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+Project Gutenberg's Notes and Queries, Number 189, June 11, 1853, by Various
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: Notes and Queries, Number 189, June 11, 1853
+       A Medium of Inter-communication for Literary Men, Artists,
+       Antiquaries, Genealogists, etc.
+
+Author: Various
+
+Editor: George Bell
+
+Release Date: January 15, 2007 [EBook #20364]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram, Keith Edkins
+and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at
+http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images
+generously made available by The Internet Library of Early
+Journals.)
+
+
+
+
+
+Transcriber's note: A few typographical errors have been corrected: they
+are listed at the end of the text.
+
+{565}
+
+NOTES AND QUERIES:
+
+A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES,
+GENEALOGISTS, ETC.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+"When found, make a note of."--CAPTAIN CUTTLE.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+No. 189.]
+Saturday, June 11, 1853.
+[Price Fourpence. Stamped Edition 5d.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+CONTENTS.
+
+  NOTES:--                                   Page
+    Tom Moore's First!                                 565
+    Notes on several Misunderstood Words, by the Rev.
+      W. R. Arrowsmith                                 566
+    Verney Papers: the Capuchin Friars, &c., by Thompson
+      Cooper                                           568
+    Early Satirical Poem                               568
+    The Letters of Atticus, by William Cramp           569
+
+    MINOR NOTES:--Irish Bishops as English Suffragans--
+        Pope and Buchanan--Scarce MSS. in the British
+        Museum--The Royal Garden at Holyrood Palace--
+        The Old Ship "Royal Escape"                    569
+
+  QUERIES:--
+   "The Light of Brittaine"                           570
+
+    MINOR QUERIES:--Thirteen an unlucky Number--
+      Quotations--"Other-some" and "Unneath"--
+      Newx, &c.--"A Joabi Alloquio"--Illuminations--
+      Heraldic Queries--John's Spoils from Peterborough
+      and Crowland--"Elementa sex." &c.--Jack and Gill:
+      Sir Hubbard de Hoy--Humphrey Hawarden--"Populus
+      vult decipi"--Sheriffs of Huntingdonshire and
+      Cambridgeshire--Harris                           571
+
+  REPLIES:--
+    Bishop Butler, by J. H. Markland, &c.              572
+    Mitigation of Capital Punishment to Forgers        573
+    Mythe _versus_ Myth, by Charles Thiriold      575
+   "Inquiry into the State of the Union, by the Wednesday
+      Club in Friday Street," by James Crossley        576
+    Unpublished Epigram by Sir Walter Scott, by William
+      Williams, &c.                                    576
+    Church Catechism                                   577
+    Jacob Bobart, &c., by Dr. E. F. Rimbault           578
+   "Its," by W. B. Rye                                578
+    Bohn's Edition of Hoveden, by Henry T. Riley       579
+    Books of Emblems, by J. B. Yates, &c.              579
+
+    PHOTOGRAPHIC CORRESPONDENCE:--Mr. Pollock's Directions
+      for obtaining Positive Photographs upon
+      albumenised Paper--Test for Lenses--Washing Collodion
+      Pictures                                         581
+
+    REPLIES TO MINOR QUERIES:--Cremonas--James Chaloner
+      --Irish Convocation--St. Paul's Epistle to Seneca
+      --Captain Ayloff--Plan of London--Syriac Scriptures
+      --Meaning of "Worth"--Khond Fable--Collar of S3.
+      --Chaucer's Knowledge of Italian--Pic Nic--Canker
+      or Brier Rose--Door-head Inscriptions--"Time and
+      I"--Lowbell--Overseers of Wills--Detached Belfry
+      Towers--Vincent Family, &c.                      582
+
+  MISCELLANEOUS:--
+    Books and Odd Volumes wanted                       586
+    Notices to Correspondents                          586
+    Advertisements                                     587
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Notes.
+
+TOM MOORE'S FIRST!
+
+It is now generally understood that the first poetic effusion of Thomas
+Moore was entrusted to a publication entitled _Anthologia Hibernica_, which
+held its monthly existence from Jan. 1793 to December 1794, and is now a
+repertorium of the spirited efforts made in Ireland in that day to
+establish periodical literature. The set is complete in four volumes: and
+being anxious to see if I could trace the "fine Roman" hand of him whom his
+noble poetic satirist, and after fast friend, Byron, styled the "young
+Catullus of his day," I went to the volumes, and give you the result.
+
+No trace of Moore appears in the volume containing the first six months of
+the publication; but in the "List of Subscribers" in the second, we see
+"_Master_ Thomas Moore;" and as we find this designation changed in the
+fourth volume to "_Mr._ Thomas Moore, Trinity College, Dublin!" (a boy with
+a black ribband in his collar, being as a collegian an "_ex officio_
+man!"), we may take it for ascertained that we have arrived at the
+well-spring of those effusions which have since flowed in such sparkling
+volumes among the poetry of the day.
+
+Moore's first contribution is easily identified; for it is prefaced by a
+note, dated "Aungier Street, Sept. 11, 1793," which contains the usual
+request of insertion for "_the attempts of a youthful muse_," &c., and is
+signed in the semi-incognito style, "Th-m-s M--re;" the writer fearing,
+doubtless, lest his fond mamma should fail to recognise in _his own copy_
+of the periodical the performance of her little precocious Apollo.
+
+This contribution consists of two pieces, of which we have room but for the
+first: which is a striking exemplification (in subject at least) of
+Wordsworth's aphorism, that "the child is father to the man." It is a
+sonnet addressed to "Zelia," "_On her charging the author with writing too
+much on Love!_" Who _Zelia_ was--whether a lineal ancestress of Dickens's
+"Mrs. Harris," or some actual grown up young lady, who was teased by, and
+tried to check the chirpings of the little {566} precocious singing
+bird--does not appear: but we suspect the former, for this sonnet is
+immediately followed by "A Pastoral Ballad!" calling upon some _Celia_
+unknown to "pity his tears and complaint," &c., in the usual namby-pamby
+style of these compositions. To any one who considers the smart,
+_espiègle_, highly artificial style of "Tom Moore's" after compositions,
+his "Pastoral Ballad" will be what Coleridge called his Vision, a
+"psychological curiosity."
+
+Passing on through the volumes, in the Number for February 1794 we find a
+paraphrase of the Fifth Ode of Anacreon, by "Thomas Moore;" another short
+poem in June 1794, "To the Memory of Francis Perry, Esq.," signed "T. M.,"
+and dated "Aungier Street." These are all which can be identified by
+outward and visible signs, without danger of mistake: but there are a
+number of others scattered through the volumes which I conjecture may be
+his; they are under different signatures, generally T. L., which may be
+taken to stand for the _alias_ "Thomas Little," by which Moore afterwards
+made himself so well known. There is an "Ode to Morning," in the Number for
+March 1794, above the ordinary run of magazine poetry. And in the Number
+for May following are "Imitations from the Greek" and Italian, all under
+this same signature. And this last being derived from some words in
+Petrarch's will, bequeathing his lute to a friend, is the more curious; and
+may the more probably be supposed Moore's, as it contains a thought which
+is not unlikely to have suggested in after years the idea of his celebrated
+melody, entitled the "Bard's Legacy." The Number for Nov. 1794, last but
+one in the fourth volume, contains a little piece on "Variety," which
+independent of a T. M. signature, I would _almost swear_, from internal
+evidence, to be Moore's; it is the last in the series, and indicates such
+progress as two years might be supposed to give the youthful poet, from the
+lack-a-daisical style of his first attempts, towards that light, brilliant,
+sportive vein of humour in which he afterwards wrote "What the Bee is to
+the Flowret," &c., and other similar compositions. I now give Moore's first
+sonnet, including its footnote, reminding us of the child's usual
+explanatory addition to his first drawing of some amorphous animal--"This
+is a horse!" or "a bear!" as the case may be. Neither the _metre_ nor the
+_matter_ would prepare us for the height to which the writer afterwards
+scaled "the mountain's height of Parnassus:"
+
+                 "TO ZELIA.
+
+  (_On her charging the Author with writing too much on Love._)
+
+ 'Tis true my Muse to love inclines,
+  And wreaths of Cypria's myrtle twines;
+  Quits all aspiring, lofty views,
+  And chaunts what Nature's gifts infuse:
+  Timid to try the mountain's* height,
+  Beneath she strays, retir'd from sight,
+  Careless, culling amorous flowers;
+  Or quaffing mirth in Bacchus' bowers.
+  When first she raised her simplest lays
+  In Cupid's never-ceasing praise,
+    The God a faithful promise gave--
+  That never should she feel Love's stings,
+    Never to burning passion be a slave,
+  But feel the purer joy _thy_ friendship brings.
+
+          * Parnassus!"
+
+If you think this fruit of a research into a now almost forgotten work,
+which however contains many matters of interest (among the rest, "The
+Baviad of Gifford"), worth insertion, please put it among "N. & Q.;" it may
+incite others to look more closely, and perhaps trace other "disjecta
+membra poetæ."
+
+A. B. R.
+
+Belmont.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+NOTES ON SEVERAL MISUNDERSTOOD WORDS.
+
+(_Continued from_ p. 544.)
+
+Let no one say that a tithe of these instances would have sufficed. Whoever
+thinks so, little understands the vitality of error. Most things die when
+the brains are out: error has no brains, though it has more heads than the
+hydra. Who could have believed it possible that after Steevens's heaped-up
+proofs in support of the authentic reading, "_carded_ his state" (_King
+Henry IV._, Act III. Scene 2.), Warburton's corruption, _'scarded_, i. e.
+_discarded_, was again to be foisted into the text on the authority of some
+nameless and apocryphal commentator? Let me be pardoned if I prefer
+Shakspeare's genuine text, backed by the masterly illustrations of his
+ablest glossarist, before the wishy-washy adulterations of Nobody: and as a
+small contribution to his abundant avouchment of the original reading, the
+underwritten passage may be flung in, by way of make-weight:
+
+         "_Carded_ his state (says King Henry),
+  _Mingled_ his royaltie with carping fooles."
+
+    "Since which it hath been and is his daily practice, either to broach
+    doctrinas novas et peregrinas, new imaginations never heard of before,
+    or to revive the old and new dress them. And these--for that by
+    themselves they will not utter--_to mingle and to card_ with the
+    Apostles' doctrine, &c., that at the least yet he may so vent
+    them."--One of the Sermons upon the Second Commandment, preached in the
+    Parish Church of St. Giles, Cripplegate, on the Ninth of January, A.D.
+    MDXCII.: Andrewes' Sermons, vol. v. p. 55. _Lib. Ang.-Cath. Theol._
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+_Trash_, to shred or lop.--So said Steevens, alleging that he had met with
+it in books containing directions for gardeners, published in the time of
+{567} Queen Elizabeth. I fear his memory deceived him, or why should a man
+of his sound learning afterwards incline to vail bonnet to the dogmatist
+Warburton? whose knowledge of dogs, by the way, must have been marvellously
+small, or he could never have imagined them to overtop one another in a
+horizontal course. _Overrun_, _overshoot_, _overslip_, are terms in
+hunting, _overtop_ never; except perchance in the vocabulary of the wild
+huntsman of the Alps. _Trash_ occurs as a verb in the sense above given,
+Act I. Sc. 2. of the _Tempest_: "Who t'aduance, and who to _trash_ for
+over-topping." I have never met with the _verb_ in that sense elsewhere,
+but overtop is evermore the appropriate term in arboriculture. To quote
+examples of that is needless. Of it metaphorically applied, just as in
+Shakspeare, take the following example:
+
+    "Of those three estates, which swayeth most, that in a manner doth
+    overtop the rest, and like a foregrown member depriveth the other of
+    their proportion of growth."--Andrewes' Sermons, vol. v. p. 177., _Lib.
+    Ang.-Cath. Theol._
+
+Have we not the substantive _trash_ in the sense of shreddings, at p. 542.
+book iii. of a _Discourse of Forest Trees_, by John Evelyn? The extract
+that contains the word is this:
+
+    "Faggots to be every stick of three feet in length, excepting only one
+    stick of one foot long, to harden and wedge the binding of it; this to
+    prevent the abuse, too much practised, of filling the middle part and
+    ends with _trash_ and short sticks, which had been omitted in the
+    former statute."
+
+Possibly some of the statutes referred to by Evelyn may contain examples of
+the verb. In the meantime it will not be impertinent to remark, that what
+appears to be nothing more than a dialectic variety of the word, namely
+_trouse_, is of every-day use in this county of Hereford for trimmings of
+hedges; that it is given by Grose as a verb in use in Warwickshire for
+trimming off the superfluous branches; and lastly, that it is employed as a
+substantive to signify shreddings by Philemon Holland, who, if I rightly
+remember, was many years head master of Coventry Grammar School:
+
+    "Prouided alwaies, that they be paued beneath with stone; and for want
+    thereof, laid with green willow bastons, and for default of them, with
+    vine cuttings, or such _trousse_, so that they lie halfe a foot
+    thicke."--The Seuenteenth Booke of Plinie's _Naturall History_, chap.
+    xi. p. 513.: London, 1634.
+
+_Trash_ no one denies to be a kennel term for hampering a dog, but it does
+not presently follow that the word bore no other signification; indeed,
+there is no more fruitful mother of confusion than homonomy.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+_Clamor_, to curb, restrain (the tongue):
+
+ "_Clamor_ your tongues, and not a word more."
+              _The Winter's Tale_, Act IV. Sc. 4.
+
+Most judiciously does NARES reject Gifford's corruption of this word into
+_charm_, nor will the suffrage of the "clever" old commentator one jot
+contribute to dispel their diffidence of this change, whom the severe
+discipline of many years' study, and the daily access of accumulating
+knowledge, have schooled into a wholesome sense of their extreme
+fallibility in such matters. Without adding any comment, I now quote, for
+the inspection of learned and unlearned, the two ensuing extracts:
+
+    "For Critias manaced and thretened hym, that onelesse he _chaumbreed_
+    his tongue in season, ther should ere l[=o]g bee one oxe the fewer for
+    hym."--_Apoptheymis of Erasmus_, translated by Nicolas Vdall,
+    MCCCCCXLII, the First Booke, p. 10.
+
+    "From no sorte of menne in the worlde did he refrein or _chaumbre_ the
+    tauntying of his tongue."--_Id._, p. 76.
+
+After so many Notes, one Query. In the second folio edition of Shakspeare
+(my first folio wants the whole play), I find in _Cymbeline_, Act V. Sc.
+3., the next beautiful passage:
+
+ "_Post._ Still going? This is a lord: Oh noble misery
+  To be ith' field, and aske what newes of me:
+  To-day how many would have given their honors
+  To have sav'd their carkasses? Tooke heele to doo't,
+  And yet dyed too. I in mine owne woe charm'd,
+  Could not find death, where I did heare him groane,
+  Nor feele him where he strooke. Being an ugly monster,
+ 'Tis strange he hides him in fresh cups, soft beds,
+  Sweet words; or hath moe ministers then we
+  That draw his knives ith' war. Well I will finde him:
+  For being now a favourer to the Britaine,
+  No more a Britaine, I have resum'd againe
+  The part I came in."
+
+In the antepenultimate line, Britaine was more than a century ago changed
+by Hanmer into Roman, therefore retained by Warburton, again rejected by
+Steevens and Johnson, once more replaced by Knight and Collier, with one of
+his usual happy notes by the former of the two, without comment by the
+latter, finally left unnoticed by Dyce. My Query then is this. What amount
+of obtuseness will disqualify a criticaster who itches to be tinkering and
+cobbling the noblest passages of thought that ever issued from mortal
+brain, while at the same time he stumbles and bungles in sentences of that
+simplicity and grammatical clearness, as not to tax the powers of a
+third-form schoolboy to explain?[1] If editors, commentators, {568}
+critics, and all the countless throng who are ambitious to daub with their
+un-tempered mortar, or scribble their names upon the most majestic edifice
+of genius that the world ever saw, lack the little discernment necessary to
+interpret aright the above extract from _Cymbeline_, for the last hundred
+years racked and tortured in vain, let them at length learn henceforth to
+distrust their judgment altogether.
+
+W. R. ARROWSMITH.
+
+P.S.--In article of No. 180. p. 353., a rather important misprint occurs,
+viz. date of 4to. _King Richard II._ with unusual title-page, which should
+be 1608, not 1605. Other little errors the reader may silently amend for
+himself.
+
+[Footnote 1: In a passage from L. L. L., lately winnowed in the pages of
+"N. & Q.," divers attempts at elucidation (whereof not one, in my judgment,
+was successful) having been made, it was gravely, almost magisterially
+proposed by one of the disputants, to corrupt the concluding lines (MR.
+COLLIER having already once before corrupted the preceding ones by
+substituting a plural for a singular verb, in which lay the true key to the
+right construction) by altering "their" the pronoun into "there" the
+adverb, because (shade of Murray!) the commentator could not discover of
+what noun "their" could possibly be the pronoun in these lines following:
+
+ "When great things labouring perish in their birth,
+  Their form confounded makes most form in mirth."
+
+And it was left to MR. KEIGHTLEY to bless the world with the information
+that it was "things."]
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+VERNEY PAPERS--THE CAPUCHIN FRIARS, ETC.
+
+In the appendix to _Notes of Proceedings in the Long Parliament_, by Sir
+Ralph Verney, edited by Mr. Bruce for the Camden Society in 1845, are
+"Notes written in a Cipher," which Mr. Bruce gives in the hope that the
+ingenuity of some reader will discover their meaning. I venture thus to
+decypher the same:
+
+ "The Capuchin's house to be dissolued.
+  No extracts of letters to be aloued in this house.
+  The prince is now come to Greenhich three lette.
+  Three greate ships staied in France.
+  Gersea a letter from Lord S^t Albones.
+  £11 per diem Hull.
+  The king's answert to our petition about the militia.
+  If a king offer to kil himselfe, wee must not only advise but wrest the
+      weapon from.
+  A similitude of a depilat.
+  Consciences corrupted."
+
+I ought to state that in one or two instances the wrong cypher has
+evidently been used by mistake, and this has of course increased the
+difficulty of decyphering the notes.
+
+With reference to the note "The Capuchins' House to be dissolued," may I be
+allowed to refer to the following votes in the House of Commons, of the
+date 26th February, 1641-2:
+
+    "Ordered, That Mr. Peard, Mr. Whistler, Mr. Reynolds, Mr. Pideaux, Mr.
+    Selden, Mr. Young, Mr. Hill, do presently withdraw, to peruse the
+    statutes now in force against priests and Jesuits.
+
+    "Ordered, That Mr. Whittacre, Mr. Morley, do presently go to Denmarke
+    House.
+
+    "Resolved, That the Capuchines shall be forthwith apprehended and taken
+    into safe custody by the Serjeant-at-Arms attending on this house; and
+    there kept till this house take farther order."
+
+The Capuchins were under the protection of the Queen Henrietta Maria;
+Denmark House was the name by which Somerset House was at the period known.
+
+Under date 2nd March, 1641-2, are the following entries in the Commons'
+Journal:
+
+    "Mr. Holles brings this answer from the French Ambassador, That the
+    Capuchins being sent hither by Articles of Treaty between the Two
+    Crowns, he durst not of himself send them without Order from the King
+    his Master, or the King and Queen here: And said farther, That the
+    Queen had left an express Command for their stay here; and that he
+    would be ever ready to do any good Office for this House, and to keep a
+    good Correspondency between the Two Crowns; and if this House pleased,
+    he would undertake to keep them safe Prisoners at Somersett House; and
+    that the chapel there shall have the doors locked, and no Mass be said
+    there.
+
+    "Ordered, That Mr. Hollis do acquaint the French Ambassador, that this
+    House doth accept of his Offer in securing the Persons of the
+    Capuchins, till this House take farther Order: and that the Doors be
+    locked, and made fast, at the Chapel at Somersett House; and that no
+    Mass be said there.
+
+    "Ordered, That the Lord Cramborne and Mr. Hollis shall acquaint the
+    French Ambassador with the desires of this House, that the Capuchins be
+    forthwith sent away; and to know if he will undertake to send them
+    away; and, if he will, that then they be forthwith delivered unto him.
+
+    "That Mr. Hollis do go up to the Lords, to acquaint them with the
+    Resolutions of this House, concerning the Capuchins, and desire their
+    Lordships' concurrence therein."
+
+Some particulars of the proceedings of the parliament against the Capuchins
+may be found in "Memoirs of the Mission in England of the Capuchin Friars
+of the Province of Paris by Father Cyprian Gamache," in _The Court and
+Times of Charles I._, vol. ii. pp. 344. 354.
+
+THOMPSON COOPER.
+
+Cambridge.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+EARLY SATIRICAL POEM.
+
+On the turning over the pages of an old printed copy of Durand's _Rationale
+Divinorum Officiorus_, edited by Bonetus de locatellis bergomensis, and
+printed at Lyons in 1506, by Natalis Brabam, for Jaques Huguetan, I found
+the following copy of verses written on the fly-leaf. They are written in a
+hand which I am inclined to assign to a date {569} not much later than that
+of the book. There is no clue to the author. If they are thought worthy of
+insertion in "N. & Q.," I beg to inquire, through the medium of your
+columns, whether they are to be found in any collection of early English
+poems? and whether the author is known?
+
+The ungallant sentiment of the first three stanzas is obvious. The fourth
+is not so plain; nor is its connexion with the others evident, though it is
+written without anything to mark separation; and the word "finis" is placed
+below it, as if to apply to the whole. I should be obliged if some one of
+your readers would give some explanation of it.
+
+W. H. G.
+
+Winchester.
+
+ "Wen [_sic_] nettylles in wynter bryngythe forthe rosses red,
+  And a thorne bryngythe figges naturally,
+  And grase berrythe appulles in every mede,
+  And lorrel cherrys on his crope so hye,
+  And okkys berrythe datys plentyusly,
+  And kykkys gyvythe hony in superfluans,
+  The put in women yower trust and confydenc.
+
+ "When whythynges walke forrestys hartyse for to chase,
+  And herrings in parkkys the hornnys boldly bloc,
+  And marlyons[2] ... hernys in morrys doo unbrace,
+  And gomards shut ryllyons owght of a crose boow,
+  And goslyngs goo a howntyng the wolf to overthrow,
+  And sparlyns bere sperrys and arms for defenc,
+  Then put yn women yower trust and confydenc.
+
+ "When sparrowes byld chorchys and styppyllys of a hyght,
+  And corlewys carry tymber yn howsys for to dyght,
+  Wrennys bere sakkys to the myll,
+  And symgis[3] bryng butter to the market to sell,
+  And wodcokkys were wodknyffys the crane for to kyll,
+  And gryffyns to goslynges doo obedienc,
+  Then put in women yower trust and confydenc.
+
+ "O ye imps of Chynner, ye Lydgatys pene,
+  With the spryght of bookkas ye goodly inspyrryd,
+  Ye Ynglyshe poet, excydyng other men,
+  With musyk wyne yower tong yn syrryd,
+  Ye roll in yower rellatyvys as a horse immyrryd,
+  With Ovyddes penner ye are gretly in favor,
+  Ye bere boys incorne, God dyld yow for yower labor.
+                  Finis."
+
+[Footnote 2: Merlin's hawks.]
+
+[Footnote 3: Doubtful; but perhaps for syngies, an old name for the finch.]
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+THE LETTERS OF ATTICUS.
+
+The editor of the _Grenville Papers_ has alluded to some "very judicious
+and pertinent remarks in the 'N. & Q.'" respecting the Letters of Atticus,
+and as most of your readers will probably agree with him that the
+authenticity of these letters is "a curious and interesting question, and
+one that deserves _very particular attention_," I beg to correct an error
+into which he and others have fallen, as to the date when Junius ceased to
+write under the signature Atticus. The Atticus forwarded by Junius to
+George Grenville on the 19th October, 1768, was, there is every reason to
+believe, the _last_ from the pen of that writer, who was then preparing to
+come before the public in a more prominent character. When another
+correspondent adopted the signature Atticus, Woodfall gave his readers
+warning by inserting the following notice into the _Public Advertiser_:
+
+    "The Address to the Freeholders of the county of Middlesex, signed
+    _Atticus_, in our next. The Printer thinks it his duty to acquaint his
+    readers that this letter is not by the same hand as some letters in
+    this paper a little time since, under the signature _Atticus_."--_Pub.
+    Ad._, March 19, 1769.
+
+The printer took the like course when writers attempted to "impose upon the
+public" by using the signatures Lucius and C., and then freely inserted
+their letters; but when the same trick was tried with Junius, the printer
+did not scruple to alter the signature, or reject the contribution as
+spurious.
+
+The genuine Letters of Atticus have had a narrow escape lately of being
+laughed out of their celebrity by writers in some of our most respectable
+periodicals. The authenticity of these letters up to the 19th October,
+1768, is now fully established. The undecided question of the authorship of
+Junius requires that every statement should be carefully examined, and (as
+far as possible) only well-authenticated facts be admitted as evidence in
+future.
+
+WILLIAM CRAMP.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Minor Notes.
+
+_Irish Bishops as English Suffragans._--In compliance with the suggestion
+of J. M. D. in your last volume, p. 385., I abridge from _The Record_ of
+March 17th the following particulars:
+
+    "At a recent meeting of the Archæolgical Society the Rev. W. Gunner
+    stated that from a research among the archives of the bishops and of
+    the college of Winchester, he had found that many Irish bishops, during
+    the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, were merely titular bishops,
+    bearing the titles of sees in Ireland, while they acted as suffragans
+    to bishops in England. A Bishop of Achonry, for instance, appeared to
+    have been frequently deputed by William of Wykeham to consecrate
+    churches, and to perform other episcopal duties, in his diocese; and
+    the Bishops of Achonry seemed frequently to have been suffragans of
+    those of Winchester. No see exhibits more instances of this
+    expatriation than Dromore, lying as it did in an unsettled and
+    tumultuous country. Richard Messing, who succeeded to Dromore bishopric
+    in 1408, was suffragan to the Archbishop of York; and so died at {570}
+    York within a year after his appointment. His successor John became a
+    suffragan to the Archbishop of Canterbury, and died such in 1420.
+    Thomas Scrope, a divine from Leicestershire, was appointed by the Pope
+    to this see in 1430: he could not live in peace with the Irish, and
+    therefore became vicar-general to the Bishop of Norwich. Thomas
+    Radcliffe, his successor, never lived in Ireland: 'the profits of his
+    see did not extend to 30l. sterling, and for its extreme poverty it is
+    void and desolate, and almost extincted, in so much as none will own
+    the same, or abide therein.' Dr. Radcliffe was therefore obliged to
+    become a suffragan to the Bishop of Durham. William, who followed him
+    in the Dromore succession in 1500, lived in York, and was suffragan to
+    its archbishop; and it would seem his successors were also suffragans
+    in England, until the plantation of Ulster improved the circumstances
+    of that province."
+
+AN OXFORD B. C. L.
+
+_Pope and Buchanan._--I beg to suggest as a Query, whether Pope did not
+borrow the opening of his _Essay on Man_ from that of the second book of
+Buchanan's Latin poem _De Sphærâ_. Let us compare them.
+
+Buchanan:
+
+ "Jam mihi Timoleon, animo majora capaci
+  Concipe; nec terras semper mirare jacentes;
+  Excute degeneres circum mortalia curas,
+  Et mecum ingentes coeli spatiare per auras."
+
+Pope:
+
+ "Awake, my St. John, leave all meaner things
+  To low ambition and the pride of kings;
+  Let us, since life can little more supply
+  Than just to look about us and to die,
+  Expatiate free o'er all this scene of man."
+
+I do not remember the comparison to have been made before.
+
+WM. EWART.
+
+University Club.
+
+_Scarce MSS. in the British Museum._--In Cotton MSS., Titus, B 1., will be
+found a curious and valuable collection of papers entitled "Cromwell's
+Remembrances." These comprise:
+
+1. A period from about the death of Anne Boleyn to his attainder.
+
+2. They are very miscellaneous, consisting of memoranda of subjects for
+conference with the king. Notices of persons to be remembered for offices.
+Sale of lands. Diplomacy, and various other particulars. Notes relative to
+the dissolution of monasteries; their riches, revenues, and pensions to
+abbots, &c. The reception of Anne Cleves, and the alteration of the royal
+household thereupon. Privy council and parliamentary notes. Foreign
+alliances. Scotch and Irish affairs, consequent on the dissolution of
+abbeys, &c.
+
+These curious materials for history are in the rough and confused state in
+which they were left by their author, and, to render them available, would
+require an index to the whole.
+
+The "Remembrances" are in some degree illustrated by Harl. MS. 604., which
+is a very curious volume of monastic affairs at the dissolution. Also by
+605, 606, and 607. The last two belong to the reign of Philip and Mary, and
+contain an official account of the lands sold by them belonging to the
+crown in the third and fourth years of their reign.
+
+E. G. BALLARD.
+
+_The Royal Garden at Holyrood Palace._--I cannot help noticing a
+disgraceful fact, which has only lately come to my knowledge. There is,
+adjoining the Palace of Holyrood, an ancient garden of the old kings of
+Scotland: in it is a curious sundial, with Queen Mary's name on it. There
+is a pear-tree planted by her hands, and there are many other deeply
+interesting traces of the royal race, who little dreamed how their old
+stately places were to be profaned, after they themselves were laid in the
+dust. The garden of the Royal Stuarts is now _let_ to a market gardener!
+Are there no true-hearted Scotchmen left, who will redeem it from such
+desecration?
+
+L. M. M. R.
+
+_The Old Ship "Royal Escape."_--The following extract from the _Norwich
+Mercury_ of Aug. 21, 1819, under the head of "Yarmouth News," will probably
+be gratifying to your querist ANON, Vol. vii., p. 380.:
+
+    "On the 13th inst. put into this port (Yarmouth), having been grounded
+    on the Barnard Sand, _The Royal Escape_, government hoy, with horses
+    for his royal highness at Hanover. This vessel is the same that King
+    Charles II. made his escape in from Brighthelmstone."
+
+JOSEPH DAVEY.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Queries.
+
+"THE LIGHT OF BRITTAINE."
+
+I should be glad, through the medium of "N. & Q.," to be favoured with some
+particulars regarding this work, and its author, Maister Henry Lyte, of
+Lytescarie, Esq. He presented the said work with his own hand to "our late
+soveraigne queene and matchlesse mistresse, on the day when shee came, in
+royall manner, to Paule's Church." I shall also be glad of any information
+about his son, Maister Thomas Lyte, of Lytescarie, Esq., "a true immitator
+and heyre to his father's vertues," and who
+
+    "Presented to the Majestie of King James, (with) an excellent mappe or
+    genealogicall table (contayning the bredth and circumference of twenty
+    large sheets of paper), which he entitleth _Brittaines Monarchy_,
+    approuing Brute's History, and the whole succession of this our nation,
+    from the very original, with the just observation of al times, changes,
+    and occasions therein happening. This worthy worke, having cost above
+    {571} seaven yeares labour, beside great charges and expense, his
+    highnesse hath made very gracious acceptance of, and to witnesse the
+    same, in court it hangeth in an especiall place of eminence. Pitty it
+    is, that this phoenix (as yet) affordeth not a fellowe, or that from
+    privacie it might not bee made more generall; but, as his Majestie has
+    granted him priviledge, so, that the world might be woorthie to enjoy
+    it, whereto, if friendship may prevaile, as he hath been already, so
+    shall he be still as earnestly sollicited."
+
+These two works appear to have been written towards the close of the
+sixteenth century. Is anything more known of them, and their respective
+authors?
+
+TRAJA-NOVA.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Minor Queries.
+
+_Thirteen an unlucky Number._--Is there not at Dantzic a clock, which at 12
+admits, through a door, Christ and the Eleven, shutting out Judas, who is
+admitted at 1?
+
+A. C.
+
+_Quotations._--
+
+    "I saw a man, who saw a man, who said he saw the king."
+
+Whence?
+
+    "Look not mournfully into the past; it comes not back again,"
+    &c.--Motto of _Hyperion_.
+
+Whence?
+
+A. A. D.
+
+_"Other-some" and "Unneath."_--I do not recollect having ever seen these
+expressions, until reading Parnell's _Fairy Tale_. They occur in the
+following stanzas:
+
+ "But now, to please the fairy king,
+  Full every deal they laugh and sing,
+    And antic feats devise;
+  Some wind and tumble like an ape,
+  And _other-some_ transmute their shape
+    In Edwin's wondering eyes.
+
+ "Till one at last, that Robin hight,
+  Renown'd for pinching maids by night,
+    Has bent him up aloof;
+  And full against the beam he flung,
+  Where by the back the youth he hung
+    To sprawl _unneath_ the roof."
+
+As the author professes the poem to be "in the ancient English style," are
+these words veritable ancient English? If so, some correspondent of "N. &
+Q." may perhaps be able to give instances of their recurrence.
+
+ROBERT WRIGHT.
+
+_Newx, &c._--Can any of your readers give me the _unde derivatur_ of the
+word _newx_, or _noux_, or _knoux_? It is a very old word, used for the
+last hundred years, as _fag_ is at our public schools, for a young cadet at
+the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich. When I was there, some twenty-five or
+twenty-seven years ago, the _noux_ was the youngest cadet of the four who
+slept in one room: and a precious life of it he led. But this, I hope, is
+altered now. I have often wanted to find out from whence this term is
+derived, and I suppose that your paper will find some among your numerous
+correspondents who will be able to enlighten me.
+
+T. W. N.
+
+Malta.
+
+_"A Joabi Alloquio."_--Who can explain the following, and point out its
+source? I copy from the work of a Lutheran divine, Conrad Dieteric,
+_Analysis Evangeliorum_, 1631, p. 188.:
+
+ "A Joabi Alloquio,
+  A Thyestis Convivio,
+  Ab Iscariotis 'Ave,'
+  A Diasii 'Salve'
+  Ab Herodis 'Redite'
+  A Gallorum 'Venite.'
+          Libera nos Domine."
+
+The fourth and sixth line I do not understand.
+
+B. H. C.
+
+_Illuminations._--When were illuminations in cities first introduced? Is
+there any allusion to them in classic authors?
+
+CAPE.
+
+_Heraldic Queries._--Will some correspondent versed in heraldry answer me
+the following questions?
+
+1. What is the origin and meaning of women of all ranks, except the
+sovereign, being now debarred from bearing their arms in shields, and
+having to bear them in lozenges? Formerly, all ladies of rank bore shields
+upon their seals, _e.g._ the seal of Margaret, Countess of Norfolk, who
+deceased A.D. 1399; and of Margaret, Countess of Richmond, and mother of
+Henry VIII., who deceased A.D. 1509. These shields are figured in the
+_Glossary of Heraldry_, pp. 285, 286.
+
+2. Is it, heraldically speaking, wrong to inscribe the motto upon a circle
+(not a garter) or ribbon round the shield? So says the _Glossary_, p. 227.
+If wrong, on what principle?
+
+3. Was it ever the custom in this country, as on the Continent to this day,
+for ecclesiastics to bear their arms in a circular or oval panel?--the
+martial form of the shield being considered inconsistent with their
+spiritual character. If so, when did the custom commence, and where may
+instances be seen either on monuments or in illustrated works?
+
+CEYREP.
+
+_John's Spoils from Peterborough and Crowland._--Clement Spelman, in his
+Preface to the reader, with which he introduces his father's treatise _De
+non temerandis Ecclesiis_, says (edit. Oxford, 1841, p.45.):
+
+    "I cannot omit the sacrilege and punishment of King John, who in the
+    seventeenth year of his reign, among other churches, rifled the abbeys
+    of {572} Peterborough and Croyland, and after attempts to carry his
+    sacrilegious wealth from Lynn to Lincoln; but, passing the Washes, the
+    earth in the midst of the waters opens her mouth (as for Korah and his
+    company), and at once swallows up both carts, carriage, and horses, all
+    his treasure, all his regalities, all his church spoil, and all the
+    church spoilers; not one escapes to bring the king word," &c.
+
+Is the precise spot known where this catastrophe occurred, or have any
+relics been since recovered to give evidence of the fact?
+
+J. SANSOM.
+
+_"Elementa sex," &c._--Perhaps one of your readers, given to such trifles,
+will hazard a guess at the solution, if not at the author, of the
+subjoined:
+
+ "Elementa sex me proferent totam tibi;
+  Totam hanc, lucernis si tepent fungi, vides,
+  Accisa senibus suppetit saltantibus,
+  Levetur, armis adfremunt Horatii;
+  Facienda res est omnibus, si fit minor,
+  Es, quod relinquis deinde, si subtraxeris;
+  Si rite tandem quæritas originem,
+  Ad sibilum, vix ad sonum, reverteris."
+
+EFFIGY.
+
+_Jack and Gill--Sir Hubbard de Hoy._--Having recently amused myself by a
+dive into old Tusser's _Husbandrie_, the following passages suggested
+themselves as fitting _Queries_ for your pages:
+
+_Jack and Gill._--
+
+ "Let Jack nor Gill
+  Fetch corn at will."
+
+Can the "Jack and Gill" of our nursery tales be traced to an earlier date
+than Tusser's time?
+
+_Hobble de Hoy._--Speaking of the periods of a man's life, Tusser's advice,
+from the age of fourteen years to twenty-one, is to "Keep under Sir Hubbard
+de Hoy." Is it known whether there ever existed a personage so named,
+either as a legend or a myth? And if not, what is the origin of the modern
+term "Hobble de Hoy" as a designation for a stripling? Bailey omits it in
+his _Dictionary_.
+
+L. A. M.
+
+_Humphrey Hawarden._--Information is solicited respecting this individual,
+who was a Doctor of Laws, and living in 1494. Also, of a Justice Port,
+living about the same period.
+
+T. HUGHES.
+
+Chester.
+
+_"Populus vult decipi."_--
+
+ "Populus  }               {
+  Mundus   }  vult decipi  { et decipiatur,
+  Vulgus   }               { decipiatur ergo."
+
+Who was the author of the maxim? which is its correct form? and where is it
+to be found? It seems to present another curious instance of our ignorance
+of things with which we are familiar. I have put the question to a dozen
+scholars, fellows of colleges, barristers, &c. &c., and none has been able
+to give me an answer. One only _thinks_ it was a dictum of some Pope.
+
+HARRY LEROY TEMPLE.
+
+_Sheriffs of Huntingdonshire and Cambridgeshire._--Where can any list of
+the sheriffs for these counties be found, _previous_ to the list given by
+Fuller from the time of Henry VIII.?
+
+D.
+
+_Harris._--The Rev. William Harris, B.A., was presented, by Thomas Pindar,
+Esq., to the vicarage of Luddington, Lincolnshire, on the 7th August, 1722.
+Mr. Harris died here in June, 1748, aged eighty-two. On his tomb is
+inscribed,--
+
+ "Illi satis licuit
+  Nunc veterum libris, nunc
+  Somno, et inertibus horis
+  Ducere solicitæ jucunda oblivio vitæ."
+
+A tradition of his being a wizard still lingers in the village, and I
+should be very glad to receive any particulars respecting him. From an
+inspection of his will at Lincoln, it appears that he used the coat of the
+ancient family of Harris of Radford, Devon, and that his wife's name was
+Honora, a Christian name not infrequent about that period in families of
+the West of England also, as, for instance, Honora, daughter of Sir Richard
+Rogers of Bryanstone, who married Edward Lord Beauchamp, and had a daughter
+Honora, who married Sir Ferdinand Sutton; Honora, the wife of Harry Conway,
+Esq., of Bodrhyddan, Flint; Honora, daughter of Edward Fortescue of
+Fallapit; besides others.
+
+W. H. LAMMIN.
+
+Fulham.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Replies.
+
+BISHOP BUTLER.
+
+(Vol. vii., p. 528.)
+
+"Charity thinketh no evil;" but we must feel both surprise and regret that
+any one should, in 1853, consider it a doubtful question whether Bishop
+Butler died in the communion of the Church of England. The bishop has now
+been in his grave more than a hundred years; but Warburton says truly, "How
+light a matter very often subjects the best-established characters to the
+suspicions of posterity--how ready is a remote age to catch at a low
+revived slander, which the times that brought it forth saw despised and
+forgotten almost in its birth."
+
+X. Y. Z. says he would be glad to have this charge (originally brought
+forward in 1767) _sifted_. He will find that it has been sifted, and in the
+most full and satisfactory manner, by persons of no less distinction than
+Archbishop Secker and Bishop Halifax. The strong language employed by the
+archbishop, when refuting what he terms {573} a "gross and scandalous
+falsehood," and when asserting the bishops "abhorrence of popery," need not
+here be quoted, as "N.& Q." is not the most proper channel for the
+discussion of theological subjects; but it is alleged that every man of
+sense and candour was convinced _at the time_ that the charge should be
+retracted; and it must be a satisfaction to your correspondent to know,
+that as Bishop Butler lived so he _died_, in full communion with that
+Church, which he adorned equally by his matchless writings, sanctity of
+manners, and spotless life.[4]
+
+J. H. MARKLAND.
+
+Bath.
+
+[Footnote 4: Your correspondent may be referred to _Memoirs of the Life of
+Bishop Butler_, by a connexion of his own, the Rev. Thomas Bartlett, A.M.,
+published in 1839; and to a review of the same work in the _Quarterly
+Review_, vol. lxiv. p. 331.]
+
+In reference to the Query by X. Y. Z., as to whether Bishop Butler died in
+the Roman Catholic communion, allow me to refer your correspondent to the
+contents of the letters from Dr. Forster and Bishop Benson to Secker, then
+Bishop of Oxford, concerning the last illness and death of the prelate in
+question, deposited at Lambeth amongst the private MSS. of Archbishop
+Seeker, "as negative arguments against the calumny of his dying a Papist."
+
+Than the allegations that Butler died with a Roman Catholic book of
+devotion in his hand, and that the last person in whose company he was seen
+was a priest of that persuasion, nothing can be more unreasonable, if at
+least it be meant to deduce from these unproved statements that the bishop
+agreed with the one and held communion with the other. Dr. Forster, his
+chaplain, was with him at his death, which happened about 11 A.M., June 16;
+and this witness observes (in a letter to the Bishop of Oxford, June 18)
+that "the last four-and-twenty hours preceding which [_i. e._ his death]
+were divided between short broken slumbers, and intervals of a calm but
+disordered talk when awake." Again (letter to Ditto, June 17), Forster says
+that Bishop Butler, "when, for a day or two before his death, he had in a
+great measure lost the use of his faculties, was perpetually talking of
+writing to your lordship, though without seeming to have anything which, at
+least, he was at all capable of communicating to you." Bishop Benson writes
+to the Bishop of Oxford (June 12) that Butler's "attention to any one or
+anything is immediately lost and gone;" and, "my lord is incapable, not
+only of reading, but attending to anything read or said." And again, "his
+attention to anything is very little or none."
+
+There was certainly an interval between this time (June 12) and "the last
+four-and-twenty hours" preceding his death, during which, writes Bishop
+Benson (June 17), Butler "said kind and affecting things more than I could
+bear." Yet, on the whole, I submit that these extracts, if fully weighed
+and considered with all the attending circumstances, contain enough of even
+positive evidence to refute conclusively the injurious suspicions alluded
+to by X. Y. Z., if such are still current.
+
+J. R. C.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+MITIGATION OF CAPITAL PUNISHMENT TO FORGERS.
+
+(Vol. iv., p. 434., &c.)
+
+I have asked many questions, and turned over many volumes and files of
+newspapers, to get at the real facts of the cases of mitigation stated in
+"N. & Q." Having winnowed the chaff as thoroughly as I could, I send the
+very few grains I have found. Those only who have searched annual
+registers, magazines, and journals for the foundation of stories defective
+in names and dates, will appreciate my difficulties.
+
+I have not found any printed account of the "Jeannie Deans" case, "N. &
+Q.," Vol. iv., p. 434.; Vol. v., p. 444.; Vol. vi., p. 153. I have inquired
+of the older members of the Northern Circuit, and they never heard of it.
+Still a young man may have been convicted of forgery "about thirty-five
+years ago:" his sister may have presented a well-signed petition to the
+judges, and the sentence may have been commuted without the tradition
+surviving on the circuit. All however agree, that no man who ever sat on
+the bench deserved the imputation of "obduracy" less than Baron Graham. I
+should not have noticed the anecdote but for its _mythic_ accompaniments,
+which I disposed of in "N. & Q.," Vol. v., p. 444.
+
+In Vol. vi., p. 496., W. W. cites from Wade's _British History_:
+
+    "July 22, 1814. Admiral William B----y found guilty of forging letters
+    to defraud the revenue. He was sentenced to death, which was commuted
+    to banishment."
+
+The case is reported in _The Sun_, July 25, 1814; and the subsequent facts
+are in _The Times_, July 30, and August 16 and 20. It was tried before Mr.
+Justice Dampier at the Winchester Summer Assizes. There were five bills
+against the prisoner for forgery, and one for a fraud. That on which he was
+convicted, was for defrauding the post-master of Gosport of 3l. 8s. 6d. He
+took to the post-office a packet of 114 letters, which he said were "ship
+letters," from the "Mary and Jane." He received the postage, and signed the
+receipt "W. Johnstone." The letters were fictitious. The case was fully
+proved, and he received sentence of death. He was respited for a fortnight,
+and afterwards during the pleasure of the Prince Regent. He was struck off
+the list of retired {574} rear-admirals. It was proved at the trial, that,
+in 1809, he commanded "The Plantagenet;" but, _from the unsettled state of
+his mind_, the command had been given up to the first lieutenant, and that
+he was shortly after superseded. This, and the good character he received,
+were probably held to excuse the pardon.
+
+I now come to the great case of George III. and Mr. Fawcett. I much regret
+that WHUNSIDE has not replied in your pages to my question (Vol. vii., p.
+163.), as I could then have commented upon the facts, and his means of
+knowing them, with more freedom. I have a private communication from him,
+which is ample and candid. He objects to bring his name before the public,
+and I have no right to press that point. He is not _quite_ certain as to
+the convict's name, but can procure it for me. He would rather that it
+should not be published, as it might give pain to a respectable family.
+Appreciating the objection, and having no use for it except to publish, I
+have declined to ask it of him.
+
+The case occurred in 1802 or 1803, when WHUNSIDE was a pupil of Mr.
+Fawcett. He says:
+
+    "Occasionally Mr. Fawcett used to allow certain portions of a weekly
+    newspaper to be read to the boys on a Saturday evening. This case was
+    read to us, I think from the _Leeds Mercury_; and though Mr. Fawcett's
+    name was not mentioned, we were all aware who the minister was."
+
+Thus we have no _direct_ evidence of the amount of Mr. Fawcett's
+communications with George III. How much of the story as it is now told was
+read to the boys, we do not know; but that it came to them first through a
+weekly paper, is rather against than for it.
+
+We all know the tendency of good stories to pick up additions as they go. I
+have read that the first edition of the _Life of Loyola_ was without
+miracles. This anecdote seems to have reached its full growth in 1823, in
+Pearson's _Life of W. Hey, Esq._, and probably in the two lives of George
+III., published after his death, and mentioned by WHUNSIDE. Pearson, as
+cited in "N. & Q.," Vol. vi., p. 276., says, that by some means the _Essay
+on Anger_ had been recommended to the notice of George III., who would have
+made the author a bishop had he not been a dissenter; that he signified his
+wish to serve Mr. Fawcett, &c. That on the conviction of H----, Mr. Fawcett
+wrote to the king; and a letter soon arrived, conveying the welcome
+intelligence, "You may rest assured that his life is safe," &c.
+
+It is not stated that this was "private and confidential:" if it was, Mr.
+Fawcett had no right to mention it; if it was not, he had no reason for
+concealing what was so much to his honour, and so extraordinary as the
+king's personal interference in a matter invariably left to the Secretary
+of State for the Home Department. If, however, Mr. Fawcett was silent from
+modesty, his biographers had no inducement to be so; yet, let us see how
+they state the case. The _Account of the Life, Writings, and Ministry of
+the late Rev. John Fawcett_: London, 1818, cited in "N. & Q.," Vol. vi., p.
+229., says:
+
+    "He was induced, _in conjunction with others_, to solicit the exercise
+    of royal clemency in mitigating the severity of that punishment which
+    the law denounces: and it gladdened the sympathetic feelings of his
+    heart to know that these petitions were not unavailing; but the modesty
+    of his character made him regret the publicity which had been given to
+    this subject."
+
+The fifth edition of the _Essay on Anger, printed for the Book Society for
+Promoting Religious Knowledge_, London, no date, has a memoir of the
+author. The "incident" is said not to have been circulated _in any
+publication by the family_; but "it was one of the secrets which obtain a
+wider circulation from the reserve with which one relator invariably
+retails it to another." That is exactly my view. Secrecy contributes to
+diffusion, but not to accuracy. At the risk of being thought tedious, I
+must copy the rest of this statement:
+
+    "Soon after the publication of this treatise, _the author took an
+    opportunity of presenting a copy_ to our late much revered sovereign;
+    whose ear was always accessible to merit, however obscure the
+    individual in whom it was found. Contrary to the fate of most
+    publications laid at the feet of royalty, it was diligently perused and
+    admired; and a communication of this approbation was afterwards made
+    known to the author. It happened some time afterwards, a relative of
+    one of his friends was convicted of a capital crime, for which he was
+    left for execution. Application was instantly made for an extension of
+    royal favour in his behalf; and, among others, one was made by Mr.
+    Fawcett: and his majesty, _no doubt recollecting the pleasure he had
+    derived from the perusal of his_ Essay on Anger, _and believing that he
+    would not recommend an improper person to royal favour_, was most
+    graciously pleased to answer the prayer of the petition; but _as to
+    precisely how far the name of Mr. Fawcett might have contributed to
+    this successful application must await the great disclosures of a
+    future judgment._"
+
+The reader will sift this jumble of inferences and facts, and perhaps will
+not go so far as to have "no doubt."
+
+WHUNSIDE tells me, that about 1807 he employed a bookbinder from Halifax;
+who, on hearing that he had been a pupil of Mr. Fawcett, said he had seen
+two copies of the _Essay on Anger_, most beautifully bound, to be sent to
+the king.
+
+The conclusion to which I come is, that Mr. Fawcett sent a copy of the
+_Essay on Anger_ to the king; that the receipt of it was acknowledged,
+possibly in some way more complimentary than the ordinary circular; that a
+young man was convicted of forgery; that Mr. Fawcett and others petitioned
+for his pardon, and that he was {575} pardoned. All the rest I hold to be
+mere rumours, not countenanced by Mr. Fawcett or his family, and not
+_asserted_ by his biographers.
+
+H. B. C.
+
+U. U. Club.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+MYTHE VERSUS MYTH.
+
+(Vol. vii., p. 326.)
+
+MR. KEIGHTLEY'S rule is only partially true, and in the part which is true
+is not fully stated. The following rules, qualified by the accompanying
+remarks, will I trust be found substantially correct.
+
+English monosyllables, formed from Greek or Latin monosyllabic roots,
+
+(1.) When the root ends in a single consonant preceded by a vowel, require
+the lengthening e.
+
+(2.) When the root ends in a single consonant preceded by a diphthong, or
+in more than one consonant preceded by a vowel, reject the e.
+
+1. Examples from the Greek:--[Greek: schêm-a], _scheme_; [Greek: lur-a]
+(lyr-a), _lyre_; [Greek: zôn-ê] (zon-a), _zon-e_; [Greek: bas-is], _base_;
+[Greek: phras-is], _phras-e_; [Greek: trop-os], _trop-e_. From Latin,
+ros-a, _ros-e_; fin-is, _fin-e_; fum-us, _fum-e_; pur-us, _pur-e_; grad-us,
+_grad-e_. Compare, in verbs, ced-o, _ced-e_.
+
+_Remarks._--This rule admits of a modification; _e.g._ we form from [Greek:
+zêl-os] _zeal_ (the sound hardly perceptibly differing from _zel-e_); from
+[Greek: hôr-a] (hor-a), _hour_; from flos (flor-is), _flower_ and _flour_
+(the long sound communicated to the vowel in the other words by the added
+_e_, being in these already contained in the diphthong). Add ven-a, _vein_;
+van-us, _vain_; sol-um, _soil_, &c.; and compare _-ceed_ in _proceed_,
+_succeed_, formed from compounds of ced-o. Some, but not all, of these
+words have come to us through the French.
+
+2. Examples from the Greek:--[Greek: rheum-a], _rheum_; [Greek: chasm-a],
+_chasm_; [Greek: murr-a], _myrrh_; [Greek: glôss-a], _gloss_; [Greek:
+numph-ê] (nymph-a), _nymph_; [Greek: disk-os], (disc-us), _disk_; [Greek:
+plinth-os], _plinth_; [Greek: psalm-os], _psalm_. From Latin, fraus
+(fraud-is), _fraud_; laus (laud-is), _laud_; plant-a, _plant_; orb-is,
+_orb_; plumb-um, _plumb_; long-us, _long_, flux-us, _flux_; port-us,
+_port_. Compare, in verbs, damn-o, _damn_; err-o, _err_; add-o, _add_;
+vex-o, _vex_.
+
+_Remarks._--From roots ending in the same consonant doubled, our derived
+words ordinarily drop one of them; _e.g._ [Greek: stemm-a], _stem_; gemm-a,
+_gem_; summ-a, _sum_; penn-a, _pen_; carr-us, _car_. (Note this tendency of
+our language, by comparing our _man_ with the German _mann_.)
+
+If the root ends in _s_ or _v_ preceded by a diphthong, or in a consonant
++_s_[5] or +_v_ preceded by a vowel, our derived words add _e_, _as_
+[Greek: paus-is] (paus-a), _paus-e_; caus-a, _cause-e_; næv-a, _nav-e_;
+puls-us, _puls-e_; dens-us, _dens-e_; [Greek: haps-is], _aps-e_; laps-us,
+_laps-e_; vers-us, _vers-e_; valv-a, _valv-e_; nerv-us, _nerv-e_.[6] The
+cause of this lies in the genius of our language, which totally rejects the
+ending _v_, and uses _s_ (single) very sparingly in the singular number,
+except in the ending _ous_, the genitive case, the third person of the
+present tense, the obsolete _wis_, and _was_. Other words are, the
+interjection _alas_; pronouns or pronominal particles; proper names, as
+_Thomas_, _Chaos_; compounds, as _Lammas_, _Christmas_; _plural_ adverbs,
+as _towards_, _thereabouts_; and the (perhaps) _plural_--it ought to be
+so--_alms_.[7]
+
+From roots ending in a mute +_a_ liquid, our derived words also end in _e_,
+and are then in fact dissyllables; _e.g._ [Greek: bibl-os], _bible_;
+[Greek: kukl-os], _cycl-e_; [Greek: mitr-a], _mitr-e_; [Greek: nitr-on],
+_nitr-e_; [Greek: petr-os], _petr-e_. In this class of words the final
+letters (after the analogy of Latin) have sometimes become transposed;
+_e.g._ [Greek: lepr-os], _lep-er_. So now-a-days, _cent-er_ as well as
+_centr-e_. Compare _metr-e_, _diamet-er_.
