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+The Project Gutenberg EBook of American Missionary, Volume 43, No. 12,
+December, 1889, by Various
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: American Missionary, Volume 43, No. 12, December, 1889
+
+Author: Various
+
+Release Date: July 1, 2005 [EBook #16172]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK AMERICAN MISSIONARY ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Cornell University, Joshua Hutchinson, Donald
+Perry and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at
+https://www.pgdp.net
+
+
+
+
+
+
+THE AMERICAN MISSIONARY.
+
+DECEMBER, 1889.
+
+VOL. XLIII.   NO. 12
+
+
+
+
+CONTENTS.
+
+
+EDITORIAL.
+
+  OUR ANNUAL MEETING
+
+  FINANCIAL
+
+  THE DANIEL HAND FUND
+
+  THE LITERATURE OF THE MEETING
+
+  NOTICES FROM THE PRESS
+
+  THE "AMERICAN MISSIONARY"
+
+  BRIEF NOTES
+
+
+ANNUAL MEETING.
+
+  PROCEEDINGS OF ANNUAL MEETING
+
+  SUMMARY OF TREASURER'S REPORT
+
+  THE AMERICAN MISSIONARY ASSOCIATION--ITS PLACE AND WORK.
+  BY SECRETARY STRIEBY
+
+  THE MISSIONARY VIEW OF THE SOUTHERN SITUATION.
+  BY SECRETARY BEARD
+
+  REPORTS OF COMMITTEES
+
+  ADDRESSES ON THESE REPORTS, BY MESSRS. WRIGHT, WOODBURY, TAYLOR, HIATT,
+  FISK, FOSTER, RIGGS, STIMSON, GOODWIN, AND SALISBURY
+
+  CLOSING ADDRESS BY REV. DR. TAYLOR
+
+
+BUREAU OF WOMAN'S WORK.
+
+  REPORT OF SECRETARY
+
+  WOMAN'S STATE ORGANIZATIONS
+
+
+RECEIPTS
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+NEW YORK:
+
+PUBLISHED BY THE AMERICAN MISSIONARY ASSOCIATION.
+
+Rooms, 56 Reade Street.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+Price, 50 Cents a Year, in Advance.
+
+Entered at the Post Office at New York, N.Y., as second-class matter.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+American Missionary Association
+
+
+PRESIDENT, Rev. WM. M. TAYLOR, D.D., LL.D., N.Y.
+
+
+_Vice-Presidents._
+
+  Rev. A.J.F. BEHRENDS, D.D., N.Y.
+  Rev. F.A. NOBLE, D.D., Ill.
+  Rev. ALEX. McKENZIE, D.D., Mass.
+  Rev. D.O. MEARS, D.D., Mass.
+  Rev. HENRY HOPKINS, D.D., Mo.
+
+
+_Corresponding Secretaries._
+
+  Rev. M.E. STRIEBY, D.D., _56 Reade Street, N.Y._
+  Rev. A.F. BEARD, D.D., _56 Reade Street, N.Y._
+
+
+_Recording Secretary._
+
+  Rev. M.E. STRIEBY, D.D., _56 Reade Street, N.Y._
+
+
+_Treasurer._
+  H.W. HUBBARD, Esq., _56 Reade Street, N.Y._
+
+
+_Auditors._
+
+  PETER McCARTEE.
+  CHAS. P. PEIRCE.
+
+
+_Executive Committee._
+
+  JOHN H. WASHBURN, Chairman.
+  ADDISON P. FOSTER, Secretary.
+
+
+  _For Three Years._
+
+  S.B. HALLIDAY,
+  SAMUEL HOLMES,
+  SAMUEL S. MARPLES,
+  CHARLES L. MEAD,
+  ELBERT B. MONROE.
+
+
+  _For Two Years._
+
+  J.E. RANKIN,
+  WM. H. WARD,
+  J.W. COOPER,
+  JOHN H. WASHBURN,
+  EDMUND L. CHAMPLIN.
+
+
+  _For One Year._
+
+  LYMAN ABBOTT,
+  CHAS. A. HULL,
+  CLINTON B. FISK,
+  ADDISON P. FOSTER,
+  ALBERT J. LYMAN.
+
+
+_District Secretaries._
+
+  Rev. C.J. RYDER, _21 Cong'l House, Boston._
+  Rev. J.E. ROY, D.D., _151 Washington Street, Chicago._
+  Rev. C.W. HIATT, _64 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio._
+
+
+_Financial Secretary for Indian Missions._
+
+  Rev. CHAS. W. SHELTON.
+
+
+_Field Superintendent._
+
+  Rev. FRANK E. JENKINS.
+
+
+_Secretary of Woman's Bureau._
+
+  Miss D.E. EMERSON, _56 Reade St., N.Y._
+
+
+COMMUNICATIONS
+
+Relating to the work of the Association may be addressed to the
+Corresponding Secretaries; letters for "THE AMERICAN MISSIONARY," to the
+Editor, at the New York Office; letters relating to the finances, to the
+Treasurer.
+
+
+DONATIONS AND SUBSCRIPTIONS
+
+In drafts, checks, registered letters, or post-office orders, may be
+sent to H.W. Hubbard, Treasurer, 56 Reade Street, New York, or, when
+more convenient, to either of the Branch Offices, 21 Congregational
+House, Boston, Mass., or 151 Washington Street, Chicago, Ill. A payment
+of thirty dollars at one time constitutes a Life Member.
+
+NOTICE TO SUBSCRIBERS.--The date on the "address label" indicates the
+time to which the subscription is paid. Changes are made in date on
+ladle to the 10th of each month. If payment of subscription be made
+afterward, the change on the label will appear a month later. Please
+send early notice of change in post-office address, giving the former
+address and the new address, in order that our periodicals and
+occasional papers may be correctly mailed.
+
+
+FORM OF A BEQUEST.
+
+"I bequeath to my executor (or executors) the sum of ---- dollars, in
+trust, to pay the same in ---- days after my decease to the person who,
+when the same is payable, shall act as Treasurer of the 'American
+Missionary Association,' of New York City, to be applied, under the
+direction of the Executive Committee of the Association, to its
+charitable uses and purposes." The Will should be attested by three
+witnesses.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+THE AMERICAN MISSIONARY.
+
+
+VOL. XLIII.      DECEMBER, 1889.       NO. 12
+
+
+American Missionary Association.
+
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+OUR ANNUAL MEETING.
+
+We return from our Annual Meeting held in Chicago with a deep sense of
+gratitude to God and to the many friends who in various ways helped to
+make it one of the most pleasant and profitable of our anniversaries. We
+did not have the remarkable uplift of a munificent gift like that of Mr.
+Daniel Hand, which made our meeting at Providence so memorable, but we
+had, in the strength and appropriateness of the sermon, and in the
+ability of the addresses, papers and reports, that which will render
+this meeting a cheering landmark in our history.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+FINANCIAL.
+
+$500,000 FOR 1889-90.
+
+Our financial exhibit, with the able report upon it, was one of the
+encouraging features of our Annual Meeting. The report of the Treasurer
+announced the gratifying fact that the books closed with all obligations
+and indebtedness paid, and with a balance on hand of over $4,000. The
+able Finance Committee gave a careful examination of the Treasurer's
+books and papers, and made very commendatory report as to methods and
+accuracy.
+
+The National Council, at its meeting in Worcester, recommended that the
+churches contribute to the Association for the coming year $500,000. The
+Finance Committee after careful examination of the needs of the work
+endorsed the recommendation of the Council, and the Association heartily
+adopted the report. This sum, therefore, is what, in the judgment of
+competent persons, is imperatively needed; and we, therefore, take
+pleasure in going before our constituents, appealing for that amount.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+THE DANIEL HAND FUND.
+
+This noble gift, which awakened such enthusiasm at our annual meeting
+one year ago, came with its echo of work well done during the year--an
+echo which we trust will reverberate with steady force through all the
+years to come. In the Treasurer's report the figures were given as to
+the appropriations made from the income of this Fund during the year; in
+the General Survey cheering statements were made as to the many pupils
+it had stimulated to industry and education, and the buildings it had
+erected; and in several of the papers and addresses, grateful mention
+was made of the benefits conferred by it. We trust that other large
+givers may be stimulated to follow in the footsteps of one who has so
+wisely invested his money for the uplifting of the most needy in our
+land.
+
+A recent letter from Mr. Hand shows his deep solicitude that his gift
+shall be used for the highest moral and religious purposes. He says: "I
+have feared that the teachers might be more concerned for letters than
+for morals. My bequest was given to you chiefly as a religious society.
+Religion is the first, chiefest and best of it all."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+THE LITERATURE OF THE MEETING.
+
+This presents a genuine case of the embarrassment of riches. We never
+had better. We wish all our friends might have the opportunity for the
+careful study of it, for it is worth their time and attention.
+
+Full reports of the proceedings were made daily in the _Chicago Inter
+Ocean_. They were all gathered into a supplement, and have already been
+widely scattered. Some copies are still on hand at our offices in New
+York, Boston, Cleveland and Chicago, and can be had on application.
+
+The annual sermon, as usual, will be printed with the Annual Report.
+This number of the MISSIONARY (an enlarged number) will contain the
+Minutes and the official papers, including reports and the speeches upon
+them, (the latter necessarily somewhat abridged) Secretaries' papers,
+and the closing address of Rev. Dr. Taylor. Other papers and addresses,
+including the Representative Addresses, will be published hereafter as
+far as practicable in subsequent numbers of the MISSIONARY or in some
+other form.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+NOTICES FROM THE PRESS.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+FROM THE ADVANCE.
+
+No meeting of the American Missionary Association has ever been better
+than this last one. Dr. William M. Taylor, who with such consummate
+felicity combines so many of the best characteristics of the Scotch, the
+English and the Yankee, presided. The topics of the several papers and
+addresses, though covering a large range of thought all converged to the
+same main point, and were especially pertinent to the hour. Those who
+had been invited to prepare papers showed, by the manifest pains they
+took with them, their sense of the importance of the occasion. They
+brought the results of their best and most earnest thinking. And it is
+rare that such speakers are confronted by a more earnest, intelligent
+and sympathetic audience.
+
+The meeting was a good one in every respect; it is not easy to
+overestimate either its delightfulness or its moral power. It is not
+possible for a great society to place before itself a more eminently
+Christlike purpose. It has been greatly honored of God in its results
+thus far. And no decently intelligent history of America will ever fail
+to note the vital and decisively critical part which, in the Providence
+that overrules all history, has been given to this so timely and so
+sagaciously Christian organization to take in preparing the various
+despised races of America for good citizenship in our common country, so
+that Negro, Indian, Chinaman and whatever other race representatives are
+among us may sing in glorious unison: "My country 'tis of thee, sweet
+land of liberty!"
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+FROM THE CONGREGATIONALIST.
+
+The Annual Meeting in Chicago was remarkable in many respects. All the
+sessions were good. There was no talking against time. There were no
+displays of eloquence. No one spoke for effect. The ruling desire seemed
+to be to get at the facts, and to learn the lessons which they teach.
+
+Subjects were carefully grouped together, so that at the close of the
+meeting one felt that the fourfold character of the work of the
+Association had been fully and intelligently presented. Speeches were
+almost entirely by those whose names were on the programme, and who,
+therefore, had given time and thought to the matters on which they had
+been invited to enlighten others. Every one came with the idea that he
+_might_ speak, that he had the liberty of the floor, and yet few cared
+to use this liberty. Debate is good, but on matters which concern the
+treatment of more than ten millions of people--eight of Negroes, two of
+mountain whites, besides Indians and Chinese--extempore addresses are
+not the best use of time. As a result of this preparation, Wednesday,
+the day when most of the papers were read, will compare favorably with
+the best days of the American Board. The ability of the younger men in
+our denomination was conspicuous. None of our great benevolent
+enterprises will suffer in their hands.
+
+While there was great seriousness, there was also evident hopefulness,
+and an unshaken confidence in the power of the gospel to remove all the
+difficulties in the race problem, the Indian and the Chinese questions,
+and in the treatment of the Mountain Whites. While a unit in sentiment
+as to the importance of the school, the convention seemed to be equally
+a unit as to the importance of making it a missionary school, and of
+keeping it in closest union with the church. The conviction seemed to
+prevail that to separate the one from the other would, in the highest
+degree, be unfortunate. It was evident, furthermore, that the work of
+the Association has only just begun, that no backward step can be taken,
+and that the churches ought to give larger sums for the support of the
+Association year by year. It deserves, and will reward, their confidence
+and generosity.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+FROM THE CHRISTIAN UNION.
+
+The Annual Meeting of the American Missionary Association, held in
+Chicago last week, and of which a full account will be found elsewhere,
+brought out anew the directness and energy with which this society is
+bringing its aid to the solution of some of the most immediate and
+perplexing problems in this country. The Negro, the Indian and the
+Chinese are the especial objects of its care, and it has rendered
+immense service to these races in this country, not only by its direct
+answer to the appeal for help which comes, consciously or unconsciously,
+from all of them, but by its educational influence upon the country at
+large. The importance of the race question in the South cannot be
+overstated, and it is a question the very gravity of which makes all
+partisanship on either side the gravest offense against the welfare of
+the country. The American Missionary Association, planting itself
+resolutely on the principle of equal justice to all races on our
+continent, and holding firmly to the method of Christian education,
+holds distinct leadership in the only direction which can bring
+permanent peace and safety. There is no missionary work in the world so
+urgent and so important as that among the Negroes of the South. It is
+not often that the work of a great Association is so plainly marked,
+commends itself so thoroughly to the support of the country, and
+converges so directly upon those things which are most urgent in their
+demand upon the best thought of the best citizens, as the work of the
+American Missionary Association.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+FROM THE INDEPENDENT.
+
+The meeting of the American Missionary Association in Chicago had no
+debated question to excite difference. All agree that the meeting was
+one of the most earnest and effective in the history of the Association.
+Beginning with the opening sermon of Dr. Meredith, and closing with the
+address of Dr. Taylor, all the reports and addresses were thoughtful and
+pertinent. Some of the papers on special topics were of a very high
+order, and it may not be invidious to name the remarkable paper by
+Colonel Keating, of Memphis, Tenn., which places him alongside of Drs.
+Curry and Haygood among the leaders of thought in creating the true New
+South.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+FROM THE HARTFORD COURANT.
+
+No society in all this country of societies is doing nobler or more
+useful work than the one which has been holding its yearly meeting this
+week in the city of Chicago; none more thoroughly deserves the favor and
+sympathy (expressing itself in dollars) of the public.
+
+Look at a few eloquent figures. This American Missionary Association,
+not yet fifty years old, has one hundred and thirteen missionaries at
+work among the Negroes, the sadly neglected white mountaineers and the
+newly arrived immigrants in the Southern States. It has established and
+maintains there one hundred and thirty-six churches; also five chartered
+institutions of learning, eighteen normal and graded schools, and
+thirty-seven common schools, served by two hundred and sixty
+instructors. Among the Indians it has half a dozen churches and three
+times that number of schools, sixty-eight missionaries and teachers;
+among the Chinese in this country, sixteen schools, thirty-five
+missionaries and teachers. Its expenditures during the year footed up a
+little over $366,000--a little over a thousand dollars a day. What a
+work these figures represent, not merely for the Christian religion, but
+for civilization, for morals, for good citizenship!
+
+The American Missionary Association ought to have at least half a
+million dollars to work with, this year, and Hartford should show well
+up toward the top in the list of contributors.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+"THE AMERICAN MISSIONARY."
+
+The rich treat which this number of the MISSIONARY presents may well
+suggest the privilege and duty not only of reading, but also of
+circulating it. Let each reader possess himself of these important facts
+and figures--these broad views as to the great work laid on the hearts
+of American patriots and Christians--and then hand the magazine to some
+neighbor. Let us suggest farther, that the MISSIONARY, in its monthly
+issues, is full of the same sort of facts and thoughts, and should be
+more widely read--it should have a _larger list of paying subscribers_.
+Please read the subjoined letter from a converted Chinaman and then "go
+and do thou likewise."
+
+     LOS ANGELES, CAL., Sept. 25, 1889.
+
+     _Dear American Missionary:_
+
+     I am sorry to say that I have utterly forgotten to pay you
+     for the _American Missionary_ for the year 1889. Now I beg
+     your pardon for that. You know I have used to send the money
+     through our pastor Dr. Pond, but since I had left San
+     Francisco visiting missions in different towns and cities
+     and therefore the _American Missionary_ did not reached me
+     while I am away from Los Angeles, so my attention of paying
+     for it was dropped from that point. Now I sent you _one
+     dollars_ including a new subscriber, our brother Jue King.
+     While I am writing this note another brother came in who
+     wish to get one also, and therefore have to send you $1.50,
+     one dollar & 50 cents. This brother name Leung Chow, Los
+     Angeles. Address Jue King's to the same P.O. Box as mine and
+     oblige. God bless the American Missionary.
+
+     Respectfully yours,
+
+     LOO QUONG.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+BRIEF NOTES.
+
+REV. C.J. RYDER, DISTRICT SECRETARY.
+
+A little swarm of "Busy Bees," in Dover, N.H., have been making honey
+for the needy children in one of the missions of our Association. Their
+gift, amounting to sixty-five dollars, has been used to furnish a
+Reference Library for the school at Wilmington, N.C. Special rates were
+kindly given us on books by the Congregational Sunday-school and
+Publishing Society and other firms in Boston, so that this sixty-five
+dollars furnished a number of very useful books. Have not these "Busy
+Bees" in New Hampshire set a good example to other children's societies?
+
+Speaking of the Sunday-school and Publishing Society reminds me of two
+things. The first is the kindly interest and generous help of that
+society in the work being done by the Association in various fields.
+Literature is abundantly supplied from their press, and in some
+instances they have sent colporteurs and missionaries into the various
+fields, who do a grand good work.
+
+The other thing suggested by reference to this society is a queer
+contribution which was brought in to Mr. Hall, a missionary of the
+Association at Fort Berthold, Dakota. I chanced to be there when it was
+brought in. Mr. Hall had told the Indian boys and girls of the useful
+work done by the Sunday-school and Publishing Society in different parts
+of the land. It has always been the policy of the Association, as our
+friends know, to present the other Congregational Societies in our
+missions, and distribute the small gifts which it is possible for these
+poor people to give, among the different societies and not absorb it all
+in the Association. These Indian boys had not money to give to the
+Sunday-school Society, but they saw a premium offered for killing
+gophers. They are a mischievous little animal, devouring a large amount
+of wheat, corn and other grain every year. The farmers pay two cents for
+each dead gopher. The proof that the gopher has been killed is his tail.
+Now these little Indian boys had been so interested in the story told of
+the work being done by the Sunday-school Society, that they spent their
+Saturday afternoon holiday snaring gophers. They brought the tails in
+the envelopes of the society, as their contribution. I took some of the
+envelopes, paying two cents apiece for each tail and brought them East
+with me. On one envelope I found the following: "Richard Fox, one tail."
+What could be more appropriate!
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+Another of our District Secretaries not long since took a cup of coffee
+at a lunch counter kept by a colored man in Northern Ohio. After paying,
+he spoke of the work of the American Missionary Association. The colored
+man's face lit up at once.
+
+"Are you in that work?"
+
+"Yes, I am."
+
+"Take back that fifteen cents, sir."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+FORTY-THIRD ANNUAL MEETING
+
+OF THE
+
+American Missionary Association.
+
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+The Forty-third Annual Meeting of the American Missionary Association
+convened in the New England Congregational Church of Chicago, Ill., on
+Tuesday, October 29, 1889, at 3 o'clock P.M.
+
+The Association was called to order by the President, Rev. William M.
+Taylor, D.D. The hymn, "I love thy kingdom, Lord," was sung, after which
+the President read the thirty-fifth chapter of Isaiah and led the
+Association in prayer.
+
+Dr. Norman Seaver, supplying temporarily the pulpit of the New England
+Church, welcomed the Association, and was responded to by Dr. Taylor.
+
+Rev. N.A. Millerd and Rev. E.N. Andrews were appointed tellers, and
+while the roll was being made out, Secretary A.F. Beard read the portion
+of the Constitution relating to membership in the Association. Rev. J.C.
+Armstrong, of Illinois, was elected Secretary, and Rev. E.S. Williams,
+of Minnesota, Assistant Secretary.
+
+The President was instructed to appoint a Nominating Committee.
+
+The Treasurer, H.W. Hubbard, Esq., presented his annual report with
+schedules and the certificates of the auditors. The report was accepted
+and referred to the Committee on Finance.
+
+Field Superintendent Rev. Frank E. Jenkins read the General Survey of
+the Executive Committee. The document was accepted and the parts were
+referred to the special committees to be appointed.
+
+The President appointed the Nominating Committee as follows: Rev. G.S.F.
+Savage, D.D., Rev. H.P. Higley, D.D., Rev. A.W. Archibald, Rev. A.B.
+Allen and Rev. A.C. Hodges.
+
+The Association was led by Secretary Strieby in a concert of prayer with
+the workers in the field, Rev. Flavel Bascom, D.D., District Secretary
+Roy and many others participating, by remarks or prayers, in the
+exercises.
+
+The Nominating Committee reported the following committees, which were
+appointed:
+
+_Committee on Business._--Rev. G.H. Ide, D.D., Rev. C.R. Bruce, Rev.
+M.W. Montgomery, Rev. D.P. Breed, Rev. E.M. Williams.
+
+_Committee on Finance._--F.J. Lamb, Esq., J.H. Moore, Esq., Pres. David
+Beaton, Pres. Albert Salisbury and Rev. W.S. Rugby.
+
+_Committee of Arrangements._--Rev. Norman Seaver, D.D., Wm. Dickinson,
+Esq., Wm. H. Bradley, Esq., O.B. Green, Esq., Rev. F.A. Noble, D.D.,
+J.H. Hollister, M.D., District Secretary J.E. Roy.
+
+
+EVENING SESSION.
+
+The exercises Tuesday evening opened with a selection by the quartette
+choir of the New England Church.
+
+The Association was called to order by President Taylor, and Rev. W.B.
+Wright, D.D., read the Scripture and led in prayer. "Watchman, tell us
+of the night," was then sung, after which Rev. R.R. Meredith, of New
+York, preached the Annual Sermon, from Isaiah xlii, 1-4.
+
+The sermon was followed by the administration of the Lord's Supper. The
+following named persons officiated at the service: Ministers: Rev. H.P.
+Higley, D.D., Rev. Graham Taylor, D.D. Deacons: S.D. Hastings, W.H.
+Bradley, Wm. Dickinson, C.F. Gates, H.W. Hubbard and Chauncey Collom.
+
+At the close of the communion service, adjournment was taken to
+Wednesday at 8 A.M.
+
+The benediction was pronounced by President Taylor.
+
+
+WEDNESDAY MORNING.
+
+The prayer-meeting from 8 to 9 o'clock was led by President E.D. Eaton.
+At 9 o'clock, President Eaton was called to the chair temporarily, and
+was succeeded by the Vice-President of the Association, Rev. F.A. Noble,
+D.D.
+
+The minutes of the previous day were read and approved.
+
+The President, Dr. Taylor, then resumed the chair.
+
+The Nominating Committee reported the following special committees, who
+were appointed:
+
+_Committee on the Chinese._--Rev. H.A. Stimson, D.D., Rev. E.P. Goodwin,
+D.D., Rev. Wm. Walker, Rev. J.G. Aikman, D.J. Pike, Esq.
+
+_Committee on the Indians._--Rev. A.P. Foster, D.D., Gen. C.H. Howard,
+Rev. Clinton Douglass, Rev. C.V. Spear.
+
+_Committee on Educational Work._--Rev. W.B. Wright, D.D., Rev. F.P.
+Woodbury, D.D., Rev. Amos Dresser, Rev. H.M. Tupper, Rev. F.A. Ragland.
+
+_Committee on Church Work._--Rev. Graham Taylor, D.D., Rev. Warren F.
+Day, Rev. L.B. Maxwell, S.D. Hastings, Esq., O. Davidson, Esq.
+
+_Committee on Mountain Work._--Rev. D.M. Fisk, D.D., Rev. S.E. Lathrop,
+Rev. S.A. Norton, Rev. E.P. South, Rev. W.E. Barton, Robert F. Wheeler,
+Esq.
+
+A paper on "The American Missionary Association, its Place and Work,"
+was read by Secretary M.E. Strieby, and referred to a committee to be
+appointed.
+
+Following this, Secretary A.F. Beard read a paper on "The Missionary
+View of the Southern Situation," which was referred also to a committee
+to be appointed.
+
+The report of the Committee on the Chinese Work was presented by Rev.
+Henry A. Stimson, D.D. and accepted, and an address was made by Rev. E.
+P. Goodwin, D.D.
+
+The Nominating Committee nominated the following special committees, who
+were appointed:
+
+_Committee on Secretary Strieby's Paper._--Prof. G.B. Willcox, D.D.,
+Rev. J.F. Dudley, D.D., Rev. E.D. Hill, D.D., Rev. Flavel Bascom, D.D.,
+Rev. C.W. Camp, Rev. W.L. Tenney, Rev. J.E. Snowden.
+
+_Committee on Secretary Beard's Paper._--Rev. H.M. Tenney, D.D., Rev.
+C.O. Brown, D.D., Rev. E.M. Williams, Rev. E.F. Williams, D.D., Rev.
+Calvin Keyser, Deacon G.N. Palmer.
+
+Right Rev. H.B. Whipple, of Minnesota, then addressed the Association on
+"The Future of the Indian in our Country."
+
+After which, remarks were made on the Chinese question by Dr. H.A.
+Stimson and Rev. M.F. Sargent.
+
+After announcements of committees and programme for the afternoon,
+President Taylor pronounced the benediction, and recess was taken until
+2 o'clock P.M.
+
+
+WEDNESDAY AFTERNOON.
+
+The Association was called to order by Vice-President Noble. "Saviour,
+visit thy plantation," was sung, after which Dr. Noble conducted the
+devotional exercises for a half hour.
+
+A paper on "The Future of the Negro in our Country," was read by Rev.
+C.H. Richards, D.D., of Wisconsin, and referred to the Executive
+Committee with power to publish.
+
+Rev. C.F. Thwing, D.D., unable to be present as announced, forwarded
+his address for the use of the Secretaries of the Association.
+
+Rev. A.P. Foster, D.D., presented the report of the Committee on the
+Indian Work.
+
+Addresses were then made by Rev. T.L. Riggs, of Oahe, and Rev. C.W.
+Shelton, Financial Secretary for Indian Missions.
+
+After singing, "Sow in the morn thy seed," the Association was addressed
+by Rev. W.B. Wright, D.D., on the Educational Work, presenting the
+report of the committee and speaking in its behalf. Rev. F.P. Woodbury,
+D.D., spoke also on the same topic.
+
+After announcements, Dr. Noble pronounced the benediction, and the
+Association took a recess until 7:30 P.M.
+
+
+WEDNESDAY EVENING.
+
+The Association was called to order by Secretary Strieby, who invited
+E.W. Blatchford, Esq., of Illinois, to preside during the evening in the
+absence of President Taylor. Professor G.B. Willcox led the Association
+in prayer.
+
+On being introduced by Secretary Strieby as representing the American
+Board, Mr. Blatchford said:
+
+"I have no authority from the American Board to convey to you any
+special message; and yet I know that they will be glad to have me
+express to you their sentiments of sympathy with you in your work. The
+work is one. In carrying forward the work of the American Board and the
+American Missionary Association we are obeying the same command of our
+Lord: Go ye into all the world and disciple all. We are inspired by the
+same prophetic promises, that the time will come when this world shall
+obey the command of God as it is obeyed in heaven. In fact, this
+gathering is in itself a type of the unity of this work; for as I look
+around me I see brethren and sisters representing the different
+societies in which we are all interested. I see them here from the New
+West Commission; I see the workers and representatives of our Home
+Missionary Society; I see, of course, many representatives of the
+American Missionary Association, and those deeply interested in the work
+of our American Board. So that we have here in this very meeting an
+illustration of these words of the Apostle: 'One Lord, one faith, one
+baptism.'"
+
+Mrs. J.J.M. Angear, in charge of a Chinese Sunday-school in the First
+Congregational Church, Chicago, spoke of her work, her Chinese choir
+singing "Stand up for Jesus," and later a verse of "Sweet By and By," in
+both English and Chinese.
+
+Representative addresses then followed, Mr. Chin Kue speaking for the
+Chinese, Mrs. Elizabeth Winyan for the Indians, Rev. T.L. Riggs
+interpreting, and Rev. Mr. McClellan for the Negro. A verse of "Shall we
+whose souls are lighted," was sung, after which Rev. W.E. Barton spoke
+of the Mountain Whites.
+
+President Eaton's paper was deferred, owing to the lateness of the hour.
+
+After Secretary Strieby had led the Association in prayer and pronounced
+the benediction, recess was taken until Thursday morning at 8:30 A.M.
+
+
+THURSDAY MORNING.
+
+Devotional exercises from 8:30 to 9 o'clock were conducted by Rev. E.S.
+Hill. Vice-President Noble called the Association to order.
+
+The minutes of the previous day were read and approved.
+
+A letter to Secretary Strieby from Col. J.M. Keating, of Tennessee, on
+the "Southern Problem," was read by Secretary J.E. Roy. A rising vote
+was taken, expressing approval of the sentiments of the letter and
+requesting the Association to publish it. Dr. F.A. Noble was instructed
+to correspond with Col. Keating, assuring him of the Association's
+appreciation of his address.
+
+The report on the "Mountain Work," was presented by Rev. D.M. Fisk,
+D.D., who followed it by an address.
+
+District Secretary C.J. Ryder read a paper on "The Debt of our Country
+to the American Highlanders."
+
+"My Country 'tis of Thee," was then sung, after which Secretary
+Ryder's paper was referred to the Executive Committee of the Association
+with reference to publication.
+
+President Taylor resumed the chair at this point and introduced Rev.
+H.M. Tenney, D.D., who read the report of the committee on Secretary
+A.F. Beard's paper. The report was accepted and referred to the
+Executive Committee.
+
+An address on the Church Work was made by Rev. C.W. Hiatt, District
+Secretary of the Association, and was followed by several brief
+addresses on the Mountain Work.
+
+The report and an address was then made by Rev. Graham Taylor, D.D. The
+report was accepted and its recommendations adopted.
+
+After announcements, Dr. Noble was instructed to reply to Dr. Arthur
+Little, of Massachusetts, in response to his telegram of greeting. After
+the benediction by President Taylor, recess was taken until 2 o'clock
+P.M.
+
+
+THURSDAY AFTERNOON.
+
+The Association was called to order by Vice-President Dr. F.A. Noble. A
+verse of the hymn, "In the cross of Christ I glory," was sung. F.J.
+Lamb, Esq., read the report of the Committee on Finance, supplementing
+the report with a brief address. The report was accepted.
+
+The report on Secretary Strieby's paper was presented by Prof. G.B.
+Willcox, D.D. The report was accepted and referred to the Executive
+Committee.
+
+Following this, Secretary Strieby made a statement respecting the Hand
+Fund. Dr. E.P. Goodwin, President Salisbury and President W.M. Taylor
+spoke on the Financial Report, and the report was adopted.
+
+The Association then adjourned to the chapel, and the church was
+occupied by the Woman's Missionary Meeting under the auspices of the
+Woman's Bureau of the Association. Mrs. George M. Lane, of Detroit,
+Michigan, presided. The report was made by the Secretary, Miss D.E.
+Emerson, after which addresses were made by the missionaries: On the
+mountain work, by Miss Hayes, of Tennessee; on the colored people, by
+Mrs. Shaw, of Georgia, and Miss Plant, of Mississippi; and on the
+Indians, by Miss Barnaby, a native teacher.
+
+The Nominating Committee reported the following list of officers for the
+ensuing year:
+
+
+_President_,
+
+  REV. WM. M. TAYLOR, D.D., LL.D., N.Y.
+
+
+_Vice-Presidents_,
+
+  REV. A.J.F. BEHRENDS, D.D., N.Y.
+  REV. F.A. NOBLE, D.D., Ill.
+  REV. ALEX. McKENZIE, D.D., Mass.
+  REV. D.O. MEARS, D.D., Mass
+  REV. HENRY HOPKINS, D.D., Mo.
+
+
+_Corresponding Secretaries_,
+
+  REV. M.E. STRIEBY, D.D., 56 Reade Street, N.Y.
+  REV. A.F. BEARD, D.D., 56 Reade Street, N.Y.
+
+
+_Recording Secretary_,
+
+  REV. M.E. STRIEBY, D.D., 56 Reade Street, N.Y.
+
+
+_Treasurer_,
+
+  H.W. HUBBARD, Esq., 56 Reade Street, N.Y.
+
+
+_Auditors_,
+
+  PETER McCARTEE,
+  CHAS. P. PEIRCE.
+
+
+_Executive Committee_,
+
+  _For Three Years._
+
+  S.B. HALLIDAY,
+  SAMUEL HOLMES,
+  SAMUEL S. MARPLES,
+  CHARLES L. MEAD,
+  ELBERT B. MONROE.
+
+  _For One Year._--ALBERT J. LYMAN.
+
+A ballot was taken and the brethren named were elected. After the
+benediction by the President, recess was taken until 7:30 P.M.
+
+
+THURSDAY EVENING.
+
+The Association was called to order by President Taylor. "Stand up,
+stand up for Jesus," was sung, after which Rev. Simeon Gilbert, D.D.,
+led in prayer.
+
+The records of the previous sessions of the day were read and approved,
+and the Secretary was instructed to complete the minutes.
+
+The invitation to hold the next Annual Meeting in Northampton,
+Massachusetts, was accepted.
+
+President George A. Gates, of Iowa College, addressed the Association,
+and was followed by an address by President Cyrus Northrop, D.D., of
+Minnesota, and also by President E.D. Eaton, D.D., of Wisconsin.
+
+The closing address of the Association was made by President Taylor.
+
+The following minute read by Secretary Roy was then adopted:
+
+     When, just eighteen years ago, this city was smoldering in the
+     ruins of the great fire, which had consumed the holy and
+     beautiful house of this New England Church and the homes of
+     every family in it, the pastor, searching among the ashes
+     within these walls for some memento, found a charred leaf of
+     the pulpit hymn-book on which he was able to decipher these
+     words:
+
+         "Daughter of Zion, awake from the dust,
+         Exalt thy fallen head:
+         Rebuild thy walls, thy bounds enlarge,
+         And send thy heralds forth."
+
+     That hymn was sung at the first service in the rough board
+     tabernacle erected upon this spot.
+
+     We give thanks to God this day for the faith and courage by
+     which this people did awake from the dust and rebuild these
+     walls, and by which they have gone on building up their
+     spiritual temple and participating largely in the whole round
+     of service for extending the Redeemer's kingdom, a part of
+     which has been the inviting and the welcoming of this
+     missionary convocation to their sanctuary and to their homes,
+     and for which, to them, along with all others in the sister
+     churches who have joined them on this occasion in exercising
+     this grace of hospitality, we express our heartiest thanks.
+
+     We here call to mind with grateful emotion one of the manliest
+     of men, one of the truest disciples of Christ, Dea. C.G.
+     Hammond, who counted it an honor to have ministered at this
+     altar from the day of its setting up to the day of his
+     translation, and who for many years had served as one of the
+     Vice-Presidents of this Association, and had been giving
+     largely of his substance to its treasury.
+
+     At this closing hour, we are also thankfully reminded that the
+     First Congregational Church of this city was ready thirty years
+     ago to entertain this Association in the days of its weakness
+     and of its cross-bearing witness for Christ and for his lowly
+     poor: and likewise, ten years ago, to open its doors to receive
+     the same body then brought along by the providence of God to a
+     position of honor and extended usefulness.
+
+     And so we gratefully name the Union Park Church, which is now
+     lending us its pastor as one of our Vice-Presidents, and which,
+     with the other two churches mentioned, has furnished us with
+     the three grand annual sermons of Drs. Goodwin, Noble, and
+     Little, and the Plymouth Church, which, from the day of its
+     organization, with its testimony and its offerings, has stood
+     by this Association, and all the other churches of this
+     vicinage, grown now to be such a comely sisterhood, which have
+     shared with these others in the support of our work.
+
+     To the four great railway passenger associations, which have
+     extended to us their courtesies; to the city press, which has
+     so immensely broadened the influence of this missionary
+     convocation; to the gentlemen who, at no small sacrifice of
+     time and labor, have honored this occasion by their addresses,
+     reports, and clerical service; and to our honored and beloved
+     President, who has guided our deliberations with such skill and
+     grace, we express our obligations of thanks.
+
+Rev. Norman Seaver, D.D., responded for the New England Church. He said
+there was a saying that lightning never struck the same place twice,
+yet, though it fell to him to welcome the Association, it had also
+fallen to him to respond to this vote of thanks. He had asked Secretary
+Beard what he would say on this occasion, and was answered, in his witty
+way, "Tell us Godspeed, and we are glad to get rid of you." Dr. Seaver
+felt that the local people were the recipients, and the visitors the
+benefactors in what had been done. The President had inspired them with
+his spirit; he had not withdrawn his presence, and very late might he
+return to the heavens. Students and young ministers had been benefited
+by listening to those many learned men and devoted servants of God, and
+were inspired for future usefulness. "We are not the benefactors, we are
+the recipients, and we wish you Godspeed."
+
+After having sung the doxology, with the benediction by President
+Taylor, the Association adjourned, to meet at Northampton,
+Massachusetts, for its next Annual Meeting.
+
+
+  J.C. ARMSTRONG, }
+                  } _Secretaries._
+  E.S. WILLIAMS,  }
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+SUMMARY OF TREASURER'S REPORT.
+
+
+EXPENDITURES.
+
+
+THE SOUTH.
+
+For Church and Educational Work, Land,
+  Buildings, etc.                         $255,083.84
+
+
+THE CHINESE.
+
+For Superintendent, Teachers,
+  Rent, etc.                                11,070.75
+
+
+THE INDIANS.
+
+For Church and Educational Work,
+  Buildings, etc.                           51,781.00
+
+
+FOREIGN MISSIONS.
+
+For Superintendent, Missionaries, etc.,
+  for Missions in Africa, income paid
+  to the A.B.C.F.M.                          4,754.22
+
+For Support of Aged Missionary,
+  Jamaica, W.I.                                250.00
+
+
+PUBLICATIONS.
+
+For American Missionary, (23,200 monthly),
+  Annual Reports, Clerk-hire,
+  Postage, etc.                              7,230.31
+
+
+AGENCIES.
+
+NEW YORK.--Woman's Bureau, Secretary,
+  Traveling Expenses, Circulars, etc.        1,361.74
+
+FOR EASTERN DISTRICT.--District Secretary,
+  Clerk-hire, Traveling Expenses, Printing,
+  Rent, Postage, Stationery, etc.            4,589.59
+
+FOR WESTERN MIDDLE DISTRICT.--District
+  Secretary, Traveling Expenses, Printing,
+  Rent, Postage, Stationery, etc.            1,246.33
+
+FOB WESTERN DISTRICT.--District Secretary,
+  Agents, Clerk-hire, Traveling
+  Expenses, etc.                             6,196.97
+
+
+ADMINISTRATION.
+
+For Corresponding Secretaries, Treasurer,
+  and Clerk-hire                            12,505.00
+
+
+MISCELLANEOUS.
+
+For Rent, Care of Rooms, Furniture,
+  Repairs, Fuel and Light, Books and
+  Stationery, Rent of Safe Deposit Boxes,
+  Clerk-hire, Postage, Traveling Expenses,
+  Expressage, Telegrams, etc.                5,541.43
+
+Annual Meeting                                 577.05
+
+Wills and Estates                            3,385.07
+
+Annuity Account                                407.93
+
+Amounts refunded, sent to Treasurer
+  by mistake                                   122.77
+
+                                          -----------
+
+                                          $366,104.00
+
+Debt Sept. 30, 1888                          5,641.21
+
+                                          -----------
+
+                                           371,745.21
+
+Balance on hand September 30, 1889           4,471.67
+
+                                          -----------   $376,216.88
+
+                                                         ==========
+
+
+RECEIPTS.
+
+From Churches, Sabbath Schools, Missionary
+  Societies and Individuals               $189,299.57
+
+Estates and Legacies                       114,020.41
+
+Income, Sundry Funds                        10,947.26
+
+Tuition and Public Funds                    34,126.69
+
+Rent                                           506.36
+
+United States Government, for Education
+  of Indians                                16,408.85
+
+Slater Fund, paid to Institutions            8,899.99
+
+Sale of Property                             2,007.75
+
+                                           ----------   $376,216.88
+
+                                                         ==========
+
+
+DANIEL HAND FUND, INCOME ACCOUNT.
+
+Income received to September 30, 1889                    $36,999.71
+
+Amount expended                            $20,311.15
+
+Balance in hand and appropriated            16,688.56
+
+                                           ----------     36,999.71
+
+                                                         ==========
+
+
+RECEIPTS FOR THE WORK OF THE YEAR 1888-89.
+
+For Current Work                          $376,216.88
+
+Income from Daniel Hand Fund                36,999.71
+
+Total                                     -----------   $413,216.59
+
+
+ENDOWMENT FUNDS RECEIVED DURING THE YEAR 1888-89.
+
+The Daniel Hand Fund for the Education
+  of Colored People, Securities
+  received, face value                  $1,000,894.25
+
+Foltz Endowment Fund, Estate of Rev.
+  Benjamin Foltz. (Balance)                    500.00
+
+                                        ------------- $1,001,394.25
+
+
+  H.W. HUBBARD, Treasurer,
+  56 Reade Street, New York.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+THE AMERICAN MISSIONARY ASSOCIATION--ITS PLACE AND WORK.
+
+BY SECRETARY M.E. STRIEBY.
+
+We commemorate the forty-third anniversary of the American Missionary
+Association. During these years, its place and work have become somewhat
+definitely settled, and I take this occasion to set forth the position
+that it now holds in relation to its constituents, its sister societies,
+and the great work providentially thrown upon it.
+
+1. The Association recognizes the control of its constituents. That
+recognition was one of the corner-stones on which it was founded. It
+sought its members and its funds from persons of evangelical faith and
+practical morality. Of such, it offered membership to any one who
+contributed to its funds. Thus broadly was it placed on a popular basis.
+
+At length, however, it began to be felt by many of its supporters that
+there were evils in this method--that the acts of the society were
+liable to be regulated by the local attendance at each annual meeting,
+and that such meetings might easily be "packed" to carry out a purpose.
+The officers of the Association, true to the cardinal principles of its
+founders of control by its constituents, welcomed the discussion and
+cheerfully accepted the present constitution, which was adopted after
+due deliberation. That constitution designates as voters, life members
+and delegates from the churches, local conferences and state
+associations. The Executive Committee believe that we have now reached a
+satisfactory basis, but if it shall be the will of the constituents to
+make further modifications hereafter, the fundamental principle of the
+Association will dictate a ready acceptance of any change that will not
+set aside the evangelical, missionary, and philanthropic basis on which
+the Association was founded, and that will not impair contracts or
+endanger invested funds. The Association belongs, under Christ, to its
+constituents.
+
+2. The work of the Association embraces all forms of effort in both the
+church and the school. It was organized and chartered as a _missionary_
+society. This was its fundamental aim. It was not till 1869,
+twenty-three years after its organization, that the word "educational"
+was put into its charter. But this change did not alter the character
+of its work--_the school is missionary, the church an educator_--and
+this church and school work are inseparably blended. The people among
+whom it labors are children in knowledge, and will remain so for a long
+time, for there are millions of blacks, mountain whites, Indians, and
+Chinese in our country who cannot read and write. In Northern
+communities where the children grow up in Christian homes and are
+environed in cultured society, with the best of common schools, the
+church finds the material for its membership, so far forth, prepared to
+its hand, but among these millions of unlettered peoples the church, if
+it is to be pure and intelligent, must be the outgrowth of the Christian
+school; and the branches of the tree might as well be expected to grow
+up without the roots, as such churches without these schools. The work
+among them begins in the primary school, and follows them through all
+departments of industrial, normal, collegiate and theological
+instruction.
+
+In all this long process the teachers are with them at every step--in
+the shop, the school, the Sunday-school, the prayer meeting, and the
+church, and often the principal of the school is the pastor of the
+church. Thus the church, which grows up within or along side of the
+school, gets the priceless boon of the personal example and influence of
+these Christian teachers, in refining the manners and in making
+character; and as the pupils are converted they enter the church to
+become its stable members and intelligent officers. On the other hand,
+the families in the church, with their kindred and friends, furnish the
+pupils for the school and help to sustain it by their money and prayers,
+both the church and the school being stronger by their mutual support
+and more potent in their influence in the community than if they stood
+apart. And even after the scholars have left the school and have entered
+upon the business of life, the Association is especially fitted to
+gather them into churches. It has occurred in several instances, in
+starting new churches beyond the range of our schools, that we have
+found them to be made up first almost wholly of graduates and students
+from our different institutions, and that these have remained the most
+intelligent and reliable members.
+
+We have found, too, that when a church was thus organized where we have
+no school, we are very soon importuned to start one. In localities with
+a scattered population there might not be sufficient public funds to
+open a colored public school; in many more places they would sustain the
+school for only two months in the year, and in larger towns it sometimes
+has happened that these public schools were of such a character that the
+parents begged for a Christian school as a means of saving the moral
+purity of their children. Thus, in every way, and under all
+circumstances, the school and the church need and help each other. And
+what is true of the colored people is equally true of the whites in the
+mountains and elsewhere, among whom the Association is working so
+auspiciously, planting its schools and churches in mutual helpfulness.
+
+The suggestion that all the church work of the denomination in the
+home-field be given to one society, and all the educational be
+concentrated in one other society, deserves thoughtful consideration,
+for it meets with this very serious objection, that it provides for but
+one collection for work that now receives two or three. The experience
+of our churches is conclusive against the hope that one enlarged
+collection would be given to the one society. For a time, a brief time,
+spasmodic efforts might, as in former cases, result in some special
+contributions, but the new experiment would certainly be more
+disastrous, if it should fail, than those already tried, because it
+would involve far greater interests.
+
+It is not to be supposed for a moment that such consolidation is
+contemplated in order that the churches may escape the large
+responsibility now resting upon them; and if economy and efficiency are
+the only objects sought, we fear the result would be disappointing. Such
+an arrangement would not save in the number of workers in the field, and
+surely it is not wise business management to leave great interests
+inadequately supervised. Even if the consolidated society were divided
+into separate departments or bureaux, the supervision could not be less,
+if efficient, while the combination would be likely to lead to
+complications, and would weaken, in the several departments, the sense
+of individual responsibility and take away the impulse of historic life
+and achievement.
+
+More work well managed and vigorously pushed seems to me to be the only
+plan that will satisfy the Christian conscience or meet the approval of
+the Master.
+
+3. The work of the Association extends to all races of men. This claim
+is sanctioned by the fraternal agreement existing between it and the
+American Home Missionary Society, by its own history, and by the needs
+of the field. The agreement with the sister society says explicitly that
+the Association is "to pursue its educational and church work in the
+South among _both races_." The history of the Association shows that at
+the beginning the populations reached by it in America were _all white_
+except the Indians and a few colored refugees in Canada.
+
+Its home missions at the North and West were among white people: and so
+were they even in the South before the war. John G. Fee and his heroic
+associates in Kentucky, and Daniel Worth and others in North Carolina,
+founded churches and schools only among the whites. Berea College was
+for whites only, at the outset. It was not till the era of emancipation
+with its overwhelming flood of freedmen that the Association turned its
+direct and almost exclusive attention to them. It heard the voice of God
+in the tramp of these millions marching out of bondage into freedom, and
+in that voice it heard the call to itself, providentially prepared for
+the new era. It answered the call, without, however, abandoning its
+mission to preach the gospel to the whites also; and now, with its
+schools and churches well established throughout the South, with an open
+door to the whites, and especially to those in the mountain regions, it
+hears the voice of God calling it thither. The ready adaptation of its
+methods to these people, and the success of its efforts among them,
+attest the validity of its call and the wisdom of its response.
+
+4. The work of the Association is not a transient one. A New England
+pastor at the beginning of our work for the freedmen, gave me a hearty
+welcome to present our cause in his pulpit, telling me frankly he did so
+the more cheerfully because he thought our work would soon be over--say
+in twenty or twenty-five years. Now that good man believed that home
+missions in the West, and in some of the older Eastern States, would be
+needed well nigh on to the millennium, yet he imagined that the blacks,
+just escaped from bondage, utterly poor, ignorant and degraded, would
+(perhaps he hardly stopped to think how) rise in twenty-five years above
+all need of help from any quarter in their upward struggle! But the
+fallacy of such a supposition is realized more since these twenty-five
+years have passed than it was then. It is now clearly seen that these
+ex-slaves will require for three or four generations the most abundant
+help to bring them up to the level of those Western settlers, including
+the Swedes, Germans and Norwegians crowding in thither, who are
+comparatively well-off and intelligent. And then, after that preparation
+of the Negro has been made, the regular work of home missions will only
+be fairly begun among them. The work for this people, therefore, is not
+transient, and the missionary society that has it in hand has before it
+not only a great but long-continued task.
+
+And for that great work the Association has had a manifest call and
+preparation, and has gained an experience and an influence of peculiar
+value in its further prosecution. The Association has wrought itself
+into the schools and churches, into the industries of the colored
+people, the improvement of their homes, the preparation of their sons
+and daughters for home and business life, and for teachers and preachers
+and physicians; it has wrought itself into their better aspirations for
+both this world and that which is to come. It has won upon the
+confidence and respect of the white people by its unselfish and
+Christian work, its kind but firm adherence to principle, and by the
+blessing it has conferred upon both races in aiding the South in the
+only true solution of its great problem.
+
+The Association has become anchored to this great work by the large
+amount of invested funds intrusted to its care. It has received
+thousands of dollars from the Freedmen's Bureau, from the Avery estate,
+from the gifts of Mrs. Stone and others, and added to all these is the
+large sum placed one year ago in its hands by the munificence of Mr.
+Hand. These several sums aggregate more than two millions of dollars--an
+amount of endowment, we believe, without a parallel among our
+Congregational societies for the home field. While no inconsiderable
+share of these funds is in plant, and therefore increases instead of
+diminishes current expenses, yet the Association is the only legal
+custodian of these funds. They constitute, therefore, a strong evidence
+of the confidence of large donors in its usefulness and stability and in
+the importance of its work, and at the same time they make a strong plea
+for current contributions to sustain that work. God has moved the hearts
+of noble men and women to lay these firm foundations. Will not others
+equally able and far-seeing in their benevolence add to these gifts and
+thus extend these foundations, and will not the churches build thereon
+with diligent and cheerful hands?
+
+These forty-three years under review have been memorable in the history
+of this Nation. They have witnessed the reign of slavery in the height
+of its arrogant domination. They have seen the rising protest of
+conscience and religion against that domination, with the mad resistance
+of slavery, until it culminated in one of the bloodiest wars of modern
+times. They have beheld a united Nation emerge from the conflict, and
+not a slave in all its broad land. They have seen the uplifted hands and
+hearts of the freedmen grasping for knowledge. And, last of all, they
+behold the new power seated on the throne vacated by slavery, dooming
+the colored man to a position of inferiority scarcely less degrading
+than slavery itself.
+
+Along all these lines the sympathies and efforts of the Association have
+run. It pleaded for the slave in his bondage, when to do so cost odium
+and ostracism; it joined with others in the appeal against slavery, with
+the hope that righteousness would avert the calamity of war. When the
+slave came forth free, it went with prompt hands to fit him for his new
+position, and now, as he enters the long and dark struggle against
+poverty, ignorance and race-prejudice, it girds itself for the great
+struggle, armed with what have ever been its only weapons, the light of
+knowledge and the love of the gospel of Christ. The contest may be long,
+the work will be great, but the triumph must be sure. May the church of
+Christ, the patriots of the land, and the abundant blessing of the
+Almighty God strengthen and help us in this great undertaking!
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+THE MISSIONARY VIEW OF THE SOUTHERN SITUATION.
+
+BY SECRETARY A.F. BEARD.
+
+The Southern problem is a National peril. Problems are not always
+perils. This is a problem large with political and religious perils, and
+whether political or religious it can not be ignored, nor can its
+consideration be postponed. It is here. It is our problem. It is nearer
+to the South, and more immediate, than to the North, but it is ours. We
+are not foreigners in any part of this country. It has been settled once
+for all that we are to be fellow citizens in a common country when we
+come from Boston to Chicago and when we go from New York to New Orleans.
+The problem which belongs to a country to which we belong, is ours. This
+might as well be understood. We have no right to take our hands off from
+that of which we are a part and which is a part of us. No part can say
+to another, it is not your concern.
+
+This is true politically. Thrice true is it religiously--Christian faith
+is not confined to State boundaries. It belongs everywhere. The problem
+is not a new one. It has its roots bedded deep in history. When years
+ago it began to be discussed by a few they were called agitators, as if
+the discussion of right and wrong were itself a wrong, as if the letting
+in of light upon the darkness were a deed of darkness. Nevertheless, the
+Nation became thoughtful over the question of the rights of man. While
+it was musing the fire burned, and an irrepressible conflict came. In
+the issue it was settled that no man should be held by another man in
+involuntary servitude in this common and inseparable country.
+
+A quarter of a century has elapsed since this settlement of a problem
+which involved the destiny of two races, and of our whole country. The
+question now before the Nation and before the churches is a corollary
+of slavery. It is the second section of the first chapter. The first
+question was: How shall liberty be proclaimed to the captive and the
+enslaved become free? The second is: Being free, how can the two
+races--as distinct and separate as are the white and black races of
+the South--now equal before the law, live side by side under the same
+government, and live in Christian truth and peace? This is the
+problem, and, like the first, it is irrepressible.
+
+In one sense it is a new question--that is, a new generation of white
+people has in part come forward to participate in the duties of
+citizenship, since all men became men in the law of the land. To them
+the question is practically new. The situation as they find it, is this:
+The Negroes, who, twenty years ago, were four millions, are now eight
+millions. The increase of the blacks above the increase of the whites in
+the period of twenty years, is fourteen per cent. In his work on the
+African in the United States, Professor Gilliam, having in hand the
+figures of our Census Bureau, forecasts with the demonstration of
+mathematics our population one century hence. We do not know what may
+modify his figures, but he computes that at the present rate of increase
+there are to be in the old slave States in one hundred years,
+ninety-five millions of whites and double this number of African
+descent. Therefore, whatever may modify, it is probable that before one
+half an hundred years are over, the numbers of the blacks will furnish
+them sufficient guarantee for their legal rights.
+
+There are those in this presence who have seen the population of this
+republic multiply itself nearly three times. Our childhood's geography
+taught us that twenty-three millions of people lived in the United
+States. Now our children learn that there are sixty millions. Twenty
+years ago four millions of Negroes and eight millions to-day. Therefore,
+as large as the problem now is to us, it will be greater for our
+children if we err in our solution of it.
+
+This race of African descent has been declared by constitutional
+enactment to be entitled to whatever privileges belong to man, as man.
+Standing on this, and beginning with nothing but the heredity of
+hindrances, with the brand of color and the prejudice of race against
+them, this people have climbed up from their low estate with a
+remarkable progress. They have applied themselves to take hold of
+knowledge as no other people ever did in the annals of history. They
+have made great inroads upon their previous illiteracy. They have
+rapidly acquired property. They have developed industrial skill, and
+established the evidences of business facility. They have shown
+themselves capable of good citizenship, both in the understanding of its
+duties and the practice of them. They have vindicated the act of
+emancipation and the decrees of citizenship.
+
+Yet to-day their standing both as citizens and as Christians is opposed.
+The question of their rights is discussed as if it were an open one, and
+in the South it is coming to be increasingly denied. Under the plea that
+it is unsafe for the black man to exercise his civil rights, there
+arises a condition of affairs that can have no standing under our
+government except a revolutionary standing. And the question whether the
+rights of man as man shall be regarded, is to-day a more pressing
+question than it has been at any previous time since the slaves were
+declared to be men.
+
+The Southern press, which both creates and voices public opinion,
+reveals an attitude of mind increasingly hostile to the equal civil
+rights of the black man, for the simple reason that he is not white,
+which is calculated to fill the friends of American institutions with
+gravest apprehensions, and which demands the serious attention of us
+all. Almost every week discloses to us the fact that intimidation,
+oppression and violence do override the government of the land, in its
+application to the Negro people. Influential Southern journals have
+pronounced the Fifteenth Amendment a living threat to the civilization
+of the South, and declare that Christian statesmanship demands its
+abrogation.
+
+A thoughtful book published in New York, written in a calm and judicial
+tone by an able lawyer in Virginia, in its chapter upon the future of
+the Negro, says: "The social aspect of the Negro suffrage is certain to
+_grow more_ threatening as the blacks increase. The motives which have
+led the great body of whites to vote together in this age, must augment
+in force in the age to follow. To day the rapid increase of the black
+population constitutes a greater danger to the stability of our
+government than any that is sapping the vitality of the European
+monarchies. The partial disfranchisement of the Negro in the future
+would appear to be inevitable, essential, if not to the existence of the
+South, then to the prosperity of the Union." This is a temperate
+expression of much Southern opinion.
+
+Not a few hold the view that the education and advancement of the Negro
+tends to create the race problem, and do not hesitate to say that if the
+Negroes could only be kept as laborers in the cotton and rice and sugar
+fields, in the furnaces and mines of the South, aspiring to nothing
+higher and not antagonizing the whites in political matters, there would
+be no race problem.
+
+Six months ago we could quote from an editorial column written by an
+ex-Confederate officer for an influential Democratic paper in the South
+these words: "The duty of the white people of the South is plain. In the
+spirit of _noblesse oblige_ we must sympathize with those who are
+fitting the colored people for the duties of life, remembering what the
+Negroes were to our forefathers and what our forefathers were to them.
+No one can doubt that a Negro has a soul to save. That admitted, he is
+as much entitled to the benefits of salvation as the white man. But", he
+adds, "what do we see? Nearly all the bodies of Christians even, except
+the Roman Catholics, shuffling to set the Negro apart and leave him
+largely to his own ways, shuffling out of their responsibility according
+to the gospel which they profess as their guide, and putting the Negro
+apart in spite of the word of God, whom they worship, that he is no
+respecter of persons. The Negro was brought over here by theft and
+outrage. He is here to stay, and we must deal with him according to the
+golden rule, and as we would wish to be done by if we were similarly
+placed."
+
+This is not a quotation from the National Council of Congregational
+Churches, where such an utterance would both by nature and by grace find
+expression, but it is from the pen of an officer of the Southern
+Confederacy, who knows the light when he sees it, who keeps open an
+honest eye, and who does not hesitate to speak from an honest mind. This
+sentiment balances somewhat of that which pleads against the black man,
+and not a few friends of this kind has the American Missionary
+Association won to itself throughout the South. It never had so many who
+are saying: "Yours is the most practical missionary work ever undertaken
+by a Christian body." "You have won our confidence by your spirit and
+your methods; you have our cordial sympathy." At the same time we
+recognize the fact that both prejudice and partisanship are now making
+strenuous efforts to create the judgment that the Negro should be
+stripped of his civil rights and that his education is going on too
+rapidly. For example, the _Southern Journal_, whose Christian sentiments
+of six months ago, just quoted, with another editor to-day, comes to us
+with another deliverance, probably nearer to the heart of most of its
+constituency, saying: "The Negro is not a fit subject for Northern
+missionary effort. Northern money is not wanted to build him schools,
+and Northern teachers and preachers are not wanted to improve his mind
+nor to save his soul. He should be let alone. He is out in the water:
+let him swim. He should be left alone to work out his own salvation."
+The editor who says we must save him is an ex-Confederate officer who
+has always lived in the South. The editor who says he should be left
+alone is a Northern man who has gone South to live. The first writes,
+_noblesse oblige_. The second does not understand the language. He,
+doubtless, has the largest constituency.
+
+The pulpit also creates and voices public opinion. Our work is coming to
+get many a good word from the Southern pulpit. But a Southern white
+bishop--Bishop Pearce--did not write to unwilling ears when he said: "In
+my judgment higher education would be a calamity to the Negroes. It
+would elevate Negro aspirations far above the station which the Negro
+was created to fill. The whites can never tamely, and without protest
+submit to the intrusion of colored people into places of trust, profit,
+and responsibility." This, you will observe, is from a minister of
+Christ. It is from a bishop of a church. It is from one who prays our
+Lord's prayer, given alike to white and black. "After this manner,
+therefore, pray ye." "Our Father." This is from one who believes in the
+baptism at Pentecost, when devout men from every nation under heaven
+received the impartial benedictions of God. This from one who read the
+story of Peter and the sheet. "Alas, my brother."
+
+All this, then, is the atmosphere of the situation. Some prophetic souls
+are looking out upon a most perplexing and perilous problem with
+profound solicitude, and extending to us their sympathy and prayers for
+our work. More, many more, are teaching and preaching that God has
+created the Negro race to fill forever a place of inferiority, and that
+he must stay down in the bog or in some way be destroyed. It is not
+surprising, therefore, that ignorant white people should give form and
+substance to these hostile opinions in scenes of violence and cruelty.
+They believe in the inherent inferiority of the blacks, and have a
+mighty fear lest this doctrine should prove to be untrue. The Negro,
+twenty-five years ago in absolute poverty and illiteracy, has been
+greedy for education, and has seriously thought of nothing but to rise
+from his low condition.
+
+The intelligent white man now, and to his great surprise, is all at once
+confronted by the intelligent black man. They are not so numerous now as
+to be an element to fear, but the whites are foreseeing the not distant
+day when they can not be relegated to inferiority because of their
+color. The calamity that Bishop Pearce deplores and would prevent is not
+far away--educated Negroes with aspirations, in other words, men.
+
+The general Negro illiteracy is gaining fast upon the white ignorance,
+and the despised Negro is found to be living above many of his
+illiterate white neighbors. This makes it easy work for designing men to
+sharpen race prejudices, which by force and fear shall keep the Negro
+down.
+
+On the Negro side, he has been patient and forbearing. With these
+outbreaks of persecution some are discouraged, and are ready to
+surrender their manhood. On the other hand, some are no longer patient,
+but are enraged. They would retaliate. They feel that defense against
+wrongs is right. An influential Negro paper says, "EDUCATE, AGITATE,
+RETALIATE. Does one strike me? With the power of God on high, back also
+will I strike him." This feeling grows. Add to it the fact that the
+Negro is developing the power of organization. There are leaders. They
+are in their councils and conventions. They are feeling deeply, speaking
+plainly, and organizing efficiently.
+
+This is the situation! "How shall this problem be solved? How shall we
+prevent the conflict between races?" A Southern author says: "These
+problems have been solved in the past in four ways. By reducing the
+weaker race to slavery, or by expulsion, or by extermination, or by the
+amalgamation of the races. Slavery is out of the question--that is
+settled. Equally repugnant is expulsion or extermination. Amalgamation
+is abhorrent." Therefore, the problem will not be solved by any
+historical precedents. The two races must live here in the same
+sections, equal before the law, with mutual rights, and all rights must
+be sanctioned and confirmed.
+
+The American Missionary Association is living with this problem day by
+day. It is trying to see it with the look of Christ. This Association
+foresaw this question forty years ago. It took on itself the preparation
+for it. It guided itself to meet the problem in the fields before the
+armies in the South were disbanded. It went with its distinctive and
+unpopular principles. It went in the patience and love of Christ. For
+the most part it met a natural and unconcealed hostility. It did not
+retaliate even in spirit, but it stood firm in spirit and in truth. It
+has lived on in the South, and taught the same ever-living and
+everlasting gospel for all men, of whatever race or color. Its record is
+before the churches. They have never had reason to feel other than
+grateful to God for its work. Beginning with a great number of little
+primary schools, and with thousands of beginners in the alphabet of
+learning, it has gradually passed into larger and more far-reaching
+influences by teaching teachers and preachers, who shall go, and who do
+go out and reach multiplied thousands.
+
+In order that applied Christianity may have the power of self-help and
+self-care, industries are introduced. In that the people are being
+fitted to save themselves. All of our work from first to last is
+missionary, and instinct with the motive of salvation; our schools are
+means to an end; fitting preachers, teachers, mechanics, home makers to
+meet the problem and the peril. It is not by education that the question
+is to be solved. The missionary view is not simply the educational view.
+This society is not an educational society. Education is not the panacea
+for the ills of man. Ignorance is a great evil, but it is not the worst
+one; sinfulness is worse and more difficult to cure. The one who is
+educated may make trouble and not heal it; secular education can not
+meet the problem; State education can not protect against the peril, but
+sanctified education can, for it has in it the power of God. This
+society is a missionary society which, like the American Board, teaches
+in order to save. You can scarcely save ignorance. This means Christian
+schools not only full of ethics, but vital with faith. It means also the
+twin life of school work and church work. To put these factors apart
+would be a great disaster to each; nay, it would put away from the only
+society that can effectively, and we believe effectually, meet this
+problem, the chief factor in the solution of the impending and serious
+question. Education alone is not equal to this question, and those who
+have won the ear and the sympathy of those who need to come under the
+power of the gospel, who have been their friends and teachers, who have
+their confidence and trust, are the ones to take this gospel to them and
+show them how to take it to others. The schools reach parents, the
+schools reach pastors, the schools reach the people, the schools are
+intertwined with all the church life that has any hope in it. This is
+the missionary view. When this people in the wilderness cried out in
+their distresses, "Who will speak for us?" the Association spoke for
+them. When they needed sympathy, sympathy it gave. When they needed
+instruction, it went to them in the name of Christ. In his name it stood
+for the Negro. In his name it stood by the Negro. In his name it stood
+with him. It stands there to-day. It is his friend and counselor. When
+the Negro is cast down, the churches will hear one voice and they will
+wish their own society to be found faithful in this.
+
+With this charter as a missionary society for schools and churches, we
+present to the Negro race continually the personal hope of souls not
+only, but the hope of the race. When they think that the progress is
+slow we tell them that Christianity is sure. When they tell us that they
+can not wait, but must organize and retaliate, we tell them to wait upon
+God. "Vengeance is mine, saith the Lord." We ask them to remember that a
+quarter of a century, or a century, is a short time in the history of a
+people. We point to a million--a round million--of Negro children in the
+schools to-day. We are teaching them to be men. We are saving them to be
+Christians. We teach them not to remain down and not to be put down.
+Being men, they are to stand like men, but like Christian men, to
+conquer prejudices by worthiness, to meet race hatred with only a
+stronger purpose to command respect, not to render evil for evil, but
+contrariwise, blessing; not blow for blow, but to go on upbuilding
+themselves, deserving their rights, and remembering that a great element
+in the solution of this problem must be an intelligent faith in God.
+With this missionary view we stand firm. We have learned that the
+Southerners of our own race, even when they hold their prejudices
+against our principles, respect those who stand in a Christian way for
+their principles; and that these principles will never be accepted in
+the South by our holding them loosely, or in suspense, or in any sort of
+abeyance. They respect us when we teach our people that they have all
+the rights of manhood and womanhood; that they are to respect themselves
+and to be worthy of self-respect; that they are not to consent in their
+own minds to any assertion of superiority based upon the tint of the
+skin, and that they are never to feel guilty for being black. We are
+teaching the colored people to hold honor with themselves.
+
+What this Association and other missionary forces have done and are
+doing--this Association more than others--will be the balance of power
+to prevent the dreaded conflict of races; _the balance of power_ to
+settle the question; How can the two races live in the same section with
+mutual respect for each other's civil and Christian rights? This may
+take time. Christianity takes time. It is ours to take Christianity to
+teach that the beginning of Christianity was the death blow to wrong
+principles and evil practices of men, however well intrenched and
+fortified these forces may be.
+
+It is this which gives us courage to grapple with centuries of wrong and
+to undertake the slow reduction of these evils. When Christianity came,
+the era of conscience came, and in His gospel is the power of
+intelligence and moral determination that shall not be overcome of evil,
+but shall overcome evil with good.
+
+     "Men bound with right are strong:
+     Right bound with right in Christian faith
+     Will conquer a world of wrong."
+
+The missionary schools and the missionary churches are, we believe, the
+only safeguard against the conflict of races. They are the guardian
+against this national peril. This being so, the churches must speed them
+more and more. They must not hinder them nor tie their hands. The
+guarantees of this peaceful solution are in the hands of the churches.
+Multiply and hasten the Christian energies. Multiply the Christian
+prayers that we may be workers together with Him of whom it is written,
+"He shall not fail or be discouraged."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+REPORTS OF COMMITTEES.
+
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+REPORT ON EDUCATIONAL WORK SOUTH.
+
+BY REV. WM. BURNET WRIGHT, D.D., CHAIRMAN.
+
+It is an ominous fact that in the South illiteracy is steadily
+increasing. It is an encouraging fact that in the region surrounding our
+chartered and normal schools illiteracy is steadily diminishing. The
+colored people are multiplying more rapidly than the means of educating
+them. If the supply of school accommodations to-day exactly equalled the
+demand, so that every colored child of suitable age was provided for in
+some school, there would be at the time of our next annual meeting
+255,500 children asking to be taught their letters to whom we should
+have to say, We cannot teach you. But the supply does not yet nearly
+equal the demand.
+
+In respect to education, the South is a dark sky rapidly growing darker,
+but flecked with patches of lighter shade, which are gradually growing
+brighter and larger. Such a bright space frames each of our chartered
+and normal schools. Fisk University, Talladega College, Tougaloo
+University, Straight University, in New Orleans, and Tillotson
+Institute, at Austin, Texas, are doing work which vindicates each year
+more distinctly the strategic sagacity which located them. In these
+institutions alone nearly two thousand students of both sexes are being
+trained to be light-bearers to their race. Besides these, each of which
+is essentially a normal school, and includes a normal department,
+eighteen distinctively normal schools are sustained at different points
+of strategic importance. Two new schools have been established during
+the year. Good work has also been done among the mountain whites. The
+income from the gift of Mr. Daniel Hand has enabled the Association to
+enlarge its school accommodations, and to assist more than three hundred
+students, who, without it, would have been unable to attend schools of
+any kind.
+
+The committee would emphasize among special needs of the work, funds for
+a girls' hall at Tillotson Institute, and for the endowment of a
+theological school for training colored pastors. Two facts are
+pre-eminently gratifying. The first is that in nearly all the schools of
+the Association some kind of industrial training is provided, and that
+the influence of such training is conspicuously shown in improved ideas
+of home life and comfort among those connected by family or other ties
+with our students. The second fact is, that in all our schools the
+students are taught that the fear of the Lord is the beginning of
+wisdom, and that consequently the separation between religion and
+morality, which is the supreme danger of the Southern black churches, is
+perceptibly diminishing.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+REPORT ON CHURCH WORK.
+
+BY PROFESSOR GRAHAM TAYLOR, CHAIRMAN.
+
+The mission of the American Missionary Association is shown to be a
+_specialty_ and a _unit_ by its church work. It is the work of a
+specialist among Christian organizations that alone could have produced
+these churches. To meet the demands of an exigency which could not be
+met by the pre-existent ordinary agencies, this child of Providence was
+born of God and the times. For the accomplishment of ends for which no
+means had been found, its methods were providentially chosen by a
+process of spiritual selection. Its agencies are the accretions of the
+Divine purpose in its progress toward the salvation of the undermost,
+and the edifying of the whole body of Christ. To the production of its
+unique Christian institutions the exclusive devotion to the study of the
+peculiar conditions of these entirely distinct communities was
+necessary. There have been generated by this devotion and acquired
+through the experience of nearly half a century a knowledge and skill
+which claim for this Association the recognition of the world as its
+foremost expert in the successful application of Christianity to the
+solution of the most difficult race problems of modern civilization.
+
+And yet in the accomplishment of this great achievement, loyalty to the
+common faith and to our own polity, as well as to the teachings of
+experience, demanded only the new application of the old prime factors
+of God's own choice, the _local church_ with its evangelism and
+Christian nurture.
+
+In the work of this Association these two great agencies are uniquely
+one. The pastor is often teacher and evangelist. The sanctuary is
+school-house and mission station. At twenty-three points on the field
+God has made of these twain--the church and the school--one. The church
+is the unit of this unity. For while the church is generally the
+offspring of the school, the school finds both its profoundest reasons
+for existence and its highest consummation in the needs and ends of the
+church. In it the work both of the teacher and evangelist co-ordinates
+and culminates.
+
+It will not be so very long before these schools and colleges will find
+their chief sources of supply in these churches, which although now so
+dependent, must ultimately be depended upon to maintain and develop
+their own institutions. Even now it is to be remembered that the appeal
+of this evangelizing church work meets with the wider and more popular
+response from the giving constituency of the Association, while the
+educational institutions are more dependent upon the larger gifts of
+interested individuals.
+
+Moreover, it is the church which opens the springs of the family life
+from which the schools must draw their scholars. And it is the church
+which creates the environment necessary to the Christian homes, to which
+the graduates are sent back again to live their lives, and from which,
+as the heart's fulcrum, their saved lives can best lift up the lost.
+
+These little church groups of evangelized and educated families are at
+once the prime sources and the constituent elements of the new Christian
+civilization which already heralds the coming of the kingdom to those
+neglected, outcast peoples, to secure whose human rights, Christian
+privileges and church fellowship is the first, loudest, longest call
+upon the Congregational Churches of America.
+
+Therefore, in the name of this Association, whose heroic type of
+missionary and teaching service makes our whole membership and ministry
+the more attractive and ennobling; in the name of its schools which
+became churches, and its churches which are schools; in the name of
+their 8,400 professing Christians, and their 15,000 Sunday-school
+scholars, and the 1,000 converts of the year; in the name of the races
+of three continents to whom the Father is sending these our brethren as
+we are sent to them, we pledge the fidelity of the American Missionary
+Association to the two-fold agency of its one work, the discipling of
+these races by the evangelizing church, and the Christian nurture of its
+schools. And we re-echo the call which the National Council makes upon
+our churches for the $500,000 required by the exigencies and
+opportunities of this year's work for the neediest and most helpless of
+all our fellow-countrymen.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+REPORT ON MOUNTAIN WORK.
+
+BY REV. D.M. FISK, D.D., CHAIRMAN.
+
+The formal report of your committee can without injustice be brief; not
+because the field considered is narrow, or the work unimportant as a
+missionary movement, but from the fact that a certain unity pervades
+both, making it possible to comprehend in one view even the diversities
+of a population of over two millions, and an area of above one hundred
+thousand square miles.
+
+The official summary of the year's work, on which we report, once again
+sets before this Association the situation and its involved problem; a
+situation full of contradictions, a problem at once serious but not
+hopeless.
+
+Here is the amazing spectacle of a self-isolated people, begirt with the
+active life and thought of our eager times, yet sharing neither. Here is
+an empire that is content to live in the past: having rich resources it
+neglects to develop them; a productive soil but niggard crops. Amidst a
+veritable Lebanon of forestry it has shanties for homes; with coal
+deposits that are the envy of the world, its shivering women in
+stoveless hovels attempt to defend themselves about their domestic toil
+with coarse homespun shawls and slat-bonnets. In an age that has
+harnessed mechanism, beast, and steam to the plow, scythe, sickle and
+flail, these owners of mountains of iron and mines of power still
+indolently vex a grudging soil with tools of such barbaric simplicity
+that their intrusion is scarcely more than a provocation to weeds.
+
+Here is needless poverty in the lap of potential wealth, thriftlessness
+in the face of every seeming stimulus to diligence. Here is a
+diversified landscape that should inspire and a climate that should
+invigorate, but in place of vivacity and health we find apathetic
+endurance and intrenched disease. Scrofula and its parasite kin are
+domesticated in the debilitated blood, and pills, calomel, and death
+jointly contend for the prolific cradle, and even when temporarily
+defeated succeed in transforming childhood into unlovely age, without
+the long interval of intermediate active, zestful manhood.
+
+And yet, pitiful as is this exhibit of deficiency, these Highland
+dwellers are none the less men and our brethren. Slavery robbed them of
+their lands half a century ago, and roughly shouldered them off into the
+mountain wilderness dowered with the pauperizing maxims of oppression,
+notably the indignity of toil, and their shrewd native mother-wit has
+been left to rust to dullard loss in the absence of schools worthy the
+name; worse still, their natural devoutness has been warped by unworthy
+shepherds, till superstition, bigotry, and gross immorality have taken
+fierce possession of many a society, hearthstone and heart. If to-day
+the schools are inefficient and some of the preaching blasphemous; if
+self-satisfied idleness has turned over this mountain realm to want and
+the slavery of low living, and (as ever) made woman at once the servant
+and the victim of its barbarism, it is but another historic count in the
+awful indictment of human selfishness. And all these crying deficiencies
+are but make-weights with our conviction of responsibility to this
+mountain flock of God, that often has been misled and unworthily
+sacrificed.
+
+The only problematical element in this matter is the measure of our
+faith in God and man and all-prevailing truth. Wherever the ground has
+been broken by faithful men there is a crop to show as returns for
+invested toil. More than a thousand children are now under Christian
+instruction in our schools. Our pupils are in hungry demand as teachers,
+even to a minimum of years that to us would seem absurd (15 and 16
+years). Over twenty churches are holding up a reasonable religion, as a
+life rather than merely a profession. New fields plead for mission work.
+Our already planted churches and schools are stimulating other
+denominations to redoubled diligence in church planting. Courage is in
+the tone and look of our frontier workers. The officers of this
+Association feel in an aggressive mood. The question resolves itself
+into one of faith and contributions. What, my brethren, shall be our
+answer?
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+REPORT ON INDIAN WORK.
+
+BY REV. ADDISON F. FOSTER, D.D., CHAIRMAN.
+
+The committee on the work of the American Missionary Association among
+the Indians respectfully report that they gratefully recognize the good
+hand of God in the work already done.
+
+Since the American Missionary Association took the work, the
+expenditures have increased from $11,000 to $52,000, the out-stations
+for direct evangelistic effort from seven to twenty-one, and the
+churches from two to six. This last year, the Association has
+established three new out-stations: the Moody station among the Mandans,
+fifty miles north of Fort Berthold; the Moody Station No. 2 among the
+Gros Ventres, twenty-five miles north of Fort Berthold; the Sankey
+Station among the Dakotas at Cherry Creek. It has just put up a mission
+house, with a room for church worship, at Rosebud Agency. It has
+organized anew church at Bazille Creek, some distance out from Santee; a
+branch church at Cherry Creek, on the Sioux Reservation, and is just
+forming a church at Standing Rock, for which a building is now
+completed.
+
+This record is certainly gratifying and shows that the Association
+appreciates the emergency, and is striving to meet it, so far as the
+means put in its hands allow. But your committee feel also that never
+before was there so great an opportunity as now brought before the
+Christians of this land, and especially our own denomination, for work
+among the Indians.
+
+The relations of the Government and of the churches in Indian work are
+now unusually harmonious and kindly. The present Administration is
+thoroughly in sympathy with missionary operations, and will do nothing
+to impair their efficiency. We believe it to be sincerely actuated by a
+desire to promote the best welfare of the Indians, and ready to
+co-operate with all good people in efforts in this direction. It aims to
+educate every Indian child. We desire to see this done, and believe that
+when the Government assumes, as it should, the primary education of all
+Indians of school age, we shall be called on to turn our efforts to a
+much larger work for direct evangelization.
+
+Our opportunity is enlarging further by the breaking down of the old
+pagan prejudices of the Indians. The testimony of all the workers on the
+field is to this effect. The Indians are desirous of living as white
+men. They are rapidly losing their distinctive Indian ideas and are
+imbibing the notions of their white neighbors. This is seen in their
+burials, which now are not uniformly, as of old, on scaffolds, but are
+more and more interments. It is shown in their feeling and behavior when
+death comes into their households. They no longer fill their houses with
+hideous outcries, but instead seek the missionaries to inquire about the
+life in the other world.
+
+A further opportunity is to be noted in the fact that the Dakota Indians
+have specially fallen into our care. Our chief missions are located
+among them, at Santee, Rosebud, Oahe, Standing Rock, and outlying
+stations. But the Dakota Indians number 40,000 in all, or about
+one-sixth of all the Indians in the country. We have mastered the Dakota
+language; and a Bible, hymn-book, dictionary and other books are printed
+in that tongue. We have, then, special ability to carry on mission work
+among them, and are bound to utilize it to the full. The time is ripe
+for immediate action. It must be taken without delay if taken at all.
+The opening up to white settlement of a large strip of land though the
+center of the great Sioux reservations is to bring the Indian into
+contact with the influence of white men as never before. It is
+impossible that that influence shall be altogether good. The contact of
+the Indian with the frontiersmen of our own people has resulted most
+deplorably in the past, and we cannot hope for much better results now.
+Rum and licentiousness are sure to work untold harm to the Indian unless
+they are met by the gospel. This opening up of Indian territory to white
+settlement lays, therefore, a most imperative and immediate obligation
+on Christian people to protect the Indian from ruin by giving them the
+gospel.
+
+We are satisfied that nothing but the gospel will suffice. Education
+alone can not save, and may simply give new strength to evil habits and
+influences. It must be a Christian education; schools should be simply
+preliminary and altogether subsidiary to the most energetic and wise
+presentation of the gospel. The uniform policy of the American
+Missionary Association in all departments of its work has been in this
+direction, and we gladly recognize the fact that its Indian work has
+steadily progressed with the idea of evangelizing the Indian.
+
+We know very well that the Association is laboring for 8,000,000 Negroes
+and for 2,000,000 Mountain White people and for 125,000 Chinese, as well
+as 262,000 Indians. We know that the proportion of the Indians is
+comparatively small. At the same time we urge that this disproportion is
+to a large degree counterbalanced by the special opportunities we have
+considered. The Indian problem is before us for immediate settlement. It
+admits of no delay. Care for these few Indians now, Christianize them
+now, as we may, and the Indian becomes as the white man, and our
+missionary efforts will then be released for other fields.
+
+In this special emergency we feel strongly the necessity laid on the
+Association for an enlargement of its administrative force. Since the
+death of our lamented brother, Secretary Powell, the force at the New
+York office of the Association has been short-handed. We hope that the
+earnest efforts which are being made by the Executive Committee to find
+a suitable person to become another Secretary of the Association may be
+at once successful. An emergency is upon us, and we say this with the
+conviction that the demands of the Indian work are now so imperative as
+to require a large portion of the time and thought of such a Secretary.
+It is a necessity that such a Secretary should frequently visit the
+field and be in constant communication with the workers.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+REPORT ON CHINESE WORK.
+
+BY REV. E.A. STIMSON, D.D., CHAIRMAN.
+
+This is the smallest and least conspicuous department of the work of the
+American Missionary Association, but the one that stands in the closest
+relation to ourselves, and the one also that can show the largest
+returns. The Chinese in America are few in number, but they are
+scattered everywhere, as if God intended in them to put the spirit of
+our churches to a crucial test, and, where that test is endured, to give
+to his servants a prompt reward and an unanswerable confirmation of his
+promises and of their faith.
+
+These strange little men from "the land of Sinim," mysterious, silent,
+capable, incredibly industrious, money-making, with their pig-tails and
+their felt shoes, their "pidgin English" and their unintelligible
+"turkey tracks," their wooden countenance and their "bias eyes," their
+opium, and their "ways that are dark," who, in spite of restrictive laws
+and brutal personal treatment, are filtering in everywhere, until they
+may be seen crouched in the corner of any street car, and are a familiar
+object in the village street--why are they here? here just now and here
+so persistently? It is no mighty immigration of men, such as De
+Tocqueville liked to dwell upon. It is no conquering host, no familiar
+immigration. Whatever may once have been the attractive force of the
+California gold fields, washing soiled linen can hardly be regarded as
+satisfying a national instinct, or thumping through the long hours of
+the night upon an ironing table a soul-filling amusement. Much may be
+said of "the golden fleece," but these are no modern Argonauts. They are
+money-making as our friends the Jews, but no "high emprise" or "grand
+endeavor" fires their calm pulse, and much as has been written of the
+coolie system and the "Six Companies," nothing has been adduced which
+seems adequate to explain the movement.
+
+The fact is, God is in it. He is crowding these heathen upon our
+churches in these missionary days of an opening world, first of all to
+prove our Christianity. Do we believe that all men are brothers? Do we
+believe that the Holy Ghost who renewed our hearts can renew these? Do
+we believe that the Lord who died for us, died for the world? Do we
+believe--not that the world--but that this particular heathen as he
+stands before us in his blue blouse, or sits at our side with his
+reading-book, is as dear to our heavenly Father as you and I are? Do we
+believe that we are to go to him with the gospel to find a way for the
+truth into his heart, to bear his burdens, to win him by love, and that
+without him we ourselves can not be made perfect? Do we believe, in
+short, that God has brought him here to our door that we might learn
+that if we have not a religion that will save, and will make us eager to
+have it save a Chinaman, we have not a religion that will save
+ourselves?
+
+Seven hundred and fifty of these men already members of the churches
+connected with our mission on the Pacific Coast! and who will say how
+many more on the rolls of our churches from St. Louis to Boston! What
+are these Chinese converts, the fruitage of our Sunday-schools and
+prayer-meetings, our personal labor, but God's blessed seal set upon our
+Christian faith! Here is the evidence. Ours is the conquering faith of
+the world. It will save every man, for it has saved these men, no less
+than you and me.
+
+But this is not all. China's day has come. We hear from beyond the sea
+of the new railway, the awful floods, the burning of the "Altar of
+Heaven," and the strange stirrings of the mind of that mighty people,
+the oldest, and judged by its persistent life, the strongest now on the
+globe. Merchants tell us of its limitless trade: diplomatists speak of
+its astuteness and of its new navy, second only to that of England;
+scholars wonder at a nation of heathen with whom learning determines
+rank, and where the "boss" and the fixer of elections are unknown.
+Missionaries write of the throngs that gather in strange cities to hear
+them preach, of the new gentleness and courtesy everywhere shown them,
+and of the increasing number of young people pressing into the mission
+schools.
+
+In the midst of all this, when the Lord's voice is heard calling us to
+lift up our eyes and look on the fields now white for the harvest, comes
+word from our solitary watchman upon the watch-tower in Hong-Kong that
+when he returned to his post, as he did last year, perplexed and
+down-hearted, because not one Christian in all America heeded his call
+and went with him to his field, to his surprise and joy the Lord has
+been preparing his own servants in the person of Chinese emigrants
+coming home from America, bringing with them not money only and
+knowledge of the wide world, but the new-found faith; graduates of
+laundries, but also of our Sunday-schools, members of our churches,
+filled with an eager spirit to tell their parents, their brethren, their
+neighbors, of Jesus Christ. Ah, dear friends, God's ways are not as our
+ways. Let us not be slow to catch his thought and walk where he leads.
+
+Here, then, is the call to us. Begin with the Chinaman at your door.
+Recognize that the Lord Jesus stands before you in him. You prove your
+own faith; you "do it unto" your Lord; you forward the plan of God when
+you take him by the hand and gently entreat him for Christ.
+
+For the same reason you will give your money to support the work of this
+Association. No work has been more devoted, more upheld by prayer, more
+Christlike, or, we may add, more deservedly successful than that under
+the lead of our representative, Dr. Pond, on the Pacific Coast. He has
+already surrounded himself with a band of trained Christian converts,
+who would be a joy in any field, and who are making themselves felt for
+good far and wide. Their influence reaches to Chicago, St. Louis, and
+even Boston and New York. It is ours to see that the Christian city they
+find here is not less Christlike than that which met them when they
+landed on our shores, and that the hoodlum of our Eastern cities no more
+represents the spirit of our churches than does he of San Francisco and
+of Oakland. Let us be careful to show that our hand will be as promptly
+raised to protect the helpless Chinaman from insult on the street as it
+will be to lead his soul to Christ. Let us insist upon it, as Americans
+and as Christians, that no distinction of race or of color shall stand
+between any man and his rights, either in the State or in the Church.
+Then may we hope that all--white and black, Chinaman and American--will
+care less for rights and more for duties, and, in the joy of a true
+brotherhood, will labor together to bring in the day of the Lord. In any
+case, let us, with all our multiform machinery, our conventions, our
+societies, our churches, be not so busy "saving souls" that we have not
+care to save men and women.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+REPORT OF THE FINANCE COMMITTEE.
+
+BY F.J. LAMB, ESQ., CHAIRMAN.
+
+Your committee beg leave to report that they have had under
+consideration the matters committed to them. They have been attended by
+your Treasurer, and they have examined his reports submitted,
+particularly the detailed statement of receipts and expenditures for the
+year closed; also statement of trust funds of the Association; also
+statement of resources and liabilities, and of the income of the Daniel
+Hand Educational Fund for the same period. These statements come to us
+duly vouched for by the standing committee of auditors elected by the
+Association. A summarized statement of receipts and expenditures has
+been printed and distributed at this meeting, which accords with the
+detailed report. Other reports show that the invested funds of the
+Association, aside from the Daniel Hand Fund, are $230,875.78, being
+$500 more than in the previous year. From the statement of resources and
+liabilities, we find that the various colleges, schools, stations,
+buildings, and property constituting what may be termed the plant of the
+Association, amount, at their estimated value, to $745,849. This is a
+large sum, but the investment yields no pecuniary return to the
+Association. It represents the fixed property with which the Association
+carries on its work, and the figures may serve in some measure to
+apprise us of the magnitude of the work being carried on by the
+Association.
+
+The Daniel Hand Fund is a separate and distinct trust, and its income
+cannot be used for the general work of the Association, and may demand
+some further notice before this report is closed. The general condition
+of the fund is found on the printed abstract already mentioned.
+
+We find the system of keeping the accounts clear, convenient, and well
+adapted to exhibit from month to month the exact pecuniary condition of
+the Association, and the restrictions upon drawing money from the
+treasury well calculated to insure safety in that respect, and we find
+the management of the Treasurer's accounts and office in all details
+satisfactory and deserving our commendation. Comparing the gifts and
+work of the Association for the last year just closed with the previous
+year, and the recommendations of the Finance Committee a year ago, we
+find that the year 1888 closed with a deficit of over $5,000, that the
+amount of receipts for that year had been $320,953.42; that the Finance
+Committee then recommended that the friends of the Association should
+raise for the year $375,000 for its current expenditures. It is a source
+of great gratification to find that this recommendation has been nobly
+met, and $376,216.88 have been received during the year just closed, an
+increase of over $55,000; that the deficit of the former year has been
+supplied, and that the Association commences the current year with a
+fund in the treasury of $4,471.67. This we deem substantial indorsement
+of the Association and its work, by the churches, Sunday-schools,
+missionary societies and its individual friends. This report might stop
+here with congratulations for the prosperous year just closed, but the
+duties so well done, and work so well performed, must simply furnish the
+Association a standing place and vantage ground for a greater work on
+its part, and grounds for greater sacrifices and gifts by its friends
+for the year to come.
+
+The National Council, representing the Congregational churches of the
+whole nation, lately in session at Worcester, by a unanimous vote
+recommended that the churches and friends of the work of this
+Association raise for it for current expenditures for the year now
+commenced the sum of $500,000. Is this magnificent sum too much to ask
+for the year now auspiciously begun? Happily for your committee, we are
+saved the necessity of elaborate or studied examination of the needs of
+the work that has been done by the papers read and to be printed and
+addresses delivered from the platform during the meetings up to this
+time. You are thus informed more fully than we could hope to inform you
+what these needs are and their urgency. But we may say that of the
+8,000,000 Negroes in the South it is estimated only 2,000,000 can read
+and write. Add to these the millions of poor whites in the mountains and
+the red men of the West and the Chinese in our land, and we are fully
+justified in asserting that the work of this Association equals in
+magnitude any work of the church, and involves issues of Christianity,
+and patriotism touched by no other work of our age. It is estimated by
+the officers of the Association that through its schools and colleges
+and the teachers furnished by them, who are instructing the children in
+the South more or less every year, perhaps 175,000 are being reached and
+instructed. Assuming that as many are reached by other missionary and
+benevolent societies, we see the tremendous need that can not be
+ignored. This burden is laid peculiarly and urgently on this society and
+its contributing friends. Can we meet this duty with less than $500,000
+for the current year? Your committee say, No. Perhaps you will be ready
+to acquiesce. But let us see what this means. It means that every living
+donor who contributed last year must increase his contribution 50 per
+cent., or the number of donors must be largely increased. A large amount
+was received last year from estates and legacies, namely, $114,020.41.
