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+The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Great Round World and What Is Going On
+In It, Vol. 1, No. 47, September 30, 1897, by Various
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: The Great Round World and What Is Going On In It, Vol. 1, No. 47, September 30, 1897
+       A Weekly Magazine for Boys and Girls
+
+Author: Various
+
+Editor: Julia Truitt Bishop
+
+Release Date: June 8, 2005 [EBook #16025]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ASCII
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE GREAT ROUND WORLD AND ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Juliet Sutherland, Emmy and the Online
+Distributed Proofreading Team.(www.pgdp.net)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+[Illustration: THE GREAT ROUND
+WORLD
+AND WHAT IS GOING ON IN IT.]
+
+    VOL. 1   SEPTEMBER 30, 1897.   NO. 47
+
+=Copyright, 1897, by THE GREAT ROUND WORLD Publishing Company.=
+
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+It is said that the Sultan of Turkey has at last made up his mind to do
+something for the Armenians, and has ordered that a commission visit the
+villages that have suffered from the massacres, and make a careful note
+of the schools, churches, and monasteries which have been destroyed.
+
+This Royal Commission is composed of two Mussulmans, three Armenians,
+and one Greek.
+
+It is to start immediately, and the Sultan has ordered that a careful
+note of all the damage done shall be taken, and a full report rendered
+to him. It is his intention to reconstruct every building that has been
+destroyed.
+
+In addition to this, he intends to erect orphan asylums for the children
+whose parents were killed during the massacres.
+
+If this report is really true it will greatly rejoice Europe as well as
+the unfortunate people it is intended to benefit, for the impossibility
+of making the Sultan do anything for the Armenians has been worrying the
+various European governments considerably.
+
+There is nothing new to tell about the peace negotiations.
+
+England insists that the Turks shall leave Thessaly, and it seems as if
+the other Powers were willing to agree with her. The Sultan has thus far
+raised no new objections, and it looks as if peace would be concluded
+within a very short time.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+The Cubans are rejoicing over the news which we have to tell you this
+week.
+
+They have won a great victory which is of the utmost importance to their
+cause.
+
+Under the leadership of Gen. Calixto Garcia, the insurgents have taken
+Victoria de las Tunas, a large town in the province of Santiago de Cuba.
+
+This town was considered one of the great Spanish strongholds in Eastern
+Cuba. At the beginning of the present revolution it was freshly
+fortified, and at the time of its capture was defended by seven forts,
+which were armed with first-class guns.
+
+It was garrisoned by a force of three hundred soldiers, but after a
+fight which lasted three days, the commander surrendered.
+
+The loss of this town was such a severe blow, that the moment the bad
+news reached Spain a Cabinet Council was called, to discuss the
+situation. It was decided that the Spanish cause must be upheld at all
+hazards, and that fresh troops must immediately be sent to Cuba, to
+strike some decisive blow which shall offset the triumph of the Cubans.
+
+The capture of this town is of great value to the Cubans for several
+reasons, one of which is that it breaks the strength of Spain in Eastern
+Cuba.
+
+We have told you before that this part of the island is now known as
+Free Cuba, that the insurgent government controls it, and that there are
+no Spanish troops marching through it, ravaging it or laying it waste.
+What soldiers Spain still keeps in this part of the island are shut up
+in a few large and important towns.
+
+These towns are, however, more of a burden than a profit to the
+Government, for the Spaniards dare not venture out into the surrounding
+country, the Cubans being too strong for them.
+
+They are thus practically besieged; their supplies have to be sent to
+them from Havana, and they are entirely dependent on the main army for
+support.
+
+For months past the great object of the Cuban troops in Eastern Cuba has
+been to waylay the baggage-trains carrying these supplies. Again and
+again they have been attacked, the guard slaughtered, and the provisions
+captured. The Cubans have begun to boast that such comforts as their
+army is now enjoying have been supplied to them through these forays on
+the enemy.
+
+Bayamo, one of the towns that especially depended on the convoys, is in
+a state bordering on starvation, as the last three trains sent to her
+relief have been captured.
+
+The Spaniards declare that a force of ten thousand men is necessary to
+take provisions to Bayamo in safety.
+
+But it is not alone the importance of their victory which pleases the
+Cubans in the capture of Las Tunas. Their great cause for rejoicing is
+that at this battle the Spaniards for the first time accorded them the
+rights of belligerents. That is to say, the Spaniards treated them as
+soldiers engaged in legitimate warfare, not as brigands and bandits.
