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diff --git a/20446.txt b/20446.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..8ca82c2 --- /dev/null +++ b/20446.txt @@ -0,0 +1,1227 @@ +Project Gutenberg's 'America for Americans!', by John Philip Newman + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: 'America for Americans!' + The Typical American, Thanksgiving Sermon + +Author: John Philip Newman + +Release Date: January 25, 2007 [EBook #20446] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ASCII + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 'AMERICA FOR AMERICANS!' *** + + + + +Produced by Bryan Ness, Richard J. Shiffer and the Online +Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This +book was produced from scanned images of public domain +material from the Google Print project.) + + + + + + + + + +"AMERICA FOR AMERICANS!" + +THE TYPICAL AMERICAN. + +_Thanksgiving Sermon_ + +OF + +Rev. John P. Newman, D.D., LL.D., + + +AT + +METROPOLITAN M. E. CHURCH, + +WASHINGTON, D. C., + +THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 25TH, 1886. + + +Subject: "OUR PLACE AMONG THE NATIONS." + + +PUBLISHED BY REQUEST OF THE CONGREGATION. + + +WASHINGTON: +RUFUS H. DARBY, PRINTER. +1886. + + +FOR SALE BY C. C. PURSELL. + +Ten Cents per Copy. Fifteen Copies for One Dollar. + + + * * * * * + + + WASHINGTON, D. C., _Nov. 26th, 1886_. + +REV. J. P. NEWMAN, D.D.: + +DEAR SIR: The universal approval by every loyal, liberty-loving +American citizen who listened to your Thanksgiving sermon yesterday, +together with the philosophic and fearless manner with which the great +themes therein discussed were treated, prompts a desire to extend its +influence by a wider circulation than even that large congregation can +give. We would, therefore, to meet the wishes of the congregation as +expressed by their unanimous vote at the close of the discourse, +request that you furnish us with a copy for publication. + + Very respectfully, + + J. C. TASKER, + J. D. CROISSANT, + A. P. LACEY, + GEO. H. LA FETRA, + B. CHARLETON. + + + * * * * * + + +WASHINGTON, D. C., _Nov. 30th, 1886_. + +DEAR FRIENDS: The sermon has excited a public interest beyond any +thought of mine. I herewith send you the stenographic report of the +discourse, made by Messrs. Dawson and Tasker. The wisdom of your +request is confirmed by many letters from eminent citizens here and +abroad, commending the sentiment and demanding the publication. I +would like to print some of these letters, indicative of the deep +feeling on this great subject. As stated in the sermon, intelligent +foreigners approve my course. The Germans of Wisconsin have sent me a +copy of their memorial to Congress, asking for such a modification of +our naturalization laws as will protect our free institutions from +selfish and ignorant immigrants. The intelligent foreigners have taken +the initiative. Your Pastor, + + JOHN P. NEWMAN. + + + + +AMERICA FOR AMERICANS. + + + "I have set thee on high above all the nations of the + earth."--Deut. xxviii., 1. + +By the voice of magisterial authority this secular day has been hushed +into the sacred quiet of a national Sabbath. From savannahs and +prairies, from valleys and mountains, from the Atlantic to the +Pacific, more than fifty millions of freemen have been invited to +gather around the altars of the God of our fathers, and pour forth the +libation of their gratitude to Him who is the giver of every good and +perfect gift. If in all the past, nations have made public recognition +of the divinities which have presided over their destiny, according to +their faith and practice, it is but reasonable and highly appropriate +that we, as a Christian people, enlightened as no other people, +favored as no other nation, should once in the twelve months +consecrate a day to the recognition of Him whose throne is on the +circle of the heavens, who is the benefactor of the husbandman, the +genius of the artisan, the inspiration of the merchant, and from whom +comes all those personal, domestic, social, and national benedictions +which render us a happy people and this day memorable in the annals of +time. + +If the year that ends to-day has been marked with severity it has also +been distinguished by goodness. If chastisements have come to us as +individuals, families, communities, and as a nation; if the +earthquake, and the tornado, and the conflagration, have combined to +teach us our dependence on the Supreme Being--all these should be +esteemed as ministers of the Highest to teach us that we are +pensioners upon the infinite bounty of the Almighty; that in our +prosperity we should remember His mercies; in our adversity we should +deplore our transgressions. + +It is evident to the most casual observer that the past year has been +significant in the manifestations of divine guidance and goodness. +To-day peace reigns throughout our vast domain. No foreign foe invades +our shores. How superior our condition by way of contrast with our +neighbors on this side of the globe. In contrast with Central and +South America, the home of turbulence and misrule, where ignorance, +combined with a perverted Christianity, has darkened and enslaved; +where the wheels of industry have been impeded and the march to a +higher civilization obstructed--how bold the contrast between these +two sections of our continent--a contrast that must be suggestive to +every thoughtful mind and awaken the question whether this is due to +what some call the fortuities of national life or whether it is the +result of a genius of government that is sublime and a religion that +is divine. And if we turn our eyes over the great deep to the most +favored nations beyond the Atlantic, the contrast inspires grateful +emotions, and we are equally led to contemplate the causes which have +brought about a condition so favorable to us. The most venerable +nations in Europe, countries that have lived through more than a +millennium, are to-day shaken by internal disturbance. Those +institutions which have come down from the hoary past, which have been +considered pre-eminent in the affections and faith of mankind, now +topple to their fall. "Uneasy lies the head that wears a crown," +whether man or woman; and no government in Europe is in a state of +peaceful security. Alarm dwells in the palace. Fear, like a bloody +phantom, haunts the throne, and the vast nations of Europe, with all +their agriculture and commerce and manufacture, and all their majesty +of law and ordinances of religion, are maintained in a questionable +peace by not less than three millions of men armed to the teeth; while +in this country, so vast in its domain, so complicated in its +population, from North to South, from East to West, preserved in +peace, not by standing armies or floating navies, but by a moral +sense, a quickened conscience, the guardian of our homes, our altars, +and our nation. + +Certainly the farmer stands nearest to God. Agriculture underlies all +national wealth. The farmer ministers to the wants of king and +prince, of president and senator; the farmer must be esteemed as the +direct medium of blessing through whom God manifests his goodness to +the nation. We have been accustomed to such phenomenal crops that it +almost goes without saying that the past year has been phenomenal in +its agricultural productions. Indeed there has been a wealth in the +soil, a wealth in the mines, a wealth in the seas, which awakens +astonishment and admiration in the minds of those beyond the deep--for +it is a statistical fact that our agricultural products for the year +just closing is not less than three and a half thousand millions of +dollars in valuation. How difficult to appreciate the fact! One +thousand seven hundred million bushels of corn, valued at five hundred +and eighty millions of dollars; four hundred and fifty million bushels +of wheat, valued at three hundred and fifty-five millions of dollars; +six and a half million bales of cotton, estimated in valuation at two +hundred and fifty millions of dollars. And including all the other +agricultural products, the statistician of the Government estimates +the value at three and a half thousand millions of dollars. And this +is but a repetition of other years. No! It exceeds other years! It is +a great fact that one and a half millions of square miles of +cultivated land in this country now subject to the plow could feed a +thousand millions of persons, and then we could have five thousand +millions of bushels of grain for exportation. + +In ten years, from 1870 to 1880, we produced over seven hundred +millions of dollars of precious metals, and the last year the +valuation is estimated at seventy-five millions in gold and silver; +and rising above these colossal and phenomenal figures, our great +manufacturing people during the past year have produced not less than +five thousand millions of dollars in valuation. The mind staggers in +the presence of these tremendous facts. + +Then our national wealth is as phenomenal as are the annual products +of soil, and mine, and skill, and commerce. In 1880 our national +wealth was estimated at forty-four thousand millions of dollars, +which would buy all Russia, Turkey, Italy, South Africa, and South +America--possessions inhabited by not less than one hundred and +seventy-seven millions of people. This enormous national wealth +exceeds the wealth of Great Britain by two hundred and seventy-six +millions of dollars. England's wealth is the growth of centuries, +while our wealth, at the most, can be said to be the growth of one +century. Nay, the fact is that most of ours has been created in the +last twenty years. In 1860 our national wealth was estimated at +sixteen thousand millions of dollars. But from 1860 to 1880 our wealth +increased twenty-eight thousand millions of dollars--ten thousand +millions more than the entire wealth of the Empire of Russia. From +1870 to 1880, ten years, the increase was twenty thousand millions. +This is without a parallel. Surely these great facts call upon the +President of the United States to convoke the freemen of this country +around their religious altars to offer their gratitude and praise to +Him from whom cometh all these blessings; for in His hand are the +resources of national wealth. With him are the ministers of good and +the ministers of evil. He can marshal the insect. He can excite the +malaria. He can call forth the tornado. He can put down his foot and +wreck the earth with earthquake throes. The ministers of evil are with +Him, and stand with closed eyes and folded wings around His throne, +but not with deaf ears, waiting to hear His summons, "Go forth." So +also around His throne stand the angels of plenty, in whose footfalls +rise the golden harvest; who quicken human genius on the land, on the +ocean, the artificer, the artisan, the scholar, the philanthropist, +and the patriot. It is by these resources of good and evil, forever +the ministers of the great God, we learn our dependence on Him; it is +with the utmost propriety that this Christian nation recognize Him as +God over all and blessed forevermore. + +It is eminently proper on a national day like this, standing in the +presence of these phenomenal mercies, these crowning plenties, that +we differentiate ourselves from the nations of our own continent and +from the most favored nations beyond the sea. + +It is proper for us to inquire the divine purpose in placing us among +the nations of the earth, and what is our great mission. There are +certain facts which prophesy--for facts are as eloquent in prophetic +announcement as are the lips of prophet or seer. We should remember +that our location is everything to us as a national power, of +intelligence and wealth, and that