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+Project Gutenberg's The Botanical Magazine, Vol. 6, by William Curtis
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: The Botanical Magazine, Vol. 6
+       Or, Flower-Garden Displayed
+
+Author: William Curtis
+
+Release Date: June 15, 2007 [EBook #21843]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ASCII
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE BOTANICAL MAGAZINE, VOL. 6 ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Jason Isbell, Janet Blenkinship and the Online
+Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This
+file made using scans of public domain works at the
+University of Georgia.)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+THE
+
+BOTANICAL MAGAZINE;
+
+OR,
+
+Flower-Garden Displayed:
+
+IN WHICH
+
+The most ornamental FOREIGN PLANTS, cultivated in the Open Ground, the
+Green-House, and the Stove, are accurately represented in their natural
+Colours,
+
+TO WHICH ARE ADDED,
+
+Their Names, Class, Order, Generic and Specific Characters, according to
+the celebrated LINNAEUS; their Places of Growth, and Times of Flowering:
+
+TOGETHER WITH
+
+THE MOST APPROVED METHODS OF CULTURE.
+
+A WORK
+
+Intended for the Use of such LADIES, GENTLEMEN, AND GARDENERS, as with
+which to become scientifically acquainted with the Plants they
+cultivate.
+
+By WILLIAM CURTIS,
+
+Author of the FLORA LONDINENSIS.
+
+VOL. VI.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+  ----"nor thou disdain
+  To check the lawless riot of the trees,
+  To plant the grove, or turn the barren mould
+  Oh happy he, whom, when his years decline,
+  (His fortune and his fame by worthy means
+  Attain'd, and equal to his mod'rate mind;
+  His life approv'd by all the wise and good,
+  Even envy'd by the vain) the peaceful groves
+  Of Epicurus, from this stormy world
+  Hereine in rest; of all ungrateful cares
+  Absolv'd, and sacred from the selfish crowd.
+  Happiest of men I if the same soil invites
+  A chosen few, companions of his youth,
+  Once fellow-rakes perhaps now rural friends;
+  With whom in easy commerce to pursue
+  Nature's free charms, and vie for Sylvan fame
+  A fair ambition; void of strife, or guile,
+  Or jealousy, or pain to be outdone.
+  Who plans th'enchanted garden, who directs
+  The visto best, and best conducts the stream;
+  Whose groves the fastest thicken, and ascend;
+  Whom first the welcome spring salutes; who shews
+  The earliest bloom, the sweetest proudest charms
+  Of Flora; who best gives Pomona's juice
+  To match the sprightly genius of Champain."
+
+                                          ARMSTRONG.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+  LONDON:
+
+  PRINTED BY STEPHEN COUCHMAN,
+  For W. CURTIS, N^o 3, _St. George's-Crescent_, Black-Friars-Road;
+  And Sold by the principal Booksellers in Great-Britain and Ireland.
+  M DCC XCIII.
+
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+
+[181]
+
+COLUTEA FRUTESCENS. SCARLET BLADDER SENNA.
+
+_Class and Order._
+
+DIADELPHIA DECANDRIA.
+
+_Generic Character._
+
+     _Cal._ 5-fidus. _Legumen_ inflatum, basi superiore dehiscens.
+
+_Specific Character and Synonyms._
+
+     COLUTEA _frutescens_ fruticosa, foliolis ovato-oblongis. _Linn.
+     Syst. Vegetab. ed. 14. Murr, p. 668._ _Ait. Hort. Kew. V. 3. p.
+     56._ _Mill. Icon. 99._
+
+     COLUTEA aethiopica, flore purpureo. _Breyn. Cent. 70. t. 29._
+
+
+Of the several species of Colutea cultivated in our garden the one here
+figured, is distinguished by the brilliancy of its' flowers, the
+largeness of its pods, and the downy appearance of the under side of its
+leaves.
+
+It appears from the _Hortus Kewensis_ to have been cultivated by Mr.
+JAMES SUTHERLAND as long since as the year 1683 it was not however
+generally introduced to our gardens till the time of MILLER, who figured
+it in his _Icones_, it was then understood to be an AEthiopian plant; Mr.
+AITON since describes it as a native of the Cape also; of course, we
+find it more tender than most of its kindred, and hence it is usually
+regarded as a greenhouse plant; yet, as it is not destroyed by a small
+degree of frost, it will frequently, like the myrtle survive a mild
+winter in the open border, especially if trained to a wall: it is rarely
+of more than two or three years duration.
+
+It is readily raised from seeds sown in the open ground, plants from
+which flower the August following, and, in favourable seasons, ripen
+their seeds; in order, however, that they may ripen them with more
+certainty, MILLER, recommends the sowing them early on a gentle hot-bed.
+
+A dry soil suits this species best.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+[182]
+
+SALVIA AUREA. GOLDEN SAGE.
+
+_Class And Order._
+
+DECANDRIA MONOGYNIA.
+
+_Generic Character._
+
+     _Cor._ inaequalis. _Filamenta_ transverse pedicello affixa.
+
+_Specific Character and Synonyms._
+
+     SALVIA _aurea_ foliis subrotundis integerrimis, basi truncatis
+     dentatis. _Linn. Syst. Veget. ed. 14. Murr. p. 71._ _Ait. Hort.
+     Kew. V. 1. p. 45._
+
+     SALVIA _Africana_ frutescens folio subrotundo glauco, flore magno
+     aureo. _Comm. Hort. 2. 183. t. 92._
+
+
+Such as are delighted with the singular rather than the beautiful
+appearances of plants, cannot fail of ranking the present species of
+sage among their favourites.
+
+It been called _aurea_, from the colour of its flowers, _ferruginea_
+would perhaps have been more expressive of them; when they first open
+indeed they are of a yellow colour, but they quickly and constantly
+become of the colour of rusty iron.
+
+The leaves are nearly round, and have a pleasing silvery hue: a few of
+them only, and those chiefly at the extremities of the young shoots, are
+of the form described by LINNAEUS in his specific character of the plant,
+and hence COMMELIN'S description (_vid. Syn._) is to be preferred, as
+leading us with more certainty to a knowledge of the plant; the colour
+of the leaves, the colour and unusual magnitude of the blossoms, are
+indisputably the most striking features of the species, and therefore to
+be resorted to: for my own part, as a friend to the advancement of the
+science, rather than as the follower of that great man, I see no good
+reason why colour should not in many instances, especially where
+expressive characters are wanting, form a part of the specific character
+in plants, as well as in animals: we are told indeed of its inconstancy.
+I would ask--who ever saw the colour of the leaves or blossoms of the
+present plant to vary? and, on the contrary, who ever saw its leaves
+constant in their form?
+
+The _Salvia aurea_ is a native of the Cape, and was cultivated by Mr.
+MILLER in 1731, it is a hardy greenhouse plant, is readily propagated by
+cuttings, and flowers from May to November.
+
+If suffered to grow, it will become a shrub of the height of six or
+seven feet.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+[183]
+
+SYRINGA VULGARIS. COMMON LILAC.
+
+_Class and Order._
+
+DIANDRIA MONOGYNIA.
+
+_Generic Character._
+
+     _Cor._ 4-fida. _Capsula_ bilocularis.
+
+_Specific Character and Synonyms._
+
+     SYRINGA _vulgaris_ foliis ovato-cordatis integris. _Linn. Syst.
+     Veget. ed. 14. Murr. p. 57._ _Ait. Hort. Kew. V. 1. p. 15._
+
+     SYRINGA caerulea, _Bauh. Pin. 398._
+
+     LILAC sive Syringa caerulea. The blew Pipe tree. _Park. Parad. p.
+     407._
+
+
+Few shrubs are better known in this country than the Lilac few more
+universally cultivated; there is scarcely a cottage it does not enliven,
+or a shrubbery it does not beautify.
+
+It has long had a place in our gardens; both GERARD and PARKINSON
+describe two sorts, the blue and the white; to these another sort is
+added by more modern writers, superior in beauty to the original, as
+producing larger bunches of flowers, of a brighter hue, having more of
+the purple tint and hence called by some the purple Lilac, MILLER
+considers the three as different species.
+
+The flowers of the Lilac possess a considerable degree of fragrance, but
+not of the most agreeable kind; our readers perhaps, will not be
+displeased to hear the opinion of old GERARD on this point, delivered in
+his own words:--"They have a pleasant sweete smell, but in my judgement
+they are too sweete, troubling and molesting the head in very strange
+manner: I once gathered the flowers, and laid them in my chamber window,
+which smelled more strongly after they had lien together a few howers,
+with such a ponticke and unacquainted savor, that they awaked me from
+sleepe, so that I could not take any rest until I had cast them out of
+my chamber."[1]
+
+Though a native of Persia, it bears our severest winters without injury,
+has a pleasing appearance when in bud, flowers in May, and is readily
+propagated by suckers; but finer plants, in the opinion of MILLER, are
+raised from seeds.
+
+It will grow in almost any soil or situation, even in London, but, to
+flower well, it must have a pure air.
+
+[Footnote 1: The name, indeed, of one of our colours is taken from its
+blossoms.
+
+     This Quotation from Gerard referring to its Smell belongs to the
+     Philadelphus coronarius or Mock-orange which both by him and
+     Parkinson is called Syringa, & which led to the Mistake.]
+
+
+
+
+[184]
+
+IXIA CROCATA. SAFFRON-COLOUR'D IXIA.
+
+_Class and Order._
+
+TRIANDRIA MONOGYNIA.
+
+_Generic Character._
+
+     _Cor._ 6-partita, campanulata, regularis. _Stigmata_ 3.
+
+_Specific Character and Synonyms._
+
+     IXIA _crocata_ foliis ensiformibus, floribus secundis corolia
+     basi hyalino-fenestratis. _Thunb. Diss. de Ixia._ _Linn. Syst. Veg.
+     ed. 14. Murr. p. 85._
+
+     IXIA _crocata_ foliis ensiformibus, floribus alternis, tubo
+     longitudine bractearum, corollae laminis ovatis integerrimis basi
+     hyalinis. _Ait. Hort. Kew. p. 60. V. 1._
+
+     IXIA planifolia, caule multifloro spatha brevissima. _Mill. Ic.
