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+Project Gutenberg's The American Prejudice Against Color, by William G. Allen
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: The American Prejudice Against Color
+       An Authentic Narrative, Showing How Easily The Nation Got
+       Into An Uproar.
+
+Author: William G. Allen
+
+Release Date: February 27, 2006 [EBook #17875]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE AMERICAN PREJUDICE ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Suzanne Shell, Janet B. and the Online
+Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+THE AMERICAN
+
+Prejudice Against Color.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+AN AUTHENTIC NARRATIVE,
+
+SHOWING HOW EASILY THE NATION GOT
+
+INTO AN UPROAR.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+BY WILLIAM G. ALLEN,
+
+A REFUGEE FROM AMERICAN DESPOTISM.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+LONDON:
+W. AND F. G. CASH, 5, BISHOPSGATE-STREET-WITHOUT.
+EDINBURGH: JOHN MENZIES.
+DUBLIN: JAMES MC. GLASHAN AND J. B. GILPIN
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+1853
+
+
+
+
+PREFACE.
+
+
+Extract of a letter from Hon. Gerrit Smith, of New York, Member of
+Congress, to Joseph Sturge, Esq., of Birmingham, England. (By permission
+of Mr. Sturge.)
+
+                  _"Peterboro', New York, March 23rd_, 1853.
+
+"I take great pleasure in introducing to you my much esteemed friend,
+Professor Wm. G. Allen. I know him well, and know him to be a man of
+great mental and moral worth. I trust, in his visit to England, he will
+be both useful and happy.
+
+                       "Very truly, your friend and brother,
+                                             "GERRIT SMITH."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+"Commending Professor Allen to the friends of the colored American
+citizens who are denied their rights in their own country, and wishing
+him every success in the object before him,
+
+                                        "I am, respectfully,
+  "_Birmingham, 6mo., 28d._, 1853.          "JOSEPH STURGE."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+                              "_Clapham, August 25th_, 1853.
+
+  "My dear Sir:--
+
+"Your determination to spend some time in Great Britain, and to employ
+yourself, as opportunities occur, in giving lectures and delivering
+addresses upon American topics, including the social position of the
+free colored population--for which your education and personal
+experience eminently fit you--has given me sincere pleasure. I trust you
+will meet with ample encouragement from the friends of Abolition
+throughout the United Kingdom, to whose sympathy and kindness I would
+earnestly recommend you, and still more your heroic and most estimable
+lady.
+
+                              "Believe me, most truly yours,
+  "Professor W. G. Allen                  "GEORGE THOMPSON."
+
+
+
+
+CONTENTS.
+
+
+            CHAPTER I.--Introduction                    41
+
+                   II.--Personalities                   42
+
+                   III.--Nobility and Servility         48
+
+                   IV.--The Mob                         54
+
+                   V.--Dark Days                        63
+
+                   VI.--Brightening up,--Grand Result   79
+
+                   VII.--Conclusion                     91
+
+                   A Short Personal Narrative
+                   by William G Allen                   95
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER I.
+
+INTRODUCTION
+
+
+Many persons having suggested that it would greatly subserve the
+Anti-slavery Cause in this country, to present to the public a concise
+narrative of my recent narrow escape from death, at the hands of an
+armed mob in America, a mob armed with tar, feathers, poles, and an
+empty barrel spiked with shingle nails, together with the reasons which
+induced that mob, I propose to give it. I cannot promise however, to
+write such a book as ought to be written to illustrate fully the
+bitterness, malignity, and cruelty, of American prejudice against color,
+and to show its terrible power in grinding into the dust of social and
+political bondage, the hundreds of thousands of so-called free men and
+women of color of the North. This bondage is, in many of its aspects,
+far more dreadful than that of the _bona fide_ Southern Slavery, since
+its victims--many of them having emerged out of, and some of them never
+having been into, the darkness of personal slavery--have acquired a
+development of mind, heart, and character, not at all inferior to the
+foremost of their oppressors.
+
+The book that ought to be written, _I_ ought not to attempt; but if no
+one precedes me, I shall consider myself bound by necessity, and making
+the attempt, lay on, with all the strength I can possibly summon, to
+American Caste and skin-deep Democracy.
+
+The mob occurred on Sabbath (!) evening, January the 30th, 1853, in the
+village of Phillipsville, near Fulton, Oswego County, New York. The
+cause,--the intention, on my part, of marrying a white young lady of
+Fulton,--at least so the public surmised.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER II.
+
+PERSONALITIES.
+
+
+I am a quadroon, that is, I am of one-fourth African blood, and
+three-fourths Anglo-Saxon. I graduated at Oneida Institute, in
+Whitesboro', New York, in 1844; subsequently studied Law with Ellis Gray
+Loring, Esq., of Boston, Massachusetts; and was thence called to the
+Professorship of the Greek and German languages, and of Rhetoric and
+Belles-Lettres of New York Central College, situated in Mc. Grawville,
+Cortland County,--the only College in America that has ever called a
+colored man to a Professorship, and one of the very few that receive
+colored and white students on terms of perfect equality, if, indeed,
+they receive colored students at all.
+
+In April, 1851, I was invited to Fulton, to deliver a course of
+Lectures. I gladly accepted the invitation, and none the less that
+Fulton had always maintained a high reputation for its love of impartial
+freedom, and that its citizens were highly respected for their professed
+devotion to the teachings of Christianity.
+
+I am glad to say, that on this occasion I was well received, and at the
+close of my first lecture was invited to spend the evening at the house
+of the Rev. Lyndon King. This gentleman having long been known as a
+devoted abolitionist,--a fervid preacher of the doctrine, that character
+is above color,--and as one of the ablest advocates of the social,
+political, and religious rights of the colored man, I, of course, had a
+pleasant visit with the family; and, remaining with them several days,
+conceived a deep interest in one of the Elder's daughters,--Miss Mary E.
+King, who was then preparing to enter the College in Mc. Grawville. I
+accompanied Miss King to Mc. Grawville, where she remained in college, a
+year and a half.
+
+Boarding in tenements quite opposite each other, we frequently met in
+other than college halls, and as freely conversed,--Miss K. being of
+full age, and legally, as well as intellectually and morally, competent
+to discuss the subjects in which, it is generally supposed, young men
+and women feel an absorbing interest.
+
+It is of no consequence what we said; and if it were, the reader,
+judging in the light of the results, will perhaps as correctly imagine
+that, as I can possibly describe it. I pass on at once, therefore,
+simply stating that at the close of the year and a half, my interest in
+the young lady had become fully reciprocated, and we occupied a relation
+to each other much more significant than that of teacher and pupil.
+
+Miss King returned to her father's house in October, 1852. I visited the
+family in December following. Then and there we discussed the subject of
+marriage more fully between ourselves; and deeming it a duty obligatory
+upon us, by an intelligent regard for our future happiness, to survey,
+before consummating an engagement even, the whole field of difficulties,
+embarrassments, trials, insults and persecutions, which we should have
+to enter on account of our diversity of complexion, and to satisfy
+ourselves fully as to our ability to endure what we might expect to
+encounter; we concluded to separate unengaged, and, in due season, each
+to write to the other what might be the results of more mature
+deliberation. This may seem unromantic to the reader; nevertheless, it
+was prudent on our part.
+
+After remaining in Fulton a week, I left for Boston. Several letters
+then passed between us, and in January last, our engagement was fixed. I
+will not speak of myself, but on the part of Miss King, this was
+certainly a bold step. It displayed a moral heroism which no one can
+comprehend who has not been in America, and who does not understand the
+diabolical workings of prejudice against color. Whatever a man may be in
+his own person,--though he should have the eloquence, talents, and
+character of Paul and Apollos, and the Angel Gabriel combined,--though
+he should be as wealthy as Croesus,--and though, in personal
+appearance, he should be as fair as the fairest Anglo-Saxon, yet, if he
+have but one drop of the blood of the African flowing in his veins, no
+white young lady can ally herself to him in matrimony, without bringing
+upon her the anathemas of the community, with scarcely an exception,
+and rendering herself an almost total outcast, not only from the society
+in which she formerly moved, but from society in general.
+
+Such is American Caste,--the most cruel under the sun. And such it is,
+notwithstanding the claims set up by the American people, that they are
+Heaven's Vicegerents, to teach to men, and to nations as well, the
+legitimate ideas of Christian Democracy.
+
+To digress a moment. This Caste-spirit of America sometimes illustrates
+itself in rather ridiculous ways.
+
+A beautiful young lady--a friend of mine--attended, about two years
+since, one of the most aristocratic Schools of one of the most
+aristocratic Villages of New York. She was warmly welcomed in the
+highest circles, and so amiable in temper was she, as well as agreeable
+in mind and person, that she soon became not only a favorite, but _the_
+favorite of the circle in which she moved. The _young gentlemen_ of the
+village were especially interested in her, and what matrimonial offer
+might eventually have been made her, it is not for me to say. At the
+close of the second term, however, she left the school and the village;
+and then, for the first time, the fact became known (previously known
+only to her own room-mate) that she was slightly of African blood.
+Reader,--the consternation and horror which succeeded this "new
+development," are, without exaggeration, perfectly indescribable. The
+people drew long breaths, as though they had escaped from the fangs of a
+boa constrictor; the old ladies charged their daughters, that should
+Miss ---- be seen in that village again, by no means to permit
+themselves to be seen in the street with her; and many other charges
+were delivered by said mothers, equally absurd, and equally foolish. And
+yet this same young lady, according to their own previous showing, was
+not only one of the most beautiful in person and manners who had ever
+graced their circle, but was also of fine education; and in complexion
+as white as the whitest in the village. Truly, this, our human nature,
+is extremely strange and vastly inconsistent!
+
+Confessedly, as a class, the quadroon women of New Orleans are the most
+beautiful in America. Their personal attractions are not only
+irresistible, but they have, in general, the best blood of America in
+their veins. They are mostly white in complexion, and are, many of them,
+highly educated and accomplished; and yet, by the law of Louisiana, no
+man may marry a quadroon woman, unless he can prove that he, too, has
+African blood in his veins. A law involving a greater outrage on
+propriety, a more blasphemous trifling with the heart's affections, and
+evincing a more contemptible tyranny, those who will look at the matter
+from the beginning to the end, will agree with me, could not possibly
+have been enacted.
+
+Colonel Fuller, of the "_New York Mirror_," writing from New Orleans,
+gives some melancholy descriptions--and some amusing ones too--of the
+operations of this most barbarous law.
+
+One I especially remember. A planter, it seems, had fallen deeply in
+love with a charming quadroon girl. He desired to marry her; but the law
+forbade. What was he to do? To tarnish her honour was out of the
+question; he had too much himself to seek to tarnish hers. Here was a
+dilemma. But he was not to be foiled. What true heart will be, if there
+be any virtue in expedients?
+
+    "----In love,
+  His thoughts came down like a rushing stream."
+
+At last he got it. A capital thought, which could have crept out of no
+one's brain, save that of a most desperate lover. He hit upon the
+expedient of extracting a little African blood from the veins of one of
+his slaves, and injecting it into his own. The deed done, the letter of
+the law was answered. He made proposals, was accepted, and they were
+married,--he being willing to risk his caste in obedience to a love
+higher and holier than any conventionalism which men have ever contrived
+to establish.
+
+O, Cupid, thou art a singular God! and a most amazing philosopher! Thou
+goest shooting about with thy electrically charged arrows, bringing to
+one common level human hearts, however diverse in clime, caste, or
+color.
+
+Let not the reader suppose, however, that the white people of America
+are in the habit of exercising such honor towards the people of color,
+as is here ascribed to this planter. Far from it. The laws of the
+Southern States, on the one hand, (I allude not now to any particular
+law of Louisiana, but to the laws of the Slave States in general), have
+deliberately, and in cold blood, withheld their protection from every
+woman within their borders, in whose veins may flow but half a drop of
+African blood; while the prejudice against color of the Northern States,
+on the other hand, is so cruel and contemptuous of the rights and
+feelings of colored people, that no white man would lose his caste in
+debauching the best educated, most accomplished, virtuous and wealthy
+colored woman in the community, but would be mobbed from Maine to
+Delaware, should he with that same woman attempt honorable marriage.
+Henry Ward Beecher, (brother of Mrs. Stowe) in reference to prejudice
+against color, has truly said of the Northern people--and the truth in
+this case in startling and melancholy--that, "with them it is less
+sinful to break the whole decalogue towards the colored people, than to
+keep a single commandment in their favour."
+
+But to return to the narrative. Miss King, previously to the
+consummation of our engagement, consulted her father, who at once gave
+his consent. Her sister not only consented, but, thanks to her kind
+heart, warmly approved the match. Her brothers, of whom there were many,
+were bitterly opposed. Mrs. King--a step-mother only--was not only also
+bitterly opposed, but inveterately so. Bright fancies and
+love-bewildering conceptions were what, in her estimation, we ought not
+to be allowed to indulge.
+
+In passing, it is proper to say, that this lady, though not lacking a
+certain benevolence,--especially that sort which can pity the fugitive,
+give him food and raiment, or permit him at her table even,--is,
+nevertheless, extremely aristocratic of heart and patronizing of temper.
+This statement is made upon quite a familiar acquaintance with Mrs.
+King, and out of no asperity of feeling. I cherish none, but only pity
+for those who nurture a prejudice, which, while it convicts them of the
+most ridiculous vanity, at the same time shrivels their own hearts and
+narrows their own souls.
+
+Mrs. King was at first mild in her opposition, but finally resorted to
+such violence of speech and act, as to indicate a state of feeling
+really deplorable, and a spirit diametrically opposed to all the
+teachings of the Christian religion--a religion which she loudly
+professed, and which assures us that "God is no respecter of persons."
+
+I judge not mortal man or woman, but leave Mrs. King, and all those who
+thought it no harm because of my complexion, to abuse the most sacred
+feelings of my heart, to their conscience and their God.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER III.
+
+NOBILITY AND SERVILITY.
+
+
+The reader will doubtless and also correctly imagine that situated as
+Miss King has now been shown to be, she could not have experienced many
+very pleasant hours either of night or day,--pleasant so far as the
+sympathy of her numerous relatives and friends could serve to make them
+such. Fortunately, however she was not of that class whose happiness
+depends upon the smiles or the approbation of others earned at any
+cost--but upon a steady obedience to what in her inmost soul, she
+regarded as demanded by the laws of rectitude and justice.
+
+That a young lady could break away without a struggle from the
+counsellors, friends and companions of her youth, is not to be expected.
+Miss King had her struggles; and the letter written to me by her on the
+consummation of our engagement evinced their character, and also her
+grandeur and nobility of soul:--
+
+"I have endeavoured to solve, honorably, conscientiously and
+judiciously, the greatest problem of human life; and God and the holy
+angels have assisted me in thus solving. Friends may forsake me, and the
+world prove false, but the sweet assurance that I have your most devoted
+love, and that that love will strengthen and increase in proportion as
+the regard of others may diminish, is the only return I ask."
+
+What vows I uttered in the secret chambers of my heart as I read the
+above and similar passages of that letter, let the reader imagine who
+may be disposed to credit me with the least aptitude of appreciating
+whatsoever in human nature is grand and noble, or in the human spirit,
+which is lovely, and true, and beautiful, and of good report.
+
+Throughout the letter there was also a tone of gentle sadness--not that
+of regret for the course in contemplation,--but that which holily
+lingers around a loving heart, which, while it gives itself away, may
+not even lightly inflict the slightest pang upon other hearts to which
+it has long been bound by dearly-cherished ties.
+
+But family opposition was not the only opposition which Miss King
+expected to, or did indeed encounter. Whoever sought to marry yet, and
+did the deed unblessed or uncursed of public praise or wrath? And aside
+from extraordinary circumstances, it is so pleasant to dip one's finger
+into a pie matrimonial.
