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diff --git a/20190-h/20190-h.htm b/20190-h/20190-h.htm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..cf1b503 --- /dev/null +++ b/20190-h/20190-h.htm @@ -0,0 +1,19227 @@ +<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> +<html> +<head> + <meta content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1" + http-equiv="content-type"> + <title>Thing Worth Knowing</title> +</head> +<body> + + +<pre> + +The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Handy Cyclopedia of Things Worth Knowing, by +Joseph Triemens + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: The Handy Cyclopedia of Things Worth Knowing + A Manual of Ready Reference + +Author: Joseph Triemens + +Release Date: December 26, 2006 [EBook #20190] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HANDY CYCLOPEDIA *** + + + + +Produced by Don Kostuch + + + + + +</pre> + +<big>[Transcriber's Notes]<br> +<br> +This is one of the first books I remember reading as a child. Some of <br> +the items are thoughtfully written, like how to write checks. Many <br> +others are just rumors or careless opinions. Some are "racy" ads. Many <br> +articles are lead-ins to the advertisements. Whatever their truth, they +<br> +are interesting reading, calculated to draw the attention of drug store +<br> +customers of 1910.<br> +<br> +The text of the advertisements have been reproduced along with the<br> +accompanying graphics. Correct grammar and punctuation has been +sacrificed<br> +to preserving the original format of the ads.<br> +<br> +<big>"</big>Mother's Remedies, Over One Thousand Tried and Tested +Remedies from Mothers<br> +of the United States and Canada" (Gutenberg EText 17439) is a book for a<br> +similar audience, but without advertisements.</big><br> +<big><br> +Here are the definitions of some unfamiliar (to me) words.<br> +<br> +aperients<br> + Laxative.<br> +<br> +averment<br> + Assert formally as a fact.<br> +<br> +biliousness<br> + Peevish; irritable; cranky; extremely unpleasant or distasteful.<br> +<br> +bill of attainder<br> + Legislative determination imposing punishment without trial.<br> +<br> +bodkin<br> + Small, sharply pointed instrument to make holes in fabric or +leather.<br> +<br> +carnelian<br> + Pale to deep red or reddish-brown.<br> +<br> +catarrhal<br> + Inflammation of a mucous membrane, especially of the respiratory<br> + tract, accompanied by excessive secretions.<br> +<br> +cholera morbus<br> + Acute gastroenteritis occurring in summer and autumn; symptoms +are<br> + severe cramps, diarrhea, and vomiting.<br> +<br> +conspectus<br> + General or comprehensive view; survey; digest; summary.<br> +<br> +copperas<br> + Ferrous sulfate.<br> +<br> +cumulation<br> + Accumulation, heap, mass.<br> +<br> +diathesis<br> + Constitutional predisposition.<br> +<br> +disseised<br> + Dispossess unlawfully or unjustly; oust.<br> +<br> +emercement (amercement)<br> + Fine not fixed by law; inflicting an arbitrary penalty.<br> +<br> +emoluments<br> + Payment for an office or employment; compensation.<br> +<br> +Erebus<br> + Greek Mythology; the dark region of the underworld through +which the<br> + dead must pass before they reach Hades.<br> +<br> +erraticism<br> + Deviating from the usual conduct or opinion; eccentric; queer.<br> +<br> +histologist<br> + One who does anatomical studies of the microscopic structure of +animal<br> + and plant tissues.<br> +<br> +impecuniosity<br> + Having little or no money; penniless; poor.<br> +<br> +indurated<br> + Hardened; obstinate; unfeeling.<br> +<br> +inheres<br> + Inherent or innate.<br> +<br> +intendent<br> + Title of various government officials or administrators.<br> +<br> +Irondequoit<br> + Town of western New York on Lake Ontario and Irondequoit Bay, +near<br> + Rochester.<br> +<br> +lees<br> + Sediment settling during fermentation, especially wine; dregs.<br> +<br> +luxation<br> + Displacement or misalignment of a joint or organ.<br> +<br> +Marque (letter of)<br> + Commission granted by a state to a private citizen to capture and<br> + confiscate the merchant ships of another nation.<br> +<br> +meerschaum<br> + Fine, compact, usually white clay-like mineral of hydrous +magnesium<br> + silicate, H4Mg2Si3O10, used for tobacco pipes, building stone and<br> + ornamental carvings. Also called sepiolite.<br> +<br> +Orfila<br> + Mathieu Orfila (1787-1853). Chemist, founder of toxicology.<br> +<br> +pearlash<br> + Potassium carbonate.<br> +<br> +prosody<br> + Study of the metrical structure of verse.<br> +<br> +Prussian blue<br> + Dark blue crystalline hydrated compound, Fe4[Fe(CN)6]3.xH2O; +ferric<br> + ferrocyanide.<br> +<br> +putrescible<br> + Liable to decay or spoil or become putrid.<br> +<br> +quassia<br> + Shrub or small tree of tropical America, Quassia amara. Prepared +form<br> + of the heartwood, used as an insecticide and in medicine as a +tonic to<br> + dispel intestinal worms<br> +<br> +quoits<br> + Game; player throws rings of rope or flattened metal at an +upright<br> + peg, attempting to encircle it or come as close to it as +possible.<br> +<br> +rotten stone<br> + Porous, lightweight, siliceous sedimentary rock; shells of +diatoms or<br> + radiolarians or of finely weathered chert, used as an abrasive +and a<br> + polish.<br> +<br> +saltpetre<br> + Potassium nitrate, KNO3.<br> +<br> +sciatica<br> + Pain extending from the hip down the back of the thigh and +surrounding<br> + area.<br> +<br> +spatulate<br> + Shaped like a spatula; rounded like a spoon.<br> +<br> +sustension<br> + Sustaining.<br> +<br> +Tete d'armee<br> + Head of Army.<br> +<br> +theine<br> + Caffeine.<br> +<br> +towardliness<br> + Apt to learn; promising; docile; tractable; propitious; +seasonable.<br> +<br> +[End Transcriber's Notes]<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +Every Purchase<br> +Save You Money<br> +AT<br> +THE CENTRAL<br> +<br> +Save money on your Drug Store Merchandise by buying at the Central. We<br> +carry everything in Drugs Toilet Article, Rubber Goods, Sundries,<br> +Candies, Cigars, etc.<br> +<br> +You will be surprised at our low prices and quick service and pleased<br> +with our complete stocks.<br> +<br> +We carry a complete line of Burke's Home Remedies. Burke's Home Remedies<br> +are sold under the <span style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Money +Back Guarantee.</span><br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;">3 STORES IN DETROIT</span><br> +<br> +CENTRAL DRUG CO.<br> +<br> +Main Store 219 Woodward Ave.<br> +<br> +Branch Stores<br> +89 Woodward Ave. 153 Grand River Ave.<br> +Detroit, MICH<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">The Handy Cyclopedia</span><br + style="font-weight: bold;"> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">Of</span><br style="font-weight: bold;"> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">Things Worth Knowing</span><br + style="font-weight: bold;"> +<br style="font-weight: bold;"> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">A Manual of Ready Reference</span><br> +<br> +Covering Especially Such Information<br> +Of Everyday Use as is often<br> +Hardest to Find When<br> +Most Needed<br> +<br> +"Inquire Within About Everything"<br> +<br> +For alphabetical index see page 277<br> +<br> +CHICAGO<br> +ALBERT J. DUBOIS<br> +1911<br> +Copyright. 1911, by Joseph Trienens<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">TO OUR PATRONS</span><br> +<br> +This little book is presented to you to evidence our appreciation of<br> +your patronage. We trust you will examine its contents closely, for you<br> +will find within its covers many things that will prove entertaining,<br> +instructive and useful.<br> +<br> +It is new and up-to-date and has been expressly compiled for our<br> +patrons. Only matter of real interest and value has been included in its<br> +pages.<br> +<br> +It is a general experience that answers to those questions which arise<br> +most often in every-day life are hardest to find. Information on<br> +practical subjects is usually just beyond your reach when it is most<br> +desired. You will use this little book every day when you "want to<br> +know."<br> +<br> +It is equally valuable to all classes, men as well as women; to workers<br> +generally as well as people of leisure. It is the book for the busy<br> +housekeeper as well as the woman of fashion.<br> +<br> +We shall feel amply repaid for the painstaking labor, care and expense<br> +which we have bestowed upon this little volume if its constant utility<br> +to you more firmly cements your good will to our establishment.<br> +<br> +Just a few words about the advertisements. They are from concerns of<br> +established reputation whose products we freely recommend with full<br> +confidence that they are the best of their respective kinds. The index<br> +to the advertising section is on pages 5 and 6.<br> +<br> +Sincerely yours,<br> +THE CENTRAL DRUG CO.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;">I<span + style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">NDEX TO ADVERTISEMENTS</span><br> +<br> +</span>For index of general contents see page<br> +Abilena Mineral Water<br> +Albany Chemical Co<br> +Aleta Hair Tonic<br> +Alexander's Asthma Remedy<br> +Allen's Cough Balsam<br> +Ankle Supports<br> +Arch Cushions<br> +Astyptodyne<br> +Athlophoros<br> +Australian Eucalyptus Globulus Oil<br> +Bath Cabinets<br> +Blair's Pills<br> +Blood Berry Gum Page facing inside back cover<br> +"Bloom of Youth," Laird's<br> +Blue Ribbon Gum<br> +Blush of Roses<br> +Bonheim's Shaving Cream<br> +Borax, Pacific Coast<br> +Borden's Malted Milk<br> +Brown's Asthma Remedy<br> +Brown's Liquid Dressing<br> +Brown's Wonder Face Cream<br> +Brown's Wonder Salve<br> +Bryans' Asthma Remedy<br> +Buffalo Lithia Springs Water<br> +Buffers, Nail<br> +Burnishine<br> +Byrud's Corn Cure<br> +Byrud's Instant Relief<br> +Cabler's (W. P.) Root Juice<br> +Calder's Dentine<br> +Carmichael's Gray Hair Restorer<br> +Carmichael's Hair Tonic<br> +Celery-Vesce<br> +Chavett Diphtheria Preventive<br> +Chavett Solace<br> +Chocolates and Bon Bons<br> +Coe's Cough Balsam<br> +Consumers Company<br> +Corsets<br> +Coupons<br> +Crane's Lotion<br> +Crown Headache Powders<br> +Daisy Fly Killer<br> +"Dead Stuck" for Bugs<br> +Delatone<br> +Dennos Food<br> +Digesto<br> +Dissolvene Rubber Garments<br> +Downs' Obesity Reducer<br> +Drosis<br> +Duponts Hair Restorative<br> +Dyspepsia Remedy, Graham's<br> +Elastic Stockings<br> +El Perfecto Veda Rose Rouge<br> +Empress Hair Color Restorer<br> +Empress Shampoo Soap<br> +Euca-Scentol<br> +Femaform Cones<br> +Golden Remedy for Epilepsy<br> +Golden Rule Hair Restorative<br> +Goodwin's Corn Salve<br> +Goodwin's Foot Powder<br> +Gowans Pneumonia Preparation<br> +Graves' (Dr.) Tooth Powder<br> +Gray's Ointment<br> +Great Western Champagne<br> +Grube's Corn Remover<br> +Guild's Asthma Cure<br> +Harvard Athletic Supports<br> +Heel Cushions<br> +Hegeman's Camphor Ice<br> +Hill's Chloride of Gold Tablets<br> +Hoag's (Dr.) Cell Tissue Tonic<br> +Hollister's Rocky Mountain Tea<br> +Hot Water Bottles<br> +Hydrox Chemical Company<br> +Hygeia Nursing Bottles<br> +I-De-Lite<br> +Irondequoit Port Wine<br> +Jetum<br> +Jucket's (Dr.) Salve<br> +Karith<br> +Kellogg's Asthma Remedy<br> +Knickerbocker Spraybrushes<br> +Kondon's Catarrhal Jelly<br> +Kumyss, Arend-Adamick<br> +Lemke's (Dr.) Golden Electric Liniment<br> +Lemke's (Dr.) Laxative Herb Tea<br> +Lemke's (Dr.) St. Johannis Drops<br> +Leslie Safety Razors<br> +Louisenbad Reduction Salt<br> +Lune de Miel Perfume<br> +"Lustr-ite" Toilet Specialties<br> +Luxtone Toilet Preparations<br> +Mando, Depilatory<br> +Manicure Goods<br> +Mares Cough Balsam<br> +Martel's (Dr.) Female Pills<br> +Marvel Syringes<br> +Mayr's Stomach Remedy<br> +"Meehan's" Razor Stropper<br> +Mey's Poultice<br> +Mixer Medicine Company<br> +Mt. Clemens Bitter Water<br> +Musterole<br> +Nardine<br> +New Bachelor Cigars<br> +Noblesse Toilet Preparations<br> +Obesity Gaveck Tablets<br> +Obesity Reducer, Downs'<br> +Olive Oil<br> +Orange Blossom<br> +Orangeine<br> +Ordway (Dr. D. P.) Plasters<br> +Oriental Cream<br> +Orthopedic Apparatus<br> +Palmer's Perfumes<br> +Paracamph<br> +Peckham's Croup Remedy<br> +Perry Davis Painkiller<br> +Physiological Tonicum<br> +Pinus Medicine Co.<br> +Piso's Remedy<br> +Planten's Capsules<br> +Plexo Toilet Cream<br> +Poland Water<br> +Pozzoni's Complexion Powder<br> +"Queen Bess" Perfume<br> +Rat-Nox<br> +Razor Stropper, "Meehan's"<br> +Razors<br> +Rex Bitters<br> +Riker's Tooth Powder<br> +Roachine<br> +Rossman's Pile Cure<br> +Saliodin<br> +Salted Peanuts<br> +Salubrin<br> +Samurai Perfumes<br> +Sandholm's Skin Lotion<br> +Sanford's Inks<br> +"Sanitas," Disinfectant<br> +Scheffler's Hair Colorine<br> +Seguin et Cie<br> +Sharp & Smith<br> +Shoes for the Lame<br> +Shoulder Braces<br> +Simplex Vaporizers<br> +Skidoo Soap<br> +Soaps, Stiefel's Medicinal<br> +Solo Rye<br> +Sorority Girl Toilet Requisites<br> +Sponges<br> +Stiefel's Medicinal Soaps<br> +St. Jacob's Oil<br> +Strong's Arnica Jelly<br> +Strong's Arnica Tooth Soap<br> +Sweet Babee Nursing Bottle<br> +Tailoring for Men<br> +Tanglefoot Fly Paper<br> +Toilet Paper<br> +Tooth Brushes<br> +Typewriters<br> +Tyrrell's Hygienic Institute<br> +Villacabras Mineral Water<br> +Virgin Oil of Pine<br> +Whittemore's Polishes<br> +Wright's Catarrhal Balm<br> +Wright's Rheumatic Remedy<br> +Young's Victoria Cream<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">SOCIAL FORMS</span><br> +<br> +Manners and Customs of Good Society<br> +<br> +ETIQUETTE OF COURTSHIP AND MARRIAGE.<br> +<br> +It is a growing custom in America not to announce an engagement until<br> +the date of the marriage is approximately settled. Long engagements are<br> +irksome to both man and woman, and a man is generally not supposed to<br> +ask a girl to marry him until he is able to provide a home for her.<br> +This, however, does not prevent long friendships between young couples<br> +or a sentimental understanding growing up between them, and it is during<br> +this period that they learn to know each other and find out if they are<br> +suited for a life's partnership.<br> +<br> +When a "young man goes a-courting" it generally means that he has some<br> +particular girl in mind whom he has singled out as the object of his<br> +devotion. A man a-courting is generally on his best behavior, and many a<br> +happily married wife looks back on her courting days as the most<br> +delightful of her life. At that time the woman is the object of a<br> +devotion to which she has as yet conceded nothing. She is still at<br> +liberty to weigh and choose, to compare her lover to other men, while<br> +the knowledge that she is the ultimate girl that some man is trying to<br> +win gives her a pretty sense of self-importance and a feeling that she<br> +has come into the heritage of womanhood.<br> +<br> +Whether it is one of the fictions about courtship or not, it is<br> +generally assumed that a young woman is longer in making up her mind<br> +than is the young man. When a man finds the right girl he is pretty apt<br> +to know it, and it is his business then to start out and persuade her to<br> +his point of view. "Neither willing nor reluctant" is the attitude of<br> +the young girl.<br> +<br> +<br> +Gifts and Attention.<br> +<br> +Just what attention a man is privileged to show a young woman to whom he<br> +is not engaged, and yet to whom he wishes to express his devotion, is a<br> +point a little difficult to define.<br> +<br> +If she is a bookish girl she will be pleased with gifts of books or the<br> +suggestion that they may read the same books so they may talk them over<br> +together. She will probably feel complimented if a man discusses with<br> +her his business affairs and the problems that are interesting men in<br> +their life work. When a man begins to call often and regularly on a girl<br> +it is best to have some topic of conversation aside from personalities.<br> +<br> +When a man is led to spend more money than he can afford in entertaining<br> +a girl it is a bad preparation for matrimony. Courtship is a time when a<br> +man desires to bring gifts, and it is quite right and fitting that he<br> +should do so within reasonable limits. A girl of refined feelings does<br> +not like to accept valuable presents from a man at this period of their<br> +acquaintance. Flowers, books, music, if the girl plays or sings, and<br> +boxes of candy are always permissible offerings which neither engage the<br> +man who offers them nor the girl who receives them. This is the time<br> +when a man invites a girl to the theater, to concerts and lectures, and<br> +may offer to escort her to church. The pleasure of her society is<br> +supposed to be a full return for the trouble and expense incurred in<br> +showing these small attentions.<br> +<br> +<br> +The Claims of Companionship.<br> +<br> +A man cannot justly complain if a girl accepts similar favors from other<br> +men, for until he has proposed and been accepted he has no claim on her<br> +undivided companionship. An attitude of proprietorship on his part,<br> +particularly if it is exercised in public, is as bad manners as it is<br> +unwise, and a high-spirited girl, although she may find her feelings<br> +becoming engaged, is prone to resent it. It should be remembered that a<br> +man is free to cease his attentions, and until he has finally<br> +surrendered his liberty he should not expect her to devote all her time<br> +to him.<br> +<br> +At this period it is a wise man who makes a friend of a girl's mother,<br> +and if he does this he will generally be repaid in a twofold manner. No<br> +matter how willful a girl may be, her mother's opinion of her friends<br> +always has weight with her.<br> +<br> +Moreover, what the mother is the girl will in all probability become,<br> +and a man has no better opportunity of learning a girl's mental and<br> +moral qualities than by knowing the woman who bore and reared her.<br> +<br> +<br> +Engagement and Wedding Rings.<br> +<br> +The form and material of "the mystic ring of marriage" change but<br> +little, and innovations on the plain gold band are rarely successful.<br> +The very broad, flat band is now out of date and replaced by a much<br> +narrower ring, sufficiently thick, however, to stand the usage of a<br> +lifetime. It is generally engraved on the concealed side with the<br> +initials of the giver and the date of the marriage. The gold in the ring<br> +should be as pure as possible, and the color, which depends on the alloy<br> +used, should be unobtrusive, the pale gold being better liked now than<br> +the red gold. Many women never remove their wedding ring after it has<br> +been put on and believe it is bad luck to do so.<br> +<br> +There is but one choice for an engagement ring, a solitaire diamond, and<br> +clusters or colored stones are not considered in this connection. As<br> +after the wedding the engagement ring is used as a guard to the wedding<br> +ring, it should be as handsome as possible, and a small, pure stone is a<br> +far better choice than a more showy one that may be a little off in<br> +color or possess a flaw.<br> +<br> +<br> +Correct Form in Jewelry.<br> +<br> +On the wedding day the groom often makes the bride a wedding present of<br> +some piece of jewelry, and if this is to be worn during the ceremony it<br> +should consist of white stones in a thin gold or platinum setting, such<br> +as a pendant, bracelet or pin of pearls and diamonds. If a colored stone<br> +is preferred--and a turquoise, for instance, adds the touch of blue<br> +which is supposed to bring a bride good luck--it should be concealed<br> +inside the dress during the services.<br> +<br> +As a memento of the event a groom often presents his ushers with a scarf<br> +pin or watch or cigarette case ornamented with the initials of the bride<br> +and groom, and the bride generally makes a similar present to her<br> +bridesmaids of some dainty piece of jewelry. Whether this takes the form<br> +of a pin, bracelet or one of the novelties that up-to-date jewelers are<br> +always showing, it should be the best of its kind. Imitation stones or<br> +"silver gilt" have no place as wedding gifts.<br> +<br> +<br> +Wedding Customs.<br> +<br> +There is no time in a woman's life when ceremonies seem so important as<br> +when a wedding in the family is imminent. Whether the wedding is to be a<br> +simple home ceremony or an elaborate church affair followed by a<br> +reception, the formalities which etiquette prescribes for these<br> +functions should be carefully studied and followed. Only by doing so can<br> +there be the proper dignity, and above all the absence of confusion that<br> +should mark the most important episode in the life of a man or woman.<br> +<br> +Wedding customs have undergone some changes of late years, mostly in the<br> +direction of simplicity. Meaningless display and ostentation should be<br> +avoided, and, if a girl is marrying into a family much better endowed in<br> +worldly goods than her own, she should have no false pride in insisting<br> +on simple festivities and in preventing her family from incurring<br> +expense that they cannot afford. The entire expenses of a wedding, with<br> +the exception of the clergyman's fee and the carriage which takes the<br> +bride and groom away for their honeymoon, are met by the bride's family,<br> +and there is no worse impropriety than in allowing the groom to meet or<br> +share any of these obligations. Rather than allow this a girl would show<br> +more self-respect in choosing to do away with the social side of the<br> +function and be content with the marriage ceremony read by her clergyman<br> +under his own roof.<br> +<br> +<br> +Invitations and Announcements.<br> +<br> +In the case of a private wedding announcement cards should be mailed the<br> +following day to all relatives and acquaintances of both the contracting<br> +parties.<br> +<br> +Evening weddings are no longer the custom, and the fashionable hour is<br> +now high noon, although in many cases three o'clock in the afternoon is<br> +the hour chosen. Whether the wedding is to be followed by a reception or<br> +not, the invitations to it should be sent out not less than two weeks<br> +before the event, and these should be promptly accepted or declined by<br> +those receiving them. The acceptance of a wedding invitation by no means<br> +implies that the recipient is obliged to give a present. These are only<br> +expected of relatives and near friends of the bride and groom, and in<br> +all cases the presents should be addressed and sent to the bride, who<br> +should acknowledge them by a prettily worded note of thanks as soon as<br> +the gifts are received or, at the latest, a few days after the marriage<br> +ceremony.<br> +<br> +<br> +Silver and Linen.<br> +<br> +The usual rule followed in the engraving of silver or the marking of<br> +linen is to use the initials of the bride's maiden name. The question of<br> +duplicate gifts is as annoying to the sender as it is to the young<br> +couple who are ultimately to enjoy the gifts. Theoretically, it is bad<br> +form to exchange a gift after it has been received, but, in truth, this<br> +is often done when a great deal of silver is given by close friends or<br> +members of the family it is a comparatively easy matter to find out what<br> +has already been sent and to learn the bride's wishes in this matter.<br> +<br> +<br> +Prenuptial Functions.<br> +<br> +After the wedding invitations are out it is not customary for a girl to<br> +attend any social functions or to be much seen in public. This gives her<br> +the necessary time to devote to the finishing of her trousseau and for<br> +making any necessary arrangements for the new life she is to take up<br> +after the honeymoon is over. Family dinners are quite proper at this<br> +time, and it is expected of her to give a lunch to her bridesmaids. The<br> +wedding presents may be shown at this occasion, but any more public and<br> +general display of them is now rarely indulged in and is, in fact, not<br> +considered in good taste.<br> +<br> +The groom, as a prenuptial celebration, is supposed to give a supper to<br> +his intimate bachelor friends and the men who are to act as ushers at<br> +the marriage ceremony. The ushers are generally recruited from the<br> +friends of the groom rather than those of the bride, but if she has a<br> +grown brother he is always asked to act in this capacity. Ushers, like<br> +bridesmaids, are chosen among the unmarried friends of the young couple,<br> +although a matron of honor is often included in the bridal party.<br> +<br> +<br> +The Bride's Trousseau.<br> +<br> +The bride's trousseau should be finished well before the fortnight<br> +preceding the wedding. Fashions change so quickly now that it is rarely<br> +advisable for a bride to provide gowns for more than a season ahead. If<br> +the check her father furnishes her for her trousseau is a generous one<br> +it is a wise provision to put a part of it aside for later use, and in<br> +so doing she has the equivalent of a wardrobe that will last her for a<br> +year or more.<br> +<br> +Custom has decreed that the bride's wedding dress shall be of pure<br> +white, and, as the marriage ceremony is a religious one, whether it<br> +takes place in a church or in a private house, that it shall be made<br> +high in the neck and with long sleeves. Orange blossoms, the natural<br> +flowers, form the trimming to the corsage and a coronet to fasten the<br> +veil. A bride's ornaments include only one gift of white jewelry, pearls<br> +or diamonds, from her future husband, and the bouquet he presents her.<br> +<br> +So many awkward moments have been occasioned in wedding ceremonies by<br> +removing the glove that brides are dispensing with wearing gloves at<br> +this time. The bride's appearance is by no means affected by this<br> +custom, and the slipping of the ring on the third finger of the left<br> +hand is made simpler and thereby more graceful. The engagement ring,<br> +which up to the time of the wedding ceremony has been worn on this<br> +finger, afterwards serves as a guard for the wedding ring.<br> +<br> +<br> +The Bridesmaids.<br> +<br> +Millinery is a most important question in discussing a wedding, and we<br> +cannot dismiss the question with the gown worn by the bride. A most<br> +serious consideration is what the bridesmaids are to wear, and this is<br> +generally only settled after long and serious consultation with the<br> +bride.<br> +<br> +It is generally agreed that all of these gowns shall be made by the same<br> +dressmaker so that they may conform to the colors and styles decided on,<br> +the gown of the maid or matron of honor differing slightly from the<br> +general scheme. At a church wedding bridesmaids wear hats and carry<br> +baskets or bouquets of flowers, but, if bouquets are carried, they<br> +should be quite unlike the one borne by the bride. It is customary for<br> +the bride to give her bridesmaids some souvenir of the occasion, and it<br> +is expected that the groom provide the gloves and ties for the ushers.<br> +<br> +<br> +Duties of the "Best Man."<br> +<br> +The duties of the "best man" are arduous, and it is indeed wise, as it<br> +is general, for a man to ask his best and most devoted friend to serve<br> +in this capacity. The best man is supposed to relieve the groom of all<br> +the details of the ceremony and to take on his shoulders all the worry<br> +incident to its success as a social function. It is he who purchases the<br> +gloves and ties for the other ushers and sees that they are coached in<br> +their duties; he procures the marriage license, if that is necessary,<br> +and has the ring ready for the groom at the critical moment. After the<br> +ceremony he is supposed to hand the clergyman his fee, and at the same<br> +time be in readiness to conduct the line of bridesmaids and ushers to<br> +their carriages. He must be at the bride's home, in case there is a<br> +wedding reception, before the principal actors in the ceremony are<br> +there. It is he who sends the notices of the event to the newspapers,<br> +and, if there is a formal breakfast with speech-making, it is the best<br> +man who proposes the health of the newly-married pair and replies to the<br> +toast in behalf of the bridesmaids. He is the one member of the wedding<br> +party who sees the happy couple off at the station and bids them the<br> +last farewell as they depart on their honeymoon. This is perhaps the<br> +time and moment when his good sense and social tact is the most needed,<br> +The foolish custom of decorating bridal baggage with white ribbon, and<br> +of throwing a superabundance of old shoes and a rain of rice after the<br> +departing pair, may be mitigated by a little care on his part.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">MOURNING CUSTOMS.</span><br> +<br> +There has been of late years a healthy revolt against the excessive use<br> +of crepe or the wearing of mourning for an undue period. Mourning is<br> +first of all a protection, for in these busy days and in a large city a<br> +death affecting our acquaintances is not always known to us. If we meet<br> +a friend wearing black we are instantly apprised that she has suffered<br> +the loss of a near member of her family. It is easy to say under such<br> +circumstances, "I am very sorry to see you in black," or "I am afraid I<br> +have not heard of your loss."<br> +<br> +For a father or mother full mourning, that is, black unrelieved by any<br> +touch of white, is worn for a year, and at the end of that period half<br> +mourning, consisting first of white with black, and then violet and<br> +gray, is worn for the second year. For a brother or sister or<br> +grandparent black is worn for six months, and then half mourning for the<br> +six months preceding the wearing of ordinary colors. What is called<br> +complimentary mourning, put on at the death of a relative by marriage,<br> +consists of the wearing of black for a period of from six weeks to a<br> +year, depending on the closeness of the personal relationship. For<br> +instance, in the case of the death of a mother-in-law residing in a<br> +distant city, it would only be necessary for a woman to wear black for a<br> +few weeks following the funeral. If, on the other hand, she resides in<br> +the same place and is a great deal in the company of her husband's<br> +family, it would show more tact and affection on her part to refrain<br> +from wearing colors for a longer period.<br> +<br> +Crepe is no longer obligatory in even first mourning. Many widows only<br> +wear the crepe-bordered veil hanging from the conventional bonnet for<br> +the funeral services and for a few weeks afterward, when it is replaced<br> +by an ordinary hat and veil of plain black net bordered with thin black<br> +silk. Widows wear neck and cuff bands of unstarched white book muslin,<br> +this being the only sort of white permitted during the first period of<br> +mourning. Young widows, especially those who must lead an active life,<br> +often lighten their mourning during the second year and discard it at<br> +the end of the second year. Of course the conventional period of<br> +mourning for a widow is three years, but, if there should be any<br> +indication that a second marriage is contemplated, black should<br> +gradually be put aside.<br> +<br> +However, the discarding of mourning is no indication that a woman is<br> +about to change her name, and the wearing of black is so much a matter<br> +of personal feeling that a woman should not be criticised for curtailing<br> +the conventional period.<br> +<br> +In this country it is not the custom for young children to wear<br> +mourning, and with men the wearing of a black band about the hat or on<br> +the left arm is all that is deemed necessary.<br> +<br> +A woman wearing full mourning refrains from attending the theater or any<br> +large functions. She may properly be seen at concerts, club meetings or<br> +lectures, and she may receive and visit her friends informally.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">ETIQUETTE OF THE VISITING CARD.</span><br> +<br> +The prevailing shape for a woman's card is nearly square (about 2-1/2 by<br> +3 inches), while the correct form for a man's card is slightly smaller.<br> +The color should be pure white with a dull finish, while the engraving,<br> +plain script or more elaborate text, is a matter of choice and fashion<br> +varying from time to time. It is safe to trust the opinion of a<br> +first-class stationer in this matter, for styles fluctuate, and he<br> +should be constantly informed of what polite usage demands.<br> +<br> +A woman's card should always bear the prefix "Miss" or "Mrs." There is<br> +no exception to this rule save in the case of women who have regularly<br> +graduated in medicine or theology and who are allowed therefore the use<br> +of "Dr." or "Rev." before the name. "Miss" or "Mrs." should not be used<br> +in addition to either of these titles.<br> +<br> +The card of a married woman is engraved with her husband's full name,<br> +such as Mrs. William Eaton Brown, but she has no right to any titles he<br> +may bear. If he is a judge or colonel she is still Mrs. James Eaton<br> +Brown and not Mrs. Judge or Mrs. Colonel Brown.<br> +<br> +A widow may with propriety retain the same visiting card that she used<br> +during the lifetime of her husband, especially if she has no grown son<br> +who bears his father's name. In that case she generally has her cards<br> +engraved with a part of her full maiden name before her husband's name,<br> +such as Mrs. Mary Baker Brown. In this country a divorced woman, if she<br> +has children, does not discard her husband's family name, neither does<br> +she retain his given name. For social purposes she becomes Mrs. Mary<br> +Baker Brown or, if she wishes, Mrs. Baker Brown.<br> +<br> +The address is engraved in the lower right corner of the visiting-card,<br> +and, if a woman has any particular day for receiving her friends, that<br> +fact is announced in the lower left corner. As a rule even informal<br> +notes should not be written on a visiting-card, although when a card<br> +accompanies a gift it is quite proper to write "Best wishes" or<br> +"Greetings" on it. This is even done when a card does not accompany a<br> +gift, but it should be borne in mind that a card message should not take<br> +the place of a note of thanks or be used when a more formal letter is<br> +necessary.<br> +<br> +A man's visiting-card should bear his full name with the prefix "Mr."<br> +unless he has a military title above the grade of lieutenant or is a<br> +doctor or clergyman. In these cases the proper title should be used in<br> +place of "Mr." Courtesy titles, although they may be common usage in<br> +conversation and a man may be known by them, are best abandoned on the<br> +visiting-card.<br> +<br> +During the first year of marriage cards are engraved thus:<br> +<br> + <span style="font-style: italic;"> <span + style="font-weight: bold;">Mr. and Mrs. William Eaton Brown</span></span><br> +<br> +and this card may be used in sending presents, returning wedding<br> +civilities or making calls, even when the bride is not accompanied by<br> +her husband. After the first year these cards are discarded, and husband<br> +and wife have separate visiting-cards.<br> +<br> +In some communities it is not the custom for a young girl to make formal<br> +calls without her mother. To meet this requirement the girl's name with<br> +the prefix "Miss" is engraved on her mother's card, below her mother's<br> +name.<br> +<br> +It is no longer considered necessary to leave a number of cards at the<br> +same house when calling in person or sending cards. If there are several<br> +women members of the family one card suffices. If a woman wishes to<br> +leave her husband's card she should leave two, one for the mistress and<br> +one for the man of the house. A woman never leaves a card for a man<br> +unless she has called on him on a matter of business and wishes him to<br> +be reminded of the fact.<br> +<br> +At a tea or large afternoon reception a card should be left in the hall<br> +as a guest departs, so as to enable the hostess to preserve a record of<br> +those who have called on her. If she is not able to attend she should<br> +send her visiting-card so that it may arrive on the day of the function.<br> +After a dinner or any formal function she should make a personal call or<br> +leave her card in person.<br> +<br> +When making an ordinary call it is not necessary to send one's<br> +visiting-card to the hostess by the servant who opens the door.<br> +Pronouncing the name distinctly is sufficient, but, if it is a first<br> +call, and there is danger that the hostess may not be familiar with the<br> +caller's address, it is best to leave a card on the hall table when<br> +leaving, no matter if the hostess herself conducts her visitor to the<br> +door.<br> +<br> +When one is invited but unable to attend a church wedding it is<br> +necessary to send, on the day of the ceremony, cards to those who issue<br> +the invitations. An invitation to a wedding reception or breakfast<br> +demands a more formal acceptance sent immediately on receipt of the<br> +invitation and couched in the same manner in which the invitation reads.<br> +<br> +A newcomer in town or a young married woman may receive a card from an<br> +older woman indicating her receiving days and hours. This is a polite<br> +invitation to call, and if she is unable to make a call at the time<br> +indicated she should send a card on that day.<br> +<br> +Cards of condolence are left as soon as possible after learning of the<br> +affliction. It is not necessary to write anything on the card; in fact,<br> +it is better not to do so, for, if the acquaintance warrants a personal<br> +message, it should take the form of a letter. On the other hand it is<br> +quite proper in felicitating a friend on a happy event, such as the<br> +announcement of an engagement in the family or the arrival of a new<br> +baby, to send a visiting-card with "Congratulations" written on it.<br> +<br> +There are times when it seems necessary to send cards to practically all<br> +one's acquaintances, This is wise after a long absence or a change of<br> +residence, and when one is leaving town for a long period it is proper<br> +to send cards with the French expression, <span + style="font-style: italic;">"Pour prendre conge."</span><br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">FORMALITIES IN DRESS AND ETIQUETTE.</span><br> +<br> +"Costly thy habit as thy purse can buy" was old Polonius' advice to his<br> +son, and he counseled suitability as well. It is this question of<br> +suitability that is the hall mark of correct dressing. A safe rule to<br> +follow, especially in the case of a young woman, is not to be<br> +conspicuous in attire and to conform to the standards of dress as set<br> +down by older women of recognized standing in the town in which she<br> +lives and the community in which her social or business life is spent.<br> +<br> +A young girl needs little adorning. Her school or college dresses should<br> +be characterized by their neatness, freshness, correctness of cut and<br> +utility rather than by elaborate trimmings or costly materials. Her<br> +party gowns are simpler than those of a girl who has left school, and<br> +she wears less jewelry. At the end of school life, if her parents are<br> +able and willing to give her a coming-out party, she begins her social<br> +career under the pleasantest auspices, and this is the opportunity for<br> +her first elaborate gown.<br> +<br> +<br> +The Debutante.<br> +<br> +The character of this gown depends largely on the nature of the<br> +entertainment given her.<br> +<br> +It most commonly takes the form of an afternoon tea or reception to<br> +which her mother invites all of her friends as well as the younger set.<br> +The debutante receives with her mother and wears an elaborate frock of<br> +light material and color, made high in the neck and with elbow sleeves.<br> +Long white gloves are worn, and her hair is more elaborately arranged<br> +than it was during her school-girl period. In fact, she is now a full-<br> +fledged young lady and is dressed accordingly. Such a gown may serve<br> +later as an informal evening gown, or, if it is made with a detachable<br> +yoke, it may be worn as a dancing-frock or for any evening occasion for<br> +which a full evening gown is expected.<br> +<br> +The receiving party at an afternoon function generally includes near<br> +relatives of the debutante, and a number of her intimate girl friends<br> +are asked to assist in various ways. These receive with her and her<br> +mother in the early part of the afternoon and later assist at the tea<br> +table or mingle among the guests. The ladies assisting do not wear hats,<br> +and the young girls in the party are gowned much like the debutante,<br> +except that their gowns may be less elaborate if they choose, and they<br> +do not carry flowers.<br> +<br> +A popular girl or one with many family connections may count on a good<br> +many floral offerings on the occasion of her coming-out party. These are<br> +scattered about the room, either left in bunches or arranged in vases.<br> +One large bunch she generally carries in her left hand, and it is a wise<br> +girl who avoids singling out anyone of her men friends by carrying his<br> +flowers. A gift from her father or brother or the flowers sent by some<br> +friend of the family is the better choice. The success a girl makes<br> +during her first year in society depends more on her general popularity<br> +than on the devotion of any one man.<br> +<br> +<br> +Afternoon Reception.<br> +<br> +For an afternoon reception light refreshments, consisting of tea,<br> +coffee, chocolate, perhaps a light claret cup, with cakes and delicate<br> +sandwiches, are sufficient, and these are set out on a long table in a<br> +room adjoining the reception parlors.<br> +<br> +If a large number of guests are expected it is necessary to have a maid<br> +or two in attendance to remove cups and saucers, keep the tea urn<br> +replenished with hot water and to bring additional cakes and sandwiches<br> +if the supply on the table is in danger of running short. Two women<br> +friends are generally asked to preside at the refreshment table, one at<br> +each end to pour tea and chocolate, and, as this task is an arduous one<br> +and much of the success of the entertainment depends on its being well<br> +done, it is advisable to relieve the ladies in charge during the<br> +afternoon. This, however, like every other feature of the entertainment,<br> +should be arranged beforehand. The charm of an afternoon reception lies<br> +in its apparent informality, but every detail should be considered in<br> +advance and all contingencies provided for. The debutante, and<br> +especially her mother, should be relieved from all such responsibilities<br> +before the guests begin to come.<br> +<br> +The mother's duties consist in welcoming her guests and presenting her<br> +daughter to them. If many people are arriving the guests are quickly<br> +passed on to some one of the ladies assisting, whose duty it is to see<br> +that they meet some of those who are already in the room and are<br> +eventually asked to the tea table. A part of the receiving party, and<br> +certainly the hostess and her daughter, should remain together in a<br> +place where they may be easily found as the guests enter the room.<br> +<br> +No more sympathetic act of friendship can be shown a debutante than to<br> +contribute toward the success of her party. Girls who are asked to<br> +assist should remember that their first duty is not to entertain their<br> +own friends who may happen to be present, but to see that everyone is<br> +welcome and that especially those who are not acquainted with many in<br> +the room have an opportunity to become so. Anyone asked to assist at a<br> +function of this sort is in a sense a hostess, and it is quite within<br> +her province to enter into conversation with any unoccupied guest<br> +whether she has been introduced or not.<br> +<br> +The usual hours for an afternoon tea are from four to six, but in the<br> +case of a coming-out reception the hour is often prolonged to seven so<br> +as to allow more men to be present than would be the case if the time<br> +were restricted to the early afternoon. In these busy days few men are<br> +at liberty to make afternoon calls, and it is always a compliment to a<br> +girl if her tea includes a sprinkling of black coats. Whatever hours are<br> +decided on, they should be engraved on the cards sent out two weeks<br> +before the tea. These are of the form and size of an ordinary<br> +visiting-card and include the daughter's name below that of her<br> +mother's. If she is the eldest unmarried daughter or the only girl in<br> +the family the card reads as follows:<br> +<br> + +<span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;">Mrs. Geo. Baker +Blank</span><br style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"> +<span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"> +Miss Blank</span><br style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"> +<br style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"> +<span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"> December 9, +1911</span><br style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"> +<span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"> 4 to 7 +o'clock</span><br> +<br> +The daughter's given name is only used in case she has an older<br> +unmarried sister.<br> +<br> +<br> +Ball and Evening Reception.<br> +<br> +A more elaborate form of coming-out party consists of a ball or of an<br> +evening reception followed by dancing, and in this case the card<br> +contains the word "Dancing" below the date of the entertainment and the<br> +hours at which it is given. Few homes are large enough to provide for<br> +even a small dance, and so a party of this sort is generally given at a<br> +hotel. The guests as well as the receiving party wear evening gowns<br> +without hats, and men are expected to come in full evening clothes,<br> +which means the long-tailed coats and not the popular Tuxedo, white<br> +gloves, and, although this is not obligatory, white waistcoats.<br> +<br> +After a girl has been introduced into society she has her individual<br> +visiting-cards, makes her own calls and is allowed to receive her own<br> +friends. Social customs differ with locality, and the chaperon is less<br> +customary in the West than in the East. In many cities girls are allowed<br> +to go to the theater and to evening parties with a man friend without a<br> +married woman being included in the party. A wise girl, however, is<br> +careful that any man she meets shall be introduced as soon as possible<br> +to some older member of her family and to introduce a young man calling<br> +for the first time to either her mother or father. Also when she accepts<br> +an invitation to an evening's entertainment she insists that her escort<br> +shall call for her at her own home and bring her directly home at the<br> +close of it. Dining or supping at a restaurant alone with a young man is<br> +sure to expose a girl to criticism.<br> +<br> +<br> +A Woman's Lunch.<br> +<br> +There are many pleasant forms of entertainment offered to a young girl<br> +entering society in which men are not included, and the most popular of<br> +these is a woman's lunch. This is a favorite form of entertainment for a<br> +young married woman to give in honor of some girl friend who has just<br> +come out in society or whose engagement has just been announced. One<br> +o'clock or half after is the usual hour, and the meal is served in<br> +courses and is as elaborate as the household resources may allow. The<br> +decorations of the table are important, and three courses are sufficient<br> +if they are carefully arranged. Handsome street costumes are worn for a<br> +function of this sort, and the guest of honor, if there is one, dresses<br> +as the others do. Outer wraps are left in the hall or in a room put<br> +aside for this purpose, and, as a rule, hats are retained and gloves<br> +removed when the guests sit down at table.<br> +<br> +The custom of wearing a hat during lunch is not an arbitrary one, and it<br> +is not universal. In France, for example, where social customs are most<br> +carefully observed, it is the custom to wear handsome afternoon gowns if<br> +invited for the noon meal and to remove hats. The noon meal there is a<br> +social function, and certain formalities are observed. In London, on the<br> +contrary, no matter if a number of guests are expected, lunch is an<br> +informal occasion, and women dress for lunch as they would for an<br> +afternoon tea.<br> +<br> +Hats are worn and women are prepared to rush off afterwards to meet<br> +other engagements. The English custom prevails now in the large cities<br> +in America, and, moreover, women seem disinclined to remove their hats<br> +after they are once dressed for the round of the day's social<br> +obligations.<br> +<br> +It is simpler and really quite conventional to leave the wearing of hats<br> +to the individual. The hostess should ask her guest if she wishes to<br> +take her hat off or retain it, and she can at the same time intimate to<br> +her guest, if she is a stranger in the town, what the others will<br> +probably do in this connection. True hospitality on the part of the<br> +hostess is to make her guests at ease, and true politeness on the part<br> +of the visitor is to conform to the rules governing the community that<br> +she is visiting.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">PROPER APPAREL FOR MEN.</span><br> +<br> +American gentlemen are no longer dependent on English tailors or on<br> +English fashions as they were some years ago. The American type of<br> +physique is a distinct one, and London tailors have never been able to<br> +fit American men as well as they do their own clients. Moreover social<br> +life is so different in the United States from what it is in England<br> +that men really need different clothes.<br> +<br> +Practically all American men are business men for the working hours of<br> +the day, and few of them have any time or inclination for anything save<br> +business clothes while daylight lasts. For dinner or for the evening<br> +what are generally called evening clothes are permissible, and in fact<br> +obligatory in large cities for anything beyond the most informal home<br> +functions.<br> +<br> +For the evening there is the informal and formal dress suit. The former<br> +consists of the long-tailed coat worn with either a white or black<br> +waistcoat. For a dancing party or formal dinner the white waistcoat is<br> +generally preferred, and, if it is worn, it must be accompanied by a<br> +white lawn tie. A made-up bow is considered incorrect. The<br> +accompaniments to a suit of this sort are patent-leather shoes and white<br> +kid gloves if dancing is a part of the evening programme.<br> +<br> +The informal evening suit includes the shorter dinner jacket or Tuxedo,<br> +as it was formerly called, and, strictly speaking, this is only<br> +considered proper for the club or for parties where ladies are not<br> +expected to be present. However, men who commonly dress for dinner in<br> +the home circle generally prefer the dinner jacket to the long coat, and<br> +well-dressed men are often seen wearing it at small dinner parties, at<br> +the theater or at any informal evening event. This coat is always worn<br> +with a black tie and waistcoat, and it is not a suitable apparel for a<br> +dance or any large formal evening affair.<br> +<br> +The correct dress for a daytime wedding is a black frock coat with light<br> +trousers, light fancy waistcoat and gray gloves and gray Ascot or<br> +four-in-hand tie, and the frock coat with black waistcoat proper for<br> +church or when making afternoon calls. Many young men are adopting for<br> +afternoon wear the English morning suit, which consists of a cutaway<br> +coat with trousers and waistcoat to match and made of some other color<br> +save black.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br style="font-weight: bold;"> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">WEDDING ANNIVERSARIES</span>.<br> +<br> +</big> +<div style="text-align: left;"> +<table style="width: 628px; height: 410px;" border="1" cellpadding="2" + cellspacing="2"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <td><big>First +Anniversary </big></td> + <td style="text-align: right;"><big> Cotton Wedding</big></td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><big>Second Anniversary </big></td> + <td style="text-align: right;"><big> Paper Wedding</big></td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><big>Third +Anniversary </big></td> + <td style="text-align: right;"><big> Leather Wedding</big></td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><big>Fifth +Anniversary </big></td> + <td style="text-align: right;"><big>Wooden Wedding</big></td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><big>Seventh Anniversary </big></td> + <td style="text-align: right;"><big> Woolen Wedding</big></td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><big>Tenth +Anniversary </big></td> + <td style="text-align: right;"><big> Tin +Wedding</big></td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><big>Twelfth Anniversary </big></td> + <td style="text-align: right;"><big> Silk +and Fine Linen Wedding</big></td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><big>Fifteenth Anniversary </big></td> + <td style="text-align: right;"><big> Crystal Wedding</big></td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><big>Twentieth Anniversary </big></td> + <td style="text-align: right;"><big> China Wedding</big></td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><big>Twenty-fifth Anniversary </big></td> + <td style="text-align: right;"><big> Silver Wedding</big></td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><big>Thirtieth Anniversary </big></td> + <td style="text-align: right;"><big> Pearl Wedding</big></td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><big>Fortieth Anniversary </big></td> + <td style="text-align: right;"><big> Ruby +Wedding</big></td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><big>Fiftieth Anniversary </big></td> + <td style="text-align: right;"><big> Golden +Wedding</big></td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><big>Seventy-fifth Anniversary </big></td> + <td style="text-align: right;"><big> Diamond Wedding</big></td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +<big></big> +</div> +<big><br> +<br> +<br style="font-weight: bold;"> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">HOW TO SELECT COLORS</span><br> +<br> +The Natural Laws of Tints, Tones, Shades and Hues.<br> +<br> +Some combinations of color are pleasing to the eye, and some are<br> +discordant. The reasons for this are based on natural laws and are<br> +explained in a very simple manner in a learned article by Dr. W. K. Carr<br> +which originally appeared in Shop Notes Quarterly. Impressions continue<br> +upon the retina of the eye, says Dr. Carr, about one-sixth of a second<br> +after the object has been moved. For this reason a point of light or<br> +flame whirled swiftly around appears as a continuous ring. Or take a<br> +piece or red ribbon, place it on white paper, look intently at it for<br> +thirty seconds and suddenly remove the ribbon. The portion of the paper<br> +which was covered by the ribbon will then appear green. The explanation<br> +is that the color sensation in the eye is caused by the almost<br> +unthinkably rapid whirling of electrons around their atoms, and that the<br> +retina, becoming fatigued by the vibration of the red, is therefore less<br> +sensitive to them. When the ribbon is suddenly removed, the eye sees,<br> +not the blue, yellow and red which produce the white surface of the<br> +paper, but, because of the fatigue of the eye to the red, it sees only<br> +the blue and yellow constituents of the white light. But blue and yellow<br> +produce green; hence the tendency at the eye to see the complementary of<br> +a color. This may be referred to as the "successive contrast of colors."<br> +<br> +<br> +Colors for Blondes and for Brunettes.<br> +<br> +Now, for a practical application of this knowledge.<br> +<br> +The hair of the blond is a mixture of red, yellow and brown. As a rule<br> +the skin is lighter, that is, it contains not so much orange, and the<br> +tinges of red are lighter. Nature, therefore, very properly made the<br> +blond's eyes blue, since the blue is complementary to the orange of her<br> +hair.<br> +<br> +The brunette's skin, on the other hand, has more orange in it, and hence<br> +a color favorable to one would not be becoming to the other.<br> +<br> +What would be the effect of green upon a complexion deficient in red? It<br> +would certainly heighten the rose tints in the cheeks, but the greatest<br> +care should be exercised in the selection of the proper shade of green,<br> +because the brunette's complexion contains a great deal of orange, and<br> +the green, acting upon the red of the orange, could readily produce a<br> +brick-dust appearance. Green, therefore, is a risky color for a<br> +brunette, and so is violet, which would neutralize the yellow of the<br> +orange and heighten the red. But if the orange complexion had more<br> +yellow than red, then the association of violet would produce pallor.<br> +Yellow, of course, is her color, since its complementary violet<br> +neutralizes the yellow of the orange complexion and leaves the red.<br> +<br> +But with the yellow-haired blond the conditions are very different. The<br> +complementary of blue is orange, which improves the hair and freshens<br> +the light flesh tints. A blond, therefore can wear blue, just as a<br> +brunette can wear yellow.<br> +<br> +In arranging flowers the same law holds. Complementary colors should be<br> +placed side by side; blue with orange, yellow with violet, red and rose<br> +with green leaves. And anyone who successfully selects his wall paper<br> +and house furnishings is drawing unconsciously, perhaps, on an intuitive<br> +knowledge of these fundamental facts. Dark papers are bad, especially in<br> +rooms with a northern exposure, because they absorb too much light. The<br> +complementaries of red and violet are exceedingly trying to most<br> +complexions, and orange and orange-yellow are fatiguing to the eye. The<br> +most pleasing effects are to be had with yellow, light blue and light<br> +green, for the latter freshens the red in pale skins, and the blue<br> +heightens blond complexions, and goes well with gilding and with<br> +mahogany and cherry furniture.<br> +<br> +<br> +COLOR CONTRAST AND HARMONY.<br> +<br> +The following tables will be found useful in selecting colors for dress,<br> +decoration, or any other purpose in which the proper application of the<br> +true laws of contrast and harmony in color is desirable:<br> +<br> +Contrasts in Color.<br> +<br> +Yellow contrasts with--<br> +Purple, russet, and auburn.<br> +Red contrasts with--<br> +Green, olive, and drab.<br> +Blue contrasts with--<br> +Orange, citrine, and buff.<br> +<br> +Harmonies in Color.<br> +<br> +Yellow harmonizes with--<br> +Orange, green, citrine, russet, buff, and drab.<br> +Red harmonizes with--<br> +Orange, purple, russet, citrine, auburn, and buff.<br> +Blue harmonizes with--<br> +Purple, green, olive, citrine, drab, and auburn.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">THE CARE OF THE TEETH.</span><br> +<br> +Decay of the teeth, or caries, commences externally, appearing upon the<br> +enamel or bony structure of the teeth. Usually it is the result of<br> +chemical action produced by decomposition of food. Acids found in some<br> +fruits will cause decay if allowed to remain in contact with the teeth.<br> +Then there are the natural mouth acids, which, although not strong, are<br> +none the less effective if allowed to remain long enough around the<br> +teeth. Microscopical examinations have shown that the secretions of<br> +almost every person's month contain more or less vegetable and animal<br> +life that will withstand the application of acids and astringents and<br> +will only succumb to alkalies. A dentifrice or mouth wash should be<br> +alkaline.<br> +<br> +<br> +Toothache.<br> +<br> +Toothache is not always due to an exposed nerve, for in the majority of<br> +teeth extracted because they are painful the nerve is dead. Inflammation<br> +is often the cause of the trouble.<br> +<br> +A toothache due to inflammation is a steady, aggravating pain,<br> +overspreading the affected side of the face, sometimes even the neck and<br> +shoulder. As there is no nerve to kill in a case of this kind, the tooth<br> +should be treated until cured, or removed upon the first symptom of<br> +trouble. Its extraction would be unattended by any danger and would<br> +afford welcome relief.<br> +<br> +Tartar, a creamy, calcareous deposit, supposed to be from the saliva,<br> +will sometimes cause toothache. It accumulates around the necks of the<br> +teeth and eventually becomes hard and dark-colored. It also causes foul<br> +breath and loosens the gums from the teeth, causing them to present an<br> +unsightly appearance.<br> +<br> +<br> +The Teeth of Children.<br> +<br> +Children have twenty temporary teeth, which begin making their<br> +appearance about the sixth or seventh month. The time varies in<br> +different children. This is the most dangerous and troublesome period of<br> +the child's existence, and every parent will do well to consult a<br> +reputable dentist. About the second or third year the temporary teeth<br> +are fully developed. They require the same care to preserve them as is<br> +exercised toward the permanent set.<br> +<br> +About the sixth year, or soon after, four permanent molars, or double<br> +teeth, make their appearance. Some parents mistakenly suppose these<br> +belong to the first set. It is a serious error. They are permanent<br> +teeth, and if lost will be lost forever. No teeth that come after the<br> +sixth year are ever shed. Let every parent remember this.<br> +<br> +At twelve years the second set is usually complete, with the exception<br> +of the wisdom teeth, which appear anywhere from the eighteenth to the<br> +twenty-fourth year. When the second set is coming in the beauty and<br> +character of the child's countenance is completed or forever spoiled.<br> +Everything depends upon proper care at this time to see that the teeth<br> +come with regularity and are not crowded together. The teeth cannot have<br> +too much room. When a little separated they are less liable to decay.<br> +<br> +<br> +Dentifrices--Useful and Injurious.<br> +<br> +The habit of caring for the teeth daily, and if possible after each<br> +meal, should be established early in life.<br> +<br> +Those who have neglected to do so should lose no time in consulting a<br> +reputable dentist, and then persistently caring for their teeth day by<br> +day. Children especially should be taught to use the tooth-brush and<br> +some reliable dentifrice. The more pleasant the preparation the easier<br> +it will be to teach them its daily use. A fragrant, refreshing liquid is<br> +recommended, as it is a mouth wash as well as a tooth cleanser. The<br> +habit thus formed, neglected for even a single day, will make the mouth<br> +feel decidedly uncomfortable.<br> +<br> +<br> +Cleansing the Teeth.<br> +<br> +Preparations for cleansing the teeth and purifying the mouth should be<br> +free from all acids, and should be saponaceous or soapy, containing as<br> +one of the principal ingredients an alkali to neutralize the acids and<br> +destroy the animal and vegetable parasites which, as the microscope<br> +would show us, are in the secretions of almost every person's mouth.<br> +<br> +A finely triturated powder having slight abrasive properties, but free<br> +from dangerous grit, should be used as the complement of a liquid. One<br> +way to use both is to pour on the wet brush or into the palm of the hand<br> +a sufficient quantity of powder and moisten it with the liquid.<br> +Occasionally the powder or the liquid alone could be employed. Be<br> +careful to use a liquid and powder of established reputation.<br> +<br> + Beware of thy teeth.<br> + Take good care of thy teeth,<br> + And they will take good care of thee.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">THE PERFECT FEMALE FIGURE.</span><br> +<br> +According to the Chicago Tribune, Miss Helen Loewe, a student at the<br> +Chicago Art Institute, is credited by art critics with closely<br> +approaching the standard of physical perfection set by statues of the<br> +goddess Venus. Miss Loewe was posed as a model for a series of<br> +photographs issued for the benefit of the playground fund of Oak Park.<br> +<br> +Aside from the artistic nature of Miss Loewe, a comparison of<br> +measurements with those of the typically perfect figure explains part of<br> +the success of these photographic studies.<br> +<br> +</big> +<table style="width: 518px; height: 340px;" border="1" cellpadding="2" + cellspacing="2"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <td>Miss Loewe. </td> + <td><br> + </td> + <td> Perfect figure.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>5 ft. 7 in </td> + <td>Height. </td> + <td> 5 ft. 8 in.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>138 </td> + <td>Weight </td> + <td> 140</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>13-1/2 </td> + <td> Neck </td> + <td> 13</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>32 </td> + <td> Chest </td> + <td> 33</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>36 </td> + <td> Bust </td> + <td> 37</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>22 </td> + <td> Waist </td> + <td> 23</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>36 </td> + <td> Hips </td> + <td> 39</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>22 </td> + <td> Thigh </td> + <td> 24</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>10 </td> + <td> Upper +arm </td> + <td> 11</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>8-1/2 </td> + <td> Forearm </td> + <td> 9</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>14 </td> + <td> Calf </td> + <td> 15</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +<big><br> +<br> +<br style="font-weight: bold;"> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">MEN AND COMPLEXIONS.</span><br> +<br> +Dr. Katherine Blackford, of Boston, speaking of men's complexions,<br> +arrives at the following conclusions. There are, of course, exceptions<br> +to all rules: "As a general rule, the blonds are inconstant. They change<br> +their minds too often. They get angry one moment and forgive the next.<br> +They are impulsive, and when they do commit crimes they are done on the<br> +impulse of the moment. A blond radiates his personality about him. The<br> +brunette, on the other hand as a rule, likes to concentrate on one<br> +subject. He is a specialist. He prefers his home and family, and his<br> +pleasures are more often lectures and kindred entertainments than those<br> +of a lighter order. He learns slowly, but he retains what he knows far<br> +better than does the blond."<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">HOW THE BABY'S MIND DEVELOPS.</span><br> +<br> +In his book on "The Development of the Intellect," Mr. H. W. Brown<br> +presents a conspectus of the observations of Prof. Preyer on the mind of<br> +the child which shows chronologically the gradual development of the<br> +senses, intellect and will of the growing child and presents in a<br> +condensed form the result of a great number of careful observations.<br> +<br> +It is recorded that sensibility to light, touch, temperature, smell and<br> +taste are present on the first day of infant life. Hearing, therefore,<br> +is the only special sense which is not active at this time. The child<br> +hears by the third or fourth day. Taste and smell are senses at the<br> +first most active, but they are differentiated. General organic<br> +sensations of well being or discomfiture are felt from the first, but<br> +pain and pleasure as mental states are not noted till at or near the<br> +second month.<br> +<br> +The first sign of speech in the shape of utterance of consonant sounds<br> +is heard about the end of the second month, these consonants being<br> +generally "m," "r," "g," or "t." All the movements of the eyes become<br> +co-ordinate by the fourth month, and by this time the child begins to<br> +have the "feeling of self," that is, he looks at his own hands and looks<br> +at himself in the mirror. The study of the child's mind during the first<br> +year shows conclusively that ideas develop and reasoning processes occur<br> +before there is any knowledge of words or of language; though it may be<br> +assumed that the child thinks in symbols, visual or auditory, which are<br> +clumsy equivalents for words. By the end of the year the child begins to<br> +express itself by sounds--that is, speech begins. The development of<br> +this speech capacity is, according to Preyer, in accordance with the<br> +development of the intellectual powers. By the end of the second year<br> +the child's power of speech is practically acquired.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">THE WONDERFUL HUMAN BRAIN.</span><br> +<br> +According to the novel computations of a renowned histologist, who has<br> +been calculating the aggregate cell forces of the human brain, the<br> +cerebral mass is composed of at least 300,000,000 of nerve cells, each<br> +an independent body, organism, and microscopic brain so far as concerns<br> +its vital functions, but subordinate to a higher purpose in relation to<br> +the functions of the organ; each living a separate life individually,<br> +though socially subject to a higher law of function.<br> +<br> +The lifetime of a nerve cell he estimates to be about sixty days, so<br> +that 5,000,000 die every day, about 200,000 every hour, and nearly 3,500<br> +every minute, to be succeeded by an equal number of their progeny; while<br> +once in every sixty days a man has a new brain.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br style="font-weight: bold;"> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">MOURNING COLORS THE WORLD OVER.</span><br> +<br> +Black is by no means the only color used by man to express grief or<br> +mourning for the dead. In the South Sea Islands the natives express<br> +sorrow and hope by stripes of black and white. Grayish brown, the color<br> +of the earth to which the dead return, is used in Ethiopia. Pale brown,<br> +the color of withered leaves, is the mourning of Persia. Sky-blue, to<br> +express the assured hope that the deceased has gone to heaven, is the<br> +mourning of Syria, Cappadocia, and Armenia. Deep blue in Bokhara. Purple<br> +and violet, to express "kings and queens to God," was the color of<br> +mourning for cardinals and kings of France. The color of mourning in<br> +Turkey is violet. White (emblem of hope) is the color of mourning in<br> +China. Henry VIII. wore white for Anne Boleyn. The ladies of ancient<br> +Rome and Sparta wore white. It was the color of mourning in Spain till<br> +1498. Yellow is the color of mourning in Egypt and in Burmah. Anne<br> +Boleyn wore yellow mourning for Catharine of Aragon.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">CURIOUS FACTS ABOUT HAIR.</span><br> +<br> +The hair of men is finer than that of women.<br> +<br> +The average weight of a head of hair is from 5 to 12 ounces.<br> +<br> +On an average head there are about 1,000 hairs to the square inch.<br> +<br> +Hair will stretch about one-fourth of its length and retract nearly to<br> +its original length.<br> +<br> +Four hairs of good strength will hold suspended a one-pound weight. A<br> +single head of hair, of average growth, would therefore hold suspended<br> +an entire audience of 200 people.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">THINGS THAT ARE MISNAMED</span><br> +<br> +Catgut is gut of sheep.<br> +<br> +Baffin's Bay is no bay at all.<br> +<br> +Arabic figures were invented by the Indians.<br> +<br> +Turkish baths are not of Turkish origin.<br> +<br> +Blacklead is a compound of carbon and iron.<br> +<br> +Slave by derivation should mean noble, illustrious.<br> +<br> +Turkeys do not come from Turkey, but North America.<br> +<br> +Titmouse is not a mouse, but a little hedge sparrow.<br> +<br> +Dutch clocks are of German (Deutsch), not Dutch manufacture.<br> +<br> +Salt (that is table salt) is not a salt at all, but "chloride of<br> +sodium."<br> +<br> +Galvanized iron is not galvanized--simply iron coated with zinc.<br> +<br> +Ventriloquism is not voice from the stomach, but from the mouth.<br> +<br> +Kid gloves are not kid at all, but are made of lambskin or sheepskin.<br> +<br> +Pompey's Pillar, in Alexandria, was erected neither by nor to Pompey.<br> +<br> +Tonquin beans come from Tonka, in Guinea, not Tonquin, in Asia.<br> +<br> +Fire, air, earth, and water, called the four elements, are not elements<br> +at all.<br> +<br> +Rice paper is not made from rice, but from the pith of Tungtsau, or<br> +hollowplant.<br> +<br> +Japan lacquer contains no lac at all, but is made from the resin of a<br> +kind of nut tree.<br> +<br> +Pen means a feather. (Latin. "penna," a wing.) A steel pen is therefore<br> +an anomaly.<br> +<br> +Jerusalem artichoke has no connection with Jerusalem, but with the<br> +sunflower, "girasole."<br> +<br> +Humble pie, for "umbil pie." The umbils of venison were served to<br> +inferiors and servants.<br> +<br> +Lunar caustic is simply nitrate of silver, and silver is the<br> +astrological symbol of the moon.<br> +<br> +Bridegroom has nothing to do with groom. It is the old English "guma," a<br> +man, "bryd-guma."<br> +<br> +Mother of pearl is the inner layer of several sorts of shell, and in<br> +some cases the matrix of the pearl.<br> +<br> +Sealing wax is not wax at all nor does it contain wax. It is made of<br> +shellac, Venice turpentine and cinnabar.<br> +<br> +Cleopatra's Needles were not erected by Cleopatra, nor in honor of that<br> +queen, but by Thothmes III.<br> +<br> +German silver is not silver at all, but a metallic mixture which has<br> +been in use in China time out of mind.<br> +<br> +Cuttle-bone is not bone, but a structure of pure chalk imbedded loosely<br> +in the substance of a species of cuttlefish.<br> +<br> +America was named after Amerigo Vespucci, a naval astronomer of<br> +Florence, but he did not discover the New World.<br> +<br> +Prussian blue does not come from Prussia. It is the precipitate of the<br> +salt of protoxide of iron with red prussiate of potass.<br> +<br> +Wormwood has nothing to do with worms or wood; it is the Anglo-Saxon<br> +"wer mod," man-inspiriting, being a strong tonic.<br> +<br> +Honeydew is neither honey nor dew, but an animal substance given off by<br> +certain insects, especially when hunted by ants.<br> +<br> +Gothic architecture is not that of the Goths, but the ecclesiastical<br> +style employed in England and France before the Renaissance.<br> +<br> +Sperm oil properly means "seed oil," from the notion that it was spawn<br> +or milt of a whale. It is chiefly taken, however, from the head, not the<br> +spawn of the "spermaceti" whale.<br> +<br> +Whalebone is not bone, nor does it possess any properties of bone. It is<br> +a substance attached to the upper jaw of the whale, and serves to strain<br> +the water which the creature takes up.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br style="font-weight: bold;"> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">THE LANGUAGE OF THE FLAG.</span><br> +<br> +To "strike a flag" is to lower the national colors in token of<br> +submission.<br> +<br> +Flags are used as the symbol of rank and command, the officers using<br> +them being called flag officers. Such flags are square, to distinguish<br> +them from other banners.<br> +<br> +A "flag of truce" is a white flag displayed to an enemy to indicate a<br> +desire to parley or for consultation.<br> +<br> +The white flag is a sign of peace. After a battle parties from both<br> +sides often go out to the field to rescue the wounded or bury dead under<br> +the protection of a white flag.<br> +<br> +The red flag is a sign of defiance, and is often used by revolutionists.<br> +In the naval service it is a mark of danger, and shows a vessel to be<br> +receiving or discharging her powder.<br> +<br> +The black flag is a sign of piracy.<br> +<br> +The yellow flag shows a vessel to be at quarantine or is the sign of a<br> +contagious disease.<br> +<br> +A flag at half-mast means mourning. Fishing and other vessels return<br> +with a flag at half-mast to announce the loss or death of some of the<br> +men.<br> +<br> +Dipping the flag is lowering it slightly and then hoisting it again to<br> +salute a vessel or fort.<br> +<br> +If the President of the United States goes afloat the American flag is<br> +carried in the bows of his barge or hoisted at the main of the vessel on<br> +board of which he is.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">DEATH SENTENCE OF THE SAVIOR.</span><br> +<br> +The following is said to be the sentence of death, word for word,<br> +pronounced against Jesus Christ:<br> +<br> +Sentence pronounced by Pontius Pilate, intendent of the lower province<br> +of Galilee, that Jesus of Nazareth shall suffer death by the cross. In<br> +the seventeenth year of the reign of Emperor Tiberius, and on the 24th<br> +day of the month, in the most holy city of Jerusalem, during the<br> +pontificate of Annas and Caiaphas.<br> +<br> +Pontius Pilate, intendent of the Province of Lower Galilee, sitting to<br> +judgment in the presidential seat of the Praetors, sentences Jesus of<br> +Nazareth to death on a cross between robbers, as the numerous and<br> +notorious testimonies of the people prove:<br> +<br> +1. Jesus is a misleader.<br> +<br> +2. He has excited the people to sedition.<br> +<br> +3. He is an enemy to the laws.<br> +<br> +4. He calls himself the son of God.<br> +<br> +5. He calls himself, falsely, the King of Israel.<br> +<br> +6. He went to the temple followed by a multitude carrying palms in their<br> +hands. Orders from the first centurion Quirrillis Cornelius to bring him<br> +to the place of execution. Forbids all persons, rich or poor, to prevent<br> +the execution of Jesus.<br> +<br> +The witnesses who have signed the execution of Jesus are:<br> +<br> +1. Daniel Robani, Pharisee.<br> +<br> +2. John Zorobabic.<br> +<br> +3. Raphael Robani.<br> +<br> +4. Capet.<br> +<br> +Jesus is to be taken out of Jerusalem through the gate of Tournes.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">THE HORSE'S PRAYER.</span><br> +<br> +To thee, my master, I offer my prayer: Feed, water and care for me; and<br> +when the day's work is done, provide me with shelter and a clean, dry<br> +bed. Always be kind to me. Pet me sometimes, that I may serve you the<br> +more gladly and learn to love you. Do not jerk the reins, and do not<br> +whip me when going up hill. Never strike, beat or kick me when I do not<br> +understand what you want, but give me a chance to understand you. Watch<br> +me, and if I fail to do your bidding, see if something is not wrong with<br> +my harness or feet.<br> +<br> +Do not overload me or hitch me where water will drip on me. Keep me well<br> +shod. Examine my teeth when I do not eat; I may have an ulcerated tooth,<br> +and that, you know, is painful. Do not tie or check my head in an<br> +unnatural position or take away my best defence against flies and<br> +mosquitoes by cutting off my mane or tail.<br> +<br> +I cannot tell you when I am thirsty, so give me clean, cool water often.<br> +I cannot tell you in words when I am sick, so watch me and by signs you<br> +may know my condition. Give me all possible shelter from the hot sun,<br> +and put a blanket on me not when I am working, but when I am standing in<br> +the cold. Never put a frosty bit in my mouth; first warm it by holding<br> +it in your hands.<br> +<br> +I try to carry you and your burdens without a murmur, and wait patiently<br> +for you long hours of the day or night. Without the power to choose my<br> +shoes or path, I sometimes fall on the hard pavements, and I must be<br> +ready at any moment to lose my life in your service.<br> +<br> +And finally, O, my master, when my useful strength is gone, do not turn<br> +me out to starve or freeze, nor sell me to some human brute to be slowly<br> +tortured and starved to death, but do thou, my master, take my life in<br> +the kindest way, and your God will reward you here and hereafter. Amen.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br style="font-weight: bold;"> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">A LADY'S CHANCE OF MARRYING.</span><br> +<br> +Every woman has some chance to marry. It may be one to fifty, or it may<br> +be ten to one that she will. Representing her entire chance at one<br> +hundred at certain points of her progress in time, it is found to be in<br> +the following ratio:<br> +<br> +</big> +<table style="width: 573px; height: 228px;" border="1" cellpadding="2" + cellspacing="2"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <td>Between the ages of 15 and 20 years </td> + <td>14-1/2 per cent</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Between the ages of 20 and 25 years </td> + <td>52 per cent</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Between the ages of 25 and 30 years </td> + <td> 18 per cent</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Between the ages of 30 and 35 years </td> + <td> 15-1/2 per cent</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Between the ages of 35 and 40 years </td> + <td>3-3/4 per cent</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Between the ages of 40 and 45 years </td> + <td>2-1/2 per cent</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Between the ages of 45 and 50 years </td> + <td> 3/4 of 1 percent</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Between the ages of 50 and 56 years </td> + <td> 1/8 of 1 per cent</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +<big><br> +<br> +After sixty it is one-tenth of one per cent, or one chance in a +thousand.<br> +<br> +<br> + Some hae meat and canna' eat,<br> + And some wad eat who want it;<br> + But we hae meat and we can eat,<br> + So let the Lord be thankit.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">HINTS ON SHAVING.</span><br> +<br> +Learn to shave right.<br> +<br> +Don't shave in a hurry.<br> +<br> +Have the water hot enough so that it won't cool too quickly.<br> +<br> +Wash the face with soap and hot water before lathering, especially if<br> +the beard is hard.<br> +<br> +Have the lather very soapy--thin enough to spread easily, yet thick<br> +enough so it won't drop. Rub well into the face with the brush, then<br> +with the fingers. The longer you lather and the more you rub, the easier<br> +the shave.<br> +<br> +The hair usually grows downward. Shave with the grain, not against it.<br> +Use a sliding motion, as well as downward.<br> +<br> +If you get a "nick," wash with cold water. Rubbing the cut with a piece<br> +of lump alum will stop the bleeding at once and help to heal.<br> +<br> +Hold the razor properly. Lay it as flat as possible--the back of razor<br> +nearly touching the skin. Have it under easy control. Don't grab it--an<br> +easy position means an easy shave.<br> +<br> +A poor strop will spoil the best razor ever made.<br> +<br> +To buy a good razor and a cheap strop is pour economy.<br> +<br> +If you prefer a swing strop, pull it as tightly as you can. Better use a<br> +stiff strop--cushion or solid--if in doubt.<br> +<br> +A serious mistake made by a number of self-shavers is to hold the strop<br> +loose. This bends the invisible teeth and rounds the edge.<br> +<br> +Strop your razor before and after shaving. This keeps the edge free from<br> +rust.<br> +<br> +Dip your razor in hot water before stropping and shaving. This dissolves<br> +the accumulation in the invisible teeth.<br> +<br> +Press as hard as you like on the back of the blade, but very lightly on<br> +the edge.<br> +<br> +As you reach the end of the strop, turn the razor on the back of the<br> +blade to strop the other side, pulling toward you.<br> +<br> +Keep rust away from your strop, and remember that a cut in the strop<br> +will ruin your razor. Don't use a strop that is cut.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">FACTS TO SETTLE ARGUMENTS</span><br> +<br> +Telephone invented. 1861.<br> +<br> +There are 2,750 languages.<br> +<br> +Sound moves 743 miles per hour.<br> +<br> +Hawks can fly 150 miles an hour.<br> +<br> +Chinese invented paper, 170 B. C.<br> +<br> +A hand, horse measure, is 4 inches.<br> +<br> +German Empire re-established, 1871.<br> +<br> +Storm clouds move 36 miles an hour.<br> +<br> +The first steel pen was made in 1830.<br> +<br> +Phonographs invented by Edison, 1877.<br> +<br> +Light moves 187,000 miles per second.<br> +<br> +Watches were first constructed in 1476.<br> +<br> +First steamer crossed the Atlantic, 1819.<br> +<br> +Rome was founded by Romulus, 752 B. C.<br> +<br> +First musical notes used, 1338; printed, 1502.<br> +<br> +The first Atlantic cable was operated in 1858.<br> +<br> +The first balloon ascended from Lyons, France, 1783.<br> +<br> +Slow rivers flow at the rate of seven-tenths of a mile per hour.<br> +<br> +Napoleon I. crowned Emperor, 1804; died at St. Helena, 1820.<br> +<br> +Harvard, the oldest college in the United States, was founded, 1638.<br> +<br> +The first steam engine on this continent was brought from England, 1753.<br> +<br> +The most extensive park is Deer Park in Denmark. It contains 4,200<br> +acres.<br> +<br> +Measure 209 ft. on each side and you will have a square acre, to an<br> +inch.<br> +<br> +Albert Durer gave the world a prophecy of future wood engraving in 1527.<br> +<br> +The first iron ore discovered in this country was found in Virginia in<br> +1715.<br> +<br> +"Bravest of the Brave" was the title given to Marshal Ney at Friedland,<br> +1807.<br> +<br> +The highest bridge in the world, 360 ft. from the surface of the +water,<br> +is over a gorge at Constantine in Algiers.<br> +<br> +The first volunteer fire company in the United States was at<br> +Philadelphia, 1736.<br> +<br> +St. Augustine, oldest city in the United States, founded by the<br> +Spaniards, 1565.<br> +<br> +Jamestown, Va., founded, 1607; first permanent English settlement in<br> +America.<br> +<br> +Books in their present form were invented by Attalus, kind of Pergamos,<br> +198 B. C.<br> +<br> +Robert Raikes established the first Sunday-school, at Gloucester,<br> +England, 1781.<br> +<br> +Oberlin College, Ohio, was the first in the United States that admitted<br> +female students.<br> +<br> +The first knives were used in England, and the first wheeled carriages<br> +in France, in 1559.<br> +<br> +The largest park in the United States is Fairmont, at Philadelphia, and<br> +contains 2.740 acres.<br> +<br> +The highest natural bridge in the world is at Rockbridge, Virginia,<br> +being 200 feet high to the bottom of the arch.<br> +<br> +The largest empire in the world is that of Great Britain, being<br> +8,557,658 square miles, and more than a sixth part of the globe.<br> +<br> +The first electrical signal ever transmitted between Europe and America<br> +passed over the Field submarine cable on Aug. 5, 1858.<br> +<br> +Paris was known as Lutetia until 1184, when the name of the great French<br> +capital was changed to that which it has borne ever since.<br> +<br> +The longest tunnel in the world is St. Gothard, on the line of the<br> +railroad between Lucerne and Milan, being 9-1/2 miles in length.<br> +<br> +Burnt brick were known to have been used in building the Tower of Babel.<br> +They were introduced into England by the Romans.<br> +<br> +The loftiest active volcano is Popocatapetl. It is 17,784 feet high, and<br> +has a crater three miles in circumference and 1,000 feet deep.<br> +<br> +The largest insurance company in the world is the Mutual Life of New<br> +York City, having cash and real estate assets of over $350,000,000.<br> +<br> +The Latin tongue became obsolete about 580.<br> +<br> +The value of a ton of pure gold is $602,799.21.<br> +<br> +First authentic use of organs, 755; in England, 951.<br> +<br> +Ether was first used for surgical purposes in 1844.<br> +<br> +Ignatius Loyola founded the order of Jesuits, 1541.<br> +<br> +The first newspaper advertisement appeared in 1652.<br> +<br> +Benjamin Franklin used the first lightning rods, 1752.<br> +<br> +Glass windows (colored) were used in the 8th century.<br> +<br> +The largest desert is Sahara, in Northern Africa. Its length is 3,000<br> +miles and breadth 900 miles, having an area of 2,000,000 square miles.<br> +<br> +The most remarkable echo known is that in the castle of Simonetta, two<br> +miles from Milan. It repeats the echo of a pistol shot sixty times.<br> +<br> +The first deaf and dumb asylum was founded in England, by Thomas<br> +Braidwood, 1760; and the first in the United States was at Hartford,<br> +1817.<br> +<br> +The largest diamond in the world is the Braganza, being a part of the<br> +Portugese jewels. It weighs 1,880 carats. It was found in Brazil in<br> +1741.<br> +<br> +The "Valley of Death," in the island of Java, is simply the crater of an<br> +extinct volcano, filled with carbonic acid gas. It is half a mile in<br> +circumference.<br> +<br> +The grade of titles in Great Britain stands in the following order from<br> +the highest: A Prince, Duke, Marquis, Earl, Viscount, Baron, Baronet,<br> +Knight.<br> +<br> +The city of Amsterdam, Holland, is built upon piles driven into the<br> +ground. It is intersected by numerous canals, crossed by nearly three<br> +hundred bridges.<br> +<br> +Coal was used as fuel in England as early as 852, and in 1234 the first<br> +charter to dig it was granted by Henry III. to the inhabitants of<br> +Newcastle-on-Tyne.<br> +<br> +The present national colors of the United States were not adopted by<br> +Congress until 1777. The flag was first used by Washington at Cambridge,<br> +January 1, 1776.<br> +<br> +Tobacco was discovered in San Domingo in 1496; afterwards by the<br> +Spaniards in Yucatan in 1520. It was Introduced into France in 1560, and<br> +into England in 1583.<br> +<br> +Kerosene was first used for illuminating in 1826.<br> +<br> +Cork is the bark taken from a species of the oak tree.<br> +<br> +National banks first established in the United States, 1816.<br> +<br> +Introduction of homoeopathy into the United States, 1825.<br> +<br> +Egyptian pottery is the oldest known; dates from 2,000 B. C.<br> +<br> +Authentic history of China commenced 3.000 years B. C.<br> +<br> +The largest free territorial government is the United States.<br> +<br> +The Chaldeans were the first people who worked in metals.<br> +<br> +Spectacles were invented by an Italian in the 13th century.<br> +<br> +Soap was first manufactured in England in the 16th century.<br> +<br> +Julius Caesar invaded Britain, 55 B. C.; assassinated, 44 B. C.<br> +<br> +Medicine was introduced into Rome from Greece, 200 B. C.<br> +<br> +First electric telegraph, Paddington to Brayton, England, 1835.<br> +<br> +First photographs produced in England, 1802; perfected, 1841.<br> +<br> +First life insurance, in London, 1772; in America, Philadelphia. 1812.<br> +<br> +Slavery in the United States was begun at Jamestown, Va. in 1619.<br> +<br> +The highest denomination of legal-tender notes in the United States is<br> +$10,000.<br> +<br> +Postage stamps first came into use in England in the year 1840; in the<br> +United States, in 1847.<br> +<br> +The highest range of mountains are the Himalayas, the mean elevation<br> +being from 16,000 to 18,000 feet.