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diff --git a/16780-tei/16780-tei.tei b/16780-tei/16780-tei.tei new file mode 100644 index 0000000..5a0404e --- /dev/null +++ b/16780-tei/16780-tei.tei @@ -0,0 +1,894 @@ +<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> + +<!-- +The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Declaration of Independence of The +United States of America by United States of America + + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no +restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under +the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or +online at http://www.gutenberg.org/license + + + + +Title: The Declaration of Independence of The United States of America + +Author: United States of America + +Release Date: October 12, 2005 [EBook #16780] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: UTF-8 +--> + +<!DOCTYPE TEI.2 SYSTEM "http://www.gutenberg.org/tei/marcello/0.4/dtd/pgtei.dtd"> + +<TEI.2 lang="en"> +<teiHeader> + <fileDesc> + <titleStmt> + <title>The Declaration of Independence of The United States of America</title> + <author>Thomas Jefferson</author> + </titleStmt> + <editionStmt> + <edition n="1">Edition 1</edition> + </editionStmt> + <publicationStmt> + <publisher>Project Gutenberg</publisher> + <date value="2005-10-12">October 12, 2005</date> + <idno type="etext-no">16780</idno> + <availability> + <p>This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and + with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it + away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg + License online at www.gutenberg.org/license</p> + </availability> + </publicationStmt> + <sourceDesc> + <bibl> + </bibl> + </sourceDesc> + </fileDesc> + <encodingDesc> + <classDecl> + <taxonomy id="lc"> + <bibl> + <title>Library of Congress Classification</title> + </bibl> + </taxonomy> + </classDecl> + </encodingDesc> + <profileDesc> + <langUsage> + <language id="en"></language> + </langUsage> + <textClass> + <classCode scheme="lc">JK</classCode> + </textClass> + </profileDesc> + <revisionDesc> + <change> + <date value="2005-10-12">October 12, 2005</date> + <respStmt> + <name>Joshua Hutchinson</name> + </respStmt> + <item>Created document.</item> + </change> + <change> + <date value="2006-6">June 2006</date> + <respStmt> + <name>Joshua Hutchinson</name> + </respStmt> + <item>Added PGHeader/PGFooter.</item> + </change> + </revisionDesc> +</teiHeader> + +<text> +<front> + +<div rend="page-break-before: always"> +<divGen type="pgheader" /> +</div> + +<div rend="page-break-before: right"> +<divGen type="titlepage" /> +</div> + +</front> + +<body> +<div rend="page-break-before: right"> +<index index="toc" /> +<index index="pdf" /> +<head>The Declaration of Independence of The United States of America</head> +<head type="sub">IN CONGRESS, July 4, 1776</head> + +<p>The unanimous Declaration of the thirteen united States of +America</p> + +<p>When in the Course of human events, it becomes necessary for one +people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with +another, and to assume, among the Powers of the earth, the separate and +equal station to which the Laws of Nature and of Nature's God entitle +them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they +should declare the causes which impel them to the separation.</p> + +<p>We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created +equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable +Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of +Happiness.—That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among +Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed,—That +whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is +the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new +Government, laying its foundation on such principles and organizing its +powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their +Safety and Happiness. Prudence, indeed, will dictate that Governments +long established should not be changed for light and transient causes; +and accordingly all experience hath shown, that mankind are more +disposed to suffer, while evils are sufferable, than to right themselves +by abolishing the forms to which they are accustomed. But when a long +train of abuses and usurpations, pursuing invariably the same Object +evinces a design to reduce them under absolute Despotism, it is their +right, it is their duty, to throw off such Government, and to provide +new Guards for their future security.—Such has been the patient +sufferance of these Colonies; and such is now the necessity which +constrains them to alter their former Systems of Government. The history +of the present King of Great Britain is a history of repeated injuries +and usurpations, all having in direct object the establishment of an +absolute Tyranny over these States. To prove this, let Facts be +submitted to a candid world.