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+The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Handy Cyclopedia of Things Worth Knowing, by 
+Joseph Triemens
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: The Handy Cyclopedia of Things Worth Knowing
+       A Manual of Ready Reference
+
+Author: Joseph Triemens
+
+Release Date: December 26, 2006 [EBook #20190]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ASCII
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HANDY CYCLOPEDIA ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Don Kostuch
+
+
+
+
+[Transcriber's Notes]
+
+This is one of the first books I remember reading as a child. Some of
+the items are thoughtfully written, like how to write checks. Many
+others are just rumors or careless opinions. Some are "racy" ads. Many
+articles are lead-ins to the advertisements. Whatever their truth, they
+are interesting reading, calculated to draw the attention of drug store
+customers of 1910.
+
+The text of the advertisements have been reproduced along with the
+accompanying graphics. Correct grammar and punctuation has been sacrificed
+to preserving the original format of the ads.
+
+"Mother's Remedies, Over One Thousand Tried and Tested Remedies from
+Mothers of the United States and Canada" (Gutenberg EText 17439) is a
+book for a similar audience, but without advertisements.
+
+Here are the definitions of some unfamiliar (to me) words.
+
+aperients
+  Laxative.
+
+averment
+  Assert formally as a fact.
+
+biliousness
+  Peevish; irritable; cranky; extremely unpleasant or distasteful.
+
+bill of attainder
+  Legislative determination imposing punishment without trial.
+
+bodkin
+  Small, sharply pointed instrument to make holes in fabric or leather.
+
+carnelian
+  Pale to deep red or reddish-brown.
+
+catarrhal
+  Inflammation of a mucous membrane, especially of the respiratory
+  tract, accompanied by excessive secretions.
+
+cholera morbus
+  Acute gastroenteritis occurring in summer and autumn; symptoms are
+  severe cramps, diarrhea, and vomiting.
+
+conspectus
+  General or comprehensive view; survey; digest; summary.
+
+copperas
+  Ferrous sulfate.
+
+cumulation
+  Accumulation, heap, mass.
+
+diathesis
+  Constitutional predisposition.
+
+disseised
+  Dispossess unlawfully or unjustly; oust.
+
+emercement (amercement)
+  Fine not fixed by law; inflicting an arbitrary penalty.
+
+emoluments
+  Payment for an office or employment; compensation.
+
+Erebus
+  Greek Mythology;  the dark region of the underworld through which the
+  dead must pass before they reach Hades.
+
+erraticism
+  Deviating from the usual conduct or opinion; eccentric; queer.
+
+histologist
+  One who does anatomical studies of the microscopic structure of animal
+  and plant tissues.
+
+impecuniosity
+  Having little or no money; penniless; poor.
+
+indurated
+  Hardened; obstinate; unfeeling.
+
+inheres
+  Inherent or innate.
+
+intendent
+  Title of various government officials or administrators.
+
+Irondequoit
+  Town of western New York on Lake Ontario and Irondequoit Bay, near
+  Rochester.
+
+lees
+  Sediment settling during fermentation, especially wine; dregs.
+
+luxation
+  Displacement or misalignment of a joint or organ.
+
+Marque (letter of)
+  Commission granted by a state to a private citizen to capture and
+  confiscate the merchant ships of another nation.
+
+meerschaum
+  Fine, compact, usually white clay-like mineral of hydrous magnesium
+  silicate, H4Mg2Si3O10, used for tobacco pipes, building stone and
+  ornamental carvings. Also called sepiolite.
+
+Orfila
+  Mathieu Orfila (1787-1853). Chemist, founder of toxicology.
+
+pearlash
+  Potassium carbonate.
+
+prosody
+  Study of the metrical structure of verse.
+
+Prussian blue
+  Dark blue crystalline hydrated compound, Fe4[Fe(CN)6]3.xH2O; ferric
+  ferrocyanide.
+
+putrescible
+  Liable to decay or spoil or become putrid.
+
+quassia
+  Shrub or small tree of tropical America, Quassia amara. Prepared form
+  of the heartwood, used as an insecticide and in medicine as a tonic to
+  dispel intestinal worms
+
+quoits
+  Game; player throws rings of rope or flattened metal at an upright
+  peg, attempting to encircle it or come as close to it as possible.
+
+rotten stone
+  Porous, lightweight, siliceous sedimentary rock; shells of diatoms or
+  radiolarians or of finely weathered chert, used as an abrasive and a
+  polish.
+
+saltpetre
+  Potassium nitrate, KNO3.
+
+sciatica
+  Pain extending from the hip down the back of the thigh and surrounding
+  area.
+
+spatulate
+  Shaped like a spatula; rounded like a spoon.
+
+sustension
+  Sustaining.
+
+Tete d'armee
+  Head of Army.
+
+theine
+  Caffeine.
+
+towardliness
+  Apt to learn; promising; docile; tractable; propitious; seasonable.
+
+[End Transcriber's Notes]
+
+
+
+Every Purchase
+Save You Money
+AT
+THE CENTRAL
+
+Save money on your Drug Store Merchandise by buying at the Central. We
+carry everything in Drugs Toilet Article, Rubber Goods, Sundries,
+Candies, Cigars, etc.
+
+You will be surprised at our low prices and quick service and pleased
+with our complete stocks.
+
+We carry a complete line of Burke's Home Remedies. Burke's Home Remedies
+are sold under the Money Back Guarantee.
+
+3 STORES IN DETROIT
+
+CENTRAL DRUG CO.
+
+Main Store 219 Woodward Ave.
+
+Branch Stores
+89 Woodward Ave.     153 Grand River Ave.
+Detroit, MICH
+
+
+
+The Handy Cyclopedia
+Of
+Things Worth Knowing
+
+A Manual of Ready Reference
+
+Covering Especially Such Information
+Of Everyday Use as is often
+Hardest to Find When
+Most Needed
+
+"Inquire Within About Everything"
+
+For alphabetical index see page 277
+
+CHICAGO
+ALBERT J. DUBOIS
+1911
+Copyright. 1911, by Joseph Trienens
+
+
+
+TO OUR PATRONS
+
+This little book is presented to you to evidence our appreciation of
+your patronage. We trust you will examine its contents closely, for you
+will find within its covers many things that will prove entertaining,
+instructive and useful.
+
+It is new and up-to-date and has been expressly compiled for our
+patrons. Only matter of real interest and value has been included in its
+pages.
+
+It is a general experience that answers to those questions which arise
+most often in  every-day life are hardest to find. Information on
+practical subjects is usually just beyond your reach when it is most
+desired. You will use this little book every day when you "want to
+know."
+
+It is equally valuable to all classes, men as well as women; to workers
+generally as well as people of leisure. It is the book for the busy
+housekeeper as well as the woman of fashion.
+
+We shall feel amply repaid for the painstaking labor, care and expense
+which we have bestowed upon this little volume if its constant utility
+to you more firmly cements your good will to our establishment.
+
+Just a few words about the advertisements. They are from concerns of
+established reputation whose products we freely recommend with full
+confidence that they are the best of their respective kinds. The index
+to the advertising section is on pages 5 and 6.
+
+Sincerely yours,
+THE CENTRAL DRUG CO.
+
+INDEX TO ADVERTISEMENTS
+For index of general contents see page
+Abilena Mineral Water
+Albany Chemical Co
+Aleta Hair Tonic
+Alexander's Asthma Remedy
+Allen's Cough Balsam
+Ankle Supports
+Arch Cushions
+Astyptodyne
+Athlophoros
+Australian Eucalyptus Globulus Oil
+Bath Cabinets
+Blair's Pills
+Blood Berry Gum   Page facing inside back cover
+"Bloom of Youth," Laird's
+Blue Ribbon Gum
+Blush of Roses
+Bonheim's Shaving Cream
+Borax, Pacific Coast
+Borden's Malted Milk
+Brown's Asthma Remedy
+Brown's Liquid Dressing
+Brown's Wonder Face Cream
+Brown's Wonder Salve
+Bryans' Asthma Remedy
+Buffalo Lithia Springs Water
+Buffers, Nail
+Burnishine
+Byrud's Corn Cure
+Byrud's Instant Relief
+Cabler's (W. P.) Root Juice
+Calder's Dentine
+Carmichael's Gray Hair Restorer
+Carmichael's Hair Tonic
+Celery-Vesce
+Chavett Diphtheria Preventive
+Chavett Solace
+Chocolates and Bon Bons
+Coe's Cough Balsam
+Consumers Company
+Corsets
+Coupons
+Crane's Lotion
+Crown Headache Powders
+Daisy Fly Killer
+"Dead Stuck" for Bugs
+Delatone
+Dennos Food
+Digesto
+Dissolvene Rubber Garments
+Downs' Obesity Reducer
+Drosis
+Duponts Hair Restorative
+Dyspepsia Remedy, Graham's
+Elastic Stockings
+El Perfecto Veda Rose Rouge
+Empress Hair Color Restorer
+Empress Shampoo Soap
+Euca-Scentol
+Femaform Cones
+Golden Remedy for Epilepsy
+Golden Rule Hair Restorative
+Goodwin's Corn Salve
+Goodwin's Foot Powder
+Gowans Pneumonia Preparation
+Graves' (Dr.) Tooth Powder
+Gray's Ointment
+Great Western Champagne
+Grube's Corn Remover
+Guild's Asthma Cure
+Harvard Athletic Supports
+Heel Cushions
+Hegeman's Camphor Ice
+Hill's Chloride of Gold Tablets
+Hoag's (Dr.) Cell Tissue Tonic
+Hollister's Rocky Mountain Tea
+Hot Water Bottles
+Hydrox Chemical Company
+Hygeia Nursing Bottles
+I-De-Lite
+Irondequoit Port Wine
+Jetum
+Jucket's (Dr.) Salve
+Karith
+Kellogg's Asthma Remedy
+Knickerbocker Spraybrushes
+Kondon's Catarrhal Jelly
+Kumyss, Arend-Adamick
+Lemke's (Dr.) Golden Electric Liniment
+Lemke's (Dr.) Laxative Herb Tea
+Lemke's (Dr.) St. Johannis Drops
+Leslie Safety Razors
+Louisenbad Reduction Salt
+Lune de Miel Perfume
+"Lustr-ite" Toilet Specialties
+Luxtone Toilet Preparations
+Mando, Depilatory
+Manicure Goods
+Mares Cough Balsam
+Martel's (Dr.) Female Pills
+Marvel Syringes
+Mayr's Stomach Remedy
+"Meehan's" Razor Stropper
+Mey's Poultice
+Mixer Medicine Company
+Mt. Clemens Bitter Water
+Musterole
+Nardine
+New Bachelor Cigars
+Noblesse Toilet Preparations
+Obesity Gaveck Tablets
+Obesity Reducer, Downs'
+Olive Oil
+Orange Blossom
+Orangeine
+Ordway (Dr. D. P.) Plasters
+Oriental Cream
+Orthopedic Apparatus
+Palmer's Perfumes
+Paracamph
+Peckham's Croup Remedy
+Perry Davis Painkiller
+Physiological Tonicum
+Pinus Medicine Co.
+Piso's Remedy
+Planten's Capsules
+Plexo Toilet Cream
+Poland Water
+Pozzoni's Complexion Powder
+"Queen Bess" Perfume
+Rat-Nox
+Razor Stropper, "Meehan's"
+Razors
+Rex Bitters
+Riker's Tooth Powder
+Roachine
+Rossman's Pile Cure
+Saliodin
+Salted Peanuts
+Salubrin
+Samurai Perfumes
+Sandholm's Skin Lotion
+Sanford's Inks
+"Sanitas," Disinfectant
+Scheffler's Hair Colorine
+Seguin et Cie
+Sharp & Smith
+Shoes for the Lame
+Shoulder Braces
+Simplex Vaporizers
+Skidoo Soap
+Soaps, Stiefel's Medicinal
+Solo Rye
+Sorority Girl Toilet Requisites
+Sponges
+Stiefel's Medicinal Soaps
+St. Jacob's Oil
+Strong's Arnica Jelly
+Strong's Arnica Tooth Soap
+Sweet Babee Nursing Bottle
+Tailoring for Men
+Tanglefoot Fly Paper
+Toilet Paper
+Tooth Brushes
+Typewriters
+Tyrrell's Hygienic Institute
+Villacabras Mineral Water
+Virgin Oil of Pine
+Whittemore's Polishes
+Wright's Catarrhal Balm
+Wright's Rheumatic Remedy
+Young's Victoria Cream
+
+
+
+SOCIAL FORMS
+
+Manners and Customs of Good Society
+
+ETIQUETTE OF COURTSHIP AND MARRIAGE.
+
+It is a growing custom in America not to announce an engagement until
+the date of the marriage is approximately settled. Long engagements are
+irksome to both man and woman, and a man is generally not supposed to
+ask a girl to marry him until he is able to provide a home for her.
+This, however, does not prevent long friendships between young couples
+or a sentimental understanding growing up between them, and it is during
+this period that they learn to know each other and find out if they are
+suited for a life's partnership.
+
+When a "young man goes a-courting" it generally means that he has some
+particular girl in mind whom he has singled out as the object of his
+devotion. A man a-courting is generally on his best behavior, and many a
+happily married wife looks back on her courting days as the most
+delightful of her life. At that time the woman is the object of a
+devotion to which she has as yet conceded nothing. She is still at
+liberty to weigh and choose, to compare her lover to other men, while
+the knowledge that she is the ultimate girl that some man is trying to
+win gives her a pretty sense of self-importance and a feeling that she
+has come into the heritage of womanhood.
+
+Whether it is one of the fictions about courtship or not, it is
+generally assumed that a young woman is longer in making up her mind
+than is the young man. When a man finds the right girl he is pretty apt
+to know it, and it is his business then to start out and persuade her to
+his point of view. "Neither willing nor reluctant" is the attitude of
+the young girl.
+
+
+Gifts and Attention.
+
+Just what attention a man is privileged to show a young woman to whom he
+is not engaged, and yet to whom he wishes to express his devotion, is a
+point a little difficult to define.
+
+If she is a bookish girl she will be pleased with gifts of books or the
+suggestion that they may read the same books so they may talk them over
+together. She will probably feel complimented if a man discusses with
+her his business affairs and the problems that are interesting men in
+their life work. When a man begins to call often and regularly on a girl
+it is best to have some topic of conversation aside from personalities.
+
+When a man is led to spend more money than he can afford in entertaining
+a girl it is a bad preparation for matrimony. Courtship is a time when a
+man desires to bring gifts, and it is quite right and fitting that he
+should do so within reasonable limits. A girl of refined feelings does
+not like to accept valuable presents from a man at this period of their
+acquaintance. Flowers, books, music, if the girl plays or sings, and
+boxes of candy are always permissible offerings which neither engage the
+man who offers them nor the girl who receives them. This is the time
+when a man invites a girl to the theater, to concerts and lectures, and
+may offer to escort her to church. The pleasure of her society is
+supposed to be a full return for the trouble and expense incurred in
+showing these small attentions.
+
+
+The Claims of Companionship.
+
+A man cannot justly complain if a girl accepts similar favors from other
+men, for until he has proposed and been accepted he has no claim on her
+undivided companionship. An attitude of proprietorship on his part,
+particularly if it is exercised in public, is as bad manners as it is
+unwise, and a high-spirited girl, although she may find her feelings
+becoming engaged, is prone to resent it. It should be remembered that a
+man is free to cease his attentions, and until he has finally
+surrendered his liberty he should not expect her to devote all her time
+to him.
+
+At this period it is a wise man who makes a friend of a girl's mother,
+and if he does this he will generally be repaid in a twofold manner. No
+matter how willful a girl may be, her mother's opinion of her friends
+always has weight with her.
+
+Moreover, what the mother is the girl will in all probability become,
+and a man has no better opportunity of learning a girl's mental and
+moral qualities than by knowing the woman who bore and reared her.
+
+
+Engagement and Wedding Rings.
+
+The form and material of "the mystic ring of marriage" change but
+little, and innovations on the plain gold band are rarely successful.
+The very broad, flat band is now out of date and replaced by a much
+narrower ring, sufficiently thick, however, to stand the usage of a
+lifetime. It is generally engraved on the concealed side with the
+initials of the giver and the date of the marriage. The gold in the ring
+should be as pure as possible, and the color, which depends on the alloy
+used, should be unobtrusive, the pale gold being better liked now than
+the red gold. Many women never remove their wedding ring after it has
+been put on and believe it is bad luck to do so.
+
+There is but one choice for an engagement ring, a solitaire diamond, and
+clusters or colored stones are not considered in this connection. As
+after the wedding the engagement ring is used as a guard to the wedding
+ring, it should be as handsome as possible, and a small, pure stone is a
+far better choice than a more showy one that may be a little off in
+color or possess a flaw.
+
+
+Correct Form in Jewelry.
+
+On the wedding day the groom often makes the bride a wedding present of
+some piece of jewelry, and if this is to be worn during the ceremony it
+should consist of white stones in a thin gold or platinum setting, such
+as a pendant, bracelet or pin of pearls and diamonds. If a colored stone
+is preferred--and a turquoise, for instance, adds the touch of blue
+which is supposed to bring a bride good luck--it should be concealed
+inside the dress during the services.
+
+As a memento of the event a groom often presents his ushers with a scarf
+pin or watch or cigarette case ornamented with the initials of the bride
+and groom, and the bride generally makes a similar present to her
+bridesmaids of some dainty piece of jewelry. Whether this takes the form
+of a pin, bracelet or one of the novelties that up-to-date jewelers are
+always showing, it should be the best of its kind. Imitation stones or
+"silver gilt" have no place as wedding gifts.
+
+
+Wedding Customs.
+
+There is no time in a woman's life when ceremonies seem so important as
+when a wedding in the family is imminent. Whether the wedding is to be a
+simple home ceremony or an elaborate church affair followed by a
+reception, the formalities which etiquette prescribes for these
+functions should be carefully studied and followed. Only by doing so can
+there be the proper dignity, and above all the absence of confusion that
+should mark the most important episode in the life of a man or woman.
+
+Wedding customs have undergone some changes of late years, mostly in the
+direction of simplicity. Meaningless display and ostentation should be
+avoided, and, if a girl is marrying into a family much better endowed in
+worldly goods than her own, she should have no false pride in insisting
+on simple festivities and in preventing her family from incurring
+expense that they cannot afford. The entire expenses of a wedding, with
+the exception of the clergyman's fee and the carriage which takes the
+bride and groom away for their honeymoon, are met by the bride's family,
+and there is no worse impropriety than in allowing the groom to meet or
+share any of these obligations. Rather than allow this a girl would show
+more self-respect in choosing to do away with the social side of the
+function and be content with the marriage ceremony read by her clergyman
+under his own roof.
+
+
+Invitations and Announcements.
+
+In the case of a private wedding announcement cards should be mailed the
+following day to all relatives and acquaintances of both the contracting
+parties.
+
+Evening weddings are no longer the custom, and the fashionable hour is
+now high noon, although in many cases three o'clock in the afternoon is
+the hour chosen. Whether the wedding is to be followed by a reception or
+not, the invitations to it should be sent out not less than two weeks
+before the event, and these should be promptly accepted or declined by
+those receiving them. The acceptance of a wedding invitation by no means
+implies that the recipient is obliged to give a present. These are only
+expected of relatives and near friends of the bride and groom, and in
+all cases the presents should be addressed and sent to the bride, who
+should acknowledge them by a prettily worded note of thanks as soon as
+the gifts are received or, at the latest, a few days after the marriage
+ceremony.
+
+
+Silver and Linen.
+
+The usual rule followed in the engraving of silver or the marking of
+linen is to use the initials of the bride's maiden name. The question of
+duplicate gifts is as annoying to the sender as it is to the young
+couple who are ultimately to enjoy the gifts. Theoretically, it is bad
+form to exchange a gift after it has been received, but, in truth, this
+is often done when a great deal of silver is given by close friends or
+members of the family it is a comparatively easy matter to find out what
+has already been sent and to learn the bride's wishes in this matter.
+
+
+Prenuptial Functions.
+
+After the wedding invitations are out it is not customary for a girl to
+attend any social functions or to be much seen in public. This gives her
+the necessary time to devote to the finishing of her trousseau and for
+making any necessary arrangements for the new life she is to take up
+after the honeymoon is over. Family dinners are quite proper at this
+time, and it is expected of her to give a lunch to her bridesmaids. The
+wedding presents may be shown at this occasion, but any more public and
+general display of them is now rarely indulged in and is, in fact, not
+considered in good taste.
+
+The groom, as a prenuptial celebration, is supposed to give a supper to
+his intimate bachelor friends and the men who are to act as ushers at
+the marriage ceremony. The ushers are generally recruited from the
+friends of the groom rather than those of the bride, but if she has a
+grown brother he is always asked to act in this capacity. Ushers, like
+bridesmaids, are chosen among the unmarried friends of the young couple,
+although a matron of honor is often included in the bridal party.
+
+
+The Bride's Trousseau.
+
+The bride's trousseau should be finished well before the fortnight
+preceding the wedding. Fashions change so quickly now that it is rarely
+advisable for a bride to provide gowns for more than a season ahead. If
+the check her father furnishes her for her trousseau is a generous one
+it is a wise provision to put a part of it aside for later use, and in
+so doing she has the equivalent of a wardrobe that will last her for a
+year or more.
+
+Custom has decreed that the bride's wedding dress shall be of pure
+white, and, as the marriage ceremony is a religious one, whether it
+takes place in a church or in a private house, that it shall be made
+high in the neck and with long sleeves. Orange blossoms, the natural
+flowers, form the trimming to the corsage and a coronet to fasten the
+veil. A bride's ornaments include only one gift of white jewelry, pearls
+or diamonds, from her future husband, and the bouquet he presents her.
+
+So many awkward moments have been occasioned in wedding ceremonies by
+removing the glove that brides are dispensing with wearing gloves at
+this time. The bride's appearance is by no means affected by this
+custom, and the slipping of the ring on the third finger of the left
+hand is made simpler and thereby more graceful. The engagement ring,
+which up to the time of the wedding ceremony has been worn on this
+finger, afterwards serves as a guard for the wedding ring.
+
+
+The Bridesmaids.
+
+Millinery is a most important question in discussing a wedding, and we
+cannot dismiss the question with the gown worn by the bride. A most
+serious consideration is what the bridesmaids are to wear, and this is
+generally only settled after long and serious consultation with the
+bride.
+
+It is generally agreed that all of these gowns shall be made by the same
+dressmaker so that they may conform to the colors and styles decided on,
+the gown of the maid or matron of honor differing slightly from the
+general scheme. At a church wedding bridesmaids wear hats and carry
+baskets or bouquets of flowers, but, if bouquets are carried, they
+should be quite unlike the one borne by the bride. It is customary for
+the bride to give her bridesmaids some souvenir of the occasion, and it
+is expected that the groom provide the gloves and ties for the ushers.
+
+
+Duties of the "Best Man."
+
+The duties of the "best man" are arduous, and it is indeed wise, as it
+is general, for a man to ask his best and most devoted friend to serve
+in this capacity. The best man is supposed to relieve the groom of all
+the details of the ceremony and to take on his shoulders all the worry
+incident to its success as a social function. It is he who purchases the
+gloves and ties for the other ushers and sees that they are coached in
+their duties; he procures the marriage license, if that is necessary,
+and has the ring ready for the groom at the critical moment. After the
+ceremony he is supposed to hand the clergyman his fee, and at the same
+time be in readiness to conduct the line of bridesmaids and ushers to
+their carriages. He must be at the bride's home, in case there is a
+wedding reception, before the principal actors in the ceremony are
+there. It is he who sends the notices of the event to the newspapers,
+and, if there is a formal breakfast with speech-making, it is the best
+man who proposes the health of the newly-married pair and replies to the
+toast in behalf of the bridesmaids. He is the one member of the wedding
+party who sees the happy couple off at the station and bids them the
+last farewell as they depart on their honeymoon. This is perhaps the
+time and moment when his good sense and social tact is the most needed,
+The foolish custom of decorating bridal baggage with white ribbon, and
+of throwing a superabundance of old shoes and a rain of rice after the
+departing pair, may be mitigated by a little care on his part.
+
+
+
+MOURNING CUSTOMS.
+
+There has been of late years a healthy revolt against the excessive use
+of crepe or the wearing of mourning for an undue period. Mourning is
+first of all a protection, for in these busy days and in a large city a
+death affecting our acquaintances is not always known to us. If we meet
+a friend wearing black we are instantly apprised that she has suffered
+the loss of a near member of her family. It is easy to say under such
+circumstances, "I am very sorry to see you in black," or "I am afraid I
+have not heard of your loss."
+
+For a father or mother full mourning, that is, black unrelieved by any
+touch of white, is worn for a year, and at the end of that period half
+mourning, consisting first of white with black, and then violet and
+gray, is worn for the second year. For a brother or sister or
+grandparent black is worn for six months, and then half mourning for the
+six months preceding the wearing of ordinary colors. What is called
+complimentary mourning, put on at the death of a relative by marriage,
+consists of the wearing of black for a period of from six weeks to a
+year, depending on the closeness of the personal relationship. For
+instance, in the case of the death of a mother-in-law residing in a
+distant city, it would only be necessary for a woman to wear black for a
+few weeks following the funeral. If, on the other hand, she resides in
+the same place and is a great deal in the company of her husband's
+family, it would show more tact and affection on her part to refrain
+from wearing colors for a longer period.
+
+Crepe is no longer obligatory in even first mourning. Many widows only
+wear the crepe-bordered veil hanging from the conventional bonnet for
+the funeral services and for a few weeks afterward, when it is replaced
+by an ordinary hat and veil of plain black net bordered with thin black
+silk. Widows wear neck and cuff bands of unstarched white book muslin,
+this being the only sort of white permitted during the first period of
+mourning. Young widows, especially those who must lead an active life,
+often lighten their mourning during the second year and discard it at
+the end of the second year. Of course the conventional period of
+mourning for a widow is three years, but, if there should be any
+indication that a second marriage is contemplated, black should
+gradually be put aside.
+
+However, the discarding of mourning is no indication that a woman is
+about to change her name, and the wearing of black is so much a matter
+of personal feeling that a woman should not be criticised for curtailing
+the conventional period.
+
+In this country it is not the custom for young children to wear
+mourning, and with men the wearing of a black band about the hat or on
+the left arm is all that is deemed necessary.
+
+A woman wearing full mourning refrains from attending the theater or any
+large functions. She may properly be seen at concerts, club meetings or
+lectures, and she may receive and visit her friends informally.
+
+
+
+ETIQUETTE OF THE VISITING CARD.
+
+The prevailing shape for a woman's card is nearly square (about 2-1/2 by
+3 inches), while the correct form for a man's card is slightly smaller.
+The color should be pure white with a dull finish, while the engraving,
+plain script or more elaborate text, is a matter of choice and fashion
+varying from time to time. It is safe to trust the opinion of a
+first-class stationer in this matter, for styles fluctuate, and he
+should be constantly informed of what polite usage demands.
+
+A woman's card should always bear the prefix "Miss" or "Mrs." There is
+no exception to this rule save in the case of women who have regularly
+graduated in medicine or theology and who are allowed therefore the use
+of "Dr." or "Rev." before the name. "Miss" or "Mrs." should not be used
+in addition to either of these titles.
+
+The card of a married woman is engraved with her husband's full name,
+such as Mrs. William Eaton Brown, but she has no right to any titles he
+may bear. If he is a judge or colonel she is still Mrs. James Eaton
+Brown and not Mrs. Judge or Mrs. Colonel Brown.
+
+A widow may with propriety retain the same visiting card that she used
+during the lifetime of her husband, especially if she has no grown son
+who bears his father's name. In that case she generally has her cards
+engraved with a part of her full maiden name before her husband's name,
+such as Mrs. Mary Baker Brown. In this country a divorced woman, if she
+has children, does not discard her husband's family name, neither does
+she retain his given name. For social purposes she becomes Mrs. Mary
+Baker Brown or, if she wishes, Mrs. Baker Brown.
+
+The address is engraved in the lower right corner of the visiting-card,
+and, if a woman has any particular day for receiving her friends, that
+fact is announced in the lower left corner. As a rule even informal
+notes should not be written on a visiting-card, although when a card
+accompanies a gift it is quite proper to write "Best wishes" or
+"Greetings" on it. This is even done when a card does not accompany a
+gift, but it should be borne in mind that a card message should not take
+the place of a note of thanks or be used when a more formal letter is
+necessary.
+
+A man's visiting-card should bear his full name with the prefix "Mr."
+unless he has a military title above the grade of lieutenant or is a
+doctor or clergyman. In these cases the proper title should be used in
+place of "Mr." Courtesy titles, although they may be common usage in
+conversation and a man may be known by them, are best abandoned on the
+visiting-card.
+
+During the first year of marriage cards are engraved thus:
+
+   Mr. and Mrs. William Eaton Brown
+
+and this card may be used in sending presents, returning wedding
+civilities or making calls, even when the bride is not accompanied by
+her husband. After the first year these cards are discarded, and husband
+and wife have separate visiting-cards.
+
+In some communities it is not the custom for a young girl to make formal
+calls without her mother. To meet this requirement the girl's name with
+the prefix "Miss" is engraved on her mother's card, below her mother's
+name.
+
+It is no longer considered necessary to leave a number of cards at the
+same house when calling in person or sending cards. If there are several
+women members of the family one card suffices. If a woman wishes to
+leave her husband's card she should leave two, one for the mistress and
+one for the man of the house. A woman never leaves a card for a man
+unless she has called on him on a matter of business and wishes him to
+be reminded of the fact.
+
+At a tea or large afternoon reception a card should be left in the hall
+as a guest departs, so as to enable the hostess to preserve a record of
+those who have called on her. If she is not able to attend she should
+send her visiting-card so that it may arrive on the day of the function.
+After a dinner or any formal function she should make a personal call or
+leave her card in person.
+
+When making an ordinary call it is not necessary to send one's
+visiting-card to the hostess by the servant who opens the door.
+Pronouncing the name distinctly is sufficient, but, if it is a first
+call, and there is danger that the hostess may not be familiar with the
+caller's address, it is best to leave a card on the hall table when
+leaving, no matter if the hostess herself conducts her visitor to the
+door.
+
+When one is invited but unable to attend a church wedding it is
+necessary to send, on the day of the ceremony, cards to those who issue
+the invitations. An invitation to a wedding reception or breakfast
+demands a more formal acceptance sent immediately on receipt of the
+invitation and couched in the same manner in which the invitation reads.
+
+A newcomer in town or a young married woman may receive a card from an
+older woman indicating her receiving days and hours. This is a polite
+invitation to call, and if she is unable to make a call at the time
+indicated she should send a card on that day.
+
+Cards of condolence are left as soon as possible after learning of the
+affliction. It is not necessary to write anything on the card; in fact,
+it is better not to do so, for, if the acquaintance warrants a personal
+message, it should take the form of a letter. On the other hand it is
+quite proper in felicitating a friend on a happy event, such as the
+announcement of an engagement in the family or the arrival of a new
+baby, to send a visiting-card with "Congratulations" written on it.
+
+There are times when it seems necessary to send cards to practically all
+one's acquaintances, This is wise after a long absence or a change of
+residence, and when one is leaving town for a long period it is proper
+to send cards with the French expression, "Pour prendre conge."
+
+
+
+FORMALITIES IN DRESS AND ETIQUETTE.
+
+"Costly thy habit as thy purse can buy" was old Polonius' advice to his
+son, and he counseled suitability as well. It is this question of
+suitability that is the hall mark of correct dressing. A safe rule to
+follow, especially in the case of a young woman, is not to be
+conspicuous in attire and to conform to the standards of dress as set
+down by older women of recognized standing in the town in which she
+lives and the community in which her social or business life is spent.
+
+A young girl needs little adorning. Her school or college dresses should
+be characterized by their neatness, freshness, correctness of cut and
+utility rather than by elaborate trimmings or costly materials. Her
+party gowns are simpler than those of a girl who has left school, and
+she wears less jewelry. At the end of school life, if her parents are
+able and willing to give her a coming-out party, she begins her social
+career under the pleasantest auspices, and this is the opportunity for
+her first elaborate gown.
+
+
+The Debutante.
+
+The character of this gown depends largely on the nature of the
+entertainment given her.
+
+It most commonly takes the form of an afternoon tea or reception to
+which her mother invites all of her friends as well as the younger set.
+The debutante receives with her mother and wears an elaborate frock of
+light material and color, made high in the neck and with elbow sleeves.
+Long white gloves are worn, and her hair is more elaborately arranged
+than it was during her school-girl period. In fact, she is now a full-
+fledged young lady and is dressed accordingly. Such a gown may serve
+later as an informal evening gown, or, if it is made with a detachable
+yoke, it may be worn as a dancing-frock or for any evening occasion for
+which a full evening gown is expected.
+
+The receiving party at an afternoon function generally includes near
+relatives of the debutante, and a number of her intimate girl friends
+are asked to assist in various ways. These receive with her and her
+mother in the early part of the afternoon and later assist at the tea
+table or mingle among the guests. The ladies assisting do not wear hats,
+and the young girls in the party are gowned much like the debutante,
+except that their gowns may be less elaborate if they choose, and they
+do not carry flowers.
+
+A popular girl or one with many family connections may count on a good
+many floral offerings on the occasion of her coming-out party. These are
+scattered about the room, either left in bunches or arranged in vases.
+One large bunch she generally carries in her left hand, and it is a wise
+girl who avoids singling out anyone of her men friends by carrying his
+flowers. A gift from her father or brother or the flowers sent by some
+friend of the family is the better choice. The success a girl makes
+during her first year in society depends more on her general popularity
+than on the devotion of any one man.
+
+
+Afternoon Reception.
+
+For an afternoon reception light refreshments, consisting of tea,
+coffee, chocolate, perhaps a light claret cup, with cakes and delicate
+sandwiches, are sufficient, and these are set out on a long table in a
+room adjoining the reception parlors.
+
+If a large number of guests are expected it is necessary to have a maid
+or two in attendance to remove cups and saucers, keep the tea urn
+replenished with hot water and to bring additional cakes and sandwiches
+if the supply on the table is in danger of running short. Two women
+friends are generally asked to preside at the refreshment table, one at
+each end to pour tea and chocolate, and, as this task is an arduous one
+and much of the success of the entertainment depends on its being well
+done, it is advisable to relieve the ladies in charge during the
+afternoon. This, however, like every other feature of the entertainment,
+should be arranged beforehand. The charm of an afternoon reception lies
+in its apparent informality, but every detail should be considered in
+advance and all contingencies provided for. The debutante, and
+especially her mother, should be relieved from all such responsibilities
+before the guests begin to come.
+
+The mother's duties consist in welcoming her guests and presenting her
+daughter to them. If many people are arriving the guests are quickly
+passed on to some one of the ladies assisting, whose duty it is to see
+that they meet some of those who are already in the room and are
+eventually asked to the tea table. A part of the receiving party, and
+certainly the hostess and her daughter, should remain together in a
+place where they may be easily found as the guests enter the room.
+
+No more sympathetic act of friendship can be shown a debutante than to
+contribute toward the success of her party. Girls who are asked to
+assist should remember that their first duty is not to entertain their
+own friends who may happen to be present, but to see that everyone is
+welcome and that especially those who are not acquainted with many in
+the room have an opportunity to become so. Anyone asked to assist at a
+function of this sort is in a sense a hostess, and it is quite within
+her province to enter into conversation with any unoccupied guest
+whether she has been introduced or not.
+
+The usual hours for an afternoon tea are from four to six, but in the
+case of a coming-out reception the hour is often prolonged to seven so
+as to allow more men to be present than would be the case if the time
+were restricted to the early afternoon. In these busy days few men are
+at liberty to make afternoon calls, and it is always a compliment to a
+girl if her tea includes a sprinkling of black coats. Whatever hours are
+decided on, they should be engraved on the cards sent out two weeks
+before the tea. These are of the form and size of an ordinary
+visiting-card and include the daughter's name below that of her
+mother's. If she is the eldest unmarried daughter or the only girl in
+the family the card reads as follows:
+
+                             Mrs. Geo. Baker Blank
+                             Miss Blank
+
+  December 9, 1911
+  4 to 7 o'clock
+
+The daughter's given name is only used in case she has an older
+unmarried sister.
+
+
+Ball and Evening Reception.
+
+A more elaborate form of coming-out party consists of a ball or of an
+evening reception followed by dancing, and in this case the card
+contains the word "Dancing" below the date of the entertainment and the
+hours at which it is given. Few homes are large enough to provide for
+even a small dance, and so a party of this sort is generally given at a
+hotel. The guests as well as the receiving party wear evening gowns
+without hats, and men are expected to come in full evening clothes,
+which means the long-tailed coats and not the popular Tuxedo, white
+gloves, and, although this is not obligatory, white waistcoats.
+
+After a girl has been introduced into society she has her individual
+visiting-cards, makes her own calls and is allowed to receive her own
+friends. Social customs differ with locality, and the chaperon is less
+customary in the West than in the East. In many cities girls are allowed
+to go to the theater and to evening parties with a man friend without a
+married woman being included in the party. A wise girl, however, is
+careful that any man she meets shall be introduced as soon as possible
+to some older member of her family and to introduce a young man calling
+for the first time to either her mother or father. Also when she accepts
+an invitation to an evening's entertainment she insists that her escort
+shall call for her at her own home and bring her directly home at the
+close of it. Dining or supping at a restaurant alone with a young man is
+sure to expose a girl to criticism.
+
+
+A Woman's Lunch.
+
+There are many pleasant forms of entertainment offered to a young girl
+entering society in which men are not included, and the most popular of
+these is a woman's lunch. This is a favorite form of entertainment for a
+young married woman to give in honor of some girl friend who has just
+come out in society or whose engagement has just been announced. One
+o'clock or half after is the usual hour, and the meal is served in
+courses and is as elaborate as the household resources may allow. The
+decorations of the table are important, and three courses are sufficient
+if they are carefully arranged. Handsome street costumes are worn for a
+function of this sort, and the guest of honor, if there is one, dresses
+as the others do. Outer wraps are left in the hall or in a room put
+aside for this purpose, and, as a rule, hats are retained and gloves
+removed when the guests sit down at table.
+
+The custom of wearing a hat during lunch is not an arbitrary one, and it
+is not universal. In France, for example, where social customs are most
+carefully observed, it is the custom to wear handsome afternoon gowns if
+invited for the noon meal and to remove hats. The noon meal there is a
+social function, and certain formalities are observed. In London, on the
+contrary, no matter if a number of guests are expected, lunch is an
+informal occasion, and women dress for lunch as they would for an
+afternoon tea.
+
+Hats are worn and women are prepared to rush off afterwards to meet
+other engagements. The English custom prevails now in the large cities
+in America, and, moreover, women seem disinclined to remove their hats
+after they are once dressed for the round of the day's social
+obligations.
+
+It is simpler and really quite conventional to leave the wearing of hats
+to the individual. The hostess should ask her guest if she wishes to
+take her hat off or retain it, and she can at the same time intimate to
+her guest, if she is a stranger in the town, what the others will
+probably do in this connection. True hospitality on the part of the
+hostess is to make her guests at ease, and true politeness on the part
+of the visitor is to conform to the rules governing the community that
+she is visiting.
+
+
+
+PROPER APPAREL FOR MEN.
+
+American gentlemen are no longer dependent on English tailors or on
+English fashions as they were some years ago. The American type of
+physique is a distinct one, and London tailors have never been able to
+fit American men as well as they do their own clients. Moreover social
+life is so different in the United States from what it is in England
+that men really need different clothes.
+
+Practically all American men are business men for the working hours of
+the day, and few of them have any time or inclination for anything save
+business clothes while daylight lasts. For dinner or for the evening
+what are generally called evening clothes are permissible, and in fact
+obligatory in large cities for anything beyond the most informal home
+functions.
+
+For the evening there is the informal and formal dress suit. The former
+consists of the long-tailed coat worn with either a white or black
+waistcoat. For a dancing party or formal dinner the white waistcoat is
+generally preferred, and, if it is worn, it must be accompanied by a
+white lawn tie. A made-up bow is considered incorrect. The
+accompaniments to a suit of this sort are patent-leather shoes and white
+kid gloves if dancing is a part of the evening programme.
+
+The informal evening suit includes the shorter dinner jacket or Tuxedo,
+as it was formerly called, and, strictly speaking, this is only
+considered proper for the club or for parties where ladies are not
+expected to be present. However, men who commonly dress for dinner in
+the home circle generally prefer the dinner jacket to the long coat, and
+well-dressed men are often seen wearing it at small dinner parties, at
+the theater or at any informal evening event. This coat is always worn
+with a black tie and waistcoat, and it is not a suitable apparel for a
+dance or any large formal evening affair.
+
+The correct dress for a daytime wedding is a black frock coat with light
+trousers, light fancy waistcoat and gray gloves and gray Ascot or
+four-in-hand tie, and the frock coat with black waistcoat proper for
+church or when making afternoon calls. Many young men are adopting for
+afternoon wear the English morning suit, which consists of a cutaway
+coat with trousers and waistcoat to match and made of some other color
+save black.
+
+
+
+WEDDING ANNIVERSARIES.
+
+First Anniversary          Cotton Wedding
+Second Anniversary         Paper Wedding
+Third Anniversary          Leather Wedding
+Fifth Anniversary          Wooden Wedding
+Seventh Anniversary        Woolen Wedding
+Tenth Anniversary          Tin Wedding
+Twelfth Anniversary        Silk and Fine Linen Wedding
+Fifteenth Anniversary      Crystal Wedding
+Twentieth Anniversary      China Wedding
+Twenty-fifth Anniversary   Silver Wedding
+Thirtieth Anniversary      Pearl Wedding
+Fortieth Anniversary       Ruby Wedding
+Fiftieth Anniversary       Golden Wedding
+Seventy-fifth Anniversary  Diamond Wedding
+
+
+
+HOW TO SELECT COLORS
+
+The Natural Laws of Tints, Tones, Shades and Hues.
+
+Some combinations of color are pleasing to the eye, and some are
+discordant. The reasons for this are based on natural laws and are
+explained in a very simple manner in a learned article by Dr. W. K. Carr
+which originally appeared in Shop Notes Quarterly. Impressions continue
+upon the retina of the eye, says Dr. Carr, about one-sixth of a second
+after the object has been moved. For this reason a point of light or
+flame whirled swiftly around appears as a continuous ring. Or take a
+piece or red ribbon, place it on white paper, look intently at it for
+thirty seconds and suddenly remove the ribbon. The portion of the paper
+which was covered by the ribbon will then appear green. The explanation
+is that the color sensation in the eye is caused by the almost
+unthinkably rapid whirling of electrons around their atoms, and that the
+retina, becoming fatigued by the vibration of the red, is therefore less
+sensitive to them. When the ribbon is suddenly removed, the eye sees,
+not the blue, yellow and red which produce the white surface of the
+paper, but, because of the fatigue of the eye to the red, it sees only
+the blue and yellow constituents of the white light. But blue and yellow
+produce green; hence the tendency at the eye to see the complementary of
+a color. This may be referred to as the "successive contrast of colors."
+
+
+Colors for Blondes and for Brunettes.
+
+Now, for a practical application of this knowledge.
+
+The hair of the blond is a mixture of red, yellow and brown. As a rule
+the skin is lighter, that is, it contains not so much orange, and the
+tinges of red are lighter. Nature, therefore, very properly made the
+blond's eyes blue, since the blue is complementary to the orange of her
+hair.
+
+The brunette's skin, on the other hand, has more orange in it, and hence
+a color favorable to one would not be becoming to the other.
+
+What would be the effect of green upon a complexion deficient in red? It
+would certainly heighten the rose tints in the cheeks, but the greatest
+care should be exercised in the selection of the proper shade of green,
+because the brunette's complexion contains a great deal of orange, and
+the green, acting upon the red of the orange, could readily produce a
+brick-dust appearance. Green, therefore, is a risky color for a
+brunette, and so is violet, which would neutralize the yellow of the
+orange and heighten the red. But if the orange complexion had more
+yellow than red, then the association of violet would produce pallor.
+Yellow, of course, is her color, since its complementary violet
+neutralizes the yellow of the orange complexion and leaves the red.
+
+But with the yellow-haired blond the conditions are very different. The
+complementary of blue is orange, which improves the hair and freshens
+the light flesh tints. A blond, therefore can wear blue, just as a
+brunette can wear yellow.
+
+In arranging flowers the same law holds. Complementary colors should be
+placed side by side; blue with orange, yellow with violet, red and rose
+with green leaves. And anyone who successfully selects his wall paper
+and house furnishings is drawing unconsciously, perhaps, on an intuitive
+knowledge of these fundamental facts. Dark papers are bad, especially in
+rooms with a northern exposure, because they absorb too much light. The
+complementaries of red and violet are exceedingly trying to most
+complexions, and orange and orange-yellow are fatiguing to the eye. The
+most pleasing effects are to be had with yellow, light blue and light
+green, for the latter freshens the red in pale skins, and the blue
+heightens blond complexions, and goes well with gilding and with
+mahogany and cherry furniture.
+
+
+COLOR CONTRAST AND HARMONY.
+
+The following tables will be found useful in selecting colors for dress,
+decoration, or any other purpose in which the proper application of the
+true laws of contrast and harmony in color is desirable:
+
+Contrasts in Color.
+
+Yellow contrasts with--
+Purple, russet, and auburn.
+Red contrasts with--
+Green, olive, and drab.
+Blue contrasts with--
+Orange, citrine, and buff.
+
+Harmonies in Color.
+
+Yellow harmonizes with--
+Orange, green, citrine, russet, buff, and drab.
+Red harmonizes with--
+Orange, purple, russet, citrine, auburn, and buff.
+Blue harmonizes with--
+Purple, green, olive, citrine, drab, and auburn.
+
+
+
+THE CARE OF THE TEETH.
+
+Decay of the teeth, or caries, commences externally, appearing upon the
+enamel or bony structure of the teeth. Usually it is the result of
+chemical action produced by decomposition of food. Acids found in some
+fruits will cause decay if allowed to remain in contact with the teeth.
+Then there are the natural mouth acids, which, although not strong, are
+none the less effective if allowed to remain long enough around the
+teeth. Microscopical examinations have shown that the secretions of
+almost every person's month contain more or less vegetable and animal
+life that will withstand the application of acids and astringents and
+will only succumb to alkalies. A dentifrice or mouth wash should be
+alkaline.
+
+
+Toothache.
+
+Toothache is not always due to an exposed nerve, for in the majority of
+teeth extracted because they are painful the nerve is dead. Inflammation
+is often the cause of the trouble.
+
+A toothache due to inflammation is a steady, aggravating pain,
+overspreading the affected side of the face, sometimes even the neck and
+shoulder. As there is no nerve to kill in a case of this kind, the tooth
+should be treated until cured, or removed upon the first symptom of
+trouble. Its extraction would be unattended by any danger and would
+afford welcome relief.
+
+Tartar, a creamy, calcareous deposit, supposed to be from the saliva,
+will sometimes cause toothache. It accumulates around the necks of the
+teeth and eventually becomes hard and dark-colored. It also causes foul
+breath and loosens the gums from the teeth, causing them to present an
+unsightly appearance.
+
+
+The Teeth of Children.
+
+Children have twenty temporary teeth, which begin making their
+appearance about the sixth or seventh month. The time varies in
+different children. This is the most dangerous and troublesome period of
+the child's existence, and every parent will do well to consult a
+reputable dentist. About the second or third year the temporary teeth
+are fully developed. They require the same care to preserve them as is
+exercised toward the permanent set.
+
+About the sixth year, or soon after, four permanent molars, or double
+teeth, make their appearance. Some parents mistakenly suppose these
+belong to the first set. It is a serious error. They are permanent
+teeth, and if lost will be lost forever. No teeth that come after the
+sixth year are ever shed. Let every parent remember this.
+
+At twelve years the second set is usually complete, with the exception
+of the wisdom teeth, which appear anywhere from the eighteenth to the
+twenty-fourth year. When the second set is coming in the beauty and
+character of the child's countenance is completed or forever spoiled.
+Everything depends upon proper care at this time to see that the teeth
+come with regularity and are not crowded together. The teeth cannot have
+too much room. When a little separated they are less liable to decay.
+
+
+Dentifrices--Useful and Injurious.
+
+The habit of caring for the teeth daily, and if possible after each
+meal, should be established early in life.
+
+Those who have neglected to do so should lose no time in consulting a
+reputable dentist, and then persistently caring for their teeth day by
+day. Children especially should be taught to use the tooth-brush and
+some reliable dentifrice. The more pleasant the preparation the easier
+it will be to teach them its daily use. A fragrant, refreshing liquid is
+recommended, as it is a mouth wash as well as a tooth cleanser. The
+habit thus formed, neglected for even a single day, will make the mouth
+feel decidedly uncomfortable.
+
+
+Cleansing the Teeth.
+
+Preparations for cleansing the teeth and purifying the mouth should be
+free from all acids, and should be saponaceous or soapy, containing as
+one of the principal ingredients an alkali to neutralize the acids and
+destroy the animal and vegetable parasites which, as the microscope
+would show us, are in the secretions of almost every person's mouth.
+
+A finely triturated powder having slight abrasive properties, but free
+from dangerous grit, should be used as the complement of a liquid. One
+way to use both is to pour on the wet brush or into the palm of the hand
+a sufficient quantity of powder and moisten it with the liquid.
+Occasionally the powder or the liquid alone could be employed. Be
+careful to use a liquid and powder of established reputation.
+
+  Beware of thy teeth.
+  Take good care of thy teeth,
+  And they will take good care of thee.
+
+
+
+THE PERFECT FEMALE FIGURE.
+
+According to the Chicago Tribune, Miss Helen Loewe, a student at the
+Chicago Art Institute, is credited by art critics with closely
+approaching the standard of physical perfection set by statues of the
+goddess Venus. Miss Loewe was posed as a model for a series of
+photographs issued for the benefit of the playground fund of Oak Park.
+
+Aside from the artistic nature of Miss Loewe, a comparison of
+measurements with those of the typically perfect figure explains part of
+the success of these photographic studies.
+
+Miss Loewe.          Perfect figure.
+5 ft. 7 in  Height.    5 ft. 8 in.
+138         Weight     140
+13-1/2      Neck       13
+32          Chest      33
+36          Bust       37
+22          Waist      23
+36          Hips       39
+22          Thigh      24
+10          Upper arm  11
+8-1/2       Forearm     9
+14          Calf       15
+
+
+
+MEN AND COMPLEXIONS.
+
+Dr. Katherine Blackford, of Boston, speaking of men's complexions,
+arrives at the following conclusions. There are, of course, exceptions
+to all rules: "As a general rule, the blonds are inconstant. They change
+their minds too often. They get angry one moment and forgive the next.
+They are impulsive, and when they do commit crimes they are done on the
+impulse of the moment. A blond radiates his personality about him. The
+brunette, on the other hand as a rule, likes to concentrate on one
+subject. He is a specialist. He prefers his home and family, and his
+pleasures are more often lectures and kindred entertainments than those
+of a lighter order. He learns slowly, but he retains what he knows far
+better than does the blond."
+
+
+
+HOW THE BABY'S MIND DEVELOPS.
+
+In his book on "The Development of the Intellect," Mr. H. W. Brown
+presents a conspectus of the observations of Prof. Preyer on the mind of
+the child which shows chronologically the gradual development of the
+senses, intellect and will of the growing child and presents in a
+condensed form the result of a great number of careful observations.
+
+It is recorded that sensibility to light, touch, temperature, smell and
+taste are present on the first day of infant life. Hearing, therefore,
+is the only special sense which is not active at this time. The child
+hears by the third or fourth day. Taste and smell are senses at the
+first most active, but they are differentiated. General organic
+sensations of well being or discomfiture are felt from the first, but
+pain and pleasure as mental states are not noted till at or near the
+second month.
+
+The first sign of speech in the shape of utterance of consonant sounds
+is heard about the end of the second month, these consonants being
+generally "m," "r," "g," or "t." All the movements of the eyes become
+co-ordinate by the fourth month, and by this time the child begins to
+have the "feeling of self," that is, he looks at his own hands and looks
+at himself in the mirror. The study of the child's mind during the first
+year shows conclusively that ideas develop and reasoning processes occur
+before there is any knowledge of words or of language; though it may be
+assumed that the child thinks in symbols, visual or auditory, which are
+clumsy equivalents for words. By the end of the year the child begins to
+express itself by sounds--that is, speech begins. The development of
+this speech capacity is, according to Preyer, in accordance with the
+development of the intellectual powers. By the end of the second year
+the child's power of speech is practically acquired.
+
+
+
+THE WONDERFUL HUMAN BRAIN.
+
+According to the novel computations of a renowned histologist, who has
+been calculating the aggregate cell forces of the human brain, the
+cerebral mass is composed of at least 300,000,000 of nerve cells, each
+an independent body, organism, and microscopic brain so far as concerns
+its vital functions, but subordinate to a higher purpose in relation to
+the functions of the organ; each living a separate life individually,
+though socially subject to a higher law of function.
+
+The lifetime of a nerve cell he estimates to be about sixty days, so
+that 5,000,000 die every day, about 200,000 every hour, and nearly 3,500
+every minute, to be succeeded by an equal number of their progeny; while
+once in every sixty days a man has a new brain.
+
+
+
+MOURNING COLORS THE WORLD OVER.
+
+Black is by no means the only color used by man to express grief or
+mourning for the dead. In the South Sea Islands the natives express
+sorrow and hope by stripes of black and white. Grayish brown, the color
+of the earth to which the dead return, is used in Ethiopia. Pale brown,
+the color of withered leaves, is the mourning of Persia. Sky-blue, to
+express the assured hope that the deceased has gone to heaven, is the
+mourning of Syria, Cappadocia, and Armenia. Deep blue in Bokhara. Purple
+and violet, to express "kings and queens to God," was the color of
+mourning for cardinals and kings of France. The color of mourning in
+Turkey is violet. White (emblem of hope) is the color of mourning in
+China. Henry VIII. wore white for Anne Boleyn. The ladies of ancient
+Rome and Sparta wore white. It was the color of mourning in Spain till
+1498. Yellow is the color of mourning in Egypt and in Burmah. Anne
+Boleyn wore yellow mourning for Catharine of Aragon.
+
+
+
+CURIOUS FACTS ABOUT HAIR.
+
+The hair of men is finer than that of women.
+
+The average weight of a head of hair is from 5 to 12 ounces.
+
+On an average head there are about 1,000 hairs to the square inch.
+
+Hair will stretch about one-fourth of its length and retract nearly to
+its original length.
+
+Four hairs of good strength will hold suspended a one-pound weight. A
+single head of hair, of average growth, would therefore hold suspended
+an entire audience of 200 people.
+
+
+
+THINGS THAT ARE MISNAMED
+
+Catgut is gut of sheep.
+
+Baffin's Bay is no bay at all.
+
+Arabic figures were invented by the Indians.
+
+Turkish baths are not of Turkish origin.
+
+Blacklead is a compound of carbon and iron.
+
+Slave by derivation should mean noble, illustrious.
+
+Turkeys do not come from Turkey, but North America.
+
+Titmouse is not a mouse, but a little hedge sparrow.
+
+Dutch clocks are of German (Deutsch), not Dutch manufacture.
+
+Salt (that is table salt) is not a salt at all, but "chloride of
+sodium."
+
+Galvanized iron is not galvanized--simply iron coated with zinc.
+
+Ventriloquism is not voice from the stomach, but from the mouth.
+
+Kid gloves are not kid at all, but are made of lambskin or sheepskin.
+
+Pompey's Pillar, in Alexandria, was erected neither by nor to Pompey.
+
+Tonquin beans come from Tonka, in Guinea, not Tonquin, in Asia.
+
+Fire, air, earth, and water, called the four elements, are not elements
+at all.
+
+Rice paper is not made from rice, but from the pith of Tungtsau, or
+hollowplant.
+
+Japan lacquer contains no lac at all, but is made from the resin of a
+kind of nut tree.
+
+Pen means a feather. (Latin. "penna," a wing.) A steel pen is therefore
+an anomaly.
+
+Jerusalem artichoke has no connection with Jerusalem, but with the
+sunflower, "girasole."
+
+Humble pie, for "umbil pie." The umbils of venison were served to
+inferiors and servants.
+
+Lunar caustic is simply nitrate of silver, and silver is the
+astrological symbol of the moon.
+
+Bridegroom has nothing to do with groom. It is the old English "guma," a
+man, "bryd-guma."
+
+Mother of pearl is the inner layer of several sorts of shell, and in
+some cases the matrix of the pearl.
+
+Sealing wax is not wax at all nor does it contain wax. It is made of
+shellac, Venice turpentine and cinnabar.
+
+Cleopatra's Needles were not erected by Cleopatra, nor in honor of that
+queen, but by Thothmes III.
+
+German silver is not silver at all, but a metallic mixture which has
+been in use in China time out of mind.
+
+Cuttle-bone is not bone, but a structure of pure chalk imbedded loosely
+in the substance of a species of cuttlefish.
+
+America was named after Amerigo Vespucci, a naval astronomer of
+Florence, but he did not discover the New World.
+
+Prussian blue does not come from Prussia. It is the precipitate of the
+salt of protoxide of iron with red prussiate of potass.
+
+Wormwood has nothing to do with worms or wood; it is the Anglo-Saxon
+"wer mod," man-inspiriting, being a strong tonic.
+
+Honeydew is neither honey nor dew, but an animal substance given off by
+certain insects, especially when hunted by ants.
+
+Gothic architecture is not that of the Goths, but the ecclesiastical
+style employed in England and France before the Renaissance.
+
+Sperm oil properly means "seed oil," from the notion that it was spawn
+or milt of a whale. It is chiefly taken, however, from the head, not the
+spawn of the "spermaceti" whale.
+
+Whalebone is not bone, nor does it possess any properties of bone. It is
+a substance attached to the upper jaw of the whale, and serves to strain
+the water which the creature takes up.
+
+
+
+THE LANGUAGE OF THE FLAG.
+
+To "strike a flag" is to lower the national colors in token of
+submission.
+
+Flags are used as the symbol of rank and command, the officers using
+them being called flag officers. Such flags are square, to distinguish
+them from other banners.
+
+A "flag of truce" is a white flag displayed to an enemy to indicate a
+desire to parley or for consultation.
+
+The white flag is a sign of peace. After a battle parties from both
+sides often go out to the field to rescue the wounded or bury dead under
+the protection of a white flag.
+
+The red flag is a sign of defiance, and is often used by revolutionists.
+In the naval service it is a mark of danger, and shows a vessel to be
+receiving or discharging her powder.
+
+The black flag is a sign of piracy.
+
+The yellow flag shows a vessel to be at quarantine or is the sign of a
+contagious disease.
+
+A flag at half-mast means mourning. Fishing and other vessels return
+with a flag at half-mast to announce the loss or death of some of the
+men.
+
+Dipping the flag is lowering it slightly and then hoisting it again to
+salute a vessel or fort.
+
+If the President of the United States goes afloat the American flag is
+carried in the bows of his barge or hoisted at the main of the vessel on
+board of which he is.
+
+
+
+DEATH SENTENCE OF THE SAVIOR.
+
+The following is said to be the sentence of death, word for word,
+pronounced against Jesus Christ:
+
+Sentence pronounced by Pontius Pilate, intendent of the lower province
+of Galilee, that Jesus of Nazareth shall suffer death by the cross. In
+the seventeenth year of the reign of Emperor Tiberius, and on the 24th
+day of the month, in the most holy city of Jerusalem, during the
+pontificate of Annas and Caiaphas.
+
+Pontius Pilate, intendent of the Province of Lower Galilee, sitting to
+judgment in the presidential seat of the Praetors, sentences Jesus of
+Nazareth to death on a cross between robbers, as the numerous and
+notorious testimonies of the people prove:
+
+1. Jesus is a misleader.
+
+2. He has excited the people to sedition.
+
+3. He is an enemy to the laws.
+
+4. He calls himself the son of God.
+
+5. He calls himself, falsely, the King of Israel.
+
+6. He went to the temple followed by a multitude carrying palms in their
+hands. Orders from the first centurion Quirrillis Cornelius to bring him
+to the place of execution. Forbids all persons, rich or poor, to prevent
+the execution of Jesus.
+
+The witnesses who have signed the execution of Jesus are:
+
+1. Daniel Robani, Pharisee.
+
+2. John Zorobabic.
+
+3. Raphael Robani.
+
+4. Capet.
+
+Jesus is to be taken out of Jerusalem through the gate of Tournes.
+
+
+
+THE HORSE'S PRAYER.
+
+To thee, my master, I offer my prayer: Feed, water and care for me; and
+when the day's work is done, provide me with shelter and a clean, dry
+bed. Always be kind to me. Pet me sometimes, that I may serve you the
+more gladly and learn to love you. Do not jerk the reins, and do not
+whip me when going up hill. Never strike, beat or kick me when I do not
+understand what you want, but give me a chance to understand you. Watch
+me, and if I fail to do your bidding, see if something is not wrong with
+my harness or feet.
+
+Do not overload me or hitch me where water will drip on me. Keep me well
+shod. Examine my teeth when I do not eat; I may have an ulcerated tooth,
+and that, you know, is painful. Do not tie or check my head in an
+unnatural position or take away my best defence against flies and
+mosquitoes by cutting off my mane or tail.
+
+I cannot tell you when I am thirsty, so give me clean, cool water often.
+I cannot tell you in words when I am sick, so watch me and by signs you
+may know my condition. Give me all possible shelter from the hot sun,
+and put a blanket on me not when I am working, but when I am standing in
+the cold. Never put a frosty bit in my mouth; first warm it by holding
+it in your hands.
+
+I try to carry you and your burdens without a murmur, and wait patiently
+for you long hours of the day or night. Without the power to choose my
+shoes or path, I sometimes fall on the hard pavements, and I must be
+ready at any moment to lose my life in your service.
+
+And finally, O, my master, when my useful strength is gone, do not turn
+me out to starve or freeze, nor sell me to some human brute to be slowly
+tortured and starved to death, but do thou, my master, take my life in
+the kindest way, and your God will reward you here and hereafter. Amen.
+
+
+
+A LADY'S CHANCE OF MARRYING.
+
+Every woman has some chance to marry. It may be one to fifty, or it may
+be ten to one that she will. Representing her entire chance at one
+hundred at certain points of her progress in time, it is found to be in
+the following ratio:
+
+Between the ages of 15 and 20 years   14-1/2 percent
+
+Between the ages of 20 and 25 years   52 per cent
+
+Between the ages of 25 and 30 years   18 per cent
+
+Between the ages of 30 and 35 years   15-1/2 per cent
+
+Between the ages of 35 and 40 years    3-3/4 per cent
+
+Between the ages of 40 and 45 years   2-1/2 per cent
+
+Between the ages of 45 and 50 years   3/4 of 1 percent
+
+Between the ages of 50 and 56 years   1/8 of 1 per cent
+
+After sixty it is one-tenth of one per cent, or one chance in a thousand.
+
+
+  Some hae meat and canna' eat,
+  And some wad eat who want it;
+  But we hae meat and we can eat,
+  So let the Lord be thankit.
+
+
+
+HINTS ON SHAVING.
+
+Learn to shave right.
+
+Don't shave in a hurry.
+
+Have the water hot enough so that it won't cool too quickly.
+
+Wash the face with soap and hot water before lathering, especially if
+the beard is hard.
+
+Have the lather very soapy--thin enough to spread easily, yet thick
+enough so it won't drop. Rub well into the face with the brush, then
+with the fingers. The longer you lather and the more you rub, the easier
+the shave.
+
+The hair usually grows downward. Shave with the grain, not against it.
+Use a sliding motion, as well as downward.
+
+If you get a "nick," wash with cold water. Rubbing the cut with a piece
+of lump alum will stop the bleeding at once and help to heal.
+
+Hold the razor properly. Lay it as flat as possible--the back of razor
+nearly touching the skin. Have it under easy control. Don't grab it--an
+easy position means an easy shave.
+
+A poor strop will spoil the best razor ever made.
+
+To buy a good razor and a cheap strop is pour economy.
+
+If you prefer a swing strop, pull it as tightly as you can. Better use a
+stiff strop--cushion or solid--if in doubt.
+
+A serious mistake made by a number of self-shavers is to hold the strop
+loose. This bends the invisible teeth and rounds the edge.
+
+Strop your razor before and after shaving. This keeps the edge free from
+rust.
+
+Dip your razor in hot water before stropping and shaving. This dissolves
+the accumulation in the invisible teeth.
+
+Press as hard as you like on the back of the blade, but very lightly on
+the edge.
+
+As you reach the end of the strop, turn the razor on the back of the
+blade to strop the other side, pulling toward you.
+
+Keep rust away from your strop, and remember that a cut in the strop
+will ruin your razor. Don't use a strop that is cut.
+
+
+
+FACTS TO SETTLE ARGUMENTS
+
+Telephone invented. 1861.
+
+There are 2,750 languages.
+
+Sound moves 743 miles per hour.
+
+Hawks can fly 150 miles an hour.
+
+Chinese invented paper, 170 B. C.
+
+A hand, horse measure, is 4 inches.
+
+German Empire re-established, 1871.
+
+Storm clouds move 36 miles an hour.
+
+The first steel pen was made in 1830.
+
+Phonographs invented by Edison, 1877.
+
+Light moves 187,000 miles per second.
+
+Watches were first constructed in 1476.
+
+First steamer crossed the Atlantic, 1819.
+
+Rome was founded by Romulus, 752 B. C.
+
+First musical notes used, 1338; printed, 1502.
+
+The first Atlantic cable was operated in 1858.
+
+The first balloon ascended from Lyons, France, 1783.
+
+Slow rivers flow at the rate of seven-tenths of a mile per hour.
+
+Napoleon I. crowned Emperor, 1804; died at St. Helena, 1820.
+
+Harvard, the oldest college in the United States, was founded, 1638.
+
+The first steam engine on this continent was brought from England, 1753.
+
+The most extensive park is Deer Park in Denmark. It contains 4,200
+acres.
+
+Measure 209 ft. on each side and you will have a square acre, to an
+inch.
+
+Albert Durer gave the world a prophecy of future wood engraving in 1527.
+
+The first iron ore discovered in this country was found in Virginia in
+1715.
+
+"Bravest of the Brave" was the title given to Marshal Ney at Friedland,
+1807.
+
+The highest bridge in the world, 360  ft. from the surface of the water,
+is over a gorge at Constantine in Algiers.
+
+The first volunteer fire company in the United States was at
+Philadelphia, 1736.
+
+St. Augustine, oldest city in the United States, founded by the
+Spaniards, 1565.
+
+Jamestown, Va., founded, 1607; first permanent English settlement in
+America.
+
+Books in their present form were invented by Attalus, kind of Pergamos,
+198 B. C.
+
+Robert Raikes established the first Sunday-school, at Gloucester,
+England, 1781.
+
+Oberlin College, Ohio, was the first in the United States that admitted
+female students.
+
+The first knives were used in England, and the first wheeled carriages
+in France, in 1559.
+
+The largest park in the United States is Fairmont, at Philadelphia, and
+contains 2.740 acres.
+
+The highest natural bridge in the world is at Rockbridge, Virginia,
+being 200 feet high to the bottom of the arch.
+
+The largest empire in the world is that of Great Britain, being
+8,557,658 square miles, and more than a sixth part of the globe.
+
+The first electrical signal ever transmitted between Europe and America
+passed over the Field submarine cable on Aug. 5, 1858.
+
+Paris was known as Lutetia until 1184, when the name of the great French
+capital was changed to that which it has borne ever since.
+
+The longest tunnel in the world is St. Gothard, on the line of the
+railroad between Lucerne and Milan, being 9-1/2 miles in length.
+
+Burnt brick were known to have been used in building the Tower of Babel.
+They were introduced into England by the Romans.
+
+The loftiest active volcano is Popocatapetl. It is 17,784 feet high, and
+has a crater three miles in circumference and 1,000 feet deep.
+
+The largest insurance company in the world is the Mutual Life of New
+York City, having cash and real estate assets of over $350,000,000.
+
+The Latin tongue became obsolete about 580.
+
+The value of a ton of pure gold is $602,799.21.
+
+First authentic use of organs, 755; in England, 951.
+
+Ether was first used for surgical purposes in 1844.
+
+Ignatius Loyola founded the order of Jesuits, 1541.
+
+The first newspaper advertisement appeared in 1652.
+
+Benjamin Franklin used the first lightning rods, 1752.
+
+Glass windows (colored) were used in the 8th century.
+
+The largest desert is Sahara, in Northern Africa. Its length is 3,000
+miles and breadth 900 miles, having an area of 2,000,000 square miles.
+
+The most remarkable echo known is that in the castle of Simonetta, two
+miles from Milan. It repeats the echo of a pistol shot sixty times.
+
+The first deaf and dumb asylum was founded in England, by Thomas
+Braidwood, 1760; and the first in the United States was at Hartford,
+1817.
+
+The largest diamond in the world is the Braganza, being a part of the
+Portugese jewels. It weighs 1,880 carats. It was found in Brazil in
+1741.
+
+The "Valley of Death," in the island of Java, is simply the crater of an
+extinct volcano, filled with carbonic acid gas. It is half a mile in
+circumference.
+
+The grade of titles in Great Britain stands in the following order from
+the highest: A Prince, Duke, Marquis, Earl, Viscount, Baron, Baronet,
+Knight.
+
+The city of Amsterdam, Holland, is built upon piles driven into the
+ground. It is intersected by numerous canals, crossed by nearly three
+hundred bridges.
+
+Coal was used as fuel in England as early as 852, and in 1234 the first
+charter to dig it was granted by Henry III. to the inhabitants of
+Newcastle-on-Tyne.
+
+The present national colors of the United States were not adopted by
+Congress until 1777. The flag was first used by Washington at Cambridge,
+January 1, 1776.
+
+Tobacco was discovered in San Domingo in 1496; afterwards by the
+Spaniards in Yucatan in 1520. It was Introduced into France in 1560, and
+into England in 1583.
+
+Kerosene was first used for illuminating in 1826.
+
+Cork is the bark taken from a species of the oak tree.
+
+National banks first established in the United States, 1816.
+
+Introduction of homoeopathy into the United States, 1825.
+
+Egyptian pottery is the oldest known; dates from 2,000 B. C.
+
+Authentic history of China commenced 3.000 years B. C.
+
+The largest free territorial government is the United States.
+
+The Chaldeans were the first people who worked in metals.
+
+Spectacles were invented by an Italian in the 13th century.
+
+Soap was first manufactured in England in the 16th century.
+
+Julius Caesar invaded Britain, 55 B. C.; assassinated, 44 B. C.
+
+Medicine was introduced into Rome from Greece, 200 B. C.
+
+First electric telegraph, Paddington to Brayton, England, 1835.
+
+First photographs produced in England, 1802; perfected, 1841.
+
+First life insurance, in London, 1772; in America, Philadelphia. 1812.
+
+Slavery in the United States was begun at Jamestown, Va. in 1619.
+
+The highest denomination of legal-tender notes in the United States is
+$10,000.
+
+Postage stamps first came into use in England in the year 1840; in the
+United States, in 1847.
+
+The highest range of mountains are the Himalayas, the mean elevation
+being from 16,000 to 18,000 feet.
+
+The term "Almighty Dollar" originated with Washington Irving, as a
+satire on the American love for gain.
+
+The largest inland sea is the Caspian, between Europe and Asia, being
+700 miles long and 270 miles wide.
+
+A span is ten and seven-eighths inches.
+
+First watches made in Nuremberg, 1476.
+
+Pianoforte invented in Italy about 1710.
+
+The value of a ton of silver is $37,704.84.
+
+French and Indian War in America, 1754.
+
+A hurricane moves eighty miles per hour.
+
+Coaches were first used in England in 1569.
+
+The first horse railroad was built in 1826-7.
+
+Electricity moves 288,000 miles per second.
+
+Modern needles first came into use in 1545.
+
+The average human life is thirty-three years.
+
+French Revolution, 1789; Reign of Terror, 1793.
+
+$1,000,000 gold coin weighs 3,685.8 lb. avoirdupois.
+
+Mormons arrived at Salt Lake Valley, Utah, July 24, 1847.
+
+The largest cavern in the world is the Mammoth Cave, Kentucky.
+
+Experiments in electric lighting, by Thomas A. Edison, 1878-80.
+
+Daguerre and Nieper invented the process of daguerreotype, 1839.
+
+First American library founded at Harvard College, Cambridge, 1638.
+
+First cotton raised in the United States was in Virginia, in 1621; first
+exported, 1747.
+
+First sugar-cane cultivated in the United States, near New Orleans,
+1751; first sugar-mill, 1758.
+
+First telegraph in operation in America was between Washington and
+Baltimore, May 27, 1844.
+
+The largest university is Oxford, in England. It consists of twenty-one
+colleges and five halls.
+
+The first illumination with gas was in Cornwall, Eng., 1792; in the
+United States, at Boston, 1822.
+
+Printing was known in China in the 6th century; introduced into England
+about 1474; America, 1516.
+
+The great wall of China, built 200 B. C. is 1,250 miles in length, 20
+feet high, and 25 feet thick at the base.
+
+Glass mirrors first made by Venetians in the 13th century. Polished
+metal was used before that time.
+
+Meerschaum means "froth of the sea." It is white and soft when dug from
+the earth, but soon hardens.
+
+In round numbers, the weight of $1,000,000 in standard gold coin is
+1-3/4 tons; standard silver coin, 26-3/4 tons; subsidiary silver coin,
+25 tons; minor coin, 5-cent nickel, 100 tons.
+
+The highest monument in the world is the Washington monument, being 555
+feet. The highest structure of any kind is the Eiffel Tower, Paris,
+finished in 1889, and 989 feet high.
+
+There has been no irregularity in the recurrence of leap year every four
+years since 1800, except in 1900, which was a common year, although it
+came fourth after the preceding leap year.
+
+It is claimed that crows, eagles, ravens and swans live to be 100 years
+old; herons, 59, parrots, 60; pelicans and geese, 50; skylarks, 30;
+sparrow hawks, 40; peacocks, canaries and cranes, 24.
+
+The greatest cataract in the world is Niagara, the height of the
+American falls being 165 feet. The highest fall of water in the world is
+that of the Yosemite in California, being 2,550 feet.
+
+The most ancient catacombs are those of the Theban kings, begun 4,000
+years ago. The catacombs of Rome contain the remains of about 6,000,000
+human beings; those of Paris, 3,000,000.
+
+The first English newspaper was the English Mercury, issued in the reign
+of Queen Elizabeth, and was issued in the shape of a pamphlet. The
+Gazette of Venice was the original model of the modern newspaper.
+
+The Great Eastern, at one time the greatest steamer afloat, and twice as
+long as any other vessel at the time of her launching, in 1858, was 692
+feet in length and 118 feet in breadth. She was too large to be handled
+profitably with the motive power then available, but proved
+indispensable in the laying of the Atlantic cable. She was broken up and
+sold as junk, although the Isherwood system, on which she was built, has
+since been revived, and is now successfully employed in shipbuilding.
+
+The seven sages flourished in Greece in the 6th century B. C. They were
+renowned for their maxims of life, and as the authors of the mottoes
+inscribed in the Delphian Temple. Their names are: Solon, Chilo,
+Pittacus, Bias, Periander, Cleobolus, and Thales.
+
+A "monkey wrench" is not so named because it is a handy thing to monkey
+with, or for any kindred reason. "Monkey" is not its name at all, but
+"Moncky." Charles Moncky, the inventor of it, sold his patent for
+$2,000, and invested the money in a house in Williamsburgh, Kings
+County, N. Y.
+
+The "Seven Wonders of the World" are seven most remarkable objects of
+the ancient world. They are: The Pyramids of Egypt, Pharos of
+Alexandria, Walls and Hanging Gardens of Babylon, Temple of Diana at
+Ephesus, the Statue of the Olympian Jupiter, Mausoleum of Artemisia, and
+Colossus of Rhodes.
+
+In 1775 there were only twenty-seven newspapers published in the United
+States. Ten years later, in 1785, there were seven published in the
+English language in Philadelphia alone, of which one was a daily. The
+oldest newspaper published in Philadelphia at the time of the Federal
+convention was the Pennsylvania Gazette, established by Samuel Keimer,
+in 1728. The second newspaper in point of age was the Pennsylvania
+Journal, established in 1742 by William Bradford, whose uncle, Andrew
+Bradford, established the first newspaper in Pennsylvania, the American
+Weekly Mercury, in 1719. Next in age, but the first in importance, was
+the Pennsylvania Packet, established by John Dunlap, in 1771. In 1784 it
+became a daily, being the first daily newspaper printed on this
+continent.