+This resource is a variable quantity. The Association can not _depend_
+on any increase from this source. Its confidence must be in the living,
+who can give if they will.
+
+Your Committee deem it proper to call more particular attention to the
+magnificent gift of Daniel Hand to the Association. It is quite likely
+that some may suppose, and some may have measured their gifts last year
+in the belief, that the income of this fund was applicable to pay
+current expenses of the Association. But this is not so. The Daniel Hand
+Fund is appropriated to special work, which, although connected
+generally with the work of the Association, is yet not a part of that
+ordinary work for which this fund we recommend to be raised is to be
+expended. Hence all friends of the Association must make and measure
+their gifts to it understanding that the sum we propose must be raised
+without any aid from the income from that million dollars constituting
+one of the grandest gifts of our time. Shall this $500,000 for the
+current work of the Association for 1889 be furnished to it? This is
+God's work. The churches here represented and the friends of the
+Association have the money. It can not be put to any nobler Christian
+use; the needs demand it, and we recommend that $500,000 be raised for
+the Association for its current work for the year now begun.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+REPORT ON SECRETARY STRIEBY'S PAPER.
+
+BY REV. G.B. WILLCOX, D.D., CHAIRMAN.
+
+The paper by Dr. Strieby impresses your committee as an admirably
+comprehensive and discriminating statement of the policy and work of the
+Association. As to the reconstruction of our educational and missionary
+societies, to the suggestion of which much of the paper calls attention,
+and from which he dissents, we should do well to make haste slowly. Some
+time in the future it may become practicable. But we discover no finger
+of Providence pointing toward it at present.
+
+If the thought were to reduce our societies to which these interests are
+intrusted to two, calling for but two annual collections where we now
+have three or four, it needs no prophet to foresee the effect of that on
+the amounts collected. If the suggestion is of the reconstruction, not
+of the societies, but only of the work--if it proposes that our
+educational and missionary enterprises be so divided that no one society
+shall to any extent conduct both--it has certainly an attractive look.
+
+But is it more than a look? The educational institutions of several of
+our societies were born out of the inmost life of those organizations
+and lie on their bosom for nourishment to-day. To ask the American
+Board, for example, to turn over its colleges and schools to some other
+society, for that, of course, is involved in the plan suggested--would
+be like asking one of our Christian mothers to send her babe to the
+foundlings' home. Some of us are old enough to remember that the
+venerable and now sainted Dr. Anderson was at first vehemently opposed
+to the schools planted by the missionaries in India. It was confounding
+things that differ. The work of a missionary society was not to manage
+schools. The schools were discontinued. But the Board soon discovered
+that it was doing its work with but one hand. The schools came back and
+came to stay. Now we conservatives are rather jealous of our progressive
+brethren calling for a reconstruction of the American Board. We know not
+whereto this thing may grow.
+
+If the colleges and schools of the American Missionary Association were
+secular, if they had no vital oneness of life with its churches, there
+might be room for the plan suggested. But they are as thoroughly
+Christian in their aim as the churches. The churches are as
+indispensably educational as the schools. As Dr. Strieby remarks, the
+teacher is often the pastor. The pastor finds a great part of his flock
+in the school. The teachers teach in his Sunday-school. The
+prayer-meeting depends on them for its success. The unseen shuttles of
+mutual sympathy, flying back and forth incessantly, are weaving the two
+together, and working out the one pattern of the Divine life in souls,
+that covers both. The plan proposed would, at least to the eye,
+disentangle all complications. It would lay out the work in the
+Year-Book with clean-cut precision. But vital things are not always
+improved by vivisection. It would doubtless simplify our apprehension of
+the organs of a _man_ to lay the lungs on one side of the table, the
+heart on another, the liver on a third, and the brains on a fourth. But
+how far it would enhance the vitality and usefulness of the man is
+another question. There is an organism which is often, and without harm,
+in that fashion distributed. But it is a mannikin--not a man.
+
+The one most formidable evil among our colored countrymen is their
+deplorable ignorance of the connection between religion and morality--or
+rather the fact that religion, on its outward side, is morality. The
+sable deacon who, when confronted with a list of his sins as dark as his
+countenance, replied triumphantly; "Well, bredren, I'se broke ebery
+commandment ob de ten--but bress de Lord, I'se nebber los' my 'ligion,"
+was no monster of iniquity. He was only saturated and sodden with the
+delusion which submerges Pagan, Mohammedan, and Papist alike, and throws
+no little of its froth over Protestant, too often, that duties toward
+God and toward man are not blended, or even dove-tailed together. But
+they are weights in opposite scales. Be only devout in your penances or
+your hallelujahs, and your life among men is of little account. Now,
+that notion can not be corrected in such a people as that one with which
+we have to do in the South by an occasional Sunday sermon. In the
+day-school it must be reiterated morning, noon, and night in various
+applications, line upon line and precept upon precept. And so, on the
+other hand, teachers, as well as scholars, must be reminded by pastors,
+with a little Puritan iron in their blood, of their Christian, as well
+as educational obligations. One member of your committee who has had
+practical experience in the Southern work reports that some teachers,
+occasionally even now, need to be reminded of the Christian service that
+the Association, as well as the Master, expects from them. But divide
+these different functions, put the churches and Sunday-schools under
+other auspices, and, self-evidently, that temptation would be so much
+the worse. We must have groped out of the morning twilight toward the
+millennial day much further than we have before any such plan can be
+reduced to fact.
+
+Dr. Strieby speaks in the paper of his clerical friend of twenty-five
+years ago, who thought the work of the Association would be transient.
+It reminds us of Mr. Seward's remark that three months would end the
+civil war. We are in for a long campaign. The sad fact is not to be
+blinked that, with the enormous increase of the colored population, the
+illiteracy among them is greater to-day than at the close of the
+rebellion. We have need to sing at times:
+
+     O, learn to scorn the praise of men:
+     O, learn to lose with God.
+
+As Dr. Goodwin grandly told us yesterday, our work is under the Master's
+order. Success is no concern of ours. But success, because it is His
+concern, is sure. Every losing battle in His service turns in time to
+victory. We remember in Count Agenor de Gasparin's "Uprising of a Great
+People," how spell-bound, awe-struck, he appeared to be before that
+magnificent ground swell of the loyal nation, rolling on, as a traveling
+mountain range, to sweep the rebellion as drift-wood before it. The
+eight millions of the freedmen and their children are rising. If, for
+the present, there are refluent waves that sadden us it is God who
+brings in the tide. "And when I begin," saith the Lord, "I will also
+make an end."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+REPORT ON SECRETARY BEARD'S PAPER.
+
+BY REV. H.M. TENNEY, D.D., CHAIRMAN
+
+The committee to which was referred the paper of Secretary Beard
+respectfully report that the "Missionary View of the Southern Situation"
+therein presented impresses us profoundly with the fact that the
+sincerest piety is the most exalted patriotism. It commends itself to us
+as worthy of the most serious attention of the thoughtful of both races
+in the North and in the South. The gravity of the Southern problem, as
+set before us, is little less than appalling. The colored race now looks
+back over a quarter of a century of freedom and recognized rights. The
+traditions and customs and conservative ties of slavery are broken with
+its chains. The ideas, aspirations and manly instincts of liberty have
+taken hold upon the colored people and are becoming controlling. The
+intellectual progress of the many, the political and national prominence
+of the few, the acquisition of wealth, and the marvelously
+disproportionate increase in their numbers, serve to awaken the colored
+race to self-consciousness and a sense of power. It is beginning to
+demand its rights and to be impatient of their resistance and
+suppression. The Samson of the past, bound, shorn and blinded, stands
+to-day with fetters broken, with locks grown long, and with eyes yet
+dim, but with the dimness of returning vision, as one who sees men as
+trees walking. And whether he shall be carried on to complete
+emancipation, intellectual and spiritual, a true manhood, or goaded to
+madness, and driven to bow himself against the pillars of our national
+and social temple, and pull it down to the common ruin of us all, is the
+question of the hour. A race so situated, were there no other factors in
+the problem, would be a peril to any people, and would call for the most
+helpful effort and self-sacrificing zeal and Christ-like patience.
+
+But the white man in the Southern situation is as serious a factor in
+the problem as the black man. In a different way, the incubus of slavery
+has rested as heavily upon him as upon his black brother. The illiteracy
+is not all on one side. If we put ourselves in the place of our Southern
+white brothers, and remember what human nature is, apart from the grace
+of God, we may not greatly wonder, in view of the heritage of the past
+and the real difficulties and perils of the present, that there is an
+intensity of race prejudice, and a bitterness of caste spirit, and an
+increasing hostility to the rising colored population which registers
+itself in outbreaks of violence and bloodshed, in the defiance of law,
+and in crimes against the ballot-box. We may not be greatly surprised
+that there should be intelligent men who regard the education of the
+colored man as a calamity, and deny his rights, and call for his
+disfranchisement. The white man of the South needs emancipation and
+Christian elevation as well as the black. We are the debtors of Christ
+to both races. Leave these two races to themselves without the gospel of
+Christ, and the conflict between them is inevitable, and it can be but
+terrific and protracted, and a dark blot upon the Christian name and
+civilization. Dr. Beard has well said that the problem can not be solved
+by historic precedents. All talk of slavery or peonage for the inferior
+race, or migration, or extermination, or amalgamation, is idle and
+morally repugnant and politically dangerous.
+
+The problem set for our solution by Almighty God is just this--as stated
+in this missionary view of it: How, being free, two races as dissimilar
+as are the white and black races, now equal before the law, can live
+side by side under the same government and live in prosperity and peace.
+This problem must be solved, and it must be solved aright. And we may be
+sure that the ultimate solution of blessing for both races does not, and
+can not, lie in any retrograde movement toward the old darkness and
+bondage, but forward in the direction of the larger light and truer
+liberty of Christ. If the colored race, as a race, seems to have reached
+a point when "a little knowledge is a dangerous thing," its hope and
+ours lie not in a return to ignorance and degradation, but in pressing
+on to that larger knowledge and truer wisdom, the beginning of which is
+the fear of God, and the fullness of which is a hearty recognition and
+cordial acceptance and discharge of the obligations and trusts of a
+Christian manhood and Christian citizenship. The condition of the
+colored race, indeed, is but a necessary stage in its upward and onward
+march. It is no other than we have always had reason to expect would be
+reached. That the mile-stone of to-day marks so great progress is cause
+for profound gratitude. The new features of the situation and the fresh
+difficulties are those, and those only, which are incident to progress.
+
+There is but one solution for the Southern problem, and that is the
+solution for which this Association has labored from the beginning, and
+which this paper urges. Christianity in its highest forms, an
+intelligent Christian manhood, is that solution. It is an impressive
+thought that it is the mission of this Association, more than all other
+institutions and agencies, to develop that Christian sentiment among the
+colored people, and indirectly among the whites, which shall create a
+_balance of power_ which shall save the races and the nation from that
+conflict which without it seems inevitable. This fact is a trumpet call
+to us to press the work of the Association in its schools and colleges
+and churches with renewed vigor and devotion.
+
+And we would especially emphasize the necessity of preserving the unity
+of the educational and religious work of the Association to this end.
+Every teacher must be a missionary as truly as every preacher. And this
+unity of purpose and effort must be felt. Church and school, as in the
+past, must continue to stand together in the minds and labors of the
+people that there may be no exaltation of education at the expense of
+religion. In the dark days of slavery, it was faith in God that
+sustained the Negro, that inspired his songs, and that made him strong
+to endure and patient to wait. And it was by the power of God that he
+was at last set free. Never did the colored man need that faith in God,
+and in an overruling and guiding Providence, more than now, when the
+goal of liberty and equality is so nearly attained, and yet strangely
+delayed. Nobly do the leaders of the race realize that faith, and seek
+to lead their brethren into it.
+
+It belongs to this Association, by all the agencies at its command, to
+teach this people to be patient and to wait upon the Lord, to endure
+hardship, to leave vengeance with the Lord, and, accepting the
+responsibilities of liberty and citizenship, to gird themselves to meet
+them in the spirit and in the strength of a grand Christian manhood.
+This the history of this people warrants us in expecting from them. To
+this manhood, struggle and work we welcome them, and in it we pledge
+them our Christian support.
+
+Let this be the temper of those who hold the balance of power between
+the races in the South, and in no long time the slumbering conscience of
+the Southern white will respond. The noble utterances of the
+Southerners, who already demand that the Golden Rule shall be applied to
+the race problem, prove that it is already waking to life and power. It
+will be felt then that it cannot be safe to sin against God, to despise
+even the least of his children; that it must be safe to follow in the
+way where he leads, to do his bidding, and to give equal rights to all,
+and to treat all men as brethren. And thus the missionary view
+prevailing, and the missionary solution accepted, the perils and
+conflicts of to-day will disappear as the storm-cloud passes, and the
+difficulties of race relations now anticipated will adjust themselves in
+God's way, and in God's time--the way of Christian manhood and
+brotherhood, of righteousness and of peace.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+ADDRESSES ON THE PRECEDING REPORTS.
+
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+ADDRESS OF REV. WM. BURNET WRIGHT, D.D.
+
+When that Egyptian King, of whom we all know, was carving those
+memorials of his greatness which, even as brought to us by the magazines
+of late, have interested us all so much, and when Egypt was the most
+superb power in the world, slave women, of whom the mother of Moses was
+one, were lamenting by the Nile. But the people then to be pitied were
+not the Hebrews, but the Egyptians.
+
+As I think of the future of my country, my anxiety is not for the black
+race.
+
+The two nations which seem destined to exert in the near future the most
+intense and wide influence are Russia and the United States. Before each
+of them God has set essentially the same task and appears to have
+conditioned largely their prosperity upon the way in which they do it.
+That task is to develop into full-orbed free men a vast number of
+citizens who have been dwarfed and twisted by slavery. How to do this
+most thoroughly and speedily is the superlatively important question for
+each nation to decide. In Russia, there is no more acute observer than
+Count Tolstoi: and Count Tolstoi has said to his countrymen, "What we in
+Russia need supremely is three things; they are schools and schools and
+schools." The American Missionary Association, in view of all that has
+been said here these two days, seems to me to be repeating, with the
+emphasis of an adequate experience, those same words; and I think Mr.
+Hand has shown a judgment equal to his generosity in so wording the
+conditions of his gift that it repeats the same thing. The Association,
+whether intentionally or unintentionally, is telling us that what we
+need in the South supremely is "schools and schools and schools."
+
+By schools I certainly do not mean institutions which train only the
+mind or the body, or both. I am perfectly familiar with the picture
+which Mr. Maturin Ballou has drawn of the Alaska Indian using the
+knowledge gained in missionary schools to raise a check. I know that
+education which does not rightly train the will may be giving tools to a
+burglar or weapons to a mad man. The anarchism in Chicago, but for the
+education it controls, would have been like Bunyan's giants--able only
+to gnaw its nails in malice and have fits in sunshiny weather. But the
+American Missionary Association understands this thoroughly. In that
+copy of the year's review which Dr. Strieby sent me, the report of the
+school work was marked with a red pencil, that of the church work with a
+blue one; but the two marks overlapped, the red and the blue, so
+completely that all attempts to separate them were hopeless. Dr. Strieby
+himself could not distinguish between the church work and the school
+work of the Association. No man can. They are indistinguishable because
+they have been inseparable. This is as it should be. This is essential
+to their real success. This is New Testament preaching--discipling; and
+that is what the Master told us to do. The danger of Count Tolstoi's
+leadership in Russia is great, and it is solely this: that he does not
+know that fact. The safety of your guidance, gentlemen, who conduct the
+policy of this Association, is that you do. The education given by the
+State and by the Federal Government has been and must necessarily be,
+almost wholly secular. But the education given by this Association is
+distinctly, not technically, religious. It is rooted and grounded in the
+Bible. And if what I am saying appears to you trite, I am glad of it,
+because it shows that on the substantial facts we are at one and need no
+argument.
+
+There are, however, two facts which sharply distinguish between the work
+we have to do among our emancipated slaves and that set before Russia
+among her emancipated serfs, and which make it more conspicuously
+obvious than it can be in Russia that we need schools. We have, first of
+all, to contend with the prejudice of color. We have been told how great
+that is. I need spend no time in repeating this while the debates at
+Worcester and in the Episcopal Convention at New York ring in our ears;
+while Harvard seniors can not elect for class orator the ablest and
+fittest man they have if he happens to be colored, without eliciting
+from New York newspapers two-column editorials of amazement; and while
+writers as wise, as informed, and as calm as George Cable, are unable to
+write without showing their quivering apprehension of a race war. The
+wickedness of this class feeling is conceded by all good men, and I need
+not dwell upon it.
+
+The cause of it has been largely overlooked, and therefore the remedies
+so often advocated have proved futile. Until the cause is distinctly
+recognized and acknowledged and remedied, the prejudice will remain. The
+cause is this: All freeborn people in every age and clime have had a
+contempt for slaves. That is very near the feeling--mark my words--they
+ought to have. It was stronger in Athens than it has ever been in
+Charleston. It is partly, and has always been largely, caused by the
+wicked pride of mastership, but it has also been largely inspired by the
+perception of those vices and inferiorities which his condition breeds
+in the slave. Ignorance, deceit, cowardice, are contemptible; and
+therefore men who know better fall into the way of despising those who
+are ignorant and cowardly instead of trying to help them become the
+reverse of all these things. In nearly every other nation--there are two
+exceptions that will readily occur to you--save our own, as soon as the
+slave's chains have been broken and the slave's vices eradicated, the
+emancipated man has been absorbed among the class of freemen. There was
+nothing left to suggest that he had ever been a slave. The people forgot
+it. But the black man bears an ineffaceable mark that he belongs to a
+race which has been enslaved; and it is, therefore, in ninety-nine cases
+out of a hundred unconsciously but instinctively assumed that his is
+still the servile character. There is no natural antipathy between the
+white and the black races; if there were there could be no mulattoes.
+The sole reason of the persistence of this caste feeling is that the
+black man bears the mark saying to every one that sees him, "I belong to
+a race that has been enslaved:" and unconsciously men assume, "Therefore
+your character is still a servile character." The prejudice is deep; it
+is almost universal; and so long as there is a God in heaven who led
+forth the Hebrews and overthrew the Pharaohs, there will be no safety
+for this Nation of ours until the prejudice is obliterated, as
+completely as that which once existed and was more intense between the
+Anglo-Saxon and the Norman. If, as has been the case in many another
+land, there should arise an emergency threatening the existence of our
+Nation, and there were one man, and only one, capable of steering us
+through the storm into safety--some Lincoln or Washington--and if every
+voter in our country knew that this man were the only one who could do
+it, that man, if he were black, could not be elected President. Were
+such an emergency to arise to-morrow, we should perish. We should perish
+by suicide, and richly deserve all that we got. There is no safety for
+our land until this prejudice of caste is gone. It never came by
+argument; it can never be argued away. It can not be smothered under
+legislation nor uprooted by resolutions nor effaced by tears. While good
+men feel it they will fight it, but the majority will yield to it and it
+can be decided in only one way. That way was well outlined by a colored
+student in Hampton Institute in the debating club of that institution.
+The subject for discussion was, "How Shall We Black Men Secure Our
+Rights?" The last speaker was black as ebony, and had been bred in his
+early years a slave. When he arose I expected to hear him repeat the
+familiar complaints and suggest the familiar remedies. He did neither.
+He simply said: "My friends, I do not agree with all that you have said.
+I think, as you do, that the way white people treat us in the street
+cars and hotels"--and he might have added, in churches, but he did
+not--"is wrong, unchristian, and cruel." And when he said that, there
+was a pathos in his voice which made me ashamed to be a white man.
+"But," he added, "while I think as you do that it is cruel, I do not
+think that the white people will ever stop treating us as inferiors so
+long as we are inferiors, and I think that they will despise us as long
+as they can. But when we get enough character in our hearts, enough
+brains in our head, and enough money in our pockets, they will stop
+calling us niggers!"
+
+He was right--a thousand times right. We must face the facts and steer
+by them, and not attempt to be guided by sentiment and emotions. So long
+as the sight of a black face instinctively suggests to us rags and
+ignorance, and servility and menial employments, just so long this
+prejudice of caste will endure, and no amount of individual genius,
+culture, or character will be able to brush the mildew of caste from any
+individual black man's brow. That lady may be a Florence Nightingale,
+but if I whisper, and whisper truly, that she came from the slums, that
+her sisters are in the penitentiary, and her brothers are thieves,
+society will never forgive her for not being in the penitentiary
+herself. Society will pity her in ostentatious magniloquence, which is
+far worse than contempt or neglect; perhaps it will clothe her with silk
+and diamonds; but it will never treat her as it would not dare not to
+treat any lady whom it felt its equal. As has been well said, what is
+needed is not patronage nor pity, but fact--the recognition of fact.
+When the sight of a black face shall no longer remind men that it
+belongs to a race of which the immense majority close at hand are still
+showing what we have driven into them by the lash and bound in them by
+chains; when the black face shall have clothed itself in associations as
+full of comfort and culture and Christian worth as a white man wears,
+"Negro" will be as honorable as "Caucasian." And for this, through its
+churches which are schools, and its schools which are churches, the
+American Missionary Association is laboring and praying with splendid
+success.
+
+I would like to remind you of the second point, which is emphasized by
+the statement in the report that a graduate, of Fisk University, with
+his wife, another graduate, has gone to Africa under commission of the
+American Board, and has there shown eminent abilities. Africa is the
+only continent on the planet that has never had a history. For
+millenniums it has been a locked closet. But in the providence of God
+the gaze of Christendom is now concentrated upon it. All the passions,
+good and bad, which push men are impelling the most adventurous and
+energetic of our race to look or to go thither. Love of money, love of
+adventure, love of power, love of man and love of God, are leading men
+to look into the 200,000,000 dusky faces there from which the veil has
+at last been thrown back. Meanwhile 8,000,000 of that race whose
+Christianizing means the regeneration of a continent vaster than Europe
+and the inauguration of a history perhaps to be more splendid than that
+which Europe has wrought out in two millenniums, are here for you and me
+to educate. Do you believe these facts are accidents? Do you believe
+that He who maketh the wrath of man to praise Him and restraineth the
+remainder of wrath has not ordained them according to the counsels of
+his own will? There never can be a Christian education which does not
+plant and foster the missionary spirit. Is it a dream? If so, let me die
+before I wake. Is it a dream that among 8,000,000 of our fellow citizens
+each of whom, as Dr. Strieby told us at New York, is qualified to live,
+perhaps to thrive, in the climate which has proved a grave to
+Anglo-Saxons, each of whom is qualified to visit Africa with a fair hope
+of making himself received as a child returning unto his own household?
+Is it too much to hope that, under the Christian education we may give
+them if we will, enough will desire to preach Christ to the dark continent
+to gem it with life and light as the sky is gemmed with stars?
+
+I am too old to do it, but so complete is my conviction that the future
+of the race in the coming century shall move toward Africa as in the
+ages following Paul it moved toward the North and West of Europe, that
+were I a young man, loyal and devoted to my Master, and trying as he
+told his followers by Gennesaret to read in the morning and evening red
+the signs of the times, I should not go to Africa, perhaps; I would go
+to Tougaloo University, I think, and there devote all my energies and
+powers to instructing black men in the meaning and scope and inspiration
+and promise of the Master's words, "Go ye."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+ADDRESS OF REV. F.P. WOODBURY, D.D.
+
+I feel that I have learned a great deal to-day; and as the last speaker
+spoke concerning Africa, an idea has come into my mind which I may
+express. Here we have on one side of the great ocean, Africa; on the
+other side, America. We have here a race conflict; on the one side eight
+millions of blacks, we will say, and perhaps eight millions of
+irreconcilable whites on the other. And these dominant eight millions of
+white men maintain, with the utmost pertinacity--and they have the power
+in their right hand so far as we can see--that they propose to rule and
+keep down those eight millions of black men. I have seen the title of a
+book recently published, "An Appeal to Pharoah," which is vouched for as
+a calm and temperate discussion of the question whether, after all, we
+are not going to get by this race difficulty by a great deportation to
+Africa. It is a good deal to raise the question of eight millions of men
+leaving one country and going across the ocean and settling in another
+continent. But isn't there something in it after all? Might it not
+compose the differences? I know that the cost would be very large, but
+careful estimates go to show that the cost is not anywhere near the
+amount we spent in our civil war. On the one side, we have these eight
+millions of black men--ignorant, very largely superstitious, still
+somewhat above those of the same color in Africa, and plunged here into
+an antagonism which is deep, and bitter, and hopeless. On the other
+side, we have these eight millions of white people who do not accept the
+results of the war. Isn't it better that eight millions shall go? I
+don't know. I think it deserves serious consideration.
+
+But when the question arises for practical consideration, I think there
+is another and a little deeper question that we ought to remember, and
+that is this: Which eight millions ought to go? Is it these who have
+been faithful to the American flag, who are straight in the line of
+progress that this republic proposes to maintain, who are in the line of
+the development of all the ages, who are looking upward? Or is it the
+eight millions who are hopelessly side-tracked by the purposes of
+infinite God, and who are standing here in this republic, undertaking to
+maintain a conflict that is necessarily one of despair, as sure as God
+is at the head of the universe? Expatriation if you please, deportation
+if you will; but consider the question whether it shall be eight
+millions of American patriots who are to be sent over to Africa or eight
+millions who have come out of a rebellion and maintain their seditious
+and rebellious attitude to-day.
+
+My friends, we all know that we are going to live together. There is no
+more baseless theory on God's earth than that we are going to take eight
+millions of men and send them out of this country, because they want to
+learn something, because they want to live like men and be men and
+citizens, and because God has put them here for our work and our
+education. I tell you, my friends, the immediate problem seems to me
+only one form of a larger problem. What is the problem of the planet
+to-day? Is it not the problem as to which of two theories shall maintain
+itself concerning the masses which are at the base of society? Isn't
+that the problem in every nation? Isn't it the problem here concerning
+white and black, red and yellow alike? There is no possible doubt about
+it. The labor problem, do you call it? Here is one theory which holds
+that the masses shall be kept down. Here is the other system which
+maintains that they shall be elevated. We have got to live with them in
+the world, for I imagine there is nobody talking about sending them to
+the moon. Don't you know, and I know that the world is growing smaller
+every year? Talk about neighborhood--look over this continent. Germany
+is here; Ireland is here; France is here; China is here; Africa is here.
+We are neighbors to everybody. We are touching elbows across the ocean
+all the time. If you send anybody to Africa, why, he is only next door;
+and by and by we shall have air ships that will float up over there in a
+few hours! How are you going to manage this thing? We have got to live
+together in this world, and nearer and nearer to one another with every
+generation; and this country may just as well be the field in which to
+try the experiment out as any other country on the face of the globe. I
+think we are going to try it out to the end. There are symptoms of it
+all around.
+
+But the conflict is here; it is in the air. It is not a conflict by
+sword. You know they tell the legend among the old mediæval stories that
+in one of the great battles on one of the plains of Europe, after the
+quiet darkness of the night had settled over the scene, the field strewn
+all over with the forms of the mangled and the dead, there were seen in
+the shuddering midnight air to rise spirit forms maintaining the deadly
+conflict there, and carrying on the battle of the day. It seems to me,
+in some sense, true of us. The sword has done what the sword could do;
+it can do no more. But the conflict is here in the air, pronouncing
+itself with every event that drifts across our horizon. Harvard sets its
+seal on the brow of Clement Morgan, and the Memphis _Avalanche_ has no
+other word for him than to call him "that dusky steer with the crumpled
+forelock."
+
+My friends, we are going right forward in the field of conflict, which
+is the field of victory. One with God is a majority, and we are
+thousands with God. And we have on our side the weak and the helpless,
+too. I don't want any better aid than that. You know that Burke in that
+magnificent invective against Warren Hastings, when he rose to the very
+climax of it and told the story of those atrocious tortures to which the
+poor and ignorant and misguided peasants of India had been put, how they
+had had their fingers tied together and mashed with hammers, and other
+unmentionable things had been done to them, appealed to the parliament
+and said that if they should refuse justice those mashed and disabled
+hands, lifted high to Heaven in prayer, would call down the power of God
+for their deliverance. Is it not worse to mash and disable a mind and a
+soul than a hand? I tell you the prayers of the poor are on our side;
+and if we had nothing of all this magnificent achievement of this
+Association to look upon, we could look on those hands raised and those
+souls crying out from the social bondage of to-day, as they did from the
+physical bondage of a few years ago, and know that if God be for us we
+need not care who or what is against us.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+ADDRESS OF PROFESSOR GRAHAM TAYLOR.
+
+I have but a very few words to add to this report. The facts speak
+louder than any statement of them can. When skirting the Asiatic shore
+of the inner sea, that lonely traveler, Paul, heard a voice, he looked
+across to the shores of Europe, and there in the night stood a great
+colossal form, not of a naked savage, but a form clad perhaps, in the
+panoply of the Macedonian phalanx, the representative of the Europe that
+then was and was yet to be, the precursor, it may be, to the classically
+informed mind of the missionary to the Gentiles, of that long procession
+of great world conquerors. It was the Man of Macedon who stood there in
+the might of his strength and cried, like the crying of an infant in the
+night, the crying of an infant for the light, "Come: come over into
+Macedonia and help us."
+
+Now, my brethren, this was the cry of the strong for help. This was the
+cry of the peoples that were following the westward course of the star
+of empire. And yet, in their strength, they cried as though they were
+the weakest of woman born. And when that missionary, in response to that
+call, crossed the sea, though he came to that Macedonian city which had
+been the battle-scene of the contending forces of the Roman empire, he
+found access for the gospel into Europe through the open heart of one
+woman--Lydia, a seller of purple. And there, sitting down by the water
+course, where prayer was wont to be made, he just grouped those
+individuals into that unit of God's operations on the face of the earth,
+the local church. And this church was distinguished among the apostolic
+churches for its family traits, for the infusion of feminine grace and
+masculine strength, for the most domestic hospitality and the very
+faults of the close attritions of human life. There he planted the seed
+which has grown into our European and American civilization and
+Christianity.
+
+And so ever at the cry of the strong for help the gospel has had just
+these three great prime factors to present for the solution of the
+problems of every age: first, the home, with its priesthood of the
+father and mother, the sanctuary of the house and the ministrations of
+family life; secondly, the school; and thirdly, between the home and the
+school, the church. When our Lord himself, from all possible sources,
+made selection of the first among the many means he has chosen for the
+redemption of this world, he chose a trained personality. As the medium
+for the transmission of truth, no improvement, no change has been found
+in all the progress of the gospel. By this trained personality--the
+heart that has been led to live with Christ awhile, and then go forth in
+his name and filled with his love to the hearts that have place for that
+love and rootage for that life--this wonderful product of our Christian
+civilization has everywhere been produced.
+
+And I take it that in no one of the Christian agencies known to us are
+these three methods so wonderfully unified, so inseparably united, as
+the home and the church and the school are in the work of the American
+Missionary Association. They are one and the same. They are
+indissoluble. The long experience of this Association through this half
+century of specialized work does fit it, as the report has said, to give
+an almost commanding opinion in regard to the method of the work to be
+pursued among these very distinct classes. From the field as well as
+from the office, and from the experience of those longest at work, we
+learn that the school finds its ultimate aim only in the church; that,
+as a Christian agency, we are to work with the school only as a means to
+the end of building up that body of Christ on the face of the earth
+which is known by the name of his church. I do not see how the
+separation to any extent of school and church work can fail to break the
+unity of administration and hinder the progress of this gloriously
+on-going work.
+
+I have just one word to add in regard to the reflex influence of this
+church work upon the home churches. My brethren, there has been a great
+dearth in candidates for the ministry until very recently. It strikes me
+that there is no such object-lesson in all our land, inviting men to
+consecrate themselves to the noblest of purposes, as the heroic ministry
+of this Association. It needs the heroic element to attract young men.
+It needs something which is very plainly worth their while to live for
+and to work for and to consecrate their energies toward, in order to
+attract them from the allurements of business and material progress
+to-day. The Indian service of the British Government, and even the
+service of the great commercial companies, have that element of heroism
+in it them which has attracted the very best brain and brawn of the
+English race to India. So it seems to me we will have to hold up these
+great organizations, which reach down to the hard places of the land,
+which occupy places that require men to man them, in order to recruit
+the ranks of our ministers. A man needs to know that he will have to be
+all the more a man to be anything of a minister now-a-days, to attract
+him into this great work. And this heroic type of Christian ministry and
+of Christian manhood and womanhood, shown in the half century of this
+society's work and existence, is to my mind one of the great attractions
+upon the best, the strongest, and the most consecrated of those men and
+women who devote their lives to the service of the church.
+
+Its reflex influence upon every other branch of missionary activity in
+the church is very plain. It is to-day--I do not hesitate to say it--the
+hero of our organizations. It takes far less stamina, far less
+consecration, I believe, to go to India, or China, or Japan than it does
+to come out at the call of God and of this agency of His divine
+Providence and enter many a field manned by this Association. In the
+_personnel_ of our theological seminaries I have long noticed that the
+choicest spirits, the men with the stamp of courage upon them, those who
+are not working for place, but for Christ, and him alone, are the men
+who take up this work. They are the men who, when they come back to the
+schools of the prophets, thrill our hearts as no other men do with the
+story of the conquests of Christ in their own hearts as well as out in
+the hard fields which they cultivate for his sake; and there will be no
+more glowing missionary meeting of the seminary with which I have the
+honor to be connected than when the reports of this meeting shall be
+carried back to the brethren. The prayers of the class-rooms, the
+prayers of the missionary meetings, the yearnings of the hearts of the
+men who are preparing to follow in the footsteps of those who have
+heroically led the way, are the wires for these unseen and yet never
+unused electric currents which unite the North with the South, the
+frontier with the citadels of our common Christianity.
+
+We know very well the danger of a false education, of a school without A
+church, education without evangelization, a university without the heart
+of Christ beating in it. Great are the joy and confidence felt in the
+hearts of the constituency of this body that school and church are so
+inextricably interwoven with each other that if you plant a school it
+will develop into a church, and if the church comes it will eventually
+and inevitably re-act, and in a most blessed way in spiritual and often
+in material resources upon the school. We give largely to the school
+because there is a home beneath it and a church around it.
+
+I regard these churches of the American Missionary Association with
+their evangelistic and nurturing agencies, prime sociological factors
+for bringing in Christ's dear kingdom in this land of ours. It is their
+mission not only to remedy evils, not only to restore rights, but to be
+great constructive agencies of a new Christian civilization. For when
+Christ came, he came preaching, not the gospel of the individual, not a
+gospel simply to save that man, that woman, that child, but the gospel
+of the Kingdom, the gospel which this great Association so effectually
+preaches and not only preaches but applies and administers as well. And
+the time will not be far hence when this whole subject of the
+environment of the spiritual life will force itself so imperatively upon
+the study of the churches at home that they will take the type of their
+work and the inspiration for their new developments from the leadership
+of this and kindred missionary organizations which have set them these
+most brilliant examples of being ahead of the thought and the feeling of
+their day.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+ADDRESS OF REV. C.W. HIATT.
+
+More than fifty years ago De Tocqueville gave utterance to these
+prophetic words: "The most formidable of all the ills that threaten the
+future existence of the United States arises from the presence of a
+black population upon its territory." I think that that prophecy has
+been iterated and reiterated before this convention until we ought
+finally to let it rest as an established fact. I believe we are menaced
+by these eight millions of people, who are twice as great in number as
+were the people of the United Colonies when they broke from the
+mightiest naval and military power in history; but I believe that the
+peril that we are menaced by in the presence of this black man arises
+from his perils. There is a peril from the black man, but it is a peril
+secondary to the peril _of_ the black man upon this soil. I do not
+apprehend any uprising by Uncle Tom; but Uncle Tom is dead, and his son
+is here and his friends of a younger generation. These men are being
+gnarled and corrupted and imbruted, and are massing themselves, touching
+elbows one with another; and under the influences of the age in which we
+live are becoming a factor in our civilization which, unless we modify
+and change it under our Christian teaching, will render our Southland
+like that island on the north of the Caribbean Sea where to-day it is
+said that the name of Toussaint l'Ouverture, the original defender and
+liberator, is a hissing and a reproach.
+
+It was a fine augury of the future when the work for the ex-slave began
+at Fortress Monroe in the atmosphere of religion. Mary Peake, meeting
+the advancing multitudes of refugees, gospel in heart and primer in
+hand, as by divine suggestion, laid the pattern of all our succeeding
+toil. Side by side of mutual helpfulness God has placed the alphabet and
+decalogue, the teacher and the preacher, the school-house and the
+church. "What therefore God hath joined together let not man put
+asunder."
+
+The largest, grandest word in the title of this organization is
+"Missionary." When that word drops out its work will be done, for its
+call will have ceased. Our ultimate end and present purpose is, and
+always should be, simply this--to save. We cannot lift our fallen
+brother without the leverage of the cross.
+
+No field is wider, none more difficult, than that to which our eyes are
+turned, embracing as it does four of the five families of mankind. They
+huddle together in the lap of Christendom, but feel no warmth. They are
+a demonstration of the fact that civilization never touches barbarism
+without polluting it. The Indian, finding his highest ideal in the rude
+and tipsy defender of our flag; the Chinaman, taking home more
+heathenism than he brings; the Negro, bound tighter by the vices of the
+whites than ever he was by their iron chains--these three, ignorant of
+the Christ and grasping the satanic weaponry of our sinful land and age,
+together form the most discouraging of mission fields. Our laborers are
+faced by all the serious problems of the foreign land--problems
+unrelieved by a single romantic charm. When we send our missionaries to
+Africa they go to labor among the Africans; and when we send them down
+South they go to teach "niggers."
+
+Notice, then, what the report of this committee signifies in the
+presence of the fact that our laborers not only grapple with foreign
+languages, conceptions, idolatries, habits of benighted peoples, but all
+the time are hindered and assailed on every hand by these Bedouin Arabs
+of our land--the minions of mammon and the slaves of caste. To gather
+and hold and save in such a field as this, is task enough for the finest
+corps in the army of the Lord.
+
+In the presence of these well-known facts, the report of the committee
+adds another chapter to the Book of Acts. It gladdens our hearts with
+thrilling music--the music of ringing sickle and reaper's song. From all
+over this mighty field, from mountain, and savannah, and shore, and
+plain, we hear the resonant footsteps of advancing troops--a solid
+regiment of converts marching in the army of our Christ and into the
+fellowship of his Congregational Church. I want you to notice that this
+church which we have planted in the South is just the kind of a church
+to take these people and assimilate them, to save them and to preserve
+them to their highest usefulness. And why? In the first place, because
+it is a church that will take them in. I saw the other day this
+inscription over a great arch erected in honor of our Pan-American
+guests in the city of Cleveland, "Welcome All Americans." Well, the
+Congregational Church has put three talismanic letters over the portal
+of every church that it has planted in the South and in the West,
+"A.M.A.--All mankind acceptable."
+
+Every convert in our work has cosmopolitan views respecting the
+brotherhood of man. This means that one thousand people have seated
+themselves before an apostolic communion table. White, black, red and
+yellow, side by side in harmony before the broken memorials of the life
+of love. The spirit of color-caste is a post-apostolic devil. The most
+eminent convert of the evangelist Philip was as black as a middle vein
+of Massilon coal. Perhaps that is why they met in the desert and the
+spirit compassionately caught Philip away. The purest church and the
+purest ray of sunshine are alike--they absorb the seven colors of the
+spectrum. When the Creator flung the rainbow like a silken scarf over
+the shoulder of the summer cloud, he drew his color-line. Pentecostal
+blessings fell at Jerusalem, and have fallen ever since on the
+cosmopolitan church.
+
+The second feature of this church that adapts it to ours field is the
+open Bible. Every convert is armed with the shining sword--the sword of
+the spirit, which is the word of God, like the sword in the hand of the
+angel at Eden's gate, turning every way at once.
+
+You do not hear of immorality, gross and fearful, within the precincts
+of our Congregational churches. You do not hear of our people walking up
+the hills of the beatitudes over the broken tables of the law. The
+written word, like the Incarnate, goes into our congregations and drives
+out all the sellers of oxen and of doves. The Word, also, is the
+protection of these people against their greatest foe of this day--the
+encroaching power of the Church of Rome. Do you know that that ancient
+foe of liberty is stalking all across the twelve States of the South? Do
+you know what it means to have the Church of Rome take in hand these
+people of lowly and of feeble intelligence? We do not have to crossover
+to Austria or Italy in order to discern her aims, for the Nun of Kenmare
+has alighted upon our shores, and her alarming words are running through
+the land. Rome knows no color prejudice, and the foot of that great
+despotic power can rest just as easily upon a skin that is black as upon
+a neck that is of the purest alabaster. And the Congregational Church
+down South is the only champion against this papal see, for she has an
+aisle wide enough for five races of mankind to march up to her communion
+table, while the sword of the Spirit guards her portals.
+
+Again, I wish you to notice this fact: That this Church which we are
+planting is not only hiding a multitude of sins by saving these lowly
+people, but it is serving the interests of the State as well. When we
+remember that the polity of our church is a polity of liberty, that it
+teaches that rights and duties go hand in hand, that it takes just as
+much wisdom to elect the pastor of a church as the President of the
+United States, we can see that the moral influence of this polity of
+ours is serving the interests of our commonwealth. The Congregational
+Church is carrying the Pilgrim idea into the soil of the Cavalier.
+Straight University, Tillotson Institute, and these other schools, are
+but the outcropping of that old stone down in an Eastern harbor that we
+call Plymouth Rock. Down South are being planted those two principles
+upon which the great superstructure of our liberty rests firm--a church
+without a bishop and a state without a king. This is what
+Congregationalism is carrying into that land long ruled by
+aristocracies. It is giving these people who possess liberty the
+knowledge of how to use it aright.
+
+Finally we not only hide a multitude of sins, we not only serve the
+State, but we reach forth a long arm to save the world. Awhile ago I was
+in the study of Dr. Ladd. There, spread before us, were relics of his
+well remembered cruise along the Nile. There were implements for rude
+tillage of the soil, there were swords and spears beaten into shape by
+barbaric artisans, there were the cats and lizards and toads, objects of
+worship by unnumbered millions. Thus were displayed in object lesson the
+savagery and idolatry of one of the largest families of man. The Doctor
+placed his finger on the map at Mendi Mission. "There," said he, "I saw
+a row of missionaries graves. Their headstones sadly told the tale of
+the pestilential land. Two months, three months, nine months they
+survived, and then fell to rise no more. No white man can endure the
+clime."
+
+Another time I was at a commencement of Fisk University. I saw Professor
+Spence take two photographs, and hold them up before the gaze of five
+hundred intelligent colored youths, whose faces fairly glowed as they
+looked upon the well-remembered features of two of their alumni, who in
+Western Africa, if I mistake not, are teaching the gospel of Christ and
+enduring the rigors of the climate. And in the glowing features of these
+five hundred folk, I saw the prophecy of a splendid recruiting of our
+feeble forces in that continent which by and by shall not be dark. Ah,
+this work is grand! We are putting the cross of Jesus into the dusky
+hands that shall carry it not only to the land of the pyramids, not only
+to the land of the ancient wall; but, as I believe, there will come a
+day when some child now in our schools of the West, some Apache or
+Dakotan, will rise with apostolic fervor, and going southward along the
+isthmus and over the mountains will put this transfigured cross of
+Christ into the pampas and the llanos through which the Amazon and the
+Orinoco pour their majestic streams.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+ADDRESS OF REV. D.M. FISK, D.D.
+
+It may be fitting to add a few supplementary words corroborative of
+the hopeful view taken in this report on the Mountain Work. At first
+glance it does seem that this is a discouraging field. I need not
+recapitulate what has been said in the report already before you. It
+is sufficiently discouraging; the ignorance and poverty are not the
+worst features. The position of the clergy in many sections--I am
+happy to say not in all--is full of discouragement. The worst thing we
+have to face is the apathy of the people. Their phrase, "We-uns never
+asked you-uns to come here," is certainly most pathetic.
+
+What do we propose to do about it? What do we propose to do with more
+than two millions for whom Christ died, American citizens, in the very
+heart of our Nation, around whom the currents of commerce and industry
+swirl every day? Shall the greatest tidal wave of all time pass them by,
+and they not feel it for a moment? More than all, shall the great gospel
+of God, which is life, and hope, and peace, and home, for us, be nothing
+for them?
+
+I am happy to say that it is not all dark by any manner of means. Your
+committee is hopeful, the members of this Association are hopeful, our
+brethren on the frontier are hopeful. There are very many favorable
+things, and one of the most favorable is their increasing numbers. Do we
+stop to estimate what two millions of souls means? More than thirty
+thousand cradles filled in a single year.
+
+These men respect the Bible. They feel a superstitious regard for it;
+they are not infidel people. They have a simple, childlike faith, and
+the Bible word is to them final. Many things that many of us have to
+contend with, the brethren there do not meet I mean in the field of
+infidelity.
+
+They have great respect for woman if she respects herself. I have the
+statement of one of our workers in the South that a woman can go even
+among these men when they are drunk, and if she respects herself and has
+maintained her character she is perfectly safe in their midst.
+
+This same writer tells me of a young man who went out from one of their
+schools, and kept school in a certain place during the winter, When he
+returned, he said: "Nothing would tempt me to go back there again." Not
+so with the young ladies. It is one of the most astonishing signs of the
+times that really into the feeble hand of womanhood is given the key of
+the situation. They respect these girls, they reverence them and give
+them a place of dignity in their hearts. That makes it possible for
+these women to do a large and splendid work in the South.
+
+Once let these girls that come under the influence of our Christian
+Northern women who go there as teachers, and the graduates of these
+various colleges and schools that we have planted, and are about to
+plant in the South; once let common womanhood in the South that has been
+so much under the heel of this oppression; once let girlhood feel the
+power that has come go girlhood, that to them as young women in the
+cradle of these hills, under this fair sky is given the power to turn
+over in not less than thirty or forty years this whole country for God
+and humanity, for enlightenment and for Christian peace;--once let that
+idea get into the minds of these girls, and we have not the same problem
+that we have to-day.
+
+There is good blood there as well. There is a man in Congress to-day,
+honoring himself and his district and his nation, who went to school
+there, and I know not for how many years wore but one garment. I call
+that pretty good blood when from such circumstances a man can come up to
+such a large place.
+
+There is a transition time with this whole section. New conditions are
+being put upon them. They feel the outside movement of the world. A
+friend of mine is now in the South who has brought up a large quantity
+of lumber in a certain district, and when he finds the right man he will
+plant a school there. Coal and iron are being extensively worked. My
+brother here (the Rev. S.E. Lathrop) tells me that near Cumberland Gap
+four hundred houses have gone up within a very brief time, and over two
+thousand workmen are pushing into a section not before opened. It will
+not come in an hour or in a day; but by and by, when these men face the
+new life of our times, when they have once felt its pressure, and the
+tremendous disparity between their manner of living and the high kind of
+life of Northern homes and Northern hearthstones, they will move, and a
+change will come over the spirit of their dreams. Even now, the native
+preachers, who have been so hostile to our work, are coming to these,
+our pastors, and asking for light on the Bible. Furthermore, our pupils
+are going out and organizing county institutes, and the work is going on
+everywhere.
+
+There is a dark side to it, but I praise God there is a bright side. It
+is like a dam. When the dam begins to go, it will go all at once. Youth
+is on our side. In thirty years we shall not have the same problem we
+have now--no, not in twenty years. Wealth is coming in. A large tract of
+eleven thousand acres, containing some of the finest coal that the world
+knows, is being developed. This means a great influx of population, and
+this wealth is to be developed, and new material power is coming as an
+auxiliary to our spiritual power. This wealth is being converted. A man
+who five years ago was a godless man, and who owns to-day one-seventh of
+these eleven thousand acres of coal lands, was converted. He was made a
+Sunday-school Superintendent, but he could not say the Lord's Prayer;
+yet he was determined that the Lord's Prayer should be repeated in that
+school, and he hired a large number of small boys and gave them a dime
+apiece and told them to learn the Lord's Prayer that week. They did so;
+and when Sunday came, with a chorus to back him, he came on as a solo
+performer.
+
+A dear girl of my own acquaintance dressed, in one morning, fifteen or
+sixteen women and children. They came around her and felt her all over,
+and wondered at the complexity of her garments. I speak of this thing
+because it indicates that that old apathy is breaking up, and they are
+coming to look at new things and feel a new interest in the life outside
+of themselves. And as this same dear girl taught from thirty to fifty of
+these women, they listened eagerly, and the tears rolled down their
+cheeks, and they said to her, "Oh, come and tell us more about Jesus,
+for we want to be different kind of women, different kind of mothers."
+
+There was one girl, coarse enough in fiber, heavy enough in build, gross
+enough in appearance, who came out to one of our commencements, and went
+back with the arrow in her heart, saying, "I would give all the world if
+I had it, if I could write a piece and git up thar and read it like
+them." She went home determined she would go to college. She was a large
+girl, fifteen years old, yet did not know a single letter. She walked
+fifty miles nearly, and came and said to the college president that she
+wanted to work for her board, so that she could enter the school. What
+could she do? He found that really she was incapacitated for doing
+anything; but she said, "I can hoe corn like a nigger." Finally she was
+set at some sort of work, and that girl, after three or four years, went
+out as a school teacher into a district where young men dared not go,
+where her eyes were blistered with the sights she saw--men shot down
+before her face and eyes by the whisky distillers--and she was asked to
+organize a Sunday-school there. When any one starts a Sunday-school he
+is expected to preach, and so that girl had to become a preacher, and
+to-day she is preaching the gospel of God and spreading the work there.
+And yet she came from one of the very humblest classes.
+
+There is a peaceful invasion of this people by themselves. This mission
+of the people to themselves is one of the most hopeful things about this
+work. And when they realize that they have a mission, Pauline in spirit,
+unto their own people, then victory shall come to us.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+ADDRESS OF REV. ADDISON P. FOSTER, D.D.
+
+This Indian problem has been largely settled on its civil side. For many
+years the friends of the Indians have been consulting together, and have
+done their utmost to influence public opinion. And the Government has
+heeded the call--as it always does--of a widely extended and wise public
+sentiment; and, in consequence, our policy with regard to the Indian has
+been very largely re-shaped. To-day, by reason of the Dawes Bill, land
+is open to the Indians in severalty. There is a fair degree of law
+secured for the Indians. The great questions pertaining to their outward
+circumstances are under happy prospect of adjustment.
+
+But, this being the fact, it simply increases the necessity laid upon us
+to meet the requirements of the present day. The door is open for the
+Indian to become a citizen; and in this land, whenever any man receives
+the privileges of citizenship, it is incumbent upon us to see to it that
+he is fitted for that sacred obligation by the church and by the school.
+
+This is a necessity of our republic which we have recognized from our
+earliest day. When our fathers came to this land, they located side by
+side the school house and the church; and, wherever we have sought to
+open the privileges of the suffrage, and the dignities, and honors, and
+joys of citizenship, to any class of people among us, we have always
+felt it to be an imperative necessity to see to it that they had both
+these sacred training schools, the educational institution and the
+religious institution, side by side.
+
+Now to-day we have unusual opportunities. Everything seems to be coming
+to a focus in regard to our work for the Indians. Never has the time
+been so auspicious as it is to-day. Never have there been so many things
+combining to show to us that if we are to improve the opportunity God
+gives us to care for the Indian--this man who held this land before we
+came to it and from whom we have taken our possession--we must do it
+to-day. There are other great needs about us, other races and other
+classes and other conditions; but there is no other class appealing so
+intensely to the sympathies of all our people to-day, as is the Indian.
+This is one great explanation of the remarkable increase of the work of
+this Association among the Indians. How did it ever spring from an
+expenditure of $11,000 annually to $52,000, as it is to-day? Partly
+because the Government has been willing to aid, but still more because
+our people throughout the land have been intensely interested in the
+Indian and have been glad to help him. They have said by their gifts
+that now is the time, and we must leap to improve this opportunity or
+else it will slip away from us forever.
+
+It is the conviction of your committee--and I can voice it most
+perfectly--that we must improve this opportunity before it is gone, and
+that this people who have long suffered at the hands of their white
+brethren have a claim to our earnest Christian sympathy and to our
+heartiest effort to put them upon their feet. They are more than ready,
+they are anxious for our aid, they are crying to us for help.
+
+Now, let me say that the American Missionary Association has always felt
+the importance of working in evangelistic lines. It would be nothing if
+it had not the church before it as an incentive. It works primarily
+through the school; but always with the thought that the school is
+secondary, and that the church is the one great aim before it. And
+unless this incentive were before it, unless it recognized that its work
+was to bring men to Christ, and to bind them together in Christian
+churches, there would be but little to call for the great self-denials
+of Christian workers in the field and many Christian givers in the
+country at large. It is this thought that has ever been held up before
+it--the thought that the church and the school go together, and that the
+school is simply the handmaid of the church. We recognize the fact that
+in Congregationalism especially, out of all forms of religious belief,
+we cannot hope to make men earnest, effective Christians, caring for
+themselves, managing their own affairs independently, and having in them
+the heart to go out and work, unless we cultivate their minds as well.
+And so this Association has sought, and this body of Christians that
+represent the Association has sought, by gifts and by teaching, to
+develop the thought that there always should be an educational work
+going forward that there may be something to build upon. Christianity
+needs education in order to give it its largest power.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+ADDRESS OF REV. THOMAS L. RIGGS.
+
+It was said of Dr. Williamson by an old Indian that he had an Indian
+heart. I, too, have an Indian heart, and I can lay claim to that
+possession as but few can. It would take but a very little while to go
+from here into the very midst of our present Indian field. It took my
+father and Dr. Williamson, when they first entered the field, some six
+months to reach it. I could start to-morrow morning, and taking the cars
+in this city, and reaching Pierre by the following night, could be
+farther off by Saturday, farther from the border of the mission field,
+than my father and Dr. Williamson could after they had travelled six
+months.
+
+I would like to invite you to go with me on a tour of inspection of the
+mission field itself. I would take my two ponies and drive out to the
+Cheyenne River, and take you to one of our out-stations, and show you
+something of the influences at work in the field to-day. As we went up
+the valley, we would see the Indian village located there, and in the
+midst, on a rising piece of ground, the mission station. Over some of
+the houses we would see a red flag flying. That is a prayer, a votive
+offering; there are sick in that house, and that is a prayer to the gods
+that healing may come, and that death may be kept from them. Over on the
+right we would see the dance-house--a great octagonal house with an open
+roof, in which the Indians gather night after night to dance to the
+monotonous beating of the drum. That is a very common sound out in the
+Indian villages, bringing to us always that thought of slavery to evil.
+As we go up to the station itself, we would see something more of the
+work than you have as yet been able to see. If it be on the Sabbath, as
+we go in we would see a young man there, with his audience before him,
+not a very large audience--old men, old women, boys and girls--gathered
+on the rough benches, and very much as they are in their own homes. Some
+of the old women have their hair down over their faces, the boys with
+dirty hands, old men with their dirty blankets, and yet they are
+gathered around there to hear the word of life. The preacher, as he
+stands before them, tells them of God's wonderful love, and takes as his
+text that most wonderful verse in the Bible, "God so loved the world
+that he gave his only begotten Son."
+
+Then, as you look at the man who is preaching there, you would hardly
+recognize in him one who thirteen years ago was a savage, a painted
+Indian. As I look at him it seems a most wonderful thing that such a
+change has taken place. I knew him as a savage; a splendid fellow he
+was, and he is now a more splendid man than ever he was a savage; and he
+is teaching the gospel of Christ to his own people. I have been out
+there seventeen years, and if there were not another result to show for
+those seventeen years of work than the lifting up of this Clarence Ward,
+and making of him a man in Christ Jesus, I should be abundantly
+satisfied.
+
+There is another influence of which I would speak, the influence of the
+home. Here in our happy homes we know but very little of what that means
+to the Indian. An Indian has no home, in our sense of the word. Some
+years ago I went with a party of Indians 175 miles west of the Missouri
+River in the middle of winter. We climbed a mountain and looked away to
+the east. We could see, I should think, 150 miles, and the Indian as he
+sat there on the edge of a rock, covered his head up in a blanket and
+cried. Said he: "This is my country, and we have had to leave it." That
+was his idea of home--such a barren stretch as that, the snow glistening
+in the sunlight. The Dakota Indian lives in a region, not in a place.
+The Christian home coming into the midst of a village carries there an
+ideal of which the Indian knows nothing, and he is taught by the power
+of example day after day. The Christian woman in that home keeps her
+house clean, keeps her children clean, and stands there as a persistent
+example of the power of the gospel of soap, just as the man himself
+there who has become a Christian no longer steals horses. A party going
+out into an enemy's country would go as often for the sake of bringing
+back stolen horses, as they would for scalps. The man who has become a
+Christian is recognized at once as shut out from that privilege.
+
+Reference has been made to the opening up of the reservation, and the
+crisis is now upon us in connection with our Indian work. We have eleven
+million acres of land there just west of the Missouri River to be thrown
+open for settlement. Do you know what that means? Were any of you down
+at Oklahoma this last season? It means the rush of a swarm of people,
+good, bad and indifferent--chiefly bad and indifferent--and these
+settlers will crowd themselves in as a wedge between the two divisions
+of the Indian reservation, and we shall have Indians both to the north
+and to the south. They will be exposed to influences from which they
+have been kept as yet; influences which will tend to uplift in the
+outcome, as well as to degrade. I thank God for it. I thank God that he
+is bringing the white man into the midst of the Indian country. It may
+seem that this is a heroic remedy. So it is, but it is time for heroic
+remedies. We need to meet the question as it comes to us to-day. There
+is a ranchman out on Bad River, who tells me that there is no such thing
+as an Indian question. "Why," said I, "what are you talking about?"
+"There is no such thing," said he. I asked him how he explained it. "The
+simple thing to do is just to treat them as men, and that will be all
+there is to it. That will settle it, and there will be no such thing as
+an Indian question." Treat them as men and make Christians of them, and
+we will settle the whole thing.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+ADDRESS OF REV. HENRY A. STIMSON, D.D.
+
+Referring to Dr. Goodwin's powerful address, I find myself transported
+again to China; but the fact recurs to my mind that this is not a
+foreign missionary society, but a home missionary one, and what we have
+to do is to open our minds to the conviction that it is possible to do
+at home plenty of work for the Chinaman. I am glad to give a little
+personal testimony because what we need most of all is to be convinced
+of the necessity to give time and strength and labor to win the
+individual Chinaman to Christ. Not very long ago there came to my
+knowledge in St. Louis an ordinary Chinaman, comparatively a young man.
+He joined our church and I knew he desired to be recognized as a
+Christian man. About a year before, he had been a member of a
+Sunday-school where ladies were teaching Chinese. Before that our
+newspapers had created great outcry about a case of leprosy in the city.
+This Chinaman appeared at my house in great trepidation. He had been two
+or three years in this country, and had been saving his money in order
+to go back and see his mother's face before she would die, and he hoped
+to be able to return to China in the following fall. He had learned that
+there was a Chinaman, unknown to him, lying ill in a little laundry, of
+a disease of which nothing was known, without friends and without care.
+He took care of this man, leaving his own work for the purpose, and at
+length he came to me asking where he could get a physician to attend the
+patient. I gave him a note to one of the best physicians in my own
+church, who went at once and saw the man, and he seeing it was a strange
+form of disease, went to a specialist of skin diseases, who had the man
+brought to a hospital in order to watch his disease. Rumors of this
+reaching the newspapers, the reporters thought it a good opportunity to
+make a story about leprosy, giving the number and street of an imaginary
+laundry in the heart of the city. Instantly the patronage of the Chinese
+laundries stopped. My Chinese friend was in the greatest distress about
+it, and particularly about me, lest I should think he had brought the
+contagious disease to my house. I could hardly persuade him to enter,
+and then he told me there was no truth in the story of the newspapers,
+and asked what he should do. What was the result of the story? The
+Chinaman took care of his friend in the house and in the hospital,
+paying considerable for his care, and when he recovered sent him to San
+Francisco--in fact, spent about $180 on him, the whole sum he had saved
+to take himself home to his mother, and he did this for a man who was as
+utterly unknown to him as to you or me. He also came to me with a $10
+bill to pay the doctor, saying it was not enough, but it was all the
+money he had, and he would add to it by and by. All we want is testimony
+as to the character of the Chinese. Here was a man not converted by
+Moody or by any service, but by the ministry of an unknown Sunday-school
+teacher; as the result of that simple agency he found a charity so
+Christ-like as to do work like this. That little Chinaman brought to me
+some of his companions, asking me to do something to help them to be
+Christians, and as the result of his work a large Sunday-school is
+to-day in operation. There is abundance of such testimony, I believe, to
+be furnished throughout our land, which we should have before our heart as
+an answer to the anti-Chinese mania which now and then sweeps over this
+country. Help us to carry the gospel to these men of unmeasured
+possibilities, whom God in his mercy has brought across the seas to
+plead at our doors.
+
+This audience can help the Chinese in a better way than giving them
+money. That Chinaman was asked in my house the other day how many hours
+he slept, and he said, "Two or three." "Are you ever troubled by
+hoodlums?" "Yes, every day. They break the windows. Last week they broke
+into my laundry and stole five bundles of clothes, for which I had to
+pay customers $20." "Do you get no protection from the police?" I asked
+him. He shook his head--yes, sometimes, but they were no good. The
+Chinese have the same right to life and liberty that we have, and if we
+get them that, they'll get the money fast enough themselves. We owe it
+to the Chinese that they get protection.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+ADDRESS OF REV. E.P. GOODWIN, D.D.
+
+I rejoice that I can lift my voice at least in a word of commendation,
+if such a word seem in any sense to be needed, in the furtherance of
+this particular kind of work. I remind myself sometimes that this very
+tone of apology is a tone that ought to set some of us, as ministers and
+as brethren, to reconsidering our conception of the gospel. Why,
+beloved, suppose it were an admitted fact that for the next hundred
+years not a solitary Chinaman would be converted. What then? Do you
+imagine that that fact would absolve us from allegiance to the commands
+of the Lord Jesus Christ? You will remind yourselves--I am sure I remind
+myself often--that in respect to our Christian work, the breadth of it
+and the particular departments of it, we have absolutely no option
+whatsoever: that when our Master said to his disciples, "Go ye into all
+the world and preach the gospel to every creature," he made no exception
+of those that might have almond eyes and yellow faces, nor of those that
+might have black skins and woolly hair; that he took in, in that wide
+sweep of his omniscient vision, every nation and kindred under the whole
+sky, and that should exist until the kingdom itself should come.
+
+If it could be demonstrated that it required ten times as much work and
+ten times as much money to convert the Chinaman as anybody else, then
+all the more because of degradation and superstition and idolatry and
+hardness of heart--all the more must I storm the Gibraltar of that
+paganism. The Master's principle seemed to be, "Give ye them to eat."
+The fact of hunger is what lays the law upon the hearts of the
+disciples; and by so much as men are more hungered--if there be one
+nation more so than another--by so much as they are nearer to starving
+for the bread of life, by so much the more are your heart and my heart
+called upon in the name and in the sympathy of Jesus Christ, to respond
+to that cause. Those disciples of that early day might just as well have
+said, "Master, we can not feed all these ten thousand. We will pick out
+those around us, the nearest at hand. We won't touch that set of lepers
+just over there from Capernaum; we won't have anything to do with that
+other set of outcasts and vagabonds drifted in here, some of them from
+Samaria; we will have nothing whatever to do with these wretches from
+Chorazin--gamblers and abandoned people of every sort."
+
+What do you think would have been his response to that sort of argument?
+I think if Peter had given him any such plea as that it would have cut
+him off hopelessly from any apostleship. There would have been a new
+band of apostles that would have been instituted then and there that
+were willing to take the Master's command, take Him as responsible for
+the authority and for the result. They knew better; they knew Him
+better; and though they had their little scant loaves that would not
+give a quarter of a crumb apiece to the great multitude, they said:
+"That is not our responsibility; ours is to obey. It is His to furnish
+when the resources fail." Brethren, that is my theory of missions.
+
+Do you remember the little anecdote about Francis Xavier, that before he
+went abroad as a missionary to China, while he was sleeping with his
+room-mate one night, he startled him by rising in his sleep and throwing
+out his arms with great urgency, as he said, "Yet more, oh, my God, yet
+more!" His comrade wakened him and asked him what he meant. "Why," said
+he, "I was having a vision of things in the East. I was seeing
+missionaries tortured; some of them were being burned, some of them were
+having their flesh torn from their bodies, and in many ways they seemed
+to be suffering in their testimony for Christ's sake. And as I looked,
+the tears came to my eyes, and a voice said to me, 'That is what it will
+cost you if you go on this missionary tour. Are you willing to take the
+cost?' And I said, 'Oh, Lord Jesus; yet more, yet more, if I may win
+these perishing souls.'"
+
+Brethren, it is the call of the hour. These people may become, in my
+judgment, pre-eminently the missionary people. They have been called the
+Yankees of the Orient. They are scattered every whither, in every
+quarter of the world. I think it ought to shame us to have less
+enthusiasm for these for whom Christ died than they of the Romish church
+in the palmiest days of its missionary zeal. God help us that we may
+stand true upon the Pacific coast and all through our land, and that for
+every missionary church abroad there may be a score and a hundred. Dr.
+Williams said, after thirty years' knowledge of the Chinese, that we
+might evangelize China from one end of the empire to the other in half a
+century if we were in earnest. God help us that we may labor and pray
+for the coming of such a day.
+
+Now I believe this: That, so far as the facts go, there is just as large
+a percentage of results to be shown for work among the Chinese as for
+work anywhere. Take it in our city, among some of the Chinese schools;
+take it in San Francisco, take it in China itself. I received on
+Saturday last a letter from Mr. Gray, of Hong-Kong, speaking of a young
+man who had gone out from our church as his assistant in the work there.
+Said he to me: "He is one of the most valuable helpers I could have. He
+not only stands fast by his work, but he also seems to have spiritual
+discernment to meet the peculiar difficulties we have to encounter, and
+there are plenty of them. Here is a man, for instance, who says he would
+whip his wife to death if he should hear of her accepting Christ. There
+is another, a mother, who would let her child starve if she thought it
+was being taught the gospel of Jesus Christ. But among this people there
+is no more successful laborer that I know of than Sui Chung." I knew him
+well. He came into our Chinese Sunday-school, which is held every
+Sunday afternoon. I remember him distinctly, as giving, so far as I
+could see, clear evidence of being born of the Spirit. And I bear
+testimony to these young men now in my church--there are ten or a
+dozen of them--that, so far as I know them and so far as I have been
+able to talk with them in imperfect English or through Chinese
+interpreters, their Christian experience is as satisfactory as that of
+any others. Nay, I will say more than that. I will venture to say that
+the Chinese brethren in my church are more earnest. They sustain a
+Chinese prayer-meeting regularly every Sunday of their own accord in
+their own language, and have kept it up ever since there were enough
+of them to be united together. I frequently look in and talk with
+them; and there is one thing about these Chinese that I greatly
+respect--I never saw them pull out their watches while I was speaking
+to them. I never saw any of them going to sleep; I never saw a look in
+the face of one of them which indicated that he was not profoundly
+interested. I was in their meeting last Sunday, and I told them about
+Sui Chung. Most of these Chinese can read. Some of them are very
+fluent talkers, and some are very intelligent. I suppose we have a
+thousand or fifteen hundred in this city, and a very large proportion
+of them, they tell me, can read the Chinese Bible.
+
+Now, I have great respect for this people, if for nothing more than for
+their history. We have a petty hundred years of history. How many
+hundred have they? Any nation that can hold itself together for 4,000
+years--or shall I say for more?--and that to-day constitutes nearly
+one-quarter of the population of the earth, certainly deserves our
+respect. Any people that can take our own handicrafts and beat us at
+them--and they will do it in a good many directions, and make money,
+even though you may disapprove of their way of living--deserve our
+respect. Any people that can furnish diplomates fitted to stand side by
+side with Bismarck and Gladstone, and our own embassadors say that they
+can, certainly deserve our respect.
+
+One thing more they desire of the Christian church, if it were only a
+debt to be paid. I insist upon it, brethren, that at least Christian
+England and Christian America ought to pay back to them in missionary
+moneys at least an amount equal to that of which we have robbed them by
+the infamous opium traffic, and to-day it is people from Christian
+lands, more than anything else, who are furnishing the difficulties in
+the way of the introduction of the gospel abroad.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+ADDRESS OF PRESIDENT ALBERT SALISBURY.
+
+There are values even in this world for which we have no expression, for
+which we have no definite standard, and of which we have no very clear
+comprehension. They are values, none the less. But there is one standard
+of value of which I think it may be safely said the American people have
+come into a very clear comprehension, that is, of the weight of the
+working power of a dollar.
+
+Most of us know it by pretty thorough experience. We know what a dollar
+costs, how hard it is to get, how hard it is to keep, how little we are
+liable to receive for it when it goes. And, let me say it, I believe
+there are no people on this Western Continent who have any more exact,
+definite, clearly defined comprehension of what a dollar is, what it
+will do, and what it will not do, than the managers of our missionary
+enterprises.
+
+Then, it is sometimes thought and sometimes said that these men who
+conduct church work and missionary work do not know much about dollars;
+that a dollar, a thousand dollars, or a million dollars, is a very
+indefinite thing; and that they ask for a million dollars, or half a
+million dollars, with a great deal of nonchalance, as if it were merely
+a matter of asking. It is not so. When this Finance Committee indorse
+the recommendation of the National Council that half a million of
+dollars be raised for the work of this Association during the coming
+year, they do it from a business point of view, and when the officers
+and managers of this Association second this demand, they know what it
+means. They know better than anybody else in the world knows how hard it
+is to get half a million of dollars. For some years I went up and down
+through the South and West in the service of this Association. I went in
+and out of the rooms at No. 56 Reade Street, New York, and I must have
+been very dull not to know pretty well the inside workings of this
+Association. I have been among workers on the field. I know how closely
+everything is reckoned, how carefully every penny is spent; and I know
+how the demands of the work and the needs press upon the workers in the
+field, so that they look back to those rooms in New York with the
+feeling that somehow there is not a very great deal of liberality there,
+that those officers pare very closely. But these workers in the field
+have no such experience after all as the officers there at the centre of
+things. Those members of the Executive Committee, those Secretaries and
+the Treasurer, sitting there together, and facing the demands of the old
+work and the new, have rolled upon them every day a sense of the value
+of money and of the need of economy such as even the workers in the
+field can not comprehend. I have been there, I am now outside, and I am
+free to say whatever I please; and I make bold to say to you here that
+the work which is alive and growing must have the most money. Increased
+demands must cost. It is a law of nature. Now, then, when this Finance
+Committee come forward to indorse this recommendation that $500,000
+instead of $375,000 be raised for the coming year, they do not at all
+reach the measure of the need.
+
+There is only one thing necessary to get this money and more. It is a
+pretty comprehensive thing. If upon the members of our churches in this
+land as clear a sense of the need of what ought to be done and can be
+done could be brought as comes to those in contact with the work, the
+money would be forthcoming. How to make our people realize the facts in
+this matter is the problem. Money will come when our people know how
+much it is needed, how profitably it is spent, and how grandly it pays
+dividends.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+ADDRESS OF REV. WM. M. TAYLOR, D.D.
+
+Last Wednesday evening at the Prayer and Conference Meeting of the
+Broadway Tabernacle, one of the office-bearers of the church put this
+question to me: "Can we hope to be instrumental in the conversion of the
+Jews, so long as the present prejudice against God's ancient people
+exists among us?" And that inquiry, taken in connection with the fact
+that the Annual Meeting of the American Missionary Association was to be
+held here this week, led me to examine the Word of God, that I might
+discover what incidental light is thrown on the subject of pride of race
+by its histories and other contents, and I mean to-night to put the
+result of my examination before you.
+
+The first and most striking instance of its manifestation which we come
+upon in Scripture is the treatment given by the Egyptians to the
+Israelites. "Every shepherd was an abomination to the Egyptians," so
+they counted themselves superior to the Hebrews, and subjected them to
+the greatest indignities, grinding them under the harshest oppression,
+and exacting from them, by the lash of the task-master, the most arduous
+labor. But mark how their pride was rebuked and their cruelty punished,
+under the moral and retributive government of God. Their land was
+desolated by a series of plagues culminating in the death of the
+first-born, and the people whom they had oppressed made their escape
+from the most powerful empire then existing in the world, without
+themselves striking a single blow. The Lord fought for them. Each of
+these ten plagues was a Divine protest against that national pride which
+arrogated to itself the exclusive right to power, privilege, immunity
+and possession, and which met its merited punishment that day, when "the
+Lord saved Israel out of the hand of the Egyptians, and Israel saw the
+Egyptians dead upon the seashore."
+
+But the mention of the Hebrews in this connection may seem to some to be
+most inappropriate. Were not they, it may be asked, virtually created
+into a separate and exclusive nation, and taught to look upon themselves
+as God's peculiar people? Did not they become proverbial for their pride
+of race, and for saying on every occasion, "We have Abraham to our
+father," and were they not especially the Pharisees among the nations?
+Now it must be confessed that all these questions must be answered in
+the affirmative, but when we widen our view and take into consideration
+the great purpose of God in the formation and conservation of the Hebrew
+commonwealth, we may see reason somewhat to modify our opinion. For the
+settlement of the Jews in Canaan and their restriction within its limits
+were not ends in themselves, but only means for the attainment of higher
+ends which were to affect the moral and spiritual condition of "all
+people that on earth do dwell." The promise made to Abraham was in this
+wise: "In thee and in thy seed shall all nations of the earth be
+blessed;" and it was for the purpose of securing the fulfilment of the
+latter part of that promise that a special and peculiar hedge was
+planted around the vine which God had brought out of Egypt. It was not
+meant to be a permanent arrangement, but was designed merely for a
+temporary emergency, until, as Paul has said, "the Seed should come" to
+bless the world with his great salvation. It cannot, therefore, be
+quoted as furnishing a universal example, or as giving any divine
+approval to that pride of race of which we have been speaking. Moreover,
+even when the Hebrews were selected by God for this purpose, they were
+told over and over again that they were not chosen for anything in
+themselves, and that they had no reason to plume themselves on the fact
+that they were chosen. And when they degenerated into self-conceit on
+the ground of their having been so highly privileged, they were finally
+cast out of the land of promise. Nor is this all. In the system under
+which they were placed by Moses, they were taught to look with
+kindliness on those who came to sojourn among them, of whatever race
+they might be. They were not, indeed, to be a missionary people, or to
+seek to induce others to settle among them, but if others came to dwell
+beside them, hear how they were to treat them: "Thou shalt neither vex a
+stranger nor oppress him, for ye were strangers in the land of Egypt."
+"And if a stranger sojourn with thee in the land, ye shall not vex him.
+But the stranger that dwelleth with you shall be unto you as one born
+among you, and thou shalt love him as thyself; for ye were strangers in
+the land of Egypt. I am the Lord your God. Love ye therefore the
+stranger, for ye were strangers in the land of Egypt." (Exodus xxii. 21;
+Levit. xix. 33; xxv. 35; Deut. x. 19). Lay these commands alongside of
+recent legislation among ourselves with reference to the Chinese, and
+then see what God must think of that blot upon our statute book in this
+age of our boasted enlightenment.
+
+Take, again, the account of the singular retribution that came upon the
+people in the days of David because of Saul's treatment of the
+Gibeonites. These aborigines belonged to the ancient Canaanitish tribes,
+and were so astute as to impose even upon Joshua, and to obtain from him
+a treaty on false pretenses. Still an agreement was made with them on
+the terms that they should be permitted to live in the land, but that
+they should be "hewers of wood and drawers of water for the house of the
+Lord." This contract was faithfully observed on both sides until the
+days of Saul, who sought to slay them "in his zeal to the children of
+Israel and Judah." And what was the result? A famine lasting for three
+years, which was only removed at last by the giving up, according to the
+ancient practices of the Gibeonites, of seven of Saul's sons for
+execution. Now there is much in that old history that is difficult for
+us at this distance of time, and ignorant as we are of the customs that
+prevailed among these tribes, to understand. But no one of us can read
+it without being reminded of our treatment of the Indian tribes that
+linger among us still. Have we not broken almost every treaty that we
+ever made with them? Have we not said, unpityingly regarding them, that
+their destruction before the advance of civilization is inevitable? And
+have we not forgotten that the God of the Gibeonites lives to be the
+avenger of the Indians? If the hewers of wood and drawers of water were
+not beneath his notice long ago, think you he does not see and chronicle
+the wrongs of the Indians to-day, and shall not he render to every man
+according to his works?
+
+Before passing from the Old Testament to the New, I merely mention the
+fact that among the ancestors of the Lord Jesus Christ we find two
+belonging to alien races, namely, Rahab of Jericho, and Ruth the
+Moabitess, whose very presence in that noble line is a prophecy of the
+glorious truth that the Son of David was to be also the Son of man, the
+Saviour of sinners of every name and nation, the kinsman of all races,
+the brother of humanity, and that as he represents them all in his
+priestly intercession yonder, so in each of them we may see a
+representative of him here and now upon the earth.
+
+But now what may we learn from Christ himself in the New Testament? It
+is true that his personal ministry in the world was almost entirely
+confined to the Jews. It had to be so limited at first, if his gospel
+was to gather force for its triumphant march over the world at a later
+day; but even during his life in the world he came repeatedly in contact
+with men and women of races other than that of the Jews, and always in
+such a way as to show his sympathy with them and love toward them. I
+remind you of his long and earnest conversation with the woman of
+Samaria, at the well of Sychar, and of the fact that she was a
+descendant of that mixed nationality which sprung from the amalgam of
+those heathen colonists that were sent by the King of Assyria to take
+the places left vacant by the ten tribes whom he had carried away
+captive. I recall to your recollection, too, his eulogy on the Roman
+centurion, and his constant exposure of the contemptuousness of the
+Pharisees in their attitude not only toward the publicans and sinners of
+their own nation, but also toward Gentiles of every description. Think
+of his dealing with the Syrophoenician woman. She was a Canaanite of the
+old race, and, though at first he seemed to turn her away, yet
+ultimately he gave her all she asked and more: and even his apparently
+abrupt treatment of her in the beginning, if I read the history aright,
+was meant to be an exposure and condemnation of the feelings commonly
+cherished toward those of her nation by the Jews of his day. No doubt it
+tested and strengthened her own faith. But we must not forget that the
+whole conversation with her was meant to teach a lesson to his disciples
+also. It was part of their training for their future life work. It was a
+portion of their preparation for carrying his gospel to all nations. And
+so he spoke out their own thoughts about the women, holding up a mirror
+before them in which they might see themselves, when he said, "It is not
+meet to take the children's bread and cast it to dogs;" and he
+ultimately showed them that she was better far than many who would have
+spurned her from their presence. So from the kindness showed to aliens
+by the Lord himself, we may learn not only to beware of this leaven of
+the Pharisees, but also to deal kindly and truly with men of every race,
+and make them sharers with us in the blessings of the gospel.
+
+But thus far we have not come upon any case where the difference was one
+not only of race but of color. Even here, however, we are not without
+scriptural instances to guide us. You remember that of Ebed-melech, the
+Ethiopian. Jeremiah was, by the cruelty of his enemies, imprisoned in a
+dungeon or water tank, and was sunk in the mire at the bottom.
+Ebed-melech, learning his condition, went and informed King Zedekiah of
+the real state of the case, and obtained a command to take an escort of
+thirty men with him and deliver him from the dungeon lest he should die.
+So with great tenderness the Ethiopian threw down rags to put under the
+ropes which he let down, and by which he was to soften the pressures of
+the cords under his arms as they drew him up therewith from his filthy
+prison; and after they had thus delivered him there came to the prophet
+this message of God concerning him; "Go and speak to Ebed-melech, the
+Ethiopian, saying, Thus saith the Lord of hosts, the God of Israel:
+Behold, I will bring my words upon this city for evil, and not for good;
+and they shall be accomplished in that day before thee. But I will
+deliver thee in that day, saith the Lord; and thou shalt not be given
+into the hand of the men of whom thou art afraid. For I will surely
+deliver thee, and thou shalt not fall by the sword, but thy life shall
+be for a prey unto thee; because thou hast put thy trust in me, saith
+the Lord." Here we have a kindness done by a colored man to Jeremiah,
+and a message sent from God to the colored man acknowledging and
+rewarding that kindness; but O! how many debts of that sort owed by men
+among ourselves to the colored people have been forgotten or repudiated!
+In the agony of the war, colored people fought in the ranks of the
+Northern armies; and I have heard those who have belonged to the
+Confederate side declare with tears in their eyes that the faithful
+watch kept by their colored servants over their wives and families while
+they were absent with the troops was beyond all praise. And yet in these
+days we read every now and then of colored people shot down like dogs on
+the slightest provocation, and prevented on the merest pretext from
+exercising the rights of citizens of this free Republic, and men look on
+and do nothing. But God may say something by and by, and when he speaks
+men's ears shall tingle! We have another illustration of God's treatment
+of a colored man in the case of the Ethiopian treasurer. He was
+returning from Jerusalem, where he had been at one of the great annual
+Jewish feasts, and as he was riding in his chariot he was reading aloud
+to himself the book of the prophet Isaiah, when the evangelist Philip,
+specially sent thither for the purpose by God's Spirit, addressed him,
+and on being asked to come into the carriage with him expounded to him
+the meaning of the passage which he was reading, and preached the gospel
+from it unto him with such good effect that he was forthwith baptized on
+the confession of his faith, and afterward went on his way rejoicing to
+found that Ethiopian church which claims to this day to be one of the
+most ancient Christian churches in the world. He was a man, for he was
+moved by the truth as you and I have been, and he became a
+Christian--"the highest style of man"--to show us that, as Peter said,
+"In every nation they that fear God and work righteousness are accepted
+of him." That which is highest in any man is his appreciation and
+acceptance of the gospel! of Christ, and wherever we see that
+appreciation we have not only a fellow man but a brother Christian, to
+be treated by us as Paul requested Philemon to treat Onesimus--as "a
+brother beloved." Nor let any one suppose that there is a single race
+upon the earth that can not be so transformed and gladdened as this
+Ethiopian was. Even Charles Darwin declared that after the Patagonians
+it could not be said that any race is too degraded for the gospel to
+elevate, and so he gave new emphasis, unwittingly, perhaps, but, if so,
+all the more strongly, to the words addressed to Peter on the housetop:
+"What God hath cleansed that call not thou common;" or those of Paul in
+one of his epistles: "For there is neither Jew nor Greek, there is
+neither bond nor free, there is neither male nor female, for ye are all
+one in Christ Jesus."
+
+This topic is at present greatly occupying the attention of the
+Christian churches in our land. It was before the General Assembly of
+the Presbyterian Church in May last, and has been again discussed at the
+meeting of the Council of Congregational churches in Worcester three
+weeks ago, and in the Triennial Convention of the Protestant Episcopal
+Church, which has just closed its sessions in New York. I will not seek
+to criticise or to characterize the decisions at which these bodies have
+arrived, save to say that in my judgment the Presbyterian Assembly faced
+the difficulty more thoroughly, and disposed of it more courageously,
+than either of the others. But I will say that there is only one
+solution of a question of this sort. Every Christian, when he comes to
+think on it seriously, must feel that to be the case. No compromise will
+satisfy either party to it or will please God, and any settlement to be
+permanent must be in harmony with the inspired statement that "God hath
+made of one blood all the nations that dwell upon the face of the
+earth." But such a result can not be brought about either in the state
+or in the churches merely by legislation. You can not compel either by
+physical or moral constraint the different races to meet on terms of
+social equality. No doubt you can, and you ought to see to it, that men
+of all races stand precisely on the same platform before the law and
+have the same protection from the law. But to get rid of a prejudice you
+must take a different method. You can not uproot that all at once. The
+removal of that must be the result of education and of spiritual growth.
+But when I speak of education I must add that it is not the colored
+people alone that need to be educated here. The white people of all our
+cities, whether North or South, require education as well. They need to
+be taught that the Negro is a man, for at bottom that is not more than
+half believed by multitudes. They need to be taught that the Negro may
+become a Christian, and that there are possibilities of Christian
+missionary enterprise in his race that are absolutely incalculable. They
+need to be taught to look upon the different races of Indians, Chinese
+and Africans among us as dignified and ennobled by Christ's incarnation,
+and as purchased by his sacrificial blood equally with themselves. They
+need to look upon the Christianized among them as brethren in Christ,
+and then the rest will come of itself.
+
+There has been great progress in these recent years toward the result of
+which I speak. The present agitation concerning the color-line, as it is
+called, is itself an indication of progress, and the day assuredly will
+dawn when men of all nationalities and names shall come from the East
+and from the West, from the North and from the South, and sit down with
+Abraham, with Isaac, and with Jacob in the kingdom of our Father. But if
+we as a Nation cultivate the spirit of the Pharisees, and continue to
+despise those who are "guilty of a skin not colored like our own," we
+may be sure that he who visited the Hebrew nation for their treatment of
+the Gibeonites will send also some nemesis on us.
+
+I can not but feel, beloved brethren, that in these meetings which
+to-night come to a close, something has been done to help forward that
+result which under the guidance of the Scriptures we all believe to be
+the right one. We have had a series of most delightful conferences. Now
+let us go back to our homes determined to take the seminal truths which
+have been presented to us here, and scatter them wherever we are called
+to labor. The seed may seem to be but a handful, and the soil may seem
+unpromising as the rocky mountain tops--but be sure the result will be a
+harvest that will shake like the cedars of Lebanon. And though it may
+seem a little incongruous to quote from the Scottish poet--would that
+everything he wrote were of as pure and lofty an inspiration--I will
+venture to conclude with his well-known lines:
+
+     "Then let us pray that come it may,
+       As come it will for a' that,
+     That man to man the world over
+       Shall brithers be for a' that."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+BUREAU OF WOMAN'S WORK
+
+MISS D.E. EMERSON, SECRETARY.
+
+The Annual Meeting of the Bureau of Woman's Work of the American
+Missionary Association, held on Thursday afternoon in the church during
+the session of the business meeting in the chapel, was one of unusual
+interest. Following the Report of the Secretary, there were interesting
+addresses by missionaries, and a very effective address by Mrs. Geo. M.
+Lane, of Detroit, Michigan, who presided.
+
+The Report and some of the addresses will be published in separate
+leaflets, and may be had by application to Miss Emerson at 56 Reade St.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+REPORT OF SECRETARY.
+
+A look backward over the twelve months since our last annual gathering
+reveals much of interest and encouragement, that should fill our hearts
+with gratitude that our woman's work has had such an influence in
+bringing light and gladness to thousands of women and children, whose
+lives have been cast in the dark portions of our Christian land. So
+large an element of Woman's Work enters into the plan upon which the
+field of the American Missionary Association is operated, and it is so
+interwoven with the entire structure of its missions, that any report of
+it as separate and distinct can be only partial. And yet with the more
+systematic organization of woman's work in the raising of funds, we have
+been able to assign special woman's work on mission ground, with most
+satisfactory results, for to have a particular school or missionary has
+stimulated the givers, and has brought courage and comfort to the
+missionaries who have been thus sustained.
+
+Our Woman's Work. What is it? Whom is it for? Who should do it?
+
+What is it? It is to take to heathen mothers and sisters here in our own
+country the glorious news of salvation for _them_; to bring the light
+and truth of the Gospel to those who are groping in the fog of
+superstition and a wrong conception of Bible truth; to plant the
+Christian school; to establish the Christian home as an object lesson;
+to show mothers how to train their children to honor and obedience, to
+mingle with the needy and helpless, and by sympathy and tact secure such
+changes in the homes as will lead to their permanent improvement; in a
+word, to follow the example of our Lord Jesus, by living and teaching
+the blessings of intelligence and godliness among those in our home-land
+for whose improvement and well-being we are peculiarly responsible. The
+American Missionary Association has ninety-four schools, and in most of
+these more women than men are engaged. It is the duty of the missionary
+teacher to avail herself of every opportunity which her relation with
+her scholars affords, either in day or boarding school, to inculcate
+Christian truth, to warn against the evils which she finds common among
+the people, to teach by example and precept the living Word, as
+manifested in the life of Christ. The wonderful change wrought in those
+who are brought under the influence of such consecrated missionaries,
+testifies to the value of woman's work in missions.
+
+But who are these for whom we are peculiarly responsible, and why is
+there so especial need of _woman's_ work?
+
+They are our eight millions of negroes, of whom probably not more than
+one-fourth may be said to have felt the corrective influence of the
+Gospel upon their lives. Perhaps only those who have come in contact
+with these people for the _sole purpose of helping_ them to manhood and
+womanhood, can comprehend the tremendous incubus of bad habits, stunted
+growth, blunted susceptibilities, with which they struggle. It is
+painful to note the limitations of those even who have had the best
+advantages. Yet they are ever reaching upward, and the struggle is
+bringing out noble qualities of character, showing the possibilities of
+the race. We have had a goodly recompense for Christian labor among
+them, and does not this increase our responsibility for the
+three-fourths that are yet to be helped to a good understanding of
+themselves and their duty toward man and God? And no one will question
+that in the development of the best _womanhood_ there rests the surest
+hope of the elevation of this wronged, and even now, greatly oppressed
+people.
+
+But our woman's work finds also its mission among the needy whites of
+the South. It seems almost incredible that there should be found, within
+thirty-six hours' ride of our Northern towns, so dotted with schools and
+churches and Christian homes, a section of our country where there have
+been in hiding, in the ravines and on the mountain sides, two or more
+millions of our American people, in gross ignorance and superstition.
+But such is the case, and as always, the women are the greatest
+sufferers. Doubtless the Negroes have the largest claim upon us, because
+of their past history, their present wrongs, and their great numbers,
+which have become so startling as to make it imperative that we yield no
+jot of advantage gained, but rather increase our efforts every year for
+their intellectual and moral improvement. Yet the work for the mountain
+whites is _just now_ especially urgent. A missionary of much experience
+expresses the view, that if we can bring the forces of Christian
+education to bear mightily upon these mountain people for the next ten
+years, they will themselves become a power as our allies in the great
+battles of the future against immorality and false doctrines. A few
+weeks since I met in North Carolina near the Great Smoky Mountains a
+mother and daughter, the latter about eighteen years old. A school for
+mountain girls had been opened there, and the daughter had attended the
+last year. On entering she could not read a word, but now was in the
+Fourth Reader, and studying arithmetic and geography. The rich, soft
+color that came to her cheeks, and the kindling light of her eyes, told
+of the brightness this school had brought into her life; this Christian
+school, for here too, she had learned the way of eternal life. Even the
+mother's eyes sparkled like stars as she looked with admiration upon her
+"learned" daughter.
+
+But our door stands wide open also towards the Indians and Chinese, and
+all the arguments that appeal to us so strongly for the disenthrallment
+of women in heathen lands, appeal with equal, yea greater force for the
+heathen in our own land, whom the _Gospel only_ can make free.
+
+Such is our great and urgent call for work for woman in the field of the
+American Missionary Association. Who should do it, and how? Who but the
+Christian women of our churches, either directly or by substitutes? Some
+can go, of those who have prepared themselves for the highest and best
+quality of Christian service. They should be thoroughly trained and
+disciplined teachers, but not this alone. Every teacher should be a
+careful and intelligent Bible student, able to instruct from the word of
+God, practical and earnest, self-sacrificing and co-operative, ready to
+do what seems most necessary, even though it should not call into action
+her finest mental qualities. Let those who cannot go, send a substitute,
+but let none fail to seize the opportunity for a part in this blessed
+work, for the salvation of our country, and its protection as a
+Christian land.
