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+The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Great Round World and What Is Going On
+In It, Vol. 1, No. 41, August 19, 1897, by Various
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: The Great Round World and What Is Going On In It, Vol. 1, No. 41, August 19, 1897
+       A Weekly Magazine for Boys and Girls
+
+Author: Various
+
+Editor: Julia Truitt Bishop
+
+Release Date: May 27, 2005 [EBook #15918]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ASCII
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE GREAT ROUND WORLD AND ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Juliet Sutherland and the Online Distributed
+Proofreading Team.(www.pgdp.net)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+_FIVE CENTS._
+
+THE GREAT ROUND WORLD
+AND WHAT IS GOING ON IN IT
+
+  Vol. 1                AUGUST 19, 1897                No. 41.
+[Entered at Post Office, New York City, as second class matter]
+
+[Illustration: A
+WEEKLY
+NEWSPAPER
+FOR
+BOYS AND
+GIRLS]
+
+Subscription
+$2.50 per year
+$1.25 6 months
+
+
+    WILLIAM BEVERLEY HARISON. PUBLISHER
+    NO. 3 AND 5 WEST 18TH ST. NEW YORK CITY
+
+=Copyright, 1897, by WILLIAM BEVERLEY HARISON.=
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+...PREMIUMS...
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+TO ANY ONE SENDING US 4 NEW SUBSCRIBERS
+
+[Illustration: A Pocket Kodak
+
+     Measures 2-1/4 x 2-7/8 x 3-7/8 inches, makes a picture 1-1/2 x 2
+     inches, and weighs only 5 ounces. Delivered ready for 12 exposures
+     without reloading.]
+
+The Lens is of the fixed focus type, and of sufficient length of focus
+(2-1/2 inches) to avoid distortion.
+
+Has improved rotary shutter and set of three stops for lens. The slides
+for changing stops and for time exposures are alongside of the exposure
+lever and always show by their position what stop is before the lens and
+whether the shutter is set for time or instantaneous exposures, thus
+acting as a warning.
+
+In the _quality_ of the work they will do, Pocket Kodaks equal the best
+cameras on the market. They make negatives of such perfect quality that
+enlargements of any size can be made from them.
+
+The Pocket Kodaks are covered with fine leather, and the trimmings are
+handsomely finished and lacquered. They are elegant, artistic, and
+durable.
+
+=For one more subscription we will send with this camera a bicycle
+carrying-case=
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+TO ANY ONE SENDING US 9 NEW SUBSCRIBERS
+
+[Illustration: An Improved
+    =No. 4=
+   Bulls-Eye
+
+     For pictures 4x5 inches; delivered ready for 12 exposures without
+     reloading. Size of camera, 4-7/8 x 5-7/8 x 9-1/4 inches; weight 2
+     pounds 2 ounces; length of focus of lens, 6-1/4 inches.]
+
+Fitted with an achromatic lens of superior quality, having a set of
+three stops; has two finders, one for vertical and one for horizontal
+exposures; and is also provided with two sockets for tripod screws, one
+for vertical and one for horizontal exposures. Fitted with improved
+rotary shutter, for snap-shots or time exposures. Can be loaded in
+daylight. Handsomely finished and covered with leather.
+
+=Both of the above cameras are manufactured by the Eastman Kodak Co.,
+Rochester, N.Y., and this is a guarantee of their worth=
+
+                 =THE GREAT ROUND WORLD=
+     =3 AND 5 WEST 18TH ST.         NEW YORK CITY=
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+                                  at....
+                  =SCHOOL BOOKS=  Wholesale
+                                  Prices....
+
+            POSTPAID TO ANY ADDRESS
+
+           [Illustration: Divider]
+
+              =SCHOOL BOOKS=
+
+                   TAKEN
+                   IN EXCHANGE
+
+           =For Other Books....=
+           =For Great Round World=
+           =For Cash....=
+
+           [Illustration: Divider]
+
+WHY not dispose of those books that you consider valueless? There are
+thousands of boys and girls all over the country who cannot pay the
+price of new books and can use those you no longer want.
+
+            =---- SEND A LIST TO---- =
+
+            =WILLIAM BEVERLEY HARISON=
+     =_3 and 5 West 18th Street New York City_=
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+Do you Cover your Books?
+
+    THE "ONE PIECE"
+    ADJUSTABLE BOOK COVERS
+
+are made of the strongest and best book-cover paper obtainable. This paper
+is made in large quantities especially for these book covers and will
+protect books perfectly. The book covers themselves are a marvel of
+ingenuity, and, although they are in one piece and can be adjusted to fit
+perfectly any sized book without cutting the paper, they are also so
+simple that any boy or girl can use them; as they are already gummed they
+are always ready for use.
