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diff --git a/16044.txt b/16044.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..dc0839b --- /dev/null +++ b/16044.txt @@ -0,0 +1,5386 @@ +The Project Gutenberg EBook of Earths In Our Solar System Which Are Called +Planets, and Earths In The Starry Heaven Their Inhabitants, And The Spirits And Angels There, by Emanuel Swedenborg + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Earths In Our Solar System Which Are Called Planets, and Earths In The Starry Heaven Their Inhabitants, And The Spirits And Angels There + +Author: Emanuel Swedenborg + +Release Date: June 12, 2005 [EBook #16044] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ASCII + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK EARTHS IN OUR SOLAR SYSTEM *** + + + + +Produced by Juliet Sutherland, William Flis, and the Online +Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net + + + + + + +EARTHS IN OUR SOLAR SYSTEM + +WHICH ARE CALLED PLANETS + +AND + +EARTHS IN THE STARRY HEAVEN + +THEIR INHABITANTS, AND THE SPIRITS AND ANGELS THERE + +FROM THINGS HEARD AND SEEN + + + +_FROM THE LATIN_ + +OF + +EMANUEL SWEDENBORG + + +SWEDENBORG SOCIETY (Incorporated) 20-21 BLOOMSBURY WAY, LONDON, W.C.1 +1962 + + * * * * * + + + + +_The issues of this volume in a demy 8vo edition by the Swedenborg +Society have been:--_ + + _First Edition_ 1860 + _Second Edition_ 1875 + _Third Edition_ 1894 + _Reprinted_ 1909 + " 1931 + " 1940 + " 1962 + +_For other editions, see "A Bibliography of the Works of Emanuel +Swedenborg"_ (JAMES HYDE). + + + +_Printed in Great Britain by Morrison & Gibb Ltd., London and +Edinburgh_ + + * * * * * + + + + +TABLE OF CONTENTS. + + NOS. + + EARTHS IN THE UNIVERSE, 1-8 + + THE PLANET MERCURY, 9-45 + + THE PLANET JUPITER, 46-84 + + THE PLANET MARS, 85-96 + + THE PLANET SATURN, 97-104 + + THE PLANET VENUS, 105-110 + + THE MOON, 111, 112 + + REASONS WHY THE LORD WILLED TO BE BORN ON OUR EARTH, AND NOT ON + ANY OTHER, 113-122 + + EARTHS IN THE STARRY HEAVEN, 123-126 + + THE FIRST EARTH IN THE STARRY HEAVEN, 127-137 + + THE SECOND EARTH IN THE STARRY HEAVEN, 138-147 + + THE THIRD EARTH IN THE STARRY HEAVEN, 148-156 + + THE FOURTH EARTH IN THE STARRY HEAVEN, 157-167 + + THE FIFTH EARTH IN THE STARRY HEAVEN, 168-178 + + + PAGE + + INDEX OF SUBJECTS, 101 + + INDEX OF SCRIPTURE REFERENCES, 106 + + * * * * * + + + + +EARTHS IN THE UNIVERSE. + + +1. Inasmuch as, by the Divine mercy of the Lord, the interiors which +are of my spirit have been opened in me, and it has thereby been given +me to speak with spirits and angels, not only with those who are near +our Earth, but also with those who are near other earths; and since I +had an ardent desire to know whether there were other earths, and to +know their character and the character of their inhabitants; it has +been granted me by the Lord to speak and have intercourse with spirits +and angels who are from other earths, with some for a day, with +some for a week, with some for months; and to be instructed by them +respecting the earths from and near which they were, and concerning +the life, customs, and worship of their inhabitants, besides various +other things there that are worthy of note. And since it has been +given me to become acquainted with these matters in this way, it is +permitted me to describe them from the things which I have heard and +seen. It is necessary that it be known that all spirits and angels are +from the human race[a], and that they are near their own earths[b], +and are acquainted with what is upon them; and that a man may be +instructed by them, if his interiors are so far opened as to enable +him to speak and be in company with them: for man in his essence is +a spirit[c], and is in company with spirits as to his interiors[d]; +wherefore he whose interiors are opened by the Lord, is able to speak +with them, as man with man[e]. It has now been granted me to enjoy +this privilege daily for twelve years. + +[Footnote: _From the_ ARCANA COELESTIA: _in which work these and +subsequent articles, which are inserted below the line, are explained +and shown._] + +[Footnote a: There are no spirits and angels who are not from the +human race, no. 1880.] + +[Footnote b: The spirits of every earth are near their own earth, +because they are of its inhabitants, and of a similar genius; and they +are meant to be of service to them, no. 9968.] + +[Footnote c: The soul, which lives after death, is the spirit of man, +which in a man is the man himself, and also appears in the other life +in a perfect human form, nos. 322, 1880, 1881, 3633, 4622, 4735, 6054, +6605, 6626, 7021, 10594.] + +[Footnote d: Man, even during his abode in the world, is, as to his +interiors, consequently as to his spirit or soul, in the midst of +spirits and angels who are of such a character as he himself is, nos. +2379, 3645, 4067, 4073, 4077.] + +[Footnote e: Man is capable of speaking with spirits and angels, and +the ancients on our Earth frequently spoke with them, nos. 67, 68, 69, +784, 1634, 1636, 7802. But at the present day it is dangerous for man +to speak with them, unless he be in a true faith, and be led by the +Lord, nos. 784, 9438, 10751.] + +2. That there are many earths, and men upon them, and spirits and +angels from them, is very well known in the other life; for in that +life, every one who from a love of the truth and consequent use +desires it, is allowed to speak with the spirits of other earths, so +as to be convinced that there is a plurality of worlds, and informed +that the human race is not from one earth only, but from numberless +earths; and so as to be informed, besides, of what genius and life +they are, and of what character their Divine worship is. + +3. I have sometimes spoken on this subject with the spirits of our +Earth, and it was said that a man of sound understanding may conclude, +from many things which he knows, that there are more earths than one, +and that there are human beings upon them. For it is an inference of +reason, that such huge bodies as the planets are, some of which exceed +this Earth in magnitude, are not empty bodies, created only to be +carried and to rotate around the sun, and to shine with their scanty +light (_lumen_) for the benefit of one earth only; but that they must +needs have a nobler use than this. He who believes, as every one ought +to believe, that the Divine created the universe for no other end +than the existence of the human race, and of a heaven from it (for +the human race is the seminary of heaven), cannot but believe that +wherever there is an earth, there are human beings. That the planets, +which are visible to our eyes, being within the boundaries of this +solar system, are earths, may be clearly seen from the following +considerations. They are bodies of earthy matter, because they reflect +the sun's light (_lumen_), and, when seen through the telescope, +appear, not as stars shining from their flame, but as earths +(_terrae_) variegated with dark spots. Like our Earth, they are +carried round the sun and advance progressively through the path of +the zodiac, which motion causes years, and seasons of the year, which +are spring, summer, autumn, and winter. They likewise rotate upon +their own axis, just as our Earth does, and this rotation causes days, +and times of the day, that is, morning, mid-day, evening, and +night. And moreover, some of them also have moons, which are called +satellites, which perform their revolutions around their globes in +stated times, as the moon does around ours. The planet Saturn, because +it is so very far distant from the sun, has also a great luminous +ring, which supplies that earth with much, although reflected, light. +How is it possible for any one who is acquainted with these facts, and +thinks from reason, to assert that such bodies are uninhabited? + +4. I have, moreover, spoken with spirits [to the effect] that men may +be led to believe that there are more earths in the universe than one, +by considering the immensity of the starry heaven with its innumerable +stars, each of which, in its own place, that is, in its own system, is +a sun, and like our sun, but differs in magnitude. Any one who rightly +weighs these facts must conclude that so immense a whole cannot but be +the means to an end which is the final end of creation, and that this +end is a heavenly kingdom, in which the Divine may dwell with angels +and men. For the visible universe, that is, the heaven resplendent +with such an innumerable multitude of stars, which are so many suns, +is merely a means for the existence of earths, and of human beings +upon them, from whom a heavenly kingdom [may be formed]. From these +considerations a rational man cannot but think that a means so immense +to an end so great was not provided for a human race, and a heaven +from them, from one earth only. What would this be to the Divine, +who is infinite, and to whom thousands, yea, myriads, of earths, +all filled with inhabitants, would be but a little thing and almost +nothing! + +5. Besides, the angelic heaven is so immense that it corresponds to +each single part in man, myriads [of angels corresponding] to each +member, and organ, and viscus, and to each affection of them; and +it has been given me to know that this heaven, as to all its +correspondences, cannot possibly exist except from the inhabitants of +very many earths[f]. + +[Footnote f: Heaven corresponds to the Lord, and man, as to all things +in general and particular, corresponds to heaven; and hence heaven, +before the Lord, is a Man in a large effigy, and may be called the +Grand or Greatest Man, nos. 2996, 2998, 3624-3649, 3741-3746, 4625. +Concerning the correspondence of man, and of all things pertaining to +him, with the Grand Man, which is heaven, in general, from experience, +nos. 3021, 3624-3649, 3741-3751, 3883-3896, 4039-4055, 4218-4218-4228, +4318-4331, 4403-4421, 4523-4533, 4622-4633, 4652-4660, 4791-4805, +4931-4953, 5050-5061, 5171-5189, 5377-5396, 5552-5573, 5711-5727, +10030.] + +6. There are spirits whose sole study is the acquisition of knowledges +finding in them their only delight. These spirits are therefore +permitted to wander about, and even to pass beyond this solar system +into others, and procure knowledges. They have stated that there are +earths in immense numbers, inhabited by human beings, not only in this +solar system, but in the starry heaven beyond it. These spirits are +from the planet Mercury. + +7. With regard, in general, to the Divine worship of the inhabitants +of other earths: all there, who are not idolaters, acknowledge the +Lord to be the One only God; for they adore the Divine, not as an +invisible Divine, but as visible, for this reason, besides others, +that when the Divine appears to them it is in the Human Form, as He +formerly did to Abraham and others on this Earth [g]; and all who +adore the Divine under the Human Form are accepted by the Lord [h]. +They also say that no one can worship God rightly, and still less be +conjoined with Him, unless he comprehends Him by some idea, and that +God cannot be comprehended except in the Human Form; and that if He +be not thus comprehended, the interior sight, which is that of the +thought, concerning God, is dissipated, as is the sight of the eye, +when looking into the universe with nothing to limit the view; and +that then the thought cannot but fall into nature, and worship it +instead of God. + +[Footnote g: The inhabitants of all the earths adore the Divine Being +under the Human Form, consequently the Lord, nos. 8541-8547, 10159, +10736, 10737, 10738. And they rejoice when they hear that God actually +became Man, no. 9361. It is impossible to think of God except in the +Human Form, nos. 8705, 9359, 9972. Man is able to worship and love +that of which he has some idea, but not that of which he has no idea, +nos. 4733, 5110, 5663, 7211, 9167, 10067.] + +[Footnote h: The Lord receives all who are in good, and who adore the +Divine under the Human Form, nos. 9359, 7178.] + +8. When they were told that the Lord assumed the Human on our Earth, +they pondered for awhile, and then said that it was done for the +salvation of the human race. + + + + +THE EARTH OR PLANET MERCURY, AND ITS SPIRIT AND INHABITANTS + + +9. That the entire heaven resembles one man, who is therefore called +the Grand or Greatest Man (_Maximus Homo_), and that all things in +general and particular in man, both his exteriors and interiors, +correspond to that man or to heaven, is an arcanum as yet unknown in +the world; but that it is so has been shown in many passages[i]. +But to constitute that Grand Man, those who come from our Earth into +heaven are insufficient, being comparatively few; they must come from +many other earths: and it is provided by the Lord that as soon as +there is in any part a deficiency in the quality or quantity of the +correspondence, those who may supply it shall be immediately summoned +from another earth, in order that the proportion may be preserved, and +heaven by this means maintain its consistence. + +[Footnote i: See note f.] + +10. It has also been disclosed to me from heaven, what the spirits +from the planet Mercury have relation to in the Grand Man, namely, +that they have relation to the memory, but to the memory of things +abstracted from earthly and merely material things. As, however, it +has been given me to speak with them, and this for many weeks, and to +learn of what character they are, and to examine how the inhabitants +of that earth are circumstanced, I wish to adduce the experiences +themselves. + +11. Some spirits came to me, and it was stated from heaven that they +were from the earth nearest to the sun, which on our Earth is called +the planet Mercury. Immediately on their coming they sifted out of my +memory the things that I knew. This, spirits can do most skilfully, +for when they come to a man they see in his memory all the particulars +it contains[j]. While passing in review the various things, and, among +others, the cities and places where I had been, I observed that they +had no wish to know the temples, palaces, houses, and streets, but +only the things I knew to have been done in them, also the things that +related to the government there, and to the genius and manners of the +inhabitants, and other similar things; for such matters are closely +associated with the places in a man's memory, so that when the places +are called to mind, these matters also suggest themselves. I was +surprised to find them of such a character, and therefore inquired +why they disregarded the magnificent objects of the places, and only +inquired into the facts and transactions connected with them. They +said that they had no delight in regarding material, corporeal, and +terrestrial things, but only things that are real. Hence it was proved +that the spirits of that earth, in the Grand Man, have relation to the +memory of things abstracted from material and terrestrial things. + +[Footnote j: Spirits enter into all things of man's memory, and do +not [insinuate anything] from their own [memory] into the man's, nos. +2488, 5863, 6192, 6193, 6198, 6199, 6214. The angels enter into +the affections and ends, from which and for the sake of which a man +thinks, wills, and acts in such or such a manner in preference to +every other, nos. 1317, 1645, 5844.] + +12. I was told that the life of the inhabitants of that earth is such, +namely, that they do not concern themselves about terrestrial and +corporeal things, but only about the statutes, laws, and governments +of the nations there; and also about the things of heaven, which are +innumerable. I was further informed, that many of the men (_homines_) +of that earth converse with spirits, and that thence they have +knowledges respecting spiritual things and the states of life after +death, and that thence also they have a contempt for corporeal and +terrestrial things; for those who know for a certainty, and believe, +that there is a life after death, are concerned about heavenly things, +as being eternal and blessed, but not about worldly things, except so +far as the necessities of life require. Such being the character of +its inhabitants, such also is that of the spirits who are from it[k]. + +[Footnote k: The spirits who are with man are in possession of all +things of his memory, nos. 5853, 5857, 5859, 5860.] + +13. How eagerly they search for and imbibe the knowledges of such +things as pertain to the memory raised above the sensual things of +the body, was made manifest to me from the circumstance that when they +looked into the things which I knew respecting heavenly subjects, they +ran over them all, and kept on stating the nature of each. For when +spirits come to a man, they enter into the whole of his memory, and +call forth from it what suits themselves; nay, what I have often +observed, they read its contents as from a book[k]. These spirits did +this more skilfully and quickly, because they did not linger over such +matters as are heavy and sluggish, and confine and consequently impede +the internal sight, as is the nature of all terrestrial and corporeal +things, when regarded as ends, that is, when alone loved; but they +devoted their attention to things themselves; for those matters to +which terrestrial things do not cling, carry the mind (_animus_) +upwards, and so introduce it into a wide field [of view], whereas +merely material things drag the mind (_animus_) downwards, and thus +limit and imprison it. Their eagerness to acquire knowledges +and enrich the memory was further evident from the following +circumstances: Once, when I was writing something concerning things +to come, and they were at a distance, so that they could not look into +those things from my memory; because I was unwilling to read them in +their presence, they were very indignant, and, contrary to their usual +demeanour, they were disposed to inveigh against me, saying that I +was the worst of men, and other like things; and, to show their +resentment, they caused a kind of contraction, attended with pain, on +the right side of my head as far as the ear; but such treatment did me +no harm. As, however, they had done evil, they removed themselves to +a still greater distance, yet kept stopping, being desirous of knowing +what I had written. Such is their eager desire for knowledges. + +14. The spirits of Mercury, more than other spirits, possess the +knowledges of things, both of those which are within this solar +system, and those which are beyond it in the starry heaven; and +whatever things they have once acquired they retain, and recollect +them as often as similar ones occur. From this also it may manifestly +appear that spirits have memory, and that it is much more perfect than +that of men; and further, that spirits retain what they hear, see, and +apperceive, and especially such matters as they are delighted with, as +these spirits are with the knowledges of things; for things that are +matters of delight and love flow in as it were spontaneously, and +remain; other things do not enter, but only touch the surface and pass +by. + +15. When the spirits of Mercury come to other societies, they try +to discover from them what they know, and when they have ascertained +this, they depart. There is also such a communication among spirits, +and especially among angels, that when they are in a society, if they +are accepted and loved, they communicate or share all they know.[l] + +[Footnote l: In the heavens there is a communication of all goods, +inasmuch as heavenly love communicates all its possessions to others; +and hence the angels derive wisdom and happiness, nos. 549, 550, 1390, +1391, 1399, 10130, 10723.] + +16. The spirits of Mercury, on account of their knowledges, are more +conceited than others; wherefore they were told that, although they +know innumerable things, there is yet an infinity of things which they +do not know; and that even were the knowledges with them to increase +to eternity, they would still be unable to attain to so much as an +acquaintance with the generals of all things. They were told that they +were conceited and elated of disposition, and that this character +is unbecoming; but they replied, that it is not conceit, but only a +glorying on account of the capacity of their memory. Thus they have +the art of excusing their faults. + +17. They are averse to verbal speech, because it is material; +wherefore, when I conversed with them without intermediate spirits, I +could only do so by a kind of active thought. Their memory, because it +is a memory of things, not of purely material images, brings nearer +to the thought its proper objects; for the thought, which is above the +imagination, requires for its objects things abstracted from those +of matter. But notwithstanding that this is the case, the spirits +of Mercury excel but little in the faculty of judgment. They take no +delight in the things which pertain to judgment and to conclusions +from knowledges; for their delight is in the bare knowledges. + +18. It was suggested to them, whether they did not wish to make any +use of their knowledges; for it is not enough to be delighted with +knowledges, because knowledges have respect to uses, and uses ought +to be their ends; that from knowledges alone no use results to +themselves, but to others with whom they are willing to share or +communicate them; and that it is not at all meet for a man who wants +to become wise to stand still in knowledges alone, inasmuch as +these are only instrumental causes, meant to be serviceable for the +investigation of matters which ought to belong to the life. But they +replied that they were delighted with knowledges, and that to them +knowledges were uses. + +19. Some of them, also, wish to appear, not as men, like the spirits +of other earths, but as crystalline globes. Their wanting to appear +so, although they do not, arises from the circumstance that the +knowledges of immaterial things are in the other life represented by +crystals. + +20. The spirits of Mercury differ entirely from those of our Earth, +for the spirits of our Earth concern themselves not so much about +[immaterial] things as about worldly, corporeal, and terrestrial +things, which are material. For this reason the spirits of Mercury +cannot be together with the spirits of our Earth, and therefore +wherever they meet them they flee away, for the spiritual spheres that +are exhaled from both are almost contrary. The spirits of Mercury have +a common saying, that they do not want to look at the sheath, but at +things stripped of their sheath, thus at interior things. + +21. There appeared a flame of considerable brightness, which blazed +cheerfully, and this for about an hour. That flame signified the +advent of some spirits of Mercury who, for penetration, thought, and +speech, were prompter than those who preceded them. When they were +come, they instantly ran over the things that were in my memory, +but, owing to their promptness, I was unable to apperceive what they +observed. Immediately afterwards, I heard them say that the matter +was thus and thus. With regard to the things which I had seen in the +heavens and in the world of spirits, they said that they knew them +before. I perceived that a multitude of spirits who were consociated +with them, was behind, a little to the left, in the plane of the +occiput. + +22. At another time I saw a multitude of such spirits, but at some +little distance from me, in front a little to the right, and they +spoke with me from thence, but through intermediate spirits; for their +speech is as quick as thought, which does not fall into human speech, +except by means of other spirits; and what surprised me, they spoke +in a body, and yet as promptly and rapidly as possible. Their speech, +being of many together, was apperceived as undulatory, and, what was +remarkable, it glided towards my left eye, although they were to the +right. The reason was, that the left eye corresponds to the knowledges +of things abstracted from material things, thus to such as belong to +intelligence, while the right eye corresponds to such as belong +to wisdom[m]. With the same promptness with which they spoke, they +perceived the things that they heard, and formed their judgment upon +them, saying of one thing that it was so, and of another that it was +not so, their judgment being as it were instantaneous. + +[Footnote m: The eye corresponds to the understanding, because +the understanding is the internal sight, and the sight of things +immaterial, nos. 2701, 4410, 4526, 9051, 10569. The sight of the left +eye corresponds to truths, consequently to intelligence; and the sight +of the right eye corresponds to the goods of truth, consequently to +wisdom, no. 4410.] + +23. There was a spirit from another earth, who was well qualified to +converse with them, being a prompt and rapid speaker, but who affected +elegance in his discourse. They instantly formed their judgment +concerning whatever he spoke, saying of one thing that it was too +elegantly, of another that it was too learnedly expressed; so that the +only thing they attended to was, whether they heard from him anything +which was not known to them before, rejecting thereby such things as +obscured the subject, which are chiefly affectations of elegance in +expression and of erudition; for these hide the things themselves and +in their place substitute expressions, which are the material forms +of things; on these the speaker keeps his mind (_animus_) fixed, and +wants to draw attention to his expressions rather than their meaning, +by which the ears of his auditors are more affected than their minds +(_mens_). + +24. The spirits of the earth Mercury do not tarry in one place, or +among assemblies of the spirits of one system, but wander through +the universe. The reason is that they have reference to the memory +of things, which requires to be continually enriched; therefore it is +granted them to wander about, and everywhere acquire knowledges. +If, while travelling in this manner, they meet with spirits who love +material, that is, corporeal and terrestrial things, they shun them, +and betake themselves to where they do not hear such things. From this +it may appear that their mind (_animus_) is elevated above sensual +things, and thus that they are in interior light (_lumen_). This it +was also given me actually to perceive when they were near me and were +speaking with me. I observed then that I was withdrawn from sensual +things to such a degree, that the light (_lumen_) of my eyes began to +grow dull and dim. + +25. The spirits of that earth go about by companies and phalanxes, and +when assembled together they form as it were a globe. They are joined +together in this manner by the Lord in order that they may act as a +one, and that the knowledges of each may be communicated to all, and +the knowledges of all to each, as is the case in heaven[l]. That they +wander through the universe in quest of the knowledges of things, was +made manifest to me also from this fact, that once, when they appeared +very remote from me, they spoke with me from thence, and said that +they were then gathered together, and were going beyond the sphere of +this system into the starry heaven, where they knew there were such +as had no concern about terrestrial and corporeal things, but about +things elevated above them, with whom they desired to be. It was +stated that they themselves do not know whither they are going, but +that under the Divine auspices they are conveyed to where they may +be instructed concerning such things as they had previously been +unacquainted with, and which are in agreement with the knowledges they +already possess. It was also stated that they do not know how they +meet with the companions with whom they are conjoined, and that this +also is effected under the Divine auspices. + +26. As they journey through the universe in this manner, and are thus +enabled to know more than others about the systems and earths beyond +the sphere of our solar system, I have spoken with them on this +subject also. They said that in the universe there are very many +earths, with human beings upon them; and that they wonder at its being +supposed by some, whom they called men of little judgment, that the +heaven of the Omnipotent God consists only of the spirits and angels +who come from one earth, when these are so few that, relatively to the +Omnipotence of God, they are scarcely anything, and this would be the +case even if there were myriads of systems with myriads of earths. +They said, moreover, that they knew of the existence of earths in the +universe exceeding in number some hundreds of thousands; and yet what +is this to the Divine, who is Infinite! + +27. The spirits of Mercury, when they were with me while I was writing +and explaining the Word as to its internal sense, and who perceived +what I was writing, said that the things which I wrote were very +gross, and that almost all the expressions appeared as material. But +it was given to reply, that the men of our Earth nevertheless look +upon the things that have been written, as subtle and elevated, and +that many things they do not understand. I added, that very many on +this Earth do not know that it is the internal man that acts on the +external, and causes it to live, and that from the fallacies of the +senses they persuade themselves that the body has a life of its own, +and that in consequence the evil and unbelieving are in doubt as to a +life after death. Also, that that in man which is to live after death +they do not call the spirit but the soul; and that they dispute about +what the soul is and where its abode is, and believe that the material +body, although dispersed to all the winds, must be again conjoined to +it, in order that man may live as a man; besides many other things of +the same kind. When the spirits of Mercury heard these things, they +asked whether such men could become angels. To this it was given to +answer that those who have lived in the good of faith and charity +become angels, and that then they are no longer in external and +material things, but in internal and spiritual things; and that when +they come into this state, they are in a light superior to that in +which the spirits from Mercury are. In order that they might know that +this was so, an angel who had come into heaven from our Earth, and who +had been such while he lived in the world, was allowed to speak with +them; which circumstance will be detailed below [at no. 37]. + +28. Afterwards there was sent me by the spirits of Mercury a long +paper of an irregular shape, consisting of several papers stuck +together, which appeared as if printed with types such as are used on +this Earth. I asked whether they had such among them; but they said +they had not, but that they knew that there were such printed papers +on our Earth. They were not willing to say more; but I perceived that +they thought that the knowledges on our Earth were on papers, and not +so much within the man himself, thus derisively insinuating that the +papers, so to speak, knew more than the man. But they were instructed +as to the real state of the case. After some time they returned, and +sent me another paper, which also appeared printed with types like +unto the former one; not, however, like it, stuck together and untidy, +but symmetrically shaped and neat: they said they had been further +informed that on this Earth there were such papers, and books made of +them. + +29. From the facts that have now been stated, it clearly appears, that +spirits retain in the memory the things that they see and hear in the +other life, and that they are equally capable of being instructed as +when they were men in the world, consequently, of being instructed in +those things that are of faith, and thereby of being perfected. The +more interior spirits and angels are, the more promptly and fully do +they imbibe, and the more perfectly do they retain [what they hear], +and as this [capacity remains] for ever, it is evident that wisdom +is continually growing with them. With the spirits of Mercury, the +science of things is continually growing, yet not therefore wisdom, +because they love knowledges, which are means, but not uses, which are +ends. + +30. Furthermore, the character of the genius of the spirits who are +from the planet Mercury may still further appear from the following +facts. It must be known that all spirits and angels without exception +were once men, for the human race is the seminary of heaven; and that +spirits are altogether such as to their affections and inclinations +as they had been when they lived as men in the world, for every one's +life follows him[n]. This being the case, the genius of the men of +every earth may be known from the genius of the spirits who are from +it. + +[Footnote n: Every one's life remains with him and follows him after +death, nos. 4227, 7440. The externals of life are kept closed after +death, and the internals of life are opened, nos. 4314, 5128, +6495. All things in general and particular of thought are then made +manifest, nos. 4633, 5128.] + +31. Since the spirits of Mercury in the Grand Man have relation to the +memory of things abstracted from material things, therefore when +any one speaks to them of terrestrial, corporeal, and merely worldly +things, they are absolutely unwilling to hear; and if they are forced +to hear of those things, they transmute them into others, and for the +most part into contrary things, so as to avoid them. + +32. In order that I might know for certain that such was their genius, +it was allowed to represent to them meadows, fallow-lands, gardens, +woods, and streams. To represent such things is to exhibit before +another in imagination those things which, in the other life, appear +to the life. But they instantly transmuted them; they darkened the +meadows and fallow-lands, and by representations filled them with +snakes; the streams they turned black, so that the water no longer +appeared limpid. When I asked why they did so, they said they did +not want to think of such things, but of realities, which are the +knowledges of things abstracted from terrestrial things, especially of +such as exist in the heavens. + +33. I afterwards represented to them birds both large and small, +such as exist on our Earth; for in the other life such things can be +represented to the life. On seeing those birds represented, they at +first wanted to change them, but they afterwards were delighted +with them, and became quiet; the reason was, that birds signify the +knowledges of things, and the perception of this fact then flowed +in[o]; they therefore abstained from transmuting them, and so from +turning away the ideas of their memory. Afterwards it was permitted +me to represent before them a very pleasant garden full of lamps and +lights; they then paused and their attention was fixed, because lamps +with lights signify truths (_veritates_) which shine from good[p]. +From this it was evident that they could be detained in the +consideration of material things, provided only that the signification +of those things in the spiritual sense were insinuated at the same +time; for the things which belong to the spiritual sense are not +abstracted from material things to the same extent, inasmuch as they +are representative of these. + +[Footnote o: Birds signify rational things, intellectual things, +thoughts, ideas, and knowledges, nos. 40, 745, 776, 778, 866, 988, +993, 5149, 7441. And this with variety according to the genera and +species of the birds, no. 3219.] + +[Footnote p: Lamps with lights signify truths (_veritates_) which +shine from good, nos. 4638, 9548, 9783.] + +34. Moreover, I spoke with them about sheep and lambs, but they were +not willing to hear of such things, because they were perceived +by them as terrestrial things; the reason was, that they did +not understand what innocence is, which lambs signify; this was +apperceived from the circumstance that, on my saying that lambs, when +represented in heaven, signify innocence[q], they said that they did +not know what innocence was, but only knew it by name: the reason is, +that they are affected with knowledges only, but not with uses, which +are the ends of knowledges, consequently they are unable to know, from +internal perception, what innocence is. + +[Footnote q: Lambs in heaven, and in the Word, signify innocence, nos. +3994, 7840, 10132.] + +35. Some of the spirits of the earth Mercury came to me, being sent by +others, in order that they might hear what was going on near me. These +were told by one of the spirits of our Earth, to tell their [friends] +not to speak anything but what was true, and not, as they were wont, +to present opposite things to their questioners; for that if any of +the spirits of our Earth were to do so, he would be punished. But +immediately the company from which those spirits had been sent +forth, and which was at a distance, made answer, that if they must be +punished on that account, they must all be punished, inasmuch as, from +continual practice, they could not do otherwise. They said that when +they speak with the men of their own earth, they also do likewise, +not, however, with any intention to deceive, but to inspire the desire +of knowing; for when they present opposite things, and conceal things +in a certain manner, the desire of knowing is excited, and thus from +the zeal of exploring those things, the memory is perfected. I also, +on another occasion, spoke with them on the same subject, and, as +I knew that they spoke with the men of their earth, I asked in what +manner they instructed their inhabitants. They said that they do not +instruct them fully as to how a matter is, but keep insinuating some +apperception of it, in order that from this the desire of exploring +and of acquiring knowledge may be nourished and grow; for if they were +to answer all their questions, the desire would perish. They added, +that they suggest opposites for this reason also, that the truth +(_veritas_) may afterwards appear the better; for all truth appears +from relation to its opposites. + +36. It is their custom not to tell another what they know, but still +they want to learn from all others what is known to them. With their +own society, however, they communicate everything, insomuch that +what one knows all know, and what all know each one in the society +knows[l]. + +37. Inasmuch as the spirits of Mercury abound in knowledges, they are +in a certain kind of conceit; hence they imagine that they know so +much that it is almost impossible to know more. But it was told them +by the spirits of our Earth, that they do not know much but little, +and that the things which they do not know are comparatively infinite; +and that the things which they do not know, are, relatively to those +they do know, as the waters of the largest ocean to those of a very +small fountain; and further, that the first step towards wisdom +consists in knowing, acknowledging, and perceiving that what one +knows, is, compared with what one does not know, so little as hardly +to be anything. In order that they might know that it is so, it was +granted that a certain angelic spirit should speak with them, and tell +them generally what they knew and what they did not know, and that +there were infinite things which they did not know, and that eternity +would not suffice for their acquiring even a general knowledge of +things. He spoke by means of angelic ideas much more readily than they +did, and as he disclosed to them what they knew and what they did not +know, they were struck with amazement. Afterwards I saw another angel +speaking with them, who appeared at some height towards the right; he +was from our Earth. He recounted very many things which they did not +know; and afterwards he spoke with them by means of changes of state, +which they said they did not understand. He then told them that every +change of state, and also every smallest part of such change, contains +infinite things. When they heard this, as they had been conceited on +account of their knowledges, they began to humble themselves. Their +humiliation was represented by the sinking downwards of the compact +body (_volumen_) which they formed (for that company appeared at the +time as a compact body, in front towards the left, at a distance, +in the plane of the region below the navel); but the compact body +appeared as it were hollowed in the middle, and raised at the sides; +an alternating motion was also observed therein. They were also told +what that signified, that is, what they thought in their humiliation, +and that those who appeared elevated at the sides were not as yet in +any humiliation; and I saw that the compact body was separated, and +that those who were not in humiliation were sent back towards their +earth, the rest remaining. + +38. There once came some spirits of Mercury to a certain spirit from +our Earth, who, during his life in the world, had been most celebrated +for his learning,--he was Christian Wolf--desiring to receive +information from him on various subjects. But when they perceived that +what he said was not elevated above the sensual things of the natural +man, because in speaking he thought of honour, and wanted, as in the +world (for in the other life every one is like his former self), +to connect various things into series, and from these again and +continually to deduce others, and so form several chains of such, +which they did not see or acknowledge to be true, and which therefore +they declared to be chains which neither cohered in themselves nor +with the conclusions, and called them the obscurity of authority, they +ceased to question him, inquiring only _what this was called and what +that_. And because he answered these questions also by material ideas, +and not by any that were spiritual, they departed from him. For in the +other life every one speaks spiritually, or by spiritual ideas, so far +as in the world he had believed in God; and materially, so far as he +had not believed. As an opportunity here offers, I may relate how the +case is, in the other life, with the learned who acquire intelligence +by their own meditation kindled by the love of knowing truths for +the sake of truths, thus for the sake of uses apart from worldly +considerations; and how the case is with those who acquire +intelligence from others without any meditation of their own, as is +the practice of those who desire to know truths merely for the purpose +of acquiring a reputation for learning, and of thereby attaining +honour or gain in the world, and consequently not for the sake of +uses apart from worldly considerations. I may here relate a certain +experience concerning men of this character. There was apperceived a +certain sound penetrating from beneath near the left side as far as +the left ear: I observed that there were spirits who were attempting +to force their way there, but I could not ascertain of what character +they were. When they had forced their way, however, they spoke with +me, saying that they were logicians and metaphysicians, and that they +had immersed their thoughts in such [sciences] without any other +end than that of acquiring a reputation for learning, and thus of +attaining to honours and wealth: they lamented that they now led a +miserable life, because they had studied these sciences for no other +end, and thus had not cultivated their Rational by means of them. +Their speech was slow and muffled. In the meantime there were two +conversing above my head, and when I asked who they were, I was told +that one of them was of the highest distinction in the learned world, +and it was given me to believe that he was Aristotle. Who the other +was, was not stated. He was then let into the state in which he had +been when he lived in the world, for every one can easily be let into +the state of life which he had had in the world, since every state +of his life remains with him. I was surprised to find that he applied +himself to the right ear, and he spoke there, hoarsely, indeed, but +still sensibly. From the purport of what he said I apperceived that he +was of quite a different genius from those Schoolmen who first arose, +namely, that he hatched what he wrote from his own thought, and from +the same source produced his philosophical system, so that the terms +which he invented, and applied to subjects of thought, were forms of +expression by which he described interior things; also that he was +excited to such pursuits by a delight of the affection, and by a +desire of knowing the things that belonged to the thought and the +understanding; and that he followed obediently whatever his spirit +had dictated. This was the reason he applied himself to the right ear, +differently from his followers, who are called Schoolmen, and who do +not proceed from thought to terms, but from terms to thoughts, thus by +a contrary way; and many of them do not even proceed to thoughts, but +stick fast entirely in terms, their application of which, when they +make any, being to confirm whatever they want to, and to invest +falsities with an appearance of truth, according to their eagerness +to persuade. Consequently for them philosophy is rather a means of +becoming foolish than a means of becoming wise; and therefore they +have darkness instead of light. Afterwards, I conversed with him +on analytical science, saying that a little child, in half an hour, +speaks more philosophically, analytically, and logically, than he +could describe in a volume, because all things of human thought and +consequently of human speech are analytical, and the laws thereof are +from the spiritual world; and that he who wants to think artificially +from terms is not unlike a dancer who wants to learn to dance from +a knowledge of the motory fibres and muscles; if he were to keep +his mind (_animus_) fixed on that knowledge whilst dancing, he would +hardly be able to move a foot, and yet, without that knowledge, he +sets in action all the motory fibres that are scattered throughout the +whole of his body, and, in due measure, the lungs, diaphragm, sides, +arms, neck, and all the other parts, to describe all which volumes +would not suffice; and that the case is just like this with those who +want to think from terms. He approved of these observations, and +said, that if one learns to think in that way one proceeds in inverted +order: adding, that if any one wants to be foolish, he has only to +proceed in that way; and that one should constantly think of use, and +from what is interior. He next showed me what idea he had had of the +Supreme Deity. He had represented Him to himself as having a human +face, and encompassed about the head with a radiant circle; but he now +knew that the Lord is Himself that Man, and that the radiant circle is +the Divine [proceeding] from Him, which inflows not only into heaven +but also into the universe, disposing and ruling both. He added, that +He who disposes and rules heaven, disposes and rules the universe +also, because the one cannot be separated from the other. He also +said, that he believed in only one God, whose attributes and qualities +men distinguished by names as numerous as the gods they worshipped. +A woman appeared to me who stretched out her hand, desiring to stroke +his cheek. When I expressed my surprise at this, he said, that while +he was in the world such a woman had often appeared to him, and as it +were stroked his cheek, and that her hand was beautiful. The angelic +spirits said that such women sometimes appeared to the ancients, and +that they called them Pallases; and that the one who appeared to him +was from spirits who, when they lived as men in the ancient times, +were delighted with ideas and indulged in thoughts, but without +philosophy; and as such spirits were with him, and were delighted with +him because he thought from what is interior, they representatively +exhibited such a woman to his view. Lastly, he told me what idea he +had had concerning the soul or spirit of man, which he called Pneuma, +namely, that it was an invisible vital [principle], like something +of the ether. He said that he knew his spirit would live after death, +since it was his interior essence, which cannot die, because it can +think; and moreover that he could not think clearly concerning it, +but only obscurely, because he had not possessed any knowledge on the +subject except from himself, with a little also from the Ancients. +Aristotle, it may be remarked, is among sane spirits in the other +life, but many of his followers are among the foolish. + +39. I once saw that some spirits of our Earth were with some spirits +of Mercury, and I heard them conversing with one another; and on this +occasion the spirits of our Earth asked them, among other things, in +whom they believed. They replied that they believed in God. But when +they inquired further concerning the God in whom they believed, they +would not say, since it is their custom not to give direct answers +to questions. Then the spirits from the earth Mercury, in their turn, +asked the spirits from our Earth in whom they believed. They said that +they believed in the Lord God. The spirits of Mercury then said they +perceived that they believed in no God, and that they had contracted +a habit of professing belief with the mouth when yet they do not +believe. (The spirits of Mercury have an exquisite perception, in +consequence of their continually exploring, by means of perception, +what others know.) The spirits of our Earth were of the number of +those who in the world had made profession of faith according to the +doctrine of the church, but still had not lived the life of faith; +and those who do not live the life of faith, in the other life have +no faith, because it is not in the man[r]. On hearing this they were +silent, because, by an apperception then given them, they acknowledged +that the case was so. + +[Footnote r: They who make profession of faith from doctrine, and +do not live the life of faith, have no faith, nos. 3865, 7766, 7778, +7790, 7950, 8094. And their interiors are contrary to the truths of +faith, although in the world they do not know this, nos. 7790, 7950.] + +40. Certain spirits knew from heaven that a promise had once been made +to the spirits of the earth Mercury, that they should see the Lord; +they were, therefore, asked by the spirits about me whether they +recollected that promise. They said that they did recollect it; but +that they did not know whether the promise had been made in such a +manner as to preclude all doubt respecting it. While they were thus +talking together, the Sun of heaven appeared to them. (The Sun of +heaven, which is the Lord, is seen only by those who are in the inmost +or third heaven; others see the light which proceeds from it.) On +seeing the Sun, they said that this was not the Lord God, because they +saw no face. Meanwhile the spirits were conversing with each other, +but I did not hear what they said. Suddenly, however, the Sun again +appeared, and in the midst of it the Lord, encompassed with a solar +circle: at this sight the spirits of Mercury humbled themselves +profoundly, and bowed down. At that time also, the Lord appeared out +of that Sun to certain spirits of our Earth, who, when they were men, +had seen Him in the world; and they, one after another, and thus many +in succession, confessed that it was the Lord Himself; and they made +this confession before the whole assembly. At the same time also the +Lord appeared out of the Sun to the spirits of the planet Jupiter, who +declared with a clear voice, that it was He Himself whom they had seen +on their earth when the God of the universe appeared to them[s]. + +[Footnote s: The Lord is the Sun of heaven, from which proceeds all +the light there, nos. 1053, 3636, 4060. And the Lord thus appears to +those who are in His celestial kingdom, where love to Him reigns, nos. +1521, 1529-1531, 1837, 4696. He appears at a middle height above the +plane of the right eye, nos. 4321, 7078. Therefore in the Word the sun +signifies the Lord as to the Divine Love, nos. 2495, 4060, 7083. The +sun of the world does not appear to spirits and angels, but in its +place as it were a dark something behind, opposite to the Sun of +heaven or to the Lord, no. 9755.] + +41. After the Lord had appeared, some were led towards the front parts +to the right, and as they advanced, they said that they saw a light +much clearer and purer than they had ever seen before, and that a +greater light could not possibly be seen: and it was then the time of +evening here. Those who said this were many[t]. + +[Footnote t: In the heavens there is great light, which exceeds, by +many degrees, the noon-day light on earth, nos. 1117, 1521, 1533, +1619-1632, 4527, 5400, 8644. All light in the heavens is from the Lord +as the Sun there, nos. 1053, 1521, 3195, 3341, 3636, 3643, 4415, 9548, +9684, 10809. The Divine Truth proceeding from the Divine Good of the +Lord's Divine Love appears in the heavens as light and constitutes all +the light there, nos. 3195, 3222, 5400, 8644, 9399, 9548, 9684. The +light of heaven illuminates both the sight and the understanding of +the angels, nos. 2776, 3138. Heaven being said to be in light and +heat, signifies in wisdom and in love, nos. 3643, 9399, 9401.] + +42. It should be known that the sun of the world does not appear at +all to any spirit, nor does anything of the light from it. The light +of this sun is, to spirits and angels, like thick darkness. This sun +remains in the perception with spirits only from their having seen it +when they were in the world, and it is exhibited to them in idea as +an exceedingly dark something, and situated behind at a considerable +distance, at a little height above the plane of the head. The planets +which are within the system of this sun appear according to a fixed +situation in respect to the sun: Mercury appears behind, a little +towards the right; the planet Venus to the left, a little backwards; +the planet Mars to the left in front; the planet Jupiter likewise +to the left in front, but at a greater distance; the planet Saturn +directly in front, at a considerable distance; the Moon to the +left, at a moderate height: the satellites also appear to the left +relatively to their own planets. Such is the situation of these +planets in the ideas of spirits and angels. Spirits also appear near +their own planet, but apart from it. With regard to the spirits of +Mercury in particular, they do not appear in any particular quarter, +or at any particular distance, but they appear sometimes in front, +sometimes to the left, sometimes a little to the back; the reason is, +that they are allowed to wander through the universe for the purpose +of procuring knowledges. + +43. Some spirits of Mercury once appeared to the left in a globe, and +afterwards in a compact body (_volumen_) extending itself lengthwise. +I wondered whither they were bent, whether to this or to some other +earth, and I soon observed that they turned towards the right, and, +rolling along, approached the earth or planet Venus towards the +quarter in front. But when they reached it, they said that they would +not remain there, because the inhabitants were evil; wherefore they +turned round to the back part of that earth, and then said they would +remain there, because the inhabitants of that part were good. While +this was taking place I was sensible of a remarkable change in the +brain, and of a powerful operation from it. From this it was given me +to conclude that the spirits of Venus who are from that part of the +planet, were in concord with the spirits of Mercury, and that they had +relation to the memory of material things which is in concord with +the memory of immaterial things, to which the spirits of Mercury have +relation; hence a more powerful operation was felt from them when they +were there. + +44. I was desirous of knowing what kind of face and body the men +(_homines_) on the earth Mercury have, and whether they are like the +men (_homines_) on our Earth. There was then exhibited before my eyes +a woman exactly resembling those who are on that earth. Her face was +beautiful, but smaller than that of the women of our Earth; she was +also more slender in body, but of equal height: her head was covered +with some linen stuff, arranged without art but still in a becoming +manner. A man (_vir_) also was exhibited. He, too, was more slender in +body than the men (_viri_) of our Earth; he was clothed in a +garment of dark blue fitting closely to his body, without folds or +protuberances anywhere. Such, I was told, were the personal form and +clothing of the men (_homines_) of that earth. Afterwards there were +exhibited some kinds of their oxen and cows, which did not, indeed, +differ much from those on our Earth, except that they were smaller, +and approximated in some measure to the stag and hind species. + +45. They were also questioned about the sun of the system, how it +appears from their earth. They said that it appeared large, and larger +there than from other earths; they said that they knew this from the +ideas of other spirits respecting the sun. They said further that they +enjoyed a middle temperature, neither too hot nor too cold. It was +then given me to tell them, that it has been so provided for them by +the Lord, in order that they might not be exposed to excessive heat +from the circumstance of their earth being in greater proximity to the +sun than the other earths, since heat does not arise from nearness to +the sun, but from the height and density of the aerial atmosphere, as +is evident from the cold on high mountains even in hot climates; also, +that heat is varied according to the direct or oblique incidence of +the sun's rays, as is evident from the seasons of winter and summer in +every region. These are the particulars which it has been given me to +know respecting the spirits and inhabitants of the earth Mercury. + + + + +THE EARTH OR PLANET JUPITER, AND ITS SPIRITS AND INHABITANTS. + + +46. It has been given me to have longer intercourse with the spirits +and angels of the planet Jupiter than with the spirits and angels +from the other planets; and I can therefore relate more particulars +respecting their state of life and respecting that of the inhabitants +of that planet. That those spirits were from that planet, was evident +from many circumstances, and was also declared from heaven. + +47. The earth or planet Jupiter itself does not indeed appear to +spirits and angels: for in the spiritual world no earth is ever +visible to any one, but only the spirits and angels who are from it. +Those who are from the planet Jupiter appear in front to the left, at +some little distance, and this constantly (see above, no. 42): there +also the planet is. The spirits of every earth are near their own +earth, because they are from its inhabitants (for every man after +death becomes a spirit), and because they are thus of a similar +genius, and can be with the inhabitants and be of service to them. + +48. They related that in the region of their earth where they had +lived when in the world, the multitude of human beings was as great +as the earth could support; that it was fertile, and abounded in all +things; that the inhabitants desired no more than sufficed for the +necessities of life, and that what was not necessary they did not +regard as useful; and that therefore the multitude of human beings +was so great. They said that their principal care was the education of +their children, and that they loved them most tenderly. + +49. They further related that on their earth they are distinguished +into clans, families, and households, and that all live together with +their own, separate from the others, and that therefore their habitual +intercourse is confined to their kindred: also that no one ever +desires another's goods; nor does it ever enter the mind (_animus_) of +any one to covet any of the goods of another, much less to obtain them +by any artifice, and still less to attack and plunder them; this they +consider a crime contrary to human nature, and horrible. When I wanted +to tell them that on this Earth there were wars, depredations, and +murders, they turned away, and refused to hear. It has been told me by +the angels that the Most Ancient inhabitants of our Earth dwelt in the +same manner, that is to say, distinguished into clans, families, and +households, and that all in those times were content with their own +goods; and that it was an entirely unknown thing for one to enrich +himself with the goods of others, or to assume dominion from the love +of self; and that on this account the Ancient, and especially the Most +Ancient times, were more acceptable to the Lord than those which have +succeeded them; and that, as their state was such, innocence then +reigned, and, together with innocence, wisdom; that every one then did +what was good for the sake of good, and what was just for the sake of +justice; that they did not know what it was to do what was good and +just with a view to their own honour, or for the sake of gain; and +that in those times they spoke nothing but what was true, and this not +so much from truth as from good, that is, not from the Intellectual +separate [from the Voluntary], but from the Voluntary conjoined with +the Intellectual. Such were the Ancient times. Angels then could +therefore have habitual intercourse with men, and carry their minds, +almost separated from corporeal things, into heaven, and could even +lead them about there, and show them the magnificent and goodly +things there, and also communicate to them their own happinesses and +delights. These times were also known to ancient writers, who called +them the Golden, and likewise the Saturnian times. The reason why +these times were such was, as has been stated, that men then lived +distinguished into clans, clans into families, and families into +households, and every household dwelt by itself; and that it then +never entered into any one's mind (_mens_) to seize upon another's +inheritance, and thus acquire for himself opulence and dominion: the +love of self and the love of the world were then far away; every one +rejoiced in his own, and not less in another's good. But in the course +of time this scene was changed and totally reversed, when the lust +of exercising dominion and of possessing many things invaded the +mind (_animus_). Then the human race, for the sake of self-defence, +gathered themselves into kingdoms and empires; and because the laws +of charity and conscience, which had been inscribed upon the heart, +ceased to operate, it became necessary, in order to restrain deeds of +violence, to enact [external] laws, of which the rewards were honours +and gain, and the punishments were the deprivation thereof. When the +state was thus changed, heaven itself became removed from man, and +this more and more even to the present ages, when the very existence +of heaven and hell is unknown, yea, is even denied by some. These +statements have been made in order to show clearly by the parallel, +what is the state of those who are on the earth Jupiter, and whence +they have their goodness of disposition and also their wisdom, of +which more will be said in the following pages. + +50. By long-continued intercourse with the spirits of the earth +Jupiter, it became manifest to me that they were better disposed than +the spirits of many other earths. Their approach when they came to me, +their stay with me, and their influx at the time, were so gentle and +sweet as to be inexpressible. In the other life the quality of every +spirit manifests itself by an influx, which is the communication of +his affection. Goodness of disposition manifests itself by gentleness +and sweetness; by gentleness, because it is afraid to hurt, and by +sweetness, because it loves to do good. I could distinguish very +clearly between the gentleness and sweetness of the influx proceeding +from the good spirits of our Earth, and the gentleness and sweetness +of the influx from the spirits of Jupiter. They said that when any +slight disagreement arises among them, there appears as it were a thin +dazzling white ray of light, like that of ordinary lightning or like +the little swath which encompasses glittering and wandering stars; but +the disagreement among them is soon adjusted. Glittering stars, which +are at the same time wandering signify what is false; but glittering +and fixed stars signify what is true; thus the former signify +disagreement.