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+Project Gutenberg's Buchanan's Journal of Man, February 1887, by Various
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: Buchanan's Journal of Man, February 1887
+       Volume 1, Number 1
+
+Author: Various
+
+Editor: Joseph Rodes Buchanan
+
+Release Date: August 16, 2007 [EBook #22336]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ASCII
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK JOURNAL OF MAN, VOL. 1, NO. 1 ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Barbara Tozier, Bill Tozier and the Online
+Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net
+
+
+
+
+
+                             BUCHANAN'S
+                           JOURNAL OF MAN,
+
+
+Published from 1849 to 1856 at Cincinnati, is to be re-established at
+Boston in February, 1887. When published formerly it was in its
+character and merits entirely unique, and, notwithstanding the
+progress of thirty-five years, its position is still unique, and in
+its essential characteristics different from all nineteenth century
+literature, and not in competition with any other publication. It was
+needed in 1849, and it is still more needed now. It represents an
+entirely new school of thought, based upon the establishment of the
+new science of ANTHROPOLOGY, which is a revelation of the anatomical,
+physiological, and psychic union of soul, brain, and body, and a
+complete portrait of man and the laws of his life, from which arise
+many forms of psychological, ethical, physiological, pathological, and
+therapeutic science, all of which are eminently practical and
+philanthropic in their results.
+
+One of these applications has been given in the volume entitled, "The
+New Education," of which Edward Howland says, "Its results cannot fail
+of being of even more influence upon the culture and the virtue of
+society than the introduction of steam into industrial methods has had
+in the distribution of the products of skilled labor."[A]
+
+    [A] Rev. B. F. BARRETT, one of the most eminent writers of
+        his church, says:
+
+        "We are perfectly _charmed_ with your book. I regard it by
+        far as the most valuable work on education ever published.
+        You have herein formulated the very wisdom of heaven on
+        the highest and most momentous of all themes. Your work is
+        destined, in my judgment, to inaugurate a new era in
+        popular education. It contains more and higher wisdom on
+        the subject of which it treats _than all the other books
+        ever written on education_."
+
+To watch and to assist the progress of humanity has been the pleasure
+of the editor for half a century, and it will be the task of the
+"Journal of Man," as far as practicable, to present a periscope of
+progress in all that interests the philanthropist. Almost innumerable
+questions are arising concerning human rights, opinions, and
+interests, such as, the new education, the new theology, theosophy,
+occultism, spiritualism, materialism, agnosticism, evolution,
+paleontology, ethnology, ancient religions, systems of ethics,
+sociology, political economy, labor and wages, co-operation,
+socialism, woman's progress and rights, intemperance and social evils
+of every grade, modern literature, the philosophy of art and oratory,
+revolutions in medicine, sanitary and hygienic science, democracy,
+public men and women, prison reform, the land question, and questions
+of war or peace, and national policy; upon all of which the "Journal
+of Man" must necessarily occupy an independent position, and present
+peculiar views, in the light of the new sciences of which it is the
+exponent,--views not derived from the past, not in harmony with the
+orthodox literature of the day, nor tinged by any credulous
+fanaticism, but resulting from a half century of earnest and
+scientific search for truth.
+
+Another important function for a philanthropic and progressive journal
+is to assist in the diffusion of liberal literature, and to keep an
+eye upon the prolific press of to-day, for the benefit of its readers,
+calling their attention to the meritorious works, which are often
+neglected, and warning against pretentious folly and sciolism. But it
+is not supposed that the programme of the Journal can be fully carried
+out until the completion of certain works now in hand will permit its
+enlargement.
+
+The existence and diffusion of such a science as psychometry--"the
+dawn of a new civilization," as it is considered by its adepts and its
+friends,--is alone an imperative demand for a journal to assist the
+diffusion and illustration of a science, which no honorable and
+logical thinker, after accepting its well-established facts, can
+regard as anything less than the beginning of an intellectual
+revolution, the magnitude of which is astounding to a conservative
+mind; for the revolutionary science of the last forty years has been
+concealed from the conservative majority, by its exclusion from the
+press and from the college. But the "Journal of Man" has a still wider
+field, a task in which it may well claim the co-operation of all truly
+enlightened and philanthropic minds.
+
+It was the singular good fortune of the editor, over forty-five years
+ago, to crown his long investigations of the constitution of man by
+the discovery and demonstration that all the powers of the soul were
+exercised by the brain in a multiform subdivision of its structure,
+every convolution and every group of fibres and cells having a
+function appreciably distinct from the functions of all neighboring
+parts, the vast multiformity and intricacy of its structure
+corresponding to the vast multiformity and intricacy of our psychic
+nature, which has never yet been thoroughly portrayed by either
+philosopher or poet.
+
+The functions thus discovered are at once both psychic and
+physiological, for the brain is purely a psychic organ, when its
+influence is not transmitted to the body; but becomes a physiological
+organ, and in fact the controlling head and centre of physiological
+action, when its influence is transmitted, not merely in voluntary
+motion, but in the unconscious influence which sustains, modifies, or
+depresses every vital process.
+
+These discoveries were not _entirely_ new, for it was the
+fundamental doctrine of Gall, the founder of the true cerebral
+anatomy, that the brain consisted of different organs of psychic
+functions; but in announcing the discovery (published from 1809 to
+1819) of twenty-seven distinct organs, he fell far short of the
+ultimate truth, as a necessary consequence of his imperfect and
+difficult method of discovery by comparative development. The word
+_phrenology_ has become so identified with his incomplete
+discoveries, that it may be laid aside in the present stage of our
+progress. There is no monotonous repetition of function in nervous
+structures, and the possibility of subdivision of structure and
+function is limited only by our own intellectual capacities.
+
+Moreover, Dr. Gall did not ascertain the functions of the basilar and
+internal regions of the brain, which were beyond the reach of his
+methods, and entirely overlooked the fact that the brain is the
+commanding centre of physiology, the seat of the external and internal
+senses, and of organs that control the circulation, the viscera, the
+secretions, and all their physiological and pathological phenomena, as
+demonstrated in my experiments, which reveal the entire physiological
+and the entire psychological life, with the anatomical apparatus of
+their intimate union.
+
+The experiments on intelligent persons, by which these discoveries
+were made and demonstrated, have been repeated many thousand times.
+They have been officially presented during many years in medical
+colleges, and sanctioned by scientific faculties as well as by
+committees of investigation, none of which have ever made an
+unfavorable report. They have been tested and demonstrated so often
+that further repetition appeared needless, since the unquestioned
+demonstrations produced no result beyond a passive assent; for men's
+minds are generally so firmly held in the bondage of habit, fashion,
+and inherited opinion, as to be incapable of entering freely upon a
+new realm of intellectual life without pecuniary motive; and
+investigating committees accomplished little or nothing important, the
+reason having been, as assigned by a distinguished and learned
+secretary of a medical committee in Boston, that the subject was too
+profound, too difficult, and too far beyond the knowledge of the
+medical profession. In the presence of such unmanly apathy my
+demonstrations were discontinued, as I found that only a few
+high-toned and fearless seekers of scientific truth, such as the
+venerable Prof. Caldwell, President Wylie, Rev. John Pierpont, Robert
+Dale Owen, Prof. Gatchell, Dr. Forry, and a score or two of similarly
+independent men and women, have spoken to the public with proper
+emphasis of the immortality of the discovery and the greatness of the
+total revolution that it makes in science and philosophy,--a
+revolution so vast as to require many pages to give its mere outline,
+and several volumes to give its concise presentation. The subjects of
+these volumes would necessarily be Cerebral Psychology, Cerebral
+Physiology, Psychological Ethics or Religion, Pneumatology, Psychic
+Pathology, Sarcognomy, Psychometry, Education, and Pathognomy. A _very
+concise_ epitome of the whole subject in 400 pages was published in
+1854, as a "System of Anthropology." "The New Education" was published
+in 1882. "Therapeutic Sarcognomy"--the application of sarcognomy to
+medical practice--was published in 1884, and the "Manual of
+Psychometry" in 1885.
+
+The discoveries constituting the new anthropology stand unimpeached
+to-day, sustained by every complete investigation, and not refuted or
+contradicted by the innumerable experiments of medical scientists. The
+labors of Ferrier, Fritsch, Hitzig and Charcot, become a part of the
+new system, as they lend corroboration; and the annals of pathology
+furnish numerous corroborative facts. These are not barren, abstract
+sciences, but bear upon all departments of human life--upon education,
+medical practice, hygiene, the study of character, the selection of
+public officers, of partners, friends, and conjugal companions,--upon
+religion and morals, the administration of justice and government,
+penal and reformatory law, the exploration of antiquity, the
+philosophy of art and eloquence, and the cultivation of all sciences
+except the mathematical. Anthropology must, therefore, become the
+guide and guardian of humanity, and, as such, will be illustrated by
+the "Journal of Man." It will indulge in no rash ultraism or
+antagonism, but will kindly appreciate truth even when mingled with
+error. There is, to-day, a vast amount of established science to be
+respected and preserved, as well as a vast amount of rubbish in
+metaphysical, theological, sociological, and educational opinions,
+that requires to be buried in the grave of the obsolete. The greatness
+of our themes forbids their illustration in a prospectus, which can
+but promise an unfailing supply of the novel and wonderful, the
+philanthropic and important, the interesting and useful, presented in
+that spirit of love and hope which sees that earth may be changed into
+the likeness of heaven, and that such progress is a part of our
+world's remote but inevitable destiny.
+
+Let it be remembered that science, philosophy, and religion are false
+and worthless when they do not contribute to the happiness and
+elevation of mankind, and that the chief factor in human elevation is
+that wise adaptation of measures to human nature which is utterly
+impossible without a thorough understanding of man,--in other words,
+without the science of anthropology, for the lack of which all
+national and individual life has been filled with a succession of
+blunders and calamities. It is especially in the most brilliant
+portion of anthropology, the science of psychometry, that we shall
+find access to the reconstructive wisdom which leads to a nobler life
+in accordance with the laws of heaven, as well as the prosperity and
+success which come from the fulness of practical science and the
+perfection of social order. For the truth of these unusual claims the
+reader is referred to "The Manual of Psychometry," "The New
+Education," "Intelligent Public Opinion" and future publications.
+
+The "Journal of Man" will be published at $1.00 per annum, in advance,
+in monthly numbers of thirty-two pages, beginning in February, 1887.
+Subscriptions should be sent, not in money, but by postal order, to
+the editor, Dr. J. R. Buchanan, 6 James Street, Boston. Advertisements
+inserted at the usual rates. Agents wanted.
+
+Those who wish to receive the "Journal of Man" should enter their
+names below as subscribers, and forward to the editor, without delay.
+
+
+       Subscribers' names.   No. copies.   Post Office Address.
+
+       ........................................................
+
+
+
+
+    INTELLIGENT PUBLIC OPINION. "The consensus of the competent."
+
+
+BUCHANAN'S "JOURNAL OF MAN." "Perhaps no journal published in the
+world is so far in advance of the age."--_Plain Dealer, Cleveland_.
+
+"His method is strictly scientific; he proceeds on the sure ground of
+observation and experiment; he admits no phenomena as reality which he
+has not thoroughly tested, and is evidently more desirous to arrive at
+a correct understanding of nature than to establish a system.... We
+rejoice that they are in the hands of one who is so well qualified as
+the editor of the Journal to do them justice, both by his indomitable
+spirit of research, his cautious analysis of facts, and his power of
+exact and vigorous expression."--_New York Tribune_.
+
+"This sterling publication is always welcome to our table. Many of its
+articles evince marked ability and striking originality."--_National
+Era, Washington City_.
+
+"It is truly refreshing to take up this monthly.... When we drop
+anchor and sit down to commune with philosophy as taught by Buchanan,
+the fogs and mists of the day clear up."--_Capital City Fact_.
+
+"This work is a pioneer in the progress of science."--_Louisville
+Democrat_.
+
+"After a thorough perusal of its pages, we unhesitatingly pronounce it
+one of the ablest publications in America."--_Brandon Post_.
+
+"To hear these subjects discussed by ordinary men, and then to read
+Buchanan, there is as much difference as in listening to a novice
+performing on a piano, and then to a Chevalier Gluck or a
+Thalberg."--_Democrat Transcript_.
+
+
+BUCHANAN'S "SYSTEM OF ANTHROPOLOGY." "We have no hesitation in
+asserting the great superiority of the form in which it is presented
+by Dr. Buchanan, whether we regard its practical accuracy or its
+philosophical excellence."--_American Magazine of Homoeopathy_.
+
+"The author has long been known as a distinguished Professor of
+Physiology, whose name is identified with one of the most remarkable
+discoveries of the age, the impressibility of the brain.... We are
+confident Buchanan's 'Anthropology' will soon supersede the
+fragmentary systems of Gall and Spurzheim, the metaphysicians and
+phrenologists."--_Daily Times, Cincinnati_.
+
+"Beyond all doubt it is a most extraordinary work, exhibiting the
+working of a mind of no common stamp. Close students and hard
+thinkers will find in it a rich treat, a deep and rich mine of
+thought."--_Gospel Herald, Cincinnati_.
+
+"They have had sufficient evidence to satisfy them that Dr. Buchanan's
+views have a rational, experimental foundation, and that the subject
+opens a field of investigation second to no other in immediate
+interest, and in the promise of important future results to science
+and humanity."--_Report of New York Committee (WM. CULLEN BRYANT,
+Chairman)_.
+
+"If he has made a single discovery in physiology, he has made more
+than any previous explorer of that science, in furnishing us this key
+to the whole of its principles, by his cerebral and corporeal
+experiments."--_Report of the Faculty of Indiana University_.
+
+"No person of common discernment who has read Dr. Buchanan's writings
+or conversed with him in relation to the topics which they treat, can
+have failed to recognize in him one of the very foremost thinkers of
+the day. He is certainly one of the most charming and instructive men
+to whom anybody with a thirst for high speculation ever
+listened."--_Louisville Journal (edited by PRENTICE and SHIPMAN)_.
+
+"To Dr. Buchanan is due the distinguished honor of being the first
+individual to excite the organs of the brain by agencies applied
+externally directly over them, before which the discoveries of Gall,
+Spurzheim, or Sir Charles Bell--men who have been justly regarded as
+benefactors of their race--dwindle into comparative insignificance.
+This important discovery has given us a key to man's nature, moral,
+intellectual, and physical."--_Democratic Review, New York_.
+
+
+"THERAPEUTIC SARCOGNOMY." "In this work we have the rich results of
+half a century of original thought, investigation, and discovery. Upon
+the psychic functions of the brain, Professor Buchanan is the highest
+living authority, being the only investigator of nature who has done
+anything important for that neglected realm of science, to which the
+world was introduced by the genius of Gall and Spurzheim. This work is
+really a complete exposition of the great mystery, the united
+operation and structural plan of soul, brain, and body."--_Medical
+Advocate, New York_.
+
+"Of the very highest importance in the healing art, is a work just
+issued by the venerable Professor Buchanan. We have read the book from
+cover to cover with unabated attention; and it is replete with ideas,
+suggestions, and practical hints, and conclusions of eminent value to
+every practitioner who is himself enough of a natural physician to
+appreciate and apply them.... Having been cognizant of the very
+valuable and original work accomplished by Professor Buchanan in
+physiology, and having seen him demonstrate many times, on persons of
+all grades of intellectual and physical health, the truths he here
+affirms, the subject has lost the sense of novelty to us, and is
+accepted as undoubtedly proven."--_American Homoeopathist, New York_.
+
+
+"MANUAL OF PSYCHOMETRY: The Dawn of a New Civilization." (2d edition.)
+"The like of this work is not to be found in the whole literature of
+the past.... His name stands honorably among those who have extended
+the real boundaries of knowledge."--_Home Journal, New York_.
