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+The Project Gutenberg eBook, Arkansas Governors and United States
+Senators, by John L. Ferguson
+
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+
+
+
+Title: Arkansas Governors and United States Senators
+
+
+Author: John L. Ferguson
+
+
+
+Release Date: December 31, 2005  [eBook #17433]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ISO-646-US (US-ASCII)
+
+
+***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK ARKANSAS GOVERNORS AND UNITED
+STATES SENATORS***
+
+
+E-text prepared by Shannon Seyler
+
+
+
+ARKANSAS GOVERNORS AND UNITED STATES SENATORS
+
+by
+
+John L. Ferguson
+State Historian
+
+Arkansas History Commission
+Little Rock
+
+1970
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+INTRODUCTORY
+
+This list of Arkansas governors and United States senators, with
+brief biographies of each person who has served in these offices, is
+intended to benefit students and others who have expressed interest in
+a published summary of such information. We have omitted the dozens of
+"acting governors," including some who served for substantial periods
+of time, as well as senators who held office only briefly. Copies of
+this publication are free, and the material is not copyrighted or
+restricted.
+
+
+
+GOVERNORS OF THE TERRITORY OF ARKANSAS
+
+On March 2, 1819, Arkansas was legally separated from Missouri and
+became the Territory of Arkansas. The act became effective on July 4
+following. During the territorial period the governors were appointed
+by the President of the United States, with the approval of the United
+States Senate, for terms of three years.
+
+
+1. James Miller, 1819-1824
+
+Lawyer, soldier. Born in New Hampshire, 1776. Educated at Amherst
+Academy and Williams College, Massachusetts. Admitted to bar, 1803.
+Married Martha Ferguson, 1801; two children. Married Ruth Flint, 1806;
+five children.
+
+Commissioned major of infantry in regular army, 1808. Lieutenant
+colonel, 1810; colonel, 1812; brigadier general, 1814. Hero of Battle
+of Lundy's Lane, Canada, 1814. Received Congressional gold medal for
+gallantry, 1814. Resigned from army, 1819.
+
+Governor of Arkansas, 1819-1824. United States collector of customs,
+Salem, Massachusetts, 1824-1849. Died 1851.
+
+
+2. George Izard, 1825-1828
+
+Soldier. Born in England, 1776. Attended military schools in England,
+Germany, and France. Commissioned lieutenant in artillerists and
+engineers, United States Army, 1794. Captain, 1799. Resigned from
+army, 1803. Married Elizabeth Carter Shippen, 1803; three children.
+
+Accepted new commission as colonel of artillery, 1812. Brigadier
+general, 1813; major general, 1814. Honorably discharged, 1815.
+Governor of Arkansas from 1825 until his death in 1828.
+
+
+3. John Pope, 1829-1835
+
+Lawyer. Born in Virginia, 1770. Married Ann Henry Christian, c.1795.
+Married Elizabeth Johnson, 1810; two children. Married Frances Watkins
+Walton, 1820.
+
+State senator, Kentucky, 1798-1799, 1825-1829. Member, Kentucky House
+of Representatives, 1802, 1806-1807, 1823-1825. United States senator
+from Kentucky, 1807-1813. Professor of law, Transylvania University,
+1813-1816. Secretary of State of Kentucky, 1816-1819. Governor of
+Arkansas, 1829-1835. Congressman from Kentucky, 1837-1843. Died 1845.
+
+
+4. William S. Fulton, 1835-1836
+
+Lawyer. Born in Maryland, 1795. Graduated from Baltimore College, 1813.
+Moved to Tennessee after serving in War of 1812. Admitted to bar, 1817.
+Military secretary to General Andrew Jackson in Florida campaign of
+1818. Moved to Alabama, 1820. Married Matilda Nowland, 1823; four
+children.
+
+Elected judge of county court, Florence, Alabama, 1822. Secretary
+of Territory of Arkansas, 1829-1835. Last governor of Territory of
+Arkansas, 1835-1836. United States senator from Arkansas, 1836-1844.
+Died 1844.
+
+
+
+GOVERNORS OF THE STATE OF ARKANSAS
+
+Arkansas was admitted to the Union as the twenty-fifth state on June
+15, 1836. From 1836 until 1874, governors were elected for four-year
+terms. During the remainder of our history the term of office has been
+two years.
+
+
+1. James S. Conway, 1836-1840
+
+Planter, surveyor, Democrat. Born in Tennessee, 1798. Came to Arkansas
+from Missouri, 1820. Married Mary Jane Bradley, 1826; six children.
