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authorRoger Frank <rfrank@pglaf.org>2025-10-15 04:48:28 -0700
committerRoger Frank <rfrank@pglaf.org>2025-10-15 04:48:28 -0700
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+ <title>
+ The Project Gutenberg eBook of Nouveau Moyen de Préparer La Couche Sensible Des Plaques Destinées A Recevoir Les Images Photographiques, par Par M. Daguerre.
+ </title>
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+<pre>
+
+The Project Gutenberg EBook of Nouveau moyen de préparer la couche
+sensible des plaques destinées à recevoir les images photographiques, by Louis-Jacques-Mandé Daguerre
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: Nouveau moyen de préparer la couche sensible des plaques destinées à recevoir les images photographiques
+ Lettre à M. Arago
+
+Author: Louis-Jacques-Mandé Daguerre
+
+Release Date: July 11, 2005 [EBook #16260]
+
+Language: French
+
+Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOUVEAU MOYEN DE PRÉPARER LA ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Carlo Traverso, Melissa Er-Raqabi and the
+Online Distributed Proofreading Team. This file was produced
+from images generously made available by the Bibliothèque
+nationale de France (BnF/Gallica)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+</pre>
+
+
+<div class="box">
+<h2>NOUVEAU MOYEN</h2>
+<h4>DE</h4>
+<h2>PR&Eacute;PARER LA COUCHE SENSIBLE DES PLAQUES</h2>
+<h4>DESTIN&Eacute;ES A RECEVOIR LES</h4>
+<h1>IMAGES PHOTOGRAPHIQUES,</h1>
+<h2>PAR M. DAGUERRE.</h2>
+
+<br />
+<br />
+
+<h2>LETTRE A M. ARAGO.</h2>
+
+<br />
+<br />
+
+<h3>PARIS,</h3>
+<h3>BACHELIER, IMPRIMEUR-LIBRAIRE</h3>
+<h5>DU BUREAU DES LONGITUDES, DE L'&Eacute;COLE POLYTECHNIQUE, ETC.,</h5>
+<h4>QUAI DES AUGUSTINS, 55.</h4>
+
+<br />
+<br />
+
+<h3>1844.</h3>
+</div>
+
+<div><br /><br /></div>
+
+<hr style="width: 25%;" />
+<h2>LETTRE A M. ARAGO.</h2>
+<hr style="width: 25%;" />
+
+
+<p>Vous avez bien voulu annoncer &agrave; l'Acad&eacute;mie
+que j'&eacute;tais arriv&eacute;, par une suite d'exp&eacute;riences, &agrave;
+reconna&icirc;tre d'une mani&egrave;re certaine que, dans l'&eacute;tat
+actuel de mon proc&eacute;d&eacute;, la couche sensible &agrave; la
+lumi&egrave;re &eacute;tant trop mince, elle ne pouvait fournir
+toute la d&eacute;gradation de teintes n&eacute;cessaire pour reproduire
+la nature avec relief et fermet&eacute;; en effet,
+quoique les &eacute;preuves obtenues jusqu'&agrave; ce jour ne
+manquent pas de puret&eacute;, elles laissent, &agrave; quelques
+exceptions pr&egrave;s, beaucoup &agrave; d&eacute;sirer sous le rapport
+de l'effet g&eacute;n&eacute;ral et du model&eacute;<a name="FNanchor_1_1" id="FNanchor_1_1"></a><a href="#Footnote_1_1" class="fnanchor">[1]</a>.</p>
+
+<p>C'est en superposant sur la plaque plusieurs m&eacute;taux,
+en les y r&eacute;duisant en poussi&egrave;re par le frottement
+et en acidulant les espaces vides que laissent
+leurs mol&eacute;cules, que je suis parvenu &agrave; d&eacute;velopper
+des actions galvaniques qui permettent l'emploi
+d'une couche d'iodure beaucoup plus &eacute;paisse sans
+avoir &agrave; redouter, pendant l'op&eacute;ration de la lumi&egrave;re
+dans la chambre noire, l'influence de l'iode devenu
+libre.</p>
+
+<p>La nouvelle combinaison que j'emploie, et qui
+se compose de plusieurs iodures m&eacute;talliques, a
+l'avantage de donner une couche sensible qui se
+laisse impressionner simultan&eacute;ment par toutes les