+     160. t. 239. f. 2._
+
+
+To the Cape of Good Hope, that never-failing source of rare and
+beautiful plants, we are indebted for most of our Ixias, and among
+others for the present species, which though not of that value, nor
+possessing the delicacy or fragrance of the blossoms of some others, is
+a very desirable plant, not only as an object of curiosity, from the
+transparency of the base of the corolla, but as it adds much to the
+brilliancy of a collection, is easily obtained, and as easily
+propagated.
+
+It flowers in May and June, but its flowering may be prolonged by
+putting its bulbs into pots at different periods, or accelerated by
+artificial heat.
+
+It produces offsets more plentifully than many of the genus.
+
+Mr. AITON informs us that it was cultivated by Mr. MILLER in 1758, who
+figures it in his _Icones_.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+[185]
+
+CORONILLA VALENTINA. RUE-LEAVED CORONILLA.
+
+_Class and Order._
+
+DIADELPHIA DECANDRIA.
+
+_Generic Character._
+
+     _Cal._ 2-labiatus: 2/3: dentibus superioribus connatis. _Vexillum_
+     vix alis longius. _Legumen_ isthmis interceptum.
+
+_Specific Character and Synonyms._
+
+     CORONILLA _valentina_ fruticosa, foliolis subnovenis, stipulis
+     suborbiculatis. _Linn. Syst. Vegetab. ed. 14. Murr. p. 669._ _Ait.
+     Hort. Kew. V. 3. p. 58._
+
+     POLYGALA valentina. _Clus. hist. pl. rar. p. 98. fig. inf._
+
+
+The _Coronilla valentina_ comes very near to the _glauca_ already
+figured in this work, but may be distinguished by a little attention;
+the _valentina_ has smaller leaves, which are more numerous, and more
+truly glaucous; the stipulae, which in the _glauca_ are small, narrow,
+and pointed, in the _valentina_ are large, and almost round, and in the
+young plant are strikingly conspicuous; as the plant comes into flower,
+they drop off; the _valentina_ is not so much disposed to flower the
+year through as the _glauca_, but produces its blossoms chiefly in May,
+June, and July; the flowers of the _glauca_ are observed to smell more
+strongly in the day-time, those of the _valentina_ at all times diffuse
+a very powerful odour, so as even to scent a small greenhouse; we have
+often been amused with hearing the different opinions entertained of
+this smell, some speaking of it in terms of rapture, others ready to
+faint when they approach it: the flowers of the _valentina_ are more
+disposed to produce seed-vessels than those of the _glauca_, the seeds
+of which usually ripen well, and afford the means of increasing the
+plant most readily. To have a succession of small handsome bushy plants
+for the greenhouse, the old ones must either be frequently cut down, or
+young ones raised from seed, or cuttings, the stems as they grow up
+becoming naked at bottom.
+
+It is a hardy greenhouse plant, and may be kept well enough through the
+winter in a common hot-bed frame, or planted against a south wall, and
+matted as myrtles usually are in such situations; we have known the
+_glauca_, treated in prove a charming ornament.
+
+It is a native of Spain, growing, as CLUSIUS informs us, by road-sides,
+in sandy places, and on the declivities of hills.
+
+Cultivated here in 1656, by J. TRADESCANT, jun. H. K.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+[186]
+
+SELAGO OVATA. OVAL-HEADED SELAGO.
+
+_Class and Order._
+
+DIDYNAMIA ANGIOSPERMIA.
+
+_Generic Character._
+
+     _Cal._ 5-fidus. _Cor._ tubus capillaris; limbus subaequalis, _Sem._
+     1.
+
+_Specific Character and Synonyms._
+
+     SELAGO _ovata_ spicis strobilinis ovatis terminalibus, foliis
+     sparsis linearibus, caule fruticoso. _L'Herit. Stirp. nov. tom. 2.
+     t. 33._ _Ait. Hort. Kew. V. 2. p. 355._
+
+     LIPPIA _ovata_ capitulis ovatis, foliis linearibus integerrimis.
+     _Linn. Mant. p. 89._
+
+
+LINNAEUS in his _Mantissa_ has somewhat largely described this plant
+under the name of _Lippia ovata_, evidently from a dried specimen, which
+may account for the flowers being described of a dark violet colour; he
+recommends it to such as might have an opportunity of seeing the living
+plant, to observe if it was not referable to some other genus;
+accordingly Mons. L'HERITIER, who, when lately in England, saw it in the
+royal garden at Kew, joined it to the genus _Selago_, retaining the
+trivial name of _ovata, bractaeata_ would perhaps have been a better
+name; for though its ovate inflorescence may be peculiar to the species,
+its bracteae or floral leaves are so very singular that they constitute
+the most prominent feature of the plant.
+
+Mr. AITON informs us, that it was introduced to the royal garden at Kew,
+from the Cape, by Mr. MASSON, in 1774.
+
+It recommends itself not so much on account of its beauty, curious
+structure of its flowering spikes, and the fragrance of its blossoms.
+
+It is a greenhouse plant, and flowers during most of the summer; its
+blossoms are white with a yellow spot on the two uppermost, and
+sometimes on all the segments of the corolla, and an orange spot at the
+mouth of the tube.
+
+Is propagated by cuttings.
+
+
+
+
+[187]
+
+IRIS SAMBUCINA. ELDER-SCENTED IRIS.
+
+_Class and Order._
+
+TRIANDRIA MONOGYNIA.
+
+_Generic Character._
+
+     _Cor._ 6-petala, inaequalis, petalis alternis geniculato-patentibus.
+     _Stigmata_ petaliformia cucullato-bilabiata. _Thunb. Diss. de
+     Iride._
+
+_Specific Character and Synonyms._
+
+     IRIS _sambucina_ barbata, foliis ensiformibus glabris erectis
+     brevioribus scapo multifloro, petalis deflexis planis. _Linn. Syst.
+     Vegetab, ed. 14. Murr._ _Thunb. loc. cit. n. 10._ _Ait. Hort. Kew.
+     v. 1. p. 69._
+
+     IRIS latifolia germanica, sambuci odore. _Bauh. Pin. 31._
+
+     IRIS Camerarii sive purpurea versicolor major. The greater variable
+     coloured purple Flower-de-Luce. _Park. Par. p. 181._
+
+
+This species of Iris, said to be a native of the South of Europe,
+derives its name from the smell of its flowers, which very much
+resembles that of elder in bloom.
+
+It is one of the tallest and handsomest of the genus, in a rich moist
+soil acquiring the height of three feet or more; it is therefore more
+proper for the shrubbery than the flower-garden.
+
+It flowers about the latter end of May, and is readily increased by
+parting its roots in autumn.
+
+The Iris of PARKINSON, referred to in the synonyms, accords so exactly
+with our plant, in every circumstance but smell, which is not mentioned,
+that we have no doubt but it was cultivated in our gardens in his time.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+[188]
+
+CONVOLVULUS NIL. AZURE CONVOLVULUS.
+
+_Class and Order._
+
+PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA.
+
+_Generic Character._
+
+     _Cor._ Campanulata, plicata. _Stigmata_ 2. _Caps._ 2-locularis:
+     loculis dispermis.
+
+_Specific Character and Synonyms._
+
+     CONVOLVULUS _Nil_ foliis cordatis trilobis, corollis
+     semiquinquefidis, pedunculis petiolo brevioribus. _Linn. Syst. Veg.
+     ed. 14. Murr. p. 209._ _Ait. Hort. Kew. v. 1. p. 209._
+
+     CONVOLVULUS caeruleus hederaceo anguloso folio. _Bauh. Pin. p. 295._
+
+     NIL Arab. _Gef. hor. Eyst._
+
+     CONVOLVULUS Caeruleus. Blew Bindweed. _Ger. Herb. p. 715. cum ic._
+
+     CONVOLVULUS trifolius five hederaceus purpureus. The greater purple
+     Bindeweede or Bell-Flower with cornered leaves. _Park. Parad. Pl.
+     361. fig. 2._
+
+
+All our writers on exotic botany treat of this plant, GERARD, one of the
+first, gives us the following account: "This beautiful Bindweed, which
+we call _Convolvulus Caeruleus_, is called of the Arabians _Nil_: of
+_Serapio_, _Hab al nil_, about Alepo and Tripolis in Syria, the
+inhabitants call it Hasmisen, the Italians _Campana azurea_, of the
+beautifull azured flowers and also _Fior de notte_, bicause his beautie
+appeereth most in the night:" he informs us, that it grew in his garden,
+but perished before it ripened its seeds. PARKINSON says, it thrives
+remarkably well in our country, if the year be any thing kindly: MILLER
+informs us, that it is a native of Africa and America, extols it as one
+of the most beautiful of the genus, observes, that it is a very distinct
+species from the purpurea, of which it has been considered by some as a
+variety; that it will grow to the height of eight or ten feet, that in
+favourable seasons the seeds will ripen in the open air, and that it
+requires the same treatment as other annuals usually raised on a
+hot-bed. Mr. AITON considers it as a stove plant, as indeed most of our
+tender annuals properly are.
+
+It flowers from July to September.
+
+Though apparently common in our gardens formerly, it is now very rarely
+met with.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+[189]
+
+ERICA GRANDIFLORA. GREAT-FLOWERED HEATH.
+
+_Class and Order._
+
+OCTANDRIA MONOGYNIA.
+
+_Generic Character._
+
+     _Cal._ 4-phyllus. _Cor._ 4-fida. _Filamenta_ receptaculo inferta.
+     _Antherae_ bifidae. _Caps._ 4-locularis.
+
+_Specific Character and Synonyms._
+
+     ERICA _grandiflora_ antheris muticis exfertis, corollis
+     cylindraceis subincurvis glabris, stylo elongato, floribus
+     axillaribus pedunculatis, foliis subsenis acerosis glabris. _Ait.
+     Hort. Kew. vol. 2. p. 25._
+
+     ERICA _grandiflora_ foliis quaternis, stylo exserto, corolla
+     cylindrica, calyce simplici, floribus lateralibus subcurvatis.