+
+A sample dozen will be mailed to any address for 20 cents (or ten two-cent
+stamps) if you write
+
+           WILLIAM BEVERLEY HARISON
+    3 and 5 West 18th Street, New York City
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+[Illustration: THE GREAT ROUND
+WORLD
+AND WHAT IS GOING ON IN IT.]
+
+    VOL. 1   AUGUST 19, 1897.   NO. 41
+
+The stories from the Klondike fields seem to grow more wonderful day by
+day.
+
+The first accounts have not only been verified, but surpassed by the
+later news. Four million dollars' worth of gold is said to be waiting
+shipment at St. Michael's, Alaska, and miners at the Klondike say that
+fifty millions more will be taken out next season.
+
+Men who went out poor a year ago are now returning with fortunes. Two
+miners found $10,000 worth of gold in twenty days.
+
+One man who has just come back bringing $180,000 worth with him gave a
+reception at his hotel in San Francisco, and invited all who cared for
+the sight to come and see the nuggets he had brought.
+
+It is said to have been the largest exhibit of gold since the famous
+times of '49. He had scores of nuggets as large as a man's thumb, but
+the feature of the collection was one about the shape and size of a
+full-grown potato. This nugget was said to be worth $250. Those who have
+seen the Alaska gold say it is very bright, and brassy in color, but not
+as fine in quality as the California gold.
+
+The stories of these enormous fortunes have set the Californian and
+Northwestern towns in a fever of excitement. A tremendous rush is being
+made for the Klondike. Men are leaving good employment and hurrying off
+to the gold-fields. Professional men (lawyers and doctors), business
+men, merchants, clerks, and laborers are all joining in the mad rush for
+the land of gold.
+
+The excitement is as great as it was in '49, but the terrible
+experiences of that year have now become ancient history, and the
+gold-seekers have to learn the sad lesson anew. It looks as if this land
+of gold would, like California in '49, become a land of death.
+
+When the gold fever reached the Eastern States in the spring of '49,
+there was just the same mad rush for California that is now being made
+for the Klondike.
+
+The emigrants had in those days to cross the prairies in wagons. None of
+them understood the rigors of the journey they had to undertake, and
+many fell by the wayside and died before the promised land was reached.
+After a while the track across this great American desert was marked by
+the skeletons of oxen and horses, and boxes and barrels which people had
+thrown out of their wagons to lighten the load of their poor weary
+beasts, to enable them to reach water and shade. Here and there a rough
+mound would mark where some poor soul had been unable to bear the
+sufferings and had given up his life.
+
+Thousands died in the awful trip across the continent, and thousands
+more, who thought to make an easier journey by sea, died of fevers
+contracted in crossing the unhealthy Isthmus of Panama, the strip of
+land that divides North and South America, separating the Atlantic from
+the Pacific Ocean.
+
+The historian Bancroft says that while between four and five hundred
+millions of gold were obtained in the seven years following the find in
+'49, the gold cost, in human life and labor, three times what it was
+actually worth.
+
+A few of the Forty-niners gained the riches they sought, but the greater
+part of the gold-seekers barely made a living by the most exhausting
+toil.
+
+[Illustration: FORTY-NINERS CROSSING THE PLAINS.]
+
+As regards the Klondike, all the miners who have returned declare that
+the life is so hard that only the very healthy can stand it. In spite of
+this warning, weak and delicate men, and men who have lived in luxury
+all their lives, are setting their faces toward the north, to undertake
+a life of untiring labor and privation, in the intense cold of an Arctic
+region in winter, and the most extreme heat in the three short months of
+summer.
+
+During this latter season the sun does not set till 10.30, and rises
+again at 3 A.M. There is no darkness, midnight being almost as light as
+midday. During the hot months all kinds of insects pester the
+inhabitants. The horseflies and mosquitoes swarm in such numbers that
+the rigors of winter are considered preferable to the warmth of summer.
+
+In addition to the horrors of the climate, there is no real supply of
+food obtainable from the Klondike region. There is practically no
+farming done, and so no crops to amount to anything are raised.
+Practically all the food used at the gold-fields must be carried there
+by the miners, and the method of travel is such that it is impossible
+for one man to carry all the food he will need until the open season
+comes round again, and he can secure fresh provisions.