+
+"Liberty," Bartholdi's statue, presented to the United States by the
+French people in 1885, is the largest statue ever built. Its conception
+is due to the great French sculptor whose name it bears. It is said to
+be a likeness of his mother. Eight years of time were consumed in the
+construction of this gigantic brazen image. Its weight is 440,000
+pounds, of which 146,000 pounds are copper, the remainder iron and
+steel. The major part of the iron and steel was used in constructing the
+skeleton frame work for the inside. The mammoth electric light held in
+the hands of the giantess is 305 feet above tide-water. The height of
+the figure is 152-1/2 feet; the pedestal 91 feet, and the foundation 52
+feet and 10 inches. Forty persons can find standing-room within the
+mighty head, which is 14-1/2 feet in diameter. A six-foot man standing
+on the lower lip could hardly reach the eyes. The index finger is 8 feet
+in length and the nose 3-3/4 feet. The Colossus of Rhodes was a pigmy
+compared with this latter-day wonder.
+
+The largest and grandest temple of worship in the world is St. Peter's
+Cathedral at Rome. It stands on the site of Nero's circus, in the
+northwest part of the city, and is built in form of a Latin cross. The
+total length of the interior is 612-1/2 English feet; transept, 446-1/2
+feet; height of nave, 152-1/2 feet; diameter of cupola, 193 feet; height
+of dome from pavement to top of cross, 448 feet. The great bell alone,
+without the hammer or clapper, weighs 18,600 pounds, or over 9-1/4 tons.
+The foundation was laid in 1450 A. D. Forty-three Popes lived and died
+during the time the work was in progress. It was dedicated in the year
+1826, but not entirely finished until the year 1880. The cost, in round
+numbers, is set down at $70,000,000.
+
+The great pyramid of Cheops is the largest structure of any kind ever
+erected by the hand of man. Its original dimensions at the base were 764
+feet square, and its perpendicular height in the highest point 488 feet;
+it covers four acres, one rood and twenty-two perches of ground and has
+been estimated by an eminent English architect to have cost not less
+than 30,000,000 pounds, which in United States currency would be about
+$145,200,000. Internal evidence proves that the great pyramid was begun
+about the year 2170 B. c., about the time of the birth of Abraham. It is
+estimated that about 5,000,000 tons of hewn stone were used in its
+construction, and the evidence points to the fact that these stones were
+brought a distance of about 700 miles from quarries in Arabia.
+
+The largest body of fresh water in the world is Lake Superior. It is 400
+miles long and 180 miles wide; its circumference, including the winding
+of its various bays, has been estimated at 1,800 miles. Its area in
+square miles is 32,000, which is greater than the whole of New England,
+leaving out Maine. The greatest depth of this inland sea is 200 fathoms,
+or 1,200 feet. Its average depth is about 160 fathoms. It is 636 feet
+above the sea level.
+
+The corner stone of the Washington monument, the highest in the United
+States, and until 1889 the highest structure in the world, was laid July
+4, 1848. Robert E. Winthrop, then Speaker of the House, delivered the
+oration. Work progressed steadily for about six years, until the funds
+of the monumental society became exhausted. At that time the monument
+was about 175 feet high. From 1854 until 1879 nothing to speak of was
+done on the building. In the year last above named Congress voted an
+appropriation of $200,000 to complete the work. From that time forward
+work progressed at a rapid rate until December 6th, 1884, when the
+aluminum apex was set at 555 feet 5-1/2 inches from the foundation and
+the work declared finished. The foundation is 146-1/2 feet square;
+number of stones used above the 130-foot level, 19,163; total weight
+stone used in work, 81,120 tons.
+
+The largest State in our grand republic is Texas, which contains 274,350
+square miles, capable of sustaining 20,000,000 people, and then it would
+not be more crowded than Scotland is at present. It has been estimated
+that the entire population of the globe could be seated upon chairs
+within the boundary of Texas and each have four feet of elbow room.
+
+The Mississippi River, from the source of the Missouri to the Eads
+jetties, is the longest river in the world. It is 4,300 miles in length
+and drains an area of 1,726,000 square miles. The Amazon, which is
+without doubt the widest river in the world, including the Beni, is
+4,000 miles in length and drains 2,330,000 square miles of territory.
+
+
+
+THE SINGLE TAX.
+
+This idea was first formulated by Mr. Henry George in 1879, and has
+grown steadily in favor. Single-tax men assert as a fundamental
+principle that all men are equally entitled to the use of the earth;
+therefore, no one should be allowed to hold valuable land without paying
+to the community the value of the privilege. They hold that this is the
+only rightful source of public revenue, and they would therefore abolish
+all taxation--local, state and national--except a tax upon the rental
+value of land exclusive of its improvements, the revenue thus raised to
+be divided among local, state and general governments, as the revenue
+from certain direct taxes is now divided between local and state
+governments.
+
+The single tax would not fall on all land, but only on valuable land,
+and on that in proportion to its value. It would thus be a tax, not on
+use or improvements, but on ownership of land, taking what would
+otherwise go to the landlord as owner.
+
+In accordance with the principle that all men are equally entitled to
+the use of the earth, they would solve the transportation problem by
+public ownership and control of all highways, including the roadbeds of
+railroads, leaving their use equally free to all.
+
+The single-tax system would, they claim, dispense with a horde of
+tax-gatherers, simplify government, and greatly reduce its cost; give us
+with all the world that absolute free trade which now exists between the
+States of the Union: abolish all taxes on private issues of money; take
+the weight of taxation from agricultural districts, where land has
+little or no value apart from improvements, and put it upon valuable
+land, such as city lots and mineral deposits. It would call upon men to
+contribute for public expenses in proportion to the natural
+opportunities they monopolize, and make it unprofitable for speculators
+to hold land unused or only partly used, thus opening to labor unlimited
+fields of employment, solving the labor problem and abolishing
+involuntary poverty.
+
+
+
+THE MYSTERIES OF HYPNOTISM.
+
+A Compend of the General Claims Made by Professional Hypnotists.
+
+Animal magnetism is the nerve-force of all human and animal bodies, and
+is common to every person in a greater or less degree. It may be
+transmitted from one person to another. The transmitting force is the
+concentrated effort of will-power, which sends the magnetic current
+through the nerves of the operator to the different parts of the body of
+his subject. It may be transmitted by and through the eyes, as well as
+the finger tips, and the application of the whole open hands, to
+different regions of the body of the subject, as well as to the mind.
+The effect of this force upon the subject will depend very much upon the
+health, mental capacity and general character of the operator. Its
+action in general should be soothing and quieting upon the nervous
+system; stimulating to the circulation of the blood, the brain and other
+vital organs of the body of the subject. It is the use and application
+of this power or force that constitutes hypnotism.
+
+Magnetism is a quality that inheres in every human being, and it may be
+cultivated like any other physical or mental force of which men and
+women are constituted. From the intelligent operator using it to
+overcome disease, a patient experiences a soothing influence that causes
+a relaxation of the muscles, followed by a pleasant, drowsy feeling
+which soon terminates in refreshing sleep. On waking, the patient feels
+rested; all his troubles have vanished from consciousness and he is as
+if he had a new lease of life.
+
+In the true hypnotic condition, when a patient voluntarily submits to
+the operator, any attempt to make suggestions against the interests of
+the patient can invariably be frustrated by the patient.
+Self-preservation is the first law of nature, and some of the best known
+operators who have recorded their experiments assert that suggestions
+not in accord with the best interest of the patient could not be carried
+out. No one was ever induced to commit any crime under hypnosis, that
+could not have been induced to do the same thing much easier without
+hypnosis.
+
+The hypnotic state is a condition of mind that extends from a
+comparatively wakeful state, with slight drowsiness, to complete
+somnambulism, no two subjects, as a rule, ever presenting the same
+characteristics.
+
+The operator, to be successful, must have control of his own mind, be in
+perfect health and have the ability to keep his mind concentrated upon
+the object he desires to accomplish with his subject.
+
+
+
+HOW TO CARE FOR A PIANO.
+By William H. Damon
+
+The most important thing in the preservation of a piano is to avoid
+atmospheric changes and extremes and sudden changes of temperature.
+Where the summer condition of the atmosphere is damp all precautions
+possible should be taken to avoid an entirely dry condition in winter,
+such as that given by steam or furnace heat. In all cases should the air
+in the home contain moisture enough to permit a heavy frost on the
+windows in zero weather. The absence of frost under such conditions is
+positive proof of an entirely dry atmosphere, and this is a piano's most
+dangerous enemy, causing the sounding board to crack, shrinking up the
+bridges, and consequently putting the piano seriously out of tune, also
+causing an undue dryness in all the action parts and often a loosening
+of the glue joints, thus producing clicks and rattles. To obviate this
+difficulty is by no means an easy task and will require considerable
+attention. Permit all the fresh air possible during winter, being
+careful to keep the piano out of cold drafts, as this will cause a
+sudden contraction of the varnish and cause it to check or crack. Plants
+in the room are desirable and vessels of water of any kind will be of
+assistance. The most potent means of avoiding extreme dryness is to
+place a single-loaf bread-pan half full of water in the lower part of
+the piano, taking out the lower panel and placing it on either side of
+the pedals inside. This should be refilled about once a month during
+artificial heat, care being taken to remove the vessel as soon as the
+heat is discontinued in the spring. In cases where stove heat is used
+these precautions are not necessary.
+
+The action of a piano, like any other delicate piece of machinery,
+should be carefully examined, and, if necessary, adjusted each time it
+is tuned. The hammers need occasional and careful attention to preserve
+original tone quality and elasticity. Never allow the piano to be beaten
+or played hard upon. This is ruinous to both the action and tuning. When
+not in use the music rack and top should be closed to exclude dust. The
+keyboard need never be closed, as the ivory needs both light and
+ventilation and will eventually turn yellow unless left open.
+
+The case demands careful treatment to preserve its beauty and polish,
+Never use anything other than a soft piece of cotton cloth or cheese
+cloth to dust it with. Never wipe it with a dry chamois skin or silk
+cloth. Silk is not as soft as cotton and will scratch. A dry chamois
+skin picks up the dust and grit and gradually scours off the fine
+finish. In dusting never use a feather duster, nor rub the piano hard
+with anything. The dust should be whipped off, and not rubbed into the
+varnish. If the piano is dingy, smoky or dirty looking, it should be
+washed carefully with lukewarm water with a little ammonia in it to
+soften it. Never use soap. Use nothing but a small, soft sponge and a
+chamois skin. Wipe over a small part at a time with the sponge,
+following quickly with the wet chamois skin wrung out of the same water.
+This will dry it immediately and leave it as beautiful and clean as new.
+Never use patent polishes. If your piano needs polishing employ a
+competent polisher to give it a hand-rubbing friction polish.
+
+
+
+The highest mountain on the globe is not, as is generally supposed, Mt.
+Everest, that honor belonging to a lofty peak named Mt. Hercules on the
+Isle of Papua, New Guinea, discovered by Capt. Lawson in 1881, According
+to Lawson, this monster is 32,763 feet in height, being 3,781 feet
+higher than Mt. Everest, which is only 29,002 feet above the level of
+the Indian Ocean.
+
+[Transcriber's Note: The highest point in New Guinea is Puncak Jaya
+(Mount Carstensz or the Carstensz Pyramid), at 16,023 feet.]
+
+
+
+SALT-RISING BREAD.
+
+The real formula for making salt-rising bread, as set down by the
+daughter of Governor Stubbs, of Kansas, and by him communicated to
+Theodore Roosevelt, is as follows, according to the "Saturday Evening
+Post":
+
+"On the night before you contemplate this masterpiece of baking take
+half a cupful of corn meal and a pinch each of salt and sugar. Scald
+this with new milk heated to the boiling point and mix to the thickness
+of mush. This can be made in a cup. Wrap in a clean cloth and put in a
+warm place overnight.
+
+"In the morning, when all is ready, take a one-gallon stone jar and into
+this put one scant cupful of new milk. Add a level teaspoonful of salt
+and one of sugar. Scald this with three cupfuls of water heated to the
+boiling point. Reduce to a temperature of one hundred and eight degrees
+with cold water, using a milk thermometer to enable you to get exactly
+the right temperature. Then add flour and mix to a good batter; after
+the batter is made, mix in your starter that was made the night before.
+Cover the stone jar with a plate and put the jar in a large kettle of
+water and keep this water at a temperature of one hundred and eight
+degrees until the sponge rises. It should rise at least an inch and a
+half. When it has raised mix to a stiff dough, make into loaves and put
+into pans. Do not let the heat get out of the dough while working.
+Grease the loaves well on top and set your bread where it will be warm
+and rise. After the loaves rise bake in a medium oven for one hour and
+ten minutes. When you take the loaves from the oven wrap them in a
+bread-cloth."
+
+
+
+A CURE FOR LOVE.
+
+Take twelve ounces of dislike, one pound of resolution, two grains of
+common sense, two ounces of experience, a large sprig of time, and three
+quarts of cooling water of consideration. Set them over a gentle fire of
+love, sweeten it with sugar of forgetfulness, skim it with the spoon of
+melancholy, put it in the bottom of your heart, cork it with the cork of
+clean conscience. Let it remain and you will quickly find ease and be
+restored to your senses again.
+
+These things can be had of the apothecary at the house of Understanding
+next door to Reason, on Prudent street.
+
+
+
+DOING BUSINESS WITH A BANK
+
+In opening your account with a bank it is proper that you should first
+be introduced to the cashier, or some other official. If you are engaged
+in business, that officer will inquire as to your particular business or
+calling, your address, etc., and unless he is already satisfied on this
+point, he may make inquiries as to your business standing. This being
+satisfactory, he will hand you a passbook, and some deposit tickets,
+whereupon you make your first deposit, entering the amount on the
+ticket. You will then be asked to write your signature in a book
+provided for that purpose, or upon a card to be filed away for
+reference.
+
+
+The Signature.
+
+This signature should be just as you intend to use it in all your
+dealings with the bank. If, for instance, your name is John Henry Smith,
+you may write it J. H. Smith, J. Henry Smith. John H. Smith or John
+Henry Smith, but whatever form you adopt should be used all the time.
+Once having adopted the form, it should be maintained in exactly that
+way. The only excuse for variation from your usual signature is when
+presenting checks or other paper made payable to you. In that case,
+supposing you had adopted the form J. Henry Smith for your regular
+signature, and the check is made payable to John H. Smith, you should
+first write on the back of that check "John H. Smith," and immediately
+under this you should place your regular signature.
+
+
+Depositing Money.
+
+When making a deposit, always use the deposit ticket provided by the
+bank, filling it out yourself in ink. From this ticket, which is first
+checked up by the receiving teller, the amount of your deposit is placed
+to your credit. Do not ask the teller to fill our your deposit ticket.
+No doubt he would be glad to accommodate you, but to do so would violate
+a rule which protects both the bank and the depositor, Deposit tickets
+are preserved by the bank, and often serve to correct mistakes.
+
+
+How to Avoid Mistakes.
+
+Consider for a moment the vast aggregate of bank transactions, and you
+will see that perfect system on the part of the banks and bank officials
+is required to insure accuracy and avoid mistakes. Sometimes the
+requirements of the banks may seem arbitrary and troublesome, but
+reflection will show that they safeguard the depositor as well as the
+bank. The simple rules here laid down will enable anyone who has
+business with a bank to do so with the least trouble and with absolute
+safety.
+
+
+How to Make Out a Check.
+
+Checks are the most satisfactory and most convenient method of paying a
+debt or making any ordinary remittance. The stub of your check book will
+furnish a permanent memorandum, and when the check is canceled and
+returned to you by the bank, it is an indisputable evidence that the
+debt has been paid, or that the remittance has been made. The making of
+a check is a simple matter, but even the best business men make mistakes
+sometimes which are as difficult to remedy as they are easy to avoid.
+The hints here given and the facsimiles of checks printed in
+illustration will repay careful study.
+
+
+[Illustration: A Check Properly Drawn. The name and amount are against
+the left side of their fields.]
+
+
+The first facsimile shows a check properly made. It will be seen, in the
+first place, that this check is written very plainly, and that there is
+no room for the insertion of extra figures or words. The writing of the
+amount commences as nearly as possible to the extreme left of the check.
+The figures are written close together and there is no space between the
+first figure and the dollar mark.
+
+All erasures in checks should be avoided. If you have made a mistake,
+tear a blank check from the back of your check book and use that in
+place of the one spoiled.
+
+Some business men allow their clerks to fill out checks on the
+typewriter. This is ill-advised for two reasons: First, it is much
+easier to alter a typewritten check than one filled in with a pen; in
+the second place, a teller, in passing on the genuineness of a check,
+takes into consideration the character of the handwriting in the body of
+the check as well as in the signature. The typewritten characters offer
+no clue to individuality.
+
+Never mail a check drawn to "Bearer." Remember that if your check is
+made payable to "Bearer" or to "John Smith or Bearer" it may be cashed
+by anybody who happens to have it. Unless it is for a large amount the
+paying teller of your bank will look only to see whether your signature
+is correct, and, that being right, the bank cannot be held responsible
+if the check should have come into the wrong hands.
+
+A check drawn to order can be cashed only when the person to whose order
+it has been drawn has indorsed it by writing his or her name on the back
+and the bank will be responsible for the correctness of the indorsement.
+
+If you make your check payable say, to William Armstrong or order,
+nobody but William Armstrong, or some one to whom he indorses the check,
+can collect the amount, and if through fraud or otherwise some one not
+entitled to it gets the money which the check calls for, the
+responsibility is not yours, but the bank's. It is for that reason that
+bankers and business men use such great care in accepting checks.
+
+
+[Illustration: A Check Carelessly Drawn. The text and numbers for the
+amount is in the center of their fields, leaving of space for extra
+text.]
+
+[Illustration: The Same Check "Raised". The amount has been changed from
+One Hundred/100.00 to Eighty-One Hundred/$8100.00.]
+
+
+For the same reason you should never accept a check from anybody whom
+you do not know as responsible, and you should not be surprised or
+angered if some one else should hesitate to take a check from you.
+
+Checks or drafts received by you should be deposited as soon as
+possible. Should you receive a check for a considerable amount and have
+no convenient bank account, you should go to the bank on which the check
+is drawn and have the cashier certify it by stamping "Accepted" or
+"Certified" across the face over his signature. That formality makes the
+paper as good as money so long as the bank accepting it is solvent.
+
+It sometimes happens that a check drawn in good faith by a responsible
+party is withheld so long by the person receiving it that there is no
+money to the account when the check is finally presented.
+
+
+Paying Notes and Acceptances.
+
+Make your notes and accepted drafts payable at the bank where you do
+business. Whether it or other banks hold them for collection, they will
+be presented to your bank when due.
+
+Pay your notes, etc., on the day they fall due, and early in the day if
+convenient, or leave a check for the amount with your bank on the day
+before your paper matures. Banks will not pay notes or drafts without
+instructions.
+
+Keep a careful record of the days of maturity of all your paper. Banks
+usually notify all payers a few days beforehand when their paper
+matures, but this is only courtesy on their part and not an obligation.
+
+
+Exchange.
+
+"Exchange" means funds in other cities made available by bankers' drafts
+on such places. These drafts afford the safest and cheapest means for
+remitting money. Drafts on New York are worth their face value
+practically all over the United States in settlement of accounts.
+
+
+Collections.
+
+A draft is sometimes the most convenient form for collecting an account.
+The prevalence of the custom is due to the fact that most men will wait
+to be asked to pay a debt. If a draft is a time draft it is accepted by
+the person on whom it is drawn by writing his name and date across the
+face. This makes it practically a note, to be paid at maturity.
+
+Notes or drafts that you desire to have collected for you by your bank
+should be left at the bank several days before they are due, so as to
+give ample time to notify the payers.
+
+
+Borrowing.
+
+Banks are always willing to loan their funds to responsible persons
+within reasonable limits. That is what they exist for. There is, of
+course, a limit to the amount a bank may loan, even on the best known
+security, but the customer of the bank is entitled to and will receive
+the first consideration.
+
+The customer should not hesitate, when occasion requires, to offer to
+the bank for discount such paper as may come into his hands in the
+course of business, if, in his opinion, the paper is good. At the same
+time he should not be offended if his bank refuses to take it even
+without giving reasons.
+
+
+Indorsing Checks, Etc.
+
+When depositing checks, drafts, etc., see that they are dated properly
+and that the written amounts and figures correspond. The proper way to
+indorse a check or draft--this also applies to notes and other
+negotiable paper--is to write your name upon the back about one inch
+from the top. The proper end may be determined in this way: As you read
+the check, holding one end in each hand, draw the right hand toward you,
+and turn the check over. The end which is then farthest from you is the
+top. If, however, the check, draft or note has already been indorsed by
+another person, you should write your name directly under the other
+indorsement, even if that is on the wrong end. If your own name on the
+face of the check, draft or note is misspelled, or has the wrong
+initials, but if the paper is clearly intended for you, you should first
+write your name as it appears on the face, and under it your regular
+signature. You should indorse every check you deposit, even though it be
+payable to bearer.
+
+
+Mistakes in Banking.
+
+Mr. Samuel Woods, a member of the American Institute of Bank Clerks,
+recently contributed to Munsey's Magazine an interesting article on the
+subject of "Mistakes in Banking." From this we are permitted by the
+courtesy of the publishers of Munsey's to reproduce two of the
+facsimiles shown.
+
+One wrong word, or figure, or letter--the right thing in the wrong way
+or the wrong place--the scratch of an eraser or the alteration of a
+word--or any one of these things, in the making or cashing of a check,
+is liable to become as expensive as a racing automobile.
+
+The paying teller of a bank, says Mr. Woods, must keep his eyes open for
+new dangers as well as old ones. The cleverest crooks in the country are
+pitting their brains against his. After he has learned the proper guard
+for all the well-known tricks and forgeries it is still possible that an
+entirely new combination may leave him minus cash and plus experience.
+
+But it is not the unique and novel swindle that is most dangerous,
+either to a bank or an individual. It is the simple, ordinary mistake or
+the time-worn trick that makes continuous trouble. Apparently, every new
+generation contains a number of dishonest people who lay the same traps,
+and a number of careless people who fall into these traps in the same
+old way.
+
+
+Check-Raising Made Easy.
+
+One of the first lessons, for instance, that a depositor should learn
+before he is qualified to own a check-book is to commence writing the
+amount as near as possible to the extreme left of the check. Those who
+forget this are often reminded of it in a costly way. Some one "raises"
+their checks by writing another figure in front of the proper amount.
+"Five hundred" might be "raised" to "twenty-five hundred" in this way,
+even by an unskilled forger.
+
+The highest court has recently decided that a bank cannot be held
+responsible, when it pays a "raised" check, if the maker of the check
+failed in the first place to write it out correctly. The treasurer of
+the Bath Electric Company, of Bath, Maine, had written a check for one
+hundred dollars, which was raised to eighty-one hundred dollars and
+cashed. The court held that the company, and not the bank, should lose
+the eight thousand dollars, because of the "gross carelessness" in
+drawing up the check. Facsimiles showing the check as originally written
+and as it looked when paid are here reproduced.
+
+
+Altered Words and Figures.
+
+The altered check is the bane of the paying teller's profession, and it
+is the general practice in conservative banks to accept no checks or
+other paper which shows signs of erasure or alteration in either words
+or figures.
+
+
+
+THE NAMES OF THE STATES.
+
+Alabama--Indian; meaning "Here we rest."
+
+Arkansas"--Kansas," the Indian name for "smoky water," with the French
+prefix "arc," bow or bend in the principal river.
+
+California--Caliente Fornala, Spanish for "hot furnace," in allusion to
+the climate.
+
+Colorado--Spanish; meaning "colored," from the red color of the Colorado
+river.
+
+Connecticut--Indian; meaning "long river."
+
+Delaware--Named in honor of Lord De La Ware.
+
+Florida--Named by Ponce de Leon, who discovered it in 1512, on Easter
+Day, the Spanish Pascua de Flores, or "Feast of Flowers."
+
+Georgia--In honor of George II. of England.
+
+Illinois--From the Indian "illini," men, and the French suffix "ois,"
+together signifying "tribe of men."
+
+Indiana--Indian land. Iowa--Indian; meaning "beautiful land.'"
+
+Kansas--Indian; meaning "smoky water."
+
+Kentucky--Indian for "at the head of the river," or "the dark and bloody
+ground."
+
+Louisiana--In honor of Louis XIV. of France.
+
+Maine--From the province of Maine, in France.
+
+Maryland--In honor of Henrietta Maria, queen of Charles I. of England.
+
+Massachusetts--The place of the great hills (the blue hills southwest of
+Boston).
+
+Michigan--The Indian name for a fish weir. The lake was so called from
+the fancied resemblance of the lake to a fish trap.
+
+Minnesota--Indian; meaning "sky-tinted water."
+
+Mississippi--Indian; meaning "great father of waters." Missouri--Indian;
+meaning "muddy."
+
+Nebraska--Indian; meaning "water valley."
+
+Nevada--Spanish; meaning "snow-covered," alluding to the mountains.
+
+New Hampshire--From Hampshire county, England.
+
+New Jersey--In honor of Sir George Carteret, one of the original
+grantees, who had previously been governor of Jersey Island.
+
+New York--In honor of the Duke of York.
+
+North and South Carolina--Originally called Carolina, in honor of
+Charles IX. of France.
+
+Ohio--Indian; meaning "beautiful river."
+
+Oregon--From the Spanish "oregano," wild marjoram, which grows
+abundantly on the coast.
+
+Pennsylvania--Latin; meaning Penn's woody land.
+
+Rhode Island--From a fancied resemblance to the island of Rhodes in the
+Mediterranean.
+
+Tennessee--Indian; meaning "river with the great bend."
+
+Texas--Origin of this name is unknown.
+
+Vermont--French; meaning "green mountain."
+
+Virginia--In honor of Elizabeth, the "Virgin Queen."
+
+Wisconsin--Indian; meaning "gathering of the waters," or "wild rushing
+channel."
+
+
+
+MOTTOES OF THE STATES.
+
+Arkansas--Regnant populi: The peoples rule.
+
+California--Eureka: I have found it. Colorado--Nil sine numine: Nothing
+without the Divinity.
+
+Connecticut--Qui transtulit sustinet: He who has transferred, sustains.
+
+Delaware--Liberty and Independence.
+
+Florida--In God is Our trust.
+
+Georgia--Wisdom, Justice, Moderation.
+
+Illinois--State Sovereignty and National Union.
+
+Iowa--Our liberties we prize, and our rights we will maintain.
+
+Kansas--Ad astra per aspera: to the stars through rugged ways.
+
+Kentucky--United we stand, divided we fall.
+
+Louisiana--Union and Confidence.
+
+Maine--Dirigo: I direct.
+
+Maryland--Crescite et multiplicamini: Increase and multiply.
+
+Massachusetts--Ense petit placidam sub libertate quietam: By her sword
+she seeks under liberty a calm repose.
+
+Michigan--Si quaeris peninsulam amoeanam  circumspice: If thou seekest a
+beautiful peninsula, look around.
+
+Minnesota--L'Etoile du Nord: The Star of the North.
+
+Missouri--Salus populi suprema lex esto: Let the welfare of the people
+be the supreme law.
+
+Nebraska--Popular Sovereignty.
+
+Nevada--Volens et potens: Willing and able.
+
+New Jersey--Liberty and Independence.
+
+New York--Excelsior: Higher.
+
+Ohio--Imperium in imperio: An empire within an empire.
+
+Oregon--Alis volat propriis: She flies with her own wings.
+
+Pennsylvania--Virtue, Liberty, Independence.
+
+Rhode Island--Hope.
+
+South Carolina--Animis opibusque parati: Ready with our lives and
+property.
+
+Tennessee--Agriculture, Commerce. Vermont--Freedom and Unity.
+
+Virginia--Sic semper tyrannis: So be it ever to tyrants.
+
+West Virginia--Montani semper liberi: The mountaineers are always free.
+
+Wisconsin--Forward.
+
+United States
+  E pluribus unum: From many, one.
+
+  Annuit captis: God has favored the undertaking;
+
+  Vovus ordo seclorum: A new order of ages.
+
+  The first named on one side of the great seal, the other two on the
+  reverse.
+
+
+
+GEOGRAPHICAL NICKNAMES.
+
+States and Territories.
+
+Alabama, Cotton State;
+
+Arkansas, Toothpick and Bear State;
+
+California, Eureka and Golden State;
+
+Colorado, Centennial State;
+
+Connecticut, Land of Steady Habits: Freestone State and Nutmeg State;
+
+Dakota, Sioux State;
+
+Delaware, Uncle Sam's Pocket Handkerchief and Blue Hen State;
+
+Florida, Everglade and Flowery State;
+
+Georgia, Empire State of the South;
+
+Idaho, Gem of the Mountains;
+
+Illinois, Prairie and Sucker State;
+
+Indiana, Hoosier State;
+
+Iowa, Hawkeye State;
+
+Kansas, Jayhawker State;
+
+Kentucky, Corn-cracker State;
+
+Louisiana, Creole State;
+
+Maine, Timber and Pine Tree State;
+
+Maryland, Monumental State;
+
+Massachusetts, Old Bay State;
+
+Michigan, Wolverine and Peninsular State;
+
+Minnesota, Gopher and North Star State;
+
+Mississippi, Eagle State;
+
+Missouri, Puke State;
+
+Nebraska, Antelope State;
+
+Nevada, Sage State;
+
+New Hampshire, Old Granite State;
+
+New Jersey, Blue State and New Spain;
+
+New Mexico, Vermin State;
+
+New York, Empire State;
+
+North Carolina, Rip Van Winkle, Old North and Turpentine State;
+
+Ohio, Buckeye State;
+
+Oregon, Pacific State;
+
+Pennsylvania, Keystone, Iron and Oil State;
+
+Rhode Island, Plantation State and Little Rhody;
+
+South Carolina, Palmetto State;
+
+Tennessee, Lion's Den State;
+
+Texas, Lone Star State;
+
+Utah, Mormon State;
+
+Vermont, Green Mountain State;
+
+Virginia, Old Dominion;
+
+Wisconsin, Badger and Copper State.
+
+
+
+Natives of States and Territories.
+
+Alabama, lizards;
+
+Arkansas, toothpicks;
+
+California, gold-hunters;
+
+Colorado, rovers;
+
+Connecticut, wooden nutmegs;
+
+Dakota, squatters;
+
+Delaware, muskrats;
+
+Florida, fly-up-the-creeks;
+
+Georgia, buzzards;
+
+Idaho, fortune seekers;
+
+Illinois, suckers;
+
+Indiana, hoosiers;
+
+Iowa, hawkeyes;
+
+Kansas, jayhawkers;
+
+Kentucky, corn-crackers;
+
+Louisiana, creoles;
+
+Maine, foxes;
+
+Maryland, clam-humpers;
+
+Massachusetts, Yankees;
+
+Michigan, wolverines;
+
+Minnesota, gophers;
+
+Mississippi, tadpoles;
+
+Missouri, pukes;
+
+Nebraska, bugeaters;
+
+Nevada, sagehens;
+
+New Hampshire, granite boys;
+
+New Jersey, blues or clam-catchers;
+
+New Mexico, Spanish Indians;
+
+New York, Knickerbockers;
+
+North Carolina, tarheels;
+
+Ohio, buckeyes;
+
+Oregon, hard cases;
+
+Pennsylvania, pennamites, or leather-heads;
+
+Rhode Island, gun flints;
+
+South Carolina, weazles;
+
+Tennessee, whelps;
+
+Texas, beef-heads;
+
+Utah, polygamists;
+
+Vermont, Green Mountain boys;
+
+Virginia, beagles;
+
+Wisconsin, badgers.
+
+
+
+Nicknames of Cities.
+
+Atlanta, Gate City of the South;
+
+Baltimore, Monumental City;
+
+Bangor, Lumber City;
+
+Boston, Modern Athens, Literary Emporium, City of Notions and Hub of the
+Universe;
+
+Brooklyn, City of Churches;
+
+Buffalo, Queen of the Lakes;
+
+Burlington (Iowa), Orchard City;
+
+Charleston, Palmetto City;
+
+Chicago, Prairie, or Garden City;
+
+Cincinnati, Queen of the West and Porkopolis;
+
+Cleveland, Forest City;
+
+Denver, City of the Plains;
+
+Detroit, City of the Straits;
+
+Hartford, Insurance City;
+
+Indianapolis, Railroad City;
+
+Keokuk, Gate City.;
+
+Lafayette, Star City;
+
+Leavenworth, Cottonwood City;
+
+Louisville, Falls City;
+
+Lowell, Spindle City;
+
+McGregor, Pocket City;
+
+Madison, Lake City;
+
+Milwaukee, Cream City;
+
+Nashville, Rock City;
+
+New Haven, Elm City;
+
+New Orleans, Crescent City;
+
+New York, Empire City, Commercial Emporium, Gotham, and Metropolis of
+America;
+
+Philadelphia, City of Brotherly Love, City of Penn, Quaker City, and
+Centennial City;
+
+Pittsburgh, Iron City and Smoky City;
+
+Portland (Me.), Hill City;
+
+Providence, Roger Williams' City, and Perry Davis' Pain Killer;
+
+Raleigh, Oak City;
+
+Richmond, (Va.), Cockade City;
+
+Richmond (Ind.), Quaker City of the West;
+
+Rochester, Aqueduct City;
+
+Salt Lake City, Mormon City;
+
+San Francisco, Golden Gate;
+
+Savannah, Forest City of the South;
+
+Sheboygan, Evergreen City;
+
+St. Louis, Mound City;
+
+St. Paul, North Star City;
+
+Vicksburg, Key City;
+
+Washington, City of Magnificent Distances, and Federal City.
+
+
+
+THEOSOPHY.
+
+Much is said nowadays about theosophy, which is really but another name
+for mysticism. It is not a philosophy, for it will have nothing to do
+with philosophical methods; it might be called a religion, though it has
+never had a following large enough to make a very strong impression on
+the world's religious history. The name is from the Greek word
+theosophia--divine wisdom--and the object of theosophical study is
+professedly to understand the nature of divine things. It differs,
+however, from both philosophy and theology even when these have the same
+object of investigation. For, in seeking to learn the divine nature and
+attributes, philosophy employs the methods and principles of natural
+reasoning; theology uses these, adding to them certain principles
+derived from revelation. Theosophy, on the other hand, professes to
+exclude all reasoning processes as imperfect, and to derive its
+knowledge from direct communication with God himself. It does not,
+therefore, accept the truths of recorded revelation as immutable, but as
+subject to modification by later and personal revelations. The
+theosophical idea has had followers from the earliest times. Since the
+Christian era we may class among theosophists such sects as
+Neo-Platonists, the Hesychasts of the Greek Church, the Mystics of
+mediaeval times, and, in later times, the disciples of Paracelsus,
+Thalhauser, Bohme, Swedenborg and others. Recently a small sect has
+arisen, which has taken the name of Theosophists. Its leader was an
+English gentleman who had become fascinated with the doctrine of
+Buddhism. Taking a few of his followers to India, they have been
+prosecuting their studies there, certain individuals attracting
+considerable attention by a claim to miraculous powers. It need hardly
+be said that the revelations they have claimed to receive have been,
+thus far, without element of benefit to the human race.
+
+
+
+THE EVOLUTION THEORY.
+
+The evolution or development theory declares the universe as it now
+exists to be the result of a long series of changes which were so far
+related to each other as to form a series of growths analogous to the
+evolving of the parts of a growing organism. Herbert Spencer defines
+evolution as a progress from the homogeneous to the heterogeneous, from
+general to special, from the simple to the complex elements of life, and
+it is believed that this process can be traced in the formation of
+worlds in space, in the multiplication of types and species among
+animals and plants, in the origin and changes of languages and
+literature and the arts, and also in all the changes of human
+institutions and society. Asserting the general fact of progress in
+nature, the evolution theory shows that the method of this progress has
+been (1) by the multiplication of organs and functions; (2) according to
+a defined unity of plan, although with (3) intervention of transitional
+forms, and (4) with modifications dependent upon surrounding conditions.
+Ancient writers occasionally seemed to have a glimmering knowledge of
+the fact of progress in nature, but as a theory "evolution" belongs to
+the enlightenment of the nineteenth century. Leibnitz, in the latter
+part of the seventeenth century first uttered the opinion that the earth
+was once in a fluid condition and Kant about the middle of the
+eighteenth century, definitely propounded the nebular hypothesis, which
+was enlarged as a theory by the Herschels. The first writer to suggest
+the transmutation of species among animals was Buffon, about 1750, and
+other writers followed out the idea. The eccentric Lord Monboddo was the
+first to suggest the possible descent of man from the ape, about 1774.
+In 1813 Dr. W. C. Wells first proposed to apply the principle of natural
+selection to the natural history of man, and in 1822 Professor Herbert
+first asserted the probable transmutation of species of plants. In 1844
+a book appeared called "Vestiges of Creation," which, though evidently
+not written by a scientific student, yet attracted great attention by
+its bold and ingenious theories. The authorship of this book was never
+revealed until after the death of Robert Chambers, a few years since, it
+became known that this publisher, whom no one would ever have suspected
+of holding such heterodox theories, had actually written it. But the two
+great apostles of the evolution theory were Charles Darwin and Herbert
+Spencer. The latter began his great work, the "First Principles of
+Philosophy," showing the application of evolution in the facts of life,
+in 1852. In 1859 appeared Darwin's "Origin of Species." The hypothesis
+of the latter was that different species originated in spontaneous
+variation, and the survival of the fittest through natural selection and
+the struggle for existence. This theory was further elaborated and
+applied by Spencer, Darwin, Huxley, and other writers in Europe and
+America, and though to-day by no means all the ideas upheld by these
+early advocates of the theory are still accepted, evolution as a
+principle is now acknowledged by nearly all scientists. It is taken to
+be an established fact in nature, a valid induction from man's knowledge
+of natural order.
+
+
+
+THE ENGLISH SPARROW.
+
+The first English sparrow was brought to the United States in 1850, but
+it was not until 1870 that the species can be said to have firmly
+established itself. Since then it has taken possession of the country.
+Its fecundity is amazing. In the latitude of New York and southward it
+hatches, as a rule, five or six broods in a season, with from four to
+six young in a brood. Assuming the average annual product of a pair to
+be twenty-four young, of which half are females and half males, and
+assuming further, for the sake of computation, that all live, together
+with their offspring, it will be seen that in ten years the progeny of a
+single pair would be 275,716,983,698.
+
+
+
+FEMININE HEIGHT AND WEIGHT.
+
+It is often asked how stout a woman ought to be in proportion to her
+height. A very young girl may becomingly be thinner than a matron, but
+the following table gives a fair indication of proper proportions:
+
+Height                  Pounds   Height                     Pounds
+Five feet           about 100    Five feet 7 inches.  about  150
+Five feet 1 inch    about 106    Five feet 8 inches.  about  155
+Five feet 2 inches  about 113    Five feet 10 inches. about  163
+Five feet 3 inches  about 119    Five feet 10 inches. about  169
+Five feet 4 inches  about 130    Five feet 11 inches. about  176
+Five feet 5 inches  about 138    Six feet             about  180
+Five feet 6 inches  about 144    Six feet 1 inch      about  186
+
+
+
+WHEN A MAN BECOMES OF AGE.
+
+The question sometimes arises whether it man is entitled to vote at an
+election held on the day preceding the twenty-first anniversary of his
+birth. Blackstone, in his Commentaries, book 1, page 463, says: "Full
+age in male or female is 21 years, which age is completed on the day
+preceding the anniversary of a person's birth, who, till that time, is
+an infant, and so styled in law." The late Chief Justice Sharswood, in
+his edition of Blackstone's Commentaries, quotes Christian's note on the
+above as follows: "If he is born on the 16th day of February, 1608, he
+is of age to do any legal act on the morning of the 15th of February,
+1629, though he may not have lived twenty-one years by nearly
+forty-eight hours. The reason assigned is that in law there is no
+fraction of a day; and if the birth were on the last second of one day
+and the act on the first second of the preceding day twenty-one years
+after, then twenty-one years would be complete, and in the law it is the
+same whether a thing is done upon one moment of the day or another."
+
+
+
+DREAMS AND THEIR MEANING
+
+The Bible speaks of dreams as being sometimes prophetic, or suggestive
+of future events.
+
+This belief has prevailed in all ages and countries, and there are
+numerous modern examples, apparently authenticated, which would appear
+to favor this hypothesis.
+
+The interpretation of dreams was a part of the business of the
+soothsayers at the royal courts of Egypt, Babylon and other ancient
+nations.
+
+Dreams and visions have attracted the attention of mankind of every age
+and nation. It has been claimed by all nations, both enlightened and
+heathen, that dreams are spiritual revelations to men; so much so, that
+their modes of worship have been founded upon the interpretation of
+dreams and visions. Why should we discard the interpretation of dreams
+while our mode of worship, faith and knowledge of Deity are founded upon
+the interpretation of the dreams and visions of the prophets and seers
+of old.
+
+Dreams vividly impressed upon the mind are sure to be followed by some
+event.
+
+We read in the Holy Scripture the revelation of the Deity to His chosen
+people, through the prophet Joel: "And it shall come to pass, afterward,
+that I will pour out My Spirit on all flesh, and your sons and your
+daughters shall prophesy, your old men shall dream dreams, your young
+men shall see visions, and also upon the servants and the handmaids in
+those days will I pour out My Spirit." (Joel ii, 28.)
+
+Both sacred and profane history contain so many examples of the
+fulfilment of dreams that he who has no faith in them must be very
+skeptical indeed.
+
+Hippocrates says that when the body is asleep the soul is awake, and
+transports itself everywhere the body would be able to go; knows and
+sees all that the body could see or know were it awake; that it touches
+all that the body could touch. In a word, it performs all the actions
+that the body of a sleeping man could do were he awake.
+
+A dream, to have a significance, must occur to the sleeper while in
+healthy and tranquil sleep. Those dreams of which we have not a vivid
+conception, or clear remembrance, have no significance.
+
+Those of which we have a clear remembrance must have formed in the mind
+in the latter part of the night, for up to that time the faculties of
+the body have been employed in digesting the events of the day.
+
+
+
+DICTIONARY OF DREAMS.
+
+(Note.--If you do not find the word you want, look for a word of
+identical or closely similar meaning.)
+
+A
+
+Abundance--Deceitful security.
+
+Accident--Unexpected meeting.
+
+Acorn--Irreparable fault.
+
+Account--(Of possessions) bankruptcy.
+
+Adultery--(That you commit) scandal, misfortune and disgrace.
+
+Air--(Clear and serene) reconciliation; (dark and gloomy) sadness and
+sickness.
+
+Almonds--Peace, happiness; (tree) success in business.
+
+Altar--Prosperity, speedy marriage.
+
+Alms--(Giving) mediocrity; (receiving) privations.
+
+Anchor--Safe enterprise.
+
+Angry--(That you are) many powerful enemies.
+
+Ape--Enemies, deceit.
+
+Apples--Gain, profit; (to be eating) disappointment.
+
+Apricots--Health, contentment.
+
+Apple Tree--Good news; (if dead) ill news.
+
+Artichokes--Embarrassment, pain.
+
+Argument--Justice done.
+
+Arm--(Right arm cut off) death of a female relative; (both arms cut off)
+captivity and sickness; (broken or withered) sorrows, losses and
+widowhood; (swollen) sudden fortune coming to a dear friend.
+
+Ashes--Misfortune.
+
+Asparagus--Success, profit.
+
+Ass--Quarrel between friends; (one sleeping) security; (one braying)
+dishonor; (ears of one) scandal; (one laden) profit.
+
+Aunt--Wealth and friends.
+
+Angel--Good news.
+
+Ants--Time spent to no purpose.
+
+Authority--(To have) easy times.
+
+
+B
+
+Babe--Happy marriage.
+
+Baker--Gain.
+
+Balloon--Literary note.
+
+Barley--Good fortune.
+
+Basket--Increase.
+
+Babboon--Affronts.
+
+Ball--(For dancing) jealousy, rage, then harmony.
+
+Bank--Never to be rich, except by saving.
+
+Barber--A long story, discontent.
+
+Barn--(Full) wealthy marriage.
+
+Bath--Marriage; (too cold) grief; (too hot) separation; (in running
+water) disappointment; (in stagnant water) misfortune.
+
+Beggar--Help when not expected.
+
+Bells--Alarm, misfortune.
+
+Bear--Danger, misfortune.
+
+Beans--Quarrels.
+
+Bed--Botheration, unrest.
+
+Beer--Fatigue to no purpose.
+
+Bees--Profit; (to catch) success; (stung by) to be over-worked.
+
+Blind Person--False friends.
+
+Blows--(To give) forgiveness; (to receive) advantage.
+
+Boots--(New) success in love and business; (old) quarreling and failure.
+
+Bonnet--(New) flirtation; (old or torn) rivalry.
+
+Boat--(On clear water) happiness; (in muddy water) disgrace.
+
+Bones--Large acquisition by small degrees.
+
+Book--Information.
+
+Bow and Arrows--Love affairs.
+
+Bottles--A feast; (broken) sickness; (empty) melancholy.
+
+Bouquet--(To carry) marriage; (to destroy) separation; (to throw away)
+displeasure.
+
+Brandy--Depravity.
+
+Brook--(Clear) lasting friendship; (troubled) domestic quarrel.
+
+Briars--Disputes.
+
+Betrothal--Brief pleasures.
+
+Birds--New pleasures; (singing) love, good fortune.
+
+Bite--Mistrust, ingratitude.
+
+Billiards--Hazards, dissipation.
+
+Biscuit--Rejoicings, jolly feasting.
+
+Blessing or Benediction--A forced marriage.
+
+Blackbird--Scandal, deceit.
+
+Bridge--(To pass one) success through industry; (to fall from) loss of
+business and disappointment in love.
+
+Bread--Profit; (white) lasting affection; (black) inconstancy.
+
+Bugs--Enemies seeking to do injury.
+
+Bull--(Peaceful) gain; (onset of) apprehension.
+
+Butcher--Death of a friend.
+
+Butterfly--Inconstancy.
+
+Butter--Surprises; (to make) a legacy.
+
+
+C
+
+Cabbage--Health and long life.
+
+Cage--(With bird) liberty; (without bird) imprisonment.
+
+Cakes--Meeting with friends; (to make or eat) prosperity.
+
+Calf--Assured success.
+
+Camel--Riches.
+
+Candle--Favors, praise.
+
+Candy--Ardent love.
+
+Cane--Correction.
+
+Cards--Married life.
+
+Carpenter--Arrangement of affairs.
+
+Cart--Sickness and disgrace.
+
+Cave--Quarrel, loss.
+
+Carving--Business prosperity.
+
+Cat--(To see) treason; (to kill) family quarrels.
+
+Cellar--(Full) passing renown; (empty) health.
+
+Cemetery--(To see) future prosperity; (to be in) news of a death.
+
+Chain--Union; (broken) rupture.
+
+Challenge--Rupture, illusion.
+
+Cherries--Health; (to gather) deception by a woman; (to eat) love.
+
+Chicken--(Cooking) good news.
+
+Cheese--Vexation and after success.
+
+Chestnuts--Home troubles.
+
+Child--(Pretty) pleasure; (ugly) danger; (running) business difficulty.
+
+Church--Heritage; (to pray in) deceit; (to speak aloud in) domestic
+quarrels.
+
+Chess--Affairs embarrassed,
+
+Cider--Distant heritage, dispute.
+
+Clams--Small possessions, stingily kept.
+
+Clock--Marriage; (striking) a competency.
+
+Coal--Persecution.
+
+Cock--Pride, power, success; (one crowing) sudden trouble; (two
+fighting) expensive follies.
+
+Colic--Bickerings, estrangement
+
+Corkscrew--Vexatious inquiries.
+
+Corpse--Long life; news of the living; (one disinterred) infidelity.
+
+Cow--Prosperity, abundance.
+
+Cobbler--Long toil, ill paid.
+
+Coffee--Misfortune.
+
+Coffin--Speedy marriage.
+
+Cooking--A wedding.
+
+Corn--Riches; (to grind) abundance.
+
+Crabs--Ill results of endeavor.
+
+Cradle, or Crib--Increase in the family.
+
+Cricket--Hospitality, home comfort.
+
+Crocodile--A catastrophe.
+
+Cross--(To see) disquiet; (to bear) tranquillity.
+
+Crow--Disappointed expectations, humiliation; (to hear) disgrace.
+
+Crowd--Many matters, much to hear.
+
+Crutches--(To use) gambling losses; (to break or leave) recovery.
+
+Cucumber--Serious illness.
+
+Currants--(Red) friendship; (white) satisfaction; (black) infidelity.
+
+Cypress--Despair, death of one cherished.
+
+
+D
+
+Dancing--(To engage in) successful endeavor; (to see) weariness.
+
+Debts--(Denied) business safety; (admitted) distress.
+
+Doctor--Robustness; (to be one) enjoyment.
+
+Dog--Friendly services; (to play with) suffering through extravagance.
+
+Desertion--Good news, permanence.
+
+Devil--Temptations.
+
+Diamonds--Brief, illusive happiness; (to find) loss; (to sell) peril.
+
+Dice--Doubt, risks.
+
+Dirt--Sickness, detraction.
+
+Dispute--(Friendly) see Argument; (not friendly) see Quarrel.
+
+Dishes--Possessions; (breaking) family quarrels.
+
+Ditch--Bankruptcy.
+
+Door--(Open) opportunities; (closed) unfruitful adventure; (to force)
+reproof.
+
+Dove--Home happiness, a lover.
+
+Draughts--(To play at) disappointment.
+
+Drawing--A proposal for rejection.
+
+Drowning--Happiness.
+
+Drum--Small difficulties, trifling loss.
+
+Duck--Profit and pleasure; (to kill one) misfortune.
+
+Duel--Rivalries; dissension.
+
+Dumb--(One's self) quarrels; (another) peace.
+
+Dwarf--Feeble foes.
+
+Dyer--Embarrassed affairs.
+
+
+E
+
+Eagle--Worthy ambition; (kill one) gratified wishes.
+
+Eating--Botheration.
+
+Eclipse--(The sun) loss; (the moon) profit.
+
+Eels--(Alive) vexation; (dead) vengeance satisfied.
+
+Eggs--(A few) riches; (many) misadventure.
+
+Elephant--Power; (feed one) gain of a service.
+
+Embroidery--Love, ambition.
+
+Epitaph--Indiscretion.
+
+Eyes--Bad luck.
+
+
+F
+
+Face--(Smiling) joy; (pale) trouble.
+
+Fairs--Sudden loss.
+
+Falling--Dangerous elevation; (in a hole) calumny, disappointment.
+
+Fan----Pride, rivalry.
+
+Farmer--Full, good living.
+
+Fatigue--Successful enterprise.
+
+Father-in-Law--Unlucky.
+
+Feast--Trouble ahead.
+
+Feathers--(White) great joy, friendship; (black) hindrances.
+
+Fields--Joy, good health, domestic happiness.
+
+Fingers--(Scalded) envy; (cut) grief; (to see more than five on one
+hand) new relatives.
+
+Figs--(Dried) festivity; (green) hope; (to eat) transient pleasures.
+
+Flowers--Happiness; (to gather) benefit; (to cast away) quarrels.
+
+Flute--News of a birth.
+
+Fire--Anger, danger.
+
+Firearms--(To see) anger; (blaze of) spite; (to hear) havoc.
+
+Fish--Success, joy; (to catch) deceit of friends.
+
+Flag--Contention; (to bear) fame, honor.
+
+Flame--(Luminous) good news.
+
+Fleas--Unhappiness; (to kill) triumph over enemies.
+
+Flies--That some one is jealous of us.
+
+Flood--Misfortunes, calumny.
+
+Fog--Deception.
+
+Forest--Loss, shame.
+
+Fountain--Abundance, health.
+
+Fox--To be duped; (to kill) to triumph over enemies.
+
+Frogs--Distrust; (hopping) vexation, annoyance.
+
+Fruits--Joy, prosperity, gain; (to eat) be deceived by a woman;
+(throwaway) trouble through others' envy.
+
+Funeral--Inheritance, news of a birth or marriage.
+
+Fur--(On the body) health and long life.
+
+
+G
+
+Gallows--Dignities and honors (proportionate to height).
+
+Gambling--Deception.
+
+Game--(Live) adventure.
+
+Garden--Bright future days; (well kept) increase of fortune;
+(disorderly) business losses and failure.
+
+Garlic--Deceived by a woman.
+
+Garments--Annoyance;  (white) innocence, comfort; (black) death of a
+friend; (torn or soiled) sadness, misfortune.
+
+Garter--Happy marriage.
+
+Gauze--Affected modesty.
+
+Ghost--(White) consolation; (black) temptation.
+
+Gift--(From a man) danger; (from a woman) spite.
+
+Gloves--Friendly advances.
+
+Goat--(White) prosperity; (black) sickness.
+
+Gold--Profit, fortune.
+
+Goose--Same as Duck; (catch one) ensnarement.
+
+Grandparents--Occasion for repentance.
+
+Grapes--Enjoyment, rejoicing; (scant or poor) deprivations.
+
+Grass--(Green) long life.
+
+Grasshopper--Lost harvest or savings.
+
+Grave--(Open) loss of a friend; (filled up) good fortune.
+
+Guitar--Deception, ill-conduct.
+
+Gypsy--Small troubles.
+
+
+H
+
+Hail--Trouble, sadness.
+
+Hair--(Orderly) comfort, complacency; (tangled) perplexities; (falling
+out) anxieties.
+
+Ham--Happiness.
+
+Harp--A handsome partner.
+
+Harvest--Wealth in the country.
+
+Hay--Abundance.
+
+Heart--(Pain or troubles) sickness, danger.
+
+Heaven--Some joyful event will happen.
+
+Hell--You lead a bad life and should reform before it is too late.
+
+Hen--Profit; (hear one) consolation; (one laying) joy.
+
+Herbs--Prosperity; (to eat) grief.
+
+Hermit--Treacherous friend.
+
+Hill--(Up one) success; (down) misadventure.
+
+Hole--Obstacles. See Falling.
+
+Holly--Annoyance.
+
+Honey--Success in business.
+
+Horse--(See white one) unexpected good fortune; (see black one) partial
+success; (mount or ride) success in enterprise; (curry one) a speedy
+journey.
+
+Hotel--(See one) wandering; (be in) discomfort.
+
+House--(New or strange) consolation; (many) bewilderment.
+
+Hunger--Profitable employment.
+
+Hunt--Snares, accusations.
+
+Husband--If a wife dreams that her husband is married to another it
+betokens separation.
+
+
+I
+
+Ice--Treachery, misadventure.
+
+Imps--Occasion for caution.
+
+Infants--Connubial felicity.
+
+Ink--Reconciliation; (upset) separation.
+
+Insanity--Bright ideas, wise thought.
+
+Iron--Cruel experience.
+
+Island--Solitude, loneliness.
+
+Itch--Small foes.
+
+Ivory--Profitable enterprise.
+
+Intoxication--(One's self) pleasures; (another) scandal.
+
+Ivy--Children many and handsome.
+
+
+J
+
+Jail--(To enter) safety; (leaving one) single blessedness.
+
+Jaw--Riches in the family.
+
+Jew--Trickery.
+
+Joy--Bad news.
+
+Judge--Punishment.
+
+Jug--Loss through awkwardness or neglect.
+
+
+K
+
+Keys--Explanations, progress in knowledge; (to lose) perplexity.
+
+Killing--(To see) security; (one's self) love quarrels; (another)
+jealousy.
+
+Kids--Consolation.
+
+King--Satisfaction, progress in affairs.
+
+Kiss--(In the light) true love; (in the dark) risks; (a stranger) a new
+lover; (a rival) treason; (married woman kissed by a stranger) a new
+baby and a jealous husband.
+
+Kitchen--Arrivals.
+
+Kite--Vain glory.
+
+Knife--Inconstancy, dissension.
+
+Knitting--Mischievous talk, malice.
+
+Knots--Embarrassments, difficulties.
+
+
+L
+
+Labor--Conjugal happiness, increase of fortune.
+
+Ladder--(To go up) brief glory; (to go down) debasement.
+
+Lady--Humiliation; (many) gossip.
+
+Lambs--(To see) peace; (to have) profit; (to carry) success; (to buy)
+great surprise; (to kill) secret grief.
+
+Lame Person--Business misfortune.
+
+Lamps--(Unlit) neglect; (lighted) love troubles.
+
+Landscape--Unexpected gain.
+
+Lantern--(Lighted) safe adventure; (unlit) blunder.
+
+Larks--Riches, elevation.
+
+Laughter--Troubled happiness, botheration.
+
+Leg--(If sound and supple) successful enterprise, prosperous journey.
+
+Letter--(To see) discovery; (to receive) good news from afar.
+
+Lice--Wealth.
+
+Lightning--A love quarrel.
+
+Lily--(Faded) vain hopes; (fine) innocence, happiness.
+
+Linen--Fortune, abundance.
+
+Lion--Future dignity.
+
+Liver--Losses, discomforts.
+
+Lizard--Snares of dubious origin.
+
+Laurel--Honor, gain.
+
+Lawyer--Marriage of a friend.
+
+Lead--Accusations, ingratitude.
+
+Leaves--Transient indisposition.
+
+Leech--Aid in trouble; (many of them) extortion, usury.
+
+Leeks--Labor.
+
+Lettuce--Poverty.
+
+Locksmith--Robbery.
+
+Lottery Tickets--(Number distinct) success in affairs; (number
+indistinct) foolish expenditure.
+
+Love--An all round good indication.
+
+Lovers--Troubles and joys mixed.
+
+
+M
+
+Macaroni--Distress.
+
+Man--(Handsome) love; (ugly) wrangles.
+
+Mantle--Victimizing.
+
+Manure--Depravity, shame.
+
+Maps--A journey.
+
+Marble--Estrangements.
+
+Markets--(A busy one) joyous events; (empty) deprivations.
+
+Marsh--Unfruitful endeavors.
+
+Masks--Hypocrisy.
+
+Measles--Wealth coupled with disgrace.
+
+Meat--(Roast) kind reception, (boiled) melancholy.
+
+Melon--Hope, Success.
+
+Mice--Annoyances.
+
+Milestone--Desires accomplished.
+
+Milk--Love affairs.
+
+Mills--Legacy from a relative
+
+Mire--Mistakes, privations.
+
+Mirror--(To look in) misunderstanding; (broken) misadventure.
+
+Money--Losses in business; (to find) tardy discoveries.
+
+Money-Lender--Persecution.
+
+Monkey--Harmless mischief.
+
+Moon--Love; (bright) continual pleasure; (clouded) sickness, danger to
+one beloved; (full) wealth; (new) awakening affection; (failing) deceit;
+(red) renown.
+
+Mourning--Impending happiness, invitation to a ball or wedding.
+
+Mouth--(Closed so that cannot eat) sudden death; (wider than usual)
+riches.
+
+Mud--Riches.
+
+Mule--Difficulty.
+
+Music--Ease, pleasure.
+
+Mustard--Troubles.
+
+Myrtle--Love declaration.
+
+
+N
+
+Nails--(Broken) misadventure; (very long) emoluments.
+
+Nakedness--Threatened danger.
+
+Navigating--Approaching journey.
+
+Necklace--Jealousy, annoyance.
+
+Needles--Disappointment in love.
+
+Negro--Vexation, annoyance.
+
+Nest--Good luck, profit.
+
+Newspaper--Botheration, gossip.
+
+Night--(Walking) uneasiness, melancholy.
+
+Nightingale--Happy marriage.
+
+Nose--(That yours is large) prosperity and acquaintance with rich
+people.
+
+Nurse--Long life.
+
+Nuts--Peace and satisfaction after trouble and difficulty.
+
+
+O
+
+Oak--(Green) health, strength; (dead or fallen) heavy losses.
+
+Oars--Safe enterprise; (to break or lose) dependence.
+
+Offer of Marriage--New lovers.
+
+Office--(Turn out of) death or loss of property.
+
+Oil--Good harvest.
+
+Old Person--(Man) prudence, wisdom; (woman) scandal.
+
+Olives--Honors and dignities.
+
+Onions--Aggravation, dispute with inferiors.
+
+Opera--Pleasure followed by pain.
+
+Orange Blossom--A marriage.
+
+Oranges--Amusement, pleasure; (sour) chagrin, injury.
+
+Orchard--Much of nothing.
+
+Ostrich--Misadventure through vanity.
+
+Oven--Ease, riches; (hot) feasting.
+
+Owl--Secrets revealed.
+
+Oysters--Satiety.
+
+
+P
+
+Pain--Trouble and recovery.
+
+Painter--That everything will be lovely.
+
+Palm-Tree--Honor, power, victory.
+
+Paper--Tidings; (colored) deceit; (painted) brief happiness.
+
+Parent--Good news.
+
+Parrot--A bad neighbor, tale-bearing.
+
+Pastry--(To eat) annoyance; (to make) good times.
+
+Paths--(Straight) happiness; (crooked) ill to the willful.
+
+Pawnbroker--Little result of big endeavor.
+
+Peacock--Peril through pride, ambition or unwariness.
+
+Peaches--Contentment, pleasure.
+
+Pearls--Tears, distress.
+
+Pears--Treachery; (to eat) tidings of death; (to gather) festivities.
+
+Peas--Good fortune.
+
+Pens--Tidings.
+
+Peddler--You are mistaken in your estimate of a friend.
+
+Pepper--Affliction, vexation.
+
+Pheasant--Good fortune; (to kill one) peril; (to carry one) honor.
+
+Piano--Disputes.
+
+Pig--Pork--(Few) avarice; (many) profits.
+
+Pigeon--Reconciliation.
+
+Pillow--Disturbance.
+
+Pills--Trouble.
+
+Pine Tree--Danger.
+
+Pins--Contradiction.
+
+Pirates--Fortunate adventure.
+
+Pitch--Evil companions.
+
+Pitchfork--Punishment.
+
+Playing--Entertainment.
+
+Plums--Pleasure, happiness.
+
+Policeman--Trouble.
+
+Pomegranate--Power.
+
+Postman--News from the absent.
+
+Poverty--Thrift, advantage.
+
+Preserves--Loss of time and money.
+
+Priest--Reconciliation.
+
+Procession--Happy love.
+
+Pump--(If water) marriage and fortune; (if dry) flirtation.
+
+Purchase--(On credit) deprivations; (for cash) possessions.
+
+Purse--(Empty) something to get; (full) pride, disquiet.
+
+Puzzle--Favors, pleasure.
+
+
+Q
+
+Quail--Family responsibilities.
+
+Quarrel--Constancy, friendship.
+
+Queen--Prosperity.
+
+Questions--Wisdom.
+
+Quill--Particular information.
+
+Quoits--Rivalries.
+
+
+R
+
+Rabbit--(White) friendship; (black) trouble; (many) extensive pleasures.
+
+Racing--Success in life.
+
+Radishes--That you will discover secrets.
+
+Raft--New views.
+
+Rain--Legacy or gift.
+
+Rainbow--Separation.
+
+Rat--Secret enemies; (white) triumph over enemies.
+
+Raven--Misfortune; (hear one) grief.
+
+Reading--Venturesomeness.
+
+Reaper--A picnic party.
+
+Revenge--Repentance.
+
+Ribbons--Prodigality.
+
+Rice--Talking.
+
+Ride--(With men) it is a good sign; (with women) a bad sign.
+
+Ring--Approaching marriage.
+
+Riot--Scarcity through mischief.
+
+Rival--Quarrels.
+
+River--Success in enterprise; (to fall in) attempts of enemies; (to
+throw one's self in) confusion in affairs.
+
+Robber--Fear.
+
+Rock--Annoyance; (to surmount) difficulties overcome.
+
+Roof--Adventure abroad.
+
+Roses--Always of happy omen; (full blown) health, joy, abundance;
+(faded) success, with some drawbacks; (white) innocence; (red)
+satisfaction; (yellow) jealousy.
+
+Ruffles--Honors, profitable occupation.
+
+Ruins--Pleasant surprises.
+
+Rust--Idle times, decay, failure.
+
+
+S
+
+Sailor--Tidings from abroad.
+
+Salad--Embarrassments.
+
+Salt--Wisdom.
+
+Satin or Silk--Gain.
+
+Sausage--Affliction, sickness.
+
+Saw--Satisfactory conclusion in affairs.
+
+Scissors--Enemies, hatred.
+
+Scratches--Inconveniences, annoyances.
+
+Screech-Owl--Death of near relative.
+
+Sculptor--Profit.
+
+Sea--Long journey, large affairs.
+
+Seabeach--Tranquilly.
+
+Secretary--Fortune.
+
+Serenade--News of a marriage.
+
+Sermon--Weariness, sleeplessness.
+
+Servant--(Man) abuse of confidence; (maid) suspicion.
+
+Sewing--Plots.
+
+Shawl--(A fine one) honors; (thin or old) shame; (torn) detraction.
+
+Sheep--Great gain.
+
+Shell--(Filled) success; (empty) ill-omen.
+
+Shepherd--Malice.
+
+Ship--Wishes fulfilled; (in danger) unexpected good fortune.
+
+Shoes--Advantageous speculation; (much worn) a speedy journey.
+
+Shop--(To be in) pleasure denied; (to conduct) dues withheld.
+
+Shroud--Death.
+
+Singing--Vexation.
+
+Skating--(To see) hindrances, crosses; (to do) success.
+
+Skeleton--Disgust.
+
+Sky--(Clear) happiness, peace; (clouded) misfortune.
+
+Sleep--Illusive security.
+
+Slippers--Comfort, satisfaction.
+
+Smoke--Extravagant expectations.
+
+Snail--Infidelity, dishonor.
+
+Snakes--Treason, betrayal.
+
+Sneezing--Long life.
+
+Snow--(In season) good harvest; (unseasonable) discouragement.
+
+Soap--Revelations, assistance.
+
+Soldier--Quarrels.
+
+Soup--Return of health or fortune.
+
+Spectacles--Melancholy, obstacles.
+
+Spider--(In the dark) gain; (in the light) contention; (kill one)
+pleasure.
+
+Sponge--Greed, avarice.
+
+Sports--Pleasure and after regrets.
+
+Spot--(On clothes) sadness; (on the sun) baseless fears.
+
+Spy--(To be one) reprehension; (to see) rumors.
+
+Stable--Hospitality, welcome.
+
+Stag--Gain; (chase one) business failure.
+
+Stammer--Decision, resolution.
+
+Stars--Happiness; (pale) affliction; (shooting) death of relative.
+
+Stocking--(To pull off) comfort; (to pull on) discomfort; (new) a visit;
+(a hole in) deceitful fortune.
+
+Stones--(Under foot) trouble, suffering; (thrown or falling) malice.
+
+Storks--Loss, robbery.
+
+Storm--Contest, vexation.
+
+Stove--Riches.
+
+Stranger--Return of a lost friend.
+
+Strange Bed--Contentment.
+
+Strange Room--A mystery solved.
+
+Strawberries--Unexpected good fortune.
+
+Straws--Poverty.
+
+Street--(To walk in) a favorable reception.
+
+Sugar--Privation and want.
+
+Sun--(Bright) discovery of secrets; (clouded) bad news; (rising)
+success; (setting) losses.
+
+Supper--News of a birth.
+
+Swallow--Successful enterprise.
+
+Swans--Private riches.
+
+Swearing--Disagreeables.
+
+Sweeping--Confidence well placed.
+
+Swimming--Enjoyment.
+
+Swords--Misfortune.
+
+
+T
+
+Table--Joy; (to set) abundance.
+
+Tailor--Unfaithfulness.
+
+Tea--Confusion, incumbrance.
+
+Tears--Joy, comfort.
+
+Teeth--(Handsome) health, goodness; (mean or drawn) vexation, loss.
+
+Ten-Pins--Undesirable adventures.
+
+Tent--Quarrels.
+
+Theater--Sadness, loss.
+
+Thicket--Evasions, apprehensions.
+
+Thief--(To be one) loss; (to lose by one) good speculations.
+
+Thimble--Work hard to find.
+
+Thirst--Affliction.
+
+Thistle--Disputes, folly.
+
+Thorns--Disappointment, pain; (to be pricked by) loss of money.
+
+Thread--Intrigue; (tangled) confusion of affairs; (to break) failure;
+(to split) a secret betrayed.
+
+Thunder--Danger; (to see thunderbolt fall) death of a friend.
+
+Tiger--Fierce enmity.
+
+Toads--Something to disgust.
+
+Tomb--Family matters, nuptials, births.
+
+Torches--Invitation to a wedding.
+
+Trap-Door--(Open) a secret divulged; (shut) mystery.
+
+Travel--(On foot) work; (on wheels) fortune.
+
+Treasure--(That you find one) disappointment.
+
+Trees--In general; (green) hope; (withered) grief; (leafless) deceit;
+(cut down) robbery; (to climb) change of employment.
+
+Trousers--Honors and responsibilities.
+
+Turkey--If you dream of a turkey you will shortly see a fool.
+
+Turnips--Disappointment, annoyance.
+
+Twins--Honors, riches.
+
+
+U
+
+Umbrella--(To a lady) A new lover; (to a gentleman) a breach of promise
+suit.
+
+Uncle--Advantageous marriage.
+
+Undress--(One's self) rebuke; (another) scandal.
+
+Uniform--(To see) humbling; (to wear) flattery.
+
+
+V
+
+Vegetables--(In general) weary toil; (to gather) quarrels; (to eat)
+business losses.
+
+Veil--Marriage; (black) death or separation.
+
+Veins--Grief.
+
+Vermin--Enough and to spare.
+
+Villain--Danger of losing property.
+
+Vine--Fruitfulness, abundance.
+
+Vinegar--(To drink) wrangles; (spoiled) sickness.
+
+Violets--Success of undertakings.
+
+Violin--(In concert) sympathy, consolation; (alone) bereavement.
+
+Visitors--Loneliness.
+
+Virgin--Joy without regret; (pretended one) sorrow, evil.
+
+Vulture--Bitter enmity; (kill one) triumph over foes; (one feeding)
+returning fortune.
+
+
+W
+
+Wagon--(Loaded) emolument; (empty) ease, pleasure.
+
+Wake--Poverty and misery.
+
+Wall--Obstacles; (to be on) prosperity.
+
+War--Misunderstandings and contention.
+
+Wardrobe--Advantage.
+
+Wash-Day--New friends, good resolutions.
+
+Wasps--Annoyance; (to be stung) affronts.
+
+Watch--Time well employed.
+
+Watchman--Trifling loss.
+
+Water--See Bath, Drink; (to drink) a marriage or birth; (to fall into)
+reconciliation.
+
+Water Carrier--Gain.
+
+Wax--Desirable marriage.
+
+Weasel--To be outwitted.
+
+Wedding--Unexpected danger, troubled happiness.
+
+Well--(Draw water from) good fortune; (fall into) peril.
+
+Wheat--Money.
+
+Wheelbarrow, Wheel--Disability, infirmity.
+
+Whirlwind--Danger, scandal.
+
+Widowhood--Satisfaction, new belongings.
+
+Wife--If a man dreams he sees his wife married to another, it betokens a
+separation.
+
+Wolf--Enmity; (to kill one) gain, success.
+
+Woman--Deceit; (fair) love; (ugly) scandal.
+
+Wood-Cutter--Labor without profit.
+
+Woods--(To rich) loss; (to poor) profit.
+
+Work--(Of right hand) prosperity; (of left hand) impecuniosity.
+
+Worms--Secret enemies, ill-health.
+
+Wreck--Catastrophes, peril.
+
+Writing--Pleasant and profitable discovery.
+
+
+Y
+
+Yeast--Increase, abundance.
+
+Yoke--Responsibilities, particularly of marriage.
+
+Youth--Good time, light responsibilities.
+
+
+
+THE LANGUAGE OF FLOWERS.
+
+Flowers may be combined and arranged so as to express even the nicest
+shades of sentiment.
+
+If a flower is offered reversed, its direct significance is likewise
+reversed, so that the flower now means its opposite.
+
+A rosebud divested of its thorns, but retaining its leaves conveys the
+sentiment. "I fear no longer; I hope." Stripped of leaves and thorns, it
+signifies, "There is nothing to hope or fear."
+
+A full-blown rose placed over two buds signifies "Secrecy."
+
+"Yes" is implied by touching the flower given to the lips.
+
+"No" by pinching off a petal and casting it away.
+
+"I am," is expressed by a laurel leaf twined around the bouquet. "I
+have," by an ivy leaf folded together. "I offer you," by a leaf of
+Virginia creeper.
+
+
+Combinations and Their Meaning.
+
+Moss, Rosebud and Myrtle--"A confession of love."
+
+Mignonette and Colored Daisy--"Your qualities surpass your charms of
+beauty."
+
+Lily of the Valley and Ferns--"Your unconscious sweetness has fascinated
+me."
+
+Yellow Rose, Broken Straw and Ivy--"Your jealousy has broken our
+friendship."
+
+Scarlet Geranium, Passion Flower, Purple Hyacinth, and Arbor Vitae--"I
+trust you will find consolation, through faith, in your sorrow; be
+assured of my unchanging friendship."
+
+Columbine, Day Lily, Broken Straw, Witch Hazel and Colored Daisy--"Your
+folly and coquetry have broken the spell of your beauty."
+
+White Pink, Canary Grass and Laurel--"Your talent and perseverance will
+win you glory."
+
+Golden-Rod and Monkshead, Sweet Pea and Forge-me-not--"Be cautious;
+danger is near; I depart soon; forget me not."
+
+
+Significance of Single Flowers.
+
+Arbor Vitae--Unchanging friendship.
+
+Camelia, White--Loveliness.
+
+Candy-Tuft--Indifference.
+
+Carnation, Deep Red--Alas! for my poor heart.
+
+Carnation, White--Disdain.
+
+China-Aster--Variety.
+
+Clover, Four-Leaf--Be mine.
+
+Clover, White--Think of me.
+
+Clover, Red--Industry.
+
+Columbine--Folly.
+
+Columbine, Purple--Resolved to win.
+
+Daisy--Innocence.
+
+Dead Leaves--Sadness.
+
+Deadly Nightshade--Falsehood.
+
+Fern--Fascination.
+
+Forget-me-not--True love, Forget me not.
+
+Fuschia, Scarlet--Taste.
+
+Geranium, Rose--Preference.
+
+Geranium, Scarlet--Consolation.
+
+Golden-Rod--Be cautious.
+
+Heliotrope--Devotion.
+
+Honey-Flower--Love, sweet and secret.
+
+Hyacinth, White--Unobtrusive loveliness.
+
+Ivy--Fidelity.
+
+Lady's Slipper--Win me and wear me.
+
+Lily, Day--Coquetry.
+
+Lily, White-Sweetness.
+
+Lily, Yellow--Gaiety.
+
+Lily of the Valley--Return of happiness.
+
+Mignonette--Your qualities surpass your charm.
+
+Monkshead--Danger is near.
+
+Myrtle--Love.
+
+Oats--The witching soul of music.
+
+Orange Blossoms--Chastity.
+
+Pansy--Thoughts.
+
+Passion Flower--Faith.
+
+Peach Blossom--I am your captive.
+
+Pear--Affection.
+
+Primrose--Inconstancy.
+
+Quaking Grass--Agitation.
+
+Rose--Love.
+
+Rose, Deep Red--Bashful shame.
+
+Rose, Yellow--Jealousy.
+
+Rose, White--I am worthy of you.
+
+Rosebud, Moss--Confession of love.
+
+Shamrock--Lightheartedness.
+
+Straw--Agreement.
+
+Straw, Broken--Broken agreement.
+
+Sweet Pea--Depart.
+
+Tuberose--Dangerous pleasures.
+
+Verbena--Pray for me.
+
+Witch Hazel--A spell.
+
+
+
+ALPHABET OF ADVICE TO WRITERS.
+
+A word out of place spoils the most beautiful thought.--Voltaire.
+
+Begin humbly. Labor faithfully. Be patient.--Elizabeth Stuart Phelps.
+
+Cultivate accuracy in words and things; amass sound knowledge; avoid all
+affectation; write all topics which interest you.--F. W. Newman.
+
+Don't be afraid. Fight right along. Hope right along.--S.L. Clemens.
+
+Every good writer has much idiom; it is the life and spirit of
+Language.--W. S. Landor.
+
+Follow this: If you write from the heart, you will write to the
+heart.--Beaconsfield
+
+Genius may begin great works, but only continued labor completes
+them.--Joubert.
+
+Half the writer's art consists in learning what to leave in the
+ink-pot.--Stevenson.
+
+It is by suggestion, not cumulation, that profound impressions are made
+on the imagination.--Lowell.
+
+Joy in one's work is an asset beyond the valuing in mere dollars.--C. D.
+Warner.
+
+Keep writing--and profit by criticism. Use for a motto Michael Angelo's
+wise words: "Genius is infinite patience."--L. M. Alcott.