+     _Linn. Suppl. Pl. p. 223._
+
+
+The Erica here figured, is one of the many new and beautiful species,
+which within these few years have been sent from the Cape by Mr. MASSON,
+and which have contributed so greatly to enrich the royal garden at Kew.
+
+The description given of the _grandiflora_ in the _Suppl. Plant_.
+accords so ill with our plant, that we should be led to consider it as
+another species, did not the respectable authority of the _Hortus
+Kewensis_ silence all doubts on that head.
+
+The blossoms of this species, whether we regard their magnitude, their
+colour, their smooth and glossy surface, or the regular position of the
+filaments, projecting beyond the corolla, and closing together by the
+antherae, excite our notice, and claim our admiration.
+
+Like every other heath, the hardy ones excepted, it is a greenhouse
+plant, and flowers from May to July.
+
+Our drawing was made from a plant finely blown, in the collection of
+JAMES VERE, Esq. Kensington-Gore.
+
+
+
+
+[190]
+
+ORNITHOGALUM AUREUM. GOLDEN ORNITHOGALUM.
+
+_Class and Order._
+
+HEXANDRIA MONOGYNIA.
+
+_Generic Character._
+
+     _Cor._ 6-petala, erecta, persistens, supra medium patens,
+     _Filamenta_ alterna basi dilatata.
+
+_Specific Character and Synonyms._
+
+     ORNITHOGALUM _aureum_ foliis ovato-lanceolatis, albomargmatis,
+     floribus racemosis confertis, filamentis nectario emarginato
+     infidentibus.
+
+
+We have bestowed on this plant the name of _aureum_, from the colour of
+its blossoms, which are usually of a bright orange or gold colour; in
+some specimens we have observed them of a paler hue, and consequently
+less beautiful.
+
+This highly ornamental species is of modern introduction, having been
+received by Mess. LEE and KENNEDY, a few years since from the Cape, of
+which it is a native.
+
+The root is a whitish bulb, resembling in size and shape that of the
+_Lachenalia tricolor_, figured on plate 82 of this work, from whence
+spring three or four smooth, somewhat fleshy, upright, dark-green
+leaves, about half an inch wide, and three or four inches long, edged
+with white, and, if magnified, appearing fringed with very fine hairs or
+villi; the stalk is naked, from eight to twelve inches high, supporting
+many flowers, which spring from the alae of large, hollow, pointed
+bracteae, and which opening one after another, keep the plant a
+considerable time in flower; according to LINNAEUS'S generic character,
+every other filament should be dilated at the base, in the present
+species each filament is so, or rather sits as it were on a white
+glandular nectary, emarginated on the inside, and highly deserving of
+notice.
+
+In the greenhouse, where this plant has hitherto been kept, its blossoms
+come forth as early as January and February, and continue for several
+months; they will long display their beauty, if the stem be cut off and
+put in a phial of water.
+
+It is propagated by offsets from its bulbs, and has the appearance of
+being a plant of kindly growth and easy management.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+[191]
+
+PRIMULA MARGINATA. SILVER-EDGED PRIMULA.
+
+_Class and Order._
+
+PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA.
+
+_Generic Character._
+
+_Specific Character and Synonyms._
+
+     PRIMULA _marginata_ foliis obovatis serrato-dentatis albo
+     marginatis, scapo multifloro, involucri foliolis pedunculis
+     brevioribus.
+
+
+There is no difficulty in determining the British plants of this genus,
+but much in ascertaining many of the foreign ones: Professor JACQUIN has
+taken great pains to elucidate them in his _Miscel. Austr._ where
+fifteen are specifically described, none of which accord exactly with
+the plant here figured, which has every appearance of being a distinct
+species: in the _Hortus Kewensis_ it is described as the _glutinosa_ of
+the _Flora Austriaca_, with which it agrees in many respects, but
+specimens sent from Vienna shew it to be a different plant; in its
+farinaceous tendency it accords with the _Primula Auricula_, but is very
+unlike that plant as it is figured in its wild state by Prof. _Jacquin_,
+in the _Fl. Austr._ the leaves being much narrower, the flowers larger,
+and of a different colour; it differs from _glutinosa_ in the shortness
+of its involucrum, from _villosa_ (already figured) in having leaves
+much narrower, perfectly smooth in respect to villi, and in the colour
+of its blossoms, which approach that of the Lilac, but more especially
+in its disposition to become mealy, particularly on the edges of its
+leaves, between the serratures, where it is so strong as to make the
+leaf appear with a white or silvery edge; as this character is constant
+to it, and not to any other species of Primula that we are acquainted
+with, we have given to it the name of _marginata_.
+
+Mr. _Lee_ received it from the Alps in the year 1781, and it has
+continued in our gardens ever since unaltered by culture.|
+
+It is a very delicate pretty plant, with a pleasing musky smell, and
+flowers in March and April. To succeed in its cultivation, it should be
+placed in a pot of stiffish loam, mixed with one-third rotten leaves,
+bog earth, or dung, and plunged in a north border, taking care that it
+does not suffer for want of water in dry seasons; thus treated, it
+increases by its roots nearly as readily as the Auricula, and may be
+propagated by parting its' roots early in April or September. |
+
+[Illustration]
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+[192]
+
+CYPRIPEDIUM ACAULE. TWO-LEAVED LADY'S SLIPPER.
+
+_Class and Order._
+
+GYNANDRIA DIANDRIA.
+
+_Generic Character._
+
+     Nectarium ventricosum, inflatum, cavum.
+
+_Specific Character and Synonyms._
+
+     CYPRIPEDIUM _acaule_ radicibus fibrosis, foliis oblongis
+     radicalibus. _Ait. Hort. Kew. V. 3. p. 303._
+
+     HELLEBORINE _Calceolus_ dicta, mariana, foliis binis e radice ex
+     adverso prodeuntibus, flore purpureo _Pluk. Mant. 101; t. 418. f.
+     1._
+
+     CYPRIPEDIUM _humile_--Corolla labio superiore rhomboideo acuminato
+     lateribus deflexo subtus carina angustissima obtusa, inferiore
+     petalis longiore antice fisso. _Transact. Linn. Soc. V. 1. p. 76.
+     t. 3. f. 4._
+
+We have not figured the present species of Cypripedium so much on
+account of its beauty as of its rarity, for it is far less handsome than
+any of the other species that we are acquainted with.
+
+It is a native of different parts of North-America, and flowers with us
+in May.
+
+There is little difficulty in distinguishing it from the other foreign
+species, it has rarely more than two radical leaves, a very short
+flowering stem compared with the others, a large nectary in proportion
+to its size, which in the specimens we have seen has been divided on its
+upper part, through its whole length, so as in fact to destroy in a
+great degree that shoe or slipper-like form, from which this genus has
+taken its name.
+
+Like the rest of the family, it requires a little extraordinary care in
+its culture; its roots should be placed in a pot filled with loam and
+bog-earth, or rotten leaves, well mixed, and plunged in a north border,
+where in severe seasons it will be proper to shelter it; if the whole
+border be formed of the same soil or compost the pot will be less
+necessary.
+
+Our drawing was made from a plant growing with Messrs. GRIMWOOD and Co.
+Kensington.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+[193]
+
+NARCISSUS ANGUSTIFOLIUS. NARROW-LEAVED NARCISSUS.
+
+_Class and Order._
+
+HEXANDRIA MONOGYNIA.
+
+_Generic Character._
+
+     _Petala_ 6 aequalia. _Nectario_ infundibuliformi, 1-phyllo.
+     _Stamina_ intra nectarium.
+
+_Specific Character and Synonyms._
+
+     NARCISSUS _poeticus_ spatha uniflora, nectario rotato brevissimo
+     scarioso crenulato. _Linn. Syst. Vegetab. ed. 14. Murr. p. 317._
+     _Sp. Pl. ed. 3. p. 414._
+
+     NARCISSUS uniflorus, foliis ensiformibus, scypho brevissimo. _Hall.
+     Hist. n. 1250._
+
+     NARCISSUS albus circulo purpureo. _Bauh. Pin. p. 48._ _Magnol. Bot.
+     Monsp. p. 181._
+
+     NARCISSUS poeticus medio purpureus. _Lob._
+
+     NARCISSUS medio purpureus. _Dod. Pempt. p. 223. f. 1._
+
+     NARCISSUS medio purpureus praecox. Timely purple ringed Daffodil.
+     _Ger. Herb. p. 108. f. 2._ also _praecocior, fig. 3._ and
+     _praecocissimus, fig. 4._
+
+     NARCISSUS medio purpureus praecox. The early purple ringed Daffodil.
+     _Park. Parad. p. 76. t. 75. f. 3._
+
+     NARCISSUS latifol. classis altera, lin. 7. alterum vero, &c. _Clus.
+     Hist. Pl. rar. lib. 2. p. 156._
+
+
+Under the name of _poeticus_ three different species of Narcissus
+appearing perfectly distinct (though similar in many respects) and
+regarded as such by the old Botanists, have been confounded by the
+moderns, viz.
+
+  Narcissus albus circulo purpureo, v et vi         }
+  Narcissus albus magno odoro flore circulo pallido,} C. Bauh.
+  Narcissus pallidus circulo luteo                  }
+
+  Narcissus medio purpureus praecox,   }
+  Narcissus medio purpureus serotinus,} Park Parad.
+  Narcissus medio luteus vulgaris,    }
+
+The first of these, the one here figured is evidently the _poeticus_ of
+_Linnaeus_, judging by the authors to whom he refers in the third edition
+of his _Spec. Pl._ which are indeed few in number, and confined chiefly
+to _Bauh. Pin._ _Dodonaeus_; of the second, and third, he takes no
+notice.