+
+When the winter once sets in in the Klondike country the people are
+completely shut off from the rest of the world, the only way to reach
+civilization being by a long and exhausting journey on snowshoes over
+mountains and through fearful gorges, through which it would be
+impossible to carry baggage. The only communication with the outer world
+is through the mail, which reaches the district twice during the winter,
+the mail-carriers being mountaineers who understand how to travel these
+Arctic mountains over glaciers and snowy peaks.
+
+The returning miners have all told the same story of the journey and the
+lack of provisions, but, in spite of this, crowds of men are hurrying
+into this country which is already on the verge of famine. Those who
+have taken food with them are unable to get it carried to its
+destination, and it is said that the road is now blocked with it. The
+only means of transportation is by Indians on mule-back; the mules are
+very scarce, and the Indians only work when they feel like it. The
+chances are that many men will be starving in the Klondike this winter,
+while barrels and boxes of food will be piled mountain-high at the last
+station, waiting to be carried through the long succession of waterways
+and portages. A portage is a place between lakes and rivers where the
+waters become so shallow or rapid that they cannot be navigated, and the
+boats have to be lifted ashore and carried overland until it is possible
+to take to the water again.
+
+[Illustration: CROSSING THE CHILKOOT PASS]
+
+The word Klondike is said to be a mispronunciation of the Indian words
+"thron dak" or "duick," which means "plenty of fish," from the fact
+that the Klondike is a famous salmon stream. The river is marked
+"Tondak" on the Canadian maps.
+
+In the Klondike district are a number of rivers flowing eastward from
+the Yukon. In all of these gold has been found. The Stewart River, which
+lies south of the Klondike, has been found to be as rich in gold as the
+Klondike, and it is confidently asserted that the Alaskan side of this
+region is as rich in gold as the British Columbian.
+
+But, so far, all the gold-fields have been located in British Columbia,
+and the great rush for them has been from the United States.
+
+The Canadians do not like this, and feel that it is not fair that Canada
+should be making nothing out of these fabulous finds.
+
+There is very little redress for her, however. Americans have taken up
+the greater part of the claims in the Yukon district, and have been
+careful to comply with the very strict laws which Canada has laid down
+to govern mining claims. She can therefore make no objections on that
+score, but she is determined to get some share of the new riches.
+
+At the present time the Americans are taking their goods into the new
+country free of duty, and are making what purchases they need in Alaskan
+towns.
+
+Prominent men in Canada are demanding that custom officials shall be
+placed at all the Canadian mountain passes.
+
+It is expected that the taxing of the Americans will produce a large
+income for the Government. One Canadian firm has offered $50,000 for the
+privilege of collecting the customs for ten years.
+
+A cry has gone up that imposing duties on the miners will make their lot
+still harder than it is at present, but this will not be heeded. Men who
+start out expecting to make a large fortune in a few months ought to be
+willing to pay handsomely for the privilege.
+
+Besides establishing custom-houses, the Canadian Government is seriously
+discussing the idea of making foreign miners pay a heavy royalty for the
+right to work in the mines.
+
+There was some talk of excluding aliens--that is, all who are not
+British subjects--from working on the gold-fields, and thus keeping the
+Canadian find for Canadians.
+
+You remember the Kootenai matter (see page 850), and how the Canadian
+Government made it impossible for aliens to take up claims, and insisted
+that all mine owners must give up their citizenship in other countries
+and become British subjects. There was some talk of doing the same thing
+at Klondike, but it was thought that such a course would make a great
+deal of trouble, and that it would be much simpler to force each man to
+pay a certain sum of money (fifty dollars a day has been suggested) for
+his right to work in the gold-fields.
+
+It is strange how the search for gold brings envy, hatred, malice, and
+all uncharitableness in its train.
+
+No sooner was gold discovered than Canada began to fret because America
+was profiting by it, and America began to fume because Canada wanted to
+make her profit out of the great find.
+
+Ugly threats were made of what the American miners would do if Canada
+tried to make things hard for them. In consequence the Secretary of War
+has been asked to establish a military post on the route to the
+gold-fields in Alaska, to protect the American miners if Canada
+interferes unreasonably with them.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+This seems to be a great year for the finding of gold.
+
+A discovery has just been made in Trinity County, Cal., which leads
+people to hope that the mother lode of the Californian gold-fields has
+been found.
+
+This main lode had been lost sight of north of El Dorado County, but its
+reappearance in Trinity has caused a great deal of excitement and turned
+many gold-seekers thither, in preference to the frozen Klondike region.
