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+Project Gutenberg's The Botanical Magazine v 2, by William Curtis
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: The Botanical Magazine v 2
+ or Flower-Garden Displayed
+
+Author: William Curtis
+
+Release Date: January 16, 2006 [EBook #17531]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ASCII
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE BOTANICAL MAGAZINE V 2 ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Jason Isbell, Janet Blenkinship and the Online
+Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This
+file made using scans of public domain works at the
+University of Georgia.)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ THE
+
+ ~BOTANICAL MAGAZINE~;
+
+ OR,
+
+
+ ~FLOWER-GARDEN DISPLAYED~:
+
+
+ IN WHICH
+
+
+ The most Ornamental FOREIGN PLANTS, cultivated in the Open
+ Ground, the Green-House, and the Stove, are accurately represented in
+ their natural Colours.
+
+
+ TO WHICH ARE ADDED,
+
+
+ Their Names, Class, Order, Generic and Specific Characters, according to
+ the celebrated LINNAEUS; their Places of Growth, and Times of
+ Flowering:
+
+
+ TOGETHER WITH
+
+ THE MOST APPROVED METHODS OF CULTURE.
+
+
+ A WORK
+
+
+ Intended for the Use of such LADIES, GENTLEMEN, and
+ GARDENERS, as wish to become scientifically acquainted with the
+ Plants they cultivate.
+
+
+ ~By WILLIAM CURTIS~,
+
+ Author of the FLORA LONDINENSIS.
+
+
+
+
+ ~VOL. II~
+
+
+
+
+ "A Garden is the purest of human Pleasures."
+ VERULAM.
+
+
+ LONDON:
+
+ Printed by COUCHMAN and FRY, Throgmorton-Street,
+
+ For W. CURTIS, at his BOTANIC-GARDEN, Lambeth-Marsh;
+
+ And Sold by the principal Booksellers in Great-Britain and Ireland.
+
+ M DCC XC.
+
+
+
+
+[37]
+
+~Chironia Frutescens. Shrubby Chironia.~
+
+
+_Class and Order._
+
+~Pentandria Monogynia.~
+
+_Generic Character._
+
+_Cor._ rotata. _Pistillum_ declinatum. _Stamina_ tubo corollae
+infidentia. _Antherae_ demum spirales. _Peric._ 2-loculare.
+
+_Specific Character and Synonyms._
+
+CHIRONIA _frutescens_, foliis lanceolatis subtomentosis, calycibus
+campanulatis. _Lin. Syst. Vegetab. p. 229._
+
+CENTAURIUM foliis binis oppositis angustis linearibus, flore magno
+rubente. _Burm. Afric. 205. t. 74. fig. 1._
+
+[Illustration: No 37]
+
+Of the genus _Chironia_, ten species are enumerated in Prof. MURRAY's
+last edition of the _Syst. Vegetab._ of LINNAEUS, exclusive of the
+_Chironia Centaurium_ which we first added to this genus in the 42d
+number of the _Flora Londinensis_.
+
+Of these, the _frutescens_ is the most shewy, and therefore the most
+cultivated.
+
+It is a native of different parts of Africa.
+
+The flowers are produced from June to autumn, and the seeds ripen in
+October. This plant should be placed in an airy glass case in winter,
+where it may enjoy a dry air, and much sun, but will not thrive in a
+warm stove, nor can it be well preserved in a common green-house, because
+a damp moist air will soon cause it to rot.
+
+The seed of this plant should be sown in small pots filled with light
+sandy earth, and plunged into a moderate hot-bed; sometimes the seeds
+will lie a long time in the ground; so that if the plants do not appear
+the same season, the pots should not be disturbed, but preserved in
+shelter till the following spring, and then plunged into a fresh
+hot-bed, which will bring up the plants in a short time if the seeds are
+good. When the plants are fit to remove, they should be transplanted
+into small pots, four or five in each pot, then plunged into a moderate
+hot-bed, where they must have a large share of air in warm weather; when
+they have obtained some strength, they must be gradually inured to the
+open air; when exposed abroad, they should be mixed with such plants as
+require little water, placed in a warm situation, and screened from
+heavy rains, which are apt to rot them. The cuttings of this sort take
+root if properly managed. _Miller's Gard. Dict._
+
+
+
+
+[38]
+
+~Viburnum Tinus. Common Laurustinus.~
+
+
+_Class and Order._
+
+~Pentandria Trigynia.~
+
+_Generic Character._
+
+_Calyx_ 5-partitus, superus. _Cor._ 5-fida. _Bacca_ 1-sperma.
+
+_Specific Character and Synonyms_.
+
+VIBURNUM _Tinus_ foliis integerrimis ovatis: ramificationibus venarum
+subtus villoso-glandulosis. _Lin. Syst. Vegetab. p. 294._
+
+LAURUS sylvestris, corni faeminae foliis subhirsutis. _Bauh. Pin. 461._
+
+The wild Bay-tree. _Park. Parad. p. 400._
+
+[Illustration: No 38]
+
+We scarcely recollect a plant whose blossoms are so hardy as those of
+the Laurustinus, they brave the inclemency of our winters, and are not
+destroyed but in very severe seasons.
+
+The beauties of this most charming shrub can be enjoyed by those only
+who cultivate it at some little distance from town, the smoke of London
+being highly detrimental to its growth.
+
+It is a native of Portugal, Spain, and Italy.
+
+Botanists enumerate many varieties of the Laurustinus, and so
+considerably do some of these differ, that MILLER has been
+induced to make two species of them, which he distinguishes by the names
+of _Virburnum Tinus_ and _V. lucidum_; the last of these is the most
+ornamental, and at the same time the most tender; there are some other
+trifling varieties, besides those, with variegated leaves, or the gold
+and silver-striped.
+
+It is only in very favourable situations that these shrubs ripen their
+seeds in England, hence they are most commonly propagated by layers,
+which readily strike root: MILLER says, that the plants raised
+from seeds are hardier than those produced from layers.
+
+It thrives best in sheltered situations and a dry soil.
+
+
+
+
+[39]
+
+~Franklin's Tartar.~
+
+
+_A Scarlet Bizarre Carnation._
+
+[Illustration: No 39]
+
+The Carnation here exhibited is a seedling raised by Mr.
+FRANKLIN, of Lambeth-Marsh, an ingenious cultivator of these
+flowers, whose name it bears: we have not figured it as the most perfect
+flower of the kind, either in form or size, but as being a very fine
+specimen of the sort, and one whose form and colours it is in the power
+of the artist pretty exactly to imitate.
+
+The _Dianthus Caryophyllus_ or _wild Clove_ is generally considered as
+the parent of the Carnation, and may be found, if not in its wild state,
+at least single, on the walls of Rochester Castle, where it has been
+long known to flourish, and where it produces two varieties in point of
+colour, the pale and deep red.
+
+Flowers which are cultivated from age to age are continually producing
+new varieties, hence there is no standard as to _name_, _beauty_, or
+_perfection_, amongst them, but what is perpetually fluctuating; thus
+the _red Hulo_, the _blue Hulo_, the _greatest Granado_, with several
+others celebrated in the time of PARKINSON, have long since
+been consigned to oblivion; and it is probable, that the variety now
+exhibited, may, in a few years, share a similar fate; for it would be
+vanity in us to suppose, that the Carnation, by assiduous culture, may
+not, in the eye of the Florist, be yet considerably improved.
+
+To succeed in the culture of the Carnation, we must advert to the
+situation in which it is found wild, and this is observed to be dry and
+elevated; hence excessive moisture is found to be one of the greatest
+enemies this plant has to encounter; and, on this account, it is found
+to succeed better, when planted in a pot, than in the open border;
+because in the former, any superfluous moisture readily drains off; but,
+in guarding against too much wet, we must be careful to avoid the
+opposite extreme.
+
+To keep any plant in a state of great luxuriance, it is necessary that
+the soil in which it grows be rich; hence a mixture of light-loam, and
+perfectly rotten horse or cow dung, in equal proportions, is found to
+be a proper compost for the Carnation. Care should be taken that no
+worms, grubs, or other insects, be introduced with the dung; to prevent
+this, the dung, when sifted fine, should be exposed to the rays of the
+sun, on a hot summer's day, till perfectly dry, and then put by in a box
+for use; still more to increase the luxuriance of the plants, water it
+in the spring and summer with an infusion of sheep's dung.