+
+To apply our rules to the words required to be formed in an English shape
+from [Greek: muth-os].
+
+Very few words in our language end in _th_ which are not of purely native
+growth. _Frith_ is questionable exception. Besides the monosyllable
+_plinth_, we have imported from the Greek _colocynth_, _hyacinth_,
+_labyrinth_, with the proper names _Corinth_, _Erymanth_, all terminating
+in _nth_.
+
+In the ending _the_ our language does not rejoice. Most of such words are
+verbs, so distinguished from their cognate substantives, as _wreathe_ from
+_wreath_. We have, as substantives, _lathe_ (A.-S. [Saxon: leð]), _hythe_
+([Saxon: hyð]), _scythe_ (more properly _sithe_, [Saxon: siðe]), _tythe_
+([Saxon: tyðe]); as adjectives, _blithe_ ([Saxon: bliðe]), _lithe_ ([Saxon:
+lið]). There may be one or two more.
+
+In all these the sounds is [Saxon: ð] (_th_ in _this_) not [Saxon: þ] (_th_
+in _thick_). This appears worth notice.
+
+On the whole, I should venture to say that so uncouth a slip as _mythe_,
+when set in our soil, was unlikely to thrive. Still _m[)y]th_ is
+objectionable, though we at Cambridge might quote _g[)y]p_ However I may
+seem to be a breaker of my own laws, I suggest, if we must have an English
+form of the word, that we should write and pronounce _m[=y]th_. Several
+words ending in _th_ have the preceding vowel lengthened, _e.g._ _both_,
+_sloth_, _ruth_, _truth_ (though with the inconsistency attributed to us,
+one, by the way, generally of orthography rather than pronunciation, we
+shorten the diphthong in _breath_, _death_). Compare also the sound of the
+endings _ild_ and _ind_.
+
+I have already troubled you with a very long Note; but, before I close,
+allow me to add that in what I have advanced I have had in view only our
+modern mode of spelling, without binding {576} myself to an opinion of its
+inferiority or superiority to that of our forefathers. I beg also to
+protest against MR. KEIGHTLEY'S wish to banish _mythical_ from our
+vocabulary. It may be _hybrid_, but equally so are _critical_,
+_grammatical_, _musical_, _physical_, _poetical_, with a long string of et
+ceteras.
+
+CHARLES THIRIOLD.
+
+[Footnote 5: Except _x_ (=_cs_). Compare _flax_, _wax_, _ox_.]
+
+[Footnote 6: From serv-us (after the French) we form _serf_.]
+
+[Footnote 7: _Rebus_, _overplus_, and _surplus_ may, if not satisfied, take
+an _omnibus_, bring their action at the _Nisi Prius_, and meet there with a
+_nonplus_.]
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+"INQUIRY INTO THE STATE OF THE UNION, BY THE WEDNESDAY CLUB IN FRIDAY
+STREET."
+
+(Vol. vii., pp. 261. 409.)
+
+This very able and valuable work, as to which your correspondent inquires,
+was written by Wm. Paterson, the projector of the Bank of England and the
+Darien scheme; a great and memorable name, but which, to the discredit of
+British biography, will be sought for in vain in Chalmers's or our other
+biographical dictionaries. The book above noticed appears to be a
+continuation of another tract by the same author, entitled _An Inquiry into
+the Reasonableness and Consequences of an Union with Scotland, containing a
+brief Deduction of what hath been done, designed, or proposed in the Matter
+of the Union during the last Age, a Scheme of an Union as accommodated to
+the present Circumstances of the two Nations, also States of the respective
+Revenues, Debts, Weights, Measures, Taxes, and Impositions, and of other
+Facts of moment: with Observations thereupon, as communicated to Laurence
+Philips, Esq., near York_: London, printed and sold by R. Bragg, 1706,
+8vo., 160 pages. This was preceded by an earlier tract by the same author:
+_Conferences on the Public Debts, by the Wednesday's Club in Friday
+Street_: London, 1695, 4to. The last is noticed, with a short account of
+the author, by Mr. M^cCulloch (_Lib. of Political Economy_, p. 159.), but
+he has not mentioned the two other works previously adverted to. In all of
+them the author adopts the form of a report of the proceedings of a club;
+but, without attempting to deny the actual existence of a Wednesday's club
+in Friday Street (the designation he assumes for it), nothing can be more
+clear to any one who reads the three tracts than that the conversations,
+proceedings, and personages mentioned are all the creatures of his own
+fertile invention, and made use of, more conveniently to bring out his
+facts, arguments, and statements. The dramatic form he gives them makes
+even the dry details of finance amusing; and abounding, as they do, in
+information and thought, these works may always be consulted with profit
+and pleasure. The _Inquiry into the State of the Union_, 1717, 8vo., for
+which Walpole is said to have furnished some of the materials, was
+answered, but rather feebly, in an anonymous pamphlet entitled _Wednesday
+Club Law; or the Injustice, Dishonour, and Ill Policy of breaking into
+Parliamentary Contracts for public Debts_: London, printed for E. Smith,
+1717, 8vo., pp. 38. The author of this pamphlet appears to have been a Mr.
+Broome. Those who would wish see one of the financial questions discussed
+in the _Inquiry_ treated with equal force and ability, and with similar
+views, by a great cotemporary of Paterson, whose pamphlet came out
+simultaneously, may read _Fair Payment no Spunge; or some Considerations on
+the Unreasonableness of refusing to receive back Money lent on public
+Securities, and the Necessity of setting the Nation free from the
+unsupportable Burthen of Debt and Taxes, with a View of the great Advantage
+and Benefit which will arise to Trade and to the Landed Interest, as well
+as to the Poor, by having these heavy Grievances taken off_: London,
+printed and sold by Brotherton: Meadows and Roberts, 1717, 8vo., pp. 79.
+This is one of the pamphlets which, though it has been sometimes
+erroneously assigned to Paterson, both on external and internal evidence
+may be confidently attributed to Defoe, but which has unaccountably escaped
+the notice of all his biographers.
+
+JAMES CROSSLEY.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+UNPUBLISHED EPIGRAM BY SIR W. SCOTT (?).
+
+(Vol. vii., p. 498.)
+
+The lines which your correspondent R. VINCENT attributes to Sir Walter
+Scott are part of an old English inscription which Longfellow quotes in
+_Outremer_, p. 66., and thus describes in a note:
+
+    "I subjoin this relic of old English verse entire.... It is copied from
+    a book whose title I have forgotten, and of which I have but a single
+    leaf, containing the poem. In describing the antiquities of the church
+    of Stratford-upon-Avon, the writer gives the following account of a
+    very old painting upon the wall, and of the poem which served as its
+    motto. The painting is no longer visible, having been effaced in
+    repairing the church:
+
+    "'Against the west wall of the nave, on the south side of the arch, was
+    painted the martyrdom of Thomas à Becket, while kneeling at the altar
+    of St. Benedict, in Canterbury Cathedral. Below this was the figure of
+    an angel, probably St. Michael, supporting a long scroll, upon which
+    were seven stanzas in old English, being an allegory of mortality.'"
+
+The lines given at p. 498. of "N. & Q." seem to be taken from the two
+following stanzas, which stand third and fourth in the old inscription:
+
+ "_Erth apon erth wynnys castellys and towrys,_
+  _Then seth erth unto erth thys ys all owrys._
+  When erth apon erth hath bylde hys bowrys,
+  Then schall erth for erth suffur many hard schowrys.
+
+ "Erth goth apon erth as man apon mowld,
+  Lyke as erth apon erth never goo schold,
+  _Erth goth apon erth as gelsteryng gold,_
+  _And yet schall erth unto erth rather than he wold._"
+
+{577}
+
+Dugdale, in his _Antiquities of Warwickshire_, p. 517., tells us that John
+de Stratford, who was Archbishop of Canterbury in the reign of Edward III.,
+built a chapel on the south side of the church, "to the honour of God and
+of St. Thomas the Martyr;" and as at p. 521. he describes it as "in the
+south ile of the said church," the west wall of this chapel answers very
+well the description of the position of the painting, and inscription. But
+in _The Beauties of England and Wales_, vol. xv. p. 238., _the chapel of
+the gild of the Holy Cross_, in the centre of the town, is mentioned as the
+place in which the pictures were discovered, during some repairs which it
+underwent in the year 1804.
+
+I have since ascertained that the work to which Longfellow refers is
+Weaver's _Account of Stratford-upon-Avon_.
+
+ERICA.
+
+As a companion to the _unpublished_ epigram in No. 186. of "N. & Q.," I beg
+to hand you the following epitaph, copied by myself about thirty years
+since, and referring, as I _believe_, to an old brass in the church of St.
+Helen's, London:
+
+ "Here lyeth y^e bodyes of
+  James Pomley, y^e sonne of ould
+  Dominick Pomley and Jane his
+  Wyfe: y^e said James deceased y^e 7^{th}
+  day of Januarie Anno Domini 1592
+  he beyng of y^e age of 88 years, and
+  y^e sayd Jane deceased y^e ---- day
+  of ----  D----.
+
+  Earth goeth up[=o] earth as moulde up[=o] moulde;
+  Earth goeth up[=o] earth all glittering as golde,
+  As though earth to y^e earth never turne shoulde;
+  And yet shall earth to y^e earth sooner than he woulde."
+
+WILLIAM WILLIAMS.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+CHURCH CATECHISM.
+
+(Vol. vii., pp. 190. 463.)
+
+In accordance with the request of Z. E. R., I have pleasure in forwarding
+the extracts from the _Catechismus brevis et Catholicus_, referred to at
+pp. 190. 463. of the present volume. It is needful to premise, 1. That the
+pages of the catechism are not numbered. This will account for the absence
+of precise references. 2. That only so much is quoted as may exhibit the
+parallelism; and, 3. That the citations are not consecutive in the
+original, but arranged in the order of the questions and answers of the
+_Church Catechism_, beginning with the fourteenth question, "How many
+sacraments hath Christ ordained in His Church?"
+
+Q. 14. How many, &c.
+
+    "Quot sunt Ecclesiæ Catholicæ Sacramenta?
+
+    Septem sunt in universum," &c.
+
+    "Quis instituit Baptismum?
+
+    Ipse Servator ac Dominus noster Jesus Christus."
+
+    [_Similarly of the Eucharist._]
+
+Q. 15. What meanest thou, &c.
+
+    "Ecquur hæc ipsa--et dicantur et sint Sacramenta?
+
+    Sacramenta sunt et dicuntur quia sacra atque efficacia sunt signa
+    divinæ erga nos voluntatis."
+
+Q. 16. How many parts, &c.
+
+    "Habetque unumquodque horum (quod sacramentis peculiare est verbum)
+    Elementum, et Gratiam invisibilem. Quod verbum nos docet, et promittit
+    nobis, hoc Elementum seu visibile signum similitudine quâdam
+    demonstrat, hoc idem Gratia quoque (nisi tamen obicem objiciat homo) in
+    anima invisibiliter operatur.
+
+    Da paucis singulorum Sacramentorum signa et invisibilem gratiam?"
+
+Q. 17. What is the outward, &c.
+
+    "In Baptismo signum externum Aqua est."
+
+Q. 18. What is the inward, &c.
+
+    "Quid efficit seu prodest Baptismus?
+
+    "Res seu gratia est renovatio et sanctificatio animæ, ablutio omnium
+    peccatorum, adoptio baptizati in filium Dei.
+
+    'Baptizatus sum in Nomine Patris et Filii et Spiritus Sancti.'
+
+    "Tinctione illa aquæ, operationeque Spiritus Sancti, eripitur
+    baptizatus à regno et tyrannide diaboli, donatur remissione peccatorum
+    ac innocentia, addicitur perpetuò uni veroque Deo Patri et Filio et
+    Spiritui Sancto, hujus denique filius atque hæres instituitur."
+
+Q. 19. What is required, &c.
+
+    "Requiritur in eo (adulto), et verus fidei usus, et vita professione
+    Christiana, Baptismique voto digna: hoc est ut corde credat, et ore
+    fidem confiteatur, utque peccatis mortificatis in vitæ ambulet
+    novitate.
+
+    Proba sacræ Scripturæ testimoniis, quod Fides in Baptizato requiratur."
+
+Q. 20. Why then are infants, &c.
+
+    "Sed quomodo infantes possunt credere, ut qui nondum usum habeant
+    rationis?
+
+    His fides Ecclesiæ et susceptorum suffragatur, donec idonei fiant suo
+    illam assensu percipere, adhæc et fidei gratiam in Baptismo ii
+    consequuntur."
+
+Q. 21. Why was the Sacrament, &c.
+
+    "Quur vero sacram Eucharistiam Christus instituit?
+
+    ... Ut suæ passionis ac mortis recordemur, eamque annuntiemus
+    perpetuò."
+
+Q. 22. What is the outward, &c.
+
+Q. 23. What is the inward, &c.
+
+    "Da paucis ... signa et invisibilem gratiam.
+
+    In Eucharistia, Elementum est panis ac vini species: res autem, verum
+    corpus, et verus Christi sanguis est, fructusque dignam sumptionem
+    sequentes."
+
+{578}
+
+Q. 24. What are the benefits, &c.
+
+    "Jam recense paucis quinam fructus dignam Eucharistæ sumptionem
+    sequantur?
+
+    Principio quidem virtute escæ hujus confirmamur in fide, munimur
+    adversus peccata, ad bonorum operum studium excitamur, et ad charitatem
+    inflammamur. Hinc vero per eam incorporamur adjungimurque capiti nostro
+    Christo, ut unum cum ipso constituamus corpus," &c.
+
+Q. 25. What is required, &c.
+
+    "Quonam pacto dignè sumitur Eucharistia?
+
+    Digna sumptio, omnium primum requirit, ut homo peccata sua agnoscat ex
+    animo ob ea verè doleat--ac firmum etiam animo concipiat amplius non
+    peccandi propositum. Deinde exigit etiam digna sumptio, ut
+    communicaturus simultatem omnem odiumque animo eximat: reconcilietur
+    læso, et charitatis contra viscera induat. Postremo vero et fides cum
+    primis in sumente requiritur ... ut credat corpus Christi pro se esse
+    traditum mortem, et sanguinem ejus in remissionem peccatorum suorum
+    vere effusum," &c.
+
+I fear the unavoidable length of the previous extracts will be against the
+insertion of the full title of the book, and one remark. The title is,--
+
+    "Catechismus brevis et Catholicus in gratiam Juventutis conscriptus,
+    Autore Iacobo Schoeppero, Ecclesiasta Tremoniano. Cui accessit Pium
+    diurnarum precum Enchiridion, ex quo pueri toto die cum Deo colloqui
+    discant. Antverpiæ, apud Ioan. Bellerum ad insigne Falconis, 1555."
+
+My remark is, that some of the coincidences above enumerated are at least
+singular, though they do not perhaps _prove_ that the compiler of the
+_Church Catechism_, in the places referred to, had them before him.
+
+B. H. C.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+JACOB BOBART, ETC.
+
+(Vol. vii., p. 428.)
+
+Of old Jacob Bobart, who originally came from Brunswick, Granger (_Biog.
+Hist._, vol. v. p. 287., edit. 1824) gives us the following account:
+
+    "Jacob Bobart, a German, whom Plot styles 'an excellent gardener and
+    botanist,' was, by the Earl of Danby, founder of the physic-garden at
+    Oxford, appointed the first keeper of it. He was author of _Catalogus
+    Plantarum Horti Medici Oxoniensis, scil. Latino-Anglicus et
+    Anglico-Latinus_: Oxon. 1648, 8vo. One singularity I have heard of him
+    from a gentleman of unquestionable veracity, that on rejoicing days he
+    used to have his beard tagged with silver. The same gentleman informed
+    me, that there is a portrait of him in the possession of one of the
+    corporation at Woodstock. He died the 4th of February, 1679, in the
+    eighty-first year of his age. He had two sons, Tillemant and Jacob, who
+    both belonged to the physic-garden. It appears that the latter
+    succeeded him in his office."
+
+There is a very fine print of the elder Bobart, now extremely scarce, "D.
+Loggan del., M. Burghers, sculp." It is a quarto of the largest size.
+Beneath the head, which is dated 1675, is this distich:
+
+ "Thou German prince of plants, each year to thee
+  Thousands of subjects grant a subsidy."
+
+In John Evelyn's _Diary_, under the date Oct. 24, 1664, is the following
+entry:
+
+    "Next to Wadham, and the physic garden, where were two large
+    locust-trees, and as many platani (plane-trees), and some rare plants
+    under the culture of old Bobart."
+
+The editor of the last edition, after repeating part of Granger's note, and
+mentioning the portrait, adds:
+
+    "There is a small whole-length in the frontispiece of _Vertumnus_, a
+    poem on that garden. In this he is dressed in a long vest, with a
+    beard. One of his family was bred up at college in Oxford; but quitted
+    his studies for the profession of the whip, driving one of the Oxford
+    coaches (his own property) for many years with great credit. In 1813 he
+    broke his leg by an accident; and in 1814, from the respect he had
+    acquired by his good conduct, he was appointed by the University to the
+    place of one of the Esquire Beadles."
+
+_Vertumnus_, the poem mentioned in the above note, was addressed to Mr.
+Jacob Bobart, in 1713, by Dr. Evans. It is a laudatory epistle on the
+botanical knowledge of the Bobarts; and we learn from it that Jacob, the
+younger, collected a _Hortus Siccus_ (a collection of plants pasted upon
+paper, and kept dry in a book) in twenty volumes.
+
+ "Thy _Hortus Siccus_ ...
+  In tomes twice ten, that world immense!
+  By thee compiled at vast expense."
+
+The broadsides about which H. T. BOBART inquires are of the greatest
+possible rarity. They were the production of Edmund Gayton, the author of
+_Festivious Notes on Don Quixote_, &c. Copies may be seen in the Ashmolean
+Library, under the press-marks Nos. 423. and 438., but I think not in any
+other repository of a like nature.
+
+Among the Ashmolean MSS. (No. 36, art. 296.) is a poem of 110 lines "Upon
+the most hopeful and ever-flourishing Sprouts of Valour, the indefatigable
+Centrys of the Physick-Garden." This, I apprehend, is a MS. copy of the
+first broadside mentioned by your correspondent.
+
+I shall merely add, the Bobarts, father and son, were personal friends of
+Ashmole and Ray, and that, in all probability, among their correspondence
+much curious and minute information might be obtained.
+
+EDWARD F. RIMBAULT.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+"ITS."
+
+(Vol. vii., p. 510.)
+
+I was somewhat surprised to find, in No. 186. of "N. & Q.," two instances
+quoted of the use of the {579} word "its" in the version of the Bible. It
+has long been an established opinion that this word did not exist in it;
+and the fact has been recently referred to by two different authorities,
+MR. KEIGHTLEY in "N. & Q.," Vol. vii., p. 160., and Mr. Watts of the
+British Museum, in a paper "On some philological peculiarities in the
+English authorised Version of the Bible," read before the Philological
+Society on December 10, 1852.
+
+Feeling curious on the subject, I have taken the trouble of referring to
+several different versions of the Bible in the British Museum, and the
+following _variorum_ readings of the verses quoted by your correspondent
+B. H. C. are the result:
+
+1. The Wickliffite version, before 1390 (edit. Forshall and Wadden):
+
+    "And he shal ben as a tree, that is plauntid beside the doun rennyngis
+    of watris; that _his_ frut shal [gh]ive in _his_ time."--Ps. i. 3.
+
+    "Duke of the weie thou were in _his_ (_sc._ the vine) si[gh]t; and thou
+    plauntidist _his_ rootis, and it fulfilde the erthe."--Ps. lxxx. 10.
+
+2. Coverdale's Bible, 1536:
+
+    "Y^t br[=i]geth forth _his_ frute in due season."
+
+    "Thou maydest rowme for it, and caused it to take rote, so y^t it
+    fylled the l[=o]de."
+
+3. Matthews, 1537:
+
+    "That bryngeth forth _his_ frute in due season."
+
+    "Thou madest rowme for it, and caused it to take rote, so that it
+    fylled the lande."
+
+4. Cranmer, 1539:
+
+    "Y^t wyll brynge forth _hys_ frute in due season."
+
+    "Thou madest rowme for it, and whan it had taken rote it fylled y^e
+    lande."
+
+5. The Bishops' Bible, 1568:
+
+    "That bryngeth foorth _her_ fruite in due season."
+
+    "Thou madst roome before it, thou causedst it to take roote, and it
+    hath filled the lande."
+
+6. Geneva Bible, 1578. In this there are two translations, one "according
+to the Ebrewe," the other "used in the Common Prayer":
+
+    i. "That wil bring forth _her_ fruite in due season."
+
+    ii. "That will bring forth _his_ fruite in due season."
+
+    i. "Thou madest roome for it, and when it had taken roote, it filled
+    the lande."
+
+    ii. "Thou madest roume for it, and didest cause it to take roote, and
+    it filled the land."
+
+7. The Douay Bible (Roman Catholic version), 1609-10:
+
+    "Which shal geue _his_ fruite in _his_ time."
+
+    "Thou wast the guide of the way in the sight _thereof_; thou didst
+    plant the rootes _thereof_, and it filled the earth."
+
+8. Authorised version, 1611:
+
+    "That bringeth forth _his_ fruit in _his_ season."
+
+    "Thou preparedst roome before it, and didst cause it to take deepe
+    roote, and it filled the land."
+
+It will thus be perceived that "its" is wanting in all the above passages,
+and that "his," "her," and "thereof" invariably supply its place. I have
+been equally unsuccessful in detecting the word in the Common Prayer-Book
+version of the Psalms, which is well known to be that of the "Great Bible,"
+or Cranmer's edition of 1539, and which has remained in use without
+alteration ever since. May I therefore ask B. H. C. to be so good as to
+point out the particular "Old version of the Psalms" from which he has
+derived his quotation?
+
+W. B. RYE.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+BOHN'S EDITION OF HOVEDEN.
+
+(Vol. vii., p. 495.)
+
+In reply to your correspondent's remarks (May 21) on my translation of
+Hoveden, I beg to state that, in suggesting Cork, I did not allude to the
+city of Cork, but the _territory_ of Desmond or Cork, which probably
+extended to within a short distance of Waterford. Hoveden more than once,
+in his foreign geography, confounds places with territories or kingdoms;
+this fact, and the similarity of the names, _Croch_ and _Corch_, as the
+kingdom of Cork is elsewhere called by him, led me to believe that a
+landing in the territory of Cork was meant. "Crook," "Hook Point," or "The
+Crook," is only _supposed_ to have been the place of landing on this
+occasion. I confess that I was not aware that "Erupolis" was an alias of
+the diocese of Ossory: I cannot find it mentioned as such in the
+dictionaries at my command. My Note, however, was worded in such a way as
+to give offence to no reasonable person: and, among the many hundreds,
+perhaps thousands of suggestions, made in the notes (in a proper spirit, I
+hope,) I should be greatly surprised to find that I had miscarried in none.
+For your correspondent's information, I beg to state, that I am not an
+Irishman either by birth or descent; and that I have never had the good
+fortune to pay a visit to that country. Were I inclined to follow his
+example in making remarks upon the "ominousness" of names, I might perhaps
+retaliate upon him with interest.
+
+Why I have forfeited all claim to be treated by this gentleman with
+courtesy or common politeness, I am quite at a loss to conceive; but I beg
+to remind him that vituperation does not carry conviction, and that
+criticism is enfeebled by an alliance with abuse.
+
+HENRY T. RILEY.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+BOOKS OF EMBLEMS.
+
+(Vol. vii., p. 469.)
+
+In your 185th Number, two or three Queries are proposed by the REV. MR.
+CORSER in {580} connexion with that interesting branch of literature called
+_Books of Emblems_. To these it shall be my endeavour to reply.
+
+First. Some years ago I made particular inquiry from the surviving
+relatives of the late Rev. William Beloe, whether among his manuscripts
+there had been found any "Treatise on Emblems," or any notices which had a
+bearing on the subject? They informed me that they had made search, but
+without success.
+
+Second. Of Thomas Combe, mentioned by Meres in his _Palladis Tamia_, I have
+been unable to learn anything.
+
+Third. It appears certain that Bunyan never published any _Book of
+Emblems_, whatever may have been hawked under his name; nor can I find, in
+the Account of his Life and Writings just published in Glasgow, Edinburgh,
+and London, or in any preceding edition of his works, that such a
+production was ever contemplated by him.
+
+Fourth. In the extensive and valuable "English Books of Emblems" furnished
+(chiefly from his own library) by MR. CORSER, he mentions R. Burton's
+_Choice Emblems, Divine and Moral; or Delights for the Ingenious, &c._,
+12mo. 1721. Perhaps my learned and accomplished friend may not be aware
+that _Burton_ is an _assumed_ name, placed in the title-pages of several
+cheap books which appeared at the end of the seventeenth and the beginning
+of the eighteenth centuries, but which were thought to have been written by
+a Mr. Nathaniel Crouch, a bookseller, who sold them. I have a sixth edition
+of these "choice emblems," dated 1732, which was then sold for "two
+shillings bound." The work is merely a collection of fifty emblems, taken,
+without acknowledgment, from George Wither, the copper-plate engravings
+being poor copies from those of Depasse. To this sixth edition there is
+prefixed a portrait of K. Charles I., with eight pages of sympathising
+verses.
+
+MR. CORSER'S list of English works is very complete. I possess, however, an
+unpublished manuscript translation of Alciato into English verse. It is of
+the time of James I., and possesses much merit; but it has unfortunately
+been mutilated.
+
+I also possess the following:
+
+    "Amorum Emblemata figuris æneis incisa studio Othonis Væni,
+    Batavo-Lugdunensis. Emblemes of Love, with verses in Latin, English,
+    and Italian, obl. 4to.: Antverpiæ, 1608."
+
+Prefixed is an English dedication "to the most Honourable and Worthy
+Brothers William, Earl of Pembroke, and Philip, Earl of Montgomerie,
+Patrons of Learning and Chevalrie," whose coat of arms also is given.
+
+    "The Doctrine of Morality, or a View of Human Life according to the
+    Stoic Philosophy, &c. A translation, by T. M. Gibbs, from the French of
+    M. De Gomberville, with 103 copper plates by Daret, folio: London,
+    1721."
+
+To each engraving are appended quotations from Horace, &c., with English
+translations: but both engravings and quotations have been pirated (without
+the least acknowledgment) from Van Veen's _Horatia Emblemata_.
+
+It must be admitted that a comprehensive work on European Books of Emblems,
+illustrated with fac-similes of the various engravings, &c., is a great
+desideratum in modern literature. I feel highly flattered by the kind
+commendations which MR. CORSER has bestowed upon my two small attempts
+towards such a work, and by his encouraging me to proceed "to enlarge and
+complete" the same. Now, I do not altogether despair of _enlarging_ it. But
+when my excellent friend puts forward a proposal to _complete_ it, he
+should be informed that my library alone contains nearly 250 volumes
+strictly emblematical, and published during the sixteenth and seventeenth
+centuries. By far the greater part of these are in Latin. To carry forward
+a work of such magnitude to anything like _completion_ must therefore be
+rather wished for than expected.
+
+JOS. B. YATES.
+
+West Dingle, near Liverpool.
+
+Allow me to add the following to MR. CORSER'S list:
+
+    "The Christian's Divine Amusement, consisting of Emblems and
+    Hieroglyphicks on a great Variety of Subjects, Moral and Divine, in
+    four books. By the late Rev. Mr. J. Jones. Embellished with near 100
+    beautiful emblematical cuts, 12mo. pp. 191.: London, 1764."
+
+I know not who the Rev. Mr. J. was, but his book is the old one of Francis
+Quarles. The author, or rather adapter, attacks and demolishes the fable as
+a method of instruction, and would substitute the emblems. In remodelling
+Quarles, Mr. Jones makes the following alterations, or
+improvements:--Instead of the Latin motto under each cut, he presents us
+with four lines of English verse, which contain a general explanation of
+the emblem. The page facing the cut he divides into two parts or sections
+of odes and hymns suited to common psalmody, and the moral, or application,
+also in a poetical dress.
+
+A prose work belonging to the class under notice is an
+
+    "Emblematical Representation of the Paradise of God; showing the Nature
+    of Spiritual Industry, in the similitude of a Garden well ordered,
+    dressed, and kept. London, 1779."
+
+The author of this was a visionary Scots gardener named Alexander Clark,
+who had been favoured with a special manifestation of divine glory, "by
+which," he says, "(to my own astonishment) I was enabled to see through
+every profound passage of Scripture, and to spiritualise every material
+thing;" but he belongs to my fanatical rather {581} than to my emblematical
+shelf, and may be worth a separate Note hereafter.
+
+Under the name of Farlie, or Fairlie, MR. CORSER mixes up the titles of two
+distinct books; they are now before me, and divide themselves thus:
+
+    1. "Lychnocavsia, sive Moralia Facvm Emblemata. Light's Moral Emblems.
+    Authore Roberto Farlæo, Scoto-Britanno. 12mo.: London, Th. Cotes for M.
+    Sparke, 1638."
+
+Containing fifty-eight emblems in Latin and English, each with a cut, with
+a dedication in Latin to the Earl of Ancrum, and one in English to his
+Countess. There are also complimentary verses by J. Hooper, Christ.
+Drayton, Mr. Povey, Thos. Beedome, and Edm. Coleman.
+
+    2. "Kalendarium Humanæ Vitæ. The Kalendar of Man's Life. Authore R. F.,
+    S.-B. 12mo. London, for W. Hope, 1638."
+
+With a Latin dedication to his patron the Earl of Ancrum. The book contains
+verses upon the various stages of man's life, under the heads of Spring,
+Summer, Autumn, and Winter; again subdivided into moralisations upon the
+months, as corresponding with the periods of life, as "August, or Man's
+Youth," &c. This has also a variety of curious cuts, and both have engraved
+emblematical titles, the latter bearing on its face "G. Glover fecit."
+
+When book-rarities were in more request, these were costly little volumes;
+and I shall be glad if any of your correspondents can direct me where to
+find any notice of Robert Fairlie, the author of two of the most
+interesting of the emblematical series.
+
+J. O.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+PHOTOGRAPHIC CORRESPONDENCE.
+
+    [The following paper, which has been kindly communicated to us by MR.
+    POLLOCK at the request of DR. DIAMOND, describes a process which
+    deserves the especial attention of our photographic friends, for the
+    beauty and uniformity of its results.]
+
+MR. POLLOCK'S DIRECTIONS FOR OBTAINING POSITIVE PHOTOGRAPHS UPON
+ALBUMENISED PAPER.
+
+_The paper_ should be carefully chosen, by holding up every sheet to the
+light, and only those sheets which are homogeneous in appearance and free
+from spots should be kept for use.
+
+_The albumen_ should be obtained from new-laid hens' eggs; twenty-four is a
+convenient number to use at a time: these will yield twenty-four ounces of
+albumen, to which should be added six ounces of distilled writer (making
+thirty ounces in all) and four per cent. of chloride of ammonium, viz. one
+ounce and a quarter.
+
+The albumen water and chloride should be whipped with a silver fork for
+several minutes, and then put into a narrow tall jar, and allowed to stand
+for not less than two days (forty-eight hours). In cool weather it will
+keep well for eight days, at the end of which time the upper half of the
+albumen is to be poured off into a shallow vessel, rather larger than the
+sheets of paper intended to be albumenised.
+
+_To put the Albumen on the Paper._--Take a sheet by two opposite corners;
+turn one up; place the sheet boldly on the albumen, the centre first coming
+in contact with the albumen; lower the corners of the paper, gradually
+carefully excluding, the air. Let the sheet so placed remain four minutes:
+then take it by the turned up corner, and rip it from the albumen quickly,
+so as to carry up a quantity of the albumen with it. Let it drain for a
+minute or two, moving it so as not to allow the albumen to run in streaks;
+pin it to a piece of tape; and, when dry, pass a very hot iron over the
+back. This ends the albumenising process.
+
+_To make the Paper sensitive._--Place the albumenised side downwards, for
+four minutes, on the surface of a solution of nitrate of silver, of the
+strength of ninety grains to the ounce of distilled water; pin it up by one
+corner to dry, and keep it between pieces of blotting-paper. This must be
+done by yellow light, or the light of a candle.
+
+_To print from the Negative._--The simplest apparatus to have is a number
+of pieces of plate-glass a quarter of an inch thick, colourless, about
+twelve inches by ten in size.
+
+The sensitive paper is to be placed on one of the plates of glass,
+sensitive side upwards, and the negative is to be placed firmly upon it,
+collodion side downwards; and a second glass plate is then to be placed on
+the negative, and the whole arrangement exposed to the light. The time for
+exposure is from three minutes to an hour. With a little practice the
+negative can be lifted up, and the positive viewed front time to time,
+without any risk of displacement.
+
+The best rule is to print the lightest shade on the positive very decidedly
+darker than it would be wished that it should remain permanently.
+
+_To fix the Positive._--On removing it from the pressure frame, place it in
+a bath made as follows:
+
+  Water                                            6 oz.
+  Hyposulphite of soda                             1 oz.
+  Nitrate of silver solution, 50 grs. to oz.      15 minims.
+  Iodide of silver, dissolved in a saturated
+    solution of hypo.                             10 minims.
+  Chloride of gold                                 2 grains.
+  Chloride of silver (blackened by light)          5 grains.
+  Acetic acid                                      2 drops.
+
+Mix these: let them stand some hours; and filter before use. If the
+chloride of silver is omitted, the bath will do very well, but will very
+much improve with age, as it will acquire chloride of silver from the
+positives placed in it. {582}
+
+The time to leave the positive in the fixing bath varies from one hour to
+twelve. To get good black and white tints, the average time is five or six
+hours. When the desired tint is obtained, remove it into a bath composed of
+
+  Water      6 oz.
+  Hypo.      1 oz.
+
+Leave in this for half an hour, and then keep it in running water for
+several hours. If the water is hot, the time of soaking may be lessened:
+boiling water is objectionable. Nearly dry the positive between sheets of
+clean blotting-paper, and finish it by passing a very hot iron over it.
+
+_General Remarks._--The albumenised paper will keep any length of time in a
+dry place.
+
+When made sensitive, as directed, it will keep three days, always supposing
+that it is both prepared and kept most carefully excluded from white light.
+If, instead of a solution of nitrate of silver of ninety grains to the
+ounce, a weaker one be used, to make the paper sensitive, it will keep when
+sensitive a much longer time,--with a thirty-grain solution, a fortnight,
+or sometimes even a month; but then it does not give a positive of the same
+force and tone as that obtained with the stronger solution.
+
+After the fixing bath has done its day's work, it should be poured back
+into the bottle from which it came, and the bottle be filled up from the
+finishing bath; and so the bath is kept always of the same quantity; and by
+adding from time to time chloride of gold, it is kept of the same quality.
+
+The nitrate of silver and chloride of silver will never have to be renewed.
+The iodide of silver should be added as at first, viz. ten drops for about
+every two hundred positives fixed; and the acetic acid, viz. two drops for
+about every four hundred.
+
+In a bath of twenty-four ounces, as many as thirty positives, five inches
+by four, may be placed at one time: but the dark tints will then appear
+very slowly and gradually.
+
+To insure a good positive, next to having a good negative, it is most
+important to print of the right depth, neither too much nor too little.
+Great attention should be paid to this: for the finest tints are only to be
+obtained in positives exposed exactly the right time.
+
+Positives printed in a bright sun quickly are always better than those
+obtained by longer exposure without sun.
+
+H. P.
+
+21. Maddox Street, Regent Street.
+
+_Test for Lenses._--In applying the methods recommended in your last Number
+for the purpose of testing lenses, there is one precaution absolutely
+necessary to be taken, but which all your correspondents have omitted to
+point out. The operator must take care that his _focussing-glass_ is placed
+at precisely the same distance from the lens as the _collodionised_ glass
+is. To insure this, my practice is to place a piece of ground glass in the
+dark frame, which is afterwards to receive the collodionised glass, and to
+obtain the focus of the lens on that; then to put in the proposed plate,
+and obtain an impression as described by MR. SHADBOLT. In this way I secure
+myself from what I believe is often a source of fallacy in these
+experiments, and am sure that I give the lens a fair trial.
+
+E. S.
+
+_Washing Collodion Pictures._--I have never offered to your readers an
+opinion in photography without having _bonâ fide_ tested it, to the best of
+my ability; and however correct my friend MR. SHADBOLT may be, chemically
+and theoretically, I am convinced that in practice so good a tone is never
+obtained in a positive collodion picture which has been washed, as in one
+which has been instantly fixed with the old saturated solution of
+hyposulphite of soda. The unpleasant tints obtained upon positive collodion
+pictures, I believe to be much dependent upon the frequent washings in the
+proofs. When a collodion picture is properly treated, it surpasses in
+pleasing effect every other photograph.
+
+H. W. DIAMOND.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Replies to Minor Queries.
+
+_Cremonas_ (Vol. vii., p. 501.).--A discriminative account of the violins
+and basses by the great Italian makers, showing, in every ascertainable
+instance, the date of manufacture, and thereby forming to some extent a
+chronological catalogue, as it were, of the works of each master, would be,
+indeed, a curious and interesting achievement. Such a task, involving much
+consultation of books and examination of instruments, calls for sounder
+eye-sight and larger opportunities than are possessed by me; but I shall
+rejoice if the desire expressed by your correspondent H. C. K. shall be
+found to have stirred up some competent investigator. Time and accident are
+gradually attaching, to the fine instruments in question, a kind of
+_sibylline_ intensity of value; and the inquiry, if omitted now, may become
+impossible hereafter. Let us not fear, however, that those "cunning'st
+patterns of excelling art," the Amati, Stradivari, and Guarneri fiddles,
+will eventually perish without worthy issue, and "die, and leave the world
+no copy." Provision to the contrary, it seems, has already been made;
+Monsieur Vuillaume "has ta'en order for't," that is to say, _if_ his
+instruments, which at present look very like faithful fac-similes of the
+renowned classic prototypes, shall verify the confident predictions of
+their admirers, by continuing to stand the test of time.
+
+My authority for 1664 as the date of birth of Antonio Stradivari, is a
+living Belgian writer, Monsieur Fétis, who has not stated from whence {583}
+he has adopted it. I find that the Paris _Biographie Universelle_ gives no
+fixed date, but only a conjectural one, _about_ 1670, so that 1664 _may_
+possibly be right.
+
+G. DUBOURG.
+
+Brighton.
+
+_James Chaloner_ (Vol. vii., p. 334.).--MR. HUGHES is mistaken in imagining
+that James Chaloner the herald-painter was the same person as James
+Chaloner, Governor of the Isle of Man, and one of the judges of Charles I.
+He will find the error exposed by Chalmers (_Biog. Dict._, JAS. C.), and in
+my family, as descendants of the latter James Chaloner, there are among his
+papers many which prove the governor to have been (as MR. HUGHES doubts)
+the son of Sir Thomas Chaloner of Gisborough.
+
+Should any farther doubts remain on the subject, I shall be happy to give
+all information required concerning these papers, among which are the
+original commission of governor and captain, signed by Lenthal, and
+twenty-one letters from Lord Fairfax to his "dear cousin James Chaloner."
+The son of Sir Thomas Chaloner married Ursula Fairfax. It may be presumed
+the herald-painter did not stand in the same relationship to the
+Parliamentary general. Lord Fairfax thanks his correspondent for a copy of
+"his" _History of the Isle of Man_.
+
+URSULA.
+
+_Irish Convocation_ (Vol. vi., p. 317.; Vol. vii., p. 345.).--In vol. i. of
+_Letters written by the late Jonathan Swift, D.D., Dean of St. Patrick's,
+Dublin, and several of his Friends, from the Year 1703 to 1740, &c., with
+Notes, by John Hawkesworth, LL.D._: London, 1766,--will be found some
+account of the Irish Convocation in 1711. See Archbishop King's Letters at
+pp. 110, 111. 122, 123. 132, 133. 140, 141.
+
+J. K.
+
+_St. Paul's Epistle to Seneca_ (Vol. vii., p. 500.).--It is not manifest
+whether J. M. S. wishes for information simply respecting the MS. in Merton
+College, or whether his inquiry really relates to the _printing_ of the
+fourteen spurious epistles, eight of which are ascribed to Seneca, and six
+to St. Paul.
+
+If your correspondent is curious about the particular MS. he mentions,
+which is a very old one, and was the gift of William Reade, Bishop of
+Chichester (who had been a Fellow of Merton) about the year 1370, he may
+consult the _Catal. Lib. MSS. Ang. et Hib._, part. ii. p. 23., Oxon. 1697;
+and should he desire to peruse the fictitious Epistles, he may easily
+discover them in the _Bibliotheca Sancta_ of Sixtus Senensis, lib. ii. pp.
+102-104. Francof. 1575, or in Fabricii _Cod. Apoc. Nov. Test._, ii.
+892-904. Jacobus Faber Stapulensis has inserted them in the handsome volume
+of his _Commentaries on the Epistles of St. Paul_. (Fol. clxxvi.-clxxix.:
+Paris, 1517.) I find them also annexed to the _Epistole Francisci
+Philelphi_, 4to., Hagenau, 1514. So far as I can perceive, it does not
+appear that the correspondence in question was published amongst any of the
+works of Seneca earlier than the year 1475; and it is commonly omitted in
+later editions. (Fabr., _Bib. Lat._, i. 429.: Venet. 1728.) Vid. Raynaudi
+_Erotemata_, p. 119.: Lugd. 1653.; Nicolai Antonii _Biblioth. Hisp. vetus_,
+tom. i. pp. 39, 40.: Matriti, 1788.
+
+R. G.
+
+_Captain Ayloff_ (Vol. vii., p. 429.).--I possess a small volume (a 12mo.)
+by "Captain Ayloffe," with a title-page as follows:
+
+    "A Pocket Companion for Gentlemen and Ladies; being a true and faithful
+    Epitomy of the most exact and ample Histories of _England_; containing
+    all the material Particulars in every reign of the _English_ Monarchs,
+    from Egbert to her present Majesty, being 884 years. With forty-nine
+    Copper plates curiously engraved, being the effigies of every Monarch.
+    London, printed by J. Nutt, near Stationers' Hall, 1703."
+
+It is dedicated "To the Honourable Col. Archibald Row, Colonel of the Royal
+Regiment of Scots Fuzileers," and signed "W. Ayloffe." Then follows an
+introduction of six pages.
+
+Should the above be useful to MR. STERNBERG, I shall feel pleasure in
+having made the communication by means of the useful and intelligent
+publication of "N. & Q."
+
+GODDARD JOHNSON.
+
+_Plan of London_ (Vol. vii., p. 382.).--L. S. W. asks whether there is a
+good plan of London, and answers his Query thus, _None_. I beg to differ
+from him, believing that no city in the world possesses so good a plan as
+that lately made under the late Commissioners of Sewers. It is true I and
+my tenants have paid very dearly for it, but having examined both the
+reduced plan and block plan very carefully, am compelled to admit their
+accuracy. It is published in sheets at two shillings each; size, three feet
+by two feet; scale of _block plan_, five feet to one mile; _reduced plan_,
+one foot to one mile. On each plan accurate levels of every place is given.
+An index-map, price threepence, is also published.
+
+A. P.
+
+Canonbury.
+
+_Syriac Scriptures_ (Vol. vii., p. 479.).--The editions of the eighteenth
+and nineteenth centuries, preceding the Bible Society's edition, are,--
+
+    1. Nov. Testam. Syriac. et Arabic. Romæ, typis Sacr. Cong. de prop.
+    Fide, 1703, fol.
+
+    2. Nov. D. N. Jesu Christi Test. Syriac. cum versione Latiná, currâ et
+    studio Joh. Leusden et Caroli Schaaf. Secunda editio à mendis purgata.
+    Lugduni. Bat. Typ. Jo. Mulleri. John. fil. apud Vid. et fil. Cornel.
+    Boutesteyn, Samuelem Luchtmans, 1717, 4to.
+
+    3. Biblia Sacra quadrilinguia N. T. Græci, cum versione Syriacâ, Græcâ
+    vulgari, Latinâ, et Germanicâ, accurante M. Christ. Reineccio, Lips.
+    1713, fol.
+
+    4. Psalter, by John. Aug. Dathe, 1768.
+
+    {584} 5. Sacrorum evangeliorum versio Syriaca Pholoxeniana ex codd.
+    MSS. Ridleianis, nunc primum edita cum interpretatione et
+    annotationibus Josephi White. Oxon. 1778.
+
+    6. Pentateuchus Syriace. Ex Polyglottis Anglicanis summa fide edidit M.
+    Georgius Guil. Kirsch. Gymnasii quod Hofæ est, in Principatu Baruthino
+    Rector. Hofæ et Lipsiæ ap. A. Fr. Boehm, 1787, 4to.
+
+An elaborate criticism on No. 5. (the Oxford edit.) appears in Eichhorn's
+_Repertorium_, vol. vii. p. 1., by D. Gottlob Christian Storr.
+
+T. J. BUCKTON.
+
+Birmingham.
+
+_Meaning of "Worth"_ (Vol. v., p. 509.).--As this suffix enters into the
+composition of many of our English surnames, particularly in the northern
+counties, MR. LOWER (and probably your readers in general) will be glad to
+have the explanation of an able Anglo-Saxon scholar and antiquary, the late
+lamented Mr. John Just of this town, whose merits as a philosopher and
+etymologist were highly appreciated by the learned societies in this
+district. It occurs in a paper read at a chapter of the Rosicrucians in
+Manchester a few months since:
+
+    "WORTH.--_Weorthe_, Anglo-Saxon, a field, &c. _Worth_ means land,
+    close, or farm. It does not necessarily imply any residence, although
+    thereon might be a hall or mansion. It likewise sometimes means nothing
+    more than road or public way. Hence it is connected with the names of
+    many places on our old roads, as Ainsworth, Edgeworth, on the Roman
+    military road to the north; Failsworth, Saddleworth, on the Roman
+    military road from Manchester to York; Unsworth, Pilsworth, on the old
+    road between Bury and Manchester; also Ashworth, Whitworth,
+    Butterworth, on old roads, and connected with old places, near
+    Rochdale. Whether originally land, closes, or farms, _worths_ were
+    acquired properties. The old expression of 'What is he worth?' in those
+    days meant, 'Has he land? Possesses he real property?' If he had
+    secured a _worth_ to himself, he was called a _worthy_ person, and in
+    consequence had _worship_, _i. e._ due respect shown him. A _worth_ was
+    the reward of the free; and perchance the fundamentals of English
+    freedom were primarily connected with such apparently trivial matters,
+    and produced such a race of _worthies_ as the proud Greeks and haughty
+    Romans might not be ashamed of. _Worth_ is pure Anglo-Saxon. The
+    Scandinavians applied it not in their intercourse with our island."
+
+BROCTUNA.
+
+Bury, Lancashire.
+
+_Khond Fable_ (Vol. vii., p. 452.).--This fable is clearly from Lokman, of
+which the following is Hélot's translation:
+
+    "Une moustique se posa un jour sur la corne d'un taureau, et, pensant
+    qu'elle pouvait être trop lourde pour lui, elle lui dit: 'Si je te suis
+    à charge, fais-le-moi savoir afin que je m'envole.' Le taureau lui
+    répondit: 'Je ne t'ai point sentie au moment où tu es descendue, je ne
+    saurai pas davantage quand tu t'envoleras.' Cette fable regarde celui
+    qui cherche à s'attribuer de l'honneur et de la gloire tandis qu'il est
+    faible et méprisable."
+
+The sense of the Bull's reply in Arabic seems to be:
+
+    "O you, whatever you are [_Ya hadi_], I did not know when you
+    descended, nor shall I know when you take yourself off [_Taterin_]."
+
+A pointed reply, leaving the mosquito one horn of the dilemma.
+
+T. J. BUCKTON.
+
+Birmingham.
+
+The following lines by Prior immediately occurred to my mind on perusing
+J. C. R.'s interesting note. The points of resemblance between the two
+fables are somewhat striking:
+
+ "'Say, sire of insects, mighty Sol!'
+  A fly on the chariot pole cried out,
+     'What blue-bottle alive
+  Did ever with such fury drive?'
+
+ "'Tell, Beelzebub, great father, tell!'
+  Says t'other, perch'd upon the wheel,
+ 'Did ever any mortal fly
+  Raise such a cloud of dust as I?'"
+
+              MORAL.
+
+ "_My_ judgment turn'd the whole debate!
+  _My_ valour saved the sinking state!"
+
+COWGILL.
+
+This fable is found in the collection assigned to Babrius. It is the
+eighty-fourth in the excellent edition of these fables by Mr. G. Cornewall
+Lewis: Oxford, 1846.
+
+W. H. G.
+
+Winchester.
+
+_Collar of SS._ (Vols. iv. _and_ v., _passim_).--In the discussion on the
+subject of the collar of SS., in the columns of "N. & Q.," I find no
+mention of an incidental observation of Thomas Fuller, which occurs in the
+notice of John Gower, the poet, in the Worthies of Yorkshire, and is
+deserving of some notice:
+
+    "Another author (Stow) unknighteth him, allowing him only a plain
+    esquire, though in my apprehension the collar of SSS. about his neck
+    speaketh him to be more. Besides (with submission to better judgments)
+    that collar hath rather a civil than a military relation, proper to
+    persons in place of judicature; which makes me guess this Gower some
+    judge in his old age, well consisting with his original education."
+
+MR. FOSS, I see, mentions (Vol. iv., p. 147.) the existence of the collar
+on the poet's monument, and suggests that he might have worn it as a court
+poet.
+
+H. C. K.
+
+---- Rectory, Hereford.
+
+_Chaucer's Knowledge of Italian_ (Vol. vii., p. 517.).--To the proofs that
+Chaucer was well acquainted with Italian literature, brought forward in "N.
+& Q." by J. M. B., it may seem {585} unnecessary to add any more. Yet, if
+it were only for the purpose of recalling your readers' attention to the
+elegant and instructive _Dissertation on the State of English Poetry before
+the Sixteenth Century_, by the late Dr. Nott, of All Souls' College, will
+you permit me to adduce that learned writer's authority, in opposition to
+the opinion of Sir Harris Nicolas, that Chaucer was not versed in Italian
+literature? Dr. Nott's Dissertation is entombed in the two quarto volumes
+of his edition of the _Works of Surrey and Wyatt_ (London, 1815); and it is
+much to be wished that it were reprinted in a separate and more accessible
+form.
+
+J. M.
+
+Oxford.
+
+_Pic Nic_ (Vol. vii., p. 387.).--The following extract from an Italian
+newspaper raises a considerable presumption that this word is not now
+considered in Italy as an Italian one; the date is Sept. 1841.
+
+    "Se qualche delirante vi ha dato ad intendere che i Bagni di Lucca sono
+    il soggiorno prediletto dell' Italiano, ci vi ha detto una solenne
+    bugia.
+
+    "I Bagni di Lucca appartengono, come tant' altre cose in Italia,
+    esclusivamente allo straniero."
+
+Then follows a description of the numerous English arrivals, while the
+Italian--
+
+    "Spera di rinvenir sulle alture di que' colli un piè di patria tutto
+    per lui, e ascende i sentieri ornati di bosco. Ma abbassando gli occhi
+    ci s' accorge che non è solo. Un' _Amatore_ a cui forse l' ignobile
+    itinerario della _Starke_ ha rivelate quella sublime veduta, sta
+    colassu scarabocchiando uno sbozzo pell' Album del suo _drawing room_.
+    Più lunge, povero Italiano! più lunge! Ecco la scena si cambia ... i
+    sentieri divengono più ardui ... in fondo, mezzo nascosto dal fitto
+    fogliame apparisce ... un casolare; un villano lo invita ad entrare ...
+    e gli parla in Inglese, in Francese, ed in Tedesco!... ci s' allontana
+    impazientito, e corre più lunge!... I castagni divengono rari.... Aride
+    roccie annunziano il vertice dell' Apennin. Ancora una breve salita, e
+    poi ci sarà sul più alto pinacolo del Prato Fiorite. Ma al piè del
+    viattolo è un inciampo! e l'occhio sconfortato scorge la livrea di un
+    _groom_ e da un lato una sentimentale _Lady_, che si è arrampiccata più
+    lassa e prosaicamente seduta sulla sua sedia portatile sta scrivendo
+    una lettera sopra un foglio a vignetta. L' Italiano continua ad
+    ascendere ... e giunte alla vetta ... all' amplissima libera vista, il
+    cuore dell' Italiano batte più forte ... la mente s' esalta, e i più
+    energici pensieri vi bollono.... Ma gli occhi ritornano svegliati dei
+    passi dei Cavalli, appiè del ripiane s' affaccia una numerosa comitiva
+    ... è un _pique nique_! Fuggi fuggi mal capitate Italiano la straniero
+    l' inseque anco nel nido dell aguila!"
+
+Here the "pique nique" is evidently the climax of all that is "straniero."
+
+K. E.
+
+_Canker or Brier Rose_ (Vol. vii, p. 500.).--I suspect that this term
+refers to the beautiful mossy gall, so commonly seen on the branches of the
+wild rose, which has been called the _bedeguar_ of the rose. This is the
+production of a cynips; and, from its vivid tints of crimson and green,
+might well pass at a short distance for a flower, brilliant, but scentless.
+Hence Shakspeare's allusion:
+
+ "The canker-blooms have full as deep a dye
+  As the perfumed tincture of the roses."
+
+W. J. BERNHARD SMITH.
+
+Temple.
+
+_Cancre_ and _crabe_ in French are synonymous, meaning the same; Anglicè,
+crab (_fish_).
+
+Now, we have crab-tree, a wild apple-tree; a canker rose, a wild rose; dog
+rose, dog-violet, horse leech, horse chestnut. In all these cases the
+prefix denotes inferiority of species.
+
+H. F. B.