+The first discovery of gold in California was made in what is now El
+Dorado County, and it was in consequence of the gold find that the
+county got its name.
+
+El Dorado was the name of a mythical king, about whom the most
+astonishing stories were told. He was supposed to be lord of a country
+where gold was as plentiful as dust. It was in search of these golden
+lands that many of the famous discoverers undertook their voyages.
+
+The conquest and settlement of New Granada (now the Republic of
+Colombia), the discovery of the Amazon and Orinoco rivers, of the great
+forests of the Andes, and of the mountainous regions of Venezuela, were
+all due to the quest for El Dorado.
+
+This king, according to the tradition, dwelt in a city called Manoa,
+built on a lake called Parima. This city was supposed to be somewhere in
+the northern part of South America, and it was confidently asserted that
+its streets were paved with gold.
+
+As the story has it, the wealth of this country was so great that the
+people wore gold for clothes, it being their custom to smear their
+bodies with oil of balsam, and then sprinkle themselves with gold-dust,
+till they looked like gilded statues.
+
+To the people of the Old World it seemed that a country which could
+afford to dress its inhabitants in this fashion must be well worth
+finding, and so the old navigators were always trying to find it.
+
+Of course they never did, but the source of the legend of El Dorado has
+been traced to the yearly ceremony of an Indian tribe near Bogota, in
+the Republic of Colombia.
+
+The Spaniards declared that it was part of the religious duty of this
+tribe to have their chief bathed once a year in a certain lake which was
+sacred to them.
+
+Great preparations were made for this ceremony. The body of the chief
+was first smeared with gold-dust and oil of balsam, and, a handful of
+gold and precious stones was given to him. He then advanced to the
+shores of the lake, and amid the prayers and chants of his tribe, first
+cast the gold and jewels into the water, and then plunged in himself.
+
+This ceremony was supposed to bring his people good luck for the coming
+year.
+
+The Spaniards who conquered New Granada, or the Republic of
+Colombia, declared this story to be strictly true, but as none of them
+had ever witnessed the ceremony, it is supposed to be merely another
+form of the El Dorado legend.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+In British India there is a fresh uprising which appears to be of a very
+serious character.
+
+A body of tribesmen attacked a camp in the Chitral District, killing
+some of the British soldiers, and severely wounding others.
+
+Chitral is on the northeast border of India, where it joins Afghanistan.
+
+The tribes in this portion of the Empire have always given the English a
+great deal of trouble. They are very bold, and good fighters.
+
+The country they inhabit is very mountainous, and they have one mode of
+warfare which makes them a very ugly foe to attack. They throw down
+rocks on an invading force, and long practice has made them so expert in
+this art that they are most formidable. When once they have taken to
+their mountain fastnesses, soldiers do not like the task of pursuing and
+punishing them.
+
+The present outbreak was totally unexpected. The Swats, as the people of
+this region are called, appeared to be perfectly contented under British
+rule. Industry had been encouraged among them, trade developed, and they
+seemed a very peaceful and prosperous people.
+
+Suddenly, without any warning, the whole population rose against the
+British.
+
+The Swats had intended to attack Camp Malakand unawares, and massacre
+the soldiers, but through the kindness of a friendly native a warning
+was given. Preparations were quickly made for defence, messengers sent
+off to ask for re-enforcements, and the soldiers were able to repulse
+the enemy when the attack was made.
+
+Six thousand Swats were said to be in arms against the British.
+
+The Government at once despatched a large force of soldiers to relieve
+the little camp.
+
+On their arrival the enemy was soon routed, the cavalry chasing them
+back toward the hills. All danger was supposed to be over, when word was
+brought that the natives had re-formed, and were preparing to attack a
+fort in the neighborhood, called Fort Chakdara.
+
+Leaving a few men at the camp to defend it, the commander of the relief
+column started for Chakdara.
+
+They arrived only just in time. The Swats had laid siege to the fort,
+and the little garrison in it were despairing, when, from the hills,
+they saw the lights flashed by a heliograph, and learned by this means
+that help was coming. The heliograph is an instrument for signalling by
+means of flashes of light reflected from mirrors.
+
+When the relief party reached Chakdara, they had a severe fight with the
+Swats, but they at length routed the tribesmen.
+
+The situation is growing more serious.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+News has just arrived that Great Britain has taken possession of one of
+the smaller islands in the Pacific Ocean, which is claimed by the
+Hawaiian Government.
+
+This island is known as Palmyra Island, and is situated about a thousand
+miles to the southward of Hawaii. The Hawaiian Government claims that it
+is one of the dependencies of the Sandwich Island group.