+
+First surveyor-general of Arkansas Territory. Inaugurated as first
+governor of the State of Arkansas, September 13, 1836. In 1840 retired
+to "Walnut Hill," his plantation in Lafayette County. Died 1855.
+
+
+2. Archibald Yell, 1840-1844
+
+Lawyer, Democrat. Born in Tennessee, 1797 or 1799. Served in War of
+1812, and in Seminole War of 1818. Married Mary Scott, 1821; two
+children. Married Ann Jordan Moore, 1827; four children. Married Maria
+Ficklin, 1836.
+
+Member, Tennessee House of Representatives, 1827. Came to Arkansas
+1831. Receiver at federal land office in Little Rock, 1831-1832. Moved
+to Fayetteville, 1834. Territorial judge, 1835-1836. Congressman,
+1836-1839, 1845-1847. Governor, 1840-1844.
+
+Left Congress in 1846 to become colonel of First Arkansas Volunteer
+Cavalry, Mexican War. Killed at Battle of Buena Vista, Mexico, 1847.
+
+
+3. Thomas S. Drew, 1844-1849
+
+Planter, peddler, lawyer, Democrat. Born in Tennessee, 1802. Came to
+Arkansas 1818. Clerk of Clark County, 1823-1825. Moved to what is now
+Randolph County, 1826. Married Cinderella Bettis, 1826, five children.
+
+Judge of Lawrence County, 1832-1833. Delegate to Arkansas
+constitutional convention, 1836. Governor, 1844-1849. Resigned as
+governor, 1849, and returned to Pocahontas. Moved to Hood County,
+Texas, after death of his wife in 1872. Died in Texas, 1879.
+
+
+4. John S. Roane, 1849-1852
+
+Planter, lawyer, Democrat. Born in Tennessee, 1817. Attended Cumberland
+College, Princeton, Kentucky. Came to Arkansas 1837, settled at Pine
+Bluff. Moved to Van Buren 1842. Speaker, Arkansas House of
+Representatives, 1844-1845.
+
+Served in Mexican War. Returned to Pine Bluff, 1848. Governor,
+1849-1852. Married Mary K. Smith, 1855; five children. Brigadier
+general, Confederate Army. Died 1867.
+
+
+5. Elias N. Conway, 1852-1860
+
+Surveyor, public official, Democrat. Born in Tennessee, 1812; younger
+brother of Governor James S. Conway. Came to Arkansas from Missouri
+1833. Territorial auditor, 1835-1836. State auditor, 1836-1849.
+Governor, 1852-1860. Never married. Died 1892.
+
+
+6. Henry M. Rector, 1860-1862
+
+Planter, lawyer, Independent Democrat. Born in Kentucky, 1816. Came to
+Arkansas from Missouri, 1835; settled in Hot Springs. Married Ernestine
+Flora Linde, 1860; one child.
+
+Appointed federal marshal, 1842. State senator, 1848-1852. Moved
+to Little Rock, 1854. Member, House of Representatives, 1854-1855.
+Associate justice, Supreme Court, 1859-1860. Governor, 1860-1862.
+Delegate, constitutional convention of 1874. Died 1899.
+
+
+7. Harris Flanagin, 1862-1865
+
+Lawyer, Confederate. Born in New Jersey, 1817. Moved to Clark County,
+Arkansas, from Illinois, 1837. Married Martha E. Nash, 1851; five
+children.
+
+Member, House of Representatives, 1842-1843. Delegate, secession
+convention, 1861. Colonel, Confederate Army. Governor, 1862-1865.
+Delegate, constitutional convention of 1874. Died 1874.
+
+
+8. Isaac Murphy, 1864-1868
+
+Teacher, lawyer, Unionist Democrat. Born in Pennsylvania, 1799.
+Settled in Tennessee, 1830; came to Arkansas 1834. Married Angelina A.
+Lockhart, 1830; eight children.
+
+Member, House of Representatives, Washington County, 1848-1849. Went to
+California 1849, returned 1853. Moved to Huntsville, Madison County,
+1854. State senator, 1856-1857.
+
+Delegate, secession convention of 1861; only member who refused to
+vote for secession of Arkansas from the Union. Served with Union Army,
+1861-1863. Organized Unionist state government in Little Rock, 1864;
+served as governor until displaced by Radical Republicans, 1868. Died
+in Huntsville, 1882.
+
+
+9. Powell Clayton, 1868-1871
+
+Civil engineer, soldier, Republican. Born in Pennsylvania, 1833.
+Educated in the common schools, the Partridge Military Academy in
+Bristol, Pennsylvania, and in an engineering school at Wilmington,
+Delaware. Moved to Kansas, 1855; became city engineer of Leavenworth,
+Kansas, 1859.
