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| author | Roger Frank <rfrank@pglaf.org> | 2025-10-15 01:29:02 -0700 |
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| committer | Roger Frank <rfrank@pglaf.org> | 2025-10-15 01:29:02 -0700 |
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diff --git a/old/20776-h/chapter_11.html b/old/20776-h/chapter_11.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..c2b771c --- /dev/null +++ b/old/20776-h/chapter_11.html @@ -0,0 +1,2591 @@ +<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" + "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> + +<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> + <head> + <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=iso-8859-1" /> + <title> + The Project Gutenberg eBook of Encyclopedia of Needlework, by Thérèse De Dillmont. + </title> + <style type="text/css"> +/*<![CDATA[ XML blockout */ +<!-- + p { margin-top: .75em; + text-align: justify; + margin-bottom: .75em; + clear: both; + } + h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6 { + text-align: center; /* all headings centered */ + clear: both; + + } + hr { width: 33%; + margin-top: 2em; + margin-bottom: 2em; + margin-left: auto; + margin-right: auto; + clear: both; + } + + table {margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;} + + body{margin-left: 10%; + margin-right: 10%; + } + + .center {text-align: center;} + .smcap {font-variant: small-caps;} + .br {border-right: solid 2px;} + .caption {font-weight: bold; + text-align: center} + + .figcenter {margin: auto; text-align: center;} + + .figleft {float: left; clear: left; margin-left: 0; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: + 1em; margin-right: 1em; padding: 0; text-align: center;} + + .figright {float: right; clear: right; margin-left: 1em; margin-bottom: 1em; + margin-top: 1em; margin-right: 0; padding: 0; text-align: center;} + + .footnotes {border: dashed 1px;} + .footnote {margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%; font-size: 0.9em;} + .footnote .label {position: absolute; right: 84%; text-align: right;} + .fnanchor {vertical-align:baseline; + position: relative; + bottom: 0.33em; + font-size: .8em; + text-decoration: none;} + + --> + /* XML end ]]>*/ + </style> + </head> +<body> + + +<p><a name="Page_343" id="Page_343"></a></p> + + + + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;"> +<img src="images/527.jpg" alt="MACRAMÉ STRIPE—ARABIC SUBJECT." title="" /> +<span class="caption smcap">Macramé stripe—Arabic subject.</span> +</div> + + + +<hr style="width: 15%;" /> +<h2><a name="Macrame" id="Macrame"></a>Macramé.</h2> +<hr style="width: 15%;" /> + + +<p>Macramé is an Arabic word, signifying an ornamental fringe +or trimming, which has been adopted as the term for a certain +kind of hand-work, known also as «knotted fringe» or +«Mexican lace» and produced by the knotting, interweaving +and tying together of threads.</p> + +<p>We have given the preference to the Arabic name because +of its less definite meaning, seeing that not only fringe and lace, +but trimmings of all kinds, in the shape of bands and stripes +and headings, can be worked in macramé.</p> + +<p>Until its revival about ten years ago, when it was regarded +by many as a new invention, the art of macramé making had +for centuries become almost extinct and save here and there +in the convents, was quite unknown.</p> + +<p>The multitude of uses to which it can be turned as a trimming, +the infinite variety it admits of and its great durability +and strength, make macramé well worth a study; the difficulties +that repel many at first sight are only on the surface and +any one who carefully follows the instructions given in the +following pages, will soon overcome them and be able without +pains to copy the charming designs that accompany them, +which remind us of the wooden lattices in the windows of +Eastern houses, doubtless familiar to many of our readers, +under the name of <i>moucharabieh</i>.</p><p><a name="Page_344" id="Page_344"></a></p> + +<p><b><a name="Materials" id="Materials"></a>Materials.</b>—These may be of almost any kind; silk, gold +thread, cord, wool or cotton, can all be employed with good +effect. Almost any of the D.M.C cottons can be used for macramé; +but the ones especially to be recommended are: Fil à +dentelle D.M.C<a href="#Footnote_A" class="fnanchor">[A]</a>, Cordonnet 6 fils D.M.C<a href="#Footnote_A" class="fnanchor">[A]</a> and Coton à +broder D.M.C<a href="#Footnote_A" class="fnanchor">[A]</a> for the finer kinds of work, and for the coarser, +Fil à pointer D.M.C<a href="#Footnote_A" class="fnanchor">[A]</a>, Coton à tricoter D.M.C<a href="#Footnote_A" class="fnanchor">[A]</a> and Ganse +turque D.M.C<a href="#Footnote_A" class="fnanchor">[A]</a>. The twist in all these is so regular as to +admit of a high degree of perfection being attained with them: +they are moreover very agreeable to the touch, a great recommendation +considering how much they have to be handled by +the worker.</p> + +<p><b>Macramé cushion and other accessories</b> (figs. <a href="#fig_513">513</a> and +<a href="#fig_514">514</a>).—The only really important requisite for macramé work +is the cushion, which should be well stuffed, and weighted +with lead (fig. <a href="#fig_513">513</a>). It is convenient to have it made to screw +on to a table like the Swiss tambour frames. There are other +kinds of macramé cushions but none, in our opinion, as practical +as these because any pattern can be worked upon them +and patterns that have a heading or a border of picots can not +be worked on any others. The pegs at the ends of the cushion +<a name="Page_345" id="Page_345"></a>are for fixing and winding the long threads upon, which carry +the knots, and which we shall in future call «cords».</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;"><a name="fig_513" id="fig_513"></a> +<img src="images/528.jpg" alt="FIG. 513. MACRAMÉ CUSHION." title="" /> +<span class="caption smcap">Fig. 513. Macramé cushion.</span> +</div> + +<p>For making long lengths of macramé fringe, metal clamps, +with round-headed pegs attached to them top and bottom, to +fasten the cords to, as represented in fig. <a href="#fig_514">514</a>, will be found +far better than a cushion, as any number of threads can be +knotted on to them at a time by pushing them more or less +closely together on the cord.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;"> +<img src="images/529.jpg" alt="FIG. 514. CLAMPS FOR MACRAMÉ FRINGE." title="" /> +<a name="fig_514" id="fig_514"></a><span class="caption smcap">Fig. 514. Clamps for macramé fringe.</span> +</div> + +<p>Besides the cushion and clamps, you will require, some big +glass-headed pins, made expressly for the purpose, a crochet +needle for pulling the threads through the stuff when they have +to be knotted on to an edge, and a French mètre or yard +measure to measure the threads with; to these implements +may further be added, scissors and a metal comb and ruler +for cutting and straightening the ends of the threads.</p> + +<p>The length of the threads must depend on their substance +and size; that is to say, that a knot will take up more of a +coarse stiff thread than of a fine pliable one, on which account, +to avoid the necessity of preliminary trials, the right length of +thread, for the quality and size of material, is given with each +pattern. If, for any reason, our workers should not follow the +directions given, they must bear in mind that the thicker and +stiffer the material, the more they will have to allow for the +knots and vice versa.</p> + +<p><b><a name="Formation_of_the_knots" id="Formation_of_the_knots"></a>Formation of the knots</b>.—Beginners must be careful, in +macramé as in tatting, not to move or slacken the cord, or +horizontal thread that carries the knots. The knots made by +the «knotting-thread», as it will be called in future, consist of +<a name="Page_346" id="Page_346"></a>loops formed over the cord and then tightened. The knotting-thread +and the cord are constantly changing places, as you +work, loops having to be made now with the one and now +with the other.</p> + +<p><b>Knotting on the threads</b> (fig. <a href="#fig_515">515</a>).—Excepting when you +work with the threads of a material obtained by unravelling and +drawing out the cross threads, you +must knot on lengths of thread on to +a cord; cut them double the length +the fringe is to be and fold them in +half, so as to form a loop by means +of which you attach them to the +cord, in the following manner. Put +the loop over the cord from the front and bring it back underneath, +put the ends down through the loop, detail <i>a</i>, and +tighten it, detail <i>b</i>, as shown in the engraving.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 250px;"> +<img src="images/530.jpg" alt="FIG. 515. KNOTTING ON THE THREADS." title="" /> +<a name="fig_515" id="fig_515"></a><span class="caption smcap">Fig. 515. Knotting on the threads.</span> +</div> + +<p><b>Knotting on the threads on to a stuff edge and formation +of a flat double knot</b> (fig. <a href="#fig_516">516</a>).—Push your crochet needle +through the edge of the stuff from the right to the wrong side +and catch hold of the loop, formed by the folding in half of +the thread that is to be knotted on; pull it out to the right +side, put the ends through, and tighten the loop, detail <i>a</i>. Detail +<i>b</i> shows two double threads, knotted on near to each other in +this way, and the first tying together of the two outer threads +for the flat knot which is formed as follows: you take the two +outer of the four threads hanging down and cross the right hand +<a name="Page_347" id="Page_347"></a>one under, and the left hand one over the two centre threads. +Whilst doing this, hold the inner ones tightly stretched out on +the 3rd and 4th fingers +of the left hand, detail <i>b</i>. +The manner in which +the two threads are +brought back and tied +together again is shown +in detail <i>c</i>; the drawing +up of the threads completes +the so-called flat +double knot, detail <i>d</i>. +Detail <i>e</i>, of the same figure, shows two flat double knots, side +by side, and the first step towards the formation of a third, +connecting together +the two right threads +of the one with the +two left threads of the +other.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;"> +<img src="images/531.jpg" alt="FIG. 516. KNOTTING ON THE THREADS ON TO A STUFF EDGE AND FORMATION +OF A FLAT DOUBLE KNOT." title="" /> +<a name="fig_516" id="fig_516"></a><span class="caption smcap">Fig. 516. Knotting on the threads on to a stuff edge and formation +of a flat double knot.</span> +</div> + +<p><b>Knotting on threads +on to a knotted heading</b> +(fig. <a href="#fig_517">517</a>).—Make +flat double knots as in +fig. <a href="#fig_516">516</a>, detail <i>d</i>, on a +double cord and then +knot on your threads +on to the loops of the +double knots, putting the loop through from the right side, so +that it may lie at the back. Use double threads so that the +work beneath the heading may not be too open.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;"> +<img src="images/532.jpg" alt="FIG. 517. KNOTTING ON THREADS ONTO A KNOTTED HEADING." title="" /> +<a name="fig_517" id="fig_517"></a><span class="caption smcap">Fig. 517. Knotting on threads onto a knotted heading.</span> +</div> + +<p><b>Knotting on threads on to a picot heading</b> (fig. <a href="#fig_518">518</a>) +—First, crochet a row of chain stitches, then make flat double +knots on the chain, far enough apart for the thread between +to form picots on the chain, then a second chain of crochet +drawn through the picots on one side, on to which tie triple +or quadruple lengths of thread, as shown in the engraving.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;"> +<img src="images/533.jpg" alt="FIG. 518. KNOTTING ON THREADS ON TO A PICOT HEADING." title="" /> +<a name="fig_518" id="fig_518"></a><span class="caption smcap">Fig. 518. Knotting on threads on to a picot heading.</span> +</div> + +<p><b>Knotting on threads with round picots</b> (fig. <a href="#fig_519">519</a>).— +Fasten the lengths of thread to the cushion with pins, about +<a name="Page_348" id="Page_348"></a>half a c/m. apart, fix the cord to one of the pegs at the left +end of the cushion, hold it tightly extended in a horizontal line +with the right hand. With the +left hand knot the threads that +are pinned down on to the cord, +looping each end twice round +it, upwards from below and then +drawing it through between the +two loops or knots thus formed, +pulling each knot to the left as +you tighten it round the cord. +Make the second row of knots in +the same way, taking care to lay +the second cord as close to the +first as possible that the vertical +threads may not be visible between. One series of knots +forms a bar; there are both horizontal and slanting bars as +will be seen later on.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 300px;"> +<img src="images/534.jpg" alt="FIG. 519. KNOTTING ON THREADS WITH ROUND PICOTS." title="" /> +<a name="fig_519" id="fig_519"></a><span class="caption smcap">Fig. 519. Knotting on threads with round picots.