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Bain + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Wit, Humor, Reason, Rhetoric, Prose, Poetry and Story Woven into Eight Popular Lectures + +Author: George W. Bain + +Release Date: October 12, 2005 [EBook #16858] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ASCII + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK WIT, HUMOR, REASON *** + + + + +Produced by Bill Tozier, Barbara Tozier, Carol David, +Lesley Halamek and the Online Distributed Proofreading +Team at https://www.pgdp.net + + + + + + +</pre> + + + + + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 60%;"> +<a href="images/001-bain.png"><img src="images/001-bain.png" width="100%" alt="George W. Bain" border="0" /></a></div> + +<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /> + +<h2><i>Wit, Humor, Reason, Rhetoric,<br /> +Prose, Poetry and Story<br /> +woven into</i></h2><br /><br /><br /> + +<h1><i>Eight Popular Lectures.</i></h1><br /><br /> + +<h5><i>by</i></h5><br /><br /> + +<h3><i>George W. Bain.</i></h3><br /><br /><br /> + + + +<h6> +PUBLISHED BY<br /> +THE PENTECOSTAL PUBLISHING COMPANY<br /> +LOUISVILLE, KY.</h6> + + +<h5>COPYRIGHTED 1915</h5> + +<h6>BY</h6> + +<h5>GEO. W. BAIN,</h5> + +<h6>LEXINGTON, KY.</h6> + +<br /><br /><br /> + +<br /><br /><hr /><br /><br /> + +<table cellpadding="10" align="center" summary="Dedication" border="0"> +<tr> + <td class="ded1" width="240">To</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="ded1" width="240">Anna M. Bain.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="ded2" width="240"> +So far as this life is concerned, I +can express no better wish for any +young man who reads this book, +than that he may be wedded to a wife +as loyal, loving and helpful to him +as mine has been to me. + </td> +</tr> +</table> + + + +<br /><br /><hr /><br /><br /> + + + +<h3>INTRODUCTION.</h3> + +<p> +In offering this book to the public no +claim is made to literary merit or originality +of thought. It is published with the +same purpose its contents were spoken +from the platform, namely, to do good.</p> +<p> +With the testimony of many, that hearing +these lectures helped to shape their +lives, came the thought that reading them +might help others when the tongue that +spoke them is silent.</p> +<p> +As a public speaker the author admits, +that how to get a grip on his hearers outweighed +the grammar of language; that +the ring of sincerity and truth in presenting +a proposition appealed to him more +than relation of pronoun or preposition; +besides in the "high school of hard +knocks" from which he graduated artistic +taste in literature was not taught.</p> +<p> +If it is true that "tongue is more potent +than pen," then the mysterious power of +personality and delivery will be missed in +the reading, yet it is hoped the simplicity +of the setting of anecdote and argument, +incident and experience, facts and figures, +story, poetry and appeal will suffice to +make this volume attractive and helpful to +those who read it, and thus the lives of +many may be made brighter and better by +the life work of the author.</p> +<p class="author"> +<span class="sc">George W. Bain.</span></p> + +<br /><br /><hr /><br /><br /> + + +<h2>POPULAR LECTURES.</h2> + +<h3><span class="sc">Index.</span></h3> + + + +<table width="80%" align="center" border="0" summary="contents"> +<tr> + <td class="left" colspan="2" width="75%" valign="top"><span class="sc">Lecture</span><br /><br /></td> + <td class="right" colspan="2" valign="top"><span class="sc">Page</span></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="left" width="15%" valign="top">I.</td> + <td class="left" width="60%" valign="top"><a class="contents" href="#I"><span class="sc">Among The Masses, or Traits of Character</span></a></td> + <td class="right" valign="top"><a href="#page9">9</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="left" width="10%" valign="top">II.</td> + <td class="left" width="70%" valign="top"><a class="contents" href="#II"><span class="sc">A Searchlight of the Twentieth Century</span></a></td> + <td class="right" valign="top"><a href="#page59">59</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="left" width="10%" valign="top">III.</td> + <td class="left" width="70%" valign="top"><a class="contents" href="#III"><span class="sc">Our Country, Our Homes and Our Duty</span></a></td> + <td class="right" valign="top"><a href="#page101">101</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="left" width="10%" valign="top">IV.</td> + <td class="left" width="70%" valign="top"><a class="contents" href="#IV"><span class="sc">The New Woman and The Old Man</span></a></td> + <td class="right" valign="top"><a href="#page137">137</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="left" width="10%" valign="top">V.</td> + <td class="left" width="70%" valign="top"><a class="contents" href="#V"><span class="sc">The Safe Side of Life for Young Men</span></a></td> + <td class="right" valign="top"><a href="#page187">187</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="left" width="10%" valign="top">VI.</td> + <td class="left" width="70%" valign="top"><a class="contents" href="#VI"><span class="sc">Platform Experiences</span></a></td> + <td class="right" valign="top"><a href="#page233">233</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="left" width="10%" valign="top">VII.</td> + <td class="left" width="70%" valign="top"><a class="contents" href="#VII"><span class="sc">The Defeat of The Nation's Dragon</span></a></td> + <td class="right" valign="top"><a href="#page273">273</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="left" width="10%" valign="top">VIII.</td> + <td class="left" width="70%" valign="top"><a class="contents" href="#VIII"><span class="sc">If I Could Live Life Over</span></a></td> + <td class="right" valign="top"><a href="#page307">307</a></td> +</tr> +</table> +<br /><br /><br /><hr /><br /><br /><br /> + +<a name="page9" id="page9"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 9]</span> +<a name="I" id="I"></a> +<h3>I</h3> +<br /> +<h2>AMONG THE MASSES, OR TRAITS OF CHARACTER.</h2> +<br /><br /> +<p> +Whatever criticism I choose to make on +human character, I hope to soften the criticism +with the "milk of human kindness." +As rude rough rocks on mountain peaks +wear button-hole bouquets so there are intervening +traits in the rudest human character, +which, if the clouds could only part, +would show out in redeeming beauty.</p> +<p> +To begin with, I believe prejudice to be +one of the most unreasonable traits in +character. It is said: "One of the most +difficult things in science is to invent a +lense that will not distort the object it reflects; +the least deviation in the lines of +the mirror will destroy the beauty of a +star." How unreliable then must be the +distorting lense of human prejudice.</p> +<p> +I had a bit of experience during the +Civil War which gave me something of +that whole-heartedness necessary to the +service of my kind. In the twilight of a<a name="page10" id="page10"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 10]</span> +summer evening, making a sharp curve in +a road, about a dozen men confronted me. +They were dressed in blue, a color I was +not very partial to at that time. I had +read that "he that fights and runs away +may live to fight another day." It occurred +to me that he who would run without +fighting might have a still better chance, +but the click of gun locks and an order to +surrender changed my mind to "safety +first" and I was a prisoner of the blue-coated +cavalry.</p> +<p> +The commanding officer who had me in +charge (during my visit) was a Kentucky +Colonel. He afterward became a major-general. +I looked at him during the remainder +of the war from the narrow +standpoint of prejudice and cherished revenge +in my heart for his having exposed +me to the flying bullets of the Confederate +pickets, a peril he was not responsible for +and of which he knew nothing until I informed +him in after years.</p> +<p> +A few years after the war our barks +met upon the same wave of life's ocean. +We became engaged in the same work of +reform, I as an advocate of temperance, +he as candidate for the presidency of the +United States on the prohibition ticket.<a name="page11" id="page11"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 11]</span> +From the warmth of friendship, my prejudice +melted like mist before the morning +sun and I found in General Green Clay +Smith a combination of the noblest traits +in human character.</p> +<p> +Whoever would graduate in the highest +franchise of being, and realize the royalty +that comes of partnership with sovereignty, +must have respectfulness of bearing +and feeling toward those from whom +they differ. We are greatly creatures of +education and environment anyway, and +until we can unlock the alphabet of a life +and sum up the mingling, blending, reciprocal +forces that have been playing upon +that life, we have no more right to abuse +persons for honest convictions than we +have to blame them for their parentage.</p> +<p> +You do not know the forces that have +given direction to the lives of others; if so, +you might know why one is a member of +this or that church, this or that political +party, why one lives north, another south, +one on the land, another on the sea.</p> +<p> +Some of you may differ with me, but I +believe if General Grant had been born +in the South, reared and educated in the +South, his father had owned a cotton plantation +and many slaves, General Grant<a name="page12" id="page12"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 12]</span> +would have been a Confederate General in +the Civil War; while Robert E. Lee if +born, reared and educated in New England +would have been a Union General. If +my opinion is correct, if all you northern +people had lived down south, and we +southern people had lived north, we would +have gotten the better of the conflict instead +of you.</p> +<p> +If yonder oak, that came from the finest +acorn and promised to be the monarch of +the forest, was dwarfed by simply a drop +of dew; if yonder rolling river, bearing its +commerce to sea, was turned seaward, instead +of lakeward, by simply a pebble +thrown in the fountain-head; why not +have consideration for those whose circumstances +and early training set in motion +convictions differing from ours. God +did not intend all the trees to be oaks, or +that all the rivers should run in one direction, +but He did intend all to make up +at last His one great purpose.</p> +<p> +Thomas F. Marshall in an address +many years ago, to illustrate the differences +between people of different sections, +said: "If you call a Mississippian a liar, +he will challenge you to a duel; call a Kentuckian +a liar, he will stab you with a <a name="page13" id="page13"></a><span class="pagenum">[page ]13</span> +bowie-knife or shoot you down; call an +Indianian a liar, he will say, 'You're another;' +call a New Englander a liar, he +will say, 'I bet you a dollar you can't prove +it.'"</p> +<p> +Mr. Marshall intended his compliment +for the Mississippian and Kentuckian, but +really his compliment was to the New +Englander. If a man calls you a liar, and +you are not a liar, the manliest thing to +do is to say, "I challenge you, sir, not on +to a field of dishonor, where the better +aimed bullet will tell who's a murderer, +but I challenge you out into the sunlight of +God's truth where I'll prove myself a man +and you a slanderer."</p> +<p> +I use this to show it is not just to look +at character or questions from the narrow +standpoint of prejudice.</p> +<p> +Then again, we should not judge a person +by one trait. There are persons for +whom you may do fifty favors, yet make +one mistake and they will never forgive +you. George Dewey went to the Philippine +Islands, remained in the harbor for +months, never made a mistake and returned +to this country the naval hero of the +world; and never were so many babies, +horses and dogs named for one man in the<a name="page14" id="page14"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 14]</span> +same length of time. But one morning +the papers came out with the statement +that he had deeded to his wife a piece of +property some friends had presented to +him, and within three days after, when +his picture was thrown on a canvas in an +opera house in Washington City it was +hissed from the audience, and when later +on he dared to allow his name used as a +candidate for the presidency of the United +States, we were ready to smash the hero +at once. But we must remember there are +very few men able to withstand the +world's praises. Indeed there never was +but one man who could be successfully +lionized and that man was Daniel.</p> +<p> +Captain Smith of the Titanic was held +responsible by public opinion for the sinking +of the great ship and was harshly +criticised by the press. His forty years of +faithful, careful service on the sea was +erased by the one mistake. It was a tremendous +one, but let it be said to his credit +that experts had declared that a ship with +fifteen air-tight compartments could not +sink, that if cut into halves both ends +would ride the sea. The bulk-head was +made to withstand any contact, and Captain +Smith never dreamt of danger from<a name="page15" id="page15"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 15]</span> +icebergs. But when he saw his idol shattered, +he did all a brave seaman could do +to save human lives. When the last life-boat +was launched he came upon a little +child who was lost from its parents. He +seized a life-belt, buckled it about his waist +and taking the child in his arms, jumped +into the icy ocean. Holding the child +above the water with one hand, he used +the other as an oar, and reaching a boat +he placed the little one in the arms of a +woman. Then returning to his sinking +ship, he threw off the life-belt and went +down to his death. Who knows but in the +great reckoning day, his reward will be +"inasmuch as ye did it unto that little one +on the sea, ye did it unto me."</p> +<p> +The great Joseph Cook had a reputation +that caused many to look upon him as one +who was all brains and no heart. Before +meeting Mr. Cook I was very much prejudiced +against him because of what I had +heard. I lectured for a teachers' institute +at New Wilmington, Pennsylvania, when +the great preacher was to follow me the +next evening. As I was leaving the county +superintendent said to me: "When you +reach the main line Joseph Cook will get +off the train which you are to take. I<a name="page16" id="page16"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 16]</span> +wish you would speak to him and give him +the name of the hotel where I have reserved +a room for him." When I reached +the junction, and the great savage looking +lecturer stepped from the train, I said to +myself: "You can go to any hotel you +please, I'll tell you nothing."</p> +<p> +Some months later I lectured in Cooper +Union Hall in New York City. Just about +time to begin the lecture Joseph Cook entered +the door and took a seat just inside. +When I had talked about ten minutes, he +arose and passed out. I thought he was +not pleased and the incident did not lessen +my unfavorable estimate of the great +thinker.</p> +<p> +Some three years later Mr. Cook was +on our chautauqua program at Lexington, +Kentucky. Doctor W.L. Davidson, superintendent +of the assembly, requested me +to call at the hotel and inform our distinguished +visitor of his hour and see to his +reaching the chautauqua grounds. With +reluctance I went to the hotel and sent my +card to his room. He ordered me to be +shown up to the room at once. Approaching +the door I found it open and Mr. Cook +stood facing me. My impression is that +politeness was sacrificed in my haste to<a name="page17" id="page17"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 17]</span> +explain that I was sent to inform him as +to the hour of his lecture and to offer to +call for him in time to escort him to the +grounds.</p> +<p> +Extending his hand he said: "Come in +and let me make my best bow to you for +the service you have rendered the temperance +cause. I heard you once for about +ten minutes in Cooper Union, when I had +an engagement and had to leave. I see +you are on the program tomorrow and I +shall be there."</p> +<p> +After his first lecture, returning to the +hotel I said: "Mr. Cook, if I can be of any +service to you while you are in our city, +please feel at liberty to command me at +any time."</p> +<p> +He replied: "I order you at once. I am +anxious to see the home of Henry Clay +and the monument erected to his memory."</p> +<p> +Next morning we went to Ashland and +then to the cemetery. After visiting the +Clay monument, we were passing near +where my daughter had been buried only +a few months before. When I had called +his attention to the sacred spot, Mr. Cook +said: "I read Miss Willard's account of +her death, and the beautiful tribute paid<a name="page18" id="page18"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 18]</span> +her in the Union Signal. Please stop a +moment."</p> +<p> +He left the carriage and going to the +grave, took off his hat and stood with uncovered +head for a few moments. Then +taking his seat beside me in the carriage, +he laid his hand on mine and said: "Blessed +are the dead that die in the Lord."</p> +<p> +With tears rolling down my cheeks I +said to myself: "Under the great brain of +Joseph Cook beats a tender heart." Not +to know him was to misjudge him, while +the close touch of friendship revealed one +of God's noblemen.</p> +<p> +Unity in variety is the order of nature. +Out of what seems to us a medley of contradictions +come amendments and reconstructions +that illustrate the benevolent +guardianship of God in working out the +problem of creation. Out of the most discordant +elements God can bring the most +harmonious results. Out of the bitterness +and bloodshed of our Civil War has come +a more harmonious, united, happy and +prosperous people.</p> +<p> +It was said of General Grant: "He's an +artist in human slaughter. He cares nothing +for the loss of men, so he wins the battle." +But, General Grant believed the<a name="page19" id="page19"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 19]</span> +harder the battle the sooner it would be +over. When the end came he gave back +the sword of Lee, and said to the worn-out +Confederate soldiers: "Take your +horses with you, you'll need them on your +farms. Go back to your homes and peace +go with you." That manly strength of +character that enables a man to face shot +and shell on the battlefield, is not any +more sublime than the manly weakness of +heart which "weeps with those who weep."</p> +<p> +While we should not judge one by a single +trait in character we must not overlook +the importance of little traits. In +this age of great movements, great +schemes and great combinations, our +young people are disposed to ignore little +things. A little thing in this great big +age is too insignificant. Yet, we are told +it was the cackling of a goose that saved +Rome; the cry of a babe in the bull-rushes +gave a law-giver to the Jews; the kick of +a cow caused the great Chicago fire; the +omission of a comma in preparing a bill +that passed Congress cost this republic a +half million dollars; while the ignoring of +a comma in reading a church notice cost a +minister quite a bit of embarrassment. +Among his announcements was one which<a name="page20" id="page20"></a><span class="pagenum">[page ]20</span> +ran thus: "A husband going to <i>sea</i>, his +wife desires the prayers of this church." +The preacher read: "A husband going +to see his wife, desires the prayers of this +church."</p> +<p> +Little things are suggestive of great +things. We read that a ship-worm, working +its way through a dry stick of wood, +suggested to Brunell a plan by which the +Thames river could be tunneled. The +twitching of a frog's flesh as it touched a +certain kind of metal led Galvani to invent +the electric battery. The swinging +of a spider's web across a garden walk led +to the invention of the suspension bridge. +The oscillation of a lamp in the temple +of Pisa led Galileo to invent the measurement +of time by a pendulum. A butterfly's +wing suggested the combination of +colors. So little things are suggestive of +great things in character.</p> +<p> +"Boy wanted" was the sign at the entrance +to a store. A boy took the sign +down and with it in his hand entered the +store.</p> +<p> +"What are you doing with that sign?" +asked the proprietor.</p> +<p> +The boy replied: "Well, I'm here, so I<a name="page21" id="page21"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 21]</span> +brought in the sign."</p> +<p> +That boy was given the place. Attention +to small things has made many a successful +man, while a little temper, a little +indifference, a little cigarette, a little drink +or some other little thing has been the +undoing of many a young man.</p> +<p> +What are these little traits in human +character? They are matches struck in +the dark. Do you know what that means, +a match struck in the dark? If not, get +up some night when it's pitch dark in the +room, run your face up against a half +open door, knock the pitcher off the table +and spill the cold water on your bare feet, +sit down on a chair that's not there, and +you'll realize what it means to strike a +match. If I were to go into a parlor of +one of your finest homes at midnight with +all the lights out, I would see nothing, but +let me strike a match and beautifully +decorated walls, fine paintings, and furniture +will meet and greet my vision.</p> +<p> +You cannot be very long in the company +of anyone until a match will be +struck. Of one you will say, "that's good; +I'm glad to find such a trait in that person," +but directly another match will flare +up and you will find another trait as disappointing<a name="page22" id="page22"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 22]</span> +as the other was commendable, +and you are at a loss to know what +"manner of man" you are with.</p> +<p> +It's a wonder to me when so many characters +are so difficult to solve that many +young people rush headlong into matrimony +without striking a match, except the +match they strike at the marriage altar. +A girl sees a young man today; he's handsome, +talks well, and she falls in love +with him, dreams about him tonight, sighs +about him tomorrow and thinks she'll +surely die if he doesn't ask her to marry +him. Yet she knows nothing about his +parentage or his character. No wonder +we have so many unhappy marriages, so +many homes like the one where a stranger +knocked at the front door and receiving +no response went around to the rear +where he found a very small husband and +a very large wife in a fight, with the wife +getting the better of the battle.</p> +<p> +The stranger said: "Hello! who runs +this house?"</p> +<p> +"That's what we are trying to settle +now," shouted the little husband.</p> +<p> +My young friends, I will admit love is a +kind of spontaneous, impulsive, natural +affinity, something after the order of molecular<a name="page23" id="page23"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 23]</span> +attraction or chemical affinity, but +while by the natural law of love, a young +woman may see in the object of her affection +her ideal of perfection in humanity, +she owes volitional conformity to a +higher law than natural affinity. She +owes to herself, to posterity and to her +country a careful study of the character +of the young man to whom she should link +her life and love.</p> +<p> +I believe two dark clouds hanging upon +the horizon of this republic to be the recklessness +with which life is linked with life +at the marriage altar, and the recklessness +with which we elect men to offices of +public trust. While we have many public +men, schooled in the science of government, +whom the spoils of office cannot corrupt, +we have an army of demagogues +who rely upon saloon politics for promotion, +and on all moral questions reason +with their stomachs instead of their +brains. This is especially true in the government +of our large cities.</p> +<p> +Sam Jones, lecturing in a city noted for +its corrupt government said: "Take the +political gang you have running this city, +put them in a cage, then let the devil pass +along and look in and he would say,<a name="page24" id="page24"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 24]</span> +'That beats anything I have in my show.'"</p> +<p> +We don't seem to realize that every public +man is a teacher, every home is a +school, and the education received outside +the schoolroom is often more effective +than the education inside. All the forces +and elements of the organism of society +are teachers and all life is learning. The +birth of an infant into this world is its +matriculation into a university, where it +graduates in successive degrees. And +do you know in this great school of +human life, where I come with you to +study the traits of our kind, that we never +reach a grade that we are not influenced +by what touches us? Here I am past fifty +years of age (and then "some"), yet I am +constantly being influenced by what touches +me.</p> +<p> +Start a new song with a popular air +and it will spread throughout the whole +country. Boys will whistle it and girls +will sing it. A number of years ago, when +at the station ready to leave home for New +England, a lad near me began to whistle +and then to sing a new song. It was a +catchy tune and took hold of me. On the +train I found myself trying to hum that +tune, then I tried to whistle it, and failing<a name="page25" id="page25"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 25]</span> +in both attempts I finally gave it up. Two +days after I left the train up in a New +Hampshire town and took a street car for +the hotel. A blizzard was on, but there +stood the motorman, muffled to his ears, +whistling the same tune I had heard down +in Kentucky, "There'll be a hot time in the +old town tonight."</p> +<p> +When the telephone made its appearance +a good Christian man had one installed +in his store and during the morning +hours of the first day he called up all +his friends who had phones, and "Hello! +Hello!" took hold of him. He went home +to lunch and being a little late he hurried +into his chair at the table. With the +telephone still on his mind, he bowed his +head to return thanks and said: "Hello." +He was a good Christian man, but the telephone +had taken hold of him.</p> +<p> +The very tone of the voice has a tendency +to influence and control character. I +wonder so many parents train their voices +as they do. They have a kind of snap to +the tone which they evidently think makes +the children and the servants "get a move" +on them. Perhaps it does, but at the same +time it falls upon a family like frost upon +a field of flowers. You pay three dollars<a name="page26" id="page26"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 26]</span> +to have your piano tuned, yet you train +your voice to sound harsh and hard.</p> +<p> +How the tone of the voice controls was +illustrated in my own home several years +ago. I went home in the early spring and +found some one had been among my bees +and had left the lids of the hives lifted at +the time the bees were making brood. Going +to the house I said to my wife:</p> +<p> +"Where is Charlie?" He was the colored +man in charge of the barn and garden.</p> +<p> +Mrs. Bain replied: "I suppose he is +about the barn; he doesn't stay in the +house." I knew that, but somehow we +Adams will go to our Eves with anything +that goes wrong.</p> +<p> +"What's the trouble?" my wife asked.</p> +<p> +I told her about the exposure of the +bees, (about the effect of which I knew +very little) and said:</p> +<p> +"I want Charlie to keep out of that +apiary. He'll kill every bee I have."</p> +<p> +Mrs. Bain in a very gentle manner said: +"I did that myself. That's the way father +used to do. I was afraid your bees might +starve during the long cold spell, so I +made some syrup and placed it in the upper +compartments. I lifted the lids so<a name="page27" id="page27"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 27]</span> +that the light would attract the bees up +to the syrup. I'm very sorry I did it, but +I thought it would please you."</p> +<p> +I said: "Well, I believe you did the right +thing, my dear, and I am very much +obliged to you."</p> +<p> +If my wife had said in a harsh tone: "I +did that, sir. What are you going to do +about it?" then I would have said something.</p> +<p> +A little bit of anger let loose in a field +of human nature is as destructible to noble +impulses and generous feelings as a +cyclone is to a town. I was in an Iowa +cyclone some years ago and I noticed when +it was approaching the people didn't run +out of their homes and throw stones at it. +They ran for the storm cellars. When you +see a bit of anger coming toward you from +brother, sister, husband, wife or friend, +don't throw a dictionary of aggravating +words at it; get out of the way and it +will quiet down like the troubled waters +of Galilee when "Peace be still" fell upon +them.</p> +<p> +When we realize how sensitive character +is to the touch of influences, and +how uncertain the character of the influence +that may touch us, how very careful<a name="page28" id="page28"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 28]</span> +we should be as parents as to what +shall touch us, how we shall touch others, +who may be fed by our fulness, starved +by our emptiness, uplifted by our righteousness +or tainted by our sins.</p> +<p> +Sometimes a boy is sent to school with +the idea that the influence of the teacher +will mold the character of the boy, when +the magnetic touch by which the faculties +of the boy are sprung doesn't come from +the teacher, but from some boy on the +playground and perhaps not the best boy. +Some boys are as potent on the playground +as a major-general on a battle-field. +Some persons are like loadstones, +they draw, others are like loads of stone, +they have to be drawn.</p> +<p> +I have known down South in the days +of slavery, coal black queens of the domestic +circle. The cows would come to the +cupping as if it were a spiritual devotion. +Maiden mistresses would tell them their +love stories, when they wouldn't tell their +own mothers. I am a southern man, born +and reared mid slavery, and I pay this +tribute to the black "mammies" of the +South before the war. Down there in that +hale, hearty colored motherhood was laid +the foundation of future health and<a name="page29" id="page29"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 29]</span> +strength for many a white baby, when otherwise +its mother would have had to see it +die. Frail, delicate mothers, who because +of slavery had not done sufficient work to +develop physical womanhood, were not +able to nurse their own infants and gave +them to the care of vigorous, healthy colored +mothers, who took them to their +bosoms and nursed them into strength. +But for that supplemental supply of vigor, +but for that sympathetic partnership in +motherhood, much of the most potent +manhood of the South would never have +been known.</p> +<p> +You who lived in the North before the +war, and you who are younger and have +read about the auction block, the slave +driver and the cottonfield cannot understand +the attachment between one of these +colored mothers and the white boy or girl +she nursed. I know whereof I speak, for +I revere the memory of my old black +mammy.</p> +<p> +There are verses, written by whom I do +not know, the words of which I cannot recall +except a line here and there, hence I +take the liberty to supply the missing lines +and revise the verses to express my feelings +for the slave mammy of my childhood.</p><a name="page30" id="page30"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 30]</span> + +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"She was only a dear old darkey,</p> + <p class="i2">In a cabin far away,</p> +<p>Down in the sunny Southland,</p> + <p class="i2">Where sunbeams dance and play.</p> +<p>Yet oft in dreams I hear her crooning,</p> + <p class="i2">Crooning soft and low:</p> +<p>'Sleep on, baby boy,</p> + <p class="i2">The sleep will make you grow.'</p></div> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"Oft when tired of fighting</p> + <p class="i2">In a world so full of wrong;</p> +<p>When wearied and worried</p> + <p class="i2">With the tumult and the throng,</p> +<p>I seek again the cabin,</p> + <p class="i2">Where dwelt a heart of gold</p> +<p>And in dreams she loves and pets me,</p> + <p class="i2">As she did in days of old.</p></div> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"Oh, my dear old colored mammy,</p> + <p class="i2">In the cabin far away,</p> +<p>Since you rocked me in the cradle</p> + <p class="i2">Seems forever and a day.</p> +<p>Yet in dreams I hear you crooning</p> + <p class="i2">Above my cradle nest;</p> +<p>'Sleep on, baby boy,</p> + <p class="i2">Mammy watches while you rest.'"</p> +</div></div> +<a name="page31" id="page31"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 31]</span> +<p> +A white baby, whose mother was ill +for months, was given to one of these colored +mothers to nurse. After the war the +white family moved west. As their child +grew up the father and mother often told +her about Aunt Hannah, how she loved +her, petted her, cooked for her, and drove +away her own pickaninnies to let "mammy's +baby" sleep.</p> +<p> +The girl, when she had grown to womanhood, +heard that Aunt Hannah was +still living and she longed to see her devoted +old colored mammy. Her parents +had the same desire, and with other attachments +for the old southern home, they +went back to Georgia on a visit and to the +village where the old woman lived. She +was sent for and the old black mammy +and the beautiful young girl faced each +other. The young lady was disappointed. +She expected to see a nice, comely old woman, +but there she stod, crippled with +rheumatism, gray headed, wrinkled, and +poorly clad. The old woman was surprised, +for there before her stood a beautiful +young woman, with rosy cheeks, +blue eyes, auburn locks and queenly form. +The father and mother stood near, with +tears rolling down their cheeks as memory +came surging up like successive waves<a name="page32" id="page32"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 32]</span> +from out a past hallowed to them, for they +could see in that old woman the health +and strength of their child.</p> +<p> +The old woman broke the silence, saying: +"Is dat my chile? Is dat de chile I +loved and laid wake wif so many nights +and cooked so many sweet things for? +Why, bless yo' heart, honey; dese old +hands ust to take yo' and hug yo' to dis +bosom, but yo's too nice now for dese old +hands to eber touch agin."</p> +<p> +The young girl said: "No, I'm not, +Aunt Hannah. You shall take me in your +arms as when I was a little child," and +she gave a bound into the old woman's +arms.</p> +<p> +That does not mean social equality, but +it does mean gratitude neither condition +nor color can ever bound. If the reciprocities +of that old woman and that beautiful +girl were such as to weave enrichments +into both hearts, why should not all peoples, +and all individuals, see in all others +but a multiplication of the one each of us +is, and that each is enhanced or diminished +in value according to the concentrated +worth of the whole? If man would stand +in his lot of conformity to man, as that old +colored woman stood in her lot, it would<a name="page33" id="page33"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 33]</span> +lift this world to that height from which +we could see the one interest, one reciprocal, +interdependent, together-woven, God-allied +and God-saved humanity.</p> +<p> +But in this we fail. Several men, one +of them an Irishman, were standing on a +street corner when a negro passed. The +Irishman said: "Faith, and if I had been +makin' humanity for a world, I would +niver have made a nager." I suppose in +return the negro would not have made the +Irishman, nor would the white man have +made the Indian or Chinaman, but God +made them all and in proportion as we +have the philanthropic comprehensiveness +to accept them all, and benevolently try to +serve them in their places, do we honor +the place assigned us in the world's creation. +It is not for us to know why God +made this or that; He made everything +for a purpose.</p> +<p> +A father took his boy to an animal +show. The lad had never seen a monkey +and as they played their pranks about the +cage he said: "Father, did God make +monkeys?"</p> +<p> +When the father replied: "Yes," the boy +said: "Well, don't you guess God laughed<a name="page34" id="page34"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 34]</span> +when he made the first monkey?"</p> +<p> +I don't know about that, but if God +made the monkey for a joke it was certainly +a success. If God had made the +monkey for no other purpose than to +create laughter it wouldn't have been a +mistake. The lachrymal glands were +placed in us for sorrow to play upon; we +are commanded to "weep with those who +weep." In antithesis to this the risable +nerves were placed in us for mirthful +music, and I pity the one who has broken +the keys and cannot laugh.</p> +<p> +I believe we owe the Irishman a vote of +thanks for the ringing laughs he has sent +around the world. An Irishman said to a +rich English land-owner:</p> +<p> +"Me Lord, I think the world is very unaqually +divided; it should be portioned +out and each one given an aqual share +with ivery other one?"</p> +<p> +The Englishman replied: "Well, Pat, if +we were to divide today, in ten years I +would have ten thousand pounds and you +wouldn't have a shilling."</p> +<p> +"Then we would divide again," said the +Irishman.</p> +<p> +On an electric car going out of New +York City, a man, who occupied a seat<a name="page35" id="page35"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 35]</span> +next to the aisle, had a pet monkey in a +cage on the seat with him, next to the +window. An Irishman boarded the car +and seeing all the seats taken he remained +standing, holding on to a strap, when suddenly +he spied the monkey in the cage. +He immediately addressed the man who +had the monkey:</p> +<p> +"Sir, is that gintleman in the cage paying +his fare? If not, I'd like to have the +sate."</p> +<p> +The owner of the monkey lifted the +cage to his lap and moved over, giving the +Irishman a seat.</p> +<p> +"What's the nationality of that gintleman, +anyway?" asked Pat.</p> +<p> +By this time the other man was very +much out of humor and said: "He's half +ape and half Irish."</p> +<p> +"Faith, then he's related to both of us," +replied the witty son of Erin, and there +were two monkeys on that car.</p> +<p> +I'll admit this trait of humor comes +in sometimes when it is quite embarrassing, +as it was to Sam Jones upon one occasion, +when in the midst of a sermon before +a large audience, he said:</p> +<p> +"All you who want to go to heaven, +stand up; I'd like to take a look at you."</p><a name="page36" id="page36"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 36]</span> +<p> +The audience arose in great numbers. +When seated again Mr. Jones said: "Now +all you who want to go to the devil, stand +and let's have a look at you."</p> +<p> +All was silent for a moment and then a +tall, lank, lean fellow from the backwoods +arose and said: "Well, parson, I don't care +anything special about seeing the old chap, +but I never desert a friend in trouble, specially +a minister, so I guess I'll have to +stand with you."</p> +<p> +Dr. Frank Gunsaulus told me of a time +when he had to laugh under embarrassing +circumstances. He was called upon to +preach the funeral of a man who had died +from the effects of drink. His friends +had made a box for the corpse and had +placed in the top a ten by twelve window +glass to go over the face, but when the +time came to put the top on the box, being +double-sighted from drink, they reversed +the top and had the glass at the foot of +the coffin instead of the head.</p> +<p> +The preacher took his place, as he supposed, +at the head of the deceased, when +looking down his eyes fell upon a pair of +feet. With great effort he kept his face +straight and conducted the service. At +the close he invited the friends to view the<a name="page37" id="page37"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 37]</span> +remains. One stimulated friend walked +up to the coffin, shook his head and turning +to another said: "Don't look at him, +Jim. He's changing very fast and you +won't know him."</p> +<p> +The great preacher is to be excused if +he did laught at that funeral.</p> +<p> +It's good to laugh, and yet, while I pay +tribute to the trait of humor, I would have +the undergirding trait of all traits of character, +the trait of principle. Though you +may use policy now and then, never use +a policy you must get off the heaven-bound +express train of principle to use.</p> +<p> +I don't like that word policy. There is +another and better name for the trait I +would present just here, and that is <i>tact</i>. +It means the doing of a right thing at the +right time and in the right place. Some +young men win first honors in college and +fail in the business of life for want of +tact. Here is where the Yankee excels. +The Southerner is genial, generous and +has many traits of character to be admired, +but he must doff his hat to Yankee +character for the development of tact.</p> +<p> +Sam Jones, who rarely ever failed to get +the best of whoever tried repartee with +him, met more than his match when he<a name="page38" id="page38"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 38]</span> +ran up against Yankee tact. He was raising +money to pay off the debt on a church.</p> +<p> +A liberal member said: "Mr. Jones, +I have given about all I can afford to give, +but if you will get one dollar from that +old man on the end of the back bench of +the 'amen corner,' I'll give you ten dollars +more."</p> +<p> +"Has he any money, and is he a member +of the church?"</p> +<p> +"Yes," was the answer to both questions.</p> +<p> +The great evangelist said: "Well, that's +easy," and started for the dollar.</p> +<p> +Approaching the old man he said: +"Brother, I'm collecting money for the +Lord. You owe him a dollar. I'm told +you are an honest man and always pay +your debts, so hand over that dollar."</p> +<p> +"How old are you, sir?" asked the old +man.</p> +<p> +When Sam gave his age at about forty, +the old brother said: "I'm nearly double +your age, sir, and will very likely see the +Lord before you do, so I'll just give him +the dollar myself."</p> +<p> +I lectured in New England a few years +ago when before me sat a Yankee with his<a name="page39" id="page39"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 39]</span> +two sons. He sat between them and when +I made a point which he approved, he +would nudge the boys. He seemed to be +driving my advice in with his elbows. At +the close of the lecture I took his hand and +said: "I see you have your boys with you."</p> +<p> +He replied: "Yes, I always take the +two boys with me when I attend a lecture. +I presume when a speaker has prepared +himself he is going to get about the best +things out of his subject, and will put +them in a way to take hold and benefit +young men. If I were going to get the +same information out of books I might +have to spend a dollar or two, when I only +paid fifteen cents each for them to hear +your lecture."</p> +<p> +This trait of tact, however, is moving +south, and even the colored race is getting +hold of it. An old negro who was born on +the plantation where he lived when set +free, remained after the war in his cabin +and worked for the son of his old master. +In his old age his memory began to fail +and he would neglect to do things he was +told to do. The young man was patient +with the old negro for quite a while but +finally said to him:</p> +<p> +"Uncle Dan, you must do better or you<a name="page40" id="page40"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 40]</span> +and I will have to separate."</p> +<p> +The old servant said: "Mars Jim, I does +the best I can. I is mighty sorry I forgits +things and I'se gwine to try to do better."</p> +<p> +But he grew worse and one evening +when he failed to do a very important +chore, the young man said: "I told you +what would happen if you did not do better +and the time has come when you and +I separate."</p> +<p> +Uncle Dan replied: "I'se mighty sorry, +Marse Jim. I was here when you was +born, and when you growed big enuf I ust +to take you on de mule out to de field wif +me, and I members how you ust to take de +lines and dribe de ole mule. Den when +de war broke out and ole Master jined de +army, I stayed here and took care ob ole +Missus and you chilluns. I shore is mighty +sorry we's got to part, but if you says +so den its got to be, but look here, Mars +Jim, if we's got to part, whar's you counting +on moving to?"</p> +<p> +By this time tact had done its work, aggravation +had melted into forgiveness and +the young man said: "I'm not going to +move anywhere, Uncle Dan, nor shall you. +We'll both stay here on the old plantation +together." That was certainly tact on the<a name="page41" id="page41"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 41]</span> +old man's part.</p> +<p> +A young negro, who craved a ride on a +railroad train but had no money, crept under +the baggage car and fixed himself on +the truck. The train started and when at +full speed the engine struck a mule and +tore the animal to pieces. Part of the +mangled remains was carried into the running +gear of the baggage car. The engineer +stopped the train and commenced +pulling out pieces of mule here and there +until he reached the baggage car, when, +looking under for more of the mule, he +saw the white eyes of the negro.</p> +<p> +"Come out, you imp, what are you doing +under there?" said the engineer.</p> +<p> +Back came the tactful reply: "Boss, I +wus de fellow what wus ridin' dat mule."</p> +<p> +The engineer said: "Well, I guess you've +paid your fare; climb into the cab and +help me run this train."</p> +<p> +I commend to you the cultivation of +tact, but don't let it lead you into the +meanest trait of character—selfishness. +To say,</p> +<a name="page42" id="page42"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 42]</span> + +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"Of all my father's family I love myself the best,</p> +<p>If Providence takes care of me, who cares what takes the rest?"</p> +</div></div> +<p> +In the days when there was a community +hearse in a country neighborhood, and +carpenters made the coffins, a young man, +who was ashamed of the old worn-out +hearse, went about soliciting money to +purchase a new one. Presenting the purpose +to an old man of means, he received +from this selfish citizen the reply:</p> +<p> +"I won't give you a dollar. I helped to +buy the old hearse twenty years ago, and +neither me nor my family have ever had +any benefit from it."</p> +<p> +Against this trait of selfishness I place +the most beautiful of all traits—sympathy. +I would rather have the record of Clara +Barton in the great reckoning day than +that of any statesman whose portrait +hangs in a hall of fame.</p> +<p> +During our Civil War she went from +battlefield to battlefield, and was just as +kind to the boy in gray as she was to the +boy in blue.</p> +<p> +After the Civil War Queen Victoria desired +to communicate with Clara Barton +regarding the same mission of mercy for +the German army, where the Queen's<a name="page43" id="page43"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 43]</span> +daughter was then engaged. But Clara +Barton was already on the ocean, and +soon after was in the war zone with the +German army. She was with the first who +climbed the defenses of Strassburg, where +she ministered to the wounded and dying. +At the close of her work there she took +ten thousand garments with her to France. +There she waited till the Commune fell and +again she was with the first to reach the +suffering. In our own war with Spain +she went to Cuba, and though then past +sixty years of age, she stood among the +cots of our wounded and sick soldiers, +soothing their sufferings and cheering +their hearts.</p> +<p> +Still later on in storm-swept Galveston, +Texas, she fell at her post of duty and was +borne back by loving hands to her home, +where she recovered and again resumed +her work of love and mercy, to carry it on +to the end of her long and useful life.</p> +<p> +No wonder the King and court of Germany +bestowed upon her medals of remembrance; +no wonder the Grand Duchess +of Baden placed upon her the "Red +Cross of Geneva;" and in the great day +of reward, He who bore the cross for us +all will place upon Clara Barton the crown<a name="page44" id="page44"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 44]</span> +of eternal life.</p> +<p> +When my wife was president of the +House of Mercy, in Lexington, Kentucky, +a home for the rescue of fallen girls, she +went in her carriage to a dentist with one +of the unfortunate inmates.</p> +<p> +Soon after a business man of the city +said to me: "I hardly see how you can +give your consent to have your wife do +such work. I saw her recently in her carriage +with a girl I would not have my +wife seen with for any amount of money."</p> +<p> +My reply was: "I would rather my wife +should go through the golden gates, bearing +in her arms the spirit of a poor girl, +snatched from the hell of a harlot's home, +than to be the leader of the fashionable +four hundred of New York City."</p> +<p> +There is a beautiful story told of one of +the most influential and wealthy men of +England. He inherited fame as well as +fortune, had an Oxford education and early +in life he was elected a member of Parliament. +One evening he sat in his fine +library, watching the wood fire build its +temples of flame around the great andirons, +and as he heard the beating of the +wild winter storm against the window +pane, his heart went out to the homeless<a name="page45" id="page45"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 45]</span> +hungry poor of the city. Ordering his +carriage he went to the city mission and +asked for a helper, and then drove to London +Bridge, under the shelter of which +the penniless poor gather in time of +storms. He took them two by two to +shelter, gave them food, and cots on which +to sleep, and then returned to his princely +home. We are told that for years after, +when Parliament would adjourn at midnight, +this young man would go through +the slums on his way home, that he might +relieve some poor child of misfortune.</p> +<p> +On Sunday afternoons, while aristocracy +lined the boulevards, this son of fortune +would take his physician in his carriage +and go through the slums, seeking +the sick and suffering. One afternoon, +while he stood outside a tenement door, +awaiting the return of the doctor from +a visit to a poor sick soul inside the tenement, +he became deeply moved by the +ragged children playing in the gutters and +reaching into garbage barrels for crusts +of bread. He said: "Ah! here's the riddle +of civilization. I wish I could help to +solve it; perhaps I can."</p> +<p> +He began the establishment of "ragged +schools" and into these ware gathered<a name="page46" id="page46"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 46]</span> +thousands of poor children. Then followed +night schools for boys who had to work +by day. To these schools he added homes +for working women, and for these women +he persuaded Parliament to give shorter +hours of service. He tore down old rookeries, +built neat dwellings instead, beneath +the windows planted little flower gardens, +and rented them to the poor at the same +price they had paid for the rookeries.</p> +<p> +When he began to fade, as the leaf fades +in its autumn beauty, and the day of his +departure was at hand, he said: "I am +sorry to leave the world with so much +misery in it, but I have lived to prove that +every kind word spoken, and every good +deed done, sooner or later returns to bless +the giver."</p> +<p> +As the end drew near he said to his +daughter: "Read me the twenty-third +Psalm, for 'though I walk through the +valley of the shadow of death, I fear no +evil.'"</p> +<p> +A few days later Westminster Abbey +was crowded with England's nobility to +do him honor. When the funeral procession +reached Trafalgar Square, thousands +of working women stood, with uncovered +heads and tearful eyes, to pay their tribute.<a name="page47" id="page47"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 47]</span> +Children came from the "ragged +schools" bearing banners with the motto: +"I was naked and ye clothed me." From +the hospitals came the motto: "I was sick +and ye visited me," while the working +girls came with a silk flag on which they +had embroidered with their own fingers: +"Inasmuch as ye did it unto the least of +these, ye did it unto me."