+
+The two former ones of these have the greatest affinity, inasmuch as
+they both produce for the most part only one flower, of a white colour,
+having a very short nectary, edged with orange; to both of these
+LINNAEUS'S specific description is equally applicable, as well as the
+trivial name of _poeticus_, given them indiscriminately by several of
+the old Botanists, some regarding the first, some the second as the
+plant mentioned by THEOCRITUS[2], VIRGIL[3], and OVID[4]; unfortunately
+both of them are found to grow in the same meadows, and have the same
+obvious appearances, it is therefore utterly impossible to say which of
+the two was the Narcissus of the poets; if we have the greatest
+difficulty in ascertaining what the plants were of the _Botanists_ of
+those times, how are we to discover what the _Poets_ meant, who with
+very few exceptions have been unpardonably inattentive to the
+appearances of nature. Since then the term _poeticus_ is equally
+suitable to both, and as there cannot be two with the same name, we have
+thought it best to get rid of it altogether, and substitute others which
+tend in a certain degree to discriminate the several species,
+denominating the
+
+  1st. _angustifolius._
+  2d. _majalis._
+  3d. _biflorus._
+
+The _angustifolius_ here figured is a native of the South of Europe, and
+said by MAGNOL and CLUSIUS to grow spontaneously in the meadows about
+Narbonne and Montpelier.
+
+It flowers in our gardens early in April, about a month before the
+_biflorus_, and full six weeks sooner than the _majalis_, increases
+readily by offsets, and succeeds best in a soil that is moderately
+moist. In what respects it differs from the two others, will be
+mentioned when they come to be figured.
+
+[Footnote 2:
+
+  Florida sed postquam venere in prata puellae,
+  His illa, haec aliis se floribus oblectabant;
+  Narcisso illa quidem bene olente, atq; illa Hyacintho.]
+
+[Footnote 3:
+
+  Pro molli Viola, pro purpureo Narcisso,
+  Carduus et spinis surgit Paliurus acutis.]
+
+[Footnote 4:
+
+  Nusquam corpus erat, croceum pro corpore florem
+  Inveniunt, foliis medium cingentibus albis.]
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+[194]
+
+FRITILLARIA IMPERIALIS. CROWN IMPERIAL.
+
+_Class and Order._
+
+HEXANDRIA MONOGYNIA.
+
+_Generic Character._
+
+     _Cor._ 6-petala, campanulata, supra ungues cavitate nectarifera.
+     _Stam._ longitudine corollae.
+
+_Specific Character and Synonyms._
+
+     FRITILLARIA _imperialis_ racemo comoso inferne nudo, foliis
+     integerrimis. _Linn, Syst. Vegetab. ed. 14. Murr. p. 324._ _Ait.
+     Kew. v. 1. p. 432._
+
+     LILIUM sive Corona Imperialis. _Bauh. Pin. p. 79._
+
+     TUSAI sive Lilium Persicum. _Clust. Hist. 1. p. 127._
+
+     CORONA IMPERIALIS. The Crowne Imperiall. _Park. Par. p. 27. tab.
+     29. f. 1._
+
+
+The Crown Imperial, a native of the East, most probably of Persia, was
+introduced according to DODONAEUS, into the gardens of the emperor and
+some of the nobility at Vienna in 1576; it appears to have been
+cultivated here as early as 1596: both GERARD and PARKINSON describe it
+minutely, the latter on account of its "stately beautifulness, gives it
+the first place in his garden of delight."
+
+It flowers usually in the beginning of April; the whole plant sends
+forth a strong unpleasant smell, compared by most writers to that of a
+fox, perceptible when you approach it; to this effluvia PARKINSON
+endeavours to reconcile us by saying that it is not unwholesome; it is
+so disagreeable however, that few choose to have many of these plants,
+or those in the most frequented parts of their gardens, yet it ought not
+to be proscribed, for independent of its beauty, there is much in it to
+admire, and especially its singular Nectaria, which in the form of a
+white glandular excavation decorate the base of each petal; in these
+usually stands a drop of clear nectareous juice; the peduncle or
+flower-stalk which bends downwards when the plant is in flower, becomes
+upright as the seed ripens.
+
+Of this plant, as of all others which have long been objects of culture,
+there are many varieties; those most generally cultivated in our gardens
+are the common orange-flowered single and double, yellow single and
+double, gold-striped leaved, and silver-striped leaved; the Dutch in
+their catalogues enumerate thirteen varieties.
+
+Luxuriant plants will sometimes produce a second and even a third whorl
+or crown of flowers, and the flat-stalked ones which are monsters, have
+been known to produce seventy-two blossoms, but none of these are found
+to be constant.
+
+The Crown Imperial, though a native of a much warmer climate than ours,
+is a hardy bulb, and not very nice in regard to soil, succeeds best in
+such as is stiffish, enriched with manure, and placed in a sheltered
+situation.
+
+Is propagated by offsets, which are produced in tolerable abundance.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+[195]
+
+CHEIRANTHUS MUTABILIS. CHANGEABLE WALL-FLOWER.
+
+_Class and Order._
+
+TETRADYNAMIA SILIQUOSA.
+
+_Generic Character._
+
+     _Germen_ utrinque denticulo glandulato. _Cal._ clausus foliolis
+     duobus basi gibbis. _Sem._ plana.
+
+_Specific Character._
+
+     CHEIRANTHUS _mutabilis_ foliis lanceolatis acuminatis argute
+     serratis, caule frutescente, siliquis pedunculatis. _Ait. Hort.
+     Kew. v. 2. p. 395._
+
+
+The present species of _Cheiranthus_, unknown both to MILLER and
+LINNAEUS, was first described in the _Hortus Kewensis_ of Mr. AITON, who
+informs us that it was introduced to the Royal Garden in 1777, and found
+wild in the Island of Madeira by Mr. MASSON.
+
+Its chief merit as an ornamental plant consists in its early flowering;
+its blossoms which are shewy contribute to enliven the green-house in
+March and April; on their first expanding, they are white, in some
+plants (for they are subject to great variation) inclined to yellow, in
+a few days they become purple; to this change of colour observable also
+in the _Cheiranthus maritimus_ already figured, it owes its name of
+_mutabilis_.
+
+In sheltered gardens at the foot of a wall, we have known this species
+survive a mild winter; it seems indeed to be almost as hardy as the
+common stock; it is most commonly however kept in the green-house.
+
+The usual way of propagating this species, which is of ready and quick
+growth, is by cuttings, which should be put into the ground as soon as
+the plant has done flowering; these if properly treated will become
+handsome plants to place in the green-house at the approach of Winter,
+and to decorate it the ensuing Spring; in like manner may the
+green-house be annually recruited with many similar plants to great
+advantage.
+
+
+
+
+[196]
+
+SAXIFRAGA CRASSIFOLIA. OVAL-LEAVED SAXIFRAGE.
+
+_Class and Order._
+
+DECANDRIA DIGYNIA.
+
+_Generic Character._
+
+     _Cal._ 5-partitus. _Cor._ 5-petala. _Caps._ 2-rostris, 1-locularis,
+     polysperma.
+
+_Specific Character and Synonyms._
+
+     SAXIFRAGA _crassifolia_, foliis ovalibus retusis obsolete serratis
+     petiolatis, caule nudo, panicula conglomerata. _Linn. Sp. Pl ed. 3.
+     p. 573._ _Syst. Vegetab. ed. 14. Murr. p. 412._
+
+     SAXIFRAGA foliis ovalibus crenulatis, caulibus nudis. _Gmel. Sib.
+     4. p. 166. t. 66._
+
+
+The term _grandifolia_ would have been more applicable to this species
+of Saxifrage than _crassifolia_, for it is not so much distinguished for
+the thickness as the largeness of its leaves; these are almost equal in
+size to those of our broad-leaved Dock, red on the under and of a fine
+shining green on their upper surface; they may be ranked indeed among
+the more handsome kinds of foliage; the flowering stems, according to
+the richness and moisture of the soil in which they are planted, rise
+from one to two or even three feet high; at top supporting a large bunch
+of purple pendulous flowers, which blossom in April and May, and, if the
+season prove favourable, make a fine appearance. Should cold winds
+prevail at the time of their flowering, which they are very apt to do,
+the plants should be covered with a hand-glass; or, if in a pot, it may
+be removed into the green-house, which they will not disgrace.
+
+Is found spontaneously on the Alps of Siberia, and, according to Mr.
+AITON, was introduced in 1765 by Dr. SOLANDER. No plant is more readily
+increased by parting its roots, which may be done either in spring or
+autumn.
+
+There is another Saxifrage in our gardens exceedingly like this in
+appearance, but differing, in producing larger bunches of flowers, and
+in having larger, rounder, and more heart-shaped leaves; Mr. AITON
+regards this as a variety of the _crassifolia_, we are inclined to
+consider it as a species under the name of _cordifolia_. The parts of
+fructification in the _crassifolia_ are apt to be preternaturally
+increased.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+[197]
+
+NARCISSUS BIFLORUS. TWO-FLOWER'D NARCISSUS.
+
+     NARCISSUS _biflorus_ spatha biflor, nectario brevissimo scarioso.
+
+     NARCISSUS pallidus circulo luteo. _Bauh. Pin. p. 50._
+
+     NARCISSUS medio luteus. _Dod. Pempt. p. 223. f. 2._
+
+     NARCISSUS medio luteus. Primrose Peerles, or the common white
+     Daffodil. _Ger. Herb. p. 110. f. 6._
+
+     NARCISSUS medio luteus vulgaris. The common white Daffodill, called
+     _Primrose Peerlesse_. _Park. Par. P. 74. t. 75. f. 1._
+
+     NARCISSUS latifol classis altera, lin. 1. Nascuntur, &c. ad
+     intellexisse. _Clus. Hist. Pl. rar. lib. 2. p. 156._
+
+
+Both GERARD and PARKINSON describe and figure this plant, informing us
+that it was very common in the gardens in their time; the former indeed
+mentions it as growing wild in fields and sides of woods in the West of
+England; the latter says he could never hear of its natural place of
+growth. CLUSIUS reports that he had been credibly informed of its
+growing wild in England; it probably may, but of this it remains for us
+to be more clearly ascertained; it undoubtedly is the plant mentioned by
+RAY in his Synopsis.
