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Brinton + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: The Annals of the Cakchiquels + +Author: Daniel G. Brinton + +Release Date: March 8, 2007 [EBook #20775] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE ANNALS OF THE CAKCHIQUELS *** + + + + +Produced by David Starner, Julia Miller, and the Online +Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net. This +file is gratefully uploaded to the PG collection in honor +of Distributed Proofreaders having posted over 10,000 +ebooks. + + + + + + +</pre> + +<div style="background-color: #EEE; padding: 0.5em 1em 0.5em 1em;"> +<p class="center"><b>Transcriber’s Note</b></p> + +<p class="noindent">A number of typographical errors have been maintained +in the current version of this book. They are <ins class="correction" title="correction">marked</ins> +and the corrected text is shown in the popup. A <a href="#trans_note">list</a> of these +errors is found at the end of this book.</p> + +<p class="noindent">The following less-common characters are found in this book: ă (a with breve), ā (a with macron). +If they do not display correctly, please try changing your font.</p> +</div> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> + +<p><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_i" id="Page_i">[i]</a></span></p> + +<p class="titlepage" style="font-size: 150%;">LIBRARY</p> + +<p class="titlepage" style="font-size: 90%;">OF</p> + +<p class="titlepage" style="font-size: 200%;"><span class="smcap">Aboriginal American</span></p> + +<p class="titlepage" style="font-size: 200%;"><span class="smcap">Literature.</span></p> + +<p class="titlepage" style="font-size: 150%;">No. VI.</p> + +<p class="titlepage" style="font-size: 90%; margin-top: 3em;">EDITED BY</p> + +<p class="titlepage" style="font-size: 110%;">D. G. BRINTON</p> + +<p><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_ii" id="Page_ii">[ii]</a></span></p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> + +<p><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_iii" id="Page_iii">[iii]</a></span></p> + + +<p class="titlepage" style="font-size: 90%;">BRINTON’S LIBRARY OF<br /> +ABORIGINAL AMERICAN LITERATURE.<br /> +NUMBER VI.</p> + +<hr class="line" /> + +<p class="titlepage" style="font-size: 150%;"><b>THE ANNALS</b></p> + +<p class="titlepage" style="font-size: 80%;">OF THE</p> + +<p class="titlepage" style="font-size: 200%;"><b>CAKCHIQUELS.</b></p> + +<p class="titlepage" style="font-size: 90%;">THE ORIGINAL TEXT, WITH A TRANSLATION, NOTES AND<br /> +INTRODUCTION.</p> + +<p class="titlepage" style="font-size: 90%;">BY</p> + + +<p class="titlepage">DANIEL G. BRINTON</p> + +<p class="titlepage" style="font-size: 90%; margin-top: 5em;">1885, Philadelphia</p> + + +<p><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_iv" id="Page_iv">[iv]</a></span></p> + + + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<p><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_v" id="Page_v">[v]</a></span></p> + +<h2 class="chapterhead"><a name="PREFACE" id="PREFACE"></a>PREFACE.</h2> + +<hr class="line" /> + +<p>Both for its historical and linguistic merits, the document which is +presented in this volume is one of the most important in aboriginal +American Literature. Written by a native who had grown to adult years +before the whites penetrated to his ancestral home, himself a member of +the ruling family of one of the most civilized nations of the continent +and intimately acquainted with its traditions, his work displays the +language in its pure original form, and also preserves the tribal +history and a part of the mythology, as they were current before they +were in the least affected by European influences.</p> + +<p>The translation I offer is directly from the original text, and I am +responsible for its errors; but I wish to acknowledge my constant +obligations to the manuscript version of the late Abbé Brasseur (de +Bourbourg), the distinguished Americanist. Without the assistance +obtained from it, I should not have attempted the task; and though I +differ frequently from his renderings, this is no more than he himself +would have done, as in his later years he spoke of his version as in +many passages faulty.</p> + +<p>For the grammar of the language, I have depended on the anonymous +grammar which I edited for the American Philosophical Society in 1884, +<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_vi" id="Page_vi">[vi]</a></span>copies of which, reprinted separately, can be obtained by any one who +wishes to study the tongue thoroughly. For the significance of the +words, my usual authorities are the lexicon of Varea, an anonymous +dictionary of the 17th century, and the large and excellent +Spanish-Cakchiquel work of Coto, all of which are in the library of the +American Philosophical Society. They are all in MS., but the vocabulary +I add may be supplemented with that of Ximenes, printed by the Abbé +Brasseur, at Paris, in 1862, and between them most of the radicals will +be found.</p> + +<p>As my object in all the volumes of this series is to furnish materials +for study, rather than to offer finished studies themselves, I have +steadily resisted the strong temptation to expand the notes and +introductory matter. They have been limited to what seemed essentially +necessary to defining the nature of the work, discussing its date and +authorship, and introducing the people to whom it refers.</p> + + + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> + +<p><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_vii" id="Page_vii">[vii]</a></span></p> + +<h2 class="chapterhead"><a name="CONTENTS" id="CONTENTS"></a>CONTENTS.</h2> + + +<table width="80%" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" summary="table of contents"> +<tr> + <td></td> + <td class="tdr"><span class="smrom">PAGE</span></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td><a href="#PREFACE">PREFACE</a>,</td> + <td class="tdr"><a href="#PREFACE">v</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td><a href="#INTRODUCTION">INTRODUCTION,</a></td> + <td class="tdr"><a href="#INTRODUCTION">9</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="padl-1"><a href="#Ethnologic"><span class="smcap">Ethnologic Position of the Cakchiquels</span>,</a></td> + <td class="tdr"><a href="#Ethnologic">9</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="padl-1"><a href="#culture"><span class="smcap">Culture of the Cakchiquels</span>,</a></td> + <td class="tdr"><a href="#culture">13</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="padl-1"><a href="#capital"><span class="smcap">The Capital City of the Cakchiquels</span>,</a></td> + <td class="tdr"><a href="#capital">21</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="padl-1"><a href="#time"><span class="smcap">Computation of Time</span>,</a></td> + <td class="tdr"><a href="#time">28</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="padl-1"><a href="#names"><span class="smcap">Personal and Family Names</span>,</a></td> + <td class="tdr"><a href="#names">32</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="padl-1"><a href="#subdivisions"><span class="smcap">Tribal Subdivisions</span>,</a></td> + <td class="tdr"><a href="#subdivisions">33</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="padl-1"><a href="#terms"><span class="smcap">Terms of Affinity and Salutation</span>,</a></td> + <td class="tdr"><a href="#terms">34</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="padl-1"><a href="#titles"><span class="smcap">Titles and Social Castes</span>,</a></td> + <td class="tdr"><a href="#titles">35</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="padl-1"><a href="#religion"><span class="smcap">Religious Notions</span>,</a></td> + <td class="tdr"><a href="#religion">39</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="padl-1"><a href="#language"><span class="smcap">The Cakchiquel Language</span>,</a></td> + <td class="tdr"><a href="#language">48</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="padl-1"><a href="#annals"><span class="smcap">The Annals of Xahila</span>,</a></td> + <td class="tdr"><a href="#annals">53</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="padl-1"><a href="#synopsis"><span class="smcap">Synopsis of the Annals</span>,</a></td> + <td class="tdr"><a href="#synopsis">60</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="padl-1"><a href="#remarks"><span class="smcap">Remarks on the Printed Text</span>,</a></td> + <td class="tdr"><a href="#remarks">62</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td><a href="#THE_ANNALS"><span class="smcap">The Annals of the Cakchiquels</span>, by a Member of the Xahila Family,</a></td> + <td class="tdr"><a href="#THE_ANNALS">66-194</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td><a href="#NOTES"><span class="smcap">Notes</span>,</a></td> + <td class="tdr"><a href="#NOTES">195-200</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td><a href="#VOCABULARY"><span class="smcap">Vocabulary</span>,</a></td> + <td class="tdr"><a href="#VOCABULARY">209</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td><a href="#INDEX_OF_NATIVE_PROPER_NAMES"><span class="smcap">Index of Proper Names</span>,</a></td> + <td class="tdr"><a href="#INDEX_OF_NATIVE_PROPER_NAMES">229</a></td> +</tr> +</table> + +<p><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_viii" id="Page_viii">[viii]</a></span></p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<p><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_9" id="Page_9">[9]</a></span></p> + + +<h2 class="chapterhead">THE ANNALS<br /> +OF<br /> +THE CAKCHIQUELS.</h2> + +<hr class="line" /> + +<p class="titlepage" style="font-size: 120%;"><a name="INTRODUCTION" id="INTRODUCTION"></a>INTRODUCTION.</p> + +<hr class="line" /> + + +<p class="sectionhead"><a name="Ethnologic" id="Ethnologic"></a><i>Ethnologic Position of the Cakchiquels.</i></p> + +<p>The Cakchiquels, whose traditions and early history are given in the +present work from the pen of one of their own authors, were a nation of +somewhat advanced culture, who occupied a portion of the area of the +present State of Guatemala. Their territory is a table land about six +thousand feet above the sea, seamed with numerous deep ravines, and +supporting lofty mountains and active volcanoes. Though but fifteen +degrees from the equator, its elevation assures it a temperate climate, +while its soil is usually fertile and well watered.</p> + +<p>They were one of a group of four closely related nations, adjacent in +territory and speaking dialects so nearly alike as to be mutually +intelligible. The remaining three were the Quiches, the Tzutuhils and +the Akahals, who dwelt respectively to the west, the south and the east +of the Cakchiquels.</p> + +<p>These dialects are well marked members of the Maya linguistic stock, and +differ from that language, as it is spoken<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_10" id="Page_10">[10]</a></span> in its purity in Yucatan, +more in phonetic modifications than in grammatical structure or lexical +roots. Such, however, is the fixedness of this linguistic family in its +peculiarities, that a most competent student of the Cakchiquel has named +the period of two thousand years as the shortest required to explain the +difference between this tongue and the <span class="nowrap">Maya.<a name="FNanchor_10-1_1" id="FNanchor_10-1_1"></a><a href="#Footnote_10-1_1" class="fnanchor">10-1</a></span></p> + +<p>About the same length of time was that assigned since the arrival of +this nation in Guatemala, by the local historian, Francisco Antonio de +Fuentes y Guzman, who wrote in the seventeenth century, from an +examination of their most ancient traditions, written and <span class="nowrap">verbal.<a name="FNanchor_10-2_2" id="FNanchor_10-2_2"></a><a href="#Footnote_10-2_2" class="fnanchor">10-2</a></span> +Indeed, none of these affined tribes claimed to be autochthonous. All +pointed to some distant land as the home of their ancestors, and +religiously preserved the legends, more or less mythical, of their early +wanderings until they had reached their present seats. How strong the +mythical element in them is, becomes evident when we find in them the +story of the first four brothers as their four primitive rulers and +leaders, a myth which I have elsewhere shown prevailed extensively over +the American continent, and is distinctly traceable to the adoration of +the four cardinal points, and the winds from <span class="nowrap">them.<a name="FNanchor_10-3_3" id="FNanchor_10-3_3"></a><a href="#Footnote_10-3_3" class="fnanchor">10-3</a></span></p> + +<p><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_11" id="Page_11">[11]</a></span>These four brothers were noble youths, born of one mother, who sallied +forth from Tulan, the golden city of the sun, and divided between them +all the land from the Isthmus of Tehuantepec to the confines of +Nicaragua, in other words, all the known <span class="nowrap">world.<a name="FNanchor_11-1_4" id="FNanchor_11-1_4"></a><a href="#Footnote_11-1_4" class="fnanchor">11-1</a></span></p> + +<p>The occurrence of the Aztec name of the City of Light, Tulan (properly, +Tonatlan), in these accounts, as they were rehearsed by the early +converted natives, naturally misled historians to adopt the notion that +these divine culture heroes were “Toltecs,” and even in the modern +writings of the Abbé Brasseur (de Bourbourg), of M. Désiré Charnay, and +others, this unreal people continue to be set forth as the civilizers of +Central America.</p> + +<p>No supposition could have less support. The whole alleged story of the +Toltecs is merely an euhemerized myth, and they are as pure creations of +the fancy as the giants and fairies of mediæval romance. They have no +business in the pages of sober history.</p> + +<p>The same blending of their most ancient legends with those borrowed from +the Aztecs, recurs in the records of the pure Mayas of Yucatan. I have +shown this, and explained it at considerable length in the first volume +of this series, to which I will refer the reader who would examine the +question in <span class="nowrap">detail.<a name="FNanchor_11-2_5" id="FNanchor_11-2_5"></a><a href="#Footnote_11-2_5" class="fnanchor">11-2</a></span></p> + +<p><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_12" id="Page_12">[12]</a></span>There is a slight admixture of Aztec words in Cakchiquel. The names of +one or two of their months, of certain objects of barter, and of a few +social institutions, are evidently loan-words from that tongue. There +are also some proper names, both personal and geographical, which are +clearly of Nahuatl derivation. But, putting all these together, they +form but a very small fraction of the language, not more than we can +readily understand they would necessarily have borrowed from a nation +with whom, as was the case with the Aztecs, they were in constant +commercial communication for <span class="nowrap">centuries.<a name="FNanchor_12-1_6" id="FNanchor_12-1_6"></a><a href="#Footnote_12-1_6" class="fnanchor">12-1</a></span> The Pipils, their +immediate neighbors to the South, cultivating the hot and fertile slope +which descends from the central plateau to the Pacific Ocean, were an +Aztec race of pure blood, speaking a dialect of Nahuatl, very little +different from that heard in the schools of classic <span class="nowrap">Tezcuco.<a name="FNanchor_12-2_7" id="FNanchor_12-2_7"></a><a href="#Footnote_12-2_7" class="fnanchor">12-2</a></span> But +the grammatical structure and stem-words of the Cakchiquel remained +absolutely uninfluenced by this association.</p> + +<p>Later, when the Spanish occupation had brought with it<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_13" id="Page_13">[13]</a></span> thousands of +Nahuatl speaking followers, who supplied the interpreters for the +conquerers, Nahuatl names became much more abundant, and were adopted by +the natives in addressing the Spaniards. Thus the four nations, whom I +have mentioned as the original possessors of the land, are, in the +documents of the time, generally spoken of by such foreign titles. The +Cakchiquels were referred to as <i>Tecpan Quauhtemallan</i>, the Quiches as +<i>Tecpan Utlatlan</i>, the Tzutuhils as <i>Tecpan Atitlan</i>, and the Akahals as +<i>Tecpan Tezolotlan</i>. In these names, all of them pure Nahuatl, the word +<i>Tecpan</i> means the royal residence or capital; <i>Quauhtemallan</i> +(Guatemala), “the place of the wood-pile;” <i>Utlatlan</i>, “the place of the +giant cane;” <i>Atitlan</i>, “the place by the water;” <i>Tezolotlan</i>, “the +place of the narrow stone,” or “narrowed by <span class="nowrap">stones.”<a name="FNanchor_13-1_8" id="FNanchor_13-1_8"></a><a href="#Footnote_13-1_8" class="fnanchor">13-1</a></span></p> + +<p>These fanciful names, derived from some trivial local characteristic, +were not at all translations of the native tribal names. For in their +own dialects, Quiche, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />iche,</span> means “many trees;” Tuztuhil, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />utuhil,</span> +“the flowery spot;” Akahal, “the honey-comb;” and Cakchiquel, a species +of tree.</p> + + +<p class="sectionhead"><a name="culture" id="culture"></a><i>Culture of the Cakchiquels.</i></p> + +<p>These four nations were on the same plane of culture, and this by no +means a low one. They were agriculturists, cultivating for food beans, +peppers, and especially maize. To the latter, indeed, they are charged +with being fanatically<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_14" id="Page_14">[14]</a></span> devoted. “If one looks closely at these +Indians,” complains an old author, “he will find that everything they do +and say has something to do with maize. A little more, and they would +make a god of it. There is so much conjuring and fussing about their +corn fields, that for them they will forget wives and children and any +other pleasure, as if the only end and aim of life was to secure a crop +of <span class="nowrap">corn.”<a name="FNanchor_14-1_9" id="FNanchor_14-1_9"></a><a href="#Footnote_14-1_9" class="fnanchor">14-1</a></span></p> + +<p>In their days of heathenism, all the labors of the field were directed +by the observance of superstitious rites. For instance, the men, who +always did a large share of the field work, refrained from approaching +their wives for some days before planting the seed. Before weeding the +patch, incense was burned at each of the four corners of the field, to +the four gods of the winds and rains; and the first fruits were +consecrated to holy <span class="nowrap">uses.<a name="FNanchor_14-2_10" id="FNanchor_14-2_10"></a><a href="#Footnote_14-2_10" class="fnanchor">14-2</a></span> Their fields were large and extremely +<span class="nowrap">productive.<a name="FNanchor_14-3_11" id="FNanchor_14-3_11"></a><a href="#Footnote_14-3_11" class="fnanchor">14-3</a></span> In this connection it is worth noting, in passing, +that precisely Guatemala is the habitat of the <i>Euchlæna<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_15" id="Page_15">[15]</a></span> luxurians</i>, +the wild grass from which, in the opinion of botanists, the Zea Mais is +a variety developed by cultivation.</p> + +<p>Cotton was largely cultivated, and the early writers speak with +admiration of the skill with which the native women spun and wove it +into graceful <span class="nowrap">garments.<a name="FNanchor_15-1_12" id="FNanchor_15-1_12"></a><a href="#Footnote_15-1_12" class="fnanchor">15-1</a></span> As in Yucatan, bees were domesticated for +their wax and honey, and a large variety of dye-stuffs, resins for +incense, and wild fruits, were collected from the native forests.</p> + +<p>Like the Mayas and Aztecs, they were a race of builders, skillful masons +and stone-cutters, erecting large edifices, pyramids, temples, and +defensive works, with solid walls of stone laid in a firm <span class="nowrap">mortar.<a name="FNanchor_15-2_13" id="FNanchor_15-2_13"></a><a href="#Footnote_15-2_13" class="fnanchor">15-2</a></span> +The sites of these cities were generally the summits of almost +inaccessible crags, or on some narrow plain, protected on all sides by +the steep and deep ravines—<i>barrancas</i>, as the Spaniards call +them—which intersect the plateau in all directions, often plunging down +to a depth of thousands of feet. So located and so constructed, it is no +wonder that Captain Alvarado speaks of them as “thoroughly built and +marvelously <span class="nowrap">strong.”<a name="FNanchor_15-3_14" id="FNanchor_15-3_14"></a><a href="#Footnote_15-3_14" class="fnanchor">15-3</a></span></p> + +<p><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_16" id="Page_16">[16]</a></span>In the construction of their buildings and the measurements of their +land, these nations had developed quite an accurate series of lineal +measures, taking as their unit certain average lengths of the human +body, especially the upper extremity. In a study of this subject, +published during the present year, I have set forth their various terms +employed in this branch of knowledge, and compared their system with +that in use among the Mayas and the <span class="nowrap">Aztecs.<a name="FNanchor_16-1_15" id="FNanchor_16-1_15"></a><a href="#Footnote_16-1_15" class="fnanchor">16-1</a></span> It would appear that +the Cakchiquels did not borrow from their neighbors, but developed +independently the system of mensuration in vogue among them. This bears +out what is asserted in the <i>Annals</i> of Xahila, that their +“day-breaking,” or culture, was of spontaneous growth.</p> + +<p>The art of picture writing was familiar to all these peoples. It was +employed to preserve their national history, to arrange their calendar, +and, doubtless, in the ordinary affairs of <span class="nowrap">life.<a name="FNanchor_16-2_16" id="FNanchor_16-2_16"></a><a href="#Footnote_16-2_16" class="fnanchor">16-2</a></span> But I am not +aware that any example or description of it has been preserved, which +would enable us to decide the highly important question, whether their +system was derived from that of the Mexicans or that of the Mayas, +between which, as the antiquary need not be informed, there existed an +almost radical difference.</p> + +<p>The word for “to write,” is <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ibah</span></i>, which means, in its<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_17" id="Page_17">[17]</a></span> primary +sense, “to paint;” <i><span class="nowrap">ah<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ib</span></i>, is “the scribe,” and was employed to +designate the class of literati in the ancient dominion. Painted or +written records were called <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ibanic</span></i>.</p> + +<p>They had a literature beyond their history and calendars. It consisted +of chants or poems, called <i>bix</i>, set orations and <span class="nowrap">dramas.<a name="FNanchor_17-1_17" id="FNanchor_17-1_17"></a><a href="#Footnote_17-1_17" class="fnanchor">17-1</a></span> They +were said or sung in connection with their ceremonial dances. These +performances were of the utmost importance in their tribal life. They +were associated with the solemn mysteries of their religion, and were in +memory of some of the critical events in their real or mythical history. +This will be obvious from the references to them in the pages of their +<i>Annals</i>.</p> + +<p>These chants and dances were accompanied by the monotonous beating of +the native drum, <i>tun</i>, by the shrill sound of reed flutes, <i>xul</i>, by +the tinkling of small metal bells, <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />alakan</span></i>, which they attached to +their feet, and by rattles of small gourds or jars containing pebbles, +known as <i>zoch</i>. Other musical instruments mentioned, are the <i>chanal</i>, +the whistle (<i>pito</i>, <i>Dicc. Anon.</i>), and <i>tzuy</i>, the marimba, or +something like it.</p> + +<p>These nations were warlike, and were well provided with offensive and +defensive weapons. The Spanish writers speak of them as skilled archers, +rude antagonists, but not poisoning their <span class="nowrap">weapons.<a name="FNanchor_17-2_18" id="FNanchor_17-2_18"></a><a href="#Footnote_17-2_18" class="fnanchor">17-2</a></span> Besides the bow +and arrow, <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ha</span></i>, they<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_18" id="Page_18">[18]</a></span> used a lance, <span class="nowrap"><i>achcayupil</i>,<a name="FNanchor_18-1_19" id="FNanchor_18-1_19"></a><a href="#Footnote_18-1_19" class="fnanchor">18-1</a></span> and +especially the blow-pipe, <i>pub</i>, a potent weapon in the hands of an +expert, the knowledge of which was widely extended over tropical +America. Their arrow points were of stone, especially obsidian, bone and +metal. Other weapons were the wooden war club, <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />haibalche</span></i>; the +sling, <i><span class="nowrap">ica<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span></i>; the hand-axe, <i><span class="nowrap">i<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ah</span></i>, etc.</p> + +<p>For defense, they carried a species of buckler, <i>pocob</i>, and a round +shield called <i>çeteçic chee</i>, “the circular wood.” Over the body they +wore a heavy, quilted cotton doublet, the <i>xakpota</i>, which was an +efficient protection.</p> + +<p>They may all be said to have been in the “stone age,” as the weapons and +utensils were mostly of stone. The obsidian, which was easily obtained +in that country, offered an admirable resource for the manufacture of +knives, arrow heads, awls, and the like. It was called <i>chay abah</i>, and, +as we shall see on a later page, was surrounded with sacred +associations.</p> + +<p>The most esteemed precious stones were the <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ual</span></i>, translated +“diamond,” and the <i>xit</i>, which was the impure jade or green stone, so +much the favorite with the nations of Mexico and Central America. It is +frequently mentioned in the <i>Annals</i> of Xahila, among the articles of +greatest value.</p> + +<p>Engraving both on stone and wood, was a prized art. The word to express +it was <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />otoh</span></i>, and engraved articles are referred to as <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />otonic</span></i>.</p> + +<p>Although stone and wood were the principal materials on which they +depended for their manufactures, they were well<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_19" id="Page_19">[19]</a></span> acquainted with several +metals. Gold and silver were classed under the general name <i>puvak</i>, and +distinguished as white and yellow; iron and copper were both known as +<i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />h</span></i>, and distinguished also by their color. The metals formed an +important element of their riches, and are constantly referred to as +part of the tribute paid to the rulers. They were worked into ornaments, +and employed in a variety of decorative manners.</p> + +<p>The form of government of the four nations of whom I am speaking +approached that of a limited monarchy. There was a head chief, who may +as well be called a king, deriving his position and power through his +birth, whose authority was checked by a council of the most influential +of his subjects. The details of this general scheme were not the same at +all periods, nor in all the states; but its outlines differed little.</p> + +<p>Among the Cakchiquels, who interest us at present, the regal power was +equally divided between two families, the Zotzils and the Xahils; not +that there were two kings at the same time, as some have supposed, but +that the throne was occupied by a member of these families alternately, +the head of the other being meanwhile <span class="nowrap">heir-apparent.<a name="FNanchor_19-1_20" id="FNanchor_19-1_20"></a><a href="#Footnote_19-1_20" class="fnanchor">19-1</a></span> These chiefs +were called the Ahpo-Zotzil and the Ahpo-Xahil; and their eldest sons +were entitled <span class="nowrap">Ahpop-<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />amahay</span> and Galel Xahil, respectively, terms which +will shortly be explained.</p> + +<p><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_20" id="Page_20">[20]</a></span>The ceremonial distinction established between the ruler and those +nearest him in rank, was indicated by the number of canopies under which +they sat. The ruler himself was shaded by three, of graded sizes, the +uppermost being the largest. The heir-apparent was privileged to support +two, and the third from the king but one. These canopies were +elaborately worked in the beautiful feathers of the <i>quetzal</i>, and other +brilliant birds, and bore the name of <i>muh</i>, literally “shade” or +“shadow,” but which metaphorically came to mean royal dignity or state, +and also protection, <span class="nowrap">guardianship.<a name="FNanchor_20-1_21" id="FNanchor_20-1_21"></a><a href="#Footnote_20-1_21" class="fnanchor">20-1</a></span></p> + +<p>The seat or throne on which he sat was called <i>tem</i>, <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hacat</span></i>, and +<i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />alibal</span></i>, and these words are frequently employed to designate the +Supreme Power.</p> + +<p>The ceremonies connected with the installation of a king or head chief, +are described in an interesting passage of the <i>Annals</i>, <a href="#text41">Sec. 41</a>: “He +was bathed by the attendants in a large painted vessel; he was clad in +flowing robes; a sacred girdle or fillet was tied upon him; he was +painted with the holy colors, was anointed, and jewels were placed upon +his person.” Such considerable solemnities point to the fact that these +people were on a much higher plane of social life than<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_21" id="Page_21">[21]</a></span> one where the +possession of the leadership was merely an act of grasping by the +strongest arm.</p> + +<p>Of the four nations, the Quiches were the most numerous and powerful. At +times they exercised a sovereignty over the others, and levied tribute +from them. But at the period of Alvarado’s conquest, all four were +independent States, engaged in constant hostilities against each other.</p> + +<p>There is no means of forming an accurate estimate of their number. All +early accounts agree that their territory was thickly populated, with +numerous towns and <span class="nowrap">cities.<a name="FNanchor_21-1_22" id="FNanchor_21-1_22"></a><a href="#Footnote_21-1_22" class="fnanchor">21-1</a></span> The contingent sent to Alvarado by the +Cakchiquel king, to aid in the destruction of Quiche, was four thousand +warriors in one body, according to Alvarado’s own statement, though +Xahila puts it at four hundred. There are various reasons for believing +that the native population was denser at the Conquest than at present; +and now the total aboriginal population of the State of Guatemala, of +pure or nearly pure blood, is about half a million souls.</p> + + +<p class="sectionhead"><a name="capital" id="capital"></a><i>The Capital City of the Cakchiquels.</i></p> + +<p>The capital city of the Cakchiquels is referred to by Xahila as “Iximche +on the Ratzamut.” It was situated on the lofty<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_22" id="Page_22">[22]</a></span> plateau, almost on a +line connecting Gumarcaah, the capital of the Quiches, with the modern +city of Guatemala, about twelve leagues from the latter and eight from +the former. Its name, <i>Iximche</i>, is that of a kind of tree (<i>che</i>=tree) +called by the Spanish inhabitants <i>ramon</i>, apparently a species of +<i>Brosimium</i>. <i>Ratzamut</i>, literally “the beak of the wild pigeon,” was +the name given to the small and almost inaccessible plain, surrounded on +all sides by deep ravines, on which Iximche was situated. Doubtless, it +was derived from some fancied resemblance of the outline of the plain to +the beak of this bird.</p> + +<p>The capital was also called simply <i>tinamit</i>, the city (not <i>Patinamit</i>, +as writers usually give it, as <i>pa</i> is not an article but a preposition, +in or at); and by the Aztec allies of the conqueror Alvarado, +<i>Quauhtemallan</i>, “place of the wood-pile,” for some reason unknown to +<span class="nowrap">us.<a name="FNanchor_22-1_23" id="FNanchor_22-1_23"></a><a href="#Footnote_22-1_23" class="fnanchor">22-1</a></span> The latter designation was afterwards extended to the +province, and under the corrupt form <i>Guatemala</i> is now the accepted +name of the State and its modern capital.</p> + +<p>The famous captain, Pedro de Alvarado was the first European to visit +Iximche. He entered it on April 13th, 1524 (old style). In his letter +describing the occurrence, however, he says little or nothing about the +size or appearance of the <span class="nowrap">buildings.<a name="FNanchor_22-2_24" id="FNanchor_22-2_24"></a><a href="#Footnote_22-2_24" class="fnanchor">22-2</a></span></p> + +<p><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_23" id="Page_23">[23]</a></span>Scarcely more satisfactory are the few words devoted to it by Captain +Bernal Diaz del Castillo, who spent a night there the same year. He +observes that “its buildings and residences were fine and rich, as might +be expected of chiefs who ruled all the neighboring <span class="nowrap">provinces.”<a name="FNanchor_23-1_25" id="FNanchor_23-1_25"></a><a href="#Footnote_23-1_25" class="fnanchor">23-1</a></span></p> + +<p>When the revolt of the Cakchiquels took place, soon afterwards, Iximche +was deserted, and was never again fully inhabited. The Spaniards ordered +the natives to settle in other localities, the fortifications of their +capital were demolished, and many of the stones carried away, to +construct churches and houses in other localities.</p> + +<p>The next account we have of it dates from the year 1695, when the +historian and antiquary, Francisco Antonio de Fuentes y Guzman, wrote a +detailed description of its ruins from personal inspection. The account +of this enthusiastic author is the only one which supplies any +approximate notion of what the city must have been in its flourishing +period, and I therefore translate it, almost entire, from the recently +published edition of his voluminous work, the <i>Recordacion</i> +<span class="nowrap"><i>Florida</i>.<a name="FNanchor_23-2_26" id="FNanchor_23-2_26"></a><a href="#Footnote_23-2_26" class="fnanchor">23-2</a></span> His chapter will throw light on several otherwise +obscure passages in Xahila’s narrative.</p> + +<p>“<i>Tecpan goathemala</i> was a city of the ancient inhabitants, populous, +wonderful and impregnable, from the character of its position, situated +in this valley (of Chimaltenango), on an elevated and cool site. It lies +eight leagues in a straight line<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_24" id="Page_24">[24]</a></span> from New Guatemala. Around this +ancient and dismantled town, now falling into utmost decay, extends a +deep ravine, like a moat, plunging straight down to a depth of more than +a hundred fathoms. This ravine, or moat, is three squares in width from +one battlement or bank to the other, and they say that a good part of it +was a work of hands, for the security and defense of the city. There is +no other entrance than a very narrow causeway, which cuts the ravine at +a point a little north of west. The whole area of the space where are +these ancient ruins measures three miles from north to south and two +from east to west, and its complete circumference is nine miles. In the +heart and centre of this area was prominently erected that great city of +<i>Tecpan goathemala</i>.</p> + +<p>“The whole surface of the soil in this ancient city seems to have been +artificially prepared, by means of a cement or mortar, laid by hand, to +a depth of three-fourths of a yard. Close to the brink of the ravine +there are the sumptuous ruins of a magnificent and stately edifice, in +length a hundred measured paces, and in width the same, thus forming a +perfect square, all of stone and mortar, the stone accurately cut with +great skill, polished and nicely adjusted. In front of this building is +a great square plaza, of much dignity and beauty; and on its northern +side one can still recognize and admire the ruins of a palace which, +even in its broken vestiges, reveals a real magnificence. This royal +edifice also has in front of it some squares as large and spacious in +their splendor as that which has already been mentioned. Surrounding +this remarkable structure, are a vast number of foundations, which, +according to tradition, and by what is obvious by examination, were the +houses and dwellings of<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_25" id="Page_25">[25]</a></span> nobles and of the great number of <i>ahaguaes</i>, +besides those who gave their constant attention to the king. In this +quarter or ward of the nobility, there are several wide and capacious +streets, which, as the foundations indicate, ran from east to west.</p> + +<p>“Through the middle of the site of the city, from north to south, runs a +trench a fathom and a half in depth, and its battlements of stones laid +in mortar rise more than half a fathom in height. This trench divided +the city into two parts, leaving the residences of the chiefs and nobles +on the eastern side; those of the common people to the west. The +principal street runs from the entrance of the city to the chief square +of the Temple, which is near the Palace; and from this main street +others run east and west, north and south, branching off from the main +street, having many dwellings upon them well arranged and located, and +displaying the high cultivation of the ancient rulers.</p> + +<p>“Another broad street runs close to the main street, from the trench +mentioned, toward the east, for about a quarter of a league, ending at a +small hill which overlooks the town, on whose summit is a circular wall, +not unlike the curb of a well, about a full fathom in height. The floor +within is paved with cement, as the city streets. In the centre is +placed a socle or pedestal of a glittering substance, like glass, but of +what composition is not known.</p> + +<p>“This circular structure was the tribunal or consistory of the +Cakchiquel Indians, where not only was public hearing given to causes, +but also the sentences were carried out. Seated around this wall, the +judges heard the pleas and pronounced sentences, in both civil and +criminal causes. After<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_26" id="Page_26">[26]</a></span> this public decision, however, there remained an +appeal for its revocation or confirmation. Three messengers were chosen +as deputies of the judges, and these went forth from the tribunal to a +deep ravine, north of the Palace, to a small but neatly fitted up chapel +or temple, where was located the oracle of the demon. This was a black +and semi-transparent stone, of a finer grade than that called <i>chay</i> +(obsidian). In its transparency, the demon revealed to them what should +be their final decision. If it was that the sentence should be +confirmed, the accused was immediately executed on the central pedestal +mentioned, which also served as a place of torture. If, on the other +hand, nothing could be seen in the transparency of the stone, the +accused was forthwith discharged. This oracle was also consulted in all +their military undertakings; and war was declared or not, as it seemed +to dictate, as is stated both by Spaniards and the oldest natives. But +in the early days of our occupation, when these facts came to the +knowledge of the Reverend Bishop Don Francisco Marroquin, of glorious +memory, he gave orders that this stone should be artistically squared, +and he consecrated it and used it as an altar stone, and at this day it +is so employed on the grand altar of the convent of <i>San Francisco de +Tecpan goathemala</i>, and it is considered a jewel of unusual beauty and +value. The size of the stone is a full half yard in each direction.</p> + +<p>“The principal gate of this stronghold or citadel was upon the causeway +mentioned; and they say it was closed with two doors set in the solid +wall, the external one opening outward, the internal one inward, and +both were of the stone called <i>chay</i>. Thus, one of these doors backed up +against the<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_27" id="Page_27">[27]</a></span> other, as we sometimes see double doors in our prisons. +They were always guarded with double guards, one within, the other +without, and these guards were changed every seven days. In the open +country, on the other side of the ravine, there were a number of mounds, +about a quarter of a league apart, extending for a considerable +distance. On these, lookouts were constantly stationed, to give notice +of the invasions of the Quiches or of the Sotojil king.”</p> + +<p>The site of Iximche was visited in 1840 by the eminent American +traveler, John L. Stephens. He states that its position, the steep and +profound barranca, and the plain, “warrant the description given of it +by Fuentes.” A century and a half had, however, almost erased the +vestiges of human life. “The ground was covered with mounds of ruins. In +one place we saw the foundations of two houses, one of them about one +hundred and fifty feet long by fifty feet broad.”</p> + +<p>Mr. Stephens was also fortunate enough to see and examine the mysterious +divining stone, preserved in the church of Tecpan Guatemala. But a great +disappointment awaited him. “This oracular slab is a piece of common +slate, fourteen inches by ten, and about as thick as those used by boys +at school, without characters of any kind upon <span class="nowrap">it.”<a name="FNanchor_27-1_27" id="FNanchor_27-1_27"></a><a href="#Footnote_27-1_27" class="fnanchor">27-1</a></span></p> + +<p>A few years after Mr. Stephens’ visit, the government of Guatemala +appointed a commission to survey and examine these ruins. They completed +their labors successfully, but<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_28" id="Page_28">[28]</a></span> I have been unable to learn that the +results were published, although they were written out and placed in the +governmental <span class="nowrap">archives.<a name="FNanchor_28-1_28" id="FNanchor_28-1_28"></a><a href="#Footnote_28-1_28" class="fnanchor">28-1</a></span></p> + + +<p class="sectionhead"><a name="time" id="time"></a><i>Computation of Time.</i></p> + +<p>I propose, in a future work, to discuss the methods of reckoning time in +use in Central America; but a brief explanation of that adopted by the +Cakchiquels is essential to a comprehension of their <i>Annals</i>.</p> + +<p>The Cakchiquels were probably acquainted with the length of the year as +365 days; there is even some evidence that they allowed an intercalary +day every four years, by beginning the reckoning of the year one day +earlier.</p> + +<p>The beginning of their year is stated, by most authorities, to have been +on the day corresponding to our January 31st or February 1st, old style +(February 11th or 12th, new style).</p> + +<p>The year was not divided into lunar months, as was the case with the +hunting tribes, but in a manner similar to the highly artificial and +complicated system that prevailed among the Mayas and Mexicans. This +allotted to the solar year twenty months of eighteen days each, leaving +a remainder of five days, which the Mexicans called <i>nemontemi</i>, +insufficient; the Mayas <i>n yail kin</i>, days of pain or of peril, and the +Cakchiquels <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/tz.png" class="letter" alt="tz" title="tz" />api</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ih</span></i>, days of evil or days at fault; and which +were not included in the count of the <span class="nowrap">months.<a name="FNanchor_28-2_29" id="FNanchor_28-2_29"></a><a href="#Footnote_28-2_29" class="fnanchor">28-2</a></span></p> + +<p><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_29" id="Page_29">[29]</a></span>Dates, however, were not assigned by a simple reference to days of the +month, but by days of the week; these weeks being of thirteen days each, +and including every day of the year. The week days were not named, but +numbered only.</p> + +<p>As will be noted in the <i>Annals</i>, more importance was attached to the +day on which an occurrence took place than to the year. This is common +with untrained minds. Every citizen of the United States knows that +George Washington was born on the 22d of February; but it would puzzle a +large portion of them to be asked the year of his birth.</p> + +<p class="titlepage"><i>Names of the Cakchiquel Months.</i></p> + +<table width="50%" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" summary="Names of Cakchiquel Months"> +<tr> + <td style="width: 50%; padding-left: 2em;"><i>Name.</i></td> + <td style="width: 50%; padding-left: 1em;"><i>Signification.</i></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td> 1. Tacaxepual,</td> + <td>Corn planting</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td> 2. Nabey tumuzuz,</td> + <td>First of winged ants.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td> 3. Rucan tumuzuz,</td> + <td>Second of winged ants.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td> 4. Çibix,</td> + <td>Smoky, or clouds.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td> 5. Uchum,</td> + <td>Re-planting</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td> 6. Nabey mam,</td> + <td>First grandson.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td> 7. Rucab mam,</td> + <td>Second grandson.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td> 8. <span class="nowrap">Li<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />in<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />á,</span></td> + <td>Soft to the hand.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td> 9. Nabey <span class="nowrap">to<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span></td> + <td>First cacao harvest.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>10. Rucab <span class="nowrap">to<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span></td> + <td>Second cacao <a name="corr1" id="corr1"></a><ins class="correction" title="harvest.">harvest</ins></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>11. Nabey pach,</td> + <td>First incubation.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>12. Rucab pach,</td> + <td>Second incubation.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>13. Tziquin <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ih,</span></td> + <td>Bird days.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>14. Cakan,</td> + <td>Red clouds.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>15. Ibota,</td> + <td>Mat rolling.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>16. Katic,</td> + <td>Drying up.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>17. Itzcal <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ih,</span></td> + <td>Bad road days.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>18. Pariche,</td> + <td>In the woods.</td> +</tr> +</table> + +<p><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_30" id="Page_30">[30]</a></span>To appreciate the bearing of these names, one must remember that this is +a rural calendar, in which the months were designated with reference to +farming and household incidents. Thus, the “winged ants” referred to, +are a species that appear in March and April, shortly before the first +of the rainy season; the fourth month is cloudy or misty, from the +frequent rains; the first and second grandsons refer probably to the +“suckers,” which must be plucked from the growing corn; in the eighth +month the earth is moist, and must be kept, by tillage, “soft to the +hand;” the others have obvious rural allusions, down to the last, when +the natives went “in the woods” to gather fuel. The names appear to be +all in the Cakchiquel dialect, except the first, <i>Tacaxepual</i>, the +resemblance of which to the name of the second Mexican month, +<i>Tlacaxipehualiztli</i>, is too striking to be a coincidence, and perhaps +the seventeenth, <i>Itzcal</i>, which is very like the eighteenth of the +Mexican calendar, <i>Izcalli</i>; but if borrowed from the latter, two +Cakchiquel words, of similar sound but different meaning, have been +substituted for the original by the familiar linguistic principle of +<i>otosis</i> or paronomasia.</p> + +<p class="titlepage"><i>Names of the Cakchiquel Days.</i></p> + +<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" summary="names of Cakchiquel days"> +<tr> + <td style="width: 7em; padding-left: 1em;"><i>Name.</i></td> + <td style="width: 7em; padding-left: 1em;"><i>Name.</i></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>1. Imox,</td> + <td>11. Batz,</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>2. <span class="nowrap">I<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span></td> + <td>12. Ee,</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>3. <span class="nowrap">A<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />bal,</span></td> + <td>13. Ah,</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>4. Kat,</td> + <td>14. Yiz,</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>5. Can,</td> + <td>15. Tziquin,</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>6. Camey,</td> + <td>16. Ahmac,</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>7. Queh,</td> + <td>17. Noh,</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>8. Kanel,</td> + <td>18. Tihax,</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>9. Toh,</td> + <td>19. Caok,</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>10. Tzii,</td> + <td>20. <a name="corr2" id="corr2"></a><ins class="correction" title="Hunapuh.">Hunahpu,</ins></td> +</tr> +</table> + +<p><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_31" id="Page_31">[31]</a></span>The calendars in use were of two different kinds, the one called <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hol</span> +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ih</span></i>, literally “the valuer or appraiser of days,” which was employed +exclusively for astrological and divining purposes, to decide on which +were lucky and unlucky days; and <i>may <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ih</span></i>, “the revolution or +recurrence of days,” which was for chronological <span class="nowrap">purposes.<a name="FNanchor_31-1_30" id="FNanchor_31-1_30"></a><a href="#Footnote_31-1_30" class="fnanchor">31-1</a></span></p> + +<p>It will be noticed that in Xahila’s <i>Annals</i>, every year ends on a day +<i>Ah</i>, and that each such closing day is numerically three less than the +day <i>Ah</i> terminating the preceding year. There are also obvious +inconsistencies in his identification of native dates with the Christian +calendar; but these, and the numerous difficult questions they suggest, +would take me too far afield to enter upon in the present introductory +paragraphs. The object of this volume is rather to furnish material for +study than to undertake the study itself.</p> + +<p>The brief description of their reckoning of time, given by Sanchez y +Leon, may be quoted: “They divided the year into 18 months, and each +month into 20 days; but they counted only by nights, which they +mentioned as dawns (alboradas); the movements of the sun in the ecliptic +governed their calendar; they began their year forty days before ours; +they celebrated annually three great feasts, like Easters, at which +periods both sexes assembled together at night, and indulged in +drunkenness and <span class="nowrap">wantonness.”<a name="FNanchor_31-2_31" id="FNanchor_31-2_31"></a><a href="#Footnote_31-2_31" class="fnanchor">31-2</a></span></p> + +<p>I think in this extract the author should have said that they began +their year 40 days later than ours, as this would bring his statement +more into conformity with other writers.<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_32" id="Page_32">[32]</a></span></p> + + +<p class="sectionhead"><a name="names" id="names"></a><i>Personal and Family Names.</i></p> + +<p>Among the Cakchiquels, each person bore two names; the first his +individual name, the second that of his family or <i>chinamitl</i>. This word +is pure Nahuatl, and means a place enclosed by a <span class="nowrap">fence,<a name="FNanchor_32-1_32" id="FNanchor_32-1_32"></a><a href="#Footnote_32-1_32" class="fnanchor">32-1</a></span> and +corresponds, therefore, to the Latin <i>herctum</i>, and the Saxon <i>ton</i>. As +adopted by the Cakchiquels, it meant a household or family of one +lineage and bearing one name, all of whom were really or theoretically +descended from one ancestral household. To all such was applied the term +<i>aca</i>, related or <span class="nowrap">affined;<a name="FNanchor_32-2_33" id="FNanchor_32-2_33"></a><a href="#Footnote_32-2_33" class="fnanchor">32-2</a></span> and marriage within the chinamitl was +not permitted. When a man of one chinamitl married into another, every +male in the latter became his brother-in-law, <i>baluc</i>, or son-in-law, +<span class="nowrap"><i>hi</i>.<a name="FNanchor_32-3_34" id="FNanchor_32-3_34"></a><a href="#Footnote_32-3_34" class="fnanchor">32-3</a></span></p> + +<p>Each <i>chinamitl</i> was presided over by a recognized leader, the “head of +the house,” whose title was <i><span class="nowrap">ah<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />alam</span></i>, “the keeper of the +<span class="nowrap">tablets,”<a name="FNanchor_32-4_35" id="FNanchor_32-4_35"></a><a href="#Footnote_32-4_35" class="fnanchor">32-4</a></span> probably the painted records on which the genealogy of +the family and the duties of its members were inscribed.</p> + +<p>The division of the early tribes into these numerous families was not +ancient, dating, according to tradition, from about a century and a half +before the <span class="nowrap">Conquest.<a name="FNanchor_32-5_36" id="FNanchor_32-5_36"></a><a href="#Footnote_32-5_36" class="fnanchor">32-5</a></span></p> + +<p><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_33" id="Page_33">[33]</a></span>The family name was sometimes derived from a locality, sometimes from a +peculiarity, and at others from astrological <span class="nowrap">motives.<a name="FNanchor_33-1_37" id="FNanchor_33-1_37"></a><a href="#Footnote_33-1_37" class="fnanchor">33-1</a></span></p> + +<p>The personal name was always that of the day of birth, this being +adopted for astrological reasons. There was a fixed opinion that the +temperament and fortunes of the individual were controlled by the +supposed character of his birthday, and its name and number were +therefore prefixed to his family name. This explains the frequent +occurrence in the Cakchiquel <i>Annals</i> of such strange appellatives as +<i>Belehe Queh</i>, nine deer; <i>Cay Batz</i>, two monkey, etc.; these being, in +fact, the days of the year on which the bearers were born. They should +be read, “the 9th Queh,” “the 2d Batz,” etc.</p> + + +<p class="sectionhead"><a name="subdivisions" id="subdivisions"></a><i>Tribal Subdivisions.</i></p> + +<p>The <i>chinamitl</i> appears to have been the sub-gens. Besides it, there are +other words frequently recurring in the <i>Annals</i> referring to divisions +of the community, <i>hay</i>, home or household; <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hob</span></i>, sept or division; +and <i><span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span></i> tribe or city.</p> + +<p>The first of these, <i>hay</i>, appears to be a general term applied to a +community, without necessarily implying relationship. An Indian, asked +where he is from, will answer <i>in ah-hay vae</i>, “I am of this place,” +referring to his village. Yet it is evident that in early times, all of +one village were considered to be related. The word <i>hay</i>, +<a name="corr3" id="corr3"></a><ins class="correction" title="moreover">moroever,</ins> does not signify a house as an edifice. In that sense +the proper term is <i>ochoch</i>.</p> + +<p><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_34" id="Page_34">[34]</a></span>The frequent references by Xahila to the seven tribes, or rather the +seven cities, <i>vuk <span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span></i>, and the thirteen divisions or provinces, +<i>oxlahuh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hob</span></i>, are not explained in the course of the narrative. +These numbers retained sacred associations, as they were adopted later +to assign the days of worship of their divinity (see <a href="#text44">Sec. 44</a>). Brasseur +is of opinion that the thirteen divisions refer to the <span class="nowrap">Pokomams,<a name="FNanchor_34-1_38" id="FNanchor_34-1_38"></a><a href="#Footnote_34-1_38" class="fnanchor">34-1</a></span> +but that such a subdivision obtained among the Cakchiquels as well, is +evident from many parts of their <i>Annals</i>. The same division also +prevailed, from remote times, among the <span class="nowrap">Quiches,<a name="FNanchor_34-2_39" id="FNanchor_34-2_39"></a><a href="#Footnote_34-2_39" class="fnanchor">34-2</a></span> and hence was +probably in use among all these tribes. It may have had some +superstitious connection with the thirteen days of their week. The +<i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hob</span></i> may be regarded as the original gens of the tribe, and the +similarity of this word to the radical syllable of the Nahuatl +<i>calp-ulli</i>, may not be accidental. I have elsewhere spoken of the +singular frequency with which we hear of seven ancestors, cities, caves, +etc., in the most ancient legends of the American <span class="nowrap">race.<a name="FNanchor_34-3_40" id="FNanchor_34-3_40"></a><a href="#Footnote_34-3_40" class="fnanchor">34-3</a></span></p> + + +<p class="sectionhead"><a name="terms" id="terms"></a><i>Terms of Affinity and Salutation.</i></p> + +<p>In the Cakchiquel grammar which I edited, I have given a tolerably full +list of the terms of consanguinity and affinity in the tongue (pp. 28, +29). But it is essential to the correct<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_35" id="Page_35">[35]</a></span> understanding of the text in +this volume, to recognize the fact that many such terms in Cakchiquel +are, in the majority of cases, terms of salutation only, and do not +express actual relationship.</p> + +<p>Examples of this are the words <i>tata</i>, father, used by women to all +adult males; and <i>tee</i>, mother, employed by both sexes in addressing +adult women. In Xahila’s writings, we constantly find the words <i>nimal</i>, +elder brother, and <i><span class="nowrap">cha<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span></i>, younger brother, inserted merely as +friendly epithets. The term <i>mama</i>, grandfather, almost always means +simply “ancestor,” or, indeed, any member of an anterior generation +beyond the first degree. This word must not be confounded with <i>mam</i> (an +error occurring repeatedly in Brasseur’s writings), as the latter means +“grandchild;” and according to Father Coto, it may be applied by a +grandparent of either sex to a grandchild of either sex.</p> + + +<p class="sectionhead"><a name="titles" id="titles"></a><i>Titles and Social Castes.</i></p> + +<p>There are a number of terms of frequent recurrence in Xahila’s text, +expressing the different offices in the government, rank in social life +and castes of the population, which offer peculiar difficulty to the +translator, because we have no corresponding expressions in European +tongues; while to retain them in the version, renders it less +intelligible, and even somewhat repulsive to the reader. I have thought +it best, generally, to give these terms an approximate English rendering +in my translation, while in the present section I submit them to a +critical examination.</p> + +<p>The ordinary term for chief or ruler, in both the Cakchiquel and Maya +dialects, is <i>ahau</i>. Probably this is a compound<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_36" id="Page_36">[36]</a></span> of <i>ah</i>, a common +prefix in these tongues, originally signifying <i>person</i>, and hence, when +attached to a verb, conveying the notion of one accustomed to exercise +the action indicated; to a noun of place, a resident there; and to a +common noun, a worker in or owner of the article; and <i>u</i>, a collar, +especially an ornamental collar, here intended as a badge of authority. +<i>Ahau</i> is, therefore, “the wearer of the collar;” and by this +distinction equivalent to chief, ruler, captain, lord, king, or emperor, +by all which words it is rendered in the lexicons. It is not a special +title, but a general term.</p> + +<p>Scarcely less frequent is the term <i>ahpop</i>. This is a compound of the +same prefix <i>ah</i>, with the word <i>pop</i>, which means a mat. To sit upon +such a mat was a privilege of nobility, and of such dignitaries as were +entitled to be present at the national council; <i>ahpop</i>, therefore, may +be considered as equivalent to the German title <i>Rath</i>, counsellor, and +appears to have been used much in the same conventional manner. In the +Cakchiquel lexicons, <i>popoh</i> is “to hold a council;” <i>popol</i>, a council; +<i>popoltzih</i>, “to speak in council,” etc. All these are derived from the +word <i>pop</i>, mat; from the mats on which the councillors sat during their +deliberations.</p> + +<p>Personages of the highest rank, of the “blood royal,” combined these +titles. They were <i>ahau ahpop</i>, “lords of the council.” Uniting the +latter title to the family names of the ruling house, the chief ruler +was known as <i>Ahpo’ Zotzil</i>, and the second in rank and heir-apparent, +as <i>Ahpo’ Xahil</i>. The oldest son of the former bore the title +<i><span class="nowrap">Ahpop-<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />amahay</span></i>, which is translated by the best authorities +“messenger of the council,” and ordinarily was applied to an official +who communicated the decisions of the councils of one village to that<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_37" id="Page_37">[37]</a></span> +of <span class="nowrap">another.<a name="FNanchor_37-1_41" id="FNanchor_37-1_41"></a><a href="#Footnote_37-1_41" class="fnanchor">37-1</a></span> Another title, mentioned by Xahila, is <i>ahpop-achi</i>, +the last word means man, <i>vir</i>.</p> + +<p>A third article, which distinguished the higher classes, was the seat or +stool on which they sat during solemn ceremonies. This was called +<i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />aalibal</span></i>, an instrumental noun from the verb <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />al</span></i>, to be visible +or prominent, persons so seated being elevated above, and thus +distinguished from others, from this the verbal form, <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />alel</span></i>, was +derived, meaning “he who is prominent,” etc., or, more freely, +“illustrious,” <span class="nowrap">“distinguished.”<a name="FNanchor_37-2_42" id="FNanchor_37-2_42"></a><a href="#Footnote_37-2_42" class="fnanchor">37-2</a></span> The title <i>ahpop <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />alel</span></i> meant, +therefore, originally “he who is entitled to a mat and a stool,” that +is, in the council chamber of his town.</p> + +<p>Another official connected with the council was the orator appointed to +bring before it the business of the day. His title was <i>ah uchan</i>, from +<i>ucheex</i>, to speak, and it is translated by Spanish writers, the +“rhetorician, <span class="nowrap">orator.”<a name="FNanchor_37-3_43" id="FNanchor_37-3_43"></a><a href="#Footnote_37-3_43" class="fnanchor">37-3</a></span> A similar personage, the <i>ah tzih vinak</i>, +“the man of <span class="nowrap">words,”<a name="FNanchor_37-4_44" id="FNanchor_37-4_44"></a><a href="#Footnote_37-4_44" class="fnanchor">37-4</a></span> was in<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_38" id="Page_38">[38]</a></span> attendance on the king, and, +apparently, was the official mouth-piece of the royal will. Still a +third, known as the <i>lol-may</i>, which apparently means “silence-breaker,” +was, according to the dictionaries, “an envoy dispatched by the rulers +to transact business or to collect <span class="nowrap">tributes.”<a name="FNanchor_38-1_45" id="FNanchor_38-1_45"></a><a href="#Footnote_38-1_45" class="fnanchor">38-1</a></span></p> + +<p>Very nearly or quite the same organization prevailed in the courts of +Quiche and Atitlan. The chiefs of the latter province forwarded, in +1571, a petition to Philip II, in which they gave some interesting +particulars of their former government. They say: “The supreme ruler was +called <i>Atziquinihai</i>, and the chiefs who shared the authority with him, +<i>Amac Tzutuhil</i>. These latter were sovereigns, and acknowledged no +superiors.... The sovereign, or king, did not recognize any authority +above himself. The persons or officers who attended at his court were +called <i>Lolmay</i>, <i>Atzivinac</i>, <i>Galel</i>, <i>Ah-uchan</i>. They were factors, +auditors and treasurers. Our titles correspond to <span class="nowrap">yours.”<a name="FNanchor_38-2_46" id="FNanchor_38-2_46"></a><a href="#Footnote_38-2_46" class="fnanchor">38-2</a></span></p> + +<p>The name here applied to the ruler of the Tzutuhils, <i>Atziquinahay</i>, +recurs in Xahila’s <i>Annals</i>. It was his family name, and in its proper +form, <i>Ah <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />iquin-i-hay</span></i>, means “he who is a member of the bird +<span class="nowrap">family;”<a name="FNanchor_38-3_47" id="FNanchor_38-3_47"></a><a href="#Footnote_38-3_47" class="fnanchor">38-3</a></span> the bird being the totemic symbol of the ruling house.</p> + +<p><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_39" id="Page_39">[39]</a></span>While the nobles were distinguished by titles such as these, the mass of +the people were divided into well defined classes or castes. The +warriors were called <i>ah-labal</i>, from <i>labal</i>, war; and they were +distinguished from the general male population, who were known as +<i>achi</i>, men, <i>viri</i>. These were independent freemen, engaged in peaceful +avocations, but, of course, ready to take up arms on occasion. They were +broadly distinguished from the tributaries, called <i>ah-patan</i>; the +latter word meaning tax or tribute; and still more sharply from the +slaves, known as <i>vinakitz</i>, “mean men,” or by the still more +significant word <i>mun</i>, hungry (Guzman, <i>Compendio</i>). The less +cultivated tribes speaking other tongues, adjoining the Cakchiquels, +were promiscuously stigmatized with the name <i>chicop</i>, brutes or beasts.</p> + +<p>A well developed system of tribute seems to have prevailed, and it is +often referred to by Xahila. The articles delivered to the collectors +were gold, silver, plain and worked, feathers, cacao, engraved stones, +and what appear as singular, garlands (<i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ubul</span></i>) and songs, painted +apparently on skins or paper.</p> + + +<p class="sectionhead"><a name="religion" id="religion"></a><i>Religious Notions.</i></p> + +<p>The deities worshiped by these nations, the meaning and origin of their +titles, and the myths connected with them, have been the subject of an +examination by me in an earlier <span class="nowrap">work.<a name="FNanchor_39-1_48" id="FNanchor_39-1_48"></a><a href="#Footnote_39-1_48" class="fnanchor">39-1</a></span> Here, therefore, it will be +needless to repeat what I have there said, further than to add a few +remarks explanatory of the Cakchiquel religion in particular.</p> + +<p>According to the <i>Popol Vuh</i>, “the chief god of the Cak<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_40" id="Page_40">[40]</a></span>chiquels was +<i>Chamalcan</i>, and his image was a <span class="nowrap">bat.”<a name="FNanchor_40-1_49" id="FNanchor_40-1_49"></a><a href="#Footnote_40-1_49" class="fnanchor">40-1</a></span> Brasseur endeavored to +trace this to a Nahuatl <span class="nowrap">etymology,<a name="FNanchor_40-2_50" id="FNanchor_40-2_50"></a><a href="#Footnote_40-2_50" class="fnanchor">40-2</a></span> but there is little doubt it +refers, as do so many of the Cakchiquel proper names, to their calendar. +<i>Can</i> is the fifth day of their week, and its sign was a <span class="nowrap">serpent;<a name="FNanchor_40-3_51" id="FNanchor_40-3_51"></a><a href="#Footnote_40-3_51" class="fnanchor">40-3</a></span> +<i>chamal</i> is a slightly abbreviated form of <i>chaomal</i>, which the lexicons +translate “beauty” and “fruitfulness,” connected with <i>chaomar</i>, to +yield abundantly. He was the serpent god of fruitfulness, and by this +type suggests relations to the lightning and the showers. The bat, +<i>Zotz</i>, was the totem of the Zotzils, the ruling family of the +Cakchiquels; and from the extract quoted, they seem to have set it up as +the image of Chamalcan.</p> + +<p>The generic term for their divinities, employed by Xahila, and also +frequently in the <i>Popol Vuh</i>, is <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />abuyl</span></i>, which I have elsewhere +derived from the Maya <i>chab</i>, to create, to form. It is closely allied +to the epithets applied in both works to the Deity, <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />akol</span></i>, the +maker, especially he who makes something from earth or clay; <i>bitol</i>, +the former, or fashioner; <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />aholom</span></i>, the begetter of sons; <i>alom</i>, the +bearer of children; these latter words intimating the bi-sexual nature +of the principal divinity, as we also find in the Aztec mythology and +elsewhere. The name <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />axto<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" /></span></i>, the liar, from the verb +<i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />axto<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oh</span></i>, to lie, also frequently used by Xahila with reference to +the<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_41" id="Page_41">[41]</a></span> chief god of his nation in its heathendom, may possibly have arisen +after their conversion to Christianity; but from the coincidence that +the Algonkin tribes constantly applied such seemingly opprobrious terms +to their principal deity, it may have arisen from a similar cycle of +myths as did <span class="nowrap">theirs.<a name="FNanchor_41-1_52" id="FNanchor_41-1_52"></a><a href="#Footnote_41-1_52" class="fnanchor">41-1</a></span></p> + +<p>There are references in Xahila’s <i>Annals</i> to the Quiche deities, +Exbalanquen, Cabrakan, Hunahpu, and Tohil, but they do not seem to have +occupied any prominent place in Cakchiquel mythology. Several minor gods +are named, as <i>Belehe Toh</i>, nine Toh, and <i>Hun Tihax</i>, one Tihax; these +appellations are taken from the calendar.</p> + +<p>Father Pantaleon de Guzman furnishes the names of various inferior +deities, which serve to throw light on the Cakchiquel religion. Four of +these appear to be gods of diseases, <i>Ahal puh</i>, <i>Ahal <span class="nowrap">te<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ob</span></i>, <i>Ahal +xic</i>, and <i>Ahál <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />anya</span></i>; at least three of these second words are also +the designations of maladies, and <i>ahal</i> is probably a mistake of the +copyist for <i>ahau</i>, lord. As the gods of the abode of the dead, he names +<i>Tatan bak</i> and <i>Tatan holom</i>, Father Bones and Father Skull.</p> + +<p>Another series of appellations which Guzman gives as of Cakchiquel gods, +show distinctly the influence of Nahuatl doctrines. There are <i>Mictan +ahauh</i>, lord of Mictlan, this being the name of the abode of darkness, +in Aztec mythology; <i>Caueztan ahauh</i>, probably <i>Coatlan</i>, lord of the +abode of serpents; <i>Tzitzimil</i>, the <i>tzitzimime</i> of the Aztecs; and +<i>Colele</i>,<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_42" id="Page_42">[42]</a></span> probably <i>colotl</i>, the scorpion, or <i>tecolotl</i>, the owl, +which latter, under the name <i>tucur</i>, is also mentioned by <span class="nowrap">Xahila.<a name="FNanchor_42-1_53" id="FNanchor_42-1_53"></a><a href="#Footnote_42-1_53" class="fnanchor">42-1</a></span></p> + +<p>Father Coto refers to some of their deities of the woods and streams. +One of these, the Man of the Woods, is famous throughout Yucatan and +most of Central America. The Spaniards call him <i>Salonge</i>, the Mayas +<i>Che Vinic</i>, and the Cakchiquels <i>ru vinakil chee</i>; both these latter +meaning “the woods man.” What gives this phantom especial interest in +this connection is, that Father Coto identifies the woodsman with the +<i><span class="nowrap">Zaki<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oxol</span></i>, the white fire maker, encountered by the Cakchiquels in +Xahila’s narrative <span class="nowrap">(<a href="#text21">Sec. 21</a>).<a name="FNanchor_42-2_54" id="FNanchor_42-2_54"></a><a href="#Footnote_42-2_54" class="fnanchor">42-2</a></span> I have narrated the curious +folk-lore about the woodsman in another publication, and need not repeat +it <span class="nowrap">here.<a name="FNanchor_42-3_55" id="FNanchor_42-3_55"></a><a href="#Footnote_42-3_55" class="fnanchor">42-3</a></span> His second name, the White Fire Maker, perhaps refers to +the “light wood” or phosphorescence about damp and decaying trees.</p> + +<p>To the water-sprites, the Undines of their native streams, they gave the +name <i>xulu</i>, water-flies, or <i>ru vinakil ya</i>, the water people.</p> + +<p>As their household gods, they formed little idols of the ashes from the +funeral pyres of their great men, kneading them with clay. To these they +gave the name <i>vinak</i>, men or beings (Coto).</p> + +<p><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_43" id="Page_43">[43]</a></span>Representations of these divinities were carved in wood and stone, and +the words <i>chee abah</i>, “wood and stone,” usually mean, when they appear +together in Xahila’s narrative, “idols or images in wood and stone.”</p> + +<p>The Stone God, indeed, is a prominent figure in their mythology, as it +was in their daily life. This was the sacred <i>Chay Abah</i>, the Obsidian +Stone, which was the oracle of their nation, and which revealed the will +of the gods on all important civil and military questions. To this day, +their relatives, the Mayas of Yucatan, attach implicit faith to the +revelations of the <i>zaztun</i>, the divining stone kept by their sorcerers, +and if it decrees the death of any one, they will despatch him with +their machetes, without the slightest <span class="nowrap">hesitation.<a name="FNanchor_43-1_56" id="FNanchor_43-1_56"></a><a href="#Footnote_43-1_56" class="fnanchor">43-1</a></span> The belief was +cherished by the rulers and priests, as they alone possessed the power +to gaze on the polished surface of the sacred block of obsidian, and +read thereupon the invisible decrees of divinity. (See above, p. <a href="#Page_25">25</a>).</p> + +<p>As the stone came from the earth, it was said to have been derived from +the under world, from <i>Xibalbay</i>, literally the unseen or invisible +place, the populous realm in Quiche myth, visited and conquered by their +culture hero, Xbalanque. Hence in Cakchiquel tale, the Chay Abah +represented the principle of life, as well as the source of +<span class="nowrap">knowledge.<a name="FNanchor_43-2_57" id="FNanchor_43-2_57"></a><a href="#Footnote_43-2_57" class="fnanchor">43-2</a></span></p> + +<p>The Cakchiquel <i>Annals</i> do not pretend to deal with<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_44" id="Page_44">[44]</a></span> mythology, but from +various references and fragments inserted as history, it is plain that +they shared the same sacred legends as the Quiches, which were, in all +probability, under slightly different forms, the common property of the +Maya race. They all indicate loans from the Aztec mythology. In the +Cakchiquel <i>Annals</i>, as in the <i>Popol Vuh</i> and the <i>Maya Chronicles</i>, we +hear of the city of the sun god, <i>Tulan</i> or <i>Tonatlan</i>, as the place of +their origin, of the land <i>Zuiva</i> and of the <i>Nonoalcos</i>, names +belonging to the oldest cycles of myths in the religion of the Aztecs. +In the first volume of this series I have discussed their appearance in +the legends of Central <span class="nowrap">America,<a name="FNanchor_44-1_58" id="FNanchor_44-1_58"></a><a href="#Footnote_44-1_58" class="fnanchor">44-1</a></span> and need not refer to them here +more than to say that those who have founded on these names theories of +the derivation of the Maya tribes or their ruling families from the +Toltecs, a purely imaginary people, have perpetrated the common error of +mistaking myth for history. It is this error that renders valueless much +that the Abbé Brasseur, M. Charnay and others of the French school, have +written on this subject.</p> + +<p>Xahila gives an interesting description of some of their ancient rites +(<a href="#text44">Sec. 44</a>). Their sacred days were the 7th and 13th of each week. White +resin was burned as incense, and green branches with the bark of +evergreen trees were brought to the temple, and burned before the idol, +together with a small animal, which he calls a cat, “as the image of +night;” but our domestic cat was unknown to them, and what animal was +originally meant by the word <i>mez</i>, I do not know.</p> + +<p>He mentions that the priests and nobles drew blood with<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_45" id="Page_45">[45]</a></span> the spines of +the gourd tree and maguey, and elsewhere (<a href="#text37">Sec. 37</a>) refers to the +sacrifice of infants at a certain festival. The word for the sacrificial +letting of blood was <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ohb</span></i>, which, by some of the missionaries, was +claimed as the root of the word <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />abuil</span></i>, deity.</p> + +<p>Human sacrifice was undoubtedly frequent, although the reverse has been +asserted by various <span class="nowrap">historians.<a name="FNanchor_45-1_59" id="FNanchor_45-1_59"></a><a href="#Footnote_45-1_59" class="fnanchor">45-1</a></span> Father Varea gives some curious +particulars. The victim was immolated by fire, the proper word being +<i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />atoh</span></i>, to burn, and then cut in pieces and eaten. When it was, as +usual, a male captive, the genital organs were given to one of the old +women who were prophetesses, to be eaten by her, as a reward for her +supplications for their future success in <span class="nowrap">battle.<a name="FNanchor_45-2_60" id="FNanchor_45-2_60"></a><a href="#Footnote_45-2_60" class="fnanchor">45-2</a></span> The cutting in +pieces of <span class="nowrap">Tol<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />om,</span> in the narrative of Xahila, has reference to such a +festival.</p> + +<p>Sanchez y Leon states that the most usual sacrifice was a child. The +heart was taken out, and the blood was sprinkled toward the four +cardinal points as an act of adoration to the four winds, copal being +burned at the same time, as an <span class="nowrap">incense.<a name="FNanchor_45-3_61" id="FNanchor_45-3_61"></a><a href="#Footnote_45-3_61" class="fnanchor">45-3</a></span></p> + +<p>A leading feature in their ceremonial worship was the sacred dance, or, +as the Spanish writers call it, <i>el baile</i>. The native name for it is +<i>xahoh</i>, and it is repeatedly referred to in the <i>Annals</i>. The legendary +origin of some of these dances,<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_46" id="Page_46">[46]</a></span> indeed, constitute a marked feature in +its narratives. They are mentioned by the missionaries as the favorite +pastime of the Indians; and as it was impossible to do away with them +altogether, they contented themselves with suppressing their most +objectionable features, drunkenness and debauchery, and changed them, at +least in name, from ceremonies in honor of some heathen god, to some +saint in the Roman calendar. In some of these, vast numbers of +assistants took part, as is mentioned by Xahila (<a href="#text32">Sec. 32</a>).</p> + +<p>Magic and divination held a very important place in Cakchiquel +superstition, as the numerous words bearing upon them testify. The form +of belief common to them and their neighbors, has received the name +<i>Nagualism</i>, from the Maya root <i>na</i>, meaning to use the senses. I have +traced its derivation and extension <span class="nowrap">elsewhere,<a name="FNanchor_46-1_62" id="FNanchor_46-1_62"></a><a href="#Footnote_46-1_62" class="fnanchor">46-1</a></span> and in this +connection will only observe that the narrative of Xahila, in repeated +passages, proves how deeply it was rooted in the Cakchiquel mind. The +expression <i>ru puz ru naval</i>, should generally be rendered “his magic +power, his sorcery,” though it has a number of allied significations. +<i>Naval</i> as a noun means magician, <i>naval chee</i>, <i>naval abah</i>, the spirit +of the tree, of the stone, or the divinity embodied in the idols of +these substances.</p> + +<p>Another root from which a series of such words were derived, was <i>hal</i>, +to change. The power of changing or metamorphosing themselves into +tigers, serpents, birds, globes of fire, etc., was claimed by the +sorcerers, and is several times mentioned in the following texts. Hence +the sorcerer was called <i>haleb</i>, the power he possessed to effect such +transformations <i>halibal</i>, the change effected <i>halibeh</i>, etc.</p> + +<p><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_47" id="Page_47">[47]</a></span>Their remarkable subjection to these superstitions is illustrated by the +word <i>lab</i>, which means both to divine the future and to make war, +because, says Ximenez, “they practiced divination in order to decide +whether they should make war or <span class="nowrap">not.”<a name="FNanchor_47-1_63" id="FNanchor_47-1_63"></a><a href="#Footnote_47-1_63" class="fnanchor">47-1</a></span></p> + +<p>These auguries were derived frequently from the flight and call of birds +(as in the <i>Annals</i>, Secs. <a href="#text13">13</a>, <a href="#text14">14</a>, etc.), but also from other sources. +The diviner who foretold by grains of maize, bore the title <i>malol +ixim</i>, the anointer or consecrator of maize (<i>Dicc. </i><a name="corr4" id="corr4"></a><ins class="correction" title="Anon."><i>Anon</i></ins>).</p> + +<p>The priesthood was represented by two high priests, elected for life by +the ruler and council. The one who had especial custody of religious +affairs wore a flowing robe, a circlet or diadem on his head ornamented +with feathers, and carried in his hand a rod, or wand. On solemn +occasions he publicly sacrificed blood from his ears, tongue, and +genital organ.</p> + +<p>His associate was the custodian and interpreter of the sacred books, +their calendars and myths, and decided on lucky and unlucky days, omens +and prognostics.</p> + +<p>In addition to these, there were certain old men, of austere life, who +dwelt in the temples, and wore their hair in plaited strands around +their heads (<i>trenzado en circulo</i>), who were consulted on ordinary +occasions as <span class="nowrap">diviners.<a name="FNanchor_47-2_64" id="FNanchor_47-2_64"></a><a href="#Footnote_47-2_64" class="fnanchor">47-2</a></span></p> + +<p>The funeral rites of the Cakchiquels have been related at considerable +length by Fuentes, from original documents in<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_48" id="Page_48">[48]</a></span> the <a name="corr5" id="corr5"></a><ins class="correction" title="Pokomam">Pokoman</ins> +<span class="nowrap">dialect.<a name="FNanchor_48-1_65" id="FNanchor_48-1_65"></a><a href="#Footnote_48-1_65" class="fnanchor">48-1</a></span> The body was laid in state for two days, after which it +was placed in a large jar and interred, a mound being erected over the +remains. On the mound a statue of the deceased was placed, and the spot +was regarded as sacred. Father Coto gives somewhat the same account, +adding that these mounds were constructed either of stone or of the +adjacent soil, and were called <i>cakhay</i> or <span class="nowrap"><i>cubucak</i>.<a name="FNanchor_48-2_66" id="FNanchor_48-2_66"></a><a href="#Footnote_48-2_66" class="fnanchor">48-2</a></span> He +positively asserts that human sacrifices accompanied the interments of +chiefs, which is denied by Fuentes, except among the Quiches. These +companions for the deceased chief on his journey to the land of souls, +were burned on his funeral pyre. A large store of charcoal was buried +with the corpse, as that was supposed to be an article of which he would +have special use on his way. Sanchez y Leon mentions that the high +priest was buried in his house, clothed and seated upon his chair. The +funeral ceremonies, in his case, lasted fifteen <span class="nowrap">days.<a name="FNanchor_48-3_67" id="FNanchor_48-3_67"></a><a href="#Footnote_48-3_67" class="fnanchor">48-3</a></span></p> + + +<p class="sectionhead"><a name="language" id="language"></a><i>The Cakchiquel Language.</i></p> + +<p>The Cakchiquel tongue was reduced to writing by the Spanish +missionaries, and therefore, in this work, as in all the MSS, the +following letters are used with their Spanish values,—a, b, c, ch, ç, +e, i, l, m, n, o, p, q, r, t, y.</p> + +<p>The following are not <span class="nowrap">employed:—</span></p> + +<p>d, f, g, j, s, ñ, z.</p> + +<p>The following are introduced, but with sounds differing from the +Spanish:—</p> + +<p><i>h.</i> This is always a decided rough breathing or forcible<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_49" id="Page_49">[49]</a></span> expiration, +like the Spanish j, or the strong English h; except when it follows c or +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />,</span> when it is pronounced as in the Spanish, <i>cha</i>, <i>che</i>, etc.</p> + +<p><i>k.</i> This has never the sound of c, but is a rough palatal, the mouth +being opened, and the tongue placed midway, between the upper and lower +walls of the oral cavity, while the sound is forcibly expelled.</p> + +<p><i>v.</i> This letter, whether as a consonant (<i>v</i>) or a vowel (<i>u</i>), is +pronounced separately, except when it is doubled, as in <i>vuh</i> (<i>uuh</i>), +book or paper, when the double vowel is very closely akin to the English +<i>w</i>.</p> + +<p><i>x.</i> In Cakchiquel and its associated dialects, this letter represents +the sound of <i>sh</i> in the English words <i>she</i>, <i>shove</i>, etc.</p> + +<p>Besides the above, there are five sounds occurring in the Cakchiquel, +Quiche and Tzutuhil, for which five special characters were invented, or +rather adopted, by the early missionary Francisco de la Parra, who died +in Guatemala, in 1560. They are the <span class="nowrap">following:—</span></p> + +<p class="center"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" /> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />h</span> <img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" /> <img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /> <img src="images/tz.png" class="letter" alt="tz" title="tz" /></p> + +<p>The origin and phonetic value of these, as given by the grammarian +Torresano, are as <span class="nowrap">follows:<a name="FNanchor_49-1_68" id="FNanchor_49-1_68"></a><a href="#Footnote_49-1_68" class="fnanchor">49-1</a>—</span></p> + +<p><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> This is called the <i>tresillo</i>, from its shape, it being an old form +of the figure three, reversed, thus, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/image01.png" class="letter" alt="reversed 3" title="reversed 3" />.</span> It is +the only true guttural in the language, being pronounced forcibly from +the throat, with a trilling sound (<i>castañeteando</i>).</p> + +<p><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" /></span> From its shape this is called the <i>cuatrillo</i>, Parra having<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_50" id="Page_50">[50]</a></span> adopted +for it an old form of the figure 4. It is a trilled palatal, between a +hard <i>c</i> and <i>k</i>.</p> + +<p><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" /></span> The name applied to this is, the <i>cuatrillo con coma</i>, or the 4 +with a comma. It is pronounced somewhat like the <i>c</i> with the cedilla, +ç, only more quickly and with greater force—<i>ds</i> or <i>dz</i>.</p> + +<p><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/tz.png" class="letter" alt="tz" title="tz" /></span> This resembles the “4 with a comma,” but is described as softer, +the tongue being brought into contact with the teeth, exactly as <i>tz</i> in +German.</p> + +<p><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />h</span> A compound sound produced by combining the cuatrillo with a +forcible aspirate, is represented by this sign.</p> + +<p>Naturally, no description in words can convey a correct notion of these +sounds. To learn them, one must hear them spoken by those to the +manner-born.</p> + +<p>Dr. Otto Stoll, who recently made a careful study of the Cakchiquel when +in Guatemala, says of Parra’s <span class="nowrap">characters:—</span></p> + +<p>“The four new signs added to the European alphabet, by some of the old +writers on Cakchiquel (Parra, Flores), viz: <img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />, <img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />, <img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />h,</span> are +but phonetic modifications of four corresponding signs of the common +alphabet. So we get four pairs of sounds, <span class="nowrap">namely:—</span></p> + +<p class="center noindent">c and <img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />;<br /> +k and <img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /><br /> +ch and <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />h</span><br /> +tz and <img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" /></p> + +<p class="noindent">forming two series of consonants, the former of which represents the +common letters, and the latter their respective “cut letters,” which may +be described as being pronounced with a shorter and more explosive sound +than the corresponding<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_51" id="Page_51">[51]</a></span> common letter, and separated by a short pause +from the preceding or following <span class="nowrap">vowel.”