+valeurs de ton, et j'obtiens ainsi, dans un tr&egrave;s-court
+espace de temps, la repr&eacute;sentation d'objets vivement
+&eacute;clair&eacute;s avec des demi-teintes qui conservent
+toutes, comme dans la nature, leur transparence
+et leur valeur relative.</p>
+
+<p>En ajoutant l'or aux m&eacute;taux dont je me servais
+d'abord, je suis parvenu &agrave; aplanir la grande difficult&eacute;
+que pr&eacute;sentait l'usage du brome comme
+substance acc&eacute;l&eacute;ratrice. On sait que les personnes
+tr&egrave;s-exerc&eacute;es pouvaient seules employer le brome
+avec succ&egrave;s et qu'elles n'arrivaient &agrave; obtenir le
+maximum de sensibilit&eacute; que par hasard, puisque
+ce point est impossible &agrave; d&eacute;terminer tr&egrave;s-pr&eacute;cis&eacute;ment,
+et qu'imm&eacute;diatement au del&agrave; le brome
+attaque l'argent et s'oppose &agrave; la formation de l'image<a name="FNanchor_2_2" id="FNanchor_2_2"></a><a href="#Footnote_2_2" class="fnanchor">[2]</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Avec mon nouveau moyen, la couche d'iodure
+est toujours satur&eacute;e de brome, puisqu'on peut laisser
+sans inconv&eacute;nient la plaque expos&eacute;e &agrave; la vapeur
+de cette substance la moiti&eacute; au moins du temps
+n&eacute;cessaire; car l'application de la couche d'or s'oppose
+&agrave; la formation de ce qu'on appelle <i>le voile de
+brome</i>. Il ne faut cependant pas abuser de cette
+facilit&eacute;, car la couche d'or, &eacute;tant tr&egrave;s-mince, pourrait
+&ecirc;tre attaqu&eacute;e, surtout si on l'avait trop us&eacute;e
+par le polissage<a name="FNanchor_3_3" id="FNanchor_3_3"></a><a href="#Footnote_3_3" class="fnanchor">[3]</a>. On trouvera peut-&ecirc;tre le proc&eacute;d&eacute;
+que je vais donner un peu compliqu&eacute;; mais,
+malgr&eacute; le d&eacute;sir que j'avais de le simplifier autant
+que possible, j'ai &eacute;t&eacute; au contraire conduit, par les
+r&eacute;sultats de mes exp&eacute;riences, &agrave; multiplier les substances
+employ&eacute;es qui, toutes, jouent un r&ocirc;le important
+dans l'ensemble du proc&eacute;d&eacute;. Je les regarde
+comme &eacute;tant toutes n&eacute;cessaires pour obtenir
+un r&eacute;sultat complet, et cela doit &ecirc;tre, puisque
+ce n'est que graduellement que je suis arriv&eacute; &agrave;
+d&eacute;couvrir les propri&eacute;t&eacute;s de ces diff&eacute;rents m&eacute;taux,
+dont l'un aide &agrave; la promptitude, l'autre &agrave; la vigueur
+de l'&eacute;preuve, etc.<a name="FNanchor_4_4" id="FNanchor_4_4"></a><a href="#Footnote_4_4" class="fnanchor">[4]</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Il na&icirc;t du concours de ces substances une puissance
+qui neutralise tous les effets inconnus qui
+venaient si souvent s'opposer &agrave; la formation de
+l'image<a name="FNanchor_5_5" id="FNanchor_5_5"></a><a href="#Footnote_5_5" class="fnanchor">[5]</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Je crois d'ailleurs que la science et l'art ne doivent
+pas &ecirc;tre arr&ecirc;t&eacute;s par la consid&eacute;ration d'une
+manipulation plus ou moins longue; on doit se
+croire heureux d'obtenir &agrave; ce prix de beaux r&eacute;sultats,
+surtout lorsque les moyens d'ex&eacute;cution
+sont faciles.</p>
+
+<p>Car la pr&eacute;paration galvanique de la plaque ne
+pr&eacute;sente aucune difficult&eacute;. L'op&eacute;ration se divise
+en deux parties principales: la premi&egrave;re, qui est
+la plus longue, peut &ecirc;tre faite tr&egrave;s-longtemps &agrave;
