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+<html>
+<head>
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=US-ASCII" />
+<title>The Tables Turned</title>
+ <style type="text/css">
+/*<![CDATA[ XML blockout */
+<!--
+ P { margin-top: .75em;
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+ .blkquot {margin-left: 4em; margin-right: 4em;} /* block indent */
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+ .smcap {font-variant: small-caps;}
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+ .pagenum {position: absolute;
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+<body>
+<h2>
+<a href="#startoftext">The Tables Turned, by William Morris</a>
+</h2>
+<pre>
+The Project Gutenberg eBook, The Tables Turned, by William Morris
+
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+
+
+
+Title: The Tables Turned
+ or, Nupkins Awakened. A Socialist Interlude
+
+
+Author: William Morris
+
+
+
+Release Date: October 18, 2005 [eBook #16897]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ISO-646-US (US-ASCII)
+
+
+***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE TABLES TURNED***
+</pre>
+<p><a name="startoftext"></a></p>
+<p>Transcribed from the 1887 Office of &ldquo;The Commonweal&rdquo;
+edition by David Price, email ccx074@coventry.ac.uk</p>
+<h1>THE TABLES TURNED;<br />
+or,<br />
+Nupkins Awakened</h1>
+<p style="text-align: center">
+<a href="images/title.jpg">
+<img alt="Title page" src="images/title.jpg" />
+</a></p>
+<blockquote><p>A Socialist Interlude<br />
+<span class="smcap">by</span><br />
+WILLIAM MORRIS<br />
+<span class="smcap">Author of &lsquo;The Earthly Paradise</span>.&rsquo;</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p><i>As for the first time played at the Hall of the Socialist League
+on Saturday October 15, 1887</i></p>
+<p>LONDON:<br />
+OFFICE OF &ldquo;THE COMMONWEAL&rdquo;<br />
+13 FARRINGDON ROAD, E.C.<br />
+1887</p>
+<p><i>All Rights Reserved</i>.</p>
+<h2><!-- page i--><span class="pagenum">p. i</span>ORIGINAL CAST.</h2>
+<p><i>DRAMATIS PERSON&AElig;&mdash;PART I</i>.</p>
+<p>Mr. La-di-da (<i>found guilty of swindling</i>) . . . <span class="smcap">H.
+Bartlett</span>.</p>
+<p>Mr. Justice Nupkins . . . <span class="smcap">W. Blundell</span>.</p>
+<p>Mr. Hungary, Q.C. (<i>Counsel for the Prosecution</i>) . . . <span class="smcap">W.
+H. Utley</span>.</p>
+<p>Sergeant Sticktoit (<i>Witness for Prosecution</i>) . . . <span class="smcap">James
+Allman</span>.</p>
+<p>Constable Potlegoff (<i>Witness for Prosecution</i>) . . . <span class="smcap">H.
+B. Tarleton</span>.</p>
+<p>Constable Strongithoath (<i>Witness for Prosecution</i>) . . . <span class="smcap">J.
+Flockton</span>.</p>
+<p>Mary Pinch (<i>a labourer&rsquo;s wife, accused of theft</i>) . .
+. <span class="smcap">May Morris</span>.</p>
+<p>Foreman of Jury . . . <span class="smcap">T. Cantwell</span>.</p>
+<p>Jack Freeman (<i>a Socialist, accused of conspiracy, sedition, and
+obstruction of the highway</i>) . . . <span class="smcap">H. H. Sparling</span>.</p>
+<p>Archbishop of Canterbury (<i>Witness for Defence</i>) . . . <span class="smcap">W.
+Morris</span>.</p>
+<p>Lord Tennyson (<i>Witness for Defence</i>) . . . <span class="smcap">A.
+Brookes</span>.</p>
+<p>Professor Tyndall (<i>Witness for Defence</i>) . . . <span class="smcap">H.
+Bartlett</span>.</p>
+<p>William Joyce (<i>a Socialist Ensign</i>) . . .&nbsp; <span class="smcap">H.
+A. Barker</span>.</p>
+<p>Usher . . . <span class="smcap">J. Lane</span>.</p>
+<p>Clerk of the Court . . . <span class="smcap">J. Turner</span>.</p>
+<p>Jurymen, Interrupters, Revolutionists, etc., etc.</p>
+<p>* * * * *</p>
+<p><i>DRAMATIS PERSON&AElig;.&mdash;PART II</i>.</p>
+<p>Citizen Nupkins (<i>late Justice</i>)&nbsp; . . . <span class="smcap">W.
+Blundell</span>,</p>
+<p>Mary Pinch . . . <span class="smcap">May Morris</span>.</p>
+<p>William Joyce (<i>late Socialist Ensign</i>) . . . <span class="smcap">H.
+A. Barker</span>.</p>
+<p>Jack Freeman . . . <span class="smcap">H. H. Sparling</span>.</p>
+<p>1st Neighbour . . . <span class="smcap">H. B. Tarleton</span>.</p>
+<p>2nd Neighbour . . . <span class="smcap">J. Lane</span>.</p>
+<p>3rd Neighbour . . . <span class="smcap">H. Graham</span>.</p>
+<p>Robert Pinch, and other Neighbours, Men and Women.</p>
+<h2><!-- page 1--><span class="pagenum">p. 1</span>PART I.</h2>
+<p>SCENE.&mdash;<i>A Court of Justice</i>.</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">Usher, Clerk of the Court, Mr. Hungary, Q.C</span>.,
+<i>and others</i>.&nbsp; <span class="smcap">Mr. La-di-da</span>, <i>the
+prisoner, not in the dock, but seated in a chair before it</i>.&nbsp;
+[<i>Enter</i> <span class="smcap">Mr. Justice Nupkins</span>.</p>
+<p><i>Usher</i>.&nbsp; Silence!&mdash;silence!</p>
+<p><i>Mr. Justice Nupkins</i>.&nbsp; Prisoner at the bar, you have been
+found guilty by a jury, after a very long and careful consideration
+of your remarkable and strange case, of a very serious offence; an offence
+which squeamish moralists are apt to call robbing the widow and orphan;
+a cant phrase also, with which I hesitate to soil my lips, designates
+this offence as swindling.&nbsp; You will permit me to remark that the
+very fact that such nauseous and improper words can be used about the
+conduct of a <i>gentleman</i> shows how far you have been led astray
+from the path traced out for the feet of a respectable member of society.&nbsp;
+Mr. La-di-da, if you were less self-restrained, less respectful, less
+refined, less of a gentleman, in short, I might point out to you with
+more or less severity the disastrous consequences of your conduct; but
+I cannot doubt, from the manner in which you have borne yourself during
+the whole of this trial, that you are fully impressed with the seriousness
+of the occasion.&nbsp; I shall say no more then, but perform the painful
+duty which devolves on me of passing sentence on you.&nbsp; I am compelled
+in doing so to award you a term of imprisonment; but I shall take care
+that you shall not be degraded by contamination with thieves and rioters,
+and other coarse persons, or share the diet and treatment which <!-- page 2--><span class="pagenum">p. 2</span>is
+no punishment to persons used to hard living: that would be to inflict
+a punishment on you not intended by the law, and would cast a stain
+on your character not easily wiped away.&nbsp; I wish you to return
+to that society of which you have up to this untoward event formed an
+ornament without any such stain.&nbsp; You will, therefore, be imprisoned
+as a first-class misdemeanant for the space of one calendar month; and
+I trust that during the retirement thus enforced upon you, which to
+a person of your resources should not be very irksome, you will reflect
+on the rashness, the incaution, the impropriety, in one word, of your
+conduct, and that you will never be discovered again appropriating to
+your personal use money which has been entrusted to your care by your
+friends and relatives.</p>
+<p><i>Mr. La-di-da</i>.&nbsp; I thank you, my lord, for your kindness
+and consideration.&nbsp; May I be allowed to ask you to add to your
+kindness by permitting me to return to my home and make some necessary
+arrangements before submitting myself to the well-merited chastisement
+which my imprudence has brought upon me?</p>
+<p><i>Mr. J. N</i>.&nbsp; Certainly.&nbsp; I repeat I do not wish to
+make your sentence any heavier by forcing a hard construction upon it.&nbsp;
+I give you a week to make all arrangements necessary for your peace
+of mind and your bodily comfort.</p>
+<p><i>Mr. L</i>.&nbsp; I thank your lordship.&nbsp; [<i>Exit</i>.</p>
+<p>[<i>The case of</i> <span class="smcap">Mary Pinch</span> <i>called</i>.]</p>
+<p><i>Mr. Hungary, Q.C</i>.&nbsp; I am for the prosecution, my lord,
+instructed by the Secretary of State for the Home Department.&nbsp;
+(<span class="smcap">Judge</span> <i>bites his pen and nods</i>.)&nbsp;
+My lord, and gentlemen of the Jury, although this case may seem to some
+ill-judging persons a trivial one, I think you will be able to see before
+it is over that it is really important in its bearing on the welfare
+of society, the welfare of the public; that is, of the respectable public,&mdash;of
+the respectable public, gentlemen.&nbsp; For in these days, when the
+spirit of discontent is so widespread, all illegal actions have, so
+to say, a political bearing, my lord, and all illegal actions are wicked,
+gentlemen of the Jury, since they tend towards the insecurity of society,
+or in other words, are definitely aimed at the very basis of all morality
+and religion.&nbsp; Therefore, my lord, I have received instructions
+from the Home Secretary to prosecute this woman, who, as I shall be
+able to prove to you, gentlemen of the Jury, by the testimony of three
+witnesses occupying responsible official positions, has been guilty
+of a breach at once of the laws of the country and the dictates of morality,
+and has thereby seriously inconvenienced a very respectable tradesman,
+nay (<i>looking at his brief</i>) three respectable tradesmen.&nbsp;
+I shall be able to show, <!-- page 3--><span class="pagenum">p. 3</span>gentlemen,
+that this woman has stolen three loaves of bread: (<i>impressively</i>)
+not one, gentlemen, but three.</p>
+<p><i>A Voice</i>.&nbsp; She&rsquo;s got three children, you palavering
+blackguard!</p>
+<p>[<i>Confusion</i>.</p>
+<p><i>Mr. Justice N</i>. (<i>who has made an elaborate show of composing
+himself to slumber since the counsel began, here wakes up and cries
+out</i>) Arrest that man, officer; I will commit him, and give him the
+heaviest punishment that the law allows of.</p>
+<p>[<i>The</i> <span class="smcap">Usher</span> <i>dives among the audience
+amidst great confusion, but comes back empty-handed</i>.</p>
+<p><i>J. N</i>.&nbsp; A most dangerous disturbance!&nbsp; A most dangerous
+disturbance!</p>
+<p><i>Mr. H</i>.&nbsp; Gentlemen of the Jury, in confirmation of my
+remarks on the spirit that is abroad, I call your attention to the riot
+which has just taken place, endangering, I doubt not, the life of his
+lordship, and your own lives, gentlemen, so valuable to&mdash;to&mdash;to&mdash;in
+short, to yourselves.&nbsp; Need I point out to you at any length, then,
+the danger of allowing criminals, offenders against the sacred rights
+of property, to go at large?&nbsp; This incident speaks for me, and
+I have now nothing to do but let the witnesses speak for themselves.&nbsp;
+Gentlemen of the Jury, I do not ask you to convict on insufficient evidence;
+but I <i>do</i> ask you not to be swayed by any false sentiment bearing
+reference to the so-called smallness of the offence, or the poverty
+of the offender.&nbsp; The law is made for the poor as well as for the
+rich, for the rich as well as for the poor.&nbsp; The poor man has no
+more right to shelter himself behind his poverty, than the rich man
+behind his riches.&nbsp; In short, gentlemen of the Jury, what I ask
+you in all confidence to do, is to do justice and fear not.&mdash;I
+call Sergeant Sticktoit.</p>
+<p>[<span class="smcap">Sergeant Sticktoit</span> <i>sworn</i>.</p>
+<p><i>Mr. H</i>.&nbsp; Well, sergeant, you saw this woman steal the
+loaves?</p>
+<p><i>Sticktoit</i>.&nbsp; Yes, sir.</p>
+<p><i>Mr. H</i>.&nbsp; All of them?</p>
+<p><i>St</i>.&nbsp; Yes, all.</p>
+<p><i>Mr. H</i>.&nbsp; From different shops, or from one?</p>
+<p><i>St</i>.&nbsp; From three different shops.</p>
+<p><i>Mr. H</i>.&nbsp; Yes, just so.&nbsp; (<i>Aside</i>: Then why the
+devil did he say from one shop when his evidence was taken before?)&nbsp;
+(<i>To</i> <span class="smcap">St</span>.)&nbsp; You were an eye-witness
+of that?&nbsp; You noticed her take all three loaves?</p>
+<p><i>St</i>. (<i>Aside</i>: He wants me to say from three different
+shops; I&rsquo;m sure I don&rsquo;t know why.&nbsp; Anyhow, I&rsquo;ll
+say it&mdash;and swear it.)&nbsp; <!-- page 4--><span class="pagenum">p. 4</span>(<i>To
+the Court</i>) Yes, I was an eye-witness of the deed; (<i>pompously</i>)
+I followed her, and then I took her.</p>
+<p><i>Mr. H</i>.&nbsp; Yes, then you took her.&nbsp; Please tell the
+Court how.</p>
+<p><i>St</i>. (<i>Aside</i>: Let&rsquo;s see, what did we agree was
+the likeliest way?)&nbsp; (<i>To Court</i>) I saw her take the first
+loaf and hide it in her shawl; and then the second one; and the second
+one tumbled down into the mud; and she picked it up again and wiped
+it with her shawl; and then she took the third; and when she tried to
+put that with the two others they all three tumbled down; and as she
+stooped down to pick them up it seemed the best time to take her, as
+the two constables had come up; so I took her.</p>
+<p><i>Mr. N</i>.&nbsp; Yes; you took her.</p>
+<p><i>St</i>.&nbsp; And she cried.</p>
+<p><i>Mr. H</i>.&nbsp; Ah, she cried.&nbsp; Well, sergeant, that will
+do; you may go.&nbsp; (<i>Aside</i>: The sooner he goes the better.&nbsp;
+Wouldn&rsquo;t I like to have the cross-examining of him if he was called
+on the other side!)&nbsp; Constable Potlegoff.</p>
+<p>[<span class="smcap">Potlegoff</span> <i>sworn</i>.</p>
+<p><i>Mr. H</i>.&nbsp; Well, constable, did you see the woman take the
+loaves?</p>
+<p><i>Potlegoff</i>.&nbsp; Yes, sir.</p>
+<p><i>Mr. H</i>.&nbsp; How did she take them?</p>
+<p><i>Pot</i>.&nbsp; Off the counter, sir.</p>
+<p><i>Mr. H</i>.&nbsp; Did she go into the shop to take them?</p>
+<p><i>Pot</i>.&nbsp; Yes, sir.&nbsp; (<i>Aside</i>: I thought I was
+to say into three shops.)</p>
+<p><i>Mr. H</i>.&nbsp; One after another?</p>
+<p><i>Pot</i>.&nbsp; Yes, out of one shop one after another.&nbsp; (<i>Aside</i>:
+Now it&rsquo;s right, I hope.)</p>
+<p><i>Mr. H</i>. (<i>Aside</i>: Confound him, he&rsquo;s contradicting
+the other!)&nbsp; (<i>To</i> <span class="smcap">Pot</span>.)&nbsp;
+Yes, just so; one after the other.&nbsp; And did you see the second
+loaf tumble down?</p>
+<p><i>Pot</i>.&nbsp; Yes, sir.</p>
+<p><i>Mr. H</i>.&nbsp; When was that?</p>
+<p><i>Pot</i>.&nbsp; As she took it off the counter.</p>
+<p><i>Mr. H</i>.&nbsp; Yes, <i>after</i> she took it off the counter,
+in the street?</p>
+<p><i>Pot</i>.&nbsp; No, sir.&nbsp; (<i>Catching the</i> <span class="smcap">Sergeant&rsquo;s</span>
+<i>eye</i>.)&nbsp; I mean yes, sir, and she wiped the mud off them;
+the sergeant saw her&mdash;and I saw her.</p>
+<p><i>A Voice</i>.&nbsp; Off <span class="smcap">it</span>, you liar!
+&rsquo;twas the second loaf, the single loaf, the other liar said!</p>
+<p>[<i>Confusion.&nbsp; The judge wakes up and splutters, and tries
+to say something; the</i> <span class="smcap">Usher</span> <i>goes through
+the audience, but finds no one</i>; <span class="smcap">Hungary</span>
+<i>spreads out his hands to the Jury, appealingly</i>.</p>
+<p><!-- page 5--><span class="pagenum">p. 5</span><i>Mr. H</i>.&nbsp;
+Yes, so it was in the street that you saw the loaves fall down?</p>
+<p><i>Pot</i>.&nbsp; Yes, sir; it was in the street that I saw it tumble
+down.</p>
+<p><i>A Voice</i>.&nbsp; You mean <i>them</i>, you fool!&nbsp; You haven&rsquo;t
+got the story right yet!</p>
+<p>[<i>Confusion again.&nbsp; The</i> <span class="smcap">Judge</span>
+<i>sits up and stares like a man awaked from a nightmare, then calls
+out</i> Officer!&nbsp; Officer! <i>very loud.&nbsp; The</i> <span class="smcap">Usher</span>
+<i>goes his errand again, and comes back bootless</i>.</p>
+<p><i>Mr. H</i>. (<i>very blandly</i>).&nbsp; It was in the street that
+you saw the three loaves fall down?</p>
+<p><i>Pot</i>.&nbsp; Yes, it was in the street that I saw the loaf fall
+down.</p>
+<p><i>Mr. H</i>.&nbsp; Yes, in the street; just so, in the street.&nbsp;
+You may go (<i>Aside</i>: for a damned fool!).&nbsp; Constable Strongithoath.</p>
+<p>[<span class="smcap">Constable Strongithoath</span> <i>sworn</i>,</p>
+<p><i>Mr. H</i>.&nbsp; Constable, did you see this robbery?</p>
+<p><i>Strong</i>.&nbsp; I saw it.</p>
+<p><i>Mr. H</i>.&nbsp; Tell us what you saw.</p>
+<p><i>Strong</i>, (<i>very slowly and stolidly, and as if repeating
+a lesson</i>).&nbsp; I saw her steal them all&mdash;all&mdash;all from
+one shop&mdash;from three shops&mdash;I followed her&mdash;I took her.&nbsp;
+When she took it up&mdash;she let it drop&mdash;in the shop&mdash;and
+wiped the street mud off it.&nbsp; Then she dropped them all three in
+the shop&mdash;and came out&mdash;and I took her&mdash;with the help&mdash;of
+the two constables&mdash;and she cried.</p>
+<p><i>Mr. H</i>.&nbsp; You may go (<i>Aside</i>: for a new-caught joskin
+and a fool!).&nbsp; I won&rsquo;t ask him any questions.</p>
+<p><i>J. N</i>. (<i>waking up, and languid</i>).&nbsp; Do you call any
+other witnesses, Mr. Hungary?</p>
+<p><i>Mr. H</i>.&nbsp; No, my lord.&nbsp; (<i>Aside</i>: Not if I know
+it, considering the quality of the evidence.&nbsp; Not that it much
+matters; the Judge is going to get a conviction; the Jury will do as
+he tells them&mdash;always do.)&nbsp; (<i>To the Court</i>): My lord
+and gentlemen of the Jury, that&rsquo;s my case.</p>
+<p><i>J. N</i>.&nbsp; Well, my good woman, what have you to say to this?</p>
+<p><i>Mary Pinch</i>.&nbsp; Say to it!&nbsp; What&rsquo;s the use of
+<i>saying</i> anything to it?&nbsp; I&rsquo;d <i>do</i> to it, if I
+could.</p>
+<p><i>J. N</i>.&nbsp; Woman! what do you mean?&nbsp; Violence will not
+do here.&nbsp; Have you witnesses to call?</p>
+<p><i>M. P</i>.&nbsp; Witnesses! how can I call witnesses to swear that
+I didn&rsquo;t steal the loaves?</p>
+<p><i>J. N</i>.&nbsp; Well, do you wish to question the witnesses?&nbsp;
+You have a right to.</p>
+<p><i>M. P</i>.&nbsp; Much good that would be!&nbsp; Would you listen
+to me <!-- page 6--><span class="pagenum">p. 6</span>if I did?&nbsp;
+I didn&rsquo;t steal the loaves; but I wanted them, I can tell you that.&nbsp;
+But it&rsquo;s all one; you are going to have it so, and I might as
+well have stolen a diamond necklace for all the justice I shall get
+here.&nbsp; What&rsquo;s the odds?&nbsp; It&rsquo;s of a piece with
+the rest of my life for the last three years.&nbsp; My husband was a
+handsome young countryman once, God help us!&nbsp; He could live on
+ten shillings a-week before he married me; let alone that he could pick
+up things here and there.&nbsp; Rabbits and hares some of them, as why
+should he not?&nbsp; And I could earn a little too; it was not so bad
+there.&nbsp; And then and for long the place was a pretty place, the
+little grey cottage among the trees, if the cupboard hadn&rsquo;t been
+so bare; one can&rsquo;t live on flowers and nightingale&rsquo;s songs.&nbsp;
+Then the children came brisk, and the wages came slack; and the farmer
+got the new reaping-machine, and my binding came to an end; and topping
+turnips for a few days in the foggy November mornings don&rsquo;t bring
+you in much, even when you havn&rsquo;t just had a baby.&nbsp; And the
+skim milk was long ago gone, and the leasing, and the sack of tail-wheat,
+and the cheap cheeses almost for nothing, and the hedge-clippings, and
+it was just the bare ten shillings a-week.&nbsp; So at last, when we
+had heard enough of eighteen shillings a-week up in London, and we scarce
+knew what London meant, though we knew well enough what ten shillings
+a-week in the country meant, we said we&rsquo;d go to London and try
+it there; and it had been a good harvest, quickly saved, which made
+it bad for us poor folk, as there was the less for us to do; and winter
+was creeping in on us.&nbsp; So up to London we came; for says Robert:
+&ldquo;They&rsquo;ll let us starve here, for aught I can see: they&rsquo;ll
+do naught for us; let us do something for ourselves.&rdquo;&nbsp; So
+up we came; and when all&rsquo;s said, we had better have lain down
+and died in the grey cottage clean and empty.&nbsp; I dream of it yet
+at whiles: clean, but no longer empty; the crockery on the dresser,
+the flitch hanging from the rafters, the pot on the fire, the smell
+of new bread about; and the children fat and ruddy tumbling about in
+the sun; and my lad coming in at the door stooping his head a little;
+for our door is low, and he was a tall handsome chap in those days.&mdash;But
+what&rsquo;s the use of talking?&nbsp; I&rsquo;ve said enough: I didn&rsquo;t
+steal the loaves&mdash;and if I had a done, where was the harm?</p>
+<p><i>J. N</i>.&nbsp; Enough, woman?&nbsp; Yes, and far more than enough.&nbsp;
+You are an undefended prisoner.&nbsp; You have not the advantage of
+counsel, or I would not have allowed you to go on so long.&nbsp; You
+would have done yourself more good by trying to refute the very serious
+accusation brought against you, than by rambling into a long statement
+of your wrongs against society.&nbsp; We all <!-- page 7--><span class="pagenum">p. 7</span>have
+our troubles to bear, and you must bear your share of them without offending
+against the laws of your country&mdash;the equal laws that are made
+for rich and poor alike.</p>
+<p><i>A Voice</i>.&nbsp; <i>You</i> can bear <i>her</i> troubles well
+enough, can&rsquo;t you, old fat guts?</p>
+<p><i>J. N</i>. (<i>scarcely articulate with rage</i>).&nbsp; Officer!