+
+The Spanish commander himself requested that the Cubans should consent
+to an exchange of prisoners.
+
+That you may understand the importance of this request, you must
+remember that there are especial rules and laws which govern the conduct
+of a war, and from which no nation dares depart, unless it wishes to be
+branded as inhuman and savage.
+
+One of these laws relates to the care of prisoners. Prisoners of war
+must not be treated like criminals, for they have done no wrong. The
+patriotism that makes a man willing to give his life for his country is
+a virtue, not a crime, and therefore prisoners of war must always be
+treated as honorable men. Nothing should be done to them but to keep
+them in confinement, and prevent them from fighting.
+
+As every prisoner captured weakens the fighting force of the enemy, all
+armies try to take as many captives as they can. During a war it is
+customary frequently to exchange prisoners; that is to say, each side
+gives back the prisoners they hold, in exchange for their own soldiers
+who are held by the other side.
+
+Brigands, bandits, and rebels are not considered prisoners of war, and
+when captured are treated as criminals.
+
+Up to the time of the capture of Victoria de las Tunas, the Spaniards
+utterly refused to exchange prisoners with the Cubans. They have
+insisted that the Cubans were rebels, and have shot their captives
+without mercy.
+
+The Cubans have tried in every way to get the Spaniards to treat them
+fairly and acknowledge their rights as a nation at war, but have been
+unable to do so.
+
+Now the situation is changed, and Spain has at last acknowledged the
+belligerency of Cuba to a certain extent.
+
+When it was found that Las Tunas could hold out no longer, an unarmed
+officer was sent out to parley with the Cubans. He said that the
+commander would surrender if the Cuban General would consent to spare
+the lives of the garrison, and grant them their liberty in case an
+exchange of prisoners could be arranged.
+
+General Garcia was only too pleased to agree to these terms, and the
+forts were delivered over to him.
+
+Eighty-seven Spaniards were afterward exchanged for an equal number of
+Cubans.
+
+It is thought that the Cubans will endeavor to improve the advantage
+they have gained by holding the city of Las Tunas, and establishing
+their government there.
+
+One of the reasons why both Mr. Cleveland and President McKinley have
+hesitated to acknowledge the war rights of Cuba was that the Cubans did
+not hold one important city in which to establish a government. Their
+government was carried on in secret and hidden places, and the army
+wandered from camp to camp, without one stronghold to call its own.
+
+Should the Cubans fortify Las Tunas, all these objections will be
+removed, and the United States may be able to grant these brave people
+the rights they ask for.
+
+Once recognized as belligerents, they will be able to buy what they need
+in our ports, and fit out a navy to fight Spain.
+
+The Spaniards are fearful that some such action will be taken. The
+Government in Madrid has cabled to Weyler that Las Tunas must be retaken
+at any cost.
+
+An attempt has already been made on the town, but the Spaniards were
+routed by the Cubans, who still retain possession of their prize.
+
+The Spanish prisoners who were exchanged have been put under arrest for
+surrendering. They will be court-martialled, that is to say, tried by
+military court, and called upon to explain why they gave up the town.
+
+From the Cuban accounts that have reached us, it seems that they
+attribute the victory to the fine work done by a new artillery corps
+which General Garcia has just organized. An artillery corps is made up
+of a number of cannon, each having its regular number of gunners to
+serve it. The artillery is a very valuable assistance in all warfare.
+
+The new corps of gunners had only lately landed on Cuban soil. It
+consists mainly of American sympathizers with the Cuban cause. The guns
+they serve are two heavy cannon, six rapid-firing guns, and one
+dynamite-gun.
+
+The Cubans declare that as soon as the dynamite-gun went into action the
+victory was assured.
+
+On the other hand, the Spanish claim that the loss of the city was due
+to the poor communication kept up on their side between the posts.
+
+For more than two weeks before the attack on the city, the commander at
+Las Tunas had been aware that the Cubans were advancing, and
+contemplated an assault on it.
+
+He therefore used the heliograph, and with it flashed the news to the
+Spanish stations on the Canto River, asking that reinforcements be sent
+him. He was surprised to receive no answer, and again and again the
+mirrors flashed his message across the hills. No response was received.