+
+The Carnation is propagated by seeds, layers, and pipings; new varieties
+can only be raised from seed, which, however, is sparingly produced from
+good flowers, because the petals are so multiplied, as nearly to exclude
+the parts of the fructification essential to their production.
+
+"The seed must be sown in April, in pots or boxes, very thin, and placed
+upon an East border.
+
+"In July, transplant them upon a bed in an open situation, at about four
+inches asunder; at the end of August transplant them again upon another
+bed, at about ten inches asunder, and there let them remain till they
+flower: shade them till they have taken root, and in very severe weather
+in winter, cover the bed with mats over some hoops.
+
+"The following summer they will flower, when you must mark such as you
+like, make layers from, and pot them." _Ellis's Gardener's Pocket
+Calendar._
+
+The means of increasing these plants by layers and pipings, are known to
+every Gardener.
+
+Such as wish for more minute information concerning the culture,
+properties, divisions, or varieties, of this flower, than the limits of
+our Work will admit, may consult _Miller's Gard. Dict._ or the _Florists
+Catalogues_.
+
+
+
+
+[40]
+
+~Trillium Sessile. Sessile Trillium.~
+
+
+_Class and Order._
+
+~Hexandria Trigynia.~
+
+_Generic Character._
+
+_Cal._ 3-phyllus. _Cor._ 3-petala. _Bacca_ 3-locularis.
+
+_Specific Character and Synonyms._
+
+TRILLIUM flore sessili erecto. _Lin. Syst. Vegetab. p. 349._
+
+PARIS foliis ternatis, flore sessili erecto. _Gron. virg. 44._
+
+SOLANUM triphyllum. _Pluk. alm. 352. t. 111. f. 6._ _Catesb. car.
+t. 50._
+
+[Illustration: 40]
+
+Of this genus there are three species, all of which are natives of
+North-America, and described by MILLER, in his _Gardener's
+Dictionary_, where the genus is called _American Herb Paris_; but as the
+_Paris_ and _Trillium_, though somewhat similar in the style of their
+foliage, are very different in their parts of fructification, we have
+thought it most expedient to anglicise _Trillium_, it being to the full
+as easily pronounced as _Geranium_, and many other Latin names now
+familiar to the English ear.
+
+This species takes its' trivial name of _sessile_, from the flowers
+having no foot-stalk, but sitting as it were immediately on the end of
+the stalk.
+
+The figure here exhibited was taken from a plant which flowered in my
+garden last spring, from roots sent me the preceding autumn, by Mr.
+ROBERT SQUIBB, Gardener, of Charleston, South-Carolina, who is
+not only well versed in plants, but indefatigable in discovering and
+collecting the more rare species of that country, and with which the
+gardens of this are likely soon to be enriched.
+
+It grows in shady situations, in a light soil, and requires the same
+treatment as the _Dodecatheon_ and _round-leav'd Cyclamen_. We have not
+yet had a fair opportunity of observing whether this species ripens its
+seeds with us: though of as long standing in this country as the
+_Dodecatheon_, it is far less common; hence one is led to conclude that
+it is either not so readily propagated, or more easily destroyed.
+
+
+
+
+[41]
+
+~Calceolaria pinnata. Pinnated Slipper-wort.~
+
+
+_Class and Order._
+
+~Diandria Monogynia.~
+
+_Generic Character._
+
+_Cor._ ringens inflata. _Caps._ 2-locularis, 2-valvis. _Cal._ 4-partitus
+aequalis.
+
+_Specific Character and Synonyms._
+
+CALCEOLARIA _pinnata_ foliis pinnatis. _Lin. Syst. Vegetab. p. 64._
+
+CALCEOLARIA foliis scabiosae vulgaris. _Fewill Peruv. 3, t. 12. fig. 7._
+
+[Illustration: 41]
+
+There being no English name to this plant, we have adopted that of
+_Slipper-wort_, in imitation of _Calceolaria_, which is derived from
+_Calceolus_, a little shoe or slipper.
+
+This species of Calceolaria is one of the many plants introduced into
+our gardens, since the time of MILLER: it is an annual, a
+native of Peru, and, of course, tender: though by no means a common
+plant in our gardens, it is as easily raised from seed as any plant
+whatever. These are to be sown on a gentle hot-bed in the spring; the
+seedlings, when of a proper size, are to be transplanted into the
+borders of the flower-garden, where they will flower, ripen, and scatter
+their seeds; but being a small delicate plant, whose beauties require a
+close inspection, it appears to most advantage in a tan stove, in which,
+as it will grow from cuttings, it may be had to flower all the year
+through, by planting them in succession.
+
+This latter mode of treatment is used by Mr. HOY, Gardener to
+his Grace of Northumberland, at Sion-House, where this plant may be seen
+in great perfection.
+
+
+
+
+[42]
+
+~Camellia Japonica. Rose Camellia.~
+
+
+_Class and Order._
+
+~Monadelphia Polyandria.~
+
+_Generic Character._
+
+_Calyx_ imbricatus, polyphyllus: foliolis interioribus majoribus.
+
+_Specific Character and Synonyms._
+
+CAMELLIA _japonica_ foliis acute serratis acuminatis. _Lin. Syst.
+Vegetab. ed. 14. p. 632._ _Thunberg Fl. Japon. t. 273._
+
+TSUBAKI _Kempfer Amoen. 850. t. 851._
+
+ROSA chinensis. _Ed. av. 2. p. 67. t. 67._
+
+THEA chinensis pimentae jamaicensis folio, flore roseo. _Pet. Gaz. t.
+33. fig. 4._
+
+[Illustration: 42]
+
+This most beautiful tree, though long since figured and described, as
+may be seen by the above synonyms, was a stranger to our gardens in the
+time of MILLER, or at least it is not noticed in the last
+edition of his Dictionary.
+
+It is a native both of China and Japan.
+
+THUNBERG, in his _Flora Japonica_, describes it as growing
+every where in the groves and gardens of Japan, where it becomes a
+prodigiously large and tall tree, highly esteemed by the natives for the
+elegance of its large and very variable blossoms, and its evergreen
+leaves; it is there found with single and double flowers, which also are
+white, red, and purple, and produced from April to October.
+
+Representations of this flower are frequently met with in Chinese
+paintings.
+
+With us, the _Camellia_ is generally treated as a stove plant, and
+propagated by layers; it is sometimes placed in the green-house; but it
+appears to us to be one of the properest plants imaginable for the
+conservatory. At some future time it may, perhaps, not be uncommon to
+treat it as a _Laurustinus_ or _Magnolia_: the high price at which it
+has hitherto been sold, may have prevented its being hazarded in this
+way.
+
+The blossoms are of a firm texture, but apt to fall off long before they
+have lost their brilliancy; it therefore is a practice with some to
+stick such deciduous blossoms on some fresh bud, where they continue to
+look well for a considerable time.
+
+PETIVER considered our plant as a species of Tea tree; future
+observations will probably confirm his conjecture.
+
+
+
+
+[43]
+
+~Cistus incanus. Hoary, or Rose Cistus.~
+
+
+_Class and Order._
+
+~Polyandria Monogynia.~
+
+_Generic Character._
+
+_Corolla_ 5-petala. _Calyx_ 5-phyllus, foliolis duobus minoribus.
+_Capsula_.
+
+_Specific Character and Synonyms._
+
+CISTUS _incanus_ arborescens exstipulatus, foliis spatulatis tomentosis
+rugosis inferioribus basi connatis vaginantibus. _Lin. Syst. Vegetab.
+p. 497._
+
+CISTUS mas angustifolius. _Bauh. Pin. 464._
+
+[Illustration: 43]
+
+Few plants are more admired than the Cistus tribe; they have indeed one
+imperfection, their petals soon fall off: this however is the less to be
+regretted, as they in general have a great profusion of flower-buds,
+whence their loss is daily supplied. They are, for the most part,
+inhabitants of warm climates, and affect dry, sheltered, though not
+shady, situations.
+
+The present species is a native of Spain, and the south of France, and
+being liable to be killed by the severity of our winters, is generally
+kept with green-house plants.
+
+It may be propagated either by seeds, or cuttings; the former make the
+best plants.
+
+
+
+
+[44]
+
+~Cyclamen persicum. Persian Cyclamen.~
+
+
+_Class and Order._
+
+~Pentandria Monogynia.~
+
+_Generic Character._
+
+_Corolla_ rotata, reflexa, tubo brevissimo: fauce prominente. _Bacca_
+tecta capsula.
+
+_Specific Character._
+
+CYCLAMEN _persicum_ foliis cordatis serratis. _Miller's Dict. 4to.
