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+The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Girl's Own Paper, Vol. VIII, No. 354,
+October 9, 1886, by Various
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: The Girl's Own Paper, Vol. VIII, No. 354, October 9, 1886
+
+Author: Various
+
+Editor: Charles Peters
+
+Release Date: May 1, 2006 [EBook #18293]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE GIRL'S OWN PAPER, VOL. ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Susan Skinner and the Online Distributed
+Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+THE GIRL'S OWN PAPER
+
+VOL. VIII.--NO. 354.
+
+OCTOBER 9, 1886.
+
+PRICE ONE PENNY.
+
+
+
+
+CALLED AWAY.
+
+
+[Illustration: "AND CLUNG TO HER NECK WITH A SMOTHERED CRY."]
+
+    In the heart of the heartless town, where hunger and death are rife;
+    Where gold and greed, and trouble and need, make up the sum of life--
+       A woman lives with her only child,
+       And toils 'mid the weary strife.
+
+    No end to the tiring toil to earn a wage so small;
+    No end to the ceaseless care--ah! the misery of it all!
+        While the strongest snatch the hard-earned crust,
+        The weakest the crumbs that fall.
+
+    Oh, look at the pallid face as it bends o'er the dreary work;
+    The stitch, and stitch, and stitch that she knows she dare not shirk!
+        Her strength is ebbing away so fast
+        That she scarcely feels it go.
+
+    Oh, list to the weary sigh--a whole tale in one breath--
+    A widowed life, and a mother's love, and the fear of an early death.
+        While there at her feet a pale boy sits,
+        And weeps for his mother's woe.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+    She has called to her boy in the night; he has nestled beside her bed,
+    And clung to her neck with a smothered cry and a feeling of sudden dread.
+        And thus they lie, till the mother strives
+        To speak with her tears unshed.
+
+    And then she tells him--so sweet and low, it sounds like a fairy tale--
+    How Jesus has sent His angels down to fetch her; that He won't fail
+        To send His angel to watch o'er him
+        When love can no more avail.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+    But still she holds him so gently firm, so close to her lifeless breast;
+    She speaks no more, he weeps no more, for God knows what is best.
+        He has taken both from a world of pain
+        To endless peace and rest.
+
+    E. A. V.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+THE SHEPHERD'S FAIRY.
+
+A PASTORALE.
+
+BY DARLEY DALE, Author of "Fair Katherine," etc.
+
+
+CHAPTER II.
+
+Up the old oak staircase three or four stairs at a time sprang the
+baron; then he walked quickly with beating heart down the long corridor
+to the west wing, where the nursery was, and pausing at the top of a
+spiral staircase which led to the side door he intended to go out by, he
+shouted impatiently to the housemaid who was left in charge of the baby.
+
+"Marie! Marie! _Vite, vite._ Where is Monsieur Léon's malacca cane? It
+was in my dressing-room this morning. Fetch it directly."
+
+The girl came running to do her master's bidding, and no sooner had the
+white streamers of her cap disappeared down the corridor than the baron
+darted into the nursery. A lamp was burning on a table at one end of the
+room, and at the other, carefully guarded from any draught by a
+folding-screen, stood a swinging-cradle, on pedestals of silver. The
+framework, the baron knew, was an old family relic, but the cradle
+itself was a new and wonderful creation of white swansdown and blue
+satin, lined with lace and trimmed with pale blue ribbons. In this mass
+of satin and lace lay the baron's tiny daughter, fast asleep, her small
+fingers grasping a lovely toy of pink coral with golden bells, which was
+fastened round her waist with pale blue ribbon. For one moment the baron
+hesitated. To tear the little creature from her luxurious home, and
+trust her to the tender mercies of some rough sailors for a day or two,
+and then leave her in the hands of strangers, who might or might not be
+kind to her, seemed hard even to the baron, whose mind was warped by
+jealousy; but then came the thought that all this luxury with which the
+child was so extravagantly surrounded was bad for her; if Mathilde
+persisted in pampering her in this way, she would grow up weak and
+delicate. The life he had chosen for her was far more healthy; and if
+she were inured to a harder life in her infancy, she was much more
+likely to develop into a strong, healthy girl; and as he quieted his
+conscience with these thoughts his hesitation vanished, and he stooped
+to pick her up.
+
+But hark! there was a footstep. Was it Marie returning? What would she
+think to find him in the nursery, into whose precincts he had never
+before intruded, as the servants all knew well enough? No, it was a
+false alarm, no one was coming; and seeing that now or never was the
+time for him to carry out his plan, he picked up the baby, folded the
+quilted satin coverlet and the fine cambric sheet round it, and covered
+its face with a lace handkerchief that lay on the pillow; then, feeling
+that the swansdown quilt might not be warm enough on board the yacht, he
+glanced round the room, and seeing an Indian shawl which Mathilde often
+wore lying on a rocking-chair, he wrapped his burden entirely up in
+this, and then dreading every moment the child should cry and betray
+him, he stole out of the nursery to the spiral staircase. Here he paused
+for a moment to listen, but all he heard was Marie's voice far off
+entreating another servant to come and help her to look for the cane, as
+Monsieur le Baron was waiting for it.
+
+"Be quick, Marie, I can't wait much longer," shouted the baron, and
+then, quick as thought, he dived down the spiral staircase, in his haste
+nearly precipitating himself and his little daughter, who still slept
+peacefully, to the bottom.
+
+To let himself out at the side door was the work of a moment; and now,
+unless surprised by any of the servants who might be loitering about in
+the shrubberies with their lovers, he was safe. He had only to run down
+a winding path of about two hundred yards across the grounds to the gate
+where Léon was awaiting him. Once the baron started like a robber at a
+rustling in the bushes as he passed, but it was only a cat, and once
+again he breathed freely, and in less than five minutes from the time he
+entered the nursery he stood on the road by the side of the dogcart.
+
+"Is it you, Arnaut?" asked Léon, anxiously peering through the twilight
+at his brother.
+
+"Yes, yes, it is all right; here it is," said the baron, holding the
+bundle up to Léon.
+
+"How on earth am I to take it? Where is its head? Can't you nurse it
+till we get to the yacht?" said Léon.
+
+"No; how should I drive with this thing in my arms? Here, give me the
+reins, and take hold. This is its head. Thank you," said the baron, with
+an immense sigh of relief as he handed the baby to Léon.
+
+Léon took the bundle so reluctantly, and handled it as delicately as if
+it were a piece of priceless china he was afraid of breaking by a touch,
+that the baron, who was not in the best of tempers, in spite of his
+successful expedition, growled out, "It won't bite you; you needn't be
+afraid."
+
+"I am not, but my dear Arnaut you might make allowances; I never had a
+baby in my arms before in my life. I daresay I shall get used to it in
+time; use is second nature, they say. But I say, I don't believe it
+ought to be bundled up in this way; it can't breathe; it will be
+suffocated; I shall open this shawl a little," said Léon, proceeding to
+do so, and being immediately rewarded by a long, wailing cry from the
+infant.
+
+"There," said the baron, with an impatient exclamation, "now you have
+woke it. Why didn't you leave it alone?"
+
+"My dear fellow, it would never have woke again if I had; the poor
+little creature was choking," said Léon, sitting the baby up on his
+knees, as if it were a year old instead of a few months.
+
+"It will cry the whole way now, and, if we meet anyone, betray our
+secret," grumbled the baron.
+
+"Well, I'd rather it cried than have it suffocated, as it infallibly
+would have been but for me. Baby, in future years you may thank your
+uncle Léon for saving your life. Perhaps if I whistle it will stop
+howling. I'll try," said Léon, whistling, in which art he was a great
+adept.
+
+But whistling had no effect on the baby, unless it was to make it cry
+louder, and Léon was in despair, and the baron getting furious, until it
+suddenly occurred to the former to jump the child up and down, as he had
+seen Mathilde do. This was successful; as long as Léon danced it about
+it was quiet; the moment he stopped it began to cry.
+
+"I wish old Pierre joy if he has to spend the next twenty-four hours in
+this way. Drive on, Arnaut; my arms are aching so I can't keep this game
+up much longer," said Léon, as they entered the village of Carolles,
+where, luckily for them, all the inhabitants had already gone to bed,
+and they met no one till they reached the place where the yacht was
+lying.
+
+A boat was waiting to take Léon on board with Pierre and the English
+carpenter, to whom Léon spoke in English, asking him if he were quite
+sure the baby would be well looked after where he proposed to place it,
+and on Smith's answering that he was certain it would, Léon turned to
+the baron, who did not understand a word of English, and told him he
+need have no anxiety about the child.
+
+"All right; I don't want to know where you are going to take it; make
+any arrangements you like. If you want more money than I have given you,
+let me know and you shall have it. When do you expect to be back here,
+Léon?"
+
+"Oh, not for a month at least; I shall keep away till all the fuss
+Mathilde will make about the baby is over; meanwhile, if you change your
+mind and want the baby back, write to me at my agent's and he will
+forward your letter. Adieu."
+
+And Léon, who had handed the baby to Pierre as soon as they met, now
+kissed his brother on both cheeks and then sprang into the boat. Smith
+pushed her off and sculled them across the moonlit sea to the yacht, the
+baron watching them until they reached her and the boat was drawn up to
+its davits, when he turned and drove back to the château, wondering
+greatly how the baroness would bear the loss of her baby, and fearing a
+very bad quarter of an hour was in store for him when she learnt what
+had become of it.
+
+A stiff breeze was blowing, but with wind and tide in her favour the
+yacht sailed smoothly across the Channel, all on board her, except the
+baby, being too inured to the sea to feel ill, and, luckily, the
+movement of the yacht seemed to lull the child to sleep. When she woke
+Pierre was always at hand with some milk, so that she was scarcely heard
+to cry during the whole passage, spending the time in sleeping and
+eating, and thereby enabling Pierre to earn for himself the character of
+a first-rate nurse.
+
+From time to time during the next day Léon came into the cabin to look
+at his tiny charge, for whom an impromptu cradle had been made with some
+pillows in an easy chair, and who seemed to have the happy knack of
+adapting herself to circumstances, for she slept quietly on, with a
+smile on her little face, all unconscious of the waves from which a few
+planks divided her.
+
+"Poor little mite; I hope they'll be kind to her, Smith, these friends
+of yours. I am half sorry I brought her, though the baron wished it,"
+said Léon, as he left the cabin; but the next moment he was whistling on
+deck as though no such thing as the baby existed.
+
+Towards evening they came in sight of Brighton, whose long sea front,
+even in those distant days, stretched for a mile or two along the coast,
+and Léon, who knew the town well, and considered it one of the few
+English towns in which he could spend a few days without dying of
+_ennui_, was anxious to put in there, but Smith dissuaded him.
+
+"If we put in here, sir, they'll be sure to trace the child; it would be
+far better to let me go ashore with it in the gig, while you lay
+outside."
+
+"But where are we to put in then? Having come to England, I mean to go
+ashore for a day or two."
+
+"Why not run up to Yarmouth, sir; the wind is fair; it is south-west
+now. You have never been there, have you? And there'll be no fear of
+anyone tracing the child there. If madame sees in the paper that we
+touched at Yarmouth, she may inquire all over that part of the country
+without finding the baby down in Sussex."
+
+Léon considered the matter for a few minutes, and finally consented to
+this arrangement; and about eight o'clock that evening the gig was
+lowered, and Pierre, who would not abandon his charge till the last
+minute, went ashore with John Smith and the baby.
+
+They landed on a quiet spot between Brighton and Rottingdean, and here
+Smith insisted on Pierre's remaining in charge of the boat while he
+deposited the baby with his friends. Pierre protested against this; but
+the carpenter was firm. It would not be safe, he argued, to leave the
+boat alone for two or three hours, and he might be gone as long as that;
+and there could be no danger in leaving Pierre there, for if anyone did
+question him about his business, he would not be able to understand
+them, as he knew no English.
+
+Pierre found it was useless to make any further objections, so,
+reluctantly handing the baby over to the carpenter, he prepared to make
+himself as comfortable as circumstances permitted during Smith's
+absence. It was a beautiful warm midsummer evening, but Pierre began to
+feel chilly and tired of waiting long before Smith came back, though he
+managed to get several naps, curled up in the bottom of the boat. At
+last, about eleven o'clock, just as Pierre was getting very nervous, and
+dreading every minute that one of the white ladies of Normandy (those
+_dames blanches_ who are so cruel to the discourteous) should appear to
+him, or a hobgoblin or a ghost, in all of which he was, like most Norman
+peasants, a firm believer, to his intense relief he heard the carpenter
+whistling in the distance, and a minute or two later Smith arrived, hot
+and tired, and by no means in a communicative frame of mind, only
+vouchsafing to tell the anxious Pierre that the baby was safe.
+
+To Léon he was bound to be less reserved, and, according to his own
+account, he had had no difficulty in persuading his friend the shepherd
+to take charge of the child. He had asked no awkward questions, and was
+quite satisfied with the sum of money Smith had left with him. Léon
+carefully entered the name and address of the shepherd in his
+pocket-book, and then dismissed the matter from his mind, and gave
+himself up to enjoying his cruise.
+
+A day or two later they put into Yarmouth, and the arrival of the French
+yacht, L'Hirondelle, owner M. Léon de Thorens, was duly mentioned in the
+shipping news of the daily papers. Yarmouth was not a place after Léon's
+heart, and he would have left the next day, but John Smith had gone
+ashore and had not returned, so their departure was delayed at first for
+a few hours; but as Smith still did not appear, Léon began to get
+anxious, and made inquiries in the town for him, but in vain. At last,
+after delaying several days, it became evident the man had deserted, and
+finally Léon set sail without him. His intention on leaving Brighton was
+to cruise round the coast of Great Britain, visiting the principal
+seaports on the way; but on finding Smith did not return, his suspicions
+were awakened as to the safety of the child, and he determined to go
+back at once to Brighton and see if the child had really been left with
+the shepherd whose address Smith had given him.
+
+But that night a dense fog came on, and a day or two later a paragraph
+in the English papers announced a collision had taken place off Harwich
+with an English trading vessel and the French yacht, L'Hirondelle, in
+which the latter sunk at once with all hands, not a soul remaining to
+tell the tale, but some life-belts and spars of wood which were picked
+up afterwards led to the identification of the yacht, which was known to
+have left Yarmouth the morning before the collision took place.
+
+(_To be continued._)
+
+
+
+
+DINNERS FOR TWO.