</span> +</div> + +<p><b>Knotting on threads with a fringe heading</b> (fig. <a href="#fig_520">520</a>).—Knot +the threads +on with a picot heading, +as explained in +the preceding figure, +then cut the picots +through and unravel +and comb out the +threads.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;"> +<img src="images/535.jpg" alt="FIG. 520. KNOTTING ON WITH A FRINGE HEADING." title="" /> +<a name="fig_520" id="fig_520"></a><span class="caption smcap">Fig. 520. Knotting on with a fringe heading.</span> +</div> + +<p>For this way of +knotting on threads, +a very strongly twisted +material is better than +a loose one, as when it is cut and untwisted, it makes a much +richer and fuller fringe.</p> + +<p><b>Knotting on with picots and flat double knots</b> (fig. <a href="#fig_521">521</a>). +—Take two threads, pin them on close together, make a flat +double knot, fig. <a href="#fig_516">516</a>, tying the outer threads over the inner +ones, and loop the ends over a cord to make a horizontal +bar of knots.</p><p><a name="Page_349" id="Page_349"></a></p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 350px;"> +<img src="images/536.jpg" alt="FIG. 521. +KNOTTING ON THREADS WITH PICOTS AND TWO +FLAT DOUBLE KNOTS." title="" /> +<a name="fig_521" id="fig_521"></a><span class="caption smcap">Fig. 521. +Knotting on threads with picots and two +flat double knots.</span> +</div> + +<p><b>Knotting on threads with picots and two flat double +knots</b> (figs. <a href="#fig_522">522</a> and <a href="#fig_523">523</a>).—Pin the two threads on as before +and make two flat double +knots, one below the other; +detail <i>a</i> shows the first +knot begun, detail <i>b</i> the two +knots completed. Fig. <a href="#fig_523">523</a> +shows the picots secured by +a horizontal bar of knots +beneath them.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;"> +<a name="fig_522" id="fig_522"></a><a name="fig_523" id="fig_523"></a> +<div class="figleft" style="width: 200px; height: 242px;"> +<img src="images/537.jpg" alt="FIG. 522. & FIG. 523. +KNOTTING ON THREADS WITH PICOT AND TWO FLAT DOUBLE KNOTS." title="" /> +</div> +<div class="figright" style="width: 250px; height: 242px;"> +<img src="images/538.jpg" alt="FIG. 522. & FIG. 523. +KNOTTING ON THREADS WITH PICOT AND TWO FLAT DOUBLE KNOTS." title="" /> + +</div> +<span class="caption smcap">Fig. 522. & fig. 523. +knotting on threads with picot and two flat double knots.</span> +</div> + +<p><b>Knotting on threads +with scallops</b> (fig. <a href="#fig_524">524</a>).—The +threads for the scallops +must be cut much longer +than those that are to be +knotted on below +them. The +buttonhole +loops must be +so made that +they turn upwards; +and +there must be +12 of them, all +made with the +left hand thread over the right hand thread, detail <i>a</i>. Then, knot +on two double threads underneath the scallop and besides, make +knots with the threads that come from the scallops, detail <i>b</i>.</p><p><a name="Page_350" id="Page_350"></a></p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;"> +<img src="images/539.jpg" alt="FIG. 524. KNOTTING ON THREADS WITH SCALLOPS." title="" /> +<a name="fig_524" id="fig_524"></a><span class="caption smcap">Fig. 524. Knotting on threads with scallops.</span> +</div> + +<p><b>Knotting on threads with loops</b> (fig. <a href="#fig_525">525</a>).—Pin on two +threads folded in half, a little distance apart, detail <i>a</i>, and bind +them together +with a flat +double knot. +Pin on more +lengths close +to them, the +inner threads +of which are +held by a "collecting +knot", +as the flat double +knot is called +when it +is made over +more than two threads (see +also fig. <a href="#fig_530">530</a>). The ends of +the threads can then be looped +over one or two cords, +so as to form a single or +double bar of knots, as required.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;"> +<img src="images/540.jpg" alt="FIG. 525. KNOTTING ON THREADS WITH LOOPS." title="" /> +<a name="fig_525" id="fig_525"></a><span class="caption smcap">Fig. 525. Knotting on threads with loops.</span> +</div> + +<p><b>Knotting on threads +with triple scallops</b> (fig. <a href="#fig_526">526</a>).—Knot on three single +threads in succession; first, +the middle one, then the +second, with the knot right +and left and the loop long enough to form the scallop, then +the third in the same manner.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 350px;"> +<img src="images/541.jpg" alt="FIG. 526. KNOTTING ON THREADS WITH TRIPLE SCALLOPS." title="" /> +<a name="fig_526" id="fig_526"></a><span class="caption smcap">Fig. 526. Knotting on threads with triple scallops.</span> +</div> + +<p><b>Knotting on threads for ribbed picots</b> (fig. <a href="#fig_527">527</a>).—Take +a double thread and make two slanting bars of knots, see +details <i>a</i> and <i>b</i>, then secure them, like the preceding scallops +by a horizontal bar of knots, see detail <i>c</i>.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 450px;"> +<img src="images/542.jpg" alt="FIG. 527. KNOTTING ON THREADS WITH RIBBED PICOTS." title="" /> +<a name="fig_527" id="fig_527"></a><span class="caption smcap">Fig. 527. Knotting on threads with ribbed picots.</span> +</div> + +<p><b>Knotting on threads for a gimp heading</b> (fig. <a href="#fig_528">528</a>).—This +mode of knotting on forms a broad gimp, consisting of vertical +bars of knots, made over a single cord. On the one side, that +<a name="Page_351" id="Page_351"></a>which is afterwards turned downwards, the cord, the ribs are +made on, forms loops, held with pins, into which meshes of +threads can be +knotted when +the gimp is finished, +for making +either a fringe +or a grounding.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 450px;"> +<img src="images/543.jpg" alt="FIG. 528. KNOTTING ON THREADS FOR A GIMP HEADING." title="" /> +<a name="fig_528" id="fig_528"></a><span class="caption smcap">Fig. 528. Knotting on threads for a gimp heading.</span> +</div> + +<p>Patterns in +several colours +may likewise +be knotted into +gimp headings +of this kind.</p> + +<p><b>Flat double +knots with half +knots</b> (fig. <a href="#fig_529">529</a>).—These +are double +knots followed by a +third knot, or more +correctly speaking, +a half one of the +first flat knots.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 350px;"> +<img src="images/544.jpg" alt="FIG. 529. FLAT DOUBLE KNOTS WITH HALF KNOTS." title="" /> +<a name="fig_529" id="fig_529"></a><span class="caption smcap">Fig. 529. Flat double knots with half knots.</span> +</div> + +<p><b>Collecting knots</b> +(fig. <a href="#fig_530">530</a>).—As explained +in fig. <a href="#fig_525">525</a>, +these are flat double +knots, made over +more than two +threads. The engraving shows, in the first place on the left, +a flat double knot made over two threads, completed, and the +first crossing of the thread for the collecting knot; secondly, the +second crossing of the threads; thirdly how the collecting knot +can, if necessary, be continued over 4 threads, and fourthly, +how the collecting knot should be made to finish with a flat +double knot.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;"> +<img src="images/545.jpg" alt="FIG. 530. COLLECTING KNOTS." title="" /> +<a name="fig_530" id="fig_530"></a><span class="caption smcap">Fig. 530. Collecting knots.</span> +</div> + +<p><b>Plaited and waved knots</b> (fig. <a href="#fig_531">531</a>).—Plaited knots are +formed by a continuous repetition of the first crossing of the +<a name="Page_352" id="Page_352"></a>threads for making a flat knot, detail <i>a</i>; waved knots by a +slight twist given to the plaited knots from left to right, detail +<i>b</i>. These plaits of waved knots are secured by joining together +the threads of opposite +meshes, two and two, by a +flat double knot.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 450px;"> +<img src="images/546.jpg" alt="FIG. 531. PLAITED AND WAVED KNOTS." title="" /> +<a name="fig_531" id="fig_531"></a><span class="caption smcap">Fig. 531. Plaited and waved knots.</span> +</div> + +<p><b>Single crossed knots +and double crossed knots</b> +(figs. <a href="#fig_532">532</a> and <a href="#fig_533">533</a>).—Two +plain crossings of the +threads, detail <i>a</i>, to begin +with; after which you rapidly +reverse the threads, +turning the knot to the +wrong side, drawing it up +tightly at the same time; +this forms the first knot, +detail <i>b</i>. The second knot, fig. <a href="#fig_533">533</a>, is formed by 3 crossings, +detail <i>a</i>; reverse the threads rapidly, to form the double crossed +knot, detail <i>b</i>. For the following knots tie the threads together, +as for the flat double knot, detail <i>c</i>.</p><p><a name="Page_353" id="Page_353"></a></p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;"> +<a name="fig_532" id="fig_532"></a><a name="fig_533" id="fig_533"></a> +<div class="figleft" style="width: 200px;"> +<img src="images/547.jpg" alt="FIG. 532. SINGLE CROSSED KNOT." title="" /> +<span class="caption smcap">Fig. 532. Single crossed knot.</span> +</div> + +<div class="figright" style="width: 300px;"> +<img src="images/548.jpg" alt="FIG. 533. DOUBLE CROSSED KNOT." title="" /> +<span class="caption smcap">Fig. 533. Double crossed knot.</span> +</div> +</div> + +<p><b>Looped picot and knotted picots</b> (figs. <a href="#fig_534">534</a> and <a href="#fig_535">535</a>).—Looped +picots are made along a row of knots by setting the +knots, far enough +apart for the loop +between, to form +a picot when the +knots are drawn +up close together. +In fig. <a href="#fig_534">534</a>, the detail +<i>a</i> represents +the picot, in its +first open stage, +detail <i>b</i> the same +picot when it is +finished.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 300px;"> +<img src="images/549.jpg" alt="FIG. 534. LOOPED PICOT." title="" /> +<a name="fig_534" id="fig_534"></a><span class="caption smcap">Fig. 534. Looped picot.</span> +</div> + +<p>Knotted picots, +fig. <a href="#fig_535">535</a>, are +formed after one +or more flat double knots, by a knot made in the outer thread; +to get this knot into the right place, make it on a big pin and +draw it up close to the flat knot before you take out the pin.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 350px;"> +<img src="images/550.jpg" alt="FIG. 535. KNOTTED PICOT." title="" /> +<a name="fig_535" id="fig_535"></a><span class="caption smcap">Fig. 535. Knotted picot.</span> +</div> + +<p>These picots are always made on both sides and can be +repeated several times along a row of knots. Detail <i>a</i> shows +the crossing of the threads for the picots, detail <i>b</i> the picots +completed and followed by a flat knot.</p><p><a name="Page_354" id="Page_354"></a></p> + +<p><b>Bead knots</b> (fig. <a href="#fig_536">536</a>).—A bead knot is made by turning +back the threads after a row of flat double knots. Detail <i>a</i> +shows three flat double knots finished, detail <i>b</i> the inner +threads turned back over the flat double knots, detail <i>c</i> the +two knotting threads, brought between the two threads coming +from the left to the right, and detail <i>d</i> the bead knot finished +and followed by a flat double knot.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 550px;"> +<img src="images/551.jpg" alt="FIG. 536. BEAD KNOTS." title="" /> +<a name="fig_536" id="fig_536"></a><span class="caption smcap">Fig. 536. Bead knots.</span> +</div> + +<p><b>Bars of knots to the right and left</b> (figs. <a href="#fig_537">537</a>, <a href="#fig_538">538</a>, +<a href="#fig_539">539</a>, <a href="#fig_540">540</a>, <a href="#fig_541">541</a>, <a href="#fig_542">542</a>, <a href="#fig_543">543</a>, <a href="#fig_544">544</a>).—After knotting on the requisite +number of threads on to a double cord, make two buttonhole +loops with the right thread round the left one, fig. <a href="#fig_537">537</a>, +then knot each thread twice over the second cord, fig. <a href="#fig_538">538</a>.<a name="Page_355" id="Page_355"></a> +These knots must be as close together as possible. This done, +begin to make the slanting bars, inclining from left to right, +with 4 threads.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 350px;"> +<a name="fig_537" id="fig_537"></a><a name="fig_538" id="fig_538"></a> +<div class="figleft" style="width: 100px;"> +<img src="images/552.jpg" alt="FIG. 537. BUTTONHOLE LOOP TO THE RIGHT." title="" /> +<span class="caption smcap">Fig. 537. Buttonhole loop to the right.</span> +</div> + +<div class="figright" style="width: 200px;"> +<img src="images/553.jpg" alt="FIG. 538. FASTENING THE THREADS TO THE CORD." title="" /> +<span class="caption smcap">Fig. 538. Fastening the threads to the cord.</span> +</div> +</div> + +<p>The first thread on +the left, marked 1 in fig. <a href="#fig_540">540</a>, serves as cord to the +threads 2, 3, 4, which are +looped in succession over +thread 1.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;"> +<a name="fig_539" id="fig_539"></a><a name="fig_540" id="fig_540"></a> +<div class="figleft" style="width: 175px;"> +<img src="images/554.jpg" alt="FIG. 539. BAR SLANTING TO THE RIGHT. THE KNOT OPEN." title="" /> +<span class="caption smcap">Fig. 539. Bar slanting to the right. The knot open.