<br> +<br> +The term "Almighty Dollar" originated with Washington Irving, as a<br> +satire on the American love for gain.<br> +<br> +The largest inland sea is the Caspian, between Europe and Asia, being<br> +700 miles long and 270 miles wide.<br> +<br> +A span is ten and seven-eighths inches.<br> +<br> +First watches made in Nuremberg, 1476.<br> +<br> +Pianoforte invented in Italy about 1710.<br> +<br> +The value of a ton of silver is $37,704.84.<br> +<br> +French and Indian War in America, 1754.<br> +<br> +A hurricane moves eighty miles per hour.<br> +<br> +Coaches were first used in England in 1569.<br> +<br> +The first horse railroad was built in 1826-7.<br> +<br> +Electricity moves 288,000 miles per second.<br> +<br> +Modern needles first came into use in 1545.<br> +<br> +The average human life is thirty-three years.<br> +<br> +French Revolution, 1789; Reign of Terror, 1793.<br> +<br> +$1,000,000 gold coin weighs 3,685.8 lb. avoirdupois.<br> +<br> +Mormons arrived at Salt Lake Valley, Utah, July 24, 1847.<br> +<br> +The largest cavern in the world is the Mammoth Cave, Kentucky.<br> +<br> +Experiments in electric lighting, by Thomas A. Edison, 1878-80.<br> +<br> +Daguerre and Nieper invented the process of daguerreotype, 1839.<br> +<br> +First American library founded at Harvard College, Cambridge, 1638.<br> +<br> +First cotton raised in the United States was in Virginia, in 1621; first<br> +exported, 1747.<br> +<br> +First sugar-cane cultivated in the United States, near New Orleans,<br> +1751; first sugar-mill, 1758.<br> +<br> +First telegraph in operation in America was between Washington and<br> +Baltimore, May 27, 1844.<br> +<br> +The largest university is Oxford, in England. It consists of twenty-one<br> +colleges and five halls.<br> +<br> +The first illumination with gas was in Cornwall, Eng., 1792; in the<br> +United States, at Boston, 1822.<br> +<br> +Printing was known in China in the 6th century; introduced into England<br> +about 1474; America, 1516.<br> +<br> +The great wall of China, built 200 B. C. is 1,250 miles in length, 20<br> +feet high, and 25 feet thick at the base.<br> +<br> +Glass mirrors first made by Venetians in the 13th century. Polished<br> +metal was used before that time.<br> +<br> +Meerschaum means "froth of the sea." It is white and soft when dug from<br> +the earth, but soon hardens.<br> +<br> +In round numbers, the weight of $1,000,000 in standard gold coin is<br> +1-3/4 tons; standard silver coin, 26-3/4 tons; subsidiary silver coin,<br> +25 tons; minor coin, 5-cent nickel, 100 tons.<br> +<br> +The highest monument in the world is the Washington monument, being 555<br> +feet. The highest structure of any kind is the Eiffel Tower, Paris,<br> +finished in 1889, and 989 feet high.<br> +<br> +There has been no irregularity in the recurrence of leap year every four<br> +years since 1800, except in 1900, which was a common year, although it<br> +came fourth after the preceding leap year.<br> +<br> +It is claimed that crows, eagles, ravens and swans live to be 100 years<br> +old; herons, 59, parrots, 60; pelicans and geese, 50; skylarks, 30;<br> +sparrow hawks, 40; peacocks, canaries and cranes, 24.<br> +<br> +The greatest cataract in the world is Niagara, the height of the<br> +American falls being 165 feet. The highest fall of water in the world is<br> +that of the Yosemite in California, being 2,550 feet.<br> +<br> +The most ancient catacombs are those of the Theban kings, begun 4,000<br> +years ago. The catacombs of Rome contain the remains of about 6,000,000<br> +human beings; those of Paris, 3,000,000.<br> +<br> +The first English newspaper was the English Mercury, issued in the reign<br> +of Queen Elizabeth, and was issued in the shape of a pamphlet. The<br> +Gazette of Venice was the original model of the modern newspaper.<br> +<br> +The Great Eastern, at one time the greatest steamer afloat, and twice as<br> +long as any other vessel at the time of her launching, in 1858, was 692<br> +feet in length and 118 feet in breadth. She was too large to be handled<br> +profitably with the motive power then available, but proved<br> +indispensable in the laying of the Atlantic cable. She was broken up and<br> +sold as junk, although the Isherwood system, on which she was built, has<br> +since been revived, and is now successfully employed in shipbuilding.<br> +<br> +The seven sages flourished in Greece in the 6th century B. C. They were<br> +renowned for their maxims of life, and as the authors of the mottoes<br> +inscribed in the Delphian Temple. Their names are: Solon, Chilo,<br> +Pittacus, Bias, Periander, Cleobolus, and Thales.<br> +<br> +A "monkey wrench" is not so named because it is a handy thing to monkey<br> +with, or for any kindred reason. "Monkey" is not its name at all, but<br> +"Moncky." Charles Moncky, the inventor of it, sold his patent for<br> +$2,000, and invested the money in a house in Williamsburgh, Kings<br> +County, N. Y.<br> +<br> +The "Seven Wonders of the World" are seven most remarkable objects of<br> +the ancient world. They are: The Pyramids of Egypt, Pharos of<br> +Alexandria, Walls and Hanging Gardens of Babylon, Temple of Diana at<br> +Ephesus, the Statue of the Olympian Jupiter, Mausoleum of Artemisia, and<br> +Colossus of Rhodes.<br> +<br> +In 1775 there were only twenty-seven newspapers published in the United<br> +States. Ten years later, in 1785, there were seven published in the<br> +English language in Philadelphia alone, of which one was a daily. The<br> +oldest newspaper published in Philadelphia at the time of the Federal<br> +convention was the Pennsylvania Gazette, established by Samuel Keimer,<br> +in 1728. The second newspaper in point of age was the Pennsylvania<br> +Journal, established in 1742 by William Bradford, whose uncle, Andrew<br> +Bradford, established the first newspaper in Pennsylvania, the American<br> +Weekly Mercury, in 1719. Next in age, but the first in importance, was<br> +the Pennsylvania Packet, established by John Dunlap, in 1771. In 1784 it<br> +became a daily, being the first daily newspaper printed on this<br> +continent.<br> +<br> +"Liberty," Bartholdi's statue, presented to the United States by the<br> +French people in 1885, is the largest statue ever built. Its conception<br> +is due to the great French sculptor whose name it bears. It is said to<br> +be a likeness of his mother. Eight years of time were consumed in the<br> +construction of this gigantic brazen image. Its weight is 440,000<br> +pounds, of which 146,000 pounds are copper, the remainder iron and<br> +steel. The major part of the iron and steel was used in constructing the<br> +skeleton frame work for the inside. The mammoth electric light held in<br> +the hands of the giantess is 305 feet above tide-water. The height of<br> +the figure is 152-1/2 feet; the pedestal 91 feet, and the foundation 52<br> +feet and 10 inches. Forty persons can find standing-room within the<br> +mighty head, which is 14-1/2 feet in diameter. A six-foot man standing<br> +on the lower lip could hardly reach the eyes. The index finger is 8 feet<br> +in length and the nose 3-3/4 feet. The Colossus of Rhodes was a pigmy<br> +compared with this latter-day wonder.<br> +<br> +The largest and grandest temple of worship in the world is St. Peter's<br> +Cathedral at Rome. It stands on the site of Nero's circus, in the<br> +northwest part of the city, and is built in form of a Latin cross. The<br> +total length of the interior is 612-1/2 English feet; transept, 446-1/2<br> +feet; height of nave, 152-1/2 feet; diameter of cupola, 193 feet; height<br> +of dome from pavement to top of cross, 448 feet. The great bell alone,<br> +without the hammer or clapper, weighs 18,600 pounds, or over 9-1/4 tons.<br> +The foundation was laid in 1450 A. D. Forty-three Popes lived and died<br> +during the time the work was in progress. It was dedicated in the year<br> +1826, but not entirely finished until the year 1880. The cost, in round<br> +numbers, is set down at $70,000,000.<br> +<br> +The great pyramid of Cheops is the largest structure of any kind ever<br> +erected by the hand of man. Its original dimensions at the base were 764<br> +feet square, and its perpendicular height in the highest point 488 feet;<br> +it covers four acres, one rood and twenty-two perches of ground and has<br> +been estimated by an eminent English architect to have cost not less<br> +than 30,000,000 pounds, which in United States currency would be about<br> +$145,200,000. Internal evidence proves that the great pyramid was begun<br> +about the year 2170 B. c., about the time of the birth of Abraham. It is<br> +estimated that about 5,000,000 tons of hewn stone were used in its<br> +construction, and the evidence points to the fact that these stones were<br> +brought a distance of about 700 miles from quarries in Arabia.<br> +<br> +The largest body of fresh water in the world is Lake Superior. It is 400<br> +miles long and 180 miles wide; its circumference, including the winding<br> +of its various bays, has been estimated at 1,800 miles. Its area in<br> +square miles is 32,000, which is greater than the whole of New England,<br> +leaving out Maine. The greatest depth of this inland sea is 200 fathoms,<br> +or 1,200 feet. Its average depth is about 160 fathoms. It is 636 feet<br> +above the sea level.<br> +<br> +The corner stone of the Washington monument, the highest in the United<br> +States, and until 1889 the highest structure in the world, was laid July<br> +4, 1848. Robert E. Winthrop, then Speaker of the House, delivered the<br> +oration. Work progressed steadily for about six years, until the funds<br> +of the monumental society became exhausted. At that time the monument<br> +was about 175 feet high. From 1854 until 1879 nothing to speak of was<br> +done on the building. In the year last above named Congress voted an<br> +appropriation of $200,000 to complete the work. From that time forward<br> +work progressed at a rapid rate until December 6th, 1884, when the<br> +aluminum apex was set at 555 feet 5-1/2 inches from the foundation and<br> +the work declared finished. The foundation is 146-1/2 feet square;<br> +number of stones used above the 130-foot level, 19,163; total weight<br> +stone used in work, 81,120 tons.<br> +<br> +The largest State in our grand republic is Texas, which contains 274,350<br> +square miles, capable of sustaining 20,000,000 people, and then it would<br> +not be more crowded than Scotland is at present. It has been estimated<br> +that the entire population of the globe could be seated upon chairs<br> +within the boundary of Texas and each have four feet of elbow room.<br> +<br> +The Mississippi River, from the source of the Missouri to the Eads<br> +jetties, is the longest river in the world. It is 4,300 miles in length<br> +and drains an area of 1,726,000 square miles. The Amazon, which is<br> +without doubt the widest river in the world, including the Beni, is<br> +4,000 miles in length and drains 2,330,000 square miles of territory.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">THE SINGLE TAX.</span><br> +<br> +This idea was first formulated by Mr. Henry George in 1879, and has<br> +grown steadily in favor. Single-tax men assert as a fundamental<br> +principle that all men are equally entitled to the use of the earth;<br> +therefore, no one should be allowed to hold valuable land without paying<br> +to the community the value of the privilege. They hold that this is the<br> +only rightful source of public revenue, and they would therefore abolish<br> +all taxation--local, state and national--except a tax upon the rental<br> +value of land exclusive of its improvements, the revenue thus raised to<br> +be divided among local, state and general governments, as the revenue<br> +from certain direct taxes is now divided between local and state<br> +governments.<br> +<br> +The single tax would not fall on all land, but only on valuable land,<br> +and on that in proportion to its value. It would thus be a tax, not on<br> +use or improvements, but on ownership of land, taking what would<br> +otherwise go to the landlord as owner.<br> +<br> +In accordance with the principle that all men are equally entitled to<br> +the use of the earth, they would solve the transportation problem by<br> +public ownership and control of all highways, including the roadbeds of<br> +railroads, leaving their use equally free to all.<br> +<br> +The single-tax system would, they claim, dispense with a horde of<br> +tax-gatherers, simplify government, and greatly reduce its cost; give us<br> +with all the world that absolute free trade which now exists between the<br> +States of the Union: abolish all taxes on private issues of money; take<br> +the weight of taxation from agricultural districts, where land has<br> +little or no value apart from improvements, and put it upon valuable<br> +land, such as city lots and mineral deposits. It would call upon men to<br> +contribute for public expenses in proportion to the natural<br> +opportunities they monopolize, and make it unprofitable for speculators<br> +to hold land unused or only partly used, thus opening to labor unlimited<br> +fields of employment, solving the labor problem and abolishing<br> +involuntary poverty.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">THE MYSTERIES OF HYPNOTISM.</span><br> +<br> +A Compend of the General Claims Made by Professional Hypnotists.<br> +<br> +Animal magnetism is the nerve-force of all human and animal bodies, and<br> +is common to every person in a greater or less degree. It may be<br> +transmitted from one person to another. The transmitting force is the<br> +concentrated effort of will-power, which sends the magnetic current<br> +through the nerves of the operator to the different parts of the body of<br> +his subject. It may be transmitted by and through the eyes, as well as<br> +the finger tips, and the application of the whole open hands, to<br> +different regions of the body of the subject, as well as to the mind.<br> +The effect of this force upon the subject will depend very much upon the<br> +health, mental capacity and general character of the operator. Its<br> +action in general should be soothing and quieting upon the nervous<br> +system; stimulating to the circulation of the blood, the brain and other<br> +vital organs of the body of the subject. It is the use and application<br> +of this power or force that constitutes hypnotism.<br> +<br> +Magnetism is a quality that inheres in every human being, and it may be<br> +cultivated like any other physical or mental force of which men and<br> +women are constituted. From the intelligent operator using it to<br> +overcome disease, a patient experiences a soothing influence that causes<br> +a relaxation of the muscles, followed by a pleasant, drowsy feeling<br> +which soon terminates in refreshing sleep. On waking, the patient feels<br> +rested; all his troubles have vanished from consciousness and he is as<br> +if he had a new lease of life.<br> +<br> +In the true hypnotic condition, when a patient voluntarily submits to<br> +the operator, any attempt to make suggestions against the interests of<br> +the patient can invariably be frustrated by the patient.<br> +Self-preservation is the first law of nature, and some of the best known<br> +operators who have recorded their experiments assert that suggestions<br> +not in accord with the best interest of the patient could not be carried<br> +out. No one was ever induced to commit any crime under hypnosis, that<br> +could not have been induced to do the same thing much easier without<br> +hypnosis.<br> +<br> +The hypnotic state is a condition of mind that extends from a<br> +comparatively wakeful state, with slight drowsiness, to complete<br> +somnambulism, no two subjects, as a rule, ever presenting the same<br> +characteristics.<br> +<br> +The operator, to be successful, must have control of his own mind, be in<br> +perfect health and have the ability to keep his mind concentrated upon<br> +the object he desires to accomplish with his subject.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">HOW TO CARE FOR A PIANO.</span><br> +By William H. Damon<br> +<br> +The most important thing in the preservation of a piano is to avoid<br> +atmospheric changes and extremes and sudden changes of temperature.<br> +Where the summer condition of the atmosphere is damp all precautions<br> +possible should be taken to avoid an entirely dry condition in winter,<br> +such as that given by steam or furnace heat. In all cases should the air<br> +in the home contain moisture enough to permit a heavy frost on the<br> +windows in zero weather. The absence of frost under such conditions is<br> +positive proof of an entirely dry atmosphere, and this is a piano's most<br> +dangerous enemy, causing the sounding board to crack, shrinking up the<br> +bridges, and consequently putting the piano seriously out of tune, also<br> +causing an undue dryness in all the action parts and often a loosening<br> +of the glue joints, thus producing clicks and rattles. To obviate this<br> +difficulty is by no means an easy task and will require considerable<br> +attention. Permit all the fresh air possible during winter, being<br> +careful to keep the piano out of cold drafts, as this will cause a<br> +sudden contraction of the varnish and cause it to check or crack. Plants<br> +in the room are desirable and vessels of water of any kind will be of<br> +assistance. The most potent means of avoiding extreme dryness is to<br> +place a single-loaf bread-pan half full of water in the lower part of<br> +the piano, taking out the lower panel and placing it on either side of<br> +the pedals inside. This should be refilled about once a month during<br> +artificial heat, care being taken to remove the vessel as soon as the<br> +heat is discontinued in the spring. In cases where stove heat is used<br> +these precautions are not necessary.<br> +<br> +The action of a piano, like any other delicate piece of machinery,<br> +should be carefully examined, and, if necessary, adjusted each time it<br> +is tuned. The hammers need occasional and careful attention to preserve<br> +original tone quality and elasticity. Never allow the piano to be beaten<br> +or played hard upon. This is ruinous to both the action and tuning. When<br> +not in use the music rack and top should be closed to exclude dust. The<br> +keyboard need never be closed, as the ivory needs both light and<br> +ventilation and will eventually turn yellow unless left open.<br> +<br> +The case demands careful treatment to preserve its beauty and polish,<br> +Never use anything other than a soft piece of cotton cloth or cheese<br> +cloth to dust it with. Never wipe it with a dry chamois skin or silk<br> +cloth. Silk is not as soft as cotton and will scratch. A dry chamois<br> +skin picks up the dust and grit and gradually scours off the fine<br> +finish. In dusting never use a feather duster, nor rub the piano hard<br> +with anything. The dust should be whipped off, and not rubbed into the<br> +varnish. If the piano is dingy, smoky or dirty looking, it should be<br> +washed carefully with lukewarm water with a little ammonia in it to<br> +soften it. Never use soap. Use nothing but a small, soft sponge and a<br> +chamois skin. Wipe over a small part at a time with the sponge,<br> +following quickly with the wet chamois skin wrung out of the same water.<br> +This will dry it immediately and leave it as beautiful and clean as new.<br> +Never use patent polishes. If your piano needs polishing employ a<br> +competent polisher to give it a hand-rubbing friction polish.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +The highest mountain on the globe is not, as is generally supposed, Mt.<br> +Everest, that honor belonging to a lofty peak named Mt. Hercules on the<br> +Isle of Papua, New Guinea, discovered by Capt. Lawson in 1881, According<br> +to Lawson, this monster is 32,763 feet in height, being 3,781 feet<br> +higher than Mt. Everest, which is only 29,002 feet above the level of<br> +the Indian Ocean.<br> +<br> +[Transcriber's Note: The highest point in New Guinea is Puncak Jaya<br> +(Mount Carstensz or the Carstensz Pyramid), at 16,023 feet.]<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">SALT-RISING BREAD.</span><br> +<br> +The real formula for making salt-rising bread, as set down by the<br> +daughter of Governor Stubbs, of Kansas, and by him communicated to<br> +Theodore Roosevelt, is as follows, according to the "Saturday Evening<br> +Post":<br> +<br> +"On the night before you contemplate this masterpiece of baking take<br> +half a cupful of corn meal and a pinch each of salt and sugar. Scald<br> +this with new milk heated to the boiling point and mix to the thickness<br> +of mush. This can be made in a cup. Wrap in a clean cloth and put in a<br> +warm place overnight.<br> +<br> +"In the morning, when all is ready, take a one-gallon stone jar and into<br> +this put one scant cupful of new milk. Add a level teaspoonful of salt<br> +and one of sugar. Scald this with three cupfuls of water heated to the<br> +boiling point. Reduce to a temperature of one hundred and eight degrees<br> +with cold water, using a milk thermometer to enable you to get exactly<br> +the right temperature. Then add flour and mix to a good batter; after<br> +the batter is made, mix in your starter that was made the night before.<br> +Cover the stone jar with a plate and put the jar in a large kettle of<br> +water and keep this water at a temperature of one hundred and eight<br> +degrees until the sponge rises. It should rise at least an inch and a<br> +half. When it has raised mix to a stiff dough, make into loaves and put<br> +into pans. Do not let the heat get out of the dough while working.<br> +Grease the loaves well on top and set your bread where it will be warm<br> +and rise. After the loaves rise bake in a medium oven for one hour and<br> +ten minutes. When you take the loaves from the oven wrap them in a<br> +bread-cloth."<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">A CURE FOR LOVE.</span><br> +<br> +Take twelve ounces of dislike, one pound of resolution, two grains of<br> +common sense, two ounces of experience, a large sprig of time, and three<br> +quarts of cooling water of consideration. Set them over a gentle fire of<br> +love, sweeten it with sugar of forgetfulness, skim it with the spoon of<br> +melancholy, put it in the bottom of your heart, cork it with the cork of<br> +clean conscience. Let it remain and you will quickly find ease and be<br> +restored to your senses again.<br> +<br> +These things can be had of the apothecary at the house of Understanding<br> +next door to Reason, on Prudent street.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">DOING BUSINESS WITH A BANK</span><br> +<br> +In opening your account with a bank it is proper that you should first<br> +be introduced to the cashier, or some other official. If you are engaged<br> +in business, that officer will inquire as to your particular business or<br> +calling, your address, etc., and unless he is already satisfied on this<br> +point, he may make inquiries as to your business standing. This being<br> +satisfactory, he will hand you a passbook, and some deposit tickets,<br> +whereupon you make your first deposit, entering the amount on the<br> +ticket. You will then be asked to write your signature in a book<br> +provided for that purpose, or upon a card to be filed away for<br> +reference.<br> +<br> +<br> +The Signature.<br> +<br> +This signature should be just as you intend to use it in all your<br> +dealings with the bank. If, for instance, your name is John Henry Smith,<br> +you may write it J. H. Smith, J. Henry Smith. John H. Smith or John<br> +Henry Smith, but whatever form you adopt should be used all the time.<br> +Once having adopted the form, it should be maintained in exactly that<br> +way. The only excuse for variation from your usual signature is when<br> +presenting checks or other paper made payable to you. In that case,<br> +supposing you had adopted the form J. Henry Smith for your regular<br> +signature, and the check is made payable to John H. Smith, you should<br> +first write on the back of that check "John H. Smith," and immediately<br> +under this you should place your regular signature.<br> +<br> +<br> +Depositing Money.<br> +<br> +When making a deposit, always use the deposit ticket provided by the<br> +bank, filling it out yourself in ink. From this ticket, which is first<br> +checked up by the receiving teller, the amount of your deposit is placed<br> +to your credit. Do not ask the teller to fill our your deposit ticket.<br> +No doubt he would be glad to accommodate you, but to do so would violate<br> +a rule which protects both the bank and the depositor, Deposit tickets<br> +are preserved by the bank, and often serve to correct mistakes.<br> +<br> +<br> +How to Avoid Mistakes.<br> +<br> +Consider for a moment the vast aggregate of bank transactions, and you<br> +will see that perfect system on the part of the banks and bank officials<br> +is required to insure accuracy and avoid mistakes. Sometimes the<br> +requirements of the banks may seem arbitrary and troublesome, but<br> +reflection will show that they safeguard the depositor as well as the<br> +bank. The simple rules here laid down will enable anyone who has<br> +business with a bank to do so with the least trouble and with absolute<br> +safety.<br> +<br> +<br> +How to Make Out a Check.<br> +<br> +Checks are the most satisfactory and most convenient method of paying a<br> +debt or making any ordinary remittance. The stub of your check book will<br> +furnish a permanent memorandum, and when the check is canceled and<br> +returned to you by the bank, it is an indisputable evidence that the<br> +debt has been paid, or that the remittance has been made. The making of<br> +a check is a simple matter, but even the best business men make mistakes<br> +sometimes which are as difficult to remedy as they are easy to avoid.<br> +The hints here given and the facsimiles of checks printed in<br> +illustration will repay careful study.<br> +<br> +<img style="width: 846px; height: 362px;" alt="" src="images/054Pic.jpg"><br> +A Check Properly Drawn. The name and amount are against<br> +the left side of their fields.<br> +<br> +<br> +The first facsimile shows a check properly made. It will be seen, in the<br> +first place, that this check is written very plainly, and that there is<br> +no room for the insertion of extra figures or words. The writing of the<br> +amount commences as nearly as possible to the extreme left of the check.<br> +The figures are written close together and there is no space between the<br> +first figure and the dollar mark.<br> +<br> +All erasures in checks should be avoided. If you have made a mistake,<br> +tear a blank check from the back of your check book and use that in<br> +place of the one spoiled.<br> +<br> +Some business men allow their clerks to fill out checks on the<br> +typewriter. This is ill-advised for two reasons: First, it is much<br> +easier to alter a typewritten check than one filled in with a pen; in<br> +the second place, a teller, in passing on the genuineness of a check,<br> +takes into consideration the character of the handwriting in the body of<br> +the check as well as in the signature. The typewritten characters offer<br> +no clue to individuality.<br> +<br> +Never mail a check drawn to "Bearer." Remember that if your check is<br> +made payable to "Bearer" or to "John Smith or Bearer" it may be cashed<br> +by anybody who happens to have it. Unless it is for a large amount the<br> +paying teller of your bank will look only to see whether your signature<br> +is correct, and, that being right, the bank cannot be held responsible<br> +if the check should have come into the wrong hands.<br> +<br> +A check drawn to order can be cashed only when the person to whose order<br> +it has been drawn has indorsed it by writing his or her name on the back<br> +and the bank will be responsible for the correctness of the indorsement.<br> +<br> +If you make your check payable say, to William Armstrong or order,<br> +nobody but William Armstrong, or some one to whom he indorses the check,<br> +can collect the amount, and if through fraud or otherwise some one not<br> +entitled to it gets the money which the check calls for, the<br> +responsibility is not yours, but the bank's. It is for that reason that<br> +bankers and business men use such great care in accepting checks.<br> +<br> +<img style="width: 846px; height: 346px;" alt="" src="images/056Pic.jpg"><br> +A +Check Carelessly Drawn. The text and numbers for the<br> +amount is in the center of their fields, leaving of space for extra<br> +text.<br> +<br> +<img style="width: 847px; height: 337px;" alt="" src="images/057Pic.jpg"><br> +The Same Check "Raised". The amount has been changed from<br> +One Hundred/100.00 to Eighty-One Hundred/$8100.00.<br> +<br> +<br> +For the same reason you should never accept a check from anybody whom<br> +you do not know as responsible, and you should not be surprised or<br> +angered if some one else should hesitate to take a check from you.<br> +<br> +Checks or drafts received by you should be deposited as soon as<br> +possible. Should you receive a check for a considerable amount and have<br> +no convenient bank account, you should go to the bank on which the check<br> +is drawn and have the cashier certify it by stamping "Accepted" or<br> +"Certified" across the face over his signature. That formality makes the<br> +paper as good as money so long as the bank accepting it is solvent.<br> +<br> +It sometimes happens that a check drawn in good faith by a responsible<br> +party is withheld so long by the person receiving it that there is no<br> +money to the account when the check is finally presented.<br> +<br> +<br> +Paying Notes and Acceptances.<br> +<br> +Make your notes and accepted drafts payable at the bank where you do<br> +business. Whether it or other banks hold them for collection, they will<br> +be presented to your bank when due.<br> +<br> +Pay your notes, etc., on the day they fall due, and early in the day if<br> +convenient, or leave a check for the amount with your bank on the day<br> +before your paper matures. Banks will not pay notes or drafts without<br> +instructions.<br> +<br> +Keep a careful record of the days of maturity of all your paper. Banks<br> +usually notify all payers a few days beforehand when their paper<br> +matures, but this is only courtesy on their part and not an obligation.<br> +<br> +<br> +Exchange.<br> +<br> +"Exchange" means funds in other cities made available by bankers' drafts<br> +on such places. These drafts afford the safest and cheapest means for<br> +remitting money. Drafts on New York are worth their face value<br> +practically all over the United States in settlement of accounts.<br> +<br> +<br> +Collections.<br> +<br> +A draft is sometimes the most convenient form for collecting an account.<br> +The prevalence of the custom is due to the fact that most men will wait<br> +to be asked to pay a debt. If a draft is a time draft it is accepted by<br> +the person on whom it is drawn by writing his name and date across the<br> +face. This makes it practically a note, to be paid at maturity.<br> +<br> +Notes or drafts that you desire to have collected for you by your bank<br> +should be left at the bank several days before they are due, so as to<br> +give ample time to notify the payers.<br> +<br> +<br> +Borrowing.<br> +<br> +Banks are always willing to loan their funds to responsible persons<br> +within reasonable limits. That is what they exist for. There is, of<br> +course, a limit to the amount a bank may loan, even on the best known<br> +security, but the customer of the bank is entitled to and will receive<br> +the first consideration.<br> +<br> +The customer should not hesitate, when occasion requires, to offer to<br> +the bank for discount such paper as may come into his hands in the<br> +course of business, if, in his opinion, the paper is good. At the same<br> +time he should not be offended if his bank refuses to take it even<br> +without giving reasons.<br> +<br> +<br> +Indorsing Checks, Etc.<br> +<br> +When depositing checks, drafts, etc., see that they are dated properly<br> +and that the written amounts and figures correspond. The proper way to<br> +indorse a check or draft--this also applies to notes and other<br> +negotiable paper--is to write your name upon the back about one inch<br> +from the top. The proper end may be determined in this way: As you read<br> +the check, holding one end in each hand, draw the right hand toward you,<br> +and turn the check over. The end which is then farthest from you is the<br> +top. If, however, the check, draft or note has already been indorsed by<br> +another person, you should write your name directly under the other<br> +indorsement, even if that is on the wrong end. If your own name on the<br> +face of the check, draft or note is misspelled, or has the wrong<br> +initials, but if the paper is clearly intended for you, you should first<br> +write your name as it appears on the face, and under it your regular<br> +signature. You should indorse every check you deposit, even though it be<br> +payable to bearer.<br> +<br> +<br> +Mistakes in Banking.<br> +<br> +Mr. Samuel Woods, a member of the American Institute of Bank Clerks,<br> +recently contributed to Munsey's Magazine an interesting article on the<br> +subject of "Mistakes in Banking." From this we are permitted by the<br> +courtesy of the publishers of Munsey's to reproduce two of the<br> +facsimiles shown.<br> +<br> +One wrong word, or figure, or letter--the right thing in the wrong way<br> +or the wrong place--the scratch of an eraser or the alteration of a<br> +word--or any one of these things, in the making or cashing of a check,<br> +is liable to become as expensive as a racing automobile.<br> +<br> +The paying teller of a bank, says Mr. Woods, must keep his eyes open for<br> +new dangers as well as old ones. The cleverest crooks in the country are<br> +pitting their brains against his. After he has learned the proper guard<br> +for all the well-known tricks and forgeries it is still possible that an<br> +entirely new combination may leave him minus cash and plus experience.<br> +<br> +But it is not the unique and novel swindle that is most dangerous,<br> +either to a bank or an individual. It is the simple, ordinary mistake or<br> +the time-worn trick that makes continuous trouble. Apparently, every new<br> +generation contains a number of dishonest people who lay the same traps,<br> +and a number of careless people who fall into these traps in the same<br> +old way.<br> +<br> +<br> +Check-Raising Made Easy.<br> +<br> +One of the first lessons, for instance, that a depositor should learn<br> +before he is qualified to own a check-book is to commence writing the<br> +amount as near as possible to the extreme left of the check. Those who<br> +forget this are often reminded of it in a costly way. Some one "raises"<br> +their checks by writing another figure in front of the proper amount.<br> +"Five hundred" might be "raised" to "twenty-five hundred" in this way,<br> +even by an unskilled forger.<br> +<br> +The highest court has recently decided that a bank cannot be held<br> +responsible, when it pays a "raised" check, if the maker of the check<br> +failed in the first place to write it out correctly. The treasurer of<br> +the Bath Electric Company, of Bath, Maine, had written a check for one<br> +hundred dollars, which was raised to eighty-one hundred dollars and<br> +cashed. The court held that the company, and not the bank, should lose<br> +the eight thousand dollars, because of the "gross carelessness" in<br> +drawing up the check. Facsimiles showing the check as originally written<br> +and as it looked when paid are here reproduced.<br> +<br> +<br> +Altered Words and Figures.<br> +<br> +The altered check is the bane of the paying teller's profession, and it<br> +is the general practice in conservative banks to accept no checks or<br> +other paper which shows signs of erasure or alteration in either words<br> +or figures.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">THE NAMES OF THE STATES.</span><br> +<br> +Alabama--Indian; meaning "Here we rest."<br> +<br> +Arkansas"--Kansas," the Indian name for "smoky water," with the French<br> +prefix "arc," bow or bend in the principal river.<br> +<br> +California--Caliente Fornala, Spanish for "hot furnace," in allusion to<br> +the climate.<br> +<br> +Colorado--Spanish; meaning "colored," from the red color of the Colorado<br> +river.<br> +<br> +Connecticut--Indian; meaning "long river."<br> +<br> +Delaware--Named in honor of Lord De La Ware.<br> +<br> +Florida--Named by Ponce de Leon, who discovered it in 1512, on Easter<br> +Day, the Spanish Pascua de Flores, or "Feast of Flowers."<br> +<br> +Georgia--In honor of George II. of England.<br> +<br> +Illinois--From the Indian "illini," men, and the French suffix "ois,"<br> +together signifying "tribe of men."<br> +<br> +Indiana--Indian land. Iowa--Indian; meaning "beautiful land.'"<br> +<br> +Kansas--Indian; meaning "smoky water."<br> +<br> +Kentucky--Indian for "at the head of the river," or "the dark and bloody<br> +ground."<br> +<br> +Louisiana--In honor of Louis XIV. of France.<br> +<br> +Maine--From the province of Maine, in France.<br> +<br> +Maryland--In honor of Henrietta Maria, queen of Charles I. of England.<br> +<br> +Massachusetts--The place of the great hills (the blue hills southwest of<br> +Boston).<br> +<br> +Michigan--The Indian name for a fish weir. The lake was so called from<br> +the fancied resemblance of the lake to a fish trap.<br> +<br> +Minnesota--Indian; meaning "sky-tinted water."<br> +<br> +Mississippi--Indian; meaning "great father of waters." Missouri--Indian;<br> +meaning "muddy."<br> +<br> +Nebraska--Indian; meaning "water valley."<br> +<br> +Nevada--Spanish; meaning "snow-covered," alluding to the mountains.<br> +<br> +New Hampshire--From Hampshire county, England.<br> +<br> +New Jersey--In honor of Sir George Carteret, one of the original<br> +grantees, who had previously been governor of Jersey Island.<br> +<br> +New York--In honor of the Duke of York.<br> +<br> +North and South Carolina--Originally called Carolina, in honor of<br> +Charles IX. of France.<br> +<br> +Ohio--Indian; meaning "beautiful river."<br> +<br> +Oregon--From the Spanish "oregano," wild marjoram, which grows<br> +abundantly on the coast.<br> +<br> +Pennsylvania--Latin; meaning Penn's woody land.<br> +<br> +Rhode Island--From a fancied resemblance to the island of Rhodes in the<br> +Mediterranean.<br> +<br> +Tennessee--Indian; meaning "river with the great bend."<br> +<br> +Texas--Origin of this name is unknown.<br> +<br> +Vermont--French; meaning "green mountain."<br> +<br> +Virginia--In honor of Elizabeth, the "Virgin Queen."<br> +<br> +Wisconsin--Indian; meaning "gathering of the waters," or "wild rushing<br> +channel."<br> +<br> +<br> +<br style="font-weight: bold;"> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">MOTTOES OF THE STATES.</span><br> +<br> +Arkansas--Regnant populi: The peoples rule.<br> +<br> +California--Eureka: I have found it. Colorado--Nil sine numine: Nothing<br> +without the Divinity.<br> +<br> +Connecticut--Qui transtulit sustinet: He who has transferred, sustains.<br> +<br> +Delaware--Liberty and Independence.<br> +<br> +Florida--In God is Our trust.<br> +<br> +Georgia--Wisdom, Justice, Moderation.<br> +<br> +Illinois--State Sovereignty and National Union.<br> +<br> +Iowa--Our liberties we prize, and our rights we will maintain.<br> +<br> +Kansas--Ad astra per aspera: to the stars through rugged ways.<br> +<br> +Kentucky--United we stand, divided we fall.<br> +<br> +Louisiana--Union and Confidence.<br> +<br> +Maine--Dirigo: I direct.<br> +<br> +Maryland--Crescite et multiplicamini: Increase and multiply.<br> +<br> +Massachusetts--Ense petit placidam sub libertate quietam: By her sword<br> +she seeks under liberty a calm repose.<br> +<br> +Michigan--Si quaeris peninsulam amoeanam circumspice: If thou +seekest a<br> +beautiful peninsula, look around.<br> +<br> +Minnesota--L'Etoile du Nord: The Star of the North.<br> +<br> +Missouri--Salus populi suprema lex esto: Let the welfare of the people<br> +be the supreme law.<br> +<br> +Nebraska--Popular Sovereignty.<br> +<br> +Nevada--Volens et potens: Willing and able.<br> +<br> +New Jersey--Liberty and Independence.<br> +<br> +New York--Excelsior: Higher.<br> +<br> +Ohio--Imperium in imperio: An empire within an empire.<br> +<br> +Oregon--Alis volat propriis: She flies with her own wings.<br> +<br> +Pennsylvania--Virtue, Liberty, Independence.<br> +<br> +Rhode Island--Hope.<br> +<br> +South Carolina--Animis opibusque parati: Ready with our lives and<br> +property.<br> +<br> +Tennessee--Agriculture, Commerce. Vermont--Freedom and Unity.<br> +<br> +Virginia--Sic semper tyrannis: So be it ever to tyrants.<br> +<br> +West Virginia--Montani semper liberi: The mountaineers are always free.<br> +<br> +Wisconsin--Forward.<br> +<br> +United States<br> + E pluribus unum: From many, one.<br> +<br> + Annuit captis: God has favored the undertaking;<br> +<br> + Vovus ordo seclorum: A new order of ages.<br> +<br> + The first named on one side of the great seal, the other two on +the<br> + reverse.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">GEOGRAPHICAL NICKNAMES.</span><br> +<br> +States and Territories.<br> +<br> +Alabama, Cotton State;<br> +<br> +Arkansas, Toothpick and Bear State;<br> +<br> +California, Eureka and Golden State;<br> +<br> +Colorado, Centennial State;<br> +<br> +Connecticut, Land of Steady Habits: Freestone State and Nutmeg State;<br> +<br> +Dakota, Sioux State;<br> +<br> +Delaware, Uncle Sam's Pocket Handkerchief and Blue Hen State;<br> +<br> +Florida, Everglade and Flowery State;<br> +<br> +Georgia, Empire State of the South;<br> +<br> +Idaho, Gem of the Mountains;<br> +<br> +Illinois, Prairie and Sucker State;<br> +<br> +Indiana, Hoosier State;<br> +<br> +Iowa, Hawkeye State;<br> +<br> +Kansas, Jayhawker State;<br> +<br> +Kentucky, Corn-cracker State;<br> +<br> +Louisiana, Creole State;<br> +<br> +Maine, Timber and Pine Tree State;<br> +<br> +Maryland, Monumental State;<br> +<br> +Massachusetts, Old Bay State;<br> +<br> +Michigan, Wolverine and Peninsular State;<br> +<br> +Minnesota, Gopher and North Star State;<br> +<br> +Mississippi, Eagle State;<br> +<br> +Missouri, Puke State;<br> +<br> +Nebraska, Antelope State;<br> +<br> +Nevada, Sage State;<br> +<br> +New Hampshire, Old Granite State;<br> +<br> +New Jersey, Blue State and New Spain;<br> +<br> +New Mexico, Vermin State;<br> +<br> +New York, Empire State;<br> +<br> +North Carolina, Rip Van Winkle, Old North and Turpentine State;<br> +<br> +Ohio, Buckeye State;<br> +<br> +Oregon, Pacific State;<br> +<br> +Pennsylvania, Keystone, Iron and Oil State;<br> +<br> +Rhode Island, Plantation State and Little Rhody;<br> +<br> +South Carolina, Palmetto State;<br> +<br> +Tennessee, Lion's Den State;<br> +<br> +Texas, Lone Star State;<br> +<br> +Utah, Mormon State;<br> +<br> +Vermont, Green Mountain State;<br> +<br> +Virginia, Old Dominion;<br> +<br> +Wisconsin, Badger and Copper State.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">Natives of States and Territories.</span><br> +<br> +Alabama, lizards;<br> +<br> +Arkansas, toothpicks;<br> +<br> +California, gold-hunters;<br> +<br> +Colorado, rovers;<br> +<br> +Connecticut, wooden nutmegs;<br> +<br> +Dakota, squatters;<br> +<br> +Delaware, muskrats;<br> +<br> +Florida, fly-up-the-creeks;<br> +<br> +Georgia, buzzards;<br> +<br> +Idaho, fortune seekers;<br> +<br> +Illinois, suckers;<br> +<br> +Indiana, hoosiers;<br> +<br> +Iowa, hawkeyes;<br> +<br> +Kansas, jayhawkers;<br> +<br> +Kentucky, corn-crackers;<br> +<br> +Louisiana, creoles;<br> +<br> +Maine, foxes;<br> +<br> +Maryland, clam-humpers;<br> +<br> +Massachusetts, Yankees;<br> +<br> +Michigan, wolverines;<br> +<br> +Minnesota, gophers;<br> +<br> +Mississippi, tadpoles;<br> +<br> +Missouri, pukes;<br> +<br> +Nebraska, bugeaters;<br> +<br> +Nevada, sagehens;<br> +<br> +New Hampshire, granite boys;<br> +<br> +New Jersey, blues or clam-catchers;<br> +<br> +New Mexico, Spanish Indians;<br> +<br> +New York, Knickerbockers;<br> +<br> +North Carolina, tarheels;<br> +<br> +Ohio, buckeyes;<br> +<br> +Oregon, hard cases;<br> +<br> +Pennsylvania, pennamites, or leather-heads;<br> +<br> +Rhode Island, gun flints;<br> +<br> +South Carolina, weazles;<br> +<br> +Tennessee, whelps;<br> +<br> +Texas, beef-heads;<br> +<br> +Utah, polygamists;<br> +<br> +Vermont, Green Mountain boys;<br> +<br> +Virginia, beagles;<br> +<br> +Wisconsin, badgers.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">Nicknames of Cities.</span><br> +<br> +Atlanta, Gate City of the South;<br> +<br> +Baltimore, Monumental City;<br> +<br> +Bangor, Lumber City;<br> +<br> +Boston, Modern Athens, Literary Emporium, City of Notions and Hub of the<br> +Universe;<br> +<br> +Brooklyn, City of Churches;<br> +<br> +Buffalo, Queen of the Lakes;<br> +<br> +Burlington (Iowa), Orchard City;<br> +<br> +Charleston, Palmetto City;<br> +<br> +Chicago, Prairie, or Garden City;<br> +<br> +Cincinnati, Queen of the West and Porkopolis;<br> +<br> +Cleveland, Forest City;<br> +<br> +Denver, City of the Plains;<br> +<br> +Detroit, City of the Straits;<br> +<br> +Hartford, Insurance City;<br> +<br> +Indianapolis, Railroad City;<br> +<br> +Keokuk, Gate City;<br> +<br> +Lafayette, Star City;<br> +<br> +Leavenworth, Cottonwood City;<br> +<br> +Louisville, Falls City;<br> +<br> +Lowell, Spindle City;<br> +<br> +McGregor, Pocket City;<br> +<br> +Madison, Lake City;<br> +<br> +Milwaukee, Cream City;<br> +<br> +Nashville, Rock City;<br> +<br> +New Haven, Elm City;<br> +<br> +New Orleans, Crescent City;<br> +<br> +New York, Empire City, Commercial Emporium, Gotham, and Metropolis of<br> +America;<br> +<br> +Philadelphia, City of Brotherly Love, City of Penn, Quaker City, and<br> +Centennial City;<br> +<br> +Pittsburgh, Iron City and Smoky City;<br> +<br> +Portland (Me.), Hill City;<br> +<br> +Providence, Roger Williams' City, and Perry Davis' Pain Killer;<br> +<br> +Raleigh, Oak City;<br> +<br> +Richmond, (Va.), Cockade City;<br> +<br> +Richmond (Ind.), Quaker City of the West;<br> +<br> +Rochester, Aqueduct City;<br> +<br> +Salt Lake City, Mormon City;<br> +<br> +San Francisco, Golden Gate;<br> +<br> +Savannah, Forest City of the South;<br> +<br> +Sheboygan, Evergreen City;<br> +<br> +St. Louis, Mound City;<br> +<br> +St. Paul, North Star City;<br> +<br> +Vicksburg, Key City;<br> +<br> +Washington, City of Magnificent Distances, and Federal City.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">THEOSOPHY.</span><br> +<br> +Much is said nowadays about theosophy, which is really but another name<br> +for mysticism. It is not a philosophy, for it will have nothing to do<br> +with philosophical methods; it might be called a religion, though it has<br> +never had a following large enough to make a very strong impression on<br> +the world's religious history. The name is from the Greek word<br> +theosophia--divine wisdom--and the object of theosophical study is<br> +professedly to understand the nature of divine things. It differs,<br> +however, from both philosophy and theology even when these have the same<br> +object of investigation. For, in seeking to learn the divine nature and<br> +attributes, philosophy employs the methods and principles of natural<br> +reasoning; theology uses these, adding to them certain principles<br> +derived from revelation. Theosophy, on the other hand, professes to<br> +exclude all reasoning processes as imperfect, and to derive its<br> +knowledge from direct communication with God himself. It does not,<br> +therefore, accept the truths of recorded revelation as immutable, but as<br> +subject to modification by later and personal revelations. The<br> +theosophical idea has had followers from the earliest times. Since the<br> +Christian era we may class among theosophists such sects as<br> +Neo-Platonists, the Hesychasts of the Greek Church, the Mystics of<br> +mediaeval times, and, in later times, the disciples of Paracelsus,<br> +Thalhauser, Bohme, Swedenborg and others. Recently a small sect has<br> +arisen, which has taken the name of Theosophists. Its leader was an<br> +English gentleman who had become fascinated with the doctrine of<br> +Buddhism. Taking a few of his followers to India, they have been<br> +prosecuting their studies there, certain individuals attracting<br> +considerable attention by a claim to miraculous powers. It need hardly<br> +be said that the revelations they have claimed to receive have been,<br> +thus far, without element of benefit to the human race.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">THE EVOLUTION THEORY.</span><br> +<br> +The evolution or development theory declares the universe as it now<br> +exists to be the result of a long series of changes which were so far<br> +related to each other as to form a series of growths analogous to the<br> +evolving of the parts of a growing organism. Herbert Spencer defines<br> +evolution as a progress from the homogeneous to the heterogeneous, from<br> +general to special, from the simple to the complex elements of life, and<br> +it is believed that this process can be traced in the formation of<br> +worlds in space, in the multiplication of types and species among<br> +animals and plants, in the origin and changes of languages and<br> +literature and the arts, and also in all the changes of human<br> +institutions and society. Asserting the general fact of progress in<br> +nature, the evolution theory shows that the method of this progress has<br> +been (1) by the multiplication of organs and functions; (2) according to<br> +a defined unity of plan, although with (3) intervention of transitional<br> +forms, and (4) with modifications dependent upon surrounding conditions.<br> +Ancient writers occasionally seemed to have a glimmering knowledge of<br> +the fact of progress in nature, but as a theory "evolution" belongs to<br> +the enlightenment of the nineteenth century. Leibnitz, in the latter<br> +part of the seventeenth century first uttered the opinion that the earth<br> +was once in a fluid condition and Kant about the middle of the<br> +eighteenth century, definitely propounded the nebular hypothesis, which<br> +was enlarged as a theory by the Herschels. The first writer to suggest<br> +the transmutation of species among animals was Buffon, about 1750, and<br> +other writers followed out the idea. The eccentric Lord Monboddo was the<br> +first to suggest the possible descent of man from the ape, about 1774.<br> +In 1813 Dr. W. C. Wells first proposed to apply the principle of natural<br> +selection to the natural history of man, and in 1822 Professor Herbert<br> +first asserted the probable transmutation of species of plants. In 1844<br> +a book appeared called "Vestiges of Creation," which, though evidently<br> +not written by a scientific student, yet attracted great attention by<br> +its bold and ingenious theories. The authorship of this book was never<br> +revealed until after the death of Robert Chambers, a few years since, it<br> +became known that this publisher, whom no one would ever have suspected<br> +of holding such heterodox theories, had actually written it. But the two<br> +great apostles of the evolution theory were Charles Darwin and Herbert<br> +Spencer. The latter began his great work, the "First Principles of<br> +Philosophy," showing the application of evolution in the facts of life,<br> +in 1852. In 1859 appeared Darwin's "Origin of Species." The hypothesis<br> +of the latter was that different species originated in spontaneous<br> +variation, and the survival of the fittest through natural selection and<br> +the struggle for existence. This theory was further elaborated and<br> +applied by Spencer, Darwin, Huxley, and other writers in Europe and<br> +America, and though to-day by no means all the ideas upheld by these<br> +early advocates of the theory are still accepted, evolution as a<br> +principle is now acknowledged by nearly all scientists. It is taken to<br> +be an established fact in nature, a valid induction from man's knowledge<br> +of natural order.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">THE ENGLISH SPARROW.</span><br> +<br> +The first English sparrow was brought to the United States in 1850, but<br> +it was not until 1870 that the species can be said to have firmly<br> +established itself. Since then it has taken possession of the country.<br> +Its fecundity is amazing. In the latitude of New York and southward it<br> +hatches, as a rule, five or six broods in a season, with from four to<br> +six young in a brood. Assuming the average annual product of a pair to<br> +be twenty-four young, of which half are females and half males, and<br> +assuming further, for the sake of computation, that all live, together<br> +with their offspring, it will be seen that in ten years the progeny of a<br> +single pair would be 275,716,983,698.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">FEMININE HEIGHT AND WEIGHT.</span><br> +<br> +It is often asked how stout a woman ought to be in proportion to her<br> +height. A very young girl may becomingly be thinner than a matron, but<br> +the following table gives a fair indication of proper proportions:<br> +<br> +</big> +<table style="width: 575px; height: 228px;" border="1" cellpadding="2" + cellspacing="2"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <td>Height </td> + <td>Pounds<br> +about<br> + </td> + <td>Height </td> + <td> Pounds<br> +about<br> + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Five feet </td> + <td> 100 </td> + <td> Five feet 7 inches. </td> + <td> 150</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Five feet 1 inch </td> + <td> 106 </td> + <td> Five +feet 8 inches. </td> + <td>155</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Five feet 2 inches </td> + <td> 113 </td> + <td> Five feet 10 +inches.</td> + <td> 163</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Five feet 3 inches </td> + <td> 119 </td> + <td> Five feet 10 +inches. </td> + <td>169</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Five feet 4 inches </td> + <td> 130 </td> + <td> Five feet 11 +inches.</td> + <td> 176</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Five feet 5 inches </td> + <td> 138 </td> + <td> Six +feet </td> + <td>180</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Five feet 6 inches </td> + <td> 144 </td> + <td> Six feet 1 +inch </td> + <td> 186</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +<big><br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">WHEN A MAN BECOMES OF AGE.</span><br> +<br> +The question sometimes arises whether it man is entitled to vote at an<br> +election held on the day preceding the twenty-first anniversary of his<br> +birth. Blackstone, in his Commentaries, book 1, page 463, says: "Full<br> +age in male or female is 21 years, which age is completed on the day<br> +preceding the anniversary of a person's birth, who, till that time, is<br> +an infant, and so styled in law." The late Chief Justice Sharswood, in<br> +his edition of Blackstone's Commentaries, quotes Christian's note on the<br> +above as follows: "If he is born on the 16th day of February, 1608, he<br> +is of age to do any legal act on the morning of the 15th of February,<br> +1629, though he may not have lived twenty-one years by nearly<br> +forty-eight hours. The reason assigned is that in law there is no<br> +fraction of a day; and if the birth were on the last second of one day<br> +and the act on the first second of the preceding day twenty-one years<br> +after, then twenty-one years would be complete, and in the law it is the<br> +same whether a thing is done upon one moment of the day or another."<br> +<br> +<br> +<br style="font-weight: bold;"> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">DREAMS AND THEIR MEANING</span><br> +<br> +The Bible speaks of dreams as being sometimes prophetic, or suggestive<br> +of future events.<br> +<br> +This belief has prevailed in all ages and countries, and there are<br> +numerous modern examples, apparently authenticated, which would appear<br> +to favor this hypothesis.<br> +<br> +The interpretation of dreams was a part of the business of the<br> +soothsayers at the royal courts of Egypt, Babylon and other ancient<br> +nations.<br> +<br> +Dreams and visions have attracted the attention of mankind of every age<br> +and nation. It has been claimed by all nations, both enlightened and<br> +heathen, that dreams are spiritual revelations to men; so much so, that<br> +their modes of worship have been founded upon the interpretation of<br> +dreams and visions. Why should we discard the interpretation of dreams<br> +while our mode of worship, faith and knowledge of Deity are founded upon<br> +the interpretation of the dreams and visions of the prophets and seers<br> +of old.<br> +<br> +Dreams vividly impressed upon the mind are sure to be followed by some<br> +event.<br> +<br> +We read in the Holy Scripture the revelation of the Deity to His chosen<br> +people, through the prophet Joel: "And it shall come to pass, afterward,<br> +that I will pour out My Spirit on all flesh, and your sons and your<br> +daughters shall prophesy, your old men shall dream dreams, your young<br> +men shall see visions, and also upon the servants and the handmaids in<br> +those days will I pour out My Spirit." (Joel ii, 28.)<br> +<br> +Both sacred and profane history contain so many examples of the<br> +fulfilment of dreams that he who has no faith in them must be very<br> +skeptical indeed.<br> +<br> +Hippocrates says that when the body is asleep the soul is awake, and<br> +transports itself everywhere the body would be able to go; knows and<br> +sees all that the body could see or know were it awake; that it touches<br> +all that the body could touch. In a word, it performs all the actions<br> +that the body of a sleeping man could do were he awake.<br> +<br> +A dream, to have a significance, must occur to the sleeper while in<br> +healthy and tranquil sleep. Those dreams of which we have not a vivid<br> +conception, or clear remembrance, have no significance.<br> +<br> +Those of which we have a clear remembrance must have formed in the mind<br> +in the latter part of the night, for up to that time the faculties of<br> +the body have been employed in digesting the events of the day.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">DICTIONARY OF DREAMS.</span><br> +<br> +(Note.--If you do not find the word you want, look for a word of<br> +identical or closely similar meaning.)<br> +<br> +A<br> +<br> +Abundance--Deceitful security.<br> +<br> +Accident--Unexpected meeting.<br> +<br> +Acorn--Irreparable fault.<br> +<br> +Account--(Of possessions) bankruptcy.<br> +<br> +Adultery--(That you commit) scandal, misfortune and disgrace.<br> +<br> +Air--(Clear and serene) reconciliation; (dark and gloomy) sadness and<br> +sickness.<br> +<br> +Almonds--Peace, happiness; (tree) success in business.<br> +<br> +Altar--Prosperity, speedy marriage.<br> +<br> +Alms--(Giving) mediocrity; (receiving) privations.<br> +<br> +Anchor--Safe enterprise.<br> +<br> +Angry--(That you are) many powerful enemies.<br> +<br> +Ape--Enemies, deceit.<br> +<br> +Apples--Gain, profit; (to be eating) disappointment.<br> +<br> +Apricots--Health, contentment.<br> +<br> +Apple Tree--Good news; (if dead) ill news.<br> +<br> +Artichokes--Embarrassment, pain.<br> +<br> +Argument--Justice done.<br> +<br> +Arm--(Right arm cut off) death of a female relative; (both arms cut off)<br> +captivity and sickness; (broken or withered) sorrows, losses and<br> +widowhood; (swollen) sudden fortune coming to a dear friend.<br> +<br> +Ashes--Misfortune.<br> +<br> +Asparagus--Success, profit.<br> +<br> +Ass--Quarrel between friends; (one sleeping) security; (one braying)<br> +dishonor; (ears of one) scandal; (one laden) profit.<br> +<br> +Aunt--Wealth and friends.<br> +<br> +Angel--Good news.<br> +<br> +Ants--Time spent to no purpose.<br> +<br> +Authority--(To have) easy times.<br> +<br> +<br> +B<br> +<br> +Babe--Happy marriage.<br> +<br> +Baker--Gain.<br> +<br> +Balloon--Literary note.<br> +<br> +Barley--Good fortune.<br> +<br> +Basket--Increase.<br> +<br> +Babboon--Affronts.<br> +<br> +Ball--(For dancing) jealousy, rage, then harmony.<br> +<br> +Bank--Never to be rich, except by saving.<br> +<br> +Barber--A long story, discontent.<br> +<br> +Barn--(Full) wealthy marriage.<br> +<br> +Bath--Marriage; (too cold) grief; (too hot) separation; (in running<br> +water) disappointment; (in stagnant water) misfortune.<br> +<br> +Beggar--Help when not expected.<br> +<br> +Bells--Alarm, misfortune.<br> +<br> +Bear--Danger, misfortune.<br> +<br> +Beans--Quarrels.<br> +<br> +Bed--Botheration, unrest.<br> +<br> +Beer--Fatigue to no purpose.<br> +<br> +Bees--Profit; (to catch) success; (stung by) to be over-worked.<br> +<br> +Blind Person--False friends.<br> +<br> +Blows--(To give) forgiveness; (to receive) advantage.<br> +<br> +Boots--(New) success in love and business; (old) quarreling and failure.<br> +<br> +Bonnet--(New) flirtation; (old or torn) rivalry.<br> +<br> +Boat--(On clear water) happiness; (in muddy water) disgrace.<br> +<br> +Bones--Large acquisition by small degrees.<br> +<br> +Book--Information.<br> +<br> +Bow and Arrows--Love affairs.<br> +<br> +Bottles--A feast; (broken) sickness; (empty) melancholy.<br> +<br> +Bouquet--(To carry) marriage; (to destroy) separation; (to throw away)<br> +displeasure.<br> +<br> +Brandy--Depravity.<br> +<br> +Brook--(Clear) lasting friendship; (troubled) domestic quarrel.<br> +<br> +Briars--Disputes.<br> +<br> +Betrothal--Brief pleasures.<br> +<br> +Birds--New pleasures; (singing) love, good fortune.<br> +<br> +Bite--Mistrust, ingratitude.<br> +<br> +Billiards--Hazards, dissipation.<br> +<br> +Biscuit--Rejoicings, jolly feasting.<br> +<br> +Blessing or Benediction--A forced marriage.<br> +<br> +Blackbird--Scandal, deceit.<br> +<br> +Bridge--(To pass one) success through industry; (to fall from) loss of<br> +business and disappointment in love.<br> +<br> +Bread--Profit; (white) lasting affection; (black) inconstancy.<br> +<br> +Bugs--Enemies seeking to do injury.<br> +<br> +Bull--(Peaceful) gain; (onset of) apprehension.<br> +<br> +Butcher--Death of a friend.<br> +<br> +Butterfly--Inconstancy.<br> +<br> +Butter--Surprises; (to make) a legacy.<br> +<br> +<br> +C<br> +<br> +Cabbage--Health and long life.<br> +<br> +Cage--(With bird) liberty; (without bird) imprisonment.<br> +<br> +Cakes--Meeting with friends; (to make or eat) prosperity.<br> +<br> +Calf--Assured success.<br> +<br> +Camel--Riches.<br> +<br> +Candle--Favors, praise.<br> +<br> +Candy--Ardent love.<br> +<br> +Cane--Correction.<br> +<br> +Cards--Married life.<br> +<br> +Carpenter--Arrangement of affairs.<br> +<br> +Cart--Sickness and disgrace.<br> +<br> +Cave--Quarrel, loss.<br> +<br> +Carving--Business prosperity.<br> +<br> +Cat--(To see) treason; (to kill) family quarrels.<br> +<br> +Cellar--(Full) passing renown; (empty) health.<br> +<br> +Cemetery--(To see) future prosperity; (to be in) news of a death.<br> +<br> +Chain--Union; (broken) rupture.<br> +<br> +Challenge--Rupture, illusion.<br> +<br> +Cherries--Health; (to gather) deception by a woman; (to eat) love.<br> +<br> +Chicken--(Cooking) good news.<br> +<br> +Cheese--Vexation and after success.<br> +<br> +Chestnuts--Home troubles.<br> +<br> +Child--(Pretty) pleasure; (ugly) danger; (running) business difficulty.<br> +<br> +Church--Heritage; (to pray in) deceit; (to speak aloud in) domestic<br> +quarrels.<br> +<br> +Chess--Affairs embarrassed,<br> +<br> +Cider--Distant heritage, dispute.<br> +<br> +Clams--Small possessions, stingily kept.<br> +<br> +Clock--Marriage; (striking) a competency.<br> +<br> +Coal--Persecution.<br> +<br> +Cock--Pride, power, success; (one crowing) sudden trouble; (two<br> +fighting) expensive follies.<br> +<br> +Colic--Bickerings, estrangement<br> +<br> +Corkscrew--Vexatious inquiries.<br> +<br> +Corpse--Long life; news of the living; (one disinterred) infidelity.<br> +<br> +Cow--Prosperity, abundance.<br> +<br> +Cobbler--Long toil, ill paid.<br> +<br> +Coffee--Misfortune.<br> +<br> +Coffin--Speedy marriage.<br> +<br> +Cooking--A wedding.<br> +<br> +Corn--Riches; (to grind) abundance.<br> +<br> +Crabs--Ill results of endeavor.<br> +<br> +Cradle, or Crib--Increase in the family.<br> +<br> +Cricket--Hospitality, home comfort.<br> +<br> +Crocodile--A catastrophe.<br> +<br> +Cross--(To see) disquiet; (to bear) tranquillity.<br> +<br> +Crow--Disappointed expectations, humiliation; (to hear) disgrace.<br> +<br> +Crowd--Many matters, much to hear.<br> +<br> +Crutches--(To use) gambling losses; (to break or leave) recovery.<br> +<br> +Cucumber--Serious illness.<br> +<br> +Currants--(Red) friendship; (white) satisfaction; (black) infidelity.<br> +<br> +Cypress--Despair, death of one cherished.<br> +<br> +<br> +D<br> +<br> +Dancing--(To engage in) successful endeavor; (to see) weariness.<br> +<br> +Debts--(Denied) business safety; (admitted) distress.<br> +<br> +Doctor--Robustness; (to be one) enjoyment.<br> +<br> +Dog--Friendly services; (to play with) suffering through extravagance.<br> +<br> +Desertion--Good news, permanence.<br> +<br> +Devil--Temptations.<br> +<br> +Diamonds--Brief, illusive happiness; (to find) loss; (to sell) peril.<br> +<br> +Dice--Doubt, risks.<br> +<br> +Dirt--Sickness, detraction.<br> +<br> +Dispute--(Friendly) see Argument; (not friendly) see Quarrel.<br> +<br> +Dishes--Possessions; (breaking) family quarrels.<br> +<br> +Ditch--Bankruptcy.<br> +<br> +Door--(Open) opportunities; (closed) unfruitful adventure; (to force)<br> +reproof.<br> +<br> +Dove--Home happiness, a lover.<br> +<br> +Draughts--(To play at) disappointment.<br> +<br> +Drawing--A proposal for rejection.<br> +<br> +Drowning--Happiness.<br> +<br> +Drum--Small difficulties, trifling loss.<br> +<br> +Duck--Profit and pleasure; (to kill one) misfortune.<br> +<br> +Duel--Rivalries; dissension.<br> +<br> +Dumb--(One's self) quarrels; (another) peace.<br> +<br> +Dwarf--Feeble foes.<br> +<br> +Dyer--Embarrassed affairs.<br> +<br> +<br> +E<br> +<br> +Eagle--Worthy ambition; (kill one) gratified wishes.<br> +<br> +Eating--Botheration.<br> +<br> +Eclipse--(The sun) loss; (the moon) profit.<br> +<br> +Eels--(Alive) vexation; (dead) vengeance satisfied.<br> +<br> +Eggs--(A few) riches; (many) misadventure.<br> +<br> +Elephant--Power; (feed one) gain of a service.<br> +<br> +Embroidery--Love, ambition.<br> +<br> +Epitaph--Indiscretion.<br> +<br> +Eyes--Bad luck.<br> +<br> +<br> +F<br> +<br> +Face--(Smiling) joy; (pale) trouble.<br> +<br> +Fairs--Sudden loss.<br> +<br> +Falling--Dangerous elevation; (in a hole) calumny, disappointment.<br> +<br> +Fan----Pride, rivalry.<br> +<br> +Farmer--Full, good living.<br> +<br> +Fatigue--Successful enterprise.<br> +<br> +Father-in-Law--Unlucky.<br> +<br> +Feast--Trouble ahead.<br> +<br> +Feathers--(White) great joy, friendship; (black) hindrances.<br> +<br> +Fields--Joy, good health, domestic happiness.<br> +<br> +Fingers--(Scalded) envy; (cut) grief; (to see more than five on one<br> +hand) new relatives.<br> +<br> +Figs--(Dried) festivity; (green) hope; (to eat) transient pleasures.<br> +<br> +Flowers--Happiness; (to gather) benefit; (to cast away) quarrels.<br> +<br> +Flute--News of a birth.<br> +<br> +Fire--Anger, danger.<br> +<br> +Firearms--(To see) anger; (blaze of) spite; (to hear) havoc.<br> +<br> +Fish--Success, joy; (to catch) deceit of friends.<br> +<br> +Flag--Contention; (to bear) fame, honor.<br> +<br> +Flame--(Luminous) good news.<br> +<br> +Fleas--Unhappiness; (to kill) triumph over enemies.<br> +<br> +Flies--That some one is jealous of us.<br> +<br> +Flood--Misfortunes, calumny.<br> +<br> +Fog--Deception.<br> +<br> +Forest--Loss, shame.<br> +<br> +Fountain--Abundance, health.<br> +<br> +Fox--To be duped; (to kill) to triumph over enemies.<br> +<br> +Frogs--Distrust; (hopping) vexation, annoyance.<br> +<br> +Fruits--Joy, prosperity, gain; (to eat) be deceived by a woman;<br> +(throwaway) trouble through others' envy.<br> +<br> +Funeral--Inheritance, news of a birth or marriage.<br> +<br> +Fur--(On the body) health and long life.<br> +<br> +<br> +G<br> +<br> +Gallows--Dignities and honors (proportionate to height).<br> +<br> +Gambling--Deception.<br> +<br> +Game--(Live) adventure.<br> +<br> +Garden--Bright future days; (well kept) increase of fortune;<br> +(disorderly) business losses and failure.<br> +<br> +Garlic--Deceived by a woman.<br> +<br> +Garments--Annoyance; (white) innocence, comfort; (black) death of +a<br> +friend; (torn or soiled) sadness, misfortune.<br> +<br> +Garter--Happy marriage.<br> +<br> +Gauze--Affected modesty.<br> +<br> +Ghost--(White) consolation; (black) temptation.<br> +<br> +Gift--(From a man) danger; (from a woman) spite.<br> +<br> +Gloves--Friendly advances.<br> +<br> +Goat--(White) prosperity; (black) sickness.<br> +<br> +Gold--Profit, fortune.<br> +<br> +Goose--Same as Duck; (catch one) ensnarement.<br> +<br> +Grandparents--Occasion for repentance.<br> +<br> +Grapes--Enjoyment, rejoicing; (scant or poor) deprivations.<br> +<br> +Grass--(Green) long life.<br> +<br> +Grasshopper--Lost harvest or savings.<br> +<br> +Grave--(Open) loss of a friend; (filled up) good fortune.<br> +<br> +Guitar--Deception, ill-conduct.<br> +<br> +Gypsy--Small troubles.<br> +<br> +<br> +H<br> +<br> +Hail--Trouble, sadness.<br> +<br> +Hair--(Orderly) comfort, complacency; (tangled) perplexities; (falling<br> +out) anxieties.<br> +<br> +Ham--Happiness.<br> +<br> +Harp--A handsome partner.<br> +<br> +Harvest--Wealth in the country.<br> +<br> +Hay--Abundance.<br> +<br> +Heart--(Pain or troubles) sickness, danger.<br> +<br> +Heaven--Some joyful event will happen.<br> +<br> +Hell--You lead a bad life and should reform before it is too late.<br> +<br> +Hen--Profit; (hear one) consolation; (one laying) joy.<br> +<br> +Herbs--Prosperity; (to eat) grief.<br> +<br> +Hermit--Treacherous friend.<br> +<br> +Hill--(Up one) success; (down) misadventure.<br> +<br> +Hole--Obstacles. See Falling.<br> +<br> +Holly--Annoyance.<br> +<br> +Honey--Success in business.<br> +<br> +Horse--(See white one) unexpected good fortune; (see black one) partial<br> +success; (mount or ride) success in enterprise; (curry one) a speedy<br> +journey.<br> +<br> +Hotel--(See one) wandering; (be in) discomfort.<br> +<br> +House--(New or strange) consolation; (many) bewilderment.<br> +<br> +Hunger--Profitable employment.<br> +<br> +Hunt--Snares, accusations.<br> +<br> +Husband--If a wife dreams that her husband is married to another it<br> +betokens separation.<br> +<br> +<br> +I<br> +<br> +Ice--Treachery, misadventure.<br> +<br> +Imps--Occasion for caution.<br> +<br> +Infants--Connubial felicity.<br> +<br> +Ink--Reconciliation; (upset) separation.<br> +<br> +Insanity--Bright ideas, wise thought.<br> +<br> +Iron--Cruel experience.<br> +<br> +Island--Solitude, loneliness.<br> +<br> +Itch--Small foes.<br> +<br> +Ivory--Profitable enterprise.<br> +<br> +Intoxication--(One's self) pleasures; (another) scandal.<br> +<br> +Ivy--Children many and handsome.<br> +<br> +<br> +J<br> +<br> +Jail--(To enter) safety; (leaving one) single blessedness.<br> +<br> +Jaw--Riches in the family.<br> +<br> +Jew--Trickery.<br> +<br> +Joy--Bad news.<br> +<br> +Judge--Punishment.<br> +<br> +Jug--Loss through awkwardness or neglect.<br> +<br> +<br> +K<br> +<br> +Keys--Explanations, progress in knowledge; (to lose) perplexity.<br> +<br> +Killing--(To see) security; (one's self) love quarrels; (another)<br> +jealousy.<br> +<br> +Kids--Consolation.<br> +<br> +King--Satisfaction, progress in affairs.<br> +<br> +Kiss--(In the light) true love; (in the dark) risks; (a stranger) a new<br> +lover; (a rival) treason; (married woman kissed by a stranger) a new<br> +baby and a jealous husband.<br> +<br> +Kitchen--Arrivals.<br> +<br> +Kite--Vain glory.<br> +<br> +Knife--Inconstancy, dissension.<br> +<br> +Knitting--Mischievous talk, malice.<br> +<br> +Knots--Embarrassments, difficulties.<br> +<br> +<br> +L<br> +<br> +Labor--Conjugal happiness, increase of fortune.<br> +<br> +Ladder--(To go up) brief glory; (to go down) debasement.<br> +<br> +Lady--Humiliation; (many) gossip.<br> +<br> +Lambs--(To see) peace; (to have) profit; (to carry) success; (to buy)<br> +great surprise; (to kill) secret grief.<br> +<br> +Lame Person--Business misfortune.<br> +<br> +Lamps--(Unlit) neglect; (lighted) love troubles.<br> +<br> +Landscape--Unexpected gain.<br> +<br> +Lantern--(Lighted) safe adventure; (unlit) blunder.<br> +<br> +Larks--Riches, elevation.<br> +<br> +Laughter--Troubled happiness, botheration.<br> +<br> +Leg--(If sound and supple) successful enterprise, prosperous journey.<br> +<br> +Letter--(To see) discovery; (to receive) good news from afar.<br> +<br> +Lice--Wealth.<br> +<br> +Lightning--A love quarrel.<br> +<br> +Lily--(Faded) vain hopes; (fine) innocence, happiness.<br> +<br> +Linen--Fortune, abundance.<br> +<br> +Lion--Future dignity.<br> +<br> +Liver--Losses, discomforts.<br> +<br> +Lizard--Snares of dubious origin.<br> +<br> +Laurel--Honor, gain.<br> +<br> +Lawyer--Marriage of a friend.<br> +<br> +Lead--Accusations, ingratitude.<br> +<br> +Leaves--Transient indisposition.<br> +<br> +Leech--Aid in trouble; (many of them) extortion, usury.<br> +<br> +Leeks--Labor.<br> +<br> +Lettuce--Poverty.<br> +<br> +Locksmith--Robbery.<br> +<br> +Lottery Tickets--(Number distinct) success in affairs; (number<br> +indistinct) foolish expenditure.<br> +<br> +Love--An all round good indication.<br> +<br> +Lovers--Troubles and joys mixed.<br> +<br> +<br> +M<br> +<br> +Macaroni--Distress.<br> +<br> +Man--(Handsome) love; (ugly) wrangles.<br> +<br> +Mantle--Victimizing.<br> +<br> +Manure--Depravity, shame.<br> +<br> +Maps--A journey.<br> +<br> +Marble--Estrangements.<br> +<br> +Markets--(A busy one) joyous events; (empty) deprivations.<br> +<br> +Marsh--Unfruitful endeavors.<br> +<br> +Masks--Hypocrisy.<br> +<br> +Measles--Wealth coupled with disgrace.<br> +<br> +Meat--(Roast) kind reception, (boiled) melancholy.<br> +<br> +Melon--Hope, Success.<br> +<br> +Mice--Annoyances.<br> +<br> +Milestone--Desires accomplished.<br> +<br> +Milk--Love affairs.<br> +<br> +Mills--Legacy from a relative<br> +<br> +Mire--Mistakes, privations.<br> +<br> +Mirror--(To look in) misunderstanding; (broken) misadventure.<br> +<br> +Money--Losses in business; (to find) tardy discoveries.<br> +<br> +Money-Lender--Persecution.<br> +<br> +Monkey--Harmless mischief.<br> +<br> +Moon--Love; (bright) continual pleasure; (clouded) sickness, danger to<br> +one beloved; (full) wealth; (new) awakening affection; (failing) deceit;<br> +(red) renown.<br> +<br> +Mourning--Impending happiness, invitation to a ball or wedding.<br> +<br> +Mouth--(Closed so that cannot eat) sudden death; (wider than usual)<br> +riches.<br> +<br> +Mud--Riches.<br> +<br> +Mule--Difficulty.<br> +<br> +Music--Ease, pleasure.<br> +<br> +Mustard--Troubles.<br> +<br> +Myrtle--Love declaration.<br> +<br> +<br> +N<br> +<br> +Nails--(Broken) misadventure; (very long) emoluments.<br> +<br> +Nakedness--Threatened danger.<br> +<br> +Navigating--Approaching journey.<br> +<br> +Necklace--Jealousy, annoyance.<br> +<br> +Needles--Disappointment in love.<br> +<br> +Negro--Vexation, annoyance.<br> +<br> +Nest--Good luck, profit.<br> +<br> +Newspaper--Botheration, gossip.<br> +<br> +Night--(Walking) uneasiness, melancholy.<br> +<br> +Nightingale--Happy marriage.<br> +<br> +Nose--(That yours is large) prosperity and acquaintance with rich<br> +people.<br> +<br> +Nurse--Long life.<br> +<br> +Nuts--Peace and satisfaction after trouble and difficulty.<br> +<br> +<br> +O<br> +<br> +Oak--(Green) health, strength; (dead or fallen) heavy losses.<br> +<br> +Oars--Safe enterprise; (to break or lose) dependence.<br> +<br> +Offer of Marriage--New lovers.<br> +<br> +Office--(Turn out of) death or loss of property.<br> +<br> +Oil--Good harvest.<br> +<br> +Old Person--(Man) prudence, wisdom; (woman) scandal.<br> +<br> +Olives--Honors and dignities.<br> +<br> +Onions--Aggravation, dispute with inferiors.<br> +<br> +Opera--Pleasure followed by pain.<br> +<br> +Orange Blossom--A marriage.<br> +<br> +Oranges--Amusement, pleasure; (sour) chagrin, injury.<br> +<br> +Orchard--Much of nothing.<br> +<br> +Ostrich--Misadventure through vanity.<br> +<br> +Oven--Ease, riches; (hot) feasting.<br> +<br> +Owl--Secrets revealed.<br> +<br> +Oysters--Satiety.<br> +<br> +<br> +P<br> +<br> +Pain--Trouble and recovery.<br> +<br> +Painter--That everything will be lovely.<br> +<br> +Palm-Tree--Honor, power, victory.<br> +<br> +Paper--Tidings; (colored) deceit; (painted) brief happiness.<br> +<br> +Parent--Good news.<br> +<br> +Parrot--A bad neighbor, tale-bearing.<br> +<br> +Pastry--(To eat) annoyance; (to make) good times.<br> +<br> +Paths--(Straight) happiness; (crooked) ill to the willful.<br> +<br> +Pawnbroker--Little result of big endeavor.<br> +<br> +Peacock--Peril through pride, ambition or unwariness.<br> +<br> +Peaches--Contentment, pleasure.<br> +<br> +Pearls--Tears, distress.<br> +<br> +Pears--Treachery; (to eat) tidings of death; (to gather) festivities.<br> +<br> +Peas--Good fortune.<br> +<br> +Pens--Tidings.<br> +<br> +Peddler--You are mistaken in your estimate of a friend.<br> +<br> +Pepper--Affliction, vexation.<br> +<br> +Pheasant--Good fortune; (to kill one) peril; (to carry one) honor.<br> +<br> +Piano--Disputes.<br> +<br> +Pig--Pork--(Few) avarice; (many) profits.<br> +<br> +Pigeon--Reconciliation.<br> +<br> +Pillow--Disturbance.<br> +<br> +Pills--Trouble.<br> +<br> +Pine Tree--Danger.<br> +<br> +Pins--Contradiction.<br> +<br> +Pirates--Fortunate adventure.<br> +<br> +Pitch--Evil companions.<br> +<br> +Pitchfork--Punishment.<br> +<br> +Playing--Entertainment.<br> +<br> +Plums--Pleasure, happiness.<br> +<br> +Policeman--Trouble.<br> +<br> +Pomegranate--Power.<br> +<br> +Postman--News from the absent.<br> +<br> +Poverty--Thrift, advantage.<br> +<br> +Preserves--Loss of time and money.<br> +<br> +Priest--Reconciliation.<br> +<br> +Procession--Happy love.<br> +<br> +Pump--(If water) marriage and fortune; (if dry) flirtation.<br> +<br> +Purchase--(On credit) deprivations; (for cash) possessions.<br> +<br> +Purse--(Empty) something to get; (full) pride, disquiet.<br> +<br> +Puzzle--Favors, pleasure.<br> +<br> +<br> +Q<br> +<br> +Quail--Family responsibilities.<br> +<br> +Quarrel--Constancy, friendship.<br> +<br> +Queen--Prosperity.<br> +<br> +Questions--Wisdom.<br> +<br> +Quill--Particular information.<br> +<br> +Quoits--Rivalries.<br> +<br> +<br> +R<br> +<br> +Rabbit--(White) friendship; (black) trouble; (many) extensive pleasures.<br> +<br> +Racing--Success in life.<br> +<br> +Radishes--That you will discover secrets.<br> +<br> +Raft--New views.<br> +<br> +Rain--Legacy or gift.<br> +<br> +Rainbow--Separation.<br> +<br> +Rat--Secret enemies; (white) triumph over enemies.<br> +<br> +Raven--Misfortune; (hear one) grief.<br> +<br> +Reading--Venturesomeness.<br> +<br> +Reaper--A picnic party.<br> +<br> +Revenge--Repentance.<br> +<br> +Ribbons--Prodigality.<br> +<br> +Rice--Talking.<br> +<br> +Ride--(With men) it is a good sign; (with women) a bad sign.<br> +<br> +Ring--Approaching marriage.<br> +<br> +Riot--Scarcity through mischief.<br> +<br> +Rival--Quarrels.<br> +<br> +River--Success in enterprise; (to fall in) attempts of enemies; (to<br> +throw one's self in) confusion in affairs.<br> +<br> +Robber--Fear.<br> +<br> +Rock--Annoyance; (to surmount) difficulties overcome.<br> +<br> +Roof--Adventure abroad.<br> +<br> +Roses--Always of happy omen; (full blown) health, joy, abundance;<br> +(faded) success, with some drawbacks; (white) innocence; (red)<br> +satisfaction; (yellow) jealousy.<br> +<br> +Ruffles--Honors, profitable occupation.<br> +<br> +Ruins--Pleasant surprises.<br> +<br> +Rust--Idle times, decay, failure.<br> +<br> +<br> +S<br> +<br> +Sailor--Tidings from abroad.<br> +<br> +Salad--Embarrassments.<br> +<br> +Salt--Wisdom.<br> +<br> +Satin or Silk--Gain.<br> +<br> +Sausage--Affliction, sickness.<br> +<br> +Saw--Satisfactory conclusion in affairs.<br> +<br> +Scissors--Enemies, hatred.<br> +<br> +Scratches--Inconveniences, annoyances.<br> +<br> +Screech-Owl--Death of near relative.<br> +<br> +Sculptor--Profit.<br> +<br> +Sea--Long journey, large affairs.<br> +<br> +Seabeach--Tranquilly.<br> +<br> +Secretary--Fortune.<br> +<br> +Serenade--News of a marriage.<br> +<br> +Sermon--Weariness, sleeplessness.<br> +<br> +Servant--(Man) abuse of confidence; (maid) suspicion.<br> +<br> +Sewing--Plots.<br> +<br> +Shawl--(A fine one) honors; (thin or old) shame; (torn) detraction.<br> +<br> +Sheep--Great gain.<br> +<br> +Shell--(Filled) success; (empty) ill-omen.<br> +<br> +Shepherd--Malice.<br> +<br> +Ship--Wishes fulfilled; (in danger) unexpected good fortune.<br> +<br> +Shoes--Advantageous speculation; (much worn) a speedy journey.<br> +<br> +Shop--(To be in) pleasure denied; (to conduct) dues withheld.<br> +<br> +Shroud--Death.<br> +<br> +Singing--Vexation.<br> +<br> +Skating--(To see) hindrances, crosses; (to do) success.<br> +<br> +Skeleton--Disgust.<br> +<br> +Sky--(Clear) happiness, peace; (clouded) misfortune.<br> +<br> +Sleep--Illusive security.<br> +<br> +Slippers--Comfort, satisfaction.<br> +<br> +Smoke--Extravagant expectations.<br> +<br> +Snail--Infidelity, dishonor.<br> +<br> +Snakes--Treason, betrayal.<br> +<br> +Sneezing--Long life.<br> +<br> +Snow--(In season) good harvest; (unseasonable) discouragement.<br> +<br> +Soap--Revelations, assistance.<br> +<br> +Soldier--Quarrels.<br> +<br> +Soup--Return of health or fortune.<br> +<br> +Spectacles--Melancholy, obstacles.<br> +<br> +Spider--(In the dark) gain; (in the light) contention; (kill one)<br> +pleasure.<br> +<br> +Sponge--Greed, avarice.<br> +<br> +Sports--Pleasure and after regrets.<br> +<br> +Spot--(On clothes) sadness; (on the sun) baseless fears.<br> +<br> +Spy--(To be one) reprehension; (to see) rumors.<br> +<br> +Stable--Hospitality, welcome.<br> +<br> +Stag--Gain; (chase one) business failure.<br> +<br> +Stammer--Decision, resolution.<br> +<br> +Stars--Happiness; (pale) affliction; (shooting) death of relative.<br> +<br> +Stocking--(To pull off) comfort; (to pull on) discomfort; (new) a visit;<br> +(a hole in) deceitful fortune.<br> +<br> +Stones--(Under foot) trouble, suffering; (thrown or falling) malice.<br> +<br> +Storks--Loss, robbery.<br> +<br> +Storm--Contest, vexation.<br> +<br> +Stove--Riches.<br> +<br> +Stranger--Return of a lost friend.<br> +<br> +Strange Bed--Contentment.<br> +<br> +Strange Room--A mystery solved.<br> +<br> +Strawberries--Unexpected good fortune.<br> +<br> +Straws--Poverty.<br> +<br> +Street--(To walk in) a favorable reception.<br> +<br> +Sugar--Privation and want.<br> +<br> +Sun--(Bright) discovery of secrets; (clouded) bad news; (rising)<br> +success; (setting) losses.<br> +<br> +Supper--News of a birth.<br> +<br> +Swallow--Successful enterprise.<br> +<br> +Swans--Private riches.<br> +<br> +Swearing--Disagreeables.<br> +<br> +Sweeping--Confidence well placed.<br> +<br> +Swimming--Enjoyment.<br> +<br> +Swords--Misfortune.<br> +<br> +<br> +T<br> +<br> +Table--Joy; (to set) abundance.<br> +<br> +Tailor--Unfaithfulness.<br> +<br> +Tea--Confusion, incumbrance.<br> +<br> +Tears--Joy, comfort.<br> +<br> +Teeth--(Handsome) health, goodness; (mean or drawn) vexation, loss.<br> +<br> +Ten-Pins--Undesirable adventures.<br> +<br> +Tent--Quarrels.<br> +<br> +Theater--Sadness, loss.<br> +<br> +Thicket--Evasions, apprehensions.<br> +<br> +Thief--(To be one) loss; (to lose by one) good speculations.<br> +<br> +Thimble--Work hard to find.<br> +<br> +Thirst--Affliction.<br> +<br> +Thistle--Disputes, folly.<br> +<br> +Thorns--Disappointment, pain; (to be pricked by) loss of money.<br> +<br> +Thread--Intrigue; (tangled) confusion of affairs; (to break) failure;<br> +(to split) a secret betrayed.<br> +<br> +Thunder--Danger; (to see thunderbolt fall) death of a friend.<br> +<br> +Tiger--Fierce enmity.<br> +<br> +Toads--Something to disgust.<br> +<br> +Tomb--Family matters, nuptials, births.<br> +<br> +Torches--Invitation to a wedding.<br> +<br> +Trap-Door--(Open) a secret divulged; (shut) mystery.<br> +<br> +Travel--(On foot) work; (on wheels) fortune.<br> +<br> +Treasure--(That you find one) disappointment.<br> +<br> +Trees--In general; (green) hope; (withered) grief; (leafless) deceit;<br> +(cut down) robbery; (to climb) change of employment.<br> +<br> +Trousers--Honors and responsibilities.<br> +<br> +Turkey--If you dream of a turkey you will shortly see a fool.<br> +<br> +Turnips--Disappointment, annoyance.<br> +<br> +Twins--Honors, riches.<br> +<br> +<br> +U<br> +<br> +Umbrella--(To a lady) A new lover; (to a gentleman) a breach of promise<br> +suit.<br> +<br> +Uncle--Advantageous marriage.<br> +<br> +Undress--(One's self) rebuke; (another) scandal.<br> +<br> +Uniform--(To see) humbling; (to wear) flattery.<br> +<br> +<br> +V<br> +<br> +Vegetables--(In general) weary toil; (to gather) quarrels; (to eat)<br> +business losses.<br> +<br> +Veil--Marriage; (black) death or separation.<br> +<br> +Veins--Grief.<br> +<br> +Vermin--Enough and to spare.<br> +<br> +Villain--Danger of losing property.<br> +<br> +Vine--Fruitfulness, abundance.<br> +<br> +Vinegar--(To drink) wrangles; (spoiled) sickness.<br> +<br> +Violets--Success of undertakings.<br> +<br> +Violin--(In concert) sympathy, consolation; (alone) bereavement.<br> +<br> +Visitors--Loneliness.<br> +<br> +Virgin--Joy without regret; (pretended one) sorrow, evil.<br> +<br> +Vulture--Bitter enmity; (kill one) triumph over foes; (one feeding)<br> +returning fortune.<br> +<br> +<br> +W<br> +<br> +Wagon--(Loaded) emolument; (empty) ease, pleasure.<br> +<br> +Wake--Poverty and misery.<br> +<br> +Wall--Obstacles; (to be on) prosperity.<br> +<br> +War--Misunderstandings and contention.<br> +<br> +Wardrobe--Advantage.<br> +<br> +Wash-Day--New friends, good resolutions.<br> +<br> +Wasps--Annoyance; (to be stung) affronts.<br> +<br> +Watch--Time well employed.<br> +<br> +Watchman--Trifling loss.<br> +<br> +Water--See Bath, Drink; (to drink) a marriage or birth; (to fall into)<br> +reconciliation.<br> +<br> +Water Carrier--Gain.<br> +<br> +Wax--Desirable marriage.<br> +<br> +Weasel--To be outwitted.<br> +<br> +Wedding--Unexpected danger, troubled happiness.<br> +<br> +Well--(Draw water from) good fortune; (fall into) peril.<br> +<br> +Wheat--Money.<br> +<br> +Wheelbarrow, Wheel--Disability, infirmity.<br> +<br> +Whirlwind--Danger, scandal.<br> +<br> +Widowhood--Satisfaction, new belongings.<br> +<br> +Wife--If a man dreams he sees his wife married to another, it betokens a<br> +separation.<br> +<br> +Wolf--Enmity; (to kill one) gain, success.<br> +<br> +Woman--Deceit; (fair) love; (ugly) scandal.<br> +<br> +Wood-Cutter--Labor without profit.<br> +<br> +Woods--(To rich) loss; (to poor) profit.<br> +<br> +Work--(Of right hand) prosperity; (of left hand) impecuniosity.<br> +<br> +Worms--Secret enemies, ill-health.<br> +<br> +Wreck--Catastrophes, peril.<br> +<br> +Writing--Pleasant and profitable discovery.<br> +<br> +<br> +Y<br> +<br> +Yeast--Increase, abundance.<br> +<br> +Yoke--Responsibilities, particularly of marriage.<br> +<br> +Youth--Good time, light responsibilities.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br style="font-weight: bold;"> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">THE LANGUAGE OF FLOWERS.</span><br> +<br> +Flowers may be combined and arranged so as to express even the nicest<br> +shades of sentiment.<br> +<br> +If a flower is offered reversed, its direct significance is likewise<br> +reversed, so that the flower now means its opposite.<br> +<br> +A rosebud divested of its thorns, but retaining its leaves conveys the<br> +sentiment. "I fear no longer; I hope." Stripped of leaves and thorns, it<br> +signifies, "There is nothing to hope or fear."<br> +<br> +A full-blown rose placed over two buds signifies "Secrecy."<br> +<br> +"Yes" is implied by touching the flower given to the lips.<br> +<br> +"No" by pinching off a petal and casting it away.<br> +<br> +"I am," is expressed by a laurel leaf twined around the bouquet. "I<br> +have," by an ivy leaf folded together. "I offer you," by a leaf of<br> +Virginia creeper.<br> +<br> +<br> +Combinations and Their Meaning.<br> +<br> +Moss, Rosebud and Myrtle--"A confession of love."<br> +<br> +Mignonette and Colored Daisy--"Your qualities surpass your charms of<br> +beauty."<br> +<br> +Lily of the Valley and Ferns--"Your unconscious sweetness has fascinated<br> +me."<br> +<br> +Yellow Rose, Broken Straw and Ivy--"Your jealousy has broken our<br> +friendship."<br> +<br> +Scarlet Geranium, Passion Flower, Purple Hyacinth, and Arbor Vitae--"I<br> +trust you will find consolation, through faith, in your sorrow; be<br> +assured of my unchanging friendship."<br> +<br> +Columbine, Day Lily, Broken Straw, Witch Hazel and Colored Daisy--"Your<br> +folly and coquetry have broken the spell of your beauty."<br> +<br> +White Pink, Canary Grass and Laurel--"Your talent and perseverance will<br> +win you glory."<br> +<br> +Golden-Rod and Monkshead, Sweet Pea and Forge-me-not--"Be cautious;<br> +danger is near; I depart soon; forget me not."<br> +<br> +<br> +Significance of Single Flowers.<br> +<br> +Arbor Vitae--Unchanging friendship.<br> +<br> +Camelia, White--Loveliness.<br> +<br> +Candy-Tuft--Indifference.<br> +<br> +Carnation, Deep Red--Alas! for my poor heart.<br> +<br> +Carnation, White--Disdain.<br> +<br> +China-Aster--Variety.<br> +<br> +Clover, Four-Leaf--Be mine.<br> +<br> +Clover, White--Think of me.<br> +<br> +Clover, Red--Industry.<br> +<br> +Columbine--Folly.<br> +<br> +Columbine, Purple--Resolved to win.<br> +<br> +Daisy--Innocence.<br> +<br> +Dead Leaves--Sadness.<br> +<br> +Deadly Nightshade--Falsehood.<br> +<br> +Fern--Fascination.<br> +<br> +Forget-me-not--True love, Forget me not.<br> +<br> +Fuschia, Scarlet--Taste.<br> +<br> +Geranium, Rose--Preference.<br> +<br> +Geranium, Scarlet--Consolation.<br> +<br> +Golden-Rod--Be cautious.<br> +<br> +Heliotrope--Devotion.<br> +<br> +Honey-Flower--Love, sweet and secret.<br> +<br> +Hyacinth, White--Unobtrusive loveliness.<br> +<br> +Ivy--Fidelity.<br> +<br> +Lady's Slipper--Win me and wear me.<br> +<br> +Lily, Day--Coquetry.<br> +<br> +Lily, White-Sweetness.<br> +<br> +Lily, Yellow--Gaiety.<br> +<br> +Lily of the Valley--Return of happiness.<br> +<br> +Mignonette--Your qualities surpass your charm.<br> +<br> +Monkshead--Danger is near.<br> +<br> +Myrtle--Love.<br> +<br> +Oats--The witching soul of music.<br> +<br> +Orange Blossoms--Chastity.<br> +<br> +Pansy--Thoughts.<br> +<br> +Passion Flower--Faith.<br> +<br> +Peach Blossom--I am your captive.<br> +<br> +Pear--Affection.<br> +<br> +Primrose--Inconstancy.<br> +<br> +Quaking Grass--Agitation.<br> +<br> +Rose--Love.<br> +<br> +Rose, Deep Red--Bashful shame.<br> +<br> +Rose, Yellow--Jealousy.<br> +<br> +Rose, White--I am worthy of you.<br> +<br> +Rosebud, Moss--Confession of love.<br> +<br> +Shamrock--Lightheartedness.<br> +<br> +Straw--Agreement.<br> +<br> +Straw, Broken--Broken agreement.<br> +<br> +Sweet Pea--Depart.<br> +<br> +Tuberose--Dangerous pleasures.<br> +<br> +Verbena--Pray for me.<br> +<br> +Witch Hazel--A spell.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">ALPHABET OF ADVICE TO WRITERS.</span><br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">A </span>word out of place spoils the +most beautiful thought.--Voltaire.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">B</span>egin humbly. Labor faithfully. +Be patient.--Elizabeth Stuart Phelps.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">C</span>ultivate accuracy in words and +things; amass sound knowledge; avoid all<br> +affectation; write all topics which interest you.--F. W. Newman.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">D</span>on't be afraid. Fight right +along. Hope right along.--S.L. Clemens.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">E</span>very good writer has much +idiom; it is the life and spirit of<br> +Language.