<a name="FNanchor_51-1_69" id="FNanchor_51-1_69"></a><a href="#Footnote_51-1_69" class="fnanchor">51-1</a></span></p> + +<p>The late Dr. Berendt illustrated the phonetic value of such “cut” +letters, by the example of two English words where the same letter +terminates one word and begins the next, and each is clearly but rapidly +pronounced, thus, the <img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /> is pronounced like two <a name="corr6" id="corr6"></a><ins class="correction" title="guttural">gutteral</ins> <i>ks</i> in +“brea<i>k</i> <i>k</i>ettle;” the <img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" /> like the two <i>cs</i> in <a name="corr7" id="corr7"></a><ins class="correction" title="The c at the end of magic and beginning of candle should be italicized.">“magic candle,”</ins> +etc.</p> + +<p>There would appear to have been other “cut” letters in the old dialects +of Cakchiquel, as in Guzman we find the <i>pp</i> and <i>thth</i>, as in the Maya, +but later writers dropped them.</p> + +<p>I may dispense with a discussion of the literature of the Cakchiquel +language, having treated that subject so lately as last year, in the +introduction to the <i>Grammar of the Cakchiquel</i>, which I then translated +and edited for the American Philosophical Society. As will be seen by +reference to that work, it is quite extensive, and much of it has been +preserved. I have examined seven dictionaries of the tongue, all quite +comprehensive; manuscript copies of all are in the United States. None +of these, however, has been published; and we must look forward to the +dictionary now preparing by Dr. Stoll, of Zurich, as probably the first +to see the light.</p> + +<p>The Maya race, in nearly all its branches, showed its intellectual +superiority by the eagerness with which it turned to literary pursuits, +as soon as some of its members had learned the alphabet. I have brought +forward some striking testimony<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_52" id="Page_52">[52]</a></span> to this in <span class="nowrap">Yucatan,<a name="FNanchor_52-1_70" id="FNanchor_52-1_70"></a><a href="#Footnote_52-1_70" class="fnanchor">52-1</a></span> and there is +even more in Central America. The old historians frequently refer to the +histories of their own nations, written out by members of the Quiche, +Cakchiquel, Pokomam and Tzendal tribes. Vasquez, Fuentes and Juarros +quote them frequently, and with respect. They were composed in the +aboriginal tongues, for the benefit of their fellow townsmen, and as +they were never printed, most of them became lost, much to the regret of +antiquaries.</p> + +<p>Of those preserved, the <i>Popol Vuh</i> or National Book of the Quiches, and +the <i>Annals</i> of the Cakchiquels, the latter published for the first time +in this volume, are the most important known.</p> + +<p>The former, the “Sacred Book” of the Quiches, a document of the highest +merits, and which will certainly increase in importance as it is +studied, was printed at Paris in 1861, with a translation into French by +the Abbé Brasseur (de Bourbourg). He made use only of the types of the +Latin alphabet; and both in this respect and in the fidelity of his +translation, he has left much to be desired in the presentation of the +work.</p> + +<p>The recent publication of the <i>Grammar</i> also relieves me from the +necessity of saying much about the structure of the Cakchiquel language. +Those who wish to acquaint themselves with it, and follow the +translation given in this volume by comparing the original text, will +need to procure all the information contained in the <i>Grammar</i>. It will +be sufficient to say here that the tongue is one built up with admirable +regularity on radicals of one or two syllables. The perfection and +logical sequence of its verbal forms have excited the<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_53" id="Page_53">[53]</a></span> wonder and +applause of some of the most eminent linguists, and are considered by +them to testify to remarkable native powers of <span class="nowrap">mind.<a name="FNanchor_53-1_71" id="FNanchor_53-1_71"></a><a href="#Footnote_53-1_71" class="fnanchor">53-1</a></span></p> + + +<p class="sectionhead"><a name="annals" id="annals"></a><i>The Annals of Xahila.</i></p> + +<p>The MS. from which I print the <i>Annals of the Cakchiquels</i>, is a folio +of 48 leaves, closely written on both sides in a very clear and regular +hand, with indigo ink. It is incomplete, the last page closing in the +middle of a sentence.</p> + +<p>What is known of the history of this manuscript, is told us by Don Juan +Gavarrete, who, for many years, was almost the only native of Guatemala +interested in the early history of his country. He tells us in his +introduction to his translation of it, soon to be mentioned, that in +1844 he was commissioned to arrange the archives of the Convent of San +Francisco of Guatemala, by order of the Archbishop Don Francisco Garcia +Pelaez. Among the MSS. of the archives he found these sheets, written +entirely in Cakchiquel, except a few marginal glosses in Spanish, in a +later hand, and in ordinary ink. The document was submitted to several +persons acquainted with the Cakchiquel language, who gave<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_54" id="Page_54">[54]</a></span> a general +statement of its contents, but not a literal and complete +<span class="nowrap">translation.<a name="FNanchor_54-1_72" id="FNanchor_54-1_72"></a><a href="#Footnote_54-1_72" class="fnanchor">54-1</a></span></p> + +<p>When, in 1855, the Abbé Brasseur (de Bourbourg) visited Guatemala, Señor +Gavarrete showed him this MS., and the Abbé borrowed it for the purpose +of making a full version, doubtless availing himself of the partial +translations previously furnished. His version completed, he left a copy +of it with Señor Gavarrete, and brought the original with him to +<span class="nowrap">Europe.<a name="FNanchor_54-2_73" id="FNanchor_54-2_73"></a><a href="#Footnote_54-2_73" class="fnanchor">54-2</a></span> It remained in his possession until his death at Nice, +when, along with the rest of the Abbé’s library, it passed into the +hands of M. Alphonse Pinart. This eminent ethnologist learning my desire +to include it in the present series of publications, was obliging enough +to offer me the opportunity of studying it.</p> + +<p>Previous to its discovery in Guatemala, in 1844, we have no record of it +whatsoever, and must turn to the document itself for information.</p> + +<p>The title given it by Brasseur, and adopted by Gavarrete, <i>Memorial de +Tecpan Atitlan</i>, was purely factitious, and, moreover, is misleading. It +was, indeed, written at the town of Tzolola or Atitlan, on the lake of +that name, the chief city of<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_55" id="Page_55">[55]</a></span> the Tzutuhils; but its authors were +Cakchiquels; its chief theme is the history of their tribe, and it is +only by the accident of their removal to Atitlan, years after the +Conquest, that its composition occurred there. I have, therefore, +adopted for it, or at least that portion of it which I print, the much +more appropriate name, <i>The Annals of the Cakchiquels</i>.</p> + +<p>I say “for that portion of it,” because I print but 48 out of the 96 +pages of the original. These contain, however, all that is of general +interest; all that pertains to the ancient history of the nation. The +remainder is made up of an uninteresting record of village and family +incidents, and of a catalogue of births, baptisms and marriages. The +beginning of the text as printed in this volume, starts abruptly in the +MS. after seventeen pages of such trivialities, and has no separate +title or heading.</p> + +<p>The caption of the first page of the MS. explains the purpose of this +miscellaneous collection of family documents. That caption is</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 169px;"> +<img src="images/image02.png" alt="Cross" title="Cross" /> +</div> + +<p class="titlepage"><span class="smcap" style="font-size: 120%;">Vae memoria chire <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />haoh.</span></span><br /> +<span class="smrom">THIS IS THE RECORD FOR THE PROCESS.</span></p> + +<p>The word <i>memoria</i> is the Spanish for a record, memoir or brief, and the +Cakchiquel <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />haoh</span></i>, originally contention, revolt, was, after the +Conquest, the technical term for a legal process or lawsuit. These +papers, therefore, form part of the record in one of those interminable +legal cases in which the<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_56" id="Page_56">[56]</a></span> Spanish law delighted. The plaintiffs in the +case seem to have been the Xahila family, who brought the action to +recover some of their ancient possessions or privileges, as one of the +two ruling families of the Cakchiquel nation; and in order to establish +this point, they filed in their plea the full history of their tribe and +genealogy of their family, so far as was known to them by tradition or +written record. It belongs to the class of legal instruments, called in +Spanish law <i>Titulos</i>, family titles. A number of such, setting forth +the descent and rights of the native princes in Central America, are in +existence, as the <i>Titulo de Totonicapan</i>, etc.</p> + +<p>The date of the present rescript is not accurately fixed. As it includes +the years 1619-20, it must have been later than those dates. From the +character of the paper and writing, I should place it somewhere between +1620 and 1650.</p> + +<p>In his <i>Advertencia</i> to his translation of it, Señor Gavarrete asserts +that the document is in the handwriting of one of the native authors. +This is not my opinion. It is in the small, regular, perfectly legible +hand of a professional scribe, a notarial clerk, no doubt, thoroughly at +home in the Cakchiquel language, and trained in the phonetic characters, +introduced with such success by Father Parra, as I have already +mentioned. The centre lines and catch-words are in large, clear letters, +so as to attract the eye of the barrister, as</p> + +<p class="titlepage"><span class="smcap" style="font-size: 120%;">Vae memoria chire vinak chij.</span><br /> +<span class="smrom">THIS IS THE STATEMENT OF THE TORTS.</span></p> + +<p class="noindent">or,</p> + +<p class="titlepage"><span class="smcap" style="font-size: 120%;">Vae memoria <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />anavinakil.</span></span><br /> +<span class="smrom">THIS IS A RECORD OF THE WITNESSES.</span></p> + +<p><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_57" id="Page_57">[57]</a></span>The document is made up of the depositions and statements of a number of +members of the Xahila family, but that around which the chief interest +centres, and that which alone is printed in this volume, is the history +of his nation as written out by one of them who had already reached +adult years, at the epoch of the first arrival of the Spaniards, in +1524. Unfortunately, his simple-hearted modesty led him to make few +personal allusions, and we can glean little information about his own +history. The writer first names himself, in the year 1582, where he +speaks of “me, Francisco Ernantez <span class="nowrap">Arana.”<a name="FNanchor_57-1_74" id="FNanchor_57-1_74"></a><a href="#Footnote_57-1_74" class="fnanchor">57-1</a></span> The greater part of the +manuscript, however, was composed many years before this. Its author +says that his grandfather, the king Hun Yg, and his father, Balam, both +died in 1521, and his own marriage took place in 1522. As it was the +custom of his nation to marry young, he was probably, at the time, not +over 15 years of <span class="nowrap">age.<a name="FNanchor_57-2_75" id="FNanchor_57-2_75"></a><a href="#Footnote_57-2_75" class="fnanchor">57-2</a></span></p> + +<p>That Francisco Ernantez was not the author of the first part of the +document seems evident. Under the year 1560 occurs the following +<span class="nowrap">entry:—</span></p> + +<p>“Twenty days before the Feast of the Nativity my mother died; soon +after, my late father was carried off (xchaptah) while they were burying +my mother; my father took medicine but once before we buried him. The +pest continued to rage for seven days after Easter; my mother, my +father, my brother and my sister died this year.<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_58" id="Page_58">[58]</a></span>”</p> + +<p>It could not, of course, be the son of Balam, who died in 1521, who +wrote this.</p> + +<p>Under 1563 the writer <span class="nowrap">mentions:—</span></p> + +<p>“At this time my second son Raphael was born, at the close of the fourth +year of the fourth cycle after the revolt.”</p> + +<p>The last entry which contains the characteristic words <i><span class="nowrap">ixnu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol</span></i>, +“you my children,” occurs in the year 1559, and is the last given in my +translation. My belief is that the document I give was written by the +father of Francisco Ernantez Xahila. The latter continued it from 1560 +to 1583, when it was taken up by Francisco Diaz, and later by other +members of the Xahila family.</p> + +<p>The Abbé Brasseur was of the opinion that these <i>Annals</i> carry the +record of the nation back to the beginning of the eleventh century, at +least. A close examination of the account shows that this is not the +case. Gagavitz, the earliest ruler of the nation, can easily be traced +as the ancestor in the eighth remove, of the author. The genealogy is as +<span class="nowrap">follows:—</span></p> + +<p>1. Gagavitz, “he who came from Tulan.”</p> + +<p>2. His son, Cay Noh, who succeeded him.</p> + +<p>3. Citan Qatu, son of Cay Noh, who also ruled.</p> + +<p>4. His son, Citan Tihax Cablah, who does not seem to have enjoyed the +leadership. It was regained by</p> + +<p>5. His son, Vukubatz, by the aid of the Quiche king, <a name="corr8" id="corr8"></a><ins class="correction" title="Qikab.">Quikab.</ins></p> + +<p>6. Oxlahuh Tzii, eldest son of Vukubatz, died A. D., 1509.</p> + +<p>7. Succeeded by his eldest son, Hun Yg, who died, together<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_59" id="Page_59">[59]</a></span> with his +eldest son Balam, the father of the author, in the year 1521.</p> + +<p>Allowing to these seven who outlived their parents an average survival +of twenty years, we are carried back to about the year 1380, as that on +which the migration, headed by Gagavitz, began its wanderings, little +more, therefore, than the length of two lives as protracted as that of +the author himself. This result is that generally obtained by a careful +scrutiny of American traditions. They very rarely are so far-reaching as +has usually been supposed. Anything spoken of as more than three or four +generations distant, may safely be assumed as belonging to myth, and not +to history.</p> + +<p>It was the expressed intention of the Abbé Brasseur to edit the original +text with his translation, but this he did not live to accomplish. He +incorporated numerous extracts from it in his <i>Histoire des Nations +Civilisées du Mexique et de l’Amerique Centrale</i>, and added a few +paragraphs in the original at the end of the first volume of that work; +but these did not give much idea of the document as a whole.</p> + +<p>When, with the aid of the previous partial translations and the +assistance of some intelligent natives, he had completed a version into +French, of that portion composed by the first two writers he gave a copy +of it to Don Juan Gavarrete. This antiquary translated it into Spanish, +and published it serially, in the <i>Boletin de la Sociedad Economica de +Guatemala</i>, beginning with No. 29, September, 1873, and continuing to +No. 43. Copies of this publication are, however, so scarce that I have +been unable to learn of a complete file, even in Guatemala. The +dissolution of the Sociedad Economica by order of the late President +Barrios, scattered the copies in its own archives.<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_60" id="Page_60">[60]</a></span></p> + + +<p class="sectionhead"><a name="synopsis" id="synopsis"></a><i>Synopsis of the Annals of Xahila.</i></p> + +<p>The work opens with a statement that the writer intends to record the +ancient traditions of his tribe, as handed down from their early heroes, +Gagavitz and Zactecauh. He begins with a brief genealogical table of the +four sub-tribes of the Cakchiquels (Secs. <a href="#text1">1-3</a>), and then relates their +notions of the creation of man at one of the mythical cities of Tulan, +in the distant west (<a href="#text4">4</a>, <a href="#text5">5</a>). Having been subjected to onerous burdens in +Tulan, they determine to leave it, and are advised to go by their +oracles (<a href="#text6">6-14</a>).</p> + +<p>They cross the sea, proceeding toward the east, and arrive at a land +inhabited by the Nonoualcats, an Aztec people (<a href="#text15">15-17</a>). Their first +action is formally to choose Gagavitz and Zactecauh as their joint +rulers (<a href="#text18">18-19</a>), and under their leadership they proceed to attack the +Nonoualcats. After a severe conflict the Cakchiquels are defeated, and +are obliged to seek safety in further wanderings. At length they reach +localities in Guatemala (<a href="#text20">20</a>). At this point an episode is introduced of +their encounter with the spirit of the forests, Zakiqoxol (<a href="#text21">21</a>, <a href="#text22">22</a>).</p> + +<p>They meet with various nations, some speaking a totally different +language; others, as the Mams and Pokomams, dialects of their own. With +the last mentioned they have serious conflicts (<a href="#text23">23-29</a>). During one of +their journeys, Zactecauh is killed by falling down a ravine (<a href="#text30">30</a>). An +episode here relates the traditional origin of one of their festivals, +that in honor of Gagxanul, “the uncoverer of the fire” (<a href="#text31">31</a>, <a href="#text32">32</a>).</p> + +<p>Their first arrival at Lake Atitlan is noted (<a href="#text33">33</a>), and the war that they +waged with the Ikomags (<a href="#text34">34</a>). Here an episode<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_61" id="Page_61">[61]</a></span> describes the traditional +origin of the festival of Tolgom (<a href="#text35">35-37</a>). A peaceful division of the +lake with the Tzutuhils is effected, and marriages take place between +the tribes (<a href="#text38">38</a>).</p> + +<p>The Cakchiquels, Quiches and Akahals now settle permanently in their +towns, and develop their civilization (<a href="#text39">39</a>, <a href="#text40">40</a>). They meet with numerous +hardships, as well as internal dissensions, the chief Baqahol at one +time obtaining the leadership. They succeed in establishing, however, +family life and a fixed religious worship, though in almost constant war +with their neighbors (<a href="#text41">41-46</a>).</p> + +<p>Gagavitz, “he who came from Tulan,” dies, and is followed by Cay Noh and +Cay Batz (<a href="#text47">47</a>). These acknowledge the supremacy of Tepeuh, the king of +the Quiches, and are sent out by him to collect tribute from the various +tribes. They are seduced and robbed by the Tzutuhils, and conceal +themselves in a cave, out of fear of Tepeuh. He forgives them, however, +and they continue in power until their death (<a href="#text49">49-59</a>).</p> + +<p>After this, a period of strife follows, and the names of four successive +rulers are mentioned, but none of the occurrences of their reigns +(<a href="#text60">60-66</a>).</p> + +<p>The narrative is resumed when Qikab, king of the Quiches, orders the +Cakchiquels to settle at the town of Chiavar. He appoints, as their +rulers, the warriors Huntoh and Vukubatz. A revolt <a name="corr9" id="corr9"></a><ins class="correction" title="against">agains</ins> Qikab, +headed by his two sons, results in his defeat and death (<a href="#text67">67-81</a>). During +this revolt, a contest between the Cakchiquels takes place, the close of +which finds the latter established in their final stronghold, the famous +fortress of “Iximche on the Ratzamut” (<a href="#text82">82-85</a>).</p> + +<p>At the death of Huntoh and Vukubatz, they are succeeded<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_62" id="Page_62">[62]</a></span> by Lahuh Ah and +Oxlahuh Tzii, who carry on various wars, and especially defeat the +Quiches in a general engagement, which is vividly described (<a href="#text86">86-93</a>). +They also conquer the Akahals, killing their king Ichal, and the +Tzutuhils, with their king Caoke (<a href="#text94">94-98</a>).</p> + +<p>During their reign, a sanguinary insurrection occurred in Iximche, of +such importance that the author adopts its date as the era from which to +reckon all subsequent events (<a href="#text99">99-104</a>). This date corresponded to the +year 1496, A. D.(?)</p> + +<p>The following years are marked by a series of unimportant wars, the +outbreak of a destructive pestilence, and finally, in 1524, twenty-eight +years after the Insurrection, by the arrival of the Spanish forces under +Alvarado (<a href="#text105">105-144</a>).</p> + +<p>The later pages are taken up with an account of the struggles between +the natives and the whites, until the latter had finally established +their supremacy.</p> + + +<p class="sectionhead"><a name="remarks" id="remarks"></a><i>Remarks on the Printed Text.</i></p> + +<p>In printing the MS. of Xahila, I have encountered certain difficulties +which have been only partially surmounted. As the Cakchiquel, though a +written, is not a printed tongue, there has no rule been established as +to the separation of verbs and their pronominal subjects, of nouns and +their possessive pronouns, of the elements of compound particles, of +tense and mode signs, etc. In the MSS. the utmost laxity prevails in +these respects, and they seem not to have been settled points in the +orthography of the tongue. The frequent elisions and euphonic +alterations observable in these compounds, prove that to the native mind +they bore the value of a single word, as we are aware they did from a +study of the structure of this<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_63" id="Page_63">[63]</a></span> class of languages. I have, therefore, +felt myself free to exercise in the printed page nearly the same freedom +which I find in the MS. At first, this will prove somewhat puzzling to +the student of the original, but in a little while he will come to +recognize the radical from its augment without difficulty.</p> + +<p>Another trouble has been the punctuation. In the original this consists +principally of dashes and commas, often quite capriciously distributed. +Here also, I have been lax in reducing the text to the requirements of +modern standards, and have left much latitude to the reader to arrange +it for himself.</p> + +<p>Capital letters are not often used in the original to distinguish proper +names, and as the text has been set up from a close copy of the first +text, some irregularities in this respect also must be anticipated.</p> + +<p>The paragraphs numbered in the text are distinctly marked in the +original, but are not numbered there. The numerals have been added for +convenience of reference.</p> + + +<div class="footnotes"> +<p><a name="Footnote_10-1_1" id="Footnote_10-1_1"></a><a href="#FNanchor_10-1_1"><span class="label">10-1</span></a> Dr. Otto Stoll, <i>Zur Ethnographie der Republik +Guatemala</i>, p. 157 (Zurich, 1884), on the phonetic laws which have +controlled the divergence of the two tongues, Cakchiquel and Maya. See +the same writer in his “Supplementary Remarks on a Grammar of the +Cakchiquel Language,” translated by Dr. D. G. Brinton, in <i>Proceedings +of the American Philosophical Society</i>, for 1885.</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_10-2_2" id="Footnote_10-2_2"></a><a href="#FNanchor_10-2_2"><span class="label">10-2</span></a> <i>Recordacion Florida, Discurso Historial, Natural, +Material, Militar y Politico del Reino de Goathemala.</i> Lib. II, Chap. +I.</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_10-3_3" id="Footnote_10-3_3"></a><a href="#FNanchor_10-3_3"><span class="label">10-3</span></a> <i>Myths of the New World</i>, p. 181; <i>American Hero-Myths</i>, +pp. 44, 73, 80, 162, etc.</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_11-1_4" id="Footnote_11-1_4"></a><a href="#FNanchor_11-1_4"><span class="label">11-1</span></a> “Cuatro generosos mancebos, nobles hermanos,” says +Fuentes y Guzman, <i>Recordacion Florida</i>, Lib. I, Cap. II. The story of +the four brothers who settled Guatemala is repeated by Torquemada, +<i>Monarchia Indiana</i>, Lib. XI, Cap. XVII, and other writers.</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_11-2_5" id="Footnote_11-2_5"></a><a href="#FNanchor_11-2_5"><span class="label">11-2</span></a> <i>The Maya Chronicles</i>, 109-122 (Library of Aboriginal +American Literature, Vol. I). For the evidence of the wholly mythical +character of the Toltecs, and of their “King,” Quetzalcoatl, see my +<i>American Hero-Myths</i>, Chapter III. (Philadelphia, 1882).</p> + +<p>Sanchez y Leon, quoting apparently some ancient Cakchiquel refrain, +gives as the former name of their royal race, <i>ru tzutuh Tulan</i>, the +Flower of Tulan, which wondrous city he would place in Western Asia. +<i>Apuntamientos de la Historia de Guatemala</i>, p. 2.</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_12-1_6" id="Footnote_12-1_6"></a><a href="#FNanchor_12-1_6"><span class="label">12-1</span></a> Herrera observes of the natives of Guatemala, that the +Nahuatl tongue was understood among them, though not in use between +themselves. “Corre entre ellos la lengua Mexicana, aunque la tienen +particular.” <i>Historia de las Indias Occidentales</i>, Dec. IV, Lib. VIII, +Cap. VIII.</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_12-2_7" id="Footnote_12-2_7"></a><a href="#FNanchor_12-2_7"><span class="label">12-2</span></a> I have in my possession the only grammar of this dialect +probably ever written: <i>Arte de la Lengua Vulgar Mexicana de Guatemala</i>, +MS., in a handwriting of the eighteenth century, without name of +author.</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_13-1_8" id="Footnote_13-1_8"></a><a href="#FNanchor_13-1_8"><span class="label">13-1</span></a> The four names are given in this form in the <i>Requête de +Plusieurs Chefs Indiens d’ Atitlan à Philippe II</i>, 1571, in +Ternaux-Compans, <i>Recueil des Pièces relatives a la Conquête du +Mexique</i>, p. 419. The spelling of the last is there <i>Tecocitlan</i>. For +their analysis, see Prof. <a name="corr10" id="corr10"></a><ins class="correction" title="Buschmann,">Baschmann,</ins> <i>Ueber die Aztekischen +Ortsnamen</i>, p. 719.</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_14-1_9" id="Footnote_14-1_9"></a><a href="#FNanchor_14-1_9"><span class="label">14-1</span></a> “Si bien se advierte, todo cuanto hacian y decian, era +en orden al maiz, que poco faltó para tenerlo por Dios, y era, y es, +tanto el encanto y embelezo que tienen con las milpas que por ellas +olvidan hijos y muger y otro cualquiera deleite, como si fuera la milpa +su ultimo fin y bienaventuranza.” <i>Chronica de la S. Provincia del +Santissimo Nombre de Jesus de Guattemala</i>, Cap. VII. MS. of the +seventeenth century, generally known as the <i>Cronica Franciscana</i>.</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_14-2_10" id="Footnote_14-2_10"></a><a href="#FNanchor_14-2_10"><span class="label">14-2</span></a> See Francisco Ximenez, <i>Las Historias del Origen de los +Indios de esta Provincia de Guatemala</i>, p. 191. (Ed. Scherzer, London +and Vienna, 1857).</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_14-3_11" id="Footnote_14-3_11"></a><a href="#FNanchor_14-3_11"><span class="label">14-3</span></a> Their first conqueror, the truculent Captain Pedro de +Alvarado, speaks of the <i>muy grandes tierras de panes</i>, the immense corn +fields he saw on all sides. <i>Relacion hecha per Pedro de Alvarado á +Hernando Cortéz</i>, in the <i>Biblioteca de Autores Españoles</i>, Tom. XXII, +p. 459.</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_15-1_12" id="Footnote_15-1_12"></a><a href="#FNanchor_15-1_12"><span class="label">15-1</span></a> “Hay mucho algodon, é son las mugeres buenas hilanderas +é haçen gentiles telas dello.” Gonzalo Fernandez de Oviedo y Valdés, +<i>Historia General y Natural de las Indias</i>, Par. III, Lib. III, Cap. IV. +“De la fertilidad de la tierra é gobernacion de Guatimala.”</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_15-2_13" id="Footnote_15-2_13"></a><a href="#FNanchor_15-2_13"><span class="label">15-2</span></a> “Son muy dados á edificar, y en lo que hoy vemos erigido +de los antiguos, reconocemos ser máquinas soberbias.” Fuentes y Guzman, +<i>Recordacion Florida</i>, Lib. II, Cap. I.</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_15-3_14" id="Footnote_15-3_14"></a><a href="#FNanchor_15-3_14"><span class="label">15-3</span></a> “Esta ciudad es bien obrada y fuerte á maravilla.” +<i>Relacion de Pedro de Alvarado</i>, in <i>Bib. de Autores Españoles</i>, Tom. +XXII, p. 459. So Herrera wrote from his authorities: “En Utlatan (<i>i. +e.</i>, the city of Gumarcaah, capital of the Quiches), havia muchos, i mui +grandes templos de sus dioses, de maravillosos edificios.” <i>Historia de +las Indias Occidentales</i>, Dec. III, Lib. IV, Cap. XIX.</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_16-1_15" id="Footnote_16-1_15"></a><a href="#FNanchor_16-1_15"><span class="label">16-1</span></a> <i>The Lineal Measures of the Semi-Civilized Nations of +Mexico and Central America</i>, by D. G. Brinton, in <i>Proceedings of the +American Philosophical Society</i>, and separately.</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_16-2_16" id="Footnote_16-2_16"></a><a href="#FNanchor_16-2_16"><span class="label">16-2</span></a> “En la Provincia de Utlatan, junto á Guatemala, se +averiguò <i>por las Pinturas, que los Naturales tenian de sus +antiguedades, demas de ochocientos años</i>, etc.” Herrera, <i>Historia de +las Indias Occidentales</i>, Dec. III, Lib. IV, Cap. XVIII.</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_17-1_17" id="Footnote_17-1_17"></a><a href="#FNanchor_17-1_17"><span class="label">17-1</span></a> “Son amigos de hacer colloquios y decir coplas en sus +bailes.” Thomas Coto, <i>Vocabulario de la Lengua Cakchiquel</i>. MS. sub +voce, <i>Poesia</i>.</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_17-2_18" id="Footnote_17-2_18"></a><a href="#FNanchor_17-2_18"><span class="label">17-2</span></a> “Son flecheros y no tienen hierba.” Oviedo, <i>Historia +General de Indias</i>, Par. III, Lib. III, Cap. IV.</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_18-1_19" id="Footnote_18-1_19"></a><a href="#FNanchor_18-1_19"><span class="label">18-1</span></a> This word is doubtful, as I do not find it in the +dictionaries, and judge of its meaning from its derivation and context. +See the <a href="#VOCABULARY">Vocabulary</a>. Sanchez y Leon speaks of the “very long lances +pointed with flint,” used by these people. <i>Apuntamientos de la Historia +de Guatemala</i>, p. 27.</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_19-1_20" id="Footnote_19-1_20"></a><a href="#FNanchor_19-1_20"><span class="label">19-1</span></a> The statement of Gavarrete, in his notes to Sanchez y +Leon, <i>Historia de Guatemala</i>, p. 3, that the Xahils and Zotzils were +two branches of the ruling family, the one residing at Iximche, the +other at Solola, rests on a misapprehension, as will be seen from the +<i>Annals</i> published in this volume.</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_20-1_21" id="Footnote_20-1_21"></a><a href="#FNanchor_20-1_21"><span class="label">20-1</span></a> It is interesting in this connection to observe how +widespread was the symbolic significance of the canopy, or sun shade, as +a mark of dignity. The student of Shakspeare will recall the lines in +his 125th <span class="nowrap">sonnet—</span></p> + +<p class="poem">“Were it aught to me I bore the canopy,<br /> +With my extern the outward honouring;”</p> + +<p class="noindent">while the ethnologist may consult Richard Andree’s suggestive essay, +<i>Der Schirm als Würdezeichen</i>, in his <i>Ethnographische Parallelen und +Vergleiche</i>, p. 250 (Stuttgart, 1878).</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_21-1_22" id="Footnote_21-1_22"></a><a href="#FNanchor_21-1_22"><span class="label">21-1</span></a> Alvarado writes “La tierra es muy poblada de pueblos muy +recios.” <i>Relacion</i>, etc., ubi suprá, p. 459. The following extract is +quoted from Las Casas, <i>Historia Apologetica</i>, MS., by Mr. Squier, in +his notes to Palacio:— +</p><p> +“En el Reyno de Guatemala, en la parte que va por la Sierra, estaban +ciudades de caba muy grandes, con maravillosos edificios de cal y canto, +de los cuales yo vi muchos; y otros pueblos sin numero de aquellas +sierras.”</p> + +<p>Sanchez y Leon states that there were, in all, thirty independent native +states in the former confines of Guatemala. <i>Historia de Guatemala</i>, p. +1.</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_22-1_23" id="Footnote_22-1_23"></a><a href="#FNanchor_22-1_23"><span class="label">22-1</span></a> On the derivation of Guatemala, see Buschmann, <i>Ueber +die Aztekischen Ortsnamen</i>, p. 719. That this is probably a translation +of the Cakchiquel <i>Molomic chee</i>, which has the same meaning, and is a +place-name mentioned in the <i>Annals</i>, I shall show on a later page.</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_22-2_24" id="Footnote_22-2_24"></a><a href="#FNanchor_22-2_24"><span class="label">22-2</span></a> See the <i>Otra Relacion hecha por Pedro de Albarado à +Hernando Cortes</i>, printed in the <i>Bibliotheca de Autores Españoles</i>, +Tom. XXII, p. 460.</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_23-1_25" id="Footnote_23-1_25"></a><a href="#FNanchor_23-1_25"><span class="label">23-1</span></a> Bernal Diaz, <i>Historia Verdadera de la Conquista de la +Nueva España</i>, Cap. CXCIII.</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_23-2_26" id="Footnote_23-2_26"></a><a href="#FNanchor_23-2_26"><span class="label">23-2</span></a> <i>Historia de Guatemala, ô Recordacion Florida</i>, Lib. XV, +Cap. V. The <i>Recordacion</i> was first printed at Madrid, 1882-83, edited +by Don Justo Zaragoza, as one of the numbers of the <i>Biblioteca de los +Americanistas</i>.</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_27-1_27" id="Footnote_27-1_27"></a><a href="#FNanchor_27-1_27"><span class="label">27-1</span></a> <i>Incidents of Travel in Central America, Chiapas and +Yucatan</i>, Vol. II, Chap. IX. I am inclined to believe that the original +stone, evidently supposed to be of great value, had been stolen, and +this piece of slate substituted. It was sewed up in a bag, which makes +the supposition probable, as it offered facility to conceal the theft.</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_28-1_28" id="Footnote_28-1_28"></a><a href="#FNanchor_28-1_28"><span class="label">28-1</span></a> They are referred to by the Archbishop Garcia Pelaez, in +these words: “Los planos y vistas tomadas por el comisionado y el +informe que las acompaña, muestran vestijios de adoratorios, +fortificaciones y trazas de edificios, calles y plazas ajustadas à +dimensiones y con elecion de materias en su estructura.”—<i>Memorias para +la Historia del Antiguo Reyno de Guatemala</i>. Por Don Francisco de Paula +Garcia Pelaez, Tom. I, p. 15, (Guatemala, 1851).</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_28-2_29" id="Footnote_28-2_29"></a><a href="#FNanchor_28-2_29"><span class="label">28-2</span></a> The names applied to these intercalary days are analyzed +differently by various authorities. For the etymology given of +<i>nemontemi</i>, I have followed M. Remi Simeon, in his notes to Dr. +Jourdanet’s translation of Sahagun’s <i>Historia de Nueva España</i>; the +Cakchiquel <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/tz.png" class="letter" alt="tz" title="tz" />api</span></i> is undoubtedly from <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/tz.png" class="letter" alt="tz" title="tz" />ap</span></i>, fault, evil, crime.</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_31-1_30" id="Footnote_31-1_30"></a><a href="#FNanchor_31-1_30"><span class="label">31-1</span></a> <i>May</i> is allied to the verb <i>meho</i>, to go somewhere and +return again. Hence <i>may</i> came to mean a cycle of years, months or +days.</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_31-2_31" id="Footnote_31-2_31"></a><a href="#FNanchor_31-2_31"><span class="label">31-2</span></a> <i>Apuntamientos de la Historia de Guatemala</i>, p. 28.</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_32-1_32" id="Footnote_32-1_32"></a><a href="#FNanchor_32-1_32"><span class="label">32-1</span></a> “<i>Chinamitl</i>, seto o cerca de cañas,” from <i>chinantia</i>, +to build a fence, to enclose.—Molina, <i>Vocabulario de la Lengua +Mexicana</i>.</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_32-2_33" id="Footnote_32-2_33"></a><a href="#FNanchor_32-2_33"><span class="label">32-2</span></a> Torresano, in his <i>Arte de la Lengua Cakchiquel</i>, MS., +gives this word as <i>ca</i>, which indicates its probable derivation from +the verb <i>cae</i>, to join together, to unite, “those united by a common +tie.”</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_32-3_34" id="Footnote_32-3_34"></a><a href="#FNanchor_32-3_34"><span class="label">32-3</span></a> Coto, <i>Vocabulario de la Lengua Cakchiquel</i>, MS., sub +voce, <i>Cuñado</i>.</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_32-4_35" id="Footnote_32-4_35"></a><a href="#FNanchor_32-4_35"><span class="label">32-4</span></a> Coto, u. s., s. v. <i>Alguaçil</i>. The word <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />alam</span></i> is +now applied to the canvas or tablets on which are painted the saints in +the churches. It also means a box or chest.—<i>Dicc. Cakchiquel Anon.</i></p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_32-5_36" id="Footnote_32-5_36"></a><a href="#FNanchor_32-5_36"><span class="label">32-5</span></a> See Brasseur, <i>Hist. du Mexique et l’ Am. Cent.</i>, Tom. +II, pp. 489-90.</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_33-1_37" id="Footnote_33-1_37"></a><a href="#FNanchor_33-1_37"><span class="label">33-1</span></a> “Tienen tambien renombres de sus chinamitales ò +parcialidades que tambien son de signos vel nombres señalados, como +Xahila, etc.”—Coto, <i>Vocabulario</i>, MS., s. v. <i>Renombre</i>.</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_34-1_38" id="Footnote_34-1_38"></a><a href="#FNanchor_34-1_38"><span class="label">34-1</span></a> <i>Hist. du Mexique</i>, Tom. II, p. 84.</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_34-2_39" id="Footnote_34-2_39"></a><a href="#FNanchor_34-2_39"><span class="label">34-2</span></a> Their names are given in the <i>Titulos de la Casa de +Ixcuin Nehaib</i>, p. 3. They are called “pueblos principales, cabezas de +calpules.” The Nahuatl word, <i>calpulli</i>, here used, meant the kinsfolk +actual and adopted, settled together. They were the gentes of the tribe. +See Ad. F. Bandelièr, <i>On the Social Organization and Mode of Government +of the Ancient Mexicans</i>, for a full explanation of their nature and +powers.</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_34-3_40" id="Footnote_34-3_40"></a><a href="#FNanchor_34-3_40"><span class="label">34-3</span></a> <i>The Lenâpé and their Legends</i>, p. 139.</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_37-1_41" id="Footnote_37-1_41"></a><a href="#FNanchor_37-1_41"><span class="label">37-1</span></a> Father Coto, in his MS., <i>Vocabulario Cakchiquel</i>, gives +the rendering “mandadero,” and states that one was elected each year by +the principals of each <i>chinamitl</i>, to convey messages. He adds: “Usan +mucho de este nombre en el Pueblo Atitlan.”</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_37-2_42" id="Footnote_37-2_42"></a><a href="#FNanchor_37-2_42"><span class="label">37-2</span></a> Compare my edition of the <i>Cakchiquel Grammar</i>, p. 58. +Brasseur translates this title erroneously, “decorated with a +bracelet.”—<i>Hist. des Nations Civilisées</i>, etc., Tome. II, p. 515.</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_37-3_43" id="Footnote_37-3_43"></a><a href="#FNanchor_37-3_43"><span class="label">37-3</span></a> “El retorico, platico.” Pantaleon de Guzman gives the +fuller form, <i>naol ah uchan</i>, which means “he who knows, the master of +speech.”—<i>Compendio de Nombres en Lengua Cakchiquel</i>, MS.</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_37-4_44" id="Footnote_37-4_44"></a><a href="#FNanchor_37-4_44"><span class="label">37-4</span></a> Usually written by ellipsis, <i>atzih vinak</i>. Brasseur +translates it “distributor of presents,” but it appears to be from +<i>tzih</i>, word, speech. The vocabularies are, as usual, very +unsatisfactory. “<i>Atzijh vinak</i>, Principal deste nombre.”—<i>Dicc. +Cakchiquel Anon.</i></p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_38-1_45" id="Footnote_38-1_45"></a><a href="#FNanchor_38-1_45"><span class="label">38-1</span></a> <i>Dicc. Cakchiquel </i><a name="corr11" id="corr11"></a><ins class="correction" title="Anon.,"><i>Anon</i>,</ins> MS., sub voce.</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_38-2_46" id="Footnote_38-2_46"></a><a href="#FNanchor_38-2_46"><span class="label">38-2</span></a> <i>Requète de Plusieurs Chefs Indiens d’Atitlan à Philippe +II</i>, in Ternaux-Compans, <i>Recueil de Pièces relatives à la Conquête du +Mexique</i>, p. 418.</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_38-3_47" id="Footnote_38-3_47"></a><a href="#FNanchor_38-3_47"><span class="label">38-3</span></a> Not “of the bird’s nest,” “ceux du nid de l’oiseau,” as +Brasseur translates it (<i>Hist. du Mexique</i>, Tome. II, p. 89), nor “casa +de la águila,” house of the eagle, as it is rendered by Fuentes y +Guzman, <i>Recordacion Florida</i>, Tom. I, p. 21. <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />iquin</span></i> is the generic +term for bird.</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_39-1_48" id="Footnote_39-1_48"></a><a href="#FNanchor_39-1_48"><span class="label">39-1</span></a> <i>The Names of the Gods in the Kiche Myths of Central +America</i>, in the <i>Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society</i>, +1881.</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_40-1_49" id="Footnote_40-1_49"></a><a href="#FNanchor_40-1_49"><span class="label">40-1</span></a> “Chamalcan u bi qui gabauil Cakchequeleb, xa Zotz u +vachibal.”—<i>Popol Vuh</i>, p. 224.</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_40-2_50" id="Footnote_40-2_50"></a><a href="#FNanchor_40-2_50"><span class="label">40-2</span></a> <i>Hist. des Nations Civ. du Mexique</i>, Tom. II, p. 173.</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_40-3_51" id="Footnote_40-3_51"></a><a href="#FNanchor_40-3_51"><span class="label">40-3</span></a> “El quinto <i>Cam</i>, esto es; amarillo, pero su significado +es culebra.”—Ximenez, <i>Las Historias del Origen de los Indios de +Guatemala</i>, p. 215. There are two errors in this extract. The name is +not <i>Cam</i>, but <i>Can</i>, and it does not mean yellow, which is <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />an</span></i>.</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_41-1_52" id="Footnote_41-1_52"></a><a href="#FNanchor_41-1_52"><span class="label">41-1</span></a> I have suggested an explanation of this strange term to +apply to the highest and most beneficent of their divinities, in a short +article in the <i>American Antiquarian</i>, 1885, “The Chief God of the +Algonkins in his Character as a Cheat and a Liar.”</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_42-1_53" id="Footnote_42-1_53"></a><a href="#FNanchor_42-1_53"><span class="label">42-1</span></a> Pantaleon de Guzman, <i>Compendio de Nombres en Lengua +Cakchiquel</i>, MS. On the rôle of the Tzitzimime in Aztec mythology see my +<i>American Hero-Myths</i>, p. 78.</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_42-2_54" id="Footnote_42-2_54"></a><a href="#FNanchor_42-2_54"><span class="label">42-2</span></a> “Al duende que anda en los montes llaman <i>ru vinakil +chee</i> vel <i><span class="nowrap">çaki<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oxol</span></i>.”—Coto, <i>Vocabulario</i>, MS., s. v. Monte. <i>Zak</i>, +white; <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ox</span></i>, to make fire. Brasseur’s translation, “Le blanc abime de +feu,” is indefensible.</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_42-3_55" id="Footnote_42-3_55"></a><a href="#FNanchor_42-3_55"><span class="label">42-3</span></a> See a paper entitled “The Folk Lore of Yucatan,” +contributed by me to the <i>Folk-Lore Journal</i>, Vol. I, 1883.</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_43-1_56" id="Footnote_43-1_56"></a><a href="#FNanchor_43-1_56"><span class="label">43-1</span></a> For an interesting note on the <i>zaztun</i>, see Apolinar +Garcia y Garcia, <i>Historia de la Guerra de Castas en Yucatan</i>, p. XXIV +(folio, Merida, 1865).</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_43-2_57" id="Footnote_43-2_57"></a><a href="#FNanchor_43-2_57"><span class="label">43-2</span></a> For the derivation of Xibalbay, and for the myths +referred to in the text, see my article, before referred to, <i>The Names +of the Gods in the Kiche Myths</i>, pp. 27, 28.</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_44-1_58" id="Footnote_44-1_58"></a><a href="#FNanchor_44-1_58"><span class="label">44-1</span></a> <i>The Maya Chronicles</i>, pp. 110, 111. Vol. I of the +<i>Library of Aboriginal American Literature</i>.</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_45-1_59" id="Footnote_45-1_59"></a><a href="#FNanchor_45-1_59"><span class="label">45-1</span></a> Brasseur, Juarros, Fuentes y Guzman, etc.</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_45-2_60" id="Footnote_45-2_60"></a><a href="#FNanchor_45-2_60"><span class="label">45-2</span></a> Thomas Coto, <i>Vocabulario de la Lengua Cakchiquel</i>, MS., +1651. Sub voce, <i>Sacrificar hombres</i>, quoting Varea.</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_45-3_61" id="Footnote_45-3_61"></a><a href="#FNanchor_45-3_61"><span class="label">45-3</span></a> “Sacandole el corazon y asperjando, con la sangre de la +victima á los cuatro vientos cardinales.”—<i>Apuntamientos de la Historia +de Guatemala</i>, p. 26.</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_46-1_62" id="Footnote_46-1_62"></a><a href="#FNanchor_46-1_62"><span class="label">46-1</span></a> <i>The Names of the Gods in the Kiche Myths</i>, pp. 21, 22.</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_47-1_63" id="Footnote_47-1_63"></a><a href="#FNanchor_47-1_63"><span class="label">47-1</span></a> “<i>Labah</i>, agorar y guerrear, porque agoraban si la +hacian ô no.”—Ximenez, <i>Vocabulario de las Tres Lenguas</i>, sub voce.</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_47-2_64" id="Footnote_47-2_64"></a><a href="#FNanchor_47-2_64"><span class="label">47-2</span></a> These particulars are from the work of Jose Sanchez y +Leon, <i>Apuntamientos de la Historia de Guatemala</i>, pp. 26, 27.</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_48-1_65" id="Footnote_48-1_65"></a><a href="#FNanchor_48-1_65"><span class="label">48-1</span></a> <i>Recordacion Florida</i>, Lib. IX, Cap. VII.</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_48-2_66" id="Footnote_48-2_66"></a><a href="#FNanchor_48-2_66"><span class="label">48-2</span></a> <i>Vocabulario de la Lengua Cakchiquel</i>, MS. (1651).</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_48-3_67" id="Footnote_48-3_67"></a><a href="#FNanchor_48-3_67"><span class="label">48-3</span></a> <i>Apuntamientos de la Historia de Guatemala</i>, p. 27.</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_49-1_68" id="Footnote_49-1_68"></a><a href="#FNanchor_49-1_68"><span class="label">49-1</span></a> Fr. Estevan Torresano, <i>Arte de la Lengua Cakchiquel</i>, +MS., in my possession.</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_51-1_69" id="Footnote_51-1_69"></a><a href="#FNanchor_51-1_69"><span class="label">51-1</span></a> <i>Supplementary Remarks to the Grammar of the Cakchiquel +Language, edited by D. G. Brinton.—Proceedings of the American +Philosophical Society</i>, 1885.</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_52-1_70" id="Footnote_52-1_70"></a><a href="#FNanchor_52-1_70"><span class="label">52-1</span></a> See <i>The Maya Chronicles</i>, p. 67, and note.</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_53-1_71" id="Footnote_53-1_71"></a><a href="#FNanchor_53-1_71"><span class="label">53-1</span></a> “Die bewundernswürdige Feinheit und consequente Logik in +der Ausbildung des Maya Zeitwortes setzt eine Kultur voraus, die +sicherlich weit ueber die Zeiträume hinaus zurückreicht, welche man bis +jetzt geneight war, der Amerikanischen Civilization +zuzuschreiben.”—Otto Stoll, <i>Zur Ethnographie der Republik Guatemala</i>, +s. 148 (Zurich, 1884). Compare the remarks of Wilhelm von Humboldt on +the Maya conjugation, in his essay on the American verb, as published in +my <i>Philosophic Grammar of the American Languages, as set forth by +Wilhelm von Humboldt</i>, pp. 35-39 (Philada., 1885).</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_54-1_72" id="Footnote_54-1_72"></a><a href="#FNanchor_54-1_72"><span class="label">54-1</span></a> Gavarrete’s words are, “Pasó por manos de muchos +personas versadas en los idiomas indigenos sin que pudiese obtenerse una +traduccion integra y exacta de su testo, habiendo sido bastante, sin +embargo, lo que de su sentido pudo percibirse, para venir en +conocimiento de su grande importancia historica.”—<i>Boletin de la +Sociedad Economica</i>.</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_54-2_73" id="Footnote_54-2_73"></a><a href="#FNanchor_54-2_73"><span class="label">54-2</span></a> The Abbé says that Gavarrete gave him the original +(<i>Bibliothêque Mexico-Guatemalienne</i>, p. 14). But that gentleman does +not take to himself credit for such liberality. He writes “El testo +original quedó sin embargo en su poder,” etc. Ubi suprá.</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_57-1_74" id="Footnote_57-1_74"></a><a href="#FNanchor_57-1_74"><span class="label">57-1</span></a> As the slight aspirate, the Spanish <i>h</i>, does not exist +in the Cakchiquel alphabet, nor yet the letter <a name="corr12" id="corr12"></a><ins class="correction" title="d, the"><i>d</i>,the</ins> baptismal +name “Hernandez,” takes the form “Ernantez.”</p> + +<p><a name="Footnote_57-2_75" id="Footnote_57-2_75"></a><a href="#FNanchor_57-2_75"><span class="label">57-2</span></a> “Se casan muy niños,” says Sanchez y Leon, speaking of +the natives.—<i>Apuntamientos de la Historia de Guatemala</i>, p. 24.</p> +</div> + +<p><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_64" id="Page_64">[64]</a></span></p> +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> + +<p><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_65" id="Page_65">[65]</a></span></p> +<p class="titlepage" style="font-size: 150%; margin-top: 3em;"><a name="THE_ANNALS" id="THE_ANNALS"></a>THE ANNALS</p> + +<p class="titlepage" style="font-size: 80%; margin-top: 3em;">OF</p> + +<p class="titlepage" style="font-size: 200%; margin-top: 1em;">THE CAKCHIQUELS.</p> + +<p class="titlepage" style="font-size: 80%; margin-top: 3em;">BY</p> + +<p class="titlepage" style="margin-top: 3em;">A MEMBER OF THE XAHILA FAMILY.</p> + + + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> + + +<table width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" summary="text and translation"> +<tr> + <td class="tdc" style="width: 50%"><span class='pagenuml'><a name="Page_66" id="Page_66">[66]</a></span><img src="images/image02.png" alt="Cross" title="Cross" /></td> + <td class="tdc" style="width: 50%"><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_67" id="Page_67">[67]</a></span><img src="images/image02.png" alt="Cross" title="Cross" /></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><span class="center" style="text-indent: 0em;"><a name="text1" id="text1"></a><a href="#note1">1.</a> VAE <span class="nowrap">XTINU<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />IBAH</span> HALAL QUITZIH HE NABEY</span><br /> +Ka tata ka mama, heri xeboço vinak oher mahaniok ti <span class="nowrap">la<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />abex</span> vae huyu +<span class="nowrap">ta<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ah;</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ruyon ok umul <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />iquin</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oh,</span> que cha, ha ok ki +<span class="nowrap">xquila<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />abeh</span> huyu <span class="nowrap">ta<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ah</span> he <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ka tata ka mama, yx <span class="nowrap">nu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol,</span> pa +Tulan.</td> + <td class="parallelr"><a href="#note1">1.</a> Here I am going to write a few of the sayings of our earliest +fathers and ancestors, those who begot men of old, before the hills +and plains here were inhabited; then only rabbits and birds were +here, they say, when they took possession of the hills and plains, +they, our fathers and ancestors from Tulan, oh my children.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text2" id="text2"></a><a href="#note2">2.</a> <span class="nowrap">Xtinu<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ibah</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> quitzih ri ki he nabey ka tata ka mama +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />avitz</span> rubi, Çactecauh ru bi hunchic, he <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oh</span> quitzih que cha +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />haka</span> palouh xoh pevi, pa Tulan ru bi huyu, xoh alax xoh +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />aholax</span> vi pe ruma ka tee, ka tata, <span class="nowrap">yxka<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol,</span> quecha ri oher tata +mama, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />avitz,</span> Çactecauh qui bi, ri ki xepe pa Tulan he cay chi +achij heri xoh boço, oh Xahila.</td> + <td class="parallelr"><a href="#note2">2.</a> And I shall write the sayings of our earliest fathers and +ancestors, Gagavitz the name of one, Zactecauh the name of the +other; and these are the sayings they spake as we came from the +other side of the sea, from the land of Tulan, where we were +brought forth and begotten by our mothers and our fathers, oh my +children, as said of old the fathers, the ancestors, Gagavitz and +Zactecauh by name, the two heroes who came from Tulan and begot us, +the Xahila.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text3" id="text3"></a>3. <span class="nowrap">Va<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> quibi ru hay ru chinamitee <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />eka<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />uch,</span> <span class="nowrap">Ba<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahola,</span> +Cibakihay. 1. <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />atun</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hutiah</span> qui bi xeboço <span class="nowrap">Ba<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahola.</span> 1. Tzanat +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />u<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />uchom</span> quibi xeboço <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />eka<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />uchij;</span> Daqui ahauh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hahom</span> ahauh +xeboço Cibakihayi, xaoh cahi chi chinamit ok xohpe pa Tulan, ri oh +Cakchiquel vinak, <span class="nowrap">yxka<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol,</span> <span class="nowrap">quecha.​—​<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />amar</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> vave ri +Caveki Totomay Xurcah qui bi xeboço.​—​Xavi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />amar</span> vave ri +Ahquehayi, Loch, Xet, quibi, xeboço;​—​xavi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />am</span> ri ahPak, Telom, +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oxahil,</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />obakil</span> quibi xeboço; quere navipe ri <span class="nowrap">Ikoma<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />i,</span> xavi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> +<span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />amar;</span> <span class="nowrap">he<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> cah <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hob</span> ri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap">xe<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />amar</span> vave he <span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />.</span></td> + <td class="parallelr">3. These are the names of the houses and clans of Gekaquch, +Bagahola and Cibakihay. 1. Qatun and Qhutiah by name, begat +Bagahola. 2. Tzanat and Guguchom by name, begat those of Gekaquch. +3. The chief Daqui and the chief Ghahom begat those of Cibakihay. +Thus we were four clans when we came from Tulan, we, the Cakchiquel +people, as we are told, oh my children. Those of Cavek, Totomay and +Xurcah by name, also married and begat; also those of Quehay, Loch +and Xet by name, married and begat; those of Pak, Telom, Qoxahil +and Qobakil by name, also married and begat; and also those of +Ykomag married; and these four divisions which thus married are the +tribes so-called.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><span class='pagenuml'><a name="Page_68" id="Page_68">[68]</a></span><a name="text4" id="text4"></a><a href="#note4">4.</a> He <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oh</span> quitzih ri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />avitz,</span> Çactecauh xe re <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />aki</span> ru xe +quitzih vae quecha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ari</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />avitz</span> Çactecauh: Cahi xpe vi vinak pa +Tulan; chi relebal <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ih,</span> hun Tullan: hun chi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chi Xibalbay, hun +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chu kahibal <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ih</span> chi ri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xoh pevi chukahibal <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ih,</span> hun chi vi +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />abovil.</span> <span class="nowrap">Quere<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> cahi vi Tullan ri <span class="nowrap">yxka<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol,</span> quecha; chu +kahibal <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ih</span> xoh pa vi Tullan, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ha<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> palouh; <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />o</span> viri +Tullan <span class="nowrap">chiri<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xohalax vi ul xoh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />aholax</span> vipe ruma ruma ka tee ka +tata quecha.</td> + <td class="parallelr"><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_69" id="Page_69">[69]</a></span><a href="#note4">4.</a> These are the sayings of Gagavitz and Zactecauh, and these are +the very words which Gagavitz and Zactecauh spoke: “Four men came +from Tulan; at the sunrise is one Tullan, and one is at Xibalbay, +and one is at the sunset; and we came from this one at the sunset; +and one is where is God. Therefore there are four Tulans, they say, +oh our sons; from the sunsetting we came, from Tullan, from beyond +the sea; and it was at Tullan that arriving we were brought forth, +coming we were produced, by our mothers and our fathers, as they +say.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text5" id="text5"></a><a href="#note5">5.</a> Tan <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> talax ri chay abah, ruma raxa Xibalbay <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ana</span> Xibalbay, +<span class="nowrap">tan<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ati</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ak</span> vinak ruma <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />akol</span> bitol; tzukul richin ri chay abah +ok <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ak</span> ri vinak pan pokon <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xutzin vinak, xtiho chee, xtiho <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> +xaki ruyon uleuh xrah oc; mani <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hao,</span> mani xbiyin, mani <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ru +quiquel ru tiohil xux, quecha e nabey ka tata ka mama, <span class="nowrap">yxnu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol;</span> mani +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xcanay rixoc, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />arunah</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xcanay rixoc: xae chay chi chicop +etamayon <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />o</span> vi ri echa pam Paxil ru bi huyu <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ovi</span> hari chicop Utiuh, +Koch qui bi. <span class="nowrap">Xa<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> pa rachak xcanay vi, tok xcamiçax <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ri chicop +utiuh <span class="nowrap">xpo<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hel</span> chupam ri yxim tan <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> tibe canox <span class="nowrap">yo<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />bal</span> richin ruma +chicop tiuh tiuh rubi, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chupam palouh xpe vi ruma tiuh tiuh ru +quiquel tixli cumatz xoc <span class="nowrap">xyo<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />bex</span> richin ri yxim: <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />akbex</span> richin ru +tiohil vinak ruma <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />akol</span> bitol <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ha ki etamayom ri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />akol</span> bitol +alom <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />aholom</span> he xe <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ako</span> vinak <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ak</span> que cha xutzin <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> vinak +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ak,</span> oxlahuh achij, cahlahuh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ixok xux; <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ohe</span> ruvi, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ate</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> +ok <span class="nowrap">xe<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hao</span> xebiyin, <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ohe</span> qui quiquel qui tiohil. <span class="nowrap">Xe<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ulu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />u</span> xin +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> he <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> cay ri xhayil hun xux. <span class="nowrap">Quere<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap">xla<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />o</span> vi vinak ri quecha +oher vinak, <span class="nowrap">yxka<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol;</span> xemealan <span class="nowrap">xe<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />aholan</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ri he nabey vinak. +<span class="nowrap">Quere<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ru banic vinak rij, quere navipe rubanic chay abah ri<span class='pagenuml'><a name="Page_70" id="Page_70">[70]</a></span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />apal</span> +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ruchi ri Tullan, xoh pe vi xahun chi <span class="nowrap">ço<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" /></span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />apibal</span> ru chij ri +Tullan xoh alax vi ul xoh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />aholax</span> vipe, xya vipe ri kikan chi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ekum</span> +chi <span class="nowrap">a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a,</span> yx <span class="nowrap">ka<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol;</span> xecha can ri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />avitz,</span> Çactecauh, +<span class="nowrap">yxnu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol,</span> <span class="nowrap">xa<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> mani xquimeztah ru tzihoxic. He <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />iyaley</span> chi e ka +mama; <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oh</span> quitzih oher takchibal <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> quichin vae.</td> + <td class="parallelr"><a href="#note5">5.</a> “And now is brought forth the Obsidian Stone by the precious +Xibalbay, the glorious Xibalbay, and man is made by the Maker, the +Creator; the Obsidian Stone was his sustainer, when man was made in +misery, and when man was formed; he was fed with wood, he was fed +with leaves; he wished only the earth; he could not speak, he could +not walk; he had no blood, he had no flesh; so say our fathers, our +ancestors, oh you my sons. Nothing was found to feed him; at length +something was found to feed him. Two brutes knew that there was +food in the place called Paxil, where these brutes were, the Coyote +and the Crow by name. Even in the refuse of maize it was found, +when the brute Coyote was killed as he was separating his maize, +and was searching for bread to knead, (killed) by the brute Tiuh +Tiuh by name; and the blood of the serpent and the tapir was +brought from within the sea by means of Tiuh Tiuh, with which the +maize was to be kneaded; the flesh of man was formed of it by the +Maker, the Creator; and well did they, the Maker and the Creator, +know him who was born, him who was begotten; they made man as he +was made, they formed man as they made him, so they tell. There +were thirteen men, fourteen women; they talked, they walked, they +had blood, they had flesh. They married, and one had two wives. +Therefore the race copulated, this race of old, as they tell, oh +our sons. They brought forth daughters, they brought forth sons, +those first men. Thus men were made, and thus the Obsidian Stone +was made, for the enclosure of Tullan; thus we<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_71" id="Page_71">[71]</a></span> came to where the +Zotzils were at the gates of Tullan; arriving we were born, coming +we were produced, coming we gave the tribute, in the darkness, in +the night, oh our sons.” Thus spoke Gagavitz and Zactecauh, oh my +sons, and what they said has not been forgotten. They are our great +ancestors; these are the words with which they encouraged us of +old.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text6" id="text6"></a><a href="#note6">6.</a> Tok xoh pixabax <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> pe ruma ka tee ka tata oxlahu <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hob</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> +<span class="nowrap">vukama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> oxlahu <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hob</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ahlabal ok xohpe pa Tullan chi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ekum</span> chi +<span class="nowrap">a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a</span> ok xya pe ri kikan, tok <span class="nowrap">xu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />am</span> rikan vuk <span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> ahlabal, xoh +chole na chu xocou <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> Tullan <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ohe</span> viri vuk <span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />:</span> <span class="nowrap">chiriki<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> +Tullan <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ohe</span> viri xcholevi ahlabal. Nabey na <span class="nowrap">xu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />am</span> rikan vuk <span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span> +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ate</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap">xu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />am</span> chic rikan ahlabal. <span class="nowrap">Xa<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ruyon xit puak +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />u<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />uraxon</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ubul</span> chactit <span class="nowrap">ru<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />in</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ibanic</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />otonic,</span> qui +yanic xul, bix, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hol</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ih,</span> may <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ih,</span> pek cacouh, xa ruyon <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />inomal</span> +xrikah pe pa Tullan <span class="nowrap">a<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ri ahlabal xa ruyon <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ha</span> pocob xa çeteçic +chee xa <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />iom</span> ah rikan ok xpe pa Tulla.</td> + <td class="parallelr"><a href="#note6">6.</a> Then we were ordered to come by our mothers and fathers, we the +thirteen divisions and the seven tribes, the thirteen divisions of +warriors; and we came to Tulan in the darkness and the night, and +coming gave our tribute; they took tribute from the warriors of the +seven tribes; they were drawn up in order on the left of Tulan +where were the people of the seven tribes; on the right-hand of +Tulan were arranged the warriors. First the tribute was taken from +the seven tribes, next the tribute was taken from the warriors. But +it was only jade and silver, and green feathers worked and sewed +together, together with articles painted and articles sculptured, +and for gifts, flutes, songs, astrological calendars and reckoning +calendars, fine and common cacao; only such riches were paid in +Tulan, and the only riches the warriors bore from Tulan were their +bows, their bucklers and their rounded shields.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text7" id="text7"></a><a href="#note7">7.</a> Tok xpixa <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ka tee ka tata xcha: <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ohix <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a,</span> <span class="nowrap">yxnu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol,</span> +yxnumeal, ree yvikan ree <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> y tzukuh <span class="nowrap">y<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ohee;</span> xucheex <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ari</span> chay +abah: ohix <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ti vi la y huyubal y <span class="nowrap">ta<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ahal</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chila <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />haka</span> +palouh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oh</span> vi y huyubal y <span class="nowrap">ta<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ahal,</span> <span class="nowrap">yxnu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol,</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chila <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> tiça +vi ruvach. Ree yvikan mixuyael, y <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />inomal</span> y vahauarem, xeucheex <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> +ri oxlahu <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hob</span> <span class="nowrap">vukama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span> oxlahu <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hob</span> ahlabal, ok xyape ri <span class="nowrap">mi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hbal</span> +quichin ri chee abah, xqui kahpe pa Tullan Xibalbay <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xyaope ri chee +abah, chikichin que cha ri he nabey ka tata ka mama, ri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />avitz</span> +Çactecauh: he ki xe ykan pe, he navipe ki <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />o</span> quitzih.</td> + <td class="parallelr"><a href="#note7">7.</a> Then to our mothers and fathers it was commanded and said: “You, +my sons, you, my daughters, these are your burdens which you shall +sustain and maintain.” So spoke the Obsidian Stone. “There are your +hills and plains; there, beyond the ocean, are your hills and +plains, oh you my sons, there it is that you shall lift up your +faces. These are the burdens which I shall give you, your riches, +your majesty;” thus it was said to the thirteen divisions, the +seven tribes, to the thirteen divisions of warriors, and then was +given them the wood and stone which deceive; as they descended from +Tulan and Xibalbay, were given to them the wood and stone (idols), +as related those our first fathers and ancestors Gagavitz and +Zactecauh. These, in truth, were their burdens, and these were +their very words.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><span class='pagenuml'><a name="Page_72" id="Page_72">[72]</a></span><a name="text8" id="text8"></a><a href="#note8">8.</a> Vuk <span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> nabey xpeul pa Tullan, que cha, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xambey xohpe oh +ahlabal ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />amom</span> chi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> rikan ronohel vuk <span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> ahlabal tok xhak +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ru chi Tullan.</td> + <td class="parallelr"><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_73" id="Page_73">[73]</a></span><a href="#note8">8.</a> They say that the seven tribes arrived first at Tulan, and we +the warriors followed, having taken up the tributes of all the +seven tribes when the gate of Tulan was opened.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text9" id="text9"></a><a href="#note9">9.</a> Ha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />utuhile</span> ri nabey vuk <span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> ok xpe pa Tulan <span class="nowrap">xe<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />iz</span> nape +ri vuk <span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ate<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ok xoh pe oh ahlabal, que cha.​—​Xcha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> pe ri +ka tee ka tata, ok xoh pixabax pe: ohix <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a,</span> yx numeal, yx <span class="nowrap">nu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol,</span> +xtinyael y <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />inomal</span> yvahauarem, xtinyael y <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />al,</span> y tepeval, yxmuh, +<span class="nowrap">yx<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />alibal;</span> harumari xti vikah ree, çeteçic chee, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />iomah</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />haa,</span> +pocob, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />u<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />um,</span> çahcab. Vueta <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> mixivikah xit, puak, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />u<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> raxom, +vueta <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xtivikah <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ibanic,</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />otonic,</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hol</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ih,</span> may <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ih,</span> xul, +bix, bix <span class="nowrap">ye<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />etah</span> rumal, <span class="nowrap">xavi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> yvichin ree mixrikah vuk <span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> chila +ti <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />am</span> vi; yx quixi chi nan, yx quix çao ruvach; mani cahauarem mix +nuyael, <span class="nowrap">ha<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ari</span> xtivikah; kitzih nim <span class="nowrap">ru<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ih;</span> mani quix <span class="nowrap">ye<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />etah</span> vi; +<span class="nowrap">ha<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> quix nimar vi, ree çeteçic chee <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />iomah,</span> mani quix var, quix +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hacatah</span> vi, yx numeal, yx <span class="nowrap">nu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol,</span> xtinyael yvahauarem, yx oxlahuh +chi ahpopo tihunamah; <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap">y<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ha,</span> ypocob, yvahauarem, y <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />al,</span> +ytepeval, y muh, y <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />alibal,</span> ree <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> y nabey ale; xucheex ri Qeche +vinak ok xpeul oxlahu <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hob</span> chi ahlabal pa Tullan. Ha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> nabey xpe +Qeche vinak; <span class="nowrap">xa<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />holloh</span> tacaxepeval rikan <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />eche</span> vinak: ok xpeul +rachbilam hetak <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ru hay ru chinamit ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />arama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> ri hutak <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hob</span> +chi ahlabal tok xpeul pa Tullan ok <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />iz</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> pe ronohel.</td> + <td class="parallelr"><a href="#note9">9.</a> The Tzutuhils were the first of the seven tribes who finished +coming to Tulan, and then we the warriors came, as they say. Then +it was said to our fathers and mothers, then we were commanded: +“Oh, you, you my daughters, you my sons, I shall give you your +riches, your majesty, I shall give you your distinction, your +sovereignty, your canopy, your royal throne; because you have +carried the rounded shield as your riches, the bow, the buckler, +the feathers, the war paint. If you have paid as tribute jade, +silver, feather stuffs, if you have paid articles painted, articles +sculptured, astrological calendars, reckoning calendars, flute +songs, songs hated of you because the seven tribes paid this +tribute, yet you shall in turn take it, you shall receive more than +others, you shall lift up your face. I shall not give you their +sovereignty, of which you have borne the burden; truly their +fortune is great; do not hate them; also do you be great, with +wealth of rounded shields. Sleep not, sit not, my daughters, my +sons, I will give you the power, to you the seven rulers, in equal +shares, and your bows, your bucklers, your majesty, your power, +your sovereignty, your canopy, your royal seat; these are your +first treasures.” Thus it was spoken to the Quiche men, when the +thirteen divisions of warriors arrived at Tulan. And first came the +Quiche men; they acquitted themselves of their tribute in the first +month; then arrived their companions one after another, by their +families, their clans, their tribes, their divisions, in sequence, +and the warriors, until the whole of them had finished arriving in +Tulan.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text10" id="text10"></a>10. Xpe Rabinale, xpe <span class="nowrap">Ço<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />il</span> vinak​—​xpe Tukuchee​—​xpe +Tuhalahay​—​Vuchabahay​—​<span class="nowrap">Ah<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />humilahay</span>​—​xpe chic <span class="nowrap">Lama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />i</span>​—​Cumatz​—​xpe +chic Akahal vinak.​—​Ah<span class='pagenuml'><a name="Page_74" id="Page_74">[74]</a></span> Tucuru xquiz, yape ronohel ri. Tok xpe chi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ari</span> +oxlahuh chi ahlabal ri oh Bacah Pokoh, Bacah Xahil: hun xnabeyah, +<span class="nowrap">hun<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> x xambeyah chikichin ri oh ru nabey Bacah, Bacah Pok <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> nabey +xpe, oh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xambey xoh pe ri oh Bacah Xahil, que cha ri e ka tata, ka +mama, <span class="nowrap">yxka<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol.</span> Xmier ok <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ti pe vuk <span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> xmier ok <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ti +tiquer rupetic ahlabal.​—​Tok xohpe <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> oh Cakchequel vinak, kitzih vi +chi xambey chic xoh peul pa Tullan, mani hunchic <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />o</span> can ok xoh pe, que +cha ri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />avitz,</span> Çactecauh, xoh pixabax chi pe: He ree ahay a +chinamit he, que ucheex <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ari</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />eka<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />uch,</span> <span class="nowrap">Ba<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol,</span> Cibakihay. Ree +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> yvahpop he, hun ahpop, hun <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap">ahpo<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />amahay,</span> chiquichin ree +xeucheex <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />eka<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />uch,</span> <span class="nowrap">Ba<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol,</span> Cibakihay. Yx <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> quixalan, +<span class="nowrap">quix<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />aholan,</span> quichin <span class="nowrap">yxquix<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ulu,</span> yvahpop, xeucheex. <span class="nowrap">Quere<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> he +tee, he nam vi ri. <span class="nowrap">Ha<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> nabey, <span class="nowrap">ha<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> nabey xpe ri Cibakihay ok xpe +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ari</span> <span class="nowrap">Ba<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol,</span> xpe chi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />eka<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />uch</span> nabey xepe chinamit.</td> + <td class="parallelr">10. Those of Rabinal came, the Zotzil men came, the Tukuchee came, +the Tuhalahay, the Vuchabahay, the Ahqhumilahay, the Lamagi came, +the Cumatz, the men<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_75" id="Page_75">[75]</a></span> of Akahal came, the Tucuru ended it; and thus +all are given. After that came thirteen warriors, we the Bacah +Pokoh, and the Bacah Xahil; one of us went first, and one followed +after; the first Bacah was Bacah Pok, who went first, and we +followed after, we the Bacah Xahil, as was said by our first +fathers, our ancestors, oh you our sons. Already the seven villages +had come, and some time after began the coming of the +warriors.—Then we came, we the Cakchiquel men. Truly, we were the +last, as we arrived at Tulan, and there was not another remaining +when we came, as said Gagavitz and Zactecauh; we were ordered to +come thus: “These are your houses, these your clans;” they said to +Gekaquch, Baqahol, and Cibakihay: “These are your head chiefs, even +one head chief, and one official messenger;” thus they said to +Gekaquch, Baqahol, and Cibakihay. “Bring forth daughters, bring +forth sons, marry one another, ye rulers,” said they. Therefore +those were mothers and ancestors. But the first, the first came the +Cibakihay, then came the Baqahol, and then came the Gekaquch, the +first clans.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text11" id="text11"></a>11. <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ate<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ok xoh pe oh ahpop tok xoh pixabax <span class="nowrap">chi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> pe ruma katee +ka tata: ohix <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a,</span> yxnumeal, <span class="nowrap">yxnu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol,</span> mixebe a hay a chinamit. +Maqui xaquere xcat xambeyah, <span class="nowrap">at<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hipil</span> al; kitzih nim a <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ih</span> tux re +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> a tzuku hee xucheex pe ri chee abah Belehe Toh ru bi; ri abah +Huntihax chi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ru bi hunchic, huhunti vikah xoh ucheex pe, quecha.</td> + <td class="parallelr">11. Thus, therefore, came we, the rulers, and then we were ordered +by our mothers and fathers: “Go, my daughters, go, my sons, your +houses, your clans, have departed. Not thus shalt thou always +follow, thou, the youngest son; truly, great shall be thy fortune, +and thou shalt be maintained, as is said by the idols called, the +one, Belehe Toh, the other Hun Tihax, to whom we say each pays +tribute,” as is related.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text12" id="text12"></a>12. Re <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ti voqueçah e <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ha,</span> pocob, achcayupil, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />u<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />um,</span> çahcab +rach yaic <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />aperi</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />avonon,</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />açital,</span> <span class="nowrap">xo<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ol,</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ekal,</span> hab, <span class="nowrap">çu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />,</span> +moyeuh, ok xoh pixabax pe ree: kitzih nim xtivikah; mani quix var vi, +quix <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hacatah</span> vi, mani quix <span class="nowrap">ye<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />etah</span> vi, <span class="nowrap">yxnu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol,</span> ha quix +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ar</span> quix tepevar vi, hati <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ohe</span> vi y vux la ree çeteçic chee +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />iomah,</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ha,</span><span class='pagenuml'><a name="Page_76" id="Page_76">[76]</a></span> pocob. Vuetah mixi vikah ree xit, puak, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />u<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />uraxom,</span> +bix <span class="nowrap">ye<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />etah,</span> ruma xavi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> y vichin tux, yxquix i chi nan, quix çao +ru vach: ri xit, puak, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />u<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />uraxom,</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ibanic,</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />otonic,</span> ronohel ri +mix rikah vuk <span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chila <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xtiçavi ru vach chi huyubal, ti +vulaah ronohel, ti ça <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ru vach ri y <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ha,</span> y pocob, hun nabeyal +<span class="nowrap">hun<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hipilal</span> chivichin, yx oxlahuh chi ahlabal, <span class="nowrap">yx<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> oxlahuh chi +ahaua, chi yx ahpop ti hunamah y <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ha</span> y pocob mixnuyael. Cani ca tibe y +ça ru vach ree y vikan y <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ha</span> y pocob; <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ohun</span> labal chila chi relebal +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ih,</span> Çuyva rubi; chi ri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> tibe y tihavi y <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ha</span> y pocob ree +mixnuyael, vhix <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a,</span> <span class="nowrap">yxnu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol;</span> xohucheex <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ape</span> okxoh pe pa Tullan, +xmier ok <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> tipe vuk <span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> ahlabal; ok xohpe ul pa Tullan, kitzih +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ti xibin ok xoh pe kachpetic <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />avonon</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />açital,</span> <span class="nowrap">çu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />,</span> +moyeuh, <span class="nowrap">xo<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ol,</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ekal,</span> hab; ok xohpe ul pa Tullan.