+
+There are now twenty-six State organizations for Woman's Work in our own
+country through our Congregational Churches, which co-operate in the
+work of the American Missionary Association. Some have increased their
+contributions during the past year; others have not fallen below the
+standard they had fixed for this field, but have not made any annual
+advance. With a very few, co-operation has not yet extended beyond a
+study of our work. But a study of the field is encouraging, for a
+knowledge of the need brings responsibility to do all possible to meet
+it, and soon we trust these also will be contributing Unions. To
+facilitate the study of our field, our monthly magazine has been sent
+free to many ladies' societies, our literature has been distributed, and
+more than sixteen thousand copies of missionary letters have been
+circulated among the ladies. Would not the value of organization be
+shown in the larger flow of funds annually for a work of such pressing
+necessity as this? We rejoice that some have already demonstrated this
+value of united effort. More than one State Missionary Union,
+recognizing the importance of this work and remembering that in drawing
+upon the benevolence of all the Congregational Ladies' Societies in the
+State, it should not do a small thing, has raised the support of four or
+more missionary teachers for an entire school. And the officers of the
+Union have taken pains to stir up the pure minds of the ladies in each
+auxiliary by way of remembrance of this particular field.
+
+But there are those not in the State organizations, whose help we
+record, as Sunday-schools and Christian Endeavor Societies. Many such
+have during the year asked for a special object for their contributions.
+What can the Secretary do? The particular things that can be
+accomplished with forty or fifty or seventy dollars are indeed few, but
+these sums combined may sustain a missionary for a year. So each such
+contribution is made a share of the four hundred dollars necessary for
+the purpose, and something definite is accomplished. What is it? This. A
+faithful Christian woman is sent to the field, where, in a neat cottage,
+she makes her home life an object lesson to the colored people or the
+mountain whites or the Indians for many miles around. Their homes begin
+to improve. Her day school, held in the little church near by, attracts
+not only children, but young men and women, and even young married
+people. A Christian Endeavor Society is formed. The Sunday-school and
+church take a new start under her teachings. Other Sunday-schools and
+Christian societies are maintained through her influence, and so the
+small contributions accomplish a large work.
+
+Private individuals also have aided us. What a blessed privilege to be
+able out of one's own income to put worthy missionaries into such a
+field.
+
+There has been an increase in aid rendered in sewing, a form of help
+that is very valuable in keeping our boarding schools and mission homes
+furnished, our sewing schools provided with basted work, and clothing
+ready for worthy but needy students. As with money, so with sewing, we
+could use wisely very much more than has been received.
+
+We acknowledge also the kindness of ladies in furnishing books and
+papers adapted to the need. The young people, especially among the
+Negroes, are acquiring a taste for reading, and with their emotional and
+excitable natures, they take readily to sensational literature, with its
+startling illustrations. A neighborhood or society collection of books
+and papers will usually contain some of such a stamp, and you maybe sure
+they will not always discriminate in favor of the most instructive
+reading. Therefore select for them as you would for your own sons and
+daughters, what is attractive and healthful, and withhold all else.
+
+And now we are just starting upon a new year. Four hundred and
+seventy-six laborers have been called into the missionary ranks of the
+American Missionary Association. One hundred and ninety missions are in
+operation, with their widening influence and ever growing needs. Of our
+one hundred and forty-two churches there are fifty-seven which have not
+at present any Northern missionary associated with them. The difference
+in the development of these churches, as contrasted with those which
+have the influence and help of Northern teachers, is so marked, as to
+constitute a most urgent appeal for more missionaries--faithful
+women--to gather in the young people, interest and instruct them, to
+live among them, an example of economy and thrift in housekeeping, of
+neighborly kindness, of faithfulness in church obligations and of
+consistent Christian life. I do not hesitate to affirm that in the
+field of the American Missionary Association such provision is next in
+importance to the preached word. Neither can take the place of the
+other. Either is at a disadvantage without the other. And yet there are
+fifty-seven of these mission stations this year, _now_, without such
+beneficent woman's ministry, waiting only for additional funds, the new
+money necessary to provide reinforcements.
+
+I appeal to you, Christian women, in your organized capacity as State
+Unions; and as individuals--stewards to whom perchance our Lord has
+entrusted a goodly inheritance--for help to the American Missionary
+Association in this almost overwhelming responsibility. Send us the
+missionaries for these needy fields.
+
+I appeal to you in behalf especially of the wronged and helpless women
+and girls of these ten millions of our own countrymen, American born,
+whose only hope is in the sympathy and the help of the Christian people
+of our own land. We do not live in the day of small things, but of great
+needs and large opportunities. Surely now, if ever, is the time to
+"enlarge the place of thy tent and stretch forth the curtains of thy
+habitation. Spare not, lengthen thy cords and strengthen thy stakes,
+that thou mayest spread abroad on the right hand and on the left, and
+possess the nations of our land."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+WOMAN'S STATE ORGANIZATIONS.
+
+CO-OPERATING WITH THE AMERICAN MISSIONARY ASSOCIATION.
+
+
+MAINE.
+
+WOMAN'S AID TO A.M.A.
+
+  Chairman of Committee--Mrs. C.A. Woodbury, Woodfords, Me.
+
+
+VERMONT.
+
+WOMAN'S HOME MISSIONARY UNION.
+
+  President--Mrs. A.B. Swift, 167 King St., Burlington.
+  Secretary--Mrs. E.C. Osgood, 14 First Ave., Montpelier.
+  Treasurer--Mrs. Wm. P. Fairbanks, St. Johnsbury.
+
+
+MASSACHUSETTS AND RHODE ISLAND.
+
+WOMAN'S HOME MISSIONARY ASSOCIATION.[1]
+
+  President--Mrs. Alice Freeman Palmer, Cambridge, Mass.
+  Secretary--Miss Nathalie Lord, 32 Congregational House, Boston.
+  Treasurer--Miss Ella A. Leland, 32 Congregational House, Boston.
+
+
+CONNECTICUT.
+
+WOMAN'S HOME MISSIONARY UNION.
+
+  President--Mrs. Francis B. Cooley, Hartford.
+  Secretary--Mrs. S.M. Hotchkiss, 171 Capitol Ave., Hartford.
+  Treasurer--Mrs. W.W. Jacobs, 19 Spring St., Hartford.
+
+
+NEW YORK.
+
+WOMAN'S HOME MISSIONARY UNION.
+
+  President--Mrs. Wm. Kincaid, 483 Greene Ave., Brooklyn.
+  Secretary--Mrs. Wm. Spalding, 6 Salmon Block, Syracuse.
+  Treasurer--Mrs. L.H. Cobb, 59 Bible House, New York City.
+
+
+OHIO.
+
+WOMAN'S HOME MISSIONARY UNION.
+
+  President--Mrs. J.G.W. Cowles, 417 Sibley St., Cleveland.
+  Secretary--Mrs. Flora K. Regal, Oberlin.
+  Treasurer--Mrs. Phebe A. Crafts, 95 Monroe Ave., Columbus.
+
+
+INDIANA.
+
+WOMAN'S HOME MISSIONARY UNION.
+
+  President--Mrs. C.B. Safford, Elkhart.
+  Secretary--Mrs. W.E. Mossman, Fort Wayne.
+  Treasurer--Mrs. C. Evans, Indianapolis.
+
+
+ILLINOIS.
+
+WOMAN'S HOME MISSIONARY UNION.
+
+  President--Mrs. B.F. Leavitt, 409 Orchard St., Chicago.
+  Secretary--Mrs. C.H. Taintor, 151 Washington St., Chicago.
+  Treasurer--Mrs. C.E. Maltby, Champaign.
+
+
+IOWA.
+
+WOMAN'S HOME MISSIONARY UNION.
+
+  President--Mrs. T.O. Douglass, Grinnell.
+  Secretary--Miss Ella E. Marsh, Box 232, Grinnell.
+  Treasurer--Mrs. M.J. Nichoson, 1513 Main St., Dubuque.
+
+
+MICHIGAN.
+
+WOMAN'S HOME MISSIONARY UNION.
+
+  President--Mrs. George M. Lane, 47 Miami Ave., Detroit.
+  Secretary--Mrs. Leroy Warren, Lansing.
+  Treasurer--Mrs. E.F. Grabill, Greenville.
+
+
+WISCONSIN.
+
+WOMAN'S HOME MISSIONARY UNION.
+
+  President--Mrs. H.A. Miner, Madison.
+  Secretary--Mrs. C. Matter, Brodhead.
+  Treasurer--Mrs. C.C. Keeler, Beloit.
+
+
+MINNESOTA.
+
+WOMAN'S HOME MISSIONARY SOCIETY.
+
+  President--Mrs. E.S. Williams, Box 464, Minneapolis.
+  Secretary--Miss Gertude A. Keith,
+    1350 Nicollet Ave., Minneapolis.
+  Treasurer--Mrs. M.W. Skinner, Northfield.
+
+
+NORTH DAKOTA.
+
+WOMAN'S HOME MISSIONARY SOCIETY.
+
+  President--Mrs. A.J. Pike, Dwight.
+  Secretary--Mrs. Silas Daggett, Harwood.
+  Treasurer--Mrs. J.M. Fisher, Fargo.
+
+
+SOUTH DAKOTA.
+
+WOMAN'S HOME MISSIONARY UNION.
+
+  President--Mrs. A.H. Robbins, Bowdle.
+  Secretary--Mrs. T.M. Jeffris, Huron.
+  Treasurer--Mrs. S.E. Fifield, Lake Preston.
+
+
+NEBRASKA.
+
+WOMAN'S HOME MISSIONARY UNION.
+
+  President--Mrs. T.H. Leavitt, 1216 H. St., Lincoln.
+  Secretary--Mrs. L.F. Berry, 724 No. Broad St, Fremont.
+  Treasurer--Mrs. D.E. Perry, Crete.
+
+
+MISSOURI.
+
+WOMAN'S HOME MISSIONARY UNION.
+
+  President--Mrs. C.L. Goodell, 3006 Pine St., St. Louis.
+  Secretary--Mrs. E.P. Bronson, 3100 Chestnut St., St. Louis.
+  Treasurer--Mrs. A.E. Cook, 4145 Bell Ave., St. Louis.
+
+
+KANSAS.
+
+WOMAN'S HOME MISSIONARY SOCIETY.
+
+  President--Mrs. F.J. Storrs, Topeka.
+  Secretary--Mrs. George L. Epps, Topeka.
+  Treasurer--Mrs. J.G. Dougherty, Ottawa.
+
+
+COLORADO AND WYOMING.
+
+WOMAN'S HOME MISSIONARY UNION.
+
+  President--Mrs. J.W. Pickett, White Water, Colorado.
+  Secretary--Miss Mary L. Martin, 106 Platte Ave.,
+    Colorado Springs, Colorado.
+  Treasurer--Mrs. S.A. Sawyer. Boulder, Colorado.
+  Treasurer--Mrs. C.T. Goodell, 24th and Eddy Sts.,
+    Cheyenne, Wyoming.
+
+
+SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA.
+
+WOMAN'S HOME MISSIONARY UNION.
+
+  President--Mrs. Elijah Cash, 927 Temple St., Los Angeles.
+  Secretary--Mrs. H.K.W. Bent, Box 426, Pasadena.
+  Treasurer--Mrs. H.W. Mills, So. Olive St., Los Angeles.
+
+
+CALIFORNIA.
+
+WOMAN'S HOME MISSIONARY SOCIETY.
+
+  President--Mrs. H.L. Merritt, 686 34th St., Oakland.
+  Secretary--Miss Grace E. Barnard, 677 21st. St., Oakland.
+  Treasurer--Mrs. J.M. Havens, 3329 Harrison St., Oakland.
+
+
+LOUISIANA.
+
+WOMAN'S MISSIONARY UNION.
+
+  President--Mrs. R.D. Hitchcock, New Orleans.
+  Secretary--Miss Jennie Fyfe, 490 Canal St., New Orleans.
+  Treasurer--Mrs. C.S. Shattuck, Hammond.
+
+
+MISSISSIPPI.
+
+WOMAN'S MISSIONARY UNION.
+
+  President--Mrs. A.F. Whiting, Tougaloo.
+  Secretary--Miss Sarah J. Humphrey, Tougaloo.
+  Treasurer--Miss S.L. Emerson, Tougaloo.
+
+
+ALABAMA.
+
+WOMAN'S MISSIONARY UNION.
+
+  President--Mrs. H.W. Andrews, Talladega.
+  Secretary--Miss S.S. Evans, 2612 Fifth Ave., Birmingham.
+  Treasurer--Mrs. G. Baker, Selma.
+
+
+FLORIDA.
+
+WOMAN'S HOME MISSIONARY UNION.
+
+  President--Mrs. S.F. Gale, Jacksonville.
+  Secretary--Mrs. Nathan Barrows, Winter Park.
+  Treasurer--Mrs. L.C. Partridge, Longwood.
+
+
+TENNESSEE AND ARKANSAS.
+
+WOMAN'S MISSIONARY UNION OF THE CENTRAL SOUTH ASSOCIATION.
+
+  President--Miss M.F. Wells, Athens, Tenn.
+  Secretary--Miss A.M. Cahill, Nashville, Tenn.
+  Treasurer--Mrs. G.S. Pope, Grand View, Tenn.
+
+
+NORTH CAROLINA.
+
+WOMAN'S MISSIONARY UNION.
+
+  President--Miss E. Plimpton, Chapel Hill.
+  Secretary--Miss A.E. Farrington, Raleigh.
+  Treasurer--Miss Lovey Mayo, Raleigh.
+
+     [Footnote 1: For the purpose of exact information, we note
+     that while the W.H.M.A. appears in this list as a State body
+     for Mass. and R.I., it has certain auxiliaries elsewhere.]
+
+We would suggest to all ladies connected with the auxiliaries of State
+Missionary Unions, that funds for the American Missionary Association
+be sent to us through the treasurers of the Union. Care, however,
+should be taken to designate the money as for the American Missionary
+Association, since _undesignated funds will not reach us_.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+RECEIPTS FOR OCTOBER, 1889.
+
+
+THE DANIEL HAND FUND,
+
+_For the Education of Colored People._
+
+FROM
+
+MR. DANIEL HAND, GUILFORD, CONN.
+
+Income from October, 1889,                    $960.00
+
+                                             ========
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+CURRENT RECEIPTS.
+
+
+MAINE, $165.76.
+
+Alfred. Cong. Ch.                               11.56
+
+Bangor. Corelli W. Simpson. Engravings
+  for Hospital, _Fort Yates, Dak._
+
+Ellsworth. Mrs. Phelps,
+  _for Teachers' Home, Lexington, Ky._           1.00
+
+Fryeburg. Cong. Ch.                             10.54
+
+Greenville. Cong. Ch., 15.55,
+  and Sab. Sch., 12                             27.55
+
+Island Falls. Cong. Ch.                         10.00
+
+Litchfield Corners. Cong. Ch.                   12.00
+
+New Castle. Second Cong. Ch., to const.
+  S.D. WYMAN and MRS. AURANUS MILLEE L.M's      60.00
+
+Patten. Cong. Ch.                               15.00
+
+Portland. George C. Frye, Chemist, Medicines,
+  val. 15.06, _for Hospital, Fort Yates, Dak._
+
+South Bridgton. Cong. Ch. and Sab. Sch.         17.11
+
+Wells. "A Friend."                               1.00
+
+
+NEW HAMPSHIRE, $274.05.
+
+Alstead. Cong. Ch.                               9.00
+
+Canaan. Mary A. George                           5.00
+
+Franklin. Cong. Ch. and Soc.                    20.00
+
+Great Falls. Ladies' Home Miss'y Soc.           10.00
+
+Hanover. Dartmouth College Cong. Ch.            67.20
+
+Mason. Cong. Ch.                                 5.30
+
+Nashua. First Cong. Ch.                         20.00
+
+New Ipswich. Proceeds of Children's Fair
+  (2 of which _for Indian M._)                  10.80
+
+Pelham. Cong. Ch.                               35.00
+
+Pembroke. First Cong. Soc.                      18.25
+
+Peterboro. Union Evan. Ch.                      31.50
+
+Portsmouth. "In as much Circle" of King's
+  Daughters of North Ch., _for furnishing
+  room, Girl's Hall, Pleasant Hill, Tenn._      30.00
+
+Raymond. Cong. Ch. and Soc.                     12.00
+
+
+VERMONT, $217.20.
+
+Benson. Cong. Ch.                               16.80
+
+Bethel. Cong. Ch.                                2.56
+
+Brandon. Cong. Ch. and Soc.                      6.00
+
+Brattleboro. Center Cong. Ch.                   81.00
+
+Essex Junction. Cong. Ch. and Soc.              16.00
+
+Guildhall. Cong. Ch.                             3.50
+
+Hubbardton. D.J. Flagg                           5.00
+
+Newport. Cong. Ch. and Soc.                      8.50
+
+Sharon. A Friend, 1; "X.", 1                     2.00
+
+Sharon. Communion Service, _for Jonesboro,
+  Tenn._
+
+Springfield. F.V.A. Townsend, to const
+  MRS. ISABELLA WATERMAN L.M.                   30.00
+
+Townsend. Mrs. H. Holbrook                       1.00
+
+West Brattleboro. Cong. Ch.                     14.84
+
+Westminster. Cong. Ch. and Soc.                 14.00
+
+Westminster. West. Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch.,
+  _for McIntosh, Ga._                           16.00
+
+
+MASSACHUSETTS, $4,599.69.
+
+Amherst. First Cong. Ch.                        30.00
+
+Andover. Phillips Academy _for Boys' Hall,
+  Pleasant Hill, Tenn._                         25.00
+
+Andover. "Pansy Band," _for Pleasant Hill,
+  Tenn._                                        16.72
+
+Beverly. Sab. Sch. of Dane St. Cong. Ch.,
+  _for Student Aid, Fisk U._                    25.12
+
+Boston. Woman's Home Miss'y Soc., 400,
+      _for Woman's Work_;
+      35 from Shawmut Mite Soc.,
+      _for Indian Sch'p._           435.00
+
+    "A Friend In Boston,"
+      _for Building Fund,
+      Pleasant Hill, Tenn._         250.00
+
+    Woman's Home Miss'y Ass'n        30.00
+
+  Dorchester. Second Cong. Ch.       95.87
+
+    Mrs. Walter Baker, 30, Mr.
+      Hardwick, 10, Mrs. Means, 10,
+      Mrs. Wales, 5, Miss Carruth, 5,
+      Miss Salmon, 5                 65.00
+
+    "Friends," by A.C. Hopkins,
+      _for Pleasant Hill, Tenn._     60.00
+
+    Harvard Cong. Ch.                37.40
+
+    Mrs. Eliza Bicknell               4.00
+
+  Roxbury. Highland Cong. Ch.,
+      _for Indian M._                15.00
+
+    Ladies of Immanuel Ch., _for
+      Freight on Bbl. to Pleasant
+      Hill, Tenn._                    2.00
+
+    Im. Ch., Mrs. M.M. Graham         1.00
+
+  West Roxbury. South Evan. Ch.      24.51
+
+                                   -------   1,019.78
+
+Brimfield. First Cong. Ch.                       8.64
+
+Brookline. Harvard Ch.                          57.38
+
+Brockton. Porter Evan. Ch. and Soc., to const.
+  CHAS. H. REYNOLDS, SIDNEY E. NICKERSON
+  and MRS. JANE B. JENNINGS L.M's              104.48
+
+Cambridge. Mrs. C.A. Phelps' S.S. Class,
+  _for Pleasant Hill, Tenn._                    10.00
+
+Cambridgeport. Pilgrim Ch., 97.14;
+  First Cong. Ch., 1                            98.14
+
+Campello. Mrs. S.A. Southworth, _for Freight
+  on Boxes to Chapel Hill, N.C._                 3.00
+
+Charlestown. Winthrop Cong. Ch. and Soc.        66.12
+
+Chelsea. First Cong. Ch., 38.50;
+  Sab. Sch. of First Cong, Ch., 15              53.50
+
+Concord. Trin. Cong. Ch.                        22.54
+
+East Cambridge. Miss M.F. Aiken,
+  _for Pleasant Hill, Tenn._                     4.00
+
+Everett. Cong. Ch.                              39.74
+
+Fitchburg. Rollstone Cong. Ch.                  80.00
+
+Framingham. Mrs. Elizabeth E. Guernsey,
+  _for Mountain Work_                            1.00
+
+Franklin. Y.P.S.C.E. of First Cong. Ch.,
+  _for Grand View, Tenn._                       15.00
+
+Gardner. First Cong. Ch., to const
+  CHAS. F. READ and MRS. SETH HEYWOOD L.M's     60.00
+
+Greenfield. Second Cong. Ch.                    58.95
+
+Groton. Union Cong. Ch.                        145.80
+
+Harvard. Cong. Ch.                              15.00
+
+Haverhill. Mary Merrill, Package Patchwork,
+  _for Sew. Sch., Sherwood Tenn._
+
+Holliston. "Bible Christians," 47;
+  Cong. Ch. and Soc. 40.50                      87.50
+
+Housatonic. Cong. Sab. Sch.                     50.45
+
+Hyde Park. First Cong. Ch.                      24.00
+
+Lawrence. Trinity Ch., _for Freedmen and
+  Indian M._                                    32.19
+
+Lawrence. United Cong. Ch.                       5.00
+
+Lee. "Friendly."                                 1.50
+
+Ludlow Center. First Cong. Ch., Ladies' Soc.,
+  _for Tougaloo U._                             10.00
+
+Mansfield. Ladies' Miss'y Soc.                  10.00
+
+Medfield. Second Cong. Ch.                      78.38
+
+Milton. First Cong. Ch.                         30.50
+
+Middleboro. Central Cong. Ch., 46.73;
+  First Cong. Ch., 13.14                        59.87
+
+Newton. Eliot Ch., 120;
+  First Cong. Ch., 75.08                       195.08
+
+Newton Center. Mrs. Sarah C. Davis,
+  _for Indian M._                              200.00
+
+Norfolk. Union Cong. Ch.                         5.60
+
+North Attleboro. Frank Bennett,
+  _for Mountain Work_                            5.00
+
+North Brookfield. Union Cong. Ch.               13.18
+
+North Chelmsford. Second Cong. Ch.              21.00
+
+North Leominster. Ch. of Christ                 21.43
+
+Northampton. A.L. Williston, 170;
+  "A Friend," 9, _for Pleasant Hill, Tenn._    179.00
+
+Northampton. Edwards Ch. Benev. Soc.           160.00
+
+North Middleboro. Cong. Ch. and Soc.            32.65
+
+Oxford. Woman's Miss'y Soc., _for Freight
+ on 3 Bbl's. to Kittrell, N.C._                  6.50
+
+Oxford. "Oxtord."                                5.00
+
+Peabody. Second Cong. Ch., 5; West
+  Branch of Second Cong. Ch., 2.75               7.75
+
+Reading. Cong. Ch.                              18.00
+
+Randolph. Miss MARION BELCHER, to
+  const. herself L.M.                           30.00
+
+Rockland. Miss Cordelia Shaw, _for
+  Freight on Bbl. to Fisk U._                    2.00
+
+Salem. Crombie St. Cong. Ch. and Soc.           67.00
+
+Saxonville. Edwards Cong. Ch. and Soc.          10.93
+
+Sharon. Cong. Ch. and Soc., 30,
+  to const. J.W. PERRY L.M.;
+  Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch., 10                    40.00
+
+Somerville. Day St. Ch.,
+  _for Pleasant Hill, Tenn._                    15.00
+
+Southampton. L.C. Tiffany's S.S. Class,
+  Cong. Ch., _for Theo. Student Aid Fund_       20.00
+
+South Egremont. Cong. Ch.                       14.06
+
+South Deerfield. Cong. Ch., 34.15;
+  Sab. Sch., 12.93                              47.08
+
+South Framingham. South Cong. Ch.,
+  (50 of which _for Mountain Work_)            174.54
+
+South Hadley. First Cong. Ch.                   23.50
+
+Springfield. Miss Carrie H. Bowdoin             10.00
+
+Springfield. Y.P.S.C.E., First Ch. of Christ,
+  _for Pleasant Hill, Tenn._                     5.00
+
+South Weymouth. Miss S.B. Tirrel's S.S.
+  Class, Second Cong. Ch.                        4.82
+
+Townsend. Mrs. Ralph Ball, _for Freight
+  on Bbl. to Sherwood, Tenn._                    2.00
+
+Wakefield. Y.P.S.C.E., _for Mountain Work_       3.00
+
+West Boxford. Cong. Ch.                          8.85
+
+Westhampton. Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch.             18.78
+
+Westhampton. Cong. Ch. and Soc.                 13.58
+
+West Medford. ---- _for Boys' Hall,
+  Pleasant Hill, Tenn._                         30.00
+
+West Springfield. Ladies' Mission Circle
+  of Park St. Ch., _for Pleasant Hill,
+  Tenn._                                        50.00
+
+Winchendon. First Cong. Ch., 13, and
+  Sab. Sch., 17.30                              30.30
+
+Winchester. Ladies' Western Miss'y Soc.,
+  _for Pleasant Hill, Tenn._                    90.00
+
+Winchester. S. Elliott                          10.00
+
+Worcester. Mary A. and Joanna F. Smith          50.00
+
+Yarmouth. Rev. John W. Dodge,
+  _for Pleasant Hill, Tenn._                    50.00
+
+Hampden Benevolent Association, by
+  Charles Marsh, Treasurer:
+
+    Agawam                           20.25
+
+    Holyoke. Second                  83.31
+
+    South Hadley Falls                9.91
+
+    Springfield. South               46.30
+
+                                   -------     159.77
+
+                                            ---------
+
+                                            $4,249.69
+
+
+ESTATES.
+
+Dunstable. Estate of Mary Wilson, by
+  Wm. P. Proctor, Ex.                           50.00
+
+Enfield. Estate of J.B. Woods, by Rev.
+  R.M. Woods, Trustee, to const. MISS
+  CHARLOTTE A. LATHROP L.M.                     50.00
+
+Groton. Estate of Samuel C. Rockwood,
+  by George S. Gates, Ex.                      300.00
+
+                                            ---------
+
+                                            $4,599.69
+
+
+CLOTHING, BOOKS, ETC., RECEIVED AT BOSTON OFFICE.
+
+Kennebunk, Maine. Mrs. Mary P. Smith,
+  Box of C., _for Pleasant Hill, Tenn._
+
+Campello, Mass. Mrs. S.A. Southworth,
+  2 Boxes, _for Chapel Hill, S.C._
+
+Cambridgeport, Mass. By Mrs. R.L. Snow,
+ Box of Bedding, _for Pleasant Hill, Tenn._
+
+Gardner, Mass. Y.P.S.C.E., Package
+  of Papers, _for Jellico, Tenn._
+
+Hopkinton, Mass. King's Daughters, Bbl.
+  of C., val. 50, _for Pleasant Hill, Tenn._
+
+Oxford, Mass. Woman's Miss'y Soc., 3 Bbls.,
+  _for Kittrell, Ala._
+
+Rockland, Mass. Ladies' Sew. Circle of
+  Cong. Ch., Bbl., _for Fisk U._
+
+Roslindale, Mass. Miss F.H. Wiswall,
+  Box Hymn Books, etc., _for Talladega, Ala._
+
+Roxbury, Mass, Ladies' Benev. Soc. of Immanuel Ch.,
+  Bbl., val. 31.54, _for Pleasant Hill, Tenn._
+
+Townsend, Mass. By Mrs. Ralph Ball,
+  Bbl., _for Sherwood, Tenn._
+
+
+RHODE ISLAND, $730.96.
+
+Little Compton. Mrs. Antrace Pierce              5.00
+
+Newport. United Cong. Ch.                       30.00
+
+Providence. Central Cong. Ch. (25 of which
+  _for Girls' Hall, Pleasant Hill, Tenn._
+  and 10. _for Talladega C._)                  625.00
+
+Providence. North Cong. Ch.                     44.71
+
+Providence. Sab. Sch. of Beneficent Cong.
+  Ch., 25, Miss Burrows' Class, 1.25,
+  _for Pleasant Hill, Tenn._                    26.25
+
+
+CONNECTICUT, $2,705.00.
+
+Berlin. Mrs. Sophia Savage, _for
+  Tougaloo U._                                  10.00
+
+Bridgeport D.H. Terry, 10.,
+  L.B. Silliman, 5, _for Tougaloo U._           15.00
+
+Bristol. Cong. Ch.                              19.27
+
+Buckingham. Cong. Ch. and Soc.                   3.29
+
+East Granby. Cong. Ch.                           3.65
+
+Ellington. Cong. Ch.                           148.70
+
+Granby. South Cong. Ch., 13;
+  First Cong. Ch., 6.12                         19.12
+
+Hadlyme. Cong. Ch., 4.; Mrs. E. Geer, 1.         5.00
+
+Hartford. Students' Association of Hartford
+  Theo. Sem., 34.81; Mrs. Charles T.
+  Hillyer, 30.00                                64.81
+
+Hartford. D.R. Howe, _for Tougaloo U._          25.00
+
+Lisbon. Cong. Ch., bal. to const.
+  REV. Q.M. BOSWORTH L.M.                        7.00
+
+Middlebury. Cong. Ch.                           10.01
+
+Monroe. Mrs. F.A. and H.L. Curtiss              10.00
+
+Plymouth. Cong. Ch.                             46.00
+
+Poquonock. Cong. Ch.                            53.20
+
+Portland. First Cong. Ch.                        6.91
+
+Preston. Cong. Ch. and Soc.                     15.00
+
+Putnam. Second Cong. Ch.                        20.94
+
+New Britain. Prayer Meeting Coll. Center Ch.,
+  _for Tougaloo U._                             34.24
+
+New Britain. Normal Class of South Cong. Ch.,
+  _for Student Aid, Normal Inst.,
+  Grand View, Tenn._                             7.31
+
+New Haven. United Ch., 268.52;
+  College St. Ch., 10.00                       278.52
+
+New London. First Cong. Ch.                     50.06
+
+Newington. Cong. Ch.                            79.95
+
+New Preston. Mrs. Henry Upson, 4;
+  Mrs. Stanley Williams, 1,
+  _for Conn. Ind'l Sch., Ga._                    5.00
+
+Northford. Cong Ch.                             15.00
+
+North Madison. Cong. Ch.                        12.00
+
+Norwich. Broadway Cong. Ch.                    211.88
+
+Rockville. Union Cong. Ch. (65 of which
+  _for Tougaloo U._) to const. MISS LUCINDA
+  BAILEY, MISS ELLEN. L. WILSON, MISS
+  CELIA E. PRESCOTT, LUTHER H. FULLER
+  and ISAAC M. AGARD L.M.'s                    168.05
+
+Stamford. First Cong. Ch.                       16.61
+
+Terryville. Elizur Fenn                         10.00
+
+Thomaston. Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch.,
+  _for Sch'p, Santee Ind. Sch._                 17.50
+
+Thomaston. Cong. Ch.                            12.65
+
+Tolland. Cong. Ch.                               5.02
+
+Wallingford. Mrs. Clara Beebe Darling,
+  ad'l, _for Chapel, Darling Station,
+  Fort Yates, Dak._                            100.00
+
+Wallingford. H.L. Judd, _for Student Aid,
+  Tougaloo U._                                  70.00
+
+Wapping. Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch.                  7.27
+
+Watertown. Cong. Ch.                            24.79
+
+Watertown. Sab. Sch. Class, by Mrs. Fred.
+  Scott, _for Student Aid, Fort Berthold,
+  Ind. Sch._                                    15.00
+
+West Hartland. H.L. Wilcox,
+  _for Conn. Ind'l Sch., Ga._                    6.00
+
+Winchester. Cong. Ch.                           14.00
+
+Woodbury. North Cong. Ch.                       11.25
+
+Woman's Home Missionary Union of Conn.,
+  by Mrs. Ward W. Jacobs, Treas.,
+  _for Woman's Work_:
+
+    Bridgeport. L.H.M. Soc. of
+      North Ch.                                 50.00
+
+                                            ---------
+
+                                            $1,705.00
+
+ESTATE.
+
+Plymouth. Estate of Eliza Bull, by Ira B.
+  Bull and Geo. M. Welles, Executors         1,000.00
+
+                                            ---------
+
+                                            $2,705.00
+
+
+NEW YORK, $838.67.
+
+Albany. "E.M.E."                                10.00
+
+Amsterday. Mrs. Chandler Bartlett                2.00
+
+Aquebogue. Cong. Ch.                             3.20
+
+Brooklyn. Tompkins Ave. Cong. Ch.              400.00
+
+Churchville. Cong. Ch.                          31.05
+
+Clifton Springs. Mrs. W.W. Warner, Box of C.,
+  Val. 46.65, _for McLeansville, N.C._
+
+Deansville. Y.P.S.C.E., _for Student Aid,
+  Avery Inst._                                  10.00
+
+Hudson. Mrs. D.A. Jones                         15.00
+
+Ithaca. Sab. Sch. First Cong. Ch., _for ed.
+  of a girl, Santee Ind. Sch._                  35.00
+
+Jamestown. Sab. Sch. of First Cong. Ch.         10.39
+
+Kelloggsville. Miss C.L. Taylor                 50.00
+
+Lebanon. Thomas Hitchcock, 5; Ladles Aid
+  Soc., 5; Alfred Seymour, 5; Mrs. Servilia
+  G. Childs, 2; Mrs. J.H. Wagoner, 1; J.A.
+  Head, 1; G.G. Grosvenor, 50c.;
+  C.P. Day, 50c.                                20.00
+
+Munnsville. Cong. Ch.                            5.00
+
+Napoli. Cong. Ch.                                7.32
+
+New Lebanon. "A Friend"                          4.00
+
+New York. Broadway Tab., J.T. Leavitt          100.00
+
+New York. Mrs. H.B. Spelman,
+  _for Student Aid, Atlanta U._                 25.00
+
+New York. J.H. Washburn, Pkg. of C.
+
+Syracuse. Plymouth Ch.                          26.00
+
+Utica. Miss Caroline E. Backus,
+  _for Mountain Work_                            5.00
+
+Warsaw. Cong. Ch.                               14.71
+
+Woman's Home Missionary Union of N.Y.,
+  by Mrs. L.H. Cobb, Treas.,
+  _for Woman's Work_:
+
+    Binghamton. Helpers H.M. Soc.,
+      to const. MRS. J.L.
+      MESEREAU L.M.                  30.00
+
+    Geddes. Ladies Aux.               5.00
+
+    Lyssander. Ladies' Aux.,
+      to const. MRS. DESIRE A.
+      FULLER L.M.                    30.00
+
+                                   -------     $65.00
+
+
+NEW JERSEY, $185.00.
+
+Montclair. Womans' Home Miss'y Soc.
+  of First Cong. Ch. _for Marshallville
+  Sch., Ga._, and to const. MRS. LUCIA P.
+  AMES, MARY B. AMES   and LULU
+  AMES L.M's                                   180.00
+
+Paterson. P. Van Houten                          5.00
+
+Point Pleasant. Rev. S.Y. Lum, Box of
+  Books, _for Talladega C._
+
+
+PENNSYLVANIA, $10.00.
+
+Cambridge. First Cong. Ch.                       5.00
+
+Ridgway. Bible Class by Minnie J. Kline,
+  _for Oaks, N.C._                               5.00
+
+
+OHIO, $1,706.04.
+
+Cincinnati. Sab. Sch. of Walnut Hills
+   Cong. Ch., _for Grand View, Tenn._           30.00
+
+Cleveland. First Cong. Ch., 30.21;
+  Rev. W.L. Tenney, 15; Plymouth Ch., 5.85      51.06
+
+Columbus. First Cong. Ch.                      191.60
+
+Columbus. "A Friend" Box of Bedding,
+  _for Grand View, Tenn._
+
+Conneaut. Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch., 20;
+  H.E. Pond, 5., _for Student Aid, Fisk U._     25.00
+
+Fort Recovery. Cong. Ch.                         5.00
+
+Lafayette. Cong. Ch.                             5.50
+
+Lorain. "Wide Awake Soc." _for Student Aid,
+  Tougaloo U._                                   3.55
+
+Medina. Friends in Cong. Ch., by Mrs. E.F. Leach,
+  _for furnishing a room, new boarding hall,
+  Macon, Ga._                                   50.00
+
+North Bloomfield. Prof. F.O. Reed                5.00
+
+Oberlin. Second Cong. Ch.                       68.29
+
+Oberlin. Rev. C.V. Speare,
+  _for Pleasant Hill, Tenn._                    50.00
+
+Oberlin. Young Ladies' Miss'y Soc., _for
+  Student Aid, Pleasant Hill, Tenn._            25.00
+
+Oberlin. Second Cong. Ch.,
+  _for Jewett Memorial Hall_                    11.55
+
+Pittsfield. Ladies' Benev. Soc., Bundle of
+  Carpeting, _for Tougaloo U._
+
+Newark. Cong. Ch.                               10.00
+
+Strongsville. Elijah Lyman                      10.00
+
+Toledo. First Cong. Ch.                         50.00
+
+Wakeman. Cong. Ch. and Soc.                      5.75
+
+York. Cong. Ch. to const. MILO E.
+  BRANCH L.M.                                   32.00
+
+Ohio Woman's Home Missionary Union,
+  by Mrs. Phebe A. Crafts, Treasurer,
+  _for Woman's Work_:
+
+    Chagrin Falls. Aux.
+      _for Miss Collins_              7.50
+
+    Chester Cross Roads. St. Paul's
+     Miss. Band, _for Dakota
+     Indian M._                       3.00
+
+    Cleveland. First Cong. Ch.,
+     Y.P.S.C.E.                       4.13
+
+    Conneaut. W.H.M.S., _for Miss
+      Collins_                        5.00
+
+    Hudson. L.H.M.S.                  7.16
+
+    "Friends"                        24.95
+
+    Painesville. M.S. Home Dept.     25.00
+
+                                    ------     $76.74
+
+                                            ---------
+
+                                              $706.04
+
+
+ESTATE.
+
+Ashtabula. Estate of Miss E.G. Austin,
+  by Henry Fassett, Adm'r                    1,000.00
+
+                                            ---------
+
+                                            $1,706.04
+
+
+ILLINOIS, $743.83.
+
+Atkinson. Cong. Ch.                             10.20
+
+Aurora. N.L. Janes                              10.00
+
+Buda. Cong. Ch.                                114.86
+
+Chicago. Mrs. F.E. Brush,
+  _for Student Aid, Fisk U._                   104.00
+
+Chicago. Ladies of South Park Ch.                2.50
+
+Crete. Phineas Chapman                          50.00
+
+Elgin. Sab. Sch. of First Cong. Ch.,
+  _for Mountain Work_                            9.41
+
+Elgin. "A Friend"                                5.00
+
+Elmwood. Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch.,
+  _for Student Aid, Fisk U._                     3.00
+
+Mattoon. "Friends," by Mrs. A.F. Cushman,
+  _for Sch'p Endowment Fund, Fisk U._           15.00
+
+Morrison. William Wallace                       10.00
+
+Lawn Ridge. Cong. Ch. and Sab. Sch.             19.48
+
+Lee Center. Cong. Ch., _for Student Aid,
+  Straight U._                                  12.75
+
+Marseilles. Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch.,
+  _for Student Aid, Fisk U._                     9.00
+
+Payson. J.K. Scarborough                       100.00
+
+Peoria. Miss Etta Proctor's S.S. Class,
+  Sab. Sch. First Cong. Ch., _for Student Aid,
+  Fisk U._                                       3.00
+
+Princeton. Cong. Ch.                            11.71
+
+Princeton. Rev. F. Bascom, D.D., Box of
+  Books, _for Talladega C._
+
+Prospect Park. Cong. Ch., _for Indian M._       20.04
+
+Oak Park. Young People's Miss'y Soc.,
+  _for Sch'p Endowment Fund, Fisk U._           50.00
+
+Turner. Cong. Ch.                                3.13
+
+Illinois Woman's Home Missionary Union,
+  by Mrs. C.E. Maltby, Treas., _for Woman's Work_:
+
+    Ashkum                            0.56
+
+    Atkinson                          5.00
+
+    Buda                              3.50
+
+    Chebanse                          5.00
+
+    Chicago. Park                    22.75
+
+    Elgin                             5.00
+
+    Oak Park                         24.00
+
+    Peoria                           50.00
+
+    Rockford. First                  15.00
+
+    Rockford. Second                 20.00
+
+    Sterling                          8.50
+
+    Toulon                            2.00
+
+    Warrensburg                      14.44
+
+                                  --------     180.75
+
+
+MICHIGAN, $9,417.64.
+
+Detroit. Parke, Davis & Co., Chemists,
+  Medicines, Val. 17.31. _for Hospital,
+  Fort Yates, Dak._
+
+Grand Rapids. First Cong. Sab. Sch.             25.00
+
+Hart. Cong. Ch.                                  6.02
+
+Litchfield. First Cong. Ch.                      8.16
+
+Manistee. First Cong. Ch.                       26.00
+
+New Haven. First Cong. Ch.                       4.11
+
+South Haven. First Cong. Ch.                     1.05
+
+Wheatland. Cong. Ch.                            25.00
+
+                                            ---------
+
+                                               $95.34
+
+
+ESTATE.
+
+Olivet. Estate of William B. Palmer, by
+  Geo. W. Keyes, Ex.                         9,332.20
+
+                                            ---------
+
+                                            $9,417.54
+
+
+WISCONSIN, $82.66.
+
+Beloit. Sab. Sch. of Second Cong. Ch., 11.86;
+  First Cong. Ch., 5.50                         17.36
+
+Beloit. Sab. Sch. First Cong. Ch., Sewing
+  Machine, _for Straight U._; 2 _for Freight_    2.00
+
+Bristol and Paris. Cong. Ch.                    24.62
+
+Emerald Grove. Cong. Ch.                         6.50
+
+Madison. Clarissa L. Ware's S.S. Class,
+  Birthday Box, _for Lathrop Library_            0.93
+
+Madison. Clarissa L. Ware, Package Patchwork,
+  _for Sew. Sch., Sherwood, Tenn._
+
+New London. Ira Millerd, Sr., _for Lathrop
+  Library_                                       1.00
+
+Rosendale. Mrs. H.N. Clark, _for Freight
+  to Sherwood, Tenn._                            2.00
+
+West Salem. Mrs. Anson Clark                     2.00
+
+Whitewater. First Cong. Ch.                     25.00
+
+Viroqua. Mrs. J.R. Casson,
+  _for Freight to Sherwood, Tenn._               1.25
+
+
+IOWA, $226.60.
+
+Atlantic. Cong. Ch.                              9.22
+
+Blairstown. MRS. J.H. FRENCH, to const.
+  herself L.M.                                  30.00
+
+Burlington. First Cong. Ch., to const.
+  LUKE PALMER, JR. L.M.                         36.50
+
+Dunlap. Cong. Ch.                               13.98
+
+Genoa Bluffs. Boys' Intermediate and
+  Primary Classes, Cong. Sab. Sch.,
+  _for Student Aid, Straight U._                 8.00
+
+Grinnell. Cong. Ch.                             23.25
+
+Marcus. "A Life Member."                         1.00
+
+Oldfield. Highland Cong. Sab. Sch.,
+  _for Indian M and Mountain Work_               8.75
+
+Sherrills Mound. German Cong. Ch.                4.00
+
+Strawberry Point. First Cong. Ch.               12.15
+
+Wittemberg. Cong. Ch.                            9.00
+
+Woman's Home Missionary Union of Iowa,
+  _for Woman's Work_:
+
+    Central City. Y.P.S.C.E.          2.00
+
+    Clay. W.M.S.                      2.00
+
+    Des Moines. W.M.S.               22.02
+
+    Harlan. W.M.S.                    1.65
+
+    Independence. Aid Soc.            5.00
+
+    Lyons                             5.61
+
+    Miles. L.M.S., "Thank
+      Offering."                      5.00
+
+    McGregor. W.M.S.                  8.65
+
+    Onawa. S.S. Birthday Box          6.40
+
+    Osage. W.M.S.                     2.90
+
+    Rockford. L.M.S.                  0.05
+
+    Shenandoah. W.M.S.                5.55
+
+    Wells                             0.50
+
+                                    ------      67.33
+
+
+MINNESOTA, $93.55.
+
+Hutchinson. Cong. Ch.                           13.00
+
+Lake City. First Cong. Ch.,
+  _for Williamsburg Academy_                    23.02
+
+Minneapolis. Plymouth Ch.                       45.65
+
+Saint Paul. S.S. Class, _for Talladega C._       2.25
+
+Worthington. Union Cong. Ch.                     4.38
+
+Waseca. Cong. Ch.                                5.25
+
+
+MISSOURI, $40.00.
+
+Kansas City. Clyde Cong. Ch.                    40.00
+
+Laclede. Clara Seward, Package Patchwork,
+  _for Sew. Sch., Sherwood, Tenn._
+
+
+KANSAS, $12.00.
+
+Manhattan. W.E. Castle                          12.00
+
+
+NEBRASKA, $113.26.
+
+Cortland. "H.C.H."                               5.00
+
+Cowles. G.A. Harris                              2.48
+
+Hay Springs. First Cong. Ch.                     2.25
+
+Irvington. Cong. Ch.                            15.00
+
+Kearney. First Cong. Ch.                         5.00
+
+Nebraska City. Woman's Miss'y. Soc. of
+  Cong. Ch.                                      5.00
+
+Omaha. First Cong. Ch.                          78.53
+
+
+NORTH AND SOUTH DAKOTA, $113.19.
+
+Buffalo Gap. Cong. Ch.                           6.25
+
+Buxton, N.D. Ladies' Miss'y Soc. of
+  Cong. Ch., _for Mountain Work_                80.00
+
+Custer. Cong. Ch.                                4.10
+
+Lake Henry, S. Dak. Cong. Ch.                    4.71
+
+Yankton, S. Dak. Cong. Ch.                      18.13
+
+
+WASHINGTON, $5.50.
+
+Roy. Mrs. Eliza Taylor                           5.50
+
+OREGON, $45.00.
+
+Canyon. E.S. PENFIELD, to const.
+  himself L.M.                                  30.00
+
+Forest Grove. Cong. Ch.                         15.00
+
+
+CALIFORNIA, $3,190.15.
+
+Belmont. Mrs. E.L. Reed and Miss Harriet
+  Reed, _for Woman's Work_                      17.50
+
+Redlands. First Cong. Ch.                       19.25
+
+San Francisco. The California Chinese
+  Mission (See Items Below)                  3,138.40
+
+Tustin. "Busy Bees" by Miss Mary Buss, 15,
+  and Package C., _for Student Aid,
+  Normal Inst., Grand View, Tenn._              15.00
+
+
+NORTH CAROLINA, $43.85.
+
+Blowing Rock. F.W. Van Wagenen,
+  _for Blowing Rock, N.C._                      25.00
+
+McLeansville. Rev. A. Connet, _for
+  Talladega C._                                 14.60
+
+Willmington. Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch.              4.25
+
+
+TEXAS, $25.00.
+
+Dallas. Cong. Ch.                               25.00
+
+
+                                           ----------
+
+Donations                                  $13,862.30
+
+Estates                                     11,722.20
+
+                                           ----------
+
+                                           $25,584.50
+
+
+TUITION, $466.01.
+
+Lexington, Ky. Tuition              171.35
+
+Wilmington, N.C. Tuition              6.00
+
+Jonesboro, Tenn. County Fund         50.00
+
+Jonesboro, Tenn. Tuition              1.00
+
+Nashville, Tenn. Tuition            192.35
+
+Pleasant Hill, Tenn. Public Fund     40.00
+
+Pleasant Hill, Tenn. Tuition          3.00
+
+Austin, Texas. Tuition                2.31
+
+                                  --------     466.01
+
+United States Government for the
+  Education of Indians                       1,017.98
+
+                                           ----------
+
+Total for October                          $27,068.49
+
+                                           ==========
+
+
+FOR THE AMERICAN MISSIONARY.
+
+Subscriptions for October                      $81.86
+
+                                              =======
+
+
+RECEIPTS OF THE CALIFORNIA CHINESE MISSION,
+  from April 20th to October 16th, 1889.
+  E. Palache, Treas.
+
+FROM LOCAL MISSIONS.--Los Angeles,
+  Chinese Mon Off's. 34.80. Annual
+  Mem's and other gifts, 20.50.--Marysville.
+  Chinese Monthlies, 27.80; Annual
+  Mem's, 6.--Oakland, Chinese Monthlies,
+  40; Annual Mem's, 24.--Oroville.
+  Chinese Monthlies, 15.85; Annual
+  Mem's. 34.--Petaluma: Chinese Monthlies,
+  10.50; Anniversary Coll., 5.75; Annual
+  Mem's and other gifts (6 of which from
+  Dea. A.B. Case) 56.50.--Riverside,
+  Chinese Monthlies, 17.55; Annual
+  Mem's 15.--Sacramento, Chinese
+  Monthlies, 36; Annual Mem's,
+  30.25.--San Buenaventura, Chinese
+  Monthlies, 14,10; Annual Mon's, etc.,
+  31: Chinese Special Offerings, 91.85--San
+  Diego, Chinese weekly offerings, 86;
+  Annual Mem's and other gifts, 53.45;
+  J.A. Rogers, 10; QUON NEUEY, 25,
+  to const. himself L.M.; Rev. and Mrs.
+  J.B. Silcox, 10; Col. E.F. French, 5;
+  Moses Frick, 2.50; Others. 3.--Santa
+  Barbara, Chinese Monthlies, 14.05;
+  Annual Mem's and other gifts, 43.75;
+  Pon Dan, 5; Yee Ock, 5; Gin Chow, 5;
+  Mrs. E.M. Shattuck, 3.50, balance to
+  const. REV. C.T. WEITZEL L.M.; "Lady
+  Friend," 5; Mrs. Josiah Bates, 4;
+  Cong. Ch., 32.25; Collection at Social,
+  10.50.--Santa Cruz. Chinese Monthlies,
+  36.10; Anniversary Coll., 10.80; Annual
+  Mem's, etc., 63.50.--Stockton, Chinese
+  Monthlies, 8.75; Annual Mem's. 35.--Tucson,
+  Chinese Monthlies, 7; Annual
+  Mem's, 18; "A Friend," 1.35                 $964.95
+
+FROM CONGREGATIONAL CHURCHES.--Bethany,
+  (San Joaquin Co.) 4.--Byron,
+  6.--Crockett, 2.50.--Lorin, 6.40.--Los
+  Angeles, First, Woman's Home Missionary
+  Soc,. 43.10. Y.P.S.C.E., 4.50.--Murphys,
+  4.--Oakland. First, Annual
+  Off's, 120.85; Fellowship Fund,
+  22; Sab. Sen., Primary Class, 19.25;
+  Mrs. H.G. Noyes, 15, "Other Friends."
+  25; First Ch., Market St. Branch, 5.50,
+  Plymouth Ave. Ch., Dr. Geo. Mooar,
+  6.50; Dr. I.E. Dwinell, 5; Dr. J.A.
+  Benton. 5; Mrs. A.B. Sargent, 5; Mrs.
+  C.F. Whitton, 2.50; Mrs. M.L. Merritt,
+  2.50; Mr. and Mrs. F.A. Armstrong,
+  2.50; Others, 3.--Ontario, 47.--Redwood,
+  7.--Rio Vista, 15.15,--San Diego,
+  Second, Rev. F.B. Perkins, 5.--San
+  Francisco, First. Mrs. Hutchins, 5;
+  Miss Hutchins, 1.50; Mrs. Perkins, 1.80;
+  "Other Friends," 7; Third Church,
+  63.90.--Bethany Ch., from Americans
+  Annual Mem's, 67.50. Mrs. H.A. Lamont,
+  14; "W.C.P." balance to const.
+  REV. J.B. SILCOX and MRS. A.E. NOBLE
+  L.M's, 9.50; Dr. R.B. Hall, 10; J.M.
+  Stockman, 10; Mrs. S.C. Hasleton,
+  10; W. Johnstone, 5; T.S. Sherman,
+  5.--From Chinese Central Mission,
+  Monthly Off's, 46.90; Annual Mem's,
+  etc., 95.60; Barnes Mission, Monthly
+  Off's 8.25; Annual Mem's, etc., 8; West
+  Mission, Monthly Off's, 27.60; Annual
+  Mem's. 29; San Francisco Branch Ass'n
+  7.55, (25 of which from Chinese to
+  const. REV. J.F. MASTERS L.M.).--Saratoga,
+  10.--Woodland, 7.70                          834.95
+
+FROM INDIVIDUAL DONORS.--Messrs.
+  Balfour, Guthrie & Co., 500; Mrs. A.J.
+  Styles, 250.; Frank J. Felt, 50.; John
+  Jackson, 25.; Rev. Joseph Rowell, 10.
+  Rev. J.C. Holbrook, D.D., 10.; Mrs.
+  E.G. Chaddock, 5.; Rev. and Mrs. H.H.
+  Wickoff, 5                                   855.00
+
+FROM EASTERN FRIENDS.--Bangor, Me.,
+  Hon. E.R. Burpee, 100.--"A Friend,"
+  10.--Brewer, Me., Mrs. Hardy,
+  100.--Norridgewock, Me., Mrs. Benjamin
+  Tappan, 2.--North Conway, N.H.,
+  First Cong. Ch., 10.; Rev. R. Henry
+  Davis, 10.--Amherst, Mass., Mrs. R.A.
+  Lester, 100.--South Braintree, Mass.
+  Rev. J.B. Sewall. 25.--Marlboro,
+  Mass., Miss H.J. Alexander, 1.50.--New
+  Haven, Conn., Mrs. Henry Farnum,
+  100.--Colebrook, Conn., Miss
+  Sarah Carrington, 20.--Cincinnati,
+  Ohio, Miss L.B. Sherwood, 4.--Richfield,
+  Minn, T.N. Spaulding, 1.                     483.50
+
+                                            ---------
+
+Total                                       $3,138.40
+
+                                            =========
+
+
+H.W. HUBBARD, Treasurer,
+
+56 Reade N.Y.
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of American Missionary, Volume 43, No.
+12, December, 1889, by Various
+
+*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK AMERICAN MISSIONARY ***
+
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+    <title>
+      The Project Gutenberg eBook of The American Missionary, Vol. 43, No. 12, December, 1889.
+    </title>
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+
+The Project Gutenberg EBook of American Missionary, Volume 43, No. 12,
+December, 1889, by Various
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: American Missionary, Volume 43, No. 12, December, 1889
+
+Author: Various
+
+Release Date: July 1, 2005 [EBook #16172]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK AMERICAN MISSIONARY ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Cornell University, Joshua Hutchinson, Donald
+Perry and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at
+https://www.pgdp.net
+
+
+
+
+
+
+</pre>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_i" id="Page_i"></a>[i]</span></p>
+
+<h1>THE AMERICAN MISSIONARY</h1>
+
+<hr class="full" />
+<table class="volume" width="100%" summary="Title">
+  <tr>
+    <td width="25%" align="left"><b>Vol. XLIII.</b></td>
+    <td width="50%" align="center"><b>DECEMBER, 1889.</b></td>
+    <td width="25%" align="right"><b>No. 12.</b></td>
+  </tr>
+</table>
+<hr class="full" />
+
+<ul>
+<li><a href="#EDITORIAL"><b>EDITORIAL.</b></a>
+  <ul>
+    <li><a href="#OUR_ANNUAL_MEETING"><span class="smcap">Our Annual Meeting</span></a></li>
+    <li><a href="#FINANCIAL"><span class="smcap">Financial</span></a></li>
+    <li><a href="#THE_DANIEL_HAND_FUND"><span class="smcap">The Daniel Hand Fund</span></a></li>
+    <li><a href="#THE_LITERATURE_OF_THE_MEETING"><span class="smcap">The Literature of The Meeting</span></a></li>
+    <li><a href="#NOTICES_FROM_THE_PRESS"><span class="smcap">Notices from the Press</span></a></li>
+    <li><a href="#THE_AMERICAN_MISSIONARY"><span class="smcap">The "American Missionary"</span></a></li>
+    <li><a href="#BRIEF_NOTES"><span class="smcap">Brief Notes</span></a></li>
+  </ul>
+</li>
+<li><a href="#FORTY-THIRD_ANNUAL_MEETING"><b>ANNUAL MEETING.</b></a>
+  <ul>
+    <li><a href="#The_Forty-third_Annual_Meeting_of_the_American_Missionary_Association"><span class="smcap">Proceedings of Annual Meeting</span></a></li>
+    <li><a href="#SUMMARY_OF_TREASURERS_REPORT"><span class="smcap">Summary of Treasurer's Report</span></a></li>
+    <li><a href="#THE_AMERICAN_MISSIONARY_ASSOCIATION_ITS_PLACE_AND_WORK"><span class="smcap">The American Missionary Association&mdash;Its Place and Work.
+    By Secretary Strieby</span></a></li>
+    <li><a href="#THE_MISSIONARY_VIEW_OF_THE_SOUTHERN_SITUATION"><span class="smcap">The Missionary View of the Southern Situation.
+    By Secretary Beard</span></a></li>
+    <li><a href="#REPORTS_OF_COMMITTEES"><span class="smcap">Reports of Committees</span></a></li>
+    <li><a href="#ADDRESSES_ON_THE_PRECEDING_REPORTS"><span class="smcap">Addresses on These Reports, by Messrs. Wright, Woodbury, Taylor, Hiatt,
+    Fisk, Foster, Riggs, Stimson, Goodwin, and Salisbury</span></a></li>
+    <li><a href="#ADDRESS_OF_REV_WM_M_TAYLOR"><span class="smcap">Closing Address by Rev. Dr. Taylor</span></a></li>
+  </ul>
+</li>
+<li><a href="#BUREAU_OF_WOMANS_WORK"><b>BUREAU OF WOMAN'S WORK.</b></a>
+  <ul>
+    <li><a href="#REPORT_OF_SECRETARY"><span class="smcap">Report of Secretary</span></a></li>
+    <li><a href="#WOMANS_STATE_ORGANIZATIONS"><span class="smcap">Woman's State Organizations</span></a></li>
+  </ul>
+</li>
+<li><a href="#RECEIPTS_FOR_OCTOBER_1889"><b>RECEIPTS</b></a>
+</li>
+</ul>
+<br />
+<hr class="quarter" />
+
+<div class="center"><b>NEW YORK:<br />
+PUBLISHED BY THE AMERICAN MISSIONARY ASSOCIATION.<br />
+Rooms, 56 Reade Street.</b></div>
+<br />
+
+<div class="center">Price, 50 Cents a Year, in Advance.<br />
+Entered at the Post Office at New York, N.Y., as second-class matter.</div>
+<br />
+<hr style='width: 65%;' />
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_ii" id="Page_ii"></a>[ii]</span></p>
+
+<h2>American Missionary Association.</h2>
+
+<ul>
+  <li>PRESIDENT, Rev. <span class="smcap">Wm. M. Taylor</span>, D.D., LL.D., N.Y.</li>
+  <li><i>Vice-Presidents.</i>
+  <ul>
+    <li>Rev. <span class="smcap">A.J.F. Behrends</span>, D.D., N.Y.</li>
+    <li>Rev. <span class="smcap">F.A. Noble</span>, D.D., Ill.</li>
+    <li>Rev. <span class="smcap">Alex. McKenzie</span>, D.D., Mass.</li>
+    <li>Rev. <span class="smcap">D.O. Mears</span>, D.D., Mass.</li>
+    <li>Rev. <span class="smcap">Henry Hopkins</span>, D.D., Mo.</li>
+  </ul>
+  </li>
+  <li><i>Corresponding Secretaries.</i>
+  <ul>
+    <li>Rev. M.E. <span class="smcap">Strieby</span>, D.D., <i>56 Reads Street, N.Y.</i></li>
+    <li>Rev. A.F. <span class="smcap">Beard</span>, D.D., <i>56 Reade Street, N.Y.</i></li>
+  </ul>
+  </li>
+  <li><i>Recording Secretary.</i>
+  <ul>
+    <li>Rev. M.E. <span class="smcap">Strieby</span>, D.D., <i>56 Reade Street, N.Y.</i></li>
+  </ul>
+  </li>
+  <li><i>Treasurer.</i>
+  <ul>
+    <li><span class="smcap">H.W. Hubbard</span>, Esq., <i>56 Reade Street, N.Y.</i></li>
+  </ul>
+  </li>
+  <li><i>Auditors.</i>
+  <ul>
+    <li><span class="smcap">Peter McCartee</span>.</li>
+    <li><span class="smcap">Chas. P. Peirce</span>.</li>
+  </ul>
+  </li>
+  <li><i>Executive Committee.</i>
+    <ul>
+      <li><span class="smcap">John H. Washburn</span>, Chairman.</li>
+      <li><span class="smcap">Addison P. Foster</span>, Secretary.</li>
+    </ul>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+    <ul>
+      <li><i>For Three Years.</i>
+       <ul>
+          <li><span class="smcap">S.B. Halliday</span>,</li>
+          <li><span class="smcap">Samuel Holmes</span>,</li>
+          <li><span class="smcap">Samuel S. Marples</span>,</li>
+          <li><span class="smcap">Charles L. Mead</span>,</li>
+          <li><span class="smcap">Elbert B. Monroe</span>.</li>
+        </ul>
+      </li>
+      <li><i>For Two Years.</i>
+        <ul>
+          <li><span class="smcap">J.E. Rankin</span>,</li>
+          <li><span class="smcap">Wm. H. Ward</span>,</li>
+          <li><span class="smcap">J.W. Cooper</span>,</li>
+          <li><span class="smcap">John H. Washburn</span>,</li>
+          <li><span class="smcap">Edmund L. Champlin</span>.</li>
+        </ul>
+      </li>
+      <li><i>For One Year.</i>
+        <ul>
+          <li><span class="smcap">Lyman Abbott</span>,</li>
+          <li><span class="smcap">Chas. A. Hull</span>,</li>
+          <li><span class="smcap">Clinton B. Fisk</span>,</li>
+          <li><span class="smcap">Addison P. Foster</span>,</li>
+          <li><span class="smcap">Albert J. Lyman</span>.</li>
+        </ul>
+      </li>
+    </ul>
+  </li>
+  <li><i>District Secretaries.</i>
+  <ul>
+    <li>Rev. <span class="smcap">C.J. Ryder</span>, <i>21 Cong'l House, Boston.</i></li>
+    <li>Rev. <span class="smcap">J.E. Roy</span>, D.D., <i>151 Washington Street, Chicago.</i></li>
+    <li>Rev. <span class="smcap">Rev. C.W. Hiatt</span>, <i>64 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio</i>.</li>
+  </ul>
+  </li>
+<li><i>Financial Secretary for Indian Missions.</i>
+    <ul>
+      <li>Rev. <span class="smcap">Chas. W. Shelton</span>.</li>
+    </ul>
+  </li>
+  <li><i>Field Superintendent.</i>
+    <ul>
+      <li>Rev.<span class="smcap"> Frank E. Jenkins</span>,</li>
+    </ul>
+  </li>
+  <li><i>Secretary Of Woman's Bureau.</i>
+    <ul>
+      <li>Miss <span class="smcap">D.E. Emerson</span>, <i>56 Reade St. N.Y.</i></li>
+    </ul>
+  </li>
+</ul>
+
+<h4>COMMUNICATIONS</h4>
+
+<p>Relating to the work of the Association may be addressed to the
+Corresponding Secretaries; letters for "THE AMERICAN MISSIONARY," to the
+Editor, at the New York Office; letters relating to the finances, to the
+Treasurer.</p>
+
+
+<h4>DONATIONS AND SUBSCRIPTIONS</h4>
+
+<p>In drafts, checks, registered letters, or post-office orders, may be
+sent to H.W. Hubbard, Treasurer, 56 Reade Street, New York, or, when
+more convenient, to either of the Branch Offices, 21 Congregational
+House, Boston, Mass., or 151 Washington Street, Chicago, Ill. A payment
+of thirty dollars at one time constitutes a Life Member.</p>
+
+<p>NOTICE TO SUBSCRIBERS.&mdash;The date on the "address label" indicates the
+time to which the subscription is paid. Changes are made in date on
+ladle to the 10th of each month. If payment of subscription be made
+afterward, the change on the label will appear a month later. Please
+send early notice of change in post-office address, giving the former
+address and the new address, in order that our periodicals and
+occasional papers may be correctly mailed.</p>
+
+
+<h4>FORM OF A BEQUEST.</h4>
+
+<p>"I bequeath to my executor (or executors) the sum of &mdash;&mdash; dollars, in
+trust, to pay the same in &mdash;&mdash; days after my decease to the person who,
+when the same is payable, shall act as Treasurer of the 'American
+Missionary Association,' of New York City, to be applied, under the
+direction of the Executive Committee of the Association, to its
+charitable uses and purposes." The Will should be attested by three
+witnesses.</p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" /><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_331" id="Page_331"></a>[331]</span>
+<h2><a name="EDITORIAL" id="EDITORIAL"></a>THE AMERICAN MISSIONARY.</h2>
+<table width="60%" summary="Title" align="center">
+  <tr>
+    <td align="left" width="25%"><b><span class="smcap">Vol.</span> XLIII.</b></td>
+    <td align="center" width="50%"><b>DECEMBER, 1889.</b></td>
+     <td align="right" width="25%"><b><span class="smcap">No.</span> 12.</b></td>
+  </tr>
+</table>
+<hr style='width: 65%;' />
+
+<h3>American Missionary Association.</h3>
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="OUR_ANNUAL_MEETING" id="OUR_ANNUAL_MEETING"></a>OUR ANNUAL MEETING.</h2>
+
+<p>We return from our Annual Meeting held in Chicago with a deep sense of
+gratitude to God and to the many friends who in various ways helped to
+make it one of the most pleasant and profitable of our anniversaries. We
+did not have the remarkable uplift of a munificent gift like that of Mr.
+Daniel Hand, which made our meeting at Providence so memorable, but we
+had, in the strength and appropriateness of the sermon, and in the
+ability of the addresses, papers and reports, that which will render
+this meeting a cheering landmark in our history.</p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="FINANCIAL" id="FINANCIAL"></a>FINANCIAL.</h2>
+
+<div class="center">$500,000 FOR 1889-90.</div>
+
+<p>Our financial exhibit, with the able report upon it, was one of the
+encouraging features of our Annual Meeting. The report of the Treasurer
+announced the gratifying fact that the books closed with all obligations
+and indebtedness paid, and with a balance on hand of over $4,000. The
+able Finance Committee gave a careful examination of the Treasurer's
+books and papers, and made very commendatory report as to methods and
+accuracy.</p>
+
+<p>The National Council, at its meeting in Worcester, recommended that the
+churches contribute to the Association for the coming year $500,000. The
+Finance Committee after careful examination of the needs of the work
+endorsed the recommendation of the Council, and the Association heartily
+adopted the report. This sum, therefore, is what, in the judgment of
+competent persons, is imperatively needed; and we, therefore, take
+pleasure in going before our constituents, appealing for that amount.</p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="THE_DANIEL_HAND_FUND" id="THE_DANIEL_HAND_FUND"></a>THE DANIEL HAND FUND.</h2>
+
+<p>This noble gift, which awakened such enthusiasm at our annual meeting
+one year ago, came with its echo of work well done during the year&mdash;an
+<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_332" id="Page_332"></a>[332]</span>echo which we trust will reverberate with steady force through all the
+years to come. In the Treasurer's report the figures were given as to
+the appropriations made from the income of this Fund during the year; in
+the General Survey cheering statements were made as to the many pupils
+it had stimulated to industry and education, and the buildings it had
+erected; and in several of the papers and addresses, grateful mention
+was made of the benefits conferred by it. We trust that other large
+givers may be stimulated to follow in the footsteps of one who has so
+wisely invested his money for the uplifting of the most needy in our
+land.</p>
+
+<p>A recent letter from Mr. Hand shows his deep solicitude that his gift
+shall be used for the highest moral and religious purposes. He says: "I
+have feared that the teachers might be more concerned for letters than
+for morals. My bequest was given to you chiefly as a religious society.
+Religion is the first, chiefest and best of it all."</p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="THE_LITERATURE_OF_THE_MEETING" id="THE_LITERATURE_OF_THE_MEETING"></a>THE LITERATURE OF THE MEETING.</h2>
+
+<p>This presents a genuine case of the embarrassment of riches. We never
+had better. We wish all our friends might have the opportunity for the
+careful study of it, for it is worth their time and attention.</p>
+
+<p>Full reports of the proceedings were made daily in the <i>Chicago Inter
+Ocean</i>. They were all gathered into a supplement, and have already been
+widely scattered. Some copies are still on hand at our offices in New
+York, Boston, Cleveland and Chicago, and can be had on application.</p>
+
+<p>The annual sermon, as usual, will be printed with the Annual Report.
+This number of the MISSIONARY (an enlarged number) will contain the
+Minutes and the official papers, including reports and the speeches upon
+them, (the latter necessarily somewhat abridged) Secretaries' papers,
+and the closing address of Rev. Dr. Taylor. Other papers and addresses,
+including the Representative Addresses, will be published hereafter as
+far as practicable in subsequent numbers of the MISSIONARY or in some
+other form.</p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="NOTICES_FROM_THE_PRESS" id="NOTICES_FROM_THE_PRESS"></a>NOTICES FROM THE PRESS.</h2>
+
+<h4>FROM THE ADVANCE.</h4>
+
+<p>No meeting of the American Missionary Association has ever been better
+than this last one. Dr. William M. Taylor, who with such consummate
+felicity combines so many of the best characteristics of the Scotch, the
+English and the Yankee, presided. The topics of the several papers and
+addresses, though covering a large range of thought all converged to the
+same main point, and were especially pertinent to the hour. Those who
+had been invited to prepare papers showed, by the manifest pains they
+took with them, their sense of the importance of the occasion. They
+<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_333" id="Page_333"></a>[333]</span>brought the results of their best and most earnest thinking. And it is
+rare that such speakers are confronted by a more earnest, intelligent
+and sympathetic audience.</p>
+
+<p>The meeting was a good one in every respect; it is not easy to
+overestimate either its delightfulness or its moral power. It is not
+possible for a great society to place before itself a more eminently
+Christlike purpose. It has been greatly honored of God in its results
+thus far. And no decently intelligent history of America will ever fail
+to note the vital and decisively critical part which, in the Providence
+that overrules all history, has been given to this so timely and so
+sagaciously Christian organization to take in preparing the various
+despised races of America for good citizenship in our common country, so
+that Negro, Indian, Chinaman and whatever other race representatives are
+among us may sing in glorious unison: "My country 'tis of thee, sweet
+land of liberty!"</p>
+
+<hr style='width: 45%;' />
+
+<h4>FROM THE CONGREGATIONALIST.</h4>
+
+<p>The Annual Meeting in Chicago was remarkable in many respects. All the
+sessions were good. There was no talking against time. There were no
+displays of eloquence. No one spoke for effect. The ruling desire seemed
+to be to get at the facts, and to learn the lessons which they teach.</p>
+
+<p>Subjects were carefully grouped together, so that at the close of the
+meeting one felt that the fourfold character of the work of the
+Association had been fully and intelligently presented. Speeches were
+almost entirely by those whose names were on the programme, and who,
+therefore, had given time and thought to the matters on which they had
+been invited to enlighten others. Every one came with the idea that he
+<i>might</i> speak, that he had the liberty of the floor, and yet few cared
+to use this liberty. Debate is good, but on matters which concern the
+treatment of more than ten millions of people&mdash;eight of Negroes, two of
+mountain whites, besides Indians and Chinese&mdash;extempore addresses are
+not the best use of time. As a result of this preparation, Wednesday,
+the day when most of the papers were read, will compare favorably with
+the best days of the American Board. The ability of the younger men in
+our denomination was conspicuous. None of our great benevolent
+enterprises will suffer in their hands.</p>
+
+<p>While there was great seriousness, there was also evident hopefulness,
+and an unshaken confidence in the power of the gospel to remove all the
+difficulties in the race problem, the Indian and the Chinese questions,
+and in the treatment of the Mountain Whites. While a unit in sentiment
+as to the importance of the school, the convention seemed to be equally
+a unit as to the importance of making it a missionary school, and of
+keeping it in closest union with the church. The conviction seemed to
+prevail that to separate the one from the other would, in the highest
+degree, be unfortunate. It was evident, furthermore, that the work of
+the Association has only just begun, that no backward step can be taken,
+and that the churches <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_334" id="Page_334"></a>[334]</span>ought to give larger sums for the support of the
+Association year by year. It deserves, and will reward, their confidence
+and generosity.</p>
+
+<hr style='width: 45%;' />
+
+<h4>FROM THE CHRISTIAN UNION.</h4>
+
+<p>The Annual Meeting of the American Missionary Association, held in
+Chicago last week, and of which a full account will be found elsewhere,
+brought out anew the directness and energy with which this society is
+bringing its aid to the solution of some of the most immediate and
+perplexing problems in this country. The Negro, the Indian and the
+Chinese are the especial objects of its care, and it has rendered
+immense service to these races in this country, not only by its direct
+answer to the appeal for help which comes, consciously or unconsciously,
+from all of them, but by its educational influence upon the country at
+large. The importance of the race question in the South cannot be
+overstated, and it is a question the very gravity of which makes all
+partisanship on either side the gravest offense against the welfare of
+the country. The American Missionary Association, planting itself
+resolutely on the principle of equal justice to all races on our
+continent, and holding firmly to the method of Christian education,
+holds distinct leadership in the only direction which can bring
+permanent peace and safety. There is no missionary work in the world so
+urgent and so important as that among the Negroes of the South. It is
+not often that the work of a great Association is so plainly marked,
+commends itself so thoroughly to the support of the country, and
+converges so directly upon those things which are most urgent in their
+demand upon the best thought of the best citizens, as the work of the
+American Missionary Association.</p>
+
+<hr style='width: 45%;' />
+
+<h4>FROM THE INDEPENDENT.</h4>
+
+<p>The meeting of the American Missionary Association in Chicago had no
+debated question to excite difference. All agree that the meeting was
+one of the most earnest and effective in the history of the Association.
+Beginning with the opening sermon of Dr. Meredith, and closing with the
+address of Dr. Taylor, all the reports and addresses were thoughtful and
+pertinent. Some of the papers on special topics were of a very high
+order, and it may not be invidious to name the remarkable paper by
+Colonel Keating, of Memphis, Tenn., which places him alongside of Drs.
+Curry and Haygood among the leaders of thought in creating the true New
+South.</p>
+
+<hr style='width: 45%;' />
+
+<h4>FROM THE HARTFORD COURANT.</h4>
+
+<p>No society in all this country of societies is doing nobler or more
+useful work than the one which has been holding its yearly meeting this
+week <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_335" id="Page_335"></a>[335]</span>in the city of Chicago; none more thoroughly deserves the favor and
+sympathy (expressing itself in dollars) of the public.</p>
+
+<p>Look at a few eloquent figures. This American Missionary Association,
+not yet fifty years old, has one hundred and thirteen missionaries at
+work among the Negroes, the sadly neglected white mountaineers and the
+newly arrived immigrants in the Southern States. It has established and
+maintains there one hundred and thirty-six churches; also five chartered
+institutions of learning, eighteen normal and graded schools, and
+thirty-seven common schools, served by two hundred and sixty
+instructors. Among the Indians it has half a dozen churches and three
+times that number of schools, sixty-eight missionaries and teachers;
+among the Chinese in this country, sixteen schools, thirty-five
+missionaries and teachers. Its expenditures during the year footed up a
+little over $366,000&mdash;a little over a thousand dollars a day. What a
+work these figures represent, not merely for the Christian religion, but
+for civilization, for morals, for good citizenship!</p>
+
+<p>The American Missionary Association ought to have at least half a
+million dollars to work with, this year, and Hartford should show well
+up toward the top in the list of contributors.</p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="THE_AMERICAN_MISSIONARY" id="THE_AMERICAN_MISSIONARY"></a>"THE AMERICAN MISSIONARY."</h2>
+
+<p>The rich treat which this number of the MISSIONARY presents may well
+suggest the privilege and duty not only of reading, but also of
+circulating it. Let each reader possess himself of these important facts
+and figures&mdash;these broad views as to the great work laid on the hearts
+of American patriots and Christians&mdash;and then hand the magazine to some
+neighbor. Let us suggest farther, that the MISSIONARY, in its monthly
+issues, is full of the same sort of facts and thoughts, and should be
+more widely read&mdash;it should have a <i>larger list of paying subscribers</i>.
+Please read the subjoined letter from a converted Chinaman and then "go
+and do thou likewise."</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+<div class="right"><br />LOS ANGELES, CAL., Sept. 25, 1889.</div>
+
+<p><i>Dear American Missionary:</i></p>
+
+<p>I am sorry to say that I have utterly forgotten to pay you
+for the <i>American Missionary</i> for the year 1889. Now I beg
+your pardon for that. You know I have used to send the money
+through our pastor Dr. Pond, but since I had left San
+Francisco visiting missions in different towns and cities
+and therefore the <i>American Missionary</i> did not reached me
+while I am away from Los Angeles, so my attention of paying
+for it was dropped from that point. Now I sent you <i>one
+dollars</i> including a new subscriber, our brother Jue King.
+While I am writing this note another brother came in who
+wish to get one also, and therefore have to send you $1.50,
+one dollar &amp; 50 cents. This brother name Leung Chow, Los
+Angeles. Address Jue King's to the same P.O. Box as mine and
+oblige. God bless the American Missionary.</p>
+
+<div class="center">Respectfully yours,</div>
+
+<div class="right">LOO QUONG.</div>
+</div>
+
+<hr width="65%" />
+<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_336" id="Page_336"></a>[336]</span>
+<h2><a name="BRIEF_NOTES" id="BRIEF_NOTES"></a>BRIEF NOTES.</h2>
+
+<h4>REV. C.J. RYDER, DISTRICT SECRETARY.</h4>
+
+<p>A little swarm of "Busy Bees," in Dover, N.H., have been making honey
+for the needy children in one of the missions of our Association. Their
+gift, amounting to sixty-five dollars, has been used to furnish a
+Reference Library for the school at Wilmington, N.C. Special rates were
+kindly given us on books by the Congregational Sunday-school and
+Publishing Society and other firms in Boston, so that this sixty-five
+dollars furnished a number of very useful books. Have not these "Busy
+Bees" in New Hampshire set a good example to other children's societies?</p>
+
+<p>Speaking of the Sunday-school and Publishing Society reminds me of two
+things. The first is the kindly interest and generous help of that
+society in the work being done by the Association in various fields.
+Literature is abundantly supplied from their press, and in some
+instances they have sent colporteurs and missionaries into the various
+fields, who do a grand good work.</p>
+
+<p>The other thing suggested by reference to this society is a queer
+contribution which was brought in to Mr. Hall, a missionary of the
+Association at Fort Berthold, Dakota. I chanced to be there when it was
+brought in. Mr. Hall had told the Indian boys and girls of the useful
+work done by the Sunday-school and Publishing Society in different parts
+of the land. It has always been the policy of the Association, as our
+friends know, to present the other Congregational Societies in our
+missions, and distribute the small gifts which it is possible for these
+poor people to give, among the different societies and not absorb it all
+in the Association. These Indian boys had not money to give to the
+Sunday-school Society, but they saw a premium offered for killing
+gophers. They are a mischievous little animal, devouring a large amount
+of wheat, corn and other grain every year. The farmers pay two cents for
+each dead gopher. The proof that the gopher has been killed is his tail.
+Now these little Indian boys had been so interested in the story told of
+the work being done by the Sunday-school Society, that they spent their
+Saturday afternoon holiday snaring gophers. They brought the tails in
+the envelopes of the society, as their contribution. I took some of the
+envelopes, paying two cents apiece for each tail and brought them East
+with me. On one envelope I found the following: "Richard Fox, one tail."
+What could be more appropriate!</p>
+
+<hr style='width: 45%;' />
+
+<p>Another of our District Secretaries not long since took a cup of coffee
+at a lunch counter kept by a colored man in Northern Ohio. After paying,
+he spoke of the work of the American Missionary Association. The colored
+man's face lit up at once.</p>
+
+<p>"Are you in that work?"</p>
+
+<p>"Yes, I am."</p>
+
+<p>"Take back that fifteen cents, sir."</p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" /><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_337" id="Page_337"></a>[337]</span>
+<h3><a name="FORTY-THIRD_ANNUAL_MEETING" id="FORTY-THIRD_ANNUAL_MEETING"></a>FORTY-THIRD ANNUAL MEETING</h3>
+
+<h4>OF THE</h4>
+
+<h2>American Missionary Association.</h2>
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<p><a name="The_Forty-third_Annual_Meeting_of_the_American_Missionary_Association" id="The_Forty-third_Annual_Meeting_of_the_American_Missionary_Association"></a>
+The Forty-third Annual Meeting of the American Missionary Association
+convened in the New England Congregational Church of Chicago, Ill., on
+Tuesday, October 29, 1889, at 3 o'clock P.M.</p>
+
+<p>The Association was called to order by the President, Rev. William M.
+Taylor, D.D. The hymn, "I love thy kingdom, Lord," was sung, after which
+the President read the thirty-fifth chapter of Isaiah and led the
+Association in prayer.</p>
+
+<p>Dr. Norman Seaver, supplying temporarily the pulpit of the New England
+Church, welcomed the Association, and was responded to by Dr. Taylor.</p>
+
+<p>Rev. N.A. Millerd and Rev. E.N. Andrews were appointed tellers, and
+while the roll was being made out, Secretary A.F. Beard read the portion
+of the Constitution relating to membership in the Association. Rev. J.C.
+Armstrong, of Illinois, was elected Secretary, and Rev. E.S. Williams,
+of Minnesota, Assistant Secretary.</p>
+
+<p>The President was instructed to appoint a Nominating Committee.</p>
+
+<p>The Treasurer, H.W. Hubbard, Esq., presented his annual report with
+schedules and the certificates of the auditors. The report was accepted
+and referred to the Committee on Finance.</p>
+
+<p>Field Superintendent Rev. Frank E. Jenkins read the General Survey of
+the Executive Committee. The document was accepted and the parts were
+referred to the special committees to be appointed.</p>
+
+<p>The President appointed the Nominating Committee as follows: Rev. G.S.F.
+Savage, D.D., Rev. H.P. Higley, D.D., Rev. A.W. Archibald, Rev. A.B.
+Allen and Rev. A.C. Hodges.</p>
+
+<p>The Association was led by Secretary Strieby in a concert of prayer with
+the workers in the field, Rev. Flavel Bascom, D.D., District Secretary
+Roy and many others participating, by remarks or prayers, in the
+exercises.</p>
+
+<p>The Nominating Committee reported the following committees, which were
+appointed:</p>
+
+<p><i>Committee on Business.</i>&mdash;Rev. G.H. Ide, D.D., Rev. C.R. Bruce, Rev.
+M.W. Montgomery, Rev. D.P. Breed, Rev. E.M. Williams.</p>
+
+<p><i>Committee on Finance.</i>&mdash;F.J. Lamb, Esq., J.H. Moore, Esq., Pres. David
+Beaton, Pres. Albert Salisbury and Rev. W.S. Rugby.</p>
+
+<p><i>Committee of Arrangements.</i>&mdash;Rev. Norman Seaver, D.D., Wm. Dickinson,
+Esq., Wm. H. Bradley, Esq., O.B. Green, Esq., Rev. F.A. Noble, D.D.,
+J.H. Hollister, M.D., District Secretary J.E. Roy.</p>
+
+<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_338" id="Page_338"></a>[338]</span>
+<h4>EVENING SESSION.</h4>
+
+<p>The exercises Tuesday evening opened with a selection by the quartette
+choir of the New England Church.</p>
+
+<p>The Association was called to order by President Taylor, and Rev. W.B.
+Wright, D.D., read the Scripture and led in prayer. "Watchman, tell us
+of the night," was then sung, after which Rev. R.R. Meredith, of New
+York, preached the Annual Sermon, from Isaiah xlii, 1-4.</p>
+
+<p>The sermon was followed by the administration of the Lord's Supper. The
+following named persons officiated at the service: Ministers: Rev. H.P.
+Higley, D.D., Rev. Graham Taylor, D.D. Deacons: S.D. Hastings, W.H.
+Bradley, Wm. Dickinson, C.F. Gates, H.W. Hubbard and Chauncey Collom.</p>
+
+<p>At the close of the communion service, adjournment was taken to
+Wednesday at 8 A.M.</p>
+
+<p>The benediction was pronounced by President Taylor.</p>
+
+
+<h4>WEDNESDAY MORNING.</h4>
+
+<p>The prayer-meeting from 8 to 9 o'clock was led by President E.D. Eaton.
+At 9 o'clock, President Eaton was called to the chair temporarily, and
+was succeeded by the Vice-President of the Association, Rev. F.A. Noble,
+D.D.</p>
+
+<p>The minutes of the previous day were read and approved.</p>
+
+<p>The President, Dr. Taylor, then resumed the chair.</p>
+
+<p>The Nominating Committee reported the following special committees, who
+were appointed:</p>
+
+<p><i>Committee on the Chinese.</i>&mdash;Rev. H.A. Stimson, D.D., Rev. E.P. Goodwin,
+D.D., Rev. Wm. Walker, Rev. J.G. Aikman, D.J. Pike, Esq.</p>
+
+<p><i>Committee on the Indians.</i>&mdash;Rev. A.P. Foster, D.D., Gen. C.H. Howard,
+Rev. Clinton Douglass, Rev. C.V. Spear.</p>
+
+<p><i>Committee on Educational Work.</i>&mdash;Rev. W.B. Wright, D.D., Rev. F.P.
+Woodbury, D.D., Rev. Amos Dresser, Rev. H.M. Tupper, Rev. F.A. Ragland.</p>
+
+<p><i>Committee on Church Work.</i>&mdash;Rev. Graham Taylor, D.D., Rev. Warren F.
+Day, Rev. L.B. Maxwell, S.D. Hastings, Esq., O. Davidson, Esq.</p>
+
+<p><i>Committee on Mountain Work.</i>&mdash;Rev. D.M. Fisk, D.D., Rev. S.E. Lathrop,
+Rev. S.A. Norton, Rev. E.P. South, Rev. W.E. Barton, Robert F. Wheeler,
+Esq.</p>
+
+<p>A paper on "The American Missionary Association, its Place and Work,"
+was read by Secretary M.E. Strieby, and referred to a committee to be
+appointed.</p>
+
+<p>Following this, Secretary A.F. Beard read a paper on "The Missionary
+View of the Southern Situation," which was referred also to a committee
+to be appointed.</p>
+
+<p>The report of the Committee on the Chinese Work was presented by <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_339" id="Page_339"></a>[339]</span>Rev.
+Henry A. Stimson, D.D. and accepted, and an address was made by Rev. E.
+P. Goodwin, D.D.</p>
+
+<p>The Nominating Committee nominated the following special committees, who
+were appointed:</p>
+
+<p><i>Committee on Secretary Strieby's Paper.</i>&mdash;Prof. G.B. Willcox, D.D.,
+Rev. J.F. Dudley, D.D., Rev. E.D. Hill, D.D., Rev. Flavel Bascom, D.D.,
+Rev. C.W. Camp, Rev. W.L. Tenney, Rev. J.E. Snowden.</p>
+
+<p><i>Committee on Secretary Beard's Paper.</i>&mdash;Rev. H.M. Tenney, D.D., Rev.
+C.O. Brown, D.D., Rev. E.M. Williams, Rev. E.F. Williams, D.D., Rev.
+Calvin Keyser, Deacon G.N. Palmer.</p>
+
+<p>Right Rev. H.B. Whipple, of Minnesota, then addressed the Association on
+"The Future of the Indian in our Country."</p>
+
+<p>After which, remarks were made on the Chinese question by Dr. H.A.
+Stimson and Rev. M.F. Sargent.</p>
+
+<p>After announcements of committees and programme for the afternoon,
+President Taylor pronounced the benediction, and recess was taken until
+2 o'clock P.M.</p>
+
+
+<h4>WEDNESDAY AFTERNOON.</h4>
+
+<p>The Association was called to order by Vice-President Noble. "Saviour,
+visit thy plantation," was sung, after which Dr. Noble conducted the
+devotional exercises for a half hour.</p>
+
+<p>A paper on "The Future of the Negro in our Country," was read by Rev.
+C.H. Richards, D.D., of Wisconsin, and referred to the Executive
+Committee with power to publish.</p>
+
+<p>Rev. C.F. Thwing, D.D., unable to be present as announced, forwarded
+his address for the use of the Secretaries of the Association.</p>
+
+<p>Rev. A.P. Foster, D.D., presented the report of the Committee on the
+Indian Work.</p>
+
+<p>Addresses were then made by Rev. T.L. Riggs, of Oahe, and Rev. C.W.
+Shelton, Financial Secretary for Indian Missions.</p>
+
+<p>After singing, "Sow in the morn thy seed," the Association was addressed
+by Rev. W.B. Wright, D.D., on the Educational Work, presenting the
+report of the committee and speaking in its behalf. Rev. F.P. Woodbury,
+D.D., spoke also on the same topic.</p>
+
+<p>After announcements, Dr. Noble pronounced the benediction, and the
+Association took a recess until 7:30 P.M.</p>
+
+
+<h4>WEDNESDAY EVENING.</h4>
+
+<p>The Association was called to order by Secretary Strieby, who invited
+E.W. Blatchford, Esq., of Illinois, to preside during the evening in the
+absence of President Taylor. Professor G.B. Willcox led the Association
+in prayer.</p>
+
+<p>On being introduced by Secretary Strieby as representing the American
+Board, Mr. Blatchford said:</p>
+
+<p>"I have no authority from the American Board to convey to you any
+<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_340" id="Page_340"></a>[340]</span>special message; and yet I know that they will be glad to have me
+express to you their sentiments of sympathy with you in your work. The
+work is one. In carrying forward the work of the American Board and the
+American Missionary Association we are obeying the same command of our
+Lord: Go ye into all the world and disciple all. We are inspired by the
+same prophetic promises, that the time will come when this world shall
+obey the command of God as it is obeyed in heaven. In fact, this
+gathering is in itself a type of the unity of this work; for as I look
+around me I see brethren and sisters representing the different
+societies in which we are all interested. I see them here from the New
+West Commission; I see the workers and representatives of our Home
+Missionary Society; I see, of course, many representatives of the
+American Missionary Association, and those deeply interested in the work
+of our American Board. So that we have here in this very meeting an
+illustration of these words of the Apostle: 'One Lord, one faith, one
+baptism.'"</p>
+
+<p>Mrs. J.J.M. Angear, in charge of a Chinese Sunday-school in the First
+Congregational Church, Chicago, spoke of her work, her Chinese choir
+singing "Stand up for Jesus," and later a verse of "Sweet By and By," in
+both English and Chinese.</p>
+
+<p>Representative addresses then followed, Mr. Chin Kue speaking for the
+Chinese, Mrs. Elizabeth Winyan for the Indians, Rev. T.L. Riggs
+interpreting, and Rev. Mr. McClellan for the Negro. A verse of "Shall we
+whose souls are lighted," was sung, after which Rev. W.E. Barton spoke
+of the Mountain Whites.</p>
+
+<p>President Eaton's paper was deferred, owing to the lateness of the hour.</p>
+
+<p>After Secretary Strieby had led the Association in prayer and pronounced
+the benediction, recess was taken until Thursday morning at 8:30 A.M.</p>
+
+
+<h4>THURSDAY MORNING.</h4>
+
+<p>Devotional exercises from 8:30 to 9 o'clock were conducted by Rev. E.S.
+Hill. Vice-President Noble called the Association to order.</p>
+
+<p>The minutes of the previous day were read and approved.</p>
+
+<p>A letter to Secretary Strieby from Col. J.M. Keating, of Tennessee, on
+the "Southern Problem," was read by Secretary J.E. Roy. A rising vote
+was taken, expressing approval of the sentiments of the letter and
+requesting the Association to publish it. Dr. F.A. Noble was instructed
+to correspond with Col. Keating, assuring him of the Association's
+appreciation of his address.</p>
+
+<p>The report on the "Mountain Work," was presented by Rev. D.M. Fisk,
+D.D., who followed it by an address.</p>
+
+<p>District Secretary C.J. Ryder read a paper on "The Debt of our Country
+to the American Highlanders."</p>
+
+<p>"My Country 'tis of Thee," was then sung, after which Secretary
+Ryder's paper was referred to the Executive Committee of the Association
+with reference to publication.</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_341" id="Page_341"></a>[341]</span>President Taylor resumed the chair at this point and introduced Rev.