--W. S. Landor.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">F</span>ollow this: If you write from +the heart, you will write to the<br> +heart.--Beaconsfield<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">G</span>enius may begin great works, +but only continued labor completes<br> +them.--Joubert.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">H</span>alf the writer's art consists +in learning what to leave in the<br> +ink-pot.--Stevenson.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">I</span>t is by suggestion, not +cumulation, that profound impressions are made<br> +on the imagination.--Lowell.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">J</span>oy in one's work is an asset +beyond the valuing in mere dollars.--C. D.<br> +Warner.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">K</span>eep writing--and profit by +criticism. Use for a motto Michael Angelo's<br> +wise words: "Genius is infinite patience."--L. M. Alcott.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">L</span>ord, let me never tag a moral +to a story, nor tell a story without a<br> +meaning.--Van Dyke.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">M</span>ore failures come from vanity +than carelessness.--Joseph Jefferson.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">N</span>ever do a "pot-boiler." Let +one of your best things go to boil the<br> +pot.--"O. Henry."<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">O</span>riginality does not mean +oddity, but freshness. It means vitality, not<br> +novelty.--Norman Hapgood.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">P</span>luck feathers from the wings +of your imagination, and stick them in the<br> +tail of your judgment.--Horace Greeley.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">Q</span>uintessence approximates +genius. Gather much though into few words.<br> +--Schopenhauer.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">R</span>evise. Revise. Revise.--E. E. +Hale.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">S</span>implicity has been held a mark +of truth: it is also it mark of<br> +genius.--Carlyle.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">T</span>he first principle of +composition of whatever sort is that it should be<br> +natural and appear to have happened so.--Frederick Macmonnies.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">U</span>tilize your enthusiasms. Get +the habit of happiness in<br> +work.--Beveridge.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">V</span>ery few voices but sound +repellent under violent exertion.--Lessing.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">W</span>hatever in this world one has +to say, there is a word, and just one<br> +word, to express it. Seek that out and use it.--De Maupassant.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">Y</span>es, yes; believe me, you must +draw your pen<br> +Not once, nor twice, but o'er and o'er again<br> +Through what you've written, if you would entice<br> +The man who reads you once to read you twice.<br> + +-Horace (Conington, Tr.)<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">Z</span>eal with scanty capacity often +accomplishes more than capacity with no<br> +zeal at all.--George Eliot.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">WHAT DIFFERENT EYES INDICATE.</span><br> +<br> +The long, almond-shaped eye with thick eyelids covering nearly half of<br> +the pupil, when taken in connection with the full brow, is indicative of<br> +genius, and is often found in artists, literary and scientific men. It<br> +is the eye of talent, or impressibility. The large, open, transparent<br> +eye, of whatever color, is indicative of elegance, of taste, of<br> +refinement, of wit, of intelligence. Weakly marked eyebrows indicate a<br> +feeble constitution and a tendency to melancholia, Deep sunken eyes are<br> +selfish, while eyes in which the whole iris shows indicate erraticism,<br> +if not lunacy. Round eyes are indicative of innocence; strongly<br> +protuberant eyes of weakness of both mind and body. Eyes small and close<br> +together typify cunning, while those far apart and open indicate<br> +frankness. The normal distance between the eyes is the width of one eye;<br> +a distance greater or less than this intensifies the character supposed<br> +to be symbolized. Sharp angles, turning down at the corners of the eyes,<br> +are seen in persons of acute judgment and penetration. Well-opened<br> +steady eyes belong to the sincere; wide staring eyes to the impertinent.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">THE MYSTERIES OF PALMISTRY</span><br> +<br> +<img style="width: 381px; height: 561px;" alt="" src="images/090Pic.jpg"><br> +<br> +The following points, upon which the Science of Palmistry is based,<br> +explain its mysteries, and will be found very interesting, amusing and<br> +instructive:<br> +<br> +<br> +Form of the Hand.<br> +<br> +Hands are classed into seven types, each of which is illustrated by the<br> +cuts on the preceding page, and described as follows:<br> +<br> +Plate I--The Elementary or Bilious Hand, indicating brutal instinct<br> +instead of reason as the governing power of the character.<br> +<br> +Plate II--The Square or Jupiter Hand, indicating a practical, stubborn,<br> +methodical, and conventional character; one apt to be suspicious of<br> +strangers and radical in views.<br> +<br> +Plate III--The Spatulate or Nervous Hand, so named because of its<br> +imagined resemblance to a spatula. It is broad at the base of the<br> +fingers, and indicates great energy and push to discover; also, courage<br> +and fearlessness.<br> +<br> +Plate IV--The Philosophic or Venus Hand, has a long, thin, muscular<br> +palm, with long, knotty fingers; indicates a student of nature and<br> +searcher after truth.<br> +<br> +Plate V--The Mercury or Artistic Hand, indicates quick temper,<br> +impulsiveness; a character that is light-hearted, gay and charitable,<br> +to-day; and to-morrow, sad, tearful and uncharitable.<br> +<br> +Plate VI--The Lunar or Idealistic Hand, indicates an extremely sensitive<br> +nature.<br> +<br> +Plate VII--The Harmonic or Solar Hand, indicates a character of great<br> +versatility, brilliant in conversation, and an adept in diplomacy.<br> +<br> +<br> +The Fingers.<br> +<br> +For fortune-telling the fingers from first to fourth are designated as<br> +Jupiter, Saturn, Apollo and Mercury.<br> +<br> +Note the cut on preceding page, representing the different types of<br> +fingers, numbered from one to eleven.<br> +<br> +1--Large fingers indicate a person of vulgar tastes and a cruel, selfish<br> +disposition.<br> +<br> +2--Small, thin fingers indicate a keen, quick acting mind and a person<br> +not very particular about personal appearance.<br> +<br> +3--Long, lean fingers indicate an inquiring disposition; love of details<br> +in narrative; short fingers imply simple tastes and selfishness.<br> +<br> +4--Fat fingers, largely developed at base, indicate sensualness; if<br> +small at base, the reverse.<br> +<br> +5--Smooth fingers indicate artistic ability.<br> +<br> +6--Knotty fingers indicate truthfulness and good order in business<br> +affairs.<br> +<br> +7--Pointed fingers indicate a very magnetic and enthusiastic<br> +personality.<br> +<br> +8--Square fingers indicate a strong mind, regularity and love of good<br> +order.<br> +<br> +9--Spatulate fingers indicate a character of positiveness in opinions<br> +and lacking in gentleness.<br> +<br> +10--Fingers of mixed shape indicate a harmonious disposition, with<br> +ability to easily adapt oneself to all conditions.<br> +<br> +11--Obtuse fingers indicate coarse and cruel sensibilities.<br> +<br> +<br> +The Phalanges of the Fingers.<br> +<br> +See plate VIII, 1, 2, 3--The Phalanges of the Thumb: 4, 5, 6--Repeated<br> +on each finger, indicate the phalanges of the four fingers.<br> +<br> +<br> +The Mounts of the Hands.<br> +<br> +See plate IX--A, Mount Venus; B, Mount Jupiter; C, Mount Saturn; D,<br> +Mount Apollo; E. Mount Mercury; F, Mount Luna; G, Mount Mars.<br> +<br> +<br> +The Shape and Length of the Phalanges<br> +represent certain qualities and features of character, as presented in<br> +the following:<br> +<br> +Jupiter, the first finger; if the first phalange is longer than the<br> +second, it indicates ability to control others, direct and maintain<br> +order; if the second phalange is long and well developed, it indicates<br> +leadership; if short and thin, intellectual weakness; if the third<br> +phalange is long, it indicates love of power in material things.<br> +<br> +Saturn, second finger; if the first phalange is longer than the second,<br> +it indicates ability for mastering scientific subjects; if the second<br> +phalange is long, it indicates great interest in subjects requiring deep<br> +study; if the third phalange is long, it indicates a love of metaphysics<br> +and money.<br> +<br> +Apollo, third finger; if the first phalange is longer than the second,<br> +it indicates love of the arts; if the second phalange is long, it<br> +indicates success and love of riches; if the third phalange is thick, it<br> +indicates an inherited talent of the arts.<br> +<br> +Mercury, fourth finger; if the first phalange is longer than the second,<br> +it indicates a taste for and love of research; if the second phalange is<br> +long and well developed, it indicates industrious habits; if the third<br> +phalange is long and fat, it indicates a desire for the comforts of<br> +life.<br> +<br> +<br> +The Mountains.<br> +<br> +These are points or elevations on the palm.<br> +<br> +Mount Venus, if prominent, indicates a person of strong passions, great<br> +energy in business, and admiration of physical beauty in the opposite<br> +sex; it also indicates love of children, home and wife, or husband. When<br> +not well developed there is a lack of love for home, children, wife or<br> +husband; and in a man, it indicates egotism and laziness,--in a woman,<br> +hysteria.<br> +<br> +Mount Jupiter, if prominent, indicates a person who is generous, loves<br> +power, and is brilliant in conversation; if a woman, she desires to<br> +shine and be a social leader. When not well developed, it indicates lack<br> +of self-esteem, slovenliness and indifference to personal appearance.<br> +<br> +Mount Saturn, if prominent, indicates a serious-minded person,<br> +religiously inclined, slow to reach a conclusion, very prudent, free in<br> +the expression of opinions, but inclined to be pessimistic.<br> +<br> +Mount Apollo, if prominent, indicates ability as an artist, generosity,<br> +courageousness, and a poetical nature, apt to be a spendthrift. When not<br> +well developed, it indicates cautiousness and prudence.<br> +<br> +Mount Mercury, if prominent, indicates keen perceptions, cleverness in<br> +conversation, a talent for the sciences, industry, and deceitfulness. If<br> +not well developed, it indicates a phlegmatic, stupid disposition.<br> +<br> +Mount Luna, if prominent, indicates a dreamy, changeable, capricious,<br> +enthusiastic, and inventive nature. When not well developed, it<br> +indicates constancy, love of home, and ability to imitate others.<br> +<br> +Mount Mars, if prominent, indicates self-respect, coolness, and control<br> +of self under trying circumstances, courage, venturesomeness and<br> +confidence in one's ability for anything undertaken. When not well<br> +developed, it indicates the opposite of these characteristics.<br> +<br> +<br> +Lines On the Hand.<br> +<br> +If the lines of the hand are not well defined, this fact indicates poor<br> +health.<br> +<br> +Deep red lines indicate good, robust health. Yellow lines indicate<br> +excessive biliousness.<br> +<br> +Dark-colored lines indicate a melancholy and reserved disposition.<br> +<br> +The Life Line extends from the outer base of Mount Jupiter, entirely<br> +around the base of Mount Venus. If chained under Jupiter, it indicates<br> +bad health in early life. Hair lines extending from it imply weakness,<br> +and if cut by small lines from Mount Venus, misplaced affections and<br> +domestic broils. If arising from Mount Jupiter, an ambition to be<br> +wealthy and learned. If it is joined by the Line of the Head at its<br> +beginning, prudence and wisdom are indicated. If it joins Heart and Head<br> +line's at its commencement, a great catastrophe will be experienced by<br> +the person so marked. A square on it denotes success. All lines that<br> +follow it give it strength. Lines that cut the Life Line extending<br> +through the Heart Line denote interference in a love affair. If it is<br> +crossed by small lines, illness is indicated. Short and badly drawn<br> +lines, unequal in size, imply bad blood and a tendency to fevers.<br> +<br> +The Heart Line, if it extends across the hand at the base of the finger<br> +mounts, and is deep and well defined, indicates purity and devotion; if<br> +well defined from Mount Jupiter only, a jealous and tyrannical<br> +disposition is indicated; if it begins at Mount Saturn and is without<br> +branches, it is a fatal sign; if short and well defined in the Harmonic<br> +type of hand it indicates intense affection when it is reciprocated; if<br> +short on the Mercury type of hand, it implies deep interest in<br> +intellectual pursuits; it short and deep in the Elementary type of hand,<br> +it implies the disposition to satisfy desire by brutal force, instead of<br> +by love.<br> +<br> +The Head Line is parallel to Heart Line and forms the second branch of<br> +letter M, generally very plain in most hands; if long and deep it<br> +indicates ability to care for one's self; if hair lines are attached to<br> +it, mental worry; if it divides toward Mount Mercury love affairs will<br> +be first, and business secondary; if well defined its whole length, it<br> +implies a well-balanced brain; a line from it extending into a star on<br> +Mount Jupiter, great versatility, pride and love for knowledge are<br> +indicated; if it extend to Mount Luna interest in occult studies is<br> +implied; separated from the Life Line, indicates aggressiveness; if it<br> +is broken, death is indicated from an injury in the head.<br> +<br> +The Rascettes are lines across the wrist where the palm joins it.<br> +<br> +It is claimed they indicate length of life; if straight it is a good<br> +sign. One Rascette indicates thirty years of life; two lines, sixty;<br> +three lines, ninety.<br> +<br> +The Fate Line commences at Rascettes, and if it extends straight to<br> +Mount Saturn, uninterrupted, and alike in both hands, good luck and<br> +success are realized without personal exertion. If not in one hand and<br> +interrupted in the other, success will be experienced only by great<br> +effort. If well defined at the wrist the early life is bright and<br> +promising; if broken in the center, misery for middle life is indicated.<br> +If this line touches Mounts Luna and Venus, it indicates a good<br> +disposition and wealth; if inclined toward any mount, it implies success<br> +in that line for which the mount stands. If it is made up of<br> +disconnected links, it indicates serious physical and moral struggles.<br> +Should it end at Heart Line, the life has been ruined by unrequited<br> +love. If it runs through a square, the life has been in danger and<br> +saved. Should it merge into the Heart Line and continue to Mount<br> +Jupiter, it denotes distinction and power secured through love.<br> +<br> +The Girdle of Venus is a curved line extending from Mount Jupiter to<br> +Mercury, encircling Saturn and Apollo. It appears on few hands, but it<br> +indicates superior intellect, a sensitive and capricious nature; if it<br> +extends to base of Jupiter it denotes divorce; ending in Mercury,<br> +implies great energy; should it be cut by parallel lines in a man, it<br> +indicates a hard drinker and gambler.<br> +<br> +Lines of Reputation, commencing in the middle of the hand, at the Head<br> +Line, Mount Luna or Mount Mars, indicate financial success from<br> +intellectual pursuits after years of struggling with adversity. If from<br> +Heart Line, real love of occupation and success; if from Head Line,<br> +success from selfishness. An island on this line denotes loss of<br> +character, a start on it near Apollo implies that success will be<br> +permanent, and a square, brilliant success. The absence of this line<br> +implies a struggle for recognition of one's abilities.<br> +<br> +Line of Intuition, beginning at base of Mount Mercury, extends around<br> +Mars and Luna; it is frequently found in the Venus, Mercury and Lunar<br> +types of hands; when deeply dented with a triangle on Mount Saturn it<br> +denotes clairvoyant power; if it forms a triangle with Fate Line, or<br> +Life Line, a voyage will be taken.<br> +<br> +Health Line commences at center of the Rascettes, takes an oblique<br> +course from Fate Line, ending toward Mount Mercury. If straight and well<br> +defined, there is little liability to constitutional diseases; when it<br> +does not extend to Head Line, steady mental labor cannot be performed;<br> +when it is broad and deep on Mount Mercury, diminishing as it enters the<br> +Life Line, death from heart disease is indicated; small lines cutting it<br> +denote sickness from biliousness. When joined to Heart Line, health and<br> +business are neglected for Love; if made up of short, fine lines, there<br> +is suffering from stomach catarrh; if it is checked by islands there is<br> +a constitutional tendency to lung disease.<br> +<br> +Marriage Lines extend straight across Mount Mercury; if short, affairs<br> +of the heart without marriage are denoted. When near Heart Line early<br> +marriage is indicated; if it turns directly to Heart Line, marriage will<br> +occur between the ages of 16 and 21; if close to the top of the mount,<br> +marriage will not take place before the 35th year; if it curves upward<br> +it indicates a single life; when pronged and running toward the center<br> +or to Mount Mars, divorce will occur. If the end at this line droops the<br> +subject will outlive wife or husband; if broken, divorce is implied; if<br> +it ends in a cross, the wife or husband will die from an accident. A<br> +branch from this line upward implies a high position attained by<br> +marriage. A black spot on this line means widowhood.<br> +<br> +Children's Lines are small and upright, extending from the end of<br> +Marriage Lines. If broad and well defined, males; if fine and narrow,<br> +females are indicated. A line of this order that is deep and well<br> +defined denotes prominence for that child.<br> +<br> +Small Lines have a signification depending upon their position and<br> +number.<br> +<br> +A single line on Jupiter signifies success; on Saturn, happiness; on<br> +Apollo, fame and talent.<br> +<br> +Ascending small lines are favorable, while descending lines are<br> +unfavorable signs.<br> +<br> +Several small lines on Mars indicate warfare constantly.<br> +<br> +Cross lines, failure.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">RIDDLES, OLD AND NEW.</span><br> +<br> +Feet have they, but they walk not--stoves.<br> +<br> +Eyes have they, but they see not--potatoes.<br> +<br> +Noses have they, but they smell not--tea-pots.<br> +<br> +Mouths have they, but they taste not--rivers.<br> +<br> +Hands have they, but they handle not--clocks.<br> +<br> +Ears have they, but they hear not--corn stalks.<br> +<br> +Tongues have they, but they talk not--wagons.<br> +<br> +What thing is that which is lengthened by being cut at both ends? A<br> +ditch.<br> +<br> +Why do we all go to bed? Because the bed will not come to us.<br> +<br> +Why Paris like the letter F? Because it is the capital of France.<br> +<br> +In which month do ladies talk least? In February.<br> +<br> +Why is a room full of married folks like an empty room? There is not a<br> +single person in it.<br> +<br> +Why is a peach-stone like a regiment? It has a kernel (Colonel).<br> +<br> +Why is an island like the letter T? Because it is in the midst of<br> +wa-t-er.<br> +<br> +Why is a bee-hive like a spectator? Because it is a beeholder<br> +(beholder).<br> +<br> +What is that which a train cannot move without, and yet is not the least<br> +use to it? A noise.<br> +<br> +When is a man over head and ears in debt? When the hat he has on is not<br> +paid for.<br> +<br> +Why is a man led astray like one governed by a girl? He is misled<br> +(miss-led).<br> +<br> +Why is a Jew in a fever like a diamond? He is a Jew ill (jewel).<br> +<br> +Why are fixed stars like pen, ink and paper? They are stationary<br> +(stationery).<br> +<br> +What is that which is always invisible and never out of sight? The<br> +letter I.<br> +<br> +Why is a cook like a barber? He dresses hare (hair).<br> +<br> +Why is a waiter like a race horse? He often runs for a plate or a cup.<br> +<br> +Why is a madman like two men? He is one beside himself.<br> +<br> +Why is a good story like a church bell? It is often told (tolled).<br> +<br> +What is the weight of the moon? Four quarters.<br> +<br> +What sea would make the best bed-room? Adriatic (a-dry attic).<br> +<br> +Why is Ireland likely to become rich? Because the capital is always<br> +Dublin (doubling).<br> +<br> +What two letters make a county in Massachusetts? S. X. (Essex).<br> +<br> +Why is a good saloon like a bad one? Both inn convenient<br> +<br> +Why do dentists make good politicians? Because they have a great pull.<br> +<br> +Why is the Hudson River like a shoe? Because it is a great place for<br> +tows (toes).<br> +<br> +Why is a race at a circus like a big conflagration? Because the heat is<br> +in tents (intense).<br> +<br> +Which is the left side of a plum pudding? The part that is not eaten.<br> +<br> +Why is a man who runs in debt like a clock? He goes on tick.<br> +<br> +Why is the wick of a candle like Athens? It is in the midst of grease<br> +(Greece).<br> +<br> +Why are deep sighs like long stockings? Heigh-ho's (high hose).<br> +<br> +What occupation is the sun? A tanner.<br> +<br> +Why are your eyes like stage horses? They are always under lashes.<br> +<br> +Why are your teeth like verbs? Regular, irregular and defective?<br> +<br> +What word makes you sick if you leave out one of its letters? Music.<br> +<br> +What word of ten letters can be spelled with five? Expediency (X P D N<br> +C).<br> +<br> +Why should red-headed men be chosen for soldiers? They carry fire-locks.<br> +<br> +<br> +Why is the letter D like a sailor? It follows the sea (C).<br> +<br> +Why is a theological student like a merchant? Both study the Prophets<br> +(profits).<br> +<br> +If the alphabet were invited out to dine what time would U, V, W, X, Y<br> +and Z go? After tea (T).<br> +<br> +How can you take one from nineteen and leave twenty? XIX--XX<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">LAST WORDS OF FAMOUS MEN AND WOMEN.</span><br> +<br> + "'Tis well."--George Washington.<br> +<br> +"Tete d'armee."--Napoleon.<br> +<br> +"I thank God that I have done my duty."--Admiral Nelson.<br> +<br> +"I pray thee see me safe up, but for my coming down I can shift for<br> +myself," were the last words of Sir Thomas More when ascending the<br> +scaffold.<br> +<br> +"God bless you."--Dr. Johnson.<br> +<br> +"I have finished."--Hogarth.<br> +<br> +"Dying, dying."--Thos. Hood.<br> +<br> +"Drop the curtain, the farce is played out."--Rabelais.<br> +<br> +"I am what I am. I am what I am."--Swift.<br> +<br> +"I still live."--Daniel Webster.<br> +<br> +"How grand these rays. They seem to beckon earth to heaven."--Humboldt.<br> +<br> +"It is now time that we depart--I to die, you to live: but which is the<br> +better destination is unknown."--Socrates.<br> +<br> +"Adieu, my dear Morand, I am dying."--Voltaire.<br> +<br> +"My beautiful flowers, my lovely flowers."--Richter.<br> +<br> +"James, take good care of the horse."--Winfield Scott.<br> +<br> +"Many things are becoming clearer to me."--Schiller.<br> +<br> +"I feel the daisies growing over me."--John Keats.<br> +<br> +"What, is there no bribing death?"--Cardinal Beaufort.<br> +<br> +"Taking a leap in the dark. O, mystery."--Thomas Paine.<br> +<br> +"There is not a drop of blood on my hands."'--Frederick V.<br> +<br> +"I am taking a fearful leap in the dark."--Thomas Hobbes.<br> +<br> +"Don't let that awkward squad fire over my grave."--Burns.<br> +<br> +"Here, veteran, if you think it right, strike."--Cicero.<br> +<br> +"My days are past as a shadow that returns not."--R. Hooker.<br> +<br> +"I thought that dying had been more difficult,"--Louis XIV.<br> +<br> +"O Lord, forgive me specially my sins of omission."--Usher.<br> +<br> +"Let me die to the sounds of delicious music."--Mirabeau.<br> +<br> +"It is small, very small," alluding to her neck.--Anna Boleyn.<br> +<br> +"Let me hear those notes so long my solace and delight."--Mozart.<br> +<br> +"We are as near heaven by sea as by land,"--Sir Humphrey Gilbert.<br> +<br> +"I do not sleep. I wish to meet death awake."--Maria Theresa.<br> +<br> +"I resign my soul to God; my daughter to my country."--Jefferson.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">TOASTS AND SENTIMENTS</span><br> +<br> +Merit to gain a heart, and sense to keep it.<br> +<br> +Money to him that has spirit to use it.<br> +<br> +More friends and less need of them.<br> +<br> +May those who deceive us be always deceived.<br> +<br> +May the sword of justice be swayed by the hand of mercy.<br> +<br> +May the brow of the brave never want a wreath of laurel.<br> +<br> +May we be slaves to nothing but our duty, and friends to nothing but<br> +real merit.<br> +<br> +May he that turns his back on his friend, fall into the hands of his<br> +enemy.<br> +<br> +May honor be the commander when love takes the field.<br> +<br> +May reason guide the helm when passion blows the gale.<br> +<br> +May those who would enslave become slaves themselves.<br> +<br> +May genius and merit never want a friend.<br> +<br> +May the road of happiness be lighted by virtue.<br> +<br> +May life last as long as it is worth wearing.<br> +<br> +May we never murmur without a cause, and never have a cause to murmur.<br> +<br> +May the eye that drops for the misfortunes of others never shed a tear<br> +for its own.<br> +<br> +May the lovers of the fair sex never want means to support and spirit to<br> +defend them. May the tear of misery be dried by the hand of<br> +commiseration.<br> +<br> +May the voyage of life end in the haven of happiness.<br> +<br> +Provision to the unprovided.<br> +<br> +Peace and honest friendship with all nations; entangling alliances with<br> +none.<br> +<br> +Riches to the generous, and power to the merciful.<br> +<br> +Short shoes and long corns to the enemies of freedom.<br> +<br> +Success to the lover, and joy to the beloved.<br> +<br> +The life we love, with whom we love.<br> +<br> +The friend we love, and the woman we dare trust.<br> +<br> +The union of two fond hearts.<br> +<br> +The lovers of honor, and honorable lovers.<br> +<br> +The unity of hearts in the union of hands.<br> +<br> +The liberty of the press without licentiousness.<br> +<br> +The virtuous fair, and the fair virtuous.<br> +<br> +The road to honor through the plains of virtue.<br> +<br> +The hero of Saratoga--may his memory animate the breast of every<br> +American.<br> +<br> +The American's triumvirate, love, honor and liberty.<br> +<br> +The memory of Washington.<br> +<br> +May the example of the new world regenerate the old.<br> +<br> +Wit without virulence, wine without excess, and wisdom without<br> +affectation.<br> +<br> +What charms, arms and disarms.<br> +<br> +Home pleasant, and our friends at home.<br> +<br> +Woman--She needs no eulogy, she speaks for herself.<br> +<br> +Friendship--May its lamp ever be supplied by the oil of truth and<br> +fidelity.<br> +<br> +The American Navy--May it ever sail on the sea of glory.<br> +<br> +May those who are discontented with their own country leave their<br> +country for their country's good.<br> +<br> +Discretion in speech is more than eloquence. May we always remember<br> +these three things: The manner, the place and the time.<br> +<br> +<br> +Here's a sigh to those who love me,<br> + And a smile to those who hate,<br> +And whatever sky's above me,<br> + Here's a heart for every fate.<br> +Were't the last drop in the well,<br> + As I gasped upon the brink,<br> +Ere my fainting spirit fell,<br> + 'Tis to thee that I would drink.<br> + +--Byron.<br> +<br> +<br> +Caddy's Toast in "Erminie"--'Ere's to the 'ealth o' your Royal 'Ighness;<br> +hand may the skin o' ha gooseberry be big enough for han humbrella to<br> +cover hall your enemies."<br> +<br> +<br> +Here's to the girl I love,<br> + And here's to the girl who loves me,<br> +And here's to all that love her whom I love,<br> + And all those that love her who love me.<br> +<br> +<br> +I will drink to the woman who wrought my woe,<br> + In the diamond morning of long ago;<br> +To the splendor, caught from Orient skies,<br> + That thrilled in the dark of her hazel eyes,<br> +Her large eyes filled with the fire of the south,<br> + And the dewy wine of her warm red mouth.<br> + +--Winter.<br> +<br> +<br> +May those that are single get wives to their mind,<br> +And those that are married true happiness find.<br> +<br> +<br> +Here's a health to me and mine,<br> +Not forgetting thee and thine;<br> +And when thou and thine<br> +Come to see me and mine,<br> +May we and mine make thee and thine<br> +As welcome as thou and thine<br> +Have ever made me and mine.<br> +<br> +<br> +Industry.--The right hand of fortune, the grave of care, and the cradle<br> +of content.<br> +<br> +<br> +Here's to the prettiest,<br> +Here's to the wittiest,<br> +Here's to the truest of all who are true.<br> +Here's to the sweetest one,<br> +Here's to them all in one--here's to you.<br> +<br> +<br> +Our Country.--May she always be in the right--but, right or wrong, Our<br> +Country.-- Stephen Decatur.<br> +<br> +<br> +Here's to our sweethearts and our wives. May our sweethearts soon become<br> +our wives and our wives ever remain our sweethearts.<br> +<br> +<br> +Here's to the girls of the American shore;<br> + I love but one, I love no mare.<br> +Since she's not here to drink her part,<br> + I drink her share with all my heart.<br> +<br> +<br> +Here's to one and only one,<br> + And may that one be she<br> +Who loves but one and only one,<br> + And may that one be me.<br> +<br> +<br> +A glass is good and a lass is good,<br> + And a pipe to smoke in cold weather.<br> +The world is good and the people are good,<br> + And we're all good fellows together.<br> +<br> +<br> +Yesterday's yesterday while to-day's here,<br> +To-day is to-day till to-morrow appear,<br> +To-marrow's to-morrow until to-day's past,<br> +And kisses are kisses as long as they last.<br> +<br> +<br> +Our Country.--<br> + To her we drink, for her we pray,<br> + Our voices silent never;<br> + For her we'll fight, come what may;<br> + The Stars and Stripes forever.<br> +<br> +<br> +Woman.--The fairest work of the great Author; the edition is large, and<br> +no man should be without a copy.<br> +<br> +<br> +Drink to me only with thine eyes,<br> + And I will pledge thee mine;<br> +Or leave a kiss within the cup,<br> + And I'll not look for wine.<br> +The thirst that from the soul doth rise<br> + Doth ask a drink divine;<br> +But might I of Jove's nectar sip,<br> + I would not change from thine.<br> + +--Ben Jonson.<br> +<br> +<br> +Drink to-day and drown all sorrow;<br> +You shall perhaps not do't to-morrow;<br> +Best while you have it, use your breath;<br> +There is no drinking after death.<br> + +--Beaumont and Fletcher.<br> +<br> +<br> +Home.--The father's kingdom; the child's paradise; the mother's world.<br> +<br> +<br> +Here's to those I love;<br> +Here's to those who love me;<br> +Here's to those who love those I love,<br> +And here's to those who love those who love those who love me.<br> + +--Ouida's Favorite Toast.<br> +<br> +<br> +A little health, a little wealth,<br> + A little house and freedom,<br> +With some friends for certain ends,<br> + But little cause to need 'em.<br> +<br> +<br> +Here's to the lasses we've loved, my lad,<br> + Here's to the lips we've pressed;<br> +For of kisses and lasses,<br> +Like liquor in glasses,<br> + The last is always the best.<br> +<br> +<br> +Come in the evening, come in the morning,<br> +Come when you're looked for, come without warning.<br> +<br> +<br> +Here's to a long life and a merry one,<br> +A quick death and an easy one,<br> +A pretty girl and a true one,<br> +A cold bottle and another one.<br> +<br> +<br> +The Man We Love.--He who thinks the most and speaks the least ill of his<br> +neighbor.<br> +<br> +<br> +False Friends.--May we never have friends who, like shadows, keep close<br> +to us in the sunshine only to desert us on a cloudy day or in the night.<br> +<br> +<br> +Here's to those who'd love us if we only cared.<br> +Here's to those we'd love if we only dared.<br> +<br> +<br> +Here's to one another and one other, whoever he or she may be.<br> +<br> +<br> +The world is filled with flowers,<br> + And flowers are filled with dew,<br> +And dew is filled with love<br> + And you and you and you.<br> +<br> +<br> +Here's to you as good as you are,<br> + And to me as bad as I am;<br> +And as good as you are and as bad as I am,<br> + I'm as good as you are as bad as I am.<br> +<br> +<br> +The Law.--The only thing certain about litigation is its uncertainty.<br> +<br> +<br> +The Lawyer--Learned gentleman, who rescues your estate from your enemies<br> +and keeps it for himself.<br> +<br> +<br> +A Spreadeagle Toast.--The boundaries of our country: East, by the rising<br> +sun; north, by the north pole; west by all creation; and south, by the<br> +day of judgment.<br> +<br> +<br> +When going up the bill of prosperity may you never meet a friend coming<br> +down.<br> +<br> +<br> +May the hinges of friendship never grow rusty.<br> +<br> +<br> +Come, come, good wine is a good familiar creature, if it be well<br> +used.--Shakespeare.<br> +<br> +<br> +Shall I ask the brave soldier who fights by my side in the cause of<br> +mankind whether our creeds agree?<br> +<br> +<br> +May all single men be married, and all married men be happy.<br> +<br> +<br> +Our Country's Emblem:--<br> + The lily of France may fade,<br> + The thistle and shamrock wither,<br> + The oak of England may decay,<br> + But the stars shine on forever.<br> +<br> +<br> +The Good Things of the World.--Parsons are preaching for them, lawyers<br> +are pleading for them, physicians are prescribing for them, authors are<br> +writing for them, soldiers are fighting for them, but true philosophers<br> +alone are enjoying them.<br> +<br> +<br> +My life has been like sunny skies<br> + When they are fair to view;<br> +But there never yet were lives or skies<br> + Clouds might not wander through.<br> +<br> +<br> +The Three Great American Generals.--General Peace, General Prosperity<br> +and General Satisfaction.<br> +<br> +<br> +America.--<br> + Our hearts, our hopes are all with thee,<br> + Our hearts, our hopes, our prayers, our tears,<br> + Our faith triumphant o'er our fears,<br> + Are all with thee, are all with thee.<br> +<br> +<br> +Our National Birds.--The American Eagle, the Thanksgiving Turkey: may<br> +one give us peace in all our States--and the other a piece for all our<br> +plates.<br> +<br> +<br> +OPPORTUNITY.<br> +<br> +Master of human destinies am I.<br> +Fame, Love and Fortune on my footsteps wait.<br> +Cities and fields I walk; I penetrate<br> +Deserts and seas remote, and, passing by<br> +Hovel, and mart, and palace, soon or late<br> +I knock unbidden once at every gate!<br> +If sleeping, wake--if feasting, rise before<br> +I turn away. It is the hour of fate,<br> +And they who follow me reach every state<br> +Mortals desire, and conquer every foe<br> +Condemned to failure, penury, and woe.<br> +Save death; but those who doubt or hesitate,<br> +Seek me in vain and uselessly implore:<br> +I answer not, and I return no more.<br> + +--John J. Ingalls.<br> +<br> +<br> +A health to Our Dearest.--May their purses always be heavy and their<br> +hearts always light.<br> +<br> +<br> +An Irishman's Toast.--<br> + Here's to the land of the shamrock so green,<br> + Here's to each lad and his darling colleen,<br> + Here's to the ones we love dearest and most.<br> + And may God save old Ireland--that's an Irishman's toast.<br> +<br> +<br> +Here's a health to the future,<br> + A sigh for the past.<br> +We can love and remember,<br> + And hope to the last,<br> +And for all the base lies<br> + That the almanacs hold.<br> +While there's love in the heart,<br> + We can never grow old.<br> +<br> +<br> +Some hae meat and canna' eat,<br> + And some wad eat who want it;<br> +But we hae meat and we can eat,<br> + So let the Lord be thankit.<br> + +--Burns.<br> +<br> +<br> +A little health, a little wealth,<br> + A little house and freedom,<br> +With some few friends for certain ends,<br> + But little cause to need 'em.<br> +<br> +If I were a raindrop and you a leaf,<br> + I would burst from the cloud above you,<br> +And lie on your breast in a rapture of rest,<br> + And love you--love you--love you.<br> +<br> +<br> +If I were a brown bee and you were a rose,<br> + I would fly to you, love, nor miss you;<br> +I would sip and sip from your nectared lip,<br> + And kiss you--kiss you--kiss you.<br> + +--Ella Wheeler Wilcox, in Three Women.<br> +<br> +<br> +Strange--is it not?--that of the myriads who<br> +Before us passed the door of darkness through,<br> + Not one returns to tell us of the road,<br> +Which to discover, we must travel too?<br> + +--Omar.<br> +<br> +<br> +Away with the flimsy idea that life with a past is attended.<br> +There's now--only now--and no past. There's never a past; it has ended.<br> +Away with the obsolete story and all of its yesterday sorrow!<br> +There's only Today, almost gone, and in front of Today stands Tomorrow.<br> + +--Eugene Ware.<br> +<br> +<br> +God made man<br> + Frail as a bubble;<br> +God made Love,<br> + Love made trouble;<br> +God made the vine;<br> + Was it a sin<br> +That man made wine<br> + To drown trouble in?<br> +<br> +<br> +"My character may be my own, but my reputation belongs to any old body<br> +that enjoys gossiping more than telling the truth."<br> +<br> +<br> +May your joy be as deep as the ocean,<br> +Your trouble as light as its foam.<br> +<br> +<br> +The man that has no music in himself,<br> +Nor is not moved with concord of sweet sounds,<br> +Is fit for treasons, stratagems and spoils;<br> +The motions of his spirit are dull as night,<br> +And his affections dark as Erebus.<br> +Let no such man be trusted.<br> +Mark the music.<br> + +--Shakespeare.<br> +<br> +<br> +See the mountains kiss high heaven,<br> + And the waves clasp one another;<br> +No sister flower would be forgiven<br> + If it disdained its brother;<br> +And the sunlight clasps the earth,<br> + And the moonbeams kiss the sea;<br> +What are all these kissings worth,<br> + If thou kiss not me?<br> + +--Percy Bysshe Shelley.<br> +<br> +<br> +Jest a-wearyin' for you,<br> +All the time a-feelin' blue;<br> +Wishin' for you, wonderin' when<br> +You'll be comin' home again;<br> +Restless--don't know what to do--<br> +Jest a-wearyin' for you.<br> + +--Frank Stanton.<br> +<br> +<br> +Here's to Love, the worker of miracles. He strengthens the weak and<br> +weakens the strong; he turns wise men into fools and fools into wise<br> +men; he feeds the passions and destroys reason, and plays havoc among<br> +young and old!<br> + +--Marguerite de Valois.<br> +<br> +<br> +"Good Bye, God Bless You."<br> +<br> +I like the Anglo--Saxon speech<br> + With its direct revealings;<br> +It takes a hold, and seems to reach<br> + Way down into our feelings<br> +That Some folks deem it rude, I know,<br> + And therefore they abuse it;<br> +But I have never found it so--<br> + Before all else I choose it.<br> +I don't object that men should air<br> + The Gallic they have paid for,<br> +With "Au revoir," "Adieu, ma chere,"<br> + For that's what French was made for.<br> +But when a crony takes your hand<br> + At parting to address you,<br> +He drops all foreign lingo and<br> + He says, "Good--bye, God bless you."<br> + +--Eugene Field.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">LANGUAGE OF PRECIOUS STONES.</span><br> +<br> +The ancients attributed marvelous properties to many of the precious<br> +stones. We give in tabular form the different months and the stones<br> +sacred to them, as generally accepted, with their respective meanings.<br> +It has been customary among lovers and friends to notice the<br> +significance attached to the various stones in making birthday,<br> +engagement and wedding presents.<br> +<br> +January, Garnet.--Constancy and fidelity in every engagement.<br> +<br> +February, Amethyst--Preventive against violent passions.<br> +<br> +March, Bloodstone--Courage, wisdom and firmness in affection.<br> +<br> +April, Sapphire--Free from enchantment; denotes repentance.<br> +<br> +May, Emerald--Discovers false friends, and insures true love.<br> +<br> +June, Agate--Insures long life, health and prosperity.<br> +<br> +July, Ruby--Discovers poison; corrects evils resulting from mistaken<br> +friendship.<br> +<br> +August, Sardonyx--Insures conjugal felicity.<br> +<br> +September, Chrysolite--Free from all evil passions and sadness of the<br> +mind.<br> +<br> +October, Opal--Denotes hope, and sharpens the sight and faith of the<br> +possessor.<br> +<br> +November, Topaz--Fidelity and friendship. Prevents bad dreams.<br> +<br> +December, Turquoise--Prosperity in love.<br> +<br> +<br> +Tiffany's list of birth stones is somewhat different from the above and<br> +is given below:<br> +<br> +Birth Stones. (As given by Tiffany & Co.)<br> +<br> +January--Garnet.<br> +<br> +February--Amethyst, hyacinth, pearl.<br> +<br> +March--Jasper, bloodstone.<br> +<br> +April--Diamond, sapphire.<br> +<br> +May--Emerald, agate.<br> +<br> +June--Cat's-eye, turquoise, agate.<br> +<br> +July--Turquoise, onyx.<br> +<br> +August--Sardonyx, carnelian, moonstone, topaz.<br> +<br> +September--Chrysolite.<br> +<br> +October--Beryl, opal.<br> +<br> +November--Topaz, pearl.<br> +<br> +December--Ruby, bloodstone.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">GRAMMAR-SPELLING-PRONUNCIATION</span><br> +<br> +Five Hundred Common Errors Corrected<br> +<br> +Concise Rules for the Proper Use of Words in Writing or Speaking.<br> +<br> +The most objectionable errors in speaking or writing are those in which<br> +words are employed that are unsuitable to convey the meaning intended.<br> +Thus, a person wishing to express his intention of going to a given<br> +place says, "I propose going," when, in fact, he purposes going. The<br> +following affords an amusing illustration of this class of error: A<br> +venerable matron was speaking of her son, who, she said, was quite<br> +stage-struck: "In fact," remarked the old lady, "he is going to a<br> +premature performance this evening!" Considering that most amateur<br> +performances are premature, it cannot be said that this word was<br> +altogether misapplied, though, evidently, the maternal intention was to<br> +convey quite another meaning.<br> +<br> +Other errors arise from the substitution of sounds similar to the words<br> +which should be employed; that is, spurious words instead of genuine<br> +ones. Thus, some people say "renumerative," when they mean<br> +"remunerative." A nurse, recommending her mistress to have a<br> +perambulator for her child, advised her to purchase a preamputator!<br> +<br> +Other errors are occasioned by imperfect knowledge of English grammar;<br> +thus, many people say, "Between you and I," instead of "Between you and<br> +me." And there are numerous other departures from the rules of grammar,<br> +which will be pointed out hereafter.<br> +<br> +Misuse of the Adjective--"What beautiful butter!" "What a nice<br> +landscape!" They should say, "What a beautiful landscape!" "What nice<br> +butter!" Again, errors are frequently occasioned by the following<br> +causes:<br> +<br> +Mispronunciation of Words--Many persons say pronoun-ciation instead of<br> +pronunciation; others say pro-nun-ce-a-shun, instead of<br> +pro-nun-she-a-shun.<br> +<br> +Misdivision of Words and Syllables--This defect makes the words an<br> +ambassador sound like a nambassador, or an adder like a nadder.<br> +<br> +Imperfect Enunciation--As when a person says hebben for heaven, ebber<br> +for ever, jocholate for chocolate.<br> +<br> +To correct these errors by a systematic course of study would involve a<br> +closer application than most persons could afford, but the simple and<br> +concise rules and hints here given, founded upon usage and the authority<br> +of scholars, will be of great assistance to inquirers.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">ENGLISH GRAMMAR IN A NUTSHELL.</span><br> +<br> +Who and whom are used in relation to persons, and which in relation to<br> +things. But it was once common to say, "the man which." This should now<br> +be avoided. It is now usual to say, "Our Father who art in heaven,"<br> +instead of "which art in heaven."<br> +<br> +Whose is, however, sometimes applied to things as well as to persons. We<br> +may therefore say, "The country whose inhabitants are free."<br> +<br> +Thou is employed in solemn discourse, and you in common language. Ye<br> +(plural) is also used in serious addresses, and you in familiar<br> +language.<br> +<br> +The uses of the word it are various, and very perplexing to the<br> +uneducated. It is not only used to imply persons, but things, and even<br> +ideas, and therefore in speaking or writing, its assistance is<br> +constantly required. The perplexity respecting this word arises from the<br> +fact that in using it in the construction of a long sentence, sufficient<br> +care is not taken to insure that when it is employed it really points<br> +out or refers to the object intended. For instance, "It was raining when<br> +John set out in his cart to go to market, and he was delayed so long<br> +that it was over before he arrived." Now what is to be understood by<br> +this sentence: Was the rain over? or the market? Either or both might be<br> +inferred from the construction of the sentence, which, therefore, should<br> +be written thus: "It was raining when John set out in his cart to go to<br> +market, and he was delayed so long that the market was over before he<br> +arrived."<br> +<br> +Rule--After writing a sentence always look through it, and see that<br> +wherever the word it is employed, it refers to or carries the mind back<br> +to the object which it is intended to point out.<br> +<br> +The general distinction between this and that may be thus defined: this<br> +denotes an object present or near, in time or place; that something<br> +which is absent.<br> +<br> +These refers, in the same manner, to present objects, while those refers<br> +to things that are remote.<br> +<br> +Who changes, under certain conditions, into whose and whom; but that and<br> +which always remain the same, with the exception of the possessive case,<br> +as noted above.<br> +<br> +That may be applied to nouns or subjects of all sorts; as, the girl that<br> +went to school, the dog that bit me, the opinion that he entertains.<br> +<br> +The misuse of these pronouns gives rise to more errors in speaking and<br> +writing than any other cause.<br> +<br> +When you wish to distinguish between two or more persons, say: "Which is<br> +the happy man?" not who--"Which of those ladies to you admire?"<br> +<br> +Instead of "Whom do you think him to be?" say, "Who do you think him to<br> +be?"<br> +<br> +Whom should I see.<br> +<br> +To whom do you speak?<br> +<br> +Who said so?<br> +<br> +Who gave it to you?<br> +<br> +Of whom did you procure them?<br> +<br> +Who was he?<br> +<br> +Who do men say that I am?<br> +<br> +Self should never be added to his, their, mine or thine.<br> +<br> +Each is used to denote every individual of a number.<br> +<br> +Every denotes all the individuals of a number.<br> +<br> +Either and or denote an alternative: "I will take either road, at your<br> +pleasure;" "I will take this or that."<br> +<br> +Neither means not either, and nor means not the other. Either is<br> +sometimes used for each--"Two thieves were crucified, on either side<br> +one."<br> +<br> +"Let each esteem others as good as themselves," should be, "Let each<br> +esteem others as good as himself."<br> +<br> +"There are bodies each of which are so small," should be, "each of which<br> +is so small."<br> +<br> +Do not use double superlatives, such as most straightest, most highest,<br> +most finest.<br> +<br> +The term worser has gone out of use; but lesser is stilt retained.<br> +<br> +The use of such words as chiefest, extreamest, etc., has become<br> +obsolete, because they do not give any superior force to the meanings of<br> +the primary words, chief, extreme, etc.<br> +<br> +Such expressions as more impossible, more indispensable, more universal,<br> +more uncontrollable, more unlimited, etc., are objectionable, as they<br> +really enfeeble the meaning which it is the object of the speaker or<br> +writer to strengthen. For instance, impossible gains no strength by<br> +rendering it more impossible. This class of error is common with persons<br> +who say, "A great large house," "A great big animal," "A little small<br> +foot," "A tiny little hand."<br> +<br> +Here, there and where, originally denoting place, may now, by common<br> +consent, be used to denote other meanings, such as, "There I agree with<br> +you," "Where we differ," "We find pain where we expected pleasure,"<br> +"Here you mistake me."<br> +<br> +Hence, whence and thence, denoting departure, etc., may be used without<br> +the word from. The idea of from is included in the word<br> +whence--therefore it is unnecessary to say "From whence."<br> +<br> +Hither, thither and whither, denoting to a place, have generally been<br> +superseded by here, there and where. But there is no good reason why<br> +they should not be employed. If, however, they are used, it is<br> +unnecessary to add the word to, because that is implied--"Whither are<br> +you going?" "Where are you going?" Each of these sentences is complete.<br> +To say, "Where are you going to?" is redundant.<br> +<br> +Two negatives destroy each other, and produce an affirmative. "Nor did<br> +he not observe them," conveys the idea that he did observe them.<br> +<br> +But negative assertions are allowable. "His manners are not impolite,"<br> +which implies that his manners are in some degree marked by politeness.<br> +<br> +Instead of "Let you and I." say "Let you and me."<br> +<br> +Instead of "I am not so tall as him," say "I am not so tall as he."<br> +<br> +When asked "Who is there?" do not answer "Me," but "I,"<br> +<br> +Instead of "For you and I," say "For you and me."<br> +<br> +Instead of "Says I," say "I said."<br> +<br> +Instead of "You are taller than me," say "You are taller than I."<br> +<br> +Instead of "I ain't," or "I arn't," say "I am not."<br> +<br> +Instead of "Whether I be present or no," say "Whether I be present or<br> +not."<br> +<br> +For "Not that I know on,"' say "Not that I know."<br> +<br> +Instead of "Was I to do so," say "Were I to do so."<br> +<br> +Instead of "I would do the same if I was him," say "I would do the same<br> +if I were he."<br> +<br> +Instead of "I had as lief go myself," say "I would as soon go myself,"<br> +or "I would rather."<br> +<br> +It is better to say "Six weeks ago" than "Six weeks back."<br> +<br> +It is better to say "Since which time," than "Since when,"<br> +<br> +It is better to say "I repeated it," than "I said so over again."<br> +<br> +Instead of "He was too young to have suffered much," say "He was too<br> +young to suffer much."<br> +<br> +Instead of "Less friends," say "Fewer friends." Less refers to quantity.<br> +<br> +Instead of "A quantity of people," say "A number of people."<br> +<br> +Instead of "He and they we know," say "Him and them."<br> +<br> +Instead of "As far as I can see," say "So far as I can see."<br> +<br> +Instead of "A new pair of gloves," say "A pair of new gloves."<br> +<br> +Instead of "I hope you'll think nothing on it," say "I hope you'll think<br> +nothing of it."<br> +<br> +Instead of "Restore it back to me," say "Restore it to me."<br> +<br> +Instead of "I suspect the veracity of his story," say "I doubt the truth<br> +of his story."<br> +<br> +Instead of "I seldom or ever see him," say "I seldom see him."<br> +<br> +Instead of "I expected to have found him," say "1 expected to find him."<br> +<br> +Instead of "Who learns you music?" say "Who teaches you music?"<br> +<br> +Instead of "I never sing whenever I can help it," say "I never sing when<br> +I can help it."<br> +<br> +Instead of "Before I do that I must first ask leave," say "Before I do<br> +that I must ask leave."<br> +<br> +Instead of saying "The observation of the rule," say "The observance of<br> +the rule,"<br> +<br> +Instead of "A man of eighty years of age," say "A man eighty years old."<br> +<br> +Instead of "Here lays his honored head," say "Here lies his honored<br> +head."<br> +<br> +Instead of "He died from negligence," say "He died through neglect," or<br> +"in consequence of neglect."<br> +<br> +Instead of "Apples are plenty," say "Apples are plentiful."<br> +<br> +Instead of "The latter end of the year," say "The end, or the close, of<br> +the year."<br> +<br> +Instead of "The then government," say "The government of that age, or<br> +century, or year, or time."<br> +<br> +Instead of "A couple of chairs," say "Two chairs."<br> +<br> +Instead of "They are united together in the bonds of matrimony," say<br> +"They are united in matrimony," or "They are married," '.<br> +<br> +Instead of "We travel slow," say "We travel slowly."<br> +<br> +Instead of "He plunged down into the river," say "He plunged into the<br> +river."<br> +<br> +Instead of "He jumped from off the scaffolding," say "He jumped off the<br> +scaffolding."<br> +<br> +Instead of "He came the last of all," say "He came the last."<br> +<br> +Instead of "universal," with reference to things that have any limit,<br> +say "general," "generally approved," instead of "universally approved,"<br> +"generally beloved," instead of "universally beloved."<br> +<br> +Instead of "They ruined one another," say "They ruined each other,"<br> +<br> +Instead of "If in case I succeed," say "If I succeed."<br> +<br> +Instead of "A large enough room," say "A room large enough."<br> +<br> +Instead of "I am slight in comparison to you," say "I am slight in<br> +comparison with you."<br> +<br> +Instead of "I went for to see him," say "I went to see him."<br> +<br> +Instead of "The cake is all eat up," say "The cake is all eaten."<br> +<br> +Instead of "Handsome is as handsome does," say "Handsome is who handsome<br> +does."<br> +<br> +Instead of "The book fell on the floor," say "The book fell to the<br> +floor."<br> +<br> +Instead of "His opinions are approved of by all," say "His opinions are<br> +approved by all."<br> +<br> +Instead of "I will add one more argument," say "I will add one argument<br> +more," or "another argument."<br> +<br> +Instead of "A sad curse is war," say "War is a sad curse."<br> +<br> +Instead of "He stands six foot high," say "He measures six feet," or<br> +"His height is six feet."<br> +<br> +Instead of "I go every now and then," say "I go sometimes (or often)."<br> +<br> +Instead of "Who finds him in clothes," say "Who provides him with<br> +clothes."<br> +<br> +Say "The first two," and "the last two" instead of "the two first" "the<br> +two last."<br> +<br> +Instead of "His health was drank with enthusiasm," say "His health was<br> +drunk enthusiastically."<br> +<br> +Instead of "Except I am prevented," say "Unless I am prevented."<br> +<br> +Instead of "In its primary sense," say "In its primitive sense."<br> +<br> +Instead of "It grieves me to see you," say "I am grieved to see you."<br> +<br> +Instead of "Give me them papers," say "Give me those papers."<br> +<br> +Instead of "Those papers I hold in my hand," say "These papers I hold in<br> +my hand."<br> +<br> +Instead of "I could scarcely imagine but what," say "I could scarcely<br> +imagine that."<br> +<br> +Instead of "He was a man notorious for his benevolence," say "He was<br> +noted for his benevolence."<br> +<br> +Instead of "She was a woman celebrated for her crimes," say "She was<br> +notorious on account of her crimes."<br> +<br> +Instead of "What may your name be?" say "What is your name?"<br> +<br> +Instead of "I lifted it up," say "I lifted it."<br> +<br> +Instead of "It is equally of the same value," say "It is of the same<br> +value," or "equal value."<br> +<br> +Instead of "I knew it previous to your telling me," say "I knew it<br> +previously to your telling me."<br> +<br> +Instead of "You was out when I called," say "You were out when I<br> +called."<br> +<br> +Instead of "I thought I should have won this game," say "I thought I<br> +should win this game."<br> +<br> +Instead of "This much is certain," say "Thus much is certain," or "So<br> +much is certain."<br> +<br> +Instead of "He went away as it may be yesterday week," say "He went away<br> +yesterday week."<br> +<br> +Instead of "He came the Saturday as it may be before the Monday,"<br> +specify the Saturday on which he came.<br> +<br> +Instead of "Put your watch in your pocket," say "Put your watch into<br> +your pocket."<br> +<br> +Instead of "He has got riches," say "He has riches."<br> +<br> +Instead of "Will you set down?" say "Will you sit down?"<br> +<br> +Instead of "No thankee," say "No, thank you."<br> +<br> +Instead of "I cannot do it without farther means," say "I cannot do it<br> +without further means."<br> +<br> +Instead of "No sooner but," or "No other but," say "than."<br> +<br> +Instead of "Nobody else but her," say "Nobody but her."<br> +<br> +Instead of "He fell down from the balloon," say "He fell from the<br> +balloon."<br> +<br> +Instead of "He rose up from the ground," say "He rose from the ground."<br> +<br> +Instead of "These kind of oranges are not good," say "This kind of<br> +oranges is not good."<br> +<br> +Instead of "Somehow or another," say "Somehow or other."<br> +<br> +Instead of "Will I give you some more tea?" say "Shall I give you some<br> +more tea?"<br> +<br> +Instead of "Oh, dear, what will I do?" say "Oh, dear, what shall I do?"<br> +<br> +Instead of "I think indifferent of it," say "I think indifferently of<br> +it."<br> +<br> +Instead of "I will send it conformable to your orders," say "I will send<br> +it conformably to your orders."<br> +<br> +Instead of "To be given away gratis," say "To be given away."<br> +<br> +Instead of "Will you enter in?" say "Will you enter?"<br> +<br> +Instead of "This three days or more," say "These three days or more."<br> +<br> +Instead of "He is a bad grammarian," say "He is not a grammarian."<br> +<br> +Instead of "We accuse him for." say "We accuse him of."<br> +<br> +Instead of "We acquit him from," say "We acquit him of."<br> +<br> +Instead of "I am averse from that," say "I am averse to that."<br> +<br> +Instead of "I confide on you," say "I confide in you."<br> +<br> +Instead of "As soon as ever." say "As soon as."<br> +<br> +Instead of "The very best," or "The very worst," say "The best or the<br> +worst."<br> +<br> +Avoid such phrases as "No great shakes," "Nothing to boast of," "Down in<br> +my boots," "Suffering from the blues." All such sentences indicate<br> +vulgarity.<br> +<br> +Instead of "No one hasn't called," say "No one has called."<br> +<br> +Instead of "You have a right to pay me," say "It is right that you<br> +should pay me."<br> +<br> +Instead of "I am going over the bridge," say "I am going across the<br> +bridge."<br> +<br> +Instead of "I should just think I could," say "I think I can."<br> +<br> +Instead of "There has been a good deal," say "There has been much."<br> +<br> +Instead of "The effort you are making for meeting the bill," say "The<br> +effort you are making to meet the bill."<br> +<br> +To say "Do not give him no more of your money," is equivalent to saying<br> +"Give him some of your money." Say "Do not give him any of your money."<br> +<br> +Instead of saying "They are not what nature designed them," say "They<br> +are not what nature designed them to be."<br> +<br> +Instead of saying "I had not the pleasure of hearing his sentiments when<br> +I wrote that letter," say "I had not the pleasure of having heard," etc.<br> +<br> +Instead of "The quality of the apples were good," say "The quality of<br> +the apples was good."<br> +<br> +Instead of "The want of learning, courage and energy are more visible,"<br> +say "is more visible."<br> +<br> +Instead of "We die for want," say "We die of want."<br> +<br> +Instead of "He died by fever," say "He died of fever."<br> +<br> +Instead of "I enjoy bad health," say "My health is not good."<br> +<br> +Instead of "Either of the three," say "Any one of the three."<br> +<br> +Instead of "Better nor that," say "Better than that."<br> +<br> +Instead of "We often think on you," say "We often think of you."<br> +<br> +Instead of "Mine is so good as yours," say "Mine is as good as yours."<br> +<br> +Instead of "This town is not as large as we thought," say "This town is<br> +not so large as we thought."<br> +<br> +Instead of "Because why?" say "Why?"<br> +<br> +Instead of "That there boy," say "That boy."<br> +<br> +Instead of "The subject-matter of debate," say "The subject of debate."<br> +<br> +Instead of saying "When he was come back," say "When he had come back."<br> +<br> +Instead of saying "His health has been shook," say "His health has been<br> +shaken."<br> +<br> +Instead of saying "It was spoke in my presence," say "It was spoken in<br> +my presence."<br> +<br> +Instead of "Very right," or "Very wrong," say "Right" or "Wrong."<br> +<br> +Instead of "The mortgagor paid him the money," say "The mortgagee paid<br> +him the money." The mortgagee lends; the mortgagor borrows.<br> +<br> +Instead of "I took you to be another person," say "I mistook you for<br> +another person."<br> +<br> +Instead of "On either side of the river," say "On each side of the<br> +river."<br> +<br> +Instead of "There's fifty," say "There are fifty."<br> +<br> +Instead of "The best of the two" say "The better of the two,"<br> +<br> +Instead of "My clothes have become too small for me" say "I have grown<br> +too stout for my clothes."<br> +<br> +Instead of "Two spoonsful of physic," say "Two spoonfuls of physic."<br> +<br> +Instead of "She said, says she," say "She said."<br> +<br> +Avoid such phrases as "I said, says I," "Thinks I to myself," etc.<br> +<br> +Instead of "I don't think so," say "I think not."<br> +<br> +Instead of "He was in eminent danger," say "He was in imminent danger."<br> +<br> +Instead of "The weather is hot," say "The weather is very warm."<br> +<br> +Instead of "I sweat," say "I perspire."<br> +<br> +Instead of "I only want two dollars," say "I want only two dollars."<br> +<br> +Instead of "Whatsomever," say "Whatever," or "Whatsoever."<br> +<br> +Avoid such exclamations as "God bless me!" "God deliver me!" "By God!"<br> +"By Gosh!" "Holy Lord!" "Upon my soul!" etc., which are vulgar on the +one<br> +hand, and savor of impiety all the other, for--"Thou shalt not take the<br> +name of the Lord thy God in vain."<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">ACCENT AND PRONUNCIATION.</span><br> +<br> +Accent is a particular stress or force of the voice upon certain<br> +syllables or words. This mark in printing denotes the syllable upon<br> +which the stress or force of the voice should be placed.<br> +<br> +A word may have more than one accent. Take as an instance aspiration. In<br> +uttering the word we give a marked emphasis of the voice upon the first<br> +and third syllables, and therefore those syllables are said to be<br> +accented. The first of these accents is less distinguishable than the<br> +second, upon which we dwell longer; therefore the second accent in point<br> +of order is called the primary, or chief accent of the word.<br> +<br> +When the full accent falls on a vowel, that vowel should have a long<br> +sound, as in vo'cal; but when it falls on or after a consonant, the<br> +preceding vowel has a short sound, as in hab'it.<br> +<br> +To obtain a good knowledge of pronunciation it is advisable for the<br> +reader to listen to the examples given by good speakers, and by educated<br> +persons. We learn the pronunciation of words, to a great extent, by<br> +imitation, just as birds acquire the notes of other birds which may be<br> +near them.<br> +<br> +But it will be very important to bear in mind that there are many words<br> +having a double meaning or application, and that the difference of<br> +meaning is indicated by the difference of the accent, Among these words,<br> +nouns are distinguished from verbs by this means: nouns are mostly<br> +accented on the first syllabic, and verbs on the last.<br> +<br> +Noun signifies name; nouns are the names of persons and things, as well<br> +as of things not material and palpable, but of which we have a<br> +conception and knowledge, such as courage, firmness, goodness, strength;<br> +and verbs express actions, movements, etc. If the word used signifies<br> +has been done, or is being done, or is, or is to be done, then that word<br> +is a verb.<br> +<br> +Thus when we say that anything is "an in'sult," that word is a noun, and<br> +is accented all the first syllable; but when we say he did it "to<br> +insult' another person," that word insult' implies acting, and becomes a<br> +verb, and should be accented on the last syllable.<br> +<br> +<br> +Simple Rules of Pronunciation.<br> +<br> +C before a, o and u, and in some other situations, is a close<br> +articulation, like k. Before e, i and y, c is precisely equivalent to s<br> +in same, this; as in cedar, civil, cypress, capacity.<br> +<br> +E final indicates that the preceding vowel is long; as in hate, mete,<br> +sire, robe, lyre, abate, recede, invite, remote, intrude.<br> +<br> +E final indicates that c preceding has the sound of s; as in lace,<br> +lance, and that g preceding has the sound of j, as in charge, page,<br> +challenge.<br> +<br> +E final in proper English words never forms a syllable, and in the most<br> +used words in the terminating unaccented syllables it is silent. Thus,<br> +motive, genuine, examine, granite, are pronounced motiv, genuin, examin,<br> +granit.<br> +<br> +E final, in a few words of foreign origin, forms a syllable; as syncope,<br> +simile.<br> +<br> +E final is silent after l in the following terminations: ble, cle, dle,<br> +fle, gle, kle, ple, tle, zle; as in able, manacle, cradle, ruffle,<br> +mangle, wrinkle, supple, rattle, puzzle, which are pronounced a'bl,<br> +mana'cl, cra'dl, ruf'fl, man'gl, wrin'kl, sup'pl, puz'zl.<br> +<br> +E is usually silent in the termination en; as in taken, broken;<br> +pronounced takn, brokn. OUS, in the termination of adjectives and their<br> +derivatives, is pronounced us; as is gracious, pious, pompously.<br> +<br> +CE, CI, TI, before a vowel, have the sound of sh; as in cetaceous,<br> +gracious, motion, partial, ingratiate; pronounced cetashus, +grashus,<br> +moshun, parshal, ingrashiate.<br> +<br> +SI, after an accented vowel, is pronounced like zh; as in Ephesian,<br> +coufusion; pronounced Ephezhan, confushon.<br> +<br> +GH, both in the middle and at the end of words is silent; as in caught,<br> +bought, fright, nigh, sigh; pronounced caut, baut, frite, ni, si. In the<br> +following exceptions, however, gh is pronounced as f: cough, chough,<br> +clough, enough, laugh, rough, slough, tough, trough.<br> +<br> +When WH begins a word, the aspirate h precedes w in pronunciation: as in<br> +what, whiff, whale; pronounced hwat, hwiff, hwale, w having precisely<br> +the sound of oo, French ou. In the following words w is silent:---who,<br> +whom, whose, whoop, whole.<br> +<br> +H after r has no sound or use; as in rheum, rhyme; pronounced reum,<br> +ryme.<br> +<br> +H should be sounded in the middle of words; as in forehead, abhor,<br> +behold, exhaust, inhabit, unhorse.<br> +<br> +H should always be sounded except in the following words:--heir, herb,<br> +honest, honor, hour, humor, and humble, and all their derivatives,--such<br> +as humorously, derived from humor.<br> +<br> +K and G are silent before n; as know, gnaw; pronounced no, naw.<br> +<br> +W before r is silent; as in wring, wreath; pronounced ring, reath.<br> +<br> +B after m is silent; as in dumb, numb; pronounced dum, num.<br> +<br> +L before k is silent; as in balk, walk, talk; pronounced bauk, wauk,<br> +tauk.<br> +<br> +PH has the sound of f; as in philosophy; pronounced filosofy.<br> +<br> +NG has two sounds, one as in singer, the other as in fin-ger.<br> +<br> +N after m, and closing a syllable, is silent; as in hymn, condemn.<br> +<br> +P before s and t is mute; as in psalm, pseudo, ptarmigan; pronounced<br> +salm, sudo, tarmigan.<br> +<br> +R has two sounds, one strong and vibrating, as at the beginning of words<br> +and syllables, such as robber, reckon, error; the other is at the<br> +termination of the words, or when succeeded by a consonant, as farmer,<br> +morn.<br> +<br> +<br> +Common Errors in Pronunciation.<br> +<br> +--ace, is not iss, as furnace, not furniss.<br> +<br> +--age, not idge, as cabbage, courage, postage, village.<br> +<br> +--ain, ane, not in, as certain, certane, not certin.<br> +<br> +--ate, not it, as moderate, not moderit.<br> +<br> +--ect, not ec, as aspect, not aspec; subject, not subjec.<br> +<br> +--ed, not id, or ud, as wicked, not wickid or wickud.<br> +<br> +--el, not l, model, not modl; novel, not novl.<br> +<br> +--en, not n, as sudden, not suddn.--Burden, burthen, garden, lengthen,<br> +seven, strengthen, often, and a few others, have the e silent.<br> +<br> +--ence, not unce, as influence, not influ-unce.<br> +<br> +--es, not is, as pleases, not pleasis.<br> +<br> +--ile should be pronounced il, as fertil, not fertile, in all words<br> +except chamomile (cam), exile, gentile, infantile, reconcile, and<br> +senile, which should be pronounced ile.<br> +<br> +--in, not n, as Latin, not Latn.<br> +<br> +--nd, not n, as husband, not husban; thousand, not thousan.<br> +<br> +--ness, not niss, as carefulness, not carefulniss.<br> +<br> +--ng, not n, as singing, not singin; speaking, not speakin.<br> +<br> +--ngth, not nth, as strength, not strenth.<br> +<br> +--son, the o should be silent; as in treason, tre-zn, not tre-son.<br> +<br> +--tal, not tle, as capital, not capitle; metal, not mettle; mortal, not<br> +mortle; periodical, not periodicle.<br> +<br> +--xt, not x, as next, not nex.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">SHORT RULES FOR SPELLING.</span><br> +<br> +Words ending in e drop that letter on taking a suffix beginning with a<br> +vowel. Exceptions--words ending in ge, ce, or oe.<br> +<br> +Final e of a primitive word is retained on taking a suffix beginning<br> +with a consonant. Exceptions--words ending in dge, and truly, duly, etc.<br> +<br> +Final y of a primitive word, when preceded by a consonant, is generally<br> +changed into i on the addition of a suffix. Exceptions--retained before<br> +ing and ish, as pitying. Words ending in ie and dropping the e by Rule<br> +1, change the i to y, as lying. Final y is sometimes changed to e, as<br> +duteous.<br> +<br> +Nouns ending in y, preceded by a vowel, form their plural by adding s; o<br> +as money, moneys. Y preceded by a consonant is changed to ies in the<br> +plural; as bounty, bounties.<br> +<br> +Final y of a primitive vowel, preceded by a vowel, should not be changed<br> +into i before a suffix; as, joyless.<br> +<br> +In words containing ei or ie, ei is used after the sound s, as ceiling,<br> +seize, except in siege and in a few words ending in cier. Inveigle,<br> +neither, leisure and weird also have ei. In other cases ie is used, as<br> +in believe, achieve.<br> +<br> +Words ending in ceous or cious, when relating to matter, end in ceous;<br> +all others in cious.<br> +<br> +Words of one syllable, ending in a consonant; with a single vowel before<br> +it, double the consonant in derivatives; as, ship, shipping, etc. But if<br> +ending in a consonant with a double vowel before it, they do not double<br> +the consonant in derivatives; as troop, trooper, etc.<br> +<br> +Words of more than one syllable, ending in a consonant preceded by a<br> +single vowel, and accented on the last syllable, double that consonant<br> +in derivatives; as commit, committed; but except chagrin, chagrined;<br> +kidnap, kidnaped.<br> +<br> +All words of one syllable ending in l, with a single vowel before it,<br> +have ll at the close; as mill, sell.<br> +<br> +All words of one syllable ending in l, with a double vowel before it,<br> +have only one l at the close: as mail, sail.<br> +<br> +The words foretell, distill, instill and fulfill retain the double ll of<br> +their primitives. Derivatives of dull, skill, will and full also retain<br> +the double ll when the accent falls on these words; as dullness,<br> +skillful, willful, fullness.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">PUNCTUATION.</span><br> +<br> +A period (.) after every declarative and every imperative sentence; as,<br> +It is true. Do right.<br> +<br> +A period is also used after every abbreviation; as, Dr., Mr., Capt.<br> +<br> +An interrogation point (?) after every question.<br> +<br> +The exclamation point (!) after exclamations; as, Alas! Oh, how lovely!<br> +<br> +Quotation marks (" ") inclose quoted expressions; as Socrates said: "I<br> +believe the soul is immortal."<br> +<br> +A colon (:) is used between parts of a sentence that are subdivided by<br> +semi-colons.<br> +<br> +A colon is used before a quotation, enumeration, or observation, that is<br> +introduced by as follows, the following, or any similar expression; as,<br> +Send me the following: 10 doz. "Armstrong's Treasury," 25 Schulte's<br> +Manual, etc.<br> +<br> +A semicolon (;) between parts that are subdivided by commas.<br> +<br> +The semicolon is used also between clauses or members that are<br> +disconnected in sense; as, Man grows old; he passes away; all is<br> +uncertain. When as, namely, that is, is used to introduce an example or<br> +enumeration, a semicolon is put before it and a comma after it; as, The<br> +night was cold; that is, for the time of year.<br> +<br> +A comma is used to set off interposed words, phrases and subordinate<br> +clauses not restrictive; as, Good deeds are never lost, though sometimes<br> +forgotten.<br> +<br> +A comma is used to set off transposed phrases and clauses, as, "When the<br> +wicked entice thee, consent thou not."<br> +<br> +A comma is used to set off interposed words, phrases and clauses; as,<br> +Let us, if we can, make others happy.<br> +<br> +A comma is used between similar or repeated words or phrases; as, The<br> +sky, the water, the trees, were illumined with sunlight.<br> +<br> +A comma is used to mark an ellipsis, or the omission of a verb or other<br> +important word.<br> +<br> +A comma is used to set off a short quotation informally introduced; as,<br> +Who said, "The good die young"?<br> +<br> +A comma is used whenever necessary to prevent ambiguity.<br> +<br> +The marks of parenthesis ( ) are used to inclose an interpolation where<br> +such interpolation is by the writer or speaker of the sentence in which<br> +it occurs. Interpolations by an editor or by anyone other than the<br> +author of the sentence should be inclosed in brackets--[ ].<br> +<br> +Dashes (--) may be used to set off a parenthetical expression, also to<br> +denote an interruption or a sudden change of thought or a significant<br> +pause.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">THE USE OF CAPITALS.</span><br> +<br> +1. Every entire sentence should begin with a capital.<br> +<br> +2. Proper names, and adjectives derived from these, should begin with a<br> +capital.<br> +<br> +3. All appellations of the Deity should begin with a capital.<br> +<br> +4. Official and honorary titles begin with a capital.<br> +<br> +5. Every line of poetry should begin with a capital.<br> +<br> +6. Titles of books and the heads of their chapters and divisions are<br> +printed in capitals.<br> +<br> +7. The pronoun I, and the exclamation O, are always capitals.<br> +<br> +8. The days of the week, and the months of the year, begin with<br> +capitals.<br> +<br> +9. Every quotation should begin with a capital letter.<br> +<br> +10. Names of religious denominations begin with capitals.<br> +<br> +11. In preparing accounts, each item should begin with a capital.<br> +<br> +12. Any word of special importance may begin with a capital.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br style="font-weight: bold;"> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">THE NAME OF GOD IN FIFTY LANGUAGES.</span><br> +<br> +Hebrew, Eleah, Jehovah;<br> +Chaldaic, Eiliah;<br> +Assyrian, Eleah;<br> +Syrian and Turkish, Alah;<br> +Malay, Alla;<br> +Arabic, Allah;<br> +Languages of the Magi, Orsi;<br> +Old Egyptian, Teut;<br> +Modern Egyptian, Teun;<br> +Armenian, Teuti;<br> +Greek, Theos;<br> +Cretan, Thios;<br> +Aedian and Dorian, Ilos;<br> +Latin, Deus;<br> +Low Latin, Diex;<br> +Celtic Gaelic, Diu;<br> +French, Dieu;<br> +Spanish, Dios;<br> +Portuguese, Deos;<br> +Old German, Diet;<br> +Provencal, Diou;<br> +Low Breton, Done;<br> +Italian, Dio;<br> +Irish, Dia;<br> +Olotu, Deu;<br> +German and Swiss, Gott;<br> +Flemish, God;<br> +Dutch, God;<br> +English, God;<br> +Teutonic, Goth;<br> +Danish and Swedish, Gud;<br> +Norwegian, Gud;<br> +Slav, Buch;<br> +Polish, Bog;<br> +Polacca, Bung;<br> +Lapp, Jubinal;<br> +Finnish, Jumala;<br> +Runic, As;<br> +Zembilian, As;<br> +Pannanlian, Istu;<br> +Tartar, Magatai;<br> +Coromandel, Brama;<br> +Persian, Sire;<br> +Chinese, Prussa;<br> +Japanese, Goezer;<br> +Madagascar, Zannar;<br> +Peruvian, Puchecammae.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">FACTS ABOUT SPONGES.</span><br> +By Albert Hart.<br> +<br> +Sponges belong to the animal kingdom, and the principal varieties used<br> +commercially are obtained off the coasts of Florida and the West Indies;<br> +the higher grades are from the Mediterranean Sea, and are numerous in<br> +variety.<br> +<br> +A sponge in its natural state is a different-looking object from what we<br> +see in commerce, resembling somewhat the appearance of the jelly fish,<br> +or a mass of liver, the entire surface being covered with a thin, slimy<br> +skin, usually of a dark color, and perforated to correspond with the<br> +apertures of the canals commonly called "holes of the sponge." The<br> +sponge of commerce is, in reality, only the skeleton of a sponge. The<br> +composition of this skeleton varies in the different kinds of sponges,<br> +but in the commercial grades it consists of interwoven horny fibers,<br> +among and supporting which are epiculae of silicious matter in greater<br> +or less numbers, and having a variety of forms. The fibers consist of a<br> +network of fibriles, whose softness and elasticity determine the<br> +commercial quality of a given sponge. The horny framework is perforated<br> +externally by very minute pores, and by a less number of larger<br> +openings. These are parts of an interesting double canal system, an<br> +external and an internal, or a centripetal and a centrifugal. At the<br> +smaller openings on the sponge's surface channels begin, which lead into<br> +dilated spaces. In these, in turn, channels arise, which eventually<br> +terminate in the large openings. Through these channels or canals<br> +definite currents are constantly maintained, which are essential to the<br> +life of the sponge. The currents enter through the small apertures and<br> +emerge through the large ones.<br> +<br> +The active part of the sponge, that is, the part concerned in nutrition<br> +and growth, is a soft, fleshy mass, partly filling the meshes and lining<br> +the canals. It consists largely of cells having different functions;<br> +some utilized in the formation of the framework, some in digestion and<br> +others in reproduction. Lining the dilated spaces into which different<br> +canals lead are cells surmounted by whip-like processes. The motion of<br> +these processes produces and maintains the water currents, which carry<br> +the minute food products to the digestive cells in the same cavities.<br> +Sponges multiply by the union of sexual product. Certain cells of the<br> +fleshy pulp assume the character of ova, and others that of spermatozoa.<br> +Fertilization takes place within the sponge. The fertilized eggs, which<br> +are called larvae, pass out into the currents of the water, and, in the<br> +course of twenty-four to forty-eight hours, they settle and become<br> +attached to rocks and other hard substances, and in time develop into<br> +mature sponges. The depth of the water in which sponges grow varies from<br> +10 to 50 feet in Florida, but considerably more in the Mediterranean<br> +Sea, the finer grades being found in the deepest water, having a<br> +temperature of 50 to 57 degrees.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br style="font-weight: bold;"> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">DON'T BE BURIED ALIVE.</span><br> +<br> +From time to time we are horrified by learning that some person has been<br> +buried alive, after assurances have been given of death. Under these<br> +circumstances the opinion of a rising French physician upon the subject<br> +becomes of world-wide interest, for since the tests which have been in<br> +use for years have been found unreliable no means should be left untried<br> +to prove beyond a doubt that life is actually extinct before conveying<br> +our loved ones to the grave.<br> +<br> +Dr. Martinot, as reported in the New York Journal, asserts that an<br> +unfailing test may be made by producing a blister on the hand or foot of<br> +the body by holding the flame of a candle to the same for a few seconds,<br> +or until the blister is formed which will always occur. If the blister<br> +contains any fluid it is evidence of life, and the blister only that<br> +produced by an ordinary burn. If, on the contrary, the blister contains<br> +only steam, it may be asserted that life is extinct. The explanation is<br> +as follows:<br> +<br> +A corpse, says Dr. Martinot, is nothing more than inert matter, under<br> +the immediate control of physical laws which cause all liquid heated to<br> +a certain temperature to become steam; the epidermis is raised, the<br> +blister produced; it breaks with a little noise, and the steam escapes.<br> +But if, in spite of all appearances, there is any remnant of life, the<br> +organic mechanism continues to be governed by physiological laws, and<br> +the blister will contain serous matter, as in the case of any ordinary<br> +burns.<br> +<br> +The test is as simple as the proof is conclusive. Dry blister: death.<br> +Liquid blister: life. Any one may try it; there is no error possible.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">HOW TO SERVE WINE.</span><br> +<br> +A fine dinner may be spoiled by not serving the proper wine at the<br> +proper time and at the proper temperature.<br> +<br> +A white wine (Sauterne, Riesling, Moselle, etc.) should be used from the<br> +beginning of the meal to the time the roast or game comes on. With the<br> +roast serve red wine, either claret or Burgundy.<br> +<br> +Use sparkling wines after the roast.<br> +<br> +With dessert, serve apricot cordial.<br> +<br> +Never serve red wine with soup or fish, and never a white wine with<br> +game.<br> +<br> +<br> +Storage, Temperature, Etc.<br> +<br> +Store your wines in the cellar at 50 to 60 degrees.<br> +<br> +All bottles should lie flat so that the cork is continually moist.<br> +<br> +This rule should be specially observed with sparkling wines. Sparkling<br> +wine should be served ice cold.<br> +<br> +Put the wine on the ice--not ice in the wine.<br> +<br> +Serve red wine at only about 5 degrees cooler than the dining-room.<br> +<br> +White wine should be about 15 degrees cooler than the temperature of the<br> +room.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">THE STEPS IN THE GROWTH OF AMERICAN +LIBERTY.</span><br style="font-weight: bold;"> +<br style="font-weight: bold;"> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">MAGNA CHARTA.</span><br> +<br> +About seven hundred years ago there was organized a movement which<br> +resulted in the great charter of English liberty--a movement which<br> +foreshadowed the battle of our American forefathers for political<br> +independence. On the 25th of August, 1213, the prelates and Barons,<br> +tiring of the tyranny and vacillation of King John, formed a council and<br> +passed measures to secure their rights. After two years of contest, with<br> +many vicissitudes, the Barons entered London and the King fled into<br> +Hampshire. By agreement both parties met at Runnymede on the 9th of<br> +June, 1215, and after several days' debate, on June 15, Magna Charta<br> +(the Great Charter), the glory of England, was signed and sealed by the<br> +sovereign. The Magna Charta is a comprehensive bill of rights, and,<br> +though crude in form, and with many clauses of merely local value, its<br> +spirit still lives and will live. Clear and prominent we find the motto,<br> +"No tax without representation." The original document is in Latin and<br> +contains sixty-one articles, of which the 39th and 40th, embodying the<br> +very marrow of our own State constitutions, are here given as translated<br> +in the English statutes:<br> +<br> +"39. No freeman shall be taken or imprisoned or be disseised of his<br> +freehold, or liberties or free customs, or be otherwise destroped<br> +[damaged], nor will be press upon him nor seize upon him [condemn him]<br> +but by lawful judgment of his peers or by the law of the land.<br> +<br> +"40. We will sell to no man, we will not deny or defer to any man,<br> +either right or justice."<br> +<br> +The Great Charter recognizes a popular tribunal as a check on the<br> +official judges and may be looked upon as the foundation of the writ of<br> +Habeas Corpus. It provides that no one is to be condemned on rumor or<br> +suspicion, but only on the evidence of witnesses. It affords protection<br> +against excessive emercements, illegal distresses and various processes<br> +for debts and service due to the crown. Fines are in all cases to be<br> +proportionate to the magnitude of the offense, and even the villein or<br> +rustic is not to be deprived of his necessary chattels. There are<br> +provisions regarding the forfeiture of land for felony. The testamentary<br> +power of the subject is recognized over part of his personal estate, and<br> +the rest to be divided between his widow and children. The independence<br> +of the church is also provided for. These are the most important<br> +features of the Great Charter, which, exacted by men with arms in their<br> +hands from a resisting king, occupies so conspicuous a place in history,<br> +which establishes the supremacy of the law of England over the will of<br> +the monarch, and which still forms the basis of English liberties.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">THE MECKLENBURG DECLARATION</span><br> +<br> +More than a year before the signing of the Declaration of Independence a<br> +document was drawn up that was almost a model in phraseology and<br> +sentiment of the great charter of American freedom. There are various<br> +accounts of this matter, but the most trustworthy is this:<br> +<br> +At a public meeting of the residents of Mecklenburg County, North<br> +Carolina, held at Charlotte on the 20th of May, 1775, it was<br> +<br> +"Resolved, That whenever directly or indirectly abetted, or in any way,<br> +form or manner countenanced, the unchartered and dangerous invasion of<br> +our rights, as claimed by Great Britain, is an enemy to our country--to<br> +America--and to the inherent and inalienable rights of man.<br> +<br> +"Resolved, That we, the citizens of Mecklenburg County, do hereby<br> +dissolve the political bonds which have connected us to the mother<br> +country, and hereby absolve ourselves from all allegiance to the British<br> +crown, and abjure all political connection, contract or association with<br> +that nation, which has wantonly trampled on our rights and liberties,<br> +and inhumanly shed the blood of American patriots at Lexington.<br> +<br> +"Resolved, That we do hereby declare ourselves a free and independent<br> +people; are and of right ought to be a sovereign and self-governing<br> +association, under the control of no power other than that of our God<br> +and the general government of the Congress. To the maintenance of which<br> +independence we solemnly pledge to each other our mutual cooperation,<br> +our lives, our fortunes, and our sacred honor."<br> +<br> +There are two other resolutions, concerning the militia and the<br> +administration of the law, but these, having no present value, are here<br> +omitted.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br style="font-weight: bold;"> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE.</span><br + style="font-weight: bold;"> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">In Congress, July 4, 1776</span>.<br> +<br> +When, in the course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people<br> +to dissolve the political bonds which have connected them with another,<br> +and to assume, among the powers of the earth, the separate and equal<br> +station to which the laws of Nature and Nature's God entitle them, a<br> +decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should<br> +declare the causes which impel them to the separation.<br> +<br> +We hold these truths to be self-evident: that all men are created equal;<br> +that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights;<br> +that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. That<br> +to secure these rights, governments are instituted among men, deriving<br> +their just powers from the consent of the governed; that whenever any<br> +form of government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the right of<br> +the people to alter or to abolish it, and to institute a new government,<br> +laying its foundation on such principles, and organizing its powers in<br> +such form as to them shall seem most likely to effect their safety and<br> +happiness. Prudence, indeed, will dictate that governments long<br> +established should not be changed for light and transient causes; and<br> +accordingly all experience has shown that mankind are more disposed to<br> +suffer, while evils are sufferable, than to right themselves by<br> +abolishing the forms to which they are accustomed. But when a long train<br> +of abuses and usurpations, pursuing invariably the same object, evinces<br> +a design to reduce them under absolute despotism, it is their right, it<br> +is their duty, to throw off such government, and to provide new guards<br> +for their future security. Such has been the patient sufferance of these<br> +colonies, and such is now the necessity which constrains them to alter<br> +their former systems of government. The history of the present King of<br> +Great Britain is a history of repeated injuries and usurpations, all<br> +having in direct object the establishment of an absolute tyranny over<br> +these States. To prove this, let facts be submitted to a candid world.<br> +<br> +He has refused his assent to laws the most wholesome and necessary for<br> +the public good.<br> +<br> +He has forbidden his governors to pass laws of immediate and pressing<br> +importance, unless suspended in their operation till his assent should<br> +be obtained; and when so suspended, he has utterly neglected to attend<br> +to them.<br> +<br> +He has refused to pass other laws for the accommodation of large<br> +districts of people, unless those people would relinquish the right of<br> +representation in the legislature--a right inestimable to them,<br> +formidable to tyrants only.