+
+
+Many housekeepers complain of the difficulty of providing a change of
+dishes where the family is small. Really, the number of things that may
+be served for one or two people is very great, but the serving is
+important. The writer has endeavoured in the following twenty-four
+dinners only to give such dishes as with a little care and attention may
+easily be cooked by a general servant with a rather limited knowledge of
+cooking. They are also chosen with due regard to expenditure. There are
+not any extravagant dishes, no stock meat is required for anything, nor
+is any pastry included in any dinner.
+
+In arranging dinners for a number it is easy to give the weights of the
+different things that will be required, as there will probably be an
+average of appetites, but this is not possible for one or two people;
+for where one person will eat nearly a pound of meat, another will only
+eat two ounces, so that of quantity the housekeeper must be the best
+judge, as she knows the appetites for which she has to provide.
+
+1. Mulligatawny soup; fillet steak with mushroom ketchup; baked batter
+pudding.
+
+2. Flounders water souchet; piece of best end neck of mutton roasted;
+steamed semolina pudding, lemon sauce.
+
+3. Potato soup; steak and kidney pudding; apples stewed in syrup.
+
+4. Filleted plaice (dressed white); veal cutlets, bacon, and baked
+tomatoes; cheese fondu.
+
+5. Lobster salad; stewed breast of mutton; cake fritters.
+
+6. Brown onion soup; roast fillet of beef; Spanish rice.
+
+7. Slices of cod fried; toad-in-the-hole; Melbourne pudding.
+
+8. Curried eggs; Irish stew; rice meringue.
+
+9. Potiron; beef steak stewed with vegetables; blancmange.
+
+10. Baked haddock; calves' heart roasted; bread-and-jam pudding.
+
+11. Shrimp toast; roast fillet of mutton; strawberry cream.
+
+12. Turnip soup; breast of veal stewed; apple charlotte.
+
+13. Fried mackerel; boiled rabbit and onion sauce; cheese toast.
+
+14. Brunoise; stewed mutton cutlets; baked rice pudding.
+
+15. Fried herrings, mustard sauce; rump-steak aux fines herbes; jam
+roll.
+
+16. Dressed crab; boiled knuckle of mutton with caper sauce;
+bread-and-butter fritters.
+
+17. Tomato soup; mutton cutlets with onion purée; cocoanut pudding.
+
+18. Fried smelts; a currie; boiled batter pudding.
+
+19. Vegetable soup; rump steak; macaroni cheese.
+
+20. Stewed fish; leg of mutton cutlet; raspberry sponge.
+
+21. Vegetable marrow soup; one rib of beef (boned and rolled) roasted;
+tapioca pudding.
+
+22. Fried soles; pounded meat cutlets in Italian paste with sauce;
+macaroni with tomato sauce.
+
+23. Fried whiting; boiled knuckle of veal with parsley and butter, and
+grilled bacon; baked currant pudding.
+
+24. Semolina soup; part of loin of pork roasted; Spanish soufflé.
+
+Vegetables, though, of course, they are an important part of dinner, are
+not given, as they must vary according to the month of the year. The
+recipes which follow are as little complicated as possible.
+
+_Mulligatawny Soup (without meat)._--Cut two onions and a small carrot
+into thin slices, put them into a stewpan with one ounce of butter, turn
+them about until they are a nice brown colour, but not burnt, then add a
+sprig of parsley and half an apple, stir in three teaspoonfuls of curry
+powder, add a pint and a half of hot stock from bones, or of hot water
+and a little piece of lean bacon, or a small bacon bone if you have one;
+let the soup simmer for an hour, skim the fat off, strain the soup, put
+it back in the saucepan, add to it the juice of half a lemon and a
+dessertspoonful of flour that has been baked a very light brown and
+mixed with a piece of butter the size of a pigeon's egg; salt to taste.
+Serve the soup very hot, and hand rice as boiled for curry with it.
+
+_Fillet Steaks with Mushroom Ketchup._--Beat the steaks with a beater or
+rolling-pin, put a very small piece of butter in a stewpan, place the
+steaks in it, and brown them slightly on each side; add one
+tablespoonful of ketchup and one tablespoonful of water, also a little
+black pepper; salt is not generally wanted with mushroom ketchup; cover
+the stewpan closely, and keep the fillets hot for three-quarters of an
+hour at the side of the stove; serve with the gravy poured over them.
+
+_Flounders Water Souchet._--Wash the fish and remove the heads. Put
+three-quarters of a pint of cold water into a stewpan, well wash two
+parsley roots and cut them in fine shreds, put them in a stewpan with a
+little pepper and salt, simmer a quarter of an hour, put in the
+flounders with a tablespoonful of parsley broken into small sprigs, not
+chopped, simmer eight minutes, and serve with a plate of brown bread and
+butter and a cut lemon.
+
+_Semolina Pudding._--Boil one and a half ounces of semolina in
+three-quarters of a pint of milk until it is cooked, take the saucepan
+from the fire, add a little sugar and a very small pinch of salt; then
+stir in two well-beaten eggs; butter a small mould or basin well, pour
+in the mixture, cover the top with buttered paper, and steam the pudding
+for an hour either by putting it into a steamer or into a saucepan with
+boiling water half way up the basin and keeping the water boiling. Serve
+with lemon sauce over. Sauce:--Take a quarter of a pint of cold water,
+mix a teaspoonful of cornflour with it, add the juice of half a lemon
+and a little white sugar; boil all together, stirring all the time.
+
+_Potato Soup._--Take one pound of potatoes weighed after they are
+peeled; cut them up and put them in a stewpan, with a piece of butter
+the size of a walnut, and an onion cut in slices; cover the stewpan, and
+shake the vegetables over the fire for five minutes; add a pint of hot
+water; simmer for an hour. Pass the whole through a sieve; put back in
+the saucepan. Add nearly half a pint of milk, and pepper and salt to
+taste. Cut a thin slice of bread in small dice; fry it in butter; put it
+in the bottom of the tureen, and pour the soup over.
+
+_Stewed Apples._--Boil together a teacupful of cold water, a teacupful
+of sugar, and a teaspoonful of lemon-juice; peel and core six small
+apples as soon as the syrup is clear. Put the apples in and cook them
+over a slow fire until they are tender. They must be turned while
+cooking, but must not be broken. When cold sprinkle a little chopped
+almond on each, or else a small piece of red currant jelly can be put
+on.
+
+_Fillets of Plaice._--Double the fillets, put them on a buttered tin,
+with pepper, salt, and a squeeze of lemon-juice over each; cover with
+buttered paper, and bake for ten or fifteen minutes; then put them on a
+dish, and serve with following sauce round them:--Boil the bones of the
+fish a quarter of an hour in a quarter of a pint of milk and water; mix
+a good teaspoonful of flour with a little butter, cayenne, and salt;
+strain the liquor from the fishbones to it, also the liquor out of the
+tin in which the fish were baked; put into a saucepan and boil for a
+minute or two, then, pour round the fish.
+
+_Cheese Fondu._--Melt one ounce of butter in a saucepan, stir one ounce
+of flour in; when quite smooth, add a quarter of a pint of milk and some
+cayenne pepper and salt. Stir the mixture over the fire until it is
+quite smooth; then add two ounces of cheese grated--Parmesan is the
+best, but any other cheese that is not blue and is dry enough to grate
+will do. Turn the mixture into a basin, add two beaten yolks of eggs,
+and, just before it is time to put it in the oven, stir in the two
+whites of the eggs, which must be beaten to a stiff froth; then put the
+mixture into a buttered tin large enough to hold double the quantity, as
+it will rise; bake twenty minutes in a brisk oven, and serve
+immediately.
+
+_Breast of Mutton Stewed._--Take a breast, or, if too fat, a scrag of
+mutton, brown it in a stewpan, add a sliced onion (which must also be
+browned), then pour in enough hot water to cover the meat. As soon as it
+simmers put in one turnip and one carrot cut into small dice, and a
+small head of celery cut fine, or a shred lettuce, according to the
+season, some black pepper, and some salt. Simmer for about an hour and a
+half before serving; mix a dessertspoonful of baked flour with a little
+cold water, and add it to the gravy. Skim, if too fat, before sending to
+table.
+
+_Cake Fritters._--Cut some thin slices from a stale cake, cut them in
+shapes, dip them in milk, then fry them in butter; spread jam or
+marmalade on the top of each, and serve them.
+
+_Brown Onion Soup._--Skin three onions, cut them in small dice; make an
+ounce of butter hot in a stewpan, and throw in the onions, shaking them
+about over the fire until they are golden brown (they must be coloured
+very slowly, or some pieces will get too dark); when they are brown,
+stir in a teaspoonful of flour, and add a pint and a half of liquor in
+which meat or poultry has been boiled, or the same quantity of water.
+Simmer for an hour, then rub through a sieve; put back in the saucepan;
+add pepper and salt to taste, and, if too thin, mix a little butter and
+flour together, add to the soup, and boil for three minutes before
+serving.
+
+_Spanish Rice._--Boil four ounces of rice, wash it in cold water, then
+dry it before the fire. Put half an ounce of butter in a frying-pan;
+when quite hot throw in the rice, fry it a light colour, add a
+dessertspoonful of grated cheese and a little cayenne and salt. A
+dessertspoonful of plain tomato sauce may be added or not. The rice must
+be served very hot.
+
+_Toad in the Hole._--Trim some neck of mutton cutlets nicely, or take
+some cold meat or fowl and place in the bottom of a pie-dish that you
+have first buttered. Then make a batter thus: take four ounces of flour,
+mix one egg with it, add half a pint of milk and a little salt, put
+pepper and salt over the meat in the dish, pour the batter in, and put
+in a tolerably quick oven; it will take about three-quarters of an hour
+to bake. Batter is best mixed some hours before it is wanted, but it
+must not be put in the dish with the meat until you are going to bake
+it.
+
+_Melbourne Pudding._--Boil half a pint of red currants with half a pound
+of loaf sugar for half an hour, add half a pound of raspberries and boil
+ten minutes. Butter a plain mould or pudding basin and line it with
+slices from a tin loaf or French roll, cut a quarter of an inch thick;
+the top pieces must be cut into triangles to make them fit neatly, while
+the side pieces are half an inch wide; pour the fruit into the bread
+while hot, cover the top with more bread, put in a cool place until the
+next day, then turn out and serve with custard or cream.
+
+_Curried Eggs._--Make a sauce with a quarter of a pint of milk, a
+teaspoonful of curry powder, a teaspoonful of flour, and a little salt;
+mix these ingredients together and boil them three minutes. Boil three
+eggs hard, remove the shells, put the sauce in a dish, put the eggs in
+it, then cut each egg in two and serve.
+
+_Rice Meringue._--Boil half a small teacupful of rice in milk; when done
+put it in a pie-dish, spread a layer of jam over the top of it, beat the
+white of an egg to a stiff froth, put it over the jam, sift about a
+tablespoonful of pounded sugar over it; put it in the oven to set, and
+serve hot.
+
+_Potiron._--Take one pound of pumpkin without seeds or rind, cut it into
+small pieces, put it in a stewpan with a quarter of a pint of water,
+simmer it slowly for an hour and a half; then rub it through a sieve
+with a wooden spoon, put it back in the saucepan, add three quarters of
+a pint of milk, a piece of butter the size of a walnut, a saltspoonful
+of powdered sugar and pepper and salt to taste, stir it occasionally,
+and serve it as soon as it boils.
+
+_Baked Haddock._--Wash and dry the fish, then mix a saltspoonful of salt
+with the juice of half a lemon, and rub it all over the fish and let it
+remain for three hours, then prepare some bread-crumbs, mix with them a
+teaspoonful of finely chopped parsley, a little grated lemon peel,
+cayenne pepper, and salt; next dry the fish and brush it over with egg,
+cover it with the prepared crumbs, put it in a greased baking dish with
+some small lumps of butter on the top of it, bake it from 25 to 35
+minutes, according to the size of the fish. It must be basted with the
+butter that runs into the tin. When done put the fish on a dish, squeeze
+the other half lemon into the baking tin, pour it over the fish, and
+serve.
+
+_Bread and Jam Pudding._--Take a small pudding basin or mould, grease it
+well with butter; then shake brown sugar all over the butter. Take four
+ounces bread-crumbs, three ounces finely chopped suet, and three ounces
+of any preserve. Put these ingredients in the basin in layers, beginning
+with the bread-crumbs. Just before putting the pudding in the oven, mix
+an egg with rather less than half a pint of milk, and add it to it. Bake
+about three-quarters of an hour in a quick oven, turn out and serve.
+
+_Shrimp Toast._--Trim and fry three slices of bread in butter. Take two
+tablespoonfuls of shelled shrimps, put them into a saucepan with a
+dessertspoonful of milk, a lump of butter the size of a pigeon's egg,
+half a teaspoonful of anchovy sauce, and a little cayenne pepper. Shake
+in a dessertspoonful of flour, boil for two minutes, stirring all the
+time; then put on the fried bread, and serve very hot.
+
+_Roast Fillet of Mutton._--Procure the thick end of a leg of mutton.
+Have it boned and tied round. It may be stuffed where the bone is taken
+out, or skewered up and roasted plain.
+
+_Strawberry Cream without cream._--Take a quarter of a pound of
+strawberry jam; rub it through a sieve. Add two ounces of pounded sugar
+to it, and beat it up with the whites of two fresh eggs until it is all
+frothy (it will take some time to beat); put it in a glass dish and
+serve soon after it is made.
+
+_Turnip Soup_ can be made the same as potiron, but a teaspoonful of
+flour should be added with the butter.
+
+_Apple Charlotte._--Cut some strips of bread from a tin loaf or French
+roll; dip them in oiled butter, line a mould or pudding basin with them.
+Peel and cut up a pound and a half of apples; boil them with a little
+sugar. When done, put them in the basin you have lined; cover the top
+with bread dipped in butter; bake half an hour, turn on to a dish, and
+serve.
+
+_Cheese Toast._--Beat up an egg, add two ounces of grated cheese, one
+dessertspoonful of milk, cayenne, and salt to it, make it hot in a
+saucepan, and pour it on to a round of hot buttered toast; cut in pieces
+and serve immediately.
+
+_Brunoise._--Take two tablespoonfuls of carrots, the same of turnips,
+onions, and celery, all cut in very small dice. Put a piece of butter
+(about an ounce) in a stewpan with a small teaspoonful of powdered
+sugar, toss the carrots in this until they begin to take colour, then
+put in the celery, then the turnips, then the onions; when all the
+vegetables are coloured, put in a pint and a quarter of hot water or
+liquor in which meat or poultry has been boiled, let the soup simmer two
+hours, skim, and serve with the vegetables in it. The vegetables must
+not be burnt at all, but only slightly browned.