+officer! arrest that man, or I will arrest you!</p>
+<p>[<span class="smcap">Usher</span> <i>again makes a vain attempt to
+get hold of some one</i>.</p>
+<p><i>J. N</i>. (<i>puffing and blowing with offended dignity</i>).&nbsp;
+Woman, woman, have you anything more to say?</p>
+<p><i>M. P</i>.&nbsp; Not a word.&nbsp; Do what you will with me.&nbsp;
+I don&rsquo;t care.</p>
+<p><i>J. N</i>. (<i>impressively</i>).&nbsp; Gentlemen of Jury, simple
+as this case seems, it is a most important one under the present condition
+of discontent which afflicts this country, and of which we have had
+such grievous manifestations in this Court to-day.&nbsp; This is not
+a common theft, gentlemen&mdash;if indeed a theft has been committed&mdash;it
+is a revolutionary theft, based on the claim on the part of those who
+happen unfortunately to be starving, to help themselves at the expense
+of their more fortunate, and probably&mdash;I may say certainly&mdash;more
+meritorious countrymen.&nbsp; I do not indeed go so far as to say that
+this woman is in collusion with those ferocious ruffians who have made
+these sacred precincts of justice ring with their ribald and threatening
+scoff&rsquo;s.&nbsp; But the persistence of these riotous interruptions,
+and the ease with which their perpetrators have evaded arrest, have
+produced a strange impression in my mind.&nbsp; (<i>Very impressively</i>.)&nbsp;
+However, gentlemen, that impression I do not ask you to share; on the
+contrary, I warn you against it, just as I warn you against being moved
+by the false sentiment uttered by this woman, tinged as it was by the
+most revolutionary&mdash;nay, the most bloodthirsty feeling.&nbsp; Dismiss
+all these non-essentials from your minds, gentlemen, and consider the
+evidence only; and show this mistaken woman the true majesty of English
+Law by acquitting her&mdash;if you are not satisfied with the abundant,
+clear, and obviously unbiassed evidence, put before you with that terseness
+and simplicity of diction which distinguishes our noble civil force.&nbsp;
+The case is so free from intricacy, gentlemen, that I need not call
+your attention to any of the details of that evidence.&nbsp; You must
+either accept it as a whole and bring in a verdict of guilty, or your
+verdict must be one which would be tantamount to accusing the sergeant
+and constables of wilful and corrupt perjury; and I may add, wanton
+perjury; as there could be no possible reason for these officers departing
+from the strict line of truth.&nbsp; Gentlemen I leave you to your deliberations.</p>
+<p><!-- page 8--><span class="pagenum">p. 8</span><i>Foreman of Jury</i>.&nbsp;
+My lord, we have already made up our minds.&nbsp; Your lordship need
+not leave the Court: we find the woman guilty.</p>
+<p><i>J. N</i>. (<i>gravely nodding his head</i>).&nbsp; It now remains
+for me to give sentence.&nbsp; Prisoner at the bar, you have been convicted
+by a jury of your countrymen&mdash;</p>
+<p><i>A Voice</i>.&nbsp; That&rsquo;s a lie!&nbsp; You convicted her:
+you were judge and jury both.</p>
+<p><i>J. N</i>. (<i>in a fury</i>).&nbsp; Officer, you are a disgrace
+to your coat!&nbsp; Arrest that man, I say.&nbsp; I would have had the
+Court cleared long ago, but that I hoped that you would have arrested
+the ruffian if I gave him a chance of repeating his&mdash;his crime.</p>
+<p>[<i>The</i> <span class="smcap">Usher</span> <i>makes his usual promenade</i>.</p>
+<p><i>J. N</i>.&nbsp; You have been convicted by a jury of your countrymen
+of stealing three loaves of bread; and I do not see how in the face
+of the evidence they could have come to any other verdict.&nbsp; Convicted
+of such a serious offence, this is not the time and place to reproach
+you with other misconduct; and yet I could almost regret that it is
+not possible to put you once more in the dock, and try you for conspiracy
+and incitement to riot; as in my own mind I have no doubt that you are
+in collusion with the ruffianly revolutionists, who, judging from their
+accent, are foreigners of a low type, and who, while this case has been
+proceeding, have been stimulating their bloodstained souls to further
+horrors by the most indecent verbal violence.&nbsp; And I must here
+take the opportunity of remarking that such occurrences could not now
+be occurring, but for the ill-judged leniency of even a Tory Government
+in permitting that pest of society the unrespectable foreigner to congregate
+in this metropolis.</p>
+<p><i>A Voice</i>.&nbsp; What do they do with you, you blooming old
+idiot, when you goes abroad and waddles through the Loover?</p>
+<p><i>J. N</i>.&nbsp; Another of them! another of those scarcely articulate
+foreigners!&nbsp; This is a most dangerous plot!&nbsp; Officer, arrest
+everybody present except the officials.&nbsp; I will make an example
+of everybody: I will commit them all.</p>
+<p><i>Mr. H</i>. (<i>leaning over to</i> <span class="smcap">Judge</span>).&nbsp;
+I don&rsquo;t see how it can be done, my lord.&nbsp; Let it alone: there&rsquo;s
+a Socialist prisoner coming next; you can make him pay for all.</p>
+<p><i>J. N</i>.&nbsp; Oh! there is, is there?&nbsp; All right&mdash;all
+right.&nbsp; I&rsquo;ll go and get a bit of lunch (<i>offering to rise</i>).</p>
+<p><i>Clerk</i>.&nbsp; Beg pardon, my lord, but you haven&rsquo;t sentenced
+the prisoner.</p>
+<p><i>J. N</i>.&nbsp; Oh, ah!&nbsp; Yes.&nbsp; Oh, eighteen months&rsquo;
+hard labour.</p>
+<p><i>M. P</i>.&nbsp; Six months for each loaf that I didn&rsquo;t steal!&nbsp;
+Well, <!-- page 9--><span class="pagenum">p. 9</span>God help the poor
+in a free country!&nbsp; Won&rsquo;t you save all further trouble by
+hanging me, my lord?&nbsp; Or if you won&rsquo;t hang me, at least hang
+my children: they&rsquo;ll live to be a nuisance to you else.</p>
+<p><i>J. N</i>.&nbsp; Remove the woman.&nbsp; Call the next case.&nbsp;
+(<i>Aside</i>: And look sharp: I want to get away.)</p>
+<p>[<i>Case of</i> <span class="smcap">John</span> <i>or</i> <span class="smcap">Jack
+Freeman</span> <i>called</i>.]</p>
+<p><i>Mr. H</i>.&nbsp; I am for the prosecution, my lord.</p>
+<p><i>J. N</i>.&nbsp; Is the prisoner defended?</p>
+<p><i>Jack Freeman</i>.&nbsp; Not I.</p>
+<p><i>J. N</i>.&nbsp; Hold your tongue, sir!&nbsp; I did not ask you.&nbsp;
+Now, brother Hungary.</p>
+<p><i>Mr. H</i>.&nbsp; Once more, my lord and gentlemen of the Jury,
+I rise to address you; and, gentlemen, I must congratulate you on having
+the honour of assisting on two State trials on one day; for again I
+am instructed by the Secretary of State for the Home Department to prosecute
+the prisoner.&nbsp; He is charged with sedition and incitement to riot
+and murder, and also with obstructing the Queen&rsquo;s Highway.&nbsp;
+I shall bring forward overwhelming evidence to prove the latter offence&mdash;which
+is, indeed, the easiest of all offences to be proved, since the wisdom
+of the law has ordained that it can be committed without obstructing
+anything or anybody.&nbsp; As for the other, and what we may excusably
+consider the more serious offence, the evidence will, I feel sure, leave
+no doubt in your minds concerning the guilt of the prisoner.&nbsp; I
+must now give you a few facts in explanation of this case.&nbsp; You
+may not know, gentlemen of the Jury, that in the midst of the profound
+peace which this glorious empire now enjoys; in spite of the liberty
+which is the proud possession of every Briton, whatever his rank or
+fortune; in spite of the eager competition and steadily and swiftly
+rising wages for the services of the workmen of all grades, so that
+such a thing as want of employment is unheard of amongst us; in spite
+of the fact that the sick, the infirm, the old, the unfortunate, are
+well clothed and generously fed and housed in noble buildings, miscalled,
+I am free to confess, <i>work</i>houses, since the affectionate assiduity
+of our noble Poor Law takes every care that if the inmates are of no
+use to themselves they shall at least be of no use to any one else,&mdash;in
+spite of all these and many kindred blessings of civilisation, there
+are, as you may not know, a set of wicked persons in the country, mostly,
+it is true, belonging to that class of non-respectable foreigners of
+whom my lord spoke with such feeling, taste, and judgment, who are plotting,
+rather with insolent effrontery than crawling secrecy, to overturn the
+sacred edifice of property, the foundation of our hearths, our <!-- page 10--><span class="pagenum">p. 10</span>homes,
+and our altars.&nbsp; Gentlemen of the Jury, it might be thought that
+such madmen might well be left to themselves, that no one would listen
+to their ravings, and that the glorious machinery of Justice need no
+more be used against them than a crusader&rsquo;s glittering battle-axe
+need be brought forward to exterminate the nocturnal pest of our couches.&nbsp;
+This indeed has been, I must say unfortunately, the view taken by our
+rulers till quite recently.&nbsp; But times have changed, gentlemen;
+for need I tell you, who in your character of shrewd and successful
+men of business understand human nature so well, that in this imperfect
+world we must not reckon on the wisdom, the good sense of those around
+us.&nbsp; Therefore you will scarcely be surprised to hear that these
+monstrous, wicked, and disreputable doctrines are becoming popular;
+that murder and rapine are eagerly looked forward to under such names
+as Socialism, revolution, co-operation, profit-sharing, and the like;
+and that the leaders of the sect are dangerous to the last degree.&nbsp;
+Such a leader you now see before you.&nbsp; Now I must tell you that
+these Socialist or Co-operationist incendiaries are banded together
+into three principal societies, and that the prisoner at the bar belongs
+to one if not two of these, and is striving, hitherto in vain, for admittance
+into the third and most dangerous.&nbsp; The Federationist League and
+the International Federation, to one or both of which this man belongs,
+are dangerous and malevolent associations; but they do not apply so
+strict a test of membership as the third body, the Fabian Democratic
+Parliamentary League, which exacts from every applicant a proof of some
+special deed of ferocity before admission, the most guilty of their
+champions veiling their crimes under the specious pretexts of vegetarianism,
+the scientific investigation of supernatural phenomena, vulgarly called
+ghost-catching, political economy, and other occult and dull studies.&nbsp;
+But though not yet admitted a neophyte of this body, the prisoner has
+taken one necessary step towards initiation, in learning the special
+language spoken at all the meetings of these incendiaries: for this
+body differs from the other two in using a sort of cant language or
+thieves&rsquo; Latin, so as to prevent their deliberations from becoming
+known outside their unholy brotherhood.&nbsp; Examples of this will
+be given you by the witnesses, which I will ask you to note carefully
+as indications of the dangerous and widespread nature of the conspiracy.&nbsp;
+I call Constable Potlegoff.</p>
+<p>[<span class="smcap">Constable Potlegoff</span> <i>sworn</i>.</p>
+<p><i>Mr. H</i>.&nbsp; Have you seen the prisoner before?</p>
+<p><i>Pot</i>.&nbsp; Yes.</p>
+<p><i>Mr. H</i>.&nbsp; Where?</p>
+<p><!-- page 11--><span class="pagenum">p. 11</span><i>Pot</i>.&nbsp;
+At Beadon Road, Hammersmith.</p>
+<p><i>Mr. H</i>.&nbsp; What was he doing there?</p>
+<p><i>Pot</i>.&nbsp; He was standing on a stool surrounded by a dense
+crowd.</p>
+<p><i>Mr. H</i>.&nbsp; What else?</p>
+<p><i>Pot</i>.&nbsp; He was speaking to them in a loud tone of voice.</p>
+<p><i>Mr. H</i>.&nbsp; You say it was a dense crowd: how dense?&nbsp;
+Would it have been easy for any one to pass through the crowd?</p>
+<p><i>Pot</i>.&nbsp; It would have been impossible.&nbsp; I could not
+have got anywhere near him without using my truncheon&mdash;which I
+have a right to do.</p>
+<p><i>Mr. H</i>.&nbsp; Is Beadon Road a frequented thoroughfare?</p>
+<p><i>Pot</i>.&nbsp; Very much so, especially on a Sunday morning.</p>
+<p><i>Mr. H</i>.&nbsp; Could you hear what he said?</p>
+<p><i>Pot</i>.&nbsp; I could and I did.&nbsp; I made notes of what he
+said.</p>
+<p><i>Mr. H</i>.&nbsp; Can you repeat anything he said?</p>
+<p><i>Pot</i>.&nbsp; I can.&nbsp; He urged the crowd to disembowel all
+the inhabitants of London.&nbsp; (<i>Sensation</i>.)</p>
+<p><i>Mr. H</i>.&nbsp; Can you remember the exact words he used?</p>
+<p><i>Pot</i>.&nbsp; I can.&nbsp; He said, &ldquo;Those of this capital
+should have no bowels.&nbsp; You workers must see to having this done.&rdquo;</p>
+<p><i>J. N</i>.&nbsp; Stop a little; it is important that I should get
+an accurate note of this (<i>writing</i>).&nbsp; Those who live in this
+metropolis must have their bowels drawn out&mdash;is that right?</p>
+<p><i>Pot</i>.&nbsp; This capital, he said, my lord.</p>
+<p><i>J. N</i>. (<i>writing</i>).&nbsp; This capital.&nbsp; Well, well,
+well!&nbsp; I cannot guess why the prisoner should be so infuriated
+against this metropolis.&nbsp; Go on, Mr. Hungary.</p>
+<p><i>Mr. H</i>. (<i>to witness</i>).&nbsp; Can you remember any other
+words he said?</p>
+<p><i>Pot</i>.&nbsp; Yes; later on he said, &ldquo;I hope to see the
+last Londoner hung in the guts of the last member of Parliament.&rdquo;</p>
+<p><i>J. N</i>.&nbsp; Londoner, eh?</p>
+<p><i>Pot</i>.&nbsp; Yes, my lord; that is, he meant Londoner.</p>
+<p><i>J. N</i>.&nbsp; You mustn&rsquo;t say what he meant, you must
+say what you heard him say.</p>
+<p><i>Pot</i>.&nbsp; Capital, my lord.</p>
+<p><i>J. N</i>.&nbsp; I see; (<i>writing</i>).&nbsp; The last dweller
+in the metropolis.</p>
+<p><i>Pot</i>.&nbsp; Capital, my lord.</p>
+<p><i>J. N</i>.&nbsp; Yes, exactly; that&rsquo;s just what I&rsquo;ve
+written&mdash;this metropolis.</p>
+<p><i>Pot</i>.&nbsp; He said capital, my lord.</p>
+<p><i>Mr. H</i>.&nbsp; Capital, the witness says, my lord.</p>
+<p><i>J. N</i>.&nbsp; Well, doesn&rsquo;t that mean the same thing?&nbsp;
+I tell you I&rsquo;ve got it down accurately.</p>
+<p><i>J. F</i>. (<i>who has been looking from one to the other with
+an amused</i> <!-- page 12--><span class="pagenum">p. 12</span><i>smile,
+now says as if he were thinking aloud</i>:) Well, I <i>am</i> damned!
+what a set of fools!</p>
+<p><i>J. N</i>.&nbsp; What is that you said, sir?&nbsp; Have you no
+sense of decency, sir?&nbsp; Are you pleading, or are you not pleading?&nbsp;
+I have a great mind to have you removed.</p>
+<p><i>J. F</i>. (<i>laughing</i>).&nbsp; Oh, by all means remove me!&nbsp;
+I didn&rsquo;t ask to be here.&nbsp; Only look here, I could set you
+right in three minutes if you only let me.</p>
+<p><i>J. N</i>.&nbsp; Do you want to ask the witness anything?&nbsp;
+If not, sir, hold your tongue, sir.&nbsp; No, sir; don&rsquo;t speak,
+sir.&nbsp; I can see that you are meditating bullying me; let me advise
+you, sir, not to try it.</p>
+<p><i>Mr. H</i>. (<i>to</i> <span class="smcap">Pot</span>.)&nbsp; Was
+that the only occasion on which you heard him speaking?</p>
+<p><i>Pot</i>.&nbsp; No; I have heard him speaking in Hyde Park and
+saying much the same thing, and calling Mr. Justice Nupkins a damned
+old fool!</p>
+<p><i>J. N</i>. (<i>writing</i>).&nbsp; &ldquo;A damned old fool!&rdquo;&nbsp;
+Anything else?</p>
+<p><i>Pot</i>.&nbsp; A blasted old cheat!</p>
+<p><i>J. N</i>. (<i>writing</i>).&nbsp; &ldquo;A blasted old cheat!&rdquo;&nbsp;
+(<i>Cheerfully</i>) Go on.</p>
+<p><i>Pot</i>.&nbsp; Another time he was talking in a public-house with
+two men whom I understood to be members of the Fabian League.&nbsp;
+He was having words with them, and one of them said, &ldquo;Ah, but
+you forget the rent of ability&rdquo;; and he said, &ldquo;Damn the
+rent of ability, I will smash their rents of abilities.&rdquo;</p>
+<p><i>Mr. H</i>.&nbsp; Did you know what that meant?</p>
+<p><i>Pot</i>.&nbsp; No; not then.</p>
+<p><i>Mr. H</i>.&nbsp; But you do now?</p>
+<p><i>Pot</i>.&nbsp; Yes; for I got into conversation with one of them,
+who told me that it meant the brain, the skull.</p>
+<p><i>J. N</i>. (<i>writing</i>).&nbsp; &ldquo;The rent of ability is
+a cant phrase in use among these people signifying the head.&rdquo;</p>
+<p><i>Mr. H</i>.&nbsp; Well?</p>
+<p><i>Pot</i>.&nbsp; Well, then they laughed and said, Well, as far
+as he is concerned, smash it when you can catch it.</p>
+<p><i>Mr. H</i>.&nbsp; Did you gather whose head it was that they were
+speaking of?</p>
+<p><i>Pot</i>.&nbsp; Yes; his lordship&rsquo;s.</p>
+<p><i>Mr. H</i>. (<i>impressively and plaintively</i>).&nbsp; And <i>why</i>?</p>
+<p><i>Pot</i>.&nbsp; Because they said he had jugged their comrades
+like a damned old smoutch!</p>
+<p><i>J. N</i>.&nbsp; <i>Jugged</i>?</p>
+<p><i>Pot</i>.&nbsp; Put them in prison, my lord.</p>
+<p><i>J. N</i>. (<i>Aside</i>: That Norwich affair.)&nbsp; Wait!&nbsp;
+I must write my self down a smoutch&mdash;smoutch? no doubt a foreign
+word.</p>
+<p><!-- page 13--><span class="pagenum">p. 13</span><i>Mr. H</i>.&nbsp;
+What else have you heard the prisoner say.</p>
+<p><i>Pot</i>.&nbsp; I have heard him threaten to make her Majesty the
+Queen take in washing.</p>
+<p><i>J. N</i>.&nbsp; Plain washing?</p>
+<p><i>Pot</i>.&nbsp; Yes, my lord.</p>
+<p><i>J. N</i>.&nbsp; Not fancy work?</p>
+<p><i>Pot</i>.&nbsp; No, my lord.</p>
+<p><i>A Juryman</i>.&nbsp; Have you heard him suggest any means of doing
+all this?</p>
+<p><i>Pot</i>.&nbsp; Yes, sir; for I have attended meetings of his association
+in disguise, when they were plotting means of exciting the populace.</p>
+<p><i>Mr. H</i>.&nbsp; In which he took part?</p>
+<p><i>Pot</i>.&nbsp; In which he took part.</p>
+<p><i>Mr. H</i>.&nbsp; You heard him arranging with others for a rising
+of the lower orders?</p>
+<p><i>Pot</i>.&nbsp; Yes, sir; and on the occasion, when I met him in
+the public house, I got into conversation with him, and he told me that
+his society numbered upwards of two millions.&nbsp; (J. F. <i>grins</i>.)</p>
+<p><i>The Juryman</i> (<i>anxiously</i>).&nbsp; Armed?</p>
+<p><i>Pot</i>.&nbsp; He said there were arms in readiness for them.</p>
+<p><i>Mr. H</i>.&nbsp; Did you find out where?</p>
+<p><i>Pot</i>.&nbsp; Yes; at the premises of the Federationist League,
+13 Farringdon Road.</p>
+<p><i>Mr. H</i>.&nbsp; Did you search for them there?</p>
+<p><i>Pot</i>.&nbsp; Yes.</p>
+<p><i>Mr. H</i>.&nbsp; Did you find them?</p>
+<p><i>Pot</i>.&nbsp; No; we found nothing but printing-stock and some
+very shabby furniture, and the office-boy, and three compositors.</p>
+<p><i>Mr. H</i>.&nbsp; Did you arrest them?</p>
+<p><i>Pot</i>.&nbsp; No; we thought it better not to do so.</p>
+<p><i>Mr. H</i>.&nbsp; Did they oppose your search?</p>
+<p><i>Pot</i>.&nbsp; No.</p>
+<p><i>Mr. H</i>.&nbsp; What did they do?</p>
+<p><i>Pot</i>.&nbsp; Well, they took grinders at me and said, &ldquo;Sold!&rdquo;</p>
+<p><i>Mr. H</i>.&nbsp; Meaning, doubtless, that they had had an inkling
+of your search and had sold the arms?</p>
+<p><i>Pot</i>.&nbsp; So we gathered.</p>
+<p><i>J. N</i>. (<i>writing</i>).&nbsp; &ldquo;They did not find the
+arms because they had been sold.&rdquo;</p>
+<p><i>Mr. H</i>.&nbsp; Well, Constable, that will do.</p>
+<p><i>J. N</i>.&nbsp; Prisoner, do you wish to ask the Constable any
+questions?</p>
+<p><i>J. F</i>.&nbsp; Well, I don&rsquo;t know.&nbsp; I strongly suspect
+that you have made up your mind which way the jury shall make up their
+<!-- page 14--><span class="pagenum">p. 14</span>minds, so it isn&rsquo;t
+much use.&nbsp; However, I will ask him three questions.&nbsp; Constable
+Potlegoff, at how many do you estimate the dense crowd at Beadon Road,
+when I obstructed?</p>
+<p><i>Pot</i>.&nbsp; Upwards of a thousand.</p>
+<p><i>J. F</i>.&nbsp; H&rsquo;m; a good meeting!&nbsp; How many were
+present at that meeting of the Socialist League where we were plotting
+to make the Queen take in washing?</p>
+<p><i>Pot</i>.&nbsp; Upwards of two hundred.</p>
+<p><i>J. F</i>.&nbsp; Lastly, when I told you in the public-house that
+we were two millions strong, were you drunk or sober?</p>