[u] + +[Footnote u: Stars in the Word signify the knowledges of good and +truth, consequently truths, nos. 2495, 2849, 4697. And in the other +life truths are represented by fixed stars, but falsities by wandering +stars, no. 1128.] + +51. I could distinguish the presence of the spirits of Jupiter, not +only by the gentleness and sweetness of their approach and influx, +but also by this circumstance, that their influx was for the most +part into the face, which they rendered cheerful and smiling, and this +continually as long as they were present. They said that they in the +same way dispose the faces of the inhabitants of their earth, +when they come to them, being desirous thus to inspire them with +tranquillity and delightsomeness of heart. The tranquillity and +delightsomeness with which they inspired me, sensibly filled my breast +and heart: at the same time the longings and anxieties about the +future, which cause disquiet and wretchedness, and agitate the mind +with various passions, were removed. From this it could be made +apparent to me what was the character of the life of the inhabitants +of the earth Jupiter; for the inborn disposition of the inhabitants is +known from the spirits, since every one carries his own life with him +from the world, and lives it when he becomes a spirit. It was observed +that they had a state of still more interior blessedness or happiness. +This was observed by its being perceived that their interiors were not +closed, but open to heaven; for the more open to heaven the interiors +are, the more capable are they of receiving Divine good, and with it +blessedness and interior happiness. It is quite otherwise with those +who do not live in the order of heaven; with them the interiors are +closed, and the exteriors are open to the world. + +52. It was also shown me what kind of faces the inhabitants of the +earth Jupiter have; not that I saw the inhabitants themselves but +spirits with faces similar to those they had when they dwelt on their +earth. But before this was shown me, one of their angels appeared +behind a bright white cloud, and gave permission. Two faces were then +shown. They were like the faces of the men of our Earth, fair and +beautiful; sincerity and modesty shone forth from them. When the +spirits of Jupiter were with me, the faces of the men of our Earth +appeared smaller than usual: this was owing to the circumstance that +there inflowed from those spirits the idea they had that their own +faces were larger. For when they live as men on their earth they +believe that after their decease their faces will be larger, and round +in form; and this idea, being impressed upon them, remains; and when +they become spirits, they appear to themselves to have larger faces. +The reason why they believe that their faces will be larger is that +they say the face is not the body, because they see, hear, speak, +and manifest their thoughts by means of it, and because the mind thus +shines through it; hence they have an idea of the face as the mind in +form. And as they know that they will become wiser after their life in +the world, they believe that the form of the mind, that is, the face, +will become larger. They also believe that after their decease they +shall perceive a fire which will communicate warmth to their faces. +This belief arises from a knowledge possessed by the wiser amongst +them that fire, in the spiritual sense, signifies love, that love is +the fire of life, and that from that fire the angels have life[x]. +Such of them as have lived in heavenly love also have their wish +gratified, and feel their face grow warm, and then the interiors of +their minds are kindled with love. For this reason the inhabitants of +that earth frequently wash and clean their face, and also carefully +protect it from the sun's heat. They have a covering made of the inner +or outer bark of a tree, which is of a bluish colour, and with this +they encircle the head, and thus protect the face. With respect to the +faces of the men of our Earth, which they saw through my eyes[y], they +said that they were not beautiful, and that such beauty as they had +consisted in the outward skin, but not in the fibres from within. They +were surprised to see that the faces of some were covered with warts +and pustules, or otherwise disfigured, and said that no such faces +are ever to be seen among them. Yet there were some faces that pleased +them, such, namely, as were cheerful and smiling, and such as were +slightly prominent about the lips. + +[Footnote x: Fire in the Word signifies love in both senses, nos. +934, 4906, 5215. Sacred and heavenly fire is Divine love and every +affection which is of that love, nos. 934, 6314, 6832. Infernal +fire is the love of self and of the world, and every concupiscence +belonging to those loves, nos. 934, 1861, 5071, 6314, 6832, 7575, +10747. Love is the fire of life, and life itself is actually derived +from that fire, nos. 4906, 5071, 6832.] + +[Footnote y: Spirits and angels do not see the things that are in this +solar world but they saw through my eyes, no. 1881.] + +53. The reason they were pleased with the faces that were prominent +about the lips was, that their speech is effected mostly by means of +the face, especially by the part about the lips, and also because they +never counterfeit, that is, never speak otherwise than they think, so +that they do not constrain their face, but give it free play. It is +otherwise with those who from childhood have learned to counterfeit: +with these the face is, in consequence, constrained from within, lest +anything of the thought should shine forth from it; nor has it free +play from without, but is kept in readiness to relax or constrain +itself, as cunning may dictate. The truth (_veritas_) of this may +appear from an examination of the fibres of the lips and surrounding +parts, for the series of the fibres there are manifold, complicated, +and interwoven, having been created, not only for mastication +and verbal speech, but also for expressing the ideas of the mind +(_animus_). + +54. It was also shown me how the thoughts are expressed by means of +the face. The affections which belong to the love are manifested by +means of the countenance and its changes, and the thoughts therein by +variations as to the forms of the interiors there: it is impossible to +describe them further. The inhabitants of the earth Jupiter have also +verbal speech, but not so loud as with us. The one speech aids the +other, and life is insinuated into the verbal speech by the speech +of the face. I have been informed by the angels that the very first +speech in every earth was speech by the face, and from two origins +there, the lips and the eyes. The reason this kind of speech was the +first is, that the face was formed to effigy forth whatever a man +thinks and wills; in consequence of which the face is also called the +effigy and index of the mind (_animus_). Another reason is, that in +the Most Ancient or primeval times sincerity prevailed, and no one +cherished or wanted to cherish a thought which he was not willing +should shine forth out of his face. In this way, also, the affections +of the mind (_animus_), and the thoughts from them, could be exhibited +to the life and in fulness; thus also they even appeared to the eye +as very many things together in a form. This speech was therefore as +superior to the speech of words as sight is to hearing, that is, as +the sight of a landscape surpasses hearing about it and forming an +idea of it from the verbal description. They added, that such speech +was in agreement with the speech of the angels, with whom men in those +times also had communication; also, that when the face speaks, that +is, the mind through the face, angelic speech is with the man in its +ultimate natural form, which is not the case when the mouth speaks by +words. Every one can also comprehend that verbal speech could not have +been used by the Most Ancient people, since the words of a language +are not imparted immediately, but have to be invented and applied to +objects; which it requires a course of time to effect[z]. So long as +sincerity and rectitude prevailed among men, such speech continued; +but as soon as the mind began to think one thing and speak another, +which was the case when man began to love himself and not the +neighbour, verbal speech began to increase, the face being either +silent or deceitful. Hence the internal form of the face was changed, +became contracted, and hardened, and began to become almost devoid +of life; while the external form, inflamed by the fire of the love of +self, appeared before the eyes of men as if alive; for this absence of +life, which is underneath, does not appear before the eyes of men, +but it appears before the eyes of the angels, since the angels see +interior things. Such are the faces of those who think one thing and +speak another; for simulation, hypocrisy, cunning, and deceit, which +constitute modern prudence, produce such effects. But the case is +different in the other life: there, no one is allowed to speak one way +and think another. There, also, the variance is clearly perceived in +each single expression, and when it is perceived, the spirit in whom +there is such variance is expelled from society, and punished. He is +afterwards by various methods brought to speak as he thinks, and to +think as he wills, until his mind is one, and not divided. If he is +good, he is brought to will good, and to think and speak the truth +from good; and if he is evil, he is brought to will evil, and to think +and speak falsity from evil. Until this is effected, a good spirit is +not raised into heaven, nor an evil one cast into hell: and the object +of this is, that in hell there may be nothing but evil and the falsity +of evil, and in heaven nothing but good and the truth of good. + +[Footnote z: The Most Ancient people on this Earth spoke by the face +and lips by means of internal respiration, nos. 607, 1118, 7361. The +inhabitants of some other earths have a similar speech, nos. 4799, +7359, 8248, 10587. Concerning the perfection and excellence of that +speech, nos. 7360, 10587, 10708.] + +55. The spirits who were from that earth informed me about various +other particulars relating to its inhabitants, as, about their gait, +their food, and their dwellings. With respect to their gait, they do +not walk erect like the inhabitants of this and of many other earths, +nor do they creep like animals, but as they advance they assist +themselves with their hands, and alternately half raise themselves +on their feet, and at every third step they face about sideways and +behind them, and at the same time also bend the body a little, which +is done quickly; for among them it is [considered] unbecoming to be +looked at by others except in the face. While walking in this manner +they always keep the face raised as we do, so that they may look at +the heaven as well as at the earth. They do not hold it down so as to +look at the earth; this they call accursed. The basest among them +do so; but if they do not get accustomed to raise the face, they are +expelled from their society. When, however, they sit, they appear, +like the men of our Earth, erect as to the upper part of the body, but +they sit with the feet crossed. They are extremely cautious, not only +when they walk, but also when they sit, not to be seen behind, but +in the face. They also gladly desire that their face should be seen, +because their mind appears from it, for they never show a face at +variance with the mind, nor have they the power to do so. Those who +are present, therefore, see clearly what is their disposition towards +them--which indeed they do not conceal--especially whether their +apparent friendliness is sincere or forced. These facts were made +known to me by their spirits, and confirmed by their angels. For the +above reason also, their spirits are seen, not like others, to walk +erect; but almost like swimmers, to assist their progress with their +hands, and by turns to look around. + +56. Those who live in their hot climates go naked, except for a +covering about the loins; nor are they ashamed of their nakedness for +their minds are chaste, and they love their own consorts only, and +abhor adulteries. They were greatly surprised that the spirits of our +Earth, on hearing of their manner of walking and of their being naked, +should deride and think lasciviously, without in the least attending +to their heavenly life, but only to such details. They said that this +was a sign that they cared more for bodily and earthly things than for +heavenly things, and that indecent thoughts occupied their minds. They +were told that nakedness is no occasion either of shame or scandal to +those who live in chastity, and in a state of innocence, but that it +is to those who live in lasciviousness and immodesty. + +57. When the inhabitants of that earth lie in bed, they turn their +faces forwards or into the chamber, but not backwards or towards the +wall. This was told me by their spirits, who said that the cause was +that they believe that they thus turn their face to the Lord, but that +if they turn it backwards they turn it away from Him. The like has +sometimes happened to myself when in bed, but I had not previously +been aware of its origin. + +58. They take pleasure in prolonging their repasts, not so much from +delight in feeding as from delight in conversing then. When they sit +at table, they do not sit on chairs or benches, nor on raised seats of +turf, nor on the grass, but on the leaves of a particular tree. They +were not willing to say of what tree the leaves were; but when I +guessed at several, they at last assented when I named the fig tree. +They informed me besides, that they do not prepare their food to +please the palate, but chiefly for the sake of use; they added that to +them the food which is wholesome is savoury. A conversation took place +on this subject among the spirits, and it was urged that it would be +well for man to observe this rule, for thus he would ensure having a +sound mind in a sound body. It is otherwise with those with whom the +taste rules: the body hence becomes diseased, at least it becomes +inwardly feeble, consequently so does the mind; for the mind comports +itself according to the interior state of the recipient parts of the +body, as sight and hearing do according to the state of the eye and +ear; hence the folly of placing all the delight of life in luxury +and pleasure; from this too comes dulness in such things as belong to +thought and judgment, and acuteness in such as belong to the body and +the world. By this man acquires the likeness of a brute animal, with +which indeed such persons not inappropriately compare themselves. + +59. Their dwellings were also shown me. They are lowly dwellings +constructed of wood; but within they are lined with bark or cork of a +pale blue colour, and the walls and ceiling are spotted as with stars, +to represent the heaven; for they are fond of picturing the visible +heaven with its constellations in the interiors of their houses, the +reason being that they believe the constellations to be the abodes +of the angels. They have tents also, which are rounded off above +and extended in length, spotted likewise within with stars on a blue +ground. They retire into these in the day-time, to prevent their +faces suffering from the heat of the sun. They bestow much care on +the fashioning of these tents of theirs, and on keeping them clean. In +them they also take their repasts. + +60. The horses of our Earth, when seen by the spirits of Jupiter, +appeared to me smaller than usual, although they were pretty robust +and tall; which appearance arose from the idea those spirits had +concerning the horses on that earth. They informed me that among them +there are also horses like ours, though much larger, but that they +are wild or in the woods, and that when they come in sight they strike +terror into them, although they are quite harmless; they added that +their fear of them is innate or natural. This gave me occasion to +think of the cause of that fear. For in the spiritual sense, a horse +signifies the Intellectual formed from scientifics[aa]; and as they +are afraid of cultivating the Intellectual by worldly sciences, from +this comes an influx of fear. That they do not care for scientifics, +which are of human erudition, will be seen in the following pages. + +[Footnote aa: The horse signifies the Intellectual, nos. 2760-2762, +3217, 5321, 6125, 6400, 6534, 7024, 8146, 8148. And the "White Horse" +in the Apocalypse denotes the understanding of the Word, no. 2760.] + +61. The spirits of that earth are not inclined to associate with the +spirits of our Earth, because they differ in disposition and manners. +They say that the spirits of our Earth are cunning, and are quick +and clever in the contrivance of evils, and that they know and think +little about what is good. Moreover, the spirits of the earth Jupiter +are much wiser than the spirits of our Earth; they also say of ours +that they talk much and think little, and that therefore they cannot +interiorly perceive many things, and that they cannot even perceive +what good is. They conclude from this that the men of our Earth are +external men. It was also once permitted the evil spirits of our Earth +to act by their wicked arts, and to infest the spirits of Jupiter who +were with me. The latter endured them for a very long time, but +at length confessed that they could do so no longer, and that +they believed that there could not be worse spirits, since they so +perverted their imagination, and also their thought, that they seemed +to themselves as it were bound, and incapable of being extricated from +this bondage, and set at liberty, except by Divine aid. While I read +from the Word some passages on the subject of our Saviour's Passion, +some European spirits uttered dreadful scandals, with the intention +of seducing the spirits of Jupiter. Inquiry being made as to who +they were, and what their profession in the world had been, it was +ascertained that some of them had been preachers, and many of them +were of those who call themselves Members of the Society of the Lord, +or Jesuits. I remarked that these, during their life in the world, by +their preachings on the subject of the Lord's Passion, had been able +to move the common people to tears. I also added the cause, that in +the world they had thought one way and spoken another, thus that they +had entertained one sentiment in their hearts and professed another +with their lips; but that now they are not allowed to speak thus +deceitfully, for, on becoming spirits, they are compelled to speak +exactly as they think. The spirits of Jupiter were exceedingly +astonished that there could be such a variance between the interiors +and exteriors belonging to a man, that is to say, that it should be +possible to speak one way and think quite another way, which would +be impossible for them. They were surprised to hear that many who +are from our Earth even become angels, and that they are of quite a +different heart. They had supposed that all on our Earth were like +those [evil ones who were then present], but they were told that many +are not of this character, and that there are also some who think from +good, and not, like these, from evil, and that those who think from +good become angels. In order that they might know that this was the +case, there came from the heaven of angels from our Earth choirs, one +after another, who glorified the Lord together with one voice, and +with harmony[bb]. These choirs affected the spirits of Jupiter +who were with me, with such intense delight, that they seemed to +themselves as it were caught up into heaven. This glorification by the +choirs lasted about one hour. The delights which they experienced from +this were communicated to me, and I was enabled to feel them sensibly. +They said they would relate this occurrence to those of them who were +elsewhere. + +[Footnote bb: It is called a choir when many spirits speak at once +and unanimously, concerning which see nos. 2595, 2596, 3350. In their +speech there is harmony, concerning which see nos. 1648, 1649. By +means of choirs in the other life an inauguration into unanimity is +effected, no. 5182.] + +62. The inhabitants of the earth Jupiter place wisdom in thinking well +and justly on all things that occur in life. This wisdom they imbibe +from their parents from childhood, and it is successively transmitted +to posterity, and goes on increasing from the love they have for it +as existing with their parents. Of the sciences, such as exist on our +Earth, they know nothing whatever, nor have they any desire to know. +They call them shades, and compare them to clouds which come between +[the earth and] the sun. They were led into this idea concerning +the sciences by the conduct of some who had come from our Earth, +who boasted in their presence that they were wise by reason of the +sciences. The spirits from our Earth, who thus boasted, were such as +placed wisdom in such things as are matters of the memory only, as in +languages, especially the Hebrew, Greek, and Latin, in the noteworthy +publications of the learned world, in criticism, in bare experimental +facts, and in terms, especially philosophical ones, and other similar +things, not using them as means for becoming wise, but making wisdom +to consist in those very things. Such persons, in consequence of not +having cultivated their rational faculty by the sciences as means, in +the other life have little perception, for they see only in terms and +from terms, and, for those who see in this way, those things are as +little formless masses, and as clouds before the intellectual sight +(see above, no. 38); and those who have been conceited of their +learning from this source perceive still less. But those who have used +the sciences as means of invalidating and annihilating the things +that belong to the church and to faith, have entirely destroyed their +Intellectual, and see in the dark like owls, seeing falsity for truth +and evil for good. The spirits of Jupiter, from intercourse with such +persons, concluded that the sciences occasion shade and blindness; it +was told them, however, that on this Earth the sciences are means of +opening the intellectual sight, which is in the light of heaven; but +because of the dominion of such things as belong to merely natural +and sensual life, the sciences, to those [who are such], are means of +becoming insane, that is to say, of confirming themselves in favour of +Nature against the Divine, and in favour of the world against heaven. +The sciences, they were further informed, are in themselves spiritual +riches, and those who possess them are like those who possess worldly +riches, which likewise are means of performing uses to oneself, one's +neighbour, and one's country, and are also means of doing evil +to them. They are, moreover, like dress, which serves for use and +adornment and also for gratifying pride, as with those who would +be held in honour for that alone. The spirits of the earth Jupiter +understood this perfectly; but they were surprised that, being men, +they should stand still in the means, and prefer to wisdom itself such +things as only lead to it; and that they did not see, that to immerse +the mind in these, and not raise it above them, is to becloud and +blind it. + +63. A certain spirit ascending from the lower earth came to me, and +said that he had heard the things that I had spoken to the other +spirits, but did not understand anything of what had been said about +spiritual life and its light. Being asked whether he desired to be +instructed on the subject, he answered that he had not come with that +intention, from which I could conclude that such subjects did not come +within his comprehension. He was exceedingly stupid. It was stated by +the angels that, when he lived a man in the world, he had been among +the most celebrated for his learning. He was cold, as was sensibly +felt from his breath; which was a sign that he had no spiritual, but +merely natural light (_lumen_); consequently that by means of the +sciences he had not opened but closed up for himself the way to the +light (_lux_) of heaven. + +64. As the inhabitants of the earth Jupiter acquire intelligence +for themselves by a different way from that followed by those of our +Earth, and as, besides, they are of a different natural disposition +in consequence of their life, they cannot be together long, but either +shun them or remove them. There are spheres, which are to be called +spiritual spheres, which continually emanate, nay, pour forth, from +every spirit; they flow from the activity of the affections and +the consequent thoughts, consequently from the very life[cc]. All +consociations in the other life take place according to the spheres; +things that are in agreement are conjoined according to the agreement, +and things that disagree are removed according to the disagreement. +The spirits and angels who are from the earth Jupiter have relation, +in the Grand Man, to the IMAGINATIVE [PART] OF THOUGHT, and thus to +an active state of the interior parts; while the spirits of our Earth +have relation to the various functions of the exterior parts of +the body, and when these desire to have the dominion, the active or +imaginative [part] of thought from the interior cannot flow in. Hence +the oppositions between the spheres of the life of the two. + +[Footnote cc: A spiritual sphere, which is the sphere of the life, +flows forth and pours forth from every man, spirit, and angel, and +encompasses them about, nos. 4464, 5179, 7454. It flows forth from the +life of their affection and consequent thought, nos. 2489, 4464, 6206. +In the other life consociations are effected according to the spheres, +and so also are dissociations, nos. 6206, 9606, 9607, 10312.] + +65. With respect to their Divine worship, its principal feature is +that they acknowledge our Lord as the Supreme Being who governs +heaven and earth. Him they call the One only Lord; and because they +acknowledge and worship Him during their life in the body, they seek +Him after death, and find Him: He is the same with our Lord. Being +questioned whether they knew that the One only Lord is Man, they +replied that they all know that He is Man, because in their earth He +has been seen by many as a Man; and that He instructs them concerning +the truth (_veritas_), preserves them, and gives eternal life to those +who worship Him from good. They said further, that it is revealed to +them by Him how they ought to live, and how they ought to believe; and +that what is revealed is handed on by the parents to the children, and +thus the doctrine spreads to all the families, and thus to the whole +clan that is descended from one father. They added, that it seems to +them as if they had the doctrine written on their minds; which they +conclude from the circumstance, that they instantly perceive and +acknowledge as of themselves, whether what others say concerning the +life of heaven with man is true or not. They do not know that their +One only Lord was born a man on our Earth; they said that it does not +concern them to know this, but only to know that He is Very Man, and +governs the universe. When I said that on our Earth He is named the +Christ Jesus, and that the Christ signifies the anointed or the king, +and Jesus, the Saviour, they said that they do not worship Him as +a king, because kingship savours of what is worldly, but that they +worship Him as the Saviour. The spirits of our Earth having injected +a doubt whether their One only Lord was the same with our Lord, they +removed it by recollecting that they had seen Him in the sun, and had +acknowledged that it was He Himself whom they had seen on their earth +(see above, no. 40). Once also there inflowed with the spirits of +Jupiter who were with me, a momentary doubt whether their One only +Lord was the same as our Lord; but this doubt, which inflowed in a +moment, was also dispelled in a moment; (it had inflowed from some +spirits from our Earth;) and then, what surprised me, they so blushed +with shame for having doubted on this point, though but for a moment, +that they told me not to make it public, lest on account of it they +should be charged with any incredulity, when yet they now knew it more +than others. These spirits were greatly affected and rejoiced when +they heard it declared that the One only Lord is the only Man, and +that all derive from Him what entitles them to be called men, and, +indeed, that they are only so far men as they are images of Him, that +is, so far as they love Him and the neighbour, consequently so far +as they are in good; for the good of love and of faith is the Lord's +image. + +66. There were some spirits of the earth Jupiter with me while I was +reading the seventeenth chapter of John, relating to the Lord's love +and His glorification. On hearing the things that are written there, +a holy influence filled them, and they acknowledged that all things +therein were Divine. But then some spirits of our Earth, who were +infidels, kept insinuating scandals, saying that the Lord was born an +infant, lived a man, appeared like another man, and was crucified +and other like things: but the spirits of the earth Jupiter paid no +attention to those things. They said that such are their devils, +whom they abhor; adding, that in their minds there abides absolutely +nothing that is heavenly, but only what is earthly, which they called +dross. They said that they had also ascertained this to be the case +from the fact, that when they heard that on that earth they go naked, +obscenity instantly occupied their thoughts, and that they gave no +thought at all to their heavenly life, of which they also heard at the +same time. + +67. In how clear a perception on spiritual subjects the spirits of +Jupiter are, was made evident to me from their representation of how +the Lord converts depraved affections into good ones. They represented +the intellectual mind as a beautiful form, and imparted to it the +activity of a form fit for the life of affection. This they did in a +manner which cannot be described in words, and so skilfully that they +were highly commended by the angels. There were present at the time +some of the learned from our Earth, who had immersed the Intellectual +in terms belonging to scientifics, and had written and thought much +about form, substance, the material and the immaterial, and the like, +without applying them to any use; these could not even comprehend that +representation. + +68. On their earth the greatest care is taken to prevent any one +falling into wrong opinions respecting the One only Lord; and if they +observe that any begin to think wrongly respecting Him, they +first admonish them, then deter them by threats, and at length by +punishments. They said they had observed, that any family, into which +any such thing had crept, is removed from amongst them, not by the +punishment of death inflicted by their fellow-men, but by spirits +depriving them of respiration and consequently of life, after first +threatening them with death. For in that earth spirits speak with the +inhabitants and chastise them if they have done evil, and also if they +have intended to do evil; of which more will be said in subsequent +pages. Therefore, if they think ill concerning the One only Lord, and +do not repent, they are threatened with death. In this way the worship +of the Lord, who to them is the Supreme Divine, is preserved on that +earth. + +69. They stated that they have no holy days, but that every morning at +sunrise, and every evening at sunset, they perform holy worship to the +One only Lord in their tents; and that they also, after their manner, +sing sacred songs. + +70. I was further informed that in that earth there are some who call +themselves Saints, and who, under penalty of punishment in case of +disobedience, command their servants, of whom they have great numbers, +to address them as lords. They also forbid them to adore the Lord of +the universe, saying that they themselves are mediatory lords, and +that they will convey their supplications to the Lord of the universe. +The Lord of the universe, who is our Lord, they do not call the One +only Lord, as all the others do, but the Supreme Lord, for the reason +that they call themselves lords. They call the sun of the world the +face of the Supreme Lord, and believe that He has His abode there; +wherefore they also adore the sun. The other inhabitants hold them +in aversion, and are unwilling to have intercourse with them, both +because they adore the sun, and because they call themselves lords, +and are worshipped by their servants as mediatory gods. Their +head-dress was shown me by spirits: it was a high crowned hat of a +dark colour. In the other life such appear to the left at some height, +where they sit like idols, and at first are worshipped by the servants +who had formerly been with them; but these, too, afterwards hold them +in derision. What surprised me, their faces there shine as from fire: +this arises from their having believed themselves to be saints; yet, +notwithstanding this fiery appearance of their faces, they are cold, +and intensely desire to become warm. From this it is evident that the +fire from which they shine is the fire of the love of self, and an +_ignis fatuus_. In order to acquire warmth they seem to themselves +to cut wood, and while cutting, under the wood appears something of a +man, whom at the same time they try to strike. This arises from their +attributing merit and holiness to themselves: those who do this in +the world, in the other life seem to themselves to cut wood, as was +likewise the case with some from our Earth, who have been spoken of +elsewhere. To illustrate this subject, I may here adduce my experience +concerning these:[A] "In the lower earth, under the soles of the feet, +are also those who have placed merit in good acts and works. Many of +them appear to themselves to cut wood. The place where they are is +very cold, and they seem to themselves to acquire warmth by their +labour. With these also I have spoken, and it was given me to ask them +whether they had any desire to get out of that place: to this they +replied, that they had not as yet merited it by their labour. But when +this state has been accomplished they are taken out from thence. +These [spirits] are natural, because wishing to merit salvation is not +spiritual, for it comes from the proprium and not from the Lord; and +besides, they prefer themselves to others, and some of them despise +others; and if they do not receive more joy than others in the other +life, they are indignant against the Lord; wherefore when they are +cutting wood, it appears as if something of the Lord were under the +wood. This arises from their indignation."[dd] + +[Footnote A: _Arcana_, no. 4943. See also nos. 1110, 8740.