diff options
| author | Roger Frank <rfrank@pglaf.org> | 2025-10-15 01:22:58 -0700 |
|---|---|---|
| committer | Roger Frank <rfrank@pglaf.org> | 2025-10-15 01:22:58 -0700 |
| commit | 84f51534f5f301c7909cbba583dc79168b9469a4 (patch) | |
| tree | 2c7d6786419ceb7f1fc7756987f83c403eb6d90a /20408-h/20408-h.htm | |
Diffstat (limited to '20408-h/20408-h.htm')
| -rw-r--r-- | 20408-h/20408-h.htm | 4465 |
1 files changed, 4465 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/20408-h/20408-h.htm b/20408-h/20408-h.htm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d4711d9 --- /dev/null +++ b/20408-h/20408-h.htm @@ -0,0 +1,4465 @@ +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd"> +<html> + <head> + <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" > + <title> + Notes And Queries, Issue 185. + </title> + + <style type="text/css"> + +<!-- + body {margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%; text-align: justify;} + p.center {text-align: center;} + blockquote {text-align: justify;} + h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6 {text-align: center;} + + hr {text-align: center; width: 50%;} + html>body hr {margin-right: 25%; margin-left: 25%; width: 50%;} + hr.full {width: 100%;} + html>body hr.full {margin-right: 0%; margin-left: 0%; width: 100%;} + hr.adverts {width: 100%; height: 5px; color: black;} + html>body hr.adverts {margin-right: 0%; margin-left: 0%; width: 100%;} + + .note, .footnote {margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%; + font-size: 0.9em;} + + table.nob {margin-left: 4em} + table.allb {border : thin solid black; border-collapse: collapse; margin-left: 4em} + table.allbnomar {border : thin solid black; border-collapse: collapse;} + table.nomar {margin-left: 0em} + td.allb {border : thin solid black; padding-left: 0.5em; padding-right: 0.5em;} + td.vertb {border-left : thin solid black; border-right : thin solid black; + padding-left: 0.5em; padding-right: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 1ex; } + .poem {margin-left:10%; margin-right:10%; text-align: left;} + .poem .stanza {margin: 1em 0em 1em 0em;} + .poem p {margin: 0; padding-left: 3em; text-indent: -3em;} + p.hg3 {margin-left: -0.3em;} + p.hg1 {margin-left: -0.1em;} + .poem p.i1 {margin-left: 1em;} + .poem p.i2 {margin-left: 2em;} + .poem p.i2hg3 {margin-left: 1.7em;} + .poem p.i4 {margin-left: 4em;} + .poem p.i6 {margin-left: 6em;} + .poem p.i8 {margin-left: 8em;} + .poem p.i8hg3 {margin-left: 7.7em;} + .poem p.i12 {margin-left: 12em;} + .poem p.i12hg3 {margin-left: 11.7em;} + .poem p.i16 {margin-left: 16em;} + .poem .caesura {vertical-align: -200%;} + + span.pagenum {position: absolute; left: 1%; right: 91%; font-size: 8pt;} + span.correction {border-bottom: thin dotted red;} + span.special {border-bottom: thin dotted green;} + span.over {text-decoration: overline;} + + .sc {font-variant: small-caps; } + .scac {font-size: small;} + .grk {font-style: normal; font-family:"Palatino Linotype","New Athena Unicode",Gentium,"Lucida Grande", Galilee, "Arial Unicode MS", sans-serif;} + .saxon {font-style: normal; + font-family:sans-serif;} + + p.author {text-align: right; margin-top: -1em;} + p.address {margin-top: -0.5em;} + .cenhead {text-align: center; margin-top: 1em;} + + // --> + </style> + </head> +<body> + + +<pre> + +Project Gutenberg's Notes and Queries, Number 185, May 14, 1853, by Various + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Notes and Queries, Number 185, May 14, 1853 + A Medium of Inter-communication for Literary Men, Artists, + Antiquaries, Genealogists, etc. + +Author: Various + +Editor: George Bell + +Release Date: January 21, 2007 [EBook #20408] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES *** + + + + +Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram, Keith Edkins +and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at +https://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images +generously made available by The Internet Library of Early +Journals.) + + + + + + +</pre> + +<p><!-- Page 469 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page469"></a>{469}</span></p> + +<h1>NOTES AND QUERIES:</h1> + +<h2>A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES, +GENEALOGISTS, ETC.</h2> + +<hr class="short" > + +<h3><b>"When found, make a note of."</b>—CAPTAIN CUTTLE.</h3> + +<hr class="full" > + + +<table width="100%" class="nomar" summary="masthead" title="masthead"> + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left; width:25%"> + <p><b>No. 185.</b></p> + </td> + <td style="text-align:center; width:50%"> + <p><b><span class="sc">Saturday, May</span> 14, 1853.</b></p> + </td> + <td style="text-align:right; width:25%"> + <p><b>Price Fourpence.<br /> Stamped Edition + 5d.</b></p> + </td> + </tr> +</table> + +<hr class="full" > + +<h3>CONTENTS.</h3> + + +<table class="nomar" summary="Contents" title="Contents"> + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p><span class="sc">Notes</span>:—</p> + </td> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p>Page</p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p>English Books of Emblems, by the Rev. Thomas Corser</p> + </td> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p><a href="#page469">469</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p>Author of Tract on "Advantages of the East India Trade, 1720, + 8vo.," by James Crossley</p> + </td> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p><a href="#page471">471</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p>"Ake" and "Ache," by Thomas Keightley</p> + </td> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p><a href="#page472">472</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p>Localities mentioned in Anglo-Saxon Charters, by B. Williams</p> + </td> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p><a href="#page473">473</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p>Inedited Letter</p> + </td> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p><a href="#page473">473</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p>A Shaksperian Book</p> + </td> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p><a href="#page474">474</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p><span class="sc">Minor Notes</span>:—Shakspeare's + Monument—Archbishop Leighton and Pope: Curious Coincidence Of + Thought and Expression—Grant of Slaves—Sealing-wax</p> + </td> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p><a href="#page475">475</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p><span class="sc">Queries</span>:—</p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p>Walmer Castle, by C. Waymor</p> + </td> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p><a href="#page475">475</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p>Scotchmen in Poland, by Peter Cunningham</p> + </td> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p><a href="#page475">475</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p>Bishop Juxon and Walton's Polyglott Bible</p> + </td> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p><a href="#page476">476</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p><span class="sc">Minor Queries</span>:—Was Andrew Marvell + poisoned?—Anonymous Pamphlet by Dr. Wallis—Mrs. Cobb's + Diary—Compass Flower—Nuns of the Hotel Dieu— + Purlieu—Jennings Family—Latimer's + Brothers-in-Law—Autobiographical + Sketch—Schonbornerus—Symbol of Globe and + Cross—Booth Family—Ennui—Bankruptcy + Records—Golden Bees—The Grindstone + Oak—Hogarth—Adamsons of Perth—Cursitor Barons of + the Exchequer—Syriac Scriptures</p> + </td> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p><a href="#page476">476</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p><span class="sc">Replies</span>:—</p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p>Psalmanazar, by Rev. Dr. Maitland</p> + </td> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p><a href="#page479">479</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p>Consecrated Roses, &c., by William J. Thoms</p> + </td> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p><a href="#page480">480</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p>Campbell's Imitations</p> + </td> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p><a href="#page481">481</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p>"The Hanover Rat"</p> + </td> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p><a href="#page481">481</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p>Font Inscriptions</p> + </td> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p><a href="#page482">482</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p>Irish Rhymes: English Provincialisms: Lowland Scotch</p> + </td> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p><a href="#page483">483</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p>Pictures by Hogarth</p> + </td> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p><a href="#page484">484</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p><span class="sc">Photographic Correspondence</span>:—Washing + Collodion Process—Colouring Collodion Pictures—Wanted, a + simple Test for a good Lens—Photographic Tent: Restoration of + Faded NegativesLatimer's</p> + </td> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p><a href="#page484">484</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p><span class="sc">Replies To Minor Queries</span>:—Gibbon's + Library—Robert Drury—Grub Street Journal—Wives of + Ecclesiastics—Blanco White—Captain Ayloff—General + Monk and the University of Cambridge—The Ribston + Pippin—Cross and Pile—Ellis + Walker—Blackguard— Talleyrand—Lord King and + Sclater—"Beware the Cat"—"Bis dat qui cito + dat"—High Spirits a Presage of Evil—Colonel Thomas + Walcott—Wood of the Cross: Mistletoe—Irish Office for + Prisoners—Andries de Græff: Portraits at Brickwall + House—"Qui facit per alium, facit per se"—Christian + Names—Lamech's War-song—Traitor's Ford</p> + </td> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p><a href="#page485">485</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p><span class="sc">Miscellaneous</span>:—</p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p>Notes on Books, &c.</p> + </td> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p><a href="#page489">489</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p>Books and Odd Volumes wanted</p> + </td> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p><a href="#page490">490</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p>Notices to Correspondents</p> + </td> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p><a href="#page490">490</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p>Advertisements</p> + </td> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p><a href="#page490">490</a></p> + </td> + </tr> +</table> + +<hr class="full" > + +<h2>Notes.</h2> + +<h3>ENGLISH BOOKS OF EMBLEMS.</h3> + + <p>It is a remarkable circumstance that whilst the emblems of Alciatus + Vent through almost innumerable editions, and were translated into most + of the continental languages, no version of these Emblems should ever + have been printed in this country, although we believe that MS. + translations of them are in existence. It is remarkable also that more + than half century should have elapsed after their appearance, before any + English publication on this subject should have been committed to the + press. Our English authors of Books of Emblems were not only late in + their appearance, but are few in number, and in their embellishments not + very original, the plates being for the most part mere copies of those + already published abroad by Herman Hugo, Rollenhagius, and others. The + notices of the English writers on this entertaining subject are also but + meagre and imperfect, and restricted to a very few works; both Dibdin, in + his slight and rapid sketch on Books of Emblems in the <i>Bibliogr. + Decam.</i>, vol. i. p. 254., and the writer in the <i>Retrosp. Rev.</i>, + vol. ix. p. 123., having confined their remarks to some one or two of the + leading writers only, Arwaker, Peacham, Quarles, Whitney, and Wither. + With the exception of an occasional article in the <i>Bibl. Ang. + Poet.</i>, <i>Cens. Liter. Restituta</i>, and similar bibliographical + volumes, we are not aware that any other notice has been taken of this + particular branch of our literature<a name="footnotetag1" + href="#footnote1"><sup>[1]</sup></a>, nor does there exist, <!-- Page 470 + --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page470"></a>{470}</span> that we know + of, any complete, separate, and distinct catalogue of such works.</p> + + <p>Being anxious, therefore, to obtain a correct account of what may be + termed the English Series of Books of Emblems, I inclose a list of all + those in my own possession, and of the titles of such others as I have + been able to collect; and I shall be glad if any of your readers can make + any additions to the series, confining them at the same time strictly to + Books of Emblems, and not admitting fables, heraldic works, or older + publications not coming within the same category. A good comprehensive + work on this subject of Books of Emblems, not confined merely to the + English series, but embracing the whole foreign range, giving an account + both of the writers of the verses, and also of the engravers, and the + different styles of art in each, is still a great desideratum in our + literary history; and if ably and artistically done, with suitable + illustrations of the various engravings and other ornaments, would form a + very interesting, instructive, and entertaining volume; and I sincerely + hope that the time will not be far distant when such a volume will be + found in our libraries.</p> + + <p>I conclude with a Query of inquiry, whether anything is known of the + present resting-place of a <i>Treatise on Emblems</i>, which the late Mr. + Beloe informs us, at the close of his <i>Literary Anecdotes</i>, vol. vi. + p. 406., he had written at "considerable length," from communications + furnished him by the Marquis of Blandford, whose collection of Emblems + was at that time one of the richest and most extensive in the kingdom, + and whose treatise, if published, might perhaps prove a valuable addition + to our information on this portion of our literature.</p> + + <p>I would also inquire who was Thomas Combe, and what did he write, who + is thus mentioned by Meres in his <i>Palladis Tamia: Wits Treasury</i>, + Lond. 1598, 8vo., as one of our English writers of Emblems: "As the + Latines have those emblematists, Andreas Alciatus, Reusnerus, and + Sambucus, so we have these, Geffrey Whitney, Andrew Willet, and <i>Thomas + Combe</i>." Is anything known of the latter, or of his writings?</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Thomas Corser</span>. + + <p class="address">Stand Rectory. + +<p class="cenhead"><i>List of English Writers of Books of Emblems.</i></p> + + <p>A. (H.) Parthenia Sacra, of the Mysterious and Delicious Garden of the + Sacred Parthenis: Symbolically set forth and enriched with Pious Devises + and Emblems for the entertainment of devout Soules, &c. By H. A. + Plates. 8vo. Printed by John Cousturier, 1633.</p> + + <p>Abricht (John A. M.). Divine Emblems. Embellished with Etchings of + Copper after the fashion of Master Francis Quarles. 12mo. Lond. 1838.</p> + + <p>Arwaker (Edmund). Pia Desideria, or Divine Addresses in Three Books. + With 47 Copper Plates by Sturt. 8vo. Lond. 1686.</p> + + <p>Ashrea: or the Grove of Beatitudes. Represented in Emblemes: and by + the Art of Memory to be read on our Blessed Saviour Crucified, &c. + 12mo. Lond. 1665.</p> + + <p>Astry (Sir James). The Royal Politician represented in One Hundred + Emblems. Written in Spanish by Don Diego Saavedra Faxardo, &c. Done + into English from the Original. By Sir James Astry. In Two Vols. With + Portrait of William Duke of Gloucester, and other Plates. 8vo. Lond. + 1700. Printed for Matthew Gylliflower.</p> + + <p>Ayres (Philip). Emblemata Amatoria. Emblems of Love in Four Languages. + Dedicated to the Ladys. By Ph. Ayres, Esq. With 44 Plates on Copper. 8vo. + Lond. 1683.</p> + + <p>Barclay (Alexander).<a name="footnotetag2" + href="#footnote2"><sup>[2]</sup></a> The Ship of Fooles, wherein is + shewed the folly of all States, &c. Translated out of Latin into + Englishe. With numerous Woodcuts. Imprinted by John Cawood. Folio, bl. + letter, Lond. 1570.</p> + + <p>Blount (Thomas). The Art of making Devises: treating of + Hieroglyphicks, Symboles, Emblemes, Ænigmas, &c. Translated from the + French of Henry Estienne. 4to. Lond. 1646.</p> + + <p>Bunyan (John). Emblems by J. Bunyan. [I have not seen this work, but + suspect it is only a common chap-book. A copy was in one of Lilly's + Catalogues.]</p> + + <p>Burton (R.). Choice Emblems, Divine and Moral, Ancient and Modern; or + Delights for the Ingenious in above Fifty Select Emblems, Curiously + Ingraven upon Copper Plates. With engraved Frontispiece, &c. 12mo. + Lond. 1721. Printed for Edmund Parker.</p> + + <p>Castanoza (John). The Spiritual Conflict, or The Arraignment of the + Spirit of Selfe-Love and Sensuality at the Barre of Truth and Reason. + First published in Spanish by the Reverend Father John Castanoza, + afterwards put into the Latin, Italian, German, French, and English + Languages. With numerous Engravings. 12mo. at Paris, 1652.</p> + + <p>Choice Emblems, Natural, Historical, Fabulous, Moral, and Divine. + 12mo. Lond. 1772.</p> + + <p>Colman (W.). La Dance Machabre, or Death's Duell, by W. C. With + engraved Frontispiece by Cecil, and Plate. 8vo. Lond. 163—.</p> + + <p>Compendious Emblematist; or Writing and Drawing made easy. With many + Plates. 4to. Lond.</p> + + <p>Emblems Divine, Moral, Natural, and Historical, Expressed in + Sculpture, and applied to the several Ages, Occasions, and Conditions of + the Life of Man. By a Person of Quality. With Woodcut Engravings and + Metrical Illustrations. 8vo. Lond. 1673. Printed by J. C. for Will. + Miller.</p> + + <p>Emblems for the Entertainment and Improvement of Youth, with + Explanations, on 62 Copper Plates. White Knights. 8vo. n. d., Part I.</p> + + <p>Emblems of Mortality. With Holbein's Cuts of the Dance of Death, + modernized and engraved by Bewick. Three Editions. 8vo. Lond. 1789.</p> + + <p>Farlie (Robert). Lychnocausia, sive Moralia Facum Emblemata. Lights + Morall Emblems. Kalendarium <!-- Page 471 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page471"></a>{471}</span> Humanæ Vitæ. The Kalendar of Man's Life. + With Frontispiece and numerous Woodcuts. 8vo. Lond. 1638.</p> + + <p>Fransi (Abrahami). Insignium Armorum Emblematum Hieroglyphicorum et + Symbolorum Explicatio. No Plates. 4to. Lond. 1588.</p> + + <p>G. (H.). The Mirrour of Majestie: or the Badges of Honour conceitedly + emblazoned. With Emblems annexed. 4to. 1618. [This is the rarest of the + English series; only two copies known, one perfect <i>penes</i> me, and + another imperfect.]</p> + + <p>Gent (Thomas). Divine Entertainments; of Penitential Desires, Sighs, + and Groans of the Wounded Soul. In Two Books, adorned with suitable Cuts. + In Verse. With numerous Woodcuts. 12mo. Lond. 1724.</p> + + <p>Hall (John). Emblems, with elegant Figures newly published. Sparkles + of Divine Love. Engraved Frontispiece and Plates. 12mo. Lond. 1648.</p> + + <p>Heywood (Thomas). Pleasant Dialogues and Dramas, selected out of + Lucian, &c. With sundry Emblems, extracted from the most elegant + Iacobus Catsius, &c. 8vo. Lond. 1637. No Plates.</p> + + <p>Jenner (Thomas). The Soules Solace; or Thirtie and one Spirituall + Emblems. With Plates on Copper, and Verses. 4to. Lond. 1631.</p> + + <p>—— The Ages of Sin, of Sinnes Birth and Growth. With the + Steppes and Degrees of Sin, from Thought to finall Impenitence. Nine + leaves containing nine emblematical engravings, each with six metrical + lines beneath. 4to. No printer's name, place, or date.</p> + + <p>—— A Work for none but Angels and Men, that is, to be able + to look into, and to know themselves, &c. It contains eight + Engravings emblematic of the Senses, and is in fact Sir John Davis's poem + on the Immortality of the Soul turned into prose. 4to. Lond. 1650. + Printed by M. S. for Thomas Jenner.</p> + + <p>—— Wonderful and Strange Punishments inflicted on the + Breakers of the Ten Commandments. With curious Plates. 4to. Lond. + 1650.</p> + + <p>Montenay (Georgette de). A Booke of Armes, or Remembrance: wherein are + a hundred Godly Emblemata; first invented and elaborated in the French + Tongue, but now in severall Languages. With Plates. 8vo. Franckfort. + 1619.</p> + + <p>Murray (Rev. T. B.). An Alphabet of Emblems. With neatly executed + Woodcuts. 12mo. Lond. 1844.</p> + + <p>Peacham (Henry). Minerva Britannia, or, A Garden of Heroickall + Devises, furnished and adorned with Emblemes and Impressas, &c. + Numerous Woodcuts. 4to. Lond. n. d. (1612.)</p> + + <p>Protestant's (The) Vade Mecum, or Popery Displayed in its proper + Colours, in Thirty Emblems, lively representing all the Jesuitical Plots + against this Nation. With thirty engraved Emblems on copper. 8vo. Lond. + 1680. Printed for Daniel Brown.</p> + + <p>Quarles (Francis). Emblemes by Fra. Quarles. The First Edition. With + Plates by W. Marshall and others. Rare. 8vo. Lond. 1635. Printed by G. M. + at John Marriott's.</p> + + <p>—— Hieroglyphickes of the Life of Man, by Fra. Quarles. In + a Series of engraved Emblems on Copper by Will. Marshall. With Verses. + 8vo. Lond. 1638. Printed by M. Flesher.</p> + + <p>Richardson (George). Iconology; or a Collection of Emblematical + Figures, Moral and Instructive. In Two Volumes. With Plates. 4to. Lond. + 1777-79.</p> + + <p>Riley (George). Emblems for Youth. Reprinted in 1775, and again in + 1779. 12mo. Lond. 1772.</p> + + <p>Ripa (Cæsar). Iconologia; or Morall Emblems. Wherein are express'd + various Images of Virtues, Vices, &c. Illustrated with 326 Human + Figures engraved on Copper. By the care and charge of P. Tempest. 4to. + Lond. 1709.</p> + + <p>S. (P.) The Heroical Devises of M. Claudius Paradin, Canon of + Beauvieu. Whereunto are added the Lord Gabriel Symons and others. + Translated out of Latin into English by P. S. With Woodcuts. 16mo. Lond. + 1591. Imprinted by William Kearney.</p> + + <p>Stirry (Thomas). A Rot among the Bishops, or a terrible Tempest in the + Sea of Canterbury, a Poem with lively Emblems. A Satire against + Archbishop Laud. With Four Wood Engravings. Rare. 8vo. Lond. 1641.</p> + + <p>Thurston (J.). Religious Emblems; being a Series of Engravings on + Wood, from the Designs of J. Thurston, with Descriptions by the Rev. J. + Thomas. 4to. Lond. 1810.</p> + + <p>Vicars (John). A Sight of y<sup>e</sup> Transactions of these latter + Yeares Emblemized with engraven Plates, which men may read without + Spectacles. Collected by John Vicars. With Engravings of Copper. 4to. + Lond. n. d., are to be sould by Thomas Jenner at his shop.</p> + + <p>—— Prodigies and Apparitions, or England's Warning Pieces. + Being a seasonable Description by lively figures and apt illustrations of + many remarkable and prodigious forerunners and apparent Predictions of + God's Wrath against England, if not timely prevented by true Repentance. + Written by J. V. With curious Frontispiece and six other Plates. 8vo. + Lond. n. d., are to bee sould by Tho. Bates.</p> + + <p>Whitney (Geoffrey). A Choice of Emblems and other Devises. Englished + and Moralized by Geoffrey Whitney. With numerous Woodcuts. 4to. Leyden, + 1586. Imprinted at Leyden in the house of Christopher, by Grancis + Raphalengius.</p> + + <p>Willet (Andrew). Sacrorum Emblematum Centuria Una quæ tam ad exemplum + aptè expressa sunt, &c. No Plates. 4to. Cantabr. n. d. (1598.)