+l'avance, et peut &ecirc;tre consid&eacute;r&eacute;e comme le compl&eacute;ment
+de la fabrication de la plaque. Cette op&eacute;ration
+une fois faite, sert ind&eacute;finiment, et l'on
+peut, sans la recommencer, faire un grand nombre
+d'&eacute;preuves sur la m&ecirc;me plaque.</p>
+
+<div><br /></div>
+<h3><i>D&eacute;signation des nouvelles substances.</i></h3>
+
+<p>Solution aqueuse de bichlorure de mercure
+(sublim&eacute; corrosif);</p>
+
+<p>Solution de cyanure de mercure;</p>
+
+<p>Huile de p&eacute;trole blanche acidul&eacute;e avec de
+l'acide nitrique;</p>
+
+<p>Dissolution de chlorure d'or et de platine.</p>
+
+<div><br /></div>
+<h3><i>Pr&eacute;paration des substances.</i></h3>
+
+<p><i>Solution aqueuse de bichlorure de mercure (sublim&eacute;
+corrosif).</i>&mdash;5 d&eacute;cigrammes de bichlorure
+de mercure dans 700 grammes d'eau distill&eacute;e.</p>
+
+<p><i>Solution de cyanure de mercure</i>.&mdash;On sature
+un flacon d'eau distill&eacute;e de cyanure de mercure,
+et l'on en d&eacute;cante un volume quelconque, que l'on
+allonge d'une &eacute;gale quantit&eacute; d'eau distill&eacute;e.</p>
+
+<p><i>Huile de p&eacute;trole blanche acidul&eacute;e</i><a name="FNanchor_6_6" id="FNanchor_6_6"></a><a href="#Footnote_6_6" class="fnanchor">[6]</a>.&mdash;On
+acidule cette huile en y m&ecirc;lant un dixi&egrave;me d'acide
+nitrique pur, qu'on y laisse au moins quarante-huit
+heures, en ayant soin d'agiter le flacon de
+temps en temps. On d&eacute;cante l'huile qui s'est acidul&eacute;e,
+et qui rougit alors fortement le papier de
+tournesol. Elle s'est aussi un peu color&eacute;e, tout en
+restant tr&egrave;s-limpide.</p>
+
+<p><i>Dissolution de chlorure d'or et de platine.</i>&mdash;Pour
+ne pas multiplier les dissolutions, j'ai pris
+pour point de d&eacute;part le chlorure d'or ordinaire,
+qui sert &agrave; fixer les &eacute;preuves. On sait qu'il est
+compos&eacute; de <i>1 gramme de chlorure d'or et de
+4 grammes d'hyposulfite de soude pour 1 litre
+d'eau distill&eacute;e</i>.</p>
+
+<p>Quant au chlorure de platine, il faut en faire
+dissoudre 2&frac12; d&eacute;cigrammes dans 3 litres d'eau
+distill&eacute;e; on m&ecirc;le ensuite ces deux dissolutions en
+&eacute;gales quantit&eacute;s.</p>
+
+<div><br /></div>
+<h3>MANI&Egrave;RE D'OP&Eacute;RER.</h3>
+
+<h3><i>Premi&egrave;re pr&eacute;paration de la plaque.</i></h3>
+
+<p><i>Nota.</i>&mdash;Pour &ecirc;tre plus court dans la description
+qui va suivre, j'indiquerai chaque substance
+en abr&eacute;g&eacute;. Ainsi je dirai, pour d&eacute;signer la <i>solution
+aqueuse de bichlorure de mercure</i>, sublim&eacute;; pour
+la <i>solution de cyanure de mercure</i>, cyanure; pour
+l'<i>huile de p&eacute;trole acidul&eacute;e</i>, huile; pour la <i>dissolution
+de chlorure d'or et de platine</i>, or et platine;
+et pour l'<i>oxyde de fer</i>, rouge seulement.</p>
+
+<p>On polit la plaque avec du sublim&eacute; et du tripoli
+d'abord, et ensuite avec du rouge<a name="FNanchor_7_7" id="FNanchor_7_7"></a><a href="#Footnote_7_7" class="fnanchor">[7]</a>, jusqu'&agrave;
+ce qu'on arrive &agrave; un beau noir. Puis, on pose la
+plaque sur le plan horizontal et on y verse la solution
+de cyanure que l'on chauffe avec la lampe,
+absolument comme si l'on fixait une &eacute;preuve au
+chlorure d'or. Le mercure se d&eacute;pose et forme une
+couche blanch&acirc;tre. On laisse un peu refroidir la
+plaque, et apr&egrave;s avoir renvers&eacute; le liquide, on la