+
+Brigadier general, Union Army; came to Arkansas with army during Civil
+War. At close of war, settled on a cotton plantation near Pine Bluff.
+Married Adeline McGraw, 1865; five children.
+
+Governor, 1868-1871; resigned in 1871 to become United States senator
+for term ending 1877. Moved from Little Rock to Eureka Springs, 1882.
+United States ambassador to Mexico, 1897-1905. Lived in Washington,
+D.C. from 1912 until his death in 1915.
+
+Note: The unexpired portion of Powell Clayton's term as governor,
+      1871-1873, was completed by Ozra A. Hadley, president of the
+      State Senate.
+
+
+10. Elisha Baxter, 1873-1874
+
+Lawyer, Republican. Born in North Carolina, 1827. Married Harriet
+Patton, 1849; six children. Came to Arkansas 1852, settled in
+Batesville. Member, House of Representatives, 1854-1855, 1858-1859.
+Prosecuting attorney, 1861-1862.
+
+Raised and commanded Fourth Arkansas Mounted Infantry Regiment (Union)
+during Civil War. Elected to State Supreme Court, 1864, and then to
+United States Senate, but not allowed to take his seat. Circuit judge,
+1868-1873. Governor, 1873-1874; his term of office was cut short by the
+Brooks-Baxter War and the adoption of a new state constitution. Died
+1899.
+
+
+11. Augustus H. Garland, 1874-1877
+
+Lawyer, Democrat. Born in Tennessee, 1832. His parents came to what
+is now Miller County, Arkansas, 1833; later the family located in
+Washington, Hempstead County. Educated in a private school at
+Washington; at St. Mary's College, Lebanon, Kentucky; and at St.
+Joseph's College, Bardstown, Kentucky, where he graduated 1849. Married
+Virginia Saunders, 1853; eight children. Moved to Little Rock, 1856.
+
+Delegate, secession convention, 1861. Delegate to Provisional Congress
+of Confederate States, 1861; Confederate congressman, 1861-1864;
+Confederate States senator, 1864-1865. Governor, 1874-1877. United
+States senator, 1877-1885. Attorney General of the United States under
+President Grover Cleveland, 1885-1889; first Arkansan to hold a cabinet
+post. Died 1899.
+
+
+12. William R. Miller, 1877-1881
+
+Lawyer, Democrat. Born at Batesville, Arkansas, 1823. Clerk of
+Independence County, 1848-1854. Married Susan Elizabeth Bevens, 1849;
+seven children.
+
+State auditor, 1854-1855, 1857-1860, 1861-1864, 1866-1868, 1874-1877,
+1887. Accountant of Real Estate Bank of Arkansas, 1855-1856. Governor,
+1877-1881; first native Arkansan to hold office. Died 1887.
+
+
+13. Thomas J. Churchill, 1881-1883
+
+Planter, soldier, lawyer, Democrat. Born in Kentucky, 1824. Educated at
+St. Mary's College and Transylvania University. Served in Mexican War.
+Moved to Arkansas 1848, acquired a plantation near Little Rock. Married
+Anne Maria Sevier, 1849; six children.
+
+Postmaster at Little Rock, 1857-1861. Major general, Confederate Army;
+commanded at the Battle of Arkansas Post, 1863. State treasurer,
+1874-1881. Governor, 1881-1883. Died 1905.
+
+
+14. James H. Berry, 1883-1885
+
+Lawyer, Democrat. Born in Alabama, 1841. When he was seven, his father
+moved to Carrollton, Carroll County, Arkansas. Attended Berryville
+Academy. Served in Confederate Army; lost a leg at Battle of Corinth.
+Married Elizabeth Quaile, 1865; six children. Moved to Bentonville,
+1869.
+
+Served in House of Representatives from Carroll County, 1866-1867; from
+Washington and Benton Counties, 1873-1874. Speaker of the House, 1874.
+Circuit judge, 1878-1882. Governor, 1883-1885. United States senator,
+1885-1907. Died 1913.
+
+
+15. Simon P. Hughes, 1885-1889
+
+Lawyer, Democrat. Born in Tennessee, 1830. Moved to Pulaski County,
+Arkansas, with his parents, 1844. Educated in Tennessee, 1846-1849.
+Returned to Arkansas 1849 and became a farmer. Sheriff, Monroe County,
+1854-1856. Began practice of law at Clarendon, 1857. Married Ann E.
+Blakemore, 1857; nine children.