</p> + + <p>Wither (George). A Collection of Emblems, Ancient and Moderne: + Quickened with Metricall Illustrations both Morall and Divine. The + Plates, 200 in number, were engraved by Crispin Pass. Folio, Lond. 1635. + Printed by A. M. for Henry Taunton.</p> + + <p>Wynne (John Huddlestone). Choice Emblems for the Improvement of Youth. + Plates. 12mo. Lond. 1772.</p> + +<div class="note"> + <a name="footnote1"></a><b>Footnote 1:</b><a + href="#footnotetag1">(return)</a> + <p>We must exempt from this sweeping assertion a very interesting and + well-written account of works on this subject, entitled "A Sketch of that + Branch of Literature called Books of Emblems, as it flourished during the + 16th and 17th centuries, by Joseph Brooks Yates, Esq., F.S.A.," of West + Dingle, near Liverpool, the friend of Roscoe, and the worthy and + intelligent President of the Literary and Philosophical Society of + Liverpool, read at their meetings, and of which two parts have already + been printed in their volumes of <i>Proceedings</i>. This "Sketch" only + requires to be enlarged and completed, with specimens added of the + different styles of the engravings, to render it everything that is to be + desired on the subject.</p> + + <a name="footnote2"></a><b>Footnote 2:</b><a + href="#footnotetag2">(return)</a> + <p>Perhaps this, and the works of Colman and Heywood, are scarcely to be + considered as <i>Books of Emblems</i>.</p> + +</div> +<hr class="full" > + +<h3>AUTHOR OF TRACT ON "ADVANTAGES OF THE EAST +INDIA TRADE, 1720, 8vo."</h3> + + <p>Of this pamphlet, originally published in 1701, 8vo., under the title + of <i>Considerations upon the East India Trade</i>, and afterwards in + 1720, 8vo., with a new title-page, <i>The Advantages of the East India + Trade to England considered</i>, containing <!-- Page 472 --><span + class="pagenum"><a name="page472"></a>{472}</span> 128 pages, inclusive + of Preface, the author never yet been ascertained.</p> + + <p>Mr. M<sup>c</sup>Culloch accords to it, and very deservedly, the + highest praise. He styles it (<i>Literature of Political Economy</i>, p. + 100.) "a profound, able, and most ingenious tract;" and observes that he + has "set the powerful influence of the division of labour in the most + striking point of view, and has illustrated it with a skill and felicity + which even Smith has not surpassed, but by which he most probably + profited." Addison's admirable paper in <i>The Spectator</i> (No. 69.) on + the advantages of commerce, is only an expansion of some of the + paragraphs in this pamphlet. In some parts I think he has scarcely + equalled the force of his original. Take, for instance, the following + sentences, which admit of fair comparison:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1"> + + <p>"We taste the spices of Arabia, yet never feel the scorching sun which + brings them forth; we shine in silks which our hands have never wrought; + we drink of vineyards which we never planted; the treasures of those + mines are ours which we have never digged; we only plough the deep, and + reap the harvest of every country in the world."—<i>Advantages of + East India Trade</i>, p. 59.</p> + + <p>"Whilst we enjoy the remotest products of the north and south, we are + free from those extremities of weather which give them birth; our eyes + are refreshed with the green fields of Britain, at the same time that our + palates are feasted with fruits that rise between the + tropics."—<i>Spectator</i>, No. 69.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>Mr. M<sup>c</sup>Culloch makes no conjecture as to the probable author + of this very able tract; but it appears to me that it may on good grounds + be ascribed to Henry Martyn, who afterwards—not certainly in + accordance with the enlightened principles he lays down in this + pamphlet—took an active part in opposing the treaty of commerce + with France, and was rewarded by the appointment of Inspector-General of + the exports and imports of the customs. (See an account of him in Ward's + <i>Lives of Gresham Professors</i>, p. 332.) He was a contributor to + <i>The Spectator</i>, and Nos. 180. 200. and 232. have been attributed to + him; and the matter of Sir Andrew Freeport's speculations appears to have + been furnished by him as Addison and Steele's oracle on trade and + commerce. It will be seen that in No. 232. he makes exactly the same use + of Sir William Petty's example of the watch as is done in the tract + (p.69.), and the coincidence seems to point out one common author of both + compositions. But, without placing too much stress on this similarity, I + find, that Collins's <i>Catalogue</i>, which was compiled with great + care, and where it mentions the authors of anonymous works may always be + relied upon, attributes this tract to Martyn (Collins's <i>Cat</i>. + 1730-1, 8vo., Part I., No. 3130.). I have a copy of the edition of 1701, + in the original binding and lettering—lettered "Martyn on the East + India Trade "—and copies of the edition of 1720 in two separate + collections of tracts; one of which belonged to A. Chamier, and the other + to George Chalmers; in both of which the name of Martyn is written as its + author on the title-page, and in the latter in Chalmers's handwriting. I + think therefore we may conclude that this tract, which well deserves + being more generally known than it is at present, was written by Henry + Martyn.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Jas. Crossley</span>. + +<hr class="full" > + +<h3>"AKE" AND ACHE.</h3> + + <p>John Kemble, it is well known, maintained that the latter was the mode + of pronouncing this word in Shakspeare's days. He was right, and he was + wrong; for, as I shall show, both modes prevailed, at least in poetry, + till the end of the seventeenth century. So it was with some other words, + <i>show</i> and <i>shew</i>, for instance. It is, perhaps, hardly + necessary to observe that the sounds <i>k, ch, sh, kh</i> (guttural) are + commutable. Thus the letter <i>h</i> is named in Italian, <i>acca</i>; in + French, <i>ache</i>, in English, <i>aitch</i>, perhaps originally + <i>atch</i>: our <i>church</i> is the Scottish <i>kirk</i>, &c. + Accordingly, we meet in Shakspeare <i>reckless</i> and <i>rechless</i>, + <i>reeky</i> and <i>reechy</i>; "As I could <i>pike</i> (pitch) my + lance." (Coriol., Act I. Sc. 1.) Hall has (<i>Sat</i>. vi. 1.) "Lucan + <i>streaked</i> (stretched) on his marble bed." So also there were + <i>like</i> and <i>liche</i>, and the vulgar <i>cham</i> for <i>I am</i> + (<i>Ic eom</i>, A.-S.)</p> + + <p>Having now to show that both <i>ake</i> and <i>ache</i> were in use, I + commence with the former:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Like a milch-doe, whose swelling dugs do <i>ake</i>,</p> + <p>Hasting to find her fawn hid in some brake."</p> + <p class="i6">Shakspeare's <i>Venus and Adonis</i></p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"By turns now half asleep, now half awake,</p> + <p>My wounds began to smart, my hurt to <i>ake</i>."</p> + <p class="i6">Fairfax, <i>Godf. of Bull.</i>, viii, 26.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Yet, ere she went, her vex'd heart, which did <i>ake</i>,</p> + <p>Somewhat to ease, thus to the king she spake."</p> + <p class="i6">Drayton, <i>Barons' Wars</i>, iii. 75.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"And cramm'd them till their guts did <i>ake</i></p> + <p>With caudle, custard, and plumcake."</p> + <p class="i6"><i>Hudibras</i>, ii. 2.</p> + </div> + </div> + <p>The following is rather dubious:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"If chance once in the spring his head should <i>ach</i>,</p> + <p>It was foretold: thus says my almanack."</p> + <p class="i6">Hall, <i>Sat.</i> ii. 7., ed. Singer.</p> + </div> + </div> + <p>The <i>aitch</i>, or rather, as I think, the <i>atch</i> sound, occurs + in the following places:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"<i>B.</i> Heigh ho!</p> + <p><i>M.</i> For a hawk, a horse, or a husband?</p> + <p><i>B.</i> For the letter that begins them all, <i>H</i>."</p> + <p class="i6"><i>Much Ado about Nothing</i>, Act III. Sc. 4.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Their fears of hostile strokes, their <i>aches</i>, losses."</p> + <p class="i6"><i>Timon of Athens</i>, Act V. Sc. 2.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Yea, fright all <i>aches</i> from your bones."</p> + <p class="i6">Jonson, <i>Fox</i>, ii. 2.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> +<!-- Page 473 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page473"></a>{473}</span> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Wherefore with mine thou dow thy musick match,</p> + <p>Or hath the crampe thy ionts benom'd with <i>ache</i>."</p> + <p class="i6">Spenser, <i>Shep. Cal.</i>, viii. 4.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Or Gellia wore a velvet mastic-patch</p> + <p>Upon her temples, when no tooth did <i>ach</i>."</p> + <p class="i6">Hall, <i>Sat.</i> vi. 1.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"As no man of his own self catches</p> + <p>The itch, or amorous French <i>aches</i>."</p> + <p class="i6"><i>Hudibras</i>, ii, 2.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"The natural effect of love,</p> + <p>As other flames and <i>aches</i> prove."</p> + <p class="i6"><i>Ib.</i>, iii. 1.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Can by their pangs and <i>aches</i> find</p> + <p>All turns and changes of the wind."</p> + <p class="i6"><i>Ib.</i>, iii. 2.</p> + </div> + </div> + <p>These, in Butler, are, I believe, the latest instances of this form of + the word.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Thomas Keightley.</span> + +<hr class="full" > + +<h3>LOCALITIES MENTIONED IN ANGLO-SAXON CHARTERS.</h3> + + <p>When Mr. Kemble published the index to his truly national code of + Anglo-Saxon Charters, he expressly stated that there were many places of + which he was in doubt, and which are indicated by Italics.</p> + + <p>It is only by minute local knowledge that many places can be verified, + and with the view of eliciting from others the result of their + investigations, I send you my humble contribution of corrections of + places known to myself.</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>Bemtún, 940. Bampton, Oxon.</p> + <p>Bleódon, 587, 1182. Bleadon, Somerset.</p> + <p>Bóclond, 1050. Buckland, Berks.</p> + <p>Brixges stán, 813. Brixton, Surrey.</p> + <p>Ceomina lacu, 714. Chimney, Oxon.</p> + <p>Ceommenige, 940. Idem.</p> + <p>Cingestún, 1268, 1276, 1277. Kingston Bagpuxe, Berks.</p> + <p>Cingtuninga gemǽre, 1221. Idem.</p> + <p>Colmenora, 1283. Cumnor, Berks.</p> + <p>Crócgelád, 1305. Cricklade, Wilts.</p> + <p>Dúnnestreátún, 136. Dunster, Somerset.</p> + <p>Esstune, 940. Aston-in-Bampton, Oxon.</p> + <p>Fifhidan, 546, 1206. Fyfield, Berks.</p> + <p>Hearge, 220. Harrow-on-the-Hill.</p> + <p>Hengestesige, 556. Hinksey, Berks.</p> + <p>Leoie, 1255. Bessil's-leigh, Berks.</p> + <p>Monninghæma díc, 645. Monnington, Herefordshire.</p> + <p>Osulfe's Lea, 404, is in Suffolk, or near it.</p> + <p>Pipmynster, 774, &c., probably Pippingminster, Somerset.</p> + <p>Scypford, 714. Shifford, Oxon.</p> + <p>Scuccanhláu, 161, is in Berks.</p> + <p>Tubbanford, 1141, 1255. Tubney, Berks.</p> + <p>Whétindún, 363. Whatindon, Surrey.</p> + <p>Wenbeorg, 1053. Wenbury, Devon.</p> + <p>Wænríc 775, and Wenrise, 556, is the River Windrush.</p> + <p>Wícham (Wítham), 116, 214, 775. Witham, Berks.</p> + <p>Wyttanig, 556. Witney, Oxon.</p> + <p>Wurðe, Wyrðe, Weorthe, Weorthig, 208, 1171, 1212, 1221. Longworth, Berks.</p> + <p>Worth, Wurthige, 743, 1121. Worth, Hants.</p> + </div> + </div> + <p>The following are omitted:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>Hanlee, 310.</p> + <p>Helig, 465.</p> + <p>Pendyfig, 427.</p> + <p>Stanford, 1301. Stanford, Kent.</p> + <p>Stánlége, 1255. Standlake, Oxon.</p> + <p>Ðestinctun, 805.</p> + <p>Welingaford, 1154. Wallingford, Berks.</p> + <p>Wanhæminga, 1135.</p> + </div> + </div> + <p class="author"><span class="sc">B. Williams.</span> + +<hr class="full" > + +<h3>INEDITED LETTER.</h3> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i3">August 24th, 1690,</p> + <p class="i3">Qu. Coll. Oxon.</p> + </div> + </div> + <p>Dear S<sup>r</sup>,</p> + + <p>I heartily thank you for the favour of your letter, and to shew itt + will not fail to write as often as anything does occurr worth sending, if + you think the accountt I give not troublesome. Dr. Adams, Dr. Rudston, + and Delaune have promis'd to write this post: we remembred you both + before and after your letters came w<sup>th</sup> S<sup>r</sup> John + Matthews, who staid here 3 nights this weeke. Our militia is gone home + cloath'd in Blew coates but many coxcombs of this city have refused to + pay their quota towards the buying of them, railing against my + L<sup>d</sup> Abington, who has smooth'd the mob by giving a brace of + Bucks last Friday in Port Meed. J. M. has bin expected here this + fortnight: the Lady that calls herselfe by his nane has bin a good while + at Astrop, and has discover'd her displeasure there, that her husband as + shee calls him keeps the coach so long from her at Oxford: upon hearing + of w<sup>ch</sup> S<sup>r</sup> W. H. in a blunt way gave her the old + name, w<sup>ch</sup> caus'd some dissatisfaction and left her smal + acquaintance: I heare that the understanding between our Friend and his + uncle is not so good as formerly, but I do not think it will end in + Abdication. Mr. Painter is admitted Rector of Exeter. The <i>Naked + Gospel</i><a name="footnotetag3" href="#footnote3"><sup>[3]</sup></a> was + burnt on y<sup>e</sup> 19th in the Scholes Quadrangle. The Regents first + drew up a Petition to have it censured; then some others more busy than + wise tooke upon them to gett it subscribed, and went to coffee houses and + taverns as well as colleges for that purpose: these proceedings being + ag<sup>st</sup> statute, and reflecting upon the vice ch., gave great + offence; at last he call'd a meeting of y<sup>e</sup> <!-- Page 474 + --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page474"></a>{474}</span> heads of + houses, who deputed 6 to examine it: they pick'd several Proposit. + w<sup>ch</sup> were read. The sentence was in this form: Propositions + &<sup>c</sup> tanquā falsas et impias in Chris. Relig. et in + Ecc. præcipue Anglicanā contumeliosas damnamus, plerasq; insuper + hæreticas esse decernimus et declaramus, &<sup>c</sup>. This was + first subscribed by all y<sup>e</sup> heads of Coll. and then condemn'd + unanimously in a full convocation. The Decree is printed, but is too + large to send. The Author of y<sup>e</sup> Booke has sent about a soft + vindication of himselfe, that he is unwilling to be accounted a Socinian, + &c. If I can gett a sight of it I will send you the contents. I do + not know how far you are in the right about guessing at a Bursar: Tim. + seems resolv'd to act according to y<sup>e</sup> song; but I to shew good + nature even w<sup>th</sup>out a tree have promis'd to make him a Dial: + and when that's done I will doe y<sup>e</sup> like at Astrop. I am</p> + +<p class="cenhead">Your very humble serv<sup>t</sup>,<br /> +W. R.</p> + + <p>If you see Coll. Byerly, give my service to him.</p> + + <p>Directed thus: These to George Clark, Esq., Secretary of War in + Ireland.</p> + + <p>By y<sup>e</sup> way of London.</p> + + <p>Indorsed: W. Rooke, Rec<sup>d</sup> at Tipperary, Sept. 7th.</p> + +<div class="note"> + <a name="footnote3"></a><b>Footnote 3:</b><a + href="#footnotetag3">(return)</a> + <p>[For some account of this work, by Arthur Bury, and the controversy + respecting it, see Wood's <i>Athenæ</i>, edit. Bliss, vol. i. p. 483. + William Rooke, the Writer of the letter, was of Queen's College; made + B.A., May 16, 1674; M.A., Oct. 30, 1677; B.D., April 12, + 1690.—<span class="sc">Ed.</span>]</p> + +</div> +<hr class="full" > + +<h3>A SHAKSPERIAN BOOK.</h3> + + <p>"There exists," says Mr. John Wilson, "as it were a talismanic + influence in regard to the most trivial circumstances connected with + Shakspeare," and yet this enthusiast has not, in his <i>Shaksperiana</i>, + alluded to the dramatic works of Mary Hornby, written under, and dated + from, the <i>dear</i> old roof at Stratford-upon-Avon!</p> + + <p>It was my late good fortune, after filling my pockets from the + twopenny boxes of the suburban bookstalls, to find, on turning out the + heterogeneous contents, that I had accidentally become possessed of + <i>The Broken Vow</i>, a comedy by the aforesaid lady, who waits to be + enrolled in that much wanted book, a new edition of the <i>Biographia + Dramatica</i>. This <i>Broken Bow</i> which looks like a re-cooking of + the <i>Merry Miller</i> of Thomas Sadler, 1766, bears to be "printed at + Stratford-upon-Avon, for the Author, by W. Barnacle, 1820." Mary Hornby, + following the example of the <i>preoccupier of the butcher's shop</i>, + tries her hand at both tragedy and comedy; in the first line she stands + charged with the perpetration of <i>The Battle of Waterloo</i>, which, I + doubt not, rivalled its original enactment in its <i>sanguinary</i> + character. I have not been lucky enough to fall in with this, which was a + <i>hit</i>; our fair authoress, in her preface to the comedy under + notice, modestly attributing its great success more to the kindness of + her friends than to its literary merit.</p> + + <p>Mrs. Hornby sustains the dignity of the drama by adhering to her five + acts, with prologue and epilogue according to prescription. Looking to + the prologue for the <i>who</i>, the <i>why</i>, and the + <i>wherefore</i>, I am sorry to say I find no materials for the + concoction of a biographical note; upon the second point, the <i>why</i>, + she tells us:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"When women teem, be it with bad or good,</p> + <p>They must bring forth—forsooth 'tis right they should,</p> + <p>But to produce a bantling of the brain,</p> + <p>Hard is the task, and oft the labour vain."</p> + </div> + </div> + <p>That her literary <i>accouchement</i> should not be a failure, she + further says:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Lord, how I've bother'd all the gods and graces,</p> + <p>Who patronize <i>some</i> mortals, in such cases."</p> + </div> + </div> + <p>I take the expressive use of the word "some" here to indicate her + predecessor, the ancient occupier of the tenement, who certainly was a + <i>protégé</i> of the said parties.</p> + + <p>Mrs. Hornby then goes on to relate how that during her + <i>gestation</i> she invoked Apollo, Thalia, and Erato:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Soon they arrived, with Hermes at their side,</p> + <p>By Jove commission'd, as their friend and guide.</p> + <p>But when the mirth-inspiring dames stepp'd o'er</p> + <p>The sacred threshold of <i>great Shakspeare's door</i>,</p> + <p>The heav'nly guests, <i>who came to laugh with me</i>,</p> + <p>Oppress'd with grief, wept with <i>Melpomene</i>;</p> + <p>Bow'd pensive o'er the Bard of Nature's tomb,</p> + <p>Dropt a sad tear, then left me to my doom!"</p> + </div> + </div> + <p>I leave the reader to judge for himself whether the Muses really "came + to laugh" with Mary Hornby, or whether, under the belief of the + immortality of our Bard, they did not rather expect a pleasant + <i>soirée</i> with Gentle Will, and naturally enough went off in a huff + when they found themselves inveigled into a tea-party at Mrs. + Hornby's.</p> + + <p>Mr. Wilson, in the work above quoted, does condescend to notice Mrs. + Hornby,—</p> + +<blockquote class="b1"> + + <p>"Who rented the butcher's shop under the chamber in which the poet was + born, and kept the <i>Shaksperian Album</i>, an interesting record of the + visitors to that shrine. Some of the subscribers having given vent to + original stanzas suggested by the scene, those effusions," continues the + lofty bookseller, "<i>the female in question</i> caused to be inscribed + and printed in a small pamphlet, which she sells to strangers."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>Not a word, you will see, about the poet's mantle having descended + upon the shoulders of our Mary,—which was unpolite of him, seeing + that both the tragedy and comedy had the precedence of his book by some + years. Not having before me the later history of Shakspeare's house, I am + unable to say whether our subject deserved more consideration and gallant + treatment at the hands of <span class="sc">Mr. Collier</span>, when he + and his colleagues came into possession.</p> + + <p class="author">J. O. + +<p><!-- Page 475 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page475"></a>{475}</span></p> + +<hr class="full" > + +<h2>Minor Notes.</h2> + + <p><i>Shakspeare's Monument.</i>—When I was a young man, some + thirty or forty years ago, I visited the monument of Shakspeare, in the + beautiful church of Stratford-upon-Avon, and there copied, from the Album + which is kept for the names of visitors, the following lines:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Stranger! to whom this monument is shown,</p> + <p>Invoke the poet's curse upon Malone!</p> + <p>Whose meddling zeal his barbarous taste displays,</p> + <p>And smears his tombstone, as he marr'd his plays.</p> + <p class="i16">R. F.</p> + <p>Oct. 2, 1810."</p> + </div> + </div> + <p>This has just now been brought to my mind by reading, in page 155. of + the second volume of Moore's Journal, the following account of a + conversation at Bowood:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1"> + + <p>"Talked of Malone—a dull man—his whitewashing the statue + of Shakspeare, at Leamington or Stratford (?), and General Fitzpatrick's + (Lord L.'s uncle) epigram on the subject—very good—</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg1">'And smears his statue as he mars his lays.'"</p> + </div> + </div> +</blockquote> + + <p>I cannot but observe that the doubt expressed in the Diary of + Moore—whether Shakspeare's monument is "at Leamington or Stratford + (?)"—is curious, and I conceive my version of the last line, + besides being more correct, is also more pithy. It is incorrect, + moreover, to call it a <i>statue</i>, as it is a three-quarters bust in a + niche in the wall.</p> + + <p>The extract from <i>Moore's Diary</i>, however, satisfactorily + explains the initials "R. F.," which have hitherto puzzled me.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Senex</span>. + + <p><i>Archbishop Leighton and Pope: Curious Coincidence of Thought and + Expression.</i>—</p> + +<blockquote class="b1"> + + <p>"Were the true visage of sin seen at a full light, undressed and + unpainted, it were impossible, while it so appeared, that any one soul + could be in love with it, but would rather flee from it as hideous and + abominable."—Leighton's <i>Works</i>, vol. i. p. 121.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>Vice is a monster of such hideous mien,</p> + <p>As to be hated, needs but to be seen."—<i>Pope.</i></p> + </div> + </div> + <p class="author"><span class="sc">James Cornish</span>. + + <p><i>Grant of Slaves.</i>—I send you a copy of a grant of a slave + with his children, by William, the Lion King of Scotland, to the monks of + Dunfermline, taken from the <i>Cart. de Dunfermline</i>, fol. 13., + printed by the Bannatyne Club from a MS. in the Advocates' Library here, + which you may, perhaps, think curious enough to insert in "N. & + Q."</p> + +<blockquote class="b1"> + + <p>"De Servis.</p> + + <p>"Willielmus Dei gracia Rex Scottorum. Omnibus probis hominibus tocius + terre me, clericis et laicis, salutem: Sciant presentis et futuri me + dedisse et concessisse et hac carta mea confirmasse, Deo et ecclesie + Sancte Trinitatis de Dunfermlene et Abbati et Monachis ibidem, Deo + servientibus in liberam et perpetuam elemosinam, Gillandream Macsuthen et + ejus liberos et illos eis quietos clamasse, de me, et heredibus meis, in + perpetuum. Testibus Waltero de Bid, Cancellario; Willielmo filio Alani, + Dapifero; Roberto Aveneli Gillexio Rennerio, Willielmo Thoraldo, apud + Strivelin."