+s&egrave;che en la frottant avec du coton et en la saupoudrant
+de rouge.</p>
+
+<p>Il s'agit maintenant de polir la couche blanch&acirc;tre
+d&eacute;pos&eacute;e par le mercure. Avec un tampon
+de coton imbib&eacute; d'huile et de rouge, on frotte
+cette couche juste assez pour qu'elle devienne d'un
+beau noir. Ou pourra, en dernier lieu, frotter
+assez fortement, mais avec du coton seul, pour
+amincir le plus possible la couche acidul&eacute;e.</p>
+
+<p>Ensuite on place la plaque sur le plan horizontal
+et on y verse la dissolution d'or et de platine. On
+chauffe comme &agrave; l'ordinaire; on laisse refroidir et
+puis on renverse le liquide que l'on s&egrave;che, en frottant
+l&eacute;g&egrave;rement avec du coton et du rouge.</p>
+
+<p>Il faut faire cette op&eacute;ration avec soin, surtout
+lorsqu'on ne doit pas continuer imm&eacute;diatement
+l'&eacute;preuve; car autrement, on laisserait sur la plaque
+des lignes de liquide, qu'il est toujours difficile
+de faire dispara&icirc;tre. Par ce dernier frottage
+la plaque ne doit &ecirc;tre que s&eacute;ch&eacute;e et non pas polie.</p>
+
+<p>Ici se borne la premi&egrave;re pr&eacute;paration de la plaque,
+celle qui peut &ecirc;tre faite longtemps &agrave; l'avance.</p>
+
+<div><br /></div>
+<h3><i>Seconde pr&eacute;paration.</i></h3>
+
+<p><i>Nota.</i> Je ne crois pas convenable de mettre
+entre cette op&eacute;ration et l'iodage de la plaque un
+intervalle de plus de douze heures.</p>
+
+<p>Nous avons laiss&eacute; la plaque avec un d&eacute;p&ocirc;t d'or
+et de platine. Pour polir cette couche m&eacute;tallique,
+il faut prendre avec un tampon de coton de l'huile
+et du rouge, et frotter jusqu'&agrave; ce que la plaque
+redevienne noire; et puis avec de l'alcool et du
+coton seulement, on enl&egrave;ve le plus possible cette
+couche d'huile et de rouge.</p>
+
+<p>Alors on frotte assez fortement, et en repassant
+plusieurs fois aux m&ecirc;mes endroits, la plaque
+avec du coton impr&eacute;gn&eacute; de cyanure. Comme cette
+couche s&egrave;che tr&egrave;s-promptement, elle pourrait
+laisser sur la plaque des traces d'in&eacute;galit&eacute;; pour
+&eacute;viter cela, il faut repasser le cyanure, et pendant
+que la plaque est encore humide, avec un
+tampon imbib&eacute; d'un peu d'huile on s'empresse
+de frotter sur toute la surface de la plaque, et de
+m&ecirc;ler ainsi ces deux substances; puis, avec un
+tampon de coton sec, on frotte pour unir et en
+m&ecirc;me temps pour dess&eacute;cher la plaque, en ayant
+soin d'enlever du tampon de coton les parties qui
+s'humectent de cyanure et d'huile. Enfin, comme
+le coton laisse encore des traces, on saupoudre
+&eacute;galement la plaque d'un peu de rouge que l'on
+fait tomber en frottant l&eacute;g&egrave;rement et en rond.</p>
+
+<p>Ensuite, avec un tampon impr&eacute;gn&eacute; d'huile seulement,
+on frotte la plaque &eacute;galement, et de mani&egrave;re
+&agrave; faire revenir le bruni du m&eacute;tal; et puis on
+saupoudre avec du rouge, et l'on frotte tr&egrave;s-l&eacute;g&egrave;rement
+en rond, de mani&egrave;re &agrave; faire tomber tout
+le rouge qui entra&icirc;ne avec lui la surabondance de
+la couche acidul&eacute;e<a name="FNanchor_8_8" id="FNanchor_8_8"></a><a href="#Footnote_8_8" class="fnanchor">[8]</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Enfin, avec un tampon de coton un peu ferme,
+on frotte fortement pour donner le dernier poli<a name="FNanchor_9_9" id="FNanchor_9_9"></a><a href="#Footnote_9_9" class="fnanchor">[9]</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Il n'est pas n&eacute;cessaire de renouveler souvent les