</p> +<p> +Thus loaded down with the fruits of the +Spirit, Lord Shaftsbury died, and yet lives +in memory as the noblest embodiment of +Christian charity.</p> +<p> +That's sweet music when nature hangs +her wind-harps in the trees for autumn +breezes to play thereon; that must have +been sweet music when Jenny Lind so +charmed the world with her voice, and +when Ole Bull rosined the bow and touched +the strings of his violin; that was sweet +music when I sat in the twilight on the +stoop of my childhood's home and heard +the welkin ring with the songs of the old +plantation; but the sweetest music in this +old world is that which thrills the soul +when spoken in "words of love and deeds +of kindness." Cultivate the trait of sympathy. +The good things you are going to +say of your friend when he's dead, say<a name="page48" id="page48"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 48]</span> +them to him while he's alive. Take care +of the living; God will care for the dead.</p> +<p> +To the trait of sympathy I would add +two grand traits—decision and courage.</p> + +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"Tender handed touch a nettle.</p> + <p class="i2">And it stings you for your pains;</p> +<p>Grasp it like a man of mettle,</p> + <p class="i2">Silk it in your hand remains."</p> +</div></div> +<p> +The decision to throw over the tea in +Boston harbor, to write "Charles Carroll +of Carrolton," and the courage to say, +"Give me liberty or give me death," gave +us this government by and for the people.</p> + +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"If you come to a river deep and wide,</p> + <p class="i2">And you've no canoe to skim it;</p> +<p>If your duty's on the other side,</p> + <p class="i2">Jump in, my boy, and swim it."</p> +</div></div> +<p> +Have the courage to stand for what you +believe to be right. You may have to go +ahead of public sentiment at times, but +you will be rewarded in having your conviction +and conscience with you.</p> +<p> +A number of years ago in Boston, I gave +a temperance address on Sunday afternoon +in Music Hall. At the close of the +lecture a friend said to me: "You said +some good things but though from the old<a name="page49" id="page49"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 49]</span> +bourbon State of Kentucky, you are ahead +of public sentiment in Boston."</p> +<p> +I replied: "Public sentiment does not +always indicate what is right even in Boston. +On your beautiful Commonwealth +Avenue yesterday afternoon I met an elegantly +dressed lady, I suppose a wealthy +one from her jewels and dress. She had +a poodle dog in her arms, with a blue ribbon +on its neck. Yet, the same woman +wouldn't be caught carrying her six-weeks' +old baby down the street for any +consideration."</p> +<p> +Such is public sentiment in fashionable +society in our cities, and yet the highest +type of the world's creation is a pure, +sweet mother with a babe in her arms, and +another holding her apron strings. I +think it would be a blessing to home life +if an avenging angel should go through +this country, smiting every English pug +and poodle dog bought to take the place of +babies. In their places I would put +bright-eyed, rosy cheeked children to greet +fathers when they return home from their +day's labor.</p> +<p> +Battle for the right, remembering that +far better is a fiery furnace with an angel +for company, than worshiping a brazen<a name="page50" id="page50"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 50]</span> +image on the plains of Dura.</p> +<p> +Some young man may now be saying +in his mind, "For me to always stand for +the right would be to meet difficulties at +every step of the way." Don't get alarmed +over difficulties. Half of them are imaginary.</p> +<p> +I made my first trip to California thirty-five +years ago. One morning I stood on +the eastern edge of the plains with a +sleeping car berth at my service and a +through ticket to San Francisco in my +pocket, while the iron horse stood there all +harnessed and ready for the journey. +Wasn't I in good condition for the trip? +Yes, but I saw trouble before me. One +can always see trouble who looks for it. +I had never been across the plains and before +the time for the train to start I walked +to the front of the engine and looking +along the track as it reached out across +the prairie I saw trouble. What was it? +Why, six miles ahead the track wasn't +wide enough. Yes, I saw it. Then on six +miles more the rails came together, with +my destination nineteen hundred miles +away. Soon the train moved and as we +neared the difficulty, the track opened to +welcome us. Not a pin was torn up nor<a name="page51" id="page51"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 51]</span> +a rail displaced. Again I looked ahead +and a mountain was on the track, but before +I had time to get off the mountain got +off. Next came a precipice and the engine +making directly for it, but we dodged that +and I concluded our train had right of +way, so I stuck to the Pullman car and +went through all right.</p> +<p> +Ever since God made the world principle +has had right of way. Get you a +through ticket, get on the train, battle for +the right and you'll come out victorious +in the end.</p> +<p> +Napoleon said: "God is on the side of +the strongest battalions." He entered +Moscow with one hundred and twenty +thousand men. Snow began to fall several +weeks earlier than usual, the highways +were blocked, frost fiends ruled the +air, the great French army was broken +into pieces and Napoleon had to fly for his +life. God taught Napoleon as well as the +commander of the great Spanish Armada, +that victory is in the hands of Him who +rules weather and waves.</p> +<p> +The next trait I would mention is contentment. +Many persons make themselves +miserable by contrasting the little they +have with the much that others have,<a name="page52" id="page52"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 52]</span> +when if they would compare their blessings +with the miseries of others it would +add to their contentment. Let me give +you an old but a good motto: "Never anything +so bad, but it might have been +worse!"</p> +<p> +It is told of a happy hearted old man +that no matter what would happen he +would say: "It might have been worse." +A friend, who wanted to see if the old man +would say the same under all circumstances, +went into a grocery store where he +was seated by a big fire and said:</p> +<p> +"Uncle Jim, last night I dreamt I died +and was sent to perdition."</p> +<p> +Prompt the reply came: "Well, it might +have been worse."</p> +<p> +When some one asked, "How could it +have been worse," he answered: "It might +have been true."</p> +<p> +Doctor A.A. Willetts, "the Apostle of +Sunshine," used to say: "There are two +things I never worry over; one is the thing +I can help, the other is the thing I can't +help." "Count your blessings," was a favorite +expression of the same beloved old +man.</p> +<p> +There are more bright days than cloudy +ones, a thousand song birds for every rain-crow,<a name="page53" id="page53"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 53]</span> +a whole acre of green grass for every +grave, more persons outside the penitentiary +than inside, more good men than +bad, more good women than good men; +slavery, dueling, lottery and polygamy are +outlawed, the saloon is on the run, the +wide world will soon be so sick of war that +universal peace, with "good will among +men," will prevail, labor and capital will +be peaceful partners and human brotherhood +will rule in righteousness throughout +the world.</p> + +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"O, this is not so bad a world,</p> + <p class="i2">As some would like to make it,</p> +<p>And whether it is good or bad,</p> + <p class="i2">Depends on how we take it."</p> +</div></div> +<p> +Fanny Crosby, whose gospel hymns are +continually singing souls into the kingdom, +when but six weeks old lost her sight +and for ninety-two years made her way in +literal darkness, without seeing the beauties +of nature about her, the blue sky with +its sun, moon and stars above her, the +faces of her loved ones, and yet at ninety-two +she said: "I never worry, never think +disagreeable things, never find fault with +anything or anybody. If in all the world +there is a happier being than myself, I<a name="page54" id="page54"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 54]</span> +would like to shake that one's hand." No +wonder out of such contentment came +such songs as, "Jesus is calling," "I am +Thine, O Lord," "Safe in the arms of Jesus."</p> +<p> +How different the cultured young woman, +with all her senses preserved, who after +passing through a flower garden where +perfect sight had feasted on the beauty of +the scene said:</p> + +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"To think of summers yet to come,</p> + <p class="i2">That I am not to see;</p> +<p>To think a weed is yet to bloom,</p> + <p class="i2">From dust that I shall be."</p> +</div></div> +<p> +Poor soul! Instead of enjoying the +summer she had, she was coveting all the +summers between her and eternity. Instead +of thanking God for the immortality +of the soul when done with the body, she +was disappointed because she couldn't carry +the old body along with her. Don't let +these things trouble you. Live one summer +so you will be worthy to breathe the +air of the next if you live to see it; take +care of your body so it will make a decent +weed if God chooses to make one out of +your remains.</p> +<a name="page55" id="page55"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 55]</span> +<p> +Enjoy what you have, don't covet what +you have not, thank God for your home on +earth, follow Fanny Crosby's receipt for +contentment and you will be happy enough +to shake hands with her in the "Land of +the Leal."</p> +<p> +Before I close would you like to have +me point you to greatness? In attempting +to do so, I would not point you to Congress +hall or Senate chamber. You can +find greatness anywhere.</p> +<p> +That was greatness when John Bartholamew +held the throttle of an engine going +over the Sierra mountains, with a train +load of passengers depending upon his +skill and caution, and swinging round a +curve he saw the wood-work of a tunnel +before him on fire. To attempt to stop +the train then, would be to halt in the +flames. He threw on more steam and sent +the train whizzing through the furnace of +fire. Passing out on the other end he was +badly burned, but still held the rein of his +iron horse. A poem dedicated to this brave +engineer closes with the verse:</p> + +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"I 'spose I might have jumped the train,</p> + <p class="i2">In thought of saving sinew and bone,</p> +<p>And left them women and children</p><a name="page56" id="page56"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 56]</span> + <p class="i2">To take the ride alone.</p></div> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"But I thought on a day of recknin',</p> + <p class="i2">And whatever old John done here,</p> +<p>The Lord ain't going to say to him there,</p> + <p class="i2">'You went back as an engineer.'"</p> +</div></div> +<p> +History of life on the ocean tells us of a +ship doomed to go down with four hundred +human beings on board. The pumps +were not equal to the task of holding the +water down to the safety line. The captain +said: "We will draw lots for the life-boats, +one hundred and twenty will go in +them and the remainder must go down +with the ship."</p> +<p> +One after another drew his lot. A sailor, +who had drawn the lot of death, +walked to the railing and said to a comrade +in a life-boat: "When you reach the +shore, see my wife, tell her good-bye for +me and help her in getting my back pay, +for she will need it," and he stepped back +and took his place with the doomed.</p> +<p> +Finally the old mate thrust in his +brawny hand and drew a lot for the life-boats. +He stepped aside to watch those +to follow in the drawing, when a very popular +officer of the ship drew his lot. He +was doomed to go down with the ship.<a name="page57" id="page57"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 57]</span> +Though a brave man, the thought of his +loved ones at home overcame him, and +dropping upon his knees he said: "O God, +have mercy upon my wife and little children."</p> +<p> +The old mate went up to him and taking +his hand said: "We have been in many +storms together and have been good +friends for years. You have a wife and +three sweet little children, while I have no +one that will rejoice at my coming, nor +will any one weep if I never return. It +might have been my fate to go down instead +of you, and it shall be. You take +my lot, and I'll take yours."</p> +<p> +The offer was refused, but the mate +forced his friend into a boat saying, +"Good-bye, I'll die for you like a man."</p> +<p> +The greatness of this world doesn't all +belong to your Solons, Solomons, Washingtons, +Napoleons, Grants, Lees or Gladstones, +but yonder in the humbler walks +of life are heroes and heroines, who in the +final reckoning day, will pale the lustre of +some whose names are engraved on marble +monuments and whose praises are perpetuated +in poetry and song.</p> +<p> +If you ask me to point you to greatness +I do not direct your minds to historic<a name="page58" id="page58"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 58]</span> +heights, but that you may win your share +of greatness I close this address by saying, +wherever your lot in life be cast,</p> + +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"In the name of God advancing,</p> + <p class="i2">Plow, sow and labor now;</p> +<p>Let there be when evening cometh,</p> + <p class="i2">Honest sweat upon thy brow.</p></div> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>Then will come the Master,</p> + <p class="i2">When work stops at set of sun,</p> +<p>Saying, as He pays the wages,</p> + <p class="i2">'Good and faithful one, well done.'"</p> +</div> +</div> +<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /> +<a name="page59" id="page59"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 59]</span> +<a name="II" id="II"></a> +<h3>II</h3> +<br /> +<h2>A SEARCHLIGHT OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY.</h2> +<br /><br /> +<p> +But a little more than a century ago, +the old world laughed at the new. Writers +of the old world called our American +eagle, "a paper bird, brooding over a barren +waste;" yet in what they then called +a barren waste, railroads now carry more +of the products of the earth, than all the +railroads of all the lands, of all the peoples +on the face of the earth.</p> +<p> +When New England people believed +there would never be anything worth +having west of the Connecticut River, +what if some seer had prophesied that in +nineteen hundred there would be a city +on Manhattan Island named New York +that would rival London, two southwest, +Baltimore and Washington to equal Venice, +Philadelphia to match Liverpool, +Pittsburg and Buffalo to surpass Birmingham, +and beyond these a city called +Chicago, which in grit and growth would<a name="page60" id="page60"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 60]</span> +beat anything the old world ever dreamt +of; while on still farther west, would be +a State named Iowa, in which in nineteen +hundred and fourteen, would be produced +enough cattle to beef England, enough +potatoes to feed Ireland and hogs to "beat +the Jews."</p> +<p> +What if he had continued; that in the +libraries of the barren waste, there would +be ten million more books, than in the +combined libraries of Europe; that its +college students would outnumber the +college students of England, France and +Germany combined; that its wealth would +be great enough to purchase the empires +of Russia and Turkey, the kingdoms of +Norway, Sweden, Denmark and Switzerland, +with South Africa and all her diamond +mines thrown in, and then have +enough left to buy a dozen archipelagoes +at twenty millions each, and still have the +wealth of the republic growing at the +rate of five millions of dollars every +twenty-four hours. What a land in which +to live! Think of it; less than a century +and a half ago, Liberty and England's +runaway daughter, Columbia, took each +other "for better or for worse, forever +and for aye" and started down time's rugged<a name="page61" id="page61"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 61]</span> +stream of years. George Washington, +then Chief Magistrate, performed the +ceremony, and what he joined together +time has not put asunder. It was not a +wedding in high life, such as shakes the +foundation of fashionable society today, +but rather more like the swearing away +of a verdant country couple, in some Gretna +Green, with no other capital than +youth, health and trusting confidence. We +have had some domestic discords; once a +very serious family row, but I of the +South, join you of the North, in thanks to +God, the application for divorce was not +granted, and we are still a united republic.</p> +<p> +The memories which followed that civil +strife were so bitter, doubtless many of +you northern brethren believed the men +who surrendered at Appomattox were not +any too sincere, and if we should ever +have war with any foreign country, the +north, east and west would have to furnish +the patriotism, for the South would +never again march under the stars and +stripes. But when the Spanish-American +war broke out, the first boy to pour out +his heart's blood for his country's flag, +was Ensign Bagley, of North Carolina.<a name="page62" id="page62"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 62]</span> +The young man who penetrated the Island +of Cuba, 'mid Spanish bayonets and +bullets, and searched out Cevera and his +fleet in the harbor was Victor Blue, the +son of a Confederate soldier. The young +man who sank the Merrimac, Captain +Richmond Pearson Hobson, was the son +of another Confederate. Our Consul in +Cuba, whose patriotism no one ever +doubted, was General Fitzhugh Lee, and +the old man who planted the flag in the +tree-tops around Santiago, and led two +negro regiments into the battle, was fighting +Joe Wheeler of the Confederate army.</p> +<p> +If I were to close here, what an optimistic +picture would be left in the glow +of the century's searchlight. But alas! +we have unsolved problems of imperial +moment, and my purpose is to throw the +searchlight upon a few of these unsolved +problems.</p> +<p> +First, being a southern man, I shall +turn it upon the Race Problem.</p> +<p> +A century ago the Indian question was +a perplexing problem, but it cuts but little +figure now, for the Indian is nightly +pitching his moving tepee a day's march +nearer the sunset shore, where one more<a name="page63" id="page63"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 63]</span> +shove, and,</p> + +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"Mad to life's history</p> +<p>Glad to death's mystery,"</p> +</div> +</div> +<p> +the red race will go, to where the pale +face will cease from troubling, and the +weary spirit will find its rest at last.</p> +<p> +The Chinese question is of equal insignificance, +since our doors are closed and +barred against the almond eyes of the +Orient.</p> +<p> +The Negro question seems to be the +race riddle of our civilization and it will +take much tact, patience and wisdom to +solve the problem. It may be a revelation +to some of you to know, that at the rate +the negro race has grown since the Civil +War, when the twentieth century goes +out, there will be sixty millions of negroes +in one black belt across the Southland. I +say across the Southland because, the +main body of the negro race will never +leave the track of the southern sun. The +South held the negro in slavery, the North +set him free. We supposed at the close +of the war, he would leave the South and +go to live among his liberators. But after +half a century, he is still clinging to +the cotton and the cane, or sitting in his<a name="page64" id="page64"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 64]</span> +log house home, the "shadowed livery of +the burning sun" upon his brow, the plantation +song still lingering on his lips, the +banjo tuned to memory's melodies on his +knee, a clump of kinky-headed pickaninnies +playing in the sand about his cabin +door, and there he sits multiplying the +Southland and problemizing the century.</p> +<p> +I have not time to discuss at length the +solution of the problems before us, but I +hope to present them in such a manner +as will help you to appreciate their importance +and how they are linked with the +destiny of the republic.</p> +<p> +It seems to me exaltation of character, +dignification of labor, material prosperity, +leaving social equality to take care of itself, +makes up the best solution of the +negro problem. Social equality does take +care of itself even among the white races. +Some of you may have a white servant +who is a good woman, a Christian woman, +you expect to meet her in heaven (if +you get there), but she is not admitted to +your social set.</p> +<p> +There is a vast difference between social +rights and civil rights. Near Lexington, +Ky., where I claim my home, is the country +residence of J.B. Haggin, the multi-millionaire<a name="page65" id="page65"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 65]</span> +horseman. Soon after the +completion of his mansion home, he gave +a reception which cost thousands of dollars. +The "first cut" of society came from +far and near, but I was not invited, nor +did I feel slighted, for I had no claim upon +the millionaire magnate socially. But +when I meet the great turf-king on the +turnpike, he in his limozine and I in my +little runabout, I say, "Mr. Haggin, give +me half the road, sir." Inside his gates +I have no claim, but outside, the turnpike's +free, and J.B. Haggin can't run over me. +So the negro has no claim on the white +man for social equality, but he has a +right to the key of knowledge and a +chance in the world.</p> +<p> +Slavery was not an unmixed evil. Like +the famed shield it had two sides. While +it had its blighting effects it had its blessings. +In bondage the negro was taught +to speak the English language, and in +childhood had the association of white +children with their southern home training. +They were taught two valuable lessons, +industry and obedience, without +which liberty means license. The negro +was compelled to work and obey, two lessons +the Indian never had and never respected.<a name="page66" id="page66"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 66]</span> +Beside these valuable lessons the +negro was taught the fundamental principles +of Christianity and at the opening +of the war nearly every negro belonged +to some church. Their preachers used to +get their dictionary and Bible very amusingly +mixed at times. Elder Barton exhorting +his hearers said: "Paul may plant +and Apolinarus water, but if you keeps on +tradin' off your birthright for a pot of +Messapotamia you'se gwine to git lost. +You may go down into de water and come +up out ob de water like dat Ethiopian +Unitarium, but if you keeps on ossifyin' +from one saloon to another; if you keeps +on breakin' the ten commandments to satisfy +your appetite for chicken; if you +keeps on spendin' your time playing craps, +the fourteenth amendment ain't gwine to +save you. Seben come elebin never took +a man to Heben. I want you to understand +dat." Yet from such crudeness of expression +has come preaching, remarkable for +thought as well as scholarship and eloquence, +while out of the suffering of slavery, +through the law of compensation, we +have matchless melodies in negro choirs +and negro concert companies.</p> +<a name="page67" id="page67"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 67]</span> +<p> +Leaders of thought may differ as to the +methods of solution, but upon one thing +all must agree. The net-work of our republic +is such that if one suffers all suffer, +and the negro is so interwoven with +the various interests of our National life, +we must level the race up or it will level +the white race down. The lower classes +must be lifted to the tableland of a better +life, where they can breathe the pure +air of intelligence and morality, or they +will pollute the whole body politic. They +must also acquire property. Economy is +a lesson the negro race needs to learn. +This lesson was well presented to a drunken +white man by a sober old negro. The +white man spent his money for liquor, and +then started for home. Reaching a river +he must cross by ferry, he found he had +spent his last penny for drink. Seeing an +old colored man seated at a cabin door +near by, he turned toward the cabin. +Nearing the old man he said:</p> +<p> +"Uncle, would you loan me three cents +to cross the ferry?"</p> +<p> +"Boss, ain't you got three cents?"</p> +<p> +"I ain't got one cent," replied the white +man.</p> +<p> +"Well, you can't git the three cents. Ef +you ain't got three cents, you'se just as<a name="page68" id="page68"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 68]</span> +well off on one side de river as you is on +de other."</p> +<p> +I said we may differ as to methods for +solving this race problem. Remembering +as I do the days of slavery, how in Christian +homes the most merciful masters and +the most faithful slaves were found, I believe +the best solution lies in the golden +rule of the gospel of Jesus Christ.</p> +<p> +I now give the searchlight a swing and +it falls upon the City Problem.</p> +<p> +At the opening of the nineteenth century +three per cent. of the people of this +country lived in cities, ninety-seven per +cent. in the country. At the rate migration +is now going from country to city in +twenty years there will be ten millions +more people in the cities than in the country. +This means a change of civilization, +and new problems to solve. It means a +day when cities will control in state and +national elections, and if ignorance and +vice control our cities, then virtue and intelligence +as saving influences will not +suffice to save us. The ignorance prominent +in the machinery of large cities is +illustrated by the police force of New +York City. When applicants for positions +on the police force were being tested a<a name="page69" id="page69"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 69]</span> +few years ago, the question was asked: +"Name four of the six New England +States." Several replied: "England, Ireland, +Scotland and Wales." Another question +was: "Who was Abraham Lincoln?" +As many as ten answered: "He was a +great general." One said: "He discovered +America;" another said: "He was +killed by a man name Garfield;" and another's +answer was, "He was shot by +Ballington Booth."</p> +<p> +The growth of large cities means the +growth of slum-life. Hear me, you who +live out in the uncrowded part of the +country. Maud Ballington Booth tells of +finding five families, living in one attic +room in New York City, with no partitions +between. Here they "cook, eat, sleep, +wash, live and die," in the one room. In +our large cities are armies of children, +whose shoulders "droop with parental +vice," whose feet are fast in the mire of +miserable conditions, whose hovel homes +line the sewers of social life, and who are +cursed and doomed by inheritance.</p> +<p> +Some twenty or more years ago, a +Chicago paper that had money behind it, +and could have been sued for damages +said: "The man who controls the purse<a name="page70" id="page70"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 70]</span> +strings of this city, the school board and +board of public works, is the vilest product +of the slums, a saloon keeper, a +gambler, a man a leading citizen of this +city would not invite into his home." That +man then controlled the purse strings of +the great city of Chicago. I am glad to +say a better man holds the place today. +Hannibal could not save Carthage; Demosthenes +could not save Greece; Jesus +himself could not save Jerusalem. Can +we save the cities of this republic?</p> +<p> +Yet our lads and lassies are eager to +leave the country and go to large cities, +where gas-lit streets are thronged with +humanity and entertainments provided +every hour.</p> +<p> +A country boy said to me: "Mr. Bain, +you go everywhere; you see everything; I +live out here in the country and see nothing." +I have tried it all. For about +twenty-eight years I lived in the country. +Since then my life has been in cities and +on railroad trains between the oceans. My +experience is, there is no life that keeps +the heart so pure and the mind so contented +as life in the country.</p> +<p> +Some years ago I gave two addresses +at Ocean Grove, New Jersey, on Saturday<a name="page71" id="page71"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 71]</span> +evening a popular lecture, and on +Sunday an address to young men. I had +the popular lecture made but not the Sunday +talk. For three months I promised +myself to get that lecture but kept on delaying. +As I neared the time I hoped +something would prevent my going. The +time came, I was at Ocean Grove, knew I +would have a great audience, for the day +was ideal, and still I did not have the lecture +except in skeleton form. After breakfast +Sunday I began to walk the floor, +working out clothing for that skeleton +and racking my brain for climaxes. My +wife was with me and she never would +worry over my having nothing to say. +Into every sentence I would weave she +would inject a piece of her mind about +home or children or some woman's dress +or bonnet. I said: "This is a trying time +with me, won't you take a stroll along +the beach and let me be alone today?" +Like a good wife she gratified my request, +and left me to work and worry over that +lecture. At four o'clock p.m., I could +not see daylight, and in the darkness cried +out: "O Lord, if you will help me this time +I won't ask you again for awhile." The +Lord did help me. My friends said I never<a name="page72" id="page72"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 72]</span> +did so well as that evening. At the +close of the lecture the audience arose and +handkerchiefs, like so many white doves, +fluttered in the air. In the midst of that +scene, an old superannuated minister of +the New York Methodist Conference +planted a kiss on my cheek, and I have +wondered often, why a man should have +thought of that instead of a woman.</p> +<p> +At the close of the service a friend said: +"That must have been the proudest moment +of your life, for surely I never witnessed +such a scene."</p> +<p> +I said: "No, I can recall one that was +greater than the white lilies."</p> +<p> +Away back in Bourbon county, Kentucky, +when I was not quite twenty I was +married to a girl of nineteen. Soon after, +we went to housekeeping in a country +home. It was supper time. I had fed the +chickens and horses, and washed my face +in a tin pan on the kitchen steps, when a +sweet voice said: "Come, supper's ready." +As I entered the dining room my young +wife came through the kitchen door, the +coffee pot in her hand, her cheeks the ruddier +from the glow of the cook stove, her +face all lit up with expectancy as to what +her young husband would think of his<a name="page73" id="page73"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 73]</span> +first meal prepared by his wife. All the +operas I have heard since, and all the cities +I have seen, dwindle into insignificance +compared with that pure, peaceful +home in the country.</p> +<p> +Another sweep of the searchlight brings +us to the Immigration Problem. We are +today the most cosmopolitan country of +the world. At the rate of a million a year +immigrants are pouring in upon us, and +no wonder they come, when they read of +the marvelous fortunes made in the new +world; of Mackay a penniless boy in the +old world, worth fifty millions at middle +life in America; A.T. Stewart peddling +lace at twenty, a merchant prince at fifty; +Carnegie a poor Scotch lad at eighteen, a +half billionaire at seventy. These with +many more such results on a smaller scale, +rainbow the sky that spans the sea, and +from the other end, this end is seen pouring +its gold and greatness into the lap of +the land of the free. So they come, and +though they do not find all they expected, +they do find far more here than they left +behind, and writing letters back over the +ocean, they set others wild with a desire to +live in America. Many of them are excellent +people; their children go into our<a name="page74" id="page74"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 74]</span> +public schools and come out with ours, +one in thought, one in purpose, one in feeling. +A little boy in Chicago said:</p> +<p> +"Papa, you were born in England?"</p> +<p> +"Yes."</p> +<p> +"And mama was born in Scotland?"</p> +<p> +"Yes."</p> +<p> +"And you had a king at the head of +your armies?"</p> +<p> +"Yes."</p> +<p> +"Well! <i>we</i> licked you all the same."</p> +<p> +The children of our foreign born citizens +in our public schools are intensely +American. A boy who was born in this +country but whose parents were foreign +born, was for some misdemeanor chastised +by his father. When his playmates teased +him he said: "Oh, the whipping didn't +count for much, but I don't like being +licked by a foreigner."</p> +<p> +There is another class coming to our +country not only injurious but dangerous. +They bring with them the heresies of the +lands they hail from. They do not come +to be American citizens. There is not an +American hair in their heads, or an American +thought in their minds. Every drop +of blood in their veins, beats to the music +of continental customs, and they come<a name="page75" id="page75"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 75]</span> +prepared to sow and grow the seeds of anarchy. +Many come with tags on their +backs giving their destination; not to +build American homes; not to learn our +language; not to obey our laws, or honor +our institutions, but to undermine the +honest laboring classes who toil to build +homes and educate and clothe their children. +I say, take off their tags and let +them tag back home. Out of this class +came the men who cheered to the echo a +speaker in Chicago when he said: "I am +in favor of dynamiting every bank vault +in this city and taking the money we are +entitled to." Out of such schools of anarchy, +came the man who crossed the +sea from Patterson, New Jersey, to send +a bullet through the heart of King Humbert, +and out of this class came the teachers, +who shrouded our land with shame +and sorrow in Buffalo, New York.</p> +<p> +Just here, I congratulate the spirit of +William McKinley upon its auspicious +flight to the spirit world. There is no +better time and place for one to die, than +at the summit of true greatness, "enshrined +in the hearts of his countrymen, +at peace with his God," the sun of his life +going down, "before eye has grown dim<a name="page76" id="page76"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 76]</span> +or natural force has abated." Take him +from the time he entered the army, where +his commanding general said: "A night +was never so dark, storm never so wild, +weather never so cold as to interfere with +his discharge of every duty." From this +time on, as lawyer, commonwealth's attorney, +congressman, governor, and president, +he was a Jonathan to his friends, a +Ruth to his kindred, a Jacob to his family, +a Gideon to his country. Take him in +private life where an intimate friend said: +"I never heard him utter a word his wife +or mother might not have heard; I never +heard him speak evil of any man." Take +him when stricken down by an assassin, +hear him say: "Let no man harm him; +let the law take its course; good-bye to +all; God's will be done," and in his last +conscious moments chanting "Nearer my +God to Thee," and you have one of the +most touching stories of this old world. +All honor to our martyred president, +William McKinley.</p> +<p> +What a shame that in a land whose +constitution guarantees life, liberty and +the pursuit of happiness to the humblest +citizen, the life of its chief executive is +not safe, though guarded by detectives<a name="page77" id="page77"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 77]</span> +and surrounded by devoted friends. Until +the country is rid of organized anarchy it +would be well to abandon free-for-all +hand-shaking.</p> +<p> +When Senator Hoar made his speech +in the United States Senate against anarchy +he said: "It would be well if the +nations of the earth would combine together, +purchase an island in the sea, +place all anarchists on that island, and let +them run a government of their own." An +Irishman said: "I'm not in favor of any +sich thing; I am in favor of gathering +thim up all right, takin' thim out in the +middle of the ocean, dumpin' them out, +and letin' thim find their own island."</p> +<p> +Out of the personal liberty league, +which is but another form of anarchy, +came the man who in an address a few +years ago said: "This republic is our +hunting ground and the American Sabbath +shall be our hunting day. Down with +the American Sabbath!"</p> +<p> +It has been well said: "The Sabbath is +the window of our week, the sky-light of +our souls, opened by divine law and love, +up through the murk and cloud and turmoil +of earthly life to the divine life +above." Whoever would destroy the Sabbath<a name="page78" id="page78"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 78]</span> +day is undermining the republic, and +any man who does not like the restrictions +of our Sabbath, can find a vessel +leaving our ports about every day in the +year. He can take passage any day he +chooses, and as the vessel steams out we +can afford to sing, "Praise God from +whom all blessings flow."</p> +<p> +Another move of the searchlight and +we have The Expansion Problem.</p> +<p> +Yonder in the Philippine Islands are +seventy different tribes, speaking many +languages. How to mold them into one +common whole, loyal to one flag is a +mighty problem; and yet I am one of those +who believe God intends this American +republic shall be a standard-bearer of civilization +to the darkest corners of the +earth. I do not mean by this that I advocate +imperialism from the standpoint of +wider domain. Indeed I am disposed to +dodge the question of imperialism, as I +dodged the money question in Colorado +when the question was the issue in politics. +I gave three addresses for the +Boulder, Colorado, Chautauqua when the +money question was the all-absorbing one +in the west. At the close of my second +address I was introduced to the superintendent<a name="page79" id="page79"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 79]</span> +of the railroad that runs over the +Switzerland trail. He said: "I understand +your wife is here, and I will be pleased to +have you and Mrs. Bain as my guests tomorrow." +I knew that meant a free ride +and I accepted. The next morning we +were at the station at the appointed hour +and after a wonderful ride mid scenic +grandeur up to where eagles nest, and +blizzards hatch out their young, our host +said: "I want you to have the most thrilling +ride you ever had, and at the next +station be ready to leave the train." As +the brakes gripped the wheels, and the +train rested on the eye-brow of the mountain +height, we stepped off. A hand car +was taken from the baggage car and the +train moved on up the trail. While Mrs. +Bain was captivated by the mountains, I +was looking at that hand car, without +any handles on it, a flat truck with four +wheels. The superintendent said: "Will +you help me lift this on to the track?" I +said: "Yes, but what are you going to do +with it?" When he said: "Going down +the mountain to where we came from," I +said, "What will we hold to?" "To each +other," he replied, and I could see he was +enjoying Mrs. Bain's placidness and my<a name="page80" id="page80"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 80]</span> +apprehension of trouble ahead.</p> +<p> +Determined to sustain Kentucky's reputation +for courage I said no more, but +hoped Mrs. Bain would come to my relief +since she knew her husband was given to +dizziness when riding backwards or +swinging round sudden curves. She said: +"Isn't this a grand sight?" I said: "Yes, +it's grand, but we are going down the +mountain on this hand car." "That will +be fine," was all the comfort she gave me.</p> +<p> +Though I have traveled close to a million +miles behind the iron horse I cannot ride +backwards on a railroad train. In that +respect I am like the husband who when +about to die said to his wife: "I want to +make a special request of you, and that is, +see that I am buried face down; it always +did make me sick to travel backwards." +When a boy I could not swing as could +other boys. My head is not level on my +shoulders. I have never crossed the ocean +and never will. I cannot ride the rolling +waves. Some years ago when out on a +little coast ride for pleasure, (if that's +what you call it) I said to the captain: +"How long till we reach the shore?" When +he answered forty minutes, I felt I +couldn't live that long. But I did, and<a name="page81" id="page81"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 81]</span> +when the boat touched the wharf I felt +as the old lady did who landed from her +first ocean trip saying: "Thank the Lord, +I'm on vice-versa again."</p> +<p> +When Mrs. Bain had seated herself on +one side of that hand car I fixed myself +on the other, gripping the edge of the car. +Off went the brake and we started. In a +few minutes I said to myself: "Farewell +vain world, I'm going home." As we ran +along the wrinkle of the mountain, and +swung out toward the point of a crag +with seemingly no way to dodge the +mighty abyss below, I was reminded of +the preacher's mistake, when in closing a +meeting with the benediction he said: "To +Thy name be ascribed all the praises +in the world with the end out." Around +frost-filed mountain crags, over spider +bridges, through sunless gorges, we went +down that mountain like an eagle swooping +from a storm. When we reached +Boulder, Mrs. Bain jumped from the car +like a school-girl and while she was thanking +our host, I was thanking kind Providence +that we were back in Boulder. On +our way to the hotel I said: "Were you +not frightened when we started down +that mountain?" "Why not at all," Mrs.<a name="page82" id="page82"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 82]</span> +Bain replied; "I knew the superintendent +would not invite us to take the ride unless +it was safe."</p> +<p> +I said: "Well, you had more confidence +in him than you have in me. When I call +at the door with a new horse in the carriage +or phaeton, you won't get in until +you know all about the horse."</p> +<p> +"Yes," she said, "but I know <i>you</i>."</p> +<p> +I do not regret having had that thrilling +experience, but I <i>do</i> feel by that hand +car ride, as the Dutchman felt about his +twin babies. He said: "I wouldn't take +ten thousand dollars for dot pair of twins, +and I wouldn't give ten cents for another +pair."</p> +<p> +That evening I gave my last lecture at +Boulder and in closing said: "I suppose +you who live mid these mines would like +to know how I stand on the money question." +They cheered, showing their desire +to know my views on the then popular +question, and I proceeded to dodge by saying: +"Last evening I stood on yonder veranda +watching the sun as it went down +over the mountain's brow, leaving its +golden slipper on Flag Staff Peak. Colorado +clouds, shell-tinted by the golden +glory of the setting sun, were hanging as<a name="page83" id="page83"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 83]</span> +rich embroideries upon the blue tapestry +of the sky, and soon the full moon began +to pour its <i>silver</i> on the scene. As I stood +gazing at the picture painted by the <i>gold</i> +of the sun, and <i>silver</i> of the moon, I felt +whatever may have been my views on the +money question, the sun's gold-standard +glory, and the moon's free-silver coinage, +as seen from these Colorado Chautauqua +grounds make me henceforth a Boulder +bi-metalist."</p> +<p> +On leaving the platform an old miner +said: "How do you stand on the money +question? You got your views so mixed +up with the sun and moon I couldn't understand +you."</p> +<p> +So if some one should say to me: "Do +you believe in imperialism of humanity:" +If asked: "Do you believe in expansion," +my answer is; "I believe in the expansion +of human brotherhood." "I believe there's +a destiny that shapes our ends," and since +the Philippine Islands were pitched into +our lap in a night, it may be it was done +that the home, the church and the school +might have a chance under civil liberty in +the Philippine Islands. With boundless +resources and immense means, are linked +great responsibilities, and we who live in<a name="page84" id="page84"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 84]</span> +freedom's land, and humanity's century, +are under obligations to help carry the +light of Christian civilization to the darkest +corners of the earth.</p> +<p> +Along with the Christian missionary +goes that other "pathfinder of civilization," +the commercial traveler, who is +known as the "evangel of peaceful exchange" +that makes the whole world kin. +When the Filipinos are fit for self-government, +let us do as we did Cuba, make +them as free as the air they breathe, but +keep the key to Manila Bay as our doorway +to the Orient; for whatever may be +said of the old "Joss House" kingdom with +all her superstitions, she possesses today +the "greatest combination of natural conditions +for industrial activity of any undeveloped +part of the globe." By building +the Suez Canal England secured an advantage +of three thousand miles, in her +oriental trade over the United States. The +Panama Canal wipes out this advantage +and places the trade of New York a thousand +miles nearer than that of Liverpool.</p> +<p> +Now let the United States build her own +merchant marine, then with her own +ships, loaded with her own goods, in her +own harbor at Manila, she has easy access<a name="page85" id="page85"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 85]</span> +to the Orient, with its seven hundred +and fifty millions of people, who purchased +last year more than a billion and a half +dollars worth of the kind of goods we +have to sell, and much of it cotton goods, +which means future employment for the +growing millions of negroes in the South. +While it may be best to confine our territorial +domain within our ocean ditches, +we must encourage commercial expansion, +for we have already one hundred millions +of people; soon we will have one hundred +and fifty millions, and experts tell us +when the present century closes there will +be three hundred millions in this country. +If this republic would build for the future +she must strive to create a world-wide +business fraternity, through which will +go and grow the spirit of the noblest civilization +of the world.</p> +<p> +Another swing of the searchlight and it +falls upon The Labor and Capital Question.</p> +<p> +After all the years of education, agitation +and legislation, we find capital combining +in great corporations on one hand, +and labor organizing in great trade unions +on the other. Like two great armies they +face each other, both determined to win.<a name="page86" id="page86"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 86]</span> +While capital is expanding on one side, +the wants of the laboring classes are expanding +on the other. They see excursion +trains bound for world's fairs; they want +to go. They see stores crowded with the +necessaries and luxuries of life; they want +a share. They live in days of startling +pronouncements, they can read, they want +the morning papers. They live in a larger +world, and knowing their brains and +brawn helped to create the larger world +they feel they deserve a larger share in +its fortunes. When they see avenues lined +with the mansion homes of capital, and +the toiling world crowded into tenement +quarters, and these tenements owned by +capital, not five in fifty of the country's +wage-earners owning their homes, they +naturally conclude there is something +wrong somewhere.</p> +<p> +Over an inn in Ireland hangs a picture +representing the "FOUR ALLS;" a king +with a scepter in his hand saying, "I rule +all;" a soldier with a sword in his hand +saying, "I fight for all;" a bishop with a +Bible in his hand saying, "I pray for all," +and a working man with a shovel in his +hand saying, "I pay for all."</p> + +<a name="page87" id="page87"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 87]</span> +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"God bless them, for their brawny hands</p> +<p>Have built the glory of all lands;</p> +<p>And richer are their drops of sweat,</p> +<p>Than diamonds in a coronet."</p> +</div> +</div> +<p> +I must say, however, all the fault for +present conditions must not be charged to +capital. There are faults within I wish +the laboring world would see and correct. +I travel the country over and note the +men who file in and out the saloons. Are +they bankers or leading business men? +No, they are laborers from factories, furnaces, +fields and work-shops, spending +their money for what is worse than nothing +and giving it to a business that pays +labor less and robs more than any other +capitalization in the world.</p> +<p> +The New York Sun says: "Every successful +man in Wall Street is a total +abstainer. He knows he must keep +his brain free from alcohol when he enters +the Stock Exchange, where his mind +goes like a driving wheel from which the +belt has slipped." The laboring man +needs brain as clear and nerves as steady +as the capitalist if he expects to win in +this age of sharp competition.</p> +<p> +What the laboring classes in this country +spend for liquor in twelve months<a name="page88" id="page88"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 88]</span> +would purchase five hundred of the average +manufactories of the land; what they +spend in ten years would purchase five +thousand, and what they spend in twenty +years would control the entire manufacturing +interests of the country.</p> +<p> +A few years ago a strike occurred with +the Pullman Palace Car Company. What +the laboring classes spend for intoxicating +liquors in three months would purchase +the Pullman Palace Car Company and all +its rolling stock. Instead of a strike, in +which laboring men are out of work and +families suffering for the necessaries of +life, why not stop drinking beer and whiskey +for ninety days, buy the whole business +and let the Pullman Company do +something else. How to husband the resources +of the poor is far more important +than the right use of the fortunes of the +rich. There is less danger in the massing +of money by the rich than there is in +wasting the wages of the working world +in saloons.</p> +<p> +Now I have already thrown the searchlight +upon enough problems for you to +realize I have given you an incongruous +picture. You must be impressed with the +conflicting forces at work upon our republic.<a name="page89" id="page89"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 89]</span> +Never have we had so many advocates +of peaceful arbitration for differences +between nations and never such armament +for war; never such an accumulation +of comforts, never such a multiplication +of wants; never so much done to +make men honest, never so many thieves. +In 1850 seven thousand in our penitentiaries; +in 1860 twenty thousand; in 1870 +thirty-two thousand; in 1880 fifty-eight +thousand; in 1890 eighty-two thousand, +and in 1900 one hundred thousand. In +London, England, last year with over seven +millions of people, twenty-four murders; +in Chicago, one hundred and eighteen. +There are more murders in this republic +than in any civilized land beneath +the sky. Yet in face of all these unsettled +questions, with advancement along all social, +moral, intellectual and religious lines +I have faith to believe this twentieth century +American citizenship will prove itself +sufficiently thoughtful, testful and +tactful to deal with all national issues as +one by one they come within reach of +practical politics, and that this country is +big enough, brave enough, wise enough +and just enough to solve every problem +vexing us today.</p> +<a name="page90" id="page90"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 90]</span> +<p> +Some have not this faith. They see an +army of three hundred thousand tramps +eating bread by the sweat of other men's +brows; the slums of great cities, cradles +of infamy where children are trained to +sin; the "fire-damp of combination trusts" +stifling the working world; gambling +brokers cornering the markets in the necessaries +of life; the wages of working +girls being such as to lead many from +life's Eden of purity; a great battle on +between labor and capital and in this combination +of threatening dangers they see +the overthrow of free government.