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p class="author">G. H. S. + + <p class="address">Edinburgh. + + <p><i>Sealing-wax.</i>—The most careful persons will occasionally + drop melting sealing-wax on their fingers. The first impulse of every one + is to pull it off, which is followed by a blister. The proper course is + to let the wax cool on the finger; the pain is much less, and there is no + blister.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Uneda</span>. + + <p class="address">Philadelphia. + +<hr class="full" > + +<h2>Queries.</h2> + +<h3>WALMER CASTLE.</h3> + + <p>In Hasted's <i>History of Kent</i>, vol. iv. p. 172., folio edition, + we have as follows:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1"> + + <p>"Walmer, probably so called <i>quasi vallum maris</i>, i. e. the wall + or fortification made against the sea, was expressed to have been a + member of the port of Sandwich time out of mind," &c.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>Again, p. 165., note <i>m</i>, we find:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1"> + + <p>"Before these three castles were built, there were, between Deal and + Walmer Castle, two eminences of earth, called 'The Great and Little + Bulwark;' and another, between the north end of Deal and Sandwich Castle + (all of which are now remaining): and there was probably one about the + middle of the town, and others on the spots where the castles were + erected. They had embrasures for guns, and together formed a defensive + line of batteries along that part of the coast," &c.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>To the new building of these castles Leland alludes, in his <i>Cygnea + Cantio</i>:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Jactat Dela novas celebris arces</p> + <p>Notus Cæsareis locus trophæis."—Ver. 565.</p> + </div> + </div> + <p>There are clear remains of a Roman entrenchment close to Walmer + Castle. (See <i>Hasted</i>, vol. iv. p. 162., notes.)</p> + + <p>Any of your correspondents who could give me any information tending + to show that an old fortification had existed on the site of Walmer + Castle, previous to the erection of the present edifice—or even + <i>almost</i> upon the same site—would do me a very great kindness + if he would communicate it, through the columns of "N. & Q.," or by a + private letter sent to the Editor.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">C. Waymor</span>. + +<hr class="full" > + +<h3>SCOTCHMEN IN POLAND.</h3> + + <p>Can any of your readers throw any light on this passage in Dr. + Johnson's <i>Life of Sir John Denham</i>?</p> + +<blockquote class="b1"> + + <p>"He [Sir John Denham] now resided in France, as one of the followers + of the exiled king; and, to divert <!-- Page 476 --><span + class="pagenum"><a name="page476"></a>{476}</span> the melancholy of + their condition, was sometimes enjoined by his master to write occasional + verses; one of which amusements was probably his ode or song upon the + Embassy to Poland, by which he and Lord Crofts procured a contribution of + ten thousand pounds from the Scotch, that wandered over that kingdom. + Poland was at that time very much frequented by itinerant traders, who, + in a country of very little commerce and of great extent, where every man + resided on his own estate, contributed very much to the accommodation of + life, by bringing to every man's house those little necessaries which it + was very inconvenient to want, and very troublesome to fetch. I have + formerly read, without much reflection, of the multitude of Scotchmen + that travelled with their wares in Poland; and that their numbers were + not small, the success of this negociation gives sufficient + evidence."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>The title of Denham's poem is "On my Lord Crofts' and my journey into + Poland, from whence we brought 10,000<i>l.</i> for his Majesty by the + decimation of his Scottish subjects there."</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Peter Cunningham</span>. + +<hr class="full" > + +<h3>BISHOP JUXON AND WALTON'S POLYGLOTT BIBLE.</h3> + + <p>In the library at this island, which formerly belonged to the Knights + of Malta, there is an edition of Walton's Polyglott Bible, which was + published in London in 1657. This work is in a most perfect state of + preservation.</p> + + <p>On the title-page of the first of the eleven volumes, there is + written, in a bold and perfectly legible manner, the following words:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1"> + + <p>"Liber Coll. Di Joannis Bapt<sup>a</sup> Oxon Ex dono Reverendiss. in + Xt<sup>o</sup> Patris Gvil<sup>i</sup> Jvxon Archiep. Cantvariensis. + A<sup>o</sup> D<sup>ni</sup> 1663."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>Just below, but on the right of the above, there is written in a clear + hand as follows:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1"> + + <p>"Ex Libris domus Abbatialis S. Antonij Viennensis, Catalogo Inscript + an. 1740. No. 11."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>That the question which I shall ask at the end of this Note may be the + more easily answered, it will perhaps be necessary for me to state, that + in the year 1777, Rohan, the Grand Master of the Knights of Malta, + succeeded in annexing the property belonging to the Order of St. Antonio + de Vienna to that of Malta. In accepting of these estates, which were + situated in France and Savoy, Rohan bound himself to pay the many + mortgages and debts with which they were encumbered; and so large an + amount had to be thus defrayed, that for a hundred years the convent + would not be reimbursed for its advances, and receive the 120,000 livres, + at which sum their annual rental would then be valued. Of the foundation + of this Order a recent writer (Thornton) thus remarks:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1"> + + <p>"In 1095 some nobles of Dauphiny united for the relief of sufferers + from a kind of leprosy called St. Anthony's fire, which society, in 1218, + was erected into a religious body of Hospitallers, having a grand master + for chief. This order, after many changes in its constitution, having + been left the option between extinction and secularisation, or union with + another order, accepted the latter alternative, and selected that of St. + John of Jerusalem."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>Among the moveable effects which came to the Knights of Malta by this + arrangement, was a small and well-selected library, and in it this + edition of Walton's Bible.</p> + + <p>Without, therefore, writing more at length on this subject, which + might take up too much space in "N. & Q.," I would simply add, that + my attention was called to this work by the Rev. Mr. Howe, chaplain of + H.B.M. ship "Britannia," and for the purpose of asking, At what time, by + whom, and in what manner, were these volumes removed from St. John's + College at Oxford, and transferred to the library of the Order of St. + Antonio de Vienna in France?</p> + + <p class="author">W. W. + + <p class="address">La Valetta, Malta. + +<hr class="full" > + +<h2>Minor Queries.</h2> + + <p><i>Was Andrew Marvell poisoned?</i>—I have just been reading the + three ponderous quarto volumes comprising <i>The Works</i> of Andrew + Marvell, as collected and edited by his townsman, Capt. Edward Thompson + of Hull. In the "Life," near the end of vol. iii., we are told that the + patriot died on Aug. 16, 1678, "and by poison for he was healthful and + vigorous to the moment he was seized with the premeditated ruin." And + again, in a summary of his merits, we are told that "all these patriot + virtues were insufficient to guard him against the jesuitical + machinations of the <i>state</i>; for what vice and bribery could not + influence, was perpetrated by poison." This heinous crime, so formally + averred against the enemies of Marvell, may have been committed by "some + person or persons unknown;" but, as not a tittle of evidence is adduced + or indicated by the zealous biographer in support of the + charge—Query, had it any foundation in fact? In the court, and out + of the court, the anti-popish, anti-prelatical Puritan had enemies + numerous and bitter enough; but is there really any other ground for the + abominable imputation of foul play alluded to, beyond his actually sudden + death? Is the hypothesis of poison coeval with the date of Marvell's + demise? If so, was there any official inquiry—any "crowner's + quest?" Surely his admiring compatriots on the banks of the Humber did + not at once quietly sit down with the conviction, that <i>thus</i> "fell + one of the first characters of this kingdom or of any other."</p> + + <p class="author">H. + + <p><i>Anonymous Pamphlet by Dr. Wallis</i> (Vol. vii., p. + 403.).—Will <span class="sc">Mr. Crossley</span> have the kindness + to give the title of the anonymous pamphlet which, he informs us, was + published by Dr. John Wallis <!-- Page 477 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page477"></a>{477}</span> in defence of the Oxford decree of 1695, + on the subject of the Trinity?</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Tyro</span>. + + <p class="address">Dublin. + + <p><i>Mrs. Cobb's Diary.</i>—Can any of your readers give me any + information as to the following book, <i>Extracts from the Diary and + Letters of Mrs. Mary Cobb</i>: London, printed by C. and R. Baldwin, + 1805, 8vo., pp. 324.; said to be <i>privately printed</i>?</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">John Martin</span>. + + <p class="address">Roxfield, Bedfordshire. + + <p><i>Compass Flower.</i>—</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Look at this delicate flower that lifts its head from the meadow—</p> + <p>See how its leaves all point to the north, as true as the magnet;</p> + <p>It is the compass flower, that the finger of God has suspended</p> + <p>Here on its fragile stalk, to direct the traveller's journey</p> + <p>Over the sea-like, pathless, limitless waste of the desert."</p> + <p class="i6"><i>Evangeline</i>, Part II. <span class="scac">IV</span>. line 140., &c.</p> + </div> + </div> + <p>Where can I find a description of this flower, and what is its + scientific name?</p> + + <p>In Abercrombie's <i>Intellectual Powers</i>, p. 49. edit. 1846, I find + the following passage:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1"> + + <p>"The American hunter finds his way in the trackless forests by + attention to minute appearances in the trees, which indicate to him the + points of the compass."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>Can any one tell me what these "minute appearances" are?</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">A. H. Battier</span>. + + <p class="address">East Sheen, Surrey. + + <p><i>Nuns of the Hotel Dieu.</i>—What is the religions habit of + the nuns at the hospital of the Hotel Dieu in Paris at the present + day?</p> + + <p class="author">M. L. + + <p><i>Purlieu.</i>—Some of your correspondents seem afraid that an + attempt to repair the deficiencies of our English dictionaries, by + research into disputed etymologies in "N. & Q.," would tend to + produce too much and too tedious discussion, and fill its space too much. + Could <i>this</i>, at least, not be done without much objection? Could we + not co-operate in finding the earliest known mention of words, and thus + perhaps trace the occasion and manner of their introduction?</p> + + <p>At any rate, this word <i>purlieu</i> is certainly in want of some + examination. Johnson has adopted the wretched etymology of <i>pur</i>, + Fr. for pure, and <i>lieu</i>, Fr. for place; and he defines it as a + place on the outskirts of a forest free of wood.</p> + + <p>The earliest record in which this word occurs, so far as I have seen, + is in an act of Edward III., quoted by Manwood, and it is there spelt + <i>puraley</i>; and it relates to the disafforested parts which several + preceding kings permitted to be detached from their royal forests.</p> + + <p>Might I ask if any of your correspondents find an earlier use of the + word; and can it be gifted with a probable paternity?</p> + + <p>The tracing of the earliest known mention of disputed words is a task + capable of being finished, and might perhaps be attended, in many cases, + with happy results. It would rid us probably of many puerilities which + degrade our current dictionaries.</p> + + <p class="author">M. C. E. + + <p><i>Jennings Family.</i>—Some time since I requested as a great + favour that your correspondent <span class="sc">Percuriosus</span> would + kindly inform me where I could get a sight of the Spoure MSS. I repeat + that I should feel greatly obliged if he would do so: and as this is of + no public interest, I send postage envelope, in the event of <span + class="sc">Percuriosus</span> obliging me with the desired + information.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">J. Jennings-G.</span> + + <p><i>Latimer's Brothers-in-Law.</i>—In Bishop Latimer's first + sermon, preached before King Edward VI., we find the quaint martyr-bishop + magnifying the paternal prudence for having suitably "married his sisters + with five pounds, or twenty nobles, apiece;" but neither the editors of + the sermon, nor the writers of several biographical notices of Latimer + consulted by me, and in which the extract appears, give any account of + the fortunate gentlemen whom the generous parent thus doubly blessed with + his twofold treasure.</p> + + <p>Can you, or any of your readers, oblige by furnishing the <i>names</i> + of Bishop Latimer's brothers-in-law, or by giving some references or + brief account of them?</p> + + <p class="author"><b>* *</b> + + <p><i>Autobiographical Sketch.</i>—A fragment came into my + possession some time ago, among a quantity of waste paper in which books + were wrapped, which, from the singularity of its contents, I felt + desirous to trace to the book of which it forms a part, but my research + has hitherto proved unsuccessful. It consists of two leaves of a large + octavo sheet, probably published some twenty years back, and is headed + "Autobiographical Sketch of the Editor." It commences with the words: + "The Commissioners of the Poor Laws will understand me, when I say, that + I was born at Putney, in Surrey." The pages are of course not + consecutive: so after an allusion to the wanderings of the writer, I have + nothing more up to p. 7., at which is an account of a supposed plot + against the lord mayor and sheriffs, concocted by him with the assistance + of some school-boy coadjutors; the object of which appears to have been, + to overturn the state-coach of the civic functionary, as it ascended + Holborn Hill, by charging it with a hackney coach, in which sat the + writer and certain widows armed with bolsters in pink satin bags. The + word having been given to "Charge!" this new kind of war-chariot was + driven down the hill at full speed, gunpowder ignited on its roof, and + blazing squibs protruded <!-- Page 478 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page478"></a>{478}</span> through its back, sides, and front. The + ingenious author declares that the onslaught was crowned with complete + success; but here, most unfortunately, the sheet ends: and unless you, + Mr. Editor, or some of your correspondents, will kindly help me to the + rest of the narrative, I must, I fear return unexperienced to my grave. I + have omitted to mention, that the date of this event is given as the 4th + of July, 1799.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Cheverells.</span> + + <p><i>Schonbornerus.</i>—Can any of your readers give me + information about a book I became possessed of by chance a short time + ago, or tell me anything respecting its author, for whom I have vainly + sought biographical dictionaries? The volume is a duodecimo, and bears + the following title-page:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1"> + + <p>"Georgii Schonborneri Politicorum, Libri Septem. Editio ad ipsius + Authoris emendatum Exemplar nunc primum vulgata. Amsterodami: apud L. + Elzevirium, anno 1642."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>It is written in Latin, and contains as many quotations as the + <i>Anatomy of Melancholy</i>, or Mr. Digby's <i>Broad Stone of + Honour</i>.</p> + + <p class="author">H. A. B. + + <p><i>Symbol of Globe and Cross.</i>—Can any one oblige me with an + explanation of the mysterious symbols on a seal not older than the last + century? It contains a globe, bearing a cross upon it, and a winged heart + above, with the legend "<i>Pour vous</i>."</p> + + <p class="author">C. T. + + <p><i>Booth Family.</i>—Can any of your Lancashire correspondents + afford information bearing on the families of Booth of Salford, and + Lightbown of Manchester? Is any pedigree extant of either of these + families, and what arms did they bear? Humphrey Booth founded, I believe, + a church in Salford about the year 1634, the patronage of which still + remains, as it might seem, in the family, the <i>Clergy List</i> + describing it as in the gift of Sir R. G. Booth.</p> + + <p>There is a Booth Hall in Blackley, a small village lying by the road + side, between Manchester and Middleton; and from the <i>inquisitio post + mortem</i> of Humphrey Booth, 12 Car. I., it appears that he died seised + of lands in Blackley as well as Salford.</p> + + <p>Is there any evidence to connect him with this hall, as the place of + his residence?</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">A Jesuit.</span> + + <p class="address">Jesus College, Cambridge. + + <p><i>Ennui.</i>—What is our nearest approach to a correct + rendering of this expression? Some English writer (Lady Morgan, I + believe) has defined it "mental lukewarmness:" but, if it be true, as + La-Motte Houdart says, that—</p> + +<blockquote class="b1"> + + <p>"L'ennui naquit un jour de l'uniformité."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>the above definition would seem to indicate rather the cause of + <i>ennui</i> than <i>ennui</i> itself.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Henry H. Breen.</span> + + <p class="address">St. Lucia. + + <p><i>Bankruptcy Records.</i>—Where can I search for evidence of a + bankruptcy, probably about 1654? The Chief Registrar's indices do not go + back nearly so far.</p> + + <p class="author">J. K. + + <p><i>Golden Bees.</i>—Napoleon I. and II. are said to have had + their imperial robes embroidered with golden bees, as claiming official + descent from Carolus Magnus. Query, what is the authority for this + heraldic distinction, said to have been assumed by Charlemagne?</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">James Graves.</span> + + <p class="address">Kilkenny. + + <p><i>The Grindstone Oak.</i>—Can any of your topographical + correspondents state what is the earliest mention made of an oak tree + well known in this part of the country, and the destruction of which by + fire, on the 5th of November, 1849, was the subject of regret to all who + had seen or heard of it? It was called the <i>Grindstone Oak</i>, and had + been a denizen of the forest of Alice Holt, as many suppose, since the + days of the Confessor. It measured thirty-four feet in circumference, at + the height of seven feet from the ground; and is mentioned by Gilbert + White, in his <i>History of Selborne</i>, as "the great oak in the Holt, + which is deemed by Mr. Marsham to be the biggest in this island."</p> + + <p class="author">L. L. L. + + <p class="address">Near Selborne, Hants. + + <p><i>Hogarth.</i>—About the year 1746, Mr. Hogarth painted a + portrait of himself and wife: he afterwards cut the canvass through, and + presented the half containing his own portrait to a gentleman in + Yorkshire.</p> + + <p>If any of your numerous readers are in possession of any portrait of + Mr. Hogarth, about three feet in length, and one foot eight inches wide, + or are aware of the existence of such a portrait, they will confer a + favour by addressing a line to</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">J. Phillips</span>,<br /> +5. Torrington Place, London. + + <p><i>Adamsons of Perth.</i>—Can any of your Scottish + correspondents inform me what relationship existed between Patrick + Adamson, titular Archbishop of St. Andrew's, and the two learned + brothers, Henry Adamson, author of the <i>Muses' Threnodie</i>, and John + Adamson, principal of the college at Edinburgh, and editor of the + <i>Muses' Welcome</i>; and whether any existing family claims to be + descended from them? They were all born at Perth. Henry and John were the + sons of James Adamson, a merchant and magistrate of the fair city. + Probably the archbishop was a brother of this James Adamson, and son of + Patrick Adamson, who was Dean of the Guild when John Knox preached his + famous sermon at St. John's. Mariota, a daughter of the archbishop, is + said by Burke to have married Sir Michael <!-- Page 479 --><span + class="pagenum"><a name="page479"></a>{479}</span> Balfour, Bart., of + Nortland Castle Orkney. Another daughter would appear to have become the + wife of Thomas Wilson, or Volusenus, as he calls himself, the editor of + his father-in-law's poems and other publications.</p> + + <p class="author">E. H. A. + + <p><i>Cursitor Barons of the Exchequer.</i>—Will you allow me to + repeat a question which you inserted in Vol. v., p. 346., as to a list of + these officers, and any account of their origin and history? Surely some + of your correspondents, devoted to legal antiquities, can give note a + clue to the labyrinth which Madox has not ventured to enter. The office + still exists—with peculiar duties which are still + performed—and we know that it is an ancient one; all sufficient + grounds for inquiry, which I trust will meet with some response.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Edward Foss</span>. + + <p><i>Syriac Scriptures.</i>—I am very anxious to know what + editions of the Scriptures in Syriac (the <i>Peshito</i>) were published + between Leusden and Schaaf's New Testament, and the entire Bible in 1816 + by the Bible Society.</p> + + <p class="author">B. H. C. + +<hr class="full" > + +<h2>Replies.</h2> + +<h3>PSALMANAZAR.</h3> + +<p class="cenhead">(Vol. vii., pp. 206. 435.)</p> + + <p>Having long felt a great respect for this person, and a great interest + in all that concerns his history, I am induced to mention the grounds on + which I have been led to doubt whether the letter in the <i>Gentleman's + Magazine</i>, to which <span class="sc">Mr. Crossley</span> refers, is + worthy of credit. When I first saw it, I considered it as so valuable an + addition to the information which I had collected on the subject, that I + was anxious to know who was the writer. It had no signature; but the + date, "Sherdington, June, 1704," which was retained, gave me a clue + which, by means not worth detailing, led me to the knowledge that what + thus appeared in the <i>Gentleman's Magazine</i> for February, 1765, had + issued from "Curll's chaste press" more than thirty years before, in the + form of a letter from the person now known in literary history as + "Curll's Corinna," but by her cotemporaries (see the index of Mr. + Cunningham's excellent <i>Handbook of London</i>) as Mrs. Elizabeth + Thomas, sometime of Dyot Street, St. Giles's, and afterwards of a + locality not precisely ascertained, but within the rules of the Fleet, + and possibly (though Mr. Cunningham does not corroborate this) at some + period of her life resident in the more genteel quarters which Curll + assigns to her. To speak more strictly, and make the matter intelligible + to any one who may look at it in the Magazine, I should add that the + first paragraph (seventeen lines, on p. 78., dated from "Sherdington," + and beginning "I dined," says the letter writer, "last Saturday with Sir + John Guise, at Gloucester") is part of a letter purporting to be written + by her lover; while all the remainder (on pp. 79-81.) is from Corinna's + answer to it.