+
+The following paragraph of a letter written to me by Miss King a few
+days after I left her in December, amused me much,--it may possibly
+amuse the reader:--
+
+"Professor,--You would smile if you only knew what an excitement your
+visit here caused among the good people of Fulton. Some would have it
+that we were married, and others said if we were not already married,
+they were sure that we would be; for they knew that you would not have
+spent a whole week with us if there had been no love existing between
+you and myself. Some of the villagers came to see me the day after you
+left, and begged of me, if _I were determined to marry you, to do so at
+once, and not to keep the public in so much suspense_."
+
+Friend, have you ever heard or read of anything which came nearer to
+clapping the climax of the ridiculous than this most singular appeal
+couched in the last clause of this quotation, to the benevolence of Miss
+King? Certainly, if anything could have come nearer, it would have been
+the act of a certain lady who, having heard during this selfsame visit
+that we were to be married on the morrow, actually had her sleigh drawn
+up to the door, and would have driven off to the Elder's to "_stop the
+wedding_" had not her husband remonstrated. It is true, this lady
+opposed the marriage, not on the ground of an immorality, but of its
+inexpediency considering the existent state of American sentiment; but
+then it is curious to think of what amazing powers she must have
+imagined herself possessed.
+
+Public opposition however, soon began to assume a more decided form.
+Neighbours far and near, began to visit the house of Elder King, and to
+adopt such remonstrance and expostulation as, in their view the state of
+the case demanded. Some thought our marriage would be dreadful, a most
+inconceivably horrid outrage. Some declared it would be vulgar, and had
+rather see every child of theirs dead and buried, than take the course
+which, they were shocked to find, Miss King seemed bent to do. Some
+sillier than all the rest, avowed that should the marriage be permitted
+to take place, it would be a sin against Almighty God; and it may be,
+they thought it would call down thunder-bolts from the chamber of
+heaven's wrath, to smite us from the earth.
+
+"There is no peace," saith my God, "to the wicked."--And surely, clearer
+exemplifications of this saying of Holy Writ were never had, than in the
+brain-teasings, mind-torturings and heart-rackings of these precious
+people, out of deference to our welfare. May they be mercifully
+remembered and gloriously rewarded.
+
+It is proper to introduce to the reader at this point, our cherished
+friends,--Mr. and Mrs. Porter,--and to say at once, that words are not
+expressive enough to describe the gratitude we owe them, nor in what
+remembrance we hold them in the deepest depths of our hearts. They stood
+by us throughout that season of intended bloody persecution, turning
+neither to the right nor the left, nor counting their own interests or
+lives as aught in comparison to the friendship they bore us, or to their
+love of the principles of truth, justice and humanity. Amid the raging
+billows, they stood as a rock to which to cling.
+
+We had known these friends for months, nay, for years. They had also
+been students in Mc. Grawville, but had subsequently married, and at the
+time of my December visit to Fulton were teachers of a School in
+Phillipsville,--where, it may be proper here to say, was located the
+depôt of the Fulton trains of cars.
+
+Not only belonging to that class of persons, (rare in America, even
+among those who claim to be Abolitionists and Christians), persons who
+do not _profess_ to believe merely, but really _do_ believe in the
+doctrine of the "unity, equality, and brotherhood of the human race;"
+and who are willing to accord to others the exercise of rights which
+they claim for themselves; but, having also great purity of heart and
+purpose, Mr. and Mrs. Porter did not, as they could not, sympathise
+with those whose ideas of marriage, as evinced in their conversation
+respecting Miss King and myself, never ascended beyond the region of the
+material into that of the high, the holy and the spiritual. Of all the
+families of Fulton and Phillipsville, this was the only one which
+_publicly_ spoke approval of our course. So that, therefore it will be
+expected, that while those true hearts were friendly to us, they were
+equally with ourselves targets at which our enemies might shoot.
+
+I have introduced Mr. and Mrs. Porter at this point, because, at this
+point, their services to us commenced. But for these faithful friends,
+Miss King would not have known whither to have fled when she found as
+she did, her own home becoming any other than a desirable habitation,
+owing to the growing opposition and bitter revilings of her step-mother,
+and the impertinent intermeddlings of others.
+
+Thus far the opposition which Miss King had experienced, though
+disagreeable, had not become too much for the "utmost limit of human
+patience." Soon, however, a crisis occurred, in the arrival in Fulton,
+of the Rev. John B. King. This gentleman's visit was unexpected, and it
+is due to him to say, that he did not come on any errand connected with
+this subject; for until he arrived in Fulton, he did not know of the
+correspondence which had existed between his sister and myself. Though
+unexpected, his visit as already intimated, was fraught with results,
+which in their immediate influence, were extremely sad and woeful.
+
+Mr. King was a Reform preacher, and had even come from Washington,
+District of Columbia, where he had been residing for the last two years,
+to collect money to build a church which should exclude from membership
+those who held their fellow-men in bondage, and who would not admit the
+doctrines of the human brotherhood. Just the man to assist us, one would
+have thought. But it is easy to preach and to talk. Who cannot do that?
+It is easier still to _feel_--this is humanity's instinct--for the
+wrongs and outrages inflicted upon our kind. But to plant one's feet
+rough-shod upon the neck and heels of a corrupt and controlling public
+sentiment, to cherish living faith in God, and, above all to crush the
+demon in one's own soul,--ah! this it is which only the _great_ can do,
+who, only of men, can help the world onward up to heaven.
+
+Mr. King had scarcely entered the house, and been told the story of our
+engagement, when he manifested the most unworthy and unchristian
+opposition. Unworthy and unchristian, since he frankly averred, that had
+I the remaining fourth Anglo-Saxon blood, he would be proud of me as a
+brother. He was bitter, not as wormwood only, but as wormwood and gall
+combined. He would not tolerate me as a visitor at his house, in company
+with his sister, unless I came in the capacity of driver or servant. A
+precious brother this, and a most glorious Christian teacher.
+
+I have said that the arrival of this gentleman marked a crisis in the
+history of our troubles; and it did so in the fact that by the powerful
+influence which he exerted over his father, adverse to our marriage, and
+by the aid, strength and comfort which he gave to his step-mother; the
+Elder was at last brought to a reconsideration of his views, and to
+abandon the ground which he had hitherto maintained with so much heroism
+and valour.
+
+I shall say no hard things of Elder King; now that the storm is over, I
+prefer to leave him to his own reflections, and especially to this one,
+which may be embodied in the following question,--_What is the true
+relation which a Christian Reformer sustains to public opinion?_
+
+Had the Elder, supposing it to have been possible, assumed towards us a
+position more adverse than the one he did in this singular and
+unexpected change, the results could not, for the time being at least,
+have been sadder or more disastrous. How it affected the feelings of his
+daughter, the reader can well imagine, who will remember, that upon her
+father she had hitherto relied as upon a pillar of strength, and
+especially as her rock of refuge from the storms which beat upon her
+from without. Stricken thus, a weak spirit would have given up in
+despair; but not so with this heroic and noble-minded lady, upon whom
+misfortune seemed to have no other effect than to increase her faith in
+God.
+
+Elder King now, not as hitherto out of his deference to the feelings of
+his wife, but of his own accord, averred that I should on no
+consideration whatever, be permitted to enter his house, to hold a
+conference with his daughter, providing said conference was to be
+promotive of our marriage. Miss King was compelled, therefore, to make
+an arrangement with Mr. Porter, by which our interviews should be held
+in his house when I should arrive, as I was expected to do so in a few
+days, from Boston. Strange to say, however, and paradoxical as it may
+seem, on the day on which I was expected to arrive in Fulton, the Elder
+himself took his daughter from Fulton to Phillipsville to meet me. I
+reached Phillipsville, on Saturday afternoon, January 29th, and, of
+course, was not advised of this altered state of things, until my
+arrival there--the Elder's change having taken place within a very few
+days previous.
+
+The method which Elder King took to evince his hostility--his exclusion
+of me from his house--was extremely injudicious; and I have no doubt
+that he, himself, now sincerely regrets it. It excited to action the mob
+spirit which had all along existed in the hearts of the people, and was
+only awaiting the pretext which the Elder gave--the placing of me before
+the community, as a marauder upon the peace of his family. The mob,
+also, gave to the matter what the King family, evidently afterwards,
+greatly deplored--extraordinary notoriety. Elder King would certainly
+have displayed more worldly sagacity, to say nothing of Christian
+propriety, to have admitted me into his house as usual, where we could,
+all together, have reasoned the matter; and if prejudices could not have
+been conciliated, the Elder, at all events, by his previous acquaintance
+with my character, had every reason to suppose that I should have
+conducted myself as became a gentleman and a Christian. But so it
+is,--prejudice thus bewilders the faculties, and defeats the objects
+which it aims most to accomplish.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER IV.
+
+THE MOB.
+
+
+Hardly unlooked for by myself was this mob, especially after I had
+learned of the direction which "the subject" had taken in the family of
+Mr. King.
+
+On Sabbath afternoon, January 30th, while Mr. and Mrs. Porter, Mrs.
+Porter's sister, Miss King, and myself, were enjoying ourselves in
+social conversation, a gentleman from the village of Fulton called at
+the residence of Mr. Porter, to give an account of events as they were
+transpiring in the village. This gentleman was decidedly opposed to
+"amalgamation," expressed the utmost surprise that Mr. Porter should for
+a moment suppose that God ever designed the inter-marriage of white and
+colored persons,--but he was, nevertheless, a man of friendly
+disposition,--and as a friend he came to Mr. Porter. _We were to be
+mobbed_,--so this gentleman informed us. He advised escape on the part
+of Mr. Porter and myself, otherwise the house would be demolished! All
+Fulton, since Saturday night, he informed us, had been in arms. Crowds
+of men could be seen in the streets, at every point, discussing the
+subject of our marriage, and with feelings of the most extraordinary
+excitement; and similar discussions, he added, had been held during the
+live-long night preceding, in all the grog shops and taverns of the
+village.
+
+All sorts of oaths had been uttered, and execrations vented. Tar,
+feathers, poles, and an empty barrel spiked with shingle nails had been
+prepared for my especial benefit; and, so far as I was concerned, it
+must be escape or death. Mr. Porter was to be mobbed, he said, for
+offering me entertainment, and for being supposed friendly to our union.
+This friend did not understand the whole plan of the onslaught, but he
+gave sufficient information to justify us in surmising that no harm was
+intended to be inflicted upon Miss King, or any lady of the house.
+
+Knowing the brutal character of prejudice against color, and knowing
+also that I was supposed to be about to commit the unpardonable sin, I
+confess, that though surprised to learn that the mob intended murder,
+yet I was not surprised to learn many of the details which this friend
+so kindly gave us.
+
+Mr. Porter suggested that after supper, he and I should retire to a
+neighbour's house, he supposing that if the mob should be foiled in
+their attempt to get us into their hands, they would, after all, pass
+away, and thus the matter blow quietly over. The suggestion, however,
+was not carried into effect; for we had scarcely finished tea ere they
+(the mob) were down upon us like wild beasts out of a den.
+
+We first observed some twenty men turning a corner in the direction of
+the house; then about thirty or forty more, and soon the streets were
+filled with men--some four or five hundred. In the rear of this
+multitude there was driven a sleigh in which, we rightly conjectured,
+Miss King was to be taken home.
+
+From the statements of the leader of the mob--statements afterwards
+given to the public--it seems that a Committee, composed of members of
+the mob, and constituted by the mob, suggested before reaching the house
+that if we were still unmarried there should be no violence done, as
+they intended to carry off the lady. A portion of this Committee also
+made it their duty to gain access to the apartment where our company
+were sitting, and to inform us of the intentions of the assembled
+multitude below, while the remainder of the Committee endeavoured by
+speeches and reasoning to quiet the mob spirit, which soon after the
+assembling, began to reach its climax.
+
+This Committee was composed of some of the most "respectable" men of
+Fulton--lawyers, merchants, and others of like position. The reader will
+doubtless think it strange that such men should be members of a mob; and
+so it would be, if prejudice against color were not the saddest of all
+comments upon the meanness of human depravity. In this, more than in
+anything else did the malignant character of this American feeling
+evince itself--that to drive me off or kill me, if need be, the
+"respectable" and the base were commingled, like--
+
+  "Kindred elements into one."
+
+Men who, under other circumstances, would have been regarded as beneath
+contempt, the vulgar minded and vulgar hearted--with these, even
+Christians (so called) did not hesitate to affiliate themselves in order
+to crush a man who was guilty of no crime save that, having a colored
+skin, he was supposed to be about to marry a lady a few shades lighter
+than himself. O, the length and breadth, the height and depth, the
+cruelty and the irony of a prejudice which can so belittle human nature.
+
+But to the Committee again. This Committee declared themselves to us to
+be a self-constituted body. But whether self-constituted or otherwise,
+it matters not, since they were to all intents and purposes members of
+the mob--if not in _deed_, still in spirit and in heart. They meant no
+more than to save the honor of their village by preventing, if possible,
+bloodshed and death. They were not men of better principles than the
+rabble--they were only men of better breeding. I do them no injustice.
+The tenor of their discourse to us at the house of Mr. Porter, the
+spirit of an article published by one of their number a few days after
+in the "_Oswego Daily Times_," and the statements of the mob-leader,
+clearly satisfy me that had we been married, they (the Committee)
+deeming that our marriage would have been a greater disgrace to their
+village than even bloodshed or death, would have left us to our
+fate--Miss King to be carried off, or perchance grossly insulted, and
+myself left, as the spiked barrel especially evinced, to torture and to
+death. That this Committee saved my life, I have no doubt; and I have
+publicly thanked them for the act. So I would be grateful even to the
+man who took deadly aim at me with his revolver, and only missed his
+mark.
+
+Previous to the death which I was to suffer in the spiked barrel, I was
+to undergo various torturings and mutilations of person, aside from the
+tarring and feathering--some of these mutilations too shocking to be
+named in the pages of this book.
+
+Mr. Porter, as I have already said, was also to be mobbed; but, as we
+afterwards ascertained, only to be coated with tar and feathers and
+ridden on a rail.
+
+The leader of the mob subsequently averred that so decided was the
+feeling in Fulton, that in addition to the hundreds who, in person, made
+the onslaught, there were hundreds more in waiting in the village, who,
+it was understood between the two companies, were ready to join the
+onslaughting party at but a moment's warning. Indeed, Mrs. Allen now
+assures me that on her way home that evening, conducted by a portion of
+the Committee, she twice met crowds of men still coming on to join the
+multitudes already congregated at Mr. Porter's. One of the Committee,
+fearing that if all Fulton should get together, excited as the people
+were, there would be bloodshed in spite of all that could be said or
+done, entreated one of these crowds to go back. But, heeding him not; on
+the villains went, some of them uttering oaths and imprecations, some of
+them hurrahing, and many of them proceeding with great solemnity of
+step--these last doubtless being church-members; for the mob was not
+only on Sabbath evening, but it is a notorious fact which came out early
+afterwards, that the churches on that evening were, every one of them,
+quite deserted.
+
+Reader, the life of a colored man in America, save as a slave, is
+regarded as far less sacred than that of a dog. There is no exaggeration
+in this statement--I am not writing of exceptions. It is true there are
+white people in America who, while the colored man will keep in what
+they call "his place," will treat him with a show of respect even. But
+even this kind of people have their offset in the multitudes and
+majorities--the populace at large who would go out of their way to
+inflict the most demon-like outrages upon those whose skins are not
+colored like their own!