</p> +<p> +If these pessimists would take a view +from the nether standpoint and see what +we have come through as a country their +fears would be dispelled.</p> +<p> +Look backward fifty years from today +and see the republic wrapped in the +throes of civil strife; the soil of our Southland +soaked with blood and tears; the nation +overwhelmed with debt; four million +negroes turned loose penniless in the +South to beg bread at the white man's +door, and he already on "Poverty row;" +Abraham Lincoln dead in the White +House, shot down by an assassin; the Secretary +of War bleeding from three stab +wounds the same night; and Columbia<a name="page91" id="page91"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 91]</span> +reeling on her throne.</p> +<p> +Now see the harmonious association of +all sections; a firmer establishment of this +"government of the people, by the people +and for the people" than was ever known. +Look over the ocean and see Turkey's +massacre of the Armenians, Russia with +her Siberian horrors, Spain with her +cruelty to the Moors and Jews; or look +closer home over the Mexican border and +see the government torn to tatters and +public men shot down like dogs. Then +turn and note our country's magnanimous +dealings with Cuba; her teachers schooling +Filipinos into nobler life; our President +leading the armies of Russia and +Japan out of the rivers of blood; slavery +gone, lottery gone, polygamy outlawed, +the saloon iniquity tottering to its fall; +hospitals nestled in shadows of bereavement, +hungry children fed on their way +to school, and men who know how to make +money, giving it away for the relief of +suffering and uplift of mankind as never +before. Don't tell me the world is getting +worse.</p> +<p> +I was in New York City for two weeks +at the time of the Titanic disaster. On +Saturday evening before the ocean tragedy<a name="page92" id="page92"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 92]</span> +I stood on the elevated at the corner +of Thirty-third and Broadway. The "Great +White Way" was thronged with pleasure-seekers, +crowding their way to theatres +and picture shows. It seemed to me I +never saw the great city so gay. But, on +Monday morning after, there came on +ether waves the appalling news that the +finest ship in the world had gone down, +and sixteen hundred human beings had +gone with it. I never witnessed such a +transformation. It seemed to me every +woman had tears in her eyes, and every +man a lump in his throat. Actors played +to empty houses that evening; a pall +hung over the great Metropolis. But when +details came, with them came the triumph +of humanity. The rich had died for the +poor, the strong had died for the weak.</p> +<p> +John Jacob Astor had turned away from +his fine mansion on Fifth Avenue, his +summer home at Newport, his hundred +millions of dollars in wealth, and was +found spending his last moments saving +women and children. All honor to the +brave young bridegroom who carried his +bride to a life boat, said, "good-bye +sweetheart," kissed her and stepping +back went down with the ship. All hail<a name="page93" id="page93"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 93]</span> +to that loyal loving Hebrew wife and +mother, Mrs. Straus, who holding to her +husband's arm said: "I would rather die +with you than live without you." Like +Ruth of old, she said: "Where thou goest, +I will go; where thou diest I will die, and +there will I be buried." There side by +side at the ocean gateway to eternity these +old lovers went down together.</p> +<p> +Ah! this republic will never perish +while we have such manhood and womanhood +to live and die for its honor.</p> +<p> +It has been said: "We live in a materialistic +age; that all human activities are +born of selfishness; that manhood is dying +out of the world." All over the land at +midnight, men lean from the saddles of +iron horses, peering down the railroad +track, ready to die if need be for the safety +of those entrusted to their care. Firemen +will climb ladders tonight and their +souls will go up in flames, like Jim Bludsoe's, +to save the lives of imperiled women +and children.</p> +<p> +Look at the orchestra on board the Titanic. +When the supreme moment of danger +came, they rushed to the deck, not to +put on life belts, not to get into lifeboats +but to form in order, and send out over<a name="page94" id="page94"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 94]</span> +the icy ocean, the music of the sweet song, +"Nearer, my God, to Thee." When the +ship lifted at one end and started on its +headlong dive of twenty-seven hundred +fathoms to the depths of the salty sea, +those brave men, without a discordant +note, sent out the sweet refrain;</p> + +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"Now let the way appear</p> +<p>Steps unto Heaven;</p> +<p>All that Thou sendest me,</p> +<p>In mercy given;</p> +<p>Angels to beckon me,</p> +<p>Nearer, my God to thee;</p> +<p>Near to Thee."</p> +</div> +</div> +<p> +May we not hope those brave musicians +and those who died that others might live, +"On joyful wings cleaving the sky," ocean +and icebergs forgot <i>did</i> upward fly, and +on their flight to the spirit world continued +the song, "Nearer, my God, to Thee."</p> +<p> +Manhood is not dying out of the world.</p> +<p> +Students of history are asking, "Will +the fate of Rome be repeated in the history +of this republic?" The answer is, we +have saving influences in this republic +Rome never knew. Rome never had an +asylum for her blind or insane; she never +had a home for widows and orphans;<a name="page95" id="page95"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 95]</span> +her "golden house" of Nero never had an +equal, but nowhere in her dusty highways +could be found footprints of mercy. In +Rome the soldier was the cohesive power, +while socially everything was isolated. In +this republic there is an interlacing and +binding together in bonds of human brotherhood. +A Methodist here bound to Methodists +everywhere, Presbyterian to Presbyterian, +Baptist to Baptist, Disciple to +Disciple, Lutheran to Lutheran, Catholic +to Catholic, Masons, Odd Fellows, Knights +of Pythias, Red Men, Maccabees, Woodmen, +Christian Endeavor Societies, Epworth +Leagues, Y.M.C.A.'s, W.C.T.U.'s, +and many other fraternities, making +up an interdependent, together-woven, +God-allied and God-saving influence ancient +empires never dreamt of. These are +the moral lightning rods that avert from +this republic the wrath of God.</p> +<p> +Am I putting too much stress upon the +humanity side of national life? Do you +tell me money is the great question of this +country, tariff the great question? Bring +me the Bible and what do I find? Only a +very few pages given to the creation of +the material universe, with all its gold +and silver, suns and systems, but I find<a name="page96" id="page96"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 96]</span> +page after page, chapter after chapter, +and book after book, given to the healing +of the lame, the halt and the blind, teaching +a kindred spirit of sympathy to meet +the common woes of humanity.</p> +<p> +What I am about to say may seem more +like sermon than lecture, but I believe it +will be the best thing I have said when the +lecture closes. In the formula of human +touch, laid down in the life of Jesus of +Nazareth, there is more saving influence +for national endurance than in all the +wealth of our country's treasury.</p> +<p> +From the time His beautiful mother +wrapped Him in coarse linen, and cradled +Him on cattle straw in that Bethlehem +barn, on up to His death on the cross, He +was ever touching the masses, healing +their diseases, soothing their sorrows and +teaching the lesson, "the more humanity +you place at the bottom the better citizenship +you will have at the top." In the +golden rule of this human touch lies the +hope of this home of the free.</p> +<p> +A little boy boarded a car in New York +City. A few feet from him sat a finely-dressed +lady and as the boy stared at her, +he moved nearer and nearer until he was<a name="page97" id="page97"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 97]</span> +close beside her.</p> +<p> +"What do you mean by getting so close +to me? Don't you see you have put mud +on my dress from your shoes? Move +away," said the lady.</p> +<p> +The little urchin replied: "I'm so sorry +I got mud on your dress; I didn't mean +to do it."</p> +<p> +"Where are you going, all by your little +self, anyway?"</p> +<p> +"I'm going to my aunt's where I live."</p> +<p> +"Have you no mother?"</p> +<p> +"No mam; she died four weeks ago. I +ain't got any mother now, and that's why +I was settin' up close to you to make believe +you wuz my mother. I'm sorry 'bout +the mud, you'll 'scuse me, won't you, good +lady?"</p> +<p> +The woman extending her hand said: +"Yes I will; come here," and soon her arm +was about him, and tears in her eyes, and +the boy could have wiped his feet on any +dress in that car without rebuke. We +want more of human touch in national +and individual life.</p> +<p> +A tramp called at a fine home for his +supper. The owner said: "You can have +something to eat provided you do some<a name="page98" id="page98"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 98]</span> +work beforehand."</p> +<p> +"What can I do," asked the "hobo."</p> +<p> +A set of harness was given him to clean. +The gentleman went to his supper, and +soon after a blue-eyed, golden-haired girl +of four years came out, and approaching +the tramp, said: "Good evening, sir. Is +you got a little girl like me?"</p> +<p> +"No, I am all alone in the world."</p> +<p> +"Ain't you got no mama and papa?"</p> +<p> +"No, they died a long time ago," and +the tramp wiped away a tear as memory +came rolling up from out the hallowed +past.</p> +<p> +"Oh! I'm so sorry for you, 'cause I have +a home and papa and mama."</p> +<p> +The man of the house came out, and +looking at the harness said: "That's a +good job; you must have done that work +before. Come in and you shall have a +good supper."</p> +<p> +The little tot ran around to the front +gate, where a pair of horses, hitched to a +carriage, waited to take the family on a +drive. The tramp finished his supper and +passing out, the little one in the carriage +said: "Good-bye, mister. When you want +supper again you come and see us, won't +you;" and turning to the driver she said:<a name="page99" id="page99"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 99]</span> +"He ain't got no papa, nor mama, no little +girl and no home."</p> +<p> +The tramp, who heard these words +taking off his old hat bowed low to the +little one who had spoken the kind words.</p> +<p> +A few minutes later while standing on a +street corner, wondering where he could +spend the night, some one shouted, "Horses +running away!" The driver had left +the team and the horses started with the +little girl alone in the carriage, screaming +for help. Men ran out but the mad horses +cleared the track. The tramp fixed himself, +and as the team swept by, he gave a +bound and caught the bit of the nearest +horse. The horses reared and plunged +but the tramp held on, until he swerved +them to the sidewalk. As the near horse +struck the curb he fell and the tramp was +crushed beneath the horse. A physician +came and as he bent over to examine the +heart, the tramp said: "Was the little one +saved?"</p> +<p> +The child was brought and as her sweet +blue eyes tenderly looked at the face of +the dying man he smiled, and then the +spirit took its flight, to where He who +died to save the world, looked with compassion +upon the tramp who gave his life<a name="page100" id="page100"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 100]</span> +for "one of these little ones."</p> +<p> +Oh, the beauty and power of human +touch!</p> +<p> +The Panama Canal is considered the +glory crowning achievement of this century; +but the building of a highway of +sympathy over which to send help to the +hopeless is a far greater achievement. If +this republic is to endure with the stars; +if it is to go down the ages like a broadening +colonade of light, and stand in steady +splendor at the height of the world's civilization; +it will not be because of its +money standard, its tariff or expansion +policy, but because the heart-beat of human +brotherhood sends the blood of a common +father bounding through the veins +of the concentrated whole of humanity, +binding high and low, rich and poor, weak +and strong together.</p> + +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"Work brothers; sisters work; work hand and brain,</p> +<p>We'll win the golden age again;</p> +<p>And love's millennial morn shall rise</p> +<p>In happy hearts and blessed eyes.</p> +<p>We will, we will, brave champions be</p> +<p>In this the lordlier chivalry."</p> +</div> +</div> + +<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /> +<a name="page101" id="page101"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 101]</span> +<a name="III" id="III"></a> +<h3>III</h3> +<br /> +<h2>OUR COUNTRY, OUR HOMES AND OUR DUTY. A PLEA FOR THE HOME AGAINST THE SALOON.</h2> +<br /><br /> + +<p> +The sweetest word in the language we +speak is home. No matter in what clime +or country, whether where sunbeams +dance and play or frost fiend rules the air, +there's no place like home. At the World's +Fair in Chicago I visited the Eskimo village. +To a woman who could speak English +I said: "How do you like this country?"</p> +<p> +"Beautiful, beautiful country. Oh, the +flowers, the green grass, the lovely +homes!" was her reply.</p> +<p> +But when I ventured to ask: "Will you +remain here after the fair and not return +to your land of ice and snow," she shook +her head and said: "No, I want to go +home. I am so homesick."</p> +<p> +"Be it ever so humble, there's no place +like home." In Lexington, Kentucky, +there is a modest looking house, nestled<a name="page102" id="page102"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 102]</span> +mid linden and locust trees. Visitors who +pass in quest of historic spots about the +far-famed city, seldom give even a glance +at that humble abode. Yet when I am far +away, whether in the wonderful west with +its scenic grandeur, or in the east surrounded +by mansions of millionaires, my +heart goes back in memory's aeroplane to +the old Blue Grass town, where six generations +of my family sleep, the dearest +spot on earth to me—"home, sweet home." +When years ago I was nearing the end of +a three months' lecture tour in California, +a friend invited me to join him on a visit +to Yosemite Valley, saying: "You will see +the grandest scenery and biggest trees in +the world." My reply was: "I thank you +very much, but my engagements in the +golden west close on the eighth and I will +start east on the ninth; my old Kentucky +home is grander to me than Yosemite Valley +and my baby bigger than any tree in +California."</p> +<p> +Someone has said the nearest spot to +heaven in this world is a happy home, +where the parents are young and the children +small. I don't know about that. It +seems to me a little nearer heaven is the +home where husband and wife have lived<a name="page103" id="page103"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 103]</span> +long together, where children honor parents +and parents honor God; where the +aged wife can look her husband in the face +and give him the sentiment of the dame +of John Anderson:</p> + +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"John Anderson, my jo John,</p> + <p class="i2">When we were first acquent;</p> +<p>Your locks were like the raven,</p> + <p class="i2">Your bonnie brow was brent;</p> +<p>But now your brow is beld, John,</p> + <p class="i2">Your locks are like the snaw;</p> +<p>But blessings on your frosty pow,</p> + <p class="i2">John Anderson, my jo.</p></div> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"John Anderson, my jo, John,</p> + <p class="i2">We clamb the hill thegither;</p> +<p>And mony a cantie day, John,</p> + <p class="i2">We've had wi' one anither:</p> +<p>Now we maun totter down, John,</p> + <p class="i2">And hand in hand we'll go,</p> +<p>And sleep thegither at the foot,</p> + <p class="i2">John Anderson, my jo."</p> +</div> +</div> +<p> +James A. Garfield said: "It's by the +fireside, where calm thoughts inspired by +love of home and love of country, the history +of the past, the hope of the future, +God works out the destiny of this republic."</p> +<a name="page104" id="page104"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 104]</span> +<p> +A Spartan general pointing to his army +said: "There stand the walls of Sparta +and every man's a brick." Can I not +point to the homes of our country and say: +"There stand the walls of this republic +and every home's a brick." Suppose a +battery, planted on some eminence outside +this city, were to send a shell through +some building every hour; how long until +your beautiful city would be one of +crumbling walls and flying population? +On yonder heights of law are planted two +hundred thousand rum batteries, sending +shells of destruction through the homes of +the people and every day hundreds of +homes are knocked out of the walls of the +republic.</p> +<p> +Do you realize what it means when an +American home is destroyed by drink? +Some years ago on Sunday afternoon I +visited an eastern penitentiary by invitation +of the chaplain. Passing a row of +cells my attention was called to a man +whose face bore the marks of intelligence +and refinement. The chaplain said: "That +man is an ideal prisoner and a born gentleman, +though here for life. He is the +graduate of an eastern college. He married +an accomplished young woman. In +social life he was led into the drink habit,<a name="page105" id="page105"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 105]</span> +and it grew upon him until at times he +became intoxicated. When under the influence +of liquor his reason was dethroned, +and one night in a brawl he killed a +man. He was given a life sentence. Asking +permission to speak he said: 'I have +no complaint to make of the verdict, but +beg the privilege of saying, God who knows +the secrets of all hearts, knows I am not +a murderer at heart, for I don't know +how nor when I killed my friend.' A few +days after he entered this prison his wife +came to visit him. She had with her a +sweet little golden-haired child. As he +entered the office in his striped prison +garb his wife fell into his arms; the agony +on that man's face I can never forget. The +child shrank from him at first, then recognizing +her father, she ran to him. As he +hugged her to his bosom the little one +twined her arms about his neck and said: +'Papa, please come home with us. Mama +cries so much cause you don't come home.' +The man sinking into a chair said: 'O God, +am I never to see my home again?'"</p> +<p> +This is but one of the thousands of +homes destroyed every year by the drink +curse. If I could draw aside the veil and +let you look into the desolate homes of<a name="page106" id="page106"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 106]</span> +your own city tonight, you would feel Ex-Governor +Hanley of Indiana did not give +an overwrought picture when he said: +"Personally, I have seen so much physical +ruin, mental blight and moral corruption +from strong drink that I hate the traffic. +I hate it for its arrogance; I hate it for +its hypocrisy; I hate it for its greed and +avarice; I hate it for its domination in +politics; I hate it for its disregard of law; +I hate it for the load it straps on labor's +back; I hate it for the wounds it has given +to genius, for the human wrecks it has +wrought, for the alms-houses it has peopled, +for the prisons it has filled, for the +crimes it has committed, the homes it has +destroyed, the hearts it has broken, the +malice it has planted in the hearts of men, +and the dead sea fruit with which it +starves immortal souls." With proof of +the truth of this phillipic on every hand, +it is a strange anomaly in our government +that the degrading influence of the saloon +is linked by law to the elevating influence +of school, church and home.</p> +<p> +When Jesus was on earth He came to a +fig tree, dressed in rich leaves but barren +of fruit; it was in fig season but the tree +had only leaves. We read that Jesus<a name="page107" id="page107"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 107]</span> +cursed the tree and it withered. We have +in this country a upas tree named the +liquor traffic. It is not a barren tree, but +far worse than barren. Its branches bend +with the weight of its fruit, but not a pint, +nor a quart, nor gallon, nor barrel from +its boughs ever benefited a single mortal +by its use as a beverage. Its leaves drip +with poison and the bones of its dead victims +would build a pyramid as high as +Appenines piled on the Alps. Jesus withered +the tree that produced nothing. We +license and cultivate the tree whose fruitage +the Bible compares to the bite of a +serpent, the sting of an adder and the +poison of asps.</p> +<p> +In the earlier days of the temperance +movement, when we discussed the question +along moral lines, the license advocates +made it an economic question, but +since the commercial world is fast becoming +a great temperance league, and great +industries are blacklisting the saloon as +an enemy of legitimate business, the liquor +advocates are taking refuge behind the +Bible, and claiming that He who cursed +the tree that was barren, planted the one +whose root and heart, bark and branches +are poisoning the blood of the nation.<a name="page108" id="page108"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 108]</span> +They pervert scripture, take isolated passages +and present an ominum gatherum +of quotations to prove the Bible indorses +the use of strong drink. By the same +process I can prove one of these Bible license +scholars should hang himself and be +in haste about it. I read on one page of +the Bible, "Judas went out and hanged +himself." On another page I read, "Go +thou and do likewise." And on another, +"Whatsoever thou doest, do it quickly."</p> +<p> +Against these sacrilegious uses of +scripture, I place the estimate of the fruit +of this upas tree from one whose words +are unmistakable, and whose wisdom none +can question. Solomon said: "Wine is a +<i>mocker</i>." Was there ever a word of more +weight in its application? When a boy in +school nothing so vexed me and made me +want to fight, as for a boy to <i>mock</i> me. I +remember when one of the prettiest girls +in school made faces at me and <i>mocked</i> +me; from that hour I could never see any +beauty in that girl's face, nor have I quite +forgiven her to this day. When the Jews +wanted to heap the greatest indignity +possible upon Jesus, when they had driven +the nails in His hands, pierced His side, +placed the crown of thorns upon His head<a name="page109" id="page109"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 109]</span> +and pressed the bitter cup to His lips, they +stood off and <i>mocked</i> Him.</p> +<p> +Is wine a mocker? Did Solomon know +what he was talking about when he gave +it that detestable name? He added still +another word and called it a deceiver. +Does it deceive and mock? It meets a +young man at a social feast, garlands itself +with the graces of hospitality, sparkles +in the brilliant jewels of fashion, +smiles through the faces of female beauty, +furnishes inspiration for the dance and +mingles with music, mirth and hilarity. +Gently it takes the young man by the +hand, leads him down the green, flowery +sward of license, filled with the rich aroma +of the wild flowers of life. When it has +firmly fixed itself in his appetite, it begins +to strip him of his manhood as hail strips +the trees, and when, with will-power gone, +nerves shattered, eyes bleared and face +bloated, he stands with the last vestige of +manly beauty swept from the shattered +temple of the soul, it stands off and <i>mocks</i> +him. It goes to a home, tramples upon the +pure unselfish love of a wife, enthrones +the shadow of a drunkard's poverty upon +the hearth-stone, makes the empty cupboard +echo the wail of hungry children<a name="page110" id="page110"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 110]</span> +for bread, with its bloody talons marks +the door lintels with the death sentence of +an immortal soul, and then stands off and +<i>mocks</i> the home. It goes to the Congress +of the United States and says: "Put upon +me the harness of taxation and I'll pull +you out of the mire of national debt, and +make the administration of the party in +power a financial success." Then with a +government permit, it proceeds to take out +of the pockets of the people five times as +much as it pays the government; creates +three-fourths of the country's crimes, +four-fifths of its pauperism, sixty per +cent. of its divorces, dooms to poverty and +shame a great army of children, blights +rosebuds of beauty on cheeks of innocence, +shatters oaks of manhood, leaves its +polluting taint upon all that it touches, +and then stands off and mocks the republic. +Was there ever more meaning condensed +into one brief utterance than in +Solomon's warning, "Wine is a mocker, +strong drink is raging, and whosoever is +deceived thereby is not wise?" Is it wisdom +in this republic to deliberately, for +revenue, set in motion causes that neutralize +its progress, waste its forces and destroy +the fireside nurseries of the nation's<a name="page111" id="page111"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 111]</span> +destiny?</p> +<p> +If I were an artist I would now place +before you a picture of an ideal American +home. I would not make it the fine mansion +on the avenue, nor would I make it +"the old log cabin in the lane." I would +make it a neat country home with garden +of flowers, orchard of fruits, a barn lot +with bubbling spring and laughing brook. +In the door of this home I would place an +American mother with the youngest of +four children in her arms; the oldest son +driving his tired team to the barn, the +second one the cows to the cupping, the +daughter spreading the cloth for tea, and +the head of the house sinking the iron-bound +bucket in the well for a draught of +cold water when day's work for loved ones +is o'er. Approaching the door a commission +appointed by Congress on political +economy lift their hats as the spokesman +says: "Madam, are you mistress of this +mansion?"</p> +<p> +"I am the wife and mother of this humble +home, gentlemen; the man at the well +is my husband."</p> +<p> +"Madam, we are commissioned by Congress +to investigate the home life of the +country and would like to learn what this<a name="page112" id="page112"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 112]</span> +home is doing for the republic."</p> +<p> +"Come in, gentlemen, and be seated, +while I call my husband. We feel honored +by your visit and would be pleased to +have you take tea with us."</p> +<p> +The invitation is readily accepted and +after a good country supper the investigation +proceeds. In answer to the question +as to the relation of the home to the welfare +of the republic, the head of the +house says: "Gentlemen, we are trying to +keep our home pure; it is our purpose to +make our boys patriotic American citizens +and our daughters true American +women. We love God and endeavor to +keep His commandments, and this is +about all I can say about our home."</p> +<p> +"That is well so far, but may we ask +what sacrifice would this home be willing +to make for the republic if its flag were in +peril?"</p> +<p> +The wife exclaims: "You alarm us by +your question. Is our country in danger?"</p> +<p> +"Yes, madam. The combined forces of +the Old World are nearing our shores and +the republic is in peril."</p> +<p> +"Wait, gentlemen, until we talk it over." +<a name="page113" id="page113"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 113]</span> +The family retires for consultation and +soon the mother appears, and with tears +in her eyes says: "Gentlemen, we've decided. +Take our oldest boy, who is eager +to go. Take him to the battlefield; if he +falls in defense of his country's flag, come +back, we'll kiss the second one and tell +him, 'go fill your brother's place.' Gentlemen, +we love our country next to our +God and this home is pledged to this country's +honor."</p> +<p> +I say, any country that has such mothers +for its patriotism, such guardians for +its homes, should protect these homes and +mothers with all the power of police, all +the majesty of law, and any evil that attempts +to destroy these homes ought not +to be licensed, but should be buried as the +old Scotch woman would bury the devil—with +"face down, so the more he scratched +the deeper he would go."</p> +<p> +I am sick of the hollow sentiment, "the +hand that rocks the cradle rules the world," +insofar as it relates to the drink problem. +If the hand that rocks the cradle did rule +the world, there would not be two hundred +thousand rum-fiend vultures soaring over +the cradle homes of our country today. +If a mother could keep her boy in the cradle +she might rule the world, but the trouble<a name="page114" id="page114"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 114]</span> +is, the boy gets too big for the cradle +and jumps out. In the cradle he's mama's +child, coos if mama coos, and laughs when +mama laughs; but out of the cradle he's +papa's boy, swears if papa swears, smokes +if papa smokes, drinks if papa drinks. If +papa does none of these things, then the +world, ruled by hands that don't rock +cradles, steps in with licensed schools of +vice to teach him to drink.</p> +<p> +When General Grant was President of +the United States he appointed an old +colored man mail-carrier over a route in +the mountains of Virginia. One day, +when in a lonely spot, two robbers faced +the negro and demanded the mail. The +old man, lifting himself in his saddle said:</p> +<p> +"Gentlemen, I is de mail-carrier of de +United States; you touch dis darkey and +you'll have de whole army of dis government +on you in twenty fo' hours."</p> +<p> +Blessed will be the day when every +mother in our land can say to the saloon: +"You touch my home and you'll have the +police power of this republic on your heels +in twenty-four hours."</p> +<p> +But, who is the government? We are +told that in the early history of this country, +a country magistrate rode horseback<a name="page115" id="page115"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 115]</span> +from Maryland to Washington to consult +the government. Going to the White +House he was informed the government +was not there. At the Capitol he was informed +the people are the government. +He returned home, called the voters of his +county to a meeting in the courthouse and +said: "Gentlemen, I have a very important +question I want to present to the government." +So I desire to talk to the government, +you voters who are to decide the +policy of this republic regarding the liquor +traffic.</p> +<p> +An Irishman brought before the court +for an assault upon a saloon keeper was +questioned by the judge, who said: "Mr. +Dolan, what have you to say; are you guilty +or innocent of the charge made against +you?"</p> +<p> +The Irishman replied: "By me soul, +judge, I couldn't tell ye. I was blind, stavin' +drunk on the manest whiskey ye iver +tasted, yer honor."</p> +<p> +"I do not use whiskey of any kind," said +the judge.</p> +<p> +"Ye don't. Thin I don't think ye are +doin' yer duty by such constituents as meself. +Ye license men to sell the stuff; ye +ought to taste the stuff ye license men to<a name="page116" id="page116"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 116]</span> +sell, thin ye would know how it makes a +gintlemen behave himself."</p> +<p> +The judge rapped for order in the court +and repeated the question, "Are you guilty +or innocent of the charge?"</p> +<p> +"Judge, I'll state the case and let yer +honor decide for me, which ye are hired to +do anyway. I was standin' by the corner +of the strate on me way home from work, +when I spied the bottles in the window of +the saloon. The sight of thim bottles made +me thirsty, so I wint in and took a drink. +Jist thin three other thirsty ones came in +and I took a drink with thim; thin they +took a drink with me and we kept on +drinkin' till we thought we were back in +auld Ireland at Donnybrook Fair. Whenever +we saw a head we struck it and I suppose +this gintlemin's head came my way. +Now here's the case, judge. If I hadn't +taken the whiskey, I wouldn't a been in +the row, for I'm always paceable whin +sober; if the saloon hadn't been there I +wouldn't have taken the whiskey; and if +the Court hadn't licensed the saloon it +wouldn't have been there. Ye can take +the case, sir."</p> +<p> +What makes the drunkard? The drink. +What supplies the drink? The saloon.<a name="page117" id="page117"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 117]</span> +What makes the saloon? The law. Who +makes the law? The legislator. Who +makes the legislator? The voter. It's the +"House that Jack built," only I will change +the verbage a little. Intemperance is the +fire the devil built. Strong drink is the +fuel that feeds the fire the devil built. Distilleries, +breweries and saloons are the +axes that cut the fuel that feeds the fire +the devil built. License laws are molds +that cast the axes, that cut the fuel that +feeds the fire the devil built. License voters +and legislators are the patentees who +invented the molds that cast the axes that +cut the fuel that feeds the fire the devil +built. Prohibition ballots are the sledge +hammers destined to destroy the molds +that cast the axes that cut the fuel that +feeds the fire the devil built.</p> +<p> +There is a chain of responsibility running +through the drink question which +many good men fail to recognize. You +know a chain is made up of links welded +together. The drunkard is only one link; +he is not a chain. When you link him to +the drink then you begin the chain; the +drunkard comes from the drink. That is +not all of the chain however; the drink is +linked to the saloon. If you have the saloon,<a name="page118" id="page118"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 118]</span> +you have the drink, you have the +drunkard. This is not all of the chain; +you have the license law. If you have +the license law, you have the saloon, you +have the drink, you have the drunkard. +There is yet another link; the license law +is linked to the license voter. The drunkard +comes from the drink, the drink comes +from the saloon, the saloon from the law, +and law from the license voter. Who are +the license voters? Many of them are +Christian men on their way to heaven; but +the trouble with them is the other end of +the chain is going another road. "No +drunkard can enter the kingdom of heaven."</p> +<p> +I know it is a common remark that this +is a free country, and if a man chooses to +drink, let him do so and take the consequences. +If one could take alone the consequences +of his sin there might be some +claim to personal liberty. But when a +man's liberty involves another life the +scene changes. A young man may commit +a sin in social life and by reform be forgiven, +but when that other life involved +in his sin, is seen in after years, walking +the streets in painted shame, reproducing +the consequences of that man's sin, memory<a name="page119" id="page119"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 119]</span> +and conscience will combine to give +him waking hours while the world sleeps. +A man may never enter a saloon, never +take a drink of intoxicating liquor, but if +he votes for the saloon his life becomes involved +in the consequences of the saloon. +What are the consequences? Here is a +sample. After a three days' blizzard in +one of our large cities a reformer visited +a morgue and seeing a large clothes-hamper +full of dead babies he said: "What +does this mean?"</p> +<p> +The reply came: "They were gathered +from the drunkards' hovels of the city this +morning."</p> +<p> +The visitor tells us: "Their bodies were +frozen, and several arms were sticking up +out of the basket as if reaching out after +life and love."</p> +<p> +The streets of our city slums are rivers +along whose shores at midnight can be +heard the death gurgle of helpless little +ones, while poverty's row is full of children +cursed by inheritance, who are not +living but merely existing by scraping the +moss of bare subsistence from empty buckets +in wells of poverty; and the air is +freighted with oaths and obscenities from +demonized men and demi-monde women<a name="page120" id="page120"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 120]</span> +who pour the poison of their blood into the +social life of city slums.</p> +<p> +I was both grieved and amazed when I +read from the pen of a brilliant Kentucky +editor an editorial denouncing as tyrannical +a sumptuary law that "denies to a citizen +the right to order his home, his meat, +his drink, his clothing, according to his +conscience." I wonder if the great editor +ever considered the sumptuary law of the +saloon. Every woman who fills the holy +office of wife and mother has a right to a +home. The sumptuary law of the saloon +says to hundreds of thousands of such women: +"You shall not have a home; you +shall live in a hovel. You shall not order +your home, your food, your drink, your +clothing, according to your conscience, but +according to the best interest of the saloon +these comforts shall be ordered. You +shall work all day in the harness of oppression +and when night comes instead +of restful sleep, you shall watch the stars +out and wait the return of husband and +sons." What about this inhuman denial +of the right to order meat, drink, clothing +and home life? Such is the sumptuary +law of the saloon.</p> +<a name="page121" id="page121"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 121]</span> +<p> +Every child in this country has a right +to an education and a chance in the world. +The saloons say to hosts of children: "You +shall have neither education nor opportunity. +You shall go to the streets and +sweat-shops to earn bread. You shall live +in ignorance and mid evil environment +that we may gather in the wages of your +fathers." How does this sumptuary law +of the saloon compare with a sumptuary +law that forbids the sale of what is of no +earthly or eternal benefit to any one who +uses it.</p> +<p> +The same distinguished editor said: +"When women gather around voting +booths on election days with sandwiches +and coffee, they present an indecent spectacle +to the public." The man who goes +with gun in hand and shoots down another +in defense of his country is a hero. +The mother lion or bear that defies the +hunter's bullets and dies in defense of her +young we can but respect; but when woman, +who has suffered so long in silence, +goes near where the welfare of her home +is at stake and out of the sore, sad sorrow +of her heart appeals to men for protection +to her home from the ravages of the saloon, +she is not paid the respect given to +a mother hen or bird or bear by the advocate<a name="page122" id="page122"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 122]</span> +of the liquor traffic. When the niece +of Cardinal Richelieu was demanded by a +licentious king, the Cardinal said: +"Around her form I draw the awful circle +of our kingly church; set a foot within +and on thy head, aye, though it wear +a crown, shall fall the curse of Rome." +Shall the crown of gold on the distiller's +and brewer's brow hush into silence the +lion-hearted manhood of our republic +when its sons and daughters are demanded +to feed the maw of the liquor traffic?</p> +<p> +One of the famous pictures of the masters +is of a woman bound fast to a pillar +within the tide-mark of the ocean. The +waves are curling about her feet. A ship +is passing under full sail but no one seems +to see or heed the woman in peril. Birds +of prey hover above her, but she sees +neither bird, nor ship, nor sea; knowing +her doom is sealed, she lifts her eyes to +heaven and prays. This picture represents +thousands of women tied fast to +their doom within the tide-waves of the +ocean of intemperance. The ship of state +passes by, bearing its share of the ill-gotten +gains of the liquor traffic, but heeds +not the moans and cries of struggling, +strangling, dying woman. Oliver Cromwell<a name="page123" id="page123"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 123]</span> +said: "It is relative misgovernment +that lashes nations into fury." The long +suffering in silence by the womanhood of +this country from the misgovernment that +has heaped upon woman the woes of +strong drink by the licensed saloon, whether +a tribute to the patience of woman or +not, is to the eternal shame of man, +whose inhumanity to woman through the +liquor traffic is making "countless millions +mourn."</p> +<p> +To this misgovernment is due the unrest +among women and the impetus behind the +equal suffrage movement today. There +needs to be a saving influence brought into +our political life, and I have faith to believe +that woman's ballot will provide that +influence. Having proved her dignity in +every new field of activity she has entered, +I believe the same flowers of refinement +will adorn the ballot box when she +holds in her hand the sacred trust of franchise. +Her life-long habit of house-cleaning +will be carried to the dirty pool of +politics, where the saloon is entrenched, +and the demagogue and demijohn will be +carted away to the garbage pile of discarded +rubbish.</p> +<a name="page124" id="page124"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 124]</span> +<p> +Now and then I am asked: "What will +become of the men who are engaged in the +liquor business if the country goes dry? +What will become of their families?" I +answer by asking: What becomes of the +men the saloons put out of business? What +becomes of their families? When prohibition +puts a man out of business, it leaves +him his brain, blood, bone, muscle, nerves +and whatever manhood he has left in +store, while his long rest from active toil +has given him a reserve force for active, +useful business. When the saloon puts a +man out of business, he goes out with +shattered nerves, weak will, poisoned +blood and so unfitted for service no place +is open for him to earn a living. Recently +a man put out of business by prohibition +said to me: "This town went dry seven +years ago, and going out of the saloon business +has been such a benefit to me and to +my family, I shall work and vote to put +all other saloon-keepers in this state out +of business for their own good."</p> +<p> +On the other hand, I have in mind a +man who once chained the Congress of the +United States by his eloquence. Clients +clamored for his service, and prosperity +crowned his practice in the courts. In +drinking saloons he lost his clientage and<a name="page125" id="page125"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 125]</span> +in penniless poverty he died—unwept, unhonored, +unsung. The ex-saloon-keeper to +whom I referred is city marshall and very +popular, while the man put out of business +by the saloon has no chance:</p> + +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"Where he goes and how he fares,</p> +<p>Nobody knows and nobody cares."</p> +</div> +</div> +<p> +Along with the question of what will +become of the men put out of business by +prohibition, comes the question, what will +the farmers do with their corn if distilleries +are closed? Less consumption of +whiskey means more consumption of cornbread +and that means more corn. Less +consumption of whiskey means greater +consumption of bacon, and more bacon +means more corn to feed hogs. When a +liquor advocate said to an audience of farmers: +"If this state goes dry what will +you farmers do with your corn," an old, +level-headed farmer shouted: "We'll raise +more hogs and less hell."</p> +<p> +Prohibition means more of everything +good, and less of everything bad; more +manhood, less meanness; more gain, less +groans; more bread, less brawls; more +clothing, less cussedness; less heartaches +and more happiness. Turn saloons into<a name="page126" id="page126"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 126]</span> +bake shops and butcher stalls, distilleries +into food factories, breweries into stock +pens, and the country will be a thousandfold +better off than feeding its finances by +starving its morality.</p> +<p> +This question lifts itself head and +shoulders above every other question +touching practical politics today. You nowhere +read of a nation going to destruction +because of too much gold or too little +silver, too much tariff or too little tariff, +but always because of the vices of its people. +The nation that bases perpetuity upon +moral character will endure with the +stars, while walls thick and high as +Babylon's will not save a drunken republic.</p> + +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"Vain mightiest fleets of iron found,</p> + <p class="i2">Vain all her conquering guns,</p> +<p>Unless Columbia keeps unstained</p> + <p class="i2">The true hearts of her sons."</p> +</div> +</div> +<p> +Beautiful Constance of France was +dressing for a court ball. While standing +before a mirror, clasping a necklace of +pearls, a spark from the fireplace caught +in the folds of her gown. Absorbed in +her attire, she did not detect the danger +until a blaze started. Soon, rolling on the<a name="page127" id="page127"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 127]</span> +floor in flames, she burned to death. When +the news reached the ballroom the music +hushed, the dance halted, and "Poor Constance! +Poor Constance!" went from lip +to lip, but soon the music started and the +dance went on. While I am talking now +the youth, beauty and sweetness of American +life is in peril from the flames that +are kindled by the licensed saloon. From +an inward fire men are being consumed +and homes destroyed. Will we say, "Poor +Columbia!" and keep step to the <i>mocker's</i> +march to the nation's death; or will we +put out every distillery and brewery fire +and make this in reality "the land of the +free and the home of the brave?"</p> +<p> +In the name of all that is pure and true +and vital in national life, I plead with every +lover of home and country to come to +the help of the cause that must succeed if +this republic is to live. I plead with +Christians in the name of the church, +bleeding at every pore because of the +curse of drink. If everyone whose name +is on a church roll would step out in line +of duty on this question, very soon God +would stretch out His arm and save this +republic from the liquor traffic. God has +been ready a long time; His people have<a name="page128" id="page128"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 128]</span> +not been ready to do their part. Too +many Christians are like the horse Sam +Jones used to tell of.</p> +<p> +He said: "We have a horse in my neighborhood +in Georgia, which if hitched to a +load of stone or cotton balks and won't go +a step; but in light harness in the shafts +of a race cart he will pace a mile in two-thirty. +We have too many Christians +who are like this horse; they trot out to +church Sunday morning, but hitch them +to a prayer meeting and they won't pull a +pound."</p> +<p> +Dr. McLeod, the stalwart Scotch preacher, +on his way to a session of his church +had with him a small hunch-back member +of his church, a dwarf in size but an earnest +worker. Crossing a certain stream +a storm struck the boat and the waves +were sending it toward the rocks. A boatman +at one end said:</p> +<p> +"Let the big preacher pray for us."</p> +<p> +The helmsman at the other end said: +"No, let that little fellow pray and the big +one take an oar."</p> +<p> +Oliver Cromwell, going through a cathedral, +came upon twelve silver statues. +Turning to the guide he said: "Who are<a name="page129" id="page129"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 129]</span> +these?"</p> +<p> +The guide replied: "Those are the +twelve apostles, life-size and solid silver."</p> +<p> +Cromwell said: "What good are they +doing as silver apostles? Melt them down +into money and let them be of some service +to the country."</p> +<p> +We have too many silver statue church +members who need melting down and +sending out to help save our republic from +the fate of other nations that have perished +through their vices. We need more +men with moral courage to voice and vote +their convictions. When the slavery question +was agitating the country Henry Clay +stood for a compromise he believed would +help to solve the question. Many of his +friends in the South censured him, and +sent him letters calling him a traitor. He +arose in the Senate to speak, it is said, +looking pale from the effect of the censure +he was then receiving day by day. +Addressing the Senate he said: "I suppose +what I shall say in this address will cost +me many dear friends." A reporter said: +"He hesitated as if choked with emotion +at the thought of losing his friends." Then +with the majesty of greatness and magnetism +of manner he proceeded, saying: "I<a name="page130" id="page130"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 130]</span> +am charged with being ambitious. If I +had listened to the soft whisperings of ambition +I would have stood still, gazed upon +the raging storm and let the ship of state +drift on with the winds. I seek no office +at the cost of courage or conviction. Pass +this bill. Restore affection to the states +of this Union and I will go back to my +Ashland home; there in its groves, on its +lawns, 'mid my flocks and herds, and in +the bosom of my family, I will find a sincerity +I have not found in the public walks +of life. Yes, I am ambitious, but my ambition +is that I may become the humble +instrument in the hands of God, in restoring +harmony to a distracted nation, and +behold the glorious spectacle of a true, +united happy and prosperous people."</p> +<p> +There is a grandeur in the mountain +that lifts itself above the hamlets at its +base, and bearing its brow to the threatening +storm clouds says to the forked +lightning, "Strike me!" but grander is the +man who can stand 'mid the allurements +of the world's honors and say: "I would +rather be right than President." Dare to +do right and what you do will have its reward.</p> +<a name="page131" id="page131"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 131]</span> +<p> +"Shamgar, what's that in thy hand?"</p> +<p> +"Only an ox-goad."</p> +<p> +"Come dedicate it to God, and go slay +those Philistines."</p> +<p> +"David, what's that in thy hand?"</p> +<p> +"Only a sling and a little stone from the +brook."</p> +<p> +"Come dedicate them to God, and go kill +the giant."</p> +<p> +"My little lad, what's that you have?"</p> +<p> +"Only five loaves and two little fishes."</p> +<p> +"Come, dedicate them to God; they'll +feed thousands and you will have baskets +full left."</p> +<p> +My brother, what's that in thy hand? +Only a little American ballot. Come dedicate +it to God and home and native land, +go cast it against the licensed liquor +traffic and your life will bear fruit which +the angels will gather when you have "finished +your course" and "kept the faith."</p> +<p> +You are soon to have the local option +test in your county. If I could do one +thing I could make the victory for the +home overwhelming. You know if the +saloons continue they will have their victims +in the future as they have had in the +past. You know too their victims will +come from the youth of your county. +Those who are victims now will soon be<a name="page132" id="page132"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 132]</span> +dead bodies, or "dead broke." The men in +the saloon business do not look to men +who are drunkards now, for future use +nor do they intend to use horses or cattle +or dogs, but <i>boys</i>. If I could announce +that on the evening before the vote is to +be taken I would present to the public the +future victims of the saloons in this county. +If I had a prophet's eye and could select +these victims, how many homes I +would enter where I would not only be an +unwelcome but an unexpected visitor. +When the hour would arrive for the exhibition, +what an audience I would have! +Nothing like it ever gathered in this +county; from every corner of it parents +would come. When placed in line on an +elevated platform so all could see, I would +speak through a megaphone saying: "I +present to you the future victims of the +liquor traffic in your county; here are the +boys who will be your future drunkards +and here are the girls who will be the +wives of drunkards." I imagine some +father, who thinks regulation the best +policy, would exclaim:</p> +<p> +"There's my boy. I never thought the +saloon would take my son. Don't talk to +me about regulation. Come, you fathers<a name="page133" id="page133"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 133]</span> +whose sons are not here, and help me save +my boy."