+
+Lieutenant Colonel, Confederate Army. Member, House of Representatives
+from Monroe County, 1866-1867. Delegate, constitutional convention of
+1874. Attorney general, 1874-1877. Governor, 1885-1889. Associate
+justice, Supreme Court, 1889-1904. Died 1906.
+
+
+16. James P. Eagle, 1889-1893
+
+Planter, minister, Democrat. Born in Tennessee, 1837. Came with parents
+to Pulaski County, Arkansas, 1839. Moved to what is now Lonoke County,
+1857. Lieutenant Colonel, Confederate Army. Ordained to Baptist
+ministry, 1869.
+
+Member, House of Representatives, 1873-1874, 1877; Speaker of the
+House, 1885. Delegate, constitutional convention of 1874. Married Mary
+Kavanaugh Oldham, 1882. Governor, 1889-1893. President, Arkansas
+Baptist State Convention, 1880-1904. President, Southern Baptist
+Convention, 1902-1904. Died 1904.
+
+
+17. William M. Fishback, 1893-1895
+
+Lawyer, Democrat. Born in Virginia, 1831. Graduated from University of
+Virginia; studied law in Richmond. Came to Arkansas from Illinois 1858;
+settled at Fort Smith.
+
+Delegate, secession convention, 1861. Went to Missouri 1862 and took
+oath of allegiance to Union. Elected to United States Senate from
+Arkansas 1864, but not allowed to take his seat. Married Adelaide
+Miller, 1867; six children.
+
+Delegate, constitutional convention of 1874. Member, House of
+Representatives, Sebastian County, 1877, 1879. Governor, 1893-1895.
+Died 1903.
+
+
+18. James P. Clarke, 1895-1897
+
+Lawyer, Democrat. Born in Mississippi, 1854. Graduated from law school,
+University of Virginia. Came to Arkansas 1879; opened law office in
+Helena. Married Sallie Moore Wooten, 1883; three children.
+
+Member, House of Representatives, Phillips County, 1887. State senator,
+1889, 1891. Attorney general, 1893-1895. Governor, 1895-1897. United
+States senator, 1903-1916. Died 1916.
+
+
+19. Dan W. Jones, 1897-1901
+
+Lawyer, Democrat. Born in Texas, 1839. Moved with parents to
+Washington, Arkansas, 1840. Colonel, Confederate Army. Married Margaret
+P. Hadley, 1864; seven children.
+
+Prosecuting attorney, 1874-1876. Attorney general, 1885-1889. Member,
+House of Representatives, Pulaski County, 1891, 1915. Governor,
+1897-1901. Died 1918.
+
+
+20. Jeff Davis, 1901-1907
+
+Lawyer, Democrat. Born in what is now Little River County, Arkansas,
+1862. Educated in common schools; preparatory department, Arkansas
+Industrial University; law school, Vanderbilt University. Received law
+degree, Cumberland University. Married Ina McKenzie, 1882; twelve
+children. Married Leila Carter, 1911.
+
+Practiced law at Russellville, Arkansas. Prosecuting attorney,
+1890-1894. Attorney general, 1899-1901. Governor, 1901-1907; first
+governor to be elected to more than two terms. United States senator,
+1907-1913. Died 1913.
+
+
+21. John S. Little, 1907-1909
+
+Lawyer, Democrat. Born at Jenny Lind, Sebastian County, Arkansas, 1851.
+Attended Cane Hill College, Cane Hill, Arkansas. Married Elizabeth J.
+Irwin, 1877; five children.
+
+Prosecuting attorney, 1877-1884. Member, House of Representatives,
+Sebastian County, 1885. Circuit judge, 1886-1887. Congressman,
+1894-1907. Governor, 1907-1909. Soon after his inauguration, he
+suffered a nervous collapse and was unable to perform his duties for
+the remainder of his term. Died 1916.
+
+
+22. George W. Donaghey, 1909-1913
+
+Building contractor, banker, Democrat. Born in Louisiana, 1856. Came to
+Union County, Arkansas with his parents when a child. Worked as a
+farmer and cowboy in Texas. Moved to Conway, 1874; became a carpenter
+and contractor. Attended Arkansas Industrial University (now the
+University of Arkansas). Married Louvinia Wallace, 1883.
+
+Governor, 1909-1913. Philanthropist, business and civic leader for many
+years. Died 1937.
+
+
+23. Joseph T. Robinson, 1913
+
+Lawyer, Democrat. Born near Lonoke, Arkansas, 1872. Educated in the
+common schools; Arkansas Industrial University; and the law department
+of the University of Virginia. Admitted to bar 1895; commenced practice
+in Lonoke. Married Ewilda Gertrude Miller, 1896.