</td> + <td class="parallelr">12. Then they put on their bows, their shields, their lances, their +feathers, and their paint, given (as a defence) against the bugs, +the dirt, the boding owls, the blackness, the rain, the fogs, the +clouds; then we were commanded: “Great shall be your burden; sleep +not, sit not, be not cast down, you, my sons; you shall be rich, +you shall be powerful; let your rounded shields be your riches, +your bows, your bucklers. If you have given as tribute jade, +silver, feather work, hated songs, on that account they<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_77" id="Page_77">[77]</a></span> shall be +given you; you shall receive more than others; you shall lift up +your face; for jade, silver, painted articles, engraved articles, +all the seven nations have paid as tribute; but there, in those +hills you shall lift up your faces, there is a refuge for all of +you, there you shall lift up your faces, your bows, your bucklers. +One shall be your first chief, and one his junior, of you the +thirteen warriors, you the thirteen princes, you the thirteen equal +chiefs, to whom I shall give the bows and bucklers. Soon you shall +lift up your face and have your burden, your bows and bucklers; +there is war there toward the east, at the place called Zuyva; +there you shall go, there is the place for your bucklers which I +shall give you, you indeed, you my sons.” So it was spoken to us +when we came to Tullan, before the warriors of the seven villages; +and when we arrived at Tullan, truly our coming was terrifying, +with our accompaniments against the bugs, the dirt, the clouds, the +fogs, the mud, the darkness, the rain, when we entered Tulan.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text13" id="text13"></a><a href="#note13">13.</a> <span class="nowrap">Cani<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chiri xtiquer vipe ri labalinic; <span class="nowrap">xo<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> pe hun chicop +chahalcivan ru bi chu chi Tullan, ok xohelpe pa Tullan; quix cam, quix +çach, yn ylab, xcha ri chicop chi kichin; mani <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xkoqueçah? Xax +<span class="nowrap">avo<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ebal</span> vi ri tux, xoh cha can chire ri chicop, quecha.</td> + <td class="parallelr"><a href="#note13">13.</a> And soon the divination began with them. A bird called “the +guard of the ravine,” began to complain within the gate of Tulan, +as we were going forth from Tulan. “You shall die, you shall be +lost, I am your portent,” said this brute to us. “Do you not +believe me? Truly your state shall be a sad one.” Thus spake to us +this brute, as is related.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text14" id="text14"></a><a href="#note14">14.</a> Ok <span class="nowrap">xo<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> chi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> hun chicop Tucur ru bi chacal pe chuvi caka chee, +<span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hao</span> pe chi ri: Yn ylab; xcha: Mani at kalab, <span class="nowrap">xa<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oh</span> tavaho, xucheex +can tucur. Xavi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> e <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oh</span> qui çamahel ri xeyaope ri chee abah +chikichin, quecha ka tata, ka mama oher. Ok <span class="nowrap">xo<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> chi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> pe hun chicop +chicah <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />anixt</span> ru bi, xavi cha chic: Yn ylab, quixcam; xoh cha chire ri +chicop, mani tabijh xaat retal <span class="nowrap">ça<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ih</span> tux. Nabey cat <span class="nowrap">o<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> oktel +<span class="nowrap">ça<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ih,</span> haok titan a hab, <span class="nowrap">cato<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />;</span> xoh cha can chire.</td> + <td class="parallelr"><a href="#note14">14.</a> Then another bird called “the owl,” seated on a red tree, +complained and said thus: “I am your portent,” he said. “You are +not our portent, although you would like to be,” we answered this +owl. Such were the messengers who gave them their idols, said our +fathers, our ancestors of old. Then another bird called the +parroquet complained in the sky, and said: “I am your portent; ye +shall die.” But we said to the brute, “Do not speak thus; you are +but the sign of spring. You wail first when it is spring; when the +rain ceases, you wail.” Thus we spoke to him.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><span class='pagenuml'><a name="Page_78" id="Page_78">[78]</a></span><a name="text15" id="text15"></a>15. Ok xoh ul <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chu chi palouh. <span class="nowrap">Xa<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap">e<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oh</span> chi ri <span class="nowrap">xa<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> e mulan +conohel <span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> ahlabal chi palouh; ok xekil xatak <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />içinak</span> <span class="nowrap">qui<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ux.</span> +Mani tan ti qui <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ovibeh</span> pe, mani tucheex <span class="nowrap">y<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ovem</span> pe chuvi palouh, +xecha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ri conohel ahlabal vuk <span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> chikichin; chinak koh u cheen, +chinak <span class="nowrap">tiki<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ovibeh,</span> at <span class="nowrap">kacha<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span> xa at chic at koyobem, xecha conohel. +Xoh cha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chique: Yx quixbe, chijl, yx kanabeyal; chinak tik +<span class="nowrap">i<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ovibeh,</span> oh an vae, konohel xoh cha, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ate<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xe cha chic conohel: +ta hoyevah kavach, <span class="nowrap">atkacha<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span> xa vipe <span class="nowrap">kote<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />e</span> vave chu chiya palouh, +mahatikil ka huyubal ka <span class="nowrap">ta<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ahal.</span> Xape cani xkovar, xko <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hacatah</span> oh +cay chial, oh ru vi oh ru holom oh runabey ahlabal vuk <span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span> at nu +<span class="nowrap">cha<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span> vueta xko <span class="nowrap">y<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />o</span> cani <span class="nowrap">tika<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />et</span> ru vach kikan mix yape rumal ka +tee ka tata, at <span class="nowrap">nucha<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />.</span> Xcha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ari.</span> Xeboço <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />echevinak,</span> chikichin +quecha ri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />a</span> mama <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />avitz,</span> Çactecauh; xoh cha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chique: +katiha na, yx ka nimal; maxa vi pe <span class="nowrap">xko<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ohe</span> <span class="nowrap">xkote<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />e</span> vave chuchij +palouh, maqui pe mahatikil ka huyubal <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oh</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> tucheex <span class="nowrap">xti<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />et,</span> +yxahlabal, yx vuk <span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span> <span class="nowrap">xkahi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />o</span> vacami, xoh cha. Cani <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xe quicot +conohel.</td> + <td class="parallelr"><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_79" id="Page_79">[79]</a></span>15. Then we arrived at the sea coast. There were gathered together +the warriors of all the seven villages at the sea. A great number +perished, devoured by sorrow. “There is no means of passing, nor is +it told of any one who has passed the sea,” said all the warriors +of the seven villages. “Who can, who will find means to pass the +sea? In thee alone, my brother, in thee alone have we hope,” said +they all. We said to them, “You may go on; you may be first. Who +will find the means of crossing, while we are here?” All of us +spoke thus, and then all of them said: “Have pity on us, our +brother, since we are all stretched on the shore of the ocean +without seeing our hills and plains. As soon as we were asleep, we +were conquered, we the two oldest sons, we the chiefs and guides of +the warriors of the seven villages, oh my brother. Would that we +had passed, and could see the burdens given us by our mothers and +fathers, oh my brother!” So they spoke. At that time the Quiche +nation had increased. Our ancestors, Gagavitz and Zactecauh, said: +“We said to them, ‘we suffer also, our brother, we do not live +stretched out on the shore of the ocean, where we cannot see our +mountains where they are, as you say, oh you warriors, you people +of the seven villages. We shall pass over at once. Thus we spoke; +and soon all of them rejoiced.’”</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text16" id="text16"></a><a href="#note16">16.</a> <span class="nowrap">Xa<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> hun chi caka chee ka <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hamey</span> ok xoh pe <span class="nowrap">xi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />o</span> <span class="nowrap">ka<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />amape</span> chu +chi Tullan, <span class="nowrap">quere<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ka binaam vi Cakchiquel vinak ri, <span class="nowrap">yxka<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol,</span> +quecha can ri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />avitz,</span> Çactecauh. <span class="nowrap">Xa<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ru xe ka <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hamey</span> +<span class="nowrap">xuto<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />beh</span> oc çanayi chupam palouh; <span class="nowrap">cani<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ok</span> pi tah palouh ruma +çanayi, haxi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />atzin</span> viri cakachee <span class="nowrap">xka<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ampe</span> chu chii Tullan. Xa chuvi +cholo chic çanayi xoh <span class="nowrap">i<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />o</span> vipe; haok <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ahar</span> can ru xe palouh ru vi +palouh. Cani <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xequicot conohel, ok <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />i<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />et</span> çanayi chupam palouh, +cani <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xepixaban quij, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chi la ko oyobem vi ki, chuvi nabey huyu, +chiri komolo viki, xe cha, <span class="nowrap">xavi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xere ka cholanem ok xohpe pa Tullan.</td> + <td class="parallelr"><a href="#note16">16.</a> Now there was a red tree, our staff, which we had taken in +passing from the gate of Tulan, and therefore we are called the +Cakchiquel people, oh our sons, said Gagavitz and Zactecauh. The +root of this, our staff, was pushed into the sand of the sea, and +soon the sea was separated from the sand, and for this the red tree +served which we brought from Tulan. Soon the sand was as a line, +and we passed out; it became wide above the sea and below the sea. +Then all rejoiced, when they saw sand in the sea, and many +counseled together. “There indeed is our hope, we must gather +together on these first lands,” they said; “here only can we +arrange ourselves since leaving Tulan.”</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><span class='pagenuml'><a name="Page_80" id="Page_80">[80]</a></span><a name="text17" id="text17"></a><a href="#note17">17.</a> Xebokotah <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> pe xey <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ope</span> chuvi çanayi <span class="nowrap">xavi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> que re xambey +xohpe chic chi palouh, xohel <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ape</span> chuchij ya. Xe <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> cani xu xibih ri +vuk <span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> ronohel; quere xubijh ahlabal ronohel, ok xe cha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ri vuk +<span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />:</span> Xere an kikan ree <span class="nowrap">mixi<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />et;</span> <span class="nowrap">mi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xka çaruvach yvukin, +yxahaua, yx ahlabal, maqui xkobe <span class="nowrap">yvu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />in</span> relebal <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ih,</span> xati ka canoh +can ka huyubal ka <span class="nowrap">ta<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ahal,</span> xere kikan ree <span class="nowrap">mixi<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />et</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />u<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span> raxom, +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ubul,</span> xe cha ri vuk <span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> xe pixa: Utzan, xeucheex, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> vuk <span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> +xutzin <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> qui poponic. Ok xepe <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chuvi huyu Deoçacvancu; xpe <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> +ronohel xeul <span class="nowrap">chi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chuvi hunchic huyu, Meahauh rubi. Chiri xemolo +chivri quij, xeel chi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chiri chuvi Meahauh, xeapon chic chuvi huyu +Valval Xucxuc ru bi xeuxlan chivi; xemolo chi na quij xeel chi ri xe +apon chica chuvi huyu Tapcu Oloman ru bi.</td> + <td class="parallelr"><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_81" id="Page_81">[81]</a></span><a href="#note17">17.</a> They rushed forth and passed across the sand, and following one +another we came to the shore of the sea, and we arrived at the edge +of the water. Then all the seven villages began to fear, and all +the warriors spoke, and then the seven tribes spoke: “Do you not +see our burdens? Yet it is not long since we lifted up our faces +with you, ye rulers, ye warriors; did we not come from the sun +rising with you, that we might seek our hills and valleys? Have you +not seen the burden, the green feathers, the garlands?” So spake +the seven tribes, and commanded and said, “It is well,” and the +seven tribes took counsel what to do. Afterwards they went on to +the place Deoçacvancu; and then they all went on to another place +called Meahauh. There many gathered together; having thus arrived +at Meahauh, they thence departed for the place called Valval +Xucxuc, and there they rested. There many gathered together, and +departing they arrived at the place called Tapcu Oloman.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text18" id="text18"></a><a href="#note18">18.</a> Xemolo <span class="nowrap">chi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> qui conohel chi ri xoh popon chi vi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chi ri, que +cha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ri ka tata ka mama <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />avitz,</span> Çactecauh, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chiri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xoh +vi ko viel ki, chi ri navipe xkaquir vi kikan. Xcha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ri ahlabal +ronohel: Chinak ti kaban xere kavach vae oh ah chay, oh ah <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />am,</span> oh +çaol ru vach kikan, at <span class="nowrap">kacha<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> kanimal, xecha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chikichin. Xoh +<span class="nowrap">cha<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chique: Mian xnakahar kalabal xaka vika kij, xaka cauh kij, ko +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />u<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />umah,</span> kaquira kikan. <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oh</span> na vipe kikan, xpage ruma ka tee, ka +tata, ko <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />u<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />umah,</span> yn yn etamayom. Xoh cha chique, ok xkaquir <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> +kikan, ohoh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />o</span> kikan, ri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />u<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />um,</span> çahcab, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ha,</span> pocob, achcayupil.</td> + <td class="parallelr"><a href="#note18">18.</a> Then all gathered together there, and we took counsel there, +said our fathers and ancestors, Gagavitz and Zactecauh; and it was +after we had arrived there that we first unloosed our burdens. All +the warriors said: “Whom shall we make to be our head, we the +masters of arms, the masters of booty, the assignors of tribute, oh +thou, our younger brother, and thou, our older brother?” So said +they to us. Then we said to them: “It is but a little while that we +looked to make war, and already we are prepared, our standards are +ready, our burdens are loosed; they are the burdens which were +given us by our mothers and fathers; here are our standards; I, I +am the Sage.” Thus we spoke when we unloosed our burden, our loads +of maize, our standards, our paints, bows, shields, and +double-headed lances.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text19" id="text19"></a><a href="#note19">19.</a> <span class="nowrap">Xka<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ut</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> vi koh ri chiquivach conohel, oh nabey xoh vikokij, +chi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ha,</span> chi pocob, chi achcayupil, chi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />u<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />um,</span> chi çahcab, xvikan +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ronohel, xoh cha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chiquichin: Coan chivichin, yx <span class="nowrap">kacha<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span> +yxkanimal, kitzih<span class='pagenuml'><a name="Page_82" id="Page_82">[82]</a></span> vi chitan <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />al</span> ahlabal xtikoquibeh, xtikatih vi ka +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />haa,</span> ka pocob. Xahala chic xatakobe, ti <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ama</span> kabey, xoh cha chique. +Maqui xcaho <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />amoh</span> bey, xecha, ta <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ama</span> ka bey, at <span class="nowrap">kacha<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span> at +etamayom, xecha chike. Oh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xoh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />amo</span> bey xoh cha <span class="nowrap">chi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chique. +Xavi vave komolo chivikij, xoh be <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ok <span class="nowrap">xka<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ul</span> vachih <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> hu <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hob</span> +labal, Ah Nonovalcat, Ah Xulpiti qui bi. He <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oh</span> chuchi palouh, pa hucu +e <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oh</span> vi.</td> + <td class="parallelr"><a href="#note19">19.</a> Thus we showed ourselves before the face of all; first we +adorned ourselves with our bows, our shields, our two-headed +lances, our feathers, our paints; we put them all on, and we said +to them, “On with you, you our younger brothers, you our elder +brothers, truly this<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_83" id="Page_83">[83]</a></span> war is certain, we must enter upon it, we +must test our bows, our shields. It makes little difference which +way we go; choose ye the road,” said we to them. “It is not for us +to choose the road,” said they. “Choose thou the road, thou our +younger brother, thou our teacher,” said they to us. Then we chose +the road, and we told it to them. All of us then gathered together, +and soon we met face to face a party of warriors, called those of +Nonovalcat and those of Xulpit. They were on the border of the +ocean; they were there in their boats.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text20" id="text20"></a><a href="#note20">20.</a> Kitzih ti xibin que <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />habin,</span> quetzalo, hucumah <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xepax kumari, +xetzalo chipe <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hakap</span> pahucu; ok xe paxin Ah Nonovalcat, Ah Xulpiti, +xecha <span class="nowrap">chi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> conohel ahlabal: Chinak ti <span class="nowrap">ki<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ovibeh</span> chuvi palouh, at +<span class="nowrap">kacha<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span> xecha. Xoh cha <span class="nowrap">chi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a:</span> chique hucu <span class="nowrap">tiki<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ovibeh</span> mahatikil +kalabal. <span class="nowrap">Xavi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> pa qui hucu Ah Nonovalcat xohoc vi, ok xohbe relebal +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ih,</span> <span class="nowrap">ha<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />aok</span> xohoc apon. Kitzih tixibin chi tinamit, chi hay <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ovi</span> +Ah Çuyva, chila relebal <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ih,</span> xoh ocnaek <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> apon tzamhay, quere bila +xbe <span class="nowrap">kato<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />o,</span> ok xohoc apon, kitzih ti xibin ok xpeul chucohol hay, +kitzih tibirbot, xpalah poklah ok xpeul, xtzalo cochoch, xtzalo <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> +<span class="nowrap">qui<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ij,</span> <span class="nowrap">ca<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />,</span> xtzalo conohel cavah, <span class="nowrap">xahuye<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span> xacayek xkaban ohxoh +paxin ki <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oh</span> xbe chicah, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oh</span> xkapan uleuh, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oh</span> x xule xhote, +chikichin konohel, haok <span class="nowrap">xu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ut</span> ru naval ru halebal. Ronohel ahlabal, +huhunal, <span class="nowrap">chi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xeul chuvi huyu Tapcu Oloman, pam pokon chic xoh +molokij, chiri xoh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />u<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />umah</span> viel, xoh vikon viel, yx <span class="nowrap">ka<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol,</span> que +cha ri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />avitz,</span> Çactecauh. Tok xka <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />utubeh</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ki, ba xa colovi +avi, xoh cha chi re Qeche vinak: Xaqui tohoh quihilil xibe chicah, xa +chicah xbe nucolo vivi, xcha, <span class="nowrap">quere<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xubinaah vi Tohohil ri: xcha +<span class="nowrap">chi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap">Ço<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />il</span> vinak, xaxi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ohe</span> can chiri, xaxi colovi pa ru chij +cakix, xcha;<span class='pagenuml'><a name="Page_84" id="Page_84">[84]</a></span> <span class="nowrap">quere<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xubijnaah vi Cakix can ri. Xoh cha <span class="nowrap">chi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> oh +Cakchiquel vinak: xa <span class="nowrap">ni<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ah</span> <span class="nowrap">ta<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ah</span> xnucol vivi, xaxi kapon uleuh; +<span class="nowrap">quere<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xubinaah vi <span class="nowrap">Chita<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ah</span> ri, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ucumatz</span> tucheex hunchic, xa paya +xucol viri. Xcha <span class="nowrap">chi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> Tukuchee vinak, xaxi colovi ahcic chupam hun +<span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span> xcha: <span class="nowrap">quere<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xubinaah vi Ahcic <span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ri.</span> Xcha chic Akahal +vinak: xaxincol vi chumpam akah, xcha; <span class="nowrap">quere<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xubinaah vi Akalahayri. +<span class="nowrap">Quere<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xebinaah vi conohel vi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />iy</span> chi; maqui xtivoqueçah xecolo vi +quij; maqui naek xaka meztam, chirelebal <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ih</span> xbe oc vipe quibi +conohel, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />axto<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" /></span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xoh paxin vi ul ki, que cha ri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />avitz,</span> +Çactecauh. Xoh <span class="nowrap">cha<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> oh ankatucu rupam ka huyubal, ka <span class="nowrap">ta<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />abal:</span> Mixbe +ka tiha ka <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ha</span> ka pocob, vue bala <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />o</span> chivi kalabal, oh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> kacanoh +ka huyubal ka <span class="nowrap">ta<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ahal,</span> xoh cha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a.</span> Ok xoh paxin kij chuvi huyu, ok +xoh pe <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> konohel hutak <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hob,</span> chu bey xux, xa chi vi ha qui bey. Ok +xetzolih chipe chuvi huyu Valval Xucxuc, xe <span class="nowrap">y<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />o<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ape</span> chuvi huyu +Memehuyu, Tacna huyu ru bi, xeul chic chuvi Çakiteuh, <span class="nowrap">Çaki<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />uva,</span> ru bi. +Xeel chipe chuvi Meahauh Cutam chah, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap">chila<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xebe tzolih chivipe +chuvi huyu Çakihuyu Tepacuman ru bi; Tok <span class="nowrap">xi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />o</span> qui <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />eta</span> qui huyubal, +qui <span class="nowrap">ta<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ahal;</span> okxe <span class="nowrap">y<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ope</span> chuvi huyu <span class="nowrap">To<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ohil</span> xçaker vi Qeche vinak. +Xe <span class="nowrap">i<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />o</span> chipe Pantzic, Paraxon xoh çaker vi, <span class="nowrap">yxka<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol,</span> que <span class="nowrap">cha<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> +ri henabey katata kamama <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />avitz</span> Çactecauh. <span class="nowrap">Ha<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ari</span> huyu <span class="nowrap">ta<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ah</span> +<span class="nowrap">xey<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />o</span> vi xemeho vi, maqui <span class="nowrap">xti<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />iz</span> <span class="nowrap">ka<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ahartiçah</span> xananoh xkabijh, +maquina xakameztam, kitzih vichi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />iya</span> huyu xoh <span class="nowrap">i<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />o</span> vi, quecha ri +oher katata kamama.</td> + <td class="parallelr"><a href="#note20">20.</a> Truly it was fearful, the arrow-shooting and the fighting; but +soon they were routed by us, and half the fighting was in the +boats. When those of Nonovalcat and Xulpit had been routed, all the +warriors spoke: “How shall we cross over the sea, our younger +brother?” they asked. And we said to them: “We shall cross in the +boats, while our battle is not yet known.” Then we entered into the +boats of those of Nonovalcat; when we came from the east then we +entered them. Truly, it was fearful in the town and houses of those +of Zuyva, there in the east; for when we entered at the furthest +house, they could not understand how we had entered. Truly, it was +fearful there among the houses; truly, the noise was great, the +dust was oppressive; fighting was going on in the houses, fighting +with the dogs, the wasps, fighting with all. One attack, two +attacks we made, and we ourselves were routed, as truly they were +in the air, they were in the earth, they ascended and they +descended, everywhere against us, and thus they showed their magic +and their sorcery. All the warriors, each one by himself, returned +to the place, Tapcu Oloman; we gathered together in sadness, there +where we had put on our feathers, where we had adorned ourselves, +oh you our children, as was related by Gagavitz and Zactecauh. When +we asked each other where our salvation was, it was said to us by +the Quiche men: “As it thundered and resounded in the sky, truly in +the sky must our salvation be;” so they said, and therefore the +name Tohohil was given to them. The Zotzil nation said that really<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_85" id="Page_85">[85]</a></span> +there was salvation in the mouth of an ara, and so the name Cakix +was given to them. We, the Cakchiquels, we said: “Truly, in the +middle of the valley lies our salvation, entering there into the +earth.” Therefore the name was given, Chitagah. Another, who said +salvation was in the water, was called Gucumatz. The Tukuche said +salvation was in a town on high, so they were called Ahcicamag. The +Akahals said, “We may be saved in a honeycomb,” therefore they were +called Akalahay. Thus all received their names. Do not believe, +however, that many were saved. Do not forget that all these names +came from the east. But the Evil One scattered us abroad, said +Gagavitz and Zactecauh. Thus we spoke when we turned about in our +hills and valleys: “We lately took up our bows and shields, if +anywhere there was war; let us now seek our hills and valleys.” +Thus we spoke. Then we were scattered about in many places; then we +all went forth, each division its own way, each family its own way. +Then a return was made to the place Valval Xucxuc, and they passed +on to the places called Meme and Tacna, and they arrived at the +places called Zakiteuh and Zakiquva. They went on to Meahauh and +Cutamchah, and there they turned about and came to the places +called Zakihuyu and Tepacuman. Then it was they could see their own +hills and vales; and they came to the place called Togohil, where +the Quiche men made a beginning. As they returned to Pantzic and +Paraxon, we made a beginning, oh you our children, as said our +first fathers and ancestors, Gagavitz and Zactecauh. Such were the +hills and vales through which we passed and turned about. “Let not +the praise due us for these our words cease, nor let it be +forgotten that truly to you we gave the places we passed over.” +Thus spoke of old our fathers and our ancestors.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text21" id="text21"></a>21. Ree <span class="nowrap">chi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> huyue xey <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ovi</span> chuvi Popo abah, xeka chuvi Qhopiytzel, +pa nima <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oxom,</span> xe nima chah, xeka chila mukulic ya molomic chee. Ok +xilitah <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oxahil,</span><span class='pagenuml'><a name="Page_86" id="Page_86">[86]</a></span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />obakil,</span> rubij, Chiyol Chiabak ru bi huyu +xilitah vi, xavi Bacah, xahun chi lol, ru halebal. Ok xilitah <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />utux</span> +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a:</span> chinak catux, xucheex. Xcha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oxahil,</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />obakil:</span> At +ahauh, maqui quina camiçah, xa yn <span class="nowrap">acha<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /> </span>animal, xa yn cachinak can +ruma Bacah Pok, Bacah Xahil, xaquin ikan a tem a <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hacat,</span> at ahauh, +xecha. Xecha <span class="nowrap">chi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />avitz</span> Çactecauh: Maquian at nu hay nu +chinamit catux. Kitzih vi chi at <span class="nowrap">nucha<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span> nunimal, xucheex <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a;</span> <span class="nowrap">xa<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> +cha ri e chinamital, xeucheex, <span class="nowrap">he<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ari</span> Telom Cahibak quibi. Ok xel +<span class="nowrap">chi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chiri Chiyol Chiabak, xeçolochic rucamul cakan <span class="nowrap">xei<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />o</span> chucohol +huyu boleh <span class="nowrap">chi<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> chi Hunahpu, <span class="nowrap">chiri<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap">xqui<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ul</span> vachih vi <span class="nowrap">ru<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ux</span> +huyu, <span class="nowrap">chi<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> <span class="nowrap">Çaki<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oxol</span> rubi; kitzih <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />iy</span> ru camiçam vi +<span class="nowrap">Caki<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oxol,</span> kitzih tixibin tivachin, xa <span class="nowrap">ele<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />on,</span> quecha.</td> + <td class="parallelr">21. These are the places over which they passed to Popoabah, whence +they descended to Qhopiytzel, among the broken rocks, among the +great trees; then they descended to Mukulicya (the hidden waters) +and Molomic Chee (the stacked-up wood). There they met the Qoxahil<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_87" id="Page_87">[87]</a></span> +and the Qobakil, as they were named, at the places called Chiyol +and Chiabak, there they met them, the only survivors of the Bacah, +by their magic power. When they met them, they asked and said, “Who +art thou?” Qoxahil and Qobakil answered: “O thou our lord, do not +kill us; I am thy brother, thy elder brother. We two alone remain +from the Bacah Pok and the Bacah Xahil. I am the servant of your +throne, your sovereignty, O thou our lord.” So spoke they. Then +spoke Gagavitz and Zactecauh: “Thou art not of our house; thou art +not of our tribe.” But later it was said by the tribes: “Truly thou +art our brother, our elder.” They are those called Telom and +Cakibak. When they went forth from Chiyol and Chiabak, twice they +turned their steps and passed between the mountain ranges to the +fire, to Hunahpu; and they met face to face in the spirit of the +forest, the fire called Zakiqoxol. Truly, this Zakiqoxol kills many +men. Truly, he is fearful, a robber, they say.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text22" id="text22"></a><a href="#note22">22.</a> Chiri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chucohol huyu, chi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> ruchahim vi quibey, ok xeel +apon, tok xuban <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ri <span class="nowrap">Caki<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oxol:</span> Chinak ri mak alabon oh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />et,</span> +xecha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a.</span> Ok xtak <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ari</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oxahil</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />obakil,</span> xbe ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />etalol</span> ru +halebal, xcha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ok xul kitzih ti xibin ti vachin, xa naek hun maqui e +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />iy</span> xcha, <span class="nowrap">ka<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />eta</span> na, chinak tux bay xibih yviho, xecha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />avitz</span> +Çactecauh. Xucheex <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ok <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />et:</span> chinak catux xcat ka camiçah, nak +rumal tachahih bey, xucheex, xucheex <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a.</span> Xcha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a:</span> Maqui quina +camiçah, xavi vave <span class="nowrap">yn<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ovi,</span> xa yn ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ux</span> huyu. Xcha ok <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />utux</span> +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ari</span> roqueçam; xataya chuvichin ri avoqueçam. Ok xuyape ri roqueçam, +halizm xahpota <span class="nowrap">qui<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />,</span> xahabi <span class="nowrap">qui<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />,</span> ru camiçabal <span class="nowrap">Çaki<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oxol.</span> Xere +xucolbeh pe ri, xel <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chiri xekah apon xehuyu. Tok <span class="nowrap">xemi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />h</span> <span class="nowrap">chi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> +ruma chee ruma <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />iquin,</span> quere <span class="nowrap">ti<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hao</span> chee <span class="nowrap">xca<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />axah,</span> xxuban <span class="nowrap">chi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> +pe <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />iquin.</span> Xecha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a,</span> ok <span class="nowrap">xca<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />axah:</span> Chinak ri<span class='pagenuml'><a name="Page_88" id="Page_88">[88]</a></span> ti <span class="nowrap">ka<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />axah</span> na, +chinak tux, xecha. <span class="nowrap">Xa<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> hari chee rutunum ri, hari ti ki <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />i<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />,</span> pa +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />echelah,</span> <span class="nowrap">ha<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ri balam <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />iquin</span> xxuban, <span class="nowrap">quere<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xo vi can ru bi +huyu ri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hitabal.</span></td> + <td class="parallelr"><a href="#note22">22.</a> Going on, they arrived in the middle of the woods at a fire +built by one guarding the road, and it was made by Zakiqoxol. “Who +are these boys whom we see?” said he. Then were sent forward the +Qoxahil and the Qobakil, with their mysterious vision and magical +power; they spoke when they arrived. One of them spoke, not many +[at once], as it was truly terrible to look upon, and he said: “Let +us see what kind of a hideous mole are you?” So said Gagavitz and +Zactecauh. Thus they spoke when they saw him, and they said: “Who +art thou? We shall kill thee. Why is it that thou guardest the road +here?” So they said and spoke thus. Then he said: “Do not kill me; +I, who am here, I am the heart of the forest.” Thus he spoke, and +then asked that he might clothe himself. “They shall give to thee +wherewith to clothe thyself” [said they]. Then they gave him +wherewith to clothe himself, a change of garment, his blood-red +cuirass, his blood-red shoes, the dying raiment of Zakiqoxol. By +this means he saved himself, descending into the forest. Then there +was a disturbance<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_89" id="Page_89">[89]</a></span> among the trees, among the birds; one might hear +the trees speak and the birds call. They said, when one listened: +“What is this that we hear? Who is this?” said they. And the +branches of the trees in the forest murmured, and the tigers and +birds called one to another. Therefore that spot is called +<i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hitibal</span></i>, “The Place of Disquiet.”</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text23" id="text23"></a><a href="#note23">23.</a> Xeel <span class="nowrap">chi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chiri, xahun xtika yukuba vi ru bixic huyu vae, Beleh +chi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span> Beleh chi Hunahpu, Xeçuh, Xetocoy Xeuh, Xeamatal chij, +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />unun</span> choy Xecucu huyu <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />unun</span> huyu, Xiliviztan, Çumpancu, Tecpalan, +Tepuztan, xekah <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> apon <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hol</span> <span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span> Çuquitan, kitzih <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> yeuh que +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hao,</span> xa chicop etamayom qui <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />habal;</span> xachire chicop heri Loxpin, +Qhupichin, qui bi, xkayot vi, xoh cha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chique xoh apon: <i>vaya vaya +ela opa</i>. Cani xe macamo ok xka <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />habeh</span> ri <span class="nowrap">qui<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />h</span> bal chique +<span class="nowrap">ah<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />holama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span> xacani xqui xibih quij, xa utz quitzil xoh apon.</td> + <td class="parallelr"><a href="#note23">23.</a> They departed thence. Once for all we shall mention the names +of these various places: Belehchigag, Belehchi Hunahpu, Xecuh, +Xetocoy, Xeuh, Xeamatal Chii, Tzunun Choy, Mount Xecucu, Mount +Tzunun, Xiliviztan, Zunpancu, Tecpalan, Tepuztan. They then +descended to Cholamag and Zuchitan. Truly, the language there was +difficult, and the barbarians alone knew to speak their language. +We inquired only of the barbarians, Loxpin and Chupichin, and we +said to them when we arrived: “<i>Vaya, vaya, ela, opa.</i>” They were +surprised when we spoke their language to those of Cholamag, and +many of them were frightened, but we received only good words.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text24" id="text24"></a><a href="#note24">24.</a> Xeapon <span class="nowrap">chi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chuvi huyu Memehuyu Tacnahuyu, rucamul cakan; maqui +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />alah</span> <span class="nowrap">que<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hao,</span> quere xae mem. Kitzih naek e utzilah vinak. Xaka +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hal</span> xoh <span class="nowrap">mi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ho,</span> xoh yaloh chiri xketamah <span class="nowrap">qui<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />habal.</span> Quecha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> +chikichin: At auh, mixatul, <span class="nowrap">ku<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />in,</span> xaoh <span class="nowrap">acha<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> animal, xata vave cat +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ohe</span> vi <span class="nowrap">ku<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />in,</span> quecha, xrah hameztah ri <span class="nowrap">ka<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />habal,</span> xax kabah chic +<span class="nowrap">ka<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ux,</span> ok xpeul <span class="nowrap">cu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />in.</span></td> + <td class="parallelr"><a href="#note24">24.</a> They went to the places, Meme and Tacna, for the second time. +They could not speak well, hence the name <i>Mem</i>. Truly, they were +good people. They spoke to mock us, and we remained to learn their +language. They said to us: “Thou our lord, remain with us; we are +thy elder and younger brother; abide with us,” said they. They +wished us to forget our speech, but our heart was as a stone when +we arrived with them.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text25" id="text25"></a><a href="#note25">25.</a> Ree <span class="nowrap">chi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hakap</span> rubi huyue, xel chivi Çakiteuh Çakiqua, <span class="nowrap">ni<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ah</span> +Çubinal, <span class="nowrap">ni<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ah</span> Chacachil, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ulahauh,</span> xba cah, <span class="nowrap">ni<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ah</span> Nimxor, +<span class="nowrap">ni<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ah</span> Moinal, <span class="nowrap">ni<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ah</span> Carchah; xe <span class="nowrap">i<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />o</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> pe <span class="nowrap">ru<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />in</span> valil <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol</span> +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />unun</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol:</span> xeel chic <span class="nowrap">ru<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />in</span> Mevac, Nacxit, kitzih chinima ahauh, +ha ki <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> rikan ri que chapbex ahaua ahpop, <span class="nowrap">ahpop<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />amahay.</span> <a name="corr13" id="corr13"></a><ins class="correction" title="This should either read , ha or . Ha">ha</ins> +<span class='pagenuml'><a name="Page_90" id="Page_90">[90]</a></span>roqueçam ri Orbal tzam ri tiquiyo ru bi ha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ti Cinpual Taxuch. +Kitzih <span class="nowrap">lo<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> chique <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />iz</span> <span class="nowrap">y<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ovinak</span> pe ronohel ahlabal chiri xe ucheex +conohel ruma ahauh Nacxit: Xati hotoba can ree vapal abah toc chuvi +vochoch, tin ya <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chivichin ree vahauarem, tiquiyo Çinpuval Taxuch, +xe ucheex conohel ahlabal, xax mani vi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xquiho abah chique, xavi +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xe ucheex chic, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ate<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xehotobaan can ri vapal abah, <span class="nowrap">quere<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> +<span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />iz</span> ruya vipe rahauarem vach Nacxit vi xepoo <span class="nowrap">chi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chiri.</td> + <td class="parallelr"><a href="#note25">25.</a> These were also a part of the names of the places: they went to +Zakiteuh and Zakiqua, the midst of Tubinal, the midst of Chacachil, +Tzulahauh which reaches to the sky, the midst of Nuüxor, the midst +of Moinal, the midst of Carchah. They passed over with the sons of +Valil and the sons of Tzunun. They went forth from Merac and +Nacxit. Truly this one (Nacxit) was a great lord, and the vassals +who aided him to seize the sovereignty<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_91" id="Page_91">[91]</a></span> were themselves rulers and +chieftains. He invested Orbaltzam, and said that his name should be +Cinpual Taxuch. Truly he finished by making himself the most dear +of all men to all the warriors by the words spoken to all by this +lord Nacxit: “You have come to be the stone framework, the support +of my house; I will give to you sovereignty, and give you Cinpuval +Taxuch.” So said he to all the warriors. “I have not placed the +stones of the others,” so said he to them. And thus they came to +erect the stone framework. Therefore, Nacxit completed the +appointment of a companion in the sovereignty, and they cried out +aloud with joy.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text26" id="text26"></a><a href="#note26">26.</a> Ok xilitah <span class="nowrap">chi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ari</span> Ah Mimpokom Ah <span class="nowrap">Rax<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />h</span> pa Çaktzuy rubi +huyu, tantu çavi ruvach rikan ronohel Pokoma; tantiban xahoh, xman queh, +xman <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />iquin,</span> raal <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />akol</span> queh, <span class="nowrap">xu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />:</span> tzara xaxere rikan Ah +<span class="nowrap">Rax<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />h,</span> Ah Minpokom ri, xa vuk <span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> chinaht <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />et</span> vi. Ok xtak +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> el ri chicop Çakbim, xbe <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />eto</span> quichin, xetak chi navipe ri +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oxahil</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />obakil</span> lol, ru halebal. Ok xpe ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />eta,</span> xe ucheex <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> +xebe: Oh <span class="nowrap">y<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />eto</span> naktux ri quixapon nakah, vue kalabal, xeucheex el. Xe +ul <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> he Ah Mukchee, mani xqui <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ut</span> quij, maqui xquina xebe <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />et.</span> +Xpe <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> retal ruma Çakbin ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />aan</span> Huntzuy tzara xul. Yn cheel xbe +<span class="nowrap">y<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />eta,</span> xeucheex, kitzih nima <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />al,</span> nima xahoh tantiban, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />iy</span> +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chu <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ohlem,</span> que cha xeul. Xe cha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ari</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />avitz</span> Çactecauh, +chiquichin rachbiyil; quix vikon, vue kalabal, quecha. Xevi ko <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> +quij, chi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ha,</span> chi pocob, he cautal xe be <span class="nowrap">xe<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />et</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ruma Pokoma. +Xa cani ru xibih ri Pokoma, xeel <span class="nowrap">cani<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />am</span> cokotaxic.</td> + <td class="parallelr"><a href="#note26">26.</a> Then they met those of Mimpokom and Raxchich, at the place +called Tzaktzuy. They met all the subjects of the Pokomams. They +dance their ballet, but it is without deers, without birds, without +pheasants, without the trappers and their nets. The subjects of +Raxchich and Mimpokon gather together; but the seven nations look +on at a distance. They sent out the brute Zakbim as a spy; and on +our side were summoned the Qoxahil and the Qobakil, magicians, +enchanters. On their departure, they were told: “Let us see who are +approaching, and if we are to fight.” So it was said. Those of +Mukchee arrived, but they were in no great number, nor had they +come to spy out. The signal was given by Zakbin, while Huntzuy came +into line. “Now I see them,” they said. “This is really a wonderful +thing, a wonderful dance they are making; there are many under the +trees.” So spoke they on arriving. Thus said Gagavitz and Zactecauh +to their companions: “Let us take up our arms if we are to fight.” +Immediately all took up their bows and shields, and thus arrayed +showed themselves to the Pokomams. At once terror struck the +Pokomams, and ours rushed forth to seize them in their disorder.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text27" id="text27"></a><a href="#note27">27.</a> Ok xeilitah <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ri e cay Loch rubi hun, Xet rubi rucam, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chila +xeilitah vi xe Cucuhuyu <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ununhuyu,</span><span class='pagenuml'><a name="Page_92" id="Page_92">[92]</a></span> que cha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ok xeilitah: Maqui +koh acamiçah, at ahauh, xa kohikan a tem a <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hacat;</span> xecha, halal oc +quikan, xahuhun chi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />habitun</span> <span class="nowrap">cu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />aam;</span> xe tzolih chipe, xquitzak chi +can hun ru tzuyil, qui tzara chiri xepax vi, <span class="nowrap">quere<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xubinah vi huyu +Tzaktzuy, ri retal <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />amvi</span> Ahquehay, heri nabey qui tata qui mama +xeboço Ahquehayi. Yncheel <span class="nowrap">ru<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />amic</span> vue, quixcha, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ohe</span> rubi huyu. +<span class="nowrap">Xe<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />am</span> vi ri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hakap</span> chinamit, <span class="nowrap">yxka<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol,</span> quere can kitzih he nabey +ka tata ka mama xoh boz vi xoh vinakir vi, oh Cakchiquel vinak.</td> + <td class="parallelr"><a href="#note27">27.</a> Then they encountered the two, Loch and Xet by name; they +encountered them there at the foot of the mountains Cucu and +Tzunun. These said when they<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_93" id="Page_93">[93]</a></span> were encountered, “Do not kill us, O +thou our lord; we will be the servants of your throne, of your +power.” So they said, and entered at once as vassals, each one +carrying the bows and drums. Going on, a return was made, and they +were hindered by some calabash vines, and were ensnared and +scattered. Therefore, that place was called Tzaktzuy, and the +Ahquehay took it as their sign, that is, those first fathers and +ancestors who brought forth the Ahquehay. This is why they took it, +it is said, and such is the name of the place. They chose a portion +of the tribe, oh you my children, and truly thus it was that our +first fathers and ancestors brought us forth and gave us +existence—us, the Cakchiquel people.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text28" id="text28"></a><a href="#note28">28.</a> Ok <span class="nowrap">xe<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ulu</span> chi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> qui chuvi huyu Oronic Cakhay, xul chic ronohel +vuk <span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> ahlabal. Xcha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ari</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />avitz,</span> Çactecauh chirichin Qeche +vinak: koh <span class="nowrap">i<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />o</span> pa huyu konohel, ka <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />haca</span> ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ih</span> ronohel vuk <span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> +Tecpan, ka <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />umah</span> chiqui <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ux;</span> at catahilan can quivach, cat pa e can +chuvi Cakay, yn <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> quinoc chupam huyu Cakay, yn <span class="nowrap">qui<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />haco</span> quichin, ti +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />umah</span> chi qui <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ux,</span> chupam huyu ba <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />o</span> vi ti <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hacatah,</span> <span class="nowrap">ba<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ovi</span> +maqui ti <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hacatah;</span> xe cha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a,</span> ok xcam quitzih, <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oh</span> pa Cakhay, ok +xtiquer <span class="nowrap">ri<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ovic</span> ronohel, chiri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chupam huyu <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />umax</span> vi chi qui +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ux.</span> Ok xuna <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ul</span> ya, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ul</span> chahom, maqui <span class="nowrap">xi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />o</span> chupam huyu. +Xcha: At ahau, xa tin ya queh cab chi vichin, yn ahqueh, yn ahcab +quinux, maqui quin <span class="nowrap">i<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />o,</span> xcha ri yuquite chahom. <span class="nowrap">Quere<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xrelahih vi +queh cab, yuquite chahom ri. Xeel chi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chiri <span class="nowrap">xey<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />o</span> chipe chuvi, +<span class="nowrap">Tunaco<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ih</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ahinak</span> abah. <span class="nowrap">Chiri<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xquitih vi qui <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />habi</span> tun Loch +Xet, <span class="nowrap">xaco<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />iham</span> qui tun, <span class="nowrap">quere<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xubinaah vican huyu <span class="nowrap">Tunaco<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ih</span> +ri.</td> + <td class="parallelr"><a href="#note28">28.</a> Then they went forth to meet those at the place Oronic Cakhay, +and all the warriors of the seven villages arrived. Then spoke +Gagavitz and Zactecauh to the Quiche men: “Let us all go to the +place. Let us conquer the glory of all the seven villages of +Tecpan, let us weaken their hearts; do thou count their faces, do +thou stand here at the place Cakhay; I shall enter the place +Cakhay; I shall conquer them; their heart shall be weakened; there, +in the place, they shall be conquered, where they never before were +conquered.” Thus they spake when they ordered the slaughter, when +they were in Cakhay; then it began with all of them in the place, +and their hearts were weakened. But on account of the defence with +water, and the defence with cinders, they could not enter the +place, and their hearts were weakened. Then it was said: “O thou +lord, I will give thee the venison and the honey. I am the lord of +the venison, the lord of the honey; but I have not passed because +of the cinders,” it was said. Thus the venison and the honey were +protected by means of the cinders. They went from there to +Tunacotzih, “the sounding stone.” There Loch and Xet made trial of +the bows and drums, and they beat their drums; therefore the name +of that spot is Tunacotzih, “the Drum-beating.”</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><span class='pagenuml'><a name="Page_94" id="Page_94">[94]</a></span><a name="text29" id="text29"></a><a href="#note29">29.</a> Ok xilitah chi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ri Cavek chiri xenima chah, Ximbal <span class="nowrap">xu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" /></span> rubi +huyu. Ok <span class="nowrap">xa<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />axax</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap">ro<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ebal</span> çak corovach xe nima chah, ru halebal +ri cavek. Que cha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />avitz</span> Çactecauh: chinak tux ri, chinak +chi kucheeh, quecha. Ok xcha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ri Loch, Xet: <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />o</span> vikan, at ahval, ha +ti koqueçah, xecha. Ox xquiz <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> quikan; xa <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap">xu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />,</span> çakquiy, +xabanbal xahab quikan, mani quikan xae ru ka xbachican quehay, +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />umhay;</span> quere quibinaam vi Ahquehayi ri. Ok xrip <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ari</span> <span class="nowrap">xu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" /></span> chuvi +chee, <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ambex</span> richin çakcorovach xe nima chah, ok xuya <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />arij</span> chupam +<span class="nowrap">xu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" /></span> ri çak corovach, xcha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ok xuya ri: At ahauh, maqui quin a +camiçah. Chinak na <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> catux, xucheex. <span class="nowrap">Xcha<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a:</span> Xa xoh çachcan ruma +ahauh Qechee, xa oh <span class="nowrap">acha<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> animal, oh Cavek, <span class="nowrap">xakoti<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />en</span> atitil, +<span class="nowrap">a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ana</span> abah, xecha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ri ok xquiya quij, qui tata qui mama Caveki. He +cay chi achi Totunay ru bi hun, Xurcah ru bi hun chic, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oh</span> quikan +Cavek Paoh ru bi, xeucheex <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ruma <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />avitz,</span> at rucah nu chinamit +catux, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />eka<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />uch,</span> <span class="nowrap">Ba<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol,</span> Cavek Cibakihay, qui xucheex, kitzih vi +chi at nu <span class="nowrap">cha<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> nu nimal. Xavi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xu cheex chic Ahquehay, chirih nu +chinamit cat ahilax vi, at rikan <span class="nowrap">ka<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ak</span> kibah catux, huruma ri mani +rikan, xere vi ri <span class="nowrap">xu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />,</span> <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ambex</span> Cavek, que <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />akat</span> vi chinamit +ri, que cha oher ka tata ka mama, <span class="nowrap">yxka<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol,</span> xa maqui hemezta ytzih ha +e ahaua vi.</td> + <td class="parallelr"><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_95" id="Page_95">[95]</a></span><a href="#note29">29.</a> At this time they met the Cavek under the great pines, at the +place called Ximbalxug. They heard the plaint of the doves beneath +the great pines; the enchantment of the Cavek. Gagavitz and +Zactecauh said: “Who art thou? What is that we hear?” Then said +Loch and Xet: “They are our vassals, oh our lord, they obey us.” +They began to show their burdens; bird nets, maguey, tools for +making shoes, were their burdens—no other burdens, for their +houses were of deer skins and hides; hence they were called +Ahquehay. Then they carried the nets to the woods; they caught +doves in them beneath the great pines, and they brought many of +these doves caught in the nets, and said: “Oh our lord, do not slay +us.” “Who art thou?” was asked. They answered: “We have been ruined +by the Quiche men, we your brother, your kinsman, we the Cavek; +they have diminished their regal dignity.” So spoke they, and gave +many gifts, they the fathers and ancestors of the Cavek. There were +two heroes, Totunay the name of one, Xurcah of the other, the +vassals of Cavek Paoh; they were addressed by Gagavitz: “Thou art +the fourth of our tribes, Gekaquch, Baqahol, Cavek, and Cibakihay.” +Thus he addressed them: “Truly thou art my brother, my kinsman.” +Thus he spoke to those of Ahquehay: “Thou art counted in my tribe, +thy vassalage shows that thou art of our ancient home, no longer +art thou a vassal nor carriest the net. The Caveks are received, +and form part of our tribe.” So spoke of yore our fathers and +ancestors, oh my children, and we must not forget the words of +these rulers.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parheadl"><i>Qui <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hacbal</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ka mama, ok xcam.</i></td> + <td class="parheadr"><i>The Victory of Our Forefathers, After One Had Died.</i></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text30" id="text30"></a><a href="#note30">30.</a> Xeapon <span class="nowrap">chi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chuvi huyu <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hopi</span> ytzel, xcha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />avitz</span> chire +Çactecauh: <span class="nowrap">ko<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ax</span> chuvi çivan.​—​Utzan, xcha. Ha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> nabey <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ax</span> ri +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />avitz,</span> ok xrah <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ax</span> chic ri Çactecauh; maqui <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ax,</span> +xtzak ka pa civan:<span class='pagenuml'><a name="Page_96" id="Page_96">[96]</a></span> <span class="nowrap">equre<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xcam vi can hun ka mama rij, xhachatah qui +vach, xahun chic xohboço, oh Xahila, ri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />avitz.</span></td> + <td class="parallelr"><a href="#note30">30.</a> Having arrived at the place, Qhopiytzel, Gagavitz said to +Zactecauh: “Let us cross this ravine.” “Good,” said he. Gagavitz +first crossed, and then Zactecauh wished to cross. But he did not +cross, but fell into the ravine. Thus died one of our ancestors, +and their pos<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_97" id="Page_97">[97]</a></span>sessions were divided; but the other, that is, +Gagavitz, brought us forth—us, the Xahila.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text31" id="text31"></a><a href="#note31">31.</a> Xeapon <span class="nowrap">chi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chuvi huyu, Çakihuyu, Teyocuman, ru camul cakan; +chiri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />i</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />et</span> vi el ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />al</span> huyu, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> xanul ru bi, +kitzih ti xibin ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />al</span> tipe chupam huyu; <span class="nowrap">to<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ol</span> <span class="nowrap">ru<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />al</span> +chinaht. Xmani vi tucheex roquebexic, <span class="nowrap">xa<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> huna huyu <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />xanul</span> +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oh</span> ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />al;</span> xmani vi tipe vi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span> xaporinak <span class="nowrap">chi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ronohel +ahlabal vuk <span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> xe huyu, mani tanti cucheex, kitzih tan <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ok</span> qui +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ux,</span> mani tan tucheex ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />amic</span> ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />al,</span> xa xeho chic ho oyobem, +quecha ri ka mama ri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />avitz,</span> xeapon <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xe huyu, xecha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> +conohel ahlabal: At <span class="nowrap">kacha<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span> mixatul xa at chic at koyoben, chinak tu +cheex ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />amic</span> <span class="nowrap">ka<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span> mix katih tatiha ka <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ihil</span> at <span class="nowrap">kacha<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span> +xecha conohel, xoh <span class="nowrap">cha<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chique: Nak tahoon tin canah nutihana, hari +achih ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ux,</span> maqui tu xibih rij, yn quinabeyah, xcha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />avitz</span> +chiquichin, mani xahoon xa canih xquixibih qui. Kitzih ti xibin ru +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />al</span> huyu; ok xraho <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ri hun <span class="nowrap">Çaki<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />unun</span> rubi. Yn quibe +<span class="nowrap">avu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />in,</span> xcha ri <span class="nowrap">Çaki<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />unun,</span> xcha chire <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />avitz.</span>​—​Tok xvikon +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xquicauh, xqui cha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> qui quicabichal: Maquina chi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ha,</span> chi +pocob. Xa xet tule xa <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />imah</span> vi, xa bolol, raxah ru bi, hari <span class="nowrap">ça<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ul</span> +tel chi ya; xquivikbeh quij, xoc pa qui vi, xoc chi qui kul, chi qui +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />huc,</span> chi qui <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a,</span> chi cakan camiçabal richin <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span> quecha. Ha +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xka chupam <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> ri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />avitz,</span> ha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap">Çaki<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />unun,</span> xyaan can +ru vi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span> xa rax yxim <span class="nowrap">xpu<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> ka pa ya xyabex ruvi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />:</span> kitzih +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> tixibin ok xkah chupam huyu, ok xpax ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />al</span> huyu, <span class="nowrap">xto<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />e</span> +rucibel chinaht, xoc <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ekum</span> <span class="nowrap">a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a.</span> Xepax conohel ri e <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oh</span> xe huyu, +xqui xibih qui. Xbe yaloh pa huyu ri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />avitz,</span> xqui tzakah ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ih,</span> +xcam chi qui <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ux.</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oh</span> <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />amo</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oh</span> mani <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />amo</span> +chiquichin;<span class='pagenuml'><a name="Page_98" id="Page_98">[98]</a></span> halatak oc ru bix <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> xkaul xe huyu; <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oh</span> xilon, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oh</span> +maqui xilon chique, ok xel <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> pe chupam huyu. Kitzih ti xibin chic ru +vach, ok xel pe pa huyu <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />xanul,</span> xecha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ronohel ahlabal vuk +<span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />:</span> Kitzih tixibin ru puz ru naval, ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />al</span> ru tepeval, xcam +xkana, quecha.</td> + <td class="parallelr"><a href="#note31">31.</a> They then arrived at the white hills called Teyocuman, coming +there for the second time. There they saw the fire of the mountain +called Gagxanul. Truly it was frightful to see the fire coming from +the mountain, the fire shooting forth afar off. No one could say +how it could be passed by, as the mountain Gagxanul was on fire for +a whole year, after which fire did not come forth. When all the +warriors of the seven villages had arrived at the foot of the +mountain, no one spoke; truly, they grieved at heart, nor could one +say how the fire could be captured. They could but go on hoping. +When he arrived at the mountain they spoke to our ancestor, +Gagavitz, and all the warriors said to him: “Thou our brother, thou +hast arrived, thou in whom is our hope. Who will go down to the +capture of this fire? Who will descend for us, who are seeking our +fortune, oh thou our brother?” So said all; and we replied: “Who of +you wishes that I shall try my fortune? He has a heart of a hero, +that fears not. I will go first.” Thus spoke Gagavitz to them: “You +must not fear so soon.” Truly, the fire of the mountain was +terrible. Then there was one named Zakitzunun, who wished to go +with him. “I will go with you,” said Zakitzunun, speaking to +Gagavitz. Then they were armed and their ornaments put upon them. +But the two said together: “There is no use of bows or shields.” +They laid them aside; they took pointed instruments and dug a +trench, and they placed by the water those banana trees called +<i>raxah</i>. When these things were in order, they entered first with +their heads, then with their necks, then with their arms, with +their hands, with their feet, so as to destroy the fire, as they +said. Then Gagavitz descended into the fire, while Zakitzunun +conducted the water to the fire, and the green grass and maize +mixed with the water flowed upon the fire. Truly, it was fearful +when it descended into the mountain, when it scattered the fire of +the mountain, when the smoke burst forth afar and darkness and +night<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_99" id="Page_99">[99]</a></span> entered on the scene. All who were at the foot of the +mountain fled, as they were greatly frightened. Gagavitz remained +in the mountain. The day drew to a close, and their courage died in +their hearts. The fire was captured, but it was not captured for +them. A few sparks of the fire descended from the mountain. It +reached some, but it did not reach them. Then he came from within +the mountain. Truly, his face was terrible when he came from within +the mountain Gagxanul. All the warriors of the seven villages said: +“Truly his power, his knowledge, his glory and his majesty are +terrible. He died, and yet he has come down.” So said they.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text32" id="text32"></a><a href="#note32">32.</a> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ate<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />aok</span> <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hocobax</span> chuvi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hacat,</span> ok xkaul, kitzih xquininah, +xe cha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> conohel: At <span class="nowrap">kacha<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span> mix akaçah ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />al</span> huyu, mi xaya +ka <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />;</span> yx cay chi al, hun nabey al, hun xambey al chivichin, yx ka +vi, yxka holom, xecha conohel ahlabal vuk <span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span> chirichin ri +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />avitz.</span> Ok xcha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chiquichin: Xpeul ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ux</span> huyu nu teleche nu +cana, yx <span class="nowrap">nucha<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span> nunimal. Ok xquir <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ri ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ux</span> huyu, +<span class="nowrap">xa<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />olo<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ic</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> chi abah, hari abah <span class="nowrap">çakcho<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> rubi, maqui raxa +abah, oxlahuh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oh</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />o</span> ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />in</span> ri abah, <span class="nowrap">ha<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap">rix<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ul</span> ru +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ux</span> huyu <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />xanul;</span> xa <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> cha ri couh ru xahic <span class="nowrap">rix<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ul,</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />i</span> ya +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hob,</span> tuban maqui ahilam <span class="nowrap">re<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />anibal.</span></td> + <td class="parallelr"><a href="#note32">32.</a> Therefore, when he had arrived they seated him on the throne, +and truly made much of him, and all said: “Oh our brother, you have +conquered the fire of the mountain; you have reduced for us the +fire. Ye are two heroes; one is the first hero, and one follows +him. Ye are our heads, our chiefs.” So said all the warriors of the +seven villages to Gagavitz. Then he said to them: “The heart of the +mountain has come as my slave, my captive, oh you my brethren, my +kinsmen.” When the heart of the mountain is opened, the fire +separates from the stone, even the stone called Gak Chog. It is not +a green stone, and there are thirteen others with it, and hence +comes the dance called “the heart of the mountain Gagxanul.” They +say this dance is executed violently, with many troops (of +dancers), nor can one count those who join the noise.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text33" id="text33"></a>33. Xepe <span class="nowrap">chi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chiri <span class="nowrap">xei<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />o</span> chipe Çeçic Ynup rubi, xaceel chuvi choy; +ri ynup maqui na tiquil, mani ruxe ri ynup, xatibilan chuvi ya. +<span class="nowrap">Quere<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ru binaam vi Çeçic Ynup ri xey <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />o</span> chipe chuvi huyu, +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />alalapacay</span> ru bi; xax <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />al</span> he ru xak pacay <span class="nowrap">xqui<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hacatih.</span> <span class="nowrap">Quere<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> +xubinaah vi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />alalapacay</span> ri, quecha ka mama.</td> + <td class="parallelr">33. They went from there and passed over to Cecic Ynup, as it is +called, and they rowed on the lake. There was no ceiba tree rooted +in the soil, nor did they go under a ceiba tree, but they went upon +the water. Therefore, they called that place Cecic Ynup, “the +buried Ceiba.” And they passed on to the place called Qalalapacay. +There they twined the leaves of the anonas for the royal seat. +Therefore, they called that place Qalalapacay, “anona garlands.” So +say our ancestors.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parheadl"><span class='pagenuml'><a name="Page_100" id="Page_100">[100]</a></span><i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ambal</span> richin <span class="nowrap">Ykoma<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> vae.</i></td> + <td class="parheadr"><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_101" id="Page_101">[101]</a></span><i>The Conquest of the Ikomagi.</i></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text34" id="text34"></a><a href="#note34">34.</a> Ok xet <span class="nowrap">chi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chinaht ri Cakixahay <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ubulahay</span> ru bi, rikam +<span class="nowrap">Ykoma<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />i,</span> cani <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />amar</span> rokotaxic cuma, runah <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xilitah <span class="nowrap">Chi<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />alibal</span> +rubi huyu; xuya vi ri hoye vi quivach, ok xilitah, xaxu <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />aba</span> chic rij. +<span class="nowrap">Quere<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xubinaah vi huyu, <span class="nowrap">Chi<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />alibal</span> ri. Xcha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ok xu ya ri: Xa +yn <span class="nowrap">acha<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> animal, xa <span class="nowrap">mixi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hacatah,</span> xaquin ikan a tem, a <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hacat,</span> yn +huvi chi vinak <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />o</span> vikan. Xcha ri <span class="nowrap">Ykoma<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />i,</span> he <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> rikan ri +Cakixahay, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ubulahay;</span> <span class="nowrap">quere<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap">ru<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />amic</span> <span class="nowrap">Ykoma<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> ri, xere <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> +xcolotah. Chic ri xeboço chic <span class="nowrap">Ço<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />il</span> vinak, qui tata qui mama ri +<span class="nowrap">Ahpoço<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />il</span> Qulavi çochoh, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ula</span> vi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />anti</span> quibi; xaqui vinakil xeel +chic mani chic quikan.</td> + <td class="parallelr"><a href="#note34">34.</a> Then they saw at a distance those called the Cakixahay and the +Qubulahay, subjects of the Ikomagi. They were captured after they +had been routed by a surprise, when they were not far from a place +called Chigalibal. They were pardoned when they arrived, and our +warriors extended their hands to them. Hence that place was called +Chigalibal. They said, in yielding: “I am your brother, your elder. +You are the conquerors. We are the subjects of your throne and your +power. I swear it before these who are my subjects.” Thus spoke the +Ikomagi, and thus their subjects, the Cakixahay and the Qubulahay. +Thus did Ikomag submit and save his life. With them the Zotzils +brought forth those fathers and elders, the Ahpozotzils named +Qulavi Zochoh and Qulavi Qanti. But only their families, not their +vassals, proceeded therefrom.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text35" id="text35"></a><a href="#note35">35.</a> Ok xeapon <span class="nowrap">chi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chuvi huyu <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />akba<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ulu,</span> ok xilitah <span class="nowrap">chi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ri +<span class="nowrap">Tol<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />om</span> rubi. Kitzih tixibin <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />o</span> vi, tinicnot huyu <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />o</span> vi ri +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />akba<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ulu.