+H.M. Tenney, D.D., who read the report of the committee on Secretary
+A.F. Beard's paper. The report was accepted and referred to the
+Executive Committee.</p>
+
+<p>An address on the Church Work was made by Rev. C.W. Hiatt, District
+Secretary of the Association, and was followed by several brief
+addresses on the Mountain Work.</p>
+
+<p>The report and an address was then made by Rev. Graham Taylor, D.D. The
+report was accepted and its recommendations adopted.</p>
+
+<p>After announcements, Dr. Noble was instructed to reply to Dr. Arthur
+Little, of Massachusetts, in response to his telegram of greeting. After
+the benediction by President Taylor, recess was taken until 2 o'clock
+P.M.</p>
+
+
+<h4>THURSDAY AFTERNOON.</h4>
+
+<p>The Association was called to order by Vice-President Dr. F.A. Noble. A
+verse of the hymn, "In the cross of Christ I glory," was sung. F.J.
+Lamb, Esq., read the report of the Committee on Finance, supplementing
+the report with a brief address. The report was accepted.</p>
+
+<p>The report on Secretary Strieby's paper was presented by Prof. G.B.
+Willcox, D.D. The report was accepted and referred to the Executive
+Committee.</p>
+
+<p>Following this, Secretary Strieby made a statement respecting the Hand
+Fund. Dr. E.P. Goodwin, President Salisbury and President W.M. Taylor
+spoke on the Financial Report, and the report was adopted.</p>
+
+<p>The Association then adjourned to the chapel, and the church was
+occupied by the Woman's Missionary Meeting under the auspices of the
+Woman's Bureau of the Association. Mrs. George M. Lane, of Detroit,
+Michigan, presided. The report was made by the Secretary, Miss D.E.
+Emerson, after which addresses were made by the missionaries: On the
+mountain work, by Miss Hayes, of Tennessee; on the colored people, by
+Mrs. Shaw, of Georgia, and Miss Plant, of Mississippi; and on the
+Indians, by Miss Barnaby, a native teacher.</p>
+
+<p>The Nominating Committee reported the following list of officers for the
+ensuing year:</p>
+
+
+<ul>
+<li><i>President</i>,
+  <ul>
+  <li>REV. WM. M. TAYLOR, D.D., LL.D., N.Y.</li>
+  </ul>
+</li>
+<li><i>Vice-Presidents</i>,
+  <ul>
+  <li>REV. A.J.F. BEHRENDS, D.D., N.Y.</li>
+  <li>REV. F.A. NOBLE, D.D., Ill.</li>
+  <li>REV. ALEX. McKENZIE, D.D., Mass.</li>
+  <li>REV. D.O. MEARS, D.D., Mass</li>
+  <li>REV. HENRY HOPKINS, D.D., Mo.</li>
+  </ul>
+</li>
+<li><i>Corresponding Secretaries</i>,
+  <ul>
+  <li>REV. M.E. STRIEBY, D.D., 56 Reade Street, N.Y.</li>
+  <li>REV. A.F. BEARD, D.D., 56 Reade Street, N.Y.</li>
+  </ul>
+</li>
+<li><i>Recording Secretary</i>,
+  <ul>
+  <li>REV. M.E. STRIEBY, D.D., 56 Reade Street, N.Y.</li>
+  </ul>
+</li>
+<li><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_342" id="Page_342"></a>[342]</span><i>Treasurer</i>,
+  <ul>
+  <li>H.W. HUBBARD, Esq., 56 Reade Street, N.Y.</li>
+  </ul>
+</li>
+<li><i>Auditors</i>,
+  <ul><li>PETER McCARTEE,</li>
+  <li>CHAS. P. PEIRCE.</li>
+  </ul>
+</li>
+<li><i>Executive Committee</i>,
+  <ul>
+  <li><i>For Three Years.</i>
+  <ul><li>S.B. HALLIDAY,</li>
+  <li>SAMUEL HOLMES,</li>
+  <li>SAMUEL S. MARPLES,</li>
+  <li>CHARLES L. MEAD,</li>
+  <li>ELBERT B. MONROE.</li></ul></li>
+  <li><i>For One Year.</i>&mdash;ALBERT J. LYMAN.</li>
+  </ul>
+</li>
+</ul>
+
+
+<p>A ballot was taken and the brethren named were elected. After the
+benediction by the President, recess was taken until 7:30 P.M.</p>
+
+
+<h4>THURSDAY EVENING.</h4>
+
+<p>The Association was called to order by President Taylor. "Stand up,
+stand up for Jesus," was sung, after which Rev. Simeon Gilbert, D.D.,
+led in prayer.</p>
+
+<p>The records of the previous sessions of the day were read and approved,
+and the Secretary was instructed to complete the minutes.</p>
+
+<p>The invitation to hold the next Annual Meeting in Northampton,
+Massachusetts, was accepted.</p>
+
+<p>President George A. Gates, of Iowa College, addressed the Association,
+and was followed by an address by President Cyrus Northrop, D.D., of
+Minnesota, and also by President E.D. Eaton, D.D., of Wisconsin.</p>
+
+<p>The closing address of the Association was made by President Taylor.</p>
+
+<p>The following minute read by Secretary Roy was then adopted:</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot"><p>When, just eighteen years ago, this city was smoldering in the ruins of
+the great fire, which had consumed the holy and beautiful house of this
+New England Church and the homes of every family in it, the pastor,
+searching among the ashes within these walls for some memento, found a
+charred leaf of the pulpit hymn-book on which he was able to decipher
+these words:</p>
+
+<div class="poem"><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i1">"Daughter of Zion, awake from the dust,<br /></span>
+<span class="i1">Exalt thy fallen head:<br /></span>
+<span class="i1">Rebuild thy walls, thy bounds enlarge,<br /></span>
+<span class="i1">And send thy heralds forth."<br /></span>
+</div></div>
+
+<p>That hymn was sung at the first service in the rough board tabernacle
+erected upon this spot.</p>
+
+<p>We give thanks to God this day for the faith and courage by which this
+people did awake from the dust and rebuild these walls, and by which
+they have gone on building up their spiritual temple and participating
+largely in the whole round of service for extending the Redeemer's
+kingdom, a part of which has been the inviting and the welcoming of this
+missionary convocation to their sanctuary and to their homes, and for
+which, to them, along with all others in the sister churches who have
+joined them on this occasion in exercising this grace of hospitality, we
+express our heartiest thanks.</p>
+
+<p>We here call to mind with grateful emotion one of the manliest of men,
+one of the truest disciples of Christ, Dea. C.G. Hammond, who counted it
+an honor to have ministered at this altar from the day of its setting up
+to the day of his translation, and <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_343" id="Page_343"></a>[343]</span>who for many years had served as one
+of the Vice-Presidents of this Association, and had been giving largely
+of his substance to its treasury.</p>
+
+<p>At this closing hour, we are also thankfully reminded that the First
+Congregational Church of this city was ready thirty years ago to
+entertain this Association in the days of its weakness and of its
+cross-bearing witness for Christ and for his lowly poor: and likewise,
+ten years ago, to open its doors to receive the same body then brought
+along by the providence of God to a position of honor and extended
+usefulness.</p>
+
+<p>And so we gratefully name the Union Park Church, which is now lending us
+its pastor as one of our Vice-Presidents, and which, with the other two
+churches mentioned, has furnished us with the three grand annual sermons
+of Drs. Goodwin, Noble, and Little, and the Plymouth Church, which, from
+the day of its organization, with its testimony and its offerings, has
+stood by this Association, and all the other churches of this vicinage,
+grown now to be such a comely sisterhood, which have shared with these
+others in the support of our work.</p>
+
+<p>To the four great railway passenger associations, which have extended to
+us their courtesies; to the city press, which has so immensely broadened
+the influence of this missionary convocation; to the gentlemen who, at
+no small sacrifice of time and labor, have honored this occasion by
+their addresses, reports, and clerical service; and to our honored and
+beloved President, who has guided our deliberations with such skill and
+grace, we express our obligations of thanks.</p></div>
+
+<p>Rev. Norman Seaver, D.D., responded for the New England Church. He said
+there was a saying that lightning never struck the same place twice,
+yet, though it fell to him to welcome the Association, it had also
+fallen to him to respond to this vote of thanks. He had asked Secretary
+Beard what he would say on this occasion, and was answered, in his witty
+way, "Tell us Godspeed, and we are glad to get rid of you." Dr. Seaver
+felt that the local people were the recipients, and the visitors the
+benefactors in what had been done. The President had inspired them with
+his spirit; he had not withdrawn his presence, and very late might he
+return to the heavens. Students and young ministers had been benefited
+by listening to those many learned men and devoted servants of God, and
+were inspired for future usefulness. "We are not the benefactors, we are
+the recipients, and we wish you Godspeed."</p>
+
+<p>After having sung the doxology, with the benediction by President
+Taylor, the Association adjourned, to meet at Northampton,
+Massachusetts, for its next Annual Meeting.</p>
+
+
+
+<div class='right'>
+<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="">
+<tr><td align='right'>J.C. ARMSTRONG, }</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='right'>}</td><td><i>Secretaries.</i></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='right'>E.S. WILLIAMS,&nbsp; }</td></tr>
+</table></div>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="SUMMARY_OF_TREASURERS_REPORT" id="SUMMARY_OF_TREASURERS_REPORT"></a>SUMMARY OF TREASURER'S REPORT.</h2>
+
+
+<div class='center'>
+<table  width="90%" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="EXPENDITURES">
+<tr><td colspan="3" align='center'><b>EXPENDITURES.</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="3" align='center'><br />THE SOUTH.</td></tr>
+<tr><td  width="60%" align='left'>For Church and Educational Work, Land, Buildings, etc.</td><td width="20%" align='right' valign='bottom'>$255,083.84</td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="3" align='center'><br />THE CHINESE.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>For Superintendent, Teachers, Rent, etc.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>11,070.75</td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="3" align='center'><br />THE INDIANS.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_344" id="Page_344"></a>[344]</span></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>For Church and Educational Work, Buildings, etc.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>51,781.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="3" align='center'><br />FOREIGN MISSIONS.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>For Superintendent, Missionaries, etc., for Missions in Africa, income paid to the A.B.C.F.M.</td>
+<td align='right' valign='bottom'>4,754.22</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>For Support of Aged Missionary, Jamaica, W.I.</td>
+<td align='right' valign='bottom'>250.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="3" align='center'><br />PUBLICATIONS.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>For American Missionary, (23,200 monthly), Annual Reports, Clerk-hire, Postage, etc.</td>
+  <td align='right' valign='bottom'>7,230.31</td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="3" align='center'><br />AGENCIES.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>NEW YORK.&mdash;Woman's Bureau, Secretary, Traveling Expenses, Circulars, etc.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>1,361.74</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>FOR EASTERN DISTRICT.&mdash;District Secretary, Clerk-hire, Traveling Expenses, Printing, Rent, Postage, Stationery, etc.</td>
+  <td align='right' valign='bottom'>4,589.59</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>FOR WESTERN MIDDLE DISTRICT.&mdash;District
+Secretary, Traveling Expenses, Printing,
+Rent, Postage, Stationery, etc.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>1,246.33</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>FOB WESTERN DISTRICT.&mdash;District Secretary,
+Agents, Clerk-hire, Traveling
+Expenses, etc.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>6,196.97</td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="3" align='center'><br />ADMINISTRATION.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>For Corresponding Secretaries, Treasurer,
+and Clerk-hire</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>12,505.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="3" align='center'><br />MISCELLANEOUS.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>For Rent, Care of Rooms, Furniture,
+Repairs, Fuel and Light, Books and
+Stationery, Rent of Safe Deposit Boxes,
+Clerk-hire, Postage, Traveling Expenses,
+Expressage, Telegrams, etc.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>5,541.43</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Annual Meeting</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>577.05</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Wills and Estates</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>3,385.07</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Annuity Account</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>407.93</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Amounts refunded, sent to Treasurer
+by mistake</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>122.77</td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='right'>&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='right'>$366,104.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Debt Sept. 30, 1888</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>5,641.21</td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='right'>&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='right'>371,745.21</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Balance on hand September 30, 1889</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>4,471.67</td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='right'>&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&nbsp;</td><td  width="15%" align='right' valign='bottom'>$376,216.88</td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="3" align='right'>=========</td></tr>
+</table></div>
+<br />
+
+<div class='center'>
+<table width="90%" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="RECEIPTS">
+<tr><td colspan="3" align='center'><b>RECEIPTS.</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td width="60%" align='left'>From Churches, Sabbath Schools, Missionary Societies and Individuals</td><td width="20%" align='right' valign='bottom'>$189,299.57</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Estates and Legacies</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>114,020.41</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Income, Sundry Funds</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>10,947.26</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Tuition and Public Funds</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>34,126.69</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Rent</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>506.36</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>United States Government, for Education of Indians</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>16,408.85</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Slater Fund, paid to Institutions</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>8,899.99</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Sale of Property</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>2,007.75</td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='right'>&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&nbsp;</td><td width="15%" align='right' valign='bottom'>$376,216.88</td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="3" align='right'>=========</td></tr>
+</table></div>
+<br />
+<br />
+
+<div class='center'>
+<table width="90%" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="DANIEL HAND FUND AND OTHER">
+<tr><td colspan="3" align='center'><b>DANIEL HAND FUND, INCOME ACCOUNT.</b><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_345" id="Page_345"></a>[345]</span></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Income received to September 30, 1889</td><td colspan="2" align='right' valign='bottom'>$36,999.71</td></tr>
+<tr><td width="60%" align='left'>Amount expended</td><td width="20%" align='right' valign='bottom'>$20,311.15</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Balance in hand and appropriated</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>16,688.56</td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='right'>&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&nbsp;</td><td width="15%" align='right' valign='bottom'>36,999.71</td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="3" align='right'>=========</td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="3" align='center'><br /><b>RECEIPTS FOR THE WORK OF THE YEAR 1888-89.</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>For Current Work</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>$376,216.88</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Income from Daniel Hand Fund</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>36,999.71</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='right'>Total</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&nbsp;</td><td align='right'>$413,216.59</td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="3" align='center'><br /><b>ENDOWMENT FUNDS RECEIVED DURING THE YEAR 1888-89.</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>The Daniel Hand Fund for the Education
+of Colored People, Securities
+received, face value</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>$1,000,894.25</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Foltz Endowment Fund, Estate of Rev.
+Benjamin Foltz. (Balance)</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>500.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='right'>&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&nbsp;</td><td width="15%" align='right' valign='bottom'>$1,001,394.25</td></tr>
+</table></div>
+
+<br /><br /><br />
+<div class="right">H.W. HUBBARD, Treasurer,<br />
+56 Reade Street, New York.</div>
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="THE_AMERICAN_MISSIONARY_ASSOCIATION_ITS_PLACE_AND_WORK" id="THE_AMERICAN_MISSIONARY_ASSOCIATION_ITS_PLACE_AND_WORK"></a>THE AMERICAN MISSIONARY ASSOCIATION&mdash;ITS PLACE AND WORK.</h2>
+
+<h4>BY SECRETARY M.E. STRIEBY.</h4>
+
+<p>We commemorate the forty-third anniversary of the American Missionary
+Association. During these years, its place and work have become somewhat
+definitely settled, and I take this occasion to set forth the position
+that it now holds in relation to its constituents, its sister societies,
+and the great work providentially thrown upon it.</p>
+
+<p>1. The Association recognizes the control of its constituents. That
+recognition was one of the corner-stones on which it was founded. It
+sought its members and its funds from persons of evangelical faith and
+practical morality. Of such, it offered membership to any one who
+contributed to its funds. Thus broadly was it placed on a popular basis.</p>
+
+<p>At length, however, it began to be felt by many of its supporters that
+there were evils in this method&mdash;that the acts of the society were
+liable to be regulated by the local attendance at each annual meeting,
+and that such meetings might easily be "packed" to carry out a purpose.
+The officers of the Association, true to the cardinal principles of its
+founders of control by its constituents, welcomed the discussion and
+cheerfully accepted the present constitution, which was adopted after
+due deliberation. That <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_346" id="Page_346"></a>[346]</span>constitution designates as voters, life members
+and delegates from the churches, local conferences and state
+associations. The Executive Committee believe that we have now reached a
+satisfactory basis, but if it shall be the will of the constituents to
+make further modifications hereafter, the fundamental principle of the
+Association will dictate a ready acceptance of any change that will not
+set aside the evangelical, missionary, and philanthropic basis on which
+the Association was founded, and that will not impair contracts or
+endanger invested funds. The Association belongs, under Christ, to its
+constituents.</p>
+
+<p>2. The work of the Association embraces all forms of effort in both the
+church and the school. It was organized and chartered as a <i>missionary</i>
+society. This was its fundamental aim. It was not till 1869,
+twenty-three years after its organization, that the word "educational"
+was put into its charter. But this change did not alter the character
+of its work&mdash;<i>the school is missionary, the church an educator</i>&mdash;and
+this church and school work are inseparably blended. The people among
+whom it labors are children in knowledge, and will remain so for a long
+time, for there are millions of blacks, mountain whites, Indians, and
+Chinese in our country who cannot read and write. In Northern
+communities where the children grow up in Christian homes and are
+environed in cultured society, with the best of common schools, the
+church finds the material for its membership, so far forth, prepared to
+its hand, but among these millions of unlettered peoples the church, if
+it is to be pure and intelligent, must be the outgrowth of the Christian
+school; and the branches of the tree might as well be expected to grow
+up without the roots, as such churches without these schools. The work
+among them begins in the primary school, and follows them through all
+departments of industrial, normal, collegiate and theological
+instruction.</p>
+
+<p>In all this long process the teachers are with them at every step&mdash;in
+the shop, the school, the Sunday-school, the prayer meeting, and the
+church, and often the principal of the school is the pastor of the
+church. Thus the church, which grows up within or along side of the
+school, gets the priceless boon of the personal example and influence of
+these Christian teachers, in refining the manners and in making
+character; and as the pupils are converted they enter the church to
+become its stable members and intelligent officers. On the other hand,
+the families in the church, with their kindred and friends, furnish the
+pupils for the school and help to sustain it by their money and prayers,
+both the church and the school being stronger by their mutual support
+and more potent in their influence in the community than if they stood
+apart. And even after the scholars have left the school and have entered
+upon the business of life, the Association is especially fitted to
+gather them into churches. It has occurred in several instances, in
+starting new churches beyond the range of our schools, that we have
+found them to be made up first almost wholly <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_347" id="Page_347"></a>[347]</span>of graduates and students
+from our different institutions, and that these have remained the most
+intelligent and reliable members.</p>
+
+<p>We have found, too, that when a church was thus organized where we have
+no school, we are very soon importuned to start one. In localities with
+a scattered population there might not be sufficient public funds to
+open a colored public school; in many more places they would sustain the
+school for only two months in the year, and in larger towns it sometimes
+has happened that these public schools were of such a character that the
+parents begged for a Christian school as a means of saving the moral
+purity of their children. Thus, in every way, and under all
+circumstances, the school and the church need and help each other. And
+what is true of the colored people is equally true of the whites in the
+mountains and elsewhere, among whom the Association is working so
+auspiciously, planting its schools and churches in mutual helpfulness.</p>
+
+<p>The suggestion that all the church work of the denomination in the
+home-field be given to one society, and all the educational be
+concentrated in one other society, deserves thoughtful consideration,
+for it meets with this very serious objection, that it provides for but
+one collection for work that now receives two or three. The experience
+of our churches is conclusive against the hope that one enlarged
+collection would be given to the one society. For a time, a brief time,
+spasmodic efforts might, as in former cases, result in some special
+contributions, but the new experiment would certainly be more
+disastrous, if it should fail, than those already tried, because it
+would involve far greater interests.</p>
+
+<p>It is not to be supposed for a moment that such consolidation is
+contemplated in order that the churches may escape the large
+responsibility now resting upon them; and if economy and efficiency are
+the only objects sought, we fear the result would be disappointing. Such
+an arrangement would not save in the number of workers in the field, and
+surely it is not wise business management to leave great interests
+inadequately supervised. Even if the consolidated society were divided
+into separate departments or bureaux, the supervision could not be less,
+if efficient, while the combination would be likely to lead to
+complications, and would weaken, in the several departments, the sense
+of individual responsibility and take away the impulse of historic life
+and achievement.</p>
+
+<p>More work well managed and vigorously pushed seems to me to be the only
+plan that will satisfy the Christian conscience or meet the approval of
+the Master.</p>
+
+<p>3. The work of the Association extends to all races of men. This claim
+is sanctioned by the fraternal agreement existing between it and the
+American Home Missionary Society, by its own history, and by the needs
+of the field. The agreement with the sister society says explicitly that
+the Association is "to pursue its educational and church work in the
+South among <i>both races</i>." The history of the Association shows that at
+the beginning <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_348" id="Page_348"></a>[348]</span>the populations reached by it in America were <i>all white</i>
+except the Indians and a few colored refugees in Canada.</p>
+
+<p>Its home missions at the North and West were among white people: and so
+were they even in the South before the war. John G. Fee and his heroic
+associates in Kentucky, and Daniel Worth and others in North Carolina,
+founded churches and schools only among the whites. Berea College was
+for whites only, at the outset. It was not till the era of emancipation
+with its overwhelming flood of freedmen that the Association turned its
+direct and almost exclusive attention to them. It heard the voice of God
+in the tramp of these millions marching out of bondage into freedom, and
+in that voice it heard the call to itself, providentially prepared for
+the new era. It answered the call, without, however, abandoning its
+mission to preach the gospel to the whites also; and now, with its
+schools and churches well established throughout the South, with an open
+door to the whites, and especially to those in the mountain regions, it
+hears the voice of God calling it thither. The ready adaptation of its
+methods to these people, and the success of its efforts among them,
+attest the validity of its call and the wisdom of its response.</p>
+
+<p>4. The work of the Association is not a transient one. A New England
+pastor at the beginning of our work for the freedmen, gave me a hearty
+welcome to present our cause in his pulpit, telling me frankly he did so
+the more cheerfully because he thought our work would soon be over&mdash;say
+in twenty or twenty-five years. Now that good man believed that home
+missions in the West, and in some of the older Eastern States, would be
+needed well nigh on to the millennium, yet he imagined that the blacks,
+just escaped from bondage, utterly poor, ignorant and degraded, would
+(perhaps he hardly stopped to think how) rise in twenty-five years above
+all need of help from any quarter in their upward struggle! But the
+fallacy of such a supposition is realized more since these twenty-five
+years have passed than it was then. It is now clearly seen that these
+ex-slaves will require for three or four generations the most abundant
+help to bring them up to the level of those Western settlers, including
+the Swedes, Germans and Norwegians crowding in thither, who are
+comparatively well-off and intelligent. And then, after that preparation
+of the Negro has been made, the regular work of home missions will only
+be fairly begun among them. The work for this people, therefore, is not
+transient, and the missionary society that has it in hand has before it
+not only a great but long-continued task.</p>
+
+<p>And for that great work the Association has had a manifest call and
+preparation, and has gained an experience and an influence of peculiar
+value in its further prosecution. The Association has wrought itself
+into the schools and churches, into the industries of the colored
+people, the improvement of their homes, the preparation of their sons
+and daughters for home and business life, and for teachers and preachers
+and physicians; <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_349" id="Page_349"></a>[349]</span>it has wrought itself into their better aspirations for
+both this world and that which is to come. It has won upon the
+confidence and respect of the white people by its unselfish and
+Christian work, its kind but firm adherence to principle, and by the
+blessing it has conferred upon both races in aiding the South in the
+only true solution of its great problem.</p>
+
+<p>The Association has become anchored to this great work by the large
+amount of invested funds intrusted to its care. It has received
+thousands of dollars from the Freedmen's Bureau, from the Avery estate,
+from the gifts of Mrs. Stone and others, and added to all these is the
+large sum placed one year ago in its hands by the munificence of Mr.
+Hand. These several sums aggregate more than two millions of dollars&mdash;an
+amount of endowment, we believe, without a parallel among our
+Congregational societies for the home field. While no inconsiderable
+share of these funds is in plant, and therefore increases instead of
+diminishes current expenses, yet the Association is the only legal
+custodian of these funds. They constitute, therefore, a strong evidence
+of the confidence of large donors in its usefulness and stability and in
+the importance of its work, and at the same time they make a strong plea
+for current contributions to sustain that work. God has moved the hearts
+of noble men and women to lay these firm foundations. Will not others
+equally able and far-seeing in their benevolence add to these gifts and
+thus extend these foundations, and will not the churches build thereon
+with diligent and cheerful hands?</p>
+
+<p>These forty-three years under review have been memorable in the history
+of this Nation. They have witnessed the reign of slavery in the height
+of its arrogant domination. They have seen the rising protest of
+conscience and religion against that domination, with the mad resistance
+of slavery, until it culminated in one of the bloodiest wars of modern
+times. They have beheld a united Nation emerge from the conflict, and
+not a slave in all its broad land. They have seen the uplifted hands and
+hearts of the freedmen grasping for knowledge. And, last of all, they
+behold the new power seated on the throne vacated by slavery, dooming
+the colored man to a position of inferiority scarcely less degrading
+than slavery itself.</p>
+
+<p>Along all these lines the sympathies and efforts of the Association have
+run. It pleaded for the slave in his bondage, when to do so cost odium
+and ostracism; it joined with others in the appeal against slavery, with
+the hope that righteousness would avert the calamity of war. When the
+slave came forth free, it went with prompt hands to fit him for his new
+position, and now, as he enters the long and dark struggle against
+poverty, ignorance and race-prejudice, it girds itself for the great
+struggle, armed with what have ever been its only weapons, the light of
+knowledge and the love of the gospel of Christ. The contest may be long,
+the work will be great, but the triumph must be sure. May the church of
+Christ, the patriots of the land, and the abundant blessing of the
+Almighty God strengthen and help us in this great undertaking!</p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" /><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_350" id="Page_350"></a>[350]</span>
+<h2><a name="THE_MISSIONARY_VIEW_OF_THE_SOUTHERN_SITUATION" id="THE_MISSIONARY_VIEW_OF_THE_SOUTHERN_SITUATION"></a>THE MISSIONARY VIEW OF THE SOUTHERN SITUATION.</h2>
+
+<h4>BY SECRETARY A.F. BEARD.</h4>
+
+<p>The Southern problem is a National peril. Problems are not always
+perils. This is a problem large with political and religious perils, and
+whether political or religious it can not be ignored, nor can its
+consideration be postponed. It is here. It is our problem. It is nearer
+to the South, and more immediate, than to the North, but it is ours. We
+are not foreigners in any part of this country. It has been settled once
+for all that we are to be fellow citizens in a common country when we
+come from Boston to Chicago and when we go from New York to New Orleans.
+The problem which belongs to a country to which we belong, is ours. This
+might as well be understood. We have no right to take our hands off from
+that of which we are a part and which is a part of us. No part can say
+to another, it is not your concern.</p>
+
+<p>This is true politically. Thrice true is it religiously&mdash;Christian faith
+is not confined to State boundaries. It belongs everywhere. The problem
+is not a new one. It has its roots bedded deep in history. When years
+ago it began to be discussed by a few they were called agitators, as if
+the discussion of right and wrong were itself a wrong, as if the letting
+in of light upon the darkness were a deed of darkness. Nevertheless, the
+Nation became thoughtful over the question of the rights of man. While
+it was musing the fire burned, and an irrepressible conflict came. In
+the issue it was settled that no man should be held by another man in
+involuntary servitude in this common and inseparable country.</p>
+
+<p>A quarter of a century has elapsed since this settlement of a problem
+which involved the destiny of two races, and of our whole country. The
+question now before the Nation and before the churches is a corollary
+of slavery. It is the second section of the first chapter. The first
+question was: How shall liberty be proclaimed to the captive and the
+enslaved become free? The second is: Being free, how can the two
+races&mdash;as distinct and separate as are the white and black races of
+the South&mdash;now equal before the law, live side by side under the same
+government, and live in Christian truth and peace? This is the
+problem, and, like the first, it is irrepressible.</p>
+
+<p>In one sense it is a new question&mdash;that is, a new generation of white
+people has in part come forward to participate in the duties of
+citizenship, since all men became men in the law of the land. To them
+the question is practically new. The situation as they find it, is this:
+The Negroes, who, twenty years ago, were four millions, are now eight
+millions. The increase of the blacks above the increase of the whites in
+the period of twenty years, is fourteen per cent. In his work on the
+African in the United States, Professor Gilliam, having in hand the
+figures of our Census Bureau, forecasts with the demonstration of
+mathematics our population one century hence. We do not know what may
+modify his figures, but he computes that at the present rate of increase
+there are to be in the old slave States in one hundred <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_351" id="Page_351"></a>[351]</span>years,
+ninety-five millions of whites and double this number of African
+descent. Therefore, whatever may modify, it is probable that before one
+half an hundred years are over, the numbers of the blacks will furnish
+them sufficient guarantee for their legal rights.</p>
+
+<p>There are those in this presence who have seen the population of this
+republic multiply itself nearly three times. Our childhood's geography
+taught us that twenty-three millions of people lived in the United
+States. Now our children learn that there are sixty millions. Twenty
+years ago four millions of Negroes and eight millions to-day. Therefore,
+as large as the problem now is to us, it will be greater for our
+children if we err in our solution of it.</p>
+
+<p>This race of African descent has been declared by constitutional
+enactment to be entitled to whatever privileges belong to man, as man.
+Standing on this, and beginning with nothing but the heredity of
+hindrances, with the brand of color and the prejudice of race against
+them, this people have climbed up from their low estate with a
+remarkable progress. They have applied themselves to take hold of
+knowledge as no other people ever did in the annals of history. They
+have made great inroads upon their previous illiteracy. They have
+rapidly acquired property. They have developed industrial skill, and
+established the evidences of business facility. They have shown
+themselves capable of good citizenship, both in the understanding of its
+duties and the practice of them. They have vindicated the act of
+emancipation and the decrees of citizenship.</p>
+
+<p>Yet to-day their standing both as citizens and as Christians is opposed.
+The question of their rights is discussed as if it were an open one, and
+in the South it is coming to be increasingly denied. Under the plea that
+it is unsafe for the black man to exercise his civil rights, there
+arises a condition of affairs that can have no standing under our
+government except a revolutionary standing. And the question whether the
+rights of man as man shall be regarded, is to-day a more pressing
+question than it has been at any previous time since the slaves were
+declared to be men.</p>
+
+<p>The Southern press, which both creates and voices public opinion,
+reveals an attitude of mind increasingly hostile to the equal civil
+rights of the black man, for the simple reason that he is not white,
+which is calculated to fill the friends of American institutions with
+gravest apprehensions, and which demands the serious attention of us
+all. Almost every week discloses to us the fact that intimidation,
+oppression and violence do override the government of the land, in its
+application to the Negro people. Influential Southern journals have
+pronounced the Fifteenth Amendment a living threat to the civilization
+of the South, and declare that Christian statesmanship demands its
+abrogation.</p>
+
+<p>A thoughtful book published in New York, written in a calm and judicial
+tone by an able lawyer in Virginia, in its chapter upon the future of
+the Negro, says: "The social aspect of the Negro suffrage is certain to
+<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_352" id="Page_352"></a>[352]</span><i>grow more</i> threatening as the blacks increase. The motives which have
+led the great body of whites to vote together in this age, must augment
+in force in the age to follow. To day the rapid increase of the black
+population constitutes a greater danger to the stability of our
+government than any that is sapping the vitality of the European
+monarchies. The partial disfranchisement of the Negro in the future
+would appear to be inevitable, essential, if not to the existence of the
+South, then to the prosperity of the Union." This is a temperate
+expression of much Southern opinion.</p>
+
+<p>Not a few hold the view that the education and advancement of the Negro
+tends to create the race problem, and do not hesitate to say that if the
+Negroes could only be kept as laborers in the cotton and rice and sugar
+fields, in the furnaces and mines of the South, aspiring to nothing
+higher and not antagonizing the whites in political matters, there would
+be no race problem.</p>
+
+<p>Six months ago we could quote from an editorial column written by an
+ex-Confederate officer for an influential Democratic paper in the South
+these words: "The duty of the white people of the South is plain. In the
+spirit of <i>noblesse oblige</i> we must sympathize with those who are
+fitting the colored people for the duties of life, remembering what the
+Negroes were to our forefathers and what our forefathers were to them.
+No one can doubt that a Negro has a soul to save. That admitted, he is
+as much entitled to the benefits of salvation as the white man. But", he
+adds, "what do we see? Nearly all the bodies of Christians even, except
+the Roman Catholics, shuffling to set the Negro apart and leave him
+largely to his own ways, shuffling out of their responsibility according
+to the gospel which they profess as their guide, and putting the Negro
+apart in spite of the word of God, whom they worship, that he is no
+respecter of persons. The Negro was brought over here by theft and
+outrage. He is here to stay, and we must deal with him according to the
+golden rule, and as we would wish to be done by if we were similarly
+placed."</p>
+
+<p>This is not a quotation from the National Council of Congregational
+Churches, where such an utterance would both by nature and by grace find
+expression, but it is from the pen of an officer of the Southern
+Confederacy, who knows the light when he sees it, who keeps open an
+honest eye, and who does not hesitate to speak from an honest mind. This
+sentiment balances somewhat of that which pleads against the black man,
+and not a few friends of this kind has the American Missionary
+Association won to itself throughout the South. It never had so many who
+are saying: "Yours is the most practical missionary work ever undertaken
+by a Christian body." "You have won our confidence by your spirit and
+your methods; you have our cordial sympathy." At the same time we
+recognize the fact that both prejudice and partisanship are now making
+strenuous efforts to create the judgment that the Negro should be
+stripped of his civil rights and that his education is going on too
+rapidly. For example, <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_353" id="Page_353"></a>[353]</span>the <i>Southern Journal</i>, whose Christian sentiments
+of six months ago, just quoted, with another editor to-day, comes to us
+with another deliverance, probably nearer to the heart of most of its
+constituency, saying: "The Negro is not a fit subject for Northern
+missionary effort. Northern money is not wanted to build him schools,
+and Northern teachers and preachers are not wanted to improve his mind
+nor to save his soul. He should be let alone. He is out in the water:
+let him swim. He should be left alone to work out his own salvation."
+The editor who says we must save him is an ex-Confederate officer who
+has always lived in the South. The editor who says he should be left
+alone is a Northern man who has gone South to live. The first writes,
+<i>noblesse oblige</i>. The second does not understand the language. He,
+doubtless, has the largest constituency.</p>
+
+<p>The pulpit also creates and voices public opinion. Our work is coming to
+get many a good word from the Southern pulpit. But a Southern white
+bishop&mdash;Bishop Pearce&mdash;did not write to unwilling ears when he said: "In
+my judgment higher education would be a calamity to the Negroes. It
+would elevate Negro aspirations far above the station which the Negro
+was created to fill. The whites can never tamely, and without protest
+submit to the intrusion of colored people into places of trust, profit,
+and responsibility." This, you will observe, is from a minister of
+Christ. It is from a bishop of a church. It is from one who prays our
+Lord's prayer, given alike to white and black. "After this manner,
+therefore, pray ye." "Our Father." This is from one who believes in the
+baptism at Pentecost, when devout men from every nation under heaven
+received the impartial benedictions of God. This from one who read the
+story of Peter and the sheet. "Alas, my brother."</p>
+
+<p>All this, then, is the atmosphere of the situation. Some prophetic souls
+are looking out upon a most perplexing and perilous problem with
+profound solicitude, and extending to us their sympathy and prayers for
+our work. More, many more, are teaching and preaching that God has
+created the Negro race to fill forever a place of inferiority, and that
+he must stay down in the bog or in some way be destroyed. It is not
+surprising, therefore, that ignorant white people should give form and
+substance to these hostile opinions in scenes of violence and cruelty.
+They believe in the inherent inferiority of the blacks, and have a
+mighty fear lest this doctrine should prove to be untrue. The Negro,
+twenty-five years ago in absolute poverty and illiteracy, has been
+greedy for education, and has seriously thought of nothing but to rise
+from his low condition.</p>
+
+<p>The intelligent white man now, and to his great surprise, is all at once
+confronted by the intelligent black man. They are not so numerous now as
+to be an element to fear, but the whites are foreseeing the not distant
+day when they can not be relegated to inferiority because of their
+color. The calamity that Bishop Pearce deplores and would prevent is not
+far away&mdash;educated Negroes with aspirations, in other words, men.</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_354" id="Page_354"></a>[354]</span>The general Negro illiteracy is gaining fast upon the white ignorance,
+and the despised Negro is found to be living above many of his
+illiterate white neighbors. This makes it easy work for designing men to
+sharpen race prejudices, which by force and fear shall keep the Negro
+down.</p>
+
+<p>On the Negro side, he has been patient and forbearing. With these
+outbreaks of persecution some are discouraged, and are ready to
+surrender their manhood. On the other hand, some are no longer patient,
+but are enraged. They would retaliate. They feel that defense against
+wrongs is right. An influential Negro paper says, "EDUCATE, AGITATE,
+RETALIATE. Does one strike me? With the power of God on high, back also
+will I strike him." This feeling grows. Add to it the fact that the
+Negro is developing the power of organization. There are leaders. They
+are in their councils and conventions. They are feeling deeply, speaking
+plainly, and organizing efficiently.</p>
+
+<p>This is the situation! "How shall this problem be solved? How shall we
+prevent the conflict between races?" A Southern author says: "These
+problems have been solved in the past in four ways. By reducing the
+weaker race to slavery, or by expulsion, or by extermination, or by the
+amalgamation of the races. Slavery is out of the question&mdash;that is
+settled. Equally repugnant is expulsion or extermination. Amalgamation
+is abhorrent." Therefore, the problem will not be solved by any
+historical precedents. The two races must live here in the same
+sections, equal before the law, with mutual rights, and all rights must
+be sanctioned and confirmed.</p>
+
+<p>The American Missionary Association is living with this problem day by
+day. It is trying to see it with the look of Christ. This Association
+foresaw this question forty years ago. It took on itself the preparation
+for it. It guided itself to meet the problem in the fields before the
+armies in the South were disbanded. It went with its distinctive and
+unpopular principles. It went in the patience and love of Christ. For
+the most part it met a natural and unconcealed hostility. It did not
+retaliate even in spirit, but it stood firm in spirit and in truth. It
+has lived on in the South, and taught the same ever-living and
+everlasting gospel for all men, of whatever race or color. Its record is
+before the churches. They have never had reason to feel other than
+grateful to God for its work. Beginning with a great number of little
+primary schools, and with thousands of beginners in the alphabet of
+learning, it has gradually passed into larger and more far-reaching
+influences by teaching teachers and preachers, who shall go, and who do
+go out and reach multiplied thousands.</p>
+
+<p>In order that applied Christianity may have the power of self-help and
+self-care, industries are introduced. In that the people are being
+fitted to save themselves. All of our work from first to last is
+missionary, and instinct with the motive of salvation; our schools are
+means to an end; fitting preachers, teachers, mechanics, home makers to
+meet the problem and the peril. It is not by education that the question
+is to be solved. The missionary view <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_355" id="Page_355"></a>[355]</span>is not simply the educational view.
+This society is not an educational society. Education is not the panacea
+for the ills of man. Ignorance is a great evil, but it is not the worst
+one; sinfulness is worse and more difficult to cure. The one who is
+educated may make trouble and not heal it; secular education can not
+meet the problem; State education can not protect against the peril, but
+sanctified education can, for it has in it the power of God. This
+society is a missionary society which, like the American Board, teaches
+in order to save. You can scarcely save ignorance. This means Christian
+schools not only full of ethics, but vital with faith. It means also the
+twin life of school work and church work. To put these factors apart
+would be a great disaster to each; nay, it would put away from the only
+society that can effectively, and we believe effectually, meet this
+problem, the chief factor in the solution of the impending and serious
+question. Education alone is not equal to this question, and those who
+have won the ear and the sympathy of those who need to come under the
+power of the gospel, who have been their friends and teachers, who have
+their confidence and trust, are the ones to take this gospel to them and
+show them how to take it to others. The schools reach parents, the
+schools reach pastors, the schools reach the people, the schools are
+intertwined with all the church life that has any hope in it. This is
+the missionary view. When this people in the wilderness cried out in
+their distresses, "Who will speak for us?" the Association spoke for
+them. When they needed sympathy, sympathy it gave. When they needed
+instruction, it went to them in the name of Christ. In his name it stood
+for the Negro. In his name it stood by the Negro. In his name it stood
+with him. It stands there to-day. It is his friend and counselor. When
+the Negro is cast down, the churches will hear one voice and they will
+wish their own society to be found faithful in this.</p>
+
+<p>With this charter as a missionary society for schools and churches, we
+present to the Negro race continually the personal hope of souls not
+only, but the hope of the race. When they think that the progress is
+slow we tell them that Christianity is sure. When they tell us that they
+can not wait, but must organize and retaliate, we tell them to wait upon
+God. "Vengeance is mine, saith the Lord." We ask them to remember that a
+quarter of a century, or a century, is a short time in the history of a
+people. We point to a million&mdash;a round million&mdash;of Negro children in the
+schools to-day. We are teaching them to be men. We are saving them to be
+Christians. We teach them not to remain down and not to be put down.
+Being men, they are to stand like men, but like Christian men, to
+conquer prejudices by worthiness, to meet race hatred with only a
+stronger purpose to command respect, not to render evil for evil, but
+contrariwise, blessing; not blow for blow, but to go on upbuilding
+themselves, deserving their rights, and remembering that a great element
+in the solution of this problem must be an intelligent faith in God.
+With this missionary view we stand firm. We have learned that the
+Southerners of our own race, <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_356" id="Page_356"></a>[356]</span>even when they hold their prejudices
+against our principles, respect those who stand in a Christian way for
+their principles; and that these principles will never be accepted in
+the South by our holding them loosely, or in suspense, or in any sort of
+abeyance. They respect us when we teach our people that they have all
+the rights of manhood and womanhood; that they are to respect themselves
+and to be worthy of self-respect; that they are not to consent in their
+own minds to any assertion of superiority based upon the tint of the
+skin, and that they are never to feel guilty for being black. We are
+teaching the colored people to hold honor with themselves.</p>
+
+<p>What this Association and other missionary forces have done and are
+doing&mdash;this Association more than others&mdash;will be the balance of power
+to prevent the dreaded conflict of races; <i>the balance of power</i> to
+settle the question; How can the two races live in the same section with
+mutual respect for each other's civil and Christian rights? This may
+take time. Christianity takes time. It is ours to take Christianity to
+teach that the beginning of Christianity was the death blow to wrong
+principles and evil practices of men, however well intrenched and
+fortified these forces may be.</p>
+
+<p>It is this which gives us courage to grapple with centuries of wrong and
+to undertake the slow reduction of these evils. When Christianity came,
+the era of conscience came, and in His gospel is the power of
+intelligence and moral determination that shall not be overcome of evil,
+but shall overcome evil with good.</p>
+
+<div class="poem"><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i1">"Men bound with right are strong:<br /></span>
+<span class="i1">Right bound with right in Christian faith<br /></span>
+<span class="i1">Will conquer a world of wrong."<br /></span>
+</div></div>
+
+<p>The missionary schools and the missionary churches are, we believe, the
+only safeguard against the conflict of races. They are the guardian
+against this national peril. This being so, the churches must speed them
+more and more. They must not hinder them nor tie their hands. The
+guarantees of this peaceful solution are in the hands of the churches.
+Multiply and hasten the Christian energies. Multiply the Christian
+prayers that we may be workers together with Him of whom it is written,
+"He shall not fail or be discouraged."</p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="REPORTS_OF_COMMITTEES" id="REPORTS_OF_COMMITTEES"></a>REPORTS OF COMMITTEES.</h2>
+
+
+<hr style='width: 45%;' />
+
+<h3>REPORT ON EDUCATIONAL WORK SOUTH.</h3>
+
+<h4>BY REV. WM. BURNET WRIGHT, D.D., CHAIRMAN.</h4>
+
+<p>It is an ominous fact that in the South illiteracy is steadily
+increasing. It is an encouraging fact that in the region surrounding our
+chartered and normal schools illiteracy is steadily diminishing. The
+colored people are multiplying more rapidly than the means of educating
+them. If the supply of school accommodations to-day exactly equalled the
+demand, so that every colored child of suitable age was provided for in
+some school, there would be at the time of our next annual meeting
+255,500 children asking to be taught their letters to whom we should
+have to say, We cannot teach you. But the supply does not yet nearly
+equal the demand.</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_357" id="Page_357"></a>[357]</span>In respect to education, the South is a dark sky rapidly growing darker,
+but flecked with patches of lighter shade, which are gradually growing
+brighter and larger. Such a bright space frames each of our chartered
+and normal schools. Fisk University, Talladega College, Tougaloo
+University, Straight University, in New Orleans, and Tillotson
+Institute, at Austin, Texas, are doing work which vindicates each year
+more distinctly the strategic sagacity which located them. In these
+institutions alone nearly two thousand students of both sexes are being
+trained to be light-bearers to their race. Besides these, each of which
+is essentially a normal school, and includes a normal department,
+eighteen distinctively normal schools are sustained at different points
+of strategic importance. Two new schools have been established during
+the year. Good work has also been done among the mountain whites. The
+income from the gift of Mr. Daniel Hand has enabled the Association to
+enlarge its school accommodations, and to assist more than three hundred
+students, who, without it, would have been unable to attend schools of
+any kind.</p>
+
+<p>The committee would emphasize among special needs of the work, funds for
+a girls' hall at Tillotson Institute, and for the endowment of a
+theological school for training colored pastors. Two facts are
+pre-eminently gratifying. The first is that in nearly all the schools of
+the Association some kind of industrial training is provided, and that
+the influence of such training is conspicuously shown in improved ideas
+of home life and comfort among those connected by family or other ties
+with our students. The second fact is, that in all our schools the
+students are taught that the fear of the Lord is the beginning of
+wisdom, and that consequently the separation between religion and
+morality, which is the supreme danger of the Southern black churches, is
+perceptibly diminishing.</p>
+
+<hr style='width: 45%;' />
+
+<h3>REPORT ON CHURCH WORK.</h3>
+
+<h4>BY PROFESSOR GRAHAM TAYLOR, CHAIRMAN.</h4>
+
+<p>The mission of the American Missionary Association is shown to be a
+<i>specialty</i> and a <i>unit</i> by its church work. It is the work of a
+specialist among Christian organizations that alone could have produced
+these churches. To meet the demands of an exigency which could not be
+met by the pre-existent ordinary agencies, this child of Providence was
+born of God and the times. For the accomplishment of ends for which no
+means had been found, its methods were providentially chosen by a
+process of spiritual selection. Its agencies are the accretions of the
+Divine purpose in its progress toward the salvation of the undermost,
+and the edifying of the whole body of Christ. To the production of its
+unique Christian institutions the exclusive devotion to the study of the
+peculiar conditions of these entirely distinct communities was
+necessary. There have been generated by this devotion and acquired
+through the experience of nearly half a century a knowledge and skill
+which claim for this Association the recognition of the world as its
+foremost expert in the successful application of Christianity to the
+solution of the most difficult race problems of modern civilization.</p>
+
+<p>And yet in the accomplishment of this great achievement, loyalty to the
+common faith and to our own polity, as well as to the teachings of
+experience, demanded only the new application of the old prime factors
+of God's own choice, the <i>local church</i> with its evangelism and
+Christian nurture.</p>
+
+<p>In the work of this Association these two great agencies are uniquely
+one. The pastor is often teacher and evangelist. The sanctuary is
+school-house and mission station. At twenty-three points on the field
+God has made of these twain&mdash;the church and the school&mdash;one. The church
+is the unit of this unity. For while the church is generally the
+offspring of the school, the school finds both its profoundest reasons
+for existence and its highest consummation in the needs and ends of the
+church. In it the work both of the teacher and evangelist co-ordinates
+and culminates.</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_358" id="Page_358"></a>[358]</span>It will not be so very long before these schools and colleges will find
+their chief sources of supply in these churches, which although now so
+dependent, must ultimately be depended upon to maintain and develop
+their own institutions. Even now it is to be remembered that the appeal
+of this evangelizing church work meets with the wider and more popular
+response from the giving constituency of the Association, while the
+educational institutions are more dependent upon the larger gifts of
+interested individuals.</p>
+
+<p>Moreover, it is the church which opens the springs of the family life
+from which the schools must draw their scholars. And it is the church
+which creates the environment necessary to the Christian homes, to which
+the graduates are sent back again to live their lives, and from which,
+as the heart's fulcrum, their saved lives can best lift up the lost.</p>
+
+<p>These little church groups of evangelized and educated families are at
+once the prime sources and the constituent elements of the new Christian
+civilization which already heralds the coming of the kingdom to those
+neglected, outcast peoples, to secure whose human rights, Christian
+privileges and church fellowship is the first, loudest, longest call
+upon the Congregational Churches of America.</p>
+
+<p>Therefore, in the name of this Association, whose heroic type of
+missionary and teaching service makes our whole membership and ministry
+the more attractive and ennobling; in the name of its schools which
+became churches, and its churches which are schools; in the name of
+their 8,400 professing Christians, and their 15,000 Sunday-school
+scholars, and the 1,000 converts of the year; in the name of the races
+of three continents to whom the Father is sending these our brethren as
+we are sent to them, we pledge the fidelity of the American Missionary
+Association to the two-fold agency of its one work, the discipling of
+these races by the evangelizing church, and the Christian nurture of its
+schools. And we re-echo the call which the National Council makes upon
+our churches for the $500,000 required by the exigencies and
+opportunities of this year's work for the neediest and most helpless of
+all our fellow-countrymen.</p>
+
+<hr style='width: 45%;' />
+
+<h3>REPORT ON MOUNTAIN WORK.</h3>
+
+<h4>BY REV. D.M. FISK, D.D., CHAIRMAN.</h4>
+
+<p>The formal report of your committee can without injustice be brief; not
+because the field considered is narrow, or the work unimportant as a
+missionary movement, but from the fact that a certain unity pervades
+both, making it possible to comprehend in one view even the diversities
+of a population of over two millions, and an area of above one hundred
+thousand square miles.</p>
+
+<p>The official summary of the year's work, on which we report, once again
+sets before this Association the situation and its involved problem; a
+situation full of contradictions, a problem at once serious but not
+hopeless.</p>
+
+<p>Here is the amazing spectacle of a self-isolated people, begirt with the
+active life and thought of our eager times, yet sharing neither. Here is
+an empire that is content to live in the past: having rich resources it
+neglects to develop them; a productive soil but niggard crops. Amidst a
+veritable Lebanon of forestry it has shanties for homes; with coal
+deposits that are the envy of the world, its shivering women in
+stoveless hovels attempt to defend themselves about their domestic toil
+with coarse homespun shawls and slat-bonnets. In an age that has
+harnessed mechanism, beast, and steam to the plow, scythe, sickle and
+flail, these owners of mountains of iron and mines of power still
+indolently vex a grudging soil with tools of such barbaric simplicity
+that their intrusion is scarcely more than a provocation to weeds.</p>
+
+<p>Here is needless poverty in the lap of potential wealth, thriftlessness
+in the face of every seeming stimulus to diligence. Here is a
+diversified landscape that should <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_359" id="Page_359"></a>[359]</span>inspire and a climate that should
+invigorate, but in place of vivacity and health we find apathetic
+endurance and intrenched disease. Scrofula and its parasite kin are
+domesticated in the debilitated blood, and pills, calomel, and death
+jointly contend for the prolific cradle, and even when temporarily
+defeated succeed in transforming childhood into unlovely age, without
+the long interval of intermediate active, zestful manhood.</p>
+
+<p>And yet, pitiful as is this exhibit of deficiency, these Highland
+dwellers are none the less men and our brethren. Slavery robbed them of
+their lands half a century ago, and roughly shouldered them off into the
+mountain wilderness dowered with the pauperizing maxims of oppression,
+notably the indignity of toil, and their shrewd native mother-wit has
+been left to rust to dullard loss in the absence of schools worthy the
+name; worse still, their natural devoutness has been warped by unworthy
+shepherds, till superstition, bigotry, and gross immorality have taken
+fierce possession of many a society, hearthstone and heart. If to-day
+the schools are inefficient and some of the preaching blasphemous; if
+self-satisfied idleness has turned over this mountain realm to want and
+the slavery of low living, and (as ever) made woman at once the servant
+and the victim of its barbarism, it is but another historic count in the
+awful indictment of human selfishness. And all these crying deficiencies
+are but make-weights with our conviction of responsibility to this
+mountain flock of God, that often has been misled and unworthily
+sacrificed.</p>
+
+<p>The only problematical element in this matter is the measure of our
+faith in God and man and all-prevailing truth. Wherever the ground has
+been broken by faithful men there is a crop to show as returns for
+invested toil. More than a thousand children are now under Christian
+instruction in our schools. Our pupils are in hungry demand as teachers,
+even to a minimum of years that to us would seem absurd (15 and 16
+years). Over twenty churches are holding up a reasonable religion, as a
+life rather than merely a profession. New fields plead for mission work.
+Our already planted churches and schools are stimulating other
+denominations to redoubled diligence in church planting. Courage is in
+the tone and look of our frontier workers. The officers of this
+Association feel in an aggressive mood. The question resolves itself
+into one of faith and contributions. What, my brethren, shall be our
+answer?</p>
+
+<hr style='width: 45%;' />
+
+<h3>REPORT ON INDIAN WORK.</h3>
+
+<h4>BY REV. ADDISON F. FOSTER, D.D., CHAIRMAN.</h4>
+
+<p>The committee on the work of the American Missionary Association among
+the Indians respectfully report that they gratefully recognize the good
+hand of God in the work already done.</p>
+
+<p>Since the American Missionary Association took the work, the
+expenditures have increased from $11,000 to $52,000, the out-stations
+for direct evangelistic effort from seven to twenty-one, and the
+churches from two to six. This last year, the Association has
+established three new out-stations: the Moody station among the Mandans,
+fifty miles north of Fort Berthold; the Moody Station No. 2 among the
+Gros Ventres, twenty-five miles north of Fort Berthold; the Sankey
+Station among the Dakotas at Cherry Creek. It has just put up a mission
+house, with a room for church worship, at Rosebud Agency. It has
+organized anew church at Bazille Creek, some distance out from Santee; a
+branch church at Cherry Creek, on the Sioux Reservation, and is just
+forming a church at Standing Rock, for which a building is now
+completed.</p>
+
+<p>This record is certainly gratifying and shows that the Association
+appreciates the emergency, and is striving to meet it, so far as the
+means put in its hands allow. But your committee feel also that never
+before was there so great an opportunity as now brought before the
+Christians of this land, and especially our own denomination, for work
+among the Indians.</p>
+
+<p>The relations of the Government and of the churches in Indian work are
+now unusually <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_360" id="Page_360"></a>[360]</span>harmonious and kindly. The present Administration is
+thoroughly in sympathy with missionary operations, and will do nothing
+to impair their efficiency. We believe it to be sincerely actuated by a
+desire to promote the best welfare of the Indians, and ready to
+co-operate with all good people in efforts in this direction. It aims to
+educate every Indian child. We desire to see this done, and believe that
+when the Government assumes, as it should, the primary education of all
+Indians of school age, we shall be called on to turn our efforts to a
+much larger work for direct evangelization.</p>
+
+<p>Our opportunity is enlarging further by the breaking down of the old
+pagan prejudices of the Indians. The testimony of all the workers on the
+field is to this effect. The Indians are desirous of living as white
+men. They are rapidly losing their distinctive Indian ideas and are
+imbibing the notions of their white neighbors. This is seen in their
+burials, which now are not uniformly, as of old, on scaffolds, but are
+more and more interments. It is shown in their feeling and behavior when
+death comes into their households. They no longer fill their houses with
+hideous outcries, but instead seek the missionaries to inquire about the
+life in the other world.</p>
+
+<p>A further opportunity is to be noted in the fact that the Dakota Indians
+have specially fallen into our care. Our chief missions are located
+among them, at Santee, Rosebud, Oahe, Standing Rock, and outlying
+stations. But the Dakota Indians number 40,000 in all, or about
+one-sixth of all the Indians in the country. We have mastered the Dakota
+language; and a Bible, hymn-book, dictionary and other books are printed
+in that tongue. We have, then, special ability to carry on mission work
+among them, and are bound to utilize it to the full. The time is ripe
+for immediate action. It must be taken without delay if taken at all.
+The opening up to white settlement of a large strip of land though the
+center of the great Sioux reservations is to bring the Indian into
+contact with the influence of white men as never before. It is
+impossible that that influence shall be altogether good. The contact of
+the Indian with the frontiersmen of our own people has resulted most
+deplorably in the past, and we cannot hope for much better results now.
+Rum and licentiousness are sure to work untold harm to the Indian unless
+they are met by the gospel. This opening up of Indian territory to white
+settlement lays, therefore, a most imperative and immediate obligation
+on Christian people to protect the Indian from ruin by giving them the
+gospel.</p>
+
+<p>We are satisfied that nothing but the gospel will suffice. Education
+alone can not save, and may simply give new strength to evil habits and
+influences. It must be a Christian education; schools should be simply
+preliminary and altogether subsidiary to the most energetic and wise
+presentation of the gospel. The uniform policy of the American
+Missionary Association in all departments of its work has been in this
+direction, and we gladly recognize the fact that its Indian work has
+steadily progressed with the idea of evangelizing the Indian.</p>
+
+<p>We know very well that the Association is laboring for 8,000,000 Negroes
+and for 2,000,000 Mountain White people and for 125,000 Chinese, as well
+as 262,000 Indians. We know that the proportion of the Indians is
+comparatively small. At the same time we urge that this disproportion is
+to a large degree counterbalanced by the special opportunities we have
+considered. The Indian problem is before us for immediate settlement. It
+admits of no delay. Care for these few Indians now, Christianize them
+now, as we may, and the Indian becomes as the white man, and our
+missionary efforts will then be released for other fields.</p>
+
+<p>In this special emergency we feel strongly the necessity laid on the
+Association for an enlargement of its administrative force. Since the
+death of our lamented brother, Secretary Powell, the force at the New
+York office of the Association has been short-handed. We hope that the
+earnest efforts which are being made by the Executive Committee to find
+a suitable person to become another Secretary of the Association may be
+at once successful. An emergency is upon us, and we say this with the
+conviction <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_361" id="Page_361"></a>[361]</span>that the demands of the Indian work are now so imperative as
+to require a large portion of the time and thought of such a Secretary.
+It is a necessity that such a Secretary should frequently visit the
+field and be in constant communication with the workers.</p>
+
+<hr style='width: 45%;' />
+
+<h3>REPORT ON CHINESE WORK.</h3>
+
+<h4>BY REV. E.A. STIMSON, D.D., CHAIRMAN.</h4>
+
+<p>This is the smallest and least conspicuous department of the work of the
+American Missionary Association, but the one that stands in the closest
+relation to ourselves, and the one also that can show the largest
+returns. The Chinese in America are few in number, but they are
+scattered everywhere, as if God intended in them to put the spirit of
+our churches to a crucial test, and, where that test is endured, to give
+to his servants a prompt reward and an unanswerable confirmation of his
+promises and of their faith.</p>
+
+<p>These strange little men from "the land of Sinim," mysterious, silent,
+capable, incredibly industrious, money-making, with their pig-tails and
+their felt shoes, their "pidgin English" and their unintelligible
+"turkey tracks," their wooden countenance and their "bias eyes," their
+opium, and their "ways that are dark," who, in spite of restrictive laws
+and brutal personal treatment, are filtering in everywhere, until they
+may be seen crouched in the corner of any street car, and are a familiar
+object in the village street&mdash;why are they here? here just now and here
+so persistently? It is no mighty immigration of men, such as De
+Tocqueville liked to dwell upon. It is no conquering host, no familiar
+immigration. Whatever may once have been the attractive force of the
+California gold fields, washing soiled linen can hardly be regarded as
+satisfying a national instinct, or thumping through the long hours of
+the night upon an ironing table a soul-filling amusement. Much may be
+said of "the golden fleece," but these are no modern Argonauts. They are
+money-making as our friends the Jews, but no "high emprise" or "grand
+endeavor" fires their calm pulse, and much as has been written of the
+coolie system and the "Six Companies," nothing has been adduced which
+seems adequate to explain the movement.</p>
+
+<p>The fact is, God is in it. He is crowding these heathen upon our
+churches in these missionary days of an opening world, first of all to
+prove our Christianity. Do we believe that all men are brothers? Do we
+believe that the Holy Ghost who renewed our hearts can renew these? Do
+we believe that the Lord who died for us, died for the world? Do we
+believe&mdash;not that the world&mdash;but that this particular heathen as he
+stands before us in his blue blouse, or sits at our side with his
+reading-book, is as dear to our heavenly Father as you and I are? Do we
+believe that we are to go to him with the gospel to find a way for the
+truth into his heart, to bear his burdens, to win him by love, and that
+without him we ourselves can not be made perfect? Do we believe, in
+short, that God has brought him here to our door that we might learn
+that if we have not a religion that will save, and will make us eager to
+have it save a Chinaman, we have not a religion that will save
+ourselves?</p>
+
+<p>Seven hundred and fifty of these men already members of the churches
+connected with our mission on the Pacific Coast! and who will say how
+many more on the rolls of our churches from St. Louis to Boston! What
+are these Chinese converts, the fruitage of our Sunday-schools and
+prayer-meetings, our personal labor, but God's blessed seal set upon our
+Christian faith! Here is the evidence. Ours is the conquering faith of
+the world. It will save every man, for it has saved these men, no less
+than you and me.</p>
+
+<p>But this is not all. China's day has come. We hear from beyond the sea
+of the new railway, the awful floods, the burning of the "Altar of
+Heaven," and the strange stirrings of the mind of that mighty people,
+the oldest, and judged by its persistent life, <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_362" id="Page_362"></a>[362]</span>the strongest now on the
+globe. Merchants tell us of its limitless trade: diplomatists speak of
+its astuteness and of its new navy, second only to that of England;
+scholars wonder at a nation of heathen with whom learning determines
+rank, and where the "boss" and the fixer of elections are unknown.
+Missionaries write of the throngs that gather in strange cities to hear
+them preach, of the new gentleness and courtesy everywhere shown them,
+and of the increasing number of young people pressing into the mission
+schools.</p>
+
+<p>In the midst of all this, when the Lord's voice is heard calling us to
+lift up our eyes and look on the fields now white for the harvest, comes
+word from our solitary watchman upon the watch-tower in Hong-Kong that
+when he returned to his post, as he did last year, perplexed and
+down-hearted, because not one Christian in all America heeded his call
+and went with him to his field, to his surprise and joy the Lord has
+been preparing his own servants in the person of Chinese emigrants
+coming home from America, bringing with them not money only and
+knowledge of the wide world, but the new-found faith; graduates of
+laundries, but also of our Sunday-schools, members of our churches,
+filled with an eager spirit to tell their parents, their brethren, their
+neighbors, of Jesus Christ. Ah, dear friends, God's ways are not as our
+ways. Let us not be slow to catch his thought and walk where he leads.</p>
+
+<p>Here, then, is the call to us. Begin with the Chinaman at your door.
+Recognize that the Lord Jesus stands before you in him. You prove your
+own faith; you "do it unto" your Lord; you forward the plan of God when
+you take him by the hand and gently entreat him for Christ.</p>
+
+<p>For the same reason you will give your money to support the work of this
+Association. No work has been more devoted, more upheld by prayer, more
+Christlike, or, we may add, more deservedly successful than that under
+the lead of our representative, Dr. Pond, on the Pacific Coast. He has
+already surrounded himself with a band of trained Christian converts,
+who would be a joy in any field, and who are making themselves felt for
+good far and wide. Their influence reaches to Chicago, St. Louis, and
+even Boston and New York. It is ours to see that the Christian city they
+find here is not less Christlike than that which met them when they
+landed on our shores, and that the hoodlum of our Eastern cities no more
+represents the spirit of our churches than does he of San Francisco and
+of Oakland. Let us be careful to show that our hand will be as promptly
+raised to protect the helpless Chinaman from insult on the street as it
+will be to lead his soul to Christ. Let us insist upon it, as Americans
+and as Christians, that no distinction of race or of color shall stand
+between any man and his rights, either in the State or in the Church.
+Then may we hope that all&mdash;white and black, Chinaman and American&mdash;will
+care less for rights and more for duties, and, in the joy of a true
+brotherhood, will labor together to bring in the day of the Lord. In any
+case, let us, with all our multiform machinery, our conventions, our
+societies, our churches, be not so busy "saving souls" that we have not
+care to save men and women.</p>
+
+<hr style='width: 45%;' />
+
+<h3>REPORT OF THE FINANCE COMMITTEE.</h3>
+
+<h4>BY F.J. LAMB, ESQ., CHAIRMAN.</h4>
+
+<p>Your committee beg leave to report that they have had under
+consideration the matters committed to them. They have been attended by
+your Treasurer, and they have examined his reports submitted,
+particularly the detailed statement of receipts and expenditures for the
+year closed; also statement of trust funds of the Association; also
+statement of resources and liabilities, and of the income of the Daniel
+Hand Educational Fund for the same period. These statements come to us
+duly vouched for by the standing committee of auditors elected by the
+Association. A summarized statement of receipts and expenditures has
+been printed and distributed at this meeting, which <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_363" id="Page_363"></a>[363]</span>accords with the
+detailed report. Other reports show that the invested funds of the
+Association, aside from the Daniel Hand Fund, are $230,875.78, being
+$500 more than in the previous year. From the statement of resources and
+liabilities, we find that the various colleges, schools, stations,
+buildings, and property constituting what may be termed the plant of the
+Association, amount, at their estimated value, to $745,849. This is a
+large sum, but the investment yields no pecuniary return to the
+Association. It represents the fixed property with which the Association
+carries on its work, and the figures may serve in some measure to
+apprise us of the magnitude of the work being carried on by the
+Association.</p>
+
+<p>The Daniel Hand Fund is a separate and distinct trust, and its income
+cannot be used for the general work of the Association, and may demand
+some further notice before this report is closed. The general condition
+of the fund is found on the printed abstract already mentioned.</p>
+
+<p>We find the system of keeping the accounts clear, convenient, and well
+adapted to exhibit from month to month the exact pecuniary condition of
+the Association, and the restrictions upon drawing money from the
+treasury well calculated to insure safety in that respect, and we find
+the management of the Treasurer's accounts and office in all details
+satisfactory and deserving our commendation. Comparing the gifts and
+work of the Association for the last year just closed with the previous
+year, and the recommendations of the Finance Committee a year ago, we
+find that the year 1888 closed with a deficit of over $5,000, that the
+amount of receipts for that year had been $320,953.42; that the Finance
+Committee then recommended that the friends of the Association should
+raise for the year $375,000 for its current expenditures. It is a source
+of great gratification to find that this recommendation has been nobly
+met, and $376,216.88 have been received during the year just closed, an
+increase of over $55,000; that the deficit of the former year has been
+supplied, and that the Association commences the current year with a
+fund in the treasury of $4,471.67. This we deem substantial indorsement
+of the Association and its work, by the churches, Sunday-schools,
+missionary societies and its individual friends. This report might stop
+here with congratulations for the prosperous year just closed, but the
+duties so well done, and work so well performed, must simply furnish the
+Association a standing place and vantage ground for a greater work on
+its part, and grounds for greater sacrifices and gifts by its friends
+for the year to come.</p>
+
+<p>The National Council, representing the Congregational churches of the
+whole nation, lately in session at Worcester, by a unanimous vote
+recommended that the churches and friends of the work of this
+Association raise for it for current expenditures for the year now
+commenced the sum of $500,000. Is this magnificent sum too much to ask
+for the year now auspiciously begun? Happily for your committee, we are
+saved the necessity of elaborate or studied examination of the needs of
+the work that has been done by the papers read and to be printed and
+addresses delivered from the platform during the meetings up to this
+time. You are thus informed more fully than we could hope to inform you
+what these needs are and their urgency. But we may say that of the
+8,000,000 Negroes in the South it is estimated only 2,000,000 can read
+and write. Add to these the millions of poor whites in the mountains and
+the red men of the West and the Chinese in our land, and we are fully
+justified in asserting that the work of this Association equals in
+magnitude any work of the church, and involves issues of Christianity,
+and patriotism touched by no other work of our age. It is estimated by
+the officers of the Association that through its schools and colleges
+and the teachers furnished by them, who are instructing the children in
+the South more or less every year, perhaps 175,000 are being reached and
+instructed. Assuming that as many are reached by other missionary and
+benevolent societies, we see the tremendous need that can not be
+ignored. This burden is laid peculiarly and urgently on this <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_364" id="Page_364"></a>[364]</span>society and
+its contributing friends. Can we meet this duty with less than $500,000
+for the current year? Your committee say, No. Perhaps you will be ready
+to acquiesce. But let us see what this means. It means that every living
+donor who contributed last year must increase his contribution 50 per
+cent., or the number of donors must be largely increased. A large amount
+was received last year from estates and legacies, namely, $114,020.41.
+This resource is a variable quantity. The Association can not <i>depend</i>
+on any increase from this source. Its confidence must be in the living,
+who can give if they will.</p>
+
+<p>Your Committee deem it proper to call more particular attention to the
+magnificent gift of Daniel Hand to the Association. It is quite likely
+that some may suppose, and some may have measured their gifts last year
+in the belief, that the income of this fund was applicable to pay
+current expenses of the Association. But this is not so. The Daniel Hand
+Fund is appropriated to special work, which, although connected
+generally with the work of the Association, is yet not a part of that
+ordinary work for which this fund we recommend to be raised is to be
+expended. Hence all friends of the Association must make and measure
+their gifts to it understanding that the sum we propose must be raised
+without any aid from the income from that million dollars constituting
+one of the grandest gifts of our time. Shall this $500,000 for the
+current work of the Association for 1889 be furnished to it? This is
+God's work. The churches here represented and the friends of the
+Association have the money. It can not be put to any nobler Christian
+use; the needs demand it, and we recommend that $500,000 be raised for
+the Association for its current work for the year now begun.</p>
+
+<hr style='width: 45%;' />
+
+<h3>REPORT ON SECRETARY STRIEBY'S PAPER.</h3>
+
+<h4>BY REV. G.B. WILLCOX, D.D., CHAIRMAN.</h4>
+
+<p>The paper by Dr. Strieby impresses your committee as an admirably
+comprehensive and discriminating statement of the policy and work of the
+Association. As to the reconstruction of our educational and missionary
+societies, to the suggestion of which much of the paper calls attention,
+and from which he dissents, we should do well to make haste slowly. Some
+time in the future it may become practicable. But we discover no finger
+of Providence pointing toward it at present.</p>
+
+<p>If the thought were to reduce our societies to which these interests are
+intrusted to two, calling for but two annual collections where we now
+have three or four, it needs no prophet to foresee the effect of that on
+the amounts collected. If the suggestion is of the reconstruction, not
+of the societies, but only of the work&mdash;if it proposes that our
+educational and missionary enterprises be so divided that no one society
+shall to any extent conduct both&mdash;it has certainly an attractive look.</p>
+
+<p>But is it more than a look? The educational institutions of several of
+our societies were born out of the inmost life of those organizations
+and lie on their bosom for nourishment to-day. To ask the American
+Board, for example, to turn over its colleges and schools to some other
+society, for that, of course, is involved in the plan suggested&mdash;would
+be like asking one of our Christian mothers to send her babe to the
+foundlings' home. Some of us are old enough to remember that the
+venerable and now sainted Dr. Anderson was at first vehemently opposed
+to the schools planted by the missionaries in India. It was confounding
+things that differ. The work of a missionary society was not to manage
+schools. The schools were discontinued. But the Board soon discovered
+that it was doing its work with but one hand. The schools came back and
+came to stay. Now we conservatives are rather jealous of our progressive
+brethren calling for a reconstruction of the American Board. We know not
+whereto this thing may grow.</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_365" id="Page_365"></a>[365]</span>If the colleges and schools of the American Missionary Association were
+secular, if they had no vital oneness of life with its churches, there
+might be room for the plan suggested. But they are as thoroughly
+Christian in their aim as the churches. The churches are as
+indispensably educational as the schools. As Dr. Strieby remarks, the
+teacher is often the pastor. The pastor finds a great part of his flock
+in the school. The teachers teach in his Sunday-school. The
+prayer-meeting depends on them for its success. The unseen shuttles of
+mutual sympathy, flying back and forth incessantly, are weaving the two
+together, and working out the one pattern of the Divine life in souls,
+that covers both. The plan proposed would, at least to the eye,
+disentangle all complications. It would lay out the work in the
+Year-Book with clean-cut precision. But vital things are not always
+improved by vivisection. It would doubtless simplify our apprehension of
+the organs of a <i>man</i> to lay the lungs on one side of the table, the
+heart on another, the liver on a third, and the brains on a fourth. But
+how far it would enhance the vitality and usefulness of the man is
+another question. There is an organism which is often, and without harm,
+in that fashion distributed. But it is a mannikin&mdash;not a man.</p>
+
+<p>The one most formidable evil among our colored countrymen is their
+deplorable ignorance of the connection between religion and morality&mdash;or
+rather the fact that religion, on its outward side, is morality. The
+sable deacon who, when confronted with a list of his sins as dark as his
+countenance, replied triumphantly; "Well, bredren, I'se broke ebery
+commandment ob de ten&mdash;but bress de Lord, I'se nebber los' my 'ligion,"
+was no monster of iniquity. He was only saturated and sodden with the
+delusion which submerges Pagan, Mohammedan, and Papist alike, and throws
+no little of its froth over Protestant, too often, that duties toward
+God and toward man are not blended, or even dove-tailed together. But
+they are weights in opposite scales. Be only devout in your penances or
+your hallelujahs, and your life among men is of little account. Now,
+that notion can not be corrected in such a people as that one with which
+we have to do in the South by an occasional Sunday sermon. In the
+day-school it must be reiterated morning, noon, and night in various
+applications, line upon line and precept upon precept. And so, on the
+other hand, teachers, as well as scholars, must be reminded by pastors,
+with a little Puritan iron in their blood, of their Christian, as well
+as educational obligations. One member of your committee who has had
+practical experience in the Southern work reports that some teachers,
+occasionally even now, need to be reminded of the Christian service that
+the Association, as well as the Master, expects from them. But divide
+these different functions, put the churches and Sunday-schools under
+other auspices, and, self-evidently, that temptation would be so much
+the worse. We must have groped out of the morning twilight toward the
+millennial day much further than we have before any such plan can be
+reduced to fact.</p>
+
+<p>Dr. Strieby speaks in the paper of his clerical friend of twenty-five
+years ago, who thought the work of the Association would be transient.
+It reminds us of Mr. Seward's remark that three months would end the
+civil war. We are in for a long campaign. The sad fact is not to be
+blinked that, with the enormous increase of the colored population, the
+illiteracy among them is greater to-day than at the close of the
+rebellion. We have need to sing at times:</p>
+
+<div class="poem"><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i1">O, learn to scorn the praise of men:<br /></span>
+<span class="i1">O, learn to lose with God.<br /></span>
+</div></div>
+
+<p>As Dr. Goodwin grandly told us yesterday, our work is under the Master's
+order. Success is no concern of ours. But success, because it is His
+concern, is sure. Every losing battle in His service turns in time to
+victory. We remember in Count Agenor de Gasparin's "Uprising of a Great
+People," how spell-bound, awe-struck, he appeared to be before that
+magnificent ground swell of the loyal nation, rolling on, as a traveling
+<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_366" id="Page_366"></a>[366]</span>mountain range, to sweep the rebellion as drift-wood before it. The
+eight millions of the freedmen and their children are rising. If, for
+the present, there are refluent waves that sadden us it is God who
+brings in the tide. "And when I begin," saith the Lord, "I will also
+make an end."</p>
+
+<hr style='width: 45%;' />
+
+<h3>REPORT ON SECRETARY BEARD'S PAPER.</h3>
+
+<h4>BY REV. H.M. TENNEY, D.D., CHAIRMAN</h4>
+
+<p>The committee to which was referred the paper of Secretary Beard
+respectfully report that the "Missionary View of the Southern Situation"
+therein presented impresses us profoundly with the fact that the
+sincerest piety is the most exalted patriotism. It commends itself to us
+as worthy of the most serious attention of the thoughtful of both races
+in the North and in the South. The gravity of the Southern problem, as
+set before us, is little less than appalling. The colored race now looks
+back over a quarter of a century of freedom and recognized rights. The
+traditions and customs and conservative ties of slavery are broken with
+its chains. The ideas, aspirations and manly instincts of liberty have
+taken hold upon the colored people and are becoming controlling. The
+intellectual progress of the many, the political and national prominence
+of the few, the acquisition of wealth, and the marvelously
+disproportionate increase in their numbers, serve to awaken the colored
+race to self-consciousness and a sense of power. It is beginning to
+demand its rights and to be impatient of their resistance and
+suppression. The Samson of the past, bound, shorn and blinded, stands
+to-day with fetters broken, with locks grown long, and with eyes yet
+dim, but with the dimness of returning vision, as one who sees men as
+trees walking. And whether he shall be carried on to complete
+emancipation, intellectual and spiritual, a true manhood, or goaded to
+madness, and driven to bow himself against the pillars of our national
+and social temple, and pull it down to the common ruin of us all, is the
+question of the hour. A race so situated, were there no other factors in
+the problem, would be a peril to any people, and would call for the most
+helpful effort and self-sacrificing zeal and Christ-like patience.</p>
+
+<p>But the white man in the Southern situation is as serious a factor in
+the problem as the black man. In a different way, the incubus of slavery
+has rested as heavily upon him as upon his black brother. The illiteracy
+is not all on one side. If we put ourselves in the place of our Southern
+white brothers, and remember what human nature is, apart from the grace
+of God, we may not greatly wonder, in view of the heritage of the past
+and the real difficulties and perils of the present, that there is an
+intensity of race prejudice, and a bitterness of caste spirit, and an
+increasing hostility to the rising colored population which registers
+itself in outbreaks of violence and bloodshed, in the defiance of law,
+and in crimes against the ballot-box. We may not be greatly surprised
+that there should be intelligent men who regard the education of the
+colored man as a calamity, and deny his rights, and call for his
+disfranchisement. The white man of the South needs emancipation and
+Christian elevation as well as the black. We are the debtors of Christ
+to both races. Leave these two races to themselves without the gospel of
+Christ, and the conflict between them is inevitable, and it can be but
+terrific and protracted, and a dark blot upon the Christian name and
+civilization. Dr. Beard has well said that the problem can not be solved
+by historic precedents. All talk of slavery or peonage for the inferior
+race, or migration, or extermination, or amalgamation, is idle and
+morally repugnant and politically dangerous.</p>
+
+<p>The problem set for our solution by Almighty God is just this&mdash;as stated
+in this missionary view of it: How, being free, two races as dissimilar
+as are the white and black races, now equal before the law, can live
+side by side under the same government <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_367" id="Page_367"></a>[367]</span>and live in prosperity and peace.
+This problem must be solved, and it must be solved aright. And we may be
+sure that the ultimate solution of blessing for both races does not, and
+can not, lie in any retrograde movement toward the old darkness and
+bondage, but forward in the direction of the larger light and truer
+liberty of Christ. If the colored race, as a race, seems to have reached
+a point when "a little knowledge is a dangerous thing," its hope and
+ours lie not in a return to ignorance and degradation, but in pressing
+on to that larger knowledge and truer wisdom, the beginning of which is
+the fear of God, and the fullness of which is a hearty recognition and
+cordial acceptance and discharge of the obligations and trusts of a
+Christian manhood and Christian citizenship. The condition of the
+colored race, indeed, is but a necessary stage in its upward and onward
+march. It is no other than we have always had reason to expect would be
+reached. That the mile-stone of to-day marks so great progress is cause
+for profound gratitude. The new features of the situation and the fresh
+difficulties are those, and those only, which are incident to progress.</p>
+
+<p>There is but one solution for the Southern problem, and that is the
+solution for which this Association has labored from the beginning, and
+which this paper urges. Christianity in its highest forms, an
+intelligent Christian manhood, is that solution. It is an impressive
+thought that it is the mission of this Association, more than all other
+institutions and agencies, to develop that Christian sentiment among the
+colored people, and indirectly among the whites, which shall create a
+<i>balance of power</i> which shall save the races and the nation from that
+conflict which without it seems inevitable. This fact is a trumpet call
+to us to press the work of the Association in its schools and colleges
+and churches with renewed vigor and devotion.</p>
+
+<p>And we would especially emphasize the necessity of preserving the unity
+of the educational and religious work of the Association to this end.
+Every teacher must be a missionary as truly as every preacher. And this
+unity of purpose and effort must be felt. Church and school, as in the
+past, must continue to stand together in the minds and labors of the
+people that there may be no exaltation of education at the expense of
+religion. In the dark days of slavery, it was faith in God that
+sustained the Negro, that inspired his songs, and that made him strong
+to endure and patient to wait. And it was by the power of God that he
+was at last set free. Never did the colored man need that faith in God,
+and in an overruling and guiding Providence, more than now, when the
+goal of liberty and equality is so nearly attained, and yet strangely
+delayed. Nobly do the leaders of the race realize that faith, and seek
+to lead their brethren into it.</p>
+
+<p>It belongs to this Association, by all the agencies at its command, to
+teach this people to be patient and to wait upon the Lord, to endure
+hardship, to leave vengeance with the Lord, and, accepting the
+responsibilities of liberty and citizenship, to gird themselves to meet
+them in the spirit and in the strength of a grand Christian manhood.
+This the history of this people warrants us in expecting from them. To
+this manhood, struggle and work we welcome them, and in it we pledge
+them our Christian support.</p>
+
+<p>Let this be the temper of those who hold the balance of power between
+the races in the South, and in no long time the slumbering conscience of
+the Southern white will respond. The noble utterances of the
+Southerners, who already demand that the Golden Rule shall be applied to
+the race problem, prove that it is already waking to life and power. It
+will be felt then that it cannot be safe to sin against God, to despise
+even the least of his children; that it must be safe to follow in the
+way where he leads, to do his bidding, and to give equal rights to all,
+and to treat all men as brethren. And thus the missionary view
+prevailing, and the missionary solution accepted, the perils and
+conflicts of to-day will disappear as the storm-cloud passes, and the
+difficulties of race relations now anticipated will adjust themselves in
+God's way, and in God's time&mdash;the way of Christian manhood and
+brotherhood, of righteousness and of peace.</p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" /><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_368" id="Page_368"></a>[368]</span>
+<h2><a name="ADDRESSES_ON_THE_PRECEDING_REPORTS" id="ADDRESSES_ON_THE_PRECEDING_REPORTS"></a>ADDRESSES ON THE PRECEDING REPORTS.</h2>
+
+
+<hr style='width: 45%;' />
+
+<h3>ADDRESS OF REV. WM. BURNET WRIGHT, D.D.</h3>
+
+<p>When that Egyptian King, of whom we all know, was carving those
+memorials of his greatness which, even as brought to us by the magazines
+of late, have interested us all so much, and when Egypt was the most
+superb power in the world, slave women, of whom the mother of Moses was
+one, were lamenting by the Nile. But the people then to be pitied were
+not the Hebrews, but the Egyptians.</p>
+
+<p>As I think of the future of my country, my anxiety is not for the black
+race.</p>
+
+<p>The two nations which seem destined to exert in the near future the most
+intense and wide influence are Russia and the United States. Before each
+of them God has set essentially the same task and appears to have
+conditioned largely their prosperity upon the way in which they do it.
+That task is to develop into full-orbed free men a vast number of
+citizens who have been dwarfed and twisted by slavery. How to do this
+most thoroughly and speedily is the superlatively important question for
+each nation to decide. In Russia, there is no more acute observer than
+Count Tolstoi: and Count Tolstoi has said to his countrymen, "What we in
+Russia need supremely is three things; they are schools and schools and
+schools." The American Missionary Association, in view of all that has
+been said here these two days, seems to me to be repeating, with the
+emphasis of an adequate experience, those same words; and I think Mr.
+Hand has shown a judgment equal to his generosity in so wording the
+conditions of his gift that it repeats the same thing. The Association,
+whether intentionally or unintentionally, is telling us that what we
+need in the South supremely is "schools and schools and schools."</p>
+
+<p>By schools I certainly do not mean institutions which train only the
+mind or the body, or both. I am perfectly familiar with the picture
+which Mr. Maturin Ballou has drawn of the Alaska Indian using the
+knowledge gained in missionary schools to raise a check. I know that
+education which does not rightly train the will may be giving tools to a
+burglar or weapons to a mad man. The anarchism in Chicago, but for the
+education it controls, would have been like Bunyan's giants&mdash;able only
+to gnaw its nails in malice and have fits in sunshiny weather. But the
+American Missionary Association understands this thoroughly. In that
+copy of the year's review which Dr. Strieby sent me, the report of the
+school work was marked with a red pencil, that of the church work with a
+blue one; but the two marks overlapped, the red and the blue, so
+completely that all attempts to separate them were hopeless. Dr. Strieby
+himself could not distinguish between the church <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_369" id="Page_369"></a>[369]</span>work and the school
+work of the Association. No man can. They are indistinguishable because
+they have been inseparable. This is as it should be. This is essential
+to their real success. This is New Testament preaching&mdash;discipling; and
+that is what the Master told us to do. The danger of Count Tolstoi's
+leadership in Russia is great, and it is solely this: that he does not
+know that fact. The safety of your guidance, gentlemen, who conduct the
+policy of this Association, is that you do. The education given by the
+State and by the Federal Government has been and must necessarily be,
+almost wholly secular. But the education given by this Association is
+distinctly, not technically, religious. It is rooted and grounded in the
+Bible. And if what I am saying appears to you trite, I am glad of it,
+because it shows that on the substantial facts we are at one and need no
+argument.</p>
+
+<p>There are, however, two facts which sharply distinguish between the work
+we have to do among our emancipated slaves and that set before Russia
+among her emancipated serfs, and which make it more conspicuously
+obvious than it can be in Russia that we need schools. We have, first of
+all, to contend with the prejudice of color. We have been told how great
+that is. I need spend no time in repeating this while the debates at
+Worcester and in the Episcopal Convention at New York ring in our ears;
+while Harvard seniors can not elect for class orator the ablest and
+fittest man they have if he happens to be colored, without eliciting
+from New York newspapers two-column editorials of amazement; and while
+writers as wise, as informed, and as calm as George Cable, are unable to
+write without showing their quivering apprehension of a race war. The
+wickedness of this class feeling is conceded by all good men, and I need
+not dwell upon it.</p>
+
+<p>The cause of it has been largely overlooked, and therefore the remedies
+so often advocated have proved futile. Until the cause is distinctly
+recognized and acknowledged and remedied, the prejudice will remain. The
+cause is this: All freeborn people in every age and clime have had a
+contempt for slaves. That is very near the feeling&mdash;mark my words&mdash;they
+ought to have. It was stronger in Athens than it has ever been in
+Charleston. It is partly, and has always been largely, caused by the
+wicked pride of mastership, but it has also been largely inspired by the
+perception of those vices and inferiorities which his condition breeds
+in the slave. Ignorance, deceit, cowardice, are contemptible; and
+therefore men who know better fall into the way of despising those who
+are ignorant and cowardly instead of trying to help them become the
+reverse of all these things. In nearly every other nation&mdash;there are two
+exceptions that will readily occur to you&mdash;save our own, as soon as the
+slave's chains have been broken and the slave's vices eradicated, the
+emancipated man has been absorbed among the class of freemen. There was
+nothing left to suggest that he had ever been a slave. The people forgot
+it. But the black man bears an ineffaceable mark that he belongs to a
+race which has been enslaved; and it is, therefore, in ninety-nine <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_370" id="Page_370"></a>[370]</span>cases
+out of a hundred unconsciously but instinctively assumed that his is
+still the servile character. There is no natural antipathy between the
+white and the black races; if there were there could be no mulattoes.
+The sole reason of the persistence of this caste feeling is that the
+black man bears the mark saying to every one that sees him, "I belong to
+a race that has been enslaved:" and unconsciously men assume, "Therefore
+your character is still a servile character." The prejudice is deep; it
+is almost universal; and so long as there is a God in heaven who led
+forth the Hebrews and overthrew the Pharaohs, there will be no safety
+for this Nation of ours until the prejudice is obliterated, as
+completely as that which once existed and was more intense between the
+Anglo-Saxon and the Norman. If, as has been the case in many another
+land, there should arise an emergency threatening the existence of our
+Nation, and there were one man, and only one, capable of steering us
+through the storm into safety&mdash;some Lincoln or Washington&mdash;and if every
+voter in our country knew that this man were the only one who could do
+it, that man, if he were black, could not be elected President. Were
+such an emergency to arise to-morrow, we should perish. We should perish
+by suicide, and richly deserve all that we got. There is no safety for
+our land until this prejudice of caste is gone. It never came by
+argument; it can never be argued away. It can not be smothered under
+legislation nor uprooted by resolutions nor effaced by tears. While good
+men feel it they will fight it, but the majority will yield to it and it
+can be decided in only one way. That way was well outlined by a colored
+student in Hampton Institute in the debating club of that institution.
+The subject for discussion was, "How Shall We Black Men Secure Our
+Rights?" The last speaker was black as ebony, and had been bred in his
+early years a slave. When he arose I expected to hear him repeat the
+familiar complaints and suggest the familiar remedies. He did neither.
+He simply said: "My friends, I do not agree with all that you have said.
+I think, as you do, that the way white people treat us in the street
+cars and hotels"&mdash;and he might have added, in churches, but he did
+not&mdash;"is wrong, unchristian, and cruel." And when he said that, there
+was a pathos in his voice which made me ashamed to be a white man.
+"But," he added, "while I think as you do that it is cruel, I do not
+think that the white people will ever stop treating us as inferiors so
+long as we are inferiors, and I think that they will despise us as long
+as they can. But when we get enough character in our hearts, enough
+brains in our head, and enough money in our pockets, they will stop
+calling us niggers!"</p>
+
+<p>He was right&mdash;a thousand times right. We must face the facts and steer
+by them, and not attempt to be guided by sentiment and emotions. So long
+as the sight of a black face instinctively suggests to us rags and
+ignorance, and servility and menial employments, just so long this
+prejudice of caste will endure, and no amount of individual genius,
+culture, or character will be able to brush the mildew of caste from any
+individual black <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_371" id="Page_371"></a>[371]</span>man's brow. That lady may be a Florence Nightingale,
+but if I whisper, and whisper truly, that she came from the slums, that
+her sisters are in the penitentiary, and her brothers are thieves,
+society will never forgive her for not being in the penitentiary
+herself. Society will pity her in ostentatious magniloquence, which is
+far worse than contempt or neglect; perhaps it will clothe her with silk
+and diamonds; but it will never treat her as it would not dare not to
+treat any lady whom it felt its equal. As has been well said, what is
+needed is not patronage nor pity, but fact&mdash;the recognition of fact.
+When the sight of a black face shall no longer remind men that it
+belongs to a race of which the immense majority close at hand are still
+showing what we have driven into them by the lash and bound in them by
+chains; when the black face shall have clothed itself in associations as
+full of comfort and culture and Christian worth as a white man wears,
+"Negro" will be as honorable as "Caucasian." And for this, through its
+churches which are schools, and its schools which are churches, the
+American Missionary Association is laboring and praying with splendid
+success.</p>
+
+<p>I would like to remind you of the second point, which is emphasized by
+the statement in the report that a graduate, of Fisk University, with
+his wife, another graduate, has gone to Africa under commission of the
+American Board, and has there shown eminent abilities. Africa is the
+only continent on the planet that has never had a history. For
+millenniums it has been a locked closet. But in the providence of God
+the gaze of Christendom is now concentrated upon it. All the passions,
+good and bad, which push men are impelling the most adventurous and
+energetic of our race to look or to go thither. Love of money, love of
+adventure, love of power, love of man and love of God, are leading men
+to look into the 200,000,000 dusky faces there from which the veil has
+at last been thrown back. Meanwhile 8,000,000 of that race whose
+Christianizing means the regeneration of a continent vaster than Europe
+and the inauguration of a history perhaps to be more splendid than that
+which Europe has wrought out in two millenniums, are here for you and me
+to educate. Do you believe these facts are accidents? Do you believe
+that He who maketh the wrath of man to praise Him and restraineth the
+remainder of wrath has not ordained them according to the counsels of
+his own will? There never can be a Christian education which does not
+plant and foster the missionary spirit. Is it a dream? If so, let me die
+before I wake. Is it a dream that among 8,000,000 of our fellow citizens
+each of whom, as Dr. Strieby told us at New York, is qualified to live,
+perhaps to thrive, in the climate which has proved a grave to
+Anglo-Saxons, each of whom is qualified to visit Africa with a fair hope
+of making himself received as a child returning unto his own household?