+
+_Stewed Mutton Cutlets._--Cut two carrots, two turnips, and two potatoes
+into dice, trim some cutlets and toss them in butter in a stewpan, with
+a sprinkling of pepper and salt, till they begin to colour, then put in
+the carrots and three-quarters of a pint of hot water, a tablespoonful
+of tomato sauce, and a small bunch of sweet herbs and parsley; stew
+gently fifteen minutes, add the potatoes and turnips, and simmer about
+an hour or until tender; add a piece of butter rolled in flour, a small
+piece of glaze, and pepper and salt to taste. Remove the herbs and serve
+the cutlets round the vegetables, with as much of the gravy as is
+required.
+
+_Mustard Sauce._--Mix one teaspoonful of flour with half a teaspoonful
+of mustard and one ounce of butter, add half a teacupful of water, boil
+for five minutes, add half a teaspoonful of vinegar, and serve.
+
+_Rumpsteak aux Fines Herbes._--Mince equal parts of tarragon, chervil,
+and garden cress with half a shalot, mix them with a little butter,
+pepper, and salt, broil the steak and place on it.
+
+_Dressed Crab._--Take all the meat from a crab, cut it up as for salad,
+mix a tablespoonful of bread-crumbs with it, mix together a saltspoonful
+each of pepper, mustard and salt, with a tablespoonful of vinegar and
+two tablespoonfuls of salad oil, mix all with the crab, put it back in
+the shell, cover it lightly with bread-crumbs, put a little piece of
+butter on the top, bake half an hour, and serve hot.
+
+_Bread and Butter Fritters._--Take some rounds of bread and butter that
+you have shaped with a pastry cutter, spread half of them with jam,
+cover the jam with the remaining pieces, dip them in batter and fry
+them; serve with sifted sugar over them.
+
+_Tomato Soup._--Boil a tin of tomatoes until well cooked, then press
+them through a sieve; to a pint of tomatoes add half a teaspoonful of
+carbonate of soda. Put a piece of butter the size of a pigeon's egg into
+a saucepan; when it bubbles stir in a teaspoonful of flour, cook it a
+few minutes; add half a pint of hot milk, a little salt and cayenne;
+when it boils add the tomatoes; make the soup quite hot (but do not let
+it boil), and serve.
+
+_Cocoanut Pudding._--Butter a small dish, cut a sponge cake in slices,
+place it in the dish, mix the yolk of an egg with a teacupful of milk,
+pour it over the cake, then strew two ounces of grated cocoanut over it;
+next beat the white of the egg to a froth, add a teaspoonful of pounded
+sugar, and put over the top of the pudding; bake in a moderate oven.
+
+_Vegetable Soup without Meat._--Cut up a plateful of all kinds of
+vegetables, viz., onions, carrots, potatoes, beans, parsnips, celery,
+peas, parsley, leeks, turnip, cauliflower, spinach, cabbage, lettuce, or
+as many of these as you can procure. Put a large lump of butter (as big
+as a large egg) into a saucepan; when very hot, put in the onions, stir;
+when light brown, stir in a dessertspoonful of flour, fry until deep
+gold colour, stir in a pint of boiling water, some pepper and salt, add
+all the vegetables, let them simmer (adding more water if necessary) for
+two hours; put the whole through a sieve, make hot again, and serve.
+
+_Raspberry Sponge._--Dissolve half an ounce of gelatine in half a pint
+of milk. Beat three large tablespoonfuls of raspberry jam in another
+half pint of milk, and rub it through a sieve; add a teaspoonful of
+pounded sugar, a little grated lemon peel, the white of an egg, and the
+milk with the gelatine in it; whisk until it is all frothy. If the
+gelatine does not entirely dissolve in cold milk, it must be melted over
+the fire before being added to the jam and other ingredients.
+
+_Vegetable marrow soup_ is made like potiron.
+
+_Pounded Meat Cutlets in Italian Paste._--Take half pound of cold
+mutton, all lean, three ounces of cooked ham, one small shalot; chop and
+pound all together; add pepper and salt, one ounce of butter, and three
+tablespoonfuls of gravy. For the paste, one yolk of egg, three
+tablespoonfuls of cold water, with six ounces of dried flour; knead well
+to strong paste, roll out very thin, divide into six, put some of the
+meat in each, form into six cutlets; fry in boiling fat, and serve with
+sauce in a tureen or plain with fried parsley round.
+
+_Macaroni with Tomato Sauce._--Boil two ounces of macaroni in water,
+with a lump of butter, and a little salt. When nearly done, strain off
+the water; add three tablespoonfuls of milk, and a little (one ounce)
+Parmesan or other grated cheese and pepper to taste; stir until it is
+rather thick. Then dish it up with a little hot tomato sauce in the
+centre.
+
+_Semolina Soup._--Take a pint and a half of liquor from boiled meat, or
+stock from bones in which vegetables have been boiled. Add two ounces of
+semolina, and season to taste; if needed, a very small teaspoonful of
+Liebig extract, or a small piece of glaze can be added.
+
+_Spanish Soufflé._--Cut two sponge cakes in slices. Spread apricot or
+other jam on them. Pile them on a dish, squeeze the juice of a lemon
+over them. Whip three teaspoonfuls of cream up with the white of one egg
+to a froth; put it over the cakes; blanch and chop four almonds; put
+them in the oven to colour, then sprinkle over the whip, and serve.
+
+
+
+
+A DREAM OF QUEEN'S GARDENS.[1]
+
+A STORY FOR GIRLS.--IN TWO PARTS.
+
+BY DANIEL DORMER, Author of "Out of the Mists."
+
+
+PART I.
+
+A PRETTY QUEEN.
+
+
+"Any letter for me this morning, Brightie?"
+
+Hazel is leaning rather perilously over the banisters, trying to catch a
+glimpse of the old woman coming slowly up the stairs far below.
+
+"Yes--one. Don't come for it, I'm coming up. And pray, child, don't hang
+over those rickety rails like that."
+
+Miss Bright, or "Brightie," as Hazel Deane had grown affectionately to
+call her, is a heavy, strongly-made woman of sixty-three years. She
+finds the stairs in this house in Union-square, where she and Hazel
+lodge, rather trying; they are many and steep, so she pauses half-way to
+recover breath. Looking up she sees Hazel, a white, dark-eyed face, and
+a form so slender that even those unsafe rails could hardly give way
+under so slight a weight. "More than ever like one of my Cape jasmine
+stars," thinks old Brightie. She has always mentally compared the girl
+to one of those pure, white stars, which she used so specially to love,
+shining on their invisible stems, amidst the dark green leaf-sprays at
+her sister's home. Oh, how the poor, lonely old woman's heart had ached
+for that country home of her younger days, as she sat wearily at her
+business of plain sewing day after day in her attic in Union-square!
+
+And Hazel, looking down, saw her one friend in the world. A ray of
+sunlight streamed in through the narrow staircase window on to Miss
+Bright. It makes the black cap which covers her whole head, with strings
+flying back over her shoulders, look very rusty. It makes her old alpaca
+gown, patched and repatched, and the little black silk apron that she
+wears, look more than ever shiny. It strikes upon the large,
+old-fashioned white pearl buttons down the front of her bodice, and upon
+the glasses of her spectacles, till she looks like some strange, black
+creature staring all over with big, round eyes. To Hazel's affectionate
+mind, however, there is nothing in the least ludicrous in the sight. She
+only notes the panting breath, and says, with a touch of impatience in
+her anxiety--
+
+"Why will you persist in toiling up and down those horrid stairs,
+instead of sending me, Brightie? It is really very unkind of you."
+
+When Brightie has delivered up Hazel's envelope, with its scrawled
+direction, she retires into her own room, next door, and shuts herself
+in. She is filled with an unwonted excitement, for she holds a second
+letter in her hand, and it is her own. The rarest thing it is for her to
+have a letter, and the post-mark is "Firdorf," the very same beautiful
+country place for which she had pined; there she and Janie, her only
+sister, had lived together, and Janie had died there. The hands, aged
+with work and deprivation more than with time, shake as they break the
+seal, the aged eyes grow dim again and again as they read.
+
+It is fully three parts of an hour before Brightie has got through the
+letter--not that the words are many or hard to understand; but rather
+that the hindrances are many. The glasses of the large spectacles grow
+so misty from time to time that they require polishing. Then, too, Miss
+Bright's mind exhibits foolish tendencies, refusing to grasp the meaning
+of the words, and causing her to explain that she must be dreaming; and
+still further she is carried back in mind to days long since vanished,
+and scenes long unvisited, and these detain her long. But at last she
+rouses herself--has at length fairly accepted the astonishing good news
+her letter contains, and, with it open in her hand, hastens off to
+communicate the same to her young friend.
+
+Hazel's door is locked, and Miss Bright has to wait a moment before it
+is unfastened. Hazel has been crying, and the tears must have been both
+plentiful and bitter, for unmistakable traces exist, in spite of hurried
+efforts to efface them. For once, though, Brightie is thoroughly
+self-engrossed, and fails to notice even Hazel's face.
+
+"I have such wonderful news, my dear!" she exclaims, the moment she is
+admitted into the room.
+
+Hazel expresses her interest, and, with her loving smile and tender way,
+ensconces her friend in the one attempt at an easy chair her room
+possesses, and then kneels beside her to listen.
+
+"Well, my dear, you have heard me speak of my sister's house at
+Firdorf?"
+
+"Of course! Often. Where you used to live, and the flowers were so
+lovely."
+
+"Yes! and where the sweet white jasmine used to blossom, filling the air
+with its delicious fragrance when we sat in the summer evenings beneath
+the trellis work, in front of the dear old home."
+
+As she speaks of the jasmine, old Miss Bright's hand is laid caressingly
+on Hazel's hair, and her eyes--happily not too keen without her glasses,
+or they would detect the tear marks--rest with softened look, full of
+tender memories, on the girl's sympathetic, upturned face.
+
+"There were always we three there--I, and my sister and her boy. You
+have heard how the home was broken up, how Tom ran away, and how we lost
+our money, and how Janie's spirit broke down under it, till at length
+she gave up praying for Tom's return, and drooped and died?"
+
+Miss Bright is making a long pause. Her large, rough face is heavy and
+sorrowful. She has quite forgotten her good news for the moment, has
+forgotten her friend kneeling beside her, has forgotten all save the
+memory of the sorrow which seemed to have terminated all of joy the
+world held for her. Hazel steals a gentle arm round the bowed neck, and
+kisses the worn, absent face as softly and soothingly as though it were
+some beautiful child's. The touch recalls the wandering thoughts,
+Brightie clasps the hand that she is holding in her own more tightly,
+and goes on:--
+
+"Well, to be sure, and I haven't told you the news after all, dearie! It
+is that Tom has come back. He has made a great deal of money, and got
+quite reformed and come back. And he has bought back the old house, and
+now has just found out my address and wants me to go down and live with
+him; wants me to forgive him, he says, and let him be a comfort to me. I
+have, of course, nothing to forgive, except for Janie's sake."
+
+"Oh, Brightie, what good, good news it is! I am so very glad. You will
+at last have some rest, and not be obliged to try your eyes over that
+fine sewing, and be taken proper care of, and have all sorts of nice
+things. I am so glad! How soon can you go, dear?--to-morrow? I should
+like you to go to-morrow."
+
+Hazel began very bravely, went on unsteadily, and finally ended by
+laying her head down on Brightie's broad shoulder, fairly sobbing.
+
+"I should like you to go to-morrow! Why, Hazel, Hazel, my tender-hearted
+little pet, are you crying, then? Because you are sure I am not going
+to-morrow? Neither to-morrow nor any other time. Don't you know I could
+not leave you without a friend in this great, careless world?"
+
+Brightie's words are news to herself as she speaks them. She had not
+considered the possibility of such a thing before. Here was the
+longed-for home open to her, waiting to receive her again. Her one
+relation, her own nephew, the same merry-faced Tom of old, dear days,
+writing to her begging her to show her forgiveness and go to him to be
+cherished all the days of her life. And all this must be
+foregone--renounced. She must give it all up, and when Tom comes in two
+days, as he said he should, to fetch her, she must withstand his
+pleading and send him back alone, and never see the sweet garden and
+fresh sea again.
+
+It is one of the cruellest days of bitter March weather. Yet early in
+the day after the talk with Brightie, Hazel goes out in spite of the
+cutting east wind. Wearily she drags herself about, making one more
+effort to dispose of the manuscript of a story she has written, which
+was ignominiously returned to her as useless this morning. Hour after
+hour she struggles on in a kind of desperation, trying every possible
+chance of getting rid of her laborious production. She is fully assured
+in her own mind that she will have no opportunity of getting out of
+doors, even to try and dispose of it, after to-day for many days to
+come. Her growing illness makes that certain. But all efforts are worse
+than useless. It is nearing seven o'clock, and growing quite dark, when
+she reaches Union-square and stumbles up those endless stairs at length.
+For the first two flights the stairs are comparatively broad and
+handsome, and they are thickly carpeted; but above they grow narrow and
+bare and steep. As she begins to ascend, Hazel meets a lady in a rich
+dress. There are preparations, too, in the lower rooms, which betoken
+the commencement of some festivity. Hazel is heartsick and footsore, and
+these slight matters intensify her loneliness and sadness, till as she
+enters her own dark, desolate room her swelling heart finds vent in a
+stifled sob. There has been no scarcity of trouble in the
+five-and-twenty years of Hazel Deane's life.
+
+And now the trouble that weighs upon her this dreary night is the
+rejection all round of the treasured writing, offered everywhere with
+diffidence and hope, received back always with mortification and
+despair. It is now finally flung aside. Then there is the trouble of
+losing her friend--her one friend, Miss Bright--for Hazel's delicate
+little body holds a resolute mind and strong will, and she is determined
+her friend shall not forego the so long needed rest on her account.
+
+The moon is looking in through the uncurtained window, looking into the
+cold, bare room, where only two or three cinders glow a dull red in the
+grate. Beside it Hazel leans back in her chair, musing bitterly on all
+the gladness gone out of her life. "I am one of those who have none to
+love them," she thinks, and the tears gather in her eyes again.
+
+She is quoting from Mr. Ruskin's "Queen's Gardens," the book which
+enabled her to bear patiently a long delay at one of the publishers she
+had tried that day. She had found it lying upon the table beside her as
+she waited, and picking it up, had become engrossed in it.