<br> +<br> +He has called together legislative bodies at places unusual,<br> +uncomfortable, and distant from the depository of their public records,<br> +for the sole purpose of fatiguing them into compliance with his<br> +measures.<br> +<br> +He has dissolved representative houses repeatedly, for opposing with<br> +manly firmness his invasions on the rights of the people.<br> +<br> +He has refused, for a long time after such dissolutions, to cause others<br> +to be elected; whereby the legislative powers, incapable of<br> +annihilation, have returned to the people at large, for their exercise,<br> +the state remaining, in the meantime, exposed to all the dangers of<br> +invasion from without, and convulsions within.<br> +<br> +He has endeavored to prevent the population of these States; for that<br> +purpose obstructing the laws for naturalization of foreigners, refusing<br> +to pass others to encourage their migration hither, and raising<br> +conditions of new appropriation of lands. He has obstructed the<br> +administration of justice, by refusing his assent to laws establishing<br> +judiciary powers.<br> +<br> +He has made judges dependent on his will alone for the tenure of their<br> +offices and the amount and payment of their salaries.<br> +<br> +He has erected a multitude of new offices, and sent hither swarms of<br> +officers, to harass our people, and to eat out their substance.<br> +<br> +He has kept among us, in times of peace, standing armies, without the<br> +consent of our legislatures.<br> +<br> +He has affected to render the military independent of, and superior to,<br> +the civil power.<br> +<br> +He has combined with others to subject us to a jurisdiction foreign to<br> +our constitution, and unacknowledged by our laws; giving his assent to<br> +their acts of pretended legislation:<br> +<br> +For quartering large bodies of armed troops among us. For protecting<br> +them, by mock trial, from punishment for any murders which they should<br> +commit on the inhabitants of these States.<br> +<br> +For cutting off our trade with all parts of the world. For imposing<br> +taxes on us without our consent.<br> +<br> +For depriving us, in many cases, of the benefits of trial by jury.<br> +<br> +For transporting us beyond the seas to be tried for pretended offenses.<br> +<br> +For abolishing the free system of English laws in a neighboring<br> +province, establishing therein an arbitrary government, and enlarging<br> +its boundaries, so as to render it at once an example and fit instrument<br> +for introducing the same absolute rule into these colonies.<br> +<br> +For taking away our charters, abolishing our most valuable laws, and<br> +altering, fundamentally, the forms of our governments.<br> +<br> +For suspending our own legislatures and declaring themselves invested<br> +with power to legislate for us in all cases whatsoever.<br> +<br> +He has abdicated government here, by declaring us out of his protection,<br> +and waging war against us.<br> +<br> +He has plundered our seas, ravaged our coasts, burnt our towns, and<br> +destroyed the lives of our people.<br> +<br> +He is, at this time, transporting large armies of foreign mercenaries,<br> +to complete the works of death, desolation and tyranny, already begun<br> +with circumstances of cruelty and perfidy scarcely paralleled in the<br> +most barbarous ages, and totally unworthy the head of a civilized<br> +nation.<br> +<br> +He has constrained our fellow-citizens, taken captive on the high seas,<br> +to bear arms against their country, to become the executioners of their<br> +friends and brethren, or to fall themselves by their hands.<br> +<br> +He has excited domestic insurrection among us, and has endeavored to<br> +bring on the inhabitants of our frontiers the merciless Indian savages,<br> +whose known rule of warfare is an undistinguished destruction of all<br> +ages, sexes and conditions.<br> +<br> +In every stage of these oppressions we have petitioned for redress in<br> +the most humble terms; our repeated petitions have been answered only by<br> +repeated injury. A prince whose character is thus marked by every act<br> +which may define a tyrant is unfit to be ruler of a free people.<br> +<br> +Nor have we been wanting in attention to our British brethren. We have<br> +warned them, from time to time, of attempts by their legislature to<br> +extend an unwarrantable jurisdiction over us. We have reminded them of<br> +the circumstances of our emigration and settlement here. We have<br> +appealed to their native justice and magnanimity; and we have conjured<br> +them, by the ties of our common kindred, to disavow these usurpations,<br> +which would inevitably interrupt our connection and correspondence.<br> +They, too, have been deaf to the voice of justice and of consanguinity.<br> +We must, therefore, acquiesce in the necessity which denounces our<br> +separation, and hold them, as we hold the rest of mankind, enemies in<br> +war, in peace friends.<br> +<br> +We, therefore, the representatives of the United States of America, in<br> +general Congress assembled, appealing to the supreme Judge of the world<br> +for the rectitude of our intentions, do, in the name and by the<br> +authority of the good people of these colonies, solemnly publish and<br> +declare that these United Colonies are, and of right ought to be, free<br> +and independent States; that they are absolved from all allegiance to<br> +the British crown, and that all political connection between them and<br> +the state of Great Britain is, and ought to be, totally dissolved; and<br> +that, as free and independent States, they have full power to levy war,<br> +conclude peace, contract alliances, establish commerce and to do all<br> +other acts and things which independent States may of right do. And for<br> +the support of this declaration, with a firm reliance on the protection<br> +of Divine Providence, we mutually pledge to each other our lives, our<br> +fortunes and our sacred honor.<br> +<br> +The foregoing declaration was, by order of the Congress, engrossed, and<br> +signed by the following members:<br> +<br> +JOHN HANCOCK<br> +<br> +New Hampshire--Josiah Bartlett, William Whipple, Matthew Thornton.<br> +<br> +Massachusetts Bay--Samuel Adams, John Adams, Robert Treat Paine,<br> +Elbridge Gerry.<br> +<br> +Rhode Island--Stephen Hopkins, William Ellery.<br> +<br> +Connecticut--Roger Sherman, Samuel Huntington, William Williams, Oliver<br> +Wolcott<br> +<br> +New York--William Floyd, Philip Livingston, Francis Lewis, Lewis Morris.<br> +<br> +New Jersey--Richard Stockton. John Witherspoon, Francis Hopkinson, John<br> +Hart, Abraham Clark.<br> +<br> +Pennsylvania--Robert Morris, Benjamin Rush, Benjamin Franklin, John<br> +Morton, George Clymer, James Smith, George Taylor, James Wilson, George<br> +Ross.<br> +<br> +Delaware--Caesar Rodney, George Read, Thomas McKean.<br> +<br> +Maryland--Samuel Chase, William Paco, Thomas Stone, Charles Carroll, of<br> +Carrollton.<br> +<br> +Virginia--George Wythe, Richard Henry Lee, Thomas Jefferson, Benjamin<br> +Harrison, Thomas Nelson, Jr., Francis Lightfoot Lee, Carter Braxton.<br> +<br> +North Carolina--William Hooper, Joseph Hewes, John Penn.<br> +<br> +South Carolina--Edward Rutledge, Thomas Heyward, Jr., Thomas Lynch, Jr.,<br> +Arthur Middleton.<br> +<br> +Georgia--Button Gwinett, Lyman Hall, George Walton.<br> +<br> +<br> +The following clause formed part of the original Declaration of<br> +Independence as signed, but was finally left out of the printed copies<br> +"out of respect to South Carolina":<br> +<br> +"He [King George III.] has waged cruel war against human nature itself,<br> +violating its most sacred rights of life and liberty in the persons of a<br> +distant people who never offended him, captivating and carrying them<br> +into slavery in another hemisphere or to incur miserable death in their<br> +transportation thither."<br> +<br> +<br> +<br style="font-weight: bold;"> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">THE CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES</span>.<br> +<br> +We, the people of the United States, in order to form a more perfect<br> +union, establish justice, insure domestic tranquillity, provide for the<br> +common defense, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of<br> +liberty to ourselves and our posterity, do ordain and establish this<br> +Constitution for the United States of America.<br> +<br> +Article I.<br> +<br> +SECTION I.<br> +<br> +1. All legislative powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress<br> +of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of<br> +Representatives.<br> +<br> +SECTION II.<br> +<br> +1. The House of Representatives shall be composed of members chosen<br> +every second year by the people of the several States; and the electors<br> +in each State shall have the qualifications requisite for electors of<br> +the most numerous branch of the State legislature.<br> +<br> +2. No person shall be a representative who shall not have attained to<br> +the age of twenty-five years, and have been seven years a citizen of the<br> +United States, and who shall not, when elected, be an inhabitant of that<br> +State in which he shall be chosen.<br> +<br> +3. Representative and direct taxes shall be apportioned among the<br> +several States which may be included within this Union, according to<br> +their respective numbers, which shall be determined by adding to the<br> +whole number of free persons, including those bound to service for a<br> +term of years, and excluding Indians not taxed, three-fifths of all<br> +other persons. The actual enumeration shall be made within three years<br> +after the first meeting of the Congress of the United States, and within<br> +every subsequent term of ten years, in such manner as they shall by law<br> +direct. The number of representatives shall not exceed one for every<br> +thirty thousand, but each State shall have at least one representative;<br> +and until such enumeration shall be made, the State of New Hampshire<br> +shall be entitled to choose three; Massachusetts, eight; Rhode Island<br> +and Providence Plantations, one; Connecticut, five; New York, six; New<br> +Jersey, four; Pennsylvania, eight; Delaware, one; Maryland, six;<br> +Virginia, ten; North Carolina, five; South Carolina, five, and Georgia,<br> +three.<br> +<br> +4. When vacancies happen in the representation from any State, the<br> +executive authority thereof shall issue writs of election to fill such<br> +vacancies.<br> +<br> +5. The House of Representatives shall choose their speaker and other<br> +officers; and shall have the sole power of impeachment.<br> +<br> +SECTION III.<br> +<br> +1. The Senate of the United States shall be composed of two senators<br> +from each State, chosen by the legislature thereof, for six years; and<br> +each senator shall have one vote.<br> +<br> +2. Immediately after they shall be assembled in consequence of the first<br> +election, they shall be divided as equally as may be into three classes.<br> +The seats of the senators of the first class shall be vacated at the<br> +expiration of the second year, of the second class at the expiration of<br> +the fourth year, and of the third class at the expiration of the sixth<br> +year, so that one-third may be chosen every second year; and if<br> +vacancies happen by resignation, or otherwise, during the recess of the<br> +legislature of any State, the executive thereof may make temporary<br> +appointments until the next meeting of the legislature, which shall then<br> +fill such vacancies.<br> +<br> +3. No person shall be a senator who shall not have attained to the age<br> +of thirty years, and been nine years a citizen of the United States, and<br> +who shall not, when elected, be an inhabitant of that State for which he<br> +shall be chosen.<br> +<br> +4. The Vice-President of the United States shall be president of the<br> +Senate, but shall have no vote unless they be equally divided.<br> +<br> +5. The Senate shall choose their other officers, and also a president<br> +pro tempore, in the absence of the Vice-President, or when he shall<br> +exercise the office of President of the United States.<br> +<br> +6. The Senate shall have the sole power to try all impeachments. When<br> +sitting for that purpose they shall be on oath or affirmation. When the<br> +President of the United States is tried, the Chief Justice shall<br> +preside; and no person shall be convicted without the concurrence of<br> +two-thirds of the members present.<br> +<br> +7. Judgment, in cases of impeachment, shall not extend further than to<br> +removal from office, disqualification to hold and enjoy any office of<br> +honor, trust or profit under the United States; but the party convicted<br> +shall nevertheless be liable and subject to indictment, trial, judgment<br> +and punishment, according to law.<br> +<br> +SECTION IV.<br> +<br> +1. The times, places and manner of holding elections for senators and<br> +representatives shall be prescribed in each State by the legislature<br> +thereof; but the Congress may at any time by law make or alter such<br> +regulations, except as to the places of choosing senators.<br> +<br> +2. The Congress shall assemble at least once in every year; and such<br> +meeting shall be on the first Monday in December, unless they shall by<br> +law appoint a different day.<br> +<br> +SECTION V.<br> +<br> +1. Each house shall be the judge of the election, returns and<br> +qualifications of its own members, and a majority of each shall<br> +constitute a quorum to do business; but a smaller number may adjourn<br> +from day to day and may be authorized to compel the attendance of absent<br> +members, in such manner and under such penalties as each house may<br> +provide.<br> +<br> +2. Each house may determine the rules of its proceedings, punish its<br> +members for disorderly behavior, and, with the concurrence of<br> +two-thirds, expel a member.<br> +<br> +3. Each house shall keep a journal of its proceedings, and from time to<br> +time publish the same, excepting such parts as in their judgment require<br> +secrecy; and the yeas and nays of the members of either house on any<br> +question shall, at the desire of one-fifth of those present, be entered<br> +on the journal.<br> +<br> +4. Neither house, during the Session of Congress, shall, without the<br> +consent of the other, adjourn for more than three days, nor to any other<br> +place than that in which the two houses shall be sitting.<br> +<br> +SECTION VI.<br> +<br> +1. The senators and representatives shall receive a compensation for<br> +their services, to be ascertained by law, and paid out of the treasury<br> +of the United States. They shall, in all cases, except treason, felony,<br> +and breach of peace, be privileged from arrest during their attendance<br> +at the session of their respective houses, and in going to and returning<br> +from the same; and for any speech or debate in either house they shall<br> +not be questioned in any other place.<br> +<br> +2. No senator or representative shall, during the time for which he was<br> +elected, be appointed to any civil office under the authority of the<br> +United States, which shall have been created, or the emoluments whereof<br> +shall have been increased, during such time; and no person holding any<br> +office under the United States shall be a member of either house during<br> +his continuance in office.<br> +<br> +SECTION VII.<br> +<br> +1. All bills for raising revenue shall originate in the House of<br> +Representatives; but the Senate may propose or concur with amendments as<br> +on other bills.<br> +<br> +2. Every bill which shall have passed the House of Representatives and<br> +the Senate, shall, before it becomes a law, be presented to the<br> +President of the United States; if he approve he shall sign it, but if<br> +not he shall return it, with his objections, to that house in which it<br> +shall have originated, who shall enter the objections at large on their<br> +journal, and proceed to reconsider it. If, after such reconsideration,<br> +two-thirds of that house shall agree to pass the bill, it shall be sent,<br> +together with the objections, to the other house, by which it shall<br> +likewise be reconsidered, and if approved by two-thirds of that house,<br> +it shall become a law. But in all such cases the votes of both houses<br> +shall be determined by yeas and nays, and the names of the persons<br> +voting for or against the bill be entered on the journal of each house<br> +respectively. If any bill shall not be returned by the President within<br> +ten days (Sundays excepted) after it shall have been presented to him,<br> +the same shall be a law in like manner as if he had signed it, unless<br> +the Congress, by their adjournment, prevent its return, in which case it<br> +shall not be a law.<br> +<br> +3. Every order, resolution or vote to which the concurrence of the<br> +Senate and the House of Representatives may be necessary (except on a<br> +question of adjournment) shall be presented to the President of the<br> +United States; and before the same shall take effect, shall be approved<br> +by him, or, being disapproved by him, shall be repassed by two-thirds of<br> +the Senate and House of Representatives, according to the rules and<br> +limitations prescribed in the case of a bill.<br> +<br> +SECTION VIII.<br> +<br> +The Congress shall have power--<br> +<br> +1. To lay and collect taxes, duties, imposts and excises to pay the<br> +debts and provide for the common defense and general welfare of the<br> +United States; but all duties, imposts and excises shall be uniform<br> +throughout the United States;<br> +<br> +2. To borrow money on the credit of the United States;<br> +<br> +3. To regulate commerce with foreign nations, and among the several<br> +States, and with the Indian tribes;<br> +<br> +4. To establish a uniform rule of naturalization, and uniform laws on<br> +the subject of bankruptcies throughout the United States;<br> +<br> +5. To coin money, regulate the value thereof, and of foreign coin, and<br> +fix the standard of weights and measures;<br> +<br> +6. To provide for the punishment of counterfeiting the securities and<br> +current coin of the United States;<br> +<br> +7. To establish post-offices and post-roads;<br> +<br> +8. To promote the progress of science and useful arts, by securing for<br> +limited times to authors and inventors the exclusive right to their<br> +respective writings and discoveries;<br> +<br> +9. To constitute tribunals inferior to the Supreme Court;<br> +<br> +10. To define and punish piracies and felonies committed on the high<br> +seas, and offenses against the law of nations;<br> +<br> +11. To declare war, grant letters of marque and reprisal, and make rules<br> +concerning captures on land and water;<br> +<br> +12. To raise and support armies, but no appropriation of money to that<br> +use shall be for a longer term than two years;<br> +<br> +13. To provide and maintain a navy;<br> +<br> +14. To make rules for the government and regulation of the land and<br> +naval forces;<br> +<br> +15. To provide for calling forth the militia to execute the laws of the<br> +Union, suppress insurrections and repel invasions;<br> +<br> +16. To provide for organizing, arming and disciplining the militia, and<br> +for governing such part of them as may be employed in the service of the<br> +United States, reserving to the States, respectively, the appointment of<br> +the officers, and the authority of training the militia according to the<br> +discipline prescribed by Congress;<br> +<br> +17. To exercise exclusive legislation, in all cases whatsoever, over<br> +such district (not exceeding ten miles square) as may, by cession of<br> +particular States, and the acceptance of Congress, become the seat of<br> +the government of the United States, and to exercise like authority over<br> +all places purchased by the consent of the legislature of the State in<br> +which the same shall be, for the erection of forts, magazines, arsenals,<br> +dock-yards, and other needful buildings;<br> +<br> +And to make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying<br> +into execution the foregoing powers, and all other powers vested by the<br> +Constitution in the Government of the United States, or in any<br> +department or officer thereof.<br> +<br> +SECTION IX<br> +<br> +1. The migration or importation of such persons as any of the States now<br> +existing shall think proper to admit shall not be prohibited by the<br> +Congress prior to the year one thousand eight hundred and eight, but a<br> +tax or duty may be imposed on such importation, not exceeding ten<br> +dollars for each person.<br> +<br> +2. The privilege of the writ of Habeas Corpus shall not be suspended,<br> +unless when, in cases of rebellion or invasion, the public safety may<br> +require it.<br> +<br> +3. No bill of attainder or ex post facto law shall be passed.<br> +<br> +4. No capitation or other direct tax shall be laid, unless in proportion<br> +to the census or enumeration hereinbefore directed to be taken.<br> +<br> +5. No tax or duty shall be laid on articles exported from any State.<br> +<br> +6. No preference shall be given by any regulation of commerce or revenue<br> +to the ports of one State over those or another; nor shall vessels bound<br> +to or from one State be obliged to enter, clear, or pay duties in<br> +another.<br> +<br> +7. No money shall be drawn from the treasury but in consequence of<br> +appropriations made by law; and a regular statement and account of the<br> +receipts and expenditures of all public moneys shall be published from<br> +time to time.<br> +<br> +8. No title of nobility shall be granted by the United States; and no<br> +person holding any office of profit or trust under them shall, without<br> +the consent of the Congress, accept of any present, emolument, office or<br> +title of any kind whatever, from any king, prince or foreign state.<br> +<br> +SECTION X.<br> +<br> +1. No State shall enter into any treaty, alliance, or confederation;<br> +grant letters of marque and reprisal; coin money; emit bills of credit;<br> +make anything but gold and silver coin a tender in payment of debts;<br> +pass any bill of attainder, ex post facto law, or law impairing the<br> +obligation of contracts, or grant any title of nobility.<br> +<br> +2. No State shall, without the consent of the Congress, lay any impost<br> +or duties on imports or exports, except what may be absolutely necessary<br> +for executing its inspection laws; and the net produce of an duties and<br> +imposts laid by any State on imports or exports shall be for the use of<br> +the treasury of the United States; and all such laws shall be subject to<br> +the revision and control of the Congress. No State shall, without the<br> +consent of the Congress, lay any duty of tonnage, keep troops or ships<br> +of war in time of peace, enter into any agreement or compact with<br> +another State, or with a foreign power, or engage in war, unless<br> +actually invaded, or in such imminent danger as will not admit of delay.<br> +<br> +Article II.<br> +<br> +SECTION I.<br> +<br> +1. The executive power shall be vested in a President of the United<br> +States of America. He shall hold his office during the term of four<br> +years; and, together with the Vice-President chosen for the same term,<br> +be elected as follows:<br> +<br> +2. Each State shall appoint, in such manner as the legislature thereof<br> +may direct, a number of electors equal to the whole number of senators<br> +and representatives to which the State may be entitled in the Congress;<br> +but no senator or representative, or person holding an office of trust<br> +or profit under the United States, shall be appointed an elector.<br> +<br> +3. The electors shall meet in their respective States, and vote by<br> +ballot for two persons, of whom one at least shall not be an inhabitant<br> +of the same State with themselves. And they shall make a list of all the<br> +persons voted for and of the number of votes for each; which list they<br> +shall sign and certify, and transmit sealed to the seat of government of<br> +the United States, directed to the President of the Senate. The<br> +President of the Senate shall, in the presence of the Senate and House<br> +of Representatives, open all the certificates, and the votes shall then<br> +be counted. The person having the greatest number of votes shall be the<br> +President, if such number be a majority of the whole number of electors<br> +appointed; and if there be more than one who have such a majority, and<br> +have an equal number of votes, then the House of Representatives shall<br> +immediately choose, by ballot, one of them for President, and if no<br> +person have a majority, then, from the five highest on the list, the<br> +said House shall, in like manner, choose the President. But in choosing<br> +the President the votes shall be taken by States, the representation<br> +from each State having one vote; a quorum for this purpose shall consist<br> +of a member or members from two-thirds of all the States, and a majority<br> +of all the States shall be necessary to a choice. In every case, after<br> +the choice of the President, the person having the greatest number of<br> +votes of the electors shall be the Vice-President. But if there should<br> +remain two or more who have equal votes, the Senate shall choose from<br> +them, by ballot, the Vice-President.<br> +<br> +4. The Congress may determine the time of choosing the electors, and the<br> +day on which they shall give their votes, which day shall be the same<br> +throughout the United States.<br> +<br> +5. No person, except a natural-born citizen, or a citizen of the United<br> +States at the time of the adoption of this Constitution, shall be<br> +eligible to the office of President; neither shall any person be<br> +eligible to that office who shall not have attained the age of<br> +thirty-five years, and been fourteen years a resident within the United<br> +States.<br> +<br> +6. In case of the removal of the President from office, or of his death,<br> +resignation, or inability to discharge the powers and duties of said<br> +office, the same shall devolve on the Vice-President; and the Congress<br> +may, by law, provide for the case of removal, death, resignation or<br> +inability, both of the President and Vice-President, declaring what<br> +officer shall then act as President; and such officer shall act<br> +accordingly, until the disability be removed, or a President shall be<br> +elected.<br> +<br> +7. The President shall, at stated times, receive for his services a<br> +compensation, which shall neither be increased nor diminished during the<br> +period for which he shall have been elected; and he shall not receive<br> +within that period any other emoluments from the United States, or any<br> +of them.<br> +<br> +8. Before he enter on the execution of his office, he shall take the<br> +following oath or affirmation:<br> +<br> +"I do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will faithfully execute the<br> +office of President of the United States; and will, to the best of my<br> +ability, preserve, protect and defend the Constitution of the United<br> +States."<br> +<br> +SECTION II.<br> +<br> +1. The President shall be commander-in-chief of the army and navy of the<br> +United States, and of the militia of the several States, when called<br> +into the actual service of the United States. He may require the<br> +opinion, in writing, of the principal officer in each of the executive<br> +departments, upon any subject relating to the duties of their respective<br> +offices, and he shall have power to grant reprieves and pardons for<br> +offenses against the United States, except in cases of impeachment.<br> +<br> +2. He shall have power, by and with the advice and consent of the<br> +Senate, to make treaties, provided two-thirds of the Senators present<br> +concur; and he shall nominate, and, by and with the advice and consent<br> +of the Senate, shall appoint embassadors, other public ministers and<br> +consuls, judges of the Supreme Court, and all other officers of the<br> +United States whose appointments are not herein otherwise provided for,<br> +and which shall be established by law. But the Congress may, by law,<br> +vest the appointment of such inferior officers as they think proper in<br> +the President alone, in the courts of law, or in the heads of<br> +departments.<br> +<br> +3. The President shall have power to fill all vacancies that may happen<br> +during the recess of the Senate, by granting commissions which shall<br> +expire at the end of their next session.<br> +<br> +SECTION III.<br> +<br> +1. He shall, from time to time, give to the Congress information of the<br> +state of the Union, and recommend to their consideration such measures<br> +as he shall judge necessary and expedient. He may, on extraordinary<br> +occasions, convene both houses, or either of them; and in case of<br> +disagreement between them, with respect to the time of adjournment, he<br> +may adjourn them to such time as he shall think proper. He shall receive<br> +embassadors and other public ministers. He shall take care that the laws<br> +be faithfully executed; and shall commission all officers of the United<br> +States.<br> +<br> +SECTION IV.<br> +<br> +1. The President, Vice-President and all civil officers of the United<br> +States shall be removed from office on impeachment for, and conviction<br> +of, treason, bribery, or other high crimes and misdemeanors.<br> +<br> +Article III.<br> +<br> +SECTION I<br> +<br> +1. The judicial power of the United States shall be vested in one<br> +Supreme Court and in such inferior courts as Congress may from time to<br> +time ordain and establish. The judges both of the Supreme and inferior<br> +courts shall hold their offices during good behavior; and shall, at<br> +stated times, receive for their services a compensation which shall not<br> +be diminished during their continuance of office.<br> +<br> +SECTION II.<br> +<br> +1. The judicial power shall extend to all cases in law and equity<br> +arising under this Constitution, the laws of the United States, and<br> +treaties made, or which shall be made, under their authority; to all<br> +cases affecting embassadors, other public ministers and consuls; to all<br> +cases of admiralty and maritime jurisdiction; to controversies to which<br> +the United States shall be a party; to controversies between two or more<br> +States, between a State and citizens of another State, between citizens<br> +of different States, between citizens of the same State claiming lands<br> +under grants of different States, and between a State, or the citizens<br> +thereof, and foreign states, citizens, or subjects.<br> +<br> +2. In all cases affecting embassadors, other public ministers and<br> +consuls, and those in which a State shall be a party, the Supreme Court<br> +shall have original jurisdiction. In all the other cases mentioned, the<br> +Supreme Court shall have appellate jurisdiction, both as to law and<br> +fact, with such exceptions and under such regulations as the Congress<br> +shall make.<br> +<br> +3. The trial of all crimes, except in cases of impeachment, shall be by<br> +jury, and such trial shall be held in the State where the said crime<br> +shall have been committed; but when not committed within any State, the<br> +trial shall be at such place or places as the Congress may by law have<br> +directed.<br> +<br> +SECTION III.<br> +<br> +l. Treason against the United States shall consist only in levying war<br> +against them or in adhering to their enemies, giving them aid and<br> +comfort. No person shall be convicted of treason unless on the testimony<br> +of two witnesses to the same overt act, or on confession in open court.<br> +<br> +2. The Congress shall have power to declare the punishment of treason;<br> +but no attainder of treason shall work corruption of blood, or<br> +forfeiture, except during the life of the person attainted.<br> +<br> +Article IV.<br> +<br> +SECTION I.<br> +<br> +1. Full faith and credit shall be given in each State to the public<br> +acts, records and judicial proceedings of every other State; and the<br> +Congress may, by general laws, prescribe the manner in which such acts,<br> +records and proceedings shall be proved, and the effect thereof.<br> +<br> +SECTION II. 1. The citizens of each State shall be entitled to all<br> +privileges and immunities of citizens in the several States.<br> +<br> +2. A person charged in any State with treason, felony, or other crime,<br> +who shall flee from justice, and be found in another State, shall, on<br> +demand of the executive authority of the State from which he fled, be<br> +delivered up to be removed to the State having jurisdiction of the<br> +crime.<br> +<br> +3. No person held to service or labor in one State under the laws<br> +thereof, escaping into another, shall, in consequence of any laws or<br> +regulations therein, be discharged from such service or labor; but shall<br> +be delivered up on claim of the party to whom such service or labor may<br> +be due.<br> +<br> +SECTION III.<br> +<br> +1. New States may be admitted by the Congress into this Union; but no<br> +new State shall be formed or erected within the jurisdiction of any<br> +other State, nor any State be formed by the junction of two or more<br> +States or parts of States, without the consent of the legislatures of<br> +the States concerned, as well as of Congress.<br> +<br> +2. The Congress shall have power to dispose of, and make all needful<br> +rules and regulations respecting the territory or other property<br> +belonging to the United States; and nothing in this Constitution shall<br> +be so construed as to prejudice any claim of the United States, or of<br> +any particular State.<br> +<br> +SECTION IV.<br> +<br> +1. The United States shall guarantee to every State in this Union a<br> +republican form of government, and shall protect each of them against<br> +invasion; and, on application of the legislature, or of the executive<br> +(when the legislature cannot be convened), against domestic violence.<br> +<br> +Article V.<br> +<br> +1. The Congress, whenever two-thirds of both houses shall deem it<br> +necessary, shall propose amendments to this Constitution; or, on the<br> +application of the legislatures of two-thirds of the several States,<br> +shall call a convention for proposing amendments, which, in either case,<br> +shall be valid to all intents and purposes as part of this Constitution,<br> +when ratified by the legislatures of three-fourths of the several<br> +States, or by conventions in three-fourths thereof, as the one or the<br> +other mode of ratification may be proposed by the Congress; provided,<br> +that no amendment which may be made prior to the year one thousand eight<br> +hundred and eight shall in any manner affect the first and fourth<br> +clauses in the ninth section of the fifth article; and that no State,<br> +without its consent, shall be deprived of its equal suffrage in the<br> +Senate.<br> +<br> +Article VI.<br> +<br> +1. All debts contracted and engagements entered into before the adoption<br> +of this Constitution shall be as valid against the United States under<br> +this Constitution as under the Confederation.<br> +<br> +2. This Constitution, and the laws of the United States which shall be<br> +made in pursuance thereof, and all treaties made, or which shall be<br> +made, under the authority of the United States, shall be the supreme law<br> +of the land; and the judges of every State shall be bound thereby,<br> +anything in the Constitution or laws of any State to the contrary<br> +notwithstanding.<br> +<br> +3. The senators and representatives before mentioned, and the members of<br> +the several State legislatures, and all executive and judicial officers,<br> +both of the United States and the several States, shall be bound by oath<br> +or affirmation to support this Constitution; but no religious test shall<br> +ever be required as a qualification to any office or public trust under<br> +the United States.<br> +<br> +Article VII.<br> +<br> +1. The ratification of the convention of nine States shall be sufficient<br> +for the establishment of this Constitution between the States so<br> +ratifying the same. Done in convention by the unanimous consent of the<br> +States present, the seventeenth day of December, in the year of our Lord<br> +one thousand seven hundred and eighty-seven, and of the Independence of<br> +the United States of America the twelfth. In witness whereof we have<br> +hereunto subscribed our names.<br> +<br> +GEORGE WASHINGTON,<br> +President, and Deputy from Virginia.<br> +<br> +<br> +AMENDMENTS.<br> +<br> +Article I.<br> +<br> +Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or<br> +prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of<br> +speech or of the press, or the right of the people peaceably to<br> +assemble, and to petition the government for a redress of grievance.<br> +<br> +Article II.<br> +<br> +A well regulated militia being necessary to the security of a free<br> +state, the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be<br> +infringed.<br> +<br> +Article III.<br> +<br> +No soldier shall, in time of peace, be quartered in any house without<br> +the consent of the owner, nor in time of war, but in a manner to be<br> +prescribed by law.<br> +<br> +Article IV.<br> +<br> +The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers<br> +and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be<br> +violated; and no warrants shall issue but upon probable cause, supported<br> +by oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be<br> +searched, and the persons or things to be seized.<br> +<br> +Article V.<br> +<br> +No person shall be held to answer for a capital or otherwise infamous<br> +crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a grand jury, except in<br> +cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the militia, when in<br> +actual service in time of war or public danger; nor shall any person be<br> +subject for the same offense to be twice put in jeopardy of life or<br> +limb, nor shall be compelled, in any criminal case, to be a witness<br> +against himself, nor be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without<br> +due process of law; nor shall private property be taken for public use,<br> +without just compensation.<br> +<br> +Article VI.<br> +<br> +In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a<br> +speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury of the State and district<br> +wherein the crime shall have been committed, which district shall have<br> +been previously ascertained by law; and to be informed of the nature and<br> +cause of the accusation; to be confronted with the witnesses against<br> +him; to have compulsory process for obtaining witnesses in his favor,<br> +and to have the assistance of counsel for his defense.<br> +<br> +Article VII.<br> +<br> +In suits at common law, where the value in controversy shall exceed<br> +twenty dollars, the right of trial by jury shall be preserved; and no<br> +fact tried by a jury shall be otherwise reexamined, in any court of the<br> +United States, than according to the rules of the common law.<br> +<br> +Article VIII.<br> +<br> +Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor<br> +cruel and unusual punishment inflicted.<br> +<br> +Article IX.<br> +<br> +The enumeration in the Constitution of certain rights shall not be<br> +construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people.<br> +<br> +Article X.<br> +<br> +The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor<br> +prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively,<br> +or to the people. [The preceding ten amendatory articles were proposed<br> +to the legislatures of the States by the first Congress, September 25,<br> +1789, and notification of ratification received from all the States<br> +except Connecticut, Georgia and Massachusetts.]<br> +<br> +Article XI.<br> +<br> +The judicial power of the United States shall not be construed to extend<br> +to any suit in law or equity commenced or prosecuted against one of the<br> +United States by citizens or subjects of any foreign state.<br> +<br> +[Proposed by the Third Congress, and Congress notified of its adoption<br> +January 8, 1798.]<br> +<br> +Article XII.<br> +<br> +1. The electors shall meet in their respective States, and vote by<br> +ballot for President and Vice-President, one of whom, at least, shall<br> +not be an inhabitant of the same State with themselves. They shall name<br> +in their ballots the person voted for as President, and in distinct<br> +ballots the person voted for as Vice-President; and they shall make<br> +distinct lists of all persons voted for as President, and of all persons<br> +voted for as Vice-President; and of the number of votes for each; which<br> +lists they shall sign and certify, and transmit sealed to the seat of<br> +government of the United States, directed to the President of the<br> +Senate. The President of the Senate shall, in the presence of the Senate<br> +and House of Representatives, open the certificates, and the votes shall<br> +then be counted. The person having the greatest number of votes for<br> +President shall be the President, if such number be a majority of the<br> +whole number of electors appointed; and if no person have such majority,<br> +then from the persons having the highest numbers, not exceeding three,<br> +on the list of those voted for as President, the House of<br> +Representatives shall choose immediately, by ballot, the President. But,<br> +in choosing the President, the votes shall be taken by States, the<br> +representation from each State having one vote; a quorum for this<br> +purpose shall consist of a member or members from two-thirds of the<br> +States, and a majority of all the States shall be necessary to a choice.<br> +And if the House of Representatives shall not choose a President<br> +whenever the right of choice shall devolve upon them, before the fourth<br> +day of March next following, then the Vice-President shall act as<br> +President, as in the case of the death or other constitutional<br> +disability of the President.<br> +<br> +2. The person having the greatest number of votes as Vice-President<br> +shall be the Vice-President, if such number be a majority of the whole<br> +number of electors appointed, and if no person have a majority, then<br> +from the two highest numbers on the list the Senate shall choose the<br> +Vice-President. A quorum for the purpose shall consist of two-thirds of<br> +the whole number of senators, and a majority of the whole number shall<br> +be necessary to a choice.<br> +<br> +3. But no person constitutionally ineligible to the office of President<br> +shall be eligible to that of Vice-President of the United Stales.<br> +<br> +[Proposed by the Eighth Congress, and declared adopted September 23,<br> +1804, by proclamation of the Secretary of State.]<br> +<br> +Article XIII.<br> +<br> +1. Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for<br> +crime, whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist<br> +within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction.<br> +<br> +2. Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate<br> +legislation.<br> +<br> +[Proposed by the Thirty-eighth Congress, and declared adopted December<br> +18, 1865, by proclamation of the Secretary of State.]<br> +<br> +Article XIV.<br> +<br> +SECTION I.<br> +<br> +All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the<br> +jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State<br> +wherein they reside. No State shall make or enforce any law which shall<br> +abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States,<br> +nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property,<br> +without due process or law, nor deny to any person within its<br> +jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.<br> +<br> +SECTION II. Representatives shall be apportioned among the several<br> +States according to their respective numbers, counting the whole number<br> +of persons in each State, excluding Indians not taxed. But when the<br> +right to vote at any election for the choice of electors for President<br> +and Vice-President of the United States, representatives in Congress,<br> +the executive and judicial officers of a State, or the members of the<br> +legislature thereof, is denied to any of the male inhabitants of such<br> +State, being twenty-one years of age, and citizens of the United<br> +States, or in any way abridged, except for participation in rebellion or<br> +other crime, the basis of representation therein shall be reduced in the<br> +proportion which the number of such male citizens shall bear to the<br> +whole number of male citizens twenty-one years of age in such State.<br> +<br> +SECTION III. No person shall be a senator or representative in Congress,<br> +or elector of President and Vice-President, or hold any office, civil or<br> +military, under the United States, or under any State, who, having<br> +previously taken an oath as a member of Congress, or as an officer of<br> +the United States, or as a member of any State legislature, or as an<br> +executive or judicial officer of any State, to support the Constitution<br> +of the United States, shall have engaged in insurrection or rebellion<br> +against the same, or given aid or comfort to the enemies thereof; but<br> +Congress may, by a vote of two-thirds of each house, remove such<br> +disability.<br> +<br> +SECTION IV. The validity of the public debt of the United States,<br> +authorized by law, including debts incurred for payment of pensions and<br> +bounties for services in suppressing insurrection or rebellion, shall<br> +not be questioned. But neither the United States nor any State shall<br> +assume or pay any debt or obligation incurred in aid of insurrection or<br> +rebellion against the United States, or any claim for the loss or<br> +emancipation of any slave; but all such debts, obligations and claims<br> +shall be held illegal and void.<br> +<br> +SECTION V. The Congress shall have power to enforce, by appropriate<br> +legislation, the provisions of this article.<br> +<br> +[Proposed by the Thirty-ninth Congress and declared adopted by +concurrent<br> +resolution of Congress, July 21, 1868.]<br> +<br> +Article XV.<br> +<br> +SECTION I.<br> +<br> +The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied<br> +or abridged by the United States, or any State, on account of race,<br> +color or previous condition of servitude.<br> +<br> +SECTION II.<br> +<br> +The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate<br> +legislation.<br> +<br> +[Proposed by the Fortieth Congress, and declared adopted by proclamation<br> +of the Secretary of State, March 30, 1870.]<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">WORKINGMEN EASILY GULLED.</span><br> +<br> +Who fought for King George in 1776? Working people.<br> +<br> +What interest did they have in being ruled by him? None.<br> +<br> +Why, then, did they risk their lives for him? Because he hired them.<br> +<br> +Where did the king get the money to pay them? By taxing them.<br> +<br> +Then they really paid themselves for fighting? Certainly.<br> +<br> +In every war ever fought the working people paid the expenses.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +"WHAT constitutes a state?<br> +Men who their duties know,<br> +But know their rights, and, knowing,<br> +Dare maintain."<br> +--Jones.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br style="font-weight: bold;"> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">JEFFERSON'S POLITICAL POLICY.</span><br> +<br> +1. Legal equality of all human beings.<br> +<br> +2. The people the only source of power.<br> +<br> +3. No hereditary offices, nor order of "nobility," nor title.<br> +<br> +4. No unnecessary taxation.<br> +<br> +5. No national banks or bonds.<br> +<br> +6. No costly splendor of administration.<br> +<br> +7. Freedom of thought and discussion.<br> +<br> +8. Civil authority superior to the military.<br> +<br> +9. No favored classes; no special privileges; no monopolies.<br> +<br> +10. Free and fair elections; universal suffrage.<br> +<br> +11. No public money spent without warrant of law.<br> +<br> +12. No mysteries in government hidden from the public eye.<br> +<br> +13. Representatives bound by the instructions of their constituents.<br> +<br> +14. The Constitution of the United States a special grant of powers<br> +limited and definite.<br> +<br> +15. Freedom, sovereignty and independence of the respective States.<br> +<br> +16. Absolute severance of Church and State.<br> +<br> +17. The Union a compact--not a consolidation nor a centralization.<br> +<br> +18. Moderate salaries, economy and strict accountability.<br> +<br> +19. Gold and silver currency--supplemented by treasury notes bearing no<br> +interest and bottomed on taxes.<br> +<br> +20. No State banks of issue.<br> +<br> +21. No expensive navy or diplomatic establishment.<br> +<br> +22. A progressive or graduated tax laid upon wealth.<br> +<br> +23. No internal revenue system. A complete separation of public moneys<br> +from bank funds.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br style="font-weight: bold;"> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">PRESIDENTS OF THE UNITED STATES.</span><br> +<br> +Declaration of Independence July 4th, 1776<br> +<br> +General Washington, first President. 1789 and 1793<br> +<br> +John Adams 1797<br> +<br> +Thomas Jefferson 1801 and 1805<br> +<br> +James Madison 1809 and 1813<br> +<br> +James Monroe 1817 and 1821<br> +<br> +John Quincy Adams 1825<br> +<br> +General Andrew Jackson 1829 and 1833<br> +<br> +Martin Van Buren 1837<br> +<br> +General William Henry Harrison (died 4th April) 1841<br> +<br> +John Tyler (elected as Vice-President). 1841<br> +<br> +James Knox Polk 1845<br> +<br> +General Zachary Taylor (died 9th July, 1850) 1849<br> +<br> +Millard Fillmore (elected as Vice-President) 1850<br> +<br> +General Franklin Pierce 1853<br> +<br> +James Buchanan 1857<br> +<br> +Abraham Lincoln (assassinated 14th April, 1865) 1861 and +1865<br> +<br> +Andrew Johnson (elected as Vice-President) 1865<br> +<br> +General Ulysses S. Grant 1869 and 1873<br> +<br> +Rutherford B. Hayes 1877<br> +<br> +General J. Abram Garfield (died 19th September, 1881) 1881<br> +<br> +General Chester A. Arthur (elected as V. Pres.) 1881<br> +<br> +Grover Cleveland 1885<br> +<br> +Benjamin H. Harrison 1889<br> +<br> +Grover Cleveland 1893<br> +<br> +William McKinley (elected) 1897<br> +<br> +(Re-elected) 1901<br> +<br> +(Assassinated September 14, 1901)<br> +<br> +Theodore Roosevelt (elected Vice-President) 1901<br> +<br> +(Became President September 14) 1901<br> +<br> +Theodore Roosevelt (elected) 1905<br> +<br> +Wm. H. Taft 1909<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">FACTS ABOUT THE LIBERTY BELL.</span><br> +<br> +Cast by Thomas Lester, Whitechapel, London.<br> +<br> +Arrived in Philadelphia in August, 1752.<br> +<br> +First used in statehouse, Philadelphia, Aug. 27, 1752.<br> +<br> +Twice recast by Pass & Snow, Philadelphia, to repair crack, +September,<br> +1752.<br> +<br> +Muffled and tolled Oct. 5, 1765, on arrival of ship Royal Charlotte with<br> +stamps.<br> +<br> +Muffled and tolled Oct. 31, 1765, when stamp act was put in operation.<br> +<br> +Summoned meeting to prevent landing of cargo of tea from the ship Polly<br> +Dec. 27, 1774.<br> +<br> +Summoned meeting of patriots April 25, 1775, after battle of Lexington.<br> +<br> +Proclaimed declaration of independence and the birth of a new nation at<br> +great ratification meeting July 8, 1776.<br> +<br> +First journey from Philadelphia made in September, 1777, to Allentown,<br> +Pa., to escape capture by the British; returned June 27, 1778.<br> +<br> +Proclaimed treaty of peace April 16, 1783.<br> +<br> +Tolled for the death of Washington Dec. 26, 1799.<br> +<br> +Rung on the fiftieth anniversary of the declaration of independence July<br> +4, 1826.<br> +<br> +Last used in tolling for the death of John Marshall July 8, 1835,<br> +<br> +Principal tours: To New Orleans in 1885; Chicago, 1893; Atlanta, 1895;<br> +Boston, 1902; St Louis, 1904.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">HOW THE PRESIDENTS DIED.</span><br> +<br> +George Washington's death was the result of a severe cold contracted<br> +while riding around his farm in a rain and sleet storm on Dec. 10, 1799.<br> +The cold increased and was followed by a chill, which brought on acute<br> +laryngitis. He died at the age of 68, on Dec. 14, 1799.<br> +<br> +John Adams died from old age, having reached his ninety-first milestone.<br> +Though active mentally, he was nearly blind and unable to hold a pen<br> +steadily enough to write. He passed away without pain on July 4, 1826.<br> +<br> +Thomas Jefferson died at the age of eighty-three, a few hours before<br> +Adams, on July 4, 1826. His disease was chronic diarrhoea, superinduced<br> +by old age, and his physician said the too free use of the waters of the<br> +white sulphur springs.<br> +<br> +James Madison also died of old age, and peacefully, on June 28, 1836.<br> +His faculties were undimmed to the last. He was eighty-five.<br> +<br> +James Monroe's demise, which occurred in the seventy-third year of his<br> +age, on July 4, 1831, was assigned to enfeebled health.<br> +<br> +John Quincy Adams was stricken with paralysis on Feb. 21, 1848, while<br> +addressing the Speaker of the House of Representatives, being at the<br> +time a member of Congress. He died in the rotunda of the Capitol. He was<br> +eighty-one years of age.<br> +<br> +Andrew Jackson died on June 8, 1845, seventy-eight years old. He<br> +suffered from consumption and finally dropsy, which made its appearance<br> +about six months before his death.<br> +<br> +Martin Van Buren died on July 24, 1862, from a violent attack of asthma,<br> +followed by catarrhal affections of the throat and lungs. He was eighty<br> +years of age.<br> +<br> +William Henry Harrison's death was caused by pleurisy, the result of a<br> +cold, which he caught on the day of his inauguration. This was<br> +accompanied with severe diarrhoea, which would not yield to medical<br> +treatment. He died on April 4, 1841, a month after his inauguration. He<br> +was sixty-eight years of age.<br> +<br> +John Tyler died on Jan. 17, 1862, at the age of seventy-two. Cause of<br> +death, bilious colic.<br> +<br> +James K. Polk was stricken with a slight attack of cholera in the spring<br> +of 1849, while on a boat going up the Mississippi River. Though<br> +temporarily relieved, he had a relapse on his return home and died on<br> +June 15, 1849, aged fifty-four years.<br> +<br> +Zachary Taylor was the second President to die in office. He is said to<br> +have partaken immoderately of ice water and iced milk, and then later of<br> +a large quantity of cherries. The result was an attack of cholera<br> +morbus. He was sixty-six years old.<br> +<br> +Millard Fillmore died from a stroke of paralysis on March 8, 1874, in<br> +his seventy-fourth year.<br> +<br> +Franklin Pierce's death was due to abdominal dropsy, and occurred on<br> +Oct. 8, l869, in the sixty-fifth year of his age.<br> +<br> +James Buchanan's death occurred on June 1, 1868, and was caused by<br> +rheumatic gout. He was seventy-seven years of age.<br> +<br> +Abraham Lincoln was shot by J. Wilkes Booth at Ford's Theater,<br> +Washington, D. C., on April 14, 1865, and died the following day, aged<br> +fifty-six.<br> +<br> +Andrew Johnson died from a stroke of paralysis July 31, 1875, aged<br> +sixty-seven.<br> +<br> +U. S. Grant died of cancer of the tongue, at Mt. McGregor, N. Y., July<br> +3, 1885.<br> +<br> +James A. Garfield was shot by Charles J. Guiteau on July 2. 1881. Died<br> +Sept. 19, 1881.<br> +<br> +Chester A. Arthur, who succeeded Garfield, died suddenly of apoplexy in<br> +New York City, Nov. 18, 1886.<br> +<br> +Rutherford B. Hayes died Jan. 17, 1803, the result of a severe cold<br> +contracted in Cleveland, Ohio.<br> +<br> +Benjamin Harrison died March 13, 1901. Cause of death, pneumonia.<br> +<br> +William McKinley was assassinated Sept. 14, 1901.<br> +<br> +Grover Cleveland died on June 24, 1908, of debility, aged 71.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">WHO IS THE AUTHOR?</span><br> +<br> +The following literary curiosity found its way recently into the query<br> +column of a Boston newspaper. Nobody seems to know who wrote it:<br> +<br> +O I wish I was in eden<br> +Where all the beastes is feedin,<br> +the Pigs an cows an osses.<br> +And the long tale Bull wot tosses<br> +the Bulldog and the Rabbit,<br> +acaus it is his habbit;<br> +Where Lions, Tigurs, monkees,<br> +And them long-ear'd things call'd Donkeys,<br> +Meat all together daylee<br> +With Crockedyles all Skaley,<br> +Where sparros on the bushis<br> +Sings to there mates, the thrushis,<br> +an Hawks and Littel Rens<br> +Wawks about like Cocks and Ens,<br> +One looking at the tuther<br> +for all the World like a Bruther.<br> +Where no quarlin is or Phytin,<br> +its tru wot ime aritin.<br> +O for a wauk at even,<br> +somewhere abowt 6 or 7,<br> +When the Son be gwain to bed,<br> +with his fase all fyree red.<br> +O for the grapes and resins<br> +Wot ripens at all seesins;<br> +the appels and the Plumbs<br> +As Big as my 2 thums;<br> +the hayprecocks an peechis,<br> +Wot all within our reech is,<br> +An we mought pick an heat,<br> +paying nothing for the treat.<br> +O for the pooty flouers<br> +A bloomin at all ours,<br> +So that a large Bokay<br> +Yew may gether any day<br> +Of ev'ry flour that blose<br> +from Colleflour to rose.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">THE ART OF NOT FORGETTING.</span><br> +<br> +A Brief but Comprehensive Treatise Based on Loisette's Famous System of<br> +Memory Culture.<br> +<br> +So much has been said about Loisette's memory system, the art has been<br> +so widely advertised, and so carefully guarded from all the profane who<br> +do not send five or many dollars to the Professor, that a few pages,<br> +showing how man may be his own Loisette, may be both interesting and<br> +valuable.<br> +<br> +In the first place, the system is a good one, and well worth the labor<br> +of mastering, and if the directions are implicitly followed there can be<br> +no doubt that the memory will be greatly strengthened and improved, and<br> +that the mnemonic feats otherwise impossible may be easily performed.<br> +Loisette, however, is not an inventor, but an introducer. He stands in<br> +the same relation to Dr. Pick that the retail dealer holds to the<br> +manufacturer: the one produced the article, the other brings it to the<br> +public. Even this statement is not quite fair to Loisette, for he has<br> +brought much practical common sense to bear upon Pick's system, and, in<br> +preparing the new art of mnemonics for the market, in many ways he has<br> +made it his own.<br> +<br> +If each man would reflect upon the method by which he himself remembers<br> +things, he would find his hand upon the key of the whole mystery. For<br> +instance, I was once trying to remember the word "Blythe." There<br> +occurred to my mind the words "Bellman," "Belle," and the verse:<br> +<br> + "---- the peasant upward climbing<br> + Hears the bells of Buloss chiming."<br> +<br> +"Barcarole," "Barrack," and so on, until finally the word "Blythe"<br> +presented itself with a strange insistence, long after I had ceased<br> +trying to recall it.<br> +<br> +On another occasion, when trying to recall the name "Richardson," I got<br> +the words "hay-rick," "Robertson," "Randallstown," and finally<br> +"wealthy," from which, naturally, I got "rich" and "Richardson" almost<br> +in a breath.<br> +<br> +Still another example: Trying to recall the name of an old schoolmate,<br> +"Grady," I got "Brady," "grave," "gaseous," "gastronome," "gracious,"<br> +and I finally abandoned the attempt, simply saying to myself that it<br> +began with a "G," and there was an "a" sound after it. The next morning<br> +when thinking of something entirely different, this name "Grady" came up<br> +in my mind with as much distinctness as though someone had whispered it<br> +in my ear. This remembering was done without any conscious effort on my<br> +part, and was evidently the result of the exertion made the day before<br> +when the mnemonic processes were put to work. Every reader must have had<br> +a similar experience which he can recall, and which will fall in line<br> +with the examples given.<br> +<br> +It follows, then, that when we endeavor, without the aid of any system,<br> +to recall a forgotten fact or name, our memory presents to us words of<br> +similar sound or meaning in its journey toward the goal to which we have<br> +started it. This goes to show that our ideas are arranged in groups in<br> +whatever secret cavity or recess of the brain they occupy, and that the<br> +arrangement is not an alphabetical one exactly, and not entirely by<br> +meaning, but after some fashion partaking of both.<br> +<br> +If you are looking for the word "meadow" you may reach "middle" before<br> +you come to it, or "Mexico," or many, words beginning with the "m"<br> +sound, or containing the "dow", as window, or "dough," or you may get<br> +"field" or "farm"--but you are on the right track, and if you do not<br> +interfere with your intellectual process you will finally come to the<br> +idea which you are seeking.<br> +<br> +How often have you heard people say, "I forget his name, it is something<br> +like Beadle or Beagle--at any rate it begins with a B." Each and all of<br> +these were unconscious Loisettians, and they were practicing blindly,<br> +and without proper method or direction, the excellent system which he<br> +teaches. The thing, then, to do--and it is the final and simple truth<br> +which Loisette teaches--is to travel over this ground in the other<br> +direction--to cement the fact which you wish to remember to some other<br> +fact or word which you know will be brought out by the implied<br> +conditions--and thus you will always be able to travel from your given<br> +starting-point to the thing which you wish to call to mind.<br> +<br> +It seems as though a channel were cut in our mind-stuff along which the<br> +memory flows. How to construct an easy channel for any event or series<br> +of events or facts which one wishes to remember, along which the mind<br> +will ever afterward travel, is the secret of mnemonics.<br> +<br> +Loisette, in common with all the mnemonic teachers, uses the old device<br> +of representing numbers by letters--and as this is the first and easiest<br> +step in the art, this seems to be the most logical place to introduce<br> +the accepted equivalents of the Arabic numerals:<br> +<br> +0 is always represented by s, z or c soft.<br> +<br> +1 is always represented by t, th or d.<br> +<br> +2 is always represented by n.<br> +<br> +3 is always represented by m.<br> +<br> +4 is always represented by r.<br> +<br> +5 is always represented by l.<br> +<br> +6 is always represented by sh, j, ch soft or g soft.<br> +<br> +7 is always represented by g hard, k, c hard, q or final ng.<br> +<br> +8 is always represented by f or v.<br> +<br> +9 is always represented by p or b.<br> +<br> +All the other letters are used simply to fill up. Double letters in a<br> +word count only as one. In fact, the system goes by sound, not by<br> +spelling, For instance, "this" or "dizzy" would stand for ten; "catch"<br> +or "gush" would stand for 76, and the only difficulty is to make some<br> +word or phrase which will contain only the significant letters in the<br> +proper order, filled out with non-significants into some guise of<br> +meaning or intelligibility.<br> +<br> +You can remember the equivalents given above by noting that z is the<br> +first letter of "zero," and c of "cipher," t has but one stroke, n has<br> +two, m three; the script f is very like 8; the script p like 9; r is the<br> +last letter of "four;" l is the Roman numeral for 50, which suggests 5.<br> +The others may be retained by memorizing these nonsense lines:<br> +<br> + Six shy Jewesses chase George.<br> + Seven great kings came quarreling.<br> +<br> +Suppose you wished to get some phrase or word that would express the<br> +number 3,685, you arrange the letters this way:<br> +<br> +</big> +<table style="width: 559px; height: 284px;" border="1" cellpadding="2" + cellspacing="2"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <td><br> + </td> + <td> 3 </td> + <td><br> + </td> + <td> 6 </td> + <td><br> + </td> + <td> 8 </td> + <td><br> + </td> + <td> 5</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>a </td> + <td> m </td> + <td> a </td> + <td> sh </td> + <td> a </td> + <td> f </td> + <td> a </td> + <td> 1</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>e </td> + <td><br> + </td> + <td> e </td> + <td> j </td> + <td> e </td> + <td> v </td> + <td> e</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>i </td> + <td><br> + </td> + <td> i </td> + <td>ch </td> + <td> i </td> + <td><br> + </td> + <td> i</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>o </td> + <td><br> + </td> + <td> o </td> + <td> g </td> + <td> o </td> + <td><br> + </td> + <td> o</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>u </td> + <td><br> + </td> + <td> u </td> + <td><br> + </td> + <td> u </td> + <td><br> + </td> + <td> u</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>h </td> + <td><br> + </td> + <td> h </td> + <td><br> + </td> + <td> h </td> + <td><br> + </td> + <td> h</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>w </td> + <td><br> + </td> + <td> w </td> + <td><br> + </td> + <td> w </td> + <td><br> + </td> + <td> w</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>x </td> + <td><br> + </td> + <td> x </td> + <td><br> + </td> + <td> x </td> + <td><br> + </td> + <td> x</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>y </td> + <td><br> + </td> + <td> y </td> + <td><br> + </td> + <td> y </td> + <td><br> + </td> + <td> y</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +<big><br> +<br> +You can make out "image of law," "my shuffle," "matchville," etc., etc.,<br> +as far as you like to work it out.<br> +<br> +Now, suppose you wished to memorize the fact that $1,000,000 in gold<br> +weighs 3,685 pounds, you go about it in this way, and here is the kernel<br> +and crux of Loisette's system: "How much does $1,000,000 in gold weigh?"<br> +<br> +<br> +"Weigh-scales."<br> +<br> +"Scales--statue of justice."<br> +<br> +"Statue of Justice--image of law."<br> +<br> +The process is simplicity itself. The thing you wish to recall, and that<br> +you fear to forget, is the weight; consequently you cement your chain of<br> +suggestion to the idea which is most prominent in your mental question.<br> +What do you weigh with? Scales. What does the mental picture of scales<br> +suggest? The statue of Justice, blindfolded and weighing out award and<br> +punishment to man. Finally, what is this statue of Justice but the image<br> +of law? And the words "image of law," translated back from the<br> +significant letters m, g soft, f and 1, give you 3--6--8--5, the number<br> +of pounds in $1,000,000 in gold. You bind together in your mind each<br> +separate step in the journey, the one suggests the other, and you will<br> +find a year from now that the fact will be as fresh in your memory as it<br> +is today. You cannot lose it. It is chained to you by an unbreakable<br> +mnemonic tie. Mark that it is not claimed that "weight" will of itself<br> +suggest "scales," and "scales" "statue of Justice," etc., but that,<br> +having once passed your attention up and down that ladder of ideas, your<br> +mental tendency will be to take the same route, and get to the same goal<br> +again and again. Indeed, beginning with the weight of $1,000,000, "image<br> +of law" will turn up in your mind without your consciousness of any<br> +intermediate station on the way, after some iteration and reiteration of<br> +the original chain.<br> +<br> +Again, so as to fasten the process in the reader's mind even more<br> +firmly, suppose that it were desired to fix the date of the battle of<br> +Hastings (A. D. 1066) in the memory; 1066 may be represented by the<br> +words "the wise judge" (th--1, s--0, j--6, dg--6; the others are<br> +non-significants); a chain might be made thus:<br> +<br> +Battle of Hastings--arbitrament of war.<br> +<br> +Arbitrament of war--arbitration.<br> +<br> +Arbitration--judgment.<br> +<br> +Judgment--the wise judge.<br> +<br> +Make mental pictures, connect ideas, repeat words and sounds, go about<br> +it any way you please, so that you will form a mental habit of<br> +connecting the "battle of Hastings" with the idea of "arbitrament of<br> +war," and so on for the other links in the chain, and the work is done.<br> +<br> +Loisette makes the beginning of his system unnecessarily difficult, to<br> +say nothing of his illogical arrangement in the grammar of the art of<br> +memory, which he makes the first of his lessons. He analyzes suggestion<br> +into--<br> +<br> +1. Inclusion.<br> +<br> +2. Exclusion.<br> +<br> +3. Concurrence.<br> +<br> +All of which looks very scientific and orderly, but is really misleading<br> +and badly named. The truth is that one idea will suggest another:<br> +<br> +1. By likeness or opposition of meaning, as "house" suggests "room" or<br> +"door," etc.; or, "white" suggests "black"; "cruel," "kind," etc.<br> +<br> +2. By likeness of sound, as "harrow" and "barrow"; "Henry" and<br> +"Hennepin."<br> +<br> +3. By mental juxtaposition, a peculiarity different in each person, and<br> +depending upon each one's own experiences. Thus, "St. Charles" suggests<br> +"railway bridge" to me, because I was vividly impressed by the breaking<br> +of the Wabash bridge at that point. "Stable" and "broken leg" come near<br> +each other in my experience, as do "cow" and "shot-gun" and "licking."<br> +<br> +Out of these three sorts of suggestion it is possible to get from anyone<br> +fact to another in a chain certain and safe, along which the mind may be<br> +depended upon afterwards always to follow.<br> +<br> +The chain is, of course, by no means all. Its making and its binding<br> +must be accompanied by a vivid, methodically directed attention, which<br> +turns all the mental light gettable in a focus upon the subject passing<br> +across the mind's screen. Before Loisette was thought of this was known.<br> +In the old times in England, in order to impress upon the mind of the<br> +rising generation the parish boundaries in the rural districts, the boys<br> +were taken to each of the landmarks in succession, the position and<br> +bearing of each pointed out carefully, and, in order to deepen the<br> +impression, the young people were then and there vigorously thrashed--a<br> +mechanical method of attracting the attention which was said never to<br> +have failed. This system has had its supporters in many of the<br> +old-fashioned schools, and there are men who will read these lines who<br> +can recall, with an itching sense of vivid impression, the 144 lickings<br> +which were said to go with the multiplication table.<br> +<br> +In default of a thrashing, however, the student must cultivate as best<br> +he can an intense fixity of perception upon every fact or word or date<br> +that he wishes to make permanently his own. It is easy. It is a matter<br> +of habit. If you will, you can photograph an idea upon your cerebral<br> +gelatine so that neither years nor events will blot it out or overlay<br> +it. You must be clearly and distinctly aware of the thing you are<br> +putting into your mental treasure-house, and drastically certain of the<br> +cord by which you have tied it to some other thing of which you are<br> +sure. Unless it is worth your while to do this, you might as well<br> +abandon any hope of mnemonic improvement, which will not come without<br> +the hardest kind of hard work, although it is work that will grow<br> +constantly easier with practice and reiteration. You need, then:<br> +<br> +1. Methodic suggestion.<br> +<br> +2. Methodic attention.<br> +<br> +3. Methodic reiteration.<br> +<br> +And this is all there is to Loisette, and a great deal it is. Two of<br> +them will not do without the third. You do not know how many steps there<br> +are from your hall door to your bedroom, though you have attended to and<br> +often reiterated the journey. But if there are twenty of them, and you<br> +have once bound the word "nice," or "nose," or "news" or "hyenas," to<br> +the fact of the stairway, you can never forget it.<br> +<br> +The Professor makes a point, and very wisely, of the importance of<br> +working through some established chain, so that the whole may be carried<br> +away in the mind--not alone for the value of the facts so bound<br> +together, but for the mental discipline so afforded.<br> +<br> +Here, then, is the "President Series," which contains the name and date<br> +of inauguration of each President from Washington to Cleveland. The<br> +manner in which it is to be mastered is this: Beginning at the top, try<br> +to find in your mind some connection between each word and the one<br> +following it. See how you can at some future time make one suggest the<br> +next, either by suggestion of sound or sense, or by mental<br> +juxtaposition. When you have found this dwell on it attentively for a<br> +moment or two. Pass it backward and forward before you, and then go on<br> +to the next step.<br> +<br> +The chain runs thus, the names of the President being in capitals, the<br> +date words or date phrases being inclosed in parentheses:<br> +<br> +President Chosen for the first word as the one most apt to occur +to the<br> + mind of +anyone wishing to repeat the names of the Presidents.<br> +<br> +Dentist President and dentist.<br> +<br> +Draw What does a +dentist do?<br> +<br> +(To give up) When something is drawn from one it is given up.<br> + +This is a date phrase meaning 1789.<br> +<br> +WASHINGTON. Associate the quality of self-sacrifice with<br> + +Washington's character.<br> +<br> +Morning wash Washington and wash.<br> +<br> +Dew +Early wetness and dew.<br> +<br> +Flower beds Dew and flowers.<br> +<br> +(Took a bouquet) Flowers and bouquet. Date phrase (1797),<br> +<br> +Garden Bouquet and +garden.<br> +<br> +Eden The +first garden.<br> +<br> +Adam +Juxtaposition of thought.<br> +<br> +ADAMS Suggestion +by sound.<br> +<br> +Fall +Juxtaposition of thought.<br> +<br> +Failure Fall and failure.<br> +<br> +(Deficit) Upon failure there is usually a +deficit<br> + +Date word (1801).<br> +<br> +Debt The +consequence of a deficit.<br> +<br> +Confederate bonds Suggestion by meaning.<br> +<br> +Jefferson Davis Juxtaposition of thought.<br> +<br> +JEFFERSON.<br> +<br> +Now follow out the rest for yourself, taking about ten at a time, and<br> +binding those you do last to those you have done before, each time,<br> +before attacking the next bunch.<br> +<br> +<br> +JEFFERSON<br> +Judge Jeffreys<br> +(bloody assize)<br> +bereavement<br> +(too heavy a sob)<br> +parental grief<br> +mad son<br> +MADISON<br> +Maderia<br> +frustrating<br> +first-rate wine<br> +(defeating)<br> +feet<br> +toe the line<br> +row<br> +MONROE<br> +row<br> +boat<br> +steamer<br> +side-splitting<br> +(divert)<br> +annoy<br> +harassing<br> +HARRISON<br> +Old Harry<br> +the tempter<br> +(the fraud)<br> +painted clay<br> +baked clay<br> +tiles<br> +TYLER<br> +Wat Tyler<br> +poll tax<br> +compulsory<br> +(free will)<br> +free offering<br> +burnt offering<br> +poker<br> +POLK<br> +end of dance<br> +termination "ly"<br> +(adverb)<br> +part of speech<br> +part of a man<br> +TAYLOR<br> +measurer<br> +theodoilte<br> +(Theophilus)<br> +fill us<br> +FILLMORE<br> +more fuel<br> +the flame<br> +flambeau<br> +bow<br> +arrow<br> +PIERCE<br> +hurt (feeling)<br> +wound<br> +soldier<br> +cannon<br> +BUCHANAN<br> +rebuke<br> +official censure<br> +(to officiate)<br> +wedding<br> +linked<br> +LINCOLN<br> +civil service<br> +ward politician<br> +(stop 'em)<br> +stop procession<br> +(tough boy)<br> +Little Ben<br> +Harry<br> +HARRISON<br> +Tippecanoe<br> +tariff too<br> +knapsack<br> +war-field<br> +(the funnel)<br> +windpipe<br> +throat<br> +quinzy<br> +QUINCY ADAMS<br> +quince<br> +fine fruit<br> +(the fine boy)<br> +sailor boy<br> +sailor<br> +jack tar<br> +JACKSON<br> +stone wall<br> +indomitable<br> +(tough make)<br> +oaken furniture<br> +bureau<br> +VAN BUREN<br> +rent<br> +link<br> +stroll<br> +seashore<br> +take<br> +give<br> +GRANT<br> +award<br> +school premium<br> +examination<br> +cramming<br> +(fagging)<br> +laborer<br> +hay field<br> +HAYES<br> +hazy<br> +clear<br> +(vivid)<br> +brightly lighted<br> +camp-fire<br> +war-field<br> +GARFIELD<br> +Guiteau<br> +murderer<br> +prisoner<br> +prison fare<br> +(half fed)<br> +well fed<br> +well read<br> +author<br> +ARTHUR<br> +round table<br> +tea cup<br> +(half full)<br> +divide<br> +cleave<br> +CLEVELAND<br> +City of Cleveland<br> +two<br> +twice<br> +(the heavy shell)<br> +mollusk<br> +unfamiliar word<br> +dictionary<br> +Johnson's<br> +JOHNSON<br> +son<br> +bad son<br> +(thievish bay)<br> +dishonest boy<br> +(back)<br> +Mac<br> +McKINLEY<br> +kill<br> +Czolgosz<br> +(zees)<br> +seize<br> +ruffian<br> +rough rider<br> +rouse<br> +ROOSEVELT<br> +size<br> +heavy<br> +fat<br> +TAFT<br> +<br> +It will be noted that some of the date words, as "free will," only give<br> +three figures of the date, 845; but it is to be supposed that if the<br> +student knows that many figures in the date of Polk's inauguration he<br> +can guess the other one.<br> +<br> +The curious thing about this system will now become apparent. If the<br> +reader has learned the series so that he can say it down from President<br> +to Taft, he can with no effort, and without any further preparation, say<br> +it backwards from Taft up to the commencement! There could be no better<br> +proof that this is the natural mnemonic system. It proves itself by its<br> +works.<br> +<br> +The series should be repeated backward and forward every day for a<br> +month, and should be supplemented by a series of the reader's own<br> +making, and by this one, which gives the numbers from 0 to 100, and<br> +which must be chained together before they can be learned:<br> +<br> + 0--hoes<br> + 1--wheat<br> + 2--hen<br> + 3--home<br> + 4--hair<br> + 5--oil<br> + 6--shoe<br> + 7--hook<br> + 8--off<br> + 9--bee<br> +10--daisy<br> +11--tooth<br> +12--dine<br> +13--time<br> +14--tower<br> +15--dell<br> +16--ditch<br> +17--duck<br> +18--dove<br> +21--hand<br> +19--tabby<br> +20--hyenas<br> +22--nun<br> +23--name<br> +24--owner<br> +25--nail<br> +26--hinge<br> +27--ink<br> +28--knife<br> +29--knob<br> +30--muse<br> +31--Mayday<br> +32--hymen<br> +33--mama<br> +34--mare<br> +35--mill<br> +36--image<br> +37--mug<br> +38--muff<br> +39--mob<br> +40--race<br> +41--hart<br> +42--horn<br> +43--army<br> +44--warrior<br> +45--royal<br> +46--arch<br> +47--rock<br> +48--wharf<br> +49--rope<br> +50--wheels<br> +51--lad<br> +52--lion<br> +53--lamb<br> +54--lair<br> +55--lily<br> +56--lodge<br> +57--lake<br> +58--leaf<br> +59--elbow<br> +60--chess<br> +61--cheat<br> +62--chain<br> +63--sham<br> +64--chair<br> +65--jail<br> +66--judge<br> +67--jockey<br> +68--shave<br> +69--ship<br> +70--eggs<br> +71--gate<br> +72--gun<br> +73--comb<br> +74--hawker<br> +75--coal<br> +76--cage<br> +77--cake<br> +78--coffee<br> +79--cube<br> +80--vase<br> +81--feet<br> +82--vein<br> +83--fame<br> +84--fire<br> +85--vial<br> +86--fish<br> +87--fig<br> +88--fife<br> +89--fib<br> +90--piles<br> +91--putty<br> +92--pane<br> +93--bomb<br> +94--bier<br> +95--bell<br> +96--peach<br> +98--beef<br> +97--book<br> +99--pope<br> +100--diocese<br> +<br> +[Transcriber's note: Items 21, 19, 20, 22 are shown as printed.]<br> +<br> +By the use of this table, which should be committed as thoroughly as the<br> +President series, so that it can be repeated backward and forward, any<br> +date, figure or number can be at once constructed, and bound by the<br> +usual chain to the fact which you wish it to accompany.<br> +<br> +When the student wishes to go farther and attack larger problems than<br> +the simple binding of two facts together, there is little in Loisette's<br> +system that is new, although there is much that is good. If it is a book<br> +that is to be learned as one would prepare for an examination, each<br> +chapter is to be considered separately. Of each an epitome is to be<br> +written in which the writer must exercise all of his ingenuity to reduce<br> +the matter in hand to its final skeleton of fact. This he is to commit<br> +to memory both by the use of the chain and the old system of<br> +interrogation. Suppose after much labor through a wide space of language<br> +one boils a chapter or an event down to the final irreducible sediment:<br> +"Magna Charta was exacted by the barons from King John at Runnymede."<br> +<br> +You must now turn this statement this way and that way; asking yourself<br> +about it every possible and impossible question, gravely considering the<br> +answers, and, if you find any part of it especially difficult to<br> +remember, chaining it to the question which will bring it out. Thus,<br> +"What was exacted by the barons from King John at Runnymede?" "Magna<br> +Charta." "By whom was Magna Charta exacted from King John at Runnymede?"<br> +"By the barons." "From whom was," etc., etc.? "King John." "From what<br> +king," etc., etc.? "King John." "Where was Magna Charta," etc., etc.?<br> +"At Runnymede."<br> +<br> +And so on and so on, as long as your ingenuity can suggest questions to<br> +ask, or points of view from which to consider the statement. Your mind<br> +will be finally saturated with the information, and prepared to spill it<br> +out at the first squeeze of the examiner. This, however, is not new. It<br> +was taught in the schools hundreds of years before Loisette was born.<br> +Old newspaper men will recall in connection with it Horace Greeley's<br> +statement that the test of a news item was the clear and satisfactory<br> +manner in which a report answered the interrogatories, "What?" "When?"<br> +"Where?" "Who?" "Why?"<br> +<br> +In the same way Loisette advises the learning of poetry, e. g.:<br> +<br> +"The Assyrian came down like the wolf on the fold."<br> +<br> +"Who came down?"<br> +<br> +"How did the Assyian come down?"<br> +<br> +"Like what animal did?" etc.<br> +<br> +And so on and so on, until the verses are exhausted of every scrap of<br> +information to be had out of them by the most assiduous<br> +cross-examination.<br> +<br> +Whatever the reader may think of the availability or value of this part<br> +of the system, there are so many easily applicable tests of the worth of<br> +much that Loisette has done, that it may be taken with the rest.<br> +<br> +<br> +Few people, to give an easy example, can remember the value of the ratio<br> +between the circumference and the diameter of the circle beyond four<br> +places of decimals, or at most six--3.141592. Here is the value to 108<br> +decimal places:<br> +<br> +3.14159265.3589793238.4626433832.7950288419.7169399375.1058209749.-<br> +4459230781.6406286208.9986280348.2534211706.7982148086 plus.<br> +<br> +By a very simple application of the numerical letter values these 108<br> +decimal places can be carried in the mind and recalled about as fast as<br> +you can write them down. All that is to be done is to memorize these<br> +nonsense lines:<br> +<br> +Mother Day will buy any shawl.<br> +My love pick up my new muff.<br> +A Russian jeer may move a woman.<br> +Cables enough for Utopia.<br> +Get a cheap ham pie by my cooley.<br> +The slave knows a bigger ape.<br> +I rarely hop on my sick foot.<br> +Cheer a sage in a fashion safe.<br> +A baby fish now views my wharf.<br> +Annually Mary Ann did kiss a jay,<br> +A cabby found a rough savage.<br> +<br> +Now translate each significant into its proper value and you have the<br> +task accomplished. "Mother Day," m--3, th--l, r--4, d--l, and so on.<br> +Learn the lines one at a time by the method of interrogatories. "Who<br> +will buy any shawl?" "Which Mrs. Day will buy a shawl?" "Is Mother Day<br> +particular about the sort of shawl she will buy?" "Has she bought a<br> +shawl?" etc., etc. Then cement the end of each line to the beginning of<br> +the next one, thus, "Shawl"--"warm garment"--"warmth"--"love"--"my<br> +love," and go on as before. Stupid as the work may seem to you, you can<br> +memorize the figures in fifteen minutes this way so that you will not<br> +forget them in fifteen years. Similarly you can take Haydn's Dictionary<br> +of Dates and turn fact after fact into nonsense lines like these which<br> +you cannot lose.<br> +<br> +And this ought to be enough to show anybody the whole art. If you look<br> +back across the sands of time and find out that it is that ridiculous<br> +old "Thirty days hath September" which comes to you when you are trying<br> +to think of the length of October--if you can quote your old prosody,<br> +<br> + "O datur ambiguis," etc.,<br> +<br> +with much more certainty than you can serve up your Horace; if, in fine,<br> +jingles and alliterations, wise and otherwise, have stayed with you,<br> +while solid and serviceable information has faded away, you may be<br> +certain that here is the key to the enigma of memory.<br> +<br> +You can apply it yourself in a hundred ways. If you wish to clinch in<br> +your mind the fact that Mr. Love lives at 485 Dearborn Street, what is<br> +more easy than to turn 485 into the word "rifle" and chain the ideas<br> +together, say thus: "Love--happiness--good time--<br> +picnic--forest--wood--rangers--range--rifle range--rifle fine<br> +weapon--costly weapon--dearly bought--Dearborn."<br> +<br> +Or if you wish to remember Mr. Bowman's name and you notice he has a<br> +mole on his face which is apt to attract your attention when you next<br> +see him, cement the ideas thus:<br> +<br> +"Mole, mark, target, archer, Bowman."<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">MEMORY RHYMES.</span><br> +<br> +<br> +The Months.<br> +<br> + Thirty days hath September,<br> + April, June and November;<br> + All the rest have thirty-one,<br> + But February, which has twenty-eight alone.<br> + Except in leap-year; then's the time<br> + When February's days are twenty-nine.<br> +<br> +<br> +Birthdays.<br> +<br> + Monday for health,<br> + Tuesday for wealth,<br> + Wednesday best of all,<br> + Thursday for crosses,<br> + Friday for losses,<br> + Saturday no luck at all.<br> +<br> +<br> +The lines refer to the days of the week as birthdays. They are, in idea,<br> +the same as the more familiar lines:<br> +<br> + Monday's child is fair of face,<br> + Tuesday's child is full of grace;<br> + Wednesday's child is merry and glad,<br> + Thursday's child is sorry and sad;<br> + Friday's child is loving and giving;<br> + Saturday's child must work for its living;<br> + While the child that is born on the Sabbath day<br> + Is blithe and bonny and good and gay.<br> +<br> +<br> +Short Grammar.<br> +<br> + Three little words you often see<br> + Are Articles, a, an, and the.<br> + A Noun's the name of any thing,<br> + As school, or garden, hoop, or swing.<br> + Adjectives tell the kind of noun,<br> + As great, small, pretty, white, or brown.<br> + Instead of Nouns the Pronouns stand--<br> + His head, her face, your arm, my hand.<br> + Verbs tell something to be done--<br> + To read, count, laugh, sing, jump or run.<br> + How things are done the Adverbs tell--<br> + As slowly, quickly, ill or well.<br> + Conjunctions join the words together--<br> + As men and women, wind or weather.<br> + The Preposition stands before<br> + The noun, as in or through the door.<br> + The Interjection shows surprise--<br> + As Oh! how pretty, Ah! how wise.<br> + The whole are called nine parts of speech,<br> + Which reading, writing, speaking teach.<br> +<br> +<br> +To Tell the Age of Horses.<br> +<br> + To tell the age of any horse,<br> + Inspect the lower jaw, of course;<br> + The six front teeth the tale will tell,<br> + And every doubt and fear dispel.<br> +<br> + Two middle "nippers" you behold<br> + Before the colt is two weeks old,<br> + Before eight weeks will two more come;<br> + Eight months the "corners" cut the gum.<br> + The outside grooves will disappear<br> + From middle two in just one year.<br> + In two years, from the second pair;<br> + In three, the corners, too, are bare.<br> +<br> + At two the middle "nippers" drop;<br> + At three, the second pair can't stop.<br> + When four years old the third pair goes;<br> + At five a full new set he shows.<br> + The deep black spots will pass from view<br> + At six years from the middle two.<br> + The second pair at seven years;<br> + At eight the spot each "corner" clears.<br> + From middle "nippers" upper jaw,<br> + At nine the black spots will withdraw.<br> + The second pair at ten are white;<br> + Eleven finds the "corners" light.<br> + As time goes on, the horsemen know,<br> + The oval teeth three-sided grow;<br> + They longer get, project before,<br> + Till twenty, when we know no more.<br> +<br> +<br> +Bees.<br> +<br> + A swarm of bees in May<br> + Is worth a load of hay;<br> + A swarm of bees in June<br> + Is worth a silver spoon;<br> + A swarm of bees in July<br> + Is not worth a fly.<br> +<br> +<br> +The Cuckoo.<br> +<br> + May--sings all the day;<br> + June--changes his tune;<br> + July--prepares to fly;<br> + August--go he must.<br> +<br> +<br> +Rules for Riding.<br> +<br> + Keep up your head and your heart,<br> + Your hands and your heels keep down,<br> + Press your knees close to your horse's side,<br> + And your elbows close to your own.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br style="font-weight: bold;"> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">HAPPINESS DEFINED.</span><br> +<br> +Wanting nothing and knowing it.<br> +<br> +The mental sunshine of content.<br> +<br> +A "will-o'-the-wisp" which eludes us even when we grasp it.<br> +<br> +Excelsior! The ever-retreating summit on the hill of our ambition.<br> +<br> +The prize at the top of a greasy pole which is continually slipping from<br> +one's grasp.<br> +<br> +The only thing a man continues to search for after he has found it.<br> +<br> +The bull's-eye on the target at which all the human race are shooting.<br> +<br> +The goal erected for the human race, which few reach, being too heavily<br> +handicapped.<br> +<br> +A wayside flower growing only by the path of duty.<br> +<br> +A bright and beautiful butterfly, which many chase but few can take.<br> +<br> +The interest we receive from capital invested in good works.<br> +<br> +The birthright of contentment.<br> +<br> +A treasure which we search for far and wide, though oft-times it is<br> +lying at our feet.<br> +<br> +The summer weather of the mind.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">APPALLING DEPTHS OF SPACE.</span><br> +Distances that Stun the Mind and Baffle Comprehension.<br> +<br> +"The stars," though appearing small to us because of their immense<br> +distance, are in reality great and shining suns. If we were to escape<br> +from the earth into space, the moon, Jupiter, Saturn, and eventually the<br> +sun would become invisible. Mizar, the middle star in the tail of the<br> +Great Bear, is forty times as heavy as the sun. To the naked eye there<br> +are five or six thousand of these heavenly bodies visible.