+
+Member, House of Representatives, Lonoke County, 1895. Congressman,
+1903-1913. Governor, 1913; resigned to become United States senator,
+1913-1937. Democratic leader in Senate, 1923-1937. Democratic nominee
+for vice-president of the United States, 1928. Died 1937.
+
+
+24. George W. Hays, 1913-1917
+
+Lawyer, Democrat. Born near Camden, Arkansas, 1863. Graduated from
+Washington And Lee University. Married Ida Virginia Yarborough, 1895;
+two children.
+
+County judge, Ouachita County, 1901-1905. Circuit judge, 1906-1913.
+Governor, 1913-1917. Died 1927.
+
+
+25. Charles H. Brough, 1917-1921
+
+Educator, Democrat. Born in Mississippi, 1876. B.A., Mississippi
+College, 1893; Ph.D., Johns Hopkins University, 1898; LL.B., University
+of Mississippi, 1902. Married Anne Wade Roark, 1908.
+
+Professor of economics and sociology, University of Arkansas,
+1904-1916. Governor 1917-1921. Chautauqua lecturer. President, Central
+Baptist College, Conway, 1928-1929. Died 1935.
+
+
+26. Thomas C. McRae, 1921-1925
+
+Lawyer, banker, Democrat. Born at Mount Holly, Union County, Arkansas,
+1851. Graduated from Soule Business College, New Orleans, 1869; LL.B.,
+Washington and Lee University, 1872. Married Amelia Ann White, 1874;
+nine children.
+
+Member, House of Representatives, Nevada County, 1877. Congressman,
+1885-1903. Delegate, constitutional convention of 1917-1918. Governor,
+1921-1925. Died 1929.
+
+
+27. Tom J. Terral, 1925-1927
+
+Lawyer, Democrat. Born in Louisiana, 1882. Attended University of
+Kentucky; LL.B., University of Arkansas, 1910. Married Eula Terrell,
+1914.
+
+Secretary, Arkansas Senate, 1913, 1915. Secretary of State, 1917-1921.
+Governor, 1925-1927. Died 1946.
+
+
+28. John E. Martineau, 1927-1928
+
+Lawyer, Democrat. Born in Missouri, 1873. A.B., Arkansas Industrial
+University, 1896; graduated, University law school, 1899. Married Mrs.
+Anne Holcomb Mitchell, 1909. Married Mrs. Mabel Erwin Thomas, 1919.
+
+Member, House of Representatives, Pulaski County, 1903, 1905.
+Chancellor, 1907-1927. Governor, 1927-1928; resigned to become United
+States district judge, 1928-1937. Died 1937.
+
+
+29. Harvey Parnell, 1928-1933
+
+Planter, businessman, Democrat. Born in Dorsey (now Cleveland) County,
+Arkansas, 1880. Married Mabel Winston, 1902; two children.
+
+Member, House of Representatives, Chicot County, 1919, 1921. State
+senator, 1923, 1925. Lieutenant governor, 1927-1928. Succeeded to
+governorship when John E. Martineau resigned, 1928; elected to full
+terms 1928, 1930. Died 1936.
+
+
+30. J.M. Futrell, 1933-1937
+
+Lawyer, Democrat. Born in Greene County, Arkansas, 1870. Attended
+Arkansas Industrial University. Married Tera A. Smith, 1893; six
+children.
+
+Member, House of Representatives, Greene County, 1897, 1901, 1903.
+Circuit clerk, Greene County, 1907-1911. State senator, 1913, 1915.
+Acting governor, March-July 1913. Circuit judge, 1921. Chancellor,
+1923-1932. Governor, 1933-1937. Died 1955.
+
+
+31. Carl E. Bailey, 1937-1941
+
+Lawyer, Democrat. Born in Missouri, 1894. Attended business college in
+Chillicothe, Missouri. Married Margaret Bristol, 1915; six children.
+Married Marjorie Compton, 1943.
+
+Prosecuting attorney, 1931-1935. Attorney general, 1935-1937. Governor,
+1937-1941. Died 1948.
+
+
+32. Homer M. Adkins, 1941-1945
+
+Pharmacist, businessman, Democrat. Born near Jacksonville, Arkansas,
+1890. Attended Draughon's Business College of Pharmacy. Captain, United
+States Army, First World War. Married Estelle Smith, 1921.
+
+Sheriff, Pulaski County, 1923-1927. United States collector of internal
+revenue for Arkansas, 1933-1940. Governor, 1941-1945. Administrator,
+Employment Security Division, 1949-1952. Died 1964.