</span> +</div> + +<div class="figright" style="width: 150px;"> +<img src="images/555.jpg" alt="FIG. 540. BAR SLANTING TO THE RIGHT. THREAD 2 KNOTTED OVER THREAD 1." title="" /> +<span class="caption smcap">Fig. 540. Bar slanting to the right. Thread 2 knotted over thread 1.</span> +</div> +</div> + +<p>Fig. <a href="#fig_541">541</a> represents +threads 2, 3 and 4, knotted +thread 1 and in the +second bar, thread 2 becoming +in its turn the +cord, and having threads +3, 4 and 1 knotted over +it, whilst it is being held, +tightly stretched in the right hand. The knotting should be +done with the left hand.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 300px;"> +<a name="fig_541" id="fig_541"></a><a name="fig_542" id="fig_542"></a> +<div class="figleft" style="width: 125px;"> +<img src="images/556.jpg" alt="FIG. 541. BAR SLANTING TO THE RIGHT. THREADS 3, 4, 1 TO BE KNOTTED OVER THREAD 2." title="" /> +<span class="caption smcap">Fig. 541. Bar slanting to the right. Threads 3, 4, 1 to be knotted over thread 2.</span> +</div> + +<div class="figright" style="width: 125px;"> +<img src="images/557.jpg" alt="FIG. 542. BAR SLANTING TO THE LEFT." title="" /> +<span class="caption smcap">Fig. 542. Bar slanting to the left.</span> +</div> +</div> +<p><a name="Page_356" id="Page_356"></a></p> +<p>In fig. <a href="#fig_542">542</a>, which represents a bar inclining from right to +left, threads 3, 2 and 1 are knotted over thread 4; and in fig. <a href="#fig_543">543</a>, in the second row, threads 2, 1, 4 over thread 3. Here, +it has to be the left hand that holds the thread extended from +right to left, whilst the right hand does the knotting.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;"> +<a name="fig_543" id="fig_543"></a><a name="fig_544" id="fig_544"></a> +<div class="figleft" style="width: 125px;"> +<img src="images/558.jpg" alt="FIG. 543. BAR SLANTING TO THE LEFT." title="" /> +<span class="caption smcap">Fig. 543. Bar slanting to the left.</span> +</div> + +<div class="figright" style="width: 250px;"> +<img src="images/559.jpg" alt="FIG. 544. BARS JOINED TOGETHER." title="" /> +<span class="caption smcap">Fig. 544. Bars joined together.</span> +</div> +</div> + +<p>Fig. <a href="#fig_544">544</a> explains how the double bars are bound together +by an ordinary double knot.</p> + +<p><b>Single chain</b> (fig. <a href="#fig_545">545</a>).—This is made with two single +threads, by knotting them alternately over each other, that is, +each in turns serving as cord to the other.</p> + +<p><b>Double chain</b> (fig. <a href="#fig_546">546</a>).—The double chain is made in +the same manner as the single, only with a double thread.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 275px;"> +<a name="fig_545" id="fig_545"></a><a name="fig_546" id="fig_546"></a> +<div class="figleft" style="width: 100px;"> +<img src="images/560.jpg" alt="FIG. 545. SINGLE CHAIN." title="" /> +<span class="caption smcap">Fig. 545. Single chain.</span> +</div> + +<div class="figright" style="width: 125px;"> +<img src="images/561.jpg" alt="FIG. 546. DOUBLE CHAIN." title="" /> +<span class="caption smcap">Fig. 546. Double chain.</span> +</div> +</div> + +<p>Both the double and single chain are generally used in +macramé gimps and borders as a means of conducting threads +of different colours, from one part +of a pattern to another, which could +be done in no other way; also, as a +continuation to the Chinese knot, +fig. <a href="#fig_607">607</a>, as described at the end of +this chapter.</p> + +<p><b>Ribbed border</b> (fig. <a href="#fig_547">547</a>).—Here, +the same cord runs to and +fro; the 4 threads that hang down, +form little ribbed bars running right +and left. To distinguish from the +knotting threads, the thread that +runs to and fro it, is represented in +a darker colour.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 200px;"> +<img src="images/562.jpg" alt="FIG. 547. RIBBED BORDER." title="" /> +<a name="fig_547" id="fig_547"></a><span class="caption smcap">Fig. 547. Ribbed border.</span> +</div> + +<p><b>Macramé fringe</b> (figs. <a href="#fig_548">548</a>, <a href="#fig_549">549</a>, <a href="#fig_550">550</a>).—Entire length of +the threads for No. 8 of Coton à tricoter D.M.C: 80 c/m.</p><p><a name="Page_357" id="Page_357"></a></p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;"> +<img src="images/563.jpg" alt="FIG. 548. MACRAMÉ FRINGE." title="" /> +<a name="fig_548" id="fig_548"></a><span class="caption"><span class="smcap">Fig. 548. Macramé fringe.<br /> +Materials</span>: Coton à tricoter D.M.C Nos. 6 to 16, +Cordonnet 6 fils D.M.C Nos. 5 to 25, +or Fil à dentelle D.M.C Nos. 25 to 70.<br /> +<span class="smcap">Colours</span>: Bleu-Indigo 311, Rouge-Turc 321 +and white, or Bleu tendre 710, Rouge-Maroquin +3327 and Vert-Fauve 691.</span> +</div> +<p>1st row—knot on the threads, as in fig. <a href="#fig_515">515</a>, and in the +following order: 1 double white thread, 2 +double red, 1 double blue and so on.</p> + +<p>2nd row—make a horizontal bar of +knots, see figs. <a href="#fig_519">519</a>, <a href="#fig_520">520</a> and <a href="#fig_521">521</a>, over a +second cord.</p> + +<p>3rd row—3 buttonhole knots, fig. <a href="#fig_524">524</a>, +each with 2 threads.</p> + +<p>4th row—like the 2nd.</p> + +<p>5th row—make slanting bars of double +knots right and left, counting 6 threads for +each bar, consequently 12 for 2. The 1st +and 12th thread serving as the cords for +the knots. In the 2nd series of knots which +forms the double slanting +bar, make another double +knot over the cord with +the thread that served as +cord in the preceding +row.</p> + +<p>When the slanting +bars are finished, bring +them as close together +as possible, tighten the +last thread on the right +and make another double +knot with the left thread; +the position of all the +threads is clearly described +in fig. <a href="#fig_549">549</a>. Then +continue the bars in the +opposite direction, so +that the 2nd thread on +the left is stretched over +the right hand group of +threads, and the 11th +thread on the right over +the left hand group.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 250px;"> +<img src="images/564.jpg" alt="FIG. 549. WORKING DETAIL OF FIG. 548." title="" /> +<a name="fig_549" id="fig_549"></a><span class="caption smcap">Fig. 549. Working detail of fig. <a href="#fig_548">548</a>.</span> +</div> + +<p><a name="Page_358" id="Page_358"></a></p> + +<p>Make 3 rows of double bars and then take always 3 threads +of a left hand group and 3 of a right hand one, tie them loosely +together in a plain knot, put in, +above the knot, a bunch of 8 +threads, 15 c/m. long, fig. <a href="#fig_550">550</a> detail +<i>a</i>, draw up the knot close to the +bars and wind thread of a different +colour several times round it, detail +<i>b</i>, to form the tassel.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 350px;"> +<img src="images/565.jpg" alt="FIG. 550. WORKING DETAIL OF FIG. 548." title="" /> +<a name="fig_550" id="fig_550"></a><span class="caption smcap">Fig. 550. Working detail of fig. <a href="#fig_548">548</a>.</span> +</div> + +<p>The other bunches of threads +which are hung on between two +bars of knots must be tied on the +same level with the first, but do +not, nevertheless, come into close +contact with the bars.</p> + +<p><b>Insertion or fringe</b> +(figs. <a href="#fig_551">551</a> and <a href="#fig_552">552</a>).—Entire +length of the threads +for No. 8 of Coton à tricoter +D.M.C: 50 c/m., including +the fringe.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 300px;"> +<img src="images/566.jpg" alt="FIG. 551. INSERTION OR FRINGE." title="" /> +<a name="fig_551" id="fig_551"></a><span class="caption"><span class="smcap">Fig. 551. Insertion or fringe.<br /> +Materials</span>: Coton à +tricoter D.M.C Nos. 6 +to 13, Cordonnet 6 fils +D.M.C Nos. 1 to 20, Fil +à pointer D.M.C Nos. 10 +to 30, or Fil à dentelle +D.M.C Nos. 25 to 50.<br /> +<span class="smcap">Colours</span>: Bleu-indigo +311 and Brun-Chamois +418, or Brun-Rouille +3312 and Bleu-Gris +3303.</span> +</div> + +<p>1st row—knot on +the threads as in fig. <a href="#fig_515">515</a>.</p> + +<p>2nd row—1 double +horizontal bar of knots, +as in figs. <a href="#fig_519">519</a> or <a href="#fig_520">520</a>, +over double cords.</p> + +<p>3rd row—Take 8 +threads for a group of +bars; 2 light and 2 dark +ones on each side; the +two sets of threads are numbered in fig. <a href="#fig_552">552</a>, a working detail +of fig. <a href="#fig_551">551</a>, from 1 to 4.</p> + +<p>Begin by making all the knots over threads 1 and 2 of the +left set, so that threads 3 and 4 on the left will be outside +and threads 1 and 2 inside the group. Make the same knots over +the 3rd and 4th thread on the right, then repeat the left group +again and so on.</p><p><a name="Page_359" id="Page_359"></a></p> + +<p>Repeat from the beginning, and make 2 +double knots over thread 3 on the right, fig. <a href="#fig_552">552</a>, with threads 1 and 2 on the left, then +again 2 knots over thread 4 on the right. +When this series of knots is finished, make: +3 double knots over thread 1 (dark-coloured +in the engraving) with the left thread 2 and +the right threads 1 and 2; make on the left: +3 knots over thread 4 with the right thread +3 and the left threads 2 and 1, and so on.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 300px;"> +<img src="images/567.jpg" alt="FIG. 552. WORKING DETAIL OF FIG. 551" title="" /> +<a name="fig_552" id="fig_552"></a><span class="caption smcap">Fig. 552. Working detail of fig. <a href="#fig_551">551</a></span> +</div> + +<p>When this pattern is worked for a gimp +and not a fringe, the threads are made to +end in knots, as explained in fig. <a href="#fig_558">558</a>.</p> + +<p><b>Gimp made with <a name="macrameacute_shuttles" id="macrameacute_shuttles"></a>macramé shuttles</b> +(figs. <a href="#fig_553">553</a>, <a href="#fig_554">554</a>, <a href="#fig_555">555</a>).—Cut 8 double threads +of the length the gimp is to be.</p> + +<p>In order not to have to add on threads in +the middle of the work, or have long ends +hanging down, which are very much in the +way, we recommend the employment of a +new macramé shuttle, a kind of spool, such +as are used in the making of +pillow lace. These shuttles simplify +the work enormously and +are made hollow so that they +can be mounted and filled on +the spindle of any sewing machine.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;"> +<img src="images/568.jpg" alt="FIG. 553. GIMP MADE WITH MACRAMÉ SHUTTLES." title="" /> +<a name="fig_553" id="fig_553"></a><span class="caption"><span class="smcap">Fig. 553. Gimp made with macramé shuttles. +<br /> +Materials</span>: Coton à tricoter D.M.C Nos. 6 to 16, +Cordonnet 6 fils D.M.C Nos. 1 to 10, Fil à pointer +D.M.C Nos. 10 to 30, or Fil à dentelle D.M.C +Nos. 25 to 50.<a href="#Footnote_A" class="fnanchor">[A]</a><br /> +<span class="smcap">Colours</span>: Bleu-Indigo 311 and Brun-Marron 406.<a href="#Footnote_A" class="fnanchor">[A]</a> +</span> +</div> + +<p>Knot on the threads, as in +fig. <a href="#fig_515">515</a>, and make a single bar +of knots. Then leaving 2 threads +on the right and 2 on the left +disengaged, make 3 flat double +knots with every set of 4 threads +between. Make a slanting bar +of double knots over the 16th +right thread, with the 15th, +14th, 13th, 12th, 11th, 10th +<a name="Page_360" id="Page_360"></a>and 9th thread; then make knots with the same threads and +with the 16th over the 15th thread. Make a similar bar on the +left, over the 1st thread, with the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th +and 8th thread.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 350px;"> +<a name="fig_554" id="fig_554"></a><a name="fig_555" id="fig_555"></a> +<div class="figleft" style="width: 100px;"> +<img src="images/569.jpg" alt="FIG. 554. +MACRAMÉ SHUTTLE." title="" /> +<span class="caption smcap">Fig. 554. +Macramé shuttle.</span> +</div> + +<div class="figright" style="width: 200px;"> +<img src="images/570.jpg" alt="FIG. 555. SLANTING BAR AND +THE RETURN OF THE CORD. +WORKING DETAIL OF +FIG. 553." title="" /> +<span class="caption smcap">Fig. 555. Slanting bar and +the return of the cord. +Working detail of +fig. <a href="#fig_553">553</a>.</span> +</div> +</div> + +<p>On both sides, and with the 4 outer threads: 4 flat double +knots, fig. <a href="#fig_516">516</a>, detail +<i>d</i>; 2 more bars on +the right and left, but +in the opposite direction, +and knotting all +the threads even to +the last one, fig. <a href="#fig_555">555</a>. +Take the 4 middle +threads and make 6 +flat double knots and then turn the bars of knots inwards; the +return of the cord is indicated as before in fig. <a href="#fig_555">555</a>.</p> +<p><a name="Page_361" id="Page_361"></a></p> +<p><b><a name="Macrameacute_borders" id="Macrameacute_borders"></a>Macramé borders</b> (figs. <a href="#fig_556">556</a>, <a href="#fig_557">557</a>, <a href="#fig_558">558</a>, <a href="#fig_559">559</a>).—Length of +the single threads for No. 6 of Coton à tricoter D.M.C: 50 c/m.