+
+For some unknown reason the commander did not send out scouts and
+messengers to find out why his despatches were left unanswered. Not
+receiving any response to his messages, it is strange that he did not
+send scouts to find out the reason; but the idea does not seem to have
+occurred to him that the stations on the Canto River had been captured
+or abandoned.
+
+He throws the whole blame of the disaster on the river stations, and
+declares that if they had only answered his appeal, Las Tunas might have
+been saved.
+
+As a matter of fact, the insurgents had been so active in the
+neighborhood of the Canto River that the garrisons had all been
+abandoned, and the messages from Las Tunas were never received.
+
+The fall of Las Tunas has made the fate of Holguin, Bayamo, and Jiguani
+very uncertain. These are other towns which Spain still holds in "Free
+Cuba." The Spaniards fear that they too will soon fall into the hands of
+the insurgents. It is rumored that Garcia has already sent an expedition
+against Holguin.
+
+Reports have reached us that a president has been elected for Cuba. The
+reports, however, do not agree, and it is therefore impossible to make
+any decided statement about the matter.
+
+One telegram states that General Bartolome Maso has been elected, while
+another, on equally good authority, says that the new Cuban president is
+Senor Domingo Mendez Capote. Senor Capote is a young lawyer, and while a
+bright and clever man, was not thought of as a possible candidate for
+the office. His election, if it is confirmed, will be a great surprise.
+
+The only information which we get reaches us through Havana. It had been
+arranged that couriers should carry the news of the election to the West
+as soon as the result was known. No courier has, however, arrived in
+Havana. Such information as we have received has been sent through
+channels that may not be reliable.
+
+General Lee has been interviewed in regard to the state of affairs in
+Cuba.
+
+He gives a very sad picture of the once prosperous island. He says that
+there is no business doing but that which deals with the actual daily
+needs. No crops are being raised, except those that are required to
+supply food, and even these are maintained under difficulties, for the
+Spaniards destroy when they can all the crops the Cubans try to raise,
+and the Cubans try to do the same toward the Spanish. Between the two
+the island is being laid waste.
+
+General Lee also says that he has distributed about $15,000 of the
+$50,000 appropriated by Congress for the relief of the sufferers. He
+says that there are very few native-born Americans among those who
+apply to him for help. They are mostly Cubans who have come to America
+and become naturalized.
+
+Considerable anxiety is being felt on the score of General Woodford's
+mission.
+
+He has been presented to the Queen Regent, and we must now wait
+patiently to know how the Spanish Government will receive the message
+which he bears from our President.
+
+There are new rumors of a Carlist rising.
+
+It is stated that Don Carlos and his advisers are still waiting for a
+favorable opportunity to come forward and press their claims.
+
+Don Carlos is still afraid of prejudicing the people against him by
+coming forward and trying to seize the throne at a moment when the
+country is in so much trouble. He is hoping that the new leaders of the
+Government will make some mistake which will render it possible for him
+to come forward and declare himself the only person who can save the
+country.
+
+It is stated on most reliable authority that the Carlists have secretly
+established an elaborate military organization. They have, so it is
+said, made lists of all the men who are willing to fight for Don Carlos,
+and have arranged and mustered them in troops and companies, posting
+each man as to his place and duties. When the time comes that the
+Carlists unfurl their standard and revolt against the Government of
+Spain, they expect, by these means, to have a well-drilled army to back
+up the claims of the Pretender.
+
+Arrangements have been made for the Carlist leaders to meet at Lucerne
+in Switzerland. They are to discuss the situation. Many of them think
+that they have been passive long enough, and that it is now high time
+that a decided attempt should be made to secure the crown for their
+candidate.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+A flutter of excitement was caused in this country the other day by the
+news that a Spanish officer had been inspecting our Southern coast
+defences, and had made sketches of some of them to send to Madrid.
+
+Our Government ordered the matter investigated, and it was found that
+the man who had apparently been spying on our forts was a lieutenant in
+the Spanish navy named Sobrai. He is known to us as being the author of
+certain letters, calling attention to the weakness of our coast
+defences.
+
+On his arrival in Charleston, Senor Sobrai chartered a boat and went
+over to Sullivan's Island, where the new forts are being constructed,
+and spent the day examining them.
+
+He was not admitted inside the works, and could only make his
+observations from the outside. A new regulation has lately been made by
+the War Department, forbidding any persons to inspect the new defences,
+except American army and navy officers.