+
+
+33. Ben T. Laney, 1945-1949
+
+Businessman, Democrat. Born in Ouachita County, near Smackover,
+Arkansas, 1896. Served in United States Navy, First World War. A.B.,
+State Normal School (now State College), Conway, 1924. Graduate study,
+University of Utah.
+
+Married Lucille Kirtley, 1926; three children. Mayor of Camden,
+1935-1939. Governor, 1945-1949.
+
+
+34. Sid McMath, 1949-1953
+
+Lawyer, Democrat. Born near Magnolia, Arkansas, 1912. LL.B., University
+of Arkansas, 1936. Married Elaine Braughton, 1937; one child. Married
+Anne Phillips, 1945; two children.
+
+Lieutenant Colonel, United States Marine Corps, Second World War.
+Prosecuting attorney, 1947-1949. Governor, 1949-1953.
+
+
+35. Francis Cherry, 1953-1955
+
+Lawyer, Democrat. Born in Fort Worth, Texas, 1908. Graduated Oklahoma
+A.& M. College, 1930. LL.B., University of Arkansas, 1936. Married
+Margaret Frierson; three children.
+
+Lieutenant (j.g.), United States Navy, Second World War. Chancellor,
+1943-1944, 1949-1952. Governor, 1953-1955. Member, United States
+Subversive Activities Control Board, 1955-1963; chairman, 1963-1965.
+Died 1965.
+
+
+36. Orval E. Faubus, 1955-1967
+
+Newspaperman, Democrat. Born near Combs, Arkansas, 1910. Attended
+Madison County schools. Married Alta Haskins, 1931; one son. Major,
+United States Army, Second World War.
+
+Circuit Clerk, Madison County, 1939-1942. Administrative assistant to
+Governor Sid McMath, highway commissioner, highway director, 1949-1953.
+Postmaster, Huntsville, 1953-1954. Governor, 1955-1967.
+
+
+37. Winthrop Rockefeller, 1967-
+
+Financier, farmer, Republican. Born in New York, 1912. Attended Yale
+University. Lieutenant Colonel, United States Army, Second World War.
+Married Barbara Sears, 1948; one son. Married Jeannette Edris, 1956.
+
+Moved to Arkansas, 1953. Chairman, Arkansas Industrial Development
+Commission, 1955-1964. First Republican elected governor since 1872.
+
+
+
+
+UNITED STATES SENATORS FROM ARKANSAS
+
+Each state is entitled to two United States senators. Until 1913,
+senators were elected by state legislatures; since that time, by
+popular vote. Our first senators, chosen in 1836, were Ambrose H.
+Sevier and William S. Fulton. In the following pages, biographies of
+Sevier and his successors are given first.
+
+
+1. Ambrose H. Sevier 1836-1848
+
+Lawyer, Democrat. Born in Tennessee, 1801. Came to Arkansas from
+Missouri, 1821. Clerk, Territorial House of Representatives, 1821.
+Member, Territorial House of Representatives, Pulaski County, 1823,
+1825; speaker, 1827.
+
+Territorial delegate to Congress, 1828-1836. United States senator,
+1836-1848. United States Minister to Mexico, March-June 1848. Died
+1848.
+
+
+2. Solon Borland, 1848-1853
+
+Physician, Democrat. Born in Virginia, 1808. Attended schools in North
+Carolina; studied medicine; located in Little Rock, Arkansas. Major,
+First Arkansas Volunteer Cavalry, Mexican War.
+
+United States senator, 1848-1853. United States Minister to Central
+American Republics, 1853-1854. Brigadier general, Confederate Army.
+Died 1864.
+
+
+3. Robert W. Johnson, 1853-1861
+
+Lawyer, Democrat. Born in Kentucky, 1814. Moved with his father to
+Arkansas, 1821. Graduated from St. Joseph's College, Bardstown,
+Kentucky, 1833, and from Yale Law School, 1835. Practiced law in Little
+Rock, Arkansas, 1835-1847.
+
+Prosecuting attorney, 1840-1845. Congressman, 1847-1853. United States
+senator, 1853-1861. Delegate to provisional Confederate Congress,
+1861-1862. Confederate States senator, 1862-1865. Practiced law in
+Washington, D.C. after the war. Died 1879.
+
+
+4. Charles B. Mitchel, 1861
+
+Physician, Democrat. Born in Tennessee, 1815. Graduated from University
+of Nashville, Tennessee, 1833, and from Jefferson Medical College,
+Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 1836. Moved to Washington, Arkansas, where
+he practiced medicine for twenty-five years.