+
+"As an experimental science it is likely to make its way to
+_universal_ recognition. But the recognition of psychometry
+involves a _tremendous change_ in the opinions of the world,
+the teachings of colleges, and the prevalent doctrines of science
+and philosophy."--_Health Monthly, New York_.
+
+"The friends of Professor Buchanan have been waiting now thirty years
+for him to make a proper public presentation of his greatest
+discovery,--psychometry, a discovery which the future historian must
+place among the noblest and greatest of this great epoch of human
+thought.... Every branch of the Theosophical Society should have a
+copy, and study the book carefully."--_Theosophist, Madras, India_.
+
+       *     *     *     *     *
+
+The above works may be obtained from the author, 6 James Street,
+Boston. The price should be remitted by postal order--for the "Manual
+of Psychometry," $2.16; for the "New Education," $1.50; for
+"Therapeutic Sarcognomy," (2d edition to be published, ______ 1887,)
+______ "Journal of Man," $1 per annum. "Anthropology" was exhausted
+thirty years ago. Its place will be occupied by "Cerebral Psychology,"
+not before the winter of 1887-88.
+
+
+
+
+CONTENTS OF JOURNAL OF MAN.
+
+Vol. I. February 1887 to February, 1888.
+
+
+   1. FEBRUARY.--Introduction to the Journal of Man--see cover of each
+        number.
+      The Phrenological Doctrines of Gall their past and present status
+      The Great Land Question
+      The Sinaloa Colony
+      Health and Longevity
+      Remarkable Fasting
+      Cerebral Psychology
+      Music
+      Insanity
+      MISCELLANY--Our narrow limits and future tasks; Palmistry;
+        Suicide; Theosophist Reviews; Apparitions of the Dead; Human
+        Responsibility in Hypnotism; Human Tails; Men who live in trees;
+        Protyle the Basis of Matter; The Keeley Motor; Mahphoon and the
+        Great Winkelmeier
+      Business Department and College of Therapeutics
+
+   2. MARCH.--Archtypal Literature for the future.
+      Chapter 1. General Plan of Brain, Synopsis of Cerebral Science
+      Superficial Criticisms, a reply to Miss Phelps
+      Spiritual Phenomenon, Abram James, Eglinton, Spirit writing
+      Mind reading Amusement and Temperance
+      MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE--Pigmies in Africa; A Human
+        Phenomenon surviving Superstition; Spiritual test of Death; A
+        Jewish Theological Seminary; National Death Rates; Religious
+        Mediaevalism in America; Craniology and Crime; Morphiomania in
+        France; Montana Bachelors; Relief for Children; The Land and the
+        People; Christianity in Japan; The Hell Fire Business; Sam Jones
+        and Boston Theology; Psychometry; The American Psychical
+        Society; Progress of Spiritualism; The Folly of Competition;
+        Insanities of War; The Sinaloa Colony; Medical Despotism; Mind
+        in Nature
+      Physiological Discoveries in the College of Therapeutics
+      Business Department, College of Therapeutics
+
+   3. APRIL.--Psychometry: The Divine Science
+      A Modern Miracle-Worker
+      Human Longevity
+      Justice to the Indians
+      MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE--Anatomy of the Brain; Mesmeric
+        Cures; Medical Despotism; The Dangerous Classes; Arbitration;
+        Criticism on the Church; Earthquakes and Predictions
+      Chapter II. Of Outlines of Anthropology; Structure of the Brain
+
+   4. MAY.--The Prophetic Faculty: War and Peace
+      Clearing away the Fog
+      The Danger of living among Christians: A Question of peace or war
+      Legislative Quackery, Ignorance, and Blindness to the Future Evils
+        that need Attention
+      What is Intellectual Greatness
+      Spiritual Wonders--Slater's Tests; Spirit Pictures; Telegraphy;
+        Music; Slate Writing; Fire Test
+      MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE--Erratum; Co-operation; Emancipation;
+        Inventors; Important Discovery; Saccharine; Sugar; Artificial
+        Ivory; Paper Pianos; Social Degeneracy; Prevention of Cruelty;
+        Value of Birds; House Plants; Largest Tunnel; Westward Empire
+      Structure of the Brain
+      Chapter III. Genesis of the Brain
+      To the Readers of the Journal--College of Therapeutics
+      Journal of Man--Language of Press and Readers
+
+   5. JUNE.--The Most Marvellous Triumph of Educational Science
+      The Grand Symposium of the Wise Men
+      The Burning Question in Education
+      MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE--Bigotry and Liberality; Religious
+        News; Abolishing Slavery; Old Fogy Biography; Legal
+        Responsibility in Hypnotism; Pasteur's Cure for Hydrophobia;
+        Lulu Hurst; Land Monopoly; Marriage in Mexico; The Grand
+        Symposium; A New Mussulman Empire; Psychometric Imposture; Our
+        Tobacco Bill; Extinct Animals; Education
+      Genesis of the Brain (concluded)
+
+   6. JULY.--Magnetic Education and Therapeutics
+      The So-Called Scientific Immortality
+      Review of the New Education
+      Victoria's Half Century
+      Outlook of Diogenes
+      A Bill to Destroy the Indians
+      MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE--The Seybert Commission; The Evils that
+        need Attention; Condensed Items--Mesmerism in Paris--Medical
+        Freedom--Victoria's Jubilee; Delightful Homes
+      Outlines of Anthropology Continued--Cranioscopy--Illustrated
+
+   7. AUGUST.--Creation's Mysteries
+      A True Poet--The Poetry of Peace and the Practice of War
+      The Volapuk Language
+      Progress of the Marvellous
+      Glances Round the World
+      MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE--Photography Perfected; The Canon King;
+        Land Monopoly; The Grand Canals; The Survival of Barbarism;
+        Concord Philosophy; The Andover War; The Catholic Rebellion;
+        Stupidity of Colleges; Cremation; Col. Henry S. Olcott; Jesse
+        Shepard; Prohibition Longevity; Increase of insanity;
+        Extraordinary Fasting; Spiritual Papers
+      Cranioscopy (Continued)
+      Practical Utility of Anthropology in its Psychic Department
+
+   8. SEPTEMBER.--Concord Symposium
+      Rectification of Cerebral Science
+      Human Longevity
+      MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE--An important Discovery; Jennie
+        Collins; Greek Philosophy; Symposiums; Literature of the Past;
+        The Concord School; New Books; Solar Biology; Dr. Franz
+        Hartmann; Progress of Chemistry; Astronomy; Geology Illustrated;
+        A Mathematical Prodigy; Astrology in England; Primogeniture
+        Abolished; Medical Intolerance and Cunning; Negro Turning White;
+        The Cure of Hydrophobia; John Swinton's Paper; Women's Rights
+        and Progress; Spirit writing; Progress of the Marvellous
+      Chapter VII.--Practical Utility of Anthropology (Concluded)
+      Chapter VIII.--The Origin and Foundation of the New Anthropology
+
+   9. OCTOBER.--The Oriental View of Anthropology
+      MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE--Religion and Science; Good Psychology;
+        The Far-away Battle; How not to do it; Robbery of Public Lands;
+        Land Reform in England; Life in Europe; Education in France;
+        Canada and the Union; Woman in the Moon; Emancipation from
+        Petticoats; Women's Rights on the Streets; A Woman's Triumph in
+        Paris; A Woman's Bible; Work for Women; Mrs. Stanton on the
+        Jubilee; Electricity; Progress of the Telegraph; The Mystery of
+        the Ages; Progress of the Marvellous; A Grand Aerolite; The Boy
+        Pianist; Centenarians; Educated Monkeys; Causes of Idiocy; A
+        Powerful Temperance Argument; Slow Progress; Community Doctors;
+        The Selfish System of Society; Educated Beetles; Rustless Iron;
+        Weighing the Earth; Head and Heart; The Rectification of
+        Cerebral Science
+      Chapter IX.--Rectification of Cerebral Science, Correcting the
+        Organology of Gall and Spurzheim
+
+  10. NOVEMBER.--The Slow Triumph of Truth
+      Old Industrial Education
+      An Incomparable "Medical Outlaw"
+      Educational.--Educational Reform in England; Dead Languages
+        Vanishing; Higher Education of Women; Bad Sunday-School Books;
+        Our Barbarous Orthography
+      Critical.--European Barbarism; Boston Civilization; Monopoly;
+        Woman's Drudgery; Christian Civilization; Walt Whitman;
+        Temperance
+      Scientific.--Extension of Astronomy; A New Basis for Chemistry;
+        Chloroform in Hydrophobia; The Water Question; Progress of
+        Homoeopathy: Round the World Quickly
+      Glances Round the World (concluded from August)
+      Rectification of Cerebral Science (illustrated)
+
+  11. DECEMBER.--The World's Neglected or Forgotten Leaders and Pioneers
+      Social Conditions--Expenses at Harvard; European Wages; India as a
+        Wheat Producer; Increase of Insanity; Temperance; Flamboyant
+        Animalism
+      Transcendental Hash
+      Just Criticism
+      Progress of discovery and Improvement--Autotelegraphy; Edison's
+        Phonograph; Type-setting Eclipsed; Printing in Colors; Steam
+        Wagon; Fruit Preserving; Napoleon's Manuscript; Peace; Capital
+        Punishment; Antarctic Explorations; The Desert shall Blossom as
+        the Rose
+      Life and Death--Marvellous Examples
+      Outlines of Anthropology (continued) Chapter X.--The Law of
+        Location in Organology
+
+  12. JANUARY.--The Pursuit of Truth
+      Occultism defined
+      Psychic Phenomena
+      The Ancient Iberians
+      The Star Dust of the Universe
+      MISCELLANEOUS--Bright Literature; The Two Worlds; Foote's Health
+        Monthly; Psychic Theories; Twentieth Century Science, Dawning at
+        the end of the Nineteenth; Comparative Speed of Light and
+        Electricity; Wonderful Photography; Wooden Cloth; The
+        Phylloxera; Falling Rents; Boston Civilization; Psychic
+        Blundering; Beecher's Mediumship; A Scientific Cataract;
+        Obstreperous and Pragmatic Vulgarity; Hygiene; Quinine; Life and
+        Death; Dorothea L. Dix; The Drift of Catholicism, Juggernaut
+      The Principal Methods of Studying the Brain
+      Responses of Readers--Medical Orthodoxy
+
+
+
+
+                             BUCHANAN'S
+                           JOURNAL OF MAN.
+
+              VOL. I.      FEBRUARY, 1887.      NO. 1.
+
+
+
+
+SALUTATORY.
+
+
+Kind reader! Let me presume that you are in search of truth, and that
+you have an intuition sufficient to tell you that this unending search
+is the inspiring energy of the JOURNAL OF MAN Let us realize the
+vastness of truth, the vastness of those realms of knowledge
+heretofore unexplored by man, in which the JOURNAL is to perform its
+work, and in realizing that, it will be very obvious that no single
+number of the JOURNAL can be an adequate specimen to give a just
+conception of what it is to be, how many hundred themes it will have
+to consider, how many errors to analyze, how many new suggestions to
+introduce, how many criticisms of the old, how many expositions of the
+new. The present number of the JOURNAL is little more than a
+promissory note for its future.
+
+Even as a commentary on periodical literature, there will be a
+countless number of the superficial theories of ignorance and haste
+for it to examine, while there will be the more pleasing task of
+noting the introduction of sound philosophy, the progress of careful
+investigation, the uprising of common sense against hereditary
+falsehood, and the gradual enlightenment of the clerical, medical, and
+educational professions by the slow progress of new ideas, and the
+unembarrassed progress of the physical sciences and inventions which
+encounter no collegiate hindrance, excepting this, that the average
+liberal education, as it is called, gives so little knowledge of
+physical science, that the educated classes often fail to distinguish
+between the real inventor and the deluded, or delusive, impostor.
+
+The inventor is the emancipator of mankind from the oppressive burden
+of toil, and hence the philanthropist should ever look with interest
+to the progress of invention, should ever be ready to cooperate with
+inventive genius. The JOURNAL should be the inventor's friend, and it
+hopes to see the time when the national institution that I have
+proposed shall be established, to bring blind, but all powerful,
+capital into co-operation with the wise, but often powerless,
+inventor.
+
+Invention is the physical, as philosophy is the intellectual power, to
+complete the emancipation of mankind from slavery and suffering. "No,"
+would the theologian say, "your false philosophy ends in nothing. The
+world has been full of philosophies from Democritus to Hegel, and they
+have never lifted a single straw's weight from the burden that
+oppresses all humanity. The real burden is sin, and religion alone can
+remove that, and bring in the kingdom of heaven on earth."
+
+Most true, Oh theologian, it is, that the false philosophies, from
+Democritus to Hegel, have done nothing for mankind but to becloud,
+bewilder, and enfeeble their intelligence, for the philosophies were
+born of empty vanity, which essayed to conquer the universe by
+cogitation without science, and not from any loving impulse to make
+life wiser and better. But your theologies have been almost as false
+as the philosophies. You have inverted the simple and pure religion of
+Jesus. You have taught the world that its governing power was not an
+infinite love, but an infinite hate, and that the chief purpose of
+creation was to furnish an unlimited amount of human agony, in eternal
+progress, to gratify the infinite tyrant, and, at the same time,
+please a few humble vassals whom terror alone had driven into his
+service. You have taught mankind, all too successfully, to imitate
+this superhuman monster, by the banishment, imprisonment, murder, or
+torture, of all who did not accept your insane and heartless
+teachings; and the bloody drama, which has been in full progress for
+at least fifteen centuries without one interval of pity or remorse, is
+coming to its end now, Oh theologians, simply because your power has
+waned, and mankind have partially outgrown their superstitious
+ignorance. Tennyson in his last poem has expressed the truth:
+
+  "'Love your enemy, bless your haters,' said the Greatest of the great,
+  Christian love among the churches looked the twin of heathen hate.
+  From the golden alms of blessing, man had coined himself a curse;
+  Rome of Caesar, Rome of Peter,--which was crueler, which was worse?"
+
+You are beginning, Oh theologians, to be ashamed of the history of
+your tribe, and to doubt in your own hearts the horrid creeds you are
+still teaching; and a few have even thrown them off entirely and
+joined in the movement of emancipation,--even Andover is uneasy
+beneath its old yoke. But the chief problem of progress is still to
+get rid of your creeds, and return to that simple, universal religion,
+of which Jesus was the most powerful teacher,--a religion that had no
+church, no creed, no intolerance, and which dealt only in that
+universal love to which all human souls respond when they receive it.
+
+Yet never has this simple religion of Jesus appeared, nor any effort
+towards its imperfect realization, without provoking orthodox
+hostility; and never has science taken one bold step in advance to
+understand the Bible of creation, or the Divine wisdom embodied in the
+constitution of man, without finding all orthodox power arrayed
+against each step of progress, and your orthodox anathemas ready for
+each fearless seeker of the truth.
+
+Never had astronomy, never had geology, never had phrenology, never
+had anthropology, one smile from the organized theological guardians
+of the ancient falsehood called orthodoxy. Neither had political
+liberty any better treatment than mental liberty. Neither the white
+man, the red man, nor the black man found friendship or protection
+until very recently in any orthodox church, for the church was
+invariably the ally of the despot. Witness all European history,
+witness the history of Mexico and South America,--witness the history
+of the United States,--witness the present condition of Europe,
+groaning under the mountain load of taxation to pay war debts, to
+sustain the cannon foundries, forts, ships, barracks, and, in a word,
+the _armament of hell_, for it is but a grand, prearranged plan for
+further homicide and devastation; and all--all, alas! established and
+sustained by a government inspired by the church, which falsely claims
+to represent the principles of Christ in its terribly apostate career!