+<p><i>Pot</i>.&nbsp; Sober.</p>
+<p><i>J. F</i>.&nbsp; H&rsquo;m!&nbsp; It&rsquo;s a matter of opinion
+perhaps as to when a man <i>is</i> drunk.&nbsp; Was I sober?</p>
+<p><i>Pot</i>.&nbsp; No; drunk.</p>
+<p><i>J. F</i>.&nbsp; H&rsquo;m!&nbsp; So I should think.&nbsp; That&rsquo;ll
+do, Mr. Potlegoff; I won&rsquo;t muddle your &ldquo;Rent-of-Ability&rdquo;
+any more.&nbsp; Good bye.</p>
+<p>[<span class="smcap">Sergeant Sticktoit</span> <i>called</i>.</p>
+<p><i>Mr. H</i>.&nbsp; Have you heard the prisoner speaking?</p>
+<p><i>St</i>.&nbsp; Yes.</p>
+<p><i>Mr. H</i>.&nbsp; Where?</p>
+<p><i>St</i>.&nbsp; At Beadon Road amongst other places: that&rsquo;s
+where I took him.</p>
+<p><i>Mr. H</i>.&nbsp; What was he doing?</p>
+<p><i>St</i>.&nbsp; Standing on a stool, speaking</p>
+<p><i>Mr. H</i>.&nbsp; Yes; speaking: to how many people?</p>
+<p><i>St</i>.&nbsp; About a thousand.</p>
+<p><i>Mr. H</i>.&nbsp; Could you get near him?</p>
+<p><i>St</i>.&nbsp; Nowhere near.</p>
+<p><i>Mr. H</i>.&nbsp; Well, can you tell me what he was saying?</p>
+<p><i>St</i>.&nbsp; Well, he said that all the rich people and all the
+shopkeepers (<i>glancing at the Jury</i>) should be disemboweled and
+flayed alive, and that all arrangements had been made for doing it,
+if only the workingmen would combine.&nbsp; He then went into details
+as to where various detachments were to meet in order to take the Bank
+of England and capture the Queen.&nbsp; He also threatened to smash
+Mr. Justice Nupkins&rsquo; &ldquo;Rent-of-Ability,&rdquo; by which I
+understood him to mean his skull.</p>
+<p><i>J. N</i>.&nbsp; His&mdash;my brains, you mean!</p>
+<p><i>St</i>.&nbsp; No, my lord; for he said that you&mdash;that he&mdash;hadn&rsquo;t
+any brains.</p>
+<p><i>Mr. H</i>.&nbsp; Did you find any documents or papers on him when
+he was arrested?</p>
+<p><i>St</i>.&nbsp; Yes; he had a bundle of papers with him.</p>
+<p><i>Mr. H</i>.&nbsp; Like this? (<i>showing a number of</i> &ldquo;<i>Commonweal</i>&rdquo;)</p>
+<p><i>St</i>.&nbsp; Yes.</p>
+<p><!-- page 15--><span class="pagenum">p. 15</span><i>J. F</i>. (<i>Aside</i>:
+Two quires that I couldn&rsquo;t sell, damn it!)</p>
+<p><i>Mr. H</i>.&nbsp; We put this paper in, my lord.&nbsp; Your lordship
+will notice the vileness of the incendiarism contained in it.&nbsp;
+I specially draw your attention to this article by one Bax, who as you
+will see, is familiar with the use of dynamite to a fearful extent.&nbsp;
+(J. N. <i>reads, muttering</i> &ldquo;<i>Curse of Civilisation</i>.&rdquo;)&nbsp;
+Gentlemen of the Jury that is our case.</p>
+<p><i>J. N</i>. (<i>looking up from</i> &ldquo;<i>Commonweal</i>&rdquo;).&nbsp;
+Prisoner at the bar, what have you to say?&nbsp; Do you call witnesses?</p>
+<p><i>J. F</i>.&nbsp; Yes, I call witnesses, but I haven&rsquo;t much
+to say.&nbsp; I am accused of obstruction, but I shan&rsquo;t argue
+that point, as I know that I should do myself no good by proving that
+I had not obstructed.&nbsp; I am accused of being a Socialist and a
+revolutionist.&nbsp; Well, if you, my lord, and you, gentlemen of the
+Jury, and the classes to which you belong, knew what Socialism means&mdash;and
+I fear you take some pains not to&mdash;you would also know what the
+condition of things is now, and how necessary revolution is.&nbsp; So
+if it is a crime to be a Socialist and a revolutionist, I have committed
+that crime; but the charge against me is that I am a criminal fool,
+which I am not.&nbsp; And my witnesses will show you, gentlemen of the
+Jury, that the evidence brought against me is a mass of lies of the
+silliest concoction.&nbsp; That is, they will show it you if you are
+sensible men and understand your position as jurymen, which I almost
+fear you do not.&nbsp; Well, it will not be the first time that the
+judge has usurped the function of the jury, and I would go to prison
+cheerfully enough if I could hope it would be the last.</p>
+<p>[<i>He pauses as if to listen.&nbsp; Confused noises and the sound
+of the</i> &ldquo;<i>Marseillaise</i>&rdquo; <i>a long way off</i>.&nbsp;
+(<i>Aside</i>: What is it, I wonder?&mdash;No; it&rsquo;s nothing.)</p>
+<p><i>J. N</i>.&nbsp; Prisoner, what is the matter with you?&nbsp; You
+seem to be intoxicated; and indeed I hope you are, for nothing else
+could excuse the brutality of your language.</p>
+<p><i>J. F</i>.&nbsp; Oh, don&rsquo;t put yourself out, my lord.&nbsp;
+You&rsquo;ve got the whip-hand of me, you know.&nbsp; I thought I heard
+an echo; that&rsquo;s all.&nbsp; Well, I will say no more, but call
+the Archbishop of Canterbury.</p>
+<p>[<i>Enter the</i> <span class="smcap">Archbishop</span>, <i>who is
+received with much reverence and attention.&nbsp; He is sworn</i>.</p>
+<p><i>J. F</i>.&nbsp; Your Grace, were you present at the meeting at
+Beadon Road where I was arrested?</p>
+<p><i>Arch</i>.&nbsp; Yes&mdash;yes, I <i>was</i> there.&nbsp; Strange
+to say, it was on a Sunday morning.&nbsp; I needed some little refreshment
+from the toils of ecclesiastical office.&nbsp; So I took a cab, I admit
+under the <!-- page 16--><span class="pagenum">p. 16</span>pretext of
+paying a visit to my brother of London; and having heard the fame of
+these Socialist meetings, I betook me to one of them for my instruction
+and profit: for I hold that in these days even those that are highest
+in the Church should interest themselves in social matters.</p>
+<p><i>J. F</i>.&nbsp; Well, my lord, were you pleased with what you
+saw and heard?</p>
+<p><i>Arch</i>.&nbsp; I confess, sir, that I was disappointed.</p>
+<p><i>J. F</i>.&nbsp; Why, my lord?</p>
+<p><i>Arch</i>.&nbsp; Because of the extreme paucity of the audience.</p>
+<p><i>J. F</i>.&nbsp; Were there a thousand persons present?</p>
+<p><i>Arch</i>. (<i>severely</i>).&nbsp; I must ask you not to jest
+with me in the sacredly respectable precincts of a Court of Justice.&nbsp;
+To the best of my remembrance, there were present at the commencement
+of your discourse but three persons exclusive of yourself.&nbsp; That
+fact is impressed on my mind from the rude and coarse words which you
+said when you mounted your stool or rostrum to the friend who accompanied
+you and had under his arm a bundle of a very reprehensible and ribald
+print called the <i>Commonweal</i>, one of which he, I may say, forced
+me to purchase.</p>
+<p><i>J. F</i>.&nbsp; Well, what did I say?</p>
+<p><i>Arch</i>.&nbsp; You said, &ldquo;I say, Bill! damned hard lines
+to have to speak to a lamp-post, a kid, and an old buffer&rdquo;&mdash;by
+the latter vulgarity indicating myself, as I understand.</p>
+<p><i>J. F</i>.&nbsp; Yes, my lord, so it is.&nbsp; Now let me ask you,
+if that matters, is Beadon Road a thronged thoroughfare?</p>
+<p><i>Arch</i>.&nbsp; On the contrary; at least on the morning on which
+I was there, there was a kind of Sabbath rest about it, scarcely broken
+by the harangue of yourself, sir.</p>
+<p><i>J. F</i>.&nbsp; You heard what I said, my lord?</p>
+<p><i>Arch</i>.&nbsp; I did, and was much shocked at it.</p>
+<p><i>J. F</i>.&nbsp; Well, did I say anything about bowels?</p>
+<p><i>Arch</i>.&nbsp; I regret to say that you did.</p>
+<p><i>J. F</i>.&nbsp; Do you remember the words I used?</p>
+<p><i>Arch</i>.&nbsp; Only too well.&nbsp; You said, but at great length,
+and with much embroidery of language more than questionable, that capital
+had no bowels for the worker, nor owners of capital either; and that
+since no one else would be kind to them, the workers must be kind to
+themselves and take the matter into their own hands.</p>
+<p><i>J. N</i>. (<i>making notes</i>).&nbsp; Owners of <i>the capital</i>;
+workman must take the matter&mdash;take the matter&mdash;into their
+own hands.</p>
+<p><i>J. F</i>.&nbsp; Well, I have no more questions to ask your Grace.</p>
+<p><i>Mr. H</i>.&nbsp; With many excuses, your Grace, <i>I</i> will
+ask you a question.</p>
+<p><!-- page 17--><span class="pagenum">p. 17</span><i>Arch</i>.&nbsp;
+Certainly, Mr Hungary.</p>
+<p><i>Mr. H</i>.&nbsp; You say that the audience was very small; that
+was at first; but did it not increase as time went on?</p>
+<p><i>Arch</i>.&nbsp; Yes; an itinerant vendor of ices drew up his stall
+there, and two policemen&mdash;these gentlemen&mdash;strolled in, and
+some ten or more others stood round us before the orator had finished.</p>
+<p><i>Mr. H</i>. (<i>Aside</i>: H&rsquo;m! old beggar will be so very
+specific.&nbsp; Let&rsquo;s try him as to the sedition.)&nbsp; (<i>To</i>
+<span class="smcap">Arch</span>.)&nbsp; My lord, you said that you were
+shocked at what the prisoner said: what was the nature of his discourse?</p>
+<p><i>Arch</i>.&nbsp; I regret to have to say that it was a mass of
+the most frightful incendiarism, delivered with an occasional air of
+jocularity and dry humour that made my flesh creep.&nbsp; Amidst the
+persistent attacks on property he did not spare other sacred things.&nbsp;
+He even made an attack on my position, stating (wrongly) the amount
+of my moderate stipend.&nbsp; Indeed, I think he recognised me, although
+I was partially disguised.</p>
+<p><i>J. F</i>. (<i>Aside</i>: True for you, old Benson, or else how
+could I have subp&oelig;naed you?)</p>
+<p><i>Mr. H</i>.&nbsp; I thank your Grace: that will do.</p>
+<p><i>J. F</i>.&nbsp; I now call Lord Tennyson.</p>
+<p>[<span class="smcap">Lord Tennyson</span> <i>sworn</i>.</p>
+<p><i>J. F</i>.&nbsp; My lord, have you been present, in disguise, at
+a meeting of the Socialist League in 13 Farringdon Road?</p>
+<p><i>Lord T</i>.&nbsp; What&rsquo;s that to you?&nbsp; What do you
+want to know for?&nbsp; Yes, I have, if it comes to that.</p>
+<p><i>J. F</i>.&nbsp; Who brought you there?</p>
+<p><i>Lord T</i>.&nbsp; A policeman: one Potlegoff.&nbsp; I thought
+he was a Russian by his name, but it seems he is an Englishman&mdash;and
+a liar.&nbsp; He said it would be exciting: so I went.</p>
+<p><i>J. F</i>.&nbsp; And was it exciting?</p>
+<p><i>Lord T</i>.&nbsp; NO: it was <i>dull</i>.</p>
+<p><i>J. F</i>.&nbsp; How many were present?</p>
+<p><i>Lord T</i>.&nbsp; Seventeen: I counted them, because I hadn&rsquo;t
+got anything else to do.</p>
+<p><i>J. F</i>.&nbsp; Did they plot anything dreadful?</p>
+<p><i>Lord T</i>.&nbsp; Not that I could hear.&nbsp; They sat and smoked;
+and one fool was in the chair, and another fool read letters; and then
+they worried till I was sick of it as to where such and such fools should
+go to spout folly the next week; and now and then an old bald-headed
+fool and a stumpy little fool in blue made jokes, at which they laughed
+a good deal; but I couldn&rsquo;t understand the jokes&mdash;and I came
+away.</p>
+<p><i>J. F</i>.&nbsp; Thank you, my lord.</p>
+<p><!-- page 18--><span class="pagenum">p. 18</span><i>Mr. H</i>.&nbsp;
+My lord Tennyson, I wish to ask you a question.&nbsp; You say that you
+couldn&rsquo;t understand their jokes: but could you understand them
+when they were in earnest?</p>
+<p><i>Lord T</i>.&nbsp; No, I couldn&rsquo;t: I can&rsquo;t say I tried.&nbsp;
+I don&rsquo;t want to understand Socialism: it doesn&rsquo;t belong
+to my time.&nbsp; [<i>Exit</i>.</p>
+<p><i>J. F</i>.&nbsp; I call Professor Tyndall.</p>
+<p>[<span class="smcap">Professor Tyndall</span> <i>sworn</i>.</p>
+<p><i>J. F</i>.&nbsp; Professor Tyndall, have you seen me before?</p>
+<p><i>Pro. T</i>.&nbsp; Yes; I have seen you in a public-house, where
+I went to collect the opinions of the lower orders against Mr. Gladstone.</p>
+<p><i>J. F</i>.&nbsp; Who was I with?</p>
+<p><i>Pro. T</i>.&nbsp; You were with a man whom I was told was a policeman
+in plain clothes, and with some others that I assume to have been friends
+of yours, as you winked at them and you and they were laughing together
+as you talked to the policeman.</p>
+<p><i>J. F</i>.&nbsp; Do you see the policeman in Court?</p>
+<p><i>Pro. T</i>.&nbsp; Yes; there he is.</p>
+<p><i>J. F</i>.&nbsp; Was he drunk or sober?</p>
+<p><i>Pro. T</i>.&nbsp; What, now?</p>
+<p><i>J. F</i>.&nbsp; No&mdash;then.</p>
+<p><i>Pro. T</i>. (<i>with decision</i>).&nbsp; Drunk.</p>
+<p><i>J. F</i>.&nbsp; Was I drunk?</p>
+<p><i>Pro. T</i>.&nbsp; What, now?</p>
+<p><i>J. F</i>.&nbsp; No&mdash;then; though you may tell me whether
+I&rsquo;m drunk or not now, if you like, and define drunkenness scientifically.</p>
+<p><i>Pro. T</i>.&nbsp; Well, you were so, so.</p>
+<p><i>J. F</i>.&nbsp; Thank you, Professor.</p>
+<p><i>Mr. H</i>.&nbsp; One question, Professor Tyndall.&nbsp; Did you
+hear what the prisoner was saying to the policeman&mdash;who, by the
+way, was, I suspect, only shamming drunkenness?</p>
+<p><i>J. F</i>. (<i>Aside</i>: He could carry a good deal, then.)</p>
+<p><i>Pro. T</i>.&nbsp; Yes, I heard him.&nbsp; He was boasting of the
+extent and power of the Socialist organisation.</p>
+<p><i>Mr. H</i>.&nbsp; And did you believe it? did it surprise you?</p>
+<p><i>Pro. T</i>.&nbsp; It did not in the least surprise me: it seemed
+to me the natural consequences of Gladstone&rsquo;s Home Rule Bill.&nbsp;
+As to believing it, I knew he was jesting; but I thought that his jesting
+concealed very serious earnest.&nbsp; He seemed to me a determined,
+cunning, and most dangerous person.</p>
+<p><i>Mr. H</i>.&nbsp; I thank you, professor.&nbsp; [<i>Exit</i> <span class="smcap">Pro</span>.
+<span class="smcap">T</span>.</p>
+<p><i>J. N</i>.&nbsp; Prisoner, do you want to re-examine the witnesses?&nbsp;
+What&rsquo;s that noise outside?&nbsp; They ought to be arrested.</p>
+<p>[&ldquo;<i>Marseillaise</i>&rdquo; <i>again without, and tumult nearer</i>.&nbsp;
+<span class="smcap">Freeman</span> <i>listens intently, without heeding
+the</i> <span class="smcap">Judge</span>.</p>
+<p><!-- page 19--><span class="pagenum">p. 19</span><i>J. N</i>.&nbsp;
+Prisoner, why don&rsquo;t you answer?&nbsp; Your insolence won&rsquo;t
+serve you here, I can tell you.</p>
+<p><i>J. F</i>.&nbsp; I was listening, Judge; I thought I heard that
+echo again.</p>
+<p><i>J. N</i>.&nbsp; Echo again!&nbsp; What does the fellow mean?&nbsp;
+It&rsquo;s my belief you&rsquo;re drunk, sir: that you have stimulated
+your courage by liquor.</p>
+<p><i>A Voice</i>.&nbsp; Look out for <i>your</i> courage, old cockywax;
+you may have something to try it presently!</p>
+<p><i>J. N</i>.&nbsp; Officer, arrest that pernicious foreigner.</p>
+<p>[<span class="smcap">Usher</span> <i>promenades once more</i>.</p>
+<p><i>J. N</i>. (<i>Aside</i>: I don&rsquo;t like it: I&rsquo;m afraid
+there is something going to happen.)&nbsp; (<i>To Court</i>) Mr. Hungary.</p>
+<p><i>Mr. H</i>.&nbsp; My lord and gentlemen of the Jury, the prisoner&rsquo;s
+mingled levity and bitterness leaves me little to answer to.&nbsp; I
+can only say, gentlemen of the Jury, that I am convinced that you will
+do your duty.&nbsp; As to the evidence, I need make no lengthened comments
+on it, because I am sure his lordship will save me the trouble.&nbsp;
+(<i>Aside</i>: Trust him!)&nbsp; It is his habit&mdash;his laudable
+habit&mdash;to lead juries through the intricacies which beset unprofessional
+minds in dealing with evidence.&nbsp; For the rest, there is little
+need to point out the weight of the irrefragible testimony of the sergeant
+and constable,&mdash;men trained to bring forward those portions of
+the facts which come under their notice which <i>are</i> weighty.&nbsp;
+I will not insult you, my lord, by pointing out to intelligent gentlemen
+in your presence how the evidence of the distinguished and illustrious
+personages so vexatiously called by the prisoner, so far from shaking
+the official evidence, really confirms it.&nbsp; (<i>Aside</i>: I wonder
+what all that row is about?&nbsp; I wish I were out of this and at home.)&nbsp;
+Gentlemen of the Jury, I repeat that I expect you to do your duty and
+defend yourselves from the bloodthirsty designs of the dangerous revolutionist
+now before you.&nbsp; (<i>Aside</i>: Well, now I&rsquo;m off, and the
+sooner the better; there&rsquo;s a row on somewhere.)&nbsp; [<i>Exit</i>.</p>
+<p><i>J. N</i>.&nbsp; Gentlemen of the Jury, I need not expatiate to
+you on the importance of the case before you.&nbsp; There are two charges
+brought against the prisoner, but one so transcends the other in importance&mdash;nay,
+I may say swallows it up&mdash;that I imagine your attention will be
+almost wholly fixed on that&mdash;the charge of conspiring and inciting
+to riot.&nbsp; Besides, on the lesser charge the evidence is so simple
+and crystal-clear that I need but allude to it.&nbsp; I will only remark
+on the law of the case, that committing an obstruction is a peculiar
+offence, since it is committed by everyone who, being in a public thoroughfare,
+does not walk briskly through the streets from his starting-place to
+his goal.&nbsp; <!-- page 20--><span class="pagenum">p. 20</span>There
+is no need to show that some other person is hindered by him in his
+loitering, since obviously that <i>might</i> be the case; and besides,
+his loitering might hinder another from forming in his mind a legitimate
+wish to be there, and so might do him a very special and peculiar injury.&nbsp;
+In fact, gentlemen, it has been doubted whether this grave offence of
+obstruction is not always being committed by everybody, as a corollary
+to the well-known axiom in physics that two bodies cannot occupy the
+same space at one and the same time.&nbsp; So much, gentlemen, for the
+lesser accusation.&nbsp; As to the far more serious one, I scarcely
+know in what words to impress upon you the gravity of the accusation.&nbsp;
+The crime is an attack on the public safety, gentlemen; if it has been
+committed, gentlemen&mdash;if it has been committed.&nbsp; On that point
+you are bound by your oaths to decide according to the evidence; and
+I must tell you that the learned counsel was in error when he told you
+that I should direct your views as to that evidence.&nbsp; It is for
+you to say whether you believe that the witnesses were speaking what
+was consonant with truth.&nbsp; But I am bound to point out to you that
+whereas the evidence for the prosecution was clear, definite, and consecutive,
+that for the defence had no such pretensions.&nbsp; Indeed, gentlemen,
+I am at a loss to discover why the prisoner put those illustrious and
+respectable personages to so much trouble and inconvenience merely to
+confirm in a remarkable way the evidence of the sergeant and the constable.&nbsp;
+His Grace the Archbishop said that there were but three persons present
+when the prisoner <i>began</i> speaking; but he has told us very clearly
+that before the end of the discourse there were ten, or more.&nbsp;
+You must look at those latter words, <i>or more</i>, as a key to reconcile
+the apparent discrepancy between his Grace&rsquo;s evidence and that
+of constable Potlegoff.&nbsp; This, however, is a matter of little importance,
+after what I have told you about the law in the case of obstruction.&nbsp;
+His Grace&rsquo;s clear remembrance of the horrible language of the
+prisoner, and the shuddering disgust that it produced on him, is a very
+different matter.&nbsp; Although his remembrance of the <i>ipsissima
+verba</i> does not quite tally with that of the constable, it is clear
+that both the Archbishop and the policeman have noted the real significance
+of what was said: The owners of this capital, said the prisoner&mdash;</p>
+<p><i>J. F</i>.&nbsp; I said nothing of the kind.</p>
+<p><i>J. N</i>.&nbsp; Yes you did, sir.&nbsp; Those were the very words
+you said: I have got it down in my notes of his Grace&rsquo;s evidence.&nbsp;
+What is the use of your denying it, when your own witness gives evidence
+of it?&nbsp; Hold your tongue, sir.&mdash;And the workingmen, says the
+prisoner, must take the matter into their own hands.&nbsp; Take it <!-- page 21--><span class="pagenum">p. 21</span>into
+<i>their own hands</i>, gentlemen, and take <i>the matter</i> into their
+hands.&nbsp; What matter are they to take into their hands?&nbsp; Are
+we justified in thinking that the prisoner was speaking metaphorically?&nbsp;
+Gentlemen, I must tell you that the maxim that in weighing evidence
+you need not go beyond the most direct explanation guides us here; forbids