--TR.] + +[Footnote dd: Merit and righteousness belong to the Lord alone, nos. +9715, 9975, 9979, 9981, 9982. Those who place merit in works, or want +to merit heaven by the good deeds which they do, in the other life +want to be served, and are never contented, no. 6393. They despise +their neighbour, and are angry with the Lord Himself if they do not +receive reward, no. 9976. What their lot in the other life is, nos. +942, 1774, 1877, 2027. They are of those who in the lower earth appear +to cut wood, nos. 1110, 4943.] + +71. It is common on that earth for spirits to speak with the +inhabitants, and to instruct them, and also to chastise them if they +have done evil. As many particulars on this subject have been related +to me by their angels, I will recount them in their order. The reason +that spirits there speak with men is, that they think much about +heaven and the life after death, and are comparatively little +solicitous about the life of the world; for they know that they shall +live after their decease, and in a happy state according to the state +of their internal man that has been formed in the world. Speaking with +spirits and angels was common on our Earth also in ancient times, and +for the same reason, namely, that they thought [much] of heaven and +little of the world. But in course of time that living communication +with heaven was closed, in proportion as man, from being internal, +became external, or, what is the same, as he began to think much about +the world and little about heaven, and especially when he ceased to +believe in the existence of heaven and hell, or in the existence in +himself of a spirit-man that lives after death. For at this day it +is believed that the body lives from itself and not from its spirit; +wherefore unless man now cherished the belief that he is to rise again +with his body, he would have no belief in the resurrection. + +72. With reference specially to the presence of spirits with the +inhabitants of the earth Jupiter, there are spirits who chastise, +spirits who instruct, and spirits who govern them. The spirits who +chastise apply themselves to the left side, and incline themselves +towards the back; and when there, they draw out of the man's memory +all the things that he has done or thought: this is easy for spirits +to do, for when they come to a man they enter into all his memory[j]. +If they find he has done evil, or has thought evil, they reprove him, +and also chastise him with pain in the joints of his feet or hands, +or with pain about the region of the belly; this, too, spirits can do +skilfully when it is permitted. When such spirits come to a man, they +inspire him with a horror accompanied by fear, by which the man is +made aware of their coming. Fear may be excited in any person by evil +spirits on their approach, especially by those who, during their life +in the world, had been robbers. In order that I might know how +these spirits act when they come to a man of their own earth, it was +permitted that such a spirit should approach me. When he was near, +horror accompanied by fear manifestly seized hold of me; yet it was +not inwardly that I shuddered, but outwardly, because I knew it was a +spirit of such a character. He also came in sight, and he appeared as +a dark cloud, in which were wandering stars; wandering stars signify +falsities, but fixed stars signify truths. He applied himself to my +left side towards the back; and he also began to reprove me for deeds +and thoughts which he drew out of my memory, and on which he put +a wrong construction; but he was checked by the angels. When he +apperceived that he was with one who was not a man of his own earth, +he began to speak to me, saying, that when he comes to a man, he +knows all things in general and particular that the man has done and +thought, and that he severely reproves him, and also chastises him +with various pains. At yet another time such a chastising spirit came +to me, and applied himself to my left side below the middle of the +body, as the former spirit had done; he also wanted to punish me; +but he, too, was restrained by the angels. He showed me, however, the +kinds of punishments which they are permitted to inflict on the men +of their earth, if they do evil, or harbour the intention of doing +it. These were, besides the pain of the joints, a painful contraction +about the middle of the belly, which is felt like compression by a +tight belt; a deprivation of respiration at times even to suffocation; +also a prohibition to eat anything but bread for a time; and, lastly, +the threat of death, if they do not discontinue doing such things, +with the deprivation, at the same time, of conjugial, parental, and +social joy; grief on this account is then also insinuated. + +73. The spirits who instruct also apply themselves to their left side, +but more in front. They, too, reprove, but mildly, and then teach +them how they ought to live. They also appear dark, yet not, like the +former, as clouds, but as if clothed with sackcloth. These are +called Instructors, but the former, Chastisers When these spirits are +present, angelic spirits are also present, sitting at the head, which +they fill in a peculiar manner: their presence there is also perceived +as a gentle breathing, for they fear lest their approach and influx +should cause man to perceive the least pain or anxiety. They govern +both the chastising and the instructing spirits; the chastisers, lest +they treat the man more hardly than is permitted by the Lord, and +the instructors, that they may teach the truth. While the chastising +spirit was with me, angelic spirits were also present, and kept my +face continually cheerful and smiling, the region about the lips +prominent, and my mouth slightly open. This the angels easily effect +by means of influx, when the Lord permits. They said that they induce +such a countenance on the inhabitants of their earth, when they are +present with them. + +74. If a man, after chastisement and instruction, again does evil, or +thinks to do evil, and does not restrain himself in accordance +with the precepts of truth, he is more severely punished when the +chastising spirit returns; but the angelic spirits moderate the +punishment according to the intention in the deeds, and the will in +the thoughts. From these facts it may appear, that their angels who +sit at the head have a kind of judicial power over man, since they +permit, moderate, restrain, and influence. It was said, however, that +it is not they who judge, but that the Lord alone is Judge, and that +all things which they enjoin on the chastising and instructing spirits +inflow into them from Him, and that it appears as if it were from +them. + +75. Spirits there speak with man, but man in his turn does not speak +with the spirits, except the words, when instructed, _that he will +do so no more_. Nor is he allowed to tell any one that a spirit has +spoken to him; if he does so, he is punished afterwards. Those spirits +of Jupiter, when they were with me, at first supposed that they were +with a man of their own earth; but when I in my turn spoke with them, +and also when I thought of publishing what passed between us, and so +relating it to others, then, because they were not allowed to chastise +or instruct me, they discovered that they were with a stranger. + +76. There are two signs which appear to those spirits when they are +with man (_homo_). They see an old man (_vir_) with a white face; this +is a sign to speak only what is true, and to do only what is just. +They also see a face in a window; this is a sign to them to depart. +This old man has also appeared to me; and a face has also appeared in +a window, on seeing which those spirits immediately departed from me. + +77. Besides the spirits who have already been mentioned, there are +spirits who urge contrary things. They consist of those who, during +their life in the world, had been banished from the society of others +because they were evil. When they approach there appears as it were +a flying fire, which descends near the face. They place themselves +beneath at the posterior parts of the man, and from thence they speak +towards the higher parts. They say things that are contrary to what +the instructor-spirit teaches from the angels, namely, that men +should not live according to instruction, but according to their own +inclination, and in licentiousness, with other similar things. They +generally come after the other spirits have departed; but the people +there know who and what those spirits are, and therefore pay no +attention to them. Still, they learn in this way what evil is, and +thereby what good is; for by means of evil one learns what good is, +inasmuch as the quality of good is known from its opposite. Every +perception of a thing is according to reflection relative to its +differences from things that are contrary in various ways and degrees. + +78. The chastising and instructing spirits do not come to those who +call themselves saints and mediatory lords, and who have been treated +of above (at no. 70), as they do to others on that earth, because +they do not suffer themselves to be instructed and are not amended +by discipline; they are inflexible, because they act from the love of +self. Spirits say they know such by their coldness, and that when they +apperceive the cold they depart from them. + +79. Among the spirits of Jupiter there are also some whom they call +chimney-sweepers, because they appear in garments like those of +chimney-sweepers, and with the face smeared with soot; who and of what +character they are I am also permitted to describe. One such spirit +came to me, and anxiously entreated me to intercede for him, that he +might come into heaven. He said he did not know that he had done evil, +only that he had rebuked the inhabitants of the earth: he added that, +after rebuking, he had instructed them. He applied himself to my left +side under the elbow, and spoke as if with a double voice; he could +also excite pity. But I could only say in reply that I could not +render him any assistance, and that this was possible for the Lord +alone; nor could I intercede for him, because I did not know whether +it would be of any use; but that if he were worthy he might have hope. +He was then sent amongst some well-disposed spirits who were from +his own earth; but they said that he could not be in their company, +because he was not of the same character. But as he still importuned +with intense desire to be let into heaven, he was sent into a society +of well-disposed spirits of this Earth; but they, too, said that he +could not be with them. In the light of heaven he was also of a black +colour, but he said that he was not of a black, but of a murrhine +colour. I was told that of such a character at first are the spirits +who afterwards are received amongst those who constitute the province +of the SEMINAL VESICLES in the Grand Man or Heaven; for in those +vesicles the semen is collected, and is enclosed in a covering of +suitable matter fit to preserve the prolific quality of the seed from +being dissipated but which may be put off in the neck of the uterus, +so that what is reserved within may be serviceable for conception, or +the impregnation of the ovulum. Hence, also, that seminal matter has +an endeavour, and as it were a burning desire, to put itself off, and +leave the semen to perform its use. Something similar to this appeared +with that spirit. He again came to me in mean raiment, and again +said that he had an ardent desire to enter heaven, and that he now +apperceived that he was such that he could go there. It was then given +me to tell him that perhaps this was a sign that he would soon be +received. The angels then told him to cast off his raiment, which, +from the ardency of his desire, he did with a quickness that could +scarcely be surpassed. By this was represented the character of the +desires of those who are in the province to which the seminal vesicles +correspond. It was said that such spirits, when prepared for heaven, +are stripped of their own garments, and clothed with new shining +garments, and become angels. They were likened to caterpillars, which, +having passed through their vile state, are changed into chrysalides +and then into butterflies, when they are given other clothing, and +also wings of a blue or yellow, a silver or golden colour. Then, too, +they are given the freedom to fly in the open air as in their heaven, +to celebrate their marriages, and lay their eggs, and so provide for +the propagation of their kind; then also there are given to them sweet +and pleasant food which they suck from the juices and odours of the +various flowers. + +80. In what precedes nothing has been said as to the character of the +angels who are from that earth; for those already mentioned (no. +73), who come to the men of their earth, and sit at the head, are not +angels in their interior heaven, but are angelic spirits or angels +in their exterior heaven. And as it has been disclosed to me what the +character of those [interior] angels is, it is permitted me to relate +what it has been given me to know concerning them. A certain one of +those spirits of Jupiter, who inspire fear, approached my left side +beneath the elbow, and spoke to me from thence. His speech was harsh, +and his expressions were not very distinct and separate from each +other, so that I had to consider a long time before I could gather +the sense; and while he was speaking he inspired some degree of fear, +admonishing me in this way to receive the angels well when they came. +But it was given me to reply that this did not depend on me, but that +with me all were received according to what they themselves were. +Soon after this the angels of that earth came, and it was given me to +perceive from their speech with me that they differed entirely from +the angels of our Earth; for their speech was not effected by means +of words, but by means of ideas which diffused themselves through my +interiors from all sides: and for this reason also they had an +influx into the face, so that the face accorded with each particular, +beginning at the lips, and proceeding towards the circumference in +every direction. The ideas, which were in place of verbal expressions +were discrete from each other, but in a very small degree. Afterwards +they spoke with me by means of ideas still less discrete, so that +hardly any interval was perceived: in my perception it was like the +meaning of words with those who attend only to the sense abstractedly +from the expressions. This speech was more intelligible to me than the +former, and it was also fuller. Like the other, it inflowed into the +face, but the influx was more continuous according to the character of +the speech; it did not, however, like the former, begin at the +lips, but at the eyes. Afterwards they spoke in a manner still more +continuous and full; and now the face could not accord by a suitable +motion; but it was felt that the influx was into the brain, and that +this was acted upon in like manner. Lastly, they spoke in such a +manner that the speech fell only into the interior understanding; its +fluency was like that of rarefied air. I was sensible of the influx +itself, but not distinctly of the particulars. These several kinds of +speech were circumstanced like different fluids--the first kind was +like flowing water; the second like water of less density; the third +like the atmosphere respectively; and the fourth like rarefied air. +The spirit already mentioned, who was on the left side, sometimes +interposed, chiefly admonishing me to behave modestly towards his +angels; for there were spirits present from our Earth who suggested +such things as gave displeasure. He said that he did not [at first] +understand what the angels were speaking about, but that he afterwards +did, when he had moved to my left ear. Then also his speech was not +harsh as before, but like that of other spirits. + +81. I afterwards spoke with the angels respecting some of the +remarkable things on our Earth, especially the art of printing, the +Word, and the various doctrinals of the church from the Word; and +I stated that the Word and the doctrinals [of the church] were +published, and were thus learnt. They wondered exceedingly that such +things could be made public by writing and printing. + +82. It was given me to see how the spirits of that earth, after having +been prepared, are taken up into heaven, and become angels. On such +occasions there appear chariots and shining horses as of fire, by +which they are carried away like Elijah. The reason why chariots +and shining horses as of fire appear, is that in this way there is +represented that they are instructed and prepared to enter heaven; for +chariots signify the doctrinals of the church, and shining horses, an +enlightened understanding[ee]. + +[Footnote ee: Chariots signify the doctrinals of the Church, nos. +2760, 5321, 8215. Horses signify the Intellectual, nos. 2760, 2761, +2762, 3217, 5321, 6125, 6400, 6534, 7024, 8146, 8148, 8381. The White +Horse in the Apocalypse signifies the understanding of the Word, no. +2760. By Elijah in the representative sense is meant the Word, +nos. 2762, 5247. And since all the doctrine of the church and the +understanding thereof are from the Word, Elijah is called "the +chariots of Israel and the horsemen thereof," no. 2762. On this +account he was taken up by a chariot of fire, and horses of fire, nos. +2762, 8029.] + +83. The heaven into which they are carried away appears on the right +towards their earth, consequently separated from the heaven of the +angels of our Earth. The angels who are in that heaven appear clothed +in resplendent blue, spotted with little stars of gold, and this +because they were fond of that colour in the world, and also believed +it to be the most heavenly colour, especially because they are in that +variety of good of love to which this colour corresponds[ff]. + +[Footnote ff: Blue originating in red or flame corresponds to the good +of celestial love; and blue originating in white or light (_lucidum_) +corresponds to the good of spiritual love, no. 9868.] + +84. There appeared to me a bald head, but only the topmost part of it, +which was bony. I was told that such a bald head is seen by those who +are to die within a year, and that they then prepare themselves. They +do not fear death there, except on account of leaving their conjugial +consorts, their children, or their parents, for they know that they +shall live after death, and that they do not quit life because they +go to heaven; wherefore, they do not call death dying, but being +heaven-made. Those on that earth who have lived in truly conjugial +love, and have taken such care of their children as becomes parents, +do not die of disease, but tranquilly as in sleep, and so pass from +the world into heaven. The age of man there is generally thirty years, +according to the years of our Earth. It is of the Lord's Providence +that they die within such a short space of time, lest the number of +men should increase beyond what that earth can support. And as, when +they have completed those years, they do not suffer themselves to be +led by spirits and angels, like those who have not yet completed them, +spirits and angels seldom attend those who have passed that age. They +also come to maturity sooner than on our Earth. They also contract +marriages in the first flower of early manhood, and then their +delights consist in loving their conjugial partners and taking care +of their children. Other delights they indeed call delights, but +relatively external ones. + + + + +THE EARTH OR PLANET MARS, AND ITS SPIRITS AND INHABITANTS. + + +85. Of all the spirits who come from the earths of this solar system, +those of Mars are the best, being for the most part celestial men, not +unlike those who were of the Most Ancient Church on this Earth[gg]. +When they are represented as to their quality, they are represented +with the face in heaven and the body in the world of spirits; and +those of them who are angels are represented with the face towards the +Lord and the body in heaven. + +[Footnote gg: The first and Most Ancient Church on this earth was a +celestial church, which was the chief of all, concerning which, see +nos. 607, 895, 920, 1121, 1122, 1123, 1124, 2896, 4493, 8891, 9942, +10545. A church is called celestial wherein love to the Lord is the +principal thing, but spiritual wherein the principal thing is charity +towards the neighbour, and faith, nos. 3691, 6435, 9468, 9680, 9683, +9780.] + +86. In the idea of spirits and angels, the planet Mars, like the +planets elsewhere, appears constantly in its own place, which is to +the left in front, at some distance, in the plane of the breast, and +thus outside of the sphere where the spirits of our Earth are. The +spirits of one earth are separated from those of another, because the +spirits of each earth have relation to some particular province in the +Grand Man[f]; and are, therefore, in other and different states; +and this diversity of state causes them to appear separate from each +other, either to the right or to the left, at a greater or lesser +distance[hh]. + +[Footnote hh: Distances in the other life are real appearances, which +are exhibited to the sight by the Lord, according to the states of the +interiors of angels and spirits, nos. 5604, 9104, 9440, 10146.] + +87. Spirits from thence came to me, and applied themselves to my +left temple, where they breathed their speech upon me, but I did not +understand it. As to its flow it was very soft: I had never before +perceived any softer; it was like a very gentle breeze. It breathed +first upon the left temple, and upon the upper part of the left ear; +the breathing proceeded thence to the left eye, and by degrees to the +right, and flowed down afterwards, especially from the left eye, +to the lips; and when at the lips it entered through the mouth, and +through a way within the mouth, and, indeed, through the Eustachian +tube, into the brain. When the breathing arrived there, I understood +their speech, and was enabled to speak with them. When they spoke with +me, I observed that my lips were moved, and my tongue also slightly, +which was owing to the correspondence of interior with exterior +speech. Exterior speech is that of articulate sound which impinges +upon the external membrane of the ear, and it is conveyed from thence, +by means of the small organs, membranes, and fibres, which are within +the ear, to the brain. From these facts it was given me to know that +the speech of the inhabitants of Mars was different from that of +the inhabitants of our Earth, in that it is not sonorous, but almost +tacit, insinuating itself into the interior hearing and sight by a +shorter way; and that, being such, it was more perfect, and fuller of +the ideas of thought, thus approaching nearer to the speech of spirits +and angels. Among them the very affection of the speech is also +represented in the face, and its thought in the eyes; for with them +thought and speech, and affection and the face, act in unity. They +account it infamous to think one thing and speak another, and to will +one thing and show another in the face. They know not what hypocrisy +is, nor fraudulent simulation and deceit. The same kind of speech +prevailed amongst the Most Ancient inhabitants of our Earth, as it has +been given me to learn by conversation with some of them in the other +life; and to elucidate this subject I may relate what I have heard +respecting it, as follows: "It was shown me by an influx which I +cannot describe, what was the character of the speech which prevailed +amongst those who were of the Most Ancient Church[gg]. It was not +articulate, like the vocal speech of our time, but tacit, being +effected, not by external, but by internal respiration, consequently +it was a cogitative speech. It was given me also to apperceive the +character of their internal respiration. It proceeded from the navel +towards the heart, and so through the lips without sound when they +spoke. It did not enter the ear of another by an external way, and +strike upon what is called the drum of the ear, but by a certain +internal way, and indeed by what at this day is called the Eustachian +tube. It was shown me, that by such speech they could express the +feelings of the mind (_animus_), and the ideas of thought, much +more fully than can possibly be done by articulate sounds or audible +expressions, which speech is likewise directed by respiration, but +external; for there is not a vocal sound, yea, there is nothing in a +vocal sound, which is not directed by applications of the respiration. +But with them this was done much more perfectly, because by the +internal respiration, which, because more interior, is also more +perfect, and more applicable and conformable to the very ideas of +thought; besides, [it is done] also by slight motions of the lips, and +corresponding changes of the face; for, as they were celestial men, +whatever they thought shone forth from their face and eyes, which were +conformably varied, the face as to form according to the life of the +affection, and the eyes as to light. It was quite impossible for +them to present a countenance which was not in agreement with their +thoughts. As their speech was effected by internal respiration, which +is that of the human spirit itself, they could have communion with +angels, and speak with them." The respiration of the spirits of +Mars was also communicated to me[ii], and it was perceived that it +proceeded from the region of the chest towards the navel, and thence +flowed upwards through the breast, with an imperceptible breathing +(_halitus_) towards the mouth. From these facts, and also from other +experiential proofs, it was made evident to me that they were of a +celestial genius, consequently, that they were not unlike those who +belonged to the Most Ancient Church on this earth. + +[Footnote ii: Spirits and angels have respiration, nos. 3884, 3885, +3891, 3893.] + +88. I was informed that the spirits of Mars in the Grand Man have +relation to the medium between the Intellectual and the Voluntary, +consequently to THOUGHT FROM AFFECTION, and the best of them to THE +AFFECTION OF THOUGHT; hence it is that their face acts in unity +with their thought, and that they cannot simulate in the presence of +anyone. And as this is their relation in the Grand Man, the +middle province, which is between the cerebrum and the cerebellum, +corresponds to them; for with those in whom the cerebrum and the +cerebellum are conjoined as to spiritual operations, the face acts +in unity with the thought, so that the very affection of the thought +shines forth from the face, and the general [character] of the thought +from the affection, and also from certain signs that show themselves +in the eyes. Wherefore, while they were with me, I sensibly +apperceived a drawing back of the anterior part of the head towards +the hinder part, thus of the cerebrum towards the cerebellum[kk]. + +[Footnote kk: Human faces on our Earth in ancient times received +influx from the cerebellum, and then the face acted in unity with the +interior affections of the man; but afterwards they received influx +from the cerebrum when man began to simulate and counterfeit by the +face affections not his own. Concerning the changes thereby occasioned +to the face in course of time, see nos. 4325-4328.] + +89. On one occasion when spirits of Mars were with me, and occupied +the sphere of my mind, spirits from our Earth came and desired to +intrude themselves also into that sphere; but the spirits of our +Earth became as if insane: this was caused by their being quite out of +harmony; for the spirits of our Earth in the Grand Man have relation +to the external sense, and consequently these spirits were in idea +turned towards the world and towards self, while the spirits of Mars +were in idea turned from self to heaven and the neighbour; hence the +contrariety. But some angelic spirits of Mars then approached, and on +their coming the communication was taken away, and so the spirits of +our Earth departed. + +90. The angelic spirits spoke with me concerning the life of the +inhabitants on their earth; [saying] that they are not under forms of +government, but are distinguished into greater and lesser societies, +in which they associate themselves with such as agree in disposition, +which they know at once by the face and speech, and in this they are +seldom mistaken; they are then instantly friends. They also said their +consociations are delightful, and that they converse with each other +on what passes in their societies, and especially in heaven, for many +of them have open communication with the angels of heaven. Those in +their societies who begin to think wrongly, and consequently to +will what is evil, are dissociated and left to themselves alone, +in consequence of which they drag on a most wretched life, out of +society, among rocks or other places, for the rest no longer trouble +about them. Some societies try by various methods to compel such +persons to repent; but when this is to no purpose they dissociate +themselves from them. Thus they take precautions lest the lust of +dominion and the lust of gain should creep in, that is, lest from the +lust of dominion any should subject some society to themselves, and +afterwards many others; and lest from the lust of gain any should +deprive others of their goods. Every one there lives content with his +own goods, and every one with his own honour, that of being reputed +just and a lover of the neighbour. This delightful and tranquil state +of mind (_animus_) would perish, unless those who think and will +evil were cast out, and a prudent but severe check given to the first +beginnings of the love of self and the love of the world. For these +are the loves which first led to the establishment of empires and +kingdoms, within which there are few who do not desire to acquire +dominion, and to possess the goods of others, for there are few who do +what is just and fair from a love of justice and fairness, still less +who do good from charity itself, but most from fear of the law, the +loss of life, of gain, of honour, and of reputation for the sake of +these. + +91. Concerning the Divine worship of those who dwell on that earth, +they said that they acknowledge and adore our Lord, saying that He is +the only God, and that He governs both heaven and the universe; that +all good is from Him, and that He leads them; also that He very often +appears on their earth amongst them. It was then given me to tell them +that on our Earth Christians also know that the Lord governs heaven +and earth, according to His own words in Matthew, "_All power is given +unto Me in heaven and on earth_" (xxviii. 18), but that they do not +believe it as those who belong to the earth Mars do. They said also +that there they believe that with themselves there is nothing but what +is filthy and infernal, and that all good is of the Lord; nay, they +added that of themselves they are devils, and that the Lord draws them +out of hell, and continually withholds them from it. On one occasion, +when the Lord was named, I saw that those spirits humbled themselves +more inwardly and profoundly than can be described: for in their +humiliation there was the thought that of themselves they were in +hell, and that thus they were utterly unworthy to look to the Lord, +who is the Holy itself. So profoundly were they in this thought from +faith, that they were, as it were, outside of themselves, and in that +thought they remained on their knees till the Lord raised them, and +then drew them as it were out of hell. When they thus emerge from +humiliation, they are filled with good and love, and consequently with +joy of heart. When they humble themselves in this manner, they do not +turn their face to the Lord, for this they dare not do then, but avert +it. The spirits who were about me said that never had they seen such +humiliation. + +92. Some spirits who were from that earth were surprised that so many +spirits from hell were about me, and that they also spoke to me; but +it was given me to reply that this was permitted them for the purpose +of enabling me to know their characters, and why they are in hell, and +that this is according to their life. It was also given me to state +that there were several among them whom I had known when they lived in +the world, and that some of them had then occupied stations of great +dignity, and that then they had nothing at heart but the world; but +that no evil spirit, even the most infernal, could possibly do me any +injury, because I was continually protected by the Lord. + +93. An inhabitant of that earth was exhibited before me. He was not +indeed an inhabitant, but was like one. His face resembled the faces +of the inhabitants of our Earth, but the lower part of the face was +black, not owing to a beard, which he had not, but to blackness in its +place. This blackness extended to underneath the ears on both +sides. The upper part of the face was ruddy, like the faces of the +inhabitants of our Earth who are not quite fair. They said further +that on their earth they subsist on the fruits of trees, especially +on a certain kind of round fruit which grows out of their earth; and +likewise on pulse. They are clothed with garments which they make of +the fibres of the inner bark of certain trees, which fibres have such +a consistence that they can be woven, and also cemented together by a +kind of gum they have among them. They related further that they know +how to make fluid fires, from which they have light during evening and +night. + +94. I saw a certain flaming object, exceedingly beautiful; it was of +various colours, crimson, and also a glowing ruby hue, and from the +flame the colours also glowed beautifully. I also saw a hand, to which +this flaming object adhered, at first on the back of it, afterwards +on the palm or hollow, and from thence it played round about the hand. +This continued for some time. Afterwards this hand with the flaming +object was removed to a distance and where it rested there was a +bright light (_lucidum_). In that bright light the hand disappeared; +and the flaming object was then changed into a bird, whose colours +were at first similar to those of the flaming object, and gleamed in +the same manner; but these colours gradually changed, and with them +the vigour of life in the bird. It flew about, at first about my head, +then forwards into a kind of narrow chamber, which appeared like a +sanctuary, and as it flew onwards its life departed, and at length it +became stony; it was then at first of a pearly, afterwards of a dusky +colour; but although without life, it kept on flying. While this bird +was flying about my head, and still in the vigour of life, a spirit +was seen rising up from below, through the region of the loins to that +of the breast, and from there he wished to take that bird; but because +it was so beautiful, the spirits who were about me prevented his doing +so, for the eyes of all were fixed upon it. But this spirit who had +risen up from below used all his power to persuade them that the +Lord was with him, and consequently that he was acting from the Lord. +Although the most of them did not believe this, they nevertheless no +longer hindered him from taking the bird; but as at that moment heaven +inflowed he was unable to retain it, but immediately, opening his +hand, set it free. When this had taken place, the spirits who were +around me, and who had intently watched the bird and its successive +changes, began talking with each other about it, and they continued +talking for a considerable time. They perceived that such a sight +could not but signify something heavenly; they knew that what is +flaming signifies celestial love and its affections; that a hand, to +which the flaming object adhered, signifies life and its power; that +changes of the colours signify the varieties of life as to wisdom +and intelligence; that a bird has the same signification with this +difference, however, that what is flaming signifies celestial love +and the things that belong to celestial love, while a bird signifies +spiritual love and the things that belong to that love; (celestial +love is love to the Lord, and spiritual love is charity towards the +neighbour,[note gg]); and that the changes of the colours and at the +same time of the life in the bird, till it became stony, signify the +successive changes of spiritual life as to intelligence. They also +knew that the spirits who ascend from below, through the region of the +loins to that of the breast, are in a strong persuasion that they +are in the Lord, and consequently believe that whatever they do, even +though it be evil, they do of the Lord's will. But nevertheless this +did not enable them to know who were meant by that sight. At length +they were instructed from heaven, that the inhabitants of Mars were +meant; that their celestial love, in which many of them still are, was +signified by the flaming object that adhered to the hand; and that the +bird in the beginning, while it was in the beauty of its colours and +the vigour of its life, signified their spiritual love: but that the +bird when it had become as it were stony and devoid of life, and at +length of a dusky colour, signified those inhabitants who have removed +themselves from the good of love, and are in evil, and still believe, +nevertheless, that they are in the Lord. The same thing was signified +by the spirit who rose up and wished to take away the bird. + +95. The bird of stone also represented inhabitants of that earth, +who by a strange method transmute the life of their thoughts and +affections into almost no life, on which subject I have learned the +following particulars. There was a certain spirit above my head who +spoke with me, and from the tone of his voice he was apperceived to +be as it were in a state of sleep. In this state he spoke many things, +and with a sagacity (_prudentia_) that he could not have surpassed +when awake. It was given me to perceive that he was a subject through +whom angels spoke, and