+
+With a loathing and horror that words cannot express I turn from this
+scene--in which, though latent at this moment, there lie all the
+horrors of the Roman amphitheatre, and wars of the legions of Scipio,
+Marius, Tiberius, Caesar, Nero, Severus, Decius, Valerianus, of Alaric,
+Attila, and Genghis Khan--to the dawn of liberty, peace, and
+enlightenment on the American continent, where, though old forms and
+institutions may survive, their interior nature or life is
+changed,--where the apostate church is slowly relinquishing its
+apostacy and growing into harmony with modern liberty and progress.
+
+The time is coming, I trust, when Christian churches in the United
+States shall return to follow the sublime examples of the founders of
+Christianity; shall practise and diffuse that spirit of love in which
+is all freedom, all toleration and co-operation; shall welcome science
+and philosophy, and become the centre of all cooperative efforts for
+human amelioration.
+
+The ameliorations of the last hundred years are so great that we may
+well anticipate still greater changes in the coming century; for, as
+Whittier says:
+
+  "Still the new transcends the old,
+  In signs and tokens manifold."
+
+It is reasonable to anticipate this change, because the old battle
+between religion and science, which placed each in a false position,
+must come to an end. The battle is still in progress,--there is still
+an antagonism; and scientists will object to the JOURNAL OF MAN
+because its science is associated with religion; while theologians
+will object to its religion because based on science; but the contest
+now proceeds with diminishing rancor, and there have been minor
+reconciliations or truces between scientists and theologians. But
+finally the grand reconciliation must come from this, that when
+science advances into the psychic realm,--when it demonstrates the
+existence of the soul, and demonstrates that heaven is not a morbid
+dream but a splendid reality,--the religious sentiment will recognize
+such science as its friend; and when science goes farther, and
+interprets the Divine laws as written by omnipotent wisdom in the
+constitution of man, more plainly and far more fully than they have
+ever been expressed in religious writings, then will religion perceive
+that such science is the Divine messenger before whom it should bow in
+reverence, and whose every utterance should be held sacred.
+
+It is thus the mission of anthropology to enlighten religion, to
+interpret the Divine law, and to reign in the kingdom of heaven, to
+which it is to lead us; and it is the mission of the JOURNAL OF MAN to
+present and keep before the enlightened few the guiding wisdom of
+anthropology.
+
+
+
+
+THE PHRENOLOGICAL DOCTRINES OF DR. GALL.
+
+THEIR PAST AND PRESENT STATUS.
+
+
+Science ought to emancipate mankind from the control of the animal
+instincts, and in the purely physical and mathematical sciences it
+does. In mathematics, dynamics, optics, acoustics, astronomy,
+electricity, engineering, and mechanics, the dictates of pure
+intellect are seldom interfered with by any blind impulse, attraction,
+or prejudice. But it is very different in the realm of opinion--in
+matters in which reason should be supreme, with as absolute authority
+as number and form have in mathematics.
+
+A thousand can measure and calculate, and can obey implicitly in
+thought the mathematical laws, for one that can reason and obey
+implicitly the dictates of pure reason. If an error is made in the
+construction of a bridge, erection of a house, or financial report of
+a bank, thousands may at once detect the error, and by clear
+exposition compel its recognition. But in matters of opinion
+controlled by reason, there is no such ready detection and recognition
+of error, even by the best educated classes. The realm of opinion is
+ever in chaos. Contradictory opinions are ever clashing; no supreme
+arbiter is known; no law of reason, like the laws of mathematics,
+comes in to dissipate error and delusion.
+
+Why is this? Anthropology replies that reason is as positive, clear,
+and imperative as mathematical principles, but that men have not been
+educated to exercise and to obey the faculty of reason, as they have
+been to measure and to count. In matters of opinion, feeling and
+impulse are allowed to dominate over reason, and to hug the delusions
+which reason would dispel. We have _no educational system_, no
+college, in which the art of reasoning is properly taught, although
+the shallow pedantry of Aristotelian logic has assumed to teach the
+art of reasoning. The faculties themselves of our colleges do not
+understand or practice the true art of reasoning, for if they did,
+they would harmonize in opinion as mathematicians harmonize in
+calculations, and would lead the onward march of mind continually,
+making or accepting discoveries of the highest importance, instead of
+standing, as they do, impregnable castles of ancient error in matters
+of opinion, though moderately progressive in physical science.
+
+It is for these reasons that popular opinions and opinions of
+universities are of little value. Everything else but reason dominates
+them. The gift of a founder, the decree of a king, parliament, or
+pope, the decision of some ancient conclave of the superstitious and
+ignorant, or the imperious will of some interested body of lords,
+plutocrats, monks, or political usurpers, establishes the mould in
+which opinions are cast; and the soft brains of inexperienced and
+unreflective youth are easily compressed into the form of the
+established mould, and from that deformed condition they seldom or
+never entirely recover true symmetry. Never taught to reason deeply or
+accurately, they yield to the sympathetic mesmeric control of social
+opinions and impulses, without looking to their origin, Hence the
+lamentable fact that in matters of opinion or philosophy, as in social
+amusements and fashions, the animal instinct of gregariousness rules,
+and men move in masses like herds of sheep or buffaloes.
+
+These considerations prepare us to appreciate justly the value of
+former and contemporary opinions in reference to the science of the
+brain.
+
+The mystery that surrounded its anatomy was dispelled by Dr. Gall, and
+modern scientists have been building upon the foundation laid by him.
+It is not necessary now to dwell upon his protracted and careful study
+of the comparative development of the brain in men and animals.
+Suffice it to say no naturalist was ever more diligent, fearless, and
+successful, in the study of nature; and the conclusive evidence of his
+success is the fact that no student of nature who travelled after his
+footsteps has failed to see what he saw, and recognize Gall as a
+grand, original teacher.
+
+Why is it, then, that the reputation of Gall and his discoveries of
+mental organs in the brain has been so fluctuating? Why have the
+discoveries that came forward with so imposing a prestige at the
+beginning of this century so entirely lost that prestige in the
+colleges in sixty years, that the writings of Gall and his disciples
+are generally neglected? Vague, unscientific speculations have taken
+their place; the colleges and literati are groping in darkness, and,
+like plants in a cellar which reach out to the dim windows, they look
+anxiously for the information that may come from laboratories and
+anatomical halls, where animals by thousands are tortured to find the
+sources of _physical_ functions, forgetful of the fact that the human
+brain is a _psychic_ organ, and that _a whole century of such
+investigations_ would leave the grand problems of _conscious_ life and
+character in primeval darkness!
+
+Have they no respect for the labors and honorable observations of
+clear-headed scientists fifty to eighty years ago? Were the anatomists
+Reil and Loder deceived when they testified to Gall's wonderful
+discoveries in anatomy? Were Andral, Broussais, Corvsart, and others,
+who stood at the head of the medical profession in France, deceived
+when they were followers of Gall? Was Dr. Vimont deceived when the
+study of the animal kingdom converted him from an opponent to a
+supporter of Gall? Were Elliotson and Solly of London, the Combes of
+Scotland, Macartney of Ireland, and a full score of others in the
+highest ranks of medical science deceived in giving their testimony
+that the anatomy of the brain, its development in the healthy, its
+amply recorded pathology, revealed in hospitals, and its phenomena in
+the insane asylums and prisons, supported the doctrines of Gall?
+
+They were not deceived, and they were not blind. _They were
+observers._ Their successors, sinking into the agnosticism of
+pseudoscience, have thus sunk because they have abandoned the methods
+of science to adopt the methods of ignorant partisanship. They have
+not studied the comparative development of the brain in connection
+with character, and therefore they know little or nothing of it. They
+are not competent as observers of development, because they have never
+attempted to become acquainted with it. Even so eminent a writer as
+the late Prof. W. B. Carpenter shows by his writings, which are a
+monument of laborious erudition, that he did not understand so simple
+a matter as the external form of the cranium belonging to the
+development of the cerebellum.
+
+Cranioscopy, the study of the brain and its proportional development
+through the cranium, which is the method by which Gall made his
+discoveries, is a _lost art_ in the medical profession, and I doubt if
+there is a single professor in any American or European medical
+college to-day, who has a competent knowledge of it. The art of
+cranioscopy requires as its basis a correct knowledge of the anatomy
+of the brain and skull, a correct knowledge of the localities of all
+the cerebral organs, and a practical skill in determining their
+development with accuracy. A variation of one eighth of an inch in
+development will change the destiny of the individual, and incorrect
+conceptions of the growth of the brain and the natural irregularities
+of the cranium would vitiate the conclusions of the observers. A
+somewhat famous but unscientific practitioner of phrenology gave a
+good illustration of this by mistaking a rugged development of the
+lambdoid suture for an enormous organ of combativeness, and ascribing
+to the gentleman a terrific, pugnacious energy which was the very
+opposite of his true character.
+
+The sciolism of popular phrenology, scantily supplied with anatomical
+knowledge, and but little better supplied with clear psychic
+conceptions, is incapable of commending the science to the esteem of
+critical observers, and of course incapable of sustaining its
+reputation against the overwhelming opposition of medical colleges.
+Thus rejected or at least neglected in the universities, which supply
+its place with worthless metaphysics, and unsustained before the
+public,--for the tone of literature is controlled by the
+universities,--it is not strange that the grand discoveries of Gall
+are neglected as they are to-day.
+
+The objections to Gall's discoveries which have been considered
+sufficient, have generally been the offspring of ignorance and
+superficial thinking. Thousands of physicians have been misled by
+professors of anatomy thoroughly ignorant of the subject, who have
+shown to their own ignorant satisfaction how impossible it was to
+judge of the development of the brain through the skull. The attacks
+upon phrenology have been generally remarkable for their logical
+feebleness. Any one well acquainted with the science and the phenomena
+in nature, could have made a much more effective attack,--an attack
+which would have _appeared_ entirely unanswerable; but no such attack
+has been made.
+
+There has been, however, one _valid_ objection to the discoveries of
+Gall, which has done much to discredit the whole system. He ascribed
+to the entire cerebellum the sexual function alone, in doing which he
+disregarded the facts developed by vivisection. Ample observation has
+shown his error. The cerebellum is the physiological as the cerebrum
+is the psychic brain, and a defined central portion of the cerebellum
+at the median line does exercise, in connection with the summit of the
+spinal cord, the sexual functions. This has been fully established by
+pathology, as well as by my own experiments. In this matter Gall is
+certainly entitled to the credit of _approximating_ the truth, the
+function being located within the territory assigned it.
+
+The fundamental doctrine, however, which Gall has the immortal honor
+of establishing, is that the cerebrum is not a homogeneous unitary
+organ, but a mass of distinct organs, as distinct as the sensitive and
+motor columns of the spinal cord, and exercising _different mental
+functions_. Whatever errors of detail he may have fallen into cannot
+obscure the glory of the pioneer in the anatomy and psychology of the
+brain. His anatomical doctrines have stood the test of time; they are
+established; and his psychic doctrines are as near an approach to
+absolute truth as ever was made by a pioneer in a wilderness of
+mystery. Gall himself, with the just self-respect which belongs to a
+sincere and fearless seeker of scientific truth, expressed his
+attitude as follows, at the close of the sixth volume of his works:--
+
+"These views of the qualities and faculties of man are not the fruit
+of subtile reasonings. They bear not the impress of the age in which
+they originate, and will not wear out with it. They are the result of
+numberless observations, and will be immutable and eternal like the
+facts that have been observed, and the fundamental powers which those
+facts force us to admit. They are not only founded on principles
+deduced from individual facts, but are confirmed by each individual
+fact in particular, and will forever come off triumphant from every
+test to which they may be submitted, whether of analysis or synthesis.
+If the reasonings of metaphysicians are ever discarded, this
+philosophy of the human qualities and faculties will be the foundation
+of all philosophy in time to come."
+
+These are the words of a grand-souled philosopher, who _knew_ that he
+was speaking the truth, and forcing, as if at the point of the
+bayonet, a great, new truth upon the stolidity of the colleges. The
+simple truth of fibrous structure in the brain, now known to every
+tyro in anatomy, was contested in the days of Gall and Spurzheim, and
+had to be enforced by public dissection in an Edinburgh amphitheatre.
+With the same unreasoning stolidity the doctrine of the multiplicity
+of organs in the brain was shunned, evaded, or denied, though it would
+seem idiotic for any physiologist to assume such a position (by
+suppressing his own common sense) when the aim of all modern
+investigations of the brain is to discover different functions in
+different parts.
+
+The great doctrine of the multiplicity of cerebral organs, introduced
+by Gall, could not be suppressed or ignored among those who
+investigate the brain in any manner. All modern investigators tacitly
+recognize it, for none could so stultify themselves as to assume the
+brain to be a homogeneous unit in either structure or functions, while
+seeking to discover the peculiar functions of each part. Thus his
+fundamental ideas are adopted by his opponents, and step by step they
+will be compelled to admit his general correctness, and his grand
+services as the pioneer in the highest department of science, the most
+prolific in important results to mankind. "Every honest and erudite
+anatomist," says Sir Samuel Solly in his standard work on the anatomy
+of the brain, "must acknowledge that we are indebted mainly to Gall
+and Spurzheim for the improvements which have been made in our mode of
+studying the brain. For my own part, I most cheerfully acknowledge
+that the interest which I derived from the lectures of Dr. Spurzheim
+at St. Thomas' Hospital about the years 1822 and 1823, has been the
+inciting cause of all the labor which for above twenty years I have at
+intervals devoted to this subject."
+
+The organ of language, his first discovery, located at the junction of
+the front and middle lobes, has been the first to receive the general
+recognition of the medical profession, because it is easy to recognize
+its failures in disease, and the morbid condition of its organ.
+
+Its general recognition by physiologists now is not usually
+accompanied by any reference to Gall as its discoverer. They are
+probably not aware that he located it correctly, because he referred
+so much to its external sign in the prominence of the eyes. This
+prominence of the eyes indicates development of the brain at the back
+of their sockets. The external marking of organs is to indicate where
+they lie and in what direction their development produces exterior
+projection. The junction of the front and middle lobes, including the
+so-called "island of Reil" (who was a pupil of Gall, and spoke of him
+as the most wonderful of anatomists), has its most direct external
+indication at the outer angle of the eye. That is the location which
+has been given the organ by my experiments, which were made without
+reference to anatomy, without even a thought of it, for I consider
+such experiments the supreme authority in physiology, and do not stop
+to inquire whether any previous knowledge supports them or not.
+
+Dr. Gall had the true idea, for although he spoke of the general
+prominence of the eye as the indication, he also recognized the
+development as extending in the direction in which I have located it.
+He regarded the organ of language as a convolution lying on the
+super-orbital plate, behind the position of the eyeball. This
+convolution is comparatively defective in animals generally, but more
+developed in birds of superior vocal powers. In addition to this, he
+observed the growth extending into the temples, where the front and
+middle lobes unite. "A great diameter in this direction," he says, "is
+always a favorable augury for the memory of words. I have seen persons
+who with an ordinary conformation of the eyes yet learned by heart
+with great facility. But in these cases the diameter from one temple
+to the other is ordinarily very considerable, and sometimes even the
+inferior part of the temples is projecting, which attests a great
+development of the adjacent cerebral parts."
+
+Thus it is evident that he recognized the structure behind the
+external angle of the eye as an important part of the organ of
+language.
+
+The interior portion of the convolution is the more intellectual
+portion of the organ, while the exterior portion is that which holds
+the closest relation to the fibres of the _corpora striata_ in the
+middle lobe, and may therefore most properly be called the organ of
+language or of speech, the impairment of which produces aphasia, or
+loss of speech. This is the form which has chiefly attracted the
+attention of the medical profession, as it very often accompanies
+paralytic affections from disease of the _corpora striata_.