+
+"And I am a woman, and I suppose, therefore, a queen--at least a
+possible queen," she muses--"a pretty queen!"
+
+(_To be concluded._)
+
+[1] Sesame and Lilies. By John Ruskin, LL.D. 1. Of King's Treasuries.
+2. Of Queen's Gardens.
+
+
+
+
+THE WEATHER AND HEALTH.
+
+BY MEDICUS.
+
+
+We have all heard tell of the "Clerk of the Weather." What a poor,
+ill-used, roundly-rated, over-worked individual he must be! His whole
+life must be spent in an impossible endeavour to please everybody. We
+may imagine the poor man going of a morning towards his office with
+languid steps and weary, wondering all the while to himself what sort of
+weather he ought to give the public to-day.
+
+Arrived in front of his desk, he must stagger back with dismay at the
+piles on piles of letters heaped thereon. To read them all is out of the
+question; so he sits down and draws one forth, just as you would draw a
+card from the hand of someone who pretended to tell fortunes.
+
+He opens the letter. It isn't a pleasant one by any means. There is a
+tone of growling impatience in every line of it. How long, the writer,
+who is an invalid, wants to know, are these horrible east winds going to
+prevail down in Devonshire? She has come here for her health's sake; she
+has been here for three weeks, and all that time it has never ceased to
+blow, and she has never ceased to cough and ache.
+
+The clerk throws this epistle into the Balaam box and listlessly draws
+out another. "Don't you think," the writer says, "that a blink of
+sunshine would be a blessing--and a drop or two of warm rain to bring
+the fruit on, and the garden stuff? What is the good of having a Clerk
+of the Weather at all if he cannot attend better to his duties?"
+
+That letter is also pitched into the Balaam box, and a third drawn--a
+delightful little cocked-hat of a letter, written on delicately-perfumed
+paper, probably with a dove's quill. She--of course it is a she!--is
+going to a garden-party on Tuesday week; would he, the Clerk of the
+Weather, kindly see that not a drop of rain falls on that day? Only
+bright sunshine, and occasional cloudlets to act as awnings and temper
+its heat.
+
+The Clerk with a smile places that letter aside for further
+consideration, and goes on drawing. All and everyone of them either
+demand impossibilities or merely write to abuse the poor Clerk for some
+fancied dereliction of duty. One wants rain, another growls because
+there has been too much wet. This one is grumbling at the fogs, this
+other at the sunshine; this one suggests snow for a change, and this
+other begs for a thunderstorm to clear the atmosphere.
+
+And so on and so forth. No wonder the bewildered Clerk jumps up at last
+and over-turns the table, letters and all, and audibly expresses a
+desire to let all the winds loose upon the world at once, to revel and
+tear and do as they like, to bring blinding snow from the far north and
+drenching rains from the torrid zone, to order a select assortment of
+thunderstorms from the Cape of Good Hope, and a healthy tornado from the
+Indian Ocean. But he thinks better of it, burns all the letters, and
+goes quietly on with his day's duty.
+
+We see, then, that no matter what state of body of mind we may be in, we
+cannot get weather to order. We really commit an error, if nothing
+worse, in asking for weather to suit us.
+
+We cannot alter our climate. December and January will bring their
+frosts and snows without asking our permission; easterly or
+nor'-easterly winds will prevail in the spring months; March will
+bluster, April will weep; May will smile through her tears by day and
+freeze us with her frosts at night, and July will stupefy us with
+thunderstorms, and August scorch us with heat one day and drench us to
+the skin the next.
+
+Now I am happy to say that a very large percentage of the readers of THE
+GIRL'S OWN PAPER are so healthy in lungs and in nerves, and so
+stout-hearted and strong-limbed, that it is, as a rule, a matter of
+entire indifference to them how the wind blows or how the weather is.
+But all are not so, and it will seem a matter of surprise for the really
+robust to be told that many girls are so delicately constituted that
+they actually can tell if the wind is from the east before they draw the
+blind and look out. It is for this section of our girls that I am
+writing to-day. They may not be invalids, but may simply labour under a
+great susceptibility to atmospheric changes.
+
+Such as these will be glad to be told that there is every possibility of
+their growing out of this disagreeable susceptibility, much depending
+upon how they use and treat themselves when young. Spring winds are very
+hard upon those who are subject to chest or throat irritation--in other
+words, to common colds--and I must take this opportunity of entreating
+girls of this class never to neglect a cold. Why? Because one cold on
+top of another, as the saying is, will certainly result in the end in
+thickening of the delicate mucous membrane that lines the lungs, and if
+this takes place you may look forward to being in time a confirmed
+invalid the greater part of the year through winter cough.
+
+It is not a very difficult thing to get clear of a cold if taken in
+time. Confinement to the house for a day, or even two, a lowered diet, a
+mixture of the solution of acetate of ammonia and spirits of sweet nitre
+the first day, some aperient medicine and an ordinary cough mixture the
+second or third day, warmer clothing and avoidance of exposure to high
+winds; this treatment will be found successful in nine cases out of ten.
+
+Sudden changes in temperature are apt to induce illness in the delicate.
+Mild weather may have prevailed for some days, when all at once the wind
+veers round to the north-east and at the same time it blows high.
+Exposure to weather of this kind may induce whatsoever kind of ailment
+an individual is subject to.
+
+Well, there is one way and only one, to avoid it, and that is to dress
+in proportion to the cold. No need for the clothing to be thick or
+heavy. It should rather be the reverse, only soft and warm. Heavy
+clothing is sure to cause fatigue in walking, and also perspiration, and
+both states of body lay open the pores for trouble to enter.
+
+No need, either, for even the delicate to confine themselves to the
+house during the cold spring weeks or days. Confinement to the house
+means want of exercise, want of an abundance of fresh air, and very
+often want of appetite. Well, the strong may exist intact for a long
+time without much exercise or ozone, but, mind you, the delicate cannot.
+
+On wet days a mackintosh may be worn, though a good large umbrella is
+far better. But if you will have a waterproof, let it be a cloth one,
+one that will admit of ventilation, and not an india-rubber article.
+This last is only fit for a Scottish cabman, with muscles of iron and
+sinews of steel.
+
+Here is an extreme case by way of example. A lady goes out to take a
+walk on a damp day thus accoutred: An extraordinary bulk and weight of
+clothes, and over all an india-rubber mackintosh; on her feet are those
+abominations called goloshes; over her mouth she has stuck a respirator,
+and over her head and shoulders she carries an enormous umbrella. The
+windows and doors of this lady's house are always kept shut, and
+rendered hermetically sealed by woollen sand-bags and other
+oxygen-banishing contrivances. Is it any wonder that she is pale and
+flabby in face, that her very hands are sickly, soft, and puffy, and
+that she is continually at war with the cook?
+
+Be warned, dear reader; take all reasonable precautions against catching
+cold, but do not render your body unwholesome from over-clothing, nor
+your lungs sickly for want of the pure air of heaven that you can no
+more live well without than a fish can survive in a muddy stream. Sore
+throat and tic doloreux, or face-ache, are very common complaints in
+cold weather with high winds. But I really think they are more easily
+prevented than cured. Both may be produced in the same way--namely, from
+exposure to cold. It is a draught blowing directly on the face and into
+the eyes or upon the neck that brings on these distressing complaints.
+Beware of such a draught, and beware of damp or wet feet. Beware, also,
+when walking out, of having too thick a muffle around the neck, for this
+is apt to sweat it.
+
+Whenever you feel the slightest touch of sore throat, examine it at the
+glass, and if there be any redness, do it over with your camel's-hair
+pencil dipped in a mixture of glycerine two parts and tincture of iron
+one part.
+
+As for tic, you protect yourself against cold and damp, but you ought
+also to take an occasional tonic, and there is nothing I know better
+than the citrate of iron and quinine. If, however, this medicine should
+produce a disagreeable feeling of fulness in the head, it had better be
+avoided and some other tonic substituted. Well, there is cod-liver oil
+in conjunction with the extract of malt. This is the only form in which
+cod-liver oil can be taken by many.
+
+I should mention that an occasional aperient pill will do good, but that
+the habit of taking medicine of this kind as a regular thing should be
+avoided.
+
+In cold weather the feet should be kept very comfortable, but you must
+avoid sitting too much by the fire. I have already said that sudden
+atmospheric changes are dangerous, but girls often manufacture these
+changes for themselves, quite independent of the weather, by keeping
+themselves too warm indoors and hugging the fire too much.
+
+In cold weather the food should be more nourishing, and soups are good
+for the health. Soups should be avoided when the weather changes to
+warm.
+
+Sugar, sweets, puddings, and fatty foods are all good in cold, bleak
+weather, but in summer these do harm, if used to any great extent, by
+heating the blood.
+
+The change in this country from cold with high winds and perhaps frosts
+at night to warmth and even scorching heat is often very sudden. Even
+the delicate are then very apt to throw off their winter or spring
+clothing. But to do so suddenly is highly injudicious. Girls who are not
+strong should wear some woollen material all the year round. This should
+of course be of a lighter texture in summer, but woollen it ought to be,
+without doubt.
+
+It is, I believe, a fact that there are fully as many disagreeable colds
+caught in summer as in winter, and this can only be owing to the greater
+recklessness with which people expose themselves to the influence of the
+weather.
+
+During sultry and thundery weather, as it is called, many of the
+delicate suffer from languor, listlessness, and headache. These symptoms
+usually go away suddenly when the weather breaks or the storm comes on
+and rolls over. Exertion in cases of this kind should be avoided, as
+well as anything like heavy meals. The sufferer is better out of doors
+than in, and better reclining in a hammock or easy-chair out of a
+draught than standing or walking about.
+
+Hot weather greatly depresses the vital energy, because it usually comes
+on so suddenly. On very warm days the delicate should avoid the
+sunshine's glare during the heat of the day. But exercise must be taken
+if health is to be retained, so in summer even girls that are not strong
+should get out of bed soon and take a tepid if not cold bath. About
+half-an-hour after breakfast is the best time for exercise, and again
+about an hour before sunset, just when the day is cooling down, but
+before the chill, night air has begun to blow.
+
+I have no intention at present to take up the subject of food in its
+relation to weather, but I must be permitted to say that in our country,
+as a rule, summer dinners are served on mistaken principles. Why, they
+differ but little, if at all, from the same meals as placed before us in
+the winter season--soup, fish, and great joints, pastry and cheese.
+
+To the robust I have nothing to say. Let them eat what they choose; in
+time they will find out their mistake. But I do seriously advise
+delicate girls to live rather abstemiously and on light, easily digested
+dishes during the hot weather. Salads (and fruit, if good and ripe) may,
+however, be taken with great benefit.
+
+We constantly hear young folks complaining of thirst during very warm
+weather. The reason is not so much to be sought in the heat itself as in
+the way they live. Overloading the stomach with strong meats in the
+summer season not only induces thirst but positively enfeebles the body
+and hurts the digestion.
+
+Ice and ices should be avoided as much as possible; at the best their
+use is but a very artificial way of cooling the overheated body. A
+mixture of ice and stimulants is worse ten times. A cup of good tea is
+one of the most wholesome beverages one can take in warm weather. It
+exhilarates, it cools, and while it cools the body it calms the mind.
+
+Lime or lemon juice and water make a good drink. It should be sipped.
+
+Ginger beer is somewhat too gassy for a delicate stomach. Raspberry
+syrup in water, acidulated to taste with a little citric acid, is very
+refreshing, and the same may be said of many other of the fruit syrups.
+
+Raspberry vinegar is made by placing three pounds of the picked fruit
+into a glass vessel and pouring over them a pint and a half of white
+wine vinegar. It should stand for a fortnight and then be strained
+without pressure.
+
+Buttermilk is as good for a drink in summer as it is for the complexion.
+Whey is also an excellent drink in summer, and I cannot refrain from
+suggesting as a summer dish curds and cream.
+
+Ripe fruit may be eaten during hot weather with great benefit, only it
+must be ripe and not over ripe.
+
+To conclude, I shall give a prescription for a summer drink which is
+worth making a note of. Take the thin peel and the juice of a good-sized
+lemon and add a small teaspoonful of citric acid and a wine-glassful of
+fruit syrup, then pour on of boiling water one quart. Let it stand till
+cold, and then strain.
+
+
+
+
+GIRLS' FRIENDSHIPS.
+
+By the Author of "Flowering Thorns."
+
+
+CHAPTER I.
+
+IDEAL FRIENDSHIPS.
+
+
+I don't suppose there are many girls between the ages of sixteen and
+twenty-three who have not a great friend--a particular friend; and if
+there are, it is my opinion they cannot be the best kind of girls,
+because unnatural.
+
+Some one--I think it is the author of "John Halifax, Gentleman"--has
+called friendship a "Foreshadowing of love"; and if it is natural for a
+woman to have a lover, it is no less natural for a girl to have a great
+friend among her girl associates.
+
+How do girls make friends? and why do their friendships last very often
+but a short time? or, again, how is it they ever endure a long time? are
+questions which people who have forgotten their own early friendships,
+or, perhaps, never gave much thought to them, puzzle over in vain. And
+they may have puzzled you too, my thoughtful girl-readers, who want the
+ideal friend you have read of or dreamed of in day-dreams, but neither
+possess nor know how to acquire.
+
+To begin with--What is friendship? and I am inclined to define it as a
+bond of mutual affection, sympathy, and help. If it is lacking in any
+one of these particulars, just so far does it fall short of ideal
+friendship.
+
+Test your present so-called friendship by these tests, and I think you
+will find that any dissatisfaction you may feel in them can be accounted
+for by a failure to pass one or other.
+
+There is, perhaps, not much difficulty about the first of these. Young
+people feel quickly and strongly, and if girls did not honestly love one
+another, or imagine--also honestly--that they did, the friendship, if,
+indeed, it could exist at all, would be shorn of half its charm. But
+love must be fed, and will only starve on a diet of respect and
+admiration, without a very large admixture of sympathy. Sympathy,
+fellow-feeling, mutual sensibility--call it how we will--is a simple
+necessity to our ideal friendship, and by no means compels the two
+friends to unvarying likeness either in character or tastes. But our
+ideal friends--let us call them Alice and Maud--must be united so wholly
+by this subtle bond that the pleasure, pain, or interest of the one
+touches, through her, the other, who shares in what I may call this
+reflective way the emotion originating with her friend.
+
+Alice, who does not personally care for music in the least, yet
+thoroughly enjoys a concert, because she is feeling (reflectively) all
+the time the keen delight with which Maud is listening to every note;
+and Maud, for the same reason, has true pleasure in reading that rather
+dry volume of essays, because that scattered throughout are sentiments
+and expressions which she knows very well Alice will greatly appreciate.