+ed. 6._
+
+[Illustration: 44]
+
+LINNAEUS in this, as in many other genera, certainly makes too
+few species, having only two; MILLER, on the contrary, is
+perhaps too profuse in his number, making eight. The ascertaining the
+precise limits of species, and variety, in plants that have been for a
+great length of time objects of culture, is often attended with
+difficulties scarcely to be surmounted, is indeed a Gordian Knot to
+Botanists.
+
+Our plant is the _Cyclamen persicum_ of MILLER, and has been
+introduced into our gardens long since the European ones; being a native
+of the East-Indies, it is of course more tender than the others, and
+therefore requires to be treated more in the style of a green-house
+plant.
+
+It is generally cultivated in pots, in light undunged earth, or in a
+mixture of loam and lime rubbish, and kept in frames, or on the front
+shelf of a green-house, where it may have plenty of air in the summer,
+but guarded against too much moisture in the winter.
+
+May be raised from seeds in the same manner as the round-leaved Cyclamen
+already figured in this work, p. n. 4.
+
+Flowers early in the spring, and is admirably well adapted to decorate
+the parlour or study.
+
+Varies with fragrant flowers, and the eye more or less red.
+
+
+
+
+[45]
+
+~Crocus vernus. Spring Crocus.~
+
+
+_Class and Order_
+
+~Triandria Monogynia.~
+
+_Generic Character._
+
+_Corolla_ 6-partita, aequalis. _Stigmata_ convoluta.
+
+_Specific Character and Synonyms._
+
+CROCUS _vernus_ foliis latioribus margine patulo. _Jacq. Fl. Austr.
+Vol. 5. app. t. 36._ _Lin. Syst. Vegetab. p. 83. var. sativ._
+
+CROCUS vernus latifolius. _Bauh. Pin. 65, 66._
+
+The Yellow Crocus. _Parkins. Parad. p. 166._
+
+[Illustration: 45]
+
+LINNAEUS considers the Crocus, or Saffron of the shops, which
+blows invariably in the autumn, and the spring Crocus, with its numerous
+varieties (of which PARKINSON, in his Garden of Pleasant
+Flowers, enumerates no less than twenty-seven) as one and the same
+species; other Botanists have considered them as distinct, particularly
+PROF. JACQUIN, whose opinion on this subject we deem the most
+decisive.
+
+We have figured the yellow variety, which is the one most commonly
+cultivated in our gardens, though according to the description in the
+_Flora Austriaca_, the _Crocus vernus_, in its wild state, is usually
+purple or white.
+
+The cultivation of this plant is attended with no difficulty; in a light
+sandy loam, and dry situation, the roots thrive, and multiply so much as
+to require frequent reducing; they usually flower about the beginning of
+March, and whether planted in rows, or patches, on the borders of the
+flower-garden, or mixed indiscriminately with the herbage of the lawn,
+when expanded by the warmth of the sun, they produce a most brilliant
+and exhilirating effect.
+
+The most mischievous of all our common birds, the sparrow, is very apt
+to commit great depredations amongst them when in flower, to the no
+small mortification of those who delight in their culture; we have
+succeeded in keeping these birds off, by placing near the object to be
+preserved, the skin of a cat properly stuffed: a live cat, or some bird
+of the hawk kind confined in a cage, might perhaps answer the purpose
+more effectually, at least in point of duration.
+
+
+
+
+[46]
+
+~Leucojum vernum. Spring Snow-Flake.~
+
+
+_Class and Order._
+
+~Hexandria Monogynia.~
+
+_Generic Character._
+
+_Corolla_ campaniformis, 6-partita, apicibus incrassata, _Stigma_
+simplex.
+
+_Specific Character and Synonyms._
+
+LEUCOJUM _vernum_ spatha uniflora, stylo clavato. _Lin. Syst. Vegetab.
+p. 316._
+
+LEUCOJUM bulbosum vulgare. _Bauh. Pin. 55._
+
+The great early bulbous Violet. _Park. Parad._
+
+[Illustration: 46]
+
+The blossoms of the _Leucojum_ and _Galanthus_, or Snow-Drop, are very
+similar at first sight, but differ very essentially when examined; the
+Snow-Drop having, according to the Linnaean description, a three-leaved
+nectary, which is wanting in the Leucojum; the two genera then being
+very distinct, it becomes necessary to give them different names; we
+have accordingly bestowed on the Leucojum the name of _Snow-Flake_,
+which, while it denotes its affinity to the Snow-Drop, is not
+inapplicable to the meaning of Leucojum.
+
+As the spring Snow-Flake does not increase so fast by its roots, as the
+Snow-Drop, or even the summer Snow-Flake, so it is become much scarcer
+in our gardens; it may, indeed, be almost considered as one of our
+plantae rariores, though at the same time a very desirable one.
+
+It does not flower so soon by almost a month, as the Snow-Drop; but its
+blossoms, which are usually one on each foot-stalk, sometimes two, are
+much larger, and delightfully fragrant.
+
+It is found wild in shady places and moist woods in many parts of
+Germany and Italy. The most proper situation for it is a north or east
+border, soil a mixture of loam and bog earth; but by having it in
+different aspects, this, as well as other plants, may have its flowering
+forwarded or protracted, and, consequently, the pleasure of seeing them
+in blossom, considerably lengthened.
+
+In a favourable soil and situation, it propagates tolerably fast by
+offsets.
+
+
+
+
+[47]
+
+~Amaryllis formosissima. Jacobaean Amaryllis.~
+
+
+_Class and Order._
+
+~Hexandria Monogynia.~
+
+_Generic Character._
+
+_Corolla_ 6-petala, campanulata. _Stigma_ trifidum.
+
+_Specific Character and Synonyms._
+
+AMARYLLIS _formosissima_ spatha uniflora, corolla inaequali petalis
+tribus, staminibus pistilloque declinatis. _Lin. Syst. Vegetab. p. 320._
+
+LILIO-NARCISSUS jacobaeus, flore sanguineo nutante, _Dillen. elth. 195.
+t. 162. f. 196._
+
+The Indian Daffodil with a red flower. _Park. Par. 71. f. 3._
+
+[Illustration: 47]
+
+A native of South-America: according to LINNAEUS, first known in
+Europe in 1593, figured by PARKINSON in 1629, and placed by him
+among the Daffodils; stoves and green-houses were then unknown, no
+wonder therefore it did not thrive long.
+
+"Is now become pretty common in the curious gardens in England, and
+known by the name of Jacobaea Lily; the roots send forth plenty of
+offsets, especially when they are kept in a moderate warmth in winter;
+for the roots of this kind will live in a good green-house, or may be
+preserved through the winter under a common hot-bed frame; but then they
+will not flower so often, nor send out so many offsets as when they are
+placed in a moderate stove in winter. This sort will produce its flowers
+two or three times in a year, and is not regular to any season; but from
+March to the beginning of September, the flowers will be produced, when
+the roots are in vigour.
+
+"It is propagated by offsets, which may be taken off every year; the
+best time to shift and part these roots is in August, that they may take
+good root before winter; in doing of this, there should be care taken
+not to break off the fibres from their roots. They should be planted in
+pots of a middling size, filled with light kitchen-garden earth; and, if
+they are kept in a moderate degree of warmth, they will produce their
+flowers in plenty, and the roots will make great increase." _Miller's
+Gard. Dict._
+
+
+
+
+[48]
+
+~Narcissus triandrus. Reflexed Daffodil.~
+
+
+_Class and Order._
+
+~Hexandria Monogynia.~
+
+_Generic Character._
+
+_Petala_ sex, aequalia. _Nectario_ infundibuliformi, 1-phyllo, _Stamina_
+intra nectarium.
+
+_Specific Character and Synonyms._
+
+NARCISSUS _triandrus_ spatha sub-biflora, floribus cernuis, petalis
+reflexis, staminibus tribus longioribus.
+
+NARCISSUS _triandrus_ spatha sub-uniflora, nectario campanulato crenato
+dimidio petalis breviore, staminibus ternis. _Lin. Syst. Vegetab. p. 317._
+
+NARCISSUS juncifolius, albo flore reflexo. _Clus. app. alt._
+
+The yellow turning Junquilia, or Rush Daffodil. _Parkins. Parad. 93.