+
+_Door-head Inscriptions_ (Vol. vii., pp. 23. 190.)--In Watson's _History of
+Halifax_ (1775, 4to., p. 257.), in describing the High Sunderland, an
+ancient mansion near Halifax, formerly the residence of the Sunderlands, he
+notices that "over the north door is written, _Ne subeat Glis serdus_, a
+mistake for _surdus_; and over a door on the south side, _Ne entret amicus
+hirudo_."
+
+As some of your correspondents doubt as to the proper reading I have
+thought it worth while to give this duplicate version. I recollect the
+inscription well, having been sorely puzzled, when a schoolboy, in my
+frequent walks to High Sunderland, to understand these two inscriptions. I
+must not omit the inscription on the south front:
+
+ "Omnipotens faxet, stirps Sunderlandia sedes
+  Incolet has placide, et tueatur jura parentum,
+  Lite vacans, donec fluctus formica marinos
+  Ebibat et totum testudo perambulet orbem!"
+
+The commentary of the worthy historian is edifying:
+
+    "The writer of these, or his son, alienated this very estate, which the
+    then owner so earnestly wished might continue in the family for ever!"
+
+JAMES CROSSLEY.
+
+On the portico of Arley Hall, the seat of the ancient family of Warburton,
+and about four miles from the town of Northwich, Cheshire, the following
+"free pass" to visitors appears, carved in stone:
+
+ "This gate is free to all men, good and true;
+  Right welcome thou, if worthy to pass through."
+
+T. HUGHES.
+
+Chester.
+
+"_Time and I_," &c. (Vol. vii., p. 181.).--Who was the author of this
+adage? Lord Mahon gives it as a favourite saying of Mazarin (_History of
+England_, vol. ii. p. 100., small edition). Mr. Stirling (_Cloister Life of
+Charles V._, p. 151., 2nd edition) tells us that it was a favourite adage
+of {586} that temporising monarch. Perhaps it was a well-known Spanish
+proverb.
+
+CHEVERELLS.
+
+_Lowbell_ (Vol. vii., p. 181.).--The inclosed was taken from the
+_Northampton Herald_ of the 16th April, 1853:
+
+    "On Monday last this village was thrown into a state of great
+    excitement by the tidings that a married labourer, named Samuel
+    Peckover, had taken poison, with the intent of destroying himself. This
+    was found to be the case. He had swallowed a dose of mercury, such as
+    is commonly used for sheep, and, but for the timely arrival of Mr.
+    Jones, surgeon, from Brackley, who administered him a powerful
+    antidote, he would have expired within a short time. The circumstance
+    which led the misguided man to attempt this rash act was as
+    follows:--Although a married man, and wedded to a very respectable
+    woman, he had seduced a young female of the village, named Adelaide
+    Hirons, who was delivered of a female child on Saturday last. This
+    disgraceful affair, of course, had become known to the neighbours, who
+    expressed great indignation at his most disreputable conduct, and they
+    in consequence determined to put him to open shame by 'lowbelling' him
+    in front of his cottage in the evening, when all the old pots and
+    kettles in the village were put in requisition, and a continual discord
+    was kept up for two or three hours, by way of administering him a
+    wholesome punishment for his breaking the marriage vows. It is supposed
+    that the fear of this impending disgrace, and also remorse for his
+    crime, were the cause of his thus attempting to make away with himself,
+    and to rush unprepared and unpardoned into the presence of his Maker!"
+
+F. JAMES.
+
+_Overseers of Wills_ (Vol. vii., p. 500.).--J. K. will find what he seeks
+about, overseers and supervisors of wills, in Burn's _Ecclesiastical Law_.
+
+F. O. MARTIN.
+
+_Detached Belfry Towers_ (Vol. vii., pp. 333. 416. 465.).--I have also to
+inform you that the tower of Terrington St. Clement's Church, about five
+miles from Kings Lynn, is detached from the church.
+
+J. N. C.
+
+King's Lynn.
+
+To the list of churches having detached towers may be added the church of
+Chittlehampton, near South Molton, Devon. It is several years since I last
+visited the spot, but I have a distinct recollection of the fact.
+
+J. SANSOM.
+
+Amongst your list of towers separate from the church, I think you have not
+mentioned Westbury on Severn, near Gloucester.
+
+H. H. GIBBS.
+
+Add to your list of Detached Church Towers, the magnificent Norman tower at
+Bury St. Edmunds in Suffolk.
+
+J. B.
+
+_Vincent Family_ (Vol. vii., p. 501.).--The representative of Augustine
+Vincent is Thomas Wentworth Edmunds of Worsbro', W. Barnsley, in the county
+of York, the son of the late Wm. Bennet Martin of the same place, Esq., who
+has assumed the name of his great-uncle, Francis Offley Edmunds. There is a
+memoir of Augustine Vincent, by Mr. Hunter, published, I believe, by
+Pickering, Piccadilly, which shows the descent, and may perhaps throw light
+on Francis Vincent. The name, I believe, is still common at Finedon in
+Northamptonshire.
+
+F. O. MARTIN.
+
+Stoudon Place, Brentwood.
+
+_Pronunciation of "Coke"_ (Vol. vi., p. 16.).--In a list of books "printed
+and sold by Richard Chiswell," at the end of a copy of Cave's _Lives of the
+Fathers_, 1683, in my possession, the following occurs among the folios:
+"Lord Cook's _Reports_ in English." This is exactly fifty years after his
+death.
+
+H. C. K.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Miscellaneous.
+
+BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES WANTED TO PURCHASE.
+
+SANDERS' HISTORY OF SHENSTONE IN STAFFORDSHIRE. J. Nichols, London. 1794.
+Two Copies.
+
+THE AUTHOR'S PRINTING AND PUBLISHING ASSISTANT. Lond. 1840. 12mo.
+
+LOMBARDI (PETRI) SENTENTIARUM, Lib. IV. Any good edition.
+
+WALKER'S LATIN PARTICLES.
+
+HERBERT'S CAROLINA THRENODIA. 8vo. 1702.
+
+THEOBALD'S SHAKSPEARE RESTORED. 4to. 1726.
+
+SCOTT, REMARKS ON THE BEST WRITINGS OF THE BEST AUTHORS (or some such
+title).
+
+SERMONS BY THE REV. ROBERT WAKE, M.A. 1704, 1712, &c.
+
+HISTORY OF ANCIENT WILTS, BY SIR R. C. HOARE. The last three Parts.
+
+REV A. DYCE'S EDITION OF DR. RICHARD BENTLEY'S WORKS. Vol. III. Published
+by Francis Macpherson, Middle Row, Holborn. 1836.
+
+DISSERTATION ON ISAIAH XVIII., IN A LETTER TO EDWARD KING, ESQ., BY SAMUEL
+LORD BISHOP OF ROCHESTER (HORSLEY). The Quarto Edition, printed for Robson.
+1779.
+
+BEN JONSON'S WORKS. 9 Vols. 8vo. Vols. II., III., IV. Bds.
+
+SIR WALTER SCOTT'S NOVELS. 41 Vols. 8vo. The last nine Vols. Boards.
+
+*** _Correspondents sending Lists Of Books wanted are requested to send
+their names._
+
+*** Letters, stating particulars and lowest price, _carriage free_, to be
+sent to MR. BELL, Publisher of "NOTES AND QUERIES," 186. Fleet Street.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Notices to Correspondents.
+
+_The number of Replies waiting for insertion has obliged us to omit our
+usual_ NOTES ON BOOKS, _and many_ NOTICES TO CORRESPONDENTS.
+
+QUERY. _The quotation_
+
+ "Heu quanto minus reliquis versari," _&c._
+
+_is from Shenstone's Epitaph on Miss Dolman. See_ "N. & Q." Vol. iv., p.
+73.
+
+F. B. _The etymology of_ Apron _is very doubtful. Minshew and others derive
+it from_ afore one; _while Todd again derives it from the French_ napperon.
+
+TOM TELL TRUTH _is thanked. There cannot be two opinions on the subject of
+his communication._
+
+_A few complete sets of_ "NOTES AND QUERIES," Vols. i. _to_ vi., _price
+Three Guineas, may now be had; for which early application is desirable._
+
+"NOTES AND QUERIES" _is published at noon on Friday, so that the Country
+Booksellers may receive Copies in that night's parcels, and deliver them to
+their Subscribers on the Saturday._ {587}
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
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+
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+HOCKIN & CO., Chemists, 289. Strand, were the first in England who
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+Society's Agents, or of
+
+GEORGE H. PINCKARD, Resident Secretary.
+
+_99. Great Russell Street, Bloomsbury, London._
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+UNITED KINGDOM LIFE ASSURANCE COMPANY: established by Act of Parliament in
+1834.--8. Waterloo Place, Pall Mall, London.
+
+  HONORARY PRESIDENTS.
+
+  Earl of Courtown
+  Earl Leven and Melville
+  Earl of Norbury
+  Earl of Stair
+  Viscount Falkland
+  Lord Elphinstone
+  Lord Belhaven and Stenton
+  Wm. Campbell, Esq., of Tillichewan
+
+      LONDON BOARD.
+
+  _Chairman._--Charles Graham, Esq.
+  _Deputy-Chairman._--Charles Downes, Esq.
+
+  H. Blair Avarne, Esq.
+  E. Lennox Boyd, Esq., F.S.A., _Resident_.
+  C. Berwick Curtis, Esq.
+  William Fairlie, Esq.
+  D. Q. Henriques, Esq.
+  J. G. Henriques, Esq.
+  F. C. Maitland, Esq.
+  William Railton, Esq.
+  F. H. Thomson, Esq.
+  Thomas Thorby, Esq.
+
+  MEDICAL OFFICERS.
+
+  _Physician._--Arthur H. Hassall, Esq., M.D.,
+  8. Bennett Street, St. James's.
+
+  _Surgeon._--F. H. Tomson, Esq., 48. Berners Street.
+
+The Bonus added to Policies from March, 1834, to December 31, 1847, is as
+follows:--
+
+    Sum    |   Time   |   Sum added to     |   Sum
+  Assured. | Assured. |      Policy        | Payable
+           |          +--------------------+ at Death.
+           |          | In 1841. In 1848.  |
+  ---------+----------+---------+----------+----------
+      £    |          |   £ s.d.|   £  s.d.|    £  s.d.
+     5000  | 14 years | 683 6 8 | 787 10 0 | 6470 16 8
+   * 1000  |  7 years |  -  -   | 157 10 0 | 1157 10 0
+      500  |  1 year  |  -  -   |  11  5 0 |  511  5 0
+
+* EXAMPLE.--At the commencement of the year 1841, a person aged thirty took
+out a Policy for 1000l., the annual payment for which is 24l. 1s. 8d.; in
+1847 he had paid in premiums 168l. 11s. 8d.; but the profits being 2Πper
+cent. per annum on the sum insured (which is 22l. 10s. per annum for each
+1000l.) he had 157l. 10s. added to the Policy, almost as much as the
+premiums paid.
+
+The Premiums, nevertheless, are on the most moderate scale, and only
+one-half need be paid for the first five years, when the Insurance is for
+Life. Every information will be afforded on application to the Resident
+Director.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+PURE NERVOUS or MIND COMPLAINTS.--If the readers of NOTES AND QUERIES, who
+suffer from depression of spirits, confusion, headache, blushing,
+groundless fears, unfitness for business or society, blood to the head,
+failure of memory, delusions, suicidal thoughts, fear of insanity, &c.,
+will call on, or correspond with, REV. DR. WILLIS MOSELEY, who, out of
+above 22,000 applicants, knows not fifty uncured who have followed his
+advice, he will instruct them how to get well, without a fee, and will
+render the same service to the friends of the insane.--At home from 11 to
+3.
+
+18. BLOOMSBURY STREET, BEDFORD SQUARE.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+WESTERN LIFE ASSURANCE AND ANNUITY SOCIETY,
+
+3. PARLIAMENT STREET, LONDON.
+
+Founded A.D. 1842.
+
+_Directors._
+
+  H. E. Bicknell, Esq.
+  W. Cabell, Esq.
+  T. S. Cocks, Jun. Esq. M.P.
+  G. H. Drew, Esq.
+  W. Evans, Esq.
+  W. Freeman, Esq.
+  F. Fuller, Esq.
+  J. H. Goodhart, Esq.
+  T. Grissell, Esq.
+  J. Hunt, Esq.
+  J. A. Lethbridge, Esq.
+  E. Lucas, Esq.
+  J. Lys Seager, Esq.
+  J. B. White, Esq.
+  J. Carter Wood, Esq.
+
+_Trustees._
+
+W. Whateley, Esq., Q.C.; L. C. Humfrey, Esq., Q.C.; George Drew, Esq.
+
+_Physician._--William Rich. Basham, M.D.
+
+_Bankers._--Messrs. Cocks, Biddulph, and Co., Charing Cross.
+
+VALUABLE PRIVILEGE.
+
+POLICIES effected in this Office do not become void through temporary
+difficulty in paying a Premium, as permission is given upon application to
+suspend the payment at interest, according to the conditions detailed on
+the Prospectus.
+
+Specimens of Rates of Premium for Assuring 100l., with a Share in
+three-fourths of the Profits:--
+
+  Age      _£  s.  d._
+   17       1  14   4
+   22       1  18   8
+   27       2   4   5
+   32       2  10   8
+   37       2  18   6
+   42       3   8   2
+
+ARTHUR SCRATCHLEY, M.A., F.R.A.S., Actuary.
+
+Now ready, price 10s. 6d., Second Edition, with material additions,
+INDUSTRIAL INVESTMENT and EMIGRATION: being a TREATISE on BENEFIT BUILDING
+SOCIETIES, and on the General Principles of Land Investment, exemplified in
+the Cases of Freehold Land Societies, Building Companies, &c. With a
+Mathematical Appendix on Compound Interest and Life Assurance. By ARTHUR
+SCRATCHLEY, M.A., Actuary to the Western Life Assurance Society, 3.
+Parliament Street, London.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+ROYAL ASYLUM OF ST. ANN'S SOCIETY.--Waiting not for the Child of those once
+in prosperity to become an Orphan, but by Voluntary Contributions affording
+at once a Home, Clothing, Maintenance, and Education.
+
+The Half-yearly Election will take place at the London Tavern on Friday,
+August 12th, next.
+
+Forms of Nomination may be procured at the Office, where Subscriptions will
+be thankfully received.
+
+Executors of Benefactors by Will become Life Governors according to the
+amount of the Bequest.
+
+E. F. LEEKS, Secretary.
+
+2. Charlotte Row, Mansion House. {588}
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Just published, in 8vo., price 2s.
+
+A FOURTH LETTER to the REV. DR. MAITLAND on the GENUINENESS of the WRITINGS
+ascribed to CYPRIAN, BISHOP of CARTHAGE. By the REV. E. J. SHEPHERD, M.A.,
+Rector of Luddesdown: Author of the "History of the Church of Rome to the
+End of the Episcopate of Damasus."
+
+London: LONGMAN, BROWN, GREEN, & LONGMANS;
+
+Of whom may be had, by the same Author,
+
+THE FIRST LETTER, on the Intercourse between the Churches of Rome and
+Africa. 8vo., price 1s.
+
+A SECOND LETTER, on the Cyprianic Councils. 8vo., price 2s.
+
+A THIRD LETTER on the Roman Supremacy. 8vo., price 1s.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+JUST PUBLISHED, AND SENT FREE ON RECEIPT OF SIX POSTAGE STAMPS.
+
+I.
+
+ANTIQUARIAN NEWS: containing Curious and Interesting Gleanings respecting
+Prince Rupert, John Bunyan, Philip Astley, The Fortune Theatre, Strolling
+Players, Mountebanks, Quack Doctors, Highwaymen, Cock-Fighting, St.
+Pancras, May Fair, The Royal Bagnio, and a great variety of other
+remarkable matters, forming altogether a most extraordinary and amusing
+Publication.
+
+II.
+
+SHAKSPEARE REPOSITORY. No. II. (Sent Free on Receipt of Six Stamps.)
+Containing New and Important Researches respecting Shakspeare and his
+Works.
+
+No. I. also may be had on Receipt of Six Stamps, or both Numbers on Receipt
+of Twelve Stamps.
+
+III.
+
+A Fac-simile of a remarkably Curious and Interesting NEWSPAPER OF CHARLES
+THE SECOND'S REIGN, Free on Receipt of Three Stamps.
+
+Address, J. H. FENNELL, 1. Warwick Court, Holborn, London.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Preparing for Publication,
+
+A NEW ANNOTATED EDITION OF THE ENGLISH POETS. Edited by ROBERT BELL, Author
+of "The History of Russia," "Lives of the English Poets," &c.
+
+To be published in Monthly Volumes, Foolscap Octavo, combining those
+features of research, typographical elegance, and economy of price, which
+the present age demands. The text will be carefully collated, and
+accompanied by Biographical, Critical, and Historical Notes. A full
+Prospectus may be had on application, post paid, to the Publishers.
+
+JOHN W. PARKER & SON, West Strand, London.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+The Twenty-eighth Edition.
+
+NEUROTONICS, or the Art of Strengthening the Nerves, containing Remarks on
+the influence of the Nerves upon the Health of Body and Mind, and the means
+of Cure for Nervousness, Debility, Melancholy, and all Chronic Diseases, by
+DR. NAPIER, M.D. London: HOULSTON & STONEMAN. Price 4d., or Post Free from
+the Author for Five Penny Stamps.
+
+    "We can conscientiously recommend 'Neurotonics,' by Dr. Napier, to the
+    careful perusal of our invalid readers."--_John Bull Newspaper, June 5,
+    1852._
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+For Sale, price 16l. nett.
+
+AN UNCUT COPY OF THE GENTLEMAN'S MAGAZINE, complete to Dec. 1843, with the
+Five Volumes of Indexes, all half vellum, uncut, except Vols. III. and IV.,
+which are calf, edges cut. Many of the volumes have Notes on Slips of Paper
+and Newspaper Cuttings inserted by a former possessor.
+
+Apply to OLIVE LASBURY, Bookseller, 10. Park Street, Bristol.
+
+A New Catalogue Free by Post for One Penny Stamp.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+NEW BOOKS PUBLISHED THIS DAY.
+
+BRITANNIC RESEARCHES; or, New Facts and Rectifications of Ancient British
+History. By the REV. BEALE POSTE, M.A. 8vo., pp. 448, with Engravings, 15s.
+cloth.
+
+A GLOSSARY of PROVINCIALISMS in Use in the County of SUSSEX. by W. DURRANT
+COOPER, F.A.S. 12mo., 3s. 6d. cloth.
+
+A FEW NOTES on SHAKSPEARE; with occasional Remarks on the Emendations of
+the Manuscript-Corrector in Mr. Collier's Copy of the Folio, 1632. By the
+REV. ALEXANDER DYCE. 8vo., 5s. cloth.
+
+WILTSHIRE TALES, illustrative of the Dialect and Manners of the Rustic
+Population of that County. By JOHN YONGE AKERMAN, Esq. 12mo., 2s. 6d.
+cloth.
+
+REMAINS of PAGAN SAXONDOM, principally from Tumuli in England, described
+and illustrated. By J. Y. AKERMAN, Secretary of the Society of Antiquaries.
+Parts I. to V., 4to., 2s. 6d. each.
+
+*** The Plates are admirably executed by Mr. Basire, and coloured under the
+direction of the Author. It is a work well worthy the notice of the
+Archæologist.
+
+THE RETROSPECTIVE REVIEW: consisting of Criticisms upon, Analyses of, and
+Extracts from Curious, Useful, and Valuable Old Books. 8vo. Nos. 1, 2, and
+3, 2s. 6d. each. (No. 4., August 1.)
+
+J. RUSSELL SMITH, 36. Soho Square.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+WANTED, for the Ladies' Institute, 83. Regent Street, Quadrant, LADIES of
+taste for fancy work,--by paying 21s. will be received as members, and
+taught the new style of velvet wool work, which is acquired in a few easy
+lessons. Each lady will be guaranteed constant employment and ready cash
+payment for her work. Apply personally to Mrs. Thoughey. N.B. Ladies taught
+by letter at any distance from London.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+SPECTACLES.--WM. ACKLAND applies his medical knowledge as a Licentiate of
+the Apothecaries' Company, London, his theory as a Mathematician, and his
+practice as a Working Optician, aided by Smee's Optometer, in the selection
+of Spectacles suitable to every derangement of vision, so as to preserve
+the sight to extreme old age.
+
+ACHROMATIC TELESCOPES, with the New Vetzlar Eye-pieces, as exhibited at the
+Academy of Sciences in Paris. The Lenses of these Eye-pieces are so
+constructed that the rays of light fall nearly perpendicular to the surface
+of various lenses, by which the aberration is completely removed; and a
+telescope so fitted gives one-third more magnifying power and light than
+could be obtained by the old Eye-pieces. Prices of the various sizes on
+application to
+
+WM. ACKLAND, Optician, 93. Hatton Garden, London.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+12 mo. cloth, price 3s. 6d., with Index.
+
+QUOTATIONS.--The Book of Familiar Quotations, containing the hackneyed
+Quotations in daily use, with names of Authors, and places in their works
+where they are to be found.
+
+London: WHITTAKER & CO.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Free of Expense by Post.
+
+A CATALOGUE of certain old Books for Sale, by JOHN TUPLING, against the
+Church of St. Mary in the Strand, with Notes set down to a few of them for
+the taking away of all tediousness in reading.
+
+ "Som of the gretest autours that men rede."
+                  Chaucer, _Nonnes Tale_.
+
+JOHN TUPLING, 320. Strand.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Just published, with Portrait of the Author, in One Volume 8vo., price 12s.
+
+THE THISTLE AND THE CEDAR OF LEBANON; containing the Travels of the Author.
+Domestic Life in Syria, the Comparative Influences of the Roman Catholic
+and Protestant Faiths in Syria, and the present State of the Turkish
+Empire, &c. By HABUB RISK ALLAH EFFENDI, M.R.C.S.
+
+London: JAMES MADDEN, 8. Leadenhall Street.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+SALLUST'S JUGURTHINE WAR, WITH ENGLISH NOTES.
+
+In 12mo., price 3s. 6d.
+
+C. SALLUSTI CRISPI de BELLO JUGURTHINO LIBER. With ENGLISH NOTES, from the
+German of RUDOLPH JACOBS and others, by the REV. HENRY BROWNE, M.A., Canon
+of Chichester. (Forming a New Volume of ARNOLD'S SCHOOL CLASSICS.)
+
+RIVINGTONS. St. Paul's Church Yard, and Waterloo Place.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+GILBERT J. FRENCH,
+
+BOLTON, LANCASHIRE,
+
+RESPECTFULLY informs the Clergy, Architects, and Churchwardens, that he
+replies immediately to all applications by letter, for information
+respecting his Manufactures in CHURCH FURNITURE, ROBES, COMMUNION LINEN,
+&c., &c., supplying full information as to Prices, together with Sketches,
+Estimates, Patterns of Materials, &c., &c.
+
+Having declined appointing Agents, MR. FRENCH invites direct communications
+by Post, as the most economical and satisfactory arrangement. PARCELS
+delivered Free by Railway.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+BENNETT'S MODEL WATCH, as shown at the GREAT EXHIBITION. No. 1. Class X.,
+in Gold and Silver Cases, in five qualities, and adapted to all Climates,
+may now be had at the MANUFACTORY, 65. CHEAPSIDE. Superior Gold London-made
+Patent Levers, 17, 15, and 12 guineas. Ditto, in Silver Cases, 8, 6, and 4
+guineas. First-rate Geneva Levers, in Gold Cases, 12, 10, and 8 guineas.
+Ditto, in Silver Cases, 8, 6, and 5 guineas. Superior Lever, with
+Chronometer Balance, Gold 27, 23, and 19 guineas. Bennett's Pocket
+Chronometer, Gold, 50 guineas; Silver, 40 guineas. Every Watch skilfully
+examined, timed, and its performance guaranteed. Barometers, 2l., 3l., and
+4l. Thermometers from 1s. each.
+
+BENNETT, Watch, Clock, and Instrument Maker to the Royal Observatory, the
+Board of Ordnance, the Admiralty, and the Queen.
+
+65. CHEAPSIDE.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Printed by THOMAS CLARK SHAW, of No. 10. Stonefield Street, in the Parish
+of St. Mary, Islington, at No. 5. New Street Square, in the Parish of St.
+Bride, in the City of London; and published by GEORGE BELL, of No. 186.
+Fleet Street, in the Parish of St. Dunstan in the West, in the City of
+London, Publisher, at No. 186. Fleet Street aforesaid.--Saturday, June 11.
+1853.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Corrections made to printed original.
+
+p. 569 "With Ovyddes penner ye are gretly in favor," - "ooyddes" in
+original, corrected by subsequent Erratum note
+
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes and Queries, Number 189, June
+11, 1853, by Various
+
+*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES ***
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+<html>
+  <head>
+    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" >
+    <title>
+      Notes And Queries, Issue 189.
+    </title>
+
+    <style type="text/css">
+
+<!--
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+   td.vertb               {border-left : thin solid black; border-right : thin solid black; padding-left: 0.5em; padding-right: 0.5em; }
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+<pre>
+
+Project Gutenberg's Notes and Queries, Number 189, June 11, 1853, by Various
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: Notes and Queries, Number 189, June 11, 1853
+       A Medium of Inter-communication for Literary Men, Artists,
+              Antiquaries, Genealogists, etc.
+
+Author: Various
+
+Editor: George Bell
+
+Release Date: January 15, 2007 [EBook #20364]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram, Keith Edkins
+and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at
+http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images
+generously made available by The Internet Library of Early
+Journals.)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+</pre>
+
+<table border="0" cellpadding="10" style="background-color: #ccccff;">
+<tr>
+<td style="width:25%; vertical-align:top">
+Transcriber's note:
+</td>
+<td>
+A few typographical errors have been corrected. They
+appear in the text <span class="correction" title="explanation will pop up">like this</span>, and the
+explanation will appear when the mouse pointer is moved over the marked
+passage. Sections in Greek will yield a transliteration when the pointer is moved over them,
+and words marked <span class="special" title="explanation will pop up">like this</span>
+have comments on the original typography.
+</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><!-- Page 565 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page565"></a>{565}</span></p>
+
+<h1>NOTES AND QUERIES:</h1>
+
+<h2>A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES,
+GENEALOGISTS, ETC.</h2>
+
+<hr class="short" >
+
+<h3><b>"When found, make a note of."</b>&mdash;CAPTAIN CUTTLE.</h3>
+
+<hr class="full" >
+
+
+<table width="100%" class="nomar" summary="masthead" title="masthead">
+  <tr>
+    <td style="text-align:left; width:25%">
+      <p><b>No. 189.</b></p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:center; width:50%">
+      <p><b><span class="sc">Saturday, June</span> 11, 1853.</b></p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:right; width:25%">
+      <p><b>Price Fourpence.<br /> Stamped Edition
+      5d.</b></p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+</table>
+
+<hr class="full" >
+
+<h3>CONTENTS.</h3>
+
+
+<table class="nomar" summary="Contents" title="Contents">
+  <tr>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p><span class="sc">Notes</span>:&mdash;</p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p>Page</p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p>Tom Moore's First!</p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p><a href="#page565">565</a></p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p>Notes on several Misunderstood Words, by the Rev.    W. R.
+      Arrowsmith</p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p><a href="#page566">566</a></p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p>Verney Papers: the Capuchin Friars, &amp;c., by Thompson
+      Cooper</p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p><a href="#page568">568</a></p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p>Early Satirical Poem</p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p><a href="#page568">568</a></p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p>The Letters of Atticus, by William Cramp</p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p><a href="#page569">569</a></p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p><span class="sc">Minor Notes</span>:&mdash;Irish Bishops as
+      English Suffragans&mdash;Pope and Buchanan&mdash;Scarce MSS. in the
+      British    Museum&mdash;The Royal Garden at Holyrood Palace&mdash;The
+      Old Ship "Royal Escape"</p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p><a href="#page569">569</a></p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p><span class="sc">Queries</span>:&mdash;</p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p>"The Light of Brittaine"</p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p><a href="#page570">570</a></p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p><span class="sc">Minor Queries</span>:&mdash;Thirteen an unlucky
+      Number&mdash;Quotations&mdash;"Other-some" and "Unneath"&mdash;Newx,
+        &amp;c.&mdash;"A Joabi Alloquio"&mdash;Illuminations&mdash;Heraldic Queries&mdash;John's Spoils from Peterborough    and Crowland&mdash;"Elementa sex." &amp;c.&mdash;Jack and Gill:    Sir Hubbard de Hoy&mdash;Humphrey Hawarden&mdash;"Populus    vult decipi"&mdash;Sheriffs of Huntingdonshire and    Cambridgeshire&mdash;Harris</p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p><a href="#page571">571</a></p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p><span class="sc">Replies</span>:&mdash;</p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p>Bishop Butler, by J. H. Markland, &amp;c.</p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p><a href="#page572">572</a></p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p>Mitigation of Capital Punishment to Forgers</p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p><a href="#page573">573</a></p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p>Mythe <i>versus</i> Myth, by Charles Thiriold</p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p><a href="#page575">575</a></p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p>"Inquiry into the State of the Union, by the Wednesday    Club in
+      Friday Street," by James Crossley</p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p><a href="#page576">576</a></p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p>Unpublished Epigram by Sir Walter Scott, by William    Williams,
+      &amp;c.</p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p><a href="#page576">576</a></p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p>Church Catechism</p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p><a href="#page577">577</a></p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p>Jacob Bobart, &amp;c., by Dr. E. F. Rimbault</p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p><a href="#page578">578</a></p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p>"Its," by W. B. Rye</p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p><a href="#page578">578</a></p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p>Bohn's Edition of Hoveden, by Henry T. Riley</p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p><a href="#page579">579</a></p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p>Books of Emblems, by J. B. Yates, &amp;c.</p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p><a href="#page579">579</a></p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p><span class="sc">Photographic Correspondence</span>:&mdash;Mr.
+      Pollock's Directions    for obtaining Positive Photographs upon
+      albumenised Paper&mdash;Test for Lenses&mdash;Washing Collodion
+      Pictures</p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p><a href="#page581">581</a></p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p><span class="sc">Replies To Minor
+      Queries</span>:&mdash;Cremonas&mdash;James Chaloner&mdash;Irish
+      Convocation&mdash;St. Paul's Epistle to Seneca&mdash;Captain
+      	Ayloff&mdash;Plan of London&mdash;Syriac Scriptures&mdash;Meaning
+      	of "Worth"&mdash;Khond Fable&mdash;Collar of SS.&mdash;Chaucer's
+      Knowledge of Italian&mdash;Pic Nic&mdash;Canker    or Brier
+      Rose&mdash;Door-head Inscriptions&mdash;"Time and
+      I"&mdash;Lowbell&mdash;Overseers of Wills&mdash;Detached Belfry
+      Towers&mdash;Vincent Family, &amp;c.</p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p><a href="#page582">582</a></p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p><span class="sc">Miscellaneous</span>:&mdash;</p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p>Books and Odd Volumes wanted</p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p><a href="#page586">586</a></p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p>Notices to Correspondents</p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p><a href="#page586">586</a></p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p>Advertisements</p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p><a href="#page587">587</a></p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+</table>
+
+<hr class="full" >
+
+<h2>Notes.</h2>
+
+<h3>TOM MOORE'S FIRST!</h3>
+
+  <p>It is now generally understood that the first poetic effusion of
+  Thomas Moore was entrusted to a publication entitled <i>Anthologia
+  Hibernica</i>, which held its monthly existence from Jan. 1793 to
+  December 1794, and is now a repertorium of the spirited efforts made in
+  Ireland in that day to establish periodical literature. The set is
+  complete in four volumes: and being anxious to see if I could trace the
+  "fine Roman" hand of him whom his noble poetic satirist, and after fast
+  friend, Byron, styled the "young Catullus of his day," I went to the
+  volumes, and give you the result.</p>
+
+  <p>No trace of Moore appears in the volume containing the first six
+  months of the publication; but in the "List of Subscribers" in the
+  second, we see "<i>Master</i> Thomas Moore;" and as we find this
+  designation changed in the fourth volume to "<i>Mr.</i> Thomas Moore,
+  Trinity College, Dublin!" (a boy with a black ribband in his collar,
+  being as a collegian an "<i>ex officio</i> man!"), we may take it for
+  ascertained that we have arrived at the well-spring of those effusions
+  which have since flowed in such sparkling volumes among the poetry of the
+  day.</p>
+
+  <p>Moore's first contribution is easily identified; for it is prefaced by
+  a note, dated "Aungier Street, Sept. 11, 1793," which contains the usual
+  request of insertion for "<i>the attempts of a youthful muse</i>,"
+  &amp;c., and is signed in the semi-incognito style, "Th-m-s M&mdash;re;"
+  the writer fearing, doubtless, lest his fond mamma should fail to
+  recognise in <i>his own copy</i> of the periodical the performance of her
+  little precocious Apollo.</p>
+
+  <p>This contribution consists of two pieces, of which we have room but
+  for the first: which is a striking exemplification (in subject at least)
+  of Wordsworth's aphorism, that "the child is father to the man." It is a
+  sonnet addressed to "Zelia," "<i>On her charging the author with writing
+  too much on Love!</i>" Who <i>Zelia</i> was&mdash;whether a lineal
+  ancestress of Dickens's "Mrs. Harris," or some actual grown up young
+  lady, who was teased by, and tried to check the chirpings of the little
+  <!-- Page 566 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page566"></a>{566}</span>
+  precocious singing bird&mdash;does not appear: but we suspect the former,
+  for this sonnet is immediately followed by "A Pastoral Ballad!" calling
+  upon some <i>Celia</i> unknown to "pity his tears and complaint,"
+  &amp;c., in the usual namby-pamby style of these compositions. To any one
+  who considers the smart, <i>espiègle</i>, highly artificial style of "Tom
+  Moore's" after compositions, his "Pastoral Ballad" will be what Coleridge
+  called his Vision, a "psychological curiosity."</p>
+
+  <p>Passing on through the volumes, in the Number for February 1794 we
+  find a paraphrase of the Fifth Ode of Anacreon, by "Thomas Moore;"
+  another short poem in June 1794, "To the Memory of Francis Perry, Esq.,"
+  signed "T.&nbsp;M.," and dated "Aungier Street." These are all which can be
+  identified by outward and visible signs, without danger of mistake: but
+  there are a number of others scattered through the volumes which I
+  conjecture may be his; they are under different signatures, generally
+  T.&nbsp;L., which may be taken to stand for the <i>alias</i> "Thomas Little,"
+  by which Moore afterwards made himself so well known. There is an "Ode to
+  Morning," in the Number for March 1794, above the ordinary run of
+  magazine poetry. And in the Number for May following are "Imitations from
+  the Greek" and Italian, all under this same signature. And this last
+  being derived from some words in Petrarch's will, bequeathing his lute to
+  a friend, is the more curious; and may the more probably be supposed
+  Moore's, as it contains a thought which is not unlikely to have suggested
+  in after years the idea of his celebrated melody, entitled the "Bard's
+  Legacy." The Number for Nov. 1794, last but one in the fourth volume,
+  contains a little piece on "Variety," which independent of a T.&nbsp;M.
+  signature, I would <i>almost swear</i>, from internal evidence, to be
+  Moore's; it is the last in the series, and indicates such progress as two
+  years might be supposed to give the youthful poet, from the
+  lack-a-daisical style of his first attempts, towards that light,
+  brilliant, sportive vein of humour in which he afterwards wrote "What the
+  Bee is to the Flowret," &amp;c., and other similar compositions. I now
+  give Moore's first sonnet, including its footnote, reminding us of the
+  child's usual explanatory addition to his first drawing of some amorphous
+  animal&mdash;"This is a horse!" or "a bear!" as the case may be. Neither
+  the <i>metre</i> nor the <i>matter</i> would prepare us for the height to
+  which the writer afterwards scaled "the mountain's height of
+  Parnassus:"</p>
+
+  <div class="poem">
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p class="i8">"<span class="sc">To Zelia</span>.</p>
+    </div>
+
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p>(<i>On her charging the Author with writing too much on Love.</i>)</p>
+    </div>
+
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p class="hg1">'Tis true my Muse to love inclines,</p>
+      <p>And wreaths of Cypria's myrtle twines;</p>
+      <p>Quits all aspiring, lofty views,</p>
+      <p>And chaunts what Nature's gifts infuse:</p>
+      <p>Timid to try the mountain's* height,</p>
+      <p>Beneath she strays, retir'd from sight,</p>
+      <p>Careless, culling amorous flowers;</p>
+      <p>Or quaffing mirth in Bacchus' bowers.</p>
+      <p>When first she raised her simplest lays</p>
+      <p>In Cupid's never-ceasing praise,</p>
+      <p class="i1">The God a faithful promise gave&mdash;</p>
+      <p>That never should she feel Love's stings,</p>
+      <p class="i1">Never to burning passion be a slave,</p>
+      <p>But feel the purer joy <i>thy</i> friendship brings.</p>
+    </div>
+
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p class="i4">* Parnassus!"</p>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+  <p>If you think this fruit of a research into a now almost forgotten
+  work, which however contains many matters of interest (among the rest,
+  "The Baviad of Gifford"), worth insertion, please put it among "N. &amp;
+  Q.;" it may incite others to look more closely, and perhaps trace other
+  "disjecta membra poetæ."</p>
+
+  <p class="author">A. B. R.
+
+  <p class="address">Belmont.
+
+<hr class="full" >
+
+<h3>NOTES ON SEVERAL MISUNDERSTOOD WORDS.</h3>
+
+<p class="cenhead">(<i>Continued from</i> p. 544.)</p>
+
+  <p>Let no one say that a tithe of these instances would have sufficed.
+  Whoever thinks so, little understands the vitality of error. Most things
+  die when the brains are out: error has no brains, though it has more
+  heads than the hydra. Who could have believed it possible that after
+  Steevens's heaped-up proofs in support of the authentic reading,
+  "<i>carded</i> his state" (<i>King Henry IV.</i>, Act III. Scene 2.),
+  Warburton's corruption, <i>'scarded</i>, i.&nbsp;e. <i>discarded</i>, was
+  again to be foisted into the text on the authority of some nameless and
+  apocryphal commentator? Let me be pardoned if I prefer Shakspeare's
+  genuine text, backed by the masterly illustrations of his ablest
+  glossarist, before the wishy-washy adulterations of Nobody: and as a
+  small contribution to his abundant avouchment of the original reading,
+  the underwritten passage may be flung in, by way of make-weight:</p>
+
+  <div class="poem">
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p class="i4">"<i>Carded</i> his state (says King Henry),</p>
+      <p><i>Mingled</i> his royaltie with carping fooles."</p>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+<blockquote class="b1">
+
+  <p>"Since which it hath been and is his daily practice, either to broach
+  doctrinas novas et peregrinas, new imaginations never heard of before, or
+  to revive the old and new dress them. And these&mdash;for that by
+  themselves they will not utter&mdash;<i>to mingle and to card</i> with
+  the Apostles' doctrine, &amp;c., that at the least yet he may so vent
+  them."&mdash;One of the Sermons upon the Second Commandment, preached in
+  the Parish Church of St. Giles, Cripplegate, on the Ninth of January,
+  <span class="sc">a.d. mdxcii</span>.: Andrewes' Sermons, vol. v. p. 55.
+  <i>Lib. Ang.-Cath. Theol.</i></p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+<hr class="short" >
+
+  <p><i>Trash</i>, to shred or lop.&mdash;So said Steevens, alleging that
+  he had met with it in books containing directions for gardeners,
+  published in the time of <!-- Page 567 --><span class="pagenum"><a
+  name="page567"></a>{567}</span> Queen Elizabeth. I fear his memory
+  deceived him, or why should a man of his sound learning afterwards
+  incline to vail bonnet to the dogmatist Warburton? whose knowledge of
+  dogs, by the way, must have been marvellously small, or he could never
+  have imagined them to overtop one another in a horizontal course.
+  <i>Overrun</i>, <i>overshoot</i>, <i>overslip</i>, are terms in hunting,
+  <i>overtop</i> never; except perchance in the vocabulary of the wild
+  huntsman of the Alps. <i>Trash</i> occurs as a verb in the sense above
+  given, Act I. Sc. 2. of the <i>Tempest</i>: "Who t'aduance, and who to
+  <i>trash</i> for over-topping." I have never met with the <i>verb</i> in
+  that sense elsewhere, but overtop is evermore the appropriate term in
+  arboriculture. To quote examples of that is needless. Of it
+  metaphorically applied, just as in Shakspeare, take the following
+  example:</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1">
+
+  <p>"Of those three estates, which swayeth most, that in a manner doth
+  overtop the rest, and like a foregrown member depriveth the other of
+  their proportion of growth."&mdash;Andrewes' Sermons, vol. v. p. 177.,
+  <i>Lib. Ang.-Cath. Theol.</i></p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p>Have we not the substantive <i>trash</i> in the sense of shreddings,
+  at p. 542. book iii. of a <i>Discourse of Forest Trees</i>, by John
+  Evelyn? The extract that contains the word is this:</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1">
+
+  <p>"Faggots to be every stick of three feet in length, excepting only one
+  stick of one foot long, to harden and wedge the binding of it; this to
+  prevent the abuse, too much practised, of filling the middle part and
+  ends with <i>trash</i> and short sticks, which had been omitted in the
+  former statute."</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p>Possibly some of the statutes referred to by Evelyn may contain
+  examples of the verb. In the meantime it will not be impertinent to
+  remark, that what appears to be nothing more than a dialectic variety of
+  the word, namely <i>trouse</i>, is of every-day use in this county of
+  Hereford for trimmings of hedges; that it is given by Grose as a verb in
+  use in Warwickshire for trimming off the superfluous branches; and
+  lastly, that it is employed as a substantive to signify shreddings by
+  Philemon Holland, who, if I rightly remember, was many years head master
+  of Coventry Grammar School:</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1">
+
+  <p>"Prouided alwaies, that they be paued beneath with stone; and for want
+  thereof, laid with green willow bastons, and for default of them, with
+  vine cuttings, or such <i>trousse</i>, so that they lie halfe a foot
+  thicke."&mdash;The Seuenteenth Booke of Plinie's <i>Naturall History</i>,
+  chap. xi. p. 513.: London, 1634.</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p><i>Trash</i> no one denies to be a kennel term for hampering a dog,
+  but it does not presently follow that the word bore no other
+  signification; indeed, there is no more fruitful mother of confusion than
+  homonomy.</p>
+
+<hr class="short" >
+
+  <p><i>Clamor</i>, to curb, restrain (the tongue):</p>
+
+  <div class="poem">
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p class="hg3">"<i>Clamor</i> your tongues, and not a word more."</p>
+      <p class="i6"><i>The Winter's Tale</i>, Act IV. Sc. 4.</p>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+  <p>Most judiciously does <span class="sc">Nares</span> reject Gifford's
+  corruption of this word into <i>charm</i>, nor will the suffrage of the
+  "clever" old commentator one jot contribute to dispel their diffidence of
+  this change, whom the severe discipline of many years' study, and the
+  daily access of accumulating knowledge, have schooled into a wholesome
+  sense of their extreme fallibility in such matters. Without adding any
+  comment, I now quote, for the inspection of learned and unlearned, the
+  two ensuing extracts:</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1">
+
+  <p>"For Critias manaced and thretened hym, that onelesse he
+  <i>chaumbreed</i> his tongue in season, ther should ere l&#x14D;g bee one
+  oxe the fewer for hym."&mdash;<i>Apoptheymis of Erasmus</i>, translated
+  by Nicolas Vdall, <span class="sc">mcccccxlii</span>, the First Booke, p.
+  10.</p>
+
+  <p>"From no sorte of menne in the worlde did he refrein or
+  <i>chaumbre</i> the tauntying of his tongue."&mdash;<i>Id.</i>, p.
+  76.</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p>After so many Notes, one Query. In the second folio edition of
+  Shakspeare (my first folio wants the whole play), I find in
+  <i>Cymbeline</i>, Act V. Sc. 3., the next beautiful passage:</p>
+
+  <div class="poem">
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p class="hg3">"<i>Post.</i> Still going? This is a lord: Oh noble misery</p>
+      <p>To be ith' field, and aske what newes of me:</p>
+      <p>To-day how many would have given their honors</p>
+      <p>To have sav'd their carkasses? Tooke heele to doo't,</p>
+      <p>And yet dyed too. I in mine owne woe charm'd,</p>
+      <p>Could not find death, where I did heare him groane,</p>
+      <p>Nor feele him where he strooke. Being an ugly monster,</p>
+      <p class="hg1">'Tis strange he hides him in fresh cups, soft beds,</p>
+      <p>Sweet words; or hath moe ministers then we</p>
+      <p>That draw his knives ith' war. Well I will finde him:</p>
+      <p>For being now a favourer to the Britaine,</p>
+      <p>No more a Britaine, I have resum'd againe</p>
+      <p>The part I came in."</p>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+  <p>In the antepenultimate line, Britaine was more than a century ago
+  changed by Hanmer into Roman, therefore retained by Warburton, again
+  rejected by Steevens and Johnson, once more replaced by Knight and
+  Collier, with one of his usual happy notes by the former of the two,
+  without comment by the latter, finally left unnoticed by Dyce. My Query
+  then is this. What amount of obtuseness will disqualify a criticaster who
+  itches to be tinkering and cobbling the noblest passages of thought that
+  ever issued from mortal brain, while at the same time he stumbles and
+  bungles in sentences of that simplicity and grammatical clearness, as not
+  to tax the powers of a third-form schoolboy to explain?<a
+  name="footnotetag1" href="#footnote1"><sup>[1]</sup></a> If editors,
+  commentators, <!-- Page 568 --><span class="pagenum"><a
+  name="page568"></a>{568}</span> critics, and all the countless throng who
+  are ambitious to daub with their un-tempered mortar, or scribble their
+  names upon the most majestic edifice of genius that the world ever saw,
+  lack the little discernment necessary to interpret aright the above
+  extract from <i>Cymbeline</i>, for the last hundred years racked and
+  tortured in vain, let them at length learn henceforth to distrust their
+  judgment altogether.</p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">W. R. Arrowsmith.</span>
+
+  <p>P.S.&mdash;In article of No. 180. p. 353., a rather important misprint
+  occurs, viz. date of 4to. <i>King Richard II.</i> with unusual
+  title-page, which should be 1608, not 1605. Other little errors the
+  reader may silently amend for himself.</p>
+
+<div class="note">
+  <a name="footnote1"></a><b>Footnote 1:</b><a
+  href="#footnotetag1">(return)</a>
+  <p>In a passage from L.&nbsp;L.&nbsp;L., lately winnowed in the pages of "N. &amp;
+  Q.," divers attempts at elucidation (whereof not one, in my judgment, was
+  successful) having been made, it was gravely, almost magisterially
+  proposed by one of the disputants, to corrupt the concluding lines (<span
+  class="sc">Mr. Collier</span> having already once before corrupted the
+  preceding ones by substituting a plural for a singular verb, in which lay
+  the true key to the right construction) by altering "their" the pronoun
+  into "there" the adverb, because (shade of Murray!) the commentator could
+  not discover of what noun "their" could possibly be the pronoun in these
+  lines following:</p>
+
+  <div class="poem">
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p class="hg3">"When great things labouring perish in their birth,</p>
+      <p>Their form confounded makes most form in mirth."</p>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+  <p>And it was left to <span class="sc">Mr. Keightley</span> to bless the
+  world with the information that it was "things."</p>
+
+</div>
+<hr class="full" >
+
+<h3>VERNEY PAPERS&mdash;THE CAPUCHIN FRIARS, ETC.</h3>
+
+  <p>In the appendix to <i>Notes of Proceedings in the Long Parliament</i>,
+  by Sir Ralph Verney, edited by Mr. Bruce for the Camden Society in 1845,
+  are "Notes written in a Cipher," which Mr. Bruce gives in the hope that
+  the ingenuity of some reader will discover their meaning. I venture thus
+  to decypher the same:</p>
+
+  <div class="poem">
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p class="hg3">"The Capuchin's house to be dissolued.</p>
+      <p>No extracts of letters to be aloued in this house.</p>
+      <p>The prince is now come to Greenhich three lette.</p>
+      <p>Three greate ships staied in France.</p>
+      <p>Gersea a letter from Lord S<sup>t</sup> Albones.</p>
+      <p>£11 per diem Hull.</p>
+      <p>The king's answert to our petition about the militia.</p>
+      <p>If a king offer to kil himselfe, wee must not only advise but wrest the weapon from.</p>
+      <p>A similitude of a depilat.</p>
+      <p>Consciences corrupted."</p>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+  <p>I ought to state that in one or two instances the wrong cypher has
+  evidently been used by mistake, and this has of course increased the
+  difficulty of decyphering the notes.</p>
+
+  <p>With reference to the note "The Capuchins' House to be dissolued," may
+  I be allowed to refer to the following votes in the House of Commons, of
+  the date 26th February, 1641-2:</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1">
+
+  <p>"Ordered, That Mr. Peard, Mr. Whistler, Mr. Reynolds, Mr. Pideaux, Mr.
+  Selden, Mr. Young, Mr. Hill, do presently withdraw, to peruse the
+  statutes now in force against priests and Jesuits.</p>
+
+  <p>"Ordered, That Mr. Whittacre, Mr. Morley, do presently go to Denmarke
+  House.</p>
+
+  <p>"Resolved, That the Capuchines shall be forthwith apprehended and
+  taken into safe custody by the Serjeant-at-Arms attending on this house;
+  and there kept till this house take farther order."</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p>The Capuchins were under the protection of the Queen Henrietta Maria;
+  Denmark House was the name by which Somerset House was at the period
+  known.</p>
+
+  <p>Under date 2nd March, 1641-2, are the following entries in the
+  Commons' Journal:</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1">
+
+  <p>"Mr. Holles brings this answer from the French Ambassador, That the
+  Capuchins being sent hither by Articles of Treaty between the Two Crowns,
+  he durst not of himself send them without Order from the King his Master,
+  or the King and Queen here: And said farther, That the Queen had left an
+  express Command for their stay here; and that he would be ever ready to
+  do any good Office for this House, and to keep a good Correspondency
+  between the Two Crowns; and if this House pleased, he would undertake to
+  keep them safe Prisoners at Somersett House; and that the chapel there
+  shall have the doors locked, and no Mass be said there.</p>
+
+  <p>"Ordered, That Mr. Hollis do acquaint the French Ambassador, that this
+  House doth accept of his Offer in securing the Persons of the Capuchins,
+  till this House take farther Order: and that the Doors be locked, and
+  made fast, at the Chapel at Somersett House; and that no Mass be said
+  there.</p>
+
+  <p>"Ordered, That the Lord Cramborne and Mr. Hollis shall acquaint the
+  French Ambassador with the desires of this House, that the Capuchins be
+  forthwith sent away; and to know if he will undertake to send them away;
+  and, if he will, that then they be forthwith delivered unto him.</p>
+
+  <p>"That Mr. Hollis do go up to the Lords, to acquaint them with the
+  Resolutions of this House, concerning the Capuchins, and desire their
+  Lordships' concurrence therein."</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p>Some particulars of the proceedings of the parliament against the
+  Capuchins may be found in "Memoirs of the Mission in England of the
+  Capuchin Friars of the Province of Paris by Father Cyprian Gamache," in
+  <i>The Court and Times of Charles I.</i>, vol. ii. pp. 344. 354.</p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">Thompson Cooper.</span>
+
+  <p class="address">Cambridge.
+
+<hr class="full" >
+
+<h3>EARLY SATIRICAL POEM.</h3>
+
+  <p>On the turning over the pages of an old printed copy of Durand's
+  <i>Rationale Divinorum Officiorus</i>, edited by Bonetus de locatellis
+  bergomensis, and printed at Lyons in 1506, by Natalis Brabam, for Jaques
+  Huguetan, I found the following copy of verses written on the fly-leaf.
+  They are written in a hand which I am inclined to assign to a date <!--
+  Page 569 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page569"></a>{569}</span> not
+  much later than that of the book. There is no clue to the author. If they
+  are thought worthy of insertion in "N. &amp; Q.," I beg to inquire,
+  through the medium of your columns, whether they are to be found in any
+  collection of early English poems? and whether the author is known?</p>
+
+  <p>The ungallant sentiment of the first three stanzas is obvious. The
+  fourth is not so plain; nor is its connexion with the others evident,
+  though it is written without anything to mark separation; and the word
+  "finis" is placed below it, as if to apply to the whole. I should be
+  obliged if some one of your readers would give some explanation of
+  it.</p>
+
+  <p class="author">W. H. G.
+
+  <p class="address">Winchester.