</p> + + <p>The worthless and forgotten work of which these letters form a part, + consists of two volumes. The copy which I borrowed when I discovered what + I have stated, consisted of a first volume of the second edition (1736), + and a second volume of the first edition (1732). The title of the second + volume (which I give as belonging to the earlier edition) is:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1"> + + <p>"The Honourable Lovers: or, the second and last Volume of Pylades and + Corinna. Being the remainder of Love Letters, and other Pieces (in Verse + and Prose), which passed between Richard Gwinnett, Esq.; of Great + Shurdington, in Gloucestershire, and Mrs. Elizabeth Thomas, Jun., of + Great Russel Street, Bloomsbury. To which is added, a Collection of + familiar Letters between Corinna, Mr. Norris, Capt. Hemington, Lady + Chudleigh, Lady Pakington, &c. &c. All faithfully published from + their original Manuscripts. London: printed in the Year <span + class="scac">M.DCC.XXXII.</span> (Price 5<i>s.</i>)"</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>The title-page of the first volume (second edition) differs + principally in having the statement that the book was "printed for E. + Curll" (whose name does not appear in the earlier second volume, though + perhaps it may have done so in the first of that earlier edition), and an + announcement that the fidelity of the publication is "attested, by Sir + Edward Northey, Knight."</p> + + <p>The work is a farrago of low rubbish utterly beneath criticism; and I + should perhaps hardly think it worth while to say as much as I have said + of it, had it not been that, in turning it about, I could not help + feeling a suspicion that Daniel Defoe's hand was in the matter, at least + so far as that papers that had belonged to him might have come into + Curll's hands, and furnished materials for the work. It would be tedious + to enter into details; but the question seemed to me to be one of some + interest, because, in my own mind, it was immediately followed by + another, namely, whether Daniel had not more to do than has been + suspected with the <i>History of Formosa</i>? Those who are more familiar + with Defoe than I am, will be better able to judge whether he was, as + Psalmanazar says, "the person who Englished it from my Latin;" for the + youth was as much disqualified for writing the book in English, by being + a Frenchman, as he would have been if he had been a Formosan. He + acknowledges that this person assisted him to correct improbabilities; + but I do not know that he anywhere throws further light on the question + respecting the help which he must have had. Daniel would be just the man + to correct some gross improbabilities, and at the same time help him to + some more probable fictions. Under this impression I recently inquired + (see "N. & Q.," Vol. vii., p. 305.) respecting the authorship of <!-- + Page 480 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page480"></a>{480}</span> + <i>Pylades and Corinna</i>, and the possibility that it might be the work + of Defoe; but I believe that my question has not been answered.</p> + + <p>I have already trespassed unreasonably on your columns; but still I + must beg, in justice to a man whose character, as I have said, I very + highly respect, to add one remark. When his imposture is referred to, it + is not always remembered that when he came to this country he was not his + own master. It seems that he rambled away from his home in the South of + France, when about fifteen years old; that he spent about two years in + wandering about France and Germany, and astonishing people by pretending + to be, at first a converted, and afterwards an unconverted, Formosan; + that when performing this second, pagan, character, he arrived at Sluys, + where a Scotch regiment in the Dutch service, under Brigadier Lauder, was + stationed; that the chaplain, named Innes, detected the fraud, but + instead of reproving the lad for his sin and folly, only considered how + he might turn the cheat to his own advantage, and render it conducive to + his own preferment. The abandoned miscreant actually went through the + blasphemous mockery of baptizing the youth as a convert from heathenism; + named him after the brigadier, who stood godfather: claimed credit from + the Bishop of London for his zeal; and was by the kind prelate invited to + bring his convert to London. The chaplain lost no time in accepting, was + graciously received by the bishop and the archbishop, snapped up the + first piece of preferment that would answer his views (it happened to be + the office of chaplain-general to the forces in Portugal), and made off, + leaving his convert to bear the storm which was sure to burst on him, as + best he might. That a youth thus tutored and thus abandoned, before + Johnson was born, should have lived to attract his society, and win from + him the testimony that he was "the best man" whom he had ever known, + gives him a claim to our respect, which seems to me to be strengthened by + everything which I have been able to learn respecting him.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">S. R. Maitland</span>. + + <p class="address">Gloucester. + +<hr class="full" > + +<h3>CONSECRATED ROSES, ETC.</h3> + +<p class="cenhead">(Vol. vii., p. 407.)</p> + + <p>Had G.'s Query referred solely to the consecration of <i>The Golden + Rose</i>, I might have given him a satisfactory answer by referring him + to Cartari's essay on the subject entitled <i>La Rosa d'Ora Pontificia, + &c.</i>, 4to. 1681, and to the account (with accompanying engraving) + of the <i>Rose, Sword, and Cap</i> consecrated by Julius III., and sent + by him to Philip and Mary; and to Cardinal Pole's exposition of these + Papal gifts, which are to be found in the 1st volume of F. Angeli Rocca, + <i>Opera Omnia</i> (fol. Rome, 1719). In the authors to whom I have + referred, much curious information will, however, be found. I take this + opportunity of saying, that as I am about to submit a communication on + the subject of <i>The Golden Rose</i> to the Society of Antiquaries, I + shall feel obliged by any hints which may help me to render it more + complete; and of putting on record in "N. & Q." the following + particulars of the ceremonial, as it was performed on the 6th of March + last, which I extract from the <i>Dublin Weekly Telegraph</i> of the 9th + of April.</p> + +<blockquote class="b1"> + + <p>"On Sunday, the 6th [March, 1853], the Benediction of the Golden Rose, + was, according to annual usage, performed by the Pontiff previously to + High Mass, in the Sistine Chapel, celebrated by a cardinal, at which he + assists every Sunday during Lent. To the more ancient practice of + blessing, on the fourth Sunday of 'Quaresima,' a pair of gold and silver + keys, touched with filings from the chains of St. Peter (which are still + preserved in Rome), the Holy See has substituted that of the Benediction + of the 'Rosa d'Oro,' to be presented, within the year, to some sovereign + or other potentate, who has proved well deserving of the Church. The + first positive record respecting the Golden Rose has been ascribed to the + Pontificate of Leo IX. (1049-53); but a writer in the <i>Civitta + Catolica</i> states that allusion to a census levied for its cost may be + found in the annals of a still earlier period. The Pontiffs used formerly + to present it annually to the Prefect of Rome, after singing Mass, on + this Sunday, at the Lateran, and pronouncing a homily, during which they + lifted the consecrated object in one hand whilst expounding to the people + its mystic significance. Pius II. (1458) is the last Pope recorded to + have thus preached in reference to and thus conferred the Golden Rose; + and the first foreign potentate recorded to have received it from the + Holy See is Fulk, Count of Anjou, to whom it was presented by Urban II. + in 1096. A homily of Innocent III. also contains all explanation of this + beautiful symbol—the precious metal, the balsam and musk used in + consecrating it, being taken in mystic sense as allusion to the triple + substance in the person of the Incarnate Lord—divinity, soul, and + body. It is not merely a single flower, but an entire rose-tree that is + represented—the whole about a foot in height, most delicately + wrought in fine lamina of gold. This being previously deposited between + lighted candelabra, on a table in the sacristy, is taken by the youngest + cleric of the camera, to be consigned to his Holiness, after the latter + has been vested for the solemnity, but before his assuming the mitre. + After a beautiful form of prayer, with incense and holy water, the + Pontiff then, holding the object in his hand, imparts the Benediction, + introducing into the flower which crowns the graceful stem, and is + perforated so as to provide a receptacle, balsam of Peru and powder of + musk. He then passes with the usual procession into the Sistine, still + carrying the rose in his left hand; and during the Mass it remains + beneath the crucifix over the altar. If in the course of the year no + donation of the precious object is thought advisable, the same is + consecrated afresh on the anniversary following. Some have conjectured + that the Empress of France will be selected <!-- Page 481 --><span + class="pagenum"><a name="page481"></a>{481}</span> by Pius IX. to receive + this honour in the present instance; but this is mere conjecture. On a + former occasion, it is true, the Golden Rose was conferred by him on + another crowned head of the fairer sex—one entitled to more than + common regards from the Supreme Pastor in adversity—the Queen of + Naples."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">William J. Thoms.</span> + +<hr class="full" > + +<h3>CAMPBELL'S IMITATIONS.</h3> + +<p class="cenhead">(Vol. vi., p. 505.)</p> + + <p>It is curious that two of the passages pointed out by <span + class="sc">Mr. Breen</span>, as containing borrowed ideas, are those + quoted by Alison in his recent volume (<i>Hist. Eur.</i>, vol. i. pp. + 429, 430.) to support his panegyric on Campbell, of whose "felicitous + images" he speaks with some enthusiasm.</p> + + <p>The propensity of Campbell to adapt or imitate the thoughts and + expressions of others has often struck me. Let me then suggest the + following (taken at random) as further, and I believe hitherto unnoticed, + illustrations of that propensity:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>1. "When front to front the banner'd hosts combine,</p> + <p class="i2">Halt ere they close, and form the dreadful line."</p> + <p class="i12"><i>Pleasures of Hope.</i></p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i2hg3">"When front to front the marching armies shine,</p> + <p class="i2">Halt ere they meet, and form the lengthening line."</p> + <p class="i12">Pope, <i>Battle of Frogs and Mice</i>.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p>2. "As sweep the shot stars down the troubled sky."</p> + <p class="i12"><i>Pleasures of Hope.</i></p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i2hg3">"And rolls low thunder thro' <i>the troubled sky</i>."</p> + <p class="i12">Pope, <i>Frogs and Mice</i>.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p>3. "With meteor-standard to the winds unfurl'd."</p> + <p class="i12"><i>Pleasures of Hope.</i></p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i2hg3">"The imperial <i>standard</i> which full high advanc'd,</p> + <p class="i2">Shone <i>like a meteor</i> streaming <i>to the wind</i>."</p> + <p class="i12">Milton, <i>Par. Lost</i>, i. 535.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p>4. "The dying man to Sweden turn'd his eye,</p> + <p class="i2">Thought of his home, and clos'd it with a sigh."</p> + <p class="i12"><i>Pleasures of Hope.</i></p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i2hg3">"Sternitur infelix alieno vulnere, cœlumque</p> + <p class="i2">Aspicit, <i>et dulces moriens reminiscitur Argos</i>."</p> + <p class="i12">Virgil, <i>Æn.</i>, x. 782.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p>5. "... Red meteors flash'd along the sky,</p> + <p class="i2">And conscious Nature shudder'd at the cry."</p> + <p class="i12"><i>Pleasures of Hope.</i></p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i2hg3">"... <i>Fulsere ignes, et conscius</i> æther."</p> + <p class="i12">Virgil, <i>Æn.</i>, iv. 167.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p>6. "In hollow winds he hears a spirit moan."</p> + <p class="i12"><i>Pleasures of Hope.</i></p> + </div> + </div> + <p>Shakespeare has the <i>hollow whistling</i> of the southern + <i>wind</i>.</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>7. "The strings of Nature crack'd with agony."</p> + <p class="i12"><i>Pleasures of Hope.</i></p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i2hg3">"His <i>grief</i> grew puissant. and <i>the strings of life</i></p> + <p class="i2">Began <i>to crack</i>."—Shakspeare, <i>King Lear</i>.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p>8. "The fierce extremes of good and ill to brook."</p> + <p class="i12"><i>Gertrude of Wyoming.</i></p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i2hg3">"... And feel by turns the bitter change</p> + <p class="i2">Of <i>fierce extremes, extremes</i> by change more <i>fierce</i>."</p> + <p class="i12">Milton, <i>Par. Lost</i>, ii. 599.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p>9. "His tassell'd horn beside him laid."</p> + <p class="i12"><i>O'Connor's Child.</i></p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i2hg3">"... Ere th' odorous breath of morn</p> + <p class="i2">Awakes the slumbering leaves, or <i>tassell'd horn</i></p> + <p class="i2">Shakes the high thicket."—Milton, <i>Arcades</i>.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p>10. "The scented wild-weeds and enamell'd moss."</p> + <p class="i12"><i>Theodric.</i></p> + </div> + </div> + <p>Campbell thinks it necessary to explain this latter epithet in a note: + "The moss of Switzerland, as well as that of the Tyrol, is remarkable for + a bright smoothness approaching to the appearance of enamel." And yet was + no one, or both, of the following passages floating in his brain when his + pen traced the line?</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"O'er the <i>smooth enamell'd green</i></p> + <p>Where no print of sleep hath been."</p> + <p class="i12">Milton, <i>Arcades</i>.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Here blushing Flora paints <i>th' enamell'd ground</i>."</p> + <p class="i12">Pope, <i>Winsdor Forest</i>.</p> + </div> + </div> + <p class="author">W. T. M. + + <p class="address">Hong Kong. + +<hr class="full" > + +<h3>"THE HANOVER RAT."</h3> + +<p class="cenhead">(Vol. vii. p. 206.)</p> + + <p><i>An Essay on Irish Bulls</i> is said to have found its way into a + catalogue of works upon natural history; with which precedent in my + favour, and pending the inquiries of <i>naturalists</i>, + <i>ratcatchers</i>, and <i>farmers</i> into the history of the + above-named formidable invader, I hope <span class="sc">Mr. + Hibberd</span> will have no objection to my intruding a bibliographical + curiosity under the convenient head he has opened for it in "N. & + Q."</p> + + <p>My book, then, bears the appropriate title, <i>An Attempt towards a + Natural History of the Hanover Rat, dedicated to P***m M******r, M.D., + and S——y to the Royal Society</i>, 8vo., pp. 24.: London, + 1744.</p> + + <p>The writer of this curious piece takes his <i>cue</i> from that + remarkable production, <i>An Attempt towards a Natural History of the + Polype</i>, 1743; in which the learned Mr. Henry Baker, in a letter to + Martin Folkes, of 218 pages, 8vo., illustrated by a profusion of + woodcuts, elaborately describes this link between the animal and + vegetable creation, and the experiments he practised upon the same: + commencing with "cutting off a polype's head," and so on through a series + of scientific barbarities upon his <i>little creature</i>, which ended + only in "turning a polype inside out!"</p> + + <p>Following the plan of Mr. Baker, the anonymous author of <i>The + Hanover Rat</i> tells us, that, after thirty years' laborious research, + he had <!-- Page 482 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page482"></a>{482}</span> satisfied himself that this animal was + not a native of these islands: "I cannot," he says, "particularly mark + the date of its first appearance, yet I think it is within the memory of + man;" and finding favour in its original <i>mine affamée</i> state with a + few of the most starved and hungry of the English rats from the common + sewer, he proceeds to show that it <i>did</i> extirpate the natives; but + whether this is the best account, or whether the facts of the case as + here set forth will satisfy your correspondent, is another thing. + According to <i>my</i> authority, the aboriginal rat was, at the period + of writing, sorely put to it to maintain his ground against the invading + colonists and their unnatural allies the <i>providers</i>; and the + present work seems to have been an effort on the part of one in the + interest of the former to awaken them to a sense of their danger. In his + laudable attempts to rally their courage, this advocate reminds them of a + similar crisis when their country was infested with a species of frog + called <i>Dutch frogs</i>: "which no sooner," says he, "began to be + mischievous, than its growth and progress was stopped by the natives." + "Had we," he continues, "but the same public spirit with our ancestors, + we need not complain to-day of being eaten up by <i>rats</i>. Our country + is the same, but alas! we feel no more the same affection for it." In + this way he stimulates the invaded to a combined attack upon the common + enemy, and we need not tell <i>our</i> readers how successfully, nor how + desperate the struggle, the very next year; which ended in the complete + ascendancy of the <i>Hanover rat</i>, or reigning family, over the + unlucky Jacobite native. Under his figure of a rat, this Jacobite is very + scurrilous indeed upon the Hanoverian succession; and, continuing his + <i>polypian</i> imitations, relates a few coarse experiments upon <i>his + subject</i> illustrative of its destructive properties, voracity, and + sagacity, which set at nought "all the contrivances of the farmer to + defend his barns; the trailer his warehouse; the gentleman his land; or + the inferior people their cup-boards and small beer cellars. No bars or + bolts can keep them out, nor can any gin or trap lay hold of them."</p> + + <p>Luckily for us living in these latter days, we can extract amusement + from topics of this nature, which would have subjected our forefathers to + severe pains and penalties; and looking at the character and mischievous + tendency of <i>The Hanover Rat</i>, I am curious to know if Mary Cooper, + the publisher, was put under surveillance for her share in its + production; for to me it appears a more aggravated libel upon the + reigning family than that of the <i>Norfolk Prophecy</i>—for the + publication of which, Boswell says, the great Samuel Johnson had to play + at hide and seek with the officers of justice.</p> + + <p>The advent of both Pretenders was preceded by <i>straws</i> like these + cast out by their adherents, to try <i>how the current set</i>. The + present <i>jeu d'esprit</i>, however, is a double-shotted one: for, not + content with tampering with the public allegiance, this aboriginal rat + seems more innocently enjoying a laugh at the Royal Society, and its + ingenious <i>fellow</i> Mr. Baker, in as far as regards the aforesaid + elaborate treatise upon <i>polypes</i>.</p> + + <p class="author">J. O. + +<hr class="full" > + +<h3>FONT INSCRIPTIONS.</h3> + +<p class="cenhead">(Vol. vii., p. 408.)</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Mr. Ellacombe</span> desires examples of these. I can + supply the following:—</p> + + <p>At Bradley, Lincolnshire, is a very large font, of the Decorated + period, with this inscription round the bowl in black letter:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1"> + + <p>"Pater Noster, Ave Maria, and Criede, leren ye chyld yt es nede."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>This is an early instance of the use of <i>English</i> for + inscriptions. The sketch was engraved in the work on <i>Baptismal + Fonts</i>.</p> + + <p>At Threckingham, Lincolnshire, I believe I succeeded in deciphering an + inscription round the font, which was said to have been previously + studied in vain. It is somewhat defaced; but in all probability the words + are,—</p> + +<blockquote class="b1"> + + <p>"Ave Maria gracia p... d... t..."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p><i>i. e.</i> of course, "plena, dominus tecum." The bowl of the font + is Early English; but the base, round which the inscription runs, appears + to be of the fifteenth century.</p> + + <p>At Burgate, Suffolk, an inscription in black letter is incised on the + upper step of the font:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1"> + + <p>"[Orate pro an—b'] Will'mi Burgate militis et d<span + class="over">n</span>e Elionore uxoris eius qui istum fontem fieri + fecerunt."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>Sir William Burgate died in 1409. It is engraved in the <i>Proceedings + of the Bury and West Suffolk Archæological Institute</i>.</p> + + <p>At Caistor, by Norwich:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1"> + + <p>"Orate pro animab ... liis ... ici de Castre."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>At Walsoken, Norfolk:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1"> + + <p>"Remember the soul of S. Honyter and Margaret his wife, and John + Beforth, Chaplain."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>with the date 1544.</p> + + <p>At Gaywood, Norfolk, is a font of Gothic design, lust probably of + post-Reformation date. On four of the eight sides of the bowl are these + inscriptions:</p> + + +<table width="62%" class="nob" summary="Font inscriptions from Gaywood" title="Font inscriptions from Gaywood"> + <tr> + <td class="nob" style="text-align:center; width:50%"> + <p>"QVI . CREDIDE<br /> RIT . ET . BAPTI<br /> ZATVS . FVERIT<br /> + SALVVS . ERIT."<br /> + </p> + </td> + <td class="nob" style="text-align:center; width:50%"> + <p>"VOCE . PATER<br /> NATUS . CORPORE<br /> FLAMEN . AVE.<br /> MAT. + 3."<br /> + </p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nob" style="text-align:center"> + <p>"CHRISTVM . IN<br /> DVISTIS . QVOT<br /> QVOT . BAPTI<br /> ZATI + . ESTIS."</p> + </td> + <td class="nob" style="text-align:center"> + <p>"I . AM . THY . GOD<br /> AND . THE . GOD<br /> OF . THY . + SEEDE.<br /> + GEN."</p> + </td> + </tr> +</table> + +<p><!-- Page 483 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page483"></a>{483}</span></p> + + <p>At Tilney, All Saints, Norfolk, is an inscribed font so similar to the + one last mentioned that they are probably the works of the same + designer.</p> + + <p>On the <i>cover</i> of the font at Southacre, Norfolk, is this + inscription:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1"> + + <p>"Orate p. aia. M<span class="over">r</span>i. Ri<span + class="over">c</span>i. Gotts et d<span class="over">n</span>i Galfridi + baker, Rectoris huj' [ecclīe qui hoc] opus fieri + fece<sup>t</sup>."