+fig. 2, 3._
+
+[Illustration: 48]
+
+The present species of _Narcissus_ is considered by the Nursery-men near
+London as the _triandrus_ of LINNAEUS, which it no doubt is,
+though it does not accord in every particular with his description: his
+_triandrus_ is white, ours is pale yellow, but colour is not in the
+least to be depended on, for it is found to vary in this as in all the
+other species; his _triandrus_ he describes as having in general only
+three stamina, whence the name he has given it; ours, so far as we have
+observed, has constantly six, three of which reach no further than the
+mouth of the tube, a circumstance so unusual, that LINNAEUS
+might overlook it without any great impeachment of his discernment; he
+says, indeed, that it has sometimes six: perhaps, the three lowermost
+ones may, in some instances, be elongated so as to equal the others; if
+he had observed the great inequality of their length, he would certainly
+have mentioned it.
+
+This species is found wild on the Pyrenean mountains; was an inhabitant
+of our gardens in the time of PARKINSON (who has very accurately
+described it, noticing even its three stamina) to which, however, it has
+been a stranger for many years: it has lately been re-introduced, but is
+as yet very scarce. Our figure was taken from a specimen which flowered
+in Mr. LEE's Nursery at Hammersmith.
+
+It grows with as much readiness as any of the others of the genus, and
+flowers in March and April.
+
+
+
+
+[49]
+
+~Soldanella alpina. Alpine Soldanella.~
+
+
+_Class and Order._
+
+~Pentandria Monogynia.~
+
+_Generic Character._
+
+_Corolla_ campanulata, lacero-multifida. _Caps._ 1-locularis, apice
+multidentata.
+
+_Specific Character and Synonyms._
+
+SOLDANELLA _alpina._ _Lin. Syst. Vegetab. p. 194._
+
+SOLDANELLA alpina rotundifolia. _Bauh. Pin. 295._
+
+[Illustration: 49]
+
+Of this genus there is at present only one known species, the _alpina_
+here figured, which is a native of Germany, and, as its name imports, an
+alpine plant.
+
+Its blossoms are bell-shaped, of a delicate blue colour, sometimes
+white, and strikingly fringed on the edge.
+
+It flowers usually in March, in the open ground; requires, as most
+alpine plants do, shade and moisture in the summer, and the shelter of a
+frame, in lieu of its more natural covering snow, in the winter; hence
+it is found to succeed best in a northern aspect: will thrive in an open
+border, but is more commonly kept in pots.
+
+May be increased by parting its roots early in autumn.
+
+
+
+
+
+[50]
+
+~Iris sibirica. Siberian Iris.~
+
+
+_Class and Order._
+
+~Triandria Monogynia.~
+
+_Generic Character._
+
+_Cor._ 6-petala, inaequalis, petalis alternis geniculato-patentibus.
+_Stigmata_ petaliformia, cucullato-bilabiata. _Thunb. Diss. de Iride._
+
+_Specific Character and Synonyms._
+
+IRIS _sibirica_ imberbis foliis linearibus, scapo subtrifloro tereti,
+germinibus trigonis. _Lin. Syst. Vegetab._ _p._ 91.
+
+IRIS pratensis angustifolia, non foetida altior. _Bauh. Pin. 32._
+
+IRIS _bicolor._ _Miller's Dict. ed. 6, 4to._
+
+The greater blue Flower-de-luce with narrow leaves. _Parkins. Parad. p.
+185. fig. 2._
+
+[Illustration: 50]
+
+This species of Iris is a native of Germany and Siberia, and is
+distinguished from those usually cultivated in our gardens by the
+superior height of its stems, and the narrowness of its leaves; from
+which last character it is often, by mistake, called _graminea_; but the
+true _graminea_ is a very different plant.
+
+The _Iris sibirica_ is a hardy perennial, and will thrive in almost any
+soil or situation; but grows most luxuriantly in a moist one, and
+flowers in June.
+
+Is propagated most readily, by parting its roots in autumn.
+
+
+
+
+[51]
+
+~Narcissus major. Great Daffodil.~
+
+
+_Class and Order._
+
+~Hexandria Monogynia.~
+
+_Generic Character._
+
+_Petala_ 6 aequalia: _Nectario_ infundibuliformi, 1-phyllo. _Stamina_
+intra nectarium.
+
+_Specific Character and Synonyms._
+
+NARCISSUS _major_ foliis subtortuosis, spatha uniflora, nectario
+campanulato patulo crispo aequante petala.
+
+NARCISSUS _major_ totus luteus calyce praelongo. _Bauhin Pin. 52._
+
+NARCISSI sylvestris alia icon. _Dodon. Stirp. p. 227._
+
+The great yellow Spanish Bastard Daffodil. _Parkins. Parad. t. 101.
+fig. 1._
+
+[Illustration: 51]
+
+The present species of Daffodil is the largest of the genus, and bears
+the most magnificent flowers, but, though it has long been known in this
+country, it is confined rather to the gardens of the curious.
+
+It is a native of Spain, and flowers with us in April. As its roots
+produce plenty of offsets, it is readily propagated.
+
+It approaches in its general appearance very near to the _Narcissus
+Pseudo-Narcissus_, but differs in being a much taller plant, having its
+leaves more twisted, as well as more glaucous, its flowers (but
+especially its Nectary) much larger, and its petals more spreading; and
+these characters are not altered by culture.
+
+It answers to the _bicolor_ of LINNAEUS in every respect but
+colour, and we should have adopted that name, had not the flowers with
+us been always of a fine deep yellow; we have therefore taken
+BAUHIN's name as the most expressive.
+
+It varies with double flowers.
+
+
+
+
+[52]
+
+~Gentiana acaulis. Large-Flowered Gentian, or Gentianella.~
+
+
+_Class and Order._
+
+~Pentandria Digynia.~
+
+_Generic Character._
+
+_Corolla_ monopetala. _Capsula_ bivalvis, 1-locularis. _Receptaculis_
+2-longitudinalibus.
+
+_Specific Character and Synonyms._
+
+GENTIANA _acaulis_ corolla quinquefida campanulata caulem excedente.
+_Linn. Syst. Vegetab. p. 267._
+
+GENTIANA alpina latifolia magno flore. _Bauh. Pin. 187._
+
+Small Gentian of the Spring. _Park. Par. p. 352. t. 351. f. 3._
+
+[Illustration: 52]
+
+Plants growing in mountainous situations, where they are constantly
+exposed to strong-blowing winds, are always dwarfish; in such
+situations, the present plant has no stalk, whence its name _acaulis_,
+but cultivated in gardens it acquires one.
+
+Most of the plants of this family are beautiful, and, cultivated in
+gardens, in brilliancy of colour none exceed the present species.
+
+As most Alpine plants do, this loves a pure air, an elevated situation,
+and a loamy soil, moderately moist; it is however somewhat capricious,
+thriving without the least care in some gardens, and not succeeding in
+others; at any rate it will not prosper very near London.
+
+It flowers usually in May, and sometimes in the autumn.
+
+Is propagated by parting its roots at the close of summer; but
+MILLER says, the strongest and best plants are produced from
+seed.
+
+
+
+
+[53]
+
+~Cineraria lanata. Woolly Cineraria.~
+
+
+_Class and Order._
+
+~Syngenesia Polygamia Superflua.~
+
+_Generic Character._
+
+_Receptaculum_ nudum. _Pappus_ simplex. _Calyx_ simplex, polyphyllus,
+aequalis.
+
+_Specific Character and Synonyms._
+
+CINERARIA _lanata_ caule suffruticoso, foliis subquinquelobis, subtus
+tomentosis; foliolis ad pedunculos lanatis.
+
+[Illustration: 53]
+
+In the beauty of its blossoms, this species of _Cineraria_, lately
+introduced from Africa, by far eclipses all the others cultivated in our
+gardens; its petals exteriorly are of a most vivid purple, interiorly
+white; this change of colour adds much to the brilliancy of the flower.
+
+What renders this plant a more valuable acquisition to the green-house,
+is its hardiness, its readiness to flower, and the facility with which
+it may be propagated.
+
+It flowers early in the spring, and, by proper management, may be made
+to flower the whole year through; it is sometimes kept in the stove, and
+may be made to flower earlier by that means; but it succeeds better in a
+common green-house, with no more heat than is just necessary to keep out
+the frost, indeed it may be preserved in a common hot-bed frame through
+the winter, unless the weather prove very severe.
+
+Certain plants are particularly liable to be infested with _Aphides_,
+or, in the vulgar phrase, to become lousy, this is one: the only way to
+have handsome, healthy, strong-flowering plants, is to procure a
+constant succession by cuttings, for there is no plant strikes more
+readily; these should be placed in a pot, and plunged into a bed of tan.