+us to think that the prisoner was speaking metaphorically, and compels
+us to suppose that the <i>matter</i> which is to be in the <i>hands</i>
+of the workmen, their very <i>hands</i>, gentlemen, is&mdash;what?&nbsp;
+Why, (<i>in an awe-struck whisper</i>) the bowels of the owners of the
+capital, that is of this metropolis&mdash;London!&nbsp; Nor, gentlemen,
+are the means whereby those respectable persons, the owners of house
+property in London, to be disembowelled left doubtful: the raising of
+armed men by the million, concealed weapons, and an organisation capable
+of frustrating the search for them.&nbsp; Nay, an article in the paper
+which impudently calls itself (<i>reading the</i> &ldquo;<i>Commonweal</i>&rdquo;)
+the official journal of the Socialist League, written by one Bax, who
+ought to be standing in the same dock with the prisoner&mdash;an article
+in which he attacks the sacredness of civilisation&mdash;is murky with
+the word dynamic or dynamite.&nbsp; And you must not forget, gentlemen,
+that the prisoner accepts his responsibility for all these words and
+deeds.&nbsp; With the utmost effrontery having pleaded &ldquo;Not Guilty,&rdquo;
+he says, &ldquo;I am a Socialist and a Revolutionist&rdquo;!&mdash;Thus
+much, gentlemen, my duty compels me to lay before you as to the legal
+character of the evidence.&nbsp; But you must clearly understand that
+it rests with you and not with me to decide as to whether the evidence
+shows this man to be guilty.&nbsp; It is you, gentlemen of the Jury,
+who are responsible for the verdict, whatever it may be; and I must
+be permitted to add that letting this man loose upon society will be
+a very heavy responsibility for you to accept.</p>
+<p>[<i>The Jury consult: the noise outside increases</i>.</p>
+<p><i>J. F</i>. (<i>Aside</i>; Hilloa! what <i>is</i> going on?&nbsp;
+I begin to think there&rsquo;s a row up!)</p>
+<p><i>Foreman of the Jury</i>.&nbsp; My lord, we are agreed upon our
+verdict.</p>
+<p><i>J. N</i>.&nbsp; Do you find the prisoner at the bar &ldquo;Guilty&rdquo;
+or &ldquo;Not Guilty&rdquo;?</p>
+<p><i>F. of J</i>.&nbsp; Guilty, my lord.</p>
+<p><i>J. F</i>.&nbsp; Just <i>so</i>.</p>
+<p><i>J. N</i>.&nbsp; Prisoner at the bar, you have been fairly tried
+and found guilty by a jury of your fellow-countrymen of two most serious
+offences&mdash;crimes, I should say.&nbsp; If I had not to pronounce
+sentence upon one whose conscience is seared and case-hardened to an
+unexampled degree, I might have some words to say to you.&nbsp; <!-- page 22--><span class="pagenum">p. 22</span>(<i>Aside</i>:
+And also if I didn&rsquo;t want to get out of this as quick as I can;
+for I&rsquo;m sure there is some row going on.)&nbsp; As it is, I will
+add no words to my sentence.&nbsp; (<i>Aside</i>: I wish I were <i>off</i>,
+but let&rsquo;s give it him hot and heavy!)&nbsp; I sentence you to
+six years&rsquo; penal servitude and to pay a fine of &pound;100.</p>
+<p><i>J. F</i>.&nbsp; Well, its pretty much what I expected of <i>you</i>.&nbsp;
+As to the &pound;100, don&rsquo;t you wish you may get it; and as to
+the six years&mdash;</p>
+<p>[<i>Great noise</i>; &ldquo;<i>Marseillaise</i>&rdquo; <i>sung quite
+close</i>; <i>hammering on the doors</i>.</p>
+<p><i>J. F</i>.&nbsp; Hark! what&rsquo;s that?</p>
+<p><i>J. N</i>. (<i>in a quavering voice</i>).&nbsp; Remove the prisoner!</p>
+<p>[<i>Enter a</i> <span class="smcap">Socialist</span> ensign <i>with
+a red flag in his hand</i>.</p>
+<p><i>S. E</i>.&nbsp; Remove the prisoner!&nbsp; Yes, that&rsquo;s just
+what I&rsquo;ve come to do, my lord.&nbsp; The Tables are Turned now!</p>
+<p><i>J. N</i>. (<i>rising and prepared to go</i>).&nbsp; Arrest that
+man!</p>
+<p><i>S. E</i>.&nbsp; Yes, do&mdash;if you can.</p>
+<p><i>J. F</i>.&nbsp; What does it all mean, Bill?</p>
+<p><i>S. E</i>.&nbsp; The very beginning of it, Jack.&nbsp; It seems
+we have not been sanguine enough.&nbsp; The Revolution we were all looking
+forward to had been going on all along, and now the last act has begun.&nbsp;
+The reactionists are fighting, and pretty badly too, for the soldiers
+are beginning to remember that they too belong to the &ldquo;lower classes&rdquo;&mdash;the
+lower classes&mdash;hurrah!&nbsp; You must come along at once, Freeman;
+we shall want you in our quarter.&nbsp; Don&rsquo;t waste another minute
+with these fools.</p>
+<p><i>J. N</i>. (<i>screaming</i>).&nbsp; Help, help!&nbsp; Murder,
+murder!</p>
+<p><i>S. E</i>.&nbsp; Murder!&mdash;murder a louse!&nbsp; Who&rsquo;s
+hurting you, old gentleman?&nbsp; Don&rsquo;t make such a noise.&nbsp;
+We&rsquo;ll try and make some use of you when we have time, but we must
+bustle now.&nbsp; Come on, Jack.&nbsp; Stop a bit, though; where&rsquo;s
+the Clerk of the Court?&nbsp; Oh, there!&nbsp; Clerk, we shall want
+this Court-house almost directly to use for a free market for this district.&nbsp;
+There have been too many people starving and half-starving this long
+time; and the first thing that we&rsquo;ve got to see to is that every
+one has enough to eat, drink, and wear, and a proper roof over his head.</p>
+<p><i>J. N</i>.&nbsp; Murder! thieves! fire!</p>
+<p><i>S. E</i>.&nbsp; There, there!&nbsp; Don&rsquo;t make such a row,
+old fellow!&nbsp; Get out of this, and bellow in the fields with the
+horned cattle, if you must bellow.&nbsp; Perhaps they&rsquo;ll want
+Courts of Justice now, as we don&rsquo;t.&nbsp; And as for you, good
+fellows, all give a cheer for the Social Revolution which has Turned
+the Tables; and so&mdash;to work&mdash;to work!</p>
+<p>[<span class="smcap">Judge</span> <i>screams and faints, and Curtain
+falls</i>.</p>
+<h2><!-- page 23--><span class="pagenum">p. 23</span>PART II.</h2>
+<p>SCENE.&mdash;<i>The Fields near a Country Village; a Copse close
+by.&nbsp; Time&mdash;After the Revolution</i>.</p>
+<p>[<i>Enter</i> <span class="smcap">Citizen</span> (<i>late</i> <span class="smcap">Justice</span>)
+<span class="smcap">Nupkins</span>.&nbsp; <i>He looks cautiously about
+to right and left, then sits down on the ground</i>.]</p>
+<p><i>C. N</i>.&nbsp; Now I think I may safely take a little rest: all
+is quiet here.&nbsp; Yet there are houses in the distance, and wherever
+there are houses now, there are enemies of law and order.&nbsp; Well,
+at least, here is a good thick copse for me to hide in in case anybody
+comes.&nbsp; What am I to do?&nbsp; I shall be hunted down at last.&nbsp;
+It&rsquo;s true that those last people gave me a good belly-full, and
+asked me no questions; but they looked at me very hard.&nbsp; One of
+these times they will bring me before a magistrate, and then it will
+be all over with me.&nbsp; I shall be charged as a rogue and a vagabond,
+and made to give an account of myself; and then they will find out who
+I am, and then I shall be hanged&mdash;I shall be hanged&mdash;I, Justice
+Nupkins!&nbsp; Ah, the happy days when <i>I</i> used to sentence people
+to be hanged!&nbsp; How easy life was then, and now how hard!&nbsp;
+[<i>Hides his face in his hands and weeps</i>.</p>
+<p>[<i>Enter</i> <span class="smcap">Mary Pinch</span>, <i>prettily
+dressed</i>.]</p>
+<p><i>M. P</i>.&nbsp; How pleasant it is this morning!&nbsp; These hot
+late summer mornings, when the first pears are ripening, and the wheat
+is nearly ready for cutting, and the river is low and weedy, remind
+me most of the times when I was a little freckle-faced child, when I
+was happy in spite of everything, though it was hard lines enough sometimes.&nbsp;
+Well, well, I can think of those times with pleasure now; it&rsquo;s
+like living the best of the early days over again, now we are so happy,
+and the children like to grow up straight and comely, and not having
+their poor little faces all creased into anxious lines.&nbsp; Yes, I
+am my old self come to life again; it&rsquo;s all like a pretty picture
+of the past days.&nbsp; They were brave men. and good fellows who helped
+to bring it about: I feel almost like saying my prayers to them.&nbsp;
+And yet there were people&mdash;yes, and poor people too&mdash;who couldn&rsquo;t
+bear the idea of it.&nbsp; I wonder what they think of it now.&nbsp;
+I wish, sometimes, I could make people understand how I felt when they
+came to me in prison, where all things were so miserable that, heaven
+be praised! I can&rsquo;t remember its misery now, and they brought
+Robert to me, and he hugged me and kissed me, and said, when he stood
+away from me a little, &ldquo;Come, Mary, we are going home, and we&rsquo;re
+going to be happy; for the rich people are gone, and <!-- page 24--><span class="pagenum">p. 24</span>there&rsquo;s
+no more starving or stealing.&rdquo;&nbsp; And I didn&rsquo;t know what
+he meant, but I saw such a look in his eyes and in the eyes of those
+who were with him, that my feet seemed scarcely on the ground; as if
+I were going to fly.&nbsp; And how tired out I was with happiness before
+the day was done!&nbsp; Just to think that my last-born child will not
+know what to be poor meant; and nobody will ever be able to make him
+understand it.&nbsp; [<span class="smcap">Nupkins</span> <i>groans</i>.]&nbsp;
+Hilloa!&nbsp; What&rsquo;s the matter?&nbsp; Why, there&rsquo;s a man
+ill or in trouble; an oldish man, too.&nbsp; Poor old fellow!&nbsp;
+Citizen, what&rsquo;s the matter?&nbsp; How can I help you?</p>
+<p><i>C. N</i>. (<i>jumping up with a howl</i>).&nbsp; Ah, they are
+upon me!&nbsp; That dreadful word &ldquo;citizen&rdquo;!&nbsp; (<i>Looks
+at</i> <span class="smcap">M. P.</span> <i>and staggers back</i>).&nbsp;
+Oh, Lord! is it?&nbsp; Yes, it <i>is</i>&mdash;the woman that I sentenced
+on that horrible morning, the last morning I adorned the judicial bench.</p>
+<p><i>M. P</i>.&nbsp; What <i>is</i> the matter?&nbsp; And how badly
+you&rsquo;re dressed; and you seem afraid.&nbsp; What <i>can</i> you
+be afraid of?&nbsp; If I am not afraid of the cows, I am sure you needn&rsquo;t
+be&mdash;with your great thick stick, too.&nbsp; (<i>She looks at him
+and laughs, and says aside</i>, Why to be sure, if it isn&rsquo;t that
+silly, spiteful old man that sentenced me on the last of the bad days
+before we all got so happy together!)&nbsp; (<i>To</i> N.)&nbsp; Why,
+Mr. Nupkins&mdash;citizen&mdash;I remember you; you are an old acquaintance:
+I&rsquo;ll go and call my husband.</p>
+<p><i>C. N</i>.&nbsp; Oh, no! no! don&rsquo;t! <i>please</i> don&rsquo;t!&mdash;(<i>Aside</i>:
+There, there, I&rsquo;m done for&mdash;can I run away?&mdash;No use&mdash;perhaps
+I might soften her.&nbsp; I used to be called eloquent&mdash;by the
+penny-a-liners.&nbsp; I&rsquo;ve made a jury cry&mdash;I think&mdash;let
+me try it.&nbsp; Gentlemen of the Jury, remember the sad change in my
+client&rsquo;s position! remember.&mdash;Oh, I&rsquo;m going mad, I
+think&mdash;she remembers me)&nbsp; (<i>Kneels before her</i>) Oh, woman,
+woman, spare me!&nbsp; Let me crawl into the copse and die quietly there!</p>
+<p><i>M. P</i>.&nbsp; Spare you, citizen?&nbsp; Well, I could have spared
+you once, well enough, and so could many another poor devil have done.&nbsp;
+But as to dying in the copse, no, I really can&rsquo;t let you do that.&nbsp;
+You must come home to our house, and we&rsquo;ll see what can be done
+with you.&nbsp; It&rsquo;s our old house, but really nice enough, now;
+all that pretty picture of plenty that I told you about on that day
+when you were so hard upon me has come to pass, and more.</p>
+<p><i>C. N</i>.&nbsp; Oh, no!&nbsp; I can&rsquo;t come!</p>
+<p><i>M. P</i>.&nbsp; Oh, yes; you can get as far as that, and we&rsquo;ll
+give you something to eat and drink, and then you&rsquo;ll be stronger.&nbsp;
+It will really please me, if you&rsquo;ll come; I&rsquo;m like a child
+with a new toy, these days, and want to show new-comers all that&rsquo;s
+going on.&nbsp; Come along, and I&rsquo;ll show you the pretty new hall
+they are building for our parish; it&rsquo;s such a pleasure to stand
+and watch the <!-- page 25--><span class="pagenum">p. 25</span>lads
+at work there, as merry as grigs.&nbsp; Hark! you may hear their trowels
+clinking from here.&nbsp; And, Mr. Nupkins, you mustn&rsquo;t think
+I stole those loaves; I really didn&rsquo;t.</p>
+<p><i>C. N</i>.&nbsp; Oh, dear me!&nbsp; Oh, dear me!&nbsp; She wants
+to get me away and murder me!&nbsp; I won&rsquo;t go.</p>
+<p><i>M. P</i>.&nbsp; How <i>can</i> you talk such nonsense?&nbsp; Why,
+on earth, should I murder you?</p>
+<p><i>C. N</i>. (<i>sobbing</i>).&nbsp; Judicially, judicially!</p>
+<p><i>M. P</i>.&nbsp; How silly you are!&nbsp; I really don&rsquo;t
+know what you mean.&nbsp; Well, if you won&rsquo;t come with me, I&rsquo;m
+off; but you know where to go when you want your dinner.&nbsp; But if
+you still owe me a grudge, which would be very silly of you, any of
+the people in the houses yonder will give you your food.&nbsp; [<i>Exit</i>.</p>
+<p><i>C. N</i>.&nbsp; There!&nbsp; She&rsquo;s going to fetch some ferocious
+revolutionaries to make an end of me.&nbsp; It&rsquo;s no use trying
+to stop her now.&nbsp; I will flee in another direction; perhaps I shan&rsquo;t
+always meet people I&rsquo;ve sentenced.</p>
+<p>[<i>As he is going he runs up against</i> <span class="smcap">William
+Joyce</span>, <i>once</i> <span class="smcap">Socialist Ensign</span>,
+<i>entering from the other side</i>.</p>
+<p><i>William Joyce</i>.&nbsp; Hilloa, citizen! look out! (<i>looking
+at him</i>)&nbsp; But I say, what&rsquo;s the matter with you?&nbsp;
+You are queerly rigged.&nbsp; Why, I haven&rsquo;t seen a man in such
+a condition for many a long day.&nbsp; You&rsquo;re like an ancient
+ruin, a dream of past times.&nbsp; No, really I don&rsquo;t mean to
+hurt your feelings.&nbsp; Can I do anything to help you?</p>
+<p>[C. N. <i>covers his face with his hands and moans</i>.</p>
+<p><i>W. J</i>.&nbsp; Hilloa!&nbsp; Why, I&rsquo;m blessed if it isn&rsquo;t
+the old bird who was on the bench that morning, sentencing comrade Jack!&nbsp;
+What&rsquo;s <i>he</i> been doing, I wonder?&nbsp; I say, don&rsquo;t
+you remember me, citizen?&nbsp; I&rsquo;m the character who came in
+with the red flag that morning when you were playing the last of your
+queer games up yonder.&nbsp; Cheer up, man! we&rsquo;ll find something
+for you to do, though you have been so badly educated.</p>
+<p><i>C. N</i>.&nbsp; Spare me, I entreat you!&nbsp; Don&rsquo;t let
+it be known who I am, pray don&rsquo;t, or I shall certainly be hanged.&nbsp;
+Don&rsquo;t hang me; give me hard labour for life, but don&rsquo;t hang
+me!&nbsp; Yes, I confess I was Judge Nupkins; but don&rsquo;t give me
+up!&nbsp; I&rsquo;ll be your servant, your slave all my life; only don&rsquo;t
+bring me before a magistrate.&nbsp; They are so unfair, and so hard!</p>
+<p><i>W. J</i>.&nbsp; Well, what do you think of a judge, old fellow?</p>
+<p><i>C. N</i>.&nbsp; That&rsquo;s nearly as bad, but not quite; because
+sometimes there&rsquo;s a cantankerous blackguard on the jury who won&rsquo;t
+convict, and insists on letting a man off.&nbsp; But, please, pray think
+better <!-- page 26--><span class="pagenum">p. 26</span>of it, and let
+it be a private matter, if you must needs punish me.&nbsp; I won&rsquo;t
+bring an action against you, whatever you do.&nbsp; Don&rsquo;t make
+it a judicial matter!&nbsp; Look here, I&rsquo;ll sign a bond to be
+your servant for ever without wages if you will but feed me.&nbsp; I
+suffer so from not having my meals regularly.&nbsp; If you only knew
+how bad it is to be hungry and not to be sure of getting a meal.</p>
+<p><i>W. J</i>.&nbsp; Yes, Nupkins; but you see, I <i>do</i> know only
+too well&mdash;but that&rsquo;s all gone by.&nbsp; Yet, if you had only
+known that some time ago, or let&rsquo;s say, guessed at it, it might
+have been the better for you now.</p>
+<p><i>C. N</i>. (<i>aside</i>; Oh, how jeering and hard he looks!)&nbsp;
+Oh, spare me, and don&rsquo;t send me to the workhouse!&nbsp; You&rsquo;ve
+no idea how they bully people there.&nbsp; I didn&rsquo;t mean to be
+a bad or hard man; I didn&rsquo;t indeed.</p>
+<p><i>W. J</i>.&nbsp; Well, I must say if you meant to be anything else,
+you botched the job!&nbsp; But I suppose, in fact, you didn&rsquo;t
+mean anything at all.&mdash;So much the worse for you.&nbsp; (<i>Aside</i>:
+I must do a little cat and mouse with him).</p>
+<p><i>C. N</i>.&nbsp; Oh, spare me, spare me!&nbsp; I&rsquo;ll work
+so hard for you.&nbsp; Keep it dark as to who I am.&nbsp; It will be
+such an advantage you&rsquo;re having me all to yourself.</p>
+<p><i>W. J</i>.&nbsp; Would it, indeed?&nbsp; Well, I doubt that.</p>
+<p><i>C. N</i>.&nbsp; Oh, I think so.&nbsp; I really am a good lawyer.</p>
+<p><i>W. J</i>.&nbsp; H&rsquo;m, that would be rather less useful than
+a dead jackass&mdash;unless one came to the conclusion of making cat&rsquo;s
+meat of you.</p>
+<p><i>C. N</i>. (<i>aside</i>, Oh, I&rsquo;m sick at heart at his hinted
+threats).&nbsp; Mr. Socialist, don&rsquo;t you see I could put you up
+to all sorts of dodges by which you could get hold of odds and ends
+of property&mdash;as I suppose you have some sort of property still&mdash;and
+the titles of the land must be very shaky just after a revolution?&nbsp;
+I tell you I could put you up to things which would make you a person
+of great importance; as good as what a lord used to be.</p>
+<p><i>W. J</i>. (<i>aside</i>, Oh, you old blackguard!&nbsp; What&rsquo;s
+bred in the bone won&rsquo;t come out of the flesh.&nbsp; I really must
+frighten the old coward a little; besides, the council <i>has</i> got
+to settle what&rsquo;s to be done with him, or the old idiot will put
+us to shame by dying on our hands of fright and stupidity.)&nbsp; (<i>To</i>
+N.)&nbsp; Nupkins, I really don&rsquo;t know what to do with you as
+a slave; I&rsquo;m afraid that you would corrupt the morals of my children;
+that you would set them quarrelling and tell them lies.&nbsp; There&rsquo;s
+nothing for it but you must come before the Council of our Commune:
+they&rsquo;ll meet presently under yonder tree this fine day.</p>
+<p><i>C. N</i>.&nbsp; No, no, don&rsquo;t!&nbsp; Pray let me go and
+drag out the remainder of a miserable existence without being brought
+before <!-- page 27--><span class="pagenum">p. 27</span>a magistrate
+and sent to prison!&nbsp; You don&rsquo;t know what a dreadful thing
+it is.</p>
+<p><i>W. J</i>.&nbsp; You&rsquo;re wrong again, Nupkins.&nbsp; I know
+all about it.&nbsp; The stupid red tape that hinders the Court from
+getting at the truth; the impossibility of making your stupid judge
+understand the real state of the case, because he is not thinking of
+you and your life as a man, but of a set of rules drawn up to allow
+men to make money of other people&rsquo;s misfortunes; and then to prison
+with you; and your miserable helplessness in the narrow cell, and the
+feeling as if you must be stifled; and not even a pencil to write with,
+or knife to whittle with, or even a pocket to put anything in.&nbsp;
+I don&rsquo;t say anything about the starvation diet, because other
+people besides prisoners were starved or half-starved.&nbsp; Oh, Nupkins,
+Nupkins! it&rsquo;s a pity you couldn&rsquo;t have thought of all this
+before.</p>
+<p><i>C. N</i>. (<i>aside</i>: Oh, what terrible revenge is he devising
+for me?) (<i>to</i> W. J.)&nbsp; Sir, sir, let me slip away before the
+Court meets.&nbsp; (<i>Aside</i>: A pretty Court, out in the open-air!&nbsp;
+Much they&rsquo;ll know about law!)</p>
+<p><i>W. J</i>.&nbsp; Citizen Nupkins, don&rsquo;t you stir from here!&nbsp;
+You&rsquo;ll see another old acquaintance presently&mdash;Jack Freeman,
+whom you were sending off to six years of it when the red flag came
+in that day.&mdash;And in good time here he is.</p>
+<p>[<i>Enter</i> <span class="smcap">Jack Freeman</span>, <i>sauntering
+in dressed in a blouse, smoking, a billycock on his head, and his hands
+in his pockets</i>.</p>
+<p><i>W. J</i>.&nbsp; There&rsquo;s your judge, Citizen Nupkins!&nbsp;
+No, Jack, you needn&rsquo;t take your hands out of your pockets to shake
+hands with me; I know your ways and your manners.&nbsp; But look here!