this location is in the wake of +national prosperity and greatness. It may have escaped your notice +that around this globe is a narrow zone, between the thirtieth and +sixtieth parallels of north latitude, and within that narrow zone is +our home. Within that belt of power have existed all the great nations +of the past, and in it exist all the great nations of the present. +What is there in this charmed circle, in this favored zone, that +brings national power? We may contract this zone by ten degrees and +the same thing is true. It is true that north of this zone there have +been nations of wealth, of luxury, and of influence. South of this +zone are Egypt and Arabia and India, and other nations that have lived +in splendor. But the peoples that have given direction to the thought +of mankind, that have created the philosophy for the race, that have +given jurisprudence and history and oratory, and poetry and art and +science, and government, to mankind, have been crowded, as it were, +within this zone of supremacy, within this magical belt of national +prosperity. Examine your globe, and there is Greece, that gave letters +to the world; Rome, that gave jurisprudence to mankind; Palestine, +that gave religion to our race. And to-day there is Germany, that gave +a Luther to the church and a Gutenberg to science, and there is +England swaying her mighty sceptre over land and sea. Our location is +in this wake of power--within this magical zone. Surely there must be +a destiny foretold by this great fact, and it is but wise for us as +intelligent freemen on this national day to consider the significance +of the prophecy. Our national home is not amid the polar snows of +Northern Russia nor the burning sands of Central Africa, but sweeping +over the lovely regions of the temperate zone, it lies too far south +to be bound in perpetual chains of frost, and too far north to sink +under the enervating influences of a tropical sun. Although on the +side of the equator destined to be the great receptacle of human life, +yet it is too far from the belligerent powers of the old world to fall +a victim to their corruption or to the weight of their combined +forces. With a shore line equalling the circuit of the globe, and with +a river navigation duplicating that vast measurement, our +national domain is only one-sixth less than that of the sixty +states--republics, kingdoms, and empires--of Europe. Indeed, it is +equal to old Rome's vast domain, which extended from the river +Euphrates to the Western ocean and from the walls of Antoninus to the +Mountains of the Moon. + +Our location is for a purpose. For if you and I believe in the mission +of individuals who accomplish the purposes of Providence, we must +believe in the mission of nations for the elevation of mankind to a +better future. + +And, my countrymen, it is equally significant that we stand above all +nations in our origin. We started where other nations left off. +Unrivalled for luxury and oriental splendor, the Assyrians sprung from +a band of hunters. Grand in her pyramids, and obelisks, and sphinxes, +Egypt rose from that race despised by mankind. Great in her +jurisprudence, giving law to the world, the Romans came from a band of +freebooters on the seven hills that have been made immortal by martial +genius; and that very nation, whose poets we copy, whose orators we +seek to imitate, whose artistic genius is the pride of the race, came +from barbarians, cannibals; and that proud nation beyond the sea, that +sways her sceptre over land and ocean, sprang from painted +barbarians--for such were the aborigines of proud Albion's Isle when +Caesar invaded those shores. + +Our forefathers stood upon the very summit of humanity. Recall our +constitutional convention. Perhaps no such convention had ever +assembled in the halls of a nation. That convention, composed of +fifty-five men, and such men! They were giants in intellect, in moral +character; all occupying a high social position; twenty-nine were +university men, and those that were not collegiates were men of +imperial intellects and of commanding common sense. In such a +gathering were Franklin, the venerable philosopher; Washington, who is +ever to be revered as patriot and philanthropist; and Madison, and +Hamilton, two of the most profound thinkers of that or of any other +age. It is one of those marvels that we should recall of which we have +a right to be proud; but in our pride we should not fail to ascertain +why the Almighty should start us as a nation at the very acme of +humanity--redeemed, educated, and made grand by the influences of a +divine Christianity. Those men were not mere colonists, nor were they +limited in their patriotism. "No pent-up Utica" could confine their +patriotism, for those men grasped the fundamental principle of human +rights. Nay, they declared the ultimate truth of humanity, leaving +nothing to added since, though a century has passed. Great +modifications have come to the governments of Europe. Some changes +have taken place in our national life. Yet I appeal to your +intelligent memory, to your calm judgments, if anything has been added +to our declaration of rights, those declarations founded upon the +constitution of nature. These men voiced the brotherhood of the race. +All other declarations prior to this were but for dynasties, or were +ethnic at most. But those men swept the horizon of humanity. These men +called forth, as it were, the oncoming centuries of time, and in their +presence declared that all men are created free and equal. + +They not only declared the ultimate truth of human rights, but they +exhausted the right of revolution. They created a constitution founded +upon the will of the people, based upon our great declaration of +rights, embracing man's inalienable right to life, liberty, and +happiness. The instrument which their genius created