+
+It was discovered by Captain Cook, the famous navigator who explored the
+Pacific Ocean in 1768, and secured Australia and New Zealand for the
+British.
+
+It has long been marked on the maps as a British possession, but it
+appears that it was occupied years ago by Hawaiians, who raised the
+Hawaiian flag over it, and claimed it for their Government.
+
+The action of Great Britain in claiming the island at this time is
+considered of the highest importance, as it is feared that it may have
+been claimed merely for the sake of complicating Hawaiian matters, and
+preventing annexation.
+
+Our Government will look very closely into the rights of the affair, and
+insist upon their being respected.
+
+The State Department will gather all information possible in regard to
+Palmyra Island. Should it be found that Hawaii's claims are good, our
+minister in the Sandwich Islands will be instructed to ask the
+Government there to protest against the action of Great Britain. The
+United States will then uphold this protest, and the officials believe
+that it will result in the removal of the British flag from the island.
+
+An American guano company located on Palmyra Island some years ago,
+building sheds and a wharf, but after the guano deposit was exhausted
+they abandoned the island. It was at one time known as Americus Island.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+A despatch from Japan says that the Government has decided to submit the
+Hawaiian emigrant question to arbitration.
+
+It is also stated that Japan will endeavor to prevent the annexation by
+every means in her power, but that she will not resort to hostile
+measures.
+
+The friends of arbitration are very pleased at the news about the
+Japanese emigrant question.
+
+Arbitration seems to have been making rapid strides lately. Every one is
+satisfied with the settlement of the Venezuelan difficulties, and now
+Spain and Peru have entered upon a new treaty based upon similar
+grounds.
+
+In this last treaty all differences are to be laid before a
+disinterested country for settlement, and the decision of that country
+is to be final.
+
+There is a curious clause in this treaty which relates to the frequent
+revolutions which occur in the South American republics.
+
+This clause states that the claims of Spanish residents for damage done
+their property during these disturbances shall be placed on the same
+footing as those of the Peruvians. Formerly there were diplomatic
+squabbles and troubles like the Ruiz affair, after every revolution, but
+under the new treaty all this will be avoided.
+
+There are still rumors of a new arbitration treaty between England and
+the United States. It is probable that the question may be raised again
+at the next session of Congress.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+Affairs are progressing peacefully in Turkey.
+
+The ambassadors have presented the Sultan with a rough draft of the
+treaty. It provides that Europe shall arbitrate any difficulties that
+may arise between Turkey and Greece over the details of the arrangement.
+
+So far the ambassadors and Turkish officials are on the best of terms,
+and meet with the utmost friendliness.
+
+But despite this fact, the peace is not yet concluded.
+
+Germany has made a fresh difficulty by insisting that the Powers shall
+control the money matters of Greece until the war indemnity has been
+paid.
+
+The Sultan has persisted in his refusal to give up Thessaly until this
+money has been paid, and to meet this objection the German Kaiser
+proposes to take charge of Greece's pocketbook and see that she settles
+her debts.
+
+Greece has something to say on this subject, however. Her ministers will
+not hear of any such arrangement, and it was rumored that King George
+would abdicate if Germany's plan was carried out.
+
+In addition to this, there is a likelihood of fresh trouble in Crete.
+
+Turkey has been trying to send fresh troops to the island to re-enforce
+her present army. The admirals of the allied fleets have sternly
+objected to any such proceeding, and, learning that the Turkish troops
+are on their way, have refused to allow them to land, threatening to use
+force to prevent them, if necessary.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+It is now openly stated in Havana that General Weyler is to leave Cuba
+as soon as it has been definitely settled what leader is to take his
+place.
+
+Having failed in all his attempts to pacify the island, General Weyler
+was seized with a great idea the other day. He decided to meet Gomez and
+discuss the making of peace on the terms of Home Rule for Cuba.
+
+General Weyler has frequently tried to obtain an interview with Gomez,
+but has not been successful. Since the killing of Maceo the Cuban
+leaders have been very careful how they trusted themselves in the hands
+of their treacherous foe.
+
+On this occasion General Weyler sent his messenger to Gomez, with a very
+polite request.
+
+Gomez, however, wasted neither time nor politeness over his reply.
+
+"Tell your general," he said to the messenger, "that I do not consider
+him a man of honor, and that he has lowered himself too deeply to be on
+a level where he can confer with me."
+
+The insurgents are in great numbers around Havana, and are making
+constant attacks on the suburbs of that city.