+
+As it grows readily, increases in a greater degree than most others and
+is both ornamental and odoriferous, it is no wonder that we meet with it
+in almost every garden, and that in abundance, flowering towards the end
+of April, about three weeks later than the angustifolia. It usually
+produces two flowers, hence we have called it biflorus; it frequently
+occurs with one, more rarely with three, in a high state of culture it
+probably may be found with more; when it has only one flower it may
+easily be mistaken for the _majalis_, but may be thus distinguished from
+it; its petals are of a more yellow hue, the nectary is wholly yellow,
+wanting the orange rim, it flowers at least three weeks earlier; but the
+character, which by observation we have found most to be depended on,
+exists in the flowering stem, the top of which in the biflorus, very
+soon after it emerges from the ground, bends down and becomes elbowed,
+as our figure represents; in the _majalis_, it continues upright till
+within a short time of the flowers expanding.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+[198]
+
+INDIGOFERA CANDICANS. WHITE-LEAVED INDIGO.
+
+_Class and Order._
+
+DIADELPHIA DECANDRIA.
+
+_Generic Character._
+
+     _Cal._ patens. _Cor._ carina utrinque calcari subulato patulo.
+     _Legumen_ lineare.
+
+_Specific Character and Synonyms._
+
+     INDIGOFERA _candicans_ foliis ternatis lanceolato-linearibus subtus
+     sericeis, spicis pedunculatis paucifloris, leguminibus cylindraceis
+     rectis. _Ait. Hort. Kew. V. 3, p. 67._
+
+
+Of the genus _Indigofera_, twenty-three species are enumerated in Prof.
+MURRAY'S edition of the _Syst. Vegetab._ of LINNAEUS; ten in the _Hortus
+Kewensis_ of Mr. AITON; in which last work only, the present plant,
+distinguished by the whiteness of its stalks and of the underside of its
+leaves, is described, and in which we are informed, that it is a native
+of the Cape, from whence it was introduced by Mr. MASSON in 1774.
+
+Its principal period of flowering is from about the beginning of May to
+the middle of June, at which time it is highly ornamental in the
+green-house: strong healthy plants produce from five to eight blossoms
+in a spike: on a plant growing with Mr. COLVILL, Nurseryman,
+King's-Road, Chelsea, we once counted nine: a few of these usually
+produce seed-vessels containing perfect seeds, by which the plant is
+mostly propagated; it may also be raised by cuttings, but not very
+readily.
+
+
+
+
+[199]
+
+ASTER ALPINUS. ALPINE ASTER.
+
+_Class and Order._
+
+SYNGENESIA POLYGAMIA SUPERFLUA.
+
+_Generic Character._
+
+     _Recept._ nudum. _Pappus_ simplex. _Cor._ radii plures 10. _Cal._
+     imbricati squamae inferiores patulae.
+
+_Specific Character and Synonyms._
+
+     ASTER _alpinus_ foliis subspathulatis hirtis integerrimis, caulibus
+     simplicibus unifloris. _Ait. Hort. Kew. p. 198._
+
+     ASTER _alpinus_ foliis spatulatis hirtis: radicalibus obtusis,
+     caule simplicissimo unifloro. _Linn. Syst. Vegetab. p. 761._ _Jacq.
+     Fl. Austr. V. 1. t. 88._
+
+     ASTER montanus caeruleus, magno flore, foliis oblongis. _Bauh. Pin.
+     p. 267._
+
+
+CLUSIUS and JACQUIN, by both of whom this species of Aster is figured
+and described, inform us, that it grows spontaneously on the Austrian
+Alps: of the many hardy herbaceous species cultivated in our garden,
+this is by far the most humble in is growth; in its wild state acquiring
+the height of about four inches, and when cultivated, rarely exceeding
+eight or nine: its blossoms for its size are large and shewy, making
+their appearance much earlier than any of the others, viz. about the end
+of May and beginning of June, and continuing in blossom three weeks or a
+month.
+
+It is readily propagated by parting its roots in the autumn, may be kept
+in pots, or planted in the open border, prefers a moist stiffish soil;
+if carefully watered in dry weather, will grow among rock-work, for
+which, from its size, it is well adapted.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+[200]
+
+ANTIRRHINUM SPARTEUM. BRANCHING TOAD-FLAX.
+
+_Class and Order._
+
+DIDYNAMIA ANGIOSPERMIA.
+
+_Generic Character._
+
+     _Cal._ 5-phyllus. _Cor._ basis deorsum prominens nectarifera.
+     _Caps._ 2-locularis.
+
+_Specific Character and Synonyms._
+
+     ANTIRRHINUM _sparteum_ foliis subulatis canaliculatis carnosis:
+     inferioribus ternis, caule paniculato corollisque glaberrimis.
+     _Linn. Syst. Vegetab. ed. 14. Murr. p. 555._ _Ait. Hort. Kew. 2. p.
+     333._
+
+
+The drawing here exhibited gives but a faint idea of the elegant and
+lively appearance which this plant assumes when it grows in a tuft, and
+a number of its branches are in blossom at the same time.
+
+It is a hardy annual, of small stature, a native of Spain, and flowers
+during most of the summer.
+
+Was introduced into this country, according to Mr. AITON, in 1772, by
+Mons. RICHARD, and deserves to be much more generally cultivated.
+
+Some regard it as a biennial, but as seeds of it sown in the spring
+flower the ensuing summer, and as the plant dies when it has ripened its
+seeds, there appears more propriety in considering it as an annual.
+
+It is to be sown in the same manner as other hardy annuals; will flower
+earlier if the seeds have been raised in autumn.
+
+The upper part of the stalk, as well as the leaves of the calyx, are
+beset with viscous hairs, in which respect it does not perfectly accord
+with LINNAEUS's description. _Vid. Sp. Pl. ed. 3. p. 854._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+[201]
+
+PELARGONIUM BICOLOR. TWO-COLOURED CRANE'S-BILL.
+
+_Class and Order._
+
+MONADELPHIA HEPTANDRIA.
+
+_Generic Character._
+
+     _Cal._ 5-partitus: lacinia suprema desinente in tubulum capillarem,
+     nectariferum, secus pedunculum decurrentem. _Cor._ 5-petala,
+     irregularis. _Filam._ 10, inaequalia: quorum 3 (raro 5) castrata.
+     _Fructus_ 5-coccus, rostratus: _rostra_ spiralia, introrsum
+     barbata.
+
+_Specific Character and Synonyms._
+
+     PELARGONIUM _bicolor_ umbellis multifloris, foliis ternatifidis
+     lobatis dentatis undulatis villosis. _L'Herit. n. 64._ _Ait. Hort.
+     Kew. v. 2. p. 425._
+
+     GERANIUM bicolor. _Jacq. Hort. 3. p. 23. t. 39._ _Cavan. diss. 4.
+     p. 248. t. 111. f. 1._
+
+
+In every numerous tribe of plants, many of the species approach so near
+to each other, that there is much difficulty in distinguishing them;
+this objection cannot be urged against the present plant, which
+obviously differs from all the others of the same genus in the
+particular shape of its leaves and the colour of its blossoms, the
+latter are usually of a rich and very dark purple edged with white, from
+whence we apprehend it takes its name of _bicolor_; the colours however
+are scarcely distinct enough to justify such a name.
+
+Mr. AITON informs us in his _Hort. Kew._ that this very ornamental
+species was introduced in the year 1778, by JOHN, the late Earl of BUTE,
+but of what country it is a native, does not appear to be ascertained.
+
+Our drawing was made from a plant in the collection of Messrs. GRIMWOOD
+and Co. Kensington, with whom it flowers from June to August.
+
+It is not disposed to ripen its seeds, nor is it very readily increased
+by cuttings.
+
+
+
+
+[202]
+
+LUPINUS PERENNIS. PERENNIAL LUPINE.
+
+_Class and Order._
+
+DIADELPHIA DECANDRIA.
+
+_Generic Character._
+
+     _Cal._ 2-labiatus. _Antherae_ 5, oblongae 5, subrotundae. _Legumen_
+     coriaceum.
+
+_Specific Character and Synonyms._
+
+     LUPINUS _perennis_ calycibus alternis inappendiculatis: labio
+     superiore emarginato; inferiore integro. _Linn. Syst. Vegetab. ed.
+     14. Murr. p. 655._ _Ait. Kew. v. 3. p. 28._
+
+     LUPINUS calycibus alternis, radice perenni repente. _Fl. Virg.
+     172._
+
+     LUPINUS caeruleus minor perennis virginianus repens. _Moris. hist.
+     2. p. 87. s. 2. t. 7. f. 6._
+
+     LUPINUS floribus caeruleis inodoris, in spicas longas digestis,
+     radice reptatrice. _Clayt. n. 779._
+
+
+Every species of Lupine described in the _Species Plantarum_ of LINNAEUS,
+and in the _Hortus Kewensis_ of Mr. AITON, except the one here figured,
+are annuals; till another perennial one therefore shall be discovered,
+the term _perennis_ will be strictly applicable to the present plant.
+
+Its root is not only of the kind just mentioned, but creeping also; Mr.
+_Miller_ informs us, that he traced some of them belonging to plants of
+a year old, to the depth of three feet, they also spread out far and
+wide; hence the roots even of young plants are with difficulty taken up
+entire, and as they do not succeed well by transplanting, if the root be
+cut or broken, our excellent author prefers raising this elegant plant
+from seed, which, though not very plentifully produced, ripen in July
+and August; care must be taken to gather them as soon as ripe.
+
+It is a native of Virginia, and appears to have been cultivated in the
+Botanic Garden at Oxford, as long since as 1658.
+
+Flowers from May to July.
+
+Is a hardy perennial, succeeding best in a dry situation, with a loam
+moderately stiff.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+[203]
+
+GERANIUM ANGULATUM. ANGULAR-STALKED CRANE'S-BILL.
+
+_Class and Order._
+
+MONADELPHIA DECANDRIA.
+
+_Generic Character._
+
+     _Cal._ 5-phyllus. _Cor._ 5-petala, regularis. _Nect._ glandulae 5,
+     melliferae, basi longiorum filamentorum adnatae. _Fructus_ 5-coccus,
+     rostratus: _rostra_ simplicia, nuda, (nec spiralia nec barbata).
+
+_Specific Character and Synonyms._
+
+     GERANIUM _angulatum_ foliis radicalibus subpartitis incisis
+     hirsutis, caule erecto subangulato, petalis venosis.