</p> +<p> +Another would press through the crowd +to be sure that he was not mistaken and +say: "There's my daughter. I never +dreamt she would be a drunkard's wife. +I have said prohibition won't prohibit, but +I will say it no more. Come, good fathers +who love your children, and help me save +my child."</p> +<p> +This is but the forecast for some parents +in this audience. Would it be wrong +if I should say: "O God, if the saloons are +to continue in this county, if they are to +have their victims in the future as in the +past, let the fathers who vote the curse on +the county furnish the victims." I do not +offer up any such prayer, but I do say: "O +God, give to the home the protection +of a prohibition law, and may the victims +not be anybody's boy or anybody's +girl. Go out of this hall tonight resolved +you will link your faith in principle with +your work. Faith and work!"</p> +<p> +I like that story of the mother in New +England, who on a visit from home, received +a message calling her to the bedside +of a daughter who was hopelessly ill. +Hurrying to the nearest railroad station<a name="page134" id="page134"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 134]</span> +she said to the conductor: "Sir, do you +connect at the junction with the train that +will take me to my sick child," at the same +time handing him the message.</p> +<p> +"No, madam, we do not run our trains +to connect with trains on that road. The +train will be gone some little time before +we reach the junction."</p> +<p> +"Sir, are you a Christian?"</p> +<p> +"No, madam, I'm a railroad conductor."</p> +<p> +"Have you a Christian man with the +train?"</p> +<p> +"Yes, that man you see oiling the engine +claims to be a Christian, and I think +he is; you might consult him if you like."</p> +<p> +Going to the engineer she said: "Please +read this message and tell me if you can +catch that train at the junction."</p> +<p> +The engineer read the message and +said: "I'm sorry, madam, but that train +goes fifteen minutes before we get there."</p> +<p> +"Please sir, catch that train and let me +see my daughter before she dies."</p> +<p> +"I would give a whole month's wages if +I could," said the tender hearted engineer.</p> +<p> +"Then don't you think God can hold the +train fifteen minutes till we get there," +said the distressed mother.</p> +<a name="page135" id="page135"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 135]</span> +<p> +"Oh yes, God can do anything," was the +reply.</p> +<p> +"Won't you ask God to hold that train? +And I will ask Him."</p> +<p> +The engineer said: "Yes, I will."</p> +<p> +The mother boarded the train, and on +schedule time the engine moved. The engineer +took hold of the lever and up with +the smoke from the engine went the prayer: +"Lord, hold that train fifteen minutes +for that good mother." With this prayer +more steam was turned on than usual and +at the next station the train was two minutes +ahead of time. At the next station +two more minutes had been gained. It +was in the early days of railroading when +rules were not so strict as now; the conductor +knew there was nothing in the way, +so he concluded to let the Christian engineer +have his way. As the train was +starting for its third and last run for the +junction, the engineer said: "Lord, if you +will hold that other train seven and a half +minutes, I'll make up the other seven and +a half."</p> +<p> +When the engineer had made up his seven +and a half, sure enough there stood the +other train. When the engineer said to +the conductor: "What are you waiting +for," the reply was: "Something the matter<a name="page136" id="page136"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 136]</span> +with the engine, but the boys have it +fixed now and we'll go on in a minute."</p> +<p> +"Yes," said the engineer, "you'll go on +when this godly mother gets on and not +before."</p> +<p> +Each one of you do your part, God will +do His part, and the end will be victory for +"God and home and native land."</p> + +<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /> +<a name="page137" id="page137"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 137]</span> +<a name="IV" id="IV"></a> +<h3>IV</h3> +<br /> +<h2>THE NEW WOMAN AND THE OLD MAN.</h2> +<br /><br /> + +<p> +In the exhibition of fine paintings it is +important to have the benefit of proper +light and shadow. So it should be in the +study of questions. Those who look at +the new woman through the distorted +lense of false education or prejudice, see +the monstrosity such as we have pictured +in the public press. They see Dr. Mary +Walker, whose dress offends our sense of +propriety; they see the ranting woman on +the platform, or suffragettes throwing +stones through plate-glass windows, and +defacing costly specimens of art. These +no more represent the genuine new woman +I indorse, than does the goggled-eyed, kimbo-armed +dandy represent true manhood. +Fanaticism marks every new movement, +every life has its defect, the sun its spots +and the fairest face its freckles.</p> +<p> +The new woman is not to be judged by +exceptions, nor is she to be measured by<a name="page138" id="page138"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 138]</span> +the standard of public sentiment. Public +sentiment has often condemned the right. +It ridiculed Columbus; put Roger Bacon +in jail because he discovered the principle +of concave and convex glass; condemned +Socrates, and jeered Fulton and Morse. +It pronounced the making of table forks a +mockery of the Creator who gave us fingers +to eat with, and broke up a church +in Illinois because a woman prayed in +prayer meeting.</p> +<p> +Hume said: "There is nothing in itself, +beautiful or deformed. These attributes +arise from the peculiar construction of +human sentiment and affection; the attractiveness +or repulsiveness of a thing depends +very much upon our schooling."</p> +<p> +Prof. John Stuart Blackie wore his hair +so long that it almost reached his waist. +Seated one day in front of a hotel in London, +a bootblack halted before him and +said: "Mister, will you have a shine?"</p> +<p> +Professor Blackie replied: "No, but if +you will go wash that dirty face of yours +I will give you the price of a shine."</p> +<p> +The boy went but soon returned with his +rosy cheeks cleansed, saying: "Sir, how +do you like the job?"</p> +<a name="page139" id="page139"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 139]</span> +<p> +"That's all right; you have earned your +sixpence," said Prof. Blackie as he held +out the coin.</p> +<p> +The bootblack turning away said: "I +dinna want your sixpence; keep it, old +chap, and have yer hair cut."</p> +<p> +The long hair of Professor Blackie was +as offensive to the boy as the dirty face +of the boy to Professor Blackie. One had +been schooled to short-haired men, the +other to cleanly children.</p> +<p> +I have in my presence now scores of +persons, who believe the sale of a negro +on the auction block in the South to the +domination of a white man was wrong. I +did not think so in my youth. My schooling +was that Japheth was a white man, +Shem a red man and Ham was black; that +it was a divine decree that the descendants +of Japheth should dwell in the tents +of Shem and send for the children of Ham +to be their servants, thereby supporting +the white man in his dealings with the +black and red races. As the Bible was +used to justify slavery, so it is quoted today +in favor of the liquor traffic, and +against the new woman movement. Yet +it's the Bible that has given woman her +broader liberty. It was the Bible that +broke the chains that harnessed woman to<a name="page140" id="page140"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 140]</span> +a plow by the side of an ox. In the vision +of John, a woman is crowned with +stars, the burnt-out moon is her footstool +and the wings of a great eagle given to +bear her above the floods that would engulf +her.</p> +<p> +The viewpoint of schooling has much to +do with our convictions and prejudices. +When the bicycle craze first came upon us, +women bicycle clubs were formed throughout +the country. Wheels were made specially +for woman, and to facilitate the +pleasure and comfort, bloomers were worn +by women in all our cities. The fat and +lean, tall and short, old and young wore +bloomers. At that time if a man from the +country neighborhood where I was reared, +one given to dancing, had gone to Chicago +and seen these bloomer-clad women, he +would have thought the whole sex disgraced. +And I must admit I didn't like +the bloomer girl myself. I can appreciate +the Yankee farmer who lived between Boston +and Wareham, Mass. A young woman +who lived in Boston had a friend in +Wareham, and donning her bloomers she +mounted her wheel and started for the village. +Passing several diverging points, +and thinking possibly she had missed the<a name="page141" id="page141"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 141]</span> +right road, she decided to inquire at the +next house. Seeing the Yankee farmer at +the front gate she rode up, dismounted +and said: "Sir, will you please tell me, is +this the way to Wareham?"</p> +<p> +The farmer, with eyes fixed upon the +new garb, said: "Miss, you'll have to excuse +me. I can't tell you, for I never saw +anything like them before."</p> +<p> +I said our opinions are based upon +schooling. Let the man from the dancing +community leave Chicago, go back to Kentucky, +attend a country ball, see a young +woman with low neck dress and short +sleeves, in the arms of a man she never +met before, and he thinks her the picture +of propriety, as well as grace and beauty. +Yet the bloomer girl was completely clad +from her chin to the soles of her feet while +the other is so un-clad that when a woman, +now noted for her great work among +the unfortunate of New York City, was a +society leader, and was passing through +her library to her carriage one evening, +her little son said: "Mama, you are not going +out on the street looking that way, are +you? Why, you are scarcely dressed at +all." The mother realizing as never before, +the immodesty of her attire, returned<a name="page142" id="page142"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 142]</span> +to her room, changed her apparel to what +met the approval of her boy, and has never +since worn a decollete gown.</p> +<p> +Let a respectable woman in this town +stand on a street corner to-morrow, and +utter an oath; she would shock every one +within sound of her voice. A man can +"cuss" to his satisfaction and, if not a +church member, the community is not +shocked. Let a young woman seeking a +position in a public school in one of our +cities, call a member of the school board +into a saloon and order beer set up for +two; would she get the position? Not +much. Not if the community found it out, +or the remainder of the board who were +slighted. A man can invite a dozen men +into a saloon, order drinks for the company, +and thereby help to win the position +he seeks. In the city where I reside +a young man can get drunk and howl like +a wolf through the streets, yet if he has +wealth and family influence, in ten days +he can attend a social gathering of the +best society. Let a young woman step +aside from the path of right and she is +hurled to the depths of the low-land of +vices.</p> +<a name="page143" id="page143"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 143]</span> +<p> +Some years ago a young man died in +our city whose family name was honored +and whose father was wealthy. The young +man went the pace that kills and in the +very morning of life died a victim to his +vices. A long line of carriages followed +him to our beautiful cemetery, his pall +bearers were from the leading families of +the city; flowers covered his grave and +the daily papers paid a tribute to the +young man cut down before the river of +life was half run.</p> +<p> +Soon after, a poor girl died in one of +the wicked dens of the city. She had been +left an orphan in early life without a +mother's love to guard and guide her, she +went astray. Two carriages followed her +to the stranger's burying ground. In one +were two of her kind; in the other the pastor +of the church of which I am a member. +He afterward said to me: "We had to get +two negro men at work near by to help +lower her body into the grave."</p> +<p> +No wonder woman cries out against +these standards, these peculiar constructions +of human sentiment. Public sentiment +demands of a man that he shall be +physically brave. If a woman appeals to +him for protection, his bosom must heave +with courage like the billows of the ocean,<a name="page144" id="page144"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 144]</span> +though he quake in his boots. Yet the +woman he defends will endure pain without +a murmur, which would make the man +groan for an hour. When my wife is ill +it takes about two days to find it out; she +does not seem so cheerful the first day, and +the second, she will admit she is not so +well. Let me get sick, and the whole family +will know it in half an hour.</p> +<p> +I know a woman will scream if a mouse +runs across the floor, but give her a loved +one to defend, let supreme danger come +and she's no coward. John Temple Graves +tells of a Georgia girl so timid she was +afraid to cross the hall at night to mother's +room. She married a worthy young +man and by industry and economy they +paid for a cottage home. He began to +cough, and the hectic flush told his lungs +were involved. The doctor advised a +change of climate.</p> +<p> +"We'll sell the home," said the little +wife, "and go where the doctor advises, +for the home will be nothing to me if you +are gone."</p> +<p> +They went to Florida and knowing they +must husband their small means, she took +in sewing. A few months later the doctor +advised a higher altitude. They went to<a name="page145" id="page145"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 145]</span> +a little city in the Ozark mountains. Here +again she plied her needle, wearing upon +her face by day a smile to cheer her husband, +while at night her pillow was wet +with tears as she heard him coughing his +life away. After several months she was +informed by physicians that but one +chance in a hundred remained, and that +was still further west.</p> +<p> +"I'll take the hundredth chance," she +said, and on west they went. Soon after, +in the far-away city he died; she pawned +her wedding ring to make up the price of +tickets back to Georgia. There the little +widow buried her dead by the side of his +mother, and after planting her favorite +flowers about the grave, she turned away +to face the duties of life, and though +a dead wall seemed lifted before her, she +met each day with a smile and hid her +sorrow beneath the soul's altar of hope.</p> +<p> +Man has won his title to courage upon +battlefield, and yet the battlefield is not +the place to test true courage.</p> + +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"The wife who girds her husband's sword,</p> + <p class="i2">'Mid little ones who weep or wonder,</p> +<p>And bravely speaks the cheering word,</p> + <p class="i2">E'en though her heart be rent asunder:</p></div> +<a name="page146" id="page146"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 146]</span> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>Doomed nightly in her dreams to hear</p> + <p class="i2">The bolts of death around him rattle,</p> +<p>Hath shed as sacred blood as ere</p> + <p class="i2">Was poured upon the field of battle."</p> +</div> +</div> +<p> +When elbows touch, ten thousand feet +keep step together, martial music fills the +air, the shout of battle is on, bayonets +glitter in the sunlight, the flag flutters in +the breeze, and the general commands, +men will shout and rush into battle who +without these stimulating influences would +be going the other way. I remember +when a boy how whistling kept up my +courage in the dark. It is told of General +Zeb Vance of the Confederate army, that +while leading his forces across a field into +an engagement he met a rabbit going the +other way. As the hare dodged around +the command, General Vance lifting his +hat said: "Go it, Mollie; go it, Mollie Cotton-tail; +if I didn't have a reputation to +sustain I would be right there with you."</p> +<p> +For Christine Bradley, the eighteen-year-old +daughter of the Governor of Kentucky, +to stand on the dock at Newport +News, against the customs of centuries +and facing the jeers of prejudice, baptize +the battleship Kentucky with water, +required as blood-born bravery as coursed<a name="page147" id="page147"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 147]</span> +the veins of the ensign who cut the wires +in Cardenas Bay, or the lieutenant who +sunk the Merrimac in the entrance to +Santiago Harbor. Because she dared to +violate a long-established custom by refusing +to use what had blighted the hopes +of many daughters, sent to drunkards' +graves so many sons, and buried crafts +and crews in watery graves, the Woman's +Christian Temperance Union presented +her with a handsome silver service. I +was chosen to make the presentation +speech, which I closed by saying: "Heaven +bless Christine Bradley, who by her +example said:</p> + +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>I christen thee Kentucky,</p> + <p class="i2">With water from the spring,</p> +<p>Which enriched the blood of Lincoln,</p> + <p class="i2">Whose praise the sailors sing.</p></div> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>I christen thee Kentucky,</p> + <p class="i2">With prayers of woman true,</p> +<p>That wine, the curse of sailors,</p> + <p class="i2">May never curse your crew.</p></div> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>I christen thee Kentucky,</p> + <p class="i2">And may this christening be,</p> +<p>A lesson of safety ever</p> + <p class="i2">To sailors on the sea."</p> +</div> +</div> +<a name="page148" id="page148"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 148]</span> +<p> +Now if public sentiment has made such +a mistake in the allotment of virtues, why +may it not have made a greater mistake +in the allotment of spheres? It has been +well said: "God made woman a free +moral agent, capable of the highest development +of brain, heart and conscience; +with these are interwoven interests that +involve issues for time and eternity, and +God expects of woman the best she can +do in whatever field she is best fitted for +the accomplishment of results for the +world's good." If a young woman is +fitted to preside over a home, and some +young man desires to crown her queen of +that realm, she can find no higher calling +in this world. There is nothing on this +earth more like heaven than a happy +home. I can give to a young woman no +better wish than that the future may find +her presiding over a home made beautiful +by her character and culture, and safe +through her influence.</p> +<p> +But if a young woman is qualified like +Frances E. Willard to better the world by +public life-work, or like Florence Nightingale +or Jane Addams to relieve the suffering +of thousands, then she should not +confine herself to the limited sphere of +one household. I believe in the call of capacity<a name="page149" id="page149"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 149]</span> +for usefulness in both sexes. There +are men who are called to be cooks; they +know the art of the caterer. There are +men fitted to be dressmakers; they know +the colors that blend and the styles which +give beauty to dress. There are women +who are fitted for science, literature and +medicine. Some of the best cooks we have +are men; some of the best writers and +speakers are women. Abraham Lincoln +never did more by his proclamation to free +the slave, than did Harriet Beecher Stowe +with "Uncle Tom's Cabin." William E. +Gladstone never did more to endear himself +to the people of Ireland by his advocacy +of the home-rule, than has Lady Henry +Somerset endeared herself to the common +people of the "United Kingdom," by +turning away from the wealth, nobility +and aristocracy of England to devote her +great heart, gifted brain and abundant +means to the elevation of the masses, the +reformation of the wayward, and the relief +of the poor.</p> +<p> +There is a fitness that must not be ignored. +Frances E. Willard would never +have made a dressmaker. It is said she +did not know when her own dress fit, or +whether becoming; she depended upon<a name="page150" id="page150"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 150]</span> +Anna Gordon to decide for her. But by +the music of her eloquence and the rhythm +of her rhetoric, she could send the truth +echoing through the hearts of her hearers +like the strain of a sweet melody. Worth, +of Paris, France, would not have made an +orator, but he could design a robe to +please a princess and make a dress to fit +"to the queen's taste." Then let Worths +make dresses, and Frances E. Willards +charm the world by their eloquence.</p> +<p> +Yonder is a boy. His soul is full of +music; his fingers are as much at home on +the key-board of a piano as a mocking-bird +in its own native orange grove. His +sister is a mathematician; she solves a +problem in mathematics as easily as her +brother plays a piece of music. Because +one is a boy and the other a girl, don't +make the girl teach music and the boy +mathematics. What God has joined together +in fitness, let not false education +put asunder.</p> +<p> +Recently I read of a man whose father +left him a large business. Though an exemplary +man he could not make ends meet +in a business out of which his father had +made a fortune. The man worried himself +into nervous prostration. While he<a name="page151" id="page151"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 151]</span> +remained at home for rest, his wife took +charge of the business and made of it a +great success. I say let that woman run +the business and the man take care of his +nerves.</p> +<p> +I know a minister who is a good man, +but his strength is in his limbs. He's an +athlete, but turn him loose in a field as +full of ideas as a clover field of blossoms, +and he can't preach a good sermon. Let +Dr. Anna Shaw enter the same field and +she will gather blossoms of thought faster +than you can store them away in your +mind. Some one in my presence may believe +the man should keep on preaching +and Anna Shaw go to the sewing-room +and run a sewing machine; but I say if +the man's strength is in his limbs, and +Doctor Shaw's in her head, let the preacher +run the sewing machine and Doctor +Shaw preach the gospel of righteousness, +temperance and judgment to come. If +God fitted Anna Shaw's brain and tongue +for the platform, it would be unwomanly +in her to make herself the pedal power of +a sewing machine. We want successful, +useful men and women; and in fields for +which God has fitted woman, don't be +afraid to give her the freest, broadest liberty,<a name="page152" id="page152"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 152]</span> +or be uneasy about her unsexing +herself. She has entered two hundred +fields in the last one hundred years. Yes, +I guess one more field must be added, for +I saw a woman a few years ago in an occupation +I had never seen one engaged in +before. In a city where I lectured a beautiful, +intelligent young lady was running +the elevator of a hotel, and I was completely +"taken up" by her.</p> +<p> +Of all the new fields entered by woman +you cannot point to one where she has degraded +her womanhood, or one that has +not been blessed by the touch of her influence.</p> +<p> +It is true there are fanatics among women +as there are among men, but if the +extreme woman goes too far, the average +woman will call a halt every time. Fifteen +years ago I could stand on Michigan +Avenue, Chicago, in the evening and within +a half hour count twenty young women, +dressed in bloomers, riding bicycles. +Now one may go to Chicago, spend a year +and not see one. Woman is safe enough.</p> +<p> +Some are uneasy lest woman will go beyond +her sphere, but I am not so much +disturbed about the future of woman as +I am of man. Upon virtue and intelligence<a name="page153" id="page153"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 153]</span> +depends the future of this republic. +Have men all the virtue? Go to the saloons; +are they frequented by women? +No; <i>men</i>. Go to the gambling halls; are +they crowded with women? No; <i>men</i>. Go +to the jails and penitentiaries; are they +full of women? No; <i>men</i>. Go to the +churches; are they crowded with men? +No; mostly by women. What about intelligence? +Have men all the intelligence? +Two girls graduate from high schools to +one boy. I am glad to be living now; one +hundred years hence, if I were to be born +again, I would want to be a girl. Woman +goes to the door of death to give life to +man and man should be willing to let her +seek out her own sphere for usefulness.</p> +<p> +Not long since I read a book called +"The New Woman." It was a novel by an +Englishman. In it the author takes a +beautiful young girl, about eighteen years +of age, through a "Gretna-Green" experience +with a young man of twenty. She is +the daughter of a widow; he, the only son +of a wealthy London merchant. They run +away and after a month's search are +found by the father of the young man in +southern France. The girl is sent home +to her mother; the young man sent to<a name="page154" id="page154"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 154]</span> +India in order to get him far away from +his wife. The novelist makes the young +man a noble character, who is determined +to prove himself worthy of his wife, and +he toils to send her means for support. +The young wife becomes a mother, and +the young husband toils the harder to +care for his wife and babe. When time +hangs heavy on the hands of the young +mother, she is invited to join a woman's +club. Here she imbibes the spirit of the +new woman. She soon neglects her child +and appears before the public for a lecture. +She wears a low neck dress, paints +her cheeks, blondines her hair, smokes +cigarettes and drinks wine. A millionaire +in India, who loses his own son, +adopts the hero of the novel, dies and +leaves him the great estate. Then the +young man hurries back to his wife. He +arrives in the evening, but finds she is +not at home; she is delivering a lecture +in the opera-house. He awaits her return; +a storm rages outside; at a late +hour she enters the door, throws off her +wraps and stands before her husband, +with blondined hair, painted cheeks, and +eyes red with wine. He stares, then +starts toward her, when she brings him<a name="page155" id="page155"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 155]</span> +to a halt by her strange manner. He +asks, "Is not this my wife?" she answers, +"No, I am the New Woman." She refuses +to let him see their child, drives him out +into the storm, then goes to her room, disrobes +and lies down to dream of great +audiences and applause.</p> +<p> +It is an insult to any intelligent reader. +Where is the woman, who was a sweet, +modest young mother, and who today is +a public speaker, who has neglected her +child, driven her husband without cause +into the street, blondines her hair, paints +her cheeks, drinks wine and smokes cigarettes? +She would be hissed from the +platform. The author simply shows his +extreme prejudice in an abstract attempt +to prove that to be a new woman means +the surrender of all womanly graces.</p> +<p> +Let me give you, not fiction but real +history, that I may present to you the +kind of new woman I indorse. She was +born in the State of New York, was well +educated, and at proper age married a +young physician. They moved to a western +city, where for a while the young physician +did well; but in an evil hour he +commenced to drink. Like many a noble +young man, he was too weak to resist the<a name="page156" id="page156"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 156]</span> +power of appetite, and soon his practice +left him. His wife, the mother of two +boys, secured a position in the public +schools and by her ability, won her way +to a principalship. The husband wandered +away, while the brave wife and mother +remained with her children, but followed +her husband with letters of loving +appeal. After long separation he was +taken seriously ill in the far Southwest. +She left children, home and school work +to go to his bedside. Her watchful care +brought him back from the very door of +death, and her prayers were answered in +seeing him forsake the cup and hide for +safety in the cleft of the Rock of Ages. +He returned with her to their home, but +soon after passed away. She buried him +beneath the green Missouri sod, planted +flowers about the grave, paid him tribute +of her tears, and returned to her work.</p> +<p> +In the course of these years she had +joined the Woman's Christian Temperance +Union and was recognized as one of +its greatest leaders.</p> +<p> +Several years ago I gave an address in +Hot Springs, Ark. A card was presented +at my door, which bore the name of the +heroine of my story. Going to the parlor<a name="page157" id="page157"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 157]</span> +I said: "What are you doing here?"</p> +<p> +"My boy has been very ill with rheumatism +and I have been here with him +for several weeks. He is better now and +I return to my work tomorrow."</p> +<p> +Months later she was called again to the +bedside of this son, and with all the tenderness +of mother-love, he was cared for +until he too passed over the river. Again +she took up her work on the platform, +where she inspired many young women +to do their best in life, and called many +to righteousness. She was the salt of the +earth, the embodiment of nobility, the +soul of truth; and not only her own state +but the whole country is better because +she lived.</p> +<p> +Ask the author of the novel for the <i>real</i> +to his story; he cannot name her; she does +not live in England or America. Ask me +for mine and I answer Clara C. Hoffman, +for years the associate of Frances E. Willard +as national officer of the Woman's +Christian Temperance Union, and state +president of the white ribboners of Missouri.</p> +<p> +In a magazine article an author said: +"Out of one hundred and forty-five graduates +of a certain female college, only fifteen<a name="page158" id="page158"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 158]</span> +have married." A Chicago editor +quoted the statement and asked: "Is it +possible education breeds in woman a distaste +for matrimony and home life?" In +the first place, I would answer: "You +never can know how many are going to +marry until they are all dead."</p> +<p> +Another explanation is that the average +school girl goes out of school at that impulsive +age when "love acts independent +of all law, and is subject to nothing but +its own sweet will," no matter how many +years father has toiled to give her the +comforts of life, nor how many sleepless +nights mother has spent to give her rest. +She meets a young man; he is handsome, +dresses well and talks fluently. She falls +in love, and sees in "love at first sight," +the "inspiration of all wisdom." In a +week, though she knows nothing of the +young man's character or disposition, she +is ready to say to her parents: "I appreciate +all you have done for me: I love you +devotedly, but I have met such a nice fellow; +he has asked me to marry him, and +I have accepted; ta-ta!" She's gone. If +her parents ask about the prospect for a +living, she answers as did the young girl +whose father said: "Mary, are you determined<a name="page159" id="page159"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 159]</span> +to marry that young man?"</p> +<p> +"I am, Father."</p> +<p> +"Why, my child, he has no trade, no +money, and very little education; what are +you going to do for a living?"</p> +<p> +She replied: "Aunt is going to give me +a hen for a wedding present. You know, +Father, it is said one hen will raise twenty +chickens in a season. The second season, +twenty each, you see, will be four +hundred; the third season, eight thousand; +the fourth season, one hundred and +sixty thousand; and the fifth season, only +five years, twenty each will be three million, +two hundred thousand chickens. At +twenty-five cents each they will bring +eight hundred thousand dollars. We will +then let you have money enough to pay +off the mortgage on the farm and we will +move to the city."</p> +<p> +To a girl in love, every hen egg will +hatch; not a chicken will ever die with +the gapes; they will all live on love, like +herself, and everything will be profit.</p> +<p> +The college girl cannot marry at this +impulsive, air-castle age. She must wait +until she gets through college. By that +time she is old enough for her heart to +consult her head, and her head inquires<a name="page160" id="page160"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 160]</span> +into the character and capacity of the +young man. Beside this, it has been the +custom for women to look up to man, and +when the college woman looks up, quite +often she doesn't see anybody. Young +man, if you want the college girl you must +"get up" in good qualities to where she +will see you without looking down.</p> +<p> +I believe this higher education for women +will tend to arrest the recklessness by +which life is linked with life at the marriage +altar. There is a legend among +the Jews that man and woman were once +one being; an angel was sent down from +Heaven to cleave them into two. Ever +since, each half has been running around +looking for the other, and the misfits have +been many at the marriage altar.</p> +<p> +These misfits remind me of an experience +when I lectured for the Colfax, Iowa, +Chautauqua, some years ago. Frank +Beard, the famous chalk talker, was there +and on Grand Army day he was on the +program for a short talk. I was seated +by Mr. Beard while the speaker who preceded +him was telling war stories of his +regiment and himself. Frank Beard said +to me: "Well! I guess I can exaggerate a +little myself." It was evident he intended<a name="page161" id="page161"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 161]</span> +to measure up to the occasion. After getting +his audience into proper spirit for +the manufactured war story, he said:</p> +<p> +"I was in the war myself and had a few +experiences. At the battle of Shiloh, I +was lying behind a log, when I saw about +forty Confederates come dashing down +toward me. My first impulse was to rise, +make a charge and capture the whole +forty. But I knew that would not be +strategy; generals did not manage a battle +that way with such odds against them, +so I determined to make a detour. Perhaps +some of you young people do not +know what a detour means. It means, +when in such a position as I was, to get +up and go the other way. So I detoured. +The chaplain of our regiment detoured +also; he could detour a little faster than +I, and was directly in front of me when +a shell caught up with me and took my +leg off just above the knee. You may notice +I walk very lame." (Which he did +just then for effect). "Well, the same shell +took off the chaplain's leg, and we tumbled +into a heap. The surgeon came up, and +having a little too much booze, he got +things mixed; he put the chaplain's leg on +me and my leg on the chaplain. We were<a name="page162" id="page162"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 162]</span> +in good health, and the legs grew on all +right. When I recovered, I concluded to +celebrate my restoration to usefulness, so +I went into a saloon and said to the bartender, +'Give me some good old brandy.' +He set out the bottle, and I began to fill +the glass, when that chaplain's leg began +to kick. The chaplain was a very ardent +temperance man, and the first thing I +knew, that temperance leg was making +for the door, and I followed. But what +do you think? As I went out, I met my +leg bringing the chaplain in."</p> +<p> +That's a very absurd story, a rather ridiculous +one, but if the surgeon had made +the mistake Mr. Beard charged, he would +not have made any greater than is made +every day at the marriage altar. Young +women, I would not silence the love songs +in your hopeful hearts, but I would have +every betrothed girl demand of her lover +not only a loving heart, but a well rounded +character and a reasonable store of +useful knowledge.</p> +<p> +A writer on this question said: "This +progress of woman lessens mother love in +our country." Is that true? Before the +opening of a southern exposition, a mother +of four boys applied for and was engaged<a name="page163" id="page163"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 163]</span> +as chime bell ringer. Perhaps +some saw in the selection a woman as +brazen as the bells she would ring. On +opening day she played, "He who watches +over Israel neither slumbers nor sleeps"; +on New York day she played, "Yankee +Doodle" and "Hail Columbia;" on Pennsylvania +day, "The Star Spangled Banner;" +on Kentucky day, "My Old Kentucky +Home;" on Maryland day, "Maryland, +my Maryland;" on Georgia day, +"The Girl I Left Behind Me;" on colored +people's day, the airs of the old plantation; +on newsboy's day, "The Bowery" +and "Sunshine of Paradise Alley;" then +"Nearer, my God, to Thee," "Rock of +Ages, Cleft For Me," soothed the tired +Christian heart. One afternoon she took +two of her boys into the belfry-tower; one +seven, the other about three years of age. +When they tired of the confinement, the +older boy said: "Mother, can we go out +for a walk?"</p> +<p> +"Yes, son, but don't let go little brother's +hand."</p> +<p> +She was so absorbed by the music of +her bells she did not notice the passing of +time until the night shadows began to +gather. Then her older boy came running<a name="page164" id="page164"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 164]</span> +up in the tower crying, "Mother, I've +lost little brother!"</p> +<p> +She quit her bells and running through +the grounds set every policeman looking +for her boy; then she hurried back to her +bells and began to play "Home, Sweet +Home." It is said the bells never rang +so clear and sweet. Over and over again +she played, "Home, Sweet Home;" some +wondered why the tune did not change. +At last, while trembling with dread and +eyes filled with tears, she heard a sweet +voice say, "Mama, I hear de bells and I +tome to you." The mother, turning from +the bells, clasped the child to her bosom +and thanked God for its safety.</p> +<p> +It is said everything is undergoing a +constant change, but until the chime bells +ring in the eternal morning mother love +will live on, the same unchanging devotion. +Several years ago I stood on Portland +Heights, Oregon, in the evening, and +saw Mount Hood in its snow-capped majesty, +when the stars seemed to be set as +jewels in its crown. If you ask me by +what force that giant was lifted from +the level of the sea till its dome touched +the sky, I cannot answer you, but I know +it stands there, a towering sentinel to<a name="page165" id="page165"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 165]</span> +traveler on land and sailor on the sea. So +mother love, which no one can solve, exists +as unchanging as the love of God; +broad enough and strong enough to meet +all the changing conditions of time.</p> +<p> +While I did not make this lecture to +include the suffrage question, I cannot +turn away from the new woman without +a word about the ballot for women. It +is no longer a question of right, but whether +or not men will grant the right. This I +believe men will do when the sentiment +of women is strong enough to force the +issue. "Taxation without representation" +is no less a tyranny to women than to +men. I was the guest of a wealthy widow, +who paid more taxes than any man +in the county, yet a foreigner, who had +been in this country less than three years, +who had not a dollar of property nor a +patriotic impulse, laid down the hoe in +the garden, and going to the polls, voted +additional tax upon the woman he worked +for; and the saloon influence upon her two +boys, while she had no voice in what taxes +her property, or what might tax her heart +by the ruin of a son. There being no +question about woman's right to the ballot, +there should be no hesitation on man's<a name="page166" id="page166"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 166]</span> +part in bestowing the right.</p> +<p> +I now turn from the new woman to the +old man. I do not mean the man old in +years; for him I have only words of honor +and praise. I mean the man set in old +ways and habits that neutralizes the progress +and wastes the forces of the republic. +At the door of this old man lie the causes +of commercial disturbances, depression in +trade and recurring panics more than in +the causes stressed by partisans for political +effect.</p> +<p> +We should never have hard times in +this country. We live in the best land +beneath the sky. It has been well said: +"This is God's last best effort for man." +We have soil rich enough to grass and +grain the world. Our vast domain is inlaid +with gold, silver, iron and lead of boundless +worth. Deep in the bosom of Columbia +are fountains of gas and oil, sufficient +to light and heat our homes for a century +to come. Within these healthful lines of +latitude is room enough not only to house +all the peoples of the earth, but to sty all +the pigs, stable all the horses, and corral +all the cattle of the world.</p> +<p> +To have all these gifts crowned with +sunshine and shower, free from pestilence<a name="page167" id="page167"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 167]</span> +and famine, we are the most prosperous +and should be the best contented people on +the earth. In such a land there should +be perpetual peace and plentiful prosperity. +Yet we have hard times after hard +times, and panic after panic. Why is +this? If I could tell you why, it would +repay for the time and money spent to +hear this lecture. During the great panic +in the nineties Mr. W.C. Whitney of New +York, wrote a letter to a leading New +York daily in which he said: "There are +just two causes for this panic; too much +silver and too much tariff." I do not +disparage these two problems, but I do +say Mr. Whitney had a very narrow view +of a panic. Like many another man, he +had a thorough knowledge of certain +things and was totally ignorant of others.</p> +<p> +A Chief Justice of the United States +was riding in a carriage with his family +when a shaft broke. It was not broken +short off, but shivered by contact with a +post. The Chief Justice had no strings +and was in a dilemma. A negro boy +passed by, dressed in rags, whistling a +merry tune. The great jurist hailed the +boy, saying, "Boy, have you a string?" +<a name="page168" id="page168"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 168]</span> +"No, boss, what's de matter?"</p> +<p> +"I have broken the shaft of my carriage," +said the Justice.</p> +<p> +"Yas, sir, I guess you is, boss. Is you +got a knife? If you is, I think I can fix +it for you."</p> +<p> +Taking the knife, he jumped the fence +and cut withes from a sapling, with which +he lashed a lath to the shaft.</p> +<p> +"I guess da'll git you home, boss."</p> +<p> +"That's a good job," said the Judge; +"why didn't I think of that?"</p> +<p> +The boy replied: "I don't know, sir, +'cept some folks know more than others."</p> +<p> +That boy did know more than the Chief +Justice of the United States about mending +a broken shaft. I think I know a +thing or two about panics which Mr. +Whitney did not seem to have learned. +Let me give you two causes for panics. +They are not all but they rank with Mr. +Whitney's.</p> +<p> +First, the extravagance of the people. +When times are good and money plentiful, +people are extravagant. They buy +everything and pay enormous prices. A +horse, Axtell, brings his owner one hundred +and five thousand dollars; a two-year-old +colt, Arion, one hundred and +twenty-five thousand. A town site is located<a name="page169" id="page169"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 169]</span> +in a barren waste and lots sell at +ten to one hundred dollars a front foot. +All kinds of wildcat schemes are promoted, +and the people bite at the bait. An +era of extravagance is on and "sight unseen" +investments are made. Several +years ago my brother said to me: "Are +you going West soon, as far as Kansas +City?" When I replied that I was he +said: "I have never been in that city but +I have two lots there I wish you would +look at and ascertain their value." He +advised me to call on a certain real estate +agent, who would show me the lots. When +I called on the agent a little while later, +he informed me the lots could not be seen +until a dry spell took off the water. Two +lots my brother never saw and never sold; +decidedly "watered stock."</p> +<p> +A man with a thousand dollars buys a +five thousand dollar lot. He knows he +can't pay for it, but there's a boom and +he expects to sell for six thousand before +the second payment is due. He doesn't +sell. When he can't sell he goes to the +bank to borrow money to make the payment; +he finds there many more in the +same condition as himself. The banks +see the trouble coming and will not loan.<a name="page170" id="page170"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 170]</span> +When the banks refuse to loan the depositors +get scared and take their money out +of the bank. During that great panic in +the nineties three hundred millions of +dollars were taken out of circulation within +four months by depositors who were +scared. Then the country gets flat on its +back with a panic. A friend said to me, +during the great depression: "Don't you +think it will be over soon?" I replied: +"Let a man have typhoid fever until reduced +to a skeleton; let the doctor call +some morning toward the close of the long +siege and say, 'The fever is broken, get up +and go to work.' Can the man obey the +doctor? No; he must have chicken-broth +and gruel, and slowly regain his strength." +So when a panic comes we must creep +out, and we were so deep in the nineties it +took a long time to recover.</p> +<p> +When a panic comes however, the extravagance +ceases; everybody gets stingy. +A man with five thousand dollars doesn't +buy a five thousand dollar lot. He doesn't +buy anything; his wife must wear the old +bonnet, and his church assessment is reduced. +Then the tide turns and the country +recovers from its extravagance. But +when times get good, crops are fine and<a name="page171" id="page171"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 171]</span> +money plentiful, the people begin again; +women spending their money for dry +goods, men for wet goods; another era +of extravagance is on and another panic +coming.</p> +<p> +Mr. Whitney said: "Too much silver +and too much tariff." All the gold and +all the silver money in this country would +not pay the old man's drink and tobacco +bill for five years. We drink, smoke and +chew up all the money in this country, +gold, silver, and paper, every seven years. +Last year we spent about six millions for +missions; one hundred and fifty millions +for churches; two hundred and seventy-five +millions for schools; and eighteen +hundred millions for intoxicating liquors +and tobacco. Awake, O Conscience! and +pour out thy saving influence for the healing +of the nation.</p> +<p> +We live in a marvelous country. What +this republic has accomplished in one hundred +and thirty-eight years, is the wonder +of the world. At the close of the Revolutionary +War those who survived were +poor, wounded, bleeding people, occupying +only the eastern rim of a wilderness +waste, while wild beast and wilder Indians +roamed the mighty expanse to the<a name="page172" id="page172"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 172]</span> +western ocean. From the penniless poverty +of then, has come the wonderful +wealth of now. Where the tangled wilderness +choked the earth, now fields of +golden grain dot the plains, carpets of +clover cover the hillsides, cities hum with +the music of commerce, while rivers and +railroads carry rich harvests to the harbors +of every land. Emerson wrote better +than he knew when he wrote:</p> + +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"So I uncover the land, which of old time I hid in the west,</p> +<p>As the sculptor uncovers his statue, when he has wrought his best."</p> +</div> +</div> +<p> +Yet grand as this country has grown +to be, "the eagle of liberty can never reach +the pinion heights its wings were made +to measure," while the shell of wasted resources +to which I have referred bows low +its head. Money won't save us. Babylon +had her gold standard; her images +were made of gold. Media, Persia, had +her free silver standard; her images were +made of silver. Rome had her gold, her +silver, brass and iron; yet they were all +dashed to pieces on the world's highway. +"In the hollow of the hand of God is the +destiny of this republic," and we cannot +buy Him with money. The wealth that<a name="page173" id="page173"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 173]</span> +satisfies the ruler of nations is character.</p> +<p> +Some one said a few years ago, and it +went the rounds of the press: "The question +during the Civil War was, shall we +have two governments or one; now the +question is, shall we have any?" I quote +to you with as much confidence as any +mortal ever proclaimed a truth: "This +republic will never fail or fall until God +deserts it, and God will not desert it until +we desert Him."</p> + +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> + <p>"Come the world in arms,</p> + <p>We'll defeat, and then pursue;</p> + <p>Nothing can our flag destroy,</p> + <p>While to God and self we're true."</p> +</div> +</div> +<p> +I am not one of those who believe our +war with Spain was an accident. For +Dewey to cross that dead line at midnight; +when morning dawned to find +mines of death behind him, an enemy's +fleet of eleven ships before him, these supported +by shores belted with batteries; +and yet within six hours sink or disable +every ship in the fleet, silence the forts, +lift the star spangled banner in triumph +to wave, and not have a warship sunk, nor +a sailor killed, means more than the mere +skill of a Commodore. Some one may say<a name="page174" id="page174"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 174]</span> +we had a better navy. Spain didn't think +so. Before the war the Spanish papers +said: "The United States is bluffing. She +can't go to war with us. She has only +twenty-five thousand soldiers, and they +are kept out west to control cowboys and +Indians. Then the South is waiting for +an opportunity to break out in rebellion." +Columbus discovered America in 1492; +Spain didn't discover the United States +until 1898.</p> +<p> +Do you ask what we are to do with the +Philippine Islands? I cannot tell you +what is best, but I do know we didn't +want them. The day Dewey sailed from +Hong Kong to Manila Bay, if Spain had +said to the United States: "Here are the +Philippine Islands, we would like to make +you a present of them," the United States +would have replied, "We thank you, but +decline the offer." Not one man in ten +in this country would have voted to take +them. But the next day we had them, +had fought to get them; and I believe the +same superhuman power that took from +Spain, the Netherlands, Flanders, Malacca, +Ceylon, Java, Portugal, Holland, San +Domingo, Louisiana, Florida, Trinidad, +Mexico, Venezuela, Columbia, Ecuador,<a name="page175" id="page175"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 175]</span> +Peru, Bolivia, Chili, Argentina, Uruguay, +Paraguay, Patagonia, Guatemala, Honduras, +San Salvador, Nicaragua, Porto Rico, +Cuba, and "then some," took away from +Spain the Philippine Islands and gave +them to us, that the home, the church and +the school might be established in the Islands.</p> +<p> +Perhaps some of you think I am getting +off my subject. I am not; I am talking +now about the <i>old man</i>, Uncle Sam, +and his mission in the world.</p> +<p> +It is the opinion of many that we are +under no obligation to the islands of the +sea, but these conservative souls should +not forget that we are not only citizens of +the United States, but of the globe on +which we dwell and of the universe of +God. The world in which we live, lives +because of the light and heat it receives +from other worlds. If the rolling sun in +the heavens is under obligation to furnish +light for our pathway, heat for our soil +and warmth for our blood, are we not under +obligation to carry the light of civilization +to the people whose shores and +ours are washed by the same waters? If +the full orbed moon is under obligation +to pour its silver into our nights, and lift<a name="page176" id="page176"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 176]</span> +the tides until our rivers are full, are not +we under obligation to lift the tide of hope +in the heart of oppressed humanity, and +pour the light of intelligence into the +night of ignorance? Did God give us this +grand country, with its boundless resources, +for us to draw our ocean skirts +about our greatness and pass by our +bruised and bleeding neighbor, lying half +dead on life's Jericho road? If so, then +call back our proud eagle of liberty from +its pinion flight through the skies of national +achievement, and make our national +emblem the barnyard fowl that crows in +the day dawn as if creating light instead +of noise, and then runs for his roost when +the shadows fall.