+
+I have before me at this moment recent American papers which contain
+accounts of the throttling of respectably-dressed colored men and women
+for venturing no further even than into the cabins of ferry boats plying
+between opposite cities; of colored ladies made to get out of the cars
+in which they had found seats--in cars in which the vilest loafer,
+provided his skin be white might sit unmolested; of respectable
+clergymen having their clothes torn from their backs, because they
+presumed to ask in a quiet manner that they might have berths in the
+cabins of steamers on which they were travelling, and not be compelled
+to lodge on deck; and lastly, of a colored man who was not long since
+picked up and thrown over-board from a steam boat, on one of the Western
+rivers, because of some affray with a white man--while all the
+bye-standers stood looking on, regarding the drowning of the man with
+less consideration than they would have done the drowning of a brute.
+
+Knowing all these things, and knowing also the peculiarity of the
+circumstances which surrounded me on that Sabbath evening, the reader
+will not be surprised, that when I saw the dense multitude surrounding
+the house of Mr. Porter, I at once came to the conclusion that I should
+not be permitted to live an hour longer. I was not frightened--was never
+calmer--prepared for the worst, disposed of my watch and such other
+articles of value as I had about my person.
+
+Mr. Porter was below stairs at the time the mob approached. Soon he came
+running up, introducing the Committee to whom reference has already been
+made. They at once addressed us. I do not remember their words,--the
+purport of the whole, however, was that death was intended for me,
+provided we had been married; and as it was, I could only escape it, by
+Miss King consenting to go with them, and by myself consenting to leave
+the village; and further, that there must be no delay by either party.
+
+One of the Committee, in order to assure me of the terrible danger by
+which I was surrounded, drew back the window curtains and bade me look
+out. I did not do so, however, since it was not necessary that I should
+look out in order to feel fully convinced that there were men below, who
+had determined to degrade themselves below the level of the brutes that
+perish. Such cursings, such imprecations, such cries of "nigger," "bring
+him out," "d----n him," "kill him," "down with the house," were never
+heard before, I hardly think, even in America.
+
+Of course, to have attempted to resist this armed mob of hundreds of men
+would have been preposterous. It would have been, so far as I was
+concerned, at least, to have committed myself to instant death.
+Compelled, therefore, to make the best of our unfortunate situation,
+Miss King consented to go with the Committee, and I to leave the
+village--she, however, taking care to assure me in a whisper, that she
+would meet me on the following day in Syracuse. The lady was now
+conducted by the Committee through the mob to the sleigh. Not a word was
+spoken by a single ruffian in the crowd. All were silent until the
+driver put whip to his horse, when a general shout was sent up, as of
+complete and perfect triumph.
+
+  "Mistaken souls!"
+
+Having reached her father's house, one of the Committee addressed a
+speech to her, hoped that for the sake of her family, and the community,
+Miss King would relinquish all partiality for Professor Allen, advised
+her also to go around among the ladies of the village, and consult with
+them, and assured her that he would be glad to see her at his house; and
+at any time when she felt disposed to come, he would send a sleigh to
+bring her.
+
+Nothing remarkable about this speech. But the tone in which it was
+delivered!--that cannot be put upon paper. The speaker evidently thought
+the young lady would receive it all as a mark of gracious favor, and as
+assuring her that though she had been "hand and glove" with a coloured
+man, he would nevertheless condescend to overlook it. He was dealing
+with the wrong woman, however; and he received such a reply to his
+harangue as only a virtuous indignation could have prompted.
+
+The reader must also be informed that a double-sleigh load of
+able-bodied men followed close behind the one in which Miss King was
+taken home. What this movement meant, I am not able very satisfactorily
+to conjecture. I venture the opinion, however, that the good folks
+supposed their victim would jump out of the sleigh in which she was
+riding, if a good opportunity should offer, and run back to the
+Professor; and so this last load, no doubt, was put on as the rear-guard
+of the posse.
+
+Now for myself. Miss King having left, and the mob having been informed
+that I was about to leave, they were somewhat quieted, but were far from
+being appeased. That portion of the Committee that remained with me,
+thought there was danger yet; and so, indeed, there was, judging hideous
+noises, bitter curses and ruffianly demonstrations, to be any proper
+criterion. They still cried, "bring him out" and "kill him." The
+Committee thought the safety of the house required that I should be
+removed at once; so I having gotten together my hat, valise and other
+effects, they took me under their protection and conducted me to the
+village hotel.
+
+While I was being conducted out of the door, all manner of speech was
+hurled at me--a bountiful supply of that sort of dialectics which
+America can beat all the world at handling. However, the main desire of
+the mob at this point seemed to have been to get a sight of me; so they
+arraigned themselves in a double file, while I was conducted through the
+centre thereof, somewhat after the fashion of a military hero--a
+committee man at each side, one in front and another behind. Having
+passed completely through the file, the scoundrels then closed in upon
+me; some of them kicking me, some striking me in the side, once on the
+head, some pulling at my clothes and bruising my hat, and all of them
+hooting and hallooing after a manner similar to that which they
+practised when they first surrounded the house of Mr. Porter.
+
+At length we reached the hotel--a quarter of a mile distant. The
+Committee were about to conduct me into the front parlour, when one
+fellow patriotically cried out, "God d----n it, don't carry that nigger
+into the front door." A true Yankee that! I have a penny laid up for
+that fellow, if I should ever chance to meet him.
+
+I was conducted into the back parlour of the hotel, as being the most
+secure. Still the mob were not appeased, and besides, their numbers had
+increased. They hung around the house. Some of them opened the windows
+half-way and tried to clamber through them into the parlour where I was;
+and at last they way-laid the outer doors.
+
+The sort of curses they indulged in meanwhile, I need not describe
+again. They were essentially the same as they had hitherto vented, save
+that one or two of them growing a little humorous, cried out
+occasionally "a speech from Professor Allen"--putting a peculiar
+emphasis on the professor.
+
+The Committee busied themselves in furnishing two sleighs in which I was
+to be conveyed away, and also in appeasing the more ruffianly part of
+the multitude with cigars and such other articles as they choose to call
+for at the bar of the hotel. One of the sleighs was stationed at the
+back door of the hotel, and the other about two miles from Fulton. The
+plan was that I should get into the former and be driven to the latter,
+in which I was to be taken post haste to Syracuse--a distance of about
+twenty-five miles. The mob, however, suspected some of the details of
+the plan, and consequently every time I appeared at the back door, they
+made a rush at me seeking to wreak their vengeance. I escaped their
+violence, however, by stepping adroitly out of the way. And, as the
+tavern keeper had assured them that if they attempted violence upon me
+while I was under his roof, they would do it at their peril, many of
+them left, and I, at last, succeeded in reaching the sleigh at the back
+door and was driven off in safety. The mob unable to overtake me, still
+shouted a last imprecation.
+
+For this said Sleigh ride, I paid Six dollars, about £1. 4s.; so I was
+robbed, if not murdered.
+
+I will now describe the leader of the mob--Henry C. Hibbard. I will do
+it in short. This man is a clumsy-fisted, double jointed, burly-headed
+personage, about six feet in height, with a countenance commingling in
+expression the utmost ferocity and cunning. Hibbard is not a fool--but a
+knave. He is essentially a low bred man, and vulgar to the heart's core.
+
+Some idea of the calibre of the man may be had in the fact that in his
+published Article in defense of the mob, he makes use of such
+expressions as "g'hals," "g'halhood" and the like.
+
+He has great perseverance of character as is evinced in the fact that
+though I was several days behind the time at which I was expected to
+arrive in Fulton, he or his deputies never failed to be daily at the
+Cars so as to watch my arrival, and thus be in season with the
+onslaught.
+
+This man set himself up, and was indeed so received by the Elder and
+Mrs. King as their friend, counsellor, and adviser. A confirmation this,
+of what I have already said about the commingling of the "respectable"
+and the base. His mobocratic movements, however, it is but just to say,
+were unknown to the Elder and his wife until after the onslaught had
+been made. Mrs. King however did not deprecate the mob until its history
+had become somewhat unpopular, by reason of many of the "respectable"
+men becoming ashamed at last that they had been found in such company as
+Hibbard's. And even the Elder himself, though he deprecated the mob,
+still characterized it as the "just indignation of the public."
+
+Hibbard, I have already said, published a written defence of the mob.
+The article was headed "_The Mary Rescue._"--and a most remarkable
+document it was--remarkable, however, only for its intense vulgarity,
+its absurd contradictions, and its ridiculous attempts at piety and
+poetry.
+
+Me, he describes as the "Professor of Charms" and "Charming Professor,"
+once--the "tawney charmer."
+
+Hibbard's article is not by me; and, if it were, its defilement is such
+that I could not be tempted to give it at length. Laughable and
+lamentable as the article is in the main, I still thank Hibbard for some
+portions of it, and especially for that one which substantiates the
+charge which I have brought against the "respectable men of Fulton."
+Thus ends the mob.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER V.
+
+DARK DAYS.
+
+
+Reader, I am now to describe the events of the two weeks which followed
+the Fulton onslaught; and I can assure you that language has yet to be
+invented in which to write in its fullness what, when the children of
+certain parents shall look back fifty years hence, they will regard as
+the darkest deeds recorded in the history of their ancestors.
+
+Diabolical as was the mob, yet the shameful and outrageous persecution
+to which Miss King was subjected during those memorable weeks, at the
+hands of her relatives and the Fulton Community, sinks it (the mob) into
+utter significance. How the human beings who so outraged an inoffensive
+young lady can dare call themselves christians, is to me a mystery which
+I, at least, shall never be able wholly to explain.
+
+I have already said that Miss King assured me on parting on Sabbath
+evening that she would meet me in Syracuse on the morrow. Accordingly I
+awaited at the depôt, on Monday afternoon, the arrival of the Fulton
+train of cars. But she did not appear, and, for the first time, the
+thought occurred to me that the Fulton people were determined to leave
+nothing undone by which to fill out their measure of meanness.
+
+On Tuesday morning next, February 1st, the following article appeared in
+the "_Syracuse Star_"--one of the organs of the Fillmore Administration.
+It needs no comment of mine to instruct the reader as to the character
+of the paper which could publish such complete diabolism:--
+
+
+  "ANOTHER RESCUE."
+
+"A gentleman from Fulton informs us that that village was the theatre of
+quite an exciting time, to say the least, on Sunday evening last. The
+story is as follows:--Rev. Mr. King, Pastor of a regular Wesleyan
+Methodist, Abolition, Amalgamation Church at Fulton, has an interesting
+and quite pretty daughter, whom, for some three or four years past, he
+has kept at School at that pink of a 'nigger' Institution, called the
+Mc. Grawville College, located South of us, in Cortland County. While
+there, it seems that a certain genuine negro connected with the
+Institution, called Professor Allen, (Professor Allen! bah!!) and
+herself became enamoured of each other, and thereupon entered into the
+requisite stipulation and agreements to constitute what is known to
+those interested in such matters, as an 'engagement' to be married. A
+little time since, the damsel went home to her Amalgamation-preaching
+parents, and made known the arrangements whereby their lovely daughter
+expected soon to be folded in the hymenean arms of anti-alabaster Sambo.
+The parents remonstrated and begged, and got the brothers and sisters to
+interpose, but all to no effect. The blooming damsel was determined to
+partake of the 'bed and board,' and inhale the rich odours, refreshing
+perfumes, and reviving fragrance which Mc. Grawville College teaching
+had pictured to her in life-like eloquence; and more than this, she
+would not remain in membership with the denomination that preaches but
+declines to practice, and sent in her resignation in due form of law.
+Whereupon, down from Mc. Grawville comes the blushing Allen, all decked
+in wedding garb, and on Sunday morn he half woke from ponderous sleep,
+and thought he heard playing on the air such sweet music,--
+
+  '"As are those dulcet sounds in break of day,
+  That creep into the dreaming bridegroom's ear,
+  And summons him to marriage!"'
+
+"But evening came, and as the anxious couple could not have the nuptial
+rites celebrated under the Rev. father's roof, they withdrew to
+Phillips' tavern, on the West side of the river, and made preparations
+for the ceremonies. In the meantime the affair got whispered about the
+town, and the incensed populace to some five hundred strong made ready
+to 'disturb the meeting.' Several of the prominent citizens, fearing
+lest a serious row should follow, repaired to the marriage-home, and
+while some kept the riot down by speeches and persuasions, others gained
+admittance to the colors. Allen, on being asked if he was married,
+replied 'no,' but that he would be in a few minutes. He was remonstrated
+with, and told the consequences that would ensue--that he would be
+mobbed, and must leave town immediately. He responded that he knew what
+he was about, was a free man, in a free country, and should do as he
+pleased. By this time the outsiders could be held still no longer, and
+the window curtains being drawn, our hero 'saw and trembled,' and cried
+for mercy. The damsel didn't faint, but at once consented to go home,
+and was hurried into a sleigh and driven off, while Sambo under disguise
+and surrounded by Abolitionists, was hustled out of the crowd over to
+the Fulton house. The multitude soon followed, eager and raving to grab
+the 'nigger,' but after a little, he was got away from the house, by
+some sly comer, and hurried off to Syracuse in a sleigh, at the top of
+two-horse speed. Thus the black cloud avoided the whirlwind, and thus
+ended 'Another Rescue.'"
+
+This article, abominable as it is, was copied either in whole or in part
+by nearly every pro-slavery organ throughout America in a few days after
+the mob--with glorifications at what they supposed to be my defeat; and
+some of the papers copied the article with regrets that I had not been
+killed outright. And, indeed, this same "_Syracuse Star_" in a few days
+after the publication of the above article did what it could to inflame
+the populace of Syracuse to inflict upon me violence and death.
+
+Nor were the pro-slaveryites the only persons who gloated with delight
+over the Article published by the "_Star_." Hundreds, and I think I am
+within the bounds of truth, when I say that thousands of men and women
+calling themselves Abolitionists and Christians, were especially
+rejoiced at my "defeat;" and expressed themselves to that effect, though
+using more guarded language than those who made no pretensions to a love
+of truth, justice, and humanity.
+
+The article abounds in falsehood, though to serve its purpose it is
+certainly adroitly written. We had not intended to be married on the
+evening of the mob, so that not only is the speech which the Editor puts
+in my mouth false, but so also is his statement that we repaired to
+Phillips' Tavern to have the nuptial rites celebrated. The story of my
+seeing, and trembling and crying for mercy, is also equally false.
+
+It is also worthy of note that every paper which copied the article,
+varied the details, in order to suit its specific locality. Some of the
+versions of the affair were extremely amusing.
+
+One of the papers described the mob as having taken place at Syracuse,
+and the onslaught as having been made upon us while the ceremony was
+about being performed, whereat Miss King fled in one direction, and I in
+another.
+
+One Editor in furnishing his readers with the details thought it
+necessary to a completion of the picture to describe my personal
+appearance. He had never seen me--but no matter for that. He had seen
+the "_Star's_" report, and what that did not give him, his imagination
+could supply. So he at it; and the next morning I appeared in print as
+"a stout, lusty, fellow, six feet and three inches tall, and as black as
+a pot of charcoal." Reader, you would laugh to see me after such a
+description--of my height, at least.
+
+The telegraphic wires were also put in demand, and in less than
+forty-eight hours after the occurrence of the mob, the terrific news had
+spread throughout the country that a "Colored man had attempted to marry
+a White woman!" And incredible as it may seem to Britons, this "horrid
+marriage" was for weeks, not only discoursed of in the papers but was
+the staple of conversation and debate in the grog shops, in the parlors,
+at the corners of the streets, and wherever men and women are accustomed
+to assemble; and during this time also my life was in danger whenever I
+ventured in the streets. The reader will get some idea of the state of
+things when I assure him that about a week after the mob, I had occasion
+to call at the Globe Hotel, Syracuse; and had not been in the house more
+than ten minutes before the landlord came to me and requested me to
+retire, as he feared the destruction of his house--the multitude having
+seen me enter, he said, and were now assembling about the building. I
+walked quietly out in company with a gentleman in a counter direction to
+the mob, and so escaped their wrath.