+tampons imbib&eacute;s d'huile et de rouge; il faut seulement
+les garantir de la poussi&egrave;re.</p>
+
+<p>J'ai dit plus haut que la premi&egrave;re pr&eacute;paration
+de la plaque peut servir ind&eacute;finiment; mais on
+comprend que la seconde doit &ecirc;tre modifi&eacute;e selon
+qu'on op&egrave;re sur une plaque qui a re&ccedil;u une &eacute;preuve
+fix&eacute;e ou une non fix&eacute;e.</p>
+
+<div><br /></div>
+<h3><i>Sur l'&eacute;preuve fix&eacute;e.</i></h3>
+
+<p>Il faut enlever les taches laiss&eacute;es par l'eau du
+lavage, avec l'oxyde rouge et de l'eau faiblement
+acidul&eacute;e d'acide nitrique (&agrave; 2 degr&eacute;s dans cette
+saison, et moins dans l'&eacute;t&eacute;).</p>
+
+<p>Ensuite, il faut polir la plaque avec de l'huile et
+du rouge pour enlever toutes les traces de l'image
+qu'on efface.</p>
+
+<p>On continue alors l'op&eacute;ration comme je viens
+de le dire plus haut pour la seconde pr&eacute;paration
+de la plaque neuve et &agrave; partir de l'emploi de l'alcool.</p>
+
+<div><br /></div>
+<h3><i>Sur l'&eacute;preuve non fix&eacute;e (mais dont la couche sensible a &eacute;t&eacute;
+enlev&eacute;e comme &agrave; l'ordinaire, dans l'hyposulfite de soude).</i></h3>
+
+<p>D'abord, il faut frotter la plaque avec de l'alcool
+et du rouge pour enlever les traces de l'huile
+qui a servi &agrave; faire l'&eacute;preuve pr&eacute;c&eacute;dente.</p>
+
+<p>On continue ensuite comme il est indiqu&eacute; plus
+haut pour la plaque neuve, et &agrave; partir de l'emploi
+de l'alcool.</p>
+
+<div><br /></div>
+<h3>TABLEAU R&Eacute;SUM&Eacute; DES OP&Eacute;RATIONS.</h3>
+
+<h3><i>Premi&egrave;re pr&eacute;paration.</i></h3>
+
+<p>1&deg;. <i>Sublim&eacute; corrosif</i> avec <i>tripoli</i> d'abord, et
+<i>rouge</i> ensuite, pour polir la plaque;</p>
+
+<p>2&deg;. <i>Cyanure de mercure chauff&eacute;</i> et <i>s&eacute;ch&eacute;</i> avec
+du <i>coton</i> et du <i>rouge</i>;</p>
+
+<p>3&deg;. <i>Huile acidul&eacute;e</i> avec <i>rouge</i> pour polir la
+couche de mercure;</p>
+
+<p>4&deg;. <i>Or et platine chauff&eacute;</i> et <i>s&eacute;ch&eacute;</i> avec du <i>coton</i>
+et du <i>rouge</i>.</p>
+
+<div><br /></div>
+<h3><i>Seconde pr&eacute;paration.</i></h3>
+
+<p>5&deg;. <i>Huile acidul&eacute;e</i> avec <i>rouge</i> pour polir la
+couche d'or et de platine;</p>
+
+<p>6&deg;. <i>Alcool absolu</i> pour enlever le plus possible
+l'huile et le rouge;</p>
+
+<p>7&deg;. <i>Cyanure de mercure employ&eacute; &agrave; froid</i> et
+<i>frott&eacute; seulement</i> avec du <i>coton</i>;</p>
+
+<p>8&deg;. <i>Huile frott&eacute;e assez fortement</i> et <i>&eacute;galis&eacute;e</i>
+en dernier lieu avec du <i>rouge saupoudr&eacute;</i>.</p>
+
+<div><br /></div>
+<h3><i>Sur l'&eacute;preuve fix&eacute;e.</i></h3>
+
+<p>1&deg;. <i>Acide nitrique</i> &agrave; 2 degr&eacute;s avec <i>rouge</i> pour
+enlever les taches;</p>
+
+<p>2&deg;. <i>Huile</i> avec <i>rouge</i> pour enlever les traces
+d'image et pour polir.</p>
+
+<p>Continuer ensuite comme plus haut, &agrave; partir
+du n&deg;6, alcool, etc.</p>
+
+<div><br /></div>
+<h3><i>Sur l'&eacute;preuve non fix&eacute;e (dont la couche sensible a &eacute;t&eacute; enlev&eacute;e
+avec l'hyposulfite de soude).</i></h3>
+
+<p><i>Alcool</i> avec <i>rouge</i> pour enlever les traces d'huile,
+et continuer comme plus haut, &agrave; partir du n&deg;6,
+alcool, etc.</p>
+
+<div><br /></div>