+
+  <div class="poem">
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p class="hg3">"Wen [<i>sic</i>] nettylles in wynter bryngythe forthe rosses red,</p>
+      <p>And a thorne bryngythe figges naturally,</p>
+      <p>And grase berrythe appulles in every mede,</p>
+      <p>And lorrel cherrys on his crope so hye,</p>
+      <p>And okkys berrythe datys plentyusly,</p>
+      <p>And kykkys gyvythe hony in superfluans,</p>
+      <p>The put in women yower trust and confydenc.</p>
+    </div>
+
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p class="hg3">"When whythynges walke forrestys hartyse for to chase,</p>
+      <p>And herrings in parkkys the hornnys boldly bloc,</p>
+      <p>And marlyons<a name="footnotetag2" href="#footnote2"><sup>[2]</sup></a> ... hernys in morrys doo unbrace,</p>
+      <p>And gomards shut ryllyons owght of a crose boow,</p>
+      <p>And goslyngs goo a howntyng the wolf to overthrow,</p>
+      <p>And sparlyns bere sperrys and arms for defenc,</p>
+      <p>Then put yn women yower trust and confydenc.</p>
+    </div>
+
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p class="hg3">"When sparrowes byld chorchys and styppyllys of a hyght,</p>
+      <p>And corlewys carry tymber yn howsys for to dyght,</p>
+      <p>Wrennys bere sakkys to the myll,</p>
+      <p>And symgis<a name="footnotetag3" href="#footnote3"><sup>[3]</sup></a> bryng butter to the market to sell,</p>
+      <p>And wodcokkys were wodknyffys the crane for to kyll,</p>
+      <p>And gryffyns to goslynges doo obedienc,</p>
+      <p>Then put in women yower trust and confydenc.</p>
+    </div>
+
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p class="hg3">"O ye imps of Chynner, ye Lydgatys pene,</p>
+      <p>With the spryght of bookkas ye goodly inspyrryd,</p>
+      <p>Ye Ynglyshe poet, excydyng other men,</p>
+      <p>With musyk wyne yower tong yn syrryd,</p>
+      <p>Ye roll in yower rellatyvys as a horse immyrryd,</p>
+      <p>With <span class="correction" title="'ooyddes' in original, corrected by Erratum note">Ovyddes</span> penner ye are gretly in favor,</p>
+      <p>Ye bere boys incorne, God dyld yow for yower labor.</p>
+      <p class="i8">Finis."</p>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+<div class="note">
+  <a name="footnote2"></a><b>Footnote 2:</b><a
+  href="#footnotetag2">(return)</a>
+  <p>Merlin's hawks.</p>
+
+  <a name="footnote3"></a><b>Footnote 3:</b><a
+  href="#footnotetag3">(return)</a>
+  <p>Doubtful; but perhaps for syngies, an old name for the finch.</p>
+
+</div>
+<hr class="full" >
+
+<h3>THE LETTERS OF ATTICUS.</h3>
+
+  <p>The editor of the <i>Grenville Papers</i> has alluded to some "very
+  judicious and pertinent remarks in the 'N. &amp; Q.'" respecting the
+  Letters of Atticus, and as most of your readers will probably agree with
+  him that the authenticity of these letters is "a curious and interesting
+  question, and one that deserves <i>very particular attention</i>," I beg
+  to correct an error into which he and others have fallen, as to the date
+  when Junius ceased to write under the signature Atticus. The Atticus
+  forwarded by Junius to George Grenville on the 19th October, 1768, was,
+  there is every reason to believe, the <i>last</i> from the pen of that
+  writer, who was then preparing to come before the public in a more
+  prominent character. When another correspondent adopted the signature
+  Atticus, Woodfall gave his readers warning by inserting the following
+  notice into the <i>Public Advertiser</i>:</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1">
+
+  <p>"The Address to the Freeholders of the county of Middlesex, signed
+  <i>Atticus</i>, in our next. The Printer thinks it his duty to acquaint
+  his readers that this letter is not by the same hand as some letters in
+  this paper a little time since, under the signature
+  <i>Atticus</i>."&mdash;<i>Pub. Ad.</i>, March 19, 1769.</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p>The printer took the like course when writers attempted to "impose
+  upon the public" by using the signatures Lucius and C., and then freely
+  inserted their letters; but when the same trick was tried with Junius,
+  the printer did not scruple to alter the signature, or reject the
+  contribution as spurious.</p>
+
+  <p>The genuine Letters of Atticus have had a narrow escape lately of
+  being laughed out of their celebrity by writers in some of our most
+  respectable periodicals. The authenticity of these letters up to the 19th
+  October, 1768, is now fully established. The undecided question of the
+  authorship of Junius requires that every statement should be carefully
+  examined, and (as far as possible) only well-authenticated facts be
+  admitted as evidence in future.</p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">William Cramp</span>.
+
+<hr class="full" >
+
+<h2>Minor Notes.</h2>
+
+  <p><i>Irish Bishops as English Suffragans.</i>&mdash;In compliance with
+  the suggestion of J.&nbsp;M.&nbsp;D. in your last volume, p. 385., I abridge from
+  <i>The Record</i> of March 17th the following particulars:</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1">
+
+  <p>"At a recent meeting of the Archæolgical Society the Rev. W. Gunner
+  stated that from a research among the archives of the bishops and of the
+  college of Winchester, he had found that many Irish bishops, during the
+  fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, were merely titular bishops, bearing
+  the titles of sees in Ireland, while they acted as suffragans to bishops
+  in England. A Bishop of Achonry, for instance, appeared to have been
+  frequently deputed by William of Wykeham to consecrate churches, and to
+  perform other episcopal duties, in his diocese; and the Bishops of
+  Achonry seemed frequently to have been suffragans of those of Winchester.
+  No see exhibits more instances of this expatriation than Dromore, lying
+  as it did in an unsettled and tumultuous country. Richard Messing, who
+  succeeded to Dromore bishopric in 1408, was suffragan to the Archbishop
+  of York; and so died at <!-- Page 570 --><span class="pagenum"><a
+  name="page570"></a>{570}</span> York within a year after his appointment.
+  His successor John became a suffragan to the Archbishop of Canterbury,
+  and died such in 1420. Thomas Scrope, a divine from Leicestershire, was
+  appointed by the Pope to this see in 1430: he could not live in peace
+  with the Irish, and therefore became vicar-general to the Bishop of
+  Norwich. Thomas Radcliffe, his successor, never lived in Ireland: 'the
+  profits of his see did not extend to 30<i>l.</i> sterling, and for its
+  extreme poverty it is void and desolate, and almost extincted, in so much
+  as none will own the same, or abide therein.' Dr. Radcliffe was therefore
+  obliged to become a suffragan to the Bishop of Durham. William, who
+  followed him in the Dromore succession in 1500, lived in York, and was
+  suffragan to its archbishop; and it would seem his successors were also
+  suffragans in England, until the plantation of Ulster improved the
+  circumstances of that province."</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">An Oxford B. C. L.</span>
+
+  <p><i>Pope and Buchanan.</i>&mdash;I beg to suggest as a Query, whether
+  Pope did not borrow the opening of his <i>Essay on Man</i> from that of
+  the second book of Buchanan's Latin poem <i>De Sphærâ</i>. Let us compare
+  them.</p>
+
+  <p>Buchanan:</p>
+
+  <div class="poem">
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p class="hg3">"Jam mihi Timoleon, animo majora capaci</p>
+      <p>Concipe; nec terras semper mirare jacentes;</p>
+      <p>Excute degeneres circum mortalia curas,</p>
+      <p>Et mecum ingentes c&oelig;li spatiare per auras."</p>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+  <p>Pope:</p>
+
+  <div class="poem">
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p class="hg3">"Awake, my St. John, leave all meaner things</p>
+      <p>To low ambition and the pride of kings;</p>
+      <p>Let us, since life can little more supply</p>
+      <p>Than just to look about us and to die,</p>
+      <p>Expatiate free o'er all this scene of man."</p>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+  <p>I do not remember the comparison to have been made before.</p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">Wm. Ewart</span>.
+
+  <p class="address">University Club.
+
+  <p><i>Scarce MSS. in the British Museum.</i>&mdash;In Cotton MSS., Titus,
+  B 1., will be found a curious and valuable collection of papers entitled
+  "Cromwell's Remembrances." These comprise:</p>
+
+  <p>1. A period from about the death of Anne Boleyn to his attainder.</p>
+
+  <p>2. They are very miscellaneous, consisting of memoranda of subjects
+  for conference with the king. Notices of persons to be remembered for
+  offices. Sale of lands. Diplomacy, and various other particulars. Notes
+  relative to the dissolution of monasteries; their riches, revenues, and
+  pensions to abbots, &amp;c. The reception of Anne Cleves, and the
+  alteration of the royal household thereupon. Privy council and
+  parliamentary notes. Foreign alliances. Scotch and Irish affairs,
+  consequent on the dissolution of abbeys, &amp;c.</p>
+
+  <p>These curious materials for history are in the rough and confused
+  state in which they were left by their author, and, to render them
+  available, would require an index to the whole.</p>
+
+  <p>The "Remembrances" are in some degree illustrated by Harl. MS. 604.,
+  which is a very curious volume of monastic affairs at the dissolution.
+  Also by 605, 606, and 607. The last two belong to the reign of Philip and
+  Mary, and contain an official account of the lands sold by them belonging
+  to the crown in the third and fourth years of their reign.</p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">E. G. Ballard</span>.
+
+  <p><i>The Royal Garden at Holyrood Palace.</i>&mdash;I cannot help
+  noticing a disgraceful fact, which has only lately come to my knowledge.
+  There is, adjoining the Palace of Holyrood, an ancient garden of the old
+  kings of Scotland: in it is a curious sundial, with Queen Mary's name on
+  it. There is a pear-tree planted by her hands, and there are many other
+  deeply interesting traces of the royal race, who little dreamed how their
+  old stately places were to be profaned, after they themselves were laid
+  in the dust. The garden of the Royal Stuarts is now <i>let</i> to a
+  market gardener! Are there no true-hearted Scotchmen left, who will
+  redeem it from such desecration?</p>
+
+  <p class="author">L. M. M. R.
+
+  <p><i>The Old Ship "Royal Escape."</i>&mdash;The following extract from
+  the <i>Norwich Mercury</i> of Aug. 21, 1819, under the head of "Yarmouth
+  News," will probably be gratifying to your querist <span
+  class="sc">Anon</span>, Vol. vii., p. 380.:</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1">
+
+  <p>"On the 13th inst. put into this port (Yarmouth), having been grounded
+  on the Barnard Sand, <i>The Royal Escape</i>, government hoy, with horses
+  for his royal highness at Hanover. This vessel is the same that King
+  Charles II. made his escape in from Brighthelmstone."</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">Joseph Davey</span>.
+
+<hr class="full" >
+
+<h2>Queries.</h2>
+
+<h3>"THE LIGHT OF BRITTAINE."</h3>
+
+  <p>I should be glad, through the medium of "N. &amp; Q.," to be favoured
+  with some particulars regarding this work, and its author, Maister Henry
+  Lyte, of Lytescarie, Esq. He presented the said work with his own hand to
+  "our late soveraigne queene and matchlesse mistresse, on the day when
+  shee came, in royall manner, to Paule's Church." I shall also be glad of
+  any information about his son, Maister Thomas Lyte, of Lytescarie, Esq.,
+  "a true immitator and heyre to his father's vertues," and who</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1">
+
+  <p>"Presented to the Majestie of King James, (with) an excellent mappe or
+  genealogicall table (contayning the bredth and circumference of twenty
+  large sheets of paper), which he entitleth <i>Brittaines Monarchy</i>,
+  approuing Brute's History, and the whole succession of this our nation,
+  from the very original, with the just observation of al times, changes,
+  and occasions therein happening. This worthy worke, having cost above
+  <!-- Page 571 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page571"></a>{571}</span>
+  seaven yeares labour, beside great charges and expense, his highnesse
+  hath made very gracious acceptance of, and to witnesse the same, in court
+  it hangeth in an especiall place of eminence. Pitty it is, that this
+  ph&oelig;nix (as yet) affordeth not a fellowe, or that from privacie it
+  might not bee made more generall; but, as his Majestie has granted him
+  priviledge, so, that the world might be woorthie to enjoy it, whereto, if
+  friendship may prevaile, as he hath been already, so shall he be still as
+  earnestly sollicited."</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p>These two works appear to have been written towards the close of the
+  sixteenth century. Is anything more known of them, and their respective
+  authors?</p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">Traja-Nova.</span>
+
+<hr class="full" >
+
+<h2>Minor Queries.</h2>
+
+  <p><i>Thirteen an unlucky Number.</i>&mdash;Is there not at Dantzic a
+  clock, which at 12 admits, through a door, Christ and the Eleven,
+  shutting out Judas, who is admitted at 1?</p>
+
+  <p class="author">A. C.
+
+  <p><i>Quotations.</i>&mdash;</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1">
+
+  <p>"I saw a man, who saw a man, who said he saw the king."</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p>Whence?</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1">
+
+  <p>"Look not mournfully into the past; it comes not back again,"
+  &amp;c.&mdash;Motto of <i>Hyperion</i>.</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p>Whence?</p>
+
+  <p class="author">A. A. D.
+
+  <p><i>"Other-some" and "Unneath."</i>&mdash;I do not recollect having
+  ever seen these expressions, until reading Parnell's <i>Fairy Tale</i>.
+  They occur in the following stanzas:</p>
+
+  <div class="poem">
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p class="hg3">"But now, to please the fairy king,</p>
+      <p>Full every deal they laugh and sing,</p>
+      <p class="i1">And antic feats devise;</p>
+      <p>Some wind and tumble like an ape,</p>
+      <p>And <i>other-some</i> transmute their shape</p>
+      <p class="i1">In Edwin's wondering eyes.</p>
+    </div>
+
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p class="hg3">"Till one at last, that Robin hight,</p>
+      <p>Renown'd for pinching maids by night,</p>
+      <p class="i1">Has bent him up aloof;</p>
+      <p>And full against the beam he flung,</p>
+      <p>Where by the back the youth he hung</p>
+      <p class="i1">To sprawl <i>unneath</i> the roof."</p>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+  <p>As the author professes the poem to be "in the ancient English style,"
+  are these words veritable ancient English? If so, some correspondent of
+  "N. &amp; Q." may perhaps be able to give instances of their
+  recurrence.</p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">Robert Wright.</span>
+
+  <p><i>Newx, &amp;c.</i>&mdash;Can any of your readers give me the <i>unde
+  derivatur</i> of the word <i>newx</i>, or <i>noux</i>, or <i>knoux</i>?
+  It is a very old word, used for the last hundred years, as <i>fag</i> is
+  at our public schools, for a young cadet at the Royal Military Academy,
+  Woolwich. When I was there, some twenty-five or twenty-seven years ago,
+  the <i>noux</i> was the youngest cadet of the four who slept in one room:
+  and a precious life of it he led. But this, I hope, is altered now. I
+  have often wanted to find out from whence this term is derived, and I
+  suppose that your paper will find some among your numerous correspondents
+  who will be able to enlighten me.</p>
+
+  <p class="author">T. W. N.
+
+  <p class="address">Malta.
+
+  <p><i>"A Joabi Alloquio."</i>&mdash;Who can explain the following, and
+  point out its source? I copy from the work of a Lutheran divine, Conrad
+  Dieteric, <i>Analysis Evangeliorum</i>, 1631, p. 188.:</p>
+
+  <div class="poem">
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p class="hg3">"A Joabi Alloquio,</p>
+      <p>A Thyestis Convivio,</p>
+      <p>Ab Iscariotis 'Ave,'</p>
+      <p>A Diasii 'Salve'</p>
+      <p>Ab Herodis 'Redite'</p>
+      <p>A Gallorum 'Venite.'</p>
+      <p class="i4">Libera nos Domine."</p>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+  <p>The fourth and sixth line I do not understand.</p>
+
+  <p class="author">B. H. C.
+
+  <p><i>Illuminations.</i>&mdash;When were illuminations in cities first
+  introduced? Is there any allusion to them in classic authors?</p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">Cape.</span>
+
+  <p><i>Heraldic Queries.</i>&mdash;Will some correspondent versed in
+  heraldry answer me the following questions?</p>
+
+  <p>1. What is the origin and meaning of women of all ranks, except the
+  sovereign, being now debarred from bearing their arms in shields, and
+  having to bear them in lozenges? Formerly, all ladies of rank bore
+  shields upon their seals, <i>e.g.</i> the seal of Margaret, Countess of
+  Norfolk, who deceased <span class="sc">A.D.</span> 1399; and of Margaret,
+  Countess of Richmond, and mother of Henry VIII., who deceased <span
+  class="sc">A.D.</span> 1509. These shields are figured in the <i>Glossary
+  of Heraldry</i>, pp. 285, 286.</p>
+
+  <p>2. Is it, heraldically speaking, wrong to inscribe the motto upon a
+  circle (not a garter) or ribbon round the shield? So says the
+  <i>Glossary</i>, p. 227. If wrong, on what principle?</p>
+
+  <p>3. Was it ever the custom in this country, as on the Continent to this
+  day, for ecclesiastics to bear their arms in a circular or oval
+  panel?&mdash;the martial form of the shield being considered inconsistent
+  with their spiritual character. If so, when did the custom commence, and
+  where may instances be seen either on monuments or in illustrated
+  works?</p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">Ceyrep.</span>
+
+  <p><i>John's Spoils from Peterborough and Crowland.</i>&mdash;Clement
+  Spelman, in his Preface to the reader, with which he introduces his
+  father's treatise <i>De non temerandis Ecclesiis</i>, says (edit. Oxford,
+  1841, p.45.):</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1">
+
+  <p>"I cannot omit the sacrilege and punishment of King John, who in the
+  seventeenth year of his reign, among other churches, rifled the abbeys of
+  <!-- Page 572 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page572"></a>{572}</span>
+  Peterborough and Croyland, and after attempts to carry his sacrilegious
+  wealth from Lynn to Lincoln; but, passing the Washes, the earth in the
+  midst of the waters opens her mouth (as for Korah and his company), and
+  at once swallows up both carts, carriage, and horses, all his treasure,
+  all his regalities, all his church spoil, and all the church spoilers;
+  not one escapes to bring the king word," &amp;c.</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p>Is the precise spot known where this catastrophe occurred, or have any
+  relics been since recovered to give evidence of the fact?</p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">J. Sansom</span>.
+
+  <p><i>"Elementa sex," &amp;c.</i>&mdash;Perhaps one of your readers,
+  given to such trifles, will hazard a guess at the solution, if not at the
+  author, of the subjoined:</p>
+
+  <div class="poem">
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p class="hg3">"Elementa sex me proferent totam tibi;</p>
+      <p>Totam hanc, lucernis si tepent fungi, vides,</p>
+      <p>Accisa senibus suppetit saltantibus,</p>
+      <p>Levetur, armis adfremunt Horatii;</p>
+      <p>Facienda res est omnibus, si fit minor,</p>
+      <p>Es, quod relinquis deinde, si subtraxeris;</p>
+      <p>Si rite tandem quæritas originem,</p>
+      <p>Ad sibilum, vix ad sonum, reverteris."</p>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">Effigy</span>.
+
+  <p><i>Jack and Gill&mdash;Sir Hubbard de Hoy.</i>&mdash;Having recently
+  amused myself by a dive into old Tusser's <i>Husbandrie</i>, the
+  following passages suggested themselves as fitting <i>Queries</i> for
+  your pages:</p>
+
+  <p><i>Jack and Gill.</i>&mdash;</p>
+
+  <div class="poem">
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p class="hg3">"Let Jack nor Gill</p>
+      <p>Fetch corn at will."</p>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+  <p>Can the "Jack and Gill" of our nursery tales be traced to an earlier
+  date than Tusser's time?</p>
+
+  <p><i>Hobble de Hoy.</i>&mdash;Speaking of the periods of a man's life,
+  Tusser's advice, from the age of fourteen years to twenty-one, is to
+  "Keep under Sir Hubbard de Hoy." Is it known whether there ever existed a
+  personage so named, either as a legend or a myth? And if not, what is the
+  origin of the modern term "Hobble de Hoy" as a designation for a
+  stripling? Bailey omits it in his <i>Dictionary</i>.</p>
+
+  <p class="author">L. A. M.
+
+  <p><i>Humphrey Hawarden.</i>&mdash;Information is solicited respecting
+  this individual, who was a Doctor of Laws, and living in 1494. Also, of a
+  Justice Port, living about the same period.</p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">T. Hughes</span>.
+
+  <p class="address">Chester.
+
+  <p><i>"Populus vult decipi."</i>&mdash;</p>
+
+
+<table class="nob" summary="Populus vult decipi" title="Populus vult decipi">
+  <tr>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p>"Populus</p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:left" colspan="2">
+      <p>}</p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p>{</p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p>Mundus</p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p>}</p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p>vult decipi</p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p>{</p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p>et decipiatur,</p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p>Vulgus</p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:left" colspan="2">
+      <p>}</p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p>{</p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p>decipiatur ergo."</p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+</table>
+
+  <p>Who was the author of the maxim? which is its correct form? and where
+  is it to be found? It seems to present another curious instance of our
+  ignorance of things with which we are familiar. I have put the question
+  to a dozen scholars, fellows of colleges, barristers, &amp;c. &amp;c.,
+  and none has been able to give me an answer. One only <i>thinks</i> it
+  was a dictum of some Pope.</p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">Harry Leroy Temple</span>.
+
+  <p><i>Sheriffs of Huntingdonshire and Cambridgeshire.</i>&mdash;Where can
+  any list of the sheriffs for these counties be found, <i>previous</i> to
+  the list given by Fuller from the time of Henry VIII.?</p>
+
+  <p class="author">D.
+
+  <p><i>Harris.</i>&mdash;The Rev. William Harris, B.A., was presented, by
+  Thomas Pindar, Esq., to the vicarage of Luddington, Lincolnshire, on the
+  7th August, 1722. Mr. Harris died here in June, 1748, aged eighty-two. On
+  his tomb is inscribed,&mdash;</p>
+
+  <div class="poem">
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p class="hg3">"Illi satis licuit</p>
+      <p>Nunc veterum libris, nunc</p>
+      <p>Somno, et inertibus horis</p>
+      <p>Ducere solicitæ jucunda oblivio vitæ."</p>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+  <p>A tradition of his being a wizard still lingers in the village, and I
+  should be very glad to receive any particulars respecting him. From an
+  inspection of his will at Lincoln, it appears that he used the coat of
+  the ancient family of Harris of Radford, Devon, and that his wife's name
+  was Honora, a Christian name not infrequent about that period in families
+  of the West of England also, as, for instance, Honora, daughter of Sir
+  Richard Rogers of Bryanstone, who married Edward Lord Beauchamp, and had
+  a daughter Honora, who married Sir Ferdinand Sutton; Honora, the wife of
+  Harry Conway, Esq., of Bodrhyddan, Flint; Honora, daughter of Edward
+  Fortescue of Fallapit; besides others.</p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">W. H. Lammin</span>.
+
+  <p class="address">Fulham.
+
+<hr class="full" >
+
+<h2>Replies.</h2>
+
+<h3>BISHOP BUTLER.</h3>
+
+<p class="cenhead">(Vol. vii., p. 528.)</p>
+
+  <p>"Charity thinketh no evil;" but we must feel both surprise and regret
+  that any one should, in 1853, consider it a doubtful question whether
+  Bishop Butler died in the communion of the Church of England. The bishop
+  has now been in his grave more than a hundred years; but Warburton says
+  truly, "How light a matter very often subjects the best-established
+  characters to the suspicions of posterity&mdash;how ready is a remote age
+  to catch at a low revived slander, which the times that brought it forth
+  saw despised and forgotten almost in its birth."</p>
+
+  <p>X. Y. Z. says he would be glad to have this charge (originally brought
+  forward in 1767) <i>sifted</i>. He will find that it has been sifted, and
+  in the most full and satisfactory manner, by persons of no less
+  distinction than Archbishop Secker and Bishop Halifax. The strong
+  language employed by the archbishop, when refuting what he terms <!--
+  Page 573 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page573"></a>{573}</span> a
+  "gross and scandalous falsehood," and when asserting the bishops
+  "abhorrence of popery," need not here be quoted, as "N.&amp; Q." is not
+  the most proper channel for the discussion of theological subjects; but
+  it is alleged that every man of sense and candour was convinced <i>at the
+  time</i> that the charge should be retracted; and it must be a
+  satisfaction to your correspondent to know, that as Bishop Butler lived
+  so he <i>died</i>, in full communion with that Church, which he adorned
+  equally by his matchless writings, sanctity of manners, and spotless
+  life.<a name="footnotetag4" href="#footnote4"><sup>[4]</sup></a></p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">J. H. Markland.</span>
+
+  <p class="address">Bath.
+
+<div class="note">
+  <a name="footnote4"></a><b>Footnote 4:</b><a
+  href="#footnotetag4">(return)</a>
+  <p>Your correspondent may be referred to <i>Memoirs of the Life of Bishop
+  Butler</i>, by a connexion of his own, the Rev. Thomas Bartlett, A.M.,
+  published in 1839; and to a review of the same work in the <i>Quarterly
+  Review</i>, vol. lxiv. p. 331.</p>
+
+</div>
+  <p>In reference to the Query by X.&nbsp;Y.&nbsp;Z., as to whether Bishop Butler
+  died in the Roman Catholic communion, allow me to refer your
+  correspondent to the contents of the letters from Dr. Forster and Bishop
+  Benson to Secker, then Bishop of Oxford, concerning the last illness and
+  death of the prelate in question, deposited at Lambeth amongst the
+  private MSS. of Archbishop Seeker, "as negative arguments against the
+  calumny of his dying a Papist."</p>
+
+  <p>Than the allegations that Butler died with a Roman Catholic book of
+  devotion in his hand, and that the last person in whose company he was
+  seen was a priest of that persuasion, nothing can be more unreasonable,
+  if at least it be meant to deduce from these unproved statements that the
+  bishop agreed with the one and held communion with the other. Dr.
+  Forster, his chaplain, was with him at his death, which happened about 11
+  <span class="sc">a.m.</span>, June 16; and this witness observes (in a
+  letter to the Bishop of Oxford, June 18) that "the last four-and-twenty
+  hours preceding which [<i>i.&nbsp;e.</i> his death] were divided between short
+  broken slumbers, and intervals of a calm but disordered talk when awake."
+  Again (letter to Ditto, June 17), Forster says that Bishop Butler, "when,
+  for a day or two before his death, he had in a great measure lost the use
+  of his faculties, was perpetually talking of writing to your lordship,
+  though without seeming to have anything which, at least, he was at all
+  capable of communicating to you." Bishop Benson writes to the Bishop of
+  Oxford (June 12) that Butler's "attention to any one or anything is
+  immediately lost and gone;" and, "my lord is incapable, not only of
+  reading, but attending to anything read or said." And again, "his
+  attention to anything is very little or none."</p>
+
+  <p>There was certainly an interval between this time (June 12) and "the
+  last four-and-twenty hours" preceding his death, during which, writes
+  Bishop Benson (June 17), Butler "said kind and affecting things more than
+  I could bear." Yet, on the whole, I submit that these extracts, if fully
+  weighed and considered with all the attending circumstances, contain
+  enough of even positive evidence to refute conclusively the injurious
+  suspicions alluded to by X.&nbsp;Y.&nbsp;Z., if such are still current.</p>
+
+  <p class="author">J. R. C.
+
+<hr class="full" >
+
+<h3>MITIGATION OF CAPITAL PUNISHMENT TO FORGERS.</h3>
+
+<p class="cenhead">(Vol. iv., p. 434., &amp;c.)</p>
+
+  <p>I have asked many questions, and turned over many volumes and files of
+  newspapers, to get at the real facts of the cases of mitigation stated in
+  "N. &amp; Q." Having winnowed the chaff as thoroughly as I could, I send
+  the very few grains I have found. Those only who have searched annual
+  registers, magazines, and journals for the foundation of stories
+  defective in names and dates, will appreciate my difficulties.</p>
+
+  <p>I have not found any printed account of the "Jeannie Deans" case, "N.
+  &amp; Q.," Vol. iv., p. 434.; Vol. v., p. 444.; Vol. vi., p. 153. I have
+  inquired of the older members of the Northern Circuit, and they never
+  heard of it. Still a young man may have been convicted of forgery "about
+  thirty-five years ago:" his sister may have presented a well-signed
+  petition to the judges, and the sentence may have been commuted without
+  the tradition surviving on the circuit. All however agree, that no man
+  who ever sat on the bench deserved the imputation of "obduracy" less than
+  Baron Graham. I should not have noticed the anecdote but for its
+  <i>mythic</i> accompaniments, which I disposed of in "N. &amp; Q.," Vol.
+  v., p. 444.</p>
+
+  <p>In Vol. vi., p. 496., W.&nbsp;W. cites from Wade's <i>British
+  History</i>:</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1">
+
+  <p>"July 22, 1814. Admiral William B&mdash;&mdash;y found guilty of
+  forging letters to defraud the revenue. He was sentenced to death, which
+  was commuted to banishment."</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p>The case is reported in <i>The Sun</i>, July 25, 1814; and the
+  subsequent facts are in <i>The Times</i>, July 30, and August 16 and 20.
+  It was tried before Mr. Justice Dampier at the Winchester Summer Assizes.
+  There were five bills against the prisoner for forgery, and one for a
+  fraud. That on which he was convicted, was for defrauding the post-master
+  of Gosport of 3<i>l.</i> 8<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> He took to the post-office
+  a packet of 114 letters, which he said were "ship letters," from the
+  "Mary and Jane." He received the postage, and signed the receipt "W.
+  Johnstone." The letters were fictitious. The case was fully proved, and
+  he received sentence of death. He was respited for a fortnight, and
+  afterwards during the pleasure of the Prince Regent. He was struck off
+  the list of retired <!-- Page 574 --><span class="pagenum"><a
+  name="page574"></a>{574}</span> rear-admirals. It was proved at the
+  trial, that, in 1809, he commanded "The Plantagenet;" but, <i>from the
+  unsettled state of his mind</i>, the command had been given up to the
+  first lieutenant, and that he was shortly after superseded. This, and the
+  good character he received, were probably held to excuse the pardon.</p>
+
+  <p>I now come to the great case of George III. and Mr. Fawcett. I much
+  regret that <span class="sc">Whunside</span> has not replied in your
+  pages to my question (Vol. vii., p. 163.), as I could then have commented
+  upon the facts, and his means of knowing them, with more freedom. I have
+  a private communication from him, which is ample and candid. He objects
+  to bring his name before the public, and I have no right to press that
+  point. He is not <i>quite</i> certain as to the convict's name, but can
+  procure it for me. He would rather that it should not be published, as it
+  might give pain to a respectable family. Appreciating the objection, and
+  having no use for it except to publish, I have declined to ask it of
+  him.</p>
+
+  <p>The case occurred in 1802 or 1803, when <span
+  class="sc">Whunside</span> was a pupil of Mr. Fawcett. He says:</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1">
+
+  <p>"Occasionally Mr. Fawcett used to allow certain portions of a weekly
+  newspaper to be read to the boys on a Saturday evening. This case was
+  read to us, I think from the <i>Leeds Mercury</i>; and though Mr.
+  Fawcett's name was not mentioned, we were all aware who the minister
+  was."</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p>Thus we have no <i>direct</i> evidence of the amount of Mr. Fawcett's
+  communications with George III. How much of the story as it is now told
+  was read to the boys, we do not know; but that it came to them first
+  through a weekly paper, is rather against than for it.</p>
+
+  <p>We all know the tendency of good stories to pick up additions as they
+  go. I have read that the first edition of the <i>Life of Loyola</i> was
+  without miracles. This anecdote seems to have reached its full growth in
+  1823, in Pearson's <i>Life of W. Hey, Esq.</i>, and probably in the two
+  lives of George III., published after his death, and mentioned by <span
+  class="sc">Whunside</span>. Pearson, as cited in "N. &amp; Q.," Vol. vi.,
+  p. 276., says, that by some means the <i>Essay on Anger</i> had been
+  recommended to the notice of George III., who would have made the author
+  a bishop had he not been a dissenter; that he signified his wish to serve
+  Mr. Fawcett, &amp;c. That on the conviction of H&mdash;&mdash;, Mr.
+  Fawcett wrote to the king; and a letter soon arrived, conveying the
+  welcome intelligence, "You may rest assured that his life is safe,"
+  &amp;c.</p>
+
+  <p>It is not stated that this was "private and confidential:" if it was,
+  Mr. Fawcett had no right to mention it; if it was not, he had no reason
+  for concealing what was so much to his honour, and so extraordinary as
+  the king's personal interference in a matter invariably left to the
+  Secretary of State for the Home Department. If, however, Mr. Fawcett was
+  silent from modesty, his biographers had no inducement to be so; yet, let
+  us see how they state the case. The <i>Account of the Life, Writings, and
+  Ministry of the late Rev. John Fawcett</i>: London, 1818, cited in "N.
+  &amp; Q.," Vol. vi., p. 229., says:</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1">
+
+  <p>"He was induced, <i>in conjunction with others</i>, to solicit the
+  exercise of royal clemency in mitigating the severity of that punishment
+  which the law denounces: and it gladdened the sympathetic feelings of his
+  heart to know that these petitions were not unavailing; but the modesty
+  of his character made him regret the publicity which had been given to
+  this subject."</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p>The fifth edition of the <i>Essay on Anger, printed for the Book
+  Society for Promoting Religious Knowledge</i>, London, no date, has a
+  memoir of the author. The "incident" is said not to have been circulated
+  <i>in any publication by the family</i>; but "it was one of the secrets
+  which obtain a wider circulation from the reserve with which one relator
+  invariably retails it to another." That is exactly my view. Secrecy
+  contributes to diffusion, but not to accuracy. At the risk of being
+  thought tedious, I must copy the rest of this statement:</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1">
+
+  <p>"Soon after the publication of this treatise, <i>the author took an
+  opportunity of presenting a copy</i> to our late much revered sovereign;
+  whose ear was always accessible to merit, however obscure the individual
+  in whom it was found. Contrary to the fate of most publications laid at
+  the feet of royalty, it was diligently perused and admired; and a
+  communication of this approbation was afterwards made known to the
+  author. It happened some time afterwards, a relative of one of his
+  friends was convicted of a capital crime, for which he was left for
+  execution. Application was instantly made for an extension of royal
+  favour in his behalf; and, among others, one was made by Mr. Fawcett: and
+  his majesty, <i>no doubt recollecting the pleasure he had derived from
+  the perusal of his</i> Essay on Anger, <i>and believing that he would not
+  recommend an improper person to royal favour</i>, was most graciously
+  pleased to answer the prayer of the petition; but <i>as to precisely how
+  far the name of Mr. Fawcett might have contributed to this successful
+  application must await the great disclosures of a future
+  judgment.</i>"</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p>The reader will sift this jumble of inferences and facts, and perhaps
+  will not go so far as to have "no doubt."</p>
+
+  <p><span class="sc">Whunside</span> tells me, that about 1807 he employed
+  a bookbinder from Halifax; who, on hearing that he had been a pupil of
+  Mr. Fawcett, said he had seen two copies of the <i>Essay on Anger</i>,
+  most beautifully bound, to be sent to the king.</p>
+
+  <p>The conclusion to which I come is, that Mr. Fawcett sent a copy of the
+  <i>Essay on Anger</i> to the king; that the receipt of it was
+  acknowledged, possibly in some way more complimentary than the ordinary
+  circular; that a young man was convicted of forgery; that Mr. Fawcett and
+  others petitioned for his pardon, and that he was <!-- Page 575 --><span
+  class="pagenum"><a name="page575"></a>{575}</span> pardoned. All the rest
+  I hold to be mere rumours, not countenanced by Mr. Fawcett or his family,
+  and not <i>asserted</i> by his biographers.</p>
+
+  <p class="author">H. B. C.
+
+  <p class="address">U. U. Club.
+
+<hr class="full" >
+
+<h3>MYTHE VERSUS MYTH.</h3>
+
+<p class="cenhead">(Vol. vii., p. 326.)</p>
+
+  <p><span class="sc">Mr. Keightley's</span> rule is only partially true,
+  and in the part which is true is not fully stated. The following rules,
+  qualified by the accompanying remarks, will I trust be found
+  substantially correct.</p>
+
+  <p>English monosyllables, formed from Greek or Latin monosyllabic
+  roots,</p>
+
+  <p>(1.) When the root ends in a single consonant preceded by a vowel,
+  require the lengthening <i>e</i>.</p>
+
+  <p>(2.) When the root ends in a single consonant preceded by a diphthong,
+  or in more than one consonant preceded by a vowel, reject the
+  <i>e</i>.</p>
+
+  <p>1. Examples from the Greek:&mdash;<span title="schêm-a" class="grk"
+  >&sigma;&chi;&#x1FC6;&mu;-&alpha;</span>, <i>scheme</i>; <span
+  title="lur-a" class="grk">&lambda;&#x1F7B;&rho;-&alpha;</span> (lyr-a),
+  <i>lyre</i>; <span title="zôn-ê" class="grk"
+  >&zeta;&#x1F7D;&nu;-&eta;</span> (zon-a), <i>zon-e</i>; <span
+  title="bas-is" class="grk">&beta;&#x1F71;&sigma;-&iota;&sigmaf;</span>,
+  <i>base</i>; <span title="phras-is" class="grk"
+  >&phi;&rho;&#x1F71;&sigma;-&iota;&sigmaf;</span>, <i>phras-e</i>; <span
+  title="trop-os" class="grk"
+  >&tau;&rho;&#x1F79;&pi;-&omicron;&sigmaf;</span>, <i>trop-e</i>. From
+  Latin, ros-a, <i>ros-e</i>; fin-is, <i>fin-e</i>; fum-us, <i>fum-e</i>;
+  pur-us, <i>pur-e</i>; grad-us, <i>grad-e</i>. Compare, in verbs, ced-o,
+  <i>ced-e</i>.</p>
+
+  <p><i>Remarks.</i>&mdash;This rule admits of a modification; <i>e.g.</i>
+  we form from <span title="zêl-os" class="grk"
+  >&zeta;&#x1FC6;&lambda;-&omicron;&sigmaf;</span> <i>zeal</i> (the sound
+  hardly perceptibly differing from <i>zel-e</i>); from <span title="hôr-a" class="grk"
+  >&#x1F65;&rho;-&alpha;</span> (hor-a), <i>hour</i>; from flos (flor-is),
+  <i>flower</i> and <i>flour</i> (the long sound communicated to the vowel
+  in the other words by the added <i>e</i>, being in these already
+  contained in the diphthong). Add ven-a, <i>vein</i>; van-us, <i>vain</i>;
+  sol-um, <i>soil</i>, &amp;c.; and compare <i>-ceed</i> in <i>proceed</i>,
+  <i>succeed</i>, formed from compounds of ced-o. Some, but not all, of
+  these words have come to us through the French.</p>
+
+  <p>2. Examples from the Greek:&mdash;<span title="rheum-a" class="grk"
+  >&#x1FE5;&epsilon;&#x1FE6;&mu;-&alpha;</span>, <i>rheum</i>; <span
+  title="chasm-a" class="grk">&chi;&#x1F71;&sigma;&mu;-&alpha;</span>,
+  <i>chasm</i>; <span title="murr-a" class="grk"
+  >&mu;&#x1F7B;&rho;&rho;-&alpha;</span>, <i>myrrh</i>; <span
+  title="glôss-a" class="grk"
+  >&gamma;&lambda;&#x1FF6;&sigma;&sigma;-&alpha;</span>, <i>gloss</i>;
+  <span title="numph-ê" class="grk">&nu;&#x1F7B;&mu;&phi;-&eta;</span>
+  (nymph-a), <i>nymph</i>; <span title="disk-os" class="grk"
+  >&delta;&#x1F77;&sigma;&kappa;-&omicron;&sigmaf;</span>, (disc-us),
+  <i>disk</i>; <span title="plinth-os" class="grk"
+  >&pi;&lambda;&#x1F77;&nu;&theta;-&omicron;&sigmaf;</span>, <i>plinth</i>;
+  <span title="psalm-os" class="grk"
+  >&psi;&alpha;&lambda;&mu;-&#x1F79;&sigmaf;</span>, <i>psalm</i>. From
+  Latin, fraus (fraud-is), <i>fraud</i>; laus (laud-is), <i>laud</i>;
+  plant-a, <i>plant</i>; orb-is, <i>orb</i>; plumb-um, <i>plumb</i>;
+  long-us, <i>long</i>, flux-us, <i>flux</i>; port-us, <i>port</i>.
+  Compare, in verbs, damn-o, <i>damn</i>; err-o, <i>err</i>; add-o,
+  <i>add</i>; vex-o, <i>vex</i>.</p>
+
+  <p><i>Remarks.</i>&mdash;From roots ending in the same consonant doubled,
+  our derived words ordinarily drop one of them; <i>e.g.</i> <span
+  title="stemm-a" class="grk">&sigma;&tau;&#x1F73;&mu;&mu;-&alpha;</span>,
+  <i>stem</i>; gemm-a, <i>gem</i>; summ-a, <i>sum</i>; penn-a, <i>pen</i>;
+  carr-us, <i>car</i>. (Note this tendency of our language, by comparing
+  our <i>man</i> with the German <i>mann</i>.)</p>
+
+  <p>If the root ends in <i>s</i> or <i>v</i> preceded by a diphthong, or
+  in a consonant +<i>s</i><a name="footnotetag5"
+  href="#footnote5"><sup>[5]</sup></a> or +<i>v</i> preceded by a vowel,
+  our derived words add <i>e</i>, <i>as</i> <span title="paus-is" class="grk"
+  >&pi;&alpha;&#x1FE6;&sigma;-&iota;&sigmaf;</span> (paus-a),
+  <i>paus-e</i>; caus-a, <i>cause-e</i>; næv-a, <i>nav-e</i>; puls-us,
+  <i>puls-e</i>; dens-us, <i>dens-e</i>; <span title="haps-is" class="grk"
+  >&#x1F01;&psi;-&#x1F77;&sigmaf;</span>, <i>aps-e</i>; laps-us,
+  <i>laps-e</i>; vers-us, <i>vers-e</i>; valv-a, <i>valv-e</i>; nerv-us,
+  <i>nerv-e</i>.<a name="footnotetag6" href="#footnote6"><sup>[6]</sup></a>
+  The cause of this lies in the genius of our language, which totally
+  rejects the ending <i>v</i>, and uses <i>s</i> (single) very sparingly in
+  the singular number, except in the ending <i>ous</i>, the genitive case,
+  the third person of the present tense, the obsolete <i>wis</i>, and
+  <i>was</i>. Other words are, the interjection <i>alas</i>; pronouns or
+  pronominal particles; proper names, as <i>Thomas</i>, <i>Chaos</i>;
+  compounds, as <i>Lammas</i>, <i>Christmas</i>; <i>plural</i> adverbs, as
+  <i>towards</i>, <i>thereabouts</i>; and the (perhaps)
+  <i>plural</i>&mdash;it ought to be so&mdash;<i>alms</i>.<a
+  name="footnotetag7" href="#footnote7"><sup>[7]</sup></a></p>
+
+  <p>From roots ending in a mute +<i>a</i> liquid, our derived words also
+  end in <i>e</i>, and are then in fact dissyllables; <i>e.g.</i> <span
+  title="bibl-os" class="grk"
+  >&beta;&#x1F77;&beta;&lambda;-&omicron;&sigmaf;</span>, <i>bible</i>;
+  <span title="kukl-os" class="grk"
+  >&kappa;&#x1F7B;&kappa;&lambda;-&omicron;&sigmaf;</span>, <i>cycl-e</i>;
+  <span title="mitr-a" class="grk">&mu;&#x1F77;&tau;&rho;-&alpha;</span>,
+  <i>mitr-e</i>; <span title="nitr-on" class="grk"
+  >&nu;&#x1F77;&tau;&rho;-&omicron;&nu;</span>, <i>nitr-e</i>; <span
+  title="petr-os" class="grk"
+  >&pi;&#x1F73;&tau;&rho;-&omicron;&sigmaf;</span>, <i>petr-e</i>. In this
+  class of words the final letters (after the analogy of Latin) have
+  sometimes become transposed; <i>e.g.</i> <span title="lepr-os" class="grk"
+  >&lambda;&epsilon;&pi;&rho;-&#x1F79;&sigmaf;</span>, <i>lep-er</i>. So
+  now-a-days, <i>cent-er</i> as well as <i>centr-e</i>. Compare
+  <i>metr-e</i>, <i>diamet-er</i>.</p>
+
+  <p>To apply our rules to the words required to be formed in an English
+  shape from <span title="muth-os" class="grk"
+  >&mu;&#x1FE6;&theta;-&omicron;&sigmaf;</span>.</p>
+
+  <p>Very few words in our language end in <i>th</i> which are not of
+  purely native growth. <i>Frith</i> is questionable exception. Besides the
+  monosyllable <i>plinth</i>, we have imported from the Greek
+  <i>colocynth</i>, <i>hyacinth</i>, <i>labyrinth</i>, with the proper
+  names <i>Corinth</i>, <i>Erymanth</i>, all terminating in <i>nth</i>.</p>
+
+  <p>In the ending <i>the</i> our language does not rejoice. Most of such
+  words are verbs, so distinguished from their cognate substantives, as
+  <i>wreathe</i> from <i>wreath</i>. We have, as substantives, <i>lathe</i>
+  (A.-S. <span lang="ang" class="saxon" title="leð" >leð</span>),
+  <i>hythe</i> (<span lang="ang" class="saxon" title="hyð" >hyð</span>),
+  <i>scythe</i> (more properly <i>sithe</i>, <span lang="ang" class="saxon"
+  title="siðe" >s&#x131;ðe</span>), <i>tythe</i> (<span lang="ang"
+  class="saxon" title="tyðe" >tyðe</span>); as adjectives, <i>blithe</i>
+  (<span lang="ang" class="saxon" title="bliðe" >bl&#x131;ðe</span>),
+  <i>lithe</i> (<span lang="ang" class="saxon" title="lið"
+  >l&#x131;ð</span>). There may be one or two more.</p>
+
+  <p>In all these the sounds is <span lang="ang" class="saxon" title="ð"
+  >ð</span> (<i>th</i> in <i>this</i>) not <span lang="ang" class="saxon"
+  title="þ" >þ</span> (<i>th</i> in <i>thick</i>). This appears worth
+  notice.</p>
+
+  <p>On the whole, I should venture to say that so uncouth a slip as
+  <i>mythe</i>, when set in our soil, was unlikely to thrive. Still <span
+  class="special" title="The 'y-breve' of the original is not available"
+  ><i>myth</i></span> is objectionable, though we at Cambridge might quote
+  <span class="special" title="The 'y-breve' of the original is not available"
+  ><i>gyp</i></span>. However I may seem to be a breaker of my own laws, I
+  suggest, if we must have an English form of the word, that we should
+  write and pronounce <i>m<span class="over">y</span>th</i>. Several words
+  ending in <i>th</i> have the preceding vowel lengthened, <i>e.g.</i>
+  <i>both</i>, <i>sloth</i>, <i>ruth</i>, <i>truth</i> (though with the
+  inconsistency attributed to us, one, by the way, generally of orthography
+  rather than pronunciation, we shorten the diphthong in <i>breath</i>,
+  <i>death</i>). Compare also the sound of the endings <i>ild</i> and
+  <i>ind</i>.</p>
+
+  <p>I have already troubled you with a very long Note; but, before I
+  close, allow me to add that in what I have advanced I have had in view
+  only our modern mode of spelling, without binding <!-- Page 576 --><span
+  class="pagenum"><a name="page576"></a>{576}</span> myself to an opinion
+  of its inferiority or superiority to that of our forefathers. I beg also
+  to protest against <span class="sc">Mr. Keightley's</span> wish to banish
+  <i>mythical</i> from our vocabulary. It may be <i>hybrid</i>, but equally
+  so are <i>critical</i>, <i>grammatical</i>, <i>musical</i>,
+  <i>physical</i>, <i>poetical</i>, with a long string of et ceteras.</p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">Charles Thiriold</span>.
+
+<div class="note">
+  <a name="footnote5"></a><b>Footnote 5:</b><a
+  href="#footnotetag5">(return)</a>
+  <p>Except <i>x</i> (=<i>cs</i>). Compare <i>flax</i>, <i>wax</i>,
+  <i>ox</i>.</p>
+
+  <a name="footnote6"></a><b>Footnote 6:</b><a
+  href="#footnotetag6">(return)</a>
+  <p>From serv-us (after the French) we form <i>serf</i>.</p>
+
+  <a name="footnote7"></a><b>Footnote 7:</b><a
+  href="#footnotetag7">(return)</a>
+  <p><i>Rebus</i>, <i>overplus</i>, and <i>surplus</i> may, if not
+  satisfied, take an <i>omnibus</i>, bring their action at the <i>Nisi
+  Prius</i>, and meet there with a <i>nonplus</i>.</p>
+
+</div>
+<hr class="full" >
+
+<h3>"INQUIRY INTO THE STATE OF THE UNION, BY
+THE WEDNESDAY CLUB IN FRIDAY STREET."</h3>
+
+<p class="cenhead">(Vol. vii., pp. 261. 409.)</p>
+
+  <p>This very able and valuable work, as to which your correspondent
+  inquires, was written by Wm. Paterson, the projector of the Bank of
+  England and the Darien scheme; a great and memorable name, but which, to
+  the discredit of British biography, will be sought for in vain in
+  Chalmers's or our other biographical dictionaries. The book above noticed
+  appears to be a continuation of another tract by the same author,
+  entitled <i>An Inquiry into the Reasonableness and Consequences of an
+  Union with Scotland, containing a brief Deduction of what hath been done,
+  designed, or proposed in the Matter of the Union during the last Age, a
+  Scheme of an Union as accommodated to the present Circumstances of the
+  two Nations, also States of the respective Revenues, Debts, Weights,
+  Measures, Taxes, and Impositions, and of other Facts of moment: with
+  Observations thereupon, as communicated to Laurence Philips, Esq., near
+  York</i>: London, printed and sold by R. Bragg, 1706, 8vo., 160 pages.
+  This was preceded by an earlier tract by the same author: <i>Conferences
+  on the Public Debts, by the Wednesday's Club in Friday Street</i>:
+  London, 1695, 4to. The last is noticed, with a short account of the
+  author, by Mr. M<sup>c</sup>Culloch (<i>Lib. of Political Economy</i>, p.
+  159.), but he has not mentioned the two other works previously adverted
+  to. In all of them the author adopts the form of a report of the
+  proceedings of a club; but, without attempting to deny the actual
+  existence of a Wednesday's club in Friday Street (the designation he
+  assumes for it), nothing can be more clear to any one who reads the three
+  tracts than that the conversations, proceedings, and personages mentioned
+  are all the creatures of his own fertile invention, and made use of, more
+  conveniently to bring out his facts, arguments, and statements. The
+  dramatic form he gives them makes even the dry details of finance
+  amusing; and abounding, as they do, in information and thought, these
+  works may always be consulted with profit and pleasure. The <i>Inquiry
+  into the State of the Union</i>, 1717, 8vo., for which Walpole is said to
+  have furnished some of the materials, was answered, but rather feebly, in
+  an anonymous pamphlet entitled <i>Wednesday Club Law; or the Injustice,
+  Dishonour, and Ill Policy of breaking into Parliamentary Contracts for
+  public Debts</i>: London, printed for E. Smith, 1717, 8vo., pp. 38. The
+  author of this pamphlet appears to have been a Mr. Broome. Those who
+  would wish see one of the financial questions discussed in the
+  <i>Inquiry</i> treated with equal force and ability, and with similar
+  views, by a great cotemporary of Paterson, whose pamphlet came out
+  simultaneously, may read <i>Fair Payment no Spunge; or some
+  Considerations on the Unreasonableness of refusing to receive back Money
+  lent on public Securities, and the Necessity of setting the Nation free
+  from the unsupportable Burthen of Debt and Taxes, with a View of the
+  great Advantage and Benefit which will arise to Trade and to the Landed
+  Interest, as well as to the Poor, by having these heavy Grievances taken
+  off</i>: London, printed and sold by Brotherton: Meadows and Roberts,
+  1717, 8vo., pp. 79. This is one of the pamphlets which, though it has
+  been sometimes erroneously assigned to Paterson, both on external and
+  internal evidence may be confidently attributed to Defoe, but which has
+  unaccountably escaped the notice of all his biographers.</p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">James Crossley</span>.
+
+<hr class="full" >
+
+<h3>UNPUBLISHED EPIGRAM BY SIR W. SCOTT (?).</h3>
+
+<p class="cenhead">(Vol. vii., p. 498.)</p>
+
+  <p>The lines which your correspondent <span class="sc">R. Vincent</span>
+  attributes to Sir Walter Scott are part of an old English inscription
+  which Longfellow quotes in <i>Outremer</i>, p. 66., and thus describes in
+  a note:</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1">
+
+  <p>"I subjoin this relic of old English verse entire.... It is copied
+  from a book whose title I have forgotten, and of which I have but a
+  single leaf, containing the poem. In describing the antiquities of the
+  church of Stratford-upon-Avon, the writer gives the following account of
+  a very old painting upon the wall, and of the poem which served as its
+  motto. The painting is no longer visible, having been effaced in
+  repairing the church:</p>
+
+  <p>"'Against the west wall of the nave, on the south side of the arch,
+  was painted the martyrdom of Thomas à Becket, while kneeling at the altar
+  of St. Benedict, in Canterbury Cathedral. Below this was the figure of an
+  angel, probably St. Michael, supporting a long scroll, upon which were
+  seven stanzas in old English, being an allegory of mortality.'"</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p>The lines given at p. 498. of "N. &amp; Q." seem to be taken from the
+  two following stanzas, which stand third and fourth in the old
+  inscription:</p>
+
+  <div class="poem">
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p class="hg3">"<i>Erth apon erth wynnys castellys and towrys,</i></p>
+      <p><i>Then seth erth unto erth thys ys all owrys.</i></p>
+      <p>When erth apon erth hath bylde hys bowrys,</p>
+      <p>Then schall erth for erth suffur many hard schowrys.</p>
+    </div>
+
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p class="hg3">"Erth goth apon erth as man apon mowld,</p>
+      <p>Lyke as erth apon erth never goo schold,</p>
+      <p><i>Erth goth apon erth as gelsteryng gold,</i></p>
+      <p><i>And yet schall erth unto erth rather than he wold.</i>"</p>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+<p><!-- Page 577 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page577"></a>{577}</span></p>
+
+  <p>Dugdale, in his <i>Antiquities of Warwickshire</i>, p. 517., tells us
+  that John de Stratford, who was Archbishop of Canterbury in the reign of
+  Edward III., built a chapel on the south side of the church, "to the
+  honour of God and of St. Thomas the Martyr;" and as at p. 521. he
+  describes it as "in the south ile of the said church," the west wall of
+  this chapel answers very well the description of the position of the
+  painting, and inscription. But in <i>The Beauties of England and
+  Wales</i>, vol. xv. p. 238., <i>the chapel of the gild of the Holy
+  Cross</i>, in the centre of the town, is mentioned as the place in which
+  the pictures were discovered, during some repairs which it underwent in
+  the year 1804.</p>
+
+  <p>I have since ascertained that the work to which Longfellow refers is
+  Weaver's <i>Account of Stratford-upon-Avon</i>.</p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">Erica</span>.
+
+  <p>As a companion to the <i>unpublished</i> epigram in No. 186. of "N.
+  &amp; Q.," I beg to hand you the following epitaph, copied by myself
+  about thirty years since, and referring, as I <i>believe</i>, to an old
+  brass in the church of St. Helen's, London:</p>
+
+  <div class="poem">
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p class="hg3">"Here lyeth y<sup>e</sup> bodyes of</p>
+      <p>James Pomley, y<sup>e</sup> sonne of ould</p>
+      <p>Dominick Pomley and Jane his</p>
+      <p>Wyfe: y<sup>e</sup> said James deceased y<sup>e</sup> 7<sup>th</sup></p>
+      <p>day of Januarie Anno Domini 1592</p>
+      <p>he beyng of y<sup>e</sup> age of 88 years, and</p>
+      <p>y<sup>e</sup> sayd Jane deceased y<sup>e</sup> &mdash;&mdash; day</p>
+      <p>of &mdash;&mdash;  D&mdash;&mdash;.</p>
+    </div>
+
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p>Earth goeth up&#x14D; earth as moulde up&#x14D; moulde;</p>
+      <p>Earth goeth up&#x14D; earth all glittering as golde,</p>
+      <p>As though earth to y<sup>e</sup> earth never turne shoulde;</p>
+      <p>And yet shall earth to y<sup>e</sup> earth sooner than he woulde."</p>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">William Williams</span>.