+
+Mutual sympathy between friends is, of course, the outcome of love; and
+yet it is surprising how little sympathy sometimes exists between girls
+who to all appearance are really fond of one another.
+
+This may arise from selfishness, unselfishness, or unintelligence--that
+density of mental vision which has never been educated to perceive the
+subtle bonds which bind soul to soul.
+
+Now let us take Edith and Amy as examples of an imperfect friendship, in
+contrary distinction to the ideal or perfect. They are fond of one
+another, but there is a lack of mutual sympathy. Amy is full of ideas
+and projects, which she sows broadcast during their long confidentials,
+and which spring up in great beauty (to her mind, at least) in the
+fertile soil of Edith's admiration. But all the giving is on one side.
+Edith listens and wonders, applauds or condoles, as her stronger-minded
+friend may give her the cue, too unselfish, and perhaps, also, too
+timid, to intrude her own less thrilling interests and hopes upon Amy's
+self-absorption; so that when the latter comes to an end of her
+confidences, and has leisure and recollection enough to say, "And now,
+Edith, what have you been doing?" she hastily replies, "Oh, nothing
+particular," glad to be able to shield her insignificance in silence.
+
+Amy does not miss the return confidence which makes friendship so sweet;
+she is too full of her own affairs to be a listener. Edith is her
+overflow, whom she leaves saying mentally, "What a dear little
+sympathetic thing she is! What should I do without her?"
+
+But what is Edith to do? Where is her overflow? This is a very one-sided
+friendship: the companionship of giant and dwarf, which sooner or later
+must come to an end or be very uncomfortable for the dwarf. The friends,
+as I said, need not be alike, need not even be of equal capacity,
+intellectually or practically, but the sympathy, rooted in affection,
+must be mutual; it must be equal give and take, or the friendship is
+miserably stunted and incomplete.
+
+And this brings me to speak of the third ingredient in what I have
+defined as a perfect friendship--mutual help, which, of course, supposes
+the two friends to be somewhat different, whether in character, tastes,
+or surroundings, so that one can supply what the other lacks.
+
+[Illustration: ALICE AND MAUD.]
+
+If two countries in friendly relations both produce one article
+abundantly, and are both lacking in some other article, there can be no
+commerce--which is the symbol of friendly relations--between them. Both
+must apply to a third country for that in which both are deficient. And
+if Edith cannot get help from Amy when she is in need of it, not
+necessarily advice, but some new view of the situation occasioned by
+Amy's different character or life, and which would enable Edith to face
+the trouble or difficulty with more courage or intelligence--if, I say,
+Edith cannot get this help from Amy, before long she will find Clara,
+and the friendship will be dissolved or cooled; while undiscerning
+people will say, "How fickle these girls are!"
+
+Not at all. They obey a subtle, spiritual law, which makes it impossible
+for friendship long to exist on insufficient food, and when it is said
+that women are unreasoning and exacting in their friendships, it is
+simply because people don't see that it is the nature which is in them
+crying out to be fed with that without which it must die.
+
+But if after, it may be, years of affectionate intercourse, you still
+find that your friend gives you absolutely nothing which you have not
+already got--that she communicates no thought or experience to you that
+will stimulate your mind or aid you in the practical work of life--do
+you not begin to lose interest in her, strive as you will against the
+consciousness of it? Does not the friend quit her hold on you and slide
+down to the level of those of whom an hour or a letter every few weeks
+gives you enough? You may feel affectionately towards such, but not
+friendship.
+
+Our ideal friends, Alice and Maud, are very different. Alice is studious
+and thoughtful, leading a quiet, uneventful life; Maud is high-spirited,
+devoted to art and music, and sees considerably more of "the world," as
+it is called. But they are a constant source of interest and assistance
+to each other. Alice's thoughtful mind finds the meaning to the puzzles
+of Maud's more superficial existence, who in turn puts the light touches
+to Alice's grave conclusions, which often give them reality. These two,
+as it were, sketch life's island from different points. One takes the
+outline of cliff or shore, dashing in what I may call the aggregated
+tints of forest and hill; the other paints by turns each special crag or
+ravine, with their colours in detail; yet both are correct, and we want
+both if we are to understand the island.
+
+I can imagine Maud in difficulty thinking, "I must go and see Alice, she
+will help me out of my perplexity; she takes such different views of
+things from those I do, and I have really come to an end of my ideas."
+
+Or Alice, also in difficulty, though probably of a very different
+character, exclaiming, "I only wish Maud were here. She would know just
+how to arrange this; and I cannot imagine what to do."
+
+Emerson tells us that as soon as we come up with a man's (or woman's)
+limitations it is all over with us. Before that he might have been
+infinitely alluring and attractive--"a great hope--a sea to swim in";
+but you discover that he has a shore--that the sea is, in fact, a
+pond--and you cease to care for it.
+
+There is something in this to explain the languidness or cessation of
+many girl friendships. There is nothing more to be learned--nothing more
+to teach. They have come to an end of their resources; there is no more
+help to be got, and the interest dwindles. A long walk or talk with one
+another becomes stale, each prefers her own society, and by degrees the
+unfed affection cools, and they find themselves unconsciously groping
+about for souls whose limitations they have not yet reached.
+
+This is not fickleness; it is Nature; and there is a natural
+remedy--progress. If day by day your shores--to use Emerson's
+simile--widen, if you will not allow your mind to remain at a
+standstill, like the stagnant pond, but are constantly receiving and
+constantly using varied stores of knowledge and experience, you need not
+fear to crush your friend by the discovery of your limitations. She will
+have to progress too, if she is to come up with that; and as there is no
+reasonable probability that you will advance in precisely the same
+direction, you will each find increasing interest and help in the
+other's society.
+
+One thing more the ideal friendship needs, but it is one most girls'
+friendships, whether ideal or not, possess. I mean confidence. It is not
+till the twenties are well into that reserve and reticence take their
+place in a woman's friendship; it is not till then that she questions
+with herself how far she will trust her friend with her hopes, fears,
+and troubles. The younger we are, the more generous, trusting, and
+unsuspicious we are; which is, I suppose, the great reason why we never
+make such particular friends when the period of trust is past. If your
+friend is worthy of the name, trust her wholly. How can you sympathise
+with or help one another if you only tell half your troubles and
+difficulties? I do not mean that all should wear their hearts upon their
+sleeves. Every girl has, and should have, her private sanctuary of
+thought, where none may enter; but in the matters which are discussed
+between friends let there be no half-confidences.
+
+I have tried to sketch what I call an ideal friendship. If they are
+rare, they are possible--most possible if you only study their
+construction.
+
+I think all thoughtful and imaginative girls long for this ideal
+friendship; but I wonder if they all reflect that the ideality does not
+all depend on the friend, but on themselves. If it takes two most
+emphatically to make a quarrel, it needs two to make a friendship. Do
+your best to make it ideal.
+
+I have known such a friendship; I know that it is possible; and I know
+that it is one of the most perfect experiences our life can give us.
+
+You do not need to live exceptional lives in order to love, sympathise,
+and help. Experience is the best teacher, and gives lessons to all. Use
+that intelligently as a means of moral, mental, spiritual progress,
+remembering that it does not come to you by chance, but rather as the
+work of
+
+                             "The hands
+    Which reach through Nature, moulding men."
+
+(_To be continued._)
+
+
+
+
+MERLE'S CRUSADE.
+
+BY ROSA NOUCHETTE CAREY, Author of "Aunt Diana," "For Lilias," etc.
+
+
+CHAPTER II.
+
+AN UNPREACHED SERMON.
+
+
+Such an odd thing happened a few minutes afterwards. I was sitting quite
+quietly in my corner, turning over in my mind all the arguments with
+which I had assailed Aunt Agatha that Sunday afternoon, and watching the
+pink glow of the firelight in contrast to the whiteness of the snow
+outside, when the door bell rang, and almost the next moment Uncle Keith
+came into the room.
+
+I suppose he must have overlooked me entirely, for he went up to Aunt
+Agatha and sat down beside her.
+
+"Sweetheart," he said, taking her hand, and I should hardly have
+recognised his voice, "I have been thinking about you all the way home,
+and what a pleasant sight my wife's face would be after my long walk
+through the snow and----" But here Aunt Agatha must have given him a
+warning look, for he stopped rather abruptly, and said, "Hir-rumph"
+twice over, and Aunt Agatha blushed just as though she were a girl.
+
+I could not help laughing a little to myself as I went out of the room
+to tell Patience to bring in the tea, and yet that sentence of Uncle
+Keith touched me somehow. Were middle-aged people capable of that sort
+of love? Did youth linger so long in them? I had imagined those two such
+a staid, matter-of-fact couple; they had come together so late in life,
+that one never dreamt of any possible romance in such a courtship, and
+yet he could call Aunt Agatha "Sweetheart" in a voice that was not the
+least drawling. At that moment one would not have called him so plain
+and insignificant with that kind look on his face. I suppose he keeps
+that look for Aunt Agatha, for I remember she once told me that she had
+never seen such a good face as Uncle Keith's "not handsome, Merle, but
+so thoroughly good."
+
+Patience was toasting the muffins in her bright little kitchen, so I sat
+down and watched her. I was rather partial to Patience; she was a
+pretty, neat-looking creature, and I always thought it a great pity that
+she was engaged to a journeyman bootmaker, who aspired to be a preacher.
+I never could approve of Reuben Locke, though Aunt Agatha spoke well of
+him; he was such a weak, pale-faced young man; and I think a man, to be
+one, ought to have some spirit in him, and not possess only the womanish
+virtues.
+
+"How is Reuben, Patience?" I asked, somewhat amiably, just for the
+pleasure of seeing our little handmaid's dimples come into view.
+
+"Reuben's but poorly, miss," replied Patience, as she buttered another
+smoking muffin, the last of the pile. "He was preaching at Whitechapel
+the other night and caught a cold and sore throat; his mother says he
+will not be at chapel to-night."
+
+"I do not approve of street preaching myself," I remarked, a little
+severely.
+
+"Indeed, miss," replied Patience, innocently, as she prepared to carry
+in the tea-tray, "Reuben always tells me that the Apostles were street
+preachers, and Reuben is as clear as Gospel in what he says." But here
+the drawing-room bell broke off Patience's argument, and left me
+somewhat worsted. I went to church by myself that evening, and I am
+ashamed to say I heard very little of the sermon. I knew Aunt Agatha
+would be taking advantage of my long absence to retail what she termed
+my preposterous scheme to Uncle Keith, and that I should have the
+benefit of his opinion on my return, and this thought made me restless.
+
+I was not wrong in my surmise. Aunt Agatha looked a little pale and
+subdued, as though she had been shedding a few tears over my
+delinquencies, but Uncle Keith was simply inscrutable; when he chose,
+his face could present a perfect blank.
+
+"Hir-rumph, my dear, what is this your aunt tells me, that you are going
+to Prince's Gate to-morrow morning to offer your services as nurse in a
+gentleman's family?"
+
+"Yes, Uncle Keith."
+
+"Do you mean to tell me seriously that you have really made up your mind
+to take this step?"
+
+"Oh, I am quite serious, I assure you."
+
+"Your aunt's objections and mine do not count for much, then?"
+
+"I should be sorry to go against your wishes or Aunt Agatha's," I
+returned, trying to keep cool; but his manner, as usual, aggravated me;
+it said so plainly, "What a silly child you are, and yet you think
+yourself a woman," "but I must do as I think right in this matter. I
+hope to prove to you and everyone else that there is nothing derogatory
+in the work I mean to undertake. It is not what I would choose, perhaps,
+but everything else is closed to me," thinking sorrowfully of my
+life-long misfortune, as I always called it, and my repressed longings
+for hospital training.
+
+"Perhaps if you waited something else might turn up." But I shook my
+head at this.
+
+"I have waited too long already, Uncle Keith; idleness soon becomes a
+habit."
+
+"Then if you have made up your mind, it is useless to try and alter it,"
+returned Uncle Keith, in a slightly ironical tone, and he actually took
+up the volume he was reading in a way that showed he had dismissed the
+subject. I was never more astonished in my life; never had Uncle Keith
+so completely baffled me.
+
+I had spent the whole time during which I ought to have been listening
+to the sermon, in recapitulating the heads of my arguments in favour of
+this very scheme; I would show Uncle Keith how clearly and logically I
+could work out the subject.
+
+I had thought out quite an admirable little essay on feminine work in
+the nineteenth century by the time Mr. Wright had finished his
+discourse. I meant to have cited the Challoners as an example. Aunt
+Agatha had stayed in their neighbourhood of Oldfield just before her
+marriage, and had often paid visits at Longmead and Glen Cottage.
+
+The eldest Miss Challoner--Nan, I think they called her--was just
+preparing for her own wedding, and Aunt Agatha often told me what a
+beautiful girl she was, and what a fine, intelligent creature the second
+sister Phillis seemed. She was engaged to a young clergyman at Hadleigh,
+and there had been some talk of a double wedding, only Nan's
+father-in-law, Mr. Mayne, of Longmead, had been rather cross at the
+notion, so Phillis's was to be postponed until the autumn.
+
+All the neighbourhood of Oldfield had been ringing with the strange
+exploits of these young ladies. One little fact had leaked out after
+another; it was said their own cousin, Sir Henry Challoner, of Gilsbank,
+had betrayed the secret, though he always vowed his wife had a hand, or
+rather a tongue, in the business; but anyhow, there was a fine nine
+days' gossip over the matter.
+
+It seemed that some time previously Mrs. Challoner and her three
+daughters had sustained severe losses, and the three girls, instead of
+losing courage, had put their shoulders to the wheel, and had actually
+set up as dressmakers at Hadleigh, carrying on their business in a most
+masterly fashion, until the unexpected return of their relative, Sir
+Harry Challoner, from Australia, with plenty of money at his disposal,
+broke up the dressmaking business, and reinstated them at Glen Cottage.
+
+A few of their friends had been much offended with them, but as it was
+understood that Lady Fitzroy had spoken warmly of their moral courage
+and perseverance, it had become the fashion to praise them. Aunt Agatha
+had often quoted them to me, saying she had never met more charming
+girls, and adding more than once how thoroughly she respected their
+independence, and of course in recalling the Challoners I thought I
+should have added my crowning argument.