+
+Lord, let me never tag a moral to a story, nor tell a story without a
+meaning.--Van Dyke.
+
+More failures come from vanity than carelessness.--Joseph Jefferson.
+
+Never do a "pot-boiler." Let one of your best things go to boil the
+pot.--"O. Henry."
+
+Originality does not mean oddity, but freshness. It means vitality, not
+novelty.--Norman Hapgood.
+
+Pluck feathers from the wings of your imagination, and stick them in the
+tail of your judgment.--Horace Greeley.
+
+Quintessence approximates genius. Gather much though into few words.
+--Schopenhauer.
+
+Revise. Revise. Revise.--E. E. Hale.
+
+Simplicity has been held a mark of truth: it is also it mark of
+genius.--Carlyle.
+
+The first principle of composition of whatever sort is that it should be
+natural and appear to have happened so.--Frederick Macmonnies.
+
+Utilize your enthusiasms. Get the habit of happiness in
+work.--Beveridge.
+
+Very few voices but sound repellent under violent exertion.--Lessing.
+
+Whatever in this world one has to say, there is a word, and just one
+word, to express it. Seek that out and use it.--De Maupassant.
+
+Yes, yes; believe me, you must draw your pen
+Not once, nor twice, but o'er and o'er again
+Through what you've written, if you would entice
+The man who reads you once to read you twice.
+                        -Horace (Conington, Tr.)
+
+Zeal with scanty capacity often accomplishes more than capacity with no
+zeal at all.--George Eliot.
+
+
+
+WHAT DIFFERENT EYES INDICATE.
+
+The long, almond-shaped eye with thick eyelids covering nearly half of
+the pupil, when taken in connection with the full brow, is indicative of
+genius, and is often found in artists, literary and scientific men. It
+is the eye of talent, or impressibility. The large, open, transparent
+eye, of whatever color, is indicative of elegance, of taste, of
+refinement, of wit, of intelligence. Weakly marked eyebrows indicate a
+feeble constitution and a tendency to melancholia, Deep sunken eyes are
+selfish, while eyes in which the whole iris shows indicate erraticism,
+if not lunacy. Round eyes are indicative of innocence; strongly
+protuberant eyes of weakness of both mind and body. Eyes small and close
+together typify cunning, while those far apart and open indicate
+frankness. The normal distance between the eyes is the width of one eye;
+a distance greater or less than this intensifies the character supposed
+to be symbolized. Sharp angles, turning down at the corners of the eyes,
+are seen in persons of acute judgment and penetration. Well-opened
+steady eyes belong to the sincere; wide staring eyes to the impertinent.
+
+
+
+THE MYSTERIES OF PALMISTRY
+
+[Illustration: Various Forms of Fingers and Hands.
+Nine hands with various markings and eleven fingers.]
+
+The following points, upon which the Science of Palmistry is based,
+explain its mysteries, and will be found very interesting, amusing and
+instructive:
+
+
+Form of the Hand.
+
+Hands are classed into seven types, each of which is illustrated by the
+cuts on the preceding page, and described as follows:
+
+Plate I--The Elementary or Bilious Hand, indicating brutal instinct
+instead of reason as the governing power of the character.
+
+Plate II--The Square or Jupiter Hand, indicating a practical, stubborn,
+methodical, and conventional character; one apt to be suspicious of
+strangers and radical in views.
+
+Plate III--The Spatulate or Nervous Hand, so named because of its
+imagined resemblance to a spatula. It is broad at the base of the
+fingers, and indicates great energy and push to discover; also, courage
+and fearlessness.
+
+Plate IV--The Philosophic or Venus Hand, has a long, thin, muscular
+palm, with long, knotty fingers; indicates a student of nature and
+searcher after truth.
+
+Plate V--The Mercury or Artistic Hand, indicates quick temper,
+impulsiveness; a character that is light-hearted, gay and charitable,
+to-day; and to-morrow, sad, tearful and uncharitable.
+
+Plate VI--The Lunar or Idealistic Hand, indicates an extremely sensitive
+nature.
+
+Plate VII--The Harmonic or Solar Hand, indicates a character of great
+versatility, brilliant in conversation, and an adept in diplomacy.
+
+
+The Fingers.
+
+For fortune-telling the fingers from first to fourth are designated as
+Jupiter, Saturn, Apollo and Mercury.
+
+Note the cut on preceding page, representing the different types of
+fingers, numbered from one to eleven.
+
+1--Large fingers indicate a person of vulgar tastes and a cruel, selfish
+disposition.
+
+2--Small, thin fingers indicate a keen, quick acting mind and a person
+not very particular about personal appearance.
+
+3--Long, lean fingers indicate an inquiring disposition; love of details
+in narrative; short fingers imply simple tastes and selfishness.
+
+4--Fat fingers, largely developed at base, indicate sensualness; if
+small at base, the reverse.
+
+5--Smooth fingers indicate artistic ability.
+
+6--Knotty fingers indicate truthfulness and good order in business
+affairs.
+
+7--Pointed fingers indicate a very magnetic and enthusiastic
+personality.
+
+8--Square fingers indicate a strong mind, regularity and love of good
+order.
+
+9--Spatulate fingers indicate a character of positiveness in opinions
+and lacking in gentleness.
+
+10--Fingers of mixed shape indicate a harmonious disposition, with
+ability to easily adapt oneself to all conditions.
+
+11--Obtuse fingers indicate coarse and cruel sensibilities.
+
+
+The Phalanges of the Fingers.
+
+See plate VIII, 1, 2, 3--The Phalanges of the Thumb: 4, 5, 6--Repeated
+on each finger, indicate the phalanges of the four fingers.
+
+
+The Mounts of the Hands.
+
+See plate IX--A, Mount Venus; B, Mount Jupiter; C, Mount Saturn; D,
+Mount Apollo; E. Mount Mercury; F, Mount Luna; G, Mount Mars.
+
+
+The Shape and Length of the Phalanges
+represent certain qualities and features of character, as presented in
+the following:
+
+Jupiter, the first finger; if the first phalange is longer than the
+second, it indicates ability to control others, direct and maintain
+order; if the second phalange is long and well developed, it indicates
+leadership; if short and thin, intellectual weakness; if the third
+phalange is long, it indicates love of power in material things.
+
+Saturn, second finger; if the first phalange is longer than the second,
+it indicates ability for mastering scientific subjects; if the second
+phalange is long, it indicates great interest in subjects requiring deep
+study; if the third phalange is long, it indicates a love of metaphysics
+and money.
+
+Apollo, third finger; if the first phalange is longer than the second,
+it indicates love of the arts; if the second phalange is long, it
+indicates success and love of riches; if the third phalange is thick, it
+indicates an inherited talent of the arts.
+
+Mercury, fourth finger; if the first phalange is longer than the second,
+it indicates a taste for and love of research; if the second phalange is
+long and well developed, it indicates industrious habits; if the third
+phalange is long and fat, it indicates a desire for the comforts of
+life.
+
+
+The Mountains.
+
+These are points or elevations on the palm.
+
+Mount Venus, if prominent, indicates a person of strong passions, great
+energy in business, and admiration of physical beauty in the opposite
+sex; it also indicates love of children, home and wife, or husband. When
+not well developed there is a lack of love for home, children, wife or
+husband; and in a man, it indicates egotism and laziness,--in a woman,
+hysteria.
+
+Mount Jupiter, if prominent, indicates a person who is generous, loves
+power, and is brilliant in conversation; if a woman, she desires to
+shine and be a social leader. When not well developed, it indicates lack
+of self-esteem, slovenliness and indifference to personal appearance.
+
+Mount Saturn, if prominent, indicates a serious-minded person,
+religiously inclined, slow to reach a conclusion, very prudent, free in
+the expression of opinions, but inclined to be pessimistic.
+
+Mount Apollo, if prominent, indicates ability as an artist, generosity,
+courageousness, and a poetical nature, apt to be a spendthrift. When not
+well developed, it indicates cautiousness and prudence.
+
+Mount Mercury, if prominent, indicates keen perceptions, cleverness in
+conversation, a talent for the sciences, industry, and deceitfulness. If
+not well developed, it indicates a phlegmatic, stupid disposition.
+
+Mount Luna, if prominent, indicates a dreamy, changeable, capricious,
+enthusiastic, and inventive nature. When not well developed, it
+indicates constancy, love of home, and ability to imitate others.
+
+Mount Mars, if prominent, indicates self-respect, coolness, and control
+of self under trying circumstances, courage, venturesomeness and
+confidence in one's ability for anything undertaken. When not well
+developed, it indicates the opposite of these characteristics.
+
+
+Lines On the Hand.
+
+If the lines of the hand are not well defined, this fact indicates poor
+health.
+
+Deep red lines indicate good, robust health. Yellow lines indicate
+excessive biliousness.
+
+Dark-colored lines indicate a melancholy and reserved disposition.
+
+The Life Line extends from the outer base of Mount Jupiter, entirely
+around the base of Mount Venus. If chained under Jupiter, it indicates
+bad health in early life. Hair lines extending from it imply weakness,
+and if cut by small lines from Mount Venus, misplaced affections and
+domestic broils. If arising from Mount Jupiter, an ambition to be
+wealthy and learned. If it is joined by the Line of the Head at its
+beginning, prudence and wisdom are indicated. If it joins Heart and Head
+line's at its commencement, a great catastrophe will be experienced by
+the person so marked. A square on it denotes success. All lines that
+follow it give it strength. Lines that cut the Life Line extending
+through the Heart Line denote interference in a love affair. If it is
+crossed by small lines, illness is indicated. Short and badly drawn
+lines, unequal in size, imply bad blood and a tendency to fevers.
+
+The Heart Line, if it extends across the hand at the base of the finger
+mounts, and is deep and well defined, indicates purity and devotion; if
+well defined from Mount Jupiter only, a jealous and tyrannical
+disposition is indicated; if it begins at Mount Saturn and is without
+branches, it is a fatal sign; if short and well defined in the Harmonic
+type of hand it indicates intense affection when it is reciprocated; if
+short on the Mercury type of hand, it implies deep interest in
+intellectual pursuits; it short and deep in the Elementary type of hand,
+it implies the disposition to satisfy desire by brutal force, instead of
+by love.
+
+The Head Line is parallel to Heart Line and forms the second branch of
+letter M, generally very plain in most hands; if long and deep it
+indicates ability to care for one's self; if hair lines are attached to
+it, mental worry; if it divides toward Mount Mercury love affairs will
+be first, and business secondary; if well defined its whole length, it
+implies a well-balanced brain; a line from it extending into a star on
+Mount Jupiter, great versatility, pride and love for knowledge are
+indicated; if it extend to Mount Luna interest in occult studies is
+implied; separated from the Life Line, indicates aggressiveness; if it
+is broken, death is indicated from an injury in the head.
+
+The Rascettes are lines across the wrist where the palm joins it.
+
+It is claimed they indicate length of life; if straight it is a good
+sign. One Rascette indicates thirty years of life; two lines, sixty;
+three lines, ninety.
+
+The Fate Line commences at Rascettes, and if it extends straight to
+Mount Saturn, uninterrupted, and alike in both hands, good luck and
+success are realized without personal exertion. If not in one hand and
+interrupted in the other, success will be experienced only by great
+effort. If well defined at the wrist the early life is bright and
+promising; if broken in the center, misery for middle life is indicated.
+If this line touches Mounts Luna and Venus, it indicates a good
+disposition and wealth; if inclined toward any mount, it implies success
+in that line for which the mount stands. If it is made up of
+disconnected links, it indicates serious physical and moral struggles.
+Should it end at Heart Line, the life has been ruined by unrequited
+love. If it runs through a square, the life has been in danger and
+saved. Should it merge into the Heart Line and continue to Mount
+Jupiter, it denotes distinction and power secured through love.
+
+The Girdle of Venus is a curved line extending from Mount Jupiter to
+Mercury, encircling Saturn and Apollo. It appears on few hands, but it
+indicates superior intellect, a sensitive and capricious nature; if it
+extends to base of Jupiter it denotes divorce; ending in Mercury,
+implies great energy; should it be cut by parallel lines in a man, it
+indicates a hard drinker and gambler.
+
+Lines of Reputation, commencing in the middle of the hand, at the Head
+Line, Mount Luna or Mount Mars, indicate financial success from
+intellectual pursuits after years of struggling with adversity. If from
+Heart Line, real love of occupation and success; if from Head Line,
+success from selfishness. An island on this line denotes loss of
+character, a start on it near Apollo implies that success will be
+permanent, and a square, brilliant success. The absence of this line
+implies a struggle for recognition of one's abilities.
+
+Line of Intuition, beginning at base of Mount Mercury, extends around
+Mars and Luna; it is frequently found in the Venus, Mercury and Lunar
+types of hands; when deeply dented with a triangle on Mount Saturn it
+denotes clairvoyant power; if it forms a triangle with Fate Line, or
+Life Line, a voyage will be taken.
+
+Health Line commences at center of the Rascettes, takes an oblique
+course from Fate Line, ending toward Mount Mercury. If straight and well
+defined, there is little liability to constitutional diseases; when it
+does not extend to Head Line, steady mental labor cannot be performed;
+when it is broad and deep on Mount Mercury, diminishing as it enters the
+Life Line, death from heart disease is indicated; small lines cutting it
+denote sickness from biliousness. When joined to Heart Line, health and
+business are neglected for Love; if made up of short, fine lines, there
+is suffering from stomach catarrh; if it is checked by islands there is
+a constitutional tendency to lung disease.
+
+Marriage Lines extend straight across Mount Mercury; if short, affairs
+of the heart without marriage are denoted. When near Heart Line early
+marriage is indicated; if it turns directly to Heart Line, marriage will
+occur between the ages of 16 and 21; if close to the top of the mount,
+marriage will not take place before the 35th year; if it curves upward
+it indicates a single life; when pronged and running toward the center
+or to Mount Mars, divorce will occur. If the end at this line droops the
+subject will outlive wife or husband; if broken, divorce is implied; if
+it ends in a cross, the wife or husband will die from an accident. A
+branch from this line upward implies a high position attained by
+marriage. A black spot on this line means widowhood.
+
+Children's Lines are small and upright, extending from the end of
+Marriage Lines. If broad and well defined, males; if fine and narrow,
+females are indicated. A line of this order that is deep and well
+defined denotes prominence for that child.
+
+Small Lines have a signification depending upon their position and
+number.
+
+A single line on Jupiter signifies success; on Saturn, happiness; on
+Apollo, fame and talent.
+
+Ascending small lines are favorable, while descending lines are
+unfavorable signs.
+
+Several small lines on Mars indicate warfare constantly.
+
+Cross lines, failure.
+
+
+
+RIDDLES, OLD AND NEW.
+
+Feet have they, but they walk not--stoves.
+
+Eyes have they, but they see not--potatoes.
+
+Noses have they, but they smell not--tea-pots.
+
+Mouths have they, but they taste not--rivers.
+
+Hands have they, but they handle not--clocks.
+
+Ears have they, but they hear not--corn stalks.
+
+Tongues have they, but they talk not--wagons.
+
+What thing is that which is lengthened by being cut at both ends? A
+ditch.
+
+Why do we all go to bed? Because the bed will not come to us.
+
+Why Paris like the letter F? Because it is the capital of France.
+
+In which month do ladies talk least? In February.
+
+Why is a room full of married folks like an empty room? There is not a
+single person in it.
+
+Why is a peach-stone like a regiment? It has a kernel (Colonel).
+
+Why is an island like the letter T? Because it is in the midst of
+wa-t-er.
+
+Why is a bee-hive like a spectator? Because it is a beeholder
+(beholder).
+
+What is that which a train cannot move without, and yet is not the least
+use to it? A noise.
+
+When is a man over head and ears in debt? When the hat he has on is not
+paid for.
+
+Why is a man led astray like one governed by a girl?  He is misled
+(miss-led).
+
+Why is a Jew in a fever like a diamond? He is a Jew ill (jewel).
+
+Why are fixed stars like pen, ink and paper? They are stationary
+(stationery).
+
+What is that which is always invisible and never out of sight? The
+letter I.
+
+Why is a cook like a barber? He dresses hare (hair).
+
+Why is a waiter like a race horse? He often runs for a plate or a cup.
+
+Why is a madman like two men? He is one beside himself.
+
+Why is a good story like a church bell? It is often told (tolled).
+
+What is the weight of the moon? Four quarters.
+
+What sea would make the best bed-room? Adriatic (a-dry attic).
+
+Why is Ireland likely to become rich? Because the capital is always
+Dublin (doubling).
+
+What two letters make a county in Massachusetts? S. X. (Essex).
+
+Why is a good saloon like a bad one? Both inn convenient
+
+Why do dentists make good politicians? Because they have a great pull.
+
+Why is the Hudson River like a shoe? Because it is a great place for
+tows (toes).
+
+Why is a race at a circus like a big conflagration? Because the heat is
+in tents (intense).
+
+Which is the left side of a plum pudding? The part that is not eaten.
+
+Why is a man who runs in debt like a clock? He goes on tick.
+
+Why is the wick of a candle like Athens? It is in the midst of grease
+(Greece).
+
+Why are deep sighs like long stockings? Heigh-ho's (high hose).
+
+What occupation is the sun? A tanner.
+
+Why are your eyes like stage horses? They are always under lashes.
+
+Why are your teeth like verbs? Regular, irregular and defective?
+
+What word makes you sick if you leave out one of its letters? Music.
+
+What word of ten letters can be spelled with five? Expediency (X P D N
+C).
+
+Why should red-headed men be chosen for soldiers? They carry fire-locks.
+
+
+Why is the letter D like a sailor? It follows the sea (C).
+
+Why is a theological student like a merchant? Both study the Prophets
+(profits).
+
+If the alphabet were invited out to dine what time would U, V, W, X, Y
+and Z go? After tea (T).
+
+How can you take one from nineteen and leave twenty?   XIX--XX
+
+
+
+LAST WORDS OF FAMOUS MEN AND WOMEN.
+
+ "'Tis well."--George Washington.
+
+"Tete d'armee."--Napoleon.
+
+"I thank God that I have done my duty."--Admiral Nelson.
+
+"I pray thee see me safe up, but for my coming down I can shift for
+myself," were the last words of Sir Thomas More when ascending the
+scaffold.
+
+"God bless you."--Dr. Johnson.
+
+"I have finished."--Hogarth.
+
+"Dying, dying."--Thos. Hood.
+
+"Drop the curtain, the farce is played out."--Rabelais.
+
+"I am what I am. I am what I am."--Swift.
+
+"I still live."--Daniel Webster.
+
+"How grand these rays. They seem to beckon earth to heaven."--Humboldt.
+
+"It is now time that we depart--I to die, you to live: but which is the
+better destination is unknown."--Socrates.
+
+"Adieu, my dear Morand, I am dying."--Voltaire.
+
+"My beautiful flowers, my lovely flowers."--Richter.
+
+"James, take good care of the horse."--Winfield Scott.
+
+"Many things are becoming clearer to me."--Schiller.
+
+"I feel the daisies growing over me."--John Keats.
+
+"What, is there no bribing death?"--Cardinal Beaufort.
+
+"Taking a leap in the dark. O, mystery."--Thomas Paine.
+
+"There is not a drop of blood on my hands."'--Frederick V.
+
+"I am taking a fearful leap in the dark."--Thomas Hobbes.
+
+"Don't let that awkward squad fire over my grave."--Burns.
+
+"Here, veteran, if you think it right, strike."--Cicero.
+
+"My days are past as a shadow that returns not."--R. Hooker.
+
+"I thought that dying had been more difficult,"--Louis XIV.
+
+"O Lord, forgive me specially my sins of omission."--Usher.
+
+"Let me die to the sounds of delicious music."--Mirabeau.
+
+"It is small, very small," alluding to her neck.--Anna Boleyn.
+
+"Let me hear those notes so long my solace and delight."--Mozart.
+
+"We are as near heaven by sea as by land,"--Sir Humphrey Gilbert.
+
+"I do not sleep. I wish to meet death awake."--Maria Theresa.
+
+"I resign my soul to God; my daughter to my country."--Jefferson.
+
+
+
+TOASTS AND SENTIMENTS
+
+Merit to gain a heart, and sense to keep it.
+
+Money to him that has spirit to use it.
+
+More friends and less need of them.
+
+May those who deceive us be always deceived.
+
+May the sword of justice be swayed by the hand of mercy.
+
+May the brow of the brave never want a wreath of laurel.
+
+May we be slaves to nothing but our duty, and friends to nothing but
+real merit.
+
+May he that turns his back on his friend, fall into the hands of his
+enemy.
+
+May honor be the commander when love takes the field.
+
+May reason guide the helm when passion blows the gale.
+
+May those who would enslave become slaves themselves.
+
+May genius and merit never want a friend.
+
+May the road of happiness be lighted by virtue.
+
+May life last as long as it is worth wearing.
+
+May we never murmur without a cause, and never have a cause to murmur.
+
+May the eye that drops for the misfortunes of others never shed a tear
+for its own.
+
+May the lovers of the fair sex never want means to support and spirit to
+defend them. May the tear of misery be dried by the hand of
+commiseration.
+
+May the voyage of life end in the haven of happiness.
+
+Provision to the unprovided.
+
+Peace and honest friendship with all nations; entangling alliances with
+none.
+
+Riches to the generous, and power to the merciful.
+
+Short shoes and long corns to the enemies of freedom.
+
+Success to the lover, and joy to the beloved.
+
+The life we love, with whom we love.
+
+The friend we love, and the woman we dare trust.
+
+The union of two fond hearts.
+
+The lovers of honor, and honorable lovers.
+
+The unity of hearts in the union of hands.
+
+The liberty of the press without licentiousness.
+
+The virtuous fair, and the fair virtuous.
+
+The road to honor through the plains of virtue.
+
+The hero of Saratoga--may his memory animate the breast of every
+American.
+
+The American's triumvirate, love, honor and liberty.
+
+The memory of Washington.
+
+May the example of the new world regenerate the old.
+
+Wit without virulence, wine without excess, and wisdom without
+affectation.
+
+What charms, arms and disarms.
+
+Home pleasant, and our friends at home.
+
+Woman--She needs no eulogy, she speaks for herself.
+
+Friendship--May its lamp ever be supplied by the oil of truth and
+fidelity.
+
+The American Navy--May it ever sail on the sea of glory.
+
+May those who are discontented with their own country leave their
+country for their country's good.
+
+Discretion in speech is more than eloquence. May we always remember
+these three things: The manner, the place and the time.
+
+
+Here's a sigh to those who love me,
+  And a smile to those who hate,
+And whatever sky's above me,
+  Here's a heart for every fate.
+Were't the last drop in the well,
+  As I gasped upon the brink,
+Ere my fainting spirit fell,
+  'Tis to thee that I would drink.
+                                 --Byron.
+
+
+Caddy's Toast in "Erminie"--'Ere's to the 'ealth o' your Royal 'Ighness;
+hand may the skin o' ha gooseberry be big enough for han humbrella to
+cover hall your enemies."
+
+
+Here's to the girl I love,
+  And here's to the girl who loves me,
+And here's to all that love her whom I love,
+  And all those that love her who love me.
+
+
+I will drink to the woman who wrought my woe,
+  In the diamond morning of long ago;
+To the splendor, caught from Orient skies,
+  That thrilled in the dark of her hazel eyes,
+Her large eyes filled with the fire of the south,
+  And the dewy wine of her warm red mouth.
+                                      --Winter.
+
+
+May those that are single get wives to their mind,
+And those that are married true happiness find.
+
+
+Here's a health to me and mine,
+Not forgetting thee and thine;
+And when thou and thine
+Come to see me and mine,
+May we and mine make thee and thine
+As welcome as thou and thine
+Have ever made me and mine.
+
+
+Industry.--The right hand of fortune, the grave of care, and the cradle
+of content.
+
+
+Here's to the prettiest,
+Here's to the wittiest,
+Here's to the truest of all who are true.
+Here's to the sweetest one,
+Here's to them all in one--here's to you.
+
+
+Our Country.--May she always be in the right--but, right or wrong, Our
+Country.-- Stephen Decatur.
+
+
+Here's to our sweethearts and our wives. May our sweethearts soon become
+our wives and our wives ever remain our sweethearts.
+
+
+Here's to the girls of the American shore;
+  I love but one, I love no mare.
+Since she's not here to drink her part,
+  I drink her share with all my heart.
+
+
+Here's to one and only one,
+  And may that one be she
+Who loves but one and only one,
+  And may that one be me.
+
+
+A glass is good and a lass is good,
+  And a pipe to smoke in cold weather.
+The world is good and the people are good,
+  And we're all good fellows together.
+
+
+Yesterday's yesterday while to-day's here,
+To-day is to-day till to-morrow appear,
+To-marrow's to-morrow until to-day's past,
+And kisses are kisses as long as they last.
+
+
+Our Country.--
+  To her we drink, for her we pray,
+    Our voices silent never;
+  For her we'll fight, come what may;
+    The Stars and Stripes forever.
+
+
+Woman.--The fairest work of the great Author; the edition is large, and
+no man should be without a copy.
+
+
+Drink to me only with thine eyes,
+  And I will pledge thee mine;
+Or leave a kiss within the cup,
+  And I'll not look for wine.
+The thirst that from the soul doth rise
+  Doth ask a drink divine;
+But might I of Jove's nectar sip,
+  I would not change from thine.
+                               --Ben Jonson.
+
+
+Drink to-day and drown all sorrow;
+You shall perhaps not do't to-morrow;
+Best while you have it, use your breath;
+There is no drinking after death.
+                        --Beaumont and Fletcher.
+
+
+Home.--The father's kingdom; the child's paradise; the mother's world.
+
+
+Here's to those I love;
+Here's to those who love me;
+Here's to those who love those I love,
+And here's to those who love those who love those who love me.
+                                 --Ouida's Favorite Toast.
+
+
+A little health, a little wealth,
+  A little house and freedom,
+With some friends for certain ends,
+  But little cause to need 'em.
+
+
+Here's to the lasses we've loved, my lad,
+  Here's to the lips we've pressed;
+For of kisses and lasses,
+Like liquor in glasses,
+  The last is always the best.
+
+
+Come in the evening, come in the morning,
+Come when you're looked for, come without warning.
+
+
+Here's to a long life and a merry one,
+A quick death and an easy one,
+A pretty girl and a true one,
+A cold bottle and another one.
+
+
+The Man We Love.--He who thinks the most and speaks the least ill of his
+neighbor.
+
+
+False Friends.--May we never have friends who, like shadows, keep close
+to us in the sunshine only to desert us on a cloudy day or in the night.
+
+
+Here's to those who'd love us if we only cared.
+Here's to those we'd love if we only dared.
+
+
+Here's to one another and one other, whoever he or she may be.
+
+
+The world is filled with flowers,
+  And flowers are filled with dew,
+And dew is filled with love
+  And you and you and you.
+
+
+Here's to you as good as you are,
+  And to me as bad as I am;
+And as good as you are and as bad as I am,
+  I'm as good as you are as bad as I am.
+
+
+The Law.--The only thing certain about litigation is its uncertainty.
+
+
+The Lawyer--Learned gentleman, who rescues your estate from your enemies
+and keeps it for himself.
+
+
+A Spreadeagle Toast.--The boundaries of our country: East, by the rising
+sun; north, by the north pole; west by all creation; and south, by the
+day of judgment.
+
+
+When going up the bill of prosperity may you never meet a friend coming
+down.
+
+
+May the hinges of friendship never grow rusty.
+
+
+Come, come, good wine is a good familiar creature, if it be well
+used.--Shakespeare.
+
+
+Shall I ask the brave soldier who fights by my side in the cause of
+mankind whether our creeds agree?
+
+
+May all single men be married, and all married men be happy.
+
+
+Our Country's Emblem:--
+  The lily of France may fade,
+    The thistle and shamrock wither,
+  The oak of England may decay,
+    But the stars shine on forever.
+
+
+The Good Things of the World.--Parsons are preaching for them, lawyers
+are pleading for them, physicians are prescribing for them, authors are
+writing for them, soldiers are fighting for them, but true philosophers
+alone are enjoying them.
+
+
+My life has been like sunny skies
+  When they are fair to view;
+But there never yet were lives or skies
+  Clouds might not wander through.
+
+
+The Three Great American Generals.--General Peace, General Prosperity
+and General Satisfaction.
+
+
+America.--
+  Our hearts, our hopes are all with thee,
+    Our hearts, our hopes, our prayers, our tears,
+  Our faith triumphant o'er our fears,
+    Are all with thee, are all with thee.
+
+
+Our National Birds.--The American Eagle, the Thanksgiving Turkey: may
+one give us peace in all our States--and the other a piece for all our
+plates.
+
+
+OPPORTUNITY.
+
+Master of human destinies am I.
+Fame, Love and Fortune on my footsteps wait.
+Cities and fields I walk; I penetrate
+Deserts and seas remote, and, passing by
+Hovel, and mart, and palace, soon or late
+I knock unbidden once at every gate!
+If sleeping, wake--if feasting, rise before
+I turn away. It is the hour of fate,
+And they who follow me reach every state
+Mortals desire, and conquer every foe
+Condemned to failure, penury, and woe.
+Save death; but those who doubt or hesitate,
+Seek me in vain and uselessly implore:
+I answer not, and I return no more.
+                               --John J. Ingalls.
+
+
+A health to Our Dearest.--May their purses always be heavy and their
+hearts always light.
+
+
+An Irishman's Toast.--
+  Here's to the land of the shamrock so green,
+  Here's to each lad and his darling colleen,
+  Here's to the ones we love dearest and most.
+  And may God save old Ireland--that's an Irishman's toast.
+
+
+Here's a health to the future,
+  A sigh for the past.
+We can love and remember,
+  And hope to the last,
+And for all the base lies
+  That the almanacs hold.
+While there's love in the heart,
+  We can never grow old.
+
+
+Some hae meat and canna' eat,
+  And some wad eat who want it;
+But we hae meat and we can eat,
+  So let the Lord be thankit.
+                      --Burns.
+
+
+A little health, a little wealth,
+  A little house and freedom,
+With some few friends for certain ends,
+  But little cause to need 'em.
+
+If I were a raindrop and you a leaf,
+  I would burst from the cloud above you,
+And lie on your breast in a rapture of rest,
+  And love you--love you--love you.
+
+
+If I were a brown bee and you were a rose,
+  I would fly to you, love, nor miss you;
+I would sip and sip from your nectared lip,
+  And kiss you--kiss you--kiss you.
+                --Ella Wheeler Wilcox, in Three Women.
+
+
+Strange--is it not?--that of the myriads who
+Before us passed the door of darkness through,
+  Not one returns to tell us of the road,
+Which to discover, we must travel too?
+                                    --Omar.
+
+
+Away with the flimsy idea that life with a past is attended.
+There's now--only now--and no past. There's never a past; it has ended.
+Away with the obsolete story and all of its yesterday sorrow!
+There's only Today, almost gone, and in front of Today stands Tomorrow.
+                                                  --Eugene Ware.
+
+
+God made man
+  Frail as a bubble;
+God made Love,
+  Love made trouble;
+God made the vine;
+  Was it a sin
+That man made wine
+  To drown trouble in?
+
+
+"My character may be my own, but my reputation belongs to any old body
+that enjoys gossiping more than telling the truth."
+
+
+May your joy be as deep as the ocean,
+Your trouble as light as its foam.
+
+
+The man that has no music in himself,
+Nor is not moved with concord of sweet sounds,
+Is fit for treasons, stratagems and spoils;
+The motions of his spirit are dull as night,
+And his affections dark as Erebus.
+Let no such man be trusted.
+Mark the music.
+                         --Shakespeare.
+
+
+See the mountains kiss high heaven,
+  And the waves clasp one another;
+No sister flower would be forgiven
+  If it disdained its brother;
+And the sunlight clasps the earth,
+  And the moonbeams kiss the sea;
+What are all these kissings worth,
+  If thou kiss not me?
+                        --Percy Bysshe Shelley.
+
+
+Jest a-wearyin' for you,
+All the time a-feelin' blue;
+Wishin' for you, wonderin' when
+You'll be comin' home again;
+Restless--don't know what to do--
+Jest a-wearyin' for you.
+                       --Frank Stanton.
+
+
+Here's to Love, the worker of miracles. He strengthens the weak and
+weakens the strong; he turns wise men into fools and fools into wise
+men; he feeds the passions and destroys reason, and plays havoc among
+young and old!
+                            --Marguerite de Valois.
+
+
+"Good Bye, God Bless You."
+
+I like the Anglo--Saxon speech
+  With its direct revealings;
+It takes a hold, and seems to reach
+  Way down into our feelings
+That Some folks deem it rude, I know,
+  And therefore they abuse it;
+But I have never found it so--
+  Before all else I choose it.
+I don't object that men should air
+  The Gallic they have paid for,
+With "Au revoir," "Adieu, ma chere,"
+  For that's what French was made for.
+But when a crony takes your hand
+  At parting to address you,
+He drops all foreign lingo and
+  He says, "Good--bye, God bless you."
+                         --Eugene Field.
+
+
+
+LANGUAGE OF PRECIOUS STONES.
+
+The ancients attributed marvelous properties to many of the precious
+stones. We give in tabular form the different months and the stones
+sacred to them, as generally accepted, with their respective meanings.
+It has been customary among lovers and friends to notice the
+significance attached to the various stones in making birthday,
+engagement and wedding presents.
+
+January, Garnet.--Constancy and fidelity in every engagement.
+
+February, Amethyst--Preventive against violent passions.
+
+March, Bloodstone--Courage, wisdom and firmness in affection.
+
+April, Sapphire--Free from enchantment; denotes repentance.
+
+May, Emerald--Discovers false friends, and insures true love.
+
+June, Agate--Insures long life, health and prosperity.
+
+July, Ruby--Discovers poison; corrects evils resulting from mistaken
+friendship.
+
+August, Sardonyx--Insures conjugal felicity.
+
+September, Chrysolite--Free from all evil passions and sadness of the
+mind.
+
+October, Opal--Denotes hope, and sharpens the sight and faith of the
+possessor.
+
+November, Topaz--Fidelity and friendship. Prevents bad dreams.
+
+December, Turquoise--Prosperity in love.
+
+
+Tiffany's list of birth stones is somewhat different from the above and
+is given below:
+
+Birth Stones.  (As given by Tiffany & Co.)
+
+January--Garnet.
+
+February--Amethyst, hyacinth, pearl.
+
+March--Jasper, bloodstone.
+
+April--Diamond, sapphire.
+
+May--Emerald, agate.
+
+June--Cat's-eye, turquoise, agate.
+
+July--Turquoise, onyx.
+
+August--Sardonyx, carnelian, moonstone, topaz.
+
+September--Chrysolite.
+
+October--Beryl, opal.
+
+November--Topaz, pearl.
+
+December--Ruby, bloodstone.
+
+
+
+GRAMMAR-SPELLING-PRONUNCIATION
+
+Five Hundred Common Errors Corrected
+
+Concise Rules for the Proper Use of Words in Writing or Speaking.
+
+The most objectionable errors in speaking or writing are those in which
+words are employed that are unsuitable to convey the meaning intended.
+Thus, a person wishing to express his intention of going to a given
+place says, "I propose going," when, in fact, he purposes going. The
+following affords an amusing illustration of this class of error: A
+venerable matron was speaking of her son, who, she said, was quite
+stage-struck: "In fact," remarked the old lady, "he is going to a
+premature performance this evening!" Considering that most amateur
+performances are premature, it cannot be said that this word was
+altogether misapplied, though, evidently, the maternal intention was to
+convey quite another meaning.
+
+Other errors arise from the substitution of sounds similar to the words
+which should be employed; that is, spurious words instead of genuine
+ones. Thus, some people say "renumerative," when they mean
+"remunerative." A nurse, recommending her mistress to have a
+perambulator for her child, advised her to purchase a preamputator!
+
+Other errors are occasioned by imperfect knowledge of English grammar;
+thus, many people say, "Between you and I," instead of "Between you and
+me." And there are numerous other departures from the rules of grammar,
+which will be pointed out hereafter.
+
+Misuse of the Adjective--"What beautiful butter!" "What a nice
+landscape!" They should say, "What a beautiful landscape!" "What nice
+butter!" Again, errors are frequently occasioned by the following
+causes:
+
+Mispronunciation of Words--Many persons say pronoun-ciation instead of
+pronunciation; others say pro-nun-ce-a-shun, instead of
+pro-nun-she-a-shun.
+
+Misdivision of Words and Syllables--This defect makes the words an
+ambassador sound like a nambassador, or an adder like a nadder.
+
+Imperfect Enunciation--As when a person says hebben for heaven, ebber
+for ever, jocholate for chocolate.
+
+To correct these errors by a systematic course of study would involve a
+closer application than most persons could afford, but the simple and
+concise rules and hints here given, founded upon usage and the authority
+of scholars, will be of great assistance to inquirers.
+
+
+
+ENGLISH GRAMMAR IN A NUTSHELL.
+
+Who and whom are used in relation to persons, and which in relation to
+things. But it was once common to say, "the man which." This should now
+be avoided. It is now usual to say, "Our Father who art in heaven,"
+instead of "which art in heaven."
+
+Whose is, however, sometimes applied to things as well as to persons. We
+may therefore say, "The country whose inhabitants are free."
+
+Thou is employed in solemn discourse, and you in common language. Ye
+(plural) is also used in serious addresses, and you in familiar
+language.
+
+The uses of the word it are various, and very perplexing to the
+uneducated. It is not only used to imply persons, but things, and even
+ideas, and therefore in speaking or writing, its assistance is
+constantly required. The perplexity respecting this word arises from the
+fact that in using it in the construction of a long sentence, sufficient
+care is not taken to insure that when it is employed it really points
+out or refers to the object intended. For instance, "It was raining when
+John set out in his cart to go to market, and he was delayed so long
+that it was over before he arrived." Now what is to be understood by
+this sentence: Was the rain over? or the market? Either or both might be
+inferred from the construction of the sentence, which, therefore, should
+be written thus: "It was raining when John set out in his cart to go to
+market, and he was delayed so long that the market was over before he
+arrived."
+
+Rule--After writing a sentence always look through it, and see that
+wherever the word it is employed, it refers to or carries the mind back
+to the object which it is intended to point out.
+
+The general distinction between this and that may be thus defined: this
+denotes an object present or near, in time or place; that something
+which is absent.
+
+These refers, in the same manner, to present objects, while those refers
+to things that are remote.
+
+Who changes, under certain conditions, into whose and whom; but that and
+which always remain the same, with the exception of the possessive case,
+as noted above.
+
+That may be applied to nouns or subjects of all sorts; as, the girl that
+went to school, the dog that bit me, the opinion that he entertains.
+
+The misuse of these pronouns gives rise to more errors in speaking and
+writing than any other cause.
+
+When you wish to distinguish between two or more persons, say: "Which is
+the happy man?" not who--"Which of those ladies to you admire?"
+
+Instead of "Whom do you think him to be?" say, "Who do you think him to
+be?"
+
+Whom should I see.
+
+To whom do you speak?
+
+Who said so?
+
+Who gave it to you?
+
+Of whom did you procure them?
+
+Who was he?
+
+Who do men say that I am?
+
+Self should never be added to his, their, mine or thine.
+
+Each is used to denote every individual of a number.
+
+Every denotes all the individuals of a number.
+
+Either and or denote an alternative: "I will take either road, at your
+pleasure;" "I will take this or that."
+
+Neither means not either, and nor means not the other. Either is
+sometimes used for each--"Two thieves were crucified, on either side
+one."
+
+"Let each esteem others as good as themselves," should be, "Let each
+esteem others as good as himself."
+
+"There are bodies each of which are so small," should be, "each of which
+is so small."
+
+Do not use double superlatives, such as most straightest, most highest,
+most finest.
+
+The term worser has gone out of use; but lesser is stilt retained.
+
+The use of such words as chiefest, extreamest, etc., has become
+obsolete, because they do not give any superior force to the meanings of
+the primary words, chief, extreme, etc.
+
+Such expressions as more impossible, more indispensable, more universal,
+more uncontrollable, more unlimited, etc., are objectionable, as they
+really enfeeble the meaning which it is the object of the speaker or
+writer to strengthen. For instance, impossible gains no strength by
+rendering it more impossible. This class of error is common with persons
+who say, "A great large house," "A great big animal," "A little small
+foot," "A tiny little hand."
+
+Here, there and where, originally denoting place, may now, by common
+consent, be used to denote other meanings, such as, "There I agree with
+you," "Where we differ," "We find pain where we expected pleasure,"
+"Here you mistake me."
+
+Hence, whence and thence, denoting departure, etc., may be used without
+the word from. The idea of from is included in the word
+whence--therefore it is unnecessary to say "From whence."
+
+Hither, thither and whither, denoting to a place, have generally been
+superseded by here, there and where. But there is no good reason why
+they should not be employed. If, however, they are used, it is
+unnecessary to add the word to, because that is implied--"Whither are
+you going?" "Where are you going?" Each of these sentences is complete.
+To say, "Where are you going to?" is redundant.
+
+Two negatives destroy each other, and produce an affirmative. "Nor did
+he not observe them," conveys the idea that he did observe them.
+
+But negative assertions are allowable. "His manners are not impolite,"
+which implies that his manners are in some degree marked by politeness.
+
+Instead of "Let you and I." say "Let you and me."
+
+Instead of "I am not so tall as him," say "I am not so tall as he."
+
+When asked "Who is there?" do not answer "Me," but "I,"
+
+Instead of "For you and I," say "For you and me."
+
+Instead of "Says I," say "I said."
+
+Instead of "You are taller than me," say "You are taller than I."
+
+Instead of "I ain't," or "I arn't," say "I am not."
+
+Instead of "Whether I be present or no," say "Whether I be present or
+not."
+
+For "Not that I know on,"' say "Not that I know."
+
+Instead of "Was I to do so," say "Were I to do so."
+
+Instead of "I would do the same if I was him," say "I would do the same
+if I were he."
+
+Instead of "I had as lief go myself," say "I would as soon go myself,"
+or "I would rather."
+
+It is better to say "Six weeks ago" than "Six weeks back."
+
+It is better to say "Since which time," than "Since when,"
+
+It is better to say "I repeated it," than "I said so over again."
+
+Instead of "He was too young to have suffered much," say "He was too
+young to suffer much."
+
+Instead of "Less friends," say "Fewer friends." Less refers to quantity.
+
+Instead of  "A quantity of people," say "A number of people."
+
+Instead of "He and they we know," say "Him and them."
+
+Instead of "As far as I can see," say "So far as I can see."
+
+Instead of "A new pair of gloves," say "A pair of new gloves."
+
+Instead of "I hope you'll think nothing on it," say "I hope you'll think
+nothing of it."
+
+Instead of "Restore it back to me," say "Restore it to me."
+
+Instead of "I suspect the veracity of his story," say "I doubt the truth
+of his story."
+
+Instead of "I seldom or ever see him," say "I seldom see him."
+
+Instead of "I expected to have found him," say "1 expected to find him."
+
+Instead of "Who learns you music?" say "Who teaches you music?"
+
+Instead of "I never sing whenever I can help it," say "I never sing when
+I can help it."
+
+Instead of "Before I do that I must first ask leave," say "Before I do
+that I must ask leave."
+
+Instead of saying "The observation of the rule," say "The observance of
+the rule,"
+
+Instead of "A man of eighty years of age," say "A man eighty years old."
+
+Instead of "Here lays his honored head," say "Here lies his honored
+head."
+
+Instead of "He died from negligence," say "He died through neglect," or
+"in consequence of neglect."
+
+Instead of "Apples are plenty," say "Apples are plentiful."
+
+Instead of "The latter end of the year," say "The end, or the close, of
+the year."
+
+Instead of "The then government," say "The government of that age, or
+century, or year, or time."
+
+Instead of "A couple of chairs," say "Two chairs."
+
+Instead of "They are united together in the bonds of matrimony," say
+"They are united in matrimony," or "They are married,"   '.
+
+Instead of "We travel slow," say "We travel slowly."
+
+Instead of "He plunged down into the river," say "He plunged into the
+river."
+
+Instead of "He jumped from off the scaffolding," say "He jumped off the
+scaffolding."
+
+Instead of "He came the last of all," say "He came the last."
+
+Instead of "universal," with reference to things that have any limit,
+say "general," "generally approved," instead of "universally approved,"
+"generally beloved," instead of "universally beloved."
+
+Instead of "They ruined one another," say "They ruined each other,"
+
+Instead of "If in case I succeed," say "If I succeed."
+
+Instead of "A large enough room," say "A room large enough."
+
+Instead of "I am slight in comparison to you," say "I am slight in
+comparison with you."
+
+Instead of "I went for to see him," say "I went to see him."
+
+Instead of "The cake is all eat up," say "The cake is all eaten."
+
+Instead of "Handsome is as handsome does," say "Handsome is who handsome
+does."
+
+Instead of "The book fell on the floor," say "The book fell to the
+floor."
+
+Instead of "His opinions are approved of by all," say "His opinions are
+approved by all."
+
+Instead of "I will add one more argument," say "I will add one argument
+more," or "another argument."
+
+Instead of "A sad curse is war," say "War is a sad curse."
+
+Instead of "He stands six foot high," say "He measures six feet," or
+"His height is six feet."
+
+Instead of "I go every now and then," say "I go sometimes (or often)."
+
+Instead of "Who finds him in clothes," say "Who provides him with
+clothes."
+
+Say "The first two," and "the last two" instead of "the two first" "the
+two last."
+
+Instead of "His health was drank with enthusiasm," say "His health was
+drunk enthusiastically."
+
+Instead of "Except I am prevented," say "Unless I am prevented."
+
+Instead of "In its primary sense," say "In its primitive sense."
+
+Instead of "It grieves me to see you," say "I am grieved to see you."
+
+Instead of "Give me them papers," say "Give me those papers."
+
+Instead of "Those papers I hold in my hand," say "These papers I hold in
+my hand."
+
+Instead of "I could scarcely imagine but what," say "I could scarcely
+imagine that."
+
+Instead of "He was a man notorious for his benevolence," say "He was
+noted for his benevolence."
+
+Instead of "She was a woman celebrated for her crimes," say "She was
+notorious on account of her crimes."
+
+Instead of "What may your name be?" say "What is your name?"
+
+Instead of "I lifted it up," say "I lifted it."
+
+Instead of "It is equally of the same value," say "It is of the same
+value," or "equal value."
+
+Instead of "I knew it previous to your telling me," say "I knew it
+previously to your telling me."
+
+Instead of "You was out when I called," say "You were out when I
+called."
+
+Instead of "I thought I should have won this game," say "I thought I
+should win this game."
+
+Instead of "This much is certain," say "Thus much is certain," or "So
+much is certain."
+
+Instead of "He went away as it may be yesterday week," say "He went away
+yesterday week."
+
+Instead of "He came the Saturday as it may be before the Monday,"
+specify the Saturday on which he came.
+
+Instead of "Put your watch in your pocket," say "Put your watch into
+your pocket."
+
+Instead of "He has got riches," say "He has riches."
+
+Instead of "Will you set down?" say "Will you sit down?"
+
+Instead of "No thankee," say "No, thank you."
+
+Instead of "I cannot do it without farther means," say "I cannot do it
+without further means."
+
+Instead of "No sooner but," or "No other but," say "than."
+
+Instead of "Nobody else but her," say "Nobody but her."
+
+Instead of "He fell down from the balloon," say "He fell from the
+balloon."
+
+Instead of "He rose up from the ground," say "He rose from the ground."
+
+Instead of "These kind of oranges are not good," say "This kind of
+oranges is not good."
+
+Instead of "Somehow or another," say "Somehow or other."
+
+Instead of "Will I give you some more tea?" say "Shall I give you some
+more tea?"
+
+Instead of "Oh, dear, what will I do?" say "Oh, dear, what shall I do?"
+
+Instead of "I think indifferent of it," say "I think indifferently of
+it."
+
+Instead of "I will send it conformable to your orders," say "I will send
+it conformably to your orders."
+
+Instead of "To be given away gratis," say "To be given away."
+
+Instead of "Will you enter in?" say "Will you enter?"
+
+Instead of "This three days or more," say "These three days or more."
+
+Instead of "He is a bad grammarian," say "He is not a grammarian."
+
+Instead of "We accuse him for." say "We accuse him of."
+
+Instead of "We acquit him from," say "We acquit him of."
+
+Instead of "I am averse from that," say "I am averse to that."
+
+Instead of "I confide on you," say "I confide in you."
+
+Instead of "As soon as ever." say "As soon as."
+
+Instead of "The very best," or "The very worst," say "The best or the
+worst."
+
+Avoid such phrases as "No great shakes," "Nothing to boast of," "Down in
+my boots," "Suffering from the blues." All such sentences indicate
+vulgarity.
+
+Instead of "No one hasn't called," say "No one has called."
+
+Instead of "You have a right to pay me," say "It is right that you
+should pay me."
+
+Instead of "I am going over the bridge," say "I am going across the
+bridge."
+
+Instead of "I should just think I could," say "I think I can."
+
+Instead of "There has been a good deal," say "There has been much."
+
+Instead of "The effort you are making for meeting the bill," say "The
+effort you are making to meet the bill."
+
+To say "Do not give him no more of your money," is equivalent to saying
+"Give him some of your money." Say "Do not give him any of your money."
+
+Instead of saying "They are not what nature designed them," say "They
+are not what nature designed them to be."
+
+Instead of saying "I had not the pleasure of hearing his sentiments when
+I wrote that letter," say "I had not the pleasure of having heard," etc.
+
+Instead of "The quality of the apples were good," say "The quality of
+the apples was good."
+
+Instead of "The want of learning, courage and energy are more visible,"
+say "is more visible."
+
+Instead of "We die for want," say "We die of want."
+
+Instead of "He died by fever," say "He died of fever."
+
+Instead of "I enjoy bad health," say "My health is not good."
+
+Instead of "Either of the three," say "Any one of the three."
+
+Instead of "Better nor that," say "Better than that."
+
+Instead of "We often think on you," say "We often think of you."
+
+Instead of "Mine is so good as yours," say "Mine is as good as yours."
+
+Instead of "This town is not as large as we thought," say "This town is
+not so large as we thought."
+
+Instead of "Because why?" say "Why?"
+
+Instead of "That there boy," say "That boy."
+
+Instead of "The subject-matter of debate," say "The subject of debate."
+
+Instead of saying "When he was come back," say "When he had come back."
+
+Instead of saying "His health has been shook," say "His health has been
+shaken."
+
+Instead of saying "It was spoke in my presence," say "It was spoken in
+my presence."
+
+Instead of "Very right," or "Very wrong," say "Right" or "Wrong."
+
+Instead of "The mortgagor paid him the money," say "The mortgagee paid
+him the money." The mortgagee lends; the mortgagor borrows.
+
+Instead of "I took you to be another person," say "I mistook you for
+another person."
+
+Instead of "On either side of the river," say "On each side of the
+river."
+
+Instead of "There's fifty," say "There are fifty."
+
+Instead of "The best of the two" say "The better of the two,"
+
+Instead of "My clothes have become too small for me" say "I have grown
+too stout for my clothes."
+
+Instead of "Two spoonsful of physic," say "Two spoonfuls of physic."
+
+Instead of "She said, says she," say "She said."
+
+Avoid such phrases as "I said, says I," "Thinks I to myself," etc.
+
+Instead of "I don't think so," say "I think not."
+
+Instead of "He was in eminent danger," say "He was in imminent danger."
+
+Instead of "The weather is hot," say "The weather is very warm."
+
+Instead of "I sweat," say "I perspire."
+
+Instead of "I only want two dollars," say "I want only two dollars."
+
+Instead of "Whatsomever," say "Whatever," or "Whatsoever."
+
+Avoid such exclamations as "God bless me!" "God deliver me!" "By God!"
+"By Gosh!" "Holy Lord!" "Upon my soul!" etc., which are vulgar on the one
+hand, and savor of impiety all the other, for--"Thou shalt not take the
+name of the Lord thy God in vain."
+
+
+
+ACCENT AND PRONUNCIATION.
+
+Accent is a particular stress or force of the voice upon certain
+syllables or words. This mark in printing denotes the syllable upon
+which the stress or force of the voice should be placed.
+
+A word may have more than one accent. Take as an instance aspiration. In
+uttering the word we give a marked emphasis of the voice upon the first
+and third syllables, and therefore those syllables are said to be
+accented. The first of these accents is less distinguishable than the
+second, upon which we dwell longer; therefore the second accent in point
+of order is called the primary, or chief accent of the word.
+
+When the full accent falls on a vowel, that vowel should have a long
+sound, as in vo'cal; but when it falls on or after a consonant, the
+preceding vowel has a short sound, as in hab'it.
+
+To obtain a good knowledge of pronunciation it is advisable for the
+reader to listen to the examples given by good speakers, and by educated
+persons. We learn the pronunciation of words, to a great extent, by
+imitation, just as birds acquire the notes of other birds which may be
+near them.
+
+But it will be very important to bear in mind that there are many words
+having a double meaning or application, and that the difference of
+meaning is indicated by the difference of the accent, Among these words,
+nouns are distinguished from verbs by this means: nouns are mostly
+accented on the first syllabic, and verbs on the last.
+
+Noun signifies name; nouns are the names of persons and things, as well
+as of things not material and palpable, but of which we have a
+conception and knowledge, such as courage, firmness, goodness, strength;
+and verbs express actions, movements, etc. If the word used signifies
+has been done, or is being done, or is, or is to be done, then that word
+is a verb.
+
+Thus when we say that anything is "an in'sult," that word is a noun, and
+is accented all the first syllable; but when we say he did it "to
+insult' another person," that word insult' implies acting, and becomes a
+verb, and should be accented on the last syllable.
+
+
+Simple Rules of Pronunciation.
+
+C before a, o and u, and in some other situations, is a close
+articulation, like k. Before e, i and y, c is precisely equivalent to s
+in same, this; as in cedar, civil, cypress, capacity.
+
+E final indicates that the preceding vowel is long; as in hate, mete,
+sire, robe, lyre, abate, recede, invite, remote, intrude.
+
+E final indicates that c preceding has the sound of s; as in lace,
+lance, and that g preceding has the sound of j, as in charge, page,
+challenge.
+
+E final in proper English words never forms a syllable, and in the most
+used words in the terminating unaccented syllables it is silent. Thus,
+motive, genuine, examine, granite, are pronounced motiv, genuin, examin,
+granit.
+
+E final, in a few words of foreign origin, forms a syllable; as syncope,
+simile.
+
+E final is silent after l in the following terminations: ble, cle, dle,
+fle, gle, kle, ple, tle, zle; as in able, manacle, cradle, ruffle,
+mangle, wrinkle, supple, rattle, puzzle, which are pronounced a'bl,
+mana'cl, cra'dl, ruf'fl, man'gl, wrin'kl, sup'pl, puz'zl.
+
+E is usually silent in the termination en; as in taken, broken;
+pronounced takn, brokn. OUS, in the termination of adjectives and their
+derivatives, is pronounced us; as is gracious, pious, pompously.
+
+CE, CI, TI, before a vowel, have the sound of sh; as in cetaceous,
+gracious, motion, partial, ingratiate;  pronounced cetashus, grashus,
+moshun, parshal, ingrashiate.
+
+SI, after an accented vowel, is pronounced like zh; as in Ephesian,
+coufusion; pronounced Ephezhan, confushon.
+
+GH, both in the middle and at the end of words is silent; as in caught,
+bought, fright, nigh, sigh; pronounced caut, baut, frite, ni, si. In the
+following exceptions, however, gh is pronounced as f: cough, chough,
+clough, enough, laugh, rough, slough, tough, trough.
+
+When WH begins a word, the aspirate h precedes w in pronunciation: as in
+what, whiff, whale; pronounced hwat, hwiff, hwale, w having precisely
+the sound of oo, French ou. In the following words w is silent:---who,
+whom, whose, whoop, whole.
+
+H after r has no sound or use; as in rheum, rhyme; pronounced reum,
+ryme.
+
+H should be sounded in the middle of words; as in forehead, abhor,
+behold, exhaust, inhabit, unhorse.
+
+H should always be sounded except in the following words:--heir, herb,
+honest, honor, hour, humor, and humble, and all their derivatives,--such
+as humorously, derived from humor.
+
+K and G are silent before n; as know, gnaw; pronounced no, naw.
+
+W before r is silent; as in wring, wreath; pronounced ring, reath.
+
+B after m is silent; as in dumb, numb; pronounced dum, num.
+
+L before k is silent; as in balk, walk, talk; pronounced bauk, wauk,
+tauk.
+
+PH has the sound of f; as in philosophy; pronounced  filosofy.
+
+NG has two sounds, one as in singer, the other as in fin-ger.
+
+N after m, and closing a syllable, is silent; as in hymn, condemn.
+
+P before s and t is mute; as in psalm, pseudo, ptarmigan; pronounced
+salm, sudo, tarmigan.
+
+R has two sounds, one strong and vibrating, as at the beginning of words
+and syllables, such as robber, reckon, error; the other is at the
+termination of the words, or when succeeded by a consonant, as farmer,
+morn.
+
+
+Common Errors in Pronunciation.
+
+--ace, is not iss, as furnace, not furniss.
+
+--age, not idge, as cabbage, courage, postage, village.
+
+--ain, ane, not in, as certain, certane, not certin.
+
+--ate, not it, as moderate, not moderit.
+
+--ect, not ec, as aspect, not aspec; subject, not subjec.
+
+--ed, not id, or ud, as wicked, not wickid or wickud.
+
+--el, not l, model, not modl; novel, not novl.
+
+--en, not n, as sudden, not suddn.--Burden, burthen, garden, lengthen,
+seven, strengthen, often, and a few others, have the e silent.
+
+--ence, not unce, as influence, not influ-unce.
+
+--es, not is, as pleases, not pleasis.
+
+--ile should be pronounced il, as fertil, not fertile, in all words
+except chamomile (cam), exile, gentile, infantile, reconcile, and
+senile, which should be pronounced ile.
+
+--in, not n, as Latin, not Latn.
+
+--nd, not n, as husband, not husban; thousand, not thousan.
+
+--ness, not niss, as carefulness, not carefulniss.
+
+--ng, not n, as singing, not singin; speaking, not speakin.
+
+--ngth, not nth, as strength, not strenth.
+
+--son, the o should be silent; as in treason, tre-zn, not tre-son.
+
+--tal, not tle, as capital, not capitle; metal, not mettle; mortal, not
+mortle; periodical, not periodicle.
+
+--xt, not x, as next, not nex.
+
+
+
+SHORT RULES FOR SPELLING.
+
+Words ending in e drop that letter on taking a suffix beginning with a
+vowel. Exceptions--words ending in ge, ce, or oe.
+
+Final e of a primitive word is retained on taking a suffix beginning
+with a consonant. Exceptions--words ending in dge, and truly, duly, etc.
+
+Final y of a primitive word, when preceded by a consonant, is generally
+changed into i on the addition of a suffix. Exceptions--retained before
+ing and ish, as pitying. Words ending in ie and dropping the e by Rule
+1, change the i to y, as lying. Final y is sometimes changed to e, as
+duteous.
+
+Nouns ending in y, preceded by a vowel, form their plural by adding s; o
+as money, moneys. Y preceded by a consonant is changed to ies in the
+plural; as bounty, bounties.
+
+Final y of a primitive vowel, preceded by a vowel, should not be changed
+into i before a suffix; as, joyless.
+
+In words containing ei or ie, ei is used after the sound s, as ceiling,
+seize, except in siege and in a few words ending in cier. Inveigle,
+neither, leisure and weird also have ei. In other cases ie is used, as
+in believe, achieve.
+
+Words ending in ceous or cious, when relating to matter, end in ceous;
+all others in cious.
+
+Words of one syllable, ending in a consonant; with a single vowel before
+it, double the consonant in derivatives; as, ship, shipping, etc. But if
+ending in a consonant with a double vowel before it, they do not double
+the consonant in derivatives; as troop, trooper, etc.
+
+Words of more than one syllable, ending in a consonant preceded by a
+single vowel, and accented on the last syllable, double that consonant
+in derivatives; as commit, committed; but except chagrin, chagrined;
+kidnap, kidnaped.
+
+All words of one syllable ending in l, with a single vowel before it,
+have ll at the close; as mill, sell.
+
+All words of one syllable ending in l, with a double vowel before it,
+have only one l at the close: as mail, sail.
+
+The words foretell, distill, instill and fulfill retain the double ll of
+their primitives. Derivatives of dull, skill, will and full also retain
+the double ll when the accent falls on these words; as dullness,
+skillful, willful, fullness.
+
+
+
+PUNCTUATION.
+
+A period (.) after every declarative and every imperative sentence; as,
+It is true. Do right.
+
+A period is also used after every abbreviation; as, Dr., Mr., Capt.
+
+An interrogation point (?) after every question.
+
+The exclamation point (!) after exclamations; as, Alas! Oh, how lovely!
+
+Quotation marks (" ") inclose quoted expressions; as Socrates said: "I
+believe the soul is immortal."
+
+A colon (:) is used between parts of a sentence that are subdivided by
+semi-colons.
+
+A colon is used before a quotation, enumeration, or observation, that is
+introduced by as follows, the following, or any similar expression; as,
+Send me the following: 10 doz. "Armstrong's Treasury," 25 Schulte's
+Manual, etc.
+
+A semicolon (;) between parts that are subdivided by commas.
+
+The semicolon is used also between clauses or members that are
+disconnected in sense; as, Man grows old; he passes away; all is
+uncertain. When as, namely, that is, is used to introduce an example or
+enumeration, a semicolon is put before it and a comma after it; as, The
+night was cold; that is, for the time of year.
+
+A comma is used to set off interposed words, phrases and subordinate
+clauses not restrictive; as, Good deeds are never lost, though sometimes
+forgotten.
+
+A comma is used to set off transposed phrases and clauses, as, "When the
+wicked entice thee, consent thou not."
+
+A comma is used to set off interposed words, phrases and clauses; as,
+Let us, if we can, make others happy.
+
+A comma is used between similar or repeated words or phrases; as, The
+sky, the water, the trees, were illumined with sunlight.
+
+A comma is used to mark an ellipsis, or the omission of a verb or other
+important word.
+
+A comma is used to set off a short quotation informally introduced; as,
+Who said, "The good die young"?
+
+A comma is used whenever necessary to prevent ambiguity.
+
+The marks of parenthesis ( ) are used to inclose an interpolation where
+such interpolation is by the writer or speaker of the sentence in which
+it occurs. Interpolations by an editor or by anyone other than the
+author of the sentence should be inclosed in brackets--[ ].
+
+Dashes (--) may be used to set off a parenthetical expression, also to
+denote an interruption or a sudden change of thought or a significant
+pause.
+
+
+
+THE USE OF CAPITALS.
+
+1. Every entire sentence should begin with a capital.
+
+2. Proper names, and adjectives derived from these, should begin with a
+capital.
+
+3. All appellations of the Deity should begin with a capital.
+
+4. Official and honorary titles begin with a capital.
+
+5. Every line of poetry should begin with a capital.
+
+6. Titles of books and the heads of their chapters and divisions are
+printed in capitals.
+
+7. The pronoun I, and the exclamation O, are always capitals.
+
+8. The days of the week, and the months of the year, begin with
+capitals.
+
+9. Every quotation should begin with a capital letter.
+
+10. Names of religious denominations begin with capitals.
+
+11. In preparing accounts, each item should begin with a capital.
+
+12. Any word of special importance may begin with a capital.
+
+
+
+THE NAME OF GOD IN FIFTY LANGUAGES.
+
+Hebrew, Eleah, Jehovah;
+Chaldaic, Eiliah;
+Assyrian, Eleah;
+Syrian and Turkish, Alah;
+Malay, Alla;
+Arabic, Allah;
+Languages of the Magi, Orsi;
+Old Egyptian, Teut;
+Modern Egyptian, Teun;
+Armenian, Teuti;
+Greek, Theos;
+Cretan, Thios;
+Aedian and Dorian, Ilos;
+Latin, Deus;
+Low Latin, Diex;
+Celtic Gaelic, Diu;
+French, Dieu;
+Spanish, Dios;
+Portuguese, Deos;
+Old German, Diet;
+Provencal, Diou;
+Low Breton, Done;
+Italian, Dio;
+Irish, Dia;
+Olotu, Deu;
+German and Swiss, Gott;
+Flemish, God;
+Dutch, God;
+English, God;
+Teutonic, Goth;
+Danish and Swedish, Gud;
+Norwegian, Gud;
+Slav, Buch;
+Polish, Bog;
+Polacca, Bung;
+Lapp, Jubinal;
+Finnish, Jumala;
+Runic, As;
+Zembilian, As;
+Pannanlian, Istu;
+Tartar, Magatai;
+Coromandel, Brama;
+Persian, Sire;
+Chinese, Prussa;
+Japanese, Goezer;
+Madagascar, Zannar;
+Peruvian, Puchecammae.
+
+
+
+FACTS ABOUT SPONGES.
+By Albert Hart.
+
+Sponges belong to the animal kingdom, and the principal varieties used
+commercially are obtained off the coasts of Florida and the West Indies;
+the higher grades are from the Mediterranean Sea, and are numerous in
+variety.
+
+A sponge in its natural state is a different-looking object from what we
+see in commerce, resembling somewhat the appearance of the jelly fish,
+or a mass of liver, the entire surface being covered with a thin, slimy
+skin, usually of a dark color, and perforated to correspond with the
+apertures of the canals commonly called "holes of the sponge." The
+sponge of commerce is, in reality, only the skeleton of a sponge. The
+composition of this skeleton varies in the different kinds of sponges,
+but in the commercial grades it consists of interwoven horny fibers,
+among and supporting which are epiculae of silicious matter in greater
+or less numbers, and having a variety of forms. The fibers consist of a
+network of fibriles, whose softness and elasticity determine the
+commercial quality of a given sponge. The horny framework is perforated
+externally by very minute pores, and by a less number of larger
+openings. These are parts of an interesting double canal system, an
+external and an internal, or a centripetal and a centrifugal. At the
+smaller openings on the sponge's surface channels begin, which lead into
+dilated spaces. In these, in turn, channels arise, which eventually
+terminate in the large openings. Through these channels or canals
+definite currents are constantly maintained, which are essential to the
+life of the sponge. The currents enter through the small apertures and
+emerge through the large ones.
+
+The active part of the sponge, that is, the part concerned in nutrition
+and growth, is a soft, fleshy mass, partly filling the meshes and lining
+the canals. It consists largely of cells having different functions;
+some utilized in the formation of the framework, some in digestion and
+others in reproduction. Lining the dilated spaces into which different
+canals lead are cells surmounted by whip-like processes. The motion of
+these processes produces and maintains the water currents, which carry
+the minute food products to the digestive cells in the same cavities.
+Sponges multiply by the union of sexual product. Certain cells of the
+fleshy pulp assume the character of ova, and others that of spermatozoa.
+Fertilization takes place within the sponge. The fertilized eggs, which
+are called larvae, pass out into the currents of the water, and, in the
+course of twenty-four to forty-eight hours, they settle and become
+attached to rocks and other hard substances, and in time develop into
+mature sponges. The depth of the water in which sponges grow varies from
+10 to 50 feet in Florida, but considerably more in the Mediterranean
+Sea, the finer grades being found in the deepest water, having a
+temperature of 50 to 57 degrees.
+
+
+
+DON'T BE BURIED ALIVE.
+
+From time to time we are horrified by learning that some person has been
+buried alive, after assurances have been given of death. Under these
+circumstances the opinion of a rising French physician upon the subject
+becomes of world-wide interest, for since the tests which have been in
+use for years have been found unreliable no means should be left untried
+to prove beyond a doubt that life is actually extinct before conveying
+our loved ones to the grave.
+
+Dr. Martinot, as reported in the New York Journal, asserts that an
+unfailing test may be made by producing a blister on the hand or foot of
+the body by holding the flame of a candle to the same for a few seconds,
+or until the blister is formed which will always occur. If the blister
+contains any fluid it is evidence of life, and the blister only that
+produced by an ordinary burn. If, on the contrary, the blister contains
+only steam, it may be asserted that life is extinct. The explanation is
+as follows:
+
+A corpse, says Dr. Martinot, is nothing more than inert matter, under
+the immediate control of physical laws which cause all liquid heated to
+a certain temperature to become steam; the epidermis is raised, the
+blister produced; it breaks with a little noise, and the steam escapes.
+But if, in spite of all appearances, there is any remnant of life, the
+organic mechanism continues to be governed by physiological laws, and
+the blister will contain serous matter, as in the case of any ordinary
+burns.
+
+The test is as simple as the proof is conclusive. Dry blister: death.
+Liquid blister: life. Any one may try it; there is no error possible.
+
+
+
+HOW TO SERVE WINE.
+
+A fine dinner may be spoiled by not serving the proper wine at the
+proper time and at the proper temperature.
+
+A white wine (Sauterne, Riesling, Moselle, etc.) should be used from the
+beginning of the meal to the time the roast or game comes on. With the
+roast serve red wine, either claret or Burgundy.
+
+Use sparkling wines after the roast.
+
+With dessert, serve apricot cordial.
+
+Never serve red wine with soup or fish, and never a white wine with
+game.
+
+
+Storage, Temperature, Etc.
+
+Store your wines in the cellar at 50 to 60 degrees.
+
+All bottles should lie flat so that the cork is continually moist.
+
+This rule should be specially observed with sparkling wines. Sparkling
+wine should be served ice cold.
+
+Put the wine on the ice--not ice in the wine.
+
+Serve red wine at only about 5 degrees cooler than the dining-room.
+
+White wine should be about 15 degrees cooler than the temperature of the
+room.
+
+
+
+THE STEPS IN THE GROWTH OF AMERICAN LIBERTY.
+
+MAGNA CHARTA.
+
+About seven hundred years ago there was organized a movement which
+resulted in the great charter of English liberty--a movement which
+foreshadowed the battle of our American forefathers for political
+independence. On the 25th of August, 1213, the prelates and Barons,
+tiring of the tyranny and vacillation of King John, formed a council and
+passed measures to secure their rights. After two years of contest, with
+many vicissitudes, the Barons entered London and the King fled into
+Hampshire. By agreement both parties met at Runnymede on the 9th of
+June, 1215, and after several days' debate, on June 15, Magna Charta
+(the Great Charter), the glory of England, was signed and sealed by the
+sovereign. The Magna Charta is a comprehensive bill of rights, and,
+though crude in form, and with many clauses of merely local value, its
+spirit still lives and will live. Clear and prominent we find the motto,
+"No tax without representation." The original document is in Latin and
+contains sixty-one articles, of which the 39th and 40th, embodying the
+very marrow of our own State constitutions, are here given as translated
+in the English statutes:
+
+"39. No freeman shall be taken or imprisoned or be disseised of his
+freehold, or liberties or free customs, or be otherwise destroped
+[damaged], nor will be press upon him nor seize upon him [condemn him]
+but by lawful judgment of his peers or by the law of the land.
+
+"40. We will sell to no man, we will not deny or defer to any man,
+either right or justice."
+
+The Great Charter recognizes a popular tribunal as a check on the
+official judges and may be looked upon as the foundation of the writ of
+Habeas Corpus. It provides that no one is to be condemned on rumor or
+suspicion, but only on the evidence of witnesses. It affords protection
+against excessive emercements, illegal distresses and various processes
+for debts and service due to the crown. Fines are in all cases to be
+proportionate to the magnitude of the offense, and even the villein or
+rustic is not to be deprived of his necessary chattels. There are
+provisions regarding the forfeiture of land for felony. The testamentary
+power of the subject is recognized over part of his personal estate, and
+the rest to be divided between his widow and children. The independence
+of the church is also provided for. These are the most important
+features of the Great Charter, which, exacted by men with arms in their
+hands from a resisting king, occupies so conspicuous a place in history,
+which establishes the supremacy of the law of England over the will of
+the monarch, and which still forms the basis of English liberties.
+
+
+
+THE MECKLENBURG DECLARATION
+
+More than a year before the signing of the Declaration of Independence a
+document was drawn up that was almost a model in phraseology and
+sentiment of the great charter of American freedom. There are various
+accounts of this matter, but the most trustworthy is this:
+
+At a public meeting of the residents of Mecklenburg County, North
+Carolina, held at Charlotte on the 20th of May, 1775, it was
+
+"Resolved, That whenever directly or indirectly abetted, or in any way,
+form or manner countenanced, the unchartered and dangerous invasion of
+our rights, as claimed by Great Britain, is an enemy to our country--to
+America--and to the inherent and inalienable rights of man.
+
+"Resolved, That we, the citizens of Mecklenburg County, do hereby
+dissolve the political bonds which have connected us to the mother
+country, and hereby absolve ourselves from all allegiance to the British
+crown, and abjure all political connection, contract or association with
+that nation, which has wantonly trampled on our rights and liberties,
+and inhumanly shed the blood of American patriots at Lexington.
+
+"Resolved, That we do hereby declare ourselves a free and independent
+people; are and of right ought to be a sovereign and self-governing
+association, under the control of no power other than that of our God
+and the general government of the Congress. To the maintenance of which
+independence we solemnly pledge to each other our mutual cooperation,
+our lives, our fortunes, and our sacred honor."
+
+There are two other resolutions, concerning the militia and the
+administration of the law, but these, having no present value, are here
+omitted.
+
+
+
+THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE.
+In Congress, July 4, 1776.
+
+When, in the course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people
+to dissolve the political bonds which have connected them with another,
+and to assume, among the powers of the earth, the separate and equal
+station to which the laws of Nature and Nature's God entitle them, a
+decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should
+declare the causes which impel them to the separation.
+
+We hold these truths to be self-evident: that all men are created equal;
+that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights;
+that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. That
+to secure these rights, governments are instituted among men, deriving
+their just powers from the consent of the governed; that whenever any
+form of government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the right of
+the people to alter or to abolish it, and to institute a new government,
+laying its foundation on such principles, and organizing its powers in
+such form as to them shall seem most likely to effect their safety and
+happiness. Prudence, indeed, will dictate that governments long
+established should not be changed for light and transient causes; and
+accordingly all experience has shown that mankind are more disposed to
+suffer, while evils are sufferable, than to right themselves by
+abolishing the forms to which they are accustomed. But when a long train
+of abuses and usurpations, pursuing invariably the same object, evinces
+a design to reduce them under absolute despotism, it is their right, it
+is their duty, to throw off such government, and to provide new guards
+for their future security. Such has been the patient sufferance of these
+colonies, and such is now the necessity which constrains them to alter
+their former systems of government. The history of the present King of
+Great Britain is a history of repeated injuries and usurpations, all
+having in direct object the establishment of an absolute tyranny over
+these States. To prove this, let facts be submitted to a candid world.
+
+He has refused his assent to laws the most wholesome and necessary for
+the public good.
+
+He has forbidden his governors to pass laws of immediate and pressing
+importance, unless suspended in their operation till his assent should
+be obtained; and when so suspended, he has utterly neglected to attend
+to them.
+
+He has refused to pass other laws for the accommodation of large
+districts of people, unless those people would relinquish the right of
+representation in the legislature--a right inestimable to them,
+formidable to tyrants only.
+
+He has called together legislative bodies at places unusual,
+uncomfortable, and distant from the depository of their public records,
+for the sole purpose of fatiguing them into compliance with his
+measures.
+
+He has dissolved representative houses repeatedly, for opposing with
+manly firmness his invasions on the rights of the people.
+
+He has refused, for a long time after such dissolutions, to cause others
+to be elected; whereby the legislative powers, incapable of
+annihilation, have returned to the people at large, for their exercise,
+the state remaining, in the meantime, exposed to all the dangers of
+invasion from without, and convulsions within.
+
+He has endeavored to prevent the population of these States; for that
+purpose obstructing the laws for naturalization of foreigners, refusing
+to pass others to encourage their migration hither, and raising
+conditions of new appropriation of lands. He has obstructed the
+administration of justice, by refusing his assent to laws establishing
+judiciary powers.
+
+He has made judges dependent on his will alone for the tenure of their
+offices and the amount and payment of their salaries.
+
+He has erected a multitude of new offices, and sent hither swarms of
+officers, to harass our people, and to eat out their substance.
+
+He has kept among us, in times of peace, standing armies, without the
+consent of our legislatures.
+
+He has affected to render the military independent of, and superior to,
+the civil power.
+
+He has combined with others to subject us to a jurisdiction foreign to
+our constitution, and unacknowledged by our laws; giving his assent to
+their acts of pretended legislation:
+
+For quartering large bodies of armed troops among us. For protecting
+them, by mock trial, from punishment for any murders which they should
+commit on the inhabitants of these States.
+
+For cutting off our trade with all parts of the world. For imposing
+taxes on us without our consent.
+
+For depriving us, in many cases, of the benefits of trial by jury.