</p> +<p> +The Bible says we are fellow workers +with God. What does this fellowship +imply? It means there are some things +we can't do, which God must do for us, +and some things we can do He won't do +for us. He puts the coal in the earth; +we must dig and blast it out. He puts +oil beneath the soil; we must bore into +its wells and pump it out. He gives us +the earth and "the fullness thereof;" we +must do the sowing and reaping. He +puts electricity in the air; we must bridle,<a name="page177" id="page177"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 177]</span> +saddle and harness it. He empties the +clouds into the basins of the earth and +gives us oceans, gulfs and lakes; but we +must build boats to ride them. He puts +humanity on the earth and bids us love +our neighbor as ourselves.</p> +<p> +Who is my neighbor? Some seem to +think only those who live in our immediate +community. I read of a minister of a +city church who called upon one of his +country members for a contribution for +foreign missionary work. The country +brother said: "I don't believe in foreign +missions, and I must say, 'No'."</p> +<p> +"Brother," the pastor said, "the Bible +says you should love your neighbor as +yourself."</p> +<p> +"I do love my neighbors."</p> +<p> +"Who are your neighbors?"</p> +<p> +"Those whose farms adjoin mine, and +perhaps, those whose farms adjoin theirs."</p> +<p> +"How far do you own eastward?"</p> +<p> +"To the third fence yonder."</p> +<p> +"How far do you own toward the west?"</p> +<p> +"About a half mile?"</p> +<p> +"How deep do you own into the earth?"</p> +<p> +"Well, I never thought of that, but +about half-way, I guess."</p> +<a name="page178" id="page178"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 178]</span> +<p> +"Well, my brother, I am asking you to +help your neighbor China, who joins your +line below."</p> + + <hr class="short" /> +<p> +I have a friend with plenty of this +world's goods, and not a child. When +approached by the ladies of the Foreign +Mission Society he said: "I do not give +to foreign missions; when you want anything +for home missions I'll help you." +Perhaps he would; but many of that class +are represented by a colored man of whom +I heard a Methodist bishop tell. He said +to a friend: "Dat wife of mine is got money +on de brain; it's money, money all the +time. I can't go whar she is, but she's +axing me for money. She's jest sho'ly +gwine to run me to the lunatic 'sylum ef +she don't quit her beggin' me for money."</p> +<p> +The friend asked: "What does she do +with so much money?"</p> +<p> +The colored brother hesitated a minute, +and said: "She don't do nuffin wid it, caze +I ain't never <i>give</i> her none yet."</p> + + <hr class="short" /> +<p> +My friend who opposes foreign missions +said: "So much you give never gets +there." Yes; and so many seed the farmer +puts into the ground never grow, and +so the farmer says,</p> +<a name="page179" id="page179"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 179]</span> +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"Put five grains in every hill:</p> +<p>One for the cut-worm, one for the crow,</p> +<p>One to blight, and two to grow."</p> +</div> +</div> +<p> +And you cannot tell which will grow. +A weed grew by the wayside in the old +world. All it did was to furnish seed for +the wind, and worry for the farmer. But +one blustering day, the wind carried a +seed from the wayside weed into a florist's +garden; it sprouted, rooted and +bloomed. The gardener was impressed +by the beautiful coloring of the blossom, +so he nurtured, transplanted and cultivated +it into a beautiful flower. It was from +this bush, once a weed, Queen Victoria +selected the flower she carried when she +entered the Crystal Palace to meet the +world's representatives.</p> +<p> +When Delia Laughlin went astray, her +father drove her from his door. She was +of that temperament that must either go +to the heights or to the depths, and to the +depths she went. Down the rapids of a +sinful life her steps were swift. Along +the Bowery she made her way to Five +Points, where thieves and drunkards +dwelt. It was said she could drink deeper, +curse louder, and fight fiercer than +any inmate of the most wicked spot in<a name="page180" id="page180"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 180]</span> +New York City. Mrs. Whittemore went +one day on her mission of mercy through +the slums. She sought some one to accompany +her who knew the deepest haunts +of the wicked. Delia Laughlin was recommended +to her. Mrs. Whittemore, +with her Bible in one hand and a fragrant +rose in the other, made her rounds. She +was deeply impressed with the intellect +and culture, as well as the beauty of the +wayward girl who had been her guide +through the slums. "Dear girl," she said; +"you are too bright and beautiful to be +down here. I wish you would come to +see me at the Door of Hope Mission," and +slipping a coin and the white rose into +the soiled fingers she said, "Good-bye."</p> +<p> +The girl loved flowers, so she took the +white rose to her room and put it in water. +Then with the coin she went to drown +her misery in drink. Forty-eight hours +later she had slept off the debauch, and +taking the flower from the vase she said: +"Ah! that represents my life. Once I was +as pure as the rose when the good woman +gave it to me. Those withered petals represent +the withered graces of my life." +From out that little flower an arrow went +to the heart of Delia Laughlin. She took<a name="page181" id="page181"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 181]</span> +the street car and went to the Door of +Hope Mission. Mrs. Whittemore met her +and they talked together. While the girl +wept Mrs. Whittemore prayed; she said: +"O God, this poor girl has no other friend +than you. Her father's home is closed +against her. You have promised, when father +and mother forsake, you will take the +deserted one. Won't you take her now?" +And God did take her; from that hour +she was safe in the cleft of the Rock of +Ages. When she addressed twelve hundred +inmates of Auburn prison, a reporter +said: "Never did John Wesley, John +Knox, or Martin Luther do greater work +for the Master." When laid in her +casket in the Door of Hope Mission a few +years later, a New York paper said: +"Never did a fairer face or more eloquent +tongue do work in slum life than Delia +Laughlin."</p> + +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"The stone o'er which you trample,</p> + <p class="i2">May be a diamond in the rough.</p> +<p>It may never never sparkle,</p> + <p class="i2">Though made of diamond stuff.</p></div> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"Because someone must find it,</p> + <p class="i2">If it's ever found;</p> +<p>And then someone must grind it,</p><a name="page182" id="page182"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 182]</span> + <p class="i2">If it's ever ground.</p></div> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"But when it's found, and when it's ground,</p> + <p class="i2">And when it's burnished bright;</p> +<p>Then henceforth a diamond crowned</p> + <p class="i2">'Twill shine with lustrous light."</p> +</div> +</div> +<p> +You can't tell what seed will grow.</p> +<p> +After the Civil War I lived for two +years in Richmond, Kentucky. During +that time the Klu Klux movement broke +out in fury. Men were hanged, others +whipped and driven from the county. +On my way to market one morning I saw +a man hanging from a limb of a tree in +the court-house yard. On his sleeve was +pinned a piece of paper, on which was +written, "Let no one touch this body until +the sun goes down." All day that body +hung there and not an officer of the law +dared to cut the rope. Such was the +reign of terror no one offered a protest. +One Saturday night a young man named +Byron was hanged in the same court-house +yard. He was the only son of a widowed +mother, and he begged the mob to let him +live for his mother's sake. Sunday morning +several empty bottles lay about the<a name="page183" id="page183"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 183]</span> +tree, indicating that the men were drinking +who did the deed. The evening after +the hanging I gave an address in the +Methodist Church for the Good Templars. +I had no thought of referring to the hanging +of young Byron, but in showing up +the evils of drink, those empty bottles +came to my mind, and I could imagine the +old mother then weeping over her dead +boy. Without considering the consequences +I denounced the Klu Klux and the +cowardice that permitted such lawlessness. +After the lecture a young man of +influence advised me to leave at once and +not dare spend the night in the town. I +felt sure the Klan could not be called together +that night, so I ventured to spend +the night at home. About eleven o'clock +that night the front gate was opened, and +tramp, tramp, tramp, came the sound of +feet toward the cottage, which was about +forty feet from the street. It seemed as +if all was over with me, when the "pluck" +of a string introduced a serenade from the +string band of the little city. Since the +daughters of Judah hung their harps upon +the willows, no sweeter music has ever +fallen upon mortal ears than I heard that +night from the string band of Richmond,<a name="page184" id="page184"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 184]</span> +Kentucky.</p> +<p> +I do not know how much my speaking +out against Klu Klux had to do with arresting +the outlawry that made the roads +rattle with the clatter of the hoofs of +horses at midnight raids, but I do know +young Byron was the last man hanged by +the Klu Klux in Madison county, and may +I not hope the unpremeditated protest +made in that Sunday evening address, +helped in some measure to bring about the +transformation, and contribute a mite to +the public sentiment that has made Richmond +a saloonless place in which to live.</p> +<p> +You cannot tell what seed will grow. +Already out of the new woman movement +has come a host led by such women +as Frances E. Willard, Mary A. +Livermore, Clara Hoffman, Dr. Anna +Shaw, Jane Addams, Maude Ballington +Booth, Susan B. Anthony, and in our own +state, Frances E. Beauchamp. These and +many more have been springing the bolts +that have barred woman from spheres of +great usefulness.</p> +<p> +Allow me to say, I have no patience +with the mannish woman (and about as +little use for a feminine man); but if this +old world is ever to be redeemed it is because<a name="page185" id="page185"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 185]</span> +He who sitteth on the throne has +said: "Behold I make all things new."</p> +<p> +Oh! for a new man, who will stop the +waste of wealth and destruction of morals +to which I have referred. Oh! for the +day when "each sex will be the equal of +the other in the average, each above the +other in specialties; when each can see +in the other a source of inspiration," and +both worthy to have been created in the +beginning a "little lower than the angels" +and in the end to be crowned with glory +and honor.</p> + +<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /> +<a name="page187" id="page187"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 187]</span> +<a name="V" id="V"></a> +<h3>V</h3> +<br /> +<h2>THE SAFE SIDE OF LIFE FOR YOUNG MEN. A PLEA FOR TOTAL ABSTINENCE AND A BETTER LIFE.</h2> +<br /><br /> + +<p> +I do not assert that everyone who drinks +intoxicating liquor as a beverage will become +a drunkard, but I do come before +this audience to hold up total-abstinence +as safer and better for practice. Drunkards +are made of moderate drinkers; +drunkards are never made of total abstainers. +One <i>may</i> drink and never get +drunk; one cannot get drunk who never +drinks. Take away every drunkard from +the earth today and moderate drinking +will soon create another supply; but sweep +all drunkenness from the world, let total-abstinence +be the absolute rule and the +last drunkard will have debased his body, +ruined his character, and doomed his soul.</p> +<p> +Since running the risk of being a moderate +drinker is so great, I commend to the +young people before me the caution of the +Scotch minister, who, when called upon to<a name="page188" id="page188"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 188]</span> +marry a couple, said: "My young friends, +marriage is a blessing to a great many +persons; it's a curse to some; it's a risk +for everybody; will you take the venture?" +I presume they did. I do not believe the +use of intoxicating liquor as a beverage +is a benefit to anyone, yet for argument's +sake I will permit one who drinks to say: +"Moderate drinking is a benefit to a few +persons; it's a curse to a great many; it's +a risk for everybody; let's take a drink!" +Against this I affirm that total abstinence +is a blessing to millions; it's a curse to +nobody; it's safe and right for everybody; +then let's take the pledge and God helping +us, let's keep it.</p> +<p> +A very comforting reply to the infidel +who claims there will be no hereafter is +the inscription on the tomb of a faithful +Christian:</p> + +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"If there's another world, he's in bliss;</p> +<p>If not, he's made the best of this."</p> +</div> +</div> +<p> +If there is no hereafter, to say the least +the Christian is even with the infidel, +while if there is a hereafter it's bad for +the infidel. If a moderate drinker has +sufficient self-control to escape being a +drunkard, the total abstainer is equally +safe; but if the moderate drinker loses his<a name="page189" id="page189"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 189]</span> +self-control and becomes a drunkard his +doom is sealed. The safe definition of +temperance is: "Moderation in regard to +things useful and right, total-abstinence +in regard to things hurtful and wrong." +Is alcoholic liquor as a beverage hurtful +and wrong? It's the source of more misery, +cruelty and crime than any other evil +of the world!</p> +<p> +Some years ago after a lecture along +this line, a doubting Thomas said to me: +"What answer have you for the scholar +who claims your very word 'temperance' +is the offspring of a word that signifies +moderation?" I said: "The same I would +give to a Darwinian if he were to tell me +I am a descendant of the ape; and that is, +I rejoice to know I'm an improvement on +my ancestor. To one who charges me +with being a distant relative of the chimpanzee, +I give the reply of Henry Ward +Beecher: 'I don't care how <i>far distant</i>.'" +I acknowledge my ignorance of the derivation +of the word temperance, but I do +know drunkenness comes from drinking +intoxicating liquor, therefore I favor total-abstinence +and recommend it as the +safe side of life for young men.</p> +<a name="page190" id="page190"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 190]</span> +<p> +While, by quoting isolated passages of +the Bible, advocates of moderation have +succeeded in filling the air with dust of +doubt about the teaching of the Scriptures +on the wine question, there is one thing +about which there is no question, and that +is the consent of the Bible to total-abstinence +for anyone who desires and "dares +to be a Daniel." I would rather search +my Bible for permission to give up that +over which my brother may stumble into +ruin, than to see how far I can go in the +use of it without committing sin. Marriage +feasts in Cana of Galilee two thousand +years ago do not concern me so much +as the social feasts of the present age +where "wine is a mocker, strong drink is +raging," and many are "deceived thereby."</p> +<p> +A noted Bible scholar says: "The Bible +is not simply a schedule of sins and duties +catalogued and labeled, but a revelation +of immutable principles, in the application +of which God tests the sincerity of our +profession." To drink intoxicating liquor +in this enlightened age, with all the woes +of intemperance about us and responsibilities +of life upon us, is a violation of +every immutable principle laid down in +the Bible. First, it's against the law of<a name="page191" id="page191"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 191]</span> +prudence, which says of two possible +paths one should take the safer. Which +is the safer, moderation or total-abstinence? +Next, it's against the law of humility, +which teaches where mightier +than we have fallen, we must distrust ourselves. +Have mightier than we fallen +through strong drink? Next, it's against +the law of human brotherhood, which +makes it imperative upon the strong to +bear the infirmities of the weak. Is the +drinker weak? Next, it's against the law +of expediency; "it is good neither to eat +flesh nor drink wine nor anything whereby +thy brother stumbleth." Do our brothers +stumble over strong drink? Last, it's +against the law of self-denial; "if meat +make my brother to offend, I will eat no +flesh while the world standeth, lest I make +my brother to offend." Does strong drink +make our brother to offend? On these +immutable principles the cause of sobriety +is built, and the gates of the devil of +drink shall not prevail against it.</p> +<p> +Young man, let me give you a bit of +advice and assurance. Never take a drink +of intoxicating liquor as a beverage, and +when you are as old as I am you will not +regret it. You cannot find me in all the<a name="page192" id="page192"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 192]</span> +world, one man between forty and eighty +years of age, an abstainer all his life, who +would change that record if he could. +Boys, that's a very safe rule that has not +a single exception. But how many are +there who regret they ever put the bottle +to their lips? "If I had only let strong +drink alone" is the bitter wail of millions +of men and women. From pauper poverty +and prison cells, electric chairs and +dying drunkard's lips comes the cry: +"Drink has been my curse!"</p> +<p> +Does some young man in this audience +say, "I can quit if I please?" Then I beg +you to <i>please</i>, ere you reach the time when +you will strive to quit, but in vain. I know +you don't intend to go beyond your power +of control; neither did the drunkards who +have gone before you. Do you suppose +Edgar Allen Poe dreamt when he took +his first drink in the social gathering of +an old Virginia gentleman's home that it +would bring from his brilliant brain the +weird strain:</p> +<p> +"Take thy beak from out my heart, and +take thy form from off my door!"</p> +<p> +Quoth the Raven, "Nevermore."</p> +<p> +Do you suppose Thomas F. Marshall, +our gifted Kentucky orator, dreamt when<a name="page193" id="page193"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 193]</span> +he stood at the foot of the ladder of fame +and all Kentucky pointed him to the golden +glory of its summit, that his last words +would be: "And this is the end. Tom +Marshall dying; dying in a borrowed bed, +under a borrowed sheet, and without a +decent suit of clothes in which to be buried!"</p> +<p> +I well remember the first time I saw +Thomas Marshall. He had returned from +Washington, where he had thrilled Congress +by his eloquence. He was announced +to speak in Lexington on court day +afternoon. I went with my father from +our country home to hear the then golden +mouthed orator. For nearly two hours +he swayed that audience as the storm king +sways the mountain pine. On unseen +wings of eloquence he soared to heights +I had never imagined within the reach of +mortal tongue.</p> +<p> +I also remember the last time I saw this +brilliant Kentuckian. He was standing +on a street corner in Lexington, Kentucky. +His hair hung a tangled mass about his +forehead, his eagle eyes were dimmed by +debauch, and a thin, worn coat was buttoned +over soiled linen. As he straightened +himself and started to the bar-room,<a name="page194" id="page194"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 194]</span> +I could see traces of greatness lingering +about his brow like sheet lightning about +the bosom of a summer storm cloud. Not +long after he was telling political stories +in a drinking tavern. When he tired of +the tumult of the bar-room and a sense +of his better self came over him, some one +said: "Give us another, Tom." Rising to +his feet he said: "You remind me of a set +of bantam chickens, picking the sore head +of an eagle when his wings are broken."</p> +<p> +At one time in a temperance revival in +Washington he took the pledge and kept it +for months. During this time in a temperance +meeting he was called upon to +speak. The following brief extract shows +the charm of his eloquence:</p> +<p> +"I would not exchange my conscious being +as a strictly sober man, the glad play +with which my pulse now beats healthful +music through my veins, the bounding +vivacity with which my life blood courses +its exultant way through every fiber of my +frame, the communion high which my now +healthful eye and ear hold with the universe +around me, the splendors of the +morning, the softness of the evening sky, +the beauty, the verdure of the earth, the +music of winds and waters. No, sir! with<a name="page195" id="page195"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 195]</span> +all these grand associations of external +nature re-opened to the avenues of sense, +though poverty dogged me, though scorn +pointed its slow finger at me as I passed, +though want, destitution and every element +of early misery, save only crime, met +my waking eye from day to day: Not for +the brightest wreath that ever encircled +a statesman's brow; not if some angel +commissioned by heaven, or rather some +demon sent from hell to test the resisting +power of my virtuous resolution, were to +tempt me back to the blighting bowl; not +for the honors a world could bestow, +would I cast from me this pledge of a +liberated mind, this talisman against +temptation, and plunge again into the horrors +that once beset my path. So help me +Heaven, I would spurn beneath my feet +all the gifts a universe could offer, and +live and die as I am—poor but sober."</p> +<p> +Drinking young man, Thomas F. Marshall +once stood where you now stand. He +said then what you say now, yet after that +beautiful tribute to sobriety and the pledge +of total-abstinence, he stood at a blacksmith +shop door, and as the smith drew +the red hot iron from the forge, Mr. Marshall +said to some friends: "Gentlemen, I<a name="page196" id="page196"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 196</span> +would seize that rod of heated iron and +hold it in my hand till it cools, if it would +cure me of my terrible appetite for strong +drink." This is but one of the many fallen +stars the demon of drink has snatched +from the galaxy of Kentucky's greatness +and hurled into the darkness of eternal +night.</p> +<p> +A man who could drink and not get +drunk said to me: "I have no patience +with, nor sympathy for a drunkard. If +I couldn't eat what I want and quit when +I choose, I wouldn't claim to be a man." +Whether he could or not, depends on conditions. +Let my arm represent the scale +of life, with will on one side and appetite +on the other. When a man is healthy his +will stands at eighty, his appetite at fifty. +That man eats when he likes, or lets it +alone as he chooses. But let this healthy, +strong man take typhoid fever, and after +six or eight weeks be reduced to almost +a skeleton. At this stage, the fever having +subsided, let the doctor say to the +once strong man: "The fever is broken; +be careful about your diet, no solid food, +only chicken broth and gruel." Place by +the bed of this once strong man a table +and on this table a roast turkey, stuffed<a name="page197" id="page197"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 197]</span> +with oysters. On the floor place a coffin +and say to the patient: "You see that turkey +and that coffin. If you eat the turkey +today, you'll be in the coffin tomorrow." +Go out and leave the man alone with the +turkey. Will he eat it? I don't care if +he's a preacher or a doctor he will, regardless +of the advice of doctor or terror +of the waiting coffin. Why will he eat +when he knows it means death? Because +his will has gone down to twenty and his +appetite up to one hundred.</p> +<p> +My father had typhoid fever and when +the time of convalescing came my mother +left him alone while she was in the yard +with her flowers. I went into the house +and found father had left his bed, crawled +to the cupboard and had hold of what was +left of a chicken. I called to mother; she +came running, and taking the chicken +from him said: "Don't you know to eat +solid food will kill you?" Father replied: +"I know if you hadn't come in I would +have had one square meal."</p> +<p> +Did I say too much when I said the +preacher would eat the turkey? Years +ago Saint John's pulpit in Louisville, Kentucky, +was filled by a preacher so gifted +that strangers in the city were attracted<a name="page198" id="page198"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 198]</span> +by his fame as an orator. He had an invalid +mother, who in her wheel chair +would attend every service, and was made +happy in her affliction by the sermons of +her eloquent son. He married a wealthy +widow and had everything wealth and refinement +could suggest. He saw no wrong +in the wine glass and kept a supply in his +cellar. Gradually appetite demanded +stronger drinks and one morning his wife +said: "Husband, you were drunk last +night." A few months later he resigned +his position and went west, hoping to +break the spell of his habit. But no mountain +was high enough, nor cavern dark +enough for him to hide from his mad pursuer. +He returned to Louisville and gave +himself up to the maddening bowl. His +wife left him and went to a country home +which she had saved out of her wealth. +One night when he was sleeping drunk in +one room, his old mother in another said: +"Oh God, is my cup of sorrow not yet +full?" The pitying angel pushed ajar the +golden gates and the broken heart entered +into rest.</p> +<p> +Time and again this man took the +pledge, but only to fail. When the "blue +ribbon" wave swept the country he again<a name="page199" id="page199"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 199]</span> +took the pledge, and this time went on the +platform as a temperance advocate. He +drew great audiences, and when he had +kept his pledge for months we invited him +to Louisville. It was my privilege to introduce +him, or rather to present him to +the great audience. Before going on the +platform he said: "I have made a mistake +in coming here. It was here I lost everything +a man could ask to make him happy. +The memory of my sainted mother comes +over me, and my wife is so near and yet +so far from me."</p> +<p> +To bring him back to himself I said: +"These things will help you to give the +greatest lecture of your life. Come, a +great audience of old friends are waiting."</p> +<p> +When introduced he said: "My friends, +if I ever did a dishonorable act before I fell +from the pulpit through drink, rise and +tell me." Soon he had his audience in +tears and lifting his eyes heavenward he +said: "O my sainted Mother, look down +from your home in glory and see your +poor drunken boy. He has staggered all +the way back, his feet upon the up-hillward +way, and will travel it with a martyr's +step."</p> +<a name="page200" id="page200"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 200]</span> +<p> +He further said: "Will I ever drink +again? No; this brow was not made to +wear the brand of a vassal, nor these +hands the chains of a drunkard. Here in +Louisville, where I fell in my manhood's +might, I vow I will never drink again." +Manhood's might is too weak to win alone +in the battle against sin. Poor J.J. Talbott +went down to rise no more, and on +his dying bed, when a minister quoted +passage after passage of promise from +God's word, the answer came: "Not for +me! Not for me!" Peace to his ashes.</p> +<p> +Young man, will you tamper and trifle +with strong drink? Do you say you can +drink or let it alone? I admit you can +drink but are you sure you can let it +alone? If you can <i>now</i>, are you sure you +can two years hence? I saw a giant oak +tree lying in the track of the wind. It +had been called "the monarch of the Sierras." +Under the very nests where tempests +hatch out their young, it grew to its +greatness. It had seen many a storm, +clad in thunder, armed with lightning, +leap from its rocky bed and go bellowing +down the world. But the storms that +shook it only sent its roots down and out +that it might fasten itself the more firmly +to the earth. For long years this old tree<a name="page201" id="page201"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 201]</span> +stood there, bowing its head in courtesy +to the passing storm, while its branches +were but harp strings for the music of the +winds. One evening as the sun went down +over the mountain's brow, not a storm +cloud on the sky, a little wind went hurrying +round the mountain's base, struck +the great oak and down it went with a +crash that made the forest ring. Young +men, why was it a tree that had withstood +the storms of ages, should, before +such a little gust of wind bow its head and +die? Years before, when in the zenith of +its strength and glory, a pioneer with an +axe on his shoulder, went blazing his way +through the wooded wilderness that he +might not be lost on his return. Seeing +the great tree he said: "That's a good one +to mark," and taking his axe in hand, he +sent the blade deep into the oak. Time +passed with seemingly no effect from the +stroke given by the axeman. But steadily +the sun smote the wound, rain soaked +into the scar, worms burrowed in the bark +around it, birds pecked into the decayed +wood and finally foxes made their home +in the hollow trunk, and the day came +when resisting force had weakened, +boasted strength had departed and the<a name="page202" id="page202"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 202]</span> +giant monarch of the Sierras stood at the +mercy of the winds that have no respect +for weakness.</p> +<p> +There are young men before me today, +who can drink or let it alone. Temptation +to them is no more than the gentle breeze +in the branches of the oak in the zenith +of its strength. True, temptation has +been along their way blazing, here a glass +of wine, there a glass of beer and yonder +a glass of whiskey. They can quit when +they please, but the less they please the +more they drink, the more they drink the +less they please. They don't quit because +they <i>can</i>, if they couldn't quit they would, +because they can, they won't. Thus they +reason, while appetite eats its way into +their wills, birds of ill omen peck into +their characters and finally they will go +down to drunkards' graves, as thousands +before them have gone. Young men, in +the morning of life, while the dew of youth +is yet upon your brow, I beg you to bind +the pledge of total-abstinence as a garland +about your character and pray God to +keep you away from the tempter's path.</p> +<p> +I wonder that young men will trifle +with this great "deceiver." I wonder too +at so much ignorance on the question<a name="page203" id="page203"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 203]</span> +among intelligent people. Some years +ago after a temperance address a gentleman +was introduced to me as the finest +scholar in the city. Next morning we +were on the same train, and referring to +the lecture of the evening before, he said: +"I heard your address and was pleased +with your kindly spirit, but I beg to differ +with you, believing as I do, that when +properly used, alcoholic liquor as a beverage +is good for health and strength." I +felt disappointed to hear a great scholar +make such a statement, but I ventured the +reply:</p> +<p> +"If that is true God made a mistake, +since He made the whole phenomena of +animal life to run by water power. He +made it in such abundance it takes oceans +to hold it, rivers and rivulets to carry it +to man, bird and beast, while in all the +wide world He never made a spring of +alcohol. If it's good for strength, why +not give it to the ox, the mule and the +horse?" It takes a good deal of faith to +trust a sober mule; I'm sure I wouldn't +want to trust a drunken one. There is +not a man in my presence who would buy +a moderate drinking horse, and no one +would wilfully go through a lot where a<a name="page204" id="page204"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 204]</span> +drunken dog had right of way. Yet we +license saloons to turn drunken men loose +in the street, some of them as vicious as +mad dogs.</p> +<p> +Good for strength? When Samson +had slain the regiment of Philistines and +was exhausted and athirst; when in his +extremity he cried to the Lord: "Thou +hast given this great deliverance into the +hand of thy servant, and now shall I die +from thirst." What was done to revive +him and renew his strength? Was strong +drink recommended as a stimulant? The +Bible account informs us God "clave an +hollow place in the jaw, and water came +thereout." Don't you think if alcoholic +liquor had been intended as a beverage +for mankind, the great Creator would have +made a few springs of it somewhere? +Bore into the earth you can strike oil, but +you can't strike whiskey. You can find +sparkling springs of water almost everywhere, +but nowhere a beer brewery in +nature. It's water, blessed water all the +time. On your right it bubbles in the +brook; on your left it leaps and laughs in +the cascade; above you it rides in rain +clouds upon the wings of the wind; beneath +you it hangs in diamond dew upon<a name="page205" id="page205"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 205]</span> +the bending blade; behind you it comes +galloping down the gorge "from out the +mountain's broken heart;" before you it +goes gliding down the glen, kissing wayside +flowers into fragrance and singing, +as rippling o'er the rocks it runs: "Men +may come and men may go, but I go on +forever." Oh, bright beautiful water! +may it soon be the beverage of all mankind.</p> +<p> +I know some say: "This is a free country; +if a man wants to drink and be a +brute, let him do so." The trouble about +that is, while strong drink will degrade +some men to the level of the brute, drunkards +are not made of brutes. Some thirty +or more years ago a grandson of one of +the greatest statesman this country ever +produced, was shot in a saloon while intoxicated. +While that young man was +dying, but a few blocks away a grandson +of one of the greatest men that ever honored +Kentucky in the Senate of the United +States, was in jail to be tried for murder +committed while drunk; and in the same +city at the same hour in the station-house +from drink was a great grandson of the +author of "Give me liberty or give me +death." Whom did Daniel Webster leave<a name="page206" id="page206"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 206]</span> +his seat in the Senate that he might hear +his eloquence? S.S. Prentice went down +under the cloud of drink. A gifted family +gave to a Southern State a gifted son. +His state sent him to the halls of national +legislation, but drink wrought his ruin. +Horace Greeley was his friend, and finding +him drunk in a Washington hotel said +to him: "Why don't you give up what you +know is bringing shame upon you and sorrow +to your family?"</p> +<p> +He replied: "Mr. Greeley, ask me to +take my knife and sever my arm from my +shoulder and I can do it, but ask me to +give up an appetite that has come down +upon me for generations, I <i>can't</i> do it." +He threw his cane upon the floor to emphasize +his utterance. A few days later +in the old Saint Charles Hotel, he pierced +his brain with a bullet and was sent home +to his family in his coffin.</p> +<p> +Bring me the men who are drunkards +in this city, strip them of their appetite +for strong drink, and they are husbands, +brothers, fathers, sons, and as a rule, generous +in disposition.</p> +<p> +Thank God, while drunkenness will +drag down the gifted and noble, temperance +will build up the humblest and lowest.<a name="page207" id="page207"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 207]</span> +Bring me the poorest boy in this audience, +let him pledge me he will never +take a drink of intoxicating liquor as a +beverage, let him keep that pledge, be industrious +and honest; my word for it, in +twenty years from now he will walk the +streets of the city in which he dwells, +honored, respected, loved, and the world +can't keep him down. I rejoice we live in +a land where I can encourage a boy, a land +where rank belongs to the boy who earns +it, whether he hails from the mansion of +a millionaire or the "old log cabin in the +lane;" a land where a boy can go from +a rail cut, a tan yard, or a toe-path, to the +presidency of the United States; a land +where I can look the humblest boy in the +face and say:</p> + +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"Never ye mind the crowd, my boy, or think that life won't tell;</p> +<p>The work is the work for aye that, to him that doeth it well.</p> +<p>Fancy the world a hill, my boy; look where the millions stop;</p> +<p>You'll find the crowd at the base, my boy; there's always room at the top."</p> +</div> +</div> +<p> +Have you a trade? Go learn one. Do +you know how to do things? Go try; you<a name="page208" id="page208"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 208]</span> +may make mistakes, but do the best you +can like the boy who joined the church. +At his uncle's table soon after he was +asked to say grace. He didn't know what +kind of a blessing to ask, but he did know +he was very hungry, so bowing his head +he said: "Lord, have mercy on these victuals." +I have faith in the boy who will +try to do a thing. I believe in a boy like +that one in a mission Sabbath school in +New York, who though he had but little +knowledge of the Bible, had a way of reasoning +about Bible lessons. The teacher +of his class said to him: "James, who +was the strongest man of whom we have +any account?"</p> +<p> +He quickly replied: "Jonah."</p> +<p> +"How do you make that out?" said the +teacher.</p> +<p> +Promptly the answer came: "The whale +couldn't hold him after he got him down."</p> +<p> +Boys, are you poor? Columbus was a +weaver; Arkright was a barber; Esop, a +slave; Bloomfield, a shoemaker; Lincoln, +a rail-splitter; Garfield tramped a toe-path +with no company but an honest mule; +and Franklin, whose name will never die +while lightning blazes through the clouds, +went from the humble position of a printer's<a name="page209" id="page209"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 209]</span> +devil to that height where he looked +down upon other men. If you would win +in the battle of life, take the right side +of life and build a righteous character. +The saddest scene on the streets at night +is the young man, whose clothes are finest +in quality and fittest in fashion, but whose +principles sadly need "patching." I dare +say there are young men before me now +who would not go into refined company +indecently dressed for any consideration, +but who will rush into the presence of +their God before they sleep with a dozen +oaths upon their lips. Will Carleton puts +it this way:</p> + +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"Boys flying kites, haul in their white plumed birds;</p> +<p>You can't do that when flying words;</p> +<p>Thoughts unexpressed, may sometimes fall back dead,</p> +<p>But God Himself can't kill them when they're said."</p> +</div> +</div> +<p> +Will Carleton puts it in poetry, let's +have it in prose. Boys, pay more attention +to your manners than to your moustache; +keep your conduct as neat as your +neck-tie, polish your language as well as +your boots; remember, moustache grows<a name="page210" id="page210"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 210]</span> +grey, clothes get seedy, and boots wear +out, but honor, virtue and integrity will +be as bright and fresh when you totter +with old age as when your mother first +looked love into your eyes.</p> +<p> +Little Lucy Rome was taken up for vagrancy +in a great city. When brought +before the court an austere judge said: +"Who claims this child?"</p> +<p> +A boy arose and walking down near the +Judge, said: "Please, sir; I do. She's +my sister; we are orphans, but I can take +care of her if you'll let her go."</p> +<p> +"Who are you?" asked the Judge.</p> +<p> +"I'm Jimmy Rome, and I have been +taking care of my sister; but two weeks +ago the man for whom I worked died and +while I was out looking for another place, +Lucy begged some bread and they took +her up. But now I've a good place to +work, Judge, and I'm going to put little +sister in school. Please let me have her, +sir."</p> +<p> +The Judge said: "Stand aside. Officer, +take the child to the children's home."</p> +<p> +The boy with tears streaming down his +cheeks, as he heard his sister sobbing, +said: "Judge, please don't take her from<a name="page211" id="page211"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 211]</span> +me."</p> +<p> +The Judge, moved by the pleading of +the brother, said: "Well, my boy, if you +can find some reliable person to go your +security you may have her."</p> +<p> +"Judge, I don't know anyone to give +you; my good friend is dead, but I told +you the truth. I don't drink, nor smoke +nor swear oaths; I try to be a good boy; I +work hard, but I can't give you any security. +Judge, will you please let me kiss +my little sister before you take her from +me?"</p> +<p> +With this the boy put his arms about +his weeping sister and printed, as he +thought, the last kiss upon her cheek. The +Judge, with a lump in his throat, said: +"Take her, my boy; I'll go your security. +I'll give Lucy to the care of such a brother."</p> +<p> +Hand in hand the homeless orphan pair +walked out of the court room together, +Jimmy Rome to make his mark in the +business world and his sister to be the +wife of a merchant prince.</p> +<p> +Boys, be industrious, be honest, be sober. +"I will" fluttered from the worm-eaten +ships of Columbus; "I will" blazed +upon the banners of Washington and<a name="page212" id="page212"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 212]</span> +Grant; "I will" stamped the walls of Hudson +river tunnel, and dug the canal of +Panama. Young man, write "I will" upon +your brow, give your heart to God and +hope will herald your way to victory as +the reward of a well spent life. Keep +your eye upon the star of ambition. Don't +be like the owl, who when daylight comes +hides himself within the shadows of the +ivy-bound oak and moans and moans the +days of his life away; but rather be like +the proud eagle that leaves its craggy +summit, starts on its pinion flight through +the clouds, rides upon the face of the +storm, then on beyond bathes its plumage +in the "sunlight of the day god, and laughs +in the face of the coming morrow."</p> +<p> +Some one said, and trifled with the secret +of success and happiness when he said +it: "There's only a dollar's difference between +the man who works and the man +who pays, and the man who pays, gets +that." There is an old superstition that +somewhere on the earth, under the earth +or in the sea, there is a stone called the +"philosopher's stone" and whoever finds it +will be "chiefest among ten thousand." +The same superstition prevails with many +today; only the name of the stone is turned<a name="page213" id="page213"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 213]</span> +to "luck," and thousands of young men are +waiting for luck to come along and turn +up something for them. There is a rule +of life, young men, more reliable than +luck. It is called an ancient law and runs +thus: "By the sweat of thy face shalt +thou eat bread." It is the foundation of +more sweet bread and pure enjoyment +than all your luck. On it the feet of +Abraham Lincoln rested, while he wedged +his way to the highest office in the gift of +the American people. On it Shakespeare +stood, driving a shuttle through the warp +and woof of a weaver's loom and wove out +for himself a name and fame immortal. +On it Elihu Burrett wielded a sledge hammer, +while developing a mind that mastered +many different languages. On it +Henry Clay made his way from the mill-sloshes +of Virginia to the United States +Senate, and on it James A. Garfield +tramped his toe-pathway from driving a +mule, to presiding over the destinies of +seventy-five millions of people.</p> +<p> +Boys, don't be idle. I know a man to-day +who always looks so lazy it really +rests me to look at him. A boy working +for a farmer was asked by his employer +if he ever saw a snail. The boy answered<a name="page214" id="page214"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 214]</span> +that he had. "You must have met it, for +you surely did not overtake it," said the +farmer. I know an old man who seems to +take pride in saying he never worked. +The first time I saw this man was in my +youth. While his father was husking +corn in a field, he was seated by a fire +reading a novel. Often after that, when +I would go to the postoffice in the winter, +he would be there by the fire. He moved +to the city thirty years ago, where he +spends his winters sitting around a fire. +He doesn't drink or gamble. I don't think +he will have many sins of commission for +which to answer; he never commits anything; +he sits by the fire. When he dies +an appropriate epitaph for his tomb will +be:</p> + +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"He was never much on stirrin' round,</p> + <p class="i2">Sich wasn't his desire;</p> +<p>When weather cool, he was always found,</p> + <p class="i2">A sittin' round the fire.</p></div> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"When the frost was comin' down,</p> + <p class="i2">And the wind a creepin' higher,</p> +<p>He spent his time just that way,</p> + <p class="i2">A sittin' round the fire.</p></div> +<a name="page215" id="page215"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 215]</span> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"Same old habit every day,</p> + <p class="i2">He never seemed to tire;</p> +<p>While others worked and got their pay,</p> + <p class="i2">He sat there by the fire.</p></div> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"When he died, by slow degrees,</p> + <p class="i2">Some said, 'he's gone up higher;'</p> +<p>But if he's doin' what he did,</p> + <p class="i2">He's sittin' round the fire."</p> +</div> +</div> +<p> +The man or woman who lives in this +age of the world and lives in idleness, +should have lived in some other age. When +ox-teams crept across the plains, and stage +coaches went six miles an hour, idleness +may have been in some kind of harmony +with the age, but now, when horses pace +a mile in two minutes, express trains +make fifty miles an hour, and aeroplanes +fly a mile in a minute; when telephone and +telegraph send news faster than light flies, +the idler is out of place. Carlisle said: +"The race of life has become intense; the +runners are tramping on each other's +heels; woe to the man who stops to tie +his shoestrings!"</p> +<p> +Young man, if you would keep step with +the energy of the age in which you are +living, and be ever found on the safe side +of life, you must not only be equipped<a name="page216" id="page216"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 216]</span> +with education, stability and ambition, but +to make sure you should start right. If +you are going to California tomorrow, +which way would you start, east or west? +You say: "We would start west." A man +riding along a highway said to a farmer by +the wayside: "How far to Baltimore?"</p> +<p> +The farmer answered: "About twenty-five +thousand miles the way you're going; +if you'll face about and go the other way, +it's fourteen miles."</p> +<p> +Young man, which way are you going?</p> +<p> +Does someone in my presence say: "I +have started wrong; I take a glass of beer +now and then; occasionally utter an oath, +and am sowing wild oats in a few other +fields; but I'll come out right in the end." +Two diverging roads keep on widening; +they don't come together at the other ends. +If you would make sure of the safe side +of life in the end of the journey, then start +right. Luke Howard graduated from a +fine college and went to a large city to +practice his profession. He boarded in a +fine hotel and frequented fine saloons. He +became dissipated and one morning after +a drunken debauch the landlord said: "Sir, +you disturbed my boarders last night and +I must ask you to leave." Young men, did<a name="page217" id="page217"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 217]</span> +Luke Howard go to a better hotel? No, +but to a grade lower; he started wrong. +In this hotel a few months later, he was +asked to move on. Did he go to a better? +No, still lower, until at last he went to +board in the low tavern on the river front. +The landlord said: "I remember when +you graduated from college. I was present, +saw the flowers and heard the applause +that greeted your success. I feel +honored to have you as a boarder." A +few months later, on Christmas night, +Luke Howard lay drunk on the bar-room +floor. The landlord had borne all he could +and, with a kick, he said: "Get up and +get out, you brute; I will not keep you +another hour." The drunkard with help +arose and said: "Where am I? Why, this +is my boarding place, my home, and you +are my landlord. You said you felt honored +to have me board here. What's the +matter?"</p> +<p> +"Luke Howard, you're not the man you +once were, and I want you to leave here at +once."</p> +<p> +The poor fellow started for the door +muttering: "I am not the man I was. I'm +not the man I was." Missing the step as +he went out, he fell, striking his head<a name="page218" id="page218"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 218]</span> +against the stone curbing. A physician +was summoned and recognizing the injured +man as an old friend said: "Luke, +speak to your old college chum; I'm here +to help you."</p> +<p> +The poor drunkard, looking through the +blood that flowed from the gaping wound +said: "Listen to me, Tom, I'm not the +man I was, I'm not the man I was." And +thus died the poor fellow.</p> +<p> +Young man, start wrong and end right? +No, start wrong and you may expect in +the autumn of life a penniless, friendless +old age; opportunity gone, health shattered, +and the "long fingers of memory" +reaching out and dragging into its chambers +thoughts that will "bite like a serpent +and sting like an adder." Bad as this is, +it is even worse when your depravity involves +another life. What if that other +life is your mother, who went to the door +of death to give you life, and whose every +breath is another thread of sorrow woven +into her wasting heart while her boy is +bound like Mazeppa to the wild steed of +passion.</p> +<p> +There are some things I cannot understand +about this drink question. I can +understand how a young woman with jeweled<a name="page219" id="page219"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 219]</span> +fingers can tempt a young man to +drink wine. I had a bit of experience +some years ago down in Texas, that helped +me to appreciate how young men are +tempted. I gave an address in a Y.M.C.A. +lecture course in a city, and at the +close of my address a prominent citizen +said to me: "Kentucky has a reputation +for beautiful women, but we think Texas +has the handsomest women in the world. +At the hotel where you are stopping, there +is a leap year ball tonight and the most +beautiful women for a hundred miles +around are gathered there. I will call for +you at your room in a little while and you +must take a look at our Texas girls." A +little later I stood in a hallway where I +could see down the long ball room, and I +declare they were as pretty women as I +have ever seen, and I live in Kentucky. I +was invited to step inside the door, where +between dances I was introduced to couple +after couple. It being leap year the +ladies were soliciting their partners for +the dance, and a very handsome young +lady invited me to be her partner. Having +never danced and being a Methodist +steward, I declined. Another and another +asked me to dance, and again and again<a name="page220" id="page220"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 220]</span> +I declined, giving as an excuse my utter +ignorance of the function. Finally a very +beautiful, blue-eyed, charming young lady +said: "Since you do not dance, may I engage +you for a promenade around the +ball room?" Boys, if I had been a young +man the chances are I would have started +down the "turkey-trot" road that evening. +I can appreciate how young men are +tempted.