+
+There was so much, too, that I longed to say in favour of my theory. The
+love of little children was very strong with me. I had often been pained
+as I walked through the streets at seeing tired children dragged along
+or shaken angrily by some coarse, uneducated nurse. It had always seemed
+rather a pitiful idea to me that children from their infancy should be
+in hourly contact with rough, menial natures. "Surely," I would say to
+myself, "the mother's place must be in her nursery; she can find no
+higher duty than this, to watch over her little ones; even if her
+position or rank hinder her constant supervision, why need she relegate
+her maternal duties to uneducated women? Are there no poor gentlewomen
+in the world who would gladly undertake such a work from very love, and
+who would refuse to believe for one moment they were losing caste in
+discharging one of the holiest and purest duties in life?
+
+"What an advantage to the children," I imagined myself saying in answer
+to some objection on Uncle Keith's part, never dreaming that all this
+eloquence would be silenced by masculine cunning.
+
+"What an advantage to these little creatures to hear English pure and
+undefiled from their cradles, and to be trained to habits of refinement
+and good manners by merely instinctively following the example before
+their eyes. Children are such copyists, one shudders to think of these
+impressionable little beings being permitted by their natural guardians
+to take their earliest lessons from some uneducated person.
+
+"Women are crying out for work, Uncle Keith," I continued, carrying my
+warfare into a fresh quarter; but, alas! this, with the rest of my
+eloquence, died a natural death on my way home. "There are too many of
+the poor things in this world, and the female market is overstocked.
+They are invading telegraph offices, and treading on the heels of
+business men, but sheer pride and stupidity prevent them from trying to
+open nursery doors."
+
+"Unladylike to be a servant," another imaginary objection on Uncle
+Keith's part. "Oh, fie, Uncle Keith! this from you, who read your Bible
+and go to church; and yet I remember a certain passage, 'Whosoever will
+be chief among you let him be your servant,' which has hallowed the very
+idea of service ever since.
+
+"To serve others seems the very meaning of womanhood; in some sense, a
+woman serves all the days of her life. No, I am not farfetched and
+unpractical." Another supposed masculine tirade. "I have thought over
+the whole thing most carefully. I am not only working for myself, but
+for others. I want to open the eyes of my generation, and, like the
+Challoners, to lead a new crusade against the mighty sham of
+conventionality. Understand me, Uncle Keith, I do not say to these young
+gentlewomen, put your pride in your pocket and wheel your perambulator
+with the twins, or carry the baby into the park before the eyes of your
+aristocratic acquaintance; that would be unnecessary and foolish; you
+may leave that part to the under-nurse, who brings your meals and scours
+your nurseries; I simply say to them, if you have no capacity for
+teaching, if nature has unfitted you for other work, and you are too
+proud and conscientious to live a dragging, dependent life under the
+roof of some overburthened relative, take the charge of some
+aristocratic nursery. Do not think it beneath your womanhood to feed and
+wash and clothe an infant, or to watch over weak, toddling creatures.
+Your work may be humble, but you will grow to love it, and if no one
+else will put the theory to the test, I, Merle Fenton, will do so,
+though I must take the plunge unaided, and alone."
+
+But all these feeling observations were locked up in my own inner
+consciousness, for during the remainder of the evening Uncle Keith
+simply ignored the subject and read his book with a pretence of being
+perfectly absorbed in it, though I am certain that his eyes twinkled
+mischievously whenever he looked in my direction, as though he were
+quite aware of my flood of repressed oratory.
+
+I determined to have it out with Aunt Agatha, so I followed her into her
+room, and asked her in a peevish voice what she meant by saying Uncle
+Keith would be so angry with me, as he had not raised a single
+objection, and, of course, as silence meant consent, I should most
+certainly keep my appointment at Prince's Gate.
+
+Aunt Agatha looked a little distressed as she answered me.
+
+"To tell you the truth, Merle, I did not quite understand your uncle
+myself; I expected a very different reception of my news."
+
+"Tell me all about it from the very beginning," I returned, eagerly.
+"Patience has made such a nice fire, because she said she was afraid you
+had a cold, and I can just sit by it and brush out my hair while we
+talk."
+
+"But I am tired and sleepy, child, and after all there is not much to
+tell," objected Aunt Agatha; but she was far too good-natured to refuse
+for all that, so she seated herself, dear soul, in the big chair--that
+she had christened Idleness--and tried to remember what I wished to
+hear.
+
+"I told him everything, Merle: how your one little defect hindered you,
+poor child, from being a nursery governess or companion, and how, in
+spite of this serious obstacle, you were determined to work and be
+independent."
+
+"Well, and did he say nothing to all that?" I asked, for I knew in what
+a feeling manner Aunt Agatha would have described my difficulties.
+
+"Oh, yes; he said, 'poor little thing,' in the kindest possible way,
+'and quite right--very proper,' when I spoke of your desire for work."
+
+"Well," rather impatiently.
+
+"He listened very attentively until I read him out the advertisement,
+but that seemed to upset him, for he burst out laughing, and I thought
+he would never stop. I was half crying by that time, for you had worried
+me to death all the afternoon, Merle, but nothing I could say would make
+him grave for a long time. He said once, 'What could have put such a
+thing into her head?' and then he laughed again as though the idea
+amused him, and then he rubbed his hands and muttered, 'What an original
+child it is; there is no deficiency of brain power as far as I can see;
+who would have dreamt of such a thing?' and so on."
+
+"Then I may flatter myself that Uncle Keith approves of my scheme," I
+observed, stiffly, for I was much offended at the idea of his laugh.
+
+"Oh dear, no," returned Aunt Agatha, in an alarmed voice, "he expressed
+his disapproval very strongly; he said it was all very well in theory,
+and that, on the whole, he agreed with you that the nursery was
+undoubtedly a lady-like sphere, but he was far from sure that your
+scheme would be practical. He foresaw all kinds of difficulties, and
+that he did not consider you at all the person for such a position."
+
+"Why did not Uncle Keith say all this to me himself?" I demanded.
+
+"Because he said it would only be sowing the wind to raise the
+whirlwind. In an argument he declares women always have the best of it,
+because they can talk the fastest, and never will own they are beaten;
+to raise objections would only be to strengthen you more in your
+purpose. I think," finished Aunt Agatha, in her softest voice, "that he
+hoped your plan would die a natural death, for he recommended me to
+withdraw all opposition."
+
+Oh, the cunning of these men. I would not have believed all this of
+Uncle Keith. I was far too angry to talk any more to Aunt Agatha; I only
+commanded my voice sufficiently to say that I fully intended to keep my
+appointment the next day; and as she only looked at me very sadly and
+said nothing, I had no excuse for lingering any longer, so I took up my
+candlestick and marched into my own room.
+
+It felt cold and desolate, and as I sat down by the toilet table, such
+sad eyes looked into mine from the depths of the mirror, that a curious
+self-pitying feeling made me prop my chin on my hands and exchange looks
+of silent sympathy with my image.
+
+My want of beauty never troubled me; it has always been my private
+conviction that we ought to be thankful if we are tolerably pleasant in
+other people's eyes; beauty is too rare a gift to be often reproduced.
+If people thought me nice-looking I was more than content; perhaps it
+was surprising that, with such good-looking parents, I was just ordinary
+and nothing else, "But never mind, Merle, you have a good figure and
+talking eyes," as Aunt Agatha once said to me. "I was much plainer at
+your age, my dear, but my plainness never prevented me from having a
+happy life and a good husband."
+
+"Well, perhaps I should like a happy life, too, but as for the
+husband--never dream of that, my good girl; remember your miserable
+deficiency in this enlightened age. No man in his senses would condone
+that; put such thoughts resolutely away and think only of your work in
+life. _Laborare est orare._"
+
+(_To be continued._)
+
+
+
+
+THE CONTENTS OF MY WORK-BOX.
+
+HOW BUTTONS ARE MADE.
+
+
+It is scarcely possible to determine when buttons, which are both useful
+and ornamental, were first made. In the paintings of the fourteenth
+century they frequently appear on the garments of both sexes, but in
+many instances they are drawn without button-holes, and are placed in
+such situations as to suggest that at that time they were used more for
+ornament than usefulness.
+
+It was towards the close of the sixteenth century that button-making was
+first considered a business, and that the manufacturers formed a
+considerable body.
+
+Button-making was originally a very tedious and expensive process. The
+button consisted of one solid piece of metal; the ornaments on the face
+of it were the work of an engraver. To obviate the expense connected
+with such a method of production, the press, stamp, and engine for
+turning the moulds were introduced. This improvement led the way for
+other improvements, both with regard to the materials from which buttons
+were afterwards made and also the process of manufacture. The plain gilt
+button, which was extensively used in the early part of the present
+century, was made from an alloy called plating metal, which contained a
+larger proportion of copper and less zinc than ordinary brass. The
+devices on the outer surface were produced by stamping the previously
+cut out blanks or metal discs with steel dies, after which the necks
+were soldered in. At the present time every possible kind of metal, from
+iron to gold, whether pure or mixed; every conceivable woven fabric,
+from canvas to the finest satin and velvet; every natural production
+capable of being turned out or pressed, as wood, horn, hoof, pearl,
+bone, ivory, jet, ivory nuts; every manufactured material of which the
+same may be said, as caoutchouc, leather, papier maché, glass,
+porcelain, etc., buttons are made in a great variety of shape; but at
+the present time they may be classed under four heads: buttons with
+shanks, buttons without shanks, buttons on rings or wire moulds, and
+buttons covered with cloth or some other material.
+
+In the process of metal button-making by means of fly presses and
+punches, circular discs, called blanks, are cut out of sheets of metal.
+This work is usually done by females, who, while seated at a bench,
+manage to cut out as many as thirty blanks per minute, or twelve gross
+in an hour. On leaving the press the edges of the blanks are very sharp.
+When they have been smoothed and rounded, the surfaces are planished on
+the face by being placed separately in a die, under a small stamp, and
+causing them to receive a sharp blow from a polished steel hammer. The
+next process is that of shanking, or attaching small metal loops, by
+which they are fastened to garments. The shank manufacture is a distinct
+branch of the trade in Birmingham, although at times carried on in the
+same factory.
+
+The shanks are made by a machine, in which a coil of wire is gradually
+advanced towards a pair of shears, which cut off short pieces. A metal
+finger then presses against the middle of each piece, first bending it
+and then pressing it into a vice, where it is compressed so as to form a
+loop; a hammer then strikes the two ends, spreading them into a flat
+surface, and the shank is pushed out of the machine ready for use. The
+shanks in some instances are attached to the blanks by women with iron
+wire, solder, and resin, after which they are placed in an oven, and
+when firmly united are removed and form plain buttons. In the majority
+of cases, however, soldering is dispensed with, the shanks being made
+secure in the press.
+
+If the button is to be finished without a shank, it is passed on from
+the press, which it leaves as a blank, to another where the holes are
+pierced, and then to a third where the roughness is removed from the
+edges of the holes.
+
+The commonest metal buttons which I have seen in process of making were
+cut out of scraps of tin, similar to what may be seen on the refuse heap
+of any shop where tin goods are made. The hand presses worked by women
+cut out the blanks, made a simple impression on the outside, and turned
+up the edges all round at the same time. The blanks were then passed on
+to another press, where pieces of cardboard were inserted, and the edges
+turned over to keep them firm. The holes were next pierced, and a finish
+given by a blow from a stamp.
+
+I felt deeply interested in seeing all kinds of buttons in process of
+being made, some for India, others for Chili, and our own army, but the
+prettiest and most interesting to witness while passing through the
+presses, stamps, and hands of the workers were some which were being
+made for Malta. In passing through the first press the blank was
+embossed and cut out. By another press the edge was scalloped, and by a
+third press the open work was effected. The next process was that of so
+pressing each disc to such an extent that the scalloped edges of two
+might meet, and thus form a round button of pretty design when united,
+and a shank fastened in the centre of one of the blanks.
+
+Military buttons, like many others, are made of two discs of metal, the
+impression on the outer ones being produced by a sharp blow in a stamp,
+the under ones having two holes pierced in them for the shanks, which
+are put through and bent flat on the inside. They are next passed
+through another press which firmly fastens the two discs together, and
+holds the shank so securely as to obviate the necessity of having
+recourse to soldering.
+
+Covered buttons are made in an immense variety of textiles. It is
+impossible in the space allowed for this paper to enumerate them, but I
+may add that their ingenious construction, their good wearing qualities,
+the clever mechanism of the tools by which the various discs of cloth,
+metal, millboard, etc., are cut out, and the methods of uniting them so
+as to form a complete button, are marvels of skill and industry.
+
+The earliest covered buttons were made so recently as the year 1802, in
+Birmingham, by Mr. B. Sanders. Those buttons had metal shanks, but by
+the ingenuity of Mr. Sanders, jun., his father's invention was completed
+by tufts of canvas, through which the buttons could be attached to
+garments, being substituted for rigid metal shanks. The only improvement
+since made has been that of covering the back of the silk-fronted
+buttons also with silk.
+
+A covered button consists of two discs of metal and one of millboard,
+thicker or thinner, according to circumstances. In making it, the sheet
+of iron is first scaled, by the use of powerful acids, and then cut into
+proper size and shape by a press. The neck, or collet, of the button is
+japanned after being stamped and cut. The hollow between the neck and
+shell is filled with millboard. When the parts are put together and
+pressed the button is brought into shape, and its several parts are
+consolidated.
+
+It was in the year 1841 that Mr. John Aston made the first three-fold
+linen button--that is, a button formed of a linen covering and a ring of
+metal, so put together that both sides and centre were completely
+covered with separate pieces of linen, and thus produced being quite
+flat. This being an exceedingly neat and convenient button, it became
+largely patronised, as it still is by housewives, for all underclothing,
+having superseded the old thread button formed of a ring of wire, with
+threads drawn over it and gathered in the centre. A slight improvement
+was made by Mr. Elliott. During the time that the patent lasted these
+two gentlemen worked in concert, and established a very successful
+business.
+
+So great has been the demand for covered linen buttons at different
+times, that during one single year Mr. Elliott's successors have in the
+process of making them required 63,000 yards of cloth and 34 tons of
+metal, and given employment to 250 persons. As the button trade has for
+a considerable time been in a very depressed condition, it is possible
+that the productions of this firm may not be of such magnitude as they
+were a few years since.