+
+Evidently Gall arrived at the correct location, and he illustrates the
+discovery by referring to a great number of authors and scientists
+whose development he observed. His most decisive fact is the case of a
+patient who lost the memory of names entirely, but not the power of
+speech, by a thrust from a foil, which penetrated through the face,
+the posterior inner part of the front lobe, at its junction with the
+middle lobe, thus wounding the internal part of the organ of language,
+but not reaching the outer posterior part, at the island of Reil, to
+which pathologists have given their chief attention.
+
+Evidently Gall had the correct idea, and should have been duly
+credited by the pathologists who have verified his discovery.
+
+In verifying this discovery by excitement of the organs, I find the
+centre of language behind the external angle of the eye, on each side
+of which, toward the nose and toward the temples, are analogous
+functions which might, if we did not analyze closely, be included with
+it, as portions of the organ of language.
+
+The discoveries of Gall, though no longer sustained by colleges or
+phrenological societies, have never lost their hold upon the students
+who follow his teachings and study nature. A few phrenological writers
+and lecturers maintain the interest among those they reach, but our
+standard literature generally ignores the doctrines, and forgets the
+name of Gall. Yet the eclipse is not total. It will pass away as this
+century ends, and the fame of the great pioneer in science will be
+immortal, for it rests not on any wave of eighteenth century opinion,
+but is based on that which is "immutable and eternal."
+
+Yet so thoroughly has the present generation of physicians been misled
+by the colleges into ignorance of the labors of Gall, that although
+they know the location of the faculty of language is now beyond doubt,
+they do not think of the discoverer or understand his discoveries, but
+vaguely suppose that Ferrier, Jackson, Fritsch, Hitzig, and others
+have entirely superseded Gall by their inferences from experiments on
+the brains of animals. In this how greatly are they deceived! All that
+modern vivisectors have done has utterly failed to disturb the
+cerebral science derived from cranial observation by Gall and myself,
+and from direct experiment by myself. On the contrary, the immense
+labor of their researches serves only to add new illustrations and
+facts corroborating and co-operating with what was previously
+ascertained, as will be fully shown when "Cerebral Psychology" shall
+be published.
+
+It was once supposed that the intellectual functions of the front lobe
+were entirely refuted by discoveries which proved the front lobe the
+source of muscular impulses. More thorough experimenting dissipated
+this illusion. Ferrier reported that after a partial ablation of the
+front lobes in intelligent monkeys, "instead of, as before, being
+actively interested in their surroundings and curiously prying into
+all that came within the field of their observation, they remained
+apathetic or dull, or dozed off to sleep, responding only to the
+sensations or impressions of the moment, or varying their listlessness
+with restless and purposeless wanderings to and fro. They had lost to
+all appearance the faculty of attentive and intelligent observation."
+This is precisely what the true cerebral psychology indicates. The
+imaginary muscular powers were not at all detected, for the section of
+the front lobe had no influence on the muscular system.
+
+The science of Gall was a science of facts relevant to great
+principles. The science of his opponents was a science of irrelevant
+facts, revealing no philosophy. Students of nature adhered to Gall;
+students of books and adherents of authority neglected him. Of this
+there is no better illustration than the great collection of De Ville
+in London, of which the following account is given in the admirable
+treatise on phrenology (of 637 pages) by Dr. James P. Browne of
+Edinburgh.
+
+"How wide and various are the channels through which the phrenologist
+derives his facts. In society, whichever way he turns, they are
+constantly being presented for his contemplation. Besides there is not
+a city or town of any note that does not contain a collection of
+authentic casts of well-known persons; and up to the year 1853, the
+gallery of Mr. De Ville, in London, contained the largest and most
+valuable phrenological collection in the world of casts and skulls of
+men and women remarkable for the greatness of their talents, or the
+peculiarities of their dispositions; including above three hundred
+busts, both antique and modern, of the most renowned men the world has
+ever seen. The whole number amounted at least to three thousand. About
+two thousand skulls of animals of every denomination were also to be
+found there. There could be seen the form of head which accompanied
+the _poetical instincts_ and high moral aspirations of the poor
+peasant boy, John Clare; and how strikingly dissimilar it was in its
+most marked characteristics to the head of George Stevenson, one of
+the most original of _mechanical_ geniuses. Both were self-taught, but
+one was intensely _active_, the other _cogitative_. The mind of Clare
+was constantly engaged in poetical musings upon the moral affections,
+their pains and their pleasures; that of Stevenson was drawn by an
+inherent impulse to physical objects, and perseveringly devoted to the
+discovery of such mechanical combinations of them as might be of
+lasting benefit to society. There might be pointed out the cause of
+the difference of style which characterized the oratory of Mansfield
+and Erskine, of Canning and of Brougham: and that which constituted
+the elements of mind and their combinations, which raised Edmund
+Burke, as a prescient statesman, to a height such as neither Pitt, nor
+Fox, nor even Chatham was capable of reaching. There might be seen in
+Banks's fine bust of him, the cause why Warren Hastings, though he was
+endowed with many good qualities which endeared him to his friends,
+was, nevertheless, covetous, self-willed, domineering, unjust, and, in
+some instances, pitiless, as Governor-General of India. What a
+contrast to this did the bust of the Marquis of Wellesley, by
+Nollekens, present. Not only did it indicate that the disposition of
+that distinguished statesman was unimbued with the slightest tincture
+of hypocrisy, avarice, or the love of self-willed domination, but, on
+the contrary, it was phrenologically symbolic of an instinctive
+carelessness in regard to his own pecuniary interests, a disposition
+which in his case, perhaps, amounted to a fault, and which his
+intellect, capacious of great things, and comparatively heedless of
+whatever is little, was ill-calculated to redress. There might be seen
+in Behnes Burlowe's bust of Macintosh indications of the vastness of
+his intellect, and the unobtrusive gentleness of his disposition;
+whilst Chantrey's exquisite bust of Lord Castlereagh afforded marked
+indications of his having been endowed with courage the most heroic,
+unalloyed by the slightest tinge of complexional fear, and with an
+intellect well balanced, devising, and industrious, but certainly
+narrow in its range as compared with that of Sir. J. Macintosh. There,
+too, might be seen the true physical indications of the imperturbable
+coolness of Castlereagh, and of the sensitiveness and warm
+susceptibility of Canning.
+
+"Amongst the skulls of birds how readily could the practised observer
+distinguish the skull of the tuneful, melodious canary from that of
+the chirping, inharmonious sparrow. Nor could he fail to mark the
+constant difference between the form of the head of a song thrush and
+that of the jackdaw; or to discern how the cuckoo's head is hollow
+where the organ of the love of offspring is located, whilst the same
+part presents a striking protuberance in the partridge. In the
+dolphin, the porpoise, the seal, and many other animals, the male
+could there be distinguished from the female by the form of the back
+part of the skull, where the same organ lies. Nor could any one fail
+to mark the form of head that is the invariable, and evidently
+indispensable, concomitant of the ferocious and sanguinary temper of
+the tiger, as well as the strong contrast which it presents to the
+skull of the wild but gentle gazelle. How superior also the elevated
+brain of the poodle dog, when compared with that of the indocile,
+snarling cur! Thus in animals of the same species the most marked
+disparity of form is easily discernible, on comparing the skulls of
+such as are docile and gentle, with those of the dull and intractable.
+The elevation of the one and the depression of the other are obvious.
+
+"In an ethnological point of view that collection was very valuable.
+What a striking contrast was presented there by the rounded form of
+the skull of the fierce, indomitable American Indian, who is so averse
+to intercourse with strangers, and the rather narrow, elongated head
+of the indolent negro, who is devoted to social enjoyments. How wide
+was the difference between the head of the Sandwich Islander or of the
+Tahitian and that of the Australian or the Tasmanian. How much
+superior to either of them were the heads of the civilized Incas of
+Peru, which had not been submitted to the distorting process of
+artificial compression. Neither could the wide disparity between the
+Maori and the Gentoo escape the notice of the most careless observer.
+And how immeasurably inferior in form were they all to the noble head
+which is the issue of the mingling of the Celtic, Saxon, and Norman
+races (imbued with an infusion of old Roman, blood), such as it is
+found to be in these islands, and in the United States.
+
+"Perhaps it may not be considered out of place if I relate a
+circumstance of considerable interest to those who make it a point to
+make strict inquiry as to the amount of knowledge which certain races
+are capable of imbibing.
+
+"Some twenty years ago and more, when the great anatomist, Tiedemann,
+was in London, he paid a visit to De Ville's Phrenological Museum. I
+saw him as he entered the place. He was erect and tall, with an air
+somewhat stately, yet perfectly unassuming. His head was not so
+remarkable for great size as for its fine symmetry, and the organs of
+the moral and intellectual portions of it were in a rare degree
+harmoniously blended. It was the characteristic head of a curious,
+indefatigable, conscientious inquirer into the _arcana_ of physical
+things--one who was not given to indulge in unprofitable, visionary
+speculations. His visit to De Ville being strictly private, there was
+no opportunity afforded me of hearing his remarks. But, afterwards, it
+was told me by De Ville himself, that Tiedemann supposed (and in this
+he resembled all other opponents of phrenology) that because he had
+tested the capacity of a great many negro and European skulls, by
+filling them with millet seed, and found that, on an an average, those
+of the Africans were scarcely inferior in size to the skulls of
+Europeans--that from that fact he thought it probable that the negro,
+if placed in advantageous circumstances, ought to be capable of
+exhibiting powers of mind equal to the European.
+
+"But when the humble, self-educated follower of Gall demonstrated to
+this celebrated physiologist and anatomist that the _forehead_ of the
+negro is _usually_ much smaller than that of the European, and that,
+moreover, its form, with few exceptions, is irregular and
+ill-balanced; and when he showed that the size of the negro skull in
+the basilar portion, where the organs of the affections (which we
+possess in common with the lower animals) lie, was, in proportion to
+the upper and anterior parts, which are the seats of the moral and
+intellectual faculties, larger in the negro than in the European--when
+De Ville showed, by many instances, that this is always and infallibly
+the case (with the exception of the heads of criminals), Tiedemann
+raised his hands and said, 'The labor of years is now, I clearly see,
+of no use to me; and I must destroy many valuable things bearing upon
+this theme.' Thus, by following the _true_ mode of investigating this
+department of natural history, was an uneducated man, of good talents,
+enabled to correct a mistake in anatomy and physiology committed by
+one of the ablest anatomists that Europe has given birth to.
+
+"For the long term of twenty-two years the writer of this treatise
+took every opportunity, afforded him by the kindness of its generous
+owner, to study the contents of this rare collection; and, after
+having studied it with assiduous care, he is bound to say that out of
+the hundred thousand facts which it contained, not one could be
+pointed out that did not testify to the never-failing agreement of
+particular parts or organs of the brain, with certain independent,
+elementary faculties, according to the laws discovered by Gall.
+
+"It is with the view of demonstrating the stability and
+unchangeableness of those laws that the composition of this treatise
+has been undertaken; in order to excite in its regard such a degree of
+attention as will tend to awaken it from the state of inauspicious
+somnolency in which it has for some years lain prostrate. But,
+strongly impressed with a conviction of the importance of the subject,
+and fully alive to the difficulty of treating it, the writer cannot
+help being crossed by fears for the success of this attempt. Relying,
+however, upon the solidity of the foundation upon which his subject
+rests, and surveying the vast store of accumulated materials which
+have, for more than thirty years, been constantly passing through his
+hands, and the facts which are now strewn before him in whatever
+society he may be placed, he would fain hope that even his humble
+abilities will enable him to make such a selection of incontrovertible
+facts as will place beyond a doubt the possibility of determining the
+innate talents and dispositions of any one by making a skilful survey
+of the head; and, should he succeed in merely raising a more general
+spirit of active inquiry in regard to the nature of the evidence
+adduced, and the deductions drawn from it by phrenologists, than at
+present exists, he will have reaped a fair reward for his efforts, for
+he has long been thoroughly convinced that a strict and faithful
+examination of the facts which bear upon the case is alone requisite
+for converting the incredulous scoffer into the zealous advocate."
+
+Having thus vindicated the claims of the great pioneer in philosophy,
+our next issue will show the limitations of his discoveries, and give
+an outline of the new and all-comprehensive Anthropology.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+THERAPEUTIC SARCOGNOMY.--The publication of this work has
+been laid aside to introduce the JOURNAL OF MAN. It will appear
+during the present year, but not in a cheap abridged form as first
+proposed. It will be an improved edition.
+
+
+
+
+THE GREAT LAND QUESTION.
+
+AGITATED BY HENRY GEORGE, MICHAEL DAVITT, PROF. WALLACE, DR. EADON AND
+REFORMATORY SOCIETIES IN GREAT BRITAIN AND GERMANY.
+
+
+They who in the fearless pursuit of truth attain ideas for which the
+age is not prepared are recognized as Utopians. The dullards who have
+not the desire, and _therefore_ have not the capacity to seek new
+truth, languidly regard as dreamers the men who talk of things so
+foreign to their own habits. The more dogmatic class, inspired by the
+dogmatism of the colleges, array themselves in scorn to repel new
+thought. But, fortunately, as men die they fail to transmit _all_ of
+their bigotry to posterity, and new men come in with new ideas.
+
+In that new world of thought to which anthropology belongs, the basis
+of social order is understood, and I felt it my duty in 1847 to
+present the law of justice in relation to "The Land and the People,"
+with very little hope that the doctrine presented would ever become in
+my own lifetime a basis of political action, since other ideas equally
+true and equally demonstrable have to bide their time. But the toilers
+who suffer from the lack of employment have furnished an eager
+audience to the land reformers, and the great land question is
+destined to agitate the nations for a century to come. The _Boston
+Globe_ recently called attention to the original presentation of this
+subject at Cincinnati, in the following editorial:--
+
+"There seems to be a notion prevalent that the ideas advocated by Mr.
+George are novel. But they are not. They once more illustrate the
+familiar fact that there is nothing new under the sun. Much the same
+doctrines were urged here in America at least forty years ago, and
+were the subject of comment in the papers of the day.
+
+"Dr. J. R. Buchanan, now of Boston, presented the case at Cincinnati
+in 1847 much as it is now put by Mr. George and Mr. Davitt. The
+Memphis _Appeal_ of September 23 of that year, gave an elaborate
+review of Dr. Buchanan's essay, in which it said:
+
+    "'The Land and the People' is the title of a well-written
+    pamphlet from the pen of Dr. J. R. Buchanan of Cincinnati,
+    formerly known to our citizens as an able and accomplished
+    lecturer on the science of neurology. It is quite plain from
+    the production in question that the doctor has not confined
+    himself to the study of the physiological system, of which we
+    believe he is the author, but has evidently thought deeply
+    upon other subjects vitally concerning the well being and
+    progress of society. Whatever may be thought of the positions
+    of this pamphlet, we cannot deny to it the merit of great
+    beauty of style and force of logic. The whole argument is
+    based upon the proposition that the earth is the original gift
+    of God to man, and as such belongs of right to the human race
+    in general, and not to the individuals of the race separately.
+    The author insists that the land is not the product of man's
+    labor any more than air, sunshine, or water, and that
+    originally this gift of God ought to have been left as free as
+    those lighter, but indispensable elements must ever be, from
+    their very nature. The artificial and unnatural laws which
+    have sprung up and become fastened upon society have thrown
+    immense obstacles in the way of the bare perception of this
+    great truth, as the doctor deems it, besides at the same time
+    interposing barriers almost insurmountable to its reception
+    and adoption into the framework of government. It is insisted,
+    however, that these obstacles may be overcome, and the rights
+    of the people restored to them, without any injustice to the
+    present proprietors of land, and without any convulsions in
+    the great elements of society.