<br> +<br> +Cygni is the nearest star to us in this part of the sky. Alpha Centauri,<br> +in the constellation of Centaur, in the Southern Hemisphere, is the<br> +nearest of all the stars. The sun is off 93,000,000 miles; multiply this<br> +by 200,000, and the result is, roughly speaking, 20,000,000,000,000; and<br> +this is the distance we are from Alpha Centauri. At the speed of an<br> +electric current, 180,000 miles per second, a message to be sent from a<br> +point on the earth's surface would go seven times around the earth in<br> +one second. Let it be supposed that messages were sent off to the<br> +different heavenly bodies. To reach the moon at this rate it would take<br> +about one second. In eight minutes a message would get to the sun, and<br> +allowing for a couple of minutes' delay, one could send a message to the<br> +sun and get an answer all within twenty minutes. But to reach Alpha<br> +Centauri it would take three years; and as this is the nearest of the<br> +stars, what time must it take to get to the others? If, when Wellington<br> +won the battle of Waterloo, in 1815, the news had been telegraphed off<br> +immediately, there are some stars so remote that it would not yet have<br> +reached them. To go a step further, if in 1066 the result of the Norman<br> +Conquest had been wired to some of these stars, the message would still<br> +be on its way.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br style="font-weight: bold;"> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">SENATOR VEST'S EULOGY ON THE DOG.</span><br> +<br> +"Gentlemen of the Jury: The best friend a man has in this world may turn<br> +against him and become his enemy. His son and daughter that he has<br> +reared with loving care may become ungrateful. Those who are nearest and<br> +dearest to us, those whom we trust with our happiness and our good name,<br> +may become traitors to their faith. The money that a man has he may<br> +lose. It flies away from him when he may need it most. Man's reputation<br> +may be sacrificed in a moment of ill-considered action. The people who<br> +are prone to fall on their knees and do us honor when success is with us<br> +may be the first to throw the stone of malice when failure settles its<br> +cloud upon our head. The one absolutely unselfish friend a man may have<br> +in this selfish world, the one that never deserts him, the one that<br> +never proves ungrateful or treacherous, is the dog.<br> +<br> +"Gentlemen of the jury, A man's dog stands by him in prosperity and<br> +poverty, in health and in sickness. He will sleep on the cold ground,<br> +when the wintry winds blow and the snow drives fiercely, if only he may<br> +be near his master's side. He will kiss the hand that has no food to<br> +offer, he will lick the wounds and sores that come in encounter with the<br> +roughness of the world. He guards the sleep of his pauper master as if<br> +he were a prince.<br> +<br> +"When all other friends desert, he remains, when riches take wings and<br> +reputation falls to pieces he is as constant in his love as the sun in<br> +its journey through the heavens. If fortune drives the master forth an<br> +outcast into the world, friendless and homeless, the faithful dog asks<br> +no higher privilege than that of accompanying him, to guard him against<br> +danger, to fight against his enemies, and when the last scene of all<br> +comes and death takes his master in its embrace and his body is laid<br> +away in the cold ground, no matter if all other friends pursue their<br> +way, there by his graveside will the noble dog be found, his head<br> +between his paws and his eyes sad, but open in alert watchfulness,<br> +faithful and true even to death."<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">HEALTH AND BEAUTY</span><br> +<br> +WOULD YOU BE BEAUTIFUL?<br> +<br> +In womanly beauty the excellences expected and looked for are faultless<br> +symmetry of form and feature and a complexion varying in hue as the mind<br> +is affected by internal emotion, but with an expression of purity,<br> +gentleness, sensibility, refinement and intelligence.<br> +<br> +Moore, the poet, has given expression to his ideal of beauty in the<br> +following lines:<br> +<br> + "This was not the beauty--Oh, nothing like this,<br> + That to young Nourmahal gave such magic bliss;<br> + But that loveliness, ever in motion, which plays<br> + Like the light upon autumn's shadowy days.<br> +<br> + "Now here and now there, giving warmth as it flies<br> + From the lips to the cheek, from the cheek to the eyes;<br> + Now melting in mist, and now breaking in gleams<br> + Like the glimpses a saint has of heavenly dreams."<br> +<br> +Wordsworth expressed himself in the following lines:<br> +<br> + "He was among the prime in worth,<br> + An object beauteous to behold;<br> + Well born, well bred; I sent him forth<br> + Ingenuous, innocent, and bold."<br> +<br> +Perhaps you ask how you can attain beauty if you do not possess it; or,<br> +if you have some of its qualities, how you may get those you are<br> +lacking. If you will practice the following rules you will grow more and<br> +more beautiful in the eyes of others, even if age does bring gray hair<br> +and a wrinkled skin:<br> +<br> +First.--Cleanliness is next to godliness. Practice it in every feature<br> +of your daily life.<br> +<br> +Second.--Have some purpose to achieve and steadfastly work to attain it.<br> +<br> +Third--Cultivate self-discipline; be master of your passions, under all<br> +circumstances.<br> +<br> +Fourth.--Study to know the laws of life that yield harmony and good<br> +health and obey them. Look on the bright side of life always.<br> +<br> +Fifth.--Avoid intemperance in all things.<br> +<br> +Sixth.--Cultivate every mental and bodily quality that will make you<br> +firm in goodness, strong and physically able to be useful to your kind,<br> +generous and broad-minded, self-sacrificing, and you will daily and<br> +hourly be lovely and grow into the beautiful.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br style="font-weight: bold;"> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">CARE OF THE SCALP AND HAIR.</span><br> +<br> +Beautiful hair, beautiful skin and a beautiful form are the three graces<br> +which are the birthright of every woman, but which, through lack of good<br> +judgment and common sense, or through thoughtlessness on the part of<br> +mothers of growing children, comparatively few possess.<br> +<br> +Beautiful hair is one of nature's greatest gifts, and yet we never seem<br> +to appreciate it until there is danger of losing it, or until it becomes<br> +faded and lusterless because we have not used the right means for<br> +preserving it.<br> +<br> +The beauty and continuance of the hair depend upon its proper<br> +nourishment, gained by the circulation of blood through the scalp, and<br> +this must be maintained to keep the hair in good condition.<br> +<br> +The structure of the hair is very beautiful, and each hair is contained<br> +in a delicate sheath which fits into a slight depression in the skin<br> +called the follicle, and around the base of the hair nature has provided<br> +glands to secrete oily matter, the purpose of which is to keep the hair<br> +glossy.<br> +<br> +In early maturity the hair reaches the state of greatest beauty, and at<br> +this time the greatest care should be given it, feeding and nourishing<br> +it as we would a plant--giving it plenty of air and sunlight, carefully<br> +shampooing at least once in ten days. Massage the scalp to keep it loose<br> +and flexible. Use electricity, a good tonic, and occasionally singe the<br> +split ends.<br> +<br> +If this process is commenced at the right time, the result will be fewer<br> +cases of baldness in men and thin, poor hair in women.<br> +<br> +The hair should also be worn loosely, forming a soft frame for the face,<br> +which is always more becoming than tightly drawn hair. Many women drag<br> +their hair out by the roots by tying back too firmly.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">CARE OF THE SKIN.</span><br> +<br> +A beautiful skin is smooth, soft and clear; the color varies in<br> +different individuals. In perfect health it is moist and with the<br> +delicate shading of a flower--climate, hair and eyes, of course,<br> +determining the color, and the continued beauty of it depending upon<br> +pure blood, fresh air and sunlight, also perfect cleanliness and care.<br> +<br> +The pores should always be kept free from obstruction and extremes of<br> +heat and cold avoided as much as possible. In health, the care of the<br> +skin is a simple matter, massage being a great factor, assisted always<br> +by the use of pure creams. A good cleansing cream is a great necessity,<br> +as it enters the pores and frees them from dirt, leaving the skin soft<br> +and pliable, in which condition it is ready to absorb the skin food when<br> +the finger massage is given, making it possible for the gentle electric<br> +current to force the ointment into the deeper layers of the skin, thus<br> +effecting the removal of moth patches, tan, freckles and other<br> +discolorations and imperfections. The vibratory massage should follow,<br> +the purpose of which is to stimulate the tissues, throwing off worn-out<br> +particles and increasing the circulation of the blood by giving proper<br> +exercise to the facial muscles, thereby restoring and preserving the<br> +color and contour, making the skin beautiful, clear, eradicating and<br> +preventing wrinkles.<br> +<br> +The use of a pure face powder is absolutely necessary. Best results are<br> +obtained by using a blended powder, as the skin tint is thus assured.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">TO DEVELOP THE BUST.</span><br> +<br> +A beautiful bust is the desire and admiration of every woman. If nature<br> +has not been kind in this respect, any woman can develop a beautiful<br> +bust by exercise, bathing and gentle massage with a good bust ointment<br> +or skin food.<br> +<br> +Electric massage is very beneficial, and if properly given, brings quick<br> +and sure results.<br> +<br> +Swimming and deep breathing are great aids.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">CARE OF THE HANDS.</span><br> +<br> +A study of the hand is very interesting, and if mothers understood more<br> +of its beautiful construction many of the little accidents which result<br> +in deformed finger nails could be avoided. Mothers should attend most<br> +carefully to the early cultivation of their children's finger nails, as<br> +the habit of biting them is so easily formed and is sure to permanently<br> +destroy their beauty.<br> +<br> +A perfect hand is rounded and plump, soft, white and dimpled, with<br> +tapering finger tips and filbert-shaped nails, snowing the little<br> +half-moon.<br> +<br> +It is possible for any woman to have such a hand if she is willing to<br> +take time once a week to have the nails treated and to give them a<br> +little personal attention each day. Great care should be taken in<br> +washing the hands. A mild soap should be used, and particular attention<br> +paid to the thorough drying of them, after which a good cuticle cream<br> +should be applied and well rubbed in. The same cream may be used to<br> +loosen the cuticle at the base of the nail, when it can be gently pushed<br> +back, thus keeping the half-moon exposed. An orange-wood stick should<br> +always be used to clean the nails.<br> +<br> +Massaging the hands at least once a month aids wonderfully in making<br> +them symmetrical and keeping the joints flexible and the skin free from<br> +dark spots and wrinkles.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br style="font-weight: bold;"> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">INFANT FEEDING AND MANAGEMENT.</span><br> +<br> +It is of prime importance in feeding an infant to do this at regular<br> +intervals, since during the first three months of its life the feeding<br> +habits of the child should be established, and if care be used in this<br> +regard the child will wake of its own accord at the proper time. The<br> +last meal at night should be at 11 p. m., and if the child is healthy<br> +and will sleep it need not be fed until 3 to 5 a. m. the following<br> +morning. In both breast and artificial feeding the above applies, and<br> +the same method should be employed; namely, the child should be held in<br> +the arms during the meal, which should last from ten to fifteen minutes.<br> +<br> +<br> +Both in breast and artificial feeding it is possible to overfeed the<br> +child. Many infants are systematically overfed. The young mother should<br> +understand how small an infant's stomach is. At birth it will hold a<br> +little more than an ounce of fluid, or two tablespoonfuls, and at the<br> +end of two months only three ounces. If, therefore, the mother persists<br> +in trying to give the child four ounces of food, the child will suffer<br> +from an excess. Many children during the first few mouths of life bring<br> +up their food, and the mother fears that there is some inherited<br> +tendency to weak digestion. It is wrong to feed a child simply because<br> +it cries, as very frequently it is not a cry of hunger, but one caused<br> +by indigestion from overfeeding.<br> +<br> +If the child is being fed with the bottle it is important that the food<br> +be given at a temperature of 100 deg. F., or as nearly that as possible;<br> +never over; and if the child be fed out of doors in its carriage it is<br> +well to have a flannel bag of some kind to slip over the bottle to keep<br> +it at the same temperature until the meal is finished. Many cases of<br> +colic are caused by inattention to this point.<br> +<br> +It is a common mistake that when a child cries it needs additional food.<br> +There are many cases where a little drink of water is the prime need of<br> +the child, and great care should be taken that this is heated to the<br> +proper temperature, and especially that no water be given to the child<br> +except that which has been boiled. A few teaspoonfuls should be given to<br> +the child, therefore, several times a day, but aside from that he should<br> +have nothing but his regular food until he is at least a year old. For<br> +the same reason, therefore, if a child be fed by the bottle, the water<br> +used in preparing the food should have been previously boiled, and care<br> +should be exercised not to expose the food to the air during or after<br> +its preparation. It should be remembered that the food of a child must<br> +be nutritious, and that in this food, especially when at the proper<br> +temperature for the infant, bacteria from the air will flourish<br> +wonderfully fast, and therefore the food should not be exposed to<br> +possible contamination.<br> +<br> +It is of very great importance that the feeding-bottles be always clean<br> +and sweet. It is an advantage to have several bottles on hand, and also<br> +two or three brushes for cleaning. Keep a special vessel, with water in<br> +which there is a little bicarbonate of soda, so that the moment the<br> +bottle is used it may be thoroughly washed and kept in the water. Do not<br> +use a nipple with a rubber tube, but the short, black rubber nipples,<br> +which fit over the mouth of the bottle. Do not enlarge the hole in the<br> +nipple, so as to make it too easy for the baby to draw its food,<br> +otherwise the food being taken so rapidly into the stomach will often<br> +cause pain or vomiting. In washing the nipples turn them inside out and<br> +see that they are as thoroughly cleaned as possible, and keep them for<br> +use in a bottle filled with boiled water with a pinch of boric acid<br> +added.<br> +<br> +<br> +The First Nursing.<br> +<br> +It is very important that the child should be put to the breast<br> +immediately after it is washed. This is very necessary, both for the<br> +mother and the child, and prevents subsequent troubles. The fluid<br> +contained in the breast is at this stage called colostrum, and is<br> +intended by Nature to act upon the child as a laxative. This first<br> +nursing stimulates the secretion of the milk and causes uterine<br> +contraction, which is very much needed at this time. It is well to wash<br> +the infant's mouth out with sterilized water every time it feeds. For<br> +this purpose use clean water which has been boiled and allowed to cool,<br> +or a solution of boric acid in boiled water--5 grains to the ounce of<br> +water.<br> +<br> +Infants, as a rule, should be bathed once a day, but never immediately<br> +after being nursed or fed. In very warm weather a child may be sponged<br> +in the evening as well as in the morning. The water for the bath of a<br> +young baby should be warm, and the temperature can be judged by testing<br> +it with the elbow, which is more sensitive than the hand. Lay a small<br> +blanket on the lap, cover the child with a flannel and sponge it under<br> +the clothes. This prevents it from taking cold from exposure, The room<br> +should not be cooler than 68 deg. F., and the door must be kept closed<br> +to avoid drafts. Use only pure white soap, and a soft cloth is better<br> +than a sponge. The body should be carefully dried and lightly powdered<br> +to absorb any moisture that may remain.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">THE NAMES OF THE MONTHS.</span><br + style="font-weight: bold;"> +<br style="font-weight: bold;"> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">THE DERIVATIONS OF THE NAMES OF THE +MONTHS.</span><br> +<br> +January.--The Roman god Janus presided over the beginning of everything;<br> +hence the first month of the year was called after him.<br> +<br> +February.--The Roman festival Februs was held on the 15th day of this<br> +month, in honor of Lupercus, the god of fertility.<br> +<br> +March--Named from the Roman god of war, Mars.<br> +<br> +April.--Latin, Aprilis, probably derived from aperire, to open; because<br> +spring generally begins, and the buds open in this month.<br> +<br> +May.--Lat. Maius, probably derived from Maia, a feminine divinity<br> +worshiped at Rome on the first day of this month.<br> +<br> +June.--Juno, a Roman divinity worshiped as the Queen of Heaven.<br> +<br> +July (Julius)--Julius Caesar was born in this month.<br> +<br> +August.--Named by the Emperor Augustus Caesar, B. C. 30, after himself,<br> +as he regarded it as a fortunate month, being that in which he had<br> +gained several victories.<br> +<br> +September (septem, or 7).--September was the seventh month in the old<br> +Roman calendar.<br> +<br> +October (octo, or 8).--Eighth month of the old Roman year.<br> +<br> +November (novem, or 9).-November was the ninth month in the old Roman<br> +year.<br> +<br> +December (decem, or 10).--December was the tenth month of the early<br> +Roman year. About the 21st of this month the sun enters the Tropic of<br> +Capricorn, and forms the winter solstice.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">DAYS OF THE WEEK.</span><br> +<br> +Sunday, (Saxon) Sunnandaed, day of the sun,<br> +<br> +Monday, (German) Montag, day or the moon.<br> +<br> +Tuesday, (Anglo-Saxon) Tiwesdaeg, from Tiw, the god of war.<br> +<br> +Wednesday, (Anglo-Saxon) Wodnesdaeg, from Odin, the god of storms.<br> +<br> +Thursday, (Danish) Thor, the god of thunder.<br> +<br> +Friday, (Saxon) Frigedaeg, day of Freya, goddess of marriage.<br> +<br> +Saturday, the day of Saturn, the god of time.<br> +<br> +The names of the seven days of the week originated with the Egyptian<br> +astronomers. They gave them the names of the sun, moon, and five<br> +planets, viz.: Mars, Mercury, Jupiter, Venus and Saturn.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">WHAT HOUSEKEEPERS SHOULD REMEMBER.</span><br> +<br> +That cold rain water and soap will remove machine grease from washable<br> +fabrics.<br> +<br> +That fish may be scaled much easier by first dipping them into boiling<br> +water for a minute.<br> +<br> +That fresh meat beginning to sour will sweeten if placed outdoors in the<br> +cool air over night.<br> +<br> +That milk which has changed may be sweetened or rendered fit for use<br> +again by stirring in a little soda.<br> +<br> +That a tablespoonful of turpentine boiled with your white clothes will<br> +greatly aid the whitening process.<br> +<br> +That kerosene will soften boots and shoes that have been hardened by<br> +water and will render them as pliable as new.<br> +<br> +That thoroughly wetting the hair once or twice with a solution of salt<br> +and water will keep it from falling out.<br> +<br> +That salt fish are quickest and best freshened by soaking in sour milk.<br> +<br> +That salt will curdle new milk; hence, in preparing porridge, gravies,<br> +etc., salt should not be added until the dish is prepared.<br> +<br> +That one teaspoonful of ammonia to a teacup of water, applied with a<br> +rag, will clean silver or gold jewelry perfectly.<br> +<br> +That paint stains that are dry and old may be removed from cotton and<br> +woolen goods with chloroform. It is a good plan to first cover the spot<br> +with olive oil or butter.<br> +<br> +That clear boiling water will remove tea stains. Pour the water through<br> +the stain and thus prevent it spreading over the fabric.<br> +<br> +That charcoal is recommended as an absorbent of gases in the milk-room<br> +where foul gases are present. It should be freshly powdered and kept<br> +there continually, especially in hot weather, when unwholesome odors are<br> +most liable to infect the milk.<br> +<br> +That applying kerosene with a rag, when you are about to put your stoves<br> +away for the summer, will prevent them from rusting. Treat your farming<br> +implements in the same way before you lay them aside for the fall.<br> +<br> +That a teaspoonful of borax, put in the last water in which clothes are<br> +rinsed, will whiten them surprisingly. Pound the borax so it will<br> +dissolve easily. This is especially good to remove the yellow that time<br> +gives to white garments that have been laid aside for two or three<br> +years.<br> +<br> +That a good agency for keeping the air of the cellar sweet and wholesome<br> +is whitewash made of good white lime and water only. The addition of<br> +glue or size, or anything of that kind, only furnishes organic matter to<br> +speedily putrefy. The use of lime in whitewash is not only to give a<br> +white color, but it greatly promotes the complete oxidation of effluvia<br> +in the cellar air. Any vapors that contain combined nitrogen in the<br> +unoxidized form contribute powerfully to the development of disease<br> +germs.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br style="font-weight: bold;"> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">CHARACTER AS SEEN IN FACES.</span><br> +<br> +Thick lips indicate genius and conservatism. Large dilating nostrils are<br> +a sign of poetic temperament and a sensitive nature. A long forehead<br> +denotes liberality. Arched eyebrows, good ancestry and amiability. A<br> +bold, projecting Roman nose indicates enterprise. Delicate nose, good<br> +nature. A large nose, strength of will and character. An eye that looks<br> +one cheerfully and frankly in the face shows honesty and faithfulness.<br> +Lips slightly curved upward at the ends indicate a fine sense of humor.<br> +Soft round cheeks denote gentleness and affection; dimples in the<br> +cheeks, roguery; in the chin, one who falls easily in love. A broad chin<br> +denotes firmness. Straight lips, firmly closed, resolution. Large ears<br> +denote generosity.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">BELL TIME ON SHIPBOARD.</span><br> +<br> +Time on shipboard is divided into periods of four hours--from midnight<br> +to midnight--and the lapse of every half hour is marked by one or more<br> +strokes of the bell--from one stroke for the end of the first half hour<br> +to eight strokes or, in nautical language, eight bells, for the end of<br> +the fourth hour. Thus 12:30 a. m. is 1 bell; 1:00 a. m., 2 bells; 1:30<br> +a. m., 3 bells; 2:00 a. m., 4 bells; 2:30 a. m., 5 bells; 3:00 a. m., 6<br> +bells; 3:30 a. m., 7 bells; 4:00 a. m., 8 bells. Then 4:30 a. m. is<br> +indicated by 1 bell; 5:00 a. m., 2 bells, etc.; 8 bells being sounded at<br> +8:00 a. m., 12:00 m., 4:00 p. m., 8:00 p. m. and 12:00 p. m.<br> +<br> +Four to 8:00 p. m. is divided into two "dog watches" called "first dog<br> +watch" and "last dog watch," so as to change the watches daily;<br> +otherwise starboard or port watch would be on deck the same hours day<br> +after day.<br> +<br> +<br style="font-weight: bold;"> +<br style="font-weight: bold;"> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">QUEER ANALOGIES IN NATURE.</span><br> +<br> +The cocoanut is, in many respects, like the human skull, although it<br> +closely resembles the skull of the monkey. A sponge may be so held as to<br> +remind one of the unfleshed face of the skeleton, and the meat of an<br> +English walnut is almost the exact representation of the brain. Plums<br> +and black cherries resemble the human eyes; almonds, and some other<br> +nuts, resemble the different varieties of the human nose, and an opened<br> +oyster and its shell are a perfect image of the human ear. The shape of<br> +almost any man's body may be found in the various kinds of mammoth<br> +pumpkins. The open hand may be discerned in the form assumed by<br> +scrub-willows and growing celery. The German turnip and the eggplant<br> +resemble the human heart. There are other striking resemblances between<br> +human organs and certain vegetable forms, The forms of many mechanical<br> +contrivances in common use may be traced back to the patterns furnished<br> +by nature. Thus, the hog suggested the plow; the butterfly, the ordinary<br> +hinge; the toadstool, the umbrella; the duck, the ship; the fungous<br> +growth on trees, the bracket. Anyone desirous of proving the oneness of<br> +the earthly system will find the resemblances in nature a most amusing<br> +study.--Scientific American.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">MODERN FABLES.</span><br> +<br> +Luxury.<br> +<br> +Of two cats, one, thinking to be very fine, hunted only humming birds,<br> +and the other hunted only mice. The first had to hunt much longer than<br> +the other, because humming birds were scarce, so that it spent nearly<br> +all its life in getting food, while the other had little trouble to get<br> +all it wanted. "How unfortunate it is," said the first cat, "that I have<br> +formed my liking for what is so hard to get and is so little when I have<br> +it."<br> +<br> +<br> +Fastidiousness.<br> +<br> +A fastidious ox would not drink while standing in the water with his<br> +head turned down stream lest he should soil the water with his feet. But<br> +once when drinking with his head turned up stream he saw a whole drove<br> +of hogs washing in the water above him.<br> +<br> +<br> +Attracting Attention.<br> +<br> +A flea, which saw many people trying to get the attention of a king and<br> +waiting long for that purpose, said: "Though I am but a little thing, I<br> +will get his attention." So he jumped up the throne until he got on the<br> +king's head. Here he received recognition from the king by a slap, and<br> +when he boasted to a dog of his success, the latter said: "Some get<br> +attention by their merit, others by their demerit. In making yourself a<br> +nuisance you get recognition before the lords of the realm, but only as<br> +a flea."<br> +<br> +<br> +Gambling.<br> +<br> +A monkey playing with a steel trap got his tail cut off. He went back<br> +the next day to get his tail, when he got his foot cut off. "Now," he<br> +said, "I will go back and get both my foot and my tail." He went back,<br> +and the third time he got his head cut off, which ended his monkeying<br> +with the trap.<br> +<br> +<br> +Mugwumpery.<br> +<br> +A mule on one side of a fence was discontented because he was not on the<br> +other side. He finally jumped over, when he was equally discontented<br> +because he was not back again. "Which side of the fence do you want to<br> +be on?" asked a horse. "It does not matter," replied the mule, "provided<br> +I am on the other side."<br> +<br> +<br> +The Non-Partisan.<br> +<br> +A dog, running about in an irregular way, was asked where he was going.<br> +"I am not going anywhere," replied the dog, "but only running about to<br> +learn where to go."<br> +<br> +<br> +Partisanship.<br> +<br> +The swans, wishing to drive the peacocks from a park, procured a law<br> +against big feet. The peacocks retaliated by getting a counter law<br> +against big necks. Soon one side could see nothing but ugly feet, and<br> +the other nothing but long necks. At last they came to think peacocks<br> +were all feet and swans all neck.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br style="font-weight: bold;"> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">NUMBER OF MILES BY WATER FROM NEW YORK.</span><br> +<br> +To Amsterdam, 3,510;<br> +Bermudas, 660;<br> +Bombay, 11,574;<br> +Boston, 310;<br> +Buenos Ayres, 7,110;<br> +Calcutta, 12,425;<br> +Canton, 13,900;<br> +Cape Horn, 8,115;<br> +Cape of Good Hope, 6,830;<br> +Charleston, 750;<br> +Columbia River, 15,965;<br> +Constantinople, 5,140;<br> +Dublin, 3,225;<br> +Gibraltar, 3,300;<br> +Halifax, 612;<br> +Hamburg, 3,775;<br> +Havana, 1,420;<br> +Havre, 3,210;<br> +Kingston, 1,640;<br> +Lima, 11,310;<br> +Liverpool, 3,210;<br> +London, 3,375;<br> +Madras, 11,850;<br> +Naples, 4,330;<br> +New Orleans, 2,045;<br> +Panama, 2,358;<br> +Pekin, 15,325;<br> +Philadelphia, 240;<br> +Quebec, 1,400;<br> +Rio Janeiro, 3,840;<br> +Sandwich Islands, 15,300;<br> +San Francisco, 15,858;<br> +St. Petersburg, 4,420;<br> +Valparaiso, 9,750;<br> +Washington, 400;<br> +around the Globe, 25,000.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">BUSINESS LAW IN BRIEF</span><br> +<br> +It is a fraud to conceal a fraud.<br> +<br> +Ignorance of the law excuses no one.<br> +<br> +A contract made on a Sunday is void.<br> +<br> +A contract made with a lunatic is void.<br> +<br> +The act of one partner binds all the others.<br> +<br> +An agreement without consideration is void.<br> +<br> +The law compels no one to do impossibilities.<br> +<br> +Agents are liable to their principals for errors.<br> +<br> +Principals are liable for the acts of their agents.<br> +<br> +A receipt for money paid is not legally conclusive.<br> +<br> +Signatures made with a lead pencil are good in law.<br> +<br> +The seal of a party to a written contract imports consideration.<br> +<br> +A contract made with a minor cannot be enforced against him. A note made<br> +by a minor is voidable.<br> +<br> +Each individual in a partnership is liable for the whole amount of the<br> +debts of the firm.<br> +<br> +A note which does not state on its face that it bears interest, will<br> +bear interest only after due.<br> +<br> +A lease of land for a longer term than one year is void unless in<br> +writing.<br> +<br> +An indorser of a note is exempt from liability if notice of its dishonor<br> +is not mailed or served within twenty-four hours of its non-payment.<br> +<br> +In case of the death of the principal maker of a note, the holder is not<br> +required to notify a surety that the note is not paid, before the<br> +settlement of the maker's estate. Notes obtained by fraud, or made by an<br> +intoxicated person, are not collectible.<br> +<br> +If no time of payment is specified in a note it is payable on demand.<br> +<br> +An indorser can avoid liability by writing "without recourse" beneath<br> +his signature.<br> +<br> +A check indorsed by the payee is evidence of payment in the drawer's<br> +hands.<br> +<br> +An outlawed debt is revived should the debtor make a partial payment.<br> +<br> +If negotiable paper, pledged to a bank as security for the payment of a<br> +loan or debt, falls due, and the bank fails to demand payment and have<br> +it protested when dishonored, the bank is liable to the owner for the<br> +full amount of the paper.<br> +<br> +Want of consideration--a common defense interposed to the payment of<br> +negotiable paper--is a good defense between the original parties to the<br> +paper; but after it has been transferred before maturity to an innocent<br> +holder for value it is not a defense.<br> +<br> +Sometimes the holder of paper has the right to demand payment before<br> +maturity; for instance, when a draft has been protested for<br> +non-acceptance and the proper notices served, the holder may at once<br> +proceed against the drawer and indorsers.<br> +<br> +Negotiable paper, payable to bearer or indorser in blank, which has been<br> +stolen or lost, cannot be collected by the thief or finder, but a holder<br> +who receives it in good faith before maturity, for value, can hold it<br> +against the owner's claims at the time it was lost.<br> +<br> +If a note or draft is to be paid in the State where it is made, the<br> +contract will be governed by the laws of that State. When negotiable<br> +paper is payable in a State other than that in which it is made, the<br> +laws of that State will govern it. Marriage contracts, if valid where<br> +they are made, are valid everywhere. Contracts relating to personal<br> +property are governed by the laws of the place where made, except those<br> +relating to real estate, which are governed by the laws of the place<br> +where the land is situated.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">THE RIGHT OF DOWER.</span><br> +<br> +Dower is one-third of the husband's estate, and in general cannot be<br> +destroyed by the mere act of the husband. Hence, in the sale of real<br> +estate by the husband, his wife must, with the husband, sign the<br> +conveyance to make the title complete to the purchaser. In the absence<br> +of such signature, the widow can claim full dower rights after the<br> +husband's death. Creditors, also, seize the property subject to such<br> +dower rights.<br> +<br> +The husband in his will sometimes gives his wife property in lieu of<br> +dowry. In this case, she may, after his death, elect to take either such<br> +property or her dower; but she cannot take both. While the husband lives<br> +the wife's right of dower in only inchoate; it cannot be enforced.<br> +Should he sell the land to a stranger, she has no right of action or<br> +remedy until his death.<br> +<br> +In all cases the law of the State in which the land is situated governs<br> +it, and, as in the case of heirship, full information must be sought for<br> +in statute which is applicable.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">MARRIAGE AND DIVORCE.</span><br> +<br> +Marriage may be entered into by any two persons, with the following<br> +exceptions: Idiots, lunatics, persons of unsound mind, persons related<br> +by blood or affinity within certain degrees prohibited by law, infants<br> +under the age of consent, which varies in the different States, and all<br> +persons already married and not legally divorced.<br> +<br> +The causes for which a divorce may be obtained vary greatly in the<br> +different States. In South Carolina only fraud and force are recognized<br> +as invalidating the marriage tie, this State having no divorce law. In<br> +the District of Columbia and all the other States with the exception of<br> +Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan and Virginia, cruelty is a statutory<br> +cause, and desertion in all but New York. In most of the States neglect<br> +is also recognized as a valid cause. Imprisonment for crime is a cause<br> +in all except Florida, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey and New York.<br> +Physical inability is a cause in all the States except California,<br> +Connecticut, Idaho, North Dakota and Texas. Intemperance, in all but<br> +Massachusetts, New Jersey, North Carolina, North Dakotah, Rhode Island,<br> +Vermont, Virginia and West Virginia. The time of residence required to<br> +secure a divorce varies from 6 months in Idaho, Nebraska, Nevada and<br> +Texas to 3 to 5 years in Massachusetts. In most States it is one year.<br> +Remarriage is permitted in all the States having divorce laws except<br> +Georgia, and alimony is also provided for in all these States.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">RIGHTS OF MARRIED WOMEN.</span><br> +<br> +Any and all property which a woman owns at her marriage, together with<br> +rents, issues and profits thereof, and the property which comes to her<br> +by descent, devise, bequest, gift or grant, or which she acquires by her<br> +trade, business, labor, or services performed on her separate account,<br> +shall, notwithstanding her marriage, remain her sole and separate<br> +property, and may be used, collected and invested by her in her own<br> +name, and shall not be subject to the interference or control of her<br> +husband, or be liable for his debts, unless for such debts as may have<br> +been contracted for the support of herself or children by her as his<br> +agent.<br> +<br> +A married woman may likewise bargain, sell, assign, transfer and convey<br> +such property, and enter into contracts regarding the same on her<br> +separate trade, labor or business with the like effect as if she were<br> +unmarried. Her husband, however, is not liable for such contracts, and<br> +they do not render him or his property in any way liable therefor. She<br> +may also sue and be sued in all matters having relation to her sale and<br> +separate property in the same manner as if she were sole.<br> +<br> +In the following cases a married woman's contract may be enforced<br> +against her and her separate estate: 1. When the contract is created in<br> +or respecting the carrying on of the trade or business of the wife. 2.<br> +When it relates to or is made for the sole benefit of her sole or<br> +separate estate. 3. When the intention to charge the separate estate is<br> +expressed in the contract creating the liability.<br> +<br> +When a husband receives a principal sum of money belonging to his wife,<br> +the law presumes he receives it for her use, and he must account for it,<br> +or expend it on her account by her authority or direction, or that she<br> +gave it to him as a gift. If he receives interest or income and spends<br> +it with her knowledge and without objection, a gift will be presumed<br> +from acquiescence.<br> +<br> +Money received by a husband from his wife and expended by him, under her<br> +direction, on his land, in improving the home of the family, is a gift,<br> +and cannot be recovered by the wife, or reclaimed, or an account<br> +demanded.<br> +<br> +An appropriation by a wife, herself, of her separate property to the use<br> +and benefit of her husband, in the absence of all agreement to repay, or<br> +any circumstances from which such an agreement can be inferred, will not<br> +create the relation of debtor and creditor, nor render the husband<br> +liable to account.<br> +<br> +Though no words of gift be spoken, a gift by a wife to her husband may<br> +be shown by the very nature of the transaction, or appear from the<br> +attending circumstances.<br> +<br> +A wife who causelessly deserts her husband is not entitled to the aid of<br> +a court of equity in getting possession of such chattels as she has<br> +contributed to the furnishing and adornment of her husband's house. Her<br> +legal title remains, and she could convey her interest to a third party<br> +by sale, and said party would have a good title, unless her husband<br> +should prove a gift.<br> +<br> +Wife's property is not liable to a lien of a sub-contractor for<br> +materials furnished to the husband for the erection of a building<br> +thereon, where it is not shown that the wife was notified of the<br> +intention to furnish the materials, or a settlement made with the<br> +contractor and given to the wife, her agent or trustee.<br> +<br> +The common law of the United States has some curious provisions<br> +regarding the rights of married women, though in all the States there<br> +are statutory provisions essentially modifying this law. As it now<br> +stands the husband is responsible for necessaries supplied to the wife<br> +even should he not fail to supply them himself, and is held liable if he<br> +turn her from his house, or otherwise separates himself from her without<br> +good cause. He is not held liable if the wife deserts him, or if he<br> +turns her away for good cause. If she leaves him through good cause,<br> +then he is liable. If a man lives with a woman as his wife, and so<br> +represents her, even though this representation is made to one who knows<br> +she is not, he is liable the same way as if she were his wife.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">THE LAW OF FINDING.</span><br> +<br> +The general rule is that the finder has a clear title against every one<br> +but the owner. The proprietor of a hotel or a shop has no right to<br> +demand property of others found on his premises. Such proprietors may<br> +make regulations in regard to lost property which will bind their<br> +employes, but they cannot bind the public. The finder has been held to<br> +stand in the place of the owner, so that he was permitted to prevail in<br> +all action against a person who found an article which the plaintiff had<br> +originally found, but subsequently lost. The police have no special<br> +rights in regard to articles lost, unless those rights are conferred by<br> +statute. Receivers of articles found are trustees for the owner or<br> +finder. They have no power in the absence of special statute to keep an<br> +article against the finder, any more than the finder has to retain an<br> +article against the owner.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">THE LAW OF COPYRIGHT.</span><br> +<br> +The new copyright law, which went into effect July 1, 1909, differs in<br> +many respects from the law previously in force. Its main provisions are<br> +given below, but those desiring to avail themselves of its protection<br> +should write to the Register of Copyrights, Library of Congress,<br> +Washington, D. C., for full instructions and the necessary blanks. etc.<br> +The new law provides that the application for registration of any work<br> +"shall specify to which of the following classes the work in which<br> +copyright is claimed belongs": (a) Books, including composite and<br> +cyclopedic works, directories, gazetteers, and other compilations; (b)<br> +periodicals, including newspapers; (c) lectures, sermons, addresses<br> +prepared for oral delivery: (d) dramatic or dramatico-musical<br> +compositions; (c) musical compositions; (f) maps; (g) works of art;<br> +models or designs for works of art; (h) reproductions of a work of art;<br> +(i) drawings or plastic works of a scientific or technical character:<br> +(j) photographs; (k) prints and pictorial illustrations.<br> +<br> +<br> +Necessary Steps to Secure Copyright.<br> +<br> +For works reproduced in copies for sale: 1. Publish the work with the<br> +copyright notice. The notice may be in the form "Copyright, 19 .....<br> +(year date of publication) by (name of copyright proprietor)." 2.<br> +Promptly after publication, send to the Copyright Office, Library of<br> +Congress, Washington, D. C., two copies of the best edition of the work,<br> +with an application for registration and a money order payable to the<br> +Register of Copyrights for the statutory registration fee of $l.<br> +<br> +In the case of books by American authors, or permanent residents of the<br> +United States, the copies deposited must be accompanied by an affidavit,<br> +under the official seal of an officer authorized to administer oaths,<br> +stating that the typesetting, printing and binding of the book have been<br> +performed within the United States. Affidavit and application forms will<br> +be supplied on request.<br> +<br> +Books of foreign origin in a language or languages other than English<br> +are not required to be manufactured in the United States. In the case of<br> +a book in the English language published abroad before publication in<br> +this country, an ad interim copyright for 30 days may be secured under<br> +certain conditions.<br> +<br> +Copyright may also be had of certain classes of works (see a, b, c,<br> +below) of which copies are not reproduced for sale, by filing an<br> +application for registration, with the statutory fee of $1, sending<br> +therewith: (a) in the case of lectures or other oral addresses or of<br> +dramatic or musical compositions, one complete manuscript or typewritten<br> +copy of the work. Registration, however, does not exempt the copyright<br> +proprietor from the deposit of printed copies. (b) In the case of<br> +photographs not intended for general circulation, one photographic<br> +print. (c) In the case of works of art (paintings, drawings, sculpture),<br> +or of drawings or plastic works of a scientific or technical character,<br> +one photograph or other identifying reproduction of the work. In all<br> +these cases, if the work is later reproduced in copies for sale, such<br> +copies must be deposited.<br> +<br> +<br> +Duration of Copyright.<br> +<br> +The original term of copyright runs for twenty-eight years, and may be<br> +renewed under certain conditions for a further term of twenty-eight<br> +years, making fifty-six years in all.<br> +<br> +<br> +Assignments.<br> +<br> +Copyrights are assignable by any instrument of writing.<br> +<br> +Every assignment of copyright must be recorded in the Copyright Office<br> +within three months after its execution in the United States or within<br> +six months after its execution without the limits of the United States.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">LEGAL HOLIDAYS IN VARIOUS STATES.</span><br> +<br> +Jan. 1, New Year's Day. All the States (including District of Columbia),<br> +except Mass., Miss. and N. H.<br> +<br> +Jan. 19, Lee's Birthday. In Ga., Fla., N. C, S. C., Va., Ala., Ark.<br> +<br> +Feb. 12, Lincoln's Birthday. In Col., Conn., Del., Ill., Kans., Mass.,<br> +Minn., Nev., N. J., N. Y., N. Dak., Penn., Wash. and Wyo.<br> +<br> +Feb. 22. Washington's Birthday. In all the States and District of<br> +Columbia; in Miss., observed in the schools.<br> +<br> +April 14, 1911, Good Friday. In Ala., Dela., Fla., La., Md., Minn.,<br> +N.J., Penn., Tenn.<br> +<br> +April 19, Patriots' Day. In Me. and Mass.<br> +<br> +April 26, Confederate Memorial Day. In Ala., Fla., Ga., and Miss.<br> +<br> +May, second Sunday, Mothers' Day, recognized in sixteen States.<br> +<br> +May 10, Confederate Memorial Day. In N. C and S. C.; in Tenn., second<br> +Friday of May.<br> +<br> +May, last Friday, Pioneer Day. In Mont.<br> +<br> +May 30, Decoration Day. In all States and Territories, and the District<br> +of Columbia. except Fla., Ga., Ida., La., Miss., N.C., S. C., Tenn.,<br> +Tex. In Va., called Confederate Memorial Day.<br> +<br> +June 3, Jefferson Davis' Birthday. In Fla. Ga., Ala., Miss., Tenn., Tex.<br> +and S. C. In La., called Confederate Memorial Day.<br> +<br> +July 4, Independence Day. In all States, Territories and the District.<br> +<br> +Sept. 4, 1911, Labor Day. In all States, Territories and the District.<br> +except N. Dak.<br> +<br> +Oct. 12, Columbus Day. In N. Y., Penn., Ill., Conn., N. J., Mich.,<br> +Mont., Calif., O., Md., Ky., and R. I.<br> +<br> +Nov. 1, All Saints' Day. In La.<br> +<br> +November--General Election Day. In Ariz., Calif., Col., Del., Fla.,<br> +Ida., Ill. (Chicago, Springfield and East St. Louis only), Ind., Ia.,<br> +Kans., Ky., La., Md., Mich., Minn., Mo., Mont., Nev., N. H., N. J., N.<br> +Mex., N. Y., N. C., N. Dak., O. (5:30 a. m. to 9 a. m. only). Okla.,<br> +Ore. (Presidential only), Penn., R. I., S. C., S. Dak., Tenn., Tex., W.<br> +Va., Wash., Wis., Wyo.<br> +<br> +By act of March 3, 1875, elections of Representatives in Congress take<br> +place on the Tuesday next after the first Monday in Nov., 1876, and<br> +every second year thereafter.<br> +<br> +Nov. 30, 1911, Thanksgiving Day, observed in all the States, Ariz., N.<br> +Mex. and the Dist. of Col.<br> +<br> +December 25, Christmas Day. In all the States, Territories and the<br> +District.<br> +<br> +Arbor Day. In Ariz., Me., Md., N. Mex., Wis., Wyo., and Penn., by<br> +appointment of the Governor. Tex., Feb. 22; Neb., Apr. 22; Utah., Apr.<br> +15; R. I., second Friday in May; Mont., second Tuesday in May; Ga.,<br> +first Friday in December; Col. (in the schools), third Friday in Apr.;<br> +Okla., Friday after second Monday in March; Ark., first Saturday in<br> +March.<br> +<br> +<br> +Half Holidays.<br> +<br> +Every Saturday after 12 o'clock noon; in Calif., public offices; in<br> +Ill., cities of 200,000 or more inhabitants; in Md., Mich., N. Y., N.<br> +J., O., Penn., R. I., Va., Dist. of Col. (for banking); New Orleans,<br> +Charleston, La. and Mo., cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants; in Tenn.<br> +(State and county offices); in Col., for June, July, August; in Ind.,<br> +from first Saturday in June to last Saturday in October, for public<br> +offices in counties with a county seat of 100,000 or more population.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">PRINCIPAL POINTS OF CONSTITUTIONAL LAW.</span><br> +<br> +Congress must meet at least once a year.<br> +<br> +One State cannot undo the acts of another.<br> +<br> +Congress may admit as many new States as desired.<br> +<br> +The Constitution guarantees every citizen a speedy trial by jury.<br> +<br> +A State cannot exercise a power which is vested in Congress alone.<br> +<br> +One State must respect the laws and legal decisions of another.<br> +<br> +Congress cannot pass a law to punish a crime already committed.<br> +<br> +U. S. Senators are chosen by the legislatures of the States by joint<br> +ballot.<br> +<br> +Bills for revenue can originate only in the House of Representatives.<br> +<br> +A person committing a felony in one State cannot find refuge in another.<br> +<br> +The Constitution of the United States forbids excessive bail or cruel<br> +punishment.<br> +<br> +Treaties with foreign countries are made by the President and ratified<br> +by the Senate.<br> +<br> +In the U. S. Senate Rhode Island or Nevada has an equal voice with New<br> +York.<br> +<br> +When Congress passes a bankruptcy law it annuls all the State laws on<br> +that subject.<br> +<br> +Writing alone does not constitute treason against the United States.<br> +There must be an overt act.<br> +<br> +Congress cannot lay any disabilities on the children of a person<br> +convicted of crime or misdemeanor.<br> +<br> +The Territories each send a delegate to Congress, who has the right of<br> +debate, but not the right to vote.<br> +<br> +The Vice-President, who ex-officio presides over the Senate, has no vote<br> +in that body except on a tie ballot.<br> +<br> +An act of Congress cannot become a law over the President's veto except<br> +on a two-thirds vote of both houses.<br> +<br> +An officer of the Government cannot accept title of nobility, order or<br> +honor without the permission of Congress.<br> +<br> +Money lost in the mails cannot be recovered from the Government.<br> +Registering a letter does not insure its contents.<br> +<br> +It is the House of Representatives that may impeach the President for<br> +any crime, and the Senate hears the accusation.<br> +<br> +If the President holds a bill longer than ten days while Congress is<br> +still in session, it becomes a law without his signature.<br> +<br> +Silver coin of denominations less than $1 is not a legal tender for more<br> +than $5.00. Copper and nickel coin is not legal tender.<br> +<br> +The term of a Congressman is two years, but a Congressman may be<br> +re-elected to as many successive terms as his constituents may wish.<br> +<br> +Amendments to the Constitution requires two-thirds vote of each house of<br> +Congress and must be ratified by at least three-fourths of the States.<br> +<br> +When the militia is called out in the service of the General Government,<br> +they pass out of the control of the various States under the command of<br> +the President.<br> +<br> +The President of the United States must be 35 years of age: a United<br> +States Senator, 30; a Congressman, 25. The President must have been a<br> +resident of the United States fourteen years.<br> +<br> +A grand jury is a secret tribunal, and may hear only one side of a case.<br> +It simply decides whether there is good reason to hold for trial. It<br> +consists of twenty-four men, twelve of whom may indict.<br> +<br> +A naturalized citizen cannot become President or Vice-President of the<br> +United States. A male child born abroad of American parents has an equal<br> +chance to become President with one born on American soil.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">CHAMOIS SKINS.</span><br> +<br> +The animal from which the chamois skin derives its name inhabits the<br> +high mountains from the Pyrenees to the Caucasus. Chamois are most<br> +numerous in the Alps, where they dwell in small herds and feed on the<br> +herbage of the mountain sides. They are about the size of a small goat,<br> +dark chestnut-brown in color, with the exception of the forehead, the<br> +sides of the lower jaws and the muzzle, which are white. Its horns,<br> +rising above the eyes, are black, smooth and straight for two-thirds of<br> +their length, when they suddenly curve backward.<br> +<br> +The chamois hunter, provided with a gun, a bag of provisions, an<br> +iron-shod staff to assist him in climbing and leaping, an ax to cut<br> +steps in the ice and shoes studded with iron points, traverses the<br> +mountains and follows his prey not only during the day, but also at<br> +night.<br> +<br> +Nearly all the chamois skins now in the market are made from the skins<br> +of the lamb or sheep. This industry has been largely developed in<br> +England and France, and these countries have supplied the market of the<br> +United States almost exclusively until recent years, when the<br> +manufacture of these goods was commenced in the United States.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">WHAT'S IN A NAME?</span><br> +<br> +ORIGIN AND MEANING OF NAMES OF MEN.<br> +<br> +A<br> +Aaron, Hebrew, a mountain, or lofty.<br> +<br> +Abel, Hebrew, vanity.<br> +<br> +Abraham, Hebrew, the father of many.<br> +<br> +Absalom, Hebrew, the father of peace.<br> +<br> +Adam, Hebrew, red earth.<br> +<br> +Adolphus, Saxon, happiness and help.<br> +<br> +Adrian, Latin, one who helps.<br> +<br> +Alan, Celtic, harmony; or Slavonic, a hound.<br> +<br> +Albert, Saxon, all bright.<br> +<br> +Alexander, Greek, a helper of men.<br> +<br> +Alfred, Saxon, all peace.<br> +<br> +Alonzo, form of Alphonso, q. v.<br> +<br> +Alphonso. German, ready or willing.<br> +<br> +Ambrose, Greek, immortal.<br> +<br> +Amos, Hebrew, a burden.<br> +<br> +Andrew, Greek, courageous.<br> +<br> +Anthony, Latin, flourishing.<br> +<br> +Archibald, German, a bold observer.<br> +<br> +Arnold, German, a maintainer of honor.<br> +<br> +Arthur, British, a strong man.<br> +<br> +Augustus, Latin, venerable, grand.<br> +<br> +<br> +B<br> +<br> +Baldwin, German, a bold winner.<br> +<br> +Barnaby, Hebrew, a prophet's son.<br> +<br> +Bartholomew, Hebrew, the son of him who made the waters to rise.<br> +<br> +Beaumont, French, a pretty mount.<br> +<br> +Benjamin, Hebrew, the son of a right hand.<br> +<br> +Bennett, Latin, blessed.<br> +<br> +Bertram, German, fair, illustrious.<br> +<br> +Bertrand, German, bright, raven.<br> +<br> +Boniface, Latin, a well-doer.<br> +<br> +Brian, French, having a thundering voice.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +C<br> +<br> +Cadwallader, British, valiant in war.<br> +<br> +Caesar, Latin, adorned with hair.<br> +<br> +Caleb, Hebrew, a dog.<br> +<br> +Cecil, Latin, dim-sighted.<br> +<br> +Charles, German, noble-spirited.<br> +<br> +Christopher, Greek, bearing Christ.<br> +<br> +Clement, Latin, mild-tempered.<br> +<br> +Conrad, German, able counsel.<br> +<br> +Cornelius, Latin, meaning uncertain.<br> +<br> +Crispin, Latin, having curled locks.<br> +<br> +Cuthbert, Saxon, known famously.<br> +<br> +<br> +D<br> +<br> +Daniel, Hebrew, God is judge.<br> +<br> +David, Hebrew, well-beloved.<br> +<br> +Denis, Greek, belonging to the god of wine.<br> +<br> +Douglas, Gaelic, dark gray.<br> +<br> +Duncan, Saxon, brown chief.<br> +<br> +Dunstan, Saxon, most high.<br> +<br> +<br> +E<br> +<br> +Edgar, Saxon, happy honor.<br> +<br> +Edmund, Saxon, happy peace.<br> +<br> +Edward, Saxon, happy keeper.<br> +<br> +Edwin, Saxon, happy conqueror.<br> +<br> +Egbert, Saxon, ever bright.<br> +<br> +Elijah, Hebrew, God the Lord.<br> +<br> +Elisha, Hebrew, the salvation of God.<br> +<br> +Emmanuel, Hebrew, God with us.<br> +<br> +Enoch, Hebrew, dedicated.<br> +<br> +Ephraim, Hebrew, fruitful.<br> +<br> +Erasmus, Greek, lovely, worthy to be loved.<br> +<br> +Ernest, Greek, earnest, serious.<br> +<br> +Esau, Hebrew, hairy.<br> +<br> +Eugene, Greek, nobly descended.<br> +<br> +Eustace, Greek, standing firm.<br> +<br> +Evan, or Ivan, British, the same as John.<br> +<br> +Evard, German, well reported.<br> +<br> +Ezekiel, Hebrew, the strength of God.<br> +<br> +<br> +F<br> +<br> +Felix, Latin, happy.<br> +<br> +Ferdinand, German, pure peace.<br> +<br> +Fergus, Saxon, manly strength.<br> +<br> +Francis, German, free.<br> +<br> +Frederic, German, rich peace.<br> +`<br> +<br> +G<br> +<br> +Gabriel, Hebrew, the strength of God.<br> +<br> +Geoffrey, German, joyful.<br> +<br> +George, Greek, a husbandman.<br> +<br> +Gerald, Saxon, all towardliness.<br> +<br> +Gideon, Hebrew, a breaker.<br> +<br> +Gilbert, Saxon, bright as gold.<br> +<br> +Giles, Greek, a little goat.<br> +<br> +Godard, German, a godly disposition.<br> +<br> +Godfrey, German, God's peace.<br> +<br> +Godwin, German, victorious in Cod.<br> +<br> +Griffith, British, having great faith.<br> +<br> +Guy, French, a leader.<br> +<br> +<br> +H<br> +<br> +Hannibal, Punic, a gracious lord.<br> +<br> +Harold, Saxon, a champion.<br> +<br> +Hector, Greek, a stout defender.<br> +<br> +Henry, German, a rich lord.<br> +<br> +Herbert, German, a bright lord.<br> +<br> +Hercules, Greek, the glory of Hera or Juno.<br> +<br> +Horace, Latin, meaning uncertain.<br> +<br> +Howel, British, sound or whole.<br> +<br> +Hubert, German, a bright color.<br> +<br> +Hugh, Dutch, high, lofty.<br> +<br> +Humphrey, German, domestic peace.<br> +<br> +<br> +I<br> +<br> +Ignatius, Latin, fiery.<br> +<br> +Ingram, German, of angelic purity.<br> +<br> +Isaac, Hebrew, laughter.<br> +<br> +<br> +J<br> +<br> +Jabez, Hebrew, one who causes pain.<br> +<br> +Jacob, Hebrew, a supplanter.<br> +<br> +James, or Jaques, beguiling.<br> +<br> +Job, Hebrew, sorrowing.<br> +<br> +Joel, Hebrew, acquiescing.<br> +<br> +John, Hebrew, the grace of the Lord.<br> +<br> +Jonah, Hebrew, a dove.<br> +<br> +Jonathan. Hebrew, the gift of the Lord.<br> +<br> +Joseph, Hebrew, addition.<br> +<br> +Joshua, Hebrew, a savior.<br> +<br> +Josiah, or Josias, Hebrew, the fire of the Lord.<br> +<br> +Julius, Latin, soft-haired.<br> +<br> +<br> +L<br> +<br> +Lambert, Saxon, a fair lamb.<br> +<br> +Lancelot, Spanish, a little lance.<br> +<br> +Laurence, Latin, crowned with laurels.<br> +<br> +Lazarus, Hebrew, destitute of help.<br> +<br> +Leonard, German, like a lion.<br> +<br> +Leopold, German, defending the people.<br> +<br> +Lewis or Louis, French, the defender of the people.<br> +<br> +Lionel, Latin, a little lion.<br> +<br> +Llewellin, British, like a lion.<br> +<br> +Llewellyn, Celtic, lightning.<br> +<br> +Lucius, Latin, shining.<br> +<br> +Luke, Creek, a wood or grove.<br> +<br> +<br> +M<br> +<br> +Manfred, German, great peace.<br> +<br> +Mark, Latin, a hammer.<br> +<br> +Martin, Latin, martial.<br> +<br> +Matthew, Hebrew, a gift or present.<br> +<br> +Maurice, Latin, sprung of a Moor.<br> +<br> +Meredith, British, the roaring of the sea.<br> +<br> +Michael, Hebrew, who is like God.<br> +<br> +Morgan, British, a mariner.<br> +<br> +Moses, Hebrew, drawn out.<br> +<br> +<br> +N<br> +<br> +Nathaniel, Hebrew, the gift of God.<br> +<br> +Neal, French, somewhat black.<br> +<br> +Nicholas, Greek, victorious over the people.<br> +<br> +Noel, French, belonging to one's nativity.<br> +<br> +Norman, French, one born in Normandy.<br> +<br> +<br> +O<br> +<br> +Oliver, Latin, an olive.<br> +<br> +Orlando, Italian, counsel for the land.<br> +<br> +Orson, Latin, a bear.<br> +<br> +Osmund, Saxon, house peace.<br> +<br> +Oswald, Saxon, ruler of a house.<br> +<br> +Owen, British, well descended.<br> +<br> +<br> +P<br> +<br> +Patrick, Latin, a nobleman.<br> +<br> +Paul, Latin, small, little.<br> +<br> +Percival, French, a place in France.<br> +<br> +Percy, English, adaptation of "pierce eye."<br> +<br> +Peter, Greek, a rock or stone.<br> +<br> +Philip, Greek, a lover of horses.<br> +<br> +Phineas, Hebrew, of bold countenance.<br> +<br> +<br> +R<br> +<br> +Ralph, contracted from Randolph, or Randal, or Rudolph, Saxon, +pure<br> +help.<br> +<br> +Raymond, German, quiet peace.<br> +<br> +Reuben, Hebrew, the son of vision.<br> +<br> +Reynold, German, a lover of purity.<br> +<br> +Richard, Saxon, powerful.<br> +<br> +Robert, German, famous in counsel.<br> +<br> +Roderick, German, rich in fame.<br> +<br> +Rollo, form of Roland, q.v.<br> +<br> +Rufus, Latin, reddish.<br> +<br> +Roger, German, strong counsel.<br> +<br> +Roland, German, counsel for the land.<br> +<br> +<br> +S<br> +<br> +Samson, Hebrew, a little son.<br> +<br> +Samuel, Hebrew, heard by God.<br> +<br> +Saul, Hebrew, desired.<br> +<br> +Seth, Hebrew, appointed.<br> +<br> +Silas, Latin, sylvan or living in the woods.<br> +<br> +Simeon, Hebrew, hearing.<br> +<br> +Simon, Hebrew, obedient.<br> +<br> +Solomon, Hebrew, peaceable.<br> +<br> +Stephen, Greek, a crown or garland.<br> +<br> +Swithin, Saxon, very high.<br> +<br> +<br> +T<br> +<br> +Theobald, Saxon, bold over the people.<br> +<br> +Theodore, Greek, the gift of God.<br> +<br> +Thomas, Hebrew, a twin.<br> +<br> +Timothy, Greek, a fearer of God.<br> +<br> +Titus, Greek, meaning uncertain.<br> +<br> +Toby, Hebrew, goodness of the Lord.<br> +<br> +<br> +V<br> +<br> +Valentine, Latin, powerful.<br> +<br> +Victor, Latin, conqueror.<br> +<br> +Vincent, Latin, conquering.<br> +<br> +Vivian, Latin, living.<br> +<br> +<br> +W<br> +<br> +Walter, German, a conqueror.<br> +<br> +Wilfred, Saxon, bold and peaceful.<br> +<br> +William, German, defending many.<br> +<br> +<br> +Z<br> +<br> +Zaccheus, Syriac, innocent.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +CHRISTIAN NAMES OF WOMEN.<br> +<br> +<br> +A<br> +<br> +Adela, German, same as Adeline, q. v.<br> +<br> +Adelaide, German, same as Adeline, q. v.<br> +<br> +Adeline, German, a princess.<br> +<br> +Agatha, Greek, good.<br> +<br> +Agnes, German, chaste.<br> +<br> +Althea, Greek, hunting.<br> +<br> +Alice, Alicia, German, noble.<br> +<br> +Alma, Latin, benignant.<br> +<br> +Amabel, Latin, lovable.<br> +<br> +Amy, Amelia, French, beloved.<br> +<br> +Angelina, Greek, lovely, angelic.<br> +<br> +Anna, or Anne, Hebrew, gracious.<br> +<br> +Arabella, Latin, a fair altar.<br> +<br> +Aurora, Latin, morning brightness.<br> +<br> +<br> +B<br> +<br> +Barbara, Latin, foreign or strange.<br> +<br> +Bella, Italian, beautiful.<br> +<br> +Benedicta, Latin, blessed.<br> +<br> +Bernice, Greek, bringing victory.<br> +<br> +Bertha, Greek, bright or famous.<br> +<br> +Bessie, short form of Elizabeth. q.v.<br> +<br> +Blanche, French, fair.<br> +<br> +Bona, Latin, good.<br> +<br> +Bridget, Irish, shining bright.<br> +<br> +<br> +C<br> +<br> +Camilla, Latin, attendant at a sacrifice.<br> +<br> +Carlotta. Italian, same as Charlotte, q. v.<br> +<br> +Caroline, Latin, noble-spirited.<br> +<br> +Cassandra, Greek, a reformer of men.<br> +<br> +Catherine, Greek, pure or clean,<br> +<br> +Charity, Greek, love, bounty.<br> +<br> +Charlotte, French, all noble.<br> +<br> +Chloe, Greek, a green herb.<br> +<br> +Christina, Greek, belonging to Christ.<br> +<br> +Clara, Latin, clear or bright.<br> +<br> +Constance, Latin, constant.<br> +<br> +<br> +D<br> +<br> +Dagmar, German, joy of the Danes.<br> +<br> +Deborah, Hebrew, a bee.<br> +<br> +Diana, Greek, Jupiter's daughter.<br> +<br> +Dorcas, Greek, a wild roe.<br> +<br> +Dorothy, Greek, gift of God.<br> +<br> +<br> +E<br> +<br> +Edith, Saxon, happiness.<br> +<br> +Eleanor, Saxon, all-fruitful.<br> +<br> +Eliza, Elizabeth, Hebrew, the oath of God.<br> +<br> +Emily, corrupted from Amelia.<br> +<br> +Emma, German, a nurse.<br> +<br> +Esther, Hester, Hebrew, secret.<br> +<br> +Eudora, Greek, good gift.<br> +<br> +Eugenia, French, well-born.<br> +<br> +Eunice, Greek, fair victory.<br> +<br> +Eva, or Eve, Hebrew, causing life.<br> +<br> +<br> +F<br> +<br> +Fanny, dim. of Frances, q.v.<br> +<br> +Flora, Latin, flowers.<br> +<br> +Florence, Latin, blooming, flourishing.<br> +<br> +Frances, German, free.<br> +<br> +<br> +G<br> +<br> +Gertrude, German, all truth.<br> +<br> +Grace, Latin, favor.<br> +<br> +<br> +H<br> +<br> +Hannah, Hebrew, gracious.<br> +<br> +Harriet, German, head of the house.<br> +<br> +Helen, or Helena, Greek, alluring.<br> +<br> +Henrietta, fem. and dim. of Henry, q. v.<br> +<br> +Hilda, German, warrior maiden.<br> +<br> +Honora, Latin, honorable.<br> +<br> +Huldah, Hebrew, a weasel.<br> +<br> +<br> +I<br> +<br> +Irene, peaceful.<br> +<br> +Isabella, Spanish, fair Eliza.<br> +<br> +<br> +J<br> +<br> +Jane, or Jeanne, fem. of John, q.v.<br> +<br> +Janet, Jeanette, little Jane.<br> +<br> +Jemima, Hebrew, a dove.<br> +<br> +Joan, Joanna. Hebrew, fem. of John, q. v.<br> +<br> +Joyce, French, pleasant.<br> +<br> +Judith, Hebrew, praising.<br> +<br> +Julia, Juliana, fem. of Julius, q. v.<br> +<br> +<br> +K<br> +<br> +Katherine, form of Catherine, q. v.<br> +<br> +Ketura, Hebrew, incense.<br> +<br> +<br> +L<br> +<br> +Laura, Latin, a laurel.<br> +<br> +Lavinia, Latin, of Latium.<br> +<br> +Letitia, Latin, joy or gladness.<br> +<br> +Lilian, Lily, Latin, a lily.<br> +<br> +Lois, Greek, better.<br> +<br> +Louisa, German. fem. of Louis, q.v.<br> +<br> +Lucretia, Latin, a chaste Roman lady.<br> +<br> +Lucy, Latin, fem. of Lucius.<br> +<br> +Lydia. Greek, descended from Lud.<br> +<br> +<br> +M<br> +<br> +Mabel, Latin, lovely or lovable.<br> +<br> +Madeline, form of Magdalen, q. v.<br> +<br> +Margaret, Greek, a pearl.<br> +<br> +Martha, Hebrew, bitterness,<br> +<br> +Mary, Hebrew, bitter.<br> +<br> +Matilda, German, a lady of honor.<br> +<br> +Maud, German, form of Malilda, q.. v.<br> +<br> +May, Latin, month of May.<br> +<br> +Mercy, English, compassion.<br> +<br> +Mildred, Saxon, speaking mild.<br> +<br> +Minnie, dim. of Margaret. q. v.<br> +<br> +<br> +N<br> +<br> +Naomi, Hebrew, alluring.<br> +<br> +<br> +O<br> +<br> +Olive, Olivia, Latin, an olive.<br> +<br> +Ophelia, Greek, a serpent.<br> +<br> +<br> +P<br> +<br> +Patience, Latin, bearing patiently.<br> +<br> +Penelope, Greek, a weaver.<br> +<br> +Persis, Greek, destroying.<br> +<br> +Philippa, Greek, fem. of Philip.<br> +<br> +Phoebe, Greek, the light of life.<br> +<br> +Phyllis, Greek, a green bough.<br> +<br> +Polly, variation of Molly, dim. of Mary, q. v.<br> +<br> +Priscilla, Latin, somewhat old.<br> +<br> +Prudence, Latin, discretion.<br> +<br> +<br> +R<br> +<br> +Rachel, Hebrew, a lamb.<br> +<br> +Rebecca, Hebrew, fat or plump.<br> +<br> +Rhoda, Greek, a rose.<br> +<br> +Rose or Rosa, Latin, a rose.<br> +<br> +Rosalind, Latin, beautiful as a rose.<br> +<br> +Roxana, Persian, dawn of day.<br> +<br> +Rosamond, Saxon, rose of peace.<br> +<br> +Ruth, Hebrew, trembling, or beauty.<br> +<br> +<br> +S<br> +<br> +Sabina, Latin, sprung from the Sabines.<br> +<br> +Salome, Hebrew, a princess.<br> +<br> +Selina, Greek, the moon.<br> +<br> +Sibylla, Greek, the counsel of God.<br> +<br> +Sophia, Greek, wisdom.<br> +<br> +Susan, Susanna, Hebrew, a lily.<br> +<br> +<br> +T<br> +<br> +Tabitha, Syriac, a roe.<br> +<br> +Theodosia, Creek, given by God.<br> +<br> +<br> +U<br> +<br> +Ursula, Latin, a she bear.<br> +<br> +<br> +V<br> +<br> +Victoria, Latin, victory.<br> +<br> +Vida, Erse, fem. of David.<br> +<br> +<br> +W<br> +<br> +Walburga, Saxon, gracious.<br> +<br> +Winifred, Saxon, winning peace.<br> +<br> +<br> +Z<br> +<br> +Zenobia, Greek, the life of Jupiter.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">PRINCIPAL AMERICAN CITIES</span><br> +<br> +With Population of over 100,000 in 1910.<br> +<br> +(The population for 1900 is given in parentheses by way of comparison.)<br> +<br> +New York, N. Y., 4,766,883 (3,437,202);<br> +Chicago, Ill., 2,185,283 (l,698,572);<br> +Philadelphia, Pa., 1,549,008 (1,293,697);<br> +St. Louis, Mo., 687,029 (575,238);<br> +Boston, Mass., 670,585 (560,892);<br> +Cleveland, O., 560,663 (381,768);<br> +Baltimore, Md., 558,485 (508,957);<br> +Pittsburg, Pa., 533,905 (451,512);<br> +Detroit. Mich., 465,766 (285,704);<br> +Buffalo, N. Y., 423,715 (352,387);<br> +San Francisco, Cal., 416,912 (342,782);<br> +Milwaukee, Wis., 373,857 (285,315);<br> +Cincinnati, O., 364,462 (325,902);<br> +Newark. N. J., 347,469 (246,070);<br> +New Orleans. La., 339,075 (287,104);<br> +Washington. D. C., 331,069 (278,718);<br> +Los Angeles, Cal., 319,198 (102,479);<br> +Minneapolis, Minn., 301,408 (202,718);<br> +Jersey City, N. J., 267,779 (206,433);<br> +Kansas City, Mo., 248,331 (163,752);<br> +Seattle, Wash., 237,194 (80,671);<br> +Indianapolis, Ind., 233,650 (169,164);<br> +Providence, R. I., 224,326 (175,597);<br> +Louisville, Ky., 223,928 (204,731);<br> +Rochester, N. Y., 218,149 (162,608);<br> +St. Paul, Minn., 214,744 (163,065);<br> +Denver, Col., 213,381 (133,859);<br> +Portland, Ore., 207,214 (90,426);<br> +Columbus, O., 181,548 (125,560);<br> +Toledo, O., 168,497 (131,822);<br> +Atlanta, Ga., 154,839 (89,672);<br> +Oakland, Cal., 150,174 (66,960);<br> +Worcester, Mass., 145,986 (118,421);<br> +Syracuse, N. Y., 137,249 (108,374);<br> +New Haven, Conn., 133,605 (108,027);<br> +Birmingham, Ala., 132,683 (38,415);<br> +Memphis, Tenn., 131,105 (102,320);<br> +Scranton, Pa., 129,867 (102,026);<br> +Richmond, Va., 127,628 (85,050);<br> +Paterson, N. J., 125,600 (105,171);<br> +Omaha, Neb., 124,096 (102,555);<br> +Fall River, Mass., 119,295 (104,803);<br> +Dayton, O., 116,577 (85,333);<br> +Grand Rapids, Mich., 112,571 (87,565);<br> +Nashville, Tenn., 110,364 (80,865);<br> +Lowell, Mass., 106,294 (94,969);<br> +Cambridge, Mass., 104,839 (91,886);<br> +Spokane, Wash., 104,402 (36,848);<br> +Bridgeport, Conn., 102,054 (70,996);<br> +Albany, N. Y., 100,253 (94,151).<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">STATE FLOWERS.</span><br> +<br> +The following list includes all the "State flowers" Commonly accepted or<br> +officially adopted:<br> +<br> +Alabama, goldenrod;<br> +Arizona, sequoia cactus;<br> +Arkansas, apple blossom;<br> +California, poppy;<br> +Colorado, columbine;<br> +Delaware, peach blossom;<br> +Georgia, Cherokee rose;<br> +Idaho, syringa;<br> +Illinois, violet;<br> +Iowa, wild rose;<br> +Kansas, sunflower;<br> +Louisiana, magnolia;<br> +Maine, pine cone;<br> +Michigan, apple blossom;<br> +Minnesota, moccasin;<br> +Mississippi, magnolia;<br> +Montana, bitter root;<br> +Missouri, goldenrod;<br> +Nebraska, goldenrod;<br> +New Jersey, sugar maple (tree);<br> +New York, rose;<br> +North Dakota, goldenrod;<br> +Oklahoma, mistletoe;<br> +Oregon, Oregon grape;<br> +Rhode Island, violet;<br> +Texas, blue bonnet;<br> +Utah, Sego lily;<br> +Vermont, red clover;<br> +Washington, rhododendron.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br style="font-weight: bold;"> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">HEIGHT OF NOTED STRUCTURES.</span><br> +<br> +Following is the height in feet of some noted monuments and structures:<br> +<br> +Amiens cathedral, 383;<br> +Bunker Hill monument, 221;<br> +Capitol, Washington, 288;<br> +City Hall, Philadelphia, 535;<br> +Cologne cathedral, 512;<br> +Eiffel tower, 984;<br> +Florence cathedral, 387;<br> +Fribourg cathedral, 386;<br> +Masonic Temple, Chicago, 354;<br> +Metropolitan building. N. Y., 700;<br> +Milan cathedral, 360;<br> +the Great Pyramid, 451;<br> +Rouen cathedral, 464;<br> +St. Paul's, London, 404;<br> +St. Peter's, Rome, 433;<br> +Singer building, N. Y., 612;<br> +Strassburg cathedral, 465;<br> +St. Stephen's, Vienna, 470;<br> +Ward building, Chicago, 394;<br> +Washington monument, 556.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">MAXIMUM AGE OF TREES.</span><br> +<br> +Palm, 250 years;<br> +elm, 355 years;<br> +cypress, 388 years;<br> +ivy, 448 years;<br> +maple, 516 years;<br> +larch, 576 years;<br> +lemon, 640 years;<br> +plane, 720 years;<br> +cedar, 800 years;<br> +chestnut, 860 years;<br> +walnut, 900 years;<br> +lime, 1,076 years;<br> +spruce, 1,200 years;<br> +oak, 1,600 years;<br> +olive, 2,000 years;<br> +yew, 2,880 years;<br> +baobab, 5,100 years;<br> +dragon, 5,900 years.<br> +<br> +Eucalyptus, or Australian gum-tree, sometimes grows twenty-four feet in<br> +three months: bamboo, two feet in twenty-four hours.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br style="font-weight: bold;"> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">DICTIONARY OF AERONAUTICS</span><br> +<br> +The new science of aeronautics has given rise to many new words, among<br> +them some of awkward derivation, and even those properly formed and<br> +worthy of preservation in the language are often erroneously used. The<br> +following compact lexicon is therefore both interesting and instructive:<br> +<br> +Aeroplane--A generic term applied in common use to all classes of<br> +sustaining surfaces; strictly applicable only to flat surfaces.<br> +<br> +Adjusting Surfaces--Commonly a comparatively small surface, usually at<br> +the end of a wing tip, used to adjust lateral balance; preferably<br> +restricted to surfaces capable of variable adjustment, but not of<br> +movement by controlling devices. See "Stabilizer'" and "Wing tip" and<br> +compare "Aileron."<br> +<br> +Advancing Edge--The front edge of a sustaining or other surface.<br> +<br> +Advancing Surface--A surface that precedes another through the air, as<br> +in a double monoplane.<br> +<br> +Aerocurve--A proposed substitute for aeroplane.<br> +<br> +Aerodrome--A substitute proposed by Langley for aeroplane. Strictly<br> +applicable to a course rather than to a vehicle.<br> +<br> +Aileron (a'ler-on)--A small hinged or separated wing tip or surface<br> +capable of independent manipulation for the purpose of maintaining<br> +lateral balance.<br> +<br> +Aviation (a-vi-a'shun)--Dynamic flight by means of heavier-than-air<br> +mechanisms.<br> +<br> +Aviator (a'vi-a-ter)--The operator or pilot of a heavier-than-air<br> +machine.<br> +<br> +Aerofoil--Term used to indicate lifting surface,<br> +<br> +Angle of Incidence--The angle which a line drawn from the leading to the<br> +trailing edge of the plane makes with the horizontal trailing angle<br> +between the tangent to the trailing edge of the plane and the chord or a<br> +line drawn from the leading to the trailing edge.<br> +<br> +Arc--Any portion of a circle or other curve.<br> +<br> +Aspect--The top or plan view of an aeroplane surface.<br> +<br> +Automatic Stability--Applied to lateral or longitudinal stability<br> +maintained by the action of suitable elements on mechanisms independent<br> +of any control exercised by the operator. There is a tendency to<br> +restrict the term to such stability secured by automatic manipulation of<br> +controlling devices, rather than to systems in which balance is<br> +maintained by the use of dihedral arrangements.<br> +<br> +Biplane (bi'plane)--An aeroplane with two superposed main surfaces.<br> +<br> +Balance--To maintain equilibrium by hand or automatic movement of<br> +balancing surfaces, as opposed to equilibrium maintained by stabilizing.<br> +See "Stabilizer."<br> +<br> +Body--The center part of an aeroplane or other aerial vehicle, in which<br> +the motor, fuel tanks, passenger accommodation, etc., are placed.<br> +<br> +Camber--The camber of the ribs is the amount of curvature which is<br> +imparted to them in the same way that a motor car spring or a road has a<br> +camber or curvature.<br> +<br> +Chassis (shas-see)--That part of the main framework of a monoplane to<br> +which the main planes and tail planes are fitted and which contains the<br> +engine and aviators seat.<br> +<br> +Center of Pressure--Really a line of pressure along the under side of a<br> +wing or aeroplane surface, on either side of which the pressures are<br> +equal.<br> +<br> +Center of Gravity--The center of weight, about which the vehicle<br> +balances in all directions.<br> +<br> +Chord--A straight line drawn between the ends of the arc of a circle or<br> +other curve.<br> +<br> +Dirigible (dir'-igihle)--Steerable or navigable; applied to balloons.<br> +<br> +Derrick--A tower in which a falling weight is dropped in starting an<br> +aeroplane.<br> +<br> +Diagonal--A diagonal brace or stay in a framework.<br> +<br> +Dihedral (di-he'dral)--Said of wing pairs inclined at an upward angle to<br> +each other.<br> +<br> +Elevator--A principal supplementary surface, usually of a miniature form<br> +of the main planes. Used for purpose of altering the vertical direction<br> +of machine.<br> +<br> +Gap--The distance between two main planes in a biplane.<br> +<br> +Gliding--Flying down a slant of air without power.<br> +<br> +Gyroscopic Effect--The property of any rotating mass whereby it tends to<br> +maintain its plane of rotation against disturbing forces.<br> +<br> +Gauchissement (or warping)--Applied to the main planes and produces the<br> +same ultimate effect as the use of ailerons.<br> +<br> +Hangar (hang'ar)--A shed for housing balloons or aeroplanes, generally<br> +the latter.<br> +<br> +Horsepower--A rate of work equivalent to the lifting of 33,000 ft.-lb. a<br> +minute.<br> +<br> +Head Resistance--The resistance of a surface to movement through the<br> +air; closely proportionate to its projected area.<br> +<br> +Heavier-than-air--Applied to dynamic flying machines weighing more than<br> +the air they displace.<br> +<br> +Horizontal Rudder--A horizontally placed rudder for steering in vertical<br> +directions.<br> +<br> +Lift--The sustaining effect, expressed in units of weight of an<br> +aeroplane or wing surface.<br> +<br> +Monoplane--An aeroplane with one or more main surfaces in the same<br> +horizontal plane.<br> +<br> +Main Plane--Usually the largest or lowest supporting surface of a<br> +multi-surfaced aeroplane.<br> +<br> +Mast--A spar or strut used for the attachment of wire or other stays to<br> +stiffen the wings or other parts of a structure.<br> +<br> +Main Spars--Lateral spars upon which the main planes are built.<br> +<br> +Main Landing Wheels--In an alighting gear, the wheels that take the<br> +chief shock in landing.<br> +<br> +Ornithopter--A dynamic flying machine of the heavier-than-air type, in<br> +which sustension is provided by the effect of reciprocating wing<br> +surfaces.<br> +<br> +Pylon--A tower to mark the course in aerial racing contests.<br> +<br> +Ribs--Supports for the fabric, made of ash or spruce and bent to the<br> +correct curves.<br> +<br> +Rudder--One or more steering planes are invariably fitted to practical<br> +machines to control the direction of flight.<br> +<br> +Superposed Planes--Arrangement of one plane over the other, as in the<br> +Wright, Voisin and Farman machines.<br> +<br> +Supplementary Planes (or surfaces)--Additional surfaces which are used<br> +for stabilization.<br> +<br> +Stabilizer--Any surface for automatically maintaining lateral or<br> +longitudinal balance.<br> +<br> +Struts--Fixtures used in biplane construction to maintain an equal<br> +distance between two planes.<br> +<br> +Skids--Long skates on which the machine can land in safety.<br> +<br> +Span--The distance from tip to tip of the main planes in a transverse<br> +direction to that of flight.<br> +<br> +Soaring Flight--The flight of certain large birds without wing flapping.<br> +Its solution and imitation constitute one of the problems of aerial<br> +navigation.<br> +<br> +Sustaining Surface--Any surface placed in a horizontal or approximately<br> +horizontal position, primarily for the purpose of affording sustension.<br> +<br> +Triplane--An aeroplane with three main surfaces.<br> +<br> +Webs--Small blocks of wood placed between the ribs which act as distance<br> +pieces.<br> +<br> +Wing Warping--A system of maintaining lateral balance by differential<br> +twisting of wing tips in such manner as to increase the sustension on<br> +one side and decrease it on the other.<br> +<br> +--New York Tribune.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br style="font-weight: bold;"> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">COLLEGE COLORS.</span><br> +<br> +Amherst--Purple and white.<br> +<br> +Beloit--Old gold,<br> +<br> +Bowdoin--White.<br> +<br> +Brown--Brown and white.<br> +<br> +Columbia--Light blue and white.<br> +<br> +Cornell--Carnelian and white.<br> +<br> +Dartmouth--Green.<br> +<br> +Harvard--Crimson.<br> +<br> +Indiana--Crimson and cream.<br> +<br> +Iowa--Scarlet and black.<br> +<br> +Iowa State--Cardinal and gold.<br> +<br> +Johns Hopkins--Black and old gold.<br> +<br> +Lake Forest--Red and black.<br> +<br> +Leland Stanford--Cardinal.<br> +<br> +Northwestern--Royal Purple.<br> +<br> +Oberlin--Crimson and gold<br> +<br> +Princeton--Orange and black.<br> +<br> +Purdue--Old gold and black.<br> +<br> +University of Chicago--Maroon.<br> +<br> +University of Illinois--Orange and navy blue.<br> +<br> +University of Michigan--Maize and blue.<br> +<br> +University of Minnesota--Old gold and maroon.<br> +<br> +University of Notre Dame--Gold and blue.<br> +<br> +University of Pennsylvania--Red and blue.<br> +<br> +University of Rochester--Dandelion yellow.<br> +<br> +University of Wisconsin--Cardinal.<br> +<br> +Vassar--Rose and gray.<br> +<br> +Williams--Royal purple.<br> +<br> +Yale--Blue.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">THE CLAIMS OF OSTEOPATHY.</span><br> +<br> +Strictly construing the claims of osteopathic doctors, it is an<br> +anti-medicine system of practice for the cure of every disease to which<br> +the human body is liable.<br> +<br> +Dr. Andrew T. Still, who claims to have made the discoveries that led to<br> +the establishment of the school of Osteopathy, asserts that all diseases<br> +and lesions are the result of the luxation, dislocation, or breakage of<br> +some bone or bones; this, however, is not now maintained to any great<br> +extent by his followers. Osteopathists, though, do generally claim that<br> +all diseases arise from some maladjustment of the bones of the human<br> +body, and that treatment, therefore, must be to secure the normal<br> +adjustment of the bones and ligaments that form the skeleton. They claim<br> +that a dislocation is not always necessarily the result of external<br> +violence; it may be caused by the ulceration of bones, the elongation of<br> +ligaments, or excessive muscular action.<br> +<br> +The constriction of an important artery or vein, which may be caused by<br> +a very slightly displaced bone, an indurated muscle, or other organ, may<br> +produce an excess of blood in one part of the body, thereby causing a<br> +deficiency in some other part. A dislocated member will generally show<br> +alteration in the form of the joint and axis of the limb; loss of power<br> +and proper motion; increased length or shortening of the limb;<br> +prominence at one point and depression at another; greatly impaired<br> +circulation, and pain due to the obstruction of nerve force in the parts<br> +involved.<br> +<br> +The osteopathist claims that pain and disease arise mainly from some<br> +mal-adjustment in some part of the body, and that a return to good<br> +health involves treatment for the normal adjustment of the skeleton; he<br> +asserts, though any luxation may be only partial, it may cause pressure<br> +at some point upon a blood vessel, or a nerve of which the patient may<br> +be unconscious, and thus be a barrier to the restoration of good health.<br> +<br> +<br> +Osteopathy asserts that trying to heal the body of an ailment caused by<br> +a dislocated member, be it a bone, ligament, or nerve, by which abnormal<br> +pressure is maintained upon a blood vessel or a nerve, would be like<br> +trying to operate a machine with an important cog out of gear. To cure<br> +it involves the reduction of a dislocation; the breaking up of<br> +adhesions, and the arousing of the enervated organ or organs partially<br> +or wholly failing in the performance of function.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">THE LAW OF TRADEMARKS.</span><br> +<br> +Any person, firm or corporation can obtain protection for any lawful<br> +trademark by complying with the following:<br> +<br> +1. By causing to be recorded in the Patent Office the name, residence<br> +and place of business of persons desiring the trademark.<br> +<br> +2. The class of merchandise and description of the same.<br> +<br> +3. A description of the trademark itself with facsimiles.<br> +<br> +4. The length of time that the said mark has already been used.<br> +<br> +5. By payment of the required fee--$6 for labels and $25 for trademarks.<br> +<br> +6. By complying with such regulations as may be prescribed by the<br> +Commissioner of Patents.<br> +<br> +7. A lawful trademark must consist of some arbitrary word (not the name<br> +of a person or place), indicating or not the use or nature of the thing<br> +to which it is applied; of some designating symbol, or of both said word<br> +and symbol.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br style="font-weight: bold;"> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">HOW TO OBTAIN A PATENT.</span><br> +<br> +Patents are issued in the name of the United States, and under the seal<br> +of the Patent Office. A patent is a grant by the Government to the<br> +inventor, his heirs or assigns, for a limited period, of the exclusive<br> +right to make, use or sell any new and useful art, machine, manufacture<br> +or composition of matter, or any new and useful improvement thereof, or<br> +any new, original and ornamental design for any article of manufacture.<br> +<br> +Every patent contains a grant to the patentee, his heirs or assigns, for<br> +the term of seventeen years, of the exclusive right to make, use and<br> +vend the invention or discovery throughout the United States and the<br> +Territories, referring to the specification for the particulars thereof.<br> +<br> +If it appears that the inventor, at the time of making his application,<br> +believed himself to be the first inventor or discoverer, a patent will<br> +not be refused on account of the invention or discovery, or any part<br> +thereof, having been known or used in any foreign country before his<br> +invention or discovery thereof, if it had not been before patented or<br> +described in any printed publication.<br> +<br> +Joint inventors are entitled to a joint patent; neither can claim one<br> +separately. Independent inventors of distinct and independent<br> +improvements in the same machine cannot obtain a joint patent for their<br> +separate inventions; nor does the fact that one furnishes the capital<br> +and another makes the invention entitle them to make application as<br> +joint inventors; but in such case they may become joint patentees.<br> +<br> +Application for a patent must be made in writing to the Commissioner of<br> +Patents, from whom blanks and printed instructions can be obtained by<br> +mail.<br> +<br> +REISSUES.--A reissue is granted to the original patentee, his legal<br> +representatives, or the assignees of the entire interest, when, by<br> +reason of a defective or insufficient specification, or by reason of the<br> +patentee claiming as his invention or discovery more than he had a right<br> +to claim as new, the original patent is inoperative or invalid, provided<br> +the error has arisen from inadvertence, accident or mistake and without<br> +any fraudulent or deceptive intention.<br> +<br> +CAVEATS.--A caveat, under the patent law, is a notice given to the<br> +office of the caveator's claim as inventor, in order to prevent the<br> +grant of a patent to another for the same alleged invention upon an<br> +application filed during the life of the caveat without notice to the<br> +caveator.<br> +<br> +Any citizen of the United States who has made a new invention or<br> +discovery, and desires further time to mature the same, may, on payment<br> +of a fee of $10, file in the Patent Office a caveat setting forth the<br> +object and the distinguishing characteristics of the invention, and<br> +praying protection of his right until he shall have matured his<br> +invention. Such caveat shall be filed in the confidential archives of<br> +the office and preserved in secrecy, and shall be operative for the term<br> +of one year from the filing thereof.<br> +<br> +An alien has the same privilege, if he has resided in the United States<br> +one year next preceding the filing of his caveat, and has made oath of<br> +his intention to become a citizen.<br> +<br> +The caveat must comprise a specification, oath, and, when the nature of<br> +the case admits of it, a drawing, and, like the application, must be<br> +limited to a single invention or improvement.<br> +<br> +FEES.--Fees must be paid in advance, and are as follows. On filing each<br> +original application for a patent, $15. On issuing each original patent,<br> +$20. In design cases: For three years and six months, $10: for seven<br> +years, $15; for fourteen years, $30. On filing each caveat, $10.<br> +<br> +On every application for the reissue of a patent, $30. Added to these<br> +are the usual charges of patent solicitors for preparing the application<br> +and for drawings etc.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">SHAKESPEARE'S COUNSEL.</span><br> +<br> +(Polonius' Advice to His Son Laertes.)<br> +<br> +And these few precepts in thy memory<br> +See thou character: Give thy thoughts no tongue.<br> +Nor any unproportion'd thought his act.<br> +Be thou familiar, but by no means vulgar.<br> +Those friends thou hast, and their adoption tried,<br> +Grapple them to thy soul with hooks of steel;<br> +But do not dull thy palm with entertainment<br> +Of each new-hatch'd, unfledged comrade. Beware<br> +Of entrance to a quarrel, but, being in,<br> +Bear 't that the opposed may beware of thee.<br> +Give every man thy ear, but few thy voice;<br> +Take each man's censure, but reserve thy judgment.<br> +Costly thy habit as thy purse can buy.<br> +But not express'd in fancy; rich, not gaudy;<br> +For the apparel oft proclaims the man. * * *<br> +Neither a borrower nor a lender be:<br> +For loan oft loses both itself and friend,<br> +And borrowing dulls the edge of husbandry.<br> +This above all: to thine own self be true,<br> +And it must follow, as the night the day,<br> +Thou canst not then be false to any man.<br> + +--"Hamlet," 1 :3.<br> +<br> +<br style="font-weight: bold;"> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">POOR RICHARD'S SAYINGS.</span><br + style="font-weight: bold;"> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">(Benjamin Franklin.)</span><br> +<br> +Drive thy business! Let not thy business drive thee!<br> +<br> +Diligence is the mother of good luck.<br> +<br> +Now I have a sheep and a cow, everybody bids me good morrow.<br> +<br> +If you would know the value of money, go and try to borrow some.<br> +<br> +Great estates may venture more, but little boats should keep near shore.<br> +<br> +What maintains one vice would bring up two children.<br> +<br> +God helps them that help themselves.<br> +<br> +Poverty often deprives a man of all spirit and virtue, 'Tis hard for an<br> +empty bag to stand upright.<br> +<br> +Beware of little expenses; a small leak will sink a great ship.<br> +<br> +For age and want, save while you may. No morning sun lasts a whole day.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br style="font-weight: bold;"> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">HOW TO MAKE CHANGE QUICKLY.</span><br> +<br> +Always consider the amount of purchase as if that much money were<br> +already counted out, then add to amount of purchase enough small change<br> +to make an even dollar, counting out the even dollars last until full<br> +amount is made up.<br> +<br> +If the purchase amounts to 57 cents, and you are handed $2.00 in<br> +payment, count out 43 cents first to make an even dollar. Then layout<br> +the other dollar.