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>I may take the opportunity of adding two <i>pulpit</i> inscriptions; + one at Utterby, Lincolnshire, on the sounding-board:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Quoties conscendo animo contimesco."</p> + </div> + </div> + <p>The other at Swarby, in the same county:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"O God my Saviour be my sped,</p> + <p>To preach thy word, men's soulls to fed."</p> + </div> + </div> + <p class="author">C. R. M. + +<hr class="full" > + +<h3>IRISH RHYMES—ENGLISH PROVINCIALISMS—LOWLAND SCOTCH.</h3> + +<p class="cenhead">(Vol. vi., pp. 605, 606.)</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Mr. Bede</span>, who first called attention to a + class of rhymes which he denominated "Irish," seems to take it ill that I + have dealt with his observations as somewhat "hypercritical." I + acknowledge the justness of his criticism; but I did, and must still, + demur to the propriety of calling certain false rhymes peculiarly + <i>Irish</i>, when I am able to produce similes from poets of celebrity, + who cannot stand excused by <span class="sc">Mr. Bede's</span> + explanation, that the rhymes in question "made music for their Irish + ear." If, as he tells us, <span class="sc">Mr. Bede</span> was not "blind + to similar imperfections in English poets," I am yet to learn why he + should fix on "Swift's Irishisms," and call those errors a national + peculiarity, when he finds them so freely scattered through the standard + poetry of England?</p> + + <p>Your correspondent J. H. T. suggests a new direction for inquiry on + this subject when he conjectures that the pronunciation now called + <i>Irish</i> was, "during the first half of the eighteenth century, the + received pronunciation of the most correct speakers of the day;" and + <span class="sc">Mr. Bede</span> himself suggests that + <i>provincialisms</i> may sometimes modify the rhymes of even so correct + a versifier as Tennyson. I hope some of your contributors will have + "drunk so deep of the well of English undefiled" as to be competent to + address themselves to this point of inquiry. I cannot pretend to do much, + being but a shallow philologist; yet, since I received your last Number, + I have lighted on a passage in that volume of "omnifarious information" + Croker's <i>Boswell</i>, which will not be deemed inapplicable.</p> + + <p>Boswell, during a sojourn at Lichfield in 1776, expressed a doubt as + to the correctness of Johnson's eulogy on his townsmen, as "speaking the + purest English," and instanced several provincial sounds, such as + <i>there</i> pronounced like <i>fear</i>, <i>once</i> like <i>woonse</i>. + On this passage are a succession of notes: Burney observes, that "David + Garrick always said <i>shupreme, shuperior</i>." Malone's note brings the + case in point to ours when he says, "This is still the vulgar + pronunciation in Ireland; the pronunciation in Ireland is doubtless that + which generally prevailed in England in the time of Queen Elizabeth." And + Mr. Croker sums up the case thus:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1"> + + <p>"No doubt the English settlers carried over, and may have in some + cases preserved, the English idiom and accent of their day. Bishop + Kearny, as well as his friend Mr. Malone, thought that the most + remarkable peculiarity of Irish pronunciation, as in <i>say</i> for + <i>sea</i>, <i>tay</i> for <i>tea</i>, was <i>the English mode, even down + to the reign of Queen Anne</i>; and there are rhymes in Pope, and more + frequently in Dryden, that countenance that opinion. But rhymes cannot be + depended upon for minute identity of sound."—Croker's <i>Notes</i>, + <span class="scac">A.D.</span> 1776.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>If this explanation be adopted, it will account for the examples I + have been furnishing, and others which I find even among the harmonious + rhymes of Spenser (he might, however, have caught the brogue in Ireland); + yet am I free to own that to me popular pronunciation scarcely justifies + the committing to paper such loose rhymes as ought to grate on that + fineness of ear which is an essential faculty in the true poet; "here or + awa'," in England or Ireland, I continue to set them down to "slip-slop + composition."</p> + + <p>It may not be inappropriate to notice, that among Swift's + eccentricities, we find a propensity to "out-of-the-way rhymes." In his + works are numerous examples of couplets made apparently for no other + purpose but to show that no word could baffle him; and the anecdote of + his long research for a rhyme for the name of his old enemy Serjent + <i>Betsworth</i>, and of the curious accident by which he obtained it, is + well known; from which we may conclude that he was on the watch for + occasions of exhibiting such rhymes as <i>rakewell</i> and <i>sequel</i>, + <i>charge ye</i> and <i>clergy</i>, without supposing him ignorant that + he was guilty of "lèse majesté" against the laws of correct + pronunciation.</p> + + <p>When I asked <span class="sc">Mr. Bede's</span> decision on a + <i>palpable Cockneyism</i> in verse, I did so merely with a view, by a + "<i>tu quoque</i> pleasantry," to enliven a discussion, which I hope we + may carry on and conclude in that good humour with which I accept his + parenthetic hint, that I have made "a bull" of my Pegasus. I beg to + submit to him, that, as I read the <i>Classical Dictionary</i>, it is + from the <i>heels</i> of Pegasus the fount of poetic inspiration is + supposed to be derived; and, further, that the <i>brogue</i> is not so + <i>malapropos</i> to the <i>heel</i> as he imagines, for in Ireland the + <i>brogue</i> is in use as well to cover the <i>understanding</i> as to + <i>tip the tongue</i>. Could I enjoy the pleasure of <span class="sc">Mr. + Bede's</span> company in a stroll over my native mountains, he might find + that there are occasions on which he might be glad to put off <!-- Page + 484 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page484"></a>{484}</span> his + London-made shoe, and "to <i>wear</i> the <i>brogue</i>, though + <i>speak</i> none."</p> + + <p class="author">A. B. R. + + <p>P.S.—The <i>postscriptum</i> of J. H. T. respecting the + pronunciation of English being preserved in Scotland, goes direct to an + opinion I long since formed, that the Lowland Scotch, as we read it in + the Waverley Novels, is the only genuine unadulterated remains we have of + the Saxon language, as used before the Norman Conquest. I formed this + opinion from continually tracing what we call "braid Scotch" to its root, + in Bosworth's, and other Saxon dictionaries; and I lately found this fact + confirmed and accounted for in a passage of Verstegan, as + follows:—He tells us that after the battle of Hastings Prince Edgar + Atheling, with his sisters Margaret and Christian, retired into Scotland, + where King Malcolm married the former of these ladies; and proceeds + thus:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1"> + + <p>"As now the English court, by reason of the aboundance of Normannes + therein, became moste to speak French, so the Scottish court, because of + the queen, and the many English that came with her, began to speak + English; the which language, it would seem, King Malcolm himself had + before that learned, and now, by reason of his queen, did more affecte + it. But the English toung, in fine, prevailed more in Scotland than the + French did in England; <i>for English became the language of all the + south part of Scotland</i>, the Irish (or Gaelic) having before that been + the general language of the whole country, since remaining only in the + north."—Verstegan's <i>Restitution of Antiquities</i>, <span + class="scac">A.D.</span> 1605.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>Many of your accomplished philological readers will doubtless consider + the information of this Note trivial and puerile; but they will, I hope, + bear with a tyro in the science, in recording an original remark of his + own, borne out by an authority so decisive as Verstegan.</p> + + <p class="author">A. B. R. + +<hr class="full" > + +<h3>PICTURES BY HOGARTH.</h3> + +<p class="cenhead">(Vol. vii., pp. 339. 412.)</p> + + <p>In reply to <span class="sc">Amateur</span>, I can inform him that at + the sale of the Marlborough effects at Marlborough House about thirty + years ago, there were sold four or five small whole-lengths in oil of + members of that family. They were hardly clever enough for what Hogarth's + after-style would lead us to expect, but there were many reasons for + thinking they were by him. They came into the possession of Mr. Croker, + who presented them, as family curiosities, to the second Earl Spencer, + and they are now, I presume, in the gallery at Althorpe. One of them was + peculiarly curious as connected with a remarkable anecdote of the great + Duchess. Horace Walpole tells us in the <i>Reminiscences</i>, her + granddaughter, Lady Bateman, having persuaded her brother, the young Duke + of Marlborough, to marry a Miss Trevor without the Duchess's consent:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1"> + + <p>"The grandam's rage exceeded all bounds. Having a portrait of Lady + Bateman, she blackened the face, and then wrote on it, '<i>Now her + outside's as black as her inside.</i>'"</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>One of the portraits I speak of was of Lady Bateman, and bore on its + face evidence of having incurred some damage, for the coat of arms with + which (like all the others, and as was Hogarth's fashion) it was + ornamented in one corner, were angrily scratched out, as with a knife. + Whether this defacement gave rise to Walpole's story, or whether the face + had been also blackened with some stuff that was afterwards removed, + seems doubtful; the picture itself, according to my recollection, showed + no mark but the armorial defacement.</p> + + <p>I much wonder this style of small whole-lengths has not been more + prevalent; they give the general air and manner of the personage so much + better than the bust size can do, and they are so much more suited to the + size of our ordinary apartments.</p> + + <p class="author">C. + + <p>Referring to <span class="sc">An Amateur's</span> inquiry as to where + any pictures painted by Hogarth are to be seen, I beg to say that I have + in my possession, and should be happy to show him, the portrait of + Hogarth's wife (Sir William Thornhill's daughter), painted by + himself.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Lyndon Rolls</span>. + + <p class="address">Banbury. + + <p>The late Bishop Luscombe showed me, at Paris, in 1835, a picture of + "The Oratorio,"—a subject well known from Hogarth's etching. He + told me that he bought it at a broker's shop in the Rue St. Denis; that, + on examination, he found the frame to be English; and that, as the price + was small—thirty francs, if I remember rightly—he bought the + piece, without supposing it to be more than a copy. Sir William Knighton, + on seeing it in the bishop's collection, told him that Hogarth's original + had belonged to the Dukes of Richmond, and had been in their residence at + Paris until the first Revolution, since which time it had not been heard + of; and Sir William had no doubt that the bishop had been so fortunate as + to recover it. Perhaps some of your readers may have something to say on + this story.</p> + + <p class="author">J. C. R. + +<hr class="full" > + +<h3>PHOTOGRAPHIC CORRESPONDENCE.</h3> + + <p><i>Washing Collodion Process.</i>—In "N. & Q.," No. 153., p. + 320., your valued correspondent <span class="sc">Dr. Diamond</span> + states "that up to the <i>final</i> period of the operation, no washing + of the plate is requisite. It prevents, rather than assists, the + necessary chemical action.".</p> + + <p>Now, in all other instructions I have yet seen, it is directed to wash + off the iron, or other developing solution, <i>prior</i> to immersing in + the hypo., and after <!-- Page 485 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page485"></a>{485}</span> such immersion, again to wash well in + water. I shall feel greatly obliged if <span class="sc">Dr.</span> D. + will be kind enough to state whether the first-named washing is + requisite, or whether the properties of the hypo., or the beauty of the + picture, will be in any way injured by the previous solutions <i>not</i> + having been washed off, prior to the fixings.</p> + + <p class="author">C. W. + +<div class="note"> + <p>[We have submitted this Query to <span class="sc">Dr. Diamond</span>, + who informs us that he never adopts the practice of washing off the + developing fluid, and considers it not only needless, but sometimes + prejudicial, as when such washing has not been resorted to, the + hyposulphite solution flows more readily over the picture, and causes + none of the unpleasant stains which frequently occur in pictures which + have been previously washed, especially if hard water has been used. But + besides this, and the saving of time, the doing away with this + unnecessary washing economises water, which in out-door practice is often + a great consideration. <span class="sc">Dr. Diamond</span> would again + impress upon our readers the advantage of using the hyposulphite over and + over again, merely keeping up its full strength by the addition of fresh + crystals of the salt from time to time, as such practice produces + pictures of whiter and softer tone than are ever produced by the raw + solution.]</p> + +</div> + + <p><i>Colouring Collodion Pictures</i> (Vol. vii., p. 388.)—A + patent has just been taken out (dated September 23, 1852) for this + purpose, by Mons. J. L. Tardieu, of Paris. He terms his process + <i>tardiochromy</i>. It consists in applying oil or other colours at the + back of the pictures, so as to give the requisite tints to the several + parts of the photograph, without at all interfering with its extreme + delicacy. It may even, in some cases, be used to remedy defects in the + photographic picture. The claim is essentially for the application of + colours at the back, instead of on the surface of photographs, whatever + kind of colours may be used. It is therefore, of course, applicable only + to photographs taken on paper, glass, or some transparent material.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">A. C. Wilson</span>. + + <p><i>Wanted, a simple Test for a good Lens.</i>—As all writers on + Photography agree that the first great essential for successful practice + is a good lens—that is to say, a lens of which the visual and + chemical foci coincide—can any of the scientific readers of "N. + & Q." point out any simple test by which unscientific parties + desirous of practising photography may be enabled to judge of the + goodness of a lens? A country gentleman, like myself, may purchase a lens + from an eminent house, with an assurance that it is everything that can + be desired (and I am <i>not</i> putting an imaginary case), and may + succeed in getting beautiful images upon his focussing-glass, but very + unsatisfactory pictures; and it may not be until he has almost abandoned + photography, in despair at his own want of skill, that he has the + opportunity of showing his apparatus, manipulation, &c. to some more + practised hand, who is enabled to prove that <i>the lens was not + capable</i> of doing what the vendors stated it could do. Surely + scientific men must know of a simple test which would save the + disappointment I have described; and I hope some one will take pity upon + me, and send it to "N. & Q.," for the benefit of myself and every + other</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Country Practitioner</span>. + + <p><i>Photographic Tent—Restoration of Faded + Negatives.</i>—In Vol. vii., p. 462., I find M. F. M. inquiring for + a cheap and portable tent, effective for photographic operations out of + doors. I have for the last two years, and in mid-day (June), prepared + calotype paper, and also the collodion glass plates, for the camera, + under a tent of glazed yellow calico of only a single thickness: the + light admitted is very great, but does not in the least injure the most + sensitive plate or paper. It is made square like a large bag, so that in + a room I can use it double as a blind; and out of doors, in a high wind, + I have crept into it, and prepared my paper opposite the object I + intended to calotype.</p> + + <p>I should be glad it any of your readers would inform me how a failed + negative calotype can be restored to its original strength. I last year + took a great number, some of which have nearly faded away; and others are + as strong, and as able to be used to print from, as when first done. The + paper was prepared with the single iodide of silver solution, and + rendered sensitive with aceto-nitrate sil. and gallic acid in the usual + way. I attribute the fading to the hyposulphate not being got rid of; and + the question is, Can the picture he restored?</p> + + <p>Are <span class="sc">Dr. Diamond's</span> <i>Notes</i> published + yet?</p> + + <p class="author">S. S. B., Jun. + +<hr class="full" > + +<h2>Replies to Minor Queries.</h2> + + <p><i>Gibbon's Library</i> (Vol. vii., p. 407.).—I visited it in + 1825, in company with Dr. Scholl, of Lausanne, who took charge of it for + Mr. Beckford. It was sold between 1830 and 1835, partly by auction, + partly by private sale in detail.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">James Dennistoun</span>. + + <p><i>Robert Drury</i> (Vol. v., p. 533.).—I am afraid that the + credit attachable to Drury's <i>Madagascar</i> is not supported or + strengthened by the announcement that the author was "every day to be + spoken with" at Old Tom's Coffee House in Birchin Lane. <i>The Apparition + of Mrs. Veal</i>, and other productions of a similar description, should + make us very doubtful as regards the literature of the earlier part of + the eighteenth century. Might not a person have been suborned to + represent the fictitious Robert Drury, to the benefit of the coffee-house + keeper as well as the publisher? I am induced to express this suspicion + by a parallel case of the same period. <i>The Ten Years' Voyages of + Captain George Roberts</i>, London, 1726, is universally, I <!-- Page 486 + --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page486"></a>{486}</span> believe, + considered fictitious, and ascribed to Defoe; yet at the end of the work + we find:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1"> + + <p>"N. B.—The little boy so often mentioned in the foregoing + sheets, now lives with Mr. Galapin, a tobacconist, in Monument Yard; and + may be referred to for the truth of most of the particulars before + related."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">W. Pinkerton</span>. + + <p class="address">Ham. + + <p><i>Grub Street Journal</i> (Vol. vii., p. 383.).—<span + class="sc">Mr. James Crossley</span>, after quoting Eustace Budgell's + conjectures as to the writers of this paper, leaves it as doubtful + whether Pope was or was not one of them. The poet has himself + contradicted Budgell's insinuation when he retorted upon him in those + terrible lines (alluding to his alleged forgery of a will):</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Let Budgell charge low Grub Street to my quill,</p> + <p>And write whate'er he please—except my will!"</p> + </div> + </div> + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Alexander Andrews</span>. + + <p><i>Wives of Ecclesiastics</i> (Vol. i., p. 115.).—In considering + "the statutes made by Anselm, Archbishop of Canterbury, Thomas, + Archbishop of York, and all the other bishops of England," ann. 1108, + interdicting the marriage of ecclesiastics, might it not be worth + investigating, by such of your correspondents as are curious on the + subject, what had been the antecedents of the several bishops + themselves?</p> + + <p>With respect to Thomas II., Archbishop of York, it is historically + certain, that he was the <i>son</i> of an ecclesiastic, and likewise the + <i>grandson</i> of an ecclesiastic (his <i>father</i> being one of the + bishops who concurred in these statutes). Neither does it seem altogether + unlikely that Thomas himself also had spent some part of his early life + in bonds of wedlock, since we learn from the <i>Monasticon</i> (vol. iii. + p. 490. of new edit.), that "Thomas, <i>son of Thomas</i> (<i>the second + of that name</i>), <i>Archbishop of York</i>, confirmed what his + predecessors, Thomas and Girard, had given," &c. If this be correct, + as stated<a name="footnotetag4" href="#footnote4"><sup>[4]</sup></a>, the + conclusion is inevitable; but possibly some error may have arisen out of + the circumstance, that Thomas I. and Thomas II., Archbishops of York, + were uncle and nephew.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">J. Sansom</span>. + +<div class="note"> + <a name="footnote4"></a><b>Footnote 4:</b><a + href="#footnotetag4">(return)</a> + <p>Robertus Bloëtus also, who was still Bishop of Lincoln, and Rogerus, + Bishop of Salisbury, appear to have had sons, though, perhaps, not born + in wedlock; but query.</p> + +</div> + <p><i>Blanco White.</i>—In Vol. vii., p. 404., is a copy of a + sonnet which is said to be "<i>on</i> the Rev. Joseph Blanco White." This + sonnet is one which I have been in search of for some years. I saw it in + a newspaper (I believe the <i>Athenæum</i>), but not having secured a + copy of it at the time, now ten or twelve years ago, I have had occasion + to regret it ever since, and am consequently much obliged to <span + class="sc">Balliolensis</span> for his preservation of it in "N. & + Q." "It is needless," as he well observes, "to say anything in its + praise." I should add, that my strong impression is that this sonnet was + written <i>by</i> Blanco White.</p> + + <p class="author">H. C. K. + + <p class="address">—— Rectory, Hereford. + + <p><i>Captain Ayloff</i> (Vol. vii., p. 429.).—Your correspondent + will find a short notice of Capt. Ayloff in Jacob's <i>Poetical + Register</i> (1719-20, 8vo., 2 vols.), and two of his poetical + pieces—"Marvell's Ghost" and the "Cambridge Commencement"—in + Nichols's <i>Collection of Poems</i> (vol. iii. pp. 186-188.), 1780, + 12mo. There is considerable vigour in his "Marvell's Ghost;" and had he + cultivated his talent, he might have taken a respectable place as a poet + amongst the writers of his time.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Jas. Crossley</span>. + + <p><i>General Monk and the University of Cambridge</i> (Vol. vii., p. + 427.).—I cannot doubt that "W. D." was Dr. William Dillingham, + Master of Emmanuel College, and Vice-Chancellor of the University, from + November 1659 till November 1660.</p> + + <p>The election to which his letter relates took place April 3, 1660. The + votes were:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>Lord General Moncke — 341</p> + <p>Thomas Crouch, M.A., Fellow of Trin. Coll. — 211</p> + <p>Oliver St. John, Chancellor of the University — 157</p> + </div> + </div> + <p>The Vice-Chancellor, in his accounts, makes this charge:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1"> + + <p>"Paid to two messengers sent to wait on y<sup>e</sup> Lord Generall + about y<sup>e</sup> burgesship, 4<i>l.</i> 10<i>s.</i>"—<i>M. S. + Baker</i>, xl. 59.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>On the 22nd of May, General Monk, who had been also chosen for + Devonshire, made his election to sit for that county.