+
+<hr class="full" >
+
+<h3>CHURCH CATECHISM.</h3>
+
+<p class="cenhead">(Vol. vii., pp. 190. 463.)</p>
+
+  <p>In accordance with the request of Z.&nbsp;E.&nbsp;R., I have pleasure in
+  forwarding the extracts from the <i>Catechismus brevis et Catholicus</i>,
+  referred to at pp. 190. 463. of the present volume. It is needful to
+  premise, 1. That the pages of the catechism are not numbered. This will
+  account for the absence of precise references. 2. That only so much is
+  quoted as may exhibit the parallelism; and, 3. That the citations are not
+  consecutive in the original, but arranged in the order of the questions
+  and answers of the <i>Church Catechism</i>, beginning with the fourteenth
+  question, "How many sacraments hath Christ ordained in His Church?"</p>
+
+  <p><i>Q.</i> 14. How many, &amp;c.</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1">
+
+  <p>"Quot sunt Ecclesiæ Catholicæ Sacramenta?</p>
+
+  <p>Septem sunt in universum," &amp;c.</p>
+
+  <p>"Quis instituit Baptismum?</p>
+
+  <p>Ipse Servator ac Dominus noster Jesus Christus."</p>
+
+  <p>[<i>Similarly of the Eucharist.</i>]</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p><i>Q.</i> 15. What meanest thou, &amp;c.</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1">
+
+  <p>"Ecquur hæc ipsa&mdash;et dicantur et sint Sacramenta?</p>
+
+  <p>Sacramenta sunt et dicuntur quia sacra atque efficacia sunt signa
+  divinæ erga nos voluntatis."</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p><i>Q.</i> 16. How many parts, &amp;c.</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1">
+
+  <p>"Habetque unumquodque horum (quod sacramentis peculiare est verbum)
+  Elementum, et Gratiam invisibilem. Quod verbum nos docet, et promittit
+  nobis, hoc Elementum seu visibile signum similitudine quâdam demonstrat,
+  hoc idem Gratia quoque (nisi tamen obicem objiciat homo) in anima
+  invisibiliter operatur.</p>
+
+  <p>Da paucis singulorum Sacramentorum signa et invisibilem gratiam?"</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p><i>Q.</i> 17. What is the outward, &amp;c.</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1">
+
+  <p>"In Baptismo signum externum Aqua est."</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p><i>Q.</i> 18. What is the inward, &amp;c.</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1">
+
+  <p>"Quid efficit seu prodest Baptismus?</p>
+
+  <p>"Res seu gratia est renovatio et sanctificatio animæ, ablutio omnium
+  peccatorum, adoptio baptizati in filium Dei.</p>
+
+  <p>'Baptizatus sum in Nomine Patris et Filii et Spiritus Sancti.'</p>
+
+  <p>"Tinctione illa aquæ, operationeque Spiritus Sancti, eripitur
+  baptizatus à regno et tyrannide diaboli, donatur remissione peccatorum ac
+  innocentia, addicitur perpetuò uni veroque Deo Patri et Filio et Spiritui
+  Sancto, hujus denique filius atque hæres instituitur."</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p><i>Q.</i> 19. What is required, &amp;c.</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1">
+
+  <p>"Requiritur in eo (adulto), et verus fidei usus, et vita professione
+  Christiana, Baptismique voto digna: hoc est ut corde credat, et ore fidem
+  confiteatur, utque peccatis mortificatis in vitæ ambulet novitate.</p>
+
+  <p>Proba sacræ Scripturæ testimoniis, quod Fides in Baptizato
+  requiratur."</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p><i>Q.</i> 20. Why then are infants, &amp;c.</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1">
+
+  <p>"Sed quomodo infantes possunt credere, ut qui nondum usum habeant
+  rationis?</p>
+
+  <p>His fides Ecclesiæ et susceptorum suffragatur, donec idonei fiant suo
+  illam assensu percipere, adhæc et fidei gratiam in Baptismo ii
+  consequuntur."</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p><i>Q.</i> 21. Why was the Sacrament, &amp;c.</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1">
+
+  <p>"Quur vero sacram Eucharistiam Christus instituit?</p>
+
+  <p>... Ut suæ passionis ac mortis recordemur, eamque annuntiemus
+  perpetuò."</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p><i>Q.</i> 22. What is the outward, &amp;c.</p>
+
+  <p><i>Q.</i> 23. What is the inward, &amp;c.</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1">
+
+  <p>"Da paucis ... signa et invisibilem gratiam.</p>
+
+  <p>In Eucharistia, Elementum est panis ac vini species: res autem, verum
+  corpus, et verus Christi sanguis est, fructusque dignam sumptionem
+  sequentes."</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+<p><!-- Page 578 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page578"></a>{578}</span></p>
+
+  <p><i>Q.</i> 24. What are the benefits, &amp;c.</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1">
+
+  <p>"Jam recense paucis quinam fructus dignam Eucharistæ sumptionem
+  sequantur?</p>
+
+  <p>Principio quidem virtute escæ hujus confirmamur in fide, munimur
+  adversus peccata, ad bonorum operum studium excitamur, et ad charitatem
+  inflammamur. Hinc vero per eam incorporamur adjungimurque capiti nostro
+  Christo, ut unum cum ipso constituamus corpus," &amp;c.</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p><i>Q.</i> 25. What is required, &amp;c.</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1">
+
+  <p>"Quonam pacto dignè sumitur Eucharistia?</p>
+
+  <p>Digna sumptio, omnium primum requirit, ut homo peccata sua agnoscat ex
+  animo ob ea verè doleat&mdash;ac firmum etiam animo concipiat amplius non
+  peccandi propositum. Deinde exigit etiam digna sumptio, ut communicaturus
+  simultatem omnem odiumque animo eximat: reconcilietur læso, et charitatis
+  contra viscera induat. Postremo vero et fides cum primis in sumente
+  requiritur ... ut credat corpus Christi pro se esse traditum mortem, et
+  sanguinem ejus in remissionem peccatorum suorum vere effusum,"
+  &amp;c.</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p>I fear the unavoidable length of the previous extracts will be against
+  the insertion of the full title of the book, and one remark. The title
+  is,&mdash;</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1">
+
+  <p>"Catechismus brevis et Catholicus in gratiam Juventutis conscriptus,
+  Autore Iacobo Sch&oelig;ppero, Ecclesiasta Tremoniano. Cui accessit Pium
+  diurnarum precum Enchiridion, ex quo pueri toto die cum Deo colloqui
+  discant. Antverpiæ, apud Ioan. Bellerum ad insigne Falconis, 1555."</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p>My remark is, that some of the coincidences above enumerated are at
+  least singular, though they do not perhaps <i>prove</i> that the compiler
+  of the <i>Church Catechism</i>, in the places referred to, had them
+  before him.</p>
+
+  <p class="author">B. H. C.
+
+<hr class="full" >
+
+<h3>JACOB BOBART, ETC.</h3>
+
+<p class="cenhead">(Vol. vii., p. 428.)</p>
+
+  <p>Of old Jacob Bobart, who originally came from Brunswick, Granger
+  (<i>Biog. Hist.</i>, vol. v. p. 287., edit. 1824) gives us the following
+  account:</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1">
+
+  <p>"Jacob Bobart, a German, whom Plot styles 'an excellent gardener and
+  botanist,' was, by the Earl of Danby, founder of the physic-garden at
+  Oxford, appointed the first keeper of it. He was author of <i>Catalogus
+  Plantarum Horti Medici Oxoniensis, scil. Latino-Anglicus et
+  Anglico-Latinus</i>: Oxon. 1648, 8vo. One singularity I have heard of him
+  from a gentleman of unquestionable veracity, that on rejoicing days he
+  used to have his beard tagged with silver. The same gentleman informed
+  me, that there is a portrait of him in the possession of one of the
+  corporation at Woodstock. He died the 4th of February, 1679, in the
+  eighty-first year of his age. He had two sons, Tillemant and Jacob, who
+  both belonged to the physic-garden. It appears that the latter succeeded
+  him in his office."</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p>There is a very fine print of the elder Bobart, now extremely scarce,
+  "D. Loggan del., M. Burghers, sculp." It is a quarto of the largest size.
+  Beneath the head, which is dated 1675, is this distich:</p>
+
+  <div class="poem">
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p class="hg3">"Thou German prince of plants, each year to thee</p>
+      <p>Thousands of subjects grant a subsidy."</p>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+  <p>In John Evelyn's <i>Diary</i>, under the date Oct. 24, 1664, is the
+  following entry:</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1">
+
+  <p>"Next to Wadham, and the physic garden, where were two large
+  locust-trees, and as many platani (plane-trees), and some rare plants
+  under the culture of old Bobart."</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p>The editor of the last edition, after repeating part of Granger's
+  note, and mentioning the portrait, adds:</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1">
+
+  <p>"There is a small whole-length in the frontispiece of
+  <i>Vertumnus</i>, a poem on that garden. In this he is dressed in a long
+  vest, with a beard. One of his family was bred up at college in Oxford;
+  but quitted his studies for the profession of the whip, driving one of
+  the Oxford coaches (his own property) for many years with great credit.
+  In 1813 he broke his leg by an accident; and in 1814, from the respect he
+  had acquired by his good conduct, he was appointed by the University to
+  the place of one of the Esquire Beadles."</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p><i>Vertumnus</i>, the poem mentioned in the above note, was addressed
+  to Mr. Jacob Bobart, in 1713, by Dr. Evans. It is a laudatory epistle on
+  the botanical knowledge of the Bobarts; and we learn from it that Jacob,
+  the younger, collected a <i>Hortus Siccus</i> (a collection of plants
+  pasted upon paper, and kept dry in a book) in twenty volumes.</p>
+
+  <div class="poem">
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p class="hg3">"Thy <i>Hortus Siccus</i> ...</p>
+      <p>In tomes twice ten, that world immense!</p>
+      <p>By thee compiled at vast expense."</p>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+  <p>The broadsides about which <span class="sc">H.&nbsp;T. Bobart</span>
+  inquires are of the greatest possible rarity. They were the production of
+  Edmund Gayton, the author of <i>Festivious Notes on Don Quixote</i>,
+  &amp;c. Copies may be seen in the Ashmolean Library, under the
+  press-marks Nos. 423. and 438., but I think not in any other repository
+  of a like nature.</p>
+
+  <p>Among the Ashmolean MSS. (No. 36, art. 296.) is a poem of 110 lines
+  "Upon the most hopeful and ever-flourishing Sprouts of Valour, the
+  indefatigable Centrys of the Physick-Garden." This, I apprehend, is a MS.
+  copy of the first broadside mentioned by your correspondent.</p>
+
+  <p>I shall merely add, the Bobarts, father and son, were personal friends
+  of Ashmole and Ray, and that, in all probability, among their
+  correspondence much curious and minute information might be obtained.</p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">Edward F. Rimbault</span>.
+
+<hr class="full" >
+
+<h3>"ITS."</h3>
+
+<p class="cenhead">(Vol. vii., p. 510.)</p>
+
+  <p>I was somewhat surprised to find, in No. 186. of "N. &amp; Q.," two
+  instances quoted of the use of the <!-- Page 579 --><span
+  class="pagenum"><a name="page579"></a>{579}</span> word "its" in the
+  version of the Bible. It has long been an established opinion that this
+  word did not exist in it; and the fact has been recently referred to by
+  two different authorities, <span class="sc">Mr. Keightley</span> in "N.
+  &amp; Q.," Vol. vii., p. 160., and Mr. Watts of the British Museum, in a
+  paper "On some philological peculiarities in the English authorised
+  Version of the Bible," read before the Philological Society on December
+  10, 1852.</p>
+
+  <p>Feeling curious on the subject, I have taken the trouble of referring
+  to several different versions of the Bible in the British Museum, and the
+  following <i>variorum</i> readings of the verses quoted by your
+  correspondent B.&nbsp;H.&nbsp;C. are the result:</p>
+
+  <p>1. The Wickliffite version, before 1390 (edit. Forshall and
+  Wadden):</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1">
+
+  <p>"And he shal ben as a tree, that is plauntid beside the doun rennyngis
+  of watris; that <i>his</i> frut shal <span class="special" title="3ive - letter yogh"
+  >&#x21D;ive</span> in <i>his</i> time."&mdash;Ps. i. 3.</p>
+
+  <p>"Duke of the weie thou were in <i>his</i> (<i>sc.</i> the vine) <span
+  class="special" title="si3t - letter yogh">si&#x21D;t</span>; and thou
+  plauntidist <i>his</i> rootis, and it fulfilde the erthe."&mdash;Ps.
+  lxxx. 10.</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p>2. Coverdale's Bible, 1536:</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1">
+
+  <p>"Y<sup>t</sup> br&#x12B;geth forth <i>his</i> frute in due
+  season."</p>
+
+  <p>"Thou maydest rowme for it, and caused it to take rote, so
+  y<sup>t</sup> it fylled the l&#x14D;de."</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p>3. Matthews, 1537:</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1">
+
+  <p>"That bryngeth forth <i>his</i> frute in due season."</p>
+
+  <p>"Thou madest rowme for it, and caused it to take rote, so that it
+  fylled the lande."</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p>4. Cranmer, 1539:</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1">
+
+  <p>"Y<sup>t</sup> wyll brynge forth <i>hys</i> frute in due season."</p>
+
+  <p>"Thou madest rowme for it, and whan it had taken rote it fylled
+  y<sup>e</sup> lande."</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p>5. The Bishops' Bible, 1568:</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1">
+
+  <p>"That bryngeth foorth <i>her</i> fruite in due season."</p>
+
+  <p>"Thou madst roome before it, thou causedst it to take roote, and it
+  hath filled the lande."</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p>6. Geneva Bible, 1578. In this there are two translations, one
+  "according to the Ebrewe," the other "used in the Common Prayer":</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1">
+
+  <p>i. "That wil bring forth <i>her</i> fruite in due season."</p>
+
+  <p>ii. "That will bring forth <i>his</i> fruite in due season."</p>
+
+  <p>i. "Thou madest roome for it, and when it had taken roote, it filled
+  the lande."</p>
+
+  <p>ii. "Thou madest roume for it, and didest cause it to take roote, and
+  it filled the land."</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p>7. The Douay Bible (Roman Catholic version), 1609-10:</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1">
+
+  <p>"Which shal geue <i>his</i> fruite in <i>his</i> time."</p>
+
+  <p>"Thou wast the guide of the way in the sight <i>thereof</i>; thou
+  didst plant the rootes <i>thereof</i>, and it filled the earth."</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p>8. Authorised version, 1611:</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1">
+
+  <p>"That bringeth forth <i>his</i> fruit in <i>his</i> season."</p>
+
+  <p>"Thou preparedst roome before it, and didst cause it to take deepe
+  roote, and it filled the land."</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p>It will thus be perceived that "its" is wanting in all the above
+  passages, and that "his," "her," and "thereof" invariably supply its
+  place. I have been equally unsuccessful in detecting the word in the
+  Common Prayer-Book version of the Psalms, which is well known to be that
+  of the "Great Bible," or Cranmer's edition of 1539, and which has
+  remained in use without alteration ever since. May I therefore ask
+  B.&nbsp;H.&nbsp;C. to be so good as to point out the particular "Old version of the
+  Psalms" from which he has derived his quotation?</p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">W. B. Rye</span>.
+
+<hr class="full" >
+
+<h3>BOHN'S EDITION OF HOVEDEN.</h3>
+
+<p class="cenhead">(Vol. vii., p. 495.)</p>
+
+  <p>In reply to your correspondent's remarks (May 21) on my translation of
+  Hoveden, I beg to state that, in suggesting Cork, I did not allude to the
+  city of Cork, but the <i>territory</i> of Desmond or Cork, which probably
+  extended to within a short distance of Waterford. Hoveden more than once,
+  in his foreign geography, confounds places with territories or kingdoms;
+  this fact, and the similarity of the names, <i>Croch</i> and
+  <i>Corch</i>, as the kingdom of Cork is elsewhere called by him, led me
+  to believe that a landing in the territory of Cork was meant. "Crook,"
+  "Hook Point," or "The Crook," is only <i>supposed</i> to have been the
+  place of landing on this occasion. I confess that I was not aware that
+  "Erupolis" was an alias of the diocese of Ossory: I cannot find it
+  mentioned as such in the dictionaries at my command. My Note, however,
+  was worded in such a way as to give offence to no reasonable person: and,
+  among the many hundreds, perhaps thousands of suggestions, made in the
+  notes (in a proper spirit, I hope,) I should be greatly surprised to find
+  that I had miscarried in none. For your correspondent's information, I
+  beg to state, that I am not an Irishman either by birth or descent; and
+  that I have never had the good fortune to pay a visit to that country.
+  Were I inclined to follow his example in making remarks upon the
+  "ominousness" of names, I might perhaps retaliate upon him with
+  interest.</p>
+
+  <p>Why I have forfeited all claim to be treated by this gentleman with
+  courtesy or common politeness, I am quite at a loss to conceive; but I
+  beg to remind him that vituperation does not carry conviction, and that
+  criticism is enfeebled by an alliance with abuse.</p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">Henry T. Riley</span>.
+
+<hr class="full" >
+
+<h3>BOOKS OF EMBLEMS.</h3>
+
+<p class="cenhead">(Vol. vii., p. 469.)</p>
+
+  <p>In your 185th Number, two or three Queries are proposed by the <span
+  class="sc">Rev. Mr. Corser</span> in <!-- Page 580 --><span
+  class="pagenum"><a name="page580"></a>{580}</span> connexion with that
+  interesting branch of literature called <i>Books of Emblems</i>. To these
+  it shall be my endeavour to reply.</p>
+
+  <p>First. Some years ago I made particular inquiry from the surviving
+  relatives of the late Rev. William Beloe, whether among his manuscripts
+  there had been found any "Treatise on Emblems," or any notices which had
+  a bearing on the subject? They informed me that they had made search, but
+  without success.</p>
+
+  <p>Second. Of Thomas Combe, mentioned by Meres in his <i>Palladis
+  Tamia</i>, I have been unable to learn anything.</p>
+
+  <p>Third. It appears certain that Bunyan never published any <i>Book of
+  Emblems</i>, whatever may have been hawked under his name; nor can I
+  find, in the Account of his Life and Writings just published in Glasgow,
+  Edinburgh, and London, or in any preceding edition of his works, that
+  such a production was ever contemplated by him.</p>
+
+  <p>Fourth. In the extensive and valuable "English Books of Emblems"
+  furnished (chiefly from his own library) by <span class="sc">Mr.
+  Corser</span>, he mentions R. Burton's <i>Choice Emblems, Divine and
+  Moral; or Delights for the Ingenious, &amp;c.</i>, 12mo. 1721. Perhaps my
+  learned and accomplished friend may not be aware that <i>Burton</i> is an
+  <i>assumed</i> name, placed in the title-pages of several cheap books
+  which appeared at the end of the seventeenth and the beginning of the
+  eighteenth centuries, but which were thought to have been written by a
+  Mr. Nathaniel Crouch, a bookseller, who sold them. I have a sixth edition
+  of these "choice emblems," dated 1732, which was then sold for "two
+  shillings bound." The work is merely a collection of fifty emblems,
+  taken, without acknowledgment, from George Wither, the copper-plate
+  engravings being poor copies from those of Depasse. To this sixth edition
+  there is prefixed a portrait of K. Charles I., with eight pages of
+  sympathising verses.</p>
+
+  <p><span class="sc">Mr. Corser's</span> list of English works is very
+  complete. I possess, however, an unpublished manuscript translation of
+  Alciato into English verse. It is of the time of James I., and possesses
+  much merit; but it has unfortunately been mutilated.</p>
+
+  <p>I also possess the following:</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1">
+
+  <p>"Amorum Emblemata figuris æneis incisa studio Othonis Væni,
+  Batavo-Lugdunensis. Emblemes of Love, with verses in Latin, English, and
+  Italian, obl. 4to.: Antverpiæ, 1608."</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p>Prefixed is an English dedication "to the most Honourable and Worthy
+  Brothers William, Earl of Pembroke, and Philip, Earl of Montgomerie,
+  Patrons of Learning and Chevalrie," whose coat of arms also is given.</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1">
+
+  <p>"The Doctrine of Morality, or a View of Human Life according to the
+  Stoic Philosophy, &amp;c. A translation, by T.&nbsp;M. Gibbs, from the French
+  of M. De Gomberville, with 103 copper plates by Daret, folio: London,
+  1721."</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p>To each engraving are appended quotations from Horace, &amp;c., with
+  English translations: but both engravings and quotations have been
+  pirated (without the least acknowledgment) from Van Veen's <i>Horatia
+  Emblemata</i>.</p>
+
+  <p>It must be admitted that a comprehensive work on European Books of
+  Emblems, illustrated with fac-similes of the various engravings, &amp;c.,
+  is a great desideratum in modern literature. I feel highly flattered by
+  the kind commendations which <span class="sc">Mr. Corser</span> has
+  bestowed upon my two small attempts towards such a work, and by his
+  encouraging me to proceed "to enlarge and complete" the same. Now, I do
+  not altogether despair of <i>enlarging</i> it. But when my excellent
+  friend puts forward a proposal to <i>complete</i> it, he should be
+  informed that my library alone contains nearly 250 volumes strictly
+  emblematical, and published during the sixteenth and seventeenth
+  centuries. By far the greater part of these are in Latin. To carry
+  forward a work of such magnitude to anything like <i>completion</i> must
+  therefore be rather wished for than expected.</p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">Jos. B. Yates</span>.
+
+  <p class="address">West Dingle, near Liverpool.
+
+  <p>Allow me to add the following to <span class="sc">Mr. Corser's</span>
+  list:</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1">
+
+  <p>"The Christian's Divine Amusement, consisting of Emblems and
+  Hieroglyphicks on a great Variety of Subjects, Moral and Divine, in four
+  books. By the late Rev. Mr. J. Jones. Embellished with near 100 beautiful
+  emblematical cuts, 12mo. pp. 191.: London, 1764."</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p>I know not who the Rev. Mr. J. was, but his book is the old one of
+  Francis Quarles. The author, or rather adapter, attacks and demolishes
+  the fable as a method of instruction, and would substitute the emblems.
+  In remodelling Quarles, Mr. Jones makes the following alterations, or
+  improvements:&mdash;Instead of the Latin motto under each cut, he
+  presents us with four lines of English verse, which contain a general
+  explanation of the emblem. The page facing the cut he divides into two
+  parts or sections of odes and hymns suited to common psalmody, and the
+  moral, or application, also in a poetical dress.</p>
+
+  <p>A prose work belonging to the class under notice is an</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1">
+
+  <p>"Emblematical Representation of the Paradise of God; showing the
+  Nature of Spiritual Industry, in the similitude of a Garden well ordered,
+  dressed, and kept. London, 1779."</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p>The author of this was a visionary Scots gardener named Alexander
+  Clark, who had been favoured with a special manifestation of divine
+  glory, "by which," he says, "(to my own astonishment) I was enabled to
+  see through every profound passage of Scripture, and to spiritualise
+  every material thing;" but he belongs to my fanatical rather <!-- Page
+  581 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page581"></a>{581}</span> than to
+  my emblematical shelf, and may be worth a separate Note hereafter.</p>
+
+  <p>Under the name of Farlie, or Fairlie, <span class="sc">Mr.
+  Corser</span> mixes up the titles of two distinct books; they are now
+  before me, and divide themselves thus:</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1">
+
+  <p>1. "Lychnocavsia, sive Moralia Facvm Emblemata. Light's Moral Emblems.
+  Authore Roberto Farlæo, Scoto-Britanno. 12mo.: London, Th. Cotes for M.
+  Sparke, 1638."</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p>Containing fifty-eight emblems in Latin and English, each with a cut,
+  with a dedication in Latin to the Earl of Ancrum, and one in English to
+  his Countess. There are also complimentary verses by J. Hooper, Christ.
+  Drayton, Mr. Povey, Thos. Beedome, and Edm. Coleman.</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1">
+
+  <p>2. "Kalendarium Humanæ Vitæ. The Kalendar of Man's Life. Authore
+  R.&nbsp;F., S.-B. 12mo. London, for W. Hope, 1638."</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p>With a Latin dedication to his patron the Earl of Ancrum. The book
+  contains verses upon the various stages of man's life, under the heads of
+  Spring, Summer, Autumn, and Winter; again subdivided into moralisations
+  upon the months, as corresponding with the periods of life, as "August,
+  or Man's Youth," &amp;c. This has also a variety of curious cuts, and
+  both have engraved emblematical titles, the latter bearing on its face
+  "G. Glover fecit."</p>
+
+  <p>When book-rarities were in more request, these were costly little
+  volumes; and I shall be glad if any of your correspondents can direct me
+  where to find any notice of Robert Fairlie, the author of two of the most
+  interesting of the emblematical series.</p>
+
+  <p class="author">J. O.
+
+<hr class="full" >
+
+<h3>PHOTOGRAPHIC CORRESPONDENCE.</h3>
+
+<div class="note">
+  <p>[The following paper, which has been kindly communicated to us by
+  <span class="sc">Mr. Pollock</span> at the request of <span
+  class="sc">Dr. Diamond</span>, describes a process which deserves the
+  especial attention of our photographic friends, for the beauty and
+  uniformity of its results.]</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<h3>MR. POLLOCK'S DIRECTIONS FOR OBTAINING POSITIVE
+PHOTOGRAPHS UPON ALBUMENISED PAPER.</h3>
+
+  <p><i>The paper</i> should be carefully chosen, by holding up every sheet
+  to the light, and only those sheets which are homogeneous in appearance
+  and free from spots should be kept for use.</p>
+
+  <p><i>The albumen</i> should be obtained from new-laid hens' eggs;
+  twenty-four is a convenient number to use at a time: these will yield
+  twenty-four ounces of albumen, to which should be added six ounces of
+  distilled writer (making thirty ounces in all) and four per cent. of
+  chloride of ammonium, viz. one ounce and a quarter.</p>
+
+  <p>The albumen water and chloride should be whipped with a silver fork
+  for several minutes, and then put into a narrow tall jar, and allowed to
+  stand for not less than two days (forty-eight hours). In cool weather it
+  will keep well for eight days, at the end of which time the upper half of
+  the albumen is to be poured off into a shallow vessel, rather larger than
+  the sheets of paper intended to be albumenised.</p>
+
+  <p><i>To put the Albumen on the Paper.</i>&mdash;Take a sheet by two
+  opposite corners; turn one up; place the sheet boldly on the albumen, the
+  centre first coming in contact with the albumen; lower the corners of the
+  paper, gradually carefully excluding, the air. Let the sheet so placed
+  remain four minutes: then take it by the turned up corner, and rip it
+  from the albumen quickly, so as to carry up a quantity of the albumen
+  with it. Let it drain for a minute or two, moving it so as not to allow
+  the albumen to run in streaks; pin it to a piece of tape; and, when dry,
+  pass a very hot iron over the back. This ends the albumenising
+  process.</p>
+
+  <p><i>To make the Paper sensitive.</i>&mdash;Place the albumenised side
+  downwards, for four minutes, on the surface of a solution of nitrate of
+  silver, of the strength of ninety grains to the ounce of distilled water;
+  pin it up by one corner to dry, and keep it between pieces of
+  blotting-paper. This must be done by yellow light, or the light of a
+  candle.</p>
+
+  <p><i>To print from the Negative.</i>&mdash;The simplest apparatus to
+  have is a number of pieces of plate-glass a quarter of an inch thick,
+  colourless, about twelve inches by ten in size.</p>
+
+  <p>The sensitive paper is to be placed on one of the plates of glass,
+  sensitive side upwards, and the negative is to be placed firmly upon it,
+  collodion side downwards; and a second glass plate is then to be placed
+  on the negative, and the whole arrangement exposed to the light. The time
+  for exposure is from three minutes to an hour. With a little practice the
+  negative can be lifted up, and the positive viewed front time to time,
+  without any risk of displacement.</p>
+
+  <p>The best rule is to print the lightest shade on the positive very
+  decidedly darker than it would be wished that it should remain
+  permanently.</p>
+
+  <p><i>To fix the Positive.</i>&mdash;On removing it from the pressure
+  frame, place it in a bath made as follows:</p>
+
+
+<table class="nob" summary="Recipe." title="Recipe.">
+  <tr>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p>Water</p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p>6 oz.</p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p>Hyposulphite of soda</p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p>1 oz.</p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p>Nitrate of silver solution, 50 grs. to oz.</p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p>15 minims.</p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p>Iodide of silver, dissolved in a saturated   solution of hypo.</p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p>10 minims.</p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p>Chloride of gold</p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p>2 grains.</p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p>Chloride of silver (blackened by light)</p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p> 5 grains.</p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p>Acetic acid</p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p>2 drops.</p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+</table>
+
+  <p>Mix these: let them stand some hours; and filter before use. If the
+  chloride of silver is omitted, the bath will do very well, but will very
+  much improve with age, as it will acquire chloride of silver from the
+  positives placed in it. <!-- Page 582 --><span class="pagenum"><a
+  name="page582"></a>{582}</span></p>
+
+  <p>The time to leave the positive in the fixing bath varies from one hour
+  to twelve. To get good black and white tints, the average time is five or
+  six hours. When the desired tint is obtained, remove it into a bath
+  composed of</p>
+
+  <div class="poem">
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p>Water      6 oz.</p>
+      <p>Hypo.      1 oz.</p>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+  <p>Leave in this for half an hour, and then keep it in running water for
+  several hours. If the water is hot, the time of soaking may be lessened:
+  boiling water is objectionable. Nearly dry the positive between sheets of
+  clean blotting-paper, and finish it by passing a very hot iron over
+  it.</p>
+
+  <p><i>General Remarks.</i>&mdash;The albumenised paper will keep any
+  length of time in a dry place.</p>
+
+  <p>When made sensitive, as directed, it will keep three days, always
+  supposing that it is both prepared and kept most carefully excluded from
+  white light. If, instead of a solution of nitrate of silver of ninety
+  grains to the ounce, a weaker one be used, to make the paper sensitive,
+  it will keep when sensitive a much longer time,&mdash;with a thirty-grain
+  solution, a fortnight, or sometimes even a month; but then it does not
+  give a positive of the same force and tone as that obtained with the
+  stronger solution.</p>
+
+  <p>After the fixing bath has done its day's work, it should be poured
+  back into the bottle from which it came, and the bottle be filled up from
+  the finishing bath; and so the bath is kept always of the same quantity;
+  and by adding from time to time chloride of gold, it is kept of the same
+  quality.</p>
+
+  <p>The nitrate of silver and chloride of silver will never have to be
+  renewed. The iodide of silver should be added as at first, viz. ten drops
+  for about every two hundred positives fixed; and the acetic acid, viz.
+  two drops for about every four hundred.</p>
+
+  <p>In a bath of twenty-four ounces, as many as thirty positives, five
+  inches by four, may be placed at one time: but the dark tints will then
+  appear very slowly and gradually.</p>
+
+  <p>To insure a good positive, next to having a good negative, it is most
+  important to print of the right depth, neither too much nor too little.
+  Great attention should be paid to this: for the finest tints are only to
+  be obtained in positives exposed exactly the right time.</p>
+
+  <p>Positives printed in a bright sun quickly are always better than those
+  obtained by longer exposure without sun.</p>
+
+  <p class="author">H. P.
+
+  <p class="address">21. Maddox Street, Regent Street.
+
+  <p><i>Test for Lenses.</i>&mdash;In applying the methods recommended in
+  your last Number for the purpose of testing lenses, there is one
+  precaution absolutely necessary to be taken, but which all your
+  correspondents have omitted to point out. The operator must take care
+  that his <i>focussing-glass</i> is placed at precisely the same distance
+  from the lens as the <i>collodionised</i> glass is. To insure this, my
+  practice is to place a piece of ground glass in the dark frame, which is
+  afterwards to receive the collodionised glass, and to obtain the focus of
+  the lens on that; then to put in the proposed plate, and obtain an
+  impression as described by <span class="sc">Mr. Shadbolt</span>. In this
+  way I secure myself from what I believe is often a source of fallacy in
+  these experiments, and am sure that I give the lens a fair trial.</p>
+
+  <p class="author">E. S.
+
+  <p><i>Washing Collodion Pictures.</i>&mdash;I have never offered to your
+  readers an opinion in photography without having <i>bonâ fide</i> tested
+  it, to the best of my ability; and however correct my friend <span
+  class="sc">Mr. Shadbolt</span> may be, chemically and theoretically, I am
+  convinced that in practice so good a tone is never obtained in a positive
+  collodion picture which has been washed, as in one which has been
+  instantly fixed with the old saturated solution of hyposulphite of soda.
+  The unpleasant tints obtained upon positive collodion pictures, I believe
+  to be much dependent upon the frequent washings in the proofs. When a
+  collodion picture is properly treated, it surpasses in pleasing effect
+  every other photograph.</p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">H. W. Diamond</span>.
+
+<hr class="full" >
+
+<h2>Replies to Minor Queries.</h2>
+
+  <p><i>Cremonas</i> (Vol. vii., p. 501.).&mdash;A discriminative account
+  of the violins and basses by the great Italian makers, showing, in every
+  ascertainable instance, the date of manufacture, and thereby forming to
+  some extent a chronological catalogue, as it were, of the works of each
+  master, would be, indeed, a curious and interesting achievement. Such a
+  task, involving much consultation of books and examination of
+  instruments, calls for sounder eye-sight and larger opportunities than
+  are possessed by me; but I shall rejoice if the desire expressed by your
+  correspondent H.&nbsp;C.&nbsp;K. shall be found to have stirred up some competent
+  investigator. Time and accident are gradually attaching, to the fine
+  instruments in question, a kind of <i>sibylline</i> intensity of value;
+  and the inquiry, if omitted now, may become impossible hereafter. Let us
+  not fear, however, that those "cunning'st patterns of excelling art," the
+  Amati, Stradivari, and Guarneri fiddles, will eventually perish without
+  worthy issue, and "die, and leave the world no copy." Provision to the
+  contrary, it seems, has already been made; Monsieur Vuillaume "has ta'en
+  order for't," that is to say, <i>if</i> his instruments, which at present
+  look very like faithful fac-similes of the renowned classic prototypes,
+  shall verify the confident predictions of their admirers, by continuing
+  to stand the test of time.</p>
+
+  <p>My authority for 1664 as the date of birth of Antonio Stradivari, is a
+  living Belgian writer, Monsieur Fétis, who has not stated from whence
+  <!-- Page 583 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page583"></a>{583}</span>
+  he has adopted it. I find that the Paris <i>Biographie Universelle</i>
+  gives no fixed date, but only a conjectural one, <i>about</i> 1670, so
+  that 1664 <i>may</i> possibly be right.</p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">G. Dubourg</span>.
+
+  <p class="address">Brighton.
+
+  <p><i>James Chaloner</i> (Vol. vii., p. 334.).&mdash;<span class="sc">Mr.
+  Hughes</span> is mistaken in imagining that James Chaloner the
+  herald-painter was the same person as James Chaloner, Governor of the
+  Isle of Man, and one of the judges of Charles I. He will find the error
+  exposed by Chalmers (<i>Biog. Dict.</i>, <span class="sc">Jas</span>.
+  C.), and in my family, as descendants of the latter James Chaloner, there
+  are among his papers many which prove the governor to have been (as <span
+  class="sc">Mr. Hughes</span> doubts) the son of Sir Thomas Chaloner of
+  Gisborough.</p>
+
+  <p>Should any farther doubts remain on the subject, I shall be happy to
+  give all information required concerning these papers, among which are
+  the original commission of governor and captain, signed by Lenthal, and
+  twenty-one letters from Lord Fairfax to his "dear cousin James Chaloner."
+  The son of Sir Thomas Chaloner married Ursula Fairfax. It may be presumed
+  the herald-painter did not stand in the same relationship to the
+  Parliamentary general. Lord Fairfax thanks his correspondent for a copy
+  of "his" <i>History of the Isle of Man</i>.</p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">Ursula</span>.
+
+  <p><i>Irish Convocation</i> (Vol. vi., p. 317.; Vol. vii., p.
+  345.).&mdash;In vol. i. of <i>Letters written by the late Jonathan Swift,
+  D.D., Dean of St. Patrick's, Dublin, and several of his Friends, from the
+  Year 1703 to 1740, &amp;c., with Notes, by John Hawkesworth, LL.D.</i>:
+  London, 1766,&mdash;will be found some account of the Irish Convocation
+  in 1711. See Archbishop King's Letters at pp. 110, 111. 122, 123. 132,
+  133. 140, 141.</p>
+
+  <p class="author">J. K.
+
+  <p><i>St. Paul's Epistle to Seneca</i> (Vol. vii., p. 500.).&mdash;It is
+  not manifest whether J.&nbsp;M.&nbsp;S. wishes for information simply respecting
+  the MS. in Merton College, or whether his inquiry really relates to the
+  <i>printing</i> of the fourteen spurious epistles, eight of which are
+  ascribed to Seneca, and six to St. Paul.</p>
+
+  <p>If your correspondent is curious about the particular MS. he mentions,
+  which is a very old one, and was the gift of William Reade, Bishop of
+  Chichester (who had been a Fellow of Merton) about the year 1370, he may
+  consult the <i>Catal. Lib. MSS. Ang. et Hib.</i>, part. ii. p. 23., Oxon.
+  1697; and should he desire to peruse the fictitious Epistles, he may
+  easily discover them in the <i>Bibliotheca Sancta</i> of Sixtus Senensis,
+  lib. ii. pp. 102-104. Francof. 1575, or in Fabricii <i>Cod. Apoc. Nov.
+  Test.</i>, ii. 892-904. Jacobus Faber Stapulensis has inserted them in
+  the handsome volume of his <i>Commentaries on the Epistles of St.
+  Paul</i>. (Fol. clxxvi.-clxxix.: Paris, 1517.) I find them also annexed
+  to the <i>Epistole Francisci Philelphi</i>, 4to., Hagenau, 1514. So far
+  as I can perceive, it does not appear that the correspondence in question
+  was published amongst any of the works of Seneca earlier than the year
+  1475; and it is commonly omitted in later editions. (Fabr., <i>Bib.
+  Lat.</i>, i. 429.: Venet. 1728.) Vid. Raynaudi <i>Erotemata</i>, p. 119.:
+  Lugd. 1653.; Nicolai Antonii <i>Biblioth. Hisp. vetus</i>, tom. i. pp.
+  39, 40.: Matriti, 1788.</p>
+
+  <p class="author">R. G.
+
+  <p><i>Captain Ayloff</i> (Vol. vii., p. 429.).&mdash;I possess a small
+  volume (a 12mo.) by "Captain Ayloffe," with a title-page as follows:</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1">
+
+  <p>"A Pocket Companion for Gentlemen and Ladies; being a true and
+  faithful Epitomy of the most exact and ample Histories of <i>England</i>;
+  containing all the material Particulars in every reign of the
+  <i>English</i> Monarchs, from Egbert to her present Majesty, being 884
+  years. With forty-nine Copper plates curiously engraved, being the
+  effigies of every Monarch. London, printed by J. Nutt, near Stationers'
+  Hall, 1703."</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p>It is dedicated "To the Honourable Col. Archibald Row, Colonel of the
+  Royal Regiment of Scots Fuzileers," and signed "W. Ayloffe." Then follows
+  an introduction of six pages.</p>
+
+  <p>Should the above be useful to <span class="sc">Mr. Sternberg</span>, I
+  shall feel pleasure in having made the communication by means of the
+  useful and intelligent publication of "N. &amp; Q."</p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">Goddard Johnson</span>.
+
+  <p><i>Plan of London</i> (Vol. vii., p. 382.).&mdash;L.&nbsp;S.&nbsp;W. asks
+  whether there is a good plan of London, and answers his Query thus,
+  <i>None</i>. I beg to differ from him, believing that no city in the
+  world possesses so good a plan as that lately made under the late
+  Commissioners of Sewers. It is true I and my tenants have paid very
+  dearly for it, but having examined both the reduced plan and block plan
+  very carefully, am compelled to admit their accuracy. It is published in
+  sheets at two shillings each; size, three feet by two feet; scale of
+  <i>block plan</i>, five feet to one mile; <i>reduced plan</i>, one foot
+  to one mile. On each plan accurate levels of every place is given. An
+  index-map, price threepence, is also published.</p>
+
+  <p class="author">A. P.
+
+  <p class="address">Canonbury.
+
+  <p><i>Syriac Scriptures</i> (Vol. vii., p. 479.).&mdash;The editions of
+  the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, preceding the Bible Society's
+  edition, are,&mdash;</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1">
+
+  <p>1. Nov. Testam. Syriac. et Arabic. Romæ, typis Sacr. Cong. de prop.
+  Fide, 1703, fol.</p>
+
+  <p>2. Nov. D. N. Jesu Christi Test. Syriac. cum versione Latiná, currâ et
+  studio Joh. Leusden et Caroli Schaaf. Secunda editio à mendis purgata.
+  Lugduni. Bat. Typ. Jo. Mulleri. John. fil. apud Vid. et fil. Cornel.
+  Boutesteyn, Samuelem Luchtmans, 1717, 4to.</p>
+
+  <p>3. Biblia Sacra quadrilinguia N.&nbsp;T. Græci, cum versione Syriacâ, Græcâ
+  vulgari, Latinâ, et Germanicâ, accurante M. Christ. Reineccio, Lips.
+  1713, fol.</p>
+
+  <p>4. Psalter, by John. Aug. Dathe, 1768.</p>
+
+<p><!-- Page 584 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page584"></a>{584}</span></p>
+
+  <p>5. Sacrorum evangeliorum versio Syriaca Pholoxeniana ex codd. MSS.
+  Ridleianis, nunc primum edita cum interpretatione et annotationibus
+  Josephi White. Oxon. 1778.</p>
+
+  <p>6. Pentateuchus Syriace. Ex Polyglottis Anglicanis summa fide edidit
+  M. Georgius Guil. Kirsch. Gymnasii quod Hofæ est, in Principatu Baruthino
+  Rector. Hofæ et Lipsiæ ap. A. Fr. B&oelig;hm, 1787, 4to.</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p>An elaborate criticism on No. 5. (the Oxford edit.) appears in
+  Eichhorn's <i>Repertorium</i>, vol. vii. p. 1., by D. Gottlob Christian
+  Storr.</p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">T. J. Buckton</span>.
+
+  <p class="address">Birmingham.
+
+  <p><i>Meaning of "Worth"</i> (Vol. v., p. 509.).&mdash;As this suffix
+  enters into the composition of many of our English surnames, particularly
+  in the northern counties, <span class="sc">Mr. Lower</span> (and probably
+  your readers in general) will be glad to have the explanation of an able
+  Anglo-Saxon scholar and antiquary, the late lamented Mr. John Just of
+  this town, whose merits as a philosopher and etymologist were highly
+  appreciated by the learned societies in this district. It occurs in a
+  paper read at a chapter of the Rosicrucians in Manchester a few months
+  since:</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1">
+
+  <p>"<span class="sc">Worth</span>.&mdash;<i>Weorthe</i>, Anglo-Saxon, a
+  field, &amp;c. <i>Worth</i> means land, close, or farm. It does not
+  necessarily imply any residence, although thereon might be a hall or
+  mansion. It likewise sometimes means nothing more than road or public
+  way. Hence it is connected with the names of many places on our old
+  roads, as Ainsworth, Edgeworth, on the Roman military road to the north;
+  Failsworth, Saddleworth, on the Roman military road from Manchester to
+  York; Unsworth, Pilsworth, on the old road between Bury and Manchester;
+  also Ashworth, Whitworth, Butterworth, on old roads, and connected with
+  old places, near Rochdale. Whether originally land, closes, or farms,
+  <i>worths</i> were acquired properties. The old expression of 'What is he
+  worth?' in those days meant, 'Has he land? Possesses he real property?'
+  If he had secured a <i>worth</i> to himself, he was called a
+  <i>worthy</i> person, and in consequence had <i>worship</i>, <i>i.&nbsp;e.</i>
+  due respect shown him. A <i>worth</i> was the reward of the free; and
+  perchance the fundamentals of English freedom were primarily connected
+  with such apparently trivial matters, and produced such a race of
+  <i>worthies</i> as the proud Greeks and haughty Romans might not be
+  ashamed of. <i>Worth</i> is pure Anglo-Saxon. The Scandinavians applied
+  it not in their intercourse with our island."</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">Broctuna</span>.
+
+  <p class="address">Bury, Lancashire.
+
+  <p><i>Khond Fable</i> (Vol. vii., p. 452.).&mdash;This fable is clearly
+  from Lokman, of which the following is Hélot's translation:</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1">
+
+  <p>"Une moustique se posa un jour sur la corne d'un taureau, et, pensant
+  qu'elle pouvait être trop lourde pour lui, elle lui dit: 'Si je te suis à
+  charge, fais-le-moi savoir afin que je m'envole.' Le taureau lui
+  répondit: 'Je ne t'ai point sentie au moment où tu es descendue, je ne
+  saurai pas davantage quand tu t'envoleras.' Cette fable regarde celui qui
+  cherche à s'attribuer de l'honneur et de la gloire tandis qu'il est
+  faible et méprisable."</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p>The sense of the Bull's reply in Arabic seems to be:</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1">
+
+  <p>"O you, whatever you are [<i>Ya hadi</i>], I did not know when you
+  descended, nor shall I know when you take yourself off
+  [<i>Taterin</i>]."</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p>A pointed reply, leaving the mosquito one horn of the dilemma.</p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">T. J. Buckton</span>.
+
+  <p class="address">Birmingham.
+
+  <p>The following lines by Prior immediately occurred to my mind on
+  perusing J.&nbsp;C.&nbsp;R.'s interesting note. The points of resemblance between
+  the two fables are somewhat striking:</p>
+
+  <div class="poem">
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p class="hg3">"'Say, sire of insects, mighty Sol!'</p>
+      <p>A fly on the chariot pole cried out,</p>
+      <p class="i2">'What blue-bottle alive</p>
+      <p>Did ever with such fury drive?'</p>
+    </div>
+
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p class="hg3">"'Tell, Beelzebub, great father, tell!'</p>
+      <p>Says t'other, perch'd upon the wheel,</p>
+      <p class="hg1">'Did ever any mortal fly</p>
+      <p>Raise such a cloud of dust as I?'"</p>
+    </div>
+
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p class="i6">MORAL.</p>
+    </div>
+
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p class="hg3">"<i>My</i> judgment turn'd the whole debate!</p>
+      <p><i>My</i> valour saved the sinking state!"</p>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">Cowgill</span>.
+
+  <p>This fable is found in the collection assigned to Babrius. It is the
+  eighty-fourth in the excellent edition of these fables by Mr. G.
+  Cornewall Lewis: Oxford, 1846.</p>
+
+  <p class="author">W. H. G.
+
+  <p class="address">Winchester.
+
+  <p><i>Collar of SS.</i> (Vols. iv. <i>and</i> v.,
+  <i>passim</i>).&mdash;In the discussion on the subject of the collar of
+  SS., in the columns of "N. &amp; Q.," I find no mention of an incidental
+  observation of Thomas Fuller, which occurs in the notice of John Gower,
+  the poet, in the Worthies of Yorkshire, and is deserving of some
+  notice:</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1">
+
+  <p>"Another author (Stow) unknighteth him, allowing him only a plain
+  esquire, though in my apprehension the collar of SSS. about his neck
+  speaketh him to be more. Besides (with submission to better judgments)
+  that collar hath rather a civil than a military relation, proper to
+  persons in place of judicature; which makes me guess this Gower some
+  judge in his old age, well consisting with his original education."</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p><span class="sc">Mr. Foss</span>, I see, mentions (Vol. iv., p. 147.)
+  the existence of the collar on the poet's monument, and suggests that he
+  might have worn it as a court poet.</p>
+
+  <p class="author">H. C. K.
+
+  <p class="address">&mdash;&mdash; Rectory, Hereford.
+
+  <p><i>Chaucer's Knowledge of Italian</i> (Vol. vii., p. 517.).&mdash;To
+  the proofs that Chaucer was well acquainted with Italian literature,
+  brought forward in "N. &amp; Q." by J.&nbsp;M.&nbsp;B., it may seem <!-- Page 585
+  --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page585"></a>{585}</span> unnecessary
+  to add any more. Yet, if it were only for the purpose of recalling your
+  readers' attention to the elegant and instructive <i>Dissertation on the
+  State of English Poetry before the Sixteenth Century</i>, by the late Dr.
+  Nott, of All Souls' College, will you permit me to adduce that learned
+  writer's authority, in opposition to the opinion of Sir Harris Nicolas,
+  that Chaucer was not versed in Italian literature? Dr. Nott's
+  Dissertation is entombed in the two quarto volumes of his edition of the
+  <i>Works of Surrey and Wyatt</i> (London, 1815); and it is much to be
+  wished that it were reprinted in a separate and more accessible form.</p>
+
+  <p class="author">J. M.
+
+  <p class="address">Oxford.
+
+  <p><i>Pic Nic</i> (Vol. vii., p. 387.).&mdash;The following extract from
+  an Italian newspaper raises a considerable presumption that this word is
+  not now considered in Italy as an Italian one; the date is Sept.
+  1841.</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1">
+
+  <p>"Se qualche delirante vi ha dato ad intendere che i Bagni di Lucca
+  sono il soggiorno prediletto dell' Italiano, ci vi ha detto una solenne
+  bugia.</p>
+
+  <p>"I Bagni di Lucca appartengono, come tant' altre cose in Italia,
+  esclusivamente allo straniero."</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p>Then follows a description of the numerous English arrivals, while the
+  Italian&mdash;</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1">
+
+  <p>"Spera di rinvenir sulle alture di que' colli un piè di patria tutto
+  per lui, e ascende i sentieri ornati di bosco. Ma abbassando gli occhi ci
+  s' accorge che non è solo. Un' <i>Amatore</i> a cui forse l' ignobile
+  itinerario della <i>Starke</i> ha rivelate quella sublime veduta, sta
+  colassu scarabocchiando uno sbozzo pell' Album del suo <i>drawing
+  room</i>. Più lunge, povero Italiano! più lunge! Ecco la scena si cambia
+  ... i sentieri divengono più ardui ... in fondo, mezzo nascosto dal fitto
+  fogliame apparisce ... un casolare; un villano lo invita ad entrare ... e
+  gli parla in Inglese, in Francese, ed in Tedesco!... ci s' allontana
+  impazientito, e corre più lunge!... I castagni divengono rari.... Aride
+  roccie annunziano il vertice dell' Apennin. Ancora una breve salita, e
+  poi ci sarà sul più alto pinacolo del Prato Fiorite. Ma al piè del
+  viattolo è un inciampo! e l'occhio sconfortato scorge la livrea di un
+  <i>groom</i> e da un lato una sentimentale <i>Lady</i>, che si è
+  arrampiccata più lassa e prosaicamente seduta sulla sua sedia portatile
+  sta scrivendo una lettera sopra un foglio a vignetta. L' Italiano
+  continua ad ascendere ... e giunte alla vetta ... all' amplissima libera
+  vista, il cuore dell' Italiano batte più forte ... la mente s' esalta, e
+  i più energici pensieri vi bollono.... Ma gli occhi ritornano svegliati
+  dei passi dei Cavalli, appiè del ripiane s' affaccia una numerosa
+  comitiva ... è un <i>pique nique</i>! Fuggi fuggi mal capitate Italiano
+  la straniero l' inseque anco nel nido dell aguila!"</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p>Here the "pique nique" is evidently the climax of all that is
+  "straniero."</p>
+
+  <p class="author">K. E.
+
+  <p><i>Canker or Brier Rose</i> (Vol. vii, p. 500.).&mdash;I suspect that
+  this term refers to the beautiful mossy gall, so commonly seen on the
+  branches of the wild rose, which has been called the <i>bedeguar</i> of
+  the rose. This is the production of a cynips; and, from its vivid tints
+  of crimson and green, might well pass at a short distance for a flower,
+  brilliant, but scentless. Hence Shakspeare's allusion:</p>
+
+  <div class="poem">
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p class="hg3">"The canker-blooms have full as deep a dye</p>
+      <p>As the perfumed tincture of the roses."</p>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">W. J. Bernhard Smith</span>.
+
+  <p class="address">Temple.
+
+  <p><i>Cancre</i> and <i>crabe</i> in French are synonymous, meaning the
+  same; Anglicè, crab (<i>fish</i>).</p>
+
+  <p>Now, we have crab-tree, a wild apple-tree; a canker rose, a wild rose;
+  dog rose, dog-violet, horse leech, horse chestnut. In all these cases the
+  prefix denotes inferiority of species.</p>
+
+  <p class="author">H. F. B.
+
+  <p><i>Door-head Inscriptions</i> (Vol. vii., pp. 23. 190.)&mdash;In
+  Watson's <i>History of Halifax</i> (1775, 4to., p. 257.), in describing
+  the High Sunderland, an ancient mansion near Halifax, formerly the
+  residence of the Sunderlands, he notices that "over the north door is
+  written, <i>Ne subeat Glis serdus</i>, a mistake for <i>surdus</i>; and
+  over a door on the south side, <i>Ne entret amicus hirudo</i>."</p>
+
+  <p>As some of your correspondents doubt as to the proper reading I have
+  thought it worth while to give this duplicate version. I recollect the
+  inscription well, having been sorely puzzled, when a schoolboy, in my
+  frequent walks to High Sunderland, to understand these two inscriptions.
+  I must not omit the inscription on the south front:</p>
+
+  <div class="poem">
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p class="hg3">"Omnipotens faxet, stirps Sunderlandia sedes</p>
+      <p>Incolet has placide, et tueatur jura parentum,</p>
+      <p>Lite vacans, donec fluctus formica marinos</p>
+      <p>Ebibat et totum testudo perambulet orbem!"</p>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+  <p>The commentary of the worthy historian is edifying:</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1">
+
+  <p>"The writer of these, or his son, alienated this very estate, which
+  the then owner so earnestly wished might continue in the family for
+  ever!"</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">James Crossley</span>.