<br> +<br> +Should the purchase be $3.69, to be taken out of $20.00, begin with<br> +$3.69 as the basis and make up even $4.00 by laying out 31 cents. This<br> +31 cents with the amount of the purchase you will consider as $4.00, and<br> +count out even dollars to make up the $20.00 which the customer has<br> +handed in.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br style="font-weight: bold;"> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">MERCHANTS' COST AND PRICE MARKS.</span><br> +<br> +All merchants use private cipher marks to note cost or selling price of<br> +goods. The cipher is usually made up from some short word or sentence of<br> +nine or ten letters, as:<br> +<br> +</big> +<table style="width: 540px; height: 60px;" border="1" cellpadding="2" + cellspacing="2"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <td>C </td> + <td> O</td> + <td> R </td> + <td> N </td> + <td> E </td> + <td> L </td> + <td> I </td> + <td> U </td> + <td>S, </td> + <td> A</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>1 </td> + <td> 2 </td> + <td>3 </td> + <td>4 </td> + <td> 5 </td> + <td> 6 </td> + <td> 7 </td> + <td> 8 </td> + <td>9 </td> + <td> 0</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +<big><br> +<br> +Five dollars, according to this key, would be eaa. But generally an<br> +extra letter is used to prevent repeating the mark for 0. If the sign<br> +for a second 0 in this case were y, we would have eay instead of eaa.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br style="font-weight: bold;"> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">TIME IN WHICH MONEY DOUBLES.</span><br> +<br> +</big> +<table style="width: 651px; height: 396px;" border="1" cellpadding="2" + cellspacing="2"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <td>Per Ct </td> + <td> Simple +Interest. </td> + <td> Compound Interest</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>2 </td> + <td>50 +yrs. </td> + <td>35 yrs.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>2-1/2 </td> + <td> 40 +yrs. </td> + <td>28 +yrs. 26 da.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>3 </td> + <td>33 yrs. 4 +mos. </td> + <td> 23 yrs. 164 da.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>3-1/2 </td> + <td> 28 yrs, 208 da. </td> + <td> 20 yrs. 54</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>4 </td> + <td>25 +yrs. </td> + <td> 17 +yrs. 246 da.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>4-1/2 </td> + <td> 22 yrs. 81 da. </td> + <td>15 yrs. 273 da.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>5 </td> + <td>20 +yrs. </td> + <td> 14 +yrs. 75 da.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>6 </td> + <td>16 yrs. 8 +mos. </td> + <td>11 yrs. 327 da.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>7 </td> + <td>14 yrs. 104 da. </td> + <td> 10 yrs. 89 da.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>8 </td> + <td> 12-1/2 +yrs. </td> + <td> 9 yrs 2 da.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>9 </td> + <td> 11 yrs. +40da. </td> + <td> 8 yrs. 16 da.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>10 </td> + <td> 10 +yrs. </td> + <td>7 yrs. 100 da.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +<big><br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">"A DOLLAR SAVED, A DOLLAR EARNED."</span><br> +<br> +The way to accumulate money is to save small sums with regularity. A<br> +small sum saved daily for fifty years will grow at the following rate:<br> +<br> +</big> +<table style="width: 440px; height: 346px;" border="1" cellpadding="2" + cellspacing="2"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <td><big>Daily Savings. </big></td> + <td style="text-align: right;"> Result.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>One cent </td> + <td style="text-align: right;"> $ 950</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Ten cents </td> + <td style="text-align: right;"> 9,504</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Twenty cents </td> + <td style="text-align: right;"> 19,006</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Thirty cents </td> + <td style="text-align: right;"> 28,512</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Forty cents </td> + <td style="text-align: right;"> 38,015</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Fifty cents </td> + <td style="text-align: right;"> 47,520</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><big> Sixty +cents </big></td> + <td style="text-align: right;"> 57,024</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><big>Seventy +cents </big></td> + <td style="text-align: right;"> 66,528</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><big>Eighty +cents </big></td> + <td style="text-align: right;"> 76,032</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><big>Ninety +cents </big></td> + <td style="text-align: right;"> 85,537</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><big> One +dollar </big></td> + <td style="text-align: right;"> 475,208</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +<big></big><br> +<big><br> +</big><big>[Transcriber's note: The figures from 1 to 90 cents assume +about 5.5%<br> +interest. The one dollar amount ($475,208) assumes about 10% interest.]<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">SHORT INTEREST RULES.</span><br> +<br> +To find the interest on a given sum for any number of days, at any rate<br> +of interest, multiply the principal by the number of days and divide as<br> +follows:<br> +<br> +</big> +<table style="width: 431px; height: 318px;" border="1" cellpadding="2" + cellspacing="2"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <td><big>At 3 per cent</big></td> + <td style="text-align: right;"><big> by 120</big></td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><big>At 4 per cent</big></td> + <td style="text-align: right;"><big> by 90</big></td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><big>At 5 per cent</big></td> + <td style="text-align: right;"><big> by 72</big></td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><big>At 6 per cent</big></td> + <td style="text-align: right;"><big> by 60</big></td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><big>At 7 per cent</big></td> + <td style="text-align: right;"><big> by 52</big></td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><big>At 8 per cent</big></td> + <td style="text-align: right;"><big> by 45</big></td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><big> At 9 per +cent</big></td> + <td style="text-align: right;"><big> by 40</big></td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><big> At 10 per +cent</big></td> + <td style="text-align: right;"><big> by 36</big></td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><big> At 12 per +cent</big></td> + <td style="text-align: right;"><big> by 30</big></td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><big>At 15 per +cent</big></td> + <td style="text-align: right;"><big> by 24</big></td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><big>At 20 per +cent</big></td> + <td style="text-align: right;"><big> by 18</big></td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +<big><br> +<br> +<br> +</big><big><span style="font-weight: bold;">TRADE DISCOUNTS.</span><br> +<br> +Wholesale houses usually invoice their goods to retailers at "list"<br> +prices. List prices were once upon a time supposed to be retail prices,<br> +but of late a system of "long" list prices has come into vogue in many<br> +lines of trade--that is, the list price is made exorbitantly high, so<br> +that wholesalers can give enormous discounts. These discounts, whether<br> +large or small, are called trade discounts, and are usually deducted at<br> +a certain rate per cent from the face of invoice.<br> +<br> +The amount of discount generally depends upon size of bill or terms of<br> +settlement, or both. Sometimes two or more discounts are allowed. Thus<br> +30% and 5% is expressed 30 and 5 meaning first a discount of 30% and<br> +then 5% from the remainder.<br> +<br> +30 and 5 is not 35% but 33-1/3%. 10, 5 and 3 off means three successive<br> +discounts.<br> +<br> +A wholesale house allowing 10, 5 and 3 off gets more for its goods than<br> +it would at 18 off.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">HOW TO DETECT COUNTERFEIT MONEY.</span><br> +<br> +In the space at disposal here, it is impossible of course to give a<br> +complete illustrated counterfeit detector, but the following simple<br> +rules, laid down by Bank Note Examiner Geo. R. Baker, will be found<br> +extremely valuable:<br> +<br> +Examine the form and features of all human figures: if graceful, and<br> +features distinct, examine the drapery. Notice whether the folds lie<br> +naturally, and observe whether the fine strands of the hair are plain<br> +and distinct.<br> +<br> +Examine the lettering. In a genuine bill is absolutely perfect. There<br> +has never been a counterfeit put out but was more or less defective in<br> +the lettering.<br> +<br> +Counterfeiters rarely, if ever, get the imprint or engraver's name<br> +perfect. The shading in the background of the vignette and over and<br> +around the letters forming the name of the bank, on a good bill, is even<br> +and perfect; on a counterfeit, it is uneven and imperfect.<br> +<br> +The die work around the figures of the denomination should be of the<br> +same character as the ornamental work surrounding it.<br> +<br> +Never take a bill deficient in any of these points.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +Big Trees.--Of ninety-two redwood trees in Calaveras Grove, Cal., ten<br> +are over thirty feet in diameter, and eighty-two have a diameter of from<br> +fifteen to thirty feet. Their ages are estimated at from 1,000 to 3,500<br> +years. Their height ranges from 150 to 237 feet.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br style="font-weight: bold;"> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">FACTS OF GENERAL INTEREST.</span><br> +<br> +A hawk flies 150 miles per hour; an eider duck 90 miles; a pigeon, 40<br> +miles.<br> +<br> +A man's working life is divided into four decades: 20 to 30, bronze; 30<br> +to 40, silver; 40 to 50, gold; 50 to 60, iron. Intellect and judgment<br> +are strongest between 40 and 50.<br> +<br> +Hair which is lightest in color is also lightest in weight. Light or<br> +blond hair is generally the most luxuriant, and it has been calculated<br> +that the average number of hairs of this color on an average person's<br> +head is 140,000; while the number of brown hairs is 110,000, and black<br> +only 103,000.<br> +<br> +Goldsmith received $300 for "The Vicar of Wakefield;" Moore, $15,500 for<br> +"Lalla Rookh;" Victor Hugo, $12,000 for "Hernani;" Chateaubriand,<br> +$110,000 for his works; Lamartine, $16,000 for "Travels in Palestine;"<br> +Disraeli, $50,000 for "Endymion;" Anthony Trollope, $315,000 for<br> +forty-five novels; Lingard, $21,000 for his "History of England;" Mrs.<br> +Grant received over $600,000 as royalty from the sale of "The Personal<br> +Memoirs of U. S. Grant."<br> +<br> +One woman in 20, one man in 30 is barren--about 4 per cent. It is found<br> +that one marriage in 20 is barren--5 per cent. Among the nobility of<br> +Great Britain, 21 per cent have no children, owing partly to<br> +intermarriage of cousins, no less than 4-1/2 per cent being married to<br> +cousins.<br> +<br> +The largest bells are the following, and their weight is given in tons:<br> +Moscow, 216: Burmah, 117; Pekin, 53; Novgorod, 31; Notre Dame, 18;<br> +Rouen, 18; Olmutz, 18; Vienna, 18; St. Paul's, 16; Westminster, 14;<br> +Montreal, 12; Cologne, 11; Oxford, 8; St. Peter's, 8. Bell metal should<br> +have 77 parts copper and 23 tin.<br> +<br> +American life averages for professions (Boston): Storekeepers, 41.8<br> +years; teamsters, 43.6 years; laborers. 44.6 years; seamen, 46.1 years;<br> +mechanics, 47.3 years; merchants, 48.4 years; lawyers, 52.6 years;<br> +farmers, 64.2 years.<br> +<br> +A camel has twice the carrying power of an ox; with an ordinary load of<br> +400 lb. he can travel 12 to 14 days without water, going 40 miles a day.<br> +Camels are fit to work at 5 years old, but their strength begins to<br> +decline at 25, although they live usually till 40.<br> +<br> +The checks paid in New York in one year aggregate $77,020,672,494, which<br> +is more than nine times the value of all the gold and silver coin in<br> +existence.<br> +<br> +Pounds of water evaporated by 1 lb. of fuel as follows: Straw. 1.9;<br> +wood, 3.1; peat, 3.8; coke or charcoal. 6.4; coal, 7.9; petroleum, 14.6.<br> +<br> +The average elevation of continents above sea level is: Europe, 670<br> +feet; Asia, 1,140 feet; North America. 1,150 feet; South America, 1,100<br> +feet.<br> +<br> +A body weighing 140 lb. produces 3 lb. ashes; time for burning, 55<br> +minutes.<br> +<br> +The seven largest diamonds in the world weigh, respectively, as follows;<br> +Kohinoor, 103 carats; Star of Brazil, 126 carats; Regent of France, 136<br> +carats; Austrian Kaiser, 139 carats; Russian Czar, 195 carats; Rajah of<br> +Borneo, 367 carats; Braganza, 1,880 carats. The value of the above is<br> +not regulated by size, nor easy to estimate, but none of them is worth<br> +less than $500,000.<br> +<br> +According to Orfila, the proportion of nicotine in Havana tobacco is 2<br> +per cent; in French, 6 per cent; and Virginia tobacco, 7 per cent. That<br> +in Brazilian is still higher.<br> +<br> +One horsepower will raise 16-1/2 tons per minute a height of 12 inches,<br> +working 8 hours a day. This is about 9,900 foot-tons daily, or 12 times<br> +a man's work.<br> +<br> +Good clear ice two inches thick will bear men to walk on; four inches<br> +thick will bear horses and riders; six inches thick will bear horses and<br> +teams with moderate loads.<br> +<br> +One pair of rabbits can become multiplied in four years into 1,250,000.<br> +Australia ships 6,000,000 rabbit skins yearly to England.<br> +<br> +The largest of the Pyramids, that of Cheops, is composed of four million<br> +tons of stone, and occupied 100,000 men during 20 years, equal to an<br> +outlay of $200,000,000. It would now cost $20,000,000 at a contract<br> +price of 36 cents per cubic foot.<br> +<br> +One tug on the Mississippi can take, in six days, from St. Louis to New<br> +Orleans, barges carrying 10,000 tons of grain, which would require 70<br> +railway trains of fifteen cars each.<br> +<br> +Comparative Scale of Strength.--Ordinary man, 100; Byron's Gladiator,<br> +173; Farnese Hercules, 362; horse, 750.<br> +<br> +A man will die for want of air in five minutes; for want of sleep, in<br> +ten days; for want of water, in a week; for want of food, at varying<br> +intervals, dependent on various circumstances.<br> +<br> +The average of human life is 33 years. One child out of every four dies<br> +before the age of 7 years, and only one-half of the world's population<br> +reach the age of 17. One out of 10,000 reaches 100 years. The average<br> +number of births per day is about 120,000, exceeding the deaths by about<br> +15 per minute. There have been many alleged cases of longevity in all<br> +ages, but only a few are authentic.<br> +<br> +The various nations of Europe are represented in the list of Popes as<br> +follows: English, 1; Dutch, 1; Swiss, 1; Portuguese, 1; African, 2;<br> +Austrian, 2; Spanish, 5; German, 6; Syrian, 8; Greek, 14; French, 16;<br> +Italian, 200. Eleven Popes reigned over 20 years; 69, from 10 to 20; 57,<br> +from 5 to 10; and the reign of 116 was less than 5 years. The reign of<br> +Piux IX was the longest of all, the only one exceeding 25 years.<br> +<br> +A knot, in sailor phrase, is a nautical mile, 6,080 feet, or 800 feet<br> +more than a land mile.<br> +<br> +The Garden of the Gods is near Colorado Springs and consists of a tract<br> +some 50 acres in area surrounded by mountains and ravines of red<br> +sandstone. A number of large upright rocks, some as high as 350 feet,<br> +have given the beautiful valley its name. It is entered by a very narrow<br> +pass called the "Beautiful Gate."<br> +<br> +The Trans-Siberian Railway is 6,003 miles long and was built at a cost<br> +of $201,350,860.<br> +<br> +The longest reigns in English history were; Victoria, 64 years; George<br> +III., 60; Henry III, 56; Edward III, 50; Elizabeth, 45; Henry VIII., 38.<br> +<br> +The highest mountain in North America is Mt. McKinley, at the headwaters<br> +of the Suswhitna and Kuskokwim rivers, Alaska. Its height is 20,464<br> +feet.<br> +<br> +The largest viaduct in the world was designed and built by American<br> +engineers for the English railway in Burma. It crosses the Gokteik<br> +gorge, eighty miles from Mandalay. It is 2,260 feet long and 325 feet<br> +high, and was constructed in 1900.<br> +<br> +The degrees of alcohol in wines and liquors are: Beer, 4.0; porter, 4.5;<br> +ale, 7.4; cider, 8.6; Moselle, 9.6; Tokay, 10.2; Rhine, 11.0; orange,<br> +11.2; Bordeaux, 11.5; hock, 11.6; gooseberry, 11.8; Champagne, 12.2;<br> +claret, 13.3; Burgundy, 13.6; Malaga, 17.3; Lisbon, 18.5; Canary, 18.8;<br> +sherry, 19.0; vermouth, 19.0; Cape, 19.2; Malmsey, 19.7; Marsala, 20.2;<br> +Madeira, 21.0; Port, 23.2; Curacoa, 27.0; aniseed, 33.0; Maraschino,<br> +34.0; Chartreuse, 43.0; gin, 51.6; brandy, 53.4; rum, 53.7; Irish<br> +whisky, 53.9; Scotch, 54.3. Spirits are said to be "proof" when they<br> +contain 57 per cent. The maximum amount of alcohol, says Parkes, that a<br> +man can take daily without injury to his health is that contained in 2<br> +oz. Brandy, 1/4 pt. of sherry, 1/2 pt. of claret, or 1 pt. of beer.<br> +<br> +The measurement of that part of the skull which holds the brain is<br> +stated in cubic inches thus: Anglo-Saxon, 105; German, 105; negro, 96;<br> +ancient Egyptian, 93; Hottentot, 58; Australian native, 58. In all races<br> +the male brain is about ten per cent heavier than the female. The<br> +highest class of apes has only 16 oz. of brain. A man's brain, it is<br> +estimated, consists of 300,000,000 nerve cells, of which over 3,000 are<br> +disintegrated and destroyed every minute. Everyone, therefore, has a new<br> +brain once in sixty days. But excessive labor, or lack of sleep,<br> +prevents the repair of the tissues, and the brain gradually wastes away.<br> +Diversity of occupation, by calling upon different portions of the mind<br> +or body successively, affords, in some measure, the requisite repose to<br> +each. But in this age of overwork there is no safety except in that<br> +perfect rest which is the only natural restorative of exhausted power.<br> +<br> +The King James version of the Bible contains 3,566,480 letters, 773,746<br> +words, 31,173 verses, 1,189 chapters, and 66 books. The word and occurs<br> +46,277 times. The word Lord occurs 1,855 times. The word Reverend occurs<br> +but once, which is in the 9th verse of the 111th Psalm. The middle verse<br> +is the 8th verse of the 118th Psalm. The 21st verse of the 7th chapter<br> +of Ezra contains all the letters of the alphabet except the letter J.<br> +The 19th chapter of II Kings and the 37th chapter of Isaiah are alike.<br> +The longest verse is the 9th verse of the 8th chapter of Esther. The<br> +shortest verse is the 35th verse of the 11th chapter of St. John. There<br> +are no words or names of more than six syllables.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">SOME OF NATURE'S WONDERS.</span><br> +<br> +The human body has 240 bones.<br> +<br> +Man's heart beats 92,160 times in a day.<br> +<br> +A salmon has been known to produce 10,000,000 eggs. Some female +spiders<br> +produce 2,000 eggs. A queen bee produces 100,000 eggs in a season.<br> +<br> +There are 9,000 cells in a square foot of honeycomb.<br> +<br> +It requires 2,300 silkworms to produce one pound of silk.<br> +<br> +It would take 27,600 spiders to produce one pound of web.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">THE RULE OF THE ROAD.</span><br + style="font-weight: bold;"> +<br> +The "rule of the road" in the United States is "turn to the right"; in<br> +England it is the reverse. The rule holds in this country in the case<br> +where two vehicles going in opposite directions meet. When one vehicle<br> +overtakes another the foremost gives way to the left and the other<br> +passes by on the "off side"; and when a vehicle is crossing the<br> +direction of another it keeps to the left and crosses in its rear. These<br> +two rules are the same in this country as in England, and why the rule<br> +concerning meeting vehicles should have been changed it is impossible to<br> +say.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">CANARY BIRDS.</span><br> +<br> +How to Keep Them Healthy and in Good Song.<br> +<br> +Place the cage so that no draught of air can strike the bird.<br> +<br> +Give nothing to healthy birds but rape, hemp, canary seed, water,<br> +cuttle-fish bone, and gravel, paper or sand on floor of cage.<br> +<br> +A bath three times a week;<br> +<br> +The room should not be overheated.<br> +<br> +When moulting keep warm and avoid all draughts of air.<br> +<br> +Give plenty of German summer rape seed. A little hard-boiled egg mixed<br> +with cracker, grated fine, once or twice a week, is excellent.<br> +<br> +Feed at a certain hour in the morning.<br> +<br> +<br> +Diseases and Cures.<br> +<br> +Husk or Asthma.--The curatives are aperients, such as endive, water<br> +cresses, bread and milk, and red pepper.<br> +<br> +Pip.--Mix red pepper, butter and garlic and swab out the throat.<br> +<br> +Sweating.--Wash the hen in salt and water, and dry rapidly.<br> +<br> +Costiveness.--Plenty of green food and fruit.<br> +<br> +Obstruction of the Rump Gland--Pierce with a needle. Press the inflamed<br> +matter out, and drop fine sugar over the wound.<br> +<br> +Lice.--Keep a saucer of fresh water in the cage and the bird will free<br> +itself.<br> +<br> +Overgrown Claws or Beak.--Pare carefully with a sharp knife.<br> +<br> +Moulting.--Give plenty of good food and keep warm. Saffron and a rusty<br> +nail put in the drinking water is excellent.<br> +<br> +Loss of Voice.--Feed with paste of bread, lettuce and rape seed with<br> +yoke of egg. Whisky and sugar is an excellent remedy.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">RECIPES, TRADE SECRETS ETC.</span><br> +<br style="font-weight: bold;"> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">Toothache Cure.</span>--Compound +tinct. benzoin is said to be one of the most<br> +certain and speedy cures for toothache; pour a few drops on cotton, and<br> +press at once into the diseased cavity, when the pain will almost<br> +instantly cease.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">Toothache Tincture.</span>--Mix +tannin, 1 scruple; mastic, 3 grains; ether, 2<br> +drams. Apply on cotton wool, to the tooth, previously dried.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">Charcoal Tooth Paste</span>.--Chlorate +of potash, 1/2 dram; mint water, 1<br> +ounce. Dissolve and add powdered charcoal, 2 ounces; honey, 1 ounce.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">Excellent Mouth Wash.</span>--Powdered +white Castile soap, 2 drams; alcohol, 3<br> +ounces; honey, 1 ounce; essence or extract jasmine, 2 drams. Dissolve<br> +the soap in alcohol and add honey and extract.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">Removing Tartar from the Teeth.</span>--This +preparation is used by dentists.<br> +Pure muriatic acid, one ounce; water, one ounce; honey, two ounces; mix<br> +thoroughly. Take a toothbrush, and wet it freely with this preparation,<br> +and briskly rub the black teeth, and in a moment's time they will be<br> +perfectly white; then immediately wash out the mouth well with water,<br> +that the acid may not act on the enamel of the teeth. This should be<br> +done only occasionally.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">Test for Glue.</span>--The following +simple and easy test for glue is given: A<br> +weighed piece of glue (say one-third of an ounce) is suspended in water<br> +for twenty-four hours, the temperature of which is not above fifty<br> +degrees Fahrenheit. The coloring material sinks, and the glue swells<br> +from the absorption of the water. The glue is then taken out and<br> +weighed; the greater the increase in weight the better the glue. If it<br> +then be dried perfectly and weighed again, the weight of the coloring<br> +matter can be learned from the difference between this and the original<br> +weight.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">Bad Breath.</span>--Bad breath from +catarrh, foul stomach or bad teeth may be<br> +temporarily relieved by diluting a little bromo chloralum with eight or<br> +ten parts of water, and using it as a gargle, and swallowing a few drops<br> +before going out. A pint of bromo chloralum costs fifty cents, but a<br> +small vial will last a long time.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">Good Tooth Powder.</span>--Procure, at +a druggist's, half an ounce of powdered<br> +orris root, half an ounce of prepared chalk finely pulverized, and two<br> +or three small lumps of Dutch pink. Let them all be mixed in a mortar,<br> +and pounded together. The Dutch pink is to impart a pale reddish color.<br> +Keep it in a close box.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">Another Tooth Powder.</span>--Mix +together, in a mortar, half an ounce of red<br> +Peruvian bark, finely powdered, a quarter of an ounce of powdered myrrh,<br> +and a quarter of an ounce of prepared chalk.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">A Safe Depilatory.</span>--Take a +strong solution of sulphuret of barium, and<br> +add enough finely powdered starch to make a paste. Apply to the roots of<br> +the hair and allow it to remain on a few minutes, then scrape off with<br> +the back edge of a knife blade, and rub with sweet oil.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">Quick Depilatory for Removing Hair.</span>--Best +slaked lime, 6 ounces;<br> +orpiment, fine powder, 1 ounce. Mix with a covered sieve and preserve in<br> +a dry place in closely stoppered bottles. In using mix the powder with<br> +enough water to form a paste, and apply to the hair to be removed. In<br> +about five minutes, or as soon as its caustic action is felt on the<br> +skin, remove, as in shaving, with an ivory or bone paper knife, wash<br> +with cold water freely, and apply cold cream.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">Tricopherus for the Hair.</span>--Castor +oil, alcohol, each 1 pint; tinct.<br> +cantharides, 1 ounce; oil bergamot, 1/2 ounce; alkanet coloring, to<br> +color as wished. Mix and let it stand forty-eight hours, with occasional<br> +shaking, and then filter.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">Liquid Shampoo.-</span>-Take bay rum. +2-1/2 pints; water, 1/2 pint; glycerine,<br> +1 ounce; tinct. cantharides, 2 drams; carbonate of ammonia, 2 drams;<br> +borax, 1/2 ounce; or take of New England rum, 1-1/2 pints; bay rum, 1<br> +pint; water, 1/2 pint; glycerine, 1 ounce; tinct. cantharides, 2 drams,<br> +ammon. carbonate, 2 drams; borax, 1/2 ounce; the salts to be dissolved<br> +in water and the other ingredients to be added gradually.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">Cleaning Hair Brushes.</span>--Put a +teaspoonful or dessertspoonful of aqua<br> +ammonia into a basin half full of water, comb the loose hairs out of the<br> +brush, then agitate the water briskly with the brush, and rinse it well<br> +with clear water.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">Hair Invigorator.</span>--Bay rum, two +pints; alcohol, one pint; castor oil,<br> +one ounce; carb. ammonia, half an ounce; tincture of cantharides, one<br> +ounce. Mix them well. This compound will promote the growth of the hair<br> +and prevent it from falling out.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">For Dandruff.</span>--Take glycerine, +four ounces; tincture of cantharides,<br> +five ounces; bay rum, four ounces; water, two ounces. Mix and apply once<br> +a day, and rub well into the scalp.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">Mustache Grower</span>.--Simple +cerate, 1 ounce; oil bergamot, 10 minims;<br> +saturated tinct. of cantharides, 15 minims. Rub them together<br> +thoroughly, or melt the cerate and stir in the tincture while hot, and<br> +the oil as soon as it is nearly cold, then run into molds or rolls. To<br> +be applied as a pomade, rubbing in at the roots of the hair. Care must<br> +be used not to inflame the skin by too frequent application.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">Razor-strop Paste.</span>--Wet the +strop with a little sweet oil, and apply a<br> +little flour of emery evenly over the surface.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">Shaving Compound.</span>--Half a pound +of plain white soap, dissolved in a<br> +small quantity of alcohol, as little as can be used; add a tablespoonful<br> +of pulverized borax. Shave the soap and put it in a small tin basin or<br> +cup; place it on the fire in a dish of boiling water; when melted, add<br> +the alcohol, and remove from the fire; stir in oil of bergamot<br> +sufficient to perfume it.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">Cure for Prickly Heat.</span>--Mix a +large portion of wheat bran with either<br> +cold or lukewarm water, and use it as a bath twice or thrice a day.<br> +Children who are covered with prickly heat in warm weather will be thus<br> +effectually relieved from that tormenting eruption. As soon as it begins<br> +to appear on the neck, face or arms, commence using the bran water on<br> +these parts repeatedly through the day, and it may probably spread no<br> +farther. If it does, the bran water bath will certainly cure it, if<br> +persisted in.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">To Remove Corns from Between the Toes.</span>--These +corns are generally more<br> +painful than any others, and are frequently situated as to be almost<br> +inaccessible to the usual remedies. Wetting them several times a day<br> +with hartshorn will in most cases cure them. Try it.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">Superior Cologne Water.</span>--Oil of +lavender, two drams; oil of rosemary,<br> +one dram and a half; orange, lemon and bergamot, one dram each of the<br> +oil; also two drams of the essence of musk, attar of rose, ten drops,<br> +and a pint of proof spirit. Shake all together thoroughly three times a<br> +day for a week.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">Inexhaustible Smelling Salts.</span>--Sal +tartar, three drams; muriate ammonia,<br> +granulated, 6 drams; oil neroli. 5 minims; oil lavender flowers, 5<br> +minims; oil rose, 3 minims; spirits ammonia, 15 minims. Put into the<br> +pungent a small piece of sponge filling about one-fourth the space, and<br> +pour on it a due proportion of the oils, then put in the mixed salts<br> +until the bottle is three-fourths full, and pour on the spirits of<br> +ammonia in proper proportion and close the bottle.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">Volatile Salts for Pungents.</span>--Liquor +ammon., 1 pint; oil lavender<br> +flowers, 1 dram; oil rosemary, fine, 1 dram; oil bergamot, 1/2 dram; oil<br> +peppermint, 10 minims. Mix thoroughly and fill pungents or keep in well<br> +stoppered bottle. Another formula is, sesqui-carbonate of ammonia,<br> +small pieces, 10 ounces; concentrated liq. ammonia, 5 ounces. Put the<br> +sesqui-carb. in a wide-mouthed jar with air-tight stopper, perfume the<br> +liquor ammonia to suit and pour over the carbonate; close tightly the<br> +lid and place in a cool place; stir with a stiff spatula every other day<br> +for a week, and then keep it closed for two weeks, or until it becomes<br> +hard, when it is ready for use.<br> +<br style="font-weight: bold;"> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">Paste for Papering Boxes.</span>--Boil +water and stir in batter of wheat or rye<br> +flour. Let it boil one minute, take off and strain through a colander.<br> +Add, while boiling, a little glue or powdered alum. Do plenty of<br> +stirring while the paste is cooking, and make of consistency that will<br> +spread nicely.<br> +<br style="font-weight: bold;"> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">Aromatic Spirit of Vinegar.</span>--Acetic +acid, No. 8. pure, 8 ounces;<br> +camphor, 1/2 ounce. Dissolve and add oil lemon, oil lavender flowers,<br> +each two drams; oil cassia, oil cloves, 1/2 dram each. Thoroughly mix<br> +and keep in well stoppered bottle.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">Rose-Water.</span>--Preferable to the +distilled for a perfume, or for ordinary<br> +purposes. Attar of rose, twelve drops; rub it up with half an ounce of<br> +white sugar and two drams carbonate magnesia, then add gradually one<br> +quart of water and two ounces of proof spirit, and filter through paper.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">Bay Rum.</span>--French proof spirit, +one gallon; extract bay, six ounces. Mix<br> +and color with caramel; needs no filtering.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">Fine Lavender Water.</span>--Mix +together, in a clean bottle, a pint of<br> +inodorous spirit of wine, an ounce of oil of lavender, a teaspoonful of<br> +oil of bergamot, and a tablespoonful of oil of ambergris.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">The Virtues of Turpentine.</span>--After +a housekeeper fully realizes the worth<br> +of turpentine in the household, she is never willing to be without a<br> +supply of it. It gives quick relief to burns, it is an excellent<br> +application for corns, it is good for rheumatism and sore throat, and it<br> +is the quickest remedy for convulsions or fits. Then it is a sure<br> +preventive against moths: by just dropping a trifle in the bottom of<br> +drawers, chests and cupboards, it will render the garments secure from<br> +injury during the summer. It will keep ants and bugs from closets and<br> +store-rooms by putting a few drops in the corners and upon the shelves;<br> +it is sure destruction to bedbugs, and will effectually drive them away<br> +from their haunts if thoroughly applied to all the joints of the<br> +bedstead in the spring cleaning time, and injures neither furniture nor<br> +clothing. A spoonful of it added to a pail of warm water is excellent<br> +for cleaning paint. A little in suds washing days lightens laundry<br> +labor.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">A Perpetual Paste </span>is a paste +that may be made by dissolving an ounce of<br> +alum in a quart of warm water. When cold, add as much flour as will make<br> +it the consistency of cream, then stir into it half a teaspoonful of<br> +powdered resin, and two or three cloves. Boil it to a consistency of<br> +mush, stirring all the time. It will keep for twelve months, and when<br> +dry may be softened with warm water.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">Paste for Scrap Books.</span>--Take +half a teaspoonful of starch, same of<br> +flour, pour on a little boiling water, let it stand a minute, add more<br> +water, stir and cook it until it is thick enough to starch a shirt<br> +bosom. It spreads smooth, sticks well and will not mold or discolor<br> +paper. Starch alone will make a very good paste.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">A Strong Paste.</span>--A paste that +will neither decay nor become moldy. Mix<br> +good clean flour with cold water into a thick paste well blended<br> +together; then add boiling water, stirring well up until it is of a<br> +consistency that can be easily and smoothly spread with a brush; add to<br> +this a spoonful or two of brown sugar, a little corrosive sublimate and<br> +about half a dozen drops of oil of lavender, and you will have a paste<br> +that will hold with wonderful tenacity.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">A Brilliant Paste.</span>--A brilliant +and adhesive paste, adapted to fancy<br> +articles, may be made by dissolving caseine precipitated from milk by<br> +acetic acid and washed with pure water in a saturated solution of borax.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">A Sugar Paste.</span>--In order to +prevent the gum from cracking, to ten parts<br> +by weight of gum arabic and three parts of sugar add water until the<br> +desired consistency is obtained. If a very strong paste is required, add<br> +a quantity of flour equal in weight to the gum, without boiling the<br> +mixture. The paste improves in strength when it begins to ferment.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">Tin Box Cement.</span>--To fix labels +to tin boxes either of the following will<br> +answer: 1. Soften good glue in water, then boil it in strong vinegar,<br> +and thicken the liquid while boiling with fine wheat flour, so that a<br> +paste results. 2. Starch paste, with which a little Venice turpentine<br> +has been incorporated while warm.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">Paper and Leather Paste.</span>--Cover +four parts, by weight, of glue, with<br> +fifteen parts of cold water, and allow it to soak for several hours,<br> +then warm moderately till the solution is perfectly clear, and dilute<br> +with sixty parts of boiling water, intimately stirred in. Next prepare a<br> +solution of thirty parts of starch in two hundred parts of cold water,<br> +so as to form a thin homogeneous liquid, free from lumps, and pour the<br> +boiling glue solution into it with thorough stirring, and at the same<br> +time keep the mass boiling.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">Commercial Mucilage</span>.--The best +quality of mucilage in the market is made<br> +by dissolving clear glue in equal volumes of water and strong vinegar,<br> +and adding one-fourth of an equal volume of alcohol, and a small<br> +quantity of a solution of alum in water. Some of the cheaper<br> +preparations offered for sale are merely boiled starch or flour, mixed<br> +with nitric acid to prevent their gelatinizing.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">Acid-Proof Paste.</span>--A paste +formed by mixing powdered glass with a<br> +concentrated solution of silicate of soda makes an excellent acid-proof<br> +cement.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">Paste to Fasten Cloth to Wood.</span>--Take +a plump pound of wheat flour, one<br> +tablespoonful of powdered resin, one tablespoonful of finely powdered<br> +alum, and rub the mixture in a suitable vessel, with water, to a<br> +uniform, smooth paste; transfer this to a small kettle over a fire, and<br> +stir until the paste is perfectly homogeneous without lumps. As soon as<br> +the mass has become so stiff that the stirrer remains upright in it,<br> +transfer it to another vessel and cover it up so that no skin may form<br> +on its surface. This paste is applied in a very thin layer to the<br> +surface of the table; the cloth, or leather, is then laid and pressed<br> +upon it, and smoothed with a roller. The ends are cut off after drying.<br> +If leather is to be fastened on, this must first be moistened with<br> +water. The paste is then applied, and the leather rubbed smooth with a<br> +cloth.<br> +<br style="font-weight: bold;"> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">Paste for Printing Office.-</span>-Take +two gallons of cold water and one quart<br> +wheat flour, rub out all the lumps, then add one-fourth pound of finely<br> +pulverized alum and boil the mixture for ten minutes, or until a thick<br> +consistency is reached. Now add one quart of hot water and, boil again,<br> +until the paste becomes a pale brown color, and thick. The paste should<br> +be well stirred during both processes of cooking. Paste thus made will<br> +keep sweet for two weeks and prove very adhesive.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">To Take Smoke Stains from Walls.</span>--An +easy and sure way to remove smoke<br> +stains from common plain ceilings is to mix wood ashes with the<br> +whitewash just before applying. A pint of ashes to a small pail of<br> +whitewash is sufficient, but a little more or less will do no harm.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">To Remove Stains from Broadcloth.</span>--Take +an ounce of pipe clay, which has<br> +been ground fine, mix it with twelve drops of alcohol and the same<br> +quantity of spirits of turpentine. Whenever you wish to remove any<br> +stains from cloth, moisten a little of this mixture with alcohol and rub<br> +it on the spots. Let it remain till dry, then rub it off with a woolen<br> +cloth, and the spots will disappear.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">To Remove Red Stains of Fruit from +Linen.</span>--Moisten the cloth and hold it<br> +over a piece of burning sulphur; then wash thoroughly, or else the spots<br> +may reappear.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">To Remove Oil Stains.</span>--Take +three ounces of spirits of turpentine and<br> +one ounce of essence of lemon, mix well, and apply it as you would any<br> +other scouring drops. It will take out all the grease.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">Iron Stains</span> may be removed by +the salt of lemons. Many stains may be<br> +removed by dipping the linen in some buttermilk, and then drying it in a<br> +hot sun; wash it in cold water; repeat this three or four times.<br> +<br style="font-weight: bold;"> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">To Remove Oil Stains from Wood.</span>--Mix +together fuller's earth and soap<br> +lees, and rub it into the boards. Let it dry and then scour it off with<br> +some strong soft soap and sand, or use lees to scour it with. It should<br> +be put on hot, which may easily be done by heating the lees.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">To Remove Tea Stains</span>.--Mix +thoroughly soft soap and salt--say a<br> +tablespoonful of salt to a teacupful of soap, rub on the spots, and<br> +spread the cloth on the grass where the sun will shine on it. Let it lie<br> +two or three days, then wash. If the spots are wet occasionally while<br> +lying on the grass, it will hasten the bleaching.<br> +<br style="font-weight: bold;"> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">To Remove Stains from Muslin.</span>--If +you have stained your muslin or<br> +gingham dress, or similar articles, with berries, before wetting with<br> +anything else, pour boiling water through the stains and they will<br> +disappear. Before fruit juice dries it can often be removed by cold<br> +water, using a sponge and towel if necessary.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">To Remove Acid Stains.</span>--Stains +caused by acids may be removed by tying<br> +some pearlash up in the stained part; scrape some soap in cold, soft<br> +water, and boil the linen until the stain is gone.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">To Disinfect Sinks and Drains.</span>--Copperas +dissolved in water, one-fourth<br> +of a pound to a gallon, and poured into a sink and water drain<br> +occasionally, will keep such places sweet and wholesome. A little<br> +chloride of lime, say half a pound to a gallon of water, will have the<br> +same effect, and either of these costs but a trifle.<br> +<br> +A preparation may be made at home which will answer about as well as the<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">chloride of lime</span>. Dissolve a +bushel of salt in a barrel of water, and<br> +with the salt water slake a barrel of lime, which should be made wet<br> +enough to form a thin paste or wash.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">To Disinfect a Cellar.</span>--A damp, +musty cellar may be sweetened by<br> +sprinkling upon the floor pulverized copperas, chloride of lime, or even<br> +common lime. The most effective means I have ever used to disinfect<br> +decaying vegetable matter is chloride of lime in solution. One pound may<br> +be dissolved in two gallons of water. Plaster of Paris has also been<br> +found an excellent absorbent of noxious odors. If used one part with<br> +three parts of charcoal, it will be found still better.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">How to Thaw Out a Water Pipe.</span>--Water +pipes usually freeze up when<br> +exposed, for inside the walls, where they cannot be reached, they are or<br> +should be packed to prevent freezing. To thaw out a frozen pipe, bundle<br> +a newspaper into a torch, light it, and pass it along the pipe slowly.<br> +The ice will yield to this much quicker than to hot water or wrappings<br> +or hot cloths, as is the common practice.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">To Prevent Mold.</span>--A small +quantity of carbolic acid added to paste,<br> +mucilage and ink, will prevent mold. An ounce of the acid to a gallon of<br> +whitewash will keep cellars and dairies from the disagreeable odor which<br> +often taints milk and meat kept in such places.<br> +<br style="font-weight: bold;"> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">Thawing Frozen Gas Pipe.</span>--Mr. +F. H. Shelton says: "I took off from over<br> +the pipe, some four or five inches, just a crust of earth, and then put<br> +a couple of bushels of lime in the space, poured water over it, and<br> +slaked it, and then put canvas over that, and rocks on the canvas, so as<br> +to keep the wind from getting underneath. Next morning, on returning<br> +there, I found that the frost had been drawn out from the ground for<br> +nearly three feet. You can appreciate what an advantage that was, for<br> +picking through frozen ground, with the thermometer below zero, is no<br> +joke. Since then we have tried it several times. It is an excellent plan<br> +if you have time enough to let the time work. In the daytime you cannot<br> +afford to waste the time, but if you have a spare night in which to<br> +work, it is worth while to try it."<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">How to Test a Thermometer.</span>--The +common thermometer in a japanned iron<br> +case is usually inaccurate. To test the thermometer, bring water into<br> +the condition of active boiling, warm the thermometer gradually in the<br> +steam and then plunge it into the water. If it indicates a fixed<br> +temperature of two hundred and twelve degrees, the instrument is a good<br> +one.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">Indelible Ink.</span>--An indelible +ink that cannot be erased, even with acids,<br> +can be obtained from the following recipe: To good gall ink add a strong<br> +solution of Prussian blue dissolved in distilled water. This will form a<br> +writing fluid which cannot be erased without destruction of the paper.<br> +The ink will write greenish blue, but afterward will turn black.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">To Get a Broken Cork Out of a Bottle.</span>--If, +in drawing a cork, it breaks,<br> +and the lower part falls down into the liquid, tie a long loop in a bit<br> +of twine, or small cord, and put it in, holding the bottle so as to<br> +bring the piece of cork near to the lower part of the neck. Catch it in<br> +the loop, so as to hold it stationary. You can then easily extract it<br> +with a corkscrew.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">A Wash for Cleaning Silver.</span>--Mix +together half an ounce of fine salt,<br> +half an ounce of powdered alum, and half an ounce of cream of tartar.<br> +Put them into a large white-ware pitcher, and pour on two ounces of<br> +water, and stir them frequently, till entirely dissolved. Then transfer<br> +the mixture to clean bottles and cork them closely. Before using it,<br> +shake the bottles well. Pour some of the liquid into a bowl, and wash<br> +the silver all over with it, using an old, soft, fine linen cloth. Let<br> +it stand about ten minutes, and then rub it dry with a buckskin. It will<br> +make the silver look like new.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">To Remove the Odor from a Vial.</span>--The +odor of its last contents may be<br> +removed from a vial by filling it with cold water, and letting it stand<br> +in any airy place uncorked for three days, changing the water every day.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">To Loosen a Glass Stopper</span>.--The +manner in which apothecaries loosen<br> +glass stoppers when there is difficulty in getting them out is to press<br> +the thumb of the right hand very hard against the lower part of the<br> +stopper, and then give the stopper a twist the other way, with the thumb<br> +and forefinger of the left hand, keeping the bottle stiff in a steady<br> +position.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">To Soften Boots and Shoes.</span>--Kerosene +will soften boots and shoes which<br> +have been hardened by water, and render them as pliable as new.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">To Remove Stains, Spots, and Mildew +from Furniture.</span>--Take half a pint of<br> +ninety-eight per cent alcohol, a quarter of an ounce each of pulverized<br> +resin and gum shellac, add half a pint of linseed oil, shake well and<br> +apply with a brush or sponge. Sweet oil will remove finger marks from<br> +varnished furniture, and kerosene from oiled furniture.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">To Freshen Gilt Frames.</span>--Gilt +frames may be revived by carefully dusting<br> +them, and then washing with one ounce of soda beaten up with the whites<br> +of three eggs. Scraped patches should be touched up with gold paint.<br> +Castile soap and water, with proper care, may be used to clean oil<br> +paintings. Other methods should not be employed without some skill.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">To Fill Cracks in Plaster.</span>--Use +vinegar instead of water to mix your<br> +plaster of Paris. The resultant mass will be like putty, and will not<br> +"set" for twenty or thirty minutes, whereas if you use water the plaster<br> +will become hard almost immediately, before you have time to use it.<br> +Push it into the cracks and smooth it off nicely with a table knife.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">To Toughen Lamp Chimneys and Glassware.</span>--Immerse +the article in a pot<br> +filled with cold water, to which some common salt has been added. Boil<br> +the water well, then cool slowly. Glass treated in this way will resist<br> +any sudden change of temperature.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">To Remove Paint from Window-Glass.</span>--Rub +it well with hot, sharp vinegar.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">To Clean Stovepipe.</span>--A piece of +zinc put on the live coals in the stove<br> +will clean out the stovepipe.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">To Brighten Carpets.</span>--Carpets +after the dust has been beaten out may be<br> +brightened by scattering upon them cornmeal mixed with salt and then<br> +sweeping it off. Mix salt and meal in equal proportions. Carpets should<br> +be thoroughly beaten on the wrong side first and then on the right side,<br> +after which spots may be removed by the use of ox-gall or ammonia and<br> +water.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">To Keep Flowers Fresh</span> exclude +them from the air. To do this wet them<br> +thoroughly, put in a damp box, and cover with wet raw cotton or wet<br> +newspaper, then place in a cool spot. To preserve bouquets, put a little<br> +saltpetre in the water you use for your bouquets, and the flowers will<br> +live for a fortnight.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">To Preserve Brooms.</span>--Dip them +for a minute or two in a kettle of boiling<br> +suds once a week and they will last much longer, making them tough and<br> +pliable. A carpet wears much longer swept with a broom cared for in this<br> +manner.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">To Clean Brassware.</span>--Mix one +ounce of oxalic acid, six ounces of rotten<br> +stone, all in powder, one ounce of sweet oil, and sufficient water to<br> +make a paste. Apply a small proportion, and rub dry with a flannel or<br> +leather. The liquid dip most generally used consists of nitric and<br> +sulphuric acids, but this is more corrosive.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">To Keep Out Mosquitoes.</span>--If a +bottle of the oil of pennyroyal is left<br> +uncorked in a room at night, not a mosquito, nor any other blood-sucker,<br> +will be found there in the morning.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">To Kill Cockroaches.</span>--A +teacupful of well bruised plaster of Paris,<br> +mixed with double the quantity of oatmeal, to which a little sugar may<br> +be added, although this last named ingredient is not essential. Strew it<br> +on the floor, or into the chinks where they frequent.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">To Destroy Ants.</span>--Drop some +quicklime on the mouth of their nest, and<br> +wash it with boiling water, or dissolve some camphor in spirits of wine,<br> +then mix with water, and pour into their haunts; or tobacco water, which<br> +has been found effectual. They are averse to strong scents. Camphor, or<br> +a sponge saturated with creosote, will prevent their infesting a<br> +cupboard. To prevent their climbing up trees, place a ring of tar about<br> +the trunk, or a circle of rag moistened occasionally with creosote.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">To Prevent Moths.</span>--In the month +of April or May, beat your fur garments<br> +well with a small cane or elastic stick, then wrap them up in linen,<br> +without pressing them too hard, and put betwixt the folds some camphor<br> +in small lumps; then put your furs in this state in boxes well closed.<br> +When the furs are wanted for use, beat them well as before, and expose<br> +them for twenty-four hours to the air, which will take away the smell of<br> +the camphor. If the fur has long hair, as bear or fox, add to the<br> +camphor an equal quantity of black pepper in powder.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">To Get Rid of Moths</span>--<br> +1. Procure shavings of cedar wood, and inclose in muslin bags, which can<br> +be distributed freely among the clothes.<br> +<br> +2. Procure shavings of camphor wood, and inclose in bags.<br> +<br> +3. Sprinkle pimento (allspice) berries among the clothes.<br> +<br> +4. Sprinkle the clothes with the seeds of the musk plant.<br> +<br> +5. To destroy the eggs, when deposited in woolen cloths, etc., use a<br> +solution of acetate of potash in spirits of rosemary, fifteen grains to<br> +the pint.<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">Bed Bugs.</span>--Spirits of naphtha +rubbed with a small painter's brush into<br> +every part of the bedstead is a certain way of getting rid of bugs. The<br> +mattress and binding of the bed should be examined, and the same process<br> +attended to, as they generally harbor more in these parts than in the<br> +bedstead. Ten cents' worth of naphtha is sufficient for one bed.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">Bug Poison.</span>--Proof spirit, one +pint; camphor, two ounces; oil of<br> +turpentine, four ounces; corrosive sublimate, one ounce. Mix. A<br> +correspondent says: "I have been for a long time troubled with bugs, and<br> +never could get rid of them by any clean and expeditious method, until a<br> +friend told me to suspend a small bag of camphor to the bed, just in the<br> +center, overhead. I did so, and the enemy was most effectually repulsed,<br> +and has not made his appearance since--not even for a reconnoissance!"<br> +This is a simple method of getting rid of these pests, and is worth a<br> +trial to see if it be effectual in other cases.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">Mixture for Destroying Flies</span>--Infusion +of quassia, one pint; brown<br> +sugar, four ounces; ground pepper, two ounces. To be well mixed<br> +together, and put in small, shallow dishes when required.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">To Destroy Flies</span> in a room, +take half a teaspoonful of black pepper in<br> +powder, one teaspoonful of brown sugar, and one tablespoonful of cream,<br> +mix them well together, and place them in the room on a plate, where the<br> +flies are troublesome, and they will soon disappear.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">To Drive Flies from the House.</span>--A +good way to rid the house of flies is<br> +to saturate small cloths with oil of sassafras and lay them in windows<br> +and doors. The flies will soon leave.<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">Aging Oak.</span>--Strong ammonia +fumes may be used for aging oak. Place the<br> +piece to be fumed, with an evaporating dish containing concentrated<br> +ammonia, in a box, and close it airtight. Leave for 12 hours and finish<br> +with a wax polish, applying first a thin coat of paraffine oil and then<br> +rubbing with a pomade of prepared wax made as follows: Two ounces each<br> +of yellow and white beeswax heated over a slow fire in a clean vessel<br> +(agate ware is good) until melted. Add 4 oz. turpentine and stir till<br> +entirely cool. Keep the turpentine away from the fire. This will give<br> +the oak a lustrous brown color, and nicking will not expose a different<br> +surface, as the ammonia fumes penetrate to a considerable depth.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">OPPORTUNITY.</span><br> +<br> +They do me wrong who say I come no more<br> + When once I've knocked and failed to find you in;<br> +For every day I stand outside your door,<br> + And bid you wake and ride, to fight and win.<br> +<br> +Wail not for precious chances passed away,<br> + Weep not for golden ages on the wane;<br> +Each night I burn the records of the day;<br> + At sunrise every soul is born again.<br> +<br> +Laugh like a boy at splendors that have sped;<br> + To vanished hopes be blind and deaf and dumb;<br> +My judgments seal the dead past with its dead,<br> + But never bind a moment yet to come.<br> +<br> +Though deep in mire, wring not your hands and weep:<br> + I lend my arm to all who say. "I can."<br> +No shamefaced outcast ever sank so deep<br> + But yet might rise and be again a man!<br> +<br> +Dost thou behold thy lost youth all aghast?<br> + Dost reel from righteous retribution's blow?<br> +Then turn from blotted archives of the past.<br> + And find the future's pages white as snow.<br> +<br> +Art thou a mourner? Rouse thee from thy spell!<br> + Art thou a sinner? Sins may be forgiven;<br> +Each morning gives thee wings to flee from hell.<br> + Each night a star to guide to Heaven!<br> + +--Walter Maloney.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br style="font-weight: bold;"> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">WEIGHTS AND MEASURES</span><br> +<br> +Troy Weight.--24 grains make 1 pennyweight, 20 pennyweights make 1<br> +ounce. By this weight, gold, silver and jewels only are weighed. The<br> +ounce and pound in this are same as in Apothecaries' weight.<br> +<br> +Apothecaries' Weight.--20 grains make one scruple. 3 scruples make 1<br> +dram. 8 drams make 1 ounce, l2 ounces make 1 pound.<br> +<br> +Avoirdupois Weight.--6 drams make 1 ounce, 16 ounces make 1 pound, 25<br> +pounds make 1 quarter, 4 quarters make 1 hundredweight, 2,000 pounds<br> +make 1 ton.<br> +<br> +Dry Measure.--2 pints make 1 quart, 8 quarts make 1 peck, 4 pecks make 1<br> +bushel, 36 bushels make 1 chaldron.<br> +<br> +Liquid or Wine Measure.--4 gills make 1 pint, 2 pints make 1 quart, 4<br> +quarts make 1 gallon. 31-1/2 gallons make 1 barrel, 2 barrels make 1<br> +hogshead.<br> +<br> +Time Measure.--60 seconds make 1 minute, 60 minutes make 1 hour, 24<br> +hours make 1 day, 7 days make 1 week, 4 weeks make 1 lunar month, 28,<br> +29, 30 or 31 days make 1 calendar month (30 days make 1 month in<br> +computing interest). 52 weeks and 1 day, or 12 calendar months make a<br> +year; 365 days, 5 hours, 48 minutes and 49 seconds make 1 solar year.<br> +<br> +Circular Measure.--60 seconds make 1 minute, 60 minutes make 1 degree,<br> +30 degrees make 1 sign, 90 degrees make 1 quadrant, 4 quadrants or 360<br> +degrees make 1 circle.<br> +<br> +Long Measure.--Distance--3 barleycorns 1 inch, 12 inches 1 foot. +3 feet<br> +1 yard. 5-1/2 yards 1 rod, 40 rods 1 furlong, 8 furlongs 1 mile.<br> +<br> +Cloth Measure.--2-1/2 inches 1 nail, 4 nails 1 quarter, 4 quarters 1<br> +yard.<br> +<br> +Miscellaneous.--3 inches 1 palm, 4 inches 1 hand, 9 inches 1 +span, 18<br> +inches 1 cubit, 21.8 inches 1 Bible cubit. 2-1/2 feet 1 military pace.<br> +<br> +Square Measure.--144 square inches 1 square foot, 9 square feet 1 square<br> +yard, 30-1/4 square yards 1 square rod, 40 square rods 1 rood, 4 roods 1<br> +acre.<br> +<br> +Surveyors' Measure.--7.92 inches 1 link, 25 links 1 rod, 4 rods 1 chain,<br> +10 square chains or 160 square rods 1 acre, 640 acres 1 square mile.<br> +<br> +Cubic Measure.--l,728 cubic inches 1 cubic foot. 27 cubic feet 1 cubic<br> +yard, 128 cubic feet 1 cord (wood), 40 cubic feet 1 ton (shipping),<br> +2,150.42 cubic inches 1 standard bushel, 268.8 cubic inches 1 standard<br> +gallon, 1 cubic foot four-fifths of a bushel.<br> +<br> +Metric Weights.--10 milligrams 1 centigram, 10 centigrams 1 decigram, 10<br> +decigrams 1 gram, 10 grams 1 dekagram, 10 dekagrams 1 hektogram, 10<br> +hektograms 1 kilogram.<br> +<br> +Metric Measure.--(One milliliter--Cubic centimeter).--10 milliliters 1<br> +centiliter, 10 centiliters 1 deciliter, 10 deciliters 1 liter, 10 liters<br> +1 dekaliter, 10 dekaliters 1 hektoliter, 10 hektoliters 1 kiloliter.<br> +<br> +Metric Lengths.--10 millimeters 1 centimeter, 10 centimeters 1<br> +decimeter, 10 decimeters 1 meter, 10 meters 1 dekameter, 10 dekameters 1<br> +hektometer, 10 hektometers 1 kilometer.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +Relative Value of Apothecaries' and Imperial Measure.<br> +<br> +</big> +<table style="width: 669px; height: 200px;" border="1" cellpadding="2" + cellspacing="2"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <td><br> + </td> + <td colspan="2" rowspan="1"> Apothecaries'. </td> + <td colspan="2" rowspan="1"> Imperial.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><br> + </td> + <td> pints </td> + <td>ounces </td> + <td> drams </td> + <td> minims</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>1 gallon equals </td> + <td> 6 </td> + <td>13 </td> + <td> 2 </td> + <td> 23</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>1 pint +equals </td> + <td><br> + </td> + <td> 16 </td> + <td> 5 </td> + <td> 18</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>1 fluid ounce +equals </td> + <td> <br> + </td> + <td> 1 </td> + <td> 0 </td> + <td> 20</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>1 fluid dram +equals </td> + <td> <br> + </td> + <td><br> + </td> + <td> 1 </td> + <td> 2-1/2</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +<big><br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +Handy Metric Table.<br> +<br> +The following table gives the equivalents of both the metric and common<br> +systems, and will be found convenient for reference:<br> +<br> +</big> +<table border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2" width="100%"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <td><br> + </td> + <td> Approximate </td> + <td> Accurate</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><br> + </td> + <td> Equivalent. </td> + <td> Equivalent.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>1 inch [length] </td> + <td> 2-1/2 cubic centimeters </td> + <td> 2.539</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>1 +centimeter </td> + <td> 0.4 +inch </td> + <td> 0.393</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>1 +yard </td> + <td> 1 +meter </td> + <td> 0.914</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>1 meter (39.37 +inches) </td> + <td> l +yard </td> + <td> 1.093</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>1 +foot </td> + <td> 30 +centimeters </td> + <td> 30.479</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>1 kilometer (1,000 +meters) </td> + <td> 5/8 +mile </td> + <td> 0.621</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>1 +mile </td> + <td> 1-1/2 +kilometers </td> + <td> 1.600</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>1 gramme +[weight] </td> + <td> 15-1/2 +grains </td> + <td> 15.432</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>1 +grain </td> + <td> 0.064 +gramme </td> + <td> 0.064</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>1 kilogramme (1,000 grammes) </td> + <td> 2.2 pounds +avoirdupois. </td> + <td> 2.204</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>1 pound +avoirdupois </td> + <td>1/2 +kilogramme </td> + <td>0.453</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>1 ounce avoirdupois (437-1/2 grains) </td> + <td> 28-1/3 +grammes </td> + <td> 28.349</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>1 ounce troy, or apothecary (480 grains) </td> + <td> 31 +grammes </td> + <td> 31.103</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>1 cubic centimeter +[bulk] </td> + <td> 1.06 cubic +inch. </td> + <td> 0.060</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>1 cubic +inch </td> + <td>16-1/3 cubic centimeters </td> + <td> 16.386</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>1 liter (1,000 cubic centimeters). </td> + <td> 1 United States standard +quart </td> + <td> 0.946</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>1 United States +quart. </td> + <td> 1 +liter </td> + <td> 1.057</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>1 fluid +ounce </td> + <td> 29-1/2 cubic centimeters </td> + <td> 29.570</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>1 hectare (10,000 square meters) [surface] </td> + <td> 2-1/2 +acres </td> + <td> 2.471</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>1 +acre </td> + <td> 0.4 +hectare </td> + <td> 0.40</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +<big><br> +<br> +[Transcriber's noted: 1 inch is about 2-1/2 centimeters, not cubic<br> +centimeters. 1 cubic centimeter is about 0.06102 cubic inch (not 1.06).]<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">HANDY WEIGHTS AND MEASURES.</span><br> +<br> +One quart of wheat flour is one pound. One quart of corn meal weighs<br> +eighteen ounces. One quart of butter, soft, weighs 14 to 16 ounces. One<br> +quart of brown sugar weighs from a pound to a pound and a quarter,<br> +according to dampness. One quart of white sugar weighs 2 pounds. Ten<br> +medium-sized eggs weigh one pound. A tablespoonful of salt is one ounce.<br> +Eight tablespoonfuls make 1 gill. Two gills, or 16 tablespoonfuls, are<br> +half a pint. Sixty drops are one teaspoonful. Four tablespoonfuls are<br> +one wineglassful. Twelve tablespoonfuls are one teacupful. Sixteen<br> +tablespoonfuls or half a pint, are one tumblerful.<br> +<br> +The Meaning of Measures.--A square mile is equal to 640 acres. A square<br> +acre is 208.71 feet on one side. An acre is 43,560 square feet. A<br> +league, 3 miles. A span, 10-7/8 inches. A hand, 4 inches. A palm, 3<br> +inches. A great cubit, 11 inches. A fathom, 6 feet. A mile, 5,280 feet.<br> +<br> +Domestic and Drop Measures Approximated.--A teaspoonful, one fluid dram<br> +4 grams; a dessertspoonful, two fluid drams 3 grams; a tablespoonful,<br> +half fluid ounce 16 grams; a wineglassful, two fluid ounces 64 grams; a<br> +tumblerful, half pint 256 grams.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">TO TELL THE AGE OF ANY PERSON.</span><br> +<br> +Hand this table to a young lady, and request her to tell you in which<br> +column or columns her age is contained, and add together the figures at<br> +the top of the columns in which her age is found, and you have the<br> +secret. Thus, suppose her age to be seventeen, you will find that number<br> +in the first and fifth columns: add the first figures of these two<br> +columns.<br> +<br> + +</big> +<table style="width: 450px; height: 900px;" border="1" cellpadding="2" + cellspacing="2"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <td>1</td> + <td>2</td> + <td>4</td> + <td>8</td> + <td>16</td> + <td>32</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>3</td> + <td>3</td> + <td>5</td> + <td>9</td> + <td>17</td> + <td>33</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>5</td> + <td>6</td> + <td>6</td> + <td>10</td> + <td>18</td> + <td>34</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>7</td> + <td>7</td> + <td>7</td> + <td>11</td> + <td>l9</td> + <td>35</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>9</td> + <td>10</td> + <td>12</td> + <td>12</td> + <td>20</td> + <td>36</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>11</td> + <td>11</td> + <td>13</td> + <td>13</td> + <td>21</td> + <td>37</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>13</td> + <td>14</td> + <td>14</td> + <td>14</td> + <td>22</td> + <td>38</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>15</td> + <td>15</td> + <td>15</td> + <td>15</td> + <td>23</td> + <td>39</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>17</td> + <td>18</td> + <td>20</td> + <td>24</td> + <td>24</td> + <td>40</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>19</td> + <td>19</td> + <td>21</td> + <td>25</td> + <td>25</td> + <td>41</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>21</td> + <td>22</td> + <td>22</td> + <td>26</td> + <td>26</td> + <td>41</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>23</td> + <td>23</td> + <td>23</td> + <td>27</td> + <td>27</td> + <td>43</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>25</td> + <td>26</td> + <td>28</td> + <td>28</td> + <td>28</td> + <td>44</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>27</td> + <td>27</td> + <td>29</td> + <td>29</td> + <td>29</td> + <td>45</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>29</td> + <td>30</td> + <td>30</td> + <td>30</td> + <td>30</td> + <td>46</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>31</td> + <td>31</td> + <td>31</td> + <td>31</td> + <td>31</td> + <td>47</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>33</td> + <td>34</td> + <td>36</td> + <td>40</td> + <td>48</td> + <td>48</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>35</td> + <td>35</td> + <td>37</td> + <td>41</td> + <td>49</td> + <td>49</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>37</td> + <td>38</td> + <td>38</td> + <td>42</td> + <td>50</td> + <td>50</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>39</td> + <td>39</td> + <td>39</td> + <td>43</td> + <td>51</td> + <td>51</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>41</td> + <td>42</td> + <td>44</td> + <td>44</td> + <td>52</td> + <td>52</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>43</td> + <td>43</td> + <td>45</td> + <td>45</td> + <td>53</td> + <td>53</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>45</td> + <td>46</td> + <td>46</td> + <td>46</td> + <td>54</td> + <td>54</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>47</td> + <td>47</td> + <td>47</td> + <td>47</td> + <td>55</td> + <td>55</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>49</td> + <td>50</td> + <td>52</td> + <td>56</td> + <td>56</td> + <td>56</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>51</td> + <td>51</td> + <td>53</td> + <td>57</td> + <td>57</td> + <td>57</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>53</td> + <td>54</td> + <td>54</td> + <td>58</td> + <td>58</td> + <td>58</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>55</td> + <td>55</td> + <td>55</td> + <td>59</td> + <td>59</td> + <td>59</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>57</td> + <td>58</td> + <td>60</td> + <td>60</td> + <td>60</td> + <td>60</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>59</td> + <td>59</td> + <td>61</td> + <td>61</td> + <td>61</td> + <td>61</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>61</td> + <td>62</td> + <td>62</td> + <td>62</td> + <td>62</td> + <td>62</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>63</td> + <td>63</td> + <td>63</td> + <td>63</td> + <td>63</td> + <td>63</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +<big><br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">DR. SPURZHEIM'S PHRENOLOGY.</span><br> +<br> +The first claim put forth by the teachers and professional demonstrators<br> +of phrenology makes it a system of mental philosophy, besides at the<br> +same time presenting a much more popular aspect as a method whereby the<br> +disposition, character and natural aptitude of the individual may be<br> +ascertained.<br> +<br> +<img style="width: 685px; height: 416px;" alt="" src="images/251Pic.jpg"><br> +<br> +These two features of the subject are quite distinct from each other,<br> +for, while it can serve as a reliable guide for reading character only<br> +on the assumption of its truth as a philosophic system, yet the<br> +possibility of its practical application does not necessarily follow<br> +from the establishment of the truth of its theoretical side.<br> +<br> +Two of the earliest founders of the science of anatomy, Erasistratus and<br> +Herophilus, who lived in the age of Ptolemy Soter, taught that the brain<br> +was the seat of sensation and intellect, and that there was therein a<br> +certain degree of localization of function. Galen later taught that the<br> +brain is the seat of the soul and intellect. From these facts of history<br> +the system of phrenology, though formulated by Dr. Gall, Dr. Spurzheim,<br> +the Fowler Brothers and others, rests upon deductions derived from the<br> +teachings of the demonstrators of anatomy and students of philosophy.<br> +<br> +The formulated system of phrenology is very generally believed to be a<br> +modern expansion of an old empirical philosophy, but, according to Dr.<br> +Gall's account, it arose with him as the result of independent<br> +observations. The popularity of phrenology has waned in the public mind,<br> +and cultivation of the system is confined to a few enthusiasts, such as<br> +pose as teachers of it as a vocation. These claim that phrenology is a<br> +practical and important science and that it rests upon the following<br> +principles:<br> +<br> +First--That the human brain is the organ of the mind.<br> +<br> +Second--That the mental powers of man can be analyzed into a definite<br> +number of measurably independent faculties.<br> +<br> +Third--That these faculties are innate, and each has its seat in a<br> +definite region of the brain.<br> +<br> +Fourth--That the size of each of these regions is the measure of the<br> +power of manifesting the faculty associated with it.<br> +<br> +The faculties and their localities, as originally constructed by Dr.<br> +Gall, were for the most part identified on slender grounds. His<br> +procedure was as follows: Having selected the place of a faculty, he<br> +examined the heads of his friends and casts of persons with that<br> +peculiarity in common, and in them sought for the distinctive feature of<br> +their characteristic trait. Some of his earlier studies were among low<br> +associates in jails and lunatic asylums, and some of the qualities<br> +located by him were such as tend to perversion to crime. These he named<br> +after their excessive manifestations, and thus mapped out organs of<br> +theft, murder, etc. This, however, caused the system to be discredited.<br> +Later his pupil, Dr. Spurzheim, claimed that the moral and religious<br> +features belonging to it greatly modified these characteristics of Dr.<br> +Gall's work. The chart of the human head as invented by Dr. Gall<br> +represented 26 organs; the chart as improved by Dr. Spurzheim makes out<br> +35 organs. This is the chart now generally used and which is shown on a<br> +preceding page. The number specifies the location of each organ, which<br> +is followed by its phrenological name, and classified as follows:<br> +<br> +Propensities. (1) Amativeness. (2) Philoprogenitiveness. (3)<br> +Concentrativeness. (4) Adhesiveness. (5) Combativeness. (6)<br> +Destructiveness. (6a) Alimentiveness. (7) Secretiveness. (8)<br> +Acquisitiveness. (9) Constructiveness.<br> +<br> +Lower Sentiments. (10) Self-esteem. (11) Love of Approbation. (12)<br> +Cautiousness.<br> +<br> +Superior Sentiments. (13) Benevolence. (14) Veneration. (15)<br> +Conscientiousness. (16) Firmness. (17) Hope. (18) Wonder. (19) Ideality.<br> +(20) Wit. (21) Imitation.<br> +<br> +Perceptive Faculties. (22) Individuality. (23) Form. (24) Size. (25)<br> +Weight. (26) Color. (27) Locality. (28) Number. (29) Order. (30)<br> +Eventuality. (31) Time. (32) Tune. (33) Language.<br> +<br> +Reflective Faculties. (34) Comparison. (35) Causality. The judgment of<br> +the phrenologist is determined by the size of the brain in general, and<br> +by the size of the organs that have been formulated, and these are<br> +estimated by certain arbitrary rules that render the boundaries of the<br> +regions indefinite.<br> +<br> +The controversy over phrenology has served undoubtedly the very useful<br> +purpose of stimulating research into the anatomy of the brain.<br> +<br> +It is generally conceded that any psychological theory which correlates<br> +brain-action and mental phenomena requires a correspondence between the<br> +size of the brain and mental power, and generally observation shows that<br> +the brains of those whose capacities are above the average are larger<br> +than those of the general run of their fellow men.<br> +<br> +A study of the cuts and comparison of the sizes of different heads and<br> +their shape will prove very entertaining with most any group of persons<br> +intellectually inclined, and it will be found that persons who are<br> +naturally good readers by instinct of human nature can, with its help,<br> +make remarkable readings in the delineation of character.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">PRINCIPLES OF PARLIAMENTARY LAW.</span><br> +<br> +List of Motions Arranged According to Their Purpose and Effect.<br> +<br> +[Letters refer to the rules below.]<br> +<br> +Modifying or amending.<br> + 8. To amend or to substitute, or to divide the +question K<br> +<br> +To refer to committee.<br> + 7. To commit (or +recommit) +D<br> +<br> +Deferring action.<br> + 6. To postpone to a fixed +time. +C<br> + 4. To lay on the +table +A E G<br> +<br> +Suppressing or extending debate<br> + 5. For the previous +question +A E M<br> + To limit, or close +debate +A M<br> + To extend limits of +debate. +A<br> +<br> +Suppressing the question.<br> + Objection to consideration of +question +A H M N<br> + 9. To postpone +indefinitely. +D E<br> + 4. To lay upon the +table. +A E G<br> +<br> +To bring up a question the second time.<br> + To reconsider--<br> + Debatable +question +D E F I<br> + Undebatable +question +A E F I<br> +<br> +Concerning orders, rules, etc.<br> + 3. For the orders of the +day. +A E H N<br> + To make subject a special +order +M<br> + To amend the +rules +M<br> + To suspend the +rules +A E F M<br> + To take up a question out of its proper +order A E<br> + To take from the +table +A E G<br> + Questions touching priority of +business +A<br> +<br> +Questions of privilege.<br> + Asking leave to continue speaking after +indecorum A<br> + Appeal from chair's decision touching +indecorum A E H L<br> + Appeal from chair's decision +generally. +E H L<br> + Question upon reading of +papers. +A E<br> + Withdrawal of a +motion. +A E<br> +<br> +Closing a meeting.<br> + 2. To adjourn (in committees, to rise),<br> + or to take a recess, without +limitation +A E F<br> + 1. To fix the time to which to +adjourn +B<br> +<br> +<br> +Order of Precedence--The motions above numbered 1 to 9 take precedence<br> +over all others in the order of the numbers, and anyone of them, except<br> +to amend or substitute, is in order while a motion of a lower rank is<br> +pending.<br> +<br> +Rule A--Undebatable, but remarks may be tacitly allowed.<br> +<br> +Rule B--Undebatable if another question is before the assembly.<br> +<br> +Rule C--Limited debate allowed on propriety of postponement only.<br> +<br> +Rule D--Opens the main question to debate. Motions not so marked do not<br> +allow of reference to main question.<br> +<br> +Rule E--Cannot be amended. Motion to adjourn can be amended when there<br> +is no other business before the house.<br> +<br> +Rule F--Cannot be reconsidered.<br> +<br> +Rule G--An affirmative vote cannot be reconsidered,<br> +<br> +Rule H--In order when another has the floor.<br> +<br> +Rule I--A motion to reconsider may be moved and entered when another has<br> +the floor, but the business then before the house may not be set aside.<br> +This motion can only be entertained when made by one who voted<br> +originally with the prevailing side. When called up it takes precedence<br> +of all others which may come up, excepting only motions relating to<br> +adjournment.<br> +<br> +Rule K--A motion to amend an amendment cannot be amended.<br> +<br> +Rule L--When an appeal from the chair's decision results in a tie vote,<br> +the chair is sustained.<br> +<br> +Rule M--Requires a two-thirds vote unless special rules have been<br> +enacted.<br> +<br> +Rule N--Does not require to be seconded.<br> +<br> +General Rules.<br> +<br> +No motion is open for discussion until it has been stated by the chair.<br> +<br> +The maker of a motion cannot modify it or withdraw it after it has been<br> +stated by the chair except by general consent.<br> +<br> +Only one reconsideration of a question is permitted.<br> +<br> +A motion to adjourn, to lay on the table, or to take from the table,<br> +cannot be renewed unless some other motion has been made in the<br> +interval.<br> +<br> +On motion to strike out the words, "Shall the words stand part of the<br> +motion?" unless a majority sustains the words, they are struck out.<br> +<br> +On motion for previous question, the form to be observed is, "Shall the<br> +main question be now put?" This, if carried, ends debate.<br> +<br> +On an appeal from the chair's decision, "Shall the decision be sustained<br> +as the ruling of the house?" The chair is generally sustained.<br> +<br> +On motion for orders of the day, "Will the house now proceed to the<br> +orders of the day?" This, if carried, supersedes intervening motions.<br> +<br> +When an objection is raised to considering questions, "Shall the<br> +question be considered?" Objections may be made by any member before<br> +debate has commenced, but not subsequently.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">LETTER COMBINATIONS.</span><br> +<br> +When King Stanislaus of Poland, then a young man, came back from a<br> +journey, the whole Lescinskian House gathered together at Lissa to<br> +receive him. The schoolmaster, Jablowsky, prepared a festival in<br> +commemoration of the event, and had it end with a ballet performed by<br> +thirteen students, dressed as cavaliers. Each had a shield, upon which<br> +one of the letters of the words "Domus Lescinia" (The Lescinskian House)<br> +was written in gold. After the first dance, they stood in such a manner<br> +that their shields read "Domus Lescinia"; after the second dance, they<br> +changed order, making it read, "Ades incolumnis" (Unharmed art thou<br> +here); after the third. "Mane sidus loci" (Continue the star of this<br> +place); after the fourth, "Sis coumna Dei" (Be a pillar of God); and<br> +finally, "I! scade solium!" (Go! ascend the throne). Indeed, these two<br> +words allow of 1,556,755,200 transpositions; yet that five of them<br> +convey independent and appropriate meanings is certainly very curious.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">POINTS OF CRIMINAL LAW.</span><br> +<br> +You cannot lawfully condone an offence by receiving back stolen<br> +property,<br> +<br> +The exemption of females from arrest applies only in civil, not in<br> +criminal matters.<br> +<br> +Every man is bound to obey the call of a sheriff for assistance in<br> +making an arrest.<br> +<br> +The rule "Every man's house is his castle" does not hold good when a man<br> +is accused of crime.<br> +<br> +Embezzlement can be charged only against a clerk or servant, or the<br> +officer or agent of a corporation.<br> +<br> +Bigamy cannot be proven in law if one party to a marriage has been<br> +absent and not heard from for five years.<br> +<br> +Grand larceny is when the value of property stolen exceeds $25.00--When<br> +less than that, the offence is petit larceny.<br> +<br> +Arson to be in the first degree must have been committed at night and<br> +the buildings fired must have been inhabited.<br> +<br> +Drunkenness is not a legal excuse for crime, but delirium tremens is<br> +considered by the law as a species of insanity.<br> +<br> +In a case of assault it is only necessary to prove an "offer or attempt<br> +at assault."<br> +<br> +Battery presumes physical violence.<br> +<br> +Mayhem, although popularly supposed to refer to injury to the face, lip,<br> +tongue, eye, or ear, applies to any injury done a limb.<br> +<br> +A felony is a crime punishable by imprisonment in a State prison; an<br> +"infamous" crime is one punishable with death or State prison.<br> +<br> +A police officer is not authorized to make an arrest without a warrant<br> +unless he has personal knowledge of the offense for which the arrest is<br> +made.<br> +<br> +An accident is not a crime, unless criminal carelessness can be proven.<br> +A man shooting at a burglar and killing a member of his family is not a<br> +murderer.<br> +<br> +Burglary in the first degree can be committed only in the night time.<br> +Twilight, if dark enough to prevent distinguishing a man's face, is the<br> +same as "night" in law.<br> +<br> +Murder to be in the first degree must be willful, premeditated and<br> +malicious, or committed while the murderer is engaged in a felonious<br> +act. The killing of a man in a duel is murder, and it is a misdemeanor<br> +to accept or give a challenge.<br> +<br> +False swearing is perjury in law only when willfully done, and when the<br> +oath has been legally administered. Such qualifying expressions as "to<br> +the best of my belief," "as I am informed," may save an averment from<br> +being perjured. The law is that the false statement sworn to must be<br> +absolute. Subornation of perjury is a felony.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">TO TELL PURE WATER.</span><br> +<br> +The color, odor, taste and purity of water can be ascertained as<br> +follows: Fill a large bottle made of colorless glass with water; look<br> +through the water at some black object. Pour out some of the water and<br> +leave the bottle half full; cork the bottle and place it for a few hours<br> +in a warm place; shake up the water, remove the cork, and critically<br> +smell the air contained in the bottle. If it has any smell, particularly<br> +if the odor is repulsive, the water should not be used for domestic<br> +purposes. By heating the water an odor is evolved that would not<br> +otherwise appear. Water fresh from the well is usually tasteless, even<br> +if it contains a large amount of putrescible organic matter. All water<br> +for domestic purposes should be perfectly tasteless, and remain so even<br> +after it has been warmed, since warming often develops a taste in water<br> +which is tasteless when cold.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">HAND GRENADES.</span><br> +<br> +Take chloride of calcium, crude, 20 parts; common salt, 5 parts; and<br> +water, 75 parts. Mix and put in thin bottles. In case of fire, a bottle<br> +so thrown that it will break in or very near the fire will put it out.<br> +This mixture is better and cheaper than many of the high-priced<br> +grenades sold for the purpose of fire protection.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">HOW TO GET RID OF RATS.</span><br> +<br> +Get a piece of lead pipe and use it as a funnel to introduce about 1-1/2<br> +ounces of sulphite of potassium into any outside holes tenanted by rats.<br> +Not to be used in dwellings. To get rid of mice use tartar emetic<br> +mingled with any favorite food; they will eat, sicken and take their<br> +leave.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br style="font-weight: bold;"> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">FRIENDLY ADVICE ON MANY SUBJECTS.</span><br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">Tomato in Bright's Disease.</span><br> +<br> +When Thomas Jefferson brought the tomato from France to America,<br> +thinking that if it could be induced to grow bountifully it might make<br> +good feed for hogs, he little dreamed of the benefit he was conferring<br> +upon posterity. A constant diet of raw tomatoes and skim-milk is said to<br> +be a certain cure for Bright's disease. Gen. Schenck, who, when Minister<br> +to England, became a victim to that complaint, was restored to health by<br> +two years of this regimen.<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">Relief for Asthma.</span><br> +<br> +An old friend of the editor of this book writes: "I have been a sufferer<br> +from asthma for twenty-five years, and for more than a dozen years have<br> +used the following recipe with great benefit. It is not a cure, but in<br> +my case gives almost instant relief. Take equal parts of powdered<br> +stramonium leaves and powdered belladonna leaves and mix thoroughly; to<br> +each ten ounces of the mixture add one ounce of powdered saltpeter<br> +(nitrate of potash); mix all thoroughly. I always keep some of this in a<br> +small tin box. When I wish to use it I pour a little of the powder into<br> +the cover of the box, light it with a match, cover the whole with a<br> +little paper cone with the point cut off. I place the point of the cone<br> +in my mouth, and breathe the smoke into my lungs with the air. The first<br> +trial is very hard; it almost strangles, but if persevered in will give<br> +great relief. This is much better than stramonium alone. The saltpeter<br> +makes it burn freely, and also helps to give relief. When my home was in<br> +Northern Indiana, I used to buy the leaves in Chicago already powdered.<br> +Now I send to New York. I find it cheaper to do this than to gather and<br> +dry the leaves. It is also almost impossible to dry and pulverize the<br> +leaves at home. By using a paper cone and breathing through it, little<br> +or no smoke is wasted, and the box and paper can be carried in the<br> +pocket and used as occasion requires."<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">For Swollen Feet.</span><br> +<br> +Policemen, mail carriers, and others whose occupation keeps them on<br> +their feet a great deal, often are troubled with chafed, sore and<br> +blistered feet, especially in extremely hot weather, no matter how<br> +comfortably their shoes may lit. A powder is used in the German army for<br> +sifting into the shoes and stockings of the foot soldiers, called<br> +"Fusstreupulver," and consists of 3 parts salicylic acid, 10 parts<br> +starch and 87 parts pulverized soapstone.<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">Rules for Fat People and for Lean.</span><br> +<br> +To increase the weight: Eat to the extent of satisfying; a natural<br> +appetite, of fat meats, butter, cream, milk, cocoa, chocolate, bread,<br> +potatoes, peas, parsnips, carrots, beets, farinaceous foods, as Indian<br> +corn, rice, tapioca, sago, corn starch, pastry, custards, oatmeal,<br> +sugar, sweet wines, and ale. Avoid acids. Exercise as little as<br> +possible, and sleep all you can.<br> +<br> +To reduce the weight: Eat to the extent of satisfying a natural<br> +appetite, of lean meat, poultry, game, eggs, milk moderately, green<br> +vegetables, turnips, succulent fruits, tea or coffee. Drink lime juice,<br> +lemonade, and acid drinks. Avoid fat, butter, cream, sugar, pastry,<br> +rice, sago, tapioca, corn starch, potatoes, carrots, beets, parsnips,<br> +and sweet wines.<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">When Quinine Will Break Up a Cold.