+
+When Lieutenant Sobrai heard of the accusation against him, he protested
+against it vigorously. He said that he had not made the slightest effort
+to inspect any of our Southern forts or coast defences.
+
+He declared that he had been in the South on a confidential mission from
+his Government, and that his visit to Sullivan's Island was merely to
+escape the intolerable heat of the city.
+
+Whether his statement be true or false, the scare which he caused will
+have the good effect of making our Government still more careful about
+admitting strangers to our forts.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+The reports from India are not as encouraging as they were last week.
+
+There seems to have been small foundation for the statement that the
+Mullah had ordered his followers to go back to their homes, and had
+disbanded his forces because of the refusal of the Mohmands to join him.
+
+It is true that the Mohmands have not risen, and that the British have
+little or no fear that they mean to make trouble; but the Afridis are
+just as troublesome as ever.
+
+They have now been joined by a new tribe called the Orakzais. If these
+people are as terrible as their name, they must be an unpleasant enemy.
+
+The news comes from the hills that these two tribes now represent a
+force of forty-seven thousand men, and that they are advancing on the
+Samana Hills, where the British have a number of small forts.
+
+The tribesmen apparently intend to attack and demolish these forts.
+
+Some brave fighting is being done in these hills. One of the forts was
+attacked by a body of Orakzais, one thousand strong. Its garrison
+consisted of twenty native soldiers, who defended themselves with
+wonderful heroism for a period of six hours.
+
+One of these men whose duty it was to signal to the other forts remained
+at his post until the fort was captured. In spite of the bullets that
+were whistling around him, he continued sending his messages of warning
+until he was overcome by the enemy.
+
+Another had been told off to defend the guard-room of the fort. He
+remained at his post, killing twenty of the enemy before he was shot
+down himself.
+
+Of the whole garrison, but one man remained alive when the assault was
+over.
+
+These heroes were not white men, but native subjects of Queen Victoria.
+They belonged to a people called the Sikhs, natives of the Punjaub, a
+northern province of Hindustan.
+
+With such brave men as these loyal to their standard, the British should
+take heart about their future in India.
+
+The expedition which is to be sent out to punish the rebellious tribes
+is being hurried forward with all possible speed.
+
+The Ameer of Afghanistan has, it is said, become seriously alarmed over
+the advance of the British troops to the frontier. He is persuaded that
+England intends to invade Afghanistan, and take his country away from
+him.
+
+The Government in India has sent him word that though they are obliged
+to send troops across his frontier, in order to accomplish their
+purposes, their object is solely to punish the mad priest, or Haddah
+Mullah, and his followers. They assure the Ameer that no harm is
+intended to him or his loyal subjects, but declare that all the tribes
+who endeavor to oppose their advance or harass the English troops will
+be included in the severe punishment which the British intend to mete
+out to their enemies.
+
+On hearing this, the Ameer sent a letter to the Mullah, ordering him to
+cease from inciting the Afridis to revolt.
+
+In spite of this the British Government continues to be very suspicious
+of the honesty of the Ameer.
+
+Word has been sent to him from the Government that no war material or
+machinery for manufacturing it will be allowed to cross the frontier
+into Afghanistan until the present troubles are over, and the tribes at
+peace.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+Some time ago we talked to you about the Ex-Empress Charlotte of Mexico,
+widow of the Emperor Maximilian who was shot by the Mexicans.
+
+The Empress, as you doubtless remember, went out of her mind from the
+troubles of her short reign in Mexico.
+
+We told you that after thirty years of insanity the poor lady had given
+signs of returning reason, and that the doctors thought a visit to
+Mexico might entirely restore her.
+
+Preparations were being made for the visit, which was to take place as
+soon as the doctors thought it safe. All plans have now, however, had to
+be abandoned, for the Empress Charlotte has become so alarmingly ill
+that her life is despaired of, and the news of her death is hourly
+expected.
+
+Ever since her affliction she has been leading a quiet life at the
+Palace of Larken, near Brussels.
+
+Her insanity has never assumed a violent or unmanageable character, and
+her sweet and gentle nature has endeared the unhappy lady to all her
+attendants.
+
+Her mania lay chiefly in a belief that her husband Maximilian was alive,
+and she spent her days in hourly expectation of his arrival. She
+appeared to have forgotten all the troubles which had unbalanced her
+mind, and to be unaware of the cruel death which he had suffered.