+
+With regard to the depressed condition of this branch of Birmingham
+industries, one manufacturer assured me, only a few weeks ago, that
+where 150 persons were employed at one time, not more than 20 or 30
+would be working then. In visiting one of the largest manufactories the
+same day, I saw sufficient to convince me of the truthfulness of his
+statement, for in passing through the different workshops I saw one or
+two presses, stamps, and turning-lathes at work, whereas several were
+unused and without attendants. One firm, when trade is in a flourishing
+condition, will make about 15,000 gross of linen buttons weekly. Ivory
+buttons are made from the tusks of elephants; but as the material is
+expensive, and the manipulation has to be conducted with great care, and
+that chiefly by hand, they can only be used by persons who can afford to
+pay a goodly sum.
+
+During the last few years, in which a great variety of colours has been
+introduced, both for ladies' and gentlemen's garments, and buttons have
+been required to match, it is fortunate that a substitute has been found
+for ivory in the kernel of the "corozo" nut. This nut grows in clusters
+on palm-like trees in South America, and is husked like a cocoanut, but
+is different in shape and considerably smaller in dimensions. The
+kernel--the part used in button-making--is milk-white, and being softer
+than animal ivory, is more easily turned, and as it readily absorbs
+dyes, it can be made to take any colour with little trouble.
+
+The process of making these vegetable ivory buttons is as
+follows:--After boys have cracked the shells, the kernels are taken by
+men standing at benches in which small fine-toothed saws are revolving.
+Only a slight pressure of the nut against the saw is required before it
+is divided into equal parts. If necessary, the operation is repeated.
+Providing, however, that the pieces of the nut are of proper dimensions,
+they are passed on to the turner.
+
+The next process is that of cutting out or turning, and is performed in
+the following manner:--The turner, after fixing a piece of the nut in
+the chuck of his lathe, brings a tubular cutter, the face edge of which
+is toothed like a saw, to work on the exposed front surface of the nut;
+the result is that of a rough button or mould. As these moulds are
+rough, they are passed on to another lathe, where they are made smooth,
+and then to a third, where the holes are drilled. They are next passed
+on to the dyer, who arranges his colours according to instructions
+received. It sometimes happens that a mottled appearance is required;
+when such is the case, girls are employed to touch them with the colours
+required by the aid of camel-hair pencils. The buttons are next placed
+in tanks for drying, the tanks being heated by steam for that purpose.
+
+Most of the buttons are polished in lathes by friction from their own
+dust, held in the hand of the operative.
+
+Porcelain buttons were invented by Mr. R. Prosser, of Birmingham, who,
+in conjunction with the celebrated firm of Minter and Co., made them in
+large quantities in the potteries, about the year 1840. They were,
+however, soon driven from the market by French manufacturers, who sold a
+great gross--that is, twelve gross, each of twelve dozen--for the
+ridiculously small sum of elevenpence.
+
+Glass buttons are made by heating canes of glass and pinching them from
+the end with pliers, which at the same time answer the purpose of a die.
+They are sold very cheaply, as low as twopence a gross, but it is
+scarcely possible for any English firm to compete with Bohemia in their
+production.
+
+Mother-o'-pearl buttons are made out of pearl shells which have been
+imported from the coasts of Macassar, Manilla, Bombay, the archipelago
+of the Pacific, the Bay of Panama, and a few other places. Their market
+value is not always the same. At the present time it ranges from £8 to
+£10 per hundredweight. The blanks are cut out of the shells by a steel
+tubular cutter, similar to that used in cutting the vegetable ivory. As
+the cutter works its way through a shell, small cylinders of pearl are
+disconnected, which are reduced in thickness by splitting into discs, a
+little thicker than the button is required to be when finished. These
+blanks are finished singly in a turning lathe, by being placed in a
+suitable chuck, and having a steel tool applied to its face for
+producing the rim and depression in the centre. They are then passed on
+to another lathe, where the holes are drilled, and afterwards to
+another, where they are polished by friction and a mixture of
+rotten-stone and soft soap.
+
+The best white buttons are those which are made from Macassar shells,
+and the best black from shells of the archipelago of the Pacific. The
+latter are the dearest, in consequence of the black shells not being so
+plentiful as those of lighter shades. Some few years since the
+consumption of mother-o'-pearl shells in Birmingham amounted to nearly
+one thousand tons annually; the failure of the fisheries in Central
+America has, however, reduced it to a little more than a third, or about
+three hundred tons a year.
+
+Thimbles are made by stamping, and afterwards turning in a lathe, the
+indentations being produced by a suitable instrument. On the Continent
+the operatives make them with punches in as many as five different
+mandrils. Scissors, bodkins, etc., have nothing connected with their
+manufacture which calls for any special notice. Although, as in previous
+papers, I have conducted my readers in paths not usual to girls and
+young women, I hope that my description of button-making will interest a
+considerable number, and teach them to think more of buttons and how
+they are made and by whom made than they have ever done before.
+
+    W. W. B.
+
+
+
+
+BITS ABOUT ANIMALS.
+
+A SAGACIOUS COLT.
+
+
+A gentleman whose pretty garden adjoined a park in which a number of
+young colts were grazing, was much annoyed by the inroads of these
+animals. He took every precaution to prevent their entrance, but to no
+purpose. Fences were examined and found intact, the gate was kept shut,
+and yet one or more of the colts would soon be found devastating
+flower-beds, or browsing in the kitchen garden. The provoking part of it
+was that no one could discover how the creatures obtained an entrance.
+
+At length men were hidden in the trees to watch, and the problem was
+speedily solved. A colt trotted up to the gate and inserted its head
+between the bars, with the evident intention of raising the latch. He
+made several vain attempts, but had not mastered the trick. The latch
+remained in its place, and the colt outside.
+
+For a few moments the animal stood cogitating, then trotted rapidly back
+to the spot where he had left his companions. He singled out one of the
+most frequent visitors to the garden, and, by some language peculiar to
+colts, made known his difficulty. The other at once returned with his
+companion to the gate, inserted his head below one of the bars, and by a
+dexterous movement displaced the latch, and the gate swung open. Then,
+throwing back his head as if to say, "See how easy it is when one knows
+how," he went back whilst the other entered the garden.
+
+It was noticed by the watchers that this last had not previously been
+seen within the forbidden precincts, but the one that opened the gate
+for him had been particularly troublesome. The fact that he was
+specially selected for the office of porter showed no little sagacity in
+the would-be visitor to the garden. But, much as the cleverness of the
+animals might be admired, care was taken to render its exercise useless
+for the future.
+
+    RUTH LAMB.
+
+
+
+
+VARIETIES
+
+
+A FRENCH CONVERSATION.
+
+Voltaire once said, "It is not clear, therefore it cannot be French."
+This is only partially true, for the French language furnishes abundant
+material for puns and misunderstandings, intentional or otherwise. The
+following amusing instance may serve as an illustration:--
+
+Two sportsmen met together on their way home.
+
+"Where do you come from?" the first asked the second, who was trembling
+with fright.
+
+"I come--I come--from the forest of Bondy."
+
+"And why are you so excited?"
+
+"I have been attacked by robbers."
+
+"How many were there?"
+
+"_Sept._"
+
+"What did you say?"
+
+"_Je dis sept._"
+
+"_Dix-sept?_"
+
+"No; _sans dix_."
+
+"_Cent dix?_"
+
+"Oh, dear! no. _Sans dix, sept._"
+
+"Good gracious! _Cent dix-sept?_"
+
+"Nonsense. _Sept sans dix-sept._"
+
+"_Sept cent dix-sept._"
+
+"You don't understand me. _Je te dis sept sans dix!_"
+
+"_Dix-sept cent dix._"
+
+"You will drive me mad! _Je te dis sept sans dix-sept!_"
+
+"_Dix-sept cent dix-sept!_ I can understand your being frightened with
+such a number."
+
+
+TO PRESERVE CUT FLOWERS.--An important rule in preserving cut flowers is
+never to cram the vase with flowers. Many will last if only they have a
+large mass of water in the vase and not too many stalks to feed on the
+water and pollute it. Vases that can hold a large quantity of water are
+to be preferred to the spindle-shaped trumpets that are often used. Flat
+dishes covered with wet sand are also useful for short-stalked or
+heavy-headed flowers; even partially-withered blooms will revive when
+placed on this cool moist substance. Moss, though prettier than sand, is
+to be avoided, as it soon smells disagreeably, and always interferes
+with the scent of the flowers placed in it for preservation.
+
+
+THE WAY OF THE WORLD.--The world deals good-naturedly with good-natured
+people, and I never knew a sulky misanthropist who quarrelled with it
+but it was he and not it that was in the wrong.--_Thackeray._
+
+
+MOTHERS' THOUGHTS.
+
+    To a goose one day a gosling came.
+      As she surveyed it duly,
+    She said, "No swan in all the world
+      Is half so pretty, truly."
+
+    In words like these all mothers' thoughts
+      This wise old goose expressed;
+    For of all babies in the world,
+      Each thinks her own the best.
+
+
+UNGRATEFUL GRATITUDE.--There are minds so impatient of inferiority that
+their gratitude is a species of revenge, and they return benefits not
+because recompense is a pleasure, but because obligation is a
+pain.--_Dr. Johnson._
+
+
+DOUBLE ACROSTIC.
+
+    Dissatisfied with their appointed lot,
+    These both aspir'd to seem what they were not;
+    Foil'd in their schemes, they recognis'd, too late,
+    The folly of attempts to shake the state.
+    The first became, t' avoid a harsher doom,
+    A menial, baser than the lowest groom;
+    The second paid a far more heavy tax;
+    Tried and condemn'd, he perished by the axe.
+
+    1.  So fair and flatt'ring, and so bright of hue,
+        Will it betray us? or will it be true?
+
+    2.  Friend of two great philosophers, this youth
+        Boasted himself yet more, the friend of truth.
+        Throughout a long career he strove to scan
+        The wondrous working of great Nature's plan,
+        And taught his pupils, strolling at their ease,
+        'Neath pleasant shelter of umbrageous trees.
+
+    3.  The glorious witness to the living faith,
+        In tortures passing unto life through death.
+
+    4.  How many bow'd their heads to meet this thing!
+        Priest, warrior, noble, princess, e'en a king.
+
+    5.  The good old man, whose tender, loving heart,
+        Unfitted him to act the sterner part
+        Of curbing his rebellious children's will;
+        His mild reproof they disregarded, till
+        There fell the doom that had been prophesied,
+        And in one day the sons and father died.
+
+    6.  Oft melted and then pour'd into a mould,
+        Translucent and inodorous when cold,
+        Useful, abundant, and of little cost,
+        Mis-spelt, miscall'd by those who use me most.
+
+    7.  A butcher's son, who rose to eminence
+        In legal circles by his clear good sense;
+        For public service he was made a peer,
+        And held the woolsack twice for many a year.
+
+    8.  The Roman youth, to prove his hardihood,
+        Thrust his right hand into the fire that stood
+        Before the king; shrivel'd his hand remained,
+        And he this surname by that act obtain'd.
+
+    9.  A bird of Africa, that shows the way
+        To where wild bees their stores of honey lay;
+        Then perch'd aloft, content t' await his share
+        Of honey which the hunters leave him there.
+
+    10. The elder daughter, offer'd as a bride
+        To him who foes successfully defied.
+        With conquest flush'd, the low-born victor came,
+        The fair princess's promis'd hand to claim,
+        But only came to disappointment; since
+        She had already wed a pow'rful prince.
+
+    11. A jutting cape, which, when the Northmen spied,
+        A fanciful resemblance they descried
+        To human features; so they gave a name
+        To mark that cape, and still it bears the same.
+
+    12. How do you call that line, which, year by year,
+        Traces the sun's course round the pictur'd sphere?
+
+    13. In Scandinavian fables I am nam'd
+        "Destroyer," and as evil genius fam'd;
+        Interpolate one letter, and 'tis strange
+        That I become preserver by the change.
+
+    XIMENA.
+
+
+
+
+ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS.
+
+
+EDUCATIONAL.
+
+EDISCENDA.--The highest mountain known has been found in New Guinea, and
+is called Mount Hercules. It is said to be 32,786 feet high, or 3,786
+feet higher than Mount Everest, of the Himalayan Range.
+
+VIOLET.--The best examination to pass would be either the Oxford or
+Cambridge; but if you do not wish to do so much, that of the College of
+Preceptors would perhaps be sufficient for your purpose.
+
+A LONELY GIRL.--We think there is too much science and too little
+history and literature in your list of books, and we should recommend a
+course of poetry also, as well as some works on art.
+
+A, B, C, D, ETC.--In the chronicles of Robert of Gloucester the age of
+Brutus is purely legendary. The whole chronicle is partly taken from the
+fabulous history of Geoffrey of Monmouth.
+
+DORA (Bradford).--"How to Form a Small Library" was at page 7 and 122,
+vol. ii. Clean your hair-brushes with flour or bran, rubbing them well
+together with it as if you were washing them dry. You should write
+copies daily to improve your handwriting.
+
+A. and M.--We are inclined to believe that governesses are not in demand
+anywhere in the colonies unless they be willing to turn their hands to
+help in the household, just as a daughter of the house might do. If you
+and your sister be willing to do this, and are both capable and
+industrious, you might do well in Queensland. Write to the secretary of
+the Woman's Emigration Society, New Buildings, Carteret-street, Queen
+Anne's-gate, London, S.W.
+
+E. C. G.--We believe you can obtain grammars and dictionaries in most of
+the Eastern tongues at Messrs. Trübner's, Ludgate-hill, E.C. We cannot
+say what progress you would make without a master, as we do not know
+your capabilities.
+
+MACAW.--We have great pleasure in giving the address of the
+correspondence class from which you have derived so much advantage, and
+which you sought through our advice. Miss MacArthur, 4,
+Buckingham-street, Hillhead, Glasgow. So well managed, as it appears to
+be from your account, we hope our notice may prove of much use to our
+readers.
+
+MISS MACKAY.--We thank you for the particulars which you send us of your
+essay club, called The Rookery, and willingly give your invitation to
+our readers to join it. There is no charge made for these answers to
+correspondents. We are glad to give help and promote all useful efforts,
+and believe we shall do so by giving your address as Hon. Secretary,
+Governor's House, H.M. Prison, Lincoln.
+
+LEONA WOODFIELD.--Candidates for hospital training are generally
+required to be from twenty-five to forty years of age. They may enter
+the Children's Hospital, Great Ormond-street, at twenty-one.
+
+UNION JACK.--The English language is a compound of three different
+dialects spoken for two or three centuries after the Norman Conquest.