+(<i>pointing to</i> <span class="smcap">Nupkins</span>).</p>
+<p><i>J. F</i>.&nbsp; Why, what next?&nbsp; There&rsquo;s no mistaking
+him, it&rsquo;s my old acquaintance Mr. Justice Nupkins.&nbsp; Why you
+seem down on your luck, neighbour.&nbsp; What can I do to help you?</p>
+<p>[<span class="smcap">Nupkins</span> <i>moans</i>.</p>
+<p><i>W. J</i>. (<i>winking at</i> <span class="smcap">Freeman</span>).&nbsp;
+You&rsquo;ve got to try him, Jack.</p>
+<p><i>J. F</i>.&nbsp; Why, what has he been doing?&nbsp; (<i>Aside</i>,
+I say, old fellow, what game are you up to now?)</p>
+<p><i>W. J</i>.&nbsp; Doing? why nothing.&nbsp; That&rsquo;s just it;
+something must be done with him.&nbsp; He must come before the council:
+but I&rsquo;m afraid he&rsquo;s not of much use to anyone.&nbsp; (<i>Aside</i>,
+I say, Jack, he is a mere jelly of fear: thinks that we are going to
+kill him and eat him, I believe.&nbsp; I must carry it on a little longer;
+don&rsquo;t spoil all my fun.)</p>
+<p><!-- page 28--><span class="pagenum">p. 28</span><i>J. F</i>. (<i>Aside</i>,
+<i>to</i> W. J.)&nbsp; Well, certainly he deserves it, but take care
+that he doesn&rsquo;t die of fear on your hands, Bill.&nbsp; (<i>Aloud</i>)
+Well, the council will meet in a minute or two, and then we will take
+his case.</p>
+<p><i>C. N</i>. (<i>to</i> J. F.)&nbsp; Oh, sir, sir, spare me and don&rsquo;t
+judge me!&nbsp; I&rsquo;ll be servant to you all my life!</p>
+<p><i>W. J</i>.&nbsp; Why Nupkins, what&rsquo;s this?&nbsp; You promised
+to be a servant to <i>me</i>!</p>
+<p><i>J. F</i>.&nbsp; Citizen Nupkins, I really must say thank-you for
+nothing.&nbsp; What the deuce could I do with a servant?&nbsp; Now don&rsquo;t
+you trouble yourself; the council will see to your affairs.&nbsp; And
+in good time here come the neighbours.</p>
+<p>[<i>Enter the Neighbours</i>, <span class="smcap">Robert Pinch</span>,
+<span class="smcap">Mart Pinch</span>, <i>and others</i>.</p>
+<p><i>W. J</i>.&nbsp; Now for it, Nupkins!&nbsp; Bear your own troubles
+as well as you used to bear other peoples&rsquo;, and then you&rsquo;ll
+do very well.</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">Jack Freeman</span> <i>takes his seat on the
+ground under the tree, the others standing and sitting about him</i>:
+<span class="smcap">William Joyce</span> <i>makes a show of guarding</i>
+<span class="smcap">Nupkins</span>, <i>at which the neighbours look
+rather astonished; but he nods and winks to them, and they see there
+is some joke toward and say nothing</i>.</p>
+<p><i>J. F</i>.&nbsp; Well, neighbours, what&rsquo;s the business to-day?</p>
+<p><i>1st Neighbour</i>.&nbsp; I have to report that three loads of
+that oak for the hall-roof have come to hand; it&rsquo;s well-seasoned
+good timber, so there need be no hitch in the building now.</p>
+<p><i>2nd Neighbour</i>.&nbsp; Well, chairman, we sent off the wool
+to the north-country communes last week, and they are quite satisfied
+with it.&nbsp; Their cloth has come to hand rather better than worse
+than the old sample.</p>
+<p><i>3rd Neighbour</i>.&nbsp; I have to report that the new wheel at
+the silk mill is going now, and makes a very great improvement.&nbsp;
+It gives us quite enough power even when the water is small; so we shan&rsquo;t
+want a steam-engine after all.</p>
+<p><i>J. F</i>.&nbsp; When do we begin wheat harvest?</p>
+<p><i>3rd Neighbour</i>.&nbsp; Next Thursday in the ten-acre; the crop
+is heavy and the weather looks quite settled; so we shall have a jolly
+time of it.</p>
+<p><i>J. F</i>.&nbsp; Well, I&rsquo;m glad I know in good time; for
+I never like to miss seeing the first row of reapers going into the
+corn.&nbsp; Is there anything else?</p>
+<p><i>W. J</i>.&nbsp; Well, there&rsquo;s one troublesome business,
+chairman (<i>looks</i> <!-- page 29--><span class="pagenum">p. 29</span><i>at</i>
+C. N., <i>who trembles and moans</i>).&nbsp; There&rsquo;s that dog
+we caught, that thief, that useless beast.&nbsp; What is to be done
+with him?</p>
+<p><i>C. N</i>. (<i>Aside</i>, That&rsquo;s me! that&rsquo;s me!&nbsp;
+To think that a justice should be spoken of in such language!&nbsp;
+What am I to do?&nbsp; What am I to do?)</p>
+<p><i>2nd Neighbour</i>.&nbsp; Well, chairman, I think we must shoot
+him.&nbsp; Once a thief always a thief, you see, with that kind of brute.&nbsp;
+I&rsquo;m sorry, because he has been so badly brought up; and though
+he is an ugly dog, he is big and burly; but I must say that I think
+it must be done, and as soon as possible.&nbsp; He&rsquo;ll be after
+the girls if we don&rsquo;t do it at once!</p>
+<p><i>C. N</i>. (<i>Aside</i>: What! have they got hold of that story,
+then?)</p>
+<p><i>J. F</i>.&nbsp; Well, neighbours, what&rsquo;s to be said? anybody
+against it?&nbsp; Is this unpleasant business agreed to?</p>
+<p><i>All</i>.&nbsp; Agreed, agreed.</p>
+<p><i>J. F</i>.&nbsp; Well, then, let the dog be shot.&nbsp; Bill, it&rsquo;s
+your turn for an ugly job this time: you must do it.</p>
+<p><i>W. J</i>.&nbsp; Well, if it must be, it must.&nbsp; I&rsquo;ll
+go and get a gun in a minute.</p>
+<p><i>C. N</i>.&nbsp; Oh, God! to think of their disposing of a fellow-man&rsquo;s
+life with so little ceremony!&nbsp; And probably they will go and eat
+their dinners afterwards and think nothing of it.&nbsp; (<i>Throwing
+himself on his knees before</i> <span class="smcap">Jack Freeman</span>.)&nbsp;
+Oh, your Socialist worship!&nbsp; Oh, citizen my lord! spare me, spare
+me!&nbsp; Send me to prison, load me with chains, but spare my life!</p>
+<p><i>J. F</i>.&nbsp; Why, what ails the man?&nbsp; Chains! we don&rsquo;t
+use chains for that sort of thing.&nbsp; They&rsquo;re good to fasten
+up boats with, and for carts, and such like; so why should we waste
+them by ornamenting you with them?&nbsp; And as to prison, we can&rsquo;t
+send you to prison, because we haven&rsquo;t got one.&nbsp; How could
+we have one? who would be the jailer?&nbsp; No, no; we can&rsquo;t be
+bothered with you in prison.&nbsp; You must learn to behave decently.</p>
+<p><i>C. N</i>.&nbsp; What! have you no punishment but death, then?&nbsp;
+O! what am I to do? what am I to do?</p>
+<p><i>1st Neighbour</i>.&nbsp; Do?&nbsp; Why, behave decently.</p>
+<p><i>C. N</i>.&nbsp; But how can I behave decently when I&rsquo;m dead?&nbsp;
+(<i>Moans</i>.)</p>
+<p><i>2nd Neighbour</i>.&nbsp; But, neighbour, you must die some time
+or another, you know.&nbsp; Make the most of your time while you are
+alive.</p>
+<p><i>C. N</i>.&nbsp; Have you the heart to say such things to a man
+whom you are going to shoot in a few minutes?&nbsp; How horrible!&nbsp;
+Oh, look here! if you haven&rsquo;t got a prison, build one for me!
+or make one out of a cellar, and lock me up in it; but don&rsquo;t shoot
+me&mdash;don&rsquo;t!</p>
+<p><!-- page 30--><span class="pagenum">p. 30</span><i>W. J</i>.&nbsp;
+Well, old acquaintance, to want a prison all to your own cheek!&nbsp;
+This is individualism, with a vengeance!&nbsp; It beats Auberon Herbert.&nbsp;
+But who is going to shoot you?</p>
+<p><i>C. N</i>.&nbsp; Why, you.&nbsp; He said shoot the dog (<i>weeping</i>).</p>
+<p><i>W. J</i>.&nbsp; Well, citizen, I must say that either your estimate
+of yourself is modest, or your conscience is bad, that you must take
+that title to yourself!&nbsp; No; it <i>is</i> a bad business, but not
+so bad as that.&nbsp; It&rsquo;s not you that we&rsquo;re going to shoot,
+but a poor devil of a dog&mdash;a real dog, with a tail, you know&mdash;who
+has taken to killing sheep.&nbsp; And I&rsquo;m sorry to say that social
+ethics have given me the job of shooting him.&nbsp; But come, now, you
+shall do it for me: you used to be a great upholder of capital punishment.</p>
+<p><i>C. N</i>.&nbsp; But what are you going to do with me, then?&nbsp;
+How are you going to punish me?</p>
+<p><i>J. F</i>.&nbsp; Punish you? how can we punish you? who do you
+think is going to do such work as that!&nbsp; People punish others because
+they like to; and we don&rsquo;t like to.&nbsp; Once more, learn to
+live decently.</p>
+<p><i>G. N</i>.&nbsp; But how <i>am</i> I to live?</p>
+<p><i>J. F</i>.&nbsp; You must work a little.</p>
+<p><i>C. N</i>.&nbsp; But what at, since you object to lawyers?</p>
+<p><i>J. F</i>.&nbsp; Look round you, friend, at the fields all yellowing
+for harvest,&mdash;we will find you work to do.</p>
+<p><i>C. N</i>. (<i>Aside</i>: Ah, I see.&nbsp; This means hard labour
+for life, after all.&nbsp; Well, I must submit.&nbsp; Unhappy Nupkins!&nbsp;
+<i>To</i> <span class="smcap">Freeman</span>)&nbsp; But who is to employ
+me?&nbsp; You will have to find me a master; and perhaps he won&rsquo;t
+like to employ me.</p>
+<p><i>J. F</i>.&nbsp; My friend, we no more have masters than we have
+prisons: the first make the second.&nbsp; You must employ yourself:
+and you must also employ something else.</p>
+<p><i>C. N</i>.&nbsp; What?&nbsp; I don&rsquo;t understand.</p>
+<p><i>J. F</i>.&nbsp; Mother Earth, and the traditions and devices of
+all the generations of men whom she has nourished.&nbsp; All that is
+for you, Nupkins, if you only knew it.</p>
+<p><i>C. N</i>.&nbsp; I still do not comprehend your apologue.</p>
+<p><i>J. F</i>.&nbsp; No?&nbsp; Well, we must put aside abstractions
+and get to the concrete.&nbsp; What&rsquo;s this, citizen? (<i>showing
+a spade</i>.)</p>
+<p><i>C. N</i>.&nbsp; That is an instrument for effodiation.</p>
+<p><i>J. F</i>.&nbsp; Otherwise called a spade.&nbsp; Well, to use your
+old jargon, citizen, the sentence of this court is that you do take
+this instrument of effodiation, commonly called a spade, and that you
+do effodiate your livelihood therewith; in other words, that you do
+dig potatoes and other roots and worts during the pleasure of this court.&nbsp;
+And, to drop jargon, since you are so badly educated <!-- page 31--><span class="pagenum">p. 31</span>our
+friend Robert Pinch&mdash;Mary&rsquo;s husband&mdash;will show you how
+to do it.&nbsp; Is that agreed to, neighbours?</p>
+<p><i>All</i>.&nbsp; Agreed, agreed.</p>
+<p><i>W. J</i>. (<i>rather surlily</i>).&nbsp; I don&rsquo;t think he
+will get on well.&nbsp; Now he knows we are not going to serve him out,
+he is beginning to look sour on us for being happy.&nbsp; You see, he
+will be trying some of his old lawyers&rsquo; tricks again.</p>
+<p><i>J. F</i>.&nbsp; Well, Bill, it won&rsquo;t much matter.&nbsp;
+He can&rsquo;t hurt us; so we will hope the best for him.</p>
+<p><i>M. P</i>.&nbsp; Should we hurt his feelings by being a little
+merry in his presence now?</p>
+<p><i>J. F</i>.&nbsp; Well, I think we may risk it.&nbsp; Let those
+of you who are not too lazy to dance, as I am, do so to the tune that
+sprang up at the dawn of freedom in the days of our great-grandfathers.</p>
+<p>[<i>They dance round</i> <span class="smcap">Citizen Nupkins</span>,
+<i>singing the following words to the tune of the</i> &ldquo;<i>Carmagnole</i>&rdquo;:</p>
+<blockquote><p><i>What&rsquo;s this that the days and the days have
+done</i>?<br />
+<i>Man&rsquo;s lordship over man hath gone</i>.</p>
+<p><i>How fares it, then, with high and low</i>?<br />
+<i>Equal on earth, they thrive and grow</i>.</p>
+<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<i>Bright is
+the sun for everyone</i>;<br />
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>Dance we, dance
+we the Carmagnole</i>.</p>
+<p><i>How deal ye, then, with pleasure and pain</i>?<br />
+<i>Alike we share and bear the twain</i>.</p>
+<p><i>And what&rsquo;s the craft whereby ye live</i>?<br />
+<i>Earth and man&rsquo;s work to all men give</i>.</p>
+<p><i>How crown ye excellence of worth</i>?<br />
+<i>With leave to serve all men on earth</i>.</p>
+<p><i>What gain that lordship&rsquo;s past and done</i>?<br />
+<i>World&rsquo;s wealth for all and every one</i>.</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>[<span class="smcap">Freeman</span> <i>and</i> <span class="smcap">Nupkins</span>
+<i>come to the front</i>.</p>
+<p>* * * * *</p>
+<p><i>J. F</i>.&nbsp; Well, Nupkins, you see you have got the better
+of us damned Socialists after all.&nbsp; For in times past you used
+to bully us and send us to prison and hang us, and we had to put up
+with <!-- page 32--><span class="pagenum">p. 32</span>it; and now you
+and yours are no longer masters, there <i>are</i> no masters, and there
+is nobody to bully you.&nbsp; How do you like it, old fellow? (<i>clapping
+him on the shoulder</i>.)</p>
+<p><i>C. N</i>. (<i>bursting into tears</i>).&nbsp; A world without
+lawyers!&mdash;oh, dear! oh, dear!&nbsp; To think that I should have
+to dig potatoes and see everybody happy!</p>
+<p><i>J. F</i>.&nbsp; Well, Nupkins, you must bear it.&nbsp; And for
+my part, I can&rsquo;t be very sorry that you feel it so keenly.&nbsp;
+When scoundrels lament that they can no longer be scoundrels for lack
+of opportunity, it is certain that <span class="smcap">the tables are
+turned</span>.</p>
+<p>THE END.</p>
+<p>Printed and Published at the <span class="smcap">Commonweal</span>
+Office, 13 Farrington Road, London, E.C.</p>
+<h2><!-- page 33--><span class="pagenum">p. 33</span>WORKS BY WILLIAM
+MORRIS.</h2>
+<p><i>Library Edition</i>, 4 <i>vols, cr. 8vo</i>, &pound;2.</p>
+<p>THE EARTHLY PARADISE: A Poem in four parts.</p>
+<p><i>The Vols. separately as below</i>.</p>
+<p>Vols I. and II., <span class="smcap">Spring</span> and <span class="smcap">Summer</span>,
+<i>ninth edition</i>, 16<i>s</i>.<br />
+Vo III., <span class="smcap">Autumn</span>, <i>seventh edition</i> .
+. .12<i>s</i>.<br />
+Vol.&nbsp; IV., <span class="smcap">Winter</span>, <i>seventh edition</i>
+. . .12<i>s</i>.</p>
+<p><i>Popular Edition of</i><br />
+THE EARTHLY PARADISE, in 10 parts, sm. post 8vo, at 2<i>s</i>. 6<i>d</i>.
+<i>each</i>.</p>
+<p>do. do. in 5 vols, at 5s. <i>each</i>.</p>
+<p><i>Second Edition</i>, <i>crown</i> 8<i>vo</i>, 382 <i>pp</i>., 14<i>s</i>.<br />
+THE &AElig;NEIDS OF VIRGIL.&nbsp; Done into English Verse.</p>
+<p><i>Third Edition</i>, <i>crown</i> 8<i>vo</i>, 217 <i>pp</i>., 4<i>s</i>
+6<i>d</i>.<br />
+HOPES AND FEARS FOR ART.&nbsp; Five Lectures delivered in Birmingham,
+London, etc., in 1878 1881.</p>
+<p><i>Second Edition, crown</i> 8<i>vo</i>, 304 <i>pp</i>., 8<i>s</i>.<br />
+THE STORY OF GRETTIR THE STRONG.&nbsp; Translated from the Icelandic,
+by <span class="smcap">Eirikr Magnusson</span> and <span class="smcap">William
+Morris</span>.</p>
+<p><i>Crown</i> 8<i>vo</i>, 248 <i>pp</i>., 8<i>s</i>.<br />
+THE DEFENCE OF GUENEVERE, and other Poems.&nbsp; Reprinted without alteration
+from the Edition of 1858.</p>
+<p><i>Eighth Edition, Post</i> 8<i>vo</i>, 376 <i>pp</i>., <i>revised
+by the Author</i>.<br />
+THE LIFE AND DEATH OF JASON: a Poem.</p>
+<p><i>Fourth Edition, post</i> 8<i>vo</i>, 6<i>s</i>.<br />
+THE STORY OF SIGURD THE VOLSUNG, and the Fall of the Niblungs.</p>
+<p><i>Third Edition, sq. post</i> 8<i>vo</i>, 134 <i>pp</i>., 7<i>s</i>.
+6<i>d</i>.&nbsp; <i>With Design on side in gold</i>.</p>
+<p>LOVE IS ENOUGH, or the Freeing of Pharamond.&nbsp; A Morality.</p>
+<p><i>In preparation</i>.<br />
+A DREAM OF JOHN BALL.&nbsp; Reprinted from <i>Commonweal</i>.</p>
+<p>* * * * *</p>
+<p><i>London</i>: <i>REEVES &amp; TURNER</i>, 196 <i>STRAND</i>, <i>W.C</i>.</p>
+<h2><!-- page 34--><span class="pagenum">p. 34</span>THE COMMONWEAL,</h2>
+<p>1d.&nbsp; (Official Journal of the Socialist League.)&nbsp; 1d.</p>
+<p>Exponent of International Revolutionary Socialism.&nbsp; Published
+for the purpose of counteracting the evil influence of the corrupt capitalist
+press by printing the truth, and placing before the working people food
+for thought and reflection upon their Industrial, social, and political
+conditions, to the end that they may emancipate themselves from wage-slavery
+and landlordism.</p>
+<p>* * * * *</p>
+<p><i>Price One Penny</i>.</p>
+<p>THE MANIFESTO OF THE SOCIALIST LEAGUE.</p>
+<p>With Explanatory Notes by <span class="smcap">William Morris</span>
+and <span class="smcap">E. B. Bax</span>.</p>
+<p>* * * * *</p>
+<p>&ldquo;ALL FOR THE CAUSE!&rdquo;</p>
+<p>A Song for Socialists.</p>
+<p><span class="smcap">Words By</span> WILLIAM MORRIS.&nbsp; <span class="smcap">Music
+By</span> E. BELFORT BAX.</p>
+<p><i>4 pp. 4to, 6d.&nbsp; Per dozen, 4s. 6d</i>.</p>
+<p>* * * * *</p>
+<p>Art and Socialism.&nbsp; By <span class="smcap">William Morris</span>.&nbsp;
+Price 3d.</p>
+<p>Chants for Socialists.&nbsp; By <span class="smcap">William Morris</span>.&mdash;1.&nbsp;
+The Day is Coming; 2.&nbsp; The Voice of Toll; 3.&nbsp; All for the
+Cause; 4.&nbsp; No Master; 5.&nbsp; The March of the Workers; 6.&nbsp;
+The Message of the March Wind; 7.&nbsp; Down Among the Dead Men.&nbsp;
+16 pp. cr. 8vo., 1d.</p>
+<p>Organised Labour: The Duty of the Trades Unions in Relation to Socialism.&nbsp;
+By <span class="smcap">Thomas Binning</span> (London Society of Compositors).&nbsp;
+1d.</p>
+<p>Trades Unions.&nbsp; By <span class="smcap">Ernest Belfort Bax</span>.&nbsp;
+1d.</p>
+<p>The Commune of Paris.&nbsp; By <span class="smcap">E. B. Bax</span>,
+<span class="smcap">Victor Dave</span>, and <span class="smcap">William
+Morris</span>.&nbsp; 2d.</p>
+<p>Useful Work <i>v</i>. Useless Toil.&nbsp; By <span class="smcap">William
+Morris</span>.&nbsp; 3d.</p>
+<p>* * * * *</p>
+<p>SOCIALIST LEAGUE OFFICE, 13 <span class="smcap">Farringdon Road</span>,
+<span class="smcap">London</span>, E.C.</p>
+<p>***END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE TABLES TURNED***</p>
+<pre>
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+The Project Gutenberg eBook, The Tables Turned, by William Morris
+
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+
+
+
+Title: The Tables Turned
+ or, Nupkins Awakened. A Socialist Interlude
+
+
+Author: William Morris
+
+
+
+Release Date: October 18, 2005 [eBook #16897]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ISO-646-US (US-ASCII)
+
+
+***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE TABLES TURNED***
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Transcribed from the 1887 Office of "The Commonweal" edition by David
+Price, email ccx074@coventry.ac.uk
+
+
+
+
+
+THE TABLES TURNED;
+or,
+Nupkins Awakened
+
+
+[Title page: title.jpg]
+
+ A Socialist Interlude
+ BY
+ WILLIAM MORRIS
+ AUTHOR OF 'THE EARTHLY PARADISE.'
+
+_As for the first time played at the Hall of the Socialist League on
+Saturday October 15, 1887_
+
+LONDON:
+OFFICE OF "THE COMMONWEAL"
+13 FARRINGDON ROAD, E.C.
+1887
+
+_All Rights Reserved_.
+
+
+
+
+ORIGINAL CAST.
+
+
+_DRAMATIS PERSONAE--PART I_.
+
+Mr. La-di-da (_found guilty of swindling_) . . . H. BARTLETT.
+
+Mr. Justice Nupkins . . . W. BLUNDELL.
+
+Mr. Hungary, Q.C. (_Counsel for the Prosecution_) . . . W. H. UTLEY.
+
+Sergeant Sticktoit (_Witness for Prosecution_) . . . JAMES ALLMAN.
+
+Constable Potlegoff (_Witness for Prosecution_) . . . H. B. TARLETON.
+
+Constable Strongithoath (_Witness for Prosecution_) . . . J. FLOCKTON.
+
+Mary Pinch (_a labourer's wife, accused of theft_) . . . MAY MORRIS.
+
+Foreman of Jury . . . T. CANTWELL.
+
+Jack Freeman (_a Socialist, accused of conspiracy, sedition, and
+obstruction of the highway_) . . . H. H. SPARLING.
+
+Archbishop of Canterbury (_Witness for Defence_) . . . W. MORRIS.
+
+Lord Tennyson (_Witness for Defence_) . . . A. BROOKES.
+
+Professor Tyndall (_Witness for Defence_) . . . H. BARTLETT.
+
+William Joyce (_a Socialist Ensign_) . . . H. A. BARKER.
+
+Usher . . . J. LANE.
+
+Clerk of the Court . . . J. TURNER.
+
+Jurymen, Interrupters, Revolutionists, etc., etc.
+
+* * * * *
+
+_DRAMATIS PERSONAE.--PART II_.
+
+Citizen Nupkins (_late Justice_) . . . W. BLUNDELL,
+
+Mary Pinch . . . MAY MORRIS.
+
+William Joyce (_late Socialist Ensign_) . . . H. A. BARKER.
+
+Jack Freeman . . . H. H. SPARLING.
+
+1st Neighbour . . . H. B. TARLETON.
+
+2nd Neighbour . . . J. LANE.
+
+3rd Neighbour . . . H. GRAHAM.
+
+Robert Pinch, and other Neighbours, Men and Women.
+
+
+
+
+PART I.
+
+
+SCENE.--_A Court of Justice_.
+
+USHER, CLERK OF THE COURT, MR. HUNGARY, Q.C., _and others_. MR. LA-DI-
+DA, _the prisoner, not in the dock, but seated in a chair before it_.
+[_Enter_ MR. JUSTICE NUPKINS.
+
+_Usher_. Silence!--silence!
+
+_Mr. Justice Nupkins_. Prisoner at the bar, you have been found guilty
+by a jury, after a very long and careful consideration of your remarkable
+and strange case, of a very serious offence; an offence which squeamish
+moralists are apt to call robbing the widow and orphan; a cant phrase
+also, with which I hesitate to soil my lips, designates this offence as
+swindling. You will permit me to remark that the very fact that such
+nauseous and improper words can be used about the conduct of a
+_gentleman_ shows how far you have been led astray from the path traced
+out for the feet of a respectable member of society. Mr. La-di-da, if
+you were less self-restrained, less respectful, less refined, less of a
+gentleman, in short, I might point out to you with more or less severity
+the disastrous consequences of your conduct; but I cannot doubt, from the
+manner in which you have borne yourself during the whole of this trial,
+that you are fully impressed with the seriousness of the occasion. I
+shall say no more then, but perform the painful duty which devolves on me
+of passing sentence on you. I am compelled in doing so to award you a
+term of imprisonment; but I shall take care that you shall not be
+degraded by contamination with thieves and rioters, and other coarse
+persons, or share the diet and treatment which is no punishment to
+persons used to hard living: that would be to inflict a punishment on you
+not intended by the law, and would cast a stain on your character not
+easily wiped away. I wish you to return to that society of which you
+have up to this untoward event formed an ornament without any such stain.
+You will, therefore, be imprisoned as a first-class misdemeanant for the
+space of one calendar month; and I trust that during the retirement thus
+enforced upon you, which to a person of your resources should not be very
+irksome, you will reflect on the rashness, the incaution, the
+impropriety, in one word, of your conduct, and that you will never be
+discovered again appropriating to your personal use money which has been
+entrusted to your care by your friends and relatives.
+
+_Mr. La-di-da_. I thank you, my lord, for your kindness and
+consideration. May I be allowed to ask you to add to your kindness by
+permitting me to return to my home and make some necessary arrangements
+before submitting myself to the well-merited chastisement which my
+imprudence has brought upon me?
+
+_Mr. J. N_. Certainly. I repeat I do not wish to make your sentence any
+heavier by forcing a hard construction upon it. I give you a week to
+make all arrangements necessary for your peace of mind and your bodily
+comfort.
+
+_Mr. L_. I thank your lordship. [_Exit_.
+
+[_The case of_ MARY PINCH _called_.]
+
+_Mr. Hungary, Q.C_. I am for the prosecution, my lord, instructed by the
+Secretary of State for the Home Department. (JUDGE _bites his pen and
+nods_.) My lord, and gentlemen of the Jury, although this case may seem
+to some ill-judging persons a trivial one, I think you will be able to
+see before it is over that it is really important in its bearing on the
+welfare of society, the welfare of the public; that is, of the
+respectable public,--of the respectable public, gentlemen. For in these
+days, when the spirit of discontent is so widespread, all illegal actions
+have, so to say, a political bearing, my lord, and all illegal actions
+are wicked, gentlemen of the Jury, since they tend towards the insecurity
+of society, or in other words, are definitely aimed at the very basis of
+all morality and religion. Therefore, my lord, I have received
+instructions from the Home Secretary to prosecute this woman, who, as I
+shall be able to prove to you, gentlemen of the Jury, by the testimony of
+three witnesses occupying responsible official positions, has been guilty
+of a breach at once of the laws of the country and the dictates of
+morality, and has thereby seriously inconvenienced a very respectable
+tradesman, nay (_looking at his brief_) three respectable tradesmen. I
+shall be able to show, gentlemen, that this woman has stolen three loaves
+of bread: (_impressively_) not one, gentlemen, but three.