</span> Nabey <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xe <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />iz</span> apon ronohel ahlabal, tanti qui +xibih quij, maqui tan quetiquer chu camiçaxic. Tok xeapon, xecha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ri +ahlabal conohel: Mian xatul at <span class="nowrap">kacha<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span> bila tux ree, kitzih ti xibin +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />o</span> vi, quecha. Xecha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> vi he ka mama <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />avitz;</span> chinak na pe +tux, yx ahlabal? <span class="nowrap">xti<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />et</span> an ru vach. Maquian ka labal, maqui +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ha,</span> pocob, tikoqueçah, yx <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oh</span> yx ka nimal, xecha, xetak conohel chu +chapic <span class="nowrap">Tol<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />om.</span> Ok xe cha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a:</span> Nak <span class="nowrap">na<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> tucheex, at <span class="nowrap">kacha<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span> +mixkatih kitzih tixibin <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />o</span> vi, at cabe chiil, xecha conohel. Tok xpe +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap">ru<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />eta</span> ri <span class="nowrap">Tol<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />om,</span> xapon kitzih ti xibin <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />o</span> vi tinicnot huyu +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />o</span> vi. Xcha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chire <span class="nowrap">Tol<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />om:</span> Chinak catux? maat <span class="nowrap">nucha<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> nu nimal. +Chinak catux? vacami xcat nucamiçah. Cani <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xa xibih rij, xcha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a:</span> +Yn ral <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />habak</span> nicnic, xa vi vochoch vae yn<span class='pagenuml'><a name="Page_102" id="Page_102">[102]</a></span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />o</span> vi, at ahauh, xcha. +Catoho, bat tiquic, xucheex <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ri <span class="nowrap">Tol<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />om.</span> Ok xu ya rii, xchapatah, +xpe <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ru chapon chic xul <span class="nowrap">cu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />in,</span> xeucheex <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ri ahlabal vuk +<span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span> ok xuya ri <span class="nowrap">Tol<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />om:</span> <span class="nowrap">xtika<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ahartiçah</span> can vae huyu, yx quixçao +ru vach nu telechee nu cana; xtikaquiyah, xtika <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />atohih</span> ru vi nu +telechee, <span class="nowrap">xtike<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />abeh</span> <span class="nowrap">xtika<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ak,</span> <span class="nowrap">xtika<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ahartiçah</span> can rubi vae huyu +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />akba<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ulu</span> tucheex ruma vinak <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ak,</span> yx ahaua, xeucheex <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> +conohel ahlabal.</td> + <td class="parallelr"><a href="#note35">35.</a> After this they arrived at the place Qakbatzulu, where they met +the one named Tolgom. Truly, terror was there, and the place +Qakbatzulu trembled. At first all the warriors began to arrive; but +fear was upon them lest they should there meet death. When he +(Gagavitz) reached there, all the warriors said: “Thou arrivest, +our brother. What is this? Truly it is fearful.” So said they; and +to them said our ancestor, Gagavitz: “Who are ye, oh warriors? Let +us look at his face. Can we not fight? Have we not bows and shields +to effect an entrance, oh you who are my brethren?” So he spoke, +and he sent all the warriors to seize Tolgom. Then they said: “What +speech is this, oh brother? Is it not said that a great terror is +there? Go thou and see.” So said they all. Then he went forth to +see Tolgom, and truly he arrived at the place of the terror and +where the hill trembled. At once he cried to Tolgom: “Who art thou? +Thou art neither my brother nor my elder. Who art thou? This very +day I shall slay thee.” Instantly was Tolgom filled with fear, and +he replied: “I am the son of the Mud that Quivers. This is my +house<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_103" id="Page_103">[103]</a></span> where I dwell, oh my lord.” So he said. “Go forth from here +and live elsewhere,” was it answered to Tolgom. Then he submitted +and was made prisoner, and his body was taken with him. Gagavitz +said to the warriors and the seven towns when Tolgom gave himself +up: “We have made this spot glorious. Show forth the face of my +prisoner, my captive. We will adorn and sacrifice my captive. We +will be friends with him and stand in front of him, and thus +celebrate the name of this spot, Qakbatzulu, as it is called by a +joking people, oh chieftains.” Such were the words addressed to all +the warriors.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text36" id="text36"></a>36. <span class="nowrap">Quere<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xquibijh vae: At <span class="nowrap">kaçha<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span> hun nabey al, hun <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hipil</span> +al chikichin, xtiketah <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ih</span> çak chi popol vach oh oxlahuh chi ahlabal, +xti ka ya a muh a <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />alibal,</span> a tem, a <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hacat,</span> avahavarem. He ree cay +chi al <span class="nowrap">Ço<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />il</span> Tukuche que ucheex, xcat kachi quicohol <span class="nowrap">Ahpoço<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />il</span> +Ahpoxahil, qui xucheex xa chiri taban vi, at naek huvi chi ahlabal, la +naek <span class="nowrap">acha<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> animale, Bacah Pok, Bacah Xahil; qui xucheex naek xa hunam +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />al</span> tepeval, at <span class="nowrap">kacha<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span> xucheex <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a;</span> tok xelahibex ru vach, ok +ru yaic ri <span class="nowrap">Ahpoço<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />il</span> Ahpoxahil, maqui naek oh <span class="nowrap">Ço<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />il</span> Tukuche la +naek, <span class="nowrap">kacha<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> ka nimal lae Bacah Pok, oh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> Bacah Xahil, <span class="nowrap">yxka<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol.</span> +Quecha ri e oher katata kamama: Oh huvi chi ahlabal xa ruma ri nim qui +puz qui naval, he navipe hei kayom, ri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ha</span> pocob. <span class="nowrap">Quere<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xelahibex +vi quivach, a nabey ka mama ri, ruma ri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />iy</span> xukaçah ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ih</span> ralaxic.</td> + <td class="parallelr">36. Therefore, they spoke thus: “Our brother, one child is the +first and another the second among us. Hereafter we shall make this +appear before the council, we the thirteen warriors. We will give +to thee thy canopy, thy royal seat, thy carpet, thy throne, with +power. These shall be called the two children of the Zotzil +Tukuches, but thou shalt be the first man among the Ahpozotzils and +the Ahpoxahils. They shall call thee forth to act; thou shalt be +first among the warriors, thy brothers and thy elders, the Bacah +Pok and the Bacah Xahils. They shall name thee equal to any in +power and majesty, oh my brother.” Thus they said, and his head was +lifted above the others, and he was given the power by the +Ahpozotzils and the Ahpoxahils, but not by us, the Zotzil Tukuches, +nor by our brother and elder, the Bacah Pok and the Bacah Xahil, my +children. Our fathers and ancestors said of old: “We have been +chosen by the warriors in their great skill and wisdom; their bows +and shields have created us.” It was thus that our ancestors were +first exalted by overcoming the greatness and the birth of many.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text37" id="text37"></a><a href="#note37">37.</a> Ok xtiquer <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ru camiçaxic ri <span class="nowrap">Tol<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />om,</span> xvikitah na, xoc na ru +cauh, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ate</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />aok</span> xrip <span class="nowrap">ru<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a</span> chuvach chee lama <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ak</span> vi. Ok xtiquer +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xahoh ruma ronohel ahlabal, xavi <span class="nowrap">Tol<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />om</span> rubi bix. Xquixah ok +xtiquer <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span><span class='pagenuml'><a name="Page_104" id="Page_104">[104]</a></span> <span class="nowrap">ru<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />akic;</span> maqui <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> hari <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />haa</span> tel pa <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />am,</span> xahari +nahtik çimah chee <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />akbex</span> chuvi huyu <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />akba<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ulu</span> <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />akvi</span> xbe na +qui <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />haa</span> conohel. <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ate</span> ok xbe ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ha</span> ri kamama <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />avitz,</span> cani +<span class="nowrap">xi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />o</span> chupam huyu hari Chee <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ulu</span> rubi, <span class="nowrap">xu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />akbeh</span> <span class="nowrap">Tol<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />om:</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />aha</span> +xcamiçan he <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ari</span> conohel ahlabal, halatak oc qui <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ha,</span> xoc chinaht +xqui <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ak</span> vi. Quere ri vinak ok xcam <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />iy</span> ru <span class="nowrap">qui<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />el</span> xel chirih che +lama: ok xpeh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />iz</span> çipax chuvach ronohel vuk <span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> ahlabal, +xquiyax, <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />atohix</span> rucamic haok <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ahar</span> ri uchum, <span class="nowrap">ti<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />o</span> huhun huna, +xati ban vaim <span class="nowrap">u<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />aam,</span> xa que <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />habin</span> <span class="nowrap">a<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />uala</span> xa tunay chic ru +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />exevach</span> tiqui <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ak,</span> bila <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> tux ri <span class="nowrap">Tol<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />om,</span> quecha ka mama oher, +<span class="nowrap">yxka<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol.</span> <span class="nowrap">Quere<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap">xka<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />am</span> viki ri <span class="nowrap">ru<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />in</span> <span class="nowrap">Ço<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />il</span> Tukuche ruma +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ru puz ru naval, ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />al,</span> ru tepeval; xelahibex vi ru vach ka +tata ka mama oh Cakchiquel vinak, mani <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hacat</span> ahinak vi ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ih</span> +ralaxic e oher ka mama.</td> + <td class="parallelr"><a href="#note37">37.</a> Then began the execution of Tolgom. He arrayed himself and +entered suddenly. His arms were extended in front of a tree, to be +shot with arrows. A dance was begun by all the warriors, while +Tolgom began his song. They still danced, when they commenced to +shoot their arrows. But not one of the arrows reached the cord; +for<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_105" id="Page_105">[105]</a></span> it was far to the tree where he was shot at, on the hill +Qakbatzulu, where they shot at him and where all the arrows fell. +At length the arrow of our ancestor Gagavitz was discharged. It +passed rapidly over the place named Cheetzulu, and pierced Tolgom. +All the warriors then slew him, some arrows piercing, him from near +and others from afar. The man being thus killed, a great stream of +blood came forth behind the tree. His body was cut in pieces and +divided among all the seven towns. This gift and this sacrifice of +his death were what founded the festival of (the month) Uchum. At +that festival all were equal; there was eating and drinking; little +children were killed by being shot with arrows, their heads being +adorned with elder flowers, as his substitute, as if they were +Tolgom, as say our fathers of yore, oh my children. In this manner +we obtained power with the Zotzil Tukuches, by knowledge and occult +science, by power and majesty; thus did our fathers and ancestors, +we the Cakchiquels, lift our heads above others, nor our ancestors +lower their glory and their birth.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text38" id="text38"></a><a href="#note38">38.</a> Ok xepe <span class="nowrap">chi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chiri chu vi huyu <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />akba<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ulu,</span> xutzak ka <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hakap</span> +<span class="nowrap">Tol<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />om</span> chupam choy: ok <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ahar</span> can ri tzam tzakbal <span class="nowrap">Tol<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />om.</span> Ok xe +cha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap">koy<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />o</span> chupam ree choy, <span class="nowrap">xa<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ahilam <span class="nowrap">xi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />o</span> xquixibih qui +conohel ok xquituc rupam ree choy. Chiri xetzako vi quij pan pati payan +chocol ru bi, quetabal quinaual; chila xe el vi beleh tulul, ha ri pa +Chitulul. Ok xtiquer <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ovic</span> pa choy ronohel ahlabal, xavi +xambey chic xbe ri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />avitz,</span> hun <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> rana Chetehauh ru bi. <span class="nowrap">X<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ohe</span> +can chiri xetzako vi qui ha ri tzam <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />abouil</span> Abah ru bi. Vacami tok xbe +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ari</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />avitz,</span> kitzih tixibin ok xebe pa ya <span class="nowrap">Çu<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />u</span> cumatz +xuhalibeh: <span class="nowrap">cani<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ekumar</span> ru vi ya, canix pa e <span class="nowrap">ca<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ik,</span> cakçut cum +chuvi ya, <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />iz</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ru tuc<span class='pagenuml'><a name="Page_106" id="Page_106">[106]</a></span> ru pam choy. <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oh</span> xraho, xukaçah tah ru +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ih</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />utuhile</span> xraho: xu <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />et</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ronohel vuk <span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> tok xel <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> +apon chi ya, <span class="nowrap">e<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />o</span> vi xcha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chire xeboço <span class="nowrap">Ah<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />iquinahayi:</span> Mian +xkatuc rupam ka choy ka palouh, at ka nimal, <span class="nowrap">hu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />am</span> a choy, <span class="nowrap">hu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />aam</span> +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> a <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />uz<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />um,</span> avokok, a tap, a car, tux, xucheex; <span class="nowrap">xu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />uluba</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a:</span> +Utzan, at <span class="nowrap">nucha<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hakap</span> a choy, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hakap</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> a <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />uz<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />um,</span> a +vokok, a tap, a car, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hakap</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> a <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hupup,</span> a raxah tux, xa xere +<span class="nowrap">mixa<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />aba</span> vinak <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oh</span> ti camiçan chupam chachux, xcha <span class="nowrap">Ah<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />iquinahay</span> +chire. Xepe chic, xepaxin chic qui, xavi tzolih chipe, xrah <span class="nowrap">y<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />o</span> ru +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ama</span> rana; mani <span class="nowrap">chi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />amom</span> ruma <span class="nowrap">ni<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ah</span> coon, mani chic rana +xelpe, mani chic tuna. Xcha: ba xcha vi vana, nak mix <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />amo?</span> Kitzih ti +be nu canoh ti vil na xchax be labal chic <span class="nowrap">ru<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ux.</span> Xe vikon, kitzih +tixibin ok xebe canoy rana: <span class="nowrap">cani<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xuxibih ri <span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />utuhile,</span> xcha +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xapon: Nak <span class="nowrap">mix<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />amo</span> pe vana xachi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ulu</span> labal chic nu <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ux?</span> Xcha +chire <span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />utuhile</span> cooni <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ununaa.</span> <span class="nowrap">Cani<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ha <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hao</span> ri +<span class="nowrap">Ah<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />iquinahay</span> chirichin: At ahauh, at <span class="nowrap">nucha<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span> nu nimal, xa vave +tuban vi a vana, mixkahach ka choy, <span class="nowrap">hu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />aam</span> a choy, <span class="nowrap">hu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />aam</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> nu +choy tux, xcha, he pokon xe runa ri ahlabal, xa cha xelah ri +<span class="nowrap">Ah<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />iquinahay.</span> Xcha chi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ri ka mama <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />avitz:</span> Nak ruma tiqui +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />am</span> pe vana utz <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap">xti<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ohe</span> can <span class="nowrap">ru<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />in</span> <span class="nowrap">ni<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ah</span> coon; xax ti +<span class="nowrap">va<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />axah</span> atzih, at <span class="nowrap">nucha<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span> qui ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hac</span> pe ri <span class="nowrap">ni<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ah</span> coon, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oh</span> ta +xtinuban chire. Xcha chi xa e <span class="nowrap">Ah<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />iquinahayi.</span> <span class="nowrap">Quere<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ruhachic choy +ri queçha ka mama, quere navipe <span class="nowrap">kacha<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> kanimal vi ki ri <span class="nowrap">ru<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />in</span> +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />utuhile;</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oh</span> <span class="nowrap">chi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> maqui xtikoqueçah. <span class="nowrap">Xey<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />o</span> vi, xemeho vi e +nabey ka tata ka mama ri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />avitz,</span> Çactecauh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ekum</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> +chi <span class="nowrap">a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a</span> ok: ok xquiban ree, mehaok tiçaker, quecha, <span class="nowrap">xa<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_108" id="Page_108">[108]</a></span> halachic +matiçaker chiri. Xeapon <span class="nowrap">chi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chuvi huyu <span class="nowrap">Pul<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />h,</span> chiri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> +xetak viel.</td> + <td class="parallelr"><a href="#note38">38.</a> When they were on the hill Qakbatzulu, they threw a part of the +body of Tolgom into the lake. Thus began the festival of “throwing +the nose of Tolgom.” Then, it is said, there was heard a noise in +the waters, and at its passage all were terrified when there were +these movements in the waters of the lake. Many on these occasions +assembled at the spot called “the common baths” (Payanchocol). They +practiced many magic arts. Nine zapotes were found at the spot +called Chitulul. At that time the warriors began their passage over +the lake. Gagavitz followed them with his sister, named Chetehauh. +They established themselves, and settled on the point called after +the god Abah. A little while after the arrival of Gagavitz, truly a +fearful thing took place when he entered the water, having changed +himself into Zutzucumatz. It suddenly darkened on the water, a wind +rose, and a white cloud rested on the surface, making a circuit of +the water in the lake. They desired to remain there; but it was +first necessary to reduce the power of the<span class='pagenuml'><a name="Page_107" id="Page_107">[107]</a></span> Tzutuhils. All the +seven nations looked about and then descended to the water. Those +who were there then said to the children of the Ahtziquinahay: “We +have scarcely made the circuit of this lake of ours, this sea, oh +my brother. But let one-half of the lake be yours, and one-half of +the fruits, of the wild geese, of the crabs, of the fish.” Thus he +spoke, and the others took counsel: “It is well my brother, that +the half of the lake be ours, and a half of thy fruits, of thy wild +geese, of thy crabs, of thy fish, a half of thy acorns, and a half +of thy bananas be ours, and of all living things you kill in or +below the waters.” Thus did the Ahtziquinahay reply to them. Then +they separated and went away, but soon returned, desiring to obtain +wives, for none of them were married, owing to the absence of +women; neither their mothers nor sisters having accompanied them. +They said: “Where speaks my girl? Whom shall I take as wife? Truly, +let us go forth and seek where there is said to be a war for +hearts.” They put on their armor, and were really terrible when +they went forth in search of women. The Tzutuhils were frightened, +and to them the Cakchiquels said: “Whom shall I take for my woman? +Who has declared war against my heart?” So they spoke to the +Tzutuhil people, to the women of Tzununa. Thereupon the +Ahtziquinahay spoke to them: “My lord, my brother, my elder, here +indeed is thy maiden. You have divided with us the waters; half of +the lake is thine, half is ours.” Thus he spoke, and his warriors +were afflicted at his words, when the Ahtziquinahay spoke thus in +conclusion. Then Gagavitz, our ancestor, said: “Who of you comes to +take wives? It were well that you remain with the organs of women. +But I hear thy words, oh my brother; their victory is by the organs +of their women. Remaining, I shall do this.” Thus he spoke to the +Ahtziquinahays. In this manner, say our elders, the lake was +divided, and in this manner our brother and elder remained with the +Tzutuhils. None other of ours remained. Our first fathers and +ancestors, Gagavitz and Zactecauh, passed on, and went back to the<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_109" id="Page_109">[109]</a></span> +darkness and the night. At that time their dawn had not yet come; +but not long after they did this it began to shine. They went upon +the mountain Pulchich, and thence they set out.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parheadl"><i>Qui çakeribal vae.</i></td> + <td class="parheadr"><i>This Is Their Day-Breaking.</i></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text39" id="text39"></a><a href="#note39">39.</a> Nabey, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xepe <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ekaquch,</span> <span class="nowrap">Ba<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />akol,</span> Cibakihay, Cavek xetak pe. +Quixnabeyah, yxnuhay nu chinamit, tibana apon, <span class="nowrap">ka<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ak</span> kibah, xa hala +chic ma tiçaker, vhix, xeucheex, xepe <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xeul chiri pa çakeribal, +Pantzic, Paraxone, Çinahihay, Paçibakul, Pacavek Quehil rubi huyu; +xeçaker vi, xtiquer <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> rubanic <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ak</span> cuma, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ulbal</span> richin cahpop +Nimahay rubi. Nabey <span class="nowrap">qui<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ak</span> he <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> nabey xeul ri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ekaqueh,</span> +Cibakihay, Cavek, xambey chic xul ri <span class="nowrap">Ba<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol,</span> xtiquerinak <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ak</span> xul: +xcha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ok xul ri <span class="nowrap">Ba<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol</span> chire <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ekaquch:</span> Yn yn ahpop, quin a +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ulu,</span> xcha chi re <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ekaquch.</span> Ok xul xrah ru <span class="nowrap">hi<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />uh,</span> ah popol, +xucheex <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> cuma: Maqui atat kah pop, ma hatul kah pop, xecha chire. +Tok xrelahih <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> abah <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />uval,</span> xcha: Tin ya chivichin ree <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />uval</span> cah +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a</span> rakan, tuvic rakan, yn yvahpop, xcha. Maqui xahox chire. Tok +xtiquer <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chubanic ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ak,</span> xutzin yantah <span class="nowrap">ru<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ak</span> xraho ahpopol +tantu <span class="nowrap">hi<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />uh</span> chire. Ok xtak <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ape</span> chuluc balam yohol <span class="nowrap">ru<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ak</span> ruma +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />avitz,</span> ytzel chic <span class="nowrap">ru<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ux</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />avitz</span> <span class="nowrap">Ba<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol</span> tan tiraho +ahpopol. <span class="nowrap">Quere<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xul yoh vi ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ak</span> ri ruma chicop chuluc balam, tok +xpe <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />avitz</span> chuvi huyu Puhuhil, Paraxone xahun chi raxon ru +halebal; tok xpeul, ok xul Pantzic Paraxone, çakerinak chic.</td> + <td class="parallelr"><a href="#note39">39.</a> The first who went forth were Gekaquch, Baqahol, Cibakihay and +Cavek, who came together. You were the first, oh my house, oh my +tribe, to bring about our day-breaking, our ancient nation, some +time before the dawn. “Go forth,” was said to them. Then they came +to the place where their dawn was to be, to the mountains named +Pantzic, Paraxone, Cinahihay, Pacibakul, and Pa Cavek and Quehil. +There their dawn appeared, there they built houses, there took +place the marriage of their chief named Nimahay. The first who +built houses were those who came first, the Gekaquch, the Cibakihay +and the Cavek. The last who arrived was Baqahol, and they had +already commenced to build when he arrived. After he had come, +Baqahol said to Gekaquch: “I, I am king, I received you.” So said +he to Gekaquch. At his arrival he had ardently desired the +leadership. The others answered him: “Thou! no, thou art not our +king; we do not wish you to be our king.” So said they to him. Then +he showed them a precious stone and said: “I will give you this +precious stone carved with four feet, and hands and toes, if I am +your chief.” So he said. But that suited them not. Then he began to +build himself a stronghold, and in a little while the labor was +completed, for he ardently desired power and coveted it. For this +reason his constructions were destroyed by the Chuluc Balam sent by +Gagavitz, because Gagavitz liked it not that Baqahol desired the +leadership. Therefore the constructions were destroyed by the +animals Chuluc Balam when Gagavitz came to the places called +Puhuhil and Paraxone, each of which was clothed with changing +green. After that he arrived on Pantzic and Paraxone, and on his +arrival the day-breaking took place.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><span class='pagenuml'><a name="Page_110" id="Page_110">[110]</a></span><a name="text40" id="text40"></a><a href="#note40">40.</a> Elenak chi pe <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ih,</span> quecha e oher tata mama, xul <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chiri pa +çakeribal, he <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> banoninak chic rutee runam ri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ekaquch,</span> Cibakihay, +Cavek, Ahquehay; maqui utz tuna chiri <span class="nowrap">Ba<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol,</span> <span class="nowrap">xu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hih</span> chi oc ri chi +tee, chi nam ok <span class="nowrap">xqui<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ul</span> cahpop; <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />il</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> el xucheex: maqui quina +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ul,</span> at <span class="nowrap">Ba<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol,</span> hari mixacha, yn ahpop cacha, mixavelahih <span class="nowrap">a<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />uval</span> +chiqui vach he tee e nam, ahpop <span class="nowrap">Ba<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol</span><a name="corr14" id="corr14"></a> ma xa tucheex tava, +maqui at nutee at nunam, xucheex, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xax cha chic <span class="nowrap">xu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />uluba:</span> Mani +chic xubijh, Yn atee yn anam. At vah pop, xa xcha chic, xa xu <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hih</span> +chic rij.</td> + <td class="parallelr"><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_111" id="Page_111">[111]</a></span><a href="#note40">40.</a> The sun had already risen, said our fathers and ancestors of +old; the dawn had appeared, when were formed the families of +Gekaquch, Cibakihay, Cavek and Ahquehay. Baqahol had not been well +received, as he had forced the families to accept him as their +ruler. When he forced them to this, they said: “I shall not go +forth to meet you, Baqahol. Do you not come to say: ‘I am the +chief, I say it?’ And do you not come to show your precious stone +to the eyes of the families? Have you not called <a name="corr15" id="corr15"></a><ins class="correction" title="yourself">youself</ins> the +Counselor Baqahol? And have you not called yourself the head of our +house?” Thus they spoke; but those who were with him answered: “No +one has said, ‘I am the head of your house.’” “Be thou our ruler,” +they cried, and thus he succeeded.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text41" id="text41"></a><a href="#note41">41.</a> Cani <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ax</span> quetah cahpop chi ahauarem, xcukubax chuvi ru tem ru +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hacat,</span> cani xatiniçax chupam atinibal çel, cucu; cani xya pa <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ul</span> +pan paz, pa cuçul, pa <span class="nowrap">ta<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />h</span> vi, xoc <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ru titil, ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />aha</span> abah, ru +xak, ru caka uleuh, <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />iz</span> oc rahauarem vach, cuma ruhay ru chinamit, +quecha y mama <span class="nowrap">yxnu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol.</span> <span class="nowrap">Quere<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> tee nam vi chinamit ri huma ohoh +ahpop; Xavi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> quere tantuban ronohel ahlabal chupam he ru çakeribal, +xavi tantetax rahauarem ruma ru hay ru chinamit. Xamulumuxinak chic +chupam ruçakeribal; <span class="nowrap">ox<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hob</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chi <span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> xçaker chiri, <span class="nowrap">Ço<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />il</span> +vinak, Cakchiquel vinak, Tukuchee vinak; Ahkahal xahalatak ru cohol +huyu, xe çaker viri <span class="nowrap">ox<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hob</span> chi <span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />.</span> Chuvi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> huyu Tohohil xçaker +vi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />eche</span> vinak, chuvi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> huyu Çamaneb xçaker vi Rabinale; ahiri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> +xrah çaker vi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />utuhile</span> pa <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ala;</span> xa maha tutzin ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ak</span> tok xçaker +cuma ruchinamit. Maqui <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xmecho chic chiri pa <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ala,</span> <span class="nowrap">xaxi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />o</span> chic +chicah, chiri chuvi huyu chi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />eletat,</span> çaktihaxic, xtzakovi el ri, cani +xapon chila Xepoyom. Cani xe rucanah rahlabal ruchinamit, maqui xbanatah +xuban,<span class='pagenuml'><a name="Page_112" id="Page_112">[112]</a></span> cani tah <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ula</span> <span class="nowrap">xula<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />abeh</span> ru chi choy xraho; cani xemacamo +ruchinamit ok <span class="nowrap">xi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />o</span> chi cah <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />u<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ucot,</span> ru halebal, xati vi nin chic +<span class="nowrap">ro<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ebal</span> <span class="nowrap">xi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />o</span> chi cah xe <span class="nowrap">a<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />axah</span> ru chinamit. <span class="nowrap">Quere<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ohe</span> +vican cooni <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ununaa,</span> Tzololaa, Ahacheli, Vayça; rixcote can chi ya ru +chinamit <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hakap</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xbe <span class="nowrap">ru<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />in.</span></td> + <td class="parallelr"><a href="#note41">41.</a> Immediately they gave him, as their chief, the signs of +royalty. They seated him on the seat and royal throne. They washed +him in the bath, the painted vessel. They clothed him with the +robe, the girdle and green ornaments. He received the colors, the +yellow stone, the paint, the red earth, and thus he obtained the +signs of royalty from the other families and tribes, as said our +ancestors, oh my children. Thus was constituted the family by us +the ahpop; all the warriors did likewise in the place of their +dawn; thus was established the royalty by the families and tribes. +They became more numerous in the place where their dawn had +appeared. Three tribes of our nation had seen the dawn appear, the +Zotzils, the Cakchiquels and the Tukuches. As to the Akahals they +were but a little distance from the place when the dawn appeared to +the three nations. At the spot called Tohohil the Quiches saw their +dawn, and those of Rabinal saw it shine at the spot Zamaneb, and +the Tzutuhils sought to see their dawn at Tzala. But their labors +had not been completed by this tribe when the sun arose. They had +not as yet finished drawing their lines in Tzala when it rose in +the sky, precisely above the place Geletat. It continued to spread +its light along its course, and at last set at the place called<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_113" id="Page_113">[113]</a></span> +Xepoyom. Immediately the warriors quit those places without +finishing their labors, and they all agreed to go and dwell on the +borders of the lake. At that time the tribes were filled with +terror when the eagle with green plumage passed through the sky, +Gucucot, the enchanter, and sadness covered the tribes like a +shadow when they heard him pass in the sky. Thus he appeared to the +women of Tzununa, of Tzolola, of Ahachel and of Vayza. He soared +above the shore and half the people went with him.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parheadl"><i>Va <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ru pokonal quitzihe ok <span class="nowrap">xe<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ohe</span> chiri.</i></td> + <td class="parheadr"><i>The Sufferings That They Endured During Their Sojourn Here.</i></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text42" id="text42"></a><a href="#note42">42.</a> Kitzih vi chi pokon ok ix ka <span class="nowrap">la<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />abeh</span> xohul chi ka huyubal, quecha +e oher ka mama, yx <span class="nowrap">nu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol;</span> xmani vi tipe vi techaax ti <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ux</span> ti vayx +<span class="nowrap">tu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />aax,</span> mani navipe tipe vi ti <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />uux</span> ti chinax. Ronohel mani, xa ru +hometal chee xoh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />açevi,</span> xa <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ti ka çek ru xe ka <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hamey</span> ti cuker +vi ka <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ux</span> ruma. Ha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ri ok xtiquer avanuhic, xahari <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ukutahinak</span> +vi chee <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />atinak</span> xya vika yhatz, <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ohe</span> vi halatak echa, ha navipe ri +ka <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />u,</span> xa rihlay, xa çakquiy xka <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hay</span> <span class="nowrap">xka<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />uuh.</span> <span class="nowrap">Ha<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ri ok +<span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ohe</span> halal echa, <span class="nowrap">ti<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />o</span> na ri chicop queh chicah titzak nape +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hicuy,</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ate</span> tikatih halal vay, quecha oher vinak, mani navipe +quixhayil ok xeul chiri.</td> + <td class="parallelr"><a href="#note42">42.</a> Truly it was a time of suffering when we came to establish +ourselves in our places, said our ancestors of old, oh my children. +There was nothing to eat and there was no relish for what had been +brought along, nor was there material for clothing. All was +lacking; we lived on the bark of trees and we rested our hearts +under the shadow of our lances. At that time the people began to +prepare the soil for the planting of corn; the woods were cleared +and the brush burned, to prepare for the planting. Thus we came to +have a little to eat, and we worked in the bark of trees and the +maguey. When there was still some food the vultures passed in the +air. At first they took a bird; then they ate some of our food, say +the people; but none of them remained when they came.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parheadl"><i>Qui <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ambal</span> yxok vae.</i></td> + <td class="parheadr"><i>They Took Wives.</i></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text43" id="text43"></a><a href="#note43">43.</a> Tukuchee xpe vi ri xhayil ri ka mama <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />avitz,</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />omakaa</span> rubi +nabey ka tit ri xoh boço, oh Xahila; <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />i</span> <span class="nowrap">xe<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ule</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> kitzih: <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chi +nim qui xahan chire <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ulubic;</span> chi xatini <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahar</span> qui ni <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahal</span> toc, ba +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />at</span> ru xe ki hatz; xahan ri <span class="nowrap">ti<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />iz</span> oc <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />i</span> quecha, xahan navipe camul +tiban,<span class='pagenuml'><a name="Page_114" id="Page_114">[114]</a></span> tixhaylax ha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hac</span> virih ruvach talqualax, quecha oher vinak.</td> + <td class="parallelr"><a href="#note43">43.</a> The Tukuches having arrived and settled, our ancestor Gagavitz +married Gomakaa, our first ancestress, who brought us forth—us, +the Xahila. Many others also married; for there had been a +stringent prohibition with regard to marriage; so that when they +went in to bathe, their organs gave way and they spilled their +seed. Many were thus prohibited, it is said, and the prohibition +was made a second time, because they had carnal rela<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_115" id="Page_115">[115]</a></span>tions both +naturally and unnaturally, as the old traditions say.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text44" id="text44"></a><a href="#note44">44.</a> <span class="nowrap">Ha<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ri tok xtiquer rutzukic <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />axto<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />,</span> xahu vuk chi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ih,</span> +<span class="nowrap">xa<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> oxlahuh chi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ih</span> ti tzukbex ri, xa navipe rax <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ol</span> rax ru +vachah, rax hox, rax homet, xa <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ral chicop mez retal <span class="nowrap">a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a</span> <span class="nowrap">ti<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />at</span> +chuvach, xa <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> hari chee holom ocox tiqui <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />izbeh</span> qui xiquin; maqui +na nim ru vach ti tzukbex richin ri chay abah oher, quecha <span class="nowrap">xa<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xnimar +ruvach tzukbal re <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />axto<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />,</span> xa xnimar na ruvach çak <span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />.</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ate</span> ok +xoc ri nimak ru vach, quecha oher tata mama, ri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />avitz,</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> nakah +ok <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> que ul chiri Pantzic, Paraxone, Çimahihay, <span class="nowrap">Paçiba<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ul,</span> Pacavek +quehil.</td> + <td class="parallelr"><a href="#note44">44.</a> Then also they began to adore the Demon. On each seventh and +thirteenth day an offering was made to him of fresh resin, and +freshly gathered green branches and new bark; and also of a cat, +the image of night, which were burned before him. To these were +added thorns of the gourd tree with which they drew blood from +their ears. They had not yet began the worship of the great idol of +the ancient Chay Abah. It is said that the worship of the Demon +increased with the face of our prosperity. Afterwards the principal +idols were set up, as said of yore our father and ancestor +Gagavitz, at the time they approached Pantzic, Paraxone, Cinahihay, +Pacibaqul, Pacavek and Quehil.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text45" id="text45"></a>45. Tok <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />utun</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahun</span> quilabal Ahcupilcat, Ah Canalakam quibi, bala +xpevi, ok xquiyal <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ruvach huyu, xoc vi balbaxin chee, <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />haybex</span> +quichin Ah Cupilcat, xeoc na apon chiri labal quitakom <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />iy</span> chubinem, +tox xpe <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ri balbaxin chee chuvach huyu, xeyaar <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chi camic ri Ah +Cupilcat, Ah Canalakam, ruma ka mama. Chiri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xquiban vi pa ru +çakeribal <span class="nowrap">Ba<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol;</span> tok <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ahar</span> can ru bi huyu, Yalabey, Çimahihay, +Motzoray tucheex; xa <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> e cay <span class="nowrap">xe<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />açe,</span> quecha; hun <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xbe <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />eche</span> +ri Ahcupilcat, ha ki xtihbex <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />holoh</span> chiri.</td> + <td class="parallelr">45. At that time some of the natives of the places called Cupilcat +and Canalakam, offered combat when they (the Cak.) had arrived +before their city. Withdrawing from before the city (our men) +entered a very dense woods where those of Cupilcat were destroyed. +Others arrived at the spot to continue the battle, and some calling +to others, they entered the dense woods, before their city, and +then these men of Cupilcat and Canalakam were destroyed by our +ancestor. There the family of Baqahol began its fame, and the name +of the place became celebrated. Cimahihay and Motzoray, the only +two said to have survived, abandoned the place; and another from +Cupilcat came to Quiche and there met his death.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text46" id="text46"></a><a href="#note46">46.</a> Xepe <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chiri Pantzic, Paraxone, xqui toloba can ri, xeul chic Pan +che <span class="nowrap">Chi<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ohom</span> ru bi, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chiri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xquitih vi halal qui pokob, ka +chunah rupam ree chee <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />i</span> quecha chirichin chee, xa orocom rupam chee +xqui chunah, <span class="nowrap">xa<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> rachak chicop cot balam, xqui chunabeh rupam chee. +Ok <span class="nowrap">xla<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />abex</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a,</span> xya chupam ri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />axto<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />,</span><span class='pagenuml'><a name="Page_116" id="Page_116">[116]</a></span> Chay Abah, <span class="nowrap">xa<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chicop +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />el,</span> <span class="nowrap">cuyu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />h</span> xulabalibeh rochoch ri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />axto<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" /></span> cuma: <span class="nowrap">quere<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> +xubinaah vi pan che <span class="nowrap">Chi<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ohom</span> ri xe yaloh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chiri, <span class="nowrap">xa<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> e cay +<span class="nowrap">xeru<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />aholah</span> ri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />avitz,</span> Caynoh rubi hun, <span class="nowrap">Cayba<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" /></span> rubi hunchic, +e cay chi achi.</td> + <td class="parallelr"><a href="#note46">46.</a> Having abandoned Pantzic and Paraxone they arrived at the +forest called Chiqohom, and there suffered some deprivations. But +they made dwellings in the trees, each choosing a tree and +whitewashing its interior with lime obtained from the excrements of +eagles and tigers. When they were settled there, they set up the +idols of the Demon and Chay Abah; and in the house<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_117" id="Page_117">[117]</a></span> of the Demon +were placed parroquets and parrots. Therefore they called that +place Chiqohom. After having lived there awhile, Gagavitz begat two +infants, the first named Caynoh, the second Caybatz, both boys.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text47" id="text47"></a><a href="#note47">47.</a> Xcam <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ri ahauh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />avitz,</span> ri ki xpe pa Tulan, ki <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> e +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hutik</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahola</span> ri ka mama Caynoh, <span class="nowrap">Cayba<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />,</span> ok xcam qui tata, xavi +chiri xemuke vi can, chupam qui çakeribal Paraxone.</td> + <td class="parallelr"><a href="#note47">47.</a> At that time the king Gagavitz died, the same who came from +Tulan; his children, our ancestors, Caynoh and Caybatz, were still +very young when their father died. They buried him in the same +place where their dawn appeared, in Paraxone.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text48" id="text48"></a>48. Bala <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xeye vi e cay chiachi, xeul chiri quecha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ok xeul +chiqui chin <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ekaquch,</span> <span class="nowrap">Ba<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol,</span> Cibakihay: Mixoh ul, yxkatee, +yxkanam, oh vae oh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />alel</span> Xahil, ahuchan Xahil kohucheex, oh y <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />alel,</span> +oh yvahpop. <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />i</span> quecha ok xeul, mani <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> natal xepe vi vue pe he ret +ri Çactecauh, ri xcam can chupam çivan <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hopiytzel;</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />i</span> xe cha chic e +ka tata e ka mama, <span class="nowrap">yxnu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol.</span></td> + <td class="parallelr">48. Thus were the two boys left. Then Gekaquch, Baqahol and +Cibakihay arriving, said to them: “We have come; we are your +mothers and sisters; we are here, we the Galel Xahil and the +Ahuchan Xahil, as we are called; we are your Galel; we are your +Ahpop.” Thus many of them came and spoke, not remembering the sign +of Zactecauh, who had died in the ravine of Qhopiytzel. Thus spoke +many of our fathers and ancestors, oh my children.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text49" id="text49"></a><a href="#note49">49.</a> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />i</span> nabey <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ar</span> Tepeuh, rahaual Cauke. Cuztum <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hixnal</span> +ru bi huyu; xban vi ti xibin ru naual ri Tepeuh, tibirbot huyu <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />o</span> vi, +xpatanih <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ronohel <span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> chuvach Tepeuh.</td> + <td class="parallelr"><a href="#note49">49.</a> The first who ruled with glory was Tepeuh, the king of Cauke. +Cuztum and Chixnal were the names of his strongholds. The magic +power of Tepeuh inspired terror, he caused the mountain to tremble +where he lived, and all the tribes paid tribute to Tepeuh.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text50" id="text50"></a>50. He <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />alel</span> Xahil ahucham Xahil xtakex quitzih ruma +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ekaquch</span> <span class="nowrap">Ba<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol:</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />i</span> xecha ri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />alel</span> Xahil ahuchan Xahil; Que be +tah ru nabey ka patan ri Caynoh, <span class="nowrap">Cayba<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />,</span> oh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oh</span> oh yvahpop, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />i</span> +xecha chique chinamit, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />i</span> xtakex <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> quitzih ruma chinamit.</td> + <td class="parallelr">50. Now these Galel Xahil and Ahuchan Xahil caused these words to +be carried by Gekaquch and Baquhol: “The Galel Xahil and Ahuchan +Xahil say thus, ‘Let Caynoh and Caybatz go forth first as our +tribute, for as for us, we are the rulers.’” So said they to the +clans. And the boys were sent with the message for the clans.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parheadl"><span class='pagenuml'><a name="Page_118" id="Page_118">[118]</a></span><i>Qui benebal vae <span class="nowrap">ru<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />in</span> Tepeuh.</i></td> + <td class="parheadr"><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_119" id="Page_119">[119]</a></span><i>Their Interview With Tepeuh.</i></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text51" id="text51"></a>51. Xebe <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ri ka mama Caynoh, <span class="nowrap">Cayba<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" /></span> <span class="nowrap">ru<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />in</span> Tepeuh, he <span class="nowrap">hu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />içic</span> +xebe, xax quiyonih chicam ri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />alel</span> Xahil, Ahuchan Xahil; xeapon <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> +<span class="nowrap">ru<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />in</span> Tepeuh. Chinak qui xux, xeucheex ruma Tepeuh oh ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol</span> +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />avitz,</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />i</span> xecha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ari</span> Caynoh, <span class="nowrap">Cayba<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />;</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />i</span> xmacamo <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> +Tepeuh, ok <span class="nowrap">xra<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />axah</span> quitzih, <span class="nowrap">quere<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap">xe<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />açe</span> vi ri ruma Tepeuh he +ta camel ok xebe <span class="nowrap">ru<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />in.</span></td> + <td class="parallelr">51. Our ancestors Caynoh and Caybatz came to Tepeuh. They entered +alone while the Galel Xahil and Ahucham Xahil remained alone +<a name="corr16" id="corr16"></a><ins class="correction" title="without.">without,</ins> When they reached the presence of Tepeuh: “Who are +you?” was said to them by Tepeuh. “We are the sons of Gagavitz,” +replied Caynoh and <a name="corr17" id="corr17"></a><ins class="correction" title="Caybatz.">Caybatz.”</ins> Tepeuh marveled greatly when he +heard their words: therefore they were strengthened by Tepeuh as +theywere humble before him.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text52" id="text52"></a><a href="#note52">52.</a> Tok xetak <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />amoh</span> patan rumal Tepeuh, xe be <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />amo</span> ru patan +<span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />.</span> Mani <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xe cam vi chuvi tak <span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> chi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />amoh</span> patan; kitzih +chi ronohel tixibin qui puz qui naval ri Caynoh <span class="nowrap">Cayba<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />;</span> tihulhut que +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ohe</span> vi <span class="nowrap">cha<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a</span> quere ri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span> tibirbot <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> quere ri Cabrakan; qui +<span class="nowrap">quere<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> tu xibih vi ri <span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> ri, ok que apon chuvi tak <span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span> +ronohel <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xya chique rumal <span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span> qui <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ambal</span> patan. Chila <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> +relebal <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ih,</span> xpuvakix vi pe qui xet, puvak, <span class="nowrap">ba<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />bal</span> qui xet xux, +rumal <span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> qui <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ambal</span> patan; xnimax quitzih, quere xae ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol</span> +Tepeuh xux ruma ri xbanatah xqiban, kitzih <span class="nowrap">elo<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> xeux ruma.</td> + <td class="parallelr"><a href="#note52">52.</a> They were then sent by Tepeuh to collect the tribute, and they +went forth to take the tribute from the tribes. No one of the many +people died while they were taking the tribute. Truly all feared +the magic power and wisdom of Caynoh and Caybatz. Where they were +at night it shone like fire, and there was trembling as of an +earthquake. Therefore all the people were in fear when they came +among them, and they were given all things by the people when they +came to take tribute. Quite to the far East they were paid what +they demanded, precious metals and spun stuff as they demanded, by +the tribes from whom they took tribute. Mighty were their words. +Therefore by these actions they became the sons of Tepeuh, and by +them truly they became illustrious.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parheadl"><i>Ri yabal quixhayl vae.</i></td> + <td class="parheadr"><i>They Are Given Women.</i></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text53" id="text53"></a>53. Xebe <span class="nowrap">chi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> e <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />amol</span> patan chi <span class="nowrap">Ah<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />iquinahay,</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />i</span> xerihix <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> +chi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />aholal</span> kamama. Chila <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chi <span class="nowrap">Ah<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />iquinahay</span> xbeya vipe +quixhail, <span class="nowrap">xa<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> quixet xrayix, puak <span class="nowrap">ba<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />bem</span> quixet. Ok xe apon <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />i</span> +<span class="nowrap">xcha<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap">Ah<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />iquinahay:</span> quekahiah ree ru çamahal Tepeuh, kitzih +tixibin qui naval; kaya quixhayil, ka <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ama</span> can qui xet; xecha, maqui +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xel qui chi ahaua chique Caynoh, <span class="nowrap">Cayba<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />;</span> xquixibih qui <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oh</span> +cuxla xquina <span class="nowrap">xa<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xbe <span class="nowrap">ele<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />axel</span><span class='pagenuml'><a name="Page_120" id="Page_120">[120]</a></span> quixet <span class="nowrap">cha<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a,</span> cuma quimeal ahaua; +xa <span class="nowrap">ele<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />al</span> xbe çelel quixet tan quevar; ha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> quimeal ahaua hun +<span class="nowrap">Çun<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />un<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />anel</span> Mayahauh, Puci ahauh <span class="nowrap">xequi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />am</span> ri Caynoh, <span class="nowrap">Cayba<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" /></span> qui +bi quixhail vae <span class="nowrap">Buba<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />o</span> ru bi hun, Ycxiuh rubi hunchic. Mani chi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> +quixet xquina ri ka mama xe macamo, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />i</span> xe cha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a:</span> Mixoh y <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />alaba,</span> +at <span class="nowrap">Ah<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />iquinahay,</span> xtoyevar Tepeuh ckikih; Xecha:​—​Ba y xibih yvij, +xtika ya yvix hayil, xquixkahiah, maquina ytzel xtikaban, quixbe bijx +chire Tepeuh, xmaqui chivi xeucheex. Tok xya <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chiquichin ri +quixhail, xebe <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> bijx chire Tepeuh. Xax maqui chi vi xebe, xquixibih +qui chuvach Tepeuh, cani xquevah qui chupam pec, xeyaloh chupam pec, chi +e van ri xubinaah Pecparu pec, Caynoh tucheex.</td> + <td class="parallelr">53. At length they arrived to collect the tribute from the +Ahtziquinahay, who are also descended from our ancestor. They came +to where the Ahtziquinahay were with their women, and designating +what they desired, they designated metals and spun stuff. When they +came, the Ahtziquinahay said (among themselves): “Let us make these +messengers of Tepeuh our sons-in-law. Truly their magic power is +terrible. But we will give them women, and we will take back what +they have designated.” So they said, and none of the chiefs went<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_121" id="Page_121">[121]</a></span> +forth to Caybatz and Caynoh. These were frightened, lest some +should come during the night and the treasures they had collected +be stolen by the daughters of the chiefs. And indeed, these did +come secretly and stole the jar of treasures while (the brothers) +slept. They were the daughters of the chiefs Zunçunqun, Ganel, +Mayahauh and Puciahauh. Caynoh and Caybatz took them as wives; +Bubatzo was the name of one, Icxiuh of the other. Our ancestors not +seeing their treasure were filled with fear. They cried out: “You +have indeed, ruined us, oh ye Ahtziquinahay! Tepeuh will be angered +against us.” They answered: “Be not frightened. We shall give you +wives; you shall be our sons-in-law; we will do you no evil; you +will go speak to Tepeuh and nothing will be said to you.” Then +wives were given to them, and they went to speak with Tepeuh. But +they did not reach there, they feared to come before Tepeuh; so +they hid themselves in a cavern, and they retired into the cavern. +The place where they hid was called by Caynoh Pecparupec (a cave +within a cave).</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parheadl"><i>Canobal quichin vae.</i></td> + <td class="parheadr"><i>The Search For Them.</i></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text54" id="text54"></a>54. Tok xe canox <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ruma chinamit: Oh e ka canoh kah pop, ba tan e +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />o</span> vi, <span class="nowrap">xka<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />alabaki,</span> <span class="nowrap">xka<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />axah</span> quitzih ree xa maqui paal qui tee qui +tata, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />i</span> xechari <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ekaquch,</span> <span class="nowrap">Ba<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol,</span> Cavek, Cibakihay chique +Caynoh, <span class="nowrap">Cayba<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />.</span> Tok xe canay <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> pa pec, que cha ri canoy quichin xe +apon: Oh canoy yvichin, yxkahpop, kitzih vi tan hoye ka vach, xecha. +<span class="nowrap">Cani<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xecha ri Caynoh, <span class="nowrap">Cayba<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />;</span> Mani ko be maqui pe <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oh</span> yvahaual +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />alel</span> ahuchan, chinak la <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> tiraho chike? maqui pe oh camel xoh be +<span class="nowrap">ru<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />in</span> Tepeuh, mani <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> kobe quecam; na ri xitakeh quitzih, kobe na +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> hiquibax chi ree Tepeuh; <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ate</span> kobe; xecha, <span class="nowrap">xa<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> cani xutakeh +chinamit; cani xbe çamahel hiquibaay quichin chire Tepeuh; cani xquicot +Tepeuh tok <span class="nowrap">xra<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />axah</span><span class='pagenuml'><a name="Page_122" id="Page_122">[122]</a></span> qui tzihol, xquicot navipe Cakchequele, <span class="nowrap">Ço<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />il</span> +Tukuchee, xquicot <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap">Ah<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />iquinahay;</span> tok xe canay ka mama.</td> + <td class="parallelr">54. Then they were sought for by the tribe. “We seek our rulers. +Where are they? We are truly afflicted; for we have heard their +voices. Neither their mothers nor their fathers wish to leave +them!” so spoke Gekaquch, Baqahol, Cavek and Cibakihay concerning +Caynoh and Caybatz. At length they searched in the cavern, and +those who had spoken met them coming: “We seek you, oh our rulers, +and truly we are unhappy,” said they. Caynoh and Caybatz answered: +“We shall not come if your rulers, the Galel and Ahucham, are not +there. Who would be with us? Are we not humbled if we return before +Tepeuh? We shall not come that they may kill us. Let them take +these words, that we may go forth and be reconciled with Tepeuh. +Then we will come.” So said they, and immediately it was carried to +the people. A messenger was sent to report to Tepeuh.<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_123" id="Page_123">[123]</a></span> When Tepeuh +heard the report he rejoiced, and the Cakchiquels rejoiced, and the +Zotzil Tukuches and the Ahtziquinahay rejoiced. Then they went +forth to seek our ancestors.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parheadl"><i>Caponibal chic vae panche <span class="nowrap">Chi<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ohom.</span></i></td> + <td class="parheadr"><i>The Arrival Again at the Woods Chigohom.</i></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text55" id="text55"></a>55. Xe apon <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chiri cachbilam chic quixhayil, quere bila <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />et</span> qui +vach xquicot ronohel <span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span> tok xeapon chic. Cani <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap">xehi<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ax</span> xecam +ri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />alel</span> Xahil Ah ucham Xahil, ronohel tzih tok xecam.</td> + <td class="parallelr">55. Returning, they arrived together, where were their wives. +Therefore all the tribes rejoiced on seeing their faces, when they +returned. Immediately they caused to be hanged and executed the +Galel Xahil and Ahucham Xahil, and all their fame perished with +them.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text56" id="text56"></a><a href="#note56">56.</a> Xeoc <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chi ahauarem, Ahpop Xahil xux ri Caynoh, Ahpop <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />amahay</span> +xux ri <span class="nowrap">Cayba<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />,</span> e cay chi ahaua xeux humah tzih ok xeoc chi ahauarem.</td> + <td class="parallelr"><a href="#note56">56.</a> Then they entered in possession of the royal power. Caynoh was +made Ahpop Xahil, and Caybatz was made Ahpop Qamahay. Both were +kings, and their words were as one, when they assumed the royal +power.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text57" id="text57"></a>57. Xe <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />aholan</span> xe mealan <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a,</span> ri Caynoh, <span class="nowrap">Cayba<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />,</span> e cahi xe ru +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />aholah</span> hun, e voo xe <span class="nowrap">ru<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />aholah</span> hunchic, e belehe chi achi xe qui +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />aholah</span> ri Caynoh, <span class="nowrap">Cayba<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />,</span> xe re <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> quitzih tixibin qui puz qui +naval ri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />avitz,</span> Çactecauh, Caynoh, <span class="nowrap">Cayba<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />.</span></td> + <td class="parallelr">57. Caynoh and Caybatz begat sons and daughters. The first had four +sons and the second five sons, making nine sons begotten by Caynoh +and Caybatz. Terrifying was the fame of the magic power and wisdom +of Gagavitz, Zactecauh, Caynoh and Caybatz.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text58" id="text58"></a>58. Ok xecha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ri Caynoh, <span class="nowrap">Cayba<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />:</span> ti <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />akattah</span> ri kahauarem oh +ru pixabam vi ka tata; que oc tah cay ka <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol</span> chi ahauarem, xecha. +Tok xoc <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> hun ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol</span> ahauh Caynoh ahuchan Xahil rahauarem xux, +xoc chic hun <span class="nowrap">ru<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol</span> ahauh <span class="nowrap">Cayba<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />,</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />alel</span> Xahil, rahauarem xux, +<span class="nowrap">quere<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> cahi vi kahaual ri oh Xahila, <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />akat</span> cahauarem ka mama +chiqui vach.</td> + <td class="parallelr">58. Then Caynoh and Caybatz spoke thus: “Strong is now our royal +power; we hold the rulership from our fathers; let our two sons +partake of our power.” So said they. Then a son of Caynoh was +placed in possession of power and was made Ahuchan Xahil, and a son +of Caybatz was placed on the throne and was made Galel Xahil. Thus +we had four rulers, we the Xahila, and our royal power was +established in the presence of our ancestors.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parheadl"><i>Xecam <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ri Caynoh <span class="nowrap">Cayba<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />.</span></i></td> + <td class="parheadr"><i>Death of Caynoh and Caybatz.</i></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text59" id="text59"></a>59. Xe <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> oquenak can <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />alel</span> Xahil, ahuchan Xahil, tok xecam ahaua. +Cani <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xoc chic <span class="nowrap">qui<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />exel;</span> he caca qui <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol</span> xeoc chi ahauarem, +ahpop Xahil, ahuchan<span class='pagenuml'><a name="Page_124" id="Page_124">[124]</a></span> Xahil xquikaleh ri e cay ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol</span> <span class="nowrap">ru<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol</span> ahauh +<span class="nowrap">Cayba<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />,</span> Caynoh: xeoc <span class="nowrap">chi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> cay ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol</span> ahauh Ahpop <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />amahay,</span> +Xahil <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />alel</span> Xahil xquikaleh: <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />akat</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> cahauarem chiqui vach he +ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol</span> Caynoh, <span class="nowrap">Cayba<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />,</span> he nabey ka mama xebano can ri ahauarem, +yx <span class="nowrap">nu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol,</span> xahun ka tee tata xahun xohboço oh Xahila.</td> + <td class="parallelr">59. After the Galel Xahil and the Ahuchan Xahil had taken +possession, the kings died. Immediately their posterity succeeded. +Two by two they entered into power, and the two sons of the sons of +Caynoh received homage<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_125" id="Page_125">[125]</a></span> as Ahpop Xahil and Ahuchan Xahil; the two +sons of the chief Caybatz took possession and received the homage +of their subjects as Ahpop Qamahay and Galel Xahil. Thus was the +monarchy established during the time of the children of Caynoh and +Caybatz. They were our first ancestors who established the royalty, +O my children; but one mother only and one father only brought us +forth, us, the Xahila.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text60" id="text60"></a>60. He <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ki xeçutulakin, xeyamalakin ree; kitzih <span class="nowrap">chi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />iy</span> qui tinamit +qui huyubal xux, tok <span class="nowrap">xe<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />iyar</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> qui meal qui <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol,</span> ri e belehe +chi achi, ri xe qui <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />aholah</span> ahauh Caynoh, <span class="nowrap">Cayba<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />:</span> xa <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ki xcam +ahauh Citan <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />atu,</span> tok xbiyin ahauarem chiqui vach he ka tata he ka +mama; kitzih chie <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />iy</span> ahaua xux, xax çolo cahauarem.</td> + <td class="parallelr">60. They received homage, they received presents; for the towns and +places were beyond number which were theirs. Then multiplied the +daughters and sons of the nine sons begotten by the kings Caynoh +and Caybatz. When, however, the king Citan Qatu died, the royal +power was split up among our fathers and ancestors; there were then +many chiefs and the power was divided.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text61" id="text61"></a>61. He <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ri qui <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oxahil</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />obakil,</span> quere navipe ri qui +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol</span> ri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />alel</span> Xahil, Ahuchan Xahil, <span class="nowrap">quere<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ri ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol</span> Ah +Cupilcat, rihun <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ace.</span> Xe qui hach ka mama chiqui vach ke chinamital, +xeux chirih ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol</span> ahauh ahauh Caynoh, xeoc vi rie qui <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol</span> +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oxahil</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />obakil,</span> <span class="nowrap">xavi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chiri xeoc vi ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol</span> ri Ahuchan Xahil +ri <span class="nowrap">xehi<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ax</span> chirih ahpop, Ahuchan xeoc vi.</td> + <td class="parallelr">61. There were the sons of Qoxahil and Qobakil, and the children of +the Galel Xahil and the Ahuchan Xahil, and the sons of Ahcupilcat, +of whom our ancestors had spared life and granted a dwelling place. +These made an opposition to the sons of the king Caynoh. The +children of Qoxahil and Qobakil having begun to rule, the sons of +the Ahuchan Xahil, who had been hanged, opposed the king, and began +to rule as Ahuchan.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text62" id="text62"></a>62. Xeoc chi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chirih Ahpop <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />amahay</span> Xahil, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />alel</span> Xahil, ri ru +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol</span> Ah Cupilcat, xavi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chiri xeoc vi e ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol</span> ri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />alel</span> +Xahil ri bala xepe vi, ri xeyaoel Caynoh <span class="nowrap">Cayba<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />,</span> xe be <span class="nowrap">ru<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />in</span> +Tepeuh, <span class="nowrap">xa<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap">xe<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ohe</span> chi popol ri <span class="nowrap">ykoma<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />i</span> e huvi chi vinak re <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> +ru bi qui tinamite, ri nabey qui tinamit.</td> + <td class="parallelr">62. Against the Ahpop Qamahay Xahil was the Galel Xahil, son of +Ahcupilcat; also the sons of the Galel Xahil who was with Caynoh +and Caybatz and accompanied them to Tepeuh. They had lived in the +sovereignty of the Ikomagi, a nation whose name is from their city, +their principal city.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text63" id="text63"></a><a href="#note63">63.</a> Xqui toloba <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ri ki xeçaker vi conohel xepe chiri Pantzic, +Paraxone; yalabey Çimahihay, Panchee, <span class="nowrap">Chi<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ohom,</span> Chiavar, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />upi</span> +<span class="nowrap">ta<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ahi,</span> <span class="nowrap">ni<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ya <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />otox</span> ul; re <span class="nowrap">chi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span><span class='pagenuml'><a name="Page_126" id="Page_126">[126]</a></span> ru bi ki xeçutulakin chivie, +Çahcab tinamit, <span class="nowrap">Pe<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />e,</span> Utzupa <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />inona,</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />alaah,</span> Puzbal, <span class="nowrap">Çali<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol,</span> +Nimçakahpec, Yut <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />um</span> Calla, chuvi Xilom, Molinxot, Pa chalic bak, +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />huti</span> tinamit, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />itan</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap">ti<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />il</span> Akahal vinak chuvi tinamit +<span class="nowrap">O<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hal,</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />abouil</span> çivan, tan ti <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ar</span> ahauh <span class="nowrap">Y<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />halcan</span> Chicumcuvat, +rahaual Akahal vinak.</td> + <td class="parallelr"><a href="#note63">63.</a> At that time they abandoned the place where their dawn had +appeared and they all returned to Pantzic and Paraxone; they left +Cimahihay, Panche, Chiqohom, Chiavar, and Tzupitagahi, following +the valleys of the river.<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_127" id="Page_127">[127]</a></span> The names of the places that they +received homage from in this journey are the towns Zahcah, Petze, +Utzupa, Ginona, Galaah, Puzbal, Zaliqahol, Nimzakahpec, Yutcum, +Calla, Chuvi Xilom, Molinxot, Pachalicbak, Chuti tinamit, where the +Akahal nation had greatly increased, and where, in the towns of +Ochal or Qabouil Civan, the king Ychalcan Chicumcuvat, chief of the +Akahals, reigned with majesty.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text64" id="text64"></a><a href="#note64">64.