+
+But to return to the narrative. On Tuesday afternoon (two days after the
+mob) I awaited again at the Syracuse depôt, the arrival of the Fulton
+train of cars; supposing it possible that I might meet Miss King. She
+did not make her appearance, and there was now not a doubt left on my
+mind as to the character of what was going on in Fulton. Just as I was
+on the point of turning away from the depôt, a gentleman came up behind
+me, tapped me on the shoulder, and bade me get out of the way as quickly
+as possible; for the Fulton mobocrats, he informed me, had sent up word
+by telegraph to certain persons in Syracuse to mob me, if I should be
+seen about the car house. This gentleman also added that some of these
+persons were about the car house, wishing to have me pointed out.
+
+It seems, the Committee that visited us on the evening of the mob, had
+overheard Miss King assure me that she would meet me on the following
+day in Syracuse; and they, or others of our keepers, had not only
+determined that no such meeting should be held, but that the mobbing
+should be repeated if I attempted again to see her.
+
+Just as I was about to enter my lodging house on my return from the
+depôt, whom should I espy but my friend Porter turning the corner and
+approaching me. Of course I was glad to see him; and our conversation,
+at once, turned upon Fulton and the events of the two preceeding days.
+He informed me, much to my surprise, for I had hardly supposed that
+tyranny would have gone so far, that on the night following the mob, the
+people of the village had risen up _en masse_, and in solemn meeting
+dismissed him from his school. Glorious America! Land of the Free!
+
+Mr. Porter had committed no crime--nothing was charged against him, save
+that he had entertained us, and was known to be favorable to our union,
+or rather unfavorable to any interference in a matter which was of
+sacred right our own.
+
+Mr. P. gave me no information with regard to Miss King, except that she
+was at home, and that in consequence of the extraordinary excitement she
+would probably be unable to get out of Fulton for several days to come.
+
+He returned to Fulton the next morning, and three or four days after, I
+received from him the following letter. It is significant:--
+
+                       "Gilberts' Mills, February 4th, 1853.
+
+  "Professor Allen,--
+    "Dear Friend:--
+
+"I write you under very extraordinary circumstances. I have been obliged
+to leave the vicinity of Fulton, for a while at least. I am now stopping
+at A. Gilbert's. How long I shall stay here, I cannot tell.
+
+"Mary (Miss King) I have not seen or heard from, for two days. All
+communications between her and Julia, (her sister--who was favorable to
+our union) and our family has been broken off--strictly prohibited; and
+Hibbard's house, on the hill, is the watch tower to guard Elder King's
+house against such dangerous invaders as ourselves.
+
+"When I came from Syracuse that morning, Hibbard was at the depôt on the
+watch. In the afternoon I went up to the Elder's, and was met on the
+door-step and told not to deliver any messages or letters to Mary. Of
+course, I had none with me to deliver, and so I told Elder King. But I
+saw Mary in the presence of the family and Hibbard, and Mrs. Case and
+Mrs. Sherman, and such like--for Elder King's folks have a great many
+such sympathisers now.
+
+"I wanted to say some things to her not in the presence of these
+strangers--so to speak--in the family; _but she told me that she was
+permitted to say no word to any one but in the presence of such
+companions as were appointed for her. I went away sad, for Mrs. King is
+trying to torment her soul out of her, by constant upbraidings and
+railings_.
+
+"Yesterday morning Sarah (Mrs. Porter) started to go up to see her, not
+having seen her since the affair of the mob; but a cutter from
+Phillipsville whipped by her, and when she had got near the house, the
+cutter came back bringing Elder King, who told her that they thought it
+advisable to request her not to go to his house--that, in a word, _they
+were determined to prevent all communication between our family and
+Mary_. Sarah came back. In the meantime, a man came to see me--Mr.
+Case--to tell me that I must not go to Elder King's--_that I could not
+go there without getting hurt_. In fact, I had been that morning to
+Fulton early, to see the Editor of '_The Patriot_;' while I was going
+through the street, a lot of rowdies gathered together and yelled after
+me. The explanation is easy. When I came from Syracuse, the story went
+that I was plotting to get Mary off. And I can hardly forgive Elder King
+for putting the sanction upon this falsity, by excluding us from his
+house. That act of Elder King gave the multitude full swing. They have
+now full liberty to mob me; _and last night I came very near getting
+into their hands. About sunset they came over headed by Hibbard_, and
+while stopping at the tavern on the way--this side of the bridge--a man
+whipped up to Watson's on horseback, and gave me the wink. George
+Gilbert was at our room, (a lucky chance) and so I got under the
+buffalo, and Sarah sat on the seat, and so we rode down straight by
+them, and thus foiled them again. To-day I went back--packed up, and put
+my trunks in a neighbor's house, and then came down here with Sarah and
+Libbie. Thus it is. _Mary--God help her--is in prison,--that is, she is
+guarded._ Elder King has consented to just such arrangements as Mrs.
+King and Hibbard and some of the heartless, officious aristocrats of the
+village saw fit to propose. It cannot be helped. Mary will doubtless be
+used well, corporally--but oh, the torment of being confined with such
+despicable companions. I trust she will be brave; though I did hear
+yesterday morning that she was somewhat indisposed and was abed. Her
+eyes are inflamed.
+
+"I left the vicinity not altogether out of personal fear, but because I
+knew that my presence kept up the excitement. Allen, _it is impossible
+for you to conceive what a convulsion this village of Fulton has been
+thrown into_. A regular siege and cannonading could hardly have raised a
+greater muss.
+
+"Write to me soon. Enclose to G. Gilbert on the _outside_ wrapper. I
+dared not send from Phillipsville yesterday.
+
+"Keep cool; and do not blame Elder King more than you can help, for I
+expect he is forced into some things. How much he is to be forgiven on
+account of the dilemma into which he has got himself, let time decide. I
+do not wish to make his case worse.
+
+                                       "Yours in friendship,
+                                           "JOHN C. PORTER."
+
+[The italics and parentheses of the above letter are mine. I shall add
+no comment.]
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+On Saturday afternoon, Feb. 5th,--still in Syracuse,--I received a visit
+from Wm. S. King, Esq. This gentleman is also a brother of Miss King.
+His visit seemed to have about it at the outset somewhat of a stealthy
+character, and I confess I did not receive him with any great degree of
+cordiality. He came on an errand, he said. His sister desired to have an
+interview with me, and to that end she would meet me at the house of a
+friend about four miles from the village of Fulton. The journey to this
+friend's--hers of four miles and mine of twenty or more--he assured me
+must be conducted with the greatest possible secrecy; for should the
+Fulton people hear of it, the most disastrous results would follow. His
+sister was very ill, he said--was suffering intense anguish of mind--had
+been confined to her chamber with bodily ailings--had an eye also in a
+dreadful condition, the sight of which was in danger of being
+lost--still, her anxiety to see me was so great that she had entreated
+to be taken even in this condition to the place aforesaid mentioned.
+
+I understood this brother at once. I was not to be trapped. I had read
+human nature (so I think the result will justify me in saying) to a much
+better purpose than he. I declined holding the interview at the time, on
+account, as I urged, of his sister's feeble health and excited state of
+mind--but would have no objection, I added, to such an interview some
+two or three weeks to come. He then urged me to write, assuring me that
+he would take the letter willingly. This also, I refused to do. So at
+last he left me with the understanding that upon the recovery of his
+sister's health, we should have an "interview."
+
+Mr. King returned immediately to Fulton, and on the Monday following, I
+received by post a letter from Miss King. It was not in her own
+hand-writing--she was too ill to write, but it was dictated to her
+sister. Just as I expected, Miss King had found it necessary considering
+the influences against her, and that her relatives and the community
+would have left no means untried, however illegal or disgraceful to
+thwart her in her designs,--nay, would have sworn her into a lunatic
+asylum rather than to have permitted her to marry me--to consent that
+our engagement should be broken. This letter was to announce the fact,
+while at the same time, it gave as the reason--deference to the feelings
+of father and brothers.
+
+Of course, I did not reply to the letter. As the "_Star_" says--I knew
+what I was about.
+
+On Tuesday morning, February 8th, I published in the "_Syracuse
+Standard_" the following card:--
+
+
+  "TO THE PUBLIC.--FROM PROFESSOR ALLEN."
+
+"So much has been said and written on the subject of the late affair at
+Fulton, that the Public by this time must have had nearly _quantum
+sufficit_; yet I deem it not improper on my own behalf to add a remark
+or two. I shall not undertake to describe in detail, the murderous
+outrage intended to be inflicted on a quiet and unoffending man--that is
+not of much consequence now.
+
+"I wish now simply to show the public, that those who made the onslaught
+upon me on Sabbath evening, a week ago, acted no less like a pack of
+fools than a pack of devils; and this can be shown almost in a single
+word, by stating that the whole story of my intention of being married
+on the evening in question, or that I went to Fulton intending to
+consummate an affair of the kind at any period of my recent visit there,
+is a fabrication from the beginning to the end. The wretch who 'fixed
+up' just such a story as he thought would inflame the rabble to take my
+life, will yet, I trust, meet with deserved scorn and contempt from a
+community who, whatever may be their prejudice against my color, have,
+nevertheless, a high sense of what belongs to their own honor and
+dignity, and to the character and reputation of their village.
+
+"I make this statement with regard to this matter of marriage, not
+because I regard myself as amenable to the public to state to them
+_whom_ or _when_ I shall marry, but that since so much has been said
+upon the subject, I am quite willing they should know the truth as it
+is. They are tyrants, and very little-hearted, and exceedingly
+muddy-headed ones at that, who will presume to take a matter of this
+kind out of the hands of the parties to whom it specifically belongs,
+and who are acting law-abidingly and honorably in the premises.
+
+"Here then is the story. Read it. A band of several hundred armed
+men--armed, as I have been told, with an empty barrel spiked with
+shingle nails, tar, feathers and a pole, came down upon a certain house
+in Phillipsville, opposite Fulton, on Sabbath evening, a week ago, to
+kill or drive out a single individual, conducting himself in a quiet,
+peaceable manner, and that individual, too, in physical stature, one of
+the smallest of men,--and in physical strength, proportionably inferior!
+If this is not cowardice as well as villainy--and both of them
+double-refined--then, I ask, what is cowardice, or what is villainy? The
+malignity of the whole matter also is set in a clearer light, when it is
+remembered that this same individual has never injured one of his
+assailants, nor has it been charged upon him that in his life-time he
+has ever inflicted the slightest wrong upon mortal man, but who has
+striven to maintain an upright character through life, and to fight his
+way for long years through scorn and contempt, to an honorable position
+among men. Truly, this is a precious country! However, it is some
+consolation to know that 'God is just, and that his justice cannot sleep
+for ever.'
+
+"A gentleman of Fulton writes an article on this subject, to the
+'_Oswego Daily Times_,' of February the 3rd. The spirit of this
+gentleman's article dishonors his heart. So filled is he with a
+prejudice which an eminent Christian of this country has rightly
+characterized, as a 'blasphemy against God,' and a 'quarrel with
+Jehovah,' that he will not even deign to call me by name, to say nothing
+of the title which has been legitimately accorded me, but designates me
+as a 'colored man, &c.' The object of this writer in thus refusing to
+accord to me so cheap and common a courtesy is apparent, and as
+contemptible as apparent. Let him have the glory of it,--I pity him. Had
+I been a white man, he would not have so violated what he is such a
+stickler for--'the laws and usages of society.'
+
+"In another place in his article, he describes me as the 'negro.' This
+is preposterous and ridiculous. Were I a negro, I should regard it as no
+dishonor, since men are not responsible for their physical
+peculiarities, and since they are neither better nor worse on account of
+them. It happens in this case, however, that so far from being a negro,
+three-fourths of the blood which flows in my veins is as good
+Anglo-Saxon as that which flows in the veins of this writer in the
+'_Times_,'--better, I will not say, of course.
+
+"Something also is said in this article from Fulton about the 'course
+we' (the young lady and myself) 'were pursuing.' Now, as the several
+hundred armed men strong who came down upon me on Sunday night, and some
+newspaper Editors, and this gentleman in particular, and the public very
+nearly in general, have taken the matter of judging what this 'course we
+were pursuing' was, out of our own hands, I propose to leave it still
+further with them. They can guess at it, and fight it out to their
+heart's content.
+
+"Something also is said by this gentleman about 'wholesome advice being
+given me'--but I did not hear it, that's all. Besides, I never take
+advice from those who can not tell the difference between a man and his
+skin.
+
+"One gentleman--a true man--came to me, and expressed his deep sympathy
+for me, and his sorrow that I had been so wrongfully treated and
+shamefully outraged, and entreated me to regard with pity, and not with
+anger, the murderous wretches outside. This is the speech that I
+remember, and remember it to thank the friend for his manifestation of
+kind and generous emotions.
+
+"This Fulton 'Committee man' also says that 'the colored man asked if he
+was to be left to be torn to pieces.' Beyond a doubt, I asked that
+question. It was certainly, under the circumstances, the most natural
+question in the world; for I had really begun to think that the fellows
+outside had the genuine teeth and tail.
+
+"I close this Article. To the Committee who so kindly lent me their
+protection on that memorable night, I offer my thanks and lasting
+gratitude.
+
+"To the poor wretches who sought to take my life, I extend my pity and
+forgiveness.
+
+"As to myself--having in my veins, though but in a slight degree, the
+blood of a despised, crushed, and persecuted people, I ask no favors of
+the people of this country, and get none save from those whose
+Christianity is not hypocrisy, and who are willing to 'do unto others as
+they would that others should do unto them'--and who regard _all_ human
+beings who are equal in character as equal to one another.
+
+                                        "Respectfully
+                                          "WILLIAM G. ALLEN"
+
+Simultaneously with the above card, there appeared in the "_Syracuse
+Journal_," the following Article. It is from the pen of Wm. S. King--the
+brother aforesaid mentioned. It is in spirit a most dastardly
+performance, more so, considering that the gentleman really _did_ know
+the circumstances, than anything which had hitherto been sent to the
+press. As a history of the "affair," it is almost a falsity
+throughout--and especially is it so in that part of it which describes
+Miss King as repulsing me with her abhorrence of the idea of
+amalgamation. I do not propose, however, to be hard on Mr. King. His
+untruthful and cowardly spirit has been sufficiently rebuked by the
+marriage which took place in less than two months after the publication
+of his article:--
+
+  "THE FULTON RESCUE CASE."
+
+"Since the occurrence of the circumstances which induced the mob and
+consequent excitement at Fulton, on the 30th of last month, we have made
+considerable effort to procure a full and precise statement of the facts
+in the case. This we have finally succeeded in doing from a gentleman of
+standing, who is well acquainted with all the circumstances. They are as
+follows:--
+
+"For some years past, Miss King has been attending the School at Mc.
+Grawville, known as the 'New York Central College,' in which Allen, the
+colored Professor alluded to, is one of the teachers.
+
+"During that time, Allen became deeply interested in the lady, and
+proposed marriage to her. This she at once rejected, declaring that the
+thought of such a connection was repulsive to her.
+
+"For some time after this, the Professor said no more upon the subject;
+but in the course of a year or so, _again_ proposed marriage, and was
+_again_ rejected.
+
+"Thus matters stood until some time since, when Miss King left the
+School, and returned to her home in Fulton. Shortly after, Allen went to
+that place and called on her, and, after a short interview, again, for
+the third time, proposed marriage. She _again rejected him_, and told
+him _that such was her firm and fixed decision_. Her manner towards him,
+however, during all this period, had been kind and friendly, but she had
+always expressed her abhorrence of the idea of 'amalgamation.'