+
+
+
+
+[54]
+
+~Anemone sylvestris, Snowdrop Anemony.~
+
+
+_Class and Order._
+
+~Polyandria Polygynia.~
+
+_Generic Character._
+
+_Calyx_ nullus. _Petala_ 6-9. _Semina_ plura.
+
+_Specific Character and Synonyms._
+
+ANEMONE _sylvestris_ pedunculo nudo, feminibus subrotundis, hirsutis,
+muticis. _Linn. Syst. Vegetab. p. 510._
+
+ANEMONE sylvestris alba major. _Bauh. Pin. p. 176._
+
+The white wild broad-leafed Wind-Flower. _Park. Par. 202._
+
+[Illustration: 54]
+
+PARKINSON very accurately notices the striking characters of
+this species of Anemone, which are its creeping roots, its large white
+flowers standing on the tops of the flower-stalks, which sometimes grow
+two together, but most commonly singly; the leaves on the stalk, he
+observes, are more finely divided than those of the root, and its seeds
+are woolly.
+
+MILLER describes it as having little beauty, and therefore but
+seldom planted in gardens; it is true, it does not recommend itself by
+the gaudiness of its colours, but there is in the flowers, especially
+before they expand, a simple elegance, somewhat like that of the
+Snowdrop, and which affords a pleasing contrast to the more shewy
+flowers of the garden.
+
+It flowers in May, and ripens its seeds in June.
+
+It will grow in almost any soil or situation, is propagated by offsets
+from the root, which it puts out most plentifully, so as indeed
+sometimes to be troublesome. Is a native of Germany.
+
+
+
+
+[55]
+
+~Geranium striatum. Striped Geranium.~
+
+
+_Class and Order._
+
+~Monadelphia Decandria.~
+
+_Generic Character._
+
+Monogynia. _Stigmata_ 5. _Fructus_ rostratus 5-coccus.
+
+_Specific Character and Synonyms._
+
+GERANIUM _striatum_ pedunculis bifloris, foliis quinquelobis: lobis
+medio dilatatis, petalis bilobis venosoreticulatus. _Linn. Syst.
+Vegetab. p. 616._
+
+GERANIUM _striatum_ pedunculis bifloris, foliis caulinis trilobis,
+obtuse crenatis. _Miller's Dict._
+
+GERANIUM Romanum versicolor sive striatum.
+
+The variable striped Cranesbill. _Park. Parad. p. 229._
+
+[Illustration: 55]
+
+This species is distinguished by having white petals, finely reticulated
+with red veins, and the corners of the divisions of the leaves marked
+with a spot of a purplish brown colour, which PARKINSON has
+long since noticed.
+
+Is said by LINNAEUS to be a native of Italy, is a very hardy
+plant, flowers in May and June, and may be propagated by parting its
+roots in Autumn, or by seed; prefers a loamy soil and shady situation.
+
+
+
+
+[56]
+
+~Geranium lanceolatum. Spear-Leaved Geranium.~
+
+
+_Class and Order._
+
+~Monadelphia Decandria.~
+
+_Generic Character._
+
+Monogyna. _Stigmata_ 5. _Fructus_ rostratus 5-coccus.
+
+_Specific Character and Synonyms._
+
+GERANIUM _glaucum_ calycibus monophyllis, foliis lanceolatis
+integerrimis glaucis, caule erecto suffruticoso. _Linn. Syst. Vegetab.
+p. 614. Supp. Pl. p. 306._
+
+[Illustration: 56]
+
+This elegant and very singular species of _Geranium_ appears to have
+been first cultivated in this country; its introduction was attended
+with circumstances rather unusual. Mr. LEE, Nurseryman of the
+Vineyard, Hammersmith, in looking over some dried specimens in the
+Possession of Sir JOSEPH BANKS, which he had recently received
+from the Cape of Good Hope, was struck with the singular appearance of
+this Geranium, no species having before been seen in this country with
+spear-shaped leaves; on examining the specimens attentively, he
+perceived a few ripe seeds in one of them, those he solicited, and
+obtained; and to his success in making them vegetate, we are indebted
+for the present species.
+
+The shape of the leaf readily suggested the name of _lanceolatum_, an
+epithet by which it has been generally distinguished in this country,
+and which, from its extreme fitness, we have continued, notwithstanding
+young Professor LINNAEUS has given it that of _glaucum_, though,
+at the same time, his illustrious father had distinguished another
+species by the synonymous term of _glaucophyllum_.
+
+This species rarely ripens its seeds with us, and is therefore to be
+raised from cuttings, which however are not very free to strike.
+
+It has been usual to keep it in the stove, but we have found by
+experience, that it succeeds much better in a common green-house, in
+which it will flower during the whole of the summer. Small young plants
+of this, as well as most other Geraniums, make the best appearance, and
+are therefore to be frequently obtained by cuttings.
+
+
+
+
+[57]
+
+~Papaver orientale. Eastern Poppy.~
+
+
+_Class and Order._
+
+~Polyandria Monogynia.~
+
+_Generic Character._
+
+_Cor._ 4-petala. _Cal._ 2-phyllus. _Capsula,_ 1-locularis sub stigmate
+persistente poris dehiscens.
+
+_Specific Character and Synonyms._
+
+PAPAVER _orientale_ capsulis glabris, caulibus unifloris scabris
+foliosis pinnatis serratis. _Linn. Syst. Vegetab. p. 490._
+
+Papaver orientale hirsutissimum, magno flore. _Tournes. cor. 17.
+itin. 3. p. 127. t. 127._
+
+[Illustration: 57]
+
+Most of the plants of this tribe are distinguished by the splendour of
+their colours, most of them also are annuals, in gaiety of colour none
+exceed the present species; but it differs in the latter character, in
+having not only a perennial root, but one of the creeping kind, whereby
+it increases very much, and by which it is most readily propagated.
+
+Though a native of the East, as its name imports, it bears the severity
+of our climate without injury, flowers in May, and as its blossoms are
+extremely shewy, it gives great brilliancy to the flower-garden or
+plantation; prefers a dry soil.
+
+
+
+
+[58]
+
+~Iris spuria. Spurious Iris.~
+
+
+_Class and Order._
+
+~Triandria Monogynia.~
+
+_Generic Character._
+
+_Corolla_ 6-petala, inaequalis, petalis alternis geniculato-patentibus.
+_Stigmata_ petaliformia, cucullato-bilabiata. _Conf. Thunb._ _Diss. de
+Iride._
+
+_Specific Character and Synonyms._
+
+IRIS _spuria_ imberbis foliis linearibus, scapo subtrifloro tereti,
+germinibus hexagonis. _Linn. Syst. Vegetab. p. 91._ _Jacq. Fl. austr.
+tab. 4._
+
+IRIS pratensis angustifolia, folio foetido. _Bauh. Pin. 32._
+
+The greater blue Flower-de-luce with narrow leaves. _Park. Parad. p.
+184._
+
+[Illustration: 58]
+
+Some plants afford so little diversity of character, that an expressive
+name can scarcely be assigned them; such is the present plant, or
+LINNAEUS would not have given it the inexpressive name of
+_spuria_, nor we have adopted it.
+
+This species is distinguished by the narrowness of its leaves, which
+emit a disagreeable smell when bruised, by the colour of its flowers,
+which are of a fine rich purple inclining to blue, and by its hexangular
+germen.
+
+It is a native of Germany, where, as Professor JACQUIN informs
+us, it grows in wet meadows; is a hardy perennial, thrives in our
+gardens in almost any soil or situation, flowers in June, and is
+propagated by parting its roots in Autumn.
+
+
+
+
+[59]
+
+~Mesembryanthemum bicolorum. Two-Coloured Fig-Marigold.~
+
+
+_Class and Order._
+
+~Icosandria Pentagynia.~
+
+_Generic Character._
+
+_Cal._ 5-fidus. _Petala_ numerosa, linearia. _Caps._ carnosa, infera,
+polysperma.
+
+_Specific Character and Synonyms._
+
+MESEMBRYANTHEMUM _bicolorum_ foliis subulatis punctatis laevibus
+distinctis, caule frutescente, corollis bicoloribus. _Linn. Syst.
+Vegetab. p. 470._
+
+MESEMBRYANTHEMUM tenuifolium fruticescens, flore croceo. _Dill. Elth.