+
+"Dr. Buchanan explained in his essay, as Mr. George does in his works
+now, that he did not mean to annul the existing titles to land. 'Far
+from it,' Dr. Buchanan said. 'Such a scheme would be a miserable
+climax of folly and injustice, fit only to render the great principle
+equally odious and ridiculous.' The doctor insisted that he proposed
+to 'maintain in legislation the broad principle that the nation owns
+the soil, and that this ownership is paramount to all individual
+claims,' and from this fundamental proposition as a corner-stone the
+superstructure was to be built up. The present proprietors of the soil
+were not to be disturbed in their possession, and the government was
+not to interfere in the details of agriculture, renting and leasing
+estates, determining possession, etc. But the owners were to be
+considered as the tenants of the nation, paying rent to it for the
+benefit of the people at large. This rent was to be extremely small at
+first, estimated upon the value of the soil alone, without the
+improvements, that being the original gift of nature, free to all. It
+was to be increased, however, in the course of two generations, until
+a rent of about 5 per cent should have been exacted from all the
+tenants of the nation--that is, from all who occupied any portion of
+the soil. The rent thus raised--a vast revenue--was to be applied to
+the establishment of free colleges, free schools, free libraries, and
+other institutions calculated to improve and benefit the citizen.
+
+"This is the doctrine, substantially, as put forth at the present time
+by Mr. George, and by so many persons supposed to be entirely new.
+Again we remark that 'there is nothing new under the sun.'"
+
+This subject will be taken up hereafter in the JOURNAL OF MAN. Its
+progress as a policy will be noted, its writers reviewed, and the
+dictates of dispassionate science presented. It is too late to
+intercept the folly and crime that have surrendered the rights of the
+people in the American continent, but not too late to begin
+reclamation of our lost sovereignty.
+
+We shall have ample discussions of this subject. Mr. George has given
+us "Progress and Poverty" (cloth, $1.00; paper, 20 cents); "Social
+Problems," at the same price; "The Land Question" (paper, 10 cents);
+"Property in Land" (paper, 15 cents); "Protection or Free Trade"
+(cloth, $1.50). At Baltimore a volume has been issued as one of the
+Johns Hopkins University studies in political and historical science,
+written by Shosuke Sato, Ph. D., Special Commissioner of the Colonial
+Department of Japan. N. Murray is the publishing agent, and the price
+in paper is $1.00. This work is a "History of the Land Question in the
+United States," and describes the formation of the public domain by
+purchase and cession, and the entire administration of the land system
+of the United States. The land laws of early times and of other
+countries are stated in the introduction. Another very instructive
+work recently issued is entitled, "Labor, Land, and Law; a Search for
+the Missing Wealth of the Working Poor," by William A. Phillips;
+published by Charles Scribner's Sons, New York. Mr. Phillips has been
+a member of Congress from Kansas, and his work is an extensive view of
+the land question in other countries as well as the United States.
+
+In the near future this must be the burning question of politics and
+statesmanship, as it is at present in Great Britain. The agitations in
+Ireland, Scotland, and Wales have long been on the verge of bloody
+conflict, and a Land League has been formed in Germany at Berlin, of
+which Dr. A. Theodor Stamm is president, having for its object the
+transfer of land ownership from individuals to the State. A newspaper
+at Berlin is devoted to its objects.
+
+A few facts show how inevitable the conflict that is coming, while the
+agricultural classes of all Europe are being driven by American
+competition deeper and deeper into poverty and inability to pay rent,
+which can never be again what it has been. The New York _Evening Post_
+very justly says: "The truth is, we are witnessing in Ireland the
+gradual disappearance of rent. The land is no longer able to support
+anybody but the actual cultivator. To make this process peaceful, and
+as far as possible harmless to all parties, ought to be the chief
+concern of the Government." Landlordism in Great Britain has small
+claims upon our sympathy, for the great body of the land is held by
+titles which have no other basis than the robbery of old by military
+power. According to John Bright, in England and Wales one hundred
+persons own 4,000,000 acres; in Scotland twelve persons own 4,346,000
+acres, and seventy persons own the half of Scotland; nine tenths of
+all the land in Scotland belongs to 1,700 persons, the rest of the
+population having only one tenth. In Ireland less than 800 persons own
+half of all the land, and 330 persons own two thirds of all the land
+in Scotland; 402 members of the House of Lords hold 14,240,912 acres,
+with a rental of $56,865,637.
+
+It is no wonder that the tenants of the Duke of Argyle have risen
+against the police that enforce the landlord's claims, and that the
+Welsh resistance against tithes has impoverished the Welsh clergy.
+
+The Irish agitation has a just basis, which was well stated by the
+Boston _Herald_ as follows:--
+
+"The assertion has been frequently made that rents have increased more
+in England than in Ireland; but one of the ablest English
+statisticians, a man who can hardly be accused of partiality toward
+Ireland, has recently pointed out that while in the forty years from
+1842 to 1882 the rents in England increased on an average 15
+percent, the rents in Ireland in the same period increased on an
+average 20 per cent, and this, too, in a country where farming has
+been carried on on a low scale of culture, where the landlord has done
+practically nothing for his tenant, and where the results of the
+harvest are more uncertain than in England. It is the constant desire
+that the Irish landlords have shown in the past to get the last pound
+of flesh and the last drop of blood out of their tenants that is the
+cause of the present detestation in which they are held by the
+latter."
+
+In the United States the public domain has been criminally surrendered
+to monopoly. Commissioner Sparks speaks in his reports of the
+"widespread, persistent land robbery." The fences of land robbers have
+been removed from 2,700,000 acres, and over 5,000,000 will probably be
+redeemed. In fifteen years, 179,000,000 of acres have been given by
+Congress to various railroad corporations, a larger territory than the
+empire of Germany. Before these wrongs were consummated, nearly forty
+years ago, I called a public meeting in the Cincinnati court house,
+which protested against this surrender of the people's domain. The
+present agitation will probably bring it to an end. In the
+Congressional debates last June Mr. Eustis said "the railroad men had
+made fortunes as mushrooms grow in the night; a coterie of such men
+had enriched themselves at the expense of the people of the United
+States. They did not observe equity, honesty, or good faith, and only
+came here to assert their legal rights and to defy the authority and
+power of Congress and the people of the United States to deal with
+them. The great question to-day was whether the government was
+superior to the corporations, or the corporations superior to the
+government. The corporations had exhibited shameless and unpardonable
+oppression and extortion, as well as effrontery in their dealing with
+the people and the Government of the United States." "Our people and
+our country," said the speaker, "were only able to stand the drafts
+thus made on their liberties because they were yet young and strong
+and vigorous." Mr. Eustis advocated the forfeiture of every acre of
+land that had not been earned according to the strict limitations and
+conditions imposed in the grant.
+
+In the house of Representatives, December 11, 1886, Mr. Payson of
+Illinois, on behalf of the Committee on Public Lands, called up the
+bill declaring a forfeiture of the Ontonagon and Brule River land
+grant. In detailing the circumstances of the grant Mr. Payson declared
+that from the organization of the Ontonagon and Brule River Company no
+step had ever been taken by it which did not indicate that that
+organization had been purely speculative and effected for the purpose
+of getting land from the General Government. It had been an attempt at
+bare-faced robbery from its inception down to the present time.
+Referring to the statement made by persons interested in the road,
+that it had been accepted by commissioners and reported upon as having
+been built in first-class style, he asserted that miles of the road
+had no other ballast than ice and snow, which, melting in spring, left
+the rails held in suspension eight inches above the ground. In support
+of his assertion, he produced photographs of various sections of the
+road and commented upon them, much to the amusement of the House. A
+bridge, as depicted by the photograph, he declared to be humped like a
+camel and backed like a whale. A section of a mile in length showed
+but one railroad tie; while a 250-foot cut was shown as being filled
+with logs and brush. The bill was passed without division. It forfeits
+384,600 acres.
+
+The march of monopoly must be arrested in the United States and
+Mexico. A New England company has obtained from Mexico eighteen
+millions of acres in lower California. All over the world the curse of
+land monopoly flourishes undisturbed. The natural result of
+landlordism everywhere is already foreshadowed in this country by the
+example of William Scully in Illinois. The Chicago _Tribune_ one year
+ago devoted four columns to the career of Scully, a resident of
+London, who owns large tracts of American land, and has introduced the
+Irish landlord system in managing his American property. The _Tribune_
+said:--
+
+"Scully is one of the chief figures among the alien proprietors of
+American soil, and has introduced the meanest features of the worst
+forms of Irish landlordism on his estates in this country. He has
+acquired in the neighborhood of 90,000 acres of land in Illinois
+alone, at a merely nominal figure--50 cents to $1 per acre, as a rule.
+His career as an Irish landlord was a history of oppression and
+extortion, that was appropriately finished by a bloody encounter with
+his tenants. He was tried and acquitted on the charge of double
+murder, but became so unpopular that in 1850 he sold most of his Irish
+property, and has since devoted himself to building up a landlord
+system in Illinois, Kansas, Nebraska, and other States. He made
+entries of the public domain through the medium of the land warrants
+issued to Mexican war soldiers, which he purchased at the rate of 50
+cents per acre. In Logan County, Ill., alone, he has 40,000 to 45,000
+acres. It is the almost universal testimony that Scully's rule in that
+county has reduced 250 tenants and their families to a condition
+approaching serfdom. Furthermore, Scully pays no taxes, the tenants
+signing ironclad agreements to assume the same, but they are required
+to pay to Scully's agents the tax money at the same time as the
+rentals--the 1st of January of each year; whereas, the agent need not
+turn over the taxes to the county treasurer until about June 10
+following. It is suggested that Scully probably makes a handsome
+percentage on the tax money remaining in his hands for five months. It
+is also shown that a great deal of this alien's land entirely escapes
+taxation, thus increasing the burden on other property holders; that
+he takes the most extraordinary precautions to secure his rent,
+executing a cast iron lease, with provisions that mortgage the
+tenant's all, scarcely allowing his soul to escape, and making it
+compulsory for small grain to be sold immediately after harvest, no
+matter what may be the condition of the market; that grain dealers are
+notified not to buy of the tenants until Scully's rent is paid; in
+short, that Scully has founded a land system so exacting that it is
+only paralleled in Ireland, and rules his tenantry so despotically
+that few can be induced to tell the story of their wrongs, justly
+feeling that it would involve ruin to them."
+
+Much sympathy has been excited by the reports of cruel evictions in
+Ireland, to gratify the merciless avarice of landlords, and for the
+justice of these reports we need not depend on Irish testimony alone.
+American travellers have told enough, and the London _Standard_ of
+Jan. 18 says: "Some of this winter's evictions have been inhuman
+spectacles, fit only for a barbarous country and a barbarous age."
+
+There is nothing intrinsically wrong in the relation of landlord and
+tenant, which should excite a prejudice against the landlord; on the
+contrary, many landlords have been a blessing to the communities in
+which they lived; but our land system is a conspicuous part of a
+grandly false social system based on pure selfishness, which makes all
+men jealous competitors, and destroys the spirit of fraternity.
+
+Our social system tends ever to make the rich richer and the poor
+poorer, and the struggle in Ireland is but the forerunner of a
+movement that will extend around the globe. Is there no remedy for the
+evils? Indeed there is! Sixty years of thought have made me familiar
+with the evils and the remedies. Some of the remedies are coming to
+the front at present. All will in time be presented in the JOURNAL OF
+MAN.
+
+Land reform is but one of the great measures that progress demands.
+The first and greatest is a PERFECT EDUCATION for all, moral and
+industrial. The second is SPIRITUAL RELIGION. The third is JUSTICE TO
+WOMAN. The fourth, which is JUSTICE IN LEGISLATION, includes land
+reform, financial reform, and many other reforms. The fifth is
+INDUSTRIAL CO-OPERATION. The sixth is TEMPERANCE.
+
+The first reform includes all the others. The second would ultimately
+bring all things right, and so would the third in a longer lapse of
+time.
+
+ANTHROPOLOGY is the intellectual guidance into all reforms, and
+therefore should precede all. Hence it is the leading theme of this
+Journal.
+
+
+
+
+THE SINALOA COLONY.
+
+
+Mankind would be one family or group of families, if the principles of
+Jesus could be imparted to the human race. But the robber races that
+occupy this globe at present are intensely hostile in feeling to that
+life of Christian love which is commanded in the books which they
+honor with their lips.
+
+The so-called civilized races of to-day are as intensely barbarian at
+heart, notwithstanding the superficial varnish of literary
+civilization, as the hordes of Attila and Genghis Khan. Witness the
+attitude of Germany and France (the great exemplars of literary
+civilization), each eagerly preparing for a deadly conflict.
+
+Yet in all ages there have been those whom nature has qualified for a
+better life, who wish to live in harmony, and turn with weariness and
+disgust from the present forms of avaricious strife, rivalry, and
+fraud. If the best of these could be gathered in one community, a
+better state of society could be organized.
+
+Horace Greeley sympathized with such movements, and about forty years
+ago gave much space in the _Tribune_ to the illustration of this
+subject. Although the co-operative principles of Fourier, then widely
+discussed, have not resulted in any great success in community life in
+the United States, it can also be said that experiments have not shown
+the doctrines of Fourier to be impracticable. The best thinkers have
+not lost their faith, and the example of M. Godin at Guise in France,
+with a population of 1,800 in the Social Palace enjoying the very
+Utopia of happy and prosperous co-operative life, is a splendid
+demonstration of what is possible, and a standing rebuke to the
+churches of civilized nations which have not even noticed this grand
+demonstration of the possibilities of humanity.
+
+The grandest and most hopeful co-operative scheme yet proposed is that
+of Mr. Albert K. Owen, entitled the "Credit Foncier of Sinaloa," which
+has been established at the harbor of Topolobampo, in the state of
+Sinaloa, on the western coast of Mexico, where a large and liberal
+grant has been obtained from the Mexican government for the Credit
+Foncier Company, chartered by the state of Colorado, Mr. Owen being
+chairman of the Board of Directors. Its headquarters were at rooms 7
+and 8, 32 Nassau Street, New York, and the members of the community
+are already gathered in considerable numbers at Topolobampo. The
+Credit Foncier of Jan. 11 reports over 4,800 persons enlisted for the
+colony, and over sixteen thousand shares of stock sold.
+
+This is not a unitary community, in which the individuality of the
+members is lost, but a co-operative corporation, owning its lands as a
+society, and abolishing at once the primary evils of land monopoly and
+a false financial system. As stated by Mr. E. Howland, "the community
+is responsible for the health, usefulness, individuality, and security
+of each member, and at the same time each will feel secure in his
+social and individual rights in the existence of the collective
+ownership and management for public utilities and conveniences,
+instead of the disorganized chaos in which to-day we live."
+
+A system of distribution will be adopted, doing away with the immense
+cost of trade as at present conducted. The laborer will be protected
+against misfortune by a system of insurance and a pension in old age.
+Employment and opportunity will be provided for all, and education
+provided for all children. It is upon this education that the
+_ultimate_ success of the society must depend, for it is impossible to
+organize a perfect society of those whose characters have been moulded
+by the present antagonistic condition of society. All grand ideals
+must look to the future for their realization. That such realization
+may occur in the Sinaloa colony is indicated by the following
+quotation from the exposition of the Credit Foncier by Mr. Howland.
+
+"As we shall have to, at least during this generation depend upon the
+colonization of persons who have been subject to the influences of
+society as it is, we would only say, that the new truths concerning
+moral education contained in 'The New Education' by Mr. J. R.
+Buchanan, have been carefully examined by the writer of this, and its
+most important lessons shall be applied in the organization of our
+schools; for the power of love can be unquestionably applied, not only
+as a cure for the evils produced inevitably by the system of
+competition, but also as a miraculous agent in aiding the progress of
+society to an inconceivably higher plane of human life."
+
+The newspaper in exposition of the society entitled, "The Credit
+Foncier of Sinaloa," published at $1 a year, at Hammonton, New Jersey,
+will be issued hereafter at Topolobampo, Mexico. A report descriptive
+of the site of the colony and the surrounding country (price six
+cents) and a map of the colony's site (price ten cents) may be
+obtained by addressing the editor, E. Howland, at Topolobampo, Mexico.