</p> +<p> +There is one thing, however, about the +drink habit that is difficult for me to understand, +and that is how a young man, +who loves his mother, whose mother loves +him as only a mother can love, loved him +first, loved him best and will love him to +the last, can go from home and mother to +the impure, degrading vileness of a liquor +saloon. If we enter that young man's +home what do we find? Perhaps on one +of the side-walls, "What is home without +a mother," on the altar the family Bible, +every picture on the walls suggestive of +home life and purity, every chair and +piece of bric-a-brac linked with the sweet +association of childhood, the conversation +as pure as the sunlight on which the young +man lives; yet he will kiss his mother, +leave this home, and down the street make<a name="page221" id="page221"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 221]</span> +his way to a liquor saloon, where often +vile pictures hang on the walls, cards lie +on the table instead of the family Bible +and the air is freighted with oaths and obscenities.</p> +<p> +Boys, have any of you done this within +the past month, or six months? Promise +me now you will never do this again. Oh +what a grand meeting this would be if +every young man and boy in my presence +would make the promise! I plead with +you, young man, by the sleepless nights +your mother spent to give you rest; by the +shadow you have hung over her pathway; +by the bleeding heart you've wounded but +which loves you still:</p> + +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"Come back, my boy, come back, I say,</p> +<p>And walk now in thy mother's way."</p> +</div> +</div> +<p> +I would that every boy in our land were +as grateful to his mother as was that +Southern girl to her father, who stood +years ago in front of an open fire, her +back to the fire, her face toward the door, +her bare arms full of flowers, waiting for +her brother to call with a carriage to take +her to a party. While standing there a +flame caught her dress; she gave a scream, +dropped the flowers and ran through the +door to where her father was standing in<a name="page222" id="page222"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 222]</span> +the yard. When the father saw his child +coming with flame following, he ran toward +her. As he ran he took off his coat +and wrapping it about her face, arms and +shoulders, threw her to the ground. With +his left hand he kept the flame from the +body, while with his right hand he fought +the fire. He saved his daughter but +burned his right arm to the elbow. Day +after day when the doctor would unwrap +the arm to dress it, the girl, though burned +herself, would go to her father's bed, gently +lift the burned arm and caress it. When +the father recovered his hand was so +maimed and scarred, that when introduced +to strangers, he would hold his right +hand behind him and shake hands with +the left. One day his daughter, seeing +him do this, went to his side and reaching +for the scarred hand, held it to her lips +and kissed it. She was not ashamed, for +that hand had been burned for her. When +the father died and lay in his casket ready +for burial, the family came to take their +last look. First came the mother of the +girl, then a brother and sister, and then +the girl herself. She kissed the cold brow +of her father, then kneeling she took up +the disfigured hand and kissed it over and<a name="page223" id="page223"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 223]</span> +over again. My boy, your mother has +suffered more for you than that father did +for his daughter. I beg you, go home and +kiss your mother. If she is dead or far +from you, kiss her memory. Go to your +bed room, kneel there, and pray God to +help you to live worthy the love of your +mother.</p> +<p> +I now turn from young men to parents +and say, use every means possible to make +safe the way of your boys. Some years +ago in one of our cities, after a lecture in +which I appealed to parents, a leading +merchant of the city said: "I wish I had +heard that lecture years ago."</p> +<p> +"You never used liquor?" I said.</p> +<p> +"No, but I am responsible for its use +in my family. I am a Methodist, and a +total abstainer. In my employ I had a +number of clerks, and let it be known I +would not allow any of them to drink even +moderately. One day a man came to my +store with a paper in his hand and said: +'I want to set up a saloon on the next +block and I am getting signers to my petition. +I am one of your customers; you +know me and know I will keep an orderly +place.' I said to myself, 'if he doesn't sell +others will and we need the revenue anyway,'<a name="page224" id="page224"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 224]</span> +so I signed the petition. A few +months later I chanced to see my youngest +boy and one of my clerks coming out +of the door of that saloon. Soon after +when they entered the store I called them +into my office and said: 'Young men, did +I see you coming out of a saloon, and had +you been taking a drink in there?' When +they admitted they had, I said to my +son: 'Did I ever set such an example for +you to follow?' He answered: 'No, father, +but you signed that man's petition to +set up the saloon; whom did you expect +him to sell to? Did you sign it for him +to sell to other fathers' sons and not +yours?' I realized as never before the +wrong I had done, not only to my own son, +but to every father's son to whom that +saloon-keeper would sell if they had the +money to pay for liquor. I said: "Forgive +me, my boy. Promise me you will +never enter a saloon again and I promise +never to sign a petition or vote to have a +saloon-keeper sell to anybody's boy!"</p> +<p> +But it was too late; that boy went to +ruin and carried his old father to financial +ruin with him. The store was sold and +the father went on to a little farm in Missouri, +where he died a disappointed, grief-stricken<a name="page225" id="page225"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 225]</span> +man. He was a good man and +a kind father, but he did not realize the +full meaning of the warning, "whatsoever +ye sow, that shall ye also reap." Fathers, +be careful of your example. Your sons +think they can safely follow where you +lead. Could the turf break above the +drunken dead; could they come back to +earth in their bony whiteness to testify +to the cause of their ruin, how many would +point to the old sideboard filled with all +kinds of liquors, to father's moderate use +of strong drink, or his vote for the saloon +at the ballot box.</p> +<p> +Too often the careless indulgence of +mothers is responsible for the ruin of +their sons. If mothers were as watchful +of their sons as of their daughters, the +magic chain of mother love would be far +more binding to their boys. There are +homes in this city where at night you can +hear the mothers say to servants: "Are +the clothes in off the line; did you bring +the broom and the pitcher from the porch; +are the blinds all down; are the girls in +bed; is everything in order for the night?" +No, mothers, everything is not in order. +Your girls are safe, the windows and doors +are locked, but your boys are on the outside<a name="page226" id="page226"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 226]</span> +with night keys in their pockets, to +come in at midnight from God only knows +where. The double standard reaches too +often back into the home.</p> + +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"Mother, watch the little feet,</p> + <p class="i2">Climbing o'er the garden wall,</p> +<p>Bounding through the busy street,</p> + <p class="i2">Ranging garret shed and hall:</p> +<p>Never count the time it cost,</p> + <p class="i2">Never think the moments lost;</p> +<p>Little feet will go astray,</p> + <p class="i2">Watch them, mother, while you may.</p></div> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"Mother, watch the little tongue,</p> + <p class="i2">Prattling, innocent and wild,</p> +<p>What is said and what is sung</p> + <p class="i2">By the joyous, happy child;</p> +<p>Stop the word while yet unspoken;</p> + <p class="i2">Seal the vow while yet unbroken,</p> +<p>That same tongue may yet proclaim,</p> + <p class="i2">Blessings in a Savior's name.</p></div> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"Mother, watch the little heart,</p> + <p class="i2">Beating soft and warm for you;</p> +<p>Wholesome lessons now impart,</p> + <p class="i2">Keep, O keep, that young heart pure.</p> +<p>Extricating every weed,</p><a name="page227" id="page227"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 227]</span> + <p class="i2">Sowing good and precious seed;</p> +<p>Harvests rich you then shall see,</p> + <p class="i2">Ripening for eternity."</p> +</div> +</div> +<p> +Once more I turn to the young men to +say, if you would make life safe take the +Bible as the man of your counsel and the +guide of your life; love God and keep His +commandments. In this age of glittering +literature, many consider the Bible dull +reading. Sir William Jones, one of England's +greatest jurists and scholars, said: +"I have carefully perused the Bible, and +independent of its divine origin, I believe +it contains more true sublimity, more exquisite +beauty, purer morality, more important +history and finer strains of poetry +and eloquence than could be contained +within the same compass, from all the +books ever published in any age or any +idiom."</p> +<p> +A passionate lover of poetry has said: +"The Bible is a mass of beautiful figures. +It has pressed into its service the animals +of the forest, the flowers of the fields and +the stars of heaven; the lion, spurning the +sands of the desert; the wild roe, leaping +the mountains; the lamb led to the slaughter; +the goat, fleeing to the wilderness; the<a name="page228" id="page228"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 228]</span> +Rose of Sharon; the Lily of the Valley; +the great rock in a weary land; Carmel +by the sea; Tabor in the mountains; the +rain and mown grass; the sun and moon +and morning stars. Thus hath the Bible +swept creation to lay its trophies upon the +altar of Jehovah." Patrick Henry continually +sought the Bible for gems of expression, +while today the politician on the +rostrum and the lawyer at the bar, quote +the Bible to give force and effect to their +speeches.</p> +<p> +Some say: "There is so much in the Bible +we cannot comprehend." Yes, there's +very much in there doubtless God did not +intend you should understand. One wades +in the ocean knee deep, waist deep, neck +deep, and gives it up that he can't wade +the ocean. If God had intended one should +wade the ocean He would have made it +shallow enough to wade. So, one finds +he can climb to the mountain's top, or sail +thousands of feet above the mountain in +an air ship, but he can't sail to the skies. +Two good women went to Sam Jones and +said: "Mr. Jones, here are several passages +of scripture we don't understand. We +have been to several ministers and they +cannot explain them satisfactorily; perhaps<a name="page229" id="page229"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 229]</span> +you can." The great evangelist said: +"Sisters, you haven't as much good hard +sense as my cow. We keep a cow and +through the winter we give her hay to +eat. Now Georgia hay has a considerable +mixture of briars. When we give the cow +an arm full of hay she has sense enough +to eat the hay and let the briars alone. +But with the blessed Bible full of good +hay, you are 'chawing' away on the briars." +Young people, there is enough in +God's word you can understand to serve +you if you live a thousand years, enough +in there to save you if you die tonight, so +don't worry over what you can't understand.</p> +<p> +During the Civil War a terrible battle +raged all day between the armies of Grant +and Lee. When the night shadows shut +out the light, dead and dying were strewn +for miles. Surgeons were busy and the +chaplains going their rounds. A chaplain +heard a voice say, in clarion tone: "Here." +Going to the spot from whence came the +voice and bending over the prostrate form +of a dying soldier, the chaplain asked: +"What can I do for you?"</p> +<p> +"Nothing, sir; they were just calling +the roll in Heaven, and I was answering<a name="page230" id="page230"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 230]</span> +to my name."</p> +<p> +Blessed book, in which there is enough +a wounded soldier, dying far away from +home and loved ones, can so understand +as to fit him to answer the roll call in +Heaven.</p> +<p> +We may not comprehend the full meaning +of faith, but we can grasp sufficient to +be to our souls what the force of nature +is to the trees, by which they stand with +their branches reaching skyward and their +roots drawing earth-centerward. Take +from me this faith and you take away the +best friend I ever had, the friend that +stood by me in the darkest hour of my +life, when a daughter in the bloom of womanhood +said, "good-bye," and went away +to live with the angels; that stands by me +now pointing to where my child is waiting +for me in the bowers that kiss the very +porch of Heaven. Without this faith how +awful would be the dirge, "earth to earth, +dust to dust." Blessed book that tells us +we shall meet "beyond the river, where +the surges cease to roll;" that death is +but the doorway to a better land, "the +grave a subway to a sweeter clime."</p> +<p> +My dear young friends, accept this faith +and you will find in it a sweet companion<a name="page231" id="page231"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 231]</span> +up the hillward way of life, and down the +sunset slope to the valley of death, where +it will not leave nor forsake you, but will +wait till you throw off your "burden of +clay," then "bear you away on its balmy +wings to your eternal home." Young +men, may you so follow the safe side of +life, that when its great trials come, you +can with the wings of faith cleave the +clouds and soar safely above the thunders +that roll at your feet.</p> +<p> +My closing advice is, "Walk not in the +counsel of the ungodly, nor stand in the +way of sinners; but delight in the law of +the Lord; and in his law meditate day and +night. In due season your life will fruit +and whatsoever you do will prosper."</p> + +<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /> +<a name="page233" id="page233"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 233]</span> +<a name="VI" id="VI"></a> +<h3>VI</h3> +<br /> +<h2>PLATFORM EXPERIENCES.</h2> +<br /><br /> + +<p> +Though announced to lecture on Platform +Experiences, it is my purpose to +give you a kind of platform analysis, to +tell you what I know about lecturing, lectures, +oratory and orators, using personal +experiences for illustration.</p> +<p> +We have about eight thousand Chautauqua +days, and fifteen thousand lecture +courses in this country every year, and +yet comparatively few persons know the +history of the platform. Many have an +idea that free speech, like free air, has +ever been a boon to mankind. They have +no conception of what it has cost, in imprisonment, +exile, blood and tears.</p> +<p> +I am indebted to "Pond's History of the +Platform" for facts and illustrations in +the early history of the platform in England. +Two hundred years ago in our +mother land, the word platform meant no +more than a resting place for boxes and +barrels. A religious service was simply a +routine of ritual, while such a thing as a<a name="page234" id="page234"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 234]</span> +public man addressing the masses was unknown. +Sir William Pitt, one of England's +greatest statesman and orators, in +all his public life uttered only two sentences +to the public outside of Parliament. +If William Jennings Bryan had lived in +Pitt's day, he would have been ignored by +the Prime Minister of England.</p> +<p> +The first leaders of thought to come in +contact with the people and thrill them by +the power of speech were John Wesley +and George Whitefield. "On a mount +called Rose Hill, near Bristol, England, +George Whitefield laid the foundation of +the modern platform." From Rose Hill +his audiences grew until on Kensington +Commons thirty thousand people tried to +get within reach of his captivating voice. +It has been truthfully said: "At the feet +of John Wesley and George Whitefield the +people of England learned their first lessons +in popular government."</p> +<p> +This innovation, however, met with +sneers, jeers and persecution from the established +conservatism of church and +state, and when the platform attempted to +enter the arena of politics, Parliament +decided the "public clamor must end." A +bill was framed forbidding any public<a name="page235" id="page235"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 235]</span> +gatherings except such as should be called +by the magistrates.</p> +<p> +In advocating this bill a member of Parliament +said: "The art of political discussion +does not belong outside of Parliament. +Men who are simply merchants, +mechanics and farmers must not be allowed +to publicly criticise the constitution." +To this the platform made reply: +"From such as we the Master selected +those who were to sow the seed of living +bread in the wilds of Galilee." The bill +passed by an overwhelming majority. +Punishment ran from fine and imprisonment +to years of exile from the country, +and from this time on, the battle raged +between Parliament and platform. Later +on we shall note the results.</p> +<p> +I am often interviewed by men, and +sometimes by women, who desire to reach +the platform. They say to me: "What +steps did you take?"</p> +<p> +My answer is, I never took any; I stumbled, +was picked up by circumstances and +pitched upon the platform.</p> +<p> +At a picnic in a grove near Winchester, +Ky., in 1869, a noted temperance orator +was to give an address. He failed to reach +the grove on time, and I was prevailed<a name="page236" id="page236"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 236]</span> +upon to act as time-killer until his arrival. +I was not entirely without experience, +having belonged to a debating society in a +country school.</p> +<p> +When I had spoken about thirty minutes, +to my great relief, the orator of the +day made his appearance. The flattering +comments upon my talk induced me to accept +other invitations to address temperance +meetings, and before I knew what +had happened, the platform was under my +feet, calls were numerous and my life +work was established. I suppose those who +consult me are encouraged to know a mere +stumble directed my course, and if so, by +purpose and preparation they can surely +succeed.</p> +<p> +Some persons seem to think lecturing +a very simple occupation, requiring only +a glib tongue, and a good pair of lungs. +Several years ago, I received a letter from +a young man in which he wrote: "I heard +you lecture last week. I would like to +become a lecturer myself. I have no experience +and very little education, but I +have a very strong voice and am sure I +could be heard by a large audience. I have +been working in a horse-barn but am now +out of a job. If I had a lecture, I think<a name="page237" id="page237"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 237]</span> +I could make a living; besides I would get +to see the country. If you will write me +one I will send you two dollars." I do not +know whether the young man gauged the +price by the estimate of the lecture he had +heard me give, or his monetary condition, +but if audacity is a requisite for the platform, +this young man was not entirely +without qualification.</p> +<p> +This is an extreme case, and yet there +are those whose minds are storehouses of +knowledge, who can no more become popular +platform speakers, than could the +young man, who was ready to set sail on +the sea of oratory, with a lusty pair of +lungs and a two dollar lecture.</p> +<p> +Charles Spurgeon, the great London +preacher, said: "I have never yet learned +the art of lecturing. If you have ever seen +a goose fly, you have seen Spurgeon trying +to lecture."</p> +<p> +Mr. Spurgeon called lecturing an art, +and why not? If the hand that paints a +picture true to life and pleasing to the +eye, is the hand of an artist, why is not +the tongue that paints a picture true to +life and pleasing to the mind's eye the +tongue of an artist?</p> +<a name="page238" id="page238"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 238]</span> +<p> +It is an art to know how to get hold of +an audience. There was an occasion in +my experience when I had extreme necessity +for the use of this art. When President +Cleveland wrote his Venezuela message +in which he threatened war with +England, the threat was published in Toronto, +Canada, on Saturday and I was announced +to lecture in the large pavilion on +Sunday afternoon.</p> +<p> +The message of President Cleveland had +aroused the patriotic spirit of Canada. +The hall was packed. It seemed to me I +could see frost upon the eyebrows of every +man and icicles in the ears of the +women.</p> +<p> +When introduced there was a painful +silence. I began by saying: "Doubtless +many of you have come to hear what an +American has to say about Venezuela. I +must admit I am not acquainted with the +merits of the question. I suppose, however, +the message of our President is one +of the arts of diplomacy. But I do know +I speak the sentiment of the best people of +my country when I say: 'May the day +never dawn whose peace will be broken +by signal guns of war between Great Britain +and the United States.'" I said:</p> +<a name="page239" id="page239"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 239]</span> + +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"When John and Jonathan forget,</p> +<p>The scar of anger's wound to fret,</p> +<p>And smile to think of an ancient feud,</p> +<p>Which the God of nations turned to good;</p> +<p>Then John and Jonathan will be,</p> +<p>Abiding friends, o'er land and sea;</p> +<p>n their one great purpose, the world will ken,</p> +<p>Peace on earth, goodwill to men."</p> +</div> +</div> +<p> +The great audience arose and cheered +until all sense of chill had departed.</p> +<p> +It is not only an art to get hold of an +audience, but equally a matter of good +taste to know when to let go. This is a +qualification some have not acquired. I +followed a very distinguished man several +years ago and the comment was: "He was +fine the first hour and a half, but the last +hour he grew tiresome."</p> +<p> +In this busy age, the world wants +thoughts packed into small compass. The +average audience wants a preacher to put +his best thoughts into a thirty-minute +package. The day was, when people +would sit on backless board benches and +listen to a sermon of two hours; now they +won't swing in a hammock and endure +one of more than fifty minutes.</p> +<a name="page240" id="page240"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 240]</span> +<p> +Rev. Dr. Dewey, of Brooklyn, New +York, tells of a minister who was given +to reading his sermons. On one occasion +when he had read about twenty minutes, +he halted and said: "I have a young dog +at my house that is given to chewing paper. +I find he has mutilated my manuscript, +which is my excuse for this short +sermon." A visiting lady after service +said: "Doctor, have you any more of the +breed of that dog? I would like to get +one for our pastor."</p> +<p> +In this age of crowded moments concentration +means executation; energy means +success. If you can't put fire into your +sermon, put your sermon in the fire.</p> +<p> +A few years ago when in New York +City, I went to see Madame Bernhardt in +her famous play, Joan of Arc. She spoke +in French, an unknown tongue to me; but +when she came to her defense before the +court, I realized as never before the power +of speech and action. She had given +one-fourth of that marvelous appeal, +when the great audience arose and began +to cheer. Madame Bernhardt folded her +arms, bowed her head and waited for silence.</p> +<p> +When order was restored she sprang a +step forward. It seemed to me every feature<a name="page241" id="page241"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 241]</span> +of her face, every finger on her +hands, every gleam of eye and movement +of body was an appeal to the stern tribunal. +In the trembling, murmuring voice +that ran like a strain of sad, sweet music +through sunless gorges of grief, the great +audience read her plea for mercy and +wept. Some who could not restrain +their emotion sobbed aloud.</p> +<p> +When from the depths of solemn sound +that same voice arose like the swell of a +silver trumpet, and in clarion tones demanded +justice, cheer after cheer testified +to the power of the orator actress. Never +was there a sob of the sea more mournful, +than the voice of Sarah Bernhardt as +she played upon the harp strings of pity; +and never did words rush in greater +storm fury from human lips, than when +she demanded justice. No stop nor note +nor pedal nor key in the organ of speech +was left untouched by this genius in tragic +art.</p> +<p> +It would be well if every public speaker +could hear Sarah Bernhardt give that +defense of the Maid of Orleans. Indeed I +believe if the forensic eloquence of the +stage could be transferred to the pulpit +greater audiences and greater rewards<a name="page242" id="page242"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 242]</span> +would follow. If you doubt this, go read +the sermons of George Whitefield or the +lectures of John B. Gough and you will +wonder at their success unless you take +into consideration their mysterious power +of delivery.</p> +<p> +I cannot give you one sentence Madame +Bernhardt uttered, but I do know the influence +of that address remains with me +to this day and now and then I find myself +reaching out after the secret of oratory. +"It is not so much what you say as +how you say it," has become a proverb.</p> +<p> +Some years ago I lectured in an Iowa +village on a bitter cold evening. The rear +of the hall was up on posts. When introduced +there was only one inch between +my shoe soles and zero, while a cold wind +from a broken window struck the back +of my head. It occurred to me that if I +would play Bernhardt I might save a spell +of pneumonia.</p> +<p> +In a few moments I was pacing the +platform, swinging my arms and stamping +my feet to keep up circulation. I put +all the intensity, activity and personality +possible into one hour and left the platform.</p> +<a name="page243" id="page243"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 243]</span> +<p> +Returning to the hotel a commercial +traveler who had heard me a number of +times said: "I congratulate you; you get +younger. I never heard you put so much +life into your lecture."</p> +<p> +I replied: "Why man, I was trying to +keep my feet from freezing."</p> +<p> +He said: "I advise you to go on the +platform every evening with cold feet."</p> +<p> +John and Charles Wesley were going +along a street in London when they came +upon two market women engaged in a +wordy war. John Wesley said: "Hold +up, Charles, and let's learn how to preach. +See how these women put earnestness and +even eloquence into their street quarrel. +Can't we be just as earnest and eloquent +in dealing out the truth?" No wonder +John Wesley gave such impetus to the +platform.</p> +<p> +It is said what John Wesley and George +Whitefield were to the religious platform, +Fox and Burke became later on to the +political platform. They saw the platform +was fast becoming the voice of public +sentiment and dared to indorse it.</p> +<p> +When Mr. Fox made his first platform +address he said: "This is the first time +I ever had the privilege of addressing an +uncorrupted assembly." Going back into<a name="page244" id="page244"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 244]</span> +Parliament he said: "Let's put an end +to a policy that separates us from the people. +Let's cut all cables, snap all chains +that bind us to an unfriendly shore and +enter the peaceful harbor of public confidence."</p> +<p> +When Mr. Burke made his platform +debut, he was so inspired by the enthusiasm +of the people, it is said, he made the +greatest speech ever made in the English +language up to that time. When he appeared +in Parliament next evening a leader +of the government took occasion to denounce +the platform as a disturber of +public peace, directing his remarks to Mr. +Burke. The great orator was ready with +the reply: "Yes, and the firebell at midnight +disturbs public peace, but it keeps +you from burning in your beds."</p> +<p> +It would seem after years of fruitless +effort to silence the platform, Parliament +would accept it as a power for good and +give it wise direction. Yet we are informed +that in face of its growing popularity +when Henry Hunt attempted to +address an audience in a grove in England, +a regiment of cavalry charged the +grove. Eleven were killed and several +hundred wounded. Henry Hunt was<a name="page245" id="page245"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 245]</span> +thrown into prison, but when released later +one hundred thousand people welcomed +him to the streets of London.</p> +<p> +As well now had Parliament attempted +to prevent a London fog as to prohibit +platform meetings. John Bright said: +"When I consider these meetings of the +people, so sublime in their vastness and +resolution, I see coming over the hilltops +of time the dawning of a nobler and better +day for my country."</p> +<p> +It is our privilege to live in the good +day of which John Bright spoke. Yet +while a public speaker today is in no dread +of arrest or imprisonment for any decent +expression of opinion, the platform is not +without its hindrances; and some of these +will never be cured, while babies cry, +architects sacrifice acoustics to style, +young people do their courting in public, +janitors smother thoughts in foul air, and +milliners persist in building up artistic +barriers between speaker and audience.</p> +<p> +Here let me give a bit of advice to my +own sex. Gentlemen, when you purchase +a new hat, no matter if a ten dollar silk, +or a twenty dollar panama, do not attend +a lecture, and taking a seat in front of +some intelligent lady forget to remove<a name="page246" id="page246"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 246]</span> +your hat. The lady may want to see the +speaker's face, and he may need the inspiration +of her countenance, while you +are interfering with both. "A hint to +the wise is sufficient." This hint may not +be in accord with the advice of Paul, but +Paul never saw a twentieth century +"Merry Widow" hat. Then too, Paul was +already inspired and didn't need the inspiration +of human countenances. I am +speaking for the uninspired, to whom an +audience of hatless heads is an inspiration.</p> +<p> +But few persons realize how a public +speaker is affected by little influences. The +flitting of a blind bat over a church audience +on a summer evening, will mar the +most fascinating flight of eloquence ever +plumed from a pulpit.</p> +<p> +When Nancy Hanks broke the world's +trotting record at Independence, Iowa, +some years ago, her former owner, Mr. +Hart Boswell, of Lexington, who raised +and trained her, was asked if Nancy +would ever lower that record. He replied: +"Well, if the time comes that the +track is just right, the atmosphere just +right, the driver just right and Nancy +just right, I believe she will." See the<a name="page247" id="page247"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 247]</span> +combination. Break it anywhere and the +brave little mare would fail.</p> +<p> +Just so speakers are affected by conditions, +by acoustics, atmosphere, size and +temper of the audience, and the speaker's +own mental and physical condition. Many +a good sermon has been killed by a poor +sexton. Many a grand thought has perished +in foul air.</p> +<p> +Charles Spurgeon was preaching to a +large audience in a mission church in +London, when want of ventilation affected +speaker and audience. Mr. Spurgeon +said to a member of the church: "Brother, +lift that window near you."</p> +<p> +"It won't lift," replied the brother.</p> +<p> +"Then smash the glass and I'll pay the +bill to-morrow," said Spurgeon.</p> +<p> +Suppose the great horse Uhlan should +be announced to trot against his record; +suppose at the appointed time, with the +grandstand crowded and every condition +favorable, as the great trotting wonder +reached the first quarter pole, some one +were to run across the track just ahead +of the horse, then another and another; +what kind of a record would be made?</p> +<p> +What management would allow a horse +to be thus handicapped? Where is the<a name="page248" id="page248"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 248]</span> +man who would be so inconsiderate as to +thus hinder a horse? Yet when a minister +has worked while the world slept, that +he not only might sustain his record but +gather souls into the kingdom; when the +opening exercises have given sufficient +time for all to be present; when the text +is announced and the preacher is reaching +out after the attention and sympathy of +his audience some one enters the door, +walks nearly the full length of the aisle; +then another and then two more, each one +crossing the track of the preacher and yet +he is expected to keep up his record and +make good. If you are a friend of your +pastor be present when he announces his +text; give him your attention and thus +cheer him on as you would your favorite +horse.</p> +<p> +An eminent minister said: "There, I +had a good thought for you, but the creaking +of the new boots of that brother coming +down the aisle knocked it quite out +of my head."</p> +<p> +One who had heard me many times +said: "Why do you do better at Ocean +Grove than anywhere else I hear you?" +My answer was: "Because of conditions. +The great auditorium seats ten thousand,<a name="page249" id="page249"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 249]</span> +the atmosphere is invigorated by salt sea +breezes; a choir of five hundred sing the +audience into a receptive mood and the +speaker is borne from climax to climax +on wings of applause."</p> +<p> +I would not have you infer from this +that a large audience is always necessary +to success. Indeed the most successful +and satisfactory address I ever made was +to an audience of one. If I can make as +favorable an impression upon you as I did +upon that young lady I shall be gratified.</p> +<p> +In Pauling, New York, Chauncey M. +Depew by his attention and applause inspired +me more than the whole audience +beside; while time and again have I been +helped to do my best by the presence of +that matchless queen of the platform, +Frances E. Willard.</p> +<p> +The very opposite of greatness has had +the same effect upon me. At the Pontiac, +Illinois, Chautauqua after lecturing to a +great audience, I was invited by the superintendent +of the State Reformatory to +address the inmates of the prison. At the +close of a thirty minutes' talk the superintendent +said: "Your address to my boys +exceeded the one you gave at the Chautauqua."<a name="page250" id="page250"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 250]</span></p> +<p> +Why was it better? At the Chautauqua +I was trying to entertain and instruct an +intelligent audience. Within the grey +walls of that prison I was reaching down +to the very depths, endeavoring to lift up +human beings, marred and scarred by sin +and crime, but dear to the mothers who +bore them and the Savior who died for +them.</p> +<p> +If I were a preacher in New York City +and were announced to preach a sermon +on home missionary work I would not go +to the church by way of the mansions of +the rich where children, shod in satin +slippers dance and play over velvet tapestry, +but by way of the slums where I +would meet the children of misery, where,</p> + +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"To stand at night 'mid the city's throng,</p> +<p>And scan the faces that pass along,</p> +<p>Is to read a book whose every leaf</p> +<p>Is a history of woe and want and grief.</p> +<p>As in tears of sorrow and sin and shame,</p> +<p>You read a story of blight and blame,</p> +<p>Your heart goes further than hand can reach</p> +<p>And you feel a sermon you cannot preach."</p> +</div> +</div> +<a name="page251" id="page251"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 251]</span> +<p> +Whoever would prove worthy of the +platform must have a message and give to +it the devotion of mind, heart and conscience, +no matter whether his purpose is +to convince by reasoning, convert by appeal, +delight by rhetoric, or cure melancholy +by humor. Each has its useful influence +on the platform.</p> +<p> +Some persons have an impression that +the student deals in logic, while the orator +simply starts his tongue to running, and +goes off and leaves it to work automatically.</p> +<p> +Bishop Robert McIntyre was one of the +greatest pulpit orators of his age, yet I +dare say this gifted man gave as much +time and thought to his famous word +painting of the Chicago fire, as Joseph +Cook ever gave to mining any treasure of +thought he laid upon the altar of education.</p> +<p> +I know many teachers of oratory say: +"Study your subject, analyze it well, and +leave words to the inspiration of the occasion." +But suppose when the occasion +comes, instead of inspiration one has indigestion, +then what?</p> +<p> +While a speaker should not be so confined +to composition that he cannot reach +out after, and cage any passing bird of<a name="page252" id="page252"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 252]</span> +thought, yet as the leaf of the mulberry +tree must go through the stomach of a +silk-worm, before it can become silk, so +climaxes should be warped and woofed +into language before they can be forceful +and beautiful.</p> +<p> +At the Lincoln, Nebraska, Assembly +some years ago a noted humorist gave an +address on the "Philosophy of Wit." He +called oratory a lost art, and to prove his +contention he quoted from William Jennings +Bryan's famous Chicago convention +speech. He said: "What would a young +woman think of her lover who would say +'My darling, the crown of thorns shall +never be pressed down upon your fair +brow?'" The humorist expected applause +but it failed to materialize, for Mr. Bryan +is highly respected in his state and his +oratory is a charm wherever he is heard.</p> +<p> +The speaker not only exhibited poor +taste, but his wit was pointless, for when +a man can go before a convention of fourteen +hundred delegates and by one burst +of eloquence capture the convention, secure +the nomination for the presidency, +and then with the press and the leaders of +his party against him go up and down the +country, and from the rear of a railroad<a name="page253" id="page253"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 253]</span> +train, almost capture the White House, +the day of oratory is not gone by.</p> +<p> +Schriner, the great animal painter, +painted the picture of a bony mule eating +a tuft of hay. That picture sold in Petersburg, +Russia, for fifteen thousand dollars, +while the original mule sold for one +dollar and thirty cents. If the painting +of Schriner made in the price of that +mule, a difference of fourteen thousand, +nine hundred, ninety-eight dollars and +seventy cents why is not word painting +worth something?</p> +<p> +Listen, while I give you a short extract +from the address of James G. Blaine at +the memorial service of our martyr President +Garfield. With the audience wrought +up to the greatest sympathy by his tribute +he said:</p> +<p> +"Surely if happiness can come from +robust health, ideal domestic life and honors +of the world James A. Garfield was a +happy man that July morning. One moment +strong, erect with promise of peaceful, +useful years of life before him: The +next moment wounded, bleeding, helpless.</p> +<p> +"Through the days and weeks of agony +that followed, he saw his sun slowly sinking, +the plans and purposes of his life<a name="page254" id="page254"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 254]</span> +broken and the sweetest of household ties +soon to be severed.</p> +<p> +"Masterful in mortal weakness he became +the center of a nation's love, and enshrined +in the prayers of the Christian +world.</p> +<p> +"As the end drew near, his youthful +yearning for the sea returned. The White +House palace of power became a hospital +of pain. He begged to be taken from its +prison walls and stifling air.</p> +<p> +"Silently, tenderly the love of a great +people bore the pale sufferer to the longed-for +healing of the sea. There with +wan face lifted to the cooling breeze, he +looked wistfully out upon the changing +wonders of the ocean; its far-off sails +white in the morning light; its restless +waves rolling shoreward to break in +the noon-day sun; the red clouds of evening +arching low, kissing the blue lips of +the sea, and above the serene, silent pathway +to the stars.</p> +<p> +"Let us believe his dying eyes read a +mystic meaning only the parting soul can +know; that he heard the waves of the ebbing +tide of life breaking on the far-off +shore, and felt already upon his wasted +brow the calm, sweet breath of heaven's<a name="page255" id="page255"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 255]</span> +morning."</p> +<p> +Place behind these utterances the rich +voice and magnetic manner of the +"Plumed Knight" of the platform, and +you can realize what oratory means.</p> +<p> +If you will here pardon me for going +from the sublime to the ridiculous, I will +show you how a bit of a school boy rhetoric +may win its way over solid argument. +In the country school I attended, there +was a debating society. Parents as well +as their sons were admitted to the society +and the public was invited to the debates. +On one occasion the question for debate +was: "Which is the more attractive, the +works of nature or the works of art?"</p> +<p> +There had been an appeal from a general +debate and this time one speaker was +chosen from each side. My father was +chosen to represent the negative and I +the affirmative. My father was a good +speaker but so fond of facts he had no +use for rhetoric. I had the opening address +of thirty minutes, my father had +forty-five minutes and I had fifteen minutes +to close the debate.</p> +<p> +As father talked I wondered how he +ever got hold of so many facts. He piled +them up until my first address was swept<a name="page256" id="page256"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 256]</span> +away by the triumphs of art. The only +hope I had for the affirmative was in the +closing fifteen minutes. Fortunately for +me, the judge was a bachelor and very +much in love with a golden-haired, accomplished +young woman who lived in a +country home very near the schoolhouse, +and was then in the audience. In closing +the debate I referred to father's address +in a complimentary manner, and then +asked the judge to be seated in imagination +on a knoll nearby. On one side of +that knoll I placed all my father had +claimed for art, withholding nothing. On +the other side was the home of this Blue +Grass belle. I began a description of her +home and personality. I pictured "the orchard, +the meadow, the deep tangled wild-wood +and every loved spot" the judge +well knew. I pictured the brook that ran +through the meadow into the woodland +and on down the valley, singing as it ran,</p> + +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"I wind about and in and out,</p> + <p class="i2">With here a blossom sailing;</p> +<p>Here and there a lusty trout,</p> + <p class="i2">And here and there a grey-ling."</p> +</div> +</div> +<p> +When my time was half gone I felt I +was gone too unless I could get a little<a name="page257" id="page257"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 257]</span> +nearer the heart of the judge. Opening +the door art had made to shut in the flowers +of a lovely family I brought out the +golden-haired girl.</p> +<p> +Taking off the sun-bonnet of art, that +the good-night kisses of the sinking sun +might enrich her rosy cheeks and golden +tresses, I sent her strolling down the +winding walk hedged in by hawthorn and +hyacinth to the water's brink. Here I +gave her a cushion of blue-grass, and with +the rising moon pouring its shimmering +sheen upon the ripples at her feet, I sent +her voice floating away on the evening air +singing: "Roll on silver moon, guide the +traveler on his way." Here the audience +cheered, the judge smiled and I felt encouraged.</p> +<p> +With but two minutes left I had the +shapely fingers of nature, take out the +hair-pins of art and the golden tresses +fall about the snowy neck of nature. Then +came the untying of the shoe-strings of +art; off came the shoes and stockings of +art, and the pretty feet of nature were +dipping in the limpid stream. I said, +"Judge, the question is, which is the more +attractive, the works of nature or the +works of art? With my father's picture<a name="page258" id="page258"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 258]</span> +of steam engines, stage coaches, reapers, +binders, mowing machines and every +known triumph of art on one side; on the +other the highest type of the world's +creation, a beautiful woman, the stars of +nature stooping to kiss her brow, and +laughing waters of nature leaping to kiss +her feet; where your eyes would rest +there let your decision be given."</p> +<p> +After the debate a friend said to me: +"It was that last home picture that saved +you." My father who heard the remark +said, "Yes, a picture of a red-headed girl +washing her feet in a goose branch." I +may add, I was careful after the contest +not to get very near the young lady with +whom I had taken such platform liberty.</p> +<p> +Reason, rhetoric, pathos, poetry, diction, +gesture, wit and humor, each has its +place on the platform. While logic sounds +the depths of thought, humor ripples its +surface with laughing wavelets. While +reason cultivates the cornfields of the +mind, rhetoric beautifies the pleasure gardens.</p> +<p> +John B. Gough was the most popular +platform orator of his day. He began lecturing +at from two to five dollars an evening. +He grew in popularity until he was<a name="page259" id="page259"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 259]</span> +in demand at five hundred dollars a lecture, +and no one before or since more successfully +used all the arts of the platform, +from the comic that drew the very rabble +of the streets, to flights of eloquence that +captured college culture. It has been well +said: "While Gough was a great preacher +of righteousness, he was a whole theatre +in dramatic delivery." Lecturers, like +preachers, are fishers of men, and there +are as many kinds of people in an average +audience as there are kinds of fish in the +sea. It requires variety of bait for humanity +as well as for fish.</p> +<p> +Sam Jones used slang as one kind of +bait and he used to say: "It beats all how +it draws." I saw this verified at Ottawa, +Kansas, Chautauqua. Giving a Saturday +evening lecture he baited the platform +with slang, satire and humor. Sunday +afternoon an hour before time for his lecture +the people were hurrying to the auditorium. +When presented to the great audience +he said: "Record! Record! Record!" +I remember the sermon as one of +the sweetest and most powerful I ever +heard. Its influence will not cease this +side the eternal morning.</p> +<a name="page260" id="page260"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 260]</span> +<p> +Rowland Hill, the popular London +preacher, used quaint humor to draw the +people, and powerful appeal to sweep +them into the kingdom.</p> +<p> +It is said the fountain of laughter and +fountain of tears lie very close together. +My experience has been, that often the +best way to the fountain of tears is by the +way of the fountain of laughter. Some +years ago at Ocean Grove, New Jersey, I +was to lecture on the subject, "Boys and +Girls, Nice and Naughty." A wealthy +widow and her only son were there from +New York, where the young boy had been +leading a "gay life." Ocean Grove with +its quiet, moral atmosphere was a dull +place for this young man. He happened +to read the subject for the lecture on the +bulletin board, and thinking it suggestive +of humor he went to hear the lecture. He +had what he went for, as the lecture did +deal with the fountain of laughter, but it +also dealt with the fountain of tears. It +swung the red lantern of danger athwart +the pathway of the wayward young man. +Following a story of mother love, I said: +"Young man, let the cares and burdens of +life press you down to the very earth, let +the great waves of sorrow roll over your +soul, but let no act of yours ever roll a<a name="page261" id="page261"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 261]</span> +clod upon the coffin of her, whose image, +enshrined upon the inner walls of your +memory, white winters and long bright +summers can never wash away."</p> +<p> +A minister told me after, that in a +young people's meeting this young man +arose and said: "I attended a lecture at +Ocean Grove, thinking I would have a humorous +entertainment. I left the auditorium +the saddest soul in the great audience. +Going down to the beach I tried to +drive away the spell, but it grew upon me. +I could see how I had grieved my mother, +and the past came rolling up like the +waves of the ocean. I shuddered as they +broke on my awakened conscience and +quickened memory. Behind me was an +unhallowed past, and before me the brink +of an awful eternity. There and then I +resolved to change my course. Alone under +the stars I made my resolve and then +started to my mother. She was waiting +for me, and said: 'My son, I wished for +you at the lecture this evening. I think +you would have enjoyed it.' I then told +her I was determined to lead a new life +and had come to seal my vow with her +kiss."</p> +<a name="page262" id="page262"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 262]</span> +<p> +That young man went to the lecture to +laugh, he left to walk alone with God under +the stars by the ocean deep, there to +decide to lead a righteous life, and seal +the vow with a loving mother's kiss.</p> +<p> +So while in my humble way I have endeavored +to use the arts that entertain I +have cherished the purpose to better human +lives.</p> +<p> +I have referred to the platform as being +baited for humanity. Have you ever considered +how it is baited to resist the forces +of evil?</p> +<p> +The day was when Satan had an attraction +trust that controlled about the whole +output of entertainment. The platform +now is a picture gallery where is to be had +all beauty in nature, from our own land +to the land of the midnight sun.</p> +<p> +In moving pictures it presents to those +who never saw ship, sail or sea, the landing +of a great steamer, with splashing of +spray as real as if seen from the dock. +To those who enjoy music it furnishes +band concerts, orchestra, bell-ringing, +quartettes, solos, plantation melodies, +rag-time tunes and women whistlers.</p> +<p> +The platform today beats the devil in +output of entertainment. It has scoured +field and forest, trained birds and dogs<a name="page263" id="page263"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 263]</span> +to round out the program of a chautauqua.</p> +<p> +Its breadth takes in all creeds and +kinds. While it greets with waving lilies +Bishop Vincent, leader of the great chautauqua +movement, it cordially welcomes +the priest, the Jew, the Chinaman, the +negro, republican, democrat, progressive, +prohibitionist, socialist and suffragist.</p> +<p> +The platform has grown to be a great +university, a musical festival, a zoological +garden, an art institute, an agricultural +college and a domestic science school.</p> +<p> +Do you ask has the platform any blemishes? +I answer yes. All enterprises +have their blemishes. The press is a potent +power for good and yet many bad +things get into print. Sometimes from +the platform come voices without the +ring of sincerity, entertainments without +uplifting influence and anecdotes without +respect to public decency. When attending +platform entertainments one should +discriminate as when eating fish, enjoy +the meat and discard the bones. With +good taste in selection one rarely ever +need go away hungry.</p> +<a name="page264" id="page264"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 264]</span> +<p> +I am often asked: "Where do you find +the most appreciative audiences?"