+
+Their force is now so strong that no one can leave the city by land, and
+no provisions can be brought into it.
+
+It was decided that an army should be led against the besiegers, and
+General Weyler (having been commanded to do so from Madrid) decided to
+lead this army himself.
+
+He found himself so hemmed in by insurgents that he was unable to leave
+the city except by boat, as all the roads are now in the hands of the
+Cubans.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+The results of the military bicycle trial on Long Island were most
+satisfactory.
+
+The company started out with thirty-two men, and arrived home with
+twenty-eight, three having been sent back on business, the fourth man
+being the only one whose wheel was too badly damaged to be ridden.
+
+The company travelled three hundred and ninety-eight out of the five
+hundred miles planned. The rest of the distance could not be made on
+account of the dreadful weather.
+
+It rained every day of the trip, and the soldiers had to contend with
+muddy roads from start to finish.
+
+In spite of these drawbacks the expedition was a complete success, and
+it is said that it will prove of the greatest value from a military
+standpoint.
+
+The bicycle ambulance had to be abandoned on the second day out, as it
+was unsuited to the heavy roads over which the troop had to travel.
+
+The accidents to the wheels were: ten rims broken, seven tires
+punctured, twenty spokes, two bearings, a handle-bar, and a pedal
+broken.
+
+Happily there were two bicycle machinists in the party and they were
+able to make the necessary repairs, so that all the wheels were usable
+throughout the entire trip except one, which was so badly broken that
+the rider had to leave the company.
+
+Captain Lyon, who was in command, says that it has been shown that the
+bicycle can be of great service in military operations. He says that
+under the very worst conditions a wheel can accomplish much more than a
+horse.
+
+He thinks that the weight carried on the machine has very little to do
+with its endurance, but at the same time in future trips would recommend
+that a carbine be carried instead of the musket, which he considers too
+heavy and cumbersome to carry on a wheel.
+
+An effort was made to send a despatch by one of the troopers from
+Jamaica, L.I., to the camp at Peekskill in seven hours, a distance of
+one hundred miles.
+
+Private Walter Dixon was chosen for the service and started out at seven
+o'clock in the morning.
+
+He did not reach the State camp till six in the evening, owing to
+mishaps. He was thrown from his wheel and stunned during his journey,
+and lost a long time while recovering. His actual time in the saddle was
+eight hours.
+
+This was considered the most important event of the trip.
+
+In war time the carrying of despatches is one of the most essential
+duties, and much depends on the promptness of their delivery. To be able
+to send a despatch a hundred miles in eight hours means a revolution in
+modern warfare.
+
+The weather and the mosquitoes combined in an effort to make the trip as
+difficult as possible. When the men arrived in New York they were tired,
+grimy, mud-stained, and punctured with mosquito bites, but very happy
+over the success they had had.
+
+They never once sought shelter in hotels, but, rain or no rain, camped
+out as they had intended to.
+
+Another trial of the bicycle has been made in the West, and it has again
+come off with flying colors.
+
+The Twenty-Fifth United States Infantry Bicycle Corps has just completed
+a two-thousand-mile ride from Fort Missoula, Montana, to St. Louis. The
+trip took forty days.
+
+The riders and wheels stood the journey remarkably well, and the
+lieutenant in command considered the trip a great success.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+The constant rain that we have had for the last few weeks has called to
+mind a very curious old superstition which will amuse and interest you.
+
+There is an ancient English rhyme which runs:
+
+     "St. Swithin's Day, if then doth rain,
+      For forty days it will remain;
+      St. Swithin's Day, if then be fair,
+      For forty days 'twill rain nae mair!"
+
+The history of the origin of this legend has been handed down to us
+through the chronicles of William of Malmesbury.
+
+In the early days, before printing was invented, the records were kept
+by the monks in the monasteries.
+
+The monks were, indeed, the only people who understood how to read and
+write.
+
+The records were written by them on parchment or vellum. The margin of
+every sheet was very wide, and beautiful designs were often painted
+thereon The first letter of a new paragraph was always beautifully
+illuminated, as this method of decoration was called.
+
+These ancient manuscripts have afforded us much of our knowledge of the
+world's history.
+
+William of Malmesbury, to whose patient care we are indebted for the
+story of St. Swithin, was a monk in the monastery of Malmesbury, a town
+in England, about fifty miles from Stratford-on-Avon where Shakespeare
+was born. It is situated on the Lower Avon, a branch of the same river
+which flows through Stratford.
+
+William was librarian of the monastery of Malmesbury, and was also a
+noted historian. He was born in 1095, and died in 1142.