</a> Tok xe apon <span class="nowrap">chi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> e ka mama chiri chuvi tinamit <span class="nowrap">O<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hal,</span> <span class="nowrap">xelo<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ox</span> +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chiri ruma Akahal vinak, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chiri <span class="nowrap">xu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />am</span> viri cahi chi <span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />;</span> +mahaok ti pax Akahal vinak: <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ruqaam ok ri ronohel, xa <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ki +rupaxic Akahal vinak. Ok xtole can ri tinamit <span class="nowrap">O<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hal,</span> xa <span class="nowrap">me<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />enalah</span> +huyu, xrokah <span class="nowrap">ta<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ah,</span> ok xapon ral <span class="nowrap">ru<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol</span> ahauh <span class="nowrap">Y<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />halcan</span> Xepakay; +chuvi vi te xe ynup, xa maloh yc, xa chom, xa car xu raih. Xa naak <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> +ruyon vinak xapon chiri <span class="nowrap">ta<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ah,</span> <span class="nowrap">xa<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />axrah</span> qui <span class="nowrap">hi<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ah</span> qui <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol</span> +ahauh, xa ruma cachihilal, xax rah <span class="nowrap">y<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />o</span> qui <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />al</span> chiqui vi qui +tata, quere <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xerah cam vi cuma ahaua ri. Xa <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> hun <span class="nowrap">a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a</span> xeel qui +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol,</span> xcokotah vinak chila Panah Chiholom, Xepakay xe ynup: cani <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> +xquicot Akahal vinak, tok xeka apon ri qui <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol</span> ahaua <span class="nowrap">ta<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ah.</span> +<span class="nowrap">Quere<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> tok xhacho ri Akahal vinak ri, tok xtole <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> can ri tinamit +<span class="nowrap">O<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hal,</span> rachpetic <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> Akahal vinak ri ka mama, ok <span class="nowrap">xla<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />abex</span> chic ri +<span class="nowrap">Çaki<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol,</span> Nim cakah pec.</td> + <td class="parallelr"><a href="#note64">64.</a> Our ancestors then arrived at the town Ochal. They made +themselves liked by the Akahals, and founded there four towns. The +Akahal nation had not previously been divided; but at that time +they all made a choice and chose to effect a division of the +nation. It was at this time that they abandoned the town of Ochal, +which was in the warm district, and sought the highland plain, when +the sons of Ychalcan came to Xepakay Seated on the roots, under the +shade of a ceiba tree, they ate chile, and had shellfish and fish, +as they liked. Then the people of the place, coming above the +plain, sought to hang the sons of the king for their temerity; for +they aimed to surpass the greatness of their father, and for that +reason the chiefs wished their death. But these princes, making a +night attack, routed the people at Panah, at Chiholom and at +Xepakay, under the ceiba tree. The Akahals rejoiced at the arrival +of the princes on the plain. In consequence of this event, the +Akahals separated, and they left the town of Ochal, and accompanied +our ancestors, and established themselves at Zakiqahol and +Nimcakahpec.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parheadl"><i>Vae <span class="nowrap">xtinu<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ibah</span></i></td> + <td class="parheadr"><i>Here I shall write</i></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text65" id="text65"></a>65. Quibi ri e ka mama xe ahauar oher, ri ki xe çutulakin xe yamalakin, +ri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />iy</span> qui tinamit xux, xaki ru camic ahauh Citan <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />atu,</span> tok xbiyin +cahauarem ka mama chi qui vach.</td> + <td class="parallelr">65. The names of our ancestors who received the homage and presents +of a great number of towns after the death of the king Citan Qatu +when our ancestors publicly took the government.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text66" id="text66"></a><a href="#note66">66.</a> Xahauar ahauh Citan <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />atu,</span> ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol</span> ahauh Caynoh, xa vi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oh</span> ru +puz ru naval ri. Ok xahauar <span class="nowrap">chi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ahauh<span class='pagenuml'><a name="Page_128" id="Page_128">[128]</a></span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />otbalcan.</span> Xahauar <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> +ahauh Alinam xahauar <span class="nowrap">chi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ahauh, Xttamer Çaquentol. Ok xoc <span class="nowrap">chi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> +ahauh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hiyoc</span> Queh <span class="nowrap">ah<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />u<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />.</span> Haok xmolobax el ahauh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />alel</span> Xahil Xulu +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />atu</span> chire <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />echevinak,</span> xax rah ru yac labal ahauh chiree xban vi pa +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />inona;</span> xban tzaloh chuvach tinamit <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />inona;</span> <span class="nowrap">quere<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xya vi el +ahauh Xulu <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />atu</span> ri cuma ahaua <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hiyoc</span> Queh, Ttah ttah Akbal, he tan +que ahauar, xax mani chi vi qui covil ahaua kitzih hoye qui vack xux +hoye navipe ru vach vinak xux cuma.</td> + <td class="parallelr"><a href="#note66">66.</a> The chief Citan Qatu ruled, the son of the chief Caynoh, to +whom were mystic power and wisdom. Then<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_129" id="Page_129">[129]</a></span> ruled the chief Qotbalcan. +The chief Alinam ruled. Next ruled the chief Xttamer Zaquentol. +Then followed in power Qhiyoc Queh Ahgug. In his reign the chief +and Galel Xahil Xulu Qatu gathered together the Quiche nation, +desiring that war should be declared against those who were +attacking Ginona, and were engaged against the town Ginona. For +this reason the chief Xuluqatu was sent by the chiefs Chiyocqueh +and Ttah ttah Akbal, who then reigned, to say that no mercy should +be shown to the chiefs who commanded the forces of the enemy, but +that the people should be spared.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text67" id="text67"></a><a href="#note67">67.</a> Ok xcha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ahauh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ikab</span> chique ahaua: <span class="nowrap">Tila<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />abeh</span> chic y huyubal +Chiavar, xeucheex ruma ahauh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ikab.</span></td> + <td class="parallelr"><a href="#note67">67.</a> Then the king Qikab said to the chiefs: “Go back again to your +town at Chiavar.” Thus spoke the king Qikab.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parheadl"><i>Caponibal chic Chiavar vae.</i></td> + <td class="parheadr"><i>Their return to Chiavar.</i></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text68" id="text68"></a>68. Ru tzih ahauh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ikab,</span> tok xepon chic ka mama chuvi tinamit Chiavar +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />upita<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ah,</span> xavi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap">xla<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />abex</span> can ronohel huyu ruma vinak, quere +navipe xbe <span class="nowrap">cu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />in</span> ahaua ok <span class="nowrap">xquila<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />abeh</span> tinamit Chiavar, ru chi +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ikab.</span></td> + <td class="parallelr">68. It was by command of the king Qikab that our ancestors returned +to the city of Chiavar and Tzupitagah. All the towns were occupied +by the nation, therefore they came with the chiefs when these +removed to Chiavar by order of Qikab.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text69" id="text69"></a>69. Xahauar <span class="nowrap">chi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ahauh Xitayul Hax. <span class="nowrap">Xla<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />aben</span> ok tinamit Chiavar ok +xahauar Xitayul Hax.</td> + <td class="parallelr">69. The chief Xitayul Hax was then reigning. The town of Chiavar +was peopled during the reign of Xitayul Hax.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text70" id="text70"></a>70. Ok xoc <span class="nowrap">chi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ahauh Xiquitzal chi ahauarem, tan e <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oh</span> chiri chuvi +tinamit Chiavar <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />upita<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ah;</span> tan <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ti <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ar</span> ahauh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ikab</span> chi +ahauarem, chila chuvi tinamit <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />umarcaah</span> chi Yzmachij, tan ti patanih +ronohel <span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> chu vach.</td> + <td class="parallelr">70. At that time also the chief Xiquitzal had power. They dwelt in +the towns of Chiavar and Tzupitagah. The king Qikab ruled with +majesty over all the kingdom at the towns Gumarcaah and Izmachi, +and all the people paid him tribute.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text71" id="text71"></a>71. Ruma ri tan tu cuch ri oxlahu <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hob</span> chi ahlabal chiri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />umarcaah,</span> +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> tahin ok tiqui hunamah ruvach qui <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ha,</span> qui pocob, xqui kaçax +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />huti</span> <span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> nima <span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span><span class='pagenuml'><a name="Page_130" id="Page_130">[130]</a></span> ronohel çivan tinamit, maquina xaruyon +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />echevinak;</span> xuban oxlahu <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hob</span> chi ahlabal xkaçan <span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span> quere +<span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ar</span> vi ahauh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ikab</span> ri.</td> + <td class="parallelr">71. For him the thirteen divisions of warriors assembled at +Gumarcaah, and they prepared their bows and shields. The tribes, +great and small, and all the dwellers in the ravines were +conquered, nor did it cost the Quiches<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_131" id="Page_131">[131]</a></span> anything. The thirteen +divisions of warriors conquered the towns, and thus was increased +the glory of the king Qikab.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text72" id="text72"></a>72. Maqui <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xe covin ree <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hakab</span> ahaua he ka mama, ri mix kabijh +can, xax qui meztah tzih, quere ri hoye vi ruvach <span class="nowrap">Ço<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />il</span> Tukuchee, ri +xux, mani qui covil xhoyevatah ruvach vinak cuma, xqui chup <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />al</span> +tepeval.</td> + <td class="parallelr">72. But half of the chiefs would not listen to the words of our +ancestors which had been spoken to them; they forgot the order +which had been given to spare the Zotzil Tukuches, and not to show +mercy to the chiefs, and thus they dimmed the royal power.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text73" id="text73"></a>73. He <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> tan que ahauar ri Rahamun, Xiquitzal; he <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> tan que +achihir ri ki e ka mama ri Huntoh, <span class="nowrap">Vukuba<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />,</span> quibi, tan he <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />alah</span> +achiha, he kitan que bano labal <span class="nowrap">ru<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />in</span> ahauh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ikab:</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oh</span> ok +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ka mama <span class="nowrap">Vukuba<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" /></span> chiri <span class="nowrap">Bo<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />oiya;</span> chiri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> Xequiz chee tan +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oh</span> vi Huntoh, qui mama nima abahi chiri tan que chahin vi el labal, +tan ti tahin <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />alah</span> labal chiri pan Ah Chiholom, tan ti <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ar</span> +ahauh <span class="nowrap">Y<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hal</span> Amullac, rahaual Akahal vinak.</td> + <td class="parallelr">73. Those who were then ruling were Rahamun and Xiquitzal, and +among the warriors were our ancestors Huntoh and Vukubatz. They +were famous warriors and made war under the orders of the king +Qikab. At that time our ancestor Vukubatz was at Bogoiya and Huntoh +was at Xequizche. These men of old, mighty rocks, had gone forth to +war, to wage glorious war with those of Chiholom, where reigned the +chief Ychal Amullac, ruler of the Akahals.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parheadl"><i>Haoc xeoc chi ahauarem vae.</i></td> + <td class="parheadr"><i>These Obtain The Royalty.</i></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text74" id="text74"></a>74. <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ate<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ok xeahauar ri ka mama ri Huntoh <span class="nowrap">Vukuba<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />,</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> e <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> +ki xe <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />amo</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />al</span> tepeual; xeoc na chi ahauarem <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> tan ok ti +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ar</span> ahauh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ikab,</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> hoye ok ruvach <span class="nowrap">Ço<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />il</span> Tukuchee.</td> + <td class="parallelr">74. After these things our ancestors Huntoh and Vukubatz reigned, +seizing the power and majesty. When they obtained the royalty, the +king Qikab was still reigning, and he had mercy on the Zotzil +Tukuches.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text75" id="text75"></a>75. <span class="nowrap">Ha<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ri ahauh <span class="nowrap">Vukuba<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" /></span> ka mama, Citan Tihax Cablah rubi ru tata; +<span class="nowrap">rix<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />aholam</span> e ru mam ahauh Citan <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />atu,</span> ri Tihax Cablah. Xa xbiyin +cahauarem ka mama chiquivach, xa vi e ru mam ahauh Caynoh, ahauh Citan +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />atu,</span> <span class="nowrap">quere<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xoc vi chi ahauarem; ka mama ri cumal ahauh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ikab,</span> +<span class="nowrap">ru<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />in</span> ronohel ahaua nimak vinak humah chi ok xoc chi ahauarem ri ka +mama <span class="nowrap">Vukua<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />,</span> Huntoh quibi xae cay chi ahaua.</td> + <td class="parallelr">75. This chief, our ancestor, Vukubatz, had as father Citan Tihax +Cablah, who was the son of the king Citan Qatu and Tihax Cablah. +The latter let the power pass to our ancestor, and the king Caynoh +and the king Citan Qatu thus obtained the power. Our ancestor, +summoned by the king Qikab and by all the chiefs and leading men, +from all parts, was placed in the royal power, and thus our +ancestors Vukubatz and Huntoh were then the two kings.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><span class='pagenuml'><a name="Page_132" id="Page_132">[132]</a></span><a name="text76" id="text76"></a>76. Xeoc na chi ahauarem ka mama <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ate<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ok xqui <span class="nowrap">la<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />abeh</span> tinamit +Chiavar <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />upita<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ah.</span> Kitzih <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> tan ti <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ar</span> ahauh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ikab,</span> ok +xe ahauar ri ka mama Huntoh <span class="nowrap">Vukuba<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />,</span> kitzih vi tixibin que achihir, +maqui qui meztam tzih xavi xere qui <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />uxlaam,</span> quitzih he nabey ka tata +ka mama ri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />avitz,</span> Çactecauh, Caynoh, <span class="nowrap">Caba<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />,</span> Citan <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />atu.</span> +Kitzih vi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oh</span> chic qui puz qui naval ri ahauh Huntoh <span class="nowrap">Vukuba<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />,</span> +ri ki <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />amo</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />al</span> tepeual; kitzih chi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />i</span> ya <span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> tinamit, xqui +haçah can <span class="nowrap">ru<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />in</span> ahauh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ikab,</span> <span class="nowrap">ru<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />in</span> ronohel ahlabal; tanti xibin ru +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />al</span> ahauh chuvach ronohel vuk <span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span> tanti hunamax labal rumal +ronohel ahlabal; quere <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ar</span> vi ahauh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ikab</span> ri. Ronohel <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> +tinamit ree xqui haçah can, mahaok ti tiquer <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />haoh</span> chirih ahauh +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ikab,</span> ruma <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />eche</span> vinak ok xban can:​—​</td> + <td class="parallelr"><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_133" id="Page_133">[133]</a></span>76. When our ancestors had taken possession of the royalty, they +settled the towns of Chiavar and Tzupitagah. Truly the king Qikab +ruled with great glory when our ancestors Huntoh and Vukubatz +reigned. Those warriors inspired terror, nor were their histories +forgotten, and the fame was recalled of our first fathers and +ancestors, Gagavitz, Zactecauh, Caynoh, Caybatz, and Citan Qatu. +Truly there were magic power and wisdom in our ancestors Huntoh and +Vukubatz; they assumed glory and majesty. Truly many were the +cities and peoples who submitted to them, and over whom they had +triumphed with the king Qikab and all the warriors. For this great +monarch inspired terror throughout the seven nations, and his +warriors carried war in all directions; and therefore great was the +glory of the king Qikab. These are all the towns which they had +conquered before the insurrection broke out which the Quiches made +against their king Qikab:—</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parheadl"><i>Rubi tinamit vae ronohel.</i></td> + <td class="parheadr"><i>The Names Of All The Towns.</i></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallelhl"><a name="text77" id="text77"></a>77. Halic<br /> + Vitaum<br /> + Lahub<br /> + Beleh Cuihay<br /> + Xubabal<br /> + <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />alyx</span><br /> + Hultucur<br /> + <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ekum</span><br /> + <span class="nowrap">Chi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />otuk</span><br /> + <span class="nowrap">Chicakyu<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span><br /> + Coha<br /> + <span class="nowrap">Ah<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />uruya</span><br /> + Çutum<br /> + <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hixnal</span><br /> + Molobak<br /> + <span class="nowrap">Tox<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />omine</span><br /> + Tuhallahay<br /> + Vchabahay<br /> + <span class="nowrap">Ah<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />humilahay</span><br /> + <span class="nowrap">Lama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />i</span><br /> + Cumatz<br /> + Rapak<br /> + Chichah<br /> + Vxa<br /> + Ahalquil<br /> + Molomic Abah<br /> + Nimpokom<br /> + Nacuxcux<br /> + Bulbuxiya<br /> + Panah<br /> + Chiholom<br /> + <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ekaçivan</span><br /> + <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />u<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />uhuyu</span><br /> + <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ax<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />an</span><br /> + Vukuçivan<br /> + Xerahapit.</td> + <td class="parallelhr">77. Halic<br /> + Vitaum<br /> + Lahub<br /> + Beleh Cuihay<br /> + Xubabal<br /> + <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />alyx</span><br /> + Hultucur<br /> + <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ekum</span><br /> + <span class="nowrap">Chi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />otuk</span><br /> + <span class="nowrap">Chicakyu<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span><br /> + Coha<br /> + <span class="nowrap">Ah<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />uruya</span><br /> + Çutum<br /> + <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hixnal</span><br /> + Molobak<br /> + <span class="nowrap">Tox<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />omine</span><br /> + Tuhallahay<br /> + Vchabahay<br /> + <span class="nowrap">Ah<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />humilahay</span><br /> + <span class="nowrap">Lama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />i</span><br /> + Cumatz<br /> + Rapak<br /> + Chichah<br /> + <a name="corr18" id="corr18"></a><ins class="correction" title="Vxa">Vxa.</ins><br /> + Ahalquil<br /> + Molomic Abah<br /> + Nimpokom<br /> + Nacuxcux<br /> + Bulbuxiya<br /> + Panah<br /> + Chiholom<br /> + <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ekacivan</span><br /> + <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />u<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />uhuya</span><br /> + <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ax<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />an</span><br /> + Vukucivan<br /> + Xerahapit.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><span class='pagenuml'><a name="Page_134" id="Page_134">[134]</a></span><a name="text78" id="text78"></a>78. Ronohel <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> tinamit ri xquikaçah can Huntoh, <span class="nowrap">Vukuba<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />;</span> <span class="nowrap">ru<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />in</span> +ahauh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ikab,</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap">la<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />abem</span> ok tinamit Chiavar ok xquiban can ka mama.</td> + <td class="parallelr"><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_135" id="Page_135">[135]</a></span>78. All these towns were conquered by Huntoh and Vukubatz, and by +the king Qikab, when our ancestors settled at Chiavar and made that +town.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parheadl"><i>Ru tiqueric <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />haoh</span> chirih <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ikab</span> vae.</i></td> + <td class="parheadr"><i>Beginning Of The Revolt Against Qikab.</i></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text79" id="text79"></a><a href="#note79">79.</a> Tok xtiquer <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />haoh</span> chirih ahauh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ikab,</span> ruma <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />eche</span> vinak; +xavi ru chinamital ahauh xyaco <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />haoh,</span> xa xqiz ru chinamital ahauh +chucohol nimak achij: tzukul richin maqui chi tah xhito ri <span class="nowrap">al<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol</span> +xraho <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />eche</span> vinak; xa xrah rambey akan ruma <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />eche</span> vinak, xax maqui +vi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xraho ahauh. He pokon re runa ahauh ri nimak achij, maqui xe +ruya ri hitol quij. <span class="nowrap">Quere<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xbe vi chiuh ahauh ri ruma <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />eche</span> vinak, +xax qui chup qui <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />al.</span></td> + <td class="parallelr"><a href="#note79">79.</a> Then began a revolt against the king Qikab by the Quiche men; +the family of the king was the cause of the contest. The family of +the king perished with many of the people. The Quiches would not +promise the homage as vassals which he asked of them. They wished +that the roads should be free to the Quiche people, which the king +would not grant. Therefore many of the people disliked the king and +they would not pay him their dues. For this reason the Quiches +turned against the king and his glory diminished.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text80" id="text80"></a>80. He <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> cay ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol</span> ahauh tan que <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ar.</span> Tatayac rubi hun, Ah +Ytza rubi hunchic; Chituy, Quehnay qui bi cay chic, xavi e qui <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol</span> +ahaua: he <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xe rach qui chiih <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />eche</span> vinak ri, xtiho naek <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> +chirichin ahauh cuma ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol</span> xax maqui chi vi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xeruya ri hitol +qui; e pokon xeruna ri tzukul richin; <span class="nowrap">quere<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xbe vi chirih ahauh ri +cuma ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol.</span> Xax <span class="nowrap">ru<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />in</span> vi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ticako vi quivach chire qui tata, +ri Tatayac Ah ytza, quibi, xax <span class="nowrap">quihi<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />uh</span> rahauarem ahauh, xquirayih +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ru xit, ru puvak, ralabil ru vinak qui tata; tok xu popoh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ru +tzih <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />eche</span> vinak chiquih nimak achij tzukul richin ahauh; <span class="nowrap">xe<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />iz</span> cam +conohel ru nabey tzukul richin ahauh.</td> + <td class="parallelr">80. The two sons of the king were already distinguished. Tatayac +was the name of the one, Ah Itza the name of the other. Chituy and +Quehnay were the two sons of these princes. These took the part of +the Quiches, and the king was thus opposed to his own sons, who +incited the people not to pay their dues, already irritated on +account of their subjection; and thus it came that the king was +against his own sons. Thus Tatayac and Ahitza were opposed to their +father, for they coveted the royal power, and desired the precious +stones, the metals, the slaves and people of their father. At this +time there was a council of the Quiches against the warriors +maintained by the king, and they began to put to death all those of +the first rank in the royal service.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text81" id="text81"></a>81. <span class="nowrap">Va<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> quibi cahaual nimak achije: Herech, <span class="nowrap">Ta<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />unun,</span> <span class="nowrap">Xhu<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />uy,</span> +Eventec, Açacot, Camachal qui bi. Kitzih <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />i</span> yatak cal qui <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol,</span> ri +hutok <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hob,</span> chi ahpopo. Mani <span class="nowrap">chi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />uluben</span> ahauh cuma ok xecam, +tok xoquebex <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> cochoch ahpopo ruma achiha, <span class="nowrap">xe<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />iz</span> cam ahpopo cuma +<span class='pagenuml'><a name="Page_136" id="Page_136">[136]</a></span><a name="corr19" id="corr19"></a><ins class="correction" title="This should read either achiha. Maqui or achiha, maqui">achiha. maqui</ins> ruchi ahauh; tan <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oh</span> ahauh chuvi tinamit +Panpetak; cani <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> rachcamic ahauh xrah ux cuma achiha: <span class="nowrap">ru<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />in</span> navipe +qui chij <span class="nowrap">ru<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol</span> ahauh xcoquebeh rochoch ahauh Panpetak; cani <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> +xelahpe ahauh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ikab</span> chique achiha. <span class="nowrap">Quere<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xtzolih vi achiha ri +Xahil ah popo, xeyaar chi camic; <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ate<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ok xelah ahauh chique +achiha, xutzihobeh ru xit ru puvak; xu <span class="nowrap">ya<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> cahauarem cah popol +achiha, xuyacan <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />al</span> tepeval chique achiha: <span class="nowrap">ruyo<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ux</span> ahauh +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ikab</span> chique <span class="nowrap">ru<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol</span> ytzel xquiban ri Tatayac, Ah ytza quibi. +<span class="nowrap">Quere<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />am</span> vi ahauarem <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />al,</span> cuma achiha ri humah chi <span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span> +tok xya ri oxlahuh chi ahpop chi varabal, chu chij <span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span> xa nimak +achij ki ru xe <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />haoh,</span> ok xchup <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />al</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />iche</span> ki vi ru chi can +ahauh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ikab.</span> Tok <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />am</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />al</span> chi <span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> oher, yx ka <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol;</span> cani +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />il</span> vinak <span class="nowrap">al<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol,</span> chu nimaxic ahauh ruma achiha, kitzih hoye +ru vach ahauh xux, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> hunam chivi naek <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ru vach oxlahu <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hob</span> chi +ahlabal chiri, ok xvar <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />haoh</span> chirih ahauh ruma <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />eche</span> vinak, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> +nakah ok <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> tutzin <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />haoh,</span> ok xtiquer chic chiquih ka mama.</td> + <td class="parallelr">81. These are the names of those of the royal service: Herech, +Tagunun, Xhutzuy, Eventec, Azacot, Camachal. Then all the populace +and the heads of the tribes assembled together. His people did not +assemble around the king that they might not be killed, and the +houses of the rulers were entered by the people and the rulers +were<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_137" id="Page_137">[137]</a></span> slain by the people; not by order of the king; for the king +was then in the village of Panpetak. The populace there wished also +to kill the king. But the orders of his sons prevailed in the royal +house at Panpetak. The king Qikab humbled himself before the +people. Therefore the people began again to kill those of the house +of Xahil. Again the king humbled himself before the people, trying +to appease them with his precious stones and metals. He gave up the +power of the rulers to the people and divided with them his royal +rights. The heart of the king Qikab was bruised by his sons Tatayac +and Ah Itza, by that which they had done. Therefore the royal glory +perished at the hands of the people of all the classes, and the +thirteen divisions and the powers they held were given up, and the +glory of the Quiches was extinguished in the revolt against the +orders of the king Qikab. Then perished the ancient glory of the +nation, O you my children; for since then the people acted, and the +king is made such by the people. Truly they had then pity for the +king, for the thirteen tribes having obtained the power, the +contest of the Quiches was ended; but when it was near its end, it +suddenly broke out anew among our fathers.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parheadl"><i>Ru xe <span class="nowrap">chi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />haoh</span> vae.</i></td> + <td class="parheadr"><i>Another Revolt Follows.</i></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text82" id="text82"></a>82. Ok xtiquer chic <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />haoh</span> chiquih ahaua Huntoh, <span class="nowrap">Vukuba<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />,</span> Chuluc, +Xitamal Queh, cahi chi ahaua vae. <span class="nowrap">Xa<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> yxok xyaco chic <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />haoh</span> chivih +<span class="nowrap">Ço<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />il</span> Tukuche, Nimapam Xcacauh rubi yxok, ki ru xe chic <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />haoh.</span> Xa +ah <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ay</span> vay yxok xbe pa tinamit <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />umarcaah,</span> <span class="nowrap">xa<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xrah kup ru vay +yxok ruma hun achij qui <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />al</span> ahaua <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />iche:</span> xa maqui xuya vay yxok +chire <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />al,</span> xax <span class="nowrap">he<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" /></span> ka achij chi chee rumal yxok. Canih xrah +<span class="nowrap">hi<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />atah</span> achi xrah cam rumal yxok Nimapan Xcacauh. <span class="nowrap">Quere<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xyacatah +vi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />haoh</span> ri rumal <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />eche</span> vinak; <span class="nowrap">xata<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xcam ri yxok<span class='pagenuml'><a name="Page_138" id="Page_138">[138]</a></span> xraho <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />eche</span> +vinak; <span class="nowrap">xa<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> maqui xya ri yxok chire <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />eche</span> vinak, chire <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> achiha +cuma ka mama Huntoh <span class="nowrap">Vukuba<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />.</span> Xe elahtah ahaua xraho <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />eche</span> vinak. +Quere ta ri xuban ahauh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ikab</span> xcaho achih: he <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> chic cani <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> +xupopoh rutzih <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />eche</span> vinak xcha: Xape xtan tu <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />am</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />al</span> tepeval +chi <span class="nowrap">Ahpoço<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />il,</span> chi Ahpoxahil, xa kamiçah, xax tanti <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ar</span> chi +Huntoh chi <span class="nowrap">Vukuba<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />;</span> xeucheex <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ri ka mama ruma achiha: <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />i</span> xrah +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> rutih chic ahauh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ikab</span> ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ilic</span> ru camic <span class="nowrap">Ço<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />il</span> Tukuche. Mani +<span class="nowrap">xa<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />axan</span> chic rutzih ahauh ruma <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />eche</span> vinak: Kitzih <span class="nowrap">chi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oh</span> ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ux</span> +ahauh chire Huntoh <span class="nowrap">Vukuba<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />.</span> Haruma ri kitzih chi nim ru naobal +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ikab</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />i</span> naval ahauh. Maquina xaquere <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ar</span> ahauh, kitzih +tixibin retamabal, ha ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />uxlaam</span> ri xepe vi pa Tullan. He <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ri +achiha, xa mani quetamabal, xae chu <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />abom.</span> Quere bila xquil <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />al</span> +maqui xtakex chic rutzih ahauh cuma, <span class="nowrap">quere<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> qui yon tanti quiban +labal tiquina.</td> + <td class="parallelr">82. Then another revolt began against the four leaders—Huntoh, +Vukubatz, Chuluc and Xitamal Queh. It was a woman who was the +occasion of this revolt with the Zotzils Tukuches, a woman named +Nimapam Xcacauh, and she caused the revolt. This woman had come to +sell bread in the town of Gumarcah, and one of the guards of the +Quiche prince had tried to take the bread from her by force; the +woman had refused to give up the bread to the guard, and the man +was driven away with a stick by the woman. Then they wished to take +and kill the man on account of this woman, Nimapan Xcacauh. +Therefore the contest was started by the Quiches; the Quiches +wished that the woman should be killed. But<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_139" id="Page_139">[139]</a></span> the woman was not +surrendered to the Quiches by our ancestors Huntoh and +<a name="corr20" id="corr20"></a><ins class="correction" title="Vukubatz">Vucubatz.</ins> The Quiches, therefore, wished to humble these +princes, and they wished to make the king Qikab do this. In anger +the Quiches called a council and said: “Only the Ahpozotzils and +the Ahpoxahils have obtained the glory and the power; let us kill +them, for only Huntoh and Vukubatz have glory.” Thus did the people +speak to our ancestors. They wished to tempt the king Qikab to +harass and slay the Zotzil Tukuches. But the king would not listen +to the words of the Quiches. Truly the heart of the ruler was with +Huntoh and Vukubatz. For truly great was the knowledge of Qikab and +marvelous the power of this ruler. Not only was he a king in +majesty, but also he overawed by his learning and the depth of his +spirit, derived from Tullan. Therefore when the people saw his +wisdom, they sought not to instruct him; they troubled not his +majesty nor accepted the words of the king, but pursued alone the +war which they had wished.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parheadl"><i>Qui pixababal <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> qui ahaua vae.</i></td> + <td class="parheadr"><i>The Orders which were Given to the Rulers.</i></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text83" id="text83"></a><a href="#note83">83.</a> Cani <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xel pe ru çamahel ahauh takol ahaua, tok xhique rucamic +<span class="nowrap">Ço<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />il</span> Tukuche, ruma <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />eche</span> vinak. Tok xepixabam quij ahaua <span class="nowrap">cha<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a,</span> +xcha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ri ahauh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ikab</span> chique ahauh Huntoh <span class="nowrap">Vukuba<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />:</span> Mani ru xe +mani ru vi kalabal yvuquin, <span class="nowrap">yxnu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol;</span> <span class="nowrap">mi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap">xi<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />et</span> mixban +chuvichin: mixrayx valabil nu vinak nu xit nu pavak, quere chi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> +xtiban chivichin. Co <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chivichin, <span class="nowrap">yxnu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol,</span> <span class="nowrap">yxnucha<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> nu nimal. +Xere vi pixaban ri vae: Mixutzin malo. Machuvak chipe tiban <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />al</span> +tepeval vave, xere viri mixkaban yvuquin, chi toloba can tinamit +chiquivach he <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />haol</span> cunum cachak; maqui e <span class="nowrap">a<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />axa</span> ytzih, <span class="nowrap">yxnu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol.</span> +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />o</span> huyu <span class="nowrap">tila<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />abeh</span> pan Yximchee chuvi <span class="nowrap">Ra<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />amut.</span> Hay, tinamit tux, +xa chiri ti ban vi bay vi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oviçah</span> chi pe<span class='pagenuml'><a name="Page_140" id="Page_140">[140]</a></span> ronohel <span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />.</span> Ti toloba can +ri Chiavar. Yx naek, achih, vuetah xti <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ulubacan,</span> maqui utz nu tzih ti +takeh, xcha ahauh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ikab</span> chique ka mama. Tok xe pixaban quij ahaua, +<span class="nowrap">quere<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xtakeh vi rutzih ahauh ri cuma ka mama. Mani <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ulelaan</span> can +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />eche</span> vinak.</td> + <td class="parallelr"><a href="#note83">83.</a> Then the king sent his messenger to announce to the rulers that +the Quiches had resolved on the death of the Zotzil Tukuches. At +the same time he sent to the rulers that they should come during +the night, and the king Qikab spoke in these terms to the rulers +Huntoh and Vukubatz: “It is neither the beginning nor the end of +this war made against us, O my children. It has been seen what they +have done to me. They have robbed me of my slaves, my family, my +treasures, my precious metals. They wish to do the same with you. +Go forth, therefore, my children, my younger brothers, my elder +brothers.” Then he gave his orders: “The lot is cast. Cease at once +from the exercise of a power which you should share with me. +Abandon this city to the revolted populace. Let your words no more +be heard, my children. Go to where you can establish yourselves, to +Ix<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_141" id="Page_141">[141]</a></span>imche, on the Ratzamut. Build there houses and a city, and +construct a road on which all the people may pass and rest. Abandon +Chiavar. As for you, people, if you succeed, may my words come to +you as a curse.” Thus spoke the king Qikab to our ancestors. Then +the commands were given to the rulers, and the words of the king +were sent to our ancestors. Nor did the Quiches oppose them.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parheadl"><i>Ha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ok xe pe Chiavar vae.</i></td> + <td class="parheadr"><i>This is When they Went Forth from Chiavar.</i></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text84" id="text84"></a><a href="#note84">84.</a> Ha chi oxlahuh <span class="nowrap">y<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span> xtole can tinamit Chiavar, ok xebokotah pe +kamama Chiavar, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />upita<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ah.</span> <span class="nowrap">Ha<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chi oxlahuh <span class="nowrap">y<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span> xul <span class="nowrap">xe<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />at</span> baya +quij, hun Akbal <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xuxlan, vinak <span class="nowrap">xe<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />at</span> baya quij, ha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chi cay +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />at;</span> <span class="nowrap">xla<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />abex</span> tinamit chi Yximchee, chuvi <span class="nowrap">Ra<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />amut.</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> pa +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />elah</span> ok <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ri pa tinamit chi Yximchee, ok <span class="nowrap">xquila<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />abeh</span> ka mama +Huntoh, <span class="nowrap">Vukuba<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />,</span> Chuluc, Xitamal Queh, he cahi chi ahaua, re rahaual +Cakchiquel vinak. <span class="nowrap">Cani<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />apitah</span> xchapo ri labal <span class="nowrap">ru<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />in</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />eche</span> +vinak, cani navipe xban <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />alam</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oxtun</span> cuma kamaa; cani <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xquicot +<span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> ronohel, tok <span class="nowrap">xla<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />abex</span> tinamit, ha rumal ri kitzih e <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />alah</span> +achih, ahauh Huntoh <span class="nowrap">Vukuba<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />.</span> Xae ki xebano labal <span class="nowrap">ru<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />in</span> ahauh +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ikab;</span> quere xquicot vi ahlabal vuk <span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> rij. Mani <span class="nowrap">chi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xrucheeh +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />eche</span> vinak, cani <span class="nowrap">xu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />am</span> rucovel ronohel <span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span> cani <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xul ru +camahel vuk <span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> <span class="nowrap">ru<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />in</span> <span class="nowrap">Ahpoço<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />il</span> Ahpoxahil, xcha ronohel ahlabal: +Vtz mixpe, <span class="nowrap">nucha<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span> nunimal Chiavar, co chirichin <span class="nowrap">Ahpoço<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />il,</span> +Ahpoxahil, kitzih utz mixul chiri chi Yximchee; xa ruyon achih chu <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ux</span> +chi Cavek chi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />eche</span> vinak, xa ruyon <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />al</span> chu <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ux,</span> ma xtuban chi +<span class="nowrap">navi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> labal ruyon chi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />echevinak,</span> xcha ru tzih ronohel vuk <span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span> +ok xul <span class="nowrap">cu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />in</span> ahaua. Canix ximo ri ru tzih ronohel ahlabal vuk <span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span> +tok <span class="nowrap">la<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />abex</span> tinamit chi Yximchee, xa xuyonih chi can <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />eche</span> vinak, +mani<span class='pagenuml'><a name="Page_142" id="Page_142">[142]</a></span> chic <span class="nowrap">xrach<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ulchijh.</span> <span class="nowrap">Quere<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> tok <span class="nowrap">xquila<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />abeh</span> tinamit chi +Yximchee ka mama ri, <span class="nowrap">yxnu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol,</span> mani chi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xutih labal <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />eche</span> +vinak chirih Cakchiquel vinak, xa xuya chi pe ru vach; he ka mama nabey +xoc <span class="nowrap">qui<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a.</span> Ok xtiho labal chirih <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />eche</span> vinak cuma ka mama Huntoh +<span class="nowrap">Vukuba<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />,</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap">la<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />abem</span> ok ronohel ree <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />iz<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ab</span> tinamit pa Chakihya +pa Xivanul ka vinakil <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xpe chiri Xechibohoy Xechituh, xavi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> cani +<span class="nowrap">xula<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />abeh</span> can <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />echevinak</span> ri, cani <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap">ca<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hob</span> xoquebex vi +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />echevinak</span> cuma ka mama; ok xcam ri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />iz<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ab</span> Xechituh cuma ahaua, ok +xutoloba can <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />echevinak</span> ri pa Chakihya pa Xivanul: cani xuxibih +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />echevinak</span> ok xtiquer labal ok ixcam ri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />iz<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ab</span> Xechituh cuma ahaua +cani xeapon <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />eche</span> vinak chi la yail Ah Xivanul ah Chakihya ri, ah San +Gregorio ah Santo Thomas rubi vacami.</td> + <td class="parallelr"><a href="#note84">84.</a> It was on the 13th day of the month Yg that they abandoned the +town of Chiavar, when our ancestors were forced to leave Chiavar +and Tzupitagah. On the 13th Yg they descended, burning many roads. +On the 1st Akbal they halted, still burning the roads, which made +twice that they burned them, after which they established the town +of Iximche, on the Ratzamut; they founded the town of Iximche; then +settled there our ancestors Huntoh, Vukubatz, Chuluc and Xitamal +Queh, these four rulers, the sovereigns of the Cakchiquel people. +As soon as they were settled, they placed themselves in readiness +for war with the Quiches, and our ancestors built a stronghold. All +the people rejoiced at the establishment of the city by these +illustrious heroes, the rulers Huntoh and Vukubatz; for they had +fought on the side of the king Qikab. Therefore all the warriors of +the seven nations rejoiced. The Quiches could do nothing more, and +soon all the cities recovered their power. Messengers of the seven +nations came to the Ahpozotzils and the Ahpoxahils, and all the +warriors said: “You have done well to leave Chiavar, my brother, my +elder; well done, Ahpozotzil and Ahpoxahil; you have done well to +come here to Iximche. There was but one brave man with Cavek and +the Quiches, there was but one royal heart with them; but hereafter +he will not go to war with the Quiches.” Such was the speech of all +the seven nations when they came to visit the rulers. All the +warriors of the seven nations gave their words, when the<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_143" id="Page_143">[143]</a></span> city of +Iximche was founded, that they would separate from the Quiches and +would not form an alliance with them. Therefore, my children, when +our ancestors founded the city of Iximche, the war of the Quiches +against the Cakchiquels had not begun. They had but gazed at each +other. Our ancestors first took the sword in hand. When war was +declared against the Quiches by our ancestors Huntoh and Vukubatz, +the people of Qizqab had inhabited for a long time the towns of +Chakihya and Xivanul, and our people were settled at Xechibohoy and +at Xechituh. Soon after the Quiches were established, two of their +strongholds were seized by our ancestors; Qizqab having been killed +by our ancestors at Xechituh, the Quiches abandoned Chakihya and +Xivanul. The Quiches were frightened at seeing the war begin with +the death of Qizqab at Xechituh by the orders of the rulers. The +Quiches then went down to the streams of those of Xivanul and of +Chakihya, which are called at present San Gregorio and Santo +Thomas.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text85" id="text85"></a>85. Tok xqui hach <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ahaua Huntoh <span class="nowrap">Vukuba<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" /></span> ri vuk <span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> nimak achi +xtzuku quichin heri Ah Popoya, Ah <span class="nowrap">Panca<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span> Ah Holom, Mixcu, Tamyac, +ronohel Pokoma: <span class="nowrap">Quere<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap">ta<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ah,</span> Ah <span class="nowrap">Y<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />iyule,</span> Ah Xeabah, Ah +<span class="nowrap">Çak<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />uchabah,</span> xa e cay chi ahaua <span class="nowrap">xe<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />amo</span> ronohel xa Huntoh, +<span class="nowrap">Vukuba<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />:</span> xepatanih vi vuk <span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> nimak achij. He naek cahi ahaua mani +qui covil ri e cay ahaua Chuluc Xitamal Queh quibi. Cani navipe xtakex +qui <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />al</span> ka mama ruma ronohel vuk <span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span> ok <span class="nowrap">xla<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />abex</span> tinamit chi +Yximchee; <span class="nowrap">quere<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ru chupic <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />al</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />eche</span> ri, quecha can ka tata +ka mama, <span class="nowrap">yxnu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol.</span></td> + <td class="parallelr">85. Then the rulers Huntoh and Vukubatz assigned to the chiefs of +the seven nations all their tributaries, that is to say, the people +of Popoya, Pancag, Holom, Mixco and Tamyac, all of whom were +Pokomams; as for those on the plains, the subjects of Itziyule, +Xeabah and Zakquchabah, the two rulers, Huntoh and Vukubatz, +reserved these for themselves. The seven nations and the chiefs +were subjected to a tribute. There were four rulers, but the two +named Chuluc and Xitamal Queh were not important. Soon afterwards +our ancestors were called <i>majesties</i> by all those of the seven +nations, at the time that the city of Iximche was founded. Thus +disappeared the glory of the Quiches, said our fathers and +ancestors, O my children.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parheadl"><i>Qui camibal ahaua vae.</i></td> + <td class="parheadr"><i>How the Rulers Died.</i></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text86" id="text86"></a>86. Ha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> nabey ahauh Huntoh xcam, ok xcam chic ahauh <span class="nowrap">Vukuba<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />.</span> Ka +mama <span class="nowrap">ti<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />il</span> chican tinamit ok xecam ahaua.</td> + <td class="parallelr">86. The first who died was the ruler Huntoh; then the ruler +Vukubatz died. Our ancestors had enlarged the city when they died.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><span class='pagenuml'><a name="Page_144" id="Page_144">[144]</a></span><a name="text87" id="text87"></a>87. Tok xahauar <span class="nowrap">chi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ahauh Lahuh Ah rubi, nabey <span class="nowrap">ru<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol</span> ahauh +Huntoh.</td> + <td class="parallelr"><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_145" id="Page_145">[145]</a></span>87. Then began to reign the ruler Lahuh Ah, first of the sons of +the ruler Huntoh.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text88" id="text88"></a>88. Tok xahauar <span class="nowrap">chi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ri ahauh Oxlahuh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ij</span> rubi, nabey ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol</span> +ahauh <span class="nowrap">Vukuba<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />,</span> he <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> belehe chi achij xe ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />aholah</span> ri ahauh ka +mama Cibakihay; Ximox ru bi rixhayil ahauh <span class="nowrap">Vukuba<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />.</span> Oxlahuh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ij</span> +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> rubi ri nabey ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol,</span> ahauh Cablahuh <span class="nowrap">Ba<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" /></span> ru bi rucam; +Chopena Tohin ru bi, rox Chopena <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />iquin</span> <span class="nowrap">u<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ru bi rucah, xetzak +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> pa labal ri e cay ka mama; Chopena Tohin xbe tzak Tucuru Cakixala +rubi huyu xtzakvi; Panatacat, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xtzak vi Chopena <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />iquin</span> <span class="nowrap">u<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a;</span> +Chopena Queh rubi roo; Nima Ahin ru vakuk; Xavi Ahin rubi chic ruvak, +Caok, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />atu</span> quibi he cay chic, e <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />alah</span> achiha ree ronohel ka +mama.</td> + <td class="parallelr">88. At the same time reigned the ruler Oxlahuh Tzii, oldest son of +the king Vukubatz. These are the nine rulers begotten by our +ancestor, the chief Cibakihay:—Ximox was the name of the wife of +Vukubatz; Oxlahuh Tzii was her eldest son; the chief Cablahuh Batz +was the second; Chopena Tohin was the third; Chopena Tziquin Uqa +was the fourth. These last two ancestors perished in battle. +Chopena Tohin was slain at the place called Tukuru Cakixala, and +Panatacat was the spot where fell Chopena Tziquin Uqa. Chopena Queh +was the fifth; Nima Ahin was the sixth; Xavi Ahin was the name of +the seventh, and Caok and Qatu were the two others. All these +ancestors of ours were equally illustrious.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text89" id="text89"></a>89. Ha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ri ahauh ka mama Oxlahuh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ij</span>, quere navipe ri Lahuhah, +kitzih tixibin que achihir, tixibin <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> quetamabal xa maqui meztah +rutzih qui tata qui mama. Xavi xcuker chican <span class="nowrap">ru<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ux</span> <span class="nowrap">al<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol</span> ok xeoc +chi ahauarem; xaui xere chican <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />al</span> tepeval xquiban chic ahaua; +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />iy</span> chi navipe nimak labal xquiban xcam <span class="nowrap">chi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ahauh Lahuhah. Ok xoc +chic ahauh Cablahuh Tihax rubi, nabey ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol</span> ahauh Lahuhah, xavi ha +ahauh Oxlahuh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ij</span> tan tahauar ok xahauar chic Cablahuh Tihax: xavi +xere qui <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />al</span> ahaua xux chican, <span class="nowrap">xa<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ki ru camic <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ikab,</span> ri +naual ahauh chila <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />echee,</span> ok xutih chic labal <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />eche</span> vinak chirih +Cakchequel vinak. Ha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />atan</span> que ahauar <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />iche</span> ri Tepepul, Yztayul +quibi, tok xtzain chic ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ux</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />eche</span> vinak chiri tinamit chi +Yximchee. Ki <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> tan nima vayhal tok xban xax ka nima teuh xcamiçan +avan pan Uchum, xyaar avan ruma teuh, <span class="nowrap">quere<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xçach vi echa ri, que +cha ri y mama,<span class='pagenuml'><a name="Page_146" id="Page_146">[146]</a></span> <span class="nowrap">yxnu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol.</span> Ok xu <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />am</span> ka <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />eche</span> vinak, <span class="nowrap">xa<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> hun +achi, anom xel Cakxiquel xapon <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />eche</span> ha, xaponiçan ru tzihol vayhal +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ichee,</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />i</span> xcha achij: kitzih tan nima vayh, mani <span class="nowrap">tu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hih</span> chic +vinak ruma vaihal, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />i</span> xcha tok xapon <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ichee.</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />i</span> <span class="nowrap">quere<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xhique +vi ru camiçaxic Cakchiquel ri ruma <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />eche</span> vinak camel chu <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ux.</span></td> + <td class="parallelr">89. These kings, our ancestors, Oxlahuh tzii, and Lahuh ah, truly +they frightened by their bravery, they frightened by their +knowledge, for they had not forgotten the words of their fathers +and ancestors. The hearts of their subjects were calm when these +princes assumed the power, and they exerted authority and control. +They had made many and great wars when the king Lahuh ah died. Then +came the king named Cablahuh Tihax, oldest son of the king Lahuh +ah; but Oxlahuh tzii continued to reign, Cablahuh Tihax ruling +jointly with him. In truth, the glory of these rulers was not fully +established until after the death of Qikab, when the magician-ruler +of Quiche and the Quiches recommenced the war with the Cakchiquels. +At that time there ruled at Quiche Tepepul and Iztayul, and the +Quiches regarded with jealousy the city of Iximche. At that time +there occurred a great famine, brought about by great cold, which +had destroyed the harvests in the month Uchum, and the harvests +were lost through this cold. For this reason, say our ancestors, +the food was all consumed. A fugitive Cakchiquel<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_147" id="Page_147">[147]</a></span> informed the +Quiches of this, bringing to the Quiches the news of this famine: +and this man said: “Truly, it is a great famine, and the people +cannot suffer the pains of this hunger.” So he said on arriving +among the Quiches. Therefore the death of the Cakchiquels was +decided on by the Quiches, and destruction was in their hearts.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parheadl"><i>Ru petebal vae.</i></td> + <td class="parheadr"><i>What Took Place.</i></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text90" id="text90"></a><a href="#note90">90.</a> Tok xpe <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xubok pe ri pa tinamit <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />umarcaah,</span> <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />iz</span> pe ronohel +ahaua; xpe <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> qui <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />abouil</span> ri Tohohil; humah <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ronohel achiha +xpeul; maqui ahilam chi vinak, maqui xa hu chuvy, ca chuvy xpe, xul <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> +chi <span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span> chiri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />u<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />um</span> ah vi ul xpopon vi ul chiri, ok xvikon <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> +chi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ha,</span> chi pocob, chi tooh, chi tunatiuh, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />u<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span> chi tunatiuh +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ubul,</span> chi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />alvach</span> puak abah, ca utal ok xpeul chiri.</td> + <td class="parallelr"><a href="#note90">90.</a> Then took place the defeat at the town of Gumarcaah and the +humiliation of all the princes. They brought out their god Tohohil +and the people came in crowds; the multitude was innumerable; it +was not merely in battalions of eight thousand and sixteen thousand +men, but they came by villages and districts. They came in battle +array, with their bows, their armor and their weapons, their +brilliant plumes, their shining circlets, their head decorated with +crowns of gold and precious stones; this was the manner of their +coming.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text91" id="text91"></a>91. Ha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chi lahuh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ij,</span> rucam ka <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />eche</span> vinak chi Yximchee, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />i</span> +mani <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ru tzihol <span class="nowrap">cu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />in</span> ka mama Oxlahuh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ij,</span> ha Cablahuh Tihax, +ok xpeul <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />echevinak,</span> camicay richin <span class="nowrap">Ço<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />il</span> Tukuchee. <span class="nowrap">Xa<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> anom +achij xkaçan pe, rutzihol camic <span class="nowrap">ru<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />in</span> ahaua; cabih tibin camic, +<span class="nowrap">mix<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />izpe</span> ronohel <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />eche</span> vinak, camiçay richin vinak tinamit, +xtoquebex, kitzih tixibin mixpeul, maqui xa hu chuvy ca chuvy achiha, +xcha ri achi anom ok xul Cakchiquel. Cani <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xepopon ahaua xecha: xaha +rutaon, utz mixpe xti katih ki <span class="nowrap">ru<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />in</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />iche</span> vinak, xecha ahaua. Cani +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xel camol bey, xel <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> hu <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hob</span> achiha ramonel chirih <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />eche</span> +vinak, xramatah vi <span class="nowrap">xa<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ruyon ah tinamit <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ulelaan,</span> ri xkape pa nima +bey chuvi huyu <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />at</span> beya qui, <span class="nowrap">xu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ulelaah</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ulel</span> Ah +<span class="nowrap">Tiba<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oy,</span> Ah Raxakan,<span class='pagenuml'><a name="Page_148" id="Page_148">[148]</a></span> xavi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xu <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />apihel</span> ru bey Ah <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />aleah,</span> Ah +Paçaki uleuh, Ah <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />inoma.</span></td> + <td class="parallelr">91. It was on the day 10th Tzy that occurred the destruction of the +Quiches at Iximche; but the news of it had not yet reached our +ancestors, <a name="corr21" id="corr21"></a><ins class="correction" title="Oxlahuh">Oxlahu</ins> tzii and Cablahuh Tihax, when the Quiches +came to destroy the Zotzil Tukuches. A fugitive came bearing to the +chiefs the news that they were to be slain: “Day after to-morrow +they will slay you. All the Quiche nation will come to slay and +destroy the people of the city, which they will enter by force; +truly their entry will be terrible, for they are many more than +eight thousand or sixteen thousand men.” Thus spoke this fugitive +when he arrived among the Cakchiquels. The chiefs immediately +assembled in council and said: “Listen! It is a good thing that we +are to measure ourselves against the Quiches.” Thus spoke the +chiefs. Immediately they sent forth messengers. One division of the +people formed and went forth to meet the Quiches, and the +inhabitants alone went forth to battle. They went by the main road +to the summit<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_149" id="Page_149">[149]</a></span> of the mountain, burning everything on the way. They +met in conflict the battalions from Tibaqoy and Raxakan, and closed +the road to those of Galeah, of Pazaki uleuh and Ginoma.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text92" id="text92"></a>92. Tok xucavuh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ri achiha chi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />haa,</span> chi pocob, chi tooh +<span class="nowrap">xa<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />elavachim</span> chic ok xkaul.</td> + <td class="parallelr">92. Then all the men took up their bows, their shields and various +weapons, awaiting the arrival of the enemies.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parheadl"><i>Ru camibal <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />iche</span> vinak.</i></td> + <td class="parheadr"><i>The Destruction of the Quiches.</i></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text93" id="text93"></a><a href="#note93">93.</a> Ki <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> pacac ru xe cah xkah pe chuvi huyu, cani <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xboz <span class="nowrap">ci<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" /></span> +yuyub, cani navipe xpae ru lakam, <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ahan</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> çubak, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />habi</span> tun, +xivac. Kitzih ti xibin ok xka pe <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />eche</span> <a name="corr22" id="corr22"></a><ins class="correction" title="This should read either vinak. Hucumah or vinak, hucumah">vinak. hucumah</ins> xka pe chi +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />otoh,</span> xmukutah yan ri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />otoh,</span> xka chipe xe huyu, ki na <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xul chu +chi ya, celahay ya, xavi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> tzekel pe ahauh Tepepul Yztayul, xavi +rachbilam pe ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />abouil.</span> Tok xpe <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ul ri ramonel chirih, kitzih +tixibin ok xpe ul, cani <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ahan</span> <span class="nowrap">ci<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" /></span> yuyuh, çubak, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />habitun,</span> xivac, +<span class="nowrap">xu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ut</span> ru puz, ru naval achiha: cani <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xu cahmah <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />echevinak,</span> mani +chic <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ulelaan,</span> cani xpaxin rij xyaar chi camic <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />echevinak,</span> maqui +ahilam xcam. <span class="nowrap">Quere<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ace</span> xtelecheex xquiya quij, ahaua Tepepul +Yztayul xuya ri qui <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />abouil.</span> <span class="nowrap">Quere<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />alel</span> achij, rahpop achi +ru mam ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol</span> ahauh ahxit ahpuvak, <span class="nowrap">ah<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ib,</span> <span class="nowrap">ah<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ot,</span> ronohel +achiha, kitzih xyaar chicamic, mahilam maqui xahu chuvy, ca chuvy chi +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />eche</span> vinak xu cam ka Cakchiquel, oher, quecha ka tata ka mama, +<span class="nowrap">yxnu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol;</span> <span class="nowrap">ha<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ahauh Oxlahuh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ij,</span> Cablahuh Tihax he navipe +Vooymox, <span class="nowrap">Rokelba<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />in</span> xebano maquina xaquere <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ar</span> huyu chi +Yximchee.</td> + <td class="parallelr"><a href="#note93">93.</a> When the dawn appeared, they (the Quiches) descended from the +hills, the cries and shouts of war broke forth, the banners were +displayed; then were heard the drums, the trumpets and the conches +of the combatants. Truly this descent of the Quiches was terrible. +They advanced rapidly in rank, and one might see afar off their +bands following one another, descending the mountain. They soon +reached the banks of the river, the houses by the water. They were +followed by the chiefs Tepepul and Iztayul, accompanying the god. +Then it was that the battalions met. Truly the encounter was +terrible. The cries and the shouts, the noise of the drums, the +trumpets and the conches resounded, mingled with the enchantments +of the heroes. The Quiches were routed in all directions, not one +fought, they were put to flight and delivered over to death, and no +one could count their slain. A great number of them were taken +prisoners, together with the kings Tepepul and Iztayul, who +delivered up their god. Thus the Galel-achi, the Ahpop-achi, the +grandson and son of the chief jeweler, the treasurer, the secretary +and the chief engraver and all the people were put to the sword. +The Quiches who were then killed by the Cakchiquels were not +counted by eight thousand or sixteen thousand; so said our fathers +and ancestors, O my children. Such were the deeds of the kings +Oxlahuh Tzy and Cablahuh Tihax, as also of Vooymox and Rokelbatzin. +Thus, and not otherwise, did they make glorious the city of +Iximche.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><span class='pagenuml'><a name="Page_150" id="Page_150">[150]</a></span><i>Ru camibal chic ahauh <span class="nowrap">Y<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hal</span> vae</i> (<i>Amolac, Lahuh Noh, Chicumcuat</i>).</td> + <td class="parallelr"><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_151" id="Page_151">[151]</a></span><i>The Death of the Chief Ychal</i> (<i>Amolac, Lahuh Noh, and +Chicumcuat</i>).</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text94" id="text94"></a><a href="#note94">94.</a> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />atan</span> ru <span class="nowrap">la<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />abem</span> ok Akahal vinak ri chuvi tinamit chi Holom +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />u<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />u</span> huyu <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ax<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />an</span> <span class="nowrap">ha<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> tan tahauar ri <span class="nowrap">Y<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hal</span> Amolac, <span class="nowrap">xa<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />axbe</span> +boy chij xka ruma qui çamahel ahaua Oxlahuh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ij,</span> Cablahuh Tihax, +xucheex: Ti pe tah rachihilal ahauh vican nu mama, ka hunamah chic ka +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ha,</span> ka pocob <span class="nowrap">ru<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />in,</span> ha ri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />eche</span> vinak mixrah nu tih chic labal +chirih nu civan nu tinamit, mi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xnuban richin chi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />eche</span> vinak; ka +tiha chi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> labal <span class="nowrap">ru<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />in,</span> ti <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />iz</span> pe ul rachihilal ahauh, xucheex +tok xboy chiix <span class="nowrap">Y<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hal.</span> Cani <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xhique ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ux</span> ahauh: Utzan chirichin +<span class="nowrap">Ahpoço<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />il,</span> Ahpoxahil, <span class="nowrap">ti<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />il</span> vachihilal <span class="nowrap">ti<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />iz</span> be ronohel +vachihilal, yn <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> nun quibe, tibe vetamahel huyu Cakchiquel, tibe +kabanael labal <span class="nowrap">cu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />in</span> <span class="nowrap">vica<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> nu mam, cani xcha ahauh <span class="nowrap">Y<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hal</span> chique +camahal.</td> + <td class="parallelr"><a href="#note94">94.</a> Meanwhile the Akahals occupied the towns Holom, Guguhuyu and +Qaxqan, having for king Ychal Amollac. Messengers were sent to him +by the kings Oxlahuh tzii and Cablahuh Tikax, with the order that +he should come down, and they said: “Let the bravery of the king be +made manifest to our ancients, let us measure with him our bows and +our shields. The Quiches wished to try their arms against our +ravine and our city, and we have dealt with the Quiches. Let us now +try this one in war; let the king come and show his valor.” Thus +did they say and sent this word to Ychal. The heart of the king was +soon resolved. “Let it be according to the desire of the +Ahpozotzils and Ahpoxahils. I will increase my strength and I will +go and show them all my valor. I will go alone; I will see what is +the place of the Cakchiquels; I will go down to make war with the +descendants of my grandfather.” Thus spoke the king Ychal to the +messengers.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text95" id="text95"></a>95. Cani <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xequicot ahaua tok xel pe ru tzihol ahauh <span class="nowrap">Y<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hal,</span> cani +xquipopoh quitzih ahaua chirih <span class="nowrap">Y<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hal:</span> Utz mixpe cani ti ka chup ru +vach maqui ti keleçah chic kivi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />axto<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" /></span> chi <span class="nowrap">Y<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hal,</span> xecha ahaua cani +xhique ru camic cuma ka mama​—​Hunahpu <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ian,</span> Nimaçahay, <span class="nowrap">Ahci<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahuh,</span> +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hooc</span> Tacatic, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />imahi</span> Piaculcan, Xumak Cham, xcak vachitah ruma +ulamach puvaka, raponic xehuna cauh.</td> + <td class="parallelr">95. The chiefs rejoiced when the words of Ychal reached them, and +the chiefs took counsel in words against Ychal: “It is well that he +be hidden from the light, that we disobey not the Demon on account +of Ychal.” Thus spoke the princes. Then his death was resolved upon +by our ancestors​—​Hunahpu Tzian, Nimazahay, Ahciqahuh, Qhooc +Tacatic, Tzimahi Piaculcan and Xumak Cham, who were envious of his +person on account of the riches that he had, and the height to +which he had raised his courage.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text96" id="text96"></a><a href="#note96">96.</a> Tok xpe <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ul ahauh <span class="nowrap">Y<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hal,</span> tzatz rachihilal xpe naual ahauh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> +ri <span class="nowrap">Y<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hal,</span> xcha can ru pixa chi rochoch: Vue quinul vue maqui chic +quinul, vue yn camel; vae xquibe xcha can ahauh. Ok xpe ul cani xuna +ahauh, ki <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> tel pe <span class="nowrap">çakli<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol</span> ri ahauh; tok xuna, xcha: <span class="nowrap">Ti<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />eta</span> +<span class='pagenuml'><a name="Page_152" id="Page_152">[152]</a></span>na <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ak,</span> chun çakcab quixbanon quix vikon baka ki xbiçah ki chuvach +<span class="nowrap">Ço<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />il</span> Tukuchee, xcha chique rachihilal. <span class="nowrap">Quere<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ok xtzolih <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hakap</span> +ru hay ru chinamit, tok relic chic ahauh lahuh Noh.</td> + <td class="parallelr"><a href="#note96">96.</a> Then the king Ychal went forth, and a great number of +distinguished warriors went with the king. He was profound in +knowledge, and he left these words to his house: “Whether I return, +or whether I do not return, my death is at hand.” The king +departed, saying these words. When it was known that the king was +on<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_153" id="Page_153">[153]</a></span> the road, the people came to carry him on their shoulders. When +he heard them he said: “Look to your walls; look to your lime and +your war paint; be prepared and your arms at hand, that you appear +not cast down before the Zotzil Tukuches.” Thus he spoke to his +warriors, and they returned in midway to their houses and villages. +The chief came on the day 10th Noh.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text97" id="text97"></a>97. Xa <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />elavachiym</span> chic ok xul pa tinamit chi Yximchee, +hiquilibem chic ru camic, banoninak chic achiha tok xul; pan pop <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> +xtakevi ok xul; xaki xrulibeh tok xcam ahauh <span class="nowrap">ru<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />in</span> ronohel rachihilal: +xchapol richin ri yacol <span class="nowrap">cu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />i</span> ya, tok xoc apon, xe yaar chicamic Akahal +vinak. <span class="nowrap">Quere<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> rucamic <span class="nowrap">Y<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hal</span> Amolac ri chi Yximchee. <span class="nowrap">Va<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> quibi +rachihilale, ri xecam <span class="nowrap">ru<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />in,</span> he nimak achiha: Çoroch, Hukahic, +Tameltoh, Huvarahbix, <span class="nowrap">Vail<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol,</span> queucheex, he <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />alah</span> tak achiha, +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />iy</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chubinem achiha xcam. <span class="nowrap">Quere<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> rukahic tinamit chi Holom, ri +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />iy</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ovi</span> Akahal vinak chuvi tinamit, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ax<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />an,</span> Ralabal <span class="nowrap">Y<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />,</span> +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />u<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />uhuyu,</span> Vukuçivan. Xavi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ax</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />iz</span> cam chic ri ronohel tinamit +cuma ahaua Oxlahuh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />iy,</span> Cablahuh Tihax, xrah <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ru <span class="nowrap">la<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />abeh</span> chic, +Xerahapit, ru kaxba chi chic Akahal vinak, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chiri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap">xto<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />e</span> vi ru +camic.