+267. t. 202. f. 258._
+
+[Illustration: 59]
+
+Contrary to the _Mesembryanthemum dolabriforme_, lately figured in this
+work, this species expands its flowers in the day-time, and that only
+when the sun shines powerfully on them; on such occasions, the blossoms
+on the top of the branches being very numerous, exhibit a most splendid
+appearance.
+
+It is a native of the Cape of Good Hope, flowers in July, and is most
+readily propagated by cuttings.
+
+Like most of the Cape plants, it requires the shelter of a green-house
+during the winter.
+
+
+
+
+[60]
+
+~Lathyrus odoratus. Sweet Pea, or Vetchling.~
+
+
+_Class and Order._
+
+~Diadelphia Decandria.~
+
+_Generic Character._
+
+_Stylus_ planus, supra villosus, superne latior. _Cal._ laciniae
+superiores 2-breviores.
+
+_Specific Character and Synonyms._
+
+LATHYRUS _odoratus_ pedunculis bifloris, cirrhis diphyllis, foliolis
+ovato-oblongis, leguminibus hirsutis, _Linn. Syst. Vegetab. p. 663._
+
+LATHYRUS distoplatyphyllos hirsutus mollis, magno et peramaeno flore
+odoro. _Comm. hort. 2. p. 219. t. 80._
+
+[Illustration: 60]
+
+There is scarcely a plant more generally cultivated than the _Sweet
+Pea_, and no wonder, since with the most delicate blossoms it unites an
+agreeable fragrance.
+
+Several varieties of this plant are enumerated by authors, but general
+cultivation extends to two only, the one with blossoms perfectly white,
+the other white and rose-coloured, commonly called the _Painted Lady
+Pea_.
+
+The Sweet Pea is described as a native of Sicily, the Painted Lady
+Variety as an inhabitant of Ceylon; they have both been introduced since
+the time of PARKINSON and EVELYN.
+
+It is an annual, and not a very tender one; seedling plants sown in
+Autumn frequently surviving our winters.
+
+As it is desirable to have this plant in flower for as great a length of
+time as possible, to have them early, we must sow them in the Autumn,
+either in pots or in the open border; if sown in pots, they can the more
+readily be secured from any severe weather, by placing them in a hot-bed
+frame, a common practice with gardeners who raise them for the London
+markets, in which they are in great request: others again should be sown
+early in the spring, and the sowings repeated every month; they grow
+readily in almost any soil or situation, and by this means may be had to
+flower most of the year through.
+
+If sown in pots, care must be taken to water them frequently.
+
+
+
+
+[61]
+
+~Iris ochroleuca. Tall Iris.~
+
+
+_Class and Order._
+
+~Triandria Monogynia.~
+
+_Generic Character._
+
+_Corolla_ 6-petala, inaequalis, petalis alternis geniculato-patentibus.
+_Stigmata_ petaliformia, cucullato-bilabiata. _Thunb. Diss. de Iride._
+
+_Specific Character and Synonyms._
+
+IRIS _ochroleuca_ imberbis foliis ensiformibus, scapo subtereti
+germinibus hexagonis. _Lin. Syst. Vegetab. p. 90._
+
+[Illustration: 61]
+
+Of the several species of Iris cultivated in our gardens, this excels in
+point of height; we have taken our English name therefore from this
+character, and not from the term _ochroleuca_, which, if translated,
+would be too expressive of the colour of the blossoms of the _Iris
+Pseudacorus_, with which the _ochroleuca_ has some affinity in point of
+size as well as colour.
+
+Notwithstanding Mr. MILLER's description of his _orientalis_
+accords very badly with that of LINNAEUS's _ochroleuca_, they
+have been generally considered in this country as one and the same
+plant, distinguished by the name of POCOCKE's Iris, Dr.
+POCOCKE being the person who, according to MILLER, in
+his time first introduced it from _Carniola_ (by inadvertence spelt
+_Carolina_, in the 6th 4to edition of the Dictionary). There are
+grounds, however, for suspecting some error in the habitat of this
+plant, for had it grown spontaneously in Carniola, it is not probable
+that SCOPOLI would have omitted it in his _Flora Carniolica_.
+
+Leaving its place of growth to be more accurately ascertained hereafter,
+we shall observe, that it appears perfectly naturalized to this country,
+growing luxuriantly in a moist rich soil, and increasing, like most of
+the genus, very fast by its roots. It flowers later than most of the
+others.
+
+
+
+
+[62]
+
+~Centaurea glastifolia. Woad-Leaved Centaurea.~
+
+
+_Class and Order._
+
+~SyngenesiA Polygamia Superflua.~
+
+_Generic Character._
+
+_Receptaculum_ setosum. _Pappus_ simplex. _Corollae_ radii
+infundibuliformes, longiores, irregulares.
+
+_Specific Character and Synonyms._
+
+CENTAUREA _glastifolia_ calycibus scariosis, foliis indivisis
+integerrimis decurrentibus. _Lin. Syst. Veg. p. 787._ _Gmelin Sib. 2.
+p. 83._
+
+CENTAURIUM majus orientale erectum, glasti folio, flore luteo. _Comm.
+rar. 39. t. 39._
+
+[Illustration: 62]
+
+Assumes the name of _glastifolia_ from the similitude which the leaves
+bear to those of the _Isatis tinctoria_, or _Woad_, _Glastum_ of the old
+Botanists.
+
+In this plant we have an excellent example of the _Folium decurrens_ and
+_Calyx scariosus_ of LINNAEUS, the leaves also exhibit a curious
+phenomenon, having veins prominent on both their sides; the scales of
+the calyx are moreover distinguished by a beautiful silvery appearance,
+which it is difficult to represent in colours.
+
+It is a native of the East, as well as of Siberia; flowers with us in
+July, in the open border, and is readily propagated by parting its roots
+in autumn, which are of the creeping kind: requires no particular
+treatment.
+
+MILLER, in the last 4to edition of his Dictionary, enumerates a
+_Cent. glastifolia_; but his description in detail, by no means accords
+with the plant.
+
+
+
+
+[63]
+
+~Fragaria monophylla. One-Leaved Strawberry, or Strawberry of
+Versailles.~
+
+
+_Class and Order._
+
+~Icosandria Polygynia.~
+
+_Generic Character._
+
+_Calyx_ 10-fidus. _Petala_ 5. _Receptaculum_ feminum ovatum, baccatum,
+deciduum.
+
+_Specific Character and Synonyms._
+
+FRAGARIA _monophylla_ foliis simplicibus. _Lin. Syst. Veg. p. 476._
+_Le Fraisier de Versailles. Duchesne Hist. nat. des Frais, p. 124._
+
+[Illustration: 63]
+
+The first mention made of this Strawberry, we find in
+DUCHESNE'S _Histoire naturelle des Fraisiers_, where we have
+its complete history, and from which we learn, that it was originally
+raised by him at Versailles, in the Year 1761, from seeds of the Wood
+Strawberry.
+
+From France this plant has been conveyed to most parts of Europe; how it
+has happened we know not, but it is certainly very little known in this
+country: in the 14th edit of the _Syst. Veg._ of LINNAEUS, it appears as
+a species under the name of _monophylla_, originally imposed on it by
+DUCHESNE; LINNAEUS, however, has his doubts as to its being a species
+distinct from the _vesca_, and, in our humble opinion, not without
+reason; for it can certainly be regarded as a very singular variety
+only; its origin indeed is a proof of this; in addition to which we may
+observe, that plants raised from the runners will sometimes, though very
+rarely indeed, have three leaves instead of one: and it is observed by
+the very intelligent author of the _Hist. nat._ abovementioned, that
+seedling plants sometimes produced leaves with three divisions, like
+those of the Wood Strawberry. Besides the remarkable difference in the
+number of the leaves in this plant, the leaves themselves are observed
+to be much smaller in the winter season, and their ribs less branched;
+the runners also are slenderer and more productive, and the fruit in
+general more oblong or pyramidal. As an object of curiosity, this plant
+is deserving a place in every garden of any extent; nor is its
+singularity its only recommendation, its fruit being equal to that of
+the finest Wood Strawberry, with which it agrees in the time of its
+flowering, fruiting, and mode of treatment.
+
+
+
+
+[64]
+
+~Hemerocallis fulva. Tawny Day-Lily.~
+
+
+_Class and Order._
+
+~Hexandria Monogynia.~
+
+_Generic Character._
+
+_Corolla_ campanulata: tubo cylindrico. _Stamina_ declinata.