</span><br> +<br> +It is surprising, says a family physician, how certainly a cold may be<br> +broken up by a timely dose of quinine. When first symptoms make their<br> +appearance, when a little languor, slight hoarseness and ominous<br> +tightening of the nasal membranes follow exposure to draughts or sudden<br> +chill by wet, five grains of this useful alkaloid are sufficient in many<br> +cases to end the trouble. But it must be done promptly. If the golden<br> +moment passes, nothing suffices to stop the weary sneezing,<br> +handkerchief-using, red-nose and woe begone looking periods that<br> +certainly follow.<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">A Mistaken Idea.</span><br> +<br> +The old adage. "Feed a cold and starve a fever." is characterized by the<br> +Journal of Health as very silly advice. If anything, the reverse would<br> +be nearer right. When a person has a severe cold it is best for him to<br> +eat very lightly, especially during the first few days of the attack.<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">Hints on Bathing.</span><br> +<br> +There has been a great deal written about bathing. The surface of the<br> +skin is punctured with millions of little holes called pores. The duty<br> +of these pores is to carry the waste matter off. For instance,<br> +perspiration. Now, if these pores are stopped up they are of no use, and<br> +the body has to find some other way to get rid of its impurities. Then<br> +the liver has more than it can do. Then we take a liver pill when we<br> +ought to clean out the pores instead. The housewife is very particular<br> +to keep her sieves in good order; after she has strained a substance<br> +through them they are washed out carefully with water, because water is<br> +the best thing known. That is the reason water is used to bathe in. But<br> +the skin is a little different from a sieve, because it is willing to<br> +help along the process itself. All it needs is a little encouragement<br> +and it will accomplish wonders. What the skin wants is rubbing. If you<br> +should quietly sit down in a tub of water and as quietly get up and dry<br> +off without rubbing, your skin wouldn't be much benefited. The water<br> +would make it a little soft, especially if it was warm. But rubbing is<br> +the great thing. Stand where the sunlight strikes a part of your body,<br> +then take a dry brush and rub it, and you will notice that countless<br> +little flakes of cuticle fly off. Every time one of these flakes is<br> +removed from the skin your body breathes a sigh of relief. An eminent<br> +German authority contends that too much bathing is a bad thing. There is<br> +much truth in this. Soap and water are good things to soften up the<br> +skin, but rubbing is what the skin wants. Every morning or every<br> +evening, or when it is most convenient, wash the body all over with<br> +water and a little ammonia, or anything which tends to make the water<br> +soft; then rub dry with a towel, and after that go over the body from<br> +top to toe with a dry brush. Try this for two or three weeks, and your<br> +skin will be like velvet.<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">Tea and Coffee.</span><br> +<br> +Tea is a nerve stimulant, pure and simple, acting like alcohol in this<br> +respect, without any value that the latter may possess as a retarder of<br> +waste. It has a special influence upon those nerve centers that supply<br> +will power, exalting their sensibility beyond normal activity, and may<br> +even produce hysterical symptoms, if carried far enough. Its active<br> +principle, theine, is an exceedingly powerful drug, chiefly employed by<br> +nerve specialists as a pain destroyer, possessing the singular quality<br> +of working toward the surface. That is to say, when a dose is<br> +administered hypodermically for sciatica, for example, the narcotic<br> +influence proceeds outward from the point of injection, instead of<br> +inward toward the centers, as does that of morphia, atropia, etc. Tea is<br> +totally devoid of nutritive value, and the habit of drinking it to<br> +excess, which so many American women indulge in, particularly in the<br> +country, is to be deplored as a cause of our American nervousness.<br> +Coffee, on the contrary, is a nerve food. Like other concentrated foods<br> +of its class, it operates as a stimulant also, but upon a different set<br> +of nerves from tea. Taken strong in the morning, it often produces<br> +dizziness and that peculiar visual symptom of overstimulus which is<br> +called muscae volilantes--dancing flies. But this is an improper way to<br> +take it, and rightly used it is perhaps the most valuable liquid<br> +addition to the morning meal. Its active principle, caffeine, differs in<br> +all physiological respects from theine, while it is chemically very<br> +closely allied, and its limited consumption makes it impotent for harm.<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">To Straighten Round Shoulders.</span><br> +<br> +A stooping figure and a halting gait, accompanied by the unavoidable<br> +weakness of lungs incidental to a narrow chest, may be entirely cured by<br> +the very simple and easily-performed exercise of raising one's self<br> +upon the toes leisurely in a perpendicular position several times daily.<br> +To take this exercise properly one must take a perfectly upright<br> +position. With the heels together and the toes at an angle of forty-five<br> +degrees. Then drop the arms lifelessly by the sides, animating and<br> +raising the chest to its full capacity and muscularity, the chin well<br> +drawn in, and the crown of the head feeling as if attached to a string<br> +suspended from the ceiling above. Slowly rise upon the balls of both<br> +feet to the greatest possible height, thereby exercising all the muscles<br> +of the legs and body; come again into standing position without swaying<br> +the body backward out of the perfect line. Repeat this same exercise,<br> +first on one foot, then on the other. It is wonderful what a<br> +straightening-out power this exercise has upon round shoulders and<br> +crooked backs, and one will be surprised to note how soon the lungs<br> +begin to show the effect of such expansive development.<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">Care of the Eyes.</span><br> +<br> +In consequence of the increase of affections of the eye, a specialist<br> +has recently formulated the following rules to be observed in the care<br> +of the eyes for school work: A comfortable temperature, dry and warm<br> +feet, good ventilation; clothing at the neck and on other parts of the<br> +body loose; posture erect, and never read lying down or stooping. Little<br> +study before breakfast or directly after a heavy meal; none at all at<br> +twilight or late at night; use great caution about studying after<br> +recovery from fevers; have light abundant, but not dazzling, not<br> +allowing the sun to shine on desks or on objects in front of the<br> +scholars, and letting the light come from the left hand or left and<br> +rear; hold book at right angles to the line of sight or nearly so; give<br> +eyes frequent rest by looking up. The distance of the book from the eye<br> +should be about fifteen inches. The usual indication of strain is<br> +redness of the rim of the eyelid, betokening a congested state of the<br> +inner surface, which may be accompanied with some pain. When the eye<br> +tires easily rest is not the proper remedy, but the use of glasses of<br> +sufficient power to aid in accommodating the eye to vision.<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">How and When to Drink Water.</span><br> +<br> +According to Doctor Leuf, when water is taken into the full or partly<br> +full stomach, it does not mingle with the food, as we are taught, but<br> +passes along quickly between the food and lesser curvature toward the<br> +pylorus, through which it passes into the intestines. The secretion of<br> +mucus by the lining membrane is constant, and during the night a<br> +considerable amount accumulates in the stomach; some of its liquid<br> +portion is absorbed, and that which remains is thick and tenacious. If<br> +food is taken into the stomach when in this condition, it becomes coated<br> +with this mucus, and the secretion of the gastric juice and its action<br> +are delayed. These facts show the value of a goblet of water before<br> +breakfast. This washes out the tenacious mucus, and stimulates the<br> +gastric glands to secretion. In old and feeble persons water should not<br> +be taken cold, but it may be with great advantage taken warm or hot.<br> +This removal of the accumulated mucus from the stomach is probably one<br> +of the reasons why taking soup at the beginning of a meal has been found<br> +so beneficial.<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">What Causes Coughs.</span><br> +<br> +Cold and coughs are prevalent throughout the country, but throat<br> +affections are by far more common among business men. Every unfortunate<br> +one mutters something about the abominable weather and curses the<br> +piercing wind. Much of the trouble, however, is caused by overheated<br> +rooms, and a little more attention to proper ventilation would remove<br> +the cause of suffering. Doctor J. Ewing Mears, who was thus afflicted,<br> +said to an inquirer: "The huskiness and loss of power of articulation so<br> +common among us are largely due to the use of steam for heating. The<br> +steam cannot be properly regulated, and the temperature becomes too<br> +high. A person living in this atmosphere has all the cells of the lungs<br> +open, and when he passes into the open air he is unduly exposed. The<br> +affliction is quite common among the men who occupy offices in the new<br> +buildings which are fitted up with all modern improvements. The<br> +substitution of electric light for gas has wrought a change to which<br> +people have not yet adapted themselves. The heat arising from a number<br> +of gas jets will quickly raise the temperature of a room, and<br> +unconsciously people rely upon that means of heating to some extent.<br> +Very little warmth, however, is produced by the electric light, and when<br> +a man reads by an incandescent light he at times finds himself becoming<br> +chilly, and wonders why it is. Too hot during the day and too cold at<br> +night are conditions which should be avoided."<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">PHYSICAL EXERCISE.</span><br> +<br> +The principal methods of developing the physique now prescribed by<br> +trainers are exercise with dumbbells, the bar bell and the chest weight.<br> +The rings and horizontal and parallel bars are also used, but not nearly<br> +to the extent that they formerly were. The movement has been all in the<br> +direction of the simplification of apparatus; in fact, one well-known<br> +teacher of the Boston Gymnasium when asked his opinion said: "Four bare<br> +walls and a floor, with a well-posted instructor, is all that is really<br> +required for a gymnasium."<br> +<br> +Probably the most important as well as the simplest appliance for<br> +gymnasium work is the wooden dumbbell, which has displaced the ponderous<br> +iron bell of former days. Its weight is from three-quarters of a pound<br> +to a pound and a half, and with one in each hand a variety of motions<br> +can be gone through, which are of immense benefit in building up or<br> +toning down every muscle and all vital parts of the body.<br> +<br> +The first object of an instructor in taking a beginner in hand is to<br> +increase the circulation. This is done by exercising the extremities,<br> +the first movement being one of the hands, after which come the wrists,<br> +then the arms, and next the head and feet. As the circulation is<br> +increased the necessity for a larger supply of oxygen, technically<br> +called "oxygen-hunger," is created, which is only satisfied by breathing<br> +exercises, which develop the lungs. After the circulation is in a<br> +satisfactory condition, the dumbbell instructor turns his attention to<br> +exercising the great muscles of the body, beginning with those of the<br> +back, strengthening which holds the body erect, thus increasing the<br> +chest capacity, invigorating the digestive organs, and, in fact, all the<br> +vital functions. By the use of very light weights an equal and<br> +symmetrical development of all parts of the body is obtained, and then<br> +there are no sudden demands on the heart and lungs.<br> +<br> +After the dumbbell comes exercise with the round, or bar bell. This is<br> +like the dumbbell, with the exception that the bar connecting the balls<br> +is four or five feet, instead of a few inches in length. Bar bells weigh<br> +from one to two pounds each and are found most useful in building up the<br> +respiratory and digestive systems, their especial province being the<br> +strengthening of the erector muscles and increasing the flexibility of<br> +the chest.<br> +<br> +Of all fixed apparatus in use the pulley weight stands easily first in<br> +importance. These weights are available for a greater variety of objects<br> +than any other gymnastic appliance, and can be used either for general<br> +exercise or for strengthening such muscles as most require it. With them<br> +a greater localization is possible than with the dumbbell, and for this<br> +reason they are recommended as a kind of supplement to the latter. As<br> +chest developers and correctors of round shoulders they are most<br> +effective. As the name implies, they are simply weights attached to<br> +ropes, which pass over pulleys, and are provided with handles. The<br> +common pulley is placed at about the height of the shoulder of an<br> +average man, but recently those which can be adjusted to any desired<br> +height have been very generally introduced.<br> +<br> +When more special localization is desired than can be obtained by means<br> +of the ordinary apparatus, what is known as the double-action chest<br> +weight is used. This differs from the ordinary kind in being provided<br> +with several pulleys, so that the strain may come at different angles.<br> +Double-action weights may be divided into three classes--high, low, and<br> +side pulleys--each with its particular use.<br> +<br> +The highest of all, known as the giant pulleys, are made especially for<br> +developing the muscles of the back and chest, and by stretching or<br> +elongating movements to increase the interior capacity of the chest. If<br> +the front of the chest is full and the back or side chest deficient, the<br> +pupil is set to work on the giant pulley. To build up the side-walls he<br> +stands with the back to the pulley-box and the left heel resting against<br> +it; the handle is grasped in the right hand if the right side of the<br> +chest is lacking in development, and then drawn straight down by the<br> +side; a step forward with the right foot, as long as possible, is taken,<br> +the line brought as far to the front and near the floor as can be done,<br> +and then the arm, held stiff, allowed to be drawn solely up by the<br> +weight. To exercise the left side the same process is gone through with,<br> +the handle grasped in the left hand. Another kind of giant pulley is<br> +that which allows the operator to stand directly under it, and is used<br> +for increasing the lateral diameter of the chest. The handles are drawn<br> +straight down by the sides, the arms are then spread and drawn back by<br> +the weights. Generally speaking, high pulleys are most used for<br> +correcting high, round shoulders; low pulleys for low, round shoulders;<br> +side pulleys for individual high or low shoulders, and giant pulleys for<br> +the development of the walls of the chest and to correct spinal<br> +curvature.<br> +<br> +The traveling rings, a line of iron rings, covered with rubber and<br> +attached to long ropes fastened to the ceiling some ten feet apart, are<br> +also valuable in developing the muscles of the back, arms and sides. The<br> +first ring is grasped in one hand and a spring taken from an elevated<br> +platform. The momentum carries the gymnast to the next ring, which is<br> +seized with the free hand, and so the entire length of the line is<br> +traversed. The parallel bars, low and high, the flying rings, the<br> +horizontal bar and the trapeze all have their uses, but of late years<br> +they have been relegated to a position of distinct inferiority to that<br> +now occupied by the dumbbells and pulley weights.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">ACCIDENTS AND EMERGENCIES.</span><br> +<br> +What To Do<br> +<br> +If an artery is cut, red blood spurts. Compress it above the wound. If a<br> +vein is cut, dark blood flows. Compress it below and above.<br> +<br> +If choked, go upon all fours and cough.<br> +<br> +For slight burns, dip the part in cold water; if the skin is destroyed,<br> +cover with varnish or linseed oil.<br> +<br> +For apoplexy, raise the head and body; for fainting, lay the person<br> +flat.<br> +<br> +Send for a physician when a serious accident of any kind occurs, but<br> +treat as directed until he arrives.<br> +<br> +Scalds and Burns--The following facts cannot be too firmly impressed on<br> +the mind of the reader, that in either of these accidents the first,<br> +best, and often the only remedies required, are sheets of wadding, fine<br> +wool, or carded cotton, and, in the default of these, violet powder,<br> +flour, magnesia, or chalk. The object for which these several articles<br> +are employed is the same in each instance; namely, to exclude the air<br> +from the injured part; for if the air can be effectually shut out from<br> +the raw surface, and care is taken not to expose the tender part till<br> +the new cuticle is formed, the cure may be safely left to nature. The<br> +moment a person is called to a case of scald or burn, he should cover<br> +the part with a sheet, or a portion of a sheet, of wadding, taking care<br> +not to break any blister that may have formed, or stay to remove any<br> +burnt clothes that may adhere to the surface, but as quickly as possible<br> +envelop every part of the injury from all access of the air, laying one<br> +or two more pieces of wadding on the first, so as effectually to guard<br> +the burn or scald from the irritation of the atmosphere; and if the<br> +article used is wool or cotton, the same precaution, of adding more<br> +material where the surface is thinly covered, must be adopted; a light<br> +bandage finally securing all in their places. Any of the popular<br> +remedies recommended below may be employed when neither wool, cotton,<br> +nor wadding are to be procured, it being always remembered that that<br> +article which will best exclude the air from a burn or scald is the<br> +best, quickest, and least painful mode of treatment. And in this respect<br> +nothing has surpassed cotton loose or attached to paper as in wadding.<br> +<br> +If the Skin is Much Injured in burns, spread some linen pretty thickly<br> +with chalk ointment, and lay over the part, and give the patient some<br> +brandy and water if much exhausted; then send for a medical man. If not<br> +much injured, and very painful, use the same ointment, or apply carded<br> +cotton dipped in lime water and linseed oil. If you please, you may lay<br> +cloths dipped in ether over the parts, or cold lotions. Treat scalds in<br> +same manner, or cover with scraped raw potato; but the chalk ointment is<br> +the best. In the absence of all these, cover the injured part with<br> +treacle, and dust over it plenty of flour.<br> +<br> +BODY IN FLAMES--Lay the person down on the floor of the room, and throw<br> +the table cloth, rug, or other large cloth over him, and roll him on the<br> +floor.<br> +<br> +DIRT IN THE EYE--Place your forefinger upon the cheek-bone, having the<br> +patient before you; then slightly bend the finger, this will draw down<br> +the lower lid of the eye, and you will probably be able to remove the<br> +dirt; but if this will not enable you to get at it, repeat this<br> +operation while you have a knitting-needle or bodkin placed over the<br> +eyelid; this will turn it inside out, and enable you to remove the sand,<br> +or eyelash, etc., with the corner of a fine silk handkerchief. As soon<br> +as the substance is removed, bathe the eye with cold water, and exclude<br> +the light for a day. If the inflammation is severe, let the patient use<br> +a refrigerant lotion.<br> +<br> +LIME IN THE EVE--Syringe it well with warm vinegar and water in the<br> +proportion of one ounce of vinegar to eight ounces of water; exclude<br> +light.<br> +<br> +IRON OR STEEL SPICULAE IN THE EYE--These occur while turning iron or<br> +steel in a lathe, and are best remedied by doubling back the upper or<br> +lower eyelid according to the situation of the substance, and with the<br> +flat edge of a silver probe, taking up the metallic particle, using a<br> +lotion made by dissolving six grains of sugar of lead and the same of<br> +white vitriol, in six ounces of water, and bathing the eye three times a<br> +day till the inflammation subsides. Another plan is--Drop a solution of<br> +sulphate of copper (from one to three grains of salt to one ounce of<br> +water) into the eye, or keep the eye open in a wineglassful of the<br> +solution. Bathe with cold lotion, and exclude light to keep down<br> +inflammation.<br> +<br> +DISLOCATED THUMB--This is frequently produced by a fall. Make a clove<br> +hitch, by passing two loops of cord over the thumb, placing a piece of<br> +rag under the cord to prevent it cutting the thumb; then pull in the<br> +same line as the thumb. Afterwards apply a cold lotion.<br> +<br> +CUTS AND WOUNDS--Clean cut wounds whether deep or superficial, and<br> +likely to heal by the first intention, should always be washed or<br> +cleaned, and at once evenly and smoothly closed by bringing both edges<br> +close together and securing them in that position by adhesive plaster.<br> +Cut thin strips of sticking plaster, and bring the parts together; or,<br> +if large and deep, cut two broad pieces, so as to look like the teeth of<br> +a comb, and place one on each side of the wound, which must be cleaned<br> +previously. These pieces must be arranged so that they shall interlace<br> +one another; then, by laying hold of the pieces on the right side with<br> +one hand, and those on the other side with the other hand and pulling<br> +them from one another, the edges of the wounds are brought together<br> +without any difficulty.<br> +<br> +Ordinary Cuts are dressed by thin strips, applied by pressing down the<br> +plaster on one side of the wound, and keeping it there, and pulling in<br> +the opposite direction; then suddenly depressing the hand when the edges<br> +of the wound are brought together.<br> +<br> +CONTUSIONS are best healed by laying a piece of folded lint, well wetted<br> +with extract of lead or boracic acid, on the part, and, if there is much<br> +pain, placing a hot bran poultice over the dressing, repeating both if<br> +necessary every, two hours. When the injuries are very severe lay a<br> +cloth over the part, and suspend a basin over it filled with cold<br> +lotion. Put a piece of cotton into the basin, so that it shall allow the<br> +lotion to drop on the cloth, and thus keep it always wet.<br> +<br> +HEMORRHAGE, when caused by an artery being divided or torn, may be known<br> +by the blood issuing out of the wound in leaps or jerks, and being of a<br> +bright scarlet color. If a vein is injured, the blood is darker and<br> +flows continuously. To arrest the latter apply pressure by means of a<br> +compress and bandage. To arrest arterial bleeding, get a piece of wood<br> +(part of a broom handle will do), and tie a piece of tape to one end of<br> +it. Then tie a piece of tape loosely over the arm, and pass the other<br> +end of the wood under it; twist the stick around and around until the<br> +tape compresses the arm sufficiently to arrest the bleeding, and then<br> +confine the other end by tying the string around the arm. A compress<br> +made by enfolding a penny piece in several folds of lint or linen<br> +should, however, be first placed under the tape and over the artery, If<br> +the bleeding is very obstinate, and it occurs in the arm, place a cork<br> +underneath the string, on the inside of the fleshy part, where the<br> +artery may be felt beating by any one; if in the leg, place a cork in<br> +the direction of a line drawn from the inner part of the knee toward the<br> +outer part of the groin. It is an excellent thing to accustom yourself<br> +to find out the position of these arteries, or, indeed, any that are<br> +superficial, and to explain to every person in your house where they<br> +are, and how to stop bleeding. If a stick cannot be got, take a<br> +handkerchief, make a cord bandage of it, and tie a knot in the middle;<br> +the knot acts as a compress, and should be placed over the artery, while<br> +the two ends are c around the thumb. Observe always to place<br> +the ligature between the wound and the heart. Putting your finger into a<br> +bleeding wound, and making pressure until a surgeon arrives, will<br> +generally stop violent bleeding.<br> +<br> +BLEEDING FROM THE NOSE, from whatever cause, may generally be stopped by<br> +putting a plug of lint into the nostrils; if this does not do, apply a<br> +cold lotion to the forehead; raise the head, and place over it both<br> +arms, so that it will rest on the hands; dip the lint plug, slightly<br> +moistened, into some powdered gum arabic, and plug the nostrils again;<br> +or dip the plug into equal parts of powdered gum arabic and alum, and<br> +plug the nose. Or the plug may be dipped in Friar's balsam, or tincture<br> +of kino. Heat should be applied to the feet; and, in obstinate cases,<br> +the sudden shock of a cold key, or cold water poured down the spine,<br> +will often instantly stop the bleeding. If the bowels are confined, take<br> +a purgative. Injections of alum solution from a small syringe into the<br> +nose will often stop hemorrhage.<br> +<br> +VIOLENT SHOCKS will sometimes stun a person, and he will remain<br> +unconscious. Untie strings, collars, etc.; loosen anything that is tight<br> +and interferes with the breathing; raise the head; see if there is<br> +bleeding from any part; apply smelling-salts to the nose, and hot<br> +bottles to the feet.<br> +<br> +IN CONCUSSION, the surface of the body is cold and pale, and the pulse<br> +weak and small, the breathing slow and gentle, and the pupil of the eye<br> +generally contracted or small. You can get an answer by speaking loud,<br> +so as to arouse the patient. Give a little brandy and water, keep the<br> +place quiet, apply warmth, and do not raise the head too high. If you<br> +tickle the feet, the patient feels it.<br> +<br> +IN COMPRESSION OF THE BRAIN from any cause, such as apoplexy, or a piece<br> +of fractured bone pressing on it, there is loss of sensation. If you<br> +tickle the feet of the injured person he does not feel it. You cannot<br> +arouse him so as to get an answer. The pulse is slow and labored; the<br> +breathing deep, labored, and snorting; the pupil enlarged. Raise the<br> +head, loosen strings or tight things, and send for a surgeon. If one<br> +cannot be got at once, apply mustard poultices to the feet and thighs,<br> +leeches to the temples, and hot water to the feet.<br> +<br> +CHOKING--When a person has a fish bone in the throat, insert the<br> +forefinger, press upon the root of the tongue, so as to induce vomiting;<br> +if this does not do, let him swallow a large piece of potato or soft<br> +bread; and if these fail, give a mustard emetic,<br> +<br> +FAINTING, HYSTERICS, ETC.--Loosen the garments, bathe the temples with<br> +water or eau-de-Cologne; open the window, admit plenty of fresh air,<br> +dash cold water on the face, apply hot bricks to the feet, and avoid<br> +bustle and excessive sympathy.<br> +<br> +DROWNING.--Attend to the following essential rules: 1. Lose no time. 2.<br> +Handle the body gently. 3. Carry the body face downward, with the head<br> +gently raised, and never hold it up by the feet. 4. Send for medical<br> +assistance immediately, and in the meantime act as follows: 5. Strip the<br> +body; rub it dry, then wrap it in hot blankets, and place it in a warm<br> +bed in a warm room. 6. Cleanse away the froth and mucus from the nose<br> +and month. 7. Apply warm bricks, bottles, bags of sand, etc. to the<br> +armpits, between the thighs, and to the soles of the feet. 8. Rub the<br> +surface of the body with the hands inclosed in warm, dry worsted socks.<br> +9. If possible, put the body into a warm bath. 10. To restore breathing,<br> +put the pipe of a common bellows into one nostril, carefully closing the<br> +other, and the mouth; at the same time drawing downward, and pushing<br> +gently backward, the upper part of the windpipe to allow a more free<br> +admission of air; blow the bellows gently, in order to inflate the<br> +lungs, till the breast be raised a little; then set the month and<br> +nostrils free, and press gently on the chest; repeat this until signs of<br> +life appear. The body should be covered the moment it is placed on the<br> +table, except the face, and all the rubbing carried on under the sheet<br> +or blanket. When they can be obtained, a number of tiles or bricks<br> +should be made tolerably hot in the fire, laid in a row on the table,<br> +covered with a blanket, and the body placed in such a manner on them<br> +that their heat may enter the spine. When the patient revives, apply<br> +smelling-salts to the nose, give warm wine or brandy and water.<br> +Cautions.--1. Never rub the body with salt or spirits. 2. Never roll the<br> +body on casks. 3. Continue the remedies for twelve hours without<br> +ceasing.<br> +<br> +HANGING--Loosen the cord, or whatever it may be by which the person has<br> +been suspended. Open the temporal artery or jugular vein, or bleed from<br> +the arm; employ electricity, if at hand, and proceed as for drowning.<br> +<br> +APPARENT DEATH FROM DRUNKENNESS--Raise the head; loosen the clothes,<br> +maintain warmth of surface, and give a mustard emetic as soon as the<br> +person can swallow.<br> +<br> +APOPLEXY AND FITS GENERALLY--Raise the head; loosen all tight clothes,<br> +strings, etc.; apply cold lotions to the head, and send for a surgeon.<br> +<br> +SUFFOCATION FROM NOXIOUS GASES, ETC.--Remove to the fresh air; dash cold<br> +vinegar and water in the face, neck, and breast; keep up the warmth of<br> +the body; if necessary, apply mustard poultices to the soles of the feet<br> +and to the spine, and try artificial respirations as in drowning, with<br> +electricity.<br> +<br> +LIGHTNING AND SUNSTROKE--Treat the same as apoplexy.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br style="font-weight: bold;"> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">POISONS AND THEIR ANTIDOTES.</span><br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">General Rules</span><br> +<br> +Always send immediately for a medical man. Save all fluids vomited, and<br> +articles of food, cups, glasses, etc., used by the patient before taken<br> +ill, and lock them up.<br> +<br> +As a rule give emetics after poisons that cause sleepiness and raving;<br> +chalk, milk, eggs, butter, and warm water, or oil, after poisons that<br> +cause vomiting and pain in the stomach and bowels, with purging; and<br> +when there is no inflammation about the throat, tickle it with a feather<br> +to excite vomiting.<br> +<br> +Vomiting may be caused by giving warm water, with a teaspoonful of<br> +mustard to the tumblerful, well stirred up. Sulphate of zinc (white<br> +vitriol) may be used in place of the mustard, or powdered alum. Powder<br> +of ipecacuanha, a teaspoonful rubbed up with molasses, may be employed<br> +for children. Tartar emetic should never be given, as it is excessively<br> +depressing, and uncontrollable in its effects. The stomach pump can only<br> +be used by skillful hands, and even then with caution.<br> +<br> +Opium and other Narcotics--After vomiting has occurred, cold water<br> +should be dashed over the face and head. The patient must be kept awake,<br> +walked about between two strong persons, made to grasp the handles of a<br> +galvanic battery, dosed with strong coffee, and vigorously slapped.<br> +Belladonna is an antidote for opium and for morphia, etc.; its active<br> +principles; and, on the other hand, the latter counteract the effects of<br> +belladonna. But a knowledge of medicine is necessary for dealing with<br> +these articles.<br> +<br> +Strychnia--After emetics have been freely and successfully given, the<br> +patient should be allowed to breathe the vapor of sulphuric ether,<br> +poured on a handkerchief and held to the face, in such quantities as to<br> +keep down the tendency to convulsions. Bromide of potassium, twenty<br> +grains at a dose, dissolved in syrup, may be given every hour.<br> +<br> +Alcoholic Poisoning should be combated by emetics, of which the sulphate<br> +of zinc, given as above directed, is the best. After that, strong coffee<br> +internally, and stimulation by heat externally, should be used.<br> +<br> +Acids are sometimes swallowed by mistake. Alkalies, lime water,<br> +magnesia, or common chalk mixed with water, may be freely given, and<br> +afterward mucilaginous drinks, such as thick gum water or flaxseed tea.<br> +<br> +Alkalies are less frequently taken in injurious strength or quantity,<br> +but sometimes children swallow lye by mistake. Common vinegar may be<br> +given freely, and then castor or sweet oil in full doses--a<br> +tablespoonful at a time, repeated every half hour or two.<br> +<br> +Nitrate of silver when swallowed is neutralized by common table salt<br> +freely given in solution in water.<br> +<br> +The salts of mercury or arsenic (often kept as bedbug poison), which are<br> +powerful irritants, are apt to be very quickly fatal. Milk or the whites<br> +of eggs may be freely given and afterward a very thin paste of flour and<br> +water. In these cases an emetic is to be given after the poison is<br> +neutralized.<br> +<br> +Phosphorus paste, kept for roach poison or in parlor matches, is<br> +sometimes eaten by children and has been willfully taken for the purpose<br> +of suicide. It is a powerful irritant. The first thing to be done is to<br> +give freely of magnesia and water; then to give mucilaginous drinks as<br> +flaxseed tea, gum water or sassafras pith and water; and lastly to<br> +administer finely powdered bone-charcoal, either in pill or in mixture<br> +with water.<br> +<br> +In no case of poisoning should there be any avoidable delay in obtaining<br> +the advice of a physician, and, meanwhile, the friends or bystanders<br> +should endeavor to find out exactly what has been taken, so that the<br> +treatment adopted may be as prompt and effective as possible.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">KEEP STILL.</span><br> +<br> +Keep still. When trouble is brewing, keep still. Even when slander is<br> +getting on its legs, keep still. When your feelings are hurt, keep<br> +still, till you recover from your excitement at any rate. Things look<br> +differently through an unagitated eye. A doctor relates how once in a<br> +commotion he wrote a letter, and sent it, and wished he had not. "I had<br> +another commotion and wrote a long letter; but life had rubbed a little<br> +sense into me. I kept that letter in my pocket against the day when I<br> +could look it over without agitation and without tears. I was glad I<br> +did. Less and less it seemed necessary to send it I was not sure it<br> +would do any hurt, but in my doubt I leaned to reticence, and eventually<br> +it was destroyed."<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">PHILOSOPHICAL FACTS.</span><br> +<br> +The greatest height at which visible clouds ever exist does not exceed<br> +ten miles.<br> +<br> +Air is about eight hundred and fifteen times lighter than water.<br> +<br> +The pressure of the atmosphere upon every square foot of the earth<br> +amounts to two thousand one hundred and sixty pounds.<br> +<br> +The violence of the expansion of water when freezing is sufficient to<br> +cleave a globe of copper of such thickness as to require a force of<br> +27,000 pounds, to produce the same effect.<br> +<br> +During the conversion of ice into water one hundred and forty degrees of<br> +heat are absorbed.<br> +<br> +Water, when converted into steam, increases in bulk eighteen hundred<br> +times.<br> +<br> +In one second of time--in one beat of the pendulum of a clock--light<br> +travels two hundred thousand miles. Were a cannon ball shot toward the<br> +sun, and were it to maintain full speed, it would be twenty years in<br> +reaching it, and yet light travels through this space in seven or eight<br> +minutes.<br> +<br> +Strange as it may appear, a ball of a ton weight, and another of the<br> +same material of an ounce weight, falling from any height will reach the<br> +ground at the same time.<br> +<br> +The heat does not increase as we rise above the earth nearer to the sun,<br> +but decreases rapidly until, beyond the regions of the atmosphere, in<br> +void, it is estimated that the cold is about seventy degrees below zero.<br> +The line of perpetual frost at the equator is 15,000 feet altitude;<br> +13,000 feet between the tropics; and 9,000 to 4,000 between the<br> +latitudes of forty degrees and forty-nine degrees.<br> +<br> +At a depth of forty-five feet under ground, the temperature of the earth<br> +is uniform throughout the year.<br> +<br> +The human ear is so extremely sensitive that it can hear a sound that<br> +lasts only the twenty-four thousandth part of a second.<br> +<br> +Sound travels at the rate of one thousand one hundred and forty-two feet<br> +per second-about thirteen miles in a minute. So that if we hear a clap<br> +of thunder half a minute after the flash, we may calculate that the<br> +discharge of electricity is six and a half miles off.<br> +<br> +<br> +<br style="font-weight: bold;"> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">ALPHABETICAL INDEX</span><br> +<br> +Accent and Pronunciation<br> +Accidents and Emergencies<br> +Aeronautics, Dictionary of<br> +Age, To Tell, of Any Person<br> +Age, When One Becomes of<br> +Alphabet of Advice to Writers<br> +Amendments to the Constitution<br> +Analogies in Nature, Queer<br> +Appalling Depths of Space, The<br> +Apparel for Men, Proper<br> +Art of Not Forgetting, The<br> +Asthma, Relief for<br> +<br> +Baby's Mind, Development of the<br> +Balls and Evening Receptions<br> +Bank, Doing Business with a<br> +Bathing, Hints on<br> +Beauty and Health<br> +Bees (Memory Rhyme)<br> +Bell Time on Shipboard<br> +"Best Man." Duties of the<br> +Birthdays (Memory Rhyme)<br> +Birth Stones<br> +Blonds and Brunettes, Colors for<br> +Brain, The Wonderful Human<br> +Bread, Salt-Rising<br> +Bride's Trousseau<br> +Bright's Disease, Tomato in<br> +Burial Alive, To Guard Against<br> +Business Law in Brief<br> +Bust, To Develop the<br> +<br> +Canary Birds, Care of<br> +Capital Letters. The Use of<br> +Chamois Skins<br> +Change, How to Make<br> +Character as Seen in Faces<br> +Check, How to Draw a<br> +Check-Raising Made Easy<br> +Cities, Nicknames of<br> +Cities, Principal American<br> +College Colors<br> +Color Contrast and Harmony<br> +Colors, How to Select<br> +Colors for Blonds and Brunettes<br> +Complexions, Men and<br> +Constitutional Law, Principal Points of<br> +Constitution of the United States, The<br> +Copyright, The Law of<br> +Cost and Price Marks<br> +Coughs, What Cures<br> +Counterfeit Money, How to Detect<br> +Courtship and Marriage, Etiquette of<br> +Criminal Law, Points of<br> +Cuckoo, The (Memory Rhyme)<br> +Cure for Love, A<br> +<br> +Days of the Week<br> +Death Sentence of the Savior<br> +Debutantes, Etiquette for<br> +Declaration of Independence, The<br> +Declaration of Independence, Signers of the<br> +Dentifrices, Useful and Injurious<br> +Dictionary of Aeronautics<br> +Dictionary of Dreams<br> +Discount, Trade<br> +Distances by Water from New York<br> +Distances that Stun the Mind<br> +Divorce and Marriage<br> +Dog, Senator Vest's Eulogy on the<br> +Doing Business with a Bank<br> +Don't Be Buried Alive<br> +Dower, The Right of<br> +Dreams and Their Meaning<br> +Dress and Etiquette, Formalities in<br> +<br> +Engagement and Wedding Rings<br> +English Grammar in a Nutshell<br> +Etiquette of Courtship and Marriage<br> +Etiquette of the Visiting-Card<br> +Evolution Theory, The<br> +Exercise, Physical<br> +Eyes, Care of the<br> +Eyes, Character Indicated by the<br> +Fables, Modern<br> +Facts about Sponges<br> +Facts about the Liberty Bell<br> +Facts of General Interest<br> +Facts, Handy, to Settle Arguments<br> +Fat People and Lean, Rules for<br> +Female Figure, The Perfect<br> +Feminine Height and Weight<br> +Finding, The Law of<br> +Fingers and Hands, Various Forms of<br> +Flag, The Language of the<br> +Flowers, The Language of<br> +Formalities in Dress and Etiquette<br> +Friendly Advice on Many Subjects<br> +<br> +Geographical Nicknames<br> +Girdle of Venus<br> +Glue, Test for<br> +God, The Name of, in Fifty Languages<br> +"Good Bye, God Bless You"<br> +Grammar, English, in a nutshell<br> +Grammar, Short (Memory Rhyme)<br> +Grammar, Spelling and Pronunciation<br> +<br> +Hair, Curious Facts About<br> +Hair and Scalp, Care of the<br> +Hand Grenades<br> +Hands and Fingers, Various Forms of<br> +Hands, Care of the<br> +Handy Metric Table<br> +Happiness Defined<br> +Health Line<br> +Health and Beauty<br> +Height and Weight<br> +Height of Noted Structure<br> +Holidays, Legal, in Various States<br> +Horse's Prayer, The<br> +Horses, To Tell the Age of<br> +Housekeepers Should Remember, What<br> +Hypnotism, The Mysteries of<br> +<br> +Independence, The Declaration of<br> +Indorsement of Checks, etc.<br> +Infant Feeding and Management<br> +Interest Rules, Short<br> +Invitations and Announcements<br> +<br> +Jefferson's Political Policy<br> +Jewelry, Correct Form of<br> +<br> +Keep Still<br> +<br> +Lady's Chance of Marrying, A<br> +Language of Flowers, The<br> +Language of Precious Stones<br> +Last Words of Famous Men and Women<br> +Law, Business, in Brief<br> +Law, Points of Criminal<br> +Letter Combinations<br> +Liberty Bell, Facts About the<br> +Loisette's Memory System<br> +Love, A Cure for<br> +<br> +Magna Charta<br> +Marriage and Courtship, Etiquette of<br> +Marriage and Divorce<br> +Measures and Weights<br> +Mecklenburg Declaration, The<br> +Memory Rhymes<br> +Memory System, Loisette's<br> +Merchants' Cost and Price Marks<br> +Metric Table, Handy<br> +Months, Derivation of the Names of the<br> +Months, The (Memory Rhyme)<br> +Mottoes of the States<br> +Mourning Colors the World Over<br> +Mourning Customs<br> +<br> +Name of God in Fifty Languages<br> +Names of Men, Meanings of Christian<br> +Names of Women, Christian<br> +Name, What's in a<br> +Nature's Wonders, Some of<br> +Nicknames, Geographical<br> +Nicknames of Cities<br> +Notes and Acceptances<br> +Nursing of Infants<br> +<br> +"Oh, I Wish I Was in Eden"<br> +Opportunity--Ingalls' Famous Sonnet<br> +Opportunity--Poem<br> +Osteopathy, The Claims of<br> +Palmistry, The Mysteries of<br> +Palm-Reading, Chart for<br> +Parliamentary Law, Principles, of<br> +Patent, How to Obtain a<br> +Philosophical Facts<br> +Phrenology, Dr. Spurzheim's<br> +Physical Exercise<br> +Piano, How to Care for a<br> +Points of Criminal Law<br> +Poisons and Their Antidotes<br> +Population of Principal Cities<br> +Poor Richard's Sayings<br> +Presidents, Ages and Deaths of the<br> +Presidents of the United States<br> +Precious Stones, The Language of<br> +Pronunciation and Accent<br> +Pronunciation, Common Errors in<br> +Pronunciation, Simple Rules of<br> +Punctuation<br> +<br> +Quinine to Break Up a Cold<br> +<br> +"Raised" Checks<br> +Rats, How to Get Rid of<br> +Recipes, Trade Secrets, etc.<br> +Reputation, Lines of<br> +Riddles, Old and New<br> +Riding, Rules for (Memory Rhyme)<br> +Rights of Married Women<br> +Road, Rule of the<br> +<br> +Salt-Rising Bread<br> +Scalp and Hair, Care of the<br> +Science and Statistics, Facts of<br> +Shakespeare's Counsel<br> +Shaving, Hints on<br> +Short Rules for Spelling<br> +Shoulders, To Straighten Round<br> +Single Tax, The<br> +Skin, Care of the<br> +Social Forms<br> +Sparrow, The English<br> +Spelling, Short Rules for<br> +Sponges, Facts About<br> +States, Mottoes of the<br> +States, The Names of the<br> +Steps in the Growth of American Liberty<br> +Swollen Feet, Relief for<br> +<br> +Tea and Coffee<br> +Teeth of Children, The<br> +Teeth, The Care of the<br> +Theosophy<br> +Things That Are Misnamed<br> +Toasts and Sentiments<br> +Toothache<br> +Time in Which Money Doubles<br> +Trade Discounts<br> +Trademarks, The Laws of<br> +Trees, Big<br> +Trees, Maximum Age of<br> +<br> +United States, Constitution of<br> +<br> +Visiting-Card, Etiquette of the<br> +<br> +Water, How and When to Drink<br> +Water, To Tell Pure<br> +Wedding and Engagement Rings<br> +Wedding Anniversaries<br> +Wedding Customs<br> +Weights and Measures<br> +Weights and Measures, Handy<br> +What Housekeepers Should Remember<br> +What's in a Name?<br> +Wine, How to Serve, etc.<br> +Woman's Lunch, A<br> +Workingmen Easily Gulled<br> +Writers, Alphabet Of Advice to<br> +<br> +<br> +<br> +[Transcriber's note: The rest of the book is advertisemnts. Ads +are <br> +separated by a horizontal line.]<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +<br> +Things Worth Knowing about Dr. Graves' Tooth Powder<br> +ARE TOO MANY AND TOO WELL KNOWN<br> +TO PRINT ON THIS SMALL PAGE<br> +BUT-<br> +HERE ARE A FEW<br> +3,360,000 cans sold in 1910<br> +5 girls can make 75 gross in one day<br> +42,000 druggists in the U. S. A., carry GRAVES'<br> +200 tons of Tooth Powder made in 1910<br> +If so many people use GRAVES' why can't you?<br> +<br> +<img style="width: 531px; height: 798px;" alt="" src="images/277Pic.jpg"><br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +Perfect Form Health Brace<br> +<br> +Develop your chest from 3 to 6 inches.<br> +<br> +Compels Deep Breathing and insures long life<br> +<br> +Consumption claims thousands whose stooped shoulders and cramped lungs<br> +prevent them from inhaling the health-giving, revitalizing air<br> +<br> +SPECIAL PRICE, $1.50 for a $2.00 QUALITY<br> +<br> +FOR SALE WHERE YOU GOT THIS BOOK.<br> +<br> +<img style="width: 526px; height: 797px;" alt="" src="images/279Pic.jpg"><br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +Products Worth Knowing.<br> +<br> +"Now my mouth and teeth really DO FEEL CLEAN."<br> +<br> +"Isn't it a Godsend we had it in the house when the youngster cut his<br> +hand."<br> +<br> +Remarks Frequently made by users of Hydrox PEROXIDE OF HYDROGEN.<br> +The Always Reliable Antiseptic.<br> +You cannot depend on cheap Peroxides in an emergency.<br> +They're dear at any price.<br> +For Ideal Cleanliness, Comfort and Hygiene use<br> +HYDROX PEROXIDE<br> +Cream<br> +Tooth Powder<br> +Dental Paste<br> +Soap<br> +Talc<br> +Face Powder<br> +"The Aristocrats of Toilet Preparations"<br> +All Drug Stores Sell Them.<br> +HYDROX CHEMICAL CO.<br> +NEW YORK<br> +SAN FRANCISCO<br> +CHICAGO<br> +<br> +<img style="width: 524px; height: 802px;" alt="" src="images/281Pic.jpg"><br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +This is a reproduction of the handsome New Style Package of<br> +ST. JACOBS OIL<br> +which has a world-wide reputation as<br> +The Great Remedy For Pain<br> +No other oil or liniment has ever received the cordial approval of the<br> +medical and nursing professions the world over. ST. JACOBS OIL is the<br> +safest, surest and best pain relieving agent.<br> +Highest Prize Medals Awarded at International Expositions for being the<br> +best pain cure.<br> +Good for Rheumatism, Neuralgia, Sore Throat, Chest Colds, etc. Just rub<br> +it on the affected parts. The pain may resist a dozen treatments--but it<br> +can't resist St. Jacobs Oil.<br> +Send for Illustrated Booklet Containing Free Music Offer.<br> +Price 25c., 50c.<br> +The 50c Bottle Contains 3 Times as Much as the 25c Size.<br> +St. Jacobs Oil Ltd.<br> +Baltimore, Md.<br> +<br> +<img style="width: 535px; height: 801px;" alt="" src="images/283Pic.jpg"><br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +STIEFEL'S MEDICINAL SOAPS<br> +<br> +For more than a quarter of a century Stiefel's Medicinal Soaps, the<br> +pioneer products in the field, have been the standby of physicians<br> +everywhere, and many of the varieties have, originally through the<br> +recommendation of the skin specialist or the family physician, become<br> +household remedies and toilet accessories in the homes of the refined<br> +and particular.<br> +The ideal, logical and scientifically approved care of the scalp calls<br> +for the use of<br> +STIEFEL'S<br> +Superlative<br> +BORACIC ACID<br> +SHAMPOO SOAP<br> +A most effective remover of Dandruff.<br> +Cleanses the scalp and opens the pores.<br> +Leaves the hair loose and fluffy, so that<br> +"You CAN do a thing with it"<br> +next day.<br> +Price: 25 cents per cake.<br> +Tear out the Coupon printed on page 381 and get a free sample<br> +Sole Agents for the U. S.<br> +Schering & Glatz<br> +150-152 Maiden Lane<br> +New York<br> +THE OLDEST YET MOST UP-TO-DATE<br> +<br> +<img style="width: 535px; height: 805px;" alt="" src="images/285Pic.jpg"><br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +Listen To These Men<br> +<br> +THERE'S NO USE TALKING--your appearance has much to do with your<br> +success, yes, any man's success in business. A small investment with us<br> +will give you the right appearance, the appearance of real prosperity.<br> +<br> +Many men are wearing clothes made by us because they're stylish,<br> +reliable and may be had at very reasonable prices.<br> +<br> +We import many of our own goods and always display a large line of<br> +exclusive novelties at very attractive prices.<br> +<br> +The proprietors of this publication are our customers. Our work pleases<br> +them and they think it will please you. We know it will.<br> +<br> +We would very much appreciate a call and if you will mention this<br> +advertisement we will allow you an extra cash discount of 5%.<br> +<br> +Our household accounts are subject to premiums, and make buying clothes<br> +easy. Drop us a card and we will mail you pamphlet giving full<br> +information, also samples.<br> +<br> +MISSELHORN & NELSON<br> +TAILORS<br> +Telephone, Main 3906 19 South Fifth Ave., +Chicago<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +OUR SPECIALTY<br> +<br> +Orthopedic Apparatus<br> +<br> +For all deformities including spinal curvature, hip joint disease, weak<br> +legs, bow legs, knock knees, club feet, flat feet, etc.<br> +<br> +Shoes for the Lame<br> +<br> +All apparatus made in our own factory.<br> +<br> +By skilled mechanics on short notice.<br> +<br> +Estimates cheerfully given. Send for catalog "D."<br> +<br> +SHARP & SMITH<br> +Manufacturers of<br> +Orthopedic Apparatus. Shoes for the Lame, Artificial Limbs. Trusses,<br> +Crutches, Abdominal Supporters, Elastic Stockings.<br> +103 N. Wabash Ave., Chicago<br> +Two Doors North of Washington Street<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +ARE YOU TOO FAT?<br> +<br> +DOWNS' Obesity Reducer<br> +<br> +Will Reduce your Fat<br> +<br> +Downs' Obesity Reducer is unlike other reducing remedies in that it does<br> +not require other medicines to strengthen up the system after it has<br> +performed its function of relieving the patient of superfluous fat. On<br> +the contrary Downs' Obesity Reducer not only does away with obesity, but<br> +it strengthens the entire system, discharges all impurities and tones up<br> +the blood.<br> +<br> +It is easy to take; being put up in pill and capsule form.<br> +<br> +Downs' Obesity Reducer contains no injurious drugs; a child might take<br> +it in any quantity without harmful effects. It is not one of the<br> +so-called "new discoveries." It has been used successfully for over<br> +thirty years and has never produced an evil effect. Scores of people<br> +have been reduced by it from 20 to 80 pounds and never felt better than<br> +while taking and after taking.<br> +<br> +Guaranteed by the Downs' Chemical Company, Chicago, under the Pure Food<br> +and Drugs' Act of June 30, 1906. Serial Number 17092.<br> +<br> +Regular price for a full month's treatment is $2.50.<br> +<br> +<img style="width: 531px; height: 804px;" alt="" src="images/288Pic.jpg"><br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +Finest Razors in the World.<br> +Hand Forged<br> +Satisfaction<br> +Largest Factory in the U. S.<br> +Guaranteed<br> +Ask for the Geneva Standard Brand,<br> +Made by<br> +Geneva Cutlery Co., Geneva, N. Y., U. S. A.<br> +<br> +<img style="width: 535px; height: 819px;" alt="" src="images/289Pic.jpg"><br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +PURE OLIVE OIL<br> +Is a health building food. It builds firm solid flesh, aids digestion<br> +and clears the complexion. Dress Your Food With<br> +CHIRIS<br> +(pronounced Sheris)<br> +Olive Oil<br> +It is the first pressing of the choicest French Olives. Every package<br> +put up and sealed at the factory, at Grasse, France.<br> +AMERICAN AGENTS<br> +Antoine Chiris Company, 18-20 Platt St., New York<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +Don't Be Cut Open!<br> +Don't Suffer!<br> +Promptly Use<br> +MEYS<br> +POULTICE<br> +(HYGROSCOPINE)<br> +For Pains, Wounds, Swellings, Burns, Bites, Stings, and all<br> +INFLAMMATIONS<br> +Meys Poultice is in air-tight glass jars. 12 ozs. net; 20 ozs. net; 2<br> +lbs. net; and 5 lbs. Meys Poultice is a safe, clean, soothing<br> +dressing--is antiseptic and anesthetic; does not soil or stain. It<br> +dissolves in water; lasts 24 hours as a dressing. Meys Poultice is<br> +indorsed by physicians everywhere. It has no equal as a treatment in<br> +Pneumonia, Pleurisy, Bronchitis, Croup, Rheumatic Joints, Carbuncles,<br> +Old Ulcers, Infections, Pelvic Pains, Ovaritis, Erysipelas, Orchitis,<br> +Tonsillitis, Enlarged Glands and Appendicitis.<br> +<br> +MEYS CHEMICAL MFG. CO., Chicago, III.<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +Prevent Disease<br> +Australian Eucalyptus Globulus Oil<br> +"Kangaroo" Brand<br> +Recommended by the highest medical authorities for sick-room and<br> +household use as a general Antiseptic, Disinfectant and Deodorant. It is<br> +non-poisonous and non-irritating. Used the world over. Take no<br> +substitute but see that you get our "Kangaroo" Brand.<br> +<br> +Euca-Scentol<br> +A fragrant but powerful Antiseptic and Inhalant. Invaluable to those<br> +exposed to infection and contagion; to travelers; and for use in crowded<br> +cars, theatres, etc. Mosquitoes and other insects shun it. Use it when<br> +on the water or at summer resorts.<br> +<br> +Either of the above sold by or obtained through any druggist in original<br> +bottles only.<br> +<br> +Australian Eucalyptus Chemical Co.<br> +305 N. Michigan Ave. Chicago, III.<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +COLDS<br> +CATARRH<br> +COLDS IN HEAD<br> +HAY FEVER<br> +KONDON'S CATARRHAL JELLY<br> +<br> +Sample Free For Relief To Prove Why It Cures<br> +<br> +PLEASE TRY Kondon's with our compliments, for catarrhal sore throat--or<br> +colds or any catarrhal trouble. Pleasant, pure, quick to stop distress<br> +and speedily cures. Don't delay. Sold by over 35,000 druggists--or write<br> +us for free sample.<br> +<br> +Kondon's (in sanitary tubes) gives Quick relief. Snuff a bit of +this<br> +aromatic, soothing, healing Jelly well into the nasal passages. Take a<br> +small portion internally, leaving in the throat as long as possible, rub<br> +the throat well with the Jelly--you'll find almost instant relief. Get a<br> +25c or 50c tube today of your druggist or send penny postal to us for<br> +free sample.<br> +<br> +Kondon Mfg. Co., Minneapolis. Minn.<br> +25c or 50c Sanitary Tubes at all Druggists.<br> +Sample FREE<br> +<br> +<img style="width: 798px; height: 523px;" alt="" src="images/291Pic.jpg"><br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +SPRING HOUSE<br> +POLAND, MAINE<br> +Can boast of two things that are unsurpassed, if equalled, in the United<br> +States.<br> +<br> +Poland Spring Hotel, which is the most delightful summer resort in the<br> +State of Maine.<br> +<br> +And the famous Poland Spring Water, known all over the civilized world<br> +for its purity and sweetness and beneficial effects, has not its equal<br> +for kidney trouble, diabetes, gall-stones, and various other ailments of<br> +a similar nature.<br> +<br> +The Spring House is the most magnificent of any spring house m the world<br> +having cost more then $100,000.<br> +<br> +"POLAND" WATER IS the purest, most efficacious and lightest of all<br> +natural mineral waters.<br> +<br> +HIRAM RICKER & SONS<br> +South Poland, Maine<br> +Proprietors<br> +SPRAGUE, WARNER & COMPANY, Chicago<br> +Western Agents<br> +<br> +<img style="width: 524px; height: 806px;" alt="" src="images/292Pic.jpg"><br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +A HYGIENIC CLEANSER<br> +A YOUTHFUL COMPLEXION<br> +A PROTECTION FROM SUN AND WIND<br> +<br> +Brown's Wonder FACE CREAM<br> +Wonder Face Cream is recognized by both users and dealers to be the best<br> +face cream on the market, is the best looking package and the most goods<br> +for the money.<br> +<br> +FOR OILY SKIN<br> +<br> +Wonder Face Cream will prevent an oily skin, whether this is caused by<br> +the use of a grease cream, or by oil extuding from the skin itself. No<br> +other face cream is equal to Wonder Cream for this purpose.<br> +<br> +As a cleanser it is superior to soap. It penetrates the skin and removes<br> +the secretions which if allowed to remain will cause blackheads and<br> +pimples.<br> +<br> +Wonder Face Cream contains no grease and will not grow hair. It will<br> +remove tan and sunburn, give the user a fresh complexion, whiten the<br> +skin, will gradually remove freckles and when used with massage will<br> +remove wrinkles. One jar will convince you. If you do not think this<br> +possible give it a trial.<br> +<br> +Every person going out in the sun or wind, especially on automobile<br> +rides, requires a face dressing, and only a non-grease cream can be<br> +used. Wonder Face Cream is perfect for this purpose. An invisible<br> +dressing of Wonder Cream will protect the face, preventing sunburn,<br> +roughening of the skin, etc, No one will suffer from sunburn if they<br> +will put on a dressing of Wonder Face Cream before going out.<br> +<br> +Put up in 25c, 35c, 50c, 75c, $1.00 and $1.75 jars.<br> +<br> +<img style="width: 526px; height: 795px;" alt="" src="images/293Pic.jpg"><br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +BROWN'S WONDER SALVE<br> +<br> +A household remedy. Perfectly harmless. Can be used on both +adults and<br> +children.<br> +<br> +Wonder Salve cures sore throat and colds, inflammation of lungs or<br> +chest, frost bite, neuralgia, chilblain, tired or aching feet,<br> +rheumatism, burns, boils, sprains, bruises, croup, earache, warts,<br> +appendicitis, eczema, sores at long standing, mumps, sore corns, cuts,<br> +piles and fistulas, deafness after scarlet lever, is best cure for<br> +pneumonia. Brown's Wonder Salve cures first by removing inflammation or<br> +irritation of the parts; second by regulating the circulation when from<br> +any cause it has become impaired. With the cause of the inflammation<br> +removed and the circulation brought to its normal condition nature does<br> +the healing. Put up in 25c, 50c and $1.00 sizes, and hospital size of<br> +$1.75.<br> +<br> +If not obtainable at your druggist, goods will be sent by mail on<br> +receipt of price. Safe delivery guaranteed.<br> +<br> +R. H. BROWN & CO. 2701 Menlo Avenue, Los Angeles, Cal.<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +Collis Famous Corset Ankle Supports<br> +With Removable Bones<br> +The only real support for weak or sprained ankles<br> +Men's, Ladies' and Misses'. Price, per pair $1.00<br> +Children's. Price per pair .50<br> +Made in Tan or Black Leather.<br> +When ordering state size shoe worn.<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +Dr. Bull's Elastic Ankle Supports<br> +Merc. Silk<br> +<br> +Men's, Ladies' and Misses'. Price per pair $1.50<br> +<br> +The feature of our Elastic Support is, they are made to fit and conform<br> +perfectly with ankle, giving free instep movement recommended by leading<br> +physicians.<br> +<br> +When ordering state size shoe worn.<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +The Harvard Athletic Supports<br> +Price each 75 cents<br> +Made in three sizes, small, medium and large.<br> +These are used for all classes of Athletic Sports, such as Baseball,<br> +Football, Basket Ball, and all other indoor games.<br> +When ordering, enclose 5 cents extra for mailing goods.<br> +H. J. COLLIS MFG. CO. :: Taunton, Mass.<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +STROPS ALL BLADES<br> +<br> +Gillette, O.V.B. Durham, Duplex, Enders, Keen Kutter, Ward and Clark<br> +Safety Razor Blades.<br> +<br> +OLD BLADES better than new--when--you use "Meehan's" Razor Stropper. We<br> +guarantee every one of them to be in perfect condition. If a fair trial<br> +fails to convince you of its being the most economical stropping device<br> +on the market, come and get your money back.<br> +<br> +DOUBLE EDGED BLADES SHARPENED WITHOUT READJUSTMENT<br> +WEIGHS ONLY FIVE OUNCES<br> +"MEEHAN'S" RAZOR STROPPER.<br> +<br> +A Sharp Razor Blade is the most essential point for the "Home Shaver."<br> +NO Safety Razor Set is complete without "Meehan's" Razor Stropper.<br> +<br> +ONLY one insertion of blade in holder is necessary for sharpening both<br> +sides of both edges at the same time.<br> +<br> +NO complicated parts--simple construction--easy to operate.<br> +<br> +NO possible chance of an accidental cut when inserting blade or<br> +stropping--when--you use "Meehan's" Razor Stropper.<br> +<br> +$2<br> +For Sale Where You Got This Book<br> +<br> +<img style="width: 538px; height: 806px;" alt="" src="images/295Pic.jpg"><br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +WOMAN'S BEAUTY IS HER POWER<br> +<br> +Every woman can be beautiful if she uses Geo. W. Laird's "Bloom of<br> +Youth"<br> +<br> +WOMAN'S BEAUTY RULES THE WORLD<br> +<br> +Kings, Emperors, Sultans, Millionaires, Statesmen and men of influence<br> +all bow to women's beauty. Then it is not to be wondered at that women<br> +do all in their power to attain that wonderful charm. A clear, smooth,<br> +soft, white, beautiful skin is far more attractive than the most costly<br> +costume. LAIRD'S "BLOOM OF YOUTH" will remove all imperfections of the<br> +skin--tan, freckles and all other discolorations--leaving it clear and<br> +beautiful. Laird's "Bloom of Youth" has been in use the past fifty years<br> +and improved from time to time, until now it is simply a perfect toilet<br> +preparation.<br> +<br> +WOMAN'S DUTY<br> +<br> +Woman should use every legitimate means in her power to make herself<br> +attractive if nature has not been generous to her and blessed her with a<br> +clear, soft, beautiful skin. She should use some of the artificial means<br> +of attaining the desired effect. We would recommend the use of LAIRD'S<br> +"BLOOM OF YOUTH." It has been in use the past fifty years by millions of<br> +society ladies, actresses and opera singers both in this country and in<br> +Europe.<br> +<br> +Sold at all druggists and fancy goods stores. Price 75c a bottle.<br> +Manufactured by<br> +GEO. W. LAIRD,<br> +CLIFFSIDE. N. J.<br> +For sale where you got this book.<br> +<br> +<img style="width: 524px; height: 552px;" alt="" src="images/296Pic.jpg"><br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +<img style="width: 287px; height: 384px;" alt="" src="images/297Pic.jpg"><br> +<br> +"I wish to state that we have been using your Baby Food for one year and<br> +have met with nothing but the best of results.<br> +<br> +It was only after trying, I think, all other kinds of foods, which only<br> +seemed to make matters worse, that a trial was made of DENNOS FOOD,<br> +which, we feel, is a life saver. The photo and the boy's condition will<br> +best testify as to the merits of DENNOS FOOD.<br> +<br> +Yours very truly,"<br> +(Signed) Ralph Krows.<br> +316 Union St., Seattle.<br> +<br> +600,000 Babies Die every year--almost invariably from improper feeding!<br> +Doctors agree that the only substitute for mother's milk is fresh cow's<br> +milk, scientifically modified. That is why physicians and mothers alike<br> +are giving much heartfelt welcome to<br> +<br> +DENNOS FOOD<br> +<br> +the wonderful new cereal preparation which adds to cow's milk all vital<br> +nutritional elements--flakes the indigestible curd completely, and Saves<br> +Babies' Lives.<br> +<br> +I am using DENNOS FOOD in my practice and find it very satisfactory.<br> +(Signed), W. C. Emery, M. D., Kenton, Ohio.<br> +<br> +I had tried several foods with very little success until we put our baby<br> +on DENNOS. DENNOS FOOD is a Godsend to mothers.<br> +(Signed) Mrs. M. Lawrence. 1734 Sycamore St., Cincinnati, Ohio.<br> +<br> +SOLD BY YOUR DRUGGIST<br> +Ask your doctor about "Dennos"<br> +Write to<br> +DENNOS FOOD CO.<br> +911 Western Ave., Seattle<br> +for Free Sample and Baby Book.<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +Sweetola<br> +High Grade Chocolates<br> +MADE FOR A DISCERNING PUBLIC<br> +Packed in Packages containing either<br> +BITTER SWEET CHOCOLATES<br> +MILK CHOCOLATES<br> +CHOCOLATES and BON BONS<br> +ASSORTED CHOCOLATES<br> +MADE BY<br> +The Chicago Chocolate Co.<br> +3233 West Lake Street<br> +Phones Kedzie 2261 and 5888<br> +CHICAGO<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +THINGS WORTH KNOWING<br> +<br> +Dr. Lemke's Golden Electric Liniment<br> +is a powerful pain expeller and a reliable house remedy. It alleviates<br> +and heals external and internal pain and inflammation, both for man and<br> +beast. It is an extraordinary and valuable liniment. Price, $1.00 and<br> +50c.<br> +<br> +Dr. Lemke's St. Johannis Drops<br> +is a valuable medicine. In thousands of cases these drops have<br> +alleviated pain and cured Sickness; yes, in a great many cases saved<br> +lives in attacks of spasms, colic, cramps and cholera. In case of<br> +excitement and anxious feelings in the head and nerves these drops.<br> +bring quick relief. A very important medicine. Price, 50c and 25c.<br> +<br> +Dr. Lemke's Laxative Herb Tea<br> +has a salutary effect on the whole system in cases of colds,<br> +biliousness, costiveness and intermittent fevers. It thoroughly cleanses<br> +the blood, creates appetite, works on the liver, kidneys, bladder and<br> +produces a regular stool. Price, 50c and 25c.<br> +<br> +These remedies have been in use over 40 years and have enjoyed a gradual<br> +increase in sales through their good work. They are for sale by<br> +druggists and prepared by<br> +Dr. H. C. Lemke Medicine Co.,<br> +1538 Elburn Ave., Chicago<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +<img style="width: 229px; height: 207px;" alt="" src="images/299Pic.jpg"><br> +<br> +TYPEWRITERS<br> +Special prices for serviceable machines as low as<br> +$12, $15, and $20<br> +I sell all makes Rebuilt and some nearly new.<br> +Write me for special price on any make or model preferred.<br> +Telephones: Franklin 1737 Automatic 32-326<br> +WALTER H. FOX,<br> +106 N. La Salle St., Chicago, Ill.<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +The Perfect Removable Buffer with 3 Extra Chamois<br> +The Metal Band being removable, the Chamois may be easily replaced,<br> +making the polisher practically everlasting. In 4 sizes; 4-1/2, 5, 6 and<br> +7 inches.<br> +3 colors: Ebony, Cocobola and Olive wood.<br> +Manufactured by<br> +The Manicure Novelty Mfg. Co.<br> +140 SULLIVAN STREET,<br> +NEW YORK<br> +Inquire where you got this book<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +SANFORD'S INKS<br> +For Permanent Records<br> +MUCILAGE, LIBRARY PASTE<br> +The Only Ink for a fountain Pen<br> +A Necessity in Every Office and Home<br> +<br> +<img style="width: 521px; height: 390px;" alt="" src="images/300Pic.jpg"><br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +You Must Have An Antiseptic Always on Hand<br> +to protect yourself against disease-breeding Bacteria. Be absolutely<br> +sure that it is (a) free from poison; (b) reliable; (c) easily applied;<br> +(d) free from objectionable odor.<br> +<br> +How can you be sure of finding these four properties in an antiseptic?<br> +Read the official reports on SALUBRIN from eminent authorities,<br> +professors of Medicine in the Royal university of Lund, Sweden. Buy from<br> +your druggist a bottle of SALUBRIN, and read the circular, containing<br> +such reports; or drop us a postal card, giving your address, and we will<br> +mail you absolutely convincing proofs. There is no other antiseptic<br> +remedy equal to SALUBRIN.<br> +<br> +THE SALUBRIN LABORATORY<br> +Grand Crossing CHICAGO, ILL.<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +PARTICULAR PEOPLE DEMAND<br> +Calder's<br> +SAPONACEOUS<br> +Dentine<br> +Made for 60 years<br> +It cleans and polishes the teeth, making them white and beautiful. It<br> +keeps the gums a natural red, the breath fragrant.<br> +BUY IT ANYWHERE<br> +The material used in Calder's Dentine is made especially for it.<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +LUNE DE MIEL<br> +(HONEYMOON)<br> +The New Perfume<br> +A charming new perfume of exquisite odor.<br> +Cut Glass bottle in satin lined case<br> +Beautifully put up.<br> +<br> +An unusually attractive package at a moderate price. Lune de Miel (the<br> +French for Honeymoon) is probably the most delightful perfume on the<br> +market. It's fragrance is not alone pleasing but lasting.<br> +<br> +Lune de Miel perfume is now enjoying the same large demand in America as<br> +it has in Europe.<br> +<br> +Lune de Miel Toilette Water, Sachet. Face Powder and Soap.<br> +THE CROWN PERFUMERY CO. OF LONDON<br> +30 EAST 20th STREET, NEW YORK<br> +<br> +<img style="width: 526px; height: 391px;" alt="" src="images/301Pic.jpg"><br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +<br> +<img style="width: 342px; height: 453px;" alt="" src="images/302Pic.jpg"><br> +<br> +Burnishine Did It!<br> +<br> +Warranted not to contain anything injurious to the metal. Works quick<br> +and easy.<br> +<br> +For cleaning or polishing Copper, Brass, Zinc, Tin, Nickel, Silver and<br> +all kinds of metals.<br> +<br> +Put up in cans<br> +4-oz., 1/2-pint, 1-pint, 1-quart, 2-quart. 1-gallon<br> +For sale by all dealers<br> +J. C. PAUL & CO., Mfrs. CHICAGO<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +MT. CLEMENS BITTER WATER<br> +Nature's Great Laxative and Tonic<br> +For Biliousness and Indigestion<br> +Prepared from and containing all of the Remedial Merit of the famous<br> +MT. CLEMENS MINERAL WATERS<br> +The Original<br> +The Long Green Bottle<br> +Born in Mt. Clemens 1886<br> +The dose is small--It's not bad to take--100 per cent. satisfaction<br> +Analysis and History for the asking<br> +Mt. Clemens Mineral Springs Water Co.<br> +Mt. CLEMENS, MICHIGAN<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +Ask Your Druggist<br> +The Canton SEAMLESS Hot Water Bottle, as the name implies, is<br> +SEAMLESS--it cannot possibly leak. The highest grade materials are used<br> +in its construction, making it the most DURABLE seamless water bottle<br> +ever devised. Guaranteed two years. Made in all sizes.<br> +Ask Your Druggist<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +<img style="width: 81px; height: 213px;" alt="" src="images/303PicA.jpg"><br> +<br> +"Dead Stuck" for Bugs<br> +Big Bugs, Little Bugs--<br> +All sorts of Bugs are exterminated by "DEAD STUCK"<br> +Price 25 Cents per Can--All Druggists<br> +Manufactured by<br> +THE PENN CHEMICAL CO., Inc.<br> +Philadelphia. Pa.<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +<img style="width: 423px; height: 159px;" alt="" + src="images/303PicB.jpg"><br> +<br> +SANITAS<br> +THE BEST DISINFECTANT<br> +Powerful, Fragrant and Non-poisonous<br> +"Sanitas" Disinfecting Fluid, 20-oz. bottle, 40 Cents<br> +"Sanitas" Crude Disinfecting Liquid, 8-oz. bottle, 25 Cents<br> +"Sanitas" Oil, 4-oz. bottle, 40 Cents<br> +"Sanitas" Jelly (Salve), 4-oz. jar, 40 Cents<br> +"Sanitas" Disinfecting Toilet Soap, per cake, 15 Cents<br> +Remember an ounce of prevention is better than a pound of cure.<br> +Write for book, "How to Disinfect."<br> +THE "SANITAS" CO., U. S. A.<br> +636 to 642 West 55th Street, New York<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +For 90 Years<br> +GRAY'S OINTMENT<br> +Has stood the test for Burns, Boils, Carbuncles, Sores of All Kind,<br> +Frost-Bite and all External Inflammations.<br> +A box should be kept in every home. Immediate application to the wound<br> +has saved thousands of cases of Blood-Poison.<br> +25 cents from your Druggist or<br> +W. F. GRAY & CO.<br> +Nashville, Tenn.<br> +Write for Booklet.<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +Dr. Lindley's Golden Remedy FOR EPILEPSY<br> +15 Years of Successful Treatment<br> +Golden Remedy has stood the test of time; it is no new thing, but a well<br> +tried remedy which stands alone as the only medicine that will stop Fits<br> +in 24 hours; of course to do away with them altogether it must be taken<br> +from 1 to 3 years, although many cases have been cured in much less time<br> +than this, depending upon the severity of the case. Golden Remedy is<br> +also of great value in the treatment of the following troubles:<br> +Nervous Headache.<br> +Great Nervous Excitability.<br> +Insomnia or Sleeplessness.<br> +Hysteria.<br> +St. Vitus Dance.<br> +Spasms and Convulsions of Men, Women and Children.<br> +<br> +<img style="width: 247px; height: 504px;" alt="" src="images/305Pic.jpg"><br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +Those Who Seek the Best Get<br> +Borden's Malted Milk<br> +Those Who Accept Substitutes are Losers<br> +Malted Milk Dept.<br> +BORDEN'S CONDENSED MILK CO.<br> +NEW YORK<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +<img style="width: 487px; height: 494px;" alt="" src="images/306Pic.jpg"><br> +<br> +EVERY WOMAN is interested and should know about the wonderful<br> +Marvel Whirling Spray Syringe<br> +<br> +The Marvel by reason of its peculiar construction, dilates and flushes<br> +the vaginal passage with a volume of whirling fluid, which smooths out<br> +the folds and permits the injection to come in contact with its entire<br> +surface, instantly dissolving and washing out all secretions and<br> +discharges.<br> +<br> +Ask your druggist for it. If he cannot supply the MARVEL, accept no<br> +other, but send stamp for illustrated book--sealed. It gives full<br> +particulars and directions invaluable to ladies. Address<br> +MARVEL CO.<br> +44 East 23d Street,<br> +New York<br> +For Sale where you got this book. $3.00<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +"WHERE THERE'S LIFE, THERE'S HOPE"<br> +Rev. W. W. Brown's Asthma Remedy<br> +A Preventive of Paroxysms or Choking Spells.<br> +All we ask for this wonderful remedy is a fair trial.<br> +Why not try it?<br> +Address: W. W. BROWN, Sioux City, Iowa<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +PECKHAM'S CROUP REMEDY<br> +Is the Children's safe-guard for Cough, Colds, Croup, Whooping Cough.<br> +Mothers, get a bottle to-day, you may need it to-night.<br> +Sold where you got this book. 35c<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +CHAVETT DIPHTHERIA PREVENTIVE<br> +50 Cents<br> +A pleasant fruity syrup, used by thousands of families to safeguard<br> +children against Diphtheria, Scarlet Fever, Diseased Tonsils and all<br> +throat infections. It should always be kept on hand for immediate use.<br> +Its value is well worth knowing.<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +CHAVETT SOLACE<br> +50 Cents<br> +A standard household remedy for all distressed conditions, Neuralgic or<br> +Rheumatic. A comforting insurance against loss of time due to pain,<br> +headache or la grippe. One bottle proves its value.<br> +CHAVETT LABORATORY, 200 W. 61st Street, Chicago<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +<br> +<img style="width: 309px; height: 201px;" alt="" src="images/307Pic.jpg"><br> +<br> +"LUSTR-ITE"<br> +A brand on Manicure Goods which is recognized and stamped with the<br> +approval of its thousands of users. Standing for purity and quality of<br> +manufacture.<br> +LUSTR-ITE Specialties are sold by<br> +The Central Drug Company,<br> +State and Washington St., Chicago.<br> +The Floridine Manufacturing Co.<br> +NEW YORK<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +Shaving Comfort<br> +Found only in a tube of<br> +Bonheim's Shaving Cream<br> +NO SOAP<br> +NO CUP<br> +NO TROUBLE<br> +PRICE PER LARGE TUBE<br> +25 CENTS<br> +IF YOUR DEALER CANNOT SUPPLY YOU SEND 25 CENTS TO US AND A<br> +FULL SIZE TUBE WILL BE MAILED TO YOUR ADDRESS.<br> +SAVOY DRUG & CHEMICAL CO.<br> +CHICAGO.<br> +<br> +<img style="width: 521px; height: 808px;" alt="" src="images/308Pic.jpg"><br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +Physiological Tonicum<br> +<br> +This is what may be described as a scientific iron tonic. In it the<br> +Ferric and Ferrous Oxides are combined in exactly the same proportions<br> +as they are found combined in the normal human blood; hence it is that<br> +the Physiological Tonicum is a blood maker, or, if the term be<br> +preferred, blood purifier--it corrects the blood. Thus it is that this<br> +tonic (which may be used in connection with other medicine) is useful in<br> +nearly all diseases, save such as are characterized by plethoric states,<br> +or full-bloodedness.<br> +<br> +In any instance where the physician wants to prescribe iron which will<br> +cause no untoward effects, such as disturbing the stomach, affecting the<br> +teeth, etc., this PHYSIOLOGICAL TONICUM is the best preparation of iron<br> +he can find in the market.<br> +<br> +Price 4-ounce bottle, 50 cents.<br> +Price 12-ounce bottle. $1.25.<br> +Prepared solely by Boericke & Tafel, Publishers of Hensel's +Scientific<br> +Works in the United States and Germany and sole authorized depositaries<br> +for his Physiological preparations.<br> +For Sale by the Store where you got this book.<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +Everybody Admires a Beautiful Complexion.<br> +DR. T. FELIX GOURAUD'S<br> +Oriental Cream or Magical Beautifier<br> +<br> +An Indispensable and Delightful Toilet Requisite for Fashionable Women.<br> +A daily necessity for the ladies' toilet whether at home or while<br> +traveling. It protects the skin from injurious effects of the elements,<br> +gives a wonderfully effective beauty to the complexion. It is a perfect<br> +non-greasy Toilet Cream and positively will not cause or encourage the<br> +growth of hair which all ladies should guard against when selecting a<br> +toilet preparation. When dancing, bowling or other exertions heat the<br> +skin, it prevents a greasy appearance.<br> +<br> +Gouraud's Oriental Cream has been highly recommended by physicians,<br> +actresses, singers and women of fashion for over half a century and<br> +cannot be surpassed when preparing for daily or evening attire.<br> +<br> +Gouraud's Oriental Cream cures Skin Diseases and relieves Sunburn.<br> +Removes Tan, Pimples, Blackheads, Moth Patches, Rash, Freckles and<br> +Vulgar Redness, Yellow and Muddy Skin, giving a delicately clear and<br> +refined complexion which every woman desires.<br> +<br> +No. 11. For sale by Druggists and Fancy Goods Dealers.<br> +Ferd. T. Hopkins, Prop.,<br> +37 GREAT JONES STREET,<br> +New York<br> +<br> +<img style="width: 248px; height: 410px;" alt="" src="images/310Pic.jpg"><br> +<br> +[Illustration text]<br> +Oriental Cream<br> +or<br> +Magical Beautifier<br> +Trade Mark<br> +THE MOST ELEGANT AND DELICATE<br> +PREPARATION FOR THE SKIN EVER INVENTED<br> +For Tan, Pimples, Freckles, Morphew & All Blemishes of the Cuticle.<br> +Prepared by<br> +Ferd. T. Hopkins,<br> +Successor to<br> +T. Felix Gouraud<br> +37 Great Jones St. - New York<br> +Price $1.50 per bottle.<br> +[End Illustration text]<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +Employed and prescribed by leading Physicians Everywhere.<br> +SIMPLEX STEAM VAPORIZERS LEAD<br> +Size 5x8 Nickel Plate<br> +Complete Croup Kettles, Warm Vapor Inhalers and Nursery Vaporizer.<br> +No. 1 with 8 oz.<br> + Boiler and restricted Alcohol Flame, +Complete +Price $1.50<br> +<br> +No. 2 with 8 oz.<br> + Boiler al Copper Boiler and Jacket, handsome +instrument Price 1.00<br> +<br> +No. 3 with 16 oz.<br> + Boiler Hospital Size with restricted alcohol +lamp Price 2.00<br> +<br> +No. 4 with 20 oz.<br> + Boiler with Retaining Chest works 1/2 hour with +flame Price .75<br> +<br> +No. 6 with 16 oz.<br> + Boiler A kettle with improved vent tube, highly +finished Price .25<br> +<br> +SIMPLEX INHALERS and BENZOIN KETTLES<br> +For Whooping Cough, Grip, Colds, Lost Voice Bronchitis, Singers',<br> +Speakers' and Smokers' Throats. Delivered postpaid with Direction and<br> +Formulae.<br> +<br> +SIMPLEX LAMP MFG. CO., Brooklyn, N. Y.<br> +Geo. H. Bells Patents<br> +Sold at all leading drug stores.<br> +<br> +<img style="width: 279px; height: 351px;" alt="" + src="images/311PicA.jpg"><br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +Nardine<br> +A name to be remembered by every housekeeper, as it is the name of one<br> +of the best household remedies on earth. It is divided into a series of<br> +specifics. Each specific is intended to eliminate a certain group of<br> +disorders as follows:<br> +<br> +No. 1. Catarrh, cold in the head, grip, neuralgia, hay fever, asthma.<br> +<br> +No. 2. Eczema, itching, salt-rheum, sunburn, mosquito bites, boils,<br> +burns, bruises, chapped and cracked hands, and all forms of skin<br> +eruptions.<br> +<br> +No. 3. Sore throat, bronchitis, lung trouble, whooping cough, croup.<br> +<br> +No. 4. For indigestion (catarrh of the stomach) cause sour stomach and<br> +foul breath.<br> +<br> +No. 5. For piles and chafing.<br> +<br> +No. 6. For Chilblains, tender feet, callouses, bunions, and corns.<br> +<br> +No. 7. For complexion, blackheads, pimples, skin eruptions.<br> +<br> +No. 8. For toothache, headache, earache, deafness.<br> +<br> +Sold by all leading druggists everywhere. Price 25 cents or sent direct<br> +from this office on receipt of price. Trial box free.<br> +<br> +Nardine Med. Co, Schenectady, N. Y.<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +WE SELL ALEXANDER'S REMEDY FOR ASTHMA and HAY FEVER<br> +"Don't fail to give it a trial"<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +The Sweet Babee Nursing Bottle<br> +<br> +Patented May 3, 1910<br> +<br> +Has no neck, therefore is washed on the inside like a tumbler, and<br> +filled without a funnel. Every mother is familiar with this style<br> +nipple; we have simply added the large bottom to fit the opening of the<br> +bottle. It is reversible and will not collapse. Endorsed by doctors and<br> +nurses as the most sanitary nursing bottle made. For sale by all<br> +druggists. Price complete 25c.<br> +<br> +THE YANKEE CO., Mfrs., Utica, N. Y.<br> +<br> +<img style="width: 238px; height: 305px;" alt="" + src="images/311PicB.jpg"><br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +WHITTEMORE'S POLISHES<br> +<br> +THE OLDEST AND LARGEST MANUFACTURERS OF SHOE POLISH IN THE WORLD<br> +<br> +FINEST IN QUALITY<br> +<br> +LARGEST IN VARIETY<br> +<br> +Below we mention some of our Special Brands:<br> +<br> +"GILT EDGE" Oil Polish<br> +<br> +Blacks and polishes ladies' and children's boots and shoes; SHINES<br> +WITHOUT RUBBING; always READY for use. Price 25c.<br> +<br> +"DANDY" Combination for cleansing and polishing ALL kinds of russet or<br> +tan boots and shoes. Price 25c. "STAR" size, 10c. Also Oxblood and Brown<br> +Combinations in same sizes and at same prices.<br> +<br> +"ELITE" Combination for those who take pride in having their shoes look<br> +A-1. Restores color and lustre to all black shoes. Polish with a brush<br> +or cloth. Price 25c "BABY ELITE" size, 10c.<br> +<br> +"FRENCH GLOSS." For blacking and polishing ladies' and children's boots<br> +and shoes; SHINES WITHOUT RUBBING. (See cut.) Price 10c.<br> +<br> +"QUICK WHITE" makes dirty CANVAS shoes clean and white. In liquid form<br> +so it can be quickly and easily applied. No white dust. Will not rub<br> +off. A sponge in every package, so always READY for use. Two sizes, 25c<br> +and 10c.<br> +<br> +"BULLY SHINE." A waterproof paste polish for all kinds of black shoes<br> +and old rubbers. Blacks, polishes, softens and preserves. Contains oils<br> +and waxes to polish and preserve the leather. Large tin boxes, Price<br> +10c. Boxes open with a key.<br> +<br> +Ask for Whittemore's Shoe Polishes if you want the BEST,<br> +<br> +<img style="width: 745px; height: 355px;" alt="" src="images/312Pic.jpg"><br> +<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +<br> +<img style="width: 340px; height: 328px;" alt="" + src="images/313PicA.jpg"><br> +<br> +<img style="width: 180px; height: 209px;" alt="" + src="images/313PicB.jpg"><br> +<br> +Leslie Safety Razors<br> +AND SPIRAL STROPPER<br> +LESLIE STANDARD<br> +The Shaving Outfit of the World<br> +<br> +Contains Leslie Safety Razor and Spiral Stropper and 6 Leslie Blades.<br> +<br> +Pronounced by its users to be far in advance of all other shaving and<br> +stropping devices.<br> +<br> +In handsome leather lined and covered case.<br> +No.1. Special Leslie Finish $5.00<br> +No.2. Gold Plated 7.50<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +<img style="width: 342px; height: 324px;" alt="" + src="images/313PicC.jpg"><br> +<br> +LESLIE TOURIST<br> +The Leslie Tourist Safety Razor with 12 Leslie blades, identical with<br> +the $5.00 outfit with the exception of the Leslie stropper. The true<br> +test of any razor is the blade, and without reservation or<br> +qualification, we pronounce this the finest and most efficient "No Hone,<br> +No Strop" Safety Razor ever produced. This outfit will out-shave and<br> +out-last all other makes of safety razors and, in doing so, will afford<br> +far greater comfort and satisfaction. In handsome leather lined and<br> +covered case.<br> +No.3. Special Leslie Finish $3.50<br> +No.4. Gold Plated. 5.00<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +<img style="width: 347px; height: 321px;" alt="" + src="images/313PicD.jpg"><br> +<br> +LESLIE JUNIOR<br> +The Vest Pocket Safety Razor<br> +Realizing the enormous demand for a really first-class Safety Razor that<br> +will far excel all others now in use, at the popular price of $1.00, we<br> +have brought out the Leslie Junior Safety Razor which consists of the<br> +unequaled Leslie Holder and six regulation Leslie blades. In handsome<br> +leather lined and covered case.<br> +No. 5. Special Leslie Finish $1.00<br> +No. 6. Gold Plated 2.00<br> +<br> +MADE BY<br> +Leslie Manufacturing Company, Boston, U. S. A.<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +Retain a "Bloom of Youth" By Using<br> +Luxtone Beauty Secret<br> +<br> +A dainty invisible CREAM POWDER and SKIN TONIC combined, which freshens<br> +the complexion and tones down the HARD LINES as tho' by magic. It FEEDS<br> +the tissue, REFINES the texture, INSTANTLY beautifies, and PERMANENTLY<br> +benefits.<br> +<br> +ONLY under the Luxtone label will you find the REAL "Beauty Secret."<br> +Accept NO other, for THEN YOU ARE SAFE, Price 75c, 50c, 25c.<br> +<br> +LUXTONE RUBITINT. A delicate coloring for cheeks and lips; when combined<br> +with the "Beauty Secret," produces an effect truly captivating. Price<br> +50c, 25c.<br> +<br> +LUXTONE ALMONDOLIVE CREAM. The cream for making flesh and banishing<br> +wrinkles. Price $1.00.<br> +<br> +LUXTONE COLD CREAM. The cream that cleanses clear through. Price 50c,<br> +25c.<br> +<br> +LUXTONE CUCUMBER CREAM. The only cream for sunburn. Price 50c.<br> +<br> +Manufactured only by<br> +BLANCHE W. MOE,<br> +314 W. 42nd Street NEW YORK, N. Y.<br> +<br> +<img style="width: 352px; height: 275px;" alt="" src="images/314Pic.jpg"><br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +<img style="width: 338px; height: 335px;" alt="" src="images/315Pic.jpg"><br> +<br> +Look for our Trade Mark<br> +<br> +El Perfecto<br> +Veda Rose Rouge<br> +A WONDERFUL BEAUTIFIER<br> +<br> +Sold in the highest class stores in many places all over the world. It<br> +is famous for giving a perfectly natural tint to the cheeks.<br> +<br> +This article of great merit has been manufactured by the El Perfecto<br> +Veda Rose Co. for over fourteen years, is harmless and never fails to<br> +give satisfaction. Any rouge bordering on the shade of El Perfecto Veda<br> +Rose is an imitation. Use the original which is known to be the most<br> +perfectly natural shade ever before manufactured.<br> +<br> +El Perfecto Veda Rose CO.<br> +SAN FRANCISCO, CAL.<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +SANDHOLM'S SKIN LOTION is a clear liquid used externally. Eradicates all<br> +skin and scalp trouble by absorbing the germ--returns the skin to normal<br> +condition. IT HAS NO EQUAL for<br> +<br> +Salt rheum, Eczema, Rash, Tetter (Herps), Scald head, Milk scald, Plant<br> +poisoning, Hives, Mosquito bites, Small burns or scratches, Barbers'<br> +Itch, Parasitic diseases, Scaly or scabby eruptions of the skin, Itching<br> +piles, Acne, Psoriasis, Pimples, Blackheads, Cracked hands and lips,<br> +etc. A perfect antiseptic after shaving.<br> +<br> +WHAT IS MORE DESIRABLE THAN A CLEAR, HEALTHY SKIN? Remove the blotches,<br> +Pimples and hideous red marks by the free use of SANDHOLM'S LOTION. When<br> +used as a massage, Sandholm's Lotion is the greatest skin beautifier<br> +ever discovered, and produces that velvety softness of the skin which is<br> +so much admired. One trial will convince you of its merits.<br> +<br> +Manufactured by<br> +SANDHOLM DRUG CO.<br> +Des Moines, Iowa<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +ABILENA<br> +America's Truest and Purest Natural Laxative.<br> +One of the most remarkable of all natural phenomena is the<br> +FAMOUS WELLS OF ABILENA<br> +from which flows a perfect laxative water.<br> +<br> +Scientists of today, with the accumulated knowledge of 1,000 years to<br> +guide them, have not been able to manufacture a harmless, non-irritating<br> +laxative which relieves constipation and stimulates the liver as AbilenA<br> +Water does.<br> +<br> +You will never need laxative medicines of any kind--pills, tablets,<br> +capsules, salts, artificial waters--if you occasionally drink a<br> +wine-glass of AbilenA when conditions call for a laxative or cathartic.<br> +<br> +AbilenA comes to you pure--just as it flows from the Famous Wells of<br> +AbilenA--harmless as the water you drink--clear, sparkling, vitalizing.<br> +It flushes and cleanses the system thoroughly, and in the gentlest way<br> +possible. Instead of irritating the delicate membranes of the stomach<br> +and bowels, as drugs and artificial waters are very apt to do, it<br> +relieves congestions and soothes these membranes, and it stimulates<br> +liver activities.<br> +<br> +There is no magic in the name, AbilenA, nor no special virtue simply<br> +because it happens to be America's only natural cathartic water, but its<br> +splendid clinical value and effect is due solely to the fact that<br> +AbilenA is almost wholly pure and true Sodium Sulphate--the world's<br> +truest representative of this ideal laxative and reconstructive base,<br> +All the other waters on the markets are largely solutions of Epsom<br> +salts, consequently are nauseous, harsh and irritating. The same thing<br> +is more or less true with pills, powders and the manufactured<br> +cathartics.<br> +<br> +AbilenA is a safe, sure, inexpensive laxative and cathartic, convenient<br> +and pleasant to take, suited for old and young alike, a cure for<br> +constipation and biliousness, and truly the ideal family remedy.