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">C. H. Cooper</span>. + + <p class="address">Cambridge. + + <p>In reply to <span class="sc">Leicestriensis</span>, I beg leave to + inform him that "W. D." was Wm. Dillingham, D.D., master of Clare Hall, + and at the time Vice-Chancellor of the University of Cambridge. The + letter in question, which was the original draft, was, with a variety of + other family papers, <i>stolen</i> from me in 1843.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">J. P. Ord</span>. + + <p>P.S.—Query, from whom did the present possessor obtain it?</p> + + <p><i>The Ribston Pippin</i> (Vol. vii., p. 436.).—The remarks of + your correspondent H. C. K., respecting the uncertain origin of the + Ribston pippin, reminded me of a communication which I received about + fifty years ago, from one of the sisters of the late Sir Henry Goodricke, + the last of the family who possessed Ribston. Though it leaves the + question concerning the origin of that excellent apple unsettled, yet it + may not be uninteresting to <!-- Page 487 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page487"></a>{487}</span> H. C. K. and some others of your numerous + readers. I therefore send a transcript:</p> + +<p class="cenhead">"<i>Tradition of the Ribston Pippin Tree.</i></p> + + <p>"About the beginning of the last century, Sir Henry Goodricke, father + of the late Sir John Goodricke, had three pips sent by a friend in a + letter from Rouen in Normandy, which were sown at Ribston. Two of the + pips produced nothing: the third is the present tree, which is in good + health, and still continues to bear fruit."</p> + +<p class="cenhead">"<i>Another Account.</i></p> + + <p>"Sir Henry, the father of the late Sir John Goodricke, being at Rouen + in Normandy, preserved the pips of some fine flavoured apples, and sent + them to Ribston, where they were sown, and the produce in due time + planted in what then was the park. Out of seven trees planted, five + proved decided crabs, and are all dead. The other two proved good apples; + they never were grafted, and one of them is the celebrated original + Ribston pippin tree."</p> + + <p>The latter tradition has, I believe, always been considered as the + most correct.</p> + + <p class="author">S. D. + + <p><i>Cross and Pile</i> (Vol. vi., <i>passim.</i>).—The various + disquisitions of your correspondents on the word <i>pile</i> are very + ingenious; but I think it is very satisfactorily explained as "a ship" by + Joseph Scaliger in <i>De Re nummaria Dissertatio</i>, Leyden, 1616:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1"> + + <p>"Macrobius de nummo <i>ratito</i> loquens, qui erat æreus: <i>ita + fuisse signatum hodieque intelligitur in aleæ lusu, quum pueri denarios + in sublime jactantes, Capita aut Navia, lusu teste vetustatis + exclamant</i>."—P. 58.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>And in Scaligerana (prima):</p> + +<blockquote class="b1"> + + <p>"Nummus ratitus—ce qu'aujourd'hui nous appellons jouer à croix + ou à pile, car <i>pile</i> est un vieil mot français qui signifiait un + Navire, <i>unde</i> Pilote. Ratitus nummus erat ex ære, sic dictus ab + effigie ratus."—Tom. ii., Amsterdam, 1740, p. 130.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>See also, <i>Auctores Latinæ Linguæ</i>, by Gothofred, 1585, p. 169. + l. 53. Also, <i>Dictionnaire National</i> of M. Bescherelle, tome ii. p + 885., Paris, 1846, art. <span class="sc">Pile</span> (<i>subst. + fém.</i>)</p> + + <p><i>En passant</i>, allow me to point out a very curious and + interesting account of this game, being the pastime of Edward II., in the + <i>Antiquarian Repertory</i>, by Grose and Astle: Lond. 1808, 4to., vol. + ii. pp 406-8.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="grk">Φ</span>. + + <p class="address">Richmond, Surrey. + + <p><i>Ellis Walker</i> (Vol. vii., p. 382.).—</p> + +<blockquote class="b1"> + + <p>"Ellis Walker, D.D.," according to Ware, "was born in the city of + York; but came young into Ireland, and was educated in the college of + Dublin, where he passed through all his degrees. He fled from thence in + the troublesome reign of King James II., and lived with an uncle at York, + where he translated <i>Epictetus</i> into verse. After the settlement of + Ireland he returned, and for seven years employed himself with great + reputation in teaching a public school at Drogheda, where he died on the + 17th April, 1701, in the fortieth year of his age; and was buried there + in St. Peter's Church, and twenty years after had a monument erected to + his memory by one of his scholars."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Tyro</span>. + + <p class="address">Dublin. + + <p><i>Blackguard</i> (Vol. vii., pp. 77. 273.).—I am not aware that + the following extract from Burton's <i>Anatomy of Melancholy</i> has ever + yet been quoted under this heading. Would it not be worth the while to + add it to the extract from Hobbes's <i>Microcosmos</i>, quoted by <span + class="sc">Jarltzberg</span>, Vol. ii., p. 134. and again, by <span + class="sc">Sir J. Emerson Tennent</span> at Vol. vii., p. 78.:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1"> + + <p>"The same author, Cardan, in his <i>Hyperchen</i>, out of the doctrine + of the Stoicks, will have some of these genii (for so he calls them) to + be desirous of men's company, very affable and familiar with them, as + dogs are; others again, to abhor as serpents, and care not for them. The + same, belike, Trithemius calls <i>igneos et sublunares, qui numquam + demergunt ad inferiora, aut vix ullum habent in terris commercium: + generally they far excel men in worth, as a man the meanest worm</i>; + though some there are <i>inferiour to those of their own rank in worth, + as the black guard in a princes court, and to men again, as some + degenerate, base, rational creatures are excelled of brute + beasts</i>."—<i>Anat. of Mel.</i>, Part I. sec. 2. Mem. 1. subs. 2. + [Blake, 1836, p. 118.]</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">C. Forbes</span>. + + <p class="address">Temple. + + <p>In looking over the second volume of "N. & Q.," I find the use of + the word <i>blackguard</i> is referred to, and passages illustrative of + its meaning are given from the works of Beaumont and Fletcher, Hobbes, + Butler, &c. To these may be added the following fanciful use of the + word, which occurs in the poems of Charles Sackville, Earl of Dorset; the + author of the well-known naval song "To all you Ladies now at Land:"</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Love is all gentleness, all joy,</p> + <p class="i1">Smooth are his looks, and soft his pace.</p> + <p>Her [Belinda's] Cupid is a blackguard boy,</p> + <p class="i1">That rubs his link full in your face."</p> + </div> + </div> + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Cuthbert Bede</span>, B.A. + + <p><i>Talleyrand</i> (Vol. vi., p. 575.).—Talleyrand's maxim is in + Young. I regret that I cannot give the reference.</p> + + <p class="author">Z. E. R. + + <p><i>Lord King and Sclater</i> (Vol. v., pp. 456. 518.).—By + Sclater's answer, "as I am informed, the Lord Chancellor <i>King</i> was + himself fully convinced."—Zach. Grey's <i>Review of Neal</i>, p. + 67., edit. 1744.</p> + + <p><i>"Beware the Cat"</i> (Vol. v., p. 319.).-The "dignitary of + Cambridge" was probably Dr. Thackeray, provost of King's, who bequeathed + all his <!-- Page 488 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page488"></a>{488}</span> black-letter books to the college. + Perhaps <i>Beware the Cat</i> may be among them.</p> + + <p class="author">Z. E. R. + + <p>"<i>Bis dat qui cito dat</i>" (Vol. vi., p. 376.).—The following + Greek is either in the <i>Anthologia</i>, or in Joshua Barnes:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1"> + + <p>"<span title="ôkeiai charitos glukerôterai, ên de bradunêi pasa charis phthinuthei, mêde legoito charis." class="grk" + >ὠκεῖαι + χάριτος + γλυκερώτεραι, + ἢν δὲ + βραδυνῇ πᾶσα + χάρις + φθινύθει, + μηδὲ + λέγοιτο + χαρις.</span>"</p> + + <p>"Gratia ab officio quod mora tardat, abest."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p class="author">Z. E. R. + + <p><i>High Spirits a Presage of Evil.</i>—The Note of your + correspondent <span class="sc">Cuthbert Bede</span> (Vol. vii., p. 339.) + upon this very interesting point recalls to my recollection a line or two + in Gilfillan's <i>First Gallery of Literary Portraits</i>, p. 71., which + bears directly upon it. Speaking of the death of Percy Bysshe Shelley, + the author says, "During all the time he spent in Leghorn, he was in + brilliant spirits, <i>to him a sure prognostic of coming evil</i>." I may + add, that I have been on terms of intimacy with various persons who + entertained a dread of finding themselves in good spirits, from a strong + conviction that some calamity would be sure to befall them. This is a + curious psychological question, worthy of attention.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">W. Sawyer.</span> + + <p class="address">Brighton. + + <p><i>Colonel Thomas Walcot</i> (Vol. vii., p. 382.) married Jane, the + second daughter of James Purcel of Craugh, co. Limerick, and had by her + six sons and two daughters: John, the eldest, who married Sarah Wright of + Holt, in Denbighshire; Thomas, Ludlow, and Joseph, which last three died + unmarried; Edward (who died an infant); William (of whom I have no + present trace); Catherine and Bridget. The latter married, first, Mr. Cox + of Waterford, and second, Robert Allen of Garranmore, co. Tipperary. + John, the eldest son, administered to his father, and possessed himself + of his estates and effects. I think his son was a John Minchin Walcot, + who represented Askeaton in Parliament in 1751, died in London in 1753, + and was buried in St. Margaret's churchyard. Two years after his death + his eldest daughter married William Cecil Pery, of the line of Viscount + Pery, and had by him Edmund Henry Pery, member of parliament for Limerick + in 1786. A William Walcot was on the Irish establishment appointed a + major in the 5th Regiment of Foot in 1769, but I cannot just now say + whether, or how, he was related to Colonel Thomas Walcot.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">John D'Alton.</span> + + <p class="address">Dublin. + + <p><i>Wood of the Cross: Mistletoe</i> (Vol. vii., p. 437.).—Was + S. S. S.'s farmer a native of an eastern county? If he came from any part + where Scandinavian traditions may be supposed to have prevailed, there + may be some connexion between the myth, that the mistletoe furnished the + wood for the cross, and that which represents it as forming the arrow + with which Hödur, at the instigation of Lok, the spirit of evil, killed + Baldyr. I have met with a tradition in German, that the aspen tree + supplied the wood for the cross, and hence shuddered ever after at the + recollection of its guilt.</p> + + <p class="author">T. H. L. + + <p>The tradition to which I have been always accustomed is, that the + aspen was the tree of which the cross was formed, and that its tremulous + and quivering motion proceeded from its consciousness of the awful use to + which it had once been put.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">W. Fraser.</span> + + <p class="address">Tor-Mohun. + + <p><i>Irish Office for Prisoners</i> (Vol. vii, p 410.).—The best + reference for <i>English</i> readers is to Bishop Mant's edition of the + Prayer-Book, in which this office is included.</p> + + <p class="author">J. C. R. + + <p><i>Andries de Græff: Portraits at Brickwall House</i> (Vol. vii, p. + 406.).—"Andries de Græff. Obiit lxxiii., <span + class="scac">MDCLXXIV</span>." Was this gentleman related to, or the + father of, Regulus de Græf, a celebrated physician and anatomist, born in + July, 1641, at Scomharen, a town in Holland, where his father was the + first architect? Regulus de Græf married in 1672, and died in 1673, at + the early age of thirty-two. He published several works, chiefly <i>De + Organis Generationis</i>, &c. (See Hutchinson's <i>Biographia + Medica</i>; and, for a complete list of his works, <i>Lindonius + Renovatus</i>, p. 933.: Nuremberg, 1686, 4to.)</p> + + <p class="author">S. S. S. + + <p class="address">Bath. + + <p>"<i>Qui facit per alium, facit per se</i>" (Vol. vii., p. + 382.).—This is one of the most ordinary maxims or "brocards" of the + common law of Scotland, and implies that the employer is responsible for + the acts of his servant or agent, done on his employment. Beyond doubt it + is borrowed from the civil law, and though I cannot find it in the title + of the digest, <i>De Diversis Regulis Juris Antiqui</i> (lib. 1. tit. + 17.), I am sure it will be traced either to the "Corpus Juris," or to one + of the commentators thereupon.</p> + + <p class="author">W. H. M. + + <p><i>Christian Names</i> (Vol. vii., p. 406.).—When Lord Coke says + "a man cannot have two names of baptism, as he may have divers surnames," + he does not mean that a man may not have two or more Christian names + given to him at the font, but that, while he may have "divers surnames at + divers times," he may not have divers Christian names <i>at divers + times</i>.</p> + + <p>When a man changes his Christian name, he alters his legal identity. + The surname, however, is assumable at pleasure. The use of surnames came + into England, according to Camden, about <!-- Page 489 --><span + class="pagenum"><a name="page489"></a>{489}</span> the time of the + Conquest, but they were not in general use till long after that. Many + branches of families used to substitute the names of their estate or + residence for their patronymic, which often makes the tracing of + genealogies a difficult matter. It was not till the middle of the + fourteenth century that surnames began to descend from father to son, and + a reference to any old document of the time will show how arbitrarily + such names were assumed.</p> + + <p>A surname, in short, may be called a matter of convenience; a + Christian name, a matter of necessity. The giving two Christian names at + baptism did not come generally into use till, owing to the multiplication + of the patronymic, a single Christian name became insufficient to + identify the individual. Consequently an instance of a double Christian + name, previous to the commencement of the eighteenth century, is a + rarity. The fifth and sixth earls of Northumberland bore the names of + Henry-Algernon Percy. The latter died in 1537.</p> + + <p>As to the period at which Christian names were assumed as surnames, + your correspondent <span class="sc">Ericas</span> is referred to Lower's + <i>English Surnames</i>.</p> + + <p class="author">H. C. K. + + <p class="address">—— Rectory, Hereford. + + <p>Your correspondent <span class="sc">Erica</span> will not, I think, + find an instance in this country of a person having more than one + Christian name before the last century. Charles James Fox and William + Wyndham Grenville are the two earliest instances I can find. It is + trivial but curious to observe, that in the lists given at the beginning + of the <i>Oxford Calendar</i> of the heads of colleges and halls from + their several foundations, the first who appears with two Christian names + is the venerable president of Magdalene College. Antony Ashley Cooper is + only a seeming exception; his surname was Ashley-Cooper, as is proved by + his contributing the letter <i>a</i> to the word <i>cabal</i>, the + nickname of the ministry of which he formed a part. We find the custom + common enough in Germany at the time of the Reformation, and still + earlier in Italy. I apprehend that its origin is really in the <i>tria + nomina</i> of Roman freemen. It was introduced into this country through + our royal family, but I am not aware of any prince who had the benefit of + it before Charles James.</p> + + <p>I apprehend the passage which <span class="sc">Erica</span> quotes + from Lord Coke has not the significance which he attributes to it. A man + can have but one Christian or baptismal name, of however many single + names or words that baptismal name may be composed. I have spoken in this + letter of two Christian names, in order to be more intelligible at the + expense of correctness.</p> + + <p class="author">J. J. H. + + <p class="address">Temple. + + <p><i>Lamech's War-song</i> (Vol. vii., p. 432.).—There have been + many speculations about the origin and meaning of these lines. I agree + with <span class="sc">Ewald</span> in <i>Die Poetischen Bücher des Alten + Bundes</i>, vol. i., who calls it a "sword-song;" and I imagine it might + have been preserved by tradition among the Canaanitish nations, and so + quoted by Moses as familiar to the Israelites. I should translate + it—</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Adah and Zillah, hear ye my voice!</p> + <p>Wives of Lemek, heed ye my saying!</p> + <p>For man do I slay, for my wound;</p> + <p>And child, for my bruise.</p> + <p>For seven-fold is Cain avenged,</p> + <p>And Lemek seventy-fold and seven."</p> + </div> + </div> + <p>Bishop Hall, in his <i>Explication of Hard Texts</i>, paraphrases it + thus:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1"> + + <p>"And Lamech said to his wives, 'Adah and Zillah, what tell you me of + any dangers and fears? Hear my voice, oh ye faint-hearted wives of + Lamech, and hearken unto my speech; I pass not of the strength of my + adversary: for I know my own valour and power to revenge; if any man give + me but a wound or a stroke, though he be never so young and lusty, I can + and will kill him dead.'"</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>Your correspondent <span class="sc">H. Walter</span> says that "every + branch of Cain's family was destroyed by the Deluge." Where is the + authority to be found for the tradition, quoted in an <i>Introduction to + the Books of Moses</i>, by James Morison, p. 26., that Naameh, the + daughter of Lamech the Cainite and Zillah, married Ham, the son of Noah, + and thus survived the Flood?</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">W. Fraser</span>. + + <p class="address">Tor-Mohun. + + <p><i>Traitor's Ford</i> (Vol. vii., p. 382.).—Nothing is known of + any legend in connexion with the stirring events of the battle of + Edgehill, or its times, and the origin of the name is a matter of + speculation. One <i>Trait</i> had lands near this stream, and it is + thought by some that, from this circumstance, it is properly + <i>Trait's</i> Ford, corrupted into Traitor's Ford,—a locality well + known to sportsmen as a favourite meet of the Warwickshire hounds.</p> + + <p class="author">A. B. R. + + <p class="address">Banbury. + +<hr class="full" > + +<h2>Miscellaneous.</h2> + +<h3>NOTES ON BOOKS, ETC.</h3> + + <p>We understand the Committee appointed by the Society of Antiquaries to + consider the best mode of restoring the Society to its former efficient + state, have agreed upon their Report, and also to the revised laws to be + recommended to the Fellows for adoption. Of the nature of alterations + suggested, we know nothing; for while, on the one hand, it is stated that + the Report recommends changes of a most sweeping character, on the other + it is rumoured that the changes to be proposed are neither many nor + important. The truth in this, as in most cases, no doubt lies midway + between <!-- Page 490 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page490"></a>{490}</span> the two: and the Report will probably be + found to breathe a spirit of conservative reform. Embracing, as the + proposed changes necessarily must, points on which great difference of + opinion has existed, and may continue to exist, we hope they will receive + the impartial consideration of the Fellows; and that they will bear in + mind, that in coming to the conclusions at which they have arrived, the + Committee have had the advantage of sources of information, necessarily + beyond the reach of the body generally; and that those very + recommendations, which at first sight may seem most open to objection, + may probably be those which their information most completely + justifies.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Books Received</span>.—<i>Young's Night + Thoughts, or Life, Death, and Immortality, revised and collated with the + early Quarto Editions, with a Life of the Author by</i> Dr. Doran. This + new, handsomely printed, and carefully edited reprint of the great work + of this noble and original writer, is rendered more valuable by the + well-written and critical Memoir of Young, which Dr. Doran has prefixed + to it.—<i>The National Miscellany</i>, <i>May</i> 1853. The first + Number of a New Magazine just issued by Mr. Parker (Oxford), with every + promise of realising the objects for which it has been projected, namely, + "to aid the elevation of the reader's mind, to raise some glow of + generous desire, some high and noble thoughts, some kindly feeling, and a + warm veneration for all things that are good and + true."—<i>Cyclopædia Bibliographica</i>, Part VIII. This most + useful work is in the present Part carried from <i>Fawcett</i> (John) to + <i>Göthe</i>. Every fresh issue of it affords additional evidence of the + great utility which the complete work will prove to all authors, + preachers, students, and literary men.</p> + +<hr class="full" > + +<h3>BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES WANTED TO PURCHASE.</h3> + + <p><span class="sc">Rev. A. Dyce's Edition of Dr. Richard Bentley's + Works</span>. Vol. III. Published by Francis Macpherson, Middle Row, + Holborn. 1836.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Dissertation on Isaiah XVIII., in a Letter to Edward + King, Esq</span>., by <span class="sc">Samuel Lord Bishop of Rochester + (Horsley).</span> The Quarto Edition, printed for Robson. 1779.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">History of Ancient Wilts</span>, by <span + class="sc">Sir R. C. Hoare</span>. The last three Parts.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Ben Jonson's Works</span>. 9 Vols. 8vo. Vols. II., + III., IV. Bds.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Sir Walter Scott's Novels</span>. 41 Vols. 8vo. The + last nine Vols. Boards.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Jacob's English Peerage</span>. Folio Edition, 1766. + Vols. II., III., and IV.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Gammer Gurton's Needle</span>.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Alison's Europe</span>. (20 Vols.) Vols. XIII., + XX.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Abbotsford Edition of the Waverley Novels</span>. Odd + Vols.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">The Truth Teller</span>. A Periodical.</p> + + <p>*** <i>Correspondents sending Lists of Books Wanted are requested to + send their names.</i></p> + + <p>*** Letters, stating particulars and lowest price, <i>carriage + free</i>, to be sent to <span class="sc">Mr. Bell</span>, Publisher of + "NOTES AND QUERIES," 186. Fleet Street.</p> + +<hr class="full" > + +<h3>Notices to Correspondents.</h3> + + <p>H. C. B. <i>No.</i></p> + + <p>J. D. <span class="sc">Lucas</span> (Bristol). <i>The inscription is + Dutch, and means "Praise God for all things."</i></p> + + <p><span class="sc">Walter J. Watts</span> <i>will find much of the + literary history of the</i> Travels of Baron Munchausen, <i>which were + written in ridicule of Bruce, the Abyssinian traveller, in our</i> 3rd + Vol., pp. 117, 305, 453.</p> + + <p>P. P. <i>Longfellow</i> is <i>an American, having been born at + Portland. He is now, we believe, Professor of Modern Languages and Belles + Lettres at Cambridge University, U.S.</i></p> + + <p>A <span class="sc">Briton</span> <i>must be aware that if we were so + far to depart from our plan of avoiding religious controversy, as to + insert his Query, we should be inviting endless disputes and discussions, + such as our pages could not contain, or our readers endure.