</p> + +<list type="simple"> + +<item>He has refused his Assent to Laws, the most wholesome and necessary +for the public good.</item> + +<item>He has forbidden his Governors to pass Laws of immediate and pressing +importance, unless suspended in their operation till his Assent should +be obtained; and when so suspended, he has utterly neglected to attend +to them.</item> + +<item>He has refused to pass other Laws for the accommodation of large +districts of people, unless those people would relinquish the right of +Representation in the Legislature, a right inestimable to them and +formidable to tyrants only.</item> + +<item>He has called together legislative bodies at places unusual, +uncomfortable, and distant from the depository of their Public Records, +for the sole purpose of fatiguing them into compliance with his +measures.</item> + +<item>He has dissolved Representative Houses repeatedly, for opposing with +manly firmness his invasions on the rights of the people.</item> + +<item>He has refused for a long time, after such dissolutions, to cause +others to be elected; whereby the Legislative Powers, incapable of +Annihilation, have returned to the People at large for their exercise; +the State remaining in the mean time exposed to all the dangers of +invasion from without, and convulsions within.</item> + +<item>He has endeavoured to prevent the population of these States; for +that purpose obstructing the Laws of Naturalization of Foreigners; +refusing to pass others to encourage their migration hither, and raising +the conditions of new Appropriations of Lands.</item> + +<item>He has obstructed the Administration of Justice, by refusing his +Assent to Laws for establishing Judiciary Powers.</item> + +<item>He has made judges dependent on his Will alone, for the tenure of +their offices, and the amount and payment of their salaries.</item> + +<item>He has erected a multitude of New Offices, and sent hither swarms of +Officers to harass our People, and eat out their substance.</item> + +<item>He has kept among us, in times of peace, Standing Armies without the +Consent of our legislatures.</item> + +<item>He has affected to render the Military independent of and superior to +the Civil Power.</item> + +<item>He has combined with others to subject us to a jurisdiction foreign +to our constitution, and unacknowledged by our laws; giving his Assent +to their Acts of pretended legislation:</item> + +<item>For quartering large bodies of armed troops among us:</item> + +<item>For protecting them, by a mock Trial, from Punishment for any Murders +which they should commit on the Inhabitants of these States:</item> + +<item>For cutting off our Trade with all parts of the world:</item> + +<item>For imposing taxes on us without our Consent:</item> + +<item>For depriving us, in many cases, of the benefits of Trial by +Jury:</item> + +<item>For transporting us beyond Seas to be tried for pretended +offences:</item> + +<item>For abolishing the free System of English Laws in a neighbouring +Province, establishing therein an Arbitrary government, and enlarging +its Boundaries so as to render it at once an example and fit instrument +for introducing the same absolute rule into these Colonies:</item> + +<item>For taking away our Charters, abolishing our most valuable Laws, and +altering fundamentally the Forms of our Governments:</item> + +<item>For suspending our own Legislatures, and declaring themselves +invested with Power to legislate for us in all cases whatsoever.</item> + +<item>He has abdicated Government here, by declaring us out of his +Protection and waging War against us.</item> + +<item>He has plundered our seas, ravaged our Coasts, burnt our towns, and +destroyed the lives of our people.</item> + +<item>He is at this time transporting large armies of foreign mercenaries +to compleat the works of death, desolation and tyranny, already begun +with circumstances of Cruelty & perfidy scarcely paralleled in the most +barbarous ages, and totally unworthy of the Head of a civilized +nation.</item> + +<item>He has constrained our fellow Citizens taken Captive on the high Seas +to bear Arms against their Country, to become the executioners of their +friends and Brethren, or to fall themselves by their Hands.</item> + +<item>He has excited domestic insurrections amongst us, and has endeavoured +to bring on the inhabitants of our frontiers, the merciless Indian +Savages, whose known rule of warfare, is an undistinguished destruction +of all ages, sexes and conditions.</item> +</list> + +<p>In every stage of these Oppressions We have Petitioned for Redress in +the most humble terms: Our repeated Petitions have been answered only by +repeated injury. A Prince, whose character is thus marked by every act +which may define a Tyrant, is unfit to be the ruler of a free +People.