<br> +<br> +AbilenA is America's Only Bottled Natural Cathartic Water.<br> +<br> +We will mail, free, upon application, "The Natural Method," an<br> +interesting booklet on the importance of normal elimination and a study<br> +of the comparative values of the better known cathartics.<br> +<br> +THE ABILENA COMPANY<br> +Frank M. Gier, M. D., Pres.<br> +ABILENE, KAN.<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +<img style="width: 325px; height: 266px;" alt="" + src="images/318PicA.jpg"><br> +<br> +THE SAD STORY OF MY FATHER'S GREAT SUFFERING FROM CANCER<br> +<br> +Read the following and be convinced. There's hope for you.<br> +<br> +Forty-five years ago my father, who was himself a doctor, had a vicious<br> +cancer that was eating away his life. The best physicians in America<br> +could do nothing for him. After nine long years of awful suffering, and<br> +after the cancer had totally eaten away his nose and portions of his<br> +face (as shown in his picture here given) his palate was entirely<br> +destroyed together with portions of his throat. Father fortunately<br> +discovered the great remedy that cured him. He lived over 40 years and<br> +no return of the disease.<br> +<br> +The same discovery has now thousands who were threatened with operation<br> +and death. And to prove that this is the truth we will give their sworn<br> +statement if you will write us. Doctors, Lawyers, Mechanics, Ministers,<br> +Laboring Men, Bankers and all classes recommend this glorious<br> +life-saving discovery, and we want the whole world to benefit by it.<br> +<br> +HAVE YOU CANCER, Tumors, Ulcers, Abscesses, Fever Sores, Goitre, +Catarrh,<br> +Salt-Rheum, Rheumatism, Piles, Eczema, Scald Head, or Scrofula in any +form?<br> +<br> +Ask your Druggist for MIXER'S CANCER & SCROFULA SYRUP.<br> +<br> +It will cost you nothing to learn the truth about this wonderful home<br> +treatment without the knife or caustic. And if you know anyone who is<br> +afflicted with any disease above mentioned, you can do them a Christian<br> +act of kindness by telling them of our great treatment and how to get<br> +it.<br> +<br> +Forty years' experience guarantees success. Ask your Druggist for<br> +illustrated Booklet FREE, showing half tones of many people cured, with<br> +their testimonials.<br> +<br> +Manufactured by<br> +MIXER MEDICINE CO., 151 Jefferson St., HASTINGS, MICH.<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +YOUR FEET<br> +as well as any part of your body, should be properly treated and taken<br> +care of. If you are in need of a positive and GUARANTEED Remedy,<br> +something entirely different from the every-day-SO-CALLED "CORN CURES,"<br> +an article for removing CORNS and CALLOUSES, and for Relief of PAINFUL<br> +BUNIONS--Buy a 25c tube of<br> +<br> +Goodwin's Chiropody Corn Salve<br> +<br> +<img style="width: 120px; height: 305px;" alt="" + src="images/318PicB.jpg"><br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +For tired, aching, swollen, bad-smelling or burning feet there is<br> +nothing to compare with<br> +Goodwin's Foot powder.<br> +These articles are for sale and recommended by your druggist.<br> +Man'f'd by<br> +Goodwin German Foot Remedy Co.<br> +Chicago, Ill.<br> +<br> +<img style="width: 312px; height: 203px;" alt="" + src="images/318PicC.jpg"><br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +<img style="width: 515px; height: 367px;" alt="" src="images/319Pic.jpg"><br> +<br> +Strong's<br> +Arnica Tooth Soap<br> +Cleanser and Mouth Wash In One<br> +<br> +Polishes the teeth to dazzling whiteness, while its fragrant antiseptic<br> +foam reaches every part of the mouth--neutralizing all tooth-destroying<br> +acids, preventing discoloration and decay.<br> +<br> +Strong's Arnica Tooth Soap<br> +comes in a handy metal box--nothing to break or spill. A convenient cake<br> +that insures beautiful teeth, healthy, gums and a sweet breath. At your<br> +druggist, 25 cents.<br> +<br> +Strong's Arnica Jelly<br> +Keeps Your Skin Smooth<br> +No need to endure the discomfort of sunburn or winter chapping. Apply<br> +with finger tips, rub gently into pores. In collapsible metal tubes, 25<br> +cents.<br> +<br> +NOTE.--If your druggist does not have these goods, send price to us. We<br> +will forward them prepaid.<br> +<br> +Guaranteed under the Food and Drug Act, June 30, 1906. Serial No. 1612<br> +C. H. STRONG & CO., Chicago, U. S. A.<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +Delays are dangerous<br> +unexpected changes are apt to bring on Coughs and Colds.<br> +<br> +MARES COUGH BALSAM<br> +will not allow a Cold or Cough to run to the dangerous point. It checks<br> +the irritation and drives out the inflammation. If you have children you<br> +ought to have a bottle of this medicine on the mantel. 25c a bottle at<br> +all Drug Stores.<br> +<br> +Mares Cathartic Capsules tone the stomach, help the liver and clean the<br> +bowels.<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +FOR WOMEN<br> +ORANGE BLOSSOM<br> +Dr. J. A. McGill's Famous Female Suppositories<br> +Are a famous remedy for all female diseases.<br> +The Orange Blossom is simple and harmless.<br> +Every lady can treat herself.<br> +Suffering women call and get a free sample and book telling how<br> +At the store where you got this book. $1.00<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +Grube's Method<br> +After 3 minutes, no pain!<br> +For Complete Eradication of<br> +TOE CORNS, SOLE CORNS, BUNIONS, CALLOUSES, SOFT CORNS, HEEL<br> +CORNS.<br> +<br> +Kills the Seed. Leaves Smooth Skin<br> +<br> +One Drop Corn Remover<br> +<br> +ADVISE no cutting with knife.<br> +<br> +USE eraser to remove hard part. Rub well.<br> +<br> +APPLY "One Drop," covering corn completely to kill seed of the trouble;<br> +cover it with tissue paper; peel it off third day.<br> +<br> +RESULT a normal smooth skin. Put cotton between toes when soft corns.<br> +<br> +PRICE 25 CENTS<br> +<br> +When Properly Applied, Gives Relief in 3 Minutes.<br> +<br> +EXCELSIOR CHEMICAL COMPANY, 3100 State Street, Chicago.<br> +<br> +For Sale at the Store where you got this book.<br> +<br> +<img style="width: 518px; height: 338px;" alt="" src="images/321Pic.jpg"><br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +"Look Out for the Pennies, and the Dollars Will Take Care of Themselves"<br> + +--An Old Saying<br> +<br> +Look Out For the Blood Cells and the Body Will Take Care of Itself<br> +<br> +You can't expect to be well, or to ever accomplish much in the world if<br> +the blood and nerve cells are lacking strength and vitality. As the<br> +blood races through your body--head and brain, every little cell should<br> +be brim full of life and power. Then you feel the vim and "go" that will<br> +make you a power among your fellow men. No nervousness, no indecision,<br> +no signs of the weakling if you use Dr. Hoag's<br> +<br> +CELL TISSUE TONIC<br> +<br> +The great nerve and tissue builder. This goes straight to the cells of<br> +the blood and enriches them and puts new strength into them so they can<br> +combat and throw off disease.<br> +<br> +This is undoubtedly the greatest and grandest REBUILDER AND STRENGTHENER<br> +that modern medicine has produced.<br> +<br> +Cell Tissue Tonic is particularly recommended for Paleness and Weakness,<br> +Debilitation, Stomach and Bowel Trouble (of both infants and adults),<br> +Hysteria, Fainting Spells, Insomnia (sleeplessness) and Poor<br> +Assimilation of Food.<br> +<br> +All druggists sell Dr. Hoag's Cell Tissue Tonic. Price $1.00 per bottle.<br> +Or it is sent direct upon receipt of price. Address Dr. C. A. Hoag<br> +Company, 25 West Kinzie St., Chicago, Ills.<br> +<br> +Dr. Hoag's "Home Doctor Book" contains instructions on care of sick and<br> +sick room as well as much other valuable information. Sent to anyone<br> +FREE upon request.<br> +<br> +DR. C. A. HOAG CO., Chicago, Ill.<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +Wright's Rheumatic Remedy<br> +Wright's Catarrhal Balm<br> +Two Great Medicines<br> +<br> +These well known Canadian Medicines are of a high order of excellence<br> +and of the greatest value. Prompt in action and relief.<br> +<br> +Try a bottle of WRIGHT'S RHEUMATIC REMEDY for your rheumatism. It<br> +dissolves Uric acid quickly, stops pain, takes out the grit in the<br> +joint, establishes a good circulation, very soon puts the patient on the<br> +road to ease and comfort. A truly wonderful medicine. One dose a day.<br> +Usually one bottle sufficient. Just one Dollar.<br> +<br> +All Singers, Speakers, Voice users, Children, in fact everybody should<br> +use WRIGHT'S ANTISEPTIC CATARRH BALM. It clears out the head, stops the<br> +ringing noises, heals the tender places, keeps the germ away, gives the<br> +clear voice, clean throat, and free air passages. "Just a little on the<br> +finger tip" inserted in the nostril during the day, and upon retiring<br> +works wonders. Keep a box handy, it saves the doctor bill. 50 cents per<br> +box.<br> +<br> +The Wright Medicine Co.<br> +PERU, INDIANA<br> +or from<br> +The Central Drug Co.<br> +Cor. State & Washington Sts., CHICAGO, ILL.<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +ONE OF THE "THINGS WORTH KNOWING" IS THAT<br> +Dr. J. D. Kellogg's Asthma Remedy<br> +DOES RELIEVE Asthma and Hay Fever<br> +25 CENTS AND ONE DOLLAR<br> +Free Sample on Request<br> +NORTHROP & LYMAN CO., Inc. Buffalo, N. Y.<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +One of the Best External Remedies Known<br> +<br> +The Dr. D. P. Ordway Plasters<br> +<br> +A broad statement, yet true. Better than filling the system up with +drugs.<br> +<br> +Rheumatism, Weak Lungs, Asthma, Backache, Lumbago, Strains, Bronchitis,<br> +Female Weakness and all other transient aches and pains. A strengthening<br> +support wherever applied.<br> +25c each<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +We are headquarters for A. P. W. Brand Toilet Paper. A light, soft<br> +tissue of the finest quality, made from absolutely clean, pure stock.<br> +<br> +We will deliver anywhere in the city 10,000 sheets and a handsome<br> +nickel-plated holder for the sum of $1.00<br> +<br> +Send us a trial order and be convinced that the A. P. W. Brand is not<br> +only the best but also the most economical toilet paper on the market.<br> +<br> +CENTRAL DRUG COMPANY, Chicago or Detroit<br> +INDEPENDENT DRUG COMPANY, Chicago<br> +AUDITORIUM PHARMACY COMPANY, Chicago<br> +ASHLAND DRUG COMPANY, Chicago<br> +CONGRESS DRUG COMPANY, Chicago<br> +STANDARD DRUG COMPANY, Cleveland<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +RAT-NOX<br> +Destroys Rats, Mice and Roaches<br> +<br> +(Do not die in house)<br> +<br> +Most economical and effective remedy.<br> +<br> +In self sealing boxes made with a view to convenience in handling,<br> +15 and 25 cents.<br> +OMEGA NOVELTY COMPANY, Milwaukee, Wis.<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +Test It Yourself--FREE<br> +<br> +A real Hair Restorative? Yes--that's just it--a real one at last--one<br> +that invigorates the roots and promotes the restoration of the hair to<br> +its original beauty, luxuriance and color.<br> +<br> +Better than any argument is the Restorative itself--for you to try. We<br> +are only too glad to throw ourselves wholly on the merits of Golden Rule<br> +Hair Restorative, so we years ago set aside thousands of dollars to<br> +spend on big free Sample bottles.<br> +<br> +If we didn't know what our preparation would do this would be reckless<br> +extravagance. But we do know and believe that the quickest way to help<br> +you to find it out is to place a bottle of it in your bands.<br> +<br> +We know the annoyance of having one's hair fall and turn gray, perhaps<br> +while you are still young. It is the result perhaps of some unusual<br> +worry or care, but that does not prevent friends and neighbors from the<br> +knowing nod that says, "Growing old."<br> +<br> +Not so, it is only a run down condition of the roots of the hair--just<br> +as the body gets run down. But you should not permit this. It is not<br> +necessary and this needless look of age impairs your usefulness and<br> +popularity in society and business.<br> +<br> +Golden Rule Hair Restorative simply invigorates the roots--waking them<br> +up--toning them up--rejuvenating them until they are rendered lively and<br> +vigorous as in youth, The obvious result is that the growth of the hair<br> +is promoted. Hair can starve and wither like any plant that gets its<br> +life from its roots. If the roots are vigorous and healthy, the hair is<br> +bound to be natural.<br> +<br> +We want you to accept a large sample bottle with our compliments.<br> +<br> +We want you to know what a remarkable remedy this is. If you don't need<br> +it yourself, get it for some friend. The truth is, however, that<br> +everyone should use Golden Rule Hair Restorative as a dressing for the<br> +Hair to keep it healthy, just as you use a dentrifice to keep the teeth<br> +dainty and healthy.<br> +<br> +Get this bottle and try it. Remember its continued use tends to stop<br> +hair from falling by promoting a vigorous growth of healthy hair.<br> +Remember that it restores color to the hair. It is harmless and a trial<br> +will convince you that it is just what we claim for it. Send to us<br> +today, enclosing 10c to pay postage and packing, and the bottle will<br> +come by first mail--in a plain wrapper with full explanations.<br> +<br> +The Citizens' Wholesale Supply Co.<br> +Department C. - Columbus, Ohio<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +Have You Piles?<br> +Why Suffer Longer When ROSSMAN'S PILE CURE IS AT HAND<br> +<br> +44-1/2 South St., Glens Falls, N. Y., June 3, 1909.<br> +G. A. McKinstry, Hudson, N. Y.<br> +Dear Sir:--By the advice of my druggist, Mr. Bert H. Bentley. I bought<br> +and used your Pile Cure and have found it a wonder. I have been around<br> +the world and have used all kinds of salves, but never found anything<br> +equal to yours.<br> +<br> +In the year 1900 I enlisted in the U. S. Regulars and went to the<br> +Philippines. Was operated upon for hemorrhoids and was all right for<br> +three months. When itching developed, went to the hospital, where I was<br> +told I had itching piles.<br> +<br> +I have been doctoring for nine years for same and found no relief until<br> +I used a box of Rossman's Cure. I think it wonderful.<br> +<br> +Wishing you further success, I remain,<br> +Yours very truly,<br> +WM. F. CARTER.<br> +Subscribed and sworn before me this 3rd day of June, 1909<br> +J. E. POTTER, Notary Public.<br> +<br> +Mailed on receipt of price, 50 cents.<br> +Geo. A. McKinstry Successor to A. McKinstry & Son, Druggists<br> +609 Warren Street, HUDSON. N. Y.<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +Don't Wait<br> +<br> +Until tomorrow before you investigate our method of treating Drug,<br> +Liquor and Tobacco addictions with Hill's Chloride of Gold Tablets.<br> +<br> +Do it Now<br> +<br> +We remove desire of patients we accept for treatment, if directions are<br> +followed, and do it without pain or suffering. Can be given Secretly<br> +without the knowledge of the patient. Testimonials SENT FREE. Give it a<br> +Trial. For sale by Druggists, or sent on receipt of $1.00.<br> +<br> +THE OHIO CHEMICAL WORKS<br> +TOLEDO, OHIO.<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +There may be other Remedies nearly as good,<br> +but there are none better than<br> +ATH-LO-PHO-ROS<br> +Searles' Remedy for<br> +Rheumatism and Neuralgia<br> +Write us for Our Booklets<br> + ATHLO-OINTMENT<br> + for Stiff and Sore Joints<br> +<br> +ATHLO-TABLETS<br> +for Constipation<br> +<br> +THE ATHLOPHOROS COMPANY<br> +New Haven, Conn.<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +Scheffler's Instantaneous Hair Colorine<br> +By the use SCHEFFLER'S HAIR COLORINE, the hair may be colored eight<br> +natural shades.<br> +<br> +No. 1. Black No. 2. +Dark Brown<br> +No. 3. Light Brown No. 3a. Medium Brown<br> +No. 4. Dark Drab No. 5. Light Drab<br> +No. 6. Auburn No. 7. Blonde<br> +<br> +This colorine has been the recognized standard for 25 years and is easy<br> +to apply. Directions come with each box. The shades obtained by the use<br> +of Scheffler's Hair Colorine are natural looking also leaves the hair<br> +soft and glossy.<br> +<br> +NEW YORK HAIR COMPANY<br> +737 Broadway, N. Y. City.<br> +Sole Agents and Distributors<br> +For Sale where you got this book. Price $1.00<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +NEW KIND SALTED PEANUTS<br> +Did you ever try them? If not, you ought to ask your Druggist,<br> +Confectioner or Grocer for them at once and insist on having no other<br> +kind but "Marple Bros. New Kind Salted Peanuts." If you buy them once<br> +you will never again buy any of the other cheap kinds.<br> +<br> +Our peanuts are prepared so different from the old way, making them very<br> +nutritious and healthy. They are especially favored by the ladies to<br> +serve at all social functions. Once you try them, you will always buy<br> +them. Put up only by<br> +<br> +MARPLE BROS., Toledo. O. For Sale where you got this book.<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +TANGLEOOT<br> +THE ORIGINAL<br> +FLY PAPER<br> +For more than 25 years the standard of quality<br> +All others are imitations<br> +<br> +<img style="width: 416px; height: 272px;" alt="" + src="images/328PicA.jpg"><br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +THE BEST PERFUMES ARE MADE BY<br> +SEGUIN ET CIE<br> +FRENCH PERFUMERS<br> +WE CARRY A FULL LINE<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +<img style="width: 145px; height: 199px;" alt="" + src="images/328PicB.jpg"><br> +<br> +The Hygeia nursing bottle, with a wide mouth food-cell and a breast, is<br> +the safest, cleanest, most natural, and simple nursing bottle for the<br> +feeding of infants. Mothers will make no mistake if they buy the Hygeia.<br> +It will save them much anxiety and trouble in feeding their babies.<br> +<br> +It is widely and generally known, and stands at the head of all nursing<br> +devices. Be sure you get the Hygeia. The name is on the breast-nipple;<br> +also, on the food receptacle. Beware of imitations! Beware of<br> +infringements!<br> +<br> +On sale by all druggists.<br> +Manufactured by the HYGEIA NURSING BOTTLE CO.<br> +1336 Main St. Buffalo, N. Y.<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +All of our stores sell<br> +THE NEW BACHELOR CIGAR<br> +It's one of the best sellers<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +W. P. Cabler's<br> +ROOT JUICE<br> +(Compound)<br> +<br> +TONES, SOOTHES and HEALS the Mucous Linings of the Stomach, Bowels and<br> +Bladder, INVIGORATES the Liver and Kidneys. UNSURPASSED for General<br> +Debility, Nervous Weakness, Stomach troubles, Kidney affections and<br> +General Break-Down. The quick, beneficial results obtained from the use<br> +of ROOT JUICE is surprising thousands of people throughout the country.<br> +The compound is certainly a remarkable TONIC STOMACHIC and seems to<br> +benefit from the very start, all who take it.<br> +<br> +Manufactured by W. P. Cabler ROOT JUICE MED. CO., Fort Wayne, Ind.<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +I-DE-LITE<br> +CLEANS-DUSTS-POLISHES<br> +all varnished or waxed woodwork, floors, pianos, furniture, white<br> +enamel, automobile bodies with ease and satisfaction.<br> +<br> +A spoonful on a dampened cheese cloth wiped over the varnish and<br> +polished with a dry cheese cloth will pick up all the dust, remove the<br> +grease, smoked or blued spots, cover scratches and restore the original<br> +lustre or finish.<br> +<br> +I-DE-LITE does not contain alcohol, ether, turpentine, benzine, vinegar,<br> +common paraffine or coal oil, anyone of which will in time ruin fine<br> +varnish.<br> +<br> +Easy to apply, a pleasant and purifying odor.<br> +<br> +Manufactured by<br> +OSCAR S. RHOADS. FORT WAYNE, IND.<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +What is SALIODIN?<br> +Quantitative and Qualitative Analyses<br> +SALIODIN<br> +DENSTEN<br> +<br> +Manufactured by the Saliodin Chemical Co.<br> +SCRANTON. PA.<br> +SALIODIN<br> +Dose, Grs. X to XXX<br> +1 Oz.<br> +<br> +<br> +FORMULA<br> +Each Grs. xx of Saliodin contains approximately:<br> +Salicylic Acid, (Aceto-Salicylate), Grs. xv<br> +Iodine (Iodate) Equivalent to Iodide Potass, Grs. xv<br> +Acetic Acid (Acetate) Equiv. to Acetate Potass, Grs. v<br> +Aconite, Equiv. to Tr. Aconite R. Gtts. iv<br> +Bryonia, Equiv. to Tr. Bryonia, Gtts. v<br> +Colchicum, Equiv. to Vin Colchicum R. Gtts. xv<br> +Capsicum, Equiv. to Tr. Capsicum Gtts ii<br> +Oil Gaultheria, m iii<br> +<br> +Saliodin is an "Iodated Aceto-Salicylate with Adjuvants" and the<br> +specific treatment for every form of uric acid diathesis. "Saliodin" is<br> +a solvent and eliminant of uric acid and is a happy combination of<br> +Salicylic Acid, Iodine, Acetic Acid, Aconite, Bryonia, Colchicum,<br> +Capsicum and Gaultheria and chemically appears in the form of a pink<br> +greyish powder soluble in water 1 to 3--dose grs. X to grs. XXX for the<br> +exclusive use of physicians--put up in one-ounce bottles; price, per<br> +ounce, $1.50. Is manufactured only by the Saliodin Chemical Co.<br> +"Saliodin" is specifically indicated in Rheumatism. Gout, Neuralgia,<br> +Malaria and La Grippe; is analgesic, antipyrectic, an intestinal<br> +antiseptic, diaphoretic, diuretic, expectorant, deobstruent, sialagogue,<br> +cholagogue, emmenagogue, gouocococidal, anti-syphilitic and alterative.<br> +Doctor, you may prescribe Saliodin with confidence wherever iodine or<br> +salicylate is indicated. Used both internally and externally.<br> +<br> +No Iodism, no Salicylism. Not less than 15 grains at a dose to adults,<br> +and in acute cases repeat every 2 or 3 hours or oftener. In gonorrhoea,<br> +Saliodin is a specific.<br> +<br> +Peter Van Schaack & Sons, 138 Lake St., Chicago, Ill. +Depositary and<br> +Distributers for Chicago and tributary district.<br> +<br> +London Agents: Messrs. Thomas Christy & Company.<br> +<br> +Send for samples and literature to the Saliodin Chemical Co., Scranton,<br> +Pa., U. S. A.<br> +<br> +Guaranteed under the Food and Drug Act of June 30, 1906. No. 383.<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +<img style="width: 521px; height: 749px;" alt="" src="images/331Pic.jpg"><br> +<br> +THE TRAINED NURSE OF THE EMERGENCY WARD OF YOUR HOME.<br> +<br> +As a Mouthwash<br> +As a Gargle<br> +For the Teeth<br> +For Cuts<br> +For Burns<br> +For Wounds<br> +For Boils<br> +Or Mosquitoes<br> +For Insects<br> +For Bee Stings<br> +For the Complexion<br> +Prevents Pimples and Blotches<br> +For the Bath--Relieves Skin Eruptions<br> +For the Toilet--Destroys Body Odors<br> +After Shaving gives instant relief to tender Skins<br> +In all cases of emergency meeting anticipation at all times in a hundred<br> +different ways.<br> +<br> +THE GENUINE BEARS THIS SIGNATURE<br> + CONSUMERS COMPANY<br> +<br> +<br> +CONSUMERS COMPANY 35TH & BUTLER STS.<br> +CHICAGO<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +Don't Forget To Try "Queen Bess" Perfume<br> +<br> +One drop of "Queen Bess" has in it the fragrance of a garden in<br> +bloom--delicate--subtile, clinging, haunting, and elusive--it does not<br> +force itself upon the senses--it just seems as though it should be.<br> +<br> +If you are particularly critical in your choice of perfumes, let us<br> +convince you in the most forceful way possible that "Queen Bess" is what<br> +you have been looking for and could not find.<br> +<br> +That you may be able to see this matter of "perfumes" from our<br> +standpoint, we will give you a free sample upon your presenting coupon<br> +in the back of this book, at the store where you got it.<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +A GOOD TOILET WATER<br> +<br> +But note what that adjective means--"Good." The good things of this life<br> +are none too many in number, and unfortunately we are forced in nearly<br> +every instance to prove at our own expense the superiority or<br> +inferiority of each article, or commodity--whether it be an investment,<br> +a friend or a household necessity.<br> +<br> +A true toilet water is not a luxury--it is an absolute necessity to<br> +those who appreciate the highest form of health and appearance.<br> +<br> +A true toilet water invigorates and adds to the general health of the<br> +skin tissues.<br> +<br> +A true toilet water relieves skin irritations--unreliable imitations<br> +aggravate them. It is the imitation that is the most costly sort of<br> +luxury.<br> +<br> +The Toilet Water de luxe is Baldwin's Vivian Violet. It is made of only<br> +the best material, and in its composition--it is the triumph of the art<br> +of distillation,<br> +<br> +The odor of Vivian Violet Toilet Water is delicate though lasting and<br> +delightful to the most refined taste.<br> +<br> +Baldwin's products have a reputation of 40 years behind them. When<br> +buying your Face Powder, Perfumes and Toilet Water insist on Baldwin's.<br> +<br> +Guaranteed under the Food and Drug Act. June 30, 1906. Serial No. 29077.<br> +The Baldwin Perfumery Co., Chicago<br> +Perfume, 50c per oz.<br> +Toilet Water, 4 oz. bot. 50c.<br> +Face Powder. 50c box<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +"ITS USE IS A FINE HABIT"<br> +DROSIS<br> +<br> +The snow white odorless powder does not check perspiration.<br> +<br> +Easy to use and its effect lasts for hours.<br> +<br> +Takes all the odor out of perspiration without injurying the skin or the<br> +clothing--a pure antiseptic powder.<br> +<br> +Is highly recommended by physicians as the best antiseptic and deodorant<br> +powder for destroying offensive odors of the body.<br> +<br> +Its wonderful soothing qualities makes it indispensable in the home.<br> +Relieves chafing, scalding, sunburn, windburn and nothing can equal it<br> +after shaving. For bad smelly feet it has no rival.<br> +<br> +DROSIS DESTROYS ALL ODORS<br> +from excessive perspiration, not by overpowering with another odor, but<br> +by its own process of elimination, effects an entire absence of any odor<br> +whatsoever,<br> +<br> +DROSIS IS NOT ABSORBED BY THE PORES<br> +and is a necessity, positively indispensable on the toilet table of<br> +every lady.<br> +<br> +DROSIS CONTAINS NO ALUM<br> +Use Drosis freely after the bath. Write us for a sample<br> +THE DROSIS COMPANY, 44 Lewis Block, Buffalo, N. Y.<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +Reduce Your Weight By Bathing<br> +Use Louisenbad Reduction Salt<br> +(for The Bath)<br> +<br> +Removes superfluous fat and gives a slender firm, stylish figure. Merely<br> +use a little twice a week in warm water when taking a bath. No need of<br> +taking drugs or starving yourself; no need of devoting hours to tiresome<br> +exercise, or of wearing uncomfortable reducing garments. Louisenbad<br> +Reduction Salt enters the pores in a natural way, prevents formation of<br> +superfluous fat and reduces it where it exists by transforming the fat<br> +into strength giving blood and muscle. It brings to your own tub the<br> +salts such as are found in the reducing bath springs of<br> +Europe--patronized by royalty, famous for centuries. Endorsed by the<br> +Medical Profession. Praised by those who have used it.<br> +<br> +Wash Away Your Fat<br> +<br> +Reduce it by a refreshing, toning bath. Give Louisenbad Reduction Salt a<br> +fair trial. Price $1 per package or 6 packages for $5. For sale at all<br> +first class Drug Stores or sent in plain sealed wrapper, express prepaid<br> +on receipt of price by<br> +<br> +Karl Landshut,<br> +127 Dickey Building Chicago<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +<img style="width: 322px; height: 370px;" alt="" src="images/333Pic.jpg"><br> +<br> +GUILD'S GREEN MOUNTAIN<br> +THE TRIED AND TRUE.<br> +ASTHMA CURE<br> +<br> +Guaranteed under the Food and Drug Act. June 30, 1906. Serial No. 495.<br> +<br> +This unrivaled remedy is the result of many years study and experience<br> +in the special treatment of diseases of the lungs and throat, by Dr. J,<br> +H. Guild, graduate of New York Medical College and New York +Chemical<br> +Laboratory, a practitioner in Bellevue and New York Charity Hospital,<br> +and a physician of recognized ability and distinguished eminence. This<br> +article has been the standard remedy for Asthma for a quarter of a<br> +century. It has found its way on its own merits to every civilized<br> +country on the globe. The growing demand, its great popularity and<br> +general use stamp it as absolutely the most successful and satisfactory<br> +remedy that has ever been placed on the market. No other preparation has<br> +met with such great and uniform success as a permanent cure of Acute or<br> +Chronic Asthma, especially Spasmodic Asthma. Hay Fever, etc. Absolutely<br> +harmless; can be used by the most delicate with perfect safety, whether<br> +young or old, and never falls to give immediate relief and perfect<br> +satisfaction. Thousands of testimonials from all over the world are<br> +reciting the most marvelous cures. The remedy is handled by all leading<br> +wholesale drug houses. Ask your drug house for it.<br> +<br> +LARGE SIZE, $1.00.<br> +SMALL SIZE, $0.25.<br> +DR. J. H. GUILD; Rupert, Vt.<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +CARMICHAEL'S GRAY HAIR RESTORER<br> +Positively Restores Gray or Faded Hair to Its Natural Color<br> +<br> +Is not a Dye, but a Restorative.<br> +<br> +Clear as water, absolutely harmless, odorless and clean. Contains no<br> +Sulphur, Lead, or nothing of a sticky or greasy nature. Besides<br> +restoring it to its natural shade, it renders it soft and fluffy. No<br> +matter how long your hair has been gray, faded or bleached, Carmichael's<br> +Gray Hair Restorer will bring it back to its original color.<br> +<br> +$1.00 Per Bottle or 6 Bottles for $5.00 Money Back Guarantee<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +CARMICHAEL'S QUININE HAIR TONIC<br> +<br> +Makes the hair soft and fluffy, prevents the formation of dandruff and<br> +the falling out of the hair. Invigorates the scalp and stimulates the<br> +growth of the hair.<br> +<br> +This Tonic when used in conjunction with Carmichael's Gray Hair Restorer<br> +simply works in a marvelous manner, "not only removing dandruff and<br> +stopping the falling out of the hair," but in some way the combination<br> +of the two, gives the hair a most beautiful, glossy tint, which<br> +everybody so much desires.<br> +<br> +Price 50c a Bottle<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +SORORITY GIRL TOILET REQUISITES<br> +<br> +Our purpose is to supply only the best and highest grade "Toilet<br> +Preparations" that can be made. These articles possess not only useful,<br> +but healthful properties, free from all deleterious and dangerous<br> +substances, therefore, we can positively guarantee them.<br> +<br> +Sorority Girl Massage +Cream +25 and 50 cts.<br> +Sorority Girl Skin +Tonic +25 and 50 cts.<br> +Sorority Girl Vanishing +Cream 50 +cts.<br> +Sorority Girl Hygienic Bath +Oil 50 cts.<br> +Sorority Girl Beauty +Powder +50 cts.<br> +Sorority Girl Rouge (Paste and Liquid) 25 cts.<br> +Sorority Girl Eye-Brow +Pencils 10 cts.<br> +Sorority Girl Toilet +Water +50 cts. and $1.00<br> +Sorority Girl Non-Alcoholic Perfume 75 cts.<br> +Sorority Girl Perfume, per +oz $1.00<br> +<br> +Beware of imitations and so-called "just as good" preparations. Insist<br> +on having the genuine "Sorority Girl" articles.<br> +<br> +R. A. CARMICHAEL & CO., Detroit, Michigan<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +Without Cost,<br> +We will prove to you<br> +<br> +That Young's Victoria Cream is a better cream for your complexion than<br> +you have ever used before. That there is simply nothing like it for<br> +keeping the skin in perfect condition. Being made from the sweetest<br> +absorbable oils it is a perfect skin food. It is antiseptic and will<br> +remove pimples and eruptions. As a bleaching cream for freckles, tan and<br> +brown patches there is nothing equal to it. All we ask of you is to try<br> +it.<br> +<br> +Please use the FREE COUPON given in another part of this book.<br> +<br> +Young's Victoria Cream, Powder and Soap give the same good results that<br> +you get in a beauty parlor. Hundreds of parlors are using these goods in<br> +their work. Young's Victoria Cream, 25 and 50 cents per box; Powder, 35<br> +cents per box; Soap, 15 cents per cake. Do try this splendid Cream at<br> +our expense.<br> +<br> +Frederick H. Young & Co.<br> +TOLEDO, OHIO<br> +<br> +<img style="width: 480px; height: 452px;" alt="" src="images/335Pic.jpg"><br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +<img style="width: 229px; height: 559px;" alt="" src="images/336Pic.jpg"><br> +<br> +BYRUD'S<br> +SURE<br> +Corn and Wart Cure<br> +STOPS THE PAIN AT ONCE<br> +Clean and Easy<br> +Not a plaster to slide all over your foot and make it sore<br> +Not a greasy salve.<br> +No rags.<br> +JUST PAINT IT ON.<br> +PRICE 15 CENTS<br> +Byrud's Instant Relief<br> +Stops Pain and Promptly Cures<br> +Sprains +Bruises Toothache<br> +Neuralgia +Sciatica Pleurisy<br> +Pains in back Pains in chest Swellings<br> +Frost bites +Bronchitis Chilblains<br> +Croup +Cramps +Lumbago<br> +Stiff Joints +Rheumatism Tonsilits<br> +Hoarseness Sore +throat Boils<br> +All Inflammations +Ulcerated Teeth<br> +<br> +Byrud's Instant Relief is the safest and most powerful external Remedy<br> +made. Byrud's Instant Relief is absorbed so readily an quickly that it<br> +penetrates to the seat of pain and gives immediate relief. Instant<br> +Relief does not contain any cocaine, morphine or other opiates.<br> +<br> +Price 25 cents at all Druggists<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +TO BREAK UP A COLD IN TWENTY-FOUR HOURS!<br> +<br> +Cure Any Cough That is Curable<br> +<br> +Get from the drugstore, and mix together in a large bottle, 2 ounces of<br> +glycerine, 8 ounces of pure whisky and 1/2 ounce of virgin oil of pine.<br> +Shake well and take a teaspoonful every four hours. It will quickly heal<br> +any irritation of the mucous surface in throat and bronchial organs.<br> +<br> +This formula was used and recommended for many years by the late Dr. W.<br> +A. Leach, who claimed it would break up a cold in twenty-four hours and<br> +cure any curable cough. The well-known healing properties of pine, in<br> +its action on the respiratory organs, are present in the genuine virgin<br> +oil of pine. This, combined with its absolute freedom from opiates and<br> +narcotic drugs of any description, makes it an invaluable remedy for the<br> +family medicine chest.<br> +<br> +In the case of young children, a drop of the pine on a little sugar<br> +provides a pleasant, as well as effective remedy for coughs and colds.<br> +Oil of pine is also frequently used in this way by preachers and public<br> +speakers, to relieve hoarseness and other affections of the vocal<br> +organs. Its effect is almost instantaneous. The genuine virgin oil of<br> +pine is put up in half-ounce vials for dispensing through druggists and<br> +prepared only in the laboratories of the Leach Chemical Co., Cincinnati,<br> +O., who guarantee its freshness and purity.<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +Is Your Stomach Wrong?<br> +Suffer with Constipation, Sluggish Liver,<br> +Dyspepsia, Feel Bad All Over?<br> +YOU NEED A COURSE OF<br> +HOLLISTER'S<br> +ROCKY MOUNTAIN TEA<br> +<br> +It Neutralizes the stomach, cleanses the Mucus Membranes, assimilates<br> +the food you eat, thus giving you all the good there is in your meals,<br> +regulating the bowels perfectly. For Dyspepsia, sour and distressed<br> +stomach, do not take large doses but prepare every morning one full dose<br> +by pouring boiling water over a heaping teaspoonful of the Mixture and<br> +let it draw out the strength take of the Tea so prepared one-fourth of<br> +this amount after each meal and at bed time. TRY IT. YOU WILL BE<br> +SURPRISED AT THE RESULT AFTER A WEEK'S TREATMENT. An unfailing Remedy<br> +for SICK HEADACHES, RHEUMATISM, BLOOD DISEASES, and all STOMACH, KIDNEY,<br> +LIVER and BOWEL DERANGEMENTS. Write us care DEPT. C. for special advice<br> +to meet the requirements of your case. If not sold by your dealer send<br> +us 35c for a large package, double the size of any 25c package. One<br> +package contains more health and life giving principles than $5.00 worth<br> +of any other remedy. The Genuine by<br> +Hollister Drug Co., Madison, Wis.<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +Stomach and Liver Trouble<br> +<br> +Quickly Cured<br> +<br> +Mayr's Wonderful Stomach Remedy is a positive remedy for all Stomach,<br> +Liver and Intestinal Trouble, Gastritis, Indigestion, Dyspepsia,<br> +Pressure of Gas around the Heart, Sour Stomach, Distress After Eating,<br> +Nervousness, Dizziness, Fainting Spells, Constipation, Congested and<br> +Torpid Liver, Yellow Jaundice, Sick Headache and Gall Stones.<br> +<br> +The above ailments are caused by the clogging of the intestinal tract<br> +with mucoid and catarrhal accretions, backing up poisonous fluids into<br> +the stomach, and otherwise deranging the digestive system. I want every<br> +sufferer of these diseases to test this wonderful treatment. You are not<br> +asked to take this treatment for a week or two before you will feel its<br> +great benefits--only one dose is usually required. I say, emphatically,<br> +it a positive, permanent remedy and I will prove it to you if you will<br> +allow me to.<br> +<br> +The most eminent specialists declare that 75 per cent of the people who<br> +suffer from Stomach Trouble are suffering from Gall Stones. I firmly<br> +believe that this remedy is the only one in the world that will cure<br> +this disease. Sufferers of Stomach and Liver troubles and Gall Stones<br> +should not hesitate a moment, but purchase this remedy at once. I would<br> +be pleased to send you the names of people who state they have been<br> +cured of various aliments and speaking the highest praise of this<br> +medicine. Don't suffer with agonizing pains--don't permit a dangerous<br> +surgical operation, which gives only temporary relief, when this<br> +medicine will permanently help you.<br> +<br> +You are not asked to take this treatment for a week or two before you<br> +feel its great benefits. One dose is all that is necessary to prove its<br> +wonderful powers to benefit.<br> +<br> +Absolutely harmless. Guaranteed by the Pure Food and Drug Act. Serial<br> +No. 25793.<br> +<br> +GEO. H. MAYR, Mfg. Chemist<br> +Mayr Bldg, 154-156 Whiting Street<br> +CHICAGO<br> +For Sale and Recommended by Central Drug Stores and Others,<br> +Price $1.00 a Bottle.<br> +Worth $100.00.<br> +<br> +<img style="width: 374px; height: 668px;" alt="" src="images/339Pic.jpg"><br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +Crown Headache Powders<br> +<br> +A Quick Relief and a Reliable Remedy for Sick Headache, Neuralgia and<br> +Nervous Affections, Headache Caused by Over-eating, or Drinking, Sudden<br> +Change, or Exposure, Overwork or Fatigue. An Excellent Remedy for a Bad<br> +Cold or LaGrippe.<br> +<br> +DIRECTIONS:--Place one powder dry on the tongue and swallow with a<br> +draught of water, or, if convenient, with warm tea or any other warm<br> +drink. Repeat in twenty minutes if necessary. For children in proportion<br> +to age.<br> +<br> +For a Cold or LaGrippe take one powder with three grains of quinine and<br> +a warm drink at bed-time.<br> +<br> +Trade Mark registered and guaranteed by The F. A. Weck Company under the<br> +Food and Drugs Act, June 30, 1906. Serial No. 3101.<br> +<br> +These powders contain no Morphine, Opium, Anti-pyrine or chloral.<br> +<br> +Price 10 cents a package of 4 powders; or 25 cents a box of 12 powders.<br> +<br> +If you are unable to obtain them from your druggist send us the price in<br> +stamps and we will forward them to you by return mail.<br> +<br> +THE F. A. WECK CO.<br> +Manufacturing Pharmacists<br> +5210 Shattuck Ave., BERKELEY, CAL.<br> +<br> +<img style="width: 598px; height: 445px;" alt="" src="images/340Pic.jpg"><br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +USE IN THE PRIVACY OF YOUR BOUDOIR<br> +And no one need know that you were ever troubled with superfluous hair<br> +growths.<br> +<br> +You will find<br> +MANDO<br> +FOR SUPERFLUOUS HAIR<br> +not only a painless, inexpensive depilatory, but a harmless one as well.<br> +Used successfully for 15 years.<br> +<br> +Don't Experiment With Dangerous Depilatories<br> +<br> +Any druggist will tell you that the market is now being flooded with<br> +preparations loudly claiming to permanently remove superfluous hair<br> +growths.<br> +<br> +Such depilatories often do more harm than good, leaving behind tiny<br> +scars or blemishes, or a tell-tale redness on the skin--ofttimes even<br> +injuring the delicate texture.<br> +<br> +Isn't it better and safer to buy a preparation like MANDO that has been<br> +successfully used by thousands of women during the past 15 years. A<br> +depilatory of established reputation among druggists and department<br> +stores.<br> +<br> +Simply go to any of the Central Drug Co.'s stores and ask for convincing<br> +proof of Mando's power.<br> +<br> +A generous sample will be given free.<br> +<br> +Mando leaves no scars, blemishes or red marks on the most delicate skin.<br> +<br> +If you would rather write us confidentially do so.<br> +<br> +Josephine LeFevre Co., Phila.<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +Worth Its Weight In Gold<br> +But It Only Costs a Quarter<br> +DR. JUCKET'S COMPOUND SALVE<br> +is a boon and a blessing for all Cuts, Burns, Bruises, Sunburns and<br> +Sprains.<br> +<br> +It should always be on hand for emergencies. This wonderful curative<br> +Salve is a specific for Kidney Disease, Pleurisy, Bronchitis, Piles,<br> +Sore Back and Neuralgia.<br> +<br> +Its effect is immediate and soothing. Comes in compact form, sealed in<br> +foil, and always retains its strength.<br> +<br> +Full directions in each package.<br> +Price 25c---at your druggist<br> +<br> +<img style="width: 425px; height: 281px;" alt="" src="images/342Pic.jpg"><br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +<img style="width: 510px; height: 139px;" alt="" + src="images/343PicA.jpg"><br> +<br> +Noblesse Toilet Preparations<br> +The Highest Possible Standard of Purity<br> +<br> +Guaranteed by Noblesse Laboratories under the Pure Food and Drugs Act of<br> +June 30, 1906 Serial No. 21811<br> +<br> +Skin Food & Form Builder<br> +Feeds the tissue, strengthens the muscles and obliterates wrinkles.<br> +Price 50c<br> +<br> +Natural Blush Rouge<br> +Gives a natural tint to pale cheeks and Lips. Price 25c<br> +<br> +Natural Blush Rouge Liquid<br> +Gives natural tint to pale cheeks and lips. Price 25c<br> +<br> +Noblesse Cleansing Cream<br> +A substitute for soap and water, keeps the skin smooth, clear and<br> +healthy. Price 50c<br> +<br> +Noblesse Cream Bouquet<br> +is the best Greaseless, Antiseptic, Liquid Face Cream obtainable; it is<br> +excellent in cases of Sunburn Tan, Chafed and Chapped Skin. Also used by<br> +Gentlemen of discretion after shaving. Price 25c<br> +<br> +Noblesse Finger Nail Powder<br> +Gives a brilliant and lasting polish and preserves the nail. Price 25c<br> +<br> +Noblesse Tooth Powder<br> +For cleansing and preserving the teeth, and purifying the breath. +Price<br> +25c<br> +<br> +Noblesse Depilatory Powder<br> +Removes superfluous hair without pain or injury. Price $1.00<br> +<br> +Noblesse Delightful Face Powder<br> +Is chemically pure and keeps the skin as smooth as satin. Three<br> +shades--Naturelle, Brunette and White. Price 50c<br> +<br> +Skin Whitener and Flush Worm Eradicator<br> +Cleanses the pores of black-heads, pimples, freckles and moth patches<br> +and bleaches the skin. Price 50c<br> +<br> +<img style="width: 300px; height: 268px;" alt="" + src="images/343PicB.jpg"><br> +<br> +For Sale and Recommended by<br> +Central Drug Co., Detroit & Chicago<br> +Congress Drug Co., Chicago<br> +Ashland Drug Co., Chicago<br> +Independent Drug Co., Chicago.<br> +Auditorium Pharmacy Co., Chicago<br> +Standard Drug Co., Cleveland<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +<img style="width: 188px; height: 265px;" alt="" + src="images/344PicA.jpg"><br> +<br> +Crane's Celebrated Lotion<br> +For the Hair and Head. Removes Dandruff and Scurf.<br> +<br> +Prevents the Hair from falling out. Promotes its growth and Cures Scale<br> +Heads.<br> +50c and 75c PER BOTTLE<br> +<br> +It is not a dye, will not discolor the hair. Made in Newark for the last<br> +61 years. Use no other. Send us 10c for sample free.<br> +<br> +RAY S. G. MFG. CO. Manufacturers<br> +44 Wakeman Ave. Newark, N. J.<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +ALBANY CHEMICAL CO.<br> +Manufacturing Chemists<br> +ALBANY, N. Y .<br> +A full line of Medicinal, Photographic and Technical Chemicals.<br> +Call for A. C. Co. Brand.<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +Bryans' Great Asthma Remedy<br> +<br> +A faithful trial will convince anyone of the true merit and worth of<br> +Bryans' Asthma Remedy, Professor P. J. De Lara, of Detroit, Mich., says:<br> +<br> +"I cannot speak too highly of Bryans' Asthma Remedy; which has been so<br> +beneficial to me. For over thirty years I have suffered with Asthma and<br> +have spent thousands of dollars for medicines from the best specialists<br> +in Europe and America without any relief, and up to three months ago I<br> +lost hope in any kind of treatment; some reputable doctors told me I<br> +never could be cured. I then heard of Bryans' Asthma Remedy and took on<br> +myself to try it. The result astonished me. After using nine or ten<br> +boxes the disease abated and by degrees left me, and I am glad to say<br> +that I have no more of those severe spasmodic attacks and consider<br> +myself permanently cured."<br> +<br> +Bryans' Asthma Remedy, 10, 25 & 50 cent Metal Boxes. Made only by<br> +<br> +Bryans' Drug House, Rochester, N. Y.<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +STRAUS BROTHERS COMPANY<br> +Established 1879<br> +Distillers, Importers<br> +Telephone Main 2892 and Automatic 8892<br> +203-205 East Madison Street, CHICAGO<br> +<br> +<img style="width: 127px; height: 336px;" alt="" + src="images/344PicB.jpg"><br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +IT IS SOMETHING WORTH KNOWING THAT RIKER'S ANTISEPTIC TOOTH<br> +POWDER<br> +Cleanses without wearing, Polishes without scratching.<br> +<br> +And Keeps the Mouth always in Perfect Condition.<br> +<br> +See coupon in the back part of this book, tear it out and get a free<br> +sample. It will be worth the trouble. Also ask to see other Riker<br> +Requisites for the Toilet. They will interest you.<br> +<br> +<img style="width: 163px; height: 177px;" alt="" + src="images/345PicA.jpg"><br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +THE SAMURAI PERFUME CO.<br> +Yokohama New York<br> +Importers and Manufacturers<br> +PERFUMES, POWDERS, CREAMS, SOAPS, ROUGES, SACHETS, ORIENTAL<br> +ODORS EXCLUSIVELY<br> +Corylopsis<br> +Sandalwood<br> +Orange Blossom<br> +Cherry Blossom<br> +Flowery Kingdom<br> +Geisha<br> +Lotus<br> +Rajah<br> +Mikado<br> +Delhia<br> +Ask your dealer for a sample of Samurai Greaseless Massage Cream and<br> +Corylopsis Talcum, or write us. Dept. C.<br> +Save Money by buying our 1 lb. size can Corylopsis Talcum.<br> +PRICE 25C<br> +<br> +<br> +</big><big><img style="width: 80px; height: 245px;" alt="" + src="images/345PicB.jpg"></big><big><img + style="width: 176px; height: 483px;" alt="" src="images/345PicC.jpg"><br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +WONDERFUL MISSION of THE INTERNAL BATH<br> +<br> +By means of THE "J. B. L. CASCADE"<br> +<br> +Have you read of the wonderful cures made by the Internal Bath? Do you<br> +know that it goes to the root of all disease and eradicates the cause?<br> +Do you know that many of the greatest physicians in the world endorse<br> +and prescribe this treatment, and also that among its patrons are some<br> +of the most distinguished people in all parts of the world, as well as<br> +hosts of others from whom we have grateful letters, which we should be<br> +pleased to furnish to those interested upon application?<br> +<br> +Do you know that an occasional Internal Bath is a better preventive of<br> +illness and preserver of health than any other single means? Do you know<br> +that it makes beautiful complexions? Do you know it cures constipation<br> +and prevents and cures appendicitis? The record of its benefits reads<br> +like a revelation to those hitherto unacquainted with it.<br> +<br> +It is used by means of the "J.B.L. Cascade"--the only scientific<br> +appliance for this purpose--by hundreds of the best known people in all<br> +parts of the world, by innumerable ministers, lawyers, and those persons<br> +whose intelligence gives unequivocal weight to their testimony.<br> +<br> +It is known that seven-tenths of all disease arises from the retention<br> +of foreign matter in the human system, also that the greater part of<br> +this waste is held in the colon, which is nature's sewer, hence the<br> +flushing of this sewer removes the greatest cause of disease. While<br> +immeasurably the best treatment for constipation, indigestion, etc.,<br> +there is scarcely any known disease for which the "J.B.L. Cascade" may<br> +not be confidently prescribed.<br> +<br> +This hygienic, drugless treatment saves hundreds of dollars yearly in<br> +doctors' and druggists' bills. We want to send to every reader of this<br> +publication, sick or well, a simple statement setting forth this<br> +treatment. It contains matter which must interest every thinking person.<br> +Write for our pamphlet. "The What, The Why, The Way," which will we sent<br> +free on application.<br> +<br> +TYRRELL'S HYGIENIC INSTITUTE,<br> +Dept. 160 B., 134 W. 65th St., New York City,. U. S. A.<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +<img style="width: 334px; height: 376px;" alt="" src="images/346Pic.jpg"><br> +<br> +"The Old Reliable"<br> +Planten's (Trade Mark)<br> +C&C or Black Capsules<br> +REMEDY FOR MEN<br> +AT DRUGGISTS,<br> +OR TRIAL BOX BY MAIL 50c<br> +FROM PLANTEN,<br> +93 HENRY ST. BROOKLYN, NY<br> +BEWARE OF IMITATIONS.<br> +<br> +Rheumatism & Gout<br> +PROMPTLY RELIEVED BY THE ENGLISH REMEDY<br> +BLAIR'S PILLS<br> +SAFE & EFFECTIVE, 50c & $1<br> +DRUGGISTS.<br> +OR 93 HENRY ST. BROOKLYN, NY.<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +Palmer's<br> +New York<br> +Since 1847<br> +Best Perfumes Made<br> +GUARANTEED TO PLEASE THE MOST FASTIDIOUS<br> +SOLON PALMER, Perfumer, New York<br> +FOR SALE BY<br> +Central Drug Company; Detroit and Chicago<br> +Independent Drug Company; Chicago<br> +Auditorium Pharmacy Company; Chicago<br> +Congress Drug Company; Chicago<br> +Ashland Drug Company; Chicago<br> +Standard Drug Company; Cleveland<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +"Zel"<br> +Transparent Tooth Brushes<br> +Exchanged If Bristles Come Out<br> +As clear and lustrous as crystal glass--Each bunch of bristle, fastened<br> +with an expanding anchor, cannot loosen. Made in a variety of patterns.<br> +For Sale at All Toilet Counters<br> +HOLTON & ADAMS<br> +(INCORPORATED)<br> +Sole Agents for the United States and Canada<br> +29-31 East 22nd St.<br> +Success Magazine Bldg.<br> +NEW YORK CITY<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +<img style="width: 204px; height: 313px;" alt="" + src="images/348PicA.jpg"><br> +<br> +GREAT BATH INVENTION<br> +<br> +Hundreds of rubber fingers massage impurities out. Water flowing through<br> +washes impurities away.<br> +<br> +Knickerbocker Spraybrush<br> +<br> +"Purifies Pores"<br> +<br> +Combines shower-shampoo-massage.<br> +<br> +You won't bathe in water full of body impurities after using a<br> +Knickerbocker Spraybrush<br> +<br> +Slips over any faucet. Bathes you in fresh flowing water--any<br> +temperature desired--without waiting for tub to fill.<br> +<br> +Gives shower--needle spray--and frictional bath. Saves time, labor and<br> +water. Absolutely sanitary and self-cleaning.<br> +<br> +Ideal for scalp massage and shampoo for men and women. No home should be<br> +without one. Absolutely guaranteed for one year.<br> +<br> +Prices, $3.00 to $5.00 according to size and style.<br> +Mail Orders promptly attended to.<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +<img style="width: 319px; height: 286px;" alt="" + src="images/348PicB.jpg"><br> +<br> +The Housekeeper that wants to keep the pans and other kitchen articles<br> +bright and clean, the bath room, tile floors, painted walls and<br> +woodwork, and then take all the stains from the hands,<br> +<br> +MUST USE<br> +Skidoo Soap<br> +A Creamy Paste, in sanitary cans for only 10c.<br> +Sold everywhere.<br> +Made only by<br> +THE YEAZELL-GOLDSTEIN CORPORATION<br> +Columbus, Ohio<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +Dyspepsia Cured Free The Grover Graham Dyspepsia Remedy is sold under a<br> +positive guarantee that it will cure dyspepsia, heartburn, gastritis or<br> +any form of stomach disorder, no matter how chronic or severe. Let us<br> +send you the names and addresses of thousands who have been cured by our<br> +preparation, when all else had failed. The very first dose removes all<br> +distress, tones the weak stomach, prevents fermentation and restores<br> +digestion. When digestion ceases a slow form of starvation begins, and<br> +the vital organs, deprived of their substance, become debilitated. Good<br> +digestion is essential to health; proper assimilation of nourishment<br> +means pure rich blood, strong nerves, sound sleep and makes life worth<br> +living. The most chronic cases of Stomach Disorder are immediately<br> +corrected by our remedy. The Grover Graham Dyspepsia Remedy is prepared<br> +from the McDermott formula, the greatest European Specialist. It is sold<br> +under a guarantee to cure. Instant relief insured. In evidence of good<br> +faith we will send, absolutely free of charge to any dyspeptic who has<br> +not already used our remedy, sufficient of our preparation to<br> +demonstrate its truly wonderful and remarkable properties, Write Grover<br> +Graham Co., Newburgh, N. Y., for full particulars, or purchase a trial<br> +size bottle at the store where you procured "Things Worth Knowing."<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +SPONGES<br> +We are headquarters for sponges of every variety. Our buyer makes sponge<br> +buying a specialty and the selections are most carefully made so that<br> +our reputation for carrying the finest and largest assortment in this<br> +market is well known.<br> +<br> +Try Our 40 and 60 B:<br> +<br> +Genuine Mediterranean Bath Sponges--Bleached<br> +<br> +These goods, though not perfect shapes, are as strong and durable and<br> +just as fine quality as the most expensive grades.<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +<img style="width: 234px; height: 746px;" alt="" + src="images/350PicA.jpg"><br> +<br> +GREAT WESTERN CHAMPAGNE<br> +<br> +Half the Cost of Imported<br> +<br> +Absence of duty reduces its cost 50 per cent.<br> +<br> +Of the six American Champagnes exhibited, Great Western was the only one<br> +awarded the gold medal at Paris exposition, 1900.<br> +<br> +Your grocer or dealer can supply you<br> +<br> +Sold everywhere<br> +Pleasant Valley Wine Co.<br> +Rheims, N. Y.<br> +Oldest and Largest Champagne House in America<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +<img style="width: 325px; height: 656px;" alt="" + src="images/350PicB.jpg"><br> +<br> +I-RON-DE-QUOIT<br> +PORT WINE<br> +If you are sick or run down, or feel the need of a stimulant, it will<br> +pay you to exercise care when making your selection. You need something<br> +that is both a food and a tonic. What could be better than a Pure Wine?<br> +<br> +For seventy-eight years Irondequoit Port has been sought for this<br> +purpose. It is pure, nourishing and distinctive in BODY and FLAVOR, due<br> +to a special grape--the Oporto--of which it is made and of which we are<br> +exclusive growers.<br> +<br> +FOR SALE BY ALL LEADING DRUGGISTS<br> +Irondequoit Wine Company<br> +Rochester, N. Y.<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +Arend-Adamick<br> +Kumyss<br> +<br> +Is a perfect food for Consumptives, Invalids and Convalescents, retained<br> +by the most delicate stomach. Avoid all imitations.<br> +<br> +TELEPHONE AND MAIL ORDERS PROMPTLY FILLED<br> +A. AREND DRUG CO.<br> +G. H. ADAMICK, Manager<br> +Phone, Main 3506 Fifth Ave. and Madison St., Chicago.<br> +To Be Had Where You Got This Book<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +THE 20th CENTURY WONDER<br> +Roachine<br> +Pack Chemical Co. Inc. Waukegan Ill.<br> +KILLS ROACHES AND WATER BUGS<br> +A pleasant odored powder<br> +NOT A FOOD<br> +NOT A POISON<br> +NOT A LIQUID<br> +NOT A PASTE<br> +NOT A CURE ALL<br> +Sold on its merits. You will be a booster if you try it.<br> +YOUR Druggist has IT.<br> +Pack Chemical Co., Inc.<br> +Chicago and Waukegan, Illinois<br> +Our Goods Guaranteed by Us Under the Food and Drugs Act of June 30,1906<br> +Serial Number 27905.<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +<img style="width: 195px; height: 287px;" alt="" + src="images/352PicA.jpg"><img style="width: 257px; height: 182px;" + alt="" src="images/352PicB.jpg"><br> +<br> +Why Not Have BEAUTIFUL HAIR<br> +<br> +If Mother Nature has failed to do her duty by you it's quite easy to<br> +take matters into your own hands<br> +<br> +Empress Instantaneous Hair Color Restorer.<br> +<br> +Will change your faded or gray hair to any shade desired. No after<br> +washing. Just one single application with the Empress, that's all. Fully<br> +guaranteed under the Pure Food and Drug Act.<br> +<br> +10 different shades.<br> +<br> +<br> +Empress Shampoo Soap<br> +<br> +A combination of best vegetable oils, cochin and coconut oil, makes best<br> +shampoo imaginable. Is the most thorough scalp cleaner, relieves scalp<br> +irritation and leaves hair bright, soft, fluffy and easy to make up.<br> +FOR SALE<br> +WHERE YOU GOT THIS BOOK<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +<img style="width: 189px; height: 390px;" alt="" + src="images/352PicC.jpg"><img style="width: 231px; height: 431px;" + alt="" src="images/352PicD.jpg"><br> +<br> +"SOFT SPOTS"<br> +PNEUMATIC CUSHIONS<br> +<br> +Are simply what the name implies; "SOFT SPOTS" of light new air-pumping,<br> +pneumatic rubber, attached to a shapely leather innersole scientifically<br> +made to conform to all pressure of the foot.<br> +<br> +The hermetically sealed globules are air chambers and act as pneumatic<br> +cushions to the entire body, taking up the jar when walking, the weight<br> +of the body when standing, giving infinite relief to the entire Nervous<br> +System<br> +<br> +Worn inside the shoe--leather side up.<br> +Positively Prevent and Cure<br> +NERVOUS HEADACHES<br> +FLAT FEET and FALLEN INSTEPS<br> +CALLOUSES and FOOT TROUBLES<br> +<br> +If your dealer cannot supply you, we will on receipt of price and size<br> +of shoe. Arch Cushions $1.00 Per Pair<br> +<br> +Heel Cushions 25c Per Pair<br> +INTERNATIONAL SPECIALTY CO.<br> +509 SAN SOME ST.,<br> +SAN FRANCISCO, CAL.<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +20 Mule-Team Borax in Packages<br> +<br> +Nature's Great Cleansing Agent--Destroys the Dirt and<br> +SAVES YOUR CLOTHES<br> +by not attacking the fabric or its colors, and is therefore economical.<br> +Not to be confounded with washing powders or so-called "Borax Powders"<br> +most of which contain no Borax, but are heavily adulterated with soda, a<br> +strong alkali which rots, ruins and shrinks the clothes.<br> +<br> +Don't fail to ask your dealer for our valuable booklet<br> +<br> +The Magic Crystal<br> +<br> +<img style="width: 479px; height: 245px;" alt="" + src="images/353PicA.jpg"><br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +You will appreciate the delightful flavors and high quality of<br> +Blue Ribbon Gum<br> +MADE IN SIX FLAVORS<br> +Licorice Cinnamon<br> +Pepsin Spearmint<br> +Mint Blood Orange<br> +Made By<br> +BLUE RIBBON GUM CO.<br> +903 Wrightwood Ave., CHICAGO<br> +<br> +<img style="width: 194px; height: 252px;" alt="" + src="images/353PicB.jpg"><br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +IMMEDIATE RELIEF FOR PAIN AND CONGESTION<br> +<br> +An ointment containing Mustard, Menthol and other curative remedies<br> +which act quickly and powerfully,<br> +<br> +FOR Coughs, Colds in Chest, Pneumonia, Asthma, Bronchitis, Croup,<br> +Sprains.<br> +<br> +FOR Rheumatism, Pleurisy, Headache, Neuralgia, Chilblains, Sore Muscles,<br> +Stiff Joints, Lame Back.<br> +<br> +Wherever there is inflammation, pain or congestion.<br> +<br> +Better than a Mustard plaster. Will Not Blister.<br> +<br> +25c and 50c a Jar at all Druggists<br> +THE MUSTEROLE CO., Cleveland, Ohio<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +ASTYPTODYNE<br> +A Natural Remedy from Natures Healing Pine.<br> +Antiseptic-Styptic-Anodyne.<br> +<br> +Heals all kinds of sores, wounds and cuts. Relieves Pain--Toothache,<br> +Neuralgia, Rheumatism. A splendid remedy for colds, sore throat, and<br> +Bronchial Affections.<br> +<br> +Astyptodyne Healing Oil, Astyptodyne Cough Remedy, Astyptodyne "Tro-Ke,"<br> +<br> +Astyptodyne Croup and Pneumonia Salve.<br> +These and others, are prepared by<br> +Astyptodyne Chemical Company WILMINGTON, N. C.<br> +<br> +Booklet mailed on application<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +A Noted Physician of Much Learning Worked Twelve Years to Get the<br> +ORANGEINE<br> +Formula just right. To relieve pain, he knew he must reach the cause.<br> +<br> +Orangeine does this, better than strong drugs.<br> +<br> +Each dose is a five grain powder, combining seven well known remedies in<br> +perfect balance, to relieve HEADACHE, NEURALGIA, COLDS, GRIP, FATIGUE. A<br> +remedy for general household use. Full formula on every package. This<br> +store has supplied Orangeine Powders for years, with excellent results.<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +<img style="width: 344px; height: 516px;" alt="" src="images/356Pic.jpg"><br> +<br> +The Two Creams Every Woman Needs<br> +PLEXO<br> +<br> +Greaseless Cream<br> +A superb toilet cream of delicate fragrance made from the purest<br> +ingredients. Imparts the velvety softness so much desired by the<br> +well-groomed woman of today. Indispensable to motorists, golfers and<br> +bathers. Protects against the sun and wind. Apply before going outdoors<br> +and massage until it vanishes.<br> +<br> +Cleansing Cream<br> +will positively remove all impurities. Will impart a fresh complexion to<br> +all women striving to retain a fair skin. Plexo Cleansing Cream is<br> +absolutely pure and wholesome having no irritating qualities. Exposure<br> +usually plays havoc with a delicate complexion, but the application of<br> +Plexo Cleansing Cream will keep a most sensitive skin in excellent<br> +condition.<br> +<br> +Try these two creams. They are exactly what you need for keeping your<br> +skin smooth, soft and clear.<br> +<br> +CAN BE HAD AT ALL THE CENTRAL DRUG CO'S STORES.<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +PISO'S REMEDY<br> +the Best Cough and Cold Medicine.<br> +46 Years on the Market.<br> +A copy of Piso's Nursery Rhymes will be mailed free to any applicant.<br> +Address. THE PISO COMPANY. Warren. Pa.<br> +<br> +<img style="width: 241px; height: 422px;" alt="" + src="images/357PicA.jpg"><br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +<img style="width: 139px; height: 344px;" alt="" + src="images/358PicA.jpg"><br> +<br> +FOR HALF A CENTURY<br> +COE'S COUGH BALSAM<br> +Has been the leading remedy for Whooping Cough, Croup, Coughs, Colds,<br> +Asthma and all Throat and Lung Diseases.<br> +<br> +It is the best and cheapest Cough Remedy in the world and will break up<br> +a Cough quicker than anything else. Try it.<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +<img style="width: 258px; height: 188px;" alt="" + src="images/358PicB.jpg"><br> +<br> +HEGEMAN'S CAMPHOR ICE<br> +with Glycerine, for Chapped Hands and Face, Sore Lips, Cold Sores,<br> +Sunburn, Chilblains, Etc.<br> +<br> +Hegeman's Camphor Ice is the original and oldest preparation of the kind<br> +in the world. All others are simply imitations.<br> +<br> +MANUFACTURED BY<br> +THE C. G. CLARK COMPANY,<br> +New Haven, Connecticut.<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +<img style="width: 252px; height: 153px;" alt="" + src="images/359PicA.jpg"><br> +<br> +DAISY FLY KILLER<br> +<br> +THE Daisy Fly Killer is a tightly sealed ornamental metal box provided<br> +with five holes, into which are secured felt wicks, and contains a fly<br> +killing material. When filled with water and the cork replaced, and is<br> +thoroughly shaken (keeping it level), the fly-killing material inside<br> +mixes with the water and is absorbed through the wicks, which become<br> +moist and sweet from the inside contents, the flies being attracted by<br> +the moisture and sweetness in the wicks, get a taste of it and will soon<br> +die, The fly-killing material inside is sufficient to last through the<br> +season, for when the water evaporates there is enough of the fly-killing<br> +material inside to stand many fillings with water and prove effectual as<br> +a fly-killer. After several fillings, it is better to sweeten the water<br> +with a teaspoonful of sugar before putting it in the Daisy.<br> +<br> +Daisy Fly Killer placed anywhere attracts and kills all flies. Neat,<br> +clean, ornamental, convenient, cheap. Lasts all season. Made of metal,<br> +cannot spill or tip over, will not spoil or injure anything.<br> +<br> +GUARANTEED EFFECTIVE<br> +HAROLD SOMERS<br> +Manufacturer<br> +150 De Kalb Ave.<br> +Brooklyn, New York<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +MOST POWERFUL PURGATIVE WATER KNOWN<br> +1/4 The Quantity Required by Others<br> +Absolutely harmless as it contains almost exclusively Sulphate of Soda.<br> +NO REPULSIVE SMELL NOR BITTER TASTE<br> +VILLACABRAS<br> +NOT FOLLOWED BY CONSTIPATION<br> +No Gripes<br> +No Pains<br> +Can be taken indefinitely as a laxative without ill effects.<br> +Invaluable in long standing cases of stubborn constipation:<br> +INFANTS AND ADULTS<br> +HENRY E. GOURD<br> +35 South William Street<br> +NEW YORK<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +Are You Sore?<br> +Sore Head, Sore Nose, Sore Throat?<br> +Sore Lips, Sore Face, Sore Chest?<br> +Sore Muscles, Sore Back, Neuralgia?<br> +COLDS IN THE HEAD?<br> +Catarrh, Fever Blisters?<br> +Sore Joints, Sore Feet?<br> +Frost Bites, Soft Corns?<br> +MUSCULAR RHEUMATISM?<br> +Burns, Cuts, Sprains, Bruises?<br> +Swellings and Inflammations?<br> +Use <span style="font-weight: bold;">Paracamph</span><br> +First Aid To The Injured<br> +It Cools. It Soothes. It Cures.<br> +Unequaled for use after Shaving.<br> +Satisfaction guaranteed or money refunded.<br> +25c, 50c, and $1.00 Bottles. All Druggists.<br> +<br> +<img style="width: 487px; height: 338px;" alt="" + src="images/361_300Pic.jpg"><br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +Hair on the Face<br> +Arms or Neck<br> +can be easily removed--quickly and without pain or irritating the skin.<br> +DELATONE<br> +does the work best of all hair removers. For sale at all Drug Stores.<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +(TRADE MARK)<br> +CELERY-VESCE<br> +GRANULAR EFFERVESCENT<br> +Sold at Your Druggists<br> +10c, 25c 50c and $1.00<br> +For Headache, Neuralgia,<br> +Sweetens the Stomach<br> +Braces the Nerves<br> +Clears the Brain<br> +Pleasant as Cream Soda<br> +SPEEDY, EFFICIENT<br> +HARMLESS<br> +Century Chemical Co.<br> +INDIANAPOLIS, IND.<br> +Address Dept. T. W. K. 1911<br> +"The proof of the pudding is in the eating."<br> +And we want you to test CELERY-VESCE for yourself.<br> +So when sending your own address, if you will send the addresses of a<br> +dozen friends who suffer of HEADACHES or BAD STOMACHS we will send you<br> +by mail a quarter package of CELERY-VESCE free of charge.<br> +WRITE NOW<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +<img style="width: 199px; height: 494px;" alt="" + src="images/364_Pic.jpg"><br> +<br> +THE STANDARD SELF SHINING SHOE POLISH<br> +<br> +Cirage Francais<br> +Or<br> +French Dressing<br> +For<br> +Ladies and Children's<br> +Boots & Shoes<br> +Trunks, Harness, Carriage Tops, &c.<br> +Manufactured by<br> +B. F. Brown<br> +Boston, Mass.<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +<img style="width: 199px; height: 198px;" alt="" + src="images/365_Pic.jpg"><br> +<br> +TRADE MARK REG. U. S. PATENT OFFICE<br> +ALETA HAIR TONIC<br> +For the Cure of<br> +DANDRUFF<br> +<br> +Many who have tried for five and ten years, and have spent hundreds of<br> +dollars for a cure without effect, have had the most pleasing results in<br> +a short time from the use of ALETA. Hard crusts and scales, as well as<br> +the most simple cases of dandruff, yield to the applications of this<br> +remedy. Itching scalps and eczematic troubles are effectually treated.<br> +One of our most prominent physicians made this remark: "IT IS THE FIRST<br> +TIME FOR ME TO HAVE ANY SATISFACTION FROM A DANDRUFF CURE."<br> +<br> +ALETA is applied but once a week. It is as clean as water upon the head;<br> +it contains no oils or other substance to gum the hair or to make it<br> +sticky. IT DOES THE WORK.<br> +<br> +Hair grows faster and looks better when the scalp is clean and healthy,<br> +and there is no remedy which brings these good conditions so readily and<br> +perfectly, as the ALETA<br> +<br> +HAIR TONIC.<br> +ALETA CHEMICAL CO.<br> +DES MOINES, IOWA.<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +GOWANS<br> +PREPARATION<br> +King of Externals<br> +<br> +PRESCRIBED by ethical physicians and recommended by druggists as being<br> +the best preparation on the market for all kinds of Inflammation and<br> +Congestion. Pneumonia, Croup, Colds, Pleurisy and any and all ailments<br> +where Inflammation appears GOWANS subdues and conquers it. Gowans is<br> +absorbant and antiseptic--it acts quickly and with a bottle of Gowans<br> +Preparation in the home you feel absolutely secure. In the Fall, in the<br> +Winter, in the Spring, you know that Croup and Pneumonia come, they must<br> +be combated at once and with a bottle of Gowans Preparation you are<br> +master of the situation. Buy today!<br> +<br> +<br> +Could Not Say Half Enough.<br> +Anything we might say would not be half enough in behalf of the<br> +wonderful results our patrons have derived from the use of Gowans<br> +Preparation. The proof of its efficacy being in the greatly increased<br> +sales, starting by buying a quarter of a dozen the demand has been so<br> +great we now purchase the hundred dollar quantity several times a year.<br> +TRAGLE DRUG COMPANY,<br> +July 16,1910. Richmond, Va.<br> +<br> +<br> +An Excellent Remedy<br> +Claremont, N. C.<br> +GOWAN MEDICAL COMPANY,<br> +Durham. N. C.<br> +Gentlemen:--l have used Gowans Preparation in pneumonia and find it an<br> +excellent remedy--it acts promptly and surely. I recommend its use in<br> +cases of inflammation of any kind.<br> +D. M. MOSER, M. D.<br> +<br> +All Druggists--$l, 50c., 25c. Take no substitute; there is +nothing just<br> +as good. Beware of imitations. Buy Gowans.<br> +<br> +GOWAN MEDICAL CO., Durham, N. C. Chicago, ILL.<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +<img style="width: 266px; height: 336px;" alt="" src="images/367Pic.jpg"><br> +<br> +JETUM & KLENZUM<br> +<br> +JETUM dyes straw hats, all kinds of wood, metal and leather goods.<br> +<br> +KLENZUM<br> +cleans white straw hats.<br> +<br> +JETUM in Black, Blue, Brown, Green, Red and Gray, will dye your old or<br> +rusty hat, and make it look like new.<br> +<br> +JETUM Black will dye tan and white kid shoes, pocket books, belts and<br> +all leather goods. Also anything in wood or metal, such as picture<br> +frames, furniture of all kinds, brass or iron fixtures; in fact anything<br> +you want black USE JETUM.<br> +<br> +A Child Can Do It.<br> +<br> +<br> +THE JETUM CO.<br> +CHICAGO<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +You'll try It won't You?<br> +<br> +<img style="width: 750px; height: 338px;" alt="" src="images/368Pic.jpg"><br> +<br> +Allen's Cough Balsam<br> +for hoarseness, coughs and throat Irritations<br> +HAS THE ENDORSEMENT OF All WHO HAVE USED IT FOR<br> +Coughs and Colds<br> +<br> +A trifling, seemingly insignificant cough, if neglected, works down the<br> +throat to the bronchial tubes and finally to the lungs, and unless<br> +checked, may result seriously. At the first sign of a cough take Allen's<br> +Cough Balsam.<br> +<br> +Bronchitis<br> +Barking, backing, rasping, and irritating the throat are the constant<br> +accompaniments of this disease. Don't delay a minute when you have this<br> +ailment. A few doses of Allen's Cough Balsam will usually bring relief<br> +and frequently break it up.<br> +<br> +Sore Throat, Quinsy, Tonsilitis<br> +These troubles are confined to the throat and breathing tubes, and<br> +should be cured at once, or more serious ailments develop, Allen's Cough<br> +Balsam is prepared for just such cases and has been used for over 50<br> +years.<br> +<br> +Its good effects can be noticed at once.<br> +<br> +<br> +ALLEN'S COUGH BALSAM<br> +Contains no opium in any form. Perfectly harmless.<br> +LARGE, MEDIUM AND TRIAL SIZE BOTTLES.<br> +ALL DEALERS<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +<img style="width: 308px; height: 139px;" alt="" src="images/369Pic.jpg"><br> +<br> +Painkiller is transported to all corners of the earth because nothing as<br> +good can be found to relieve Cramps, Colic, Diarrhoea and similar bowel<br> +complaints; also it quickly reduces the swelling caused by bruises and<br> +promptly drives the pain away. Saves much suffering and many a doctor's<br> +bill.<br> +<br> +READ THIS TRIBUTE:<br> +R. H, Moore, Franklin, Ky., writes:<br> +I have been selling PERRY DAVIS PAINKILLER for 37 years and have often<br> +wondered at the steady sale with so little advertising for same. This I<br> +consider is strong evidence that the remedy has merit, and in fact I<br> +feel assured that I sell but few remedies that would stand this test.<br> +<br> +OF ALL DEALERS IN MEDICINE 25c, 35c, and 50c Bottles<br> +<br> +BEWARE OF SUBSTITUTES AND IMITATIONS THERE'S ONLY ONE<br> +PAINKILLER-PERRY DAVIS<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +Most widely known and endorsed by eminent Specialists--<br> +<br> +BUFFALO LITHIA SPRINGS WATER<br> +<br> + Guaranteed under the Food and Drug Act, June 30, +1906. Serial No. l5055.<br> +<br> +It is a natural spring water, bottled at the springs under directions of<br> +a competent bacteriologist. Corrects all disorders of the Kidneys and<br> +Bladder. Eliminates any excess of Uric Acid in the system. Especially<br> +effective in the treatment of Bright's Disease, Albuminuria, Gout,<br> +Rheumatism, Pyelitis, Cystitis, Gravel, etc.<br> +<br> +Sold by leading druggists and mineral water dealers everywhere.<br> +<br> +BUFFALO LITHIA SPRINGS WATER CO.<br> +Buffalo Lithia Springs, Va.<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +Turn the Gray Hair Back<br> +Bring the Lost Hair Back<br> +<br> +<img style="width: 134px; height: 309px;" alt="" src="images/371Pic.jpg"><br> +<br> +DUPONTS HAIR RESTORATIVE,<br> +the ideal hair preparation, restores gray hair to its natural color, by<br> +giving health and activity to the glands which supply the coloring<br> +pigment from the blood to the hair.<br> +<br> +It brings back lost hair by giving life and vigor to the torpid or<br> +paralyzed scalp nerves.<br> +<br> +It is not a dye, does not stain the skin or scalp.<br> +One bottle will prove its worth. Sold by all druggists.<br> +<br> +Price, $1.00<br> +<br> +MANUFACTURED BY<br> +KELLEY & KNEFLER, CHICAGO<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +DRINK<br> +Rex Bitters<br> +for Constipation<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +DON'T FORGET<br> +KARITH<br> +THE ONLY PERFECT CLEANER<br> +<br> +-FOR-<br> +<br> +WHITE KID<br> +SILKS,<br> +SATINS<br> +VELVETS<br> +CHIFFONS<br> +FEATHERS<br> +FURS<br> +CLEANS WITHOUT INJURY<br> +REMOVES<br> +Grease, Grime, Pitch, Tar, Paint<br> +A Household Necessary<br> +ASK FOR THE LITTLE JUG<br> +10c 25c 50c<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +Guaranteed by the Manufacturer under the<br> +Food and Drugs Act. Serial No. 1177<br> +Lauber's FEMAFORM CONES<br> +Physicians Prescription<br> +Womans Greatest Remedy<br> +SOOTHING AND HEALING<br> +<br> +<img style="width: 504px; height: 283px;" alt="" src="images/374Pic.jpg"><br> +<br> +[Illustration text:<br> +Lauber's<br> +Femaform Cones<br> +Germicide, Antiseptic, Astringent Cones<br> +Non Irritating, Soothing, Healing Cones<br> +Femaform Cones<br> +Always Reliable<br> +Trade Mark<br> +Lauber and Lauber Co,<br> +Chicago, Ill USA<br> +Preventive Of Disease]<br> +<br> +Non-irritating Germicide Antiseptic and Astringent Cones most useful<br> +remedy for all forms of womb complaints. Sold only in boxes, $1.00 per<br> +box at drug stores or direct from the manufacturers by mail.<br> +<br> +Made by<br> +LAUBER & LAUBER CO.<br> +Chicago, Ill., U. S. A.<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +Anyone Can Enjoy This Delightful Turkish Bath At Home--Cost 2 cents<br> +<br> +Surface Bathing Is Insufficient---The Turkish Bath Is The Only Effective<br> +Method Of Purifying The Pores---The "Robinson" Makes All Simple,<br> +Delightful and Economical.<br> +<br> +Here's the rejuvenation cabinet for every home. Here's the producer and +<br> +preserver of clear, clean skin, good spirits, great physical exuberance +<br> +that puts a sharper edge on the enjoyment of living. The "Robinson" <br> +Thermal Bath Cabinet is wonderfully simple. A bath in it costs only 2 <br> +cents and takes only 15 minutes. How much better this is than having to +<br> +go to some hotel or public Turkish Baths and pay out a lot of money for +<br> +something not a whit better and not one-tenth as convenient. Have it in +<br> +your own home and use it every time you feel like it. It will keep you <br> +from going "stale". It will make you bright and care free. The great <br> +physical luxury it affords will be a constant delight to you. Read +below <br> +how you can get our great $2.00 book free. It tells everything.<br> +<br> +Look Out For Substitutes--Make Sure You Get The "Robinson."--It's The<br> +Original Thermal Bath Cabinet<br> +<br> +It is made under the direction of Prof. Charles M. Robinson, the<br> +originator of thermal bath cabinets. It is the one having the four<br> +curtain top enabling you to heat up the cabinet before entering and to<br> +use the cabinet as a cooling room before leaving by dropping the<br> +curtains one at a time.<br> +<br> +[Transcriber's note: The two remaining paragraphs are missing.]<br> +<br> +<img style="width: 562px; height: 446px;" alt="" src="images/375Pic.jpg"><br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +You can depend on<br> +Digesto<br> +because it is the best Malt Extract on the market, only the choicest<br> +materials being used in its manufacture, making a highly concentrated<br> +liquid food.<br> +<br> +Physicians recommend Digesto because of its remedial value to the<br> +convalescent, tired housewife, anaemic women and people in a general<br> +rundown condition. Digesto builds wasted tissues, makes rich, red blood<br> +and aids digestion. For the nursing mother it is nigh indispensable as<br> +an aid to Nature in supplying food for two.<br> +<br> +[Transcriber's note: The remaining text on this page is missing.]<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +<img style="width: 428px; height: 573px;" alt="" src="images/377Pic.jpg"><br> +<br> +Helen Marlowe's "Blush of Roses"<br> +<br> +Helen Marlowe's "Blush of Roses" is a scientifically prepared liquid<br> +rouge so perfectly natural in effect, that its use defies detection on<br> +the closest scrutiny. It is easily applied; a delicate tint is obtained<br> +by one light application; a deeper tint by more than one. Unlike the<br> +majority of rouges now before the public it does not give that blotched<br> +appearance to the face.<br> +<br> +"Blush of Roses" is an absolutely water-proof rouge. Surf bathing will<br> +not remove it. It remains a soft beautiful pink until it is washed off<br> +with pure soap and water. "Blush of Roses" is not removed by<br> +perspiration. "Blush of Roses" is guaranteed to be perfectly harmless.<br> +<br> +"Blush of Roses" is used and highly recommended by the most refined<br> +ladies in private and public life. Price 50 cents. Prepared only by<br> +<br> +HELEN MARLOWE CO., Cincinnati, Ohio<br> +Sold by the Central Drug Co.<br> +Independent Drug Co.<br> +Auditorium Pharmacy Co.,<br> +Ashland Drug Co.,<br> +Congress Drug Co., of Chicago, III.<br> +All stores of Central Drug Co., Detroit, Mich.,<br> +and Standard Drug Co., Cleveland, Ohio<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +DR. MARTELS FEMALE PILLS<br> +18 YEARS THE STANDARD<br> +<br> +A scientifically Prepared Remedy (For Disturbances of the Menstrual<br> +Functions) Sold Only Through the Medical and Drug Profession; for<br> +Medical Purposes Only.<br> +<br> +A FEW REMARKS OF IMPORTANCE TO WOMANKIND<br> +<br> +Dr. Martel's Female Pills is a preparation of unequaled excellence,<br> +which acts as a positive tonic on the female reproductive organs, and<br> +imparts to them the proper functional action nature demands in normal,<br> +healthy women, without untoward action. Dr. Martel's Female Pills<br> +possess only virtues of the highest possible value. It re-establishes<br> +the proper action of the generative organs by restoring their vitality,<br> +and not by merely stimulating them excessively (and temporarily), as do<br> +so many other agents of this class.<br> +<br> +In the treatment of all disturbances of the menstrual functions arising<br> +from debility, anemia or nervousness, Dr. Martel's Female Pills are of<br> +unsurpassed value. This preparation is a uterine and ovarian sedative,<br> +and is of special service in treating congestive and inflammatory<br> +conditions of these organs which are accompanied with unusual pain.<br> +<br> +Amenorrhea.--When the menstrual flow is scanty or suppressed, as a<br> +result of sudden exposure to cold, worry, fright, grief or other violent<br> +mental shocks.<br> +<br> +Menorrhagia.--Profuse menstruation is at once relieved by Dr. Martel's<br> +Pills. The preparation instantly restores vigor to the uterus which has<br> +been lost through the excessive flow of blood. It is advisable to begin<br> +the use of the preparation a few days in advance of the flow in those<br> +cases which are disposed to menstruate profusely at each visitation.<br> +<br> +Menopause.--The nervous and mental disturbances which frequently precede<br> +and succeed the final cessation of ovulation and menstruation respond<br> +readily to the anti-spasmodic and tranquilizing action of Dr. Martel's<br> +Pills. Where hysteria, melancholia, moroseness and despondency are<br> +conspicuous factors, the preparation can be used to great advantage. The<br> +improvement in the mental state of the patient after the administration<br> +of this product is always durable and pronounced.<br> +<br> +Dysmenorrhea.--In the treatment of congestive, neuralgic, mechanical or<br> +membranous types of dysmenorrhea, the action of Dr. Martel's Pills is<br> +particularly gratifying.<br> +<br> +THIS PREPARATION IS OF PARTICULAR VALUE IN THE TREATMENT OF MENSTRUAL<br> +IRREGULARITIES FROM ANY CAUSE, AS ABOVE STATED, WHICH FAIL TO RESPOND TO<br> +OTHER AND ORDINARY MEDICAL REMEDIES.<br> +<br> +It is a well known, and scientifically proven fact, that all women are<br> +not constitutionally or temperamentally alike. Where some respond<br> +readily to one mode of treatment others do not. For this reason we have<br> +prepared a preparation designed for such instances. This remedy is Dr.<br> +Martel's Special Female Pills. $5.00 Box.<br> +<br> +SOLD BY ALL DRUGGISTS<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +Nervous? Suffer From Indigestion, Irregular Kidneys, Bowel Trouble,<br> +Appendicitis, Gall Stones--Here Is Relief<br> +<br> +When your head aches; when your breath is bad; when your bowels or<br> +kidneys are irregular; when your appetite fails or the twinges of<br> +indigestion make you regret each meal; when your nervous system has gone<br> +to pieces--then is your stomach sending its wireless message for help.<br> +<br> +The trouble may be in the stomach itself--indigestion--dyspepsia, and<br> +their nightmare evils.<br> +<br> +The intestinal tract may be deranged or the liver clogged, or it may be<br> +gall stones. Your case may not have reached the gall stone stage. It may<br> +be of a different nature--threatened appendicitis, for example. In any<br> +case, whether it be bad stomach, torpid liver or weakened and inflamed<br> +bowels--the answer to that wireless should be Fruitola and Traxo.<br> +<br> +These are two remarkable preparations used in combination, which for the<br> +past 20 years and more have released thousands from the pangs of<br> +dyspepsia and have saved as many from operations for gall stones and<br> +appendicitis.<br> +<br> +Fruitola cleanses, lubricates and soothes all the channels of the<br> +digestive system, without the least pain, griping or resulting weakness.<br> +It is nutritive in effect. It revives the appetite, clears the way for<br> +perfect digestion and thorough assimilation, allows Nature to make pure<br> +blood, firm flesh, strong muscles, healthy tissue and store up vital<br> +energy. A whole bottle of Fruitola is to be taken at once; this to be<br> +followed by small doses of Traxo to complete the strengthening and<br> +toning effect on the stomach, to insure regular, natural action of<br> +bowels and kidneys and to give permanence to all the benefits of the<br> +treatment. The gentle action of Traxo on the kidneys removes waste and<br> +by keeping the liver active it frees the general circulation of bile--it<br> +clears the eye and complexion and brings the glow of health to the<br> +cheeks.<br> +<br> +Pinus, the great rheumatism remedy, has saved thousands of sufferers<br> +after long years of agonizing attacks. Joints swollen and misshapen by<br> +Inflammatory Rheumatism, nerves and muscles overpowered by the intense<br> +misery of Chronic Rheumatism and Sciatica have been restored to health<br> +and strength--pain and swelling banished by the marvelous properties of<br> +Pinus, a product of California's wonderful soil and sun.<br> +<br> +Fruitola, Traxo and Pinus are guaranteed under the Pure Food and Drugs<br> +Act. They are entirely vegetable and there is not a single ingredient<br> +that can harm the most sensitive system when taken as directed. They are<br> +made from the natural products of California, the land of health and<br> +sunshine.<br> +<br> +Stop your suffering and suspense at once. Get the most wonderful<br> +remedies from your druggist today. If he doesn't have them he can get<br> +them for you promptly. Every wholesale druggist keeps them. Get our<br> +booklet anyway and read the living testimony. If not at your druggist's,<br> +write us.<br> +<br> +PINUS MEDICINE CO., Los Angeles. Cal.<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +O-B-E-S-I-T-Y,<br> +C-A-V-E-C-K T-A-B-L-E-T-S<br> +<br> +A Reducing Tonic<br> +Successful, Harmless and Positive<br> +When Directions are Followed.<br> +<br> +The Way To Do.<br> +<br> +There are just three ways of reducing fat: starvation, exercise and<br> +medical treatment. Anyone can reduce by starvation methods. Let him eat<br> +nothing for three weeks and the fat will drop from his bones, but the<br> +after effects are bad. Debilitated looking wrinkles. Use Gaveck Tablets,<br> +eat most anything.<br> +<br> +K-E-E-P Y-O-U-N-G<br> +by not taking on flesh. That makes one look old and flabby. Gaveck<br> +Tablets are harmless, a reducing tonic to the system. Give them a fair<br> +trial. Beware of imitations.<br> +<br> +DO NOT DIET<br> +Gaveck Company Chicago<br> +4611 Kenmore Ave.<br> +Price $1.00<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +Coupon for Free Samples<br> +Present this coupon at any drug store named on the back hereof and +receive<br> +absolutely free a sample cake of<br> +STIEFEL'S<br> +SUPERLATIVE<br> +BORACIC ACID SHAMPOO SOAP<br> +one of a great many varieties of Stiefel's Medicinal Soaps which have +for more than a<br> +quarter of a century been the stand-by of physicians everywhere.<br> +Name______________________<br> +City ______________________ State___________<br> +Address ___________________________<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +Free Coupon<br> +This Coupon is worth 25 cents.<br> +When signed will entitle the holder to one trial box of Young's Victoria<br> +Cream at any drug store named on the back.<br> +The coupon and 25 cents in cash for one large box of Cream or the coupon<br> +and 10 cents for a box of Victoria Powder.<br> +Name ______________________________<br> +Address_____________________________<br> +MUST BE WRITTEN PLAINLY<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +[Transcriber's note: These addresses are on the back of the two coupons +<br> +on the previous page.]<br> +<br> +The Central Drug Company, 32 North State Street, Chicago<br> +<br> +Independent Drug Company, 203 State Street, Chicago<br> +<br> +Auditorium Pharmacy Company, 320 Wabash Avenue, Chicago<br> +<br> +Ashland Drug Company, Clark and Randolph Streets, Chicago<br> +<br> +Congress Drug Company, Wabash Ave. and Van Buren St., Chicago<br> +<br> +The Central Drug Company, 219 Woodward Avenue, Detroit<br> +<br> +The Central Drug Company, 89 Woodward Avenue, Detroit<br> +<br> +The Central Drug Company, 153 Grand River Avenue, Detroit<br> +<br> +The Standard Drug Co., (10 Stores), Cleveland<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +The Central Drug Company, 32 North State Street, Chicago<br> +<br> +Independent Drug Company, 203 State Street, Chicago<br> +<br> +Auditorium Pharmacy Company, 320 Wabash Avenue Chicago<br> +<br> +Ashland Drug Company, Clark and Randolph Streets, Chicago<br> +<br> +Congress Drug Company, Wabash Ave. and Van Buren Street, Chicago<br> +<br> +The Central Drug Company, 219 Woodward Avenue, Detroit<br> +<br> +The Central Drug Company, 89 Woodward Avenue, Detroit<br> +<br> +The Central Drug Company, 153 Grand River Avenue, Detroit<br> +<br> +The Standard Drug Co., (10 Stores), Cleveland<br> +<br> +</big> +<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><big><br> +<img style="width: 569px; height: 676px;" alt="" src="images/383Pic.jpg"><br> +<br> +J. A. POZZONI'S<br> +COMPLEXION POWDER<br> +<br> +A luxurious toilet necessity--producing a smooth, velvety complexion.<br> +Its impalpable fineness and softness makes Pozzoni's cooling, refreshing<br> +and beautifying to the most delicate skin.<br> +<br> +THINGS WORTH KNOWING ABOUT POZZONI'S<br> +THEY ARE MERITS ALL ITS OWN<br> +A. The only powder put up in a wooden box which retains all the delicate<br> +perfume and medication until entirely used up.<br> +B. Perfumed with genuine Tyroline Rose Geranium<br> +C. On the market since 1874.<br> +D. A powder whose flesh color is an exact imitation of the skin<br> +E. The only powder which really clings and won't rub off.<br> +F. Our "special pink." A powder that is not a rouge.<br> +<br> +</big> + + + + + + + +<pre> + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Handy Cyclopedia of Things Worth +Knowing, by Joseph Triemens + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HANDY CYCLOPEDIA *** + +***** This file should be named 20190-h.htm or 20190-h.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + http://www.gutenberg.org/2/0/1/9/20190/ + +Produced by Don Kostuch + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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