+
+  <p>On the portico of Arley Hall, the seat of the ancient family of
+  Warburton, and about four miles from the town of Northwich, Cheshire, the
+  following "free pass" to visitors appears, carved in stone:</p>
+
+  <div class="poem">
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p class="hg3">"This gate is free to all men, good and true;</p>
+      <p>Right welcome thou, if worthy to pass through."</p>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">T. Hughes</span>.
+
+  <p class="address">Chester.
+
+  <p>"<i>Time and I</i>," &amp;c. (Vol. vii., p. 181.).&mdash;Who was the
+  author of this adage? Lord Mahon gives it as a favourite saying of
+  Mazarin (<i>History of England</i>, vol. ii. p. 100., small edition). Mr.
+  Stirling (<i>Cloister Life of Charles V.</i>, p. 151., 2nd edition) tells
+  us that it was a favourite adage of <!-- Page 586 --><span
+  class="pagenum"><a name="page586"></a>{586}</span> that temporising
+  monarch. Perhaps it was a well-known Spanish proverb.</p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">Cheverells</span>.
+
+  <p><i>Lowbell</i> (Vol. vii., p. 181.).&mdash;The inclosed was taken from
+  the <i>Northampton Herald</i> of the 16th April, 1853:</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1">
+
+  <p>"On Monday last this village was thrown into a state of great
+  excitement by the tidings that a married labourer, named Samuel Peckover,
+  had taken poison, with the intent of destroying himself. This was found
+  to be the case. He had swallowed a dose of mercury, such as is commonly
+  used for sheep, and, but for the timely arrival of Mr. Jones, surgeon,
+  from Brackley, who administered him a powerful antidote, he would have
+  expired within a short time. The circumstance which led the misguided man
+  to attempt this rash act was as follows:&mdash;Although a married man,
+  and wedded to a very respectable woman, he had seduced a young female of
+  the village, named Adelaide Hirons, who was delivered of a female child
+  on Saturday last. This disgraceful affair, of course, had become known to
+  the neighbours, who expressed great indignation at his most disreputable
+  conduct, and they in consequence determined to put him to open shame by
+  'lowbelling' him in front of his cottage in the evening, when all the old
+  pots and kettles in the village were put in requisition, and a continual
+  discord was kept up for two or three hours, by way of administering him a
+  wholesome punishment for his breaking the marriage vows. It is supposed
+  that the fear of this impending disgrace, and also remorse for his crime,
+  were the cause of his thus attempting to make away with himself, and to
+  rush unprepared and unpardoned into the presence of his Maker!"</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">F. James</span>.
+
+  <p><i>Overseers of Wills</i> (Vol. vii., p. 500.).&mdash;J.&nbsp;K. will find
+  what he seeks about, overseers and supervisors of wills, in Burn's
+  <i>Ecclesiastical Law</i>.</p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">F. O. Martin</span>.
+
+  <p><i>Detached Belfry Towers</i> (Vol. vii., pp. 333. 416. 465.).&mdash;I
+  have also to inform you that the tower of Terrington St. Clement's
+  Church, about five miles from Kings Lynn, is detached from the
+  church.</p>
+
+  <p class="author">J. N. C.
+
+  <p>King's Lynn.</p>
+
+  <p>To the list of churches having detached towers may be added the church
+  of Chittlehampton, near South Molton, Devon. It is several years since I
+  last visited the spot, but I have a distinct recollection of the
+  fact.</p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">J. Sansom</span>.
+
+  <p>Amongst your list of towers separate from the church, I think you have
+  not mentioned Westbury on Severn, near Gloucester.</p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">H. H. Gibbs</span>.
+
+  <p>Add to your list of Detached Church Towers, the magnificent Norman
+  tower at Bury St. Edmunds in Suffolk.</p>
+
+  <p class="author">J. B.
+
+  <p><i>Vincent Family</i> (Vol. vii., p. 501.).&mdash;The representative
+  of Augustine Vincent is Thomas Wentworth Edmunds of Worsbro', W.
+  Barnsley, in the county of York, the son of the late Wm. Bennet Martin of
+  the same place, Esq., who has assumed the name of his great-uncle,
+  Francis Offley Edmunds. There is a memoir of Augustine Vincent, by Mr.
+  Hunter, published, I believe, by Pickering, Piccadilly, which shows the
+  descent, and may perhaps throw light on Francis Vincent. The name, I
+  believe, is still common at Finedon in Northamptonshire.</p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">F. O. Martin</span>.
+
+  <p class="address">Stoudon Place, Brentwood.
+
+  <p><i>Pronunciation of "Coke"</i> (Vol. vi., p. 16.).&mdash;In a list of
+  books "printed and sold by Richard Chiswell," at the end of a copy of
+  Cave's <i>Lives of the Fathers</i>, 1683, in my possession, the following
+  occurs among the folios: "Lord Cook's <i>Reports</i> in English." This is
+  exactly fifty years after his death.</p>
+
+  <p class="author">H. C. K.
+
+<hr class="full" >
+
+<h2>Miscellaneous.</h2>
+
+<h3>BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES WANTED TO PURCHASE.</h3>
+
+  <p><span class="sc">Sanders' History of Shenstone in
+  Staffordshire</span>. J. Nichols, London. 1794. Two Copies.</p>
+
+  <p><span class="sc">The Author's Printing and Publishing
+  Assistant</span>. Lond. 1840. 12mo.</p>
+
+  <p><span class="sc">Lombardi (Petri) Sententiarum</span>, Lib. IV. Any
+  good edition.</p>
+
+  <p><span class="sc">Walker's Latin Particles</span>.</p>
+
+  <p><span class="sc">Herbert's Carolina Threnodia</span>. 8vo. 1702.</p>
+
+  <p><span class="sc">Theobald's Shakspeare Restored</span>. 4to. 1726.</p>
+
+  <p><span class="sc">Scott, Remarks on the best Writings of the best
+  Authors</span> (or some such title).</p>
+
+  <p><span class="sc">Sermons by the Rev. Robert Wake</span>, M.A. 1704,
+  1712, &amp;c.</p>
+
+  <p><span class="sc">History of Ancient Wilts, by Sir R.&nbsp;C. Hoare</span>.
+  The last three Parts.</p>
+
+  <p><span class="sc">Rev A. Dyce's Edition of Dr. Richard Bentley's
+  Works</span>. Vol. III. Published by Francis Macpherson, Middle Row,
+  Holborn. 1836.</p>
+
+  <p><span class="sc">Dissertation on Isaiah XVIII., in a Letter to Edward
+  King, Esq., by Samuel Lord Bishop of Rochester</span> (<span
+  class="sc">Horsley</span>). The Quarto Edition, printed for Robson.
+  1779.</p>
+
+  <p><span class="sc">Ben Jonson's Works</span>. 9 Vols. 8vo. Vols. II.,
+  III., IV. Bds.</p>
+
+  <p><span class="sc">Sir Walter Scott's Novels</span>. 41 Vols. 8vo. The
+  last nine Vols. Boards.</p>
+
+  <p>*** <i>Correspondents sending Lists Of Books wanted are requested to
+  send their names.</i></p>
+
+  <p>*** Letters, stating particulars and lowest price, <i>carriage
+  free</i>, to be sent to <span class="sc">Mr. Bell</span>, Publisher of
+  "NOTES AND QUERIES," 186. Fleet Street.</p>
+
+<hr class="full" >
+
+<h3>Notices to Correspondents.</h3>
+
+  <p><i>The number of Replies waiting for insertion has obliged us to omit
+  our usual</i> <span class="sc">Notes on Books</span>, <i>and many</i>
+  <span class="sc">Notices to Correspondents</span>.</p>
+
+  <p><span class="sc">Query</span>. <i>The quotation</i></p>
+
+  <div class="poem">
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p class="hg3">"Heu quanto minus reliquis versari," <i>&amp;c.</i></p>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+  <p><i>is from Shenstone's Epitaph on Miss Dolman. See</i> "N. &amp; Q."
+  Vol. iv., p. 73.</p>
+
+  <p>F. B. <i>The etymology of</i> Apron <i>is very doubtful. Minshew and
+  others derive it from</i> afore one; <i>while Todd again derives it from
+  the French</i> napperon.</p>
+
+  <p><span class="sc">Tom Tell Truth</span> <i>is thanked. There cannot be
+  two opinions on the subject of his communication.</i></p>
+
+  <p><i>A few complete sets of</i> "<span class="sc">Notes and
+  Queries</span>," Vols. i. <i>to</i> vi., <i>price Three Guineas, may now
+  be had; for which early application is desirable.</i></p>
+
+  <p>"<span class="sc">Notes and Queries</span>" <i>is published at noon on
+  Friday, so that the Country Booksellers may receive Copies in that
+  night's parcels, and deliver them to their Subscribers on the
+  Saturday.</i> <!-- Page 587 --><span class="pagenum"><a
+  name="page587"></a>{587}</span></p>
+
+<hr class="full" >
+
+  <p><b>PHOTOGRAPHIC APPARATUS MANUFACTORY</b>, Charlotte Terrace,
+  Barnsbury Road, Islington.</p>
+
+  <p>T. OTTEWILL (from Horne &amp; Co.'s) begs most respectfully to call
+  the attention of Gentlemen, Tourists, and Photographers, to the
+  superiority of his newly registered DOUBLE-BODIED FOLDING CAMERAS,
+  possessing the efficiency and easy adjustment of the Sliding Camera, with
+  the portability and convenience of the Folding Ditto.</p>
+
+  <p>Every description of Apparatus to order.</p>
+
+<hr class="full" >
+
+  <p><b>PHOTOGRAPHY.&mdash;HORNE &amp; CO.'S</b> Iodized Collodion, for
+  obtaining Instantaneous Views, and Portraits in from three to thirty
+  seconds, according to light.</p>
+
+  <p>Portraits obtained by the above, for delicacy of detail rival the
+  choicest Daguerreotypes, specimens of which may be seen at their
+  Establishment.</p>
+
+  <p>Also every description of Apparatus, Chemicals, &amp;c. &amp;c. used
+  in this beautiful Art.&mdash;123. and 121. Newgate Street.</p>
+
+<hr class="full" >
+
+  <p><b>PHOTOGRAPHY.</b>&mdash;Collodion (Iodized with the Ammonio-Iodide
+  of Silver). J.&nbsp;B. HOCKIN &amp; CO., Chemists, 289. Strand, were the first
+  in England who published the application of this agent (see
+  <i>Athenæum</i>, Aug. 14th). Their Collodion (price 9<i>d.</i> per oz.)
+  retains its extraordinary sensitiveness, tenacity, and colour unimpaired
+  for months; it may be exported to any climate, and the Iodizing Compound
+  mixed as required. J.&nbsp;B. HOCKIN &amp; CO. manufacture PURE CHEMICALS and
+  all APPARATUS with the latest Improvements adapted for all the
+  Photographic and Daguerreotype processes. Cameras for Developing in the
+  open Country. GLASS BATHS adapted to any Camera. Lenses from the best
+  Makers. Waxed and Iodized Papers, &amp;c.</p>
+
+<hr class="full" >
+
+<p class="cenhead">Just published, price 1<i>s.</i>, free by Post 1<i>s.</i> 4<i>d.</i>,</p>
+
+  <p><b>THE WAXED-PAPER PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESS</b> of GUSTAVE LE GRAY'S NEW
+  EDITION. Translated from the French.</p>
+
+  <p>Sole Agents in the United Kingdom for VOIGHTLANDER &amp; SON'S
+  celebrated Lenses for Portraits and Views.</p>
+
+  <p>General Depôt for Turner's, Whatman's, Canson Frères, La Croix, and
+  other Talbotype Papers.</p>
+
+  <p>Pure Photographic Chemicals.</p>
+
+  <p>Instructions and Specimens in every Branch of the Art.</p>
+
+  <p>GEORGE KNIGHT &amp; SONS, Foster Lane, London.</p>
+
+<hr class="full" >
+
+  <p><b>PHOTOGRAPHIC PAPER.</b>&mdash;Negative and Positive Papers of
+  Whatman's, Turner's, Sanford's, and Canson Frères' make. Waxed-Paper for
+  Le Gray's Process. Iodized and Sensitive Paper for every kind of
+  Photography.</p>
+
+  <p>Sold by JOHN SANFORD, Photographic Stationer, Aldine Chambers, 13.
+  Paternoster Row, London.</p>
+
+<hr class="full" >
+
+  <p><b>PHOTOGRAPHIC PICTURES.</b>&mdash;A Selection of the above beautiful
+  Productions (comprising Views in VENICE, PARIS, RUSSIA, NUBIA, &amp;c.)
+  may be seen at BLAND &amp; LONG'S, 153. Fleet Street, where may also be
+  procured Apparatus of every Description, and pure Chemicals for the
+  practice of Photography in all its Branches.</p>
+
+  <p>Calotype, Daguerreotype, and Glass Pictures for the Stereoscope.</p>
+
+  <p>*** Catalogues may be had on Application.</p>
+
+  <p>BLAND &amp; LONG, Opticians, Philosophical and Photographical
+  Instrument Makers, and Operative Chemists, 153. Fleet Street.</p>
+
+<hr class="full" >
+
+<h3>CLERICAL, MEDICAL, AND GENERAL
+LIFE ASSURANCE SOCIETY.</h3>
+
+<hr class="short" >
+
+<p class="cenhead">Established 1824.</p>
+
+<hr class="short" >
+
+  <p>FIVE BONUSES have been declared: at the last in January, 1852, the sum
+  of 131,125<i>l.</i> was added to the Policies, producing a Bonus varying
+  with the different ages from 24œ to 55 per cent. on the Premiums paid
+  during the five years, or from 5<i>l.</i> to 12<i>l.</i> 10<i>s.</i> per
+  cent. on the Sum Assured.</p>
+
+  <p>The small share of Profit divisible in future among the Shareholders
+  being now provided for, the ASSURED will hereafter derive all the
+  benefits obtainable from a Mutual Office, WITHOUT ANY LIABILITY OR RISK
+  OF PARTNERSHIP.</p>
+
+  <p>POLICIES effected before the 30th of June next, will be entitled, at
+  the next Division, to one year's additional share of Profits over later
+  Assurers.</p>
+
+  <p>On Assurances for the whole of Life only one half of the Premiums need
+  be paid for the first five years.</p>
+
+  <p>INVALID LIVES may be Assured at rates proportioned to the risk.</p>
+
+  <p>Claims paid <i>thirty</i> days after proof of death, and all Policies
+  are <i>Indisputable</i> except in cases of fraud.</p>
+
+  <p>Tables of Rates and forms of Proposal can be obtained of any of the
+  Society's Agents, or of</p>
+
+  <p class="author">GEORGE H. PINCKARD, Resident Secretary.
+
+  <p class="address"><i>99. Great Russell Street, Bloomsbury, London.</i>
+
+<hr class="full" >
+
+  <p><b>UNITED KINGDOM LIFE ASSURANCE COMPANY:</b> established by Act of
+  Parliament in 1834.&mdash;8. Waterloo Place, Pall Mall, London.</p>
+
+  <div class="poem">
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p>HONORARY PRESIDENTS.</p>
+    </div>
+
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p>Earl of Courtown</p>
+      <p>Earl Leven and Melville</p>
+      <p>Earl of Norbury</p>
+      <p>Earl of Stair</p>
+      <p>Viscount Falkland</p>
+      <p>Lord Elphinstone</p>
+      <p>Lord Belhaven and Stenton</p>
+      <p>Wm. Campbell, Esq., of Tillichewan</p>
+    </div>
+
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p class="i2">LONDON BOARD.</p>
+    </div>
+
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p><i>Chairman.</i>&mdash;Charles Graham, Esq.</p>
+      <p><i>Deputy-Chairman.</i>&mdash;Charles Downes, Esq.</p>
+    </div>
+
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p>H. Blair Avarne, Esq.</p>
+      <p>E. Lennox Boyd, Esq., F.S.A., <i>Resident</i>.</p>
+      <p>C. Berwick Curtis, Esq.</p>
+      <p>William Fairlie, Esq.</p>
+      <p>D. Q. Henriques, Esq.</p>
+      <p>J. G. Henriques, Esq.</p>
+      <p>F. C. Maitland, Esq.</p>
+      <p>William Railton, Esq.</p>
+      <p>F. H. Thomson, Esq.</p>
+      <p>Thomas Thorby, Esq.</p>
+    </div>
+
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p>MEDICAL OFFICERS.</p>
+    </div>
+
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p><i>Physician.</i>&mdash;Arthur H. Hassall, Esq., M.D.,</p>
+      <p>8. Bennett Street, St. James's.</p>
+    </div>
+
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p><i>Surgeon.</i>&mdash;F. H. Tomson, Esq., 48. Berners Street.</p>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+  <p>The Bonus added to Policies from March, 1834, to December 31, 1847, is
+  as follows:&mdash;</p>
+
+
+<table class="allb" summary="Bonus added to Policies" title="Bonus added to Policies">
+  <tr>
+    <td class="allb" style="text-align:center" rowspan="2">
+      <p>Sum<br />
+      Assured</p>
+    </td>
+    <td class="allb" style="text-align:center" rowspan="2">
+      <p>Time<br />
+      Assured.</p>
+    </td>
+    <td class="allb" style="text-align:center" colspan="2">
+      <p>Sum added to<br />
+      Policy</p>
+    </td>
+    <td class="allb" style="text-align:center" rowspan="2">
+      <p>Sum<br /> Payable<br /> at
+      Death.</p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td class="allb" style="text-align:center">
+      <p>In 1841.</p>
+    </td>
+    <td class="allb" style="text-align:center">
+      <p>In 1848.</p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td class="allb" style="text-align:right">
+      <p><i>£&nbsp; &nbsp;</i></p>
+    </td>
+    <td class="allb" style="text-align:left">
+    </td>
+    <td class="allb" style="text-align:right">
+      <p><i>£ &nbsp; s. d.</i></p>
+    </td>
+    <td class="allb" style="text-align:right">
+      <p><i>£ &nbsp; s. d.</i></p>
+    </td>
+    <td class="allb" style="text-align:right">
+      <p><i>£ &nbsp; s. d.</i></p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td class="allb" style="text-align:right">
+      <p>5000</p>
+    </td>
+    <td class="allb" style="text-align:left">
+      <p>14 years</p>
+    </td>
+    <td class="allb" style="text-align:right">
+      <p>683 &nbsp; 6 &nbsp;8&nbsp;</p>
+    </td>
+    <td class="allb" style="text-align:right">
+      <p>787 10 &nbsp;0&nbsp;</p>
+    </td>
+    <td class="allb" style="text-align:right">
+      <p>6470 16 &nbsp;8&nbsp;</p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td class="allb" style="text-align:right">
+      <p>* 1000</p>
+    </td>
+    <td class="allb" style="text-align:left">
+      <p>&nbsp; 7 years</p>
+    </td>
+    <td class="allb" style="text-align:center">
+      <p>-</p>
+    </td>
+    <td class="allb" style="text-align:right">
+      <p>157 10 &nbsp;0&nbsp;</p>
+    </td>
+    <td class="allb" style="text-align:right">
+      <p>1157 10 &nbsp;0&nbsp;</p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td class="allb" style="text-align:right">
+      <p>500</p>
+    </td>
+    <td class="allb" style="text-align:left">
+      <p>&nbsp; 1 year</p>
+    </td>
+    <td class="allb" style="text-align:center">
+      <p>-</p>
+    </td>
+    <td class="allb" style="text-align:right">
+      <p>11 &nbsp; 5 &nbsp;0&nbsp;</p>
+    </td>
+    <td class="allb" style="text-align:right">
+      <p>511 &nbsp; 5 &nbsp;0&nbsp;</p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+</table>
+
+  <p>* <span class="sc">Example.</span>&mdash;At the commencement of the
+  year 1841, a person aged thirty took out a Policy for 1000<i>l.</i>, the
+  annual payment for which is 24<i>l.</i> 1<i>s.</i> 8<i>d.</i>; in 1847 he
+  had paid in premiums 168<i>l.</i> 11<i>s.</i> 8<i>d.</i>; but the profits
+  being 2Πper cent. per annum on the sum insured (which is 22<i>l.</i>
+  10<i>s.</i> per annum for each 1000<i>l.</i>) he had 157<i>l.</i>
+  10<i>s.</i> added to the Policy, almost as much as the premiums paid.</p>
+
+  <p>The Premiums, nevertheless, are on the most moderate scale, and only
+  one-half need be paid for the first five years, when the Insurance is for
+  Life. Every information will be afforded on application to the Resident
+  Director.</p>
+
+<hr class="full" >
+
+  <p><b>PURE NERVOUS</b> or MIND COMPLAINTS.&mdash;If the readers of <span
+  class="sc">Notes and Queries</span>, who suffer from depression of
+  spirits, confusion, headache, blushing, groundless fears, unfitness for
+  business or society, blood to the head, failure of memory, delusions,
+  suicidal thoughts, fear of insanity, &amp;c., will call on, or correspond
+  with, REV. DR. WILLIS MOSELEY, who, out of above 22,000 applicants, knows
+  not fifty uncured who have followed his advice, he will instruct them how
+  to get well, without a fee, and will render the same service to the
+  friends of the insane.&mdash;At home from 11 to 3.</p>
+
+  <p>18. BLOOMSBURY STREET, BEDFORD SQUARE.</p>
+
+<hr class="full" >
+
+<h3>WESTERN LIFE ASSURANCE
+AND ANNUITY SOCIETY,</h3>
+
+<p class="cenhead">3. PARLIAMENT STREET, LONDON.</p>
+
+  <p>Founded A.D. 1842.</p>
+
+  <p><i>Directors.</i></p>
+
+  <div class="poem">
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p>H. E. Bicknell, Esq.</p>
+      <p>W. Cabell, Esq.</p>
+      <p>T. S. Cocks, Jun. Esq. M.P.</p>
+      <p>G. H. Drew, Esq.</p>
+      <p>W. Evans, Esq.</p>
+      <p>W. Freeman, Esq.</p>
+      <p>F. Fuller, Esq.</p>
+      <p>J. H. Goodhart, Esq.</p>
+      <p>T. Grissell, Esq.</p>
+      <p>J. Hunt, Esq.</p>
+      <p>J. A. Lethbridge, Esq.</p>
+      <p>E. Lucas, Esq.</p>
+      <p>J. Lys Seager, Esq.</p>
+      <p>J. B. White, Esq.</p>
+      <p>J. Carter Wood, Esq.</p>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+  <p><i>Trustees.</i></p>
+
+  <p>W. Whateley, Esq., Q.C.; L. C. Humfrey, Esq., Q.C.; George Drew,
+  Esq.</p>
+
+  <p><i>Physician.</i>&mdash;William Rich. Basham, M.D.</p>
+
+  <p><i>Bankers.</i>&mdash;Messrs. Cocks, Biddulph, and Co., Charing
+  Cross.</p>
+
+  <p>VALUABLE PRIVILEGE.</p>
+
+  <p>POLICIES effected in this Office do not become void through temporary
+  difficulty in paying a Premium, as permission is given upon application
+  to suspend the payment at interest, according to the conditions detailed
+  on the Prospectus.</p>
+
+  <p>Specimens of Rates of Premium for Assuring 100<i>l.</i>, with a Share
+  in three-fourths of the Profits:&mdash;</p>
+
+
+<table class="nob" summary="Specimens of Rates" title="Specimens of Rates">
+  <tr>
+    <td class="nob" style="text-align:left">
+      <p>Age</p>
+    </td>
+    <td class="nob" style="text-align:right">
+      <p><i>£</i></p>
+    </td>
+    <td class="nob" style="text-align:right">
+      <p><i>s.</i></p>
+    </td>
+    <td class="nob" style="text-align:right">
+      <p><i>d.</i></p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td class="nob" style="text-align:left">
+      <p>17</p>
+    </td>
+    <td class="nob" style="text-align:right">
+      <p>1</p>
+    </td>
+    <td class="nob" style="text-align:right">
+      <p>14</p>
+    </td>
+    <td class="nob" style="text-align:right">
+      <p>4</p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td class="nob" style="text-align:left">
+      <p>22</p>
+    </td>
+    <td class="nob" style="text-align:right">
+      <p>1</p>
+    </td>
+    <td class="nob" style="text-align:right">
+      <p>18</p>
+    </td>
+    <td class="nob" style="text-align:right">
+      <p>8</p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td class="nob" style="text-align:left">
+      <p>27</p>
+    </td>
+    <td class="nob" style="text-align:right">
+      <p>2</p>
+    </td>
+    <td class="nob" style="text-align:right">
+      <p>4</p>
+    </td>
+    <td class="nob" style="text-align:right">
+      <p>5</p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td class="nob" style="text-align:left">
+      <p>32</p>
+    </td>
+    <td class="nob" style="text-align:right">
+      <p>2</p>
+    </td>
+    <td class="nob" style="text-align:right">
+      <p>10</p>
+    </td>
+    <td class="nob" style="text-align:right">
+      <p>8</p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td class="nob" style="text-align:left">
+      <p>37</p>
+    </td>
+    <td class="nob" style="text-align:right">
+      <p>2</p>
+    </td>
+    <td class="nob" style="text-align:right">
+      <p>18</p>
+    </td>
+    <td class="nob" style="text-align:right">
+      <p>6</p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td class="nob" style="text-align:left">
+      <p>42</p>
+    </td>
+    <td class="nob" style="text-align:right">
+      <p>3</p>
+    </td>
+    <td class="nob" style="text-align:right">
+      <p>8</p>
+    </td>
+    <td class="nob" style="text-align:right">
+      <p>2</p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+</table>
+
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+
+<hr class="full" >
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+<pre>
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes and Queries, Number 189, June
+11, 1853, by Various
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+Project Gutenberg's Notes and Queries, Number 189, June 11, 1853, by Various
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: Notes and Queries, Number 189, June 11, 1853
+       A Medium of Inter-communication for Literary Men, Artists,
+       Antiquaries, Genealogists, etc.
+
+Author: Various
+
+Editor: George Bell
+
+Release Date: January 15, 2007 [EBook #20364]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ASCII
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram, Keith Edkins
+and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at
+http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images
+generously made available by The Internet Library of Early
+Journals.)
+
+
+
+
+
+Transcriber's note: A few typographical errors have been corrected: they
+are listed at the end of the text.
+
+{565}
+
+NOTES AND QUERIES:
+
+A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES,
+GENEALOGISTS, ETC.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+"When found, make a note of."--CAPTAIN CUTTLE.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+No. 189.]
+Saturday, June 11, 1853.
+[Price Fourpence. Stamped Edition 5d.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+CONTENTS.
+
+  NOTES:--                                   Page
+    Tom Moore's First!                                 565
+    Notes on several Misunderstood Words, by the Rev.
+      W. R. Arrowsmith                                 566
+    Verney Papers: the Capuchin Friars, &c., by Thompson
+      Cooper                                           568
+    Early Satirical Poem                               568
+    The Letters of Atticus, by William Cramp           569
+
+    MINOR NOTES:--Irish Bishops as English Suffragans--
+        Pope and Buchanan--Scarce MSS. in the British
+        Museum--The Royal Garden at Holyrood Palace--
+        The Old Ship "Royal Escape"                    569
+
+  QUERIES:--
+   "The Light of Brittaine"                           570
+
+    MINOR QUERIES:--Thirteen an unlucky Number--
+      Quotations--"Other-some" and "Unneath"--
+      Newx, &c.--"A Joabi Alloquio"--Illuminations--
+      Heraldic Queries--John's Spoils from Peterborough
+      and Crowland--"Elementa sex." &c.--Jack and Gill:
+      Sir Hubbard de Hoy--Humphrey Hawarden--"Populus
+      vult decipi"--Sheriffs of Huntingdonshire and
+      Cambridgeshire--Harris                           571
+
+  REPLIES:--
+    Bishop Butler, by J. H. Markland, &c.              572
+    Mitigation of Capital Punishment to Forgers        573
+    Mythe _versus_ Myth, by Charles Thiriold      575
+   "Inquiry into the State of the Union, by the Wednesday
+      Club in Friday Street," by James Crossley        576
+    Unpublished Epigram by Sir Walter Scott, by William
+      Williams, &c.                                    576
+    Church Catechism                                   577
+    Jacob Bobart, &c., by Dr. E. F. Rimbault           578
+   "Its," by W. B. Rye                                578
+    Bohn's Edition of Hoveden, by Henry T. Riley       579
+    Books of Emblems, by J. B. Yates, &c.              579
+
+    PHOTOGRAPHIC CORRESPONDENCE:--Mr. Pollock's Directions
+      for obtaining Positive Photographs upon
+      albumenised Paper--Test for Lenses--Washing Collodion
+      Pictures                                         581
+
+    REPLIES TO MINOR QUERIES:--Cremonas--James Chaloner
+      --Irish Convocation--St. Paul's Epistle to Seneca
+      --Captain Ayloff--Plan of London--Syriac Scriptures
+      --Meaning of "Worth"--Khond Fable--Collar of S3.
+      --Chaucer's Knowledge of Italian--Pic Nic--Canker
+      or Brier Rose--Door-head Inscriptions--"Time and
+      I"--Lowbell--Overseers of Wills--Detached Belfry
+      Towers--Vincent Family, &c.                      582
+
+  MISCELLANEOUS:--
+    Books and Odd Volumes wanted                       586
+    Notices to Correspondents                          586
+    Advertisements                                     587
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Notes.
+
+TOM MOORE'S FIRST!
+
+It is now generally understood that the first poetic effusion of Thomas
+Moore was entrusted to a publication entitled _Anthologia Hibernica_, which
+held its monthly existence from Jan. 1793 to December 1794, and is now a
+repertorium of the spirited efforts made in Ireland in that day to
+establish periodical literature. The set is complete in four volumes: and
+being anxious to see if I could trace the "fine Roman" hand of him whom his
+noble poetic satirist, and after fast friend, Byron, styled the "young
+Catullus of his day," I went to the volumes, and give you the result.
+
+No trace of Moore appears in the volume containing the first six months of
+the publication; but in the "List of Subscribers" in the second, we see
+"_Master_ Thomas Moore;" and as we find this designation changed in the
+fourth volume to "_Mr._ Thomas Moore, Trinity College, Dublin!" (a boy with
+a black ribband in his collar, being as a collegian an "_ex officio_
+man!"), we may take it for ascertained that we have arrived at the
+well-spring of those effusions which have since flowed in such sparkling
+volumes among the poetry of the day.
+
+Moore's first contribution is easily identified; for it is prefaced by a
+note, dated "Aungier Street, Sept. 11, 1793," which contains the usual
+request of insertion for "_the attempts of a youthful muse_," &c., and is
+signed in the semi-incognito style, "Th-m-s M--re;" the writer fearing,
+doubtless, lest his fond mamma should fail to recognise in _his own copy_
+of the periodical the performance of her little precocious Apollo.
+
+This contribution consists of two pieces, of which we have room but for the
+first: which is a striking exemplification (in subject at least) of
+Wordsworth's aphorism, that "the child is father to the man." It is a
+sonnet addressed to "Zelia," "_On her charging the author with writing too
+much on Love!_" Who _Zelia_ was--whether a lineal ancestress of Dickens's
+"Mrs. Harris," or some actual grown up young lady, who was teased by, and
+tried to check the chirpings of the little {566} precocious singing
+bird--does not appear: but we suspect the former, for this sonnet is
+immediately followed by "A Pastoral Ballad!" calling upon some _Celia_
+unknown to "pity his tears and complaint," &c., in the usual namby-pamby
+style of these compositions. To any one who considers the smart,
+_espiegle_, highly artificial style of "Tom Moore's" after compositions,
+his "Pastoral Ballad" will be what Coleridge called his Vision, a
+"psychological curiosity."
+
+Passing on through the volumes, in the Number for February 1794 we find a
+paraphrase of the Fifth Ode of Anacreon, by "Thomas Moore;" another short
+poem in June 1794, "To the Memory of Francis Perry, Esq.," signed "T. M.,"
+and dated "Aungier Street." These are all which can be identified by
+outward and visible signs, without danger of mistake: but there are a
+number of others scattered through the volumes which I conjecture may be
+his; they are under different signatures, generally T. L., which may be
+taken to stand for the _alias_ "Thomas Little," by which Moore afterwards
+made himself so well known. There is an "Ode to Morning," in the Number for
+March 1794, above the ordinary run of magazine poetry. And in the Number
+for May following are "Imitations from the Greek" and Italian, all under
+this same signature. And this last being derived from some words in
+Petrarch's will, bequeathing his lute to a friend, is the more curious; and
+may the more probably be supposed Moore's, as it contains a thought which
+is not unlikely to have suggested in after years the idea of his celebrated
+melody, entitled the "Bard's Legacy." The Number for Nov. 1794, last but
+one in the fourth volume, contains a little piece on "Variety," which
+independent of a T. M. signature, I would _almost swear_, from internal
+evidence, to be Moore's; it is the last in the series, and indicates such
+progress as two years might be supposed to give the youthful poet, from the
+lack-a-daisical style of his first attempts, towards that light, brilliant,
+sportive vein of humour in which he afterwards wrote "What the Bee is to
+the Flowret," &c., and other similar compositions. I now give Moore's first
+sonnet, including its footnote, reminding us of the child's usual
+explanatory addition to his first drawing of some amorphous animal--"This
+is a horse!" or "a bear!" as the case may be. Neither the _metre_ nor the
+_matter_ would prepare us for the height to which the writer afterwards
+scaled "the mountain's height of Parnassus:"
+
+                 "TO ZELIA.
+
+  (_On her charging the Author with writing too much on Love._)
+
+ 'Tis true my Muse to love inclines,
+  And wreaths of Cypria's myrtle twines;
+  Quits all aspiring, lofty views,
+  And chaunts what Nature's gifts infuse:
+  Timid to try the mountain's* height,
+  Beneath she strays, retir'd from sight,
+  Careless, culling amorous flowers;
+  Or quaffing mirth in Bacchus' bowers.
+  When first she raised her simplest lays
+  In Cupid's never-ceasing praise,
+    The God a faithful promise gave--
+  That never should she feel Love's stings,
+    Never to burning passion be a slave,
+  But feel the purer joy _thy_ friendship brings.
+
+          * Parnassus!"
+
+If you think this fruit of a research into a now almost forgotten work,
+which however contains many matters of interest (among the rest, "The
+Baviad of Gifford"), worth insertion, please put it among "N. & Q.;" it may
+incite others to look more closely, and perhaps trace other "disjecta
+membra poetae."
+
+A. B. R.
+
+Belmont.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+NOTES ON SEVERAL MISUNDERSTOOD WORDS.
+
+(_Continued from_ p. 544.)
+
+Let no one say that a tithe of these instances would have sufficed. Whoever
+thinks so, little understands the vitality of error. Most things die when
+the brains are out: error has no brains, though it has more heads than the
+hydra. Who could have believed it possible that after Steevens's heaped-up
+proofs in support of the authentic reading, "_carded_ his state" (_King
+Henry IV._, Act III. Scene 2.), Warburton's corruption, _'scarded_, i. e.
+_discarded_, was again to be foisted into the text on the authority of some
+nameless and apocryphal commentator? Let me be pardoned if I prefer
+Shakspeare's genuine text, backed by the masterly illustrations of his
+ablest glossarist, before the wishy-washy adulterations of Nobody: and as a
+small contribution to his abundant avouchment of the original reading, the
+underwritten passage may be flung in, by way of make-weight:
+
+         "_Carded_ his state (says King Henry),
+  _Mingled_ his royaltie with carping fooles."
+
+    "Since which it hath been and is his daily practice, either to broach
+    doctrinas novas et peregrinas, new imaginations never heard of before,
+    or to revive the old and new dress them. And these--for that by
+    themselves they will not utter--_to mingle and to card_ with the
+    Apostles' doctrine, &c., that at the least yet he may so vent
+    them."--One of the Sermons upon the Second Commandment, preached in the
+    Parish Church of St. Giles, Cripplegate, on the Ninth of January, A.D.
+    MDXCII.: Andrewes' Sermons, vol. v. p. 55. _Lib. Ang.-Cath. Theol._
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+_Trash_, to shred or lop.--So said Steevens, alleging that he had met with
+it in books containing directions for gardeners, published in the time of
+{567} Queen Elizabeth. I fear his memory deceived him, or why should a man
+of his sound learning afterwards incline to vail bonnet to the dogmatist
+Warburton? whose knowledge of dogs, by the way, must have been marvellously
+small, or he could never have imagined them to overtop one another in a
+horizontal course. _Overrun_, _overshoot_, _overslip_, are terms in
+hunting, _overtop_ never; except perchance in the vocabulary of the wild
+huntsman of the Alps. _Trash_ occurs as a verb in the sense above given,
+Act I. Sc. 2. of the _Tempest_: "Who t'aduance, and who to _trash_ for
+over-topping." I have never met with the _verb_ in that sense elsewhere,
+but overtop is evermore the appropriate term in arboriculture. To quote
+examples of that is needless. Of it metaphorically applied, just as in
+Shakspeare, take the following example:
+
+    "Of those three estates, which swayeth most, that in a manner doth
+    overtop the rest, and like a foregrown member depriveth the other of
+    their proportion of growth."--Andrewes' Sermons, vol. v. p. 177., _Lib.
+    Ang.-Cath. Theol._
+
+Have we not the substantive _trash_ in the sense of shreddings, at p. 542.
+book iii. of a _Discourse of Forest Trees_, by John Evelyn? The extract
+that contains the word is this:
+
+    "Faggots to be every stick of three feet in length, excepting only one
+    stick of one foot long, to harden and wedge the binding of it; this to
+    prevent the abuse, too much practised, of filling the middle part and
+    ends with _trash_ and short sticks, which had been omitted in the
+    former statute."
+
+Possibly some of the statutes referred to by Evelyn may contain examples of
+the verb. In the meantime it will not be impertinent to remark, that what
+appears to be nothing more than a dialectic variety of the word, namely
+_trouse_, is of every-day use in this county of Hereford for trimmings of
+hedges; that it is given by Grose as a verb in use in Warwickshire for
+trimming off the superfluous branches; and lastly, that it is employed as a
+substantive to signify shreddings by Philemon Holland, who, if I rightly
+remember, was many years head master of Coventry Grammar School:
+
+    "Prouided alwaies, that they be paued beneath with stone; and for want
+    thereof, laid with green willow bastons, and for default of them, with
+    vine cuttings, or such _trousse_, so that they lie halfe a foot
+    thicke."--The Seuenteenth Booke of Plinie's _Naturall History_, chap.
+    xi. p. 513.: London, 1634.
+
+_Trash_ no one denies to be a kennel term for hampering a dog, but it does
+not presently follow that the word bore no other signification; indeed,
+there is no more fruitful mother of confusion than homonomy.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+_Clamor_, to curb, restrain (the tongue):
+
+ "_Clamor_ your tongues, and not a word more."
+              _The Winter's Tale_, Act IV. Sc. 4.
+
+Most judiciously does NARES reject Gifford's corruption of this word into
+_charm_, nor will the suffrage of the "clever" old commentator one jot
+contribute to dispel their diffidence of this change, whom the severe
+discipline of many years' study, and the daily access of accumulating
+knowledge, have schooled into a wholesome sense of their extreme
+fallibility in such matters. Without adding any comment, I now quote, for
+the inspection of learned and unlearned, the two ensuing extracts:
+
+    "For Critias manaced and thretened hym, that onelesse he _chaumbreed_
+    his tongue in season, ther should ere l[=o]g bee one oxe the fewer for
+    hym."--_Apoptheymis of Erasmus_, translated by Nicolas Vdall,
+    MCCCCCXLII, the First Booke, p. 10.
+
+    "From no sorte of menne in the worlde did he refrein or _chaumbre_ the
+    tauntying of his tongue."--_Id._, p. 76.
+
+After so many Notes, one Query. In the second folio edition of Shakspeare
+(my first folio wants the whole play), I find in _Cymbeline_, Act V. Sc.
+3., the next beautiful passage:
+
+ "_Post._ Still going? This is a lord: Oh noble misery
+  To be ith' field, and aske what newes of me:
+  To-day how many would have given their honors
+  To have sav'd their carkasses? Tooke heele to doo't,
+  And yet dyed too. I in mine owne woe charm'd,
+  Could not find death, where I did heare him groane,
+  Nor feele him where he strooke. Being an ugly monster,
+ 'Tis strange he hides him in fresh cups, soft beds,
+  Sweet words; or hath moe ministers then we
+  That draw his knives ith' war. Well I will finde him:
+  For being now a favourer to the Britaine,
+  No more a Britaine, I have resum'd againe
+  The part I came in."
+
+In the antepenultimate line, Britaine was more than a century ago changed
+by Hanmer into Roman, therefore retained by Warburton, again rejected by
+Steevens and Johnson, once more replaced by Knight and Collier, with one of
+his usual happy notes by the former of the two, without comment by the
+latter, finally left unnoticed by Dyce. My Query then is this. What amount
+of obtuseness will disqualify a criticaster who itches to be tinkering and
+cobbling the noblest passages of thought that ever issued from mortal
+brain, while at the same time he stumbles and bungles in sentences of that
+simplicity and grammatical clearness, as not to tax the powers of a
+third-form schoolboy to explain?[1] If editors, commentators, {568}
+critics, and all the countless throng who are ambitious to daub with their
+un-tempered mortar, or scribble their names upon the most majestic edifice
+of genius that the world ever saw, lack the little discernment necessary to
+interpret aright the above extract from _Cymbeline_, for the last hundred
+years racked and tortured in vain, let them at length learn henceforth to
+distrust their judgment altogether.
+
+W. R. ARROWSMITH.
+
+P.S.--In article of No. 180. p. 353., a rather important misprint occurs,
+viz. date of 4to. _King Richard II._ with unusual title-page, which should
+be 1608, not 1605. Other little errors the reader may silently amend for
+himself.
+
+[Footnote 1: In a passage from L. L. L., lately winnowed in the pages of
+"N. & Q.," divers attempts at elucidation (whereof not one, in my judgment,
+was successful) having been made, it was gravely, almost magisterially
+proposed by one of the disputants, to corrupt the concluding lines (MR.
+COLLIER having already once before corrupted the preceding ones by
+substituting a plural for a singular verb, in which lay the true key to the
+right construction) by altering "their" the pronoun into "there" the
+adverb, because (shade of Murray!) the commentator could not discover of
+what noun "their" could possibly be the pronoun in these lines following:
+
+ "When great things labouring perish in their birth,
+  Their form confounded makes most form in mirth."
+
+And it was left to MR. KEIGHTLEY to bless the world with the information
+that it was "things."]
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+VERNEY PAPERS--THE CAPUCHIN FRIARS, ETC.
+
+In the appendix to _Notes of Proceedings in the Long Parliament_, by Sir
+Ralph Verney, edited by Mr. Bruce for the Camden Society in 1845, are
+"Notes written in a Cipher," which Mr. Bruce gives in the hope that the
+ingenuity of some reader will discover their meaning. I venture thus to
+decypher the same:
+
+ "The Capuchin's house to be dissolued.
+  No extracts of letters to be aloued in this house.
+  The prince is now come to Greenhich three lette.
+  Three greate ships staied in France.
+  Gersea a letter from Lord S^t Albones.
+  L11 per diem Hull.
+  The king's answert to our petition about the militia.
+  If a king offer to kil himselfe, wee must not only advise but wrest the
+      weapon from.
+  A similitude of a depilat.
+  Consciences corrupted."
+
+I ought to state that in one or two instances the wrong cypher has
+evidently been used by mistake, and this has of course increased the
+difficulty of decyphering the notes.
+
+With reference to the note "The Capuchins' House to be dissolued," may I be
+allowed to refer to the following votes in the House of Commons, of the
+date 26th February, 1641-2:
+
+    "Ordered, That Mr. Peard, Mr. Whistler, Mr. Reynolds, Mr. Pideaux, Mr.
+    Selden, Mr. Young, Mr. Hill, do presently withdraw, to peruse the
+    statutes now in force against priests and Jesuits.
+
+    "Ordered, That Mr. Whittacre, Mr. Morley, do presently go to Denmarke
+    House.
+
+    "Resolved, That the Capuchines shall be forthwith apprehended and taken
+    into safe custody by the Serjeant-at-Arms attending on this house; and
+    there kept till this house take farther order."
+
+The Capuchins were under the protection of the Queen Henrietta Maria;
+Denmark House was the name by which Somerset House was at the period known.
+
+Under date 2nd March, 1641-2, are the following entries in the Commons'
+Journal:
+
+    "Mr. Holles brings this answer from the French Ambassador, That the
+    Capuchins being sent hither by Articles of Treaty between the Two
+    Crowns, he durst not of himself send them without Order from the King
+    his Master, or the King and Queen here: And said farther, That the
+    Queen had left an express Command for their stay here; and that he
+    would be ever ready to do any good Office for this House, and to keep a
+    good Correspondency between the Two Crowns; and if this House pleased,
+    he would undertake to keep them safe Prisoners at Somersett House; and
+    that the chapel there shall have the doors locked, and no Mass be said
+    there.
+
+    "Ordered, That Mr. Hollis do acquaint the French Ambassador, that this
+    House doth accept of his Offer in securing the Persons of the
+    Capuchins, till this House take farther Order: and that the Doors be
+    locked, and made fast, at the Chapel at Somersett House; and that no
+    Mass be said there.
+
+    "Ordered, That the Lord Cramborne and Mr. Hollis shall acquaint the
+    French Ambassador with the desires of this House, that the Capuchins be
+    forthwith sent away; and to know if he will undertake to send them
+    away; and, if he will, that then they be forthwith delivered unto him.
+
+    "That Mr. Hollis do go up to the Lords, to acquaint them with the
+    Resolutions of this House, concerning the Capuchins, and desire their
+    Lordships' concurrence therein."
+
+Some particulars of the proceedings of the parliament against the Capuchins
+may be found in "Memoirs of the Mission in England of the Capuchin Friars
+of the Province of Paris by Father Cyprian Gamache," in _The Court and
+Times of Charles I._, vol. ii. pp. 344. 354.
+
+THOMPSON COOPER.
+
+Cambridge.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+EARLY SATIRICAL POEM.
+
+On the turning over the pages of an old printed copy of Durand's _Rationale
+Divinorum Officiorus_, edited by Bonetus de locatellis bergomensis, and
+printed at Lyons in 1506, by Natalis Brabam, for Jaques Huguetan, I found
+the following copy of verses written on the fly-leaf. They are written in a
+hand which I am inclined to assign to a date {569} not much later than that
+of the book. There is no clue to the author. If they are thought worthy of
+insertion in "N. & Q.," I beg to inquire, through the medium of your
+columns, whether they are to be found in any collection of early English
+poems? and whether the author is known?
+
+The ungallant sentiment of the first three stanzas is obvious. The fourth
+is not so plain; nor is its connexion with the others evident, though it is
+written without anything to mark separation; and the word "finis" is placed
+below it, as if to apply to the whole. I should be obliged if some one of
+your readers would give some explanation of it.
+
+W. H. G.
+
+Winchester.
+
+ "Wen [_sic_] nettylles in wynter bryngythe forthe rosses red,
+  And a thorne bryngythe figges naturally,
+  And grase berrythe appulles in every mede,
+  And lorrel cherrys on his crope so hye,
+  And okkys berrythe datys plentyusly,
+  And kykkys gyvythe hony in superfluans,
+  The put in women yower trust and confydenc.
+
+ "When whythynges walke forrestys hartyse for to chase,
+  And herrings in parkkys the hornnys boldly bloc,
+  And marlyons[2] ... hernys in morrys doo unbrace,
+  And gomards shut ryllyons owght of a crose boow,
+  And goslyngs goo a howntyng the wolf to overthrow,
+  And sparlyns bere sperrys and arms for defenc,
+  Then put yn women yower trust and confydenc.
+
+ "When sparrowes byld chorchys and styppyllys of a hyght,
+  And corlewys carry tymber yn howsys for to dyght,
+  Wrennys bere sakkys to the myll,
+  And symgis[3] bryng butter to the market to sell,
+  And wodcokkys were wodknyffys the crane for to kyll,
+  And gryffyns to goslynges doo obedienc,
+  Then put in women yower trust and confydenc.
+
+ "O ye imps of Chynner, ye Lydgatys pene,
+  With the spryght of bookkas ye goodly inspyrryd,
+  Ye Ynglyshe poet, excydyng other men,
+  With musyk wyne yower tong yn syrryd,
+  Ye roll in yower rellatyvys as a horse immyrryd,
+  With Ovyddes penner ye are gretly in favor,
+  Ye bere boys incorne, God dyld yow for yower labor.
+                  Finis."
+
+[Footnote 2: Merlin's hawks.]
+
+[Footnote 3: Doubtful; but perhaps for syngies, an old name for the finch.]
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+THE LETTERS OF ATTICUS.
+
+The editor of the _Grenville Papers_ has alluded to some "very judicious
+and pertinent remarks in the 'N. & Q.'" respecting the Letters of Atticus,
+and as most of your readers will probably agree with him that the
+authenticity of these letters is "a curious and interesting question, and
+one that deserves _very particular attention_," I beg to correct an error
+into which he and others have fallen, as to the date when Junius ceased to
+write under the signature Atticus. The Atticus forwarded by Junius to
+George Grenville on the 19th October, 1768, was, there is every reason to
+believe, the _last_ from the pen of that writer, who was then preparing to
+come before the public in a more prominent character. When another
+correspondent adopted the signature Atticus, Woodfall gave his readers
+warning by inserting the following notice into the _Public Advertiser_:
+
+    "The Address to the Freeholders of the county of Middlesex, signed
+    _Atticus_, in our next. The Printer thinks it his duty to acquaint his
+    readers that this letter is not by the same hand as some letters in
+    this paper a little time since, under the signature _Atticus_."--_Pub.
+    Ad._, March 19, 1769.
+
+The printer took the like course when writers attempted to "impose upon the
+public" by using the signatures Lucius and C., and then freely inserted
+their letters; but when the same trick was tried with Junius, the printer
+did not scruple to alter the signature, or reject the contribution as
+spurious.
+
+The genuine Letters of Atticus have had a narrow escape lately of being
+laughed out of their celebrity by writers in some of our most respectable
+periodicals. The authenticity of these letters up to the 19th October,
+1768, is now fully established. The undecided question of the authorship of
+Junius requires that every statement should be carefully examined, and (as
+far as possible) only well-authenticated facts be admitted as evidence in
+future.
+
+WILLIAM CRAMP.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Minor Notes.
+
+_Irish Bishops as English Suffragans._--In compliance with the suggestion
+of J. M. D. in your last volume, p. 385., I abridge from _The Record_ of
+March 17th the following particulars:
+
+    "At a recent meeting of the Archaeolgical Society the Rev. W. Gunner
+    stated that from a research among the archives of the bishops and of
+    the college of Winchester, he had found that many Irish bishops, during
+    the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, were merely titular bishops,
+    bearing the titles of sees in Ireland, while they acted as suffragans
+    to bishops in England. A Bishop of Achonry, for instance, appeared to
+    have been frequently deputed by William of Wykeham to consecrate
+    churches, and to perform other episcopal duties, in his diocese; and
+    the Bishops of Achonry seemed frequently to have been suffragans of
+    those of Winchester. No see exhibits more instances of this
+    expatriation than Dromore, lying as it did in an unsettled and
+    tumultuous country. Richard Messing, who succeeded to Dromore bishopric
+    in 1408, was suffragan to the Archbishop of York; and so died at {570}
+    York within a year after his appointment. His successor John became a
+    suffragan to the Archbishop of Canterbury, and died such in 1420.
+    Thomas Scrope, a divine from Leicestershire, was appointed by the Pope
+    to this see in 1430: he could not live in peace with the Irish, and
+    therefore became vicar-general to the Bishop of Norwich. Thomas
+    Radcliffe, his successor, never lived in Ireland: 'the profits of his
+    see did not extend to 30l. sterling, and for its extreme poverty it is
+    void and desolate, and almost extincted, in so much as none will own
+    the same, or abide therein.' Dr. Radcliffe was therefore obliged to
+    become a suffragan to the Bishop of Durham. William, who followed him
+    in the Dromore succession in 1500, lived in York, and was suffragan to
+    its archbishop; and it would seem his successors were also suffragans
+    in England, until the plantation of Ulster improved the circumstances
+    of that province."
+
+AN OXFORD B. C. L.
+
+_Pope and Buchanan._--I beg to suggest as a Query, whether Pope did not
+borrow the opening of his _Essay on Man_ from that of the second book of
+Buchanan's Latin poem _De Sphaera_. Let us compare them.
+
+Buchanan:
+
+ "Jam mihi Timoleon, animo majora capaci
+  Concipe; nec terras semper mirare jacentes;
+  Excute degeneres circum mortalia curas,
+  Et mecum ingentes coeli spatiare per auras."
+
+Pope:
+
+ "Awake, my St. John, leave all meaner things
+  To low ambition and the pride of kings;
+  Let us, since life can little more supply
+  Than just to look about us and to die,
+  Expatiate free o'er all this scene of man."
+
+I do not remember the comparison to have been made before.
+
+WM. EWART.
+
+University Club.
+
+_Scarce MSS. in the British Museum._--In Cotton MSS., Titus, B 1., will be
+found a curious and valuable collection of papers entitled "Cromwell's
+Remembrances." These comprise:
+
+1. A period from about the death of Anne Boleyn to his attainder.
+
+2. They are very miscellaneous, consisting of memoranda of subjects for
+conference with the king. Notices of persons to be remembered for offices.
+Sale of lands. Diplomacy, and various other particulars. Notes relative to
+the dissolution of monasteries; their riches, revenues, and pensions to
+abbots, &c. The reception of Anne Cleves, and the alteration of the royal
+household thereupon. Privy council and parliamentary notes. Foreign
+alliances. Scotch and Irish affairs, consequent on the dissolution of
+abbeys, &c.
+
+These curious materials for history are in the rough and confused state in
+which they were left by their author, and, to render them available, would
+require an index to the whole.
+
+The "Remembrances" are in some degree illustrated by Harl. MS. 604., which
+is a very curious volume of monastic affairs at the dissolution. Also by
+605, 606, and 607. The last two belong to the reign of Philip and Mary, and
+contain an official account of the lands sold by them belonging to the
+crown in the third and fourth years of their reign.
+
+E. G. BALLARD.