</i></p> + + <p>C. M. I. <i>The sides of the stage are described in Stage Directions + as</i> O. P. <i>and</i> P. S., <i>i. e.</i> Opposite Promp. (<i>or</i> + Prompter) <i>and</i> Promp. Side.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">General Sir Dennis Pack</span> (Vol. vii., p. + 453.).—<i>"As the purport of the Query may be defeated by two + misprints in my communication relative to this gallant soldier, may I beg + of your readers for 'French rebels,' to substitute 'Irish rebels;' and + for 'Ballinakell,' 'Ballinakill.' I am willing to lay the blame of these + errata on my own cacography, rather than on the printer's back.</i></p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">James Graves</span>. + + <p class="address">Kilkenny." + + <p><span class="sc">Photographic Correspondence</span>. <i>Replies to our + photographic Correspondents next week.</i></p> + + <p><i>A few complete sets of</i> "<span class="sc">Notes and + Queries</span>," Vols. i. <i>to</i> vi., <i>price Three Guineas, may now + be had; for which early application is desirable.</i></p> + + <p>"<span class="sc">Notes and Queries</span>" <i>is published at noon on + Friday, so that the Country Booksellers may receive Copies in that + night's parcels, and deliver them to their Subscribers on the + Saturday.</i></p> + +<hr class="full" > + + <p><b>PURE NERVOUS</b> or MIND COMPLAINTS.—If the readers of <span + class="sc">Notes and Queries</span>, who suffer from depression of + spirits, confusion, headache, blushing, groundless fears, unfitness for + business or society, blood to the head, failure of memory, delusions, + suicidal thoughts, fear of insanity, &c., will call on, or correspond + with, REV. DR. WILLIS MOSELEY, who, out of above 22,000 applicants, knows + not fifty uncured who have followed his advice, he will instruct them how + to get well, without a fee, and will render the same service to the + friends of the insane.—At home from 11 to 3.</p> + + <p>18. BLOOMSBURY STREET, BEDFORD SQUARE.</p> + +<hr class="full" > + + <p><b>PHOTOGRAPHIC SCHOOL</b>.—ROYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION.</p> + + <p>The SCHOOL is NOW OPEN for instruction in all branches of Photography, + to Ladies and Gentlemen, on alternate days, from Eleven till Four + o'clock, under the joint direction of T. A. MALONE, Esq., who has long + been connected with Photography, and J. H. PEPPER, Esq., the Chemist to + the Institution.</p> + + <p>A Prospectus, with terms, may be had at the Institution.</p> + +<hr class="full" > + + <p><b>XYLO-IODIDE OF SILVER</b>, exclusively used at all the Photographic + Establishments. The superiority of this preparation is now generally + acknowledged. In all cases where a quantity is required, the two + solutions may be had at wholesale price in separate bottles; in which + state it may be kept for years, and exported to any climate. Full + instructions for use.</p> + + <p><i>Caution.</i>—Each bottle is stamped with a red label, bearing + my name,</p> + + <p>RICHARD W. THOMAS, Chemist, 10. Pall Mall.</p> + + <p><b>CYANOGEN SOAP</b> for removing instantaneously Photographic Stains + from the Hands, and cleansing all kinds of Photographic Dishes, Glasses, + Linen, &c. Prepared solely by R. W. THOMAS, Chemist, 10 Pall Mall, + Manufacturer of Pure Photographic Chemicals, and may be procured of all + respectable Chemists; in pots at 1<i>s.</i>, 2<i>s.</i>, and 3<i>s.</i> + 6<i>d.</i> each, through MESSRS. EDWARDS, 67. St. Paul's Church + Yard—MESSRS. BARCLAY, 95. Farringdon Street, Wholesale Agents.</p> + +<hr class="full" > + +<p class="cenhead">PULLEYN'S COMPENDIUM.<br /> +One Volume, crown 8vo., bound in cloth, price 6s.,</p> + + <p><b>THE ETYMOLOGICAL COMPENDIUM</b>; or, PORTFOLIO OF ORIGINS AND + INVENTIONS; relating to—</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>Language, Literature, and Government.</p> + <p>Architecture and Sculpture.</p> + <p>Drama, Music, Painting, and Scientific Discoveries.</p> + <p>Articles of Dress, &c.</p> + <p>Titles, Dignities, &c.</p> + <p>Names, Trades, Professions.</p> + <p>Parliament, Laws, &c.</p> + <p>Universities and Religious Sects.</p> + <p>Epithets and Phrases.</p> + <p>Remarkable Customs.</p> + <p>Games, Field Sports.</p> + <p>Seasons, Months, and Days of the Week.</p> + <p>Remarkable Localities, &c. &c.</p> + </div> + </div> + <p>By WILLIAM PULLEYN.</p> + + <p>The Third Edition, revised and improved, by MERTON A. THOMAS, ESQ.</p> + + <p>London: WILLIAM TEGG & CO., 85. Queen Street, Cheapside.</p> + +<p><!-- Page 491 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page491"></a>{491}</span></p> + +<hr class="full" > + +<p class="cenhead">Just published, price 1<i>s.</i>, free by Post 1<i>s.</i>, 4<i>d.</i>,</p> + + <p><b>THE WAXED-PAPER PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESS</b> of GUSTAVE LE GRAY'S NEW + EDITION. Translated from the French.</p> + + <p>Sole Agents in the United Kingdom for VOIGHTLANDER & SON'S + celebrated Lenses for Portraits and Views.</p> + + <p>General Depôt for Turner's, Whatman's. Canson Frères', La Croix, and + other Talbotype Papers.</p> + + <p>Pure Photographic Chemicals.</p> + + <p>Instructions and Specimens in every Branch of the Art.</p> + + <p>GEORGE KNIGHT & SONS, Foster Lane, London.</p> + +<hr class="full" > + + <p><b>PHOTOGRAPHIC PAPER</b>.—Negative and Positive Paper of + Whatman's, Turners, Sanford's, and Canson Frères' make. Waxed-Paper for + Le Gray's Process. Iodized and Sensitive Paper for every kind of + Photography.</p> + + <p>Sold by JOHN SANFORD, Photographic Stationer, Aldine Chambers, 13. + Paternoster Row, London.</p> + +<hr class="full" > + + <p><b>PHOTOGRAPHIC PICTURES</b>.—A Selection of the above beautiful + Productions (comprising Views in VENICE, PARIS, RUSSIA, NUBIA, &c.) + may be seen at BLAND & LONG'S, 153. Fleet Street, where may also be + procured Apparatus of every Description, and pure Chemicals for the + practice of Photography in all its Branches.</p> + + <p>Calotype, Daguerreotype, and Glass Pictures for the Stereoscope.</p> + + <p>BLAND & LONG, Opticians, Philosophical and Photographical + Instrument Makers, and Operative Chemists, 153. Fleet Street.</p> + +<hr class="full" > + + <p><b>PHOTOGRAPHY</b>.—Collodion (Iodized with the Ammonio-Iodide + of Silver).—J. B. HOCKIN & CO., Chemists, 289. Strand, were the + first in England who published the application of this agent (see + <i>Athenæum</i>, Aug. 14th). Their Collodion (price 9<i>d.</i> per oz.) + retains its extraordinary sensitiveness, tenacity, and colour unimpaired + for months: it may be exported to any climate, and the Iodizing Compound + mixed as required. J. B. HOCKIN & CO. manufacture PURE CHEMICALS and + all APPARATUS with the latest Improvements adapted for all the + Photographic and Daguerreotype processes. Cameras for Developing in the + open Country. GLASS BATHS adapted to any Camera. Lenses from the best + Makers. Waxed and Iodized Papers, &c.</p> + +<hr class="full" > + + <p><b>PHOTOGRAPHY</b>—HORNE & CO.'s Iodized Collodion, for + obtaining Instantaneous Views, and Portraits in from three to thirty + seconds, according to light.</p> + + <p>Portraits obtained by the above, for delicacy of detail rival the + choicest Daguerreotypes, specimens of which may be seen at their + Establishment.</p> + + <p>Also every description of Apparatus, Chemicals, &c. &c. used + in this beautiful Art.—123. and 121. Newgate Street.</p> + +<hr class="full" > + + <p><b>BENNETT'S MODEL WATCH</b>, as shown at the GREAT EXHIBITION, No. 1. + Class X., in Gold and Silver Cases, in five qualities, and adapted to all + Climates, may now be had at the MANUFACTORY, 65. CHEAPSIDE. Superior Gold + London-made Patent Levers, 17, 15, and 12 guineas. Ditto, in Silver + Cases, 8, 6, and 4 guineas. First-rate Geneva Levers, in Gold Cases, 12, + 10, and 8 guineas. Ditto, in Silver Cases, 8, 6, and 5 guineas. Superior + Lever, with Chronometer Balance, Gold, 27, 23, and 19 guineas. Bennett's + Pocket Chronometer, Gold, 50 guineas; Silver, 40 guineas. Every Watch + skilfully examined, timed, and its performance guaranteed. Barometers, + 2<i>l.</i>, 3<i>l.</i>, and 4<i>l.</i> Thermometers from 1<i>s.</i> + each.</p> + + <p>BENNETT. Watch, Clock, and Instrument Maker to the Royal Observatory, + the Board of Ordinance, the Admiralty, and the Queen,</p> + + <p>65. CHEAPSIDE.</p> + +<hr class="full" > + +<h3>CLERICAL, MEDICAL, AND GENERAL +LIFE ASSURANCE SOCIETY.</h3> + +<hr class="short" > + +<p class="cenhead">Established 1824.</p> + +<hr class="short" > + + <p>FIVE BONUSES have been declared: at the last in January, 1852, the sum + of 131,125<i>l.</i> was added to the Policies, producing a Bonus varying + with the different ages from 24-1/2 to 55 per cent. on the Premiums paid + during the five years, or from 5<i>l.</i> to 12<i>l.</i> 10<i>s.</i> per + cent. on the Sum Assured.</p> + + <p>The small share of Profit divisible in future among the Shareholders + being now provided for, the ASSURED will hereafter derive all the + benefits obtainable from a Mutual Office, WITHOUT ANY LIABILITY OR RISK + OF PARTNERSHIP.</p> + + <p>POLICIES effected before the 30th of June next, will be entitled, at + the next Division, to one year's additional share of Profits over later + Assurers.</p> + + <p>On Assurances for the whole of Life only one half of the Premiums need + be paid for the first five years.</p> + + <p>INVALID LIVES may be Assured at rates proportioned to the risk.</p> + + <p>Claims paid <i>thirty</i> days after proof of death, and all Policies + are <i>Indisputable</i> except in cases of fraud.</p> + + <p>Tables of Rates and forms of Proposal can be obtained of any of the + Society's Agents, or of</p> + + <p class="author">GEORGE H. PINCKARD, Resident Secretary. + + <p class="address"><i>99. Great Russell Street, Bloomsbury, London.</i> + +<hr class="full" > + +<h3>WESTERN LIFE ASSURANCE +AND ANNUITY SOCIETY,</h3> + +<p class="cenhead">3. PARLIAMENT STREET, LONDON.</p> + + <p>Founded A.D. 1842.</p> + + <p><i>Directors.</i></p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>H. E. Bicknell, Esq.</p> + <p>W. Cabell, Esq.</p> + <p>T. S. Cocks, Jun. Esq. M.P.</p> + <p>G. H. Drew, Esq.</p> + <p>W. Evans, Esq.</p> + <p>W. Freeman, Esq.</p> + <p>F. Fuller, Esq.</p> + <p>J. H. Goodhart, Esq.</p> + <p>T. Grissell, Esq.</p> + <p>J. Hunt, Esq.</p> + <p>J. A. Lethbridge, Esq.</p> + <p>E. Lucas, Esq.</p> + <p>J. Lys Seager, Esq.</p> + <p>J. B. White, Esq.</p> + <p>J. Carter Wood, Esq.</p> + </div> + </div> + <p><i>Trustees.</i></p> + + <p>W. Whateley, Esq., Q.C.; L. C. Humfrey, Esq., Q.C.; George Drew, + Esq.</p> + + <p><i>Physician.</i>—William Rich. Basham, M.D.</p> + + <p><i>Bankers.</i>—Messrs. Cocks, Biddulph, and Co., Charing + Cross.</p> + + <p>VALUABLE PRIVILEGE.</p> + + <p>POLICIES effected in this Office do not become void through temporary + difficulty in paying a Premium, as permission is given upon application + to suspend the payment at interest, according to the conditions detailed + on the Prospectus.</p> + + <p>Specimens of Rates of Premium for Assuring 100<i>l.</i>, with a Share + in three-fourths of the Profits:—</p> + + +<table width="17%" class="nob" summary="Specimens of Rates" title="Specimens of Rates"> + <tr> + <td class="nob" style="text-align:left; width:57%"> + <p>Age</p> + </td> + <td class="nob" style="text-align:right; width:14%"> + <p><i>£</i></p> + </td> + <td class="nob" style="text-align:right; width:14%"> + <p><i>s.</i></p> + </td> + <td class="nob" style="text-align:right; width:14%"> + <p><i>d.</i></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nob" style="text-align:left"> + <p>17</p> + </td> + <td class="nob" style="text-align:right"> + <p>1</p> + </td> + <td class="nob" style="text-align:right"> + <p>14</p> + </td> + <td class="nob" style="text-align:right"> + <p>4</p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nob" style="text-align:left"> + <p>22</p> + </td> + <td class="nob" style="text-align:right"> + <p>1</p> + </td> + <td class="nob" style="text-align:right"> + <p>18</p> + </td> + <td class="nob" style="text-align:right"> + <p>8</p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nob" style="text-align:left"> + <p>27</p> + </td> + <td class="nob" style="text-align:right"> + <p>2</p> + </td> + <td class="nob" style="text-align:right"> + <p>4</p> + </td> + <td class="nob" style="text-align:right"> + <p>5</p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nob" style="text-align:left"> + <p>32</p> + </td> + <td class="nob" style="text-align:right"> + <p>2</p> + </td> + <td class="nob" style="text-align:right"> + <p>10</p> + </td> + <td class="nob" style="text-align:right"> + <p>8</p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nob" style="text-align:left"> + <p>37</p> + </td> + <td class="nob" style="text-align:right"> + <p>2</p> + </td> + <td class="nob" style="text-align:right"> + <p>18</p> + </td> + <td class="nob" style="text-align:right"> + <p>6</p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nob" style="text-align:left"> + <p>42</p> + </td> + <td class="nob" style="text-align:right"> + <p>3</p> + </td> + <td class="nob" style="text-align:right"> + <p>8</p> + </td> + <td class="nob" style="text-align:right"> + <p>2</p> + </td> + </tr> +</table> + + <p>ARTHUR SCRATCHLEY, M.A., F.R.A.S., Actuary.</p> + + <p>Now ready, price 10<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>, Second Edition, with material + additions, INDUSTRIAL INVESTMENT and EMIGRATION: being a TREATISE on + BENEFIT BUILDING SOCIETIES, and on the General Principles of Land + Investment, exemplified in the Cases of Freehold Land Societies, Building + Companies, &c. With a Mathematical Appendix on Compound Interest and + Life Assurance. By ARTHUR SCRATCHLEY, M.A., Actuary to the Western Life + Assurance Society, 3. Parliament Street, London.</p> + +<hr class="full" > + + <p><b>A LITERARY CURIOSITY</b>, sent Free by Post on receipt of Three + Postage Stamps. A Fac-simile of a very remarkably Curious, Interesting, + and Droll Newspaper of Charles II.'s Period.</p> + + <p>J. H. FENNELL, 1. Warwick Court, Holborn, London.</p> + +<hr class="full" > + + <p><b>WANTED</b>, for the Ladies' Institute, 83. Regent Street, Quadrant. + LADIES of taste for fancy work.—by paying 21<i>s.</i> will be + received as members, and taught the new style of velvet wool work, which + is acquired in a few easy lessons. Each lady will be guaranteed constant + employment and ready cash payment for her work. Apply personally to Mrs. + Thoughey. N. B. Ladies taught by letter at any distance from London.</p> + +<hr class="full" > + + <p><b>UNITED KINGDOM LIFE ASSURANCE COMPANY:</b> established by Act of + Parliament in 1834.—8. Waterloo Place, Pall Mall, London.</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>HONORARY PRESIDENTS.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p>Earl of Courtown</p> + <p>Earl Leven and Melville</p> + <p>Earl of Norbury</p> + <p>Earl of Stair</p> + <p>Viscount Falkland</p> + <p>Lord Elphinstone</p> + <p>Lord Belhaven and Stenton</p> + <p>Wm. Campbell, Esq., of Tillichewan</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i2">LONDON BOARD.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p><i>Chairman.</i>—Charles Graham, Esq.</p> + <p><i>Deputy-Chairman.</i>—Charles Downes, Esq.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p>H. Blair Avarne, Esq.</p> + <p>E. Lennox Boyd, Esq., F.S.A., <i>Resident</i>.</p> + <p>C. Berwick Curtis, Esq.</p> + <p>William Fairlie, Esq.</p> + <p>D. Q. Henriques, Esq.</p> + <p>J. G. Henriques, Esq.</p> + <p>F. C. Maitland, Esq.</p> + <p>William Railton, Esq.</p> + <p>F. H. Thomson, Esq.</p> + <p>Thomas Thorby, Esq.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p>MEDICAL OFFICERS.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p><i>Physician.</i>—Arthur H. Hassall, Esq., M.D.,</p> + <p>8. Bennett Street, St. James's.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p><i>Surgeon.</i>—F. H. Tomson, Esq., 48. Berners Street.</p> + </div> + </div> + <p>The Bonus added to Policies from March, 1834, to December 31, 1847, is + as follows:—</p> + + +<table width="30%" class="allb" summary="Bonus added to Policies" title="Bonus added to Policies"> + <tr> + <td class="allb" style="text-align:center; width:33%" rowspan="2"> + <p>Sum<br /> + Assured</p> + </td> + <td class="allb" style="text-align:center; width:33%" rowspan="2"> + <p>Time<br /> + Assured.</p> + </td> + <td class="allb" style="text-align:center" colspan="2"> + <p>Sum added to<br /> + Policy</p> + </td> + <td class="allb" style="text-align:center; width:0%" rowspan="2"> + <p>Sum<br /> Payable<br /> at + Death.</p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="allb" style="text-align:center"> + <p>In 1841.</p> + </td> + <td class="allb" style="text-align:center"> + <p>In 1848.</p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="allb" style="text-align:right"> + <p><i>£ </i></p> + </td> + <td class="allb" style="text-align:left"> + </td> + <td class="allb" style="text-align:right; width:33%"> + <p><i>£ s. d.</i></p> + </td> + <td class="allb" style="text-align:right"> + <p><i>£ s. d.</i></p> + </td> + <td class="allb" style="text-align:right"> + <p><i>£ s. d.</i></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="allb" style="text-align:right"> + <p>5000</p> + </td> + <td class="allb" style="text-align:left"> + <p>14 years</p> + </td> + <td class="allb" style="text-align:right"> + <p>683 6 8 </p> + </td> + <td class="allb" style="text-align:right"> + <p>787 10 0 </p> + </td> + <td class="allb" style="text-align:right"> + <p>6470 16 8 </p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="allb" style="text-align:right"> + <p>* 1000</p> + </td> + <td class="allb" style="text-align:left"> + <p> 7 years</p> + </td> + <td class="allb" style="text-align:center"> + <p>-</p> + </td> + <td class="allb" style="text-align:right"> + <p>157 10 0 </p> + </td> + <td class="allb" style="text-align:right"> + <p>1157 10 0 </p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="allb" style="text-align:right"> + <p>500</p> + </td> + <td class="allb" style="text-align:left"> + <p> 1 year</p> + </td> + <td class="allb" style="text-align:center"> + <p>-</p> + </td> + <td class="allb" style="text-align:right"> + <p>11 5 0 </p> + </td> + <td class="allb" style="text-align:right"> + <p>511 5 0 </p> + </td> + </tr> +</table> + + <p>* <span class="sc">Example.</span>—At the commencement of the + year 1841, a person aged thirty took out a Policy for 1000<i>l.</i>, the + annual payment for which is 24<i>l.</i> 1<i>s.</i> 8<i>d.</i>; in 1847 he + had paid in premiums 168<i>l.</i> 11<i>s.</i> 8<i>d.</i>; but the profits + being 2-1/4 per cent. per annum on the sum insured (which is 22<i>l.</i> + 10<i>s.</i> per annum for each 1000<i>l.</i>) he had 157<i>l.</i> + 10<i>s.</i> added to the Policy, almost as much as the premiums paid.</p> + + <p>The Premiums, nevertheless, are on the most moderate scale, and only + one-half need be paid for the first five years, when the Insurance is for + Life. Every information will be afforded on application to the Resident + Director.</p> + +<hr class="full" > + + <p><b>HEAL & SON'S</b> ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE OF BEDSTEADS, sent free + by post. It contains designs and prices of upwards of ONE HUNDRED + different Bedsteads: also of every description of Bedding, Blankets, and + Quilts. And their new warerooms contain an extensive assortment of + Bed-room Furniture, Furniture Chintzes, Damasks, and Dimities, so as to + render their Establishment complete for the general furnishing of + Bed-rooms.</p> + + <p>HEAL & SON, Bedstead and Bedding Manufacturers, 196. Tottenham + Court Road. <!-- Page 492 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page492"></a>{492}</span></p> + +<hr class="full" > + +<h3>MR. HALLIWELL'S<br /> +FOLIO EDITION OF SHAKSPEARE.</h3> + +<hr class="short" > + + <p>SPECIMEN COPIES of the First Volume of this Work may be seen at MR. + SKEFFINGTON'S, 192. Piccadilly, and at MR. RUSSELL SMITH'S, 36. Soho + Square, London.</p> + + <p>The Editor having, at a great sacrifice, adhered to the original + limit, and the estimates having been considerably exceeded, has been + compelled, to avoid incurring an extravagant loss, to make the terms very + absolute, and to raise the Subscription to the later copies. + Notwithstanding, therefore, the great demand for the Work, a few copies + may still be secured by early written application.</p> + + <p>All communications on the subject are requested to be addressed + to—</p> + + <p>J. O. HALLIWELL, ESQ., <span class="sc">Avenue Lodge, Brixton Hill, + Surrey</span>.</p> + +<hr class="full" > + +<p class="cenhead">TO ALL WHO HAVE FARMS OR GARDENS.</p> + + <p><b>THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE AND AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE.</b></p> + + <p>(The Horticultural Part edited by PROF. LINDLEY)</p> + + <p>Of Saturday May 7, contains Articles on</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>Agriculture, history of</p> + <p>Attraction, capillary</p> + <p>Barley, to transplant, by Messrs. Hardy</p> + <p>Beetle, instinct of</p> + <p>Books noticed</p> + <p>Butterfly, instinct of</p> + <p>Calendar, horticultural</p> + <p>——, agricultural</p> + <p>Columnea Schiedeana</p> + <p>Dahlia, the, by Mr. Edwards</p> + <p>Digging machine, Samuelson's</p> + <p>Eggs, to keep</p> + <p>Farm leases, by Mr. Morton</p> + <p>Frost, plants injured by</p> + <p>Grapes, colouring</p> + <p>Green, German, by Mr. Prideaux</p> + <p>Heat, bottom</p> + <p>Heating, gas, by Mr. Lucas</p> + <p>Ireland, tenant-right in</p> + <p>Kilwhiss <i>v.</i> Rothamsted experiments, by Mr. Russell</p> + <p>Land, transfer of</p> + <p>Law of transfer</p> + <p>Leases, farm, by Mr. Morton</p> + <p>Level, new plummet, by Mr. Ennis</p> + <p>Nelumbium luteum</p> + <p>Orchard houses, by Mr. Russell (with engravings)</p> + <p>Orchids, sale of</p> + <p>Paints, green, by Mr. Prideaux</p> + <p>Plants, effects of frost on</p> + <p>——, bottom-heat for</p> + <p>Potatoe disease, by Mr. Hopps</p> + <p>Rooks</p> + <p>Schools, self-supporting</p> + <p>Society of Arts</p> + <p>Societies, proceedings of the Horticultural, Linnean, National Floricultural, Agricultural of England</p> + <p>Sparrows</p> + <p>Strawberry, Cuthill's</p> + <p>Tenant-right in Ireland</p> + <p>Veitch's Nursery, Chelsea</p> + <p>Water Lilies, eradicating</p> + <p>Winter, the late</p> + </div> + </div> +<hr class="short" > + + <p>THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE and AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE contains, in + addition to the above, the Covent Garden, Mark Lane, Smithfield, and + Liverpool prices, with returns from the Potato, Hop, Hay, Coal, Timber, + Bark, Wool, and Seed Markets, and a <i>complete Newspaper, with a + condensed account of all the transactions of the week</i>.</p> + + <p>ORDER of any Newsvender. OFFICE for Advertisements, 5. Upper + Wellington Street, Covent Gardens, London.</p> + +<hr class="full" > + +<p class="cenhead">Published on the 4th May, 1853, in One Volume +4to., cloth, price 24<i>s.</i></p> + + <p><b>A NEW GREEK HARMONY</b> OF THE FOUR GOSPELS, including an + Introductory Treatise, and numerous Tables, Indexes, and Diagrams. By + WILLIAM STROUD, M.D.</p> + + <p>SAMUEL BAGSTER & SONS, 15. Paternoster Row, London.</p> + +<hr class="full" > + +<p class="cenhead">MUSEUM OF CLASSICAL ANTIQUITIES.<br /> +Vol. II. Pt. 4. 6<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>, and Supplement 5<i>s.</i>, April and May, 1853.</p> + + <p><b>ON THE TRUE SITE OF CALVARY</b>, with a restored Plan of the + ancient City of JERUSALEM.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">By <img src="images/048.png" alt="Arabic signature" /></p> + + <p>T. RICHARDS, 37. Great Queen Street, Lincoln's Inn.</p> + +<hr class="full" > + +<p class="cenhead">NEW EDITION OF LAYS OF THE +SCOTTISH CAVALIERS.