</td> + <td class="parallelr">97. His face was sorrowful as he entered the city of Iximche, where +they were consulting of his death. It had been decided upon by the +chiefs when he came. At his arrival he was called to the council, +but no sooner was he entered than he was slain, and his brave +companions with him. His cup bearer was seized as soon as he +entered, and was slain, as of the Akahal nation. Thus perished +Ychal Amolac at Iximche. These are the names of the warriors who +perished with him, all distinguished men: Zoroch, Hukahic, +Tameltoh, Huvurahbix, Vailgahol; thus they were called, these noble +men, who went forth to die with him. Thus it came that the city of +Holom was conquered, as also the towns of Qaxqan, Ralabalyq, +Guguhuyu and Vukucivan, where dwelt many people of the Akahal +nation. All the towns finished by yielding to the arms of the kings +Oxlahuh tzy and Cablahuh Tihax. Desiring to repeople Xerahapit, the +Akahal nation were transferred there, and there they bewailed their +dead.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parheadl"><i>Ru camibal chic Caoke vae.</i></td> + <td class="parheadr"><i>The Death of Caoke.</i></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text98" id="text98"></a>98. Paraxtunya, <span class="nowrap">Belehe<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ih</span> rubi ahauh. Xax <span class="nowrap">rach<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ul</span> chijh ahauh Voo +Caok, <span class="nowrap">Ah<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />iquinahay;</span> xa xuçolrih labal Caoke, labal ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ux.</span> Cani +xuban ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oxtun</span> ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />otoh,</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />al</span> chic xraho ahauh Belehe <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ih:</span> +tok xecha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ahaua Oxlahuh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ij,</span> Cablahuh Tihax, ok <span class="nowrap">xa<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xax ru +tzihol qui çolbol labal: ki vi pe chi ytzel ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ux</span> chi <span class="nowrap">Ah<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />iquinahay</span> +chi Belehe <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ih,</span> tan qui ru çol chuvih chi<span class='pagenuml'><a name="Page_154" id="Page_154">[154]</a></span> nu vach, mi <span class="nowrap">xu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />am</span> +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />al</span> chu <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ux</span> chi Caoke utz ka bana labal <span class="nowrap">ru<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />in,</span> xecha ahaua. +Cani <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xhique ru camic Caoke, xbe achiha camiçay richin, kitzih <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> +achih Caoke, ru nah xcam, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> roxlah xka ru tinamit, xutih ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ih</span> +Caoke oxlahuh <span class="nowrap">chi<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ih,</span> xban tzaloh, ok xka tinamit Paraxtunya cuma ka +mama Oxlahuh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ij,</span> Cablahuh Tihax, xcaminak ok <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ronohel ri +mixkabijh can.</td> + <td class="parallelr">98. At Paraxtunya, Belehe gih by name was chief. He had made an +alliance with the chief Voocaok, the Ahtziquinahay. Caoke was +inclined to war, and war was in his heart. Having built a +stronghold with ditches, Belehe gih desired the supreme power. The +kings Oxlahuh tzy and Cablahuh Tihax learning these preparations +for war, said: “Truly there is an evil mind in the chiefs +Ahtziquinahay and Belehe gih. They have turned war toward us, and +the chief Caoke has already in his heart<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_155" id="Page_155">[155]</a></span> assumed the supreme +power. Let us give them war.” So said the chieftains, and from that +time the death of Caoke was resolved upon. Warriors set out to slay +him. But Caoke was brave, and, far from yielding, thirteen times he +descended from his town and for thirteen days endeavored to save +his life. Finally the town of Paraxtunya having been assaulted, it +was captured by our ancestors Oxlahuh tzy and Cablahuh Tihax, who +put to death all whom we have named.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parheadl"><i>Tok xban <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> yuhuh chi Yximche.</i></td> + <td class="parheadr"><i>Then the Revolt Took Place at Iximche.</i></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text99" id="text99"></a>99. Vae xa vuleuh ri ru xe <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />haoh</span> xtiquer Akahal vinak qui <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ulel</span> +Tukuchee; xax <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ot</span> cavex Akahal vinak cuma Tukuchee; cani <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xchapo +ri <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />açin</span> ri vinak tok <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ot</span> avex, tzam <span class="nowrap">Chi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ib</span> xban vi oher ruma +vinak.</td> + <td class="parallelr">99. A question of land was the real cause of the struggle, when the +Akahals strove with the Tukuches, because the harvests of the +Akahals had been destroyed by the Tukuches. Those who beat the +persons injuring the harvests were seized at the point of Chiqib, +the place where this took place among those men of old.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text100" id="text100"></a>100. <span class="nowrap">Xa<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ana</span> vinakil quichin ahaua Cablahuh Tihax, Oxlahuh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ij</span> +ruma Tukuchee, ruma Akahal vinak, <span class="nowrap">ha<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> tan cahaual Tukuchee ri Cay +Hunahpu ru bi, atzih vinak Cavek, he navipe ri ahaua <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />iria</span> Yyu, +<span class="nowrap">Tox<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />om</span> Noh qui bi; <span class="nowrap">xa<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xret vachih ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />al</span> ri ahauh Cay +Hunahpu, xa <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />iy</span> ral <span class="nowrap">ru<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol,</span> <span class="nowrap">xa<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> maqui xya Akahal vinak chi camic +chirichin ruma <span class="nowrap">Ahpopço<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />il</span> Ahpopxahil, camel tah Akahal vinak chu +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ux</span> Cay Hunahpu; <span class="nowrap">quere<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xebe vi chirih ahauh Cablahuh Tihax, +Oxlahuh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ij</span> ruma Cay Hunahpu, xax <span class="nowrap">ru<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />in</span> vi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xcako ruvach chire +<span class="nowrap">Ahpopço<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />il</span> Ahpopxahil, xata ruyon xahauar xraho ahauh. Tok xnimatah +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />haoh</span> cuma ahaua, ha ahauh Cay Hunahpu ki xahoon ru banic yuhuh, +ha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ari</span> ahauh Cay Hunahpu kitzih labal <span class="nowrap">ru<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ux,</span> xax maqui chivi xraho +ahauh xelahibex ruvach cuma ahaua, Oxlahuh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ij,</span> Cablahuh Tihax, xa +nima tahinak chic ahauh, tok xelahibex ruvach, he maqui yuhuh cahoom +ahaua <span class="nowrap">al<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol,</span> pokon<span class='pagenuml'><a name="Page_156" id="Page_156">[156]</a></span> xquina; <span class="nowrap">quere<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> kitzih xibin ri quichin ahaua +xuna Cay Hunahpu xax maqui chivi xraho <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />il.</span></td> + <td class="parallelr">100. The judges in this affair were the kings Cablahuh Tihax and +Oxlahuh tzy, for the Tukuches; and for the Akahals, the Tukuche +chief called Cay Hunahpu, the head chief Cavek, and the chiefs +Qiriayu and Toxqomnoh. One could see in Cay Hunahpu the demeanor of +supreme power, and he had many vassals; but the Ahpopzotzils and +the Ahpopxahils refused to deliver up to him the Akahals to be +slain. For already in his heart Cay Hunahpu had resolved to destroy +the Akahals. For this reason there was a revolt against Cablahuh +Tihax and Oxlahuh tzy, by the instigation of Cay Hunahpu; for this +chief disliked the Ahpopzotzil and the Ahpopxahil, and would have +liked to rule alone. Thus the revolt spread among the chiefs. The +chief Cay Hunahpu desired the revolt; for this chief Cay Hunahpu +had resolved in his heart the revolt, and he could not be satisfied +until he had forced the kings Oxlahuh tzy and Cablahuh Tihax to +humble themselves that he might become great. Then these princes +did humble themselves, that there should not be a conflict between +their people,<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_157" id="Page_157">[157]</a></span> and they grieved deeply. Thus did Cay Hunahpu +frighten these two kings; but he could not be satisfied without +using violence.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text101" id="text101"></a>101. Tok <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hique</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ih</span> xbanvi yuhuh ruma ahauh Cay Hunahpu, ha +chi hulahuh Ah xban yuhuh: tok xuhuruh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> el rij Tukuchee pa tinamit +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />haka</span> ya xbe ti <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />e</span> vi el ronohel <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> rachihilal Tukuchee, xoquiben +tinamit; maqui <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xcaho rachihilal ahauh Cablahuh Tihax Oxlahuh +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ij;</span> xa hu <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hob</span> achiha <span class="nowrap">xcha<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />obem</span> quitzih ahaua ah Xechipeken, +rahpop achi Cinahitoh ru bi achi tan tachihir chiri Xechipeken.</td> + <td class="parallelr">101. The day of the revolt was appointed by this chief, Cay +Hunahpu, and on this day, 11th Ah, the revolt broke out. Then the +Tukuches were drawn out of the city, to the other side of the +river, and all the Tukuche warriors went there also, that they +might enter the city; but the warriors of the kings Cablahuh Tihax +and Oxlahuh tzy opposed them. One division of warriors was enough +to drive them off, encouraged by the words of the kings, a division +from Xechipeken; and these of Xechipeken, with their ruler the +counselor Cinahitoh, distinguished themselves by their bravery.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parheadl"><i>Ru camibal Tukuchee va kitzih xyaar chi camic.</i></td> + <td class="parheadr"><i>The Destruction of the Tukuches, who were, in fact, Massacred.</i></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text102" id="text102"></a><a href="#note102">102.</a> Ki <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ti pacatah ru xecah chi hulahuh Ah xboz pe Tukuchee <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />haka</span> +tinamit, cani <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ahan</span> ru çubak, ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />habi</span> tun ahauh Cay Hunahpu, +vikital chi tooh, chi tunatiuh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />u<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span> chi tunatiuh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ubul,</span> chi +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />alvach</span> puak abah. Ok xboz pe <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />haka</span> ya, kitzih tixibin maqui ahilam +chi Tukuchee, mani xahu chuvy, ca chuvy. Tok xtiquer <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> tzaloh chuvach +tinamit tzam <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />am,</span> <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ulu</span> vi ri labal <span class="nowrap">ha<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap">Chucuyba<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />in</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />amol</span> +yuhuh cuma Tukuchee; <span class="nowrap">xa<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> e cahi chi yxoki xevik chi achcayupil qui +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ha</span> <span class="nowrap">xqui<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />exevachibeh</span> labal, hunelic rucahichal ral; qui <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ha</span> xoc +chuva ru pop <span class="nowrap">Chucuyba<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />in</span> ruma achiha: tixibin chi nima yuhuh xquiban +ahaua oher; ha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />amol</span> tzaloh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ate</span> <span class="nowrap">xqui<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ut</span> chic qui tiohil yxoki +chuvach pa <span class="nowrap">Ço<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />il</span> pa Xahil <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ak</span> xeel vi yxoki; kina xeel pe chiri +tok xboz <span class="nowrap">chi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> hu <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hob</span> pa nima bey chi nima <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />otoh,</span> ruyon <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> +achiha ri ah <span class="nowrap">Tiba<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oy,</span> ah Raxakan hucumah<span class='pagenuml'><a name="Page_158" id="Page_158">[158]</a></span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xpaxel ri pa nima bey; +xa cay xutzak can ri ok xpaxel, <span class="nowrap">ha<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ri xka ul <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />haka</span> tinamit xyaloh +tzaloh, <span class="nowrap">ha<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xramon ri rahpop achi Cinahitoh ah Xechipeken.</td> + <td class="parallelr"><a href="#note102">102.</a> When the dawn appeared on the day 11th Ah, the Tukuches began +on the opposite side from the city, and the drums and trumpets of +the chief Cay Hunahpu were heard. Then the warriors armed, and +displayed their brilliant feathers and shining banners, and gold +and precious stones. Then it began on the other side of the river, +and truly it was terrible for the number of the Tukuches, who could +not be counted by eight thousands nor by sixteen thousands. The +battle began before the city, at the end of the bridge where +Chucuybatzin, placed at the head of the struggle by the Tukuches, +had brought the fighting. There were four women who had armed +themselves with lances and bows, and taken part in the battle, +fully equal to four young men. The arrows launched by these +heroines struck the very mat of Chucuybatzin. Truly it was a +terrible revolt which the chiefs made of old. The chiefs of the +battle afterwards set up the images of these women before the +buildings of the Zotzils and the Xahils, whence these women had +gone forth. As they departed, there suddenly appeared<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_159" id="Page_159">[159]</a></span> a division +in the high road near the deep trenches. It rapidly scattered the +warriors of Tibaqoy and Raxakan on the high road. Only two of the +men fell in this encounter, and he who led them beyond the city to +prolong the combat was the same who had gained the previous +victory, the counselor Cinahitoh of Xechipeken.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text103" id="text103"></a>103. Tok xpe <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ramonel chirih Tukuchee, cani <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xucahmah mani chic +<span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ulelaan</span> canih xpaxin rij, xyaar achiha, xyaar yxok aqual chi camic, +xuyari ahauh Cay Hunahpu, xuya <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ri ahauh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />iriniyu,</span> <span class="nowrap">Tox<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />om</span> Noh, +ronohel <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ru mam ahauh ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol</span> ahauh. <span class="nowrap">Cani<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xbe <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />eche</span> ri Ah +<span class="nowrap">Tiba<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oy,</span> Ah Raxakan, xbe <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />utuhil</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hakap,</span> xhito <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ri +ronohel chucochol <span class="nowrap">al<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol,</span> xpaxin ri ronohel. <span class="nowrap">Quera<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> tok xyaar +Tukuchee ri oher, <span class="nowrap">yxnu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol,</span> <span class="nowrap">he<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ka maa <span class="nowrap">Oxlahuh<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ij,</span> Cablahuh +Tihax xebano, chi hulahuh Ah, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xban xpax Tukuchee.</td> + <td class="parallelr">103. Then began a general attack on the Tukuches; they were cut to +pieces at once; no one resisted; the rout was complete; men, women +and children were given up to slaughter. The chief Cay Hunahpu was +slain; the chiefs Tziriniyu and Toxqom Noh all perished, as well as +their fathers and children. Immediately those of Tibaqoy and +Raxakan retired, partly to Quiche, partly among the Tzutuhils. They +mingled with their subjects and were thus dispersed. Such was the +destruction of the Tukuches, in old times, O my children. It was +our ancestors Oxlahuh tzy and Cablahuh Tihax who, on the day 11th +Ah, undertook and accomplished the dispersion of the Tukuches.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text104" id="text104"></a>104. Ru hulahu vinak ok <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> tiban yuhuh, ok xrah cam chic Ah <span class="nowrap">Tiba<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oy,</span> +ruma <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />echevinak,</span> haok xbe tiqeel Tukuchee Chiavar, xyaar <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />eche</span> vinak +chi camic chiri, xtzak can Yaxon <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ui</span> ru bi, chi belehe Caok.</td> + <td class="parallelr">104. Thirty-one days after the revolt, as the Quiches desired to +destroy those of Tibaqoy, these Tukuches removed to Chiavar and put +to death the Quiches, who yielded in a battle at a place named +Yaxontzui, on the day 9th Caok.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text105" id="text105"></a>105. Ru vaklahu vinak, ok tiban yuhuh, xcam chic Cinahitoh, xax rah +rumah ahauh atzih vinak Ahmoxnay, xa ruyon chi Chinahitoh xax rah <span class="nowrap">y<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />o</span> +ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />al</span> chi qui vi ahaua, <span class="nowrap">quere<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xyaar vi Cinahitoh ri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />iy</span> +chubinem achiha xcam pa tinamit chi hulahuh Can xban.</td> + <td class="parallelr">105. On the 36th day after the revolt Cinahitoh perished, because +he coveted the position of the orator Ahmoxnay. Cinahitoh wished to +exercise the power alone, above the chieftains, therefore Cinahitoh +was condemned by all the chiefs, and his death was carried into +effect in the city on the day 11th Can.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text106" id="text106"></a><a href="#note106">106.</a> Xlauheh oktel huna yuhuh <span class="nowrap">xhi<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ax</span> chic ahauh atzih vinak Ahmoxnay, +chi hulahuh Akbal, xa xuhaeh coboyel ahaua, ha xcam ri ahauh.</td> + <td class="parallelr"><a href="#note106">106.</a> One year less ten days after the revolt was hanged the chief +orator Ahmoxnay on the day 11th Akbal. This chief perished because +he had stopped the messengers of the ruler.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><span class='pagenuml'><a name="Page_160" id="Page_160">[160]</a></span>Chi vahxaki Ah xel huna yuhuh.</td> + <td class="parallelr"><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_161" id="Page_161">[161]</a></span>The day 8 Ah was one year after the Revolt.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text107" id="text107"></a>107. <span class="nowrap">Xa<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> halachic matel ru caba ru camic Tukuchee, ok xcam chic +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />utuhile</span> pa Çakcab, ha chi hun Ahmak; xyaar chic <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />utuhile</span> chi +camic, xqui ya qui ahaua Nahtihay, <span class="nowrap">Ah<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ibihay;</span> xa <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ha chic maqui xu +ya ri ahauh Vookaok <span class="nowrap">Ah<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />iquinahay,</span> ha chic xtzain ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ux</span> chirih +Cakchiquel.</td> + <td class="parallelr">107. It was not much less than two years after the defeat of the +Tukuches, when the Tzutuhils were defeated at Zakcab on the day 1st +Ahmak. The Tzutuhils were cut to pieces and their rulers Nahtihay +and Ahqibihay were slain. Only Vookaok, the Ahtziquinahay, could +not be conquered, and he tried his fortune against the Cakchiquels.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell">Chi voo Ah xel ru caba ru banic yuhuh.</td> + <td class="parallelr">The day 5 Ah was two years after the Revolt.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell">Chi cay Ah xel oxi huna ru banic yuhuh.</td> + <td class="parallelr">The day 2 Ah was three years after the Revolt.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text108" id="text108"></a>108. Ha chi oxi Queh xban chic yuhuh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />eche,</span> xbe ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ul</span> vachih chi el +Tukuchee yuhuh chiri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />iche.</span></td> + <td class="parallelr">108. On the day 3 Queh there was a revolt in Quiche. The Tukuches +went to take part, and joined in the revolt in Quiche.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell">Cablahuh Ah xel ru cah huna yuhuh.</td> + <td class="parallelr">The day 12 Ah completed the fourth year after the Revolt.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text109" id="text109"></a><a href="#note109">109.</a> Chupam voo huna xcam chic Ah Mixcu tzukul richin ahauh Cablahuh +Tihax xax rah ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ariçah</span> ri; chi Vuku Camey, xka ru tinamit Ah +Mixcu, xyaar chi camic ruma achiha.</td> + <td class="parallelr"><a href="#note109">109.</a> During the fifth year those of Mixco were put to death; being +tributaries of the king Cablahuh Tihax, they wished to make +themselves independent. On the day 7 Camay, the town of Mixco was +taken and its inhabitants slain by the chiefs.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text110" id="text110"></a><a href="#note110">110.</a> Ok xcam <span class="nowrap">chi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> Yaqui Ah Xivicu, xax rach <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ul</span> chijh ahauh voo +kaok rahaual Akahal vinak, haok <span class="nowrap">xti<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />e</span> chic chuvach huyu, Akahal vinak, +xrah <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ar</span> chic chiri.</td> + <td class="parallelr"><a href="#note110">110.</a> At the same time were put to death the Yaquis of Xivico, +because they had taken part with the king Vookaok, Chief of the +Akahals, this nation of the Akahals having begun to lift itself +before the town, desiring to obtain power.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text111" id="text111"></a>111. <span class="nowrap">Va<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ih</span> ok <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />atel</span> Voo rubanic yuhuh ok xcam chic Akahal vinak +chuvach huyu, xaxrah <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ar</span> chic ahauh chu vach huyu.</td> + <td class="parallelr">111. Six days were wanting to complete five years from the revolt +when the Akahals were cut in pieces before the town, with their +king, because they wished to be independent of the town.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><span class='pagenuml'><a name="Page_162" id="Page_162">[162]</a></span>Chi belehe Ah, xel voo huna rubanic yuhuh.</td> + <td class="parallelr"><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_163" id="Page_163">[163]</a></span>The 9 Ah completed the fifth year after the Revolt.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell">Vakaki Ah, xel ruvakah yuhuh.</td> + <td class="parallelr">The 6 Ah completed the sixth year after the Revolt.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell">Chi oxi Ah, xel ruvuk huna yuhuh.</td> + <td class="parallelr">On the 3 Ah there were seven years from the Revolt.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text112" id="text112"></a>112. Chupam ruvahxak huna yuhuh xcam chic <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />utuhile,</span> ruma ah Xeynup, +Xepalica, xe yaar vi chicamic, xtzak can Çakbin Ahmak chi oxlahuh Ahmak.</td> + <td class="parallelr">112. In the eighth year after the revolt, the Tzutuhils were +defeated by those of Xeynup and Xepalica; they were slaughtered, +Zakbin and Ahmak having perished in the action on the day 13 Ahmak.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell">Chi oxlahuh Ah, xel vahxaka yuhuh.</td> + <td class="parallelr">On the day 13 Ah there were eight years from the revolt.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell">Chi lahuh Ah, xel ru beleh huna.</td> + <td class="parallelr">On 10 Ah there were nine years from the revolt.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text113" id="text113"></a>113. Cablauheh oktel lauha yuhuh ok <span class="nowrap">xi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />o</span> pokob Cakchiquel ruma ahauh +kamama Oxlahuh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ij,</span> kitzih chi nima <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />al</span> xban xul ronohel vuk +<span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> chi Yximchee, chi vahxaki Ymox xban.</td> + <td class="parallelr">113. Twelve days were lacking to complete the tenth year after the +revolt when the Cakchiquels put on their shields on account of the +king our ancestor, Oxlahuh tzy; for truly he showed great power in +making all the seven nations come to Iximche, which he did on the +day 8 Imox.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell">Chi vuku Ah, ru lauha rubanic yuhuh.</td> + <td class="parallelr">The day 7 Ah completed the tenth year after the Revolt.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell">Chi cahi Ah, xel ru hulauha.</td> + <td class="parallelr">On 4 Ah there were eleven years from the Revolt.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell">Chi Hun ah, ru cablauha.</td> + <td class="parallelr">On 1 Ah there were twelve years.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell">Chi hulahuh Ah <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />axel</span> roxlauha yuhuh <span class="nowrap">(Ahpoço<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />il).</span></td> + <td class="parallelr">On 11 Ah there were thirteen years from the revolt (of the +Ahpozotzils).</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text114" id="text114"></a>114. Oxlahuh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />iquin</span> xcam <span class="nowrap">xo<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ohauh</span> Vooqueh ri xhaylah Lahuh Tihax ru +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ikab.</span> <span class="nowrap">Xa<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> hala chic matel cahlauha yuhuh ok xcam ahauh +Oxlahuh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ij,</span> ka mama; chi oxi Ahmak xcam ahauh, kitzih chi tixibin ru +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />al</span> chia ahauh, manix <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hacatah</span> vi ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ih</span> ralaxic, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />i</span><span class='pagenuml'><a name="Page_164" id="Page_164">[164]</a></span> ya +labal xuban, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />iya</span> tinamit xukaçah tok xcam. He chi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xeru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />aholah</span> +ahauh ree:​—​</td> + <td class="parallelr">114. On the day 13 Tziquin died the princess Vooqueh who had +married Lahuh Tihax, son of Qikab. Little was lacking to complete +the fourteenth year after the Revolt when the king our ancestor +Oxlahuh tzy also died. He died on the day 13 Ahmak. Truly this king +had made himself feared by his power; never was his power<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_165" id="Page_165">[165]</a></span> or his +grandeur diminished; he undertook many wars and conquered many +cities. These are the children he begat:—</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text115" id="text115"></a>115. <span class="nowrap">Huny<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span> rubi nabey <span class="nowrap">ru<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol,</span> <span class="nowrap">ha<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xoc chi ahauarem ok xcam +ahauh Oxlahuh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ij</span> ru tata, ronohel tzih cahi chi <span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> ok xahauar +ahauh <span class="nowrap">Huny<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />.</span> Vakaki Ahmak ru bi ru cam al; Noh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> voxal; <span class="nowrap">Belehe<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />at</span> +ru cahal; Ymox voo al; Noh ruvakakal. Maku <span class="nowrap">X<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />uhay</span> rubi <span class="nowrap">xo<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ohauh</span> +xixhayl ahauh Oxlahuh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ij;</span> xae oxi xeralah, ha nabey ri ahauh +<span class="nowrap">Huny<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />;</span> he <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> cay yxoc huhun <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> qui te ri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hakap</span> ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol</span> +ahauh, xa ri xnam ahauh xalan ri <span class="nowrap">Belehe<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />at.</span></td> + <td class="parallelr">115. Hunyg was the name of his first son, and he obtained the power +when the king Oxlahuh tzy his father died, and all four of the +tribes gave their consent that Hunyg should be chief. Vakaki Ahmak +was the name of the second son; Noh was the third; Beleheqat the +fourth; Imox the fifth, Maku Xguhay was the name of the queen, wife +of the king Oxlahuh tzy. She had three children, oldest of whom was +the king Hunyg. He had also two other wives, each of whom was +mother of part of the children of the king; and the mother of the +king (Hunyg) had also Beleheqat.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell">Chi vahxaki Ah <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />axel</span> ru cahlauha yuhuh.</td> + <td class="parallelr">The day 8 Ah completed the 14th year after the Revolt.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text116" id="text116"></a>116. Ok xcam <span class="nowrap">chi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ahauh Cablahuh Tihax; chi cahi Ey xcam ahauh.</td> + <td class="parallelr">116. Then died the king Cablahuh Tihax; this king died on the day 4 +Ey.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell">Voo Ah, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xel rolauha rubanic yuhuh.</td> + <td class="parallelr">The day 5 Ah completed the 15th year after the revolt.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text117" id="text117"></a><a href="#note117">117.</a> Tok xahauar <span class="nowrap">chi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ahauh Lahuh Noh rubi, nabey ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol</span> ahauh +Cablahuh Tihax. He <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xeulaan Yaqui Ah Culuvacan, ri ahauh <span class="nowrap">Huny<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span> +Lahuh Noh; chi hun Toh xeul Yaqui ru çamahel ahauh Modecçumatzin rahaual +Ah Mexicu.</td> + <td class="parallelr"><a href="#note117">117.</a> Then began also to reign the king Lahuh Noh, eldest son of the +king Cablahuh Tihax. At this time the Yaquis of Culuacan were +received by the kings Hunyg and Lahuh Noh. The Yaquis arrived on +the day 1 Toh, sent by the king Modeczumatzin, king of the +Mexicans.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text118" id="text118"></a><a href="#note118">118.</a> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ki <span class="nowrap">xka<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />et</span> ri oki xeul ri Yaqui Ah Culuvacan, he +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />iya</span> Yaqui xeul oher, <span class="nowrap">yxnu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol,</span> tantahauar ka mama <span class="nowrap">Huny<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> Lahuh +Noh.</td> + <td class="parallelr"><a href="#note118">118.</a> And we ourselves saw these Yaquis of Culuacan when they +arrived; and they came in old times in great number, these Yaquis, +O my children, during the reign of our ancestor Hunyg and Lahuh +Noh.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell">Chi cay Ah, xel ru vaklauha ru banic yuhuh.</td> + <td class="parallelr">The day 2 Ah completed the 16th year after the Revolt.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><span class='pagenuml'><a name="Page_166" id="Page_166">[166]</a></span><a name="text119" id="text119"></a>119. Chupam huna xoc chic labal chuvach <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ichevinak,</span> chi vahxaki +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />anel</span> xoc <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />am</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />eche,</span> tantahauar <span class="nowrap">Huny<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> ka mama tan <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> nima +rahpop achi ymama chiri ok xoc labal <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />echee,</span> <span class="nowrap">yxnu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol,</span> <span class="nowrap">he<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ki +xebano chic labal <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />iche</span> ri y mama rahpop Achi Balam, rahpop achi +<span class="nowrap">Y<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ich,</span> ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />alel</span> achi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />atu,</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />iya</span> camic <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />eche</span> vinak cuma; +maquina xaquere <span class="nowrap">xe<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ar</span> ka tata ka mama.</td> + <td class="parallelr"><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_167" id="Page_167">[167]</a></span>119. During the year the war broke out afresh with the Quiches. On +the day 8 Ganel Quiche was entered and taken when Hunyg our +ancestor was ruling, a great counselor and ancient man, when the +war entered Quiche. O my children. Those who began this war at +Quiche were the old men, the counselor Balam, the counselor Ygich, +and the noble Qatu; and many Quiches perished through them. But not +thus did our fathers and ancestors acquire their power.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell">Chi cablahuh Ah, xel ru vuklauha ru banic yuhuh.</td> + <td class="parallelr">The day 12 Ah completed the 17th year after the Revolt.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell">Chi belehe Ah, xel chic vahxaklauha yuhuh.</td> + <td class="parallelr">The day 9 Ah completed the 18th year after the Revolt.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text120" id="text120"></a>120. Chupam <span class="nowrap">chi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> huna ok <span class="nowrap">xey<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />o</span> chicop, xche chel ut, quere ri e ute +chi oxi Caok <span class="nowrap">xey<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />o</span> oher pa tinamit chi Yximchee, kitzih tixibin chi +chicop.</td> + <td class="parallelr">120. During this year the beasts and doves came out of the forests, +and on the day 3 Caok the doves passed over the city of Iximche, +and truly it was terrifying to see the beasts.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text121" id="text121"></a>121. <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> vo vinak ok <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> que <span class="nowrap">y<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />o</span> xche chel ut, ok <span class="nowrap">xei<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />o</span> <span class="nowrap">chi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> +<span class="nowrap">ça<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />:</span> chi cay <span class="nowrap">Y<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> <span class="nowrap">xey<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />o</span> pa tinamit kitzih, que xibin chi <span class="nowrap">ça<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" /></span> +<span class="nowrap">xey<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />o</span> oher.</td> + <td class="parallelr">121. One hundred days after the doves had been seen to come from +the woods, the locusts came. It was on the day 2 Yg that they +passed over the city, and really it was terrifying to see them +pass.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text122" id="text122"></a>122. Xa ru beleh vinak chic ok <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />at</span> chi Yximchee, chi cahi Camey xyaar +tinamit chi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />.</span> Tan mani ahauh <span class="nowrap">Huny<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> ka mama, tan <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />o</span> ka <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />haka</span> +ya, tane mani ka tata ka mama ok <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />at</span> tinamit xka <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />et</span> ronohel ri, +<span class="nowrap">yxnu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol.</span></td> + <td class="parallelr">122. About that time nine persons perished in a fire at Iximche; on +the day 4 Camey the city was injured by fire. The king Hunyg was at +the time absent on the other side of the river; our fathers and +ancestors were also absent. But when the city burned, we saw it +all, we, my children.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell">Chi vahxaki Ah xel beleh lauha yuhuh.</td> + <td class="parallelr">The day 8 Ah completed the 19th year after the Revolt.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text123" id="text123"></a>123. Chupam <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> huna ok xcam <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />eche</span> vinak pa <span class="nowrap">Ço<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />il</span> ya cuma y mama; +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />iy</span> nimak achiha xuyari, ok xquiban labal chiri.</td> + <td class="parallelr">123. During the year the Quiche men were destroyed near the river +of the Tzotzils, by our ancestors; a great number of other +principal men were conquered when this war occurred.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><span class='pagenuml'><a name="Page_168" id="Page_168">[168]</a></span><a name="text124" id="text124"></a><a href="#note124">124.</a> Humul <span class="nowrap">chi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xe yaar <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />eche</span> vinak xiquin chi pokoh, pa Mukche +xeoc vi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />eche</span> vinak cuma, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />iy</span> nimak rahpop achij, ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />alel</span> achi +xuyari chiri, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />iy</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hutik</span> camic xquiban tzatz teleche xoc pe +cuma y mama.</td> + <td class="parallelr"><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_169" id="Page_169">[169]</a></span><a href="#note124">124.</a> The Quiches were again beaten and suffered loss at Mukche, +because they entered there. A great number of their principal +counselors and nobles were lost; many were put to death slowly, and +many were taken prisoners by our ancestors.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell">Chi oxi Ah <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xel humay ru camic Tukuchee ru banic yuhuh.</td> + <td class="parallelr">The day 3 Ah completed one cycle after the death of the revolted +Tukuches.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><span class="nowrap">Ha<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chi oxlahuh Ah xel chic huna.</td> + <td class="parallelr">With the day 13 Ah, another year was completed.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text125" id="text125"></a>125. Chupam huna <span class="nowrap">xi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />o</span> chic pokob chuvi Cakhay ruma ahauh Lahuh Noh, +chi vahxaki <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />anel</span> <span class="nowrap">xla<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />abex</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ak,</span> kitzih chi nima <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />al</span> xquiban +chic ahaua chiri, xul ronohel vuk <span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span> <span class="nowrap">Huny<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span> Lahuh Noh xebano he +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />atan</span> quebano labal ri y mama, rahpop achi Balam rahpop achi <span class="nowrap">Y<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ich,</span> +ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />alel</span> achi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />atu.</span></td> + <td class="parallelr">125. During this year they took up their shields on the Cakhay on +account of the king Lahuh Noh. On the day 8 Ganel the fortress was +occupied and truly the chiefs made their great power felt. All +those of the seven nations came with Hunyg and Lahuh Noh, to make +war, and it was also made by the ancients, the Counselor Balam and +the Galel-achi Qatu.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell">Xel <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ru caba chi lahuh Ah yuhuh.</td> + <td class="parallelr">A second year was completed on the day 10 Ah, after the Revolt.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text126" id="text126"></a>126. Chupam chi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> huna xecam chic <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />eche</span> vinak cuma ka tata ka mama, +chiree xquiban vi chi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />otoh,</span> chi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />oçibal</span> Cokolahay, <span class="nowrap">xu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ul</span> vachih +<span class="nowrap">ca<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hob</span> chi chay <span class="nowrap">ru<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />in</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />eche</span> vinak, haok xuyari ya Yaxontik ru +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol</span> ahauh Ahpoptuh, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />iy</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> nimak achiha xuyari, <span class="nowrap">quere<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> +<span class="nowrap">xe<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ar</span> vi y mama ri <span class="nowrap">yxnu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol,</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />iy</span> navipe teleche xoc pe +chucohol ri nimak labal mixkabijh can.</td> + <td class="parallelr">126. During this year the Quiches were again defeated by our +fathers and ancestors. The battle was gained by the arms and the +bravery of those of Cokolahay, whose divisions met face to face the +leader of the Quiches and his warriors. There was slain Yaxonkik +son of the Prince Ahpoptuh. Many warriors were slain; therefore +great was the majesty of our ancestors, O my children; and they +also made many prisoners in this great war of which we speak.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell">Chi vuku Ah xel roxa ru camay yuhuh.</td> + <td class="parallelr">On the day 7 Ah, was completed the third year of the second cycle +after the Revolt.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell">Chi cahi Ah xel chic ru caha yuhuh.</td> + <td class="parallelr">On the day 4 Ah was completed the fourth year after the Revolt.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><span class='pagenuml'><a name="Page_170" id="Page_170">[170]</a></span><a name="text127" id="text127"></a><a href="#note127">127.</a> Chupam <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> voo huna, vae ok ixtiquer yauabil, <span class="nowrap">yxnu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol,</span> nabey +xyabix ohb, ratzam xyavabix <span class="nowrap">chi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap">qui<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />,</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ana</span> chuluh, kitzih +tixibin chi camic <span class="nowrap">xi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />o</span> oher. Haok xcam ahauh Vakaki Ahmak, xe <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> +hala chic ma tipe nima <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ekum,</span> nima <span class="nowrap">a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a</span> pa qui vi ka tata ka mama pa +ka vi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a,</span> <span class="nowrap">yxnu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol,</span> ok xyabix <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hac.</span></td> + <td class="parallelr"><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_171" id="Page_171">[171]</a></span><a href="#note127">127.</a> In the course of the fifth year the pestilence began, O my +children. First there was a cough, then the blood was corrupted, +and the urine became yellow. The number of deaths at this time was +truly terrible. The Chief Vakaki Ahmak died, and we ourselves were +plunged in great darkness and great grief, our fathers and +ancestors having contracted the plague, O my children.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell">Chi hun Ah xel humay voo yuhuh, ok xyabix <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hac.</span></td> + <td class="parallelr">On the day 1 Ah there were one cycle and 5 years from the Revolt, +and the pestilence spread.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text128" id="text128"></a><a href="#note128">128.</a> Vae chupam huna xyauabix vi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hac,</span> ha ok <span class="nowrap">xe<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />iz</span> chi camic ka tata +ka mama Diego Juan; chi voo Ah <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />axoc</span> chi vi labal Panatacat, cuma ka +mama, <span class="nowrap">ha<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ok xtiquer yavabil <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hac.</span> Kitzih tixibin chi camic xpe pa +ru vi vinak, mani yabim viri quere ri <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hol</span> vinak.</td> + <td class="parallelr"><a href="#note128">128.</a> In this year the pestilence spread, and then died our ancestor +Diego Juan. On the day 5 Ah war was carried to Panatacat by our +ancestor, and then began the spread of the pestilence. Truly the +number of deaths among the people was terrible, nor did the people +escape from the pestilence.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text129" id="text129"></a>129. Xcavinak ok xtiquer yauabil, tok xecam ka tata ka mama, chi +cablahuh Camey xcam ahauh <span class="nowrap">Huny<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> yxiquin mama.</td> + <td class="parallelr">129. Forty were seized with the sickness; then died our father and +ancestor; on the day 14 Camey died the king Hunyg, your +grandfather.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text130" id="text130"></a>130. <span class="nowrap">Xa<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ru cabih xcam chic ka tata rahpop Achi Balam ri y mama, +<span class="nowrap">yxnu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol;</span> xa <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> hunam xecam y mama <span class="nowrap">ru<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />in</span> ru tata ki tan ti +chuvin, ti <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ayin</span> vinak chi camic. Tok xecam ka tata ka mama, xax be +tzak chi el <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hakap</span> vinak chi civan, xa <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ij,</span> xa <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />uch,</span> xtiochic +vinak; tixibin chi camic xecamiçan ymama, herach camic ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol</span> ahauh +<span class="nowrap">ru<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />in</span> ru <span class="nowrap">cha<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> ru nimal: <span class="nowrap">quere<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xoh canah vi can chi mebail ri +<span class="nowrap">yxnu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol,</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />aoh</span> ok <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hutik</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahola,</span> ok xoh canah can konohel. +Rupoyibal alaxic.</td> + <td class="parallelr">130. But two days afterward died our father, the Counselor Balam, +one of the ancients, O my children. The ancients and the fathers +died alike, and the stench was such that men died of it alone. Then +perished our fathers and ancestors. Half the people threw +themselves into the ravines, and the dogs and foxes lived on the +bodies of the men. The fear of death destroyed the old people, and +the oldest son of the king died at the same time as his young +brother. Thus did we become poor, O my children, and thus did we +survive, being but a little child—and we were all that remained. +Hence the putting aside of our claims.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><span class='pagenuml'><a name="Page_172" id="Page_172">[172]</a></span><i>Quibi y mama vae <span class="nowrap">xeru<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />aholah</span> ahauh.</i></td> + <td class="parallelr"><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_173" id="Page_173">[173]</a></span><i>Names of (our) Ancestors, Sons of the King.</i></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text131" id="text131"></a>131. Rahpop achi Balam, rubi, nabey <span class="nowrap">ru<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol</span> ahauh <span class="nowrap">Huny<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span> ha ki tanti +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ar</span> chi quivach ahaua, ok xpe nima camic <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hac.</span></td> + <td class="parallelr">131. The counselor Balam, the oldest son of the king Hunyg, was +already distinguished before the face of the chieftains when he +died by the great plague.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text132" id="text132"></a>132. Ahmak rubi rucam al, ha <span class="nowrap">ru<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol</span> can ri Don Pedro Solis. Tohin +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> rox al, mani retal ri he <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xecam <span class="nowrap">ru<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />in</span> ahauh ri e oxi ka tata.</td> + <td class="parallelr">132. Ahmak was the name of the second son. His son is Don Pedro +Solis. Tohin was the third. There is no record of him, as he died +with the king and our three fathers.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text133" id="text133"></a>133. Ha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ka tata Francisco rahpop achi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ian</span> rucah al.</td> + <td class="parallelr">133. Our father Francisco, the counselor Tzian, was the fourth son.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text134" id="text134"></a>134. Balam voo al, mani <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> retal ri.</td> + <td class="parallelr">134. Balam was the fifth son; there is no record of him.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text135" id="text135"></a>135. <span class="nowrap">Ah<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />alam</span> Hunahpu ru vakak al, he <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xecolotah chic ri he oxi ka +tata ruma <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hac;</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />aoh</span> ok, ok <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hutik</span> konohel <span class="nowrap">cu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />in</span> ok xoh +canah, xka <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />et</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ronohel ri yavabil, ix <span class="nowrap">nu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol;</span> ha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ri rubi +ka tit; nabey rixhayil ahauh <span class="nowrap">Huny<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span> <span class="nowrap">Chuvy<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ut</span> ru bi <span class="nowrap">xo<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ohauh,</span> he +oxi xerelah, ha ri ka tata, <span class="nowrap">he<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ri ru tata Don Pedro Solis, mani <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> +ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol</span> rij Tohin: xcam <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ari</span> <span class="nowrap">xo<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ohauh</span> Chuvy <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ut,</span> xoc chipe +<span class="nowrap">xo<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ohauh</span> <span class="nowrap">X<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />eka<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />uch</span> <span class="nowrap">A<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />iquinahay,</span> ha quite rahpop achi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ian</span> +Balam, xa e cay ral.</td> + <td class="parallelr">135. Ahtzalam Hunahpu was the sixth son. He was saved from the +plague with our three other ancestors. As for us, we were then +little children, and we all escaped, and we saw all the pestilence, +O my children. These are the names of our female ancestors: the +first wife of king Hunyg was the queen Chuvytzut; she had three +sons, our father, the father of Don Pedro Solis, and Tohin, who +left no children. The queen Chuvytzut being dead, the queen +Xgekaqueh, the female Ahtziquinahay, took her place. She was the +mother of the Counselor Tzian Balam, and these were her two +children.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text136" id="text136"></a>136. <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> vo vinak ok <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> quecam ahaua <span class="nowrap">Huny<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> Lahuhnoh, ok xechap chic +ahaua Cahi Ymox <span class="nowrap">Belehe<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />at,</span> chi hun Can; <span class="nowrap">xa<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> hun chioc ri +<span class="nowrap">Belehe<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />at</span> xcolotah, <span class="nowrap">xa<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> kayon chicoc <span class="nowrap">a<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />uala</span> mani hunchic ka tata +xcolotah, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> e ok <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hutik</span> ri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ian</span> Balam, ri ki ok retal ahauh +<span class="nowrap">Huny<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />.</span> <span class="nowrap">Quere<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xahauar vi <span class="nowrap">Belehe<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />at</span> rij, xa huna <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />alel</span> +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />amahay;</span> chioc <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hao</span> rahauarem maqui <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xrah raho ahauh atzih +vinak <span class="nowrap">Ba<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol:</span> vo quic chi ahauarem ri <span class="nowrap">Belehe<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />at;</span><span class='pagenuml'><a name="Page_174" id="Page_174">[174]</a></span> hatah xoc chi +ahauarem ri ka tata rahpop achi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ian</span> xraho ahauh atzih vinak +<span class="nowrap">Ba<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol,</span> <span class="nowrap">quere<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> roquic chi ahauarem ri.</td> + <td class="parallelr">136. A hundred days after the death of the kings Hunyg and Lahuh +Noh, there were elected as kings Cahi Ymox and Belehe Qat, on the +day 1 Can. For Belehe Qat alone remained. As for us we were little +boys and our elders did not choose any of us. Tzian and Balam, the +only other descendants of Hunyg, were also young. Belehe Qat was +therefore chosen to rule but only as heir apparent, the orator +Baqahol declaring that it was not proper that he should take the +supreme rule. The honor<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_175" id="Page_175">[175]</a></span> of the royalty was decreed to Belehe Qat; +but the orator Baqahol desired that the real chief should be our +ancestor Tzian; therefore he entered into power.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parheadl"><i>Xavi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chupam ru vaka vae.</i></td> + <td class="parheadr"><i>What Took Place in the Sixth Year.</i></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text137" id="text137"></a>137. <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> huvinak ok <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> que chap ahaua, ok xban yuhuh chi +<span class="nowrap">Ah<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />iquinahay;</span> chi lahuh Queh xban xeul coloel qui ahaua +<span class="nowrap">Ah<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />iquinahay</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />içihay</span> chi Yximchee ruma yuhuh, xul qui yaca el +achiha.</td> + <td class="parallelr">137. Twenty days after the chiefs began to rule there was an +insurrection against the Ahtziquinahay. It occurred on the day 10 +Queh, and the chiefs Ahtziquinahay and Qicihay went to Iximche on +account of the revolt, coming to raise soldiers.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text138" id="text138"></a>138. <span class="nowrap">Xa<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ru cablah xcam chic <span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />utuhile,</span> ruma <span class="nowrap">Ço<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />il</span> +Tukuchee chi hulahuh Ymox, xyaar <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />utuhile</span> chi camic, xeyaar +<span class="nowrap">Ah<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />iquinahay,</span> conohel tzatz chi teleche chicana, <span class="nowrap">quere<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xit puak +tixibin chi camic xuban <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />utuhile,</span> xka tinamit xepoyom. Cani <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> +xetzolih ka ahaua Tepepul <span class="nowrap">Ah<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />iquinahay</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />içihay</span> chi cochoch.</td> + <td class="parallelr">138. Twelve of the Tzutuhil villages were destroyed by the Tzotzil +Tukuches on the day 11 Ymox and the Tzutuhils were slain. Very many +were taken prisoners. Therefore the Tzutuhils in fear of death were +made to give up their treasures and the town of Xepoyom was taken. +Then returned the chiefs Tepepul Ahtziquinahay and Tzizihay to +their homes.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text139" id="text139"></a>139. Tok xebokotah chi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ape</span> Ah Xecaka abah ronohel, xul colo chi el +rij Cakchiquel, tzatz <span class="nowrap">chi<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />utuhile</span> xel pe oher pa tinamit, he chi +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />arah</span> xquiban labal chirih Ah <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />iquinahay,</span> Ah Pavacal, xrah +<span class="nowrap">cach<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ul</span> chijh chic cuma, <span class="nowrap">xa<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xboy chijx achiha ruma Ah Pavacal.</td> + <td class="parallelr">139. At that time the people of Xecaka abah, all of whom had been +driven forth, were aided by the Cakchiquels. Many Tzutuhils also +came to the villages to make war against the Ahtziquinahay, and +those of Pacaval, and wished to join forces, their warriors having +been provoked by the people of Pacaval.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text140" id="text140"></a>140. Chi belehe <span class="nowrap">Ba<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />,</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xban camic chuvi Lakanabah, pa Chitulul, +mani <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> nimak achiha xcanah. Xaki ruyon vinak <span class="nowrap">Belehe<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />at,</span> Cahi Ymox +xebano.</td> + <td class="parallelr">140. On the day 9 Batz there was slaughter at the rock of Lakam at +Chitulul. Not many warriors took part. Only the men of Belehe qat +and Cahi Ymox were engaged.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell">Chi hulahuh Ah, xel humay vaka yuhuh.</td> + <td class="parallelr">On the day 11 Ah there were 26 years from the Revolt.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text141" id="text141"></a>141. Mixka <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />iz</span> can vae huna xeyaar vi katata ka mama ruma camic +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hac.</span></td> + <td class="parallelr">141. Then was completed one year since our fathers and ancestors +died of the plague.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text142" id="text142"></a>142. Chupam huna ok xoh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ule</span> <span class="nowrap">ru<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />in</span> xtee, <span class="nowrap">yxnu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span><span class='pagenuml'><a name="Page_176" id="Page_176">[176]</a></span>hol, xhunabir ok +quecam y mama; chi cablahuh Toh xoh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />amo</span> yxok.</td> + <td class="parallelr">142. In this year we married your mother, O my chil<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_177" id="Page_177">[177]</a></span>dren, one year +after the death of your grandfather. We took her to wife on the day +12 Toh.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell">Chi vahxaki Ah xel ru vuka vuhuh.</td> + <td class="parallelr">On the day 8 Ah was completed the 7th year from the Revolt.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text143" id="text143"></a>143. Chupam huna xorotah vi labal <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />echee,</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ru hulauha xorotah +labal <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />echee.</span></td> + <td class="parallelr">143. During this year the Quiche war ceased; the Quiche war ceased +on the 11th.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell">Chi voo Ah xel humay vahxaka.</td> + <td class="parallelr">On the day 5 Ah was the eighth year of the first cycle.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parheadl"><i>Culibal Castilan vinak Xetulul vae.</i></td> + <td class="parheadr"><i>The Arrival of the Castilians at Xetulul.</i></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text144" id="text144"></a><a href="#note144">144.</a> <span class="nowrap">Va<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> te chupam huna ok ki xeul Castilan vinak; xcavinak ok +rubeleha, ok xeul Castilan vinak Xepit Xetulul; chi hun <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />anel</span> xcam +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />echevinak</span> chiri ruma Castilan vinak, Tunatiuh Avilantaro rubi, +cahaual ri ki xkaçan ronohel <span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />;</span> mahaok tetamax vi quivach <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> +tahinok ti <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ihalox</span> chee, abah.</td> + <td class="parallelr"><a href="#note144">144.</a> It was during this year that the Castilians arrived. +Forty-nine years have passed since the Castilians came to Xepit and +Xetulul. On the day 1 Ganel the Quiches were destroyed by the +Castilians. Tunatiuh Avilantaro, as he was called, conquered all +the towns. Their countenances were previously unknown and the +people rendered homage to sticks and stones.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text145" id="text145"></a>145. Xul <span class="nowrap">chi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> Xelahub, xeyaar chic <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />eche</span> vinak chi camic chiri, tok +xbokotah <span class="nowrap">chi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> el <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />eche</span> vinak, ronohel <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ulelaay</span> richin Castilan +vinak, okix yaar chic <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />eche</span> vinak chuvach pe Xelahub.</td> + <td class="parallelr">145. On their arrival at Xelahub, the Quiche nation was routed and +destroyed. All of them had hastened there to oppose the Castilians; +and there the Quiche nation was destroyed, in front of Xelahub.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text146" id="text146"></a>146. Tok xul <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ha tinamit <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />umarcaah,</span> cani <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ul</span> cuma ahaua +ahpop ahpop <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />amahay,</span> cani xya patan ruma <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />eche</span> vinak; <span class="nowrap">xa<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> cani +xeoc ahaua pa <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />h</span> ruma Tunatiuh.</td> + <td class="parallelr">146. He then went to the city Gumarcaah, and there came before him +the chiefs, the king and the next in rank, and tribute was paid by +the Quiches; and the chiefs suffered many torments from Tunatiuh.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text147" id="text147"></a><a href="#note147">147.</a> Chi cahi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />at</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xepe rox ahaua ahpop, ahpop <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />amahay</span> ruma +Tunatiuh, maqui <span class="nowrap">y<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />o</span> vinak ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ux</span> Tunatiuh chi labal. Cani <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xpe +ru çamahel Tunatiuh <span class="nowrap">cu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />in</span> ahaua, takol richin achiha: tipe ul +rachihilal <span class="nowrap">Ahpoço<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />il</span> Ahpoxahil, tu camiçan <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />eche</span> vinak, xcha ru +<span class='pagenuml'><a name="Page_178" id="Page_178">[178]</a></span>çamahel Tunatiuh chique ahaua. Cani <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xtakex ru tzih Tunatiuh, ok xbe +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap">vomu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />h</span> achiha camiçay richin <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />echevinak,</span> <span class="nowrap">xa<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ruyon ahtinamit +xbe maqui xcaho achiha conohel chique ahaua, <span class="nowrap">xa<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> oxmul xbe achiha, +xoc patan ruma <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />eche</span> vinak, oh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xoh be <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />amo</span> richin Tunatiuh, +<span class="nowrap">yxnu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol.</span></td> + <td class="parallelr"><a href="#note147">147.</a> On the day 4 Qat three chiefs, the king and the next in rank +were burned alive by Tunatiuh, nor was the heart of Tunatiuh +satisfied with war. Soon a messenger from Tunatiuh came to the +chiefs that they should send him warriors: “Let the warriors of the +Ahpozotzils and Ahpoxahils come to the slaughter of the Quiches!”<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_179" id="Page_179">[179]</a></span> +So spoke the messenger of Tunatiuh to the chiefs. Immediately the +words of Tunatiuh were published, and 400 men went forth to the +slaughter of the Quiches; but they were only those of the city, the +other warriors refusing to obey the chiefs. Only three times did +the warriors go forth to enforce the tribute on the Quiches; then +we also were taken by Tunatiuh, O my children.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parheadl"><i>Haok ki xul chi Yximche vae.</i></td> + <td class="parheadr"><i>How They Now Came to Iximche.</i></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text148" id="text148"></a><a href="#note148">148.</a> Ha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chi hun Hunahpu, toki xul Castilan vinak pa tinamit chi +Yximchee, Tunatiuh ru bi cahaval; cani <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xbe <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ulel</span> Tunatiuh cuma +ahaua <span class="nowrap">Belehe<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />at,</span> cahi Ymox. Utz <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ux</span> Tunatiuh chique ahaua +toki xul pa tinamit, mani labal, xati quicot Tunatiuh ok ki xul chi +Yximchee. <span class="nowrap">Quere<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> tok xul Castilan vinak ri oher, <span class="nowrap">yxnu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol,</span> kitzih +tixibin ok xeul, mani etaam vi quivach, he <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />abouil</span> xe quina ahaua. Xka +na <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> oh ytata, oh kixoh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />eto</span> culic chi Yximchee chupam Tzupam hay +xvar vi Tunatiuh; chuca <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ih</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap">xvachi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" /></span> ahauh, tixibin chi achiha, +xul <span class="nowrap">ru<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />in</span> pa ru varam xe ru tak <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ahaua: Nak ruma xtiban labal +<span class="nowrap">vu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />in</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />o</span> pe tan tin ban chive, xcha. Maquian, quere xa rumal <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />iya</span> +achiha caminak, vave <span class="nowrap">he<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> mixe a <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />et</span> vae pa hul <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />o</span> vi qui +<span class="nowrap">ni<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahal,</span> xecha ahaua, quere <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />atok</span> xoc pa rochoch ahauh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hicbal</span> ri.</td> + <td class="parallelr"><a href="#note148">148.</a> It was on the day 1 Hunahpu when the Castilians arrived at +Iximche with their chief, Tunatiuh. The people went forth to meet +Tunatiuh with the chiefs Belehe Qat and Cahi Ymox. Good was the +heart of Tunatiuh when he entered the city with the chiefs. There +was no fighting and Tunatiuh rejoiced when he entered Iximche. Thus +did the Castilians enter of yore, O my children; but it was a +fearful thing when they entered; their faces were strange, and the +chiefs took them for gods. We, even we, your father, saw them when +they first set foot in Iximche, at the palace of Tzupam, where +Tunatiuh slept. The chief came forth, and truly he frightened the +warriors; he came from his chamber and called the rulers: “Why do +you make war with me, when I also can make it?” said he. “Not at +all. Why should so many warriors find their death? Do you see any +pitfalls among them?” So replied the chiefs, and he went to the +house of the chief Chicbal.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text149" id="text149"></a>149. <span class="nowrap">Cani<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> labal <span class="nowrap">xu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />utuh</span> Tunatiuh chique ahaua, xecha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ahaua: +cay <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ovi</span> nu labal <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />utuhil,</span> Panatacat, at <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />abouil,</span> xucheex <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> +cuma ahaua. <span class="nowrap">Xa<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> hunobix <span class="nowrap">xi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />o</span> rubana Tunatiuh pa tinamit; tok xcam +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />utuhile</span> ruma Castilan vinak, ha chi vuku Camey xcamiçax <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />utuhile</span> +ruma Tunatiuh.</td> + <td class="parallelr">149. Then Tunatiuh agreed to join the chiefs in their wars, and the +chiefs said to him:—“O thou God, we have two wars, one with the +Tzutuhils, one at Panatacat.” Thus spake the chiefs. Only five days +after, Tunatiuh went forth from the capital. Then the Tzutuhils +were conquered by the Castilians. It was the day 7 Camey that the +Tzutuhils were destroyed by the Castilians.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><span class='pagenuml'><a name="Page_180" id="Page_180">[180]</a></span><a name="text150" id="text150"></a>150. <span class="nowrap">Xe<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> huvinak voo chi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ih</span> <span class="nowrap">xi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />o</span> rubana pa tinamit, ok xbe +Tunatiuh Cuzcatan <span class="nowrap">xi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />o</span> cam apon Atacat; ha chi cay Queh xcam Atacat +ruma Castilan vinak ronohel <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> achiha; xebe <span class="nowrap">ru<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />in</span> Tunatiuh camiçay +richin Yaqui.</td> + <td class="parallelr"><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_181" id="Page_181">[181]</a></span>150. Twenty-five days afterwards Tunatiuh went forth from the +capital to Cuzcatan going there to destroy Atacat. On the day 2 +Queh, Atacat was slain by the Castilians, with all his warriors. +There went with Tunatiuh all his Mexicans to this battle.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text151" id="text151"></a>151. Ha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chi lahuh Hunahpu, xul chic ok xpe Cuzcatan, xa ru cavinak +xbe ru bana Cuzcatan, ok xul chic pa tinamit. Tok <span class="nowrap">xu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />utuh</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> +Tunatiuh hun quimeal ahaua, xya <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chirichin Tunatiuh ri cumal ahaua.</td> + <td class="parallelr">151. On the day 10 Hunahpu he returned from Cuzcatan. He had been +absent only 40 days to make the conquest at Cuzcatan when he +returned to the capital. Then Tunatiuh asked for a daughter of one +of the chiefs, and she was given to Tunatiuh by the chiefs.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parheadl"><i>Qutubal <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> puak vae.</i></td> + <td class="parheadr"><i>A Demand for Money is made.</i></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text152" id="text152"></a>152. Tok <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />utux</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> qui puvak ahaua ruma Tunatiuh; xrah naek <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> +yari xaki molom puvak xa tzimay, xa <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />al</span> vach: maqui <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap">xu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />am</span> +xacani xcakar Tunatiuh chique ahaua, xcha: Nak rumal maqui ti ya puvak +chuvichin, maquipe vave ulinak vi ru puak ronohel <span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> <span class="nowrap">avu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />in,</span> +tauaho pe cat nu poroh, cat nu <span class="nowrap">hi<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ah,</span> xeucheex ahaua.</td> + <td class="parallelr">152. Then Tunatiuh began to ask the chiefs for money. He wished +that they should give him jars full of precious metals, and even +their drinking cups and crowns. Not receiving anything, Tunatiuh +became angry and said to the chiefs: “Why have you not given me the +metal? If you do not bring me the precious metal in all your towns, +choose then, for I shall burn you alive and hang you.” Thus did he +speak to the chiefs.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text153" id="text153"></a>153. Tok <span class="nowrap">xu<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />at</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> Tunatiuh <span class="nowrap">oxo<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />opeto</span> chi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ana</span> puvak, xquitih +<span class="nowrap">chi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ahaua ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ipuxic,</span> <span class="nowrap">xeo<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> ahaua chuvach; xax maqui vi xraho +chic Tunatiuh, xa xcha: Ti vechaah pe ri puak obix tiya. Vue <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> maqui +ti ya chiri, ti vetamah <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> nu <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ux,</span> xeucheex ahaua. Cani <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ak</span> can +xca retal, tok xquimol <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ahaua qui puak ronohel <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ru mam ahauh ru +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahel</span> ahauh, xu ya ru puak, xutih ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ih</span> vinak ruma ahaua.</td> + <td class="parallelr">153. Then Tunatiuh cut from three of them the gold ornaments they +wore in their ears. The chiefs suffered keenly from this violence, +and wept before him. But Tunatiuh was not troubled, and said: “I +tell you that I want the gold here within five days. Wo to you if +you do not give it. I know my heart.” So said he to the chiefs. The +word was then given. The chiefs gathered together all their metals, +those of the parents and children of the king, and all that the +chiefs could get from the people.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text154" id="text154"></a>154. Ki <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap">tini<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahar</span> ru yaic puak chire Tunatiuh, tok <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />utun</span> hun +achi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />axto<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />:</span> Yn cakolahay, tincamiçah Castilan vinak, xcha chique +ahaua; xa pa <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> queyaar vi, tin <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />oçih</span> tinamit que el <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> el ahau +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />haka</span> ya, ha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span><span class='pagenuml'><a name="Page_182" id="Page_182">[182]</a></span> chi vuku ahmak tinban, xcha achi ri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />axto<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" /></span> +chique ahaua. Kitzih <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xqui na ahaua, xoqueçax ru tzih achij cuma, ki +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ti <span class="nowrap">ni<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahar</span> can ru yaic puvak ok xoh pax.</td> + <td class="parallelr">154. While they were gathering the gold for Tunatiuh, a priest of +the Demon showed himself: “I am the lightning; I will destroy the +Castilians.” So said he to the chiefs. “I will destroy them by +fire. When I beat the drum let the chiefs come forth and go to the +other<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_183" id="Page_183">[183]</a></span> bank of the river. This I shall do on the day 7 Ahmak.” Thus +did this priest of the Demon speak to the chiefs. Truly the chiefs +thought that they should trust in the words of this man. It was +when they were gathering the gold that we went forth.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parheadl"><i>Haok ki xoh pax pa tinamit vae.</i></td> + <td class="parheadr"><i>How We went forth from the City.</i></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text155" id="text155"></a>155. Chi vuku Ahmak <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xban paxic. Haoki xtole can tinamit chi +Yximchee, <span class="nowrap">xa<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ruma ri achi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />axto<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />,</span> ok xeel ahaua; vue kitzih +xticam Tunatiuh, quecha; tan mani labal chu <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ux</span> Tunatiuh, tan ti qui +cot ruma puvak tan ti ya. Xa rumal achi ri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />axto<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />,</span> tok xtole can ka +tinamit, chi vuku ahmak, yx <span class="nowrap">nu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol.</span></td> + <td class="parallelr">155. The day 7 Ahmak was that of the going forth. They deserted the +city of Iximche on account of the priest of the Demon, and the +chiefs left it. “Yes, truly, Tunatiuh shall die,” said they. “There +is no more war in the heart of Tunatiuh, as he now rejoices in the +gold given him.” Thus it was that our city was abandoned on the day +7 Ahmak on account of a priest of the Demon, O my children.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text156" id="text156"></a>156. Xe na chi vi naek <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ahaua ruma Tunatiuh; xlauheher ok kopax pa +tinamit, oki xtiquer labal ruma Tunatiuh; chi cahi Camey xtiquer ka +camic ruma Castilah vinak, haok xtiquer pokonal chikih; xoh pax xe chee, +<span class="nowrap">xe<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />am,</span> <span class="nowrap">yxnu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol,</span> ronohel <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span> xoh camiçan <span class="nowrap">ru<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />in</span> Tunatiuh; +haok <span class="nowrap">xti<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />e</span> xeapon ri Castilan vinak, xel <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> pa tinamit xu tolobacan. +Tok <span class="nowrap">xe<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ulelax</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> Castilan vinak cuma Cakchiquel vinak, xban he +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />otoh,</span> xban <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> hulqueh, çimah xecamiçabex, xa ki labal chic xban +ruma vinak. He <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />iy</span> Castilan vinak xecam, <span class="nowrap">quere<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> queh xcam pa +hul queh, xyaar <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />echevinak,</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />utuhile,</span> <span class="nowrap">quere<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ronohel +<span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> xyaar ruma Cakchiquel vinak. <span class="nowrap">Quere<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ohe</span> vi ruxla ri ruma +Castilan vinak, <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ohe</span> navipe ruxla ruma <span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> ronohel; xbeleh vinak +ok <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ko pax pa tinamit chi Iximchee, ok xel ru beleha.