+
+_The Royal Garden at Holyrood Palace._--I cannot help noticing a
+disgraceful fact, which has only lately come to my knowledge. There is,
+adjoining the Palace of Holyrood, an ancient garden of the old kings of
+Scotland: in it is a curious sundial, with Queen Mary's name on it. There
+is a pear-tree planted by her hands, and there are many other deeply
+interesting traces of the royal race, who little dreamed how their old
+stately places were to be profaned, after they themselves were laid in the
+dust. The garden of the Royal Stuarts is now _let_ to a market gardener!
+Are there no true-hearted Scotchmen left, who will redeem it from such
+desecration?
+
+L. M. M. R.
+
+_The Old Ship "Royal Escape."_--The following extract from the _Norwich
+Mercury_ of Aug. 21, 1819, under the head of "Yarmouth News," will probably
+be gratifying to your querist ANON, Vol. vii., p. 380.:
+
+    "On the 13th inst. put into this port (Yarmouth), having been grounded
+    on the Barnard Sand, _The Royal Escape_, government hoy, with horses
+    for his royal highness at Hanover. This vessel is the same that King
+    Charles II. made his escape in from Brighthelmstone."
+
+JOSEPH DAVEY.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Queries.
+
+"THE LIGHT OF BRITTAINE."
+
+I should be glad, through the medium of "N. & Q.," to be favoured with some
+particulars regarding this work, and its author, Maister Henry Lyte, of
+Lytescarie, Esq. He presented the said work with his own hand to "our late
+soveraigne queene and matchlesse mistresse, on the day when shee came, in
+royall manner, to Paule's Church." I shall also be glad of any information
+about his son, Maister Thomas Lyte, of Lytescarie, Esq., "a true immitator
+and heyre to his father's vertues," and who
+
+    "Presented to the Majestie of King James, (with) an excellent mappe or
+    genealogicall table (contayning the bredth and circumference of twenty
+    large sheets of paper), which he entitleth _Brittaines Monarchy_,
+    approuing Brute's History, and the whole succession of this our nation,
+    from the very original, with the just observation of al times, changes,
+    and occasions therein happening. This worthy worke, having cost above
+    {571} seaven yeares labour, beside great charges and expense, his
+    highnesse hath made very gracious acceptance of, and to witnesse the
+    same, in court it hangeth in an especiall place of eminence. Pitty it
+    is, that this phoenix (as yet) affordeth not a fellowe, or that from
+    privacie it might not bee made more generall; but, as his Majestie has
+    granted him priviledge, so, that the world might be woorthie to enjoy
+    it, whereto, if friendship may prevaile, as he hath been already, so
+    shall he be still as earnestly sollicited."
+
+These two works appear to have been written towards the close of the
+sixteenth century. Is anything more known of them, and their respective
+authors?
+
+TRAJA-NOVA.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Minor Queries.
+
+_Thirteen an unlucky Number._--Is there not at Dantzic a clock, which at 12
+admits, through a door, Christ and the Eleven, shutting out Judas, who is
+admitted at 1?
+
+A. C.
+
+_Quotations._--
+
+    "I saw a man, who saw a man, who said he saw the king."
+
+Whence?
+
+    "Look not mournfully into the past; it comes not back again,"
+    &c.--Motto of _Hyperion_.
+
+Whence?
+
+A. A. D.
+
+_"Other-some" and "Unneath."_--I do not recollect having ever seen these
+expressions, until reading Parnell's _Fairy Tale_. They occur in the
+following stanzas:
+
+ "But now, to please the fairy king,
+  Full every deal they laugh and sing,
+    And antic feats devise;
+  Some wind and tumble like an ape,
+  And _other-some_ transmute their shape
+    In Edwin's wondering eyes.
+
+ "Till one at last, that Robin hight,
+  Renown'd for pinching maids by night,
+    Has bent him up aloof;
+  And full against the beam he flung,
+  Where by the back the youth he hung
+    To sprawl _unneath_ the roof."
+
+As the author professes the poem to be "in the ancient English style," are
+these words veritable ancient English? If so, some correspondent of "N. &
+Q." may perhaps be able to give instances of their recurrence.
+
+ROBERT WRIGHT.
+
+_Newx, &c._--Can any of your readers give me the _unde derivatur_ of the
+word _newx_, or _noux_, or _knoux_? It is a very old word, used for the
+last hundred years, as _fag_ is at our public schools, for a young cadet at
+the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich. When I was there, some twenty-five or
+twenty-seven years ago, the _noux_ was the youngest cadet of the four who
+slept in one room: and a precious life of it he led. But this, I hope, is
+altered now. I have often wanted to find out from whence this term is
+derived, and I suppose that your paper will find some among your numerous
+correspondents who will be able to enlighten me.
+
+T. W. N.
+
+Malta.
+
+_"A Joabi Alloquio."_--Who can explain the following, and point out its
+source? I copy from the work of a Lutheran divine, Conrad Dieteric,
+_Analysis Evangeliorum_, 1631, p. 188.:
+
+ "A Joabi Alloquio,
+  A Thyestis Convivio,
+  Ab Iscariotis 'Ave,'
+  A Diasii 'Salve'
+  Ab Herodis 'Redite'
+  A Gallorum 'Venite.'
+          Libera nos Domine."
+
+The fourth and sixth line I do not understand.
+
+B. H. C.
+
+_Illuminations._--When were illuminations in cities first introduced? Is
+there any allusion to them in classic authors?
+
+CAPE.
+
+_Heraldic Queries._--Will some correspondent versed in heraldry answer me
+the following questions?
+
+1. What is the origin and meaning of women of all ranks, except the
+sovereign, being now debarred from bearing their arms in shields, and
+having to bear them in lozenges? Formerly, all ladies of rank bore shields
+upon their seals, _e.g._ the seal of Margaret, Countess of Norfolk, who
+deceased A.D. 1399; and of Margaret, Countess of Richmond, and mother of
+Henry VIII., who deceased A.D. 1509. These shields are figured in the
+_Glossary of Heraldry_, pp. 285, 286.
+
+2. Is it, heraldically speaking, wrong to inscribe the motto upon a circle
+(not a garter) or ribbon round the shield? So says the _Glossary_, p. 227.
+If wrong, on what principle?
+
+3. Was it ever the custom in this country, as on the Continent to this day,
+for ecclesiastics to bear their arms in a circular or oval panel?--the
+martial form of the shield being considered inconsistent with their
+spiritual character. If so, when did the custom commence, and where may
+instances be seen either on monuments or in illustrated works?
+
+CEYREP.
+
+_John's Spoils from Peterborough and Crowland._--Clement Spelman, in his
+Preface to the reader, with which he introduces his father's treatise _De
+non temerandis Ecclesiis_, says (edit. Oxford, 1841, p.45.):
+
+    "I cannot omit the sacrilege and punishment of King John, who in the
+    seventeenth year of his reign, among other churches, rifled the abbeys
+    of {572} Peterborough and Croyland, and after attempts to carry his
+    sacrilegious wealth from Lynn to Lincoln; but, passing the Washes, the
+    earth in the midst of the waters opens her mouth (as for Korah and his
+    company), and at once swallows up both carts, carriage, and horses, all
+    his treasure, all his regalities, all his church spoil, and all the
+    church spoilers; not one escapes to bring the king word," &c.
+
+Is the precise spot known where this catastrophe occurred, or have any
+relics been since recovered to give evidence of the fact?
+
+J. SANSOM.
+
+_"Elementa sex," &c._--Perhaps one of your readers, given to such trifles,
+will hazard a guess at the solution, if not at the author, of the
+subjoined:
+
+ "Elementa sex me proferent totam tibi;
+  Totam hanc, lucernis si tepent fungi, vides,
+  Accisa senibus suppetit saltantibus,
+  Levetur, armis adfremunt Horatii;
+  Facienda res est omnibus, si fit minor,
+  Es, quod relinquis deinde, si subtraxeris;
+  Si rite tandem quaeritas originem,
+  Ad sibilum, vix ad sonum, reverteris."
+
+EFFIGY.
+
+_Jack and Gill--Sir Hubbard de Hoy._--Having recently amused myself by a
+dive into old Tusser's _Husbandrie_, the following passages suggested
+themselves as fitting _Queries_ for your pages:
+
+_Jack and Gill._--
+
+ "Let Jack nor Gill
+  Fetch corn at will."
+
+Can the "Jack and Gill" of our nursery tales be traced to an earlier date
+than Tusser's time?
+
+_Hobble de Hoy._--Speaking of the periods of a man's life, Tusser's advice,
+from the age of fourteen years to twenty-one, is to "Keep under Sir Hubbard
+de Hoy." Is it known whether there ever existed a personage so named,
+either as a legend or a myth? And if not, what is the origin of the modern
+term "Hobble de Hoy" as a designation for a stripling? Bailey omits it in
+his _Dictionary_.
+
+L. A. M.
+
+_Humphrey Hawarden._--Information is solicited respecting this individual,
+who was a Doctor of Laws, and living in 1494. Also, of a Justice Port,
+living about the same period.
+
+T. HUGHES.
+
+Chester.
+
+_"Populus vult decipi."_--
+
+ "Populus  }               {
+  Mundus   }  vult decipi  { et decipiatur,
+  Vulgus   }               { decipiatur ergo."
+
+Who was the author of the maxim? which is its correct form? and where is it
+to be found? It seems to present another curious instance of our ignorance
+of things with which we are familiar. I have put the question to a dozen
+scholars, fellows of colleges, barristers, &c. &c., and none has been able
+to give me an answer. One only _thinks_ it was a dictum of some Pope.
+
+HARRY LEROY TEMPLE.
+
+_Sheriffs of Huntingdonshire and Cambridgeshire._--Where can any list of
+the sheriffs for these counties be found, _previous_ to the list given by
+Fuller from the time of Henry VIII.?
+
+D.
+
+_Harris._--The Rev. William Harris, B.A., was presented, by Thomas Pindar,
+Esq., to the vicarage of Luddington, Lincolnshire, on the 7th August, 1722.
+Mr. Harris died here in June, 1748, aged eighty-two. On his tomb is
+inscribed,--
+
+ "Illi satis licuit
+  Nunc veterum libris, nunc
+  Somno, et inertibus horis
+  Ducere solicitae jucunda oblivio vitae."
+
+A tradition of his being a wizard still lingers in the village, and I
+should be very glad to receive any particulars respecting him. From an
+inspection of his will at Lincoln, it appears that he used the coat of the
+ancient family of Harris of Radford, Devon, and that his wife's name was
+Honora, a Christian name not infrequent about that period in families of
+the West of England also, as, for instance, Honora, daughter of Sir Richard
+Rogers of Bryanstone, who married Edward Lord Beauchamp, and had a daughter
+Honora, who married Sir Ferdinand Sutton; Honora, the wife of Harry Conway,
+Esq., of Bodrhyddan, Flint; Honora, daughter of Edward Fortescue of
+Fallapit; besides others.
+
+W. H. LAMMIN.
+
+Fulham.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Replies.
+
+BISHOP BUTLER.
+
+(Vol. vii., p. 528.)
+
+"Charity thinketh no evil;" but we must feel both surprise and regret that
+any one should, in 1853, consider it a doubtful question whether Bishop
+Butler died in the communion of the Church of England. The bishop has now
+been in his grave more than a hundred years; but Warburton says truly, "How
+light a matter very often subjects the best-established characters to the
+suspicions of posterity--how ready is a remote age to catch at a low
+revived slander, which the times that brought it forth saw despised and
+forgotten almost in its birth."
+
+X. Y. Z. says he would be glad to have this charge (originally brought
+forward in 1767) _sifted_. He will find that it has been sifted, and in the
+most full and satisfactory manner, by persons of no less distinction than
+Archbishop Secker and Bishop Halifax. The strong language employed by the
+archbishop, when refuting what he terms {573} a "gross and scandalous
+falsehood," and when asserting the bishops "abhorrence of popery," need not
+here be quoted, as "N.& Q." is not the most proper channel for the
+discussion of theological subjects; but it is alleged that every man of
+sense and candour was convinced _at the time_ that the charge should be
+retracted; and it must be a satisfaction to your correspondent to know,
+that as Bishop Butler lived so he _died_, in full communion with that
+Church, which he adorned equally by his matchless writings, sanctity of
+manners, and spotless life.[4]
+
+J. H. MARKLAND.
+
+Bath.
+
+[Footnote 4: Your correspondent may be referred to _Memoirs of the Life of
+Bishop Butler_, by a connexion of his own, the Rev. Thomas Bartlett, A.M.,
+published in 1839; and to a review of the same work in the _Quarterly
+Review_, vol. lxiv. p. 331.]
+
+In reference to the Query by X. Y. Z., as to whether Bishop Butler died in
+the Roman Catholic communion, allow me to refer your correspondent to the
+contents of the letters from Dr. Forster and Bishop Benson to Secker, then
+Bishop of Oxford, concerning the last illness and death of the prelate in
+question, deposited at Lambeth amongst the private MSS. of Archbishop
+Seeker, "as negative arguments against the calumny of his dying a Papist."
+
+Than the allegations that Butler died with a Roman Catholic book of
+devotion in his hand, and that the last person in whose company he was seen
+was a priest of that persuasion, nothing can be more unreasonable, if at
+least it be meant to deduce from these unproved statements that the bishop
+agreed with the one and held communion with the other. Dr. Forster, his
+chaplain, was with him at his death, which happened about 11 A.M., June 16;
+and this witness observes (in a letter to the Bishop of Oxford, June 18)
+that "the last four-and-twenty hours preceding which [_i. e._ his death]
+were divided between short broken slumbers, and intervals of a calm but
+disordered talk when awake." Again (letter to Ditto, June 17), Forster says
+that Bishop Butler, "when, for a day or two before his death, he had in a
+great measure lost the use of his faculties, was perpetually talking of
+writing to your lordship, though without seeming to have anything which, at
+least, he was at all capable of communicating to you." Bishop Benson writes
+to the Bishop of Oxford (June 12) that Butler's "attention to any one or
+anything is immediately lost and gone;" and, "my lord is incapable, not
+only of reading, but attending to anything read or said." And again, "his
+attention to anything is very little or none."
+
+There was certainly an interval between this time (June 12) and "the last
+four-and-twenty hours" preceding his death, during which, writes Bishop
+Benson (June 17), Butler "said kind and affecting things more than I could
+bear." Yet, on the whole, I submit that these extracts, if fully weighed
+and considered with all the attending circumstances, contain enough of even
+positive evidence to refute conclusively the injurious suspicions alluded
+to by X. Y. Z., if such are still current.
+
+J. R. C.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+MITIGATION OF CAPITAL PUNISHMENT TO FORGERS.
+
+(Vol. iv., p. 434., &c.)
+
+I have asked many questions, and turned over many volumes and files of
+newspapers, to get at the real facts of the cases of mitigation stated in
+"N. & Q." Having winnowed the chaff as thoroughly as I could, I send the
+very few grains I have found. Those only who have searched annual
+registers, magazines, and journals for the foundation of stories defective
+in names and dates, will appreciate my difficulties.
+
+I have not found any printed account of the "Jeannie Deans" case, "N. &
+Q.," Vol. iv., p. 434.; Vol. v., p. 444.; Vol. vi., p. 153. I have inquired
+of the older members of the Northern Circuit, and they never heard of it.
+Still a young man may have been convicted of forgery "about thirty-five
+years ago:" his sister may have presented a well-signed petition to the
+judges, and the sentence may have been commuted without the tradition
+surviving on the circuit. All however agree, that no man who ever sat on
+the bench deserved the imputation of "obduracy" less than Baron Graham. I
+should not have noticed the anecdote but for its _mythic_ accompaniments,
+which I disposed of in "N. & Q.," Vol. v., p. 444.
+
+In Vol. vi., p. 496., W. W. cites from Wade's _British History_:
+
+    "July 22, 1814. Admiral William B----y found guilty of forging letters
+    to defraud the revenue. He was sentenced to death, which was commuted
+    to banishment."
+
+The case is reported in _The Sun_, July 25, 1814; and the subsequent facts
+are in _The Times_, July 30, and August 16 and 20. It was tried before Mr.
+Justice Dampier at the Winchester Summer Assizes. There were five bills
+against the prisoner for forgery, and one for a fraud. That on which he was
+convicted, was for defrauding the post-master of Gosport of 3l. 8s. 6d. He
+took to the post-office a packet of 114 letters, which he said were "ship
+letters," from the "Mary and Jane." He received the postage, and signed the
+receipt "W. Johnstone." The letters were fictitious. The case was fully
+proved, and he received sentence of death. He was respited for a fortnight,
+and afterwards during the pleasure of the Prince Regent. He was struck off
+the list of retired {574} rear-admirals. It was proved at the trial, that,
+in 1809, he commanded "The Plantagenet;" but, _from the unsettled state of
+his mind_, the command had been given up to the first lieutenant, and that
+he was shortly after superseded. This, and the good character he received,
+were probably held to excuse the pardon.
+
+I now come to the great case of George III. and Mr. Fawcett. I much regret
+that WHUNSIDE has not replied in your pages to my question (Vol. vii., p.
+163.), as I could then have commented upon the facts, and his means of
+knowing them, with more freedom. I have a private communication from him,
+which is ample and candid. He objects to bring his name before the public,
+and I have no right to press that point. He is not _quite_ certain as to
+the convict's name, but can procure it for me. He would rather that it
+should not be published, as it might give pain to a respectable family.
+Appreciating the objection, and having no use for it except to publish, I
+have declined to ask it of him.
+
+The case occurred in 1802 or 1803, when WHUNSIDE was a pupil of Mr.
+Fawcett. He says:
+
+    "Occasionally Mr. Fawcett used to allow certain portions of a weekly
+    newspaper to be read to the boys on a Saturday evening. This case was
+    read to us, I think from the _Leeds Mercury_; and though Mr. Fawcett's
+    name was not mentioned, we were all aware who the minister was."
+
+Thus we have no _direct_ evidence of the amount of Mr. Fawcett's
+communications with George III. How much of the story as it is now told was
+read to the boys, we do not know; but that it came to them first through a
+weekly paper, is rather against than for it.
+
+We all know the tendency of good stories to pick up additions as they go. I
+have read that the first edition of the _Life of Loyola_ was without
+miracles. This anecdote seems to have reached its full growth in 1823, in
+Pearson's _Life of W. Hey, Esq._, and probably in the two lives of George
+III., published after his death, and mentioned by WHUNSIDE. Pearson, as
+cited in "N. & Q.," Vol. vi., p. 276., says, that by some means the _Essay
+on Anger_ had been recommended to the notice of George III., who would have
+made the author a bishop had he not been a dissenter; that he signified his
+wish to serve Mr. Fawcett, &c. That on the conviction of H----, Mr. Fawcett
+wrote to the king; and a letter soon arrived, conveying the welcome
+intelligence, "You may rest assured that his life is safe," &c.
+
+It is not stated that this was "private and confidential:" if it was, Mr.
+Fawcett had no right to mention it; if it was not, he had no reason for
+concealing what was so much to his honour, and so extraordinary as the
+king's personal interference in a matter invariably left to the Secretary
+of State for the Home Department. If, however, Mr. Fawcett was silent from
+modesty, his biographers had no inducement to be so; yet, let us see how
+they state the case. The _Account of the Life, Writings, and Ministry of
+the late Rev. John Fawcett_: London, 1818, cited in "N. & Q.," Vol. vi., p.
+229., says:
+
+    "He was induced, _in conjunction with others_, to solicit the exercise
+    of royal clemency in mitigating the severity of that punishment which
+    the law denounces: and it gladdened the sympathetic feelings of his
+    heart to know that these petitions were not unavailing; but the modesty
+    of his character made him regret the publicity which had been given to
+    this subject."
+
+The fifth edition of the _Essay on Anger, printed for the Book Society for
+Promoting Religious Knowledge_, London, no date, has a memoir of the
+author. The "incident" is said not to have been circulated _in any
+publication by the family_; but "it was one of the secrets which obtain a
+wider circulation from the reserve with which one relator invariably
+retails it to another." That is exactly my view. Secrecy contributes to
+diffusion, but not to accuracy. At the risk of being thought tedious, I
+must copy the rest of this statement:
+
+    "Soon after the publication of this treatise, _the author took an
+    opportunity of presenting a copy_ to our late much revered sovereign;
+    whose ear was always accessible to merit, however obscure the
+    individual in whom it was found. Contrary to the fate of most
+    publications laid at the feet of royalty, it was diligently perused and
+    admired; and a communication of this approbation was afterwards made
+    known to the author. It happened some time afterwards, a relative of
+    one of his friends was convicted of a capital crime, for which he was
+    left for execution. Application was instantly made for an extension of
+    royal favour in his behalf; and, among others, one was made by Mr.
+    Fawcett: and his majesty, _no doubt recollecting the pleasure he had
+    derived from the perusal of his_ Essay on Anger, _and believing that he
+    would not recommend an improper person to royal favour_, was most
+    graciously pleased to answer the prayer of the petition; but _as to
+    precisely how far the name of Mr. Fawcett might have contributed to
+    this successful application must await the great disclosures of a
+    future judgment._"
+
+The reader will sift this jumble of inferences and facts, and perhaps will
+not go so far as to have "no doubt."
+
+WHUNSIDE tells me, that about 1807 he employed a bookbinder from Halifax;
+who, on hearing that he had been a pupil of Mr. Fawcett, said he had seen
+two copies of the _Essay on Anger_, most beautifully bound, to be sent to
+the king.
+
+The conclusion to which I come is, that Mr. Fawcett sent a copy of the
+_Essay on Anger_ to the king; that the receipt of it was acknowledged,
+possibly in some way more complimentary than the ordinary circular; that a
+young man was convicted of forgery; that Mr. Fawcett and others petitioned
+for his pardon, and that he was {575} pardoned. All the rest I hold to be
+mere rumours, not countenanced by Mr. Fawcett or his family, and not
+_asserted_ by his biographers.
+
+H. B. C.
+
+U. U. Club.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+MYTHE VERSUS MYTH.
+
+(Vol. vii., p. 326.)
+
+MR. KEIGHTLEY'S rule is only partially true, and in the part which is true
+is not fully stated. The following rules, qualified by the accompanying
+remarks, will I trust be found substantially correct.
+
+English monosyllables, formed from Greek or Latin monosyllabic roots,
+
+(1.) When the root ends in a single consonant preceded by a vowel, require
+the lengthening e.
+
+(2.) When the root ends in a single consonant preceded by a diphthong, or
+in more than one consonant preceded by a vowel, reject the e.
+
+1. Examples from the Greek:--[Greek: schem-a], _scheme_; [Greek: lur-a]
+(lyr-a), _lyre_; [Greek: zon-e] (zon-a), _zon-e_; [Greek: bas-is], _base_;
+[Greek: phras-is], _phras-e_; [Greek: trop-os], _trop-e_. From Latin,
+ros-a, _ros-e_; fin-is, _fin-e_; fum-us, _fum-e_; pur-us, _pur-e_; grad-us,
+_grad-e_. Compare, in verbs, ced-o, _ced-e_.
+
+_Remarks._--This rule admits of a modification; _e.g._ we form from [Greek:
+zel-os] _zeal_ (the sound hardly perceptibly differing from _zel-e_); from
+[Greek: hor-a] (hor-a), _hour_; from flos (flor-is), _flower_ and _flour_
+(the long sound communicated to the vowel in the other words by the added
+_e_, being in these already contained in the diphthong). Add ven-a, _vein_;
+van-us, _vain_; sol-um, _soil_, &c.; and compare _-ceed_ in _proceed_,
+_succeed_, formed from compounds of ced-o. Some, but not all, of these
+words have come to us through the French.
+
+2. Examples from the Greek:--[Greek: rheum-a], _rheum_; [Greek: chasm-a],
+_chasm_; [Greek: murr-a], _myrrh_; [Greek: gloss-a], _gloss_; [Greek:
+numph-e] (nymph-a), _nymph_; [Greek: disk-os], (disc-us), _disk_; [Greek:
+plinth-os], _plinth_; [Greek: psalm-os], _psalm_. From Latin, fraus
+(fraud-is), _fraud_; laus (laud-is), _laud_; plant-a, _plant_; orb-is,
+_orb_; plumb-um, _plumb_; long-us, _long_, flux-us, _flux_; port-us,
+_port_. Compare, in verbs, damn-o, _damn_; err-o, _err_; add-o, _add_;
+vex-o, _vex_.
+
+_Remarks._--From roots ending in the same consonant doubled, our derived
+words ordinarily drop one of them; _e.g._ [Greek: stemm-a], _stem_; gemm-a,
+_gem_; summ-a, _sum_; penn-a, _pen_; carr-us, _car_. (Note this tendency of
+our language, by comparing our _man_ with the German _mann_.)
+
+If the root ends in _s_ or _v_ preceded by a diphthong, or in a consonant
++_s_[5] or +_v_ preceded by a vowel, our derived words add _e_, _as_
+[Greek: paus-is] (paus-a), _paus-e_; caus-a, _cause-e_; naev-a, _nav-e_;
+puls-us, _puls-e_; dens-us, _dens-e_; [Greek: haps-is], _aps-e_; laps-us,
+_laps-e_; vers-us, _vers-e_; valv-a, _valv-e_; nerv-us, _nerv-e_.[6] The
+cause of this lies in the genius of our language, which totally rejects the
+ending _v_, and uses _s_ (single) very sparingly in the singular number,
+except in the ending _ous_, the genitive case, the third person of the
+present tense, the obsolete _wis_, and _was_. Other words are, the
+interjection _alas_; pronouns or pronominal particles; proper names, as
+_Thomas_, _Chaos_; compounds, as _Lammas_, _Christmas_; _plural_ adverbs,
+as _towards_, _thereabouts_; and the (perhaps) _plural_--it ought to be
+so--_alms_.[7]
+
+From roots ending in a mute +_a_ liquid, our derived words also end in _e_,
+and are then in fact dissyllables; _e.g._ [Greek: bibl-os], _bible_;
+[Greek: kukl-os], _cycl-e_; [Greek: mitr-a], _mitr-e_; [Greek: nitr-on],
+_nitr-e_; [Greek: petr-os], _petr-e_. In this class of words the final
+letters (after the analogy of Latin) have sometimes become transposed;
+_e.g._ [Greek: lepr-os], _lep-er_. So now-a-days, _cent-er_ as well as
+_centr-e_. Compare _metr-e_, _diamet-er_.
+
+To apply our rules to the words required to be formed in an English shape
+from [Greek: muth-os].
+
+Very few words in our language end in _th_ which are not of purely native
+growth. _Frith_ is questionable exception. Besides the monosyllable
+_plinth_, we have imported from the Greek _colocynth_, _hyacinth_,
+_labyrinth_, with the proper names _Corinth_, _Erymanth_, all terminating
+in _nth_.
+
+In the ending _the_ our language does not rejoice. Most of such words are
+verbs, so distinguished from their cognate substantives, as _wreathe_ from
+_wreath_. We have, as substantives, _lathe_ (A.-S. [Saxon: leeth]), _hythe_
+([Saxon: hyeth]), _scythe_ (more properly _sithe_, [Saxon: siethe]), _tythe_
+([Saxon: tyethe]); as adjectives, _blithe_ ([Saxon: bliethe]), _lithe_ ([Saxon:
+lieth]). There may be one or two more.
+
+In all these the sounds is [Saxon: eth] (_th_ in _this_) not [Saxon: þ] (_th_
+in _thick_). This appears worth notice.
+
+On the whole, I should venture to say that so uncouth a slip as _mythe_,
+when set in our soil, was unlikely to thrive. Still _m[)y]th_ is
+objectionable, though we at Cambridge might quote _g[)y]p_ However I may
+seem to be a breaker of my own laws, I suggest, if we must have an English
+form of the word, that we should write and pronounce _m[=y]th_. Several
+words ending in _th_ have the preceding vowel lengthened, _e.g._ _both_,
+_sloth_, _ruth_, _truth_ (though with the inconsistency attributed to us,
+one, by the way, generally of orthography rather than pronunciation, we
+shorten the diphthong in _breath_, _death_). Compare also the sound of the
+endings _ild_ and _ind_.
+
+I have already troubled you with a very long Note; but, before I close,
+allow me to add that in what I have advanced I have had in view only our
+modern mode of spelling, without binding {576} myself to an opinion of its
+inferiority or superiority to that of our forefathers. I beg also to
+protest against MR. KEIGHTLEY'S wish to banish _mythical_ from our
+vocabulary. It may be _hybrid_, but equally so are _critical_,
+_grammatical_, _musical_, _physical_, _poetical_, with a long string of et
+ceteras.
+
+CHARLES THIRIOLD.
+
+[Footnote 5: Except _x_ (=_cs_). Compare _flax_, _wax_, _ox_.]
+
+[Footnote 6: From serv-us (after the French) we form _serf_.]
+
+[Footnote 7: _Rebus_, _overplus_, and _surplus_ may, if not satisfied, take
+an _omnibus_, bring their action at the _Nisi Prius_, and meet there with a
+_nonplus_.]
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+"INQUIRY INTO THE STATE OF THE UNION, BY THE WEDNESDAY CLUB IN FRIDAY
+STREET."
+
+(Vol. vii., pp. 261. 409.)
+
+This very able and valuable work, as to which your correspondent inquires,
+was written by Wm. Paterson, the projector of the Bank of England and the
+Darien scheme; a great and memorable name, but which, to the discredit of
+British biography, will be sought for in vain in Chalmers's or our other
+biographical dictionaries. The book above noticed appears to be a
+continuation of another tract by the same author, entitled _An Inquiry into
+the Reasonableness and Consequences of an Union with Scotland, containing a
+brief Deduction of what hath been done, designed, or proposed in the Matter
+of the Union during the last Age, a Scheme of an Union as accommodated to
+the present Circumstances of the two Nations, also States of the respective
+Revenues, Debts, Weights, Measures, Taxes, and Impositions, and of other
+Facts of moment: with Observations thereupon, as communicated to Laurence
+Philips, Esq., near York_: London, printed and sold by R. Bragg, 1706,
+8vo., 160 pages. This was preceded by an earlier tract by the same author:
+_Conferences on the Public Debts, by the Wednesday's Club in Friday
+Street_: London, 1695, 4to. The last is noticed, with a short account of
+the author, by Mr. M^cCulloch (_Lib. of Political Economy_, p. 159.), but
+he has not mentioned the two other works previously adverted to. In all of
+them the author adopts the form of a report of the proceedings of a club;
+but, without attempting to deny the actual existence of a Wednesday's club
+in Friday Street (the designation he assumes for it), nothing can be more
+clear to any one who reads the three tracts than that the conversations,
+proceedings, and personages mentioned are all the creatures of his own
+fertile invention, and made use of, more conveniently to bring out his
+facts, arguments, and statements. The dramatic form he gives them makes
+even the dry details of finance amusing; and abounding, as they do, in
+information and thought, these works may always be consulted with profit
+and pleasure. The _Inquiry into the State of the Union_, 1717, 8vo., for
+which Walpole is said to have furnished some of the materials, was
+answered, but rather feebly, in an anonymous pamphlet entitled _Wednesday
+Club Law; or the Injustice, Dishonour, and Ill Policy of breaking into
+Parliamentary Contracts for public Debts_: London, printed for E. Smith,
+1717, 8vo., pp. 38. The author of this pamphlet appears to have been a Mr.
+Broome. Those who would wish see one of the financial questions discussed
+in the _Inquiry_ treated with equal force and ability, and with similar
+views, by a great cotemporary of Paterson, whose pamphlet came out
+simultaneously, may read _Fair Payment no Spunge; or some Considerations on
+the Unreasonableness of refusing to receive back Money lent on public
+Securities, and the Necessity of setting the Nation free from the
+unsupportable Burthen of Debt and Taxes, with a View of the great Advantage
+and Benefit which will arise to Trade and to the Landed Interest, as well
+as to the Poor, by having these heavy Grievances taken off_: London,
+printed and sold by Brotherton: Meadows and Roberts, 1717, 8vo., pp. 79.
+This is one of the pamphlets which, though it has been sometimes
+erroneously assigned to Paterson, both on external and internal evidence
+may be confidently attributed to Defoe, but which has unaccountably escaped
+the notice of all his biographers.
+
+JAMES CROSSLEY.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+UNPUBLISHED EPIGRAM BY SIR W. SCOTT (?).
+
+(Vol. vii., p. 498.)
+
+The lines which your correspondent R. VINCENT attributes to Sir Walter
+Scott are part of an old English inscription which Longfellow quotes in
+_Outremer_, p. 66., and thus describes in a note:
+
+    "I subjoin this relic of old English verse entire.... It is copied from
+    a book whose title I have forgotten, and of which I have but a single
+    leaf, containing the poem. In describing the antiquities of the church
+    of Stratford-upon-Avon, the writer gives the following account of a
+    very old painting upon the wall, and of the poem which served as its
+    motto. The painting is no longer visible, having been effaced in
+    repairing the church:
+
+    "'Against the west wall of the nave, on the south side of the arch, was
+    painted the martyrdom of Thomas a Becket, while kneeling at the altar
+    of St. Benedict, in Canterbury Cathedral. Below this was the figure of
+    an angel, probably St. Michael, supporting a long scroll, upon which
+    were seven stanzas in old English, being an allegory of mortality.'"
+
+The lines given at p. 498. of "N. & Q." seem to be taken from the two
+following stanzas, which stand third and fourth in the old inscription:
+
+ "_Erth apon erth wynnys castellys and towrys,_
+  _Then seth erth unto erth thys ys all owrys._
+  When erth apon erth hath bylde hys bowrys,
+  Then schall erth for erth suffur many hard schowrys.
+
+ "Erth goth apon erth as man apon mowld,
+  Lyke as erth apon erth never goo schold,
+  _Erth goth apon erth as gelsteryng gold,_
+  _And yet schall erth unto erth rather than he wold._"
+
+{577}
+
+Dugdale, in his _Antiquities of Warwickshire_, p. 517., tells us that John
+de Stratford, who was Archbishop of Canterbury in the reign of Edward III.,
+built a chapel on the south side of the church, "to the honour of God and
+of St. Thomas the Martyr;" and as at p. 521. he describes it as "in the
+south ile of the said church," the west wall of this chapel answers very
+well the description of the position of the painting, and inscription. But
+in _The Beauties of England and Wales_, vol. xv. p. 238., _the chapel of
+the gild of the Holy Cross_, in the centre of the town, is mentioned as the
+place in which the pictures were discovered, during some repairs which it
+underwent in the year 1804.
+
+I have since ascertained that the work to which Longfellow refers is
+Weaver's _Account of Stratford-upon-Avon_.
+
+ERICA.
+
+As a companion to the _unpublished_ epigram in No. 186. of "N. & Q.," I beg
+to hand you the following epitaph, copied by myself about thirty years
+since, and referring, as I _believe_, to an old brass in the church of St.
+Helen's, London:
+
+ "Here lyeth y^e bodyes of
+  James Pomley, y^e sonne of ould
+  Dominick Pomley and Jane his
+  Wyfe: y^e said James deceased y^e 7^{th}
+  day of Januarie Anno Domini 1592
+  he beyng of y^e age of 88 years, and
+  y^e sayd Jane deceased y^e ---- day
+  of ----  D----.
+
+  Earth goeth up[=o] earth as moulde up[=o] moulde;
+  Earth goeth up[=o] earth all glittering as golde,
+  As though earth to y^e earth never turne shoulde;
+  And yet shall earth to y^e earth sooner than he woulde."
+
+WILLIAM WILLIAMS.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+CHURCH CATECHISM.
+
+(Vol. vii., pp. 190. 463.)
+
+In accordance with the request of Z. E. R., I have pleasure in forwarding
+the extracts from the _Catechismus brevis et Catholicus_, referred to at
+pp. 190. 463. of the present volume. It is needful to premise, 1. That the
+pages of the catechism are not numbered. This will account for the absence
+of precise references. 2. That only so much is quoted as may exhibit the
+parallelism; and, 3. That the citations are not consecutive in the
+original, but arranged in the order of the questions and answers of the
+_Church Catechism_, beginning with the fourteenth question, "How many
+sacraments hath Christ ordained in His Church?"
+
+Q. 14. How many, &c.
+
+    "Quot sunt Ecclesiae Catholicae Sacramenta?
+
+    Septem sunt in universum," &c.
+
+    "Quis instituit Baptismum?
+
+    Ipse Servator ac Dominus noster Jesus Christus."
+
+    [_Similarly of the Eucharist._]
+
+Q. 15. What meanest thou, &c.
+
+    "Ecquur haec ipsa--et dicantur et sint Sacramenta?
+
+    Sacramenta sunt et dicuntur quia sacra atque efficacia sunt signa
+    divinae erga nos voluntatis."
+
+Q. 16. How many parts, &c.
+
+    "Habetque unumquodque horum (quod sacramentis peculiare est verbum)
+    Elementum, et Gratiam invisibilem. Quod verbum nos docet, et promittit
+    nobis, hoc Elementum seu visibile signum similitudine quadam
+    demonstrat, hoc idem Gratia quoque (nisi tamen obicem objiciat homo) in
+    anima invisibiliter operatur.
+
+    Da paucis singulorum Sacramentorum signa et invisibilem gratiam?"
+
+Q. 17. What is the outward, &c.
+
+    "In Baptismo signum externum Aqua est."
+
+Q. 18. What is the inward, &c.
+
+    "Quid efficit seu prodest Baptismus?
+
+    "Res seu gratia est renovatio et sanctificatio animae, ablutio omnium
+    peccatorum, adoptio baptizati in filium Dei.
+
+    'Baptizatus sum in Nomine Patris et Filii et Spiritus Sancti.'
+
+    "Tinctione illa aquae, operationeque Spiritus Sancti, eripitur
+    baptizatus a regno et tyrannide diaboli, donatur remissione peccatorum
+    ac innocentia, addicitur perpetuo uni veroque Deo Patri et Filio et
+    Spiritui Sancto, hujus denique filius atque haeres instituitur."
+
+Q. 19. What is required, &c.
+
+    "Requiritur in eo (adulto), et verus fidei usus, et vita professione
+    Christiana, Baptismique voto digna: hoc est ut corde credat, et ore
+    fidem confiteatur, utque peccatis mortificatis in vitae ambulet
+    novitate.
+
+    Proba sacrae Scripturae testimoniis, quod Fides in Baptizato requiratur."
+
+Q. 20. Why then are infants, &c.
+
+    "Sed quomodo infantes possunt credere, ut qui nondum usum habeant
+    rationis?
+
+    His fides Ecclesiae et susceptorum suffragatur, donec idonei fiant suo
+    illam assensu percipere, adhaec et fidei gratiam in Baptismo ii
+    consequuntur."
+
+Q. 21. Why was the Sacrament, &c.
+
+    "Quur vero sacram Eucharistiam Christus instituit?
+
+    ... Ut suae passionis ac mortis recordemur, eamque annuntiemus
+    perpetuo."
+
+Q. 22. What is the outward, &c.
+
+Q. 23. What is the inward, &c.
+
+    "Da paucis ... signa et invisibilem gratiam.
+
+    In Eucharistia, Elementum est panis ac vini species: res autem, verum
+    corpus, et verus Christi sanguis est, fructusque dignam sumptionem
+    sequentes."
+
+{578}
+
+Q. 24. What are the benefits, &c.
+
+    "Jam recense paucis quinam fructus dignam Eucharistae sumptionem
+    sequantur?
+
+    Principio quidem virtute escae hujus confirmamur in fide, munimur
+    adversus peccata, ad bonorum operum studium excitamur, et ad charitatem
+    inflammamur. Hinc vero per eam incorporamur adjungimurque capiti nostro
+    Christo, ut unum cum ipso constituamus corpus," &c.
+
+Q. 25. What is required, &c.
+
+    "Quonam pacto digne sumitur Eucharistia?
+
+    Digna sumptio, omnium primum requirit, ut homo peccata sua agnoscat ex
+    animo ob ea vere doleat--ac firmum etiam animo concipiat amplius non
+    peccandi propositum. Deinde exigit etiam digna sumptio, ut
+    communicaturus simultatem omnem odiumque animo eximat: reconcilietur
+    laeso, et charitatis contra viscera induat. Postremo vero et fides cum
+    primis in sumente requiritur ... ut credat corpus Christi pro se esse
+    traditum mortem, et sanguinem ejus in remissionem peccatorum suorum
+    vere effusum," &c.
+
+I fear the unavoidable length of the previous extracts will be against the
+insertion of the full title of the book, and one remark. The title is,--
+
+    "Catechismus brevis et Catholicus in gratiam Juventutis conscriptus,
+    Autore Iacobo Schoeppero, Ecclesiasta Tremoniano. Cui accessit Pium
+    diurnarum precum Enchiridion, ex quo pueri toto die cum Deo colloqui
+    discant. Antverpiae, apud Ioan. Bellerum ad insigne Falconis, 1555."
+
+My remark is, that some of the coincidences above enumerated are at least
+singular, though they do not perhaps _prove_ that the compiler of the
+_Church Catechism_, in the places referred to, had them before him.
+
+B. H. C.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+JACOB BOBART, ETC.
+
+(Vol. vii., p. 428.)
+
+Of old Jacob Bobart, who originally came from Brunswick, Granger (_Biog.
+Hist._, vol. v. p. 287., edit. 1824) gives us the following account:
+
+    "Jacob Bobart, a German, whom Plot styles 'an excellent gardener and
+    botanist,' was, by the Earl of Danby, founder of the physic-garden at
+    Oxford, appointed the first keeper of it. He was author of _Catalogus
+    Plantarum Horti Medici Oxoniensis, scil. Latino-Anglicus et
+    Anglico-Latinus_: Oxon. 1648, 8vo. One singularity I have heard of him
+    from a gentleman of unquestionable veracity, that on rejoicing days he
+    used to have his beard tagged with silver. The same gentleman informed
+    me, that there is a portrait of him in the possession of one of the
+    corporation at Woodstock. He died the 4th of February, 1679, in the
+    eighty-first year of his age. He had two sons, Tillemant and Jacob, who
+    both belonged to the physic-garden. It appears that the latter
+    succeeded him in his office."
+
+There is a very fine print of the elder Bobart, now extremely scarce, "D.
+Loggan del., M. Burghers, sculp." It is a quarto of the largest size.
+Beneath the head, which is dated 1675, is this distich:
+
+ "Thou German prince of plants, each year to thee
+  Thousands of subjects grant a subsidy."
+
+In John Evelyn's _Diary_, under the date Oct. 24, 1664, is the following
+entry:
+
+    "Next to Wadham, and the physic garden, where were two large
+    locust-trees, and as many platani (plane-trees), and some rare plants
+    under the culture of old Bobart."
+
+The editor of the last edition, after repeating part of Granger's note, and
+mentioning the portrait, adds:
+
+    "There is a small whole-length in the frontispiece of _Vertumnus_, a
+    poem on that garden. In this he is dressed in a long vest, with a
+    beard. One of his family was bred up at college in Oxford; but quitted
+    his studies for the profession of the whip, driving one of the Oxford
+    coaches (his own property) for many years with great credit. In 1813 he
+    broke his leg by an accident; and in 1814, from the respect he had
+    acquired by his good conduct, he was appointed by the University to the
+    place of one of the Esquire Beadles."
+
+_Vertumnus_, the poem mentioned in the above note, was addressed to Mr.
+Jacob Bobart, in 1713, by Dr. Evans. It is a laudatory epistle on the
+botanical knowledge of the Bobarts; and we learn from it that Jacob, the
+younger, collected a _Hortus Siccus_ (a collection of plants pasted upon
+paper, and kept dry in a book) in twenty volumes.
+
+ "Thy _Hortus Siccus_ ...
+  In tomes twice ten, that world immense!
+  By thee compiled at vast expense."
+
+The broadsides about which H. T. BOBART inquires are of the greatest
+possible rarity. They were the production of Edmund Gayton, the author of
+_Festivious Notes on Don Quixote_, &c. Copies may be seen in the Ashmolean
+Library, under the press-marks Nos. 423. and 438., but I think not in any
+other repository of a like nature.
+
+Among the Ashmolean MSS. (No. 36, art. 296.) is a poem of 110 lines "Upon
+the most hopeful and ever-flourishing Sprouts of Valour, the indefatigable
+Centrys of the Physick-Garden." This, I apprehend, is a MS. copy of the
+first broadside mentioned by your correspondent.
+
+I shall merely add, the Bobarts, father and son, were personal friends of
+Ashmole and Ray, and that, in all probability, among their correspondence
+much curious and minute information might be obtained.
+
+EDWARD F. RIMBAULT.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+"ITS."
+
+(Vol. vii., p. 510.)
+
+I was somewhat surprised to find, in No. 186. of "N. & Q.," two instances
+quoted of the use of the {579} word "its" in the version of the Bible. It
+has long been an established opinion that this word did not exist in it;
+and the fact has been recently referred to by two different authorities,
+MR. KEIGHTLEY in "N. & Q.," Vol. vii., p. 160., and Mr. Watts of the
+British Museum, in a paper "On some philological peculiarities in the
+English authorised Version of the Bible," read before the Philological
+Society on December 10, 1852.
+
+Feeling curious on the subject, I have taken the trouble of referring to
+several different versions of the Bible in the British Museum, and the
+following _variorum_ readings of the verses quoted by your correspondent
+B. H. C. are the result:
+
+1. The Wickliffite version, before 1390 (edit. Forshall and Wadden):
+
+    "And he shal ben as a tree, that is plauntid beside the doun rennyngis
+    of watris; that _his_ frut shal [gh]ive in _his_ time."--Ps. i. 3.
+
+    "Duke of the weie thou were in _his_ (_sc._ the vine) si[gh]t; and thou
+    plauntidist _his_ rootis, and it fulfilde the erthe."--Ps. lxxx. 10.
+
+2. Coverdale's Bible, 1536:
+
+    "Y^t br[=i]geth forth _his_ frute in due season."
+
+    "Thou maydest rowme for it, and caused it to take rote, so y^t it
+    fylled the l[=o]de."
+
+3. Matthews, 1537:
+
+    "That bryngeth forth _his_ frute in due season."
+
+    "Thou madest rowme for it, and caused it to take rote, so that it
+    fylled the lande."
+
+4. Cranmer, 1539:
+
+    "Y^t wyll brynge forth _hys_ frute in due season."
+
+    "Thou madest rowme for it, and whan it had taken rote it fylled y^e
+    lande."
+
+5. The Bishops' Bible, 1568:
+
+    "That bryngeth foorth _her_ fruite in due season."
+
+    "Thou madst roome before it, thou causedst it to take roote, and it
+    hath filled the lande."
+
+6. Geneva Bible, 1578. In this there are two translations, one "according
+to the Ebrewe," the other "used in the Common Prayer":
+
+    i. "That wil bring forth _her_ fruite in due season."
+
+    ii. "That will bring forth _his_ fruite in due season."
+
+    i. "Thou madest roome for it, and when it had taken roote, it filled
+    the lande."
+
+    ii. "Thou madest roume for it, and didest cause it to take roote, and
+    it filled the land."
+
+7. The Douay Bible (Roman Catholic version), 1609-10:
+
+    "Which shal geue _his_ fruite in _his_ time."
+
+    "Thou wast the guide of the way in the sight _thereof_; thou didst
+    plant the rootes _thereof_, and it filled the earth."
+
+8. Authorised version, 1611:
+
+    "That bringeth forth _his_ fruit in _his_ season."
+
+    "Thou preparedst roome before it, and didst cause it to take deepe
+    roote, and it filled the land."
+
+It will thus be perceived that "its" is wanting in all the above passages,
+and that "his," "her," and "thereof" invariably supply its place. I have
+been equally unsuccessful in detecting the word in the Common Prayer-Book
+version of the Psalms, which is well known to be that of the "Great Bible,"
+or Cranmer's edition of 1539, and which has remained in use without
+alteration ever since. May I therefore ask B. H. C. to be so good as to
+point out the particular "Old version of the Psalms" from which he has
+derived his quotation?
+
+W. B. RYE.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+BOHN'S EDITION OF HOVEDEN.
+
+(Vol. vii., p. 495.)
+
+In reply to your correspondent's remarks (May 21) on my translation of
+Hoveden, I beg to state that, in suggesting Cork, I did not allude to the
+city of Cork, but the _territory_ of Desmond or Cork, which probably
+extended to within a short distance of Waterford. Hoveden more than once,
+in his foreign geography, confounds places with territories or kingdoms;
+this fact, and the similarity of the names, _Croch_ and _Corch_, as the
+kingdom of Cork is elsewhere called by him, led me to believe that a
+landing in the territory of Cork was meant. "Crook," "Hook Point," or "The
+Crook," is only _supposed_ to have been the place of landing on this
+occasion. I confess that I was not aware that "Erupolis" was an alias of
+the diocese of Ossory: I cannot find it mentioned as such in the
+dictionaries at my command. My Note, however, was worded in such a way as
+to give offence to no reasonable person: and, among the many hundreds,
+perhaps thousands of suggestions, made in the notes (in a proper spirit, I
+hope,) I should be greatly surprised to find that I had miscarried in none.
+For your correspondent's information, I beg to state, that I am not an
+Irishman either by birth or descent; and that I have never had the good
+fortune to pay a visit to that country. Were I inclined to follow his
+example in making remarks upon the "ominousness" of names, I might perhaps
+retaliate upon him with interest.
+
+Why I have forfeited all claim to be treated by this gentleman with
+courtesy or common politeness, I am quite at a loss to conceive; but I beg
+to remind him that vituperation does not carry conviction, and that
+criticism is enfeebled by an alliance with abuse.
+
+HENRY T. RILEY.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+BOOKS OF EMBLEMS.
+
+(Vol. vii., p. 469.)
+
+In your 185th Number, two or three Queries are proposed by the REV. MR.
+CORSER in {580} connexion with that interesting branch of literature called
+_Books of Emblems_. To these it shall be my endeavour to reply.
+
+First. Some years ago I made particular inquiry from the surviving
+relatives of the late Rev. William Beloe, whether among his manuscripts
+there had been found any "Treatise on Emblems," or any notices which had a
+bearing on the subject? They informed me that they had made search, but
+without success.
+
+Second. Of Thomas Combe, mentioned by Meres in his _Palladis Tamia_, I have
+been unable to learn anything.
+
+Third. It appears certain that Bunyan never published any _Book of
+Emblems_, whatever may have been hawked under his name; nor can I find, in
+the Account of his Life and Writings just published in Glasgow, Edinburgh,
+and London, or in any preceding edition of his works, that such a
+production was ever contemplated by him.
+
+Fourth. In the extensive and valuable "English Books of Emblems" furnished
+(chiefly from his own library) by MR. CORSER, he mentions R. Burton's
+_Choice Emblems, Divine and Moral; or Delights for the Ingenious, &c._,
+12mo. 1721. Perhaps my learned and accomplished friend may not be aware
+that _Burton_ is an _assumed_ name, placed in the title-pages of several
+cheap books which appeared at the end of the seventeenth and the beginning
+of the eighteenth centuries, but which were thought to have been written by
+a Mr. Nathaniel Crouch, a bookseller, who sold them. I have a sixth edition
+of these "choice emblems," dated 1732, which was then sold for "two
+shillings bound." The work is merely a collection of fifty emblems, taken,
+without acknowledgment, from George Wither, the copper-plate engravings
+being poor copies from those of Depasse. To this sixth edition there is
+prefixed a portrait of K. Charles I., with eight pages of sympathising
+verses.
+
+MR. CORSER'S list of English works is very complete. I possess, however, an
+unpublished manuscript translation of Alciato into English verse. It is of
+the time of James I., and possesses much merit; but it has unfortunately
+been mutilated.
+
+I also possess the following:
+
+    "Amorum Emblemata figuris aeneis incisa studio Othonis Vaeni,
+    Batavo-Lugdunensis. Emblemes of Love, with verses in Latin, English,
+    and Italian, obl. 4to.: Antverpiae, 1608."
+
+Prefixed is an English dedication "to the most Honourable and Worthy
+Brothers William, Earl of Pembroke, and Philip, Earl of Montgomerie,
+Patrons of Learning and Chevalrie," whose coat of arms also is given.
+
+    "The Doctrine of Morality, or a View of Human Life according to the
+    Stoic Philosophy, &c. A translation, by T. M. Gibbs, from the French of
+    M. De Gomberville, with 103 copper plates by Daret, folio: London,
+    1721."
+
+To each engraving are appended quotations from Horace, &c., with English
+translations: but both engravings and quotations have been pirated (without
+the least acknowledgment) from Van Veen's _Horatia Emblemata_.
+
+It must be admitted that a comprehensive work on European Books of Emblems,
+illustrated with fac-similes of the various engravings, &c., is a great
+desideratum in modern literature. I feel highly flattered by the kind
+commendations which MR. CORSER has bestowed upon my two small attempts
+towards such a work, and by his encouraging me to proceed "to enlarge and
+complete" the same. Now, I do not altogether despair of _enlarging_ it. But
+when my excellent friend puts forward a proposal to _complete_ it, he
+should be informed that my library alone contains nearly 250 volumes
+strictly emblematical, and published during the sixteenth and seventeenth
+centuries. By far the greater part of these are in Latin. To carry forward
+a work of such magnitude to anything like _completion_ must therefore be
+rather wished for than expected.
+
+JOS. B. YATES.
+
+West Dingle, near Liverpool.
+
+Allow me to add the following to MR. CORSER'S list:
+
+    "The Christian's Divine Amusement, consisting of Emblems and
+    Hieroglyphicks on a great Variety of Subjects, Moral and Divine, in
+    four books. By the late Rev. Mr. J. Jones. Embellished with near 100
+    beautiful emblematical cuts, 12mo. pp. 191.: London, 1764."
+
+I know not who the Rev. Mr. J. was, but his book is the old one of Francis
+Quarles. The author, or rather adapter, attacks and demolishes the fable as
+a method of instruction, and would substitute the emblems. In remodelling
+Quarles, Mr. Jones makes the following alterations, or
+improvements:--Instead of the Latin motto under each cut, he presents us
+with four lines of English verse, which contain a general explanation of
+the emblem. The page facing the cut he divides into two parts or sections
+of odes and hymns suited to common psalmody, and the moral, or application,
+also in a poetical dress.
+
+A prose work belonging to the class under notice is an
+
+    "Emblematical Representation of the Paradise of God; showing the Nature
+    of Spiritual Industry, in the similitude of a Garden well ordered,
+    dressed, and kept. London, 1779."