+Is it too much to hope that, under the Christian education we may give
+them if we will, enough will desire to preach Christ to the dark continent
+to gem it with life and light as the sky is gemmed with stars?</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_372" id="Page_372"></a>[372]</span>I am too old to do it, but so complete is my conviction that the future
+of the race in the coming century shall move toward Africa as in the
+ages following Paul it moved toward the North and West of Europe, that
+were I a young man, loyal and devoted to my Master, and trying as he
+told his followers by Gennesaret to read in the morning and evening red
+the signs of the times, I should not go to Africa, perhaps; I would go
+to Tougaloo University, I think, and there devote all my energies and
+powers to instructing black men in the meaning and scope and inspiration
+and promise of the Master's words, "Go ye."</p>
+
+<hr style='width: 45%;' />
+
+<h3>ADDRESS OF REV. F.P. WOODBURY, D.D.</h3>
+
+<p>I feel that I have learned a great deal to-day; and as the last speaker
+spoke concerning Africa, an idea has come into my mind which I may
+express. Here we have on one side of the great ocean, Africa; on the
+other side, America. We have here a race conflict; on the one side eight
+millions of blacks, we will say, and perhaps eight millions of
+irreconcilable whites on the other. And these dominant eight millions of
+white men maintain, with the utmost pertinacity&mdash;and they have the power
+in their right hand so far as we can see&mdash;that they propose to rule and
+keep down those eight millions of black men. I have seen the title of a
+book recently published, "An Appeal to Pharoah," which is vouched for as
+a calm and temperate discussion of the question whether, after all, we
+are not going to get by this race difficulty by a great deportation to
+Africa. It is a good deal to raise the question of eight millions of men
+leaving one country and going across the ocean and settling in another
+continent. But isn't there something in it after all? Might it not
+compose the differences? I know that the cost would be very large, but
+careful estimates go to show that the cost is not anywhere near the
+amount we spent in our civil war. On the one side, we have these eight
+millions of black men&mdash;ignorant, very largely superstitious, still
+somewhat above those of the same color in Africa, and plunged here into
+an antagonism which is deep, and bitter, and hopeless. On the other
+side, we have these eight millions of white people who do not accept the
+results of the war. Isn't it better that eight millions shall go? I
+don't know. I think it deserves serious consideration.</p>
+
+<p>But when the question arises for practical consideration, I think there
+is another and a little deeper question that we ought to remember, and
+that is this: Which eight millions ought to go? Is it these who have
+been faithful to the American flag, who are straight in the line of
+progress that this republic proposes to maintain, who are in the line of
+the development of all the ages, who are looking upward? Or is it the
+eight millions who are hopelessly side-tracked by the purposes of
+infinite God, and who are standing <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_373" id="Page_373"></a>[373]</span>here in this republic, undertaking to
+maintain a conflict that is necessarily one of despair, as sure as God
+is at the head of the universe? Expatriation if you please, deportation
+if you will; but consider the question whether it shall be eight
+millions of American patriots who are to be sent over to Africa or eight
+millions who have come out of a rebellion and maintain their seditious
+and rebellious attitude to-day.</p>
+
+<p>My friends, we all know that we are going to live together. There is no
+more baseless theory on God's earth than that we are going to take eight
+millions of men and send them out of this country, because they want to
+learn something, because they want to live like men and be men and
+citizens, and because God has put them here for our work and our
+education. I tell you, my friends, the immediate problem seems to me
+only one form of a larger problem. What is the problem of the planet
+to-day? Is it not the problem as to which of two theories shall maintain
+itself concerning the masses which are at the base of society? Isn't
+that the problem in every nation? Isn't it the problem here concerning
+white and black, red and yellow alike? There is no possible doubt about
+it. The labor problem, do you call it? Here is one theory which holds
+that the masses shall be kept down. Here is the other system which
+maintains that they shall be elevated. We have got to live with them in
+the world, for I imagine there is nobody talking about sending them to
+the moon. Don't you know, and I know that the world is growing smaller
+every year? Talk about neighborhood&mdash;look over this continent. Germany
+is here; Ireland is here; France is here; China is here; Africa is here.
+We are neighbors to everybody. We are touching elbows across the ocean
+all the time. If you send anybody to Africa, why, he is only next door;
+and by and by we shall have air ships that will float up over there in a
+few hours! How are you going to manage this thing? We have got to live
+together in this world, and nearer and nearer to one another with every
+generation; and this country may just as well be the field in which to
+try the experiment out as any other country on the face of the globe. I
+think we are going to try it out to the end. There are symptoms of it
+all around.</p>
+
+<p>But the conflict is here; it is in the air. It is not a conflict by
+sword. You know they tell the legend among the old medi&aelig;val stories that
+in one of the great battles on one of the plains of Europe, after the
+quiet darkness of the night had settled over the scene, the field strewn
+all over with the forms of the mangled and the dead, there were seen in
+the shuddering midnight air to rise spirit forms maintaining the deadly
+conflict there, and carrying on the battle of the day. It seems to me,
+in some sense, true of us. The sword has done what the sword could do;
+it can do no more. But the conflict is here in the air, pronouncing
+itself with every event that drifts across our horizon. Harvard sets its
+seal on the brow of Clement Morgan, and the Memphis <i>Avalanche</i> has no
+other word for him than to call him "that dusky steer with the crumpled
+forelock."</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_374" id="Page_374"></a>[374]</span>My friends, we are going right forward in the field of conflict, which
+is the field of victory. One with God is a majority, and we are
+thousands with God. And we have on our side the weak and the helpless,
+too. I don't want any better aid than that. You know that Burke in that
+magnificent invective against Warren Hastings, when he rose to the very
+climax of it and told the story of those atrocious tortures to which the
+poor and ignorant and misguided peasants of India had been put, how they
+had had their fingers tied together and mashed with hammers, and other
+unmentionable things had been done to them, appealed to the parliament
+and said that if they should refuse justice those mashed and disabled
+hands, lifted high to Heaven in prayer, would call down the power of God
+for their deliverance. Is it not worse to mash and disable a mind and a
+soul than a hand? I tell you the prayers of the poor are on our side;
+and if we had nothing of all this magnificent achievement of this
+Association to look upon, we could look on those hands raised and those
+souls crying out from the social bondage of to-day, as they did from the
+physical bondage of a few years ago, and know that if God be for us we
+need not care who or what is against us.</p>
+
+<hr style='width: 45%;' />
+
+<h3>ADDRESS OF PROFESSOR GRAHAM TAYLOR.</h3>
+
+<p>I have but a very few words to add to this report. The facts speak
+louder than any statement of them can. When skirting the Asiatic shore
+of the inner sea, that lonely traveler, Paul, heard a voice, he looked
+across to the shores of Europe, and there in the night stood a great
+colossal form, not of a naked savage, but a form clad perhaps, in the
+panoply of the Macedonian phalanx, the representative of the Europe that
+then was and was yet to be, the precursor, it may be, to the classically
+informed mind of the missionary to the Gentiles, of that long procession
+of great world conquerors. It was the Man of Macedon who stood there in
+the might of his strength and cried, like the crying of an infant in the
+night, the crying of an infant for the light, "Come: come over into
+Macedonia and help us."</p>
+
+<p>Now, my brethren, this was the cry of the strong for help. This was the
+cry of the peoples that were following the westward course of the star
+of empire. And yet, in their strength, they cried as though they were
+the weakest of woman born. And when that missionary, in response to that
+call, crossed the sea, though he came to that Macedonian city which had
+been the battle-scene of the contending forces of the Roman empire, he
+found access for the gospel into Europe through the open heart of one
+woman&mdash;Lydia, a seller of purple. And there, sitting down by the water
+course, where prayer was wont to be made, he just grouped those
+individuals into that unit of God's operations on the face of the earth,
+the local church. And this church was distinguished among the apostolic
+churches <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_375" id="Page_375"></a>[375]</span>for its family traits, for the infusion of feminine grace and
+masculine strength, for the most domestic hospitality and the very
+faults of the close attritions of human life. There he planted the seed
+which has grown into our European and American civilization and
+Christianity.</p>
+
+<p>And so ever at the cry of the strong for help the gospel has had just
+these three great prime factors to present for the solution of the
+problems of every age: first, the home, with its priesthood of the
+father and mother, the sanctuary of the house and the ministrations of
+family life; secondly, the school; and thirdly, between the home and the
+school, the church. When our Lord himself, from all possible sources,
+made selection of the first among the many means he has chosen for the
+redemption of this world, he chose a trained personality. As the medium
+for the transmission of truth, no improvement, no change has been found
+in all the progress of the gospel. By this trained personality&mdash;the
+heart that has been led to live with Christ awhile, and then go forth in
+his name and filled with his love to the hearts that have place for that
+love and rootage for that life&mdash;this wonderful product of our Christian
+civilization has everywhere been produced.</p>
+
+<p>And I take it that in no one of the Christian agencies known to us are
+these three methods so wonderfully unified, so inseparably united, as
+the home and the church and the school are in the work of the American
+Missionary Association. They are one and the same. They are
+indissoluble. The long experience of this Association through this half
+century of specialized work does fit it, as the report has said, to give
+an almost commanding opinion in regard to the method of the work to be
+pursued among these very distinct classes. From the field as well as
+from the office, and from the experience of those longest at work, we
+learn that the school finds its ultimate aim only in the church; that,
+as a Christian agency, we are to work with the school only as a means to
+the end of building up that body of Christ on the face of the earth
+which is known by the name of his church. I do not see how the
+separation to any extent of school and church work can fail to break the
+unity of administration and hinder the progress of this gloriously
+on-going work.</p>
+
+<p>I have just one word to add in regard to the reflex influence of this
+church work upon the home churches. My brethren, there has been a great
+dearth in candidates for the ministry until very recently. It strikes me
+that there is no such object-lesson in all our land, inviting men to
+consecrate themselves to the noblest of purposes, as the heroic ministry
+of this Association. It needs the heroic element to attract young men.
+It needs something which is very plainly worth their while to live for
+and to work for and to consecrate their energies toward, in order to
+attract them from the allurements of business and material progress
+to-day. The Indian service of the British Government, and even the
+service of the great commercial companies, have that element of heroism
+in it them which has attracted <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_376" id="Page_376"></a>[376]</span>the very best brain and brawn of the
+English race to India. So it seems to me we will have to hold up these
+great organizations, which reach down to the hard places of the land,
+which occupy places that require men to man them, in order to recruit
+the ranks of our ministers. A man needs to know that he will have to be
+all the more a man to be anything of a minister now-a-days, to attract
+him into this great work. And this heroic type of Christian ministry and
+of Christian manhood and womanhood, shown in the half century of this
+society's work and existence, is to my mind one of the great attractions
+upon the best, the strongest, and the most consecrated of those men and
+women who devote their lives to the service of the church.</p>
+
+<p>Its reflex influence upon every other branch of missionary activity in
+the church is very plain. It is to-day&mdash;I do not hesitate to say it&mdash;the
+hero of our organizations. It takes far less stamina, far less
+consecration, I believe, to go to India, or China, or Japan than it does
+to come out at the call of God and of this agency of His divine
+Providence and enter many a field manned by this Association. In the
+<i>personnel</i> of our theological seminaries I have long noticed that the
+choicest spirits, the men with the stamp of courage upon them, those who
+are not working for place, but for Christ, and him alone, are the men
+who take up this work. They are the men who, when they come back to the
+schools of the prophets, thrill our hearts as no other men do with the
+story of the conquests of Christ in their own hearts as well as out in
+the hard fields which they cultivate for his sake; and there will be no
+more glowing missionary meeting of the seminary with which I have the
+honor to be connected than when the reports of this meeting shall be
+carried back to the brethren. The prayers of the class-rooms, the
+prayers of the missionary meetings, the yearnings of the hearts of the
+men who are preparing to follow in the footsteps of those who have
+heroically led the way, are the wires for these unseen and yet never
+unused electric currents which unite the North with the South, the
+frontier with the citadels of our common Christianity.</p>
+
+<p>We know very well the danger of a false education, of a school without A
+church, education without evangelization, a university without the heart
+of Christ beating in it. Great are the joy and confidence felt in the
+hearts of the constituency of this body that school and church are so
+inextricably interwoven with each other that if you plant a school it
+will develop into a church, and if the church comes it will eventually
+and inevitably re-act, and in a most blessed way in spiritual and often
+in material resources upon the school. We give largely to the school
+because there is a home beneath it and a church around it.</p>
+
+<p>I regard these churches of the American Missionary Association with
+their evangelistic and nurturing agencies, prime sociological factors
+for bringing in Christ's dear kingdom in this land of ours. It is their
+mission not only to remedy evils, not only to restore rights, but to be
+great <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_377" id="Page_377"></a>[377]</span>constructive agencies of a new Christian civilization. For when
+Christ came, he came preaching, not the gospel of the individual, not a
+gospel simply to save that man, that woman, that child, but the gospel
+of the Kingdom, the gospel which this great Association so effectually
+preaches and not only preaches but applies and administers as well. And
+the time will not be far hence when this whole subject of the
+environment of the spiritual life will force itself so imperatively upon
+the study of the churches at home that they will take the type of their
+work and the inspiration for their new developments from the leadership
+of this and kindred missionary organizations which have set them these
+most brilliant examples of being ahead of the thought and the feeling of
+their day.</p>
+
+<hr style='width: 45%;' />
+
+<h3>ADDRESS OF REV. C.W. HIATT.</h3>
+
+<p>More than fifty years ago De Tocqueville gave utterance to these
+prophetic words: "The most formidable of all the ills that threaten the
+future existence of the United States arises from the presence of a
+black population upon its territory." I think that that prophecy has
+been iterated and reiterated before this convention until we ought
+finally to let it rest as an established fact. I believe we are menaced
+by these eight millions of people, who are twice as great in number as
+were the people of the United Colonies when they broke from the
+mightiest naval and military power in history; but I believe that the
+peril that we are menaced by in the presence of this black man arises
+from his perils. There is a peril from the black man, but it is a peril
+secondary to the peril <i>of</i> the black man upon this soil. I do not
+apprehend any uprising by Uncle Tom; but Uncle Tom is dead, and his son
+is here and his friends of a younger generation. These men are being
+gnarled and corrupted and imbruted, and are massing themselves, touching
+elbows one with another; and under the influences of the age in which we
+live are becoming a factor in our civilization which, unless we modify
+and change it under our Christian teaching, will render our Southland
+like that island on the north of the Caribbean Sea where to-day it is
+said that the name of Toussaint l'Ouverture, the original defender and
+liberator, is a hissing and a reproach.</p>
+
+<p>It was a fine augury of the future when the work for the ex-slave began
+at Fortress Monroe in the atmosphere of religion. Mary Peake, meeting
+the advancing multitudes of refugees, gospel in heart and primer in
+hand, as by divine suggestion, laid the pattern of all our succeeding
+toil. Side by side of mutual helpfulness God has placed the alphabet and
+decalogue, the teacher and the preacher, the school-house and the
+church. "What therefore God hath joined together let not man put
+asunder."</p>
+
+<p>The largest, grandest word in the title of this organization is
+"Missionary." When that word drops out its work will be done, for its
+call will <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_378" id="Page_378"></a>[378]</span>have ceased. Our ultimate end and present purpose is, and
+always should be, simply this&mdash;to save. We cannot lift our fallen
+brother without the leverage of the cross.</p>
+
+<p>No field is wider, none more difficult, than that to which our eyes are
+turned, embracing as it does four of the five families of mankind. They
+huddle together in the lap of Christendom, but feel no warmth. They are
+a demonstration of the fact that civilization never touches barbarism
+without polluting it. The Indian, finding his highest ideal in the rude
+and tipsy defender of our flag; the Chinaman, taking home more
+heathenism than he brings; the Negro, bound tighter by the vices of the
+whites than ever he was by their iron chains&mdash;these three, ignorant of
+the Christ and grasping the satanic weaponry of our sinful land and age,
+together form the most discouraging of mission fields. Our laborers are
+faced by all the serious problems of the foreign land&mdash;problems
+unrelieved by a single romantic charm. When we send our missionaries to
+Africa they go to labor among the Africans; and when we send them down
+South they go to teach "niggers."</p>
+
+<p>Notice, then, what the report of this committee signifies in the
+presence of the fact that our laborers not only grapple with foreign
+languages, conceptions, idolatries, habits of benighted peoples, but all
+the time are hindered and assailed on every hand by these Bedouin Arabs
+of our land&mdash;the minions of mammon and the slaves of caste. To gather
+and hold and save in such a field as this, is task enough for the finest
+corps in the army of the Lord.</p>
+
+<p>In the presence of these well-known facts, the report of the committee
+adds another chapter to the Book of Acts. It gladdens our hearts with
+thrilling music&mdash;the music of ringing sickle and reaper's song. From all
+over this mighty field, from mountain, and savannah, and shore, and
+plain, we hear the resonant footsteps of advancing troops&mdash;a solid
+regiment of converts marching in the army of our Christ and into the
+fellowship of his Congregational Church. I want you to notice that this
+church which we have planted in the South is just the kind of a church
+to take these people and assimilate them, to save them and to preserve
+them to their highest usefulness. And why? In the first place, because
+it is a church that will take them in. I saw the other day this
+inscription over a great arch erected in honor of our Pan-American
+guests in the city of Cleveland, "Welcome All Americans." Well, the
+Congregational Church has put three talismanic letters over the portal
+of every church that it has planted in the South and in the West,
+"A.M.A.&mdash;All mankind acceptable."</p>
+
+<p>Every convert in our work has cosmopolitan views respecting the
+brotherhood of man. This means that one thousand people have seated
+themselves before an apostolic communion table. White, black, red and
+yellow, side by side in harmony before the broken memorials of the life
+of love. The spirit of color-caste is a post-apostolic devil. The most
+eminent convert of the evangelist Philip was as black as a middle vein
+of Massilon <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_379" id="Page_379"></a>[379]</span>coal. Perhaps that is why they met in the desert and the
+spirit compassionately caught Philip away. The purest church and the
+purest ray of sunshine are alike&mdash;they absorb the seven colors of the
+spectrum. When the Creator flung the rainbow like a silken scarf over
+the shoulder of the summer cloud, he drew his color-line. Pentecostal
+blessings fell at Jerusalem, and have fallen ever since on the
+cosmopolitan church.</p>
+
+<p>The second feature of this church that adapts it to ours field is the
+open Bible. Every convert is armed with the shining sword&mdash;the sword of
+the spirit, which is the word of God, like the sword in the hand of the
+angel at Eden's gate, turning every way at once.</p>
+
+<p>You do not hear of immorality, gross and fearful, within the precincts
+of our Congregational churches. You do not hear of our people walking up
+the hills of the beatitudes over the broken tables of the law. The
+written word, like the Incarnate, goes into our congregations and drives
+out all the sellers of oxen and of doves. The Word, also, is the
+protection of these people against their greatest foe of this day&mdash;the
+encroaching power of the Church of Rome. Do you know that that ancient
+foe of liberty is stalking all across the twelve States of the South? Do
+you know what it means to have the Church of Rome take in hand these
+people of lowly and of feeble intelligence? We do not have to crossover
+to Austria or Italy in order to discern her aims, for the Nun of Kenmare
+has alighted upon our shores, and her alarming words are running through
+the land. Rome knows no color prejudice, and the foot of that great
+despotic power can rest just as easily upon a skin that is black as upon
+a neck that is of the purest alabaster. And the Congregational Church
+down South is the only champion against this papal see, for she has an
+aisle wide enough for five races of mankind to march up to her communion
+table, while the sword of the Spirit guards her portals.</p>
+
+<p>Again, I wish you to notice this fact: That this Church which we are
+planting is not only hiding a multitude of sins by saving these lowly
+people, but it is serving the interests of the State as well. When we
+remember that the polity of our church is a polity of liberty, that it
+teaches that rights and duties go hand in hand, that it takes just as
+much wisdom to elect the pastor of a church as the President of the
+United States, we can see that the moral influence of this polity of
+ours is serving the interests of our commonwealth. The Congregational
+Church is carrying the Pilgrim idea into the soil of the Cavalier.
+Straight University, Tillotson Institute, and these other schools, are
+but the outcropping of that old stone down in an Eastern harbor that we
+call Plymouth Rock. Down South are being planted those two principles
+upon which the great superstructure of our liberty rests firm&mdash;a church
+without a bishop and a state without a king. This is what
+Congregationalism is carrying into that land long ruled by
+aristocracies. It is giving these people who possess liberty the
+knowledge of how to use it aright.</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_380" id="Page_380"></a>[380]</span>Finally we not only hide a multitude of sins, we not only serve the
+State, but we reach forth a long arm to save the world. Awhile ago I was
+in the study of Dr. Ladd. There, spread before us, were relics of his
+well remembered cruise along the Nile. There were implements for rude
+tillage of the soil, there were swords and spears beaten into shape by
+barbaric artisans, there were the cats and lizards and toads, objects of
+worship by unnumbered millions. Thus were displayed in object lesson the
+savagery and idolatry of one of the largest families of man. The Doctor
+placed his finger on the map at Mendi Mission. "There," said he, "I saw
+a row of missionaries graves. Their headstones sadly told the tale of
+the pestilential land. Two months, three months, nine months they
+survived, and then fell to rise no more. No white man can endure the
+clime."</p>
+
+<p>Another time I was at a commencement of Fisk University. I saw Professor
+Spence take two photographs, and hold them up before the gaze of five
+hundred intelligent colored youths, whose faces fairly glowed as they
+looked upon the well-remembered features of two of their alumni, who in
+Western Africa, if I mistake not, are teaching the gospel of Christ and
+enduring the rigors of the climate. And in the glowing features of these
+five hundred folk, I saw the prophecy of a splendid recruiting of our
+feeble forces in that continent which by and by shall not be dark. Ah,
+this work is grand! We are putting the cross of Jesus into the dusky
+hands that shall carry it not only to the land of the pyramids, not only
+to the land of the ancient wall; but, as I believe, there will come a
+day when some child now in our schools of the West, some Apache or
+Dakotan, will rise with apostolic fervor, and going southward along the
+isthmus and over the mountains will put this transfigured cross of
+Christ into the pampas and the llanos through which the Amazon and the
+Orinoco pour their majestic streams.</p>
+
+<hr style='width: 45%;' />
+
+<h3>ADDRESS OF REV. D.M. FISK, D.D.</h3>
+
+<p>It may be fitting to add a few supplementary words corroborative of
+the hopeful view taken in this report on the Mountain Work. At first
+glance it does seem that this is a discouraging field. I need not
+recapitulate what has been said in the report already before you. It
+is sufficiently discouraging; the ignorance and poverty are not the
+worst features. The position of the clergy in many sections&mdash;I am
+happy to say not in all&mdash;is full of discouragement. The worst thing we
+have to face is the apathy of the people. Their phrase, "We-uns never
+asked you-uns to come here," is certainly most pathetic.</p>
+
+<p>What do we propose to do about it? What do we propose to do with more
+than two millions for whom Christ died, American citizens, in the very
+heart of our Nation, around whom the currents of commerce and industry
+<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_381" id="Page_381"></a>[381]</span>swirl every day? Shall the greatest tidal wave of all time pass them by,
+and they not feel it for a moment? More than all, shall the great gospel
+of God, which is life, and hope, and peace, and home, for us, be nothing
+for them?</p>
+
+<p>I am happy to say that it is not all dark by any manner of means. Your
+committee is hopeful, the members of this Association are hopeful, our
+brethren on the frontier are hopeful. There are very many favorable
+things, and one of the most favorable is their increasing numbers. Do we
+stop to estimate what two millions of souls means? More than thirty
+thousand cradles filled in a single year.</p>
+
+<p>These men respect the Bible. They feel a superstitious regard for it;
+they are not infidel people. They have a simple, childlike faith, and
+the Bible word is to them final. Many things that many of us have to
+contend with, the brethren there do not meet I mean in the field of
+infidelity.</p>
+
+<p>They have great respect for woman if she respects herself. I have the
+statement of one of our workers in the South that a woman can go even
+among these men when they are drunk, and if she respects herself and has
+maintained her character she is perfectly safe in their midst.</p>
+
+<p>This same writer tells me of a young man who went out from one of their
+schools, and kept school in a certain place during the winter, When he
+returned, he said: "Nothing would tempt me to go back there again." Not
+so with the young ladies. It is one of the most astonishing signs of the
+times that really into the feeble hand of womanhood is given the key of
+the situation. They respect these girls, they reverence them and give
+them a place of dignity in their hearts. That makes it possible for
+these women to do a large and splendid work in the South.</p>
+
+<p>Once let these girls that come under the influence of our Christian
+Northern women who go there as teachers, and the graduates of these
+various colleges and schools that we have planted, and are about to
+plant in the South; once let common womanhood in the South that has been
+so much under the heel of this oppression; once let girlhood feel the
+power that has come go girlhood, that to them as young women in the
+cradle of these hills, under this fair sky is given the power to turn
+over in not less than thirty or forty years this whole country for God
+and humanity, for enlightenment and for Christian peace;&mdash;once let that
+idea get into the minds of these girls, and we have not the same problem
+that we have to-day.</p>
+
+<p>There is good blood there as well. There is a man in Congress to-day,
+honoring himself and his district and his nation, who went to school
+there, and I know not for how many years wore but one garment. I call
+that pretty good blood when from such circumstances a man can come up to
+such a large place.</p>
+
+<p>There is a transition time with this whole section. New conditions are
+being put upon them. They feel the outside movement of the world. A
+friend of mine is now in the South who has brought up a large quantity
+of lumber in a certain district, and when he finds the right man he will
+plant <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_382" id="Page_382"></a>[382]</span>a school there. Coal and iron are being extensively worked. My
+brother here (the Rev. S.E. Lathrop) tells me that near Cumberland Gap
+four hundred houses have gone up within a very brief time, and over two
+thousand workmen are pushing into a section not before opened. It will
+not come in an hour or in a day; but by and by, when these men face the
+new life of our times, when they have once felt its pressure, and the
+tremendous disparity between their manner of living and the high kind of
+life of Northern homes and Northern hearthstones, they will move, and a
+change will come over the spirit of their dreams. Even now, the native
+preachers, who have been so hostile to our work, are coming to these,
+our pastors, and asking for light on the Bible. Furthermore, our pupils
+are going out and organizing county institutes, and the work is going on
+everywhere.</p>
+
+<p>There is a dark side to it, but I praise God there is a bright side. It
+is like a dam. When the dam begins to go, it will go all at once. Youth
+is on our side. In thirty years we shall not have the same problem we
+have now&mdash;no, not in twenty years. Wealth is coming in. A large tract of
+eleven thousand acres, containing some of the finest coal that the world
+knows, is being developed. This means a great influx of population, and
+this wealth is to be developed, and new material power is coming as an
+auxiliary to our spiritual power. This wealth is being converted. A man
+who five years ago was a godless man, and who owns to-day one-seventh of
+these eleven thousand acres of coal lands, was converted. He was made a
+Sunday-school Superintendent, but he could not say the Lord's Prayer;
+yet he was determined that the Lord's Prayer should be repeated in that
+school, and he hired a large number of small boys and gave them a dime
+apiece and told them to learn the Lord's Prayer that week. They did so;
+and when Sunday came, with a chorus to back him, he came on as a solo
+performer.</p>
+
+<p>A dear girl of my own acquaintance dressed, in one morning, fifteen or
+sixteen women and children. They came around her and felt her all over,
+and wondered at the complexity of her garments. I speak of this thing
+because it indicates that that old apathy is breaking up, and they are
+coming to look at new things and feel a new interest in the life outside
+of themselves. And as this same dear girl taught from thirty to fifty of
+these women, they listened eagerly, and the tears rolled down their
+cheeks, and they said to her, "Oh, come and tell us more about Jesus,
+for we want to be different kind of women, different kind of mothers."</p>
+
+<p>There was one girl, coarse enough in fiber, heavy enough in build, gross
+enough in appearance, who came out to one of our commencements, and went
+back with the arrow in her heart, saying, "I would give all the world if
+I had it, if I could write a piece and git up thar and read it like
+them." She went home determined she would go to college. She was a large
+girl, fifteen years old, yet did not know a single letter. She walked
+fifty miles nearly, and came and said to the college president that she
+wanted to work for her board, so that she could enter the school. What
+could she do? He <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_383" id="Page_383"></a>[383]</span>found that really she was incapacitated for doing
+anything; but she said, "I can hoe corn like a nigger." Finally she was
+set at some sort of work, and that girl, after three or four years, went
+out as a school teacher into a district where young men dared not go,
+where her eyes were blistered with the sights she saw&mdash;men shot down
+before her face and eyes by the whisky distillers&mdash;and she was asked to
+organize a Sunday-school there. When any one starts a Sunday-school he
+is expected to preach, and so that girl had to become a preacher, and
+to-day she is preaching the gospel of God and spreading the work there.
+And yet she came from one of the very humblest classes.</p>
+
+<p>There is a peaceful invasion of this people by themselves. This mission
+of the people to themselves is one of the most hopeful things about this
+work. And when they realize that they have a mission, Pauline in spirit,
+unto their own people, then victory shall come to us.</p>
+
+<hr style='width: 45%;' />
+
+<h3>ADDRESS OF REV. ADDISON P. FOSTER, D.D.</h3>
+
+<p>This Indian problem has been largely settled on its civil side. For many
+years the friends of the Indians have been consulting together, and have
+done their utmost to influence public opinion. And the Government has
+heeded the call&mdash;as it always does&mdash;of a widely extended and wise public
+sentiment; and, in consequence, our policy with regard to the Indian has
+been very largely re-shaped. To-day, by reason of the Dawes Bill, land
+is open to the Indians in severalty. There is a fair degree of law
+secured for the Indians. The great questions pertaining to their outward
+circumstances are under happy prospect of adjustment.</p>
+
+<p>But, this being the fact, it simply increases the necessity laid upon us
+to meet the requirements of the present day. The door is open for the
+Indian to become a citizen; and in this land, whenever any man receives
+the privileges of citizenship, it is incumbent upon us to see to it that
+he is fitted for that sacred obligation by the church and by the school.</p>
+
+<p>This is a necessity of our republic which we have recognized from our
+earliest day. When our fathers came to this land, they located side by
+side the school house and the church; and, wherever we have sought to
+open the privileges of the suffrage, and the dignities, and honors, and
+joys of citizenship, to any class of people among us, we have always
+felt it to be an imperative necessity to see to it that they had both
+these sacred training schools, the educational institution and the
+religious institution, side by side.</p>
+
+<p>Now to-day we have unusual opportunities. Everything seems to be coming
+to a focus in regard to our work for the Indians. Never has the time
+been so auspicious as it is to-day. Never have there been so many things
+combining to show to us that if we are to improve the opportunity God
+gives us to care for the Indian&mdash;this man who held this land before we
+came to it and from whom we have taken our possession&mdash;we must do <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_384" id="Page_384"></a>[384]</span>it
+to-day. There are other great needs about us, other races and other
+classes and other conditions; but there is no other class appealing so
+intensely to the sympathies of all our people to-day, as is the Indian.
+This is one great explanation of the remarkable increase of the work of
+this Association among the Indians. How did it ever spring from an
+expenditure of $11,000 annually to $52,000, as it is to-day? Partly
+because the Government has been willing to aid, but still more because
+our people throughout the land have been intensely interested in the
+Indian and have been glad to help him. They have said by their gifts
+that now is the time, and we must leap to improve this opportunity or
+else it will slip away from us forever.</p>
+
+<p>It is the conviction of your committee&mdash;and I can voice it most
+perfectly&mdash;that we must improve this opportunity before it is gone, and
+that this people who have long suffered at the hands of their white
+brethren have a claim to our earnest Christian sympathy and to our
+heartiest effort to put them upon their feet. They are more than ready,
+they are anxious for our aid, they are crying to us for help.</p>
+
+<p>Now, let me say that the American Missionary Association has always felt
+the importance of working in evangelistic lines. It would be nothing if
+it had not the church before it as an incentive. It works primarily
+through the school; but always with the thought that the school is
+secondary, and that the church is the one great aim before it. And
+unless this incentive were before it, unless it recognized that its work
+was to bring men to Christ, and to bind them together in Christian
+churches, there would be but little to call for the great self-denials
+of Christian workers in the field and many Christian givers in the
+country at large. It is this thought that has ever been held up before
+it&mdash;the thought that the church and the school go together, and that the
+school is simply the handmaid of the church. We recognize the fact that
+in Congregationalism especially, out of all forms of religious belief,
+we cannot hope to make men earnest, effective Christians, caring for
+themselves, managing their own affairs independently, and having in them
+the heart to go out and work, unless we cultivate their minds as well.
+And so this Association has sought, and this body of Christians that
+represent the Association has sought, by gifts and by teaching, to
+develop the thought that there always should be an educational work
+going forward that there may be something to build upon. Christianity
+needs education in order to give it its largest power.</p>
+
+<hr style='width: 45%;' />
+
+<h3>ADDRESS OF REV. THOMAS L. RIGGS.</h3>
+
+<p>It was said of Dr. Williamson by an old Indian that he had an Indian
+heart. I, too, have an Indian heart, and I can lay claim to that
+possession as but few can. It would take but a very little while to go
+from here into the very midst of our present Indian field. It took my
+father and Dr. Williamson, when they first entered the field, some six
+<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_385" id="Page_385"></a>[385]</span>months to reach it. I could start to-morrow morning, and taking the cars
+in this city, and reaching Pierre by the following night, could be
+farther off by Saturday, farther from the border of the mission field,
+than my father and Dr. Williamson could after they had travelled six
+months.</p>
+
+<p>I would like to invite you to go with me on a tour of inspection of the
+mission field itself. I would take my two ponies and drive out to the
+Cheyenne River, and take you to one of our out-stations, and show you
+something of the influences at work in the field to-day. As we went up
+the valley, we would see the Indian village located there, and in the
+midst, on a rising piece of ground, the mission station. Over some of
+the houses we would see a red flag flying. That is a prayer, a votive
+offering; there are sick in that house, and that is a prayer to the gods
+that healing may come, and that death may be kept from them. Over on the
+right we would see the dance-house&mdash;a great octagonal house with an open
+roof, in which the Indians gather night after night to dance to the
+monotonous beating of the drum. That is a very common sound out in the
+Indian villages, bringing to us always that thought of slavery to evil.
+As we go up to the station itself, we would see something more of the
+work than you have as yet been able to see. If it be on the Sabbath, as
+we go in we would see a young man there, with his audience before him,
+not a very large audience&mdash;old men, old women, boys and girls&mdash;gathered
+on the rough benches, and very much as they are in their own homes. Some
+of the old women have their hair down over their faces, the boys with
+dirty hands, old men with their dirty blankets, and yet they are
+gathered around there to hear the word of life. The preacher, as he
+stands before them, tells them of God's wonderful love, and takes as his
+text that most wonderful verse in the Bible, "God so loved the world
+that he gave his only begotten Son."</p>
+
+<p>Then, as you look at the man who is preaching there, you would hardly
+recognize in him one who thirteen years ago was a savage, a painted
+Indian. As I look at him it seems a most wonderful thing that such a
+change has taken place. I knew him as a savage; a splendid fellow he
+was, and he is now a more splendid man than ever he was a savage; and he
+is teaching the gospel of Christ to his own people. I have been out
+there seventeen years, and if there were not another result to show for
+those seventeen years of work than the lifting up of this Clarence Ward,
+and making of him a man in Christ Jesus, I should be abundantly
+satisfied.</p>
+
+<p>There is another influence of which I would speak, the influence of the
+home. Here in our happy homes we know but very little of what that means
+to the Indian. An Indian has no home, in our sense of the word. Some
+years ago I went with a party of Indians 175 miles west of the Missouri
+River in the middle of winter. We climbed a mountain and looked away to
+the east. We could see, I should think, 150 miles, and the Indian as he
+sat there on the edge of a rock, covered his head up in a blanket <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_386" id="Page_386"></a>[386]</span>and
+cried. Said he: "This is my country, and we have had to leave it." That
+was his idea of home&mdash;such a barren stretch as that, the snow glistening
+in the sunlight. The Dakota Indian lives in a region, not in a place.
+The Christian home coming into the midst of a village carries there an
+ideal of which the Indian knows nothing, and he is taught by the power
+of example day after day. The Christian woman in that home keeps her
+house clean, keeps her children clean, and stands there as a persistent
+example of the power of the gospel of soap, just as the man himself
+there who has become a Christian no longer steals horses. A party going
+out into an enemy's country would go as often for the sake of bringing
+back stolen horses, as they would for scalps. The man who has become a
+Christian is recognized at once as shut out from that privilege.</p>
+
+<p>Reference has been made to the opening up of the reservation, and the
+crisis is now upon us in connection with our Indian work. We have eleven
+million acres of land there just west of the Missouri River to be thrown
+open for settlement. Do you know what that means? Were any of you down
+at Oklahoma this last season? It means the rush of a swarm of people,
+good, bad and indifferent&mdash;chiefly bad and indifferent&mdash;and these
+settlers will crowd themselves in as a wedge between the two divisions
+of the Indian reservation, and we shall have Indians both to the north
+and to the south. They will be exposed to influences from which they
+have been kept as yet; influences which will tend to uplift in the
+outcome, as well as to degrade. I thank God for it. I thank God that he
+is bringing the white man into the midst of the Indian country. It may
+seem that this is a heroic remedy. So it is, but it is time for heroic
+remedies. We need to meet the question as it comes to us to-day. There
+is a ranchman out on Bad River, who tells me that there is no such thing
+as an Indian question. "Why," said I, "what are you talking about?"
+"There is no such thing," said he. I asked him how he explained it. "The
+simple thing to do is just to treat them as men, and that will be all
+there is to it. That will settle it, and there will be no such thing as
+an Indian question." Treat them as men and make Christians of them, and
+we will settle the whole thing.</p>
+
+<hr style='width: 45%;' />
+
+<h3>ADDRESS OF REV. HENRY A. STIMSON, D.D.</h3>
+
+<p>Referring to Dr. Goodwin's powerful address, I find myself transported
+again to China; but the fact recurs to my mind that this is not a
+foreign missionary society, but a home missionary one, and what we have
+to do is to open our minds to the conviction that it is possible to do
+at home plenty of work for the Chinaman. I am glad to give a little
+personal testimony because what we need most of all is to be convinced
+of the necessity to give time and strength and labor to win the
+individual Chinaman to Christ. Not very long ago there came to my
+knowledge in St. Louis an ordinary Chinaman, comparatively a young man.
+He joined our church and I knew <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_387" id="Page_387"></a>[387]</span>he desired to be recognized as a
+Christian man. About a year before, he had been a member of a
+Sunday-school where ladies were teaching Chinese. Before that our
+newspapers had created great outcry about a case of leprosy in the city.
+This Chinaman appeared at my house in great trepidation. He had been two
+or three years in this country, and had been saving his money in order
+to go back and see his mother's face before she would die, and he hoped
+to be able to return to China in the following fall. He had learned that
+there was a Chinaman, unknown to him, lying ill in a little laundry, of
+a disease of which nothing was known, without friends and without care.
+He took care of this man, leaving his own work for the purpose, and at
+length he came to me asking where he could get a physician to attend the
+patient. I gave him a note to one of the best physicians in my own
+church, who went at once and saw the man, and he seeing it was a strange
+form of disease, went to a specialist of skin diseases, who had the man
+brought to a hospital in order to watch his disease. Rumors of this
+reaching the newspapers, the reporters thought it a good opportunity to
+make a story about leprosy, giving the number and street of an imaginary
+laundry in the heart of the city. Instantly the patronage of the Chinese
+laundries stopped. My Chinese friend was in the greatest distress about
+it, and particularly about me, lest I should think he had brought the
+contagious disease to my house. I could hardly persuade him to enter,
+and then he told me there was no truth in the story of the newspapers,
+and asked what he should do. What was the result of the story? The
+Chinaman took care of his friend in the house and in the hospital,
+paying considerable for his care, and when he recovered sent him to San
+Francisco&mdash;in fact, spent about $180 on him, the whole sum he had saved
+to take himself home to his mother, and he did this for a man who was as
+utterly unknown to him as to you or me. He also came to me with a $10
+bill to pay the doctor, saying it was not enough, but it was all the
+money he had, and he would add to it by and by. All we want is testimony
+as to the character of the Chinese. Here was a man not converted by
+Moody or by any service, but by the ministry of an unknown Sunday-school
+teacher; as the result of that simple agency he found a charity so
+Christ-like as to do work like this. That little Chinaman brought to me
+some of his companions, asking me to do something to help them to be
+Christians, and as the result of his work a large Sunday-school is
+to-day in operation. There is abundance of such testimony, I believe, to
+be furnished throughout our land, which we should have before our heart as
+an answer to the anti-Chinese mania which now and then sweeps over this
+country. Help us to carry the gospel to these men of unmeasured
+possibilities, whom God in his mercy has brought across the seas to
+plead at our doors.</p>
+
+<p>This audience can help the Chinese in a better way than giving them
+money. That Chinaman was asked in my house the other day how many <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_388" id="Page_388"></a>[388]</span>hours
+he slept, and he said, "Two or three." "Are you ever troubled by
+hoodlums?" "Yes, every day. They break the windows. Last week they broke
+into my laundry and stole five bundles of clothes, for which I had to
+pay customers $20." "Do you get no protection from the police?" I asked
+him. He shook his head&mdash;yes, sometimes, but they were no good. The
+Chinese have the same right to life and liberty that we have, and if we
+get them that, they'll get the money fast enough themselves. We owe it
+to the Chinese that they get protection.</p>
+
+<hr style='width: 45%;' />
+
+<h3>ADDRESS OF REV. E.P. GOODWIN, D.D.</h3>
+
+<p>I rejoice that I can lift my voice at least in a word of commendation,
+if such a word seem in any sense to be needed, in the furtherance of
+this particular kind of work. I remind myself sometimes that this very
+tone of apology is a tone that ought to set some of us, as ministers and
+as brethren, to reconsidering our conception of the gospel. Why,
+beloved, suppose it were an admitted fact that for the next hundred
+years not a solitary Chinaman would be converted. What then? Do you
+imagine that that fact would absolve us from allegiance to the commands
+of the Lord Jesus Christ? You will remind yourselves&mdash;I am sure I remind
+myself often&mdash;that in respect to our Christian work, the breadth of it
+and the particular departments of it, we have absolutely no option
+whatsoever: that when our Master said to his disciples, "Go ye into all
+the world and preach the gospel to every creature," he made no exception
+of those that might have almond eyes and yellow faces, nor of those that
+might have black skins and woolly hair; that he took in, in that wide
+sweep of his omniscient vision, every nation and kindred under the whole
+sky, and that should exist until the kingdom itself should come.</p>
+
+<p>If it could be demonstrated that it required ten times as much work and
+ten times as much money to convert the Chinaman as anybody else, then
+all the more because of degradation and superstition and idolatry and
+hardness of heart&mdash;all the more must I storm the Gibraltar of that
+paganism. The Master's principle seemed to be, "Give ye them to eat."
+The fact of hunger is what lays the law upon the hearts of the
+disciples; and by so much as men are more hungered&mdash;if there be one
+nation more so than another&mdash;by so much as they are nearer to starving
+for the bread of life, by so much the more are your heart and my heart
+called upon in the name and in the sympathy of Jesus Christ, to respond
+to that cause. Those disciples of that early day might just as well have
+said, "Master, we can not feed all these ten thousand. We will pick out
+those around us, the nearest at hand. We won't touch that set of lepers
+just over there from Capernaum; we won't have anything to do with that
+other set of outcasts and vagabonds drifted in here, some of them from
+Samaria; we will have nothing <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_389" id="Page_389"></a>[389]</span>whatever to do with these wretches from
+Chorazin&mdash;gamblers and abandoned people of every sort."</p>
+
+<p>What do you think would have been his response to that sort of argument?
+I think if Peter had given him any such plea as that it would have cut
+him off hopelessly from any apostleship. There would have been a new
+band of apostles that would have been instituted then and there that
+were willing to take the Master's command, take Him as responsible for
+the authority and for the result. They knew better; they knew Him
+better; and though they had their little scant loaves that would not
+give a quarter of a crumb apiece to the great multitude, they said:
+"That is not our responsibility; ours is to obey. It is His to furnish
+when the resources fail." Brethren, that is my theory of missions.</p>
+
+<p>Do you remember the little anecdote about Francis Xavier, that before he
+went abroad as a missionary to China, while he was sleeping with his
+room-mate one night, he startled him by rising in his sleep and throwing
+out his arms with great urgency, as he said, "Yet more, oh, my God, yet
+more!" His comrade wakened him and asked him what he meant. "Why," said
+he, "I was having a vision of things in the East. I was seeing
+missionaries tortured; some of them were being burned, some of them were
+having their flesh torn from their bodies, and in many ways they seemed
+to be suffering in their testimony for Christ's sake. And as I looked,
+the tears came to my eyes, and a voice said to me, 'That is what it will
+cost you if you go on this missionary tour. Are you willing to take the
+cost?' And I said, 'Oh, Lord Jesus; yet more, yet more, if I may win
+these perishing souls.'"</p>
+
+<p>Brethren, it is the call of the hour. These people may become, in my
+judgment, pre-eminently the missionary people. They have been called the
+Yankees of the Orient. They are scattered every whither, in every
+quarter of the world. I think it ought to shame us to have less
+enthusiasm for these for whom Christ died than they of the Romish church
+in the palmiest days of its missionary zeal. God help us that we may
+stand true upon the Pacific coast and all through our land, and that for
+every missionary church abroad there may be a score and a hundred. Dr.
+Williams said, after thirty years' knowledge of the Chinese, that we
+might evangelize China from one end of the empire to the other in half a
+century if we were in earnest. God help us that we may labor and pray
+for the coming of such a day.</p>
+
+<p>Now I believe this: That, so far as the facts go, there is just as large
+a percentage of results to be shown for work among the Chinese as for
+work anywhere. Take it in our city, among some of the Chinese schools;
+take it in San Francisco, take it in China itself. I received on
+Saturday last a letter from Mr. Gray, of Hong-Kong, speaking of a young
+man who had gone out from our church as his assistant in the work there.
+Said he to me: "He is one of the most valuable helpers I could have. He
+not only <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_390" id="Page_390"></a>[390]</span>stands fast by his work, but he also seems to have spiritual
+discernment to meet the peculiar difficulties we have to encounter, and
+there are plenty of them. Here is a man, for instance, who says he would
+whip his wife to death if he should hear of her accepting Christ. There
+is another, a mother, who would let her child starve if she thought it
+was being taught the gospel of Jesus Christ. But among this people there
+is no more successful laborer that I know of than Sui Chung." I knew him
+well. He came into our Chinese Sunday-school, which is held every
+Sunday afternoon. I remember him distinctly, as giving, so far as I
+could see, clear evidence of being born of the Spirit. And I bear
+testimony to these young men now in my church&mdash;there are ten or a
+dozen of them&mdash;that, so far as I know them and so far as I have been
+able to talk with them in imperfect English or through Chinese
+interpreters, their Christian experience is as satisfactory as that of
+any others. Nay, I will say more than that. I will venture to say that
+the Chinese brethren in my church are more earnest. They sustain a
+Chinese prayer-meeting regularly every Sunday of their own accord in
+their own language, and have kept it up ever since there were enough
+of them to be united together. I frequently look in and talk with
+them; and there is one thing about these Chinese that I greatly
+respect&mdash;I never saw them pull out their watches while I was speaking
+to them. I never saw any of them going to sleep; I never saw a look in
+the face of one of them which indicated that he was not profoundly
+interested. I was in their meeting last Sunday, and I told them about
+Sui Chung. Most of these Chinese can read. Some of them are very
+fluent talkers, and some are very intelligent. I suppose we have a
+thousand or fifteen hundred in this city, and a very large proportion
+of them, they tell me, can read the Chinese Bible.</p>
+
+<p>Now, I have great respect for this people, if for nothing more than for
+their history. We have a petty hundred years of history. How many
+hundred have they? Any nation that can hold itself together for 4,000
+years&mdash;or shall I say for more?&mdash;and that to-day constitutes nearly
+one-quarter of the population of the earth, certainly deserves our
+respect. Any people that can take our own handicrafts and beat us at
+them&mdash;and they will do it in a good many directions, and make money,
+even though you may disapprove of their way of living&mdash;deserve our
+respect. Any people that can furnish diplomates fitted to stand side by
+side with Bismarck and Gladstone, and our own embassadors say that they
+can, certainly deserve our respect.</p>
+
+<p>One thing more they desire of the Christian church, if it were only a
+debt to be paid. I insist upon it, brethren, that at least Christian
+England and Christian America ought to pay back to them in missionary
+moneys at least an amount equal to that of which we have robbed them by
+the infamous opium traffic, and to-day it is people from Christian
+lands, more than anything else, who are furnishing the difficulties in
+the way of the introduction of the gospel abroad.</p>
+
+<hr style='width: 45%;' />
+<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_391" id="Page_391"></a>[391]</span>
+<h3>ADDRESS OF PRESIDENT ALBERT SALISBURY.</h3>
+
+<p>There are values even in this world for which we have no expression, for
+which we have no definite standard, and of which we have no very clear
+comprehension. They are values, none the less. But there is one standard
+of value of which I think it may be safely said the American people have
+come into a very clear comprehension, that is, of the weight of the
+working power of a dollar.</p>
+
+<p>Most of us know it by pretty thorough experience. We know what a dollar
+costs, how hard it is to get, how hard it is to keep, how little we are
+liable to receive for it when it goes. And, let me say it, I believe
+there are no people on this Western Continent who have any more exact,
+definite, clearly defined comprehension of what a dollar is, what it
+will do, and what it will not do, than the managers of our missionary
+enterprises.</p>
+
+<p>Then, it is sometimes thought and sometimes said that these men who
+conduct church work and missionary work do not know much about dollars;
+that a dollar, a thousand dollars, or a million dollars, is a very
+indefinite thing; and that they ask for a million dollars, or half a
+million dollars, with a great deal of nonchalance, as if it were merely
+a matter of asking. It is not so. When this Finance Committee indorse
+the recommendation of the National Council that half a million of
+dollars be raised for the work of this Association during the coming
+year, they do it from a business point of view, and when the officers
+and managers of this Association second this demand, they know what it
+means. They know better than anybody else in the world knows how hard it
+is to get half a million of dollars. For some years I went up and down
+through the South and West in the service of this Association. I went in
+and out of the rooms at No. 56 Reade Street, New York, and I must have
+been very dull not to know pretty well the inside workings of this
+Association. I have been among workers on the field. I know how closely
+everything is reckoned, how carefully every penny is spent; and I know
+how the demands of the work and the needs press upon the workers in the
+field, so that they look back to those rooms in New York with the
+feeling that somehow there is not a very great deal of liberality there,
+that those officers pare very closely. But these workers in the field
+have no such experience after all as the officers there at the centre of
+things. Those members of the Executive Committee, those Secretaries and
+the Treasurer, sitting there together, and facing the demands of the old
+work and the new, have rolled upon them every day a sense of the value
+of money and of the need of economy such as even the workers in the
+field can not comprehend. I have been there, I am now outside, and I am
+free to say whatever I please; and I make bold to say to you here that
+the work which is alive and growing must have the most money. Increased
+demands must cost. It is a law of nature. Now, then, when this Finance
+Committee come forward to indorse this recommendation that <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_392" id="Page_392"></a>[392]</span>$500,000
+instead of $375,000 be raised for the coming year, they do not at all
+reach the measure of the need.</p>
+
+<p>There is only one thing necessary to get this money and more. It is a
+pretty comprehensive thing. If upon the members of our churches in this
+land as clear a sense of the need of what ought to be done and can be
+done could be brought as comes to those in contact with the work, the
+money would be forthcoming. How to make our people realize the facts in
+this matter is the problem. Money will come when our people know how
+much it is needed, how profitably it is spent, and how grandly it pays
+dividends.</p>
+
+<hr style='width: 65%;' />
+
+<h2><a name="ADDRESS_OF_REV_WM_M_TAYLOR" id="ADDRESS_OF_REV_WM_M_TAYLOR"></a>ADDRESS OF REV. WM. M. TAYLOR, D.D.</h2>
+
+<p>Last Wednesday evening at the Prayer and Conference Meeting of the
+Broadway Tabernacle, one of the office-bearers of the church put this
+question to me: "Can we hope to be instrumental in the conversion of the
+Jews, so long as the present prejudice against God's ancient people
+exists among us?" And that inquiry, taken in connection with the fact
+that the Annual Meeting of the American Missionary Association was to be
+held here this week, led me to examine the Word of God, that I might
+discover what incidental light is thrown on the subject of pride of race
+by its histories and other contents, and I mean to-night to put the
+result of my examination before you.</p>
+
+<p>The first and most striking instance of its manifestation which we come
+upon in Scripture is the treatment given by the Egyptians to the
+Israelites. "Every shepherd was an abomination to the Egyptians," so
+they counted themselves superior to the Hebrews, and subjected them to
+the greatest indignities, grinding them under the harshest oppression,
+and exacting from them, by the lash of the task-master, the most arduous
+labor. But mark how their pride was rebuked and their cruelty punished,
+under the moral and retributive government of God. Their land was
+desolated by a series of plagues culminating in the death of the
+first-born, and the people whom they had oppressed made their escape
+from the most powerful empire then existing in the world, without
+themselves striking a single blow. The Lord fought for them. Each of
+these ten plagues was a Divine protest against that national pride which
+arrogated to itself the exclusive right to power, privilege, immunity
+and possession, and which met its merited punishment that day, when "the
+Lord saved Israel out of the hand of the Egyptians, and Israel saw the
+Egyptians dead upon the seashore."</p>
+
+<p>But the mention of the Hebrews in this connection may seem to some to be
+most inappropriate. Were not they, it may be asked, virtually created
+into a separate and exclusive nation, and taught to look upon themselves
+as God's peculiar people? Did not they become proverbial for their pride
+of race, and for saying on every occasion, "We have Abraham to our
+father," and were they not especially the Pharisees among the <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_393" id="Page_393"></a>[393]</span>nations?
+Now it must be confessed that all these questions must be answered in
+the affirmative, but when we widen our view and take into consideration
+the great purpose of God in the formation and conservation of the Hebrew
+commonwealth, we may see reason somewhat to modify our opinion. For the
+settlement of the Jews in Canaan and their restriction within its limits
+were not ends in themselves, but only means for the attainment of higher
+ends which were to affect the moral and spiritual condition of "all
+people that on earth do dwell." The promise made to Abraham was in this
+wise: "In thee and in thy seed shall all nations of the earth be
+blessed;" and it was for the purpose of securing the fulfilment of the
+latter part of that promise that a special and peculiar hedge was
+planted around the vine which God had brought out of Egypt. It was not
+meant to be a permanent arrangement, but was designed merely for a
+temporary emergency, until, as Paul has said, "the Seed should come" to
+bless the world with his great salvation. It cannot, therefore, be
+quoted as furnishing a universal example, or as giving any divine
+approval to that pride of race of which we have been speaking. Moreover,
+even when the Hebrews were selected by God for this purpose, they were
+told over and over again that they were not chosen for anything in
+themselves, and that they had no reason to plume themselves on the fact
+that they were chosen. And when they degenerated into self-conceit on
+the ground of their having been so highly privileged, they were finally
+cast out of the land of promise. Nor is this all. In the system under
+which they were placed by Moses, they were taught to look with
+kindliness on those who came to sojourn among them, of whatever race
+they might be. They were not, indeed, to be a missionary people, or to
+seek to induce others to settle among them, but if others came to dwell
+beside them, hear how they were to treat them: "Thou shalt neither vex a
+stranger nor oppress him, for ye were strangers in the land of Egypt."
+"And if a stranger sojourn with thee in the land, ye shall not vex him.
+But the stranger that dwelleth with you shall be unto you as one born
+among you, and thou shalt love him as thyself; for ye were strangers in
+the land of Egypt. I am the Lord your God. Love ye therefore the
+stranger, for ye were strangers in the land of Egypt." (Exodus xxii. 21;
+Levit. xix. 33; xxv. 35; Deut. x. 19). Lay these commands alongside of
+recent legislation among ourselves with reference to the Chinese, and
+then see what God must think of that blot upon our statute book in this
+age of our boasted enlightenment.</p>
+
+<p>Take, again, the account of the singular retribution that came upon the
+people in the days of David because of Saul's treatment of the
+Gibeonites. These aborigines belonged to the ancient Canaanitish tribes,
+and were so astute as to impose even upon Joshua, and to obtain from him
+a treaty on false pretenses. Still an agreement was made with them on
+the terms that they should be permitted to live in the land, but that
+they should be "hewers of wood and drawers of water for the house of the
+Lord." This contract <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_394" id="Page_394"></a>[394]</span>was faithfully observed on both sides until the
+days of Saul, who sought to slay them "in his zeal to the children of
+Israel and Judah." And what was the result? A famine lasting for three
+years, which was only removed at last by the giving up, according to the
+ancient practices of the Gibeonites, of seven of Saul's sons for
+execution. Now there is much in that old history that is difficult for
+us at this distance of time, and ignorant as we are of the customs that
+prevailed among these tribes, to understand. But no one of us can read
+it without being reminded of our treatment of the Indian tribes that
+linger among us still. Have we not broken almost every treaty that we
+ever made with them? Have we not said, unpityingly regarding them, that
+their destruction before the advance of civilization is inevitable? And
+have we not forgotten that the God of the Gibeonites lives to be the
+avenger of the Indians? If the hewers of wood and drawers of water were
+not beneath his notice long ago, think you he does not see and chronicle
+the wrongs of the Indians to-day, and shall not he render to every man
+according to his works?</p>
+
+<p>Before passing from the Old Testament to the New, I merely mention the
+fact that among the ancestors of the Lord Jesus Christ we find two
+belonging to alien races, namely, Rahab of Jericho, and Ruth the
+Moabitess, whose very presence in that noble line is a prophecy of the
+glorious truth that the Son of David was to be also the Son of man, the
+Saviour of sinners of every name and nation, the kinsman of all races,
+the brother of humanity, and that as he represents them all in his
+priestly intercession yonder, so in each of them we may see a
+representative of him here and now upon the earth.</p>
+
+<p>But now what may we learn from Christ himself in the New Testament? It
+is true that his personal ministry in the world was almost entirely
+confined to the Jews. It had to be so limited at first, if his gospel
+was to gather force for its triumphant march over the world at a later
+day; but even during his life in the world he came repeatedly in contact
+with men and women of races other than that of the Jews, and always in
+such a way as to show his sympathy with them and love toward them. I
+remind you of his long and earnest conversation with the woman of
+Samaria, at the well of Sychar, and of the fact that she was a
+descendant of that mixed nationality which sprung from the amalgam of
+those heathen colonists that were sent by the King of Assyria to take
+the places left vacant by the ten tribes whom he had carried away
+captive. I recall to your recollection, too, his eulogy on the Roman
+centurion, and his constant exposure of the contemptuousness of the
+Pharisees in their attitude not only toward the publicans and sinners of
+their own nation, but also toward Gentiles of every description. Think
+of his dealing with the Syroph&oelig;nician woman. She was a Canaanite of the
+old race, and, though at first he seemed to turn her away, yet
+ultimately he gave her all she asked and more: and even his apparently
+abrupt treatment of her in the beginning, if I read the <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_395" id="Page_395"></a>[395]</span>history aright,
+was meant to be an exposure and condemnation of the feelings commonly
+cherished toward those of her nation by the Jews of his day. No doubt it
+tested and strengthened her own faith. But we must not forget that the
+whole conversation with her was meant to teach a lesson to his disciples
+also. It was part of their training for their future life work. It was a
+portion of their preparation for carrying his gospel to all nations. And
+so he spoke out their own thoughts about the women, holding up a mirror
+before them in which they might see themselves, when he said, "It is not
+meet to take the children's bread and cast it to dogs;" and he
+ultimately showed them that she was better far than many who would have
+spurned her from their presence. So from the kindness showed to aliens
+by the Lord himself, we may learn not only to beware of this leaven of
+the Pharisees, but also to deal kindly and truly with men of every race,
+and make them sharers with us in the blessings of the gospel.</p>
+
+<p>But thus far we have not come upon any case where the difference was one
+not only of race but of color. Even here, however, we are not without
+scriptural instances to guide us. You remember that of Ebed-melech, the
+Ethiopian. Jeremiah was, by the cruelty of his enemies, imprisoned in a
+dungeon or water tank, and was sunk in the mire at the bottom.
+Ebed-melech, learning his condition, went and informed King Zedekiah of
+the real state of the case, and obtained a command to take an escort of
+thirty men with him and deliver him from the dungeon lest he should die.
+So with great tenderness the Ethiopian threw down rags to put under the
+ropes which he let down, and by which he was to soften the pressures of
+the cords under his arms as they drew him up therewith from his filthy
+prison; and after they had thus delivered him there came to the prophet
+this message of God concerning him; "Go and speak to Ebed-melech, the
+Ethiopian, saying, Thus saith the Lord of hosts, the God of Israel:
+Behold, I will bring my words upon this city for evil, and not for good;
+and they shall be accomplished in that day before thee. But I will
+deliver thee in that day, saith the Lord; and thou shalt not be given
+into the hand of the men of whom thou art afraid. For I will surely
+deliver thee, and thou shalt not fall by the sword, but thy life shall
+be for a prey unto thee; because thou hast put thy trust in me, saith
+the Lord." Here we have a kindness done by a colored man to Jeremiah,
+and a message sent from God to the colored man acknowledging and
+rewarding that kindness; but O! how many debts of that sort owed by men
+among ourselves to the colored people have been forgotten or repudiated!
+In the agony of the war, colored people fought in the ranks of the
+Northern armies; and I have heard those who have belonged to the
+Confederate side declare with tears in their eyes that the faithful
+watch kept by their colored servants over their wives and families while
+they were absent with the troops was beyond all praise. And yet in these
+days we read every now and then of colored people shot down like dogs on
+the slightest provocation, and prevented on the merest pretext from
+<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_396" id="Page_396"></a>[396]</span>exercising the rights of citizens of this free Republic, and men look on
+and do nothing. But God may say something by and by, and when he speaks
+men's ears shall tingle! We have another illustration of God's treatment
+of a colored man in the case of the Ethiopian treasurer. He was
+returning from Jerusalem, where he had been at one of the great annual
+Jewish feasts, and as he was riding in his chariot he was reading aloud
+to himself the book of the prophet Isaiah, when the evangelist Philip,
+specially sent thither for the purpose by God's Spirit, addressed him,
+and on being asked to come into the carriage with him expounded to him
+the meaning of the passage which he was reading, and preached the gospel
+from it unto him with such good effect that he was forthwith baptized on
+the confession of his faith, and afterward went on his way rejoicing to
+found that Ethiopian church which claims to this day to be one of the
+most ancient Christian churches in the world. He was a man, for he was
+moved by the truth as you and I have been, and he became a
+Christian&mdash;"the highest style of man"&mdash;to show us that, as Peter said,
+"In every nation they that fear God and work righteousness are accepted
+of him." That which is highest in any man is his appreciation and
+acceptance of the gospel! of Christ, and wherever we see that
+appreciation we have not only a fellow man but a brother Christian, to
+be treated by us as Paul requested Philemon to treat Onesimus&mdash;as "a
+brother beloved." Nor let any one suppose that there is a single race
+upon the earth that can not be so transformed and gladdened as this
+Ethiopian was. Even Charles Darwin declared that after the Patagonians
+it could not be said that any race is too degraded for the gospel to
+elevate, and so he gave new emphasis, unwittingly, perhaps, but, if so,
+all the more strongly, to the words addressed to Peter on the housetop:
+"What God hath cleansed that call not thou common;" or those of Paul in
+one of his epistles: "For there is neither Jew nor Greek, there is
+neither bond nor free, there is neither male nor female, for ye are all
+one in Christ Jesus."</p>
+
+<p>This topic is at present greatly occupying the attention of the
+Christian churches in our land. It was before the General Assembly of
+the Presbyterian Church in May last, and has been again discussed at the
+meeting of the Council of Congregational churches in Worcester three
+weeks ago, and in the Triennial Convention of the Protestant Episcopal
+Church, which has just closed its sessions in New York. I will not seek
+to criticise or to characterize the decisions at which these bodies have
+arrived, save to say that in my judgment the Presbyterian Assembly faced
+the difficulty more thoroughly, and disposed of it more courageously,
+than either of the others. But I will say that there is only one
+solution of a question of this sort. Every Christian, when he comes to
+think on it seriously, must feel that to be the case. No compromise will
+satisfy either party to it or will please God, and any settlement to be
+permanent must be in harmony with the inspired statement that "God hath
+made of one blood all the nations that dwell upon the face of the
+earth." But such a result can not be <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_397" id="Page_397"></a>[397]</span>brought about either in the state
+or in the churches merely by legislation. You can not compel either by
+physical or moral constraint the different races to meet on terms of
+social equality. No doubt you can, and you ought to see to it, that men
+of all races stand precisely on the same platform before the law and
+have the same protection from the law. But to get rid of a prejudice you
+must take a different method. You can not uproot that all at once. The
+removal of that must be the result of education and of spiritual growth.
+But when I speak of education I must add that it is not the colored
+people alone that need to be educated here. The white people of all our
+cities, whether North or South, require education as well. They need to
+be taught that the Negro is a man, for at bottom that is not more than
+half believed by multitudes. They need to be taught that the Negro may
+become a Christian, and that there are possibilities of Christian
+missionary enterprise in his race that are absolutely incalculable. They
+need to be taught to look upon the different races of Indians, Chinese
+and Africans among us as dignified and ennobled by Christ's incarnation,
+and as purchased by his sacrificial blood equally with themselves. They
+need to look upon the Christianized among them as brethren in Christ,
+and then the rest will come of itself.</p>
+
+<p>There has been great progress in these recent years toward the result of
+which I speak. The present agitation concerning the color-line, as it is
+called, is itself an indication of progress, and the day assuredly will
+dawn when men of all nationalities and names shall come from the East
+and from the West, from the North and from the South, and sit down with
+Abraham, with Isaac, and with Jacob in the kingdom of our Father. But if
+we as a Nation cultivate the spirit of the Pharisees, and continue to
+despise those who are "guilty of a skin not colored like our own," we
+may be sure that he who visited the Hebrew nation for their treatment of
+the Gibeonites will send also some nemesis on us.</p>
+
+<p>I can not but feel, beloved brethren, that in these meetings which
+to-night come to a close, something has been done to help forward that
+result which under the guidance of the Scriptures we all believe to be
+the right one. We have had a series of most delightful conferences. Now
+let us go back to our homes determined to take the seminal truths which
+have been presented to us here, and scatter them wherever we are called
+to labor. The seed may seem to be but a handful, and the soil may seem
+unpromising as the rocky mountain tops&mdash;but be sure the result will be a
+harvest that will shake like the cedars of Lebanon. And though it may
+seem a little incongruous to quote from the Scottish poet&mdash;would that
+everything he wrote were of as pure and lofty an inspiration&mdash;I will
+venture to conclude with his well-known lines:</p>
+
+<div class="poem"><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i1">"Then let us pray that come it may,<br /></span>
+<span class="i2">As come it will for a' that,<br /></span>
+<span class="i1">That man to man the world over<br /></span>
+<span class="i2">Shall brithers be for a' that."<br /></span>
+</div></div>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" /><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_398" id="Page_398"></a>[398]</span>
+<h2><a name="BUREAU_OF_WOMANS_WORK" id="BUREAU_OF_WOMANS_WORK"></a>BUREAU OF WOMAN'S WORK</h2>
+
+<h4>MISS D.E. EMERSON, SECRETARY.</h4>
+
+<p>The Annual Meeting of the Bureau of Woman's Work of the American
+Missionary Association, held on Thursday afternoon in the church during
+the session of the business meeting in the chapel, was one of unusual
+interest. Following the Report of the Secretary, there were interesting
+addresses by missionaries, and a very effective address by Mrs. Geo. M.
+Lane, of Detroit, Michigan, who presided.</p>
+
+<p>The Report and some of the addresses will be published in separate
+leaflets, and may be had by application to Miss Emerson at 56 Reade St.</p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="REPORT_OF_SECRETARY" id="REPORT_OF_SECRETARY"></a>REPORT OF SECRETARY.</h2>
+
+<p>A look backward over the twelve months since our last annual gathering
+reveals much of interest and encouragement, that should fill our hearts
+with gratitude that our woman's work has had such an influence in
+bringing light and gladness to thousands of women and children, whose
+lives have been cast in the dark portions of our Christian land. So
+large an element of Woman's Work enters into the plan upon which the
+field of the American Missionary Association is operated, and it is so
+interwoven with the entire structure of its missions, that any report of
+it as separate and distinct can be only partial. And yet with the more
+systematic organization of woman's work in the raising of funds, we have
+been able to assign special woman's work on mission ground, with most
+satisfactory results, for to have a particular school or missionary has
+stimulated the givers, and has brought courage and comfort to the
+missionaries who have been thus sustained.</p>
+
+<p>Our Woman's Work. What is it? Whom is it for? Who should do it?</p>
+
+<p>What is it? It is to take to heathen mothers and sisters here in our own
+country the glorious news of salvation for <i>them</i>; to bring the light
+and truth of the Gospel to those who are groping in the fog of
+superstition and a wrong conception of Bible truth; to plant the
+Christian school; to establish the Christian home as an object lesson;
+to show mothers how to train their children to honor and obedience, to
+mingle with the needy and helpless, and by sympathy and tact secure such
+changes in the homes as will lead to their permanent improvement; in a
+word, to follow the example of our Lord Jesus, by living and teaching
+the blessings of intelligence and godliness among those in our home-land
+for whose improvement and well-being we are peculiarly responsible. The
+American Missionary Association has ninety-four schools, and in most of
+these more women than men are engaged. It is the duty of the missionary
+teacher to avail herself of every opportunity which her relation with
+her scholars affords, either in day or <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_399" id="Page_399"></a>[399]</span>boarding school, to inculcate
+Christian truth, to warn against the evils which she finds common among
+the people, to teach by example and precept the living Word, as
+manifested in the life of Christ. The wonderful change wrought in those
+who are brought under the influence of such consecrated missionaries,
+testifies to the value of woman's work in missions.</p>
+
+<p>But who are these for whom we are peculiarly responsible, and why is
+there so especial need of <i>woman's</i> work?</p>
+
+<p>They are our eight millions of negroes, of whom probably not more than
+one-fourth may be said to have felt the corrective influence of the
+Gospel upon their lives. Perhaps only those who have come in contact
+with these people for the <i>sole purpose of helping</i> them to manhood and
+womanhood, can comprehend the tremendous incubus of bad habits, stunted
+growth, blunted susceptibilities, with which they struggle. It is
+painful to note the limitations of those even who have had the best
+advantages. Yet they are ever reaching upward, and the struggle is
+bringing out noble qualities of character, showing the possibilities of
+the race. We have had a goodly recompense for Christian labor among
+them, and does not this increase our responsibility for the
+three-fourths that are yet to be helped to a good understanding of
+themselves and their duty toward man and God? And no one will question
+that in the development of the best <i>womanhood</i> there rests the surest
+hope of the elevation of this wronged, and even now, greatly oppressed
+people.</p>
+
+<p>But our woman's work finds also its mission among the needy whites of
+the South. It seems almost incredible that there should be found, within
+thirty-six hours' ride of our Northern towns, so dotted with schools and
+churches and Christian homes, a section of our country where there have
+been in hiding, in the ravines and on the mountain sides, two or more
+millions of our American people, in gross ignorance and superstition.
+But such is the case, and as always, the women are the greatest
+sufferers. Doubtless the Negroes have the largest claim upon us, because
+of their past history, their present wrongs, and their great numbers,
+which have become so startling as to make it imperative that we yield no
+jot of advantage gained, but rather increase our efforts every year for
+their intellectual and moral improvement. Yet the work for the mountain
+whites is <i>just now</i> especially urgent. A missionary of much experience
+expresses the view, that if we can bring the forces of Christian
+education to bear mightily upon these mountain people for the next ten
+years, they will themselves become a power as our allies in the great
+battles of the future against immorality and false doctrines. A few
+weeks since I met in North Carolina near the Great Smoky Mountains a
+mother and daughter, the latter about eighteen years old. A school for
+mountain girls had been opened there, and the daughter had attended the
+last year. On entering she could not read a word, but now was in the
+Fourth Reader, and studying arithmetic and geography. The rich, soft
+color that came to her cheeks, and the kindling light of her <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_400" id="Page_400"></a>[400]</span>eyes, told
+of the brightness this school had brought into her life; this Christian
+school, for here too, she had learned the way of eternal life. Even the
+mother's eyes sparkled like stars as she looked with admiration upon her
+"learned" daughter.</p>
+
+<p>But our door stands wide open also towards the Indians and Chinese, and
+all the arguments that appeal to us so strongly for the disenthrallment
+of women in heathen lands, appeal with equal, yea greater force for the
+heathen in our own land, whom the <i>Gospel only</i> can make free.</p>
+
+<p>Such is our great and urgent call for work for woman in the field of the
+American Missionary Association. Who should do it, and how? Who but the
+Christian women of our churches, either directly or by substitutes? Some
+can go, of those who have prepared themselves for the highest and best
+quality of Christian service. They should be thoroughly trained and
+disciplined teachers, but not this alone. Every teacher should be a
+careful and intelligent Bible student, able to instruct from the word of
+God, practical and earnest, self-sacrificing and co-operative, ready to
+do what seems most necessary, even though it should not call into action
+her finest mental qualities. Let those who cannot go, send a substitute,
+but let none fail to seize the opportunity for a part in this blessed
+work, for the salvation of our country, and its protection as a
+Christian land.</p>
+
+<p>There are now twenty-six State organizations for Woman's Work in our own
+country through our Congregational Churches, which co-operate in the
+work of the American Missionary Association. Some have increased their
+contributions during the past year; others have not fallen below the
+standard they had fixed for this field, but have not made any annual
+advance. With a very few, co-operation has not yet extended beyond a
+study of our work. But a study of the field is encouraging, for a
+knowledge of the need brings responsibility to do all possible to meet
+it, and soon we trust these also will be contributing Unions. To
+facilitate the study of our field, our monthly magazine has been sent
+free to many ladies' societies, our literature has been distributed, and
+more than sixteen thousand copies of missionary letters have been
+circulated among the ladies. Would not the value of organization be
+shown in the larger flow of funds annually for a work of such pressing
+necessity as this? We rejoice that some have already demonstrated this
+value of united effort. More than one State Missionary Union,
+recognizing the importance of this work and remembering that in drawing
+upon the benevolence of all the Congregational Ladies' Societies in the
+State, it should not do a small thing, has raised the support of four or
+more missionary teachers for an entire school. And the officers of the
+Union have taken pains to stir up the pure minds of the ladies in each
+auxiliary by way of remembrance of this particular field.</p>
+
+<p>But there are those not in the State organizations, whose help we
+record, as Sunday-schools and Christian Endeavor Societies. Many such
+have during the year asked for a special object for their contributions.
+What <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_401" id="Page_401"></a>[401]</span>can the Secretary do? The particular things that can be
+accomplished with forty or fifty or seventy dollars are indeed few, but
+these sums combined may sustain a missionary for a year. So each such
+contribution is made a share of the four hundred dollars necessary for
+the purpose, and something definite is accomplished. What is it? This. A
+faithful Christian woman is sent to the field, where, in a neat cottage,
+she makes her home life an object lesson to the colored people or the
+mountain whites or the Indians for many miles around. Their homes begin
+to improve. Her day school, held in the little church near by, attracts
+not only children, but young men and women, and even young married
+people. A Christian Endeavor Society is formed. The Sunday-school and
+church take a new start under her teachings. Other Sunday-schools and
+Christian societies are maintained through her influence, and so the
+small contributions accomplish a large work.</p>
+
+<p>Private individuals also have aided us. What a blessed privilege to be
+able out of one's own income to put worthy missionaries into such a
+field.</p>
+
+<p>There has been an increase in aid rendered in sewing, a form of help
+that is very valuable in keeping our boarding schools and mission homes
+furnished, our sewing schools provided with basted work, and clothing
+ready for worthy but needy students. As with money, so with sewing, we
+could use wisely very much more than has been received.</p>
+
+<p>We acknowledge also the kindness of ladies in furnishing books and
+papers adapted to the need. The young people, especially among the
+Negroes, are acquiring a taste for reading, and with their emotional and
+excitable natures, they take readily to sensational literature, with its
+startling illustrations. A neighborhood or society collection of books
+and papers will usually contain some of such a stamp, and you maybe sure
+they will not always discriminate in favor of the most instructive
+reading. Therefore select for them as you would for your own sons and
+daughters, what is attractive and healthful, and withhold all else.</p>
+
+<p>And now we are just starting upon a new year. Four hundred and
+seventy-six laborers have been called into the missionary ranks of the
+American Missionary Association. One hundred and ninety missions are in
+operation, with their widening influence and ever growing needs. Of our
+one hundred and forty-two churches there are fifty-seven which have not
+at present any Northern missionary associated with them. The difference
+in the development of these churches, as contrasted with those which
+have the influence and help of Northern teachers, is so marked, as to
+constitute a most urgent appeal for more missionaries&mdash;faithful
+women&mdash;to gather in the young people, interest and instruct them, to
+live among them, an example of economy and thrift in housekeeping, of
+neighborly kindness, of faithfulness in church obligations and of
+consistent Christian life. I do not hesitate to affirm that in the
+field of the American Missionary Association such provision is next in
+importance to the preached word. Neither can take the place of the
+other. Either is at a disadvantage without the <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_402" id="Page_402"></a>[402]</span>other. And yet there are
+fifty-seven of these mission stations this year, <i>now</i>, without such
+beneficent woman's ministry, waiting only for additional funds, the new
+money necessary to provide reinforcements.</p>
+
+<p>I appeal to you, Christian women, in your organized capacity as State
+Unions; and as individuals&mdash;stewards to whom perchance our Lord has
+entrusted a goodly inheritance&mdash;for help to the American Missionary
+Association in this almost overwhelming responsibility. Send us the
+missionaries for these needy fields.</p>
+
+<p>I appeal to you in behalf especially of the wronged and helpless women
+and girls of these ten millions of our own countrymen, American born,
+whose only hope is in the sympathy and the help of the Christian people
+of our own land. We do not live in the day of small things, but of great
+needs and large opportunities. Surely now, if ever, is the time to
+"enlarge the place of thy tent and stretch forth the curtains of thy
+habitation. Spare not, lengthen thy cords and strengthen thy stakes,
+that thou mayest spread abroad on the right hand and on the left, and
+possess the nations of our land."</p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="WOMANS_STATE_ORGANIZATIONS" id="WOMANS_STATE_ORGANIZATIONS"></a>WOMAN'S STATE ORGANIZATIONS.</h2>
+
+<h3>CO-OPERATING WITH THE AMERICAN MISSIONARY ASSOCIATION.</h3>
+
+
+
+<div class='center'>
+<table width="70%" border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" summary="WOMANS STATE ORGANIZATIONS">
+<tr><td align="center">MAINE.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="center">WOMAN'S AID TO A.M.A.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Chairman of Committee&mdash;Mrs. C.A. Woodbury, Woodfords, Me.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="center"><br />VERMONT.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="center">WOMAN'S HOME MISSIONARY UNION.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>President&mdash;Mrs. A.B. Swift, 167 King St., Burlington.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Secretary&mdash;Mrs. E.C. Osgood, 14 First Ave., Montpelier.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Treasurer&mdash;Mrs. Wm. P. Fairbanks, St. Johnsbury.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="center"><br />MASSACHUSETTS AND RHODE ISLAND.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="center">WOMAN'S HOME MISSIONARY ASSOCIATION.<a name="FNanchor_1_1" id="FNanchor_1_1"></a><a href="#Footnote_1_1" class="fnanchor">[1]</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>President&mdash;Mrs. Alice Freeman Palmer, Cambridge, Mass.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Secretary&mdash;Miss Nathalie Lord, 32 Congregational House, Boston.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Treasurer&mdash;Miss Ella A. Leland, 32 Congregational House, Boston.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="center"><br />CONNECTICUT.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="center">WOMAN'S HOME MISSIONARY UNION.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>President&mdash;Mrs. Francis B. Cooley, Hartford.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Secretary&mdash;Mrs. S.M. Hotchkiss, 171 Capitol Ave., Hartford.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Treasurer&mdash;Mrs. W.W. Jacobs, 19 Spring St., Hartford.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="center"><br />NEW YORK.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="center">WOMAN'S HOME MISSIONARY UNION.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>President&mdash;Mrs. Wm. Kincaid, 483 Greene Ave., Brooklyn.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Secretary&mdash;Mrs. Wm. Spalding, 6 Salmon Block, Syracuse.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Treasurer&mdash;Mrs. L.H. Cobb, 59 Bible House, New York City.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="center"><br />OHIO.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="center">WOMAN'S HOME MISSIONARY UNION.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>President&mdash;Mrs. J.G.W. Cowles, 417 Sibley St., Cleveland.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Secretary&mdash;Mrs. Flora K. Regal, Oberlin.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Treasurer&mdash;Mrs. Phebe A. Crafts, 95 Monroe Ave., Columbus.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="center"><br />INDIANA.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="center">WOMAN'S HOME MISSIONARY UNION.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>President&mdash;Mrs. C.B. Safford, Elkhart.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Secretary&mdash;Mrs. W.E. Mossman, Fort Wayne.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Treasurer&mdash;Mrs. C. Evans, Indianapolis.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="center"><br />ILLINOIS.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="center">WOMAN'S HOME MISSIONARY UNION.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>President&mdash;Mrs. B.F. Leavitt, 409 Orchard St., Chicago.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Secretary&mdash;Mrs. C.H. Taintor, 151 Washington St., Chicago.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Treasurer&mdash;Mrs. C.E. Maltby, Champaign.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="center"><br />IOWA.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="center">WOMAN'S HOME MISSIONARY UNION.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>President&mdash;Mrs. T.O. Douglass, Grinnell.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Secretary&mdash;Miss Ella E. Marsh, Box 232, Grinnell.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Treasurer&mdash;Mrs. M.J. Nichoson, 1513 Main St., Dubuque.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="center"><br />MICHIGAN.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="center">WOMAN'S HOME MISSIONARY UNION.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>President&mdash;Mrs. George M. Lane, 47 Miami Ave., Detroit.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Secretary&mdash;Mrs. Leroy Warren, Lansing.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_403" id="Page_403"></a>[403]</span></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Treasurer&mdash;Mrs. E.F. Grabill, Greenville.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="center"><br />WISCONSIN.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="center">WOMAN'S HOME MISSIONARY UNION.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>President&mdash;Mrs. H.A. Miner, Madison.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Secretary&mdash;Mrs. C. Matter, Brodhead.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Treasurer&mdash;Mrs. C.C. Keeler, Beloit.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="center"><br />MINNESOTA.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="center">WOMAN'S HOME MISSIONARY SOCIETY.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>President&mdash;Mrs. E.S. Williams, Box 464, Minneapolis.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Secretary&mdash;Miss Gertude A. Keith, 1350 Nicollet Ave., Minneapolis.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Treasurer&mdash;Mrs. M.W. Skinner, Northfield.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="center"><br />NORTH DAKOTA.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="center">WOMAN'S HOME MISSIONARY SOCIETY.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>President&mdash;Mrs. A.J. Pike, Dwight.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Secretary&mdash;Mrs. Silas Daggett, Harwood.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Treasurer&mdash;Mrs. J.M. Fisher, Fargo.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="center"><br />SOUTH DAKOTA.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="center">WOMAN'S HOME MISSIONARY UNION.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>President&mdash;Mrs. A.H. Robbins, Bowdle.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Secretary&mdash;Mrs. T.M. Jeffris, Huron.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Treasurer&mdash;Mrs. S.E. Fifield, Lake Preston.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="center"><br />NEBRASKA.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="center">WOMAN'S HOME MISSIONARY UNION.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>President&mdash;Mrs. T.H. Leavitt, 1216 H. St., Lincoln.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Secretary&mdash;Mrs. L.F. Berry, 724 No. Broad St, Fremont.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Treasurer&mdash;Mrs. D.E. Perry, Crete.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="center"><br />MISSOURI.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="center">WOMAN'S HOME MISSIONARY UNION.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>President&mdash;Mrs. C.L. Goodell, 3006 Pine St., St. Louis.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Secretary&mdash;Mrs. E.P. Bronson, 3100 Chestnut St., St. Louis.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Treasurer&mdash;Mrs. A.E. Cook, 4145 Bell Ave., St. Louis.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="center"><br />KANSAS.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="center">WOMAN'S HOME MISSIONARY SOCIETY.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>President&mdash;Mrs. F.J. Storrs, Topeka.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Secretary&mdash;Mrs. George L. Epps, Topeka.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Treasurer&mdash;Mrs. J.G. Dougherty, Ottawa.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="center"><br />COLORADO AND WYOMING.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="center">WOMAN'S HOME MISSIONARY UNION.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>President&mdash;Mrs. J.W. Pickett, White Water, Colorado.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Secretary&mdash;Miss Mary L. Martin, 106 Platte Ave., Colorado Springs, Colorado.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Treasurer&mdash;Mrs. S.A. Sawyer. Boulder, Colorado.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Treasurer&mdash;Mrs. C.T. Goodell, 24th and Eddy Sts., Cheyenne, Wyoming.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="center"><br />SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="center">WOMAN'S HOME MISSIONARY UNION.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>President&mdash;Mrs. Elijah Cash, 927 Temple St., Los Angeles.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Secretary&mdash;Mrs. H.K.W. Bent, Box 426, Pasadena.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Treasurer&mdash;Mrs. H.W. Mills, So. Olive St., Los Angeles.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="center"><br />CALIFORNIA.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="center">WOMAN'S HOME MISSIONARY SOCIETY.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>President&mdash;Mrs. H.L. Merritt, 686 34th St., Oakland.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Secretary&mdash;Miss Grace E. Barnard, 677 21st. St., Oakland.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Treasurer&mdash;Mrs. J.M. Havens, 3329 Harrison St., Oakland.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="center"><br />LOUISIANA.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="center">WOMAN'S MISSIONARY UNION.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>President&mdash;Mrs. R.D. Hitchcock, New Orleans.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Secretary&mdash;Miss Jennie Fyfe, 490 Canal St., New Orleans.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Treasurer&mdash;Mrs. C.S. Shattuck, Hammond.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="center"><br />MISSISSIPPI.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="center">WOMAN'S MISSIONARY UNION.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>President&mdash;Mrs. A.F. Whiting, Tougaloo.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Secretary&mdash;Miss Sarah J. Humphrey, Tougaloo.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Treasurer&mdash;Miss S.L. Emerson, Tougaloo.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="center"><br />ALABAMA.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="center">WOMAN'S MISSIONARY UNION.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>President&mdash;Mrs. H.W. Andrews, Talladega.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Secretary&mdash;Miss S.S. Evans, 2612 Fifth Ave., Birmingham.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Treasurer&mdash;Mrs. G. Baker, Selma.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="center"><br />FLORIDA.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="center">WOMAN'S HOME MISSIONARY UNION.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>President&mdash;Mrs. S.F. Gale, Jacksonville.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Secretary&mdash;Mrs. Nathan Barrows, Winter Park.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Treasurer&mdash;Mrs. L.C. Partridge, Longwood.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="center"><br />TENNESSEE AND ARKANSAS.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="center">WOMAN'S MISSIONARY UNION OF THE CENTRAL SOUTH ASSOCIATION.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>President&mdash;Miss M.F. Wells, Athens, Tenn.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Secretary&mdash;Miss A.M. Cahill, Nashville, Tenn.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Treasurer&mdash;Mrs. G.S. Pope, Grand View, Tenn.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="center"><br />NORTH CAROLINA.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="center">WOMAN'S MISSIONARY UNION.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>President&mdash;Miss E. Plimpton, Chapel Hill.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Secretary&mdash;Miss A.E. Farrington, Raleigh.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Treasurer&mdash;Miss Lovey Mayo, Raleigh.</td></tr>
+</table></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><br /><br /><br /><a name="Footnote_1_1" id="Footnote_1_1"></a><a href="#FNanchor_1_1">[1]</a> For the purpose of exact information, we note
+that while the W.H.M.A. appears in this list as a State body
+for Mass. and R.I., it has certain auxiliaries elsewhere.</div><br />
+
+<p>We would suggest to all ladies connected with the auxiliaries of State
+Missionary Unions, that funds for the American Missionary Association
+be sent to us through the treasurers of the Union. Care, however,
+should be taken to designate the money as for the American Missionary
+Association, since <i>undesignated funds will not reach us</i>.</p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" /><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_404" id="Page_404"></a>[404]</span>
+<h2><a name="RECEIPTS_FOR_OCTOBER_1889" id="RECEIPTS_FOR_OCTOBER_1889"></a>RECEIPTS FOR OCTOBER, 1889.</h2>
+
+
+
+<div class='center'>
+<table class="receipts" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary=""><tr><td width="80%"></td><td width="20%"></td></tr><tr><td width="80%"></td><td width="20%"></td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='center'><br /><b>THE DANIEL HAND FUND.</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='center'><b><i>For the Education of Colored People.</i></b></td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='center'><b>FROM</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='center'><b>MR. DANIEL HAND, GUILFORD, CONN.</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Income from October, 1889,</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>$960.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='right'>=======</td></tr>
+</table></div>
+
+<hr class="quarter" />
+
+<h3>CURRENT RECEIPTS.</h3>
+
+<div class='center'>
+<table class="receipts" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary=""><tr><td width="80%"></td><td width="20%"></td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='center'><br /><b>MAINE, $165.76.</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Alfred. Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>11.56</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Bangor. Corelli W. Simpson. Engravings for Hospital, <i>Fort Yates, Dak.</i></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Ellsworth. Mrs. Phelps, <i>for Teachers' Home, Lexington, Ky.</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>1.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Fryeburg. Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>10.54</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Greenville. Cong. Ch., 15.55, and Sab. Sch., 12</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>27.55</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Island Falls. Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>10.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Litchfield Corners. Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>12.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>New Castle. Second Cong. Ch., to const. S.D. WYMAN and MRS. AURANUS MILLEE L.M's</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>60.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Patten. Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>15.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Portland. George C. Frye, Chemist, Medicines, val. 15.06, <i>for Hospital, Fort Yates, Dak.</i></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>South Bridgton. Cong. Ch. and Sab. Sch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>17.11</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Wells. "A Friend."</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>1.00</td></tr>
+</table></div>
+
+
+<div class='center'>
+<table class="receipts" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary=""><tr><td width="80%"></td><td width="20%"></td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='center'><br /><b>NEW HAMPSHIRE, $274.05.</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Alstead. Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>9.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Canaan. Mary A. George</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>5.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Franklin. Cong. Ch. and Soc.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>20.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Great Falls. Ladies' Home Miss'y Soc.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>10.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Hanover. Dartmouth College Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>67.20</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Mason. Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>5.30</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Nashua. First Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>20.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>New Ipswich. Proceeds of Children's Fair (2 of which <i>for Indian M.</i>)</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>10.80</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Pelham. Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>35.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Pembroke. First Cong. Soc.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>18.25</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Peterboro. Union Evan. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>31.50</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Portsmouth. "In as much Circle" of King's Daughters of North Ch., <i>for furnishing room, Girl's Hall, Pleasant Hill, Tenn.</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>30.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Raymond. Cong. Ch. and Soc.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>12.00</td></tr>
+</table></div>
+
+
+
+<div class='center'>
+<table class="receipts" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary=""><tr><td width="80%"></td><td width="20%"></td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='center'><br /><b>VERMONT, $217.20.</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Benson. Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>16.80</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Bethel. Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>2.56</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Brandon. Cong. Ch. and Soc.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>6.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Brattleboro. Center Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>81.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Essex Junction. Cong. Ch. and Soc.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>16.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Guildhall. Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>3.50</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Hubbardton. D.J. Flagg</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>5.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Newport. Cong. Ch. and Soc.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>8.50</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Sharon. A Friend, 1; "X.", 1</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>2.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Sharon. Communion Service, <i>for Jonesboro, Tenn.</i></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Springfield. F.V.A. Townsend, to const MRS. ISABELLA WATERMAN L.M.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>30.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Townsend. Mrs. H. Holbrook</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>1.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>West Brattleboro. Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>14.84</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Westminster. Cong. Ch. and Soc.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>14.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Westminster. West. Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch., <i>for McIntosh, Ga.</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>16.00</td></tr>
+</table></div>
+
+
+<div class='center'>
+<table class="receipts" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary=""><tr><td width="80%"></td><td width="20%"></td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='center'><br /><b>MASSACHUSETTS, $4,599.69.</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Amherst. First Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>30.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Andover. Phillips Academy <i>for Boys' Hall, Pleasant Hill, Tenn.</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>25.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Andover. "Pansy Band," <i>for Pleasant Hill, Tenn.</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>16.72</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Beverly. Sab. Sch. of Dane St. Cong. Ch., <i>for Student Aid, Fisk U.</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>25.12</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Boston. Woman's Home Miss'y Soc., 400, <i>for Woman's Work</i>;<br />
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;35 from Shawmut Mite Soc., <i>for Indian Sch'p.</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>435.00&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;"A Friend In Boston," <i>for Building Fund, Pleasant Hill</i>,<br />
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<i>Tenn.</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>250.00&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Woman's Home Miss'y Ass'n</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>30.00&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Dorchester. Second Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>95.87&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Mrs. Walter Baker, 30, Mr. Hardwick, 10, Mrs. Means,<br />
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;10, Mrs. Wales, 5, Miss Carruth, 5, Miss Salmon, 5</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>65.00&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;"Friends," by A.C. Hopkins, <i>for Pleasant Hill, Tenn.</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>60.00&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Harvard Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>37.40&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Mrs. Eliza Bicknell</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>4.00&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Roxbury. Highland Cong. Ch., <i>for Indian M.</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>15.00&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Ladies of Immanuel Ch., <i>for Freight on Bbl. to</i><br />
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<i>Pleasant Hill, Tenn.</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>2.00&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Im. Ch., Mrs. M.M. Graham</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>1.00&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;West Roxbury. South Evan. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>24.51&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='right'>&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&nbsp;&nbsp;1,019.78</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Brimfield. First Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>8.64</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Brookline. Harvard Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>57.38</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Brockton. Porter Evan. Ch. and Soc., to const. CHAS. H. REYNOLDS, SIDNEY E. NICKERSON and MRS. JANE B. JENNINGS L.M's</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>104.48</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Cambridge. Mrs. C.A. Phelps' S.S. Class, <i>for Pleasant Hill, Tenn.</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>10.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Cambridgeport. Pilgrim Ch., 97.14; First Cong. Ch., 1</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>98.14</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Campello. Mrs. S.A. Southworth, <i>for Freight on Boxes to Chapel Hill, N.C.</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>3.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Charlestown. Winthrop Cong. Ch. and Soc.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>66.12</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Chelsea. First Cong. Ch., 38.50; Sab. Sch. of First Cong, Ch., 15</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>53.50</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Concord. Trin. Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>22.54</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>East Cambridge. Miss M.F. Aiken, <i>for Pleasant Hill, Tenn.</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>4.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Everett. Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>39.74</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Fitchburg. Rollstone Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>80.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Framingham. Mrs. Elizabeth E. Guernsey, <i>for Mountain Work</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>1.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Franklin. Y.P.S.C.E. of First Cong. Ch., <i>for Grand View, Tenn.</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>15.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Gardner. First Cong. Ch., to const CHAS. F. READ and MRS. SETH HEYWOOD L.M's</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>60.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Greenfield. Second Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>58.95</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_405" id="Page_405"></a>[405]</span>Groton. Union Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>145.80</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Harvard. Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>15.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Haverhill. Mary Merrill, Package Patchwork, <i>for Sew. Sch., Sherwood Tenn.</i></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Holliston. "Bible Christians," 47; Cong. Ch. and Soc. 40.50</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>87.50</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Housatonic. Cong. Sab. Sch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>50.45</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Hyde Park. First Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>24.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Lawrence. Trinity Ch., <i>for Freedmen and Indian M.</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>32.19</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Lawrence. United Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>5.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Lee. "Friendly."</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>1.50</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Ludlow Center. First Cong. Ch., Ladies' Soc., <i>for Tougaloo U.</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>10.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Mansfield. Ladies' Miss'y Soc.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>10.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Medfield. Second Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>78.38</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Milton. First Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>30.50</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Middleboro. Central Cong. Ch., 46.73; First Cong. Ch., 13.14</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>59.87</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Newton. Eliot Ch., 120; First Cong. Ch., 75.08</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>195.08</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Newton Center. Mrs. Sarah C. Davis, <i>for Indian M.</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>200.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Norfolk. Union Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>5.60</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>North Attleboro. Frank Bennett, <i>for Mountain Work</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>5.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>North Brookfield. Union Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>13.18</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>North Chelmsford. Second Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>21.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>North Leominster. Ch. of Christ</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>21.43</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Northampton. A.L. Williston, 170; "A Friend," 9, <i>for Pleasant Hill, Tenn.</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>179.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Northampton. Edwards Ch. Benev. Soc.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>160.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>North Middleboro. Cong. Ch. and Soc.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>32.65</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Oxford. Woman's Miss'y Soc., <i>for Freight on 3 Bbl's. to Kittrell, N.C.</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>6.50</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Oxford. "Oxtord."</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>5.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Peabody. Second Cong. Ch., 5; West Branch of Second Cong. Ch., 2.75</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>7.75</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Reading. Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>18.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Randolph. Miss MARION BELCHER, to const. herself L.M.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>30.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Rockland. Miss Cordelia Shaw, <i>for Freight on Bbl. to Fisk U.</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>2.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Salem. Crombie St. Cong. Ch. and Soc.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>67.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Saxonville. Edwards Cong. Ch. and Soc.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>10.93</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Sharon. Cong. Ch. and Soc., 30, to const. J.W. PERRY L.M.; Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch., 10</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>40.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Somerville. Day St. Ch., <i>for Pleasant Hill, Tenn.</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>15.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Southampton. L.C. Tiffany's S.S. Class, Cong. Ch., <i>for Theo. Student Aid Fund</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>20.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>South Egremont. Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>14.06</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>South Deerfield. Cong. Ch., 34.15; Sab. Sch., 12.93</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>47.08</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>South Framingham. South Cong. Ch., (50 of which <i>for Mountain Work</i>)</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>174.54</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>South Hadley. First Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>23.50</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Springfield. Miss Carrie H. Bowdoin</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>10.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Springfield. Y.P.S.C.E., First Ch. of Christ, <i>for Pleasant Hill, Tenn.</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>5.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>South Weymouth. Miss S.B. Tirrel's S.S. Class, Second Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>4.82</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Townsend. Mrs. Ralph Ball, <i>for Freight on Bbl. to Sherwood, Tenn.</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>2.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Wakefield. Y.P.S.C.E., <i>for Mountain Work</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>3.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>West Boxford. Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>8.85</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Westhampton. Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>18.78</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Westhampton. Cong. Ch. and Soc.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>13.58</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>West Medford. &mdash;&mdash; <i>for Boys' Hall, Pleasant Hill, Tenn.</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>30.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>West Springfield. Ladies' Mission Circle of Park St. Ch., <i>for Pleasant Hill, Tenn.</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>50.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Winchendon. First Cong. Ch., 13, and Sab. Sch., 17.30</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>30.30</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Winchester. Ladies' Western Miss'y Soc., <i>for Pleasant Hill, Tenn.</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>90.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Winchester. S. Elliott</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>10.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Worcester. Mary A. and Joanna F. Smith</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>50.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Yarmouth. Rev. John W. Dodge, <i>for Pleasant Hill, Tenn.</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>50.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Hampden Benevolent Association, by Charles Marsh, Treasurer:</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Agawam</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>20.25&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Holyoke. Second</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>83.31&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;South Hadley Falls</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>9.91&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Springfield. South</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>46.30&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='right'>&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;159.77</td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='right'>&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;</td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='right'>$4,249.69</td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='center'><br />ESTATES.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Dunstable. Estate of Mary Wilson, by Wm. P. Proctor, Ex.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>50.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Enfield. Estate of J.B. Woods, by Rev. R.M. Woods, Trustee, to const. MISS CHARLOTTE A. LATHROP L.M.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>50.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Groton. Estate of Samuel C. Rockwood, by George S. Gates, Ex.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>300.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='right'>&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;</td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='right'>$4,599.69</td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='center'><br />CLOTHING, BOOKS, ETC., RECEIVED AT BOSTON OFFICE.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Kennebunk, Maine. Mrs. Mary P. Smith, Box of C., <i>for Pleasant Hill, Tenn.</i></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Campello, Mass. Mrs. S.A. Southworth, 2 Boxes, <i>for Chapel Hill, S.C.</i></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Cambridgeport, Mass. By Mrs. R.L. Snow, Box of Bedding, <i>for Pleasant Hill, Tenn.</i></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Gardner, Mass. Y.P.S.C.E., Package of Papers, <i>for Jellico, Tenn.</i></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Hopkinton, Mass. King's Daughters, Bbl. of C., val. 50, <i>for Pleasant Hill, Tenn.</i></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Oxford, Mass. Woman's Miss'y Soc., 3 Bbls., <i>for Kittrell, Ala.</i></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Rockland, Mass. Ladies' Sew. Circle of Cong. Ch., Bbl., <i>for Fisk U.</i></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Roslindale, Mass. Miss F.H. Wiswall, Box Hymn Books, etc., <i>for Talladega, Ala.</i></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Roxbury, Mass, Ladies' Benev. Soc. of Immanuel Ch., Bbl., val. 31.54, <i>for Pleasant Hill, Tenn.</i></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Townsend, Mass. By Mrs. Ralph Ball, Bbl., <i>for Sherwood, Tenn.</i></td></tr>
+</table></div>
+
+
+<div class='center'>
+<table class="receipts" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary=""><tr><td width="80%"></td><td width="20%"></td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='center'><br /><b>RHODE ISLAND, $730.96.</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Little Compton. Mrs. Antrace Pierce</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>5.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Newport. United Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>30.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Providence. Central Cong. Ch. (25 of which <i>for Girls' Hall, Pleasant Hill, Tenn.</i>and 10. <i>for Talladega C.</i>)</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>625.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Providence. North Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>44.71</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Providence. Sab. Sch. of Beneficent Cong. Ch., 25, Miss Burrows' Class, 1.25, <i>for Pleasant Hill, Tenn.</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>26.25</td></tr>
+</table></div>
+
+
+<div class='center'>
+<table class="receipts" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary=""><tr><td width="80%"></td><td width="20%"></td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='center'><br /><b>CONNECTICUT, $2,705.00.</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Berlin. Mrs. Sophia Savage, <i>for Tougaloo U.</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>10.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Bridgeport D.H. Terry, 10., L.B. Silliman, 5, <i>for Tougaloo U.</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>15.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Bristol. Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>19.27</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Buckingham. Cong. Ch. and Soc.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>3.29</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>East Granby. Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>3.65</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Ellington. Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>148.70</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Granby. South Cong. Ch., 13; First Cong. Ch., 6.12</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>19.12</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Hadlyme. Cong. Ch., 4.; Mrs. E. Geer, 1.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>5.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Hartford. Students' Association of Hartford Theo. Sem., 34.81; Mrs. Charles T. Hillyer, 30.00</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>64.81</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Hartford. D.R. Howe, <i>for Tougaloo U.</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>25.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Lisbon. Cong. Ch., bal. to const. REV. Q.M. BOSWORTH L.M.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>7.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Middlebury. Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>10.01</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Monroe. Mrs. F.A. and H.L. Curtiss</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>10.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Plymouth. Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>46.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Poquonock. Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>53.20</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Portland. First Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>6.91</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Preston. Cong. Ch. and Soc.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>15.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Putnam. Second Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>20.94</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>New Britain. Prayer Meeting Coll. Center Ch., <i>for Tougaloo U.</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>34.24</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>New Britain. Normal Class of South Cong. Ch., <i>for Student Aid, Normal Inst., Grand View, Tenn.</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>7.31</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_406" id="Page_406"></a>[406]</span>New Haven. United Ch., 268.52; College St. Ch., 10.00</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>278.52</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>New London. First Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>50.06</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Newington. Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>79.95</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>New Preston. Mrs. Henry Upson, 4; Mrs. Stanley Williams, 1, <i>for Conn. Ind'l Sch., Ga.</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>5.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Northford. Cong Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>15.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>North Madison. Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>12.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Norwich. Broadway Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>211.88</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Rockville. Union Cong. Ch. (65 of which <i>for Tougaloo U.</i>) to const. MISS LUCINDA BAILEY,
+MISS ELLEN. L. WILSON, MISS CELIA E. PRESCOTT, LUTHER H.