</td> + <td class="parallelr">156. But what the chiefs did was soon known to Tunatiuh. Ten days +after we had left the city, war was begun by Tunatiuh. On the day 4 +Camey began our destruction. Then began our misery. We scattered in +the forests; all our towns were taken, O my children; we were +slaughtered by Tunatiuh. The Castilians entered the city and they +arrived as to a deserted spot. From that time the Castilians were +hated by the Cakchiquels. They made trenches, they dug pitfalls, +that the horses might be killed, and war was waged by their men. +Many men of the Castilians were slain, and many horses killed in +the pitfalls. The Quiches and Tzutuhils were destroyed and all +their villages ruined by the Cakchiquels. Only thus did the +Castilians let them live, and only thus were they let live by all +the villagers. One hundred and eighty days after the desertion of +the city of Iximche was completed the ninth year (of the second +cycle).</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell">Chi cay Ah, xel humay beleha ru banic yuhuh.</td> + <td class="parallelr">On the day 2 Ah was completed the 29th year after the Revolt.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><span class='pagenuml'><a name="Page_184" id="Page_184">[184]</a></span><a name="text157" id="text157"></a>157. Chupam ru lauha vae ki tan tiban labal <span class="nowrap">ru<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />in</span> Castilan vinak, +tanti <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ilibem</span> Xepau ruma Castilan vinak chiri chupam ru lauha, kitan +ti yao ri labal <span class="nowrap">xu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />am</span> ru covil vinak.</td> + <td class="parallelr"><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_185" id="Page_185">[185]</a></span>157. During the tenth year the war continued with the Castilians. +But the Castilians having received aid in this tenth year at Xepau, +carried on the war with such vigor that they destroyed the forces +of the nation.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text158" id="text158"></a>158. Ok xbokotah <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> el Tunatiuh Xepau, xax coço ok xel mani xelah +vinak chuvach; xvakvinak ok ru caba kopax pe pa tinamit ok xtolecan +xbenam <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> richin ok <span class="nowrap">xi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />o</span> ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ata</span> can tinamit Tunatiuh, chi cahi +Camey xuporoh can tinamit, vak vinak ru caba chi labal xbanok xtzolih.</td> + <td class="parallelr">158. Tunatiuh then went forth from Xepau, and so harassed us that +the people would not come before him. There were lacking one +hundred and twenty days to complete two years since we had +abandoned the capital, now deserted, when Tunatiuh came there on +his march in order to set fire to the city. On the day 4 Camey, two +years less six months after the beginning of the war, he set fire +to the capital and returned.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell">Chi cablahuh Ah xel humay lauha yuhuh.</td> + <td class="parallelr">On the day 12 Ah was completed the 30th year after the Revolt.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text159" id="text159"></a>159. Chupam huna vae xuxlan vican halal ka <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ux</span> xavi e <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oh</span> ahaua +conohel Cahi Ymox <span class="nowrap">Belehe<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />at,</span> mani xtzak chuvach Castilan vinak, tan +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> oh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oh</span> chila Holom Balam, <span class="nowrap">yxnu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol.</span></td> + <td class="parallelr">159. In the course of this year we breathed for a little, as did +also the kings Cahi Ymox and Belehe Qat. They had not lost all hope +before the Castilians, and they maintained themselves at +Holombalam, O my children.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text160" id="text160"></a>160. Xhunabir ok <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap">ru<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />in</span> huvinak, titole can ruma Tunatiuh ok xul +chic Castilan vinak Chij xot; chi hun Caok, xtiquer chic ka camic ruma +Castilan vinak, <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ulelaax</span> chic ruma vinak, xyaloh chic labal xban. +Xavi <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hub</span> chic chi camic, mani xyao patan ronohel huyu, xa hala chic +matel humay hulauha yuhuh ok xul chic Chij xot.</td> + <td class="parallelr">160. One year and twenty days had passed since the places had been +made desolate by Tunatiuh, when the Castilians arrived at Chiixot. +On the day 1 Caok our slaughter by the Castilians began. They +fought with the nation and persisted in war. Death ravaged us +again, but the whole country continued to refuse tribute. There was +not much lacking of the 31st year after the revolt when they came +to Chiixot.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell">Chi belehe Ah, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xel humay hulauha yuhuh.</td> + <td class="parallelr">On the day 9 Ah was completed the 31st year after the Revolt.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text161" id="text161"></a>161. Chupam huna chic vae, xavi tanti tahin labal ruma Castilan vinak +xutuloba chi can Chij xot, haok ki <span class="nowrap">xla<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />abex</span> Bulbuxya ruma Castilan +vinak, vave chupam huna ki xyaloh vi labal xmani vi xyao patan ruma +ronohel huyu.</td> + <td class="parallelr">161. In the course of the following year, while the Castilians were +engaged in war, Chiixot was abandoned. Then Bulbuxya was occupied +by the Castilians. During this year the war was continued, but the +whole country refused the tribute.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parheadl"><span class='pagenuml'><a name="Page_186" id="Page_186">[186]</a></span><i>Roquebal <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> patan vae.</i></td> + <td class="parheadr"><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_187" id="Page_187">[187]</a></span><i>The Beginning of the Tribute.</i></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text162" id="text162"></a>162. Xvolahuvinak ok ti <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />utun</span> Chij xot, ok xoc patan chuvach capitan +cuma <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hinta</span> Queh, vove chuvi Tzolola chi vakaki <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />i</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xoc patan, +haok xalax nu <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol</span> Diego Pabo Cotanoh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ovi,</span> ok xatalax chi vakaki +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ij,</span> at <span class="nowrap">nu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol,</span> haok xtiquer chic patanihic; huley chivi chi pokon +<span class="nowrap">xka<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />am</span> chic, xkacolah can ri labal. Camul ki chi nimak chi camic +xkaban.</td> + <td class="parallelr">162. Three hundred days after Chiixot was taken, began the payment +of tribute to the Captain by Chinta Queh. It was here at Tzolola, +on the day 6 Tzi, that the tribute began. At that time was born my +son. Diego Pabo Cotanoh. Thou wert born, O my son, on that day, 6 +Tzi, on which the tribute began. Deep, indeed, were the sufferings +we underwent to escape from the wars, and twice we were on the +point of losing our life.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell">Chi vakaki Ah, xel humay cablauha yuhuh.</td> + <td class="parallelr">On the day 6 Ah was completed the 32d year after the Revolt.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text163" id="text163"></a>163. Xvahxak vinak ok ru caba, toc patan ok xcam ahauh Ahtun Cuc Tihax, +chi vakaki Akbal xcam. Xavi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> maha que <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />utun</span> ahaua <span class="nowrap">Ahpopço<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />il,</span> +Ahpopxahil chiri.</td> + <td class="parallelr">163. It was two years less one hundred and twenty days after the +beginning of the tribute when died the chief Ahtun cuc Tihax. He +died on the day 6 Akbal. The chiefs Ahpopzotzil and Ahpopxahil had +not yet submitted.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell">Chi oxi Ah, xel humay oxlauha.</td> + <td class="parallelr">On the day 3 Ah was completed the 33d year.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell"><a name="text164" id="text164"></a>164. Chupam huna ok <span class="nowrap">xe<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />utun</span> chic ahaua, ahpop <span class="nowrap">Ço<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />il</span> ahpop Xahil, +chuvach Tunatiuh, cahvinak ruvaka xquiban ahaua xe chee <span class="nowrap">xe<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />am,</span> maqui +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xax cutzih ahaua xeba, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />h</span> tal <span class="nowrap">qui<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />amic</span> ruma Tunatiuh, xax +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />atun</span> qui tzihol ahaua chuvach Tunatiuh. Ha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chi vuku Ahmak +xebokotah el ahaua, xeapon Paruyaal Chay, tzatz chi ahaua xcuchu ri +ronohel <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ru mam ahauh, ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol</span> ahauh, xbe tzatz chi vinak +cachbiyil ahaua. Chi vahxaki Noh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> xeapon Panchoy, <span class="nowrap">xa<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> tiquicot +Tunatiuh chique ahaua, tok <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />et</span> chic quivach ruma Tunatiuh.</td> + <td class="parallelr">164. In the course of this year the chiefs Ahpopzotzil and +Ahpopxahil came before Tunatiuh. For eighty-six days these chiefs +had hid in the woods. Not only did they wish to come forth, but +their labors and sufferings were known to Tunatiuh, and the memory +of these chiefs came to Tunatiuh. On the day 7 Ahmak the chiefs +decided to come forth. When they arrived at Paruyaal chay, many +chiefs, all the fathers of the chiefs and their sons, and a +multitude of people accompanied the chiefs. On the day 8 Noh they +reached Panchoy. Then Tunatiuh rejoiced with the chiefs, when their +faces were seen again before Tunatiuh.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="parallell">Chi oxlahuh Ah xel humay cahlauha yuhuh.</td> + <td class="parallelr">On the day 13 Ah was completed the 36th year after the revolt.</td> +</tr> +</table> + +<p><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_188" id="Page_188">[188]</a></span>[<i>I append the translation of the remainder of what I believe to be the +original work (see Introduction, page <a href="#text58">58</a>); but as its contents are of +little general interest, I omit the text.</i>]</p> + +<p><a name="text165" id="text165"></a>165. During this year frightful imposts were levied; they paid gold and +silver before the face of Tunatiuh, and there were demanded as tribute +five hundred men and five hundred women to go to the gold washings; all +the people were busy seeking gold. Five hundred men and five hundred +women were also demanded by Tunatiuh to aid in building Pangan for his +princely residence. All that, yes, all that, we ourselves witnessed, O +my children.</p> + +<p>On the 10th Ah was completed the 35th year after the Revolt.</p> + +<p><a name="text166" id="text166"></a>166. Forty days were lacking to complete three years from the date of +the submission of the kings when Belehe Qat died. He died on the 7th +Queh, when employed in washing for gold and silver. As soon as he was +dead Tunatiuh set to work to appoint his successor. The prince Don Jorge +was appointed by the sole command of Tunatiuh. There was no council held +nor assembly to confirm him. Tunatiuh gave his orders to the princes and +they obeyed him; for, truly, he made himself feared.</p> + +<p>On the 7th Ah was completed the 36th year after the revolt.</p> + +<p><a name="text167" id="text167"></a>167. Three hundred and forty days after the death of Belehe Qat the +princes were forced to place Don Jorge in possession of the throne. His +father was Don Juan Xuares.</p> + +<p><a name="corr23" id="corr23"></a><ins class="correction" title="On">Oh</ins> the 4th Ah was completed the 37th year after the revolt.</p> + +<p><a name="text168" id="text168"></a>168. In the course of this year the king Cahi Ymox Ahpozotzil withdrew +and went to inhabit the capital. He intended to separate from the +others, because the tribute had been imposed on all the chiefs, even on +the king himself.</p> + +<p>On the 1st Ah was completed the 38th year after the revolt.</p> + +<p><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_189" id="Page_189">[189]</a></span><a name="text169" id="text169"></a>169. During this year Tunatiuh departed for Castile, making new +conquests on his road. Thus he destroyed those of Tzutzumpan and of +Choloma; and many other towns were destroyed by Tunatiuh. There occurred +an unheard of event at Tzutzumpan. I saw Hunahpu tremble a <a name="corr24" id="corr24"></a><ins class="correction" title="little">litle</ins> +while before the prince Mantunalo arrived here. Tunatiuh went to +Castile, leaving Tzutzumpan.</p> + +<p>On the 11th Ah was completed the 39th year after the revolt.</p> + +<p><a name="text170" id="text170"></a>170. In the course of the year, on the 11th Noh, Prince Mantunalo +arrived. The prince Mantunalo arrived to relieve the nation from its +sufferings; the washing for gold and silver promptly ceased, and the +tribute of young men and women ceased; the burnings alive and the +hangings ceased, and, indeed, all the various acts of violence of the +Castilians and the imposts which they had forcibly laid upon us. The +roads were once more frequented by travelers when the Prince Mantunalo +arrived, as they had been eight years before, when the imposts were +first laid upon us, O my children.</p> + +<p>On the 8th Ah was completed the 40th year after the revolt.</p> + +<p>On the 5th Ah was completed the first year of the third cycle.</p> + +<p><a name="text171" id="text171"></a><a href="#note171">171.</a> Before the close of the second year of the third cycle, the prince +Tunatiuh arrived, landing at Porto Cavayo. When Tunatiuh came back from +Castile with the position of commander, each of us went before him to +receive him, O my children. It was then that he killed with his sword +the Ah-tzib Caok on account of his lineage; it was on the day 11 Ahmak +that he killed the Ah-tzib.</p> + +<p>On the day 2 Ah was completed the second year of the third cycle.</p> + +<p><a name="text172" id="text172"></a><a href="#note172">172.</a> One hundred and twenty days after the death of Ahtzib and of the +return of Tunatiuh to Panchoy, the prince Mantunalo departed, leaving +Tunatiuh in command. Two hundred and sixty days after his return, +Tunatiuh hanged the king Ahpozotzil Cahi Ymox, on<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_190" id="Page_190">[190]</a></span> the day 13 Ganel. +They hanged with him Quixavit Caok, by order of Tunatiuh.</p> + +<p>On the day 12 Ah was completed the third year of the third cycle.</p> + +<p><a name="text173" id="text173"></a><a href="#note173">173.</a> Two hundred and eighty days after the execution of the king +Ahpozotzil he hanged Chuvy Tziquinu, prince of the city, who had angered +him. They hanged him on the day 4 Can at Paxaya. They seized him on the +road and executed him secretly. Seventeen other chiefs were hanged at +the same time. On the day 4 <a name="corr25" id="corr25"></a><ins class="correction" title="Yg">Ig</ins> the chief Chicbal, who had caused +the death of Chuvy Tziquinu, was hanged in his turn, and with him +Nimabah and Quehchun. Meanwhile, Tunatiuh had left for Xuchipillan, +appointing as his lieutenant and to see to the hangings, Don Francisco, +who attended to them. One hundred days after the prince Chicbal had been +hanged, came the news that Tunatiuh had met his death at Xuchipillan.</p> + +<p>On the day 9 Ah was completed the fourth year of the third cycle after +the revolt.</p> + +<p><a name="text174" id="text174"></a><a href="#note174">174.</a> In the course of this year there was a great disaster which +destroyed the Castilians at Panchoy. On the day 2 Tihax the waters burst +from the mountain Hunahpu, rushing out from the interior of the +mountain, and enveloped the Castilians in destruction. The wife of +Tunatiuh was then drowned.</p> + + +<p class="sectionhead"><i>When Our Instruction Began.</i></p> + +<p>One hundred and sixty days after this disaster there arrived at our +house our fathers of St. Dominic, Brother Pedro Anculo and Brother Juan +de Torres. They arrived from Mexico on the day 12 Batz, and we began to +receive instruction from our fathers of St. Dominic. Then also appeared +the Doctrina in our language. Our fathers, Brother Pedro and Brother +Juan were the first who taught us the word of God. Until that time the +word and the commandments of God were unknown to us; we had lived in +darkness, for no one had<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_191" id="Page_191">[191]</a></span> spoken to us of the doctrine of God. There +were also the fathers of St. Francis, Father Alamicer and Father +Clerico, with those of St. Dominic, who spoke to us. They translated the +Doctrina into our language, and we were soon instructed by them.</p> + +<p>On the day 6 Ah was completed the fifth year of the third cycle.</p> + +<p>On the day 3 Ah was completed the sixth year of the third cycle after +the revolt.</p> + +<p>On the day 13 Ah was completed the seventh year.</p> + +<p><a name="text175" id="text175"></a><a href="#note175">175.</a> In the course of the year our fathers of St. Dominic separated from +those of St. Francis, on account of ashes; the latter went away. Ashes +were not given by our Fathers of St. Dominic; therefore, those of St. +Francis went away.</p> + +<p>On the day 10 Ah was completed the 8th year of the third cycle.</p> + +<p>On the day 7 Ah was completed the 9th year of the third cycle after the +revolt.</p> + +<p><a name="text176" id="text176"></a><a href="#note176">176.</a> In the course of the year the licentiate Don Juan Roxer arrived.</p> + + +<p class="sectionhead"><i>They Begin to Group the Houses.</i></p> + +<p>One hundred and six days after they had really begun to teach us the +word of God, then they commenced to gather together the houses in +groups, by order of the ruler, Juan Roser, and the people came forth +from their caves and ravines. On the day 7 Caok the capital was +repeopled, and we were there with all the tribes.</p> + +<p>On the day 4 Ah was completed the 10th year of the third cycle after the +revolt.</p> + +<p>On the day 1 Ah was completed the 11th year of the third cycle after the +revolt.</p> + +<p><a name="text177" id="text177"></a><a href="#note177">177.</a> In the course of the year the President Cerrado arrived, while the +licentiate Pedro Ramirez was still here. When he arrived he condemned +the Castilians; he set free the slaves and prisoners of the Castilians, +diminished by one-half the imposts, put an end to forced<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_192" id="Page_192">[192]</a></span> labor, and +obliged the Castilians to pay all for their work, little or great. This +Prince Cerrado truly solaced the afflictions of our nation; for I, +myself, O my children, was a witness of the many miseries which we +endured.</p> + +<p>On the day 11 Ah was completed the 12th year of the third cycle.</p> + +<p>On the day 8 Ah was completed the 13th year of the third cycle.</p> + +<p><a name="text178" id="text178"></a>178. In the course of the year died the Ahtzib Juan Perez; he died on +the day 12 Tihax. Eighty days after the death of the Ahtzib, there was +an eruption of the mountain Chigag; it was on the day 9 Ah that the fire +appeared in the mountain.</p> + +<p>On the day 5 Ah was completed the 14th year of the third cycle.</p> + +<p><a name="text179" id="text179"></a><a href="#note179">179.</a> During this year arrived the iron bell; it came from the emperor of +Castile; it reached us on the day 3 Hunahpu, which was on a Friday. +Twenty days after the arrival of the iron bell, the licentiate Ramirez +tried to kill the prince bishop at Pangan, the governor Cerrado being +present. The door of the church was forced by Ramirez. This took place +on a day 2 Can, on a Thursday. One hundred and sixty days after these +leaders had come to blows at Pangan, all our fathers of St. Francis and +St. Dominic came to blows in their turn at Xelahub, the former having +tried to wrest Xelahub from the Dominicans.</p> + +<p>On the day 2 Ah was completed the 15th year of the third cycle.</p> + +<p><a name="text180" id="text180"></a>180. In the course of this year the locusts (grasshoppers) reappeared. +It was on the day 12 Tziquin, the day after the Visitation, that the +grasshoppers came. They passed over all parts of the country, and we saw +them with you, my children.</p> + +<p>On the day 12 Ah was completed the 16th year of the third cycle.</p> + +<p><a name="text181" id="text181"></a><a href="#note181">181.</a> During the course of this year arrived the President Doctor +Quexata; it was on a day 2 Hunahpu that that ruler arrived here, coming +from Mexico. They<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_193" id="Page_193">[193]</a></span> were celebrating the feast of the circumcision. The +governor Cerrado was here when he arrived. When the Doctor Quexata had +almost arrived, the President Cerrado died. There was but little between +them. Then the Doctor Quexata died. He did not condemn any one, because +he had no time. But the ruler Cerrado condemned (the Castilians), for he +did what was right. About the same time died the chief Don Francisco +Ahpozotzil; it was on the day 1 Can, a Monday, the 14th day of the month +October, that he died. It was in this year that he died that the +nativity of our Saviour Jesus Christ came on the day 1 Batz.</p> + +<p>On the day 9 Ah was completed the 17th year of the third cycle.</p> + +<p><a name="text182" id="text182"></a><a href="#note182">182.</a> Forty days after the death of the chief Don Francisco, died our +Father Fray Domingo de Vico in Acalan. Truly, with great tortures was he +put to death by the tribe. Twenty days after the death of our father in +Acalan, Father Fray Francisco de la Para was exiled by the bishop and +the ruler Ramirez. This took place on Easter day.</p> + +<p>On the day 6 Ah was completed the 18th year of the third cycle.</p> + +<p><a name="text183" id="text183"></a>183. At this time died Alonzo de Pazon, the day 12 Ganel.</p> + +<p>In the 13th month of the year, the day of Sanctiago at Pangan occurred +on the day 1 Tziquin. On that day the Castilians at Pangan had great +rejoicings, because on that day was inaugurated as supreme monarch over +in Castile the Emperor Don Peliphe. There were then three rulers, the +Prince Ramirez, the Doctor Mercia and Louaisa. They held court at +Panchoy. In the 14th month of the year, after this day of Sanctiago, +there came an order from Ramirez. He imposed a tribute on members of the +nobility among the people. He also made provision for the surplusage of +the tribute. There had never been a surplus under the chiefs; it was +known to be stolen, but no one knew by whom. The maize tax was reduced +and that of roast fowls, and none of the chiefs could steal anything +from the surplus. This order of Ramirez was promulgated on the day of +St. Francis,<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_194" id="Page_194">[194]</a></span> a Monday, the day 7 Camey. Twenty days after the +promulgation of the order of Ramirez, the Book of the Doctrina was +published, on the day of Saints, a Monday; but many would not accept the +Doctrina, but refused it.</p> + +<p>On the day 3 Ah was completed the 19th year of the third cycle after the +revolt.</p> + +<p><a name="text184" id="text184"></a><a href="#note184">184.</a> The Alcaldes in the year 1557 were Don Juan Juarez and Don +Francisco Fez.</p> + +<p>In the course of the year an incursion was made to destroy the +Lacantuns. It was on the day 5 Ey that the ruler Ramirez sallied forth +as general, and Don Martin went also as general, twenty days before the +close of the third cycle.</p> + +<p>Don Juan Juarez and Francisco Pez Martin were chosen as Alcaldes, to +issue orders. (<i>Note by a later writer:</i> These were the first Alcaldes, +and with them began the elections.)</p> + +<p>On the day 13 Ah was completed the third cycle since the Revolt was +made. The third cycle was completed in the year 1558.</p> + +<p><a name="text185" id="text185"></a>185. When we were in the eleventh month of the year, a President Royal +arrived, on the day 3 Qat. When he arrived at Pangan on 1 Akbal, Don +Diego Pez was inaugurated as chief by the ruler Ramirez.</p> + +<p>Six months after the arrival of the President at Pangan, began here +again the pestilence which had formerly raged among the people. It came +from a distance. It was truly terrible when this death was sent among us +by the great God. Many families bowed their heads before it. The people +were seized with a chill and then a fever; blood issued from the nose; +there was a cough, and the throat and nose were swollen, both in the +lesser and the greater pestilence. All here were soon attacked. These +maladies began, O my children, on the day of the Circumcision, a Monday, +and as I was writing, we also were attacked with the disease.</p> + +<p>Diego Ernandez Xahil and Francisco Ernandez Galel Bagahol were Alcaldes +in the year 1559.</p> + +<p>The first year of the fourth cycle since the revolt was completed on the +day 10 Ah.</p> + + + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<p><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_195" id="Page_195">[195]</a></span></p> + +<h2 class="chapterhead"><a name="NOTES" id="NOTES"></a>NOTES.</h2> + + +<p><a name="note1" id="note1"></a><a href="#text1">1.</a> The author begins by stating his purpose in a few lines.</p> + +<p><i><span class="nowrap">xtinu<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ibah</span></i>, future of <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ibah</span></i>, to write, originally to paint.</p> + +<p><i>xeboço</i>, past tense, third person, plural, of the absolute form of +<i>boç</i>, here, as often, used actively. Compare <i>Gram.</i>, p. 49.</p> + +<p><i><span class="nowrap">la<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />abex</span></i>, passive of <i><span class="nowrap">la<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />abeh</span></i>, to inhabit, to settle.</p> + +<p><i>huyu <span class="nowrap">ta<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ah</span></i>, hills and plains, or, the interior and the coast; an +expression meaning the whole country.</p> + +<p><i>que cha</i>, they say, used as the French <i>on dit</i>, indicating that the +writer is reporting the words of another.</p> + +<p><i>ki</i>, an intensive or affirmative particle, thrown in to add strength to +the expression.</p> + +<p><i>ka tata</i>, our fathers, <i>ka mama</i>, our grandfathers and ancestors more +remote than fathers. These terms are to be understood in a general +sense.</p> + +<p><i>yx nu qahol</i>, you my sons, or <i>yx ka qahol</i>, you our sons, intimates +that this account was prepared for the family of the writer.</p> + +<p><i>pa Tulan.</i> The prep. <i>pa</i> (before a vowel <i>pan</i>) means in, at, to, and +from. Torresano (<i>MS. Gram.</i>) renders it by the Latin <i>ad</i>, <i>pro</i>, +<i>absque</i>, <i>ab</i>, <i>de</i>, <i>e</i>, <i>ex</i>. Brasseur translates these words “being +still in Tulan,” which does not make sense.</p> + +<p><a name="note2" id="note2"></a><a href="#text2">2.</a> <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />avitz</span></i>, <i>Zactecauh</i>. Both these names of the ancestral heroes +of the Cakchiquels appear to be partly Nahuatl. <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span></i> is “fire,” and +<i>Zak</i> is “white,” both Cakchiquel words, but <i>vitzli</i>, thorn, and +<i>techatl</i>, the stone of sacrifice, are Nahuatl.</p> + +<p><i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />haka</span> palouh</i>, the other side of the sea. The word <i>palouh</i> appears +to be derived from the verb <i>paloh</i>, to lift onesself up, to rise, +referring to the waves.</p> + +<p><i>pe vi</i>, and <i>vi pe</i>; on the use of the particle <i>vi</i>, see <i>Grammar</i>, p. +63.</p> + +<p><i>pa Tulan ru bi huyu</i>, from the country or place called Tulan. The word +<i>huyu</i> usually means hill or mountain; but it is frequently used in the +vague sense of “place,” “locality.”</p> + +<p><i>achij</i>, men, <i>viri</i>, not <i>homines</i>, which latter is <i>vinak</i>.</p> + +<p><i>Xahila</i>, a plural form. The name maybe derived from <i>xahoh</i>, to dance +in the sacred or ceremonial dances; or from <i>ahila</i>, to reckon or +number.</p> + +<p><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_196" id="Page_196">[196]</a></span><a href="#text3">3.</a> <i>chinamit</i>, the sub-gens. On this see the <a href="#subdivisions">Introduction</a>. The <a name="corr26" id="corr26"></a><ins class="correction" title="four">our</ins> +referred to include the Xahila, mentioned in the previous paragraph. +These four, the Xahila, the Gekaquch, the Baqahol, and the Cibaki, +formed the tribe; the remaining four, the Caveki, the Ah Queh, the Ah +Pak, and the Ykomagi, were of the same lineage, but not in the +confederacy.</p> + +<p><i>Daqui</i>; the letter <i>d</i> does not occur either in Cakchiquel or Nahuatl. +The foreign aspect of some of these names seems to point to an ancient +influence of some allophyllic tongue.</p> + +<p><a name="note4" id="note4"></a><a href="#text4">4.</a> <i>He <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oh</span></i>, etc. The writer here states that he gives the exact +words of the ancient tradition. He probably wrote the text from some +antique chant, which had been handed down from his ancestors. The +quotation begins at the words <i>Cahi xpe</i>, and continues to near the +close of the next paragraph, where the words <i>xecha can ri +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />avitz</span></i>, the above spoke Gagavitz, etc., mark its termination. +This is one of the most obscure passages in the book. The original text +is given by Brasseur among his <i>pièces justificatives</i>, in the appendix +to the first volume of his <i>Hist. du Mexique</i>. A comparison with his +translation will show that in several important constructions I differ +from him.</p> + +<p>The mythological references to Tulan, <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />abouil,</span> the Chay Abah, +Xibilbay, etc., have been discussed in the Introduction. The passage +corresponds to the first chapter of the third book of the Popol Vuh.</p> + +<p><i>Tulan</i>, <i>Tullan</i>; these variations are in the original.</p> + +<p><a name="note5" id="note5"></a><a href="#text5">5.</a> The particle <i>tan</i>, with which the paragraph opens, throws the +narrative into the “historical present,” for the sake of greater +vividness. The verb <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ak</span></i>, as at present used, means to make bricks, +etc., out of earth.</p> + +<p><i>xtiho</i>; translated by Brasseur, “the trial was made;” but it is the +imperfect passive of <i>tih</i>, which means “to give to another something to +eat or drink.”</p> + +<p><i>xaki</i>, plural of <i>xak</i>, generic word for leaf.</p> + +<p><i>utiuh</i>, <i>koch</i>; besides these, two other animals are named in the Popol +Vuh.</p> + +<p><i>achak</i> is the general word for excrement, either of men or brutes; +also, refuse, waste products in general.</p> + +<p><i>tiuh tiuh</i> is the name of a small variety of hawk. “<i>El gavilan +pequeño</i>.” Guzman, <i>Compendio de Nombres en Lengua Cakchiquel</i>. MS.</p> + +<p><i>mani <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> <span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hao</span></i>, “and he talked not.” The connective <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span></i>, like<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_197" id="Page_197">[197]</a></span> +<i>navipe</i>, and <i>pe</i>, all three of which may usually be translated by +“and,” is not placed at the beginning of the clause. <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ha</span></i> is to speak +in the general sense; hence, <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />habal</span></i>, a language. Synonyms of this +are <i>tin cha</i>, I say; <i>tin tzihoh</i>, I speak words, I harangue; <i>tin +biih</i>, I name, I express myself; and <i>quin ucheex</i>, I tell or say, +especially used in repeating what others have said (Coto, +<i>Vocabulario</i>). These words are of frequent use in the text.</p> + +<p><i>Rubanic chay abah ri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />apal</span></i>, etc.; this obscure passage was, I +think, entirely misunderstood by Brasseur. The word <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />apal</span></i> is +derived from the neuter form <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ape</span></i> of the active <i>tin <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />apih</span></i>, I +shut up or enclose, and means “that which is shut up,” <i>lo cerrado</i>, and +<i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />apibal</span></i>, the active form in the next line, means “that which shuts +up,” <i>i. e.</i>, gates or doors. It will be remembered (see ante, p. <a href="#Page_26">26</a>) +that the gates of Iximche were constructed partly of, or ornamented +with, obsidian, and the same is supposed here of the gates of the +mythical city or place of Tulan.</p> + +<p><i>ki-kan</i>; our burden, our tribute. The passage seems to indicate that +they left their former country to escape subjection.</p> + +<p><i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oh</span> qui tzih</i>; the passage may be translated “theirs were the words +which incited us,” <i>i. e.</i>, to revolt and to depart.</p> + +<p><a name="note6" id="note6"></a><a href="#text6">6.</a> The articles mentioned as paid in the tribute, have been described in +the Introduction (see p. <a href="#Page_39">39</a>).</p> + +<p><a name="note7" id="note7"></a><a href="#text7">7.</a> “So spoke the Obsidian Stone,” <i>i. e.</i>, the sacred oracle, referred +to as the final arbiter. See anté, p. <a href="#Page_26">26</a>.</p> + +<p>“The wood and stone which deceive,” that is, the idols of wood and stone +which they worshiped.</p> + +<p><a name="note8" id="note8"></a><a href="#text8">8.</a> This paragraph is obscure, and the numerous erasures in Brasseur’s +translation indicate the difficulty he found in discovering its meaning.</p> + +<p><a name="note9" id="note9"></a><a href="#text9">9.</a> <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />holloh</span> tacaxepeval rikan <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />eche</span></i>; Brasseur translates this: +“<i>Malheureux </i><a name="corr27" id="corr27"></a><ins class="correction" title="étaient"><i>etaient</i></ins><i> les fils et les vassaux des Quiches.</i>” I take +the word <i>tacaxepeval</i> to be the name of the first month in the +Cakchiquel calendar (see anté, p. <a href="#Page_29">29</a>); and <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />olloh</span></i> means “to divest +ourselves of, to get rid of.”</p> + +<p><a name="note13" id="note13"></a><a href="#text13">13.</a> This and the following section describes the efforts of certain +inimical powers, under the guise of birds, to obstruct and deceive the +Cakchiquels. The <i>chahalçivan</i> is a small bird which builds in the rocky +sides of the ravines, and is called by the Spaniards by a literal +translation, “<i>El guarda barranca</i>,” the gully-guard. The <i>tucur</i> is the +owl; this name being apparently an abbreviation of the Nahuatl +<i>tecolotl</i>. The bird called <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />anixt</span></i><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_198" id="Page_198">[198]</a></span> is the Spanish <i>cotorra</i>, a +small species of parrot. (Guzman, <i>Compendio de Nombres</i>, MS.)</p> + +<p>On the word <i>labalinic</i>, see Introduction, p. <a href="#Page_47">47</a>.</p> + +<p><a name="note14" id="note14"></a><a href="#text14">14.</a> The owl sat on the red tree, the <i>caka chee</i>, whence, as we learn +later, the tribe derived its name, Cakchiquel—a doubtful derivation.</p> + +<p><i>Chee abah</i>, wood and stone; understood to refer to the idols of these +substances.</p> + +<p><i><span class="nowrap">Ça<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ih</span></i>, for <i><span class="nowrap">Cak<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ih</span></i>, the spring. Father Coto has the following +under the words: “<i>Estio vel verano, <span class="nowrap">Çak<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ih;</span> pa çak <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ih</span></i>, en el +estio vel verano. Y nota que los que nosotros decimos en saliendo el +verano, o que quando para, estos lo entrinden al contrario; porque +decin, <i>mixel çak <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ih,</span> mani chic ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ih</span> hab</i>, ya salió el verano, no +ay mas aguero.”</p> + +<p><a name="note16" id="note16"></a><a href="#text16">16.</a> The <i>cak chee</i>, red tree, is translated by Father Guzman, “arbol de +carreta.” The legendary derivation of the name Cakchiquel from this is +doubtful. <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hamey</span></i> may mean something more than staff; it is applied +to the staff of office, the <i>bâton de commandement</i> carried by the +alguacils, etc.</p> + +<p>The whole paragraph is obscure, but seems to describe their leaving the +sandy shore of the sea, passing out of sight of land, then coming in +sight of it again, and going ashore.</p> + +<p><a name="note17" id="note17"></a><a href="#text17">17.</a> The word <i>ikan</i>, burden, here as elsewhere, is usually translated by +Brasseur, “tribute.”</p> + +<p><a name="note18" id="note18"></a><a href="#text18">18.</a> <i>Ah chay</i>, literally, “master of obsidian.” As this stone was +largely used for arrow heads and other weapons, the expression in this +connection seems to mean “master of arms.” <i>Ah <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />am</span></i>, from <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />am</span></i>, to +take, seize. Brasseur construes these words as in apposition to <i>vach</i>: +“Whom shall we make our master of arms,” etc.</p> + +<p><i>Etamayom</i>, from the root <i>et</i>, mark, sign; <i>etamah</i>, to know, to be +skilled in an art; <i>etamayom</i>, he who knows (see <i>Grammar</i>, pp. 27, 56). +Brasseur’s rendering, “<i>le Voyant</i>,” is less accurate. See his +translation of this passage in the <i>Hist. du Mexique</i>, Tome II, p. 92.</p> + +<p><i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />okikan</span></i>; Brasseur gives to this the extraordinary rendering, +“parfumés d’ambre.” But Coto states that it was the term applied to the +loads of roasted maize, which were the principal sustenance of the +natives on their journeys.</p> + +<p><a name="note19" id="note19"></a><a href="#text19">19.</a> The narration continues in the words of the ancestral heroes, who +speak in the first person, plural.</p> + +<p><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_199" id="Page_199">[199]</a></span><i>Nonovalcat</i>, <i>Xulpit</i>; the first of these names is decidedly Nahuatl, +and recurs in the <i>Maya Chronicles</i>. See Introduction, p. <a href="#Page_44">44</a>. The second +is clearly of Maya origin. These localities are located by Brasseur on +the Laguna de Terminos, near the mouth of the Usumacinta.</p> + +<p><a name="note20" id="note20"></a><a href="#text20">20.</a> Having defeated their enemies in the field, the Cakchiquels seized +their boats and ventured an attack on the town, in which they were +repulsed.</p> + +<p><i>Zuyva</i>; this famous name in Aztec mythology, was also familiar to the +Maya tribes. (See <i>The Maya Chronicles</i>, p. 110.) The term <i>ah zuyva</i> +seems here employed as a general term for the Nahuatl-speaking nations. +(See above, p. <a href="#Page_44">44</a>.)</p> + +<p><i><span class="nowrap">Ca<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" /></span></i>; I do not find this word in any dictionary; perhaps it is for +<i><span class="nowrap">ca<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" /></span></i>, a variety of wasp.</p> + +<p>“When we asked each other,” etc. Here follow some fragments of legends, +explaining the origin of the names of the tribes. They are quite +imaginary.</p> + +<p><i>Tohohil</i>, from <i>tohoh</i>, to resound in the water and the sky (sonar el +rio y el ayre, <i>Dicc. Cak. Anon.</i>); not <i>clangor armorum</i>, as Brasseur +translates it, but sounds of nature. <i>Tohil</i> was the name of the +principal Quiche divinity, and was supposed by Brasseur and Ximenez to +be an abbreviated form of Tohohil. But I have given reasons for +supposing it to mean “justice,” “equity,” and this legend was devised to +explain it, when its true etymology had become lost. (See my <i>Names of +the Gods in the Kiche Myths</i>, p. 23.)</p> + +<p><i>Cakix</i>; the bird so called, the <i>Ara macao</i>, of ornithologists, was one +of the totemic signs of the Zotzil families of the Cakchiquels. The +author here intimates that the name Cakchiquel is from <i>cakix</i> and +<i>chi</i>, month, forgetting that he has already derived it from <i>cak chee</i> +(Sec. 16).</p> + +<p><i><span class="nowrap">Chita<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ah</span></i>; “in the valley.”</p> + +<p><i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />u<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />cumatz</span></i>; see notes on <a href="#text38">Sec. 38</a>.</p> + +<p><i>Ahcic <span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span></i>; “the town on high,” built on some lofty eminence.</p> + +<p><i>Akahal</i>; the derivation suggested is from <i>akah</i>, a honey-comb or +wasp’s nest.</p> + +<p><i>Çaker</i>. This is an important word in Xahila’s narrative. It is derived +from <i>çak</i>, white; hence, <i>çaker</i>, to become white; also, to dawn, to +become light; metaphorically, of persons to become enlightened or +civilized. The active form, <i>çakericah</i>, means to inform, to acquaint +with, to instruct.</p> + +<p><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_200" id="Page_200">[200]</a></span><a href="#text21">21.</a> <i>Nima <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oxom,</span> nima chah</i>, Brasseur translates, “great ravines, +enormous oaks;” <i>chăh</i> is oak, <i>chāh</i>, ashes; <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ox</span></i>, to strike +fire, to clash stones together. <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hopiytzel</span></i>, “the bad place where the +flesh is torn from the body,” referring probably to sharp stones and +thorns. <i>Popo abah</i>, the Council Stone.</p> + +<p><i>Molomu chee</i>, “wood gathered together or piled up.” It is noteworthy +that this, which seems to be the name of a place, means in Cakchiquel +the same as <i>Quauhtemallan</i>, Guatemala, in Nahuatl. Perhaps the Aztec +allies of Alvarado merely translated the Cakchiquel name of the country. +(See Introduction, p. <a href="#Page_22">22</a>, <a href="#Footnote_22-1_23">note</a>.)</p> + +<p><i>Xahun chi lol</i>; a difficult phrase, translated by Brasseur, “le dernier +rejeton;” <i>lol</i> is applied to a condition of desertion and silence, as +that of an abandoned mill or village. On <i>halebal</i>, see Introduction, p. +<a href="#Page_46">46</a>.</p> + +<p>On <span class="nowrap">Zaki<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oxol,</span> and the conflict with him, see the Introduction, p. <a href="#Page_42">42</a>.</p> + +<p><a name="note22" id="note22"></a><a href="#text22">22.</a> <i>Ru chahim</i>; Brasseur translates this phrase, “between the fire and +the ashes,” taking <i>chahim</i> from <i>chāh</i>, ashes. But I take it to be +from the verb <i>chahih</i>, to guard, as later in the paragraph the question +is asked: “<i>Nak rumal tachahih bey?</i>” “Why guardest thou the road?”</p> + +<p><i>xcha <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> ok xul</i>; “aprés qu’il eut parlé, il joua sur la flute.” +Brasseur. The Abbé here mistook the preterit of <i>ul</i> to arrive, for the +noun <i>xul</i>, a flute.</p> + +<p><i>ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ux</span> huyu</i>. The ambiguity of the word <i>huyu</i>, here, as often, +offers difficulty in ascertaining the precise sense of the original. It +means mountain or hill, woods or forest, or simply place or locality. +While <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ux</span></i>, means literally “heart,” it also has the sense, “soul, +spirit.” (Coto, <i>Vocabulario</i>, <span class="smcap">MS.</span> s. v. <i>Corazon</i>.) Hence, the phrase +may be translated “the Spirit of the Forest,” or “of the Mountain.” +Brasseur prefers the latter, while I lean to the former.</p> + +<p><i>roqueçam</i>, from the root <i>oc</i>, to enter; applied to garments “that +which is entered,” or put on. Compare our slang expression, “to get into +one’s clothes.”</p> + +<p><i>xahpota</i>, see Introduction, p. <a href="#Page_18">18</a>.</p> + +<p><a name="note23" id="note23"></a><a href="#text23">23.</a> <i>Yukuba</i>, to string out; hence, to name <i>seriatim</i>. The last four +names given are clearly Nahuatl, as is also Zuchitan. This indicates +that the Cakchiquels, in their wanderings, had now entered the territory +of the Pipils, of the Pacific slope.</p> + +<p><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_201" id="Page_201">[201]</a></span><i><span class="nowrap">Cholama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span></i>; “the tribe of the Chols,” or “of the corn fields.” The +Chols were a Maya tribe, who lived around Palenque (see Stoll, +<i>Ethnographie der Rep. Guatemala</i>, pp. 89-93), but the reference in the +text is not to them, nor yet to the Mams, as Brasseur thought, but to a +nation speaking a non-Maya tongue.</p> + +<p><i>Vaya vaya ela opa</i>. I have given several reasons for the opinion that +these words are in the Xinca language. See my essay <i>On the Xinca +Indians of Guatemala</i>, in the <i>Proceedings of the American Philosophical +Society</i>, 1885.</p> + +<p><a name="note24" id="note24"></a><a href="#text24">24.</a> <i>Mem</i>, dumb, silent, incapable of speech. <i>Tin memuh vi</i>, I am dumb, +I keep silence; given in the text as the origin of the <i>nomen gentile</i>, +Mam. The Mams speak a dialect of the Maya, probably scarcely +intelligible to the Cakchiquels. They at present dwell in the +northwestern districts of the Republic of Guatemala. See Stoll, +<i>Ethnographie der Rep. Guatemala</i>, pp. 164-5.</p> + +<p><a name="note25" id="note25"></a><a href="#text25">25.</a> <i>Nacxit</i>. On this passage Brasseur builds his theory of the +formation of a great Toltec empire in Central America, about the close +of the eleventh century (<i>Hist. des Nations </i><a name="corr28" id="corr28"></a><ins class="correction" title="Civilisées"><i>Civilisèes</i></ins><i> du +Mexique</i>, Tom. II, pp. 101-5). He explains <i>Nacxit</i> as the last two +syllables of <i>Topiltzin Acxitl</i>, a title of Quetzalcoatl. <i>Cinpual +Taxuch</i> is undoubtedly from the same tongue. <i>Orbal tzam</i>, Bored Nose, +the pendent from the nose being apparently a sign of dignity, as the +pierced ears of the Incas.</p> + +<p><i>vapal abah</i>, “the lintel stone,” here used in the metaphorical sense of +“the corner stone.”</p> + +<p><a name="note26" id="note26"></a><a href="#text26">26.</a> The description of the dance of the Pokomams, leads us to suppose +that the author means it was a war dance. The Pokomams dwell at present +in the southeastern part of the Republic of Guatemala.</p> + +<p><i>chicop Çakbim</i>; the savage or barbarian Zakbim. See Introduction, p. +<a href="#Page_39">39</a>.</p> + +<p><a name="note27" id="note27"></a><a href="#text27">27.</a> <i>Tzaktzuy</i>. Brasseur translates “Château des Citrouilles,” mistaking +<i>tzak</i> for <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ak</span></i>, as he does throughout the passage; <i>tzuy</i> means +also cup or gourd, and the name may be rendered either “the ensnaring +cup,” or “vine.” Possibly it refers to a scene of drunkenness.</p> + +<p><i>ri retal</i>; the sign or mark. Brasseur translates it “limit” or +“landmark” of the Ahquehays. These were one of the noble families of the +Quiche stock.</p> + +<p><a name="note28" id="note28"></a><a href="#text28">28.</a> <i>Oronic Cakhay</i>, “the Red House of the Nobles,” said by<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_202" id="Page_202">[202]</a></span> Brasseur to +be a hill, one league west of the modern village of Rabinal.</p> + +<p><i>Tecpan</i>, “the royal house.” See Introduction, p. <a href="#Page_13">13</a>.</p> + +<p><i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />umah</span> chi qui <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ux</span></i>; Brasseur translates these words, “cuirassés +sur la poitrine,” and says this was the name of the Pokomams (<i>Hist. +Mex.</i>, II, p. 126). <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />uum</span></i> is leather or skin, and <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ux</span></i> is heart; +but <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />umah</span></i>, and later, <i><span class="nowrap">x<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />umax</span></i>, is a verb, signifying to lower, +to depress.</p> + +<p>“The venison and honey.” This sentence is apparently a gibe or jeer, +addressed by the defenders of Cakhay to Gagavitz after his attack on +their city had been repulsed.</p> + +<p><a name="note29" id="note29"></a><a href="#text29">29.</a> <i>Ah queh hay</i>, “those of the deer (skin) houses.”</p> + +<p><i><span class="nowrap">xakoti<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />en</span> a titil a <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ana</span> abah.</i> Brasseur translates, “il ne nous +est resté que les vieilles femmes et les pierres dejà hautes.” This +illustrates how far he is from the correct meaning at times. For these +words, see <a href="#note41">notes</a> to Sec. 41.</p> + +<p><a name="note30" id="note30"></a><a href="#text30">30.</a> <i>Xhachatah qui vach.</i> Brasseur gives this literally, “leurs faces +ensuite se divisèrent;” but <i>vach</i> means also “fruit, results, +possessions,” and so I render it.</p> + +<p><a name="note31" id="note31"></a><a href="#text31">31.</a> <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> xanul</i>, “the uncoverer of fire.” This is supposed by +Brasseur to be the name of a volcano, and the whole episode to refer to +a pretended miracle. See his <i>Hist. Mexique</i>, Vol. II, pp. 166-7. He +calls the passage “fort difficile,” which it certainly is.</p> + +<p><a name="note32" id="note32"></a><a href="#text32">32.</a> <i><span class="nowrap">Çakcho<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />.</span></i> “Brulé à blanc,” is Brasseur’s translation, but I +cannot verify it. No such stone is mentioned in Guzman’s list of +Cakchiquel names of stones. It would seem that there were fourteen chief +performers in the dance of <a name="corr29" id="corr29"></a><ins class="correction" title="This should be italicized"><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> xanul,</ins> and that they took the +name of certain stones.</p> + +<p><a name="note34" id="note34"></a><a href="#text34">34.</a> <i>Chi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />alibal</span></i>, “at the seat;” but the author chooses to derive it +from <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a</span></i>, hand, which is a doubtful etymology.</p> + +<p><a name="note35" id="note35"></a><a href="#text35">35.</a> The episode of Tolgom, his capture and death, is explained by +Brasseur, <i>suo more</i>, as the destruction of the ruler of an independent +tribe on the shores of Lake Atitlan.</p> + +<p><i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />habak</span> Nicnic</i>, the quivering mud, perhaps the quicksand. This +strange name adds to the obscurity of the legend.</p> + +<p><i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />akbatzulu.</span></i> The punning explanation of this name refers to its +similarity to <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ak</span></i>, to place in front of another; also to shoot with +arrows, or to stone. Its real derivation seems to be <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />akba</span></i>, from +<i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />akaba</span></i>, to reveal, disclose, and <i>tzulu</i>, to embrace, sleep +together. (Compare <i>chee tzulu</i>, later on.)</p> + +<p><a name="note37" id="note37"></a><a href="#text37">37.</a> His song, <i>i. e.</i>, his death song.</p> + +<p><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_203" id="Page_203">[203]</a></span><i>Chee tzulu</i>, “the interlaced trees.”</p> + +<p><i>Uchum</i>, the fifth month of the Cakchiquel calendar. See Introduction, +p. <a href="#Page_29">29</a>.</p> + +<p><a name="note38" id="note38"></a><a href="#text38">38.</a> <i>Ri tzam tzakbal <span class="nowrap">Tol<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />om</span></i>, “throwing the extremities of Tolgom.” +The reference to this festival is too slight to enable us to understand +it.</p> + +<p><i>Chi tulul</i>, “at the zapote trees.”</p> + +<p><i>Qabouil Abah</i>, “the Stone God,” possibly the Chay Abah before referred +to.</p> + +<p><i><span class="nowrap">Çu<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />u</span> cumatz</i>; the latter is the generic term for snake, but the +meaning of the prefix is uncertain. Perhaps it should read <i>çuxçu</i>, to +move in spiral lines, as is described in the text. This miraculous form +was one of Gagavitz’s metamorphoses.</p> + +<p><i>Nak ruma tiqui <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />am</span></i>, etc. These words of the hero Gagavitz are not +easy to translate. They seem to chide the Cakchiquels for their weakness +in seeking women, and to announce his intention to remain among the +Tzutuhils.</p> + +<p><i>ru <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hac</span> pe ri <span class="nowrap">ne<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />āh</span> coon</i>; perhaps this should be translated, +“the organs of the women have conquered.”</p> + +<p><a name="note39" id="note39"></a><a href="#text39">39.</a> <i>Çakeribal</i>, civilization, their becoming civilized. On the meaning +of this word see <a href="#note20">note</a> to Sec. 20.</p> + +<p><i>abah <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />uval</span></i>; the precious stone offered by <span class="nowrap">Ba<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol</span> as the price of +royalty, indicates that such carved gems were in high esteem. <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />uval</span></i> +is translated by Guzman and others, “diamond;” but it was probably +native jade.</p> + +<p><i>Chuluc balam</i>, literally “tiger piss,” the name of a common medicinal +plant, used in Guatemala as a diuretic (Guzman). In this connection it +either means the totem of a gens, or refers to a magic rite. The former +seems to be indicated by the term <i>chicop</i> (see Introd. p. <a href="#Page_39">39</a>).</p> + +<p><i>xahun chi raxon ru halebal</i>, a punning allusion to the name of the hill +Paraxone. Brasseur translates it “qui possédent l’un et l’autre ces +oiseaux bleus enchanteurs.”</p> + +<p><a name="note40" id="note40"></a><a href="#text40">40.</a> <i>The sun had risen</i>, etc. All these expressions are to be understood +metaphorically, with reference to the growing civilization of the +tribes.</p> + +<p><a name="note41" id="note41"></a><a href="#text41">41.</a> The description of the installation of <span class="nowrap">Ba<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol</span> as head chief, is +an interesting passage. Unfortunately, several of the terms used are not +found in the dictionaries, at least with any appropriate meaning. Thus, +<i>paz</i> is now applied to the swathing bands of infants; <i>cuçul</i> is the +cradle or bundle in which infants<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_204" id="Page_204">[204]</a></span> are fastened; while <i><span class="nowrap">ta<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />h</span></i> I have +not found at all. Guzman gives the expression, <i>titil <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ana</span> abah, caka +uleuh xak</i>, with the explanation, “Colores con que ungian los señores,” +and <i>Ah titil</i>, etc., “Señores ungidos de estos colores quando eran +puestos en señorios.” (<i>Compendio de Nombres en Lengua Cakchiquel</i>, MS., +170-4.)</p> + +<p><i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />u<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />u</span> cot</i>; <i>cot</i>, eagle; <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />u<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span></i>, the general term for various +species of quetzals, birds with brilliant green plumage. The reference +seems to be to one of the magical metamorphoses of <a name="corr30" id="corr30"></a><ins class="correction" title="This should be italicized"><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />avitz.</span></ins></p> + +<p><a name="note42" id="note42"></a><a href="#text42">42.</a> The difficulties experienced in their first endeavors to adopt a +sedentary and agricultural life are described.</p> + +<p><i>chicop <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />uch</span></i>, the “zopilote,” or carrion vulture. Possibly this +refers to a gens so designated.</p> + +<p><a name="note43" id="note43"></a><a href="#text43">43.</a> In this paragraph the writer expresses himself with great +directness.</p> + +<p><i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> chimin</i>, etc. As my translation differs considerably from +Brasseur’s, I add his: “En se mariant ils firent l’euvre de la chair +vraiment trop grande. Etant entrés pour se baigner, ils y rompirent leur +nature et gaspillèrent leur semence. Beaucoup y entrèrent dit-on, pour +compléter l’euvre charnelle, on la commit une seconde fois, le jeu s’y +établit absolument, et l’on forniqua par devant et par derrière.”</p> + +<p><a name="note44" id="note44"></a><a href="#text44">44.</a> This section offers an important description of the ancient methods +of worship.</p> + +<p><i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />axto<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />.</span></i> See the Introduction, p. <a href="#Page_40">40</a>.</p> + +<p><i>mez</i>, the house cat, but as this animal was not known to the natives +before the Conquest, some other animal must be intended.</p> + +<p><i>holom ocox</i>, “head fungus.” I follow Brasseur in translating this the +maguey thorns, without being able to justify it.</p> + +<p><i>Chay Abah.</i> See Introduction, p. <a href="#Page_43">43</a>.</p> + +<p><a name="note46" id="note46"></a><a href="#text46">46.</a> Whitewashing the interior of hollow trees with lime from the +excrements of birds and tigers, sounds so extraordinary that we may +suspect a mythical sense in the paragraph.</p> + +<p><i>chi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ohom</span></i>, from <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oh</span></i>, to dance the sacred dances in their +religious rites, “the place of the sacred ceremonies.”</p> + +<p>Cay Noh, Two Noh, Cay Batz, Two Batz, named after the days of their +birth. See Introduction, p. <a href="#Page_33">33</a>.</p> + +<p><a name="note47" id="note47"></a><a href="#text47">47.</a> <i>The same who came from Tulan.</i> Therefore, from the beginning of the +narrative to the present passage, merely the adult life of one man has +elapsed.</p> + +<p><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_205" id="Page_205">[205]</a></span><a href="#text48">48.</a> On the positions of the <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />alel</span></i> and <i>ahuchan</i>, see Introduction, +p. <a href="#Page_37">37</a>.</p> + +<p><i>ret ri Çactecauh</i>, “the sign of Zactecauh.” The precise meaning of this +expression escapes me.</p> + +<p><i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hopiytzel.</span></i> See <a href="#text30">Sec. 30</a> for the occurrence alluded to.</p> + +<p><a name="note49" id="note49"></a><a href="#text49">49.</a> <i>Tepeuh</i> is identified by Brasseur with the king <i>Itztayul</i>, of the +Quiches (<i>Hist. Mexique</i>, II, p. 485). He considers it a Nahuatl word, +but I have elsewhere maintained that it is from the Maya-Cakchiquel root +<i>tep</i>, filled up, abundantly supplied. See <i>The Names of the Gods in the +Kiche Myths</i>, pp. 11, 12. It is a term often applied to their Supreme +Being.</p> + +<p><a name="note52" id="note52"></a><a href="#text52">52.</a> <i>Cakbrakan</i>, the god of the earthquake. The myths concerning him are +given in the <i>Popol Vuh</i>.</p> + +<p><i>Quite to the far East</i>, literally, “and even to the sunrise.”</p> + +<p><i><span class="nowrap">ba<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />bal</span></i>, anything drawn out in threads, gold thread, cotton thread, +etc. If the word is to be construed adjectively, <i>puak <span class="nowrap">ba<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />pal</span></i> would +mean “worked metal.”</p> + +<p><a name="note56" id="note56"></a><a href="#text56">56.</a> <i>Ahpop Xahil</i>, etc.; on the meaning of these titles, see the +Introduction, p. <a href="#Page_36">36-7</a>.</p> + +<p><a name="note63" id="note63"></a><a href="#text63">63.</a> <i>Ya <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />otox</span> ul</i>; <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ot</span></i>, to chisel, engrave, originally to cut +into; hence, applied to the deep valleys or cañons which the rivers cut +into the soil.</p> + +<p><i>Ochal</i> or <i>Qabouil Çivan</i>; the latter name means “the god of the +ravine.” The location of this city is unknown, except that it was near +the Pacific. The general position of the Akahals was to the east of the +Cakchiquels. See Brasseur, <i>Hist. Mexique</i>, Tom. II, pp. 502, 530.</p> + +<p><a name="note64" id="note64"></a><a href="#text64">64.</a> <i><span class="nowrap">Me<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />enalah</span> huyu</i>, a town in the warm district, the <i>tierra +caliente</i>, near the southern or Pacific coast.</p> + +<p><i>chuvi vi te</i>, etc. The translation is doubtful. I follow Brasseur.</p> + +<p><a name="note66" id="note66"></a><a href="#text66">66.</a> The names of the four rulers here inserted seem to be of those who +held the power after Citan Qatu. Why the author does not relate any +incidents of their lives is uncertain. Perhaps they did not belong to +his family, and as he was writing rather a family than a national +history, he omitted them for this reason. Compare <a href="#text75">Sec. 75</a>.</p> + +<p><a name="note67" id="note67"></a><a href="#text67">67.</a> The Quiche king, Qikab, is frequently mentioned in the <i>Popol Vuh</i>. +His full name was <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />-<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />i-<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ab</span></i>, The Many Hands of Fire.</p> + +<p><a name="note79" id="note79"></a><a href="#text79">79.</a> <i>They wished that the roads should be free</i>; <i>rambey akan</i>, “la +franchise des chemins.” I do not find the expression in the +dictionaries.</p> + +<p><a name="note83" id="note83"></a><a href="#text83">83.</a> <i>Mixutzin malo</i>, “the augury is finished.” The <i>malol ixim</i><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_206" id="Page_206">[206]</a></span> was the +augur who divined the future by throwing up grains of corn, and +forecasting from the relative positions they assumed on falling. See +Introd., p. <a href="#Page_47">47</a>.</p> + +<p><i>cunum cachak</i>, a term of contempt; literally “their genitals, their +dung.”</p> + +<p>The <i>Ratzamut</i>. See Introd., p. <a href="#Page_21">21</a>.</p> + +<p><a name="note84" id="note84"></a><a href="#text84">84.</a> <i>Burning many roads</i>; destroying the houses and crops behind them.</p> + +<p><a name="note90" id="note90"></a><a href="#text90">90.</a> <i>hu chuvy, ca chuvy</i>; in the numeral system of the Cakchiquels a +<i>chuvy</i> is 8000, but the expression is frequently, as here, to be taken +figuratively, like our “myriads.”</p> + +<p><a name="note93" id="note93"></a><a href="#text93">93.</a> <i>ah-xit</i>, etc. On these titles see the Introduction, pp. <a href="#Page_18">18</a>, <a href="#Page_19">19</a>.</p> + +<p><a name="note94" id="note94"></a><a href="#text94">94.</a> <i><span class="nowrap">Vica<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> nu mam</i>, “the leaves or branches of my ancestor,” referring +to the fact that the Cakchiquels were of the same blood as the Akahals.</p> + +<p><a name="note96" id="note96"></a><a href="#text96">96.</a> <i><span class="nowrap">Çakli<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol</span></i>, etc. This rendering, which is Brasseur’s, I am +unable to verify.</p> + +<p><i>tok relic chic ahauh lahuh noh</i>; perhaps this should read, “then came +the chief Lahuh Noh.” So Brasseur translates it.</p> + +<p><a name="note102" id="note102"></a><a href="#text102">102.</a> <i>There were four women</i>, etc. This curious passage is so +differently translated by Brasseur, that I add his <span class="nowrap">rendering:—</span></p> + +<p>“Quatre femmes alors s’étant révetues de cottes de mailles, +ensanglantèrent leurs arcs et prirent part à la bataille; elles +s’étaient accompagnés de quatres jeunes gens et leurs flêches allèrent +frapper au milieu du tapis de Chucuybatzin, lancés qu’ elles étaient par +ces héros.... Le capitaine de bataille exposa ensuite les nudités de ces +femmes devant les murailles des Zotziles et des Xahiles d’ou ces femmes +étaient sorties.”</p> + +<p>The future student will decide between these very diverse explanations +of the text.</p> + +<p><a name="note106" id="note106"></a><a href="#text106">106.</a> <i>Stopped the messengers of the ruler.</i> The translation is doubtful.</p> + +<p><a name="note109" id="note109"></a><a href="#text109">109.</a> The people of Mixco or Mixcu were Pokomams. (See <a href="#text85">Sec. 85</a>.)</p> + +<p><a name="note110" id="note110"></a><a href="#text110">110.</a> <i>The Yaquis of Xivico</i>; the <i>Yaquis</i> were Aztecs. It is the Nahuatl +<i>yaqui</i>, merchants, as it was in this capacity that they first became +known to the tribes of Guatemala.</p> + +<p><a name="note117" id="note117"></a><a href="#text117">117.</a> This year, 1511 of our era, appears to have been the first of +official relations between the Aztecs and the tribes of Guatemala.</p> + +<p><a name="note118" id="note118"></a><a href="#text118">118.</a> The author speaks of himself for the first time. It may be presumed +that it was one of his earliest recollections.</p> + +<p><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_207" id="Page_207">[207]</a></span><a href="#text120">120.</a> <i>The doves</i>; possibly flights of wild pigeons.</p> + +<p><a name="note124" id="note124"></a><a href="#text124">124.</a> <i>Hu may</i>; on the reckoning of time see the Introduction, p. <a href="#Page_31">31</a>.</p> + +<p><a name="note127" id="note127"></a><a href="#text127">127.</a> <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hac</span></i>, the pestilence. Brasseur translates this “la maladie +syphilitique.” The vowel is long, <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />haac</span></i>. It is a word applied to any +eruptive disease, to the whole class of exanthemata. From the symptoms, +I am inclined to believe that it was an epidemic of malignant measles, a +disease very fatal to the natives of Central America.</p> + +<p><a name="note128" id="note128"></a><a href="#text128">128.</a> <i>Diego Juan.</i> Why this Spanish name is given, I cannot explain. +Brasseur gets over the difficulty by translating “le pére de Diego +Juan,” but this is not the sense of the original. Of course, <i>tata</i> and +<i>mama</i> are here used in their vague sense, as expressions of courtesy. +See Introduction, p. <a href="#Page_35">35</a>.</p> + +<p><a name="note144" id="note144"></a><a href="#text144">144.</a> Pedro de Alvarado, called the <i>Adelantado</i>, a Spanish title +formerly given to a governor of a province, and by his Mexican allies, +<i>Tonatiuh</i>, the Sun or Sun-God, reached the city of Gumarcaah, or +Utlatlan in the early spring of 1524.</p> + +<p><a name="note147" id="note147"></a><a href="#text147">147.</a> <i>Were burned alive.</i> “As I knew their evil intentions, and to keep +the people quiet, I burned them, and ordered their city razed to its +foundation,” writes Alvarado to Cortes. <i>Relacion, etc.</i></p> + +<p><i>400 men.</i> Alvarado writes <i>cuatro mil hombres</i>, “four thousand men.”</p> + +<p><a name="note148" id="note148"></a><a href="#text148">148.</a> <i>The palace of Tzupam.</i> Perhaps the palace described by Fuentes. +See Introduction, p. <a href="#Page_24">24</a>. Alvarado speaks of the friendly reception he +met with: “I could not have been more warmly welcomed to the house of my +father.” <i>Otra Relacion</i>, etc. His first visit was for eight days, April +11-19, 1524.</p> + +<p><i>Pa hul</i>, etc. This obscure passage is translated by Brasseur in his MS. +as follows: “Vous avez vu la-bas leur tombeau qui est au milieu des +autres;” whereas, in his <i>Hist. du Mexique</i>, Tom. IV, p. 651, he +translates the whole of this reply of the Cakchiquel king by these +words: “Eh quoi! aurais-je envoyé mes guerriers et mes braves mourir +pour vous et chercher un tombeau à Gumarcaah, si j’avais eu des +intentions si perfides!”</p> + +<p>This comparison will illustrate how differently he construed the +passage, and also what excessive license he took with his authorities.</p> + +<p><a name="note171" id="note171"></a><a href="#text171">171.</a> The order assigning the Oidor Alonso de Maldonado to take charge of +Guatemala, is dated Oct. 27, 1535, and he arrived there in the following +May.</p> + +<p><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_208" id="Page_208">[208]</a></span>On his return from Spain, Alvarado landed at Puerto de Caballos, April +4, 1539, and reached the city of Guatemala Sept. 16th of the same year.</p> + +<p>“On account of his lineage,” <i>Ruma ru chinamital</i>; the expression is not +clear.</p> + +<p><a name="corr31" id="corr31"></a><ins class="correction" title="172."><a name="note172" id="note172"></a><a href="#text173">173.</a></ins> “Prince of the city,” <i>Ahauh pa tinamit</i>; see <a href="#text168">Sec. 168</a>. Cahi +Imox and others had returned to settle in Iximche, and their actions had +become suspicious.</p> + +<p><a name="note173" id="note173"></a><a href="#text173">173.</a> Francisco de Alvarado was either the uncle or cousin of Don Pedro.</p> + +<p>The Adelantado died July 5, 1541, from an injury received while +attacking the stronghold of Nochistlan.</p> + +<p><a name="note174" id="note174"></a><a href="#text174">174.</a> This disaster occurred on the night of Sept. 10-11th, 1541.</p> + +<p>The mission referred to is mentioned by Torquemada, <i>Monarquia Indiana</i>, +Lib. XIX, Cap. XIV. Pedro de Angulo and his companion reached Guatemala +in 1539.</p> + +<p><a name="note175" id="note175"></a><a href="#text175">175.</a> “On account of ashes,” <i>Ruma chah</i>; Brasseur translates this +expression, “á cause de billevesées.”</p> + +<p><a name="note176" id="note176"></a><a href="#text176">176.</a> Juan Rogel was one of the “oidores.”</p> + +<p><a name="note177" id="note177"></a><a href="#text177">177.</a> Alonso Lopez Cerrato entered upon his duties in Guatemala May 26, +1548.</p> + +<p><a name="note179" id="note179"></a><a href="#text179">179.</a> Pedro Ramirez de Quiñones. The actor in this attempt was one of the +oidores. Bancroft, who refers to the quarrel between the Governor and +Bishop Marroquin, does not satisfactorily explain it. See his <i>Hist. of +Central America</i>, Vol. II, pp. 326-7. On Ramirez, see Juarros, <i>Hist. +Guatemala</i>, Tom. I, pp. 235-6.</p> + +<p><a name="note181" id="note181"></a><a href="#text181">181.</a> Antonio Rodriguez de Quezada took possession of the Presidency of +Guatemala Jan. 14, 1554, and retained it till his death in November, +1558; he was succeeded by Pedro Ramirez. (Comp. Juarros, I, p. 255, with +Bancroft, <i>Hist. Cent. Am.</i>, II, p. 358, who says 1555.)</p> + +<p><a name="corr32" id="corr32"></a><ins class="correction" title="This is a repeated number"><a href="#text181">181.</a></ins> “There was but little between them,” <i>Xa <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span> halal qui cohol +ahauh</i>; this expression is not clear. There appears to be considerable +vagueness in the writer’s chronology in this passage.</p> + +<p>“He did not condemn any one, because he had no time,” <i>Mani xuban ru +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />atbaltzih,</span> mani xyaloh</i>; an ignorant statement, since he held the +Presidency about four years.</p> + +<p>The reading of the last sentence is doubtful.</p> + +<p><a name="note182" id="note182"></a><a href="#text182">182.</a> Vico was killed in the summer of 1555.</p> + +<p><a name="note184" id="note184"></a><a href="#text184">184.</a> The expedition against the Lacandons took place early in 1559.</p> + + + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<p><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_209" id="Page_209">[209]</a></span></p> + +<h2 class="chapterhead"><a name="VOCABULARY" id="VOCABULARY"></a>VOCABULARY.</h2> + +<ul class="IX"> + <li><b>A</b>, <i>n.</i> A year; the thigh; <i>pron.</i> thy.</li> + <li><b>Abah</b>, <i>n.</i> A stone; a jar; the private parts.</li> + <li><b>Aca</b>, <i>part.</i> Related, affined. See p. <a href='#Page_32'>32</a>.</li> + <li><b>Ach.</b> A prefix indicating companionship.</li> + <li><b>Achak</b>, <i>n.</i> Excrement, offal, refuse, waste.</li> + <li><b>Achcayupil</b>, <i>n.</i> Quilted cotton defensive armor; or perhaps a +two-pointed lance; from <i>ach</i>, united; <i>cay</i>, two; <i>uopih</i>, to wound +with a lance. See p. <a href='#Page_18'>18</a>.</li> + <li><b>Achii</b>, <i>n.</i> Man (vir).</li> + <li><b>Achpe</b>, <i>v.</i> To accompany one.</li> + <li><b>Achpetic</b>, <i>n.</i> That which accompanies one.</li> + <li><b>Achya</b>, <i>v.</i> To receive (Brasseur); to give with.</li> + <li><b>Achyaic</b>, <i>n.</i> That which is given along with something else; <i>yaic</i>, +passive verbal from <i>ya</i>, to give.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap">Aco<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ih</span></b>, <i>v.</i> (For the more usual <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />oçih</span></i>). To strike or beat, +especially a drum.</li> + <li><b>Ah</b>, <i>n.</i> Name of a day. A prefix. <i>Gram.</i> p. 55.</li> + <li><b>Ahauh</b>, <i>n.</i> Ruler, chief, lord. See p. <a href='#Page_36'>36</a>.</li> + <li><b>Ahauarem</b>, <i>n.</i> Majesty, power.</li> + <li><b>Ahcic</b>, <i>adv.</i> Up, above, on top.</li> + <li><b>Ahilah</b>, <i>v.</i> To count or reckon with grains of corn or cacao, after the +Indian fashion.</li> + <li><b>Ahilan</b>, <i>v.</i> To count, to number.</li> + <li><b>Ahlabal</b>, <i>n.</i> Warrior, fighting man. See <a href="#labal"><i>Labal</i></a>.</li> + <li><b>Aho</b>, <i>v.</i> To wish, to like.</li> + <li><b>Ahpop</b>, <i>n.</i> The head chief. “<i>El cacique </i><a name="corr33" id="corr33"></a><ins class="correction" title="mayor.”"><i>mayor.</i></ins> See p. <a href='#Page_36'>36</a>.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap">Ahpop<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />amahay</span></b>, <i>n.</i> An official messenger, especially an official sent +to collect tribute. See p. <a href='#Page_36'>36</a>.</li> + <li><b>Ah-tzih</b>, <i>n.</i> Speaker, orator. See p. <a href='#Page_37'>37</a>.</li> + <li><a name="corr34" id="corr34"></a><ins class="correction" title="Ah-[dz]ib."><b><span class="nowrap">Ah-<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ib</span></b>,</ins> <i>n.</i> A scribe.</li> + <li><b>Akah</b>, <i>n.</i> A hornet.</li> + <li><b>Akan</b>, <i>n.</i> Leg, foot.</li> + <li><b>Al</b>, <i>n.</i> Son, child.</li> + <li><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_210" id="Page_210">[210]</a></span><b>Alabil</b>, <i>n.</i> Slave, servant.</li> + <li><b>Alah</b>, <i>v.</i> To bear, to carry; hence, to bring forth, to give birth to, +as a woman a child.</li> + <li><b>Alan</b>, <i>v.</i> To ridicule, depreciate.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap">Ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span></b>, <i>n.</i> Village, tribe, region or district. See p. <a href='#Page_33'>33</a>.</li> + <li><b>An</b>, <i>part.</i> An emphatic particle, truly, really.</li> + <li><b>Aneh</b>, <i>v.</i> To flee, escape.</li> + <li><b>Anom</b>, <i>n.</i> A fugitive.</li> + <li><b>At</b>, <i>pron.</i> Thou.</li> + <li><b>Atiniçah</b>, <i>v.</i> To bathe.</li> + <li><b>Avan</b>, <i>n.</i> Crops, plantings.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap">A<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a</span></b>, <i>n.</i> Night, darkness.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap">A<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />axah</span></b>, <i>v.</i> To hear, to listen to.</li> +</ul> + +<ul class="IX"> + <li><b>Bak</b>, <i>v.</i> To bore. <i>n.</i> A bone.</li> + <li><b>Bala</b>, <i>adv.</i> Where.</li> + <li><b>Balam</b>, <i>n.</i> A tiger.</li> + <li><b>Balbaxin</b>, <i>adj.</i> Twisted, interlaced, dense.</li> + <li><b>Ban</b>, <i>v.</i> 1. To make, to do, or cause to do. 2. To ask. 3. To dress, or +arrange one’s apparel.</li> + <li><b>Bay</b>, <i>n.</i> A mole, a ground animal.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap">Ba<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" /></span></b>, <i>n.</i> What is spun, as cotton, or drawn into fine threads as +gold. <i>n.</i> A monkey.</li> + <li><b>Be</b>, <i>v.</i> To go.</li> + <li><b>Belehe</b>, <i>adv.</i> Nine.</li> + <li><b>Bey</b>, <i>n.</i> Path, road, route.</li> + <li><b>Bi</b>, <i>n.</i> A name; <i>ru bi</i>, his or its name.</li> + <li><b>Bijh</b>, <i>v.</i> To speak, to talk.</li> + <li><b>Bijn</b>, <i>v.</i> To walk, to go on foot.</li> + <li><b>Birbot</b>, <i>v.</i> To make a loud, rumbling noise. <i>Ti birbot, ti nicnot</i>, it +roars and it rumbles, of the volcano (Varea).</li> + <li><b>Bitol</b>, <i>n.</i> The creator. See p. <a href='#Page_40'>40</a>.</li> + <li><b>Bix</b>, <i>n.</i> 1. Songs, chants, poems. 2. Sparks from a fire (p. <a href='#Page_17'>17</a>).</li> + <li><b>Bok</b>, <i>v.</i> To tear up; to pull down; to sell for another; to translate: +to defeat.</li> + <li><b>Bol</b>, <i>v.</i> To make deep trenches in the soil (“as the Indians of the +Sierra.” Varea).</li> + <li><b>Boleh</b>, <i>v.</i> To go in a row, in a series, or in a procession. Applied to +mountains, when one rises upon another (Varea).</li> + <li><b>Boz</b>, <i>vn.</i> To issue forth; hence, of flowers, to open, to blow; of a +butterfly, to come forth from the cocoon; of chicks, to<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_211" id="Page_211">[211]</a></span> come from the +egg; of grains of maize, to burst; of men, to proceed from, to be born; +<i>xeboço</i>, the absolute form.</li> +</ul> + +<ul class="IX"> + <li><b>Cabih</b>, <i>n.</i> Day after to-morrow.</li> + <li><b>Cacouh</b>, <i>n.</i> Cacao.</li> + <li><b>Cah</b>, <i>n.</i> The sky, heaven, the atmospheric region.</li> + <li><b>Cah</b>, <i>or</i> <b>Cahi</b>, <i>adv.</i> Four.</li> + <li><b>Cahlahuh</b>, <i>adv.</i> Fourteen.</li> + <li><b>Cahmah</b>, <i>v.</i> To meet a repulse, defeat.</li> + <li><b>Cak</b>, <i>adj.</i> Red.</li> + <li><b>Cakix</b>, <i>n.</i> A bird. See p. <a href='#Page_199'>199</a>.</li> + <li><b>Cal</b>, <i>n.</i> That which is united or joined.</li> + <li><b>Camel</b>, <i>n.</i> A mortal. <i>Adj.</i> Humble.</li> + <li><b>Camiçah</b>, <i>v.</i> To kill, to slay, to destroy.</li> + <li><b>Can</b>, <i>adv.</i> Remaining, aforesaid, already. See <i>Gram.</i>, p. 65.</li> + <li><b>Cana</b>, <i>n.</i> A captive taken in war.</li> + <li><b>Canah</b>, <i>v.</i> To remain, to leave; <i>ti canay</i>, neuter, it appears, it is +found.</li> + <li><b>Cani</b>, <i>adv.</i> Soon, shortly.</li> + <li><b>Canoh</b>, <i>v.</i> To seek, to search for.</li> + <li><b>Car</b>, <i>n.</i> Fish, generic name.</li> + <li><b>Cauh</b>, <i>n.</i> Ornaments, adornments.</li> + <li><b>Cavach</b>, <i>n.</i> Likeness, resemblance.</li> + <li><b>Cavuh</b>, <b>Cauh</b>, <i>v.</i> To place anew, to notify, to prepare; to change, to +put on again.</li> + <li><b>Cay</b>, <i>adv.</i> Two.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap">Ca<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" /></span></b>, <i>n.</i> Cock (Br).</li> + <li><b>Cib</b>, <i>n.</i> Smoke, vapor.</li> + <li><b>Civan</b>, <i>n.</i> A ravine, barranca.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap">Ci<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" /></span></b>, <i>v.</i> To lift up the voice, <i>n.</i> Shoutings.</li> + <li><b>Co.</b> A concessive particle. Good! Bravo! Courage! On!</li> + <li><b>Col</b>, <i>v.</i> To free, to liberate; to redeem, to save; <i>xoh ru col J. C. +chuvach cruz.</i> Christ redeemed us on the cross.</li> + <li><b>Coon</b>, <i>n.</i> For <i>cun</i>, pudenda of a woman (Xim); hence, woman.</li> + <li><b>Cot</b>, <i>n.</i> The eagle.</li> + <li><b>Cou</b>, <i>n.</i> Something rough and violent.</li> + <li><b>Couiricah</b>, <i>v.</i> To strengthen, to invigorate.</li> + <li><b>Covil</b>, <i>adj.</i> Bold, courageous.</li> + <li><b>Coz</b>, <i>v.</i> To rest.</li> + <li><b>Cucu</b>, <i>n.</i> Large vase for water.</li> + <li><b>Cuçul</b>, <i>n.</i> Cradle.</li> + <li><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_212" id="Page_212">[212]</a></span><b>Cuke</b>, <i>v.</i> To seat onesself.</li> + <li><b>Cuker</b>, <i>v.</i> To be seated; to be content.</li> + <li><b>Cumatz</b>, <i>n.</i> A serpent (gen). An eel.</li> + <li><b>Cunum Cachak.</b> See p. <a href='#Page_206'>206</a>.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap">Cuyu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />h</span></b>, <i>n.</i> A species of parrot.</li> +</ul> + +<ul class="IX"> + <li><b>Ça</b>, <i>v.</i> To expose or show to the sun; to dry. <i>Met.</i>; <i>çao ru vach</i>, to +show one’s face, to recover power.</li> + <li><b>Çach</b>, <i>v.</i> To lose, to become lost.</li> + <li><b>Çak</b>, <i>adj.</i> White; bright; light. <i>n.</i> A white or clear thing. A +clearing in the forest, cleared land (Varea).</li> + <li><b>Çahcab</b>, <i>n.</i> p. <a href='#Page_12'>12</a>, for</li> + <li><b>Çakcab</b>, <i>n.</i> Literally, white honey; white varnish (Brasseur). Probably +“war paint.”</li> + <li><b>Çaker</b>, <i>v.</i> To make white, light or clear. To clear a space in the +forest (Varea). See p. <a href='#Page_199'>199</a>.</li> + <li><b>Çakcorovach</b>, <i>n.</i> The dove or quail.</li> + <li><b>Çakquiy</b>, <i>n.</i> The maguey, used in making rope, etc.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap">Ça<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ih</span></b> for <b><span class="nowrap">Çak<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ih</span></b>, <i>n.</i> Literally, white days, applied to the spring +of the year. See p. <a href='#Page_198'>198</a>.</li> + <li><b>Çamahel</b>, <i>n.</i> Messengers.</li> + <li><b>Çanay</b>, <i>n.</i> Sand.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap">Ça<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ul</span></b>, <i>n.</i> A plantain; in gen. any kind of vegetable.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap">Ça<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" /></span></b>, <i>n.</i> Locusts.</li> + <li><b>Çe</b>, <i>v.</i> To row.</li> + <li><b>Çel</b>, <i>n.</i> A large painted vase for bathing (jicara pintado, <a name="corr35" id="corr35"></a><ins class="correction" title="Anon.).">Anon).</ins></li> + <li><b>Çeteçic</b>, <i>adj.</i> Circular, rounded. See p. <a href='#Page_18'>18</a>.</li> + <li><b>Çipah</b>, <i>v.</i> To present, to offer.</li> + <li><b>Çol</b>, <i>v.</i> for Tzolih, <a href="#tzolih">q. v.</a></li> + <li><b>Çol</b>, <i>v.</i> To upheave, to make a revolution.</li> + <li><b>Çolo</b>, <i>v.</i> To turn about; to return; to go back.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap">Ço<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" /></span></b>, <i>n.</i> A bat.</li> + <li><b>Çubak</b>, <i>n.</i> A kind of flute.</li> + <li><b>Çutulakin</b>, <i>v.</i> To render homage.</li> + <li><b>Çuq</b>, <i>n.</i> A cloud, the clouds.</li> +</ul> + +<ul class="IX"> + <li><b>Cha</b>, <i>v.</i> To say, to tell, to speak.</li> + <li><b>Chacan</b>, <i>v.</i> To cover, enclose; to be within or on.</li> + <li><b>Chactit</b> ?, from <span class="nowrap">Cha<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span> something tied or sewed.</li> + <li><b>Chăh</b>, <i>n.</i> The pine tree, the ocote pine.</li> + <li><b>Chah</b>, <i>n.</i> Ashes, cinders.</li> + <li><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_213" id="Page_213">[213]</a></span><b>Chapalcivan</b>, <i>n.</i> See p. <a href='#Page_197'>197</a>.</li> + <li><b>Chahih</b>, <i>v.</i> To guard, to watch; to protect; to keep. <i>Chahal çivan</i>, +the guard of the ravine. See <i>Gram.</i>, p. 42.</li> + <li><b>Chahir</b>, <i>v.</i> To burn, to reduce to cinders. From <i>chah</i>.</li> + <li><b>Chaomal</b>, <i>n.</i> Beauty, fruitfulness.</li> + <li><b>Chaomar</b>, <i>v.</i> To yield abundantly.</li> + <li><b>Chap</b>, <i>v.</i> To seize, to take, to take possession of.</li> + <li><b>Chay</b>, <i>n.</i> A stone. See p. <a href='#Page_18'>18</a>.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap">Cha<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />abeh</span></b>, <i>v.</i> To receive with pleasure, to take gladly.</li> + <li><b>Chee</b>, <i>n.</i> Wood, stick, tree.</li> + <li><b>Chi</b>, <i>n.</i> Mouth; aperture, opening; gate; mouth of a river; coast of the +sea; edge or border.</li> + <li><b>Chi.</b> 1. With, by, to, for, against. 2. In order to, that, and 3. While, +during, being.</li> + <li><b>Chic.</b> 1. A verbal particle, denoting past time. 2. Already, more. Before +<i>vi</i>, the <i>c</i> is dropped, as <i>hun chi vi</i>, once more.</li> + <li><b>Chicah.</b> Above, upon, upwards.</li> + <li><b>Chicohol.</b> Between yourselves.</li> + <li><b>Chicop.</b> A brute, an animal as distinguished from man; <i>met.</i>; a brutish +man. See p. <a href='#Page_39'>39</a>.</li> + <li><b>Chiih (chi ih).</b> Upon, on.</li> + <li><b>Chila.</b> There, that way.</li> + <li><b>Chin.</b> For, by, by means of, thus.</li> + <li><b>Chinak</b>, <i>interrog.</i> Who, which, what?</li> + <li><b>Chinamit</b>, <i>n.</i> Town, village. See p. <a href='#Page_32'>32</a>.</li> + <li><b>Chique.</b> To, for those.</li> + <li><b>Chiquichin.</b> To, for those.</li> + <li><b>Chiquih.</b> Against those.</li> + <li><b>Chire.</b> To, for him, that one.</li> + <li><b>Chirih.</b> Behind, against that one; from, out of.</li> + <li><b>Chivach.</b> Before yourselves.</li> + <li><b>Chive.</b> To, for, against yourselves.</li> + <li><b>Cho.</b> To, for, in, until, towards.</li> + <li><b>Chocola</b>, <i>adj.</i> In common, communal.</li> + <li><b>Cholol</b>, <i>v.</i> To place in order, to arrange.</li> + <li><b>Chom</b>, <i>n.</i> A lobster.</li> + <li><b>Choy</b>, <i>n.</i> A lake.</li> + <li><b>Chucohol</b>, <i>prep.</i> Among, between.</li> + <li><b>Chuluc</b>, <i>n.</i> Urine.</li> + <li><b>Chun</b>, <i>n.</i> Lime.</li> + <li><b>Chunah</b>, <i>v.</i> To whitewash.</li> + <li><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_214" id="Page_214">[214]</a></span><b>Chupam</b>, <i>prep.</i> Within, in.</li> + <li><b>Chuvi</b>, <i>prep.</i> Upon, over, on; <i>chuvi huyu</i>, on or upon the mountain.</li> +</ul> + +<ul class="IX"> + <li><b>Echa</b>, <i>n.</i> Edible fruits and vegetables. A generic word.</li> + <li><b>Elah</b>, <i>v.</i> To humble, to submit to.</li> + <li><b>Elebal</b>, <i>n.</i> The place whence something comes forth; as <i>relebal çib</i>, +the exit of the smoke, <i>i. e.</i>, the chimney (Varea); hence, <i>relebal +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ih</span></i>, the sunrise.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap">Ele<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ah</span></b>, <i>v.</i> To steal, to rob.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap">Ele<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />om</span></b>, <i>n.</i> A thief, a robber.</li> + <li><b>Et</b>, <i>n.</i> A mark, sign. <i>v.</i> To mark, designate.</li> + <li><b>Etamah</b>, <i>v.</i> To know, to understand; from <i>et</i>, a mark or sign.</li> +</ul> + +<ul class="IX"> + <li><b>Ha</b>, <i>pron.</i> He, it, that one; it is so; <i>ha ri</i>, it is thus; <i>ha ok</i>, at +that time, then, when.</li> + <li><b>Hab</b>, <i>n.</i> Rain.</li> + <li><b>Hach</b>, <i>v.</i> To divide, to separate.</li> + <li><b>Hak</b>, <i>v.</i> To open (a door, the mouth, etc).</li> + <li><b>Hal</b>, <i>v.</i> To change, to alter. See p. <a href='#Page_46'>46</a>.</li> + <li><b>Halal</b>, <i>adv.</i> A little, briefly.</li> + <li><b>Halebal</b>, <i>n.</i> That by which one changes or transforms himself, a magic +power; an instrumental form from <i>hal</i>, to change one’s garments, etc. +See p. <a href='#Page_46'>46</a>.</li> + <li><b>Halizin</b>, <i>n.</i> A change, an alteration; a change of raiment; the hair of +the head (Br).</li> + <li><b>Hay</b>, <i>n.</i> House, home. See p. <a href='#Page_33'>33</a>.</li> + <li><b>He</b>, <i>pron.</i> Those, their.</li> + <li><b>Hetah</b>, <i>adv.</i> See <a href="#tak"><i>Tak</i></a>.