</p> +<p> +First, I would reply, in rural communities +where the people are not surfeited +with entertainment. Second, I would say, +applause does not always mean appreciation. +It is said "still water runs deep." +In Chickering Hall, New York, one Sunday +afternoon a lady sat before me whose +diamonds and dress indicated wealth. A +lad sat by her side. My subject was, +"The Safe Side of Life for Young Men." +It was a temperance address and the +thought came to me; that lady is a wine +drinker and she is disappointed that I am +to talk temperance. She did not cheer +with the audience, nor did she give any +expression of face that would indicate her +interest, except that she kept her eyes +fixed upon the speaker. At the close she +came to the platform and said: "I brought +my son with me and you said what I +wanted him to hear; I thank you," and +with this she took my hand saying, +"Again I thank you," and turning away, +left a coin in my hand.</p> +<p> +I put it in my pocket, and on returning +to the hotel found she had given me a +twenty dollar gold piece. That was gold +standard appreciation.</p> +<a name="page265" id="page265"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 265]</span> +<p> +I am frequently asked: "What do you +recall as the best introduction you ever +had?"</p> +<p> +I have had all kinds, some amusing, but +the one I cherish most was given by Ferd +Schumacher, the deceased oatmeal king of +Akron, Ohio. He came to this country +from Germany. By industry and economy +he accumulated enough money to engage +in making oatmeal. When he had +rounded up more than a million of dollars +in wealth, the insurance ran out on his +great "Jumbo Mills" in Akron. The insurance +company raised the rate and while +he was dickering with the company, the +great plant was swept away in a midnight +fire. Mr. Schumacher was a very earnest +temperance man and was to introduce +me for the W.C.T.U. in the large armory +the Sunday after the fire. It was +supposed he would not be present because +of the severe strain and his great loss. +But prompt to the minute he entered the +door, and 'mid the applause of sympathetic +friends he took the platform.</p> +<p> +In presenting the speaker he said: "Ladies +and schentlemen, I must be personal +for a moment while I thank the people of +Akron for their sympathy. I did not know +I had so many good friends. But the mill<a name="page266" id="page266"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 266]</span> +vot vos burned vos made of stone and +vood and nails and paint. We come to +talk to you about a fire vot is burning up +the homes, the hopes, the peace of vimen +and children and the immortal souls of +men; vill you please take your sympathy +off of Ferd Schumacher and give it to Mr. +Bain while he talks about the great fire +of intemperance."</p> +<p> +I am opposed to indiscriminate immigration +to this country, but if the old +world has any more Ferd Schumachers +desiring to come to America, may He who +rules winds and waves, fill with harmless +pressure the billows on which they ride +and give them safe entrance into our +country's haven.</p> +<p> +Many inquire of me about the lyceum +platform as a profession. My answer is: +"like the famed shield it has two sides." +One who has a lovely home and rarely +leaves it said to me: "I envy you your +life-work. You get to see the country, +visit the great cities, meet the best people +and get fat fees for your lectures." How +distance does lend enchantment to the +view sometimes!</p> +<p> +A few years ago we notified the bureaus +not to make engagements away from the<a name="page267" id="page267"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 267]</span> +railroads in the northwest during the +blizzard months. A letter came saying: +"Enter Wessington College, outside of +Woonsocket." We supposed outside meant +adjacent. Arriving at Woonsocket in a +blizzard I found Wessington seventeen +miles away. Wrapped in robes I made +the drive, arriving about six o'clock in the +evening. On arrival I was informed that +smallpox had broken out in the village. +The hotel had been quarantined but a +room had been engaged for me in a private +home. While taking my supper my +hostess said: "Would you know smallpox +if you were to see the symptoms?"</p> +<p> +"Know what? Why do you ask that?" +I asked.</p> +<p> +She called attention to the face of her +daughter who was serving the supper. +One glance and my appetite fled, as I said: +"Excuse me, please. I must get ready for +my lecture," and I left the room. One +hour later I stood before a vaccinated audience +with visions of smallpox floating +before me, and for days after I imagined +I could feel it coming.</p> +<p> +Add to this experience midnight rides +on freight trains, long drives in rain, mud +and storm, ten minutes for lunch at sandwich<a name="page268" id="page268"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 268]</span> +counter, eight months of the year +away from home—the only heaven one +who loves his family has on earth, and +you have a taste of the side my neighbor +did not see.</p> +<p> +There is, however, a bright side. Whoever +can get the ear of the public from the +platform, has an opportunity to sow seed, +the fruit of which will be gathered by angels +when he has gone to his reward. One +so long on the platform as I have been, +cannot fail in having experiences that +gladden the heart, if he has done faithful +service.</p> +<p> +Out of hundreds I select one experience +that should encourage all who labor in the +Master's vineyard. I had traveled two +hundred miles in a day to reach an engagement, +and the last seven miles in a +buggy over a miserable road. I did not +reach the village until nine o'clock. Without +supper and chilled by the ride, I threw +off my wraps and wearily made my way +through the lecture. A little later in my +room at the hotel, while I was taking a +lunch of bread and milk, a minister entered +and said: "You seem to be very +tired." When I answered, "Never more +so," he replied: "I have a story to tell you<a name="page269" id="page269"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 269]</span> +which will perhaps rest you."</p> +<p> +Continuing he said: "Some twenty +years ago, you lectured in a village where +there was a state normal school. It was +Sunday evening. At the hotel were three +young men, and to see the girls of the college, +these young men went to the lecture. +One was the only son of a wealthy widow. +He had not seen his mother for +months. She had begged him to come +home, but he was sowing his wild oats +and ashamed to face his mother. That +evening you made an earnest appeal to +young men in the name of home and +mother. The arrow went to the heart of +the wild young fellow. On returning to +the hotel he said to his companions: +'Come up to my room, let's have a talk.' +On entering the room he closed the door +and said: 'Boys, I want to open my heart +to you. I am overwhelmed with a sense +of wrong-doing. I am done with the saloon, +done with the gambling table, done +with evil associations. I am going home +to-morrow and make mother happy. +Boys, let's join hands and swear off from +drink and evil habits; let's honor our +manhood and our mothers.'</p> +<a name="page270" id="page270"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 270]</span> +<p> +"Now for the sequel that I think will +rest you. That wild boy is now a wealthy +man. I give you his name, though I would +not have you call it in public. He is a +Christian philanthropist, and has never +broken his pledge. The second boy holds +the highest office in the gift of this government +in a western territory, and the +third stands before you now, an humble +minister of the gospel."</p> +<p> +It did rest me. I would rather have +been the humble instrument in turning +those three young men to a righteous +life, than to wear the brightest wreath +that ever encircled a stateman's brow.</p> +<p> +For such men as Sylvester Long, Roland +A. Nichols, Robert Parker Miles and +Bishop Robert McIntyre to tell me my +lectures helped to shape their lives, fills +my soul with joy as I face the setting sun.</p> +<p> +Chance, the noted English engineer, +built a thousand sea-lights, shore-lights +and harbor-lights. When in old age he +lay dying, a wild storm on the sea seemed +to revive him by its association with his +life-work. He said to the watchers: "Lift +me up and let me see once more the ocean +in a storm."</p> +<p> +As he looked out, the red lightning +ripped open the black wardrobe of the<a name="page271" id="page271"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 271]</span> +firmament, and he saw the salted sea +driven by the fury of the hurricane into +great billows of foam. Sinking back upon +his pillows his last words were: +"Thank God, I have been a lighthouse +builder, and though the light of my life is +fast fading, the beams of my lighthouse +are brightening the darkness of many a +sailor's night."</p> +<p> +When my life-work closes, and my platform +experiences are ended, I would ask +no better name than that of an humble +lighthouse builder, who here and there +from the shore-points of life's ocean, has +sent out a friendly beam, to brighten the +darkness of some brother's night.</p> + +<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /> +<a name="page273" id="page273"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 273]</span> +<a name="VII" id="VII"></a> +<h3>VII</h3> +<br /> +<h2>THE DEFEAT OF THE NATION'S DRAGON.</h2> +<br /><br /> + +<p> +Joseph Cook said in one of his Boston +lectures: "Whenever the temperance +cause has attempted to fly with one wing, +whether moral suasion or legal suasion, +its course has been a spiral one. It will +never accomplish its mission in this world, +until it strikes the air with equal vans, +each wing keeping time with the other, +both together winnowing the earth of the +tempter and the tempted."</p> +<p> +I congratulate the friends of temperance +upon the progress both wings have +made since the beginning of their flight.</p> +<p> +The first temperance pledge we have +any record of ran thus: "I solemnly promise +upon my word of honor I will abstain +from everything that will intoxicate, except +at public dinners, on public holidays +and other important occasions." The first +prohibitory law was a local law in a village +on Long Island and ran thus: "Any +man engaged in the sale of intoxicating +liquors, who sells more than one quart of +rum, whiskey or brandy to four boys at<a name="page274" id="page274"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 274]</span> +one time shall be fined one dollar and two +pence."</p> +<p> +A sideboard without brandy or rum was +an exception, while the jug was imperative +at every log-raising and in the harvest +field. It was said of even a Puritan +community,</p> + +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"Their only wish and only prayer,</p> +<p>In the present world or world to come,</p> +<p>Is a string of Eels and a jug of rum."</p> +</div> +</div> +<p> +When Doctor Leonard Bacon was installed +pastor of the First Congregational +Church in New Haven, Conn., in 1825, +free drinks were ordered at the bar of the +hotel, for all visiting members, to be paid +for by the church. Today all protestant +churches declare against the drink habit +and the drink sale. Pulpits are thundering +away against the saloon. Children are +studying the effects of alcohol upon the +human system in nearly every state in the +Union. Train loads of literature are pouring +into the homes of the people. A +mighty army of as godly women as ever +espoused a cause is battling for the home, +against the saloon. The business world is +demanding total-abstainers, and fifty +millions of people in the United States are<a name="page275" id="page275"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 275]</span> +living under prohibitory laws.</p> +<p> +Not only in this but in every civilized +land the cause of temperance is growing. +Recently in France it was found there +were more deaths than births, which +meant France was dying. A commission +was appointed to look into the causes. +When the report was made, alcohol headed +the list. Now by order of the government +linen posters are put up in public +buildings, and on these in blood red +letters are these warnings: "Alcohol dangerous; +alcohol chronic poison; alcohol +leads to the following diseases; alcohol is +the enemy of labor; alcohol disrupts the +home!"</p> +<p> +Who would have thought an Emperor +of Germany would ever "go back" on +beer? Emperor William in an address to +the sailors recommended total-abstinence +and forbid under penalty the giving of +liquor to soldiers in the world's greatest +war. The Czar of Russia has put an end +to the government's connection with the +manufacture of intoxicating liquors, and +our Secretary of the Navy has banished +it from the ships and navy yards. The +New York Sun says: "The business world +is getting to be one great temperance<a name="page276" id="page276"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 276]</span> +league." For many years it was confined +to the realm of morals, but today it is recognized +as a great economic question and +the business world is joining the church +world in solving the liquor problem.</p> +<p> +While the temperance cause has been +going up in character, the drink has been +going down in quality. The old time distiller +used to select his site along some +crystal stream, that had its fountain-head +in the mountains and ran over beds of +limestone. With sound grain and pure +water, he made several hundred barrels +of whiskey a year, and after five to ten +years of ripening, it was sent out with the +makers' brand upon it. Now the North +American of Philadelphia, one of our leading +dailies says, rectifiers (and I would +prefix one letter and make it w-r-e-c-k-t-i-f-i-e-r-s) +take one barrel from the distillery +and by a pernicious, poisonous process, +make one hundred barrels from one +barrel.</p> +<p> +It is true the sting of the adder and the +bite of the serpent were in the old-time +whiskey, but it was as pure as it could be +made. Doctor Wiley, Ex-Chief of the Bureau +of Chemistry, says: "Eighty-five per +cent. of all the whiskey sold in the saloons,<a name="page277" id="page277"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 277]</span> +hotels and club-rooms is not whiskey +at all but a cheap base imitation." In +the different concoctions made are found +aconite, acquiamonia, angelica root, arsenic, +alum, benzine, belladonna, beet-root +juice, bitter almond, coculus-indicus, +sulphuric acid, prussic acid, wood alcohol, +boot soles and tobacco stems. No wonder +we have more murders in this republic +than in any civilized land beneath the sky +in proportion to population.</p> +<p> +Along with this adulteration of the +drink has gone the degeneracy of the saloon +and the seller. The day was when +officers in churches could sell liquor and +retain their membership. Today the saloonkeeper +is barred from the protestant +churches, barred from Masons, Odd Fellows, +Knights of Pythias, Red Men, Woodmen, +Maccabees and nearly every other +fraternal organization of the world.</p> +<p> +The saloon itself has become such a vicious +resort, that when the police look for +a murderer they go to the saloon. When +any vile character is sought for, the saloon +is searched. When anarchists meet to +plan for a Hay-market murder in Chicago, +they meet in the saloon. When an assassin +plans to shoot down our President at<a name="page278" id="page278"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 278]</span> +an exposition, he goes from the saloon. +When a fire breaks out in Chicago or Boston +the first order is, close the saloons. +Don't close any other business house, but +close the saloon. If a mob threatens Pittsburg, +Cincinnati, or Atlanta, close the saloons. +If an earthquake strikes San Francisco, +close the saloons. In our large cities +gambling rooms are attached to the +saloons with wine rooms above for women, +and while our boys are being ruined +downstairs, girls are destroyed upstairs.</p> +<p> +There are many thousands of women in +painted shame, who would now be safe inside +life's Eden of purity but for the saloon. +The South Side Club of Chicago +said in 1914: "The back rooms of four +hundred and forty-five saloons on only +three streets of this city contribute to the +delinquency of fourteen thousand girls every +twenty-four hours." Is it any wonder +the saloons hide behind green blinds or +stained glass windows?</p> +<p> +There is a fish in the sea known as the +"Devil Fish." It lies on its back with open +mouth and covers itself with sea moss. +Over its open mouth is a bait. When an +unsuspecting fish nibbles at the bait, with +a quick snap it is caught and devoured.<a name="page279" id="page279"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 279]</span> +Do you see any analogy between this fish +and a certain business that hides itself +behind painted windows or green blinds +and hangs out a bait of "free lunch" or +"Turtle Soup"? A fish that sets a trap +for its kind is called a "Devil Fish;" a +business that does the like is recognized as +a legitimate trade and permitted for the +sake of revenue.</p> +<p> +Every other recognized business has improved +in quality with the years. The saloon +has grown worse and worse, until it +is bad and only bad; bad in the beginning, +bad in the middle, bad in the end, bad inside, +outside, upside, downside. It is so +bad, the liquor dealers are the only business +men who are ashamed to put on exhibition +their finished products. In great +expositions other trades present finished +wares. They do not display the tools used +in making what they present for exhibition +but the finished goods. Not so with +the liquor dealers; they put on exhibition +the tools with which they work, but not a +single specimen of the finished product of +their trade do they present for inspection.</p> +<p> +"That's a fine fit of clothes you have, +sir." "Yes," says the tailor, "I put up that +job; glad you like my work."</p> +<a name="page280" id="page280"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 280]</span> +<p> +"That's a fine building across the way." +"Yes," says the architect, "that's my job +and I am quite proud of it."</p> +<p> +"That's a handsome bonnet you wear, +madam." "Yes," says the milliner, "that's +my creation of style and I am rather +proud of my work."</p> +<p> +Yonder is a man intoxicated. He staggers +and falls; his head strikes the curb-stone; +the blood besmears his face; the police +lift him up and start with him to the +station house. Did you hear a saloon +keeper say: "That's my creation; I put up +that job and I'm proud of my work."</p> +<p> +Some one said recently in defense of the +business: "The saloon keeper deserves +more consideration." This writer should +know that consideration has been the +source of its undoing. Lord Chesterfield +considered it and said: "Drink sellers are +artists in human slaughter." Senator +Morrill, of Maine, considered and pronounced +it "the gigantic crime of all +crimes." Senator Long, of Massachusetts +considered it and called it "the dynamite +of modern civilization." Henry W. Grady, +our brilliant southerner, considered it and +said: "It is the destroyer of men, the terror +of women and the shadow on the face +of childhood. It has dug more graves and<a name="page281" id="page281"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 281]</span> +sent more souls to judgment than all the +pestilences since Egypt's plague, or all the +wars since Joshua stood before the walls +of Jericho." The New York Tribune considered +it and said: "It's the clog upon the +wheels of American progress." The Bible +considered it and compares its influence +to the bite of serpents, the sting of +adders, the poison of asps, and heaps the +woes of God's will upon it.</p> +<p> +Sam Jones said: "When the Bible says +<i>woe</i>, you better stop," and as certain as +seed time brings harvest it will stop, not +because of the Woman's Christian Temperance +Union, or the Anti-Saloon League, +or the Prohibition Party, but because afar +back in the blue haze of the past the seed +of prohibition was planted in the soil of +Divine truth.</p> +<p> +Ever since God declared woe against +the evils of mankind, the batteries of the +holy Bible have been trained upon the +"wine that gives its color in the cup," and +the man who "giveth his neighbor drink +and maketh him drunken also."</p> +<p> +It <i>will</i> stop, because error cannot stand +agitation. Whoever espouses the cause of +error must evade facts, falsify figures, +libel logic, tangle his tongue or pen with<a name="page282" id="page282"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 282]</span> +contradictions and wind up in confusion.</p> +<p> +The able editor of the Courier Journal +of Kentucky came to the defense of this +error, and with all his brilliancy and culture, +he resorted to personal abuse of temperance +workers, <i>because he could not occupy +a higher plane in defense of the saloon</i>. +He made up what he called an +"ominum gatherum," of "bigots," "hay-seed +politicians," "fake philosophers," +"cranks," "scamps," "professional sharps," +"mad caps of destruction," "preachers who +would sell corner lots in heaven," "a riff-raff +of moral idiots and red-nosed angels."</p> +<p> +I could hardly believe my own eyes +when I read this frantic phillipic from one +I had esteemed so highly for his intellect; +one whose element is up where eagles +soar, and not down where baser birds +feast upon rotten spots in a world of +beauty. Only a few days before I had +read his beautiful tribute to Lincoln, delivered +at the unveiling in Hodgenville, in +which he said of the great emancipator: +"He never lost his balance or tore a passion +to tatters," yet the finished orator +who paid the tribute, when he espouses +the cause of error, flies into a paroxysm +of passion and tears the dignity of his<a name="page283" id="page283"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 283]</span> +own self-control into shreds.</p> +<p> +Knowing as I do the culture, refinement +and polished manners of the great journalist, +I wondered what aggravating force +could have so unbalanced his mental +scales and led him to so bitterly denounce +those, whose only offense is, trying to do +what Lincoln did, abolish an evil. If this +resourceful writer were only converted +to the truth on this question, what an +"ominum gatherum" he could make from +the work of the saloon curse.</p> +<p> +The clergymen, called "canting, diabolical +preachers," deserve more respectful +consideration from one who well knows +their sincerity. They are men of brains, +heart and conscience; men who believe +that righteousness rather than revenue +exalts a nation, and that sin, no matter +how much money invested in it, is a reproach +to any people. These ministers +believe it to be morally wrong to convert +God's golden grain into what debases +mankind. They preach that what is morally +wrong can never be made politically +right. With them it is a matter of deep, +permanent conviction. Such attacks are +made to divert attention from the accused +at the bar of public opinion.</p> +<a name="page284" id="page284"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 284]</span> +<p> +It is the saloon that is on trial, not +cranks, or moral idiots, or ministers. +The saloon is charged with being the enemy +of every virtue and ally of every vice, +that it injures public health, public peace +and public morals. The Supreme Court +says: "No legislature has the right to barter +away public health, public peace or +the public morals; the people themselves +cannot do so, much less their servants."</p> +<p> +In face of this declaration of the Supreme +Court, legislators do barter away +public health, public peace and public +morals to the organized liquor traffic. All +along the cruel career of this enemy of +peace, health and morals, it has been +pampered and petted by politicians who +have been as much charmed by its promise +of votes, as was Eve in the Garden of +Eden by the serpent's assurance. Deceived +by the serpent of the still, they have +not only disregarded the decision of the +Supreme Court but defied God's plan of +dealing with sin. They have persisted in +trying to regulate an irregularity in morals +by licensing the greatest sin of the +century, and have done so to their shame +and failure in any regulation effort ever +made. The only way to cure chills is to +kill the malaria. The only way to cure<a name="page285" id="page285"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 285]</span> +the cursed liquor traffic is to cast it out +of our civilization by a universal, everlasting +prohibition of the manufacture, +importation and sale of intoxicating liquor.</p> +<p> +Rev. Howard Crosby, of New York, in +advocating high license as a means of reducing +the number of saloons, said in an +address: "Suppose a tiger were to get +loose in the city, would you not confine +him to a few blocks rather than let him +roam the city at large?" Some one in the +audience answered aloud: "No Doctor, we +would kill the tiger."</p> +<p> +How does regulation regulate? Take +the city of Louisville, Ky., where I resided +a number of years, and where I observed +the practical working of the license +system. Go there any Monday morning +and you will see from twenty to forty +men and women in the cage next to the +Police Court room. A marshal stands at +the door of the cage and takes them out +one at a time. You will hear the judge +say: "ten dollars and cost," which means +thirty days in the workhouse. Forty days +pass and here is the same man in the Police +Court: thirty days to serve his time, +ten days to get a little money and then another<a name="page286" id="page286"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 286]</span> +drunk. Some do not know how many +times they have been before the court. I +was there one day when an Irishman was +arraigned. The Judge said: "Pat, how +many times have you been before this +court?"</p> +<p> +"Faith, and your books will tell ye," replied +the Irishman. Judge Price, the police +judge at the time, said to me: "There +are a number of men, and several women +I know in this city, who pass through the +courtroom on their way to the workhouse +so regularly, I can guess within a few +days of the time they will appear." They +pass like buckets at a fire, going up full +and returning empty.</p> +<p> +There is an asylum in this country +where, I am told, they test a man's insanity +in this way. They have a trough +which holds one hundred gallons of water. +Above is an open tap through which +the water pours constantly, and of course +the trough keeps on running over. The +patient is brought to the trough, given a +bucket and told to dip out the water. If +he dips all day and has not mind enough +to turn off the tap, he is considered a very +serious case. If this test were put to our +license lawmakers, I fear they would have<a name="page287" id="page287"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 287]</span> +to go to the incurable ward. They have +for many years been picking up drunkards +from the gutters and opening taps +for them to keep on pouring into the +streets. Under this system the saloon +keepers are playing ten-pins. You know +in playing ten-pins there is a long alley, +at one end of which stand the pins, while +at the other stands the player with a ball +in his hand. He rolls the ball down the +alley and knocks down the pins. Some +one sets them up, and to that some one, +who is often a boy, the player will toss a +dime and say: "set them up quick." Does +he let them stand? No! he rolls the ball +down the alley and down go the pins. +The saloon keeper has the ball of law in +his hands. No matter whether a high or +low license ball, he paid the price for the +use of the ball. When temperance workers +set up drunkards and they get a little +money in their pockets away goes the ball +and they are down again. When a church +revival picks up a few drunkards the saloon +keeper will say: "Here's a dollar to +help in your meeting." Then in his mind +he says: "Set up the drunkards who are +out of employment and money, get them +positions, and when they can earn money<a name="page288" id="page288"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 288]</span> +again, again I'll bowl them down." Under +the license system the saloon is playing +ten-pins with temperance associations, +ten-pins with the church and ten-pins +with society. I have faith to believe +the time is drawing near when the balls +will be confiscated and the pins can stand +when we do set them up.</p> +<p> +I know many have not this faith because +they believe prohibitory laws are +failures. They base their belief on the +violation of the law. By that rule everything +is a failure. Married life is a failure; +its laws are grossly violated. Home +life is a failure; there are many miserable +homes. The school is a failure; many a +father has put thousands of dollars into +the education of his son and found it +wasted in riotous living. The church is a +failure; many of its members are Christians +only in name and not a few are +hypocrites. But we know by the loyal, loving +husbands and wives of every community +that married life is not a failure. We +know by the happy homes about us, with +sweetest of household ties binding the +family circle, that home life is not a failure. +We know by the education that has +refined our civilization, that the school is<a name="page289" id="page289"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 289]</span> +not a failure. We know by the redeemed +of earth and saved in heaven the church +is not a failure, and we are convinced by +the organized opposition to prohibitory +laws by distillers, brewers, saloon keepers, +gamblers and harlots that prohibition +is not a failure.</p> +<p> +If prohibition is a failure in Kansas as +license advocates charge, then governors, +ex-governors, attorney generals, jailers, +mayors and judges of Kansas are falsifiers. +If prohibition is a failure in Kansas +why has the state grown to be the +richest per capita in the Union, why are +so many jails empty, so many counties +without a pauper and why, according to +the brewers' year book of 1910, was the +consumption of liquor in Kansas one dollar +and sixty cent per capita and in a +neighbor license state twenty-two dollars +per capita?</p> +<p> +Along with the absurd statement that +prohibition is a failure, comes the warning +of the president of the Model License +League to the business men of the country, +that unless the tide of prohibition is +arrested it will "kill our cities." "Blessed +are the dead that die in the Lord."</p> +<a name="page290" id="page290"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 290]</span> +<p> +In a local option contest a prominent +business man said to me: "I do not use +liquor but I am in doubt about how I +should vote on the question." When I +asked; "What's your trouble?" he answered: +"We have six saloons in this little +city and the license fee is one thousand +dollars; how are we to run the city without +the six thousand dollars?" When I +informed him that the six saloons took +from the people eighty thousand dollars +a year, he agreed it was a reasonable estimate. +I said: "Don't you know those +who spend their money for drink, if they +did not spend it over the saloon bars, +would spend it over the counters of merchants +who sell clothing, food, fuel and +furniture?" If you merchants could take +in eighty thousand dollars, couldn't you +pay out six thousand and not get hurt? If +you can't see that you are no better business +man than was Horace Greeley a farmer. +He purchased a pig for one dollar, +kept it two years, fed it forty dollars +worth of corn and sold it for nine dollars. +He said: "I lost money on the corn but +made money on the hog." So, many business +men see the revenue from the license +fee but can't see the cost.</p> +<a name="page291" id="page291"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 291]</span> +<p> +Suppose on one side of a street the +business houses are all bad, in that they +consume money and give worse than nothing +in return; and on the other side they +are all good, in that they give an honest +equivalent for the money they receive; +can't you see if the bad side is closed, the +money that went to the bad side goes to +the good, and can you not see only good +can come of such a change?</p> +<p> +There are three things prohibition of +the saloon does that are illustrated by the +story told of an Irishman who said: "I did +three good things today."</p> +<p> +"What did you do, Pat?"</p> +<p> +"I saw a woman crying in front of a +cathedral. She had a baby in her arms, +and I said: 'Madam, what are you crying +about?'</p> +<p> +"She said: 'I had two dollars in me +handkerchief and came to have me baby +christened but I lost the money.'</p> +<p> +"I said: 'Don't cry, Madam, here is a ten +dollar bill; go get the baby christened and +bring me the change.' She went, and soon +after returned and handed me eight silver +dollars."</p> +<p> +"Well," said the friend, "I don't see any +three good things in that."</p> +<a name="page292" id="page292"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 292]</span> +<p> +"Ye don't! Didn't I dry the woman's +tears, didn't I save the baby's soul, and +didn't I get rid of a ten dollar counterfeit +bill and get eight good silver dollars in +return?"</p> +<p> +That is what prohibition of the saloon +does for a community. It dries woman's +tears, saves human souls, gets rid of a +counterfeit business and puts good business +instead.</p> +<p> +Is it a counterfeit business? It has been +well said, "Go into the butcher stall and +you get meat for money, into the shoe +store and you get shoes for money, but go +into the saloon and the bargain is all on +one side. It's bar-gain on one side and +bar-loss on the other; ill-gotten gains on +one side, mis-spent wages on the other, a +mess of pottage on one side and the birthright +of some mother's boy on the other."</p> +<p> +A great wail is going up from the advocates +of the liquor traffic that statewide +prohibition means the destruction of +immense vested interests and dire results +will follow.</p> +<p> +"This our craft is in danger," has ever +been the cry against reforms or changes +in civilization since the "Shrine Makers of +Ephesus."</p> +<a name="page293" id="page293"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 293]</span> +<p> +When slavery was abolished it was +said: "This means ruin to the South! +Such a confiscation of property, with every +slave set free to beg at the white +man's gate, crushes every vestige of +hope, and five hundred years will not +bring relief." Only fifty years have passed +and the South is richer than ever in +her history.</p> +<p> +Justice Grier of the Supreme Court +said: "If loss of revenue should accrue +to the United States from a diminished +consumption of ardent spirits, she will be +the gainer a thousandfold in health, +wealth and happiness of the people."</p> +<p> +If this is true, then this question is not +only a great moral question but also a tremendous +economic problem.</p> +<p> +If production should be for use and not +for abuse, the existence of breweries and +distilleries are without excuse.</p> +<p> +If one should be rewarded on the basis +of service, the saloon keeper has no claim +for even tolerance, much less reward.</p> +<p> +If labor is the basis of value, men who +live by selling liquor to their fellowmen +are leaches on the body politic, and Ishmaels +in the commercial world.</p> +<p> +The claim that the liquor business is a +benefit to a community or to the country<a name="page294" id="page294"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 294]</span> +is in harmony with the assertion that war +is a "biological necessity" and a "stimulating +source of development."</p> +<p> +General Sherman said: "War is hell." +Certainly the one now raging between the +leading nations of the old world is a hell +of carnage. And yet intemperance has +destroyed more lives than all the wars of +the world since time began. It has added +to the death of the body the eternal death +of the soul and then the sum of its ravages +is not complete until is added more broken +hearts, more blasted hopes, desolate +homes, more misery and shame than from +any source of evil in the world. If what +Sherman said of war is true, and the +liquor curse is worse than war, how can +this government hope to escape punishment +for raising revenue from a business +so abominable and wicked?</p> +<p> +A heathen emperor when appealed to +for a tax on opium as a source of revenue +said: "I will not consent to raise the revenue +of my country upon the vices of its +people." Yet this Christian republic, +claiming the noblest civilization of the +earth, is found turning the dogs of appetite +and avarice loose upon the home life +of the republic that gold may clink in<a name="page295" id="page295"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 295]</span> +its treasury. The politician's excuse for +this compromise with earth's greatest destroyer +is, it can never be prohibited and +therefore regulation and revenue is the +best policy.</p> +<p> +I can well remember when the same +was said of slavery. With billions of dollars +invested in slaves, with a united +South behind it and the North divided, it +could never be abolished. At that time +the prospect for the overthrow of slavery +was far less than the prospect of national +prohibition today. I own I was among +those who said "slavery cannot be destroyed." +Now I am one of the reconstructed. +I'm like the pig I used to read +of, "When I lived I lived in clover, and +when I died I died all over."</p> +<p> +During the Civil War Union soldiers arrested +several of my neighbors and took +them to a northern prison. My southern +blood was aroused. I said: "Let a Yankee +soldier come to take me and he will +never take another Kentuckian." Then +my mother was alarmed. She knew how +brave her boy was. A few days later I +met a squad of Yankee cavalry on the +road near our home. They said "Halt!" +and I halted. They said "Surrender!" I<a name="page296" id="page296"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 296]</span> +did so, and mother did not hear of any +blood being shed.</p> +<p> +Again a half-drunk Union soldier rode +up to our gate and said: "Who lives +here?" When I answered, he asked: "Can +your mother get supper for fourteen soldiers +in thirty minutes?" "No, sir, she +cannot," I replied. Drawing a pistol, the +mouth of which looked like a cannon's +mouth to me, he said: "Maybe you have +changed your mind." I had, and that +supper was ready with several minutes to +spare. We can, and we <i>will</i> stop the liquor +business. I am amazed, however, to +find so many intelligent men of the North +advocating the same policy on this liquor +problem the South adopted on the slavery +question, which cost her so severely. I +find the same effect revenue in slaves had +upon the consciences of the tax-payers of +the South, high-license revenue from saloons +is having upon the consciences of +tax-payers in the North.</p> +<p> +In the early days of slavery, when +wealth in the institution was very limited, +the conscience of the South was against +slavery. Old Virginia, when a colony, appealed +to King George to remove the +threatening danger from her borders. It<a name="page297" id="page297"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 297]</span> +was the voice of a General Lee of Virginia +that was lifted against slavery in the +House of Burgesses. But with the passing +of time slaves grew in value, until a +slave in the South reached about the price +of a saloon license now in the North. +Then the conscience of the South quieted +and slavery was justified by press, politics +and pulpit. There is a remarkable +analogy between the effect of a thousand +dollar slave upon the conscience of South +Carolina and a thousand dollar saloon +upon the conscience of Massachusetts. +The South paid the penalty of her mistaken +policy; the North will reap its reward +in retribution, if it persists in making +the price of a saloon in the North the +same as the price of a slave in the South. +When the value of a world is profitless +compared with the worth of a soul then +even if every saloon were a Klondyke of +gold this republic could not afford to legalize +the liquor business for revenue.</p> +<p> +I believe my northern friends will permit +me to press home a little further the +lesson of southern slavery. The phase I +would impress is that any question that +has a great moral principle involved is +never settled until it is settled right. We<a name="page298" id="page298"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 298]</span> +tried to regulate slavery but it wouldn't +regulate. First it was decided that the +importation of slaves should cease in +twenty years. Did that settle it? Next +came the Missouri compromise, "Thus far +shalt thou go and no farther." Politicians +said: "Now it's settled." But a fanatic +in Boston name Garrison said: "It +is not settled." Daniel Webster, as intellectual +as some of our high license advocates +of today said to Lloyd Garrison: +"Stop the agitation of this question or you +will bring trouble on the country; the +compromise is made and the question is +settled." Lloyd Garrison replied: "I don't +care what compromise you've made; you +may pull down my office, pitch my type +into the sea, and hound me through the +streets of Boston, but you will never settle +the slavery question until you settle +it right."</p> +<p> +It kept breaking out despite all legislative +restrictions. At last Columbia with +one hand on her head, and the other on +her heart, began to reel on her throne, +and Abraham Lincoln seized his pen and +signed the proclamation, "Universal +Emancipation." Then the whole world +said: "It's forever settled." So the liquor<a name="page299" id="page299"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 299]</span> +question will be settled as was the slavery +question, by the universal, everlasting +abolition of the manufacture, sale and importation +of intoxicating liquor in this +country.</p> +<p> +High license is another Missouri Compromise. +If you have the drink you'll +have the drunkenness. If you have the +cause you will have the effect. If you +have the positive you will have the superlative: +Positive drink, comparative drinking, +superlative drunkenness. You may +try high-tax and low-tax but all the time +you will have sin-tax and more sin than +tax.</p> +<p> +You do not change the nature of the +drink by the price of a license, the kind of +a place in which it is sold or the character +of the man who sells it. Put a pig +in a parlor; feed him on the best the marflet +affords, give him a feather bed in +which to sleep, keep him there till he's +grown and he'll be a hog. You don't +change the nature of the pig by the elegant +surroundings; you may change the +condition of the parlor.</p> +<p> +There is but one solution of the liquor +problem and that is a nation-wide prohibitory +law and behind the law a political<a name="page300" id="page300"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 300]</span> +power in sympathy with the law and +pledged to its enforcement.</p> +<p> +Many admit the principle is correct but +insist we should wait until public sentiment +is powerful enough to enforce the +law. If grand ideas had waited for public +sentiment Moses would never have +given the commandments to the world. If +grand ideas had waited for public sentiment, +we would still be back in the realm +of the dark ages, instead of in the light of +our present civilization; back in the dim +twilight of the tallow-dip instead of the +brightness of the electric light; back with +the ox team instead of the speed of the +steam engine, automobile and aeroplane; +and on the temperance question back to +where a liquor dealer could advertise his +business on gravestones. On a tomb in +England are these words:</p> +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"Here lies below in hope of Zion,</p> +<p>The landlord of the Golden Lion,</p> +<p>His son keeps up the business still,</p> +<p>Obedient to his country's will."</p> +</div> +</div> +<p> +Years ago a friend said to me: "I admire +your zeal, but I wonder at your faith +when you are in such a miserable minority." +My reply was: "Are minorities always<a name="page301" id="page301"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 301]</span> +wrong or hopeless? How would you +have enjoyed being with the majority at +the time of the flood? It seems to me you +would have been safer with Noah in the +ark."</p> +<p> +As to license and prohibition, that has +always been the question since man was +created. It was the question in the Garden +of Eden when the devil stood for license, +"go eat," and God stood for prohibition, +"thou shalt not." That is the +question today and I am quite sure God +and the devil stand now as then, and +while the Adams are divided, the Eves +are nearly all on one side.</p> +<p> +Another said: "After all the work done +for temperance the people drink as much +or more than ever." My answer is: how +much more would they drink if we had +not done what has been done?</p> +<p> +Yonder on the ocean a vessel springs a +leak and soon the water stands thirty +inches deep in the hold. The captain says: +"To the pumps!" and the sailors leap to +their places. At the end of one hour the +captain measures and says: "Thirty inches; +you are holding it down." Hour after +hour the pumping goes on, with changing +hands at the pumps, and hour after hour<a name="page302" id="page302"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 302]</span> +the captain says: "You are doing well; +she can't go down at thirty inches. Hold +it there and we'll make the harbor." +Twenty hours and the captain shouts: +"Thirty inches; and land is in sight. +Pump on, my boys, you'll save the ship." +Suppose one of our croakers who says, +"Prohibition won't prohibit," had been on +board. He would have said: "Don't you +see you are doing no good; there's just as +much water as when you began." What +would have become of the ship?</p> +<p> +At the close of the Civil War intemperance +was pouring in upon the Ship of +State. Men returned from war enthralled +in chains worse than African slavery, +for rum slavery means ruin to body and +soul. Men, women and children ran to the +pumps, and thank God, state after state +is going dry. Soon we'll see the land of +promise, and the Ship of State will be +saved from a leak as dangerous as ever +sprung in a vessel, and from as cruel a +crew of buccaneers as ever scuttled a +ship.</p> +<p> +When I began the work as a "Good +Templar" forty years ago, Kentucky was +soaked in rum. Bourbon county, where I +was reared, had twenty-three distilleries,<a name="page303" id="page303"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 303]</span> +and a dead wall lifted itself against my +hopes of ever seeing the sky clear of distillery +smoke above old Bourbon county, +a name on more barrels and bottles, on +more bar-room windows, and on the memories +of more drunkards in ruin than any +other county in the world. Yet I have +lived to see the last distillery fire go out, +and Bourbon county dry. While I had +faith in the ultimate triumph of the Cause +I never dreamt it would come to Bourbon +county in my lifetime.</p> +<p> +When I began saloons were at almost +every crossroads village, and the bottle +on sideboards was the rule in thousands +of leading homes. Time and again my life +was threatened. On one occasion twelve +armed men guarded me from a mob, and +once my wife placed herself between my +body and a desperate mountaineer. Those +were perilous times for an advocate of +temperance in my native state. Now out +of one hundred and twenty counties, one +hundred and seven are dry. In Georgia +the licensed saloon is gone; in North Carolina +the saloon is gone; in West Virginia, +Old Virginia, Mississippi and Tennessee +the saloon is gone, while Oklahoma +was born sober.</p> +<a name="page304" id="page304"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 304]</span> +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"That which made Milwaukee famous</p> + <p class="i2">Doesn't foam in Tennessee;</p> +<p>The Sunday lid in old Missouri</p> + <p class="i2">Was Governor Folk's decree.</p> +<p>Brewers, distillers and their cronies</p> + <p class="i2">Well may sigh;</p> +<p>The saloon is panic-stricken,</p> + <p class="i2">And the South's going dry.</p></div> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"Soon the hill-side by the rill-side</p> + <p class="i2">Of Kentucky will be still;</p> +<p>Men will take their toddies</p> + <p class="i2">From the ripples of the rill;</p> +<p>Boys will grow up sober,</p> + <p class="i2">Mothers cease to cry;</p> +<p>Glory hallelujah!</p> + <p class="i2">The South's going dry."</p> +</div> +</div> +<p> +Already seventeen states are dry, and +there are many arid spots in the wet +states. While I cannot hope to live to see +the final triumph, I have faith to believe +my children and my children's children +will live in a saloonless land, a land redeemed +from a curse that has soaked its +social life in more blood and tears than +all other sources of sorrow; a land where +liberty will no longer be shorn of its +locks of strength by licensed Delilahs; +where manhood will no more be stripped<a name="page305" id="page305"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 305]</span> +of its possibilities by the claws of the demon +drink; where fore-doomed generations +will not reach the dawning of life's +morning, to be bound like Mazeppa to the +wild, mad steed of passion and borne +down the blood lines of inheritance to the +awful abuse of drunkenness.</p> +<p> +To this end I appeal to every minister +of the gospel, stir the consciences of +your hearers on this question. I appeal to +the press, that potent power for the enlightenment +of the people.</p> + +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"Pulpit and press with tongue and pen,</p> +<p>Set to new music this message to men:</p> +<p>Let the great work of destruction begin,</p> +<p>And rid our loved land of this shelter to sin.</p> +<p>As before the sun's brightness, the darkness must fly,</p> +<p>So by power of the ballot the rum curse must die,</p> +<p>Then cover the earth as the wide waves the sea,</p> +<p>With the sound of the axe at the root of the tree!"</p> +</div> +</div> + + +<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /> +<a name="page307" id="page307"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 307]</span> +<a name="VIII" id="VIII"></a> +<h3>VIII</h3> +<br /> +<h2>IF I COULD LIVE LIFE OVER.</h2> +<br /><br /> + +<p> +Now and then I hear an old man or an +old woman say, "Even if I could I would +not live life over." Well, I own I would, +provided I could begin the journey with +the knowledge I now have of what it +means to live.</p> +<p> +While mistakes have been many there +are some things I would not change. I +would be brought up in the country as I +was. I would play over the same blue-grass +carpet, along the same turnpike +aisle, swing on the branches of the same +old trees and listen to the concert chorus +of the same song birds.</p> +<p> +Indeed I sympathize with the boy who +exchanges the music of birds, melody of +streams, lowing of herds, driving of +teams, diamond dew on bending blade, +morning sun and evening shade, with all +other sweet associations of country life +for a lodging room in a city, where church +doors and home doors are closed against +him in the evening hours of the week, and +all evil places wide open for his ruin. It +has been well said: "The street fair of<a name="page308" id="page308"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 308]</span> +evil associations in our large cities begins +with the night shadows and grows with +the darkness." I dare say if I could draw +aside the veil that will shut in the night +scenes of this city, the revelation would +make some godly fathers tremble for +their boys, and pious mothers long to +gather their children about them when +the sun goes down, as moor birds gather +their helpless young when hawks are +screaming in the sky.</p> +<p> +All hail to the Young Men's Christian +Association, with its open doors for young +men in the evening hours! All hail to its +gymnasium, its swimming pool, basketball +and other sports that develop +strength and furnish entertainment! +Away with the idea that all the pleasures +of the world belong to the devil.</p> +<p> +A distinguished divine was brought up +in New England by a staid old aunt, who +never let him go anywhere except to +church, Sunday school and prayer meeting. +When quite a lad she let him go to +New York City to visit a cousin. That +cousin took him to see Barnum's circus. +It was his first circus, and the wild animals, +the bareback riding, trapeze performance, +clowns and chariot races bewildered<a name="page309" id="page309"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 309]</span> +the country boy. Next morning +he wrote his aunt, saying: "Dear Aunt, +if you'll go to one circus you'll never go to +another prayer meeting as long as you +live." But he did go to prayer meeting +and became a grand good man. There +are many innocent springs of pleasure, +where youth can drink and not be harmed.