</p> + +<p>Nor have We been wanting in attention to our Brittish brethren. We +have warned them from time to time of attempts by their legislature to +extend an unwarrantable jurisdiction over us. We have reminded them of +the circumstances of our emigration and settlement here. We have +appealed to their native justice and magnanimity, and we have conjured +them by the ties of our common kindred to disavow these usurpations, +which would inevitably interrupt our connections and correspondence. +They too have been deaf to the voice of justice and of consanguinity. We +must, therefore, acquiesce in the necessity, which denounces our +Separation, and hold them, as we hold the rest of mankind, Enemies in +War, in Peace Friends.</p> + +<p>We, therefore, the Representatives of the United States of America, +in General Congress, Assembled, appealing to the Supreme Judge of the +world for the rectitude of our intentions, do, in the Name, and by the +Authority of the good People of these Colonies, solemnly publish and +declare, That these United Colonies are, and of Right ought to be Free +and Independent States; that they are Absolved from all Allegiance to +the British Crown, and that all political connection between them and +the State of Great Britain, is and ought to be totally dissolved; and +that as Free and Independent States, they have full Power to levy War, +conclude Peace, contract Alliances, establish Commerce, and to do all +other Acts and Things which Independent States may of right do. And for +the support of this Declaration, with a firm reliance on the Protection +of Divine Providence, we mutually pledge to each other our Lives, our +Fortunes and our sacred Honor.</p> +</div> + +<div id="Georgia"> +<list type="simple"> +<item>Button Gwinnett</item> +<item>Lyman Hall</item> +<item>George Walton</item> +</list> +</div> + +<div id="North_Carolina"> +<list type="simple"> +<item>William Hooper</item> +<item>Joseph Hewes</item> +<item>John Penn</item> +</list> +</div> + +<div id="South_Carolina"> +<list type="simple"> +<item>Edward Rutledge</item> +<item>Thomas Heyward, Jr.</item> +<item>Thomas Lunch, Jr.</item> +<item>Arthur Middleton</item> +</list> +</div> + +<div id="Massachusetts"> +<list type="simple"> +<item>John Hancock</item> +</list> +</div> + +<div id="Maryland"> +<list type="simple"> +<item>Samuel Chase</item> +<item>William Paca</item> +<item>Thomas Stone</item> +<item>Charles Carroll of Carrollton</item> +</list> +</div> + +<div id="Virginia"> +<list type="simple"> +<item>George Wythe</item> +<item>Richard Henry Lee</item> +<item>Thomas Jefferson</item> +<item>Benjamin Harrison</item> +<item>Thomas Nelson, Jr.</item> +<item>Francis Lightfoot Lee</item> +<item>Carter Braxton</item> +</list> +</div> + +<div id="Pennsylvania"> +<list type="simple"> +<item>Robert Morris</item> +<item>Benjamin Rush</item> +<item>Benjamin Franklin</item> +<item>John Morton</item> +<item>George Clymer</item> +<item>James Smith</item> +<item>George Taylor</item> +<item>James Wilson</item> +<item>George Ross</item> +</list> +</div> + +<div id="Delaware"> +<list type="simple"> +<item>Caesar Rodney</item> +<item>George Read</item> +<item>Thomas McKean</item> +</list> +</div> + +<div id="New_York"> +<list type="simple"> +<item>William Floyd</item> +<item>Philip Livingston</item> +<item>Francis Lewis</item> +<item>Lewis Morris</item> +</list> +</div> + +<div id="New_Jersey"> +<list type="simple"> +<item>Richard Stockton</item> +<item>John Witherspoon</item> +<item>Francis Hopkinson</item> +<item>John Hart</item> +<item>Abraham Clark</item> +</list> +</div> + +<div id="New_Hampshire_2"> +<list type="simple"> +<item>Josiah Bartlett</item> +<item>William Whipple</item> +</list> +</div> + +<div id="Massachusetts_2"> +<list type="simple"> +<item>Samuel Adams</item> +<item>John Adams</item> +<item>Robert Treat Paine</item> +<item>Elbridge Gerry</item> +</list> +</div> + +<div id="Rhode_Island"> +<list type="simple"> +<item>Stephen Hopkins</item> +<item>William Ellery</item> +</list> +</div> + +<div id="Connecticut"> +<list type="simple"> +<item>Roger Sherman</item> +<item>Samuel Huntington</item> +<item>William Williams</item> +<item>Oliver Wolcott</item> +</list> +</div> + +<div id="New_Hampshire"> +<list type="simple"> +<item>Matthew Thornton</item> +</list> +</div> + +</body> + +<back> + +<div rend="page-break-before: right"> + <divGen type="pgfooter" /> +</div> + +</back> + +</text> +</TEI.2> + +<!-- +A Word from Project Gutenberg + + +This file should be named 16780-0.txt or 16780-0.zip. + +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + + + http://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/1/6/7/8/16780/ + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one — the old editions will be +renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no one +owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation (and +you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without permission +and without paying copyright royalties. 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