was left +amendable by the oncoming wants of time, modified in subordinate +relations which might be suggested by emergencies and the unfolding of +our race. Here then are the great fingers of prophecy pointing to our +future. + +And we have been equally favored in our population, whether we take +the Puritans who landed in New England, the Dutch who landed in New +York, or the English who crowded Maryland and Virginia. They were +first-class families. Especially do we trace back with pride that +glorious genius for liberty, for intelligence, for devotion manifested +by those heroic men and women who, amid the desolations of a terrific +winter landed on a barren rock to transform a vast wilderness, through +which the wild man roamed, into a garden wherein should grow the +flowers and the fruits of freedom. + +We sometimes deprecate the cosmopolitan character of our population. +It is a fact, however, that the best blood of the old world came to us +until within ten years--not the decrepit, not the maimed, not the +aged; for over fifty per cent. of those who came were between fifteen +and thirty, and have grown up to be honorable citizens in the +composition of our constitutional society. They came not as paupers. +Many of them came, each bringing seventy dollars, some $180 dollars, +and in the aggregate they brought millions of dollars. + +There has been, however, a change, a manifest change, in the character +of those from foreign shores within the last decade. The time was when +we welcomed everybody that might immigrate to this country; when we +threw our gates wide open; when in our Fourth of July orations, we +proclaimed this to be the asylum of the oppressed, the home of the +down-trodden. But in the process of time this great opportunity +afforded the nations of the old world came to be abused, and to-day is +the largest source of our national danger. We are now bound to call a +halt all along the line of immigration; to say to those peoples of the +old world that this is not a new Africa, nor a new Ireland, nor a new +Germany, nor a new Italy, nor a new England, nor a new Russia; that +this is not a brothel for the Mormon, a fetich for the negro, a +country for the ticket-of-leave-men; not a place for the criminals and +paupers of Europe; but this country is for man--man in his +intelligence, man in his morality, man in his love of liberty, man, +whosoever he is, whencesoever he cometh. [Cries of amen, followed by +applause.] + +The time has come for us to call a halt all along the line, and if we +do not close the gates we should place them ajar. We should do two +things: First, declare that this country is for Americans. [Applause.] +It is not for Germans, nor for Irishmen, nor for Englishmen, nor for +Spaniards, nor for the Chinese, nor for the Japanese, but it is for +Americans. [Cries of amen and applause.] I am not to-day reviving the +Know-Nothing cry, for I am glad to say that I am not a know-nothing in +any sense. [Laughter.] Nor am I reviving what may be called the old +Native American cry, for we have outlived that. But I am simply +declaring that America is for Typical Americans. In other words, that +we are determined by all that is honorable in law, by all that is +energetic in religion, by all that is dear to our altars and our +firesides, that this country shall not become un-American. + +Let us to-day proclaim to the world that he is an American, whether +native-born or foreign-born, who accepts seven great ideas which shall +differentiate him from all other peoples on the face of the globe. I +am bound to say, and you will agree with me, that in proportion there +are as many intelligent foreigners (that is, foreign-born) in this +congregation, in our city and in our country, who are in full accord +with this utterance as there are of those to the manor born. In other +words could I call the roll, I would find as many intelligent +foreigners who came here, not for selfishness, but for liberty and for +America's sake, who would be in accord with me in declaring that +America is for the Typical American. [Applause.] + +I speak without prejudice; I know that there are those here of foreign +birth who are ornaments in every department of society. They minister +to the sick as learned physicians. They plead in all our courts of +justice. They are the eloquent exponents of divine truth. They are in +our halls of legislation. They beautify private life in all the +immunities and refinements thereof. They have added to the wealth of +the nation. But while I make this concession, and I do it cheerfully +and proudly, yet I must affirm that there are three classes of +Americans: the native-born, the foreign-born and the typical American. +The native American has the advantage of birth, out of which flows one +supreme advantage--he may be the President of the United States. This +is a wise provision, as nativity is a primary source of patriotism, +and time is necessary to appreciation. But the native may be a +worthless citizen. He should be the typical American, but he has too +often failed to be. The Tweeds, the Wards, their like, are no honor +whatever to the native stock. Some of the worst scoundrels who have +scandalized our nation have been born to the soil. + +Then there is the foreign-born American, who is such by +naturalization. He may be worthy of our free institutions, as many +are; he may be unworthy, as many have proved themselves to be. But, +rising above these, is the typical American, without regard to place +of birth. He is the possessor of the seven great attributes, which, in +my humble judgment, constitute the true American: + +I. That our civil and political rights are not grants from superiors +to inferiors, but flow out of the order and constitution of nature. + +II. That the force to maintain these rights is not physical, but +moral. + +III. That the safeguard of such rights