+
+For transporting us beyond the seas to be tried for pretended offenses.
+
+For abolishing the free system of English laws in a neighboring
+province, establishing therein an arbitrary government, and enlarging
+its boundaries, so as to render it at once an example and fit instrument
+for introducing the same absolute rule into these colonies.
+
+For taking away our charters, abolishing our most valuable laws, and
+altering, fundamentally, the forms of our governments.
+
+For suspending our own legislatures and declaring themselves invested
+with power to legislate for us in all cases whatsoever.
+
+He has abdicated government here, by declaring us out of his protection,
+and waging war against us.
+
+He has plundered our seas, ravaged our coasts, burnt our towns, and
+destroyed the lives of our people.
+
+He is, at this time, transporting large armies of foreign mercenaries,
+to complete the works of death, desolation and tyranny, already begun
+with circumstances of cruelty and perfidy scarcely paralleled in the
+most barbarous ages, and totally unworthy the head of a civilized
+nation.
+
+He has constrained our fellow-citizens, taken captive on the high seas,
+to bear arms against their country, to become the executioners of their
+friends and brethren, or to fall themselves by their hands.
+
+He has excited domestic insurrection among us, and has endeavored to
+bring on the inhabitants of our frontiers the merciless Indian savages,
+whose known rule of warfare is an undistinguished destruction of all
+ages, sexes and conditions.
+
+In every stage of these oppressions we have petitioned for redress in
+the most humble terms; our repeated petitions have been answered only by
+repeated injury. A prince whose character is thus marked by every act
+which may define a tyrant is unfit to be ruler of a free people.
+
+Nor have we been wanting in attention to our British brethren. We have
+warned them, from time to time, of attempts by their legislature to
+extend an unwarrantable jurisdiction over us. We have reminded them of
+the circumstances of our emigration and settlement here. We have
+appealed to their native justice and magnanimity; and we have conjured
+them, by the ties of our common kindred, to disavow these usurpations,
+which would inevitably interrupt our connection and correspondence.
+They, too, have been deaf to the voice of justice and of consanguinity.
+We must, therefore, acquiesce in the necessity which denounces our
+separation, and hold them, as we hold the rest of mankind, enemies in
+war, in peace friends.
+
+We, therefore, the representatives of the United States of America, in
+general Congress assembled, appealing to the supreme Judge of the world
+for the rectitude of our intentions, do, in the name and by the
+authority of the good people of these colonies, solemnly publish and
+declare that these United Colonies are, and of right ought to be, free
+and independent States; that they are absolved from all allegiance to
+the British crown, and that all political connection between them and
+the state of Great Britain is, and ought to be, totally dissolved; and
+that, as free and independent States, they have full power to levy war,
+conclude peace, contract alliances, establish commerce and to do all
+other acts and things which independent States may of right do. And for
+the support of this declaration, with a firm reliance on the protection
+of Divine Providence, we mutually pledge to each other our lives, our
+fortunes and our sacred honor.
+
+The foregoing declaration was, by order of the Congress, engrossed, and
+signed by the following members:
+
+JOHN HANCOCK
+
+New Hampshire--Josiah Bartlett, William Whipple, Matthew Thornton.
+
+Massachusetts Bay--Samuel Adams, John Adams, Robert Treat Paine,
+Elbridge Gerry.
+
+Rhode Island--Stephen Hopkins, William Ellery.
+
+Connecticut--Roger Sherman, Samuel Huntington, William Williams, Oliver
+Wolcott
+
+New York--William Floyd, Philip Livingston, Francis Lewis, Lewis Morris.
+
+New Jersey--Richard Stockton. John Witherspoon, Francis Hopkinson, John
+Hart, Abraham Clark.
+
+Pennsylvania--Robert Morris, Benjamin Rush, Benjamin Franklin, John
+Morton, George Clymer, James Smith, George Taylor, James Wilson, George
+Ross.
+
+Delaware--Caesar Rodney, George Read, Thomas McKean.
+
+Maryland--Samuel Chase, William Paco, Thomas Stone, Charles Carroll, of
+Carrollton.
+
+Virginia--George Wythe, Richard Henry Lee, Thomas Jefferson, Benjamin
+Harrison, Thomas Nelson, Jr., Francis Lightfoot Lee, Carter Braxton.
+
+North Carolina--William Hooper, Joseph Hewes, John Penn.
+
+South Carolina--Edward Rutledge, Thomas Heyward, Jr., Thomas Lynch, Jr.,
+Arthur Middleton.
+
+Georgia--Button Gwinett, Lyman Hall, George Walton.
+
+
+The following clause formed part of the original Declaration of
+Independence as signed, but was finally left out of the printed copies
+"out of respect to South Carolina":
+
+"He [King George III.] has waged cruel war against human nature itself,
+violating its most sacred rights of life and liberty in the persons of a
+distant people who never offended him, captivating and carrying them
+into slavery in another hemisphere or to incur miserable death in their
+transportation thither."
+
+
+
+THE CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES.
+
+We, the people of the United States, in order to form a more perfect
+union, establish justice, insure domestic tranquillity, provide for the
+common defense, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of
+liberty to ourselves and our posterity, do ordain and establish this
+Constitution for the United States of America.
+
+Article I.
+
+SECTION I.
+
+1. All legislative powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress
+of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of
+Representatives.
+
+SECTION II.
+
+1. The House of Representatives shall be composed of members chosen
+every second year by the people of the several States; and the electors
+in each State shall have the qualifications requisite for electors of
+the most numerous branch of the State legislature.
+
+2. No person shall be a representative who shall not have attained to
+the age of twenty-five years, and have been seven years a citizen of the
+United States, and who shall not, when elected, be an inhabitant of that
+State in which he shall be chosen.
+
+3. Representative and direct taxes shall be apportioned among the
+several States which may be included within this Union, according to
+their respective numbers, which shall be determined by adding to the
+whole number of free persons, including those bound to service for a
+term of years, and excluding Indians not taxed, three-fifths of all
+other persons. The actual enumeration shall be made within three years
+after the first meeting of the Congress of the United States, and within
+every subsequent term of ten years, in such manner as they shall by law
+direct. The number of representatives shall not exceed one for every
+thirty thousand, but each State shall have at least one representative;
+and until such enumeration shall be made, the State of New Hampshire
+shall be entitled to choose three; Massachusetts, eight; Rhode Island
+and Providence Plantations, one; Connecticut, five; New York, six; New
+Jersey, four; Pennsylvania, eight; Delaware, one; Maryland, six;
+Virginia, ten; North Carolina, five; South Carolina, five, and Georgia,
+three.
+
+4. When vacancies happen in the representation from any State, the
+executive authority thereof shall issue writs of election to fill such
+vacancies.
+
+5. The House of Representatives shall choose their speaker and other
+officers; and shall have the sole power of impeachment.
+
+SECTION III.
+
+1. The Senate of the United States shall be composed of two senators
+from each State, chosen by the legislature thereof, for six years; and
+each senator shall have one vote.
+
+2. Immediately after they shall be assembled in consequence of the first
+election, they shall be divided as equally as may be into three classes.
+The seats of the senators of the first class shall be vacated at the
+expiration of the second year, of the second class at the expiration of
+the fourth year, and of the third class at the expiration of the sixth
+year, so that one-third may be chosen every second year; and if
+vacancies happen by resignation, or otherwise, during the recess of the
+legislature of any State, the executive thereof may make temporary
+appointments until the next meeting of the legislature, which shall then
+fill such vacancies.
+
+3. No person shall be a senator who shall not have attained to the age
+of thirty years, and been nine years a citizen of the United States, and
+who shall not, when elected, be an inhabitant of that State for which he
+shall be chosen.
+
+4. The Vice-President of the United States shall be president of the
+Senate, but shall have no vote unless they be equally divided.
+
+5. The Senate shall choose their other officers, and also a president
+pro tempore, in the absence of the Vice-President, or when he shall
+exercise the office of President of the United States.
+
+6. The Senate shall have the sole power to try all impeachments. When
+sitting for that purpose they shall be on oath or affirmation. When the
+President of the United States is tried, the Chief Justice shall
+preside; and no person shall be convicted without the concurrence of
+two-thirds of the members present.
+
+7. Judgment, in cases of impeachment, shall not extend further than to
+removal from office, disqualification to hold and enjoy any office of
+honor, trust or profit under the United States; but the party convicted
+shall nevertheless be liable and subject to indictment, trial, judgment
+and punishment, according to law.
+
+SECTION IV.
+
+1. The times, places and manner of holding elections for senators and
+representatives shall be prescribed in each State by the legislature
+thereof; but the Congress may at any time by law make or alter such
+regulations, except as to the places of choosing senators.
+
+2. The Congress shall assemble at least once in every year; and such
+meeting shall be on the first Monday in December, unless they shall by
+law appoint a different day.
+
+SECTION V.
+
+1. Each house shall be the judge of the election, returns and
+qualifications of its own members, and a majority of each shall
+constitute a quorum to do business; but a smaller number may adjourn
+from day to day and may be authorized to compel the attendance of absent
+members, in such manner and under such penalties as each house may
+provide.
+
+2. Each house may determine the rules of its proceedings, punish its
+members for disorderly behavior, and, with the concurrence of
+two-thirds, expel a member.
+
+3. Each house shall keep a journal of its proceedings, and from time to
+time publish the same, excepting such parts as in their judgment require
+secrecy; and the yeas and nays of the members of either house on any
+question shall, at the desire of one-fifth of those present, be entered
+on the journal.
+
+4. Neither house, during the Session of Congress, shall, without the
+consent of the other, adjourn for more than three days, nor to any other
+place than that in which the two houses shall be sitting.
+
+SECTION VI.
+
+1. The senators and representatives shall receive a compensation for
+their services, to be ascertained by law, and paid out of the treasury
+of the United States. They shall, in all cases, except treason, felony,
+and breach of peace, be privileged from arrest during their attendance
+at the session of their respective houses, and in going to and returning
+from the same; and for any speech or debate in either house they shall
+not be questioned in any other place.
+
+2. No senator or representative shall, during the time for which he was
+elected, be appointed to any civil office under the authority of the
+United States, which shall have been created, or the emoluments whereof
+shall have been increased, during such time; and no person holding any
+office under the United States shall be a member of either house during
+his continuance in office.
+
+SECTION VII.
+
+1. All bills for raising revenue shall originate in the House of
+Representatives; but the Senate may propose or concur with amendments as
+on other bills.
+
+2. Every bill which shall have passed the House of Representatives and
+the Senate, shall, before it becomes a law, be presented to the
+President of the United States; if he approve he shall sign it, but if
+not he shall return it, with his objections, to that house in which it
+shall have originated, who shall enter the objections at large on their
+journal, and proceed to reconsider it. If, after such reconsideration,
+two-thirds of that house shall agree to pass the bill, it shall be sent,
+together with the objections, to the other house, by which it shall
+likewise be reconsidered, and if approved by two-thirds of that house,
+it shall become a law. But in all such cases the votes of both houses
+shall be determined by yeas and nays, and the names of the persons
+voting for or against the bill be entered on the journal of each house
+respectively. If any bill shall not be returned by the President within
+ten days (Sundays excepted) after it shall have been presented to him,
+the same shall be a law in like manner as if he had signed it, unless
+the Congress, by their adjournment, prevent its return, in which case it
+shall not be a law.
+
+3. Every order, resolution or vote to which the concurrence of the
+Senate and the House of Representatives may be necessary (except on a
+question of adjournment) shall be presented to the President of the
+United States; and before the same shall take effect, shall be approved
+by him, or, being disapproved by him, shall be repassed by two-thirds of
+the Senate and House of Representatives, according to the rules and
+limitations prescribed in the case of a bill.
+
+SECTION VIII.
+
+The Congress shall have power--
+
+1. To lay and collect taxes, duties, imposts and excises to pay the
+debts and provide for the common defense and general welfare of the
+United States; but all duties, imposts and excises shall be uniform
+throughout the United States;
+
+2. To borrow money on the credit of the United States;
+
+3. To regulate commerce with foreign nations, and among the several
+States, and with the Indian tribes;
+
+4. To establish a uniform rule of naturalization, and uniform laws on
+the subject of bankruptcies throughout the United States;
+
+5. To coin money, regulate the value thereof, and of foreign coin, and
+fix the standard of weights and measures;
+
+6. To provide for the punishment of counterfeiting the securities and
+current coin of the United States;
+
+7. To establish post-offices and post-roads;
+
+8. To promote the progress of science and useful arts, by securing for
+limited times to authors and inventors the exclusive right to their
+respective writings and discoveries;
+
+9. To constitute tribunals inferior to the Supreme Court;
+
+10. To define and punish piracies and felonies committed on the high
+seas, and offenses against the law of nations;
+
+11. To declare war, grant letters of marque and reprisal, and make rules
+concerning captures on land and water;
+
+12. To raise and support armies, but no appropriation of money to that
+use shall be for a longer term than two years;
+
+13. To provide and maintain a navy;
+
+14. To make rules for the government and regulation of the land and
+naval forces;
+
+15. To provide for calling forth the militia to execute the laws of the
+Union, suppress insurrections and repel invasions;
+
+16. To provide for organizing, arming and disciplining the militia, and
+for governing such part of them as may be employed in the service of the
+United States, reserving to the States, respectively, the appointment of
+the officers, and the authority of training the militia according to the
+discipline prescribed by Congress;
+
+17. To exercise exclusive legislation, in all cases whatsoever, over
+such district (not exceeding ten miles square) as may, by cession of
+particular States, and the acceptance of Congress, become the seat of
+the government of the United States, and to exercise like authority over
+all places purchased by the consent of the legislature of the State in
+which the same shall be, for the erection of forts, magazines, arsenals,
+dock-yards, and other needful buildings;
+
+And to make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying
+into execution the foregoing powers, and all other powers vested by the
+Constitution in the Government of the United States, or in any
+department or officer thereof.
+
+SECTION IX
+
+1. The migration or importation of such persons as any of the States now
+existing shall think proper to admit shall not be prohibited by the
+Congress prior to the year one thousand eight hundred and eight, but a
+tax or duty may be imposed on such importation, not exceeding ten
+dollars for each person.
+
+2. The privilege of the writ of Habeas Corpus shall not be suspended,
+unless when, in cases of rebellion or invasion, the public safety may
+require it.
+
+3. No bill of attainder or ex post facto law shall be passed.
+
+4. No capitation or other direct tax shall be laid, unless in proportion
+to the census or enumeration hereinbefore directed to be taken.
+
+5. No tax or duty shall be laid on articles exported from any State.
+
+6. No preference shall be given by any regulation of commerce or revenue
+to the ports of one State over those or another; nor shall vessels bound
+to or from one State be obliged to enter, clear, or pay duties in
+another.
+
+7. No money shall be drawn from the treasury but in consequence of
+appropriations made by law; and a regular statement and account of the
+receipts and expenditures of all public moneys shall be published from
+time to time.
+
+8. No title of nobility shall be granted by the United States; and no
+person holding any office of profit or trust under them shall, without
+the consent of the Congress, accept of any present, emolument, office or
+title of any kind whatever, from any king, prince or foreign state.
+
+SECTION X.
+
+1. No State shall enter into any treaty, alliance, or confederation;
+grant letters of marque and reprisal; coin money; emit bills of credit;
+make anything but gold and silver coin a tender in payment of debts;
+pass any bill of attainder, ex post facto law, or law impairing the
+obligation of contracts, or grant any title of nobility.
+
+2. No State shall, without the consent of the Congress, lay any impost
+or duties on imports or exports, except what may be absolutely necessary
+for executing its inspection laws; and the net produce of an duties and
+imposts laid by any State on imports or exports shall be for the use of
+the treasury of the United States; and all such laws shall be subject to
+the revision and control of the Congress. No State shall, without the
+consent of the Congress, lay any duty of tonnage, keep troops or ships
+of war in time of peace, enter into any agreement or compact with
+another State, or with a foreign power, or engage in war, unless
+actually invaded, or in such imminent danger as will not admit of delay.
+
+Article II.
+
+SECTION I.
+
+1. The executive power shall be vested in a President of the United
+States of America. He shall hold his office during the term of four
+years; and, together with the Vice-President chosen for the same term,
+be elected as follows:
+
+2. Each State shall appoint, in such manner as the legislature thereof
+may direct, a number of electors equal to the whole number of senators
+and representatives to which the State may be entitled in the Congress;
+but no senator or representative, or person holding an office of trust
+or profit under the United States, shall be appointed an elector.
+
+3. The electors shall meet in their respective States, and vote by
+ballot for two persons, of whom one at least shall not be an inhabitant
+of the same State with themselves. And they shall make a list of all the
+persons voted for and of the number of votes for each; which list they
+shall sign and certify, and transmit sealed to the seat of government of
+the United States, directed to the President of the Senate. The
+President of the Senate shall, in the presence of the Senate and House
+of Representatives, open all the certificates, and the votes shall then
+be counted. The person having the greatest number of votes shall be the
+President, if such number be a majority of the whole number of electors
+appointed; and if there be more than one who have such a majority, and
+have an equal number of votes, then the House of Representatives shall
+immediately choose, by ballot, one of them for President, and if no
+person have a majority, then, from the five highest on the list, the
+said House shall, in like manner, choose the President. But in choosing
+the President the votes shall be taken by States, the representation
+from each State having one vote; a quorum for this purpose shall consist
+of a member or members from two-thirds of all the States, and a majority
+of all the States shall be necessary to a choice. In every case, after
+the choice of the President, the person having the greatest number of
+votes of the electors shall be the Vice-President. But if there should
+remain two or more who have equal votes, the Senate shall choose from
+them, by ballot, the Vice-President.
+
+4. The Congress may determine the time of choosing the electors, and the
+day on which they shall give their votes, which day shall be the same
+throughout the United States.
+
+5. No person, except a natural-born citizen, or a citizen of the United
+States at the time of the adoption of this Constitution, shall be
+eligible to the office of President; neither shall any person be
+eligible to that office who shall not have attained the age of
+thirty-five years, and been fourteen years a resident within the United
+States.
+
+6. In case of the removal of the President from office, or of his death,
+resignation, or inability to discharge the powers and duties of said
+office, the same shall devolve on the Vice-President; and the Congress
+may, by law, provide for the case of removal, death, resignation or
+inability, both of the President and Vice-President, declaring what
+officer shall then act as President; and such officer shall act
+accordingly, until the disability be removed, or a President shall be
+elected.
+
+7. The President shall, at stated times, receive for his services a
+compensation, which shall neither be increased nor diminished during the
+period for which he shall have been elected; and he shall not receive
+within that period any other emoluments from the United States, or any
+of them.
+
+8. Before he enter on the execution of his office, he shall take the
+following oath or affirmation:
+
+"I do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will faithfully execute the
+office of President of the United States; and will, to the best of my
+ability, preserve, protect and defend the Constitution of the United
+States."
+
+SECTION II.
+
+1. The President shall be commander-in-chief of the army and navy of the
+United States, and of the militia of the several States, when called
+into the actual service of the United States. He may require the
+opinion, in writing, of the principal officer in each of the executive
+departments, upon any subject relating to the duties of their respective
+offices, and he shall have power to grant reprieves and pardons for
+offenses against the United States, except in cases of impeachment.
+
+2. He shall have power, by and with the advice and consent of the
+Senate, to make treaties, provided two-thirds of the Senators present
+concur; and he shall nominate, and, by and with the advice and consent
+of the Senate, shall appoint embassadors, other public ministers and
+consuls, judges of the Supreme Court, and all other officers of the
+United States whose appointments are not herein otherwise provided for,
+and which shall be established by law. But the Congress may, by law,
+vest the appointment of such inferior officers as they think proper in
+the President alone, in the courts of law, or in the heads of
+departments.
+
+3. The President shall have power to fill all vacancies that may happen
+during the recess of the Senate, by granting commissions which shall
+expire at the end of their next session.
+
+SECTION III.
+
+1. He shall, from time to time, give to the Congress information of the
+state of the Union, and recommend to their consideration such measures
+as he shall judge necessary and expedient. He may, on extraordinary
+occasions, convene both houses, or either of them; and in case of
+disagreement between them, with respect to the time of adjournment, he
+may adjourn them to such time as he shall think proper. He shall receive
+embassadors and other public ministers. He shall take care that the laws
+be faithfully executed; and shall commission all officers of the United
+States.
+
+SECTION IV.
+
+1. The President, Vice-President and all civil officers of the United
+States shall be removed from office on impeachment for, and conviction
+of, treason, bribery, or other high crimes and misdemeanors.
+
+Article III.
+
+SECTION I
+
+1. The judicial power of the United States shall be vested in one
+Supreme Court and in such inferior courts as Congress may from time to
+time ordain and establish. The judges both of the Supreme and inferior
+courts shall hold their offices during good behavior; and shall, at
+stated times, receive for their services a compensation which shall not
+be diminished during their continuance of office.
+
+SECTION II.
+
+1. The judicial power shall extend to all cases in law and equity
+arising under this Constitution, the laws of the United States, and
+treaties made, or which shall be made, under their authority; to all
+cases affecting embassadors, other public ministers and consuls; to all
+cases of admiralty and maritime jurisdiction; to controversies to which
+the United States shall be a party; to controversies between two or more
+States, between a State and citizens of another State, between citizens
+of different States, between citizens of the same State claiming lands
+under grants of different States, and between a State, or the citizens
+thereof, and foreign states, citizens, or subjects.
+
+2. In all cases affecting embassadors, other public ministers and
+consuls, and those in which a State shall be a party, the Supreme Court
+shall have original jurisdiction. In all the other cases mentioned, the
+Supreme Court shall have appellate jurisdiction, both as to law and
+fact, with such exceptions and under such regulations as the Congress
+shall make.
+
+3. The trial of all crimes, except in cases of impeachment, shall be by
+jury, and such trial shall be held in the State where the said crime
+shall have been committed; but when not committed within any State, the
+trial shall be at such place or places as the Congress may by law have
+directed.
+
+SECTION III.
+
+l. Treason against the United States shall consist only in levying war
+against them or in adhering to their enemies, giving them aid and
+comfort. No person shall be convicted of treason unless on the testimony
+of two witnesses to the same overt act, or on confession in open court.
+
+2. The Congress shall have power to declare the punishment of treason;
+but no attainder of treason shall work corruption of blood, or
+forfeiture, except during the life of the person attainted.
+
+Article IV.
+
+SECTION I.
+
+1. Full faith and credit shall be given in each State to the public
+acts, records and judicial proceedings of every other State; and the
+Congress may, by general laws, prescribe the manner in which such acts,
+records and proceedings shall be proved, and the effect thereof.
+
+SECTION II. 1. The citizens of each State shall be entitled to all
+privileges and immunities of citizens in the several States.
+
+2. A person charged in any State with treason, felony, or other crime,
+who shall flee from justice, and be found in another State, shall, on
+demand of the executive authority of the State from which he fled, be
+delivered up to be removed to the State having jurisdiction of the
+crime.
+
+3. No person held to service or labor in one State under the laws
+thereof, escaping into another, shall, in consequence of any laws or
+regulations therein, be discharged from such service or labor; but shall
+be delivered up on claim of the party to whom such service or labor may
+be due.
+
+SECTION III.
+
+1. New States may be admitted by the Congress into this Union; but no
+new State shall be formed or erected within the jurisdiction of any
+other State, nor any State be formed by the junction of two or more
+States or parts of States, without the consent of the legislatures of
+the States concerned, as well as of Congress.
+
+2. The Congress shall have power to dispose of, and make all needful
+rules and regulations respecting the territory or other property
+belonging to the United States; and nothing in this Constitution shall
+be so construed as to prejudice any claim of the United States, or of
+any particular State.
+
+SECTION IV.
+
+1. The United States shall guarantee to every State in this Union a
+republican form of government, and shall protect each of them against
+invasion; and, on application of the legislature, or of the executive
+(when the legislature cannot be convened), against domestic violence.
+
+Article V.
+
+1. The Congress, whenever two-thirds of both houses shall deem it
+necessary, shall propose amendments to this Constitution; or, on the
+application of the legislatures of two-thirds of the several States,
+shall call a convention for proposing amendments, which, in either case,
+shall be valid to all intents and purposes as part of this Constitution,
+when ratified by the legislatures of three-fourths of the several
+States, or by conventions in three-fourths thereof, as the one or the
+other mode of ratification may be proposed by the Congress; provided,
+that no amendment which may be made prior to the year one thousand eight
+hundred and eight shall in any manner affect the first and fourth
+clauses in the ninth section of the fifth article; and that no State,
+without its consent, shall be deprived of its equal suffrage in the
+Senate.
+
+Article VI.
+
+1. All debts contracted and engagements entered into before the adoption
+of this Constitution shall be as valid against the United States under
+this Constitution as under the Confederation.
+
+2. This Constitution, and the laws of the United States which shall be
+made in pursuance thereof, and all treaties made, or which shall be
+made, under the authority of the United States, shall be the supreme law
+of the land; and the judges of every State shall be bound thereby,
+anything in the Constitution or laws of any State to the contrary
+notwithstanding.
+
+3. The senators and representatives before mentioned, and the members of
+the several State legislatures, and all executive and judicial officers,
+both of the United States and the several States, shall be bound by oath
+or affirmation to support this Constitution; but no religious test shall
+ever be required as a qualification to any office or public trust under
+the United States.
+
+Article VII.
+
+1. The ratification of the convention of nine States shall be sufficient
+for the establishment of this Constitution between the States so
+ratifying the same. Done in convention by the unanimous consent of the
+States present, the seventeenth day of December, in the year of our Lord
+one thousand seven hundred and eighty-seven, and of the Independence of
+the United States of America the twelfth. In witness whereof we have
+hereunto subscribed our names.
+
+GEORGE WASHINGTON,
+President, and Deputy from Virginia.
+
+
+AMENDMENTS.
+
+Article I.
+
+Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or
+prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of
+speech or of the press, or the right of the people peaceably to
+assemble, and to petition the government for a redress of grievance.
+
+Article II.
+
+A well regulated militia being necessary to the security of a free
+state, the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be
+infringed.
+
+Article III.
+
+No soldier shall, in time of peace, be quartered in any house without
+the consent of the owner, nor in time of war, but in a manner to be
+prescribed by law.
+
+Article IV.
+
+The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers
+and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be
+violated; and no warrants shall issue but upon probable cause, supported
+by oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be
+searched, and the persons or things to be seized.
+
+Article V.
+
+No person shall be held to answer for a capital or otherwise infamous
+crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a grand jury, except in
+cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the militia, when in
+actual service in time of war or public danger; nor shall any person be
+subject for the same offense to be twice put in jeopardy of life or
+limb, nor shall be compelled, in any criminal case, to be a witness
+against himself, nor be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without
+due process of law; nor shall private property be taken for public use,
+without just compensation.
+
+Article VI.
+
+In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a
+speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury of the State and district
+wherein the crime shall have been committed, which district shall have
+been previously ascertained by law; and to be informed of the nature and
+cause of the accusation; to be confronted with the witnesses against
+him; to have compulsory process for obtaining witnesses in his favor,
+and to have the assistance of counsel for his defense.
+
+Article VII.
+
+In suits at common law, where the value in controversy shall exceed
+twenty dollars, the right of trial by jury shall be preserved; and no
+fact tried by a jury shall be otherwise reexamined, in any court of the
+United States, than according to the rules of the common law.
+
+Article VIII.
+
+Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor
+cruel and unusual punishment inflicted.
+
+Article IX.
+
+The enumeration in the Constitution of certain rights shall not be
+construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people.
+
+Article X.
+
+The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor
+prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively,
+or to the people. [The preceding ten amendatory articles were proposed
+to the legislatures of the States by the first Congress, September 25,
+1789, and notification of ratification received from all the States
+except Connecticut, Georgia and Massachusetts.]
+
+Article XI.
+
+The judicial power of the United States shall not be construed to extend
+to any suit in law or equity commenced or prosecuted against one of the
+United States by citizens or subjects of any foreign state.
+
+[Proposed by the Third Congress, and Congress notified of its adoption
+January 8, 1798.]
+
+Article XII.
+
+1. The electors shall meet in their respective States, and vote by
+ballot for President and Vice-President, one of whom, at least, shall
+not be an inhabitant of the same State with themselves. They shall name
+in their ballots the person voted for as President, and in distinct
+ballots the person voted for as Vice-President; and they shall make
+distinct lists of all persons voted for as President, and of all persons
+voted for as Vice-President; and of the number of votes for each; which
+lists they shall sign and certify, and transmit sealed to the seat of
+government of the United States, directed to the President of the
+Senate. The President of the Senate shall, in the presence of the Senate
+and House of Representatives, open the certificates, and the votes shall
+then be counted. The person having the greatest number of votes for
+President shall be the President, if such number be a majority of the
+whole number of electors appointed; and if no person have such majority,
+then from the persons having the highest numbers, not exceeding three,
+on the list of those voted for as President, the House of
+Representatives shall choose immediately, by ballot, the President. But,
+in choosing the President, the votes shall be taken by States, the
+representation from each State having one vote; a quorum for this
+purpose shall consist of a member or members from two-thirds of the
+States, and a majority of all the States shall be necessary to a choice.
+And if the House of Representatives shall not choose a President
+whenever the right of choice shall devolve upon them, before the fourth
+day of March next following, then the Vice-President shall act as
+President, as in the case of the death or other constitutional
+disability of the President.
+
+2. The person having the greatest number of votes as Vice-President
+shall be the Vice-President, if such number be a majority of the whole
+number of electors appointed, and if no person have a majority, then
+from the two highest numbers on the list the Senate shall choose the
+Vice-President. A quorum for the purpose shall consist of two-thirds of
+the whole number of senators, and a majority of the whole number shall
+be necessary to a choice.
+
+3. But no person constitutionally ineligible to the office of President
+shall be eligible to that of Vice-President of the United Stales.
+
+[Proposed by the Eighth Congress, and declared adopted September 23,
+1804, by proclamation of the Secretary of State.]
+
+Article XIII.
+
+1. Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for
+crime, whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist
+within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction.
+
+2. Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate
+legislation.
+
+[Proposed by the Thirty-eighth Congress, and declared adopted December
+18, 1865, by proclamation of the Secretary of State.]
+
+Article XIV.
+
+SECTION I.
+
+All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the
+jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State
+wherein they reside. No State shall make or enforce any law which shall
+abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States,
+nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property,
+without due process or law, nor deny to any person within its
+jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.
+
+SECTION II. Representatives shall be apportioned among the several
+States according to their respective numbers, counting the whole number
+of persons in each State, excluding Indians not taxed. But when the
+right to vote at any election for the choice of electors for President
+and Vice-President of the United States, representatives in Congress,
+the executive and judicial officers of a State, or the members of the
+legislature thereof, is denied to any of the male inhabitants of such
+State, being twenty-one years of age, and citizens of the United
+States, or in any way abridged, except for participation in rebellion or
+other crime, the basis of representation therein shall be reduced in the
+proportion which the number of such male citizens shall bear to the
+whole number of male citizens twenty-one years of age in such State.
+
+SECTION III. No person shall be a senator or representative in Congress,
+or elector of President and Vice-President, or hold any office, civil or
+military, under the United States, or under any State, who, having
+previously taken an oath as a member of Congress, or as an officer of
+the United States, or as a member of any State legislature, or as an
+executive or judicial officer of any State, to support the Constitution
+of the United States, shall have engaged in insurrection or rebellion
+against the same, or given aid or comfort to the enemies thereof; but
+Congress may, by a vote of two-thirds of each house, remove such
+disability.
+
+SECTION IV. The validity of the public debt of the United States,
+authorized by law, including debts incurred for payment of pensions and
+bounties for services in suppressing insurrection or rebellion, shall
+not be questioned. But neither the United States nor any State shall
+assume or pay any debt or obligation incurred in aid of insurrection or
+rebellion against the United States, or any claim for the loss or
+emancipation of any slave; but all such debts, obligations and claims
+shall be held illegal and void.
+
+SECTION V. The Congress shall have power to enforce, by appropriate
+legislation, the provisions of this article.
+
+[Proposed by the Thirty-ninth Congress and declared adopted by concurrent
+resolution of Congress, July 21, 1868.]
+
+Article XV.
+
+SECTION I.
+
+The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied
+or abridged by the United States, or any State, on account of race,
+color or previous condition of servitude.
+
+SECTION II.
+
+The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate
+legislation.
+
+[Proposed by the Fortieth Congress, and declared adopted by proclamation
+of the Secretary of State, March 30, 1870.]
+
+
+
+WORKINGMEN EASILY GULLED.
+
+Who fought for King George in 1776? Working people.
+
+What interest did they have in being ruled by him? None.
+
+Why, then, did they risk their lives for him? Because he hired them.
+
+Where did the king get the money to pay them? By taxing them.
+
+Then they really paid themselves for fighting? Certainly.
+
+In every war ever fought the working people paid the expenses.
+
+
+
+"WHAT constitutes a state?
+Men who their duties know,
+But know their rights, and, knowing,
+Dare maintain."
+--Jones.
+
+
+
+JEFFERSON'S POLITICAL POLICY.
+
+1. Legal equality of all human beings.
+
+2. The people the only source of power.
+
+3. No hereditary offices, nor order of "nobility," nor title.
+
+4. No unnecessary taxation.
+
+5. No national banks or bonds.
+
+6. No costly splendor of administration.
+
+7. Freedom of thought and discussion.
+
+8. Civil authority superior to the military.
+
+9. No favored classes; no special privileges; no monopolies.
+
+10. Free and fair elections; universal suffrage.
+
+11. No public money spent without warrant of law.
+
+12. No mysteries in government hidden from the public eye.
+
+13. Representatives bound by the instructions of their constituents.
+
+14. The Constitution of the United States a special grant of powers
+limited and definite.
+
+15. Freedom, sovereignty and independence of the respective States.
+
+16. Absolute severance of Church and State.
+
+17. The Union a compact--not a consolidation nor a centralization.
+
+18. Moderate salaries, economy and strict accountability.
+
+19. Gold and silver currency--supplemented by treasury notes bearing no
+interest and bottomed on taxes.
+
+20. No State banks of issue.
+
+21. No expensive navy or diplomatic establishment.
+
+22. A progressive or graduated tax laid upon wealth.
+
+23. No internal revenue system. A complete separation of public moneys
+from bank funds.
+
+
+
+PRESIDENTS OF THE UNITED STATES.
+
+Declaration of Independence   July 4th, 1776
+
+General Washington, first President.   1789 and 1793
+
+John Adams   1797
+
+Thomas Jefferson   1801 and 1805
+
+James Madison   1809 and 1813
+
+James Monroe   1817 and 1821
+
+John Quincy Adams   1825
+
+General Andrew Jackson   1829 and 1833
+
+Martin Van Buren   1837
+
+General William Henry Harrison (died 4th April)  1841
+
+John Tyler (elected as Vice-President).   1841
+
+James Knox Polk   1845
+
+General Zachary Taylor (died 9th July, 1850)   1849
+
+Millard Fillmore (elected as Vice-President)  1850
+
+General Franklin Pierce   1853
+
+James Buchanan   1857
+
+Abraham Lincoln (assassinated 14th April, 1865)   1861 and 1865
+
+Andrew Johnson (elected as Vice-President)    1865
+
+General Ulysses S. Grant  1869 and 1873
+
+Rutherford B. Hayes   1877
+
+General J. Abram Garfield (died 19th September, 1881)   1881
+
+General Chester A. Arthur (elected as V. Pres.)   1881
+
+Grover Cleveland   1885
+
+Benjamin H. Harrison   1889
+
+Grover Cleveland   1893
+
+William McKinley (elected)   1897
+
+(Re-elected)  1901
+
+(Assassinated September 14, 1901)
+
+Theodore Roosevelt (elected Vice-President)  1901
+
+(Became President September 14)  1901
+
+Theodore Roosevelt (elected)   1905
+
+Wm. H. Taft   1909
+
+
+
+FACTS ABOUT THE LIBERTY BELL.
+
+Cast by Thomas Lester, Whitechapel, London.
+
+Arrived in Philadelphia in August, 1752.
+
+First used in statehouse, Philadelphia, Aug. 27, 1752.
+
+Twice recast by Pass & Snow, Philadelphia, to repair crack, September,
+1752.
+
+Muffled and tolled Oct. 5, 1765, on arrival of ship Royal Charlotte with
+stamps.
+
+Muffled and tolled Oct. 31, 1765, when stamp act was put in operation.
+
+Summoned meeting to prevent landing of cargo of tea from the ship Polly
+Dec. 27, 1774.
+
+Summoned meeting of patriots April 25, 1775, after battle of Lexington.
+
+Proclaimed declaration of independence and the birth of a new nation at
+great ratification meeting July 8, 1776.
+
+First journey from Philadelphia made in September, 1777, to Allentown,
+Pa., to escape capture by the British; returned June 27, 1778.
+
+Proclaimed treaty of peace April 16, 1783.
+
+Tolled for the death of Washington Dec. 26, 1799.
+
+Rung on the fiftieth anniversary of the declaration of independence July
+4, 1826.
+
+Last used in tolling for the death of John Marshall July 8, 1835,
+
+Principal tours: To New Orleans in 1885; Chicago, 1893; Atlanta, 1895;
+Boston, 1902; St Louis, 1904.
+
+
+
+HOW THE PRESIDENTS DIED.
+
+George Washington's death was the result of a severe cold contracted
+while riding around his farm in a rain and sleet storm on Dec. 10, 1799.
+The cold increased and was followed by a chill, which brought on acute
+laryngitis. He died at the age of 68, on Dec. 14, 1799.
+
+John Adams died from old age, having reached his ninety-first milestone.
+Though active mentally, he was nearly blind and unable to hold a pen
+steadily enough to write. He passed away without pain on July 4, 1826.
+
+Thomas Jefferson died at the age of eighty-three, a few hours before
+Adams, on July 4, 1826. His disease was chronic diarrhoea, superinduced
+by old age, and his physician said the too free use of the waters of the
+white sulphur springs.
+
+James Madison also died of old age, and peacefully, on June 28, 1836.
+His faculties were undimmed to the last. He was eighty-five.
+
+James Monroe's demise, which occurred in the seventy-third year of his
+age, on July 4, 1831, was assigned to enfeebled health.
+
+John Quincy Adams was stricken with paralysis on Feb. 21, 1848, while
+addressing the Speaker of the House of Representatives, being at the
+time a member of Congress. He died in the rotunda of the Capitol. He was
+eighty-one years of age.
+
+Andrew Jackson died on June 8, 1845, seventy-eight years old. He
+suffered from consumption and finally dropsy, which made its appearance
+about six months before his death.
+
+Martin Van Buren died on July 24, 1862, from a violent attack of asthma,
+followed by catarrhal affections of the throat and lungs. He was eighty
+years of age.
+
+William Henry Harrison's death was caused by pleurisy, the result of a
+cold, which he caught on the day of his inauguration. This was
+accompanied with severe diarrhoea, which would not yield to medical
+treatment. He died on April 4, 1841, a month after his inauguration. He
+was sixty-eight years of age.
+
+John Tyler died on Jan. 17, 1862, at the age of seventy-two. Cause of
+death, bilious colic.
+
+James K. Polk was stricken with a slight attack of cholera in the spring
+of 1849, while on a boat going up the Mississippi River. Though
+temporarily relieved, he had a relapse on his return home and died on
+June 15, 1849, aged fifty-four years.
+
+Zachary Taylor was the second President to die in office. He is said to
+have partaken immoderately of ice water and iced milk, and then later of
+a large quantity of cherries. The result was an attack of cholera
+morbus. He was sixty-six years old.
+
+Millard Fillmore died from a stroke of paralysis on March 8, 1874, in
+his seventy-fourth year.
+
+Franklin Pierce's death was due to abdominal dropsy, and occurred on
+Oct. 8, l869, in the sixty-fifth year of his age.
+
+James Buchanan's death occurred on June 1, 1868, and was caused by
+rheumatic gout. He was seventy-seven years of age.
+
+Abraham Lincoln was shot by J. Wilkes Booth at Ford's Theater,
+Washington, D. C., on April 14, 1865, and died the following day, aged
+fifty-six.
+
+Andrew Johnson died from a stroke of paralysis July 31, 1875, aged
+sixty-seven.
+
+U. S. Grant died of cancer of the tongue, at Mt. McGregor, N. Y., July
+3, 1885.
+
+James A. Garfield was shot by Charles J. Guiteau on July 2. 1881. Died
+Sept. 19, 1881.
+
+Chester A. Arthur, who succeeded Garfield, died suddenly of apoplexy in
+New York City, Nov. 18, 1886.
+
+Rutherford B. Hayes died Jan. 17, 1803, the result of a severe cold
+contracted in Cleveland, Ohio.
+
+Benjamin Harrison died March 13, 1901. Cause of death, pneumonia.
+
+William McKinley was assassinated Sept. 14, 1901.
+
+Grover Cleveland died on June 24, 1908, of debility, aged 71.
+
+
+
+WHO IS THE AUTHOR?
+
+The following literary curiosity found its way recently into the query
+column of a Boston newspaper. Nobody seems to know who wrote it:
+
+O I wish I was in eden
+Where all the beastes is feedin,
+the Pigs an cows an osses.
+And the long tale Bull wot tosses
+the Bulldog and the Rabbit,
+acaus it is his habbit;
+Where Lions, Tigurs, monkees,
+And them long-ear'd things call'd Donkeys,
+Meat all together daylee
+With Crockedyles all Skaley,
+Where sparros on the bushis
+Sings to there mates, the thrushis,
+an Hawks and Littel Rens
+Wawks about like Cocks and Ens,
+One looking at the tuther
+for all the World like a Bruther.
+Where no quarlin is or Phytin,
+its tru wot ime aritin.
+O for a wauk at even,
+somewhere abowt 6 or 7,
+When the Son be gwain to bed,
+with his fase all fyree red.
+O for the grapes and resins
+Wot ripens at all seesins;
+the appels and the Plumbs
+As Big as my 2 thums;
+the hayprecocks an peechis,
+Wot all within our reech is,
+An we mought pick an heat,
+paying nothing for the treat.
+O for the pooty flouers
+A bloomin at all ours,
+So that a large Bokay
+Yew may gether any day
+Of ev'ry flour that blose
+from Colleflour to rose.
+
+
+
+THE ART OF NOT FORGETTING.
+
+A Brief but Comprehensive Treatise Based on Loisette's Famous System of
+Memory Culture.
+
+So much has been said about Loisette's memory system, the art has been
+so widely advertised, and so carefully guarded from all the profane who
+do not send five or many dollars to the Professor, that a few pages,
+showing how man may be his own Loisette, may be both interesting and
+valuable.
+
+In the first place, the system is a good one, and well worth the labor
+of mastering, and if the directions are implicitly followed there can be
+no doubt that the memory will be greatly strengthened and improved, and
+that the mnemonic feats otherwise impossible may be easily performed.
+Loisette, however, is not an inventor, but an introducer. He stands in
+the same relation to Dr. Pick that the retail dealer holds to the
+manufacturer: the one produced the article, the other brings it to the
+public. Even this statement is not quite fair to Loisette, for he has
+brought much practical common sense to bear upon Pick's system, and, in
+preparing the new art of mnemonics for the market, in many ways he has
+made it his own.
+
+If each man would reflect upon the method by which he himself remembers
+things, he would find his hand upon the key of the whole mystery. For
+instance, I was once trying to remember the word "Blythe." There
+occurred to my mind the words "Bellman," "Belle," and the verse:
+
+  "---- the peasant upward climbing
+  Hears the bells of Buloss chiming."
+
+"Barcarole," "Barrack," and so on, until finally the word "Blythe"
+presented itself with a strange insistence, long after I had ceased
+trying to recall it.
+
+On another occasion, when trying to recall the name "Richardson," I got
+the words "hay-rick," "Robertson," "Randallstown," and finally
+"wealthy," from which, naturally, I got "rich" and "Richardson" almost
+in a breath.
+
+Still another example: Trying to recall the name of an old schoolmate,
+"Grady," I got "Brady," "grave," "gaseous," "gastronome," "gracious,"
+and I finally abandoned the attempt, simply saying to myself that it
+began with a "G," and there was an "a" sound after it. The next morning
+when thinking of something entirely different, this name "Grady" came up
+in my mind with as much distinctness as though someone had whispered it
+in my ear. This remembering was done without any conscious effort on my
+part, and was evidently the result of the exertion made the day before
+when the mnemonic processes were put to work. Every reader must have had
+a similar experience which he can recall, and which will fall in line
+with the examples given.
+
+It follows, then, that when we endeavor, without the aid of any system,
+to recall a forgotten fact or name, our memory presents to us words of
+similar sound or meaning in its journey toward the goal to which we have
+started it. This goes to show that our ideas are arranged in groups in
+whatever secret cavity or recess of the brain they occupy, and that the
+arrangement is not an alphabetical one exactly, and not entirely by
+meaning, but after some fashion partaking of both.
+
+If you are looking for the word "meadow" you may reach "middle" before
+you come to it, or "Mexico," or many, words beginning with the "m"
+sound, or containing the "dow", as window, or "dough," or you may get
+"field" or "farm"--but you are on the right track, and if you do not
+interfere with your intellectual process you will finally come to the
+idea which you are seeking.
+
+How often have you heard people say, "I forget his name, it is something
+like Beadle or Beagle--at any rate it begins with a B." Each and all of
+these were unconscious Loisettians, and they were practicing blindly,
+and without proper method or direction, the excellent system which he
+teaches. The thing, then, to do--and it is the final and simple truth
+which Loisette teaches--is to travel over this ground in the other
+direction--to cement the fact which you wish to remember to some other
+fact or word which you know will be brought out by the implied
+conditions--and thus you will always be able to travel from your given
+starting-point to the thing which you wish to call to mind.
+
+It seems as though a channel were cut in our mind-stuff along which the
+memory flows. How to construct an easy channel for any event or series
+of events or facts which one wishes to remember, along which the mind
+will ever afterward travel, is the secret of mnemonics.
+
+Loisette, in common with all the mnemonic teachers, uses the old device
+of representing numbers by letters--and as this is the first and easiest
+step in the art, this seems to be the most logical place to introduce
+the accepted equivalents of the Arabic numerals:
+
+0 is always represented by s, z or c soft.
+
+1 is always represented by t, th or d.
+
+2 is always represented by n.
+
+3 is always represented by m.
+
+4 is always represented by r.
+
+5 is always represented by l.
+
+6 is always represented by sh, j, ch soft or g soft.
+
+7 is always represented by g hard, k, c hard, q or final ng.
+
+8 is always represented by f or v.
+
+9 is always represented by p or b.
+
+All the other letters are used simply to fill up. Double letters in a
+word count only as one. In fact, the system goes by sound, not by
+spelling, For instance, "this" or "dizzy" would stand for ten; "catch"
+or "gush" would stand for 76, and the only difficulty is to make some
+word or phrase which will contain only the significant letters in the
+proper order, filled out with non-significants into some guise of
+meaning or intelligibility.
+
+You can remember the equivalents given above by noting that z is the
+first letter of "zero," and c of "cipher," t has but one stroke, n has
+two, m three; the script f is very like 8; the script p like 9; r is the
+last letter of "four;" l is the Roman numeral for 50, which suggests 5.
+The others may be retained by memorizing these nonsense lines:
+
+  Six shy Jewesses chase George.
+  Seven great kings came quarreling.
+
+Suppose you wished to get some phrase or word that would express the
+number 3,685, you arrange the letters this way:
+
+    3   ..   6   ..   8   ..   5
+a   m    a  sh    a   f    a   1
+e        e   j    e   v    e
+i        i  ch    i        i
+o        o   g    o        o
+u        u        u        u
+h        h        h        h
+w        w        w        w
+x        x        x        x
+y        y        y        y
+
+You can make out "image of law," "my shuffle," "matchville," etc., etc.,
+as far as you like to work it out.
+
+Now, suppose you wished to memorize the fact that $1,000,000 in gold
+weighs 3,685 pounds, you go about it in this way, and here is the kernel
+and crux of Loisette's system: "How much does $1,000,000 in gold weigh?"
+
+
+"Weigh-scales."
+
+"Scales--statue of justice."
+
+"Statue of Justice--image of law."
+
+The process is simplicity itself. The thing you wish to recall, and that
+you fear to forget, is the weight; consequently you cement your chain of
+suggestion to the idea which is most prominent in your mental question.
+What do you weigh with? Scales. What does the mental picture of scales
+suggest? The statue of Justice, blindfolded and weighing out award and
+punishment to man. Finally, what is this statue of Justice but the image
+of law? And the words "image of law," translated back from the
+significant letters m, g soft, f and 1, give you 3--6--8--5, the number
+of pounds in $1,000,000 in gold. You bind together in your mind each
+separate step in the journey, the one suggests the other, and you will
+find a year from now that the fact will be as fresh in your memory as it
+is today. You cannot lose it. It is chained to you by an unbreakable
+mnemonic tie. Mark that it is not claimed that "weight" will of itself
+suggest "scales," and "scales" "statue of Justice," etc., but that,
+having once passed your attention up and down that ladder of ideas, your
+mental tendency will be to take the same route, and get to the same goal
+again and again. Indeed, beginning with the weight of $1,000,000, "image
+of law" will turn up in your mind without your consciousness of any
+intermediate station on the way, after some iteration and reiteration of
+the original chain.
+
+Again, so as to fasten the process in the reader's mind even more
+firmly, suppose that it were desired to fix the date of the battle of
+Hastings (A. D. 1066) in the memory; 1066 may be represented by the
+words "the wise judge" (th--1, s--0, j--6, dg--6; the others are
+non-significants); a chain might be made thus:
+
+Battle of Hastings--arbitrament of war.
+
+Arbitrament of war--arbitration.
+
+Arbitration--judgment.
+
+Judgment--the wise judge.
+
+Make mental pictures, connect ideas, repeat words and sounds, go about
+it any way you please, so that you will form a mental habit of
+connecting the "battle of Hastings" with the idea of "arbitrament of
+war," and so on for the other links in the chain, and the work is done.
+
+Loisette makes the beginning of his system unnecessarily difficult, to
+say nothing of his illogical arrangement in the grammar of the art of
+memory, which he makes the first of his lessons. He analyzes suggestion
+into--
+
+1. Inclusion.
+
+2. Exclusion.
+
+3. Concurrence.
+
+All of which looks very scientific and orderly, but is really misleading
+and badly named. The truth is that one idea will suggest another:
+
+1. By likeness or opposition of meaning, as "house" suggests "room" or
+"door," etc.; or, "white" suggests "black"; "cruel," "kind," etc.
+
+2. By likeness of sound, as "harrow" and "barrow"; "Henry" and
+"Hennepin."
+
+3. By mental juxtaposition, a peculiarity different in each person, and
+depending upon each one's own experiences. Thus, "St. Charles" suggests
+"railway bridge" to me, because I was vividly impressed by the breaking
+of the Wabash bridge at that point. "Stable" and "broken leg" come near
+each other in my experience, as do "cow" and "shot-gun" and "licking."
+
+Out of these three sorts of suggestion it is possible to get from anyone
+fact to another in a chain certain and safe, along which the mind may be
+depended upon afterwards always to follow.
+
+The chain is, of course, by no means all. Its making and its binding
+must be accompanied by a vivid, methodically directed attention, which
+turns all the mental light gettable in a focus upon the subject passing
+across the mind's screen. Before Loisette was thought of this was known.
+In the old times in England, in order to impress upon the mind of the
+rising generation the parish boundaries in the rural districts, the boys
+were taken to each of the landmarks in succession, the position and
+bearing of each pointed out carefully, and, in order to deepen the
+impression, the young people were then and there vigorously thrashed--a
+mechanical method of attracting the attention which was said never to
+have failed. This system has had its supporters in many of the
+old-fashioned schools, and there are men who will read these lines who
+can recall, with an itching sense of vivid impression, the 144 lickings
+which were said to go with the multiplication table.
+
+In default of a thrashing, however, the student must cultivate as best
+he can an intense fixity of perception upon every fact or word or date
+that he wishes to make permanently his own. It is easy. It is a matter
+of habit. If you will, you can photograph an idea upon your cerebral
+gelatine so that neither years nor events will blot it out or overlay
+it. You must be clearly and distinctly aware of the thing you are
+putting into your mental treasure-house, and drastically certain of the
+cord by which you have tied it to some other thing of which you are
+sure. Unless it is worth your while to do this, you might as well
+abandon any hope of mnemonic improvement, which will not come without
+the hardest kind of hard work, although it is work that will grow
+constantly easier with practice and reiteration. You need, then:
+
+1. Methodic suggestion.
+
+2. Methodic attention.
+
+3. Methodic reiteration.
+
+And this is all there is to Loisette, and a great deal it is. Two of
+them will not do without the third. You do not know how many steps there
+are from your hall door to your bedroom, though you have attended to and
+often reiterated the journey. But if there are twenty of them, and you
+have once bound the word "nice," or "nose," or "news" or "hyenas," to
+the fact of the stairway, you can never forget it.
+
+The Professor makes a point, and very wisely, of the importance of
+working through some established chain, so that the whole may be carried
+away in the mind--not alone for the value of the facts so bound
+together, but for the mental discipline so afforded.
+
+Here, then, is the "President Series," which contains the name and date
+of inauguration of each President from Washington to Cleveland. The
+manner in which it is to be mastered is this: Beginning at the top, try
+to find in your mind some connection between each word and the one
+following it. See how you can at some future time make one suggest the
+next, either by suggestion of sound or sense, or by mental
+juxtaposition. When you have found this dwell on it attentively for a
+moment or two. Pass it backward and forward before you, and then go on
+to the next step.
+
+The chain runs thus, the names of the President being in capitals, the
+date words or date phrases being inclosed in parentheses:
+
+President  Chosen for the first word as the one most apt to occur to the
+           mind of anyone wishing to repeat the names of the Presidents.
+
+Dentist       President and dentist.
+
+Draw          What does a dentist do?
+
+(To give up)  When something is drawn from one it is given up.
+              This is a date phrase meaning 1789.
+
+WASHINGTON.   Associate the quality of self-sacrifice with
+              Washington's character.
+
+Morning wash   Washington and wash.
+
+Dew            Early wetness and dew.
+
+Flower beds    Dew and flowers.
+
+(Took a bouquet)  Flowers and bouquet. Date phrase (1797),
+
+Garden         Bouquet and garden.
+
+Eden           The first garden.
+
+Adam           Juxtaposition of thought.
+
+ADAMS          Suggestion by sound.
+
+Fall           Juxtaposition of thought.
+
+Failure        Fall and failure.
+
+(Deficit)      Upon failure there is usually a deficit
+               Date word (1801).
+
+Debt           The consequence of a deficit.
+
+Confederate bonds   Suggestion by meaning.
+
+Jefferson Davis    Juxtaposition of thought.
+
+JEFFERSON.
+
+Now follow out the rest for yourself, taking about ten at a time, and
+binding those you do last to those you have done before, each time,
+before attacking the next bunch.
+
+
+JEFFERSON
+Judge Jeffreys
+(bloody assize)
+bereavement
+(too heavy a sob)
+parental grief
+mad son
+MADISON
+Maderia
+frustrating
+first-rate wine
+(defeating)
+feet
+toe the line
+row
+MONROE
+row
+boat
+steamer
+side-splitting
+(divert)
+annoy
+harassing
+HARRISON
+Old Harry
+the tempter
+(the fraud)
+painted clay
+baked clay
+tiles
+TYLER
+Wat Tyler
+poll tax
+compulsory
+(free will)
+free offering
+burnt offering
+poker
+POLK
+end of dance
+termination "ly"
+(adverb)
+part of speech
+part of a man
+TAYLOR
+measurer
+theodoilte
+(Theophilus)
+fill us
+FILLMORE
+more fuel
+the flame
+flambeau
+bow
+arrow
+PIERCE
+hurt (feeling)
+wound
+soldier
+cannon
+BUCHANAN
+rebuke
+official censure
+(to officiate)
+wedding
+linked
+LINCOLN
+civil service
+ward politician
+(stop 'em)
+stop procession
+(tough boy)
+Little Ben
+Harry
+HARRISON
+Tippecanoe
+tariff too
+knapsack
+war-field
+(the funnel)
+windpipe
+throat
+quinzy
+QUINCY ADAMS
+quince
+fine fruit
+(the fine boy)
+sailor boy
+sailor
+jack tar
+JACKSON
+stone wall
+indomitable
+(tough make)
+oaken furniture
+bureau
+VAN BUREN
+rent
+link
+stroll
+seashore
+take
+give
+GRANT
+award
+school premium
+examination
+cramming
+(fagging)
+laborer
+hay field
+HAYES
+hazy
+clear
+(vivid)
+brightly lighted
+camp-fire
+war-field
+GARFIELD
+Guiteau
+murderer
+prisoner
+prison fare
+(half fed)
+well fed
+well read
+author
+ARTHUR
+round table
+tea cup
+(half full)
+divide
+cleave
+CLEVELAND
+City of Cleveland
+two
+twice
+(the heavy shell)
+mollusk
+unfamiliar word
+dictionary
+Johnson's
+JOHNSON
+son
+bad son
+(thievish bay)
+dishonest boy
+(back)
+Mac
+McKINLEY
+kill
+Czolgosz
+(zees)
+seize
+ruffian
+rough rider
+rouse
+ROOSEVELT
+size
+heavy
+fat
+TAFT
+
+It will be noted that some of the date words, as "free will," only give
+three figures of the date, 845; but it is to be supposed that if the
+student knows that many figures in the date of Polk's inauguration he
+can guess the other one.
+
+The curious thing about this system will now become apparent. If the
+reader has learned the series so that he can say it down from President
+to Taft, he can with no effort, and without any further preparation, say
+it backwards from Taft up to the commencement! There could be no better
+proof that this is the natural mnemonic system. It proves itself by its
+works.
+
+The series should be repeated backward and forward every day for a
+month, and should be supplemented by a series of the reader's own
+making, and by this one, which gives the numbers from 0 to 100, and
+which must be chained together before they can be learned:
+
+ 0--hoes
+ 1--wheat
+ 2--hen
+ 3--home
+ 4--hair
+ 5--oil
+ 6--shoe
+ 7--hook
+ 8--off
+ 9--bee
+10--daisy
+11--tooth
+12--dine
+13--time
+14--tower
+15--dell
+16--ditch
+17--duck
+18--dove
+21--hand
+19--tabby
+20--hyenas
+22--nun
+23--name
+24--owner
+25--nail
+26--hinge
+27--ink
+28--knife
+29--knob
+30--muse
+31--Mayday
+32--hymen
+33--mama
+34--mare
+35--mill
+36--image
+37--mug
+38--muff
+39--mob
+40--race
+41--hart
+42--horn
+43--army
+44--warrior
+45--royal
+46--arch
+47--rock
+48--wharf
+49--rope
+50--wheels
+51--lad
+52--lion
+53--lamb
+54--lair
+55--lily
+56--lodge
+57--lake
+58--leaf
+59--elbow
+60--chess
+61--cheat
+62--chain
+63--sham
+64--chair
+65--jail
+66--judge
+67--jockey
+68--shave
+69--ship
+70--eggs
+71--gate
+72--gun
+73--comb
+74--hawker
+75--coal
+76--cage
+77--cake
+78--coffee
+79--cube
+80--vase
+81--feet
+82--vein
+83--fame
+84--fire
+85--vial
+86--fish
+87--fig
+88--fife
+89--fib
+90--piles
+91--putty
+92--pane
+93--bomb
+94--bier
+95--bell
+96--peach
+98--beef
+97--book
+99--pope
+100--diocese
+
+[Transcriber's note: Items 21, 19, 20, 22 are shown as printed.]
+
+By the use of this table, which should be committed as thoroughly as the
+President series, so that it can be repeated backward and forward, any
+date, figure or number can be at once constructed, and bound by the
+usual chain to the fact which you wish it to accompany.
+
+When the student wishes to go farther and attack larger problems than
+the simple binding of two facts together, there is little in Loisette's
+system that is new, although there is much that is good. If it is a book
+that is to be learned as one would prepare for an examination, each
+chapter is to be considered separately. Of each an epitome is to be
+written in which the writer must exercise all of his ingenuity to reduce
+the matter in hand to its final skeleton of fact. This he is to commit
+to memory both by the use of the chain and the old system of
+interrogation. Suppose after much labor through a wide space of language
+one boils a chapter or an event down to the final irreducible sediment:
+"Magna Charta was exacted by the barons from King John at Runnymede."
+
+You must now turn this statement this way and that way; asking yourself
+about it every possible and impossible question, gravely considering the
+answers, and, if you find any part of it especially difficult to
+remember, chaining it to the question which will bring it out. Thus,
+"What was exacted by the barons from King John at Runnymede?" "Magna
+Charta." "By whom was Magna Charta exacted from King John at Runnymede?"
+"By the barons." "From whom was," etc., etc.? "King John." "From what
+king," etc., etc.? "King John." "Where was Magna Charta," etc., etc.?
+"At Runnymede."
+
+And so on and so on, as long as your ingenuity can suggest questions to
+ask, or points of view from which to consider the statement. Your mind
+will be finally saturated with the information, and prepared to spill it
+out at the first squeeze of the examiner. This, however, is not new. It
+was taught in the schools hundreds of years before Loisette was born.
+Old newspaper men will recall in connection with it Horace Greeley's
+statement that the test of a news item was the clear and satisfactory
+manner in which a report answered the interrogatories, "What?" "When?"
+"Where?" "Who?" "Why?"
+
+In the same way Loisette advises the learning of poetry, e. g.:
+
+"The Assyrian came down like the wolf on the fold."
+
+"Who came down?"
+
+"How did the Assyian come down?"
+
+"Like what animal did?" etc.
+
+And so on and so on, until the verses are exhausted of every scrap of
+information to be had out of them by the most assiduous
+cross-examination.
+
+Whatever the reader may think of the availability or value of this part
+of the system, there are so many easily applicable tests of the worth of
+much that Loisette has done, that it may be taken with the rest.
+
+
+Few people, to give an easy example, can remember the value of the ratio
+between the circumference and the diameter of the circle beyond four
+places of decimals, or at most six--3.141592. Here is the value to 108
+decimal places:
+
+3.14159265.3589793238.4626433832.7950288419.7169399375.1058209749.-
+4459230781.6406286208.9986280348.2534211706.7982148086 plus.
+
+By a very simple application of the numerical letter values these 108
+decimal places can be carried in the mind and recalled about as fast as
+you can write them down. All that is to be done is to memorize these
+nonsense lines:
+
+Mother Day will buy any shawl.
+My love pick up my new muff.
+A Russian jeer may move a woman.
+Cables enough for Utopia.
+Get a cheap ham pie by my cooley.
+The slave knows a bigger ape.
+I rarely hop on my sick foot.
+Cheer a sage in a fashion safe.
+A baby fish now views my wharf.
+Annually Mary Ann did kiss a jay,
+A cabby found a rough savage.
+
+Now translate each significant into its proper value and you have the
+task accomplished. "Mother Day," m--3, th--l, r--4, d--l, and so on.
+Learn the lines one at a time by the method of interrogatories. "Who
+will buy any shawl?" "Which Mrs. Day will buy a shawl?" "Is Mother Day
+particular about the sort of shawl she will buy?" "Has she bought a
+shawl?" etc., etc. Then cement the end of each line to the beginning of
+the next one, thus, "Shawl"--"warm garment"--"warmth"--"love"--"my
+love," and go on as before. Stupid as the work may seem to you, you can
+memorize the figures in fifteen minutes this way so that you will not
+forget them in fifteen years. Similarly you can take Haydn's Dictionary
+of Dates and turn fact after fact into nonsense lines like these which
+you cannot lose.
+
+And this ought to be enough to show anybody the whole art. If you look
+back across the sands of time and find out that it is that ridiculous
+old "Thirty days hath September" which comes to you when you are trying
+to think of the length of October--if you can quote your old prosody,
+
+  "O datur ambiguis," etc.,
+
+with much more certainty than you can serve up your Horace; if, in fine,
+jingles and alliterations, wise and otherwise, have stayed with you,
+while solid and serviceable information has faded away, you may be
+certain that here is the key to the enigma of memory.
+
+You can apply it yourself in a hundred ways. If you wish to clinch in
+your mind the fact that Mr. Love lives at 485 Dearborn Street, what is
+more easy than to turn 485 into the word "rifle" and chain the ideas
+together, say thus: "Love--happiness--good time--
+picnic--forest--wood--rangers--range--rifle range--rifle fine
+weapon--costly weapon--dearly bought--Dearborn."
+
+Or if you wish to remember Mr. Bowman's name and you notice he has a
+mole on his face which is apt to attract your attention when you next
+see him, cement the ideas thus:
+
+"Mole, mark, target, archer, Bowman."
+
+
+
+MEMORY RHYMES.
+
+
+The Months.
+
+  Thirty days hath September,
+  April, June and November;
+  All the rest have thirty-one,
+  But February, which has twenty-eight alone.
+  Except in leap-year; then's the time
+  When February's days are twenty-nine.
+
+
+Birthdays.
+
+  Monday for health,
+  Tuesday for wealth,
+  Wednesday best of all,
+  Thursday for crosses,
+  Friday for losses,
+  Saturday no luck at all.
+
+
+The lines refer to the days of the week as birthdays. They are, in idea,
+the same as the more familiar lines:
+
+  Monday's child is fair of face,
+  Tuesday's child is full of grace;
+  Wednesday's child is merry and glad,
+  Thursday's child is sorry and sad;
+  Friday's child is loving and giving;
+  Saturday's child must work for its living;
+  While the child that is born on the Sabbath day
+  Is blithe and bonny and good and gay.
+
+
+Short Grammar.
+
+  Three little words you often see
+  Are Articles, a, an, and the.
+  A Noun's the name of any thing,
+  As school, or garden, hoop, or swing.
+  Adjectives tell the kind of noun,
+  As great, small, pretty, white, or brown.
+  Instead of Nouns the Pronouns stand--
+  His head, her face, your arm, my hand.
+  Verbs tell something to be done--
+  To read, count, laugh, sing, jump or run.
+  How things are done the Adverbs tell--
+  As slowly, quickly, ill or well.
+  Conjunctions join the words together--
+  As men and women, wind or weather.
+  The Preposition stands before
+  The noun, as in or through the door.
+  The Interjection shows surprise--
+  As Oh! how pretty, Ah! how wise.
+  The whole are called nine parts of speech,
+  Which reading, writing, speaking teach.
+
+
+To Tell the Age of Horses.
+
+  To tell the age of any horse,
+  Inspect the lower jaw, of course;
+  The six front teeth the tale will tell,
+  And every doubt and fear dispel.
+
+  Two middle "nippers" you behold
+  Before the colt is two weeks old,
+  Before eight weeks will two more come;
+  Eight months the "corners" cut the gum.
+  The outside grooves will disappear
+  From middle two in just one year.
+  In two years, from the second pair;
+  In three, the corners, too, are bare.
+
+  At two the middle "nippers" drop;
+  At three, the second pair can't stop.
+  When four years old the third pair goes;
+  At five a full new set he shows.
+  The deep black spots will pass from view
+  At six years from the middle two.
+  The second pair at seven years;
+  At eight the spot each "corner" clears.
+  From middle "nippers" upper jaw,
+  At nine the black spots will withdraw.
+  The second pair at ten are white;
+  Eleven finds the "corners" light.
+  As time goes on, the horsemen know,
+  The oval teeth three-sided grow;
+  They longer get, project before,
+  Till twenty, when we know no more.
+
+
+Bees.
+
+  A swarm of bees in May
+  Is worth a load of hay;
+  A swarm of bees in June
+  Is worth a silver spoon;
+  A swarm of bees in July
+  Is not worth a fly.
+
+
+The Cuckoo.
+
+  May--sings all the day;
+  June--changes his tune;
+  July--prepares to fly;
+  August--go he must.
+
+
+Rules for Riding.
+
+  Keep up your head and your heart,
+  Your hands and your heels keep down,
+  Press your knees close to your horse's side,
+  And your elbows close to your own.
+
+
+
+HAPPINESS DEFINED.
+
+Wanting nothing and knowing it.
+
+The mental sunshine of content.
+
+A "will-o'-the-wisp" which eludes us even when we grasp it.
+
+Excelsior! The ever-retreating summit on the hill of our ambition.
+
+The prize at the top of a greasy pole which is continually slipping from
+one's grasp.
+
+The only thing a man continues to search for after he has found it.
+
+The bull's-eye on the target at which all the human race are shooting.
+
+The goal erected for the human race, which few reach, being too heavily
+handicapped.
+
+A wayside flower growing only by the path of duty.
+
+A bright and beautiful butterfly, which many chase but few can take.
+
+The interest we receive from capital invested in good works.
+
+The birthright of contentment.
+
+A treasure which we search for far and wide, though oft-times it is
+lying at our feet.
+
+The summer weather of the mind.
+
+
+
+APPALLING DEPTHS OF SPACE.
+Distances that Stun the Mind and Baffle Comprehension.
+
+"The stars," though appearing small to us because of their immense
+distance, are in reality great and shining suns. If we were to escape
+from the earth into space, the moon, Jupiter, Saturn, and eventually the
+sun would become invisible. Mizar, the middle star in the tail of the
+Great Bear, is forty times as heavy as the sun. To the naked eye there
+are five or six thousand of these heavenly bodies visible.
+
+Cygni is the nearest star to us in this part of the sky. Alpha Centauri,
+in the constellation of Centaur, in the Southern Hemisphere, is the
+nearest of all the stars. The sun is off 93,000,000 miles; multiply this
+by 200,000, and the result is, roughly speaking, 20,000,000,000,000; and
+this is the distance we are from Alpha Centauri. At the speed of an
+electric current, 180,000 miles per second, a message to be sent from a
+point on the earth's surface would go seven times around the earth in
+one second. Let it be supposed that messages were sent off to the
+different heavenly bodies. To reach the moon at this rate it would take
+about one second. In eight minutes a message would get to the sun, and
+allowing for a couple of minutes' delay, one could send a message to the
+sun and get an answer all within twenty minutes. But to reach Alpha
+Centauri it would take three years; and as this is the nearest of the
+stars, what time must it take to get to the others? If, when Wellington
+won the battle of Waterloo, in 1815, the news had been telegraphed off
+immediately, there are some stars so remote that it would not yet have
+reached them. To go a step further, if in 1066 the result of the Norman
+Conquest had been wired to some of these stars, the message would still
+be on its way.
+
+
+
+SENATOR VEST'S EULOGY ON THE DOG.
+
+"Gentlemen of the Jury: The best friend a man has in this world may turn
+against him and become his enemy. His son and daughter that he has
+reared with loving care may become ungrateful. Those who are nearest and
+dearest to us, those whom we trust with our happiness and our good name,
+may become traitors to their faith. The money that a man has he may
+lose. It flies away from him when he may need it most. Man's reputation
+may be sacrificed in a moment of ill-considered action. The people who
+are prone to fall on their knees and do us honor when success is with us
+may be the first to throw the stone of malice when failure settles its
+cloud upon our head. The one absolutely unselfish friend a man may have
+in this selfish world, the one that never deserts him, the one that
+never proves ungrateful or treacherous, is the dog.
+
+"Gentlemen of the jury, A man's dog stands by him in prosperity and
+poverty, in health and in sickness. He will sleep on the cold ground,
+when the wintry winds blow and the snow drives fiercely, if only he may
+be near his master's side. He will kiss the hand that has no food to
+offer, he will lick the wounds and sores that come in encounter with the
+roughness of the world. He guards the sleep of his pauper master as if
+he were a prince.
+
+"When all other friends desert, he remains, when riches take wings and
+reputation falls to pieces he is as constant in his love as the sun in
+its journey through the heavens. If fortune drives the master forth an
+outcast into the world, friendless and homeless, the faithful dog asks
+no higher privilege than that of accompanying him, to guard him against
+danger, to fight against his enemies, and when the last scene of all
+comes and death takes his master in its embrace and his body is laid
+away in the cold ground, no matter if all other friends pursue their
+way, there by his graveside will the noble dog be found, his head
+between his paws and his eyes sad, but open in alert watchfulness,
+faithful and true even to death."
+
+
+
+HEALTH AND BEAUTY
+
+WOULD YOU BE BEAUTIFUL?
+
+In womanly beauty the excellences expected and looked for are faultless
+symmetry of form and feature and a complexion varying in hue as the mind
+is affected by internal emotion, but with an expression of purity,
+gentleness, sensibility, refinement and intelligence.
+
+Moore, the poet, has given expression to his ideal of beauty in the
+following lines:
+
+  "This was not the beauty--Oh, nothing like this,
+  That to young Nourmahal gave such magic bliss;
+  But that loveliness, ever in motion, which plays
+  Like the light upon autumn's shadowy days.
+
+  "Now here and now there, giving warmth as it flies
+  From the lips to the cheek, from the cheek to the eyes;
+  Now melting in mist, and now breaking in gleams
+  Like the glimpses a saint has of heavenly dreams."
+
+Wordsworth expressed himself in the following lines:
+
+  "He was among the prime in worth,
+  An object beauteous to behold;
+  Well born, well bred; I sent him forth
+  Ingenuous, innocent, and bold."
+
+Perhaps you ask how you can attain beauty if you do not possess it; or,
+if you have some of its qualities, how you may get those you are
+lacking. If you will practice the following rules you will grow more and
+more beautiful in the eyes of others, even if age does bring gray hair
+and a wrinkled skin:
+
+First.--Cleanliness is next to godliness. Practice it in every feature
+of your daily life.
+
+Second.--Have some purpose to achieve and steadfastly work to attain it.
+
+Third--Cultivate self-discipline; be master of your passions, under all
+circumstances.
+
+Fourth.--Study to know the laws of life that yield harmony and good
+health and obey them. Look on the bright side of life always.
+
+Fifth.--Avoid intemperance in all things.
+
+Sixth.--Cultivate every mental and bodily quality that will make you
+firm in goodness, strong and physically able to be useful to your kind,
+generous and broad-minded, self-sacrificing, and you will daily and
+hourly be lovely and grow into the beautiful.
+
+
+
+CARE OF THE SCALP AND HAIR.
+
+Beautiful hair, beautiful skin and a beautiful form are the three graces
+which are the birthright of every woman, but which, through lack of good
+judgment and common sense, or through thoughtlessness on the part of
+mothers of growing children, comparatively few possess.
+
+Beautiful hair is one of nature's greatest gifts, and yet we never seem
+to appreciate it until there is danger of losing it, or until it becomes
+faded and lusterless because we have not used the right means for
+preserving it.
+
+The beauty and continuance of the hair depend upon its proper
+nourishment, gained by the circulation of blood through the scalp, and
+this must be maintained to keep the hair in good condition.
+
+The structure of the hair is very beautiful, and each hair is contained
+in a delicate sheath which fits into a slight depression in the skin
+called the follicle, and around the base of the hair nature has provided
+glands to secrete oily matter, the purpose of which is to keep the hair
+glossy.
+
+In early maturity the hair reaches the state of greatest beauty, and at
+this time the greatest care should be given it, feeding and nourishing
+it as we would a plant--giving it plenty of air and sunlight, carefully
+shampooing at least once in ten days. Massage the scalp to keep it loose
+and flexible. Use electricity, a good tonic, and occasionally singe the
+split ends.
+
+If this process is commenced at the right time, the result will be fewer
+cases of baldness in men and thin, poor hair in women.
+
+The hair should also be worn loosely, forming a soft frame for the face,
+which is always more becoming than tightly drawn hair. Many women drag
+their hair out by the roots by tying back too firmly.
+
+
+
+CARE OF THE SKIN.
+
+A beautiful skin is smooth, soft and clear; the color varies in
+different individuals. In perfect health it is moist and with the
+delicate shading of a flower--climate, hair and eyes, of course,
+determining the color, and the continued beauty of it depending upon
+pure blood, fresh air and sunlight, also perfect cleanliness and care.
+
+The pores should always be kept free from obstruction and extremes of
+heat and cold avoided as much as possible. In health, the care of the
+skin is a simple matter, massage being a great factor, assisted always
+by the use of pure creams. A good cleansing cream is a great necessity,
+as it enters the pores and frees them from dirt, leaving the skin soft
+and pliable, in which condition it is ready to absorb the skin food when
+the finger massage is given, making it possible for the gentle electric
+current to force the ointment into the deeper layers of the skin, thus
+effecting the removal of moth patches, tan, freckles and other
+discolorations and imperfections. The vibratory massage should follow,
+the purpose of which is to stimulate the tissues, throwing off worn-out
+particles and increasing the circulation of the blood by giving proper
+exercise to the facial muscles, thereby restoring and preserving the
+color and contour, making the skin beautiful, clear, eradicating and
+preventing wrinkles.
+
+The use of a pure face powder is absolutely necessary. Best results are
+obtained by using a blended powder, as the skin tint is thus assured.