+
+The Palace of Larken, where the ex-Empress passed her life, is
+beautifully situated in a large park. The gentle Princess would wander
+over the estate, interesting herself in all the various phases of a
+country life.
+
+It is said that her one pleasure was her dairy. The King of the
+Belgians, who endeavored to gratify every wish that she expressed, sent
+a very fine herd of cows to Larken, and the ex-Empress established a
+model dairy farm, from which she derived much pleasure.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+Another traveller has reached the summit of the Enchanted Mesa.
+
+We told you how Professor Libbey, of Princeton, had successfully scaled
+the bluff, and had reported that there were no traces of human life on
+the Mesa-top.
+
+It seems that the scientists were not altogether satisfied with this
+decision.
+
+It has been the experience of all men who have had any dealings with the
+red Indians that, no matter how vague and strange their legends may be,
+they are always founded on fact. Every tribe has an abundance of
+legends, and it has been found that there is always a leaven of truth in
+them.
+
+The story of the Enchanted Mesa,--how the roadway which led up to the
+village on its summit was destroyed in a great storm, and how the people
+left on the top were starved to death because they could not get
+down,--exists in one form or another among all the tribes in the
+vicinity, and therefore several men who are versed in Indian lore have
+refused to believe Professor Libbey's assertion that there were no
+traces of life to be found on the Mesa's top.
+
+A representative of the Smithsonian Institution, Mr. F.W. Hodge, has
+just returned from an expedition to the Enchanted Mesa, and his account
+is utterly at variance with that of the Professor.
+
+Mr. Hodge ascended the Butte by means of an extension ladder, and once
+on top proceeded to investigate in a much more thorough and leisurely
+manner than Professor Libbey had attempted to do.
+
+After a long and careful search, which convinced him that people had
+once dwelt on this mound, Mr. Hodge began to dig at various points where
+he thought he had a chance of making a find.
+
+His perseverance was soon rewarded. After a few hours' labor he found
+two stone axes, a broken fragment of a shell bracelet, a stone
+arrow-point, and several fragments of pottery.
+
+This proves conclusively that there have been dwellers on the Mesa-top,
+and it seems a pity that after all his trouble the Professor was not
+rewarded by some such find.
+
+Mr. Hodge says that Professor Libbey could not have attempted to dig,
+but must have expected to find the traces he was in search of lying
+exposed on the surface.
+
+By Mr. Hodge's measurement, the Mesa is 431 feet at its highest point,
+and 224 feet at its lowest.
+
+He thinks there is not a shadow of doubt that it was once occupied by
+Indians, and suggests that an expedition be sent out prepared to encamp
+on the Mesa, and examine it much more thoroughly than he was able to do.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+The committee appointed to look into the possibility of establishing a
+government factory for the manufacture of armor-plate has reported that
+it will cost about three million dollars.
+
+The committee was also instructed to look about for a desirable site on
+which to build the works. This raised the hopes of the towns within the
+iron districts. Delegates from several States have appeared before the
+board to extol the desirability of their various townships. As yet,
+however, it is not decided whether the Government will build the works
+at all, and so the matter of place has not been taken into serious
+consideration.
+
+It was supposed that the Bethlehem Iron Works and perhaps the Carnegie
+works might make some offer to the Government by which the works could
+be under the control of the Government, or the armor could be made at
+the price the Government offers ($300 per ton). No offer has as yet been
+made.
+
+A suggestion has, however, come from a man who thoroughly understands
+the manufacture of armor-plate.
+
+He says that by the use of a new process of making steel the plate can
+be turned out at a much less cost, and with half the waste that there is
+in the present method of making it. The plant to make this new-process
+steel can be built for half the money required for the old-style plant,
+and moreover the armor-plate can be turned out in a much shorter time.
+
+By the use of this process he asserts that the finest armor-plate can be
+made at a cost of $150 per ton, and at that price there would be a
+margin of $50 profit.
+
+The armor factory board has written to him, telling him that they will
+be ready to consider any proposals from him in a few days, and will
+inquire into his process.
+
+The manufacturer says that if the Government does not take kindly to his
+plan, he will start his own factory, and make armor-plate at $150 per
+ton.