+
+While the Journal is going through the press, the colonists are
+gathering in large numbers, and by our next issue we may have some
+account of the commencement of this noble enterprise.
+
+Its founder, Mr. A. K. Owen, is a gentleman of great energy and
+enterprise, guided by noble principles, a skilful surveyor and
+engineer. About fourteen years ago he made extensive exploration in
+Mexico, especially on its Pacific Coast, discovered and reported
+Topolobampo Bay, and introduced the scheme of the Norfolk &
+Topolobampo Railroad, which he urged upon the attention of Congress,
+winning the approbation of committees, but finally defeated by the
+great railroad corporations. He took an active part in Mexican
+affairs, forming gigantic plans for the public welfare, by a syndicate
+at the head of which was Gen. Torbert, which were defeated by a
+shipwreck in which Gen. Torbert was lost, and himself narrowly escaped
+death. He then organized with the co-operation of Gen. Grant, Gen.
+Butler, and other distinguished men, the "Texas, Topolobampo & Pacific
+Railroad and Telegraph Company," and obtained a concession of 2,000
+miles of railroad and a subsidy of $16,000,000. Hon. Wm. Windom was
+president, and Mr. Owen chief engineer. In 1873 he located a hundred
+miles of the road from Topolobampo eastwardly, and two years ago the
+construction commenced. Thus in the midst of a life of great activity
+and experience in engineering, finance, politics, reform, and travel,
+Mr. Owen, as a practical and skilful manager of great undertakings,
+inspired by a strong democratic philanthropy, has laid the plan of a
+co-operative colony on the basis of liberal concessions from the
+Mexican government, and opened a field in which his democratic ideas
+of human rights, of land, labor, finance, hygiene, freedom, and
+general reform, can have full scope.
+
+Mr. Owen's ideas and plans are stated in a book of two hundred pages,
+published by Jno. W. Lovell, 14 Vesey Street, New York, and sent by
+mail for thirty cents. It is not a systematic treatise, but a
+miscellaneous collection of documents which give a good deal of
+information.
+
+The Topolobampo scheme is one requiring great skill and executive
+ability in the directors, as well as a harmonious and energetic spirit
+in the colonists. The climate, soil, and opportunities are no doubt
+the best that have ever been accorded to a scheme of co-operation, and
+when its success has been realized, it may be accounted the most
+important social event of the century, for it will be the dawn of
+peace to a warring world, the promise of harmony between all the
+restless and convulsive elements of civilized society.
+
+
+
+
+HEALTH AND LONGEVITY.
+
+
+Upon these subjects the JOURNAL OF MAN has a new physiological
+doctrine to present, which may be stated in the initial number, and
+will be illustrated hereafter.
+
+In the volume of "Therapeutic Sarcognomy," which was so speedily and
+entirely sold upon its publication, it was clearly demonstrated that
+the doctrine of vitality taught at this time in all medical colleges
+is essentially erroneous, and that human life is not a mere aggregate
+of the properties of the tissues of the human body, as a house is an
+aggregate of the physical properties of bricks and wood, but is an
+influx, of which the body is but the channel and recipient.
+
+That demonstration need not be repeated just now, as my object is
+merely to state the _position_ of the JOURNAL. Life is an influx from
+the world of invisible power, aided by various forms of influx from
+the material world, without which it would promptly cease. If this
+naked statement should seem fanciful or erroneous to any reader, he
+may be just to himself by suspending his opinions until he shall have
+received the demonstration. We have all been educated into false
+opinions on this subject, and it is almost as difficult for the
+American scholar to release himself from the influence of education
+and habit in such matters, as for the Arab to release his mind from
+the influence of the Koran.
+
+It has been only within the last ten years, and as the sequel of
+investigations of the seat of life beginning in 1835, that I succeeded
+in ascertaining the absolute falsity of the doctrines on this subject
+maintained by all scientific biologists at the present time, and
+demonstrating that the human body is only a tenement, of which life is
+the builder, and which drops into decay when life deserts it to meet
+its more congenial home in a nobler realm.
+
+It is not therefore in the physical but in the spiritual constitution
+that the real basis of his character, his health, and longevity is to
+be found, for the primitive germ or protoplasm of man cannot be
+distinguished from that of a quadruped or bird. It is the invisible
+and incalculable life element that contains the potentiality or
+possibility of existence as a quadruped or a man, as a virtuous or
+vicious, and as a long lived or short lived, being. The life element
+of the germ limits the destiny of the being. That life element is
+invisible.
+
+This truth, however, does not contradict the truth of development and
+the capacity of science to estimate the probable health or longevity
+of an individual from his organization, for the life force organizes a
+body in accordance with its own character; and the development of the
+entire person shows the character of the vital force as modified by
+the environment of food, air, motives, and education. The brain, no
+less than the body,--indeed, more fully than the body,--shows the
+elements of the life and the tendency to health and longevity, or the
+reverse, upon which an expert cranioscopist can give an opinion.
+
+In accordance with the doctrine of influx and in accordance with the
+functions of the brain we are compelled to recognize health and
+longevity as more closely associated with the higher than the lower
+faculties,--the moral rather than the animal nature. This is the
+reason that woman, with a feebler body but a stronger moral nature,
+ranks higher in health and longevity than man; and although from four
+to sixteen per cent more males are born, women are generally in
+predominance, often from two to six per cent. The researches of the
+Bureau of Statistics of Vienna show that about one third more women
+than men reach an advanced age. De Verga asserts that of sudden deaths
+there are about 100 women to 780 men. The inevitable inference is that
+the cultivation of virtue or religion is the surest road to longevity,
+and the indulgence in vice and crime the most certain ruin to the body
+and soul.
+
+There is a curious illustration of these principles in the evidence of
+life insurance companies in reference to spirit drinking and
+abstinence. The oldest two life insurance companies of England, the
+General Provident and the United Kingdom, have made records for
+forty-five years which distinguish the total abstainers and the
+moderate drinkers. Drunkards they do not insure at all. The care with
+which lives are selected for insurance results in a smaller rate of
+mortality among the insured than in the entire population. This gain
+was but slight among those classed as moderate drinkers, for their
+mortality was only three per cent less than the average mortality; but
+among the total abstainers it was thirty-one per cent less. Thus the
+proportion of deaths among moderate drinkers compared to that of total
+abstainers is as 97 to 69.
+
+The temperance advocate would assume that this was owing entirely to
+the deleterious effects of alcohol, and that is partially true; but
+there is a deeper reason in the difference of the two classes of men.
+The man in whom the appetites are well controlled by the higher
+energies of his nature, and who has therefore no inclination to
+gluttony or drunkenness, has a better organization for health and
+longevity than he in whom the appetites have greater relative power,
+and who seeks the stimulus of alcohol to relieve his nervous
+depression. The inability or unwillingness to live without stimulation
+is a mark of weakness, which is an impairment of health; and this
+weakness predisposes to excessive and irregular indulgence, though it
+may not go so far as intoxication.
+
+The effects of marriage furnish a parallel illustration. It is
+well-known that bachelors are more short lived than married men, but
+this is not owing _entirely_ to the hygienic influence of marriage. It
+is partly owing to the inferiority of bachelors as a class. The men
+who remain celibate are either too inferior personally to win the
+regard of women, or are generally deficient in the strong affections
+which seek a conjugal life, and the energies which make them fearless
+of its responsibilities and burdens. Evidently they have not as a
+class the robust energies of the marrying men, and the urgent motives
+to compel them to regular industry and prudence. Everything which
+stimulates men to exercise the nobler qualities of their nature is
+promotive of health and longevity; and the _true_ religion which
+anthropology commends will increase human longevity in proportion as
+it prevails.
+
+In future numbers the true basis and indications of longevity in man
+will be fully illustrated.
+
+The attainable limits of human longevity are generally underrated by
+the medical profession and by popular opinion. Instead of the
+Scriptural limit of threescore and ten I would estimate twice that
+amount, or 140 years, as the ideal age of healthy longevity, when
+mankind shall have been bred and trained with the same wise energy
+that has been expended on horses and cattle. Of the present scrub
+race, a very large number ought never to have been born, and ought not
+to be allowed to transmit their physical and moral deficiencies to
+posterity.
+
+The estimate of 140 years as a practicable longevity for a nobler
+generation is sustained by the number of that age (fourteen, if I
+recollect rightly) found in Italy by a census under one of the later
+Roman emperors. But for the race now on the globe a more applicable
+estimate is that of the European scientist, that the normal longevity
+of an animal is five times its period of growth,--a rule which gives
+the camel forty years, the horse twenty-five, the lion twenty, the dog
+ten, the rabbit five. By this calculation man's twenty years of growth
+indicate 100. But growth is not limited to twenty, and if we extend
+the period of maturing to twenty-eight, the same rule would give us
+140 as an age for the best specimens of humanity, which has been
+attained in rare cases, its general possibility in improved conditions
+being thus demonstrated.
+
+There are many fine examples of longevity at this time. The famous
+French chemist Chevreul has just completed his hundredth year at
+Paris, in the full vigor of his intellect.
+
+The _Novosti_, a Russian journal, recently mentions the death in the
+almshouse of St. Petersburg of a man aged 122 years, whose mental
+faculties were preserved up to his death, and who had excellent health
+to the age of 118.
+
+We have similar examples in the United States. Mrs. Celia Monroe, a
+colored woman, who died a few weeks ago at Kansas City was believed to
+be 125. She was going about a few days before her death.
+
+Farmer O'Leary of Elkton, Minnesota, is over 112. Noah Raby of
+Plainfield, New Jersey, is in his 115th year. He supports himself by
+his work in the summer, and looks like a man of 80.
+
+Of very recent deaths we have: Amos Hunt of Barnesville, Georgia, who
+died at 105, leaving twenty-three of his twenty-eight children. Mrs.
+Raymond of Wilton, Connecticut, was still living recently in her 106th
+year. Ben Evans, part Indian, part negro, a great hunter of Wilkes
+County, Georgia, died at 107; baptized after he was 100. Mrs. Betsy L.
+Moody died on the 4th of July in Cape Elizabeth, Maine, aged 104. Wm.
+Henry Williams of Cincinnati, died a few months ago at 102. James
+Fitzgerald of Prince Edwards Island, over a hundred years old, is
+still able to work. Mrs. Lydia Van Ranst lately died on East 16th
+Street, New York, aged 100 years and ten months; and Mrs. Johanna
+O'Sullivan in Boston in her 103d year. Mrs. Betsy Perkins of Rome, N.
+Y., was apparently in excellent health when she died suddenly at the
+breakfast table in her 101st year. Rev. Hugh Call died in Wayne
+County, Indiana, at 104. After his hundredth year he once fancied
+death was near, and sent for his family to see him die; but when they
+arrived in midwinter, they found the old man busy cutting wood to make
+a fire for his visitors.
+
+Many of these examples show that the faculties of both soul and body
+ought to be maintained in good condition to the last, as fruit falls
+from the trees ripe and perfect. When we leave our earthly tenement,
+we ought to leave it in a respectable condition, and not carry any
+infirmities from it to the better world.
+
+
+
+
+REMARKABLE FASTING.
+
+
+"Signor Merlatti, a young Italian, completed in December his fifty
+days' fast, at the Grand Hotel, Paris, in time to enjoy the
+festivities of the holidays. Unlike his rival, Succi, he partook of no
+mysterious elixir, but existed on water alone. At the conclusion of
+his feat, he was so nearly dead that the surgeons were anticipating by
+way of dissection more light on the effects of privation from food. He
+was barely able to move about without help. His stomach was unable to
+hold any solids, and at the big banquet over which he presided he
+could not have had a very convivial time, as he was unable to take a
+mouthful of food. He has since gradually recovered. Succi, meanwhile,
+is engaged in another fast. He fences and takes any amount of
+exercise, to show that his mysterious liquid is what does it."
+
+This is a little over the record of Dr. Tanner, but the result is very
+different. Dr. Tanner came out in good condition, with a splendid and
+healthy appetite. In the first twenty-four hours he ate something
+every hour or two, indulging largely in watermelons, milk, apples,
+beefsteak, potatoes, English ale, and Hungarian wine. He gained eight
+and a half pounds weight in thirty hours. Everybody was astonished,
+and the doctors were confounded; the crowd cheered, and the music
+resounded as the fast was finished and the feasting began in Clarendon
+Hall, the doctor being in as good health and spirits as when he began,
+except as to physical strength.
+
+Now it is proper to mention what I believe has not before been
+published, having been carefully concealed by Dr. Tanner. As he was
+encountering the whole force of a brutal prejudice in the medical
+profession, and trickery and falsehood were used to defeat him by Dr.
+Hammond and Dr. Landon C. Gray, (a shabby story indeed, if the whole
+truth is ever told,) Dr. Tanner did not think it safe to elicit any
+additional hostility by confessing his mediumship.
+
+The whole performance was a _triumph of spiritual power_! Dr. Tanner
+came to me in New York to aid him in giving a demonstration of his
+fasting power, which had been denied in an insolent and scurrilous
+manner by Dr. Hammond and others. Dr. Hammond, with a great deal of
+duplicity and unfairness, evaded the test, and it was carried out with
+the aid of other parties in a very satisfactory manner.
+
+The organization of Dr. Tanner was not such as I would have selected
+for a fasting performance, and he did not undertake it on his own
+resources alone. He was thoroughly a medium, and, when in my parlor,
+Indian spirits would take control of him, and carry him through a
+lively performance, speaking through his lips, and promising to
+sustain him through the fast; and they did. I have no doubt that with
+a suitable organization, such as is more frequently found in India
+than in America, a fast could be sustained by spirit power for six or
+twelve months. Indeed, there are records of such fasts in the old
+medical authors, which are omitted in all recent works. The spirit of
+dogmatic scepticism had carried the medical profession generally into
+such a depth of ignorance on these subjects that Dr. Landon C. Gray
+declared that a forty days' fast had never occurred, and that if Dr.
+Tanner attempted it, it must be assumed "that he will cheat at every
+turn."
+
+The kind of sentiment cultivated by colleges in the medical profession
+was shown by the deportment of the medical visitors. The report of the
+fast says:--
+
+"The most curious episodes, probably, on the whole, were afforded by
+the appearance of sceptics, and members of the medical profession from
+the country. Many of the latter came long distances to satisfy their
+respective curiosity, or vent their scepticism, as the case might be.
+As a rule they were long-visaged, not a few were unkempt, and many
+were downright seedy in wearing apparel. Almost invariably they
+insisted upon boring the doctor with numberless questions, many of
+which were idle. The majority displayed ignorance, and it might
+truthfully be said, they were rude almost without exception. One man
+insisted upon feeling Dr. Tanner's arms and legs; another wanted to
+feel his pulse; a third demanded a view of his tongue; a fourth
+declared food must be given to him surreptitiously, else he would be
+dead; a fifth wanted to search his pockets; the sixth asserted his
+professional reputation (_sic_) that there was fraud about the whole
+business; the seventh had some patent surgical, or other appliance,
+which he wished to test upon the patient; and yet another wanted to
+analyze even the water he used, before the faster drank it.
+
+"The effect of these boors in their constant inroads upon a fasting
+man, whose surroundings and conditions were not of the best, to say
+the least, may be easily imagined. When these fanatics were prevented
+by the watchers from extracting what little of life was left in the
+object of their devotions, their indignation took various forms of
+expression. As a rule they denounced the whole thing as a humbug, and
+every one participating as frauds. Now and then it became positively
+necessary, in common decency and self-respect, to show these
+charlatans the way to the door, notwithstanding their protests that
+they had paid twenty-five cents for the purpose of ventilating their
+empty heads. As a general thing, by Dr. Tanner's direction, the
+admission fee was returned to these people. Even on the thirty-ninth
+day, when the doctor desired all the quiet he could obtain, one of
+these gentry, who said he was a physician from Long Island, talked so
+loudly that he had to be called to order, and then nothing daunted, he
+asked the faster to go in his enfeebled condition to the south
+gallery, where his writing materials were, to prepare an autograph for
+the applicant. The _Herald_ reporter on watch at the time, through
+whom the request was made for the autograph, gave the fellow a settler
+by remarking, that he, as a layman, thought the first rudiments taught
+in the medical profession, were those of feelings of humanity.