+
+
+Having cultivated the Geranium here figured for a series of years, we
+are perfectly satisfied of its being a species altogether distinct from
+any of the hardy and more ornamental plants of that genus usually
+cultivated in our gardens.
+
+It is obviously distinguished by two characters, the angular appearance
+of its stalk (whence our name of _angulatum_) and its flesh-coloured
+blossoms, marked with veins of a deeper red.
+
+In size it stands between _pratense_ and _aconitifolium_, in its
+blossoms it has some affinity to _striatum_ and _lancastriense_, but
+veins are not so strongly marked as in the former, and it differs from
+the latter in having an upright stalk.
+
+It usually flowers in May, and frequently again in autumn; is a hardy
+perennial, and easily increased either by seeds or parting its roots.
+
+Of what country it is a native, or when it was first introduced, we have
+yet to learn; we first observed it in a nursery near town, where it is
+regarded as a very different species.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+[204]
+
+RANUNCULUS ACONITIFOLIUS. MOUNTAIN CROWFOOT, or FAIR MAIDS OF FRANCE.
+
+_Class and Order._
+
+POLYANDRIA POLYGYNIA.
+
+_Generic Character._
+
+     _Cal._ 5-phyllus. _Petala_ 5-intra ungues poro mellifero. _Sem._
+     nuda.
+
+_Specific Character and Synonyms._
+
+     RANUNCULUS _aconitifolius_ foliis omnibus quinatis lanceolatis
+     inciso-serratis. _Linn. Syst. Vegetab. ed. 14. Murr. p. 516._ _Ait.
+     Kew. v. 1. p. 267._
+
+     RANUNCULUS folio aconiti, flore albo multiplici. _Bauh. Pin. 179._
+
+     RANUNCULUS montanus albus flore pleno. The double white mountain
+     Crowfoot. _Park. Parad. p. 219. f. 9._
+
+     Double white Bachelors Buttons. _Ger. Herb. p. 812. f. 1._
+
+
+This is one of those plants which derives its beauty from the
+multiplication of its petals; in its single state no one would think it
+deserving of culture as an ornamental plant: when double, few plants
+come in for a greater share of admiration.
+
+It is a native of the Alps of Europe, and flowers in May and June.
+
+Was very generally cultivated in our gardens in the times of GERARD and
+PARKINSON.
+
+Like most alpine plants, it requires a pure air, and succeeds best in a
+situation moderately moist and shady; is a hardy perennial, and may be
+increased by parting its roots in autumn.
+
+In all seasons, with us, its foliage, as well as that of most other
+Crowfoots, is liable to be disfigured, and sometimes nearly destroyed,
+by a very small maggot which feeds betwixt, the coats of the leaf, and
+which ultimately produces a small fly, called by us _Musca Ranunculi_.
+
+
+
+
+[205]
+
+ANTIRRHINUM ALPINUM. ALPINE TOAD-FLAX.
+
+_Class and Order._
+
+DIDYNAMIA ANGIOSPERMIA.
+
+_Generic Character._
+
+     _Cal._ 5-phyllus. _Cor._ basis deorsum prominens, nectarifera.
+     _Caps._ 2-locularis.
+
+_Specific Character and Synonyms._
+
+     ANTIRRHINUM _alpinum_ foliis quaternis lineari-lanceolatis glaucis,
+     caule diffuso, floribus racemosis, calcari recto. _Linn. Syst.
+     Vegetab. ed. 14. Murr. p. 556._ _Ait. Hort. Kew. v. 2. p 335._
+     _Jacq. Fl. Austr. v. 1. t. 58._
+
+     ANTIRRHINUM caule procumbente breviter spicato, foliis
+     verticillatis. _Hall. Hist. p. 338._
+
+     LINARIA quadrifolia supina. _Bauh. Pin. p. 213._
+
+     LINARIA tertia styriaca. _Clus. Hist. 1. p. 322._
+
+
+Professor JACQUIN, in describing the flowers of this plant, calls them
+_elegantissimi_; and to one of its varieties HALLER applies the epithet
+_pulcherrima_: such testimonies in its favour will, we presume, be
+sufficient to recommend it to our readers.
+
+It is a native of various mountainous parts of Europe, affecting moist,
+stony situations,[5] and flowers during most of the summer: is a hardy
+perennial[6], according to the celebrated author of the _Fl. Austriaca_;
+Mr. AITON, in his _Hort. Kew._ marks it as a biennial. It is
+nevertheless apt to be lost, like other small alpine plants, for want of
+proper treatment and care.
+
+Mr. AITON informs us on the authority of LOBEL, that it was cultivated
+here by Mr. HUGH MORGAN, in 1570.
+
+May be propagated by cuttings, as well as by seeds, which however are
+not very plentifully produced with us.
+
+Succeeds best when kept in a pot, or on rock-work, which it is well
+suited to decorate.
+
+[Footnote 5: In saxosis udis alpium. _Jacq._]
+
+[Footnote 6: Radix perennis. _Jacq._]
+
+[Illustration]
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+[206]
+
+GERANIUM ANEMONEFOLIUM. ANEMONE-LEAV'D GERANIUM.
+
+_Class and Order._
+
+MONADELPHIA DECANDRIA.
+
+_Generic Character._
+
+     _Cal._ 5-phyllus. _Cor._ 5-petala, regularis. _Nect._ glandulae 5
+     melliferae basi longiorum filamentorum adnatae. _Fructus_ 5-coccus,
+     rostratus; _rostra_ simplicia nec spiralia nec barbata. _L. Herit.
+     Geran._
+
+_Specific Character and Synonyms._
+
+     GERANIUM _anemonefolium_ foliis palmatis; foliolis pinnatifidis,
+     caule fruticoso. _L. Herit. n. 6. t. 36._
+
+     GERANIUM palmatum. _Cavan. Diss. 4. p. 216. t. 84. f. 2._
+
+
+Before the appearance of the _Hortus Kewensis_, _laevigatum_ was the term
+usually applied to this species of Geranium, by Botanists here, and that
+on account of the smooth and glossy appearance of its leaves; in that
+work Mr. AITON adopts the word _anemonefolium_, by which Mons. L.
+HERITIER had distinguished this species, from an idea that their shape
+afforded a more expressive character than their smoothness. We regret
+that the small size of our plate will not admit of our giving
+representation of those leaves, and of their mode of growth, which so
+strikingly characterizes the plant and adds so considerably to its
+beauty.
+
+Mr. AITON informs us that this species is a native of Madeira, from
+whence it was introduced here by Mr. FRANCIS MASSON in 1778.
+
+It flowers from May to September, is usually and readily raised from
+seeds, nor is it so tender as many other green-house plants.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+[207]
+
+DIANTHUS BARBATUS. BEARDED PINK OR SWEET WILLIAM.
+
+_Class and Order._
+
+DECANDRIA DIGYNIA.
+
+_Generic Character._
+
+     _Cal._ cylindricus 1-phyllus: basi squamis 4. _Petala_ 5
+     unguiculata. _Capsula_ cylindrica, 1-locularis.
+
+_Specific Character and Synonyms._
+
+     DIANTHUS _barbatus_ floribus aggregatis fasciculatis: squamis
+     calycinis ovato-subulatis tubum aequantibus, foliis lanceolatis.
+     _Linn. Syst. Vegetab. ed. 14. Murr. p. 17._ _Ait. Kew. v. 2. p.
+     88._
+
+     CARYOPHYLLUS hortensis barbatus latifolius. _Bauh. Pin. 208._
+
+     ARMERIUS latifolius simplex. Single Sweete Williams. _Park. Parad.
+     p. 321._
+
+
+LINNAEUS, in his _Spec. Pl._ appears not to have known of what country
+the Sweet William was a native, and even in the _Hortus Kewensis_, this
+circumstance is left undecided; yet DODONAEUS, in his _Pemptades_[7],
+mentions its being found wild in Germany, and PROF. HOFFMAN confirms
+this in his _Germanys Flora_[8].
+
+At the time DODONAEUS wrote (1552) this plant was cultivated in the
+Netherlands, from whence it was probably introduced to this country,
+where it certainly is one of the oldest inhabitants of our gardens.
+
+Beautiful as are the numerous varieties of this species of Dianthus,
+Florists have not deemed it worthy of that peculiar attention which they
+have bestowed on its more favoured relatives the Pink and Carnation, and
+hence it probably has not arrived at that degree of improvement of which
+it is capable; our figure is intended to represent one of the most
+esteemed of its kind, viz. the _Painted Lady_ variety, which has a deep
+rich purple eye, surrounded with a pure white, having the edge of the
+petals slightly indented; but our colours fall far short of the beauties
+of the original.
+
+Besides single flowers producing an infinite variety of colours, there
+are several double varieties of the Sweet William, some of which are
+observed to have more scent than others.
+
+To possess these plants in perfection, we must renew them yearly; for
+though the root be perennial, it is apt to decay, especially if the soil
+in which it grows be either very moist, or very dry; or if the air be
+not pure, the single sorts must be raised from seeds, which should be
+saved from the choicest flowers; the double sorts may be increased by
+cuttings, pipings, or layers, in the same manner, and at the same time
+as Pinks and Carnations; the seed should be sown early in April, the
+seedlings transplanted into a bed in June, taking advantage of a wet day
+and placed about six inches asunder each way; in September they will be
+fit to transplant into the flower border, where they will blossom the
+ensuing summer, during the months of June and July, and ripen their seed
+in August.
+
+[Footnote 7: In petrosis collibus et asperis, fabulosis apricisque
+locis, apud Germanos nascitur. _Pempt. p. 177._]
+
+[Footnote 8: Sponte in sylvaticis, montosis (Carn. Siles. Tubing)
+Germanys Fl. 1791. p. 147.]
+
+
+
+
+[208]
+
+MELISSA GRANDIFLORA. GREAT-FLOWER'D BALM.
+
+_Class and Order._
+
+DIDYNAMIA GYMNOSPERMIA.
+
+_Generic Character._
+
+     _Cal._ aridus, supra planiusculus; labio superiore subfastigiato.
+     _Corollae_ lab. super. subfornicatum, 2-fidum; labium inf. lobo
+     medio cordato.