+FULLER and ISAAC M. AGARD L.M.'s</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>168.05</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Stamford. First Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>16.61</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Terryville. Elizur Fenn</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>10.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Thomaston. Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch., <i>for Sch'p, Santee Ind. Sch.</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>17.50</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Thomaston. Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>12.65</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Tolland. Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>5.02</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Wallingford. Mrs. Clara Beebe Darling, ad'l, <i>for Chapel, Darling Station, Fort Yates, Dak.</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>100.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Wallingford. H.L. Judd, <i>for Student Aid, Tougaloo U.</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>70.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Wapping. Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>7.27</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Watertown. Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>24.79</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Watertown. Sab. Sch. Class, by Mrs. Fred. Scott, <i>for Student Aid, Fort Berthold, Ind. Sch.</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>15.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>West Hartland. H.L. Wilcox, <i>for Conn. Ind'l Sch., Ga.</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>6.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Winchester. Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>14.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Woodbury. North Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>11.25</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Woman's Home Missionary Union of Conn., by Mrs. Ward W. Jacobs, Treas., <i>for Woman's Work</i>:</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Bridgeport. L.H.M. Soc. of North Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>50.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='right'>&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;</td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='right'>$1,705.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='center'><br />ESTATE.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Plymouth. Estate of Eliza Bull, by Ira B. Bull and Geo. M. Welles, Executors 1,000.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='right'>&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;</td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='right'>$2,705.00</td></tr>
+</table></div>
+
+
+<div class='center'>
+<table class="receipts" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary=""><tr><td width="80%"></td><td width="20%"></td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='center'><br /><b>NEW YORK, $838.67.</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Albany. "E.M.E."</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>10.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Amsterday. Mrs. Chandler Bartlett</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>2.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Aquebogue. Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>3.20</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Brooklyn. Tompkins Ave. Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>400.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Churchville. Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>31.05</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Clifton Springs. Mrs. W.W. Warner, Box of C., Val. 46.65, <i>for McLeansville, N.C.</i></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Deansville. Y.P.S.C.E., <i>for Student Aid, Avery Inst.</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>10.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Hudson. Mrs. D.A. Jones</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>15.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Ithaca. Sab. Sch. First Cong. Ch., <i>for ed. of a girl, Santee Ind. Sch.</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>35.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Jamestown. Sab. Sch. of First Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>10.39</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Kelloggsville. Miss C.L. Taylor</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>50.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Lebanon. Thomas Hitchcock, 5; Ladles Aid Soc., 5; Alfred Seymour, 5; Mrs. Servilia G. Childs,
+2; Mrs. J.H. Wagoner, 1; J.A. Head, 1; G.G. Grosvenor, 50c.; C.P. Day, 50c.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>20.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Munnsville. Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>5.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Napoli. Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>7.32</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>New Lebanon. "A Friend"</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>4.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>New York. Broadway Tab., J.T. Leavitt</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>100.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>New York. Mrs. H.B. Spelman, <i>for Student Aid, Atlanta U.</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>25.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>New York. J.H. Washburn, Pkg. of C.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Syracuse. Plymouth Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>26.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Utica. Miss Caroline E. Backus, <i>for Mountain Work</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>5.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Warsaw. Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>14.71</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Woman's Home Missionary Union of N.Y., by Mrs. L.H. Cobb, Treas., <i>for Woman's Work</i>:</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Binghamton. Helpers H.M. Soc., to const.<br />
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;MRS. J.L. MESEREAU L.M.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>30.00&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Geddes. Ladies Aux.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>5.00&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Lyssander. Ladies' Aux., to const.<br />
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;MRS. DESIRE A. FULLER L.M.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>30.00&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='right'>&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&nbsp;&nbsp;$65.00</td></tr>
+</table></div>
+
+
+<div class='center'>
+<table class="receipts" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary=""><tr><td width="80%"></td><td width="20%"></td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='center'><br /><b>NEW JERSEY, $185.00.</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Montclair. Womans' Home Miss'y Soc. of First Cong. Ch. <i>for Marshallville Sch., Ga.</i>,
+and to const. MRS. LUCIA P. AMES, MARY B. AMES and LULU AMES L.M's</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>180.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Paterson. P. Van Houten</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>5.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Point Pleasant. Rev. S.Y. Lum, Box of Books, <i>for Talladega C.</i></td></tr>
+</table></div>
+
+
+<div class='center'>
+<table class="receipts" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary=""><tr><td width="80%"></td><td width="20%"></td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='center'><br /><b>PENNSYLVANIA, $10.00.</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Cambridge. First Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>5.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Ridgway. Bible Class by Minnie J. Kline, <i>for Oaks, N.C.</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>5.00</td></tr>
+</table></div>
+
+
+<div class='center'>
+<table class="receipts" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary=""><tr><td width="80%"></td><td width="20%"></td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='center'><br /><b>OHIO, $1,706.04.</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Cincinnati. Sab. Sch. of Walnut Hills Cong. Ch., <i>for Grand View, Tenn.</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>30.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Cleveland. First Cong. Ch., 30.21; Rev. W.L. Tenney, 15; Plymouth Ch., 5.85</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>51.06</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Columbus. First Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>191.60</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Columbus. "A Friend" Box of Bedding, <i>for Grand View, Tenn.</i></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Conneaut. Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch., 20; H.E. Pond, 5., <i>for Student Aid, Fisk U.</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>25.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Fort Recovery. Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>5.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Lafayette. Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>5.50</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Lorain. "Wide Awake Soc." <i>for Student Aid, Tougaloo U.</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>3.55</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Medina. Friends in Cong. Ch., by Mrs. E.F. Leach, <i>for furnishing a room, new boarding hall, Macon, Ga.</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>50.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>North Bloomfield. Prof. F.O. Reed</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>5.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Oberlin. Second Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>68.29</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Oberlin. Rev. C.V. Speare, <i>for Pleasant Hill, Tenn.</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>50.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Oberlin. Young Ladies' Miss'y Soc., <i>for Student Aid, Pleasant Hill, Tenn.</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>25.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Oberlin. Second Cong. Ch., <i>for Jewett Memorial Hall</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>11.55</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Pittsfield. Ladies' Benev. Soc., Bundle of Carpeting, <i>for Tougaloo U.</i></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Newark. Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>10.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Strongsville. Elijah Lyman</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>10.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Toledo. First Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>50.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Wakeman. Cong. Ch. and Soc.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>5.75</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>York. Cong. Ch. to const. MILO E. BRANCH L.M.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>32.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Ohio Woman's Home Missionary Union, by Mrs. Phebe A. Crafts, Treasurer, <i>for Woman's Work</i>:</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Chagrin Falls. Aux. <i>for Miss Collins</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>7.50&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Chester Cross Roads. St. Paul's Miss. Band,<br />
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<i>for Dakota Indian M.</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>3.00&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Cleveland. First Cong. Ch., Y.P.S.C.E.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>4.13&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Conneaut. W.H.M.S., <i>for Miss Collins</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>5.00&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Hudson. L.H.M.S.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>7.16&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;"Friends"</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>24.95&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Painesville. M.S. Home Dept.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>25.00&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='right'>&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&nbsp;&nbsp;$76.74</td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='right'>&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;</td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='right'>$706.04</td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='center'><br />ESTATE.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Ashtabula. Estate of Miss E.G. Austin, by Henry Fassett, Adm'r </td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>1,000.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='right'>&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;</td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='right'>$1,706.04</td></tr>
+</table></div>
+
+
+
+<div class='center'>
+<table class="receipts" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary=""><tr><td width="80%"></td><td width="20%"></td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='center'><br /><b>ILLINOIS, $743.83.</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Atkinson. Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>10.20</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Aurora. N.L. Janes</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>10.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Buda. Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>114.86</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Chicago. Mrs. F.E. Brush, <i>for Student Aid, Fisk U.</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>104.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_407" id="Page_407"></a>[407]</span>Chicago. Ladies of South Park Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>2.50</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Crete. Phineas Chapman</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>50.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Elgin. Sab. Sch. of First Cong. Ch., <i>for Mountain Work</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>9.41</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Elgin. "A Friend"</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>5.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Elmwood. Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch., <i>for Student Aid, Fisk U.</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>3.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Mattoon. "Friends," by Mrs. A.F. Cushman, <i>for Sch'p Endowment Fund, Fisk U.</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>15.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Morrison. William Wallace</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>10.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Lawn Ridge. Cong. Ch. and Sab. Sch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>19.48</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Lee Center. Cong. Ch., <i>for Student Aid, Straight U.</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>12.75</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Marseilles. Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch., <i>for Student Aid, Fisk U.</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>9.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Payson. J.K. Scarborough</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>100.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Peoria. Miss Etta Proctor's S.S. Class, Sab. Sch. First Cong. Ch., <i>for Student Aid, Fisk U.</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>3.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Princeton. Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>11.71</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Princeton. Rev. F. Bascom, D.D., Box of Books, <i>for Talladega C.</i></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Prospect Park. Cong. Ch., <i>for Indian M.</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>20.04</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Oak Park. Young People's Miss'y Soc., <i>for Sch'p Endowment Fund, Fisk U.</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>50.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Turner. Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>3.13</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Illinois Woman's Home Missionary Union, by Mrs. C.E. Maltby, Treas., <i>for Woman's Work</i>:</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Ashkum</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>0.56&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Atkinson</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>5.00&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Buda</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>3.50&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Chebanse</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>5.00&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Chicago. Park</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>22.75&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Elgin</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>5.00&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Oak Park</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>24.00&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Peoria</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>50.00&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Rockford. First</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>15.00&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Rockford. Second</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>20.00&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Sterling</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>8.50&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Toulon</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>2.00&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Warrensburg</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>14.44&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='right'>&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&nbsp;&nbsp;180.75</td></tr>
+</table></div>
+
+
+<div class='center'>
+<table class="receipts" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary=""><tr><td width="80%"></td><td width="20%"></td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='center'><br /><b>MICHIGAN, $9,417.64.</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Detroit. Parke, Davis &amp; Co., Chemists, Medicines, Val. 17.31. <i>for Hospital, Fort Yates, Dak.</i></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Grand Rapids. First Cong. Sab. Sch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>25.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Hart. Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>6.02</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Litchfield. First Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>8.16</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Manistee. First Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>26.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>New Haven. First Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>4.11</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>South Haven. First Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>1.05</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Wheatland. Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>25.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='right'>&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;</td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='right'>$95.34</td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='center'><br />ESTATE.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Olivet. Estate of William B. Palmer, by Geo. W. Keyes, Ex. </td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>9,332.20</td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='right'>&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;</td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='right'>$9,417.54</td></tr>
+</table></div>
+
+
+<div class='center'>
+<table class="receipts" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary=""><tr><td width="80%"></td><td width="20%"></td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='center'><br /><b>WISCONSIN, $82.66.</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Beloit. Sab. Sch. of Second Cong. Ch., 11.86; First Cong. Ch., 5.50</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>17.36</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Beloit. Sab. Sch. First Cong. Ch., Sewing Machine, <i>for Straight U.</i>; 2 <i>for Freight</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>2.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Bristol and Paris. Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>24.62</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Emerald Grove. Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>6.50</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Madison. Clarissa L. Ware's S.S. Class, Birthday Box, <i>for Lathrop Library</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>0.93</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Madison. Clarissa L. Ware, Package Patchwork, <i>for Sew. Sch., Sherwood, Tenn.</i></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>New London. Ira Millerd, Sr., <i>for Lathrop Library</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>1.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Rosendale. Mrs. H.N. Clark, <i>for Freight to Sherwood, Tenn.</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>2.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>West Salem. Mrs. Anson Clark</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>2.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Whitewater. First Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>25.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Viroqua. Mrs. J.R. Casson, <i>for Freight to Sherwood, Tenn.</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>1.25</td></tr>
+</table></div>
+
+
+<div class='center'>
+<table class="receipts" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary=""><tr><td width="80%"></td><td width="20%"></td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='center'><br /><b>IOWA, $226.60.</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Atlantic. Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>9.22</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Blairstown. MRS. J.H. FRENCH, to const. herself L.M.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>30.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Burlington. First Cong. Ch., to const. LUKE PALMER, JR. L.M.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>36.50</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Dunlap. Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>13.98</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Genoa Bluffs. Boys' Intermediate and Primary Classes, Cong. Sab. Sch., <i>for Student Aid, Straight U.</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>8.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Grinnell. Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>23.25</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Marcus. "A Life Member."</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>1.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Oldfield. Highland Cong. Sab. Sch., <i>for Indian M and Mountain Work</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>8.75</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Sherrills Mound. German Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>4.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Strawberry Point. First Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>12.15</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Wittemberg. Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>9.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Woman's Home Missionary Union of Iowa, <i>for Woman's Work</i>:</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Central City. Y.P.S.C.E.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>2.00&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Clay. W.M.S.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>2.00&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Des Moines. W.M.S.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>22.02&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Harlan. W.M.S.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>1.65&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Independence. Aid Soc.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>5.00&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Lyons</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>5.61&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Miles. L.M.S., "Thank Offering."</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>5.00&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;McGregor. W.M.S.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>8.65&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Onawa. S.S. Birthday Bo</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>x6.40&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Osage. W.M.S.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>2.90&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Rockford. L.M.S.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>0.05&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Shenandoah. W.M.S.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>5.55&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Wells</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>0.50&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='right'>&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&nbsp;&nbsp;67.33</td></tr>
+</table></div>
+
+
+<div class='center'>
+<table class="receipts" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary=""><tr><td width="80%"></td><td width="20%"></td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='center'><br /><b>MINNESOTA, $93.55.</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Hutchinson. Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>13.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Lake City. First Cong. Ch., <i>for Williamsburg Academy</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>23.02</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Minneapolis. Plymouth Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>45.65</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Saint Paul. S.S. Class, <i>for Talladega C.</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>2.25</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Worthington. Union Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>4.38</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Waseca. Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>5.25</td></tr>
+</table></div>
+
+
+
+<div class='center'>
+<table class="receipts" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary=""><tr><td width="80%"></td><td width="20%"></td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='center'><br /><b>MISSOURI, $40.00.</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Kansas City. Clyde Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>40.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Laclede. Clara Seward, Package Patchwork, <i>for Sew. Sch., Sherwood, Tenn.</i></td></tr>
+</table></div>
+
+
+<div class='center'>
+<table class="receipts" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary=""><tr><td width="80%"></td><td width="20%"></td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='center'><br /><b>KANSAS, $12.00.</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Manhattan. W.E. Castle</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>12.00</td></tr>
+</table></div>
+
+
+<div class='center'>
+<table class="receipts" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary=""><tr><td width="80%"></td><td width="20%"></td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='center'><br /><b>NEBRASKA, $113.26.</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Cortland. "H.C.H."</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>5.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Cowles. G.A. Harris</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>2.48</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Hay Springs. First Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>2.25</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Irvington. Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>15.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Kearney. First Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>5.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Nebraska City. Woman's Miss'y. Soc. of Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>5.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Omaha. First Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>78.53</td></tr>
+</table></div>
+
+
+<div class='center'>
+<table class="receipts" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary=""><tr><td width="80%"></td><td width="20%"></td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='center'><br /><b>NORTH AND SOUTH DAKOTA, $113.19.</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Buffalo Gap. Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>6.25</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Buxton, N.D. Ladies' Miss'y Soc. of Cong. Ch., <i>for Mountain Work</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>80.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Custer. Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>4.10</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Lake Henry, S. Dak. Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>4.71</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Yankton, S. Dak. Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>18.13</td></tr>
+</table></div>
+
+
+<div class='center'>
+<table class="receipts" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary=""><tr><td width="80%"></td><td width="20%"></td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='center'><br /><b>WASHINGTON, $5.50.</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Roy. Mrs. Eliza Taylor</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>5.50</td></tr>
+</table></div>
+
+
+<div class='center'>
+<table class="receipts" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary=""><tr><td width="80%"></td><td width="20%"></td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='center'><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_408" id="Page_408"></a>[408]</span><br /><b>OREGON, $45.00.</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Canyon. E.S. PENFIELD, to const. himself L.M.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>30.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Forest Grove. Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>15.00</td></tr>
+</table></div>
+
+
+<div class='center'>
+<table class="receipts" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary=""><tr><td width="80%"></td><td width="20%"></td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='center'><br /><b>CALIFORNIA, $3,190.15.</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Belmont. Mrs. E.L. Reed and Miss Harriet Reed, <i>for Woman's Work</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>17.50</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Redlands. First Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>19.25</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>San Francisco. The California Chinese Mission (See Items Below) </td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>3,138.40</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Tustin. "Busy Bees" by Miss Mary Buss, 15, and Package C., <i>for Student Aid, Normal Inst., Grand View, Tenn.</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>15.00</td></tr>
+</table></div>
+
+
+<div class='center'>
+<table class="receipts" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary=""><tr><td width="80%"></td><td width="20%"></td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='center'><br /><b>NORTH CAROLINA, $43.85.</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Blowing Rock. F.W. Van Wagenen, <i>for Blowing Rock, N.C.</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>25.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>McLeansville. Rev. A. Connet, <i>for Talladega C.</i></td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>14.60</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Willmington. Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>4.25</td></tr>
+</table></div>
+
+
+<div class='center'>
+<table class="receipts" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary=""><tr><td width="80%"></td><td width="20%"></td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='center'><br /><b>TEXAS, $25.00.</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Dallas. Cong. Ch.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>25.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='right'><br />&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Donations </td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>$13,862.30</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Estates </td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>11,722.20</td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='right'>&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;</td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='right'>$25,584.50</td></tr>
+</table></div>
+
+
+<div class='center'>
+<table class="receipts" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary=""><tr><td width="80%"></td><td width="20%"></td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='center'><br /><b>TUITION, $466.01.</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Lexington, Ky. Tuition</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>171.35&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Wilmington, N.C. Tuition</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>6.00&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Jonesboro, Tenn. County Fund</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>50.00&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Jonesboro, Tenn. Tuition</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>1.00&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Nashville, Tenn. Tuition</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>192.35&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Pleasant Hill, Tenn. Public Fund</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>40.00&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Pleasant Hill, Tenn. Tuition</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>3.00&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Austin, Texas. Tuition</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>2.31&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='right'>&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&nbsp;&nbsp;466.01</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>United States Government for the Education of Indians </td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>1,017.98</td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='right'>&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Total for October </td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>$27,068.49</td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='right'>========</td></tr>
+</table></div>
+
+
+
+<div class='center'>
+<table class="receipts" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary=""><tr><td width="80%"></td><td width="20%"></td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='center'><br /><b>FOR THE AMERICAN MISSIONARY.</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Subscriptions for October </td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>$81.86</td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='right'>=======</td></tr>
+</table></div>
+
+
+
+<div class='center'>
+<table class="receipts" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary=""><tr><td width="80%"></td><td width="20%"></td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='center'><br /><b>RECEIPTS OF THE CALIFORNIA CHINESE MISSION,</b><br />
+from April 20th to October 16th, 1889.<br />
+E. Palache, Treas.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>FROM LOCAL MISSIONS.&mdash;Los Angeles, Chinese Mon Off's. 34.80. Annual Mem's and
+other gifts, 20.50.&mdash;Marysville. Chinese Monthlies, 27.80; Annual Mem's,
+6.&mdash;Oakland, Chinese Monthlies, 40; Annual Mem's, 24.&mdash;Oroville. Chinese Monthlies, 15.85;
+Annual Mem's. 34.&mdash;Petaluma: Chinese Monthlies, 10.50; Anniversary Coll., 5.75; Annual Mem's and
+other gifts (6 of which from Dea. A.B. Case) 56.50.&mdash;Riverside, Chinese Monthlies, 17.55; Annual Mem's
+15.&mdash;Sacramento, Chinese Monthlies, 36; Annual Mem's, 30.25.&mdash;San Buenaventura, Chinese Monthlies,
+14,10; Annual Mon's, etc., 31: Chinese Special Offerings, 91.85&mdash;San Diego, Chinese weekly offerings,
+86; Annual Mem's and other gifts, 53.45; J.A. Rogers, 10; QUON NEUEY, 25, to const. himself L.M.; Rev. and
+Mrs. J.B. Silcox, 10; Col. E.F. French, 5; Moses Frick, 2.50; Others. 3.&mdash;Santa Barbara, Chinese Monthlies,
+14.05; Annual Mem's and other gifts, 43.75; Pon Dan, 5; Yee Ock, 5; Gin Chow, 5; Mrs. E.M. Shattuck, 3.50,
+balance to const. REV. C.T. WEITZEL L.M.; "Lady Friend," 5; Mrs. Josiah Bates, 4; Cong. Ch., 32.25; Collection
+at Social, 10.50.&mdash;Santa Cruz. Chinese Monthlies, 36.10; Anniversary Coll., 10.80; Annual Mem's, etc.,
+63.50.&mdash;Stockton, Chinese Monthlies, 8.75; Annual Mem's. 35.&mdash;Tucson, Chinese Monthlies, 7; Annual Mem's,
+18; "A Friend," 1.35 </td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>$964.95</td></tr>
+
+<tr><td align='left'>FROM CONGREGATIONAL CHURCHES.&mdash;Bethany, (San Joaquin Co.) 4.&mdash;Byron, 6.&mdash;
+Crockett, 2.50.&mdash;Lorin, 6.40.&mdash;Los Angeles, First, Woman's Home Missionary Soc,. 43.10. Y.P.S.C.E.,
+4.50.&mdash;Murphys, 4.&mdash;Oakland. First, Annual Off's, 120.85; Fellowship Fund, 22; Sab. Sen., Primary Class,
+19.25; Mrs. H.G. Noyes, 15, "Other Friends." 25; First Ch., Market St. Branch, 5.50, Plymouth Ave. Ch., Dr. Geo.
+Mooar, 6.50; Dr. I.E. Dwinell, 5; Dr. J.A. Benton. 5; Mrs. A.B. Sargent, 5; Mrs. C.F. Whitton, 2.50; Mrs. M.L.
+Merritt, 2.50; Mr. and Mrs. F.A. Armstrong, 2.50; Others, 3.&mdash;Ontario, 47.&mdash;Redwood, 7.&mdash;Rio
+Vista, 15.15,&mdash;San Diego, Second, Rev. F.B. Perkins, 5.&mdash;San Francisco, First. Mrs. Hutchins, 5; Miss Hutchins, 1.50; Mrs. Perkins, 1.80; "Other
+Friends," 7; Third Church, 63.90.&mdash;Bethany Ch., from Americans Annual Mem's, 67.50. Mrs. H.A. Lamont, 14; "W.C.P." balance to const. REV. J.B. SILCOX
+and MRS. A.E. NOBLE L.M's, 9.50; Dr. R.B. Hall, 10; J.M. Stockman, 10; Mrs. S.C. Hasleton, 10; W. Johnstone, 5; T.S. Sherman, 5.&mdash;From Chinese Central
+Mission, Monthly Off's, 46.90; Annual Mem's, etc., 95.60; Barnes Mission, Monthly Off's 8.25; Annual Mem's, etc., 8; West Mission, Monthly Off's,
+27.60; Annual Mem's. 29; San Francisco Branch Ass'n 7.55, (25 of which from Chinese to const. REV. J.F. MASTERS L.M.).&mdash;Saratoga, 10.&mdash;Woodland, 7.70
+</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>834.95</td></tr>
+
+<tr><td align='left'>FROM INDIVIDUAL DONORS.&mdash;Messrs. Balfour, Guthrie &amp; Co., 500; Mrs. A.J. Styles,
+250.; Frank J. Felt, 50.; John Jackson, 25.; Rev. Joseph Rowell, 10. Rev. J.C. Holbrook, D.D., 10.; Mrs.
+E.G. Chaddock, 5.; Rev. and Mrs. H.H. Wickoff, 5</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>855.00</td></tr>
+
+<tr><td align='left'>FROM EASTERN FRIENDS.&mdash;Bangor, Me., Hon. E.R. Burpee, 100.&mdash;"A Friend,"
+10.&mdash;Brewer, Me., Mrs. Hardy, 100.&mdash;Norridgewock, Me., Mrs. Benjamin Tappan, 2.&mdash;North
+Conway, N.H., First Cong. Ch., 10.; Rev. R. Henry Davis, 10.&mdash;Amherst, Mass., Mrs. R.A. Lester,
+100.&mdash;South Braintree, Mass. Rev. J.B. Sewall. 25.&mdash;Marlboro, Mass., Miss H.J. Alexander,
+1.50.&mdash;New Haven, Conn., Mrs. Henry Farnum, 100.&mdash;Colebrook, Conn., Miss Sarah Carrington,
+20.&mdash;Cincinnati, Ohio, Miss L.B. Sherwood, 4.&mdash;Richfield, Minn, T.N. Spaulding, 1.</td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>483.50</td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='right'>&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Total </td><td align='right' valign='bottom'>$3,138.40</td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" align='right'>=======</td></tr>
+</table></div>
+
+
+<div class="right"><br /><br />
+H.W. HUBBARD, Treasurer,<br />
+56 Reade N.Y.</div>
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+<pre>
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of American Missionary, Volume 43, No.
+12, December, 1889, by Various
+
+*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK AMERICAN MISSIONARY ***
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+</pre>
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+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/16172.txt b/16172.txt
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--- /dev/null
+++ b/16172.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,6060 @@
+The Project Gutenberg EBook of American Missionary, Volume 43, No. 12,
+December, 1889, by Various
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: American Missionary, Volume 43, No. 12, December, 1889
+
+Author: Various
+
+Release Date: July 1, 2005 [EBook #16172]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ASCII
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK AMERICAN MISSIONARY ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Cornell University, Joshua Hutchinson, Donald
+Perry and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at
+https://www.pgdp.net
+
+
+
+
+
+
+THE AMERICAN MISSIONARY.
+
+DECEMBER, 1889.
+
+VOL. XLIII.   NO. 12
+
+
+
+
+CONTENTS.
+
+
+EDITORIAL.
+
+  OUR ANNUAL MEETING
+
+  FINANCIAL
+
+  THE DANIEL HAND FUND
+
+  THE LITERATURE OF THE MEETING
+
+  NOTICES FROM THE PRESS
+
+  THE "AMERICAN MISSIONARY"
+
+  BRIEF NOTES
+
+
+ANNUAL MEETING.
+
+  PROCEEDINGS OF ANNUAL MEETING
+
+  SUMMARY OF TREASURER'S REPORT
+
+  THE AMERICAN MISSIONARY ASSOCIATION--ITS PLACE AND WORK.
+  BY SECRETARY STRIEBY
+
+  THE MISSIONARY VIEW OF THE SOUTHERN SITUATION.
+  BY SECRETARY BEARD
+
+  REPORTS OF COMMITTEES
+
+  ADDRESSES ON THESE REPORTS, BY MESSRS. WRIGHT, WOODBURY, TAYLOR, HIATT,
+  FISK, FOSTER, RIGGS, STIMSON, GOODWIN, AND SALISBURY
+
+  CLOSING ADDRESS BY REV. DR. TAYLOR
+
+
+BUREAU OF WOMAN'S WORK.
+
+  REPORT OF SECRETARY
+
+  WOMAN'S STATE ORGANIZATIONS
+
+
+RECEIPTS
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+NEW YORK:
+
+PUBLISHED BY THE AMERICAN MISSIONARY ASSOCIATION.
+
+Rooms, 56 Reade Street.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+Price, 50 Cents a Year, in Advance.
+
+Entered at the Post Office at New York, N.Y., as second-class matter.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+American Missionary Association
+
+
+PRESIDENT, Rev. WM. M. TAYLOR, D.D., LL.D., N.Y.
+
+
+_Vice-Presidents._
+
+  Rev. A.J.F. BEHRENDS, D.D., N.Y.
+  Rev. F.A. NOBLE, D.D., Ill.
+  Rev. ALEX. McKENZIE, D.D., Mass.
+  Rev. D.O. MEARS, D.D., Mass.
+  Rev. HENRY HOPKINS, D.D., Mo.
+
+
+_Corresponding Secretaries._
+
+  Rev. M.E. STRIEBY, D.D., _56 Reade Street, N.Y._
+  Rev. A.F. BEARD, D.D., _56 Reade Street, N.Y._
+
+
+_Recording Secretary._
+
+  Rev. M.E. STRIEBY, D.D., _56 Reade Street, N.Y._
+
+
+_Treasurer._
+  H.W. HUBBARD, Esq., _56 Reade Street, N.Y._
+
+
+_Auditors._
+
+  PETER McCARTEE.
+  CHAS. P. PEIRCE.
+
+
+_Executive Committee._
+
+  JOHN H. WASHBURN, Chairman.
+  ADDISON P. FOSTER, Secretary.
+
+
+  _For Three Years._
+
+  S.B. HALLIDAY,
+  SAMUEL HOLMES,
+  SAMUEL S. MARPLES,
+  CHARLES L. MEAD,
+  ELBERT B. MONROE.
+
+
+  _For Two Years._
+
+  J.E. RANKIN,
+  WM. H. WARD,
+  J.W. COOPER,
+  JOHN H. WASHBURN,
+  EDMUND L. CHAMPLIN.
+
+
+  _For One Year._
+
+  LYMAN ABBOTT,
+  CHAS. A. HULL,
+  CLINTON B. FISK,
+  ADDISON P. FOSTER,
+  ALBERT J. LYMAN.
+
+
+_District Secretaries._
+
+  Rev. C.J. RYDER, _21 Cong'l House, Boston._
+  Rev. J.E. ROY, D.D., _151 Washington Street, Chicago._
+  Rev. C.W. HIATT, _64 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio._
+
+
+_Financial Secretary for Indian Missions._
+
+  Rev. CHAS. W. SHELTON.
+
+
+_Field Superintendent._
+
+  Rev. FRANK E. JENKINS.
+
+
+_Secretary of Woman's Bureau._
+
+  Miss D.E. EMERSON, _56 Reade St., N.Y._
+
+
+COMMUNICATIONS
+
+Relating to the work of the Association may be addressed to the
+Corresponding Secretaries; letters for "THE AMERICAN MISSIONARY," to the
+Editor, at the New York Office; letters relating to the finances, to the
+Treasurer.
+
+
+DONATIONS AND SUBSCRIPTIONS
+
+In drafts, checks, registered letters, or post-office orders, may be
+sent to H.W. Hubbard, Treasurer, 56 Reade Street, New York, or, when
+more convenient, to either of the Branch Offices, 21 Congregational
+House, Boston, Mass., or 151 Washington Street, Chicago, Ill. A payment
+of thirty dollars at one time constitutes a Life Member.
+
+NOTICE TO SUBSCRIBERS.--The date on the "address label" indicates the
+time to which the subscription is paid. Changes are made in date on
+ladle to the 10th of each month. If payment of subscription be made
+afterward, the change on the label will appear a month later. Please
+send early notice of change in post-office address, giving the former
+address and the new address, in order that our periodicals and
+occasional papers may be correctly mailed.
+
+
+FORM OF A BEQUEST.
+
+"I bequeath to my executor (or executors) the sum of ---- dollars, in
+trust, to pay the same in ---- days after my decease to the person who,
+when the same is payable, shall act as Treasurer of the 'American
+Missionary Association,' of New York City, to be applied, under the
+direction of the Executive Committee of the Association, to its
+charitable uses and purposes." The Will should be attested by three
+witnesses.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+THE AMERICAN MISSIONARY.
+
+
+VOL. XLIII.      DECEMBER, 1889.       NO. 12
+
+
+American Missionary Association.
+
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+OUR ANNUAL MEETING.
+
+We return from our Annual Meeting held in Chicago with a deep sense of
+gratitude to God and to the many friends who in various ways helped to
+make it one of the most pleasant and profitable of our anniversaries. We
+did not have the remarkable uplift of a munificent gift like that of Mr.
+Daniel Hand, which made our meeting at Providence so memorable, but we
+had, in the strength and appropriateness of the sermon, and in the
+ability of the addresses, papers and reports, that which will render
+this meeting a cheering landmark in our history.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+FINANCIAL.
+
+$500,000 FOR 1889-90.
+
+Our financial exhibit, with the able report upon it, was one of the
+encouraging features of our Annual Meeting. The report of the Treasurer
+announced the gratifying fact that the books closed with all obligations
+and indebtedness paid, and with a balance on hand of over $4,000. The
+able Finance Committee gave a careful examination of the Treasurer's
+books and papers, and made very commendatory report as to methods and
+accuracy.
+
+The National Council, at its meeting in Worcester, recommended that the
+churches contribute to the Association for the coming year $500,000. The
+Finance Committee after careful examination of the needs of the work
+endorsed the recommendation of the Council, and the Association heartily
+adopted the report. This sum, therefore, is what, in the judgment of
+competent persons, is imperatively needed; and we, therefore, take
+pleasure in going before our constituents, appealing for that amount.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+THE DANIEL HAND FUND.
+
+This noble gift, which awakened such enthusiasm at our annual meeting
+one year ago, came with its echo of work well done during the year--an
+echo which we trust will reverberate with steady force through all the
+years to come. In the Treasurer's report the figures were given as to
+the appropriations made from the income of this Fund during the year; in
+the General Survey cheering statements were made as to the many pupils
+it had stimulated to industry and education, and the buildings it had
+erected; and in several of the papers and addresses, grateful mention
+was made of the benefits conferred by it. We trust that other large
+givers may be stimulated to follow in the footsteps of one who has so
+wisely invested his money for the uplifting of the most needy in our
+land.
+
+A recent letter from Mr. Hand shows his deep solicitude that his gift
+shall be used for the highest moral and religious purposes. He says: "I
+have feared that the teachers might be more concerned for letters than
+for morals. My bequest was given to you chiefly as a religious society.
+Religion is the first, chiefest and best of it all."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+THE LITERATURE OF THE MEETING.
+
+This presents a genuine case of the embarrassment of riches. We never
+had better. We wish all our friends might have the opportunity for the
+careful study of it, for it is worth their time and attention.
+
+Full reports of the proceedings were made daily in the _Chicago Inter
+Ocean_. They were all gathered into a supplement, and have already been
+widely scattered. Some copies are still on hand at our offices in New
+York, Boston, Cleveland and Chicago, and can be had on application.
+
+The annual sermon, as usual, will be printed with the Annual Report.
+This number of the MISSIONARY (an enlarged number) will contain the
+Minutes and the official papers, including reports and the speeches upon
+them, (the latter necessarily somewhat abridged) Secretaries' papers,
+and the closing address of Rev. Dr. Taylor. Other papers and addresses,
+including the Representative Addresses, will be published hereafter as
+far as practicable in subsequent numbers of the MISSIONARY or in some
+other form.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+NOTICES FROM THE PRESS.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+FROM THE ADVANCE.
+
+No meeting of the American Missionary Association has ever been better
+than this last one. Dr. William M. Taylor, who with such consummate
+felicity combines so many of the best characteristics of the Scotch, the
+English and the Yankee, presided. The topics of the several papers and
+addresses, though covering a large range of thought all converged to the
+same main point, and were especially pertinent to the hour. Those who
+had been invited to prepare papers showed, by the manifest pains they
+took with them, their sense of the importance of the occasion. They
+brought the results of their best and most earnest thinking. And it is
+rare that such speakers are confronted by a more earnest, intelligent
+and sympathetic audience.
+
+The meeting was a good one in every respect; it is not easy to
+overestimate either its delightfulness or its moral power. It is not
+possible for a great society to place before itself a more eminently
+Christlike purpose. It has been greatly honored of God in its results
+thus far. And no decently intelligent history of America will ever fail
+to note the vital and decisively critical part which, in the Providence
+that overrules all history, has been given to this so timely and so
+sagaciously Christian organization to take in preparing the various
+despised races of America for good citizenship in our common country, so
+that Negro, Indian, Chinaman and whatever other race representatives are
+among us may sing in glorious unison: "My country 'tis of thee, sweet
+land of liberty!"
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+FROM THE CONGREGATIONALIST.
+
+The Annual Meeting in Chicago was remarkable in many respects. All the
+sessions were good. There was no talking against time. There were no
+displays of eloquence. No one spoke for effect. The ruling desire seemed
+to be to get at the facts, and to learn the lessons which they teach.
+
+Subjects were carefully grouped together, so that at the close of the
+meeting one felt that the fourfold character of the work of the
+Association had been fully and intelligently presented. Speeches were
+almost entirely by those whose names were on the programme, and who,
+therefore, had given time and thought to the matters on which they had
+been invited to enlighten others. Every one came with the idea that he
+_might_ speak, that he had the liberty of the floor, and yet few cared
+to use this liberty. Debate is good, but on matters which concern the
+treatment of more than ten millions of people--eight of Negroes, two of
+mountain whites, besides Indians and Chinese--extempore addresses are
+not the best use of time. As a result of this preparation, Wednesday,
+the day when most of the papers were read, will compare favorably with
+the best days of the American Board. The ability of the younger men in
+our denomination was conspicuous. None of our great benevolent
+enterprises will suffer in their hands.
+
+While there was great seriousness, there was also evident hopefulness,
+and an unshaken confidence in the power of the gospel to remove all the
+difficulties in the race problem, the Indian and the Chinese questions,
+and in the treatment of the Mountain Whites. While a unit in sentiment
+as to the importance of the school, the convention seemed to be equally
+a unit as to the importance of making it a missionary school, and of
+keeping it in closest union with the church. The conviction seemed to
+prevail that to separate the one from the other would, in the highest
+degree, be unfortunate. It was evident, furthermore, that the work of
+the Association has only just begun, that no backward step can be taken,
+and that the churches ought to give larger sums for the support of the
+Association year by year. It deserves, and will reward, their confidence
+and generosity.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+FROM THE CHRISTIAN UNION.
+
+The Annual Meeting of the American Missionary Association, held in
+Chicago last week, and of which a full account will be found elsewhere,
+brought out anew the directness and energy with which this society is
+bringing its aid to the solution of some of the most immediate and
+perplexing problems in this country. The Negro, the Indian and the
+Chinese are the especial objects of its care, and it has rendered
+immense service to these races in this country, not only by its direct
+answer to the appeal for help which comes, consciously or unconsciously,
+from all of them, but by its educational influence upon the country at
+large. The importance of the race question in the South cannot be
+overstated, and it is a question the very gravity of which makes all
+partisanship on either side the gravest offense against the welfare of
+the country. The American Missionary Association, planting itself
+resolutely on the principle of equal justice to all races on our
+continent, and holding firmly to the method of Christian education,
+holds distinct leadership in the only direction which can bring
+permanent peace and safety. There is no missionary work in the world so
+urgent and so important as that among the Negroes of the South. It is
+not often that the work of a great Association is so plainly marked,
+commends itself so thoroughly to the support of the country, and
+converges so directly upon those things which are most urgent in their
+demand upon the best thought of the best citizens, as the work of the
+American Missionary Association.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+FROM THE INDEPENDENT.
+
+The meeting of the American Missionary Association in Chicago had no
+debated question to excite difference. All agree that the meeting was
+one of the most earnest and effective in the history of the Association.
+Beginning with the opening sermon of Dr. Meredith, and closing with the
+address of Dr. Taylor, all the reports and addresses were thoughtful and
+pertinent. Some of the papers on special topics were of a very high
+order, and it may not be invidious to name the remarkable paper by
+Colonel Keating, of Memphis, Tenn., which places him alongside of Drs.
+Curry and Haygood among the leaders of thought in creating the true New
+South.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+FROM THE HARTFORD COURANT.
+
+No society in all this country of societies is doing nobler or more
+useful work than the one which has been holding its yearly meeting this
+week in the city of Chicago; none more thoroughly deserves the favor and
+sympathy (expressing itself in dollars) of the public.
+
+Look at a few eloquent figures. This American Missionary Association,
+not yet fifty years old, has one hundred and thirteen missionaries at
+work among the Negroes, the sadly neglected white mountaineers and the
+newly arrived immigrants in the Southern States. It has established and
+maintains there one hundred and thirty-six churches; also five chartered
+institutions of learning, eighteen normal and graded schools, and
+thirty-seven common schools, served by two hundred and sixty
+instructors. Among the Indians it has half a dozen churches and three
+times that number of schools, sixty-eight missionaries and teachers;
+among the Chinese in this country, sixteen schools, thirty-five
+missionaries and teachers. Its expenditures during the year footed up a
+little over $366,000--a little over a thousand dollars a day. What a
+work these figures represent, not merely for the Christian religion, but
+for civilization, for morals, for good citizenship!
+
+The American Missionary Association ought to have at least half a
+million dollars to work with, this year, and Hartford should show well
+up toward the top in the list of contributors.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+"THE AMERICAN MISSIONARY."
+
+The rich treat which this number of the MISSIONARY presents may well
+suggest the privilege and duty not only of reading, but also of
+circulating it. Let each reader possess himself of these important facts
+and figures--these broad views as to the great work laid on the hearts
+of American patriots and Christians--and then hand the magazine to some
+neighbor. Let us suggest farther, that the MISSIONARY, in its monthly
+issues, is full of the same sort of facts and thoughts, and should be
+more widely read--it should have a _larger list of paying subscribers_.
+Please read the subjoined letter from a converted Chinaman and then "go
+and do thou likewise."
+
+     LOS ANGELES, CAL., Sept. 25, 1889.
+
+     _Dear American Missionary:_
+
+     I am sorry to say that I have utterly forgotten to pay you
+     for the _American Missionary_ for the year 1889. Now I beg
+     your pardon for that. You know I have used to send the money
+     through our pastor Dr. Pond, but since I had left San
+     Francisco visiting missions in different towns and cities
+     and therefore the _American Missionary_ did not reached me
+     while I am away from Los Angeles, so my attention of paying
+     for it was dropped from that point. Now I sent you _one
+     dollars_ including a new subscriber, our brother Jue King.
+     While I am writing this note another brother came in who
+     wish to get one also, and therefore have to send you $1.50,
+     one dollar & 50 cents. This brother name Leung Chow, Los
+     Angeles. Address Jue King's to the same P.O. Box as mine and
+     oblige. God bless the American Missionary.
+
+     Respectfully yours,
+
+     LOO QUONG.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+BRIEF NOTES.
+
+REV. C.J. RYDER, DISTRICT SECRETARY.
+
+A little swarm of "Busy Bees," in Dover, N.H., have been making honey
+for the needy children in one of the missions of our Association. Their
+gift, amounting to sixty-five dollars, has been used to furnish a
+Reference Library for the school at Wilmington, N.C. Special rates were
+kindly given us on books by the Congregational Sunday-school and
+Publishing Society and other firms in Boston, so that this sixty-five
+dollars furnished a number of very useful books. Have not these "Busy
+Bees" in New Hampshire set a good example to other children's societies?
+
+Speaking of the Sunday-school and Publishing Society reminds me of two
+things. The first is the kindly interest and generous help of that
+society in the work being done by the Association in various fields.
+Literature is abundantly supplied from their press, and in some
+instances they have sent colporteurs and missionaries into the various
+fields, who do a grand good work.
+
+The other thing suggested by reference to this society is a queer
+contribution which was brought in to Mr. Hall, a missionary of the
+Association at Fort Berthold, Dakota. I chanced to be there when it was
+brought in. Mr. Hall had told the Indian boys and girls of the useful
+work done by the Sunday-school and Publishing Society in different parts
+of the land. It has always been the policy of the Association, as our
+friends know, to present the other Congregational Societies in our
+missions, and distribute the small gifts which it is possible for these
+poor people to give, among the different societies and not absorb it all
+in the Association. These Indian boys had not money to give to the
+Sunday-school Society, but they saw a premium offered for killing
+gophers. They are a mischievous little animal, devouring a large amount
+of wheat, corn and other grain every year. The farmers pay two cents for
+each dead gopher. The proof that the gopher has been killed is his tail.
+Now these little Indian boys had been so interested in the story told of
+the work being done by the Sunday-school Society, that they spent their
+Saturday afternoon holiday snaring gophers. They brought the tails in
+the envelopes of the society, as their contribution. I took some of the
+envelopes, paying two cents apiece for each tail and brought them East
+with me. On one envelope I found the following: "Richard Fox, one tail."
+What could be more appropriate!
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+Another of our District Secretaries not long since took a cup of coffee
+at a lunch counter kept by a colored man in Northern Ohio. After paying,
+he spoke of the work of the American Missionary Association. The colored
+man's face lit up at once.
+
+"Are you in that work?"
+
+"Yes, I am."
+
+"Take back that fifteen cents, sir."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+FORTY-THIRD ANNUAL MEETING
+
+OF THE
+
+American Missionary Association.
+
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+The Forty-third Annual Meeting of the American Missionary Association
+convened in the New England Congregational Church of Chicago, Ill., on
+Tuesday, October 29, 1889, at 3 o'clock P.M.
+
+The Association was called to order by the President, Rev. William M.
+Taylor, D.D. The hymn, "I love thy kingdom, Lord," was sung, after which
+the President read the thirty-fifth chapter of Isaiah and led the
+Association in prayer.
+
+Dr. Norman Seaver, supplying temporarily the pulpit of the New England
+Church, welcomed the Association, and was responded to by Dr. Taylor.
+
+Rev. N.A. Millerd and Rev. E.N. Andrews were appointed tellers, and
+while the roll was being made out, Secretary A.F. Beard read the portion
+of the Constitution relating to membership in the Association. Rev. J.C.
+Armstrong, of Illinois, was elected Secretary, and Rev. E.S. Williams,
+of Minnesota, Assistant Secretary.
+
+The President was instructed to appoint a Nominating Committee.
+
+The Treasurer, H.W. Hubbard, Esq., presented his annual report with
+schedules and the certificates of the auditors. The report was accepted
+and referred to the Committee on Finance.
+
+Field Superintendent Rev. Frank E. Jenkins read the General Survey of
+the Executive Committee. The document was accepted and the parts were
+referred to the special committees to be appointed.
+
+The President appointed the Nominating Committee as follows: Rev. G.S.F.
+Savage, D.D., Rev. H.P. Higley, D.D., Rev. A.W. Archibald, Rev. A.B.
+Allen and Rev. A.C. Hodges.
+
+The Association was led by Secretary Strieby in a concert of prayer with
+the workers in the field, Rev. Flavel Bascom, D.D., District Secretary
+Roy and many others participating, by remarks or prayers, in the
+exercises.
+
+The Nominating Committee reported the following committees, which were
+appointed:
+
+_Committee on Business._--Rev. G.H. Ide, D.D., Rev. C.R. Bruce, Rev.
+M.W. Montgomery, Rev. D.P. Breed, Rev. E.M. Williams.
+
+_Committee on Finance._--F.J. Lamb, Esq., J.H. Moore, Esq., Pres. David
+Beaton, Pres. Albert Salisbury and Rev. W.S. Rugby.
+
+_Committee of Arrangements._--Rev. Norman Seaver, D.D., Wm. Dickinson,
+Esq., Wm. H. Bradley, Esq., O.B. Green, Esq., Rev. F.A. Noble, D.D.,
+J.H. Hollister, M.D., District Secretary J.E. Roy.
+
+
+EVENING SESSION.
+
+The exercises Tuesday evening opened with a selection by the quartette
+choir of the New England Church.
+
+The Association was called to order by President Taylor, and Rev. W.B.
+Wright, D.D., read the Scripture and led in prayer. "Watchman, tell us
+of the night," was then sung, after which Rev. R.R. Meredith, of New
+York, preached the Annual Sermon, from Isaiah xlii, 1-4.
+
+The sermon was followed by the administration of the Lord's Supper. The
+following named persons officiated at the service: Ministers: Rev. H.P.
+Higley, D.D., Rev. Graham Taylor, D.D. Deacons: S.D. Hastings, W.H.
+Bradley, Wm. Dickinson, C.F. Gates, H.W. Hubbard and Chauncey Collom.
+
+At the close of the communion service, adjournment was taken to
+Wednesday at 8 A.M.
+
+The benediction was pronounced by President Taylor.
+
+
+WEDNESDAY MORNING.
+
+The prayer-meeting from 8 to 9 o'clock was led by President E.D. Eaton.
+At 9 o'clock, President Eaton was called to the chair temporarily, and
+was succeeded by the Vice-President of the Association, Rev. F.A. Noble,
+D.D.
+
+The minutes of the previous day were read and approved.
+
+The President, Dr. Taylor, then resumed the chair.
+
+The Nominating Committee reported the following special committees, who
+were appointed:
+
+_Committee on the Chinese._--Rev. H.A. Stimson, D.D., Rev. E.P. Goodwin,
+D.D., Rev. Wm. Walker, Rev. J.G. Aikman, D.J. Pike, Esq.
+
+_Committee on the Indians._--Rev. A.P. Foster, D.D., Gen. C.H. Howard,
+Rev. Clinton Douglass, Rev. C.V. Spear.
+
+_Committee on Educational Work._--Rev. W.B. Wright, D.D., Rev. F.P.
+Woodbury, D.D., Rev. Amos Dresser, Rev. H.M. Tupper, Rev. F.A. Ragland.
+
+_Committee on Church Work._--Rev. Graham Taylor, D.D., Rev. Warren F.
+Day, Rev. L.B. Maxwell, S.D. Hastings, Esq., O. Davidson, Esq.
+
+_Committee on Mountain Work._--Rev. D.M. Fisk, D.D., Rev. S.E. Lathrop,
+Rev. S.A. Norton, Rev. E.P. South, Rev. W.E. Barton, Robert F. Wheeler,
+Esq.
+
+A paper on "The American Missionary Association, its Place and Work,"
+was read by Secretary M.E. Strieby, and referred to a committee to be
+appointed.
+
+Following this, Secretary A.F. Beard read a paper on "The Missionary
+View of the Southern Situation," which was referred also to a committee
+to be appointed.
+
+The report of the Committee on the Chinese Work was presented by Rev.
+Henry A. Stimson, D.D. and accepted, and an address was made by Rev. E.
+P. Goodwin, D.D.
+
+The Nominating Committee nominated the following special committees, who
+were appointed:
+
+_Committee on Secretary Strieby's Paper._--Prof. G.B. Willcox, D.D.,
+Rev. J.F. Dudley, D.D., Rev. E.D. Hill, D.D., Rev. Flavel Bascom, D.D.,
+Rev. C.W. Camp, Rev. W.L. Tenney, Rev. J.E. Snowden.
+
+_Committee on Secretary Beard's Paper._--Rev. H.M. Tenney, D.D., Rev.
+C.O. Brown, D.D., Rev. E.M. Williams, Rev. E.F. Williams, D.D., Rev.
+Calvin Keyser, Deacon G.N. Palmer.
+
+Right Rev. H.B. Whipple, of Minnesota, then addressed the Association on
+"The Future of the Indian in our Country."
+
+After which, remarks were made on the Chinese question by Dr. H.A.
+Stimson and Rev. M.F. Sargent.
+
+After announcements of committees and programme for the afternoon,
+President Taylor pronounced the benediction, and recess was taken until
+2 o'clock P.M.
+
+
+WEDNESDAY AFTERNOON.
+
+The Association was called to order by Vice-President Noble. "Saviour,
+visit thy plantation," was sung, after which Dr. Noble conducted the
+devotional exercises for a half hour.
+
+A paper on "The Future of the Negro in our Country," was read by Rev.
+C.H. Richards, D.D., of Wisconsin, and referred to the Executive
+Committee with power to publish.
+
+Rev. C.F. Thwing, D.D., unable to be present as announced, forwarded
+his address for the use of the Secretaries of the Association.
+
+Rev. A.P. Foster, D.D., presented the report of the Committee on the
+Indian Work.
+
+Addresses were then made by Rev. T.L. Riggs, of Oahe, and Rev. C.W.
+Shelton, Financial Secretary for Indian Missions.
+
+After singing, "Sow in the morn thy seed," the Association was addressed
+by Rev. W.B. Wright, D.D., on the Educational Work, presenting the
+report of the committee and speaking in its behalf. Rev. F.P. Woodbury,
+D.D., spoke also on the same topic.
+
+After announcements, Dr. Noble pronounced the benediction, and the
+Association took a recess until 7:30 P.M.
+
+
+WEDNESDAY EVENING.
+
+The Association was called to order by Secretary Strieby, who invited
+E.W. Blatchford, Esq., of Illinois, to preside during the evening in the
+absence of President Taylor. Professor G.B. Willcox led the Association
+in prayer.
+
+On being introduced by Secretary Strieby as representing the American
+Board, Mr. Blatchford said:
+
+"I have no authority from the American Board to convey to you any
+special message; and yet I know that they will be glad to have me
+express to you their sentiments of sympathy with you in your work. The
+work is one. In carrying forward the work of the American Board and the
+American Missionary Association we are obeying the same command of our
+Lord: Go ye into all the world and disciple all. We are inspired by the
+same prophetic promises, that the time will come when this world shall
+obey the command of God as it is obeyed in heaven. In fact, this
+gathering is in itself a type of the unity of this work; for as I look
+around me I see brethren and sisters representing the different
+societies in which we are all interested. I see them here from the New
+West Commission; I see the workers and representatives of our Home
+Missionary Society; I see, of course, many representatives of the
+American Missionary Association, and those deeply interested in the work
+of our American Board. So that we have here in this very meeting an
+illustration of these words of the Apostle: 'One Lord, one faith, one
+baptism.'"
+
+Mrs. J.J.M. Angear, in charge of a Chinese Sunday-school in the First
+Congregational Church, Chicago, spoke of her work, her Chinese choir
+singing "Stand up for Jesus," and later a verse of "Sweet By and By," in
+both English and Chinese.
+
+Representative addresses then followed, Mr. Chin Kue speaking for the
+Chinese, Mrs. Elizabeth Winyan for the Indians, Rev. T.L. Riggs
+interpreting, and Rev. Mr. McClellan for the Negro. A verse of "Shall we
+whose souls are lighted," was sung, after which Rev. W.E. Barton spoke
+of the Mountain Whites.
+
+President Eaton's paper was deferred, owing to the lateness of the hour.
+
+After Secretary Strieby had led the Association in prayer and pronounced
+the benediction, recess was taken until Thursday morning at 8:30 A.M.
+
+
+THURSDAY MORNING.
+
+Devotional exercises from 8:30 to 9 o'clock were conducted by Rev. E.S.
+Hill. Vice-President Noble called the Association to order.
+
+The minutes of the previous day were read and approved.
+
+A letter to Secretary Strieby from Col. J.M. Keating, of Tennessee, on
+the "Southern Problem," was read by Secretary J.E. Roy. A rising vote
+was taken, expressing approval of the sentiments of the letter and
+requesting the Association to publish it. Dr. F.A. Noble was instructed
+to correspond with Col. Keating, assuring him of the Association's
+appreciation of his address.
+
+The report on the "Mountain Work," was presented by Rev. D.M. Fisk,
+D.D., who followed it by an address.
+
+District Secretary C.J. Ryder read a paper on "The Debt of our Country
+to the American Highlanders."
+
+"My Country 'tis of Thee," was then sung, after which Secretary
+Ryder's paper was referred to the Executive Committee of the Association
+with reference to publication.
+
+President Taylor resumed the chair at this point and introduced Rev.
+H.M. Tenney, D.D., who read the report of the committee on Secretary
+A.F. Beard's paper. The report was accepted and referred to the
+Executive Committee.
+
+An address on the Church Work was made by Rev. C.W. Hiatt, District
+Secretary of the Association, and was followed by several brief
+addresses on the Mountain Work.
+
+The report and an address was then made by Rev. Graham Taylor, D.D. The
+report was accepted and its recommendations adopted.
+
+After announcements, Dr. Noble was instructed to reply to Dr. Arthur
+Little, of Massachusetts, in response to his telegram of greeting. After
+the benediction by President Taylor, recess was taken until 2 o'clock
+P.M.
+
+
+THURSDAY AFTERNOON.
+
+The Association was called to order by Vice-President Dr. F.A. Noble. A
+verse of the hymn, "In the cross of Christ I glory," was sung. F.J.
+Lamb, Esq., read the report of the Committee on Finance, supplementing
+the report with a brief address. The report was accepted.
+
+The report on Secretary Strieby's paper was presented by Prof. G.B.
+Willcox, D.D. The report was accepted and referred to the Executive
+Committee.
+
+Following this, Secretary Strieby made a statement respecting the Hand
+Fund. Dr. E.P. Goodwin, President Salisbury and President W.M. Taylor
+spoke on the Financial Report, and the report was adopted.
+
+The Association then adjourned to the chapel, and the church was
+occupied by the Woman's Missionary Meeting under the auspices of the
+Woman's Bureau of the Association. Mrs. George M. Lane, of Detroit,
+Michigan, presided. The report was made by the Secretary, Miss D.E.
+Emerson, after which addresses were made by the missionaries: On the
+mountain work, by Miss Hayes, of Tennessee; on the colored people, by
+Mrs. Shaw, of Georgia, and Miss Plant, of Mississippi; and on the
+Indians, by Miss Barnaby, a native teacher.
+
+The Nominating Committee reported the following list of officers for the
+ensuing year:
+
+
+_President_,
+
+  REV. WM. M. TAYLOR, D.D., LL.D., N.Y.
+
+
+_Vice-Presidents_,
+
+  REV. A.J.F. BEHRENDS, D.D., N.Y.
+  REV. F.A. NOBLE, D.D., Ill.
+  REV. ALEX. McKENZIE, D.D., Mass.
+  REV. D.O. MEARS, D.D., Mass
+  REV. HENRY HOPKINS, D.D., Mo.
+
+
+_Corresponding Secretaries_,
+
+  REV. M.E. STRIEBY, D.D., 56 Reade Street, N.Y.
+  REV. A.F. BEARD, D.D., 56 Reade Street, N.Y.
+
+
+_Recording Secretary_,
+
+  REV. M.E. STRIEBY, D.D., 56 Reade Street, N.Y.
+
+
+_Treasurer_,
+
+  H.W. HUBBARD, Esq., 56 Reade Street, N.Y.
+
+
+_Auditors_,
+
+  PETER McCARTEE,
+  CHAS. P. PEIRCE.
+
+
+_Executive Committee_,
+
+  _For Three Years._
+
+  S.B. HALLIDAY,
+  SAMUEL HOLMES,
+  SAMUEL S. MARPLES,
+  CHARLES L. MEAD,
+  ELBERT B. MONROE.
+
+  _For One Year._--ALBERT J. LYMAN.
+
+A ballot was taken and the brethren named were elected. After the
+benediction by the President, recess was taken until 7:30 P.M.
+
+
+THURSDAY EVENING.
+
+The Association was called to order by President Taylor. "Stand up,
+stand up for Jesus," was sung, after which Rev. Simeon Gilbert, D.D.,
+led in prayer.
+
+The records of the previous sessions of the day were read and approved,
+and the Secretary was instructed to complete the minutes.
+
+The invitation to hold the next Annual Meeting in Northampton,
+Massachusetts, was accepted.
+
+President George A. Gates, of Iowa College, addressed the Association,
+and was followed by an address by President Cyrus Northrop, D.D., of
+Minnesota, and also by President E.D. Eaton, D.D., of Wisconsin.
+
+The closing address of the Association was made by President Taylor.
+
+The following minute read by Secretary Roy was then adopted:
+
+     When, just eighteen years ago, this city was smoldering in the
+     ruins of the great fire, which had consumed the holy and
+     beautiful house of this New England Church and the homes of
+     every family in it, the pastor, searching among the ashes
+     within these walls for some memento, found a charred leaf of
+     the pulpit hymn-book on which he was able to decipher these
+     words:
+
+         "Daughter of Zion, awake from the dust,
+         Exalt thy fallen head:
+         Rebuild thy walls, thy bounds enlarge,
+         And send thy heralds forth."
+
+     That hymn was sung at the first service in the rough board
+     tabernacle erected upon this spot.
+
+     We give thanks to God this day for the faith and courage by
+     which this people did awake from the dust and rebuild these
+     walls, and by which they have gone on building up their
+     spiritual temple and participating largely in the whole round
+     of service for extending the Redeemer's kingdom, a part of
+     which has been the inviting and the welcoming of this
+     missionary convocation to their sanctuary and to their homes,
+     and for which, to them, along with all others in the sister
+     churches who have joined them on this occasion in exercising
+     this grace of hospitality, we express our heartiest thanks.
+
+     We here call to mind with grateful emotion one of the manliest
+     of men, one of the truest disciples of Christ, Dea. C.G.
+     Hammond, who counted it an honor to have ministered at this
+     altar from the day of its setting up to the day of his
+     translation, and who for many years had served as one of the
+     Vice-Presidents of this Association, and had been giving
+     largely of his substance to its treasury.
+
+     At this closing hour, we are also thankfully reminded that the
+     First Congregational Church of this city was ready thirty years
+     ago to entertain this Association in the days of its weakness
+     and of its cross-bearing witness for Christ and for his lowly
+     poor: and likewise, ten years ago, to open its doors to receive
+     the same body then brought along by the providence of God to a
+     position of honor and extended usefulness.
+
+     And so we gratefully name the Union Park Church, which is now
+     lending us its pastor as one of our Vice-Presidents, and which,
+     with the other two churches mentioned, has furnished us with
+     the three grand annual sermons of Drs. Goodwin, Noble, and
+     Little, and the Plymouth Church, which, from the day of its
+     organization, with its testimony and its offerings, has stood
+     by this Association, and all the other churches of this
+     vicinage, grown now to be such a comely sisterhood, which have
+     shared with these others in the support of our work.
+
+     To the four great railway passenger associations, which have
+     extended to us their courtesies; to the city press, which has
+     so immensely broadened the influence of this missionary
+     convocation; to the gentlemen who, at no small sacrifice of
+     time and labor, have honored this occasion by their addresses,
+     reports, and clerical service; and to our honored and beloved
+     President, who has guided our deliberations with such skill and
+     grace, we express our obligations of thanks.
+
+Rev. Norman Seaver, D.D., responded for the New England Church. He said
+there was a saying that lightning never struck the same place twice,
+yet, though it fell to him to welcome the Association, it had also
+fallen to him to respond to this vote of thanks. He had asked Secretary
+Beard what he would say on this occasion, and was answered, in his witty
+way, "Tell us Godspeed, and we are glad to get rid of you." Dr. Seaver
+felt that the local people were the recipients, and the visitors the
+benefactors in what had been done. The President had inspired them with
+his spirit; he had not withdrawn his presence, and very late might he
+return to the heavens. Students and young ministers had been benefited
+by listening to those many learned men and devoted servants of God, and
+were inspired for future usefulness. "We are not the benefactors, we are
+the recipients, and we wish you Godspeed."
+
+After having sung the doxology, with the benediction by President
+Taylor, the Association adjourned, to meet at Northampton,
+Massachusetts, for its next Annual Meeting.
+
+
+  J.C. ARMSTRONG, }
+                  } _Secretaries._
+  E.S. WILLIAMS,  }
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+SUMMARY OF TREASURER'S REPORT.
+
+
+EXPENDITURES.
+
+
+THE SOUTH.
+
+For Church and Educational Work, Land,
+  Buildings, etc.                         $255,083.84
+
+
+THE CHINESE.
+
+For Superintendent, Teachers,
+  Rent, etc.                                11,070.75
+
+
+THE INDIANS.
+
+For Church and Educational Work,
+  Buildings, etc.                           51,781.00
+
+
+FOREIGN MISSIONS.
+
+For Superintendent, Missionaries, etc.,
+  for Missions in Africa, income paid
+  to the A.B.C.F.M.                          4,754.22
+
+For Support of Aged Missionary,
+  Jamaica, W.I.                                250.00
+
+
+PUBLICATIONS.
+
+For American Missionary, (23,200 monthly),
+  Annual Reports, Clerk-hire,
+  Postage, etc.                              7,230.31
+
+
+AGENCIES.
+
+NEW YORK.--Woman's Bureau, Secretary,
+  Traveling Expenses, Circulars, etc.        1,361.74
+
+FOR EASTERN DISTRICT.--District Secretary,
+  Clerk-hire, Traveling Expenses, Printing,
+  Rent, Postage, Stationery, etc.            4,589.59
+
+FOR WESTERN MIDDLE DISTRICT.--District
+  Secretary, Traveling Expenses, Printing,
+  Rent, Postage, Stationery, etc.            1,246.33
+
+FOB WESTERN DISTRICT.--District Secretary,
+  Agents, Clerk-hire, Traveling
+  Expenses, etc.                             6,196.97
+
+
+ADMINISTRATION.
+
+For Corresponding Secretaries, Treasurer,
+  and Clerk-hire                            12,505.00
+
+
+MISCELLANEOUS.
+
+For Rent, Care of Rooms, Furniture,
+  Repairs, Fuel and Light, Books and
+  Stationery, Rent of Safe Deposit Boxes,
+  Clerk-hire, Postage, Traveling Expenses,
+  Expressage, Telegrams, etc.                5,541.43
+
+Annual Meeting                                 577.05
+
+Wills and Estates                            3,385.07
+
+Annuity Account                                407.93
+
+Amounts refunded, sent to Treasurer
+  by mistake                                   122.77
+
+                                          -----------
+
+                                          $366,104.00
+
+Debt Sept. 30, 1888                          5,641.21
+
+                                          -----------
+
+                                           371,745.21
+
+Balance on hand September 30, 1889           4,471.67
+
+                                          -----------   $376,216.88
+
+                                                         ==========
+
+
+RECEIPTS.
+
+From Churches, Sabbath Schools, Missionary
+  Societies and Individuals               $189,299.57
+
+Estates and Legacies                       114,020.41
+
+Income, Sundry Funds                        10,947.26
+
+Tuition and Public Funds                    34,126.69
+
+Rent                                           506.36
+
+United States Government, for Education
+  of Indians                                16,408.85
+
+Slater Fund, paid to Institutions            8,899.99
+
+Sale of Property                             2,007.75
+
+                                           ----------   $376,216.88
+
+                                                         ==========
+
+
+DANIEL HAND FUND, INCOME ACCOUNT.
+
+Income received to September 30, 1889                    $36,999.71
+
+Amount expended                            $20,311.15
+
+Balance in hand and appropriated            16,688.56
+
+                                           ----------     36,999.71
+
+                                                         ==========
+
+
+RECEIPTS FOR THE WORK OF THE YEAR 1888-89.
+
+For Current Work                          $376,216.88
+
+Income from Daniel Hand Fund                36,999.71
+
+Total                                     -----------   $413,216.59
+
+
+ENDOWMENT FUNDS RECEIVED DURING THE YEAR 1888-89.
+
+The Daniel Hand Fund for the Education
+  of Colored People, Securities
+  received, face value                  $1,000,894.25
+
+Foltz Endowment Fund, Estate of Rev.
+  Benjamin Foltz. (Balance)                    500.00
+
+                                        ------------- $1,001,394.25
+
+
+  H.W. HUBBARD, Treasurer,
+  56 Reade Street, New York.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+THE AMERICAN MISSIONARY ASSOCIATION--ITS PLACE AND WORK.
+
+BY SECRETARY M.E. STRIEBY.
+
+We commemorate the forty-third anniversary of the American Missionary
+Association. During these years, its place and work have become somewhat
+definitely settled, and I take this occasion to set forth the position
+that it now holds in relation to its constituents, its sister societies,
+and the great work providentially thrown upon it.
+
+1. The Association recognizes the control of its constituents. That
+recognition was one of the corner-stones on which it was founded. It
+sought its members and its funds from persons of evangelical faith and
+practical morality. Of such, it offered membership to any one who
+contributed to its funds. Thus broadly was it placed on a popular basis.
+
+At length, however, it began to be felt by many of its supporters that
+there were evils in this method--that the acts of the society were
+liable to be regulated by the local attendance at each annual meeting,
+and that such meetings might easily be "packed" to carry out a purpose.
+The officers of the Association, true to the cardinal principles of its
+founders of control by its constituents, welcomed the discussion and
+cheerfully accepted the present constitution, which was adopted after
+due deliberation. That constitution designates as voters, life members
+and delegates from the churches, local conferences and state
+associations. The Executive Committee believe that we have now reached a
+satisfactory basis, but if it shall be the will of the constituents to
+make further modifications hereafter, the fundamental principle of the
+Association will dictate a ready acceptance of any change that will not
+set aside the evangelical, missionary, and philanthropic basis on which
+the Association was founded, and that will not impair contracts or
+endanger invested funds. The Association belongs, under Christ, to its
+constituents.
+
+2. The work of the Association embraces all forms of effort in both the
+church and the school. It was organized and chartered as a _missionary_
+society. This was its fundamental aim. It was not till 1869,
+twenty-three years after its organization, that the word "educational"
+was put into its charter. But this change did not alter the character
+of its work--_the school is missionary, the church an educator_--and
+this church and school work are inseparably blended. The people among
+whom it labors are children in knowledge, and will remain so for a long
+time, for there are millions of blacks, mountain whites, Indians, and
+Chinese in our country who cannot read and write. In Northern
+communities where the children grow up in Christian homes and are
+environed in cultured society, with the best of common schools, the
+church finds the material for its membership, so far forth, prepared to
+its hand, but among these millions of unlettered peoples the church, if
+it is to be pure and intelligent, must be the outgrowth of the Christian
+school; and the branches of the tree might as well be expected to grow
+up without the roots, as such churches without these schools. The work
+among them begins in the primary school, and follows them through all
+departments of industrial, normal, collegiate and theological
+instruction.
+
+In all this long process the teachers are with them at every step--in
+the shop, the school, the Sunday-school, the prayer meeting, and the
+church, and often the principal of the school is the pastor of the
+church. Thus the church, which grows up within or along side of the
+school, gets the priceless boon of the personal example and influence of
+these Christian teachers, in refining the manners and in making
+character; and as the pupils are converted they enter the church to
+become its stable members and intelligent officers. On the other hand,
+the families in the church, with their kindred and friends, furnish the
+pupils for the school and help to sustain it by their money and prayers,
+both the church and the school being stronger by their mutual support
+and more potent in their influence in the community than if they stood
+apart. And even after the scholars have left the school and have entered
+upon the business of life, the Association is especially fitted to
+gather them into churches. It has occurred in several instances, in
+starting new churches beyond the range of our schools, that we have
+found them to be made up first almost wholly of graduates and students
+from our different institutions, and that these have remained the most
+intelligent and reliable members.
+
+We have found, too, that when a church was thus organized where we have
+no school, we are very soon importuned to start one. In localities with
+a scattered population there might not be sufficient public funds to
+open a colored public school; in many more places they would sustain the
+school for only two months in the year, and in larger towns it sometimes
+has happened that these public schools were of such a character that the
+parents begged for a Christian school as a means of saving the moral
+purity of their children. Thus, in every way, and under all
+circumstances, the school and the church need and help each other. And
+what is true of the colored people is equally true of the whites in the
+mountains and elsewhere, among whom the Association is working so
+auspiciously, planting its schools and churches in mutual helpfulness.
+
+The suggestion that all the church work of the denomination in the
+home-field be given to one society, and all the educational be
+concentrated in one other society, deserves thoughtful consideration,
+for it meets with this very serious objection, that it provides for but
+one collection for work that now receives two or three. The experience
+of our churches is conclusive against the hope that one enlarged
+collection would be given to the one society. For a time, a brief time,
+spasmodic efforts might, as in former cases, result in some special
+contributions, but the new experiment would certainly be more
+disastrous, if it should fail, than those already tried, because it
+would involve far greater interests.
+
+It is not to be supposed for a moment that such consolidation is
+contemplated in order that the churches may escape the large
+responsibility now resting upon them; and if economy and efficiency are
+the only objects sought, we fear the result would be disappointing. Such
+an arrangement would not save in the number of workers in the field, and
+surely it is not wise business management to leave great interests
+inadequately supervised. Even if the consolidated society were divided
+into separate departments or bureaux, the supervision could not be less,
+if efficient, while the combination would be likely to lead to
+complications, and would weaken, in the several departments, the sense
+of individual responsibility and take away the impulse of historic life
+and achievement.
+
+More work well managed and vigorously pushed seems to me to be the only
+plan that will satisfy the Christian conscience or meet the approval of
+the Master.
+
+3. The work of the Association extends to all races of men. This claim
+is sanctioned by the fraternal agreement existing between it and the
+American Home Missionary Society, by its own history, and by the needs
+of the field. The agreement with the sister society says explicitly that
+the Association is "to pursue its educational and church work in the
+South among _both races_." The history of the Association shows that at
+the beginning the populations reached by it in America were _all white_
+except the Indians and a few colored refugees in Canada.
+
+Its home missions at the North and West were among white people: and so
+were they even in the South before the war. John G. Fee and his heroic
+associates in Kentucky, and Daniel Worth and others in North Carolina,
+founded churches and schools only among the whites. Berea College was
+for whites only, at the outset. It was not till the era of emancipation
+with its overwhelming flood of freedmen that the Association turned its
+direct and almost exclusive attention to them. It heard the voice of God
+in the tramp of these millions marching out of bondage into freedom, and
+in that voice it heard the call to itself, providentially prepared for
+the new era. It answered the call, without, however, abandoning its
+mission to preach the gospel to the whites also; and now, with its
+schools and churches well established throughout the South, with an open
+door to the whites, and especially to those in the mountain regions, it
+hears the voice of God calling it thither. The ready adaptation of its
+methods to these people, and the success of its efforts among them,
+attest the validity of its call and the wisdom of its response.
+
+4. The work of the Association is not a transient one. A New England
+pastor at the beginning of our work for the freedmen, gave me a hearty
+welcome to present our cause in his pulpit, telling me frankly he did so
+the more cheerfully because he thought our work would soon be over--say
+in twenty or twenty-five years. Now that good man believed that home
+missions in the West, and in some of the older Eastern States, would be
+needed well nigh on to the millennium, yet he imagined that the blacks,
+just escaped from bondage, utterly poor, ignorant and degraded, would
+(perhaps he hardly stopped to think how) rise in twenty-five years above
+all need of help from any quarter in their upward struggle! But the
+fallacy of such a supposition is realized more since these twenty-five
+years have passed than it was then. It is now clearly seen that these
+ex-slaves will require for three or four generations the most abundant
+help to bring them up to the level of those Western settlers, including
+the Swedes, Germans and Norwegians crowding in thither, who are
+comparatively well-off and intelligent. And then, after that preparation
+of the Negro has been made, the regular work of home missions will only
+be fairly begun among them. The work for this people, therefore, is not
+transient, and the missionary society that has it in hand has before it
+not only a great but long-continued task.
+
+And for that great work the Association has had a manifest call and
+preparation, and has gained an experience and an influence of peculiar
+value in its further prosecution. The Association has wrought itself
+into the schools and churches, into the industries of the colored
+people, the improvement of their homes, the preparation of their sons
+and daughters for home and business life, and for teachers and preachers
+and physicians; it has wrought itself into their better aspirations for
+both this world and that which is to come. It has won upon the
+confidence and respect of the white people by its unselfish and
+Christian work, its kind but firm adherence to principle, and by the
+blessing it has conferred upon both races in aiding the South in the
+only true solution of its great problem.
+
+The Association has become anchored to this great work by the large
+amount of invested funds intrusted to its care. It has received
+thousands of dollars from the Freedmen's Bureau, from the Avery estate,
+from the gifts of Mrs. Stone and others, and added to all these is the
+large sum placed one year ago in its hands by the munificence of Mr.
+Hand. These several sums aggregate more than two millions of dollars--an
+amount of endowment, we believe, without a parallel among our
+Congregational societies for the home field. While no inconsiderable
+share of these funds is in plant, and therefore increases instead of
+diminishes current expenses, yet the Association is the only legal
+custodian of these funds. They constitute, therefore, a strong evidence
+of the confidence of large donors in its usefulness and stability and in
+the importance of its work, and at the same time they make a strong plea
+for current contributions to sustain that work. God has moved the hearts
+of noble men and women to lay these firm foundations. Will not others
+equally able and far-seeing in their benevolence add to these gifts and
+thus extend these foundations, and will not the churches build thereon
+with diligent and cheerful hands?
+
+These forty-three years under review have been memorable in the history
+of this Nation. They have witnessed the reign of slavery in the height
+of its arrogant domination. They have seen the rising protest of
+conscience and religion against that domination, with the mad resistance
+of slavery, until it culminated in one of the bloodiest wars of modern
+times. They have beheld a united Nation emerge from the conflict, and
+not a slave in all its broad land. They have seen the uplifted hands and
+hearts of the freedmen grasping for knowledge. And, last of all, they
+behold the new power seated on the throne vacated by slavery, dooming
+the colored man to a position of inferiority scarcely less degrading
+than slavery itself.
+
+Along all these lines the sympathies and efforts of the Association have
+run. It pleaded for the slave in his bondage, when to do so cost odium
+and ostracism; it joined with others in the appeal against slavery, with
+the hope that righteousness would avert the calamity of war. When the
+slave came forth free, it went with prompt hands to fit him for his new
+position, and now, as he enters the long and dark struggle against
+poverty, ignorance and race-prejudice, it girds itself for the great
+struggle, armed with what have ever been its only weapons, the light of
+knowledge and the love of the gospel of Christ. The contest may be long,
+the work will be great, but the triumph must be sure. May the church of
+Christ, the patriots of the land, and the abundant blessing of the
+Almighty God strengthen and help us in this great undertaking!
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+THE MISSIONARY VIEW OF THE SOUTHERN SITUATION.
+
+BY SECRETARY A.F. BEARD.
+
+The Southern problem is a National peril. Problems are not always
+perils. This is a problem large with political and religious perils, and
+whether political or religious it can not be ignored, nor can its
+consideration be postponed. It is here. It is our problem. It is nearer
+to the South, and more immediate, than to the North, but it is ours. We
+are not foreigners in any part of this country. It has been settled once
+for all that we are to be fellow citizens in a common country when we
+come from Boston to Chicago and when we go from New York to New Orleans.
+The problem which belongs to a country to which we belong, is ours. This
+might as well be understood. We have no right to take our hands off from
+that of which we are a part and which is a part of us. No part can say
+to another, it is not your concern.
+
+This is true politically. Thrice true is it religiously--Christian faith
+is not confined to State boundaries. It belongs everywhere. The problem
+is not a new one. It has its roots bedded deep in history. When years
+ago it began to be discussed by a few they were called agitators, as if
+the discussion of right and wrong were itself a wrong, as if the letting
+in of light upon the darkness were a deed of darkness. Nevertheless, the
+Nation became thoughtful over the question of the rights of man. While
+it was musing the fire burned, and an irrepressible conflict came. In
+the issue it was settled that no man should be held by another man in
+involuntary servitude in this common and inseparable country.
+
+A quarter of a century has elapsed since this settlement of a problem
+which involved the destiny of two races, and of our whole country. The
+question now before the Nation and before the churches is a corollary
+of slavery. It is the second section of the first chapter. The first
+question was: How shall liberty be proclaimed to the captive and the
+enslaved become free? The second is: Being free, how can the two
+races--as distinct and separate as are the white and black races of
+the South--now equal before the law, live side by side under the same
+government, and live in Christian truth and peace? This is the
+problem, and, like the first, it is irrepressible.