that in that state he apperceived [their +speech] and produced it[ll]; for he spoke nothing but what was true; +if anything inflowed from any other source, he indeed admitted it, +but did not produce it. I questioned him respecting his state. He +said that to him that state was a peaceful one, and was free from all +solicitude respecting the future; and that at the same time he was +performing uses by which he had communication with heaven. I was +told that such, in the Grand Man, have relation to the _longitudinal +sinus_, which lies in the brain between its two hemispheres, and is +there in a tranquil state, no matter how disturbed the brain may be +on either side. While I was in conversation with this spirit, some +spirits introduced themselves towards the anterior part of the head +where he was, and pressed upon him; wherefore he retired to one side, +and gave place to them. The spirit strangers spoke with each other; +but neither the spirits about me, nor I myself, understood what they +said. I was informed by the angels that they were spirits from the +earth Mars, who have the skill to speak with each other in such a way +that the spirits present could not understand or perceive anything. I +wondered that there could possibly be speech of this kind, since +for all spirits there is one speech, which flows from thought, +and consists of ideas which are heard as vocal expressions in the +spiritual world. I was told that those spirits have a certain method +of forming ideas, expressed by the lips and face, unintelligible to +others, and that they at the same instant skilfully withdraw their +thoughts, guarding particularly lest anything of the affection should +manifest itself, because if anything of the affection were perceived, +the thought would appear, for the thought flows from the affection, +and as it were in it. I was further informed that such speech was +contrived by those inhabitants of Mars,--though not by all,--who make +heavenly life to consist in knowledges alone, and not in the life of +love; and that when they become spirits they retain it. These are they +who were specially signified by the bird of stone; for to produce +a speech by alterations of the face and motions of the lips, with +a removal of the affections and a withdrawal of the thoughts from +others, is to deprive speech of life and make it like an image, and +by degrees to produce the same effect on themselves. But although they +imagine that what they speak among themselves is not understood by +others, angelic spirits nevertheless perceive each and all of the +things they say, the reason being that no thought can be withdrawn +from them. This was also shown them by actual experience. I was +thinking of the fact that the evil spirits of our Earth are not +affected with shame when they infest others. This [thought] inflowed +with me from some angelic spirits who perceived their speech. Those +spirits of Mars then acknowledged that this was the subject they were +speaking of among themselves, and they were astonished. Besides this, +more things, both of their conversation and thought, were disclosed by +an angelic spirit, notwithstanding all their endeavours to hide away +their thoughts from him. Afterwards those spirits inflowed from above +into my face. The influx was felt like fine striated rain, which was +a sign that they were not in the affection of truth and of good, for +this is represented by what is striated. They then spoke plainly with +me, saying, that the inhabitants of their earth speak in the same +way among themselves. They were then told that this is evil, as by +so doing they block up the internals, and recede from them to the +externals, which also they deprive of their life; and especially +because it is not sincere to speak in this manner. For they who +are sincere do not wish to speak or even to think anything but what +others, yea, what all, even the whole heaven, might know. But those +who are unwilling that others should know what they say, pass judgment +on others, and think ill of others and well of themselves, and at +length are led by habit so far as to think and speak ill of the +church, and of heaven, yea, of the Lord Himself. I have been told that +those who love knowledges, and not so much a life according to them, +have relation, in the Grand Man, to the inner membrane of the skull; +but that those who accustom themselves to speak without affection, and +to draw the thought to themselves and withdraw it from others, have +relation to that membrane, when it has become ossified, because, from +having some spiritual life, they come at length to have none. + +[Footnote ll: Communications are effected by means of spirits sent +forth from societies of spirits and angels to other societies, and +these emissary spirits are called Subjects, nos. 4403, 5856, 5983, +5985-5989.] + +96. As the bird of stone represented those also who are in knowledges +alone, and in no life of love, and as these consequently have no +spiritual life, therefore, by way of appendix, I may here show that +those only have spiritual life who are in heavenly love, and thence +in knowledges; and that a love contains in itself all the power of +knowing (_cognitinum_) which belongs to that love. Take for example +the animals of the earth, and also the living creatures of the heaven, +that is, the birds. These have the knowledge (_scientia_) of all +things that belong to their love. Their loves are, to nourish +themselves, to dwell safely, to propagate their kind, to take care +of their young, and, with some, to provide for the winter. They have, +therefore, all the requisite knowledge, for this is inherent in those +loves, and inflows into them as into its own receptacles; and this +knowledge in some animals is such that man cannot but be amazed at it. +Their knowledge is connate and is called instinct; but it belongs to +the natural love in which they are. If man were in his own love, which +is love to God and towards the neighbour, (this love is man's peculiar +love, by which he is distinguished from beasts, and it is heavenly +love,) he would not only be in all requisite knowledge, but likewise +in all intelligence and wisdom; for these [qualities] would inflow +into those loves from heaven, that is, from the Divine through +heaven. As, however, man is not born into those loves, but into their +contraries, that is to say, into the loves of self and of the world, +therefore he cannot but be born in complete ignorance and want +of knowledge But by Divine means he is brought to something of +intelligence and wisdom, yet not actually into any, unless the loves +of self and of the world are removed, and a way is thus opened for +love to God and towards the neighbour. That love to God and love +towards the neighbour have in them all intelligence and wisdom, may +appear from those who have been in those loves in the world. These, +when, after death, they come into heaven, know and are wise in things +of which they previously knew nothing; yea, they there think and +speak, like the rest of the angels, such things as the ear has not +heard, nor the mind known, which are ineffable. The reason is, that +those loves have the faculty of receiving such things into themselves. + + + + +THE EARTH OR PLANET SATURN, AND ITS SPIRITS AND INHABITANTS. + + +97. The spirits from that earth appear in front at a considerable +distance, below, in the plane of the knees, where that earth itself +is; and when the eye is opened thither, a multitude of spirits come +into view, who are all from that earth. They are seen on this side of +that earth, and to the right of it. It has been given me to speak with +them also, and thereby to know of what character they are relatively +to others. They are well-disposed, and they are modest; and as they +esteem themselves little, therefore also in the other life they appear +small. + +98. They are extremely humble in worship, for in worship they esteem +themselves as nothing. They worship our Lord, and acknowledge Him as +the only God. The Lord also appears to them at times under an angelic +form, and thus as a Man, and at such times the Divine shines forth +from His face, and affects the mind (_animus_). The inhabitants also, +when they come of age, speak with spirits, by whom they are instructed +concerning the Lord, and how He ought to be worshipped, and also how +they ought to live. When any desire to lead astray the spirits who are +from that earth, and to draw them away from faith in the Lord, or from +humiliation towards Him, and from uprightness of life, they say they +wish to die. On these occasions there appear in their hands small +knives, with which they seem to desire to strike their breasts. On +being questioned why they do so, they say that they would rather die +than be drawn away from the Lord. The spirits of our Earth sometimes +mock at them on this account, and assail them with reproaches for +acting so; but their reply is, that they are well aware that they do +not kill themselves, but that this is only an appearance flowing forth +from the will of their mind (_animus_) rather to die than be drawn +away from the worship of the Lord. + +99. They said that sometimes spirits from our Earth come to them and +ask them what God they worship, their answer to whom is, that they are +insane, and that there can be no greater insanity than to ask what +God any one worships, when yet there is but one God for all in the +universe; and that still more insane are they in not saying that the +Lord is that One only God, and that He governs the whole heaven, and +consequently the whole world, since He who governs heaven must also +govern the world, because the world is governed by means of heaven. + +100. They said that on their earth there are some who call the +nocturnal light (_lumen_), which is great, the Lord, but that these +are separated from the rest, and are not tolerated by them. That +nocturnal light (_lumen_) comes from the great ring which encircles +that earth at a distance, and from the moons which are called the +satellites of Saturn. + +101. They related that another kind of spirits, who go in troops, +frequently come to them, desiring to learn how things are with them, +and that by various methods they elicit from them whatever they know. +They said of these spirits, that they are not insane, except in this +particular, that they desire to know so much for no other use than +that simply of knowing. They were afterwards instructed that these +spirits are from the planet Mercury, that is, from the earth nearest +the sun, and that they are delighted with knowledges alone, and not so +much with the uses from them. + +102. The inhabitants and spirits of the planet Saturn have relation, +in the Grand Man, to the MIDDLE SENSE BETWEEN THE SPIRITUAL AND THE +NATURAL MAN, but to that which recedes from the natural and accedes +to the spiritual. Hence it is that those spirits appear to be carried +away or caught up into heaven, and soon afterwards let down again; for +whatever belongs to spiritual sense is in heaven, but whatever belongs +to natural sense is beneath heaven. Inasmuch as the spirits of our +Earth, in the Grand Man, have relation to natural and corporeal +sense, it has been given me to know from manifest experience how the +spiritual and the natural man, when the latter is not in faith and +charity, fight and contend with each other. Some spirits of the earth +Saturn came into view from afar, and then a living communication +was opened between them and spirits of our Earth who were of this +character. These latter, on thus perceiving the spirits of Saturn, +became as if insane, and began to infest them, infusing unworthy +ideas concerning faith, and also concerning the Lord. While uttering +invective and abuse, they also cast themselves into the midst of them, +and, from the insanity in which they were, endeavoured to do them +injury. The spirits of Saturn, however, were not at all afraid, +because they were secure and in tranquillity; but those spirits of our +Earth, when in the midst of them, began to be tortured, and to breathe +with difficulty, and so rushed out, one in this direction, another in +that, and disappeared. Those who were present apperceived from this +what is the character of the natural man, separate from the spiritual, +when he comes into a spiritual sphere, namely, that he is insane; +for the natural man separate from the spiritual is wise only from the +world, and not at all from heaven; and he who is wise only from the +world, believes nothing but what the senses apprehend, and what he +believes he believes from the fallacies of the senses, which, unless +they are removed by the influx from the spiritual world, produce +falsities. Hence it is that spiritual things are nothing to him, +insomuch that he can hardly bear to hear the word spiritual mentioned; +wherefore such become insane when they are kept in a spiritual sphere. +It is different while they live in the world; then they either think +naturally about spiritual things, or avert their ears, that is, hear +and do not attend. It was also manifest from this experience, that +the natural man cannot introduce himself into the spiritual, that is, +ascend; but that, when man is in faith, and thus in spiritual life, +the spiritual man inflows into the natural, and thinks therein; for +there is spiritual influx, that is, influx from the spiritual world +into the natural, but not contrariwise[mm]. + +[Footnote mm: There is spiritual influx, and not physical or natural +influx, consequently influx is from the spiritual world into the +natural, and not from the natural into the spiritual, nos. 3219, +5119, 5259, 5427, 5428, 5477, 6322. It appears as if influx were from +externals into man's internals, but this is a fallacy, no. 3721.] + +103. Furthermore, the spirits of that earth gave me information +concerning the inhabitants, the nature of their consociations and +other particulars. They said that they live divided into families, +every family apart from the others; thus, a man (_vir_) and wife +with their children; and that these, when they unite in marriage, +are separated from the house of the parents, and have no further care +about it; wherefore the spirits from that earth appear in pairs. That +they are little solicitous about food and raiment; that they live on +the fruits and pulse which their earth produces; and that they are +lightly clothed, being girt with a coarse skin or coat, which keeps +out the cold. Further, that all on that earth know that they shall +live after death; and that on this account they have no care for their +body, except so far as is necessary for the sake of the life which +they say is to endure and to serve the Lord; that for this reason also +they do not bury the bodies of the dead, but cast them away, and cover +them with branches of trees from the forest. + +104. Being questioned concerning that great belt which appears from +our Earth to rise above the horizon of that planet, and to vary its +positions, they said, that it does not appear to them as a belt, but +only as a snowy something in the sky in various directions. + + + + +THE EARTH OR PLANET VENUS, AND ITS SPIRITS AND INHABITANTS. + + +105. The planet Venus, in the idea of spirits and angels, appears to +the left a little behind, at some distance from our Earth. It is said, +in the idea of spirits, because to no spirit does the sun of this +system, or any planet, appear; but spirits have only an idea that they +exist. In consequence of this bare idea, the sun of this system is +exhibited behind as a very dark something, and the planets not moving +as in the system, but remaining constantly in their places (see above, +no. 42). + +106. In the planet Venus there are two kinds of men, of contrary +dispositions; the first mild and humane, the second savage and almost +brutal. Those who are mild and humane appear on the other side of the +earth, those who are savage and almost brutal appear on the side of +it looking this way. But it should be known that they appear +thus according to the states of their life, for the state of life +determines every appearance of space and of distance there. + +107. Some of those who appear on the other side of the planet, and +who are mild and humane, came to me, and were presented to my sight +overhead, and I spoke with them on various subjects. Amongst other +things, they said that while they were in the world they acknowledged, +and now still more acknowledge, our Lord as their One only God. They +added that on their earth they had seen Him, and they also represented +how they had seen Him. These spirits, in the Grand Man, have relation +to _the memory of material things, agreeing with the memory of +immaterial things_, to which the spirits of Mercury have relation: +wherefore the spirits of Mercury have the fullest agreement with these +spirits of Venus; therefore, when they were together, I was sensible +from their influx of a remarkable change, and a powerful operation in +my brain (see above, no. 43). + +108. I did not, however, speak with those spirits who are on the side +that looks this way, and who are savage and almost brutal; but the +angels informed me of their character, and the origin of their so +brutal nature: it is this; they are greatly delighted with robbery, +and more especially with eating the prey. The delight they have +in thinking about eating the prey was communicated to me, and was +apperceived to be exceedingly great. That there have also been +inhabitants of a like brutal nature, on our Earth, appears from the +histories of various nations; also from the inhabitants of the land of +Canaan (1 Sam. xxx. 16); and likewise from the Jewish and Israelitish +nation even in the time of David, in that they made yearly excursions, +and plundered the nations, and rejoiced in feasting on the booty. I +was informed, further, that the greater part of those inhabitants are +giants, and that the men of our Earth reach only to their navel; also, +that they are stupid, not seeking to know anything about heaven or +eternal life, their only care being about their land and their cattle. + +109. As they are of this character, even when they come into the other +life, they are greatly infested there by evils and falsities. Their +hells appear near the earth, and do not communicate with the hells +of the evil of our Earth, because they are of an entirely different +genius and disposition; hence also their evils and falsities are of an +entirely different kind. + +110. But those of them who are such that they can be saved, are in +places of vastation, and are there reduced to the last degree of +despair; for evils and falsities of this kind cannot otherwise be +subdued and removed. When they are in the state of despair, they cry +out that they are beasts, that they are abominations, that they are +hatreds, and thus that they are damned. Some of them, when in such a +state, even cry out against heaven; but for this they are forgiven, +because it proceeds from despair. The Lord restrains them from +indulging in vituperation beyond fixed limits. When they have passed +through extreme suffering, the corporeal [principles] with them being +then as it were dead, they are finally saved. It was also said of them +that, during their life on their earth, they had believed in a certain +supreme Creator without a Mediator; but when they are saved, they are +also instructed that the Lord is the only God, Saviour, and Mediator. +I have seen some of them, after they had passed through extreme +suffering, taken up into heaven; and when they were received there, I +have apperceived such a tenderness of joy from them as drew tears from +my eyes. + + + + +THE SPIRITS AND INHABITANTS OF THE MOON. + + +111. Some spirits appeared overhead, and voices like thunders were +heard thence; for their voices thundered forth just as thunders do +from the clouds after lightnings. I supposed that there was an immense +multitude of spirits, who had acquired the art of uttering their +voices with such a sound. The more simple spirits who were with me +laughed at them, at which I greatly marvelled. The cause of their +laughter was soon disclosed, and it was, that the spirits who +thundered were not many, but few, and were also small as children, and +that on former occasions they had terrified them by such sounds, and +yet were quite unable to do them the least harm. In order that I might +know their character, some of them let themselves down from on high, +where they were thundering; and, strange to say, one carried another +on his back, and the two thus approached me. Their faces appeared not +unhandsome, but longer than those of other spirits. In stature they +were like boys of seven years old, but of more robust frame; so that +they were dwarfs. I was told by the angels that they were from the +Moon. The one who had been carried by the other came to me, applying +himself to my left side under the elbow, and from thence he spoke, +saying, that when they utter their voice they thunder in this manner; +and that by so doing they strike with terror the spirits who would +do them harm, and put some to flight, so that they go safely wherever +they please. In order that I might know for certain that the sound +they make was of this kind, he retired from me to some others, but not +quite out of sight, and thundered in like manner. They showed to me, +moreover, that their voice, being sent forth from the abdomen after +the manner of an eructation, thus resounded like thunder. It was +perceived that this arose from the circumstance, that the inhabitants +of the Moon do not, like the inhabitants of other earths, speak from +the lungs, but from the abdomen, and thus from some collection of air +therein; the reason of which is, that the Moon is not surrounded with +an atmosphere of the same kind as that of other earths. I was informed +that the spirits of the Moon, in the Grand Man, have relation to the +ensiform or xiphoid cartilage to which the ribs are attached in +front, and from which descends the _linea alba_, which is the point of +attachment of the abdominal muscle. + +112. It is known to spirits and angels, that there are inhabitants +even in the Moon, and likewise in the moons or satellites which are +about the earth Jupiter and the earth Saturn. Even those who have not +seen spirits who are from them, and spoken with them, entertain +no doubt that there are human beings upon them, for they, too, are +earths, and where there is an earth, there is man; for man is the end +for the sake of which an earth exists, and nothing has been made by +the Supreme Creator without an end. It may be evident to anyone who +thinks from reason in any degree enlightened that the end of creation +is the human race, in order that there may exist a heaven from it. + + + + +THE REASONS WHY THE LORD WILLED TO BE BORN ON OUR EARTH, AND NOT ON +ANY OTHER + + +113. There are several reasons, about which I have received +information from heaven, why it pleased the Lord to be born, and to +assume the Human, on our Earth, and not on any other. THE PRINCIPAL +REASON _was for the sake of the Word, that it might be written on our +Earth; and when written might afterwards be published throughout the +whole Earth; and that, once published, it might be preserved for all +posterity; and that thus it might be made manifest, even to all in the +other life, that God did become Man_. + +114. _That the principal reason was for the sake of the Word_, is +because the Word is the Divine Truth itself, which teaches man that +there is a God, that there is a heaven and a hell, that there is a +life after death; and which teaches, besides, how man ought to live +and believe in order that he may come into heaven, and thus may +be happy to eternity. Without revelation, and thus, on this Earth, +without the Word, all these things would have been entirely unknown; +and yet man has been so created, that as to his interiors he cannot +die[nn]. + +[Footnote nn: By natural light (_lumen_) alone, nothing can be known +concerning the Lord, heaven and hell, the life of man after death, +and the Divine truths, by means of which man has spiritual and eternal +life, nos. 8944, 10318-10320. This may appear from the consideration +that many, and amongst them the learned, do not believe these +things, although they are born where the Word is, and where there is +instruction by means of the Word concerning them, no. 10319. Therefore +it was necessary that there should be a revelation from heaven, +because man was born for heaven, no. 1775.] + +115. _That the Word might be written on our Earth_, is because the +art of writing has existed here from the most ancient time, first +on tablets, next on parchment, afterwards on paper, and lastly +publication by printing. This was provided by the Lord for the sake of +the Word. + +116. _That the Word might afterwards be published throughout the +whole of this Earth_, is because here there is an intercourse of all +nations, not only by journeys on land, but also by navigation to all +parts of the entire globe; hence the Word, after it had once been +written, could be conveyed from one nation to another, and be taught +everywhere. + +117. _That the Word, after it had once been written, might be +preserved for all posterity_, consequently for thousands and thousands +of years, and that it has also been so preserved, is known. + +118. _That thus it might he made manifest that God has become man_; +for this is the first and most essential purpose for which the Word +was given; since no one can believe in a God, and love a God, whom he +cannot comprehend under some form; wherefore, they who acknowledge an +invisible and thus incomprehensible [principle], sink in thought into +nature, and consequently believe in no God. Wherefore, it pleased the +Lord to be born on this Earth, and to make this manifest through +the Word, so that it might not only be made known on this globe, but +_might also by this means be made manifest to spirits and angels from +other earths, and likewise to the gentiles from our own[oo]_. + +[Footnote oo: The gentiles in the other life are instructed by angels, +and they who have lived well according to their religionism receive +the truths of faith and acknowledge the Lord, nos. 2049, 2595, 2598, +2600-2603, 2861, 2863, 3263.] + +119. It should be known that the Word on our Earth, which was given +by the Lord through heaven, effects the union of heaven and the world, +for which end there is a correspondence of all things in the letter +of the Word with the Divine things in heaven; and that the Word in +its supreme and inmost sense treats of the Lord, of His kingdom in the +heavens and on earth, and of love and faith from Him and towards Him, +consequently of life from Him and in Him. Such things are exhibited +to the angels in heaven when the Word of our Earth is read and +preached[pp]. + +[Footnote pp: The Word is understood by the angels in the heavens in +a different manner from what it is understood by men on Earth, and +the internal or spiritual sense is for the angels, but the external or +natural sense for men, nos. 1769-1772, 1887, 2143, 2333, 2395, 2540, +2541, 2545, 2551. The Word is what unites heaven and earth, nos. 2310, +2495, 9212, 9216, 9357, 10375. The Word, therefore, was written by +strict correspondences, nos. 1404, 1408, 1409, 1540, 1619, 1659, 1709, +1783, 8615, 10687. In the inmost sense of the Word the Lord alone and +His kingdom are treated of, nos. 1873, 2249, 2523, 7014, 9357.] + +120. In every other earth, Divine Truth is manifested by word of mouth +through spirits and angels, as was stated in the foregoing pages, in +treating of the inhabitants of the earths in this solar system. But +this takes place within families; for in most earths the human race +dwell distinct according to families; wherefore, Divine Truth thus +revealed through spirits and angels is not conveyed far beyond the +families, and unless a new revelation constantly succeeds, it is +either perverted, or perishes. It is otherwise on our Earth, where the +Divine Truth, which is the Word, remains in its integrity for ever. + +121. It should be known that the Lord acknowledges and receives all, +from whatever earth they may be, who acknowledge and worship God under +the Human Form, since God under the Human Form is the Lord: and as +the Lord appears to the inhabitants in the earths in an angelic form, +which is the Human Form, therefore, when the spirits and angels from +these earths hear from the spirits and angels of our Earth that God is +actually Man, they receive that Word, acknowledge it, and rejoice that +it is so. + +122. To the reasons that have been adduced above, may be added, that +the inhabitants and spirits of our Earth, in the Grand Man, have +relation to natural and external sense; and natural and external sense +is the ultimate in which the interiors of life close, and on which +they rest, as on their common [basis]. The case is the same with the +Divine Truth in the letter, which is called the Word, and which for +this reason also was given on this Earth, and not on any other[qq]. +And as the Lord is the Word, and the First and Last of it, therefore, +in order that all things might exist according to order. He also +willed to be born on this Earth, and to become the Word, according to +these words in John, "In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was +with God, and God was the Word. The same was in the beginning with +God. All things were made through It, and without It was not anything +made that was made.... _And the Word was made flesh, and dwelt among +us, and we saw Its glory the glory as of the Only-begotten of the +Father_.... No one hath seen God at any time; the Only-begotten Son, +Who is in the bosom of the Father, Himself hath manifested Him" +(i. 1-3, 14, 18). The Word denotes the Lord as to the Divine Truth, +consequently the Divine Truth from the Lord[rr]. But this is an +arcanum which enters into the understanding of only a few. + +[Footnote qq: The Word in the sense of the letter is natural, no. +8783; by reason that what is natural is the ultimate, in which +spiritual and celestial things close, and on which they subsist as on +their foundation, and that otherwise the internal or spiritual sense +of the Word without an external or natural sense would be as a house +without a foundation, nos. 9430, 9433, 9824, 10044, 10436.] + +[Footnote rr: The Word is the Lord as to the Divine Truth, +consequently the Divine Truth from the Lord, nos. 2859, 4692, 5075, +9987. Through the Divine Truth all things were created and made, nos. +2803, 2894, 5272, 7835.] + + + + +EARTHS IN THE STARRY HEAVEN. + + +123. Those who are in heaven are able to speak and converse not only +with those angels and spirits who are from the earths in our solar +system, but also with those who are from other earths in the universe +beyond this system; and not only with the spirits and angels there, +but also with the inhabitants themselves, only, however, with those +whose interiors have been opened, so that they are able to hear those +who speak from heaven. The same thing is possible for a man to whom +it has been given by the Lord to speak with spirits and angels, during +his life in the world; for a man as to his interiors is a spirit, the +body which he carries about in the world being serviceable to him only +for performing functions in this natural or terrestrial sphere, which +is the ultimate or last sphere. But to no one is it given to speak +as a spirit with angels and spirits, unless he be of such a character +that he can be consociated with angels as to faith and love. Neither +can he be consociated with them, unless his faith and love are +directed to the Lord; for man is conjoined to the Lord by means of +faith in Him and love to Him, that is, by means of truths of doctrine +and goods of life from Him; and when he has been conjoined [with the +Lord], he is secure from the assaults of evil spirits from hell. With +others the interiors cannot be opened to such an extent, since they +are not in the Lord. This is the reason why there are few at this +day to whom it is given to speak and converse with angels; a manifest +proof of which is, that at the present day it is scarcely believed +that spirits and angels exist, and still less that they are present +with every man, and that through them man has connection with heaven, +and, through heaven, with the Lord; and that it is still less believed +that a man, when he dies as to the body, lives a spirit, and in the +human form as before. + +124. Since, with many in the church at the present day, there is no +faith in a life after death, and scarcely any faith concerning +heaven, nor concerning the Lord as being the God of heaven and earth, +therefore the interiors that are of my spirit have been opened by the +Lord, so that, while I am in the body, I might at the same time be +with angels in heaven, and not only speak with them, but see the +stupendous things there, and describe the same, lest possibly it might +hereafter be said, Who has come to us from heaven, and told us of its +existence, and of the things that are there? But I know that those +who hitherto have at heart denied heaven and hell, and the life after +death, will still persist in confirming themselves against them, and +in denying them; for it is easier to make a raven white than to make +those believe who have once at heart rejected faith; the reason is, +that they always think about such matters from a negative, and not +from an affirmative, standpoint. Nevertheless, let those facts that +have already been stated, and that yet remain to be stated, concerning +angels and spirits, be for those few who are in faith. In order that +others also may be led to some degree of acknowledgment, it has been +granted me to relate such things as delight and allure the man who is +desirous of acquiring knowledge: of this character are the things that +shall now be related concerning the earths in the starry heaven. + +125. He who is not acquainted with the arcana of heaven, cannot +believe that a man can see earths that are so far distant, and give +any account of them from sensuous experience. But let him know that +the spaces and distances, and therefore the progressions, which exist +in the natural world, in their origin and first cause are changes +of the state of the interiors, and that with angels and spirits they +appear according to these changes[ss]; and that through changes