+
+_A Voice_. She's got three children, you palavering blackguard!
+
+[_Confusion_.
+
+_Mr. Justice N_. (_who has made an elaborate show of composing himself to
+slumber since the counsel began, here wakes up and cries out_) Arrest
+that man, officer; I will commit him, and give him the heaviest
+punishment that the law allows of.
+
+[_The_ USHER _dives among the audience amidst great confusion, but comes
+back empty-handed_.
+
+_J. N_. A most dangerous disturbance! A most dangerous disturbance!
+
+_Mr. H_. Gentlemen of the Jury, in confirmation of my remarks on the
+spirit that is abroad, I call your attention to the riot which has just
+taken place, endangering, I doubt not, the life of his lordship, and your
+own lives, gentlemen, so valuable to--to--to--in short, to yourselves.
+Need I point out to you at any length, then, the danger of allowing
+criminals, offenders against the sacred rights of property, to go at
+large? This incident speaks for me, and I have now nothing to do but let
+the witnesses speak for themselves. Gentlemen of the Jury, I do not ask
+you to convict on insufficient evidence; but I _do_ ask you not to be
+swayed by any false sentiment bearing reference to the so-called
+smallness of the offence, or the poverty of the offender. The law is
+made for the poor as well as for the rich, for the rich as well as for
+the poor. The poor man has no more right to shelter himself behind his
+poverty, than the rich man behind his riches. In short, gentlemen of the
+Jury, what I ask you in all confidence to do, is to do justice and fear
+not.--I call Sergeant Sticktoit.
+
+[SERGEANT STICKTOIT _sworn_.
+
+_Mr. H_. Well, sergeant, you saw this woman steal the loaves?
+
+_Sticktoit_. Yes, sir.
+
+_Mr. H_. All of them?
+
+_St_. Yes, all.
+
+_Mr. H_. From different shops, or from one?
+
+_St_. From three different shops.
+
+_Mr. H_. Yes, just so. (_Aside_: Then why the devil did he say from one
+shop when his evidence was taken before?) (_To_ ST.) You were an eye-
+witness of that? You noticed her take all three loaves?
+
+_St_. (_Aside_: He wants me to say from three different shops; I'm sure I
+don't know why. Anyhow, I'll say it--and swear it.) (_To the Court_)
+Yes, I was an eye-witness of the deed; (_pompously_) I followed her, and
+then I took her.
+
+_Mr. H_. Yes, then you took her. Please tell the Court how.
+
+_St_. (_Aside_: Let's see, what did we agree was the likeliest way?) (_To
+Court_) I saw her take the first loaf and hide it in her shawl; and then
+the second one; and the second one tumbled down into the mud; and she
+picked it up again and wiped it with her shawl; and then she took the
+third; and when she tried to put that with the two others they all three
+tumbled down; and as she stooped down to pick them up it seemed the best
+time to take her, as the two constables had come up; so I took her.
+
+_Mr. N_. Yes; you took her.
+
+_St_. And she cried.
+
+_Mr. H_. Ah, she cried. Well, sergeant, that will do; you may go.
+(_Aside_: The sooner he goes the better. Wouldn't I like to have the
+cross-examining of him if he was called on the other side!) Constable
+Potlegoff.
+
+[POTLEGOFF _sworn_.
+
+_Mr. H_. Well, constable, did you see the woman take the loaves?
+
+_Potlegoff_. Yes, sir.
+
+_Mr. H_. How did she take them?
+
+_Pot_. Off the counter, sir.
+
+_Mr. H_. Did she go into the shop to take them?
+
+_Pot_. Yes, sir. (_Aside_: I thought I was to say into three shops.)
+
+_Mr. H_. One after another?
+
+_Pot_. Yes, out of one shop one after another. (_Aside_: Now it's
+right, I hope.)
+
+_Mr. H_. (_Aside_: Confound him, he's contradicting the other!) (_To_
+POT.) Yes, just so; one after the other. And did you see the second
+loaf tumble down?
+
+_Pot_. Yes, sir.
+
+_Mr. H_. When was that?
+
+_Pot_. As she took it off the counter.
+
+_Mr. H_. Yes, _after_ she took it off the counter, in the street?
+
+_Pot_. No, sir. (_Catching the_ SERGEANT'S _eye_.) I mean yes, sir,
+and she wiped the mud off them; the sergeant saw her--and I saw her.
+
+_A Voice_. Off IT, you liar! 'twas the second loaf, the single loaf, the
+other liar said!
+
+[_Confusion. The judge wakes up and splutters, and tries to say
+something; the_ USHER _goes through the audience, but finds no one_;
+HUNGARY _spreads out his hands to the Jury, appealingly_.
+
+_Mr. H_. Yes, so it was in the street that you saw the loaves fall down?
+
+_Pot_. Yes, sir; it was in the street that I saw it tumble down.
+
+_A Voice_. You mean _them_, you fool! You haven't got the story right
+yet!
+
+[_Confusion again. The_ JUDGE _sits up and stares like a man awaked from
+a nightmare, then calls out_ Officer! Officer! _very loud. The_ USHER
+_goes his errand again, and comes back bootless_.
+
+_Mr. H_. (_very blandly_). It was in the street that you saw the three
+loaves fall down?
+
+_Pot_. Yes, it was in the street that I saw the loaf fall down.
+
+_Mr. H_. Yes, in the street; just so, in the street. You may go
+(_Aside_: for a damned fool!). Constable Strongithoath.
+
+[CONSTABLE STRONGITHOATH _sworn_,
+
+_Mr. H_. Constable, did you see this robbery?
+
+_Strong_. I saw it.
+
+_Mr. H_. Tell us what you saw.
+
+_Strong_, (_very slowly and stolidly, and as if repeating a lesson_). I
+saw her steal them all--all--all from one shop--from three shops--I
+followed her--I took her. When she took it up--she let it drop--in the
+shop--and wiped the street mud off it. Then she dropped them all three
+in the shop--and came out--and I took her--with the help--of the two
+constables--and she cried.
+
+_Mr. H_. You may go (_Aside_: for a new-caught joskin and a fool!). I
+won't ask him any questions.
+
+_J. N_. (_waking up, and languid_). Do you call any other witnesses, Mr.
+Hungary?
+
+_Mr. H_. No, my lord. (_Aside_: Not if I know it, considering the
+quality of the evidence. Not that it much matters; the Judge is going to
+get a conviction; the Jury will do as he tells them--always do.) (_To
+the Court_): My lord and gentlemen of the Jury, that's my case.
+
+_J. N_. Well, my good woman, what have you to say to this?
+
+_Mary Pinch_. Say to it! What's the use of _saying_ anything to it? I'd
+_do_ to it, if I could.
+
+_J. N_. Woman! what do you mean? Violence will not do here. Have you
+witnesses to call?
+
+_M. P_. Witnesses! how can I call witnesses to swear that I didn't steal
+the loaves?
+
+_J. N_. Well, do you wish to question the witnesses? You have a right
+to.
+
+_M. P_. Much good that would be! Would you listen to me if I did? I
+didn't steal the loaves; but I wanted them, I can tell you that. But
+it's all one; you are going to have it so, and I might as well have
+stolen a diamond necklace for all the justice I shall get here. What's
+the odds? It's of a piece with the rest of my life for the last three
+years. My husband was a handsome young countryman once, God help us! He
+could live on ten shillings a-week before he married me; let alone that
+he could pick up things here and there. Rabbits and hares some of them,
+as why should he not? And I could earn a little too; it was not so bad
+there. And then and for long the place was a pretty place, the little
+grey cottage among the trees, if the cupboard hadn't been so bare; one
+can't live on flowers and nightingale's songs. Then the children came
+brisk, and the wages came slack; and the farmer got the new
+reaping-machine, and my binding came to an end; and topping turnips for a
+few days in the foggy November mornings don't bring you in much, even
+when you havn't just had a baby. And the skim milk was long ago gone,
+and the leasing, and the sack of tail-wheat, and the cheap cheeses almost
+for nothing, and the hedge-clippings, and it was just the bare ten
+shillings a-week. So at last, when we had heard enough of eighteen
+shillings a-week up in London, and we scarce knew what London meant,
+though we knew well enough what ten shillings a-week in the country
+meant, we said we'd go to London and try it there; and it had been a good
+harvest, quickly saved, which made it bad for us poor folk, as there was
+the less for us to do; and winter was creeping in on us. So up to London
+we came; for says Robert: "They'll let us starve here, for aught I can
+see: they'll do naught for us; let us do something for ourselves." So up
+we came; and when all's said, we had better have lain down and died in
+the grey cottage clean and empty. I dream of it yet at whiles: clean,
+but no longer empty; the crockery on the dresser, the flitch hanging from
+the rafters, the pot on the fire, the smell of new bread about; and the
+children fat and ruddy tumbling about in the sun; and my lad coming in at
+the door stooping his head a little; for our door is low, and he was a
+tall handsome chap in those days.--But what's the use of talking? I've
+said enough: I didn't steal the loaves--and if I had a done, where was
+the harm?
+
+_J. N_. Enough, woman? Yes, and far more than enough. You are an
+undefended prisoner. You have not the advantage of counsel, or I would
+not have allowed you to go on so long. You would have done yourself more
+good by trying to refute the very serious accusation brought against you,
+than by rambling into a long statement of your wrongs against society. We
+all have our troubles to bear, and you must bear your share of them
+without offending against the laws of your country--the equal laws that
+are made for rich and poor alike.
+
+_A Voice_. _You_ can bear _her_ troubles well enough, can't you, old fat
+guts?
+
+_J. N_. (_scarcely articulate with rage_). Officer! officer! arrest that
+man, or I will arrest you!
+
+[USHER _again makes a vain attempt to get hold of some one_.
+
+_J. N_. (_puffing and blowing with offended dignity_). Woman, woman,
+have you anything more to say?
+
+_M. P_. Not a word. Do what you will with me. I don't care.
+
+_J. N_. (_impressively_). Gentlemen of Jury, simple as this case seems,
+it is a most important one under the present condition of discontent
+which afflicts this country, and of which we have had such grievous
+manifestations in this Court to-day. This is not a common theft,
+gentlemen--if indeed a theft has been committed--it is a revolutionary
+theft, based on the claim on the part of those who happen unfortunately
+to be starving, to help themselves at the expense of their more
+fortunate, and probably--I may say certainly--more meritorious
+countrymen. I do not indeed go so far as to say that this woman is in
+collusion with those ferocious ruffians who have made these sacred
+precincts of justice ring with their ribald and threatening scoff's. But
+the persistence of these riotous interruptions, and the ease with which
+their perpetrators have evaded arrest, have produced a strange impression
+in my mind. (_Very impressively_.) However, gentlemen, that impression
+I do not ask you to share; on the contrary, I warn you against it, just
+as I warn you against being moved by the false sentiment uttered by this
+woman, tinged as it was by the most revolutionary--nay, the most
+bloodthirsty feeling. Dismiss all these non-essentials from your minds,
+gentlemen, and consider the evidence only; and show this mistaken woman
+the true majesty of English Law by acquitting her--if you are not
+satisfied with the abundant, clear, and obviously unbiassed evidence, put
+before you with that terseness and simplicity of diction which
+distinguishes our noble civil force. The case is so free from intricacy,
+gentlemen, that I need not call your attention to any of the details of
+that evidence. You must either accept it as a whole and bring in a
+verdict of guilty, or your verdict must be one which would be tantamount
+to accusing the sergeant and constables of wilful and corrupt perjury;
+and I may add, wanton perjury; as there could be no possible reason for
+these officers departing from the strict line of truth. Gentlemen I
+leave you to your deliberations.
+
+_Foreman of Jury_. My lord, we have already made up our minds. Your
+lordship need not leave the Court: we find the woman guilty.
+
+_J. N_. (_gravely nodding his head_). It now remains for me to give
+sentence. Prisoner at the bar, you have been convicted by a jury of your
+countrymen--
+
+_A Voice_. That's a lie! You convicted her: you were judge and jury
+both.
+
+_J. N_. (_in a fury_). Officer, you are a disgrace to your coat! Arrest
+that man, I say. I would have had the Court cleared long ago, but that I
+hoped that you would have arrested the ruffian if I gave him a chance of
+repeating his--his crime.
+
+[_The_ USHER _makes his usual promenade_.
+
+_J. N_. You have been convicted by a jury of your countrymen of stealing
+three loaves of bread; and I do not see how in the face of the evidence
+they could have come to any other verdict. Convicted of such a serious
+offence, this is not the time and place to reproach you with other
+misconduct; and yet I could almost regret that it is not possible to put
+you once more in the dock, and try you for conspiracy and incitement to
+riot; as in my own mind I have no doubt that you are in collusion with
+the ruffianly revolutionists, who, judging from their accent, are
+foreigners of a low type, and who, while this case has been proceeding,
+have been stimulating their bloodstained souls to further horrors by the
+most indecent verbal violence. And I must here take the opportunity of
+remarking that such occurrences could not now be occurring, but for the
+ill-judged leniency of even a Tory Government in permitting that pest of
+society the unrespectable foreigner to congregate in this metropolis.
+
+_A Voice_. What do they do with you, you blooming old idiot, when you
+goes abroad and waddles through the Loover?
+
+_J. N_. Another of them! another of those scarcely articulate
+foreigners! This is a most dangerous plot! Officer, arrest everybody
+present except the officials. I will make an example of everybody: I
+will commit them all.
+
+_Mr. H_. (_leaning over to_ JUDGE). I don't see how it can be done, my
+lord. Let it alone: there's a Socialist prisoner coming next; you can
+make him pay for all.
+
+_J. N_. Oh! there is, is there? All right--all right. I'll go and get
+a bit of lunch (_offering to rise_).
+
+_Clerk_. Beg pardon, my lord, but you haven't sentenced the prisoner.
+
+_J. N_. Oh, ah! Yes. Oh, eighteen months' hard labour.
+
+_M. P_. Six months for each loaf that I didn't steal! Well, God help
+the poor in a free country! Won't you save all further trouble by
+hanging me, my lord? Or if you won't hang me, at least hang my children:
+they'll live to be a nuisance to you else.
+
+_J. N_. Remove the woman. Call the next case. (_Aside_: And look
+sharp: I want to get away.)
+
+[_Case of_ JOHN _or_ JACK FREEMAN _called_.]
+
+_Mr. H_. I am for the prosecution, my lord.
+
+_J. N_. Is the prisoner defended?
+
+_Jack Freeman_. Not I.
+
+_J. N_. Hold your tongue, sir! I did not ask you. Now, brother
+Hungary.
+
+_Mr. H_. Once more, my lord and gentlemen of the Jury, I rise to address
+you; and, gentlemen, I must congratulate you on having the honour of
+assisting on two State trials on one day; for again I am instructed by
+the Secretary of State for the Home Department to prosecute the prisoner.
+He is charged with sedition and incitement to riot and murder, and also
+with obstructing the Queen's Highway. I shall bring forward overwhelming
+evidence to prove the latter offence--which is, indeed, the easiest of
+all offences to be proved, since the wisdom of the law has ordained that
+it can be committed without obstructing anything or anybody. As for the
+other, and what we may excusably consider the more serious offence, the
+evidence will, I feel sure, leave no doubt in your minds concerning the
+guilt of the prisoner. I must now give you a few facts in explanation of
+this case. You may not know, gentlemen of the Jury, that in the midst of
+the profound peace which this glorious empire now enjoys; in spite of the
+liberty which is the proud possession of every Briton, whatever his rank
+or fortune; in spite of the eager competition and steadily and swiftly
+rising wages for the services of the workmen of all grades, so that such
+a thing as want of employment is unheard of amongst us; in spite of the
+fact that the sick, the infirm, the old, the unfortunate, are well
+clothed and generously fed and housed in noble buildings, miscalled, I am
+free to confess, _work_houses, since the affectionate assiduity of our
+noble Poor Law takes every care that if the inmates are of no use to
+themselves they shall at least be of no use to any one else,--in spite of
+all these and many kindred blessings of civilisation, there are, as you
+may not know, a set of wicked persons in the country, mostly, it is true,
+belonging to that class of non-respectable foreigners of whom my lord
+spoke with such feeling, taste, and judgment, who are plotting, rather
+with insolent effrontery than crawling secrecy, to overturn the sacred
+edifice of property, the foundation of our hearths, our homes, and our
+altars. Gentlemen of the Jury, it might be thought that such madmen
+might well be left to themselves, that no one would listen to their
+ravings, and that the glorious machinery of Justice need no more be used
+against them than a crusader's glittering battle-axe need be brought
+forward to exterminate the nocturnal pest of our couches. This indeed
+has been, I must say unfortunately, the view taken by our rulers till
+quite recently. But times have changed, gentlemen; for need I tell you,
+who in your character of shrewd and successful men of business understand
+human nature so well, that in this imperfect world we must not reckon on
+the wisdom, the good sense of those around us. Therefore you will
+scarcely be surprised to hear that these monstrous, wicked, and
+disreputable doctrines are becoming popular; that murder and rapine are
+eagerly looked forward to under such names as Socialism, revolution, co-
+operation, profit-sharing, and the like; and that the leaders of the sect
+are dangerous to the last degree. Such a leader you now see before you.
+Now I must tell you that these Socialist or Co-operationist incendiaries
+are banded together into three principal societies, and that the prisoner
+at the bar belongs to one if not two of these, and is striving, hitherto
+in vain, for admittance into the third and most dangerous. The
+Federationist League and the International Federation, to one or both of
+which this man belongs, are dangerous and malevolent associations; but
+they do not apply so strict a test of membership as the third body, the
+Fabian Democratic Parliamentary League, which exacts from every applicant
+a proof of some special deed of ferocity before admission, the most
+guilty of their champions veiling their crimes under the specious
+pretexts of vegetarianism, the scientific investigation of supernatural
+phenomena, vulgarly called ghost-catching, political economy, and other
+occult and dull studies. But though not yet admitted a neophyte of this
+body, the prisoner has taken one necessary step towards initiation, in
+learning the special language spoken at all the meetings of these
+incendiaries: for this body differs from the other two in using a sort of
+cant language or thieves' Latin, so as to prevent their deliberations
+from becoming known outside their unholy brotherhood. Examples of this
+will be given you by the witnesses, which I will ask you to note
+carefully as indications of the dangerous and widespread nature of the
+conspiracy. I call Constable Potlegoff.
+
+[CONSTABLE POTLEGOFF _sworn_.
+
+_Mr. H_. Have you seen the prisoner before?
+
+_Pot_. Yes.
+
+_Mr. H_. Where?
+
+_Pot_. At Beadon Road, Hammersmith.
+
+_Mr. H_. What was he doing there?
+
+_Pot_. He was standing on a stool surrounded by a dense crowd.
+
+_Mr. H_. What else?
+
+_Pot_. He was speaking to them in a loud tone of voice.
+
+_Mr. H_. You say it was a dense crowd: how dense? Would it have been
+easy for any one to pass through the crowd?
+
+_Pot_. It would have been impossible. I could not have got anywhere
+near him without using my truncheon--which I have a right to do.
+
+_Mr. H_. Is Beadon Road a frequented thoroughfare?
+
+_Pot_. Very much so, especially on a Sunday morning.
+
+_Mr. H_. Could you hear what he said?
+
+_Pot_. I could and I did. I made notes of what he said.
+
+_Mr. H_. Can you repeat anything he said?
+
+_Pot_. I can. He urged the crowd to disembowel all the inhabitants of
+London. (_Sensation_.)
+
+_Mr. H_. Can you remember the exact words he used?
+
+_Pot_. I can. He said, "Those of this capital should have no bowels.
+You workers must see to having this done."
+
+_J. N_. Stop a little; it is important that I should get an accurate
+note of this (_writing_). Those who live in this metropolis must have
+their bowels drawn out--is that right?
+
+_Pot_. This capital, he said, my lord.
+
+_J. N_. (_writing_). This capital. Well, well, well! I cannot guess
+why the prisoner should be so infuriated against this metropolis. Go on,
+Mr. Hungary.
+
+_Mr. H_. (_to witness_). Can you remember any other words he said?
+
+_Pot_. Yes; later on he said, "I hope to see the last Londoner hung in
+the guts of the last member of Parliament."
+
+_J. N_. Londoner, eh?
+
+_Pot_. Yes, my lord; that is, he meant Londoner.
+
+_J. N_. You mustn't say what he meant, you must say what you heard him
+say.
+
+_Pot_. Capital, my lord.
+
+_J. N_. I see; (_writing_). The last dweller in the metropolis.
+
+_Pot_. Capital, my lord.
+
+_J. N_. Yes, exactly; that's just what I've written--this metropolis.
+
+_Pot_. He said capital, my lord.
+
+_Mr. H_. Capital, the witness says, my lord.
+
+_J. N_. Well, doesn't that mean the same thing? I tell you I've got it
+down accurately.
+
+_J. F_. (_who has been looking from one to the other with an amused_
+_smile, now says as if he were thinking aloud_:) Well, I _am_ damned!
+what a set of fools!
+
+_J. N_. What is that you said, sir? Have you no sense of decency, sir?
+Are you pleading, or are you not pleading? I have a great mind to have
+you removed.
+
+_J. F_. (_laughing_). Oh, by all means remove me! I didn't ask to be
+here. Only look here, I could set you right in three minutes if you only
+let me.
+
+_J. N_. Do you want to ask the witness anything? If not, sir, hold your
+tongue, sir. No, sir; don't speak, sir. I can see that you are
+meditating bullying me; let me advise you, sir, not to try it.
+
+_Mr. H_. (_to_ POT.) Was that the only occasion on which you heard him
+speaking?
+
+_Pot_. No; I have heard him speaking in Hyde Park and saying much the
+same thing, and calling Mr. Justice Nupkins a damned old fool!
+
+_J. N_. (_writing_). "A damned old fool!" Anything else?
+
+_Pot_. A blasted old cheat!
+
+_J. N_. (_writing_). "A blasted old cheat!" (_Cheerfully_) Go on.
+
+_Pot_. Another time he was talking in a public-house with two men whom I
+understood to be members of the Fabian League. He was having words with
+them, and one of them said, "Ah, but you forget the rent of ability"; and
+he said, "Damn the rent of ability, I will smash their rents of
+abilities."
+
+_Mr. H_. Did you know what that meant?
+
+_Pot_. No; not then.
+
+_Mr. H_. But you do now?
+
+_Pot_. Yes; for I got into conversation with one of them, who told me
+that it meant the brain, the skull.
+
+_J. N_. (_writing_). "The rent of ability is a cant phrase in use among
+these people signifying the head."
+
+_Mr. H_. Well?
+
+_Pot_. Well, then they laughed and said, Well, as far as he is
+concerned, smash it when you can catch it.
+
+_Mr. H_. Did you gather whose head it was that they were speaking of?
+
+_Pot_. Yes; his lordship's.
+
+_Mr. H_. (_impressively and plaintively_). And _why_?
+
+_Pot_. Because they said he had jugged their comrades like a damned old
+smoutch!
+
+_J. N_. _Jugged_?
+
+_Pot_. Put them in prison, my lord.
+
+_J. N_. (_Aside_: That Norwich affair.) Wait! I must write my self down
+a smoutch--smoutch? no doubt a foreign word.
+
+_Mr. H_. What else have you heard the prisoner say.
+
+_Pot_. I have heard him threaten to make her Majesty the Queen take in
+washing.
+
+_J. N_. Plain washing?
+
+_Pot_. Yes, my lord.
+
+_J. N_. Not fancy work?
+
+_Pot_. No, my lord.
+
+_A Juryman_. Have you heard him suggest any means of doing all this?
+
+_Pot_. Yes, sir; for I have attended meetings of his association in
+disguise, when they were plotting means of exciting the populace.