+<h3>OBSERVATIONS.</h3>
+
+<h3><i>De l'iodage.</i></h3>
+
+<p>La couleur de l'&eacute;preuve d&eacute;pend de la teinte
+que l'on donne &agrave; l'iodure m&eacute;tallique. On peut
+donc la varier &agrave; volont&eacute;; cependant la couleur
+<i>rose viol&acirc;tre</i> m'a paru la plus convenable.</p>
+
+<p>Pour transmettre l'iode &agrave; la plaque, on peut
+remplacer la feuille de carton par un plateau de
+fa&iuml;ence dont on aura us&eacute; l'&eacute;mail. L'iode transmis
+par ce moyen n'est pas d&eacute;compos&eacute;.</p>
+
+<p>Il est inutile, je dirai m&ecirc;me nuisible, de chauffer
+la plaque avant de l'exposer &agrave; la vapeur de
+l'iode.</p>
+
+<div><br /></div>
+<h3><i>Du lavage &agrave; l'hyposulfite de soude.</i></h3>
+
+<p>Pour enlever la couche sensible, il ne faut pas
+que la dissolution d'hyposulfite de soude soit trop
+forte, parce qu'alors elle voile les vigueurs.
+60 grammes d'hyposulfite suffisent pour 1 litre
+d'eau distill&eacute;e.</p>
+
+<div><br /></div>
+<div class="footnotes"><h3>NOTES:</h3>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_1_1" id="Footnote_1_1"></a><a href="#FNanchor_1_1"><span class="label">[1]</span></a> Sur la plaque d&eacute;cap&eacute;e au moyen de la couche d'eau,
+comme je l'ai indiqu&eacute;, on obtient tr&egrave;s-rapidement des &eacute;preuves
+d'une grande finesse, mais qui manquent aussi de model&eacute;,
+&agrave; cause du peu d'&eacute;paisseur de la couche sensible.</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_2_2" id="Footnote_2_2"></a><a href="#FNanchor_2_2"><span class="label">[2]</span></a> Tout le monde sait que la vapeur s&egrave;che du brome est
+plus favorable que celle qu'on obtient au moyen de l'eau
+brom&eacute;e, car cette derni&egrave;re a l'inconv&eacute;nient d'entra&icirc;ner avec
+elle de l'humidit&eacute; qui se condense &agrave; la surface de la plaque.
+L'emploi de l'huile que j'indique plus loin neutralise cet effet
+et donne &agrave; la vapeur du brome &eacute;tendu d'eau la m&ecirc;me propri&eacute;t&eacute;
+qu'&agrave; celle du brome sec.</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_3_3" id="Footnote_3_3"></a><a href="#FNanchor_3_3"><span class="label">[3]</span></a> Cela est tellement vrai que, si l'on fait une &eacute;preuve sur
+une plaque qui a &eacute;t&eacute; fix&eacute;e plusieurs fois, on peut la laisser &agrave;
+l'exposition de la vapeur du brome autant de fois en plus du
+temps n&eacute;cessaire qu'elle a re&ccedil;u de diff&eacute;rentes couches d'or.</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_4_4" id="Footnote_4_4"></a><a href="#FNanchor_4_4"><span class="label">[4]</span></a> Je veux dire seulement que l'emploi de tous les m&eacute;taux
+que j'indique plus loin est indispensable; mais la mani&egrave;re
+de les appliquer peut varier.</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_5_5" id="Footnote_5_5"></a><a href="#FNanchor_5_5"><span class="label">[5]</span></a> Car, en multipliant ces &eacute;l&eacute;ments comme dans une pile,
+on augmente cette puissance, et l'on parvient ainsi &agrave; faire
+agir dans le m&ecirc;me temps les radiations les plus paresseuses,
+telles que celles du rouge et du vert.</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_6_6" id="Footnote_6_6"></a><a href="#FNanchor_6_6"><span class="label">[6]</span></a> L'huile de p&eacute;trole la plus convenable est d'un ton
+jaune-verd&acirc;tre, et prend, sous diff&eacute;rents angles, des reflets
+azur&eacute;s.