<p class="cenhead"> + + <p>On Monday will be published in fcap. 8vo., a new Edition, being the + SIXTH, of</p> + + <p><b>LAYS OF THE SCOTTISH CAVALIERS. By W. EDMONSTOUN AYTOUN</b>. Price + 7<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p> + + <p>WILLIAM BLACKWOOD & SONS, Edinburgh and London.</p> + +<hr class="full" > + +<p class="cenhead">This day is published,</p> + + <p><b>PICTORIAL ILLUSTRATIONS</b> of the Catalogue of Manuscripts in + Gonville and Caius College Library. Selected by the REV. J. J. SMITH. + Being Facsimiles of Illumination, Text, and Autograph, done in + Lithograph, 4to. size, with Letter-press Description in 8vo., as + Companion to the published Catalogue, price 1<i>l.</i> 4<i>s.</i></p> + + <p>A few copies may be had of which the colouring of the Plates is more + highly finished. Price 1<i>l.</i> 10<i>s.</i></p> + + <p>Cambridge: JOHN DEIGHTON.</p> + + <p>London: GEORGE BELL.</p> + +<hr class="full" > + +<p class="cenhead">CONCLUDING VOLUME OF ARNOLD'S +SELECTIONS FROM CICERO.</p> + + <p>Now ready, 12mo., price 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p> + + <p><b>SELECTIONS</b> from <b>CICERO</b>. Part V.; CATO MAJOR, sive De + SENECTUTE Dialogus. With English Notes, from the German of JULIUS + SOMMERBRODT, by the REV. HENRY BROWNE, M.A., Canon of Chichester. + (Forming a New Volume of ARNOLD'S SCHOOL CLASSICS.)</p> + + <p>RIVINGTONS, St. Paul's Church Yard, and Waterloo Place.</p> + + <p>Of whom may be had, (in the same Series,)</p> + + <p>SELECTIONS from CICERO, with ENGLISH NOTES. PART I. Orations, + 4<i>s.</i> PART II. Epistles, 5<i>s.</i> PART III. Tusculan Disputations, + 5<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> PART IV. De Finibus Malorum et Bonorum. 5<i>s.</i> + 6<i>d.</i></p> + +<hr class="full" > + +<p class="cenhead">Just published, quarto, 5<i>s.</i>, cloth,</p> + + <p><b>TEMPLE BAR: THE CITY GOLGOTHA</b>.—Narrative of the + Historical Occurrences of a Criminal Character, associated with the + present Bar. BY A MEMBER OF THE INNER TEMPLE.</p> + +<blockquote class="b1"> + + <p>"A chatty and anecdotical history of this last remaining gate of the + city, acceptable particularly to London antiquaries."—<i>Notes and + Queries</i>.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>DAVID BOGUE, Fleet Street.</p> + +<hr class="full" > + +<p class="cenhead">IN VOLUMES FOR THE POCKET, PRICE +FIVE SHILLINGS EACH.</p> + + <p>Now ready, in Six Volumes, fcp. 8vo., price 5<i>s.</i> each.</p> + + <p><b>BOWDLER'S FAMILY SHAKSPEARE</b>. In which nothing is <i>added</i> + to the Original Text; but those Words and Expressions are <i>omitted</i> + which cannot with propriety be read aloud in a Family. A New Edition.</p> + + <p>*** Also a LIBRARY EDITION, with 36 Wood Engravings, from Designs by + Smirke, Howard, and other Artists; complete in One Volume, 8vo., price + One Guinea.</p> + + <p>London: LONGMAN, BROWN, GREEN, & LONGINGS.</p> + +<hr class="full" > + + <p><b>THE NATIONAL MISCELLANY</b>, No. I., for MAY, price 1<i>s.</i>, + contains:—</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>1. Our First Words.</p> + <p>2. A Few Words for May-Day.</p> + <p>3. The Love of Horrors.</p> + <p>4. Layard's Last Discoveries.</p> + <p>5. Railway Literature.</p> + <p>6. The Old Royal Palaces at Oxford.</p> + <p>7. The Poultry Mania.</p> + <p>8. Public Libraries.</p> + <p>9. Slavery in America.</p> + <p>10. Social Life in Paris.</p> + </div> + </div> + <p>JOHN HENRY PARKER 377. Strand; and of all Booksellers and Railway + stations.</p> + +<hr class="full" > + + <p><b>ROYAL ASYLUM OF ST. ANN'S SOCIETY</b>.—Waiting not for the + Child of those once in prosperity to become an Orphan, but by Voluntary + Contributions affording at once a Home, Clothing, Maintenance, and + Education.</p> + + <p>The Half-yearly Election will take place at the London Tavern on + Friday, August l2th, next.</p> + + <p>Forms of Nomination may be procured at the Office, where Subscriptions + will be thankfully received.</p> + + <p>Executors of Benefactors by Will become Life Governors according to + the amount of the Bequest.</p> + + <p>E. F. LEEKS, Secretary.</p> + + <p>2. Charlotte Row, Mansion House.</p> + +<hr class="full" > + + <p>Printed by <span class="sc">Thomas Clark Shaw</span>, of No. 10. + Stonefield Street, in the Parish of St. Mary, Islington, at No. 5. New + Street Square, in the Parish of St. Bride, in the City of London; and + published by <span class="sc">George Bell</span>, of No. 186. Fleet + Street, in the Parish of St. Dunstan in the West, in the City of London, + Publisher, at No. 186. Fleet Street aforesaid.—Saturday, May 14, + 1853.</p> + + + + + + + + +<pre> + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes and Queries, Number 185, May 14, +1853, by Various + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES *** + +***** This file should be named 20408-h.htm or 20408-h.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/2/0/4/0/20408/ + +Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram, Keith Edkins +and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at +https://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images +generously made available by The Internet Library of Early +Journals.) + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. Special rules, +set forth in the General Terms of Use part of this license, apply to +copying and distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works to +protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm concept and trademark. Project +Gutenberg is a registered trademark, and may not be used if you +charge for the eBooks, unless you receive specific permission. If you +do not charge anything for copies of this eBook, complying with the +rules is very easy. You may use this eBook for nearly any purpose +such as creation of derivative works, reports, performances and +research. They may be modified and printed and given away--you may do +practically ANYTHING with public domain eBooks. Redistribution is +subject to the trademark license, especially commercial +redistribution. + + + +*** START: FULL LICENSE *** + +THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE +PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK + +To protect the Project Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting the free +distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work +(or any other work associated in any way with the phrase "Project +Gutenberg"), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full Project +Gutenberg-tm License (available with this file or online at +https://gutenberg.org/license). + + +Section 1. General Terms of Use and Redistributing Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic works + +1.A. By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree to +and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property +(trademark/copyright) agreement. If you do not agree to abide by all +the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or destroy +all copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in your possession. +If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic work and you do not agree to be bound by the +terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from the person or +entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in paragraph 1.E.8. + +1.B. "Project Gutenberg" is a registered trademark. It may only be +used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people who +agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement. There are a few +things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works +even without complying with the full terms of this agreement. See +paragraph 1.C below. There are a lot of things you can do with Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic works if you follow the terms of this agreement +and help preserve free future access to Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works. See paragraph 1.E below. + +1.C. The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation ("the Foundation" +or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the collection of Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic works. Nearly all the individual works in the +collection are in the public domain in the United States. If an +individual work is in the public domain in the United States and you are +located in the United States, we do not claim a right to prevent you from +copying, distributing, performing, displaying or creating derivative +works based on the work as long as all references to Project Gutenberg +are removed. Of course, we hope that you will support the Project +Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting free access to electronic works by +freely sharing Project Gutenberg-tm works in compliance with the terms of +this agreement for keeping the Project Gutenberg-tm name associated with +the work. You can easily comply with the terms of this agreement by +keeping this work in the same format with its attached full Project +Gutenberg-tm License when you share it without charge with others. + +1.D. The copyright laws of the place where you are located also govern +what you can do with this work. Copyright laws in most countries are in +a constant state of change. If you are outside the United States, check +the laws of your country in addition to the terms of this agreement +before downloading, copying, displaying, performing, distributing or +creating derivative works based on this work or any other Project +Gutenberg-tm work. The Foundation makes no representations concerning +the copyright status of any work in any country outside the United +States. + +1.E. Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg: + +1.E.1. The following sentence, with active links to, or other immediate +access to, the full Project Gutenberg-tm License must appear prominently +whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg-tm work (any work on which the +phrase "Project Gutenberg" appears, or with which the phrase "Project +Gutenberg" is associated) is accessed, displayed, performed, viewed, +copied or distributed: + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + +1.E.2. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is derived +from the public domain (does not contain a notice indicating that it is +posted with permission of the copyright holder), the work can be copied +and distributed to anyone in the United States without paying any fees +or charges. If you are redistributing or providing access to a work +with the phrase "Project Gutenberg" associated with or appearing on the +work, you must comply either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1 +through 1.E.7 or obtain permission for the use of the work and the +Project Gutenberg-tm trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or +1.E.9. + +1.E.3. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is posted +with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution +must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any additional +terms imposed by the copyright holder. Additional terms will be linked +to the Project Gutenberg-tm License for all works posted with the +permission of the copyright holder found at the beginning of this work. + +1.E.4. Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project Gutenberg-tm +License terms from this work, or any files containing a part of this +work or any other work associated with Project Gutenberg-tm. + +1.E.5. Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this +electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without +prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with +active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project +Gutenberg-tm License. + +1.E.6. You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary, +compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form, including any +word processing or hypertext form. However, if you provide access to or +distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg-tm work in a format other than +"Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other format used in the official version +posted on the official Project Gutenberg-tm web site (www.gutenberg.org), +you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense to the user, provide a +copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means of obtaining a copy upon +request, of the work in its original "Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other +form. Any alternate format must include the full Project Gutenberg-tm +License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1. + +1.E.7. Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying, +performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg-tm works +unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9. + +1.E.8. You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing +access to or distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works provided +that + +- You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from + the use of Project Gutenberg-tm works calculated using the method + you already use to calculate your applicable taxes. The fee is + owed to the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark, but he + has agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to the + Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation. Royalty payments + must be paid within 60 days following each date on which you + prepare (or are legally required to prepare) your periodic tax + returns. Royalty payments should be clearly marked as such and + sent to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation at the + address specified in Section 4, "Information about donations to + the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation." + +- You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who notifies + you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that s/he + does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg-tm + License. You must require such a user to return or + destroy all copies of the works possessed in a physical medium + and discontinue all use of and all access to other copies of + Project Gutenberg-tm works. + +- You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of any + money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in the + electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90 days + of receipt of the work. + +- You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free + distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm works. + +1.E.9. If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic work or group of works on different terms than are set +forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing from +both the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation and Michael +Hart, the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark. Contact the +Foundation as set forth in Section 3 below. + +1.F. + +1.F.1. Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend considerable +effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe and proofread +public domain works in creating the Project Gutenberg-tm +collection. Despite these efforts, Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works, and the medium on which they may be stored, may contain +"Defects," such as, but not limited to, incomplete, inaccurate or +corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other intellectual +property infringement, a defective or damaged disk or other medium, a +computer virus, or computer codes that damage or cannot be read by +your equipment. + +1.F.2. LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Except for the "Right +of Replacement or Refund" described in paragraph 1.F.3, the Project +Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner of the Project +Gutenberg-tm trademark, and any other party distributing a Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic work under this agreement, disclaim all +liability to you for damages, costs and expenses, including legal +fees. YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT +LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE +PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH F3. YOU AGREE THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE +TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE +LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR +INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH +DAMAGE. + +1.F.3. LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you discover a +defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it, you can +receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by sending a +written explanation to the person you received the work from. If you +received the work on a physical medium, you must return the medium with +your written explanation. The person or entity that provided you with +the defective work may elect to provide a replacement copy in lieu of a +refund. If you received the work electronically, the person or entity +providing it to you may choose to give you a second opportunity to +receive the work electronically in lieu of a refund. If the second copy +is also defective, you may demand a refund in writing without further +opportunities to fix the problem. + +1.F.4. Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth +in paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you 'AS-IS' WITH NO OTHER +WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO +WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTIBILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE. + +1.F.5. Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied +warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of damages. +If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement violates the +law of the state applicable to this agreement, the agreement shall be +interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or limitation permitted by +the applicable state law. The invalidity or unenforceability of any +provision of this agreement shall not void the remaining provisions. + +1.F.6. INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the Foundation, the +trademark owner, any agent or employee of the Foundation, anyone +providing copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in accordance +with this agreement, and any volunteers associated with the production, +promotion and distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works, +harmless from all liability, costs and expenses, including legal fees, +that arise directly or indirectly from any of the following which you do +or cause to occur: (a) distribution of this or any Project Gutenberg-tm +work, (b) alteration, modification, or additions or deletions to any +Project Gutenberg-tm work, and (c) any Defect you cause. + + +Section 2. Information about the Mission of Project Gutenberg-tm + +Project Gutenberg-tm is synonymous with the free distribution of +electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of computers +including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers. It exists +because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and donations from +people in all walks of life. + +Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the +assistance they need, is critical to reaching Project Gutenberg-tm's +goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg-tm collection will +remain freely available for generations to come. In 2001, the Project +Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a secure +and permanent future for Project Gutenberg-tm and future generations. +To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation +and how your efforts and donations can help, see Sections 3 and 4 +and the Foundation web page at https://www.pglaf.org. + + +Section 3. Information about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive +Foundation + +The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non profit +501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the +state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal +Revenue Service. The Foundation's EIN or federal tax identification +number is 64-6221541. Its 501(c)(3) letter is posted at +https://pglaf.org/fundraising. Contributions to the Project Gutenberg +Literary Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent +permitted by U.S. federal laws and your state's laws. + +The Foundation's principal office is located at 4557 Melan Dr. S. +Fairbanks, AK, 99712., but its volunteers and employees are scattered +throughout numerous locations. Its business office is located at +809 North 1500 West, Salt Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887, email +business@pglaf.org. Email contact links and up to date contact +information can be found at the Foundation's web site and official +page at https://pglaf.org + +For additional contact information: + Dr. Gregory B. Newby + Chief Executive and Director + gbnewby@pglaf.org + + +Section 4. Information about Donations to the Project Gutenberg +Literary Archive Foundation + +Project Gutenberg-tm depends upon and cannot survive without wide +spread public support and donations to carry out its mission of +increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can be +freely distributed in machine readable form accessible by the widest +array of equipment including outdated equipment. Many small donations +($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax exempt +status with the IRS. + +The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating +charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United +States. Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a +considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and keep up +with these requirements. We do not solicit donations in locations +where we have not received written confirmation of compliance. To +SEND DONATIONS or determine the status of compliance for any +particular state visit https://pglaf.org + +While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where we +have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no prohibition +against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in such states who +approach us with offers to donate. + +International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make +any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from +outside the United States. U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff. + +Please check the Project Gutenberg Web pages for current donation +methods and addresses. Donations are accepted in a number of other +ways including including checks, online payments and credit card +donations. To donate, please visit: https://pglaf.org/donate + + +Section 5. General Information About Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works. + +Professor Michael S. Hart was the originator of the Project Gutenberg-tm +concept of a library of electronic works that could be freely shared +with anyone. For thirty years, he produced and distributed Project +Gutenberg-tm eBooks with only a loose network of volunteer support. + + +Project Gutenberg-tm eBooks are often created from several printed +editions, all of which are confirmed as Public Domain in the U.S. +unless a copyright notice is included. Thus, we do not necessarily +keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper edition. + + +Most people start at our Web site which has the main PG search facility: + + https://www.gutenberg.org + +This Web site includes information about Project Gutenberg-tm, +including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary +Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to +subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks. + + +</pre> + +</body> +</html> |