of +state they may be apparently translated from one place to another, and +from one earth to another, even to earths which are at the end of +the universe: so likewise may man as to his spirit, his body still +remaining in its own place. This has been the case with me, since, by +the Lord's Divine mercy, it has been given to me to speak with spirits +as a spirit, and at the same time with men as a man. That a man, as to +his spirit, can be translated in this manner, is inconceivable to +the sensual man, since he is in space and in time, and measures his +progressions according to them. + +[Footnote ss: Motions, progressions, and changes of place, in the +other life, are changes of the state of the interiors of life, and +nevertheless it really appears to spirits and angels as if they +actually existed, nos. 1273-1277, 1377, 3356, 5606, 10734.] + +126. That there are many systems, may appear to every one from the +fact that so many stars appear in the universe; and it is known in the +learned world that every star is like a sun in its own place, for it +remains fixed as the sun of our Earth does in its place; and that it +is the distance that makes it appear in so small a form as a star; +consequently, that, like the sun of our system, each star has planets +around it, which are earths; and that the reason why these do not +appear before our eyes is on account of their immense distance, and +because only the light from their own star reaches us, which light +cannot be again reflected from the planets so far as to reach us. To +what other purpose could so great a heaven with so many constellations +be intended? For the end of the creation of the universe is man, that +from man there may be an angelic heaven; but what would a human +race, and from it an angelic heaven, from one single earth, be for +an Infinite Creator, for whom a thousand, yea tens of thousands of +earths, would not suffice? It has been calculated that, supposing +there were in the universe a million earths, and on every earth three +hundred million men, and two hundred generations within six thousand +years, and that to every man or spirit there were to be allotted a +space of three cubic ells, the sum of that great number of men or +spirits would not occupy a space equal to a thousandth part of this +Earth, consequently hardly the space occupied by one of the satellites +of the planet Jupiter or Saturn: which would be a space in the +universe so small as to be scarcely discernible; for a satellite [of +Jupiter or Saturn] is scarcely visible to the naked eye. What would +this be for the Creator of the universe, for whom the whole universe, +even if it were completely filled, would not be enough, for He is +Infinite. In conversing with the angels on this subject, they have +told me that they have a similar idea of the fewness of the human race +relatively to the infinity of the Creator; but that, nevertheless, +they do not think from spaces, but from states, and that according +to their idea, earths numbering as many myriads as could ever be +conceived in thought would still be as absolutely nothing to the Lord. +The earths in the starry heaven, however, shall now be treated of in +what follows from real experience; from which it will likewise be made +manifest how the translations to these earths were effected as to my +spirit, whilst my body remained in its own place. + + + + +THE FIRST EARTH IN THE STARRY HEAVEN, AND ITS SPIRITS AND INHABITANTS: +FROM THINGS HEARD AND SEEN. + + +127. I was led by the Lord by means of angels to a certain earth +in the starry heaven, where it was given me to gaze upon the earth +itself, yet not to speak with the inhabitants of it, but with spirits +who had come from it. All the inhabitants or men of every earth, on +the termination of their life in the world, become spirits, and remain +near their own earth. From them, however, information is obtained +concerning their earth and the state of its inhabitants; for men, +when they quit the body, carry with them all their former life and all +their memory[tt]. Being led to earths in the universe does not mean +being led and translated thither as to the body, but as to the spirit; +and the spirit is led through variations of the state of the +inner life, which appear to it as progressions through spaces[ss]. +Approaches, also, are effected according to the agreements or +likenesses of the states of life; for agreement or likeness of life +conjoins, and disagreement and unlikeness disjoin. From this it may +appear how translation as to the spirit is effected, and how it is +made to approach distant regions, while the man, nevertheless, remains +in his own place. But to lead a spirit outside of his own globe +through variations of the state of his interiors, and to cause the +variations to proceed successively until a state is reached which +agrees or coincides with the state of those to whom he is being led, +is in the power of the Lord alone; for there is needed a continual +direction and foresight from first to last, both on the journey +thither, and on the return journey, especially when this is to be +effected with a man who is still as to the body in the world of +nature, and thereby in space. That this has actually been effected, +those who are in corporeal sensual things, and who think from them, +cannot be induced to believe. The reason is that the corporeal sensual +[faculties] cannot conceive of progressions apart from spaces. But, +nevertheless, those who think from the Sensual of their spirit, that +has in some degree been removed or withdrawn from the Sensual of the +body, thus, who think interiorly in themselves, may be induced to +believe and comprehend it, since in the idea of interior thought there +is neither space nor time, but instead of them there are those things +from which spaces and times proceed. Those things, therefore, that +follow, concerning the earths in the starry heaven, are for the use +of the latter, and not for the former, unless they are of such a +character as to suffer themselves to be instructed. + +[Footnote tt: Man after death has with him the memory of all his +concerns in the world, nos. 2476-2486.] + +128. In a state of wakefulness, I was led as to the spirit by the Lord +through angels to a certain earth in the universe, accompanied by some +spirits from this globe. The progression took place towards the right, +and lasted for two hours. Near the boundary of our solar system, there +appeared first a whitish but dense cloud, and after it a fiery smoke +ascending from a great gulf: this was an immense chasm, separating our +solar system on that side from certain systems of the starry heaven. +The fiery smoke appeared over a considerable distance. I was conveyed +across the midst of it, and then there appeared beneath in that gulf +or chasm very many men, who were spirits (for all spirits appear in +the human form, and are actually men). I also heard them talking with +each other; but whence they were, or of what character, it was not +given me to know. One of them, however, told me that they were guards +to prevent spirits passing without permission from this into any other +system in the universe. That this was the case, was also confirmed; +for when some spirits who were in the company, and who had not +received permission to pass, came to that great interstice, they began +to cry out wildly that they were perishing, for they were like persons +struggling in the agony of death; wherefore they stopped on this side +of the chasm, and could not be conveyed any further; for the fiery +smoke which exhaled from the chasm attacked them, and tortured them in +this manner. + +129. After I had been translated across that great chasm, I at length +reached a place where I stopped; and then some spirits appeared to me +above, and it was given me to speak with them. From their speech, and +from their peculiar manner of apperceiving things and explaining +them, I discerned clearly that they were from another earth; for they +differed altogether from the spirits of our solar system. They also +apperceived from my speech that I had come from a great distance. + +130. After we had conversed for awhile on various subjects, I asked +them what God they worshipped. They said they worshipped some angel, +who appears to them as a Divine man, for he is resplendent with light; +and that he instructs them and enables them to apperceive what they +ought to do. They said further that they knew that the Most High God +is in the sun of the angelic heaven, and that He appears to their +angel and not to themselves; and that He is too great for them to dare +to adore Him. The angel whom they worshipped was an angelic society, +to which it has been given by the Lord to preside over them, and to +teach them the way of what is just and right; therefore they have +light from a certain flame, which appears like a little torch, +somewhat fiery and yellow. The reason of this originates in their not +adoring the Lord; therefore they do not receive light from the sun +of the angelic heaven, but from the angelic society; for an angelic +society, when permitted by the Lord, can exhibit such a light to +spirits who are in a lower region. I also saw that angelic society, +which was high above them; and I also saw the flame there whence they +had light. + +131. In other respects they were modest, rather simple, but still +they thought well enough. The quality of their Intellectual could be +inferred from the light which prevailed among them; for the intellect +is according to the reception of the light which is in the heavens; +since it is the Divine Truth proceeding from the Lord as a sun, that +shines there, and enables the angels not only to see but also to +understand[uu]. + +[Footnote uu: There is much light in the heavens, nos. 1117, 1521, +1522, 1533, 1619-1632, 4527, 5400, 8644. All light in the heavens is +from the Lord as the Sun there, nos. 1053, 1521, 3195, 3341, 3636, +4415, 9548, 9684, 10809. The Divine Truth proceeding from the Lord +appears in the heavens as light, nos. 3195, 3222, 5400, 8644, +9399, 9548, 9684. That light illuminates both the sight and the +understanding of angels and spirits, nos. 2776, 3138. The light of +heaven also illuminates the understanding of man, nos. 1524, 3138, +3167, 4408, 6608, 8707, 9128, 9399, 10569.] + +132. I was informed that the inhabitants and spirits of that earth, in +the Grand Man, have relation to something in the SPLEEN: and in this +I was confirmed by an influx into the spleen while they were speaking +with me. + +133. When asked about the sun of their system, which illuminates their +earth, they said that it appeared flaming. When I represented the size +of the sun of our Earth, they said that their sun was smaller; for +before our eyes their sun appears as a star; and I was told by the +angels that it was one of the lesser stars. They also said that the +starry heaven is also seen from their earth; and that a star larger +than the rest appears to them towards the west; it was said from +heaven that this is our sun. + +134. My sight was afterwards opened, so that I could in some measure +gaze upon that earth itself; and there appeared many meadows and +forests with trees covered with leaves; likewise fleecy sheep. +Afterwards I saw some of the inhabitants, who belonged to the lower +class, clothed nearly like the country folk in Europe. I also saw a +man (_vir_) with his wife (_mulier_). She appeared of handsome stature +and of graceful mien; so did the man; but, what surprised me, he +walked about pompously, with as it were a haughty gait, while the +woman's gait, on the contrary, was humble. The angels told me that +such is the custom on that earth, and that notwithstanding this +peculiarity, the men are loved, because they are good. I was further +told that they are not allowed to have more than one wife, because it +is contrary to the laws. The woman I saw had an ample garment before +her breast, behind which she could conceal herself, and which was so +made that she could put her arms in it, and wrap herself in it, and in +this wise go away: the lower portion of it could be gathered up, +and, when gathered up and folded about the body, it looked like +a stomacher, such as is worn by the women of our Earth. The same +garment, however, also served the man for an article of clothing. He +was seen to take it from the woman and throw it over his own back, and +loosening the lower part, which thus flowed down to his feet like a +robe, he walked about clad in this manner. What I saw on that earth +was not seen with the eyes of my body, but with the eyes of my spirit, +and a spirit can see the objects that are on an earth, when it is +permitted by the Lord. + +135. As I know that many will doubt the possibility of a man's being +able, with the eyes of his spirit, to see anything on an earth so +distant, I may state how the matter is. Distances in the other life +are not as distances on the Earth. In the other life distances are +altogether according to the states of the interiors of each one. They +who are in a similar state are together in one society and in one +place. All presence there results from likeness of state, and all +distance results from unlikeness of state. Hence it was that I was +near to that earth when I was brought by the Lord into a state similar +to that of its spirits and inhabitants, and that being then present I +conversed with them. Hence it is evident that earths in the spiritual +world are not distant as in the natural world, but only apparently so +according to the states of life of their inhabitants and spirits. The +state of life is the state of the affections as to love and faith. +In regard to a spirit, or, what is the same, a man as to his spirit, +being able to see the things that are on an earth, I may also explain +how the case therein is. Neither spirits nor angels are able, by their +own sight, to see anything that is in the world; for to them the light +of the world, that is, solar light, is as thick darkness: just as man +by his bodily sight cannot see anything that is in the other life; +for to him the light of heaven is as thick darkness. But nevertheless +spirits and angels, when it pleases the Lord, can see the things in +the natural world through the eyes of a man; but this is not granted +by the Lord with any except those whom He permits to speak with +spirits and angels, and to be together with them. It has been +permitted them to see through my eyes the things in this world, and as +plainly as I myself did; and even to hear men speaking with me. It has +sometimes happened that through me some have seen their friends, +with whom they had been intimate in the life of the body, altogether +present as before, and they have been amazed thereat. Wives also have +seen in this manner their husbands and children, and have wanted me to +tell them that they were present and saw them, and to inform them +of their state in the other life. But it was forbidden me to say and +reveal to them that they had been seen in this way, for the further +reason that they would have called me insane, or have thought my +information ravings of the mind (_animus_), for I was well aware that, +although they affirmed with their mouth, they yet did not at heart +believe in the existence of spirits, the resurrection of the dead and +their living among spirits, and these being able to see and hear by +means of a man. When my interior sight was first opened, and when +those who are in the other life saw through my eyes the world and the +things therein, they were so amazed that they called it the miracle of +miracles, and were affected with new joy that there was thus granted a +communication of the Earth with heaven, and of heaven with the Earth. +This joy continued for months; but afterwards it became familiar, and +now the wonder has ceased. I have been informed that the spirits and +angels with other men do not in the least see the things in the world, +but only perceive the thoughts and affections of those with whom they +are. From all this it may appear, that man was so created that, while +living amongst men in the world, he might at the same time live in +heaven amongst angels, and contrariwise, so that heaven and the world +might be together with man, and act as a one, and that men might know +what passes in heaven, and angels what passes in the world; and +that when men depart this life, they might pass thus from the Lord's +kingdom on earth into His kingdom in the heavens, not as into another, +but as into the same kingdom, in which they had been during their life +in the body. But as man has become so corporeal, he has closed heaven +against himself. + +136. Lastly, I conversed with spirits who were from that earth +concerning various things on our Earth, especially concerning the fact +that sciences are cultivated here, which are not cultivated elsewhere, +such as astronomy, geometry, mechanics, physics, chemistry, medicine, +optics, and natural philosophy; and likewise arts, which are unknown +elsewhere, as the arts of ship-building, of smelting metals, of +writing on paper, and likewise of publishing by printing, and thus of +communicating with others on the Earth, and thus also of preserving +what is communicated for the use of posterity for thousands of years; +and that this has been done also with the Word which is from the +Lord, and that on this account revelation is for ever permanent on our +Earth. + +137. At last I was shown the hell of those who are from that earth. +Those who appeared from there inspired great terror. I dare not +describe their monstrous faces. Sorceresses also appeared there, who +practise nefarious arts. They appeared clad in green, and struck me +with horror. + + + + +THE SECOND EARTH IN THE STARRY HEAVEN, AND ITS SPIRITS AND +INHABITANTS. + + +138. I was afterwards led by the Lord to an earth in the universe +which was at a much greater distance from our Earth than the first one +that has just been treated of. That it was at a much greater distance, +was plain from this circumstance, that I was two days in being led +thither as to my spirit. This earth was to the left, whereas the +former was to the right. As remoteness in the spiritual world does +not, as already observed, arise from distance of place, but from +difference of state, the long-continuance of my progression thither, +which lasted two days, enabled me to conclude that the state of +the interiors which prevailed with them, which is the state of the +affections and of the consequent thoughts, differed proportionately +from the state of the interiors which prevails with the spirits from +our Earth. As I was conveyed thither as to the spirit by means of +changes of the state of the interiors, I was enabled to observe the +successive changes themselves before I arrived there. This took place +while I was awake. + +139. When I arrived there, I did not see the earth, but only the +spirits who were from that earth; for, as has already been stated, the +spirits of every earth appear about their own earth, because they are +of a similar genius with the inhabitants, for they are of them, and +are serviceable to them. Those spirits appeared at a considerable +height over my head, and from thence they saw me coming. It must be +borne in mind that they who stand on high in the other life can behold +those who are below them, and the higher they stand the wider is the +extent of their vision; and that not only can they behold them, but +also speak with them. They observed from there that I was not from +their earth, but from some other at a distance; wherefore, addressing +me from thence, they questioned me on various subjects, and to these +questions it was also permitted me to reply. Among other things, I +told them from what earth I came, and what kind of earth it was; and +afterwards I told them about the earths in our solar system; and +then also about the spirits of the earth or planet Mercury, that +they wander about to many earths for the purpose of procuring for +themselves knowledges about various things. On hearing this, they said +that they had also seen those spirits among themselves. + +140. I was told by the angels from our Earth that the inhabitants and +spirits of that earth, in the Grand Man, have relation to KEENNESS OF +VISION, and that therefore they appear on high; and that they have +a most penetrating keenness of sight. In consequence of their having +this relation, and of their seeing clearly the things that were below, +in the course of our conversation I compared them to eagles, which fly +aloft, and enjoy a piercing and extensive view of surrounding things. +At this they became indignant, supposing that I considered them like +eagles as to their rapacity, and consequently that I thought them +evil; but I replied, that I did not liken them to eagles as to +rapacity, but as to keenness of vision. + +141. Being questioned concerning the God whom they worshipped, they +replied that they worshipped a God visible and invisible; a God +visible under the Human Form, and an invisible God, under no form at +all; and I learned from their discourse, and likewise from the ideas +of their thoughts which were communicated to me, that the visible God +was our Lord Himself, and they also called Him Lord. To this it was +given me to reply, that on our Earth also, an invisible and a visible +God is worshipped; and that the invisible God is called the Father, +and the visible, the Lord; but that both are One, as He Himself +taught, saying, that no one had ever seen the form of the Father, that +the Father and He are One, that whoso seeth Him seeth the Father, and +that the Father is in Him and He in the Father; consequently, that +both Divine [Essences] are in One Person. That these are the words of +the Lord Himself, see John v. 37; x. 30; xiv. 7, 9-11. + +142. Afterwards I saw other spirits from the same earth, who appeared +in a place beneath the former: with these also I conversed; but they +were idolaters, for they worshipped an idol of stone, like a man, but +an unhandsome one. It is to be observed, that all who come into +the other life, in the beginning have a worship which is like their +worship in the world, but that by degrees they are removed from it. +The reason why this takes place is, that all worship remains implanted +in man's interior life, from which it cannot be removed and eradicated +except by degrees. On seeing this, it was given me to tell them that +they ought not to worship what is dead, but what is living; to which +they replied, that they knew that God lives, and that a stone does +not, but that they thought of the living God while looking on a stone +resembling a man, and that otherwise the ideas of their thought could +not be fixed upon and determined to the invisible God. It was then +given me to tell them that the ideas of thought can be fixed upon +and determined to the invisible God, when they are fixed upon and +determined to the Lord, who is God visible in thought under the Human +Form; and thus that man can be conjoined with the invisible God in +thought and affection, consequently in faith and love, when he is +conjoined with the Lord, but not otherwise. + +143. The spirits who were seen on high were questioned whether on +their earth they live under the rule of princes or kings. To this they +replied, that they do not know what governments are, and that they +live under themselves, distinguished into clans, families, and +households. They were questioned whether they were thus in security. +They said they were secure, since one family never envies another, nor +desires to deprive another of anything. They were indignant at being +asked such questions, as if they had been charged with being at +enmity, or with needing protection against robbers. What, said they, +does anyone need but food and raiment, and thus to live content and +quiet under one's own management? + +144. Being further questioned concerning their earth, they said that +they have meadows, flower-gardens, orchards full of fruit-trees, and +also lakes containing fish; and that they have birds of a blue +colour, with golden feathers; and large and small animals. Amongst the +smaller, they mentioned one sort which had the back raised like the +camels on our Earth; nevertheless, they do not feed on their flesh, +but only on the flesh of fishes, and besides on the fruits of trees, +and on the leguminous plants of the earth. They said, moreover, that +they do not live in artificial houses, but in groves, amongst the +leafy boughs of which they make roofs to shelter them from rain and +the heat of the sun. + +145. Being questioned respecting their sun, which appears as a star +from our Earth, they said that it has a fiery appearance, and that it +is not larger to the sight than a man's head. I was told by the angels +that the star which is their sun is one of the smaller stars, not far +distant from the equator. + +146. There were seen some spirits who were like what they had been +during their abode as men on their earth. They had faces not unlike +the faces of the men of our Earth, except that their eyes and nose +were small. As this appeared to me something of a deformity, they said +that with them small eyes and a small nose are considered a beauty. +A female was seen, clothed in a gown ornamented with roses of various +colours. I asked whence they procured for themselves materials for +clothing on that earth. They answered that they gather from certain +plants substances which they spin into thread; and that they then at +once lay the threads in double and triple rows, moistening them with +a glutinous water to give them consistence. Afterwards they colour +the cloth, thus prepared, with the juices of herbaceous plants. It +was also shown me how they prepare the thread. The women sit down on +a seat, with their backs bent, and twist the threads with their toes; +and when twisted they draw the threads towards them, and work them +with their hands. + +147. They said also, that on that earth a husband has only one wife, +and no more; and that they beget from ten to fifteen children. They +added, that there are likewise found harlots on that earth; but that +these, after the life of the body, when they become spirits, are +sorceresses, and are cast into hell. + + + + +THE THIRD EARTH IN THE STARRY HEAVEN, AND ITS SPIRITS AND INHABITANTS. + + +148. There appeared some spirits at a distance, who were unwilling +to approach. The reason was, that they could not be together with the +spirits of our Earth who were then about me. From this I apperceived +that they were from another earth; and I was told afterwards that they +were from a certain earth in the universe; but where that earth is, +was not made known to me. These spirits, unlike the spirits from our +Earth, were absolutely unwilling to think about their body, or even +about anything corporeal and material; hence it was that they were +unwilling to approach; yet, after the removal of some of the spirits +of our Earth, they drew nearer, and spoke with me. But then there +was a sense of anxiety arising from the collision of the spheres; for +spiritual spheres surround all spirits and societies of spirits[cc]; +and since they emanate from the life of the affections and the +consequent thoughts, therefore where the affections are contrary +collision takes place, and hence arises anxiety. The spirits of our +Earth related, that they dare not even approach them; since, on their +approach, they are not only seized with anxiety, but also appear to +themselves as if they were bound hand and foot with serpents, from +which they cannot be freed till they have departed. This appearance +takes its origin from correspondence; for the spirits of our Earth, +in the Grand Man, have relation to external sense, consequently to the +corporeal Sensual, and this Sensual is represented in the other life +by serpents[xx]. + +[Footnote xx: The external Sensual of man in the spiritual world is +represented by serpents, because it is in the lowest [parts], and +relatively to the more interior things in man, lies on the ground, and +as it were creeps; and on this ground they were called serpents who +reasoned from that Sensual, nos. 195-197, 6398, 6949.] + +149. As the spirits of that earth are such, they appear in the eyes +of other spirits, not in a distinct human form, as others do, but as +clouds, in most cases like a dusky cloud, with the fair human colour +interspersed; but they said, that within they are fair, and that when +they become angels, this duskiness is changed into a beautiful blue; +which was also shown me. I asked whether, during their life as men in +the world, they had entertained such an idea respecting their bodies. +They replied that the men of their earth make no account of their +bodies, but only of the spirit in the body, because they know that the +spirit will live for ever, but that the body must perish. They said +also, that many on their earth believe that the spirit of the body has +existed from eternity, and that it was infused into the body when they +were conceived; but they added, that now they know that it is not so, +and that they repent of having ever been in so false an opinion. + +150. When I asked them whether they would like to see any objects on +our Earth, informing them that it was possible to do so through my +eyes (see above, no. 135), they answered first, that they could not, +and afterwards, that they would not, because the things that they +would see would be only earthly and material things, from which they +remove their thoughts as much as possible. But nevertheless, there +were represented before them magnificent palaces, resembling those +on our Earth possessed by kings and princes; for such things can +be represented before spirits, and, when they are represented, they +appear exactly as if they existed. But the spirits from that earth +esteemed them as nothing, calling them marble images; and then they +related that they have more magnificent things belonging to them, +which are their sacred temples, built not of stone but of wood. When +it was objected that these were still earthly objects, they replied +that they were not earthly, but heavenly, because when they gaze upon +them they have not an earthly but a heavenly idea; believing that +after death they should also see like objects in heaven. + +151. They then represented their sacred temples before the spirits +of our Earth, who declared that they had not seen anything more +magnificent; and as they were also seen by me, I can therefore +describe them. They are constructed of trees not cut down, but growing +in the place where they first took root. They said that on that earth +there are trees of a wonderful size and height; these they set in rows +from the first, so that they may form porticos and colonnades; and by +cutting and pruning, they fit and prepare the tender shoots, so that +as they grow they may interlace and join together so as to form the +groundwork and floor of the temple to be constructed, and to rise at +the sides to form the walls, and above to bend into arches to form +the roof. In this manner they construct the temple with admirable art, +raised high above the ground. They also prepare an ascent into it by +successive branches of the trees, extended from the trunk and firmly +connected together. Moreover, they adorn the temple without and within +in various ways, by disposing the foliage into forms: thus they build +entire groves. But it was not permitted me to see the character of +these temples within: I was only told that the light of their sun is +let in by apertures amongst the branches, and is transmitted here +and there through crystals, by which means the light falling upon the +walls is varied in colours like those of the rainbow, especially blue +and orange, of which they are fondest. Such are their architectural +works, which they prefer to the most magnificent palaces of our Earth. + +152. They said further, that the inhabitants do not dwell in high +places, but on the earth in lowly cottages, for the reason that high +places are for the Lord who is in heaven, and lowly places for men +who are on earth. Their cottages were also shown me. They were oblong, +having within along the walls a continuous couch, on which they lie +one behind another. On the side opposite to the door is a rounded +alcove, before which is a table, and behind the table a fire-place, by +which the whole chamber is lighted. In this fire-place, there is not +a burning fire, but a luminous wood, which gives out as much light as +the flame of a common fire does. They said that in the evening these +logs of wood appeared as if they had in them the fire of live coals. + +153. They said that they do not live as societies, but as households +by themselves; and that they are societies when they meet for worship; +that on these occasions those who teach walk within the temple, and +the rest in the porches at the sides; and that at their meetings they +experience interior joys, arising from the sight of the temple, and +from the worship celebrated therein. + +154. In respect to Divine worship, they said that they acknowledge +a God under the Human Form, consequently our Lord; for all who +acknowledge the God of the universe under the Human Form are accepted +and led by our Lord: the rest cannot be led, because they think apart +from a form. They added, that the inhabitants of their earth +are instructed about the things of heaven by a certain immediate +intercourse with angels and spirits, into which they may be brought by +the Lord more easily than others, because they reject corporeal +things from their thought and affection. I asked what becomes of those +amongst them who are evil. They told me that on their earth no wicked +person is allowed to exist; but if any one thinks and does evil, he +is reprimanded by a certain spirit, who threatens him with death if he +persists in doing so; and if he persists, he dies by a swoon; and that +by this means the men of that earth are preserved from the contagion +of evils. A certain spirit of this character was also sent to me: +he spoke with me as if with those [evil ones]: he moreover inflicted +something of pain in the region of my abdomen, saying that this is +what he does to those who think and do evil, and that he threatens +them with death if they persist. I was also told that they who profane +holy things are grievously punished; and that before the punishing +spirit