+
+_Mr. H_. In which he took part?
+
+_Pot_. In which he took part.
+
+_Mr. H_. You heard him arranging with others for a rising of the lower
+orders?
+
+_Pot_. Yes, sir; and on the occasion, when I met him in the public
+house, I got into conversation with him, and he told me that his society
+numbered upwards of two millions. (J. F. _grins_.)
+
+_The Juryman_ (_anxiously_). Armed?
+
+_Pot_. He said there were arms in readiness for them.
+
+_Mr. H_. Did you find out where?
+
+_Pot_. Yes; at the premises of the Federationist League, 13 Farringdon
+Road.
+
+_Mr. H_. Did you search for them there?
+
+_Pot_. Yes.
+
+_Mr. H_. Did you find them?
+
+_Pot_. No; we found nothing but printing-stock and some very shabby
+furniture, and the office-boy, and three compositors.
+
+_Mr. H_. Did you arrest them?
+
+_Pot_. No; we thought it better not to do so.
+
+_Mr. H_. Did they oppose your search?
+
+_Pot_. No.
+
+_Mr. H_. What did they do?
+
+_Pot_. Well, they took grinders at me and said, "Sold!"
+
+_Mr. H_. Meaning, doubtless, that they had had an inkling of your search
+and had sold the arms?
+
+_Pot_. So we gathered.
+
+_J. N_. (_writing_). "They did not find the arms because they had been
+sold."
+
+_Mr. H_. Well, Constable, that will do.
+
+_J. N_. Prisoner, do you wish to ask the Constable any questions?
+
+_J. F_. Well, I don't know. I strongly suspect that you have made up
+your mind which way the jury shall make up their minds, so it isn't much
+use. However, I will ask him three questions. Constable Potlegoff, at
+how many do you estimate the dense crowd at Beadon Road, when I
+obstructed?
+
+_Pot_. Upwards of a thousand.
+
+_J. F_. H'm; a good meeting! How many were present at that meeting of
+the Socialist League where we were plotting to make the Queen take in
+washing?
+
+_Pot_. Upwards of two hundred.
+
+_J. F_. Lastly, when I told you in the public-house that we were two
+millions strong, were you drunk or sober?
+
+_Pot_. Sober.
+
+_J. F_. H'm! It's a matter of opinion perhaps as to when a man _is_
+drunk. Was I sober?
+
+_Pot_. No; drunk.
+
+_J. F_. H'm! So I should think. That'll do, Mr. Potlegoff; I won't
+muddle your "Rent-of-Ability" any more. Good bye.
+
+[SERGEANT STICKTOIT _called_.
+
+_Mr. H_. Have you heard the prisoner speaking?
+
+_St_. Yes.
+
+_Mr. H_. Where?
+
+_St_. At Beadon Road amongst other places: that's where I took him.
+
+_Mr. H_. What was he doing?
+
+_St_. Standing on a stool, speaking
+
+_Mr. H_. Yes; speaking: to how many people?
+
+_St_. About a thousand.
+
+_Mr. H_. Could you get near him?
+
+_St_. Nowhere near.
+
+_Mr. H_. Well, can you tell me what he was saying?
+
+_St_. Well, he said that all the rich people and all the shopkeepers
+(_glancing at the Jury_) should be disemboweled and flayed alive, and
+that all arrangements had been made for doing it, if only the workingmen
+would combine. He then went into details as to where various detachments
+were to meet in order to take the Bank of England and capture the Queen.
+He also threatened to smash Mr. Justice Nupkins' "Rent-of-Ability," by
+which I understood him to mean his skull.
+
+_J. N_. His--my brains, you mean!
+
+_St_. No, my lord; for he said that you--that he--hadn't any brains.
+
+_Mr. H_. Did you find any documents or papers on him when he was
+arrested?
+
+_St_. Yes; he had a bundle of papers with him.
+
+_Mr. H_. Like this? (_showing a number of_ "_Commonweal_")
+
+_St_. Yes.
+
+_J. F_. (_Aside_: Two quires that I couldn't sell, damn it!)
+
+_Mr. H_. We put this paper in, my lord. Your lordship will notice the
+vileness of the incendiarism contained in it. I specially draw your
+attention to this article by one Bax, who as you will see, is familiar
+with the use of dynamite to a fearful extent. (J. N. _reads, muttering_
+"_Curse of Civilisation_.") Gentlemen of the Jury that is our case.
+
+_J. N_. (_looking up from_ "_Commonweal_"). Prisoner at the bar, what
+have you to say? Do you call witnesses?
+
+_J. F_. Yes, I call witnesses, but I haven't much to say. I am accused
+of obstruction, but I shan't argue that point, as I know that I should do
+myself no good by proving that I had not obstructed. I am accused of
+being a Socialist and a revolutionist. Well, if you, my lord, and you,
+gentlemen of the Jury, and the classes to which you belong, knew what
+Socialism means--and I fear you take some pains not to--you would also
+know what the condition of things is now, and how necessary revolution
+is. So if it is a crime to be a Socialist and a revolutionist, I have
+committed that crime; but the charge against me is that I am a criminal
+fool, which I am not. And my witnesses will show you, gentlemen of the
+Jury, that the evidence brought against me is a mass of lies of the
+silliest concoction. That is, they will show it you if you are sensible
+men and understand your position as jurymen, which I almost fear you do
+not. Well, it will not be the first time that the judge has usurped the
+function of the jury, and I would go to prison cheerfully enough if I
+could hope it would be the last.
+
+[_He pauses as if to listen. Confused noises and the sound of the_
+"_Marseillaise_" _a long way off_. (_Aside_: What is it, I wonder?--No;
+it's nothing.)
+
+_J. N_. Prisoner, what is the matter with you? You seem to be
+intoxicated; and indeed I hope you are, for nothing else could excuse the
+brutality of your language.
+
+_J. F_. Oh, don't put yourself out, my lord. You've got the whip-hand
+of me, you know. I thought I heard an echo; that's all. Well, I will
+say no more, but call the Archbishop of Canterbury.
+
+[_Enter the_ ARCHBISHOP, _who is received with much reverence and
+attention. He is sworn_.
+
+_J. F_. Your Grace, were you present at the meeting at Beadon Road where
+I was arrested?
+
+_Arch_. Yes--yes, I _was_ there. Strange to say, it was on a Sunday
+morning. I needed some little refreshment from the toils of
+ecclesiastical office. So I took a cab, I admit under the pretext of
+paying a visit to my brother of London; and having heard the fame of
+these Socialist meetings, I betook me to one of them for my instruction
+and profit: for I hold that in these days even those that are highest in
+the Church should interest themselves in social matters.
+
+_J. F_. Well, my lord, were you pleased with what you saw and heard?
+
+_Arch_. I confess, sir, that I was disappointed.
+
+_J. F_. Why, my lord?
+
+_Arch_. Because of the extreme paucity of the audience.
+
+_J. F_. Were there a thousand persons present?
+
+_Arch_. (_severely_). I must ask you not to jest with me in the sacredly
+respectable precincts of a Court of Justice. To the best of my
+remembrance, there were present at the commencement of your discourse but
+three persons exclusive of yourself. That fact is impressed on my mind
+from the rude and coarse words which you said when you mounted your stool
+or rostrum to the friend who accompanied you and had under his arm a
+bundle of a very reprehensible and ribald print called the _Commonweal_,
+one of which he, I may say, forced me to purchase.
+
+_J. F_. Well, what did I say?
+
+_Arch_. You said, "I say, Bill! damned hard lines to have to speak to a
+lamp-post, a kid, and an old buffer"--by the latter vulgarity indicating
+myself, as I understand.
+
+_J. F_. Yes, my lord, so it is. Now let me ask you, if that matters, is
+Beadon Road a thronged thoroughfare?
+
+_Arch_. On the contrary; at least on the morning on which I was there,
+there was a kind of Sabbath rest about it, scarcely broken by the
+harangue of yourself, sir.
+
+_J. F_. You heard what I said, my lord?
+
+_Arch_. I did, and was much shocked at it.
+
+_J. F_. Well, did I say anything about bowels?
+
+_Arch_. I regret to say that you did.
+
+_J. F_. Do you remember the words I used?
+
+_Arch_. Only too well. You said, but at great length, and with much
+embroidery of language more than questionable, that capital had no bowels
+for the worker, nor owners of capital either; and that since no one else
+would be kind to them, the workers must be kind to themselves and take
+the matter into their own hands.
+
+_J. N_. (_making notes_). Owners of _the capital_; workman must take the
+matter--take the matter--into their own hands.
+
+_J. F_. Well, I have no more questions to ask your Grace.
+
+_Mr. H_. With many excuses, your Grace, _I_ will ask you a question.
+
+_Arch_. Certainly, Mr Hungary.
+
+_Mr. H_. You say that the audience was very small; that was at first;
+but did it not increase as time went on?
+
+_Arch_. Yes; an itinerant vendor of ices drew up his stall there, and
+two policemen--these gentlemen--strolled in, and some ten or more others
+stood round us before the orator had finished.
+
+_Mr. H_. (_Aside_: H'm! old beggar will be so very specific. Let's try
+him as to the sedition.) (_To_ ARCH.) My lord, you said that you were
+shocked at what the prisoner said: what was the nature of his discourse?
+
+_Arch_. I regret to have to say that it was a mass of the most frightful
+incendiarism, delivered with an occasional air of jocularity and dry
+humour that made my flesh creep. Amidst the persistent attacks on
+property he did not spare other sacred things. He even made an attack on
+my position, stating (wrongly) the amount of my moderate stipend. Indeed,
+I think he recognised me, although I was partially disguised.
+
+_J. F_. (_Aside_: True for you, old Benson, or else how could I have
+subpoenaed you?)
+
+_Mr. H_. I thank your Grace: that will do.
+
+_J. F_. I now call Lord Tennyson.
+
+[LORD TENNYSON _sworn_.
+
+_J. F_. My lord, have you been present, in disguise, at a meeting of the
+Socialist League in 13 Farringdon Road?
+
+_Lord T_. What's that to you? What do you want to know for? Yes, I
+have, if it comes to that.
+
+_J. F_. Who brought you there?
+
+_Lord T_. A policeman: one Potlegoff. I thought he was a Russian by his
+name, but it seems he is an Englishman--and a liar. He said it would be
+exciting: so I went.
+
+_J. F_. And was it exciting?
+
+_Lord T_. NO: it was _dull_.
+
+_J. F_. How many were present?
+
+_Lord T_. Seventeen: I counted them, because I hadn't got anything else
+to do.
+
+_J. F_. Did they plot anything dreadful?
+
+_Lord T_. Not that I could hear. They sat and smoked; and one fool was
+in the chair, and another fool read letters; and then they worried till I
+was sick of it as to where such and such fools should go to spout folly
+the next week; and now and then an old bald-headed fool and a stumpy
+little fool in blue made jokes, at which they laughed a good deal; but I
+couldn't understand the jokes--and I came away.
+
+_J. F_. Thank you, my lord.
+
+_Mr. H_. My lord Tennyson, I wish to ask you a question. You say that
+you couldn't understand their jokes: but could you understand them when
+they were in earnest?
+
+_Lord T_. No, I couldn't: I can't say I tried. I don't want to
+understand Socialism: it doesn't belong to my time. [_Exit_.
+
+_J. F_. I call Professor Tyndall.
+
+[PROFESSOR TYNDALL _sworn_.
+
+_J. F_. Professor Tyndall, have you seen me before?
+
+_Pro. T_. Yes; I have seen you in a public-house, where I went to
+collect the opinions of the lower orders against Mr. Gladstone.
+
+_J. F_. Who was I with?
+
+_Pro. T_. You were with a man whom I was told was a policeman in plain
+clothes, and with some others that I assume to have been friends of
+yours, as you winked at them and you and they were laughing together as
+you talked to the policeman.
+
+_J. F_. Do you see the policeman in Court?
+
+_Pro. T_. Yes; there he is.
+
+_J. F_. Was he drunk or sober?
+
+_Pro. T_. What, now?
+
+_J. F_. No--then.
+
+_Pro. T_. (_with decision_). Drunk.
+
+_J. F_. Was I drunk?
+
+_Pro. T_. What, now?
+
+_J. F_. No--then; though you may tell me whether I'm drunk or not now,
+if you like, and define drunkenness scientifically.
+
+_Pro. T_. Well, you were so, so.
+
+_J. F_. Thank you, Professor.
+
+_Mr. H_. One question, Professor Tyndall. Did you hear what the
+prisoner was saying to the policeman--who, by the way, was, I suspect,
+only shamming drunkenness?
+
+_J. F_. (_Aside_: He could carry a good deal, then.)
+
+_Pro. T_. Yes, I heard him. He was boasting of the extent and power of
+the Socialist organisation.
+
+_Mr. H_. And did you believe it? did it surprise you?
+
+_Pro. T_. It did not in the least surprise me: it seemed to me the
+natural consequences of Gladstone's Home Rule Bill. As to believing it,
+I knew he was jesting; but I thought that his jesting concealed very
+serious earnest. He seemed to me a determined, cunning, and most
+dangerous person.
+
+_Mr. H_. I thank you, professor. [_Exit_ PRO. T.
+
+_J. N_. Prisoner, do you want to re-examine the witnesses? What's that
+noise outside? They ought to be arrested.
+
+["_Marseillaise_" _again without, and tumult nearer_. FREEMAN _listens
+intently, without heeding the_ JUDGE.
+
+_J. N_. Prisoner, why don't you answer? Your insolence won't serve you
+here, I can tell you.
+
+_J. F_. I was listening, Judge; I thought I heard that echo again.
+
+_J. N_. Echo again! What does the fellow mean? It's my belief you're
+drunk, sir: that you have stimulated your courage by liquor.
+
+_A Voice_. Look out for _your_ courage, old cockywax; you may have
+something to try it presently!
+
+_J. N_. Officer, arrest that pernicious foreigner.
+
+[USHER _promenades once more_.
+
+_J. N_. (_Aside_: I don't like it: I'm afraid there is something going to
+happen.) (_To Court_) Mr. Hungary.
+
+_Mr. H_. My lord and gentlemen of the Jury, the prisoner's mingled
+levity and bitterness leaves me little to answer to. I can only say,
+gentlemen of the Jury, that I am convinced that you will do your duty. As
+to the evidence, I need make no lengthened comments on it, because I am
+sure his lordship will save me the trouble. (_Aside_: Trust him!) It is
+his habit--his laudable habit--to lead juries through the intricacies
+which beset unprofessional minds in dealing with evidence. For the rest,
+there is little need to point out the weight of the irrefragible
+testimony of the sergeant and constable,--men trained to bring forward
+those portions of the facts which come under their notice which _are_
+weighty. I will not insult you, my lord, by pointing out to intelligent
+gentlemen in your presence how the evidence of the distinguished and
+illustrious personages so vexatiously called by the prisoner, so far from
+shaking the official evidence, really confirms it. (_Aside_: I wonder
+what all that row is about? I wish I were out of this and at home.)
+Gentlemen of the Jury, I repeat that I expect you to do your duty and
+defend yourselves from the bloodthirsty designs of the dangerous
+revolutionist now before you. (_Aside_: Well, now I'm off, and the
+sooner the better; there's a row on somewhere.) [_Exit_.
+
+_J. N_. Gentlemen of the Jury, I need not expatiate to you on the
+importance of the case before you. There are two charges brought against
+the prisoner, but one so transcends the other in importance--nay, I may
+say swallows it up--that I imagine your attention will be almost wholly
+fixed on that--the charge of conspiring and inciting to riot. Besides,
+on the lesser charge the evidence is so simple and crystal-clear that I
+need but allude to it. I will only remark on the law of the case, that
+committing an obstruction is a peculiar offence, since it is committed by
+everyone who, being in a public thoroughfare, does not walk briskly
+through the streets from his starting-place to his goal. There is no
+need to show that some other person is hindered by him in his loitering,
+since obviously that _might_ be the case; and besides, his loitering
+might hinder another from forming in his mind a legitimate wish to be
+there, and so might do him a very special and peculiar injury. In fact,
+gentlemen, it has been doubted whether this grave offence of obstruction
+is not always being committed by everybody, as a corollary to the well-
+known axiom in physics that two bodies cannot occupy the same space at
+one and the same time. So much, gentlemen, for the lesser accusation. As
+to the far more serious one, I scarcely know in what words to impress
+upon you the gravity of the accusation. The crime is an attack on the
+public safety, gentlemen; if it has been committed, gentlemen--if it has
+been committed. On that point you are bound by your oaths to decide
+according to the evidence; and I must tell you that the learned counsel
+was in error when he told you that I should direct your views as to that
+evidence. It is for you to say whether you believe that the witnesses
+were speaking what was consonant with truth. But I am bound to point out
+to you that whereas the evidence for the prosecution was clear, definite,
+and consecutive, that for the defence had no such pretensions. Indeed,
+gentlemen, I am at a loss to discover why the prisoner put those
+illustrious and respectable personages to so much trouble and
+inconvenience merely to confirm in a remarkable way the evidence of the
+sergeant and the constable. His Grace the Archbishop said that there
+were but three persons present when the prisoner _began_ speaking; but he
+has told us very clearly that before the end of the discourse there were
+ten, or more. You must look at those latter words, _or more_, as a key
+to reconcile the apparent discrepancy between his Grace's evidence and
+that of constable Potlegoff. This, however, is a matter of little
+importance, after what I have told you about the law in the case of
+obstruction. His Grace's clear remembrance of the horrible language of
+the prisoner, and the shuddering disgust that it produced on him, is a
+very different matter. Although his remembrance of the _ipsissima verba_
+does not quite tally with that of the constable, it is clear that both
+the Archbishop and the policeman have noted the real significance of what
+was said: The owners of this capital, said the prisoner--
+
+_J. F_. I said nothing of the kind.
+
+_J. N_. Yes you did, sir. Those were the very words you said: I have
+got it down in my notes of his Grace's evidence. What is the use of your
+denying it, when your own witness gives evidence of it? Hold your
+tongue, sir.--And the workingmen, says the prisoner, must take the matter
+into their own hands. Take it into _their own hands_, gentlemen, and
+take _the matter_ into their hands. What matter are they to take into
+their hands? Are we justified in thinking that the prisoner was speaking
+metaphorically? Gentlemen, I must tell you that the maxim that in
+weighing evidence you need not go beyond the most direct explanation
+guides us here; forbids us to think that the prisoner was speaking
+metaphorically, and compels us to suppose that the _matter_ which is to
+be in the _hands_ of the workmen, their very _hands_, gentlemen, is--what?
+Why, (_in an awe-struck whisper_) the bowels of the owners of the
+capital, that is of this metropolis--London! Nor, gentlemen, are the
+means whereby those respectable persons, the owners of house property in
+London, to be disembowelled left doubtful: the raising of armed men by
+the million, concealed weapons, and an organisation capable of
+frustrating the search for them. Nay, an article in the paper which
+impudently calls itself (_reading the_ "_Commonweal_") the official
+journal of the Socialist League, written by one Bax, who ought to be
+standing in the same dock with the prisoner--an article in which he
+attacks the sacredness of civilisation--is murky with the word dynamic or
+dynamite. And you must not forget, gentlemen, that the prisoner accepts
+his responsibility for all these words and deeds. With the utmost
+effrontery having pleaded "Not Guilty," he says, "I am a Socialist and a
+Revolutionist"!--Thus much, gentlemen, my duty compels me to lay before
+you as to the legal character of the evidence. But you must clearly
+understand that it rests with you and not with me to decide as to whether
+the evidence shows this man to be guilty. It is you, gentlemen of the
+Jury, who are responsible for the verdict, whatever it may be; and I must
+be permitted to add that letting this man loose upon society will be a
+very heavy responsibility for you to accept.
+
+[_The Jury consult: the noise outside increases_.
+
+_J. F_. (_Aside_; Hilloa! what _is_ going on? I begin to think there's a
+row up!)
+
+_Foreman of the Jury_. My lord, we are agreed upon our verdict.
+
+_J. N_. Do you find the prisoner at the bar "Guilty" or "Not Guilty"?
+
+_F. of J_. Guilty, my lord.
+
+_J. F_. Just _so_.
+
+_J. N_. Prisoner at the bar, you have been fairly tried and found guilty
+by a jury of your fellow-countrymen of two most serious offences--crimes,
+I should say. If I had not to pronounce sentence upon one whose
+conscience is seared and case-hardened to an unexampled degree, I might
+have some words to say to you. (_Aside_: And also if I didn't want to
+get out of this as quick as I can; for I'm sure there is some row going
+on.) As it is, I will add no words to my sentence. (_Aside_: I wish I
+were _off_, but let's give it him hot and heavy!) I sentence you to six
+years' penal servitude and to pay a fine of 100 pounds.
+
+_J. F_. Well, its pretty much what I expected of _you_. As to the 100
+pounds, don't you wish you may get it; and as to the six years--
+
+[_Great noise_; "_Marseillaise_" _sung quite close_; _hammering on the
+doors_.
+
+_J. F_. Hark! what's that?
+
+_J. N_. (_in a quavering voice_). Remove the prisoner!
+
+[_Enter a_ SOCIALIST ensign _with a red flag in his hand_.
+
+_S. E_. Remove the prisoner! Yes, that's just what I've come to do, my
+lord. The Tables are Turned now!
+
+_J. N_. (_rising and prepared to go_). Arrest that man!
+
+_S. E_. Yes, do--if you can.
+
+_J. F_. What does it all mean, Bill?
+
+_S. E_. The very beginning of it, Jack. It seems we have not been
+sanguine enough. The Revolution we were all looking forward to had been
+going on all along, and now the last act has begun. The reactionists are
+fighting, and pretty badly too, for the soldiers are beginning to
+remember that they too belong to the "lower classes"--the lower
+classes--hurrah! You must come along at once, Freeman; we shall want you
+in our quarter. Don't waste another minute with these fools.
+
+_J. N_. (_screaming_). Help, help! Murder, murder!
+
+_S. E_. Murder!--murder a louse! Who's hurting you, old gentleman?
+Don't make such a noise. We'll try and make some use of you when we have
+time, but we must bustle now. Come on, Jack. Stop a bit, though;
+where's the Clerk of the Court? Oh, there! Clerk, we shall want this
+Court-house almost directly to use for a free market for this district.
+There have been too many people starving and half-starving this long
+time; and the first thing that we've got to see to is that every one has
+enough to eat, drink, and wear, and a proper roof over his head.
+
+_J. N_. Murder! thieves! fire!
+
+_S. E_. There, there! Don't make such a row, old fellow! Get out of
+this, and bellow in the fields with the horned cattle, if you must
+bellow. Perhaps they'll want Courts of Justice now, as we don't. And as
+for you, good fellows, all give a cheer for the Social Revolution which
+has Turned the Tables; and so--to work--to work!
+
+[JUDGE _screams and faints, and Curtain falls_.
+
+
+
+
+PART II.
+
+
+SCENE.--_The Fields near a Country Village; a Copse close by. Time--After
+the Revolution_.
+
+[_Enter_ CITIZEN (_late_ JUSTICE) NUPKINS. _He looks cautiously about to
+right and left, then sits down on the ground_.]
+
+_C. N_. Now I think I may safely take a little rest: all is quiet here.
+Yet there are houses in the distance, and wherever there are houses now,
+there are enemies of law and order. Well, at least, here is a good thick
+copse for me to hide in in case anybody comes. What am I to do? I shall
+be hunted down at last. It's true that those last people gave me a good
+belly-full, and asked me no questions; but they looked at me very hard.
+One of these times they will bring me before a magistrate, and then it
+will be all over with me. I shall be charged as a rogue and a vagabond,
+and made to give an account of myself; and then they will find out who I
+am, and then I shall be hanged--I shall be hanged--I, Justice Nupkins!
+Ah, the happy days when _I_ used to sentence people to be hanged! How
+easy life was then, and now how hard! [_Hides his face in his hands and
+weeps_.
+
+[_Enter_ MARY PINCH, _prettily dressed_.]