+
+"By this time Madam Gossip had set the rumor afloat, that Allen and Miss
+K. were engaged to be married. Such a report was, of course calculated
+to produce a great excitement wherever it went.
+
+"Allen, however, was not to be baffled by his former ill success, and
+was determined, if possible, to make the report good. He, therefore, a
+few days after his last rejection, wrote to a gentleman residing in
+Phillipsville, opposite Fulton--who had formerly been a student in Mc.
+Grawville--that he intended making him a visit. As all the parties had
+been friends and acquaintances at School, Miss K. was invited to be
+present for the purpose of having a friendly visit. She accordingly
+called upon them on Saturday afternoon, and at their earnest
+solicitations consented to spend the Sabbath with them.
+
+"In the meantime, it was whispered about that the Professor and Miss K.
+were there for the purpose of being married. This, the people of Fulton
+determined at once, should not be done in that town. They, therefore,
+assembled several hundred strong, and appointed a Committee to wait upon
+the party, which they accordingly did, and informed the Professor that
+he must leave town, and the young lady that she must go home, to which
+request they both acceded without hesitation.
+
+"The above is, as we have been informed, a full and true statement of
+the affair which has created such an excitement throughout the country."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+The reader will see that the article appears as an editorial--another
+evidence that it is "conscience that doth make cowards of us all."
+
+Should Mr. King ever see this little book, and wonder how I found him
+out, I will simply inform him that I chanced to be in the neighborhood
+of the Journal Office, when he went in with his piece; and further, I
+have the guarantee of the Editor.
+
+I now subjoin an extract of a note which I received from Miss King, on
+the afternoon of February the 12th:--
+
+                         "Fulton, Friday Morning, Feb. 11th.
+
+  "Professor Allen,--
+     "Dearest and best-loved Friend:--
+
+"I am much better this morning; and if I could only see you for a few
+hours, I am sure I should be quite well again. I have been trying to
+persuade father to let me go to Syracuse this morning and see you, but
+he thinks my health is not in a state to admit of it now, but has
+promised me faithfully that I may meet you at Loguens, on Tuesday of
+next week.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+"Professor--When I saw that article in the '_Syracuse Journal_,' holding
+you up in such a ridiculous light, and laboring to make such false
+impressions upon the mind of the public, my soul was on fire with
+indignation.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+"I need not tell you again that I love you, for you know that I do; yes,
+and I always shall until life's troubled waters cease their flow.
+
+"All communications that I receive from, or send to, you, _are read by
+father_; for I am a prisoner, yes, a prisoner; and when you write to
+me--if you should before I see you--_you must say nothing but what you
+are willing to have seen_. I shall manage to send this note without
+having it seen by any one.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+"When I see you, I will tell you how much I have suffered since I saw
+you last, and how much I still suffer.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+                                      "Ever yours,
+                                                     "Mary."
+
+[The italicising of the above is my own.]
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+This little note was the only communication which I had received from
+Fulton, containing any account of the doings of the King family, since
+the letter written to me by Miss King, announcing that our engagement
+must be broken. Though short, it was satisfactory. It assured me that
+Miss King,--though she could be persecuted--could not be crushed.
+
+About the same time that I received the above note from Miss King, I
+also received the following from Rev. Timothy Stowe, of Peterboro', New
+York. How much I valued this friendly epistle coming, as it did, from
+one of the most devoted Christians in America, it is not possible for me
+to say:--
+
+                            "Peterboro', February 8th, 1853.
+
+  "Dear Brother Allen:--
+
+"I see by the papers, that you have been shamefully mobbed at Fulton. I
+write to let you know that there are some in the world who will not join
+the multitude who are trying to overwhelm you with prejudice.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+"Now do not be cast down. You, I trust, are not the man to cower at such
+a moment. Do not be afraid to stand up your whole length in defence of
+your own rights.
+
+"Come and visit us without delay. Consider my house your home while
+here.
+
+"Brother Smith sends you his love. Brother Remington wishes me to say
+that you have his confidence, and that he is your friend.
+
+                            "Yours with kindest regards,
+                                            "TIMOTHY STOWE."
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER VI.
+
+BRIGHTENING UP.--GRAND RESULT.
+
+
+According to the intimation in the note received from Miss King dated
+Feb. 11th, she met me--not however as she expected on Tuesday--but, on
+Wednesday of next week in Syracuse: and at the house of a friend whose
+memory we hold in the highest reverence.
+
+The interview, as the parents and relatives of Miss King understood it,
+was to be held to the intent that Miss King might then and there in
+person, and by "word" more effectually than she could possibly do by
+writing, absolve herself from all engagement, obligation or intention
+whatsoever to marry me--now, hereafter, or evermore. This was their
+construction of the matter, and it was in the light of this construction
+that they essayed to grant the request--the granting of which Miss King
+made the condition on which she proposed to yield up her sacred right.
+
+That the King family--determined as they were, law or no law, justice or
+no justice, Christianity or no Christianity; in short, at all events and
+all hazards, to prevent our union--should have granted this interview to
+Miss King convicts them of as great imbecility and folly as was their
+persecution of their victim. But so it is, the innocent shall not only
+not be cut down, but they who practice unrighteousness shall themselves
+be overtaken.
+
+But to the interview. I should be glad to describe my feelings on first
+meeting Miss King after she had passed through that fiery furnace of
+affliction. But I desist. The "engagement," I have already said,
+displayed a moral heroism which no one can comprehend who has not been
+in America, but the passage through was more than sublime.
+
+She related to me the events of the two preceding weeks as she had known
+them to transpire in her own family, and as she had heard of them as
+transpiring in the village. I cannot write the details. It chills my
+blood to think of them. The various letters published in this narrative
+will suffice to give the reader some idea of things as they were; while
+the hundreds of things which cannot be written and which, because of
+their littleness are the more faithful exponents of meanness, must be
+left to the reader to imagine as best he can. I say as best he can,
+since no Englishman can imagine the thing precisely as it was.
+
+She was reviled, upbraided, ridiculed, tormented; and by some, efforts
+were made to bribe her into the selling of her conscience. What the
+vilest and most vulgar prejudices could suggest were hurled at both our
+devoted heads. Letters were not permitted to be received or sent without
+their being first inspected by the parents. And finally she was
+imprisoned after the manner set forth in the letter of Mr. Porter. So
+rigid was the surveillance that her sister was also put under the same
+"regimen," because her sympathies were with the persecuted and not the
+persecutors.
+
+When we met, therefore, we were not long in determining what was our
+duty. And now, Reader, what would you have done? Just what we did--no
+doubt. Made up your mind to have sacrificed nothing upon the altar of a
+vulgar prejudice. Such was the nature of the demand--would it not have
+been base to have yielded?
+
+We concluded that now, more than ever, we would obey our heart's
+convictions, though all the world should oppose us; that, come what
+would, we would stand by each other, looking to Heaven to bless us, and
+not to man, for either smiles or favor.
+
+We were resolved, but there was a difficulty yet. Determined to exercise
+our God-given rights, we were still overpowered by the physical force of
+the whole community. An open declaration by either party of our resolve
+would have been not less than consummate madness. To exercise our
+rights, therefore, not as we _would_ but as we _could_, was the only
+hope left us.
+
+We resolved to marry and flee the Country. Miss King returned to Fulton;
+after remaining there a week or ten days she went to Pennsylvania
+_ostensibly_ to teach in a school. We corresponded by means of a third
+person; and my arrangements being made, we met in New York City, on
+March 30th, according to appointment; were married immediately and left
+for Boston. In Boston, we remained ten days, keeping as quiet as
+possible, in the family of a beloved friend, and on the 9th of April,
+took passage for Liverpool.
+
+Since our arrival in this Country, we have received several American
+papers. The following Article is from one of the Western New York
+papers, which is but a specimen of the articles published by all the
+pro-slavery papers throughout the land on the announcement of the
+marriage, shows that the flight to England completed the victory. To
+have remained to be killed would have been fun to be relished. But
+public sentiment abroad--ah, that is another thing, and not so pleasant
+to be thought of:--
+
+
+  "PROF. ALLEN IS MARRIED"
+
+"MARRIED.--In New York city, March 30th, by Rev. Thomas Henson,
+Professor WILLIAM G. ALLEN, of Mc. Grawville, N. Y., and Miss
+MARY E. KING, of Fulton, N. Y., daughter of Rev. Lyndon King, of
+Fulton.
+
+"We expected as much. We were liberally abused for our discountenance of
+this marriage, and charged with wilfully falsifying facts, because we
+insisted that this affair was in contemplation, and would yet go off.
+_Prof._ Allen denied it, and others thought that they had the most
+positive assurance from his statements that the amalgamation wedding was
+a fiction. But now, after he and his white brethren have liberally
+impugned our motives, charged falsehood upon us, and made solemn
+asseverations designed to make the public believe that no such thing was
+in contemplation, in two brief months, the thing is consummated, with
+all the formality of a religious observance, and this unholy
+amalgamation is perpetrated before high Heaven and asserted among men.
+
+"_Prof._ ALLEN and his fair bride are now in Europe. It is
+well they should emigrate, to show admiring foreigners the beauties of
+American abolitionism. Let them attend the receptions of the Duchess of
+Sutherland, the soirees of English agitators, and the orgies of Exeter
+Hall. Let GEO. THOMPSON introduce them as the first fruits of
+his _philanthropic_ labors in America. Let them travel among the
+starveling English operatives, who would gladly accept slavery if
+assured of a peck of corn each week; let them wander among European
+serfs, whose life, labor, and virtue are the sport of despots, compared
+to whom the crudest slave driver is an angel--and there proclaim their
+'holy alliance.' If the victims of English and Continental tyranny do
+not turn their backs, disgusted with the foul connection, their
+degradation must be infinitely greater than we had supposed."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+But to return to the story: Soon after the "interview" between Miss King
+and myself, I received the following note from Mrs. Harriet Beecher
+Stowe--the renowned Authoress of "Uncle Tom's Cabin." A "divine-hearted
+woman," this, as Horace Mann hath rightly called her, and more precious
+than rubies to me is her kind and Christian epistle:--
+
+                Andover, Massachusetts, February 21st, 1853.
+
+  "Professor Allen,--
+     "Dear Sir:--
+
+"I have just read with indignation and sorrow your letter in the
+Liberator (copied from the Syracuse Standard). I had hoped that the day
+for such outrages had gone by. I trust that you will be enabled to
+preserve a patient and forgiving spirit under this exhibition of vulgar
+and unchristian prejudice. _Its day is short._
+
+"Please accept the accompanying volume as a mark of friendly remembrance
+from,--
+
+                                              "H. B. STOWE."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+Just before Miss K. left Fulton for Pennsylvania, she received the
+following letter from the Rev. Timothy Stowe--the gentleman to whom
+reference has already been made. He is not related to Mrs. Harriet
+Beecher Stowe, but is nevertheless of royal race:--
+
+                     "Peterboro', New York, March 1st, 1853.
+
+  "Miss Mary E. King,--
+     "Dear Friend:--
+
+"You will not be offended that I should address you by this title,
+though I never saw you, to my recollection, until last July at Mc.
+Grawville; I then felt an interest in your welfare--an interest which
+has been deepened by your recent insults and trials. I am not one of
+those who can censure you for your attachment and engagement to
+Professor Allen. He is a man--a noble man--a whole man; a man, in fine,
+of whom no woman need be ashamed. I am aware, you are aware, that the
+world will severely condemn you; so it did Luther, when he married a
+nun; it was then thought to be as great an outrage on decency, for a
+minister to marry a nun, as it now is for a white young lady to marry a
+colored gentleman. You have this consolation, that God does not look
+upon the countenance--the color of men; that in his eye, black and white
+are the same; and consequently, to marry a colored person of
+intelligence and worth is no immorality, and in his eye, no impropriety.
+It is probably the design of Providence in this case, to call the
+attention of the public to the fresh consideration of what is implied in
+the great doctrine of human brotherhood. Is it true or not, that a
+colored man has all the rights of a white man? Is this a question still
+mooted among Abolitionists? If so, then we may as well settle it now as
+at any other time, and though the controversy may be, and must be a very
+painful one to your feelings, yet, the result will be a better
+understanding of the great principles of our common nature and
+brotherhood. Professor Allen is with me in my study, and has detailed to
+me the whole of this outrage against yourself and him, and has also made
+me acquainted with your relations to each other. I extend to you my
+sympathy, I proffer to you my friendship. You have not fallen in my
+estimation, nor in the estimation of Mr. Smith and others in this place.
+Lay not this matter to heart, be not cast down; put your trust in God,
+and he will bring you out of this crucible seven times purified. He in
+mercy designs to promote your spiritual growth and consolation. Keep the
+Saviour in your heart. My good wife sympathises with you. We would be
+glad to see you at our humble home, either before or after your
+marriage. We would try to comfort you; we would bear your burdens, and
+so 'fulfil the law of Christ.'
+
+  "Yours, with fraternal and Christian affection,
+                                            "TIMOTHY STOWE."
+
+On the day after Miss King left for Pennsylvania, I received the
+following note from a friend in Fulton. It is significant, and certainly
+corroborative of the opinion which I have expressed of the Fulton
+people--that they had determined to leave nothing undone by which to
+make their tyranny complete:--
+
+                                   "Fulton, March 5th, 1853.
+
+  "Dear Friend:--
+     "Yesterday I heard from you by a friend
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+     "Mary has gone to Pennsylvania.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+"What we feared was, she would be again imprisoned, and hindered from
+going to Pa. If her relatives and other friends knew of your intentions,
+she would have been put under lock and key as sure as there are _mean
+men_ in Fulton.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+"Professor, they were as mad as wild asses here about that 'resolution
+of Smith's,' especially King's folks.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+I want your miniature--_must have it_. I want to show it to my friends
+that they may see this man whose idle moments in the bower of love sets
+half the world crazy.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+                                 "In friendship, yours,
+
+                                                   "*  *  *"
+
+The Resolution to which reference has been made, is as follows. It was
+presented by the Hon. Gerrit Smith, Member of Congress, from New York,
+at a Convention of "Liberty Party Men," held in Syracuse, about four
+weeks after the mob:--
+
+"Resolved, That the recent outrage committed upon that accomplished and
+worthy man--Professor William G. Allen--and the general rejoicing
+throughout the country therein, evinces that the heart of the American
+people, on the subject of slavery is utterly corrupt, and almost past
+cure."
+
+Now for something spicy. The following letter was written to Elder King
+by a Slaveholder of Mississippi, about five weeks after the mob. The
+Elder re-mailed it to his daughter while she was in Pennsylvania. Having
+become the property of the daughter, and the daughter and I now being
+one, I shall take the liberty of giving this specimen of Southern
+chivalry to the public. The reader shall have it without alteration:--
+
+                                 "Warrenton, Mississippi,
+                                           "March 5th, 1853.
+
+  "Rev. Sir:--
+
+"You cannot judge of my surprise and indignation, on reading an
+Editorial in one of my papers concerning an intending marriage of your
+lovely and accomplished daughter, with a negro man; which thanks to
+providence has been prevented by the excited and enraged populace of the
+enterprising citizens of the good town of Fulton.
+
+"During my sojourn in the state of New York last year, I visited for
+mere curiosity the Mc. Grawville Institute in Cortland Co., which gave
+me an opportunity of seeing your daughter, then a pupil of that equality
+and amalgamated Institute; and I believe in all my travels north, I
+never saw one more interesting and polite to those of her acquaintances.
+
+"I have thought much about your daughter since my return home, and do
+yet, notwithstanding the ignominious connection she has lately escaped
+from. Your daughter--innocent, as I must in charity presume--because
+deluded and deranged by the false teachings of the abolition Institute
+at Mc. Grawville.