comes, there appears to them in vision the gaping mouth of +a lion, of a livid colour, which seems as if it would swallow their +head, and tear it asunder from the body, whence they are seized with +horror. They call the punishing spirit the devil. + +155. As they were desirous to know how the case is on our Earth in +regard to revelation, I told them that it is effected by means of +writing and preaching from the Word, and not by immediate intercourse +with spirits and angels; and that what is written can be published by +printing, and thus be read and comprehended by whole societies, and +that thus the life can be amended. They were exceedingly surprised +that such an art, utterly unknown elsewhere, could exist on our +Earth; but they comprehended that on this Earth, where corporeal +and terrestrial things are so much loved, Divine things could not +otherwise inflow from heaven and be received; and that it would be +dangerous for such beings to converse with angels. + +156. The spirits of that earth appear above, in the plane of the head, +towards the right. All spirits are distinguished by their situation +relatively to the human body; and this is a consequence of the +universal heaven corresponding with all things of man[f]. These +spirits keep themselves in that plane, and at that distance, +because their correspondence is not with the externals, but with the +interiors, belonging to man. Their action is upon the left knee, above +and a little below, with a certain vibration very sensibly felt. This +is a sign that they correspond with _the conjunction of natural things +and heavenly things_. + + + + +THE FOURTH EARTH IN THE STARRY HEAVEN, AND ITS SPIRITS AND +INHABITANTS. + + +157. I was conducted to yet another earth which is in the universe +beyond our solar system, which was effected by changes of the state +of my mind, consequently as to the spirit; for, as has already been +repeatedly observed, a spirit is conducted from place to place no +otherwise than by changes of the state of his interiors, which changes +appear to him in all respects as advancements from place to place, or +as journeyings. These changes lasted continuously for about ten hours +before I came from the state of my life to the state of their life, +thus before I arrived there as to my spirit. I was conveyed towards +the east, to the left, and seemed to be gradually elevated from +a horizontal plane. I was also permitted to observe clearly the +progression and advance from my former place, till at length those +from whom I had departed no longer appeared; and in the meantime I +spoke on various subjects with the spirits who were with me. A certain +spirit was also with us who, during his life in the world, had been +a prelate and a preacher, as well as a very pathetic writer. From +my idea concerning him, my spirit-companions supposed he was more +a Christian at heart than the rest; for in the world an idea is +conceived and a judgment formed from the preaching and writing, +and not from the life, if this is not manifest; and if anything +inconsistent appears in the life, it is nevertheless excused; for the +idea or thought and perception concerning any one draws everything to +its side. + +158. After this I observed that I was, as to my spirit, in the starry +heaven, far beyond our solar system; for this can be observed from the +changes of state and the consequent apparent continued progression, +which had lasted nearly ten hours. At length I heard spirits +conversing near some earth, which also I afterwards saw. When I had +come near them, after some conversation they said that strangers +sometimes come to them from other places, who converse with them +concerning God, and confuse the ideas of their thought. They also +pointed out the way by which they came, from which it was perceived +that they were of the spirits of our Earth. On being questioned then +as to the confusion caused in their ideas, they said it arose from +those spirits saying that they ought to believe in a Divine Being +distinguished into three persons, whom they nevertheless call one +God; and on examining the idea of their thoughts, it is exhibited as +a trine, not continuous hut discrete, with some as three persons +conversing with each other, and with some as two seated together, one +near the other, and a third listening to them and going from them; +and although they call each person God, and have a different idea +concerning each, they still say there is but one God. They complained +exceedingly, that they had thrown them into a confusion of ideas, by +thinking of three and speaking of one, when nevertheless one ought to +think as one speaks, and speak as one thinks. The spirit who in the +world had been a prelate and a preacher, and who was also with me, +was then examined as to the character of the idea he entertained +respecting one God and three persons: [and it was found that] he +represented to himself three gods, which, however, made one by +continuity. He, however, exhibited this Three in One as invisible +because it was Divine; and while he was exhibiting this, it was +perceived that he was then thinking only of the Father, and not of the +Lord, and that his idea concerning the invisible God was no other but +as of nature in its first principles, from which idea it resulted that +the inmost of nature was his Divine, so that he might easily be led +from this to acknowledge nature as God. It is to be borne in mind, +that the idea which any person entertains on any subject is, in +the other life, exhibited to the life, and through it every one is +examined as to the character of his thought and perception on matters +of faith; and that the idea of the thought concerning God is the chief +of all, for through it, if genuine, conjunction is effected with the +Divine, and consequently with heaven. They were afterwards questioned +concerning the nature of their idea respecting God. They replied that +they did not conceive of an invisible God, but of a God visible under +the Human Form; and that they knew this not only from an interior +perception, but also from the fact, that He has appeared to them as a +Man. They added that if, according to the idea of some strangers, they +were to conceive of God as invisible, consequently without form and +quality, they would not be able to think about God at all, inasmuch as +such an invisible [being] does not fall into any idea of thought. On +hearing this, it was given me to tell them that they do well to think +of God under the Human Form, and that many on our Earth think in like +manner, especially when they think of the Lord; and that the ancients +thought in no other way. I then told them about Abraham, Lot, Gideon, +Manoah and his wife, and what is related of them in our Word, namely, +that they saw God under the Human Form, and acknowledged Him, thus +seen, to be the Creator of the universe, and called Him Jehovah, and +this also from an interior perception; but that at the present day +that interior perception is lost in the Christian world, and only +remains with the simple who are in faith. + +159. Previous to this conversation, they had believed that our company +also consisted of those who want to confuse them by the idea of three +in relation to God; wherefore, on hearing what was said, they were +affected with joy, and said that God, whom they then called the Lord, +had also sent some to teach them concerning Him; and that they are +unwilling to admit strangers who disturb them, especially with the +idea of three persons in the Divinity, knowing as they do that God +is One, consequently that the Divine is One, and does not consist of +three in unanimity, unless they are disposed to think of God as of an +angel, in whom there is an Inmost of life which is invisible, and from +which he thinks and is wise; an External of life, which is visible +under a human form, from which he sees and acts; and a Proceeding +of life, which is the sphere of love and of faith from him; for from +every spirit and angel there proceeds a sphere of life by which he is +known at a distance[cc]; and as to the Lord, that that Proceeding of +life from Him is the Divine itself which fills and constitutes the +heavens, because it proceeds from the very Esse of the life of love +and of faith. They said that in this and in no other manner can they +perceive a trinity and unity together. On hearing this, it was given +me to say that such an idea of a trinity and unity together agrees +with the angelic idea concerning the Lord, and that it is from the +Lord's own doctrine concerning Himself. For He teaches that the Father +and Himself are One; that the Father is in Him and He in the Father; +that he who seeth Him seeth the Father; and he who believeth in +Him believeth in the Father and knoweth the Father; also that the +Comforter, whom He calls the Spirit of Truth, and likewise the Holy +Spirit, proceeds from Him, and does not speak from Himself but from +Him, by which Comforter is meant the Divine proceeding. I was further +permitted to tell them that their idea concerning a trinity and unity +together agrees with the Esse and Existere of the Lord's life when He +was in the world. The Esse of His life was the Divine Itself, for He +was conceived of Jehovah, and the Esse of every one's life is that +of which he is conceived; the Existere of life from that Esse is the +Human in a form. The esse of the life of every man, which he has +from his father, is called the soul, and the existere of life thence +derived is called the body. Soul and body constitute one man. The +likeness between them resembles the likeness between that which is +in endeavour and that which is in the resulting act, for an act is +endeavour acting, and thus the two are one. Endeavour in man is called +the will, and endeavour acting is called action; the body is the +instrumental, by means of which the will, which is the principal, +acts, and in acting the instrumental and principal are a one. Such is +the case with soul and body. And such is the idea which the angels in +heaven have concerning soul and body: hence they know that the Lord +made His Human Divine from the Divine in Himself, which to Him was +the Soul from the Father. Neither is the faith which is received +throughout the Christian world in opposition to this idea, for it +teaches, that "_Although Christ is God and Man, yet He is not two, but +one Christ;... yea, He is altogether One by unity of Person; for as +body and soul are one man, so also God and man are one Christ_"[yy]. +As there was such a union or such a oneness in the Lord, therefore He +rose again, not only as to the Soul, but also as to the Body, which He +glorified in the world, which is not the case with any man; on which +subject He also instructed His disciples, saying, "_Feel Me and see, +for a spirit hath not flesh and bones, as ye see Me have_" [(Luke +xxiv. 39)][zz]. This was clearly understood by those spirits, for +such truths fall into the understanding of angelic spirits. They then +added, that the Lord alone has power in the heavens, and that the +heavens are His; to which it was given me to answer, that this also +is known to the Church on our Earth from the mouth of the Lord Himself +before He ascended into heaven; for He then said, "_All power is given +unto Me in heaven and on earth_" [(Matt, xxviii. 18)]. + +[Footnote yy: From the Creed of Athanasius.] + +[Footnote zz: Immediately after death, man rises again as to his +spirit; and he is in the human form, and he is a man as to all things +in general and particular, nos. 4527, 5006, 5078, 8939, 8991, 10594, +10597, 10758. Man rises again only as to the spirit, and not as to +the body, nos. 10593, 10594. The Lord alone rose again as to the body +also, nos. 1729, 2083, 5078, 10825.] + +160. I afterwards conversed with those spirits concerning their earth; +for all spirits can do this when their natural or external memory is +opened by the Lord; for this they carry with them from the world, but +it is not opened except at the Lord's good pleasure. Respecting their +earth, from which they had come, the spirits then said that when leave +is given them, they appear to the inhabitants, and converse with +them, as men; and that this is effected by their being let into their +natural or external memory, and consequently into such a thought +as they had been in when they lived in the world; and that on such +occasions the inhabitants have their interior sight or the sight of +their spirit opened, by which they see the spirits. They added, that +the inhabitants know no otherwise than that they are men of their +earth, and only apperceive they are not when they are suddenly removed +from their sight, I told them that the same thing also happened on our +Earth in ancient times, as, for instance, to Abraham, Sarah, Lot, the +inhabitants of Sodom, Manoah and his wife, Joshua, Mary, Elizabeth, +and the prophets generally; and that the Lord appeared in like manner, +and they who saw Him knew no otherwise than that He was a man of the +earth, till He revealed Himself. But that at the present day this +rarely happens; the reason is, lest men by such things should be +compelled to believe; for compelled faith, such as is the faith +which enters by means of miracles, does not inhere, and would also be +hurtful to those with whom faith may be implanted by means of the Word +in a state without compulsion. + +161. The spirit, who had been a prelate and a preacher in the world, +entirely disbelieved that any other earths existed besides our own, +because he had thought in the world that the Lord was born on this +Earth alone, and that without the Lord none could be saved; wherefore +he was reduced into a state similar to that into which spirits are +reduced when they appear on their own earth as men (which state has +been treated of just above); and thus he was let into that earth, +so that he not only saw it, but also conversed with the inhabitants +there. This done, a communication was by this means granted me also, +so that I likewise saw the inhabitants, and also some objects on that +earth (see above, no. 135). There appeared then four kinds of men, but +one after the other in succession; the first I saw were clothed; the +second were naked, of a human flesh colour; the next were naked, but +with flame-coloured bodies; and the last were black. + +162. While the spirit who had been a prelate and a preacher was with +those who were clothed, a woman with a very pretty face appeared. She +was simply attired; her robe hung gracefully behind her, and was also +drawn over her arms, and she wore a beautiful head-dress, in the form +of a chaplet of flowers. That spirit was greatly delighted at the +sight of this virgin; he spoke to her, and also took her by the hand; +but, apperceiving that he was a spirit, and not of that earth, she +hurried hastily away from him. Afterwards there appeared to him on the +right several other women, who had the care of sheep and lambs, which +they were then leading to a watering-trough, into which water was led +by means of a trench from some lake. They were similarly clothed, and +had shepherds' crooks in their hands, by which they led the sheep and +lambs to drink; they said the sheep went whichever way they pointed +with their crooks: the sheep which we saw were large, with woolly +tails, broad and long. The faces of the women, when seen nearer, were +full and beautiful. Some men were also seen; their faces were of a +human flesh colour, like that of the men of our Earth, but with this +difference, that the lower part of the face, instead of being bearded, +was black, and the nose more of a snowy-white than of a flesh colour. +Afterwards the spirit who, as already mentioned, had been a preacher +in the world, was led further on, but reluctantly, because he was +still thinking about that woman with whom he had been delighted, as +was evident from the circumstance that there still appeared something +of his shadow in the former place. He then came to those who were +naked. They were seen walking together by twos, husband and wife, girt +with a girdle about the loins, and some sort of covering around the +head. That spirit, when he was with them, was led into the state in +which he had been in the world when he was disposed to preach, and +then he said he would preach before them the Lord crucified; but they +said they would not hear such a thing, because they did not know what +it was, but that they knew that the Lord lives. He then said he would +preach the Lord living; but this too they refused, saying that they +apperceived in his speech something not heavenly, because it had much +respect to himself, and his own fame and honour; and that they could +hear from the tone of voice whether what was said came from the heart +or not; and that, as he was of such a character, he was unable to +teach them; wherefore he was silent. During his life in the world he +had been extremely pathetic, so that he could deeply move his hearers +to holiness; but this pathetic manner had been acquired by art, thus +from self and the world, and not from heaven. + +163. They said, moreover, that they have a perception whether the +Conjugial is with those of their clan who are naked; and it was shown +that they perceive this by virtue of a spiritual idea concerning +marriage, which idea being communicated to me was to the effect, that +a likeness of the interiors was formed by the conjunction of good and +truth, consequently of love and faith, and that from that conjunction +descending by influx into the body conjugial love comes into +existence. For all things which belong to the mind (_animus_) are +exhibited in some natural form in the body, consequently in the form +of conjugial love, when the interiors of two mutually love each other, +and from that love also desire to will and to think the one as the +other, and thus to be together and be conjoined as to the interiors +which are of the mind (_mens_). Hence the spiritual affection, which +is of the minds, becomes natural affection in the body, and clothes +itself with the sense of conjugial love. The spiritual affection +which is of the minds is the affection of good and truth, and of their +conjunction; for all things of the mind, or of the thought and will, +have relation to truth and good. They also said that it is quite +impossible for the Conjugial to exist between one man and several +wives, since the marriage of good and truth, which pertains to the +minds, can exist only between two. + +164. After this, the spirit already spoken of came to those who were +naked, but whose bodies were flame-coloured; and lastly, to those who +were black, some of whom were naked and some clothed; but the latter +and the former dwelt in a different part of the same earth; for a +spirit may be led in an instant to places far asunder on an earth, +since he does not proceed and advance like man through spaces, but +through changes of state (see above, nos. 125, 127)[ss]. + +165. I lastly conversed with the spirits of that earth concerning +the belief of the inhabitants of our Earth on the subject of the +resurrection, in that they cannot conceive that men come into the +other life immediately after death, and then appear as men as to the +face, the body, the arms, the feet, and all the external and internal +senses; still less that they are then clothed in garments, and have +mansions and dwelling-places; and that the sole reason of this is that +most persons here think from the sensuals which belong to the body, +and therefore believe in the existence of nothing but what they see +and touch; and that few of them can be withdrawn from external sensual +things to interior things, and thus be elevated into the light of +heaven, in which such things are perceived. Hence it is, that they can +have no idea of their soul or spirit as of a man, but as of wind, or +air, or a breath without form, in which there is yet something vital. +This is the reason why they do not believe they shall rise again till +the end of the world, which they call the Last Judgment, when the +body, though mouldered into dust, and scattered by every wind, will be +brought together again and conjoined to its soul or spirit. I added, +that it is permitted them to believe this, since those who, as was +said, think from external sensual things, can conceive no otherwise +than that the soul or spirit cannot live as a man in a human form, +unless it receive again that body which it carried about in the world; +wherefore, unless it were asserted that the body will rise again, they +would reject from their heart as incomprehensible the doctrine of +the resurrection and of eternal life. But nevertheless this thought +concerning the resurrection has this advantage with it, that it leads +them to believe in a life after death, a consequence of which belief +is, that when they lie on a sick bed, and do not, as theretofore, +think from worldly and corporeal things, thus not from sensual +things, they then believe that they shall live immediately after their +decease; they then also speak of heaven, and of the hope of a life +there immediately after death, quite apart from their doctrinal +concerning the Last Judgment. I related further, that sometimes it had +been matter of surprise to me, that when those who are in faith speak +of a life after death, and of their friends and relatives who are +dying or dead, and do not at the same time think about the Last +Judgment, they believe that they will live or are living as men +immediately on their decease. But as soon as thought concerning the +Last Judgment flows in, this idea is changed into the material idea +concerning their earthly body, that it is again to be conjoined to +their soul; for they do not know that every man is a spirit as to his +interiors, and that this it is which lives in the body and in each of +its parts, and not the body which lives of itself; and that it is the +spirit of every one from which his body has its human form, and which, +consequently, is principally the man, and in a similar form, but +invisible to the eyes of the body, yet visible to the eyes of spirits. +Hence also, when the sight of a man's spirit is opened, which is +effected by the removal of the bodily sight, angels appear as men: in +this manner angels appeared to the ancients, as recorded in the +Word. I have also sometimes spoken with spirits, with whom I had been +acquainted when they lived as men in the world, and I have asked +them whether they had any inclination to be clothed again with their +earthly bodies, as they used to think would be the case. But they fled +far away at the very idea of such a conjunction, being smitten with +amazement that, while in the world, they should have thought in +this manner under the influence of so blind a belief, devoid of all +understanding. + +166. Moreover, on that earth I saw the dwellings of the inhabitants: +they were lowly houses, extended in length, with windows at the sides, +according to the number of the rooms or chambers into which they were +divided. The roof was arched, and there was a door on each side at +the end. They told me that they were built of earth, and covered with +turf; and that the windows were formed of filaments of grass woven +together in such a manner that the light shone through. I also saw +little children; and the inhabitants told me that their neighbours +come to them, especially for the sake of the little children, that +they may be in company with other children in the presence and under +the direction of their parents. There also appeared fields becoming +white with standing crops that were at that time nearly ripe for +harvest. The seeds or grains of that corn were shown me, and they were +like grains of Chinese wheat: I was also shown some bread made from +it, which was in small square loaves. There also appeared plains +of grass adorned with flowers; also trees laden with fruit like +pomegranates; also shrubs, which were not vines, but still produced +berries from which they prepare wine. + +167. The sun of that earth, which is to us a star, appears there +flaming, in size almost a fourth part of our sun. Their year is about +two hundred days, and each day fifteen hours, relatively to the length +of days on our Earth. The earth itself is one of the least in +the starry heaven, being scarcely five hundred German miles in +circumference. The angels stated these particulars from a comparison +made with things of the like kind on our Earth, which they saw in +me, or in my memory. Their conclusions were formed by angelic ideas, +whereby are instantly known the measures of spaces and times, in a +just proportion relatively to spaces and times elsewhere. Angelic +ideas, which are spiritual, in such calculations immensely surpass +human ideas, which are natural. + + + + +THE FIFTH EARTH IN THE STARRY HEAVEN, AND ITS SPIRITS AND INHABITANTS. + + +168. I was led to yet another earth in the universe beyond our solar +system, and on this occasion also by changes of state continued for +nearly twelve hours. In company with me were several spirits and +angels from our Earth, with whom I conversed during this voyage or +progression. I was carried at times obliquely upwards and obliquely +downwards, continually towards the right, which in the other life is +towards the south. In two places only did I see spirits, and in one I +spoke with them. During this journey or progression I was permitted +to observe how immense was the Lord's heaven, which is designed for +angels and spirits; for from the parts uninhabited I was enabled +to conclude that it was so immense that, supposing there were many +myriads of earths, and on each earth as great a multitude of human +beings as on our own, there would still be a place of abode for them +to eternity, and it would never be filled. This I was enabled to +conclude from a comparison made with the [inhabited] extent of the +heaven which is about our Earth and designed for it, which extent was +so small relatively, as not to equal one ten-thousand-thousandth part +of the extent uninhabited. + +169. When the angelic spirits who were from that earth came into view, +they accosted us, asking who we were, and what we wanted. We told them +that we were travelling, that we had been transported thither, and +that they had nothing to fear from us. For they were afraid that we +were of those who disturb them concerning God, faith, and kindred +subjects, on account of whom they had betaken themselves to that +quarter of their earth, shunning them as much as possible. We asked +them by what they were disturbed. They replied, by the idea of Three, +and by the idea of the Divine without the Human in God, when they yet +know and perceive that God is one, and that He is man. It was then +perceived that those who disturbed them, and whom they shunned, were +from our Earth: this was manifest also from this consideration, that +there are spirits from our Earth who thus wander about in the other +life, in consequence of their fondness for and delight in travelling, +which they have contracted in the world; for on other earths there is +no such custom of travelling as on ours. It was afterwards discovered +that they were monks, who had travelled on our globe from a desire +to convert the gentiles. We therefore told them that they did well to +shun them, because their intention was, not to teach, but to secure +gain and dominion; and that they strive by various means first to +captivate men's minds (_animi_), and afterwards to subject them to +themselves as slaves: moreover, that they did well in not suffering +their idea concerning God to be disturbed by such spirits. They said +further, that these spirits also confuse them by asserting that they +ought to have faith, and to believe what they say; but that their +reply to them is, that they do not know what faith or believing means, +since they perceive in themselves whether a thing be so or not. They +were of the Lord's celestial kingdom, where all know by interior +perception the truths which with us are called the truths of faith, +for they are in enlightenment from the Lord; but it is otherwise with +those who are in the spiritual kingdom. That the angelic spirits of +that earth were of the Lord's celestial kingdom, I could also see from +the flame whence their ideas flowed; for in the celestial kingdom the +light is flaming, and in the spiritual kingdom it is bright white. +They who are of the celestial kingdom, when the discourse is about +truths, say no more than Yea, yea, or Nay, nay, and never reason about +them whether they be so or not. These are they of whom the Lord says, +"_Let your discourse be Yea, yea, Nay, nay; what is beyond this is of +evil_" [(Matt. v. 37)]. Hence it was that those spirits said that they +did not know what it is to have faith or to believe. They consider +this to be like one saying to his companion, who with his own eyes +sees houses or trees, that he ought to have faith or to believe that +they are houses and trees, when he sees clearly that they are so. Such +are they who are of the Lord's celestial kingdom, and such were these +angelic spirits[aaa]. We told them that few on our Earth have interior +perception, because in their youth they learn truths, and do not +practise them. For man has two faculties, which are called the +understanding and the will; they who admit truths no further than into +the memory, and thence in some degree into the understanding, but not +into the life, that is, into the will, these, inasmuch as they cannot +be in any enlightenment or interior sight from the Lord, say that +those truths ought to be believed, or that man ought to have faith in +them; and they also reason about them whether they be truths or +not; nay, they are not willing that they should be perceived by any +interior sight, or by any enlightenment by the understanding. They say +this, because truths with them are without light from heaven, and +to those who see without light from heaven, falsities may appear as +truths, and truths as falsities. Hence so great blindness has fallen +on many on our Earth, that although a man does not practise truths or +live according to them, they say nevertheless that he may be saved by +faith alone, as if a man were not man from the life and according to +it, but from the knowledge of such things as belong to faith, apart +from the life. We afterwards conversed with them concerning the Lord, +concerning love to Him, love towards the neighbour, and regeneration; +saying, that loving the Lord consists in loving the precepts which are +from Him, that is, in living according to them from love[bbb]; that +love towards the neighbour consists in willing good and thence doing +good to a fellow-citizen, to one's country, to the church, to the +Lord's kingdom, not for the selfish end of being seen or acquiring +merit, but from the affection of good[ccc]. Concerning regeneration, +we observed that they who are being regenerated by the Lord, and +who commit truths immediately to the life, come into an interior +perception concerning them; but that those who receive truths first in +the memory, and afterwards will them and do them, are those who are in +faith; for they act from faith, which is then called conscience. These +things, they said, they perceived to be so, and therefore perceived +also what faith is. I conversed with them by means of spiritual ideas, +by which such subjects may be exhibited and comprehended in light. + +[Footnote aaa: Heaven is distinguished into two kingdoms, one of which +is called the celestial kingdom, the other the spiritual kingdom, +nos. 3887, 4138. The angels in the celestial kingdom have vastly more +knowledge and wisdom than the angels in the spiritual kingdom, no. +2718. The celestial angels do not think and speak from faith, like the +spiritual angels, but from an internal perception that a thing is so, +nos. 202, 597, 607, 784, 1121, 1387, 1398, 1442, 1919, 7680, 7877, +8780. The celestial angels say only concerning the truths of faith, +Yea, yea, or Nay, nay, but the spiritual angels reason whether a thing +be so or not so, nos. 202, 337, 2715, 3246, 4448, 9166.] + +[Footnote bbb: Loving the Lord means living according to His +commandments, nos. 10143, 10153, 10310, 10578, 10645.] + +[Footnote ccc: Loving the neighbour consists in doing what is good, +just, and right, in every work and in every function, from the +affection of what is good, just, and right, nos. 8120, 8121, 8123, +10310, 10336. A life of love towards the neighbour is a life according +to the Lord's precepts, no. 3249.] + +170. The spirits with whom I had now spoken were from the northern +part of their earth. I was afterwards led to others who were on the +western part. These also, wishing to examine who and what I was; +immediately said that there was nothing in me but evil, thinking that +thus I might be deterred from approaching nearer. I apperceived that +this was their manner of accosting all who come to them. But it was +given me to reply that I well knew it to be so, and that in them +likewise there was nothing but evil, by reason that every one is born +into evil, and therefore whatever comes from man, spirit, or angel, +as from what is his own, or from his proprium, is nothing but evil; +inasmuch as all the good that is in every one, is from the Lord. +Hence they apperceived that I was in the truth, and I was admitted to +converse with them. They then showed me their idea concerning evil in +man, and concerning good from the Lord, how they are separated from +each other. They placed one near the other, almost contiguous, but +still distinct, yet as if bound in an inexpressible manner, so that +the good led the evil, and restrained it, insomuch that it was not +allowed to act at pleasure; and that thus the good bent the evil in +whatever direction it desired, without the evil knowing anything of +it. In this manner they exhibited the dominion of good over evil, +and at the same time a state of freedom. They then asked how the Lord +appeared amongst the angels from our Earth. I said that He appeared +in the sun as a Man, encompassed therein with a fiery solar [sphere], +from which the angels in the heavens derive all light; and that the +heat which proceeds thence is the Divine Good, and that the light +which proceeds thence is the Divine Truth, both from the Divine Love, +which is the fiery [sphere] appearing around the Lord in that sun; +but that that sun only appears to the angels in heaven, and