+
+"Then the wits had their time of it. They showered in caricatures and
+doggerel by the barrel. None enjoyed these more than the doctor
+himself. By his direction the funniest of the cartoons were pasted
+against the wall of the gallery in which the doctor slept and the
+watchers sat. Above the whole was the legend in German text, 'Tanner
+Art Gallery,' and during the closing days and hours of the fast it was
+a source of much attraction and a great deal of merriment to the
+thousands of visitors who sought the place."
+
+Before the fasting began I witnessed an amusing specimen of the
+medical scepticism. One of the medical visitors inspected the hall
+closely, and finding in the back part that a piece of nearly worn out
+carpet remained on the floor, proceeded to rip it up and tear it away,
+as if he suspected there might be a trap door concealed.
+
+Medical education has been miserably cramped and benighted by the
+total ignoring of the nobler element of the human constitution.
+
+
+
+
+CEREBRAL PSYCHOLOGY.
+
+
+The comprehensive system of science developed by experiment on the
+brain, perfected by psychometric exploration, demonstrated by
+pathognomy, corroborated by personal experiences and the sensations of
+the head, enforced and illustrated by the study of comparative
+development throughout the animal kingdom, based upon anatomy,
+illustrated by pathology, and proven by every examination of a living
+head, as well as every scientific experiment upon the brain in
+sensitive and intelligent persons, has now been for forty years in the
+hot crucible of experimental physiological investigation by
+vivisection, ablation, autopsy, and electricity, and still remains as
+the solid gold of eternal science.
+
+The labors of Ferrier, Fritsch, Hitzig, Schiff, Bastian, Charcot, and
+others, have added many valuable facts; but no new fact can contradict
+a fact previously well observed, and nothing has occurred to dethrone
+the founder of cerebral science, Dr. Gall, who ranks immeasurably
+beyond all his contemporaries, and who prepared the way for the full
+development of Cerebral Psychology, resulting from the discovery of
+the _impressibility of the brain_, which has opened the entire realm
+of _cerebral psychology_, and through that has given us access to
+every realm of wisdom.
+
+The long expected and long promised work upon this subject cannot be
+published now, for it requires an amount of elaborate research and
+criticism to bring the new discoveries _en rapport_ with the
+investigations of more than a hundred physiologists and anatomists,
+whose labors should not be overlooked in a complete or systematic work
+uniting anatomy to psychology.
+
+Under these circumstances it is necessary and practicable, since my
+"System of Anthropology" has been entirely out of the market for
+thirty years, to present a concise exposition of cerebral psychology
+and physiology, to satisfy those who perceive the inadequacy of the
+Gallian system, and who are aware that my discoveries have thoroughly
+revolutionized as well as enlarged cerebral science, rendering the old
+term phrenology inadequate to express its present status.
+
+I propose therefore to publish in the successive numbers of this
+Journal a concise "Synopsis of Cerebral Science," giving as concisely
+as possible the outlines of that vast theme, in so clear and practical
+a manner that each reader can test its truth in nature by examining
+character, correcting the errors of phrenology, demonstrating the
+science by his own experiments, and applying its principles in the
+treatment of disease, in experimental investigation, in education,
+self-culture, and elocution. This may satisfy the urgent present
+demand, until time shall permit a satisfactory work, containing the
+illustrations and proofs, the important modern discoveries in cerebral
+anatomy and vivisecting experiments, as well as the vast and
+interesting philosophy into which we are led by cerebral science. The
+March number will contain the first instalment, and its publication
+will be continued through the volume.
+
+
+
+
+MUSIC.
+
+
+The claims of music were never so thoroughly presented as in the "New
+Education," in which it was shown that music was the most effective of
+all agents for the cultivation of man's higher nature, and the
+elevation of the world from its purgatory of selfishness, poverty, and
+crime. This idea was most fully realized by MRS. ELIZABETH THOMPSON,
+who has spent a considerable amount in promoting the currency and use
+of music, especially of a religious character.
+
+The idea that music should exercise a world redeeming power, and
+promote all social advancement, must appear strange, when first
+mentioned to those who are familiar only with fashionable operatic
+performances and the heartless style of vocal and instrumental music
+in vogue at the centres of musical education, which is robbed as
+thoroughly as possible of all ethical life, all soul inspiring power.
+
+There is music, however, which sways our noblest emotions, which can
+bring smiles to the face or tears to the eyes, hope to the dejected or
+courage to the timid,--which can rouse the strongest impulses of love
+and duty. The musical reformer who shall change the tide of popular
+music from its present low channels to that higher sphere of sweet and
+noble sentiments, will be far more than a Wagner,--aye, more than a
+Luther.
+
+Dr. Talcott, Superintendent of the Middleton, N. Y., State Asylum of
+the Insane, has introduced music into all of the wards of his
+institution with excellent results, judging from his last annual
+report, from which the following is extracted. "It is said, that
+before Moses dwelt upon the banks of the Nile, the Egyptians erected
+temples and altars for the treatment of the insane; and, among the
+most notable measures for the accomplishment of the cure of lunatics,
+music took an exalted rank. There can be no doubt that music exercises
+a potent influence in producing calm and restfulness in minds which
+are disturbed by cerebral diseases. Musical instruments have been
+provided in nearly every ward, and the results have been most
+favorable. Even turbulent patients will subside when the pleasures of
+music are afforded to them. One of the most effective attendants we
+ever had upon our disturbed wards was a good musician. After his work
+was done, he would sit down among his patients, and play upon the
+violin. Immediately the most excited persons in the ward would group
+themselves about him, and listen with profound attention so long as he
+continued to play for them. Where good music can be provided for the
+turbulent insane, there exists but little necessity for restraint of a
+physical nature."
+
+
+
+
+INSANITY.
+
+
+The tendency of modern civilization is toward insanity. It is
+increasing throughout Christendom, and far more where the boasted
+influences of modern education and the so-called progress are most
+fully realized. The whole fabric of education and society is unsound,
+and this is proved by the results.
+
+A true civilization advancing in wisdom must develop the ability to
+correct its own evils, but the civilization that we have is drifting
+on, downward and helpless.
+
+The philosophy of insanity and the philosophy of its remedial
+treatment can be found only in the profound study of the brain, and
+its relations to the soul and body. But there is not a glimmer of the
+psychic science of the brain to-day in our colleges. In due time, this
+theme shall be discussed in the Journal.
+
+A proper understanding of this subject will show what method of life
+and thought tends toward insanity, and by what methods we escape it.
+It will show also the relation of disease to insanity, and the proper
+methods of moral and physical treatment.
+
+
+
+
+MISCELLANY.
+
+
+OUR NARROW LIMITS AND FUTURE TASKS.--As the Journal goes to press I
+realize vividly how utterly inadequate a dollar monthly is for the
+expression of the new philosophy, even in the most condensed form, and
+for the periscope of progress that it should contain. A large amount
+of desirable matter is necessarily excluded. Nevertheless a modest
+beginning is prudent; for the vitality of a young journal, whether
+daily, weekly, or monthly, is as delicate as that of an infant. It is
+to be hoped that the friends of progress will secure patronage enough
+to the Journal this year to justify its enlargement in 1888. Meantime
+the minister whose circuit embraces many stations cannot visit them
+all each week. In like manner the JOURNAL OF MAN has too large a
+circuit to approach each of its themes every month. The science of man
+being the highest and most comprehensive of themes, occupies the chief
+position in the first number. Hereafter we must consider in succession
+such themes as
+
+  1. PSYCHOMETRY and its revelations; SPIRITUAL science and philosophy.
+  2. MEDICAL progress and reform; HYGIENE and temperance.
+  3. EDUCATIONAL principles and progress; PROGRESS in science and
+         invention.
+  4. The truth in RELIGION; the prevention of WAR.
+  5. LAND AND LABOR questions; the extinction of MONOPOLIES.
+  6. WOMAN'S rights and progress; the condition of the WORLD.
+
+And a score of other important themes. It may be two years before they
+can all be reached. Those who preserve their Journals will in time
+have a small library, embodying the knowledge that progressive minds
+would cherish.
+
+
+PALMISTRY.--Mr. E. Heron-Allen, a very intelligent gentleman from
+England, with a fashionable prestige, has been interesting the
+fashionables of New York and Boston in palmistry, or, as he calls it,
+cheirosophy, with considerable profit to himself. The human
+constitution is so unitary in itself that every portion reveals much
+of the whole. Physicians learn a great deal from the globules of the
+blood, others draw many inferences from the excretions. The amount of
+study given to the hand renders it probable that palmistry may have
+considerable value as a physiognomic science. As it comes now in a
+fashionable style it may flourish, but of course it was only a vulgar
+imposture when practiced by gypsies. Circumstances alter cases.
+
+
+SUICIDE.--Eight months of the present year show 150 suicides in the
+German army. Suicides will be greatly diminished when nations disband
+their armies.
+
+
+THEOSOPHIST REVIEWS.--The _Theosophist_, published at Madras, India,
+may be considered the leading organ of Oriental Theosophy; the _Path_,
+published at New York, bids fair as the American representative of the
+Theosophic School; and Lady Caithness, Duchesse de Pomar, has started
+at Paris a review devoted to theosophy and occult science.
+
+
+APPARITIONS OF THE DEAD.--Prof. Barrett of the English Psychical
+Research Society, states that: "It has been demonstrated almost as
+certainly as has been the law of gravitation, that scores of cases
+have occurred where some persons in one town, have, at a certain hour
+or minute, seen the figure of a friend flit across the room, and have
+afterwards discovered that at that very hour and minute the friend
+breathed his last in a distant town, or, may be, in a foreign country.
+Now these cases are inexplicable by any formula of science, yet that
+they have happened is scientifically proved."
+
+Notwithstanding the good intentions of some of the members of that
+society, its general conduct has been so unfair in its investigations
+that Stainton Moses, the vice-president, has felt it to be his duty to
+resign and withdraw. The truth is, the pioneers in philosophy can
+expect no cordial co-operation and no real justice from their oldtime
+opponents. The American Psychic Research Society is far behind the
+English.
+
+
+HUMAN RESPONSIBILITY.--A girl was taken before the Paris tribunal
+charged with stealing a blanket. She pleaded that she was under the
+influence of another person and could not help herself. In prison it
+was found that she was in a hypnotized condition, and acted readily
+under the commands of others, doing anything that was told her. She
+was examined by a commission of Chacrot, Brouardel, and Mollett, who
+reported that this condition came from the use of morphia, suffering,
+and hunger; that these suggestions from others, acting on an unstable
+nervous organism, greatly deranged by morphia and other causes,
+rendered her irresponsible for her acts. She was acquitted.
+
+
+HUMAN TAILS.--M. Eliseff presented to the French Anthropological
+Society a woman with a caudal appendage covered with hair. This
+anomaly was present in several of the maternal ancestors of the woman.
+
+
+MEN WHO LIVE IN TREES.--Dr. Louis Wolf, who made the sensational
+discovery a while ago that the Sankuru River afforded a more direct
+and more easily navigated route to Central Africa than the Congo, made
+another discovery in the course of the same journey which was quite as
+remarkable if not so important. On the banks of the Lomami River, far
+toward the centre of the continent, he says he found whole villages
+that were built in the trees. The natives, partly to protect
+themselves from the river when in flood, and partly to make it more
+difficult for their enemies to surprise them, build their huts on the
+limbs of the trees where the thick foliage almost completely hides the
+structures from view. The inmates possess almost the agility of
+monkeys, and they climb up or descend from their little houses with
+astonishing ease. It is believed they are the only Africans yet known
+who live in trees.
+
+In Borneo some of the natives are said to live in trees, and Mr.
+Chalmers, in his book on New Guinea, tells of a number of tree houses
+that he visited on that island. These huts, which are built near the
+tops of very high trees, are used for look-out purposes, or as a place
+of refuge for women and children in case of attack. They are perfect
+little huts with sloping roofs and platforms in front, to which
+extends the long ladder, by means of which the natives reach the huts.
+Mr. Gill describes one of these houses which was used as a residence.
+He says it was well built, but that it rocked uncomfortably in the
+wind.
+
+
+PROTYLE. The address of Professor William Crookes before the British
+Association, upon the "Genesis of the Elements," is one of the most
+important contributions to chemical philosophy that has been published
+for a long time. Reasoning from the recently discovered law of
+periodicity among the elements, he discusses the possibility of their
+being formed from the cooling of one primitive form of matter, which
+he calls _protyle_. While he admits that we have no direct evidence
+that the elements are different manifestations of the same form of
+matter, yet he thinks that the observed phenomena of chemistry and
+physics point very strongly to such a conclusion, and agrees with
+Faraday, that, "to decompose the metals, then to reform them, to
+change them from one to another, and to realize the once absurd notion
+of transmutation, are the problems now given to the chemist for
+solution." We consider Professor Crookes to be one of the most eminent
+scientists now living, and any views he may advance are entitled to
+serious consideration.--_Popular Science News._
+
+
+THE KEELEY MOTOR, at Philadelphia, which has long been regarded as a
+visionary or deceptive enterprise, is coming out now with the
+endorsement of engineers who have witnessed its operation and say that
+it develops a new power which cannot be accounted for by any of the
+known laws of dynamics. It may, however, be a long time before the
+proper machinery can be invented and constructed for bringing this
+power into use.
+
+
+
+
+HUMAN ANOMALIES, MOUNG PHOSET, MAHPHOON, AND THE GIANT WINKELMEIER.
+
+    [Illustration: MOUNG PHOSET.]    [Illustration: MAHPHOON.]
+
+
+Every departure from the stereotyped plan of humanity is an
+interesting proof of the vast capacities of nature, and therefore a
+prophecy of possible variation and grander development for the coming
+generations; hence the hairy family--Moung Phoset, his mother,
+Mahphoon, and the giant Winkelmeier--are deeply interesting to the
+anthropologist.
+
+WINKELMEIER, according to the _London Standard_, is now in London at
+the Pavilion, standing _eight feet, nine inches high_, a foot higher
+than Chang, the Chinese giant, and evidently the tallest man living.
+He was born in 1865, in Upper Austria. Neither his four brothers,
+parents, nor grandparents, are unusually tall. He is healthy, strong,
+and intelligent, and is expected to continue growing.
+
+MOUNG PHOSET, and his old mother, MAHPHOON, whose pictures are here
+given, are now in London on exhibition. They were the hairy family of
+King Theebaw of Burmah, and when Theebaw was captured by the British
+army, they escaped to the jungle, where they were robbed by Dacoits,
+but were recovered by Captain Piperno, and brought to England. Moung
+Phoset, like his mother, has his face and entire body covered by long,
+fine hair, from five to twelve inches long, which even fills the ears,
+and on the forehead is so long that it has to be drawn back over the
+ears to uncover the eyes. He is an intelligent and well-behaved man,
+and has a fair Burmese education. His wife, however, is a common
+Burmese woman. Moung Phoset, having no children, is the last of a
+hairy species, which it is said, originated in his great grandfather,
+who was caught wild in the forest between Upper Burmah and Siam.
+
+Hairy irregularities, according to Darwin, are associated with
+irregularities of the teeth. In Moung Phoset the molar teeth are
+deficient.
+
+
+
+
+BUSINESS DEPARTMENT.