+
+
+
+TO DEVELOP THE BUST.
+
+A beautiful bust is the desire and admiration of every woman. If nature
+has not been kind in this respect, any woman can develop a beautiful
+bust by exercise, bathing and gentle massage with a good bust ointment
+or skin food.
+
+Electric massage is very beneficial, and if properly given, brings quick
+and sure results.
+
+Swimming and deep breathing are great aids.
+
+
+
+CARE OF THE HANDS.
+
+A study of the hand is very interesting, and if mothers understood more
+of its beautiful construction many of the little accidents which result
+in deformed finger nails could be avoided. Mothers should attend most
+carefully to the early cultivation of their children's finger nails, as
+the habit of biting them is so easily formed and is sure to permanently
+destroy their beauty.
+
+A perfect hand is rounded and plump, soft, white and dimpled, with
+tapering finger tips and filbert-shaped nails, snowing the little
+half-moon.
+
+It is possible for any woman to have such a hand if she is willing to
+take time once a week to have the nails treated and to give them a
+little personal attention each day. Great care should be taken in
+washing the hands. A mild soap should be used, and particular attention
+paid to the thorough drying of them, after which a good cuticle cream
+should be applied and well rubbed in. The same cream may be used to
+loosen the cuticle at the base of the nail, when it can be gently pushed
+back, thus keeping the half-moon exposed. An orange-wood stick should
+always be used to clean the nails.
+
+Massaging the hands at least once a month aids wonderfully in making
+them symmetrical and keeping the joints flexible and the skin free from
+dark spots and wrinkles.
+
+
+
+INFANT FEEDING AND MANAGEMENT.
+
+It is of prime importance in feeding an infant to do this at regular
+intervals, since during the first three months of its life the feeding
+habits of the child should be established, and if care be used in this
+regard the child will wake of its own accord at the proper time. The
+last meal at night should be at 11 p. m., and if the child is healthy
+and will sleep it need not be fed until 3 to 5 a. m. the following
+morning. In both breast and artificial feeding the above applies, and
+the same method should be employed; namely, the child should be held in
+the arms during the meal, which should last from ten to fifteen minutes.
+
+
+Both in breast and artificial feeding it is possible to overfeed the
+child. Many infants are systematically overfed. The young mother should
+understand how small an infant's stomach is. At birth it will hold a
+little more than an ounce of fluid, or two tablespoonfuls, and at the
+end of two months only three ounces. If, therefore, the mother persists
+in trying to give the child four ounces of food, the child will suffer
+from an excess. Many children during the first few mouths of life bring
+up their food, and the mother fears that there is some inherited
+tendency to weak digestion. It is wrong to feed a child simply because
+it cries, as very frequently it is not a cry of hunger, but one caused
+by indigestion from overfeeding.
+
+If the child is being fed with the bottle it is important that the food
+be given at a temperature of 100 deg. F., or as nearly that as possible;
+never over; and if the child be fed out of doors in its carriage it is
+well to have a flannel bag of some kind to slip over the bottle to keep
+it at the same temperature until the meal is finished. Many cases of
+colic are caused by inattention to this point.
+
+It is a common mistake that when a child cries it needs additional food.
+There are many cases where a little drink of water is the prime need of
+the child, and great care should be taken that this is heated to the
+proper temperature, and especially that no water be given to the child
+except that which has been boiled. A few teaspoonfuls should be given to
+the child, therefore, several times a day, but aside from that he should
+have nothing but his regular food until he is at least a year old. For
+the same reason, therefore, if a child be fed by the bottle, the water
+used in preparing the food should have been previously boiled, and care
+should be exercised not to expose the food to the air during or after
+its preparation. It should be remembered that the food of a child must
+be nutritious, and that in this food, especially when at the proper
+temperature for the infant, bacteria from the air will flourish
+wonderfully fast, and therefore the food should not be exposed to
+possible contamination.
+
+It is of very great importance that the feeding-bottles be always clean
+and sweet. It is an advantage to have several bottles on hand, and also
+two or three brushes for cleaning. Keep a special vessel, with water in
+which there is a little bicarbonate of soda, so that the moment the
+bottle is used it may be thoroughly washed and kept in the water. Do not
+use a nipple with a rubber tube, but the short, black rubber nipples,
+which fit over the mouth of the bottle. Do not enlarge the hole in the
+nipple, so as to make it too easy for the baby to draw its food,
+otherwise the food being taken so rapidly into the stomach will often
+cause pain or vomiting. In washing the nipples turn them inside out and
+see that they are as thoroughly cleaned as possible, and keep them for
+use in a bottle filled with boiled water with a pinch of boric acid
+added.
+
+
+The First Nursing.
+
+It is very important that the child should be put to the breast
+immediately after it is washed. This is very necessary, both for the
+mother and the child, and prevents subsequent troubles. The fluid
+contained in the breast is at this stage called colostrum, and is
+intended by Nature to act upon the child as a laxative. This first
+nursing stimulates the secretion of the milk and causes uterine
+contraction, which is very much needed at this time. It is well to wash
+the infant's mouth out with sterilized water every time it feeds. For
+this purpose use clean water which has been boiled and allowed to cool,
+or a solution of boric acid in boiled water--5 grains to the ounce of
+water.
+
+Infants, as a rule, should be bathed once a day, but never immediately
+after being nursed or fed. In very warm weather a child may be sponged
+in the evening as well as in the morning. The water for the bath of a
+young baby should be warm, and the temperature can be judged by testing
+it with the elbow, which is more sensitive than the hand. Lay a small
+blanket on the lap, cover the child with a flannel and sponge it under
+the clothes. This prevents it from taking cold from exposure, The room
+should not be cooler than 68 deg. F., and the door must be kept closed
+to avoid drafts. Use only pure white soap, and a soft cloth is better
+than a sponge. The body should be carefully dried and lightly powdered
+to absorb any moisture that may remain.
+
+
+
+THE NAMES OF THE MONTHS.
+
+THE DERIVATIONS OF THE NAMES OF THE MONTHS.
+
+January.--The Roman god Janus presided over the beginning of everything;
+hence the first month of the year was called after him.
+
+February.--The Roman festival Februs was held on the 15th day of this
+month, in honor of Lupercus, the god of fertility.
+
+March--Named from the Roman god of war, Mars.
+
+April.--Latin, Aprilis, probably derived from aperire, to open; because
+spring generally begins, and the buds open in this month.
+
+May.--Lat. Maius, probably derived from Maia, a feminine divinity
+worshiped at Rome on the first day of this month.
+
+June.--Juno, a Roman divinity worshiped as the Queen of Heaven.
+
+July (Julius)--Julius Caesar was born in this month.
+
+August.--Named by the Emperor Augustus Caesar, B. C. 30, after himself,
+as he regarded it as a fortunate month, being that in which he had
+gained several victories.
+
+September (septem, or 7).--September was the seventh month in the old
+Roman calendar.
+
+October (octo, or 8).--Eighth month of the old Roman year.
+
+November (novem, or 9).-November was the ninth month in the old Roman
+year.
+
+December (decem, or 10).--December was the tenth month of the early
+Roman year. About the 21st of this month the sun enters the Tropic of
+Capricorn, and forms the winter solstice.
+
+
+
+DAYS OF THE WEEK.
+
+Sunday, (Saxon) Sunnandaed, day of the sun,
+
+Monday, (German) Montag, day or the moon.
+
+Tuesday, (Anglo-Saxon) Tiwesdaeg, from Tiw, the god of war.
+
+Wednesday, (Anglo-Saxon) Wodnesdaeg, from Odin, the god of storms.
+
+Thursday, (Danish) Thor, the god of thunder.
+
+Friday, (Saxon) Frigedaeg, day of Freya, goddess of marriage.
+
+Saturday, the day of Saturn, the god of time.
+
+The names of the seven days of the week originated with the Egyptian
+astronomers. They gave them the names of the sun, moon, and five
+planets, viz.: Mars, Mercury, Jupiter, Venus and Saturn.
+
+
+
+WHAT HOUSEKEEPERS SHOULD REMEMBER.
+
+That cold rain water and soap will remove machine grease from washable
+fabrics.
+
+That fish may be scaled much easier by first dipping them into boiling
+water for a minute.
+
+That fresh meat beginning to sour will sweeten if placed outdoors in the
+cool air over night.
+
+That milk which has changed may be sweetened or rendered fit for use
+again by stirring in a little soda.
+
+That a tablespoonful of turpentine boiled with your white clothes will
+greatly aid the whitening process.
+
+That kerosene will soften boots and shoes that have been hardened by
+water and will render them as pliable as new.
+
+That thoroughly wetting the hair once or twice with a solution of salt
+and water will keep it from falling out.
+
+That salt fish are quickest and best freshened by soaking in sour milk.
+
+That salt will curdle new milk; hence, in preparing porridge, gravies,
+etc., salt should not be added until the dish is prepared.
+
+That one teaspoonful of ammonia to a teacup of water, applied with a
+rag, will clean silver or gold jewelry perfectly.
+
+That paint stains that are dry and old may be removed from cotton and
+woolen goods with chloroform. It is a good plan to first cover the spot
+with olive oil or butter.
+
+That clear boiling water will remove tea stains. Pour the water through
+the stain and thus prevent it spreading over the fabric.
+
+That charcoal is recommended as an absorbent of gases in the milk-room
+where foul gases are present. It should be freshly powdered and kept
+there continually, especially in hot weather, when unwholesome odors are
+most liable to infect the milk.
+
+That applying kerosene with a rag, when you are about to put your stoves
+away for the summer, will prevent them from rusting. Treat your farming
+implements in the same way before you lay them aside for the fall.
+
+That a teaspoonful of borax, put in the last water in which clothes are
+rinsed, will whiten them surprisingly. Pound the borax so it will
+dissolve easily. This is especially good to remove the yellow that time
+gives to white garments that have been laid aside for two or three
+years.
+
+That a good agency for keeping the air of the cellar sweet and wholesome
+is whitewash made of good white lime and water only. The addition of
+glue or size, or anything of that kind, only furnishes organic matter to
+speedily putrefy. The use of lime in whitewash is not only to give a
+white color, but it greatly promotes the complete oxidation of effluvia
+in the cellar air. Any vapors that contain combined nitrogen in the
+unoxidized form contribute powerfully to the development of disease
+germs.
+
+
+
+CHARACTER AS SEEN IN FACES.
+
+Thick lips indicate genius and conservatism. Large dilating nostrils are
+a sign of poetic temperament and a sensitive nature. A long forehead
+denotes liberality. Arched eyebrows, good ancestry and amiability. A
+bold, projecting Roman nose indicates enterprise. Delicate nose, good
+nature. A large nose, strength of will and character. An eye that looks
+one cheerfully and frankly in the face shows honesty and faithfulness.
+Lips slightly curved upward at the ends indicate a fine sense of humor.
+Soft round cheeks denote gentleness and affection; dimples in the
+cheeks, roguery; in the chin, one who falls easily in love. A broad chin
+denotes firmness. Straight lips, firmly closed, resolution. Large ears
+denote generosity.
+
+
+
+BELL TIME ON SHIPBOARD.
+
+Time on shipboard is divided into periods of four hours--from midnight
+to midnight--and the lapse of every half hour is marked by one or more
+strokes of the bell--from one stroke for the end of the first half hour
+to eight strokes or, in nautical language, eight bells, for the end of
+the fourth hour. Thus 12:30 a. m. is 1 bell; 1:00 a. m., 2 bells; 1:30
+a. m., 3 bells; 2:00 a. m., 4 bells; 2:30 a. m., 5 bells; 3:00 a. m., 6
+bells; 3:30 a. m., 7 bells; 4:00 a. m., 8 bells. Then 4:30 a. m. is
+indicated by 1 bell; 5:00 a. m., 2 bells, etc.; 8 bells being sounded at
+8:00 a. m., 12:00 m., 4:00 p. m., 8:00 p. m. and 12:00 p. m.
+
+Four to 8:00 p. m. is divided into two "dog watches" called "first dog
+watch" and "last dog watch," so as to change the watches daily;
+otherwise starboard or port watch would be on deck the same hours day
+after day.
+
+
+
+QUEER ANALOGIES IN NATURE.
+
+The cocoanut is, in many respects, like the human skull, although it
+closely resembles the skull of the monkey. A sponge may be so held as to
+remind one of the unfleshed face of the skeleton, and the meat of an
+English walnut is almost the exact representation of the brain. Plums
+and black cherries resemble the human eyes; almonds, and some other
+nuts, resemble the different varieties of the human nose, and an opened
+oyster and its shell are a perfect image of the human ear. The shape of
+almost any man's body may be found in the various kinds of mammoth
+pumpkins. The open hand may be discerned in the form assumed by
+scrub-willows and growing celery. The German turnip and the eggplant
+resemble the human heart. There are other striking resemblances between
+human organs and certain vegetable forms, The forms of many mechanical
+contrivances in common use may be traced back to the patterns furnished
+by nature. Thus, the hog suggested the plow; the butterfly, the ordinary
+hinge; the toadstool, the umbrella; the duck, the ship; the fungous
+growth on trees, the bracket. Anyone desirous of proving the oneness of
+the earthly system will find the resemblances in nature a most amusing
+study.--Scientific American.
+
+
+
+MODERN FABLES.
+
+Luxury.
+
+Of two cats, one, thinking to be very fine, hunted only humming birds,
+and the other hunted only mice. The first had to hunt much longer than
+the other, because humming birds were scarce, so that it spent nearly
+all its life in getting food, while the other had little trouble to get
+all it wanted. "How unfortunate it is," said the first cat, "that I have
+formed my liking for what is so hard to get and is so little when I have
+it."
+
+
+Fastidiousness.
+
+A fastidious ox would not drink while standing in the water with his
+head turned down stream lest he should soil the water with his feet. But
+once when drinking with his head turned up stream he saw a whole drove
+of hogs washing in the water above him.
+
+
+Attracting Attention.
+
+A flea, which saw many people trying to get the attention of a king and
+waiting long for that purpose, said: "Though I am but a little thing, I
+will get his attention." So he jumped up the throne until he got on the
+king's head. Here he received recognition from the king by a slap, and
+when he boasted to a dog of his success, the latter said: "Some get
+attention by their merit, others by their demerit. In making yourself a
+nuisance you get recognition before the lords of the realm, but only as
+a flea."
+
+
+Gambling.
+
+A monkey playing with a steel trap got his tail cut off. He went back
+the next day to get his tail, when he got his foot cut off. "Now," he
+said, "I will go back and get both my foot and my tail." He went back,
+and the third time he got his head cut off, which ended his monkeying
+with the trap.
+
+
+Mugwumpery.
+
+A mule on one side of a fence was discontented because he was not on the
+other side. He finally jumped over, when he was equally discontented
+because he was not back again. "Which side of the fence do you want to
+be on?" asked a horse. "It does not matter," replied the mule, "provided
+I am on the other side."
+
+
+The Non-Partisan.
+
+A dog, running about in an irregular way, was asked where he was going.
+"I am not going anywhere," replied the dog, "but only running about to
+learn where to go."
+
+
+Partisanship.
+
+The swans, wishing to drive the peacocks from a park, procured a law
+against big feet. The peacocks retaliated by getting a counter law
+against big necks. Soon one side could see nothing but ugly feet, and
+the other nothing but long necks. At last they came to think peacocks
+were all feet and swans all neck.
+
+
+
+NUMBER OF MILES BY WATER FROM NEW YORK.
+
+To Amsterdam, 3,510;
+Bermudas, 660;
+Bombay, 11,574;
+Boston, 310;
+Buenos Ayres, 7,110;
+Calcutta, 12,425;
+Canton, 13,900;
+Cape Horn, 8,115;
+Cape of Good Hope, 6,830;
+Charleston, 750;
+Columbia River, 15,965;
+Constantinople, 5,140;
+Dublin, 3,225;
+Gibraltar, 3,300;
+Halifax, 612;
+Hamburg, 3,775;
+Havana, 1,420;
+Havre, 3,210;
+Kingston, 1,640;
+Lima, 11,310;
+Liverpool, 3,210;
+London, 3,375;
+Madras, 11,850;
+Naples, 4,330;
+New Orleans, 2,045;
+Panama, 2,358;
+Pekin, 15,325;
+Philadelphia, 240;
+Quebec, 1,400;
+Rio Janeiro, 3,840;
+Sandwich Islands, 15,300;
+San Francisco, 15,858;
+St. Petersburg, 4,420;
+Valparaiso, 9,750;
+Washington, 400;
+around the Globe, 25,000.
+
+
+
+BUSINESS LAW IN BRIEF
+
+It is a fraud to conceal a fraud.
+
+Ignorance of the law excuses no one.
+
+A contract made on a Sunday is void.
+
+A contract made with a lunatic is void.
+
+The act of one partner binds all the others.
+
+An agreement without consideration is void.
+
+The law compels no one to do impossibilities.
+
+Agents are liable to their principals for errors.
+
+Principals are liable for the acts of their agents.
+
+A receipt for money paid is not legally conclusive.
+
+Signatures made with a lead pencil are good in law.
+
+The seal of a party to a written contract imports consideration.
+
+A contract made with a minor cannot be enforced against him. A note made
+by a minor is voidable.
+
+Each individual in a partnership is liable for the whole amount of the
+debts of the firm.
+
+A note which does not state on its face that it bears interest, will
+bear interest only after due.
+
+A lease of land for a longer term than one year is void unless in
+writing.
+
+An indorser of a note is exempt from liability if notice of its dishonor
+is not mailed or served within twenty-four hours of its non-payment.
+
+In case of the death of the principal maker of a note, the holder is not
+required to notify a surety that the note is not paid, before the
+settlement of the maker's estate. Notes obtained by fraud, or made by an
+intoxicated person, are not collectible.
+
+If no time of payment is specified in a note it is payable on demand.
+
+An indorser can avoid liability by writing "without recourse" beneath
+his signature.
+
+A check indorsed by the payee is evidence of payment in the drawer's
+hands.
+
+An outlawed debt is revived should the debtor make a partial payment.
+
+If negotiable paper, pledged to a bank as security for the payment of a
+loan or debt, falls due, and the bank fails to demand payment and have
+it protested when dishonored, the bank is liable to the owner for the
+full amount of the paper.
+
+Want of consideration--a common defense interposed to the payment of
+negotiable paper--is a good defense between the original parties to the
+paper; but after it has been transferred before maturity to an innocent
+holder for value it is not a defense.
+
+Sometimes the holder of paper has the right to demand payment before
+maturity; for instance, when a draft has been protested for
+non-acceptance and the proper notices served, the holder may at once
+proceed against the drawer and indorsers.
+
+Negotiable paper, payable to bearer or indorser in blank, which has been
+stolen or lost, cannot be collected by the thief or finder, but a holder
+who receives it in good faith before maturity, for value, can hold it
+against the owner's claims at the time it was lost.
+
+If a note or draft is to be paid in the State where it is made, the
+contract will be governed by the laws of that State. When negotiable
+paper is payable in a State other than that in which it is made, the
+laws of that State will govern it. Marriage contracts, if valid where
+they are made, are valid everywhere. Contracts relating to personal
+property are governed by the laws of the place where made, except those
+relating to real estate, which are governed by the laws of the place
+where the land is situated.
+
+
+
+THE RIGHT OF DOWER.
+
+Dower is one-third of the husband's estate, and in general cannot be
+destroyed by the mere act of the husband. Hence, in the sale of real
+estate by the husband, his wife must, with the husband, sign the
+conveyance to make the title complete to the purchaser. In the absence
+of such signature, the widow can claim full dower rights after the
+husband's death. Creditors, also, seize the property subject to such
+dower rights.
+
+The husband in his will sometimes gives his wife property in lieu of
+dowry. In this case, she may, after his death, elect to take either such
+property or her dower; but she cannot take both. While the husband lives
+the wife's right of dower in only inchoate; it cannot be enforced.
+Should he sell the land to a stranger, she has no right of action or
+remedy until his death.
+
+In all cases the law of the State in which the land is situated governs
+it, and, as in the case of heirship, full information must be sought for
+in statute which is applicable.
+
+
+
+MARRIAGE AND DIVORCE.
+
+Marriage may be entered into by any two persons, with the following
+exceptions: Idiots, lunatics, persons of unsound mind, persons related
+by blood or affinity within certain degrees prohibited by law, infants
+under the age of consent, which varies in the different States, and all
+persons already married and not legally divorced.
+
+The causes for which a divorce may be obtained vary greatly in the
+different States. In South Carolina only fraud and force are recognized
+as invalidating the marriage tie, this State having no divorce law. In
+the District of Columbia and all the other States with the exception of
+Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan and Virginia, cruelty is a statutory
+cause, and desertion in all but New York. In most of the States neglect
+is also recognized as a valid cause. Imprisonment for crime is a cause
+in all except Florida, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey and New York.
+Physical inability is a cause in all the States except California,
+Connecticut, Idaho, North Dakota and Texas. Intemperance, in all but
+Massachusetts, New Jersey, North Carolina, North Dakotah, Rhode Island,
+Vermont, Virginia and West Virginia. The time of residence required to
+secure a divorce varies from 6 months in Idaho, Nebraska, Nevada and
+Texas to 3 to 5 years in Massachusetts. In most States it is one year.
+Remarriage is permitted in all the States having divorce laws except
+Georgia, and alimony is also provided for in all these States.
+
+
+
+RIGHTS OF MARRIED WOMEN.
+
+Any and all property which a woman owns at her marriage, together with
+rents, issues and profits thereof, and the property which comes to her
+by descent, devise, bequest, gift or grant, or which she acquires by her
+trade, business, labor, or services performed on her separate account,
+shall, notwithstanding her marriage, remain her sole and separate
+property, and may be used, collected and invested by her in her own
+name, and shall not be subject to the interference or control of her
+husband, or be liable for his debts, unless for such debts as may have
+been contracted for the support of herself or children by her as his
+agent.
+
+A married woman may likewise bargain, sell, assign, transfer and convey
+such property, and enter into contracts regarding the same on her
+separate trade, labor or business with the like effect as if she were
+unmarried. Her husband, however, is not liable for such contracts, and
+they do not render him or his property in any way liable therefor. She
+may also sue and be sued in all matters having relation to her sale and
+separate property in the same manner as if she were sole.
+
+In the following cases a married woman's contract may be enforced
+against her and her separate estate: 1. When the contract is created in
+or respecting the carrying on of the trade or business of the wife. 2.
+When it relates to or is made for the sole benefit of her sole or
+separate estate. 3. When the intention to charge the separate estate is
+expressed in the contract creating the liability.
+
+When a husband receives a principal sum of money belonging to his wife,
+the law presumes he receives it for her use, and he must account for it,
+or expend it on her account by her authority or direction, or that she
+gave it to him as a gift. If he receives interest or income and spends
+it with her knowledge and without objection, a gift will be presumed
+from acquiescence.
+
+Money received by a husband from his wife and expended by him, under her
+direction, on his land, in improving the home of the family, is a gift,
+and cannot be recovered by the wife, or reclaimed, or an account
+demanded.
+
+An appropriation by a wife, herself, of her separate property to the use
+and benefit of her husband, in the absence of all agreement to repay, or
+any circumstances from which such an agreement can be inferred, will not
+create the relation of debtor and creditor, nor render the husband
+liable to account.
+
+Though no words of gift be spoken, a gift by a wife to her husband may
+be shown by the very nature of the transaction, or appear from the
+attending circumstances.
+
+A wife who causelessly deserts her husband is not entitled to the aid of
+a court of equity in getting possession of such chattels as she has
+contributed to the furnishing and adornment of her husband's house. Her
+legal title remains, and she could convey her interest to a third party
+by sale, and said party would have a good title, unless her husband
+should prove a gift.
+
+Wife's property is not liable to a lien of a sub-contractor for
+materials furnished to the husband for the erection of a building
+thereon, where it is not shown that the wife was notified of the
+intention to furnish the materials, or a settlement made with the
+contractor and given to the wife, her agent or trustee.
+
+The common law of the United States has some curious provisions
+regarding the rights of married women, though in all the States there
+are statutory provisions essentially modifying this law. As it now
+stands the husband is responsible for necessaries supplied to the wife
+even should he not fail to supply them himself, and is held liable if he
+turn her from his house, or otherwise separates himself from her without
+good cause. He is not held liable if the wife deserts him, or if he
+turns her away for good cause. If she leaves him through good cause,
+then he is liable. If a man lives with a woman as his wife, and so
+represents her, even though this representation is made to one who knows
+she is not, he is liable the same way as if she were his wife.
+
+
+
+THE LAW OF FINDING.
+
+The general rule is that the finder has a clear title against every one
+but the owner. The proprietor of a hotel or a shop has no right to
+demand property of others found on his premises. Such proprietors may
+make regulations in regard to lost property which will bind their
+employes, but they cannot bind the public. The finder has been held to
+stand in the place of the owner, so that he was permitted to prevail in
+all action against a person who found an article which the plaintiff had
+originally found, but subsequently lost. The police have no special
+rights in regard to articles lost, unless those rights are conferred by
+statute. Receivers of articles found are trustees for the owner or
+finder. They have no power in the absence of special statute to keep an
+article against the finder, any more than the finder has to retain an
+article against the owner.
+
+
+
+THE LAW OF COPYRIGHT.
+
+The new copyright law, which went into effect July 1, 1909, differs in
+many respects from the law previously in force. Its main provisions are
+given below, but those desiring to avail themselves of its protection
+should write to the Register of Copyrights, Library of Congress,
+Washington, D. C., for full instructions and the necessary blanks. etc.
+The new law provides that the application for registration of any work
+"shall specify to which of the following classes the work in which
+copyright is claimed belongs": (a) Books, including composite and
+cyclopedic works, directories, gazetteers, and other compilations; (b)
+periodicals, including newspapers; (c) lectures, sermons, addresses
+prepared for oral delivery: (d) dramatic or dramatico-musical
+compositions; (c) musical compositions; (f) maps; (g) works of art;
+models or designs for works of art; (h) reproductions of a work of art;
+(i) drawings or plastic works of a scientific or technical character:
+(j) photographs; (k) prints and pictorial illustrations.
+
+
+Necessary Steps to Secure Copyright.
+
+For works reproduced in copies for sale: 1. Publish the work with the
+copyright notice. The notice may be in the form "Copyright, 19 .....
+(year date of publication) by (name of copyright proprietor)." 2.
+Promptly after publication, send to the Copyright Office, Library of
+Congress, Washington, D. C., two copies of the best edition of the work,
+with an application for registration and a money order payable to the
+Register of Copyrights for the statutory registration fee of $l.
+
+In the case of books by American authors, or permanent residents of the
+United States, the copies deposited must be accompanied by an affidavit,
+under the official seal of an officer authorized to administer oaths,
+stating that the typesetting, printing and binding of the book have been
+performed within the United States. Affidavit and application forms will
+be supplied on request.
+
+Books of foreign origin in a language or languages other than English
+are not required to be manufactured in the United States. In the case of
+a book in the English language published abroad before publication in
+this country, an ad interim copyright for 30 days may be secured under
+certain conditions.
+
+Copyright may also be had of certain classes of works (see a, b, c,
+below) of which copies are not reproduced for sale, by filing an
+application for registration, with the statutory fee of $1, sending
+therewith: (a) in the case of lectures or other oral addresses or of
+dramatic or musical compositions, one complete manuscript or typewritten
+copy of the work. Registration, however, does not exempt the copyright
+proprietor from the deposit of printed copies. (b) In the case of
+photographs not intended for general circulation, one photographic
+print. (c) In the case of works of art (paintings, drawings, sculpture),
+or of drawings or plastic works of a scientific or technical character,
+one photograph or other identifying reproduction of the work. In all
+these cases, if the work is later reproduced in copies for sale, such
+copies must be deposited.
+
+
+Duration of Copyright.
+
+The original term of copyright runs for twenty-eight years, and may be
+renewed under certain conditions for a further term of twenty-eight
+years, making fifty-six years in all.
+
+
+Assignments.
+
+Copyrights are assignable by any instrument of writing.
+
+Every assignment of copyright must be recorded in the Copyright Office
+within three months after its execution in the United States or within
+six months after its execution without the limits of the United States.
+
+
+
+LEGAL HOLIDAYS IN VARIOUS STATES.
+
+Jan. 1, New Year's Day. All the States (including District of Columbia),
+except Mass., Miss. and N. H.
+
+Jan. 19, Lee's Birthday. In Ga., Fla., N. C, S. C., Va., Ala., Ark.
+
+Feb. 12, Lincoln's Birthday. In Col., Conn., Del., Ill., Kans., Mass.,
+Minn., Nev., N. J., N. Y., N. Dak., Penn., Wash. and Wyo.
+
+Feb. 22. Washington's Birthday. In all the States and District of
+Columbia; in Miss., observed in the schools.
+
+April 14, 1911, Good Friday. In Ala., Dela., Fla., La., Md., Minn.,
+N.J., Penn., Tenn.
+
+April 19, Patriots' Day. In Me. and Mass.
+
+April 26, Confederate Memorial Day. In Ala., Fla., Ga., and Miss.
+
+May, second Sunday, Mothers' Day, recognized in sixteen States.
+
+May 10, Confederate Memorial Day. In N. C and S. C.; in Tenn., second
+Friday of May.
+
+May, last Friday, Pioneer Day. In Mont.
+
+May 30, Decoration Day. In all States and Territories, and the District
+of Columbia. except Fla., Ga., Ida., La., Miss., N.C., S. C., Tenn.,
+Tex. In Va., called Confederate Memorial Day.
+
+June 3, Jefferson Davis' Birthday. In Fla. Ga., Ala., Miss., Tenn., Tex.
+and S. C.  In La., called Confederate Memorial Day.
+
+July 4, Independence Day. In all States, Territories and the District.
+
+Sept. 4, 1911, Labor Day. In all States, Territories and the District.
+except N. Dak.
+
+Oct. 12, Columbus Day. In N. Y., Penn., Ill., Conn., N. J., Mich.,
+Mont., Calif., O., Md., Ky., and R. I.
+
+Nov. 1, All Saints' Day. In La.
+
+November--General Election Day. In Ariz., Calif., Col., Del., Fla.,
+Ida., Ill. (Chicago, Springfield and East St. Louis only), Ind., Ia.,
+Kans., Ky., La., Md., Mich., Minn., Mo., Mont., Nev., N. H., N. J., N.
+Mex., N. Y., N. C., N. Dak., O. (5:30 a. m. to 9 a. m. only). Okla.,
+Ore. (Presidential only), Penn., R. I., S. C., S. Dak., Tenn., Tex., W.
+Va., Wash., Wis., Wyo.
+
+By act of March 3, 1875, elections of Representatives in Congress take
+place on the Tuesday next after the first Monday in Nov., 1876, and
+every second year thereafter.
+
+Nov. 30, 1911, Thanksgiving Day, observed in all the States, Ariz., N.
+Mex. and the Dist. of Col.
+
+December 25, Christmas Day. In all the States, Territories and the
+District.
+
+Arbor Day. In Ariz., Me., Md., N. Mex., Wis., Wyo., and Penn., by
+appointment of the Governor. Tex., Feb. 22; Neb., Apr. 22; Utah., Apr.
+15; R. I., second Friday in May; Mont., second Tuesday in May; Ga.,
+first Friday in December; Col. (in the schools), third Friday in Apr.;
+Okla., Friday after second Monday in March; Ark., first Saturday in
+March.
+
+
+Half Holidays.
+
+Every Saturday after 12 o'clock noon; in Calif., public offices; in
+Ill., cities of 200,000 or more inhabitants; in Md., Mich., N. Y., N.
+J., O., Penn., R. I., Va., Dist. of Col. (for banking); New Orleans,
+Charleston, La. and Mo., cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants; in Tenn.
+(State and county offices); in Col., for June, July, August; in Ind.,
+from first Saturday in June to last Saturday in October, for public
+offices in counties with a county seat of 100,000 or more population.
+
+
+
+PRINCIPAL POINTS OF CONSTITUTIONAL LAW.
+
+Congress must meet at least once a year.
+
+One State cannot undo the acts of another.
+
+Congress may admit as many new States as desired.
+
+The Constitution guarantees every citizen a speedy trial by jury.
+
+A State cannot exercise a power which is vested in Congress alone.
+
+One State must respect the laws and legal decisions of another.
+
+Congress cannot pass a law to punish a crime already committed.
+
+U. S. Senators are chosen by the legislatures of the States by joint
+ballot.
+
+Bills for revenue can originate only in the House of Representatives.
+
+A person committing a felony in one State cannot find refuge in another.
+
+The Constitution of the United States forbids excessive bail or cruel
+punishment.
+
+Treaties with foreign countries are made by the President and ratified
+by the Senate.
+
+In the U. S. Senate Rhode Island or Nevada has an equal voice with New
+York.
+
+When Congress passes a bankruptcy law it annuls all the State laws on
+that subject.
+
+Writing alone does not constitute treason against the United States.
+There must be an overt act.
+
+Congress cannot lay any disabilities on the children of a person
+convicted of crime or misdemeanor.
+
+The Territories each send a delegate to Congress, who has the right of
+debate, but not the right to vote.
+
+The Vice-President, who ex-officio presides over the Senate, has no vote
+in that body except on a tie ballot.
+
+An act of Congress cannot become a law over the President's veto except
+on a two-thirds vote of both houses.
+
+An officer of the Government cannot accept title of nobility, order or
+honor without the permission of Congress.
+
+Money lost in the mails cannot be recovered from the Government.
+Registering a letter does not insure its contents.
+
+It is the House of Representatives that may impeach the President for
+any crime, and the Senate hears the accusation.
+
+If the President holds a bill longer than ten days while Congress is
+still in session, it becomes a law without his signature.
+
+Silver coin of denominations less than $1 is not a legal tender for more
+than $5.00. Copper and nickel coin is not legal tender.
+
+The term of a Congressman is two years, but a Congressman may be
+re-elected to as many successive terms as his constituents may wish.
+
+Amendments to the Constitution requires two-thirds vote of each house of
+Congress and must be ratified by at least three-fourths of the States.
+
+When the militia is called out in the service of the General Government,
+they pass out of the control of the various States under the command of
+the President.
+
+The President of the United States must be 35 years of age: a United
+States Senator, 30; a Congressman, 25. The President must have been a
+resident of the United States fourteen years.
+
+A grand jury is a secret tribunal, and may hear only one side of a case.
+It simply decides whether there is good reason to hold for trial. It
+consists of twenty-four men, twelve of whom may indict.
+
+A naturalized citizen cannot become President or Vice-President of the
+United States. A male child born abroad of American parents has an equal
+chance to become President with one born on American soil.
+
+
+
+CHAMOIS SKINS.
+
+The animal from which the chamois skin derives its name inhabits the
+high mountains from the Pyrenees to the Caucasus. Chamois are most
+numerous in the Alps, where they dwell in small herds and feed on the
+herbage of the mountain sides. They are about the size of a small goat,
+dark chestnut-brown in color, with the exception of the forehead, the
+sides of the lower jaws and the muzzle, which are white. Its horns,
+rising above the eyes, are black, smooth and straight for two-thirds of
+their length, when they suddenly curve backward.
+
+The chamois hunter, provided with a gun, a bag of provisions, an
+iron-shod staff to assist him in climbing and leaping, an ax to cut
+steps in the ice and shoes studded with iron points, traverses the
+mountains and follows his prey not only during the day, but also at
+night.
+
+Nearly all the chamois skins now in the market are made from the skins
+of the lamb or sheep. This industry has been largely developed in
+England and France, and these countries have supplied the market of the
+United States almost exclusively until recent years, when the
+manufacture of these goods was commenced in the United States.
+
+
+
+WHAT'S IN A NAME?
+
+ORIGIN AND MEANING OF NAMES OF MEN.
+
+A
+Aaron, Hebrew, a mountain, or lofty.
+
+Abel, Hebrew, vanity.
+
+Abraham, Hebrew, the father of many.
+
+Absalom, Hebrew, the father of peace.
+
+Adam, Hebrew, red earth.
+
+Adolphus, Saxon, happiness and help.
+
+Adrian, Latin, one who helps.
+
+Alan, Celtic, harmony; or Slavonic, a hound.
+
+Albert, Saxon, all bright.
+
+Alexander, Greek, a helper of men.
+
+Alfred, Saxon, all peace.
+
+Alonzo, form of Alphonso, q. v.
+
+Alphonso. German, ready or willing.
+
+Ambrose, Greek, immortal.
+
+Amos, Hebrew, a burden.
+
+Andrew, Greek, courageous.
+
+Anthony, Latin, flourishing.
+
+Archibald, German, a bold observer.
+
+Arnold, German, a maintainer of honor.
+
+Arthur, British, a strong man.
+
+Augustus, Latin, venerable, grand.
+
+
+B
+
+Baldwin, German, a bold winner.
+
+Barnaby, Hebrew, a prophet's son.
+
+Bartholomew, Hebrew, the son of him who made the waters to rise.
+
+Beaumont, French, a pretty mount.
+
+Benjamin, Hebrew, the son of a right hand.
+
+Bennett, Latin, blessed.
+
+Bertram, German, fair, illustrious.
+
+Bertrand, German, bright, raven.
+
+Boniface, Latin, a well-doer.
+
+Brian, French, having a thundering voice.
+
+
+
+C
+
+Cadwallader, British, valiant in war.
+
+Caesar, Latin, adorned with hair.
+
+Caleb, Hebrew, a dog.
+
+Cecil, Latin, dim-sighted.
+
+Charles, German, noble-spirited.
+
+Christopher, Greek, bearing Christ.
+
+Clement, Latin, mild-tempered.
+
+Conrad, German, able counsel.
+
+Cornelius, Latin, meaning uncertain.
+
+Crispin, Latin, having curled locks.
+
+Cuthbert, Saxon, known famously.
+
+
+D
+
+Daniel, Hebrew, God is judge.
+
+David, Hebrew, well-beloved.
+
+Denis, Greek, belonging to the god of wine.
+
+Douglas, Gaelic, dark gray.
+
+Duncan, Saxon, brown chief.
+
+Dunstan, Saxon, most high.
+
+
+E
+
+Edgar, Saxon, happy honor.
+
+Edmund, Saxon, happy peace.
+
+Edward, Saxon, happy keeper.
+
+Edwin, Saxon, happy conqueror.
+
+Egbert, Saxon, ever bright.
+
+Elijah, Hebrew, God the Lord.
+
+Elisha, Hebrew, the salvation of God.
+
+Emmanuel, Hebrew, God with us.
+
+Enoch, Hebrew, dedicated.
+
+Ephraim, Hebrew, fruitful.
+
+Erasmus, Greek, lovely, worthy to be loved.
+
+Ernest, Greek, earnest, serious.
+
+Esau, Hebrew, hairy.
+
+Eugene, Greek, nobly descended.
+
+Eustace, Greek, standing firm.
+
+Evan, or Ivan, British, the same as John.
+
+Evard, German, well reported.
+
+Ezekiel, Hebrew, the strength of God.
+
+
+F
+
+Felix, Latin, happy.
+
+Ferdinand, German, pure peace.
+
+Fergus, Saxon, manly strength.
+
+Francis, German, free.
+
+Frederic, German, rich peace.
+`
+
+G
+
+Gabriel, Hebrew, the strength of God.
+
+Geoffrey, German, joyful.
+
+George, Greek, a husbandman.
+
+Gerald, Saxon, all towardliness.
+
+Gideon, Hebrew, a breaker.
+
+Gilbert, Saxon, bright as gold.
+
+Giles, Greek, a little goat.
+
+Godard, German, a godly disposition.
+
+Godfrey, German, God's peace.
+
+Godwin, German, victorious in Cod.
+
+Griffith, British, having great faith.
+
+Guy, French, a leader.
+
+
+H
+
+Hannibal, Punic, a gracious lord.
+
+Harold, Saxon, a champion.
+
+Hector, Greek, a stout defender.
+
+Henry, German, a rich lord.
+
+Herbert, German, a bright lord.
+
+Hercules, Greek, the glory of Hera or Juno.
+
+Horace, Latin, meaning uncertain.
+
+Howel, British, sound or whole.
+
+Hubert, German, a bright color.
+
+Hugh, Dutch, high, lofty.
+
+Humphrey, German, domestic peace.
+
+
+I
+
+Ignatius, Latin, fiery.
+
+Ingram, German, of angelic purity.
+
+Isaac, Hebrew, laughter.
+
+
+J
+
+Jabez, Hebrew, one who causes pain.
+
+Jacob, Hebrew, a supplanter.
+
+James, or Jaques, beguiling.
+
+Job, Hebrew, sorrowing.
+
+Joel, Hebrew, acquiescing.
+
+John, Hebrew, the grace of the Lord.
+
+Jonah, Hebrew, a dove.
+
+Jonathan. Hebrew, the gift of the Lord.
+
+Joseph, Hebrew, addition.
+
+Joshua, Hebrew, a savior.
+
+Josiah, or Josias, Hebrew, the fire of the Lord.
+
+Julius, Latin, soft-haired.
+
+
+L
+
+Lambert, Saxon, a fair lamb.
+
+Lancelot, Spanish, a little lance.
+
+Laurence, Latin, crowned with laurels.
+
+Lazarus, Hebrew, destitute of help.
+
+Leonard, German, like a lion.
+
+Leopold, German, defending the people.
+
+Lewis or Louis, French, the defender of the people.
+
+Lionel, Latin, a little lion.
+
+Llewellin, British, like a lion.
+
+Llewellyn, Celtic, lightning.
+
+Lucius, Latin, shining.
+
+Luke, Creek, a wood or grove.
+
+
+M
+
+Manfred, German, great peace.
+
+Mark, Latin, a hammer.
+
+Martin, Latin, martial.
+
+Matthew, Hebrew, a gift or present.
+
+Maurice, Latin, sprung of a Moor.
+
+Meredith, British, the roaring of the sea.
+
+Michael, Hebrew, who is like God.
+
+Morgan, British, a mariner.
+
+Moses, Hebrew, drawn out.
+
+
+N
+
+Nathaniel, Hebrew, the gift of God.
+
+Neal, French, somewhat black.
+
+Nicholas, Greek, victorious over the people.
+
+Noel, French, belonging to one's nativity.
+
+Norman, French, one born in Normandy.
+
+
+O
+
+Oliver, Latin, an olive.
+
+Orlando, Italian, counsel for the land.
+
+Orson, Latin, a bear.
+
+Osmund, Saxon, house peace.
+
+Oswald, Saxon, ruler of a house.
+
+Owen, British, well descended.
+
+
+P
+
+Patrick, Latin, a nobleman.
+
+Paul, Latin, small, little.
+
+Percival, French, a place in France.
+
+Percy, English, adaptation of "pierce eye."
+
+Peter, Greek, a rock or stone.
+
+Philip, Greek, a lover of horses.
+
+Phineas, Hebrew, of bold countenance.
+
+
+R
+
+Ralph, contracted from Randolph, or Randal, or Rudolph,  Saxon, pure
+help.
+
+Raymond, German, quiet peace.
+
+Reuben, Hebrew, the son of vision.
+
+Reynold, German, a lover of purity.
+
+Richard, Saxon, powerful.
+
+Robert, German, famous in counsel.
+
+Roderick, German, rich in fame.
+
+Rollo, form of Roland, q.v.
+
+Rufus, Latin, reddish.
+
+Roger, German, strong counsel.
+
+Roland, German, counsel for the land.
+
+
+S
+
+Samson, Hebrew, a little son.
+
+Samuel, Hebrew, heard by God.
+
+Saul, Hebrew, desired.
+
+Seth, Hebrew, appointed.
+
+Silas, Latin, sylvan or living in the woods.
+
+Simeon, Hebrew, hearing.
+
+Simon, Hebrew, obedient.
+
+Solomon, Hebrew, peaceable.
+
+Stephen, Greek, a crown or garland.
+
+Swithin, Saxon, very high.
+
+
+T
+
+Theobald, Saxon, bold over the people.
+
+Theodore, Greek, the gift of God.
+
+Thomas, Hebrew, a twin.
+
+Timothy, Greek, a fearer of God.
+
+Titus, Greek, meaning uncertain.
+
+Toby, Hebrew, goodness of the Lord.
+
+
+V
+
+Valentine, Latin, powerful.
+
+Victor, Latin, conqueror.
+
+Vincent, Latin, conquering.
+
+Vivian, Latin, living.
+
+
+W
+
+Walter, German, a conqueror.
+
+Wilfred, Saxon, bold and peaceful.
+
+William, German, defending many.
+
+
+Z
+
+Zaccheus, Syriac, innocent.
+
+
+
+CHRISTIAN NAMES OF WOMEN.
+
+
+A
+
+Adela, German, same as Adeline, q. v.
+
+Adelaide, German, same as Adeline, q. v.
+
+Adeline, German, a princess.
+
+Agatha, Greek, good.
+
+Agnes, German, chaste.
+
+Althea, Greek, hunting.
+
+Alice, Alicia, German, noble.
+
+Alma, Latin, benignant.
+
+Amabel, Latin, lovable.
+
+Amy, Amelia, French, beloved.
+
+Angelina, Greek, lovely, angelic.
+
+Anna, or Anne, Hebrew, gracious.
+
+Arabella, Latin, a fair altar.
+
+Aurora, Latin, morning brightness.
+
+
+B
+
+Barbara, Latin, foreign or strange.
+
+Bella, Italian, beautiful.
+
+Benedicta, Latin, blessed.
+
+Bernice, Greek, bringing victory.
+
+Bertha, Greek, bright or famous.
+
+Bessie, short form of Elizabeth. q.v.
+
+Blanche, French, fair.
+
+Bona, Latin, good.
+
+Bridget, Irish, shining bright.
+
+
+C
+
+Camilla, Latin, attendant at a sacrifice.
+
+Carlotta. Italian, same as Charlotte, q. v.
+
+Caroline, Latin, noble-spirited.
+
+Cassandra, Greek, a reformer of men.
+
+Catherine, Greek, pure or clean,
+
+Charity, Greek, love, bounty.
+
+Charlotte, French, all noble.
+
+Chloe, Greek, a green herb.
+
+Christina, Greek, belonging to Christ.
+
+Clara, Latin, clear or bright.
+
+Constance, Latin, constant.
+
+
+D
+
+Dagmar, German, joy of the Danes.
+
+Deborah, Hebrew, a bee.
+
+Diana, Greek, Jupiter's daughter.
+
+Dorcas, Greek, a wild roe.
+
+Dorothy, Greek, gift of God.
+
+
+E
+
+Edith, Saxon, happiness.
+
+Eleanor, Saxon, all-fruitful.
+
+Eliza, Elizabeth, Hebrew, the oath of God.
+
+Emily, corrupted from Amelia.
+
+Emma, German, a nurse.
+
+Esther, Hester, Hebrew, secret.
+
+Eudora, Greek, good gift.
+
+Eugenia, French, well-born.
+
+Eunice, Greek, fair victory.
+
+Eva, or Eve, Hebrew, causing life.
+
+
+F
+
+Fanny, dim. of Frances, q.v.
+
+Flora, Latin, flowers.
+
+Florence, Latin, blooming, flourishing.
+
+Frances, German, free.
+
+
+G
+
+Gertrude, German, all truth.
+
+Grace, Latin, favor.
+
+
+H
+
+Hannah, Hebrew, gracious.
+
+Harriet, German, head of the house.
+
+Helen, or Helena, Greek, alluring.
+
+Henrietta, fem. and dim. of  Henry, q. v.
+
+Hilda, German, warrior maiden.
+
+Honora, Latin, honorable.
+
+Huldah, Hebrew, a weasel.
+
+
+I
+
+Irene, peaceful.
+
+Isabella, Spanish, fair Eliza.
+
+
+J
+
+Jane, or Jeanne,  fem. of John, q.v.
+
+Janet, Jeanette, little Jane.
+
+Jemima, Hebrew, a dove.
+
+Joan, Joanna. Hebrew, fem. of John, q. v.
+
+Joyce, French, pleasant.
+
+Judith, Hebrew, praising.
+
+Julia, Juliana, fem. of Julius, q. v.
+
+
+K
+
+Katherine, form of Catherine, q. v.
+
+Ketura, Hebrew, incense.
+
+
+L
+
+Laura, Latin, a laurel.
+
+Lavinia, Latin, of Latium.
+
+Letitia, Latin, joy or gladness.
+
+Lilian, Lily, Latin, a lily.
+
+Lois, Greek, better.
+
+Louisa, German. fem. of Louis, q.v.
+
+Lucretia, Latin, a chaste Roman lady.
+
+Lucy, Latin, fem. of Lucius.
+
+Lydia. Greek, descended from Lud.
+
+
+M
+
+Mabel, Latin, lovely or lovable.
+
+Madeline, form of Magdalen, q. v.
+
+Margaret, Greek, a pearl.
+
+Martha, Hebrew, bitterness,
+
+Mary, Hebrew, bitter.
+
+Matilda, German, a lady of honor.
+
+Maud, German, form of Malilda, q.. v.
+
+May, Latin, month of May.
+
+Mercy, English, compassion.
+
+Mildred, Saxon, speaking mild.
+
+Minnie, dim. of Margaret. q. v.
+
+
+N
+
+Naomi, Hebrew, alluring.
+
+
+O
+
+Olive, Olivia, Latin, an olive.
+
+Ophelia, Greek, a serpent.
+
+
+P
+
+Patience, Latin, bearing patiently.
+
+Penelope, Greek, a weaver.
+
+Persis, Greek, destroying.
+
+Philippa, Greek, fem. of Philip.
+
+Phoebe, Greek, the light of life.
+
+Phyllis, Greek, a green bough.
+
+Polly, variation of Molly, dim. of Mary, q. v.
+
+Priscilla, Latin, somewhat old.
+
+Prudence, Latin, discretion.
+
+
+R
+
+Rachel, Hebrew, a lamb.
+
+Rebecca, Hebrew, fat or plump.
+
+Rhoda, Greek, a rose.
+
+Rose or Rosa, Latin, a rose.
+
+Rosalind, Latin, beautiful as a rose.
+
+Roxana, Persian, dawn of day.
+
+Rosamond, Saxon, rose of peace.
+
+Ruth, Hebrew, trembling, or beauty.
+
+
+S
+
+Sabina, Latin, sprung from the Sabines.
+
+Salome, Hebrew, a princess.
+
+Selina, Greek, the moon.
+
+Sibylla, Greek, the counsel of God.
+
+Sophia, Greek, wisdom.
+
+Susan, Susanna, Hebrew, a lily.
+
+
+T
+
+Tabitha, Syriac, a roe.
+
+Theodosia, Creek, given by God.
+
+
+U
+
+Ursula, Latin, a she bear.
+
+
+V
+
+Victoria, Latin, victory.
+
+Vida, Erse, fem. of David.
+
+
+W
+
+Walburga, Saxon, gracious.
+
+Winifred, Saxon, winning peace.
+
+
+Z
+
+Zenobia, Greek, the life of Jupiter.
+
+
+
+PRINCIPAL AMERICAN CITIES
+
+With Population of over 100,000 in 1910.
+
+(The population for 1900 is given in parentheses by way of comparison.)
+
+New York, N. Y., 4,766,883 (3,437,202);
+Chicago, Ill., 2,185,283 (l,698,572);
+Philadelphia, Pa., 1,549,008 (1,293,697);
+St. Louis, Mo., 687,029 (575,238);
+Boston, Mass., 670,585 (560,892);
+Cleveland, O., 560,663 (381,768);
+Baltimore, Md., 558,485 (508,957);
+Pittsburg, Pa., 533,905 (451,512);
+Detroit. Mich., 465,766 (285,704);
+Buffalo, N. Y., 423,715 (352,387);
+San Francisco, Cal., 416,912 (342,782);
+Milwaukee, Wis., 373,857 (285,315);
+Cincinnati, O., 364,462 (325,902);
+Newark. N. J., 347,469 (246,070);
+New Orleans. La., 339,075 (287,104);
+Washington. D. C., 331,069 (278,718);
+Los Angeles, Cal., 319,198 (102,479);
+Minneapolis, Minn., 301,408 (202,718);
+Jersey City, N. J., 267,779 (206,433);
+Kansas City, Mo., 248,331 (163,752);
+Seattle, Wash., 237,194 (80,671);
+Indianapolis, Ind., 233,650 (169,164);
+Providence, R. I., 224,326 (175,597);
+Louisville, Ky., 223,928 (204,731);
+Rochester, N. Y., 218,149 (162,608);
+St. Paul, Minn., 214,744 (163,065);
+Denver, Col., 213,381 (133,859);
+Portland, Ore., 207,214 (90,426);
+Columbus, O., 181,548 (125,560);
+Toledo, O., 168,497 (131,822);
+Atlanta, Ga., 154,839 (89,672);
+Oakland, Cal., 150,174 (66,960);
+Worcester, Mass., 145,986 (118,421);
+Syracuse, N. Y., 137,249 (108,374);
+New Haven, Conn., 133,605 (108,027);
+Birmingham, Ala., 132,683 (38,415);
+Memphis, Tenn., 131,105 (102,320);
+Scranton, Pa., 129,867 (102,026);
+Richmond, Va., 127,628 (85,050);
+Paterson, N. J., 125,600 (105,171);
+Omaha, Neb., 124,096 (102,555);
+Fall River, Mass., 119,295 (104,803);
+Dayton, O., 116,577 (85,333);
+Grand Rapids, Mich., 112,571 (87,565);
+Nashville, Tenn., 110,364 (80,865);
+Lowell, Mass., 106,294 (94,969);
+Cambridge, Mass., 104,839 (91,886);
+Spokane, Wash., 104,402 (36,848);
+Bridgeport, Conn., 102,054 (70,996);
+Albany, N. Y., 100,253 (94,151).
+
+
+
+STATE FLOWERS.
+
+The following list includes all the "State flowers" Commonly accepted or
+officially adopted:
+
+Alabama, goldenrod;
+Arizona, sequoia cactus;
+Arkansas, apple blossom;
+California, poppy;
+Colorado, columbine;
+Delaware, peach blossom;
+Georgia, Cherokee rose;
+Idaho, syringa;
+Illinois, violet;
+Iowa, wild rose;
+Kansas, sunflower;
+Louisiana, magnolia;
+Maine, pine cone;
+Michigan, apple blossom;
+Minnesota, moccasin;
+Mississippi, magnolia;
+Montana, bitter root;
+Missouri, goldenrod;
+Nebraska, goldenrod;
+New Jersey, sugar maple (tree);
+New York, rose;
+North Dakota, goldenrod;
+Oklahoma, mistletoe;
+Oregon, Oregon grape;
+Rhode Island, violet;
+Texas, blue bonnet;
+Utah, Sego lily;
+Vermont, red clover;
+Washington, rhododendron.
+
+
+
+HEIGHT OF NOTED STRUCTURES.
+
+Following is the height in feet of some noted monuments and structures:
+
+Amiens cathedral, 383;
+Bunker Hill monument, 221;
+Capitol, Washington, 288;
+City Hall, Philadelphia, 535;
+Cologne cathedral, 512;
+Eiffel tower, 984;
+Florence cathedral, 387;
+Fribourg cathedral, 386;
+Masonic Temple, Chicago, 354;
+Metropolitan building. N. Y., 700;
+Milan cathedral, 360;
+the Great Pyramid, 451;
+Rouen cathedral, 464;
+St. Paul's, London, 404;
+St. Peter's, Rome, 433;
+Singer building, N. Y., 612;
+Strassburg cathedral, 465;
+St. Stephen's, Vienna, 470;
+Ward building, Chicago, 394;
+Washington monument, 556.
+
+
+
+MAXIMUM AGE OF TREES.
+
+Palm, 250 years;
+elm, 355 years;
+cypress, 388 years;
+ivy, 448 years;
+maple, 516 years;
+larch, 576 years;
+lemon, 640 years;
+plane, 720 years;
+cedar, 800 years;
+chestnut, 860 years;
+walnut, 900 years;
+lime, 1,076 years;
+spruce, 1,200 years;
+oak, 1,600 years;
+olive, 2,000 years;
+yew, 2,880 years;
+baobab, 5,100 years;
+dragon, 5,900 years.
+
+Eucalyptus, or Australian gum-tree, sometimes grows twenty-four feet in
+three months: bamboo, two feet in twenty-four hours.
+
+
+
+DICTIONARY OF AERONAUTICS
+
+The new science of aeronautics has given rise to many new words, among
+them some of awkward derivation, and even those properly formed and
+worthy of preservation in the language are often erroneously used. The
+following compact lexicon is therefore both interesting and instructive:
+
+Aeroplane--A generic term applied in common use to all classes of
+sustaining surfaces; strictly applicable only to flat surfaces.
+
+Adjusting Surfaces--Commonly a comparatively small surface, usually at
+the end of a wing tip, used to adjust lateral balance; preferably
+restricted to surfaces capable of variable adjustment, but not of
+movement by controlling devices. See "Stabilizer'" and "Wing tip" and
+compare "Aileron."
+
+Advancing Edge--The front edge of a sustaining or other surface.
+
+Advancing Surface--A surface that precedes another through the air, as
+in a double monoplane.
+
+Aerocurve--A proposed substitute for aeroplane.
+
+Aerodrome--A substitute proposed by Langley for aeroplane. Strictly
+applicable to a course rather than to a vehicle.
+
+Aileron (a'ler-on)--A small hinged or separated wing tip or surface
+capable of independent manipulation for the purpose of maintaining
+lateral balance.
+
+Aviation (a-vi-a'shun)--Dynamic flight by means of heavier-than-air
+mechanisms.
+
+Aviator (a'vi-a-ter)--The operator or pilot of a heavier-than-air
+machine.
+
+Aerofoil--Term used to indicate lifting surface,
+
+Angle of Incidence--The angle which a line drawn from the leading to the
+trailing edge of the plane makes with the horizontal trailing angle
+between the tangent to the trailing edge of the plane and the chord or a
+line drawn from the leading to the trailing edge.
+
+Arc--Any portion of a circle or other curve.
+
+Aspect--The top or plan view of an aeroplane surface.
+
+Automatic Stability--Applied to lateral or longitudinal stability
+maintained by the action of suitable elements on mechanisms independent
+of any control exercised by the operator. There is a tendency to
+restrict the term to such stability secured by automatic manipulation of
+controlling devices, rather than to systems in which balance is
+maintained by the use of dihedral arrangements.
+
+Biplane (bi'plane)--An aeroplane with two superposed main surfaces.
+
+Balance--To maintain equilibrium by hand or automatic movement of
+balancing surfaces, as opposed to equilibrium maintained by stabilizing.
+See "Stabilizer."
+
+Body--The center part of an aeroplane or other aerial vehicle, in which
+the motor, fuel tanks, passenger accommodation, etc., are placed.
+
+Camber--The camber of the ribs is the amount of curvature which is
+imparted to them in the same way that a motor car spring or a road has a
+camber or curvature.
+
+Chassis (shas-see)--That part of the main framework of a monoplane to
+which the main planes and tail planes are fitted and which contains the
+engine and aviators seat.
+
+Center of Pressure--Really a line of pressure along the under side of a
+wing or aeroplane surface, on either side of which the pressures are
+equal.
+
+Center of Gravity--The center of weight, about which the vehicle
+balances in all directions.
+
+Chord--A straight line drawn between the ends of the arc of a circle or
+other curve.
+
+Dirigible (dir'-igihle)--Steerable or navigable; applied to balloons.
+
+Derrick--A tower in which a falling weight is dropped in starting an
+aeroplane.
+
+Diagonal--A diagonal brace or stay in a framework.
+
+Dihedral (di-he'dral)--Said of wing pairs inclined at an upward angle to
+each other.
+
+Elevator--A principal supplementary surface, usually of a miniature form
+of the main planes. Used for purpose of altering the vertical direction
+of machine.
+
+Gap--The distance between two main planes in a biplane.
+
+Gliding--Flying down a slant of air without power.
+
+Gyroscopic Effect--The property of any rotating mass whereby it tends to
+maintain its plane of rotation against disturbing forces.
+
+Gauchissement (or warping)--Applied to the main planes and produces the
+same ultimate effect as the use of ailerons.
+
+Hangar (hang'ar)--A shed for housing balloons or aeroplanes, generally
+the latter.
+
+Horsepower--A rate of work equivalent to the lifting of 33,000 ft.-lb. a
+minute.
+
+Head Resistance--The resistance of a surface to movement through the
+air; closely proportionate to its projected area.
+
+Heavier-than-air--Applied to dynamic flying machines weighing more than
+the air they displace.
+
+Horizontal Rudder--A horizontally placed rudder for steering in vertical
+directions.
+
+Lift--The sustaining effect, expressed in units of weight of an
+aeroplane or wing surface.
+
+Monoplane--An aeroplane with one or more main surfaces in the same
+horizontal plane.
+
+Main Plane--Usually the largest or lowest supporting surface of a
+multi-surfaced aeroplane.
+
+Mast--A spar or strut used for the attachment of wire or other stays to
+stiffen the wings or other parts of a structure.
+
+Main Spars--Lateral spars upon which the main planes are built.
+
+Main Landing Wheels--In an alighting gear, the wheels that take the
+chief shock in landing.
+
+Ornithopter--A dynamic flying machine of the heavier-than-air type, in
+which sustension is provided by the effect of reciprocating wing
+surfaces.
+
+Pylon--A tower to mark the course in aerial racing contests.
+
+Ribs--Supports for the fabric, made of ash or spruce and bent to the
+correct curves.
+
+Rudder--One or more steering planes are invariably fitted to practical
+machines to control the direction of flight.
+
+Superposed Planes--Arrangement of one plane over the other, as in the
+Wright, Voisin and Farman machines.
+
+Supplementary Planes (or surfaces)--Additional surfaces which are used
+for stabilization.
+
+Stabilizer--Any surface for automatically maintaining lateral or
+longitudinal balance.
+
+Struts--Fixtures used in biplane construction to maintain an equal
+distance between two planes.
+
+Skids--Long skates on which the machine can land in safety.
+
+Span--The distance from tip to tip of the main planes in a transverse
+direction to that of flight.
+
+Soaring Flight--The flight of certain large birds without wing flapping.
+Its solution and imitation constitute one of the problems of aerial
+navigation.
+
+Sustaining Surface--Any surface placed in a horizontal or approximately
+horizontal position, primarily for the purpose of affording sustension.
+
+Triplane--An aeroplane with three main surfaces.
+
+Webs--Small blocks of wood placed between the ribs which act as distance
+pieces.
+
+Wing Warping--A system of maintaining lateral balance by differential
+twisting of wing tips in such manner as to increase the sustension on
+one side and decrease it on the other.
+
+--New York Tribune.
+
+
+
+COLLEGE COLORS.
+
+Amherst--Purple and white.
+
+Beloit--Old gold,
+
+Bowdoin--White.
+
+Brown--Brown and white.
+
+Columbia--Light blue and white.
+
+Cornell--Carnelian and white.
+
+Dartmouth--Green.
+
+Harvard--Crimson.
+
+Indiana--Crimson and cream.
+
+Iowa--Scarlet and black.
+
+Iowa State--Cardinal and gold.
+
+Johns Hopkins--Black and old gold.
+
+Lake Forest--Red and black.
+
+Leland Stanford--Cardinal.
+
+Northwestern--Royal Purple.
+
+Oberlin--Crimson and gold
+
+Princeton--Orange and black.
+
+Purdue--Old gold and black.
+
+University of Chicago--Maroon.
+
+University of Illinois--Orange and navy blue.
+
+University of Michigan--Maize and blue.
+
+University of Minnesota--Old gold and maroon.
+
+University of Notre Dame--Gold and blue.
+
+University of Pennsylvania--Red and blue.
+
+University of Rochester--Dandelion yellow.
+
+University of Wisconsin--Cardinal.
+
+Vassar--Rose and gray.
+
+Williams--Royal purple.
+
+Yale--Blue.
+
+
+
+THE CLAIMS OF OSTEOPATHY.
+
+Strictly construing the claims of osteopathic doctors, it is an
+anti-medicine system of practice for the cure of every disease to which
+the human body is liable.
+
+Dr. Andrew T. Still, who claims to have made the discoveries that led to
+the establishment of the school of Osteopathy, asserts that all diseases
+and lesions are the result of the luxation, dislocation, or breakage of
+some bone or bones; this, however, is not now maintained to any great
+extent by his followers. Osteopathists, though, do generally claim that
+all diseases arise from some maladjustment of the bones of the human
+body, and that treatment, therefore, must be to secure the normal
+adjustment of the bones and ligaments that form the skeleton. They claim
+that a dislocation is not always necessarily the result of external
+violence; it may be caused by the ulceration of bones, the elongation of
+ligaments, or excessive muscular action.
+
+The constriction of an important artery or vein, which may be caused by
+a very slightly displaced bone, an indurated muscle, or other organ, may
+produce an excess of blood in one part of the body, thereby causing a
+deficiency in some other part. A dislocated member will generally show
+alteration in the form of the joint and axis of the limb; loss of power
+and proper motion; increased length or shortening of the limb;
+prominence at one point and depression at another; greatly impaired
+circulation, and pain due to the obstruction of nerve force in the parts
+involved.
+
+The osteopathist claims that pain and disease arise mainly from some
+mal-adjustment in some part of the body, and that a return to good
+health involves treatment for the normal adjustment of the skeleton; he
+asserts, though any luxation may be only partial, it may cause pressure
+at some point upon a blood vessel, or a nerve of which the patient may
+be unconscious, and thus be a barrier to the restoration of good health.
+
+
+Osteopathy asserts that trying to heal the body of an ailment caused by
+a dislocated member, be it a bone, ligament, or nerve, by which abnormal
+pressure is maintained upon a blood vessel or a nerve, would be like
+trying to operate a machine with an important cog out of gear. To cure
+it involves the reduction of a dislocation; the breaking up of
+adhesions, and the arousing of the enervated organ or organs partially
+or wholly failing in the performance of function.
+
+
+
+THE LAW OF TRADEMARKS.
+
+Any person, firm or corporation can obtain protection for any lawful
+trademark by complying with the following:
+
+1. By causing to be recorded in the Patent Office the name, residence
+and place of business of persons desiring the trademark.
+
+2. The class of merchandise and description of the same.
+
+3. A description of the trademark itself with facsimiles.
+
+4. The length of time that the said mark has already been used.
+
+5. By payment of the required fee--$6 for labels and $25 for trademarks.
+
+6. By complying with such regulations as may be prescribed by the
+Commissioner of Patents.
+
+7. A lawful trademark must consist of some arbitrary word (not the name
+of a person or place), indicating or not the use or nature of the thing
+to which it is applied; of some designating symbol, or of both said word
+and symbol.
+
+
+
+HOW TO OBTAIN A PATENT.
+
+Patents are issued in the name of the United States, and under the seal
+of the Patent Office. A patent is a grant by the Government to the
+inventor, his heirs or assigns, for a limited period, of the exclusive
+right to make, use or sell any new and useful art, machine, manufacture
+or composition of matter, or any new and useful improvement thereof, or
+any new, original and ornamental design for any article of manufacture.
+
+Every patent contains a grant to the patentee, his heirs or assigns, for
+the term of seventeen years, of the exclusive right to make, use and
+vend the invention or discovery throughout the United States and the
+Territories, referring to the specification for the particulars thereof.
+
+If it appears that the inventor, at the time of making his application,
+believed himself to be the first inventor or discoverer, a patent will
+not be refused on account of the invention or discovery, or any part
+thereof, having been known or used in any foreign country before his
+invention or discovery thereof, if it had not been before patented or
+described in any printed publication.
+
+Joint inventors are entitled to a joint patent; neither can claim one
+separately. Independent inventors of distinct and independent
+improvements in the same machine cannot obtain a joint patent for their
+separate inventions; nor does the fact that one furnishes the capital
+and another makes the invention entitle them to make application as
+joint inventors; but in such case they may become joint patentees.
+
+Application for a patent must be made in writing to the Commissioner of
+Patents, from whom blanks and printed instructions can be obtained by
+mail.
+
+REISSUES.--A reissue is granted to the original patentee, his legal
+representatives, or the assignees of the entire interest, when, by
+reason of a defective or insufficient specification, or by reason of the
+patentee claiming as his invention or discovery more than he had a right
+to claim as new, the original patent is inoperative or invalid, provided
+the error has arisen from inadvertence, accident or mistake and without
+any fraudulent or deceptive intention.
+
+CAVEATS.--A caveat, under the patent law, is a notice given to the
+office of the caveator's claim as inventor, in order to prevent the
+grant of a patent to another for the same alleged invention upon an
+application filed during the life of the caveat without notice to the
+caveator.
+
+Any citizen of the United States who has made a new invention or
+discovery, and desires further time to mature the same, may, on payment
+of a fee of $10, file in the Patent Office a caveat setting forth the
+object and the distinguishing characteristics of the invention, and
+praying protection of his right until he shall have matured his
+invention. Such caveat shall be filed in the confidential archives of
+the office and preserved in secrecy, and shall be operative for the term
+of one year from the filing thereof.
+
+An alien has the same privilege, if he has resided in the United States
+one year next preceding the filing of his caveat, and has made oath of
+his intention to become a citizen.
+
+The caveat must comprise a specification, oath, and, when the nature of
+the case admits of it, a drawing, and, like the application, must be
+limited to a single invention or improvement.
+
+FEES.--Fees must be paid in advance, and are as follows. On filing each
+original application for a patent, $15. On issuing each original patent,
+$20. In design cases: For three years and six months, $10: for seven
+years, $15; for fourteen years, $30. On filing each caveat, $10.
+
+On every application for the reissue of a patent, $30. Added to these
+are the usual charges of patent solicitors for preparing the application
+and for drawings etc.
+
+
+
+SHAKESPEARE'S COUNSEL.
+
+(Polonius' Advice to His Son Laertes.)
+
+And these few precepts in thy memory
+See thou character: Give thy thoughts no tongue.
+Nor any unproportion'd thought his act.
+Be thou familiar, but by no means vulgar.
+Those friends thou hast, and their adoption tried,
+Grapple them to thy soul with hooks of steel;
+But do not dull thy palm with entertainment
+Of each new-hatch'd, unfledged comrade. Beware
+Of entrance to a quarrel, but, being in,
+Bear 't that the opposed may beware of thee.
+Give every man thy ear, but few thy voice;
+Take each man's censure, but reserve thy judgment.
+Costly thy habit as thy purse can buy.
+But not express'd in fancy; rich, not gaudy;
+For the apparel oft proclaims the man.   * * *
+Neither a borrower nor a lender be:
+For loan oft loses both itself and friend,
+And borrowing dulls the edge of husbandry.
+This above all: to thine own self be true,
+And it must follow, as the night the day,
+Thou canst not then be false to any man.
+                                       --"Hamlet," 1 :3.
+
+
+POOR RICHARD'S SAYINGS.
+(Benjamin Franklin.)
+
+Drive thy business! Let not thy business drive thee!
+
+Diligence is the mother of good luck.
+
+Now I have a sheep and a cow, everybody bids me good morrow.
+
+If you would know the value of money, go and try to borrow some.
+
+Great estates may venture more, but little boats should keep near shore.
+
+What maintains one vice would bring up two children.
+
+God helps them that help themselves.
+
+Poverty often deprives a man of all spirit and virtue, 'Tis hard for an
+empty bag to stand upright.
+
+Beware of little expenses; a small leak will sink a great ship.
+
+For age and want, save while you may. No morning sun lasts a whole day.
+
+
+
+HOW TO MAKE CHANGE QUICKLY.
+
+Always consider the amount of purchase as if that much money were
+already counted out, then add to amount of purchase enough small change
+to make an even dollar, counting out the even dollars last until full
+amount is made up.
+
+If the purchase amounts to 57 cents, and you are handed $2.00 in
+payment, count out 43 cents first to make an even dollar. Then layout
+the other dollar.
+
+Should the purchase be $3.69, to be taken out of $20.00, begin with
+$3.69 as the basis and make up even $4.00 by laying out 31 cents. This
+31 cents with the amount of the purchase you will consider as $4.00, and
+count out even dollars to make up the $20.00 which the customer has
+handed in.
+
+
+
+MERCHANTS' COST AND PRICE MARKS.
+
+All merchants use private cipher marks to note cost or selling price of
+goods. The cipher is usually made up from some short word or sentence of
+nine or ten letters, as:
+
+C  O  R  N  E  L  I  U  S,  A
+1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9   0
+
+Five dollars, according to this key, would be eaa. But generally an
+extra letter is used to prevent repeating the mark for 0. If the sign
+for a second 0 in this case were y, we would have eay instead of eaa.
+
+
+
+TIME IN WHICH MONEY DOUBLES.
+
+Per      Simple           Compound
+Ct      Interest.         Interest.
+ 2       50 yrs.           35 yrs.
+ 2-1/2   40 yrs.           28 yrs.  26 da.
+ 3       33 yrs. 4 mos.    23 yrs. 164 da.
+ 3-1/2   28 yrs, 208 da.   20 yrs.  54
+ 4       25 yrs.           17 yrs. 246 da.
+ 4-1/2   22 yrs. 81 da.    15 yrs. 273 da.
+ 5       20 yrs.           14 yrs.  75 da.
+ 6       16 yrs. 8 mos.    11 yrs. 327 da.
+ 7       14 yrs. 104 da.   10 yrs.  89 da.
+ 8       12-1/2 yrs.        9 yrs    2 da.
+ 9       11 yrs. 40da.      8 yrs.  16 da.
+10       10 yrs.            7 yrs. 100 da.
+
+
+
+
+"A DOLLAR SAVED, A DOLLAR EARNED."
+
+The way to accumulate money is to save small sums with regularity. A
+small sum saved daily for fifty years will grow at the following rate:
+
+Daily Savings.    Result.      Daily Savings.     Result.
+One cent       $   950         Sixty cents     $   57,024
+Ten cents        9,504         Seventy cents       66,528
+Twenty cents    19,006         Eighty cents        76,032
+Thirty cents    28,512         Ninety cents        85,537
+Forty cents     38,015         One dollar         475,208
+Fifty cents     47,520
+
+[Transcriber's note: The figures from 1 to 90 cents assume about 5.5%
+interest. The one dollar amount ($475,208) assumes about 10% interest.]
+
+
+
+SHORT INTEREST RULES.
+
+To find the interest on a given sum for any number of days, at any rate
+of interest, multiply the principal by the number of days and divide as
+follows:
+
+At 3 per cent, by  120     At  9 per cent, by  40
+At 4 per cent, by   90     At 10 per cent, by  36
+At 5 per cent, by   72     At 12 per cent, by  30
+At 6 per cent, by   60     At 15 per cent, by  24
+At 7 per cent, by   52     At 20 per cent, by  18
+At 8 per cent, by   45
+
+
+
+TRADE DISCOUNTS.
+
+Wholesale houses usually invoice their goods to retailers at "list"
+prices. List prices were once upon a time supposed to be retail prices,
+but of late a system of "long" list prices has come into vogue in many
+lines of trade--that is, the list price is made exorbitantly high, so
+that wholesalers can give enormous discounts. These discounts, whether
+large or small, are called trade discounts, and are usually deducted at
+a certain rate per cent from the face of invoice.
+
+The amount of discount generally depends upon size of bill or terms of
+settlement, or both. Sometimes two or more discounts are allowed. Thus
+30% and 5% is expressed 30 and 5 meaning first a discount of 30% and
+then 5% from the remainder.
+
+30 and 5 is not 35% but 33-1/3%. 10, 5 and 3 off means three successive
+discounts.
+
+A wholesale house allowing 10, 5 and 3 off gets more for its goods than
+it would at 18 off.
+
+
+
+HOW TO DETECT COUNTERFEIT MONEY.
+
+In the space at disposal here, it is impossible of course to give a
+complete illustrated counterfeit detector, but the following simple
+rules, laid down by Bank Note Examiner Geo. R. Baker, will be found
+extremely valuable:
+
+Examine the form and features of all human figures: if graceful, and
+features distinct, examine the drapery. Notice whether the folds lie
+naturally, and observe whether the fine strands of the hair are plain
+and distinct.
+
+Examine the lettering. In a genuine bill is absolutely perfect. There
+has never been a counterfeit put out but was more or less defective in
+the lettering.
+
+Counterfeiters rarely, if ever, get the imprint or engraver's name
+perfect. The shading in the background of the vignette and over and
+around the letters forming the name of the bank, on a good bill, is even
+and perfect; on a counterfeit, it is uneven and imperfect.
+
+The die work around the figures of the denomination should be of the
+same character as the ornamental work surrounding it.
+
+Never take a bill deficient in any of these points.
+
+
+
+Big Trees.--Of ninety-two redwood trees in Calaveras Grove, Cal., ten
+are over thirty feet in diameter, and eighty-two have a diameter of from
+fifteen to thirty feet. Their ages are estimated at from 1,000 to 3,500
+years. Their height ranges from 150 to 237 feet.