+
+_Specific Character and Synonyms._
+
+     MELISSA _grandiflora_ pedunculis axillaribus dichotomis longitudine
+     florum. _Linn. Syst. Vegetab. ed. 14. Murr. p. 542._ _Ait. Kew. v.
+     2. p. 315._
+
+     CALAMINTHA magno flore. _Bauh. Pin. 229._
+
+     CALAMINTHA montana praestantior. The more excellent Calamint. _Ger.
+     Herb. p. 556._ as to the name. _Ger. emac. 687._ as to the figure.
+
+
+The _Melissa grandiflora_, a beautiful and hardy perennial, grows
+spontaneously on the hilly and mountainous parts of France, Italy, and
+Germany; GERARD mentions it as found wild in this country, which stands
+in need of further confirmation; there is little doubt, however, but he
+had cultivated the plant; as he says, "brought into the garden, it
+prospereth marvellous well and very easily soweth itself."
+
+It is the more valuable, as it flowers during most of the summer.
+
+There is a variety of it with white, and another with red flowers, both
+much inferior in size to those of the plant here figured, and therefore
+not worth cultivating; we have a variety also with variegated leaves
+which we obtained from seeds.
+
+This plant is readily propagated by parting its roots in autumn, and may
+also be raised from seeds, which are plentifully produced: as it rarely
+exceeds a foot in height, it becomes a suitable plant for the small
+flower border, or for the decoration of rock-work.
+
+The leaves when bruised have the smell of garden balm.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+[209]
+
+HIBISCUS TRIONUM. BLADDER HIBISCUS.
+
+_Class and Order._
+
+MONADELPHIA POLYANDRIA.
+
+_Generic Character._
+
+     _Cal._ duplex: exterior polyphyllus. _Caps._ 5-locularis,
+     polysperma.
+
+_Specific Character and Synonyms._
+
+     HIBISCUS _Trionum_ foliis tripartitis incisis, calycibus inflatis.
+     _Linn. Syst. Vegetab. ed. 14. Murr. p. 631._ _Ait. Kew. v. 2. p.
+     458._
+
+     TRIONUM _Linn. Hort. cliff. 349._
+
+     ALCEA vesicaria. _Bauh. Pin. 317._
+
+     ALCEA peregrina five vesicaria. Venice Mallow, or Good night at
+     noone. _Park. Parad. p. 368. 307. f. 2._
+
+
+Seeds of the plant here figured are sold in the seed-shops under the
+name of Venice Mallow, a name by which it was known in the time of
+GERARD and PARKINSON: Mr. AITON has changed this for the more scientific
+one of Bladder Hibiscus. Authors have also distinguished this plant by
+terms expressive of the short-lived expansion of its flowers, which
+GERARD says open at eight o'clock in the morning and close about nine,
+from whence he observes, that it might with propriety be called Malva
+horaria: MILLER lengthens the duration of its blowing to a few hours: we
+have frequently observed its blossoms continue sufficiently open to shew
+their beauty the greatest part of the day, more especially towards the
+close of summer.
+
+Few annuals are more admired than this, the inside of the flower is of
+delicate cream colour, having the centre embellished with a rich purple
+velvet, on which its golden antherae are proudly conspicuous.
+
+It is said to be a native of Italy; a Cape variety, differing in
+hairiness and a few other particulars is mentioned by MILLER, and
+considered by him as a species.
+
+The least possible trouble attends the raising of this beautiful annual,
+as it readily ripens its seeds, which falling on the ground produce
+plants in abundance the ensuing spring; to have it flower as long as may
+be, it will be proper to sow it at two or three different periods.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+[210]
+
+CELSIA LINEARIS. LINEAR-LEAV'D CELSIA.
+
+_Class and Order._
+
+DIDYNAMIA ANGIOSPERMIA.
+
+_Generic Character._
+
+     _Cal._ 5-partitus. _Cor._ rotata. _Filamenta_ barbata, _Caps._
+     2-locularis.
+
+_Specific Character and Synonyms._
+
+     CELSIA _linearis_. _Jacq. Collect. v. 2. n. 210._ _Icon. v. 2. t.
+     13._
+
+     CELSIA _linearis_ foliis ternis linearibus denticulatis.
+
+
+We here present our readers with the figure of a plant newly introduced
+from France by Mr. WILLIAMS, Nurseryman of Paris, collected originally
+in Peru by Mr. DOMBEY, whose flowers, if they do not equal those of the
+Fuchsia already figured in elegance of form and growth, surpass them
+somewhat in brilliancy of colour, whence it becomes a most desirable
+plant for the purpose of ornament.
+
+Professor JACQUIN, who first gave a figure and description of this
+plant, informs us in his Collectanea, that he received seeds of it from
+Professor ORTEGA of Madrid, under the name of _Celsia linearis_, which
+name he has adopted; and we, from respect to such authority, have
+continued; at the same time we must observe, that it ill accords with
+that genus: the blossoms while in bud fold up somewhat in the same
+manner as those of the Celsia, but on expansion they appear widely
+different; their shape indeed then becomes truly singular, resembling a
+half-formed imperfect corolla, its filaments are short and want the
+hairs which in part characterise the Celsia; its seed-vessels also are
+far from being round: its antherae are large and close together, somewhat
+like those of the Solanum, and there is so little of inequality in them,
+that few students would be induced to refer its flowers to the class
+Didynamia.
+
+Being a native of a warm climate, it comes to the greatest perfection
+here when placed in a stove in which the heat is moderate; but it will
+succeed very well if treated as a tender green-house plant: it does not
+appear to be quite so hardy as the Fuchsia, nor to flower like that
+plant at all seasons, but usually produces its blossoms in the latter
+summer months, those are succeeded by seed-vessels producing perfect
+seeds, by which, as well as by cuttings, the plant is propagated.
+
+Its leaves, which are not deciduous, are linear, and more or less
+toothed, growing three together; this character however is somewhat
+obscured by others growing from their bosoms.
+
+
+
+
+[211]
+
+SEDUM POPULIFOLIUM. POPLAR-LEAV'D STONECROP.
+
+_Class and Order._
+
+DECANDRIA PENTAGYNIA.
+
+_Generic Character._
+
+     _Cal._ 5-fidus. _Cor._ 5-petala. _Squamae_ nectariferae 5 ad basin
+     germinis. _Caps._ 5.
+
+_Specific Character and Synonyms._
+
+     SEDUM _populifolium_ foliis planis cordatis dentatis petiolatis,
+     corymbis terminalibus. _Ait. Kew. v. 2. p. 109._
+
+     SEDUM _populifolium_ foliis petiolatis cordatis dentatis, floribus
+     paniculatis. _Linn. fil. suppl. p. 242._
+
+     SEDUM _populifolium_. _Pallas, it. 3. p. 730. t. O. fig. 2._
+
+
+Professor PALLAS, the celebrated Russian naturalist, discovered this
+species of Sedum in Siberia, and in the year 1780, introduced it to the
+royal garden at Kew; the younger LINNAEUS describes it minutely in his
+_Suppl. Plantarum_, and observes, that in its general form it much
+resembles the _Saxifraga rotundifolia_.
+
+Its leaves are flat as in many of the other species, and when the plant
+grows in an open situation, exposed to the sun, they become as well as
+the stalks of a bright red colour, which adds much to its beauty.
+
+It is the only hardy Sedum cultivated; in our gardens with a shrubby
+stalk, its leaves however are deciduous, so that in the winter it loses
+its verdure, it flowers in July and August, and is readily increased by
+cuttings.
+
+As most of this tribe grow readily, and many of them naturally on rocks
+and walls, they may be in general regarded as proper rock plants, some
+of them however are apt by the quickness of their growth to extend over
+and destroy plants of more value; this fault, if such it may be deemed,
+is not imputable to the _populifolius_.
+
+Some not knowing its native place of growth, keep it in the
+green-house.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+[212]
+
+TANACETUM FLABELLIFORME. FAN-LEAVED TANSY.
+
+_Class and Order._
+
+SYNGENESIA POLYGAMIA SUPERFLUA.
+
+_Generic Character._
+
+     _Recept._ nudum. _Pappus_ submarginatus. _Cal._ imbricatus,
+     hemisphaericus. _Cor._ radii obsoletae, trifidae. _Linn. (interdum
+     nullae omnesque flosculi hermaphroditi.) Murr._
+
+_Specific Character and Synonyms._
+
+     TANACETUM _flabelliforme_ corymbis simplicibus, foliis deltoidibus
+     apice serratis. _L'Herit. Sert. Angl. t. 27._ _Ait. Hort. Kew. V.
+     3. p. 169._
+
+
+There is a neatness in the appearance of this plant, which joined to the
+singular form of its foliage, varying also from the general hue,
+entitles it to a place in the green-house.
+
+Mr. MASSON discovered it at the Cape, and introduced it here in 1774.
+_Ait. Kew._
+
+It flowers from May to August, grows freely, and is usually propagated
+by cuttings.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+[213]
+
+POLYGONUM ORIENTALE. TALL PERSICARIA.
+
+_Class and Order._
+
+OCTANDRIA TRIGYNIA.
+
+_Generic Character._
+
+     _Cal._ 0. _Cor._ 5-partita, calycina. _Sem._ 1. angulatum.
+
+_Specific Character and Synonyms._
+
+     POLYGONUM _orientale_ floribus heptandris digynis, foliis ovatis,
+     caule erecto, stipulis hirtis hypocrateriformibus. _Linn. Syst.
+     Vegetab. ed. 14. Murr. p. 377._ _Ait. Hort. Kew. V. 2. p. 32._
+
+     PERSICARIA _orientalis_ nicotianae folio calyce florum purpureo.
+     _Tournef. cor. 38._ Schovanna-modelamuccu. _Rheed. Mal. 12. p. 147.
+     t. 76._
+
+
+Of the genus Polygonum, the present well-known native of the East, as
+well as of India, is the principal one cultivated in our gardens for
+ornament, and is distinguished not less for its superior stature than
+the brilliancy of its flowers; it will frequently grow to the height of
+eight or ten feet, and become a formidable rival to the gigantic
+sun-flower.