is individual culture and +responsibility. + +IV. That secular education is provided by the State, and is forever +free from sectarian control. + +V. That there is no alliance of State and Church; the Government +non-religious, but not irreligious. + +VI. That the Sabbath is a day of rest from ordinary care and toil. + +VII. That Christianity, in its ethics and charities, is the religion +of this land. + +It was a bold venture for the fathers of this Republic to declare +personal liberty foremost, without regard to birth or education or +civilization. This has elevated our nation above all nations. It was +sublime courage for those grand men to declare that our civil and +political rights are not grants from superiors to inferiors, but that +they flow out of the order and the constitution of nature. It is this, +my countrymen, that differentiates us, that distinguishes us from +Englishmen, and Frenchmen, and Russians. What are the two great +declarations of which England is proud? Take the _Magna Charta +Libertatum_. The historians say that this is the bulwark of English +freedom. Yes, Englishmen, you do right to so esteem it. But then you +should remember that the _Magna Charta Libertatum_ was a concession +from King John--a concession from a superior to inferiors, and the men +who wrung that concession from that English king did not esteem +themselves his equals, but permitted themselves to be treated as +inferiors. Then take what is known in English parliamentary history as +A Petition of Rights. It secured a concession from King Charles I--a +superior to inferiors. But our fathers said we are the superiors. +[Applause.] We recognize no superior but God; we declare a government +of the people, by the people, and for the people. [Applause.] We ask +not for a _Magna Charta Libertatum_. We offer no petition of rights. +Jefferson made our declaration of rights and the fathers signed it, +saying, We are born free and equal, created in the image of God; our +political rights are inalienable, inseparable from our birth. +[Applause.] That declaration turned the corner of political history. +It astounded all Europe. It sent a chill through royal blood. It +caused a paleness to come over kings and queens; yet it was a +declaration which oncoming generations approved, and oncoming +centuries will applaud, because born of truth, justice and liberty. + +The naturalized American must renounce all allegiance to foreign +prince or potentate or government; in so doing he must reject the +assumed superiority of any human grantor and assert the superiority of +the individual citizen in whom inhere these rights. [Applause.] + +The fathers ventured the assertion that a government of the people and +by the people and for the people should be supported, not by physical +force, but by a moral power, an astounding fact in the national +history. The power that conquered in the war for independence was a +moral force. It was the _spirit_ of '76. It was the spirit of '76 that +inspired Warren to say: "Put me where the battle is hottest." It was +the spirit of '76 that moved Putnam to shout out on the eve of battle: +"Powder! powder! Ye gods, give us powder!" It was the spirit of '76 +that caused the New Jersey dominie, when the army was destitute of +wadding, to rush to the church and, getting a copy of Watts's psalms, +shout out: "There, boys, put Watts into them." It was the spirit of +'76 that led Washington to consecrate himself, his time, his wealth, +and the grandest men in the country to consecrate themselves for the +accomplishment of the grandest of facts. The Continental Army was an +army of plowmen and artisans, poorly armed and poorly clothed. Baron +Steuben, when he came to this country with Lafayette to organize our +army, declared that the only regularity that he saw was, that the +short men were put in front and the tall men put behind, and old +Putnam gave him this explanation, that Americans didn't care about +their heads; they only cared about their legs; shelter their legs and +they would fight forever. Baron Steuben attempted to organize those +troops, but lost his temper and swore at them in three languages at +the same time. [Laughter.] But the spirit of '76 led to history. + +We maintain our free institutions by moral force. Our twenty thousand +soldiers scattered here and there wherever they can find an Indian to +shoot is hardly a respectable police force. [Laughter.] The founders +of this Republic knew that freemen are soldiers in the disguise of +citizens. Let the tocsin of war be founded; let a foreign foe invade +our shores; let an insurrectionary body arise in our midst, and a +million of freemen, armed to the teeth, will "Rally round the flag, +boys, rally once again." [Vociferous applause.] It is difficult for +immigrants coming to this country to appreciate this fact. They pass +through the land and see no gens d'armes, no standing armies, and +rarely a policeman. [Laughter.] + +The true American stands forever on duty, a soldier of the Republic in +the disguise of a citizen, the custodian of the Republic's life. Out +of such a citizenship comes the moral sentiment which in its +aggregation is public opinion, which is mightier than standing armies +or floating navies. [Applause.] + +A third attribute is the individuality of the citizen, out of which +comes the collective man, our national life. We have exalted the +individual; the American citizen is a republic of one. Whether we have +fifty millions, or ten millions, or a million, whatever may be the +ratio of our population, the Government recognizes the individuality +of the citizen as paramount. As God is the center of the universe, and +Christ the center of the church, so the citizen is the center of this +Government. All its laws, all its administrations, all its soldiers in +the army, all its guns in the navy, are for the protection of the +American citizen. Wherever he wanders, whether in Africa, or Europe, +or Asia, or Germany, or Ireland, or Cuba, or Mexico, the American +citizen must and shall be protected. [Applause.] It is difficult for +men coming from Europe, where men are contemplated in masses, to +realize the potency of individuality; but it underlies our free +institutions. + +Fourthly, he is an American, whether native-born or foreign-born, who +accepts the bold venture of the fathers to segregate public education +from the teachings of the church. It was a bold move in political +science. There is no authority under the Constitution of the United +States, there should be no authority in the constitution of any +State, there should be no authority in the municipality of any part of +the country, to impose religious instruction upon the childhood of +America. You and I may tremble in the presence of this tremendous +fact, this daring project in the science of statecraft, but then you +must remember that, according to the organic law of our country, we +know no class but citizens, we know no obligation but protection, no +duty but the welfare of the people. In all the nations abroad there is +the combination of secular and religious instruction. Arithmetic, +geometry, geography, physiology, must be taught under the sanctions of +religion. But in this country public education is separated from +sectarian religious teaching. We may pause in the presence of such a +fact. We know that intelligence is almost a boundless power. +Intelligence has produced as much evil as it has good; the greatest +monsters who have damned humanity have been men of the highest +possible culture, and the men who are sowing the seed in this country +of discord are men of sublime intellects and polished education. And +therefore the founders of the Republic recognized the duty of the +individual citizen to add home instruction, instruction in the church, +instruction in the Sunday-school, to sanctify this intelligence. +Whenever they expounded constitutional law, or spoke in behalf of the +perpetuity of our institutions, they never failed to give pre-eminence +to private virtue and public morality; nor did they hesitate to say +that this virtue in private life and this morality in the public +society must flow out of that religion which we esteem divine. + +Those great men ventured on another and a desperate mission, the +segregation of State from Church. In the nations of the old world +these are allied. The Czar is the head of the church. Victoria is the +head of the church. The King of Germany is the head of the church. The +Hapsburg, of Austria, is the head of the church. The Sultan is the +head of the church. But here we have no earthly head of the church. To +the individual Christian Christ is the head of the church. This is +fundamental in our Government. Here we have "a free church in a free +country." Christianity had been supported by thrones in the old +world. Religion had been enforced by armies and navies. The great +cathedrals, and what are called the church livings, had been +maintained by a tax imposed upon people who did not believe the creed +taught, and did not observe the forms of worship practiced. In our +organic law it is stated that Congress shall not legislate on the +subject of religion. Religion shall be free. Here the Mohammedan may +rear his mosque and read his Koran. Here the Brahmin may rear his +pagoda and read his Shasta. All religionists may come and worship +here, but their worship shall not infringe upon the worship of others +nor work injury to the body-politic. The Typical American should set +his face against all seeming alliance of Church and State. We say to +the Holy Father, live in peace. Stay in Rome. Live on the banks of the +Tiber. If you come here, you must be an American citizen, rejecting +your doctrine of temporal power. You may come and be naturalized and +be a voter, but we can have no temporal _popes_ here. [Applause and +laughter.] So we say to our countrymen that come from dear old +Ireland, the best country in the world to emigrate from, [laughter], +to the Italian, to the Spaniard, to the German, you may belong to the +church of the spiritual pontiff but you must renounce all allegiance +to temporal pontiffs. I hold that under our laws of naturalization, +that it is the duty of every cardinal, every archbishop, every bishop, +and every priest, every monk, Franciscan or Jesuit, to solemnly +renounce before God and the holy angels, all political allegiance to +the Pope as a temporal prince, who to-day is seeking to re-establish +diplomatic relations with England and other European nations in +recognition of his temporal sovereignty. + +And he is a true American citizen, whether foreign-born or +native-born, who maintains, as an American institution, the Holy +Sabbath-day. He can call it Sunday, after the old pagan god, but he +must rest on the seventh day, rest from toil, rest in the interest of +the dignity of labor, rest as discount upon capital, rest for +intelligence, rest for compensation, rest for domestic happiness, rest +for pious culture. The seventh day of every week should be consecrated +to cessation from labor and devoted to physical and mental repose. It +should not be a day of recreation to be spent in riotous living and in +brawls, but a day peaceful, in harmony with the institutions of +religion and the dominant sentiment of the country. Our fathers +consecrated the Sabbath, and had you the patience to hear and I, the +time to read from Franklin, from Jefferson, from Washington, touching +the Sabbath, in recognition of it as indispensable to the welfare of +our body politic, you would be confirmed in this great truth. The +danger to-day is that we are becoming un-American in cutting loose +from the Sabbath-day as a day of rest and of worship. I cannot invoke +the civil law to do more than to say