+
+
+
+FACTS OF GENERAL INTEREST.
+
+A hawk flies 150 miles per hour; an eider duck 90 miles; a pigeon, 40
+miles.
+
+A man's working life is divided into four decades: 20 to 30, bronze; 30
+to 40, silver; 40 to 50, gold; 50 to 60, iron. Intellect and judgment
+are strongest between 40 and 50.
+
+Hair which is lightest in color is also lightest in weight. Light or
+blond hair is generally the most luxuriant, and it has been calculated
+that the average number of hairs of this color on an average person's
+head is 140,000; while the number of brown hairs is 110,000, and black
+only 103,000.
+
+Goldsmith received $300 for "The Vicar of Wakefield;" Moore, $15,500 for
+"Lalla Rookh;" Victor Hugo, $12,000 for "Hernani;" Chateaubriand,
+$110,000 for his works; Lamartine, $16,000 for "Travels in Palestine;"
+Disraeli, $50,000 for "Endymion;" Anthony Trollope, $315,000 for
+forty-five novels; Lingard, $21,000 for his "History of England;" Mrs.
+Grant received over $600,000 as royalty from the sale of "The Personal
+Memoirs of U. S. Grant."
+
+One woman in 20, one man in 30 is barren--about 4 per cent. It is found
+that one marriage in 20 is barren--5 per cent. Among the nobility of
+Great Britain, 21 per cent have no children, owing partly to
+intermarriage of cousins, no less than 4-1/2 per cent being married to
+cousins.
+
+The largest bells are the following, and their weight is given in tons:
+Moscow, 216: Burmah, 117; Pekin, 53; Novgorod, 31; Notre Dame, 18;
+Rouen, 18; Olmutz, 18; Vienna, 18; St. Paul's, 16; Westminster, 14;
+Montreal, 12; Cologne, 11; Oxford, 8; St. Peter's, 8. Bell metal should
+have 77 parts copper and 23 tin.
+
+American life averages for professions (Boston): Storekeepers, 41.8
+years; teamsters, 43.6 years; laborers. 44.6 years; seamen, 46.1 years;
+mechanics, 47.3 years; merchants, 48.4 years; lawyers, 52.6 years;
+farmers, 64.2 years.
+
+A camel has twice the carrying power of an ox; with an ordinary load of
+400 lb. he can travel 12 to 14 days without water, going 40 miles a day.
+Camels are fit to work at 5 years old, but their strength begins to
+decline at 25, although they live usually till 40.
+
+The checks paid in New York in one year aggregate $77,020,672,494, which
+is more than nine times the value of all the gold and silver coin in
+existence.
+
+Pounds of water evaporated by 1 lb. of fuel as follows: Straw. 1.9;
+wood, 3.1; peat, 3.8; coke or charcoal. 6.4; coal, 7.9; petroleum, 14.6.
+
+The average elevation of continents above sea level is: Europe, 670
+feet; Asia, 1,140 feet; North America. 1,150 feet; South America, 1,100
+feet.
+
+A body weighing 140 lb. produces 3 lb. ashes; time for burning, 55
+minutes.
+
+The seven largest diamonds in the world weigh, respectively, as follows;
+Kohinoor, 103 carats; Star of Brazil, 126 carats; Regent of France, 136
+carats; Austrian Kaiser, 139 carats; Russian Czar, 195 carats; Rajah of
+Borneo, 367 carats; Braganza, 1,880 carats. The value of the above is
+not regulated by size, nor easy to estimate, but none of them is worth
+less than $500,000.
+
+According to Orfila, the proportion of nicotine in Havana tobacco is 2
+per cent; in French, 6 per cent; and Virginia tobacco, 7 per cent. That
+in Brazilian is still higher.
+
+One horsepower will raise 16-1/2 tons per minute a height of 12 inches,
+working 8 hours a day. This is about 9,900 foot-tons daily, or 12 times
+a man's work.
+
+Good clear ice two inches thick will bear men to walk on; four inches
+thick will bear horses and riders; six inches thick will bear horses and
+teams with moderate loads.
+
+One pair of rabbits can become multiplied in four years into 1,250,000.
+Australia ships 6,000,000 rabbit skins yearly to England.
+
+The largest of the Pyramids, that of Cheops, is composed of four million
+tons of stone, and occupied 100,000 men during 20 years, equal to an
+outlay of $200,000,000. It would now cost $20,000,000 at a contract
+price of 36 cents per cubic foot.
+
+One tug on the Mississippi can take, in six days, from St. Louis to New
+Orleans, barges carrying 10,000 tons of grain, which would require 70
+railway trains of fifteen cars each.
+
+Comparative Scale of Strength.--Ordinary man, 100; Byron's Gladiator,
+173; Farnese Hercules, 362; horse, 750.
+
+A man will die for want of air in five minutes; for want of sleep, in
+ten days; for want of water, in a week; for want of food, at varying
+intervals, dependent on various circumstances.
+
+The average of human life is 33 years. One child out of every four dies
+before the age of 7 years, and only one-half of the world's population
+reach the age of 17. One out of 10,000 reaches 100 years. The average
+number of births per day is about 120,000, exceeding the deaths by about
+15 per minute. There have been many alleged cases of longevity in all
+ages, but only a few are authentic.
+
+The various nations of Europe are represented in the list of Popes as
+follows: English, 1; Dutch, 1; Swiss, 1; Portuguese, 1; African, 2;
+Austrian, 2; Spanish, 5; German, 6; Syrian, 8; Greek, 14; French, 16;
+Italian, 200. Eleven Popes reigned over 20 years; 69, from 10 to 20; 57,
+from 5 to 10; and the reign of 116 was less than 5 years. The reign of
+Piux IX was the longest of all, the only one exceeding 25 years.
+
+A knot, in sailor phrase, is a nautical mile, 6,080 feet, or 800 feet
+more than a land mile.
+
+The Garden of the Gods is near Colorado Springs and consists of a tract
+some 50 acres in area surrounded by mountains and ravines of red
+sandstone. A number of large upright rocks, some as high as 350 feet,
+have given the beautiful valley its name. It is entered by a very narrow
+pass called the "Beautiful Gate."
+
+The Trans-Siberian Railway is 6,003 miles long and was built at a cost
+of $201,350,860.
+
+The longest reigns in English history were; Victoria, 64 years; George
+III., 60; Henry III, 56; Edward III, 50; Elizabeth, 45; Henry VIII., 38.
+
+The highest mountain in North America is Mt. McKinley, at the headwaters
+of the Suswhitna and Kuskokwim rivers, Alaska. Its height is 20,464
+feet.
+
+The largest viaduct in the world was designed and built by American
+engineers for the English railway in Burma. It crosses the Gokteik
+gorge, eighty miles from Mandalay. It is 2,260 feet long and 325 feet
+high, and was constructed in 1900.
+
+The degrees of alcohol in wines and liquors are: Beer, 4.0; porter, 4.5;
+ale, 7.4; cider, 8.6; Moselle, 9.6; Tokay, 10.2; Rhine, 11.0; orange,
+11.2; Bordeaux, 11.5; hock, 11.6; gooseberry, 11.8; Champagne, 12.2;
+claret, 13.3; Burgundy, 13.6; Malaga, 17.3; Lisbon, 18.5; Canary, 18.8;
+sherry, 19.0; vermouth, 19.0; Cape, 19.2; Malmsey, 19.7; Marsala, 20.2;
+Madeira, 21.0; Port, 23.2; Curacoa, 27.0; aniseed, 33.0; Maraschino,
+34.0; Chartreuse, 43.0; gin, 51.6; brandy, 53.4; rum, 53.7; Irish
+whisky, 53.9; Scotch, 54.3. Spirits are said to be "proof" when they
+contain 57 per cent. The maximum amount of alcohol, says Parkes, that a
+man can take daily without injury to his health is that contained in 2
+oz. Brandy, 1/4 pt. of sherry, 1/2 pt. of claret, or 1 pt. of beer.
+
+The measurement of that part of the skull which holds the brain is
+stated in cubic inches thus: Anglo-Saxon, 105; German, 105; negro, 96;
+ancient Egyptian, 93; Hottentot, 58; Australian native, 58. In all races
+the male brain is about ten per cent heavier than the female. The
+highest class of apes has only 16 oz. of brain. A man's brain, it is
+estimated, consists of 300,000,000 nerve cells, of which over 3,000 are
+disintegrated and destroyed every minute. Everyone, therefore, has a new
+brain once in sixty days. But excessive labor, or lack of sleep,
+prevents the repair of the tissues, and the brain gradually wastes away.
+Diversity of occupation, by calling upon different portions of the mind
+or body successively, affords, in some measure, the requisite repose to
+each. But in this age of overwork there is no safety except in that
+perfect rest which is the only natural restorative of exhausted power.
+
+The King James version of the Bible contains 3,566,480 letters, 773,746
+words, 31,173 verses, 1,189 chapters, and 66 books. The word and occurs
+46,277 times. The word Lord occurs 1,855 times. The word Reverend occurs
+but once, which is in the 9th verse of the 111th Psalm. The middle verse
+is the 8th verse of the 118th Psalm. The 21st verse of the 7th chapter
+of Ezra contains all the letters of the alphabet except the letter J.
+The 19th chapter of II Kings and the 37th chapter of Isaiah are alike.
+The longest verse is the 9th verse of the 8th chapter of Esther. The
+shortest verse is the 35th verse of the 11th chapter of St. John. There
+are no words or names of more than six syllables.
+
+
+
+SOME OF NATURE'S WONDERS.
+
+The human body has 240 bones.
+
+Man's heart beats 92,160 times in a day.
+
+A salmon has been known to produce 10,000,000 eggs.  Some female spiders
+produce 2,000 eggs. A queen bee produces 100,000 eggs in a season.
+
+There are 9,000 cells in a square foot of honeycomb.
+
+It requires 2,300 silkworms to produce one pound of silk.
+
+It would take 27,600 spiders to produce one pound of web.
+
+
+
+THE RULE OF THE ROAD.
+
+The "rule of the road" in the United States is "turn to the right"; in
+England it is the reverse. The rule holds in this country in the case
+where two vehicles going in opposite directions meet. When one vehicle
+overtakes another the foremost gives way to the left and the other
+passes by on the "off side"; and when a vehicle is crossing the
+direction of another it keeps to the left and crosses in its rear. These
+two rules are the same in this country as in England, and why the rule
+concerning meeting vehicles should have been changed it is impossible to
+say.
+
+
+
+CANARY BIRDS.
+
+How to Keep Them Healthy and in Good Song.
+
+Place the cage so that no draught of air can strike the bird.
+
+Give nothing to healthy birds but rape, hemp, canary seed, water,
+cuttle-fish bone, and gravel, paper or sand on floor of cage.
+
+A bath three times a week;
+
+The room should not be overheated.
+
+When moulting keep warm and avoid all draughts of air.
+
+Give plenty of German summer rape seed. A little hard-boiled egg mixed
+with cracker, grated fine, once or twice a week, is excellent.
+
+Feed at a certain hour in the morning.
+
+
+Diseases and Cures.
+
+Husk or Asthma.--The curatives are aperients, such as endive, water
+cresses, bread and milk, and red pepper.
+
+Pip.--Mix red pepper, butter and garlic and swab out the throat.
+
+Sweating.--Wash the hen in salt and water, and dry rapidly.
+
+Costiveness.--Plenty of green food and fruit.
+
+Obstruction of the Rump Gland--Pierce with a needle. Press the inflamed
+matter out, and drop fine sugar over the wound.
+
+Lice.--Keep a saucer of fresh water in the cage and the bird will free
+itself.
+
+Overgrown Claws or Beak.--Pare carefully with a sharp knife.
+
+Moulting.--Give plenty of good food and keep warm. Saffron and a rusty
+nail put in the drinking water is excellent.
+
+Loss of Voice.--Feed with paste of bread, lettuce and rape seed with
+yoke of egg. Whisky and sugar is an excellent remedy.
+
+
+
+RECIPES, TRADE SECRETS ETC.
+
+Toothache Cure.--Compound tinct. benzoin is said to be one of the most
+certain and speedy cures for toothache; pour a few drops on cotton, and
+press at once into the diseased cavity, when the pain will almost
+instantly cease.
+
+Toothache Tincture.--Mix tannin, 1 scruple; mastic, 3 grains; ether, 2
+drams. Apply on cotton wool, to the tooth, previously dried.
+
+Charcoal Tooth Paste.--Chlorate of potash, 1/2 dram; mint water, 1
+ounce. Dissolve and add powdered charcoal, 2 ounces; honey, 1 ounce.
+
+Excellent Mouth Wash.--Powdered white Castile soap, 2 drams; alcohol, 3
+ounces; honey, 1 ounce; essence or extract jasmine, 2 drams. Dissolve
+the soap in alcohol and add honey and extract.
+
+Removing Tartar from the Teeth.--This preparation is used by dentists.
+Pure muriatic acid, one ounce; water, one ounce; honey, two ounces; mix
+thoroughly. Take a toothbrush, and wet it freely with this preparation,
+and briskly rub the black teeth, and in a moment's time they will be
+perfectly white; then immediately wash out the mouth well with water,
+that the acid may not act on the enamel of the teeth. This should be
+done only occasionally.
+
+Test for Glue.--The following simple and easy test for glue is given: A
+weighed piece of glue (say one-third of an ounce) is suspended in water
+for twenty-four hours, the temperature of which is not above fifty
+degrees Fahrenheit. The coloring material sinks, and the glue swells
+from the absorption of the water. The glue is then taken out and
+weighed; the greater the increase in weight the better the glue. If it
+then be dried perfectly and weighed again, the weight of the coloring
+matter can be learned from the difference between this and the original
+weight.
+
+Bad Breath.--Bad breath from catarrh, foul stomach or bad teeth may be
+temporarily relieved by diluting a little bromo chloralum with eight or
+ten parts of water, and using it as a gargle, and swallowing a few drops
+before going out. A pint of bromo chloralum costs fifty cents, but a
+small vial will last a long time.
+
+Good Tooth Powder.--Procure, at a druggist's, half an ounce of powdered
+orris root, half an ounce of prepared chalk finely pulverized, and two
+or three small lumps of Dutch pink. Let them all be mixed in a mortar,
+and pounded together. The Dutch pink is to impart a pale reddish color.
+Keep it in a close box.
+
+Another Tooth Powder.--Mix together, in a mortar, half an ounce of red
+Peruvian bark, finely powdered, a quarter of an ounce of powdered myrrh,
+and a quarter of an ounce of prepared chalk.
+
+A Safe Depilatory.--Take a strong solution of sulphuret of barium, and
+add enough finely powdered starch to make a paste. Apply to the roots of
+the hair and allow it to remain on a few minutes, then scrape off with
+the back edge of a knife blade, and rub with sweet oil.
+
+Quick Depilatory for Removing Hair.--Best slaked lime, 6 ounces;
+orpiment, fine powder, 1 ounce. Mix with a covered sieve and preserve in
+a dry place in closely stoppered bottles. In using mix the powder with
+enough water to form a paste, and apply to the hair to be removed. In
+about five minutes, or as soon as its caustic action is felt on the
+skin, remove, as in shaving, with an ivory or bone paper knife, wash
+with cold water freely, and apply cold cream.
+
+Tricopherus for the Hair.--Castor oil, alcohol, each 1 pint; tinct.
+cantharides, 1 ounce; oil bergamot, 1/2 ounce; alkanet coloring, to
+color as wished. Mix and let it stand forty-eight hours, with occasional
+shaking, and then filter.
+
+Liquid Shampoo.--Take bay rum. 2-1/2 pints; water, 1/2 pint; glycerine,
+1 ounce; tinct. cantharides, 2 drams; carbonate of ammonia, 2 drams;
+borax, 1/2 ounce; or take of New England rum, 1-1/2 pints; bay rum, 1
+pint; water, 1/2 pint; glycerine, 1 ounce; tinct. cantharides, 2 drams,
+ammon. carbonate, 2 drams; borax, 1/2 ounce; the salts to be dissolved
+in water and the other ingredients to be added gradually.
+
+Cleaning Hair Brushes.--Put a teaspoonful or dessertspoonful of aqua
+ammonia into a basin half full of water, comb the loose hairs out of the
+brush, then agitate the water briskly with the brush, and rinse it well
+with clear water.
+
+Hair Invigorator.--Bay rum, two pints; alcohol, one pint; castor oil,
+one ounce; carb. ammonia, half an ounce; tincture of cantharides, one
+ounce. Mix them well. This compound will promote the growth of the hair
+and prevent it from falling out.
+
+For Dandruff.--Take glycerine, four ounces; tincture of cantharides,
+five ounces; bay rum, four ounces; water, two ounces. Mix and apply once
+a day, and rub well into the scalp.
+
+Mustache Grower.--Simple cerate, 1 ounce; oil bergamot, 10 minims;
+saturated tinct. of cantharides, 15 minims. Rub them together
+thoroughly, or melt the cerate and stir in the tincture while hot, and
+the oil as soon as it is nearly cold, then run into molds or rolls. To
+be applied as a pomade, rubbing in at the roots of the hair. Care must
+be used not to inflame the skin by too frequent application.
+
+Razor-strop Paste.--Wet the strop with a little sweet oil, and apply a
+little flour of emery evenly over the surface.
+
+Shaving Compound.--Half a pound of plain white soap, dissolved in a
+small quantity of alcohol, as little as can be used; add a tablespoonful
+of pulverized borax. Shave the soap and put it in a small tin basin or
+cup; place it on the fire in a dish of boiling water; when melted, add
+the alcohol, and remove from the fire; stir in oil of bergamot
+sufficient to perfume it.
+
+Cure for Prickly Heat.--Mix a large portion of wheat bran with either
+cold or lukewarm water, and use it as a bath twice or thrice a day.
+Children who are covered with prickly heat in warm weather will be thus
+effectually relieved from that tormenting eruption. As soon as it begins
+to appear on the neck, face or arms, commence using the bran water on
+these parts repeatedly through the day, and it may probably spread no
+farther. If it does, the bran water bath will certainly cure it, if
+persisted in.
+
+To Remove Corns from Between the Toes.--These corns are generally more
+painful than any others, and are frequently situated as to be almost
+inaccessible to the usual remedies. Wetting them several times a day
+with hartshorn will in most cases cure them. Try it.
+
+Superior Cologne Water.--Oil of lavender, two drams; oil of rosemary,
+one dram and a half; orange, lemon and bergamot, one dram each of the
+oil; also two drams of the essence of musk, attar of rose, ten drops,
+and a pint of proof spirit. Shake all together thoroughly three times a
+day for a week.
+
+Inexhaustible Smelling Salts.--Sal tartar, three drams; muriate ammonia,
+granulated, 6 drams; oil neroli. 5 minims; oil lavender flowers, 5
+minims; oil rose, 3 minims; spirits ammonia, 15 minims. Put into the
+pungent a small piece of sponge filling about one-fourth the space, and
+pour on it a due proportion of the oils, then put in the mixed salts
+until the bottle is three-fourths full, and pour on the spirits of
+ammonia in proper proportion and close the bottle.
+
+Volatile Salts for Pungents.--Liquor ammon., 1 pint; oil lavender
+flowers, 1 dram; oil rosemary, fine, 1 dram; oil bergamot, 1/2 dram; oil
+peppermint, 10 minims. Mix thoroughly and fill pungents or keep in well
+stoppered bottle. Another formula is, sesqui-carbonate of ammonia,
+small pieces, 10 ounces; concentrated liq. ammonia, 5 ounces. Put the
+sesqui-carb. in a wide-mouthed jar with air-tight stopper, perfume the
+liquor ammonia to suit and pour over the carbonate; close tightly the
+lid and place in a cool place; stir with a stiff spatula every other day
+for a week, and then keep it closed for two weeks, or until it becomes
+hard, when it is ready for use.
+
+Paste for Papering Boxes.--Boil water and stir in batter of wheat or rye
+flour. Let it boil one minute, take off and strain through a colander.
+Add, while boiling, a little glue or powdered alum. Do plenty of
+stirring while the paste is cooking, and make of consistency that will
+spread nicely.
+
+Aromatic Spirit of Vinegar.--Acetic acid, No. 8. pure, 8 ounces;
+camphor, 1/2 ounce. Dissolve and add oil lemon, oil lavender flowers,
+each two drams; oil cassia, oil cloves, 1/2 dram each. Thoroughly mix
+and keep in well stoppered bottle.
+
+Rose-Water.--Preferable to the distilled for a perfume, or for ordinary
+purposes. Attar of rose, twelve drops; rub it up with half an ounce of
+white sugar and two drams carbonate magnesia, then add gradually one
+quart of water and two ounces of proof spirit, and filter through paper.
+
+
+Bay Rum.--French proof spirit, one gallon; extract bay, six ounces. Mix
+and color with caramel; needs no filtering.
+
+Fine Lavender Water.--Mix together, in a clean bottle, a pint of
+inodorous spirit of wine, an ounce of oil of lavender, a teaspoonful of
+oil of bergamot, and a tablespoonful of oil of ambergris.
+
+The Virtues of Turpentine.--After a housekeeper fully realizes the worth
+of turpentine in the household, she is never willing to be without a
+supply of it. It gives quick relief to burns, it is an excellent
+application for corns, it is good for rheumatism and sore throat, and it
+is the quickest remedy for convulsions or fits. Then it is a sure
+preventive against moths: by just dropping a trifle in the bottom of
+drawers, chests and cupboards, it will render the garments secure from
+injury during the summer. It will keep ants and bugs from closets and
+store-rooms by putting a few drops in the corners and upon the shelves;
+it is sure destruction to bedbugs, and will effectually drive them away
+from their haunts if thoroughly applied to all the joints of the
+bedstead in the spring cleaning time, and injures neither furniture nor
+clothing. A spoonful of it added to a pail of warm water is excellent
+for cleaning paint. A little in suds washing days lightens laundry
+labor.
+
+A Perpetual Paste is a paste that may be made by dissolving an ounce of
+alum in a quart of warm water. When cold, add as much flour as will make
+it the consistency of cream, then stir into it half a teaspoonful of
+powdered resin, and two or three cloves. Boil it to a consistency of
+mush, stirring all the time. It will keep for twelve months, and when
+dry may be softened with warm water.
+
+Paste for Scrap Books.--Take half a teaspoonful of starch, same of
+flour, pour on a little boiling water, let it stand a minute, add more
+water, stir and cook it until it is thick enough to starch a shirt
+bosom. It spreads smooth, sticks well and will not mold or discolor
+paper. Starch alone will make a very good paste.
+
+A Strong Paste.--A paste that will neither decay nor become moldy. Mix
+good clean flour with cold water into a thick paste well blended
+together; then add boiling water, stirring well up until it is of a
+consistency that can be easily and smoothly spread with a brush; add to
+this a spoonful or two of brown sugar, a little corrosive sublimate and
+about half a dozen drops of oil of lavender, and you will have a paste
+that will hold with wonderful tenacity.
+
+A Brilliant Paste.--A brilliant and adhesive paste, adapted to fancy
+articles, may be made by dissolving caseine precipitated from milk by
+acetic acid and washed with pure water in a saturated solution of borax.
+
+A Sugar Paste.--In order to prevent the gum from cracking, to ten parts
+by weight of gum arabic and three parts of sugar add water until the
+desired consistency is obtained. If a very strong paste is required, add
+a quantity of flour equal in weight to the gum, without boiling the
+mixture. The paste improves in strength when it begins to ferment.
+
+Tin Box Cement.--To fix labels to tin boxes either of the following will
+answer: 1. Soften good glue in water, then boil it in strong vinegar,
+and thicken the liquid while boiling with fine wheat flour, so that a
+paste results. 2. Starch paste, with which a little Venice turpentine
+has been incorporated while warm.
+
+Paper and Leather Paste.--Cover four parts, by weight, of glue, with
+fifteen parts of cold water, and allow it to soak for several hours,
+then warm moderately till the solution is perfectly clear, and dilute
+with sixty parts of boiling water, intimately stirred in. Next prepare a
+solution of thirty parts of starch in two hundred parts of cold water,
+so as to form a thin homogeneous liquid, free from lumps, and pour the
+boiling glue solution into it with thorough stirring, and at the same
+time keep the mass boiling.
+
+Commercial Mucilage.--The best quality of mucilage in the market is made
+by dissolving clear glue in equal volumes of water and strong vinegar,
+and adding one-fourth of an equal volume of alcohol, and a small
+quantity of a solution of alum in water. Some of the cheaper
+preparations offered for sale are merely boiled starch or flour, mixed
+with nitric acid to prevent their gelatinizing.
+
+Acid-Proof Paste.--A paste formed by mixing powdered glass with a
+concentrated solution of silicate of soda makes an excellent acid-proof
+cement.
+
+Paste to Fasten Cloth to Wood.--Take a plump pound of wheat flour, one
+tablespoonful of powdered resin, one tablespoonful of finely powdered
+alum, and rub the mixture in a suitable vessel, with water, to a
+uniform, smooth paste; transfer this to a small kettle over a fire, and
+stir until the paste is perfectly homogeneous without lumps. As soon as
+the mass has become so stiff that the stirrer remains upright in it,
+transfer it to another vessel and cover it up so that no skin may form
+on its surface. This paste is applied in a very thin layer to the
+surface of the table; the cloth, or leather, is then laid and pressed
+upon it, and smoothed with a roller. The ends are cut off after drying.
+If leather is to be fastened on, this must first be moistened with
+water. The paste is then applied, and the leather rubbed smooth with a
+cloth.
+
+Paste for Printing Office.--Take two gallons of cold water and one quart
+wheat flour, rub out all the lumps, then add one-fourth pound of finely
+pulverized alum and boil the mixture for ten minutes, or until a thick
+consistency is reached. Now add one quart of hot water and, boil again,
+until the paste becomes a pale brown color, and thick. The paste should
+be well stirred during both processes of cooking. Paste thus made will
+keep sweet for two weeks and prove very adhesive.
+
+To Take Smoke Stains from Walls.--An easy and sure way to remove smoke
+stains from common plain ceilings is to mix wood ashes with the
+whitewash just before applying. A pint of ashes to a small pail of
+whitewash is sufficient, but a little more or less will do no harm.
+
+To Remove Stains from Broadcloth.--Take an ounce of pipe clay, which has
+been ground fine, mix it with twelve drops of alcohol and the same
+quantity of spirits of turpentine. Whenever you wish to remove any
+stains from cloth, moisten a little of this mixture with alcohol and rub
+it on the spots. Let it remain till dry, then rub it off with a woolen
+cloth, and the spots will disappear.
+
+To Remove Red Stains of Fruit from Linen.--Moisten the cloth and hold it
+over a piece of burning sulphur; then wash thoroughly, or else the spots
+may reappear.
+
+To Remove Oil Stains.--Take three ounces of spirits of turpentine and
+one ounce of essence of lemon, mix well, and apply it as you would any
+other scouring drops. It will take out all the grease.
+
+Iron Stains may be removed by the salt of lemons. Many stains may be
+removed by dipping the linen in some buttermilk, and then drying it in a
+hot sun; wash it in cold water; repeat this three or four times.
+
+To Remove Oil Stains from Wood.--Mix together fuller's earth and soap
+lees, and rub it into the boards. Let it dry and then scour it off with
+some strong soft soap and sand, or use lees to scour it with. It should
+be put on hot, which may easily be done by heating the lees.
+
+To Remove Tea Stains.--Mix thoroughly soft soap and salt--say a
+tablespoonful of salt to a teacupful of soap, rub on the spots, and
+spread the cloth on the grass where the sun will shine on it. Let it lie
+two or three days, then wash. If the spots are wet occasionally while
+lying on the grass, it will hasten the bleaching.
+
+To Remove Stains from Muslin.--If you have stained your muslin or
+gingham dress, or similar articles, with berries, before wetting with
+anything else, pour boiling water through the stains and they will
+disappear. Before fruit juice dries it can often be removed by cold
+water, using a sponge and towel if necessary.
+
+To Remove Acid Stains.--Stains caused by acids may be removed by tying
+some pearlash up in the stained part; scrape some soap in cold, soft
+water, and boil the linen until the stain is gone.
+
+To Disinfect Sinks and Drains.--Copperas dissolved in water, one-fourth
+of a pound to a gallon, and poured into a sink and water drain
+occasionally, will keep such places sweet and wholesome. A little
+chloride of lime, say half a pound to a gallon of water, will have the
+same effect, and either of these costs but a trifle.
+
+A preparation may be made at home which will answer about as well as the
+chloride of lime. Dissolve a bushel of salt in a barrel of water, and
+with the salt water slake a barrel of lime, which should be made wet
+enough to form a thin paste or wash.
+
+To Disinfect a Cellar.--A damp, musty cellar may be sweetened by
+sprinkling upon the floor pulverized copperas, chloride of lime, or even
+common lime. The most effective means I have ever used to disinfect
+decaying vegetable matter is chloride of lime in solution. One pound may
+be dissolved in two gallons of water. Plaster of Paris has also been
+found an excellent absorbent of noxious odors. If used one part with
+three parts of charcoal, it will be found still better.
+
+How to Thaw Out a Water Pipe.--Water pipes usually freeze up when
+exposed, for inside the walls, where they cannot be reached, they are or
+should be packed to prevent freezing. To thaw out a frozen pipe, bundle
+a newspaper into a torch, light it, and pass it along the pipe slowly.
+The ice will yield to this much quicker than to hot water or wrappings
+or hot cloths, as is the common practice.
+
+To Prevent Mold.--A small quantity of carbolic acid added to paste,
+mucilage and ink, will prevent mold. An ounce of the acid to a gallon of
+whitewash will keep cellars and dairies from the disagreeable odor which
+often taints milk and meat kept in such places.
+
+Thawing Frozen Gas Pipe.--Mr. F. H. Shelton says: "I took off from over
+the pipe, some four or five inches, just a crust of earth, and then put
+a couple of bushels of lime in the space, poured water over it, and
+slaked it, and then put canvas over that, and rocks on the canvas, so as
+to keep the wind from getting underneath. Next morning, on returning
+there, I found that the frost had been drawn out from the ground for
+nearly three feet. You can appreciate what an advantage that was, for
+picking through frozen ground, with the thermometer below zero, is no
+joke. Since then we have tried it several times. It is an excellent plan
+if you have time enough to let the time work. In the daytime you cannot
+afford to waste the time, but if you have a spare night in which to
+work, it is worth while to try it."
+
+How to Test a Thermometer.--The common thermometer in a japanned iron
+case is usually inaccurate. To test the thermometer, bring water into
+the condition of active boiling, warm the thermometer gradually in the
+steam and then plunge it into the water. If it indicates a fixed
+temperature of two hundred and twelve degrees, the instrument is a good
+one.
+
+Indelible Ink.--An indelible ink that cannot be erased, even with acids,
+can be obtained from the following recipe: To good gall ink add a strong
+solution of Prussian blue dissolved in distilled water. This will form a
+writing fluid which cannot be erased without destruction of the paper.
+The ink will write greenish blue, but afterward will turn black.
+
+To Get a Broken Cork Out of a Bottle.--If, in drawing a cork, it breaks,
+and the lower part falls down into the liquid, tie a long loop in a bit
+of twine, or small cord, and put it in, holding the bottle so as to
+bring the piece of cork near to the lower part of the neck. Catch it in
+the loop, so as to hold it stationary. You can then easily extract it
+with a corkscrew.
+
+A Wash for Cleaning Silver.--Mix together half an ounce of fine salt,
+half an ounce of powdered alum, and half an ounce of cream of tartar.
+Put them into a large white-ware pitcher, and pour on two ounces of
+water, and stir them frequently, till entirely dissolved. Then transfer
+the mixture to clean bottles and cork them closely. Before using it,
+shake the bottles well. Pour some of the liquid into a bowl, and wash
+the silver all over with it, using an old, soft, fine linen cloth. Let
+it stand about ten minutes, and then rub it dry with a buckskin. It will
+make the silver look like new.
+
+To Remove the Odor from a Vial.--The odor of its last contents may be
+removed from a vial by filling it with cold water, and letting it stand
+in any airy place uncorked for three days, changing the water every day.
+
+To Loosen a Glass Stopper.--The manner in which apothecaries loosen
+glass stoppers when there is difficulty in getting them out is to press
+the thumb of the right hand very hard against the lower part of the
+stopper, and then give the stopper a twist the other way, with the thumb
+and forefinger of the left hand, keeping the bottle stiff in a steady
+position.
+
+To Soften Boots and Shoes.--Kerosene will soften boots and shoes which
+have been hardened by water, and render them as pliable as new.
+
+To Remove Stains, Spots, and Mildew from Furniture.--Take half a pint of
+ninety-eight per cent alcohol, a quarter of an ounce each of pulverized
+resin and gum shellac, add half a pint of linseed oil, shake well and
+apply with a brush or sponge. Sweet oil will remove finger marks from
+varnished furniture, and kerosene from oiled furniture.
+
+To Freshen Gilt Frames.--Gilt frames may be revived by carefully dusting
+them, and then washing with one ounce of soda beaten up with the whites
+of three eggs. Scraped patches should be touched up with gold paint.
+Castile soap and water, with proper care, may be used to clean oil
+paintings. Other methods should not be employed without some skill.
+
+To Fill Cracks in Plaster.--Use vinegar instead of water to mix your
+plaster of Paris. The resultant mass will be like putty, and will not
+"set" for twenty or thirty minutes, whereas if you use water the plaster
+will become hard almost immediately, before you have time to use it.
+Push it into the cracks and smooth it off nicely with a table knife.
+
+To Toughen Lamp Chimneys and Glassware.--Immerse the article in a pot
+filled with cold water, to which some common salt has been added. Boil
+the water well, then cool slowly. Glass treated in this way will resist
+any sudden change of temperature.
+
+To Remove Paint from Window-Glass.--Rub it well with hot, sharp vinegar.
+
+To Clean Stovepipe.--A piece of zinc put on the live coals in the stove
+will clean out the stovepipe.
+
+To Brighten Carpets.--Carpets after the dust has been beaten out may be
+brightened by scattering upon them cornmeal mixed with salt and then
+sweeping it off. Mix salt and meal in equal proportions. Carpets should
+be thoroughly beaten on the wrong side first and then on the right side,
+after which spots may be removed by the use of ox-gall or ammonia and
+water.
+
+To Keep Flowers Fresh exclude them from the air. To do this wet them
+thoroughly, put in a damp box, and cover with wet raw cotton or wet
+newspaper, then place in a cool spot. To preserve bouquets, put a little
+saltpetre in the water you use for your bouquets, and the flowers will
+live for a fortnight.
+
+To Preserve Brooms.--Dip them for a minute or two in a kettle of boiling
+suds once a week and they will last much longer, making them tough and
+pliable. A carpet wears much longer swept with a broom cared for in this
+manner.
+
+To Clean Brassware.--Mix one ounce of oxalic acid, six ounces of rotten
+stone, all in powder, one ounce of sweet oil, and sufficient water to
+make a paste. Apply a small proportion, and rub dry with a flannel or
+leather. The liquid dip most generally used consists of nitric and
+sulphuric acids, but this is more corrosive.
+
+To Keep Out Mosquitoes.--If a bottle of the oil of pennyroyal is left
+uncorked in a room at night, not a mosquito, nor any other blood-sucker,
+will be found there in the morning.
+
+To Kill Cockroaches.--A teacupful of well bruised plaster of Paris,
+mixed with double the quantity of oatmeal, to which a little sugar may
+be added, although this last named ingredient is not essential. Strew it
+on the floor, or into the chinks where they frequent.
+
+To Destroy Ants.--Drop some quicklime on the mouth of their nest, and
+wash it with boiling water, or dissolve some camphor in spirits of wine,
+then mix with water, and pour into their haunts; or tobacco water, which
+has been found effectual. They are averse to strong scents. Camphor, or
+a sponge saturated with creosote, will prevent their infesting a
+cupboard. To prevent their climbing up trees, place a ring of tar about
+the trunk, or a circle of rag moistened occasionally with creosote.
+
+To Prevent Moths.--In the month of April or May, beat your fur garments
+well with a small cane or elastic stick, then wrap them up in linen,
+without pressing them too hard, and put betwixt the folds some camphor
+in small lumps; then put your furs in this state in boxes well closed.
+When the furs are wanted for use, beat them well as before, and expose
+them for twenty-four hours to the air, which will take away the smell of
+the camphor. If the fur has long hair, as bear or fox, add to the
+camphor an equal quantity of black pepper in powder.
+
+To Get Rid of Moths--
+1. Procure shavings of cedar wood, and inclose in muslin bags, which can
+be distributed freely among the clothes.
+
+2. Procure shavings of camphor wood, and inclose in bags.
+
+3. Sprinkle pimento (allspice) berries among the clothes.
+
+4. Sprinkle the clothes with the seeds of the musk plant.
+
+5. To destroy the eggs, when deposited in woolen cloths, etc., use a
+solution of acetate of potash in spirits of rosemary, fifteen grains to
+the pint.
+
+
+Bed Bugs.--Spirits of naphtha rubbed with a small painter's brush into
+every part of the bedstead is a certain way of getting rid of bugs. The
+mattress and binding of the bed should be examined, and the same process
+attended to, as they generally harbor more in these parts than in the
+bedstead. Ten cents' worth of naphtha is sufficient for one bed.
+
+Bug Poison.--Proof spirit, one pint; camphor, two ounces; oil of
+turpentine, four ounces; corrosive sublimate, one ounce. Mix. A
+correspondent says: "I have been for a long time troubled with bugs, and
+never could get rid of them by any clean and expeditious method, until a
+friend told me to suspend a small bag of camphor to the bed, just in the
+center, overhead. I did so, and the enemy was most effectually repulsed,
+and has not made his appearance since--not even for a reconnoissance!"
+This is a simple method of getting rid of these pests, and is worth a
+trial to see if it be effectual in other cases.
+
+Mixture for Destroying Flies--Infusion of quassia, one pint; brown
+sugar, four ounces; ground pepper, two ounces. To be well mixed
+together, and put in small, shallow dishes when required.
+
+To Destroy Flies in a room, take half a teaspoonful of black pepper in
+powder, one teaspoonful of brown sugar, and one tablespoonful of cream,
+mix them well together, and place them in the room on a plate, where the
+flies are troublesome, and they will soon disappear.
+
+To Drive Flies from the House.--A good way to rid the house of flies is
+to saturate small cloths with oil of sassafras and lay them in windows
+and doors. The flies will soon leave.
+
+Aging Oak.--Strong ammonia fumes may be used for aging oak. Place the
+piece to be fumed, with an evaporating dish containing concentrated
+ammonia, in a box, and close it airtight. Leave for 12 hours and finish
+with a wax polish, applying first a thin coat of paraffine oil and then
+rubbing with a pomade of prepared wax made as follows: Two ounces each
+of yellow and white beeswax heated over a slow fire in a clean vessel
+(agate ware is good) until melted. Add 4 oz. turpentine and stir till
+entirely cool. Keep the turpentine away from the fire. This will give
+the oak a lustrous brown color, and nicking will not expose a different
+surface, as the ammonia fumes penetrate to a considerable depth.
+
+
+
+OPPORTUNITY.
+
+They do me wrong who say I come no more
+  When once I've knocked and failed to find you in;
+For every day I stand outside your door,
+  And bid you wake and ride, to fight and win.
+
+Wail not for precious chances passed away,
+  Weep not for golden ages on the wane;
+Each night I burn the records of the day;
+  At sunrise every soul is born again.
+
+Laugh like a boy at splendors that have sped;
+  To vanished hopes be blind and deaf and dumb;
+My judgments seal the dead past with its dead,
+  But never bind a moment yet to come.
+
+Though deep in mire, wring not your hands and weep:
+  I lend my arm to all who say. "I can."
+No shamefaced outcast ever sank so deep
+  But yet might rise and be again a man!
+
+Dost thou behold thy lost youth all aghast?
+  Dost reel from righteous retribution's blow?
+Then turn from blotted archives of the past.
+  And find the future's pages white as snow.
+
+Art thou a mourner? Rouse thee from thy spell!
+  Art thou a sinner? Sins may be forgiven;
+Each morning gives thee wings to flee from hell.
+  Each night a star to guide to Heaven!
+                                        --Walter Maloney.
+
+
+
+WEIGHTS AND MEASURES
+
+Troy Weight.--24 grains make 1 pennyweight, 20 pennyweights make 1
+ounce. By this weight, gold, silver and jewels only are weighed. The
+ounce and pound in this are same as in Apothecaries' weight.
+
+Apothecaries' Weight.--20 grains make one scruple. 3 scruples make 1
+dram. 8 drams make 1 ounce, l2 ounces make 1 pound.
+
+Avoirdupois Weight.--6 drams make 1 ounce, 16 ounces make 1 pound, 25
+pounds make 1 quarter, 4 quarters make 1 hundredweight, 2,000 pounds
+make 1 ton.
+
+Dry Measure.--2 pints make 1 quart, 8 quarts make 1 peck, 4 pecks make 1
+bushel, 36 bushels make 1 chaldron.
+
+Liquid or Wine Measure.--4 gills make 1 pint, 2 pints make 1 quart, 4
+quarts make 1 gallon. 31-1/2 gallons make 1 barrel, 2 barrels make 1
+hogshead.
+
+Time Measure.--60 seconds make 1 minute, 60 minutes make 1 hour, 24
+hours make 1 day, 7 days make 1 week, 4 weeks make 1 lunar month, 28,
+29, 30 or 31 days make 1 calendar month (30 days make 1 month in
+computing interest). 52 weeks and 1 day, or 12 calendar months make a
+year; 365 days, 5 hours, 48 minutes and 49 seconds make 1 solar year.
+
+Circular Measure.--60 seconds make 1 minute, 60 minutes make 1 degree,
+30 degrees make 1 sign, 90 degrees make 1 quadrant, 4 quadrants or 360
+degrees make 1 circle.
+
+Long Measure.--Distance--3 barleycorns  1 inch, 12 inches 1 foot. 3 feet
+1 yard. 5-1/2 yards 1 rod, 40 rods 1 furlong, 8 furlongs 1 mile.
+
+Cloth Measure.--2-1/2 inches 1 nail, 4 nails 1 quarter, 4 quarters 1
+yard.
+
+Miscellaneous.--3 inches 1 palm, 4 inches 1 hand, 9 inches  1 span, 18
+inches 1 cubit, 21.8 inches 1 Bible cubit. 2-1/2 feet 1 military pace.
+
+Square Measure.--144 square inches 1 square foot, 9 square feet 1 square
+yard, 30-1/4 square yards 1 square rod, 40 square rods 1 rood, 4 roods 1
+acre.
+
+Surveyors' Measure.--7.92 inches 1 link, 25 links 1 rod, 4 rods 1 chain,
+10 square chains or 160 square rods 1 acre, 640 acres 1 square mile.
+
+Cubic Measure.--l,728 cubic inches 1 cubic foot. 27 cubic feet 1 cubic
+yard, 128 cubic feet 1 cord (wood), 40 cubic feet 1 ton (shipping),
+2,150.42 cubic inches 1 standard bushel, 268.8 cubic inches 1 standard
+gallon, 1 cubic foot four-fifths of a bushel.
+
+Metric Weights.--10 milligrams 1 centigram, 10 centigrams 1 decigram, 10
+decigrams 1 gram, 10 grams 1 dekagram, 10 dekagrams 1 hektogram, 10
+hektograms 1 kilogram.
+
+Metric Measure.--(One milliliter--Cubic centimeter).--10 milliliters 1
+centiliter, 10 centiliters 1 deciliter, 10 deciliters 1 liter, 10 liters
+1 dekaliter, 10 dekaliters 1 hektoliter, 10 hektoliters 1 kiloliter.
+
+Metric Lengths.--10 millimeters 1 centimeter, 10 centimeters 1
+decimeter, 10 decimeters 1 meter, 10 meters 1 dekameter, 10 dekameters 1
+hektometer, 10 hektometers 1 kilometer.
+
+
+
+Relative Value of Apothecaries' and Imperial Measure.
+
+                       Apothecaries'.    Imperial.
+                       pints  ounces    drams  minims
+
+1 gallon equals          6      13        2      23
+1 pint equals                   16        5      18
+1 fluid ounce equals             1        0      20
+1 fluid dram equals                       1       2-1/2
+
+
+
+Handy Metric Table.
+
+The following table gives the equivalents of both the metric and common
+systems, and will be found convenient for reference:
+
+                                   Approximate                 Accurate
+                                   Equivalent.                Equivalent.
+1 inch  [length]                    2-1/2 cubic centimeters     2.539
+1 centimeter                        0.4 inch                    0.393
+1 yard                              1 meter                     0.914
+1 meter (39.37 inches)              l yard                      1.093
+1 foot                             30 centimeters              30.479
+1 kilometer (1,000 meters)         5/8 mile                     0.621
+1 mile                            1-1/2 kilometers              1.600
+1 gramme [weight]                15-1/2 grains                 15.432
+1 grain                           0.064 gramme                  0.064
+1 kilogramme (1,000 grammes)      2.2 pounds avoirdupois.       2.204
+1 pound avoirdupois               1/2 kilogramme                0.453
+1 ounce avoirdupois (437-1/2 grains)   28-1/3 grammes          28.349
+1 ounce troy, or apothecary (480 grains)   31 grammes          31.103
+1 cubic centimeter [bulk]         1.06 cubic inch.              0.060
+1 cubic inch                    16-1/3 cubic centimeters       16.386
+1 liter (1,000 cubic centimeters).  1 United States standard quart   0.946
+1 United States quart.              1 liter                     1.057
+1 fluid ounce                   29-1/2 cubic centimeters       29.570
+1 hectare (10,000 square meters) [surface]   2-1/2 acres        2.471
+1 acre                            0.4 hectare                   0.40
+
+[Transcriber's noted: 1 inch is about 2-1/2 centimeters, not cubic
+centimeters. 1 cubic centimeter is about 0.06102 cubic inch (not 1.06).]
+
+
+
+HANDY WEIGHTS AND MEASURES.
+
+One quart of wheat flour is one pound. One quart of corn meal weighs
+eighteen ounces. One quart of butter, soft, weighs 14 to 16 ounces. One
+quart of brown sugar weighs from a pound to a pound and a quarter,
+according to dampness. One quart of white sugar weighs 2 pounds. Ten
+medium-sized eggs weigh one pound. A tablespoonful of salt is one ounce.
+Eight tablespoonfuls make 1 gill. Two gills, or 16 tablespoonfuls, are
+half a pint. Sixty drops are one teaspoonful. Four tablespoonfuls are
+one wineglassful. Twelve tablespoonfuls are one teacupful. Sixteen
+tablespoonfuls or half a pint, are one tumblerful.
+
+The Meaning of Measures.--A square mile is equal to 640 acres. A square
+acre is 208.71 feet on one side. An acre is 43,560 square feet. A
+league, 3 miles. A span, 10-7/8 inches. A hand, 4 inches. A palm, 3
+inches. A great cubit, 11 inches. A fathom, 6 feet. A mile, 5,280 feet.
+
+Domestic and Drop Measures Approximated.--A teaspoonful, one fluid dram
+4 grams; a dessertspoonful, two fluid drams 3 grams; a tablespoonful,
+half fluid ounce 16 grams; a wineglassful, two fluid ounces 64 grams; a
+tumblerful, half pint 256 grams.
+
+
+
+TO TELL THE AGE OF ANY PERSON.
+
+Hand this table to a young lady, and request her to tell you in which
+column or columns her age is contained, and add together the figures at
+the top of the columns in which her age is found, and you have the
+secret. Thus, suppose her age to be seventeen, you will find that number
+in the first and fifth columns: add the first figures of these two
+columns.
+
+ 1    2    4    8   16   32
+ 3    3    5    9   17   33
+ 5    6    6   10   18   34
+ 7    7    7   11   l9   35
+ 9   10   12   12   20   36
+11   11   13   13   21   37
+13   14   14   14   22   38
+15   15   15   15   23   39
+17   18   20   24   24   40
+19   19   21   25   25   41
+21   22   22   26   26   41
+23   23   23   27   27   43
+25   26   28   28   28   44
+27   27   29   29   29   45
+29   30   30   30   30   46
+31   31   31   31   31   47
+33   34   36   40   48   48
+35   35   37   41   49   49
+37   38   38   42   50   50
+39   39   39   43   51   51
+41   42   44   44   52   52
+43   43   45   45   53   53
+45   46   46   46   54   54
+47   47   47   47   55   55
+49   50   52   56   56   56
+51   51   53   57   57   57
+53   54   54   58   58   58
+55   55   55   59   59   59
+57   58   60   60   60   60
+59   59   61   61   61   61
+61   62   62   62   62   62
+63   63   63   63   63   63
+
+
+
+DR. SPURZHEIM'S PHRENOLOGY.
+
+The first claim put forth by the teachers and professional demonstrators
+of phrenology makes it a system of mental philosophy, besides at the
+same time presenting a much more popular aspect as a method whereby the
+disposition, character and natural aptitude of the individual may be
+ascertained.
+
+[Illustration: Side and front view of a head, with several numbered
+areas above the eyes and ears.]
+
+These two features of the subject are quite distinct from each other,
+for, while it can serve as a reliable guide for reading character only
+on the assumption of its truth as a philosophic system, yet the
+possibility of its practical application does not necessarily follow
+from the establishment of the truth of its theoretical side.
+
+Two of the earliest founders of the science of anatomy, Erasistratus and
+Herophilus, who lived in the age of Ptolemy Soter, taught that the brain
+was the seat of sensation and intellect, and that there was therein a
+certain degree of localization of function. Galen later taught that the
+brain is the seat of the soul and intellect. From these facts of history
+the system of phrenology, though formulated by Dr. Gall, Dr. Spurzheim,
+the Fowler Brothers and others, rests upon deductions derived from the
+teachings of the demonstrators of anatomy and students of philosophy.
+
+The formulated system of phrenology is very generally believed to be a
+modern expansion of an old empirical philosophy, but, according to Dr.
+Gall's account, it arose with him as the result of independent
+observations. The popularity of phrenology has waned in the public mind,
+and cultivation of the system is confined to a few enthusiasts, such as
+pose as teachers of it as a vocation. These claim that phrenology is a
+practical and important science and that it rests upon the following
+principles:
+
+First--That the human brain is the organ of the mind.
+
+Second--That the mental powers of man can be analyzed into a definite
+number of measurably independent faculties.
+
+Third--That these faculties are innate, and each has its seat in a
+definite region of the brain.
+
+Fourth--That the size of each of these regions is the measure of the
+power of manifesting the faculty associated with it.
+
+The faculties and their localities, as originally constructed by Dr.
+Gall, were for the most part identified on slender grounds. His
+procedure was as follows: Having selected the place of a faculty, he
+examined the heads of his friends and casts of persons with that
+peculiarity in common, and in them sought for the distinctive feature of
+their characteristic trait. Some of his earlier studies were among low
+associates in jails and lunatic asylums, and some of the qualities
+located by him were such as tend to perversion to crime. These he named
+after their excessive manifestations, and thus mapped out organs of
+theft, murder, etc. This, however, caused the system to be discredited.
+Later his pupil, Dr. Spurzheim, claimed that the moral and religious
+features belonging to it greatly modified these characteristics of Dr.
+Gall's work. The chart of the human head as invented by Dr. Gall
+represented 26 organs; the chart as improved by Dr. Spurzheim makes out
+35 organs. This is the chart now generally used and which is shown on a
+preceding page. The number specifies the location of each organ, which
+is followed by its phrenological name, and classified as follows:
+
+Propensities. (1) Amativeness. (2) Philoprogenitiveness. (3)
+Concentrativeness. (4) Adhesiveness. (5) Combativeness. (6)
+Destructiveness. (6a) Alimentiveness. (7) Secretiveness. (8)
+Acquisitiveness. (9) Constructiveness.
+
+Lower Sentiments. (10) Self-esteem. (11) Love of Approbation. (12)
+Cautiousness.
+
+Superior Sentiments. (13) Benevolence. (14) Veneration. (15)
+Conscientiousness. (16) Firmness. (17) Hope. (18) Wonder. (19) Ideality.
+(20) Wit. (21) Imitation.
+
+Perceptive Faculties. (22) Individuality. (23) Form. (24) Size. (25)
+Weight. (26) Color. (27) Locality. (28) Number. (29) Order. (30)
+Eventuality. (31) Time. (32) Tune. (33) Language.
+
+Reflective Faculties. (34) Comparison. (35) Causality. The judgment of
+the phrenologist is determined by the size of the brain in general, and
+by the size of the organs that have been formulated, and these are
+estimated by certain arbitrary rules that render the boundaries of the
+regions indefinite.
+
+The controversy over phrenology has served undoubtedly the very useful
+purpose of stimulating research into the anatomy of the brain.
+
+It is generally conceded that any psychological theory which correlates
+brain-action and mental phenomena requires a correspondence between the
+size of the brain and mental power, and generally observation shows that
+the brains of those whose capacities are above the average are larger
+than those of the general run of their fellow men.
+
+A study of the cuts and comparison of the sizes of different heads and
+their shape will prove very entertaining with most any group of persons
+intellectually inclined, and it will be found that persons who are
+naturally good readers by instinct of human nature can, with its help,
+make remarkable readings in the delineation of character.
+
+
+
+PRINCIPLES OF PARLIAMENTARY LAW.
+
+List of Motions Arranged According to Their Purpose and Effect.
+
+[Letters refer to the rules below.]
+
+Modifying or amending.
+  8. To amend or to substitute, or to divide the question     K
+
+To refer to committee.
+  7. To commit (or recommit)                                  D
+
+Deferring action.
+  6. To postpone to a fixed time.                             C
+  4. To lay on the table                                  A E G
+
+Suppressing or extending debate
+  5.  For the previous question                           A E M
+      To limit, or close debate                             A M
+      To extend limits of debate.                             A
+
+Suppressing the question.
+      Objection to consideration of question            A H M N
+  9. To postpone indefinitely.                              D E
+  4. To lay upon the table.                               A E G
+
+To bring up a question the second time.
+  To reconsider--
+     Debatable question                                 D E F I
+     Undebatable question                               A E F I
+
+Concerning orders, rules, etc.
+  3. For the orders of the day.                         A E H N
+     To make subject a special order                          M
+     To amend the rules                                       M
+     To suspend the rules                               A E F M
+     To take up a question out of its proper order          A E
+     To take from the table                               A E G
+     Questions touching priority of business                  A
+
+Questions of privilege.
+     Asking leave to continue speaking after indecorum        A
+     Appeal from chair's decision touching indecorum    A E H L
+     Appeal from chair's decision generally.              E H L
+     Question upon reading of papers.                       A E
+     Withdrawal of a motion.                                A E
+
+Closing a meeting.
+  2. To adjourn (in committees, to rise),
+     or to take a recess, without limitation              A E F
+  1. To fix the time to which to adjourn                      B
+
+
+Order of Precedence--The motions above numbered 1 to 9 take precedence
+over all others in the order of the numbers, and anyone of them, except
+to amend or substitute, is in order while a motion of a lower rank is
+pending.
+
+Rule A--Undebatable, but remarks may be tacitly allowed.
+
+Rule B--Undebatable if another question is before the assembly.
+
+Rule C--Limited debate allowed on propriety of postponement only.
+
+Rule D--Opens the main question to debate. Motions not so marked do not
+allow of reference to main question.
+
+Rule E--Cannot be amended. Motion to adjourn can be amended when there
+is no other business before the house.
+
+Rule F--Cannot be reconsidered.
+
+Rule G--An affirmative vote cannot be reconsidered,
+
+Rule H--In order when another has the floor.
+
+Rule I--A motion to reconsider may be moved and entered when another has
+the floor, but the business then before the house may not be set aside.
+This motion can only be entertained when made by one who voted
+originally with the prevailing side. When called up it takes precedence
+of all others which may come up, excepting only motions relating to
+adjournment.
+
+Rule K--A motion to amend an amendment cannot be amended.
+
+Rule L--When an appeal from the chair's decision results in a tie vote,
+the chair is sustained.
+
+Rule M--Requires a two-thirds vote unless special rules have been
+enacted.
+
+Rule N--Does not require to be seconded.
+
+General Rules.
+
+No motion is open for discussion until it has been stated by the chair.
+
+The maker of a motion cannot modify it or withdraw it after it has been
+stated by the chair except by general consent.
+
+Only one reconsideration of a question is permitted.
+
+A motion to adjourn, to lay on the table, or to take from the table,
+cannot be renewed unless some other motion has been made in the
+interval.
+
+On motion to strike out the words, "Shall the words stand part of the
+motion?" unless a majority sustains the words, they are struck out.
+
+On motion for previous question, the form to be observed is, "Shall the
+main question be now put?" This, if carried, ends debate.
+
+On an appeal from the chair's decision, "Shall the decision be sustained
+as the ruling of the house?" The chair is generally sustained.
+
+On motion for orders of the day, "Will the house now proceed to the
+orders of the day?" This, if carried, supersedes intervening motions.
+
+When an objection is raised to considering questions, "Shall the
+question be considered?" Objections may be made by any member before
+debate has commenced, but not subsequently.
+
+
+
+LETTER COMBINATIONS.
+
+When King Stanislaus of Poland, then a young man, came back from a
+journey, the whole Lescinskian House gathered together at Lissa to
+receive him. The schoolmaster, Jablowsky, prepared a festival in
+commemoration of the event, and had it end with a ballet performed by
+thirteen students, dressed as cavaliers. Each had a shield, upon which
+one of the letters of the words "Domus Lescinia" (The Lescinskian House)
+was written in gold. After the first dance, they stood in such a manner
+that their shields read "Domus Lescinia"; after the second dance, they
+changed order, making it read, "Ades incolumnis" (Unharmed art thou
+here); after the third. "Mane sidus loci" (Continue the star of this
+place); after the fourth, "Sis coumna Dei" (Be a pillar of God); and
+finally, "I! scade solium!" (Go! ascend the throne). Indeed, these two
+words allow of 1,556,755,200 transpositions; yet that five of them
+convey independent and appropriate meanings is certainly very curious.
+
+
+
+POINTS OF CRIMINAL LAW.
+
+You cannot lawfully condone an offence by receiving back stolen
+property,
+
+The exemption of females from arrest applies only in civil, not in
+criminal matters.
+
+Every man is bound to obey the call of a sheriff for assistance in
+making an arrest.
+
+The rule "Every man's house is his castle" does not hold good when a man
+is accused of crime.
+
+Embezzlement can be charged only against a clerk or servant, or the
+officer or agent of a corporation.
+
+Bigamy cannot be proven in law if one party to a marriage has been
+absent and not heard from for five years.
+
+Grand larceny is when the value of property stolen exceeds $25.00--When
+less than that, the offence is petit larceny.
+
+Arson to be in the first degree must have been committed at night and
+the buildings fired must have been inhabited.
+
+Drunkenness is not a legal excuse for crime, but delirium tremens is
+considered by the law as a species of insanity.
+
+In a case of assault it is only necessary to prove an "offer or attempt
+at assault."
+
+Battery presumes physical violence.
+
+Mayhem, although popularly supposed to refer to injury to the face, lip,
+tongue, eye, or ear, applies to any injury done a limb.
+
+A felony is a crime punishable by imprisonment in a State prison; an
+"infamous" crime is one punishable with death or State prison.
+
+A police officer is not authorized to make an arrest without a warrant
+unless he has personal knowledge of the offense for which the arrest is
+made.
+
+An accident is not a crime, unless criminal carelessness can be proven.
+A man shooting at a burglar and killing a member of his family is not a
+murderer.
+
+Burglary in the first degree can be committed only in the night time.
+Twilight, if dark enough to prevent distinguishing a man's face, is the
+same as "night" in law.
+
+Murder to be in the first degree must be willful, premeditated and
+malicious, or committed while the murderer is engaged in a felonious
+act. The killing of a man in a duel is murder, and it is a misdemeanor
+to accept or give a challenge.
+
+False swearing is perjury in law only when willfully done, and when the
+oath has been legally administered. Such qualifying expressions as "to
+the best of my belief," "as I am informed," may save an averment from
+being perjured. The law is that the false statement sworn to must be
+absolute. Subornation of perjury is a felony.
+
+
+
+TO TELL PURE WATER.
+
+The color, odor, taste and purity of water can be ascertained as
+follows: Fill a large bottle made of colorless glass with water; look
+through the water at some black object. Pour out some of the water and
+leave the bottle half full; cork the bottle and place it for a few hours
+in a warm place; shake up the water, remove the cork, and critically
+smell the air contained in the bottle. If it has any smell, particularly
+if the odor is repulsive, the water should not be used for domestic
+purposes. By heating the water an odor is evolved that would not
+otherwise appear. Water fresh from the well is usually tasteless, even
+if it contains a large amount of putrescible organic matter. All water
+for domestic purposes should be perfectly tasteless, and remain so even
+after it has been warmed, since warming often develops a taste in water
+which is tasteless when cold.
+
+
+
+HAND GRENADES.
+
+Take chloride of calcium, crude, 20 parts; common salt, 5 parts; and
+water, 75 parts. Mix and put in thin bottles. In case of fire, a bottle
+so thrown that it will break in or very near the fire will put it out.
+This mixture is better and cheaper than many of the high-priced
+grenades sold for the purpose of fire protection.
+
+
+
+HOW TO GET RID OF RATS.
+
+Get a piece of lead pipe and use it as a funnel to introduce about 1-1/2
+ounces of sulphite of potassium into any outside holes tenanted by rats.
+Not to be used in dwellings. To get rid of mice use tartar emetic
+mingled with any favorite food; they will eat, sicken and take their
+leave.
+
+
+
+FRIENDLY ADVICE ON MANY SUBJECTS.
+
+Tomato in Bright's Disease.
+
+When Thomas Jefferson brought the tomato from France to America,
+thinking that if it could be induced to grow bountifully it might make
+good feed for hogs, he little dreamed of the benefit he was conferring
+upon posterity. A constant diet of raw tomatoes and skim-milk is said to
+be a certain cure for Bright's disease. Gen. Schenck, who, when Minister
+to England, became a victim to that complaint, was restored to health by
+two years of this regimen.
+
+
+Relief for Asthma.
+
+An old friend of the editor of this book writes: "I have been a sufferer
+from asthma for twenty-five years, and for more than a dozen years have
+used the following recipe with great benefit. It is not a cure, but in
+my case gives almost instant relief. Take equal parts of powdered
+stramonium leaves and powdered belladonna leaves and mix thoroughly; to
+each ten ounces of the mixture add one ounce of powdered saltpeter
+(nitrate of potash); mix all thoroughly. I always keep some of this in a
+small tin box. When I wish to use it I pour a little of the powder into
+the cover of the box, light it with a match, cover the whole with a
+little paper cone with the point cut off. I place the point of the cone
+in my mouth, and breathe the smoke into my lungs with the air. The first
+trial is very hard; it almost strangles, but if persevered in will give
+great relief. This is much better than stramonium alone. The saltpeter
+makes it burn freely, and also helps to give relief. When my home was in
+Northern Indiana, I used to buy the leaves in Chicago already powdered.
+Now I send to New York. I find it cheaper to do this than to gather and
+dry the leaves. It is also almost impossible to dry and pulverize the
+leaves at home. By using a paper cone and breathing through it, little
+or no smoke is wasted, and the box and paper can be carried in the
+pocket and used as occasion requires."
+
+
+For Swollen Feet.
+
+Policemen, mail carriers, and others whose occupation keeps them on
+their feet a great deal, often are troubled with chafed, sore and
+blistered feet, especially in extremely hot weather, no matter how
+comfortably their shoes may lit. A powder is used in the German army for
+sifting into the shoes and stockings of the foot soldiers, called
+"Fusstreupulver," and consists of 3 parts salicylic acid, 10 parts
+starch and 87 parts pulverized soapstone.
+
+
+Rules for Fat People and for Lean.
+
+To increase the weight: Eat to the extent of satisfying; a natural
+appetite, of fat meats, butter, cream, milk, cocoa, chocolate, bread,
+potatoes, peas, parsnips, carrots, beets, farinaceous foods, as Indian
+corn, rice, tapioca, sago, corn starch, pastry, custards, oatmeal,
+sugar, sweet wines, and ale. Avoid acids. Exercise as little as
+possible, and sleep all you can.
+
+To reduce the weight: Eat to the extent of satisfying a natural
+appetite, of lean meat, poultry, game, eggs, milk moderately, green
+vegetables, turnips, succulent fruits, tea or coffee. Drink lime juice,
+lemonade, and acid drinks. Avoid fat, butter, cream, sugar, pastry,
+rice, sago, tapioca, corn starch, potatoes, carrots, beets, parsnips,
+and sweet wines.
+
+
+When Quinine Will Break Up a Cold.
+
+It is surprising, says a family physician, how certainly a cold may be
+broken up by a timely dose of quinine. When first symptoms make their
+appearance, when a little languor, slight hoarseness and ominous
+tightening of the nasal membranes follow exposure to draughts or sudden
+chill by wet, five grains of this useful alkaloid are sufficient in many
+cases to end the trouble. But it must be done promptly. If the golden
+moment passes, nothing suffices to stop the weary sneezing,
+handkerchief-using, red-nose and woe begone looking periods that
+certainly follow.
+
+
+A Mistaken Idea.
+
+The old adage. "Feed a cold and starve a fever." is characterized by the
+Journal of Health as very silly advice. If anything, the reverse would
+be nearer right. When a person has a severe cold it is best for him to
+eat very lightly, especially during the first few days of the attack.
+
+
+Hints on Bathing.
+
+There has been a great deal written about bathing. The surface of the
+skin is punctured with millions of little holes called pores. The duty
+of these pores is to carry the waste matter off. For instance,
+perspiration. Now, if these pores are stopped up they are of no use, and
+the body has to find some other way to get rid of its impurities. Then
+the liver has more than it can do. Then we take a liver pill when we
+ought to clean out the pores instead. The housewife is very particular
+to keep her sieves in good order; after she has strained a substance
+through them they are washed out carefully with water, because water is
+the best thing known. That is the reason water is used to bathe in. But
+the skin is a little different from a sieve, because it is willing to
+help along the process itself. All it needs is a little encouragement
+and it will accomplish wonders. What the skin wants is rubbing. If you
+should quietly sit down in a tub of water and as quietly get up and dry
+off without rubbing, your skin wouldn't be much benefited. The water
+would make it a little soft, especially if it was warm. But rubbing is
+the great thing. Stand where the sunlight strikes a part of your body,
+then take a dry brush and rub it, and you will notice that countless
+little flakes of cuticle fly off. Every time one of these flakes is
+removed from the skin your body breathes a sigh of relief. An eminent
+German authority contends that too much bathing is a bad thing. There is
+much truth in this. Soap and water are good things to soften up the
+skin, but rubbing is what the skin wants. Every morning or every
+evening, or when it is most convenient, wash the body all over with
+water and a little ammonia, or anything which tends to make the water
+soft; then rub dry with a towel, and after that go over the body from
+top to toe with a dry brush. Try this for two or three weeks, and your
+skin will be like velvet.
+
+
+Tea and Coffee.
+
+Tea is a nerve stimulant, pure and simple, acting like alcohol in this
+respect, without any value that the latter may possess as a retarder of
+waste. It has a special influence upon those nerve centers that supply
+will power, exalting their sensibility beyond normal activity, and may
+even produce hysterical symptoms, if carried far enough. Its active
+principle, theine, is an exceedingly powerful drug, chiefly employed by
+nerve specialists as a pain destroyer, possessing the singular quality
+of working toward the surface. That is to say, when a dose is
+administered hypodermically for sciatica, for example, the narcotic
+influence proceeds outward from the point of injection, instead of
+inward toward the centers, as does that of morphia, atropia, etc. Tea is
+totally devoid of nutritive value, and the habit of drinking it to
+excess, which so many American women indulge in, particularly in the
+country, is to be deplored as a cause of our American nervousness.
+Coffee, on the contrary, is a nerve food. Like other concentrated foods
+of its class, it operates as a stimulant also, but upon a different set
+of nerves from tea. Taken strong in the morning, it often produces
+dizziness and that peculiar visual symptom of overstimulus which is
+called muscae volilantes--dancing flies. But this is an improper way to
+take it, and rightly used it is perhaps the most valuable liquid
+addition to the morning meal. Its active principle, caffeine, differs in
+all physiological respects from theine, while it is chemically very
+closely allied, and its limited consumption makes it impotent for harm.
+
+
+To Straighten Round Shoulders.
+
+A stooping figure and a halting gait, accompanied by the unavoidable
+weakness of lungs incidental to a narrow chest, may be entirely cured by
+the very simple and easily-performed exercise of raising one's self
+upon the toes leisurely in a perpendicular position several times daily.
+To take this exercise properly one must take a perfectly upright
+position. With the heels together and the toes at an angle of forty-five
+degrees. Then drop the arms lifelessly by the sides, animating and
+raising the chest to its full capacity and muscularity, the chin well
+drawn in, and the crown of the head feeling as if attached to a string
+suspended from the ceiling above. Slowly rise upon the balls of both
+feet to the greatest possible height, thereby exercising all the muscles
+of the legs and body; come again into standing position without swaying
+the body backward out of the perfect line. Repeat this same exercise,
+first on one foot, then on the other. It is wonderful what a
+straightening-out power this exercise has upon round shoulders and
+crooked backs, and one will be surprised to note how soon the lungs
+begin to show the effect of such expansive development.
+
+
+Care of the Eyes.
+
+In consequence of the increase of affections of the eye, a specialist
+has recently formulated the following rules to be observed in the care
+of the eyes for school work: A comfortable temperature, dry and warm
+feet, good ventilation; clothing at the neck and on other parts of the
+body loose; posture erect, and never read lying down or stooping. Little
+study before breakfast or directly after a heavy meal; none at all at
+twilight or late at night; use great caution about studying after
+recovery from fevers; have light abundant, but not dazzling, not
+allowing the sun to shine on desks or on objects in front of the
+scholars, and letting the light come from the left hand or left and
+rear; hold book at right angles to the line of sight or nearly so; give
+eyes frequent rest by looking up. The distance of the book from the eye
+should be about fifteen inches. The usual indication of strain is
+redness of the rim of the eyelid, betokening a congested state of the
+inner surface, which may be accompanied with some pain. When the eye
+tires easily rest is not the proper remedy, but the use of glasses of
+sufficient power to aid in accommodating the eye to vision.
+
+
+How and When to Drink Water.
+
+According to Doctor Leuf, when water is taken into the full or partly
+full stomach, it does not mingle with the food, as we are taught, but
+passes along quickly between the food and lesser curvature toward the
+pylorus, through which it passes into the intestines. The secretion of
+mucus by the lining membrane is constant, and during the night a
+considerable amount accumulates in the stomach; some of its liquid
+portion is absorbed, and that which remains is thick and tenacious. If
+food is taken into the stomach when in this condition, it becomes coated
+with this mucus, and the secretion of the gastric juice and its action
+are delayed. These facts show the value of a goblet of water before
+breakfast. This washes out the tenacious mucus, and stimulates the
+gastric glands to secretion. In old and feeble persons water should not
+be taken cold, but it may be with great advantage taken warm or hot.
+This removal of the accumulated mucus from the stomach is probably one
+of the reasons why taking soup at the beginning of a meal has been found
+so beneficial.
+
+
+What Causes Coughs.
+
+Cold and coughs are prevalent throughout the country, but throat
+affections are by far more common among business men. Every unfortunate
+one mutters something about the abominable weather and curses the
+piercing wind. Much of the trouble, however, is caused by overheated
+rooms, and a little more attention to proper ventilation would remove
+the cause of suffering. Doctor J. Ewing Mears, who was thus afflicted,
+said to an inquirer: "The huskiness and loss of power of articulation so
+common among us are largely due to the use of steam for heating. The
+steam cannot be properly regulated, and the temperature becomes too
+high. A person living in this atmosphere has all the cells of the lungs
+open, and when he passes into the open air he is unduly exposed. The
+affliction is quite common among the men who occupy offices in the new
+buildings which are fitted up with all modern improvements. The
+substitution of electric light for gas has wrought a change to which
+people have not yet adapted themselves. The heat arising from a number
+of gas jets will quickly raise the temperature of a room, and
+unconsciously people rely upon that means of heating to some extent.
+Very little warmth, however, is produced by the electric light, and when
+a man reads by an incandescent light he at times finds himself becoming
+chilly, and wonders why it is. Too hot during the day and too cold at
+night are conditions which should be avoided."
+
+
+
+PHYSICAL EXERCISE.
+
+The principal methods of developing the physique now prescribed by
+trainers are exercise with dumbbells, the bar bell and the chest weight.
+The rings and horizontal and parallel bars are also used, but not nearly
+to the extent that they formerly were. The movement has been all in the
+direction of the simplification of apparatus; in fact, one well-known
+teacher of the Boston Gymnasium when asked his opinion said: "Four bare
+walls and a floor, with a well-posted instructor, is all that is really
+required for a gymnasium."
+
+Probably the most important as well as the simplest appliance for
+gymnasium work is the wooden dumbbell, which has displaced the ponderous
+iron bell of former days. Its weight is from three-quarters of a pound
+to a pound and a half, and with one in each hand a variety of motions
+can be gone through, which are of immense benefit in building up or
+toning down every muscle and all vital parts of the body.
+
+The first object of an instructor in taking a beginner in hand is to
+increase the circulation. This is done by exercising the extremities,
+the first movement being one of the hands, after which come the wrists,
+then the arms, and next the head and feet. As the circulation is
+increased the necessity for a larger supply of oxygen, technically
+called "oxygen-hunger," is created, which is only satisfied by breathing
+exercises, which develop the lungs. After the circulation is in a
+satisfactory condition, the dumbbell instructor turns his attention to
+exercising the great muscles of the body, beginning with those of the
+back, strengthening which holds the body erect, thus increasing the
+chest capacity, invigorating the digestive organs, and, in fact, all the
+vital functions. By the use of very light weights an equal and
+symmetrical development of all parts of the body is obtained, and then
+there are no sudden demands on the heart and lungs.
+
+After the dumbbell comes exercise with the round, or bar bell. This is
+like the dumbbell, with the exception that the bar connecting the balls
+is four or five feet, instead of a few inches in length. Bar bells weigh
+from one to two pounds each and are found most useful in building up the
+respiratory and digestive systems, their especial province being the
+strengthening of the erector muscles and increasing the flexibility of
+the chest.
+
+Of all fixed apparatus in use the pulley weight stands easily first in
+importance. These weights are available for a greater variety of objects
+than any other gymnastic appliance, and can be used either for general
+exercise or for strengthening such muscles as most require it. With them
+a greater localization is possible than with the dumbbell, and for this
+reason they are recommended as a kind of supplement to the latter. As
+chest developers and correctors of round shoulders they are most
+effective. As the name implies, they are simply weights attached to
+ropes, which pass over pulleys, and are provided with handles. The
+common pulley is placed at about the height of the shoulder of an
+average man, but recently those which can be adjusted to any desired
+height have been very generally introduced.
+
+When more special localization is desired than can be obtained by means
+of the ordinary apparatus, what is known as the double-action chest
+weight is used. This differs from the ordinary kind in being provided
+with several pulleys, so that the strain may come at different angles.
+Double-action weights may be divided into three classes--high, low, and
+side pulleys--each with its particular use.
+
+The highest of all, known as the giant pulleys, are made especially for
+developing the muscles of the back and chest, and by stretching or
+elongating movements to increase the interior capacity of the chest. If
+the front of the chest is full and the back or side chest deficient, the
+pupil is set to work on the giant pulley. To build up the side-walls he
+stands with the back to the pulley-box and the left heel resting against
+it; the handle is grasped in the right hand if the right side of the
+chest is lacking in development, and then drawn straight down by the
+side; a step forward with the right foot, as long as possible, is taken,
+the line brought as far to the front and near the floor as can be done,
+and then the arm, held stiff, allowed to be drawn solely up by the
+weight. To exercise the left side the same process is gone through with,
+the handle grasped in the left hand. Another kind of giant pulley is
+that which allows the operator to stand directly under it, and is used
+for increasing the lateral diameter of the chest. The handles are drawn
+straight down by the sides, the arms are then spread and drawn back by
+the weights. Generally speaking, high pulleys are most used for
+correcting high, round shoulders; low pulleys for low, round shoulders;
+side pulleys for individual high or low shoulders, and giant pulleys for
+the development of the walls of the chest and to correct spinal
+curvature.
+
+The traveling rings, a line of iron rings, covered with rubber and
+attached to long ropes fastened to the ceiling some ten feet apart, are
+also valuable in developing the muscles of the back, arms and sides. The
+first ring is grasped in one hand and a spring taken from an elevated
+platform. The momentum carries the gymnast to the next ring, which is
+seized with the free hand, and so the entire length of the line is
+traversed. The parallel bars, low and high, the flying rings, the
+horizontal bar and the trapeze all have their uses, but of late years
+they have been relegated to a position of distinct inferiority to that
+now occupied by the dumbbells and pulley weights.