+
+In one sense it is a new question--that is, a new generation of white
+people has in part come forward to participate in the duties of
+citizenship, since all men became men in the law of the land. To them
+the question is practically new. The situation as they find it, is this:
+The Negroes, who, twenty years ago, were four millions, are now eight
+millions. The increase of the blacks above the increase of the whites in
+the period of twenty years, is fourteen per cent. In his work on the
+African in the United States, Professor Gilliam, having in hand the
+figures of our Census Bureau, forecasts with the demonstration of
+mathematics our population one century hence. We do not know what may
+modify his figures, but he computes that at the present rate of increase
+there are to be in the old slave States in one hundred years,
+ninety-five millions of whites and double this number of African
+descent. Therefore, whatever may modify, it is probable that before one
+half an hundred years are over, the numbers of the blacks will furnish
+them sufficient guarantee for their legal rights.
+
+There are those in this presence who have seen the population of this
+republic multiply itself nearly three times. Our childhood's geography
+taught us that twenty-three millions of people lived in the United
+States. Now our children learn that there are sixty millions. Twenty
+years ago four millions of Negroes and eight millions to-day. Therefore,
+as large as the problem now is to us, it will be greater for our
+children if we err in our solution of it.
+
+This race of African descent has been declared by constitutional
+enactment to be entitled to whatever privileges belong to man, as man.
+Standing on this, and beginning with nothing but the heredity of
+hindrances, with the brand of color and the prejudice of race against
+them, this people have climbed up from their low estate with a
+remarkable progress. They have applied themselves to take hold of
+knowledge as no other people ever did in the annals of history. They
+have made great inroads upon their previous illiteracy. They have
+rapidly acquired property. They have developed industrial skill, and
+established the evidences of business facility. They have shown
+themselves capable of good citizenship, both in the understanding of its
+duties and the practice of them. They have vindicated the act of
+emancipation and the decrees of citizenship.
+
+Yet to-day their standing both as citizens and as Christians is opposed.
+The question of their rights is discussed as if it were an open one, and
+in the South it is coming to be increasingly denied. Under the plea that
+it is unsafe for the black man to exercise his civil rights, there
+arises a condition of affairs that can have no standing under our
+government except a revolutionary standing. And the question whether the
+rights of man as man shall be regarded, is to-day a more pressing
+question than it has been at any previous time since the slaves were
+declared to be men.
+
+The Southern press, which both creates and voices public opinion,
+reveals an attitude of mind increasingly hostile to the equal civil
+rights of the black man, for the simple reason that he is not white,
+which is calculated to fill the friends of American institutions with
+gravest apprehensions, and which demands the serious attention of us
+all. Almost every week discloses to us the fact that intimidation,
+oppression and violence do override the government of the land, in its
+application to the Negro people. Influential Southern journals have
+pronounced the Fifteenth Amendment a living threat to the civilization
+of the South, and declare that Christian statesmanship demands its
+abrogation.
+
+A thoughtful book published in New York, written in a calm and judicial
+tone by an able lawyer in Virginia, in its chapter upon the future of
+the Negro, says: "The social aspect of the Negro suffrage is certain to
+_grow more_ threatening as the blacks increase. The motives which have
+led the great body of whites to vote together in this age, must augment
+in force in the age to follow. To day the rapid increase of the black
+population constitutes a greater danger to the stability of our
+government than any that is sapping the vitality of the European
+monarchies. The partial disfranchisement of the Negro in the future
+would appear to be inevitable, essential, if not to the existence of the
+South, then to the prosperity of the Union." This is a temperate
+expression of much Southern opinion.
+
+Not a few hold the view that the education and advancement of the Negro
+tends to create the race problem, and do not hesitate to say that if the
+Negroes could only be kept as laborers in the cotton and rice and sugar
+fields, in the furnaces and mines of the South, aspiring to nothing
+higher and not antagonizing the whites in political matters, there would
+be no race problem.
+
+Six months ago we could quote from an editorial column written by an
+ex-Confederate officer for an influential Democratic paper in the South
+these words: "The duty of the white people of the South is plain. In the
+spirit of _noblesse oblige_ we must sympathize with those who are
+fitting the colored people for the duties of life, remembering what the
+Negroes were to our forefathers and what our forefathers were to them.
+No one can doubt that a Negro has a soul to save. That admitted, he is
+as much entitled to the benefits of salvation as the white man. But", he
+adds, "what do we see? Nearly all the bodies of Christians even, except
+the Roman Catholics, shuffling to set the Negro apart and leave him
+largely to his own ways, shuffling out of their responsibility according
+to the gospel which they profess as their guide, and putting the Negro
+apart in spite of the word of God, whom they worship, that he is no
+respecter of persons. The Negro was brought over here by theft and
+outrage. He is here to stay, and we must deal with him according to the
+golden rule, and as we would wish to be done by if we were similarly
+placed."
+
+This is not a quotation from the National Council of Congregational
+Churches, where such an utterance would both by nature and by grace find
+expression, but it is from the pen of an officer of the Southern
+Confederacy, who knows the light when he sees it, who keeps open an
+honest eye, and who does not hesitate to speak from an honest mind. This
+sentiment balances somewhat of that which pleads against the black man,
+and not a few friends of this kind has the American Missionary
+Association won to itself throughout the South. It never had so many who
+are saying: "Yours is the most practical missionary work ever undertaken
+by a Christian body." "You have won our confidence by your spirit and
+your methods; you have our cordial sympathy." At the same time we
+recognize the fact that both prejudice and partisanship are now making
+strenuous efforts to create the judgment that the Negro should be
+stripped of his civil rights and that his education is going on too
+rapidly. For example, the _Southern Journal_, whose Christian sentiments
+of six months ago, just quoted, with another editor to-day, comes to us
+with another deliverance, probably nearer to the heart of most of its
+constituency, saying: "The Negro is not a fit subject for Northern
+missionary effort. Northern money is not wanted to build him schools,
+and Northern teachers and preachers are not wanted to improve his mind
+nor to save his soul. He should be let alone. He is out in the water:
+let him swim. He should be left alone to work out his own salvation."
+The editor who says we must save him is an ex-Confederate officer who
+has always lived in the South. The editor who says he should be left
+alone is a Northern man who has gone South to live. The first writes,
+_noblesse oblige_. The second does not understand the language. He,
+doubtless, has the largest constituency.
+
+The pulpit also creates and voices public opinion. Our work is coming to
+get many a good word from the Southern pulpit. But a Southern white
+bishop--Bishop Pearce--did not write to unwilling ears when he said: "In
+my judgment higher education would be a calamity to the Negroes. It
+would elevate Negro aspirations far above the station which the Negro
+was created to fill. The whites can never tamely, and without protest
+submit to the intrusion of colored people into places of trust, profit,
+and responsibility." This, you will observe, is from a minister of
+Christ. It is from a bishop of a church. It is from one who prays our
+Lord's prayer, given alike to white and black. "After this manner,
+therefore, pray ye." "Our Father." This is from one who believes in the
+baptism at Pentecost, when devout men from every nation under heaven
+received the impartial benedictions of God. This from one who read the
+story of Peter and the sheet. "Alas, my brother."
+
+All this, then, is the atmosphere of the situation. Some prophetic souls
+are looking out upon a most perplexing and perilous problem with
+profound solicitude, and extending to us their sympathy and prayers for
+our work. More, many more, are teaching and preaching that God has
+created the Negro race to fill forever a place of inferiority, and that
+he must stay down in the bog or in some way be destroyed. It is not
+surprising, therefore, that ignorant white people should give form and
+substance to these hostile opinions in scenes of violence and cruelty.
+They believe in the inherent inferiority of the blacks, and have a
+mighty fear lest this doctrine should prove to be untrue. The Negro,
+twenty-five years ago in absolute poverty and illiteracy, has been
+greedy for education, and has seriously thought of nothing but to rise
+from his low condition.
+
+The intelligent white man now, and to his great surprise, is all at once
+confronted by the intelligent black man. They are not so numerous now as
+to be an element to fear, but the whites are foreseeing the not distant
+day when they can not be relegated to inferiority because of their
+color. The calamity that Bishop Pearce deplores and would prevent is not
+far away--educated Negroes with aspirations, in other words, men.
+
+The general Negro illiteracy is gaining fast upon the white ignorance,
+and the despised Negro is found to be living above many of his
+illiterate white neighbors. This makes it easy work for designing men to
+sharpen race prejudices, which by force and fear shall keep the Negro
+down.
+
+On the Negro side, he has been patient and forbearing. With these
+outbreaks of persecution some are discouraged, and are ready to
+surrender their manhood. On the other hand, some are no longer patient,
+but are enraged. They would retaliate. They feel that defense against
+wrongs is right. An influential Negro paper says, "EDUCATE, AGITATE,
+RETALIATE. Does one strike me? With the power of God on high, back also
+will I strike him." This feeling grows. Add to it the fact that the
+Negro is developing the power of organization. There are leaders. They
+are in their councils and conventions. They are feeling deeply, speaking
+plainly, and organizing efficiently.
+
+This is the situation! "How shall this problem be solved? How shall we
+prevent the conflict between races?" A Southern author says: "These
+problems have been solved in the past in four ways. By reducing the
+weaker race to slavery, or by expulsion, or by extermination, or by the
+amalgamation of the races. Slavery is out of the question--that is
+settled. Equally repugnant is expulsion or extermination. Amalgamation
+is abhorrent." Therefore, the problem will not be solved by any
+historical precedents. The two races must live here in the same
+sections, equal before the law, with mutual rights, and all rights must
+be sanctioned and confirmed.
+
+The American Missionary Association is living with this problem day by
+day. It is trying to see it with the look of Christ. This Association
+foresaw this question forty years ago. It took on itself the preparation
+for it. It guided itself to meet the problem in the fields before the
+armies in the South were disbanded. It went with its distinctive and
+unpopular principles. It went in the patience and love of Christ. For
+the most part it met a natural and unconcealed hostility. It did not
+retaliate even in spirit, but it stood firm in spirit and in truth. It
+has lived on in the South, and taught the same ever-living and
+everlasting gospel for all men, of whatever race or color. Its record is
+before the churches. They have never had reason to feel other than
+grateful to God for its work. Beginning with a great number of little
+primary schools, and with thousands of beginners in the alphabet of
+learning, it has gradually passed into larger and more far-reaching
+influences by teaching teachers and preachers, who shall go, and who do
+go out and reach multiplied thousands.
+
+In order that applied Christianity may have the power of self-help and
+self-care, industries are introduced. In that the people are being
+fitted to save themselves. All of our work from first to last is
+missionary, and instinct with the motive of salvation; our schools are
+means to an end; fitting preachers, teachers, mechanics, home makers to
+meet the problem and the peril. It is not by education that the question
+is to be solved. The missionary view is not simply the educational view.
+This society is not an educational society. Education is not the panacea
+for the ills of man. Ignorance is a great evil, but it is not the worst
+one; sinfulness is worse and more difficult to cure. The one who is
+educated may make trouble and not heal it; secular education can not
+meet the problem; State education can not protect against the peril, but
+sanctified education can, for it has in it the power of God. This
+society is a missionary society which, like the American Board, teaches
+in order to save. You can scarcely save ignorance. This means Christian
+schools not only full of ethics, but vital with faith. It means also the
+twin life of school work and church work. To put these factors apart
+would be a great disaster to each; nay, it would put away from the only
+society that can effectively, and we believe effectually, meet this
+problem, the chief factor in the solution of the impending and serious
+question. Education alone is not equal to this question, and those who
+have won the ear and the sympathy of those who need to come under the
+power of the gospel, who have been their friends and teachers, who have
+their confidence and trust, are the ones to take this gospel to them and
+show them how to take it to others. The schools reach parents, the
+schools reach pastors, the schools reach the people, the schools are
+intertwined with all the church life that has any hope in it. This is
+the missionary view. When this people in the wilderness cried out in
+their distresses, "Who will speak for us?" the Association spoke for
+them. When they needed sympathy, sympathy it gave. When they needed
+instruction, it went to them in the name of Christ. In his name it stood
+for the Negro. In his name it stood by the Negro. In his name it stood
+with him. It stands there to-day. It is his friend and counselor. When
+the Negro is cast down, the churches will hear one voice and they will
+wish their own society to be found faithful in this.
+
+With this charter as a missionary society for schools and churches, we
+present to the Negro race continually the personal hope of souls not
+only, but the hope of the race. When they think that the progress is
+slow we tell them that Christianity is sure. When they tell us that they
+can not wait, but must organize and retaliate, we tell them to wait upon
+God. "Vengeance is mine, saith the Lord." We ask them to remember that a
+quarter of a century, or a century, is a short time in the history of a
+people. We point to a million--a round million--of Negro children in the
+schools to-day. We are teaching them to be men. We are saving them to be
+Christians. We teach them not to remain down and not to be put down.
+Being men, they are to stand like men, but like Christian men, to
+conquer prejudices by worthiness, to meet race hatred with only a
+stronger purpose to command respect, not to render evil for evil, but
+contrariwise, blessing; not blow for blow, but to go on upbuilding
+themselves, deserving their rights, and remembering that a great element
+in the solution of this problem must be an intelligent faith in God.
+With this missionary view we stand firm. We have learned that the
+Southerners of our own race, even when they hold their prejudices
+against our principles, respect those who stand in a Christian way for
+their principles; and that these principles will never be accepted in
+the South by our holding them loosely, or in suspense, or in any sort of
+abeyance. They respect us when we teach our people that they have all
+the rights of manhood and womanhood; that they are to respect themselves
+and to be worthy of self-respect; that they are not to consent in their
+own minds to any assertion of superiority based upon the tint of the
+skin, and that they are never to feel guilty for being black. We are
+teaching the colored people to hold honor with themselves.
+
+What this Association and other missionary forces have done and are
+doing--this Association more than others--will be the balance of power
+to prevent the dreaded conflict of races; _the balance of power_ to
+settle the question; How can the two races live in the same section with
+mutual respect for each other's civil and Christian rights? This may
+take time. Christianity takes time. It is ours to take Christianity to
+teach that the beginning of Christianity was the death blow to wrong
+principles and evil practices of men, however well intrenched and
+fortified these forces may be.
+
+It is this which gives us courage to grapple with centuries of wrong and
+to undertake the slow reduction of these evils. When Christianity came,
+the era of conscience came, and in His gospel is the power of
+intelligence and moral determination that shall not be overcome of evil,
+but shall overcome evil with good.
+
+     "Men bound with right are strong:
+     Right bound with right in Christian faith
+     Will conquer a world of wrong."
+
+The missionary schools and the missionary churches are, we believe, the
+only safeguard against the conflict of races. They are the guardian
+against this national peril. This being so, the churches must speed them
+more and more. They must not hinder them nor tie their hands. The
+guarantees of this peaceful solution are in the hands of the churches.
+Multiply and hasten the Christian energies. Multiply the Christian
+prayers that we may be workers together with Him of whom it is written,
+"He shall not fail or be discouraged."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+REPORTS OF COMMITTEES.
+
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+REPORT ON EDUCATIONAL WORK SOUTH.
+
+BY REV. WM. BURNET WRIGHT, D.D., CHAIRMAN.
+
+It is an ominous fact that in the South illiteracy is steadily
+increasing. It is an encouraging fact that in the region surrounding our
+chartered and normal schools illiteracy is steadily diminishing. The
+colored people are multiplying more rapidly than the means of educating
+them. If the supply of school accommodations to-day exactly equalled the
+demand, so that every colored child of suitable age was provided for in
+some school, there would be at the time of our next annual meeting
+255,500 children asking to be taught their letters to whom we should
+have to say, We cannot teach you. But the supply does not yet nearly
+equal the demand.
+
+In respect to education, the South is a dark sky rapidly growing darker,
+but flecked with patches of lighter shade, which are gradually growing
+brighter and larger. Such a bright space frames each of our chartered
+and normal schools. Fisk University, Talladega College, Tougaloo
+University, Straight University, in New Orleans, and Tillotson
+Institute, at Austin, Texas, are doing work which vindicates each year
+more distinctly the strategic sagacity which located them. In these
+institutions alone nearly two thousand students of both sexes are being
+trained to be light-bearers to their race. Besides these, each of which
+is essentially a normal school, and includes a normal department,
+eighteen distinctively normal schools are sustained at different points
+of strategic importance. Two new schools have been established during
+the year. Good work has also been done among the mountain whites. The
+income from the gift of Mr. Daniel Hand has enabled the Association to
+enlarge its school accommodations, and to assist more than three hundred
+students, who, without it, would have been unable to attend schools of
+any kind.
+
+The committee would emphasize among special needs of the work, funds for
+a girls' hall at Tillotson Institute, and for the endowment of a
+theological school for training colored pastors. Two facts are
+pre-eminently gratifying. The first is that in nearly all the schools of
+the Association some kind of industrial training is provided, and that
+the influence of such training is conspicuously shown in improved ideas
+of home life and comfort among those connected by family or other ties
+with our students. The second fact is, that in all our schools the
+students are taught that the fear of the Lord is the beginning of
+wisdom, and that consequently the separation between religion and
+morality, which is the supreme danger of the Southern black churches, is
+perceptibly diminishing.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+REPORT ON CHURCH WORK.
+
+BY PROFESSOR GRAHAM TAYLOR, CHAIRMAN.
+
+The mission of the American Missionary Association is shown to be a
+_specialty_ and a _unit_ by its church work. It is the work of a
+specialist among Christian organizations that alone could have produced
+these churches. To meet the demands of an exigency which could not be
+met by the pre-existent ordinary agencies, this child of Providence was
+born of God and the times. For the accomplishment of ends for which no
+means had been found, its methods were providentially chosen by a
+process of spiritual selection. Its agencies are the accretions of the
+Divine purpose in its progress toward the salvation of the undermost,
+and the edifying of the whole body of Christ. To the production of its
+unique Christian institutions the exclusive devotion to the study of the
+peculiar conditions of these entirely distinct communities was
+necessary. There have been generated by this devotion and acquired
+through the experience of nearly half a century a knowledge and skill
+which claim for this Association the recognition of the world as its
+foremost expert in the successful application of Christianity to the
+solution of the most difficult race problems of modern civilization.
+
+And yet in the accomplishment of this great achievement, loyalty to the
+common faith and to our own polity, as well as to the teachings of
+experience, demanded only the new application of the old prime factors
+of God's own choice, the _local church_ with its evangelism and
+Christian nurture.
+
+In the work of this Association these two great agencies are uniquely
+one. The pastor is often teacher and evangelist. The sanctuary is
+school-house and mission station. At twenty-three points on the field
+God has made of these twain--the church and the school--one. The church
+is the unit of this unity. For while the church is generally the
+offspring of the school, the school finds both its profoundest reasons
+for existence and its highest consummation in the needs and ends of the
+church. In it the work both of the teacher and evangelist co-ordinates
+and culminates.
+
+It will not be so very long before these schools and colleges will find
+their chief sources of supply in these churches, which although now so
+dependent, must ultimately be depended upon to maintain and develop
+their own institutions. Even now it is to be remembered that the appeal
+of this evangelizing church work meets with the wider and more popular
+response from the giving constituency of the Association, while the
+educational institutions are more dependent upon the larger gifts of
+interested individuals.
+
+Moreover, it is the church which opens the springs of the family life
+from which the schools must draw their scholars. And it is the church
+which creates the environment necessary to the Christian homes, to which
+the graduates are sent back again to live their lives, and from which,
+as the heart's fulcrum, their saved lives can best lift up the lost.
+
+These little church groups of evangelized and educated families are at
+once the prime sources and the constituent elements of the new Christian
+civilization which already heralds the coming of the kingdom to those
+neglected, outcast peoples, to secure whose human rights, Christian
+privileges and church fellowship is the first, loudest, longest call
+upon the Congregational Churches of America.
+
+Therefore, in the name of this Association, whose heroic type of
+missionary and teaching service makes our whole membership and ministry
+the more attractive and ennobling; in the name of its schools which
+became churches, and its churches which are schools; in the name of
+their 8,400 professing Christians, and their 15,000 Sunday-school
+scholars, and the 1,000 converts of the year; in the name of the races
+of three continents to whom the Father is sending these our brethren as
+we are sent to them, we pledge the fidelity of the American Missionary
+Association to the two-fold agency of its one work, the discipling of
+these races by the evangelizing church, and the Christian nurture of its
+schools. And we re-echo the call which the National Council makes upon
+our churches for the $500,000 required by the exigencies and
+opportunities of this year's work for the neediest and most helpless of
+all our fellow-countrymen.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+REPORT ON MOUNTAIN WORK.
+
+BY REV. D.M. FISK, D.D., CHAIRMAN.
+
+The formal report of your committee can without injustice be brief; not
+because the field considered is narrow, or the work unimportant as a
+missionary movement, but from the fact that a certain unity pervades
+both, making it possible to comprehend in one view even the diversities
+of a population of over two millions, and an area of above one hundred
+thousand square miles.
+
+The official summary of the year's work, on which we report, once again
+sets before this Association the situation and its involved problem; a
+situation full of contradictions, a problem at once serious but not
+hopeless.
+
+Here is the amazing spectacle of a self-isolated people, begirt with the
+active life and thought of our eager times, yet sharing neither. Here is
+an empire that is content to live in the past: having rich resources it
+neglects to develop them; a productive soil but niggard crops. Amidst a
+veritable Lebanon of forestry it has shanties for homes; with coal
+deposits that are the envy of the world, its shivering women in
+stoveless hovels attempt to defend themselves about their domestic toil
+with coarse homespun shawls and slat-bonnets. In an age that has
+harnessed mechanism, beast, and steam to the plow, scythe, sickle and
+flail, these owners of mountains of iron and mines of power still
+indolently vex a grudging soil with tools of such barbaric simplicity
+that their intrusion is scarcely more than a provocation to weeds.
+
+Here is needless poverty in the lap of potential wealth, thriftlessness
+in the face of every seeming stimulus to diligence. Here is a
+diversified landscape that should inspire and a climate that should
+invigorate, but in place of vivacity and health we find apathetic
+endurance and intrenched disease. Scrofula and its parasite kin are
+domesticated in the debilitated blood, and pills, calomel, and death
+jointly contend for the prolific cradle, and even when temporarily
+defeated succeed in transforming childhood into unlovely age, without
+the long interval of intermediate active, zestful manhood.
+
+And yet, pitiful as is this exhibit of deficiency, these Highland
+dwellers are none the less men and our brethren. Slavery robbed them of
+their lands half a century ago, and roughly shouldered them off into the
+mountain wilderness dowered with the pauperizing maxims of oppression,
+notably the indignity of toil, and their shrewd native mother-wit has
+been left to rust to dullard loss in the absence of schools worthy the
+name; worse still, their natural devoutness has been warped by unworthy
+shepherds, till superstition, bigotry, and gross immorality have taken
+fierce possession of many a society, hearthstone and heart. If to-day
+the schools are inefficient and some of the preaching blasphemous; if
+self-satisfied idleness has turned over this mountain realm to want and
+the slavery of low living, and (as ever) made woman at once the servant
+and the victim of its barbarism, it is but another historic count in the
+awful indictment of human selfishness. And all these crying deficiencies
+are but make-weights with our conviction of responsibility to this
+mountain flock of God, that often has been misled and unworthily
+sacrificed.
+
+The only problematical element in this matter is the measure of our
+faith in God and man and all-prevailing truth. Wherever the ground has
+been broken by faithful men there is a crop to show as returns for
+invested toil. More than a thousand children are now under Christian
+instruction in our schools. Our pupils are in hungry demand as teachers,
+even to a minimum of years that to us would seem absurd (15 and 16
+years). Over twenty churches are holding up a reasonable religion, as a
+life rather than merely a profession. New fields plead for mission work.
+Our already planted churches and schools are stimulating other
+denominations to redoubled diligence in church planting. Courage is in
+the tone and look of our frontier workers. The officers of this
+Association feel in an aggressive mood. The question resolves itself
+into one of faith and contributions. What, my brethren, shall be our
+answer?
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+REPORT ON INDIAN WORK.
+
+BY REV. ADDISON F. FOSTER, D.D., CHAIRMAN.
+
+The committee on the work of the American Missionary Association among
+the Indians respectfully report that they gratefully recognize the good
+hand of God in the work already done.
+
+Since the American Missionary Association took the work, the
+expenditures have increased from $11,000 to $52,000, the out-stations
+for direct evangelistic effort from seven to twenty-one, and the
+churches from two to six. This last year, the Association has
+established three new out-stations: the Moody station among the Mandans,
+fifty miles north of Fort Berthold; the Moody Station No. 2 among the
+Gros Ventres, twenty-five miles north of Fort Berthold; the Sankey
+Station among the Dakotas at Cherry Creek. It has just put up a mission
+house, with a room for church worship, at Rosebud Agency. It has
+organized anew church at Bazille Creek, some distance out from Santee; a
+branch church at Cherry Creek, on the Sioux Reservation, and is just
+forming a church at Standing Rock, for which a building is now
+completed.
+
+This record is certainly gratifying and shows that the Association
+appreciates the emergency, and is striving to meet it, so far as the
+means put in its hands allow. But your committee feel also that never
+before was there so great an opportunity as now brought before the
+Christians of this land, and especially our own denomination, for work
+among the Indians.
+
+The relations of the Government and of the churches in Indian work are
+now unusually harmonious and kindly. The present Administration is
+thoroughly in sympathy with missionary operations, and will do nothing
+to impair their efficiency. We believe it to be sincerely actuated by a
+desire to promote the best welfare of the Indians, and ready to
+co-operate with all good people in efforts in this direction. It aims to
+educate every Indian child. We desire to see this done, and believe that
+when the Government assumes, as it should, the primary education of all
+Indians of school age, we shall be called on to turn our efforts to a
+much larger work for direct evangelization.
+
+Our opportunity is enlarging further by the breaking down of the old
+pagan prejudices of the Indians. The testimony of all the workers on the
+field is to this effect. The Indians are desirous of living as white
+men. They are rapidly losing their distinctive Indian ideas and are
+imbibing the notions of their white neighbors. This is seen in their
+burials, which now are not uniformly, as of old, on scaffolds, but are
+more and more interments. It is shown in their feeling and behavior when
+death comes into their households. They no longer fill their houses with
+hideous outcries, but instead seek the missionaries to inquire about the
+life in the other world.
+
+A further opportunity is to be noted in the fact that the Dakota Indians
+have specially fallen into our care. Our chief missions are located
+among them, at Santee, Rosebud, Oahe, Standing Rock, and outlying
+stations. But the Dakota Indians number 40,000 in all, or about
+one-sixth of all the Indians in the country. We have mastered the Dakota
+language; and a Bible, hymn-book, dictionary and other books are printed
+in that tongue. We have, then, special ability to carry on mission work
+among them, and are bound to utilize it to the full. The time is ripe
+for immediate action. It must be taken without delay if taken at all.
+The opening up to white settlement of a large strip of land though the
+center of the great Sioux reservations is to bring the Indian into
+contact with the influence of white men as never before. It is
+impossible that that influence shall be altogether good. The contact of
+the Indian with the frontiersmen of our own people has resulted most
+deplorably in the past, and we cannot hope for much better results now.
+Rum and licentiousness are sure to work untold harm to the Indian unless
+they are met by the gospel. This opening up of Indian territory to white
+settlement lays, therefore, a most imperative and immediate obligation
+on Christian people to protect the Indian from ruin by giving them the
+gospel.
+
+We are satisfied that nothing but the gospel will suffice. Education
+alone can not save, and may simply give new strength to evil habits and
+influences. It must be a Christian education; schools should be simply
+preliminary and altogether subsidiary to the most energetic and wise
+presentation of the gospel. The uniform policy of the American
+Missionary Association in all departments of its work has been in this
+direction, and we gladly recognize the fact that its Indian work has
+steadily progressed with the idea of evangelizing the Indian.
+
+We know very well that the Association is laboring for 8,000,000 Negroes
+and for 2,000,000 Mountain White people and for 125,000 Chinese, as well
+as 262,000 Indians. We know that the proportion of the Indians is
+comparatively small. At the same time we urge that this disproportion is
+to a large degree counterbalanced by the special opportunities we have
+considered. The Indian problem is before us for immediate settlement. It
+admits of no delay. Care for these few Indians now, Christianize them
+now, as we may, and the Indian becomes as the white man, and our
+missionary efforts will then be released for other fields.
+
+In this special emergency we feel strongly the necessity laid on the
+Association for an enlargement of its administrative force. Since the
+death of our lamented brother, Secretary Powell, the force at the New
+York office of the Association has been short-handed. We hope that the
+earnest efforts which are being made by the Executive Committee to find
+a suitable person to become another Secretary of the Association may be
+at once successful. An emergency is upon us, and we say this with the
+conviction that the demands of the Indian work are now so imperative as
+to require a large portion of the time and thought of such a Secretary.
+It is a necessity that such a Secretary should frequently visit the
+field and be in constant communication with the workers.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+REPORT ON CHINESE WORK.
+
+BY REV. E.A. STIMSON, D.D., CHAIRMAN.
+
+This is the smallest and least conspicuous department of the work of the
+American Missionary Association, but the one that stands in the closest
+relation to ourselves, and the one also that can show the largest
+returns. The Chinese in America are few in number, but they are
+scattered everywhere, as if God intended in them to put the spirit of
+our churches to a crucial test, and, where that test is endured, to give
+to his servants a prompt reward and an unanswerable confirmation of his
+promises and of their faith.
+
+These strange little men from "the land of Sinim," mysterious, silent,
+capable, incredibly industrious, money-making, with their pig-tails and
+their felt shoes, their "pidgin English" and their unintelligible
+"turkey tracks," their wooden countenance and their "bias eyes," their
+opium, and their "ways that are dark," who, in spite of restrictive laws
+and brutal personal treatment, are filtering in everywhere, until they
+may be seen crouched in the corner of any street car, and are a familiar
+object in the village street--why are they here? here just now and here
+so persistently? It is no mighty immigration of men, such as De
+Tocqueville liked to dwell upon. It is no conquering host, no familiar
+immigration. Whatever may once have been the attractive force of the
+California gold fields, washing soiled linen can hardly be regarded as
+satisfying a national instinct, or thumping through the long hours of
+the night upon an ironing table a soul-filling amusement. Much may be
+said of "the golden fleece," but these are no modern Argonauts. They are
+money-making as our friends the Jews, but no "high emprise" or "grand
+endeavor" fires their calm pulse, and much as has been written of the
+coolie system and the "Six Companies," nothing has been adduced which
+seems adequate to explain the movement.
+
+The fact is, God is in it. He is crowding these heathen upon our
+churches in these missionary days of an opening world, first of all to
+prove our Christianity. Do we believe that all men are brothers? Do we
+believe that the Holy Ghost who renewed our hearts can renew these? Do
+we believe that the Lord who died for us, died for the world? Do we
+believe--not that the world--but that this particular heathen as he
+stands before us in his blue blouse, or sits at our side with his
+reading-book, is as dear to our heavenly Father as you and I are? Do we
+believe that we are to go to him with the gospel to find a way for the
+truth into his heart, to bear his burdens, to win him by love, and that
+without him we ourselves can not be made perfect? Do we believe, in
+short, that God has brought him here to our door that we might learn
+that if we have not a religion that will save, and will make us eager to
+have it save a Chinaman, we have not a religion that will save
+ourselves?
+
+Seven hundred and fifty of these men already members of the churches
+connected with our mission on the Pacific Coast! and who will say how
+many more on the rolls of our churches from St. Louis to Boston! What
+are these Chinese converts, the fruitage of our Sunday-schools and
+prayer-meetings, our personal labor, but God's blessed seal set upon our
+Christian faith! Here is the evidence. Ours is the conquering faith of
+the world. It will save every man, for it has saved these men, no less
+than you and me.
+
+But this is not all. China's day has come. We hear from beyond the sea
+of the new railway, the awful floods, the burning of the "Altar of
+Heaven," and the strange stirrings of the mind of that mighty people,
+the oldest, and judged by its persistent life, the strongest now on the
+globe. Merchants tell us of its limitless trade: diplomatists speak of
+its astuteness and of its new navy, second only to that of England;
+scholars wonder at a nation of heathen with whom learning determines
+rank, and where the "boss" and the fixer of elections are unknown.
+Missionaries write of the throngs that gather in strange cities to hear
+them preach, of the new gentleness and courtesy everywhere shown them,
+and of the increasing number of young people pressing into the mission
+schools.
+
+In the midst of all this, when the Lord's voice is heard calling us to
+lift up our eyes and look on the fields now white for the harvest, comes
+word from our solitary watchman upon the watch-tower in Hong-Kong that
+when he returned to his post, as he did last year, perplexed and
+down-hearted, because not one Christian in all America heeded his call
+and went with him to his field, to his surprise and joy the Lord has
+been preparing his own servants in the person of Chinese emigrants
+coming home from America, bringing with them not money only and
+knowledge of the wide world, but the new-found faith; graduates of
+laundries, but also of our Sunday-schools, members of our churches,
+filled with an eager spirit to tell their parents, their brethren, their
+neighbors, of Jesus Christ. Ah, dear friends, God's ways are not as our
+ways. Let us not be slow to catch his thought and walk where he leads.
+
+Here, then, is the call to us. Begin with the Chinaman at your door.
+Recognize that the Lord Jesus stands before you in him. You prove your
+own faith; you "do it unto" your Lord; you forward the plan of God when
+you take him by the hand and gently entreat him for Christ.
+
+For the same reason you will give your money to support the work of this
+Association. No work has been more devoted, more upheld by prayer, more
+Christlike, or, we may add, more deservedly successful than that under
+the lead of our representative, Dr. Pond, on the Pacific Coast. He has
+already surrounded himself with a band of trained Christian converts,
+who would be a joy in any field, and who are making themselves felt for
+good far and wide. Their influence reaches to Chicago, St. Louis, and
+even Boston and New York. It is ours to see that the Christian city they
+find here is not less Christlike than that which met them when they
+landed on our shores, and that the hoodlum of our Eastern cities no more
+represents the spirit of our churches than does he of San Francisco and
+of Oakland. Let us be careful to show that our hand will be as promptly
+raised to protect the helpless Chinaman from insult on the street as it
+will be to lead his soul to Christ. Let us insist upon it, as Americans
+and as Christians, that no distinction of race or of color shall stand
+between any man and his rights, either in the State or in the Church.
+Then may we hope that all--white and black, Chinaman and American--will
+care less for rights and more for duties, and, in the joy of a true
+brotherhood, will labor together to bring in the day of the Lord. In any
+case, let us, with all our multiform machinery, our conventions, our
+societies, our churches, be not so busy "saving souls" that we have not
+care to save men and women.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+REPORT OF THE FINANCE COMMITTEE.
+
+BY F.J. LAMB, ESQ., CHAIRMAN.
+
+Your committee beg leave to report that they have had under
+consideration the matters committed to them. They have been attended by
+your Treasurer, and they have examined his reports submitted,
+particularly the detailed statement of receipts and expenditures for the
+year closed; also statement of trust funds of the Association; also
+statement of resources and liabilities, and of the income of the Daniel
+Hand Educational Fund for the same period. These statements come to us
+duly vouched for by the standing committee of auditors elected by the
+Association. A summarized statement of receipts and expenditures has
+been printed and distributed at this meeting, which accords with the
+detailed report. Other reports show that the invested funds of the
+Association, aside from the Daniel Hand Fund, are $230,875.78, being
+$500 more than in the previous year. From the statement of resources and
+liabilities, we find that the various colleges, schools, stations,
+buildings, and property constituting what may be termed the plant of the
+Association, amount, at their estimated value, to $745,849. This is a
+large sum, but the investment yields no pecuniary return to the
+Association. It represents the fixed property with which the Association
+carries on its work, and the figures may serve in some measure to
+apprise us of the magnitude of the work being carried on by the
+Association.
+
+The Daniel Hand Fund is a separate and distinct trust, and its income
+cannot be used for the general work of the Association, and may demand
+some further notice before this report is closed. The general condition
+of the fund is found on the printed abstract already mentioned.
+
+We find the system of keeping the accounts clear, convenient, and well
+adapted to exhibit from month to month the exact pecuniary condition of
+the Association, and the restrictions upon drawing money from the
+treasury well calculated to insure safety in that respect, and we find
+the management of the Treasurer's accounts and office in all details
+satisfactory and deserving our commendation. Comparing the gifts and
+work of the Association for the last year just closed with the previous
+year, and the recommendations of the Finance Committee a year ago, we
+find that the year 1888 closed with a deficit of over $5,000, that the
+amount of receipts for that year had been $320,953.42; that the Finance
+Committee then recommended that the friends of the Association should
+raise for the year $375,000 for its current expenditures. It is a source
+of great gratification to find that this recommendation has been nobly
+met, and $376,216.88 have been received during the year just closed, an
+increase of over $55,000; that the deficit of the former year has been
+supplied, and that the Association commences the current year with a
+fund in the treasury of $4,471.67. This we deem substantial indorsement
+of the Association and its work, by the churches, Sunday-schools,
+missionary societies and its individual friends. This report might stop
+here with congratulations for the prosperous year just closed, but the
+duties so well done, and work so well performed, must simply furnish the
+Association a standing place and vantage ground for a greater work on
+its part, and grounds for greater sacrifices and gifts by its friends
+for the year to come.
+
+The National Council, representing the Congregational churches of the
+whole nation, lately in session at Worcester, by a unanimous vote
+recommended that the churches and friends of the work of this
+Association raise for it for current expenditures for the year now
+commenced the sum of $500,000. Is this magnificent sum too much to ask
+for the year now auspiciously begun? Happily for your committee, we are
+saved the necessity of elaborate or studied examination of the needs of
+the work that has been done by the papers read and to be printed and
+addresses delivered from the platform during the meetings up to this
+time. You are thus informed more fully than we could hope to inform you
+what these needs are and their urgency. But we may say that of the
+8,000,000 Negroes in the South it is estimated only 2,000,000 can read
+and write. Add to these the millions of poor whites in the mountains and
+the red men of the West and the Chinese in our land, and we are fully
+justified in asserting that the work of this Association equals in
+magnitude any work of the church, and involves issues of Christianity,
+and patriotism touched by no other work of our age. It is estimated by
+the officers of the Association that through its schools and colleges
+and the teachers furnished by them, who are instructing the children in
+the South more or less every year, perhaps 175,000 are being reached and
+instructed. Assuming that as many are reached by other missionary and
+benevolent societies, we see the tremendous need that can not be
+ignored. This burden is laid peculiarly and urgently on this society and
+its contributing friends. Can we meet this duty with less than $500,000
+for the current year? Your committee say, No. Perhaps you will be ready
+to acquiesce. But let us see what this means. It means that every living
+donor who contributed last year must increase his contribution 50 per
+cent., or the number of donors must be largely increased. A large amount
+was received last year from estates and legacies, namely, $114,020.41.
+This resource is a variable quantity. The Association can not _depend_
+on any increase from this source. Its confidence must be in the living,
+who can give if they will.
+
+Your Committee deem it proper to call more particular attention to the
+magnificent gift of Daniel Hand to the Association. It is quite likely
+that some may suppose, and some may have measured their gifts last year
+in the belief, that the income of this fund was applicable to pay
+current expenses of the Association. But this is not so. The Daniel Hand
+Fund is appropriated to special work, which, although connected
+generally with the work of the Association, is yet not a part of that
+ordinary work for which this fund we recommend to be raised is to be
+expended. Hence all friends of the Association must make and measure
+their gifts to it understanding that the sum we propose must be raised
+without any aid from the income from that million dollars constituting
+one of the grandest gifts of our time. Shall this $500,000 for the
+current work of the Association for 1889 be furnished to it? This is
+God's work. The churches here represented and the friends of the
+Association have the money. It can not be put to any nobler Christian
+use; the needs demand it, and we recommend that $500,000 be raised for
+the Association for its current work for the year now begun.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+REPORT ON SECRETARY STRIEBY'S PAPER.
+
+BY REV. G.B. WILLCOX, D.D., CHAIRMAN.
+
+The paper by Dr. Strieby impresses your committee as an admirably
+comprehensive and discriminating statement of the policy and work of the
+Association. As to the reconstruction of our educational and missionary
+societies, to the suggestion of which much of the paper calls attention,
+and from which he dissents, we should do well to make haste slowly. Some
+time in the future it may become practicable. But we discover no finger
+of Providence pointing toward it at present.
+
+If the thought were to reduce our societies to which these interests are
+intrusted to two, calling for but two annual collections where we now
+have three or four, it needs no prophet to foresee the effect of that on
+the amounts collected. If the suggestion is of the reconstruction, not
+of the societies, but only of the work--if it proposes that our
+educational and missionary enterprises be so divided that no one society
+shall to any extent conduct both--it has certainly an attractive look.
+
+But is it more than a look? The educational institutions of several of
+our societies were born out of the inmost life of those organizations
+and lie on their bosom for nourishment to-day. To ask the American
+Board, for example, to turn over its colleges and schools to some other
+society, for that, of course, is involved in the plan suggested--would
+be like asking one of our Christian mothers to send her babe to the
+foundlings' home. Some of us are old enough to remember that the
+venerable and now sainted Dr. Anderson was at first vehemently opposed
+to the schools planted by the missionaries in India. It was confounding
+things that differ. The work of a missionary society was not to manage
+schools. The schools were discontinued. But the Board soon discovered
+that it was doing its work with but one hand. The schools came back and
+came to stay. Now we conservatives are rather jealous of our progressive
+brethren calling for a reconstruction of the American Board. We know not
+whereto this thing may grow.
+
+If the colleges and schools of the American Missionary Association were
+secular, if they had no vital oneness of life with its churches, there
+might be room for the plan suggested. But they are as thoroughly
+Christian in their aim as the churches. The churches are as
+indispensably educational as the schools. As Dr. Strieby remarks, the
+teacher is often the pastor. The pastor finds a great part of his flock
+in the school. The teachers teach in his Sunday-school. The
+prayer-meeting depends on them for its success. The unseen shuttles of
+mutual sympathy, flying back and forth incessantly, are weaving the two
+together, and working out the one pattern of the Divine life in souls,
+that covers both. The plan proposed would, at least to the eye,
+disentangle all complications. It would lay out the work in the
+Year-Book with clean-cut precision. But vital things are not always
+improved by vivisection. It would doubtless simplify our apprehension of
+the organs of a _man_ to lay the lungs on one side of the table, the
+heart on another, the liver on a third, and the brains on a fourth. But
+how far it would enhance the vitality and usefulness of the man is
+another question. There is an organism which is often, and without harm,
+in that fashion distributed. But it is a mannikin--not a man.
+
+The one most formidable evil among our colored countrymen is their
+deplorable ignorance of the connection between religion and morality--or
+rather the fact that religion, on its outward side, is morality. The
+sable deacon who, when confronted with a list of his sins as dark as his
+countenance, replied triumphantly; "Well, bredren, I'se broke ebery
+commandment ob de ten--but bress de Lord, I'se nebber los' my 'ligion,"
+was no monster of iniquity. He was only saturated and sodden with the
+delusion which submerges Pagan, Mohammedan, and Papist alike, and throws
+no little of its froth over Protestant, too often, that duties toward
+God and toward man are not blended, or even dove-tailed together. But
+they are weights in opposite scales. Be only devout in your penances or
+your hallelujahs, and your life among men is of little account. Now,
+that notion can not be corrected in such a people as that one with which
+we have to do in the South by an occasional Sunday sermon. In the
+day-school it must be reiterated morning, noon, and night in various
+applications, line upon line and precept upon precept. And so, on the
+other hand, teachers, as well as scholars, must be reminded by pastors,
+with a little Puritan iron in their blood, of their Christian, as well
+as educational obligations. One member of your committee who has had
+practical experience in the Southern work reports that some teachers,
+occasionally even now, need to be reminded of the Christian service that
+the Association, as well as the Master, expects from them. But divide
+these different functions, put the churches and Sunday-schools under
+other auspices, and, self-evidently, that temptation would be so much
+the worse. We must have groped out of the morning twilight toward the
+millennial day much further than we have before any such plan can be
+reduced to fact.
+
+Dr. Strieby speaks in the paper of his clerical friend of twenty-five
+years ago, who thought the work of the Association would be transient.
+It reminds us of Mr. Seward's remark that three months would end the
+civil war. We are in for a long campaign. The sad fact is not to be
+blinked that, with the enormous increase of the colored population, the
+illiteracy among them is greater to-day than at the close of the
+rebellion. We have need to sing at times:
+
+     O, learn to scorn the praise of men:
+     O, learn to lose with God.
+
+As Dr. Goodwin grandly told us yesterday, our work is under the Master's
+order. Success is no concern of ours. But success, because it is His
+concern, is sure. Every losing battle in His service turns in time to
+victory. We remember in Count Agenor de Gasparin's "Uprising of a Great
+People," how spell-bound, awe-struck, he appeared to be before that
+magnificent ground swell of the loyal nation, rolling on, as a traveling
+mountain range, to sweep the rebellion as drift-wood before it. The
+eight millions of the freedmen and their children are rising. If, for
+the present, there are refluent waves that sadden us it is God who
+brings in the tide. "And when I begin," saith the Lord, "I will also
+make an end."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+REPORT ON SECRETARY BEARD'S PAPER.
+
+BY REV. H.M. TENNEY, D.D., CHAIRMAN
+
+The committee to which was referred the paper of Secretary Beard
+respectfully report that the "Missionary View of the Southern Situation"
+therein presented impresses us profoundly with the fact that the
+sincerest piety is the most exalted patriotism. It commends itself to us
+as worthy of the most serious attention of the thoughtful of both races
+in the North and in the South. The gravity of the Southern problem, as
+set before us, is little less than appalling. The colored race now looks
+back over a quarter of a century of freedom and recognized rights. The
+traditions and customs and conservative ties of slavery are broken with
+its chains. The ideas, aspirations and manly instincts of liberty have
+taken hold upon the colored people and are becoming controlling. The
+intellectual progress of the many, the political and national prominence
+of the few, the acquisition of wealth, and the marvelously
+disproportionate increase in their numbers, serve to awaken the colored
+race to self-consciousness and a sense of power. It is beginning to
+demand its rights and to be impatient of their resistance and
+suppression. The Samson of the past, bound, shorn and blinded, stands
+to-day with fetters broken, with locks grown long, and with eyes yet
+dim, but with the dimness of returning vision, as one who sees men as
+trees walking. And whether he shall be carried on to complete
+emancipation, intellectual and spiritual, a true manhood, or goaded to
+madness, and driven to bow himself against the pillars of our national
+and social temple, and pull it down to the common ruin of us all, is the
+question of the hour. A race so situated, were there no other factors in
+the problem, would be a peril to any people, and would call for the most
+helpful effort and self-sacrificing zeal and Christ-like patience.
+
+But the white man in the Southern situation is as serious a factor in
+the problem as the black man. In a different way, the incubus of slavery
+has rested as heavily upon him as upon his black brother. The illiteracy
+is not all on one side. If we put ourselves in the place of our Southern
+white brothers, and remember what human nature is, apart from the grace
+of God, we may not greatly wonder, in view of the heritage of the past
+and the real difficulties and perils of the present, that there is an
+intensity of race prejudice, and a bitterness of caste spirit, and an
+increasing hostility to the rising colored population which registers
+itself in outbreaks of violence and bloodshed, in the defiance of law,
+and in crimes against the ballot-box. We may not be greatly surprised
+that there should be intelligent men who regard the education of the
+colored man as a calamity, and deny his rights, and call for his
+disfranchisement. The white man of the South needs emancipation and
+Christian elevation as well as the black. We are the debtors of Christ
+to both races. Leave these two races to themselves without the gospel of
+Christ, and the conflict between them is inevitable, and it can be but
+terrific and protracted, and a dark blot upon the Christian name and
+civilization. Dr. Beard has well said that the problem can not be solved
+by historic precedents. All talk of slavery or peonage for the inferior
+race, or migration, or extermination, or amalgamation, is idle and
+morally repugnant and politically dangerous.
+
+The problem set for our solution by Almighty God is just this--as stated
+in this missionary view of it: How, being free, two races as dissimilar
+as are the white and black races, now equal before the law, can live
+side by side under the same government and live in prosperity and peace.
+This problem must be solved, and it must be solved aright. And we may be
+sure that the ultimate solution of blessing for both races does not, and
+can not, lie in any retrograde movement toward the old darkness and
+bondage, but forward in the direction of the larger light and truer
+liberty of Christ. If the colored race, as a race, seems to have reached
+a point when "a little knowledge is a dangerous thing," its hope and
+ours lie not in a return to ignorance and degradation, but in pressing
+on to that larger knowledge and truer wisdom, the beginning of which is
+the fear of God, and the fullness of which is a hearty recognition and
+cordial acceptance and discharge of the obligations and trusts of a
+Christian manhood and Christian citizenship. The condition of the
+colored race, indeed, is but a necessary stage in its upward and onward
+march. It is no other than we have always had reason to expect would be
+reached. That the mile-stone of to-day marks so great progress is cause
+for profound gratitude. The new features of the situation and the fresh
+difficulties are those, and those only, which are incident to progress.
+
+There is but one solution for the Southern problem, and that is the
+solution for which this Association has labored from the beginning, and
+which this paper urges. Christianity in its highest forms, an
+intelligent Christian manhood, is that solution. It is an impressive
+thought that it is the mission of this Association, more than all other
+institutions and agencies, to develop that Christian sentiment among the
+colored people, and indirectly among the whites, which shall create a
+_balance of power_ which shall save the races and the nation from that
+conflict which without it seems inevitable. This fact is a trumpet call
+to us to press the work of the Association in its schools and colleges
+and churches with renewed vigor and devotion.
+
+And we would especially emphasize the necessity of preserving the unity
+of the educational and religious work of the Association to this end.
+Every teacher must be a missionary as truly as every preacher. And this
+unity of purpose and effort must be felt. Church and school, as in the
+past, must continue to stand together in the minds and labors of the
+people that there may be no exaltation of education at the expense of
+religion. In the dark days of slavery, it was faith in God that
+sustained the Negro, that inspired his songs, and that made him strong
+to endure and patient to wait. And it was by the power of God that he
+was at last set free. Never did the colored man need that faith in God,
+and in an overruling and guiding Providence, more than now, when the
+goal of liberty and equality is so nearly attained, and yet strangely
+delayed. Nobly do the leaders of the race realize that faith, and seek
+to lead their brethren into it.
+
+It belongs to this Association, by all the agencies at its command, to
+teach this people to be patient and to wait upon the Lord, to endure
+hardship, to leave vengeance with the Lord, and, accepting the
+responsibilities of liberty and citizenship, to gird themselves to meet
+them in the spirit and in the strength of a grand Christian manhood.
+This the history of this people warrants us in expecting from them. To
+this manhood, struggle and work we welcome them, and in it we pledge
+them our Christian support.
+
+Let this be the temper of those who hold the balance of power between
+the races in the South, and in no long time the slumbering conscience of
+the Southern white will respond. The noble utterances of the
+Southerners, who already demand that the Golden Rule shall be applied to
+the race problem, prove that it is already waking to life and power. It
+will be felt then that it cannot be safe to sin against God, to despise
+even the least of his children; that it must be safe to follow in the
+way where he leads, to do his bidding, and to give equal rights to all,
+and to treat all men as brethren. And thus the missionary view
+prevailing, and the missionary solution accepted, the perils and
+conflicts of to-day will disappear as the storm-cloud passes, and the
+difficulties of race relations now anticipated will adjust themselves in
+God's way, and in God's time--the way of Christian manhood and
+brotherhood, of righteousness and of peace.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+ADDRESSES ON THE PRECEDING REPORTS.
+
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+ADDRESS OF REV. WM. BURNET WRIGHT, D.D.
+
+When that Egyptian King, of whom we all know, was carving those
+memorials of his greatness which, even as brought to us by the magazines
+of late, have interested us all so much, and when Egypt was the most
+superb power in the world, slave women, of whom the mother of Moses was
+one, were lamenting by the Nile. But the people then to be pitied were
+not the Hebrews, but the Egyptians.
+
+As I think of the future of my country, my anxiety is not for the black
+race.
+
+The two nations which seem destined to exert in the near future the most
+intense and wide influence are Russia and the United States. Before each
+of them God has set essentially the same task and appears to have
+conditioned largely their prosperity upon the way in which they do it.
+That task is to develop into full-orbed free men a vast number of
+citizens who have been dwarfed and twisted by slavery. How to do this
+most thoroughly and speedily is the superlatively important question for
+each nation to decide. In Russia, there is no more acute observer than
+Count Tolstoi: and Count Tolstoi has said to his countrymen, "What we in
+Russia need supremely is three things; they are schools and schools and
+schools." The American Missionary Association, in view of all that has
+been said here these two days, seems to me to be repeating, with the
+emphasis of an adequate experience, those same words; and I think Mr.
+Hand has shown a judgment equal to his generosity in so wording the
+conditions of his gift that it repeats the same thing. The Association,
+whether intentionally or unintentionally, is telling us that what we
+need in the South supremely is "schools and schools and schools."
+
+By schools I certainly do not mean institutions which train only the
+mind or the body, or both. I am perfectly familiar with the picture
+which Mr. Maturin Ballou has drawn of the Alaska Indian using the
+knowledge gained in missionary schools to raise a check. I know that
+education which does not rightly train the will may be giving tools to a
+burglar or weapons to a mad man. The anarchism in Chicago, but for the
+education it controls, would have been like Bunyan's giants--able only
+to gnaw its nails in malice and have fits in sunshiny weather. But the
+American Missionary Association understands this thoroughly. In that
+copy of the year's review which Dr. Strieby sent me, the report of the
+school work was marked with a red pencil, that of the church work with a
+blue one; but the two marks overlapped, the red and the blue, so
+completely that all attempts to separate them were hopeless. Dr. Strieby
+himself could not distinguish between the church work and the school
+work of the Association. No man can. They are indistinguishable because
+they have been inseparable. This is as it should be. This is essential
+to their real success. This is New Testament preaching--discipling; and
+that is what the Master told us to do. The danger of Count Tolstoi's
+leadership in Russia is great, and it is solely this: that he does not
+know that fact. The safety of your guidance, gentlemen, who conduct the
+policy of this Association, is that you do. The education given by the
+State and by the Federal Government has been and must necessarily be,
+almost wholly secular. But the education given by this Association is
+distinctly, not technically, religious. It is rooted and grounded in the
+Bible. And if what I am saying appears to you trite, I am glad of it,
+because it shows that on the substantial facts we are at one and need no
+argument.
+
+There are, however, two facts which sharply distinguish between the work
+we have to do among our emancipated slaves and that set before Russia
+among her emancipated serfs, and which make it more conspicuously
+obvious than it can be in Russia that we need schools. We have, first of
+all, to contend with the prejudice of color. We have been told how great
+that is. I need spend no time in repeating this while the debates at
+Worcester and in the Episcopal Convention at New York ring in our ears;
+while Harvard seniors can not elect for class orator the ablest and
+fittest man they have if he happens to be colored, without eliciting
+from New York newspapers two-column editorials of amazement; and while
+writers as wise, as informed, and as calm as George Cable, are unable to
+write without showing their quivering apprehension of a race war. The
+wickedness of this class feeling is conceded by all good men, and I need
+not dwell upon it.
+
+The cause of it has been largely overlooked, and therefore the remedies
+so often advocated have proved futile. Until the cause is distinctly
+recognized and acknowledged and remedied, the prejudice will remain. The
+cause is this: All freeborn people in every age and clime have had a
+contempt for slaves. That is very near the feeling--mark my words--they
+ought to have. It was stronger in Athens than it has ever been in
+Charleston. It is partly, and has always been largely, caused by the
+wicked pride of mastership, but it has also been largely inspired by the
+perception of those vices and inferiorities which his condition breeds
+in the slave. Ignorance, deceit, cowardice, are contemptible; and
+therefore men who know better fall into the way of despising those who
+are ignorant and cowardly instead of trying to help them become the
+reverse of all these things. In nearly every other nation--there are two
+exceptions that will readily occur to you--save our own, as soon as the
+slave's chains have been broken and the slave's vices eradicated, the
+emancipated man has been absorbed among the class of freemen. There was
+nothing left to suggest that he had ever been a slave. The people forgot
+it. But the black man bears an ineffaceable mark that he belongs to a
+race which has been enslaved; and it is, therefore, in ninety-nine cases
+out of a hundred unconsciously but instinctively assumed that his is
+still the servile character. There is no natural antipathy between the
+white and the black races; if there were there could be no mulattoes.
+The sole reason of the persistence of this caste feeling is that the
+black man bears the mark saying to every one that sees him, "I belong to
+a race that has been enslaved:" and unconsciously men assume, "Therefore
+your character is still a servile character." The prejudice is deep; it
+is almost universal; and so long as there is a God in heaven who led
+forth the Hebrews and overthrew the Pharaohs, there will be no safety
+for this Nation of ours until the prejudice is obliterated, as
+completely as that which once existed and was more intense between the
+Anglo-Saxon and the Norman. If, as has been the case in many another
+land, there should arise an emergency threatening the existence of our
+Nation, and there were one man, and only one, capable of steering us
+through the storm into safety--some Lincoln or Washington--and if every
+voter in our country knew that this man were the only one who could do
+it, that man, if he were black, could not be elected President. Were
+such an emergency to arise to-morrow, we should perish. We should perish
+by suicide, and richly deserve all that we got. There is no safety for
+our land until this prejudice of caste is gone. It never came by
+argument; it can never be argued away. It can not be smothered under
+legislation nor uprooted by resolutions nor effaced by tears. While good
+men feel it they will fight it, but the majority will yield to it and it
+can be decided in only one way. That way was well outlined by a colored
+student in Hampton Institute in the debating club of that institution.
+The subject for discussion was, "How Shall We Black Men Secure Our
+Rights?" The last speaker was black as ebony, and had been bred in his
+early years a slave. When he arose I expected to hear him repeat the
+familiar complaints and suggest the familiar remedies. He did neither.
+He simply said: "My friends, I do not agree with all that you have said.
+I think, as you do, that the way white people treat us in the street
+cars and hotels"--and he might have added, in churches, but he did
+not--"is wrong, unchristian, and cruel." And when he said that, there
+was a pathos in his voice which made me ashamed to be a white man.
+"But," he added, "while I think as you do that it is cruel, I do not
+think that the white people will ever stop treating us as inferiors so
+long as we are inferiors, and I think that they will despise us as long
+as they can. But when we get enough character in our hearts, enough
+brains in our head, and enough money in our pockets, they will stop
+calling us niggers!"
+
+He was right--a thousand times right. We must face the facts and steer
+by them, and not attempt to be guided by sentiment and emotions. So long
+as the sight of a black face instinctively suggests to us rags and
+ignorance, and servility and menial employments, just so long this
+prejudice of caste will endure, and no amount of individual genius,
+culture, or character will be able to brush the mildew of caste from any
+individual black man's brow. That lady may be a Florence Nightingale,
+but if I whisper, and whisper truly, that she came from the slums, that
+her sisters are in the penitentiary, and her brothers are thieves,
+society will never forgive her for not being in the penitentiary
+herself. Society will pity her in ostentatious magniloquence, which is
+far worse than contempt or neglect; perhaps it will clothe her with silk
+and diamonds; but it will never treat her as it would not dare not to
+treat any lady whom it felt its equal. As has been well said, what is
+needed is not patronage nor pity, but fact--the recognition of fact.
+When the sight of a black face shall no longer remind men that it
+belongs to a race of which the immense majority close at hand are still
+showing what we have driven into them by the lash and bound in them by
+chains; when the black face shall have clothed itself in associations as
+full of comfort and culture and Christian worth as a white man wears,
+"Negro" will be as honorable as "Caucasian." And for this, through its
+churches which are schools, and its schools which are churches, the
+American Missionary Association is laboring and praying with splendid
+success.
+
+I would like to remind you of the second point, which is emphasized by
+the statement in the report that a graduate, of Fisk University, with
+his wife, another graduate, has gone to Africa under commission of the
+American Board, and has there shown eminent abilities. Africa is the
+only continent on the planet that has never had a history. For
+millenniums it has been a locked closet. But in the providence of God
+the gaze of Christendom is now concentrated upon it. All the passions,
+good and bad, which push men are impelling the most adventurous and
+energetic of our race to look or to go thither. Love of money, love of
+adventure, love of power, love of man and love of God, are leading men
+to look into the 200,000,000 dusky faces there from which the veil has
+at last been thrown back. Meanwhile 8,000,000 of that race whose
+Christianizing means the regeneration of a continent vaster than Europe
+and the inauguration of a history perhaps to be more splendid than that
+which Europe has wrought out in two millenniums, are here for you and me
+to educate. Do you believe these facts are accidents? Do you believe
+that He who maketh the wrath of man to praise Him and restraineth the
+remainder of wrath has not ordained them according to the counsels of
+his own will? There never can be a Christian education which does not
+plant and foster the missionary spirit. Is it a dream? If so, let me die
+before I wake. Is it a dream that among 8,000,000 of our fellow citizens
+each of whom, as Dr. Strieby told us at New York, is qualified to live,
+perhaps to thrive, in the climate which has proved a grave to
+Anglo-Saxons, each of whom is qualified to visit Africa with a fair hope
+of making himself received as a child returning unto his own household?
+Is it too much to hope that, under the Christian education we may give
+them if we will, enough will desire to preach Christ to the dark continent
+to gem it with life and light as the sky is gemmed with stars?
+
+I am too old to do it, but so complete is my conviction that the future
+of the race in the coming century shall move toward Africa as in the
+ages following Paul it moved toward the North and West of Europe, that
+were I a young man, loyal and devoted to my Master, and trying as he
+told his followers by Gennesaret to read in the morning and evening red
+the signs of the times, I should not go to Africa, perhaps; I would go
+to Tougaloo University, I think, and there devote all my energies and
+powers to instructing black men in the meaning and scope and inspiration
+and promise of the Master's words, "Go ye."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+ADDRESS OF REV. F.P. WOODBURY, D.D.
+
+I feel that I have learned a great deal to-day; and as the last speaker
+spoke concerning Africa, an idea has come into my mind which I may
+express. Here we have on one side of the great ocean, Africa; on the
+other side, America. We have here a race conflict; on the one side eight
+millions of blacks, we will say, and perhaps eight millions of
+irreconcilable whites on the other. And these dominant eight millions of
+white men maintain, with the utmost pertinacity--and they have the power
+in their right hand so far as we can see--that they propose to rule and
+keep down those eight millions of black men. I have seen the title of a
+book recently published, "An Appeal to Pharoah," which is vouched for as
+a calm and temperate discussion of the question whether, after all, we
+are not going to get by this race difficulty by a great deportation to
+Africa. It is a good deal to raise the question of eight millions of men
+leaving one country and going across the ocean and settling in another
+continent. But isn't there something in it after all? Might it not
+compose the differences? I know that the cost would be very large, but
+careful estimates go to show that the cost is not anywhere near the
+amount we spent in our civil war. On the one side, we have these eight
+millions of black men--ignorant, very largely superstitious, still
+somewhat above those of the same color in Africa, and plunged here into
+an antagonism which is deep, and bitter, and hopeless. On the other
+side, we have these eight millions of white people who do not accept the
+results of the war. Isn't it better that eight millions shall go? I
+don't know. I think it deserves serious consideration.
+
+But when the question arises for practical consideration, I think there
+is another and a little deeper question that we ought to remember, and
+that is this: Which eight millions ought to go? Is it these who have
+been faithful to the American flag, who are straight in the line of
+progress that this republic proposes to maintain, who are in the line of
+the development of all the ages, who are looking upward? Or is it the
+eight millions who are hopelessly side-tracked by the purposes of
+infinite God, and who are standing here in this republic, undertaking to
+maintain a conflict that is necessarily one of despair, as sure as God
+is at the head of the universe? Expatriation if you please, deportation
+if you will; but consider the question whether it shall be eight
+millions of American patriots who are to be sent over to Africa or eight
+millions who have come out of a rebellion and maintain their seditious
+and rebellious attitude to-day.
+
+My friends, we all know that we are going to live together. There is no
+more baseless theory on God's earth than that we are going to take eight
+millions of men and send them out of this country, because they want to
+learn something, because they want to live like men and be men and
+citizens, and because God has put them here for our work and our
+education. I tell you, my friends, the immediate problem seems to me
+only one form of a larger problem. What is the problem of the planet
+to-day? Is it not the problem as to which of two theories shall maintain
+itself concerning the masses which are at the base of society? Isn't
+that the problem in every nation? Isn't it the problem here concerning
+white and black, red and yellow alike? There is no possible doubt about
+it. The labor problem, do you call it? Here is one theory which holds
+that the masses shall be kept down. Here is the other system which
+maintains that they shall be elevated. We have got to live with them in
+the world, for I imagine there is nobody talking about sending them to
+the moon. Don't you know, and I know that the world is growing smaller
+every year? Talk about neighborhood--look over this continent. Germany
+is here; Ireland is here; France is here; China is here; Africa is here.
+We are neighbors to everybody. We are touching elbows across the ocean
+all the time. If you send anybody to Africa, why, he is only next door;
+and by and by we shall have air ships that will float up over there in a
+few hours! How are you going to manage this thing? We have got to live
+together in this world, and nearer and nearer to one another with every
+generation; and this country may just as well be the field in which to
+try the experiment out as any other country on the face of the globe. I
+think we are going to try it out to the end. There are symptoms of it
+all around.
+
+But the conflict is here; it is in the air. It is not a conflict by
+sword. You know they tell the legend among the old mediaeval stories that
+in one of the great battles on one of the plains of Europe, after the
+quiet darkness of the night had settled over the scene, the field strewn
+all over with the forms of the mangled and the dead, there were seen in
+the shuddering midnight air to rise spirit forms maintaining the deadly
+conflict there, and carrying on the battle of the day. It seems to me,
+in some sense, true of us. The sword has done what the sword could do;
+it can do no more. But the conflict is here in the air, pronouncing
+itself with every event that drifts across our horizon. Harvard sets its
+seal on the brow of Clement Morgan, and the Memphis _Avalanche_ has no
+other word for him than to call him "that dusky steer with the crumpled
+forelock."
+
+My friends, we are going right forward in the field of conflict, which
+is the field of victory. One with God is a majority, and we are
+thousands with God. And we have on our side the weak and the helpless,
+too. I don't want any better aid than that. You know that Burke in that
+magnificent invective against Warren Hastings, when he rose to the very
+climax of it and told the story of those atrocious tortures to which the
+poor and ignorant and misguided peasants of India had been put, how they
+had had their fingers tied together and mashed with hammers, and other
+unmentionable things had been done to them, appealed to the parliament
+and said that if they should refuse justice those mashed and disabled
+hands, lifted high to Heaven in prayer, would call down the power of God
+for their deliverance. Is it not worse to mash and disable a mind and a
+soul than a hand? I tell you the prayers of the poor are on our side;
+and if we had nothing of all this magnificent achievement of this
+Association to look upon, we could look on those hands raised and those
+souls crying out from the social bondage of to-day, as they did from the
+physical bondage of a few years ago, and know that if God be for us we
+need not care who or what is against us.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+ADDRESS OF PROFESSOR GRAHAM TAYLOR.
+
+I have but a very few words to add to this report. The facts speak
+louder than any statement of them can. When skirting the Asiatic shore
+of the inner sea, that lonely traveler, Paul, heard a voice, he looked
+across to the shores of Europe, and there in the night stood a great
+colossal form, not of a naked savage, but a form clad perhaps, in the
+panoply of the Macedonian phalanx, the representative of the Europe that
+then was and was yet to be, the precursor, it may be, to the classically
+informed mind of the missionary to the Gentiles, of that long procession
+of great world conquerors. It was the Man of Macedon who stood there in
+the might of his strength and cried, like the crying of an infant in the
+night, the crying of an infant for the light, "Come: come over into
+Macedonia and help us."
+
+Now, my brethren, this was the cry of the strong for help. This was the
+cry of the peoples that were following the westward course of the star
+of empire. And yet, in their strength, they cried as though they were
+the weakest of woman born. And when that missionary, in response to that
+call, crossed the sea, though he came to that Macedonian city which had
+been the battle-scene of the contending forces of the Roman empire, he
+found access for the gospel into Europe through the open heart of one
+woman--Lydia, a seller of purple. And there, sitting down by the water
+course, where prayer was wont to be made, he just grouped those
+individuals into that unit of God's operations on the face of the earth,
+the local church. And this church was distinguished among the apostolic
+churches for its family traits, for the infusion of feminine grace and
+masculine strength, for the most domestic hospitality and the very
+faults of the close attritions of human life. There he planted the seed
+which has grown into our European and American civilization and
+Christianity.
+
+And so ever at the cry of the strong for help the gospel has had just
+these three great prime factors to present for the solution of the
+problems of every age: first, the home, with its priesthood of the
+father and mother, the sanctuary of the house and the ministrations of
+family life; secondly, the school; and thirdly, between the home and the
+school, the church. When our Lord himself, from all possible sources,
+made selection of the first among the many means he has chosen for the
+redemption of this world, he chose a trained personality. As the medium
+for the transmission of truth, no improvement, no change has been found
+in all the progress of the gospel. By this trained personality--the
+heart that has been led to live with Christ awhile, and then go forth in
+his name and filled with his love to the hearts that have place for that
+love and rootage for that life--this wonderful product of our Christian
+civilization has everywhere been produced.
+
+And I take it that in no one of the Christian agencies known to us are
+these three methods so wonderfully unified, so inseparably united, as
+the home and the church and the school are in the work of the American
+Missionary Association. They are one and the same. They are
+indissoluble. The long experience of this Association through this half
+century of specialized work does fit it, as the report has said, to give
+an almost commanding opinion in regard to the method of the work to be
+pursued among these very distinct classes. From the field as well as
+from the office, and from the experience of those longest at work, we
+learn that the school finds its ultimate aim only in the church; that,
+as a Christian agency, we are to work with the school only as a means to
+the end of building up that body of Christ on the face of the earth
+which is known by the name of his church. I do not see how the
+separation to any extent of school and church work can fail to break the
+unity of administration and hinder the progress of this gloriously
+on-going work.
+
+I have just one word to add in regard to the reflex influence of this
+church work upon the home churches. My brethren, there has been a great
+dearth in candidates for the ministry until very recently. It strikes me
+that there is no such object-lesson in all our land, inviting men to
+consecrate themselves to the noblest of purposes, as the heroic ministry
+of this Association. It needs the heroic element to attract young men.
+It needs something which is very plainly worth their while to live for
+and to work for and to consecrate their energies toward, in order to
+attract them from the allurements of business and material progress
+to-day. The Indian service of the British Government, and even the
+service of the great commercial companies, have that element of heroism
+in it them which has attracted the very best brain and brawn of the
+English race to India. So it seems to me we will have to hold up these
+great organizations, which reach down to the hard places of the land,
+which occupy places that require men to man them, in order to recruit
+the ranks of our ministers. A man needs to know that he will have to be
+all the more a man to be anything of a minister now-a-days, to attract
+him into this great work. And this heroic type of Christian ministry and
+of Christian manhood and womanhood, shown in the half century of this
+society's work and existence, is to my mind one of the great attractions
+upon the best, the strongest, and the most consecrated of those men and
+women who devote their lives to the service of the church.
+
+Its reflex influence upon every other branch of missionary activity in
+the church is very plain. It is to-day--I do not hesitate to say it--the
+hero of our organizations. It takes far less stamina, far less
+consecration, I believe, to go to India, or China, or Japan than it does
+to come out at the call of God and of this agency of His divine
+Providence and enter many a field manned by this Association. In the
+_personnel_ of our theological seminaries I have long noticed that the
+choicest spirits, the men with the stamp of courage upon them, those who
+are not working for place, but for Christ, and him alone, are the men
+who take up this work. They are the men who, when they come back to the
+schools of the prophets, thrill our hearts as no other men do with the
+story of the conquests of Christ in their own hearts as well as out in
+the hard fields which they cultivate for his sake; and there will be no
+more glowing missionary meeting of the seminary with which I have the
+honor to be connected than when the reports of this meeting shall be
+carried back to the brethren. The prayers of the class-rooms, the
+prayers of the missionary meetings, the yearnings of the hearts of the
+men who are preparing to follow in the footsteps of those who have
+heroically led the way, are the wires for these unseen and yet never
+unused electric currents which unite the North with the South, the
+frontier with the citadels of our common Christianity.
+
+We know very well the danger of a false education, of a school without A
+church, education without evangelization, a university without the heart
+of Christ beating in it. Great are the joy and confidence felt in the
+hearts of the constituency of this body that school and church are so
+inextricably interwoven with each other that if you plant a school it
+will develop into a church, and if the church comes it will eventually
+and inevitably re-act, and in a most blessed way in spiritual and often
+in material resources upon the school. We give largely to the school
+because there is a home beneath it and a church around it.
+
+I regard these churches of the American Missionary Association with
+their evangelistic and nurturing agencies, prime sociological factors
+for bringing in Christ's dear kingdom in this land of ours. It is their
+mission not only to remedy evils, not only to restore rights, but to be
+great constructive agencies of a new Christian civilization. For when
+Christ came, he came preaching, not the gospel of the individual, not a
+gospel simply to save that man, that woman, that child, but the gospel
+of the Kingdom, the gospel which this great Association so effectually
+preaches and not only preaches but applies and administers as well. And
+the time will not be far hence when this whole subject of the
+environment of the spiritual life will force itself so imperatively upon
+the study of the churches at home that they will take the type of their
+work and the inspiration for their new developments from the leadership
+of this and kindred missionary organizations which have set them these
+most brilliant examples of being ahead of the thought and the feeling of
+their day.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+ADDRESS OF REV. C.W. HIATT.
+
+More than fifty years ago De Tocqueville gave utterance to these
+prophetic words: "The most formidable of all the ills that threaten the
+future existence of the United States arises from the presence of a
+black population upon its territory." I think that that prophecy has
+been iterated and reiterated before this convention until we ought
+finally to let it rest as an established fact. I believe we are menaced
+by these eight millions of people, who are twice as great in number as
+were the people of the United Colonies when they broke from the
+mightiest naval and military power in history; but I believe that the
+peril that we are menaced by in the presence of this black man arises
+from his perils. There is a peril from the black man, but it is a peril
+secondary to the peril _of_ the black man upon this soil. I do not
+apprehend any uprising by Uncle Tom; but Uncle Tom is dead, and his son
+is here and his friends of a younger generation. These men are being
+gnarled and corrupted and imbruted, and are massing themselves, touching
+elbows one with another; and under the influences of the age in which we
+live are becoming a factor in our civilization which, unless we modify
+and change it under our Christian teaching, will render our Southland
+like that island on the north of the Caribbean Sea where to-day it is
+said that the name of Toussaint l'Ouverture, the original defender and
+liberator, is a hissing and a reproach.
+
+It was a fine augury of the future when the work for the ex-slave began
+at Fortress Monroe in the atmosphere of religion. Mary Peake, meeting
+the advancing multitudes of refugees, gospel in heart and primer in
+hand, as by divine suggestion, laid the pattern of all our succeeding
+toil. Side by side of mutual helpfulness God has placed the alphabet and
+decalogue, the teacher and the preacher, the school-house and the
+church. "What therefore God hath joined together let not man put
+asunder."
+
+The largest, grandest word in the title of this organization is
+"Missionary." When that word drops out its work will be done, for its
+call will have ceased. Our ultimate end and present purpose is, and
+always should be, simply this--to save. We cannot lift our fallen
+brother without the leverage of the cross.
+
+No field is wider, none more difficult, than that to which our eyes are
+turned, embracing as it does four of the five families of mankind. They
+huddle together in the lap of Christendom, but feel no warmth. They are
+a demonstration of the fact that civilization never touches barbarism
+without polluting it. The Indian, finding his highest ideal in the rude
+and tipsy defender of our flag; the Chinaman, taking home more
+heathenism than he brings; the Negro, bound tighter by the vices of the
+whites than ever he was by their iron chains--these three, ignorant of
+the Christ and grasping the satanic weaponry of our sinful land and age,
+together form the most discouraging of mission fields. Our laborers are
+faced by all the serious problems of the foreign land--problems
+unrelieved by a single romantic charm. When we send our missionaries to
+Africa they go to labor among the Africans; and when we send them down
+South they go to teach "niggers."
+
+Notice, then, what the report of this committee signifies in the
+presence of the fact that our laborers not only grapple with foreign
+languages, conceptions, idolatries, habits of benighted peoples, but all
+the time are hindered and assailed on every hand by these Bedouin Arabs
+of our land--the minions of mammon and the slaves of caste. To gather
+and hold and save in such a field as this, is task enough for the finest
+corps in the army of the Lord.
+
+In the presence of these well-known facts, the report of the committee
+adds another chapter to the Book of Acts. It gladdens our hearts with
+thrilling music--the music of ringing sickle and reaper's song. From all
+over this mighty field, from mountain, and savannah, and shore, and
+plain, we hear the resonant footsteps of advancing troops--a solid
+regiment of converts marching in the army of our Christ and into the
+fellowship of his Congregational Church. I want you to notice that this
+church which we have planted in the South is just the kind of a church
+to take these people and assimilate them, to save them and to preserve
+them to their highest usefulness. And why? In the first place, because
+it is a church that will take them in. I saw the other day this
+inscription over a great arch erected in honor of our Pan-American
+guests in the city of Cleveland, "Welcome All Americans." Well, the
+Congregational Church has put three talismanic letters over the portal
+of every church that it has planted in the South and in the West,
+"A.M.A.--All mankind acceptable."
+
+Every convert in our work has cosmopolitan views respecting the
+brotherhood of man. This means that one thousand people have seated
+themselves before an apostolic communion table. White, black, red and
+yellow, side by side in harmony before the broken memorials of the life
+of love. The spirit of color-caste is a post-apostolic devil. The most
+eminent convert of the evangelist Philip was as black as a middle vein
+of Massilon coal. Perhaps that is why they met in the desert and the
+spirit compassionately caught Philip away. The purest church and the
+purest ray of sunshine are alike--they absorb the seven colors of the
+spectrum. When the Creator flung the rainbow like a silken scarf over
+the shoulder of the summer cloud, he drew his color-line. Pentecostal
+blessings fell at Jerusalem, and have fallen ever since on the
+cosmopolitan church.
+
+The second feature of this church that adapts it to ours field is the
+open Bible. Every convert is armed with the shining sword--the sword of
+the spirit, which is the word of God, like the sword in the hand of the
+angel at Eden's gate, turning every way at once.
+
+You do not hear of immorality, gross and fearful, within the precincts
+of our Congregational churches. You do not hear of our people walking up
+the hills of the beatitudes over the broken tables of the law. The
+written word, like the Incarnate, goes into our congregations and drives
+out all the sellers of oxen and of doves. The Word, also, is the
+protection of these people against their greatest foe of this day--the
+encroaching power of the Church of Rome. Do you know that that ancient
+foe of liberty is stalking all across the twelve States of the South? Do
+you know what it means to have the Church of Rome take in hand these
+people of lowly and of feeble intelligence? We do not have to crossover
+to Austria or Italy in order to discern her aims, for the Nun of Kenmare
+has alighted upon our shores, and her alarming words are running through
+the land. Rome knows no color prejudice, and the foot of that great
+despotic power can rest just as easily upon a skin that is black as upon
+a neck that is of the purest alabaster. And the Congregational Church
+down South is the only champion against this papal see, for she has an
+aisle wide enough for five races of mankind to march up to her communion
+table, while the sword of the Spirit guards her portals.
+
+Again, I wish you to notice this fact: That this Church which we are
+planting is not only hiding a multitude of sins by saving these lowly
+people, but it is serving the interests of the State as well. When we
+remember that the polity of our church is a polity of liberty, that it
+teaches that rights and duties go hand in hand, that it takes just as
+much wisdom to elect the pastor of a church as the President of the
+United States, we can see that the moral influence of this polity of
+ours is serving the interests of our commonwealth. The Congregational
+Church is carrying the Pilgrim idea into the soil of the Cavalier.
+Straight University, Tillotson Institute, and these other schools, are
+but the outcropping of that old stone down in an Eastern harbor that we
+call Plymouth Rock. Down South are being planted those two principles
+upon which the great superstructure of our liberty rests firm--a church
+without a bishop and a state without a king. This is what
+Congregationalism is carrying into that land long ruled by
+aristocracies. It is giving these people who possess liberty the
+knowledge of how to use it aright.
+
+Finally we not only hide a multitude of sins, we not only serve the
+State, but we reach forth a long arm to save the world. Awhile ago I was
+in the study of Dr. Ladd. There, spread before us, were relics of his
+well remembered cruise along the Nile. There were implements for rude
+tillage of the soil, there were swords and spears beaten into shape by
+barbaric artisans, there were the cats and lizards and toads, objects of
+worship by unnumbered millions. Thus were displayed in object lesson the
+savagery and idolatry of one of the largest families of man. The Doctor
+placed his finger on the map at Mendi Mission. "There," said he, "I saw
+a row of missionaries graves. Their headstones sadly told the tale of
+the pestilential land. Two months, three months, nine months they
+survived, and then fell to rise no more. No white man can endure the
+clime."
+
+Another time I was at a commencement of Fisk University. I saw Professor
+Spence take two photographs, and hold them up before the gaze of five
+hundred intelligent colored youths, whose faces fairly glowed as they
+looked upon the well-remembered features of two of their alumni, who in
+Western Africa, if I mistake not, are teaching the gospel of Christ and
+enduring the rigors of the climate. And in the glowing features of these
+five hundred folk, I saw the prophecy of a splendid recruiting of our
+feeble forces in that continent which by and by shall not be dark. Ah,
+this work is grand! We are putting the cross of Jesus into the dusky
+hands that shall carry it not only to the land of the pyramids, not only
+to the land of the ancient wall; but, as I believe, there will come a
+day when some child now in our schools of the West, some Apache or
+Dakotan, will rise with apostolic fervor, and going southward along the
+isthmus and over the mountains will put this transfigured cross of
+Christ into the pampas and the llanos through which the Amazon and the
+Orinoco pour their majestic streams.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+ADDRESS OF REV. D.M. FISK, D.D.
+
+It may be fitting to add a few supplementary words corroborative of
+the hopeful view taken in this report on the Mountain Work. At first
+glance it does seem that this is a discouraging field. I need not
+recapitulate what has been said in the report already before you. It
+is sufficiently discouraging; the ignorance and poverty are not the
+worst features. The position of the clergy in many sections--I am
+happy to say not in all--is full of discouragement. The worst thing we
+have to face is the apathy of the people. Their phrase, "We-uns never
+asked you-uns to come here," is certainly most pathetic.
+
+What do we propose to do about it? What do we propose to do with more
+than two millions for whom Christ died, American citizens, in the very
+heart of our Nation, around whom the currents of commerce and industry
+swirl every day? Shall the greatest tidal wave of all time pass them by,
+and they not feel it for a moment? More than all, shall the great gospel
+of God, which is life, and hope, and peace, and home, for us, be nothing
+for them?
+
+I am happy to say that it is not all dark by any manner of means. Your
+committee is hopeful, the members of this Association are hopeful, our
+brethren on the frontier are hopeful. There are very many favorable
+things, and one of the most favorable is their increasing numbers. Do we
+stop to estimate what two millions of souls means? More than thirty
+thousand cradles filled in a single year.
+
+These men respect the Bible. They feel a superstitious regard for it;
+they are not infidel people. They have a simple, childlike faith, and
+the Bible word is to them final. Many things that many of us have to
+contend with, the brethren there do not meet I mean in the field of
+infidelity.
+
+They have great respect for woman if she respects herself. I have the
+statement of one of our workers in the South that a woman can go even
+among these men when they are drunk, and if she respects herself and has
+maintained her character she is perfectly safe in their midst.
+
+This same writer tells me of a young man who went out from one of their
+schools, and kept school in a certain place during the winter, When he
+returned, he said: "Nothing would tempt me to go back there again." Not
+so with the young ladies. It is one of the most astonishing signs of the
+times that really into the feeble hand of womanhood is given the key of
+the situation. They respect these girls, they reverence them and give
+them a place of dignity in their hearts. That makes it possible for
+these women to do a large and splendid work in the South.
+
+Once let these girls that come under the influence of our Christian
+Northern women who go there as teachers, and the graduates of these
+various colleges and schools that we have planted, and are about to
+plant in the South; once let common womanhood in the South that has been
+so much under the heel of this oppression; once let girlhood feel the
+power that has come go girlhood, that to them as young women in the
+cradle of these hills, under this fair sky is given the power to turn
+over in not less than thirty or forty years this whole country for God
+and humanity, for enlightenment and for Christian peace;--once let that
+idea get into the minds of these girls, and we have not the same problem
+that we have to-day.
+
+There is good blood there as well. There is a man in Congress to-day,
+honoring himself and his district and his nation, who went to school
+there, and I know not for how many years wore but one garment. I call
+that pretty good blood when from such circumstances a man can come up to
+such a large place.
+
+There is a transition time with this whole section. New conditions are
+being put upon them. They feel the outside movement of the world. A
+friend of mine is now in the South who has brought up a large quantity
+of lumber in a certain district, and when he finds the right man he will
+plant a school there. Coal and iron are being extensively worked. My
+brother here (the Rev. S.E. Lathrop) tells me that near Cumberland Gap
+four hundred houses have gone up within a very brief time, and over two
+thousand workmen are pushing into a section not before opened. It will
+not come in an hour or in a day; but by and by, when these men face the
+new life of our times, when they have once felt its pressure, and the
+tremendous disparity between their manner of living and the high kind of
+life of Northern homes and Northern hearthstones, they will move, and a
+change will come over the spirit of their dreams. Even now, the native
+preachers, who have been so hostile to our work, are coming to these,
+our pastors, and asking for light on the Bible. Furthermore, our pupils
+are going out and organizing county institutes, and the work is going on
+everywhere.
+
+There is a dark side to it, but I praise God there is a bright side. It
+is like a dam. When the dam begins to go, it will go all at once. Youth
+is on our side. In thirty years we shall not have the same problem we
+have now--no, not in twenty years. Wealth is coming in. A large tract of
+eleven thousand acres, containing some of the finest coal that the world
+knows, is being developed. This means a great influx of population, and
+this wealth is to be developed, and new material power is coming as an
+auxiliary to our spiritual power. This wealth is being converted. A man
+who five years ago was a godless man, and who owns to-day one-seventh of
+these eleven thousand acres of coal lands, was converted. He was made a
+Sunday-school Superintendent, but he could not say the Lord's Prayer;
+yet he was determined that the Lord's Prayer should be repeated in that
+school, and he hired a large number of small boys and gave them a dime
+apiece and told them to learn the Lord's Prayer that week. They did so;
+and when Sunday came, with a chorus to back him, he came on as a solo
+performer.
+
+A dear girl of my own acquaintance dressed, in one morning, fifteen or
+sixteen women and children. They came around her and felt her all over,
+and wondered at the complexity of her garments. I speak of this thing
+because it indicates that that old apathy is breaking up, and they are
+coming to look at new things and feel a new interest in the life outside
+of themselves. And as this same dear girl taught from thirty to fifty of
+these women, they listened eagerly, and the tears rolled down their
+cheeks, and they said to her, "Oh, come and tell us more about Jesus,
+for we want to be different kind of women, different kind of mothers."
+
+There was one girl, coarse enough in fiber, heavy enough in build, gross
+enough in appearance, who came out to one of our commencements, and went
+back with the arrow in her heart, saying, "I would give all the world if
+I had it, if I could write a piece and git up thar and read it like
+them." She went home determined she would go to college. She was a large
+girl, fifteen years old, yet did not know a single letter. She walked
+fifty miles nearly, and came and said to the college president that she
+wanted to work for her board, so that she could enter the school. What
+could she do? He found that really she was incapacitated for doing
+anything; but she said, "I can hoe corn like a nigger." Finally she was
+set at some sort of work, and that girl, after three or four years, went
+out as a school teacher into a district where young men dared not go,
+where her eyes were blistered with the sights she saw--men shot down
+before her face and eyes by the whisky distillers--and she was asked to
+organize a Sunday-school there. When any one starts a Sunday-school he
+is expected to preach, and so that girl had to become a preacher, and
+to-day she is preaching the gospel of God and spreading the work there.
+And yet she came from one of the very humblest classes.
+
+There is a peaceful invasion of this people by themselves. This mission
+of the people to themselves is one of the most hopeful things about this
+work. And when they realize that they have a mission, Pauline in spirit,
+unto their own people, then victory shall come to us.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+ADDRESS OF REV. ADDISON P. FOSTER, D.D.
+
+This Indian problem has been largely settled on its civil side. For many
+years the friends of the Indians have been consulting together, and have
+done their utmost to influence public opinion. And the Government has
+heeded the call--as it always does--of a widely extended and wise public
+sentiment; and, in consequence, our policy with regard to the Indian has
+been very largely re-shaped. To-day, by reason of the Dawes Bill, land
+is open to the Indians in severalty. There is a fair degree of law
+secured for the Indians. The great questions pertaining to their outward
+circumstances are under happy prospect of adjustment.
+
+But, this being the fact, it simply increases the necessity laid upon us
+to meet the requirements of the present day. The door is open for the
+Indian to become a citizen; and in this land, whenever any man receives
+the privileges of citizenship, it is incumbent upon us to see to it that
+he is fitted for that sacred obligation by the church and by the school.
+
+This is a necessity of our republic which we have recognized from our
+earliest day. When our fathers came to this land, they located side by
+side the school house and the church; and, wherever we have sought to
+open the privileges of the suffrage, and the dignities, and honors, and
+joys of citizenship, to any class of people among us, we have always
+felt it to be an imperative necessity to see to it that they had both
+these sacred training schools, the educational institution and the
+religious institution, side by side.
+
+Now to-day we have unusual opportunities. Everything seems to be coming
+to a focus in regard to our work for the Indians. Never has the time
+been so auspicious as it is to-day. Never have there been so many things
+combining to show to us that if we are to improve the opportunity God
+gives us to care for the Indian--this man who held this land before we
+came to it and from whom we have taken our possession--we must do it
+to-day. There are other great needs about us, other races and other
+classes and other conditions; but there is no other class appealing so
+intensely to the sympathies of all our people to-day, as is the Indian.
+This is one great explanation of the remarkable increase of the work of
+this Association among the Indians. How did it ever spring from an
+expenditure of $11,000 annually to $52,000, as it is to-day? Partly
+because the Government has been willing to aid, but still more because
+our people throughout the land have been intensely interested in the
+Indian and have been glad to help him. They have said by their gifts
+that now is the time, and we must leap to improve this opportunity or
+else it will slip away from us forever.
+
+It is the conviction of your committee--and I can voice it most
+perfectly--that we must improve this opportunity before it is gone, and
+that this people who have long suffered at the hands of their white
+brethren have a claim to our earnest Christian sympathy and to our
+heartiest effort to put them upon their feet. They are more than ready,
+they are anxious for our aid, they are crying to us for help.
+
+Now, let me say that the American Missionary Association has always felt
+the importance of working in evangelistic lines. It would be nothing if
+it had not the church before it as an incentive. It works primarily
+through the school; but always with the thought that the school is
+secondary, and that the church is the one great aim before it. And
+unless this incentive were before it, unless it recognized that its work
+was to bring men to Christ, and to bind them together in Christian
+churches, there would be but little to call for the great self-denials
+of Christian workers in the field and many Christian givers in the
+country at large. It is this thought that has ever been held up before
+it--the thought that the church and the school go together, and that the
+school is simply the handmaid of the church. We recognize the fact that
+in Congregationalism especially, out of all forms of religious belief,
+we cannot hope to make men earnest, effective Christians, caring for
+themselves, managing their own affairs independently, and having in them
+the heart to go out and work, unless we cultivate their minds as well.
+And so this Association has sought, and this body of Christians that
+represent the Association has sought, by gifts and by teaching, to
+develop the thought that there always should be an educational work
+going forward that there may be something to build upon. Christianity
+needs education in order to give it its largest power.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+ADDRESS OF REV. THOMAS L. RIGGS.
+
+It was said of Dr. Williamson by an old Indian that he had an Indian
+heart. I, too, have an Indian heart, and I can lay claim to that
+possession as but few can. It would take but a very little while to go
+from here into the very midst of our present Indian field. It took my
+father and Dr. Williamson, when they first entered the field, some six
+months to reach it. I could start to-morrow morning, and taking the cars
+in this city, and reaching Pierre by the following night, could be
+farther off by Saturday, farther from the border of the mission field,
+than my father and Dr. Williamson could after they had travelled six
+months.