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap">He<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" /></span></b>, <i>v.</i> To drive or force away.</li> + <li><b>Hilil</b>, <i>v.</i> To thunder, to rumble.</li> + <li><b>Hique</b>, <i>v.</i> For <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hique,</span> <a href="#chique"><i>q. v.</i></a></li> + <li><b>Hit</b>, <i>v.</i> To promise, make vows; to offer.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap">Hi<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />uh</span></b>, <i>v.</i> To ardently desire, to covet.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap">Hi<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" /></span></b>, <i>v.</i> To hang.</li> + <li style="margin-left: 0em; text-indent: 0em;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="margin-left: 0" summary="Hol, Holih"> + <tr> + <td><b>Hol</b>,<br /><b>Holih</b>,</td> <td><span class="double">}</span></td> <td><i>v.</i> To concede, grant.</td> + </tr> + </table></li> + <li><b>Holom</b>, <i>n.</i> The head, a chief.</li> + <li><b>Homet</b>, <i>n.</i> Bark of trees.</li> + <li><b>Hote</b>, <i>v.</i> To rise, to go up, to mount.</li> + <li><b>Hox</b>, <i>n.</i> Branch of a tree.</li> + <li><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_215" id="Page_215">[215]</a></span><b>Hox</b>, <i>v.</i> To copulate, of men or beasts.</li> + <li><b>Hoye</b>, <i>part.</i> Expressing compassion.</li> + <li style="margin-left: 0em; text-indent: 0em;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="margin-left: 0" summary="Hoyevah, Hoye ru vach"> + <tr> + <td><b>Hoyevah</b>,<br /><b>Hoye ru vach</b>,</td> <td><span class="double">}</span></td> <td><i>v.</i> To have compassion, to extend mercy, to spare.</td> + </tr> + </table></li> + <li><b>Hucu</b>, <i>n.</i> A boat, canoe; a large dish.</li> + <li><b>Hucumah</b>, <i>adv.</i> Soon, promptly.</li> + <li><b>Hul</b>, <i>n.</i> A hole, a pit, a grave, etc.</li> + <li><b>Huley</b>, <i>adj.</i> Deep, profound.</li> + <li><b>Huluhut or Hulhut</b>, <i>n.</i> Something burning, on fire.</li> + <li><b>Hun</b>, <i>adv.</i> One; a or an.</li> + <li><b>Hunamah</b>, <i>v.</i> To make equal, to make ready, prepare.</li> + <li><b>Hunchic</b>, <i>adv.</i> The other.</li> + <li><b>Hutak</b>, <i>adv.</i> See <a href="#tak"><i>Tak</i></a>.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap">Hu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />içic</span></b>, <i>adv.</i> Only, alone, solely.</li> + <li><a name="huyu" id="huyu"></a><b>Huyu</b>, <i>n.</i> Mountain, hill, mound; a land or country, or place of +residence (<i>nu huyubal</i>, mi pueblo, Varea). The interior as opposed to +the coast. See <a href="#tatah"><i><span class="nowrap">Ta<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ah</span></i></a>.</li> +</ul> + +<ul class="IX"> + <li><b>Ikan</b>, <i>n.</i> A load, a burden, tribute, tax.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap">Iki<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a</span></b>, <i>n.</i> The right hand. <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a</span></i> hand.</li> + <li><b>Il</b>, <i>v. a.</i> To reach, to get, to see, to obtain; <i>n.</i> to get to, to +arrive at.</li> + <li><b>Il</b>, <i>n.</i> Fault, blame.</li> + <li><b>In</b>, <i>pron.</i> I.</li> + <li><b>Ixim</b>, <i>n.</i> Maize.</li> + <li><b>Ixok</b>, <i>n.</i> A woman.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap">I<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />o</span></b>, <i>v.</i> To pass on or beyond; to exceed, surpass.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap">I<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ovibeh</span></b>, <i>v.</i> To go on, or beyond.</li> +</ul> + +<ul class="IX"> + <li><b>Ka</b>, <i>pron.</i> Our.</li> + <li><b>Kaçah</b>, <i>v.</i> To put down, to conquer, to destroy.</li> + <li><b>Kah</b>, <i>v.</i> To descend, descending. See <i>Gram.</i>, <a name="corr36" id="corr36"></a><ins class="correction" title="p.">p,</ins> 64.</li> + <li><b>Kahibal</b>, <i>n.</i> The place of descent; hence, <i>kahibal <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ih</span></i>, the sunset.</li> + <li><b>Kel</b>, <i>v.</i> To disobey.</li> + <li><b>Ki</b>, <i>part.</i> An interrogative; also, denoting affirmation; often used +merely to give strength to an assertion. <i>Gram.</i>, p. 71.</li> + <li><b>Koch</b>, <i>n.</i> The crow.</li> + <li><b>Kul</b>, <i>n.</i> The neck.</li> + <li><b>Kup</b>, <i>v.</i> To seize, take by force.</li> + <li><b>Kuruh</b>, <i>v.</i> To draw or drag out or on.</li> +</ul> + + +<ul class="IX"> + <li><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_216" id="Page_216">[216]</a></span><b>Lab</b>, <i>n.</i> A portent, an augury. See pp. <a href='#Page_39'>39</a>, <a href='#Page_47'>47</a>.</li> + <li><a name="labal" id="labal"></a><b>Labal</b>, <i>n.</i> An enemy, opponent.</li> + <li><b>Labalih</b>, <i>v.</i> To make war, to fight. See p. <a href='#Page_47'>47</a>.</li> + <li><b>Lehah</b>, <i>v.</i> To fall sick; to grow weak; to be overcome or conquered.</li> + <li><b>Lakam</b>, <i>n.</i> The war banner, “bandera de la guerra.”</li> + <li><b>Lakeh</b>, <i>v.</i> To bring, to carry, to give.</li> + <li><b>Lam</b>, <i>n.</i> The hard part; trunk of a tree, etc.</li> + <li><b>Lamaba.</b> To detain one, to prevent him from going.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap">La<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />abeh</span></b>, <i>v.</i> To enter into a place, to dwell there; to occupy as a +residence (<i>entrar á morar en casa.</i> Varea).</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap">La<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />eh</span></b>, <i>v.</i> To join or unite two things; especially to unite in the +sexual act.</li> + <li><b>Lob</b>, <i>n.</i> Magical power.</li> + <li><b>Lol</b>, <i>n.</i> The silence or state of desertion left by a pestilence, etc. +See p. <a href='#Page_38'>38</a>.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap">Lo<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span></b>, <i>v.</i> To prize, to hold dear, to esteem.</li> +</ul> + +<ul class="IX"> + <li><b>Macamo</b>, <i>v.</i> To take alarm, to be frightened, to wonder at.</li> + <li><b>Maha</b>, <i>adv.</i> Even not, not yet.</li> + <li><b>Mahanick</b>, <i>adv.</i> Before that, previous to.</li> + <li><b>Malohic</b>, <i>n.</i> A preparation of maize (?).</li> + <li><b>Mam</b>, <i>n.</i> Grandchild.</li> + <li><b>Mama</b>, <i>n.</i> An old man; <i>pl.</i> <i>mamaa</i>, the old men; <i>nu mama</i>, my +ancestors; also the rulers of a village; applied to animals it means the +male of the species.</li> + <li><b>Mani</b>, <i>adv.</i> No, not.</li> + <li><b>May</b>, <i>v.</i> A cycle, especially of 20 years. <i>May <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ih</span></i>, a calendar for +calculating cycles. See p. <a href='#Page_31'>31</a>.</li> + <li><b>Meal</b>, <i>n.</i> A daughter.</li> + <li><b>Meba</b>, <i>adj.</i> Poor.</li> + <li><b>Meh</b>, <i>n.</i> A gable in a roof; an angle; a fold in clothing, etc.</li> + <li><b>Meho</b>, <i>v.</i> To make an angle or fold; hence, to go to a place and return +from it.</li> + <li><b>Mem</b>, <i>n.</i> A dumb man; to be dumb.</li> + <li><b>Mez</b>, <i>n.</i> A cat. See p. <a href='#Page_44'>44</a>.</li> + <li><b>Meztah</b>, <i>v.</i> To forget.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap">Me<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />en</span></b>, <i>adj.</i> Warm, hot.</li> + <li><b>Mi</b>, <i>adv.</i> Particle, denoting recent past time, prefixed to form the +proximate preterit tense.</li> + <li><b>Mier</b>, <i>adv.</i> Already, previously.</li> + <li><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_217" id="Page_217">[217]</a></span><b><span class="nowrap">Mi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />h</span></b>, <i>v.</i> To tear up, to tear out or down.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap">Mi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hoh</span></b>, <i>v.</i> To lie to, to deceive; to ridicule, to laugh at, to mock.</li> + <li><b>Mol</b>, <i>v.</i> To gather together scattered things, to fill up, to collect.</li> + <li><b>Moyeuh</b>, <i>n.</i> A fog, the mist.</li> + <li><b>Muh</b>, <i>n.</i> Shade, shadow; hence, fig. protection, guardianship. See p. +<a href="#Page_20">20</a>.</li> + <li><b>Muk</b>, <i>v.</i> To hide, to conceal; to bury.</li> + <li><b>Mun</b>, <i>adj.</i> Hungry, <i>n.</i> A slave. See p. <a href='#Page_39'>39</a>.</li> +</ul> + +<ul class="IX"> + <li><b>Na</b>, <i>adv.</i> A particle denoting priority, from <i>nabey</i>, first; hence, +<i>navipe</i>, and, also, next, until, presently. See <i>Gram.</i>, p. 65.</li> + <li><b>Na</b>, <i>v.</i> To know, to learn.</li> + <li><b>Nabey</b>, <i>adv.</i> First.</li> + <li><b>Nabeyah</b>, <i>v.</i> To be first.</li> + <li><b>Naek</b>, <i>adv.</i> Although, but.</li> + <li><b>Nano</b>, <i>v.</i> To receive more than another.</li> + <li><b>Nanoh</b>, <i>adj.</i> Known, said; hence, <i>xa nanoh</i>, already known, aforesaid, +etc. From <i>na</i>, to know.</li> + <li><b>Naval</b>, <i>n.</i> Knowledge, wisdom; especially occult knowledge, magic, +sorcery. See p. <a href='#Page_46'>46</a>.</li> + <li><b>Nicnic</b>, <i>v.</i> To quiver, to tremble.</li> + <li><b>Nima</b>, <i>adj.</i> Great, <i>n.</i> A great thing.</li> + <li><b>Nimah</b>, <i>v.</i> To make great, to adore.</li> + <li><b>Nimal</b>, <i>n.</i> The elder brother; the head of a home.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap">Ni<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ah</span></b>, <i>n.</i> The middle, the center.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap">Ni<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahal</span></b>, <i>n.</i> The middle parts of anything; the sexual parts, +<a name="corr37" id="corr37"></a><ins class="correction" title="etc.">etc</ins></li> + <li><b>Nu</b>, <i>pron.</i> My, mine.</li> +</ul> + +<ul class="IX"> + <li><b>Oc</b>, <i>v.</i> To enter.</li> + <li><b>Ochoch</b>, <i>n.</i> House. See p. <a href='#Page_33'>33</a>.</li> + <li><b>Ocox</b>, <i>n.</i> Fungus, of the edible variety.</li> + <li><b>Oh</b>, <i>pron.</i> We.</li> + <li><b>Oh</b>, <i>adv.</i> Sign of the imperative. <i>Oh a <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ama</span> pe lae queh</i>, Bring that +horse (Varea).</li> + <li><b>Ohb</b>, <i>n.</i> A cough.</li> + <li><b>Oher</b>, <i>adv.</i> Formerly, in ancient times.</li> + <li><b>Ok</b>, <i>adv.</i> When; also the imperative particle.</li> + <li><b>Okok</b>, <i>n.</i> Wild goose.</li> + <li><b>Oqueçah</b>, <i>v.</i> To put something in something; hence, to put on<span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_218" id="Page_218">[218]</a></span> one’s +clothes, to dress onesself. From <i>oc</i>, to enter. <i>Met.</i> to obey.</li> + <li><b>Oro</b>, <i>v.</i> To bore, to pierce, to hollow out.</li> + <li><b>Oxlahuh</b>, <i>adv.</i> Thirteen.</li> + <li><b>Oyevar</b>, <i>v.</i> To become angry.</li> + <li><b>Oyobeh</b>, <i>v.</i> To hope.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap">O<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span></b>, <i>v.</i> To weep, to cry.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap">O<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />eh</span></b>, <i>n.</i> A wail, a weeping. <i>v.</i> To bewail.</li> +</ul> + +<ul class="IX"> + <li><b>Pa</b>, <i>prep.</i> In, to; <i>tan qui be pa huyu</i>, I am going to the +<a name="corr38" id="corr38"></a><ins class="correction" title="mountain.">mountain</ins> <i>pa hay</i>, in the house. Before a vowel, <i>pan</i> is used.</li> + <li><b>Pac or Pacay</b>. The anona, the custard apple.</li> + <li><b>Pacac</b>, <i>v.</i> To dawn.</li> + <li><b>Pae</b>, <i>v.</i> To be on foot, to stand, to be at.</li> + <li><b>Palah</b>, <i>v.</i> To annoy, to bother.</li> + <li><b>Palouh</b>, <i>n.</i> The ocean, the sea; called also <i>nima ya</i>, the great water. +See p. <a href='#Page_195'>195</a>.</li> + <li><b>Patan</b>, <i>v.</i> Tribute, tax. See p. <a href='#Page_39'>39</a>.</li> + <li><b>Pax</b>, <i>v.</i> To break; to put to flight, to scatter.</li> + <li><b>Paz</b>, <i>n.</i> Swathing bands; folding robes.</li> + <li><b>Pe</b>, <i>v.</i> To come. Often used in a peculiar gerundive sense, as a verbal +particle. See <i>Gram.</i>, p. 64.</li> + <li><b>Pek</b>, <i>n.</i> The fruit tree called Pataxte (Guzman).</li> + <li><b>Pixa</b>, <i>n.</i> Order, command, direction.</li> + <li><b>Pixabah</b>, <i>v.</i> To order, to command.</li> + <li><b>Po</b>, <i>v.</i> 1. To cry out loudly. 2. To be angry with some one.</li> + <li><b>Pocob</b>, <i>n.</i> A shield. See p. <a href='#Page_18'>18</a>.</li> + <li><b>Poklah</b>, <i>n.</i> Dust.</li> + <li><b>Pokon</b>, <i>n.</i> Trouble, pain.</li> + <li><b>Pop</b>, <i>n.</i> A mat; <i>popoh</i>, a council. See p. <a href='#Page_36'>36</a>.</li> + <li><b>Poroh</b>, <i>v.</i> To burn, to set on fire.</li> + <li><b>Poye</b>, <i>v.</i> <a name="corr39" id="corr39"></a><ins class="correction" title="To put to one">To put one</ins> side, to neglect.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap">Po<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />h</span></b>, <i>v.</i> To divide, to split.</li> + <li><b>Puak or Puvak</b>, <i>n.</i> Silver; money, coin. See p. <a href='#Page_19'>19</a>.</li> + <li><b>Pub</b>, <i>n.</i> The blow-gun, p. <a href='#Page_18'>18</a>.</li> + <li><b>Puz</b>, <i>n.</i> Power, magic. See p. <a href='#Page_46'>46</a>.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap">Pu<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span></b>, <i>v.</i> To break up ground; to soak in water; to dissolve or to make +into dust. Hence, <i>n.</i> fire, dust.</li> +</ul> + +<ul class="IX"> + <li><b>Que</b>, <i>pron.</i> They, used with absolute, passive and neuter verbs. +<i>Gram.</i>, p. 47.</li> + <li><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_219" id="Page_219">[219]</a></span><b>Queh</b>, <i>n.</i> A deer.</li> + <li><b>Quere</b>, <i>adv.</i> Thus, as, even so; <i><span class="nowrap">quere<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span></i>, therefore; <i>querera</i>, as +this; <i>querelae</i>, as that.</li> + <li><b>Qui</b>, <i>pron.</i> Those, their.</li> + <li><b>Quichin</b>, <i>pron.</i> Of them.</li> + <li><b>Quicot</b>, <i>v.</i> To rejoice, to delight in.</li> + <li><b>Quir</b>, <i>v.</i> To unloose, untie.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap">Qui<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" /></span></b>, <i>n.</i> Blood.</li> +</ul> + +<ul class="IX"> + <li><b>Rah</b>, <i>v.</i> To wish, <i>tivaho</i>, I wish; (absolute) <i>xraho</i>, he wished.</li> + <li><b>Ramon</b>, <i>n.</i> A piece, a bit.</li> + <li><b>Ramoneh</b>, <i>v.</i> To reduce to pieces, to overcome.</li> + <li><b>Rax</b>, <i>adj.</i> Green, blue; precious, noble; renowned, famous.</li> + <li><b>Raxah</b>, <i>n.</i> A tree, a species of plantain.</li> + <li><b>Ri</b>, <i>pron.</i> He, <a name="corr40" id="corr40"></a><ins class="correction" title="she,">she</ins> it; this, that; often used in the sense of +definite article, <i>ri huyu</i>, the hill.</li> + <li><b>Richin</b>, <i>pron.</i> Of that one, of him, his, its.</li> + <li><b>Ruma</b>, <i>prep.</i> By, for, with.</li> +</ul> + +<ul class="IX"> + <li><b>Tacaxepeval</b>, <i>n.</i> Name of the first month of the native calendar.</li> + <li><a name="tak" id="tak"></a><a name="corr41" id="corr41"></a><ins class="correction" title="This entry is out of alphabetical order"><b>Tak</b>,</ins> <i>v.</i> To send, to call one, to despatch to one. <i>Gram.</i>, p. +42.</li> + <li><b>Tahin</b>, <i>part.</i> Of present time.</li> + <li><b>Tak</b>, <i>adv.</i> A particle conveying the idea of recurrence or repetition, +as <i>hetak</i>, <i>hutak</i>, p. <a href='#Page_12'>12</a>. See <i>Gram.</i>, p. 72.</li> + <li><b>Takchibal</b>, <i>n.</i> That which incites, or persuades. An instrumental form +from <i>takchiih</i>.</li> + <li><b>Takchiih</b>, <i>v.</i> To incite, move, induce.</li> + <li><b>Takeh</b>, <i>v.</i> To obey.</li> + <li><b>Tan</b>, <i>adv.</i> Now, at present; particle of present time.</li> + <li><b>Tap</b>, <i>n.</i> Crab.</li> + <li><b>Tata</b>, <i>n.</i> Father. Originally the reduplication of the particle of +courtesy, <i>ta</i>, which is now used by and to married people. It also +means lord, ruler. Cf. <i>Gram.</i>, p. 72.</li> + <li><a name="tatah" id="tatah"></a><b><span class="nowrap">Ta<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ah</span></b>, <i>n.</i> A plain; the sea coast as opposed to the interior. See +<a href="#huyu"><i>Huyu</i></a>.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap">Ta<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />h</span></b>, <i>n.</i></li> + <li><b>Tecpan</b>, <i>n.</i> See p. <a href='#Page_13'>13</a>.</li> + <li><b>Tee</b>, <i>n.</i> Mother. See p. <a href='#Page_35'>35</a>.</li> + <li><b>Telep</b>, <i>v.</i> To carry on the shoulders.</li> + <li><b>Telechuh</b>, <i>v.</i> To wrestle; to take captive; to tie with cords.</li> + <li><b>Tem</b>, <i>n.</i> A bench or seat. See p. <a href='#Page_20'>20</a>.</li> + <li><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_220" id="Page_220">[220]</a></span><b>Tepeval</b>, <i>n.</i> Sovereignty, power.</li> + <li><b>Teuh</b>, <i>adj.</i> Cold.</li> + <li><b>Ti</b>, <i>v.</i> To eat, to bite.</li> + <li><b>Ti</b>, <i>pron.</i> He, it, she; you.</li> + <li><b>Tih</b>, <i>v.</i> To give to eat, to feed; to invite; to try, to test; to teach, +to instruct.</li> + <li><b>Tih</b>, <i>n.</i> The doctrine, the teaching.</li> + <li><b>Tihoh</b>, <i>v.</i> To teach another.</li> + <li><b>Tinamit</b>, <i>n.</i> Town, city.</li> + <li><b>Tiohil</b>, <i>n.</i> The body, the bulk of an animal.</li> + <li><b>Tiquer</b>, <i>v.</i> To begin, to commence.</li> + <li><b>Titil</b>, <i>n.</i> A color. See p. <a href='#Page_204'>204</a>.</li> + <li><b>Tiuh tiuh</b>, <i>n.</i> See p. <a href='#Page_196'>196</a>.</li> + <li><b>Tixli</b>, <i>n.</i> The tapir.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap">Ti<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />uil</span></b>, <i>v.</i> To be rooted in the ground. See <a href="#cuil"><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />uil</span></a>.</li> + <li><b>To</b>, <i>v.</i> To aid, to succor.</li> + <li><b>Tohoh</b>, <i>v.</i> To make a loud noise, to thunder. See p. <a href='#Page_199'>199</a>.</li> + <li><b>Tol</b>, <i>v.</i> To abandon.</li> + <li><b>Toloba</b>, <i>v.</i> To desert, abandon, forsake.</li> + <li><b>Tooh</b>, <i>n.</i> Weapons, of all kinds.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap">To<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span></b>, <i>v.</i> To shoot up, to burst forth.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap">To<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span></b>, <i>v.</i> To push in, to insert.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap">To<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />e</span></b>, <i>v.</i> To arrive at a place.</li> + <li><b>Tuc</b>, <i>v.</i> To turn, revolve, move about.</li> + <li><b>Tucur</b>, <i>n.</i> The owl.</li> + <li><b>Tulul</b>, <i>n.</i> The zapote tree.</li> + <li><b>Tun</b>, <i>n.</i> A native drum; a branch, a sprout, a twig.</li> + <li><b>Tunay</b>, <i>n.</i> The elder tree. Span. <i>sauco</i>.</li> + <li><b>Tux</b>, <i>n.</i> A kind of acorn.</li> +</ul> + +<ul class="IX"> + <li><b>Ucheex</b>, <i>v.</i> To relate, to tell, to say, especially in reporting what +others have said. As a rule it follows the words quoted (<i>Coto</i>).</li> + <li><b>Ue</b>, <i>conj.</i> If.</li> + <li><b>Ul</b>, <i>v.</i> To arrive, to come to.</li> + <li><b>Ulaah</b>, <i>v.</i> To arrive at, as a home; to seek as a refuge (Bras.).</li> + <li><b>Ulaam</b>, <i>v.</i> To have at one’s house, as a guest, etc.</li> + <li><b>Uleuh</b>, <i>n.</i> Earth, soil, land, ground.</li> + <li><b>Umul</b>, <i>n.</i> The rabbit.</li> + <li><b>Unum</b>, <i>n.</i> The male organ; a worm, a snake.</li> + <li><b>Ut</b>, <i>n.</i> Dove.</li> + <li><b>Utiuh</b>, <i>n.</i> The coyote.</li> + <li><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_221" id="Page_221">[221]</a></span><b>Utzin</b>, <i>v.</i> To finish, to complete.</li> + <li><b>Ux</b>, <i>v.</i> To be, to become. See <i>Gram.</i>, p. 33.</li> + <li><b>Uxla</b>, <i>n.</i> The breath; an odor; steam.</li> + <li><b>Uxlan</b>, <i>v.</i> To rest, to repose, to take breath (from <i>uxla</i>).</li> +</ul> + +<ul class="IX"> + <li><b>Va</b>, <i>part.</i> Here, now.</li> + <li><b>Va</b>, <i>v.</i> To eat.</li> + <li><b>Vach</b>, <i>n.</i> Face, visage, front; surface, superficies; brightness, +splendor; fruit, products, profits; power, dignity.</li> + <li><b>Vachih</b>, <i>v.</i> To see with one’s own eyes; to have before one’s face.</li> + <li><b>Vae</b>, <i>part.</i> This, this is, here is.</li> + <li><b>Vapal</b>, <i>n.</i> The lintel of a door, the frame of a window, etc.</li> + <li><b>Var</b>, <i>v.</i> To sleep.</li> + <li><b>Vave</b>, <i>adv.</i> Here.</li> + <li><b>Vay</b>, <i>n.</i> Bread, of any kind.</li> + <li><b>Vayhal</b>, <i>n.</i> Hunger.</li> + <li><b>Vi</b>, <i>n.</i> The head.</li> + <li><b>Vi</b>, <i>part.</i> A correlative and instrumental particle. See <i>Gram.</i>, p. 63.</li> + <li><b>Vik</b>, <i>v.</i> To increase or add something; to ornament, to adorn; to +arrange, to set in order by adding to.</li> + <li><b>Vinak</b>, <i>n.</i> Man, the human species; a people.</li> + <li><b>Vinak chij</b>, <i>n.</i> Injury or misfortune; a legal term applied to certain +torts.</li> + <li><b>Vuk</b>, <i>adj.</i> Seven.</li> +</ul> + +<ul class="IX"> + <li><a name="xa" id="xa"></a><b>Xa</b>, <i>part.</i> But, only, etc. An antithetical particle, used in many +connections, as <i>xae</i>, <i>xa <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span></i>, <i>xa ri <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span></i>, <i>va xe re</i>, <i>xa <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span></i>, +<i>xe re</i>, <i>xa ha</i>, all signify but, next, etc.</li> + <li><b>Xah</b>, <i>v.</i> To move actively and cheerfully; hence, to dance; of a dog, to +wag his tail.</li> + <li><b>Xahab</b>, <i>n.</i> Sandals, shoes, moccasins.</li> + <li><b>Xahan</b>, <i>n.</i> Prohibition, abstention.</li> + <li><b>Xahaneh</b>, <i>v.</i> To abstain from, to refrain.</li> + <li><b>Xahpota <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />h</span></b>, <i>n.</i> Body armor. (“Malla ô peto.” Varea).</li> + <li><b>Xak</b>, <i>n.</i> 1. Leaf. 2. Dye, color, tint. See p. <a href='#Page_204'>204</a>.</li> + <li><b>Xambey</b>, <i>n.</i> One who follows another.</li> + <li><b>Xambeyah</b>, <i>v.</i> To do something later than another, to follow, to come +after.</li> + <li><b>Xane</b>, <i>v.</i> To strip, to uncover.</li> + <li><b>Xaquere</b>, <i>adv.</i> But thus; see <a href="#xa"><i>Xa</i></a>.</li> + <li><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_222" id="Page_222">[222]</a></span><b><span class="nowrap">Xavi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a.</span></b> See <a name="corr42" id="corr42"></a><ins class="correction" title="Xa should be italicized"><a href="#xa">Xa</a>.</ins></li> + <li><b>Xax.</b> Particle of affirmation, an intensive.</li> + <li><b>Xhayil</b>, <i>n.</i> A married woman, a wife. From <i>hay</i>, with the fem. +prefix—“the woman of the house.”</li> + <li><b>Xim</b>, <i>v.</i> To tie, to bind onesself; to assume.</li> + <li><b>Xiquin</b>, <i>n.</i> Ears.</li> + <li><b>Xit</b>, <i>n.</i> The jade, the green stone (<i>piedra verde como torquesa.</i> +Varea).</li> + <li><b>Xivae</b>, <i>n.</i> A conch shell used as a horn.</li> + <li><b>Xmier</b>, <i>adv.</i> Already, formerly; <i>xmierok</i>, before, previously.</li> + <li><b>Xocon</b>, <i>n.</i> The left hand; <i>chu xocon</i>, on the left.</li> + <li><b>Xoh</b>, <i>pron.</i> We.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap">Xo<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span></b>, <b><span class="nowrap">Xo<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oh</span></b>, <i>v.</i> To complain against one.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap">Xo<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />h</span></b>, <i>n.</i> The owl; a malicious person.</li> + <li><b>Xul</b>, <i>n.</i> A flute.</li> + <li><b>Xule</b>, <i>v.</i> To descend, to go down.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap">Xu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" /></span></b>, <i>n.</i> A net used by the Indians of the Sierra to catch birds.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap">X<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ul</span></b>, <i>n.</i> A kind of dance. See p. <a href='#Page_45'>45</a>.</li> +</ul> + +<ul class="IX"> + <li><b>Ya</b>, <i>v.</i> To give, to present.</li> + <li><b>Yaar</b>, <i>v.</i> To spoil, waste, go to ruin.</li> + <li><b>Yac</b>, <i>n.</i> To build a house; to contract for, ask for.</li> + <li><b>Yala</b>, <i>v.</i> To surpass, become distinguished.</li> + <li><b>Yaloh</b>, <i>v.</i> To delay, to remain.</li> + <li><b>Yamalakin</b>, <i>v.</i> To give presents.</li> + <li><b>Yamanic</b>, <i>n.</i> Precious stone.</li> + <li><b>Yanabil</b>, <i>n.</i> Sickness, disease.</li> + <li><b>Ybah</b>, <i>n.</i> The ancient site of a town; the hereditary home; the cement +of a house. From <i>ybil</i>, to ripen, to mature.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap">Ye<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span></b>, <i>v.</i> To tread under foot, to detest, to hate.</li> + <li><b>Ylon</b>, <i>v.</i> To overtake one (alcanzar á otro que va adelante. <i>Varea</i>).</li> + <li><b>Yncheel</b>, <i>adv.</i> How, in what manner.</li> + <li><b>Ynup</b>, <i>n.</i> The ceiba tree.</li> + <li><b>Yoh</b>, <i>v.</i> To destroy, tear down.</li> + <li><b>Yon</b>, <i>adv.</i> Only, alone; <i>ruyon</i>, he or it alone or only. See <i>Gram.</i>, +p. <a href='#Page_32'>32</a>.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap">Yo<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span></b>, <i>v.</i> To knead dough. <i>Met.</i> to bruise.</li> + <li><b>Yuh</b>, <i>v.</i> To mix, to mingle.</li> + <li><b>Yuhuh</b>, <i>n.</i> A quarrel, a revolt.</li> + <li><b>Yuk</b>, <i>v.</i> To string out, to stretch out, like a rope. Hence</li> + <li><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_223" id="Page_223">[223]</a></span><b>Yuku</b>, <i>n.</i> A rope or cord. <i>Varea.</i></li> + <li><b>Yuyub</b>, <i>n.</i> Shouts.</li> + <li><b>Yx</b>, <i>pron.</i> You.</li> + <li><b>Yxim</b>, <i>n.</i> Maize (the grains).</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap">Y<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />o</span></b>, <i>v.</i> To pass over; to go from one place to another.</li> +</ul> + +<ul class="IX"> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a</span></b>, <i>n.</i> The hand, the arm.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />aba</span></b>, <i>v.</i> To place supports; to strengthen; to extend the hands.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ahan</span></b>, <i>v.</i> To sound, to resound; to snore, etc.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ahar</span></b>, <i>v.</i> To expend, to expand.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ahartizah</span></b>, <i>v.</i> To praise, to commend.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />alaba</span></b>, <i>v.</i> To cause misfortune, to make miserable.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />alah</span></b>, <i>adj.</i> <i>n.</i> Something clear, apparent, manifest.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />alel.</span></b> See p. <a href='#Page_37'>37</a>.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />alibal</span></b>, <i>n.</i> Seat, see, throne. <a name="corr43" id="corr43"></a><ins class="correction" title="“Asiento">“Asieñto</ins> del señor principal.” +Coto. See p. <a href='#Page_20'>20</a>.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />am</span></b>, <i>n.</i> Bridge, stairs.</li> + <li><a name="corr44" id="corr44"></a><ins class="correction" title="This entry is out of alphabetical order"><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ana</span> abah</b>,</ins> <i>n.</i> A color. See p. <a href='#Page_204'>204</a>.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />an</span></b>, <i>adj.</i> Yellow; ripe; rich.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />arama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span></b>, <i>n.</i> Nation, confederation.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />at</span></b>, <i>v.</i> To cut, in general; hence, to decide a question; to ford a +river; to die early, etc.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />avonon</span></b>, <i>n.</i> A yellow bug; from <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />an</span></i>, yellow, and <i>Vonon</i>, bug. +(Guzman).</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ax</span></b>, <i>v.</i> 1. To pass, to pass over. 2. To bring forth, to give birth +to.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span></b>, <i>n.</i> Fire.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />al</span></b>, <i>n.</i> Distinction, greatness.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ek</span></b>, <i>adj.</i> Black; dark.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ekal</span></b>, <i>n.</i> Blackness, darkness.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ekum</span></b>, <i>n.</i> The darkness of the night.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ih</span></b>, <i>n.</i> The sun; a day; a time or epoch; an occasion or opportunity; +the sign or constellation under which one is born; hence, fate or +fortune. <i><span class="nowrap">Ah<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ih</span></i>, the diviner; <i>cholol <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ih</span></i>, to cast the horoscope.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ihib</span></b>, <i>v.</i> To divine, to predict, to tell fortunes.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />il</span></b>, <i>v.</i> To prevent, impede, harass.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />inom</span></b>, <i>adj.</i> Rich. <i>n.</i> riches.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />iomah</span></b>, <i>n.</i> This appears to be a form of <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />inomah</span></i>, riches.</li> + <li><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_224" id="Page_224">[224]</a></span><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ip</span></b>, <i>v.</i> To take up in the fingers; to pinch.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />o</span></b>, <i>v.</i> To sustain, to maintain, to give to eat.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ol</span></b>, <i>n.</i> Resin from the pine.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />op</span></b>, <i>n.</i> Ear rings.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />uz<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />um</span></b>, <i>n.</i> Delicacy, something delicious to eat.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />u<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span></b>, <i>n.</i> A species of bird. See p. <a href='#Page_204'>204</a>.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />u<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />uraxon</span></b>, <i>n.</i> Green feathers; the plumage of certain birds.</li> +</ul> + +<ul class="IX"> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a</span></b>, <i>conj.</i> And, also.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />abovil</span></b>, <i>n.</i> The deity, God, divinity.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />açe</span></b>, <i>v.</i> To survive, to grow strong.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol</span></b>, <i>n.</i> A son, sons; also, generally, descendants of a common +ancestor.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />aholah</span></b>, <i>v.</i> To beget, engender.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ak</span></b>, <i>v.</i> To shoot with arrows; to stone. 2. To place onesself in +front of another.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />akaba</span></b>, <i>v.</i> To show onesself.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />al</span></b>, <i>v.</i> To tie together, to arrange in order as by tying.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />alakan</span></b>, <i>n.</i> Small bells tied together. See p. <a href='#Page_17'>17</a>.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />am</span></b>, <i>v.</i> To take, to bear away; especially to take a woman in +marriage, to marry.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />anixt</span></b>, <i>n.</i> A bird. See p. <a href='#Page_197'>197</a>.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />arunah</span></b>, <i>adv.</i> The same, again.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />axto<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" /></span></b>, <i>n.</i> The Evil Spirit.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ay</span></b>, <i>adj.</i> Pungent, bitter, strong of smell or taste.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ayh</span></b>, <i>v.</i> To sell.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />alih</span></b>, <i>v.</i> To guard.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />eche</span></b>, <i>n.</i> A forest, a woods.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />el</span></b>, <i>n.</i> A small species of parrot.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />exevach</span></b>, <i>n.</i> Substitute, one who stands for another (Anon).</li> + <li><a name="corr45" id="corr45"></a><ins class="correction" title="This entry is out of alphabetical order"><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />iyaley</span></b>,</ins> <i>adv.</i> That which exceeds; used in comparison. See <i>Gram.</i>, +p. 67.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />iy</span></b>, <i>adv.</i> Much, many.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />iyar</span></b>, <i>v.</i> To multiply, to increase.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />iz</span></b>, <i>v.</i> To finish, to conclude, to end.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oh</span></b>, <i>v.</i> To be in a place, etc. Spanish, <i>estar</i>. See <i>Gram.</i>, p. 33.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ok</span></b>, <b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />okoh</span></b>, <i>v.</i> To complain (quejarse á Dios. Varea, p. 414).</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ol</span></b>, <i>v.</i> To cut down, to send out from, to diminish, to lessen.</li> + <li><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_225" id="Page_225">[225]</a></span><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ot</span></b>, <i>v.</i> To dig a hole. <i>Met.</i> to examine verbally, to interrogate, +to cross-question.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />otoh</span></b>, <i>v.</i> 1. To engrave, to sculpture. <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />otonic</span></i>, that which is +sculptured. 2. To set in order, to arrange battalions, etc.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />okikan</span></b>, <i>n.</i> Loads of roasted maize, used as food on long journeys; +from <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />o</span></i>, “mais cocido,” and <i>kikan</i>.</li> + <li><a name="cox" id="cox"></a><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ox</span></b>, <i>v.</i> To clash; to strike hard things together, <i>ta <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oxel</span></i> +<a name="corr46" id="corr46"></a><ins class="correction" title="[t]a[t]."><i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span></i></ins> to strike fire with the flint (Varea).</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oxol</span></b>, <i>n.</i> He who dashes together hard things, as stones. See +<a href="#cox"><i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ox</span></i></a>.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oxom</span></b>, <i>n.</i> That which is dashed together, as stones. See <a href="#cox"><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ox</span></a>.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oxtun</span></b>, <i>n.</i> Fortress, stronghold.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />u</span></b>, <i>v.</i> To put well in order, to arrange.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ual</span></b>, <i>n.</i> Diamond, or other precious stone.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ubul</span></b>, <i>n.</i> Garlands (Br.). From <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />u</span></i>, to arrange in order, to put +in place.</li> + <li><a name="cuil" id="cuil"></a><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />uil</span></b>, <i>v.</i> To throw down to the ground, to lie or roll upon the +ground; to annoy, harass.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ul</span></b>, <i>n.</i> All kinds of clothing; vesture, etc.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ul</span></b>, <i>v.</i> To receive; to meet, to go out to meet one; to visit one; to +converse, to reply to, to be beaten.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ule</span></b>, <i>v.</i> To marry.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ulvachih</span></b>, <i>v.</i> To meet face to face. From <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ul</span></i>, to receive, to +meet, and <i>vach</i>, face.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ut</span></b>, <i>v.</i> To show, to make manifest.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />utuh</span></b>, <i>v.</i> To ask, to inquire.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ux</span></b>, <i>n.</i> The heart; the mind.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ha</span></b>, <i>n.</i> The bow; the arrow.</li> + <li style="margin-left: 0em; text-indent: 0em;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="margin-left: 0" summary="cha, chabeh"> + <tr> + <td><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ha</span></b>,<br /><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />habeh</span></b>,</td> <td><span class="double">}</span></td> <td><i>v.</i> To speak to talk, to say.</td> + </tr> + </table></li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />habak</span></b>, <i>n.</i> Mud.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hac</span></b>, <i>n.</i> A pestilence.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hac</span></b>, <i>v.</i> To conquer, to overpower.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hac</span></b>, <i>n.</i> Flesh, meat.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hacatah</span></b>, <i>v.</i> To sit down, to rest seated; to reduce in value, to +depreciate.</li> + <li><a name="corr47" id="corr47"></a><ins class="correction" title="This entry is out of alphabetical order"><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hacbal</span></b>,</ins> <i>n.</i> A victory, a conquest.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hacat</span></b>, <i>n.</i> A seat, a throne. See p. <a href='#Page_20'>20</a>.</li> + <li><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_226" id="Page_226">[226]</a></span><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />haka</span></b>, <i>prep.</i> From the other side; <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />haka</span> palouh</i>, from beyond the +sea; <i>he ah <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />haka</span> ya</i>, those from the other side of the water, a term +applied to the Spaniards (Varea).</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hakap</span></b>, <i>n.</i> and <i>adv.</i> The half, partly.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hamey</span></b>, <i>n.</i> Cane, staff; a badge of office; <i><span class="nowrap">ah<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hamey</span></i>, the +alguacil or constable.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />haoh</span></b>, <i>n.</i> See p. <a href='#Page_55'>55</a>.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hay</span></b>, <i>v.</i> To injure, destroy. 2. To fasten, solder.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hi</span></b>, <i>v.</i> To disquiet, to be noisy.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hih</span></b>, <i>v.</i> To suffer, to bear.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hipil</span></b>, <i>n.</i> The youngest son.</li> + <li><a name="chique" id="chique"></a><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hique</span></b>, <i>v.</i> To appoint, to resolve upon.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />h</span></b>, <i>n.</i> Iron, copper. See p. <a href='#Page_19'>19</a>.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hob</span></b>, <i>n.</i> Division, class, order, battalion.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hocoba</span></b>, <i>v.</i> To seat a person.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hol</span></b>, <i>v.</i> To skin, to bark, to clean; to acquit, to rid of.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />holih</span></b>, <i>v.</i> To value, to put a value upon; hence, <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />holih</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ih</span></i>, +to value days, to decide which are lucky and which unlucky; <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hol</span> +<span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ih</span></i>, an astrological calendar. See p. <a href='#Page_31'>31</a>.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hub</span></b>, <i>v.</i> To ravage, as a pestilence.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />huc</span></b>, <i>n.</i> The arm, or arms.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hutin</span></b>, <i>adj.</i> Small, little, young.</li> +</ul> + +<ul class="IX"> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ak</span></b>, <i>v.</i> To work in clay; to make bricks or tiles; to make, to +create. 2. To joke; to make fun. 3. To lie, to deceive.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />akol</span></b>, <i>n.</i> The maker, the creator.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />alam.</span></b> See p. <a href='#Page_32'>32</a>.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />anin</span></b>, <i>v.</i> To sound loudly, to make a great noise, of people, +trumpets, dancing, etc.</li> + <li><a name="capal" id="capal"></a><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />apal</span></b>, <i>n.</i> An enclosure; that which is shut up or enclosed; from +<i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ape</span></i>, neuter of <i>tin <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />apih</span></i>, shut up or enclose.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />apibal</span></b>, <i>n.</i> The place where something is enclosed or shut up. See +<a href="#capal"><i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />apal</span></i></a>, and p. <a href='#Page_197'>197</a>.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />i</span></b>, <i>n.</i> A dog.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ibah</span></b>, <i>v.</i> To paint; to write. See p. <a href='#Page_16'>16</a>.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ima</span></b>, <i>n.</i> A sharp-pointed tool; <i>v.</i> to dig with one (Ximenes).</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />iquin</span></b>, <i>n.</i> A bird, the generic word.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />iz</span></b>, <i>v.</i> To sew, to puncture.</li> + <li><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_227" id="Page_227">[227]</a></span><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />i<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ot</span></b>, <i>v.</i> To hiss (of a snake), to squeak (of a rat), to whistle +(of a bird), etc.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />um.</span></b> 1. The breasts, the mammae. 2. A skin, a hide.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />umah</span></b>, <i>v.</i> To suck, to take the breast; to reduce a swelling; to +lessen, to diminish.</li> + <li><b><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />utuh</span></b>, <i>n.</i> A flower, especially of the maize.</li> +</ul> + +<ul class="IX"> + <li><b>Tzak</b>, <i>v.</i> To throw, to fall; to tangle, to trip; to hinder; to go from +the road; to drop a subject, a lawsuit, etc.; to pardon; to excuse +onesself; to cease, to die.</li> + <li><b>Tzal</b>, <i>v.</i> To make war, to give battle.</li> + <li><b>Tzam</b>, <i>n.</i> 1. Nose, beak, snout, of man, bird or brute. 2. The point or +end of anything.</li> + <li><b>Tzap</b>, <i>n.</i> Fault, evil, misdemeanor. See p. <a href='#Page_28'>28</a>.</li> + <li><b>Tzara</b>, <i>n.</i> A snare to take birds, etc.</li> + <li><b>Tzayh</b>, <i>v.</i> To do an injury without cause.</li> + <li><b>Tzatz</b>, <i>adv.</i> Much, many, thickly, densely.</li> + <li><b>Tzih</b>, <i>n.</i> A word, a speech.</li> + <li><b>Tzihoxic</b>, <i>n.</i> That which has been said; a passive verbal from <i>tzih</i>.</li> + <li><b>Tzimay</b>, <i>n.</i> A cup, or drinking vessel.</li> + <li><a name="tzolih" id="tzolih"></a><b>Tzolih</b>, <i>v.</i> To turn; to return; to turn one’s thoughts upon, etc.</li> + <li><b>Tzuy</b>, <i>n.</i> A large calabash or gourd.</li> + <li><b>Tzuk</b>, <i>v.</i> To sustain, to maintain.</li> + <li><b>Tzul</b>, <i>v.</i> To intertwine, to embrace, to sleep together.</li> +</ul> + +<p><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_228" id="Page_228">[228]</a></span></p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> + +<p><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_229" id="Page_229">[229]</a></span></p> + +<h2 class="chapterhead"><a name="INDEX_OF_NATIVE_PROPER_NAMES" id="INDEX_OF_NATIVE_PROPER_NAMES"></a>INDEX OF NATIVE PROPER NAMES.</h2> + +<hr class="line" /> + +<p class="titlepage">(<i>The numbers refer to the sections.</i>)</p> + + +<ul class="IX"> + <li>Acalan, <a href='#text182'>182</a>.</li> + <li>Açacot, <a href='#text81'>81</a>.</li> + <li>Ahachel, <a href='#text41'>41</a>.</li> + <li>Akahal, <a href='#text10'>10</a>, <a href='#text20'>20</a>, <a href='#text41'>41</a>, <a href='#text63'>63</a>, <a href='#text64'>64</a>, <a href='#text73'>73</a>, <a href='#text94'>94</a>, <a href='#text97'>97</a>, <a href='#text99'>99</a>, <a href='#text100'>100</a>, <a href='#text110'>110</a>, <a href='#text111'>111</a>.</li> + <li>Ahalquil, <a href='#text77'>77</a>.</li> + <li>Ah cic <span class="nowrap">ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span> <a href='#text20'>20</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap">Ahci<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahuh,</span> <a href='#text95'>95</a>.</li> + <li>Ah Itza, <a href='#text80'>80</a>.</li> + <li>Ah mak, <a href='#text112'>112</a>. <i>d.</i> <a href='#text132'>132</a>.</li> + <li>Ah max nay, <a href='#text105'>105</a>, <a name="corr48" id="corr48"></a><ins class="correction" title="106."><a href='#text106'>106</a>,</ins></li> + <li>Ah pak, <a href='#text3'>3</a>.</li> + <li>Ahquehay, <a href='#text3'>3</a>, <a href='#text27'>27</a>, <a href='#text29'>29</a>, <a href='#text40'>40</a>.</li> + <li>Ah tuncic Tihax, <a href='#text163'>163</a>.</li> + <li>Ah tucuru, <a href='#text10'>10</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap">Ah<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ibihay,</span> <a href='#text107'>107</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap">Ah<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />humilahay,</span> <a href='#text10'>10</a>, <a href='#text77'>77</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap">Ah<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />iquinahay,</span> <a href='#text38'>38</a>, <a href='#text53'>53</a>, <a href='#text54'>54</a>, <a href='#text137'>137</a>.</li> + <li>Ah <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />alam</span> Hunahpu, <a href='#text135'>135</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap">Ah<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />uruya,</span> <a href='#text77'>77</a>.</li> + <li>Alinam, <a href='#text66'>66</a>.</li> + <li>Atacat, see <a href="#Panatacat">Panatacat</a></li> +</ul> + +<ul class="IX"> + <li>Bacah Pokoh, <a href='#text10'>10</a>, <a href='#text21'>21</a>, <a href='#text36'>36</a>.</li> + <li>Bacah Xahil, <a href='#text10'>10</a>, <a href='#text21'>21</a>, <a href='#text36'>36</a>.</li> + <li>1. Balam, <a href='#text119'>119</a>, <a href='#text125'>125</a>. <i>d.</i> <a href='#text130'>130</a>, <a href='#text131'>131</a>.</li> + <li>2. Balam, <a href='#text134'>134</a>, <a href='#text135'>135</a>, <a href='#text136'>136</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap">Ba<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahola,</span> <a href='#text3'>3</a>, <a href='#text10'>10</a>, <a href='#text29'>29</a>, <a href='#text39'>39</a>, <a href='#text40'>40</a>, <a href='#text45'>45</a>, <a href='#text48'>48</a>, <a href='#text50'>50</a>, <a href='#text136'>136</a>.</li> + <li>Beleh chi Hunahpu, <a href='#text23'>23</a>.</li> + <li>Beleh chi <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span> <a href='#text23'>23</a>.</li> + <li>Beleh cuihay, <a href='#text77'>77</a>.</li> + <li>Belehe Toh, <a href='#text11'>11</a>.</li> + <li>Belehe <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ih,</span> <a href='#text98'>98</a>.</li> + <li>Belehe <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />at,</span> <a href='#text115'>115</a>, <a href='#text136'>136</a>, <a href='#text140'>140</a>, <a href='#text159'>159</a>, <a href='#text166'>166</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap">Bo<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />oiya,</span> <a href='#text73'>73</a>.</li> + <li>Bubatzo, <a href='#text53'>53</a>.</li> + <li>Bulbux ya, <a href='#text77'>77</a>, <a href='#text161'>161</a>.</li> +</ul> + +<ul class="IX"> + <li>Cablahuh <span class="nowrap">Ba<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />,</span> <a href='#text88'>88</a>.</li> + <li>Cablahuh Tihax, <a href='#text88'>88</a>, <a href='#text91'>91</a>, <a href='#text116'>116</a>.</li> + <li>Cahi bak, <a href='#text21'>21</a>.</li> + <li>Cahi Imox, <a href='#text136'>136</a>, <a href='#text140'>140</a>, <a href='#text159'>159</a>, <a href='#text172'>172</a>.</li> + <li>Cakay, see <a href="#Cakhay">Cakhay</a>.</li> + <li>Cakchiquel, <a href='#text3'>3</a>, <a href='#text10'>10</a>, <a href='#text16'>16</a>, <a href='#text20'>20</a>, <a href='#text27'>27</a>, <a href='#text41'>41</a>, <a href='#text54'>54</a>, <a href='#text84'>84</a>, <a href='#text89'>89</a>, etc.</li> + <li><a name="Cakhay" id="Cakhay"></a>Cakhay, <a href='#text28'>28</a>, <a href='#text125'>125</a>.</li> + <li>Cakix, <a href='#text20'>20</a>.</li> + <li>Cakixahay, <a href='#text34'>34</a>.</li> + <li>Cakolahay, <a href='#text126'>126</a>.</li> + <li>Camachal, <a href='#text81'>81</a>.</li> + <li>Canalakam, <a href='#text45'>45</a>.</li> + <li>Caok, <a href='#text88'>88</a>, <a href='#text98'>98</a>, etc.</li> + <li>Carchah, <a href='#text25'>25</a>.</li> + <li>Cata Noh, <a href='#text162'>162</a>.</li> + <li>Cauke, <a href='#text49'>49</a>. See <a href="#Cavek"><i>Cavek</i></a>.</li> + <li><a name="Cavek" id="Cavek"></a>Cavek, <a href='#text3'>3</a>, <a href='#text29'>29</a>, <a href='#text39'>39</a>, <a href='#text40'>40</a>, <a href='#text84'>84</a>, <a href='#text100'>100</a>.</li> + <li>Cavek Paoh, <a href='#text29'>29</a>.</li> + <li>Cay batz, <a href='#text40'>40</a>, <a href='#text47'>47</a>, <a href='#text50'>50</a>, <a href='#text51'>51</a>, <a href='#text52'>52</a>, <a href='#text53'>53</a>, <a href='#text54'>54</a>.</li> + <li>Cay Hunahpu, <a href='#text100'>100</a>, <a href='#text103'>103</a>.</li> + <li>Cay Noh, <a href='#text46'>46</a>, <a href='#text47'>47</a>, <a href='#text50'>50</a>, <a href='#text51'>51</a>, <a href='#text52'>52</a>, <a href='#text53'>53</a>, <a href='#text54'>54</a>, <a href='#text66'>66</a>.</li> + <li>Cibakihay, <a href='#text3'>3</a>, <a href='#text10'>10</a>, <a href='#text29'>29</a>, <a href='#text39'>39</a>, <a href='#text40'>40</a>, <a href='#text48'>48</a>, <a href='#text88'>88</a>.</li> + <li>Cinahi toh, <a href='#text101'>101</a>, <a href='#text102'>102</a>, <a href='#text105'>105</a>.</li> + <li>Cinpual Taxuch, <a href='#text25'>25</a>.</li> + <li>Citan Tihax Cablah, <a href='#text75'>75</a>.</li> + <li><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_230" id="Page_230">[230]</a></span>Citan <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />atu,</span> <a href='#text60'>60</a>, <a href='#text65'>65</a>, <a href='#text66'>66</a>, <a href='#text75'>75</a>.</li> + <li>Coha, <a href='#text77'>77</a>.</li> + <li>Cotanoh, <a href='#text162'>162</a>.</li> + <li>Cucu huyu, <a href='#text27'>27</a>.</li> + <li>Culhuacan, <a href='#text117'>117</a>.</li> + <li>Cumatz, <a href='#text5'>5</a>, <a href='#text10'>10</a>, <a href='#text77'>77</a>.</li> + <li>Cupilcat, <a href='#text45'>45</a>, <a href='#text61'>61</a>, <a href='#text62'>62</a>.</li> + <li>Cutam chah, <a href='#text20'>20</a>.</li> + <li>Cuzcatan, <a href='#text150'>150</a>, <a href='#text151'>151</a>.</li> + <li>Cuztum chixnal, <a href='#text49'>49</a>.</li> +</ul> + +<ul class="IX"> + <li>Çactecauh, <a href='#text2'>2</a>, etc. <i>d.</i> <a href='#text30'>30</a>, <a href='#text48'>48</a>.</li> + <li>Çak bim, <a href='#text26'>26</a>, <a href='#text112'>112</a>.</li> + <li>Çakcab, <a href='#text63'>63</a>, <a href='#text107'>107</a>.</li> + <li>Çaki huyu, <a href='#text20'>20</a>.</li> + <li>Çaki teuh, <a href='#text20'>20</a>, <a href='#text25'>25</a>.</li> + <li>Çaki <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oxol,</span> <a href='#text21'>21</a>, <a href='#text22'>22</a>. See p. <a href='#Page_42'>42</a>.</li> + <li>Çaki <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />unun,</span> <a href='#text31'>31</a>.</li> + <li>Çaki <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />uva,</span> <a href='#text20'>20</a>, <a href='#text25'>25</a>.</li> + <li><a name="caktzuy" id="caktzuy"></a>Çaktzuy, <a href='#text26'>26</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap">Çak<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />uch</span> abah, <a href='#text85'>85</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap">Çali<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol,</span> <a href='#text63'>63</a>.</li> + <li>Çamaneh, <a href='#text41'>41</a>.</li> + <li>Çeçic Inup, <a href='#text33'>33</a>.</li> + <li>Çimahi hay, <a href='#text44'>44</a>, <a href='#text63'>63</a>.</li> + <li>Çinanihay, <a href='#text39'>39</a>.</li> + <li>Çoroch, <a href='#text97'>97</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap">Ço<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />il,</span> <a href='#text10'>10</a>, <a href='#text20'>20</a>, <a href='#text34'>34</a>, <a href='#text41'>41</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap">Ço<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />il</span> Tukuche, <a href='#text36'>36</a>, <a href='#text54'>54</a>, <a href='#text72'>72</a>, <a href='#text74'>74</a>, <a href='#text82'>82</a>, <a href='#text91'>91</a>.</li> + <li>Çubinal, <a href='#text25'>25</a>.</li> + <li>Çunpancu, <a href='#text23'>23</a>.</li> + <li>Çuquitan, <a href='#text23'>23</a>.</li> + <li>Çutum, <a href='#text77'>77</a>.</li> + <li>Çuyva, <a href='#text12'>12</a>, <a href='#text20'>20</a>. See note, p. <a href='#note20'>199</a>.</li> +</ul> + +<ul class="IX"> + <li>Chacachil, <a href='#text25'>25</a>.</li> + <li style="margin-left: 0em; text-indent: 0em;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="margin-left: 0;" summary="paired words"> + <tr> + <td>Chakiya,<br />Chaquihya,</td> <td><span class="double">}</span></td> <td>84.</td> + </tr> + </table></li> + <li>Chay Abah, <a href='#text5'>5</a>, <a href='#text44'>44</a>, <a href='#text46'>46</a>.</li> + <li>Chee tzulu, <a href='#text37'>37</a>.</li> + <li>Chetecauh, <a href='#text38'>38</a>.</li> + <li>Chiabak, <a href='#text21'>21</a>.</li> + <li>Chiavar, <a href='#text63'>63</a>, <a href='#text67'>67</a>, <a href='#text68'>68</a>, <a href='#text71'>71</a>, <a href='#text75'>75</a>, <a href='#text83'>83</a>, <a href='#text84'>84</a>, <a href='#text104'>104</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap">Chicakyu<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span> <a href='#text77'>77</a>.</li> + <li>Chicbal, <a href='#text173'>173</a>.</li> + <li>Chichah, <a href='#text77'>77</a>.</li> + <li>Chiholom, <a href='#text64'>64</a>, <a href='#text73'>73</a>, <a href='#text77'>77</a>.</li> + <li>Chinta Queh, <a href='#text162'>162</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap">Chita<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ah,</span> <a href='#text20'>20</a>.</li> + <li>Chiixot, <a href='#text160'>160-1</a>.</li> + <li>Chitulul, <a href='#text38'>38</a>, <a href='#text140'>140</a>.</li> + <li>Chituy, <a href='#text80'>80</a>.</li> + <li>Chiyol, <a href='#text21'>21</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap">Chi<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span> <a href='#text178'>178</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap">Chi<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />alibal,</span> <a href='#text34'>34</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap">Chi<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ohom,</span> <a href='#text46'>46</a>, <a href='#text63'>63</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap">Chi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ib,</span> <a href='#text99'>99</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap">Chi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />otuk,</span> <a href='#text77'>77</a>.</li> + <li>Choloma, <a href='#text169'>169</a>.</li> + <li>Chopena Queh, <a href='#text88'>88</a>.</li> + <li>Chopena Tohin, <a href='#text88'>88</a>.</li> + <li>Chopena <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />iquin</span> <span class="nowrap">u<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />a,</span> <a href='#text88'>88</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap">Chucuyba<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />in,</span> <a href='#text102'>102</a>.</li> + <li>Chuluc, <a href='#text82'>82</a>, <a href='#text84'>84</a>, <a href='#text85'>85</a>.</li> + <li>Chuvy <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />iquinu,</span> <a href='#text173'>173</a>.</li> + <li>Chuvy <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ut,</span> <a href='#text135'>135</a>.</li> +</ul> + +<ul class="IX"> + <li>Daqui, <a href='#text3'>3</a>.</li> + <li>Deoçacvancu, <a href='#text17'>17</a>.</li> +</ul> + +<ul class="IX"> + <li>Eventec, <a href='#text81'>81</a>.</li> +</ul> + +<ul class="IX"> + <li>Halic, <a href='#text77'>77</a>.</li> + <li>Herech, <a href='#text81'>81</a>.</li> + <li>Holom, <a href='#text85'>85</a>, <a href='#text94'>94</a>, <a href='#text97'>97</a>, <a href='#text159'>159</a>.</li> + <li>Hukahic, <a href='#text97'>97</a>.</li> + <li>Hultucur, <a href='#text77'>77</a>.</li> + <li>Hun ah pu, <a href='#text21'>21</a>, <a href='#text174'>174</a>.</li> + <li>Hunahpu <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ian,</span> <a href='#text95'>95</a>.</li> + <li><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_231" id="Page_231">[231]</a></span>Hun <span class="nowrap">çun<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />un</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />anel,</span> <a href='#text53'>53</a>.</li> + <li>Hun Tihax, <a href='#text11'>11</a>.</li> + <li>Hun toh, <a href='#text73'>73-76</a>, <a href='#text82'>82-86</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap">Huny<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />,</span> <a href='#text115'>115</a>. <i>d.</i> <a href='#text129'>129</a>.</li> + <li>Hun tzuy, <a href='#text26'>26</a>.</li> + <li>Huvarah bix, <a href='#text97'>97</a>.</li> +</ul> + +<ul class="IX"> + <li>Yaqui, <a href='#text110'>110</a>, <a href='#text117'>117</a>, <a href='#text118'>118</a>.</li> + <li>Yaxon tuh, <a href='#text126'>126</a>.</li> + <li>Yaxon <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ul,</span> <a href='#text104'>104</a>.</li> + <li>Icxiuh, <a href='#text53'>53</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap">Ikoma<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span> <a href='#text3'>3</a>, <a href='#text34'>34</a>, <a href='#text62'>62</a>.</li> + <li>Imox, <a href='#text115'>115</a>.</li> + <li>Yut <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />um</span> Calla, <a href='#text63'>63</a>.</li> + <li>Iximche, <a href='#text84'>84</a>, <a href='#text85'>85</a>, <a href='#text89'>89</a>, <a href='#text93'>93</a>, <a href='#text122'>122</a>, <a href='#text137'>137</a>, <a href='#text148'>148</a>.</li> + <li>Izmachi, <a href='#text70'>70</a>.</li> + <li>Iztayul, <a href='#text89'>89</a>, <a href='#text93'>93</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap">I<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ich,</span> <a href='#text119'>119</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap">Y<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hal</span> Amullac, <a href='#text73'>73</a>, <a href='#text94'>94</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap">Y<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hal</span> can chi cum cuvat, <a href='#text63'>63</a>, <a href='#text64'>64</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap">Y<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />iyul,</span> <a href='#text85'>85</a>.</li> +</ul> + +<ul class="IX"> + <li>Lacantun, <a name="corr49" id="corr49"></a><ins class="correction" title="184"><a href='#text184'>194</a>.</ins></li> + <li>Lahub, <a href='#text77'>77</a>.</li> + <li>Lahuh Ah, <a href='#text87'>87</a>.</li> + <li>Lahuh Noh, <a href='#text117'>117</a>.</li> + <li>Lahuh Tihax, <a href='#text115'>115</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap">Lama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />i,</span> <a href='#text10'>10</a>, <a href='#text77'>77</a>.</li> + <li>Loch, <a href='#text3'>3</a>, <a href='#text27'>27</a>, <a href='#text28'>28</a>.</li> + <li>Loxpin, <a href='#text23'>23</a>.</li> + <li>Lakan Abah, <a href='#text140'>140</a>.</li> +</ul> + +<ul class="IX"> + <li>Maku <span class="nowrap">X<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />uhay,</span> <a href='#text115'>115</a>.</li> + <li>Mayahauh, <a href='#text53'>53</a>.</li> + <li>Meahauh, <a href='#text17'>17</a>, <a href='#text20'>20</a>.</li> + <li>Meme, <a href='#text20'>20</a>, <a href='#text24'>24</a>.</li> + <li>Mevac, <a href='#text25'>25</a>.</li> + <li>Mexico, <a href='#text117'>117</a>.</li> + <li>Mixcu, <a href='#text85'>85</a>, <a href='#text109'>109</a>.</li> + <li>Modec çumatzin, <a href='#text117'>117</a>.</li> + <li>Moinal, <a href='#text25'>25</a>.</li> + <li>Molinxot, <a href='#text63'>63</a>.</li> + <li>Molobak, <a href='#text77'>77</a>.</li> + <li>Molomic abah, <a href='#text77'>77</a>.</li> + <li>Motzoray, <a href='#text45'>45</a>.</li> + <li>Mukchee, <a href='#text26'>26</a>, <a href='#text124'>124</a>.</li> +</ul> + +<ul class="IX"> + <li>Nacuxcux, <a href='#text77'>77</a>.</li> + <li>Nacxit, <a href='#text25'>25</a>.</li> + <li>Nahtihay, <a href='#text107'>107</a>.</li> + <li>Nimahay, <a href='#text39'>39</a>.</li> + <li>Nima Ahin, <a href='#text88'>88</a>.</li> + <li>Nimabah, <a href='#text173'>173</a>.</li> + <li>Nima çahay, <a href='#text95'>95</a>.</li> + <li>Nimapan Xeacauh, <a href='#text82'>82</a>.</li> + <li>Nimçakah pec, <a href='#text63'>63</a>, <a href='#text64'>64</a>.</li> + <li>Nimpokon, <a href='#text26'>26</a>, <a href='#text77'>77</a>.</li> + <li>Nimxor, <a href='#text25'>25</a>.</li> + <li>Noh, <a href='#text115'>115</a>.</li> + <li>Nonovalcat, <a href='#text19'>19</a>, <a href='#text20'>20</a>.</li> +</ul> + +<ul class="IX"> + <li>Orbal tzam, <a href='#text25'>25</a>.</li> + <li>Oronic, <a href='#text28'>28</a>.</li> + <li>Oxlahuh <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />u,</span> <a href='#text88'>88</a>, <a href='#text91'>91</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap">O<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hal,</span> <a href='#text63'>63</a>, <a href='#text64'>64</a>.</li> +</ul> + +<ul class="IX"> + <li>Paanuyaal che, <a href='#text164'>164</a>.</li> + <li>Pa çaki uleuh, <a href='#text91'>91</a>.</li> + <li>Pacaval, <a href='#text139'>139</a>.</li> + <li>Pacavek, <a href='#text39'>39</a>, <a href='#text44'>44</a>.</li> + <li>Pa chalic bak, <a href='#text63'>63</a>.</li> + <li>Paçibakul, <a href='#text39'>39</a>, <a href='#text44'>44</a>.</li> + <li>Pampetak, <a href='#text81'>81</a>.</li> + <li>Paneh, <a href='#text64'>64</a>, <a href='#text77'>77</a>.</li> + <li><a name="Panatacat" id="Panatacat"></a>Panatacat, <a href='#text88'>88</a>, <a href='#text128'>128</a>, <a href='#text149'>149</a>, <a href='#text150'>150</a>.</li> + <li>Pan <span class="nowrap">ca<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span> <a href='#text85'>85</a>.</li> + <li>Pan chee, <a href='#text63'>63</a>.</li> + <li>Pan choy, <a href='#text164'>164</a>, <a href='#text174'>174</a>.</li> + <li>Pangan, <a href='#text165'>165</a>, <a href='#text183'>183</a>, <a href='#text185'>185</a>.</li> + <li>Pantzic, <a href='#text20'>20</a>, <a href='#text39'>39</a>, <a href='#text44'>44</a>, <a href='#text46'>46</a>, <a href='#text63'>63</a>.</li> + <li><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_232" id="Page_232">[232]</a></span>Paraxon, <a href='#text20'>20</a>, <a href='#text39'>39</a>, <a href='#text44'>44</a>, <a href='#text46'>46</a>, <a href='#text47'>47</a>, <a href='#text63'>63</a>.</li> + <li>Paraxtun ya, <a href='#text98'>98</a>.</li> + <li>Paruyaal chay, <a href='#text164'>164</a>.</li> + <li>Paxaya, <a href='#text173'>173</a>.</li> + <li>Paxil, <a href='#text5'>5</a>.</li> + <li>Payanchocol, <a href='#text38'>38</a>.</li> + <li>Pec pa ru pec, <a href='#text53'>53</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap">Pe<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />e,</span> <a href='#text63'>63</a>.</li> + <li>Pokom, <a href='#text26'>26</a>, <a href='#text85'>85</a>.</li> + <li>Popo abah, <a href='#text21'>21</a>.</li> + <li>Popoya, <a href='#text85'>85</a>.</li> + <li>Puçiahauh, <a href='#text53'>53</a>.</li> + <li>Pu hu hil, <a href='#text39'>39</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap">Pul<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />h,</span> <a href='#text38'>38</a>.</li> + <li>Puzbal, <a href='#text63'>63</a>.</li> +</ul> + +<ul class="IX"> + <li>Queh chun, <a href='#text173'>173</a>.</li> + <li>Quehil, <a href='#text39'>39</a>, <a href='#text44'>44</a>.</li> + <li>Quehnay, <a href='#text80'>80</a>.</li> + <li>Quixavit Caoh, <a href='#text172'>172</a>.</li> +</ul> + +<ul class="IX"> + <li>Rabinal, <a href='#text10'>10</a>, <a href='#text41'>41</a>.</li> + <li>Rahamun, <a href='#text73'>73</a>.</li> + <li>Ralabal Yg, <a href='#text97'>97</a>.</li> + <li>Rapak, <a href='#text77'>77</a>.</li> + <li>Ratzamut, <a href='#text83'>83</a>, <a href='#text84'>84</a>, etc.</li> + <li>Raxakan, <a href='#text91'>91</a>, <a href='#text102'>102</a>, <a href='#text103'>103</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap">Rax<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hi<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />h,</span> <a href='#text26'>26</a>.</li> + <li>Rokel <span class="nowrap">ba<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />in,</span> <a href='#text93'>93</a>.</li> +</ul> + +<ul class="IX"> + <li>Tacna, <a href='#text20'>20</a>, <a href='#text24'>24</a>.</li> + <li>Tameltoh, <a href='#text97'>97</a>.</li> + <li>Tamyac, <a href='#text85'>85</a>.</li> + <li>Ttah ttah Akbal, <a href='#text66'>66</a>.</li> + <li>Tata yac, <a href='#text80'>80</a>.</li> + <li>Tapcu Oloman, <a href='#text17'>17</a>, <a href='#text20'>20</a>.</li> + <li>Ta <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />unun,</span> <a href='#text81'>81</a>.</li> + <li>Tecpalan, <a href='#text23'>23</a>.</li> + <li>Tecpan, <a href='#text28'>28</a>.</li> + <li>Telom, <a href='#text3'>3</a>, <a href='#text21'>21</a>.</li> + <li>Te pac uman, <a href='#text20'>20</a>.</li> + <li>Te pe pul, <a href='#text89'>89</a>, <a href='#text93'>93</a>, <a href='#text138'>138</a>.</li> + <li>Tepeuh, <a href='#text49'>49</a>, <a href='#text51'>51</a>, <a href='#text52'>52</a>, <a href='#text53'>53</a>, <a href='#text62'>62</a>.</li> + <li>Tepuztan, <a href='#text23'>23</a>.</li> + <li>Teyocuman, <a href='#text31'>31</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap">Tiba<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oy,</span> <a href='#text91'>91</a>, <a href='#text102'>102</a>, <a href='#text103'>103</a>.</li> + <li>Tihax cablah, <a href='#text75'>75</a>.</li> + <li>Tohin, <a href='#text135'>135</a>.</li> + <li>Tohohil, <a href='#text20'>20</a>, <a href='#text41'>41</a>, <a href='#text90'>90</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap">Tol<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />om,</span> <a href='#text35'>35</a>, <a href='#text37'>37</a>.</li> + <li>Totomay, <a href='#text3'>3</a>.</li> + <li>Totunay, <a href='#text29'>29</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap">Tox<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />omine,</span> <a href='#text77'>77</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap">Tox<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />om</span> Noh, <a href='#text100'>100</a>, <a href='#text103'>103</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap">To<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ohil,</span> <a href='#text20'>20</a>.</li> + <li>Tucuru cakixala, <a href='#text88'>88</a>.</li> + <li>Tuh, <a href='#text126'>126</a>.</li> + <li>Tuhalahay, <a href='#text10'>10</a>, <a href='#text77'>77</a>.</li> + <li>Tukuchee, <a href='#text10'>10</a>, <a href='#text20'>20</a>, <a href='#text41'>41</a>, <a href='#text43'>43</a>, <a href='#text99'>99</a>, <a href='#text100'>100</a>, <a href='#text103'>103</a>.</li> + <li>Tulan, <a href='#text2'>2</a>, <a href='#text4'>4</a>, <a href='#text10'>10</a>, <a href='#text16'>16</a>, <a href='#text47'>47</a>, <a href='#text82'>82</a>.</li> + <li>Tunacotzih, <a href='#text28'>28</a>.</li> +</ul> + +<ul class="IX"> + <li>Utzupa, <a href='#text63'>63</a>.</li> + <li>Uxa, <a href='#text77'>77</a>.</li> +</ul> + +<ul class="IX"> + <li>Vail <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol,</span> <a href='#text97'>97</a>.</li> + <li>Vakaki Ahmak, <a href='#text115'>115</a>, <a href='#text127'>127</a>.</li> + <li>Valval Xucxuc, <a href='#text17'>17</a>, <a href='#text20'>20</a>.</li> + <li>Vayça, <a href='#text41'>41</a>.</li> + <li>Vitaum, <a href='#text77'>77</a>.</li> + <li>Voo caok, <a href='#text98'>98</a>, <a href='#text107'>107</a>, <a href='#text110'>110</a>.</li> + <li>Voo queh, <a href='#text114'>114</a>.</li> + <li>Vooymax, <a href='#text93'>93</a>.</li> + <li>Vuchabahay, <a href='#text10'>10</a>, <a href='#text77'>77</a>.</li> + <li>Vukubatz, <a href='#text73'>73-76</a>, <a href='#text82'>82</a>.</li> + <li>Vukuçivan, <a href='#text77'>77</a>, <a href='#text97'>97</a>.</li> +</ul> + +<ul class="IX"> + <li>Xahila, <a href='#text2'>2</a>, <a href='#text43'>43</a>, <a href='#text61'>61</a>, <a href='#text81'>81</a>.</li> + <li>Xavi Ahin, <a href='#text88'>88</a>.</li> + <li>Xeabah, <a href='#text85'>85</a>.</li> + <li><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_233" id="Page_233">[233]</a></span>Xeamatal chii, <a href='#text23'>23</a>.</li> + <li>Xe Caka Abah, <a href='#text139'>139</a>.</li> + <li>Xeçuh, <a href='#text23'>23</a>.</li> + <li>Xechibohoy, <a href='#text84'>84</a>.</li> + <li>Xechipeken, <a href='#text101'>101</a>, <a href='#text102'>102</a>.</li> + <li>Xechituh, <a href='#text84'>84</a>.</li> + <li>Xe la hub, <a href='#text145'>145</a>, <a href='#text179'>179</a>.</li> + <li>Xepakay, <a href='#text64'>64</a>.</li> + <li>Xepahca, <a href='#text112'>112</a>.</li> + <li>Xepau, <a href='#text157'>157</a>, <a href='#text158'>158</a>.</li> + <li>Xe pit, <a href='#text144'>144</a>.</li> + <li>Xepoyom, <a href='#text41'>41</a>, <a href='#text138'>138</a>.</li> + <li>Xerahapit, <a href='#text77'>77</a>, <a href='#text97'>97</a>.</li> + <li>Xet, <a href='#text3'>3</a>, <a href='#text27'>27</a>, <a href='#text28'>28</a>.</li> + <li>Xetocoy, <a href='#text23'>23</a>.</li> + <li>Xe tulul, <a href='#text144'>144</a>.</li> + <li>Xeuh, <a href='#text23'>23</a>.</li> + <li>Xey noh, <a href='#text112'>112</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap">Xhu<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />uy,</span> <a href='#text81'>81</a>.</li> + <li>Xibalbay, <a href='#text4'>4</a>, <a href='#text5'>5</a>.</li> + <li>Xiliviztan, <a href='#text23'>23</a>.</li> + <li>Ximbal <span class="nowrap">xu<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />,</span> <a href='#text29'>29</a>.</li> + <li>Ximox, <a href='#text88'>88</a>.</li> + <li>Xiquitzal, <a href='#text70'>70</a>, <a href='#text73'>73</a>.</li> + <li>Xit amal Queh, <a href='#text82'>82</a>, <a href='#text84'>84</a>, <a href='#text85'>85</a>.</li> + <li>Xitayul Hax, <a href='#text69'>69</a>.</li> + <li>Xivanul, <a href='#text84'>84</a>.</li> + <li>Xivico, <a href='#text110'>110</a>.</li> + <li>Xttamer Çaquentol, <a href='#text66'>66</a>.</li> + <li>Xubabal, <a href='#text77'>77</a>.</li> + <li>Xuchipillan, <a href='#text173'>173</a>.</li> + <li>Xulpit, <a href='#text19'>19</a>, <a href='#text20'>20</a>.</li> + <li>Xulu <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />atu,</span> <a href='#text66'>66</a>.</li> + <li>Xumak cham, <a href='#text95'>95</a>.</li> + <li>Xurcah, <a href='#text3'>3</a>, <a href='#text29'>29</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap">X<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />eka<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />uch,</span> <a href='#text135'>135</a>.</li> +</ul> + +<ul class="IX"> + <li><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />alaah,</span> <a href='#text63'>63</a>, <a href='#text91'>91</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />alyx,</span> <a href='#text77'>77</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />avitz,</span> <a href='#text2'>2</a>, etc.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />xanul,</span> <a href='#text31'>31</a>, <a href='#text32'>32</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ekacivan,</span> <a href='#text77'>77</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />eka<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />uch,</span> <a href='#text3'>3</a>, <a href='#text10'>10</a>, <a href='#text29'>29</a>, <a href='#text39'>39</a>, <a href='#text40'>40</a>, <a href='#text48'>48</a>, <a href='#text50'>50</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />inona,</span> <a href='#text63'>63</a>, <a href='#text66'>66</a>, <a href='#text91'>91</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ucumatz,</span> <a href='#text20'>20</a>, <a href='#text38'>38</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />umarcaah,</span> <a href='#text70'>70</a>, <a href='#text71'>71</a>, <a href='#text82'>82</a>, <a href='#text90'>90</a>, <a href='#text146'>146</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />u<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ucot,</span> <a href='#text41'>41</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />u<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />uchom,</span> <a href='#text3'>3</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />u<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />u</span> huyu, <a href='#text77'>77</a>, <a href='#text94'>94</a>, <a href='#text97'>97</a>.</li> +</ul> + +<ul class="IX"> + <li><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />abouil</span> çivan, <a href='#text63'>63</a></li> + <li><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />alalapacay,</span> <a href='#text33'>33</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />akbatzulu,</span> <a href='#text35'>35</a>, <a href='#text37'>37</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ekum,</span> <a href='#text77'>77</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />atu,</span> <a href='#text88'>88</a>, <a href='#text119'>119</a>, <a href='#text125'>125</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />atun,</span> <a href='#text3'>3</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ax<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />an,</span> <a href='#text77'>77</a>, <a href='#text94'>94</a>, <a href='#text97'>97</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />eche,</span> <a href='#text9'>9</a>, <a href='#text15'>15</a>, <a href='#text20'>20</a>, <a href='#text28'>28</a>, <a href='#text29'>29</a>, <a href='#text41'>41</a>, <a href='#text45'>45</a>, <a href='#text66'>66</a>, <a href='#text76'>76</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />eletel,</span> <a href='#text41'>41</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ian,</span> <a href='#text133'>133</a>, <a href='#text135'>135</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />icihay,</span> <a href='#text137'>137</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ikab,</span> <a href='#text67'>67-72</a>, <a href='#text74'>74-114</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />iria</span> Yyu, <a href='#text100'>100</a>, <a href='#text103'>103</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />iz<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ab,</span> <a href='#text84'>84</a>, <a href='#text85'>85</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />obakil,</span> <a href='#text3'>3</a>, <a href='#text11'>11</a>, <a href='#text26'>26</a>, <a href='#text61'>61</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />omakaa,</span> <a href='#text43'>43</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ot</span> balcan, <a href='#text66'>66</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />oxahil,</span> <a href='#text3'>3</a>, <a href='#text21'>21</a>, <a href='#text26'>26</a>, <a href='#text61'>61</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ubulahay,</span> <a href='#text34'>34</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ulavi</span> cochoh, <a href='#text34'>34</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ulavi</span> <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />anti,</span> <a href='#text34'>34</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hicbal,</span> <a href='#text112'>112</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hitibal,</span> <a href='#text22'>22</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hixnal,</span> <a href='#text49'>49</a>, <a href='#text77'>77</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hiyoc</span> Queh <span class="nowrap">Ah<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />u<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span> <a href='#text66'>66</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />holama<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span> <a href='#text23'>23</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hooc</span> Tacatic, <a href='#text95'>95</a>.</li> + <li><span class='pagenumr'><a name="Page_234" id="Page_234">[234]</a></span><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hopiytzel,</span> <a href='#text21'>21</a>, <a href='#text30'>30</a>, <a href='#text48'>48</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hupichin,</span> <a href='#text23'>23</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />huti,</span> <a href='#text63'>63</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hutiah,</span> <a href='#text3'>3</a>.</li> +</ul> + +<ul class="IX"> + <li><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ala,</span> <a href='#text41'>41</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />imaki</span> Piaculcan, <a href='#text95'>95</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ulahauh,</span> <a href='#text25'>25</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ununaa,</span> <a href='#text41'>41</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />unun</span> choy, <a href='#text23'>23</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />unun</span> huyu, <a href='#text23'>23</a>, <a href='#text27'>27</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />upi</span> <span class="nowrap">ta<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ah,</span> <a href='#text63'>63</a>, <a href='#text68'>68</a>, <a href='#text70'>70</a>, <a href='#text75'>75</a>, <a href='#text84'>84</a>.</li> + <li><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />utuhil,</span> <a href='#text9'>9</a>, <a href='#text38'>38</a>, <a href='#text103'>103</a>, <a href='#text107'>107</a>, <a href='#text112'>112</a>, <a href='#text138'>138</a>, <a href='#text149'>149</a>.</li> +</ul> + +<ul class="IX"> + <li>Tzak tzuy, <a href='#text27'>27</a>. For <i>Çak tzuy</i>, <a href="#caktzuy">q. v.</a></li> + <li>Tzanat, <a href='#text3'>3</a>.</li> + <li>Tzololaa, <a href='#text41'>41</a>, <a href='#text162'>162</a>.</li> + <li>Tzupam, <a href='#text148'>148</a>.</li> + <li>Tzutzumpan, <a href='#text169'>169</a>.</li> +</ul> + + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> + +<div style="background-color: #EEE; padding: 0.5em 1em 0.5em 1em;"> +<p class="center noindent"><a name="trans_note" id="trans_note"></a><b>Transcriber’s Note</b></p> + +<p class="noindent">The following errors and inconsistencies have been maintained.</p> + +<p class="noindent">Misspelled words and typographical errors:</p> + +<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" summary="errors"> +<tr> + <td>Page</td> + <td class="padl-1">Error</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td> <a href="#corr1">29</a></td> + <td class="padl-1">Second cacao harvest should read Second cacao harvest.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td> <a href="#corr2">30</a></td> + <td class="padl-1">20. Hunahpu, should read 20. Hunahpu.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td> <a href="#corr3">33</a></td> + <td class="padl-1">moroever should read moreover</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td> <a href="#corr4">47</a></td> + <td class="padl-1">Dicc. Anon should read Dicc. Anon.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td> <a href="#corr5">48</a></td> + <td class="padl-1">Pokoman should read Pokomam</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td> <a href="#corr6">51</a></td> + <td class="padl-1">gutteral should read guttural</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td> <a href="#corr7">51</a></td> + <td class="padl-1">magic candle should read magi<i>c</i> <i>c</i>andle</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td> <a href="#corr8">58</a></td> + <td class="padl-1">Quikab should read Qikab</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td> <a href="#corr9">61</a></td> + <td class="padl-1">agains should read against</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td> <a href="#corr10">13, fn. 1</a></td> + <td class="padl-1">Baschmann should read Buschmann</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td> <a href="#corr11">38, fn. 1</a></td> + <td class="padl-1">Cakchiquel Anon should read Cakchiquel Anon.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td> <a href="#corr12">57, fn. 1</a></td> + <td class="padl-1"><i>d</i>,the should read <i>d</i>, the</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td> <a href="#corr13">88</a></td> + <td class="padl-1"><span class="nowrap">ahpop<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />amahay.</span> ha should read either <span class="nowrap">ahpop<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />amahay,</span> ha + or <span class="nowrap">ahpop<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />amahay.</span> Ha</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td><a href="#corr14">110</a></td> + <td class="padl-1"><span class="nowrap">Ba<img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />ahol</span> the h was printed upside down in the original.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td><a href="#corr15">111</a></td> + <td class="padl-1">youself should read yourself</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td><a href="#corr16">119</a></td> + <td class="padl-1">without, should read without.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td><a href="#corr17">119</a></td> + <td class="padl-1">Caybatz.” should read Caybatz.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td><a href="#corr18">133</a></td> + <td class="padl-1">Vxa. should read Vxa</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td><a href="#corr19">136</a></td> + <td class="padl-1">achiha. maqui should read either achiha; maqui or achiha. Maqui</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td><a href="#corr20">139</a></td> + <td class="padl-1">Vucubatz should read Vukubatz</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td><a href="#corr21">147</a></td> + <td class="padl-1">Oxlahu tzii should read Oxlahuh tzii</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td><a href="#corr22">148</a></td> + <td class="padl-1">vinak. hucumah should read either vinak. Hucumah or vinak, hucumah</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td><a href="#corr23">188</a></td> + <td class="padl-1">Oh should read On</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td><a href="#corr24">189</a></td> + <td class="padl-1">litle should read little</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td><a href="#corr25">190</a></td> + <td class="padl-1">Ig should read Yg</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td><a href="#corr26">196</a></td> + <td class="padl-1">our should read four</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td><a href="#corr27">197</a></td> + <td class="padl-1">etaient should read étaient</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td><a href="#corr28">201</a></td> + <td class="padl-1">Civilisèes should read Civilisées</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td><a href="#corr29">202</a></td> + <td class="padl-1"><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> xanul should read <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> xanul</i></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td><a href="#corr30">204</a></td> + <td class="padl-1"><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />avitz</span> should read <i><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />avitz</span></i></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td><a href="#corr31">208</a></td> + <td class="padl-1">173. should read 172.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td><a href="#corr32">208</a></td> + <td class="padl-1">181. The second 181 should not appear, it refers to the same section as the preceding pargraph</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td><a href="#corr33">209</a></td> + <td class="padl-1">mayor. should read mayor.”</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td><a href="#corr34">209</a></td> + <td class="padl-1"><span class="nowrap">Ah-<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ib,</span> should read <span class="nowrap">Ah-<img src="images/dz.png" class="letter" alt="dz" title="dz" />ib.</span></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td><a href="#corr35">212</a></td> + <td class="padl-1">Anon). should read Anon.).</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td><a href="#corr36">215</a></td> + <td class="padl-1">p, 64 should read p. 64</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td><a href="#corr37">217</a></td> + <td class="padl-1">etc should read etc.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td><a href="#corr38">218</a></td> + <td class="padl-1">mountain should read mountain.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td><a href="#corr39">218</a></td> + <td class="padl-1">To put one should read To put to one</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td><a href="#corr40">219</a></td> + <td class="padl-1">she it should read she, it</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td><a href="#corr41">219</a></td> + <td class="padl-1">Tak (first listing) is out of alphabetical order</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td><a href="#corr42">222</a></td> + <td class="padl-1">See Xa should read See <i>Xa</i></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td><a href="#corr43">223</a></td> + <td class="padl-1">Asieñto should read Asiento</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td><a href="#corr44">223</a></td> + <td class="padl-1"><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />ana</span> abah is out of alphabetical order</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td><a href="#corr45">224</a></td> + <td class="padl-1"><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />iyaley</span> is out of alphabetical order</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td><a href="#corr46">225</a></td> + <td class="padl-1"><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" /></span> should read <span class="nowrap"><img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />a<img src="images/q.png" class="letter" alt="q" title="q" />,</span></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td><a href="#corr47">225</a></td> + <td class="padl-1"><span class="nowrap"><img src="images/c.png" class="letter" alt="c" title="c" />hacbal</span> is out of alphabetical order</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td><a href="#corr48">229</a></td> + <td class="padl-1">106, should read 106.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td><a href="#corr49">231</a></td> + <td class="padl-1">194 should read 184</td> +</tr> +</table> + +<p class="noindent">The following words were inconsistently spelled:</p> + +<p class="noindent">anté / ante<br /> +halebal / halibal</p> + +<p class="noindent">The following words had inconsistent hyphenation:</p> + +<p class="noindent">Ahtzib / Ah-tzib<br /> +Ahuchan / Ah-uchan<br /> +calpulli / calp-ulli<br /> +honeycomb / honey-comb<br /> +kikan / ki-kan</p> +</div> + + + + + + + + +<pre> + + + + + +End of Project Gutenberg's The Annals of the Cakchiquels, by Daniel G. 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