+
+
+
+ACCIDENTS AND EMERGENCIES.
+
+What To Do
+
+If an artery is cut, red blood spurts. Compress it above the wound. If a
+vein is cut, dark blood flows. Compress it below and above.
+
+If choked, go upon all fours and cough.
+
+For slight burns, dip the part in cold water; if the skin is destroyed,
+cover with varnish or linseed oil.
+
+For apoplexy, raise the head and body; for fainting, lay the person
+flat.
+
+Send for a physician when a serious accident of any kind occurs, but
+treat as directed until he arrives.
+
+Scalds and Burns--The following facts cannot be too firmly impressed on
+the mind of the reader, that in either of these accidents the first,
+best, and often the only remedies required, are sheets of wadding, fine
+wool, or carded cotton, and, in the default of these, violet powder,
+flour, magnesia, or chalk. The object for which these several articles
+are employed is the same in each instance; namely, to exclude the air
+from the injured part; for if the air can be effectually shut out from
+the raw surface, and care is taken not to expose the tender part till
+the new cuticle is formed, the cure may be safely left to nature. The
+moment a person is called to a case of scald or burn, he should cover
+the part with a sheet, or a portion of a sheet, of wadding, taking care
+not to break any blister that may have formed, or stay to remove any
+burnt clothes that may adhere to the surface, but as quickly as possible
+envelop every part of the injury from all access of the air, laying one
+or two more pieces of wadding on the first, so as effectually to guard
+the burn or scald from the irritation of the atmosphere; and if the
+article used is wool or cotton, the same precaution, of adding more
+material where the surface is thinly covered, must be adopted; a light
+bandage finally securing all in their places. Any of the popular
+remedies recommended below may be employed when neither wool, cotton,
+nor wadding are to be procured, it being always remembered that that
+article which will best exclude the air from a burn or scald is the
+best, quickest, and least painful mode of treatment. And in this respect
+nothing has surpassed cotton loose or attached to paper as in wadding.
+
+If the Skin is Much Injured in burns, spread some linen pretty thickly
+with chalk ointment, and lay over the part, and give the patient some
+brandy and water if much exhausted; then send for a medical man. If not
+much injured, and very painful, use the same ointment, or apply carded
+cotton dipped in lime water and linseed oil. If you please, you may lay
+cloths dipped in ether over the parts, or cold lotions. Treat scalds in
+same manner, or cover with scraped raw potato; but the chalk ointment is
+the best. In the absence of all these, cover the injured part with
+treacle, and dust over it plenty of flour.
+
+BODY IN FLAMES--Lay the person down on the floor of the room, and throw
+the table cloth, rug, or other large cloth over him, and roll him on the
+floor.
+
+DIRT IN THE EYE--Place your forefinger upon the cheek-bone, having the
+patient before you; then slightly bend the finger, this will draw down
+the lower lid of the eye, and you will probably be able to remove the
+dirt; but if this will not enable you to get at it, repeat this
+operation while you have a knitting-needle or bodkin placed over the
+eyelid; this will turn it inside out, and enable you to remove the sand,
+or eyelash, etc., with the corner of a fine silk handkerchief. As soon
+as the substance is removed, bathe the eye with cold water, and exclude
+the light for a day. If the inflammation is severe, let the patient use
+a refrigerant lotion.
+
+LIME IN THE EVE--Syringe it well with warm vinegar and water in the
+proportion of one ounce of vinegar to eight ounces of water; exclude
+light.
+
+IRON OR STEEL SPICULAE IN THE EYE--These occur while turning iron or
+steel in a lathe, and are best remedied by doubling back the upper or
+lower eyelid according to the situation of the substance, and with the
+flat edge of a silver probe, taking up the metallic particle, using a
+lotion made by dissolving six grains of sugar of lead and the same of
+white vitriol, in six ounces of water, and bathing the eye three times a
+day till the inflammation subsides. Another plan is--Drop a solution of
+sulphate of copper (from one to three grains of salt to one ounce of
+water) into the eye, or keep the eye open in a wineglassful of the
+solution. Bathe with cold lotion, and exclude light to keep down
+inflammation.
+
+DISLOCATED THUMB--This is frequently produced by a fall. Make a clove
+hitch, by passing two loops of cord over the thumb, placing a piece of
+rag under the cord to prevent it cutting the thumb; then pull in the
+same line as the thumb. Afterwards apply a cold lotion.
+
+CUTS AND WOUNDS--Clean cut wounds whether deep or superficial, and
+likely to heal by the first intention, should always be washed or
+cleaned, and at once evenly and smoothly closed by bringing both edges
+close together and securing them in that position by adhesive plaster.
+Cut thin strips of sticking plaster, and bring the parts together; or,
+if large and deep, cut two broad pieces, so as to look like the teeth of
+a comb, and place one on each side of the wound, which must be cleaned
+previously. These pieces must be arranged so that they shall interlace
+one another; then, by laying hold of the pieces on the right side with
+one hand, and those on the other side with the other hand and pulling
+them from one another, the edges of the wounds are brought together
+without any difficulty.
+
+Ordinary Cuts are dressed by thin strips, applied by pressing down the
+plaster on one side of the wound, and keeping it there, and pulling in
+the opposite direction; then suddenly depressing the hand when the edges
+of the wound are brought together.
+
+CONTUSIONS are best healed by laying a piece of folded lint, well wetted
+with extract of lead or boracic acid, on the part, and, if there is much
+pain, placing a hot bran poultice over the dressing, repeating both if
+necessary every, two hours. When the injuries are very severe lay a
+cloth over the part, and suspend a basin over it filled with cold
+lotion. Put a piece of cotton into the basin, so that it shall allow the
+lotion to drop on the cloth, and thus keep it always wet.
+
+HEMORRHAGE, when caused by an artery being divided or torn, may be known
+by the blood issuing out of the wound in leaps or jerks, and being of a
+bright scarlet color. If a vein is injured, the blood is darker and
+flows continuously. To arrest the latter apply pressure by means of a
+compress and bandage. To arrest arterial bleeding, get a piece of wood
+(part of a broom handle will do), and tie a piece of tape to one end of
+it. Then tie a piece of tape loosely over the arm, and pass the other
+end of the wood under it; twist the stick around and around until the
+tape compresses the arm sufficiently to arrest the bleeding, and then
+confine the other end by tying the string around the arm. A compress
+made by enfolding a penny piece in several folds of lint or linen
+should, however, be first placed under the tape and over the artery, If
+the bleeding is very obstinate, and it occurs in the arm, place a cork
+underneath the string, on the inside of the fleshy part, where the
+artery may be felt beating by any one; if in the leg, place a cork in
+the direction of a line drawn from the inner part of the knee toward the
+outer part of the groin. It is an excellent thing to accustom yourself
+to find out the position of these arteries, or, indeed, any that are
+superficial, and to explain to every person in your house where they
+are, and how to stop bleeding. If a stick cannot be got, take a
+handkerchief, make a cord bandage of it, and tie a knot in the middle;
+the knot acts as a compress, and should be placed over the artery, while
+the two ends are c around the thumb. Observe always to place
+the ligature between the wound and the heart. Putting your finger into a
+bleeding wound, and making pressure until a surgeon arrives, will
+generally stop violent bleeding.
+
+BLEEDING FROM THE NOSE, from whatever cause, may generally be stopped by
+putting a plug of lint into the nostrils; if this does not do, apply a
+cold lotion to the forehead; raise the head, and place over it both
+arms, so that it will rest on the hands; dip the lint plug, slightly
+moistened, into some powdered gum arabic, and plug the nostrils again;
+or dip the plug into equal parts of powdered gum arabic and alum, and
+plug the nose. Or the plug may be dipped in Friar's balsam, or tincture
+of kino. Heat should be applied to the feet; and, in obstinate cases,
+the sudden shock of a cold key, or cold water poured down the spine,
+will often instantly stop the bleeding. If the bowels are confined, take
+a purgative. Injections of alum solution from a small syringe into the
+nose will often stop hemorrhage.
+
+VIOLENT SHOCKS will sometimes stun a person, and he will remain
+unconscious. Untie strings, collars, etc.; loosen anything that is tight
+and interferes with the breathing; raise the head; see if there is
+bleeding from any part; apply smelling-salts to the nose, and hot
+bottles to the feet.
+
+IN CONCUSSION, the surface of the body is cold and pale, and the pulse
+weak and small, the breathing slow and gentle, and the pupil of the eye
+generally contracted or small. You can get an answer by speaking loud,
+so as to arouse the patient. Give a little brandy and water, keep the
+place quiet, apply warmth, and do not raise the head too high. If you
+tickle the feet, the patient feels it.
+
+IN COMPRESSION OF THE BRAIN from any cause, such as apoplexy, or a piece
+of fractured bone pressing on it, there is loss of sensation. If you
+tickle the feet of the injured person he does not feel it. You cannot
+arouse him so as to get an answer. The pulse is slow and labored; the
+breathing deep, labored, and snorting; the pupil enlarged. Raise the
+head, loosen strings or tight things, and send for a surgeon. If one
+cannot be got at once, apply mustard poultices to the feet and thighs,
+leeches to the temples, and hot water to the feet.
+
+CHOKING--When a person has a fish bone in the throat, insert the
+forefinger, press upon the root of the tongue, so as to induce vomiting;
+if this does not do, let him swallow a large piece of potato or soft
+bread; and if these fail, give a mustard emetic,
+
+FAINTING, HYSTERICS, ETC.--Loosen the garments, bathe the temples with
+water or eau-de-Cologne; open the window, admit plenty of fresh air,
+dash cold water on the face, apply hot bricks to the feet, and avoid
+bustle and excessive sympathy.
+
+DROWNING.--Attend to the following essential rules: 1. Lose no time. 2.
+Handle the body gently. 3. Carry the body face downward, with the head
+gently raised, and never hold it up by the feet. 4. Send for medical
+assistance immediately, and in the meantime act as follows: 5. Strip the
+body; rub it dry, then wrap it in hot blankets, and place it in a warm
+bed in a warm room. 6. Cleanse away the froth and mucus from the nose
+and month. 7. Apply warm bricks, bottles, bags of sand, etc. to the
+armpits, between the thighs, and to the soles of the feet. 8. Rub the
+surface of the body with the hands inclosed in warm, dry worsted socks.
+9. If possible, put the body into a warm bath. 10. To restore breathing,
+put the pipe of a common bellows into one nostril, carefully closing the
+other, and the mouth; at the same time drawing downward, and pushing
+gently backward, the upper part of the windpipe to allow a more free
+admission of air; blow the bellows gently, in order to inflate the
+lungs, till the breast be raised a little; then set the month and
+nostrils free, and press gently on the chest; repeat this until signs of
+life appear. The body should be covered the moment it is placed on the
+table, except the face, and all the rubbing carried on under the sheet
+or blanket. When they can be obtained, a number of tiles or bricks
+should be made tolerably hot in the fire, laid in a row on the table,
+covered with a blanket, and the body placed in such a manner on them
+that their heat may enter the spine. When the patient revives, apply
+smelling-salts to the nose, give warm wine or brandy and water.
+Cautions.--1. Never rub the body with salt or spirits. 2. Never roll the
+body on casks. 3. Continue the remedies for twelve hours without
+ceasing.
+
+HANGING--Loosen the cord, or whatever it may be by which the person has
+been suspended. Open the temporal artery or jugular vein, or bleed from
+the arm; employ electricity, if at hand, and proceed as for drowning.
+
+APPARENT DEATH FROM DRUNKENNESS--Raise the head; loosen the clothes,
+maintain warmth of surface, and give a mustard emetic as soon as the
+person can swallow.
+
+APOPLEXY AND FITS GENERALLY--Raise the head; loosen all tight clothes,
+strings, etc.; apply cold lotions to the head, and send for a surgeon.
+
+SUFFOCATION FROM NOXIOUS GASES, ETC.--Remove to the fresh air; dash cold
+vinegar and water in the face, neck, and breast; keep up the warmth of
+the body; if necessary, apply mustard poultices to the soles of the feet
+and to the spine, and try artificial respirations as in drowning, with
+electricity.
+
+LIGHTNING AND SUNSTROKE--Treat the same as apoplexy.
+
+
+
+POISONS AND THEIR ANTIDOTES.
+
+General Rules
+
+Always send immediately for a medical man. Save all fluids vomited, and
+articles of food, cups, glasses, etc., used by the patient before taken
+ill, and lock them up.
+
+As a rule give emetics after poisons that cause sleepiness and raving;
+chalk, milk, eggs, butter, and warm water, or oil, after poisons that
+cause vomiting and pain in the stomach and bowels, with purging; and
+when there is no inflammation about the throat, tickle it with a feather
+to excite vomiting.
+
+Vomiting may be caused by giving warm water, with a teaspoonful of
+mustard to the tumblerful, well stirred up. Sulphate of zinc (white
+vitriol) may be used in place of the mustard, or powdered alum. Powder
+of ipecacuanha, a teaspoonful rubbed up with molasses, may be employed
+for children. Tartar emetic should never be given, as it is excessively
+depressing, and uncontrollable in its effects. The stomach pump can only
+be used by skillful hands, and even then with caution.
+
+Opium and other Narcotics--After vomiting has occurred, cold water
+should be dashed over the face and head. The patient must be kept awake,
+walked about between two strong persons, made to grasp the handles of a
+galvanic battery, dosed with strong coffee, and vigorously slapped.
+Belladonna is an antidote for opium and for morphia, etc.; its active
+principles; and, on the other hand, the latter counteract the effects of
+belladonna. But a knowledge of medicine is necessary for dealing with
+these articles.
+
+Strychnia--After emetics have been freely and successfully given, the
+patient should be allowed to breathe the vapor of sulphuric ether,
+poured on a handkerchief and held to the face, in such quantities as to
+keep down the tendency to convulsions. Bromide of potassium, twenty
+grains at a dose, dissolved in syrup, may be given every hour.
+
+Alcoholic Poisoning should be combated by emetics, of which the sulphate
+of zinc, given as above directed, is the best. After that, strong coffee
+internally, and stimulation by heat externally, should be used.
+
+Acids are sometimes swallowed by mistake. Alkalies, lime water,
+magnesia, or common chalk mixed with water, may be freely given, and
+afterward mucilaginous drinks, such as thick gum water or flaxseed tea.
+
+Alkalies are less frequently taken in injurious strength or quantity,
+but sometimes children swallow lye by mistake. Common vinegar may be
+given freely, and then castor or sweet oil in full doses--a
+tablespoonful at a time, repeated every half hour or two.
+
+Nitrate of silver when swallowed is neutralized by common table salt
+freely given in solution in water.
+
+The salts of mercury or arsenic (often kept as bedbug poison), which are
+powerful irritants, are apt to be very quickly fatal. Milk or the whites
+of eggs may be freely given and afterward a very thin paste of flour and
+water. In these cases an emetic is to be given after the poison is
+neutralized.
+
+Phosphorus paste, kept for roach poison or in parlor matches, is
+sometimes eaten by children and has been willfully taken for the purpose
+of suicide. It is a powerful irritant. The first thing to be done is to
+give freely of magnesia and water; then to give mucilaginous drinks as
+flaxseed tea, gum water or sassafras pith and water; and lastly to
+administer finely powdered bone-charcoal, either in pill or in mixture
+with water.
+
+In no case of poisoning should there be any avoidable delay in obtaining
+the advice of a physician, and, meanwhile, the friends or bystanders
+should endeavor to find out exactly what has been taken, so that the
+treatment adopted may be as prompt and effective as possible.
+
+
+
+KEEP STILL.
+
+Keep still. When trouble is brewing, keep still. Even when slander is
+getting on its legs, keep still. When your feelings are hurt, keep
+still, till you recover from your excitement at any rate. Things look
+differently through an unagitated eye. A doctor relates how once in a
+commotion he wrote a letter, and sent it, and wished he had not. "I had
+another commotion and wrote a long letter; but life had rubbed a little
+sense into me. I kept that letter in my pocket against the day when I
+could look it over without agitation and without tears. I was glad I
+did. Less and less it seemed necessary to send it I was not sure it
+would do any hurt, but in my doubt I leaned to reticence, and eventually
+it was destroyed."
+
+
+
+PHILOSOPHICAL FACTS.
+
+The greatest height at which visible clouds ever exist does not exceed
+ten miles.
+
+Air is about eight hundred and fifteen times lighter than water.
+
+The pressure of the atmosphere upon every square foot of the earth
+amounts to two thousand one hundred and sixty pounds.
+
+The violence of the expansion of water when freezing is sufficient to
+cleave a globe of copper of such thickness as to require a force of
+27,000 pounds, to produce the same effect.
+
+During the conversion of ice into water one hundred and forty degrees of
+heat are absorbed.
+
+Water, when converted into steam, increases in bulk eighteen hundred
+times.
+
+In one second of time--in one beat of the pendulum of a clock--light
+travels two hundred thousand miles. Were a cannon ball shot toward the
+sun, and were it to maintain full speed, it would be twenty years in
+reaching it, and yet light travels through this space in seven or eight
+minutes.
+
+Strange as it may appear, a ball of a ton weight, and another of the
+same material of an ounce weight, falling from any height will reach the
+ground at the same time.
+
+The heat does not increase as we rise above the earth nearer to the sun,
+but decreases rapidly until, beyond the regions of the atmosphere, in
+void, it is estimated that the cold is about seventy degrees below zero.
+The line of perpetual frost at the equator is 15,000 feet altitude;
+13,000 feet between the tropics; and 9,000 to 4,000 between the
+latitudes of forty degrees and forty-nine degrees.
+
+At a depth of forty-five feet under ground, the temperature of the earth
+is uniform throughout the year.
+
+The human ear is so extremely sensitive that it can hear a sound that
+lasts only the twenty-four thousandth part of a second.
+
+Sound travels at the rate of one thousand one hundred and forty-two feet
+per second-about thirteen miles in a minute. So that if we hear a clap
+of thunder half a minute after the flash, we may calculate that the
+discharge of electricity is six and a half miles off.
+
+
+
+ALPHABETICAL INDEX
+
+Accent and Pronunciation
+Accidents and Emergencies
+Aeronautics, Dictionary of
+Age, To Tell, of Any Person
+Age, When One Becomes of
+Alphabet of Advice to Writers
+Amendments to the Constitution
+Analogies in Nature, Queer
+Appalling Depths of Space, The
+Apparel for Men, Proper
+Art of Not Forgetting, The
+Asthma, Relief for
+
+Baby's Mind, Development of the
+Balls and Evening Receptions
+Bank, Doing Business with a
+Bathing, Hints on
+Beauty and Health
+Bees (Memory Rhyme)
+Bell Time on Shipboard
+"Best Man." Duties of the
+Birthdays (Memory Rhyme)
+Birth Stones
+Blonds and Brunettes, Colors for
+Brain, The Wonderful Human
+Bread, Salt-Rising
+Bride's Trousseau
+Bright's Disease, Tomato in
+Burial Alive, To Guard Against
+Business Law in Brief
+Bust, To Develop the
+
+Canary Birds, Care of
+Capital Letters. The Use of
+Chamois Skins
+Change, How to Make
+Character as Seen in Faces
+Check, How to Draw a
+Check-Raising Made Easy
+Cities, Nicknames of
+Cities, Principal American
+College Colors
+Color Contrast and Harmony
+Colors, How to Select
+Colors for Blonds and Brunettes
+Complexions, Men and
+Constitutional Law, Principal Points of
+Constitution of the United States, The
+Copyright, The Law of
+Cost and Price Marks
+Coughs, What Cures
+Counterfeit Money, How to Detect
+Courtship and Marriage, Etiquette of
+Criminal Law, Points of
+Cuckoo, The (Memory Rhyme)
+Cure for Love, A
+
+Days of the Week
+Death Sentence of the Savior
+Debutantes, Etiquette for
+Declaration of Independence, The
+Declaration of Independence, Signers of the
+Dentifrices, Useful and Injurious
+Dictionary of Aeronautics
+Dictionary of Dreams
+Discount, Trade
+Distances by Water from New York
+Distances that Stun the Mind
+Divorce and Marriage
+Dog, Senator Vest's Eulogy on the
+Doing Business with a Bank
+Don't Be Buried Alive
+Dower, The Right of
+Dreams and Their Meaning
+Dress and Etiquette, Formalities in
+
+Engagement and Wedding Rings
+English Grammar in a Nutshell
+Etiquette of Courtship and Marriage
+Etiquette of the Visiting-Card
+Evolution Theory, The
+Exercise, Physical
+Eyes, Care of the
+Eyes, Character Indicated by the
+Fables, Modern
+Facts about Sponges
+Facts about the Liberty Bell
+Facts of General Interest
+Facts, Handy, to Settle Arguments
+Fat People and Lean, Rules for
+Female Figure, The Perfect
+Feminine Height and Weight
+Finding, The Law of
+Fingers and Hands, Various Forms of
+Flag, The Language of the
+Flowers, The Language of
+Formalities in Dress and Etiquette
+Friendly Advice on Many Subjects
+
+Geographical Nicknames
+Girdle of Venus
+Glue, Test for
+God, The Name of, in Fifty Languages
+"Good Bye, God Bless You"
+Grammar, English, in a nutshell
+Grammar, Short (Memory Rhyme)
+Grammar, Spelling and Pronunciation
+
+Hair, Curious Facts About
+Hair and Scalp, Care of the
+Hand Grenades
+Hands and Fingers, Various Forms of
+Hands, Care of the
+Handy Metric Table
+Happiness Defined
+Health Line
+Health and Beauty
+Height and Weight
+Height of Noted Structure
+Holidays, Legal, in Various States
+Horse's Prayer, The
+Horses, To Tell the Age of
+Housekeepers Should Remember, What
+Hypnotism, The Mysteries of
+
+Independence, The Declaration of
+Indorsement of Checks, etc.
+Infant Feeding and Management
+Interest Rules, Short
+Invitations and Announcements
+
+Jefferson's Political Policy
+Jewelry, Correct Form of
+
+Keep Still
+
+Lady's Chance of Marrying, A
+Language of Flowers, The
+Language of Precious Stones
+Last Words of Famous Men and Women
+Law, Business, in Brief
+Law, Points of Criminal
+Letter Combinations
+Liberty Bell, Facts About the
+Loisette's Memory System
+Love, A Cure for
+
+Magna Charta
+Marriage and Courtship, Etiquette of
+Marriage and Divorce
+Measures and Weights
+Mecklenburg Declaration, The
+Memory Rhymes
+Memory System, Loisette's
+Merchants' Cost and Price Marks
+Metric Table, Handy
+Months, Derivation of the Names of the
+Months, The (Memory Rhyme)
+Mottoes of the States
+Mourning Colors the World Over
+Mourning Customs
+
+Name of God in Fifty Languages
+Names of Men, Meanings of Christian
+Names of  Women, Christian
+Name, What's in a
+Nature's Wonders, Some of
+Nicknames, Geographical
+Nicknames of Cities
+Notes and Acceptances
+Nursing of Infants
+
+"Oh, I Wish I Was in Eden"
+Opportunity--Ingalls' Famous Sonnet
+Opportunity--Poem
+Osteopathy, The Claims of
+Palmistry, The Mysteries of
+Palm-Reading, Chart for
+Parliamentary Law, Principles, of
+Patent, How to Obtain a
+Philosophical Facts
+Phrenology, Dr. Spurzheim's
+Physical Exercise
+Piano, How to Care for a
+Points of Criminal Law
+Poisons and Their Antidotes
+Population of Principal Cities
+Poor Richard's Sayings
+Presidents, Ages and Deaths of the
+Presidents of the United States
+Precious Stones, The Language of
+Pronunciation and Accent
+Pronunciation, Common Errors in
+Pronunciation, Simple Rules of
+Punctuation
+
+Quinine to Break Up a Cold
+
+"Raised" Checks
+Rats, How to Get Rid of
+Recipes, Trade Secrets, etc.
+Reputation, Lines of
+Riddles, Old and New
+Riding, Rules for (Memory Rhyme)
+Rights of Married Women
+Road, Rule of the
+
+Salt-Rising Bread
+Scalp and Hair, Care of the
+Science and Statistics, Facts of
+Shakespeare's Counsel
+Shaving, Hints on
+Short Rules for Spelling
+Shoulders, To Straighten Round
+Single Tax, The
+Skin, Care of the
+Social Forms
+Sparrow, The English
+Spelling, Short Rules for
+Sponges, Facts About
+States, Mottoes of the
+States, The Names of the
+Steps in the Growth of American Liberty
+Swollen Feet, Relief for
+
+Tea and Coffee
+Teeth of Children, The
+Teeth, The Care of the
+Theosophy
+Things That Are Misnamed
+Toasts and Sentiments
+Toothache
+Time in Which Money Doubles
+Trade Discounts
+Trademarks, The Laws of
+Trees, Big
+Trees, Maximum Age of
+
+United States, Constitution of
+
+Visiting-Card, Etiquette of the
+
+Water, How and When to Drink
+Water, To Tell Pure
+Wedding and Engagement Rings
+Wedding Anniversaries
+Wedding Customs
+Weights and Measures
+Weights and Measures, Handy
+What Housekeepers Should Remember
+What's in a Name?
+Wine, How to Serve, etc.
+Woman's Lunch, A
+Workingmen Easily Gulled
+Writers, Alphabet Of Advice to
+
+
+
+[Transcriber's note: The rest of the book is advertisemnts.  Ads are
+separated by a row of hyphens.]
+
+-------------------------
+
+Things Worth Knowing about Dr. Graves' Tooth Powder
+ARE TOO MANY AND TOO WELL KNOWN
+TO PRINT ON THIS SMALL PAGE
+BUT-
+HERE ARE A FEW
+3,360,000 cans sold in 1910
+5 girls can make 75 gross in one day
+42,000 druggists in the U. S. A., carry GRAVES'
+200 tons of Tooth Powder made in 1910
+If so many people use GRAVES' why can't you?
+
+[Illustration: Preceding text with image container.]
+
+-------------------------
+
+Perfect Form Health Brace
+
+Develop your chest from 3 to 6 inches.
+
+Compels Deep Breathing and insures long life
+
+Consumption claims thousands whose stooped shoulders and cramped lungs
+prevent them from inhaling the health-giving, revitalizing air
+
+SPECIAL PRICE, $1.50 for a $2.00 QUALITY
+
+FOR SALE WHERE YOU GOT THIS BOOK.
+
+[Illustration: Pictures of a man and woman modeling the brace.]
+
+-------------------------
+
+Products Worth Knowing.
+
+"Now my mouth and teeth really DO FEEL CLEAN."
+
+"Isn't it a Godsend we had it in the house when the youngster cut his
+hand."
+
+Remarks Frequently made by users of Hydrox PEROXIDE OF HYDROGEN.
+The Always Reliable Antiseptic.
+You cannot depend on cheap Peroxides in an emergency.
+They're dear at any price.
+For Ideal Cleanliness, Comfort and Hygiene use
+HYDROX PEROXIDE
+Cream
+Tooth Powder
+Dental Paste
+Soap
+Talc
+Face Powder
+"The Aristocrats of Toilet Preparations"
+All Drug Stores Sell Them.
+HYDROX CHEMICAL CO.
+NEW YORK
+SAN FRANCISCO
+CHICAGO
+
+[Illustration: Image of package.]
+
+-------------------------
+
+This is a reproduction of the handsome New Style Package of
+ST. JACOBS OIL
+which has a world-wide reputation as
+The Great Remedy For Pain
+No other oil or liniment has ever received the cordial approval of the
+medical and nursing professions the world over. ST. JACOBS OIL is the
+safest, surest and best pain relieving agent.
+Highest Prize Medals Awarded at International Expositions for being the
+best pain cure.
+Good for Rheumatism, Neuralgia, Sore Throat, Chest Colds, etc. Just rub
+it on the affected parts. The pain may resist a dozen treatments--but it
+can't resist St. Jacobs Oil.
+Send for Illustrated Booklet Containing Free Music Offer.
+Price 25c., 50c.
+The 50c Bottle Contains 3 Times as Much as the 25c Size.
+St. Jacobs Oil Ltd.
+Baltimore, Md.
+
+[Illustration: Image of package.]
+
+-------------------------
+
+STIEFEL'S MEDICINAL SOAPS
+
+For more than a quarter of a century Stiefel's Medicinal Soaps, the
+pioneer products in the field, have been the standby of physicians
+everywhere, and many of the varieties have, originally through the
+recommendation of the skin specialist or the family physician, become
+household remedies and toilet accessories in the homes of the refined
+and particular.
+The ideal, logical and scientifically approved care of the scalp calls
+for the use of
+STIEFEL'S
+Superlative
+BORACIC ACID
+SHAMPOO SOAP
+A most effective remover of Dandruff.
+Cleanses the scalp and opens the pores.
+Leaves the hair loose and fluffy, so that
+"You CAN do a thing with it"
+next day.
+Price: 25 cents per cake.
+Tear out the Coupon printed on page 381 and get a free sample
+Sole Agents for the U. S.
+Schering & Glatz
+150-152 Maiden Lane
+New York
+THE OLDEST YET MOST UP-TO-DATE
+
+-------------------------
+
+Listen To These Men
+
+THERE'S NO USE TALKING--your appearance has much to do with your
+success, yes, any man's success in business. A small investment with us
+will give you the right appearance, the appearance of real prosperity.
+
+Many men are wearing clothes made by us because they're stylish,
+reliable and may be had at very reasonable prices.
+
+We import many of our own goods and always display a large line of
+exclusive novelties at very attractive prices.
+
+The proprietors of this publication are our customers. Our work pleases
+them and they think it will please you. We know it will.
+
+We would very much appreciate a call and if you will mention this
+advertisement we will allow you an extra cash discount of 5%.
+
+Our household accounts are subject to premiums, and make buying clothes
+easy. Drop us a card and we will mail you pamphlet giving full
+information, also samples.
+
+MISSELHORN & NELSON
+TAILORS
+Telephone, Main 3906     19 South Fifth Ave., Chicago
+
+-------------------------
+
+OUR SPECIALTY
+
+Orthopedic Apparatus
+
+For all deformities including spinal curvature, hip joint disease, weak
+legs, bow legs, knock knees, club feet, flat feet, etc.
+
+Shoes for the Lame
+
+All apparatus made in our own factory.
+
+By skilled mechanics on short notice.
+
+Estimates cheerfully given. Send for catalog "D."
+
+SHARP & SMITH
+Manufacturers of
+Orthopedic Apparatus. Shoes for the Lame, Artificial Limbs. Trusses,
+Crutches, Abdominal Supporters, Elastic Stockings.
+103 N. Wabash Ave.,  Chicago
+Two Doors North of Washington Street
+
+[Illustration: Image of person modeling a corset. Image of shoe.]
+
+-------------------------
+
+ARE YOU TOO FAT?
+
+DOWNS' Obesity Reducer
+
+Will Reduce your Fat
+
+Downs' Obesity Reducer is unlike other reducing remedies in that it does
+not require other medicines to strengthen up the system after it has
+performed its function of relieving the patient of superfluous fat. On
+the contrary Downs' Obesity Reducer not only does away with obesity, but
+it strengthens the entire system, discharges all impurities and tones up
+the blood.
+
+It is easy to take; being put up in pill and capsule form.
+
+Downs' Obesity Reducer contains no injurious drugs; a child might take
+it in any quantity without harmful effects. It is not one of the
+so-called "new discoveries." It has been used successfully for over
+thirty years and has never produced an evil effect. Scores of people
+have been reduced by it from 20 to 80 pounds and never felt better than
+while taking and after taking.
+
+Guaranteed by the Downs' Chemical Company, Chicago, under the Pure Food
+and Drugs' Act of June 30, 1906. Serial Number 17092.
+
+Regular price for a full month's treatment is $2.50.
+
+[Illustration: Silhouette of obese man and woman.]
+
+-------------------------
+
+Finest Razors in the World.
+Hand Forged
+Satisfaction
+Largest Factory in the U. S.
+Guaranteed
+Ask for the Geneva Standard Brand,
+Made by
+Geneva Cutlery Co., Geneva, N. Y., U. S. A.
+
+[Illustration: Image of razor.]
+
+[Illustration: Picture of blacksmith pounding iron on an anvil.]
+
+-------------------------
+
+PURE OLIVE OIL
+Is a health building food. It builds firm solid flesh, aids digestion
+and clears the complexion. Dress Your Food With
+CHIRIS
+(pronounced Sheris)
+Olive Oil
+It is the first pressing of the choicest French Olives. Every package
+put up and sealed at the factory, at Grasse, France.
+AMERICAN AGENTS
+Antoine Chiris Company, 18-20 Platt St., New York
+
+-------------------------
+
+Don't Be Cut Open!
+Don't Suffer!
+Promptly Use
+MEYS
+POULTICE
+(HYGROSCOPINE)
+For Pains, Wounds, Swellings, Burns, Bites, Stings, and all
+INFLAMMATIONS
+Meys Poultice is in air-tight glass jars. 12 ozs. net; 20 ozs. net; 2
+lbs. net; and 5 lbs. Meys Poultice is a safe, clean, soothing
+dressing--is antiseptic and anesthetic; does not soil or stain. It
+dissolves in water; lasts 24 hours as a dressing. Meys Poultice is
+indorsed by physicians everywhere. It has no equal as a treatment in
+Pneumonia, Pleurisy, Bronchitis, Croup, Rheumatic Joints, Carbuncles,
+Old Ulcers, Infections, Pelvic Pains, Ovaritis, Erysipelas, Orchitis,
+Tonsillitis, Enlarged Glands and Appendicitis.
+
+MEYS CHEMICAL MFG. CO., Chicago, III.
+
+-------------------------
+
+Prevent Disease
+Australian Eucalyptus Globulus Oil
+"Kangaroo" Brand
+Recommended by the highest medical authorities for sick-room and
+household use as a general Antiseptic, Disinfectant and Deodorant. It is
+non-poisonous and non-irritating. Used the world over. Take no
+substitute but see that you get our "Kangaroo" Brand.
+
+Euca-Scentol
+A fragrant but powerful Antiseptic and Inhalant. Invaluable to those
+exposed to infection and contagion; to travelers; and for use in crowded
+cars, theatres, etc. Mosquitoes and other insects shun it. Use it when
+on the water or at summer resorts.
+
+Either of the above sold by or obtained through any druggist in original
+bottles only.
+
+Australian Eucalyptus Chemical Co.
+305 N. Michigan Ave.   Chicago, III.
+
+-------------------------
+
+COLDS
+CATARRH
+COLDS IN HEAD
+HAY FEVER
+KONDON'S CATARRHAL JELLY
+
+Sample Free For Relief To Prove Why It Cures
+
+PLEASE TRY Kondon's with our compliments, for catarrhal sore throat--or
+colds or any catarrhal trouble. Pleasant, pure, quick to stop distress
+and speedily cures. Don't delay. Sold by over 35,000 druggists--or write
+us for free sample.
+
+Kondon's (in sanitary tubes) gives Quick relief.  Snuff a bit of this
+aromatic, soothing, healing Jelly well into the nasal passages. Take a
+small portion internally, leaving in the throat as long as possible, rub
+the throat well with the Jelly--you'll find almost instant relief. Get a
+25c or 50c tube today of your druggist or send penny postal to us for
+free sample.
+
+Kondon Mfg. Co., Minneapolis. Minn.
+25c or 50c Sanitary Tubes at all Druggists.
+Sample FREE
+
+[Illustration: Image of woman rubbing her throat. Image of package.]
+
+-------------------------
+
+SPRING HOUSE
+POLAND, MAINE
+Can boast of two things that are unsurpassed, if equalled, in the United
+States.
+
+Poland Spring Hotel, which is the most delightful summer resort in the
+State of Maine.
+
+And the famous Poland Spring Water, known all over the civilized world
+for its purity and sweetness and beneficial effects, has not its equal
+for kidney trouble, diabetes, gall-stones, and various other ailments of
+a similar nature.
+
+The Spring House is the most magnificent of any spring house m the world
+having cost more then $100,000.
+
+"POLAND" WATER IS the purest, most efficacious and lightest of all
+natural mineral waters.
+
+HIRAM RICKER & SONS
+South Poland, Maine
+Proprietors
+SPRAGUE, WARNER & COMPANY, Chicago
+Western Agents
+
+[Illustration: Photograph of spring house; stone building with a
+steeple, resembling a church.]
+
+-------------------------
+
+A HYGIENIC CLEANSER
+A YOUTHFUL COMPLEXION
+A PROTECTION FROM SUN AND WIND
+
+Brown's Wonder FACE CREAM
+Wonder Face Cream is recognized by both users and dealers to be the best
+face cream on the market, is the best looking package and the most goods
+for the money.
+
+FOR OILY SKIN
+
+Wonder Face Cream will prevent an oily skin, whether this is caused by
+the use of a grease cream, or by oil extuding from the skin itself. No
+other face cream is equal to Wonder Cream for this purpose.
+
+As a cleanser it is superior to soap. It penetrates the skin and removes
+the secretions which if allowed to remain will cause blackheads and
+pimples.
+
+Wonder Face Cream contains no grease and will not grow hair. It will
+remove tan and sunburn, give the user a fresh complexion, whiten the
+skin, will gradually remove freckles and when used with massage will
+remove wrinkles. One jar will convince you. If you do not think this
+possible give it a trial.
+
+Every person going out in the sun or wind, especially on automobile
+rides, requires a face dressing, and only a non-grease cream can be
+used. Wonder Face Cream is perfect for this purpose. An invisible
+dressing of Wonder Cream will protect the face, preventing sunburn,
+roughening of the skin, etc, No one will suffer from sunburn if they
+will put on a dressing of Wonder Face Cream before going out.
+
+Put up in 25c, 35c, 50c, 75c, $1.00 and $1.75 jars.
+
+[Illustration: Image of package.]
+
+-------------------------
+
+BROWN'S WONDER SALVE
+
+A household remedy.  Perfectly harmless. Can be used on both adults and
+children.
+
+Wonder Salve cures sore throat and colds, inflammation of lungs or
+chest, frost bite, neuralgia, chilblain, tired or aching feet,
+rheumatism, burns, boils, sprains, bruises, croup, earache, warts,
+appendicitis, eczema, sores at long standing, mumps, sore corns, cuts,
+piles and fistulas, deafness after scarlet lever, is best cure for
+pneumonia. Brown's Wonder Salve cures first by removing inflammation or
+irritation of the parts; second by regulating the circulation when from
+any cause it has become impaired. With the cause of the inflammation
+removed and the circulation brought to its normal condition nature does
+the healing. Put up in 25c, 50c and $1.00 sizes, and hospital size of
+$1.75.
+
+If not obtainable at your druggist, goods will be sent by mail on
+receipt of price. Safe delivery guaranteed.
+
+R. H. BROWN & CO. 2701 Menlo Avenue, Los Angeles, Cal.
+
+[Illustration: Image of package.]
+
+-------------------------
+
+Collis Famous Corset Ankle Supports
+With Removable Bones
+The only real support for weak or sprained ankles
+Men's, Ladies' and Misses'. Price, per pair   $1.00
+Children's. Price per pair  .50
+Made in Tan or Black Leather.
+When ordering state size shoe worn.
+
+-------------------------
+
+Dr. Bull's Elastic Ankle Supports
+Merc. Silk
+
+Men's, Ladies' and Misses'. Price per pair   $1.50
+
+The feature of our Elastic Support is, they are made to fit and conform
+perfectly with ankle, giving free instep movement recommended by leading
+physicians.
+
+When ordering state size shoe worn.
+
+-------------------------
+
+The Harvard Athletic Supports
+Price each  75 cents
+Made in three sizes, small, medium and large.
+These are used for all classes of Athletic Sports, such as Baseball,
+Football, Basket Ball, and all other indoor games.
+When ordering, enclose 5 cents extra for mailing goods.
+H. J. COLLIS MFG. CO. :: Taunton, Mass.
+
+-------------------------
+
+STROPS ALL BLADES
+
+Gillette, O.V.B. Durham, Duplex, Enders, Keen Kutter, Ward and Clark
+Safety Razor Blades.
+
+OLD BLADES better than new--when--you use "Meehan's" Razor Stropper. We
+guarantee every one of them to be in perfect condition. If a fair trial
+fails to convince you of its being the most economical stropping device
+on the market, come and get your money back.
+
+DOUBLE EDGED BLADES SHARPENED WITHOUT READJUSTMENT
+WEIGHS ONLY FIVE  OUNCES
+"MEEHAN'S" RAZOR STROPPER.
+
+A Sharp Razor Blade is the most essential point for the "Home Shaver."
+NO Safety Razor Set is complete without "Meehan's" Razor Stropper.
+
+ONLY one insertion of blade in holder is necessary for sharpening both
+sides of both edges at the same time.
+
+NO complicated parts--simple construction--easy to operate.
+
+NO possible chance of an accidental cut when inserting blade or
+stropping--when--you use "Meehan's" Razor Stropper.
+
+$2
+For Sale Where You Got This Book
+
+[Illustration: Image of man using strop.]
+
+-------------------------
+
+WOMAN'S BEAUTY IS HER POWER
+
+Every woman can be beautiful if she uses Geo. W. Laird's "Bloom of
+Youth"
+
+WOMAN'S BEAUTY RULES THE WORLD
+
+Kings, Emperors, Sultans, Millionaires, Statesmen and men of influence
+all bow to women's beauty. Then it is not to be wondered at that women
+do all in their power to attain that wonderful charm. A clear, smooth,
+soft, white, beautiful skin is far more attractive than the most costly
+costume. LAIRD'S "BLOOM OF YOUTH" will remove all imperfections of the
+skin--tan, freckles and all other discolorations--leaving it clear and
+beautiful. Laird's "Bloom of Youth" has been in use the past fifty years
+and improved from time to time, until now it is simply a perfect toilet
+preparation.
+
+WOMAN'S DUTY
+
+Woman should use every legitimate means in her power to make herself
+attractive if nature has not been generous to her and blessed her with a
+clear, soft, beautiful skin. She should use some of the artificial means
+of attaining the desired effect. We would recommend the use of LAIRD'S
+"BLOOM OF YOUTH." It has been in use the past fifty years by millions of
+society ladies, actresses and opera singers both in this country and in
+Europe.
+
+Sold at all druggists and fancy goods stores. Price 75c a bottle.
+Manufactured by
+GEO. W. LAIRD,
+CLIFFSIDE. N. J.
+For sale where you got this book.
+
+[Illustration: Image of four well dressed men staring at a woman in
+the foreground. She is looking forward, toward the viewer and away from
+the men.]
+
+-------------------------
+
+[Illustration: Photograph of child, 1-2 years old.]
+
+"I wish to state that we have been using your Baby Food for one year and
+have met with nothing but the best of results.
+
+It was only after trying, I think, all other kinds of foods, which only
+seemed to make matters worse, that a trial was made of DENNOS FOOD,
+which, we feel, is a life saver. The photo and the boy's condition will
+best testify as to the merits of DENNOS FOOD.
+
+Yours very truly,"
+(Signed) Ralph Krows.
+316 Union St., Seattle.
+
+600,000 Babies Die every year--almost invariably from improper feeding!
+Doctors agree that the only substitute for mother's milk is fresh cow's
+milk, scientifically modified. That is why physicians and mothers alike
+are giving much heartfelt welcome to
+
+DENNOS FOOD
+
+the wonderful new cereal preparation which adds to cow's milk all vital
+nutritional elements--flakes the indigestible curd completely, and Saves
+Babies' Lives.
+
+I am using DENNOS FOOD in my practice and find it very satisfactory.
+(Signed), W. C. Emery, M. D., Kenton, Ohio.
+
+I had tried several foods with very little success until we put our baby
+on DENNOS. DENNOS FOOD is a Godsend to mothers.
+(Signed) Mrs. M. Lawrence. 1734 Sycamore St., Cincinnati, Ohio.
+
+SOLD BY YOUR DRUGGIST
+Ask your doctor about "Dennos"
+Write to
+DENNOS FOOD CO.
+911 Western Ave., Seattle
+for Free Sample and Baby Book.
+
+-------------------------
+
+Sweetola
+High Grade Chocolates
+MADE FOR A DISCERNING PUBLIC
+Packed in Packages containing either
+BITTER SWEET CHOCOLATES
+MILK CHOCOLATES
+CHOCOLATES and BON BONS
+ASSORTED CHOCOLATES
+MADE BY
+The Chicago Chocolate Co.
+3233 West Lake Street
+Phones Kedzie 2261 and 5888
+CHICAGO
+
+-------------------------
+
+THINGS   WORTH   KNOWING
+
+Dr. Lemke's Golden Electric Liniment
+is a powerful pain expeller and a reliable house remedy. It alleviates
+and heals external and internal pain and inflammation, both for man and
+beast. It is an extraordinary and valuable liniment. Price, $1.00 and
+50c.
+
+Dr. Lemke's St. Johannis Drops
+is a valuable medicine. In thousands of cases these drops have
+alleviated pain and cured Sickness; yes, in a great many cases saved
+lives in attacks of spasms, colic, cramps and cholera. In case of
+excitement and anxious feelings in the head and nerves these drops.
+bring quick relief. A very important medicine. Price, 50c and 25c.
+
+Dr. Lemke's Laxative Herb Tea
+has a salutary effect on the whole system in cases of colds,
+biliousness, costiveness and intermittent fevers. It thoroughly cleanses
+the blood, creates appetite, works on the liver, kidneys, bladder and
+produces a regular stool. Price, 50c and 25c.
+
+These remedies have been in use over 40 years and have enjoyed a gradual
+increase in sales through their good work. They are for sale by
+druggists and prepared by
+Dr. H. C. Lemke Medicine Co.,
+1538 Elburn Ave., Chicago
+
+-------------------------
+
+[Illustration: Image of young woman using typewriter.]
+
+TYPEWRITERS
+Special prices for serviceable machines as low as
+$12, $15, and $20
+I sell all makes Rebuilt and some nearly new.
+Write me for special price on any make or model preferred.
+Telephones: Franklin 1737 Automatic 32-326
+WALTER H. FOX,
+106 N. La Salle St., Chicago, Ill.
+
+-------------------------
+
+The Perfect Removable Buffer with 3 Extra Chamois
+The Metal Band being removable, the Chamois may be easily replaced,
+making the polisher practically everlasting. In 4 sizes; 4-1/2, 5, 6 and
+7 inches.
+3 colors: Ebony, Cocobola and Olive wood.
+Manufactured by
+The Manicure Novelty Mfg. Co.
+140 SULLIVAN STREET,
+NEW YORK
+Inquire where you got this book
+
+-------------------------
+
+SANFORD'S INKS
+For Permanent Records
+MUCILAGE, LIBRARY PASTE
+The Only Ink for a fountain Pen
+A Necessity in Every Office and Home
+
+[Illustration: Image of packages.]
+
+-------------------------
+
+You Must Have An Antiseptic Always on Hand
+to protect yourself against disease-breeding Bacteria. Be absolutely
+sure that it is (a) free from poison; (b) reliable; (c) easily applied;
+(d) free from objectionable odor.
+
+How can you be sure of finding these four properties in an antiseptic?
+Read the official reports on SALUBRIN from eminent authorities,
+professors of Medicine in the Royal university of Lund, Sweden. Buy from
+your druggist a bottle of SALUBRIN, and read the circular, containing
+such reports; or drop us a postal card, giving your address, and we will
+mail you absolutely convincing proofs. There is no other antiseptic
+remedy equal to SALUBRIN.
+
+THE SALUBRIN LABORATORY
+Grand Crossing   CHICAGO, ILL.
+
+-------------------------
+
+PARTICULAR PEOPLE DEMAND
+Calder's
+SAPONACEOUS
+Dentine
+Made for 60 years
+It cleans and polishes the teeth, making them white and beautiful. It
+keeps the gums a natural red, the breath fragrant.
+BUY IT ANYWHERE
+The material used in Calder's Dentine is made especially for it.
+
+-------------------------
+
+LUNE DE MIEL
+(HONEYMOON)
+The New Perfume
+A charming new perfume of exquisite odor.
+Cut Glass bottle in satin lined case
+Beautifully put up.
+
+An unusually attractive package at a moderate price. Lune de Miel (the
+French for Honeymoon) is probably the most delightful perfume on the
+market. It's fragrance is not alone pleasing but lasting.
+
+Lune de Miel perfume is now enjoying the same large demand in America as
+it has in Europe.
+
+Lune de Miel Toilette Water, Sachet. Face Powder and Soap.
+THE CROWN PERFUMERY CO. OF LONDON
+30 EAST 20th STREET, NEW YORK
+
+[Illustration: Photograph of perfume bottle and enclosing box.]
+
+-------------------------
+
+[Illustration: Image of woman using product.]
+
+Burnishine Did It!
+
+Warranted not to contain anything injurious to the metal. Works quick
+and easy.
+
+For cleaning or polishing Copper, Brass, Zinc, Tin, Nickel, Silver and
+all kinds of metals.
+
+Put up in cans
+4-oz., 1/2-pint, 1-pint, 1-quart, 2-quart. 1-gallon
+For sale by all dealers
+J. C. PAUL & CO., Mfrs. CHICAGO
+
+-------------------------
+
+MT. CLEMENS BITTER WATER
+Nature's Great Laxative and Tonic
+For Biliousness and Indigestion
+Prepared from and containing all of the Remedial Merit of the famous
+MT. CLEMENS MINERAL WATERS
+The Original
+The Long Green Bottle
+Born in Mt. Clemens 1886
+The dose is small--It's not bad to take--100 per cent. satisfaction
+Analysis and History for the asking
+Mt. Clemens Mineral Springs Water Co.
+Mt. CLEMENS, MICHIGAN
+
+-------------------------
+
+Ask Your Druggist
+The Canton SEAMLESS Hot Water Bottle, as the name implies, is
+SEAMLESS--it cannot possibly leak. The highest grade materials are used
+in its construction, making it the most DURABLE seamless water bottle
+ever devised. Guaranteed two years. Made in all sizes.
+Ask Your Druggist
+
+-------------------------
+
+[Illustration: Image of spray can.]
+
+"Dead Stuck" for Bugs
+Big Bugs, Little Bugs--
+All sorts of Bugs are exterminated by "DEAD STUCK"
+Price 25 Cents per Can--All Druggists
+Manufactured by
+THE PENN CHEMICAL CO., Inc.
+Philadelphia. Pa.
+
+-------------------------
+
+SANITAS
+THE BEST DISINFECTANT
+Powerful, Fragrant and Non-poisonous
+"Sanitas" Disinfecting Fluid, 20-oz. bottle, 40 Cents
+"Sanitas" Crude Disinfecting Liquid, 8-oz. bottle, 25 Cents
+"Sanitas" Oil, 4-oz. bottle, 40 Cents
+"Sanitas" Jelly (Salve), 4-oz. jar, 40 Cents
+"Sanitas" Disinfecting Toilet Soap, per cake, 15 Cents
+Remember an ounce of prevention is better than a pound of cure.
+Write for book, "How to Disinfect."
+THE "SANITAS" CO., U. S. A.
+636 to 642 West 55th Street, New York
+
+-------------------------
+
+For 90 Years
+GRAY'S OINTMENT
+Has stood the test for Burns, Boils, Carbuncles, Sores of All Kind,
+Frost-Bite and all External Inflammations.
+A box should be kept in every home. Immediate application to the wound
+has saved thousands of cases of Blood-Poison.
+25 cents from your Druggist or
+W. F. GRAY & CO.
+Nashville, Tenn.
+Write for Booklet.
+
+-------------------------
+
+Dr. Lindley's Golden Remedy FOR EPILEPSY
+15 Years of Successful Treatment
+Golden Remedy has stood the test of time; it is no new thing, but a well
+tried remedy which stands alone as the only medicine that will stop Fits
+in 24 hours; of course to do away with them altogether it must be taken
+from 1 to 3 years, although many cases have been cured in much less time
+than this, depending upon the severity of the case. Golden Remedy is
+also of great value in the treatment of the following troubles:
+Nervous Headache.
+Great Nervous Excitability.
+Insomnia or Sleeplessness.
+Hysteria.
+St. Vitus Dance.
+Spasms and Convulsions of Men, Women and Children.
+
+[Illustration: Image of package.]
+
+-------------------------
+
+Those Who Seek the Best Get
+Borden's Malted Milk
+Those Who Accept Substitutes are Losers
+Malted Milk Dept.
+BORDEN'S CONDENSED MILK CO.
+NEW YORK
+
+-------------------------
+
+[Illustration: Image of hand holding syring with.]
+
+EVERY WOMAN is interested and should know about the wonderful
+Marvel Whirling Spray Syringe
+
+The Marvel by reason of its peculiar construction, dilates and flushes
+the vaginal passage with a volume of whirling fluid, which smooths out
+the folds and permits the injection to come in contact with its entire
+surface, instantly dissolving and washing out all secretions and
+discharges.
+
+Ask your druggist for it. If he cannot supply the MARVEL, accept no
+other, but send stamp for illustrated book--sealed. It gives full
+particulars and directions invaluable to ladies. Address
+MARVEL CO.
+44 East 23d Street,
+New York
+For Sale where you got this book. $3.00
+
+-------------------------
+
+"WHERE THERE'S LIFE, THERE'S HOPE"
+Rev. W. W. Brown's Asthma Remedy
+A Preventive of Paroxysms or Choking Spells.
+All we ask for this wonderful remedy is a fair trial.
+Why not try it?
+Address: W. W. BROWN, Sioux City, Iowa
+
+-------------------------
+
+PECKHAM'S CROUP REMEDY
+Is the Children's safe-guard for Cough, Colds, Croup, Whooping Cough.
+Mothers, get a bottle to-day, you may need it to-night.
+Sold where you got this book. 35c
+
+-------------------------
+
+CHAVETT DIPHTHERIA PREVENTIVE
+50 Cents
+A pleasant fruity syrup, used by thousands of families to safeguard
+children against Diphtheria, Scarlet Fever, Diseased Tonsils and all
+throat infections. It should always be kept on hand for immediate use.
+Its value is well worth knowing.
+
+-------------------------
+
+CHAVETT SOLACE
+50 Cents
+A standard household remedy for all distressed conditions, Neuralgic or
+Rheumatic. A comforting insurance against loss of time due to pain,
+headache or la grippe. One bottle proves its value.
+CHAVETT LABORATORY, 200 W. 61st Street, Chicago
+
+-------------------------
+
+[Illustration: Image of package.]
+
+"LUSTR-ITE"
+A brand on Manicure Goods which is recognized and stamped with the
+approval of its thousands of users. Standing for purity and quality of
+manufacture.
+LUSTR-ITE Specialties are sold by
+The Central Drug Company,
+State and Washington St., Chicago.
+The Floridine Manufacturing Co.
+NEW YORK
+
+-------------------------
+
+Shaving Comfort
+Found only in a tube of
+Bonheim's Shaving Cream
+NO SOAP
+NO CUP
+NO TROUBLE
+PRICE PER LARGE TUBE
+25 CENTS
+IF YOUR DEALER CANNOT SUPPLY YOU SEND 25 CENTS TO US AND A
+FULL SIZE TUBE WILL BE MAILED TO YOUR ADDRESS.
+SAVOY DRUG & CHEMICAL CO.
+CHICAGO.
+
+[Illustration: Image of man shaving.]
+
+-------------------------
+
+Physiological Tonicum
+
+This is what may be described as a scientific iron tonic. In it the
+Ferric and Ferrous Oxides are combined in exactly the same proportions
+as they are found combined in the normal human blood; hence it is that
+the Physiological Tonicum is a blood maker, or, if the term be
+preferred, blood purifier--it corrects the blood. Thus it is that this
+tonic (which may be used in connection with other medicine) is useful in
+nearly all diseases, save such as are characterized by plethoric states,
+or full-bloodedness.
+
+In any instance where the physician wants to prescribe iron which will
+cause no untoward effects, such as disturbing the stomach, affecting the
+teeth, etc., this PHYSIOLOGICAL TONICUM is the best preparation of iron
+he can find in the market.
+
+Price 4-ounce bottle, 50 cents.
+Price 12-ounce bottle. $1.25.
+Prepared solely by Boericke & Tafel, Publishers of Hensel's Scientific
+Works in the United States and Germany and sole authorized depositaries
+for his Physiological preparations.
+For Sale by the Store where you got this book.
+
+-------------------------
+
+Everybody Admires a Beautiful Complexion.
+DR. T. FELIX GOURAUD'S
+Oriental Cream or Magical Beautifier
+
+An Indispensable and Delightful Toilet Requisite for Fashionable Women.
+A daily necessity for the ladies' toilet whether at home or while
+traveling. It protects the skin from injurious effects of the elements,
+gives a wonderfully effective beauty to the complexion. It is a perfect
+non-greasy Toilet Cream and positively will not cause or encourage the
+growth of hair which all ladies should guard against when selecting a
+toilet preparation. When dancing, bowling or other exertions heat the
+skin, it prevents a greasy appearance.
+
+Gouraud's Oriental Cream has been highly recommended by physicians,
+actresses, singers and women of fashion for over half a century and
+cannot be surpassed when preparing for daily or evening attire.
+
+Gouraud's Oriental Cream cures Skin Diseases and relieves Sunburn.
+Removes Tan, Pimples, Blackheads, Moth Patches, Rash, Freckles and
+Vulgar Redness, Yellow and Muddy Skin, giving a delicately clear and
+refined complexion which every woman desires.
+
+No. 11.  For sale by Druggists and Fancy Goods Dealers.
+Ferd. T. Hopkins, Prop.,
+37 GREAT JONES STREET,
+New York
+
+[Illustration: Image of package.]
+
+[Illustration text]
+Oriental Cream
+or
+Magical Beautifier
+Trade Mark
+THE MOST ELEGANT AND DELICATE
+PREPARATION FOR THE SKIN EVER INVENTED
+For Tan, Pimples, Freckles, Morphew & All Blemishes of the Cuticle.
+Prepared by
+Ferd. T. Hopkins,
+Successor to
+T. Felix Gouraud
+37 Great Jones St. - New York
+Price $1.50 per bottle.
+[End Illustration text]
+
+-------------------------
+
+Employed and prescribed by leading Physicians Everywhere.
+SIMPLEX STEAM VAPORIZERS LEAD
+Size 5x8 Nickel Plate
+Complete Croup Kettles, Warm Vapor Inhalers and Nursery Vaporizer.
+No. 1 with 8 oz.
+  Boiler and restricted Alcohol Flame, Complete            Price $1.50
+
+No. 2 with 8 oz.
+  Boiler al Copper Boiler and Jacket, handsome instrument   Price 1.00
+
+No. 3 with 16 oz.
+  Boiler Hospital Size with restricted alcohol lamp         Price 2.00
+
+No. 4 with 20 oz.
+  Boiler with Retaining Chest works 1/2 hour with flame      Price .75
+
+No. 6 with 16 oz.
+  Boiler A kettle with improved vent tube, highly finished   Price .25
+
+SIMPLEX INHALERS and BENZOIN KETTLES
+For Whooping Cough, Grip, Colds, Lost Voice Bronchitis, Singers',
+Speakers' and Smokers' Throats. Delivered postpaid with Direction and
+Formulae.
+
+SIMPLEX LAMP MFG. CO.,   Brooklyn, N. Y.
+Geo. H. Bells Patents
+Sold at all leading drug stores.
+
+[Illustration: Image of boiler and heat lamp.]
+
+------------------
+
+Nardine
+A name to be remembered by every housekeeper, as it is the name of one
+of the best household remedies on earth. It is divided into a series of
+specifics. Each specific is intended to eliminate a certain group of
+disorders as follows:
+
+No. 1. Catarrh, cold in the head, grip, neuralgia, hay fever, asthma.
+
+No. 2. Eczema, itching, salt-rheum, sunburn, mosquito bites, boils,
+burns, bruises, chapped and cracked hands, and all forms of skin
+eruptions.
+
+No. 3. Sore throat, bronchitis, lung trouble, whooping cough, croup.
+
+No. 4. For indigestion (catarrh of the stomach) cause sour stomach and
+foul breath.
+
+No. 5. For piles and chafing.
+
+No. 6. For Chilblains, tender feet, callouses, bunions, and corns.
+
+No. 7. For complexion, blackheads, pimples, skin eruptions.
+
+No. 8. For toothache, headache, earache, deafness.
+
+Sold by all leading druggists everywhere. Price 25 cents or sent direct
+from this office on receipt of price. Trial box free.
+
+Nardine Med. Co,    Schenectady, N. Y.
+
+-------------------------
+
+WE SELL ALEXANDER'S REMEDY FOR ASTHMA and HAY FEVER
+"Don't fail to give it a trial"
+
+-------------------------
+
+The Sweet Babee Nursing Bottle
+
+Patented May 3, 1910
+
+Has no neck, therefore is washed on the inside like a tumbler, and
+filled without a funnel. Every mother is familiar with this style
+nipple; we have simply added the large bottom to fit the opening of the
+bottle. It is reversible and will not collapse. Endorsed by doctors and
+nurses as the most sanitary nursing bottle made. For sale by all
+druggists. Price complete 25c.
+
+THE YANKEE CO., Mfrs., Utica, N. Y.
+
+-------------------------
+
+WHITTEMORE'S POLISHES
+
+THE OLDEST AND LARGEST MANUFACTURERS OF SHOE POLISH IN THE WORLD
+
+FINEST IN QUALITY
+
+LARGEST IN VARIETY
+
+Below we mention some of our Special Brands:
+
+"GILT EDGE" Oil Polish
+
+Blacks and polishes ladies' and children's boots and shoes; SHINES
+WITHOUT RUBBING; always READY for use. Price 25c.
+
+"DANDY" Combination for cleansing and polishing ALL kinds of russet or
+tan boots and shoes. Price 25c. "STAR" size, 10c. Also Oxblood and Brown
+Combinations in same sizes and at same prices.
+
+"ELITE" Combination for those who take pride in having their shoes look
+A-1. Restores color and lustre to all black shoes. Polish with a brush
+or cloth. Price 25c "BABY ELITE" size, 10c.
+
+"FRENCH GLOSS." For blacking and polishing ladies' and children's boots
+and shoes; SHINES WITHOUT RUBBING. (See cut.) Price 10c.
+
+"QUICK WHITE" makes dirty CANVAS shoes clean and white. In liquid form
+so it can be quickly and easily applied. No white dust. Will not rub
+off. A sponge in every package, so always READY for use. Two sizes, 25c
+and 10c.
+
+"BULLY SHINE." A waterproof paste polish for all kinds of black shoes
+and old rubbers. Blacks, polishes, softens and preserves. Contains oils
+and waxes to polish and preserve the leather. Large tin boxes, Price
+10c. Boxes open with a key.
+
+Ask for Whittemore's Shoe Polishes if you want the BEST,
+
+[Illustration: Images of packages.]
+
+-------------------------
+
+[Illustration: Images of packages.]
+
+Leslie Safety Razors
+AND SPIRAL STROPPER
+LESLIE STANDARD
+The Shaving Outfit of the World
+
+Contains Leslie Safety Razor and Spiral Stropper and 6 Leslie Blades.
+
+Pronounced by its users to be far in advance of all other shaving and
+stropping devices.
+
+In handsome leather lined and covered case.
+No.1. Special Leslie Finish   $5.00
+No.2. Gold Plated   7.50
+
+-------------------------
+
+LESLIE TOURIST
+The Leslie Tourist Safety Razor with 12 Leslie blades, identical with
+the $5.00 outfit with the exception of the Leslie stropper. The true
+test of any razor is the blade, and without reservation or
+qualification, we pronounce this the finest and most efficient "No Hone,
+No Strop" Safety Razor ever produced. This outfit will out-shave and
+out-last all other makes of safety razors and, in doing so, will afford
+far greater comfort and satisfaction. In handsome leather lined and
+covered case.
+No.3. Special Leslie Finish   $3.50
+No.4. Gold Plated.     5.00
+
+-------------------------
+LESLIE JUNIOR
+The Vest Pocket Safety Razor
+Realizing the enormous demand for a really first-class Safety Razor that
+will far excel all others now in use, at the popular price of $1.00, we
+have brought out the Leslie Junior Safety Razor which consists of the
+unequaled Leslie Holder and six regulation Leslie blades. In handsome
+leather lined and covered case.
+No. 5. Special Leslie Finish   $1.00
+No. 6. Gold Plated   2.00
+
+MADE BY
+Leslie Manufacturing Company, Boston, U. S. A.
+
+-------------------------
+
+Retain a "Bloom of Youth" By Using
+Luxtone Beauty Secret
+
+A dainty invisible CREAM POWDER and SKIN TONIC combined, which freshens
+the complexion and tones down the HARD LINES as tho' by magic. It FEEDS
+the tissue, REFINES the texture, INSTANTLY beautifies, and PERMANENTLY
+benefits.
+
+ONLY under the Luxtone label will you find the REAL "Beauty Secret."
+Accept NO other, for THEN YOU ARE SAFE, Price 75c, 50c, 25c.
+
+LUXTONE RUBITINT. A delicate coloring for cheeks and lips; when combined
+with the "Beauty Secret," produces an effect truly captivating. Price
+50c, 25c.
+
+LUXTONE ALMONDOLIVE CREAM. The cream for making flesh and banishing
+wrinkles. Price $1.00.
+
+LUXTONE COLD CREAM. The cream that cleanses clear through. Price 50c,
+25c.
+
+LUXTONE CUCUMBER CREAM. The only cream for sunburn. Price 50c.
+
+Manufactured only by
+BLANCHE W. MOE,
+314 W. 42nd Street   NEW YORK, N. Y.
+
+[Illustration: Image of package.]
+
+-------------------------
+
+[Illustration: Image of package.]
+
+Look for our Trade Mark
+
+El Perfecto
+Veda Rose Rouge
+A WONDERFUL BEAUTIFIER
+
+Sold in the highest class stores in many places all over the world. It
+is famous for giving a perfectly natural tint to the cheeks.
+
+This article of great merit has been manufactured by the El Perfecto
+Veda Rose Co. for over fourteen years, is harmless and never fails to
+give satisfaction. Any rouge bordering on the shade of El Perfecto Veda
+Rose is an imitation. Use the original which is known to be the most
+perfectly natural shade ever before manufactured.
+
+El Perfecto Veda Rose CO.
+SAN FRANCISCO, CAL.
+
+-------------------------
+
+SANDHOLM'S SKIN LOTION is a clear liquid used externally. Eradicates all
+skin and scalp trouble by absorbing the germ--returns the skin to normal
+condition. IT HAS NO EQUAL for
+
+Salt rheum, Eczema, Rash, Tetter (Herps), Scald head, Milk scald, Plant
+poisoning, Hives, Mosquito bites, Small burns or scratches, Barbers'
+Itch, Parasitic diseases, Scaly or scabby eruptions of the skin, Itching
+piles, Acne, Psoriasis, Pimples, Blackheads, Cracked hands and lips,
+etc. A perfect antiseptic after shaving.
+
+WHAT IS MORE DESIRABLE THAN A CLEAR, HEALTHY SKIN? Remove the blotches,
+Pimples and hideous red marks by the free use of SANDHOLM'S LOTION. When
+used as a massage, Sandholm's Lotion is the greatest skin beautifier
+ever discovered, and produces that velvety softness of the skin which is
+so much admired. One trial will convince you of its merits.
+
+Manufactured by
+SANDHOLM DRUG CO.
+Des Moines, Iowa
+
+-------------------------
+
+ABILENA
+America's Truest and Purest Natural Laxative.
+One of the most remarkable of all natural phenomena is the
+FAMOUS WELLS OF ABILENA
+from which flows a perfect laxative water.
+
+Scientists of today, with the accumulated knowledge of 1,000 years to
+guide them, have not been able to manufacture a harmless, non-irritating
+laxative which relieves constipation and stimulates the liver as AbilenA
+Water does.
+
+You will never need laxative medicines of any kind--pills, tablets,
+capsules, salts, artificial waters--if you occasionally drink a
+wine-glass of AbilenA when conditions call for a laxative or cathartic.
+
+AbilenA comes to you pure--just as it flows from the Famous Wells of
+AbilenA--harmless as the water you drink--clear, sparkling, vitalizing.
+It flushes and cleanses the system thoroughly, and in the gentlest way
+possible. Instead of irritating the delicate membranes of the stomach
+and bowels, as drugs and artificial waters are very apt to do, it
+relieves congestions and soothes these membranes, and it stimulates
+liver activities.
+
+There is no magic in the name, AbilenA, nor no special virtue simply
+because it happens to be America's only natural cathartic water, but its
+splendid clinical value and effect is due solely to the fact that
+AbilenA is almost wholly pure and true Sodium Sulphate--the world's
+truest representative of this ideal laxative and reconstructive base,
+All the other waters on the markets are largely solutions of Epsom
+salts, consequently are nauseous, harsh and irritating. The same thing
+is more or less true with pills, powders and the manufactured
+cathartics.
+
+AbilenA is a safe, sure, inexpensive laxative and cathartic, convenient
+and pleasant to take, suited for old and young alike, a cure for
+constipation and biliousness, and truly the ideal family remedy.
+
+AbilenA is America's Only Bottled Natural Cathartic Water.
+
+We will mail, free, upon application, "The Natural Method," an
+interesting booklet on the importance of normal elimination and a study
+of the comparative values of the better known cathartics.
+
+THE ABILENA COMPANY
+Frank M. Gier, M. D., Pres.
+ABILENE, KAN.
+
+-------------------------
+
+[Illustration: Image of two men.]
+
+THE SAD STORY OF MY FATHER'S GREAT SUFFERING FROM CANCER
+
+Read the following and be convinced. There's hope for you.
+
+Forty-five years ago my father, who was himself a doctor, had a vicious
+cancer that was eating away his life. The best physicians in America
+could do nothing for him. After nine long years of awful suffering, and
+after the cancer had totally eaten away his nose and portions of his
+face (as shown in his picture here given) his palate was entirely
+destroyed together with portions of his throat. Father fortunately
+discovered the great remedy that cured him. He lived over 40 years and
+no return of the disease.
+
+The same discovery has now thousands who were threatened with operation
+and death. And to prove that this is the truth we will give their sworn
+statement if you will write us. Doctors, Lawyers, Mechanics, Ministers,
+Laboring Men, Bankers and all classes recommend this glorious
+life-saving discovery, and we want the whole world to benefit by it.
+
+HAVE YOU CANCER, Tumors, Ulcers, Abscesses, Fever Sores, Goitre, Catarrh,
+Salt-Rheum, Rheumatism, Piles, Eczema, Scald Head, or Scrofula in any form?
+
+Ask your Druggist for MIXER'S CANCER & SCROFULA SYRUP.
+
+It will cost you nothing to learn the truth about this wonderful home
+treatment without the knife or caustic. And if you know anyone who is
+afflicted with any disease above mentioned, you can do them a Christian
+act of kindness by telling them of our great treatment and how to get
+it.
+
+Forty years' experience guarantees success. Ask your Druggist for
+illustrated Booklet FREE, showing half tones of many people cured, with
+their testimonials.
+
+Manufactured by
+MIXER MEDICINE CO., 151 Jefferson St., HASTINGS, MICH.
+
+-------------------------
+
+YOUR FEET
+as well as any part of your body, should be properly treated and taken
+care of. If you are in need of a positive and GUARANTEED Remedy,
+something entirely different from the every-day-SO-CALLED "CORN CURES,"
+an article for removing CORNS and CALLOUSES, and for Relief of PAINFUL
+BUNIONS--Buy a 25c tube of
+
+Goodwin's Chiropody Corn Salve
+
+[Illustration: Image of package.]
+
+-------------------------
+
+For tired, aching, swollen, bad-smelling or burning feet there is
+nothing to compare with
+Goodwin's Foot powder.
+These articles are for sale and recommended by your druggist.
+Man'f'd by
+Goodwin German Foot Remedy Co.
+Chicago, Ill.
+
+[Illustration: Image of package.]
+
+-------------------------
+
+[Illustration: Photograph of young woman smiling.]
+
+Strong's
+Arnica Tooth Soap
+Cleanser and Mouth Wash In One
+
+Polishes the teeth to dazzling whiteness, while its fragrant antiseptic
+foam reaches every part of the mouth--neutralizing all tooth-destroying
+acids, preventing discoloration and decay.
+
+Strong's Arnica Tooth Soap
+comes in a handy metal box--nothing to break or spill. A convenient cake
+that insures beautiful teeth, healthy, gums and a sweet breath. At your
+druggist, 25 cents.
+
+Strong's Arnica Jelly
+Keeps Your Skin Smooth
+No need to endure the discomfort of sunburn or winter chapping. Apply
+with finger tips, rub gently into pores. In collapsible metal tubes, 25
+cents.
+
+NOTE.--If your druggist does not have these goods, send price to us. We
+will forward them prepaid.
+
+Guaranteed under the Food and Drug Act, June 30, 1906. Serial No. 1612
+C. H. STRONG & CO., Chicago, U. S. A.
+
+-------------------------
+
+Delays are dangerous
+unexpected changes are apt to bring on Coughs and Colds.
+
+MARES COUGH BALSAM
+will not allow a Cold or Cough to run to the dangerous point. It checks
+the irritation and drives out the inflammation. If you have children you
+ought to have a bottle of this medicine on the mantel. 25c a bottle at
+all Drug Stores.
+
+Mares Cathartic Capsules tone the stomach, help the liver and clean the
+bowels.
+
+-------------------------
+
+FOR WOMEN
+ORANGE BLOSSOM
+Dr. J. A. McGill's Famous Female Suppositories
+Are a famous remedy for all female diseases.
+The Orange Blossom is simple and harmless.
+Every lady can treat herself.
+Suffering women call and get a free sample and book telling how
+At the store where you got this book. $1.00
+
+-------------------------
+
+Grube's Method
+After 3 minutes, no pain!
+For Complete Eradication of
+TOE CORNS, SOLE CORNS, BUNIONS, CALLOUSES, SOFT CORNS, HEEL
+CORNS.
+
+Kills the Seed. Leaves Smooth Skin
+
+One Drop Corn Remover
+
+ADVISE no cutting with knife.
+
+USE eraser to remove hard part. Rub well.
+
+APPLY "One Drop," covering corn completely to kill seed of the trouble;
+cover it with tissue paper; peel it off third day.
+
+RESULT a normal smooth skin. Put cotton between toes when soft corns.
+
+PRICE 25 CENTS
+
+When Properly Applied, Gives Relief in 3 Minutes.
+
+EXCELSIOR CHEMICAL COMPANY, 3100 State Street, Chicago.
+
+For Sale at the Store where you got this book.
+
+[Illustration: Photograph showing product in use on foot.]
+
+-------------------------
+
+"Look Out for the Pennies, and the Dollars Will Take Care of Themselves"
+                                                       --An Old Saying
+
+Look Out For the Blood Cells and the Body Will Take Care of Itself
+
+You can't expect to be well, or to ever accomplish much in the world if
+the blood and nerve cells are lacking strength and vitality. As the
+blood races through your body--head and brain, every little cell should
+be brim full of life and power. Then you feel the vim and "go" that will
+make you a power among your fellow men. No nervousness, no indecision,
+no signs of the weakling if you use Dr. Hoag's
+
+CELL TISSUE TONIC
+
+The great nerve and tissue builder. This goes straight to the cells of
+the blood and enriches them and puts new strength into them so they can
+combat and throw off disease.
+
+This is undoubtedly the greatest and grandest REBUILDER AND STRENGTHENER
+that modern medicine has produced.
+
+Cell Tissue Tonic is particularly recommended for Paleness and Weakness,
+Debilitation, Stomach and Bowel Trouble (of both infants and adults),
+Hysteria, Fainting Spells, Insomnia (sleeplessness) and Poor
+Assimilation of Food.
+
+All druggists sell Dr. Hoag's Cell Tissue Tonic. Price $1.00 per bottle.
+Or it is sent direct upon receipt of price. Address Dr. C. A. Hoag
+Company, 25 West Kinzie St., Chicago, Ills.
+
+Dr. Hoag's "Home Doctor Book" contains instructions on care of sick and
+sick room as well as much other valuable information. Sent to anyone
+FREE upon request.
+
+DR. C. A. HOAG CO., Chicago, Ill.
+
+-------------------------
+
+Wright's Rheumatic Remedy
+Wright's Catarrhal Balm
+Two Great Medicines
+
+These well known Canadian Medicines are of a high order of excellence
+and of the greatest value. Prompt in action and relief.
+
+Try a bottle of WRIGHT'S RHEUMATIC REMEDY for your rheumatism. It
+dissolves Uric acid quickly, stops pain, takes out the grit in the
+joint, establishes a good circulation, very soon puts the patient on the
+road to ease and comfort. A truly wonderful medicine. One dose a day.