+That of the East Midland was the speech of the metropolis, in which
+Chaucer, Gower, and Wyckliffe wrote, and was spoken in East Kent and
+Surrey. There were also the Northern and Southern dialects, which,
+blending with the East Midland, formed the basis of modern English. But
+these three dialects are likewise compounds of the Saxon, Celtic,
+Danish, and Norman tongues. To get rid of the smell of paint, sprinkle
+some hay with chloride of lime and leave it in the rooms; also a basin
+of water, to be changed night and morning. You will perceive traces on
+the surface of what it has absorbed.
+
+T. C. S.--Why do you not read our answers under this heading? You will
+find that there are several societies for training female missionaries
+and catechists.
+
+MARY COMMANDER.--Astronomers measure the distances between the earth and
+the stars by means of mathematical calculations. You should procure some
+work on astronomy. There is a nice little book published in our office
+called "The Heavens and the Earth," and another, rather larger, called
+"The Midnight Sky;" both are illustrated.
+
+MARY WILLIAMS.--If you refer to any volume of the G. O. P. and read our
+answers under the above heading, you will see all we can tell you about
+telegraph clerks. We must decline to full up space by continually
+repeating old answers.
+
+WHITE TULIP must do as we have directed "Mary Williams," and find all
+the addresses of societies where young women are trained for zenana and
+other missionary work. It is very wrong not to go to church on Sunday
+mornings merely because of "feeling shy." That is rubbish. Attend to
+your book and your prayers, and not to your neighbours. Nobody will
+notice you.
+
+I. D. L. E.--Write to the secretary, Deaconesses' Training Institution,
+41, Ferntower-road, Mildmay Park, London, N., and at The Willows, Stoke
+Newington, N. Otherwise, if you desire experience in parish work, you
+might be received at St. Luke's Invalid Home, Finsbury House, Ramsgate.
+You had better write to both these institutions, giving your age, and
+stating whether your application be made with the full consent of your
+parents. There are also the London Diocesan Deaconesses' Institution,
+12, Tavistock Crescent, Westbourne Park, W. (head sister, Deaconess
+Cassin), and the East London Deaconesses' Home, 2, Sutton-place,
+Hackney, E. (deaconess, L. Collier). If you would prefer a situation by
+the sea, apply to Sister Emma, Winchester Diocesan Deaconesses' Home,
+Southsea, Hants.
+
+JOSEPHINE.--There is a Governesses' Institute in Paris, at 48, Rue de
+Chaillot. Apply to the secretary or lady principal. If you wish to
+belong to a teacher's guild, that of Great Britain and Ireland has its
+office at 17, Buckingham-street, Strand, W.C. You must address the hon.
+secretary. You write a very good hand.
+
+BERTHA GREEN and DAISY.--The cheapest and best way for you to improve
+your education at home will be to join one or more of the amateur
+societies instituted to assist girls who cannot go to school nor have
+professional masters. A small directory of girls' educational and other
+societies and clubs is to appear immediately, edited by one of our own
+staff of writers, especially for the use of our girls, so many of whom
+write for the addresses of such and particulars about them. (Messrs.
+Griffith and Farran, St. Paul's Churchyard, E.C.)
+
+A POOR YOUNG GIRL.--So well educated as you are, you would be likely to
+get on well in a colony. Write to the Colonial Emigration Society, 13,
+Dorset-street, Portman-square, London, W. They have a home for women and
+a loan fund. Anyone willing to act as mother's help, and put her hand to
+anything her employer does, and is, moreover, capable of teaching the
+young people of the family, would be sure to get on well in a colony.
+
+NELLY HOLMES should advertise in the _Times_, or some good daily paper,
+for the situation she requires. We cannot tell what salary a young girl
+in her teens would get.
+
+
+ART.
+
+C. O.--Our opinion of the drawing is not favourable. The outlines of the
+figure are not true to nature in its undistorted form; they are those
+conceived by an uninstructed dress or stay maker. As you are only
+thirteen years of age, you are not yet acquainted with pure classical
+forms of beauty, and have time to cultivate your taste. Take lessons at
+a branch figure-drawing school founded by the South Kensington School of
+Art. The kind of drawing to which you aspire is much improved of late
+years, and shopkeepers begin to require that fashion-plates should
+somewhat resemble the true "human form divine."
+
+INDUSTRY and KATIE.--To preserve seaweed, gather specimens that are
+growing to rocks in preference to those floating on the water, and lay
+them in a shallow pan filled with clean salt water. Insert a piece of
+writing-paper under the seaweed and lift it out of the bath; spread out
+the plant with a camel's-hair pencil in a natural form, and slant the
+paper to allow the water to run off; then press between two pieces of
+board, lay on one of them two sheets of blotting-paper, then the
+seaweed, and over the latter a piece of fine cambric, over that the
+blotting-paper, and lastly the second piece of board; replace the
+cambric and blotting-paper daily, and when the seaweed is quite dry
+brush over the coarser kinds with spirits of turpentine, in which three
+small lumps of gum-mastic have been dissolved by shaking in a warm
+place. Two-thirds of a small phial is the proper proportion. This
+mixture helps to retain the colour of the specimens.
+
+ELLA and HELIOTROPE.--Painting carefully with muriatic acid will remove
+the rough coating outside shells and show the mother o' pearl beneath
+it. They should be frequently dipped in water to remove the burning
+acid, or it will make holes in the shell. To polish them, dip a rag in
+hydrochloric acid and rub till clean; then dry in hot sawdust and polish
+with chamois leather. To paint shells with oil-colours, mix the latter
+with Siccatif de Courtrai, or with mirrorine, and put on the paints very
+dry. To paint them with water colours, lay a wash of white of egg over
+them; mix the paints with Chinese white and white of egg. The best
+effects are produced with oil colours.
+
+DAISY.--We make no distinction between persons who write to us, whether
+in service or out of it. We have an enormous correspondence, and very
+little space is devoted to it. Thus, many correspondents have to wait
+long for their answers. A good cashmere would suit very well for a
+wedding dress. Get one that will be of service to you afterwards. If you
+live in London it should not be very light. Your bonnet could be trimmed
+with white ribbon.
+
+CHRISTIE.--Try laying on a wash of white of egg before painting in
+water-colours upon black cardboard. This will remove the greasiness of
+the surface. Then lay on a wash of Chinese white, and paint in the
+ordinary manner.
+
+
+MISCELLANEOUS.
+
+FINANCIER.--We consider that to wash with hot water is not bad for you,
+but should be supplemented by a good rubbing (performed very quickly)
+with a wet towel all over the body. This will cause a healthy reaction.
+But the morning is really the best time. "Sesame and Lilies" and "Stones
+of Venice" are good books to read (of Ruskin's). There is a "Dictionary
+of English Literature," published by Cassell and Co., which might be
+useful to you.
+
+MEMORY.--We hear that many people have derived much benefit from the
+memory systems, and "Stokes on Memory" is a well-known book.
+
+L. NUSSE.--We fear that all such things are only forms of throwing good
+money after bad. If you really have reason to think that you are
+entitled to money, go to a respectable lawyer for help.
+
+B. K. E.--No one can limit the power of prayer and faith, and yours may
+be answered as your heart desires. But do not "do evil that good may
+come."
+
+OL SIE.--Your verses show much poetic feeling, and an affectionate
+nature, but you would need to study the subject of composition before
+your lines were worth anything to anyone.
+
+MONTHLY READER and MAY.--The sooner you get your teeth stopped the
+better. But make a good choice of a dentist.
+
+A. M. C.--The salaries in drapers' shops vary much, not only in
+different establishments, but amongst the assistants in each, according
+to their special departments. Girls with tall, handsome figures,
+employed for showing off mantles, get more than little girls behind the
+counter, and dress and mantle, or bonnet and cap makers are
+comparatively well paid. You must make special personal application.
+
+AN ARUM LILY.--Use a rosemary wash for aiding the growth of the hair.
+See our articles on the care of the hair, page 631, vol. vi.
+
+ROSINA.--The young men who so far forgot themselves and presumed to
+speak to you and your friend without a proper introduction, are not
+suitable acquaintances for respectable girls. But you should not have
+been rude; you should simply have walked away to your chaperon, or some
+married person of your acquaintance.
+
+LACK PENNY might, perhaps, teach a few little girls at home. Has she any
+friends who would be glad to send them to her, instead of to a school,
+for a couple of hours in the morning, when busy themselves? There is
+nothing to be ashamed of in earning money, if you have it not, for your
+requirements.
+
+FLOO.--You slope your letters the wrong way, and we could scarcely read
+your writing. If you want to improve it, slope it the right way, and
+cross every "t." We do not know how the mother o' pearl became stained.
+Probably it was washed in hot water, and so cracked all over. You might
+try a quick brush over with diluted muriatic acid, and an immediate dip
+into cold water, then rubbing well with some sweet oil on a soft piece
+of flannel. Beware of touching your eyes after using muriatic acid, as
+it burns, and should be put carefully away, that ignorant people or
+children may not touch it.
+
+E. M. P.--Perhaps your dogs are mangy. In any case you should show them
+to a veterinary surgeon. Consult our indexes.
+
+ANXIOUS ONE.--Your duty is very plain. Go to your clergyman, and tell
+him of the discovery you have made, and ask him to baptise you at once.
+If your name were sent in for confirmation after your course of
+preparation, you are, of course, ready for your baptism.
+
+TIM TIPPIN should study the art of metrical composition. What she has
+written is very irregular and incorrect. But even were it perfectly
+according to rule, there is no new thought in it, no beautiful simile,
+nothing original. She is very young, and therefore could by no means be
+expected to produce what a powerful or imaginative intellect alone could
+produce, when arrived at its full development at some ten or twelve
+years later in life. So she must learn a good deal more before she can
+"become famous."
+
+EDITH.--We are unable to find employment and name employers for our
+correspondents, much as we sympathise with them in their desire to be
+self-supporting.
+
+URSULA.--We do not answer seven questions. Bride and bridegroom sit side
+by side at the top of the table, the two fathers take in the two
+mothers, and first bridesmaid and best man pair together.
+
+I. NIBS.--You would be much wiser to try and get your story as a serial
+into one of the papers in your own colony. We could not promise to take
+unknown MS., and unless you copied it you might lose it in passing
+through the post.
+
+A MARCH ELF should wear her hair in a plait at the back, tied up with a
+bow of ribbon, and curled a little in front. She is too young to need
+steels in her dresses.
+
+E. C.--The frontispiece appears to tell its own story of poverty and
+weakness--a poor dressmaker, unable to finish a dress by a given time.
+Water may be softened by using borax, ammonia, or oatmeal, when needed
+for the skin. Boiling water and soda will generally take out stains from
+table linen.
+
+JESSIE.--We know nothing more about the water scheme than the newspaper
+report, which "Jessie" has herself seen.
+
+SAFFRON CROCUS.--Read our article on "Lissom Hands and Pretty Feet,"
+vol. i., page 348.
+
+ETHEL.--Pincushions and fans, embroidered and ornamented in various
+ways, seem the most general contributions at bazaars at present. Painted
+match-boxes, writing-cases, and painted jars for tobacco, are all useful
+and sell well.
+
+GRETCHEN.--There is a small volume on "Indian Outfits" published by Mr.
+Gill, 170, Strand, which is very valuable.
+
+EDINBURGH.--We could not give you the addresses of persons who would buy
+your work, and a little consideration would have prevented your asking
+such a question. Your own personal exertions must be used to find
+outlets for your work. You cannot expect to sit still and be helped.
+
+AYACANORA II. does not say whether the mauve silk be light or dark.
+Mauve is now a very fashionable colour, and would mix well with dark
+velvet or velveteen of the same colour for the autumn. It would also
+look well with cashmere or canvas of the same colour, but of a darker
+shade. Dark red velvet could also be mixed with it. If the bodice be
+good, make a Swiss belt, with cuffs and collar of velvet, and long front
+and back drapery of the same.
+
+FURRIER'S DAUGHTER.--More furs are made up in England than anywhere
+else, and, as a fur sewer, you will do better here, we should think. But
+as you want to emigrate, you should consult the Colonial Emigration
+Society, 13, Dorset-street, Portman-square, W.; office hours, 10 to 4.
+The secretary will give advice and information.
+
+MABEL has our best thanks for her kind and courteous note.
+
+VERONIQUE.--"That Aggravating Schoolgirl" began in vol. ii., at page 9.
+
+MARIE.--Do not wash your head every morning. The bath water should be
+tepid. A sponge bath can be taken with very little water and little
+trouble.
+
+ETHILD MYA BAL.--There is no sequel to the "Wide, Wide World," that we
+know of. We are very sorry to hear of your suffering, and hope you may
+soon be better.
+
+A GIPSY GIRL.--The lines you send are not poetry, nor are they very
+original in thought; but if it be a comfort for you to write them, they
+have served a good purpose.
+
+CUCUMBER.--We know of no cure but the constant use of a pair of
+tweezers.
+
+AN OLD ANGLO-GERMAN GIRL.--We were much interested in your letter. We
+can sympathise with all our girls, at every age, and in every climate.
+The series will be concluded soon.
+
+FAIRY DELL (Cyprus).--You would have to apply to a surgeon. Gargle the
+throat night and morning with salt and water, or vinegar and water, to
+strengthen it. Perhaps you need a tonic.
+
+SNOWBELL.--The book is not of any great value; but if you be not
+satisfied, you might consult some first-class bookseller, such as Mr.
+Quaritch, Piccadilly.
+
+AMY.--There is a Home for Governesses in the Avenue du Bois de Boulogne,
+Paris, of which Miss Pryde is the superintendent. Address her at 22, Rue
+des Acacias, Avenue de la Grande Armée.
+
+DOLORES.--There are no stated times for giving competitions in our
+paper--which you call "compesition classes." They involve great
+additional trouble and the monopoly of time to an extent of which our
+young readers have little idea. Imagine the labour of reading through
+about 4,000 contributions, comparing all together, and judging between
+them! Of course, such an undertaking can only be volunteered once in a
+way, or the daily work of the magazine could not be carried on. Your
+handwriting is not yet formed, but promises well.
+
+OURANG-OUTANG and GORILLA.--Have nothing to do with the appliance called
+"Planchette." It is employed in divination, or what is akin to it. We do
+not undertake to supply "characters from handwriting." There are many
+people who advertise to do so for thirteenpence.
+
+[Illustration: GUERNSEY FLOWERS.]
+
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Girl's Own Paper, Vol. VIII, No.
+354, October 9, 1886, by Various
+
+*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE GIRL'S OWN PAPER, VOL. ***
+
+***** This file should be named 18293-8.txt or 18293-8.zip *****
+This and all associated files of various formats will be found in:
+        http://www.gutenberg.org/1/8/2/9/18293/
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