</p> + +<p>Knot the threads on for both these borders in the ordinary +way, followed by a single horizontal bar +of knots. For fig. <a href="#fig_556">556</a>, make a triple slanting +bar of knots, with 4 threads, slanting +one from right to left and one from left +to right; then make a single horizontal bar +and add another series of triple bars +slanting the opposite way; complete the +pattern by a vertical bar, lay another cord +and make a horizontal bar upon it on the +wrong side of the work and finish by tying +the threads together, two and two, as +shown in fig. <a href="#fig_558">558</a>, detail <i>a</i>, cut them, detail +<i>b</i>, and push the knot upwards, detail <i>c</i>.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 450px;"> +<img src="images/571.jpg" alt="FIG. 556. MACRAMÉ BORDER." title="" /> +<a name="fig_556" id="fig_556"></a><span class="caption smcap">Fig. 556. Macramé border.</span> +</div> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 450px;"> +<img src="images/572.jpg" alt="FIG. 557. MACRAMÉ BORDER." title="" /> +<a name="fig_557" id="fig_557"></a><span class="caption"><span class="smcap">Fig. 557. Macramé border. +<br /> +Materials</span>: Coton à tricoter D.M.C Nos. 6 to 10, +Fil à pointer D.M.C Nos. 10 to 30, or Fil à dentelle +D.M.C Nos. 25 to 70.<a href="#Footnote_A" class="fnanchor">[A]</a><br /> +<span class="smcap">Colours</span>—For fig. <a href="#fig_556">556</a>: Bleu-Lapis 342 or Bleu-Gentiane +480—For fig. <a href="#fig_557">557</a>: Rouge-Turc 321 or Rouge-Cerise 3318.<a href="#Footnote_A" class="fnanchor">[A]</a></span> +</div> + + + +<p>For fig. <a href="#fig_557">557</a> take 8 threads for a group +of knots. Make all the bars slanting from +right to left first, fig. <a href="#fig_559">559</a>, then take the +5th thread, counting +from left to right, +for the cord, fig. <a href="#fig_559">559</a> +again, and begin the +second series of bars +of knots, slanting +from left to right. +Fasten off the +threads as already +explained in fig. <a href="#fig_558">558</a>.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 225px;"> +<img src="images/573.jpg" alt="FIG. 558. WORKING DETAIL OF +FIGS. 556 AND 557." title="" /> +<a name="fig_558" id="fig_558"></a><span class="caption smcap">Fig. 558. Working detail of +figs. <a href="#fig_556">556</a> and <a href="#fig_557">557</a>.</span> +</div> + +<p>The same pattern +can also be used as +an insertion: bags +for instance, look +very well made of +alternate stripes of +this insertion and +<a name="Page_362" id="Page_362"></a>stripes made of flat knots. The openwork +stripes must be wider than the +close ones.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;"> +<img src="images/574.jpg" alt="FIG. 559. WORKING DETAIL OF FIG. 557." title="" /> +<a name="fig_559" id="fig_559"></a><span class="caption smcap">Fig. 559. Working detail of fig. <a href="#fig_557">557</a>.</span> +</div> + +<p><b>Macramé fringe</b> +(figs. <a href="#fig_560">560</a> and <a href="#fig_561">561</a>).—Entire +length of the +threads, including the +fringe, for No. 5 of Cordonnet +6 fils D.M.C: +120 c/m.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 375px;"> +<img src="images/575.jpg" alt="FIG. 560. MACRAMÉ FRINGE." title="" /> +<a name="fig_560" id="fig_560"></a><span class="caption"><span class="smcap">Fig. 560. Macramé fringe.<br /> +Materials</span>: Cordonnet 6 fils D.M.C Nos. 3 to 25 +or Fil à dentelle D.M.C Nos. 25 to 50.<br /> +<span class="smcap">Colours</span>: Brun-Cuir 431 and 432, Bleu-Indigo 31</span> +</div> + +<p>1st row—knot on +the threads, as in fig. <a href="#fig_520">520</a>, in the following +order: 4 double blue +threads, 3 single dark +brown, 1 double light +brown, 3 single dark +brown; then again 4 +double blue, and so on.</p> + +<p>2nd row—divide the +threads into groups, so +that the brown threads +come in the middle with +4 blue ones on either +side. Begin on the left += cover the 4th blue +<a name="Page_363" id="Page_363"></a>thread, which comes nearest to the first brown one, with flat +double knots, made over the 1st, 2nd and 3rd brown thread +and the light brown one = +cover the 3rd blue thread with +the 4 brown threads and the +4th blue, which served as the +cord in the 1st row of knots = +cover the 2nd blue thread with +the 4 brown and the 4th and +3rd blue = cover the 1st blue +with the 4 brown and the 4th, +3rd and 2nd blue.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 300px;"> +<img src="images/576.jpg" alt="FIG. 561. WORKING DETAIL OF FIG. 560" title="" /> +<a name="fig_561" id="fig_561"></a><span class="caption smcap">Fig. 561. Working detail of fig. <a href="#fig_560">560</a></span> +</div> + +<p>In the working detail, fig. <a href="#fig_561">561</a>, the dark lines represent the +blue threads, the light ones, the +brown.</p> + +<p>When the quadruple bar, slanting +from left to right, is finished, +make a similar one, from right to +left, then connect the 1st and 16th +thread by a double knot and pass +the first blue thread on the left +over to the right group.</p> + +<p>2nd row—make similar groups, +reversed, so that the brown knots +come next to the last blue ones and +the blue knots again terminate the +groups of bars; the brown threads +will be stretched flat between the +preceding group and the next.</p> + +<p>3rd and 5th row—like the first.</p> + +<p>4th row—like the 2nd.</p> + +<p>After the 5th row of groups, take +4 brown threads on either side of +the blue knots, and make them into a double chain, fig. <a href="#fig_546">546</a>, +<a name="Page_364" id="Page_364"></a>consisting of 12 knots, and make 6 flat double knots with the +last threads.</p> + +<p>Lastly, unite all the threads of one group of bars, and make +them into a handsome tassel by the addition of other threads.</p> + +<p><b>Macramé fringe</b> (fig. <a href="#fig_562">562</a>).—Entire +length of the threads for No. 3 +of Cordonnet 6 fils D.M.C: 75 c/m.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;"> +<img src="images/577.jpg" alt="FIG. 562. MACRAMÉ FRINGE." title="" /> +<a name="fig_562" id="fig_562"></a><span class="caption"><span class="smcap">Fig. 562. Macramé fringe.<br /> +Materials</span>: Cordonnet 6 fils D.M.C +Nos. 3 to 15 or Fil à dentelle +D.M.C Nos. 25 to 50.<a href="#Footnote_A" class="fnanchor">[A]</a><br /> +<span class="smcap">Colours</span>: Écru, or any light shade +mentioned in the D.M.C +colour card.<a href="#Footnote_A" class="fnanchor">[A]</a></span> +</div> + +<p>1st row—Knot on the threads +as in fig. <a href="#fig_527">527</a>, succeeded by a double +horizontal bar of knots.</p> + +<p>2nd row—twisted or waved knots +with 4 knots, fig. <a href="#fig_531">531</a>.</p> + +<p>3rd row—double horizontal bar +of knots.</p> + +<p>4th row—with 6 threads: 1 double +bar, slanting from left to right, +and 1 bar, from right to left, joined +together by the last threads.</p> + +<p>5th row—with the 4 threads +coming from the groups of bars: 1 +single chain, fig. <a href="#fig_545">545</a>, with 4 crossings +of the threads, quite close to the point +where the groups meet, and 1 single +chain with 7 crossings, made with the +outside threads.</p> + +<p>6th row—similar groups of bars +to those of the 4th row, but set the +reverse way and terminating in a +horizontal bar. For the tassels, add +a thick bunch of threads to each group +of 6 threads that issues from the work.</p> + +<p><b>Fringe with mosaic border</b> +(figs. <a href="#fig_563">563</a>, <a href="#fig_564">564</a>, <a href="#fig_565">565</a>).—Entire length +of the threads for No. 8 of Cordonnet +6 fils D.M.C: 75 c/m.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 300px;"> +<img src="images/578.jpg" alt="FIG. 563. FRINGE WITH MOSAIC +BORDER." title="" /> +<a name="fig_563" id="fig_563"></a><span class="caption"><span class="smcap">Fig. 563. Fringe with mosaic +border.<br /> +Materials</span>: Cordonnet 6 fils +D.M.C Nos. 8 to 30, or Fil à +dentelle D.M.C Nos. 25 to 50.<br /> + +<span class="smcap">Colours</span>: Écru, Brun-Acajou +401 and Rouge-Cardinal 347.</span> +</div> + +<p>1st row—knot the threads on, as in fig. <a href="#fig_515">515</a>, one écru and +one brown alternately, succeeded by a single horizontal bar of +double knots.</p><p><a name="Page_365" id="Page_365"></a></p> + +<p>2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th row—4 rows of knots, such as are +seen in fig. <a href="#fig_564">564</a>, in process of being made, and in fig. <a href="#fig_565">565</a>, +finished, and succeeded by a flat knot. The colours alternate +in the knots; in the 2nd and 4th row the knot is set in the +light colour, in the 3rd and 5th, in the dark.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 300px;"> +<a name="fig_564" id="fig_564"></a><a name="fig_565" id="fig_565"></a> +<div class="figleft" style="width: 100px;"> +<img src="images/579.jpg" alt="FIG. 564. +KNOT OPEN. +WORKING DETAIL +OF FIG. 563." title="" /> +<span class="caption smcap">Fig. 564. +Knot open.<br /> +Working detail +of fig. <a href="#fig_563">563</a>.</span> +</div> + +<div class="figright" style="width: 100px;"> +<img src="images/580.jpg" alt="FIG. 565. +KNOT SHUT. +WORKING DETAIL +OF FIG. 563." title="" /> +<span class="caption smcap">Fig. 565. +Knot shut.<br /> +Working detail +of fig. <a href="#fig_563">563</a>.</span> +</div> +</div> + +<p>6th row—1 horizontal bar of double knots over a fresh +cord.</p> + +<p>7th row—lay down another cord, make another horizontal +bar of knots and between every second of the light double knots, +loop on 1 red thread; the loop, that fastens it to the cord, +taking the place of the knot.</p> + +<p>8th row—lay down a third cord, and make 2 double knots +with the red threads between the knots of écru thread.</p> + +<p>9th row—lay down a fourth cord, make +a half knot with every red thread.</p> + +<p>10th row—lay down a fifth cord, then +make a horizontal bar of double knots, as +in the 6th row; the red threads are taken +to the wrong side and passed over. Knot +the ends of the threads together in clusters +of 6, about 15 m/m. below the last cord +of knots.</p> + +<p><b>Macramé ground</b> (figs. <a href="#fig_566">566</a>, <a href="#fig_567">567</a>, <a href="#fig_568">568</a>).—Fill the shuttles +<a name="Page_366" id="Page_366"></a>with the length of thread that you think will be required for +the work.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 250px;"> +<img src="images/581.jpg" alt="FIG. 566. +MACRAMÉ GROUND." title="" /> +<a name="fig_566" id="fig_566"></a><span class="caption"><span class="smcap">Fig. 566. +Macramé ground.<br /> +Materials</span>: Cordonnet +6 fils D.M.C Nos. 15 to +30 or Fil à dentelle +D.M.C Nos. 25 to 50.<a href="#Footnote_A" class="fnanchor">[A]</a><br /> +<span class="smcap">Colours</span>: Écru and +Bleu-Indigo 322, or Vert-Perroquet +697 and +Rouge-Écarlate 498.<a href="#Footnote_A" class="fnanchor">[A]</a></span> +</div> + +<p>1st row—knot the threads on, as in fig. <a href="#fig_515">515</a>, 4 blue and +4 écru alternately, and make a double horizontal bar.</p> + +<p>2nd row—beginning in the middle, make 2 flat double +knots with 8 blue threads; with the 4 blue threads on the left, +make a quadruple group of bars over the 4 blue threads on the +right. These quadruple groups of bars, called «shell bars» are +illustrated in detail in fig. <a href="#fig_567">567</a>. Unite the blue threads at the +sides by flat double knots.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;"> +<a name="fig_567" id="fig_567"></a><a name="fig_568" id="fig_568"></a> +<div class="figleft" style="width: 250px;"> +<img src="images/582.jpg" alt="FIG. 567. +SHELL BAR. +WORKING DETAIL OF FIG. 566." title="" /> +<span class="caption smcap">Fig. 567. +Shell bar. +Working detail of fig. <a href="#fig_566">566</a>.</span> +</div> + +<div class="figright" style="width: 200px;"> +<img src="images/583.jpg" alt="FIG. 568. +OPENWORK PART OF +FIG. 566." title="" /> +<span class="caption smcap">Fig. 568. +Openwork part of +fig. <a href="#fig_566">566</a>.</span> +</div> +</div> + +<p>The beginning and continuation of the openwork parts of +the pattern are explained +in fig. <a href="#fig_568">568</a>.</p> + +<p>The threads that issue +from the last group of +knots are used for making +the second shell bar, +the two inner bars of +which are made in écru +cotton, and the two outer +in blue. When this striped +shell bar is finished, +the blue threads are +again united for the +openwork figure.</p> + +<p><b>Fringe with foundation +worked on the +wrong side</b> (figs. <a href="#fig_569">569</a>, +<a href="#fig_570">570</a>, <a href="#fig_571">571</a>, <a href="#fig_572">572</a>).—Entire +length of the threads for +No. 8 of Coton à tricoter +D.M.C: 80 c/m.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 375px;"> +<img src="images/584.jpg" alt="FIG. 569. +FRINGE WITH FOUNDATION WORKED ON THE +WRONG SIDE." title="" /> +<a name="fig_569" id="fig_569"></a><span class="caption"><span class="smcap">Fig. 569. +Fringe with foundation worked on the +wrong side.<br /> +Materials</span>: Coton à tricoter D.M.C Nos. 8 to 16, +Cordonnet 6 fils D.M.C Nos. 5 to 25, Fil à pointer +D.M.C Nos. 6 to 30, or Fil à dentelle D.M.C +Nos. 25 to 50.<a href="#Footnote_A" class="fnanchor">[A]</a><br /> +<span class="smcap">Colours</span>: White, Bleu-Indigo 311 and 312 or +Gris-Amadou 385, Brun-Caroubier 356, 357.<a href="#Footnote_A" class="fnanchor">[A]</a></span> +</div> + +<p>Knot the threads on, +as in fig. <a href="#fig_515">515</a> and after +finishing the horizontal bar, make from left to right, over the 1st +thread, 1 double knot made with the 2nd and with the 3rd thread.