+
+_Specific Character and Synonyms._
+
+HEMEROCALLIS _fulva_ foliis lineari-subulatis carinatis, corollis
+fulvis. _Lin. Syst. Vegetab. p. 339._
+
+LILIUM rubrum asphodeli radice. _Bauh. Pin. 80._
+
+The gold red Day-Lily. _Park. Parad. p. 148. t. 149. f. 5._
+
+[Illustration: 64]
+
+According to LINNAEUS, this species is a native of China.
+
+It has long been inured to our climate, and few plants thrive better in
+any soil or situation, but a moist soil suits it best; its leaves on
+their first emerging from the ground, and for a considerable time
+afterwards, are of the most delicate green imaginable; the appearance
+which the plant assumes at this period of its growth is, indeed, so
+pleasing, that it may be said to constitute one half of its beauty; its
+blossoms which appear in July and August, are twice the size of those of
+the _flava_, of a tawny orange colour, without gloss or smell, the
+Petals waved on the edge, the flowers are rarely or never succeeded by
+ripe Capsules as in the _flava_, which is a circumstance that has been
+noticed by PARKINSON; when these several characters, in which
+the _fulva_ differs so essentially from the _flava_, are attentively
+considered, we shall wonder that LINNAEUS could entertain an
+idea of their being varieties of each other.
+
+The _Hemerocallis fulva_, from its size, and from the great
+multiplication of its roots, is best adapted to large gardens and
+plantations.
+
+May be propagated by parting its roots in Autumn.
+
+
+
+
+[65]
+
+~Clematis integrifolia. Entire-Leaved Clematis, or
+Virgins-Bower.~
+
+
+_Class and Order._
+
+~Polyandria Polygynia.~
+
+_Generic Character._
+
+_Cal._ 0. _Petala_ 4. rarius 5.--vel 6. _Sem._ caudata.
+
+_Specific Character and Synonyms._
+
+CLEMATIS _integrifolia_ foliis simplicibus ovato-lanceolatis, floribus
+cernuis. _Lin. Syst. Vegetab. p. 512._
+
+CLEMATITIS coerulea erecta. _Bauh. Pin. 300._
+
+CLEMATIS coerulea Pannonica. The Hungarian Climer. _Park. Parad. p. 393._
+
+[Illustration: 65]
+
+The _Clematis integrifolia_ is not an uncommon plant in the nurseries
+about London, and is deserving a place in gardens, if not for the beauty
+of its flowers, at least for their singularity.
+
+It is a native of Germany, flowers in July, and is one of those hardy
+perennials which suit most people, requiring little more than an
+introduction.
+
+Is propagated by parting its roots in Autumn.
+
+
+
+
+[66]
+
+~Passiflora alata. Winged Passion-Flower.~
+
+
+_Class and Order._
+
+~Gynandria Pentandria.~
+
+_Generic Character._
+
+Trigyna. _Cal._ 5-phyllus. _Petala_ 5. _Nectarium_ corona. _Bacca_
+pedicellata.
+
+_Specific Character._
+
+PASSIFLORA _alata_ foliis indivisis cordatis integerrimis, petiolis
+quadriglandulosis, cauli membranaceo tetragono.
+
+[Illustration: 66]
+
+This species of Passion-flower is one of those which have been
+introduced into the English gardens since the time of MILLER;
+if it does not equal the _coerulea_ in elegance, it excels it in
+magnificence, in brilliancy of colour, and in fragrance, the blossoms
+being highly odoriferous: as yet, it is by no means so general in this
+country, as its extraordinary beauty merits, we have seen it flower this
+year, both summer and autumn, in great perfection in the stove of our
+very worthy friend JAMES VERE, Esq. Kensington-Gore; at the
+Physic Garden, Chelsea; and at Mr. MALCOM's, Kennington; at
+Chelsea, in particular, it afforded the richest assemblage of foliage
+and flowers we ever saw.
+
+It appears to the greatest advantage, when trained up an upright pole,
+nearly to the height of the back of the stove, and then suffered to run
+along horizontally.
+
+By some it has been considered as a variety only of the _Passiflora
+quadrangularis_, others, with whom we agree in opinion, have no doubt of
+its being a very distinct species; it differs from the _quadrangularis_,
+in having leaves more perfectly heart-shaped, and less veiny; in having
+four glands on the foot-stalks of the leaves, instead of six; and in not
+producing fruit with us, which the _quadrangularis_ has been known
+frequently to do.
+
+The Nursery-men report, that this species was first raised in this
+country, by a gentleman in Hertfordshire, from West-India seeds.
+
+The usual mode of propogating it here, is by cuttings.
+
+
+
+
+[67]
+
+~Mesembryanthemum pinnatifidum. Jagged-Leaved Fig-Marigold.~
+
+
+_Class and Order._
+
+~Icosandria Pentagynia.~
+
+_Generic Character._
+
+_Cal._ 5-fidus. _Petala_ numerosa linearia. _Caps._ carnosa infera
+polysperma.
+
+_Specific Character._
+
+MESEMBRYANTHEMUM _pinnatifidum_ foliis pinnatifidis. _Linn. Syst.
+Vegetab. p. 470. Suppl. p. 260._
+
+[Illustration: 67]
+
+This species of _Mesembryanthemum_, so different in the shape of its
+foliage from all the others hitherto introduced into this country, is
+first described in the _Supplementum Plantarum_ of the younger
+LINNAEUS, from which we learn that it grew in the Upsal Garden,
+into which it was most probably introduced by professor
+THUNBERG, as on his authority it is mentioned as a native of
+the Cape of Good Hope.
+
+Mr. ZIER, Apothecary, of Castle-Street, was so obliging as to
+present me this summer with the seeds of this curious plant, I sowed
+them in a pot of earth, plunged in a tan pit, whose heat was nearly
+exhausted; they quickly vegetated, and though the summer was far
+advanced, they proceeded rapidly into flower, and bid fair to produce
+ripe seeds, as the Capsules have long since been formed.
+
+The whole plant is sprinkled over with glittering particles like the ice
+plant, to which it bears some affinity in its duration, being an annual
+and requiring the same treatment.
+
+The blossoms are small and yellow, and if the weather be fine, open
+about two or three o'clock in the afternoon, the stalks are of a bright
+red colour, and the foliage yellowish green.
+
+
+
+
+[68]
+
+~Sempervivum arachnoideum. Cobweb Houseleek.~
+
+
+_Class and Order._
+
+~Dodecandria Dodecagynia.~
+
+_Generic Character._
+
+_Cal._ 12-partitus. _Petala_ 12. _Caps._ 12. polyspermae.
+
+_Specific Character._
+
+SEMPERVIVUM _arachnoideum_ foliis pilis intertextis, propaginibus
+globosis. _Linn. Syst. Vegetab. p. 456._
+
+SEDUM montanum tomentosum. _Bauh. Pin. 284._
+
+[Illustration: 68]
+
+By the old Botanists, this plant was considered as a _Sedum_; and to
+this day it is generally known in the gardens by the name of the _Cobweb
+Sedum_, though its habit or general appearance, independent of its
+fructification, loudly proclaims it a _Houseleek_.
+
+In this species the tops of the leaves are woolly; as they expand they
+carry this woolly substance with them, which being thus extended,
+assumes the appearance of a cobweb, whence the name of the plant.
+
+Like most of the Houseleeks it is best kept in a pot, or it will grow
+well and appear to great advantage on a wall or piece of rock-work; the
+more it is exposed to the sun, the more colour will enliven its stalks
+and foliage, and the more brilliant will be its flowers; the latter make
+their appearance in July.
+
+It is propagated by offsets which it sends forth in abundance.
+
+It is no uncommon practice to treat this beautiful species of Houseleek,
+as a native of a warm climate; under such an idea we have seen it nursed
+up in stoves, while the plant spontaneously braves the cold of the
+Switzerland Alps.
+
+
+
+
+[69]
+
+~Rosa muscosa. Moss Rose.~
+
+
+_Class and Order._
+
+~Icosandria Polygynia.~
+
+_Generic Character._
+
+_Petala_ 5. _Cal._ urceolatus, 5-fidus, carnosus, collo coarctatus.
+_Sem._ plurima, hispida, calycis interiori lateri affixa.
+
+_Specific Character and Synonyms._
+
+ROSA _muscosa_ caule petiolisque aculeatis, pedunculis calycibusque
+pilosissimis. _Miller's Dict._
+
+[Illustration: 69]
+
+If there be any one genus of plants more universally admired than the
+others, it is that of the Rose--where is the Poet that has not
+celebrated it? where the Painter that has not made it an object of his
+imitative art?