+
+I would like to invite you to go with me on a tour of inspection of the
+mission field itself. I would take my two ponies and drive out to the
+Cheyenne River, and take you to one of our out-stations, and show you
+something of the influences at work in the field to-day. As we went up
+the valley, we would see the Indian village located there, and in the
+midst, on a rising piece of ground, the mission station. Over some of
+the houses we would see a red flag flying. That is a prayer, a votive
+offering; there are sick in that house, and that is a prayer to the gods
+that healing may come, and that death may be kept from them. Over on the
+right we would see the dance-house--a great octagonal house with an open
+roof, in which the Indians gather night after night to dance to the
+monotonous beating of the drum. That is a very common sound out in the
+Indian villages, bringing to us always that thought of slavery to evil.
+As we go up to the station itself, we would see something more of the
+work than you have as yet been able to see. If it be on the Sabbath, as
+we go in we would see a young man there, with his audience before him,
+not a very large audience--old men, old women, boys and girls--gathered
+on the rough benches, and very much as they are in their own homes. Some
+of the old women have their hair down over their faces, the boys with
+dirty hands, old men with their dirty blankets, and yet they are
+gathered around there to hear the word of life. The preacher, as he
+stands before them, tells them of God's wonderful love, and takes as his
+text that most wonderful verse in the Bible, "God so loved the world
+that he gave his only begotten Son."
+
+Then, as you look at the man who is preaching there, you would hardly
+recognize in him one who thirteen years ago was a savage, a painted
+Indian. As I look at him it seems a most wonderful thing that such a
+change has taken place. I knew him as a savage; a splendid fellow he
+was, and he is now a more splendid man than ever he was a savage; and he
+is teaching the gospel of Christ to his own people. I have been out
+there seventeen years, and if there were not another result to show for
+those seventeen years of work than the lifting up of this Clarence Ward,
+and making of him a man in Christ Jesus, I should be abundantly
+satisfied.
+
+There is another influence of which I would speak, the influence of the
+home. Here in our happy homes we know but very little of what that means
+to the Indian. An Indian has no home, in our sense of the word. Some
+years ago I went with a party of Indians 175 miles west of the Missouri
+River in the middle of winter. We climbed a mountain and looked away to
+the east. We could see, I should think, 150 miles, and the Indian as he
+sat there on the edge of a rock, covered his head up in a blanket and
+cried. Said he: "This is my country, and we have had to leave it." That
+was his idea of home--such a barren stretch as that, the snow glistening
+in the sunlight. The Dakota Indian lives in a region, not in a place.
+The Christian home coming into the midst of a village carries there an
+ideal of which the Indian knows nothing, and he is taught by the power
+of example day after day. The Christian woman in that home keeps her
+house clean, keeps her children clean, and stands there as a persistent
+example of the power of the gospel of soap, just as the man himself
+there who has become a Christian no longer steals horses. A party going
+out into an enemy's country would go as often for the sake of bringing
+back stolen horses, as they would for scalps. The man who has become a
+Christian is recognized at once as shut out from that privilege.
+
+Reference has been made to the opening up of the reservation, and the
+crisis is now upon us in connection with our Indian work. We have eleven
+million acres of land there just west of the Missouri River to be thrown
+open for settlement. Do you know what that means? Were any of you down
+at Oklahoma this last season? It means the rush of a swarm of people,
+good, bad and indifferent--chiefly bad and indifferent--and these
+settlers will crowd themselves in as a wedge between the two divisions
+of the Indian reservation, and we shall have Indians both to the north
+and to the south. They will be exposed to influences from which they
+have been kept as yet; influences which will tend to uplift in the
+outcome, as well as to degrade. I thank God for it. I thank God that he
+is bringing the white man into the midst of the Indian country. It may
+seem that this is a heroic remedy. So it is, but it is time for heroic
+remedies. We need to meet the question as it comes to us to-day. There
+is a ranchman out on Bad River, who tells me that there is no such thing
+as an Indian question. "Why," said I, "what are you talking about?"
+"There is no such thing," said he. I asked him how he explained it. "The
+simple thing to do is just to treat them as men, and that will be all
+there is to it. That will settle it, and there will be no such thing as
+an Indian question." Treat them as men and make Christians of them, and
+we will settle the whole thing.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+ADDRESS OF REV. HENRY A. STIMSON, D.D.
+
+Referring to Dr. Goodwin's powerful address, I find myself transported
+again to China; but the fact recurs to my mind that this is not a
+foreign missionary society, but a home missionary one, and what we have
+to do is to open our minds to the conviction that it is possible to do
+at home plenty of work for the Chinaman. I am glad to give a little
+personal testimony because what we need most of all is to be convinced
+of the necessity to give time and strength and labor to win the
+individual Chinaman to Christ. Not very long ago there came to my
+knowledge in St. Louis an ordinary Chinaman, comparatively a young man.
+He joined our church and I knew he desired to be recognized as a
+Christian man. About a year before, he had been a member of a
+Sunday-school where ladies were teaching Chinese. Before that our
+newspapers had created great outcry about a case of leprosy in the city.
+This Chinaman appeared at my house in great trepidation. He had been two
+or three years in this country, and had been saving his money in order
+to go back and see his mother's face before she would die, and he hoped
+to be able to return to China in the following fall. He had learned that
+there was a Chinaman, unknown to him, lying ill in a little laundry, of
+a disease of which nothing was known, without friends and without care.
+He took care of this man, leaving his own work for the purpose, and at
+length he came to me asking where he could get a physician to attend the
+patient. I gave him a note to one of the best physicians in my own
+church, who went at once and saw the man, and he seeing it was a strange
+form of disease, went to a specialist of skin diseases, who had the man
+brought to a hospital in order to watch his disease. Rumors of this
+reaching the newspapers, the reporters thought it a good opportunity to
+make a story about leprosy, giving the number and street of an imaginary
+laundry in the heart of the city. Instantly the patronage of the Chinese
+laundries stopped. My Chinese friend was in the greatest distress about
+it, and particularly about me, lest I should think he had brought the
+contagious disease to my house. I could hardly persuade him to enter,
+and then he told me there was no truth in the story of the newspapers,
+and asked what he should do. What was the result of the story? The
+Chinaman took care of his friend in the house and in the hospital,
+paying considerable for his care, and when he recovered sent him to San
+Francisco--in fact, spent about $180 on him, the whole sum he had saved
+to take himself home to his mother, and he did this for a man who was as
+utterly unknown to him as to you or me. He also came to me with a $10
+bill to pay the doctor, saying it was not enough, but it was all the
+money he had, and he would add to it by and by. All we want is testimony
+as to the character of the Chinese. Here was a man not converted by
+Moody or by any service, but by the ministry of an unknown Sunday-school
+teacher; as the result of that simple agency he found a charity so
+Christ-like as to do work like this. That little Chinaman brought to me
+some of his companions, asking me to do something to help them to be
+Christians, and as the result of his work a large Sunday-school is
+to-day in operation. There is abundance of such testimony, I believe, to
+be furnished throughout our land, which we should have before our heart as
+an answer to the anti-Chinese mania which now and then sweeps over this
+country. Help us to carry the gospel to these men of unmeasured
+possibilities, whom God in his mercy has brought across the seas to
+plead at our doors.
+
+This audience can help the Chinese in a better way than giving them
+money. That Chinaman was asked in my house the other day how many hours
+he slept, and he said, "Two or three." "Are you ever troubled by
+hoodlums?" "Yes, every day. They break the windows. Last week they broke
+into my laundry and stole five bundles of clothes, for which I had to
+pay customers $20." "Do you get no protection from the police?" I asked
+him. He shook his head--yes, sometimes, but they were no good. The
+Chinese have the same right to life and liberty that we have, and if we
+get them that, they'll get the money fast enough themselves. We owe it
+to the Chinese that they get protection.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+ADDRESS OF REV. E.P. GOODWIN, D.D.
+
+I rejoice that I can lift my voice at least in a word of commendation,
+if such a word seem in any sense to be needed, in the furtherance of
+this particular kind of work. I remind myself sometimes that this very
+tone of apology is a tone that ought to set some of us, as ministers and
+as brethren, to reconsidering our conception of the gospel. Why,
+beloved, suppose it were an admitted fact that for the next hundred
+years not a solitary Chinaman would be converted. What then? Do you
+imagine that that fact would absolve us from allegiance to the commands
+of the Lord Jesus Christ? You will remind yourselves--I am sure I remind
+myself often--that in respect to our Christian work, the breadth of it
+and the particular departments of it, we have absolutely no option
+whatsoever: that when our Master said to his disciples, "Go ye into all
+the world and preach the gospel to every creature," he made no exception
+of those that might have almond eyes and yellow faces, nor of those that
+might have black skins and woolly hair; that he took in, in that wide
+sweep of his omniscient vision, every nation and kindred under the whole
+sky, and that should exist until the kingdom itself should come.
+
+If it could be demonstrated that it required ten times as much work and
+ten times as much money to convert the Chinaman as anybody else, then
+all the more because of degradation and superstition and idolatry and
+hardness of heart--all the more must I storm the Gibraltar of that
+paganism. The Master's principle seemed to be, "Give ye them to eat."
+The fact of hunger is what lays the law upon the hearts of the
+disciples; and by so much as men are more hungered--if there be one
+nation more so than another--by so much as they are nearer to starving
+for the bread of life, by so much the more are your heart and my heart
+called upon in the name and in the sympathy of Jesus Christ, to respond
+to that cause. Those disciples of that early day might just as well have
+said, "Master, we can not feed all these ten thousand. We will pick out
+those around us, the nearest at hand. We won't touch that set of lepers
+just over there from Capernaum; we won't have anything to do with that
+other set of outcasts and vagabonds drifted in here, some of them from
+Samaria; we will have nothing whatever to do with these wretches from
+Chorazin--gamblers and abandoned people of every sort."
+
+What do you think would have been his response to that sort of argument?
+I think if Peter had given him any such plea as that it would have cut
+him off hopelessly from any apostleship. There would have been a new
+band of apostles that would have been instituted then and there that
+were willing to take the Master's command, take Him as responsible for
+the authority and for the result. They knew better; they knew Him
+better; and though they had their little scant loaves that would not
+give a quarter of a crumb apiece to the great multitude, they said:
+"That is not our responsibility; ours is to obey. It is His to furnish
+when the resources fail." Brethren, that is my theory of missions.
+
+Do you remember the little anecdote about Francis Xavier, that before he
+went abroad as a missionary to China, while he was sleeping with his
+room-mate one night, he startled him by rising in his sleep and throwing
+out his arms with great urgency, as he said, "Yet more, oh, my God, yet
+more!" His comrade wakened him and asked him what he meant. "Why," said
+he, "I was having a vision of things in the East. I was seeing
+missionaries tortured; some of them were being burned, some of them were
+having their flesh torn from their bodies, and in many ways they seemed
+to be suffering in their testimony for Christ's sake. And as I looked,
+the tears came to my eyes, and a voice said to me, 'That is what it will
+cost you if you go on this missionary tour. Are you willing to take the
+cost?' And I said, 'Oh, Lord Jesus; yet more, yet more, if I may win
+these perishing souls.'"
+
+Brethren, it is the call of the hour. These people may become, in my
+judgment, pre-eminently the missionary people. They have been called the
+Yankees of the Orient. They are scattered every whither, in every
+quarter of the world. I think it ought to shame us to have less
+enthusiasm for these for whom Christ died than they of the Romish church
+in the palmiest days of its missionary zeal. God help us that we may
+stand true upon the Pacific coast and all through our land, and that for
+every missionary church abroad there may be a score and a hundred. Dr.
+Williams said, after thirty years' knowledge of the Chinese, that we
+might evangelize China from one end of the empire to the other in half a
+century if we were in earnest. God help us that we may labor and pray
+for the coming of such a day.
+
+Now I believe this: That, so far as the facts go, there is just as large
+a percentage of results to be shown for work among the Chinese as for
+work anywhere. Take it in our city, among some of the Chinese schools;
+take it in San Francisco, take it in China itself. I received on
+Saturday last a letter from Mr. Gray, of Hong-Kong, speaking of a young
+man who had gone out from our church as his assistant in the work there.
+Said he to me: "He is one of the most valuable helpers I could have. He
+not only stands fast by his work, but he also seems to have spiritual
+discernment to meet the peculiar difficulties we have to encounter, and
+there are plenty of them. Here is a man, for instance, who says he would
+whip his wife to death if he should hear of her accepting Christ. There
+is another, a mother, who would let her child starve if she thought it
+was being taught the gospel of Jesus Christ. But among this people there
+is no more successful laborer that I know of than Sui Chung." I knew him
+well. He came into our Chinese Sunday-school, which is held every
+Sunday afternoon. I remember him distinctly, as giving, so far as I
+could see, clear evidence of being born of the Spirit. And I bear
+testimony to these young men now in my church--there are ten or a
+dozen of them--that, so far as I know them and so far as I have been
+able to talk with them in imperfect English or through Chinese
+interpreters, their Christian experience is as satisfactory as that of
+any others. Nay, I will say more than that. I will venture to say that
+the Chinese brethren in my church are more earnest. They sustain a
+Chinese prayer-meeting regularly every Sunday of their own accord in
+their own language, and have kept it up ever since there were enough
+of them to be united together. I frequently look in and talk with
+them; and there is one thing about these Chinese that I greatly
+respect--I never saw them pull out their watches while I was speaking
+to them. I never saw any of them going to sleep; I never saw a look in
+the face of one of them which indicated that he was not profoundly
+interested. I was in their meeting last Sunday, and I told them about
+Sui Chung. Most of these Chinese can read. Some of them are very
+fluent talkers, and some are very intelligent. I suppose we have a
+thousand or fifteen hundred in this city, and a very large proportion
+of them, they tell me, can read the Chinese Bible.
+
+Now, I have great respect for this people, if for nothing more than for
+their history. We have a petty hundred years of history. How many
+hundred have they? Any nation that can hold itself together for 4,000
+years--or shall I say for more?--and that to-day constitutes nearly
+one-quarter of the population of the earth, certainly deserves our
+respect. Any people that can take our own handicrafts and beat us at
+them--and they will do it in a good many directions, and make money,
+even though you may disapprove of their way of living--deserve our
+respect. Any people that can furnish diplomates fitted to stand side by
+side with Bismarck and Gladstone, and our own embassadors say that they
+can, certainly deserve our respect.
+
+One thing more they desire of the Christian church, if it were only a
+debt to be paid. I insist upon it, brethren, that at least Christian
+England and Christian America ought to pay back to them in missionary
+moneys at least an amount equal to that of which we have robbed them by
+the infamous opium traffic, and to-day it is people from Christian
+lands, more than anything else, who are furnishing the difficulties in
+the way of the introduction of the gospel abroad.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+ADDRESS OF PRESIDENT ALBERT SALISBURY.
+
+There are values even in this world for which we have no expression, for
+which we have no definite standard, and of which we have no very clear
+comprehension. They are values, none the less. But there is one standard
+of value of which I think it may be safely said the American people have
+come into a very clear comprehension, that is, of the weight of the
+working power of a dollar.
+
+Most of us know it by pretty thorough experience. We know what a dollar
+costs, how hard it is to get, how hard it is to keep, how little we are
+liable to receive for it when it goes. And, let me say it, I believe
+there are no people on this Western Continent who have any more exact,
+definite, clearly defined comprehension of what a dollar is, what it
+will do, and what it will not do, than the managers of our missionary
+enterprises.
+
+Then, it is sometimes thought and sometimes said that these men who
+conduct church work and missionary work do not know much about dollars;
+that a dollar, a thousand dollars, or a million dollars, is a very
+indefinite thing; and that they ask for a million dollars, or half a
+million dollars, with a great deal of nonchalance, as if it were merely
+a matter of asking. It is not so. When this Finance Committee indorse
+the recommendation of the National Council that half a million of
+dollars be raised for the work of this Association during the coming
+year, they do it from a business point of view, and when the officers
+and managers of this Association second this demand, they know what it
+means. They know better than anybody else in the world knows how hard it
+is to get half a million of dollars. For some years I went up and down
+through the South and West in the service of this Association. I went in
+and out of the rooms at No. 56 Reade Street, New York, and I must have
+been very dull not to know pretty well the inside workings of this
+Association. I have been among workers on the field. I know how closely
+everything is reckoned, how carefully every penny is spent; and I know
+how the demands of the work and the needs press upon the workers in the
+field, so that they look back to those rooms in New York with the
+feeling that somehow there is not a very great deal of liberality there,
+that those officers pare very closely. But these workers in the field
+have no such experience after all as the officers there at the centre of
+things. Those members of the Executive Committee, those Secretaries and
+the Treasurer, sitting there together, and facing the demands of the old
+work and the new, have rolled upon them every day a sense of the value
+of money and of the need of economy such as even the workers in the
+field can not comprehend. I have been there, I am now outside, and I am
+free to say whatever I please; and I make bold to say to you here that
+the work which is alive and growing must have the most money. Increased
+demands must cost. It is a law of nature. Now, then, when this Finance
+Committee come forward to indorse this recommendation that $500,000
+instead of $375,000 be raised for the coming year, they do not at all
+reach the measure of the need.
+
+There is only one thing necessary to get this money and more. It is a
+pretty comprehensive thing. If upon the members of our churches in this
+land as clear a sense of the need of what ought to be done and can be
+done could be brought as comes to those in contact with the work, the
+money would be forthcoming. How to make our people realize the facts in
+this matter is the problem. Money will come when our people know how
+much it is needed, how profitably it is spent, and how grandly it pays
+dividends.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+ADDRESS OF REV. WM. M. TAYLOR, D.D.
+
+Last Wednesday evening at the Prayer and Conference Meeting of the
+Broadway Tabernacle, one of the office-bearers of the church put this
+question to me: "Can we hope to be instrumental in the conversion of the
+Jews, so long as the present prejudice against God's ancient people
+exists among us?" And that inquiry, taken in connection with the fact
+that the Annual Meeting of the American Missionary Association was to be
+held here this week, led me to examine the Word of God, that I might
+discover what incidental light is thrown on the subject of pride of race
+by its histories and other contents, and I mean to-night to put the
+result of my examination before you.
+
+The first and most striking instance of its manifestation which we come
+upon in Scripture is the treatment given by the Egyptians to the
+Israelites. "Every shepherd was an abomination to the Egyptians," so
+they counted themselves superior to the Hebrews, and subjected them to
+the greatest indignities, grinding them under the harshest oppression,
+and exacting from them, by the lash of the task-master, the most arduous
+labor. But mark how their pride was rebuked and their cruelty punished,
+under the moral and retributive government of God. Their land was
+desolated by a series of plagues culminating in the death of the
+first-born, and the people whom they had oppressed made their escape
+from the most powerful empire then existing in the world, without
+themselves striking a single blow. The Lord fought for them. Each of
+these ten plagues was a Divine protest against that national pride which
+arrogated to itself the exclusive right to power, privilege, immunity
+and possession, and which met its merited punishment that day, when "the
+Lord saved Israel out of the hand of the Egyptians, and Israel saw the
+Egyptians dead upon the seashore."
+
+But the mention of the Hebrews in this connection may seem to some to be
+most inappropriate. Were not they, it may be asked, virtually created
+into a separate and exclusive nation, and taught to look upon themselves
+as God's peculiar people? Did not they become proverbial for their pride
+of race, and for saying on every occasion, "We have Abraham to our
+father," and were they not especially the Pharisees among the nations?
+Now it must be confessed that all these questions must be answered in
+the affirmative, but when we widen our view and take into consideration
+the great purpose of God in the formation and conservation of the Hebrew
+commonwealth, we may see reason somewhat to modify our opinion. For the
+settlement of the Jews in Canaan and their restriction within its limits
+were not ends in themselves, but only means for the attainment of higher
+ends which were to affect the moral and spiritual condition of "all
+people that on earth do dwell." The promise made to Abraham was in this
+wise: "In thee and in thy seed shall all nations of the earth be
+blessed;" and it was for the purpose of securing the fulfilment of the
+latter part of that promise that a special and peculiar hedge was
+planted around the vine which God had brought out of Egypt. It was not
+meant to be a permanent arrangement, but was designed merely for a
+temporary emergency, until, as Paul has said, "the Seed should come" to
+bless the world with his great salvation. It cannot, therefore, be
+quoted as furnishing a universal example, or as giving any divine
+approval to that pride of race of which we have been speaking. Moreover,
+even when the Hebrews were selected by God for this purpose, they were
+told over and over again that they were not chosen for anything in
+themselves, and that they had no reason to plume themselves on the fact
+that they were chosen. And when they degenerated into self-conceit on
+the ground of their having been so highly privileged, they were finally
+cast out of the land of promise. Nor is this all. In the system under
+which they were placed by Moses, they were taught to look with
+kindliness on those who came to sojourn among them, of whatever race
+they might be. They were not, indeed, to be a missionary people, or to
+seek to induce others to settle among them, but if others came to dwell
+beside them, hear how they were to treat them: "Thou shalt neither vex a
+stranger nor oppress him, for ye were strangers in the land of Egypt."
+"And if a stranger sojourn with thee in the land, ye shall not vex him.
+But the stranger that dwelleth with you shall be unto you as one born
+among you, and thou shalt love him as thyself; for ye were strangers in
+the land of Egypt. I am the Lord your God. Love ye therefore the
+stranger, for ye were strangers in the land of Egypt." (Exodus xxii. 21;
+Levit. xix. 33; xxv. 35; Deut. x. 19). Lay these commands alongside of
+recent legislation among ourselves with reference to the Chinese, and
+then see what God must think of that blot upon our statute book in this
+age of our boasted enlightenment.
+
+Take, again, the account of the singular retribution that came upon the
+people in the days of David because of Saul's treatment of the
+Gibeonites. These aborigines belonged to the ancient Canaanitish tribes,
+and were so astute as to impose even upon Joshua, and to obtain from him
+a treaty on false pretenses. Still an agreement was made with them on
+the terms that they should be permitted to live in the land, but that
+they should be "hewers of wood and drawers of water for the house of the
+Lord." This contract was faithfully observed on both sides until the
+days of Saul, who sought to slay them "in his zeal to the children of
+Israel and Judah." And what was the result? A famine lasting for three
+years, which was only removed at last by the giving up, according to the
+ancient practices of the Gibeonites, of seven of Saul's sons for
+execution. Now there is much in that old history that is difficult for
+us at this distance of time, and ignorant as we are of the customs that
+prevailed among these tribes, to understand. But no one of us can read
+it without being reminded of our treatment of the Indian tribes that
+linger among us still. Have we not broken almost every treaty that we
+ever made with them? Have we not said, unpityingly regarding them, that
+their destruction before the advance of civilization is inevitable? And
+have we not forgotten that the God of the Gibeonites lives to be the
+avenger of the Indians? If the hewers of wood and drawers of water were
+not beneath his notice long ago, think you he does not see and chronicle
+the wrongs of the Indians to-day, and shall not he render to every man
+according to his works?
+
+Before passing from the Old Testament to the New, I merely mention the
+fact that among the ancestors of the Lord Jesus Christ we find two
+belonging to alien races, namely, Rahab of Jericho, and Ruth the
+Moabitess, whose very presence in that noble line is a prophecy of the
+glorious truth that the Son of David was to be also the Son of man, the
+Saviour of sinners of every name and nation, the kinsman of all races,
+the brother of humanity, and that as he represents them all in his
+priestly intercession yonder, so in each of them we may see a
+representative of him here and now upon the earth.
+
+But now what may we learn from Christ himself in the New Testament? It
+is true that his personal ministry in the world was almost entirely
+confined to the Jews. It had to be so limited at first, if his gospel
+was to gather force for its triumphant march over the world at a later
+day; but even during his life in the world he came repeatedly in contact
+with men and women of races other than that of the Jews, and always in
+such a way as to show his sympathy with them and love toward them. I
+remind you of his long and earnest conversation with the woman of
+Samaria, at the well of Sychar, and of the fact that she was a
+descendant of that mixed nationality which sprung from the amalgam of
+those heathen colonists that were sent by the King of Assyria to take
+the places left vacant by the ten tribes whom he had carried away
+captive. I recall to your recollection, too, his eulogy on the Roman
+centurion, and his constant exposure of the contemptuousness of the
+Pharisees in their attitude not only toward the publicans and sinners of
+their own nation, but also toward Gentiles of every description. Think
+of his dealing with the Syrophoenician woman. She was a Canaanite of the
+old race, and, though at first he seemed to turn her away, yet
+ultimately he gave her all she asked and more: and even his apparently
+abrupt treatment of her in the beginning, if I read the history aright,
+was meant to be an exposure and condemnation of the feelings commonly
+cherished toward those of her nation by the Jews of his day. No doubt it
+tested and strengthened her own faith. But we must not forget that the
+whole conversation with her was meant to teach a lesson to his disciples
+also. It was part of their training for their future life work. It was a
+portion of their preparation for carrying his gospel to all nations. And
+so he spoke out their own thoughts about the women, holding up a mirror
+before them in which they might see themselves, when he said, "It is not
+meet to take the children's bread and cast it to dogs;" and he
+ultimately showed them that she was better far than many who would have
+spurned her from their presence. So from the kindness showed to aliens
+by the Lord himself, we may learn not only to beware of this leaven of
+the Pharisees, but also to deal kindly and truly with men of every race,
+and make them sharers with us in the blessings of the gospel.
+
+But thus far we have not come upon any case where the difference was one
+not only of race but of color. Even here, however, we are not without
+scriptural instances to guide us. You remember that of Ebed-melech, the
+Ethiopian. Jeremiah was, by the cruelty of his enemies, imprisoned in a
+dungeon or water tank, and was sunk in the mire at the bottom.
+Ebed-melech, learning his condition, went and informed King Zedekiah of
+the real state of the case, and obtained a command to take an escort of
+thirty men with him and deliver him from the dungeon lest he should die.
+So with great tenderness the Ethiopian threw down rags to put under the
+ropes which he let down, and by which he was to soften the pressures of
+the cords under his arms as they drew him up therewith from his filthy
+prison; and after they had thus delivered him there came to the prophet
+this message of God concerning him; "Go and speak to Ebed-melech, the
+Ethiopian, saying, Thus saith the Lord of hosts, the God of Israel:
+Behold, I will bring my words upon this city for evil, and not for good;
+and they shall be accomplished in that day before thee. But I will
+deliver thee in that day, saith the Lord; and thou shalt not be given
+into the hand of the men of whom thou art afraid. For I will surely
+deliver thee, and thou shalt not fall by the sword, but thy life shall
+be for a prey unto thee; because thou hast put thy trust in me, saith
+the Lord." Here we have a kindness done by a colored man to Jeremiah,
+and a message sent from God to the colored man acknowledging and
+rewarding that kindness; but O! how many debts of that sort owed by men
+among ourselves to the colored people have been forgotten or repudiated!
+In the agony of the war, colored people fought in the ranks of the
+Northern armies; and I have heard those who have belonged to the
+Confederate side declare with tears in their eyes that the faithful
+watch kept by their colored servants over their wives and families while
+they were absent with the troops was beyond all praise. And yet in these
+days we read every now and then of colored people shot down like dogs on
+the slightest provocation, and prevented on the merest pretext from
+exercising the rights of citizens of this free Republic, and men look on
+and do nothing. But God may say something by and by, and when he speaks
+men's ears shall tingle! We have another illustration of God's treatment
+of a colored man in the case of the Ethiopian treasurer. He was
+returning from Jerusalem, where he had been at one of the great annual
+Jewish feasts, and as he was riding in his chariot he was reading aloud
+to himself the book of the prophet Isaiah, when the evangelist Philip,
+specially sent thither for the purpose by God's Spirit, addressed him,
+and on being asked to come into the carriage with him expounded to him
+the meaning of the passage which he was reading, and preached the gospel
+from it unto him with such good effect that he was forthwith baptized on
+the confession of his faith, and afterward went on his way rejoicing to
+found that Ethiopian church which claims to this day to be one of the
+most ancient Christian churches in the world. He was a man, for he was
+moved by the truth as you and I have been, and he became a
+Christian--"the highest style of man"--to show us that, as Peter said,
+"In every nation they that fear God and work righteousness are accepted
+of him." That which is highest in any man is his appreciation and
+acceptance of the gospel! of Christ, and wherever we see that
+appreciation we have not only a fellow man but a brother Christian, to
+be treated by us as Paul requested Philemon to treat Onesimus--as "a
+brother beloved." Nor let any one suppose that there is a single race
+upon the earth that can not be so transformed and gladdened as this
+Ethiopian was. Even Charles Darwin declared that after the Patagonians
+it could not be said that any race is too degraded for the gospel to
+elevate, and so he gave new emphasis, unwittingly, perhaps, but, if so,
+all the more strongly, to the words addressed to Peter on the housetop:
+"What God hath cleansed that call not thou common;" or those of Paul in
+one of his epistles: "For there is neither Jew nor Greek, there is
+neither bond nor free, there is neither male nor female, for ye are all
+one in Christ Jesus."
+
+This topic is at present greatly occupying the attention of the
+Christian churches in our land. It was before the General Assembly of
+the Presbyterian Church in May last, and has been again discussed at the
+meeting of the Council of Congregational churches in Worcester three
+weeks ago, and in the Triennial Convention of the Protestant Episcopal
+Church, which has just closed its sessions in New York. I will not seek
+to criticise or to characterize the decisions at which these bodies have
+arrived, save to say that in my judgment the Presbyterian Assembly faced
+the difficulty more thoroughly, and disposed of it more courageously,
+than either of the others. But I will say that there is only one
+solution of a question of this sort. Every Christian, when he comes to
+think on it seriously, must feel that to be the case. No compromise will
+satisfy either party to it or will please God, and any settlement to be
+permanent must be in harmony with the inspired statement that "God hath
+made of one blood all the nations that dwell upon the face of the
+earth." But such a result can not be brought about either in the state
+or in the churches merely by legislation. You can not compel either by
+physical or moral constraint the different races to meet on terms of
+social equality. No doubt you can, and you ought to see to it, that men
+of all races stand precisely on the same platform before the law and
+have the same protection from the law. But to get rid of a prejudice you
+must take a different method. You can not uproot that all at once. The
+removal of that must be the result of education and of spiritual growth.
+But when I speak of education I must add that it is not the colored
+people alone that need to be educated here. The white people of all our
+cities, whether North or South, require education as well. They need to
+be taught that the Negro is a man, for at bottom that is not more than
+half believed by multitudes. They need to be taught that the Negro may
+become a Christian, and that there are possibilities of Christian
+missionary enterprise in his race that are absolutely incalculable. They
+need to be taught to look upon the different races of Indians, Chinese
+and Africans among us as dignified and ennobled by Christ's incarnation,
+and as purchased by his sacrificial blood equally with themselves. They
+need to look upon the Christianized among them as brethren in Christ,
+and then the rest will come of itself.
+
+There has been great progress in these recent years toward the result of
+which I speak. The present agitation concerning the color-line, as it is
+called, is itself an indication of progress, and the day assuredly will
+dawn when men of all nationalities and names shall come from the East
+and from the West, from the North and from the South, and sit down with
+Abraham, with Isaac, and with Jacob in the kingdom of our Father. But if
+we as a Nation cultivate the spirit of the Pharisees, and continue to
+despise those who are "guilty of a skin not colored like our own," we
+may be sure that he who visited the Hebrew nation for their treatment of
+the Gibeonites will send also some nemesis on us.
+
+I can not but feel, beloved brethren, that in these meetings which
+to-night come to a close, something has been done to help forward that
+result which under the guidance of the Scriptures we all believe to be
+the right one. We have had a series of most delightful conferences. Now
+let us go back to our homes determined to take the seminal truths which
+have been presented to us here, and scatter them wherever we are called
+to labor. The seed may seem to be but a handful, and the soil may seem
+unpromising as the rocky mountain tops--but be sure the result will be a
+harvest that will shake like the cedars of Lebanon. And though it may
+seem a little incongruous to quote from the Scottish poet--would that
+everything he wrote were of as pure and lofty an inspiration--I will
+venture to conclude with his well-known lines:
+
+     "Then let us pray that come it may,
+       As come it will for a' that,
+     That man to man the world over
+       Shall brithers be for a' that."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+BUREAU OF WOMAN'S WORK
+
+MISS D.E. EMERSON, SECRETARY.
+
+The Annual Meeting of the Bureau of Woman's Work of the American
+Missionary Association, held on Thursday afternoon in the church during
+the session of the business meeting in the chapel, was one of unusual
+interest. Following the Report of the Secretary, there were interesting
+addresses by missionaries, and a very effective address by Mrs. Geo. M.
+Lane, of Detroit, Michigan, who presided.
+
+The Report and some of the addresses will be published in separate
+leaflets, and may be had by application to Miss Emerson at 56 Reade St.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+REPORT OF SECRETARY.
+
+A look backward over the twelve months since our last annual gathering
+reveals much of interest and encouragement, that should fill our hearts
+with gratitude that our woman's work has had such an influence in
+bringing light and gladness to thousands of women and children, whose
+lives have been cast in the dark portions of our Christian land. So
+large an element of Woman's Work enters into the plan upon which the
+field of the American Missionary Association is operated, and it is so
+interwoven with the entire structure of its missions, that any report of
+it as separate and distinct can be only partial. And yet with the more
+systematic organization of woman's work in the raising of funds, we have
+been able to assign special woman's work on mission ground, with most
+satisfactory results, for to have a particular school or missionary has
+stimulated the givers, and has brought courage and comfort to the
+missionaries who have been thus sustained.
+
+Our Woman's Work. What is it? Whom is it for? Who should do it?
+
+What is it? It is to take to heathen mothers and sisters here in our own
+country the glorious news of salvation for _them_; to bring the light
+and truth of the Gospel to those who are groping in the fog of
+superstition and a wrong conception of Bible truth; to plant the
+Christian school; to establish the Christian home as an object lesson;
+to show mothers how to train their children to honor and obedience, to
+mingle with the needy and helpless, and by sympathy and tact secure such
+changes in the homes as will lead to their permanent improvement; in a
+word, to follow the example of our Lord Jesus, by living and teaching
+the blessings of intelligence and godliness among those in our home-land
+for whose improvement and well-being we are peculiarly responsible. The
+American Missionary Association has ninety-four schools, and in most of
+these more women than men are engaged. It is the duty of the missionary
+teacher to avail herself of every opportunity which her relation with
+her scholars affords, either in day or boarding school, to inculcate
+Christian truth, to warn against the evils which she finds common among
+the people, to teach by example and precept the living Word, as
+manifested in the life of Christ. The wonderful change wrought in those
+who are brought under the influence of such consecrated missionaries,
+testifies to the value of woman's work in missions.
+
+But who are these for whom we are peculiarly responsible, and why is
+there so especial need of _woman's_ work?
+
+They are our eight millions of negroes, of whom probably not more than
+one-fourth may be said to have felt the corrective influence of the
+Gospel upon their lives. Perhaps only those who have come in contact
+with these people for the _sole purpose of helping_ them to manhood and
+womanhood, can comprehend the tremendous incubus of bad habits, stunted
+growth, blunted susceptibilities, with which they struggle. It is
+painful to note the limitations of those even who have had the best
+advantages. Yet they are ever reaching upward, and the struggle is
+bringing out noble qualities of character, showing the possibilities of
+the race. We have had a goodly recompense for Christian labor among
+them, and does not this increase our responsibility for the
+three-fourths that are yet to be helped to a good understanding of
+themselves and their duty toward man and God? And no one will question
+that in the development of the best _womanhood_ there rests the surest
+hope of the elevation of this wronged, and even now, greatly oppressed
+people.
+
+But our woman's work finds also its mission among the needy whites of
+the South. It seems almost incredible that there should be found, within
+thirty-six hours' ride of our Northern towns, so dotted with schools and
+churches and Christian homes, a section of our country where there have
+been in hiding, in the ravines and on the mountain sides, two or more
+millions of our American people, in gross ignorance and superstition.
+But such is the case, and as always, the women are the greatest
+sufferers. Doubtless the Negroes have the largest claim upon us, because
+of their past history, their present wrongs, and their great numbers,
+which have become so startling as to make it imperative that we yield no
+jot of advantage gained, but rather increase our efforts every year for
+their intellectual and moral improvement. Yet the work for the mountain
+whites is _just now_ especially urgent. A missionary of much experience
+expresses the view, that if we can bring the forces of Christian
+education to bear mightily upon these mountain people for the next ten
+years, they will themselves become a power as our allies in the great
+battles of the future against immorality and false doctrines. A few
+weeks since I met in North Carolina near the Great Smoky Mountains a
+mother and daughter, the latter about eighteen years old. A school for
+mountain girls had been opened there, and the daughter had attended the
+last year. On entering she could not read a word, but now was in the
+Fourth Reader, and studying arithmetic and geography. The rich, soft
+color that came to her cheeks, and the kindling light of her eyes, told
+of the brightness this school had brought into her life; this Christian
+school, for here too, she had learned the way of eternal life. Even the
+mother's eyes sparkled like stars as she looked with admiration upon her
+"learned" daughter.
+
+But our door stands wide open also towards the Indians and Chinese, and
+all the arguments that appeal to us so strongly for the disenthrallment
+of women in heathen lands, appeal with equal, yea greater force for the
+heathen in our own land, whom the _Gospel only_ can make free.
+
+Such is our great and urgent call for work for woman in the field of the
+American Missionary Association. Who should do it, and how? Who but the
+Christian women of our churches, either directly or by substitutes? Some
+can go, of those who have prepared themselves for the highest and best
+quality of Christian service. They should be thoroughly trained and
+disciplined teachers, but not this alone. Every teacher should be a
+careful and intelligent Bible student, able to instruct from the word of
+God, practical and earnest, self-sacrificing and co-operative, ready to
+do what seems most necessary, even though it should not call into action
+her finest mental qualities. Let those who cannot go, send a substitute,
+but let none fail to seize the opportunity for a part in this blessed
+work, for the salvation of our country, and its protection as a
+Christian land.
+
+There are now twenty-six State organizations for Woman's Work in our own
+country through our Congregational Churches, which co-operate in the
+work of the American Missionary Association. Some have increased their
+contributions during the past year; others have not fallen below the
+standard they had fixed for this field, but have not made any annual
+advance. With a very few, co-operation has not yet extended beyond a
+study of our work. But a study of the field is encouraging, for a
+knowledge of the need brings responsibility to do all possible to meet
+it, and soon we trust these also will be contributing Unions. To
+facilitate the study of our field, our monthly magazine has been sent
+free to many ladies' societies, our literature has been distributed, and
+more than sixteen thousand copies of missionary letters have been
+circulated among the ladies. Would not the value of organization be
+shown in the larger flow of funds annually for a work of such pressing
+necessity as this? We rejoice that some have already demonstrated this
+value of united effort. More than one State Missionary Union,
+recognizing the importance of this work and remembering that in drawing
+upon the benevolence of all the Congregational Ladies' Societies in the
+State, it should not do a small thing, has raised the support of four or
+more missionary teachers for an entire school. And the officers of the
+Union have taken pains to stir up the pure minds of the ladies in each
+auxiliary by way of remembrance of this particular field.
+
+But there are those not in the State organizations, whose help we
+record, as Sunday-schools and Christian Endeavor Societies. Many such
+have during the year asked for a special object for their contributions.
+What can the Secretary do? The particular things that can be
+accomplished with forty or fifty or seventy dollars are indeed few, but
+these sums combined may sustain a missionary for a year. So each such
+contribution is made a share of the four hundred dollars necessary for
+the purpose, and something definite is accomplished. What is it? This. A
+faithful Christian woman is sent to the field, where, in a neat cottage,
+she makes her home life an object lesson to the colored people or the
+mountain whites or the Indians for many miles around. Their homes begin
+to improve. Her day school, held in the little church near by, attracts
+not only children, but young men and women, and even young married
+people. A Christian Endeavor Society is formed. The Sunday-school and
+church take a new start under her teachings. Other Sunday-schools and
+Christian societies are maintained through her influence, and so the
+small contributions accomplish a large work.
+
+Private individuals also have aided us. What a blessed privilege to be
+able out of one's own income to put worthy missionaries into such a
+field.
+
+There has been an increase in aid rendered in sewing, a form of help
+that is very valuable in keeping our boarding schools and mission homes
+furnished, our sewing schools provided with basted work, and clothing
+ready for worthy but needy students. As with money, so with sewing, we
+could use wisely very much more than has been received.
+
+We acknowledge also the kindness of ladies in furnishing books and
+papers adapted to the need. The young people, especially among the
+Negroes, are acquiring a taste for reading, and with their emotional and
+excitable natures, they take readily to sensational literature, with its
+startling illustrations. A neighborhood or society collection of books
+and papers will usually contain some of such a stamp, and you maybe sure
+they will not always discriminate in favor of the most instructive
+reading. Therefore select for them as you would for your own sons and
+daughters, what is attractive and healthful, and withhold all else.
+
+And now we are just starting upon a new year. Four hundred and
+seventy-six laborers have been called into the missionary ranks of the
+American Missionary Association. One hundred and ninety missions are in
+operation, with their widening influence and ever growing needs. Of our
+one hundred and forty-two churches there are fifty-seven which have not
+at present any Northern missionary associated with them. The difference
+in the development of these churches, as contrasted with those which
+have the influence and help of Northern teachers, is so marked, as to
+constitute a most urgent appeal for more missionaries--faithful
+women--to gather in the young people, interest and instruct them, to
+live among them, an example of economy and thrift in housekeeping, of
+neighborly kindness, of faithfulness in church obligations and of
+consistent Christian life. I do not hesitate to affirm that in the
+field of the American Missionary Association such provision is next in
+importance to the preached word. Neither can take the place of the
+other. Either is at a disadvantage without the other. And yet there are
+fifty-seven of these mission stations this year, _now_, without such
+beneficent woman's ministry, waiting only for additional funds, the new
+money necessary to provide reinforcements.
+
+I appeal to you, Christian women, in your organized capacity as State
+Unions; and as individuals--stewards to whom perchance our Lord has
+entrusted a goodly inheritance--for help to the American Missionary
+Association in this almost overwhelming responsibility. Send us the
+missionaries for these needy fields.
+
+I appeal to you in behalf especially of the wronged and helpless women
+and girls of these ten millions of our own countrymen, American born,
+whose only hope is in the sympathy and the help of the Christian people
+of our own land. We do not live in the day of small things, but of great
+needs and large opportunities. Surely now, if ever, is the time to
+"enlarge the place of thy tent and stretch forth the curtains of thy
+habitation. Spare not, lengthen thy cords and strengthen thy stakes,
+that thou mayest spread abroad on the right hand and on the left, and
+possess the nations of our land."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+WOMAN'S STATE ORGANIZATIONS.
+
+CO-OPERATING WITH THE AMERICAN MISSIONARY ASSOCIATION.
+
+
+MAINE.
+
+WOMAN'S AID TO A.M.A.
+
+  Chairman of Committee--Mrs. C.A. Woodbury, Woodfords, Me.
+
+
+VERMONT.
+
+WOMAN'S HOME MISSIONARY UNION.
+
+  President--Mrs. A.B. Swift, 167 King St., Burlington.
+  Secretary--Mrs. E.C. Osgood, 14 First Ave., Montpelier.
+  Treasurer--Mrs. Wm. P. Fairbanks, St. Johnsbury.
+
+
+MASSACHUSETTS AND RHODE ISLAND.
+
+WOMAN'S HOME MISSIONARY ASSOCIATION.[1]
+
+  President--Mrs. Alice Freeman Palmer, Cambridge, Mass.
+  Secretary--Miss Nathalie Lord, 32 Congregational House, Boston.
+  Treasurer--Miss Ella A. Leland, 32 Congregational House, Boston.
+
+
+CONNECTICUT.
+
+WOMAN'S HOME MISSIONARY UNION.
+
+  President--Mrs. Francis B. Cooley, Hartford.
+  Secretary--Mrs. S.M. Hotchkiss, 171 Capitol Ave., Hartford.
+  Treasurer--Mrs. W.W. Jacobs, 19 Spring St., Hartford.
+
+
+NEW YORK.
+
+WOMAN'S HOME MISSIONARY UNION.
+
+  President--Mrs. Wm. Kincaid, 483 Greene Ave., Brooklyn.
+  Secretary--Mrs. Wm. Spalding, 6 Salmon Block, Syracuse.
+  Treasurer--Mrs. L.H. Cobb, 59 Bible House, New York City.
+
+
+OHIO.
+
+WOMAN'S HOME MISSIONARY UNION.
+
+  President--Mrs. J.G.W. Cowles, 417 Sibley St., Cleveland.
+  Secretary--Mrs. Flora K. Regal, Oberlin.
+  Treasurer--Mrs. Phebe A. Crafts, 95 Monroe Ave., Columbus.
+
+
+INDIANA.
+
+WOMAN'S HOME MISSIONARY UNION.
+
+  President--Mrs. C.B. Safford, Elkhart.
+  Secretary--Mrs. W.E. Mossman, Fort Wayne.
+  Treasurer--Mrs. C. Evans, Indianapolis.
+
+
+ILLINOIS.
+
+WOMAN'S HOME MISSIONARY UNION.
+
+  President--Mrs. B.F. Leavitt, 409 Orchard St., Chicago.
+  Secretary--Mrs. C.H. Taintor, 151 Washington St., Chicago.
+  Treasurer--Mrs. C.E. Maltby, Champaign.
+
+
+IOWA.
+
+WOMAN'S HOME MISSIONARY UNION.
+
+  President--Mrs. T.O. Douglass, Grinnell.
+  Secretary--Miss Ella E. Marsh, Box 232, Grinnell.
+  Treasurer--Mrs. M.J. Nichoson, 1513 Main St., Dubuque.
+
+
+MICHIGAN.
+
+WOMAN'S HOME MISSIONARY UNION.
+
+  President--Mrs. George M. Lane, 47 Miami Ave., Detroit.
+  Secretary--Mrs. Leroy Warren, Lansing.
+  Treasurer--Mrs. E.F. Grabill, Greenville.
+
+
+WISCONSIN.
+
+WOMAN'S HOME MISSIONARY UNION.
+
+  President--Mrs. H.A. Miner, Madison.
+  Secretary--Mrs. C. Matter, Brodhead.
+  Treasurer--Mrs. C.C. Keeler, Beloit.
+
+
+MINNESOTA.
+
+WOMAN'S HOME MISSIONARY SOCIETY.
+
+  President--Mrs. E.S. Williams, Box 464, Minneapolis.
+  Secretary--Miss Gertude A. Keith,
+    1350 Nicollet Ave., Minneapolis.
+  Treasurer--Mrs. M.W. Skinner, Northfield.
+
+
+NORTH DAKOTA.
+
+WOMAN'S HOME MISSIONARY SOCIETY.
+
+  President--Mrs. A.J. Pike, Dwight.
+  Secretary--Mrs. Silas Daggett, Harwood.
+  Treasurer--Mrs. J.M. Fisher, Fargo.
+
+
+SOUTH DAKOTA.
+
+WOMAN'S HOME MISSIONARY UNION.
+
+  President--Mrs. A.H. Robbins, Bowdle.
+  Secretary--Mrs. T.M. Jeffris, Huron.
+  Treasurer--Mrs. S.E. Fifield, Lake Preston.
+
+
+NEBRASKA.
+
+WOMAN'S HOME MISSIONARY UNION.
+
+  President--Mrs. T.H. Leavitt, 1216 H. St., Lincoln.
+  Secretary--Mrs. L.F. Berry, 724 No. Broad St, Fremont.
+  Treasurer--Mrs. D.E. Perry, Crete.
+
+
+MISSOURI.
+
+WOMAN'S HOME MISSIONARY UNION.
+
+  President--Mrs. C.L. Goodell, 3006 Pine St., St. Louis.
+  Secretary--Mrs. E.P. Bronson, 3100 Chestnut St., St. Louis.
+  Treasurer--Mrs. A.E. Cook, 4145 Bell Ave., St. Louis.
+
+
+KANSAS.
+
+WOMAN'S HOME MISSIONARY SOCIETY.
+
+  President--Mrs. F.J. Storrs, Topeka.
+  Secretary--Mrs. George L. Epps, Topeka.
+  Treasurer--Mrs. J.G. Dougherty, Ottawa.
+
+
+COLORADO AND WYOMING.
+
+WOMAN'S HOME MISSIONARY UNION.
+
+  President--Mrs. J.W. Pickett, White Water, Colorado.
+  Secretary--Miss Mary L. Martin, 106 Platte Ave.,
+    Colorado Springs, Colorado.
+  Treasurer--Mrs. S.A. Sawyer. Boulder, Colorado.
+  Treasurer--Mrs. C.T. Goodell, 24th and Eddy Sts.,
+    Cheyenne, Wyoming.
+
+
+SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA.
+
+WOMAN'S HOME MISSIONARY UNION.
+
+  President--Mrs. Elijah Cash, 927 Temple St., Los Angeles.
+  Secretary--Mrs. H.K.W. Bent, Box 426, Pasadena.
+  Treasurer--Mrs. H.W. Mills, So. Olive St., Los Angeles.
+
+
+CALIFORNIA.
+
+WOMAN'S HOME MISSIONARY SOCIETY.
+
+  President--Mrs. H.L. Merritt, 686 34th St., Oakland.
+  Secretary--Miss Grace E. Barnard, 677 21st. St., Oakland.
+  Treasurer--Mrs. J.M. Havens, 3329 Harrison St., Oakland.
+
+
+LOUISIANA.
+
+WOMAN'S MISSIONARY UNION.
+
+  President--Mrs. R.D. Hitchcock, New Orleans.
+  Secretary--Miss Jennie Fyfe, 490 Canal St., New Orleans.
+  Treasurer--Mrs. C.S. Shattuck, Hammond.
+
+
+MISSISSIPPI.
+
+WOMAN'S MISSIONARY UNION.
+
+  President--Mrs. A.F. Whiting, Tougaloo.
+  Secretary--Miss Sarah J. Humphrey, Tougaloo.
+  Treasurer--Miss S.L. Emerson, Tougaloo.
+
+
+ALABAMA.
+
+WOMAN'S MISSIONARY UNION.
+
+  President--Mrs. H.W. Andrews, Talladega.
+  Secretary--Miss S.S. Evans, 2612 Fifth Ave., Birmingham.
+  Treasurer--Mrs. G. Baker, Selma.
+
+
+FLORIDA.
+
+WOMAN'S HOME MISSIONARY UNION.
+
+  President--Mrs. S.F. Gale, Jacksonville.
+  Secretary--Mrs. Nathan Barrows, Winter Park.
+  Treasurer--Mrs. L.C. Partridge, Longwood.
+
+
+TENNESSEE AND ARKANSAS.
+
+WOMAN'S MISSIONARY UNION OF THE CENTRAL SOUTH ASSOCIATION.
+
+  President--Miss M.F. Wells, Athens, Tenn.
+  Secretary--Miss A.M. Cahill, Nashville, Tenn.
+  Treasurer--Mrs. G.S. Pope, Grand View, Tenn.
+
+
+NORTH CAROLINA.
+
+WOMAN'S MISSIONARY UNION.
+
+  President--Miss E. Plimpton, Chapel Hill.
+  Secretary--Miss A.E. Farrington, Raleigh.
+  Treasurer--Miss Lovey Mayo, Raleigh.
+
+     [Footnote 1: For the purpose of exact information, we note
+     that while the W.H.M.A. appears in this list as a State body
+     for Mass. and R.I., it has certain auxiliaries elsewhere.]
+
+We would suggest to all ladies connected with the auxiliaries of State
+Missionary Unions, that funds for the American Missionary Association
+be sent to us through the treasurers of the Union. Care, however,
+should be taken to designate the money as for the American Missionary
+Association, since _undesignated funds will not reach us_.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+RECEIPTS FOR OCTOBER, 1889.
+
+
+THE DANIEL HAND FUND,
+
+_For the Education of Colored People._
+
+FROM
+
+MR. DANIEL HAND, GUILFORD, CONN.
+
+Income from October, 1889,                    $960.00
+
+                                             ========
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+CURRENT RECEIPTS.
+
+
+MAINE, $165.76.
+
+Alfred. Cong. Ch.                               11.56
+
+Bangor. Corelli W. Simpson. Engravings
+  for Hospital, _Fort Yates, Dak._
+
+Ellsworth. Mrs. Phelps,
+  _for Teachers' Home, Lexington, Ky._           1.00
+
+Fryeburg. Cong. Ch.                             10.54
+
+Greenville. Cong. Ch., 15.55,
+  and Sab. Sch., 12                             27.55
+
+Island Falls. Cong. Ch.                         10.00
+
+Litchfield Corners. Cong. Ch.                   12.00
+
+New Castle. Second Cong. Ch., to const.
+  S.D. WYMAN and MRS. AURANUS MILLEE L.M's      60.00
+
+Patten. Cong. Ch.                               15.00
+
+Portland. George C. Frye, Chemist, Medicines,
+  val. 15.06, _for Hospital, Fort Yates, Dak._
+
+South Bridgton. Cong. Ch. and Sab. Sch.         17.11
+
+Wells. "A Friend."                               1.00
+
+
+NEW HAMPSHIRE, $274.05.
+
+Alstead. Cong. Ch.                               9.00
+
+Canaan. Mary A. George                           5.00
+
+Franklin. Cong. Ch. and Soc.                    20.00
+
+Great Falls. Ladies' Home Miss'y Soc.           10.00
+
+Hanover. Dartmouth College Cong. Ch.            67.20
+
+Mason. Cong. Ch.                                 5.30
+
+Nashua. First Cong. Ch.                         20.00
+
+New Ipswich. Proceeds of Children's Fair
+  (2 of which _for Indian M._)                  10.80
+
+Pelham. Cong. Ch.                               35.00
+
+Pembroke. First Cong. Soc.                      18.25
+
+Peterboro. Union Evan. Ch.                      31.50
+
+Portsmouth. "In as much Circle" of King's
+  Daughters of North Ch., _for furnishing
+  room, Girl's Hall, Pleasant Hill, Tenn._      30.00
+
+Raymond. Cong. Ch. and Soc.                     12.00
+
+
+VERMONT, $217.20.
+
+Benson. Cong. Ch.                               16.80
+
+Bethel. Cong. Ch.                                2.56
+
+Brandon. Cong. Ch. and Soc.                      6.00
+
+Brattleboro. Center Cong. Ch.                   81.00
+
+Essex Junction. Cong. Ch. and Soc.              16.00
+
+Guildhall. Cong. Ch.                             3.50
+
+Hubbardton. D.J. Flagg                           5.00
+
+Newport. Cong. Ch. and Soc.                      8.50
+
+Sharon. A Friend, 1; "X.", 1                     2.00
+
+Sharon. Communion Service, _for Jonesboro,
+  Tenn._
+
+Springfield. F.V.A. Townsend, to const
+  MRS. ISABELLA WATERMAN L.M.                   30.00
+
+Townsend. Mrs. H. Holbrook                       1.00
+
+West Brattleboro. Cong. Ch.                     14.84
+
+Westminster. Cong. Ch. and Soc.                 14.00
+
+Westminster. West. Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch.,
+  _for McIntosh, Ga._                           16.00
+
+
+MASSACHUSETTS, $4,599.69.
+
+Amherst. First Cong. Ch.                        30.00
+
+Andover. Phillips Academy _for Boys' Hall,
+  Pleasant Hill, Tenn._                         25.00
+
+Andover. "Pansy Band," _for Pleasant Hill,
+  Tenn._                                        16.72
+
+Beverly. Sab. Sch. of Dane St. Cong. Ch.,
+  _for Student Aid, Fisk U._                    25.12
+
+Boston. Woman's Home Miss'y Soc., 400,
+      _for Woman's Work_;
+      35 from Shawmut Mite Soc.,
+      _for Indian Sch'p._           435.00
+
+    "A Friend In Boston,"
+      _for Building Fund,
+      Pleasant Hill, Tenn._         250.00
+
+    Woman's Home Miss'y Ass'n        30.00
+
+  Dorchester. Second Cong. Ch.       95.87
+
+    Mrs. Walter Baker, 30, Mr.
+      Hardwick, 10, Mrs. Means, 10,
+      Mrs. Wales, 5, Miss Carruth, 5,
+      Miss Salmon, 5                 65.00
+
+    "Friends," by A.C. Hopkins,
+      _for Pleasant Hill, Tenn._     60.00
+
+    Harvard Cong. Ch.                37.40
+
+    Mrs. Eliza Bicknell               4.00
+
+  Roxbury. Highland Cong. Ch.,
+      _for Indian M._                15.00
+
+    Ladies of Immanuel Ch., _for
+      Freight on Bbl. to Pleasant
+      Hill, Tenn._                    2.00
+
+    Im. Ch., Mrs. M.M. Graham         1.00
+
+  West Roxbury. South Evan. Ch.      24.51
+
+                                   -------   1,019.78
+
+Brimfield. First Cong. Ch.                       8.64
+
+Brookline. Harvard Ch.                          57.38
+
+Brockton. Porter Evan. Ch. and Soc., to const.
+  CHAS. H. REYNOLDS, SIDNEY E. NICKERSON
+  and MRS. JANE B. JENNINGS L.M's              104.48
+
+Cambridge. Mrs. C.A. Phelps' S.S. Class,
+  _for Pleasant Hill, Tenn._                    10.00
+
+Cambridgeport. Pilgrim Ch., 97.14;
+  First Cong. Ch., 1                            98.14
+
+Campello. Mrs. S.A. Southworth, _for Freight
+  on Boxes to Chapel Hill, N.C._                 3.00
+
+Charlestown. Winthrop Cong. Ch. and Soc.        66.12
+
+Chelsea. First Cong. Ch., 38.50;
+  Sab. Sch. of First Cong, Ch., 15              53.50
+
+Concord. Trin. Cong. Ch.                        22.54
+
+East Cambridge. Miss M.F. Aiken,
+  _for Pleasant Hill, Tenn._                     4.00
+
+Everett. Cong. Ch.                              39.74
+
+Fitchburg. Rollstone Cong. Ch.                  80.00
+
+Framingham. Mrs. Elizabeth E. Guernsey,
+  _for Mountain Work_                            1.00
+
+Franklin. Y.P.S.C.E. of First Cong. Ch.,
+  _for Grand View, Tenn._                       15.00
+
+Gardner. First Cong. Ch., to const
+  CHAS. F. READ and MRS. SETH HEYWOOD L.M's     60.00
+
+Greenfield. Second Cong. Ch.                    58.95
+
+Groton. Union Cong. Ch.                        145.80
+
+Harvard. Cong. Ch.                              15.00
+
+Haverhill. Mary Merrill, Package Patchwork,
+  _for Sew. Sch., Sherwood Tenn._
+
+Holliston. "Bible Christians," 47;
+  Cong. Ch. and Soc. 40.50                      87.50
+
+Housatonic. Cong. Sab. Sch.                     50.45
+
+Hyde Park. First Cong. Ch.                      24.00
+
+Lawrence. Trinity Ch., _for Freedmen and
+  Indian M._                                    32.19
+
+Lawrence. United Cong. Ch.                       5.00
+
+Lee. "Friendly."                                 1.50
+
+Ludlow Center. First Cong. Ch., Ladies' Soc.,
+  _for Tougaloo U._                             10.00
+
+Mansfield. Ladies' Miss'y Soc.                  10.00
+
+Medfield. Second Cong. Ch.                      78.38
+
+Milton. First Cong. Ch.                         30.50
+
+Middleboro. Central Cong. Ch., 46.73;
+  First Cong. Ch., 13.14                        59.87
+
+Newton. Eliot Ch., 120;
+  First Cong. Ch., 75.08                       195.08
+
+Newton Center. Mrs. Sarah C. Davis,
+  _for Indian M._                              200.00
+
+Norfolk. Union Cong. Ch.                         5.60
+
+North Attleboro. Frank Bennett,
+  _for Mountain Work_                            5.00
+
+North Brookfield. Union Cong. Ch.               13.18
+
+North Chelmsford. Second Cong. Ch.              21.00
+
+North Leominster. Ch. of Christ                 21.43
+
+Northampton. A.L. Williston, 170;
+  "A Friend," 9, _for Pleasant Hill, Tenn._    179.00
+
+Northampton. Edwards Ch. Benev. Soc.           160.00
+
+North Middleboro. Cong. Ch. and Soc.            32.65
+
+Oxford. Woman's Miss'y Soc., _for Freight
+ on 3 Bbl's. to Kittrell, N.C._                  6.50
+
+Oxford. "Oxtord."                                5.00
+
+Peabody. Second Cong. Ch., 5; West
+  Branch of Second Cong. Ch., 2.75               7.75
+
+Reading. Cong. Ch.                              18.00
+
+Randolph. Miss MARION BELCHER, to
+  const. herself L.M.                           30.00
+
+Rockland. Miss Cordelia Shaw, _for
+  Freight on Bbl. to Fisk U._                    2.00
+
+Salem. Crombie St. Cong. Ch. and Soc.           67.00
+
+Saxonville. Edwards Cong. Ch. and Soc.          10.93
+
+Sharon. Cong. Ch. and Soc., 30,
+  to const. J.W. PERRY L.M.;
+  Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch., 10                    40.00
+
+Somerville. Day St. Ch.,
+  _for Pleasant Hill, Tenn._                    15.00
+
+Southampton. L.C. Tiffany's S.S. Class,
+  Cong. Ch., _for Theo. Student Aid Fund_       20.00
+
+South Egremont. Cong. Ch.                       14.06
+
+South Deerfield. Cong. Ch., 34.15;
+  Sab. Sch., 12.93                              47.08
+
+South Framingham. South Cong. Ch.,
+  (50 of which _for Mountain Work_)            174.54
+
+South Hadley. First Cong. Ch.                   23.50
+
+Springfield. Miss Carrie H. Bowdoin             10.00
+
+Springfield. Y.P.S.C.E., First Ch. of Christ,
+  _for Pleasant Hill, Tenn._                     5.00
+
+South Weymouth. Miss S.B. Tirrel's S.S.
+  Class, Second Cong. Ch.                        4.82
+
+Townsend. Mrs. Ralph Ball, _for Freight
+  on Bbl. to Sherwood, Tenn._                    2.00
+
+Wakefield. Y.P.S.C.E., _for Mountain Work_       3.00
+
+West Boxford. Cong. Ch.                          8.85
+
+Westhampton. Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch.             18.78
+
+Westhampton. Cong. Ch. and Soc.                 13.58
+
+West Medford. ---- _for Boys' Hall,
+  Pleasant Hill, Tenn._                         30.00
+
+West Springfield. Ladies' Mission Circle
+  of Park St. Ch., _for Pleasant Hill,
+  Tenn._                                        50.00
+
+Winchendon. First Cong. Ch., 13, and
+  Sab. Sch., 17.30                              30.30
+
+Winchester. Ladies' Western Miss'y Soc.,
+  _for Pleasant Hill, Tenn._                    90.00
+
+Winchester. S. Elliott                          10.00
+
+Worcester. Mary A. and Joanna F. Smith          50.00
+
+Yarmouth. Rev. John W. Dodge,
+  _for Pleasant Hill, Tenn._                    50.00
+
+Hampden Benevolent Association, by
+  Charles Marsh, Treasurer:
+
+    Agawam                           20.25
+
+    Holyoke. Second                  83.31
+
+    South Hadley Falls                9.91
+
+    Springfield. South               46.30
+
+                                   -------     159.77
+
+                                            ---------
+
+                                            $4,249.69
+
+
+ESTATES.
+
+Dunstable. Estate of Mary Wilson, by
+  Wm. P. Proctor, Ex.                           50.00
+
+Enfield. Estate of J.B. Woods, by Rev.
+  R.M. Woods, Trustee, to const. MISS
+  CHARLOTTE A. LATHROP L.M.                     50.00
+
+Groton. Estate of Samuel C. Rockwood,
+  by George S. Gates, Ex.                      300.00
+
+                                            ---------
+
+                                            $4,599.69
+
+
+CLOTHING, BOOKS, ETC., RECEIVED AT BOSTON OFFICE.
+
+Kennebunk, Maine. Mrs. Mary P. Smith,
+  Box of C., _for Pleasant Hill, Tenn._
+
+Campello, Mass. Mrs. S.A. Southworth,
+  2 Boxes, _for Chapel Hill, S.C._
+
+Cambridgeport, Mass. By Mrs. R.L. Snow,
+ Box of Bedding, _for Pleasant Hill, Tenn._
+
+Gardner, Mass. Y.P.S.C.E., Package
+  of Papers, _for Jellico, Tenn._
+
+Hopkinton, Mass. King's Daughters, Bbl.
+  of C., val. 50, _for Pleasant Hill, Tenn._
+
+Oxford, Mass. Woman's Miss'y Soc., 3 Bbls.,
+  _for Kittrell, Ala._
+
+Rockland, Mass. Ladies' Sew. Circle of
+  Cong. Ch., Bbl., _for Fisk U._
+
+Roslindale, Mass. Miss F.H. Wiswall,
+  Box Hymn Books, etc., _for Talladega, Ala._
+
+Roxbury, Mass, Ladies' Benev. Soc. of Immanuel Ch.,
+  Bbl., val. 31.54, _for Pleasant Hill, Tenn._
+
+Townsend, Mass. By Mrs. Ralph Ball,
+  Bbl., _for Sherwood, Tenn._
+
+
+RHODE ISLAND, $730.96.
+
+Little Compton. Mrs. Antrace Pierce              5.00
+
+Newport. United Cong. Ch.                       30.00
+
+Providence. Central Cong. Ch. (25 of which
+  _for Girls' Hall, Pleasant Hill, Tenn._
+  and 10. _for Talladega C._)                  625.00
+
+Providence. North Cong. Ch.                     44.71
+
+Providence. Sab. Sch. of Beneficent Cong.
+  Ch., 25, Miss Burrows' Class, 1.25,
+  _for Pleasant Hill, Tenn._                    26.25
+
+
+CONNECTICUT, $2,705.00.
+
+Berlin. Mrs. Sophia Savage, _for
+  Tougaloo U._                                  10.00
+
+Bridgeport D.H. Terry, 10.,
+  L.B. Silliman, 5, _for Tougaloo U._           15.00
+
+Bristol. Cong. Ch.                              19.27
+
+Buckingham. Cong. Ch. and Soc.                   3.29
+
+East Granby. Cong. Ch.                           3.65
+
+Ellington. Cong. Ch.                           148.70
+
+Granby. South Cong. Ch., 13;
+  First Cong. Ch., 6.12                         19.12
+
+Hadlyme. Cong. Ch., 4.; Mrs. E. Geer, 1.         5.00
+
+Hartford. Students' Association of Hartford
+  Theo. Sem., 34.81; Mrs. Charles T.
+  Hillyer, 30.00                                64.81
+
+Hartford. D.R. Howe, _for Tougaloo U._          25.00
+
+Lisbon. Cong. Ch., bal. to const.
+  REV. Q.M. BOSWORTH L.M.                        7.00
+
+Middlebury. Cong. Ch.                           10.01
+
+Monroe. Mrs. F.A. and H.L. Curtiss              10.00
+
+Plymouth. Cong. Ch.                             46.00
+
+Poquonock. Cong. Ch.                            53.20
+
+Portland. First Cong. Ch.                        6.91
+
+Preston. Cong. Ch. and Soc.                     15.00
+
+Putnam. Second Cong. Ch.                        20.94
+
+New Britain. Prayer Meeting Coll. Center Ch.,
+  _for Tougaloo U._                             34.24
+
+New Britain. Normal Class of South Cong. Ch.,
+  _for Student Aid, Normal Inst.,
+  Grand View, Tenn._                             7.31
+
+New Haven. United Ch., 268.52;
+  College St. Ch., 10.00                       278.52
+
+New London. First Cong. Ch.                     50.06
+
+Newington. Cong. Ch.                            79.95
+
+New Preston. Mrs. Henry Upson, 4;
+  Mrs. Stanley Williams, 1,
+  _for Conn. Ind'l Sch., Ga._                    5.00
+
+Northford. Cong Ch.                             15.00
+
+North Madison. Cong. Ch.                        12.00
+
+Norwich. Broadway Cong. Ch.                    211.88
+
+Rockville. Union Cong. Ch. (65 of which
+  _for Tougaloo U._) to const. MISS LUCINDA
+  BAILEY, MISS ELLEN. L. WILSON, MISS
+  CELIA E. PRESCOTT, LUTHER H. FULLER
+  and ISAAC M. AGARD L.M.'s                    168.05
+
+Stamford. First Cong. Ch.                       16.61
+
+Terryville. Elizur Fenn                         10.00
+
+Thomaston. Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch.,
+  _for Sch'p, Santee Ind. Sch._                 17.50
+
+Thomaston. Cong. Ch.                            12.65
+
+Tolland. Cong. Ch.                               5.02
+
+Wallingford. Mrs. Clara Beebe Darling,
+  ad'l, _for Chapel, Darling Station,
+  Fort Yates, Dak._                            100.00
+
+Wallingford. H.L. Judd, _for Student Aid,
+  Tougaloo U._                                  70.00
+
+Wapping. Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch.                  7.27
+
+Watertown. Cong. Ch.                            24.79
+
+Watertown. Sab. Sch. Class, by Mrs. Fred.
+  Scott, _for Student Aid, Fort Berthold,
+  Ind. Sch._                                    15.00
+
+West Hartland. H.L. Wilcox,
+  _for Conn. Ind'l Sch., Ga._                    6.00
+
+Winchester. Cong. Ch.                           14.00
+
+Woodbury. North Cong. Ch.                       11.25
+
+Woman's Home Missionary Union of Conn.,
+  by Mrs. Ward W. Jacobs, Treas.,
+  _for Woman's Work_:
+
+    Bridgeport. L.H.M. Soc. of
+      North Ch.                                 50.00
+
+                                            ---------
+
+                                            $1,705.00
+
+ESTATE.
+
+Plymouth. Estate of Eliza Bull, by Ira B.
+  Bull and Geo. M. Welles, Executors         1,000.00
+
+                                            ---------
+
+                                            $2,705.00
+
+
+NEW YORK, $838.67.
+
+Albany. "E.M.E."                                10.00
+
+Amsterday. Mrs. Chandler Bartlett                2.00
+
+Aquebogue. Cong. Ch.                             3.20
+
+Brooklyn. Tompkins Ave. Cong. Ch.              400.00
+
+Churchville. Cong. Ch.                          31.05
+
+Clifton Springs. Mrs. W.W. Warner, Box of C.,
+  Val. 46.65, _for McLeansville, N.C._
+
+Deansville. Y.P.S.C.E., _for Student Aid,
+  Avery Inst._                                  10.00
+
+Hudson. Mrs. D.A. Jones                         15.00
+
+Ithaca. Sab. Sch. First Cong. Ch., _for ed.
+  of a girl, Santee Ind. Sch._                  35.00
+
+Jamestown. Sab. Sch. of First Cong. Ch.         10.39
+
+Kelloggsville. Miss C.L. Taylor                 50.00
+
+Lebanon. Thomas Hitchcock, 5; Ladles Aid
+  Soc., 5; Alfred Seymour, 5; Mrs. Servilia
+  G. Childs, 2; Mrs. J.H. Wagoner, 1; J.A.
+  Head, 1; G.G. Grosvenor, 50c.;
+  C.P. Day, 50c.                                20.00
+
+Munnsville. Cong. Ch.                            5.00
+
+Napoli. Cong. Ch.                                7.32
+
+New Lebanon. "A Friend"                          4.00
+
+New York. Broadway Tab., J.T. Leavitt          100.00
+
+New York. Mrs. H.B. Spelman,
+  _for Student Aid, Atlanta U._                 25.00
+
+New York. J.H. Washburn, Pkg. of C.
+
+Syracuse. Plymouth Ch.                          26.00
+
+Utica. Miss Caroline E. Backus,
+  _for Mountain Work_                            5.00
+
+Warsaw. Cong. Ch.                               14.71
+
+Woman's Home Missionary Union of N.Y.,
+  by Mrs. L.H. Cobb, Treas.,
+  _for Woman's Work_:
+
+    Binghamton. Helpers H.M. Soc.,
+      to const. MRS. J.L.
+      MESEREAU L.M.                  30.00
+
+    Geddes. Ladies Aux.               5.00
+
+    Lyssander. Ladies' Aux.,
+      to const. MRS. DESIRE A.
+      FULLER L.M.                    30.00
+
+                                   -------     $65.00
+
+
+NEW JERSEY, $185.00.
+
+Montclair. Womans' Home Miss'y Soc.
+  of First Cong. Ch. _for Marshallville
+  Sch., Ga._, and to const. MRS. LUCIA P.
+  AMES, MARY B. AMES   and LULU
+  AMES L.M's                                   180.00
+
+Paterson. P. Van Houten                          5.00
+
+Point Pleasant. Rev. S.Y. Lum, Box of
+  Books, _for Talladega C._
+
+
+PENNSYLVANIA, $10.00.
+
+Cambridge. First Cong. Ch.                       5.00
+
+Ridgway. Bible Class by Minnie J. Kline,
+  _for Oaks, N.C._                               5.00
+
+
+OHIO, $1,706.04.
+
+Cincinnati. Sab. Sch. of Walnut Hills
+   Cong. Ch., _for Grand View, Tenn._           30.00
+
+Cleveland. First Cong. Ch., 30.21;
+  Rev. W.L. Tenney, 15; Plymouth Ch., 5.85      51.06
+
+Columbus. First Cong. Ch.                      191.60
+
+Columbus. "A Friend" Box of Bedding,
+  _for Grand View, Tenn._
+
+Conneaut. Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch., 20;
+  H.E. Pond, 5., _for Student Aid, Fisk U._     25.00
+
+Fort Recovery. Cong. Ch.                         5.00
+
+Lafayette. Cong. Ch.                             5.50
+
+Lorain. "Wide Awake Soc." _for Student Aid,
+  Tougaloo U._                                   3.55
+
+Medina. Friends in Cong. Ch., by Mrs. E.F. Leach,
+  _for furnishing a room, new boarding hall,
+  Macon, Ga._                                   50.00
+
+North Bloomfield. Prof. F.O. Reed                5.00
+
+Oberlin. Second Cong. Ch.                       68.29
+
+Oberlin. Rev. C.V. Speare,
+  _for Pleasant Hill, Tenn._                    50.00
+
+Oberlin. Young Ladies' Miss'y Soc., _for
+  Student Aid, Pleasant Hill, Tenn._            25.00
+
+Oberlin. Second Cong. Ch.,
+  _for Jewett Memorial Hall_                    11.55
+
+Pittsfield. Ladies' Benev. Soc., Bundle of
+  Carpeting, _for Tougaloo U._
+
+Newark. Cong. Ch.                               10.00
+
+Strongsville. Elijah Lyman                      10.00
+
+Toledo. First Cong. Ch.                         50.00
+
+Wakeman. Cong. Ch. and Soc.                      5.75
+
+York. Cong. Ch. to const. MILO E.
+  BRANCH L.M.                                   32.00
+
+Ohio Woman's Home Missionary Union,
+  by Mrs. Phebe A. Crafts, Treasurer,
+  _for Woman's Work_:
+
+    Chagrin Falls. Aux.
+      _for Miss Collins_              7.50
+
+    Chester Cross Roads. St. Paul's
+     Miss. Band, _for Dakota
+     Indian M._                       3.00
+
+    Cleveland. First Cong. Ch.,
+     Y.P.S.C.E.                       4.13
+
+    Conneaut. W.H.M.S., _for Miss
+      Collins_                        5.00
+
+    Hudson. L.H.M.S.                  7.16
+
+    "Friends"                        24.95
+
+    Painesville. M.S. Home Dept.     25.00
+
+                                    ------     $76.74
+
+                                            ---------
+
+                                              $706.04
+
+
+ESTATE.
+
+Ashtabula. Estate of Miss E.G. Austin,
+  by Henry Fassett, Adm'r                    1,000.00
+
+                                            ---------
+
+                                            $1,706.04
+
+
+ILLINOIS, $743.83.
+
+Atkinson. Cong. Ch.                             10.20
+
+Aurora. N.L. Janes                              10.00
+
+Buda. Cong. Ch.                                114.86
+
+Chicago. Mrs. F.E. Brush,
+  _for Student Aid, Fisk U._                   104.00
+
+Chicago. Ladies of South Park Ch.                2.50
+
+Crete. Phineas Chapman                          50.00
+
+Elgin. Sab. Sch. of First Cong. Ch.,
+  _for Mountain Work_                            9.41
+
+Elgin. "A Friend"                                5.00
+
+Elmwood. Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch.,
+  _for Student Aid, Fisk U._                     3.00
+
+Mattoon. "Friends," by Mrs. A.F. Cushman,
+  _for Sch'p Endowment Fund, Fisk U._           15.00
+
+Morrison. William Wallace                       10.00
+
+Lawn Ridge. Cong. Ch. and Sab. Sch.             19.48
+
+Lee Center. Cong. Ch., _for Student Aid,
+  Straight U._                                  12.75
+
+Marseilles. Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch.,
+  _for Student Aid, Fisk U._                     9.00
+
+Payson. J.K. Scarborough                       100.00
+
+Peoria. Miss Etta Proctor's S.S. Class,
+  Sab. Sch. First Cong. Ch., _for Student Aid,
+  Fisk U._                                       3.00
+
+Princeton. Cong. Ch.                            11.71
+
+Princeton. Rev. F. Bascom, D.D., Box of
+  Books, _for Talladega C._
+
+Prospect Park. Cong. Ch., _for Indian M._       20.04
+
+Oak Park. Young People's Miss'y Soc.,
+  _for Sch'p Endowment Fund, Fisk U._           50.00
+
+Turner. Cong. Ch.                                3.13
+
+Illinois Woman's Home Missionary Union,
+  by Mrs. C.E. Maltby, Treas., _for Woman's Work_:
+
+    Ashkum                            0.56
+
+    Atkinson                          5.00
+
+    Buda                              3.50
+
+    Chebanse                          5.00
+
+    Chicago. Park                    22.75
+
+    Elgin                             5.00
+
+    Oak Park                         24.00
+
+    Peoria                           50.00
+
+    Rockford. First                  15.00
+
+    Rockford. Second                 20.00
+
+    Sterling                          8.50
+
+    Toulon                            2.00
+
+    Warrensburg                      14.44
+
+                                  --------     180.75
+
+
+MICHIGAN, $9,417.64.
+
+Detroit. Parke, Davis & Co., Chemists,
+  Medicines, Val. 17.31. _for Hospital,
+  Fort Yates, Dak._
+
+Grand Rapids. First Cong. Sab. Sch.             25.00
+
+Hart. Cong. Ch.                                  6.02
+
+Litchfield. First Cong. Ch.                      8.16
+
+Manistee. First Cong. Ch.                       26.00
+
+New Haven. First Cong. Ch.                       4.11
+
+South Haven. First Cong. Ch.                     1.05
+
+Wheatland. Cong. Ch.                            25.00
+
+                                            ---------
+
+                                               $95.34
+
+
+ESTATE.
+
+Olivet. Estate of William B. Palmer, by
+  Geo. W. Keyes, Ex.                         9,332.20
+
+                                            ---------
+
+                                            $9,417.54
+
+
+WISCONSIN, $82.66.
+
+Beloit. Sab. Sch. of Second Cong. Ch., 11.86;
+  First Cong. Ch., 5.50                         17.36
+
+Beloit. Sab. Sch. First Cong. Ch., Sewing
+  Machine, _for Straight U._; 2 _for Freight_    2.00
+
+Bristol and Paris. Cong. Ch.                    24.62
+
+Emerald Grove. Cong. Ch.                         6.50
+
+Madison. Clarissa L. Ware's S.S. Class,
+  Birthday Box, _for Lathrop Library_            0.93
+
+Madison. Clarissa L. Ware, Package Patchwork,
+  _for Sew. Sch., Sherwood, Tenn._
+
+New London. Ira Millerd, Sr., _for Lathrop
+  Library_                                       1.00
+
+Rosendale. Mrs. H.N. Clark, _for Freight
+  to Sherwood, Tenn._                            2.00
+
+West Salem. Mrs. Anson Clark                     2.00
+
+Whitewater. First Cong. Ch.                     25.00
+
+Viroqua. Mrs. J.R. Casson,
+  _for Freight to Sherwood, Tenn._               1.25
+
+
+IOWA, $226.60.
+
+Atlantic. Cong. Ch.                              9.22
+
+Blairstown. MRS. J.H. FRENCH, to const.
+  herself L.M.                                  30.00
+
+Burlington. First Cong. Ch., to const.
+  LUKE PALMER, JR. L.M.                         36.50
+
+Dunlap. Cong. Ch.                               13.98
+
+Genoa Bluffs. Boys' Intermediate and
+  Primary Classes, Cong. Sab. Sch.,
+  _for Student Aid, Straight U._                 8.00
+
+Grinnell. Cong. Ch.                             23.25
+
+Marcus. "A Life Member."                         1.00
+
+Oldfield. Highland Cong. Sab. Sch.,
+  _for Indian M and Mountain Work_               8.75
+
+Sherrills Mound. German Cong. Ch.                4.00
+
+Strawberry Point. First Cong. Ch.               12.15
+
+Wittemberg. Cong. Ch.                            9.00
+
+Woman's Home Missionary Union of Iowa,
+  _for Woman's Work_:
+
+    Central City. Y.P.S.C.E.          2.00
+
+    Clay. W.M.S.                      2.00
+
+    Des Moines. W.M.S.               22.02
+
+    Harlan. W.M.S.                    1.65
+
+    Independence. Aid Soc.            5.00
+
+    Lyons                             5.61
+
+    Miles. L.M.S., "Thank
+      Offering."                      5.00
+
+    McGregor. W.M.S.                  8.65
+
+    Onawa. S.S. Birthday Box          6.40
+
+    Osage. W.M.S.                     2.90
+
+    Rockford. L.M.S.                  0.05
+
+    Shenandoah. W.M.S.                5.55
+
+    Wells                             0.50
+
+                                    ------      67.33
+
+
+MINNESOTA, $93.55.
+
+Hutchinson. Cong. Ch.                           13.00
+
+Lake City. First Cong. Ch.,
+  _for Williamsburg Academy_                    23.02
+
+Minneapolis. Plymouth Ch.                       45.65
+
+Saint Paul. S.S. Class, _for Talladega C._       2.25
+
+Worthington. Union Cong. Ch.                     4.38
+
+Waseca. Cong. Ch.                                5.25
+
+
+MISSOURI, $40.00.
+
+Kansas City. Clyde Cong. Ch.                    40.00
+
+Laclede. Clara Seward, Package Patchwork,
+  _for Sew. Sch., Sherwood, Tenn._
+
+
+KANSAS, $12.00.
+
+Manhattan. W.E. Castle                          12.00
+
+
+NEBRASKA, $113.26.
+
+Cortland. "H.C.H."                               5.00
+
+Cowles. G.A. Harris                              2.48
+
+Hay Springs. First Cong. Ch.                     2.25
+
+Irvington. Cong. Ch.                            15.00
+
+Kearney. First Cong. Ch.                         5.00
+
+Nebraska City. Woman's Miss'y. Soc. of
+  Cong. Ch.                                      5.00
+
+Omaha. First Cong. Ch.                          78.53
+
+
+NORTH AND SOUTH DAKOTA, $113.19.
+
+Buffalo Gap. Cong. Ch.                           6.25
+
+Buxton, N.D. Ladies' Miss'y Soc. of
+  Cong. Ch., _for Mountain Work_                80.00
+
+Custer. Cong. Ch.                                4.10
+
+Lake Henry, S. Dak. Cong. Ch.                    4.71
+
+Yankton, S. Dak. Cong. Ch.                      18.13
+
+
+WASHINGTON, $5.50.
+
+Roy. Mrs. Eliza Taylor                           5.50
+
+OREGON, $45.00.
+
+Canyon. E.S. PENFIELD, to const.
+  himself L.M.                                  30.00
+
+Forest Grove. Cong. Ch.                         15.00
+
+
+CALIFORNIA, $3,190.15.
+
+Belmont. Mrs. E.L. Reed and Miss Harriet
+  Reed, _for Woman's Work_                      17.50
+
+Redlands. First Cong. Ch.                       19.25
+
+San Francisco. The California Chinese
+  Mission (See Items Below)                  3,138.40
+
+Tustin. "Busy Bees" by Miss Mary Buss, 15,
+  and Package C., _for Student Aid,
+  Normal Inst., Grand View, Tenn._              15.00
+
+
+NORTH CAROLINA, $43.85.
+
+Blowing Rock. F.W. Van Wagenen,
+  _for Blowing Rock, N.C._                      25.00
+
+McLeansville. Rev. A. Connet, _for
+  Talladega C._                                 14.60
+
+Willmington. Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch.              4.25
+
+
+TEXAS, $25.00.
+
+Dallas. Cong. Ch.                               25.00
+
+
+                                           ----------
+
+Donations                                  $13,862.30
+
+Estates                                     11,722.20
+
+                                           ----------
+
+                                           $25,584.50
+
+
+TUITION, $466.01.
+
+Lexington, Ky. Tuition              171.35
+
+Wilmington, N.C. Tuition              6.00
+
+Jonesboro, Tenn. County Fund         50.00
+
+Jonesboro, Tenn. Tuition              1.00
+
+Nashville, Tenn. Tuition            192.35
+
+Pleasant Hill, Tenn. Public Fund     40.00
+
+Pleasant Hill, Tenn. Tuition          3.00
+
+Austin, Texas. Tuition                2.31
+
+                                  --------     466.01
+
+United States Government for the
+  Education of Indians                       1,017.98
+
+                                           ----------
+
+Total for October                          $27,068.49
+
+                                           ==========
+
+
+FOR THE AMERICAN MISSIONARY.
+
+Subscriptions for October                      $81.86
+
+                                              =======
+
+
+RECEIPTS OF THE CALIFORNIA CHINESE MISSION,
+  from April 20th to October 16th, 1889.
+  E. Palache, Treas.
+
+FROM LOCAL MISSIONS.--Los Angeles,
+  Chinese Mon Off's. 34.80. Annual
+  Mem's and other gifts, 20.50.--Marysville.
+  Chinese Monthlies, 27.80; Annual
+  Mem's, 6.--Oakland, Chinese Monthlies,
+  40; Annual Mem's, 24.--Oroville.
+  Chinese Monthlies, 15.85; Annual
+  Mem's. 34.--Petaluma: Chinese Monthlies,
+  10.50; Anniversary Coll., 5.75; Annual
+  Mem's and other gifts (6 of which from
+  Dea. A.B. Case) 56.50.--Riverside,
+  Chinese Monthlies, 17.55; Annual
+  Mem's 15.--Sacramento, Chinese
+  Monthlies, 36; Annual Mem's,
+  30.25.--San Buenaventura, Chinese
+  Monthlies, 14,10; Annual Mon's, etc.,
+  31: Chinese Special Offerings, 91.85--San
+  Diego, Chinese weekly offerings, 86;
+  Annual Mem's and other gifts, 53.45;
+  J.A. Rogers, 10; QUON NEUEY, 25,
+  to const. himself L.M.; Rev. and Mrs.
+  J.B. Silcox, 10; Col. E.F. French, 5;
+  Moses Frick, 2.50; Others. 3.--Santa
+  Barbara, Chinese Monthlies, 14.05;
+  Annual Mem's and other gifts, 43.75;
+  Pon Dan, 5; Yee Ock, 5; Gin Chow, 5;
+  Mrs. E.M. Shattuck, 3.50, balance to
+  const. REV. C.T. WEITZEL L.M.; "Lady
+  Friend," 5; Mrs. Josiah Bates, 4;
+  Cong. Ch., 32.25; Collection at Social,
+  10.50.--Santa Cruz. Chinese Monthlies,
+  36.10; Anniversary Coll., 10.80; Annual
+  Mem's, etc., 63.50.--Stockton, Chinese
+  Monthlies, 8.75; Annual Mem's. 35.--Tucson,
+  Chinese Monthlies, 7; Annual
+  Mem's, 18; "A Friend," 1.35                 $964.95
+
+FROM CONGREGATIONAL CHURCHES.--Bethany,
+  (San Joaquin Co.) 4.--Byron,
+  6.--Crockett, 2.50.--Lorin, 6.40.--Los
+  Angeles, First, Woman's Home Missionary
+  Soc,. 43.10. Y.P.S.C.E., 4.50.--Murphys,
+  4.--Oakland. First, Annual
+  Off's, 120.85; Fellowship Fund,
+  22; Sab. Sen., Primary Class, 19.25;
+  Mrs. H.G. Noyes, 15, "Other Friends."
+  25; First Ch., Market St. Branch, 5.50,
+  Plymouth Ave. Ch., Dr. Geo. Mooar,
+  6.50; Dr. I.E. Dwinell, 5; Dr. J.A.
+  Benton. 5; Mrs. A.B. Sargent, 5; Mrs.
+  C.F. Whitton, 2.50; Mrs. M.L. Merritt,
+  2.50; Mr. and Mrs. F.A. Armstrong,
+  2.50; Others, 3.--Ontario, 47.--Redwood,
+  7.--Rio Vista, 15.15,--San Diego,
+  Second, Rev. F.B. Perkins, 5.--San
+  Francisco, First. Mrs. Hutchins, 5;
+  Miss Hutchins, 1.50; Mrs. Perkins, 1.80;
+  "Other Friends," 7; Third Church,
+  63.90.--Bethany Ch., from Americans
+  Annual Mem's, 67.50. Mrs. H.A. Lamont,
+  14; "W.C.P." balance to const.
+  REV. J.B. SILCOX and MRS. A.E. NOBLE
+  L.M's, 9.50; Dr. R.B. Hall, 10; J.M.
+  Stockman, 10; Mrs. S.C. Hasleton,
+  10; W. Johnstone, 5; T.S. Sherman,
+  5.--From Chinese Central Mission,
+  Monthly Off's, 46.90; Annual Mem's,
+  etc., 95.60; Barnes Mission, Monthly
+  Off's 8.25; Annual Mem's, etc., 8; West
+  Mission, Monthly Off's, 27.60; Annual
+  Mem's. 29; San Francisco Branch Ass'n
+  7.55, (25 of which from Chinese to
+  const. REV. J.F. MASTERS L.M.).--Saratoga,
+  10.--Woodland, 7.70                          834.95
+
+FROM INDIVIDUAL DONORS.--Messrs.
+  Balfour, Guthrie & Co., 500; Mrs. A.J.
+  Styles, 250.; Frank J. Felt, 50.; John
+  Jackson, 25.; Rev. Joseph Rowell, 10.
+  Rev. J.C. Holbrook, D.D., 10.; Mrs.
+  E.G. Chaddock, 5.; Rev. and Mrs. H.H.
+  Wickoff, 5                                   855.00
+
+FROM EASTERN FRIENDS.--Bangor, Me.,
+  Hon. E.R. Burpee, 100.--"A Friend,"
+  10.--Brewer, Me., Mrs. Hardy,
+  100.--Norridgewock, Me., Mrs. Benjamin
+  Tappan, 2.--North Conway, N.H.,
+  First Cong. Ch., 10.; Rev. R. Henry
+  Davis, 10.--Amherst, Mass., Mrs. R.A.
+  Lester, 100.--South Braintree, Mass.
+  Rev. J.B. Sewall. 25.--Marlboro,
+  Mass., Miss H.J. Alexander, 1.50.--New
+  Haven, Conn., Mrs. Henry Farnum,
+  100.--Colebrook, Conn., Miss
+  Sarah Carrington, 20.--Cincinnati,
+  Ohio, Miss L.B. Sherwood, 4.--Richfield,
+  Minn, T.N. Spaulding, 1.                     483.50
+
+                                            ---------
+
+Total                                       $3,138.40
+
+                                            =========
+
+
+H.W. HUBBARD, Treasurer,
+
+56 Reade N.Y.
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of American Missionary, Volume 43, No.
+12, December, 1889, by Various
+
+*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK AMERICAN MISSIONARY ***
+
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