</p> +<p><a name="Page_367" id="Page_367"></a></p> +<p>Then, over the 2nd thread, which has now become the 1st, +make double knots with the 3rd, 1st, 4th and 5th thread; then, +over the 3rd thread, counting now from right to left, which +in the knotting on figured as the 4th: 1 double knot with the +5th and 2nd thread.</p> + +<p>Make the same group from right to left, only at the 3rd +change of thread make 5 double knots instead of 2, and let the +last knots count for the new group of bars, turned the opposite +way.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 450px;"> +<a name="fig_570" id="fig_570"></a><a name="fig_571" id="fig_571"></a> +<div class="figleft" style="width: 200px;"> +<img src="images/585.jpg" alt="FIG. 570. +OPPOSING BARS. +WORKING DETAIL OF +FIG. 569." title="" /> +<span class="caption smcap">Fig. 570. +Opposing bars.<br /> +Working detail of +fig. <a href="#fig_569">569</a>.</span> +</div> + +<div class="figright" style="width: 200px;"> +<img src="images/586.jpg" alt="FIG. 571. +FORMATION OF THE KNOTS +ON THE WRONG SIDE. +WORKING DETAIL OF FIG. 569." title="" /> +<span class="caption smcap">Fig. 571. +Formation of the knots +on the wrong side.<br /> +Working detail of fig. <a href="#fig_569">569</a>.</span> +</div> +</div> + +<p>In the middle of two opposing groups of bars, make a flat +double knot with 2 of the right threads and 2 of the left.</p> + +<p>When the second horizontal bar is finished, turn the work +round, and go on working on the wrong side, making plain +double knots, as in fig. <a href="#fig_571">571</a>, turned in one row, all from right +to left, and in the next, from left to right.</p> + +<p>When you have worked 10 such rows of knots, begin to +make one knot less on either side of a group, so as to form +pointed scallops of knots which you finish off with a plain bar.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 200px;"> +<img src="images/587.jpg" alt="FIG. 572. +APPEARANCE OF THE KNOTS +ON THE RIGHT SIDE. +WORKING DETAIL OF +FIG. 569." title="" /> +<a name="fig_572" id="fig_572"></a><span class="caption smcap">Fig. 572. +Appearance of the knots +on the right side.<br /> + +Working detail of +fig. <a href="#fig_569">569</a>.</span> +</div> + +<p>Tassels are then made with the threads that issue from +each scallop, and when these are sewn up, turn the work +round to the right side, where the knots, made on the wrong +side, will present the appearance indicated in fig. <a href="#fig_572">572</a>.</p><p><a name="Page_368" id="Page_368"></a></p> + +<p><b>Macramé fringe</b> (fig. <a href="#fig_573">573</a>).—Entire length of the threads +for No. 6 of Coton à tricoter D.M.C: 65 c/m.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 450px;"> +<img src="images/588.jpg" alt="FIG. 573. MACRAMÉ FRINGE." title="" /> +<a name="fig_573" id="fig_573"></a><span class="caption"><span class="smcap">Fig. 573. Macramé fringe. +<br /> +Materials</span>: Coton à tricoter D.M.C No. 6, Cordonnet +6 fils D.M.C Nos. 3 to 25, or Fil à pointer D.M.C +Nos. 10 to 30.<a href="#Footnote_A" class="fnanchor">[A]</a><br /> +<span class="smcap">Colours</span>: Écru, Rouge-Turc 321 and Rouge-Grenat 358 +or Violet-Mauve 315 and 316, and Vert-Bouteille 494.<a href="#Footnote_A" class="fnanchor">[A]</a></span> +</div> + +<p>Knot on double threads, as in figs. <a href="#fig_517">517</a> and <a href="#fig_524">524</a>, to count +as single in the working directions = * 1 thread of red, +colour 358, 3 of écru, 1 of red, colour 358, 1 of red, colour +321, 3 of écru, +1 of red, colour +321, and repeat +from *.</p> + +<p>1st row—6 +chain knots made +with every 4 +threads.</p> + +<p>2nd row—a +single horizontal +bar of knots.</p> + +<p>3rd row—collecting +knots, +fig. <a href="#fig_530">530</a>, made +with the écru +threads over the +4 dark and the 4 +light red ones, +and flat double +knots over the 4 +écru threads.</p> + +<p>4th row—collecting knots over 4 écru threads with 4 red +and 2 écru threads.</p> + +<p>5th row—collecting knots in the centre of the groups, with +the écru threads.</p> + +<p>6th row—similar to the 4th.</p> + +<p>7th row—similar to the 5th.</p> + +<p>Then take the red threads on the right and left and twist +them, each cluster separately, from left to right between the +thumb and forefinger, as you do in making a cord, then unite +them together, twisting them from left to right. Fasten off the +<a name="Page_369" id="Page_369"></a>cord by a knot, beneath which the ends of thread form a little +tassel. Collect all the écru threads +together and make them into a heavy +tassel with the aid of supplementary +threads.</p> + +<p><b>Border with shell knots</b> (figs. <a href="#fig_574">574</a>, +<a href="#fig_575">575</a>, <a href="#fig_576">576</a>, <a href="#fig_577">577</a>).—Fill the macramé +shuttles with the requisite length of +thread. Knot the threads on, as in fig. <a href="#fig_520">520</a>, in the following order; 1 double +thread of colour 471, 6 double threads +of colour 450, 2 of colour 471, 6 of colour +450, 1 of colour 471.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 225px;"> +<img src="images/589.jpg" alt="FIG. 574. +BORDER WITH SHELL KNOTS." title="" /> +<a name="fig_574" id="fig_574"></a><span class="caption"><span class="smcap">Fig. 574. Border with shell knots.<br /> +Materials</span>: Cordonnet 6 fils +D.M.C Nos. 5 to 25.<a href="#Footnote_A" class="fnanchor">[A]</a> + +<br /><span class="smcap">Colours</span>: Vert-Mousse 471 +and Rouge-Cornouille 450, +or Rouge-Framboise 686 +and Gris-Coutil 323.<a href="#Footnote_A" class="fnanchor">[A]</a></span> +</div> + +<p>From left to right and over the 1st +thread: 1 double knot with the 2nd +thread; over the 4th thread of colour 450, +and from right to left, double knots with +the 3rd, 2nd and 1st thread of the same +colour = from left to right: 1 double +knot with the 6th thread of colour 450 +over the 5th, and with the 3rd thread +over the 2nd = from right to left: 5 +double knots over the 8th thread of +colour 450 = from left to right: 1 double +knot over the 10th thread, 1 double +knot over the 5th thread, 1 double knot +over the 1st thread = from right to left: +7 double knots over the 12th thread = from left to right: 3 +detached double knots.</p> + +<p>Then, from left to right, and subsequently from right to +left = with 6 green threads: 2 double bars slanting over the 2 +red threads (see the top of fig. <a href="#fig_577">577</a>); unite the 4 red threads in +the middle and make a shell knot with them, fig. <a href="#fig_575">575</a>, consisting +of 6 flat knots, fig. <a href="#fig_576">576</a>; take 2 threads on the right and 2 on the +left, turn them down to the left and right, and then from the +wrong side to the right, over the threads that come from the +<a name="Page_370" id="Page_370"></a>bars and close with a flat knot. On the sides, make double +bars and between each bar, 2 single chain knots.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 300px;"> +<a name="fig_575" id="fig_575"></a><a name="fig_576" id="fig_576"></a> +<div class="figleft" style="width: 150px;"> +<img src="images/590.jpg" alt="FIG. 575. LARGE SHELL +KNOT, OPEN." title="" /> +<span class="caption smcap">Fig. 575. Large shell +knot, open. +<br /> +Working detail of +fig. <a href="#fig_574">574</a>.</span> +</div> + +<div class="figright" style="width: 100px;"> +<img src="images/591.jpg" alt="FIG. 576. +LARGE SHELL KNOT, +SHUT." title="" /> +<span class="caption smcap">Fig. 576. +Large shell knot, +shut.<br /> +Working detail +of fig. <a href="#fig_574">574</a>.</span> +</div> +</div> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 300px;"> +<img src="images/592.jpg" alt="FIG. 577. +OPENWORK PART OF FIG. 574." title="" /> +<a name="fig_577" id="fig_577"></a><span class="caption smcap">Fig. 577. +Openwork part of fig. <a href="#fig_574">574</a>.</span> +</div> + +<p>Fill the empty spaces under +the outside shell knots, with 9 flat +double knots; under the middle +knot make bars of inter-crossed +knots, of which a clear explanation +will be found in fig. <a href="#fig_577">577</a>.</p> + +<p>To join two borders of the kind +together, pass the thread of the +second border over the thread on +which the bar in the middle of +the outer scallop is knotted.</p> + +<p><b>Fringe with shell knots</b> (fig. <a href="#fig_578">578</a>).—Entire length of the single +threads for No. 12 of Coton à +tricoter D.M.C: 90 c/m.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 300px;"> +<img src="images/593.jpg" alt="FIG. 578. FRINGE WITH SHELL KNOTS." title="" /> +<a name="fig_578" id="fig_578"></a><span class="caption"><span class="smcap">Fig. 578. Fringe with shell knots. +<br /> +Materials</span>: Coton à tricoter D.M.C +Nos. 6 to 15. +<br /> +<span class="smcap">Colours</span>: Écru and Rouge-Turc 321.</span> +</div> + +<p>The threads must be taken +double, counting as one. Knot +them on, as in fig. <a href="#fig_524">524</a>. This +exceedingly effective pattern is a +very simple one to work and can +easily be copied from the engraving +by following, for the bars, +figs. <a href="#fig_537">537</a> to <a href="#fig_544">544</a>; for the collec<a name="Page_371" id="Page_371"></a>ting +knots fig. <a href="#fig_530">530</a>, for the large shell knots figs. <a href="#fig_575">575</a> and <a href="#fig_576">576</a>, +and for the chain of flat double knots, fig. <a href="#fig_536">536</a> detail <i>a</i>.</p> + +<p>The tassels that complete the fringe must depend from +the last collecting knot and hang between the triple bars of +knots and beneath the collecting knot.</p> + +<p><b>Macramé border or fringe</b> (fig. <a href="#fig_579">579</a>).—Entire length of +the threads for No. 10 of Cordonnet 6 fils D.M.C: 170 c/m.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;"> +<img src="images/594.jpg" alt="FIG. 579. MACRAMÉ BORDER OR FRINGE." title="" /> +<a name="fig_579" id="fig_579"></a><span class="caption"><span class="smcap">Fig. 579. Macramé border or fringe.<br /> +Materials</span>: Cordonnet 6 fils D.M.C Nos. 10 to 20, Fil à dentelle D.M.C +Nos. 25 to 50, or Fil à pointer D.M.C No. 30.<a href="#Footnote_A" class="fnanchor">[A]</a><br /> +<span class="smcap">Colours</span>: Écru, Rouge-Turc 321 and Bleu-Indigo 312.<a href="#Footnote_A" class="fnanchor">[A]</a></span> +</div> + +<p>1st row—knot on the threads with double round picots, +and one horizontal double bar. The colours should succeed +each other as follows: * 4 blue scallops, 4 écru, 5 red, 4 écru, +repeat from *.</p> + +<p>2nd row—begin working from right to left: 1 single chain +<a name="Page_372" id="Page_372"></a>with 2 single threads, fig. <a href="#fig_545">545</a>, and 7 changes of the threads; +after the 3rd change of the threads, connect the 2nd chain with +the 3rd, the 4th with the 5th. Finish off every 2 chains with +a flat double knot.</p> + +<p>Make, over the first blue threads; 1 waved plait, fig. <a href="#fig_531">531</a> +detail <i>b</i>, = over the 14th écru thread: 1 bar of double knots, +3 going and 4 returning = over the last 2 red threads: waved +knots, and repeat from * = then lay down 2 fresh cords, to +make a double horizontal bar of knots.</p> + +<p>3rd row—with the blue threads: 5 large shell knots, fig. <a href="#fig_576">576</a>, 1 triple bar of double knots to the left and right = between +the bars 9 large shell knots = 1 triple bar of double +knots to the right and left and finish with 5 large shell knots, +as above.</p> + +<p>With the écru threads: 3 flat double knots, 1 double horizontal +bar of knots = over the last écru thread: 3 waved +knots with 12 changes of the threads = 1 more double bar of +knots = join the cord to the outside thread of the blue triple +bar. With the red threads: 1 shell knot, figs. <a href="#fig_576">576</a> and <a href="#fig_577">577</a>, +over 12 threads; 1 double bar on both sides of the shell knot +with the outside threads, 1 single chain, consisting of 7 changes +of the threads, made with the outside red threads; join the red +thread and the light one that comes from the double bar together, +on the left.</p> + +<p>The light thread is afterwards looped into the blue thread +on the right = 4 collecting knots over 6 red threads on the +right and left, 1 collecting knot over all the red threads and +one, on both sides, over 6 red threads.</p> + +<p>After joining the threads on both sides, carry on the single +chain with 3 changes of the threads = over the first red thread +of the left chain, make 1 double horizontal bar with all the +disengaged threads = below the bar, 4 flat double knots = 1 +single horizontal bar = 8 double knots, each over a single +thread = 1 double bar of knots.</p> + +<p>From this point, continue with the écru threads: 1 row of +double knots, 1 double horizontal bar and 1 waved plait; +then join: 2 blue threads and 2 écru, and 2 écru and 2 red, +<a name="Page_373" id="Page_373"></a>together, to make flat double knots; the double knots between +remain of one colour.</p> + +<p>The bottom border is +like the top one with the +exception of the picots.</p> + +<p>When this pattern is +to be used for an insertion +or a gimp, the threads +should be fastened off, as +indicated in fig. <a href="#fig_558">558</a>.