+
+His "History of the English Kings" and "Modern History" have formed the
+foundation of the later histories of England that have been written.
+
+William also wrote several other books telling the history of his
+church, and it is in one of these that the story of St. Swithin is
+found.
+
+In those days the people were very superstitious, and believed in signs
+and wonders, and frightened themselves silly with every strange noise or
+unusual occurrence, for everything that occurred was supposed to be a
+sign that something was going to happen.
+
+According to the record of William of Malmesbury, Swithin was a great
+scholar in his day, and was chosen by King Ethelwulf as the tutor of his
+son Alfred. This was the Alfred who afterward became Alfred the Great.
+He was the king who was scolded by the old woman for burning the cakes.
+
+When Alfred came to the throne he made his old tutor bishop of
+Winchester, and Swithin became a very great man indeed.
+
+In spite of his greatness he was a very modest man, and did not care for
+pomp or show.
+
+When he died he left strict instructions to the monks of Winchester,
+that he was to be buried in a "vile and unworthy place," outside the
+monastery.
+
+The monks obeyed his wishes.
+
+The fame and piety of this good man lived after him, and when many years
+had passed, and the memory of his dying wishes had grown fainter, the
+monks determined to adopt the good Swithin as their patron saint, and
+give him a magnificent resting-place inside the cathedral.
+
+Some of the older monks protested, but their objections were overruled,
+and a day was set apart for transferring the good man's bones to their
+new resting-place.
+
+According to William of Malmesbury this act was performed on July 15th,
+and St. Swithin's bones were no sooner lifted from their humble
+resting-place than the most awful storm of rain that England had ever
+known burst over the country. For forty days it rained without ceasing,
+until another flood was feared.
+
+The monks were terribly frightened, and expressed great sorrow for the
+mischief they had done, but they did not give up their prize. The bones
+of St. Swithin were kept in Winchester Cathedral, rain or no rain.
+
+Ever since then, according to the same chronicler, if it rained on the
+15th of July, or St. Swithin's day, it was sure to rain every day for
+forty days.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+A new postal regulation has just come into use.
+
+It is at present only in force in thirty-six of our principal cities,
+but if found to be as satisfactory as it is expected to be, will be used
+all over the country where there is a free delivery of mail.
+
+This new plan provides for a house-to-house collection, as well as
+delivery of mail, and also for the sale of stamps by letter-carriers.
+
+This is accomplished through the use of a combination letter-box, with
+which each householder is supposed to supply himself.
+
+The box is to be placed where the postman can easily have access to it
+without whistling or ringing bells. Instead he will unlock the mail-box,
+take from it all the letters that want mailing, and put in their place
+those which he has to deliver.
+
+It will be a very pleasant thing to be able to post letters without
+going off our own doorsteps, but this is only half of the comfort which
+the new box is going to be to us.
+
+In each post-box will be a special envelope containing blanks, on which
+the householder can order one and two cent stamps and postal-cards,
+putting the money to pay for them into the envelope with his order.
+
+The postman collects this envelope with the regular mail, and hands it
+to a special clerk, who takes out the money, fills the order, and drops
+the envelope in the mail for the postman to deliver on his next round.
+
+Unstamped letters can also be posted in this very delightful box, and
+special delivery stamps can be secured by stating on the blank the
+number of letters that are to be stamped, and enclosing the money for
+the same in the special envelope.
+
+All unstamped matter is turned over to the clerk who has charge of the
+envelope department. He buys the stamps, sticks them on, and despatches
+the letters.
+
+This service is only rendered to people who buy their own boxes.
+
+The post-office does not undertake to furnish them, but only to give
+good service with them when they are purchased.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+A wonderful feat of swimming has just been performed in England.
+
+A man named McNally, a champion swimmer, and a native of Boston, Mass.,
+has attempted to swim across the English Channel from Dover, England,
+to Calais, France, a distance of thirty-five miles.
+
+This body of water is the most uncertain and the roughest of seas.
+
+Many people who are fine sailors and have made many voyages to Europe
+say they would rather cross the Atlantic than the English Channel.
+
+The reason for this is that the vast body of water which forms the North
+Sea, in forcing its way between the narrow straits of Dover, is driven
+into short cross-waves and currents, which make the sea always choppy
+and rough.
+
+Many swimmers have made the attempt to swim this Channel before, among
+them Boyton, and Captain Webb who lost his life in an attempt to swim
+the Niagara Rapids.
+
+No one has so far achieved success.