+
+There is little fear that the article which this Mr. Carpenter offers is
+of an inferior character, for all armor-plate is carefully tested before
+it is accepted.
+
+       *       *      *       *       *
+
+The people who have gone to the Klondike gold hunting have found out for
+themselves the truth of the saying that "all is not gold that glitters."
+
+Day after day news reaches us of the trials and struggles, the hunger
+and hardships, of those who have hurried off in this mad rush after
+wealth.
+
+Only a day or two ago a carrier-pigeon reached its home in Portland,
+Oregon, bearing a message from a party of young men who had set out from
+that city to seek their fortunes.
+
+Wishing to be able to tell their friends of their safe arrival, the
+young men took several carrier-pigeons with them. This bird is the first
+that has arrived. The message it brought was by no means a cheerful one.
+
+When the slip of paper tied to its leg was unwound it was found to
+contain these words: "We are all well and in good spirits, but tell
+every one you know not to come up here this winter."
+
+It was written on the summit of Chilkoot Pass, and dated August 25th.
+The pigeon had flown a distance of 1,071 miles to bear this message, and
+was completely worn out when it reached its home, refusing food, and
+declining to enter the dovecote for some hours.
+
+The scarcity of food is already being felt. Some of the old miners are
+frightened, and are coming out of the district before it is shut in with
+snow.
+
+Hundreds of men are, however, pouring in from all directions, and
+shameful stories are reaching us of the wild and lawless deeds that are
+being done.
+
+A returning messenger brought word that a party of men who had for some
+reason been separated from their comrades blockaded a mountain pass, and
+having barred it up with trees and rocks, guarded it with firearms,
+refusing to allow any one to pass until their friends came up with them.
+
+So lawless did they become that they threatened to shoot the first man
+who ventured to approach the barrier.
+
+Party after party arrived at the pass, until finally there was a crowd
+of two thousand people waiting in the narrow gorge to be allowed to pass
+the barrier.
+
+This state of affairs continued for several days, until a party of men,
+more resolute than the rest, pushed their way to the front, made a rush
+for the barrier, and overcame the resistance.
+
+The waiting crowds promptly pushed aside the barricade, and began to
+file through the narrow pass; but so eager was each man to be first into
+the land of gold that the travellers pushed each other aside, knocked
+their fellows down, and trampled them under foot till the pass looked
+like a battlefield.
+
+It is strange how men lose all sense of humanity when they are thirsting
+for gold. The stories of jealousy, hatred, robbery, and murder which
+have followed the rush for riches into the Klondike are a repetition of
+the lawless doings of '49 in California.
+
+The question of providing food for these eager hordes has been
+considered by the President and his Cabinet during the past week.
+
+It has been decided to send two detachments of troops to Alaska, to
+preserve order and carry supplies to those who are in need of them.
+
+As it will be necessary to send the supplies before Congress can meet
+and make an appropriation for it, General Alger, the Secretary of War,
+has agreed to purchase the provisions at his own expense, and trust to
+Congress to pay him back.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+A report is current in London that a great honor has been conferred on
+Sir Julian Pauncefote, the English Ambassador at Washington.
+
+The term for which he was appointed ends next year, in 1898, but it is
+said that in consideration of the good service he has done, Lord
+Salisbury has obtained permission of the Queen to keep Sir Julian in
+office for another year.
+
+The rumor that a new arbitration treaty is to be prepared is again being
+circulated.
+
+We told you some time ago that it was likely that another treaty would
+be arranged for, and it is now said that Sir Julian Pauncefote is to be
+kept in office that he may have ample time to arrange the details of a
+new agreement which shall be favorably received by both countries.
+
+It is said that when he returns to Washington this winter he will bring
+with him full instructions to guide him in this difficult matter.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+The next mail from Hawaii is being most anxiously waited for. It is
+expected that it will bring word what action the Hawaiian Congress has
+taken in regard to the annexation treaty.
+
+The Legislature of the islands was called to assemble on September 8th,
+and the first matter to be brought before the law-makers was to be that
+of annexation.
+
+While the United States have been invited by the Hawaiian Government to
+annex the islands, the voice of the people has not yet been heard. The
+decision of the Congress of the Sandwich Islands will therefore be
+eagerly looked for.
+
+Some members of our Senate are of the opinion that the people of the
+islands are not really desirous of being annexed to the United States
+but if the representatives of the people vote for the measure, it will
+remove all such doubts from their minds, and greatly help the matter in
+its journey through our Legislature.