</p> + +<p><b>Macramé border</b> (figs. +<a href="#fig_580">580</a>, <a href="#fig_581">581</a>, <a href="#fig_582">582</a>).—Wind +the threads on shuttles +and knot them on, as in +fig. <a href="#fig_515">515</a>, in the following +order: 2 threads of, either +colour 334 or Chiné d'or +(blue and gold), 2 of colour +330, 2 of colour 392, 1 of +colour 432, 1 of colour +310, 2 of colour 430, 1 of +colour 310, 1 of colour +432, 2 of colour 392, 2 +of colour 330, 2 of colour +334, or of Chiné d'or blue +and gold.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 225px;"> +<img src="images/595.jpg" alt="FIG. 580. +MACRAMÉ BORDER" title="" /> +<a name="fig_580" id="fig_580"></a><span class="caption"><span class="smcap">Fig. 580. +Macramé border.<br /> +Materials</span>: Coton à tricoter +D.M.C Nos. 15 to 30, +Cordonnet 6 fils D.M.C +Nos. 10 to 30, or Fil à dentelle +D.M.C Nos. 25 to 50 and +Chiné d'or D.M.C<a href="#Footnote_A" class="fnanchor">[A]</a><br /> +<span class="smcap">Colours</span>: Noir grand teint +310, Gris-Tilleul 392 and 330, +Brun-Cuir 430 and 432, Bleu-Indigo +334 or Chiné d'or +D.M.C, Bleu et Or.<a href="#Footnote_A" class="fnanchor">[A]</a></span> +</div> + +<p>Begin with the open +work on either side of the +crossed bars, figs. <a href="#fig_581">581</a> and +<a href="#fig_582">582</a>, with 4 blue threads +and by 4 changes of the +threads outwards and 3 inwards = the +same with 4 light green threads with +3 changes outwards and 2 inwards = then with the dark +green threads, with 2 changes outwards and 3 inwards =<a name="Page_374" id="Page_374"></a> +over the 4th dark green thread, 1 double knot with the 1st +dark green thread with the 4th light green one and with the +4 blue.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 300px;"> +<a name="fig_581" id="fig_581"></a><a name="fig_582" id="fig_582"></a> +<div class="figleft" style="width: 100px;"> +<img src="images/596.jpg" alt="FIG. 581. +CROSSED BAR +SLANTING TO THE +LEFT. +WORKING DETAIL OF +FIG. 580." title="" /> +<span class="caption smcap">Fig. 581. +Crossed bar +slanting to the +left. +Working detail of +fig. <a href="#fig_580">580</a>.</span> +</div> + +<div class="figright" style="width: 125px;"> +<img src="images/597.jpg" alt="FIG. 582. CROSSED +BAR SLANTING TO +THE RIGHT. +WORKING DETAIL OF +FIG. 580." title="" /> +<span class="caption smcap">Fig. 582. crossed +bar slanting to +the right. +Working detail of +fig. <a href="#fig_580">580</a>.</span> +</div> +</div> + +<p>Over the 3 next, dark green threads, knot the 4 light green +threads and the 4 blue, from right to left, and from left to +right, thus forming altogether 8 bars across the first bar = +then knot the 8 first threads over the last dark green one = +add a crossed bar with 7 changes of the threads outwards and +5 inwards.</p> + +<p>Middle group, left side: 1 double knot with the first light +brown thread over the second thread; 3 double knots with the +black threads (the only ones that are to be taken double) and +2 light brown threads over the 1st and 2nd dark brown ones.</p> + +<p>In the 2nd bar, knot the 1st dark brown thread, and in +the 3rd, the 4 dark brown ones, over the black thread. On the +right, a similar group, slanting towards the one on the left.</p> + +<p>On the left—over the 1st light brown thread coming from +the right, 1 double knot, made with 2 light and 2 dark brown +threads, and the black one, all coming from the left.</p> + +<p>On the right—over the 1st light brown thread coming from +the left, 1 double knot with 1 light and 2 dark brown threads +and the black one (used double).</p> + +<p>On the left—over the light brown thread coming from the +right, 1 double knot with one light and 2 dark brown threads +and the black one.</p> + +<p>On the right—over the light brown thread, 1 double knot +with 2 dark brown threads and the black one.</p> + +<p>On the left—the same knots as on the right.</p> + +<p>On the right—over the 1 dark brown thread 1 knot with +1 brown thread and the black one.</p> + +<p>On the left—the same knots as on the right.</p> + +<p>On the right—over the 1st dark brown thread, 1 knot with +a brown thread and the black one.</p> + +<p>On the left—the same knots over the last thread.</p> + +<p>On the right—over the last brown thread one knot with +the black one.</p> + +<p>On the left—over the 4 light green threads and the 4 blue +ones, double knots with the 4 brown threads and the black +<a name="Page_375" id="Page_375"></a>one = 1 double knot with the +1st light brown thread over +the 2nd, 3 double knots over +the 2nd dark brown thread, +with 2 light threads and 1 dark +brown = 4 double knots with +the 2 light and the 2 dark +brown threads over the black +one; after which you make 5 +other bars, taking the last +thread turned inwards for the +cord. Make similar groups, +slanting from right to left, +then, beginning again on the +left, make the knots with the +4 light green threads over the +1st thread of the same colour +running from right to left.</p> + +<p>On the right—knot 3 light +green threads over the 1st +thread coming from the left +and repeat the same group +twice, on both sides.</p> + +<p>The third bar forms, at the +same time, the first scallop of +a triple crossed bar, which has +also to be made on the right.</p> + +<p>The two crossed bars finish +with a triple group of bars; +the last bar of which, on the +right, consists of only one +double knot.</p> + +<p>There remain to be made, +on both sides, crossed bars +with three whole scallops inside, +one outside, and one half +one, top and bottom.</p> + +<p>Knot all the other threads over the 4 blue and the 4 light +<a name="Page_376" id="Page_376"></a>green ones = in the middle, knot the right and the left threads, +alternately, till the black threads meet at the point.</p> + +<p>Turn the group of bars, edged with blue and light green, +inwards, and finish it off by a crossed bar, with 3 scallops +inside.</p> + +<p><b>Macramé fringe</b> (figs. <a href="#fig_583">583</a> and <a href="#fig_584">584</a>).—Entire length of +the threads for No. 15 of Cordonnet 6 fils D.M.C: 120 c/m.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;"> +<img src="images/598.jpg" alt="FIG. 583. MACRAMÉ FRINGE." title="" /> +<a name="fig_583" id="fig_583"></a><span class="caption"><span class="smcap">Fig. 583. Macramé fringe. +<br /> +Materials</span>: Cordonnet 6 fils D.M.C Nos. +15 to 30, Fil à pointer D.M.C Nos. 10 to +30, or Fil à dentelle Nos. 25 to 50. +<br /> +<span class="smcap">Colours</span>: Écru and Brun-Havane 455, +or Gris-Tilleul 391 and 331.</span> +</div> + +<p>1st row—knot the threads +on with picots, fig. <a href="#fig_519">519</a>, 6 écru +and 6 brown.</p> + +<p>2nd row—double and slanting +bars made with 6 single +threads, succeeded by a double +horizontal bar.</p> + +<p>3rd row—begin with the +light threads and make bars +with double knots between, as +in fig. <a href="#fig_577">577</a>, and finish at the +sides with 2 bars made with +the brown threads; for the +dark brown bars, see also figs. +<a href="#fig_555">555</a>, <a href="#fig_561">561</a>, <a href="#fig_568">568</a>, for the crossed +bars, fig. <a href="#fig_584">584</a>.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 275px;"> +<img src="images/599.jpg" alt="FIG. 584. WORKING DETAIL OF FIG. 583." title="" /> +<a name="fig_584" id="fig_584"></a><span class="caption smcap">Fig. 584. Working detail of fig. <a href="#fig_583">583</a>.</span> +</div> + +<p>This pattern should always +end in such a manner that the +light openwork figure form the +scallop and be framed with the +brown knot.</p> + +<p><b>Macramé fringe</b> (fig. <a href="#fig_585">585</a>).—Entire +length of the threads +for No. 12 of Coton à tricoter +D.M.C: 96 c/m.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 300px;"> +<img src="images/600.jpg" alt="FIG. 585. MACRAMÉ FRINGE." title="" /> +<a name="fig_585" id="fig_585"></a><span class="caption"><span class="smcap">Fig. 585. Macramé fringe.<br /> +Materials</span>: Coton à tricoter D.M.C Nos. +6 to 16, Cordonnet 6 fils D.M.C Nos. 8 +to 20, or Fil à dentelle D.M.C Nos. 25 +to 50.<a href="#Footnote_A" class="fnanchor">[A]</a><br /> +<span class="smcap">Colours</span>: Brun-Cuir 325 and Brun-Marron +403, 405, 407.<a href="#Footnote_A" class="fnanchor">[A]</a></span> +</div> + +<p>This pattern is so easy that +we refer our readers to figs. +<a href="#fig_544">544</a> and <a href="#fig_561">561</a> for the working of +it, merely remarking, that the bars are made alternately from +<a name="Page_377" id="Page_377"></a>right to left, and from left to right, +and that 3 threads are knotted over +the cord that runs from the left +and 4, over the one from the right.</p> + +<p>This fringe will always be +found most effective in appearance +if it be made in four shades of +one colour, knotted on in succession.</p> + +<p><b>Macramé fringe or ground</b> +(figs. <a href="#fig_586">586</a> and <a href="#fig_587">587</a>).—Entire length +of the threads for No. 8 of Cordonnet +6 fils D.M.C: 150 c/m.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 300px;"> +<img src="images/601.jpg" alt="FIG. 586. MACRAMÉ FRINGE." title="" /> +<a name="fig_586" id="fig_586"></a><span class="caption"><span class="smcap">Fig. 586. Macramé fringe.<br /> +Materials</span>: The same as for fig. <a href="#fig_585">585</a>.<br /> +<span class="smcap">Colours</span>: Gris-Tilleul 331 and +Violet-Mauve 315 or, Bleu cendré 448 +and Rouge-Cornouille 450, Bleu-Canard +3309 and Rouge-Maroquin +3328, etc.</span> +</div> + +<p>This effective pattern is not +difficult, save in appearance, so +that it is unnecessary to describe +it in detail; for the knotting on, +see fig. <a href="#fig_525">525</a>; for the plain bars, +figs. <a href="#fig_539">539</a> to <a href="#fig_544">544</a>; for the collecting +knots, fig. <a href="#fig_530">530</a>. The only difficult +point is where the threads cross +each other inside the bars and +form a check and by carefully +following the course of the knots +in fig. <a href="#fig_587">587</a>, that will be +easily overcome.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 350px;"> +<img src="images/602.jpg" alt="FIG. 587. WORKING DETAIL OF FIG. 586." title="" /> +<a name="fig_587" id="fig_587"></a><span class="caption smcap">Fig. 587. Working detail of fig. <a href="#fig_586">586</a>.</span> +</div> + +<p><b>Fringe or ground with +picots</b> (fig. <a href="#fig_588">588</a>).—Wind +the threads on shuttles and +do the knotting on, as in +fig. <a href="#fig_521">521</a>, followed by a double +horizontal bar.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 350px;"> +<img src="images/603.jpg" alt="FIG. 588. FRINGE OR GROUND WITH PICOTS." title="" /> +<a name="fig_588" id="fig_588"></a><span class="caption"><span class="smcap">Fig. 588. Fringe or ground with picots.<br /> +Materials</span>: Cordonnet 6 fils D.M.C +Nos. 10 to 40 or Fil à dentelle D.M.C +Nos. 25 to 50.<a href="#Footnote_A" class="fnanchor">[A]</a><br /> +<span class="smcap">Colours</span>: White, écru, or any light shade +mentioned in the D.M.C colour card.<a href="#Footnote_A" class="fnanchor">[A]</a></span> +</div> + +<p>Leave a small space between +the double bar and +the 3rd bar, which is a single +one, in which you cross the +threads without knotting +them.</p><p><a name="Page_378" id="Page_378"></a></p> + +<p>Beginning on the left—over the 2nd and 3rd thread: 2 +buttonhole knots, 1 picot, 2 button hole knots = over the 1st, +2nd and 3rd thread: 1 double knot with each of the 3 next +threads = over the 6th and 7th with the 5th thread: 4 buttonhole +knots with 1 picot after the 2nd knot.</p> + +<p>With each of the 4 next threads, that is the 8th, 9th, 10th +and 11th: 1 flat double knot followed by: 1 bar of double +knots over the 12th thread as +the cord, made with the 11th, +10th and 9th thread = add +1 bar with the 11th thread as +the cord, and the 7 next ones +as the knotting threads = add +1 bar with the 10th thread +as the cord, and the 7 next +ones as the knotting threads. +Leave 3 threads free on the +right = with the 8 threads +on the left: 1 bar over the +thread before these 3 threads += leave 3 free again on the +right = 1 quintuple bar with +the remaining threads.</p> + +<p>* 1 flat double knot with +the 15th, 16th and 17th thread += with the 20th thread, over +the 19th, 18th and 17th +thread: 4 buttonhole knots +with 1 picot after 2 knots = +knot 4 threads over the 13th +thread and from left to right = from left to right, 2 bars with +all the threads **.</p> + +<p>Over the 2 threads on the left and with the 3rd thread: 4 +buttonhole knots and 1 picot = with the 6 threads from the +left: 2 bars consisting of buttonhole knots and picots = a 3rd +bar with 6 double knots = join it to the last bar.</p> +<p><a name="Page_379" id="Page_379"></a></p> +<p>Leave 2 threads of the bar of buttonhole knots free = +with the outer thread make: 4 buttonhole knots and 1 picot +over the 2nd thread and the cord +of the bar.</p> + +<p>Repeat from * to ** along the +bar, also from right to left.</p> + +<p>Left group—knot the 3 last +threads over the 4th thread and +from left to right.