that it shall be a day of rest. I +cannot invoke the civil law to say that that man shall worship here or +worship there, or worship at all, but I can invoke the civil law to +say that it shall be a non-secular day; not a day for the transaction +of business, but a day on which the laboring man shall walk out under +God's free skies and say: This is my day, the day of a freeman. +[Applause.] The tendency is to transplant a European Sabbath here; the +German with his lager, and the Frenchman with his wine, and the +Irishman with his shillalah. [Laughter.] No, no, gentlemen, stay on +the other side of the great deep. We don't want these things or this +day on this side of the broad Atlantic. + +There is another attribute that belongs to the true American +citizen--the recognition of Christianity as the religion of our +country. Webster, our greatest expounder of constitutional law, did +not hesitate to declare that Christianity--not Methodist Christianity, +not Roman Catholic Christianity, not Presbyterian Christianity--but +Christianity as taught by the four Evangelists, is the recognized +religion of this land. Recognized how far? So far that its ethics +shall be embodied in our constitutional and statutory law; so far that +its teachings of the brotherhood of mankind shall be accepted; so far +that its lessons of fraternity, equality, justice; and mercy shall be +incorporated in the law of society. Those beautiful moralities that +fell from the lips of the divine Son of God have been incorporated in +the laws of the land, and that with few exceptions. Our chaplains for +the army and navy and for Congress are in recognition of this. On that +sacred book the oath of Presidential responsibility is taken. And this +Thanksgiving Day, appointed by the President, is a monument of proof. +These point to Christianity as the dominant religion of the land, not +to the exclusion of the Jew, not to the exclusion of the Greek, not to +the exclusion of the Mohammedan, not to the exclusion of the Brahmin, +but permeating society with its principles. + +Then, citizens, the danger which comes from this foreign population is +to be met in this way, first, to hold that this country is for +Americans who are clothed with these seven attributes. + +I do not exaggerate the danger when I remind you that there are great +movements among the peoples of the earth, as never before. Remember +that the population of Europe has increased twenty-seven millions from +1870 to 1880, and at this rate of increase Europe can send to us two +millions of immigrants a year for the next hundred years. Our +foreign-born population is said to be seven millions, and their +children of the first generation would make fifteen millions. In 1882 +immigration reached the enormous figure of eight hundred thousand, and +at the present rate of immigration it is said there will be in the +year 1900, fourteen years from now, nineteen millions of persons of +foreign birth, and with their children of the first generation there +will be forty-three millions in this land of foreign born. Now the +question, and a serious one, is, Who are those that come? I have said +some are noble, some are true, some are easily transformed into the +Typical American. But then we are to remember that most of the +foreigners who come here are twelve times as much disposed to crime as +are the native stock. + +Our population of foreign extraction is sadly conspicuous in our +criminal records. This element constituted, in 1870, 20 per cent. of +the population of New England, and furnished 75 per cent. of the +crime. The Howard Society of London reports that 74 per cent. of the +Irish discharged convicts have come to the United States. I hold in +my hand the annual rum bill of this country for the last year. It is +nine hundred millions of dollars! I ask myself, Who drinks this rum? +Native Americans? Some! [Laughter.] Some drink a good deal. [Renewed +laughter.] But let us see the danger that comes to us from inebriety +among our foreign population. + +The wholesale dealers in liquor are estimated at sixty-five per cent. +foreign born, and the brewers seventy-five per cent. Let us take +Philadelphia, that old Quaker city, the City of Brotherly Love, that +city that seems to be par excellence the city of the world, and here +are the figures: There were 8,034 persons in the rum traffic, and who +were they? Chinamen, 2; Jews, 2; Italians, 18; Spaniards, 140; Welsh, +160; French, 285; Scotch, 497; English, 568; Germans, 2,179; Irish, +3,041; Africans, 265; American, 205. I suppose we will have to mix the +Africans with the Americans, and the total would be 470 Americans, and +then there were persons of unknown nationality in the rum traffic, +672; the sum total being 8,034. Of this number 3,696 were females, but +out of the 3,696 all were foreigners but one. There was one American +woman in the rum business, and I blush for my country. Yet there were +1,104 German women, and 2,548 Irish, and of the whole number of the +8,034 engaged in the liquor traffic of that city, 6,418 had been +arrested for some crime. [Applause.] We are bound to look at these +facts. Are we a nation of foreign drunkards? + +Then there is another danger--the tendency of emigrant colonization. I +suppose it is known to you that New Mexico is in the hands of +foreigners--in the hands of the Catholic Church. It is also a fact of +Congressional report that 20,557,000 acres of land are in the +possession of twenty-nine alien corporations and individuals, an area +greater than the whole of Ireland. I would have no part of this +country subject to any church. I would have no foreign language taught +in the public schools to the exclusion of or in preference to the +English language. I would have no laws published in a foreign +language, whether for the French of Louisiana or the Germans of +Cincinnati. [Loud applause.] I would