+Usually one bottle sufficient. Just one Dollar.
+
+All Singers, Speakers, Voice users, Children, in fact everybody should
+use WRIGHT'S ANTISEPTIC CATARRH BALM. It clears out the head, stops the
+ringing noises, heals the tender places, keeps the germ away, gives the
+clear voice, clean throat, and free air passages. "Just a little on the
+finger tip" inserted in the nostril during the day, and upon retiring
+works wonders. Keep a box handy, it saves the doctor bill. 50 cents per
+box.
+
+The Wright Medicine Co.
+PERU, INDIANA
+or from
+The Central Drug Co.
+Cor. State & Washington Sts., CHICAGO, ILL.
+
+-------------------------
+
+ONE OF THE "THINGS WORTH KNOWING" IS THAT
+Dr. J. D. Kellogg's Asthma Remedy
+DOES RELIEVE Asthma and Hay Fever
+25 CENTS AND ONE DOLLAR
+Free Sample on Request
+NORTHROP & LYMAN CO., Inc.   Buffalo, N. Y.
+
+-------------------------
+
+One of the Best External Remedies Known
+
+The Dr. D. P. Ordway Plasters
+
+A broad statement, yet true. Better than filling the system up with drugs.
+
+Rheumatism, Weak Lungs, Asthma, Backache, Lumbago, Strains, Bronchitis,
+Female Weakness and all other transient aches and pains. A strengthening
+support wherever applied.
+25c each
+
+-------------------------
+
+We are headquarters for A. P. W. Brand Toilet Paper. A light, soft
+tissue of the finest quality, made from absolutely clean, pure stock.
+
+We will deliver anywhere in the city 10,000 sheets and a handsome
+nickel-plated holder for the sum of  $1.00
+
+Send us a trial order and be convinced that the A. P. W. Brand is not
+only the best but also the most economical toilet paper on the market.
+
+CENTRAL DRUG COMPANY, Chicago or Detroit
+INDEPENDENT DRUG COMPANY,   Chicago
+AUDITORIUM PHARMACY COMPANY, Chicago
+ASHLAND DRUG COMPANY, Chicago
+CONGRESS DRUG COMPANY, Chicago
+STANDARD DRUG COMPANY,   Cleveland
+
+-------------------------
+
+RAT-NOX
+Destroys Rats, Mice and Roaches
+
+(Do not die in house)
+
+Most economical and effective remedy.
+
+In self sealing boxes made with a view to convenience in handling,
+15 and 25 cents.
+OMEGA NOVELTY COMPANY,   Milwaukee, Wis.
+
+-------------------------
+
+Test It Yourself--FREE
+
+A real Hair Restorative? Yes--that's just it--a real one at last--one
+that invigorates the roots and promotes the restoration of the hair to
+its original beauty, luxuriance and color.
+
+Better than any argument is the Restorative itself--for you to try. We
+are only too glad to throw ourselves wholly on the merits of Golden Rule
+Hair Restorative, so we years ago set aside thousands of dollars to
+spend on big free Sample bottles.
+
+If we didn't know what our preparation would do this would be reckless
+extravagance. But we do know and believe that the quickest way to help
+you to find it out is to place a bottle of it in your bands.
+
+We know the annoyance of having one's hair fall and turn gray, perhaps
+while you are still young. It is the result perhaps of some unusual
+worry or care, but that does not prevent friends and neighbors from the
+knowing nod that says, "Growing old."
+
+Not so, it is only a run down condition of the roots of the hair--just
+as the body gets run down. But you should not permit this. It is not
+necessary and this needless look of age impairs your usefulness and
+popularity in society and business.
+
+Golden Rule Hair Restorative simply invigorates the roots--waking them
+up--toning them up--rejuvenating them until they are rendered lively and
+vigorous as in youth, The obvious result is that the growth of the hair
+is promoted. Hair can starve and wither like any plant that gets its
+life from its roots. If the roots are vigorous and healthy, the hair is
+bound to be natural.
+
+We want you to accept a large sample bottle with our compliments.
+
+We want you to know what a remarkable remedy this is. If you don't need
+it yourself, get it for some friend. The truth is, however, that
+everyone should use Golden Rule Hair Restorative as a dressing for the
+Hair to keep it healthy, just as you use a dentrifice to keep the teeth
+dainty and healthy.
+
+Get this bottle and try it. Remember its continued use tends to stop
+hair from falling by promoting a vigorous growth of healthy hair.
+Remember that it restores color to the hair. It is harmless and a trial
+will convince you that it is just what we claim for it. Send to us
+today, enclosing 10c to pay postage and packing, and the bottle will
+come by first mail--in a plain wrapper with full explanations.
+
+The Citizens' Wholesale Supply Co.
+Department C.   -   Columbus, Ohio
+
+-------------------------
+
+Have You Piles?
+Why Suffer Longer When ROSSMAN'S PILE CURE  IS AT HAND
+
+44-1/2 South St., Glens Falls, N. Y., June 3, 1909.
+G. A. McKinstry, Hudson, N. Y.
+Dear Sir:--By the advice of my druggist, Mr. Bert H. Bentley. I bought
+and used your Pile Cure and have found it a wonder. I have been around
+the world and have used all kinds of salves, but never found anything
+equal to yours.
+
+In the year 1900 I enlisted in the U. S. Regulars and went to the
+Philippines. Was operated upon for hemorrhoids and was all right for
+three months. When itching developed, went to the hospital, where I was
+told I had itching piles.
+
+I have been doctoring for nine years for same and found no relief until
+I used a box of Rossman's Cure. I think it wonderful.
+
+Wishing you further success, I remain,
+Yours very truly,
+WM. F. CARTER.
+Subscribed and sworn before me this 3rd day of June, 1909
+J. E. POTTER, Notary Public.
+
+Mailed on receipt of price, 50 cents.
+Geo. A. McKinstry Successor to A. McKinstry & Son, Druggists
+609 Warren Street,   HUDSON. N. Y.
+
+-------------------------
+
+Don't Wait
+
+Until tomorrow before you investigate our method of treating Drug,
+Liquor and Tobacco addictions with Hill's Chloride of Gold Tablets.
+
+Do it Now
+
+We remove desire of patients we accept for treatment, if directions are
+followed, and do it without pain or suffering. Can be given Secretly
+without the knowledge of the patient. Testimonials SENT FREE. Give it a
+Trial. For sale by Druggists, or sent on receipt of $1.00.
+
+THE OHIO CHEMICAL WORKS
+TOLEDO, OHIO.
+
+-------------------------
+
+There may be other Remedies nearly as good,
+but there are none better than
+ATH-LO-PHO-ROS
+Searles' Remedy for
+Rheumatism and Neuralgia
+Write us for Our Booklets
+  ATHLO-OINTMENT
+  for Stiff and Sore Joints
+
+ATHLO-TABLETS
+for Constipation
+
+THE ATHLOPHOROS COMPANY
+New Haven, Conn.
+
+-------------------------
+
+
+Scheffler's Instantaneous Hair Colorine
+By the use SCHEFFLER'S HAIR COLORINE, the hair may be colored eight
+natural shades.
+
+No. 1. Black         No. 2. Dark Brown
+No. 3. Light Brown   No. 3a. Medium Brown
+No. 4. Dark Drab     No. 5. Light Drab
+No. 6. Auburn        No. 7. Blonde
+
+This colorine has been the recognized standard for 25 years and is easy
+to apply. Directions come with each box. The shades obtained by the use
+of Scheffler's Hair Colorine are natural looking also leaves the hair
+soft and glossy.
+
+NEW YORK HAIR COMPANY
+737 Broadway, N. Y. City.
+Sole Agents and Distributors
+For Sale where you got this book. Price $1.00
+
+-------------------------
+
+NEW KIND SALTED PEANUTS
+Did you ever try them? If not, you ought to ask your Druggist,
+Confectioner or Grocer for them at once and insist on having no other
+kind but "Marple Bros. New Kind Salted Peanuts." If you buy them once
+you will never again buy any of the other cheap kinds.
+
+Our peanuts are prepared so different from the old way, making them very
+nutritious and healthy. They are especially favored by the ladies to
+serve at all social functions. Once you try them, you will always buy
+them. Put up only by
+
+MARPLE BROS., Toledo. O.   For Sale where you got this book.
+
+-------------------------
+
+TANGLEOOT
+THE ORIGINAL
+FLY PAPER
+For more than 25 years the standard of quality
+All others are imitations
+
+[Illustration: Image of package.]
+
+-------------------------
+
+THE BEST PERFUMES ARE MADE BY
+SEGUIN ET CIE
+FRENCH PERFUMERS
+WE CARRY A FULL LINE
+
+-------------------------
+
+[Illustration: Image of bottle and nipple.]
+
+The Hygeia nursing bottle, with a wide mouth food-cell and a breast, is
+the safest, cleanest, most natural, and simple nursing bottle for the
+feeding of infants. Mothers will make no mistake if they buy the Hygeia.
+It will save them much anxiety and trouble in feeding their babies.
+
+It is widely and generally known, and stands at the head of all nursing
+devices. Be sure you get the Hygeia. The name is on the breast-nipple;
+also, on the food receptacle. Beware of imitations! Beware of
+infringements!
+
+On sale by all druggists.
+Manufactured by the HYGEIA NURSING BOTTLE CO.
+1336 Main St. Buffalo, N. Y.
+
+-------------------------
+
+All of our stores sell
+THE NEW BACHELOR CIGAR
+It's one of the best sellers
+
+-------------------------
+
+W. P. Cabler's
+ROOT JUICE
+(Compound)
+
+TONES, SOOTHES and HEALS the Mucous Linings of the Stomach, Bowels and
+Bladder, INVIGORATES the Liver and Kidneys. UNSURPASSED for General
+Debility, Nervous Weakness, Stomach troubles, Kidney affections and
+General Break-Down. The quick, beneficial results obtained from the use
+of ROOT JUICE is surprising thousands of people throughout the country.
+The compound is certainly a remarkable TONIC STOMACHIC and seems to
+benefit from the very start, all who take it.
+
+Manufactured by W. P. Cabler ROOT JUICE MED. CO., Fort Wayne, Ind.
+
+-------------------------
+
+I-DE-LITE
+CLEANS-DUSTS-POLISHES
+all varnished or waxed woodwork, floors, pianos, furniture, white
+enamel, automobile bodies with ease and satisfaction.
+
+A spoonful on a dampened cheese cloth wiped over the varnish and
+polished with a dry cheese cloth will pick up all the dust, remove the
+grease, smoked or blued spots, cover scratches and restore the original
+lustre or finish.
+
+I-DE-LITE does not contain alcohol, ether, turpentine, benzine, vinegar,
+common paraffine or coal oil, anyone of which will in time ruin fine
+varnish.
+
+Easy to apply, a pleasant and purifying odor.
+
+Manufactured by
+OSCAR S. RHOADS.   FORT WAYNE, IND.
+
+-------------------------
+
+What is SALIODIN?
+Quantitative and Qualitative Analyses
+SALIODIN
+DENSTEN
+
+Manufactured by the Saliodin Chemical Co.
+SCRANTON. PA.
+SALIODIN
+Dose, Grs. X to XXX
+1 Oz.
+
+
+FORMULA
+Each Grs. xx of Saliodin contains approximately:
+Salicylic Acid, (Aceto-Salicylate), Grs. xv
+Iodine (Iodate) Equivalent to Iodide Potass, Grs. xv
+Acetic Acid (Acetate) Equiv. to Acetate Potass, Grs. v
+Aconite, Equiv. to Tr. Aconite R. Gtts. iv
+Bryonia, Equiv. to Tr. Bryonia, Gtts. v
+Colchicum, Equiv. to Vin Colchicum R. Gtts. xv
+Capsicum, Equiv. to Tr. Capsicum Gtts ii
+Oil Gaultheria, m iii
+
+Saliodin is an "Iodated Aceto-Salicylate with Adjuvants" and the
+specific treatment for every form of uric acid diathesis. "Saliodin" is
+a solvent and eliminant of uric acid and is a happy combination of
+Salicylic Acid, Iodine, Acetic Acid, Aconite, Bryonia, Colchicum,
+Capsicum and Gaultheria and chemically appears in the form of a pink
+greyish powder soluble in water 1 to 3--dose grs. X to grs. XXX for the
+exclusive use of physicians--put up in one-ounce bottles; price, per
+ounce, $1.50. Is manufactured only by the Saliodin Chemical Co.
+"Saliodin" is specifically indicated in Rheumatism. Gout, Neuralgia,
+Malaria and La Grippe; is analgesic, antipyrectic, an intestinal
+antiseptic, diaphoretic, diuretic, expectorant, deobstruent, sialagogue,
+cholagogue, emmenagogue, gouocococidal, anti-syphilitic and alterative.
+Doctor, you may prescribe Saliodin with confidence wherever iodine or
+salicylate is indicated. Used both internally and externally.
+
+No Iodism, no Salicylism. Not less than 15 grains at a dose to adults,
+and in acute cases repeat every 2 or 3 hours or oftener. In gonorrhoea,
+Saliodin is a specific.
+
+Peter Van Schaack & Sons, 138 Lake St., Chicago, Ill.  Depositary and
+Distributers for Chicago and tributary district.
+
+London Agents: Messrs. Thomas Christy & Company.
+
+Send for samples and literature to the Saliodin Chemical Co., Scranton,
+Pa., U. S. A.
+
+Guaranteed under the Food and Drug Act of June 30, 1906. No. 383.
+
+-------------------------
+
+[Illustration: Image of package and nurse.]
+
+THE TRAINED NURSE OF THE EMERGENCY WARD OF YOUR HOME.
+
+As a Mouthwash
+As a Gargle
+For the Teeth
+For Cuts
+For Burns
+For Wounds
+For Boils
+Or Mosquitoes
+For Insects
+For Bee Stings
+For the Complexion
+Prevents Pimples and Blotches
+For the Bath--Relieves Skin Eruptions
+For the Toilet--Destroys Body Odors
+After Shaving gives instant relief to tender Skins
+In all cases of emergency meeting anticipation at all times in a hundred
+different ways.
+
+THE GENUINE BEARS THIS SIGNATURE
+  CONSUMERS COMPANY
+
+
+CONSUMERS COMPANY 35TH & BUTLER STS.
+CHICAGO
+
+-------------------------
+
+Don't Forget To Try "Queen Bess" Perfume
+
+One drop of "Queen Bess" has in it the fragrance of a garden in
+bloom--delicate--subtile, clinging, haunting, and elusive--it does not
+force itself upon the senses--it just seems as though it should be.
+
+If you are particularly critical in your choice of perfumes, let us
+convince you in the most forceful way possible that "Queen Bess" is what
+you have been looking for and could not find.
+
+That you may be able to see this matter of "perfumes" from our
+standpoint, we will give you a free sample upon your presenting coupon
+in the back of this book, at the store where you got it.
+
+-------------------------
+
+A GOOD TOILET WATER
+
+But note what that adjective means--"Good." The good things of this life
+are none too many in number, and unfortunately we are forced in nearly
+every instance to prove at our own expense the superiority or
+inferiority of each article, or commodity--whether it be an investment,
+a friend or a household necessity.
+
+A true toilet water is not a luxury--it is an absolute necessity to
+those who appreciate the highest form of health and appearance.
+
+A true toilet water invigorates and adds to the general health of the
+skin tissues.
+
+A true toilet water relieves skin irritations--unreliable imitations
+aggravate them. It is the imitation that is the most costly sort of
+luxury.
+
+The Toilet Water de luxe is Baldwin's Vivian Violet. It is made of only
+the best material, and in its composition--it is the triumph of the art
+of distillation,
+
+The odor of Vivian Violet Toilet Water is delicate though lasting and
+delightful to the most refined taste.
+
+Baldwin's products have a reputation of 40 years behind them. When
+buying your Face Powder, Perfumes and Toilet Water insist on Baldwin's.
+
+Guaranteed under the Food and Drug Act. June 30, 1906. Serial No. 29077.
+The Baldwin Perfumery Co., Chicago
+Perfume, 50c per oz.
+Toilet Water, 4 oz. bot. 50c.
+Face Powder. 50c box
+
+-------------------------
+
+"ITS USE IS A FINE HABIT"
+DROSIS
+
+The snow white odorless powder does not check perspiration.
+
+Easy to use and its effect lasts for hours.
+
+Takes all the odor out of perspiration without injurying the skin or the
+clothing--a pure antiseptic powder.
+
+Is highly recommended by physicians as the best antiseptic and deodorant
+powder for destroying offensive odors of the body.
+
+Its wonderful soothing qualities makes it indispensable in the home.
+Relieves chafing, scalding, sunburn, windburn and nothing can equal it
+after shaving. For bad smelly feet it has no rival.
+
+DROSIS DESTROYS ALL ODORS
+from excessive perspiration, not by overpowering with another odor, but
+by its own process of elimination, effects an entire absence of any odor
+whatsoever,
+
+DROSIS IS NOT ABSORBED BY THE PORES
+and is a necessity, positively indispensable on the toilet table of
+every lady.
+
+DROSIS CONTAINS NO ALUM
+Use Drosis freely after the bath. Write us for a sample
+THE DROSIS COMPANY, 44 Lewis Block, Buffalo, N. Y.
+
+-------------------------
+
+Reduce Your Weight By Bathing
+Use Louisenbad Reduction Salt
+(for The Bath)
+
+Removes superfluous fat and gives a slender firm, stylish figure. Merely
+use a little twice a week in warm water when taking a bath. No need of
+taking drugs or starving yourself; no need of devoting hours to tiresome
+exercise, or of wearing uncomfortable reducing garments. Louisenbad
+Reduction Salt enters the pores in a natural way, prevents formation of
+superfluous fat and reduces it where it exists by transforming the fat
+into strength giving blood and muscle. It brings to your own tub the
+salts such as are found in the reducing bath springs of
+Europe--patronized by royalty, famous for centuries. Endorsed by the
+Medical Profession. Praised by those who have used it.
+
+Wash Away Your Fat
+
+Reduce it by a refreshing, toning bath. Give Louisenbad Reduction Salt a
+fair trial. Price $1 per package or 6 packages for $5. For sale at all
+first class Drug Stores or sent in plain sealed wrapper, express prepaid
+on receipt of price by
+
+Karl Landshut,
+127 Dickey Building   Chicago
+
+-------------------------
+
+GUILD'S GREEN MOUNTAIN
+THE TRIED AND TRUE.
+ASTHMA CURE
+
+Guaranteed under the Food and Drug Act. June 30, 1906. Serial No. 495.
+
+This unrivaled remedy is the result of many years study and experience
+in the special treatment of diseases of the lungs and throat, by Dr. J,
+H. Guild, graduate of  New York Medical College and New York Chemical
+Laboratory, a practitioner in Bellevue and New York Charity Hospital,
+and a physician of recognized ability and distinguished eminence. This
+article has been the standard remedy for Asthma for a quarter of a
+century. It has found its way on its own merits to every civilized
+country on the globe. The growing demand, its great popularity and
+general use stamp it as absolutely the most successful and satisfactory
+remedy that has ever been placed on the market. No other preparation has
+met with such great and uniform success as a permanent cure of Acute or
+Chronic Asthma, especially Spasmodic Asthma. Hay Fever, etc. Absolutely
+harmless; can be used by the most delicate with perfect safety, whether
+young or old, and never falls to give immediate relief and perfect
+satisfaction. Thousands of testimonials from all over the world are
+reciting the most marvelous cures. The remedy is handled by all leading
+wholesale drug houses. Ask your drug house for it.
+
+LARGE SIZE, $1.00.
+SMALL SIZE, $0.25.
+DR. J. H. GUILD; Rupert, Vt.
+
+-------------------------
+
+CARMICHAEL'S GRAY HAIR RESTORER
+Positively Restores Gray or Faded Hair to Its Natural Color
+
+Is not a Dye, but a Restorative.
+
+Clear as water, absolutely harmless, odorless and clean. Contains no
+Sulphur, Lead, or nothing of a sticky or greasy nature. Besides
+restoring it to its natural shade, it renders it soft and fluffy. No
+matter how long your hair has been gray, faded or bleached, Carmichael's
+Gray Hair Restorer will bring it back to its original color.
+
+$1.00 Per Bottle or 6 Bottles for $5.00 Money Back Guarantee
+
+-------------------------
+
+CARMICHAEL'S QUININE HAIR TONIC
+
+Makes the hair soft and fluffy, prevents the formation of dandruff and
+the falling out of the hair. Invigorates the scalp and stimulates the
+growth of the hair.
+
+This Tonic when used in conjunction with Carmichael's Gray Hair Restorer
+simply works in a marvelous manner, "not only removing dandruff and
+stopping the falling out of the hair," but in some way the combination
+of the two, gives the hair a most beautiful, glossy tint, which
+everybody so much desires.
+
+Price 50c a Bottle
+
+-------------------------
+
+SORORITY GIRL TOILET REQUISITES
+
+Our purpose is to supply only the best and highest grade "Toilet
+Preparations" that can be made. These articles possess not only useful,
+but healthful properties, free from all deleterious and dangerous
+substances, therefore, we can positively guarantee them.
+
+Sorority Girl Massage Cream             25 and 50 cts.
+Sorority Girl Skin Tonic                25 and 50 cts.
+Sorority Girl Vanishing Cream           50 cts.
+Sorority Girl Hygienic Bath Oil         50 cts.
+Sorority Girl Beauty Powder             50 cts.
+Sorority Girl Rouge (Paste and Liquid)  25 cts.
+Sorority Girl Eye-Brow Pencils          10 cts.
+Sorority Girl Toilet Water              50 cts. and $1.00
+Sorority Girl Non-Alcoholic Perfume     75 cts.
+Sorority Girl Perfume, per oz           $1.00
+
+Beware of imitations and so-called "just as good" preparations. Insist
+on having the genuine "Sorority Girl" articles.
+
+R. A. CARMICHAEL & CO., Detroit, Michigan
+
+-------------------------
+
+Without Cost,
+We will prove to you
+
+That Young's Victoria Cream is a better cream for your complexion than
+you have ever used before. That there is simply nothing like it for
+keeping the skin in perfect condition. Being made from the sweetest
+absorbable oils it is a perfect skin food. It is antiseptic and will
+remove pimples and eruptions. As a bleaching cream for freckles, tan and
+brown patches there is nothing equal to it. All we ask of you is to try
+it.
+
+Please use the FREE COUPON given in another part of this book.
+
+Young's Victoria Cream, Powder and Soap give the same good results that
+you get in a beauty parlor. Hundreds of parlors are using these goods in
+their work. Young's Victoria Cream, 25 and 50 cents per box; Powder, 35
+cents per box; Soap, 15 cents per cake. Do try this splendid Cream at
+our expense.
+
+Frederick H. Young & Co.
+TOLEDO, OHIO
+
+[Illustration: Image of package.]
+
+-------------------------
+
+[Illustration: Image of package.]
+
+BYRUD'S
+SURE
+Corn and Wart Cure
+STOPS THE PAIN AT ONCE
+Clean and Easy
+Not a plaster to slide all over your foot and make it sore
+Not a greasy salve.
+No rags.
+JUST PAINT IT ON.
+PRICE 15 CENTS
+Byrud's Instant Relief
+Stops Pain and Promptly Cures
+Sprains         Bruises          Toothache
+Neuralgia       Sciatica         Pleurisy
+Pains in back   Pains in chest   Swellings
+Frost bites     Bronchitis       Chilblains
+Croup           Cramps           Lumbago
+Stiff Joints    Rheumatism       Tonsilits
+Hoarseness      Sore throat      Boils
+All Inflammations         Ulcerated Teeth
+
+Byrud's Instant Relief is the safest and most powerful external Remedy
+made. Byrud's Instant Relief is absorbed so readily an quickly that it
+penetrates to the seat of pain and gives immediate relief. Instant
+Relief does not contain any cocaine, morphine or other opiates.
+
+Price 25 cents at all Druggists
+
+-------------------------
+
+TO BREAK UP A COLD IN TWENTY-FOUR HOURS!
+
+Cure Any Cough That is Curable
+
+Get from the drugstore, and mix together in a large bottle, 2 ounces of
+glycerine, 8 ounces of pure whisky and 1/2 ounce of virgin oil of pine.
+Shake well and take a teaspoonful every four hours. It will quickly heal
+any irritation of the mucous surface in throat and bronchial organs.
+
+This formula was used and recommended for many years by the late Dr. W.
+A. Leach, who claimed it would break up a cold in twenty-four hours and
+cure any curable cough. The well-known healing properties of pine, in
+its action on the respiratory organs, are present in the genuine virgin
+oil of pine. This, combined with its absolute freedom from opiates and
+narcotic drugs of any description, makes it an invaluable remedy for the
+family medicine chest.
+
+In the case of young children, a drop of the pine on a little sugar
+provides a pleasant, as well as effective remedy for coughs and colds.
+Oil of pine is also frequently used in this way by preachers and public
+speakers, to relieve hoarseness and other affections of the vocal
+organs. Its effect is almost instantaneous. The genuine virgin oil of
+pine is put up in half-ounce vials for dispensing through druggists and
+prepared only in the laboratories of the Leach Chemical Co., Cincinnati,
+O., who guarantee its freshness and purity.
+
+-------------------------
+
+Is Your Stomach Wrong?
+Suffer with Constipation, Sluggish Liver,
+Dyspepsia, Feel Bad All Over?
+YOU NEED A COURSE OF
+HOLLISTER'S
+ROCKY MOUNTAIN TEA
+
+It Neutralizes the stomach, cleanses the Mucus Membranes, assimilates
+the food you eat, thus giving you all the good there is in your meals,
+regulating the bowels perfectly. For Dyspepsia, sour and distressed
+stomach, do not take large doses but prepare every morning one full dose
+by pouring boiling water over a heaping teaspoonful of the Mixture and
+let it draw out the strength take of the Tea so prepared one-fourth of
+this amount after each meal and at bed time. TRY IT. YOU WILL BE
+SURPRISED AT THE RESULT AFTER A WEEK'S TREATMENT. An unfailing Remedy
+for SICK HEADACHES, RHEUMATISM, BLOOD DISEASES, and all STOMACH, KIDNEY,
+LIVER and BOWEL DERANGEMENTS. Write us care DEPT. C. for special advice
+to meet the requirements of your case. If not sold by your dealer send
+us 35c for a large package, double the size of any 25c package. One
+package contains more health and life giving principles than $5.00 worth
+of any other remedy. The Genuine by
+Hollister Drug Co., Madison, Wis.
+
+-------------------------
+
+Stomach and Liver Trouble
+
+Quickly Cured
+
+Mayr's Wonderful Stomach Remedy is a positive remedy for all Stomach,
+Liver and Intestinal Trouble, Gastritis, Indigestion, Dyspepsia,
+Pressure of Gas around the Heart, Sour Stomach, Distress After Eating,
+Nervousness, Dizziness, Fainting Spells, Constipation, Congested and
+Torpid Liver, Yellow Jaundice, Sick Headache and Gall Stones.
+
+The above ailments are caused by the clogging of the intestinal tract
+with mucoid and catarrhal accretions, backing up poisonous fluids into
+the stomach, and otherwise deranging the digestive system. I want every
+sufferer of these diseases to test this wonderful treatment. You are not
+asked to take this treatment for a week or two before you will feel its
+great benefits--only one dose is usually required. I say, emphatically,
+it a positive, permanent remedy and I will prove it to you if you will
+allow me to.
+
+The most eminent specialists declare that 75 per cent of the people who
+suffer from Stomach Trouble are suffering from Gall Stones. I firmly
+believe that this remedy is the only one in the world that will cure
+this disease. Sufferers of Stomach and Liver troubles and Gall Stones
+should not hesitate a moment, but purchase this remedy at once. I would
+be pleased to send you the names of people who state they have been
+cured of various aliments and speaking the highest praise of this
+medicine. Don't suffer with agonizing pains--don't permit a dangerous
+surgical operation, which gives only temporary relief, when this
+medicine will permanently help you.
+
+You are not asked to take this treatment for a week or two before you
+feel its great benefits. One dose is all that is necessary to prove its
+wonderful powers to benefit.
+
+Absolutely harmless. Guaranteed by the Pure Food and Drug Act. Serial
+No. 25793.
+
+GEO. H. MAYR, Mfg. Chemist
+Mayr Bldg, 154-156 Whiting Street
+CHICAGO
+For Sale and Recommended by Central Drug Stores and Others,
+Price $1.00 a Bottle.
+Worth $100.00.
+
+-------------------------
+
+Crown Headache Powders
+
+A Quick Relief and a Reliable Remedy for Sick Headache, Neuralgia and
+Nervous Affections, Headache Caused by Over-eating, or Drinking, Sudden
+Change, or Exposure, Overwork or Fatigue. An Excellent Remedy for a Bad
+Cold or LaGrippe.
+
+DIRECTIONS:--Place one powder dry on the tongue and swallow with a
+draught of water, or, if convenient, with warm tea or any other warm
+drink. Repeat in twenty minutes if necessary. For children in proportion
+to age.
+
+For a Cold or LaGrippe take one powder with three grains of quinine and
+a warm drink at bed-time.
+
+Trade Mark registered and guaranteed by The F. A. Weck Company under the
+Food and Drugs Act, June 30, 1906. Serial No. 3101.
+
+These powders contain no Morphine, Opium, Anti-pyrine or chloral.
+
+Price 10 cents a package of 4 powders; or 25 cents a box of 12 powders.
+
+If you are unable to obtain them from your druggist send us the price in
+stamps and we will forward them to you by return mail.
+
+THE F. A. WECK CO.
+Manufacturing Pharmacists
+5210 Shattuck Ave.,   BERKELEY, CAL.
+
+-------------------------
+
+USE IN THE PRIVACY OF YOUR BOUDOIR
+And no one need know that you were ever troubled with superfluous hair
+growths.
+
+You will find
+MANDO
+FOR SUPERFLUOUS HAIR
+not only a painless, inexpensive depilatory, but a harmless one as well.
+Used successfully for 15 years.
+
+Don't Experiment With Dangerous Depilatories
+
+Any druggist will tell you that the market is now being flooded with
+preparations loudly claiming to permanently remove superfluous hair
+growths.
+
+Such depilatories often do more harm than good, leaving behind tiny
+scars or blemishes, or a tell-tale redness on the skin--ofttimes even
+injuring the delicate texture.
+
+Isn't it better and safer to buy a preparation like MANDO that has been
+successfully used by thousands of women during the past 15 years. A
+depilatory of established reputation among druggists and department
+stores.
+
+Simply go to any of the Central Drug Co.'s stores and ask for convincing
+proof of Mando's power.
+
+A generous sample will be given free.
+
+Mando leaves no scars, blemishes or red marks on the most delicate skin.
+
+If you would rather write us confidentially do so.
+
+Josephine LeFevre Co., Phila.
+
+-------------------------
+
+Worth Its Weight In Gold
+But It Only Costs a Quarter
+DR. JUCKET'S COMPOUND SALVE
+is a boon and a blessing for all Cuts, Burns, Bruises, Sunburns and
+Sprains.
+
+It should always be on hand for emergencies. This wonderful curative
+Salve is a specific for Kidney Disease, Pleurisy, Bronchitis, Piles,
+Sore Back and Neuralgia.
+
+Its effect is immediate and soothing. Comes in compact form, sealed in
+foil, and always retains its strength.
+
+Full directions in each package.
+Price 25c---at your druggist
+
+[Illustration: Image of package and a sack of money.]
+
+-------------------------
+
+[Illustration: Image of packages.]
+
+Noblesse Toilet Preparations
+The Highest Possible Standard of Purity
+
+Guaranteed by Noblesse Laboratories under the Pure Food and Drugs Act of
+June 30, 1906 Serial No. 21811
+
+Skin Food & Form Builder
+Feeds the tissue, strengthens the muscles and obliterates wrinkles.
+Price 50c
+
+Natural Blush Rouge
+Gives a natural tint to pale cheeks and Lips. Price 25c
+
+Natural Blush Rouge Liquid
+Gives natural tint to pale cheeks and lips. Price 25c
+
+Noblesse Cleansing Cream
+A substitute for soap and water, keeps the skin smooth, clear and
+healthy. Price 50c
+
+Noblesse Cream Bouquet
+is the best Greaseless, Antiseptic, Liquid Face Cream obtainable; it is
+excellent in cases of Sunburn Tan, Chafed and Chapped Skin. Also used by
+Gentlemen of discretion after shaving. Price 25c
+
+Noblesse Finger Nail Powder
+Gives a brilliant and lasting polish and preserves the nail. Price 25c
+
+Noblesse Tooth Powder
+For cleansing and preserving the teeth, and purifying the breath.  Price
+25c
+
+Noblesse Depilatory Powder
+Removes superfluous hair without pain or injury. Price $1.00
+
+Noblesse Delightful Face Powder
+Is chemically pure and keeps the skin as smooth as satin. Three
+shades--Naturelle, Brunette and White. Price 50c
+
+Skin Whitener and Flush Worm Eradicator
+Cleanses the pores of black-heads, pimples, freckles and moth patches
+and bleaches the skin. Price 50c
+
+For Sale and Recommended by
+Central Drug Co., Detroit & Chicago
+Congress Drug Co., Chicago
+Ashland Drug Co., Chicago
+Independent Drug Co., Chicago.
+Auditorium Pharmacy Co., Chicago
+Standard Drug Co., Cleveland
+
+-------------------------
+
+[Illustration: Image of stern looking man.]
+
+Crane's Celebrated Lotion
+For the Hair and Head. Removes Dandruff and Scurf.
+
+Prevents the Hair from falling out. Promotes its growth and Cures Scale
+Heads.
+50c and 75c PER BOTTLE
+
+It is not a dye, will not discolor the hair. Made in Newark for the last
+61 years. Use no other. Send us 10c for sample free.
+
+RAY S. G. MFG. CO.  Manufacturers
+44 Wakeman Ave.  Newark, N. J.
+
+-------------------------
+
+ALBANY CHEMICAL CO.
+Manufacturing Chemists
+ALBANY, N. Y .
+A full line of Medicinal, Photographic and Technical Chemicals.
+Call for A. C. Co. Brand.
+
+-------------------------
+
+Bryans' Great Asthma Remedy
+
+A faithful trial will convince anyone of the true merit and worth of
+Bryans' Asthma Remedy, Professor P. J. De Lara, of Detroit, Mich., says:
+
+"I cannot speak too highly of Bryans' Asthma Remedy; which has been so
+beneficial to me. For over thirty years I have suffered with Asthma and
+have spent thousands of dollars for medicines from the best specialists
+in Europe and America without any relief, and up to three months ago I
+lost hope in any kind of treatment; some reputable doctors told me I
+never could be cured. I then heard of Bryans' Asthma Remedy and took on
+myself to try it. The result astonished me. After using nine or ten
+boxes the disease abated and by degrees left me, and I am glad to say
+that I have no more of those severe spasmodic attacks and consider
+myself permanently cured."
+
+Bryans' Asthma Remedy, 10, 25 & 50 cent Metal Boxes. Made only by
+
+Bryans' Drug House, Rochester, N. Y.
+
+-------------------------
+
+STRAUS BROTHERS COMPANY
+Established 1879
+Distillers, Importers
+Telephone Main 2892 and Automatic 8892
+203-205 East Madison Street,   CHICAGO
+
+[Illustration: Image of wine bottle.]
+
+-------------------------
+
+IT IS SOMETHING WORTH KNOWING THAT RIKER'S ANTISEPTIC TOOTH
+POWDER
+Cleanses without wearing, Polishes without scratching.
+
+And Keeps the Mouth always in Perfect Condition.
+
+See coupon in the back part of this book, tear it out and get a free
+sample. It will be worth the trouble. Also ask to see other Riker
+Requisites for the Toilet. They will interest you.
+
+[Illustration: Image of packages.]
+
+-------------------------
+
+THE SAMURAI PERFUME CO.
+Yokohama   New York
+Importers and Manufacturers
+PERFUMES, POWDERS, CREAMS, SOAPS, ROUGES, SACHETS, ORIENTAL
+ODORS EXCLUSIVELY
+Corylopsis
+Sandalwood
+Orange Blossom
+Cherry Blossom
+Flowery Kingdom
+Geisha
+Lotus
+Rajah
+Mikado
+Delhia
+Ask your dealer for a sample of Samurai Greaseless Massage Cream and
+Corylopsis Talcum, or write us. Dept. C.
+Save Money by buying our 1 lb. size can Corylopsis Talcum.
+PRICE 25C
+
+[Illustration: Image of packages.]
+
+-------------------------
+
+WONDERFUL MISSION of THE INTERNAL BATH
+
+By means of THE "J. B. L. CASCADE"
+
+Have you read of the wonderful cures made by the Internal Bath? Do you
+know that it goes to the root of all disease and eradicates the cause?
+Do you know that many of the greatest physicians in the world endorse
+and prescribe this treatment, and also that among its patrons are some
+of the most distinguished people in all parts of the world, as well as
+hosts of others from whom we have grateful letters, which we should be
+pleased to furnish to those interested upon application?
+
+Do you know that an occasional Internal Bath is a better preventive of
+illness and preserver of health than any other single means? Do you know
+that it makes beautiful complexions? Do you know it cures constipation
+and prevents and cures appendicitis? The record of its benefits reads
+like a revelation to those hitherto unacquainted with it.
+
+It is used by means of the "J.B.L. Cascade"--the only scientific
+appliance for this purpose--by hundreds of the best known people in all
+parts of the world, by innumerable ministers, lawyers, and those persons
+whose intelligence gives unequivocal weight to their testimony.
+
+It is known that seven-tenths of all disease arises from the retention
+of foreign matter in the human system, also that the greater part of
+this waste is held in the colon, which is nature's sewer, hence the
+flushing of this sewer removes the greatest cause of disease. While
+immeasurably the best treatment for constipation, indigestion, etc.,
+there is scarcely any known disease for which the "J.B.L. Cascade" may
+not be confidently prescribed.
+
+This hygienic, drugless treatment saves hundreds of dollars yearly in
+doctors' and druggists' bills. We want to send to every reader of this
+publication, sick or well, a simple statement setting forth this
+treatment. It contains matter which must interest every thinking person.
+Write for our pamphlet. "The What, The Why, The Way," which will we sent
+free on application.
+
+TYRRELL'S HYGIENIC INSTITUTE,
+Dept. 160 B.,  134 W. 65th St., New York City,. U. S. A.
+
+-------------------------
+
+[Illustration: Image of packages.]
+
+"The Old Reliable"
+Planten's  (Trade Mark)
+C&C or Black Capsules
+REMEDY FOR MEN
+AT DRUGGISTS,
+OR TRIAL BOX BY MAIL 50c
+FROM PLANTEN,
+93 HENRY ST. BROOKLYN, NY
+BEWARE OF IMITATIONS.
+
+Rheumatism & Gout
+PROMPTLY RELIEVED BY THE ENGLISH REMEDY
+BLAIR'S PILLS
+SAFE & EFFECTIVE,  50c & $1
+DRUGGISTS.
+OR 93 HENRY ST. BROOKLYN, NY.
+
+-------------------------
+
+Palmer's
+New York
+Since 1847
+Best Perfumes Made
+GUARANTEED TO PLEASE THE MOST FASTIDIOUS
+SOLON PALMER, Perfumer, New York
+FOR SALE BY
+Central Drug Company; Detroit and Chicago
+Independent Drug Company; Chicago
+Auditorium Pharmacy Company; Chicago
+Congress Drug Company; Chicago
+Ashland Drug Company; Chicago
+Standard Drug Company; Cleveland
+
+-------------------------
+
+"Zel"
+Transparent Tooth Brushes
+Exchanged If Bristles Come Out
+As clear and lustrous as crystal glass--Each bunch of bristle, fastened
+with an expanding anchor, cannot loosen. Made in a variety of patterns.
+For Sale at All Toilet Counters
+HOLTON & ADAMS
+(INCORPORATED)
+Sole Agents for the United States and Canada
+29-31 East 22nd St.
+Success Magazine Bldg.
+NEW YORK CITY
+
+-------------------------
+
+GREAT BATH INVENTION
+
+Hundreds of rubber fingers massage impurities out. Water flowing through
+washes impurities away.
+
+Knickerbocker Spraybrush
+
+"Purifies Pores"
+
+Combines shower-shampoo-massage.
+
+You won't bathe in water full of body impurities after using a
+Knickerbocker Spraybrush
+
+Slips over any faucet. Bathes you in fresh flowing water--any
+temperature desired--without waiting for tub to fill.
+
+Gives shower--needle spray--and frictional bath. Saves time, labor and
+water. Absolutely sanitary and self-cleaning.
+
+Ideal for scalp massage and shampoo for men and women. No home should be
+without one. Absolutely guaranteed for one year.
+
+Prices, $3.00 to $5.00 according to size and style.
+Mail Orders promptly attended to.
+
+-------------------------
+
+[Illustration: Image of woman seeing her reflection in the bottom of a
+cooking pan.]
+
+The Housekeeper that wants to keep the pans and other kitchen articles
+bright and clean, the bath room, tile floors, painted walls and
+woodwork, and then take all the stains from the hands,
+
+MUST USE
+Skidoo Soap
+A Creamy Paste, in sanitary cans for only 10c.
+Sold everywhere.
+Made only by
+THE YEAZELL-GOLDSTEIN CORPORATION
+Columbus, Ohio
+
+-------------------------
+
+Dyspepsia Cured Free The Grover Graham Dyspepsia Remedy is sold under a
+positive guarantee that it will cure dyspepsia, heartburn, gastritis or
+any form of stomach disorder, no matter how chronic or severe. Let us
+send you the names and addresses of thousands who have been cured by our
+preparation, when all else had failed. The very first dose removes all
+distress, tones the weak stomach, prevents fermentation and restores
+digestion. When digestion ceases a slow form of starvation begins, and
+the vital organs, deprived of their substance, become debilitated. Good
+digestion is essential to health; proper assimilation of nourishment
+means pure rich blood, strong nerves, sound sleep and makes life worth
+living. The most chronic cases of Stomach Disorder are immediately
+corrected by our remedy. The Grover Graham Dyspepsia Remedy is prepared
+from the McDermott formula, the greatest European Specialist. It is sold
+under a guarantee to cure. Instant relief insured. In evidence of good
+faith we will send, absolutely free of charge to any dyspeptic who has
+not already used our remedy, sufficient of our preparation to
+demonstrate its truly wonderful and remarkable properties, Write Grover
+Graham Co., Newburgh, N. Y., for full particulars, or purchase a trial
+size bottle at the store where you procured "Things Worth Knowing."
+
+-------------------------
+
+SPONGES
+We are headquarters for sponges of every variety. Our buyer makes sponge
+buying a specialty and the selections are most carefully made so that
+our reputation for carrying the finest and largest assortment in this
+market is well known.
+
+Try Our 40 and 60 B:
+
+Genuine Mediterranean Bath Sponges--Bleached
+
+These goods, though not perfect shapes, are as strong and durable and
+just as fine quality as the most expensive grades.
+
+-------------------------
+
+GREAT WESTERN CHAMPAGNE
+
+Half the Cost of Imported
+
+Absence of duty reduces its cost 50 per cent.
+
+Of the six American Champagnes exhibited, Great Western was the only one
+awarded the gold medal at Paris exposition, 1900.
+
+Your grocer or dealer can supply you
+
+Sold everywhere
+Pleasant Valley Wine Co.
+Rheims, N. Y.
+Oldest and Largest Champagne House in America
+
+-------------------------
+
+I-RON-DE-QUOIT
+PORT WINE
+If you are sick or run down, or feel the need of a stimulant, it will
+pay you to exercise care when making your selection. You need something
+that is both a food and a tonic. What could be better than a Pure Wine?
+
+For seventy-eight years Irondequoit Port has been sought for this
+purpose. It is pure, nourishing and distinctive in BODY and FLAVOR, due
+to a special grape--the Oporto--of which it is made and of which we are
+exclusive growers.
+
+FOR SALE BY ALL LEADING DRUGGISTS
+Irondequoit Wine Company
+Rochester, N. Y.
+
+-------------------------
+
+Arend-Adamick
+Kumyss
+
+Is a perfect food for Consumptives, Invalids and Convalescents, retained
+by the most delicate stomach. Avoid all imitations.
+
+TELEPHONE AND MAIL ORDERS PROMPTLY FILLED
+A. AREND DRUG CO.
+G. H. ADAMICK, Manager
+Phone, Main 3506   Fifth Ave. and Madison St., Chicago.
+To Be Had Where You Got This Book
+
+-------------------------
+
+THE 20th CENTURY WONDER
+Roachine
+Pack Chemical Co. Inc.    Waukegan Ill.
+KILLS ROACHES AND WATER BUGS
+A pleasant odored powder
+NOT A FOOD
+NOT A POISON
+NOT A LIQUID
+NOT A PASTE
+NOT A CURE ALL
+Sold on its merits. You will be a booster if you try it.
+YOUR Druggist has IT.
+Pack Chemical Co., Inc.
+Chicago and Waukegan, Illinois
+Our Goods Guaranteed by Us Under the Food and Drugs Act of June 30,1906
+Serial Number 27905.
+
+-------------------------
+
+[Illustration: Image of woman admiring her own hair.]
+
+Why Not Have BEAUTIFUL HAIR
+
+If Mother Nature has failed to do her duty by you it's quite easy to
+take matters into your own hands
+
+Empress Instantaneous Hair Color Restorer.
+
+Will change your faded or gray hair to any shade desired. No after
+washing. Just one single application with the Empress, that's all. Fully
+guaranteed under the Pure Food and Drug Act.
+
+10 different shades.
+
+
+Empress Shampoo Soap
+
+A combination of best vegetable oils, cochin and coconut oil, makes best
+shampoo imaginable. Is the most thorough scalp cleaner, relieves scalp
+irritation and leaves hair bright, soft, fluffy and easy to make up.
+FOR SALE
+WHERE YOU GOT THIS BOOK
+
+-------------------------
+
+"SOFT SPOTS"
+PNEUMATIC CUSHIONS
+
+Are simply what the name implies; "SOFT SPOTS" of light new air-pumping,
+pneumatic rubber, attached to a shapely leather innersole scientifically
+made to conform to all pressure of the foot.
+
+The hermetically sealed globules are air chambers and act as pneumatic
+cushions to the entire body, taking up the jar when walking, the weight
+of the body when standing, giving infinite relief to the entire Nervous
+System
+
+Worn inside the shoe--leather side up.
+Positively Prevent and Cure
+NERVOUS HEADACHES
+FLAT FEET and FALLEN INSTEPS
+CALLOUSES and FOOT TROUBLES
+
+If your dealer cannot supply you, we will on receipt of price and size
+of shoe. Arch Cushions $1.00 Per Pair
+
+Heel Cushions 25c Per Pair
+INTERNATIONAL SPECIALTY CO.
+509 SAN SOME ST.,
+SAN FRANCISCO, CAL.
+
+-------------------------
+
+20 Mule-Team Borax in Packages
+
+Nature's Great Cleansing Agent--Destroys the Dirt and
+SAVES YOUR CLOTHES
+by not attacking the fabric or its colors, and is therefore economical.
+Not to be confounded with washing powders or so-called "Borax Powders"
+most of which contain no Borax, but are heavily adulterated with soda, a
+strong alkali which rots, ruins and shrinks the clothes.
+
+Don't fail to ask your dealer for our valuable booklet
+
+The Magic Crystal
+
+[Illustration: Images of women hanging out laundry.]
+
+-------------------------
+
+You will appreciate the delightful flavors and high quality of
+Blue Ribbon Gum
+MADE IN SIX FLAVORS
+Licorice   Cinnamon
+Pepsin     Spearmint
+Mint       Blood Orange
+Made By
+BLUE RIBBON GUM CO.
+903 Wrightwood Ave., CHICAGO
+
+[Illustration: Image of package.]
+
+-------------------------
+
+IMMEDIATE RELIEF FOR PAIN AND CONGESTION
+
+An ointment containing Mustard, Menthol and other curative remedies
+which act quickly and powerfully,
+
+FOR Coughs, Colds in Chest, Pneumonia, Asthma, Bronchitis, Croup,
+Sprains.
+
+FOR Rheumatism, Pleurisy, Headache, Neuralgia, Chilblains, Sore Muscles,
+Stiff Joints, Lame Back.
+
+Wherever there is inflammation, pain or congestion.
+
+Better than a Mustard plaster. Will Not Blister.
+
+25c and 50c a Jar at all Druggists
+THE MUSTEROLE CO., Cleveland, Ohio
+
+-------------------------
+
+ASTYPTODYNE
+A Natural Remedy from Natures Healing Pine.
+Antiseptic-Styptic-Anodyne.
+
+Heals all kinds of sores, wounds and cuts. Relieves Pain--Toothache,
+Neuralgia, Rheumatism. A splendid remedy for colds, sore throat, and
+Bronchial Affections.
+
+Astyptodyne Healing Oil, Astyptodyne Cough Remedy, Astyptodyne "Tro-Ke,"
+
+Astyptodyne Croup and Pneumonia Salve.
+These and others, are prepared by
+Astyptodyne Chemical Company WILMINGTON, N. C.
+
+Booklet mailed on application
+
+-------------------------
+
+A Noted Physician of Much Learning Worked Twelve Years to Get the
+ORANGEINE
+Formula just right. To relieve pain, he knew he must reach the cause.
+
+Orangeine does this, better than strong drugs.
+
+Each dose is a five grain powder, combining seven well known remedies in
+perfect balance, to relieve HEADACHE, NEURALGIA, COLDS, GRIP, FATIGUE. A
+remedy for general household use. Full formula on every package. This
+store has supplied Orangeine Powders for years, with excellent results.
+
+-------------------------
+
+The Two Creams Every Woman Needs
+PLEXO
+
+Greaseless Cream
+A superb toilet cream of delicate fragrance made from the purest
+ingredients. Imparts the velvety softness so much desired by the
+well-groomed woman of today. Indispensable to motorists, golfers and
+bathers. Protects against the sun and wind. Apply before going outdoors
+and massage until it vanishes.
+
+Cleansing Cream
+will positively remove all impurities. Will impart a fresh complexion to
+all women striving to retain a fair skin. Plexo Cleansing Cream is
+absolutely pure and wholesome having no irritating qualities. Exposure
+usually plays havoc with a delicate complexion, but the application of
+Plexo Cleansing Cream will keep a most sensitive skin in excellent
+condition.
+
+Try these two creams. They are exactly what you need for keeping your
+skin smooth, soft and clear.
+
+CAN BE HAD AT ALL THE CENTRAL DRUG CO'S STORES.
+
+-------------------------
+
+PISO'S REMEDY
+the Best Cough and Cold Medicine.
+46 Years on the Market.
+A copy of Piso's Nursery Rhymes will be mailed free to any applicant.
+Address. THE PISO COMPANY. Warren. Pa.
+
+[Illustration: Image of Mother Goose next to sign, "Piso's Nursery
+Rhymes".]
+
+-------------------------
+
+[Illustration: Image of package.]
+
+FOR HALF A CENTURY
+COE'S COUGH BALSAM
+Has been the leading remedy for Whooping Cough, Croup, Coughs, Colds,
+Asthma and all Throat and Lung Diseases.
+
+It is the best and cheapest Cough Remedy in the world and will break up
+a Cough quicker than anything else. Try it.
+
+-------------------------
+
+[Illustration: Image of package.]
+
+HEGEMAN'S CAMPHOR ICE
+with Glycerine, for Chapped Hands and Face, Sore Lips, Cold Sores,
+Sunburn, Chilblains, Etc.
+
+Hegeman's Camphor Ice is the original and oldest preparation of the kind
+in the world. All others are simply imitations.
+
+MANUFACTURED BY
+THE C. G. CLARK COMPANY,
+New Haven, Connecticut.
+
+-------------------------
+
+[Illustration: Image of package.]
+
+DAISY FLY KILLER
+
+THE Daisy Fly Killer is a tightly sealed ornamental metal box provided
+with five holes, into which are secured felt wicks, and contains a fly
+killing material. When filled with water and the cork replaced, and is
+thoroughly shaken (keeping it level), the fly-killing material inside
+mixes with the water and is absorbed through the wicks, which become
+moist and sweet from the inside contents, the flies being attracted by
+the moisture and sweetness in the wicks, get a taste of it and will soon
+die, The fly-killing material inside is sufficient to last through the
+season, for when the water evaporates there is enough of the fly-killing
+material inside to stand many fillings with water and prove effectual as
+a fly-killer. After several fillings, it is better to sweeten the water
+with a teaspoonful of sugar before putting it in the Daisy.
+
+Daisy Fly Killer placed anywhere attracts and kills all flies. Neat,
+clean, ornamental, convenient, cheap. Lasts all season. Made of metal,
+cannot spill or tip over, will not spoil or injure anything.
+
+GUARANTEED EFFECTIVE
+HAROLD SOMERS
+Manufacturer
+150 De Kalb Ave.
+Brooklyn, New York
+
+-------------------------
+
+MOST POWERFUL PURGATIVE WATER KNOWN
+1/4 The Quantity Required by Others
+Absolutely harmless as it contains almost exclusively Sulphate of Soda.
+NO REPULSIVE SMELL NOR BITTER TASTE
+VILLACABRAS
+NOT FOLLOWED BY CONSTIPATION
+No Gripes
+No Pains
+Can be taken indefinitely as a laxative without ill effects.
+Invaluable in long standing cases of stubborn constipation:
+INFANTS AND ADULTS
+HENRY E. GOURD
+35 South William Street
+NEW YORK
+
+-------------------------
+
+Are You Sore?
+Sore Head, Sore Nose, Sore Throat?
+Sore Lips, Sore Face, Sore Chest?
+Sore Muscles, Sore Back, Neuralgia?
+COLDS IN THE HEAD?
+Catarrh, Fever Blisters?
+Sore Joints, Sore Feet?
+Frost Bites, Soft Corns?
+MUSCULAR RHEUMATISM?
+Burns, Cuts, Sprains, Bruises?
+Swellings and Inflammations?
+Use Paracamph
+First Aid To The Injured
+It Cools. It Soothes. It Cures.
+Unequaled for use after Shaving.
+Satisfaction guaranteed or money refunded.
+25c, 50c, and $1.00 Bottles. All Druggists.
+
+[Illustration: Image of Man with head bandaged, reading a newspaper.]
+
+-------------------------
+
+Hair on the Face
+Arms or Neck
+can be easily removed--quickly and without pain or irritating the skin.
+DELATONE
+does the work best of all hair removers. For sale at all Drug Stores.
+
+-------------------------
+
+(TRADE MARK)
+CELERY-VESCE
+GRANULAR EFFERVESCENT
+Sold at Your Druggists
+10c, 25c 50c and $1.00
+For Headache, Neuralgia,
+Sweetens the Stomach
+Braces the Nerves
+Clears the Brain
+Pleasant as Cream Soda
+SPEEDY, EFFICIENT
+HARMLESS
+Century Chemical Co.
+INDIANAPOLIS, IND.
+Address Dept. T. W. K. 1911
+"The proof of the pudding is in the eating."
+And we want you to test CELERY-VESCE for yourself.
+So when sending your own address, if you will send the addresses of a
+dozen friends who suffer of HEADACHES or BAD STOMACHS we will send you
+by mail a quarter package of CELERY-VESCE free of charge.
+WRITE NOW
+
+-------------------------
+
+THE STANDARD SELF SHINING SHOE POLISH
+
+Cirage Francais
+Or
+French Dressing
+For
+Ladies and Children's
+Boots & Shoes
+Trunks, Harness, Carriage Tops, &c.
+Manufactured by
+B. F. Brown
+Boston, Mass.
+
+[Illustration: Image of package.]
+
+-------------------------
+
+[Illustration: Image of package.]
+
+TRADE MARK REG. U. S. PATENT OFFICE
+ALETA HAIR TONIC
+For the Cure of
+DANDRUFF
+
+Many who have tried for five and ten years, and have spent hundreds of
+dollars for a cure without effect, have had the most pleasing results in
+a short time from the use of ALETA. Hard crusts and scales, as well as
+the most simple cases of dandruff, yield to the applications of this
+remedy. Itching scalps and eczematic troubles are effectually treated.
+One of our most prominent physicians made this remark: "IT IS THE FIRST
+TIME FOR ME TO HAVE ANY SATISFACTION FROM A DANDRUFF CURE."
+
+ALETA is applied but once a week. It is as clean as water upon the head;
+it contains no oils or other substance to gum the hair or to make it
+sticky. IT DOES THE WORK.
+
+Hair grows faster and looks better when the scalp is clean and healthy,
+and there is no remedy which brings these good conditions so readily and
+perfectly, as the ALETA
+
+HAIR TONIC.
+ALETA CHEMICAL CO.
+DES MOINES, IOWA.
+
+-------------------------
+
+GOWANS
+PREPARATION
+King of Externals
+
+PRESCRIBED by ethical physicians and recommended by druggists as being
+the best preparation on the market for all kinds of Inflammation and
+Congestion. Pneumonia, Croup, Colds, Pleurisy and any and all ailments
+where Inflammation appears GOWANS subdues and conquers it. Gowans is
+absorbant and antiseptic--it acts quickly and with a bottle of Gowans
+Preparation in the home you feel absolutely secure. In the Fall, in the
+Winter, in the Spring, you know that Croup and Pneumonia come, they must
+be combated at once and with a bottle of Gowans Preparation you are
+master of the situation. Buy today!
+
+
+Could Not Say Half Enough.
+Anything we might say would not be half enough in behalf of the
+wonderful results our patrons have derived from the use of Gowans
+Preparation. The proof of its efficacy being in the greatly increased
+sales, starting by buying a quarter of a dozen the demand has been so
+great we now purchase the hundred dollar quantity several times a year.
+TRAGLE DRUG COMPANY,
+July 16,1910.   Richmond, Va.
+
+
+An Excellent Remedy
+Claremont, N. C.
+GOWAN MEDICAL COMPANY,
+Durham. N. C.
+Gentlemen:--l have used Gowans Preparation in pneumonia and find it an
+excellent remedy--it acts promptly and surely. I recommend its use in
+cases of inflammation of any kind.
+D. M. MOSER, M. D.
+
+All Druggists--$l, 50c., 25c.  Take no substitute; there is nothing just
+as good. Beware of imitations. Buy Gowans.
+
+GOWAN MEDICAL CO., Durham, N. C.  Chicago, ILL.
+
+-------------------------
+
+[Illustration: Photograph of child painting hat.]
+
+JETUM & KLENZUM
+
+JETUM dyes straw hats, all kinds of wood, metal and leather goods.
+
+KLENZUM
+cleans white straw hats.
+
+JETUM in Black, Blue, Brown, Green, Red and Gray, will dye your old or
+rusty hat, and make it look like new.
+
+JETUM Black will dye tan and white kid shoes, pocket books, belts and
+all leather goods. Also anything in wood or metal, such as picture
+frames, furniture of all kinds, brass or iron fixtures; in fact anything
+you want black USE JETUM.
+
+A Child Can Do It.
+
+
+THE JETUM CO.
+CHICAGO
+
+-------------------------
+
+You'll try It won't You?
+
+[Illustration: Image of hand holding package.]
+
+Allen's Cough Balsam
+for hoarseness, coughs and throat Irritations
+HAS THE ENDORSEMENT OF All WHO HAVE USED IT FOR
+Coughs and Colds
+
+A trifling, seemingly insignificant cough, if neglected, works down the
+throat to the bronchial tubes and finally to the lungs, and unless
+checked, may result seriously. At the first sign of a cough take Allen's
+Cough Balsam.
+
+Bronchitis
+Barking, backing, rasping, and irritating the throat are the constant
+accompaniments of this disease. Don't delay a minute when you have this
+ailment. A few doses of Allen's Cough Balsam will usually bring relief
+and frequently break it up.
+
+Sore Throat, Quinsy, Tonsilitis
+These troubles are confined to the throat and breathing tubes, and
+should be cured at once, or more serious ailments develop, Allen's Cough
+Balsam is prepared for just such cases and has been used for over 50
+years.
+
+Its good effects can be noticed at once.
+
+
+ALLEN'S COUGH BALSAM
+Contains no opium in any form. Perfectly harmless.
+LARGE, MEDIUM AND TRIAL SIZE BOTTLES.
+ALL DEALERS
+
+-------------------------
+
+[Illustration: Image of camel carrying cases labels "Painkiller".]
+
+Painkiller is transported to all corners of the earth because nothing as
+good can be found to relieve Cramps, Colic, Diarrhoea and similar bowel
+complaints; also it quickly reduces the swelling caused by bruises and
+promptly drives the pain away. Saves much suffering and many a doctor's
+bill.
+
+READ THIS TRIBUTE:
+R. H, Moore, Franklin, Ky., writes:
+I have been selling PERRY DAVIS PAINKILLER for 37 years and have often
+wondered at the steady sale with so little advertising for same. This I
+consider is strong evidence that the remedy has merit, and in fact I
+feel assured that I sell but few remedies that would stand this test.
+
+OF ALL DEALERS IN MEDICINE 25c, 35c, and 50c Bottles
+
+BEWARE OF SUBSTITUTES AND IMITATIONS THERE'S ONLY ONE
+PAINKILLER-PERRY DAVIS
+
+-------------------------
+
+Most widely known and endorsed by eminent Specialists--
+
+BUFFALO LITHIA SPRINGS WATER
+
+  Guaranteed under the Food and Drug Act, June 30, 1906.   Serial No. l5055.
+
+It is a natural spring water, bottled at the springs under directions of
+a competent bacteriologist. Corrects all disorders of the Kidneys and
+Bladder. Eliminates any excess of Uric Acid in the system. Especially
+effective in the treatment of Bright's Disease, Albuminuria, Gout,
+Rheumatism, Pyelitis, Cystitis, Gravel, etc.
+
+Sold by leading druggists and mineral water dealers everywhere.
+
+BUFFALO LITHIA SPRINGS WATER CO.
+Buffalo Lithia Springs, Va.
+
+-------------------------
+
+Turn the Gray Hair Back
+Bring the Lost Hair Back
+
+[Illustration: Image of package.]
+
+DUPONTS HAIR RESTORATIVE,
+the ideal hair preparation, restores gray hair to its natural color, by
+giving health and activity to the glands which supply the coloring
+pigment from the blood to the hair.
+
+It brings back lost hair by giving life and vigor to the torpid or
+paralyzed scalp nerves.
+
+It is not a dye, does not stain the skin or scalp.
+One bottle will prove its worth. Sold by all druggists.
+
+Price, $1.00
+
+MANUFACTURED BY
+KELLEY & KNEFLER, CHICAGO
+
+-------------------------
+
+DRINK
+Rex Bitters
+for Constipation
+
+-------------------------
+
+DON'T FORGET
+KARITH
+THE ONLY PERFECT CLEANER
+
+-FOR-
+
+WHITE KID
+SILKS,
+SATINS
+VELVETS
+CHIFFONS
+FEATHERS
+FURS
+CLEANS WITHOUT INJURY
+REMOVES
+Grease, Grime, Pitch, Tar, Paint
+A Household Necessary
+ASK FOR THE LITTLE JUG
+10c  25c  50c
+
+-------------------------
+
+Guaranteed by the Manufacturer under the
+Food and Drugs Act. Serial No. 1177
+Lauber's FEMAFORM CONES
+Physicians Prescription
+Womans Greatest Remedy
+SOOTHING AND HEALING
+
+[Illustration: Image of package.]
+
+[Illustration text:
+Lauber's
+Femaform Cones
+Germicide, Antiseptic, Astringent Cones
+Non Irritating, Soothing, Healing Cones
+Femaform Cones
+Always Reliable
+Trade Mark
+Lauber and Lauber Co,
+Chicago, Ill USA
+Preventive Of Disease]
+
+Non-irritating Germicide Antiseptic and Astringent Cones most useful
+remedy for all forms of womb complaints. Sold only in boxes, $1.00 per
+box at drug stores or direct from the manufacturers by mail.
+
+Made by
+LAUBER & LAUBER CO.
+Chicago, Ill., U. S. A.
+
+-------------------------
+
+Anyone Can Enjoy This Delightful Turkish Bath At Home--Cost 2 cents
+
+Surface Bathing Is Insufficient---The Turkish Bath Is The Only Effective
+Method Of Purifying The Pores---The "Robinson" Makes All Simple,
+Delightful and Economical.
+
+Here's the rejuvenation cabinet for every home. Here's the producer and
+preserver of clear, clean skin, good spirits, great physical exuberance
+that puts a sharper edge on the enjoyment of living. The "Robinson"
+Thermal Bath Cabinet is wonderfully simple. A bath in it costs only 2
+cents and takes only 15 minutes. How much better this is than having to
+go to some hotel or public Turkish Baths and pay out a lot of money for
+something not a whit better and not one-tenth as convenient. Have it in
+your own home and use it every time you feel like it. It will keep you
+from going "stale". It will make you bright and care free. The great
+physical luxury it affords will be a constant delight to you. Read below
+how you can get our great $2.00 book free. It tells everything.
+
+Look Out For Substitutes--Make Sure You Get The "Robinson."--It's The
+Original Thermal Bath Cabinet
+
+It is made under the direction of Prof. Charles M. Robinson, the
+originator of thermal bath cabinets. It is the one having the four
+curtain top enabling you to heat up the cabinet before entering and to
+use the cabinet as a cooling room before leaving by dropping the
+curtains one at a time.
+
+[Transcriber's note: The two remaining paragraphs are missing.]
+
+[Illustration: Image of woman in bathrobe near product, a metal frame
+with a cloth cover and a small heater under a chair.]
+
+-------------------------
+
+You can depend on
+Digesto
+because it is the best Malt Extract on the market, only the choicest
+materials being used in its manufacture, making a highly concentrated
+liquid food.
+
+Physicians recommend Digesto because of its remedial value to the
+convalescent, tired housewife, anaemic women and people in a general
+rundown condition. Digesto builds wasted tissues, makes rich, red blood
+and aids digestion. For the nursing mother it is nigh indispensable as
+an aid to Nature in supplying food for two.
+
+[Transcriber's note: The remaining text on this page is missing.]
+
+-------------------------
+
+[Illustration: Photograph of woman.]
+
+Helen Marlowe's "Blush of Roses"
+
+Helen Marlowe's "Blush of Roses" is a scientifically prepared liquid
+rouge so perfectly natural in effect, that its use defies detection on
+the closest scrutiny. It is easily applied; a delicate tint is obtained
+by one light application; a deeper tint by more than one. Unlike the
+majority of rouges now before the public it does not give that blotched
+appearance to the face.
+
+"Blush of Roses" is an absolutely water-proof rouge. Surf bathing will
+not remove it. It remains a soft beautiful pink until it is washed off
+with pure soap and water. "Blush of Roses" is not removed by
+perspiration. "Blush of Roses" is guaranteed to be perfectly harmless.
+
+"Blush of Roses" is used and highly recommended by the most refined
+ladies in private and public life. Price 50 cents. Prepared only by
+
+HELEN MARLOWE CO., Cincinnati, Ohio
+Sold by the Central Drug Co.
+Independent Drug Co.
+Auditorium Pharmacy Co.,
+Ashland Drug Co.,
+Congress Drug Co., of Chicago, III.
+All stores of Central Drug Co., Detroit, Mich.,
+and Standard Drug Co., Cleveland, Ohio
+
+-------------------------
+
+DR. MARTELS FEMALE PILLS
+18 YEARS THE STANDARD
+
+A scientifically Prepared Remedy (For Disturbances of the Menstrual
+Functions) Sold Only Through the Medical and Drug Profession; for
+Medical Purposes Only.
+
+A FEW REMARKS OF IMPORTANCE TO WOMANKIND
+
+Dr. Martel's Female Pills is a preparation of unequaled excellence,
+which acts as a positive tonic on the female reproductive organs, and
+imparts to them the proper functional action nature demands in normal,
+healthy women, without untoward action. Dr. Martel's Female Pills
+possess only virtues of the highest possible value. It re-establishes
+the proper action of the generative organs by restoring their vitality,
+and not by merely stimulating them excessively (and temporarily), as do
+so many other agents of this class.
+
+In the treatment of all disturbances of the menstrual functions arising
+from debility, anemia or nervousness, Dr. Martel's Female Pills are of
+unsurpassed value. This preparation is a uterine and ovarian sedative,
+and is of special service in treating congestive and inflammatory
+conditions of these organs which are accompanied with unusual pain.
+
+Amenorrhea.--When the menstrual flow is scanty or suppressed, as a
+result of sudden exposure to cold, worry, fright, grief or other violent
+mental shocks.
+
+Menorrhagia.--Profuse menstruation is at once relieved by Dr. Martel's
+Pills. The preparation instantly restores vigor to the uterus which has
+been lost through the excessive flow of blood. It is advisable to begin
+the use of the preparation a few days in advance of the flow in those
+cases which are disposed to menstruate profusely at each visitation.
+
+Menopause.--The nervous and mental disturbances which frequently precede
+and succeed the final cessation of ovulation and menstruation respond
+readily to the anti-spasmodic and tranquilizing action of Dr. Martel's
+Pills. Where hysteria, melancholia, moroseness and despondency are
+conspicuous factors, the preparation can be used to great advantage. The
+improvement in the mental state of the patient after the administration
+of this product is always durable and pronounced.
+
+Dysmenorrhea.--In the treatment of congestive, neuralgic, mechanical or
+membranous types of dysmenorrhea, the action of Dr. Martel's Pills is
+particularly gratifying.
+
+THIS PREPARATION IS OF PARTICULAR VALUE IN THE TREATMENT OF MENSTRUAL
+IRREGULARITIES FROM ANY CAUSE, AS ABOVE STATED, WHICH FAIL TO RESPOND TO
+OTHER AND ORDINARY MEDICAL REMEDIES.
+
+It is a well known, and scientifically proven fact, that all women are
+not constitutionally or temperamentally alike. Where some respond
+readily to one mode of treatment others do not. For this reason we have
+prepared a preparation designed for such instances. This remedy is Dr.
+Martel's Special Female Pills. $5.00 Box.
+
+SOLD BY ALL DRUGGISTS
+
+-------------------------
+
+Nervous? Suffer From Indigestion, Irregular Kidneys, Bowel Trouble,
+Appendicitis, Gall Stones--Here Is Relief
+
+When your head aches; when your breath is bad; when your bowels or
+kidneys are irregular; when your appetite fails or the twinges of
+indigestion make you regret each meal; when your nervous system has gone
+to pieces--then is your stomach sending its wireless message for help.
+
+The trouble may be in the stomach itself--indigestion--dyspepsia, and
+their nightmare evils.
+
+The intestinal tract may be deranged or the liver clogged, or it may be
+gall stones. Your case may not have reached the gall stone stage. It may
+be of a different nature--threatened appendicitis, for example. In any
+case, whether it be bad stomach, torpid liver or weakened and inflamed
+bowels--the answer to that wireless should be Fruitola and Traxo.
+
+These are two remarkable preparations used in combination, which for the
+past 20 years and more have released thousands from the pangs of
+dyspepsia and have saved as many from operations for gall stones and
+appendicitis.
+
+Fruitola cleanses, lubricates and soothes all the channels of the
+digestive system, without the least pain, griping or resulting weakness.
+It is nutritive in effect. It revives the appetite, clears the way for
+perfect digestion and thorough assimilation, allows Nature to make pure
+blood, firm flesh, strong muscles, healthy tissue and store up vital
+energy. A whole bottle of Fruitola is to be taken at once; this to be
+followed by small doses of Traxo to complete the strengthening and
+toning effect on the stomach, to insure regular, natural action of
+bowels and kidneys and to give permanence to all the benefits of the
+treatment. The gentle action of Traxo on the kidneys removes waste and
+by keeping the liver active it frees the general circulation of bile--it
+clears the eye and complexion and brings the glow of health to the
+cheeks.
+
+Pinus, the great rheumatism remedy, has saved thousands of sufferers
+after long years of agonizing attacks. Joints swollen and misshapen by
+Inflammatory Rheumatism, nerves and muscles overpowered by the intense
+misery of Chronic Rheumatism and Sciatica have been restored to health
+and strength--pain and swelling banished by the marvelous properties of
+Pinus, a product of California's wonderful soil and sun.
+
+Fruitola, Traxo and Pinus are guaranteed under the Pure Food and Drugs
+Act. They are entirely vegetable and there is not a single ingredient
+that can harm the most sensitive system when taken as directed. They are
+made from the natural products of California, the land of health and
+sunshine.
+
+Stop your suffering and suspense at once. Get the most wonderful
+remedies from your druggist today. If he doesn't have them he can get
+them for you promptly. Every wholesale druggist keeps them. Get our
+booklet anyway and read the living testimony. If not at your druggist's,
+write us.
+
+PINUS MEDICINE CO.,  Los Angeles. Cal.
+
+-------------------------
+
+O-B-E-S-I-T-Y,
+C-A-V-E-C-K   T-A-B-L-E-T-S
+
+A Reducing Tonic
+Successful, Harmless and Positive
+When Directions are Followed.
+
+The Way To Do.
+
+There are just three ways of reducing fat: starvation, exercise and
+medical treatment. Anyone can reduce by starvation methods. Let him eat
+nothing for three weeks and the fat will drop from his bones, but the
+after effects are bad. Debilitated looking wrinkles. Use Gaveck Tablets,
+eat most anything.
+
+K-E-E-P Y-O-U-N-G
+by not taking on flesh. That makes one look old and flabby. Gaveck
+Tablets are harmless, a reducing tonic to the system. Give them a fair
+trial. Beware of imitations.
+
+DO NOT DIET
+Gaveck Company   Chicago
+4611 Kenmore Ave.
+Price $1.00
+
+-------------------------
+
+Coupon for Free Samples
+Present this coupon at any drug store named on the back hereof and receive
+absolutely free a sample cake of
+STIEFEL'S
+SUPERLATIVE
+BORACIC ACID SHAMPOO SOAP
+one of a great many varieties of Stiefel's Medicinal Soaps which have for more than a
+quarter of a century been the stand-by of physicians everywhere.
+Name______________________
+City ______________________ State___________
+Address ___________________________
+
+-------------------------
+
+Free Coupon
+This Coupon is worth 25 cents.
+When signed will entitle the holder to one trial box of Young's Victoria
+Cream at any drug store named on the back.
+The coupon and 25 cents in cash for one large box of Cream or the coupon
+and 10 cents for a box of Victoria Powder.
+Name ______________________________
+Address_____________________________
+MUST BE WRITTEN PLAINLY
+
+-------------------------
+
+[Transcriber's note: These addresses are on the back of the two coupons
+on the previous page.]
+
+The Central Drug Company,  32 North State Street, Chicago
+
+Independent Drug Company, 203 State Street, Chicago
+
+Auditorium Pharmacy Company, 320 Wabash Avenue, Chicago
+
+Ashland Drug Company, Clark and Randolph Streets, Chicago
+
+Congress Drug Company, Wabash Ave. and Van Buren St., Chicago
+
+The Central Drug Company, 219 Woodward Avenue, Detroit
+
+The Central Drug Company, 89 Woodward Avenue, Detroit
+
+The Central Drug Company, 153 Grand River Avenue, Detroit
+
+The Standard Drug Co., (10 Stores),  Cleveland
+
+-------------------------
+
+The Central Drug Company, 32 North State Street, Chicago
+
+Independent Drug Company, 203 State Street, Chicago
+
+Auditorium Pharmacy Company, 320 Wabash Avenue   Chicago
+
+Ashland Drug Company, Clark and Randolph Streets, Chicago
+
+Congress Drug Company, Wabash Ave. and Van Buren Street, Chicago
+
+The Central Drug Company, 219 Woodward Avenue, Detroit
+
+The Central Drug Company, 89 Woodward Avenue, Detroit
+
+The Central Drug Company, 153 Grand River Avenue, Detroit
+
+The Standard Drug Co., (10 Stores),  Cleveland
+
+-------------------------
+
+[Illustration: Image of package.]
+
+J. A. POZZONI'S
+COMPLEXION POWDER
+
+A luxurious toilet necessity--producing a smooth, velvety complexion.
+Its impalpable fineness and softness makes Pozzoni's cooling, refreshing
+and beautifying to the most delicate skin.
+
+THINGS WORTH KNOWING ABOUT POZZONI'S
+THEY ARE MERITS ALL ITS OWN
+A. The only powder put up in a wooden box which retains all the delicate
+perfume and medication until entirely used up.
+B. Perfumed with genuine Tyroline Rose Geranium
+C. On the market since 1874.
+D. A powder whose flesh color is an exact imitation of the skin
+E. The only powder which really clings and won't rub off.
+F. Our "special pink." A powder that is not a rouge.
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Handy Cyclopedia of Things Worth
+Knowing, by Joseph Triemens
+
+*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HANDY CYCLOPEDIA ***
+
+***** This file should be named 20190.txt or 20190.zip *****
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