+
+There is a dwarf variety of it, and another with white flowers; it has
+been observed to vary also in point of hairiness.
+
+It flowers from July to October, and produces abundance of seed, which,
+falling on the borders, generally comes up spontaneously in the spring;
+but it is most commonly sown in the spring with other annuals: when the
+seedlings appear, they should be thinned so as to stand a foot apart.
+This plant requires very little care, and will bear the smoke of London
+better than many others.
+
+Was cultivated by the Dutchess of BEAUFORT, in 1707. _Ait. Kew._
+
+The Stipulae on the stalk are deserving of notice, being unusual in their
+form, and making it look as if beruffled.
+
+
+
+
+[214]
+
+DRACOCEPHALUM DENTICULATUM. TOOTHED DRAGON'S-HEAD.
+
+_Class and Order._
+
+DIDYNAMIA ANGIOSPERMIA.
+
+_Generic Character._
+
+     _Corollae faux_ inflata: _labium_ superius concavum.
+
+_Specific Character and Synonyms._
+
+     DRACOCEPHALUM _denticulatum_ floribus spicatis remotis, foliis
+     obovato-lanceolatis superne denticulatis. _Ait. Kew. V. 2. p. 317._
+
+
+About the year 1786, we received from Philadelphia, seeds of a plant
+collected at a considerable distance from that city, announced to us as
+new and rare, and which produced the present species of _Dracocephalum_:
+Mr. WATSON, Nurseryman at Islington, obtained the same plant from
+Carolina, about the same period.
+
+It is a hardy perennial, multiplying considerably by its roots, which
+creep somewhat; it must be planted in a moist soil, and shady situation,
+for such it affects, and in such only will it thrive.
+
+It flowers in August and September.
+
+It bears a considerable affinity to the _Dracocephalum virginianum_, to
+which, though a much rarer plant, it is inferior in point of beauty; it
+spreads more on the ground, its flowering stems are not altogether so
+upright, nor so tall, the leaves are broader, and the flowers in the
+spikes less numerous.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+[215]
+
+RANUNCULUS ACRIS FLORE PLENO. DOUBLE UPRIGHT CROWFOOT.
+
+_Class and Order._
+
+POLYANDRIA POLYGYNIA.
+
+_Generic Character._
+
+     _Cal._ 5-phyllus. _Petala_ 5, intra ungues poro mellisero. _Sem._
+     nuda.
+
+_Specific Character and Synonyms._
+
+     RANUNCULUS _acris_ calycibus patulis, pedunculis teretibus, foliis
+     tripartito multifidis: summis linearibus. _Linn. Syst. Veg. ed. 14.
+     Murr. p. 517._
+
+     RANUNCULUS hortensis erectus flore pleno. _Bauh. Pin. p. 178. ?._
+
+     RANUNCULUS pratensis flore multiplici. _Park. Parad. p. 218._
+
+     The double yellow field Crowfoot.
+
+
+In giving a representation of this species of Ranunculus, we have made a
+slight deviation from the strict letter of our plan, as expressed in the
+title page, which confines us to the figuring of foreign plants only; we
+have thought, however, that it would not be inconsistent with the spirit
+of the _Flower-Garden Displayed_, were we occasionally to introduce such
+English plants as have double flowers, and which, on that account, are
+thought worthy of a place in every garden; they are but few in number,
+and we flatter ourselves that this trifling alteration will be approved
+by our numerous readers.
+
+The _Ranunculus acris_ is the first that we offer of these; a plant, in
+its wild and single state, common in all our rich meadows, and in its
+improved, or to speak more botanically, in its monstrous state (all
+double flowers being monsters, for the most part formed from the
+preternatural multiplication of their petals) it has long been
+cultivated in gardens abroad, as well as here.
+
+There are certain ornamental plants of the perennial kind, which, if
+once introduced, will succeed with the least possible trouble, and
+therefore suit such as have little time to bestow on their
+flower-gardens; the present plant is one of those: if the soil in which
+we plant it be moist, it will grow most readily, and flower during the
+months of June and July; and it is easily increased, by parting its
+roots in autumn.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+[216]
+
+CYPRIPEDIUM ALBUM. WHITE-PETAL'D LADIES SLIPPER.
+
+_Class and Order._
+
+GYNANDRIA DIANDRIA.
+
+_Generic Character._
+
+     _Nectarium_ ventricosum inflatum cavum.
+
+_Specific Character and Synonyms._
+
+     CYPRIPEDIUM _album_ radicibus fibrosis foliis ovato-lanceolatis
+     caulinis, petalis obtusis. _Ait. Hort. Kew. V. 3. p. 303._
+
+     HELLEBORINE Calceolus dicta mariana flore gemello candido, venis
+     purpureis, striato. _Pluk. Mant. 101. t. 418. f. 3._
+
+     CYPRIPEDIUM _hirsutum_ foliis oblongo ovatis venosis hirsutis flore
+     maximo. _Mill. Dict. ed. 6. 4to._
+
+     CYPRIPEDIUM _spectabile_. Corolla labio superiore ovali basi retuso
+     concavo subtus carina obtusa, inferiore petalis longiore grosso.
+     _Salisb. Trans. Linn. Soc. V. 1. p. 78._
+
+
+Of the genus _Cypripedium_, Great-Britain produces only one, America
+several species; of these the _album_ here figured, (whose name is
+derived from the whiteness of its petals, and with which the nectary
+must not be confounded) is by far the most magnificent; indeed there are
+few flowers which to such singularity of structure add such elegance and
+beauty: it grows spontaneously in various parts of North-America, and
+chiefly in the woods; was introduced to the royal garden at Kew, by Mr.
+WILLIAM YOUNG about the year 1770, but was known to Mr. MILLER, and
+cultivated by him at Chelsea long before that period; this intelligent
+and truly practical author informs us, that all the sorts of Cypripedium
+are with difficulty preserved and propagated in gardens; he recommends
+them to be planted in a loamy soil, and in a situation where they may
+have the morning sun only; they must, he observes, for the above
+reasons, be procured from the places where they naturally grow; the
+roots should be seldom removed, for transplanting them prevents their
+flowering, which usually takes place in June.
+
+A greater proof of the difficulty of increasing these plants need not be
+adduced than their present scarcity, though vast numbers have been
+imported, how few can boast of possessing them, or of preserving them
+for any length of time; careful management in their cultivation will
+doubtless go far, but peculiarity of soil and situation would appear to
+be of greater importance: it is well known that certain plants thrive in
+certain districts only, the double yellow rose, for instance, barely
+exists near London, yet this plant I have seen growing most luxuriantly,
+and producing a profusion of bloom, in the late Mr. MASON'S garden,
+Cheshunt, Herts, and in which various Orchis's also acquired nearly
+twice their usual size,--enviable spot!
+
+
+
+
+INDEX.
+
+In which the Latin Names of the Plants contained in the _Sixth Volume_
+are alphabetically arranged.
+
+_Pl._
+
+  200 Antirrhinum sparteum.
+
+  207 ---- alpinum.
+
+  199 Aster alpinus.
+
+  210 Celsia linearis.
+
+  195 Cheiranthus mutabilis.
+
+  181 Colutea frutescens.
+
+  188 Convolvulus Nil.
+
+  185 Coronilla valentina.
+
+  192 Cypripedium acaule.
+
+  216 ---- album.
+
+  207 Dianthus barbatus.
+
+  214 Dracocephalum denticulatum.
+
+  189 Erica grandiflora.
+
+  194 Fritillaria imperialis.
+
+  203 Geranium angulatum.
+
+  206 ---- anemonefolium.
+
+  209 Hibiscus Trionum.
+
+  198 Indigofera candicans.
+
+  187 Iris sambucina.
+
+  184 Ixia crocata.
+
+  202 Lupinus perennis.
+
+  208 Melissa grandiflora.
+
+  193 Narcissus angustifolius.
+
+  197 ---- biflorus.
+
+  190 Ornithogalum aureum.
+
+  201 Pelargonium bicolor.
+
+  213 Polygonum orientale.
+
+  191 Primula marginata.
+
+  204 Ranunculus aconitifolius.
+
+  215 ---- acris flore pleno.
+
+  182 Salvia aurea.
+
+  196 Saxifraga crassifolia.
+
+  211 Sedum populifolium.
+
+  186 Selago ovata.
+
+  183 Syringa vulgaris.
+
+  212 Tanacetum flabelliforme.
+
+
+INDEX.
+
+In which the English Names of the Plants contained in the _Sixth Volume_
+are alphabetically arranged.
+
+_Pl._
+
+  199 Aster alpine.
+
+  208 Balm great-flower'd.
+
+  181 Bladder-senna scarlet.
+
+  210 Celsia linear-leav'd.
+
+  188 Convolvulus azure.
+
+  185 Coronilla rue-leav'd.
+
+  201 Crane's-bill two-colour'd.
+
+  203 ---- angular-stalk'd.
+
+  204 Crowfoot mountain.
+
+  215 ---- upright-double.
+
+  214 Dragon's-head toothed.
+
+  206 Geranium anemone-leav'd.
+
+  189 Heath great-flower'd.
+
+  209 Hibiscus bladder.
+
+  194 Imperial crown.
+
+  198 Indigo white-leav'd.
+
+  187 Iris elder-scented.
+
+  184 Ixia saffron-colour'd.
+
+  192 Ladies-slipper two-leav'd.
+
+  216 ---- white-petal'd.
+
+  183 Lilac common.
+
+  202 Lupine perennial.
+
+  193 Narcissus narrow-leav'd.
+
+  197 ---- two-flower'd.
+
+  190 Ornithogalum golden.
+
+  213 Persicaria tall.
+
+  191 Primula silver-edg'd.
+
+  182 Sage golden.
+
+  196 Saxifrage oval-leav'd.
+
+  186 Selago oval-headed.
+
+  211 Stonecrop poplar-leav'd.
+
+  212 Tansey fan-leav'd.
+
+  200 Toad-flax branching.
+
+  207 ---- alpine.
+
+  195 Wall-flower changeable.
+
+  207 William sweet.
+
+
+
+
+
+End of Project Gutenberg's The Botanical Magazine, Vol. 6, by William Curtis
+
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