+</p><p>
+J'ai donn&eacute; la pr&eacute;f&eacute;rence &agrave; cette huile sur les huiles fixes,
+parce qu'elle reste toujours limpide, quoique fortement acidul&eacute;e.
+Le but que je me propose en employant une huile
+acidul&eacute;e est de r&eacute;duire les m&eacute;taux en poussi&egrave;re et de retenir
+cette poussi&egrave;re &agrave; la surface de la plaque, en m&ecirc;me temps de
+donner plus d'&eacute;paisseur &agrave; la couche par ses propri&eacute;t&eacute;s onctueuses;
+car le naphte qui r&eacute;sulte de la distillation de cette
+huile ne produit pas le m&ecirc;me effet, parce qu'&eacute;tant trop
+fluide, il entra&icirc;ne la poussi&egrave;re des m&eacute;taux. C'est par cette
+m&ecirc;me raison que j'ai conseill&eacute; derni&egrave;rement l'emploi de l'<i>essence
+de lavande</i>, plut&ocirc;t que celui de l'essence de t&eacute;r&eacute;benthine.</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_7_7" id="Footnote_7_7"></a><a href="#FNanchor_7_7"><span class="label">[7]</span></a> Si je pr&eacute;f&egrave;re, pour polir, le rouge aux autres substances,
+ce n'est pas que je lui reconnaisse une propri&eacute;t&eacute;
+photog&eacute;nique, mais bien parce qu'il brunit mieux et qu'il
+aide &agrave; fixer la couche d'or qui n'est plus si susceptible de
+s'enlever par &eacute;cailles lorsqu'on la chauffe trop.
+</p><p>
+Les plaques galvaniques, lorsqu'elles n'ont ni marbrures
+ni taches noires (ce qui arrivait quelquefois dans l'origine),
+re&ccedil;oivent mieux que les autres l'application des m&eacute;taux, et
+par cons&eacute;quent le chlorure d'or y adh&eacute;rant plus fortement ne
+s'enl&egrave;ve pas par &eacute;cailles.</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_8_8" id="Footnote_8_8"></a><a href="#FNanchor_8_8"><span class="label">[8]</span></a> Il faut avoir soin d'appuyer le moins possible, car autrement
+le rouge adh&eacute;rerait &agrave; la plaque et formerait un voile
+g&eacute;n&eacute;ral.</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_9_9" id="Footnote_9_9"></a><a href="#FNanchor_9_9"><span class="label">[9]</span></a> Lorsque l'on op&eacute;rera sur une plaque qui aura re&ccedil;u
+longtemps &agrave; l'avance la premi&egrave;re pr&eacute;paration, il faudra,
+avant d'employer l'huile acidul&eacute;e et l'oxyde rouge, op&eacute;rer
+comme je l'indique plus loin pour la plaque qui a re&ccedil;u une
+&eacute;preuve fix&eacute;e. Cette pr&eacute;caution est n&eacute;cessaire pour d&eacute;truire
+les taches que le temps pourrait avoir d&eacute;velopp&eacute;es.</p></div>
+</div>
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<p class="center">IMPRIMERIE DE BACHELIER,<br /><br />
+
+RUE DU JARDINET, N&deg; 12.</p>
+<hr style="width: 95%;" />
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+<pre>
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Nouveau moyen de préparer la couche
+sensible des plaques destinées à recevoir les images photographiques, by Louis-Jacques-Mandé Daguerre
+
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