not to +the spirits who are beneath, since the latter are more remote from +the reception of the good of love and of the truth of faith, than the +angels who are in the heavens (see above, no. 40). It was given them +thus to inquire concerning the Lord, and concerning His appearance +before the angels from our Earth, because it pleased the Lord then to +become present among them, and to reduce into order the things which +had been disturbed there by the evil spirits of whom they complained. +The reason also why I was led thither, was in order that I might be an +eye-witness of these things. + +171. There was then seen a dark cloud towards the east descending from +on high, which in its descent appeared by degrees full of light and +in the human form. At length this [human form] appeared in a flaming +radiance, encompassed with small stars of the same colour. Thus the +Lord presented Himself before the spirits with whom I was conversing. +At His presence all the spirits who were there were instantly +gathered together from every side; and when they were come, they were +separated, the good from the evil, the good to the right and the evil +to the left, and this in an instant as of their own accord. Those on +the right were arranged in order according to the quality of the good, +and those on the left according to the quality of the evil, with +them: they who were good remained to form among themselves a heavenly +society; but the evil were cast into the hells. Afterwards I saw that +that flaming radiance descended to the lower parts of the earth there +to a considerable depth, and then it appeared at one time in a flaming +[lustre] verging to luminosity, at another time in a luminosity +verging into obscurity, and at another in obscurity: and I was told by +the angels that that appearance is according to the reception of truth +from good, and of falsity from evil, with those who inhabit the lower +parts of that earth, and that the flaming radiance itself was subject +to no such variations. They also said, that the lower parts of that +earth were inhabited both by the good and by the evil; but that they +were thoroughly separated, to the end that the evil might be ruled +by the Lord through the good. They added, that the good are by turns +elevated thence into heaven by the Lord, and that others succeed in +their place, and so on perpetually. In that descent, the good were +separated from the evil in like manner, and all things were reduced +to order; for the evil, by various arts and cunning contrivances, +had intruded themselves into the dwellings of the good there, and had +infested them; and this was the cause of the present visitation. That +cloud, which in descending appeared by degrees full of light and in +the human form, and afterwards as a flaming radiance, was an angelic +society, in whose midst the Lord was. From this it was given me to +know what is meant by the Lord's words in the Gospels, where, speaking +of the Last Judgment, He says, "_That He would come with the angels +in the clouds of heaven, with glory and power_" [(Matt. xxiv. 30; Mark +xiii. 26; Luke xxi. 27)]. + +172. After this were seen some monkish spirits, those, namely, +who have already been spoken of as having been travelling monks or +missionaries in the world; and there was also seen a crowd of spirits +who were from that earth, most of them evil, whom they had drawn over +to their side, and led astray. These were seen on the eastern quarter +of that earth, from whence they had driven away the good, who betook +themselves to the northern side of the earth, and of whom we have +spoken above. That crowd, together with their seducers, were collected +together to the number of some thousands, and were separated; the evil +of that crowd were cast into the hells. It was also given me to speak +with one spirit who was a monk, and to ask him what he did there. +He replied that he taught them concerning the Lord. I asked, what +besides. He said, concerning heaven and hell. I asked, what further. +He said, concerning faith in all that he should say. I asked again, +if he taught anything else. He said, concerning the power of remitting +sins, and of opening and shutting heaven. He was then examined as to +what he knew concerning the Lord, the truths of faith, the remission +of sins, man's salvation, and heaven and hell; and it was discovered +that he knew scarcely anything, that he was in obscurity and falsity +concerning all and each of these subjects, and that he was possessed +solely by the lust of acquiring gain and dominion, which he had +contracted in the world and brought with him from thence. He was +therefore told that as he had, prompted by that lust, travelled +thus far, and as he was such in regard to doctrine, he could not but +deprive the spirits of that earth of heavenly light, and inflict on +them the darkness of hell, and thus cause hell, and not the Lord, to +have dominion with them. Moreover, he was cunning in seducing, but +stupid as to the things relating to heaven. As he was of such a +character, he was afterwards cast into hell. Thus the spirits of that +earth were freed of them. + +173. The spirits of that earth, amongst other things, also said that +those strangers, who, as has been said, were monkish spirits, used all +their endeavours to persuade them to live together in society, and not +separate and solitary. For spirits and angels dwell and live together +just as they had done in the world. Those who have dwelt together +collectively in the world, also dwell collectively together in the +other life; and those who have dwelt separated into households and +families, also dwell separated there. These spirits, whilst they had +lived as men on their earth, had dwelt separated, every household and +family, and thus every clan, apart, and therefore knew not what it was +to dwell together in society. Wherefore, when it was told them that +those strangers wanted to persuade them to this, in order that they +might reign and rule over them, and that they could not otherwise +subject them to themselves and make them slaves, they replied that +they were totally ignorant what was meant by reigning and ruling. That +they flee away at the bare idea of rule and domination, was manifest +to me from this circumstance, that one of them, who accompanied us on +the return journey, when I showed him the city in which I dwelt, at +the first sight of it fled away, and was seen no more. + +174. I then conversed with the angels who were with me, concerning +dominion, that there are two kinds of dominion, one, of love towards +the neighbour, and the other, of the love of self; and that the +dominion of love towards the neighbour exists among those who dwell +separated into households, families, and clans: but the dominion of +the love of self among those who dwell together in society. Among +those who live separated into households, families, and clans, he who +is the father of the clan bears rule, and under him the fathers of +families, and under these the fathers of each household. He is called +the father of the clan, from whom the families are derived, and the +households of which the families are composed. But all these exercise +dominion from love, like the love of a father towards his children, +who teaches them how they ought to live, provides for their good, and +as far as possible gives to them of what is his own. It never enters +into his mind to subject them to himself, as subjects or as servants, +but he loves that they should obey him as sons obey their father. And +since this love, as is known, increases in descending, therefore the +father of a clan acts from a more inward love than the father himself +from whom the children are immediately descended. Such also is the +dominion in the heavens, because such is the Lord's dominion; for His +dominion is from Divine Love towards the whole human race. But the +dominion of the love of self, which is opposite to the dominion of +love towards the neighbour, began when man alienated himself from the +Lord; for in proportion as a man does not love and worship the +Lord, in that proportion he loves and worships himself, and in +that proportion also he loves the world. Then it was that, from the +necessity for self-preservation, clans consisting of families +and households gathered themselves into one body, and established +governments under various forms. For in proportion as that love +increased, in the same proportion evils of every kind, as, enmity, +envy, hatred, revenge, cruelty and deceit, increased with it, being +directed against all who opposed that love; for from the proprium, in +which those are who are in the love of self, nothing but evil springs, +inasmuch as man's proprium is nothing but evil, and, as the proprium +is evil, it is not receptive of good from heaven: therefore the love +of self, when it is the reigning love, is the father of all such +evils[ddd]; and that love is also of such a nature, that in proportion +as it is left without restraint, it rushes on until at length each one +who is of such a character wants to have dominion over all others in +the whole globe, and wishes to possess all the goods of the others; +nay, it is not even content with this, but would have dominion over +the whole heaven; as may appear from the case of modern Babylon. Such +then is the dominion of the love of self, from which the dominion of +love towards the neighbour differs as much as heaven does from hell. +But notwithstanding that the dominion of the love of self is such in +societies, or in kingdoms and empires, there nevertheless exists even +in these a dominion of love towards the neighbour among those who are +wise from faith in and love to God, for these love the neighbour. That +in the heavens also these dwell distinguished into clans, families, +and households, although in societies together, but according to +spiritual affinities which have relation to the good of love and the +truth of faith, will, by the Lord's Divine mercy, be stated elsewhere. + +[Footnote ddd: Man's proprium, which he derives from his parents, is +nothing but dense evil, nos. 210, 215, 731, 874, 876, 987, 1047, 2307, +2308, 3518, 3701, 3812, 8480, 8550, 10283, 10284, 10286, 10731. Man's +proprium consists in loving himself more than God, and the world more +than heaven, and in holding his neighbour of no account in respect to +himself, except it be for the sake of himself, consequently [in making +much of] himself; thus it consists of the love of self and of the +world, nos. 694, 731, 4317, 5660. All evils flow from the love of self +and of the world, when these predominate, nos. 1307, 1308, 1321, 1594, +1691, 3413, 7255, 7376, 7488, 8318, 9335, 9348, 10038, 10742. These +evils are contempt of others, enmity, hatred, revenge, cruelty, +deceit, nos. 6667, 7372-7374, 9348, 10038, 10742. And from these evils +all falsity flows, nos. 1047, 10283, 10284, 10286.] + +175. I afterwards questioned those spirits concerning various things +in the earth from which they were; and first, concerning their Divine +worship, and concerning revelation. Concerning the Divine worship, +they said that clans, with their families, meet together every +thirtieth day, in one place, and hear preaching; and that on these +occasions the preacher, from a pulpit raised a little from the +ground, teaches them the Divine truths which lead to the good of life. +Concerning revelation, they said that it is made early in the morning +in a state midway between sleeping and wakefulness, when they are in +an interior light not as yet interfered with by the bodily senses and +worldly things; that on such occasions they hear the angels of heaven +speaking concerning Divine truths, and a life according to them; and +that when they are quite awake, an angel in a white garment appears +to them by the bed, and then suddenly disappears from their sight; and +that by this they know that what they have heard is from heaven. Thus +a Divine vision is distinguished from a vision which is not Divine; +for in a vision which is not Divine no angel appears. They added, +that in such a manner revelations are made with their preachers, and +sometimes also with others. + +176. On questioning them concerning their houses, they said that they +are lowly, built of wood, with a flat roof, having a cornice sloping +downwards; and that in front dwell the husband and wife, in the next +chamber the children, and the maid-servants and men-servants at the +back. With regard to food, they said that they drink milk with water; +and that they get the milk from cows, which are woolly like sheep. +Concerning their [mode of] life, they said that they go naked, and +that to them nakedness is not a matter of shame; also that their +habitual association is with those who are within their own families. + +177. Concerning the sun of that earth, they related that it appears to +the inhabitants of a flame-colour; that the time of their year is two +hundred days, and that a day equals nine hours of our time, which they +could conclude from the length of the days of our Earth perceived in +me; and further, that they have a perpetual spring and summer, and +consequently that the fields are ever blooming, and the trees are ever +bearing fruit: the reason why the case is thus is, that their year +is so short, being equal to the time of only seventy-five days of our +year; and when the years are so short, the cold does not continue long +in winter nor the heat in summer, and the ground in consequence is in +a continual state of verdancy. + +178. Concerning betrothals and marriages on that earth, they related +that a daughter, when she approaches a marriageable age, is kept at +home, nor is she allowed to go out till the day she is to be married; +and that she is then conducted to a certain connubial house, where +several other marriageable young women are also brought; that they are +there placed behind a screen, which reaches as high as the middle of +the body, so that they appear naked as to the breast and face; that +on such occasions the young men come there to choose for themselves a +wife; and that when a young man sees a young woman suitable for him, +and to whom his mind (_animus_) draws him, he takes her by the +hand. If she then follows him, he leads her to a house that has +been prepared, and she becomes his wife. For they see from the faces +whether they agree in disposition (_animus_), since on that earth +every one's face is an index of the disposition (_animus_), and +disguises and counterfeits nothing. In order that everything may be +done with decency and without lasciviousness, an old man is seated +behind the young virgins, and an elderly woman at their side, to +watch. There are many such places to which the young women are +conducted; and there are also stated times for the young men to make +their choice; for if they do not find a girl to suit them at one +place, they go to another; and if not at one time, they return again +at another. They said further, that a husband has only one wife, and +never more than one, because this is contrary to Divine order. + + + + +INDEX OF SUBJECTS. + +_The numbers refer to the paragraph, not to the pages. The footnotes +are referred to as part of the text._ + + ACT. See ENDEAVOUR. + + ADORATION. See under WORSHIP. + + AFFECTIONS, angels enter into man's, 11; + manifested by the countenance, 54; + how spiritual affection becomes natural affection, 163; + affection of thought, 88. + + AGREEMENT of life conjoins, 127[2]. + + ANALYTICAL SCIENCE, 38[4]. + + ANGEL. See under SPIRITS. + Difference between celestial and spiritual angels, 169[2]. + + ANIMALS, instinct of, 96; + how man becomes like a brute animal, 58[2]. + + ANIMUS. See MIND. + + ANXIETY arises from collision of spheres, 148. + + APPARITION of a flame, 21; + of a face, 76; + of an old man, 76; + of a bald head, 84. + + APPEARANCE of spirits and angels on our Earth, 160; + why it no longer takes place, 160. + + ARCHITECTURE, 151. + + ARISTOTLE, 38[3]. + + ATHANASIAN CREED quoted, 159[3]. + + ATMOSPHERE of the Moon, 111. + + + BABYLON, modern, 174[2]. + + BALD HEAD, apparition of, 84. + + BETROTHALS, 178. + + BIRDS, signification of, 33, 94[3]; + instinct of, 96; + bird of stone, 94-96. + + BLUE, correspondence of, 83. + + BODY (The) is only of use in this world, 123; + soul and body, 159[3]. + + BRUTE ANIMAL, how man becomes like, 58[2]. + + BUTTERFLIES, 79[3]. + + + CATERPILLARS, 79[3]. + + CELESTIAL and spiritual kingdom and angels, 169[2]. + + CEREBRUM and cerebellum, 88. + + CHANGES of colours, 94[3]; + of state, 125, 157, 164. + + CHARIOTS, signification of, 82. + + CHASMS, 128, 129. + + CHASTISING SPIRITS, 72-78. + + CHIMNEY-SWEEPERS, 79. + + CHOIRS, 61[3]. + + CHURCH, difference between celestial and spiritual, 85. + + CLOUDS, 149, 171. + + COLD, 63, 78. + + COLOURS, signification of, 94[3]. + + COMFORTER, 159[2]. + + COMMUNICATION, mutual, of all things in heaven, 15, 25, 36; + of men with spirits, 71; + with heaven, how and when closed, 71; + with heaven, on Mars, 90; + communications are effected by Subjects, 95[2]. + + CONCEIT, of spirits of Mercury, 16, 37; + impairs perception, 62[2]. + + CONJUGIAL (The), 163. + + CONJUNCTION with the Lord, how effected, 123, 142; + of natural things and heavenly things, 156. + + CONSOCIATIONS are effected according to spheres, 64; + with angels, conditions of, 123. + + CORRESPONDENCE of heaven and the Lord, and of man and heaven, 5, + 156. + + COUNTERFEITING, its effect on the face, 53. + + CREATION, the end of, is man, 112, 126. + + CRYSTALS, 19. + + + DANCER, 38[4]. + + DANGER of intercourse with spirits, 1. + + DEVIL, 154. + + DISAGREEMENT of life disjoins, 127[2]. + + DISSOCIATIONS are effected according to spheres, 64. + + DISTANCES in their origin are changes of state, 125; + in the other life are real appearances, 86; + how circumstanced, 135, 138; + distance results from unlikeness of state, 135. + + DIVINE TRUTH appears in heaven as light, 41, 131; + all things were created through the Divine Truth, 122. + + DIVINE TRUTH proceeding from the Lord is the Word, 122. + + DIVINE Worship. See under WORSHIP. + + DOCTRINE, all, from the Word, 82. + + DOMINION of good over evil, 170. + The two kinds of dominion, 174. + + DRESS, its use and abuse, 62[4]. + + DWARFS, 111[2]. + + + EAGLES, 140. + + EARTH (Our), ignorance on, 27, 169[3]; + character of spirits of, 39, 61, 62, 66, 98, 99, 158, 169; + the spirits of, in the Grand Man, relate to the various + functions of the exterior parts of the body, 64; + to the external sense, 89; + to natural and corporeal sense, 102[2]; + to natural and external sense, 122; + to external sense, thus to the corporeal Sensual, 148; + corporeal things loved on, 155. + + EARTHS in the universe, 2, 3, 6, 26; + not visible in the other life, 47; + spirits are near their own earth, 1, 42, 47, 139; + where there is an earth, there is man, 112; + earths are only apparently distant in the other world, 135. + See also PLANETS. + + ELIJAH, 82. + + EMISSARY spirits, 95[2]. + + EMPIRES, origin of, 49[2], 90[2], 174[3]. + + ENDEAVOUR and act, 159[3]. + + ENSIFORM cartilage, 111[4]. + + ESSE and existere, 159[3]. + + EUROPEAN spirits, 61[2]. + + EUSTACHIAN tube, 87. + + EVIL shows up good, 77; + every man born into evil, 170; + evils all flow from the love of self, 174[2]. + + EXTERNALS (The) of life are kept closed after death, and the + internals of life are opened, 80. + + EYE, its correspondence, 22. + + + FACES, on Jupiter, 52; + effect of counterfeiting on the face, 53; + how changed in course of time, 54[3], 88; + apparition of a face, 76; + when it acts in unity with the thought, 88; + in ancient times the face received influx from the cerebellum, 88. + + FAITH, no, with mere professors, 39; + compelled faith does not inhere, 160. + + FALSITY, all, flows from evil, 174[2]. + See also TRUTHS. + + FEAR can be excited in anyone by evil spirits, 72. + + FIRE, its signification in the Word, 52[4]; + infernal fire, 52[4]; + the fiery [sphere] around the Lord in the spiritual Sun, 170[2]. + + FLAME, apparition of a, 21; + signification of, 94[3]; + flaming object, 94; + flaming radiance, 171. + + FOOD should be prepared with a view to use, 58. + + + GENIUS of men, how known, 80. + + GENTILES in the other life, 118. + + GIANTS on Venus, 108. + + GLORIFICATION by choirs, 61[3]. + + GOD cannot be comprehended except under the Human Form, 7; + uncomprehended, cannot be believed in, 118; + under the Human Form is the Lord, 121. + + GOLDEN Age, 49. + + GOOD is known from evil, 77. + + GOODNESS of disposition, how manifested, 50. + + GOVERNING spirits of Jupiter, 72, 73. + + GOVERNMENTS unknown on other earths, 143; + origin of, 49[4], 90[2], 174[2]. + + GRAND MAN, constitution of, 9. + + GUARDS, 128. + + GULFS, 128. + + + HAND, signification of, 94[3]. + + HAPPINESS of the angels is from mutual communication of their + goods, 15. + + HARLOTS on other earths, 147. + + HEAT signifies love, 41; + does not arise from nearness to the sun, 45. + The heat and light from the spiritual sun, 170[2]. + + HEAVEN corresponds to the Lord, 5; + before the Lord it is a Man in a large effigy, called the Grand + Man, 5; + its immensity, 5, 168; + resembles one Man, 9; + how it became removed from man, 49[4]; + is the end of creation, 112, 126; + is distinguished into two kingdoms, 169[2]. + + HORSES, signification of, 60, 82. + The "White Horse," 60, 82. + + HUMAN. How the Lord made His Human Divine, 159[3]. + + HUMAN FORM (The) is the form of the Divine, 121, 159; + of heaven, 5; + of every angel and spirit, 1, 123. + Adoration of God under the Human Form, 7. + + HUMAN RACE (The) is from numberless earths, 2; + is the seminary of heaven, 3, 30. + + HUMILIATION of spirits of Mercury, 37; + of spirits of Mars, 91[3]. + + HYPOCRISY is not allowed in the other life, 54[3]. + + + IDEAS, material, 38; + angelic, 167; + spiritual, 169[4]; + are open in the other life, 158[2]; + importance of the idea concerning God, 158[2]. + + IDOLATERS, 142. + + IMAGINATIVE [part or faculty] of thought, 64. + + IMMENSITY of heaven, 5, 168. + + INFESTATION by spirits, 61[2]. + + INFLUX manifests quality, 50; + is spiritual, 102[5]. + + INSTINCT, 96. + + INSTRUCTING spirits of Jupiter, 72-78. + + INSTRUMENTAL and principal, 159[3]. + + INTELLECT (The) is according to the reception of light, 131. + + INTERNALS. See under EXTERNALS. + + + JESUITS, 61[2]. + + JUPITER (The planet), 46-84. + Population and fertility, 48. + Goodness and wisdom of the inhabitants, 49, 62; + their care of their faces, 53, 54; + their manner of walking, 55; + their nakedness, 56; + their position in bed, 57; + their repasts, 58; + their Divine Worship, 65-69; + representation of spirits and angels in the Grand Man, 64; + their perception, 67; + intercourse between inhabitants and spirits, 70-78; + chastising and instructing spirits, 72-78; + angels of their interior heaven, and their different kinds of + speech, 80; + how their spirits become angels, 82, 88; + how they die, 84; + their age, 84[2]. + + + KEENNESS of vision, 140. + + KINGDOMS, origin of, 49[4], 90[2], 174[2]; + celestial and spiritual, 169[2]. + + KNEE, 156. + + KNOWLEDGES have respect to uses, 18; + are only instrumental means, 18; + their communication among spirits of Mercury, 25. + + + LAMBS, signification of, 33, 34. + + LAMPS, signification of, 33. + + LAST JUDGMENT, 165, 171[3]. + + LEARNED in the other life, 38[2], 67, 114. + + LIFE, the, follows every one after death, 30, 51; + man can be let into former state of life, 38[3]; + life itself is actually derived from love, 52[4]; + those only have spiritual life who are in heavenly love, 96; + state of life, 135. + + LIGHT signifies wisdom, 41; + in heaven, 41, 131; + the light of this world is darkness to spirits, 135[2]; + the light of heaven enlightens the understanding of angels, 41, + but is darkness to man, 135[2]; + light in the celestial and spiritual kingdoms, 169[2]; + the light from the spiritual sun is the Divine Truth, 170. + + LIKENESS of life conjoins, 127[2]. + + LIPS, speech by the, 53, 54. + + LOGICIANS, 38[2]. + + LONGITUDINAL SINUS, 95[2]. + + LORD (The) is the sun of heaven, 40, 170; + is the only God, 98, 99; + seen in the midst of the sun by spirits of Mercury, of our + Earth, and of Jupiter, 40, 170; + by spirits of Mars, 91; + seen under an angelic form by spirits of Saturn, 98. + + LOVE is the fire of life, 52[4]; + a love contains in itself all power of knowing, 96; + parental love grows in descending, 174; + celestial and spiritual love, 94[3]; + conjugial love, 163; + love to God and towards the neighbour is man's peculiar love, + 96[2]; + what these loves consist in, 169[4]; + love of self, its nature, 174[2]; + love of self and love of the world necessitated the formation of + governments, 90. + + + MAN as to his essence is a spirit, 1[2], 123. + A man whose interiors are opened by the Lord, can speak with + spirits, 1[2]; + man as to his interiors is in the midst of spirits and angels, 1; + cannot see anything in the other life, 135[2]; + corresponds to Heaven, 5, 9; + does not rise as to his body, 159[3]; + man after death becomes a spirit, 47, 123, 160; + after death is in the human form as before, 123; + after death has the memory of all his concerns in the world, 127; + how distinguished from beasts, 96[2]; + is not born into his peculiar loves, 96[2]; + is the end of creation, 112, 126; + was born for heaven, 114; + was created to live in both worlds, 135[4]; + the natural and spiritual man, 102. + + MARRIAGES, 178. + + MARS (The planet). The spirits are the best of all, 85; + speech and character, 87; + representation in the Grand Man, 88; + life, 90; + Divine Worship, 91; + humiliation, 91; + body, clothing, and nourishment, 93. + + MATERIAL things drag the mind downwards, 13. + + MEDIUM between the Intellectual and the Voluntary, 88. + + MEMBRANE, inner, of the skull, 95[6]. + + MEMORY, of spirits of Mercury, 10, 17, 24, 31; + of spirits of Venus, 107; + spirits enter into man's, 11, 13; + of spirits, 14, 29; + is permanent after death, 127, 160. + + MERCURY (The planet). Representation in the Grand Man, 11; + desire for knowledges, 13; + conceit, 16, 37; + deficiency in judgment, 17; + knowledges alone loved, apart from uses, 6, 18, 101, 139; + instantaneous judgment 22; + rapid speech, 22, 23; + permitted to wander through the universe 6, 24, 25, 101, 139; + perfection of memory, 35; + instruction of inhabitants by spirits, 35; + perception, 39; + body and clothing, 44; + apparent size of the sun, 45; + temperature of the earth, 45. + + MERIT belongs to the Lord alone, 70[5]. + + METAPHYSICIANS, 38[2]. + + MIDDLE SENSE between the spiritual and the natural man, 102. + + MIND (_animus_). All things belonging to the mind are exhibited + under some natural form in the body, 163. + + MIND (The) (_mens_) comports itself according to the interior + state of the body, 58[2]. + + MIRACLE of miracles, 135[3]. + + MONKS, 169, 172, 173. + + MOONS, 3[2], 42, 112, 126. + + MOST ANCIENT CHURCH was a celestial church, 85. + + MOST ANCIENT PEOPLE, 49; + spoke by the face and lips, 54[2], 87[3]. + + MOST ANCIENT TIMES, 54[2]. + + MOTIONS in the other life, 125. + + + NAKEDNESS is no shame to those who are chaste, 56, 176. + + NATURAL LIGHT gives no information on spiritual subjects, 114. + + NATURAL MAN, his character, 102[4,5]. + + NATURAL AND EXTERNAL SENSE is the ultimate, 122. + + NAVIGATION, 116. + + + OLD MAN, apparition of, 76. + + OPPOSITES, their use, 35. + + + PALLAS, 38[6]. + + PAPERS, printed, 28. + + PERCEPTION, of spirits of Mercury, 89; + is impaired by conceit, 62[2]; + perception of good from evil, 77; + is lost in the Christian world, 158[3]; + is rare on our Earth, 169[3]. + + PHILOSOPHY, 38[3]. + + PLANETS are inhabited, 3; + their situation in the other life, 42, 86; + do not appear to any spirit, 105. + + PLURALITY of worlds, 2. + + PREACHER, 157, 158, 161, 162. + + PRESENCE in the other life results from likeness of state, 135. + + PREY, delight of eating, 108. + + PRINCIPAL and instrumental, 159[3]. + + PRINTING, art of, 81; + was for the sake of the Word, 113-122, 136, 155; + unknown on other earths, 155; + printed papers seen, 28. + + PROCEEDING (Divine), 159. + + PROGRESSIONS in the other life, 125, 127[2]. + + PROPRIUM is nothing but evil, 170, 174[2]. + + PUNISHING SPIRIT, 154. + + PUNISHMENTS inflicted by spirits, 72, 154. + + + QUALITY of spirits manifested by influx, 50. + + + REGENERATION, 169[4]. + + REPRESENTATION of objects in the other life, 32. + + RESPIRATION, spirits and angels have, 87[4]; + of spirits of Mars, 87[4]. + + RESURRECTION of man, 159[3]; + of the Lord, 159[3]; + belief concerning, 165. + + REVELATION on Jupiter, 65; + on this Earth and on others, 113-122, 136, 155, 175. + + RICHES, use and abuse of, 62[4]. + + RIGHT (The) in the other life is towards the south, 168. + + RIGHTEOUSNESS belongs to the Lord alone, 70[5]. + + RING of Saturn, 3[2], 100, 104. + + + SAINTS on Jupiter, 70. + + SATELLITES, 3[2], 42, 112, 126. + + SATURN (The planet). Character of the spirits, 97; + worship, 98; + representation in the Grand Man, 102; + manners and customs, 103; + ring or belt, 3[2], 100, 104. + + SCIENCES are not known on Jupiter, 62; + are cultivated on our Earth only, 136; + on our Earth are means of opening the intellectual sight, 62[3], + and also of closing it, 68; + are spiritual riches, 62[4]; + analytical science, 38[4]. + + SCHOOLMEN, 38[3], 62. + + SEMINAL VESICLES, 79. + + SENSE, natural and external, 122; + the internal sense without an external would be like a house + without a foundation, 122. + + SENSUAL, 127[4], 148; + represented by serpents, 148. + + SEPARATE. See under SOCIETY. + + SERPENTS, 148. + + SIGHT, opening of spiritual, is effected by removal of bodily, + 165[4]; + keenness of sight, 140. + + SINCERITY prevailed in the Most Ancient times, 54[2]. + + SINUS, Longitudinal, 95. + + SOCIETY, living in, and living separate, 49, 103, 173, 174; + an angelic society, 171[3]. + + SORCERESSES, 137, 147. + + SOUL is the spirit of man, and is the man himself, and in the + human form, 1; + soul and body, 159[3]. + + SPACES and distances, origin of, 125; + space and time, 127[4]. + + SPEECH, verbal, is material, 17, 54; + of spirits, 22; + by the lips, 53, 54; + angelic, 54[2]; + of Most Ancient people, 54, 87; + of angels of Jupiter, 80; + of spirits of Mars, 87, 95[3]. + + SPHERES, 64, 148; + collision of spheres produces anxiety, 148. + + SPIRIT (The) of man is the man himself, and in the human form, 1. + + SPIRITS and angels are all from the human race, 1, 30; + the spirits with man possess all things of his memory, 13; + spirits are near their own earth, 1, 42, 47, 139; + spirits of one earth are separated from those of another, 86; + their character determined by their previous life, 30; + are distinguished by their situation relatively to the human + body, 156; + spirits and angels do not see the things in this world, 52[6], + 135[2], but can see them through a man specially prepared, + 135[2]; + are all in the human form, 128; + intercourse with, in ancient times, 158[3], 160; + danger of intercourse with spirits at the present day, 1; + spirits of our Earth, see under EARTH. + + SPIRITUAL MAN inflows in to the natural, 102[5]. + + SPIRITUAL SENSE, 33. + + SPLEEN, 132. + + SPRING, perpetual, 177. + + STARS are suns, 4, 126; + signification of, 50, 72[2]. + + STATE, diversity of, causes separation, 86; + the state of life, what, 135. + + STRIATED, 95[5]. + + SUBJECTS, 95[2]. + + SUN (The) in the Word signifies the Lord as to the Divine Love, 40. + + SUN OF HEAVEN (The) is the Lord, 40; + only appears to the angels, 170[2]. + + SUN OF THIS WORLD (The) is not seen in the other life, 40, 42, 105. + + SWEDENBORG's peculiar state, 1, 124, 125, 126[3], 135, 165. + + SYSTEMS, 4, 126. + + + TASTE (The). Consequence of its ruling in the body, 58[2]. + + TEMPLES, 150, 151. + + THOUGHT is made manifest after death, 30; + how manifested in the face, 54; + the thought flows from the affection, and as it were in it, 95; + thought and speech ought to be one, 158; + effects of thinking from the sensuals of the body, 165. + + THUNDER, 111. + + TIME and space, 127[4]. + + TRANSLATION as to the spirit to distant places, 125, 127[2], 138, + 157, 168. + + TRAVELLING, 169. + + TREES, Temples of, 151. + + TRINITY, 158, 159. + + TRUTH. See DIVINE TRUTH. + + TRUTHS and falsities represented by stars, 50, 72[2]. + + TYPES. See PRINTING. + + + UNBELIEF, modern, 124. + + UNDERSTANDING (The) is the internal sight, 22. + + UNDERSTANDING AND WILL, 169[3]. + + UNIVERSE, Earths in, 2, 3, 6, 26. + + UNLIKENESS of life disjoins, 127[2]. + + USES ought to be the ends of knowledges, 18. + + + VENUS (The planet). Two kinds of men, 43, 106-109; + representation of, in the Grand Man, 43, 107. + + VESICLES, Seminal, 79. + + VISIONS, 175. + + + WISDOM of the angels is from the mutual communication of their + goods, 15; + is always growing with angels, 29; + the first step towards wisdom, 37; + wisdom on Jupiter, 62. + + WOLF, 38. + + WORD on our Earth, why printed, 81, 113-122, 136. + + WORSHIP, not possible without an idea, 7; + remains implanted in man's interior life, 142; + Divine worship on other earths, 7, 130, 141; + on Jupiter, 65-69; + on Mars, 91; + on Saturn, 98; + on Venus, 107; + on the First earth, 130; + on our Earth, 141, 142; + on the Third earth, 153, 154; + on the Fourth earth, 158; + on the Fifth earth, 175; + adoration of God under the Human Form, 7. + + WRITING has existed on our Earth from the most ancient times, 115. + + + XIPHOID CARTILAGE, 111[4]. + + + + +INDEX OF SCRIPTURE REFERENCES. + + + 1 Samuel Nos. + xxx. 16, 108 + + Matthew + v. 37, 169[2] + xxiv. 30, 171[3] + xxviii. 18, 91, 159[3] + + Mark + xiii. 26, 171[3] + + Luke + xxi. 27, 171[3] + xxiv. 39, 159[3] + + John + i. 1-3, 14, 18, 122 + v. 37, 141 + x. 30, 141 + xiv. 7, 9-11, 141 + + + + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Earths In Our Solar System Which Are +Called Planets, and Earths In The Starry Heaven Their Inhabitants, And The Spirits And Angels There, by Emanuel Swedenborg + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK EARTHS IN OUR SOLAR SYSTEM *** + +***** This file should be named 16044.txt or 16044.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/1/6/0/4/16044/ + +Produced by Juliet Sutherland, William Flis, and the Online +Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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