+
+In the opinion of MILLER, the Moss Rose, or Moss Province, as
+it is frequently called, is a perfectly distinct species;
+LINNAEUS considers it as a variety only of the _centifolia_: as
+it is found in our Nurseries in a double state only, and as we are
+ignorant of what country it is the produce, the decision of this matter
+must be left to future observation and inquiry.
+
+Though it may not increase so fast by suckers, nor be increased so
+readily by layers, as the _centifolia_, there is no difficulty in
+propagating it either way; the latter mode is usually adopted.
+
+
+
+
+[70]
+
+~Mesembryanthemum barbatum. Bearded Fig-Marigold.~
+
+
+_Class and Order._
+
+~Icosandria Pentagynia~.
+
+_Generic Character._
+
+_Cal._ 5-fidus. Petala numerosa, linearia. _Caps._ carnosa, infera,
+polysperma.
+
+_Specific Character and Synonyms._
+
+MESEMBRYANTHEMUM _barbatum_, foliis subovatis papulosis distinctis,
+apice barbatis. _Lin. Syst. Vegetab. p. 469._
+
+MESEMBRYANTHEMUM radiatum, ramulis prolixis recumbentibus. _Dillen.
+Hort. Elth. 245. t. 190. f. 234._
+
+[Illustration: 70]
+
+The leaves of this species have small hairs, issuing like rays from
+their points, whence its name of _barbatum_; there are two others
+figured by DILLENIUS, whose leaves have a great similarity of
+structure, and which are considered by LINNAEUS as varieties of
+this species; our plant is the _Stellatum_ of MILLER's _Dict._
+_ed._ 6. 4_to_.
+
+Like most of this tribe it inhabits the Cape, flowers in July, and is
+readily propagated by cuttings.
+
+
+
+
+[71]
+
+~Statice sinuata. Purple-cup't Statice, or Thrift.~
+
+
+_Class and Order._
+
+~Pentandria Pentagynia.~
+
+_Generic Character._
+
+_Cal._ 1-phyllus, integer, plicatus, scariosus. _Petala_ 5. _Sem._ 1.
+superum.
+
+_Specific Character and Synonyms._
+
+STATICE _sinuata_ caule herbaceo, foliis radicalibus alternatim pinnato
+sinuatis: caulinis ternis triquetris subulatis decurrentibus. _Lin.
+Syst. Vegetab._ _p._ 301.
+
+LIMONIUM peregrinum foliis asplenii. _Bauh. Pin. 192._
+
+LIMONIUM Rauwolfii Marsh Buglosse. _Parkins. Parad. p. 250._
+
+[Illustration: 71]
+
+That this singular species of _Statice_ was long since an inhabitant of
+our gardens, appears from PARKINSON, who in his _Garden of
+Pleasant Flowers_, gives an accurate description of it, accompanied with
+an expressive figure; since his time it appears to have been confined to
+few gardens: the nurserymen have lately considered it as a
+newly-introduced species, and sold it accordingly.
+
+It is one of those few plants whose calyx is of a more beautiful colour
+than the corolla (and which it does not lose in drying); it therefore
+affords an excellent example of the _calyx coloratus_, as also of
+_scariosus_, it being sonorous to the touch.
+
+Being a native of Sicily, Palestine, and Africa, it is of course liable
+to be killed with us in severe seasons, the common practice is therefore
+to treat it as a green-house plant, and indeed it appears to the
+greatest advantage in a pot; it is much disposed to throw up new
+flowering stems; hence, by having several pots of it, some plants will
+be in blossom throughout the summer; the dried flowers are a pretty
+ornament for the mantle-piece in winter.
+
+Though a kind of biennial, it is often increased by parting its roots,
+but more advantageously by seed; the latter, however, are but sparingly
+produced with us, probably for the want, as PARKINSON expresses
+it, "of sufficient heate of the Sunne."
+
+
+
+
+[72]
+
+~Helleborus lividus. Livid or Purple Hellebore.~
+
+
+_Class and Order._
+
+~Polyandria Polygynia.~
+
+_Generic Character._
+
+_Cal._ nullus. _Petala_-5. sive plura. _Nectaria_ bilabiata, tubulata.
+_Caps._ polyspermae, erectiusculae.
+
+_Specific Character._
+
+HELLEBORUS _lividus_ caule multifloro folioso, foliis ternatis. _Ait.
+Hort. Kew. ined. 2. p. 272._
+
+[Illustration: 72]
+
+It is not a little extraordinary that this plant which has for many
+years been cultivated in this country, should have escaped the notice of
+LINNAEUS; it is equally wonderful that we should at this moment
+be strangers to its place of growth.
+
+Having three leaves growing together, it has been considered by many as
+the _trifoliatus_ of LINNAEUS but his _trifoliatus_ is a very
+different plant, a native of Canada, producing small yellow flowers.
+
+It has been usual to treat this species as a green-house plant, or at
+least to shelter it under a frame in the winter; probably it is more
+hardy than we imagine.
+
+It is propagated by parting its roots in autumn, and by seeds, though
+few of the latter in general ripen, nor do the roots make much
+increase--to these causes we must doubtless attribute its present
+comparative scarcity.
+
+It flowers as early as February; on which account, as well as that of
+its singularity, it is a very desirable plant in collections.
+
+
+
+
+INDEX.
+
+In which the Latin Names of the Plants contained in the _Second Volume_
+are alphabetically arranged.
+
+
+ _Pl._
+
+ 47 Amaryllis formosissima.
+ 54 Anemone sylvestris.
+ 41 Calceolaria pinnata.
+ 42 Camellia japonica.
+ 62 Centaurea glastifolia.
+ 37 Chironia frutescens.
+ 53 Cineraria lanata.
+ 43 Cistus incanus.
+ 65 Clematis integrifolia.
+ 45 Crocus vernus.
+ 44 Cyclamen persicum.
+ 39 Dianthus Caryophyllus, var.
+ 63 Fragaria monophylla.
+ 52 Gentiana acaulis.
+ 55 Geranium striatum.
+ 56 ---- lanceolatum.
+ 72 Helleborus lividus.
+ 64 Hemerocallis fulva.
+ 61 Iris ochroleuca.
+ 50 ---- sibirica.
+ 58 ---- spuria.
+ 60 Lathyrus odoratus.
+ 46 Leucojum vernum.
+ 70 Mesembryanthemum barbatum.
+ 59 ---- bicolorum.
+ 67 ---- pinnatifidum.
+ 51 Narcissus major.
+ 48 ---- triandrus.
+ 57 Papaver orientale.
+ 66 Passiflora alata.
+ 69 Rosa muscosa.
+ 49 Soldanella alpina.
+ 68 Sempervivum arachnoideum.
+ 71 Statice sinuata.
+ 40 Trillium sessile.
+ 38 Viburnum Tinus.
+
+
+
+
+INDEX.
+
+In which the English Names of the Plants contained in the _Second
+Volume_ are alphabetically arranged.
+
+
+ _Pl._
+
+
+ 47 Amaryllis Jacobean.
+ 54 Anemony Snowdrop.
+ 42 Camellia Rose.
+ 43 Centaurea woad-leaved.
+ 37 Chironia shrubby.
+ 53 Cineraria woolly.
+ 43 Cistus, hoary or rose.
+ 65 Clematis, or Virgin's-bower entire-leaved.
+ 45 Crocus spring.
+ 44 Cyclamen Persian.
+ 51 Daffodil great.
+ 48 ---- reflexed.
+ 64 Day-lily tawny.
+ 39 Franklin's Tartar.
+ 70 Fig-marigold bearded.
+ 67 ---- jagged-leaved.
+ 59 ---- two-coloured.
+ 52 Gentian large-flowered, or Gentianella.
+ 56 Geranium spear-leaved.
+ 55 ---- striped.
+ 68 Houseleek cobweb.
+ 72 Hellebore, livid or purple.
+ 50 Iris Siberian.
+ 58 ---- spurious.
+ 61 ---- tall.
+ 38 Laurustinus common.
+ 66 Passion-flower winged.
+ 60 Pea, or Vetchling sweet.
+ 57 Poppy eastern.
+ 69 Rose moss.
+ 41 Slipper-wort pinnated.
+ 46 Snow-flake spring.
+ 49 Soldanella alpine.
+ 63 Strawberry one-leav'd.
+ 40 Trillium sessile.
+ 71 Thrift purple-cup't.
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Botanical Magazine v 2, by
+William Curtis
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