+
+"My object in writing to you this letter is to obtain your permission to
+correspond with your daughter if it should be agreeable with herself,
+for I do assure you that I have no other than an honorable intention in
+doing so.
+
+"I reside in Warren County near Warrenton--am the owner of Nine Young
+Negroes in agriculture, who would not exchange their bondage for a free
+residence in the north. I am happy to inform you Revd. Sir that my
+character is such that will bear the strictest investigation, and my
+relations respectable. I am yet young having not yet obtained my 25th
+year.
+
+"Well sir, I am a stranger to both yourself and interesting family, and
+as a matter of course you may desire to know something about the humble
+individual who has thought proper to address you on a subject which
+depends on the future happiness of your daughter. For your Reverence's
+gratification you are at liberty to refer to either or all of the
+following gentlemen, by letter or in person,--viz., Hon. J. E. Sharkey,
+State Senator, Warren Co., P. O., Warrenton, Miss.;--Hon. A. G. Brown,
+Ex-Gov., Miss., now Member of Congress, P. O., Gallatin, Miss.;--Samuel
+Edwards, High Sheriff, Warren Co., P. O., Vicksburg, Miss.;--E. B.
+Scarbrough Clerk, Probate Court, Warren Co., P. O., Vicksburg, Miss.;--M.
+Shannon, Editor, Vicksburg, Miss., Whig;--Geo. D. Prentice, Editor,
+Louisville, Ky., Journal;--and Reed, Brothers, and Co., 177, Market
+Street, Philadelphia.
+
+"Again Rev. Sir, I assure you that in writing you this letter, I only do
+that which is the result of mature deliberation.
+
+                      "I shall wait anxiously your reply,
+                                        "THOS. K. KNOWLAND."
+
+"P. S.--As Messrs. Reed, Brothers, and Co., are the nearest reference to
+whom I refer, I enclose you a letter from them."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+The two letters immediately following were received by Miss K. just
+before she left Pennsylvania for New York. Many other letters were also
+received by both of us, which are not given in this book, but we can
+assure the writers thereof that they have our hearts' gratitude:--
+
+                                  "Fulton, March 27th, 1853.
+
+  "My dear and brave Sister:--
+
+"For two weeks past we have been stopping with Mr. B. Yesterday we
+received four letters--two from my good brother B., and two from
+Pennsylvania, yours and Jane's. Right glad were we to receive those
+welcome favors--those little _epistolary_ angels, telling us of your
+safety, (for safety has of late become quite a consideration) of your
+affection, of your anxiety, and a hundred things more than what were
+written.
+
+"Mary, I judge from your letters and notes--from the tone of them--that
+there are feelings and emotions in your heart utterly beyond the power
+of words to express. You are resolved, and you are happy in your
+resolve, and strong in the providential certainty of its success. Yet
+you tremble for probabilities, or rather for _possibilities_.
+
+"What feelings, dear Mary, you must have in the hour of your departure
+from this country. Through the windows of imagination I can catch a
+glimpse of it all. Your flight is a flight for freedom, and I can almost
+call you _Eliza_. To you this land will become a land of memory. And,
+oh! what memories! But we will talk of this hereafter.
+
+"The remembrance of _friendship unbroken here_,--oh, Mary, let it not
+vanish as the blue hills of your father-land will dim away in the
+distance, while you glide eastward upon the 'free waters.' But let that
+bright remembrance be embodied in _spirit_-form, for ever attending you,
+and pointing back to those still here who hold you high in affection and
+in honor.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+"Mary, I must close. Be firm--strong--brave--unflinching--_just like_
+Mary King.
+
+                          "Yours in the bonds of love,
+                                          "JOHN C. PORTER."
+
+                                  "Fulton, March 27th, 1853.
+
+  "My dear Sister Mary:--
+
+"Almost hourly since you left has your image been before me. And as I
+seat myself to write, thoughts and emotions innumerable come crowding
+for utterance. Gladly would I express them to you, dear Sister, but the
+pen is far too feeble an instrument. Oh, that I could be with you in
+body as in spirit. You need encouragement and strength in this hour; and
+I know that you will receive them,--for you are surrounded by a few of
+the truest and dearest of friends. And you know and have felt, that a
+higher and stronger power than earth can uphold us in every endeavour
+for the right.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+"Mary, do you remember the time when you told me that I must love you
+better than I had ever done before; for friends would forsake you, and
+there would be none left to love you but P., and myself, and your
+father, and Julia, and J. B., and D. S., and S. T.? Our arms were twined
+around each other in close embrace. Your heart was full to overflowing,
+and words gave place to tears. I shall not forget the intense anxiety I
+felt for you at that moment as I tried to penetrate the future, knowing,
+as I did, somewhat of the cruelty of prejudice. It seems we both had a
+foreboding of something that would follow. I do not know that I wept,
+but heaven witnessed and recorded the silent, sacred promise of my heart
+to draw nearer and cherish you with truer fidelity as others turned
+away. And so shall I always feel.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+"Oh, Mary, how little can we imagine the sufferings of the oppressed,
+while we float along on the popular current. I thank God from the depths
+of my soul, that we have launched our barks upon the ocean. Frail they
+are, yet, having right for our beacon, and humanity for our compass, I
+know we shall not be wrecked or go down among the raging elements.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+"Now, dear Sister, farewell, and as you depart from this boasted 'land
+of liberty and equal rights,' and go among strangers, that you may,
+indeed, enjoy liberty, be not despondent, but cheerful, ever remembering
+the message of your angel mother.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+Again, dear sister, farewell,--you know how much we love you, and that
+our deepest sympathies are with you wherever you may be.
+
+                                  "Affectionately yours,
+                                          "SARAH D. PORTER."
+
+I subjoin an extract of a letter which I received from Miss K. a few
+days before our marriage:--
+
+                                "Dolington, Pennsylvania
+                                          "March 21st, 1853.
+
+  "Professor Allen,--
+     "Dearest and best-loved Friend:--
+
+"I have just received your letter of March 13th, and hasten to reply.
+
+"You ask me if I can go with you in four weeks or thereabouts. In reply,
+I say yes; gladly and joyfully will I hasten with you to a land where
+unmolested, we can be happy in the consciousness of the love which we
+cherish for each other. While so far from you, I am sad, lonely, and
+unhappy; for I feel that I have no home but in the heart of him whom I
+love, and no country until I reach one where the cruel and crushing hand
+of Republican America can no longer tear me from you.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+"Professor,--I sometimes tremble when I think of the strong effort that
+would be put forth to keep me from you, should my brothers know our
+arrangements. But my determination is taken and my decision fixed; and
+should the public or my friends ever see fit to lay their commands upon
+me again, they will find that although they have but a weak, defenceless
+woman to contend with, still, that woman is one who will never passively
+yield her rights. _They may mob me; yea, they may kill me; but they
+shall never crush me._
+
+"Heaven's blessings upon all who sympathised with us. I am not
+discouraged. God will guide us and protect us.
+
+                               "Ever yours,
+                                             "MARY."
+
+  '"Thou Friend, whose presence on my wintry heart
+  Fell like bright Spring upon some herbless plain;
+  How beautiful and calm and free thou wert
+  In thy young wisdom, when the mortal chain
+  Of Custom thou did'st burst and rend in twain,
+  And walked as free as night the clouds among."'
+
+Some idea of the spirit of persecution by which we were pursued may be
+gathered from the fact, that when the mobocrats of Fulton ascertained
+that Miss King and myself were having an interview in Syracuse, they
+threatened to come down and mob us, and were only deterred from so doing
+by the promise of Elder King, that he would go after his daughter if she
+did not return in the next train.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER VII.
+
+CONCLUSION.
+
+
+Reader,--I have but a word or two more to say.
+
+Insignificant as this marriage may seem to you, I can assure you that
+nothing else has ever occurred in the history of American prejudice
+against color, which so startled the nation from North to South and East
+to West. On the announcement of the probability of the case merely, men
+and women were panic-stricken, deserted their principles and fled in
+every direction.
+
+Indignation meetings were held in and about Fulton immediately after the
+mob. The following Resolution was passed unanimously in one of them:--
+
+"Resolved,--That Amalgamation is no part of the Free Democracy of
+Granby." (Town near F.)
+
+The Editor of the Fulton newspaper, however, spoke of us with respect.
+Let him be honored. He condemned the mob, opposed amalgamation, but
+described the parties thus,--"Miss King, a young lady of talent,
+education, and unblemished character," and myself, "a gentleman, a
+scholar, and a Christian, and a citizen against whose character nothing
+whatever had been urged."
+
+I have said that some of the Papers regretted that I had not been killed
+outright. I give an extract from the "_Phoenix Democrat_," published in
+the State of New York:--
+
+"This Professor Allen may get down on his marrow bones, and thank God
+that we are not related to Mary King by the ties of consanguinity."
+
+To show that I have not exaggerated the spirit of persecution which
+beset us, I will state that in a few days after Mr. Porter was dismissed
+from his School, he called upon the pastor of the church of which he is
+a communicant; and though without means--the chivalrous people who
+turned him out of his School not having yet paid him up--and knowing
+not whither to go, the pastor assured him that he could not take him in,
+or render him any assistance, so severely did he feel that he would be
+censured by the public.
+
+That Mr. Porter is still pursued by this fiendish spirit, the reader
+will see by the following paragraph of a letter received from him a few
+days since:--
+
+"I have advertised for a School in S----. They would not tolerate me in
+O----, after they found out that I was the Phillipsville School-master.
+I was employed in O---- three months."
+
+Such, reader, is the character of prejudice against color,--bitter,
+cruel, relentless.
+
+
+THE END.
+
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+
+A SHORT
+
+PERSONAL NARRATIVE,
+
+BY
+
+WILLIAM G. ALLEN,
+
+(Colored American,)
+
+  FORMERLY
+  PROFESSOR OF THE GREEK LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE
+  IN NEW YORK CENTRAL COLLEGE
+
+RESIDENT FOR THE LAST FOUR YEARS IN DUBLIN.
+
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+  DUBLIN:
+  SOLD BY THE AUTHOR,
+  AND BY
+  WILLIAM CURRY & CO., 9, UPPER SACKVILLE-STREET, AND
+  J. ROBERTSON, 8 GRAFTON-STREET.
+
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+  1860
+
+  PRICE ONE SHILLING.
+
+  DUBLIN: PRINTED BY ROBERT CHAPMAN,
+  TEMPLE LANE DAME STREET.
+
+
+
+
+PREFACE.
+
+
+In preparing this little narrative, I have not sought to make a book,
+but simply to tell my own experiences both in the slaveholding and
+non-slaveholding States of America, in as few words as possible. The
+facts here detailed throw light upon many phases of American life, and
+add one more to the tens of thousands of illustrations of the terrible
+power with which slavery has spread its influences into the Northern
+States of the Union--penetrating even the inmost recesses of social
+life.
+
+                                                    W. G. A.
+
+  DONNYBROOK, DUBLIN,
+  _January, 1860._
+
+
+
+
+A SHORT PERSONAL NARRATIVE.
+
+
+I was born in Virginia, but not in slavery. The early years of my life
+were spent partly in the small village of Urbanna, on the banks of the
+Rappahannock, partly in the city of Norfolk, near the mouth of the
+James' River, and partly in the fortress of Monroe, on the shores of the
+Chesapeake. I was eighteen years in Virginia. My father was a white man,
+my mother a mulattress, so that I am what is generally termed a
+quadroon. Both parents died when I was quite young, and I was then
+adopted by another family, whose name I bear. My parents by adoption
+were both coloured, and possessed a flourishing business in the fortress
+of Monroe.
+
+I went to school a year and a half in Norfolk. The school was composed
+entirely of coloured children, and was kept by a man of color, a Baptist
+minister, who was highly esteemed, not only as a teacher, but as a
+preacher of rare eloquence and power. His color did not debar him from
+taking an equal part with his white brethren in matters pertaining to
+their church.
+
+But the school was destined to be of short duration. In 1831, Nathaniel
+Turner, a slave, having incited a number of his brethren to avenge their
+wrongs in a summary manner, marched by night with his comrades upon the
+town of Southampton, Virginia, and in a few hours put to death about one
+hundred of the white inhabitants. This act of Turner and his associates
+struck such terror into the hearts of the whites throughout the State,
+that they immediately, as an act of retaliation or vengeance, abolished
+every colored school within their borders; and having dispersed the
+pupils, ordered the teachers to leave the State forthwith, and never
+more to return.
+
+I now went to the fortress of Monroe, but soon found that I could not
+get into any school there. For, though being a military station, and
+therefore under the sole control of the Federal Government, it did not
+seem that this place was free from the influence of slavery, in the form
+of prejudice against color. But my parents had money, which always and
+everywhere has a magic charm. I was also of a persevering habit; and
+what therefore I could not get in the schools I sought among the
+soldiers in the garrison, and succeeded in obtaining. Many of the rank
+and file of the American army are highly educated foreigners; some of
+them political refugees, who have fled to America and become
+unfortunate, oftentimes from their own personal habits. I now learned
+something of several languages, and considerable music. My German
+teacher, a common soldier, was, by all who knew him, reputed to be both
+a splendid scholar and musician. I also now and then bought the services
+of other teachers, which greatly helped to advance me.
+
+Many of the slaveholders aided my efforts. This seems like a paradox;
+but, to the credit of humanity, be it said, that the bad are not always
+bad. One kind-hearted slaveholder, an army officer, gave me free access
+to his valuable library; and another slaveholder, a naval officer, who
+frequented the garrison, presented me, as a gift, with a small but well
+selected library, which formerly belonged to a deceased son.
+
+My experience, therefore, in the State of Virginia, is, in many
+respects, quite the opposite of that which others of my class have been
+called to undergo.
+
+Could I forget how often I have stood at the foot of the market in the
+city of Norfolk, and heard the cry of the auctioneer--"What will you
+give for this man?"--"What for this woman?"--"What for this child?"
+Could I forget that I have again and again stood upon the shores of the
+Chesapeake, and, while looking out upon that splendid bay, beheld ships
+and brigs carrying into unutterable misery and woe men, women and
+children, victims of the most cruel slavery that ever saw the sun; could
+I forget the innumerable scenes of cruelty I have witnessed, and blot
+out the remembrance of the degradation, intellectual, moral and
+spiritual, which everywhere surrounded me--making the country like unto
+a den of dragons and pool of waters--my reminiscence of Virginia were
+indeed a joy and not a sorrow.
+
+Some things I do think of with pleasure. A grand old State is Virginia.
+No where else, in America at least, has nature revealed herself on a
+more munificent scale. Lofty mountains, majestic hills, beautiful
+valleys, magnificent rivers cover her bosom. A genial clime warms her
+heart. Her resources are exhaustless. Why should she not move on?
+Execrated for ever be this wretched slavery--this disturbing force. It
+kills the white man--kills the black man--kills the master--kills the
+slave--kills everybody and everything. Liberty is, indeed, the first
+condition of human progress, and the especial hand-maiden of all that in
+human life is beautiful and true.
+
+I attained my eighteenth year. About this time the Rev. W. H---- of New
+York city visited the fortress of Monroe, and opened a select school. He
+was a white man, and of a kind and benevolent nature. He could not admit
+me into his school, nevertheless he took a deep interest in my welfare.
+He aided my studies in such ways as he could, and, on his return to the
+State of New York (he remained but a short time in Virginia), acquainted
+the Honorable Gerrit Smith, of Peterboro, with my desires. Mr. Smith's
+sympathies were immediately touched on my behalf. He requested the Rev.
+W. H---- to write to me at once, and extend to me an invitation to visit
+the State of New York, enter college, and graduate at his expense--if
+need be.