</p> + +<p>Right group—make, from right +to left, 1 bar consisting of 6 double +knots, over the 4th thread counting +from right to left. After these last changes +of the threads no difficulty will be found in +copying the rest of the pattern.</p> + +<p><b>Double fringe</b> (figs. <a href="#fig_589">589</a>, <a href="#fig_590">590</a>, <a href="#fig_591">591</a>, <a href="#fig_592">592</a>).—Entire +length of the threads for No. 10 of +Cordonnet 6 fils D.M.C: 100 c/m., and entire +length for No. 16 of Coton à broder D.M.C: +40 c/m. Knot on, as in fig. <a href="#fig_515">515</a>, 1 thread of +Cordonnet, 4 of Coton à broder (these are to +be taken double) 2 of Cordonnet, 4 of Coton +à broder, and so on.</p><p><a name="Page_380" id="Page_380"></a></p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 325px;"> +<img src="images/604.jpg" alt="FIG. 589. DOUBLE FRINGE" title="" /> +<a name="fig_589" id="fig_589"></a><span class="caption"><span class="smcap">Fig. 589. Double fringe.<br /> +Materials</span>: Cordonnet 6 fils D.M.C +Nos. 10 to 30 and Coton à broder +D.M.C Nos. 16 to 35.<br /> +<span class="smcap">Colours</span>: White for the Cordonnet, +Rouge-Grenat 335 for the Coton +à broder.</span> +</div> + +<p>In the second horizontal bar, you only use the red threads +of Coton à broder for knotting, not the white Cordonnet ones. +To supply their place, knot on two threads of red Coton à +broder under the white threads.</p> + +<p>With the red threads (4 count as one) make 3 rows of collecting +knots, followed +by a single horizontal +bar. Divide the white +threads into twos and +make single chains +with them, the whole +length of the fringe; +the thread must be +changed 8 times for +each chain; then pass +the right chain under +the left one and join +them by a flat double +knot.</p> + +<p>You then, with the +threads turned outwards, right and left, +make the single chain with 5 changes of +the threads and join them together again +by a flat knot.</p> + +<p>The other single chains are made with +6 and 8 changes of the threads and crossed +under the double knots. The tassels, which +the red threads serve as a foundation to, +are begun by: 1 waved plait with two knots, +then 4 single chains, again a waved plait +and 1 berry composed of knots.</p> + +<p>This berry is made over the 8 threads +that come from the chains, with a long auxiliary thread, knotted +as shown in fig. <a href="#fig_590">590</a>.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 125px;"> +<img src="images/605.jpg" alt="FIG. 590. KNOTTED BERRY FOR FIG. 589." title="" /> +<a name="fig_590" id="fig_590"></a><span class="caption smcap">Fig. 590. Knotted berry for fig. <a href="#fig_589">589</a>.</span> +</div> + +<p>Large shell knots, as described in figs. <a href="#fig_591">591</a> and <a href="#fig_592">592</a> may be +substituted in the place of the berry, fig. <a href="#fig_590">590</a>.</p> + + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;"> +<a name="fig_591" id="fig_591"></a><a name="fig_592" id="fig_592"></a> +<div class="figleft" style="width: 150px;"> +<img src="images/606.jpg" alt="FIG. 591. LARGE SHELL KNOT, OPEN." title="" /> +<span class="caption smcap">Fig. 591. Large shell knot, open.</span> +</div> + +<div class="figright" style="width: 175px;"> +<img src="images/607.jpg" alt="FIG. 592. LARGE SHELL KNOT, SHUT." title="" /> +<span class="caption smcap">Fig. 592. Large shell knot, shut.</span> +</div> +</div> + + +<p><a name="Page_381" id="Page_381"></a></p> +<p><b>Macramé border</b> (fig. <a href="#fig_593">593</a>).—Fill 24 shuttles, knotted +together, that is, 2 and 2, and knot on 3 green threads, 6 gold +and 3 green. The changing of the threads and the course of the +knots can be so easily copied from the pattern that a description +in detail is not necessary, it is sufficient to observe that all the +dark parts in the engraving should be worked in green and +the light ones in gold.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 175px;"> +<a href="images/full_608.jpg"><img src="images/608.jpg" alt="FIG. 593. MACRAMÉ BORDER." title="" /></a> +<a name="fig_593" id="fig_593"></a><span class="caption"><span class="smcap">Fig. 593. Macramé border.<br /> +Materials</span>: Cordonnet 6 +fils D.M.C Nos. 10 to 20 +and Or fin D.M.C No. 30.<br /> +COLOUR—For the cotton: +Vert métallique 465<a href="#Footnote_A" class="fnanchor">[A]</a></span> +</div> + +<p><b>Beaded ground</b> (fig. <a href="#fig_594">594</a>).—Knot on 4 threads for every +group of knots, and secure them by a knot and a picot, as shown +in the engraving. Work the groups of knots, as indicated in +fig. <a href="#fig_568">568</a>, and after each group is finished, thread a gold bead on +<a name="Page_382" id="Page_382"></a>to every 2 threads. Our model is worked in écru thread and +gold beads; the latter go very well with any colour and especially +with the more subdued shades of green, such as the Vert-Mousse, +Vert Bouteille and Gris-Tilleul of the D.M.C colour card.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 431px;"> +<img src="images/609.jpg" alt="FIG. 594. BEADED GROUND." title="" /> +<a name="fig_594" id="fig_594"></a><span class="caption"><span class="smcap">Fig. 594. Beaded ground.<br /> +Materials</span>: Cordonnet +6 fils D.M.C No. 25 or +Fil à dentelle D.M.C +Nos. 25 to 50 and gold +beads.<a href="#Footnote_A" class="fnanchor">[A]</a></span> +</div> + + +<p><b>Square of mosaic macramé</b> (figs. <a href="#fig_595">595</a> and <a href="#fig_596">596</a>).—This +little pattern illustrates the way in which tapestry and cross-stitch +patterns can be utilised for macramé.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;"> +<img src="images/610.jpg" alt="FIG. 595. SQUARE OF MOSAIC MACRAMÉ" title="" /> +<a name="fig_595" id="fig_595"></a><span class="caption"><span class="smcap">Fig. 595. Square of mosaic macramé.<br /> +Materials</span>: Fil à pointer D.M.C No. 30, Coton à broder D.M.C No. 16 +and Or fin D.M.C pour la broderie No. 20<a href="#Footnote_A" class="fnanchor">[A]</a><br /> +<span class="smcap">Colours</span>: Rouge-Cardinal 346, Rouge-Grenat 326 and 309, Bleu-Indigo 312 +and 334, Gris-Tilleul 391 and 393<a href="#Footnote_A" class="fnanchor">[A]</a></span> +</div> +<p>All patterns that are drawn on checked paper can be copied +in macramé and even in several colours. For every square, you +count either one single or one double thread, according to the +scale on which the work is to be.</p> + +<p>In the case of a single thread, you count one double knot per +square, in that of a double one, 4 double knots, two in the first +and two in the second row.</p> + +<p>After knotting the threads together, two and two, and pinning +them to the cushion, see letter <i>a</i>, make 2 single chains with +2 changes of the thread, letters +<i>b</i> and <i>c</i>, then take a very +long cord, letter <i>d</i>, and knot on +the threads. The cord forms +picots along two sides of the +square; into which you fasten +threads, letters <i>e</i> and <i>f</i>, for the +single chain formed, on the two +other sides by the knotting +threads.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;"> +<img src="images/611.jpg" alt="FIG. 596. WORKING DETAIL OF FIG. 595." title="" /> +<a name="fig_596" id="fig_596"></a><span class="caption smcap">Fig. 596. Working detail of fig. <a href="#fig_595">595</a>.</span> +</div> + +<p>The coloured threads for +the flowers are knotted on as +the pattern requires it, taking +the place for the time being, of +those with which the foundation +is made, which are left +hanging on the wrong side +until they are wanted again.</p> + +<p>The top leaves of the iris shaped flower, are worked in two +shades of blue; the bottom ones, in three shades of red, the +stalk and the leaves in green, and the little stars, with which +the ground is powdered, in real gold thread.</p><p><a name="Page_383" id="Page_383"></a></p> + +<p>When the ground is finished, you make the same openwork +border at the sides and along the bottom, as at the top and +finish off with very full tassels, hung on over 3 double threads +and made of all the colours used in the square, tied up with +gold thread, fig. <a href="#fig_596">596</a> letter <i>g</i>.</p> + +<p><b>Fringe with three rows of tassels</b> (fig. <a href="#fig_597">597</a>).—As this +kind of fringe is chiefly used for trimming carpets, curtains +and furniture, it is best to make it in the coarsest numbers of +the materials indicated at the foot of the engraving.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;"> +<img src="images/612.jpg" alt="FIG. 597. FRINGE WITH THREE ROWS OF TASSELS." title="" /> +<a name="fig_597" id="fig_597"></a><span class="caption"><span class="smcap">Fig. 597. Fringe with three rows of tassels.<br /> +Materials</span>: Cordonnet 6 fils D.M.C Nos. 3 to 30, or Fil à pointer D.M.C +Nos. 10 to 30<a href="#Footnote_A" class="fnanchor">[A]</a><br /> +<span class="smcap">Colours</span>: Bleu-Indigo 312 and écru.</span> +</div> + +<p>The pattern is so simple in its construction that it is sufficient<a name="Page_384" id="Page_384"></a> +to refer our readers to fig. <a href="#fig_528">528</a>, for the knotting on of +the threads and to fig. <a href="#fig_531">531</a>, for the waved plait.</p> + +<p>The little tassels between the knots, are made separately +from the rest of the work and fastened on by the thread with +which you sew them together at the top.</p> + +<p><b>Macramé ground</b> (fig. <a href="#fig_598">598</a>).—The work represented in +the engraving was made for a purse and copied from a beautiful +piece of Arabian stuff. Ganse turque D.M.C was used for +the light background +and +Coton à broder +D.M.C for +the design. It +is very easy to +copy this pattern +from the +illustration by +paying scrupulous +attention +to the +number of +knots; we do +not therefore +enter into any +detailed description +of the +same, merely +referring the +worker to figs. <a href="#fig_528">528</a> and <a href="#fig_596">596</a> +and the accompanying +directions, for the adding on and the taking off of threads.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;"> +<img src="images/612a.jpg" alt="FIG. 598. MACRAMÉ GROUND." title="" /> +<a name="fig_598" id="fig_598"></a><span class="caption"><span class="smcap">Fig. 598. Macramé ground.<br /> +Materials</span>: Ganse turque D.M.C No. 12 and Coton à broder +D.M.C No. 16.<br /> +<span class="smcap">Colours</span>: Rouge-Cardinal 347, or Rouge-Cerise 3318.</span> +</div> + +<p><b>Macramé square</b> (figs. <a href="#fig_599">599</a> and <a href="#fig_600">600</a>).—Length of the single +threads of both kinds: 200 c/m.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;"> +<img src="images/612b.jpg" alt="FIG. 599. MACRAMÉ SQUARE." title="" /> +<a name="fig_599" id="fig_599"></a><span class="caption"><span class="smcap">Fig. 599. Macramé square.<br /> +Materials</span>: Cordonnet 6 fils D.M.C No. 15 and Coton à broder D.M.C No. 16 +or Fil à dentelle D.M.C No. 25 and Coton à broder D.M.C No. 30.<a href="#Footnote_A" class="fnanchor">[A]</a><br /> +<span class="smcap">Colours</span>: White, Rouge-Grenat 309 and 358, or Gris-Lin 716 +and Rouge-Maroquin 3327 and 3329.<a href="#Footnote_A" class="fnanchor">[A]</a></span> +</div> + +<p>Knot upon a ring consisting of one thread: * 1 thread of +white Cordonnet, 1 of Coton à broder colour 309, 1 of colour +358, 1 of colour 309 and repeat three times from *. (The embroidery +cotton is to be taken double.)</p><p><a name="Page_385" id="Page_385"></a></p> + +<p>Begin with the light red thread and make: 1 single chain +with 3 changes of the threads, 1 single chain with the dark +red thread with 4 changes of the threads. Add, or rather thread, +8 supplementary threads in succession on to the white thread, +which in fig. <a href="#fig_600">600</a>, comes in the middle of the group of knots, +and over each of these supplementary threads, make 2 double +knots with the light red thread and 2 with the dark.</p> + +<p>When all the red threads are knotted over the white ones, +<a name="Page_386" id="Page_386"></a>make crossed bars with the red threads by themselves, thus +producing a point at the bottom of the leaf.</p> + +<p>Then, over the first white thread coming from the right, +knot all the white threads on the left of it and in the last place, +the cord itself, over the 3 red threads.</p> + +<p>Make the same series of threads on the left. This is succeeded +by a second bar of white knots, the last thread of which +is left unknotted. Make 4 +double knots with the 8 +white threads and close the +square by a double bar. Add +a supplementary thread to +the first bar, so that you +may have 10 threads coming +from each side of the +second bar and over these +you knot the red threads, +which form a dark setting +to the leaves.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 350px;"> +<img src="images/613.jpg" alt="FIG. 600. +GRADUAL INCREASE OF THE THREADS. +WORKING DETAIL OF FIG. 599." title="" /> +<a name="fig_600" id="fig_600"></a><span class="caption smcap">Fig. 600. +Gradual increase of the threads. +Working detail of fig. <a href="#fig_599">599</a>.