+
+Mr. Thurston, the Hawaiian Minister to the United States, asserts
+positively that the Congress will decide for annexation.
+
+He says that just before the Legislature in Honolulu adjourned, a joint
+resolution was offered, declaring that the interests of Hawaii demanded
+that she should be joined to the United States.
+
+This resolution was adopted unanimously, and as there have been no
+changes in the Hawaiian Senate since the adjournment, he thinks it
+absolutely sure that the members voted in favor of annexation.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+One of the inhabitants of Milledgeville, Kentucky, has a very
+interesting relic of the early days of our country.
+
+It is an old flint-lock rifle which once belonged to Daniel Boone, the
+famous pioneer, who opened up Kentucky for us.
+
+It is asserted that this rifle belonged to Boone when he went to
+Kentucky in May, 1769, and the history of the rifle can be so clearly
+traced back to its first owner that there seems to be little doubt of
+the truth of the story.
+
+The barrel of the gun measures four feet one inch, and the entire gun
+six feet two inches.
+
+The story goes that it was with this gun that Boone helped to kill the
+2,300 deer whose skins were hidden in the mountains of Kentucky, while
+the pioneers went back to Virginia for more ammunition and supplies.
+
+When the men returned a few months later, they found that the Indians
+had stolen and destroyed the entire lot of skins.
+
+The present owner of the gun has had it for fifty years.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+A new bullet-proof cloth has been invented by a priest of Chicago,
+Father Casimir Zeglen.
+
+Father Casimir is a man of peace, who takes but little interest in
+implements of warfare, and this great discovery was made by chance. The
+discovery once made, he determined to bring his invention to the highest
+state of perfection, hoping that through it he might lessen the horrors
+of war, and save many innocent lives that are now sacrificed for the
+honor of a country.
+
+The cloth is intended to be used as a padding or interlining for the
+soldiers' uniforms, and its inventor hopes to make the cloth so thin and
+flexible that it can be worn without inconvenience.
+
+It has already been tested, and the results were highly satisfactory.
+
+The test was made at Fort Sheridan, near Chicago, and it was decided to
+use the Krag-Jorgensen gun against it.
+
+The inch steel bullet thrown by this rifle has, it is said, been known
+to pierce through armor-plate. It has made its way through twenty inches
+of packed sand, pierced twenty-two inches of oak timber, and fired from
+a distance of six hundred yards it will pass through five feet of earth.
+
+The cloth stood the test of these terrible bullets wonderfully well.
+Five thicknesses of the material were used for the test, all the pieces
+being exactly the same size, and laid together in one compact pad.
+
+The first shot was made at a distance of four hundred yards. It was
+found that the bullet had pierced through the first thickness of the
+cloth, but had become flattened out against the rest.
+
+When the bullet was removed from the cloth it was said to have looked
+like a mushroom, the end that had first touched the cloth being
+flattened.
+
+The experiments were continued at shorter and shorter range, but the
+cloth was never quite pierced through.
+
+The military men who witnessed the trial were amazed at the results.
+
+Colonel Hall, who conducted the experiments, said that he thought that
+the cloth might perhaps be penetrated at a distance of fifty yards, but
+even so, there was no doubt that it would afford immense protection for
+soldiers engaged in actual warfare.
+
+The material of which the cloth is made is a secret. Father Casimir will
+only say that it is made of silk. He keeps it so closely covered that no
+one has had an opportunity of examining it.
+
+He evidently has the most absolute faith in the qualities of his
+invention, for he is anxious that the authorities of Governor's Island,
+New York, shall make a test of his invention, and offers, to envelope
+himself in the cloth and let the soldiers fire at him.
+
+He wishes to sail for Europe and give exhibitions of his invention in
+various cities.
+
+If the Governor's Island test takes place, regular army rifles are to be
+used, and the only precaution the priest will consent to is, that the
+soldiers shall first fire at an animal, enveloped in the bullet-proof
+cloth. When it is found that the creature escapes unhurt, the priest
+insists that he shall be allowed to become the target.
+
+                                                    G.H. ROSENFELD.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Great Round World and What Is
+Going On In It, Vol. 1, No. 47, September 30, 1897, by Various
+
+*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE GREAT ROUND WORLD AND ***
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