+
+I have to remark just here that at the time of the visit of the Rev. W.
+H---- to the fortress of Monroe, my parents were in greatly reduced
+circumstances, owing to a destructive fire which had recently taken
+place, and burned to the ground a most valuable property. The fire was
+supposed to be the work of incendiaries--low whites of the
+neighbourhood, who had become envious of my parents' success. There was
+no insurance on the property. Under these circumstances I gladly
+accepted the kind offer of Mr. Smith. His generous nature then and there
+turned towards me in friendship; and, I am happy to be able to add, he
+has ever continued my friend from that day to this.
+
+Mr. Smith is one of the noblest men that America has ever produced; and
+is especially remarkable for his profound appreciation of that sublime
+command of our Saviour, "All things whatsoever ye would that men should
+do to you, do ye even so to them." Where he treads no angel of sorrow
+follows.
+
+He is a man of vast estates--a millionaire. He is also what in America
+is termed a land reformer. He believes that every man should possess an
+inviolable homestead. He himself possesses by inheritance millions of
+acres in the Northern and Eastern States of America; and shows his
+sincerity and consistency by parcelling off from time to time such
+portions of these lands as are available, in lots of forty or fifty
+acres each, and presenting the deeds thereof, free of charge, to the
+deserving landless men, white or black, in the region where the lands in
+question are located. He also long since vacated the splendid Peterboro'
+mansion, into possession of which he came on the death of his father;
+and now resides, himself and family, in a simple cottage near
+Peterboro', with only forty acres attached. His sympathies are not
+bounded by country or clime. He sent into Ireland, during the famine of
+1847, the largest single donation that reached the country from abroad.
+
+He was elected to the United States Congress a few years ago, as one of
+the members for New York, but resigned his seat after holding it only a
+year--probably feeling outraged by the manners and morals, not to say
+superlative wickedness, of so many of his associates. Whatever may have
+been the cause which induced him to resign, he did well to give up his
+post. Nature had evidently not set him to the work. Of great ability,
+winning eloquence, and undoubted moral courage, his heart and temper
+were too soft and apologetic to deal with the blustering tyrants who
+fill too many of the seats of both houses of Congress.
+
+Mr. Smith is truly a great orator. He has in an eminent degree the first
+qualification thereof--a great heart. His voice is a magnificent bass,
+deep, full, sonorous; and, being as melodious as deep, it gives him
+enviable power over the hearts and sympathies of men.
+
+In personal appearance he is extremely handsome. Large and noble in
+stature, with a face not only beautiful, but luminous with the
+reflection of every Christian grace.
+
+He is now engaged in the care of his vast estates, and in his private
+enterprises, scarcely private, since they are all for the public good.
+He is sixty-two years of age. A true Christian in every exalted sense
+of the term, long may he live an honor and a blessing to his race.
+
+Having accepted the invitation of this gentleman, I prepared to leave
+the South. On making arrangements for a passage from Norfolk to
+Baltimore, I found that the "Free Papers" which every man of color in a
+slave state must possess, in order to be able to prove, in case of his
+being apprehended at any time, that he is not an absconding slave, were
+of very little avail. I must needs have a "Pass" as well, or I could not
+leave. However I obtained this document without much trouble, and as it
+is a curious specimen of American literature, I will give it. It does
+not equal, to be sure, the "charming pages" of Washington Irving, but it
+is certainly quite as illustrative in its way:--
+
+
+                                        "Norfolk, Oct. 1839.
+
+"The bearer of this, William G. Allen, is permitted to leave Norfolk by
+the Steam Boat Jewess, Capt. Sutton, for Baltimore.
+
+                                     "Signed, J. F. Hunter
+                    "Agent, Baltimore Steam Packet Company."
+
+
+This document was also countersigned by one of the justices of the
+peace. Really, there is something preposterous about these slaveholders.
+They make all sorts of attempts to drive the free colored people out of
+their borders; but when a man of this class wishes to go of his own
+accord, he must that be _permitted_!
+
+I reached Baltimore in safety, but now found that neither "Free Papers"
+nor "Pass" were of any further use. I desired to take the train to
+Philadelphia _en route_ to New York. I must this time get a white man to
+testify to my freedom, or further I could not go. Or, worse still, if no
+such man could be found, I must be detained in Baltimore and lodged in
+jail! By no means a pleasant prospect. There was no time to be lost. My
+previous experience had taught me this truth--the more we trust, the
+more we are likely to find to trust. Acting upon this principle, and
+putting in practice my studies in physiognomy, I presently found a
+friend among the crowd; who, being satisfied with my statements and the
+documents I presented, kindly gave the desired testimony. The ticket
+seller then recorded my name, age, and personal appearance in his book,
+and delivered me my ticket. I now had no further trouble, and reached
+the college (in the State of New York) in safety.
+
+Remaining at this college (Oneida Institute, Whitesboro') five years, I
+graduated with some honor and little cost to my patron, Mr. Smith. I
+quite paid my way by private tuitions: during one vacation I taught a
+school in Canada.
+
+I cannot leave Oneida Institute without paying the tribute of my heart's
+warmest admiration and love to the President thereof--Reverend Beriah
+Green. America has few such men--men of that true greatness which comes
+from a combination of wisdom and virtue. Wherever found in that country,
+they are the "chosen few," consecrating their energies to the cause of
+Humanity and Religion--nobly and earnestly seeking to rid their country
+of its dire disgrace and shame. President Green still lives. He is a
+profound scholar, an original thinker, and, better and greater than all
+these, a sincere and devoted Christian. To the strength and vigor of a
+man, he adds the gentleness and tenderness of a woman. He has never
+taken an active part in the world of stir and politics; but in the line
+of his proper profession has immeasurably advanced the cause of human
+progress. May such men be multiplied in America, and elsewhere, for
+surely there is need.
+
+Out now in the great world of America, my ambition was to secure a
+professorial chair. That any man having the slightest tinge of color,
+nay, without tinge of color, with only a drop of African blood in his
+veins, let his accomplishments be what they may, should aspire to such a
+position, I soon found was the very madness of madness. But something
+must be done. I repaired at once to the city of Boston, and entered the
+law office of E. G. L----, Esq. a distinguished barrister, who had
+already shown his regard for the colored race by having brought to the
+bar a colored young man--now practising with much success in Boston.
+Black men may practice law--at least in Massachusetts. I remained in the
+office of this gentleman two years, and was just entering my third and
+last year, when, unsolicited on my part and to my great surprise, I
+received the appointment of Professor of the Greek Language and
+Literature in New York Central College--a college of recent date, and
+situated in the town of M'Grawville, near the centre of the State of New
+York. This was the first college in America that ever had the moral
+courage to invite a man of color to occupy a professor's chair; and, so
+far as I know, it is also the only one.
+
+The college was founded by a few noble-minded men, whose object was to
+combat the vulgar American prejudice, which can see no difference
+between a man and his skin. They sought to illustrate the doctrine of
+Human Equality, or brotherhood of the races; to elevate the nation's
+morals, and give it more exalted views of the aims and objects of
+Christianity. Such a college, in the midst of corrupt public sentiment,
+could not fail to meet with the greatest opposition. It was persecuted
+on all sides, and by all parties, showing how deep-seated and virulent
+is prejudice against color. The legislature countenanced the college so
+far as to grant it a charter, and empowered it to confer degrees, but
+would not, seemingly on no earthly consideration, give it the slightest
+pecuniary patronage. The debates which took place in the State House at
+Albany when the bill relating to the college came up for consideration,
+would, in vulgar flings at "negroes," cries of "amalgamation," and such
+like, have disgraced a very assemblage of pagans. However the college
+held on its way, and is still doing its work, though its efficiency is
+of course greatly marred. All the other professors were white; so also
+were the majority of the students.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+I was four years in connexion with this college as professor, and in all
+probability would have been in M'Grawville still, but for the following
+circumstances.
+
+I bethought me now of marriage, having what might be termed good
+prospects in the world. Visiting the town of Fulton, County of Oswego,
+State of New York, about forty miles from New York Central College, on
+an occasion of public interest, I was made the guest of the Rev. L.
+K----, a highly esteemed minister of the gospel, and greatly
+distinguished for his earnest and zealous advocacy of the principles of
+abolition. He was a white man. This gentleman had a large family of sons
+and daughters. A feeling of friendship sprung up between one of his
+daughters and myself on the occasion of this visit, which feeling
+eventually ripened into emotions of a higher and more interesting
+character. The father welcomed me: the mother was long since deceased.
+The parties immediately concerned were satisfied--why should others
+demur? I knew something of prejudice against color, but I supposed that
+a sense of dignity, not to say decency, would deter the most bitterly
+opposed from interference with a matter wholly domestic and private, and
+which, in its relation to the public, was also wholly insignificant. I
+reckoned without my host however. The inhabitants of Fulton had received
+the impression that there was an union in contemplation between the lady
+and myself; and they determined that it should not take place, certainly
+not in their town, nor elsewhere if they could prevent it. They stirred
+the town in every direction, evoking all the elements of hostility, and
+organizing the same into a deadly mob, to act at convenient opportunity.
+I was ignorant of the great length to which this feeling had attained;
+so also were the parties immediately interested in my personal safety. I
+was therefore greatly surprised when, on the occasion of my last visit
+to Fulton, and while in company with the lady, both of us visiting at
+the house of a mutual friend, residing about two miles out of town, a
+party rushed into our presence in hot haste, bidding me, if I wished to
+escape with my life, to "fly with all possible speed!" The party who
+performed this kindly office had scarcely gone, when, on looking out of
+the window, I beheld a maddened multitude approaching--about six hundred
+white men, armed with tar, feathers, poles and an empty barrel spiked
+with shingle nails! In this barrel I was to be put, and rolled from the
+top to the bottom of a hill near by. They also brought a sleigh, in
+which the lady was to be taken back to her father's house. They intended
+no harm to her.
+
+Knowing the character of an American mob, and also knowing how little
+they value the life of a man of color, I expected, as I saw the
+multitude surrounding the house, to die--in fact, prepared for death.
+
+Having assembled about the premises, they began to cry out in the most
+uproarious manner, "Bring him out!" "Kill the Nigger!" "Hang him!" "Tear
+down the house!" Shouts, groans, maledictions of all sorts and degrees
+followed. No one who has not witnessed an American mob can have the
+slightest idea of the scene which presented itself at this point. Had
+six hundred beasts of the forest been loosed together, in one
+promiscuous assemblage, they could scarcely have sent up howls and yells
+and mad noises equal to those made by these infuriated men. There is no
+exaggeration in this statement. For the sake of humanity, I only wish
+there was. Nor were the members of the mob confined entirely to the
+rabble; far from it. Many of its members were also members of a
+Christian church. The mob occurred on a Sabbath evening, about six
+o'clock, so that these men absolutely deserted their pews on purpose to
+enjoy the fun of "hunting the nigger."
+
+There came with this mob a self-constituted committee of gentlemen,
+lawyers, merchants, and leading men of the town, who, although partaking
+of the general feeling of prejudice against color, did not wish, for the
+sake of the reputation of their town, to see bloodshed; besides also
+many of them, I doubt not, entertained feelings of personal friendship
+for myself.
+
+This committee divided itself. One half came up to the drawing-room, and
+advised that the young lady should consent to go home in the sleigh
+provided, and that I should consent to leave the town. Conceding so much
+to the mob, they thought my life might be spared. The other half of the
+committee remained below, to appease the maddened multitude, and deter
+them from carrying their threats into execution.
+
+We agreed to the propositions of the committee. The young lady was taken
+home in the sleigh aforesaid, about one third of the mob following on
+foot, for what purpose I know not. I was then conducted by the committee
+through the mob, many members of which giving me, as I passed, sundry
+kicks and cuffs, but doing me no serious bodily harm. I was next taken
+by the committee to an hotel, where arrangements had been made for my
+reception. The mob followed, hooting and hallooing, the sight of their
+victim seeming to revive their hostile feelings. They would have broken
+into the hotel, had not the proprietor held them back by his threats. He
+was not a friend of mine, but he had agreed to shelter me, and he was,
+of course, determined to protect his property.
+
+The committee then secured the use of two sleighs, one of which they
+placed at the back entrance of the hotel, and the other they caused to
+be driven about four miles out of the town. Into the first sleigh I was
+to get when I could find my opportunity, and be driven to the other
+sleigh, in which I was to be finally conveyed to the town of Syracuse,
+about twenty-five miles distant. I made several attempts to get into the
+sleigh at the back entrance of the hotel, but was driven back by the mob
+every time I made my appearance at the door. Meanwhile the committee
+furnished the mobocrats with spirits to drink, and cigars to smoke, for
+all of which I had to pay. Comment upon this extraordinary act of
+meanness would be entirely out of place. One would have thought that
+these mobocrats would have been content to have mobbed me free of
+expense, at least. Not so it seemed however.
+
+But midnight drew on, and of course the multitude grew weary. Presently,
+seeing my opportunity, I jumped into the sleigh at the back entrance of
+the hotel, drove rapidly off to the second sleigh, and reached the town
+of Syracuse early next morning. Some of the mobocrats attempted chase,
+but soon gave it up.
+
+Had this tumult ended here, I should probably have been in my chair at
+the college today; and the whole affair, so far as it related only to
+myself, would have been regarded by me as merely a bit of an episode in
+my life--of course a most exciting one. But the worst was to come, at
+least so far as it concerned the lady personally; and the very worst it
+would be better to say nothing about.
+
+After we had been disposed of in the manner already described, the next
+step taken by the inhabitants of the town of Fulton was to place the
+lady under a most degraded surveillance. True, she was to continue in
+her father's house, but so overpowering had the mob-spirit become, that
+the mobocrats commanded (and were obeyed!) that no communications should
+be sent to her or from her, unless they had been previously perused and
+sanctioned by duly deputed parties. Nor would they permit any persons to
+call upon her, unless they too had been previously approved.
+
+There was a line of railway between the towns of Fulton and Syracuse.
+Guards were placed by certain individuals at the various stations on the
+line, in order to prevent the possible escape of either party, or rather
+to prevent the possible meeting of the parties, _i.e._, of the lady and
+myself. Meanwhile the telegraphic wires and newspapers spread the news
+throughout the length and breadth of the land; the consequence of all
+which was, I became so notorious that my life was placed in jeopardy
+wherever I went. On one occasion particularly I barely escaped with it.
+
+On the day after the occurrence of the mob, and for several days after,
+the town of Fulton presented a scene of unparallelled excitement. Had
+the good people witnessed the approach of an invading army, but, by some
+lucky chance, succeeded in driving it back, they could not have been
+more extravagant in their demonstrations. Their countenances indicated
+the oddest possible mixture of consternation and joy. Seriously, if one
+can be serious over such details, never before did the contemplated
+marriage of two mortals create such a hubbub.
+
+The inhabitants of Fulton immediately assembled _en masse_, and voted
+unanimously, in congress especially convened for the purpose, that Mr.
+and Mrs. P----, school teachers, our friends, at whose house we were
+being entertained at the time of the mob, "DO GIVE UP THEIR SCHOOL,
+AND LEAVE THE TOWN FORTHWITH." For what crime? None, save that of
+showing us hospitality. Our friends had therefore not only to give up
+their business at an immense pecuniary sacrifice, but had absolutely to
+make off with their lives as best they could.
+
+During all this time the lady who had been thus rudely treated was true
+to her noble and heroic nature; but so much outward pressure, and of
+such an extraordinary character, produced its consequences upon her
+health. It failed, and it became necessary that she should be released
+from her thraldom. Once more at liberty she visited, incognito, the town
+of Syracuse, where I was still tarrying. The mobocrats would not have
+permitted her to have left Fulton in peace, if they had known whither
+she was going.