+
+Member, House of Representatives, Hempstead County, 1848-1849. Receiver
+of public moneys, 1853-1856. United States senator, 1861. Confederate
+States senator, 1862-1864. Died 1864.
+
+Note: Arkansas was not represented in the United States Senate from
+      its secession in 1861 until the state was readmitted to the
+      Union in 1868.
+
+
+5. Benjamin F. Rice, 1868-1873
+
+Lawyer, Republican. Born in New York, 1828. Member, Kentucky House of
+Representatives, 1855-1856. Moved to Minnesota, 1860. Captain, Union
+Army.
+
+Settled in Little Rock, Arkansas, 1864. Active in organizing Republican
+party in Arkansas. United States senator, 1868-1873. Moved to Colorado
+1875, and to Washington, D.C. 1882. Died 1905.
+
+
+6. Stephen W. Dorsey, 1873-1879
+
+Businessman, Republican. Born in Vermont, 1842. Moved to Ohio and
+settled in Oberlin. Served in Union Army. After Civil War, returned to
+Ohio; became president of Sandusky Tool Company. Elected president,
+Arkansas Railway Company. Moved to Arkansas, settled in Helena.
+
+United States senator, 1873-1879. After his service in Senate, devoted
+himself to cattle raising and mining in New Mexico and Colorado.
+Resided in Colfax County, New Mexico; Denver, Colorado; and Los
+Angeles, California. Died 1916.
+
+
+7. James D. Walker, 1879-1885
+
+Lawyer, Democrat. Born in Kentucky, 1830. Attended private schools in
+Kentucky, and Ozark Institute and Arkansas College, Fayetteville,
+Arkansas. Moved to Arkansas 1847. Admitted to bar 1850; practiced law
+in Fayetteville. Colonel, Confederate Army; captured at Oak Hills,
+Missouri in 1861 and spent two years in military prison.
+
+Resumed practice of law in Fayetteville, 1865. United States senator,
+1879-1885. Died 1906.
+
+
+8. James K. Jones, 1885-1903
+
+Lawyer, Democrat. Born in Mississippi, 1839. Moved with his parents to
+Dallas County, Arkansas, 1848. Served in Confederate Army. Admitted to
+bar 1874 and commenced practice in Washington, Arkansas.
+
+State senator, 1873-1877; president of Senate, 1877. Congressman,
+1881-1885. United States senator, 1885-1903. Chairman, Democratic
+National Committee, 1896, 1900. Died 1908.
+
+
+9. James P. Clarke, 1903-1916
+
+(See "Governors of the State of Arkansas," number 18).
+
+
+10. William F. Kirby, 1916-1921
+
+Lawyer, Democrat. Born in what is now Miller County, Arkansas, 1867.
+Studied law at Cumberland University, Lebanon, Tennessee; graduated
+1885. Admitted to bar 1885, commenced practice in Texarkana, Arkansas.
+
+Member, House of Representatives, Miller County, 1893, 1897. State
+senator 1899, 1901. Author of "Kirby's Digest of the Statutes of
+Arkansas," 1904. Moved to Little Rock, 1907. Attorney General,
+1907-1909. Associate justice, Supreme Court, 1910-1916, 1927-1934.
+United States senator, 1916-1921. Died 1934.
+
+
+11. Thaddeus H. Caraway, 1921-1931
+
+Lawyer, Democrat. Born in Missouri, 1871. Moved with his parents to
+Clay County, Arkansas, 1883. Graduated in 1896 from Dickson (Tennessee)
+College. Admitted to bar 1900, commenced practice in Osceola, Arkansas.
+Moved to Lake City, Craighead County, 1900, and to Jonesboro, 1901.
+
+Prosecuting attorney, 1908-1912. Congressman, 1913-1921. United States
+senator, 1921-1931. Died 1931.
+
+
+12. Hattie W. Caraway, 1931-1945
+
+Democrat, wife of Senator Thaddeus H. Caraway. Born in Tennessee, 1878.
+Graduated from Dickson (Tennessee) Normal College, 1896. Married and
+thereafter located in Jonesboro, Arkansas.
+
+Appointed United States senator to succeed her husband 1931; elected
+1932 and 1938; served 1931-1945. Member, United States Employees'
+Compensation Commission, 1945-1946. Member, United States Employees'
+Compensation Appeals Board, 1946-1950. Died 1950.
+
+
+13. James William Fulbright, 1945-
+
+Lawyer, Democrat. Born in Missouri, 1905. Moved with his parents to
+Fayetteville, Arkansas 1906. Was graduated from University of Arkansas,
+1925; as a Rhodes scholar from Oxford University, England, 1928; and
+from law department of George Washington University, Washington, D.C.,
+1934. Admitted to District of Columbia bar, 1934.