+
+The author of this was a visionary Scots gardener named Alexander Clark,
+who had been favoured with a special manifestation of divine glory, "by
+which," he says, "(to my own astonishment) I was enabled to see through
+every profound passage of Scripture, and to spiritualise every material
+thing;" but he belongs to my fanatical rather {581} than to my emblematical
+shelf, and may be worth a separate Note hereafter.
+
+Under the name of Farlie, or Fairlie, MR. CORSER mixes up the titles of two
+distinct books; they are now before me, and divide themselves thus:
+
+    1. "Lychnocavsia, sive Moralia Facvm Emblemata. Light's Moral Emblems.
+    Authore Roberto Farlaeo, Scoto-Britanno. 12mo.: London, Th. Cotes for M.
+    Sparke, 1638."
+
+Containing fifty-eight emblems in Latin and English, each with a cut, with
+a dedication in Latin to the Earl of Ancrum, and one in English to his
+Countess. There are also complimentary verses by J. Hooper, Christ.
+Drayton, Mr. Povey, Thos. Beedome, and Edm. Coleman.
+
+    2. "Kalendarium Humanae Vitae. The Kalendar of Man's Life. Authore R. F.,
+    S.-B. 12mo. London, for W. Hope, 1638."
+
+With a Latin dedication to his patron the Earl of Ancrum. The book contains
+verses upon the various stages of man's life, under the heads of Spring,
+Summer, Autumn, and Winter; again subdivided into moralisations upon the
+months, as corresponding with the periods of life, as "August, or Man's
+Youth," &c. This has also a variety of curious cuts, and both have engraved
+emblematical titles, the latter bearing on its face "G. Glover fecit."
+
+When book-rarities were in more request, these were costly little volumes;
+and I shall be glad if any of your correspondents can direct me where to
+find any notice of Robert Fairlie, the author of two of the most
+interesting of the emblematical series.
+
+J. O.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+PHOTOGRAPHIC CORRESPONDENCE.
+
+    [The following paper, which has been kindly communicated to us by MR.
+    POLLOCK at the request of DR. DIAMOND, describes a process which
+    deserves the especial attention of our photographic friends, for the
+    beauty and uniformity of its results.]
+
+MR. POLLOCK'S DIRECTIONS FOR OBTAINING POSITIVE PHOTOGRAPHS UPON
+ALBUMENISED PAPER.
+
+_The paper_ should be carefully chosen, by holding up every sheet to the
+light, and only those sheets which are homogeneous in appearance and free
+from spots should be kept for use.
+
+_The albumen_ should be obtained from new-laid hens' eggs; twenty-four is a
+convenient number to use at a time: these will yield twenty-four ounces of
+albumen, to which should be added six ounces of distilled writer (making
+thirty ounces in all) and four per cent. of chloride of ammonium, viz. one
+ounce and a quarter.
+
+The albumen water and chloride should be whipped with a silver fork for
+several minutes, and then put into a narrow tall jar, and allowed to stand
+for not less than two days (forty-eight hours). In cool weather it will
+keep well for eight days, at the end of which time the upper half of the
+albumen is to be poured off into a shallow vessel, rather larger than the
+sheets of paper intended to be albumenised.
+
+_To put the Albumen on the Paper._--Take a sheet by two opposite corners;
+turn one up; place the sheet boldly on the albumen, the centre first coming
+in contact with the albumen; lower the corners of the paper, gradually
+carefully excluding, the air. Let the sheet so placed remain four minutes:
+then take it by the turned up corner, and rip it from the albumen quickly,
+so as to carry up a quantity of the albumen with it. Let it drain for a
+minute or two, moving it so as not to allow the albumen to run in streaks;
+pin it to a piece of tape; and, when dry, pass a very hot iron over the
+back. This ends the albumenising process.
+
+_To make the Paper sensitive._--Place the albumenised side downwards, for
+four minutes, on the surface of a solution of nitrate of silver, of the
+strength of ninety grains to the ounce of distilled water; pin it up by one
+corner to dry, and keep it between pieces of blotting-paper. This must be
+done by yellow light, or the light of a candle.
+
+_To print from the Negative._--The simplest apparatus to have is a number
+of pieces of plate-glass a quarter of an inch thick, colourless, about
+twelve inches by ten in size.
+
+The sensitive paper is to be placed on one of the plates of glass,
+sensitive side upwards, and the negative is to be placed firmly upon it,
+collodion side downwards; and a second glass plate is then to be placed on
+the negative, and the whole arrangement exposed to the light. The time for
+exposure is from three minutes to an hour. With a little practice the
+negative can be lifted up, and the positive viewed front time to time,
+without any risk of displacement.
+
+The best rule is to print the lightest shade on the positive very decidedly
+darker than it would be wished that it should remain permanently.
+
+_To fix the Positive._--On removing it from the pressure frame, place it in
+a bath made as follows:
+
+  Water                                            6 oz.
+  Hyposulphite of soda                             1 oz.
+  Nitrate of silver solution, 50 grs. to oz.      15 minims.
+  Iodide of silver, dissolved in a saturated
+    solution of hypo.                             10 minims.
+  Chloride of gold                                 2 grains.
+  Chloride of silver (blackened by light)          5 grains.
+  Acetic acid                                      2 drops.
+
+Mix these: let them stand some hours; and filter before use. If the
+chloride of silver is omitted, the bath will do very well, but will very
+much improve with age, as it will acquire chloride of silver from the
+positives placed in it. {582}
+
+The time to leave the positive in the fixing bath varies from one hour to
+twelve. To get good black and white tints, the average time is five or six
+hours. When the desired tint is obtained, remove it into a bath composed of
+
+  Water      6 oz.
+  Hypo.      1 oz.
+
+Leave in this for half an hour, and then keep it in running water for
+several hours. If the water is hot, the time of soaking may be lessened:
+boiling water is objectionable. Nearly dry the positive between sheets of
+clean blotting-paper, and finish it by passing a very hot iron over it.
+
+_General Remarks._--The albumenised paper will keep any length of time in a
+dry place.
+
+When made sensitive, as directed, it will keep three days, always supposing
+that it is both prepared and kept most carefully excluded from white light.
+If, instead of a solution of nitrate of silver of ninety grains to the
+ounce, a weaker one be used, to make the paper sensitive, it will keep when
+sensitive a much longer time,--with a thirty-grain solution, a fortnight,
+or sometimes even a month; but then it does not give a positive of the same
+force and tone as that obtained with the stronger solution.
+
+After the fixing bath has done its day's work, it should be poured back
+into the bottle from which it came, and the bottle be filled up from the
+finishing bath; and so the bath is kept always of the same quantity; and by
+adding from time to time chloride of gold, it is kept of the same quality.
+
+The nitrate of silver and chloride of silver will never have to be renewed.
+The iodide of silver should be added as at first, viz. ten drops for about
+every two hundred positives fixed; and the acetic acid, viz. two drops for
+about every four hundred.
+
+In a bath of twenty-four ounces, as many as thirty positives, five inches
+by four, may be placed at one time: but the dark tints will then appear
+very slowly and gradually.
+
+To insure a good positive, next to having a good negative, it is most
+important to print of the right depth, neither too much nor too little.
+Great attention should be paid to this: for the finest tints are only to be
+obtained in positives exposed exactly the right time.
+
+Positives printed in a bright sun quickly are always better than those
+obtained by longer exposure without sun.
+
+H. P.
+
+21. Maddox Street, Regent Street.
+
+_Test for Lenses._--In applying the methods recommended in your last Number
+for the purpose of testing lenses, there is one precaution absolutely
+necessary to be taken, but which all your correspondents have omitted to
+point out. The operator must take care that his _focussing-glass_ is placed
+at precisely the same distance from the lens as the _collodionised_ glass
+is. To insure this, my practice is to place a piece of ground glass in the
+dark frame, which is afterwards to receive the collodionised glass, and to
+obtain the focus of the lens on that; then to put in the proposed plate,
+and obtain an impression as described by MR. SHADBOLT. In this way I secure
+myself from what I believe is often a source of fallacy in these
+experiments, and am sure that I give the lens a fair trial.
+
+E. S.
+
+_Washing Collodion Pictures._--I have never offered to your readers an
+opinion in photography without having _bona fide_ tested it, to the best of
+my ability; and however correct my friend MR. SHADBOLT may be, chemically
+and theoretically, I am convinced that in practice so good a tone is never
+obtained in a positive collodion picture which has been washed, as in one
+which has been instantly fixed with the old saturated solution of
+hyposulphite of soda. The unpleasant tints obtained upon positive collodion
+pictures, I believe to be much dependent upon the frequent washings in the
+proofs. When a collodion picture is properly treated, it surpasses in
+pleasing effect every other photograph.
+
+H. W. DIAMOND.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Replies to Minor Queries.
+
+_Cremonas_ (Vol. vii., p. 501.).--A discriminative account of the violins
+and basses by the great Italian makers, showing, in every ascertainable
+instance, the date of manufacture, and thereby forming to some extent a
+chronological catalogue, as it were, of the works of each master, would be,
+indeed, a curious and interesting achievement. Such a task, involving much
+consultation of books and examination of instruments, calls for sounder
+eye-sight and larger opportunities than are possessed by me; but I shall
+rejoice if the desire expressed by your correspondent H. C. K. shall be
+found to have stirred up some competent investigator. Time and accident are
+gradually attaching, to the fine instruments in question, a kind of
+_sibylline_ intensity of value; and the inquiry, if omitted now, may become
+impossible hereafter. Let us not fear, however, that those "cunning'st
+patterns of excelling art," the Amati, Stradivari, and Guarneri fiddles,
+will eventually perish without worthy issue, and "die, and leave the world
+no copy." Provision to the contrary, it seems, has already been made;
+Monsieur Vuillaume "has ta'en order for't," that is to say, _if_ his
+instruments, which at present look very like faithful fac-similes of the
+renowned classic prototypes, shall verify the confident predictions of
+their admirers, by continuing to stand the test of time.
+
+My authority for 1664 as the date of birth of Antonio Stradivari, is a
+living Belgian writer, Monsieur Fetis, who has not stated from whence {583}
+he has adopted it. I find that the Paris _Biographie Universelle_ gives no
+fixed date, but only a conjectural one, _about_ 1670, so that 1664 _may_
+possibly be right.
+
+G. DUBOURG.
+
+Brighton.
+
+_James Chaloner_ (Vol. vii., p. 334.).--MR. HUGHES is mistaken in imagining
+that James Chaloner the herald-painter was the same person as James
+Chaloner, Governor of the Isle of Man, and one of the judges of Charles I.
+He will find the error exposed by Chalmers (_Biog. Dict._, JAS. C.), and in
+my family, as descendants of the latter James Chaloner, there are among his
+papers many which prove the governor to have been (as MR. HUGHES doubts)
+the son of Sir Thomas Chaloner of Gisborough.
+
+Should any farther doubts remain on the subject, I shall be happy to give
+all information required concerning these papers, among which are the
+original commission of governor and captain, signed by Lenthal, and
+twenty-one letters from Lord Fairfax to his "dear cousin James Chaloner."
+The son of Sir Thomas Chaloner married Ursula Fairfax. It may be presumed
+the herald-painter did not stand in the same relationship to the
+Parliamentary general. Lord Fairfax thanks his correspondent for a copy of
+"his" _History of the Isle of Man_.
+
+URSULA.
+
+_Irish Convocation_ (Vol. vi., p. 317.; Vol. vii., p. 345.).--In vol. i. of
+_Letters written by the late Jonathan Swift, D.D., Dean of St. Patrick's,
+Dublin, and several of his Friends, from the Year 1703 to 1740, &c., with
+Notes, by John Hawkesworth, LL.D._: London, 1766,--will be found some
+account of the Irish Convocation in 1711. See Archbishop King's Letters at
+pp. 110, 111. 122, 123. 132, 133. 140, 141.
+
+J. K.
+
+_St. Paul's Epistle to Seneca_ (Vol. vii., p. 500.).--It is not manifest
+whether J. M. S. wishes for information simply respecting the MS. in Merton
+College, or whether his inquiry really relates to the _printing_ of the
+fourteen spurious epistles, eight of which are ascribed to Seneca, and six
+to St. Paul.
+
+If your correspondent is curious about the particular MS. he mentions,
+which is a very old one, and was the gift of William Reade, Bishop of
+Chichester (who had been a Fellow of Merton) about the year 1370, he may
+consult the _Catal. Lib. MSS. Ang. et Hib._, part. ii. p. 23., Oxon. 1697;
+and should he desire to peruse the fictitious Epistles, he may easily
+discover them in the _Bibliotheca Sancta_ of Sixtus Senensis, lib. ii. pp.
+102-104. Francof. 1575, or in Fabricii _Cod. Apoc. Nov. Test._, ii.
+892-904. Jacobus Faber Stapulensis has inserted them in the handsome volume
+of his _Commentaries on the Epistles of St. Paul_. (Fol. clxxvi.-clxxix.:
+Paris, 1517.) I find them also annexed to the _Epistole Francisci
+Philelphi_, 4to., Hagenau, 1514. So far as I can perceive, it does not
+appear that the correspondence in question was published amongst any of the
+works of Seneca earlier than the year 1475; and it is commonly omitted in
+later editions. (Fabr., _Bib. Lat._, i. 429.: Venet. 1728.) Vid. Raynaudi
+_Erotemata_, p. 119.: Lugd. 1653.; Nicolai Antonii _Biblioth. Hisp. vetus_,
+tom. i. pp. 39, 40.: Matriti, 1788.
+
+R. G.
+
+_Captain Ayloff_ (Vol. vii., p. 429.).--I possess a small volume (a 12mo.)
+by "Captain Ayloffe," with a title-page as follows:
+
+    "A Pocket Companion for Gentlemen and Ladies; being a true and faithful
+    Epitomy of the most exact and ample Histories of _England_; containing
+    all the material Particulars in every reign of the _English_ Monarchs,
+    from Egbert to her present Majesty, being 884 years. With forty-nine
+    Copper plates curiously engraved, being the effigies of every Monarch.
+    London, printed by J. Nutt, near Stationers' Hall, 1703."
+
+It is dedicated "To the Honourable Col. Archibald Row, Colonel of the Royal
+Regiment of Scots Fuzileers," and signed "W. Ayloffe." Then follows an
+introduction of six pages.
+
+Should the above be useful to MR. STERNBERG, I shall feel pleasure in
+having made the communication by means of the useful and intelligent
+publication of "N. & Q."
+
+GODDARD JOHNSON.
+
+_Plan of London_ (Vol. vii., p. 382.).--L. S. W. asks whether there is a
+good plan of London, and answers his Query thus, _None_. I beg to differ
+from him, believing that no city in the world possesses so good a plan as
+that lately made under the late Commissioners of Sewers. It is true I and
+my tenants have paid very dearly for it, but having examined both the
+reduced plan and block plan very carefully, am compelled to admit their
+accuracy. It is published in sheets at two shillings each; size, three feet
+by two feet; scale of _block plan_, five feet to one mile; _reduced plan_,
+one foot to one mile. On each plan accurate levels of every place is given.
+An index-map, price threepence, is also published.
+
+A. P.
+
+Canonbury.
+
+_Syriac Scriptures_ (Vol. vii., p. 479.).--The editions of the eighteenth
+and nineteenth centuries, preceding the Bible Society's edition, are,--
+
+    1. Nov. Testam. Syriac. et Arabic. Romae, typis Sacr. Cong. de prop.
+    Fide, 1703, fol.
+
+    2. Nov. D. N. Jesu Christi Test. Syriac. cum versione Latina, curra et
+    studio Joh. Leusden et Caroli Schaaf. Secunda editio a mendis purgata.
+    Lugduni. Bat. Typ. Jo. Mulleri. John. fil. apud Vid. et fil. Cornel.
+    Boutesteyn, Samuelem Luchtmans, 1717, 4to.
+
+    3. Biblia Sacra quadrilinguia N. T. Graeci, cum versione Syriaca, Graeca
+    vulgari, Latina, et Germanica, accurante M. Christ. Reineccio, Lips.
+    1713, fol.
+
+    4. Psalter, by John. Aug. Dathe, 1768.
+
+    {584} 5. Sacrorum evangeliorum versio Syriaca Pholoxeniana ex codd.
+    MSS. Ridleianis, nunc primum edita cum interpretatione et
+    annotationibus Josephi White. Oxon. 1778.
+
+    6. Pentateuchus Syriace. Ex Polyglottis Anglicanis summa fide edidit M.
+    Georgius Guil. Kirsch. Gymnasii quod Hofae est, in Principatu Baruthino
+    Rector. Hofae et Lipsiae ap. A. Fr. Boehm, 1787, 4to.
+
+An elaborate criticism on No. 5. (the Oxford edit.) appears in Eichhorn's
+_Repertorium_, vol. vii. p. 1., by D. Gottlob Christian Storr.
+
+T. J. BUCKTON.
+
+Birmingham.
+
+_Meaning of "Worth"_ (Vol. v., p. 509.).--As this suffix enters into the
+composition of many of our English surnames, particularly in the northern
+counties, MR. LOWER (and probably your readers in general) will be glad to
+have the explanation of an able Anglo-Saxon scholar and antiquary, the late
+lamented Mr. John Just of this town, whose merits as a philosopher and
+etymologist were highly appreciated by the learned societies in this
+district. It occurs in a paper read at a chapter of the Rosicrucians in
+Manchester a few months since:
+
+    "WORTH.--_Weorthe_, Anglo-Saxon, a field, &c. _Worth_ means land,
+    close, or farm. It does not necessarily imply any residence, although
+    thereon might be a hall or mansion. It likewise sometimes means nothing
+    more than road or public way. Hence it is connected with the names of
+    many places on our old roads, as Ainsworth, Edgeworth, on the Roman
+    military road to the north; Failsworth, Saddleworth, on the Roman
+    military road from Manchester to York; Unsworth, Pilsworth, on the old
+    road between Bury and Manchester; also Ashworth, Whitworth,
+    Butterworth, on old roads, and connected with old places, near
+    Rochdale. Whether originally land, closes, or farms, _worths_ were
+    acquired properties. The old expression of 'What is he worth?' in those
+    days meant, 'Has he land? Possesses he real property?' If he had
+    secured a _worth_ to himself, he was called a _worthy_ person, and in
+    consequence had _worship_, _i. e._ due respect shown him. A _worth_ was
+    the reward of the free; and perchance the fundamentals of English
+    freedom were primarily connected with such apparently trivial matters,
+    and produced such a race of _worthies_ as the proud Greeks and haughty
+    Romans might not be ashamed of. _Worth_ is pure Anglo-Saxon. The
+    Scandinavians applied it not in their intercourse with our island."
+
+BROCTUNA.
+
+Bury, Lancashire.
+
+_Khond Fable_ (Vol. vii., p. 452.).--This fable is clearly from Lokman, of
+which the following is Helot's translation:
+
+    "Une moustique se posa un jour sur la corne d'un taureau, et, pensant
+    qu'elle pouvait etre trop lourde pour lui, elle lui dit: 'Si je te suis
+    a charge, fais-le-moi savoir afin que je m'envole.' Le taureau lui
+    repondit: 'Je ne t'ai point sentie au moment ou tu es descendue, je ne
+    saurai pas davantage quand tu t'envoleras.' Cette fable regarde celui
+    qui cherche a s'attribuer de l'honneur et de la gloire tandis qu'il est
+    faible et meprisable."
+
+The sense of the Bull's reply in Arabic seems to be:
+
+    "O you, whatever you are [_Ya hadi_], I did not know when you
+    descended, nor shall I know when you take yourself off [_Taterin_]."
+
+A pointed reply, leaving the mosquito one horn of the dilemma.
+
+T. J. BUCKTON.
+
+Birmingham.
+
+The following lines by Prior immediately occurred to my mind on perusing
+J. C. R.'s interesting note. The points of resemblance between the two
+fables are somewhat striking:
+
+ "'Say, sire of insects, mighty Sol!'
+  A fly on the chariot pole cried out,
+     'What blue-bottle alive
+  Did ever with such fury drive?'
+
+ "'Tell, Beelzebub, great father, tell!'
+  Says t'other, perch'd upon the wheel,
+ 'Did ever any mortal fly
+  Raise such a cloud of dust as I?'"
+
+              MORAL.
+
+ "_My_ judgment turn'd the whole debate!
+  _My_ valour saved the sinking state!"
+
+COWGILL.
+
+This fable is found in the collection assigned to Babrius. It is the
+eighty-fourth in the excellent edition of these fables by Mr. G. Cornewall
+Lewis: Oxford, 1846.
+
+W. H. G.
+
+Winchester.
+
+_Collar of SS._ (Vols. iv. _and_ v., _passim_).--In the discussion on the
+subject of the collar of SS., in the columns of "N. & Q.," I find no
+mention of an incidental observation of Thomas Fuller, which occurs in the
+notice of John Gower, the poet, in the Worthies of Yorkshire, and is
+deserving of some notice:
+
+    "Another author (Stow) unknighteth him, allowing him only a plain
+    esquire, though in my apprehension the collar of SSS. about his neck
+    speaketh him to be more. Besides (with submission to better judgments)
+    that collar hath rather a civil than a military relation, proper to
+    persons in place of judicature; which makes me guess this Gower some
+    judge in his old age, well consisting with his original education."
+
+MR. FOSS, I see, mentions (Vol. iv., p. 147.) the existence of the collar
+on the poet's monument, and suggests that he might have worn it as a court
+poet.
+
+H. C. K.
+
+---- Rectory, Hereford.
+
+_Chaucer's Knowledge of Italian_ (Vol. vii., p. 517.).--To the proofs that
+Chaucer was well acquainted with Italian literature, brought forward in "N.
+& Q." by J. M. B., it may seem {585} unnecessary to add any more. Yet, if
+it were only for the purpose of recalling your readers' attention to the
+elegant and instructive _Dissertation on the State of English Poetry before
+the Sixteenth Century_, by the late Dr. Nott, of All Souls' College, will
+you permit me to adduce that learned writer's authority, in opposition to
+the opinion of Sir Harris Nicolas, that Chaucer was not versed in Italian
+literature? Dr. Nott's Dissertation is entombed in the two quarto volumes
+of his edition of the _Works of Surrey and Wyatt_ (London, 1815); and it is
+much to be wished that it were reprinted in a separate and more accessible
+form.
+
+J. M.
+
+Oxford.
+
+_Pic Nic_ (Vol. vii., p. 387.).--The following extract from an Italian
+newspaper raises a considerable presumption that this word is not now
+considered in Italy as an Italian one; the date is Sept. 1841.
+
+    "Se qualche delirante vi ha dato ad intendere che i Bagni di Lucca sono
+    il soggiorno prediletto dell' Italiano, ci vi ha detto una solenne
+    bugia.
+
+    "I Bagni di Lucca appartengono, come tant' altre cose in Italia,
+    esclusivamente allo straniero."
+
+Then follows a description of the numerous English arrivals, while the
+Italian--
+
+    "Spera di rinvenir sulle alture di que' colli un pie di patria tutto
+    per lui, e ascende i sentieri ornati di bosco. Ma abbassando gli occhi
+    ci s' accorge che non e solo. Un' _Amatore_ a cui forse l' ignobile
+    itinerario della _Starke_ ha rivelate quella sublime veduta, sta
+    colassu scarabocchiando uno sbozzo pell' Album del suo _drawing room_.
+    Piu lunge, povero Italiano! piu lunge! Ecco la scena si cambia ... i
+    sentieri divengono piu ardui ... in fondo, mezzo nascosto dal fitto
+    fogliame apparisce ... un casolare; un villano lo invita ad entrare ...
+    e gli parla in Inglese, in Francese, ed in Tedesco!... ci s' allontana
+    impazientito, e corre piu lunge!... I castagni divengono rari.... Aride
+    roccie annunziano il vertice dell' Apennin. Ancora una breve salita, e
+    poi ci sara sul piu alto pinacolo del Prato Fiorite. Ma al pie del
+    viattolo e un inciampo! e l'occhio sconfortato scorge la livrea di un
+    _groom_ e da un lato una sentimentale _Lady_, che si e arrampiccata piu
+    lassa e prosaicamente seduta sulla sua sedia portatile sta scrivendo
+    una lettera sopra un foglio a vignetta. L' Italiano continua ad
+    ascendere ... e giunte alla vetta ... all' amplissima libera vista, il
+    cuore dell' Italiano batte piu forte ... la mente s' esalta, e i piu
+    energici pensieri vi bollono.... Ma gli occhi ritornano svegliati dei
+    passi dei Cavalli, appie del ripiane s' affaccia una numerosa comitiva
+    ... e un _pique nique_! Fuggi fuggi mal capitate Italiano la straniero
+    l' inseque anco nel nido dell aguila!"
+
+Here the "pique nique" is evidently the climax of all that is "straniero."
+
+K. E.
+
+_Canker or Brier Rose_ (Vol. vii, p. 500.).--I suspect that this term
+refers to the beautiful mossy gall, so commonly seen on the branches of the
+wild rose, which has been called the _bedeguar_ of the rose. This is the
+production of a cynips; and, from its vivid tints of crimson and green,
+might well pass at a short distance for a flower, brilliant, but scentless.
+Hence Shakspeare's allusion:
+
+ "The canker-blooms have full as deep a dye
+  As the perfumed tincture of the roses."
+
+W. J. BERNHARD SMITH.
+
+Temple.
+
+_Cancre_ and _crabe_ in French are synonymous, meaning the same; Anglice,
+crab (_fish_).
+
+Now, we have crab-tree, a wild apple-tree; a canker rose, a wild rose; dog
+rose, dog-violet, horse leech, horse chestnut. In all these cases the
+prefix denotes inferiority of species.
+
+H. F. B.
+
+_Door-head Inscriptions_ (Vol. vii., pp. 23. 190.)--In Watson's _History of
+Halifax_ (1775, 4to., p. 257.), in describing the High Sunderland, an
+ancient mansion near Halifax, formerly the residence of the Sunderlands, he
+notices that "over the north door is written, _Ne subeat Glis serdus_, a
+mistake for _surdus_; and over a door on the south side, _Ne entret amicus
+hirudo_."
+
+As some of your correspondents doubt as to the proper reading I have
+thought it worth while to give this duplicate version. I recollect the
+inscription well, having been sorely puzzled, when a schoolboy, in my
+frequent walks to High Sunderland, to understand these two inscriptions. I
+must not omit the inscription on the south front:
+
+ "Omnipotens faxet, stirps Sunderlandia sedes
+  Incolet has placide, et tueatur jura parentum,
+  Lite vacans, donec fluctus formica marinos
+  Ebibat et totum testudo perambulet orbem!"
+
+The commentary of the worthy historian is edifying:
+
+    "The writer of these, or his son, alienated this very estate, which the
+    then owner so earnestly wished might continue in the family for ever!"
+
+JAMES CROSSLEY.
+
+On the portico of Arley Hall, the seat of the ancient family of Warburton,
+and about four miles from the town of Northwich, Cheshire, the following
+"free pass" to visitors appears, carved in stone:
+
+ "This gate is free to all men, good and true;
+  Right welcome thou, if worthy to pass through."
+
+T. HUGHES.
+
+Chester.
+
+"_Time and I_," &c. (Vol. vii., p. 181.).--Who was the author of this
+adage? Lord Mahon gives it as a favourite saying of Mazarin (_History of
+England_, vol. ii. p. 100., small edition). Mr. Stirling (_Cloister Life of
+Charles V._, p. 151., 2nd edition) tells us that it was a favourite adage
+of {586} that temporising monarch. Perhaps it was a well-known Spanish
+proverb.
+
+CHEVERELLS.
+
+_Lowbell_ (Vol. vii., p. 181.).--The inclosed was taken from the
+_Northampton Herald_ of the 16th April, 1853:
+
+    "On Monday last this village was thrown into a state of great
+    excitement by the tidings that a married labourer, named Samuel
+    Peckover, had taken poison, with the intent of destroying himself. This
+    was found to be the case. He had swallowed a dose of mercury, such as
+    is commonly used for sheep, and, but for the timely arrival of Mr.
+    Jones, surgeon, from Brackley, who administered him a powerful
+    antidote, he would have expired within a short time. The circumstance
+    which led the misguided man to attempt this rash act was as
+    follows:--Although a married man, and wedded to a very respectable
+    woman, he had seduced a young female of the village, named Adelaide
+    Hirons, who was delivered of a female child on Saturday last. This
+    disgraceful affair, of course, had become known to the neighbours, who
+    expressed great indignation at his most disreputable conduct, and they
+    in consequence determined to put him to open shame by 'lowbelling' him
+    in front of his cottage in the evening, when all the old pots and
+    kettles in the village were put in requisition, and a continual discord
+    was kept up for two or three hours, by way of administering him a
+    wholesome punishment for his breaking the marriage vows. It is supposed
+    that the fear of this impending disgrace, and also remorse for his
+    crime, were the cause of his thus attempting to make away with himself,
+    and to rush unprepared and unpardoned into the presence of his Maker!"
+
+F. JAMES.
+
+_Overseers of Wills_ (Vol. vii., p. 500.).--J. K. will find what he seeks
+about, overseers and supervisors of wills, in Burn's _Ecclesiastical Law_.
+
+F. O. MARTIN.
+
+_Detached Belfry Towers_ (Vol. vii., pp. 333. 416. 465.).--I have also to
+inform you that the tower of Terrington St. Clement's Church, about five
+miles from Kings Lynn, is detached from the church.
+
+J. N. C.
+
+King's Lynn.
+
+To the list of churches having detached towers may be added the church of
+Chittlehampton, near South Molton, Devon. It is several years since I last
+visited the spot, but I have a distinct recollection of the fact.
+
+J. SANSOM.
+
+Amongst your list of towers separate from the church, I think you have not
+mentioned Westbury on Severn, near Gloucester.
+
+H. H. GIBBS.
+
+Add to your list of Detached Church Towers, the magnificent Norman tower at
+Bury St. Edmunds in Suffolk.
+
+J. B.
+
+_Vincent Family_ (Vol. vii., p. 501.).--The representative of Augustine
+Vincent is Thomas Wentworth Edmunds of Worsbro', W. Barnsley, in the county
+of York, the son of the late Wm. Bennet Martin of the same place, Esq., who
+has assumed the name of his great-uncle, Francis Offley Edmunds. There is a
+memoir of Augustine Vincent, by Mr. Hunter, published, I believe, by
+Pickering, Piccadilly, which shows the descent, and may perhaps throw light
+on Francis Vincent. The name, I believe, is still common at Finedon in
+Northamptonshire.
+
+F. O. MARTIN.
+
+Stoudon Place, Brentwood.
+
+_Pronunciation of "Coke"_ (Vol. vi., p. 16.).--In a list of books "printed
+and sold by Richard Chiswell," at the end of a copy of Cave's _Lives of the
+Fathers_, 1683, in my possession, the following occurs among the folios:
+"Lord Cook's _Reports_ in English." This is exactly fifty years after his
+death.
+
+H. C. K.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Miscellaneous.
+
+BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES WANTED TO PURCHASE.
+
+SANDERS' HISTORY OF SHENSTONE IN STAFFORDSHIRE. J. Nichols, London. 1794.
+Two Copies.
+
+THE AUTHOR'S PRINTING AND PUBLISHING ASSISTANT. Lond. 1840. 12mo.
+
+LOMBARDI (PETRI) SENTENTIARUM, Lib. IV. Any good edition.
+
+WALKER'S LATIN PARTICLES.
+
+HERBERT'S CAROLINA THRENODIA. 8vo. 1702.
+
+THEOBALD'S SHAKSPEARE RESTORED. 4to. 1726.
+
+SCOTT, REMARKS ON THE BEST WRITINGS OF THE BEST AUTHORS (or some such
+title).
+
+SERMONS BY THE REV. ROBERT WAKE, M.A. 1704, 1712, &c.
+
+HISTORY OF ANCIENT WILTS, BY SIR R. C. HOARE. The last three Parts.
+
+REV A. DYCE'S EDITION OF DR. RICHARD BENTLEY'S WORKS. Vol. III. Published
+by Francis Macpherson, Middle Row, Holborn. 1836.
+
+DISSERTATION ON ISAIAH XVIII., IN A LETTER TO EDWARD KING, ESQ., BY SAMUEL
+LORD BISHOP OF ROCHESTER (HORSLEY). The Quarto Edition, printed for Robson.
+1779.
+
+BEN JONSON'S WORKS. 9 Vols. 8vo. Vols. II., III., IV. Bds.
+
+SIR WALTER SCOTT'S NOVELS. 41 Vols. 8vo. The last nine Vols. Boards.
+
+*** _Correspondents sending Lists Of Books wanted are requested to send
+their names._
+
+*** Letters, stating particulars and lowest price, _carriage free_, to be
+sent to MR. BELL, Publisher of "NOTES AND QUERIES," 186. Fleet Street.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Notices to Correspondents.
+
+_The number of Replies waiting for insertion has obliged us to omit our
+usual_ NOTES ON BOOKS, _and many_ NOTICES TO CORRESPONDENTS.
+
+QUERY. _The quotation_
+
+ "Heu quanto minus reliquis versari," _&c._
+
+_is from Shenstone's Epitaph on Miss Dolman. See_ "N. & Q." Vol. iv., p.
+73.
+
+F. B. _The etymology of_ Apron _is very doubtful. Minshew and others derive
+it from_ afore one; _while Todd again derives it from the French_ napperon.
+
+TOM TELL TRUTH _is thanked. There cannot be two opinions on the subject of
+his communication._
+
+_A few complete sets of_ "NOTES AND QUERIES," Vols. i. _to_ vi., _price
+Three Guineas, may now be had; for which early application is desirable._
+
+"NOTES AND QUERIES" _is published at noon on Friday, so that the Country
+Booksellers may receive Copies in that night's parcels, and deliver them to
+their Subscribers on the Saturday._ {587}
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+PHOTOGRAPHIC APPARATUS MANUFACTORY, Charlotte Terrace, Barnsbury Road,
+Islington.
+
+T. OTTEWILL (from Horne & Co.'s) begs most respectfully to call the
+attention of Gentlemen, Tourists, and Photographers, to the superiority of
+his newly registered DOUBLE-BODIED FOLDING CAMERAS, possessing the
+efficiency and easy adjustment of the Sliding Camera, with the portability
+and convenience of the Folding Ditto.
+
+Every description of Apparatus to order.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+PHOTOGRAPHY.--HORNE & CO.'S Iodized Collodion, for obtaining Instantaneous
+Views, and Portraits in from three to thirty seconds, according to light.
+
+Portraits obtained by the above, for delicacy of detail rival the choicest
+Daguerreotypes, specimens of which may be seen at their Establishment.
+
+Also every description of Apparatus, Chemicals, &c. &c. used in this
+beautiful Art.--123. and 121. Newgate Street.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+PHOTOGRAPHY.--Collodion (Iodized with the Ammonio-Iodide of Silver). J. B.
+HOCKIN & CO., Chemists, 289. Strand, were the first in England who
+published the application of this agent (see _Athenaeum_, Aug. 14th). Their
+Collodion (price 9d. per oz.) retains its extraordinary sensitiveness,
+tenacity, and colour unimpaired for months; it may be exported to any
+climate, and the Iodizing Compound mixed as required. J. B. HOCKIN & CO.
+manufacture PURE CHEMICALS and all APPARATUS with the latest Improvements
+adapted for all the Photographic and Daguerreotype processes. Cameras for
+Developing in the open Country. GLASS BATHS adapted to any Camera. Lenses
+from the best Makers. Waxed and Iodized Papers, &c.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Just published, price 1s., free by Post 1s. 4d.,
+
+THE WAXED-PAPER PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESS of GUSTAVE LE GRAY'S NEW EDITION.
+Translated from the French.
+
+Sole Agents in the United Kingdom for VOIGHTLANDER & SON'S celebrated
+Lenses for Portraits and Views.
+
+General Depot for Turner's, Whatman's, Canson Freres, La Croix, and other
+Talbotype Papers.
+
+Pure Photographic Chemicals.
+
+Instructions and Specimens in every Branch of the Art.
+
+GEORGE KNIGHT & SONS, Foster Lane, London.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+PHOTOGRAPHIC PAPER.--Negative and Positive Papers of Whatman's, Turner's,
+Sanford's, and Canson Freres' make. Waxed-Paper for Le Gray's Process.
+Iodized and Sensitive Paper for every kind of Photography.
+
+Sold by JOHN SANFORD, Photographic Stationer, Aldine Chambers, 13.
+Paternoster Row, London.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+PHOTOGRAPHIC PICTURES.--A Selection of the above beautiful Productions
+(comprising Views in VENICE, PARIS, RUSSIA, NUBIA, &c.) may be seen at
+BLAND & LONG'S, 153. Fleet Street, where may also be procured Apparatus of
+every Description, and pure Chemicals for the practice of Photography in
+all its Branches.
+
+Calotype, Daguerreotype, and Glass Pictures for the Stereoscope.
+
+*** Catalogues may be had on Application.
+
+BLAND & LONG, Opticians, Philosophical and Photographical Instrument
+Makers, and Operative Chemists, 153. Fleet Street.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+CLERICAL, MEDICAL, AND GENERAL LIFE ASSURANCE SOCIETY.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+Established 1824.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+FIVE BONUSES have been declared: at the last in January, 1852, the sum of
+131,125l. was added to the Policies, producing a Bonus varying with the
+different ages from 241/2 to 55 per cent. on the Premiums paid during the
+five years, or from 5l. to 12l. 10s. per cent. on the Sum Assured.
+
+The small share of Profit divisible in future among the Shareholders being
+now provided for, the ASSURED will hereafter derive all the benefits
+obtainable from a Mutual Office, WITHOUT ANY LIABILITY OR RISK OF
+PARTNERSHIP.
+
+POLICIES effected before the 30th of June next, will be entitled, at the
+next Division, to one year's additional share of Profits over later
+Assurers.
+
+On Assurances for the whole of Life only one half of the Premiums need be
+paid for the first five years.
+
+INVALID LIVES may be Assured at rates proportioned to the risk.
+
+Claims paid _thirty_ days after proof of death, and all Policies are
+_Indisputable_ except in cases of fraud.
+
+Tables of Rates and forms of Proposal can be obtained of any of the
+Society's Agents, or of
+
+GEORGE H. PINCKARD, Resident Secretary.
+
+_99. Great Russell Street, Bloomsbury, London._
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+UNITED KINGDOM LIFE ASSURANCE COMPANY: established by Act of Parliament in
+1834.--8. Waterloo Place, Pall Mall, London.
+
+  HONORARY PRESIDENTS.
+
+  Earl of Courtown
+  Earl Leven and Melville
+  Earl of Norbury
+  Earl of Stair
+  Viscount Falkland
+  Lord Elphinstone
+  Lord Belhaven and Stenton
+  Wm. Campbell, Esq., of Tillichewan
+
+      LONDON BOARD.
+
+  _Chairman._--Charles Graham, Esq.
+  _Deputy-Chairman._--Charles Downes, Esq.
+
+  H. Blair Avarne, Esq.
+  E. Lennox Boyd, Esq., F.S.A., _Resident_.
+  C. Berwick Curtis, Esq.
+  William Fairlie, Esq.
+  D. Q. Henriques, Esq.
+  J. G. Henriques, Esq.
+  F. C. Maitland, Esq.
+  William Railton, Esq.
+  F. H. Thomson, Esq.
+  Thomas Thorby, Esq.
+
+  MEDICAL OFFICERS.
+
+  _Physician._--Arthur H. Hassall, Esq., M.D.,
+  8. Bennett Street, St. James's.
+
+  _Surgeon._--F. H. Tomson, Esq., 48. Berners Street.
+
+The Bonus added to Policies from March, 1834, to December 31, 1847, is as
+follows:--
+
+    Sum    |   Time   |   Sum added to     |   Sum
+  Assured. | Assured. |      Policy        | Payable
+           |          +--------------------+ at Death.
+           |          | In 1841. In 1848.  |
+  ---------+----------+---------+----------+----------
+      L    |          |   L s.d.|   L  s.d.|    L  s.d.
+     5000  | 14 years | 683 6 8 | 787 10 0 | 6470 16 8
+   * 1000  |  7 years |  -  -   | 157 10 0 | 1157 10 0
+      500  |  1 year  |  -  -   |  11  5 0 |  511  5 0
+
+* EXAMPLE.--At the commencement of the year 1841, a person aged thirty took
+out a Policy for 1000l., the annual payment for which is 24l. 1s. 8d.; in
+1847 he had paid in premiums 168l. 11s. 8d.; but the profits being 21/4 per
+cent. per annum on the sum insured (which is 22l. 10s. per annum for each
+1000l.) he had 157l. 10s. added to the Policy, almost as much as the
+premiums paid.
+
+The Premiums, nevertheless, are on the most moderate scale, and only
+one-half need be paid for the first five years, when the Insurance is for
+Life. Every information will be afforded on application to the Resident
+Director.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+PURE NERVOUS or MIND COMPLAINTS.--If the readers of NOTES AND QUERIES, who
+suffer from depression of spirits, confusion, headache, blushing,
+groundless fears, unfitness for business or society, blood to the head,
+failure of memory, delusions, suicidal thoughts, fear of insanity, &c.,
+will call on, or correspond with, REV. DR. WILLIS MOSELEY, who, out of
+above 22,000 applicants, knows not fifty uncured who have followed his
+advice, he will instruct them how to get well, without a fee, and will
+render the same service to the friends of the insane.--At home from 11 to
+3.
+
+18. BLOOMSBURY STREET, BEDFORD SQUARE.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+WESTERN LIFE ASSURANCE AND ANNUITY SOCIETY,
+
+3. PARLIAMENT STREET, LONDON.
+
+Founded A.D. 1842.
+
+_Directors._
+
+  H. E. Bicknell, Esq.
+  W. Cabell, Esq.
+  T. S. Cocks, Jun. Esq. M.P.
+  G. H. Drew, Esq.
+  W. Evans, Esq.
+  W. Freeman, Esq.
+  F. Fuller, Esq.
+  J. H. Goodhart, Esq.
+  T. Grissell, Esq.
+  J. Hunt, Esq.
+  J. A. Lethbridge, Esq.
+  E. Lucas, Esq.
+  J. Lys Seager, Esq.
+  J. B. White, Esq.
+  J. Carter Wood, Esq.
+
+_Trustees._
+
+W. Whateley, Esq., Q.C.; L. C. Humfrey, Esq., Q.C.; George Drew, Esq.
+
+_Physician._--William Rich. Basham, M.D.
+
+_Bankers._--Messrs. Cocks, Biddulph, and Co., Charing Cross.
+
+VALUABLE PRIVILEGE.
+
+POLICIES effected in this Office do not become void through temporary
+difficulty in paying a Premium, as permission is given upon application to
+suspend the payment at interest, according to the conditions detailed on
+the Prospectus.
+
+Specimens of Rates of Premium for Assuring 100l., with a Share in
+three-fourths of the Profits:--
+
+  Age      _L  s.  d._
+   17       1  14   4
+   22       1  18   8
+   27       2   4   5
+   32       2  10   8
+   37       2  18   6
+   42       3   8   2
+
+ARTHUR SCRATCHLEY, M.A., F.R.A.S., Actuary.
+
+Now ready, price 10s. 6d., Second Edition, with material additions,
+INDUSTRIAL INVESTMENT and EMIGRATION: being a TREATISE on BENEFIT BUILDING
+SOCIETIES, and on the General Principles of Land Investment, exemplified in
+the Cases of Freehold Land Societies, Building Companies, &c. With a
+Mathematical Appendix on Compound Interest and Life Assurance. By ARTHUR
+SCRATCHLEY, M.A., Actuary to the Western Life Assurance Society, 3.
+Parliament Street, London.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+ROYAL ASYLUM OF ST. ANN'S SOCIETY.--Waiting not for the Child of those once
+in prosperity to become an Orphan, but by Voluntary Contributions affording
+at once a Home, Clothing, Maintenance, and Education.
+
+The Half-yearly Election will take place at the London Tavern on Friday,
+August 12th, next.
+
+Forms of Nomination may be procured at the Office, where Subscriptions will
+be thankfully received.
+
+Executors of Benefactors by Will become Life Governors according to the
+amount of the Bequest.
+
+E. F. LEEKS, Secretary.
+
+2. Charlotte Row, Mansion House. {588}
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Just published, in 8vo., price 2s.
+
+A FOURTH LETTER to the REV. DR. MAITLAND on the GENUINENESS of the WRITINGS
+ascribed to CYPRIAN, BISHOP of CARTHAGE. By the REV. E. J. SHEPHERD, M.A.,
+Rector of Luddesdown: Author of the "History of the Church of Rome to the
+End of the Episcopate of Damasus."
+
+London: LONGMAN, BROWN, GREEN, & LONGMANS;
+
+Of whom may be had, by the same Author,
+
+THE FIRST LETTER, on the Intercourse between the Churches of Rome and
+Africa. 8vo., price 1s.
+
+A SECOND LETTER, on the Cyprianic Councils. 8vo., price 2s.
+
+A THIRD LETTER on the Roman Supremacy. 8vo., price 1s.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+JUST PUBLISHED, AND SENT FREE ON RECEIPT OF SIX POSTAGE STAMPS.
+
+I.
+
+ANTIQUARIAN NEWS: containing Curious and Interesting Gleanings respecting
+Prince Rupert, John Bunyan, Philip Astley, The Fortune Theatre, Strolling
+Players, Mountebanks, Quack Doctors, Highwaymen, Cock-Fighting, St.
+Pancras, May Fair, The Royal Bagnio, and a great variety of other
+remarkable matters, forming altogether a most extraordinary and amusing
+Publication.
+
+II.
+
+SHAKSPEARE REPOSITORY. No. II. (Sent Free on Receipt of Six Stamps.)
+Containing New and Important Researches respecting Shakspeare and his
+Works.
+
+No. I. also may be had on Receipt of Six Stamps, or both Numbers on Receipt
+of Twelve Stamps.
+
+III.
+
+A Fac-simile of a remarkably Curious and Interesting NEWSPAPER OF CHARLES
+THE SECOND'S REIGN, Free on Receipt of Three Stamps.
+
+Address, J. H. FENNELL, 1. Warwick Court, Holborn, London.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Preparing for Publication,
+
+A NEW ANNOTATED EDITION OF THE ENGLISH POETS. Edited by ROBERT BELL, Author
+of "The History of Russia," "Lives of the English Poets," &c.
+
+To be published in Monthly Volumes, Foolscap Octavo, combining those
+features of research, typographical elegance, and economy of price, which
+the present age demands. The text will be carefully collated, and
+accompanied by Biographical, Critical, and Historical Notes. A full
+Prospectus may be had on application, post paid, to the Publishers.
+
+JOHN W. PARKER & SON, West Strand, London.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+The Twenty-eighth Edition.
+
+NEUROTONICS, or the Art of Strengthening the Nerves, containing Remarks on
+the influence of the Nerves upon the Health of Body and Mind, and the means
+of Cure for Nervousness, Debility, Melancholy, and all Chronic Diseases, by
+DR. NAPIER, M.D. London: HOULSTON & STONEMAN. Price 4d., or Post Free from
+the Author for Five Penny Stamps.
+
+    "We can conscientiously recommend 'Neurotonics,' by Dr. Napier, to the
+    careful perusal of our invalid readers."--_John Bull Newspaper, June 5,
+    1852._
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+For Sale, price 16l. nett.
+
+AN UNCUT COPY OF THE GENTLEMAN'S MAGAZINE, complete to Dec. 1843, with the
+Five Volumes of Indexes, all half vellum, uncut, except Vols. III. and IV.,
+which are calf, edges cut. Many of the volumes have Notes on Slips of Paper
+and Newspaper Cuttings inserted by a former possessor.
+
+Apply to OLIVE LASBURY, Bookseller, 10. Park Street, Bristol.
+
+A New Catalogue Free by Post for One Penny Stamp.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+NEW BOOKS PUBLISHED THIS DAY.
+
+BRITANNIC RESEARCHES; or, New Facts and Rectifications of Ancient British
+History. By the REV. BEALE POSTE, M.A. 8vo., pp. 448, with Engravings, 15s.
+cloth.
+
+A GLOSSARY of PROVINCIALISMS in Use in the County of SUSSEX. by W. DURRANT
+COOPER, F.A.S. 12mo., 3s. 6d. cloth.
+
+A FEW NOTES on SHAKSPEARE; with occasional Remarks on the Emendations of
+the Manuscript-Corrector in Mr. Collier's Copy of the Folio, 1632. By the
+REV. ALEXANDER DYCE. 8vo., 5s. cloth.
+
+WILTSHIRE TALES, illustrative of the Dialect and Manners of the Rustic
+Population of that County. By JOHN YONGE AKERMAN, Esq. 12mo., 2s. 6d.
+cloth.
+
+REMAINS of PAGAN SAXONDOM, principally from Tumuli in England, described
+and illustrated. By J. Y. AKERMAN, Secretary of the Society of Antiquaries.
+Parts I. to V., 4to., 2s. 6d. each.
+
+*** The Plates are admirably executed by Mr. Basire, and coloured under the
+direction of the Author. It is a work well worthy the notice of the
+Archaeologist.
+
+THE RETROSPECTIVE REVIEW: consisting of Criticisms upon, Analyses of, and
+Extracts from Curious, Useful, and Valuable Old Books. 8vo. Nos. 1, 2, and
+3, 2s. 6d. each. (No. 4., August 1.)
+
+J. RUSSELL SMITH, 36. Soho Square.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+WANTED, for the Ladies' Institute, 83. Regent Street, Quadrant, LADIES of
+taste for fancy work,--by paying 21s. will be received as members, and
+taught the new style of velvet wool work, which is acquired in a few easy
+lessons. Each lady will be guaranteed constant employment and ready cash
+payment for her work. Apply personally to Mrs. Thoughey. N.B. Ladies taught
+by letter at any distance from London.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+SPECTACLES.--WM. ACKLAND applies his medical knowledge as a Licentiate of
+the Apothecaries' Company, London, his theory as a Mathematician, and his
+practice as a Working Optician, aided by Smee's Optometer, in the selection
+of Spectacles suitable to every derangement of vision, so as to preserve
+the sight to extreme old age.
+
+ACHROMATIC TELESCOPES, with the New Vetzlar Eye-pieces, as exhibited at the
+Academy of Sciences in Paris. The Lenses of these Eye-pieces are so
+constructed that the rays of light fall nearly perpendicular to the surface
+of various lenses, by which the aberration is completely removed; and a
+telescope so fitted gives one-third more magnifying power and light than
+could be obtained by the old Eye-pieces. Prices of the various sizes on
+application to
+
+WM. ACKLAND, Optician, 93. Hatton Garden, London.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+12 mo. cloth, price 3s. 6d., with Index.
+
+QUOTATIONS.--The Book of Familiar Quotations, containing the hackneyed
+Quotations in daily use, with names of Authors, and places in their works
+where they are to be found.
+
+London: WHITTAKER & CO.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Free of Expense by Post.
+
+A CATALOGUE of certain old Books for Sale, by JOHN TUPLING, against the
+Church of St. Mary in the Strand, with Notes set down to a few of them for
+the taking away of all tediousness in reading.
+
+ "Som of the gretest autours that men rede."
+                  Chaucer, _Nonnes Tale_.
+
+JOHN TUPLING, 320. Strand.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Just published, with Portrait of the Author, in One Volume 8vo., price 12s.
+
+THE THISTLE AND THE CEDAR OF LEBANON; containing the Travels of the Author.
+Domestic Life in Syria, the Comparative Influences of the Roman Catholic
+and Protestant Faiths in Syria, and the present State of the Turkish
+Empire, &c. By HABUB RISK ALLAH EFFENDI, M.R.C.S.
+
+London: JAMES MADDEN, 8. Leadenhall Street.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+SALLUST'S JUGURTHINE WAR, WITH ENGLISH NOTES.
+
+In 12mo., price 3s. 6d.
+
+C. SALLUSTI CRISPI de BELLO JUGURTHINO LIBER. With ENGLISH NOTES, from the
+German of RUDOLPH JACOBS and others, by the REV. HENRY BROWNE, M.A., Canon
+of Chichester. (Forming a New Volume of ARNOLD'S SCHOOL CLASSICS.)
+
+RIVINGTONS. St. Paul's Church Yard, and Waterloo Place.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+GILBERT J. FRENCH,
+
+BOLTON, LANCASHIRE,
+
+RESPECTFULLY informs the Clergy, Architects, and Churchwardens, that he
+replies immediately to all applications by letter, for information
+respecting his Manufactures in CHURCH FURNITURE, ROBES, COMMUNION LINEN,
+&c., &c., supplying full information as to Prices, together with Sketches,
+Estimates, Patterns of Materials, &c., &c.
+
+Having declined appointing Agents, MR. FRENCH invites direct communications
+by Post, as the most economical and satisfactory arrangement. PARCELS
+delivered Free by Railway.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+BENNETT'S MODEL WATCH, as shown at the GREAT EXHIBITION. No. 1. Class X.,
+in Gold and Silver Cases, in five qualities, and adapted to all Climates,
+may now be had at the MANUFACTORY, 65. CHEAPSIDE. Superior Gold London-made
+Patent Levers, 17, 15, and 12 guineas. Ditto, in Silver Cases, 8, 6, and 4
+guineas. First-rate Geneva Levers, in Gold Cases, 12, 10, and 8 guineas.
+Ditto, in Silver Cases, 8, 6, and 5 guineas. Superior Lever, with
+Chronometer Balance, Gold 27, 23, and 19 guineas. Bennett's Pocket
+Chronometer, Gold, 50 guineas; Silver, 40 guineas. Every Watch skilfully
+examined, timed, and its performance guaranteed. Barometers, 2l., 3l., and
+4l. Thermometers from 1s. each.
+
+BENNETT, Watch, Clock, and Instrument Maker to the Royal Observatory, the
+Board of Ordnance, the Admiralty, and the Queen.
+
+65. CHEAPSIDE.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Printed by THOMAS CLARK SHAW, of No. 10. Stonefield Street, in the Parish
+of St. Mary, Islington, at No. 5. New Street Square, in the Parish of St.
+Bride, in the City of London; and published by GEORGE BELL, of No. 186.
+Fleet Street, in the Parish of St. Dunstan in the West, in the City of
+London, Publisher, at No. 186. Fleet Street aforesaid.--Saturday, June 11.
+1853.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Corrections made to printed original.
+
+p. 569 "With Ovyddes penner ye are gretly in favor," - "ooyddes" in
+original, corrected by subsequent Erratum note
+
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes and Queries, Number 189, June
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