+
+We met again: reviewed the past and discussed the future. As I am not
+detailing sentiment, but merely stating facts, suffice it to say, that
+we made up our minds that we would not be defeated by a mob.
+
+But to the future. What was to be done? We came to the conclusion that I
+could no longer expect to hold my position in M'Grawville. The college
+had already received a terrible shock by reason of the cry of
+"amalgamation" which had been raised by the mob. And though the trustees
+were willing, at heart, to face the storm of prejudice, worldly wisdom,
+they considered, dictated that they should not incur the odium which
+they could not avoid bringing upon the college, if they persisted in
+retaining me longer as one of their professors. The trustees thought it
+would be better to be cautious, and save the college for the good it
+might do in the future. Such a union as ours was, in fact, but one of
+the logical results of the very principles on which the college was
+founded. I do not profess to sit in judgment, and therefore attempt no
+comment. They were now evidently anxious that I should resign, though,
+of course, they did not express so much to me in words.
+
+I also came to the further conclusion that I could no longer, under the
+circumstances, whatever I might be able to do in future, hold my
+position in the country. For, however willing I might be to endure all
+things in my own person, I felt that I ought not to expose to any
+further danger one who already suffered so much and so heroically for my
+sake. I knew several of the lady's friends who were bitterly opposed to
+our union, solely on account of my color, and who were prepared, if the
+occasion should require it, to go to desperate lengths. They would not
+have hesitated to have sworn her into the lunatic asylum. I therefore
+decided not only to resign my professorship in the college, but also to
+leave the country.
+
+Our plans being now quietly arranged, the lady returned to Fulton, and
+it was then supposed that all communication between us was for ever
+broken off. The mob had ordered that it should be so, and doubtless
+thought it was so. The most mistaken idea they ever entertained. The
+lady remained for a short time in Fulton, and then retired into the
+interior of the state of Pennsylvania. I continued to remain in the town
+of Syracuse.
+
+Soon a favorable opportunity presented itself, and we met in the city of
+New York, on the 30th March, 1853, and then and there asserted our
+rights in due and legal form: after which we immediately took the train
+for Boston.
+
+Owing to the great publicity which the newspapers had given to our
+affairs and the consequent excitement thereon, we found it necessary to
+use the utmost caution, such as walking apart in the streets, and
+travelling in the trains as strangers to each other. It would have been
+fool-hardy to have provoked another mob.
+
+We remained in Boston ten days, quietly visiting among our friends, and
+then set sail for England. Wishing to get out of the country without
+farther ado, we were compelled to submit to many sacrifices, pecuniary
+and otherwise, of which it is not necessary to speak. In England and
+Ireland, including a short trip to Scotland, we have been ever since,
+and have constantly received that generous and friendly consideration
+which, from the reputation of Great Britain and Ireland, we had been led
+to expect; and for which we are grateful.
+
+To go back for a single moment to New York Central College. On receiving
+the appointment to the professorial chair, the pro-slavery newspaper
+press of the country opened a regular assault. The "_Washington Union_"
+thus wrote:
+
+"What a pity that college could not have found white men in all America
+to fill its professors' chairs. What a burning shame that the trustees
+should have been mean enough to rob Mr. L---- of his law student, and
+the Boston bar of its ebony ornament." I was never at the Boston bar,
+and therefore could not have been its ebony ornament. The imagination
+of the editors supplied them with the fact, and that answered their
+purpose as well.
+
+A reverend doctor of divinity writing in a Cincinnati newspaper,
+wondered "how a man of sense could enter that amalgamation college. If
+this professor would go to Liberia and display his eloquence at the bar
+there; or, if he has any of the grace of God in his heart, enter the
+pulpit, he would then be doing a becoming work."
+
+From Augusta, Georgia (Slave State), I received the following document,
+signed by several parties, and containing the picture of a man hanging
+by the neck, under which was written, "Here hangs the Professor of
+Greek!"
+
+  "Augusta, Geo. Nov. 1850.
+
+"Sir,--We perceive you have been appointed Professor of Greek in New
+York Central College. Very well. We also perceive that you have
+occasionally lectured in the North on the 'Probable Destiny of the
+African Race.' Now, Sir, if you will only have the kindness to come to
+Augusta, and visit our hemp yard, you may be sure that your destiny will
+not be _probable_, but certain.
+
+                                                    "Signed,
+
+                                                     ------
+
+                                                     ------
+
+                                                     ------"
+
+Of course I did not go to Augusta, Georgia.
+
+These assaults and attempts at ridicule served to bring me into general
+notice. I soon found that, by reason of them, and without merit or
+effort of my own, I had become known throughout the whole country as
+"the Colored Professor." I had a status. The lady being the daughter of
+a highly respectable minister, she also had a status. To permit
+therefore the union of these parties would be to bring the principle of
+amalgamation into respectability. So reasoned those who attempted to
+reason on behalf, or rather in excuse, of the mob. "We are sorry," they
+went on condescendingly to say, "for Professor Allen, for though a man
+of color, he is nevertheless a gentleman, a Christian and a scholar. But
+this union must not be; the 'proprieties of society,' must not be
+violated!" Here then was the secret of this extraordinary outbreak. Had
+we moved in what these good people would have been pleased to term a
+lower strata of society, they would have let us alone with infinite
+contempt.
+
+The most lamentable feature of this Fulton mob was the fact, that we
+could not, if we had sought it, have secured any redress. No court of
+law in the State would have undertaken to bring to justice the
+perpetrators of this outrage. But on the contrary, such court would have
+been inclined to take sides with the mobocrats, and to justify them in
+the means which they employed wherewith to chastise a colored man who
+had presumed so grossly to violate the "proprieties of society."
+
+Before closing I cannot forebear a further word with regard to New York
+Central College. During the four years I was in connexion with that
+college as professor, I never experienced the slightest disrespect from
+trustees, professors or students. All treated me kindly, so kindly
+indeed that I can truly say that the period of my professorship forms
+one of the pleasantest remembrances of my life. Terrible as prejudice
+against color is, my experience has taught me that it is not invincible;
+though, as it is the offspring of slavery, it will never be fully
+vanquished until slavery has been abolished.
+
+In illustration of the direct influences of slavery as they affect the
+free man of color, I again go back for a single moment. Having spent
+three years at Oneida Institute, I proposed to myself a visit to
+Virginia, to look once more into the faces of beloved parents, relatives
+and friends, to walk again upon the strand at Fortress Monroe, where I
+had so often in childhood beheld the sunbeams play upon the coves and
+inlets, and seen the surf beat upon the rocks. I, at first, had some
+difficulty in getting a passage to Virginia, most of the masters of the
+New York vessels to whom I applied seeming to be of a friendly nature,
+and not willing to expose me to the slave laws of Virginia. I, however,
+succeeded at last--the captain of a Philadelphia vessel consenting to
+land me at the fortress of Monroe. I remained in the home of my
+childhood and youth seven days in peace; but on the morning of the
+eighth day, while walking on the strand, I was rudely assaulted by a
+person who had known me from my infancy. I had always supposed him to be
+a gentleman, and was therefore greatly surprised and shocked. But
+slavery is relentless; it ruins both the morals and the manners. This
+individual, after belaboring me in a savage manner, gave me distinctly
+to understand that unless I left Virginia speedily, I might find myself
+in trouble. He afterwards remarked, as I understood, to his friends that
+"this Allen has been off to an abolition college and returned among us.
+Let us look out for him."
+
+I took the hint; and on the next morning secured the services of a party
+who rowed me off in a small canoe to a vessel lying in the harbor, where
+I bargained with the captain, who, for a handsome sum, consented to take
+me quietly out of the state. I left Virginia at once, and have never
+returned to it since, though I would gladly have done so, as relatives
+and friends near and dear to me have since died, by the side of whose
+death beds I desired to stand. In conclusion I have only to say that
+were I in the United States of America to-morrow, it would be more than
+my life or liberty would be worth to put foot upon the soil of my native
+state. Is this freedom? If it be, then give me slavery indeed.
+
+A word or two with regard to my course in this country. Hitherto my
+income has been derived solely from lectures, tuitions, and such other
+odds and ends of work in my line as my hands could find to do. I desire
+a more permanent settlement for myself and family, and hope that the
+sale of this little narrative may help to create means to that end.
+
+I send it forth therefore, desiring that it may stand upon its own
+merits, at the same time earnestly hoping that it may interest all into
+whose hands it may fall.
+
+  From LORD SHAFTESBURY.
+
+"Lord Shaftesbury sympathizes most heartily with Professor Allen and
+sincerely wishes him success in his undertaking. It will give Lord
+Shaftesbury great pleasure to assist, in any way that he can, a
+gentleman of the colored race, who is a hundred times wiser and better
+than his white oppressors.
+
+  "LONDON, _July, 1854._"
+
+
+  From Rev. I. G. Abeltshauser, LL.D. Trinity College,
+  Dublin, and others;--
+
+                                  "DUBLIN, 14th April, 1856.
+
+"The undersigned having made due enquiry from the most trustworthy
+sources relative to the character and attainments of Professor William
+G. Allen, have much pleasure in recommending him as a gentleman of high
+attainments and honorable character.
+
+  I. G. ABELTSHAUSER, Clk. LL.D. Trin. Col. Dub.
+  WM. URWICK, D. D. 40, Rathmines Road, Dublin.
+  JAMES HAUGHTON, 35 Eccles-street, Dublin.
+  RICHARD ALLEN, Sackville-street, Dublin.
+  JONATHAN PIM, 22, William-street, Dublin.
+  JOHN EVANS, M. D. 38, Richmond-street, Dublin.
+  R. D. WEBB, 176, Great Brunswick-street, Dublin.
+  JOHN R. WIGHAM, 36, Capel-street, Dublin."
+
+
+  From RICHARD D. WEBB, Esq. of Dublin.
+
+                                "DUBLIN, 3rd November, 1858.
+
+  "DEAR MR. ALLEN,
+
+"Your name was familiar to me long before I knew you personally. I had
+often heard of 'Professor W. G. Allen,' who, while connected with the
+Central College, in the State of New York, and respected there as a man
+and a teacher, was obliged to leave his native country for the offence
+of marrying a white lady of respectable family and great excellence of
+character, who is now much liked and esteemed by her numerous friends in
+this city. I became acquainted with you soon after your arrival in
+London; and particularly during your residence in Ireland I have had
+nearly as much opportunity of knowing you as any of your acquaintances
+here. I can truly say, that you have earned the hearty respect of all
+who know you (of whom I have any knowledge), by the industry, energy,
+and self-respect you have evinced in the course of a long and difficult
+battle with those adverse circumstances, with which a comparatively
+unknown and friendless stranger has to contend, in his efforts to effect
+a settlement in a strange country. Your conduct has been industrious,
+honorable and in every way deserving of esteem and sympathy. Some time
+since, in the columns of the 'Anti-Slavery Advocate,' without hint or
+solicitation on your part, I took the liberty to speak of your course as
+I do now; for amongst all the colored Americans with whom my interest in
+the Anti-Slavery cause has made me acquainted--and many of whom are my
+own personal friends--I have known none more deserving of respect and
+confidence than yourself.
+
+                                        "Yours truly,
+                                          "RICHARD D. WEBB."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+Having, in my avocation as lecturer on "The African Race" and
+"America and the Americans," visited nearly the whole of Ireland, I
+respectfully submit the following letters and notices, the letters being
+from gentlemen who kindly presided at the meetings:--
+
+
+  From the Rev. DOCTOR FITZGERALD, Archdeacon of Kildare,
+  (now Lord Bishop of Cork).
+
+"Professor Allen delivered some lectures on the African Race, in
+Kingstown, which seemed to have given general satisfaction. I regret
+that I was unable to attend more than one, but I can truly say that it
+bore evidence of a highly cultivated mind, and imparted valuable
+information in a pleasing form. From what I have seen and heard of
+Professor Allen, I should be glad to think that any testimony of mine
+could be of service to him.
+
+                      "W. FITZGERALD, Archdeacon of Kildare,
+                                  (Now Lord Bishop of Cork.)
+
+  "Dublin, Nov. 1856"
+
+
+  From Rev. DOCTOR URWICK, Dublin.
+
+"I have known Professor Allen since his first coming to Ireland, and
+believe him to be a gentleman of high character and attainments. His
+lecturings, more than one of which I have heard, display much power, and
+by the amount of information they contain, united with a clear and often
+eloquent style, and earnest manner, cannot fail, at once, to interest
+and instruct the audience. I cordially commend him to the confidence and
+kind attention of my friends.
+
+                                                 "W. URWICK.
+
+  "Dublin, Nov. 30, 1857."
+
+
+  From CORK--see "Constitution," "Examiner" and
+  "Reporter," March 1858.
+
+                                       "Cork, Feb. 28, 1858.
+
+  "To WILLIAM G. ALLEN, Esq. late Professor of Greek in
+  New York Central College.
+
+"DEAR SIR--We, the undersigned, having heard your lectures on
+'America' and 'Africa,' and derived therefrom much instruction as well
+as gratification, do, on our own part and that of many of our fellow
+citizens who are anxious to hear you, respectfully request that you will
+give, at least, two lectures more upon these interesting subjects.
+
+  "(Signed)
+  HENRY MARTIN, Congregational Minister.
+  R. W. FORREST (Free Church).
+  RICHD. CORBETT, M. D.
+  J. D. CARNEGIE.
+  HENRY UNKLES.
+  GEORGE BAKER.
+  RICHARD DOWDEN, (Rd.)
+  WILLIAM MAGILL, (Scots' Church).
+  JOSEPH R. GREENE, Professor, Queen's Coll.
+  THOMAS JENNINGS.
+  N. JACKSON, C. E.
+  JOSEPH COLBECK."
+
+
+  From "Belfast News-letter," Dec. 10, 1858.
+
+"REV. DOCTOR COOKE occupied the chair. Professor Allen then
+delivered a lecture of great ability and interest. Dr. Cooke said he had
+listened to a remarkable oration. He was glad he had heard it. He
+thanked Professor Allen, in the name of the meeting, for his truly
+valuable and instructive lecture."
+
+
+  From the DEAN OF WATERFORD.
+
+"Professor W. G. Allen, an American gentleman of color, having visited
+Waterford, delivered two lectures here, one on 'America,' and the other
+on 'Africa and the African Races.' On each occasion I had the pleasure
+to occupy the chair at the meetings held to hear Mr. Allen's lectures,
+which proved most interesting and instructive. The Professor is himself
+a witness that there is nothing in color or race to hinder a man from
+being distinguished for eloquence, good taste, and religious feeling.
+
+"I have seldom heard public addresses which have interested me more, and
+I have no doubt that Mr. Allen's lectures will prove useful, wherever
+they are delivered, in creating an interest on behalf of our fellow men,
+who have suffered so great wrongs from professing Christians, though
+happily no longer at the hands of British subjects.
+
+                                           "EDW. N. HOARE,
+                                          Dean of Waterford.
+
+  "Deanery, Waterford, Jan. 16, 1858."
+
+
+  From Rev. DOCTOR BROWNE, Principal of Kilkenny College.
+
+                            "Kilkenny College, Feb. 3, 1858.
+
+"I have attended Professor Allen's lectures on 'America and the
+Americans,' and on the 'African Races,' and have received much pleasure
+as well as information from the talent and power with which he has
+handled the subjects of which he treated.
+
+"His knowledge, his ardent and impressive manner, and clear melodious
+voice, render him a most pleasing as well as instructive lecturer.
+
+                                   "JOHN BROWNE, Clk. LL.D."
+
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The American Prejudice Against Color, by 
+William G. Allen
+
+*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE AMERICAN PREJUDICE ***
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