+
+
+The BUSINESS DEPARTMENT of the Journal deserves the attention of all
+its readers, as it will be devoted to matters of general interest and
+real value. The treatment of the opium habit by Dr. Hoffman is
+original and successful. Dr. Hoffman is one of the most gifted members
+of the medical profession. The electric apparatus of D. H. Fitch is
+that which I have found the most useful and satisfactory in my own
+practice. Bovinine I regard as occupying the first rank among the food
+remedies which are now so extensively used. The old drug house of B.
+O. & G. C. Wilson needs no commendation; it is the house upon which I
+chiefly rely for good medicines, and does a very large business with
+skill and fidelity. The _American Spectator_, edited by Dr. B. O.
+Flower, is conducted with ability and good taste, making an
+interesting family paper, containing valuable hygienic and medical
+instruction, at a remarkably low price. It is destined to have a very
+extensive circulation. I have written several essays in commendation
+of the treatment of disease by oxygen gas, and its three compounds,
+nitrous oxide, per-oxide and ozone. What is needed for its general
+introduction is a convenient portable apparatus. This is now furnished
+by Dr. B. M. Lawrence, at Hartford, Connecticut. A line addressed to
+him will procure the necessary information in his pamphlet on that
+subject. He can be consulted free of charge.
+
+The spiritual newspapers, The Banner, The Religio-Philosophical
+Journal, Light for Thinkers, Golden Gate, Carrier Dove, and World's
+Advance Thought, embody a large amount of the leading truths of the
+age. He who does not read one of them robs himself of instruction and
+pleasure. Facts is just what its name indicates, a concise collection
+of interesting spiritual facts. Hall's Journal of Health has an
+established reputation, and of late is better conducted than ever.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+College of Therapeutics.
+
+The large amount of scientific and therapeutic knowledge developed by
+recent discoveries, but not yet admitted into the slow-moving medical
+colleges, renders it important to all young men of liberal minds--to
+all who aim at the highest rank in their profession--to all who are
+strictly conscientious and faithful in the discharge of their duties
+to patients under their care, to have an institution in which their
+education can be completed by a preliminary or a post-graduate course
+of instruction.
+
+The amount of practically useful knowledge of the healing art which is
+absolutely excluded from the curriculum of old style medical colleges
+is greater than all they teach--not greater than the adjunct sciences
+and learning of a medical course which burden the mind to the
+exclusion of much useful therapeutic knowledge, but greater than all
+the curative resources embodied in their instruction.
+
+The most important of these therapeutic resources which have sometimes
+been partially applied by untrained persons are now presented in the
+College of Therapeutics, in which is taught not the knowledge which is
+now represented by the degree of M. D., but a more profound knowledge
+which gives its pupils immense advantages over the common graduate in
+medicine.
+
+Therapeutic Sarcognomy, a science often demonstrated and endorsed by
+able physicians, gives the anatomy not of the physical structure, but
+of the vital forces of the body and soul as located in every portion
+of the constitution--a science vastly more important than physical
+anatomy, as the anatomy of life is more important than the anatomy of
+death. Sarcognomy is the true basis of medical practice, while anatomy
+is the basis only of operative surgery and obstetrics.
+
+Indeed, every magnetic or electric practitioner ought to attend such a
+course of instruction to become entirely skilful in the correct
+treatment of disease.
+
+In addition to the above instruction, special attention will be given
+to the science and art of Psychometry--the most important addition in
+modern times to the practice of medicine, as it gives the physician
+the most perfect diagnosis of disease that is attainable, and the
+power of extending his practice successfully to patients at any
+distance. The methods of treatment used by spiritual mediums and "mind
+cure" practitioners will also be philosophically explained.
+
+The course of instruction will begin on Monday, the 2d of May, and
+continue six weeks. The fee for attendance on the course will be $25.
+To students who have attended heretofore the fee will be $15. For
+further information address the president,
+
+        JOSEPH RODES BUCHANAN, M. D.
+                6 JAMES ST., BOSTON.
+
+The sentiments of those who have attended these courses of instruction
+during the last eight years were concisely expressed in the following
+statement, which was unanimously signed and presented to Dr. Buchanan
+by those attending his last course in Boston.
+
+"The undersigned, attendant, upon the seventh session of the College
+of Therapeutics, have been delighted with the profound and wonderful
+instructions received, and as it is the duty of all who become
+acquainted with new truths of great importance to the world, to assist
+in their diffusion, we offer our free and grateful testimony in the
+following resolutions:
+
+"_Resolved_, That the lectures and experiments of Prof. Buchanan have
+not only clearly taught, but absolutely demonstrated, the science of
+Sarcognomy, by experiments in which we were personally engaged, and in
+which we cannot possibly have been mistaken.
+
+"_Resolved_, That we regard Sarcognomy as the most important addition
+ever made to physiological science by any individual, and as the basis
+of the only possible scientific system of Electro-Therapeutics, the
+system which we have seen demonstrated in all its details by Prof.
+Buchanan, producing results which we could not have believed without
+witnessing the demonstration.
+
+"_Resolved_, That Therapeutic Sarcognomy is a system of science of the
+highest importance, alike to the magnetic healer, to the
+electro-therapeutist, and to the medical practitioner,--giving great
+advantages to those who thoroughly understand it, and destined to
+carry the fame of its discoverer to the remotest future ages."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+            The "Chlorine" Galvanic and Faradic Batteries.
+
+                       APPARATUS AND MATERIALS.
+
+  Description, Prices, and Testimonials Mailed Free, on Application.
+
+
+                     6 JAMES ST., BOSTON, MASS., February 8, 1886.
+
+D. H. FITCH, Cazenovia, N. Y.:
+
+DEAR SIR: Your last letter has a valuable suggestion. Your
+Carbon Electrodes ARE the very best now in use, and Metallic
+Electrodes are objectionable from the metallic influence they impart,
+even if no metal can be chemically traced into the patient.
+
+                                             J. R. BUCHANAN, M. D.
+
+
+                                      AURORA, ILL., Dec. 24, 1886.
+
+D. H. FITCH, Cazenovia, N. Y.:
+
+I am very glad to inform you that the battery which I purchased from
+you seven months ago is better than you represented it, and works as
+well to-day as it did on the first day.
+
+The cells have not been looked at since they were first placed in the
+cabinet. The battery is always ready and has never disappointed me.
+
+                                           Resp'y yours,
+                                                H. G. GABEL, M. D.
+
+
+                                  WORCESTER, MASS., Aug. 10, 1886.
+
+D. H. FITCH, Cazenovia, N. Y.:
+
+DEAR SIR: Over a year ago, as you will remember, I bought of
+you one of your "Chlorine Batteries" of twenty-five cells. This I
+placed in the cellar and connected with my office table for use there.
+It has been in almost daily use since without ever having to do the
+first thing to it, not even refilling, and now, after a year's
+service, I cannot see but that it runs just as well as it did the
+first day I used it, and the battery is just as clean as when put in,
+nor the least particle of corroding. This is a better record than any
+other battery can furnish with which I am acquainted. I can only say I
+am more than pleased with it, as every man must be who knows anything
+about electricity and has occasion to use a battery for medicinal
+purposes.
+
+                                               J. K. WARREN, M. D.
+
+
+                                WHITESTOWN, N. Y., April 15, 1886.
+
+D. H. FITCH, ESQ.:
+
+DEAR SIR: The "Chlorine Battery" is simply admirable, complete, just
+the thing.
+
+                                                SMITH BAKER, M. D.
+                                President Oneida Co. Med. Society.
+
+
+                                       TYLER, TEX., Feb. 11, 1886.
+
+D. H. FITCH, ESQ., Cazenovia, N. Y.:
+
+I am so well pleased with your "Chlorine Faradic Machine" that I now
+use it in preference to any other. The current is so smooth and
+regular that patients like it and seem to derive more benefit from it
+than from the same strength of current from any other battery that I
+have used. I would not be without it for many times its cost.
+
+                                              S. F. STARLEY, M. D.
+
+
+                             D. H. FITCH,
+
+                P.O. Box 75.         Cazenovia, N. Y.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+                    Religio-Philosophical Journal.
+
+                          ESTABLISHED 1865.
+
+                         PUBLISHED WEEKLY AT
+
+                     92 La Salle Street, Chicago,
+
+                          BY JOHN C. BUNDY,
+
+TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION IN ADVANCE:
+
+One copy, one year   $2.50
+
+Single copies, 5 cents. Specimen copy free.
+
+All letters and communications should be addressed, and all
+remittances made payable to
+
+                     JOHN C. BUNDY, Chicago, Ill.
+
+A Paper for all who Sincerely and Intelligently Seek Truth without
+regard to Sect or Party.
+
+Press, Pulpit, and People Proclaim its Merits.
+
+_Concurrent Commendations from Widely Opposite Sources._
+
+Is the ablest Spiritualist paper in America.... Mr. Bundy has earned
+the respect of all lovers of the truth, by his sincerity and
+courage.--_Boston Evening Transcript._
+
+I have a most thorough respect for the JOURNAL, and believe its editor
+and proprietor is disposed to treat the whole subject of spiritualism
+fairly.--_Rev. M. J. Savage (Unitarian) Boston._
+
+I wish you the fullest success in your courageous course.--_R. Heber
+Newton, D. D._
+
+Your course has made spiritualism respected by the secular
+press as it never has been before, and compelled an honorable
+recognition.--_Hudson Tuttle, Author and Lecturer._
+
+I read your paper every week with great interest.--_H. W. Thomas, D. D.,
+Chicago._
+
+I congratulate you on the management of the paper.... I indorse your
+position as to the investigation of the phenomena.--_Samuel Watson, D. D.,
+Memphis, Tenn._
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+                                THE
+
+                       WORLD'S ADVANCE THOUGHT,
+
+                    A SPIRITED MONTHLY NEWSPAPER,
+
+                          (28 x 42 inches,)
+
+                              DEVOTED TO
+
+                      Advanced Spiritual Ideas,
+
+         Is published at Salem, Oregon, at One Dollar a year.
+
+Remit by mail through a post-office order, or a draft on a bank or
+banking house in Salem. Send bank notes in registered letters only.
+Address
+
+                        Progressive Publishing Company,
+                                                    SALEM, OREGON.
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+                         LIGHT FOR THINKERS.
+
+             THE PIONEER SPIRITUAL JOURNAL OF THE SOUTH.
+
+                 Issued Weekly at Chattanooga, Tenn.
+
+                A. C. LADD           Publisher.
+                G. W. KATES          Editor.
+
+              Assisted by a large corps of able writers.
+
+                        Terms of Subscription:
+
+        One copy, one year                             $1.50
+        One copy, six months                             .75
+        One copy, three months                           .40
+        Five copies, one year, one address              6.00
+        Ten or more, one year, to one address, each     1.00
+              Single copy, 5 cents. Specimen copy free.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+                                FACTS,
+
+                         A MONTHLY MAGAZINE,
+
+                              DEVOTED TO
+
+                   Mental and Spiritual Phenomena,
+
+
+                              INCLUDING
+
+            Dreams, Mesmerism, Psychometry, Clairvoyance,
+           Clairaudience, Inspiration, Trance, and Physical
+                Mediumship; Prayer, Mind, and Magnetic
+                Healing; and all classes of Psychical
+                               Effects.
+
+               Single Copies, 10 Cents; $1.00 per year.
+
+                             PUBLISHED BY
+
+                      Facts Publishing Company,
+
+                     (Drawer 5323,) BOSTON, MASS.
+
+                      _L. L. WHITLOCK, Editor._
+
+
+             For Sale by COLBY & RICH, 9 Bosworth Street.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+                      HALL'S JOURNAL OF HEALTH,
+
+                          ESTABLISHED 1854.
+
+           _Published Monthly,         206 Broadway, N. Y._
+                         At $1.00 Per Annum.
+
+The next issue of this publication will complete its 33d volume. It is
+the CHEAPEST Family Health Periodical ever published, and well merits
+the liberal patronage it enjoys. To every present subscriber who will
+send us an additional one for the next volume we will remit a handsome
+premium.
+
+                               CAUTION.
+
+A paper called "Hall's Health Journal" is endeavoring to ride into
+popularity on the strength of our good name. Let not our patrons be
+deceived by it.
+
+                        HALL'S JOURNAL OF HEALTH,
+                                      206 Broadway, New York City.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+                          THE CARRIER DOVE,
+
+             An Illustrated Monthly Magazine, devoted to
+
+                       Spritualism and Reform.
+
+           Mrs. J. SCHLESINGER                EDITOR.
+
+Terms, $2.50 Per Year, Single Copies, 25 Cents.
+
+Each number will contain the portraits and biographical sketches of
+prominent mediums and spiritual workers of the Pacific coast, and
+elsewhere, and spirit pictures by our artist mediums; also lectures,
+essays, poems, spirit messages, editorial, and miscellaneous items.
+
+Address all communications to
+
+                          THE CARRIER DOVE
+                                     8541/2 Oakland St., California.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+                           BANNER OF LIGHT,
+
+                   THE OLDEST JOURNAL IN THE WORLD
+                            DEVOTED TO THE
+
+                        SPIRITUAL PHILOSOPHY.
+
+                            ISSUED WEEKLY
+
+          At 9 Bosworth Street (formerly Montgomery Place),
+                corner Province Street, Boston, Mass.
+
+                            COLBY & RICH,
+
+                     Publishers and Proprietors.
+
+                ISAAC B. RICH       BUSINESS MANAGER.
+                LUTHER COLBY        EDITOR.
+                JOHN W. DAY         ASSISTANT EDITOR.
+
+              _Aided by a large corps of able writers._
+
+THE BANNER is a first-class Family Newspaper of EIGHT
+PAGES--containing FORTY COLUMNS OF INTERESTING AND INSTRUCTIVE
+READING--embracing
+
+  A LITERARY DEPARTMENT.
+  REPORTS OF SPIRITUAL LECTURES.
+  ORIGINAL ESSAYS--Upon Spiritual, Philosophical and Scientific Subjects.
+  EDITORIAL DEPARTMENT.
+  SPIRIT-MESSAGE DEPARTMENT, and
+  CONTRIBUTIONS by the most talented writers in the world, etc., etc.
+
+                  TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION, IN ADVANCE:
+
+                     Per Year             $3.00
+                     Six Months            1.50
+                     Three Months           .75
+
+                            Postage Free.
+
+In remitting by mail, a post-office money order on Boston, or a draft
+on a bank or banking house in Boston or New York City, payable to the
+order of COLBY & RICH, is preferable to bank notes. _Our patrons can
+remit us the fractional part of a dollar in postage stamps--ones and
+twos preferred._
+
+ADVERTISEMENTS published at twenty cents per line for the first, and
+fifteen cents per line for each subsequent insertion.
+
+Subscriptions discontinued at the expiration of the time paid for.
+
+[Hand Pointing Right] _Specimen copies sent free._
+
+
+                            COLBY & RICH
+
+Publish and keep for sale at Wholesale and Retail a complete
+assortment of
+
+                 Spiritual, Progressive, Reformatory,
+                       and Miscellaneous Books.
+
+Any book published in England or America, not out of print, will be
+sent by mail or express.
+
+[Hand Pointing Right] Catalogues of books published and for sale by
+Colby & Rich, sent free.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+                         OPIUM and MORPHINE
+                                  HABITS
+                               EASILY CURED BY
+                                A NEW METHOD.
+
+                          DR. J. C. HOFFMAN,
+
+                      _JEFFERSON ... WISCONSIN._
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+                          OXYGEN TREATMENT.
+
+                         LOCAL AGENTS WANTED.
+
+                          For terms, address
+
+                 DR. B. M. LAWRENCE, Hartford, Conn.
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Buchanan's Journal of Man, February
+1887, by Various
+
+*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK JOURNAL OF MAN, VOL. 1, NO. 1 ***
+
+***** This file should be named 22336.txt or 22336.zip *****
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