</span> +</div> + +<p>When this is done on +both sides, make 10 flat +double knots with a supplementary +knot, taking 4 +single threads for each knot, +and decreasing the number +of knots successively to 2. +At the point of the inside +square, knot the white threads over the red ones and turn +back the second white thread to serve as a cord to the first of +the outside bars. Join the first thread on the left and the first +on the right, to form a flat knot with them in the middle, the +threads of which are then passed over the red threads; the +last white threads become the cords for the second outer bar. +Make a group of bars with the red threads and cross them 3 +times, then finish with a handsome tassel and join the white +threads together all round the square with tassels. In the case +of your wishing to use these squares for making a larger +piece of work, through joining several of them together, you +<a name="Page_387" id="Page_387"></a>can knot the ends of the threads into short double chains, +finishing off these again with ring knots, fig. <a href="#fig_608">608</a>, and loops; +through these loops, when you come to join on the next square, +the knotting thread is drawn, forming them thus into connecting +picots, like those which you make in tatting.</p> + +<p><b>Fringe with corner</b> (figs. <a href="#fig_601">601</a>, <a href="#fig_602">602</a>, <a href="#fig_603">603</a>).—Macramé +fringes are not capable of being drawn up, as knitted, crochet, +and netted fringes +are, on the +inside, so as to +turn the corners. +Consequently, +according to the +pattern, a greater +or less number +of supplementary +threads have +to be knotted in +so as to form the +corners.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 450px;"> +<img src="images/614.jpg" alt="FIG. 601. FRINGE WITH CORNER." title="" /> +<a name="fig_601" id="fig_601"></a><span class="caption"><span class="smcap">Fig. 601. Fringe with corner.<br /> +Materials</span>: Cordonnet 6 fils D.M.C Nos. 10 to 30 or +Fil à dentelle D.M.C Nos. 25 to 50.<a href="#Footnote_A" class="fnanchor">[A]</a><br /> +<span class="smcap">Colours</span>: White and Rouge-Cardinal 348.<a href="#Footnote_A" class="fnanchor">[A]</a></span> +</div> + +<p>The working +detail, fig. <a href="#fig_602">602</a>, +shows us how +the 5 first supplementary +threads, +are looped on to +the 4th row of +knots. A group of +crossed bars requires 16 threads, which answer to 4 groups of +little squares, placed between the lozenges. The 6th supplementary +thread is put into the double connecting knot at the +corner, fig. <a href="#fig_603">603</a>, and on this, the bar of knots which runs right +and left is subsequently made. (In order to make it clearer, the +supplementary threads are represented in the engraving in a +darker shade).</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 550px;"> +<img src="images/615.jpg" alt="FIG. 602. ADDITION OF THE FIRST SUPPLEMENTARY THREADS. +WORKING DETAIL OF FIG. 601." title="" /> +<a name="fig_602" id="fig_602"></a><span class="caption smcap">Fig. 602. Addition of the first supplementary threads. +Working detail of fig. <a href="#fig_601">601</a>.</span> +</div> + +<p>On the two middle threads, which are a continuation of +<a name="Page_388" id="Page_388"></a>the connecting knot, 7 supplementary threads have next to be +knotted, thread 7 singly, threads 8 and 9 together, threads 10, +11, 12 and 13, all singly.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;"> +<img src="images/616.jpg" alt="FIG. 603. ADDITION OF THE SECOND SUPPLEMENTARY THREADS. +WORKING DETAIL OF FIG. 601." title="" /> +<a name="fig_603" id="fig_603"></a><span class="caption smcap">Fig. 603. Addition of the second supplementary threads. +Working detail of fig. <a href="#fig_601">601</a>.</span> +</div> + +<p>In this manner the supplementary threads 7, 10, 11, 12 +and 13 connect the two cords, whilst threads 8 and 9 only, are +mounted separately on both sides.</p> + +<p>The bars, formed by the knots which are made with the +supplementary threads, must be drawn tight, like any other +double bar. The space left between the cords in the engraving +is intentional, to distinguish the supplementary threads from +the others.</p> + +<p>A long, coloured thread is looped on to the topmost thread, +between the two bars, and with this, knots are made over all the +14 threads that come from the bars and run inwards.</p> + +<p>In the middle of the square there must be 9 flat double +knots; when these are made, you continue knotting the red +<a name="Page_389" id="Page_389"></a>thread from the right and left, down to the bottom point of the +square, and complete the figure by a single bar of knots, made +of the white thread.</p> + +<p>Knotted tassels, hanging from the points of the scallops, +and others ornamented with flat double knots made of 10 +threads, suspended between the scallops, form the outside +finish to this fringe.</p> + +<p><b>Fringe with pointed scallops and large tassels</b> (figs. <a href="#fig_604">604</a>, +<a href="#fig_605">605</a>, <a href="#fig_606">606</a>, <a href="#fig_607">607</a>, <a href="#fig_608">608</a>, <a href="#fig_609">609</a>, <a href="#fig_610">610</a>).—Entire length of the threads +for No. 15 of Cordonnet 6 fils D.M.C: 200 c/m.</p><p><a name="Page_390" id="Page_390"></a></p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;"> +<img src="images/616a.jpg" alt="FIG. 604. FRINGE WITH POINTED SCALLOPS AND LARGE TASSELS." title="" /> +<a name="fig_604" id="fig_604"></a><span class="caption"><span class="smcap">Fig. 604. Fringe with pointed scallops and large tassels. +<br /> +Materials</span>: Fil à pointer D.M.C Nos. 10 to 30, Cordonnet 6 fils D.M.C Nos. 10 +to 50, or Fil à dentelle D.M.C Nos. 25 to 50.<a href="#Footnote_A" class="fnanchor">[A]</a></span> +</div> + +<p>The present pattern, which concludes our chapter on macramé +work, is one of the most difficult of all, requiring great +accuracy in every particular, but more especially, extremely +careful attention to the direction of the cords, that the groups +of double knots and the bars may be drawn up very tightly +<a name="Page_391" id="Page_391"></a>together, so as to make the pattern very distinct and give each +figure its proper value.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 200px;"> +<img src="images/616b.jpg" alt="FIG. 605. ADDITION OF THE FIRST SUPPLEMENTARY THREADS. +WORKING DETAIL OF FIG. 604." title="" /> +<a name="fig_605" id="fig_605"></a><span class="caption smcap">Fig. 605. Addition of the first supplementary threads. +Working detail of fig. <a href="#fig_604">604</a>.</span> +</div> + +<p>For each repetition of the subject 16 +threads are wanted. You begin the half +stars, on each side of the lozenges, with +the 15th and 16th double thread of the +first figure and make 3 double knots with +3 threads over a 4th thread, fig. <a href="#fig_606">606</a>.</p> + +<p>Over 2 cords on the left and 2 on the +right, consequently over 4 threads: 5 buttonhole +knots, with the 4 threads and the +disengaged threads, 1 flat double knot over +each of the 4 threads. This forms a shell +knot, on either side of which, make 3 +buttonhole knots over 3 threads.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;"> +<img src="images/616c.jpg" alt="FIG. 606. ADDITION OF THE OTHER SUPPLEMENTARY THREADS. +WORKING DETAIL OF FIG. 604." title="" /> +<a name="fig_606" id="fig_606"></a><span class="caption smcap">Fig. 606. Addition of the other supplementary threads. +Working detail of fig. <a href="#fig_604">604</a>.</span> +</div> + +<p>For the groups of bars on either side +<a name="Page_392" id="Page_392"></a>of the shell, take the 11th, 12th, 13th and 14th double thread +on the left, and the 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th on the right. These +groups are joined by buttonhole knots.</p> + +<p>Knot the 4 threads of the left group over the cord on the +right; and over them again the 2 next threads +on the right; knot the 4 threads on the left +over the 4th thread on the right; make 2 buttonhole +knots with the 4th thread over the 3 +threads at the bottom and on the side.</p> + +<p>Over the 4 threads, that come from the left +and right, make quadruple bars; cross the upper +threads after the second row of bars, make +2 buttonhole bars with the next thread over +the 4th thread, then finish the 3rd and 4th +bar of knots.</p> + +<p>To make the olive-shaped group of knots +on both sides, take the threads, that come +out from the shells, as cords. Fig. <a href="#fig_605">605</a> shows +the adding on of the first supplementary +thread, fig. <a href="#fig_606">606</a>, that of 12 more which, knotted +on to the first, form with it, the group +of bars on the diagonal corner line. The knots, +of which the next large shell is composed, are +made with 2 more supplementary threads +and one thread from the preceding figure. Add +on 2 more supplementary threads to the +disengaged threads, which 4 then serve as +cords for the groups of bars, left and right.</p> + +<p>The 4th group of bars which forms the +corner of the fringe, is made on the 4 threads +that come from the large shell, on to which +the fourth set of 12 supplementary threads is +knotted.</p> + +<p>The pattern ends at the bottom with a +half star, and a double bar; beneath these, +large scallops are added, consisting of 2 half stars, 4 ovals, 1 +whole star and 2 ovals.</p> + +<p>All the threads that come from the groups are then collected +<a name="Page_393" id="Page_393"></a>at the top of the scallops and overcast with strong thread, so +as to form a thick round +cord along the edges of the +scallops, widening towards +the point, as more and more +threads are taken in. At the +point, these threads are +knotted into a big tassel +with another bunch of supplementary +threads added to +them. The other small tassels, +represented in fig. <a href="#fig_604">604</a>, are +made separately and then +fastened on.</p> + +<p>The fringe is further +ornamented by large knotted +tassels, introduced between +the scallops, for which, a +large knotted berry, fig. <a href="#fig_590">590</a>, +over 21 cords, has first to be made.</p> + +<p>Collect the 21 threads all together, to +begin with; then make: 2 rows of knots +over 12 threads, 1 over 15, 3 over 21, 1 +over 15 and 2 over 12; then cut the ends +of the 21 threads to the same length, and +turn them inwards, to fill up the hollow +space inside the berry, stuffing it besides, +if necessary, with wadding to make it perfectly +firm and hard and sewing it together +at the ends.</p> + +<p>To this you attach 5 large and 6 small +pendants; the smaller ones are begun with +a Chinese knot, figs. <a href="#fig_607">607</a> and <a href="#fig_609">609</a>, which +terminates in a double chain, formed into a +ring knot.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 300px;"> +<a name="fig_607" id="fig_607"></a><a name="fig_608" id="fig_608"></a> +<div class="figleft" style="width: 150px;"> +<img src="images/617.jpg" alt="FIG. 607. CHINESE KNOT AND DOUBLE CHAIN FOR A RING KNOT." title="" /> +<span class="caption smcap">Fig. 607. Chinese knot and double chain for a ring knot.</span> +</div> + +<div class="figright" style="width: 100px;"> +<img src="images/618.jpg" alt="FIG. 608. RING KNOT FORMED OF A SINGLE CHAIN." title="" /> +<span class="caption smcap">Fig. 608. Ring knot formed of a single chain.</span> +</div> +</div> + +<p>These ring knots take the place, in macramé, +of bead drops, in gimp trimmings; when +they are made of a double chain, you cut +<a name="Page_394" id="Page_394"></a>away 3 threads, when of a single, 1 thread, conceal the ends +carefully inside the knot, make a loop with the 4th or 2nd +thread, fig. <a href="#fig_608">608</a>, and lastly, fasten off all the ends with two or +three invisible stitches.</p> + +<p>Into the loop formed by the 4th thread, you hang 3 small +ring knots, made of a single chain, with a loop, top and bottom, +formed of the ends of the thread.</p> + +<p>Fig. <a href="#fig_609">609</a> represents the small pendant, of which six are required +for a tassel; fig. <a href="#fig_610">610</a>, the large one, of which there +should be five. The berry, or head of the tassel, is attached to a +crochet, or knotted cord, of which a description will be found +in the last chapter but one of this work.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 350px;"> +<a name="fig_609" id="fig_609"></a><a name="fig_610" id="fig_610"></a> +<div class="figleft" style="width: 125px;"> +<img src="images/619.jpg" alt="FIG. 609. SMALL PENDANT OF THE TASSELS IN FIG. 604." title="" /> +<span class="caption smcap">Fig. 609. Small pendant of the tassels in fig. <a href="#fig_604">604</a>.</span> +</div> + +<div class="figright" style="width: 150px;"> +<img src="images/620.jpg" alt="FIG. 610. LARGE PENDANT OF THE TASSELS IN FIG. 604." title="" /> +<span class="caption smcap">Fig. 610. Large pendant of the tassels in fig. <a href="#fig_604">604</a>.</span> +</div> +</div> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p class="center"><a href="./chapter_12.html">Next Chapter.</a></p> +<p class="center"><a href="./20776-h.htm#TABLE_OF_CONTENTS">Return to Table of Contents.</a></p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3> +<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_A" id="Footnote_A"></a><span class="label">[A]</span> See at the end of the concluding chapter, the table of numbers and sizes +and the list of colours of the D.M.C threads and cottons.</p></div> +</div> +</body> +</html> |