+
+Attorney, United States Department of Justice, Antitrust Division,
+1934-1935. Instructor in law, George Washington University, 1935;
+lecturer in law, University of Arkansas, 1936-1939. President of the
+University of Arkansas, 1939-1941. Congressman, 1943-1945. United
+States senator since 1945.
+
+
+1. William S. Fulton, 1836-1844
+
+(See "Governors of the Territory of Arkansas," number 4).
+
+
+2. Chester Ashley, 1844-1848
+
+Lawyer, Democrat. Born in Massachusetts, 1790. Moved with his parents
+to Hudson, New York, during infancy. Was graduated from Williams
+College, Williamstown, Massachusetts, and the Litchfield (Connecticut)
+Law School.
+
+Admitted to bar 1817 and commenced practice of law in Hudson, New York.
+Moved to Edwardsville, Illinois, 1818; to St. Louis, Missouri, 1819;
+and to Little Rock, Arkansas, 1820. United States senator 1844-1848.
+Died 1848.
+
+
+3. William K. Sebastian, 1848-1861
+
+Lawyer, planter, Democrat. Born in Tennessee, 1812. Was graduated from
+Columbia College, Tennessee, about 1834. Commenced practice of law in
+Helena, Arkansas, 1835.
+
+Prosecuting attorney, 1835-1837. Circuit judge, 1840-1842. Associate
+justice, Supreme Court, 1843-1845. Member and president of State
+Senate, 1846-1847. United States senator, 1848-1861. Expelled from
+Senate, 1861; returned to Helena and practiced law; took no part in
+Confederate war effort. Moved to Memphis, 1864. Died 1865.
+
+In 1877, the United States Senate revoked his expulsion and paid the
+full amount of his compensation to his children.
+
+Note: Arkansas was not represented in the United States Senate from
+      its secession in 1861 until the state was readmitted to the
+      Union in 1868.
+
+
+4. Alexander McDonald, 1868-1871
+
+Businessman, banker, Republican. Born in Pennsylvania, 1832. Attended
+Dickinson Seminary, Williamsport, Pennsylvania; and Lewisburg
+University, Lewisburg, Pennsylvania. Moved to Kansas, 1857. Served in
+Union Army. Came to Arkansas 1863, settled in Little Rock.
+
+United States senator, 1868-1871. Engaged in development of railroads.
+Moved to New York City, 1900. Died 1903.
+
+
+5. Powell Clayton, 1871-1877
+
+(See "Governors of the State of Arkansas," number 9)
+
+
+6. Augustus H. Garland, 1877-1885
+
+(See "Governors of the State of Arkansas," number 11)
+
+
+7. James H. Berry, 1885-1907
+
+(See "Governors of the State of Arkansas," number 14)
+
+
+8. Joseph T. Robinson, 1913-1937
+
+(See "Governors of the State of Arkansas," number 23)
+
+
+9. John E. Miller, 1937-1941
+
+Lawyer, banker, Democrat. Born in Missouri, 1888. Attended Southeast
+Missouri State Teachers College, Cape Girardeau; and Valparaiso
+(Indiana) University. Graduated from law department, University of
+Kentucky, 1912. Admitted to bar 1912, commenced practice in Searcy,
+Arkansas.
+
+Delegate, constitutional convention of 1917-1918. Prosecuting attorney,
+1921-1923. Congressman, 1931-1937. United States senator from 1937
+until he resigned in 1941 to become United States district judge for
+the western district of Arkansas.
+
+
+11. Lloyd Spencer, 1941-1943
+
+Banker, Democrat. Born in Missouri, 1893. Moved to Okolona, Arkansas,
+1902. Attended Henderson College, Arkadelphia. Served in United States
+Navy, First World War, 1918. Moved to Hope, Arkansas, 1921.
+
+Appointed to United States Senate 1941; term expired 1943. Served in
+United States Navy, Second World War, 1943.
+
+
+12. John L. McClellan, 1943-
+
+Lawyer, Democrat. Born in Sheridan, Arkansas, 1896. Attended public
+schools. Admitted to bar 1913, commenced practice in Sheridan. First
+lieutenant, United States Army, First World War, 1917-1919.
+
+Moved to Malvern, Arkansas, 1919. Prosecuting attorney, 1927-1930.
+Congressman, 1935-1939. Resumed practice of law in Camden, Arkansas.
+United States senator since 1943.
+
+
+
+***END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK ARKANSAS GOVERNORS AND UNITED STATES
+SENATORS***
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