+
+_M. P_. How pleasant it is this morning! These hot late summer
+mornings, when the first pears are ripening, and the wheat is nearly
+ready for cutting, and the river is low and weedy, remind me most of the
+times when I was a little freckle-faced child, when I was happy in spite
+of everything, though it was hard lines enough sometimes. Well, well, I
+can think of those times with pleasure now; it's like living the best of
+the early days over again, now we are so happy, and the children like to
+grow up straight and comely, and not having their poor little faces all
+creased into anxious lines. Yes, I am my old self come to life again;
+it's all like a pretty picture of the past days. They were brave men.
+and good fellows who helped to bring it about: I feel almost like saying
+my prayers to them. And yet there were people--yes, and poor people
+too--who couldn't bear the idea of it. I wonder what they think of it
+now. I wish, sometimes, I could make people understand how I felt when
+they came to me in prison, where all things were so miserable that,
+heaven be praised! I can't remember its misery now, and they brought
+Robert to me, and he hugged me and kissed me, and said, when he stood
+away from me a little, "Come, Mary, we are going home, and we're going to
+be happy; for the rich people are gone, and there's no more starving or
+stealing." And I didn't know what he meant, but I saw such a look in his
+eyes and in the eyes of those who were with him, that my feet seemed
+scarcely on the ground; as if I were going to fly. And how tired out I
+was with happiness before the day was done! Just to think that my last-
+born child will not know what to be poor meant; and nobody will ever be
+able to make him understand it. [NUPKINS _groans_.] Hilloa! What's the
+matter? Why, there's a man ill or in trouble; an oldish man, too. Poor
+old fellow! Citizen, what's the matter? How can I help you?
+
+_C. N_. (_jumping up with a howl_). Ah, they are upon me! That dreadful
+word "citizen"! (_Looks at_ M. P. _and staggers back_). Oh, Lord! is
+it? Yes, it _is_--the woman that I sentenced on that horrible morning,
+the last morning I adorned the judicial bench.
+
+_M. P_. What _is_ the matter? And how badly you're dressed; and you
+seem afraid. What _can_ you be afraid of? If I am not afraid of the
+cows, I am sure you needn't be--with your great thick stick, too. (_She
+looks at him and laughs, and says aside_, Why to be sure, if it isn't
+that silly, spiteful old man that sentenced me on the last of the bad
+days before we all got so happy together!) (_To_ N.) Why, Mr.
+Nupkins--citizen--I remember you; you are an old acquaintance: I'll go
+and call my husband.
+
+_C. N_. Oh, no! no! don't! _please_ don't!--(_Aside_: There, there, I'm
+done for--can I run away?--No use--perhaps I might soften her. I used to
+be called eloquent--by the penny-a-liners. I've made a jury cry--I
+think--let me try it. Gentlemen of the Jury, remember the sad change in
+my client's position! remember.--Oh, I'm going mad, I think--she
+remembers me) (_Kneels before her_) Oh, woman, woman, spare me! Let me
+crawl into the copse and die quietly there!
+
+_M. P_. Spare you, citizen? Well, I could have spared you once, well
+enough, and so could many another poor devil have done. But as to dying
+in the copse, no, I really can't let you do that. You must come home to
+our house, and we'll see what can be done with you. It's our old house,
+but really nice enough, now; all that pretty picture of plenty that I
+told you about on that day when you were so hard upon me has come to
+pass, and more.
+
+_C. N_. Oh, no! I can't come!
+
+_M. P_. Oh, yes; you can get as far as that, and we'll give you
+something to eat and drink, and then you'll be stronger. It will really
+please me, if you'll come; I'm like a child with a new toy, these days,
+and want to show new-comers all that's going on. Come along, and I'll
+show you the pretty new hall they are building for our parish; it's such
+a pleasure to stand and watch the lads at work there, as merry as grigs.
+Hark! you may hear their trowels clinking from here. And, Mr. Nupkins,
+you mustn't think I stole those loaves; I really didn't.
+
+_C. N_. Oh, dear me! Oh, dear me! She wants to get me away and murder
+me! I won't go.
+
+_M. P_. How _can_ you talk such nonsense? Why, on earth, should I
+murder you?
+
+_C. N_. (_sobbing_). Judicially, judicially!
+
+_M. P_. How silly you are! I really don't know what you mean. Well, if
+you won't come with me, I'm off; but you know where to go when you want
+your dinner. But if you still owe me a grudge, which would be very silly
+of you, any of the people in the houses yonder will give you your food.
+[_Exit_.
+
+_C. N_. There! She's going to fetch some ferocious revolutionaries to
+make an end of me. It's no use trying to stop her now. I will flee in
+another direction; perhaps I shan't always meet people I've sentenced.
+
+[_As he is going he runs up against_ WILLIAM JOYCE, _once_ SOCIALIST
+ENSIGN, _entering from the other side_.
+
+_William Joyce_. Hilloa, citizen! look out! (_looking at him_) But I
+say, what's the matter with you? You are queerly rigged. Why, I haven't
+seen a man in such a condition for many a long day. You're like an
+ancient ruin, a dream of past times. No, really I don't mean to hurt
+your feelings. Can I do anything to help you?
+
+[C. N. _covers his face with his hands and moans_.
+
+_W. J_. Hilloa! Why, I'm blessed if it isn't the old bird who was on
+the bench that morning, sentencing comrade Jack! What's _he_ been doing,
+I wonder? I say, don't you remember me, citizen? I'm the character who
+came in with the red flag that morning when you were playing the last of
+your queer games up yonder. Cheer up, man! we'll find something for you
+to do, though you have been so badly educated.
+
+_C. N_. Spare me, I entreat you! Don't let it be known who I am, pray
+don't, or I shall certainly be hanged. Don't hang me; give me hard
+labour for life, but don't hang me! Yes, I confess I was Judge Nupkins;
+but don't give me up! I'll be your servant, your slave all my life; only
+don't bring me before a magistrate. They are so unfair, and so hard!
+
+_W. J_. Well, what do you think of a judge, old fellow?
+
+_C. N_. That's nearly as bad, but not quite; because sometimes there's a
+cantankerous blackguard on the jury who won't convict, and insists on
+letting a man off. But, please, pray think better of it, and let it be a
+private matter, if you must needs punish me. I won't bring an action
+against you, whatever you do. Don't make it a judicial matter! Look
+here, I'll sign a bond to be your servant for ever without wages if you
+will but feed me. I suffer so from not having my meals regularly. If
+you only knew how bad it is to be hungry and not to be sure of getting a
+meal.
+
+_W. J_. Yes, Nupkins; but you see, I _do_ know only too well--but that's
+all gone by. Yet, if you had only known that some time ago, or let's
+say, guessed at it, it might have been the better for you now.
+
+_C. N_. (_aside_; Oh, how jeering and hard he looks!) Oh, spare me, and
+don't send me to the workhouse! You've no idea how they bully people
+there. I didn't mean to be a bad or hard man; I didn't indeed.
+
+_W. J_. Well, I must say if you meant to be anything else, you botched
+the job! But I suppose, in fact, you didn't mean anything at all.--So
+much the worse for you. (_Aside_: I must do a little cat and mouse with
+him).
+
+_C. N_. Oh, spare me, spare me! I'll work so hard for you. Keep it
+dark as to who I am. It will be such an advantage you're having me all
+to yourself.
+
+_W. J_. Would it, indeed? Well, I doubt that.
+
+_C. N_. Oh, I think so. I really am a good lawyer.
+
+_W. J_. H'm, that would be rather less useful than a dead jackass--unless
+one came to the conclusion of making cat's meat of you.
+
+_C. N_. (_aside_, Oh, I'm sick at heart at his hinted threats). Mr.
+Socialist, don't you see I could put you up to all sorts of dodges by
+which you could get hold of odds and ends of property--as I suppose you
+have some sort of property still--and the titles of the land must be very
+shaky just after a revolution? I tell you I could put you up to things
+which would make you a person of great importance; as good as what a lord
+used to be.
+
+_W. J_. (_aside_, Oh, you old blackguard! What's bred in the bone won't
+come out of the flesh. I really must frighten the old coward a little;
+besides, the council _has_ got to settle what's to be done with him, or
+the old idiot will put us to shame by dying on our hands of fright and
+stupidity.) (_To_ N.) Nupkins, I really don't know what to do with you
+as a slave; I'm afraid that you would corrupt the morals of my children;
+that you would set them quarrelling and tell them lies. There's nothing
+for it but you must come before the Council of our Commune: they'll meet
+presently under yonder tree this fine day.
+
+_C. N_. No, no, don't! Pray let me go and drag out the remainder of a
+miserable existence without being brought before a magistrate and sent to
+prison! You don't know what a dreadful thing it is.
+
+_W. J_. You're wrong again, Nupkins. I know all about it. The stupid
+red tape that hinders the Court from getting at the truth; the
+impossibility of making your stupid judge understand the real state of
+the case, because he is not thinking of you and your life as a man, but
+of a set of rules drawn up to allow men to make money of other people's
+misfortunes; and then to prison with you; and your miserable helplessness
+in the narrow cell, and the feeling as if you must be stifled; and not
+even a pencil to write with, or knife to whittle with, or even a pocket
+to put anything in. I don't say anything about the starvation diet,
+because other people besides prisoners were starved or half-starved. Oh,
+Nupkins, Nupkins! it's a pity you couldn't have thought of all this
+before.
+
+_C. N_. (_aside_: Oh, what terrible revenge is he devising for me?) (_to_
+W. J.) Sir, sir, let me slip away before the Court meets. (_Aside_: A
+pretty Court, out in the open-air! Much they'll know about law!)
+
+_W. J_. Citizen Nupkins, don't you stir from here! You'll see another
+old acquaintance presently--Jack Freeman, whom you were sending off to
+six years of it when the red flag came in that day.--And in good time
+here he is.
+
+[_Enter_ JACK FREEMAN, _sauntering in dressed in a blouse, smoking, a
+billycock on his head, and his hands in his pockets_.
+
+_W. J_. There's your judge, Citizen Nupkins! No, Jack, you needn't take
+your hands out of your pockets to shake hands with me; I know your ways
+and your manners. But look here! (_pointing to_ NUPKINS).
+
+_J. F_. Why, what next? There's no mistaking him, it's my old
+acquaintance Mr. Justice Nupkins. Why you seem down on your luck,
+neighbour. What can I do to help you?
+
+[NUPKINS _moans_.
+
+_W. J_. (_winking at_ FREEMAN). You've got to try him, Jack.
+
+_J. F_. Why, what has he been doing? (_Aside_, I say, old fellow, what
+game are you up to now?)
+
+_W. J_. Doing? why nothing. That's just it; something must be done with
+him. He must come before the council: but I'm afraid he's not of much
+use to anyone. (_Aside_, I say, Jack, he is a mere jelly of fear: thinks
+that we are going to kill him and eat him, I believe. I must carry it on
+a little longer; don't spoil all my fun.)
+
+_J. F_. (_Aside_, _to_ W. J.) Well, certainly he deserves it, but take
+care that he doesn't die of fear on your hands, Bill. (_Aloud_) Well,
+the council will meet in a minute or two, and then we will take his case.
+
+_C. N_. (_to_ J. F.) Oh, sir, sir, spare me and don't judge me! I'll be
+servant to you all my life!
+
+_W. J_. Why Nupkins, what's this? You promised to be a servant to _me_!
+
+_J. F_. Citizen Nupkins, I really must say thank-you for nothing. What
+the deuce could I do with a servant? Now don't you trouble yourself; the
+council will see to your affairs. And in good time here come the
+neighbours.
+
+[_Enter the Neighbours_, ROBERT PINCH, MART PINCH, _and others_.
+
+_W. J_. Now for it, Nupkins! Bear your own troubles as well as you used
+to bear other peoples', and then you'll do very well.
+
+JACK FREEMAN _takes his seat on the ground under the tree, the others
+standing and sitting about him_: WILLIAM JOYCE _makes a show of guarding_
+NUPKINS, _at which the neighbours look rather astonished; but he nods and
+winks to them, and they see there is some joke toward and say nothing_.
+
+_J. F_. Well, neighbours, what's the business to-day?
+
+_1st Neighbour_. I have to report that three loads of that oak for the
+hall-roof have come to hand; it's well-seasoned good timber, so there
+need be no hitch in the building now.
+
+_2nd Neighbour_. Well, chairman, we sent off the wool to the
+north-country communes last week, and they are quite satisfied with it.
+Their cloth has come to hand rather better than worse than the old
+sample.
+
+_3rd Neighbour_. I have to report that the new wheel at the silk mill is
+going now, and makes a very great improvement. It gives us quite enough
+power even when the water is small; so we shan't want a steam-engine
+after all.
+
+_J. F_. When do we begin wheat harvest?
+
+_3rd Neighbour_. Next Thursday in the ten-acre; the crop is heavy and
+the weather looks quite settled; so we shall have a jolly time of it.
+
+_J. F_. Well, I'm glad I know in good time; for I never like to miss
+seeing the first row of reapers going into the corn. Is there anything
+else?
+
+_W. J_. Well, there's one troublesome business, chairman (_looks_ _at_
+C. N., _who trembles and moans_). There's that dog we caught, that
+thief, that useless beast. What is to be done with him?
+
+_C. N_. (_Aside_, That's me! that's me! To think that a justice should
+be spoken of in such language! What am I to do? What am I to do?)
+
+_2nd Neighbour_. Well, chairman, I think we must shoot him. Once a
+thief always a thief, you see, with that kind of brute. I'm sorry,
+because he has been so badly brought up; and though he is an ugly dog, he
+is big and burly; but I must say that I think it must be done, and as
+soon as possible. He'll be after the girls if we don't do it at once!
+
+_C. N_. (_Aside_: What! have they got hold of that story, then?)
+
+_J. F_. Well, neighbours, what's to be said? anybody against it? Is
+this unpleasant business agreed to?
+
+_All_. Agreed, agreed.
+
+_J. F_. Well, then, let the dog be shot. Bill, it's your turn for an
+ugly job this time: you must do it.
+
+_W. J_. Well, if it must be, it must. I'll go and get a gun in a
+minute.
+
+_C. N_. Oh, God! to think of their disposing of a fellow-man's life with
+so little ceremony! And probably they will go and eat their dinners
+afterwards and think nothing of it. (_Throwing himself on his knees
+before_ JACK FREEMAN.) Oh, your Socialist worship! Oh, citizen my lord!
+spare me, spare me! Send me to prison, load me with chains, but spare my
+life!
+
+_J. F_. Why, what ails the man? Chains! we don't use chains for that
+sort of thing. They're good to fasten up boats with, and for carts, and
+such like; so why should we waste them by ornamenting you with them? And
+as to prison, we can't send you to prison, because we haven't got one.
+How could we have one? who would be the jailer? No, no; we can't be
+bothered with you in prison. You must learn to behave decently.
+
+_C. N_. What! have you no punishment but death, then? O! what am I to
+do? what am I to do?
+
+_1st Neighbour_. Do? Why, behave decently.
+
+_C. N_. But how can I behave decently when I'm dead? (_Moans_.)
+
+_2nd Neighbour_. But, neighbour, you must die some time or another, you
+know. Make the most of your time while you are alive.
+
+_C. N_. Have you the heart to say such things to a man whom you are
+going to shoot in a few minutes? How horrible! Oh, look here! if you
+haven't got a prison, build one for me! or make one out of a cellar, and
+lock me up in it; but don't shoot me--don't!
+
+_W. J_. Well, old acquaintance, to want a prison all to your own cheek!
+This is individualism, with a vengeance! It beats Auberon Herbert. But
+who is going to shoot you?
+
+_C. N_. Why, you. He said shoot the dog (_weeping_).
+
+_W. J_. Well, citizen, I must say that either your estimate of yourself
+is modest, or your conscience is bad, that you must take that title to
+yourself! No; it _is_ a bad business, but not so bad as that. It's not
+you that we're going to shoot, but a poor devil of a dog--a real dog,
+with a tail, you know--who has taken to killing sheep. And I'm sorry to
+say that social ethics have given me the job of shooting him. But come,
+now, you shall do it for me: you used to be a great upholder of capital
+punishment.
+
+_C. N_. But what are you going to do with me, then? How are you going
+to punish me?
+
+_J. F_. Punish you? how can we punish you? who do you think is going to
+do such work as that! People punish others because they like to; and we
+don't like to. Once more, learn to live decently.
+
+_G. N_. But how _am_ I to live?
+
+_J. F_. You must work a little.
+
+_C. N_. But what at, since you object to lawyers?
+
+_J. F_. Look round you, friend, at the fields all yellowing for
+harvest,--we will find you work to do.
+
+_C. N_. (_Aside_: Ah, I see. This means hard labour for life, after all.
+Well, I must submit. Unhappy Nupkins! _To_ FREEMAN) But who is to
+employ me? You will have to find me a master; and perhaps he won't like
+to employ me.
+
+_J. F_. My friend, we no more have masters than we have prisons: the
+first make the second. You must employ yourself: and you must also
+employ something else.
+
+_C. N_. What? I don't understand.
+
+_J. F_. Mother Earth, and the traditions and devices of all the
+generations of men whom she has nourished. All that is for you, Nupkins,
+if you only knew it.
+
+_C. N_. I still do not comprehend your apologue.
+
+_J. F_. No? Well, we must put aside abstractions and get to the
+concrete. What's this, citizen? (_showing a spade_.)
+
+_C. N_. That is an instrument for effodiation.
+
+_J. F_. Otherwise called a spade. Well, to use your old jargon,
+citizen, the sentence of this court is that you do take this instrument
+of effodiation, commonly called a spade, and that you do effodiate your
+livelihood therewith; in other words, that you do dig potatoes and other
+roots and worts during the pleasure of this court. And, to drop jargon,
+since you are so badly educated our friend Robert Pinch--Mary's
+husband--will show you how to do it. Is that agreed to, neighbours?
+
+_All_. Agreed, agreed.
+
+_W. J_. (_rather surlily_). I don't think he will get on well. Now he
+knows we are not going to serve him out, he is beginning to look sour on
+us for being happy. You see, he will be trying some of his old lawyers'
+tricks again.
+
+_J. F_. Well, Bill, it won't much matter. He can't hurt us; so we will
+hope the best for him.
+
+_M. P_. Should we hurt his feelings by being a little merry in his
+presence now?
+
+_J. F_. Well, I think we may risk it. Let those of you who are not too
+lazy to dance, as I am, do so to the tune that sprang up at the dawn of
+freedom in the days of our great-grandfathers.
+
+[_They dance round_ CITIZEN NUPKINS, _singing the following words to the
+tune of the_ "_Carmagnole_":
+
+ _What's this that the days and the days have done_?
+ _Man's lordship over man hath gone_.
+
+ _How fares it, then, with high and low_?
+ _Equal on earth, they thrive and grow_.
+
+ _Bright is the sun for everyone_;
+ _Dance we, dance we the Carmagnole_.
+
+ _How deal ye, then, with pleasure and pain_?
+ _Alike we share and bear the twain_.
+
+ _And what's the craft whereby ye live_?
+ _Earth and man's work to all men give_.
+
+ _How crown ye excellence of worth_?
+ _With leave to serve all men on earth_.
+
+ _What gain that lordship's past and done_?
+ _World's wealth for all and every one_.
+
+[FREEMAN _and_ NUPKINS _come to the front_.
+
+* * * * *
+
+_J. F_. Well, Nupkins, you see you have got the better of us damned
+Socialists after all. For in times past you used to bully us and send us
+to prison and hang us, and we had to put up with it; and now you and
+yours are no longer masters, there _are_ no masters, and there is nobody
+to bully you. How do you like it, old fellow? (_clapping him on the
+shoulder_.)
+
+_C. N_. (_bursting into tears_). A world without lawyers!--oh, dear! oh,
+dear! To think that I should have to dig potatoes and see everybody
+happy!
+
+_J. F_. Well, Nupkins, you must bear it. And for my part, I can't be
+very sorry that you feel it so keenly. When scoundrels lament that they
+can no longer be scoundrels for lack of opportunity, it is certain that
+THE TABLES ARE TURNED.
+
+THE END.
+
+Printed and Published at the COMMONWEAL Office, 13 Farrington Road,
+London, E.C.
+
+
+
+
+WORKS BY WILLIAM MORRIS.
+
+
+_Library Edition_, 4 _vols, cr. 8vo_, 2 pounds.
+
+THE EARTHLY PARADISE: A Poem in four parts.
+
+_The Vols. separately as below_.
+
+Vols I. and II., SPRING and SUMMER, _ninth edition_, 16_s_.
+Vo III., AUTUMN, _seventh edition_ . . .12_s_.
+Vol. IV., WINTER, _seventh edition_ . . .12_s_.
+
+_Popular Edition of_
+THE EARTHLY PARADISE, in 10 parts, sm. post 8vo, at 2_s_. 6_d_. _each_.
+
+do. do. in 5 vols, at 5s. _each_.
+
+_Second Edition_, _crown_ 8_vo_, 382 _pp_., 14_s_.
+THE AENEIDS OF VIRGIL. Done into English Verse.
+
+_Third Edition_, _crown_ 8_vo_, 217 _pp_., 4_s_ 6_d_.
+HOPES AND FEARS FOR ART. Five Lectures delivered in Birmingham, London,
+etc., in 1878 1881.
+
+_Second Edition, crown_ 8_vo_, 304 _pp_., 8_s_.
+THE STORY OF GRETTIR THE STRONG. Translated from the Icelandic, by
+EIRIKR MAGNUSSON and WILLIAM MORRIS.
+
+_Crown_ 8_vo_, 248 _pp_., 8_s_.
+THE DEFENCE OF GUENEVERE, and other Poems. Reprinted without alteration
+from the Edition of 1858.
+
+_Eighth Edition, Post_ 8_vo_, 376 _pp_., _revised by the Author_.
+THE LIFE AND DEATH OF JASON: a Poem.
+
+_Fourth Edition, post_ 8_vo_, 6_s_.
+THE STORY OF SIGURD THE VOLSUNG, and the Fall of the Niblungs.
+
+_Third Edition, sq. post_ 8_vo_, 134 _pp_., 7_s_. 6_d_. _With Design on
+side in gold_.
+
+LOVE IS ENOUGH, or the Freeing of Pharamond. A Morality.
+
+_In preparation_.
+A DREAM OF JOHN BALL. Reprinted from _Commonweal_.
+
+* * * * *
+
+_London_: _REEVES & TURNER_, 196 _STRAND_, _W.C_.
+
+
+
+
+THE COMMONWEAL,
+
+
+1d. (Official Journal of the Socialist League.) 1d.
+
+Exponent of International Revolutionary Socialism. Published for the
+purpose of counteracting the evil influence of the corrupt capitalist
+press by printing the truth, and placing before the working people food
+for thought and reflection upon their Industrial, social, and political
+conditions, to the end that they may emancipate themselves from
+wage-slavery and landlordism.
+
+* * * * *
+
+_Price One Penny_.
+
+THE MANIFESTO OF THE SOCIALIST LEAGUE.
+
+With Explanatory Notes by WILLIAM MORRIS and E. B. BAX.
+
+* * * * *
+
+"ALL FOR THE CAUSE!"
+
+A Song for Socialists.
+
+WORDS BY WILLIAM MORRIS. MUSIC BY E. BELFORT BAX.
+
+_4 pp. 4to, 6d. Per dozen, 4s. 6d_.
+
+* * * * *
+
+Art and Socialism. By WILLIAM MORRIS. Price 3d.
+
+Chants for Socialists. By WILLIAM MORRIS.--1. The Day is Coming; 2. The
+Voice of Toll; 3. All for the Cause; 4. No Master; 5. The March of the
+Workers; 6. The Message of the March Wind; 7. Down Among the Dead Men.
+16 pp. cr. 8vo., 1d.
+
+Organised Labour: The Duty of the Trades Unions in Relation to Socialism.
+By THOMAS BINNING (London Society of Compositors). 1d.
+
+Trades Unions. By ERNEST BELFORT BAX. 1d.
+
+The Commune of Paris. By E. B. BAX, VICTOR DAVE, and WILLIAM MORRIS. 2d.
+
+Useful Work _v_. Useless Toil. By WILLIAM MORRIS. 3d.
+
+* * * * *
+
+SOCIALIST LEAGUE OFFICE, 13 FARRINGDON ROAD, LONDON, E.C.
+
+
+
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