utter my solemn protest, and that +in the hearing of all politicians, especially those men who want to be +Presidents and can not be Presidents, and those who hope to be ere +long--I would utter my solemn protest to-day against what is known as +the "Irish vote" and the "German vote." [Applause.] We do not want any +"foreign vote." Down with the politician that would seek an "Irish +vote" or "German vote." [Great applause.] All we want here is an +American vote. I would not vote for any man for President who would +stoop so low as to bid for the German vote or the Irish vote. +[Continued applause.] The other safeguard is an extension of the term +of residence required for naturalization. Some say make the term +twenty-one years. What is the term now? Five years. I read from +"Revised Statutes," section 2165 and 2174, that a person applying for +citizenship must be a resident of the United States at least five +years, and one year within the State or Territory wherein the +application is made, and that during that term (I wish I had all the +judges here to-day) and that during that term he is to give +satisfactory assurance to the court that he has behaved as a man of +good moral character, attached to the principles of the Constitution +of the United States, and well disposed to the good order and +happiness of the same. "A man of good moral character!" what a sublime +utterance, and how infinite. I would be glad to know what judge takes +the pains, when a hundred of these foreigners apply just on the eve of +the election, that they may qualify themselves to vote, what judge +inquires whether they are men of good moral character? Yet such is the +provision of the law of the land. We have assumed the authority to +limit suffrage. We say that women shall not vote, which is a great +mistake. [Sensation.] You are not up to that. [Laughter.] My wife is +as competent to vote as I. On all moral questions, especially the +temperance question, I would trust the women ten times before I would +the men. It is an abuse of the very genius of our Government to +proscribe the Chinese. We say the negro may vote because his skin is +black. We say the Dutchman, the Irishman, the Italian may vote, +because his skin ought to be white, but the Chinese can not vote +because his skin is yellow. The word "white" is used in the statute of +limitation. We say to the young American who graduates with the +highest honors at eighteen, you must wait three years longer before +you can stand with the Irishman with his brogans and the Teuton with +his lager and vote for the rulers of your native land. I would have +the term of naturalization extended, some say till the foreigner has +been here twenty-one years. Extend the term to ten years, fifteen +years. Say to all persons who come to this country from foreign lands, +that after 1890 they shall remain here fifteen years to become +indoctrinated in our free institutions, learn the seven attributes of +the American citizen, and then be prepared to love America for +America's sake. [Applause.] + +Thus protected we can look forward to a glorious future, and the eye +of prophecy can sweep the horizon of a deathless hope. Look forward to +the time when our place among the nations shall be the umpire of the +world. When England and Germany and France shall refer their +international questions to us for adjudication which otherwise would +be adjusted on the field of carnage; when we shall dictate to the +world by moral suasion, what shall be the rights of citizens and what +shall be the duty of the Government over them. + +The proud position of my country looms up before me. England may plant +commercial colonies around the globe, and so may Germany and so may +France, but let it be the mission of this country to plant colonies of +moral ideas wherever the sun shines, and transform the political +sentiments of the world until all men shall be recognized as created +free and equal by the Father Almighty. Let this be our proud position. +Then it shall never be said that the ocean was dug for America's +grave, that the winds were woven for her winding sheet, that the +mountains were reared for her tombstone. But rather we shall live on, +and gifted with immortal youth, America shall ascend the mountain tops +of the oncoming centuries with the old flag in her hand, symbol of +universal liberty, the light of whose stars shall blend their radiance +with the dawn of the millennium. + + + + +EXTRACTS FROM LETTERS. + + +"Your sermon yesterday upon the essential features of Americanism +deserves the applause of the nation. God speed you in your noble +mission." + + WASHINGTON, D. C. + +"Your sermon to-day was a masterpiece. God bless you." + + WASHINGTON, D. C. + +"I thank you from the bottom of my American heart for your sermon on +'America for Americans.'" + + WASHINGTON, D. C. + +"Your sermon exactly describes my sentiments, which you have put in a +cleaner and plainer light than I can." + + MARYLAND. + +"Let me congratulate you with all my heart on your immigration sermon +yesterday." + + WISCONSIN. + +"I have read the report of your sermon, and had I been present would +have risen to my feet in an 'Amen' applause." + + OHIO. + +"I have read your sermon, and thank God that one man has the manhood +to speak his mind on a subject which must soon come to the forefront +for investigation." + + ST. LOUIS. + +"You struck the people's heart on Thanksgiving Day, and put a needed +truth just right." + + NEW YORK. + + + + + +End of Project Gutenberg's 'America for Americans!', by John Philip Newman + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 'AMERICA FOR AMERICANS!' *** + +***** This file should be named 20446.txt or 20446.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + http://www.gutenberg.org/2/0/4/4/20446/ + +Produced by Bryan Ness, Richard J. 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