</p> +<p> +It may surprise some for me to say, if +I could live life over I would be brought +up in the same old state of Kentucky. +"With all her faults I love her still," <i>but +not her stills</i>. It has been my privilege to +visit every state in the union and I find all +the good is not in any one state, nor all +the bad. While Kentucky has had her +night riders, Missouri has had her boodlers, +California her grafters, Illinois her +anarchists, Pennsylvania her machine +politics, New York her Tammany tiger, +and Washington City her blizzards on inauguration +days. God doesn't grow all the +daisies in one field nor confine thorns to +one thicket.</p> + +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>It's been my lot this land to roam,</p> +<p>O'er every state twixt ocean's foam,</p> +<p>But still my heart clings to its home,</p> + <p class="i8">Kentucky.</p></div> +<a name="page310" id="page310"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 310]</span> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>I've traveled the prairies of the west,</p> +<p>I've seen each section at its best,</p> +<p>There's nothing like my native nest,</p> + <p class="i8">Kentucky.</p></div> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>No matter through what state I pass,</p> +<p>No matter how the people class,</p> +<p>To me there's only one Blue Grass,</p> + <p class="i8">Kentucky.</p></div> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>When my wanderings here are o'er,</p> +<p>And my spirit seeks the golden shore,</p> +<p>Then keep my dust for evermore,</p> + <p class="i8">Kentucky.</p> +</div> +</div> +<p> +Not only would I be brought up in Kentucky +and in the country, but I would go +to the same Yankee schoolmaster, have +the same sweethearts and marry the same +girl, provided she would consent to make +another journey with the same companion. +By the way, we were married in +Bourbon County, Kentucky, when she was +nineteen and I twenty. About four years +ago we celebrated our golden wedding, +and the morning after the celebration,</p> + +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>She put on "her old grey bonnet,</p> +<p>With the blue ribbon on it."</p> +<p>We didn't "hitch Dobbin to the Shay"</p> +<p>But along the interurban</p><a name="page311" id="page311"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 311]</span> +<p>We rode down to Bourbon,</p> +<p>Where we started for our golden wedding day.</p> +</div> +</div> +<p> +If I could live life over surely I could +ask no better age than the one in which I +have lived. We no longer toil over a +mountain, but glide through it on ribbons +of steel; telegraphy dives the deep and +brings us the news of the old world every +morning before breakfast; we talk +with tongues of lightning through telephones +and send messages on ether waves +over the sea; we ride horse-cycles that run, +never walk and live without eating; we +travel in carriages drawn by electric +steeds that never tire; the signal service +gives us a geography of the weather, so +the farmer may know whether or not to +prepare to plow, and the Sunday school +whether to arrange or to postpone its picnic +tomorrow; airships mount the heavens, +steamships plough the ocean's bosom, +submarine torpedo boats undermine the +deep with missiles of death, while photography +turns one inside out, and doctors no +longer guess at the location of a bullet. +All these things have come to pass within +my life-time. What may the young before<a name="page312" id="page312"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 312]</span> +me expect in the next fifty years?</p> +<p> +Recently I read an imaginary letter, +supposed to have been written by a Wellsley +College girl. It was dated one hundred +years in the future. She wrote:</p> +<p> +"Father gave me a new airship a few +weeks ago. I leave my home in Baltimore +every morning after breakfast and reach +Wellsley in time for classes. We have only +thirty minutes in school in the morning +and fifteen in the afternoon. Our teachers +are in telepathic touch with all knowledge +and we get it in condensed form. A +few days ago, just after lunch at noon +I took a spin up into Canada; the machine +got a little out of fix, so I jumped on a +gyroscope and returned in time for dinner +at six.</p> +<p> +"Yesterday I sailed over to New York +City and took dinner at the Waldorf-Astoria; +had two capsules for dinner and +they were delicious. I read how the people +used to sit around tables and eat all +kinds of things. It must have been funny +to see their mouths all going at one +time. Then they had stomach trouble--indigestion +they called it. Now we have +everything necessary for the human system +put up in capsules; we get up a thousand<a name="page313" id="page313"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 313]</span> +feet above the earth where the air is +pure, so we ought to live to be two hundred +years old.</p> +<p> +"Last week my classmate and I took a +flying trip to see the Panama Canal, and +while there we decided to take in the Exposition +at San Francisco next day. There +we saw many antiquated machines called +automobiles; they used to run around the +streets in rubber stockings, honking +horns to warn the poor, then turning turtle +they killed or maimed the rich. In one +department we saw an animal with long +tail, and a mane on its neck. They called +it a horse and told us that years ago horses +were harnessed and driven about the +streets, while the fast ones were raced for +money."</p> +<p> +That young woman may be all right +about her capsule dinners and condensed +instruction, but one hundred years from +now, when on her way from the west to +Wellsley if she will stop in Lexington, Ky., +she will see a horse sale in progress; +horses selling from five hundred to ten +thousand dollars that will trot or pace a +mile in less than two minutes, while slow +ones will be hitched to dead wagons, used +to gather up those who have fallen from<a name="page314" id="page314"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 314]</span> +airships and gyroscopes. It may be that +one hundred years in the future airships +will be seen soaring over the cities, delivering +packages in parachutes at the back +doors of residences, but the day will never +dawn when there will be an airship, gyroscope, +or an automobile that will supplant +the fleet-footed, sleek-coated, handsome +Kentucky horse.</p> +<p> +Now I come to the more practical, for I +do not bring you this talk, challenging +your criticism or inviting your praise of +it as a literary production, but with the +purpose of helping some one live as I +would wish to live if I had my life to live +over.</p> +<p> +First, to the boys before me. If I had +life to live over one of my first purposes +would be to seek my calling in life. Do +you know half the failures of life come +from misfits of occupation? There are +lawyers starving for want of clients, doctors +with patients under monuments, and +preachers talking to empty pews, who +might have been successful in factories or +furrows. Cowper was a failure as a lawyer, +he was a success as a poet; Goldsmith +was a bungling surgeon, he was a power +with his pen; Horace Greely was a success<a name="page315" id="page315"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 315]</span> +in the Tribune office, he was a failure as a +farmer and a slow candidate for president.</p> +<p> +When U.S. Grant was a very young +man his father sent him to sell a horse to +a buyer and instructed him to ask one +hundred dollars, but if he could not get +that amount to take eighty-five. The buyer +looked the horse over and said: "Young +man, what is your price?" Young Grant +replied: "Father told me to ask you one +hundred dollars, but if you would not give +that to take eighty-five." It is needless to +say the calling of U.S. Grant was not +horse trading. This same young man afterwards +tried the grocery business and +bought potatoes far and wide to corner +the market, but the price went down, the +potatoes rotted in Grant's bins and his +grocery effort was on a par with his horse +trading. He then tried the ice market but +that became watered stock on his hands +and again he was a failure. Later on in +life 'mid roar of cannon and rattle of +musketry the misfit found his element. +Here he was so sure of his calling he +made his motto, "I'll fight it out on this +line if it takes all summer," and to the +general, who could not drive a horse +trade, or corner the potato market, or deal<a name="page316" id="page316"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 316]</span> +in ice, one of the greatest generals the +world ever knew surrendered his sword, +and from the highest military position +Grant was called to be President of the +United States.</p> +<p> +If it is true that "ever since creation +shot its first shuttle through chaos design +has marked the course of every golden +thread," then every human being is designed +to fill a certain place in life. +There are young women teaching school, +getting to be old maids, who should be the +wives of good husbands, and there are +some wives who ought to be old maid +"schoolmarms."</p> +<p> +We have born architects, born orators, +born bookkeepers, born musicians, born +poets, born preachers, born teachers, born +surgeons, born bankers, born blacksmiths, +born merchants, born farmers.</p> +<p> +Two farmers live side by side; one +doesn't seem to work hard, yet everything +is neatness from one end of the farm to +the other; his neighbor works hard, yet +the cattle are in his corn, the fences are +broken, gates off the hinges and everything +seems out of order. That man was +not made to be a farmer. He should rent +out, or sell out, and go to the legislature,<a name="page317" id="page317"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 317]</span> +or find some other place he can fill.</p> +<p> +Matthew Arnold said: "Better be a Napoleon +of book-blacks, or an Alexander of +chimney-sweeps, than an attorney, who, +like necessity, knows no law." There are +born shoemakers cobbling in Congress, +while statesmen are pegging away on a +shoe-last because their brains have not +been capitalized by education and opportunity. +There are born preachers at work +in machine shops, and born mechanics rattling +around in pulpits like a mustard seed +in an empty gourd; born surgeons are +carving beef in butcher stalls, while here +and there butchers are operating for appendicitis.</p> +<p> +God planted the hardy pine on the hills +of New England, and the magnolia down +in the sunny South-land. Let some horticulturist +compel the magnolia to climb +the cold hills of New England, and the +northern tree to come down and take its +place in the "land of cotton, cinnamon seed +and sandy bottom," and everything in both +will protest against the mistake.</p> +<p> +Lowell said: "Every baby boy is born +with a calling." With some this calling is +very definite. It was definite with George +Stevenson when in childhood he made engines<a name="page318" id="page318"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 318]</span> +of mud with sticks for smoke-stacks. +It was definite with Thomas A. Edison, +who, instead of selling newspapers, went +to experimenting with acids, and charged +a steel stirrup that lifted him into the electric +saddle of the world. With others it +is very indefinite. Patrick Henry failed +at everything he undertook until he began +talking, when he soon became the golden +mouthed orator of his age. Peter Cooper +failed until he took to making glue, then +his business "stuck" to everybody and he +made a fortune out of which he built Cooper +Union for the education of poor boys.</p> +<p> +I have a grandson whose calling was indefinite. +He was named for his grandfather, +to whom fishing is a fad. During my +rest season I go fishing almost every day. +While I make an exception of Sunday I +can appreciate the minister who was a +great fisherman. On his way to an appointment +Sunday morning he came upon a lad +fishing in a wayside stream. Halting he +said: "My boy, this is the Sabbath day +and the good Book says you should remember +to keep it holy." Just then a fish +seized the boy's bait and drew the float +under, when the good minister excitedly +said: "Pull, pull. Ah! that's a good one.<a name="page319" id="page319"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 319]</span> +I'll try that place myself <i>some other day</i>."</p> +<p> +Fishing is my favorite sport. My grandson +was a baseball fiend and a football +player. He was hurt in a football game +and I wrote him, warning him against his +recklessness, and to the admonition I added: +"Twenty-five boys have been killed +already this season playing football; it's +a brutal game anyway."</p> +<p> +He replied: "Dear Grandfather, I am +sorry so many boys have been killed playing +football, but I read recently that last +summer two hundred and fifty men were +drowned while out fishing; would it not +be well for you to keep off Lake Ellerslie? +You say football is a brutal game; I submit +to you, Grandpa, that the man who +takes an innocent worm or a minnow, +strings it on a steel hook, and sinking it +into the water, jerks the gills out of an +innocent fish, is more cruel than the boy +who kicks another around for exercise. I +need a pair of baseball shoes, number six +and a half; send them by express." He +got the shoes, and I decided <i>he</i> was called +to be a lawyer.</p> +<p> +Young man, if you get to be a preacher +and cannot put force into your sermon, +the world doesn't want to hear you preach,<a name="page320" id="page320"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 320]</span> +but if you are a good cobbler it will wear +your shoes, if a good baker it will eat your +bread, or if a good barber it will let you +put your razor to its throat. Remember +in making your choice,</p> + +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"Honor and fame from no condition rise,</p> +<p>Act well your part; there the honor lies."</p> +</div> +</div> +<p> +If I could live life over, I would not be +content with a common school education. +In my youth circumstances lifted a dead +wall against my hopes, but if given another +chance I would somehow press my +way to where higher education scatters its +trophies at the feet of youth, for while it +is true some of the most successful men +of our country graduated from the high +school of "hard knocks" and universities +of adversity, yet the humblest toil is more +easily accomplished and better done where +college education guides.</p> +<p> +To college education, however, I would +add the education which comes from rubbing +against the world. Some one has +said: "For every ounce of book knowledge +one needs a half dozen ounces of common +sense with which to apply it." Douglas +Jerrold said: "I have a friend who can +speak fluently a dozen different languages +but has not a practical idea to express in<a name="page321" id="page321"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 321]</span> +any one of them."</p> +<p> +An old woman suffering from rheumatism +was asked by a friend: "Did you ever +try electricity?"</p> +<p> +She answered: "Yes, I was struck by +lightning once but it didn't do me any +good."</p> +<p> +In this many sided age one needs to educate +muscle, nerves, heart and conscience +as well as brain. That man who is all +brain and no heart, goes through the world +with his intellect shining above his bosom +like an electric light over a graveyard.</p> +<p> +Young people, do you know you live in +a testing world, a world in which all buds +and blossoms are tested? The bud that +stands the test of wind and frost goes on +to flower and fruitage; the bud that can't +stand the test goes with the dust to be +trampled under foot. Every cannon made +by the government is tested; the cannon +that can stand the test goes into battleship +or land fort, the cannon that can't +stand the test goes into the junk pile.</p> +<p> +Yonder in Virginia a few years ago, +there was a young man who had everything +an indulgent father could give him, +but in school his character could not stand +the test, and he exchanged his books for<a name="page322" id="page322"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 322]</span> +wine and cards. He married a beautiful +young woman, shot her to death in his automobile +and died himself in the electric +chair, leaving his old father in a desolate +home with harrowing memories tearing +his heart; while over the life of an innocent +babe he hung a cloud as dark as was +ever woven out of the world's misfortune, +and sent another life to wander in painted +shame outside life's eden of purity, the +barb of conscious guilt to be driven deeper +and deeper into her soul by the scorn of a +pitiless world. All because young Beatty +could not stand the test!</p> +<p> +Harry Thaw had everything wealth and +refinement could bring into a young life, +but he sacrificed all upon unhallowed altars, +and with the brand of Cain upon his +brow, he was cast into a madman's cell. +He could not stand the test.</p> +<p> +Lord Byron was Britain's brilliant bard. +He could have lived in England's glory +and then slept with England's buried +greatness in Westminster Abbey, if he had +stood the test; but at the age of thirty-seven, +when he should have been on an +upward flight to greater fame, he drew +the "strings of his discordant harp" about +him and over them sent the bitter wail:<a name="page323" id="page323"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 323]</span></p> + +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"My days are in the yellow leaf;</p> + <p class="i2">The flowers and fruits of love are gone;</p> +<p>The worm, the canker, and the grief</p> + <p class="i2">Are mine alone!"</p> +</div> +</div> +<p> +Younder in a cabin a babe was born. +When eleven years of age he helped his +mother clear out a patch and raise a garden. +Later on he lay in front of a wood +fire, studying lessons for the morrow. Later +in life he went to college, with only a +few cents in his pocket. He went to +church and there gave part of his little all +in a collection for missionary work. The +next Saturday he earned a dollar with a +jack-plane; at the end of his college term +he had paid his way and had seven dollars +left. At twenty-eight this young man +was in the senate of his state, at thirty-six +he was in Congress, and twenty-seven +years from the time James A. Garfield +rang the bell of Hiram College for his +board he went into the White House as +President of the United States. He could +stand the test. Boys, can you stand the +test?</p> +<p> +During the Spanish American war there +was a regiment called the "Rough Riders." +It was made up of picked young men from<a name="page324" id="page324"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 324]</span> +different states of the Union. It was +this regiment that made the famous charge +up San Juan Hill. At the close of the war, +the regiment was mustered out of service. +The Colonel, giving his farewell address, +said: "You have made an honorable +record in war, now go back to your homes +and make honorable record in peace."</p> +<p> +Sixteen years of that record is made. +The Colonel has been President of the +United States for seven years of that time. +General Leonard Wood has gone to the +front of the army, and others of the regiment +have become successful professional +and business men; but some have gone to +jails and penitentiaries, one died not long +since in the streets of New York City and +was buried in a pauper's grave; some are +fugitives from justice.</p> +<p> +What is true of that regiment, is in +some measure true of every body of young +men and boys I meet. In my presence are +boys who will be leaders of thought and +action twenty years from now in whatever +community they dwell. There is a boy +before me who will be a successful merchant, +there's one who will be a banker, +another will be a lawyer, others will lead +in other lines. But alas! in my presence<a name="page325" id="page325"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 325]</span> +now, looking me in the face this minute, +there may be a boy, or boys, who will stain +with blood the stony path to despair.</p> +<p> +Do you say that no such ignominious +possibility hangs over any boy in this audience? +I tell you it is not always the +first, but sometimes the fairest born. I +know a man who in his youth drove his +father's fine horses, romped and rested on +the richest blue-grass lawn, ate from spotless +linen and lived in luxury, who now +eats from the bare tables of low saloons, +and is often given shelter by an old colored +"mammy," who was once his father's +slave.</p> +<p> +I have in mind a schoolmate, whose father +lived in a fine country home two miles +from the schoolhouse. The influence of +my schoolmate's mother was pure as the +diamond dew he brushed from the bending +grass in barefoot days. But he left the +country home and the last time I saw him +he was a vagabond, begging bread from +negro cabin doors. Ah! mother, you can't +tell <i>which</i> boy.</p> +<p> +In a large city a few years ago a man +stood at the side door of a saloon at two +o'clock in the morning. His clothes were +worn and the matted hair hung about his<a name="page326" id="page326"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 326]</span> +face. He waited, hoping some one would +come along and give him the price of a +drink. Two young men, one of them a +reporter on a leading daily, came down the +street. As they neared the poor fellow, +one said to the other: "Did you ever see +such an appeal for a drink? Here, hobo, +take this dime and buy you one."</p> +<p> +Seizing his hand his friend said: "No, +let's do the job like good Samaritans. +Come in, tramp, and have a drink with +us."</p> +<p> +The three entered the saloon, the glasses +were filled and the tramp took his and +draining it, said: "Young men, I'm very +thirsty, may I have another?"</p> +<p> +"Yes, help yourself," was the reply, and +the tramp took the second drink. Then +lifting his hat he said:</p> +<p> +"Young men, you call me a hobo, but I +see in you a picture of my lost manhood. +Once I had a face as fair as yours, and +wore as good clothes as you have now. I +had a home where love lit the flame on the +altar, but I put out the fire and to-night +I'm a wanderer without a home. I had +a wife as beautiful as an artist's dream, +but I took the pearl of her love, dropped it +in the wine glass, Cleopatra-like I saw it<a name="page327" id="page327"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 327]</span> +dissolve and I quaffed it down. I had a +sweet child I fondly loved, and still love, +though I have not seen her for twelve +years; a young woman now in her grandfather's +home, she is deprived of the heritage +of a father's good name. Young +men, I once had aspirations and ambitions +that soared as high as the morning star, +but I clipped their wings, I strangled them +and they died. Call me a tramp, do you? +I'm a preacher without a charge, a lawyer +without a brief, a husband without a wife, +a father without a child, a man without a +friend. I thank you for the drinks. Go +to your homes and on soft beds may you +sleep well; I'll go out and sleep on yonder +bench in the night wind. A few more +drinks, a few more drunkard's dreams, +and I'll go out into the moonless, starless +night of a hopeless forever."</p> +<p> +Oh! how I would like to help some boy +in this audience stand on his two feet and +with clear brain, manly muscle, and moral +courage fight and win the battle of life. +How it would rejoice my soul if I could, +with earnest appeal, throw about some +mother's boy an armor of celestial atmosphere +against which the arrows of evil +would beat in vain, and fall harmless at<a name="page328" id="page328"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 328]</span> +his feet.</p> +<p> +Hear me, boys; never was there a day +when character counted for so much as +now; never a day when a young man, +equipped with education and stability of +character, filled with energy and ambition, +was in such demand as he is today; +while on the other hand, never was there +a day when a young man with bad habits +was in so little demand as now. The industrial +world is closing its doors against +young men who are not sober, industrious +and competent. Even a saloon-keeper advertised +thus: "Wanted--A man to tend +bar, who does not drink intoxicating liquors." +How would this read: "Wanted--A +young man to sell shoes, who goes bare-footed."</p> +<p> +Young women, just here I have a question +for you. If the railroad company +does not want the drinking man, if the +merchant discriminates against him, and +even the saloon-keeper does not want him +for bar-tender, do you want him for a +husband? Can you afford to wrap up +your hopes of happiness in him and to him +swear away your young life and love?</p> +<p> +Some young woman may say: "If I +taboo the drinking man, I may be an old<a name="page329" id="page329"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 329]</span> +maid." Then be an old maid, get some +"bloom of youth," paint up and love yourself. +John B. Gough said: "You better +be laughed at for not being married, than +never to laugh any more because you are +married."</p> +<p> +If I could live life over there are some +things I would not do. I would not stop +smoking as I did thirty-five years ago, because +I never would begin and therefore +would not need to stop. I am not a fanatic +on the question, but I believe every father +in my presence, who uses tobacco, will +be glad to have me say that which I will +now say to the boys who are dulling their +brains, poisoning their blood and weakening +their hearts by the use of cigarettes.</p> +<p> +Boys, I believe a cigar made me tell my +first falsehood. When I was fifteen years +of age I felt I must smoke if I ever expected +to be a man. Father smoked, our +pastor smoked, and so did almost every +man in our neighborhood. My mother opposed +the habit, but I thought mother did +not know what it took to make a man.</p> +<p> +I heard her make an engagement to +spend a whole day ten miles from home +the following week, and that day I set +apart for learning to smoke cigars. I laid<a name="page330" id="page330"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 330]</span> +in some fine ones, six for five cents, and +when mother went out the gate on her +visit, I started for the barn. In a shed +back of the barn I took out my cigars, determined +to learn that day if it required +the six cigars for my graduation. The +first cigar was lighted and with every puff +I felt the manhood coming; but in about +five minutes I felt the manhood <i>going</i>. +Just then my uncle called: "George, where +are you?" When I answered he said: +"Come here and hold this colt while I +knock out a blind tooth."</p> +<p> +Horsemen before me know some colts +have blind teeth and to save the eyes these +must be removed. I staggered to the colt, +held the halter rein and when the tooth +was removed my uncle, looking at me, +said: "What's the matter with you? You +are pale as death."</p> +<p> +"Nothing, only it always did make me +sick to see a blind tooth knocked out of a +horse's mouth," I replied.</p> +<p> +My uncle said: "You better lie down +on the grass until it passes off," and I did.</p> +<p> +But I kept on after that until I learned +to smoke like a man. When years had +passed and I became editor of a paper it +seemed to me I could write better editorials<a name="page331" id="page331"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 331]</span> +with the smoke curling about my +face.</p> +<p> +One morning I finished my breakfast +before Mrs. Bain had half finished hers. +Lighting my cigar I stood by the fire chatting +and smoking until the stub was all +that remained. Then, as was my custom, +I walked up to kiss her good-bye when she +said: "Good-bye. But, I would like to ask +you a question. How would you like to +have me finish my breakfast before you +are half through yours, light a cigar, +smoke it to the stub, and with tobacco on +my lips and breath offer to kiss you good +morning?"</p> +<p> +I said: "You don't have to kiss me," +and with this I left for my work. On the +way her question seemed to be waiting my +answer, and I gave it in a resolve that she +should never again have cause to repeat +that question, and with my resolve went +the cigar.</p> +<p> +About this time a co-worker joined me +in the same resolution, which helped me +to keep mine. After tea that evening +Mrs. Bain said: "I did not know you were +so sensitive, or I should not have said what +I did." I did not tell her then of my promise, +lest I should fail to keep it. Thirty-five<a name="page332" id="page332"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 332]</span> +years have passed and not a single cigar +have I had between my lips since that +morning.</p> +<p> +Boys, take one five-cent cigar after each +meal, add up the nickels for one year, put +the money at interest, next year, and every +year do the same, compounding the interest, +and in thirty-five years you will have +thirty-five hundred dollars--the price of a +home for your old age.</p> +<p> +I do not hope to convert old smokers, +but if I can persuade one young man in +this audience to throw away the cigarette, +never to smoke one again, then I will have +honored this hour's service.</p> +<p> +If I could live life over I would take +the same total-abstinence pledge I took +fifty years ago and have kept inviolate to +this day. I would take it, not only because +of its personal benefit to me, but because +of what it has led me to do for others.</p> +<p> +It is said reformers never expect to see +the bread they cast upon the waters; inventors +may, but not reformers. Yet I +have lived to see my bread come back "buttered" +in my old age.</p> +<p> +I have lived to see thousands of men +and women to whom I gave the pledge in<a name="page333" id="page333"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 333]</span> +their youth, wearing it still as a garland +about their brows, and their children, by +precept and example of parents, keep step +with the onward march of the temperance +army.</p> +<p> +I have lived to see more than one hundred +counties of Kentucky, in which I established +Good Templar Lodges, when bottles +were on sideboards in the homes, and +barrooms in almost every crossroad village, +now in the dry column.</p> +<p> +I have lived to see seventeen states under +prohibition, fifty millions of people of the +United States living under prohibitory +laws, the Congress of the United States +giving a majority vote for submitting national +prohibition to the people, and the +great empire of Russia going dry in a day.</p> +<p> +Sweet is the "buttered bread" that is +coming to me after these many years since +I cast my bread upon the waters, when +days were dark, discouragements many +and faith weak. I am waiting now for another +slice of this "buttered bread" about +the size of old Kentucky dry.</p> +<p> +If I could live life over I would put a +better bit to my tongue, and a better bridle +on my temper. An Englishman said: +"My wife has a temper; if she could get<a name="page334" id="page334"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 334]</span> +rid of it I would not exchange her for any +woman in the world."</p> +<p> +Two men meet and have a misunderstanding; +one flies into a passion, shoots or +stabs, while the other stands placid and +self-contained, preserving his dignity. +The world calls the first a brave man and +the latter a coward; but Solomon declared +the man who rules himself to be "greater +than he that taketh a city."</p> +<p> +Oh! the tragedies that lie in the wake of +the tempest of temper. On the dueling +field such men as Alexander Hamilton +went down to death for want of self-control. +Andrew Jackson killed Dickerson; +Benton of Missouri killed Lucas; General +Marmaduke killed General Walker. Pettus +and Biddle, one a Congressman, the +other a paymaster in the army, had a war +of words, a challenge followed; one being +near-sighted selected five feet as the distance +for the duel, and there educated +men, with pistols almost touching, stood, +fired and both were killed.</p> +<p> +Senator Carmack of Tennessee, criticised +Colonel Cooper as a machine politician. +Cooper said: "Put my name in your +paper again, and I'll kill you." Young +Cooper felt in his rage that he must settle<a name="page335" id="page335"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 335]</span> +the trouble. Did he settle it? The bullet +that went through the heart of Carmack +went through the heart of his wife, threw +a shadow over the life of his child, and +draped Tennessee in mourning. Did he +settle it? He started a tempest that will +howl through his life while memory lasts +and echo through his soul to all eternity. +Oh! that men would realize that to walk +honorably and deal justly insures in time +vindication from all calumny.</p> +<p> +Abraham Lincoln was called the "Illinois +baboon" by a leading journal, but Mr. +Lincoln placidly read the charge, and told +a joke as a safety valve for whatever anger +he may have felt. One hundred years +go by and the President leaves Washington +and goes on a long journey to stand +at a cabin door in Kentucky, there to pay +tribute to a man who "never lost his balance +or tore a passion to tatters."</p> +<p> +I stood in front of the great Krupp gun +at the World's Fair, and as the soldier in +charge told me that one discharge cost one +thousand dollars, and it could send a shell +sixteen miles and pierce iron plated ships, +its lips seemed loaded with death and it +spoke of war and bloodshed and hate.</p> +<a name="page336" id="page336"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 336]</span> +<p> +A little later I entered the Hall of Fine +Arts and looked upon that impressive +picture entitled, "Breaking Home Ties." +The lad is about to go out from the roof +that has sheltered him from babyhood, to +be his own guide in the big wide world. +His mother holds his hand as she looks +love into his eyes, and gives him her warnings +and blessing; the father, with his +boy's valise in his hand, has turned away +with a lump in his throat, while even the +dog seems to be joining in the loving farewell.</p> +<p> +Turning away from that picture, the +thought came: Ah! that means more than +Krupp guns. It means the coming of a +day when love shall rule and war shall +cease, when reason and righteousness shall +be the arbitrators for differences between +nations, when owls and bats will nest in +the portholes of battleships, and each nation +will vie with the other in warring +against the kingdoms of want and wickedness.</p> +<p> +When a man requested Bishop McIntyre +to preach his wife's funeral sermon, and +told him of her many beautiful traits, +Bishop McIntyre said: "Brother, did you +ever tell her all these sweet things before +she died?"</p> +<a name="page337" id="page337"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 337]</span> +<p> +Just here Sam Jones would say: "Husbands, +go home and kiss your wives. Tell +them they are the dearest, sweetest things +on the earth; you may have to stretch the +truth a little, but say it anyway."</p> +<p> +A few years ago, just before the Christmas +holidays, I wrote my daughter, saying: +"I wish you would find out from +your mother what she would like for a +Christmas gift. However, don't tell her +I wrote you to do this. Also suggest something +for the grandchildren that I may +bring each some little remembrance that +will please them." I closed by saying:</p> + +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"The sands of my life are growing less and less,</p> + <p class="i2">Soon I'll reach the end of my years,</p> +<p>Then you'll lay me away with tenderness</p> + <p class="i2">And pay me the tribute of tears.</p></div> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"Don't carve on my tomb any word of fame,</p> + <p class="i2">Nor a wheel with its missing spokes,</p> +<p>Simply let the marble tell my name,</p> + <p class="i2">Then add, 'He was good to his folks.'"</p> +</div> +</div> +<p> +Boys and girls, don't speak back to +mother. You love her and don't mean to +offend, but it hurts her. She was patient +with you in your infancy; be patient with<a name="page338" id="page338"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 338]</span> +her in her old age. From her birth she +has been your loyal, loving slave. She +will go away and leave you after a little +while, and oh! how you will miss her when +she's gone. Deal gently with her now; +speak kindly to her and when she's gone +memories of your love and kindness to +mother will come to you like sweet perfume +from wooded blossoms.</p> +<p> +Young lady graduate of high school or +college, do you realize what your father +has done for you, and the sacrifices he has +made that you might have what he has +never had--a diploma? Go, put your fair +tender cheek against the weather-beaten +face of your father, print with rosy lips a +kiss of gratitude upon his furrowed brow, +and tell him you appreciate all he has done +for you.</p> +<p> +I have been talking to you an hour about +what I would do if I could live life over. +If I had life to live over would I do any +better than I have done? If I am no +better now, than I was five years ago, if I +am to be no better five years hence than I +am now, then I would do no better if I had +another trial.</p> +<p> +However, I cannot live life over. The +sand in the hour-glass is running low and<a name="page339" id="page339"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 339]</span> +when gone can never be replaced, and I +am not much struck on old age. It is said +to have its compensations, in that the +"aches and asthmas of old age are no +worse than the measles, mumps, whooping-coughs +and appendicitis pains of +youth." Righteous old age should be better +than youth. The ocean of time with +its breakers and perils face the young, +while for the righteous old the storms are +past, and they are</p> + +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"Waiting to enter the haven wide,</p> +<p>See His face, and be satisfied."</p> +</div> +</div> +<p> +I cannot help these grey hairs or the +wrinkles on my brow, but I can keep my +heart young, and I <i>do</i>. I enjoy the company +of old people, but delight more in +associating with the young.</p> +<p> +Dr. A.A. Willetts lectured on "Sunshine" +sixty years ago. In his ninetieth +year he was still lecturing; had he lectured +on shadows he would doubtless have died +many years before, and never been known +as the "Apostle of Sunshine."</p> +<p> +Solomon said: "A merry heart doeth +good like a medicine." Never lock the +door of your heart against the sunshine of +cheerfulness, and remember it is not the<a name="page340" id="page340"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 340]</span> +exclusive blessing of youth but blooms in +the heart of any age. With some it seems +to be an inheritance. It kisses some babies +in the cradle, and the radiance of that +kiss lingers through three-score years and +ten; while others are born cross, live cross +and die cross. A babe of this latter kind +came into a home and kept up its wailing +for several days. The little six-year old +boy of the home said: "Mother, did you +say little brother came from heaven?"</p> +<p> +"Yes, dear; why do you ask?"</p> +<p> +"Well, no wonder the angels bounced +him," the boy replied.</p> +<p> +I know a woman who is forever telling +her trials. If you do not listen to her story +you must read it on her countenance. +Nearby is another who has lost her parents; +indeed all her near relatives are +gone; not a flower left to bloom on the desert +of old age. Yet, she hides her sorrows +beneath the soul's altar of hope and meets +the world with a smile. Doubtless the +first woman wonders why she is so slighted +and the company of the other courted. +She should know it is for the same reason +that honey-bees and humming birds light +on sweet flowers instead of dry mullien +stalks, and mocking-birds and canaries are<a name="page341" id="page341"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 341]</span> +caged instead of owls and rain-crows.</p> +<p> +Some persons seem to relish the "cold +soup of retrospect" and persist in picking +the "bones of regret," without any appetite +for the present or promises of the future. +Beside one of these I would place a +happy-hearted soul, who laughs through +the window of the eye and on whose face +you can read,</p> + +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"Let those who will, repine at fate,</p> + <p class="i2">And droop their heads in sorrow,</p> +<p>I'll laugh when cares upon me wait,</p> + <p class="i2">I know they'll leave to-morrow.</p></div> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"My purse is light, but what of that?</p> + <p class="i2">My heart is light to match it;</p> +<p>And if I tear my only coat,</p> + <p class="i2">I'll laugh the while I patch it."</p> +</div> +</div> +<p> +I know a millionaire, who controls numerous +industries, whose wife must apply +cold cloths to his head at night to induce +sleep. I know another man not so well off +in this world's goods, whose wife must apply +the cold water to get him awake. Care +is often pillowed in a palace, while contentment +is asleep in a cottage.</p> +<p> +At the close of my lecture at a chautauqua +several years ago, a gentleman said<a name="page342" id="page342"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 342]</span> +to me: "Sir, we live in a very humble cottage +in this town, but there is a big welcome +over the door for you and we want +you to take tea with us." I accepted the +invitation and soon was seated on the +porch of the small cottage home. While +my host was inside getting a pitcher of +ice water, I looked across the way and +there was the home of a railroad king, his +wealth numbered by millions, and the +grounds surrounding his home were rich +in flower beds, fountains and forest trees. +My host, pouring the water, said: "You +see we are very fortunately situated here. +Our little home is inexpensive and our +taxes very light. Our rich neighbor across +the way employs three gardeners to care +for those grounds; he pays all the taxes, +has all the care; they do not cost us a cent, +yet we sit here on our little porch and +drink in their beauty." There was a philosopher.</p> +<p> +John Wanamaker can pay $100,000 for +a picture, which he did some years ago, +and hang it on the walls of his mansion +home, but you go out in the country +in the springtime, get up in the +early morning while the cattle are still +sleeping in the barnyard and the birds silent<a name="page343" id="page343"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 343]</span> +in the trees, watch the rich glow of +the day god as it comes peeping through +the windows of the morning, then see the +birds leave their bowers, the larks to fly +away to the fields, the mocking-bird to sing +in the cedar at the garden gate, the robin +to chirp to its mate, and you will see a +picture which will pale that of the merchant +prince.</p> +<p> +Or go out on a summer evening just after +a rain storm, when nature hangs itself +out to dry; when the golden slipper +of the god of day hangs upon the topmost +bough of the tallest tree. You will see a +picture no artist's brush can paint. And +God does not hang these pictures on a wall +twenty feet by ten, but on the blue tapestry +of the sky for the world's poor to admire +"without money and without price." +Abraham Lincoln well said: "God must +have loved the common people, else he +wouldn't have made so many of them."</p> +<p> +Let me illustrate the two classes of people +to which I have referred. An old man +who dwelt in the shadows of life said: "My +life has been one continual drudgery and +disappointment; for fifty years I have had +to get up at 5 o'clock every morning while +others enjoyed their sleep, then all day in<a name="page344" id="page344"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 344]</span> +the harness of oppression I have had to +work with bad luck dogging my footsteps."</p> +<p> +His daughter, thinking to cheer him, +said, "Father, don't get discouraged. You +have one comfort anyway; it won't be long +till the end of toil will come, when you will +have a good long rest in the grave where +no misfortune can reach you."</p> +<p> +"I don't know about that," replied the +father; "it will be about my luck for the +next morning to be resurrection day and +I'll have to be up at daylight as usual."</p> +<p> +Another man, who always looked on the +bright side of life, and when anything +went wrong always looked up something +good to match it, happened to lose a fine +horse. When friends expressed sympathy +he said: "I can't complain; I never +lost a horse before." Then his crop failed +and he said: "After ten years of good +crops I have no kick coming because of +one failure." Finally, poor fellow, a railroad +train ran over him and both feet had +to be amputated at the ankles. A friend +called to see him and said: "Jim, what +have you to say after this misfortune?"</p> +<a name="page345" id="page345"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 345]</span> +<p> +His reply was: "Well, I always did suffer +with cold feet."</p> +<p> +Look on the bright side of life, remembering +that very often,</p> + +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"The trouble that makes us fume and fret,</p> +<p>And the burdens that make us groan and sweat</p> +<p>Are the things that haven't happened yet."</p> +</div> +</div> +<p> +When our two boys were babies our +home was a country cottage and our land +possession one acre. Nearby lived a young +man whose father left him a blue-grass +farm. His home was a handsome brick +house; he had servants and drove fine +horses. Often when seated on the little +porch of our humble home, he would pass +by, when the feet of his horses and wheels +of his fine carriage would dash the dust +into our faces. One evening when he +passed I said: "Never mind, Anna, some +day we'll live in a fine house, we'll have +servants and horses and we'll be 'somebodies'." +I thought money would bring happiness, +and the more money the more happiness.</p> +<p> +We now live in a good home, have servants +and horse and carriage; we've traveled +several times together from ocean to +ocean, yet I have never seen a train of<a name="page346" id="page346"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 346]</span> +Pullman palace cars that can compare in +memory with the two trains that used to +leave that little cottage home every evening +for dreamland.</p> + +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"The first train started at seven p.m.,</p> + <p class="i2">Over the dreamland road,</p> +<p>The mother dear was the engineer,</p> + <p class="i2">The passenger laughed and crowed.</p></div> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>The palace car was the mother's arms,</p> + <p class="i2">The whistle a low sweet strain;</p> +<p>The passenger winked, nodded and blinked</p> + <p class="i2">And fell asleep on the train.</p></div> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>The next train started at eight p.m.,</p> + <p class="i2">For the slumberland afar,</p> +<p>The summons clear, fell on the ear,</p> + <p class="i2">'All aboard for the sleeping car.'</p></div> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>And what was the fare to slumberland?</p> + <p class="i2">I assure you not very dear;</p> +<p>Only this, a hug and a kiss,</p> + <p class="i2">They were paid to the engineer."</p> +</div> +</div> +<p> +And I said:</p> + +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"Take charge of the passengers, Lord, I pray,</p> + <p class="i2">To me they are very dear;</p> +<p>And special ward, O gracious Lord,</p> + <p class="i2">Give the faithful engineer."</p> +</div> +</div> +<a name="page347" id="page347"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 347]</span> +<p> +Have some of you had sorrows you +could not harmonize with the logic of life? +Leave them with Him who "notes the sparrow's +fall." Some one has said: "There +are angels in the quarries of life only the +blasts of misfortune and chisels of adversity +can carve into beauty."</p> +<p> +Doctor Theodore Cuyler said: "God +washes the eyes of His children with tears +that they may better see His providences."</p> +<p> +Doctor Gutherie said: "Because I am +seventy, my hair white and crows' feet +around my eyes, they tell me I'm growing +old. That's not I, that's the house in +which I live; I'm on the inside; the house +may go to pieces but I shall live on eternally +young."</p> + +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"This body is my house, it is not I;</p> + <p class="i2">Herein I sojourn, till in some far off sky,</p> +<p>I lease a fairer dwelling, built to last,</p> + <p class="i2">Till all the carpentry of time is past.</p></div> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"When from heaven high, I view this lone star,</p> + <p class="i2">What need I care where these poor timbers are;</p> +<p>What if these crumbling walls do go back to dust and loam,</p><a name="page348" id="page348"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 348]</span> + <p class="i2">I will have exchanged them for a broader better home.</p> +<p>This body is my house, it is not I;</p> +<p>Triumphant in this faith, I shall live and die."</p> +</div> +</div> +<p> +Since I cannot live life over, since the +gate at the end of life's journey swings +but one way, and of all the millions who +have passed through, not one but the Crucified +Son of God has returned, why should +I select such a subject for a lecture? When +one is on a journey he has never made before +it is well to consult one who has traveled +the road and from him learn the +things best to be done, and the places to +shun.</p> +<p> +For more than three-score years and +ten I have been making life's journey, and +for more than forty years have been mingling +with the masses and meeting with +varied experiences. To those who are +climbing the hill toward the noon of the +journey my advice should be of value.</p> +<p> +With those who with me are facing the +sinking sun, and the lengthening shadows +falling behind, I thank God for that faith +which comes from a diviner source than<a name="page349" id="page349"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 349]</span> +human science, that tells us,</p> + +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"There's a place, called the Land of Beginning Again,</p> + <p class="i2">Where all our mistakes and all our heartaches,</p> +<p>And all our griefs and pain,</p> + <p class="i2">Will be left in the boat, like a shabby old coat,</p> +<p>And never put on again.</p></div> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"I'm glad there's a place for the redeemed of the race,</p> + <p class="i2">In the Land of Beginning Again,</p> +<p>Where there'll be no sighing, there'll be no dying,</p> + <p class="i2">And where sorrows that seemed so sore,</p> +<p>Will vanish away like the night into day,</p> + <p class="i2">And never come back any more."</p> +</div> +</div> +<p> +It is said "if wishes were horses, beggars +would ride." It is useless for me to +wish to live life over or expect an extension +of many more years of borrowed +time, but I hope yet that along the shortening +path I may open up here and there +a spring that will refresh some thirsty soul +and plant a flower that will brighten the +path of some weary one.</p> +<a name="page350" id="page350"></a><span class="pagenum">[page 350]</span> +<p> +It is my desire that I may close the life +I cannot live over in the city where it began, +surrounded by loved ones in whose +lives I have lived. I can think of no more +fitting close to this lecture than to use a +thought borrowed from another, in paying +a tribute to my old Kentucky home:</p> + +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>On her blue-grass bed in youth</p> + <p class="i2">I rolled and romped and rested;</p> +<p>At the altars of her church</p> + <p class="i2">I learned in whom I trusted.</p></div> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>'Tis here my honored parents sleep,</p> + <p class="i2">A dear sweet babe reposes,</p> +<p>And o'er my darling daughter's grave</p> + <p class="i2">Blossom the summer roses.</p></div> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>'Tis here my marriage vows were given,</p> + <p class="i2">'Tis here my children found me;</p> +<p>My heart is here, and here may heaven</p> + <p class="i2">Fold angel wings around me.</p></div> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>May sacred memories hold me here,</p> + <p class="i2">And when life's dream closes,</p> +<p>May I the plaudit "well done" wear,</p> + <p class="i2">Then sleep beneath her roses.</p> +</div> +</div> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /> + + + + + + + + + + + +<pre> + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Wit, Humor, Reason, Rhetoric, Prose, +Poetry and Story Woven into Eight Popular Lectures, by George W. 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