+
+McNally succeeded in reaching within three miles of the French coast,
+but he was then so exhausted that he had to be pulled into the boat and
+give up the attempt.
+
+He had announced that he would swim the Channel, and had been some days
+in Dover, swimming over a part of the course, and getting himself in
+training for the final effort.
+
+He started from the Dover pier, followed by a row-boat in which were two
+sailors, a newspaper man, and his trainer.
+
+When he started out he had no intention of taking the swim. He merely
+went out for exercise. The weather was so foggy that his companions
+urged him to turn back and exercise later in the day.
+
+He, however, kept on, and when he was about six miles from the shore
+the fog lifted, and wind and tide all being in his favor, he determined
+to make the trial then and there.
+
+He was in the water fifteen and a half hours, and swam steadily all the
+time at the rate of about a mile and a half an hour.
+
+Swimmers will be interested to know that McNally used the breast stroke
+continually, only occasionally changing to a side stroke for relief.
+
+He never swam on his back. He says that this method of swimming
+interferes with the muscles, and gets them out of condition for resuming
+the breast stroke.
+
+Swimmers as a rule seek rest and relief by turning on their backs, so
+the opinion of an expert on such a subject is well worth having.
+
+Apart from the interest we all feel in great feats of strength and
+endurance, such an attempt as that made by McNally is valuable to us, as
+it shows us the length of time it is possible for a swimmer to remain in
+the water without becoming exhausted.
+
+Swimming is an accomplishment that every boy and girl should acquire,
+and the knowledge that if a swimmer keeps cool, and has his wits about
+him, he can remain in the water for a considerable period without danger
+of drowning, should be taken to heart by every lad and lass who
+contemplates boating as a part of the summer's enjoyment.
+
+                                              G.H. ROSENFELD.
+
+
+
+
+INVENTION AND DISCOVERY
+
+
+FRUIT-PICKER.--Fruit-picking is such an easy matter for boys that I
+think it is the girls who will chiefly appreciate this contrivance. It
+too often happens that there will be a very tall tree with fruit well
+out of reach, and a girl at the foot of it who is not an expert climber.
+Her mouth need no longer water in vain. This fruit-picker is very
+ingenious. It consists of scoop-shaped jaws worked by cords and springs,
+and mounted on a pole of suitable length. Attached to the jaws is a
+long, funnel-shaped bag, which receives the fruit and allows it to drop
+without injury right into the fruit-picker's hands.
+
+[Illustration: Fruit Picker]
+
+[Illustration: Safety-Brake]
+
+SAFETY-BRAKE FOR CHILDREN'S CARRIAGES.--So many accidents occur with
+baby-carriages that this ought to be a great comfort to mothers, and a
+great help to the "little mothers" who mind the babies. Children's
+carriages are made so light that their weight is very slight, and a puff
+of wind is often enough to set them in motion; and if they chance to be
+on an uneven sidewalk they are likely to roll into the road among the
+vehicles. This simple brake, which keeps the wheels from moving when the
+handle is released, will render this impossible, and make it safe to
+leave the carriage, baby and all, without the fear of harm coming to it.
+
+It seems as if the danger to the children attracted the attention of
+more than one person at the same time, for other brakes also have been
+brought to our notice, the same in intention, but differing in design.
+
+[Illustration: Garment Hanger and Stretcher]
+
+GARMENT HANGER AND STRETCHER.--This is a very simple and ingenious
+arrangement to combine a garment hanger and stretcher. The two are made
+in one, and consist of a single piece of wire bent backward on itself.
+The ends are secured to a support which can be attached to the wall, and
+at the other end of the double wire it is bent upward and downward, so
+as to form a strong spring holding the two parallel parts closely
+together.
+
+[Illustration: Combination Eraser]
+
+COMBINATION ERASER.--The combination eraser is a handy little tool, and
+seems calculated to find its way to every writing-table. As its name
+implies, we find combined in the one tool an eraser, a blade, and a
+smoothing-tip fitted in the stem of the blade. Besides this, a brush can
+be at will secured to an extension of the tip, thus bringing together
+all the implements necessary for erasing.
+
+[Illustration: Corn-Holder]
+
+CORN-HOLDER.--Corn is never so sweet as when it is eaten off the cob,
+and in spite of burned and greasy fingers too, most people prefer to
+enjoy it in that way. This corn-holder will enable one to so enjoy it
+without any such drawbacks. It consists of a pair of lever-arms which
+work like scissors or shears. One end of each curves inwardly and has a
+pointed end which will enter the corn. There is a chain below which will
+keep them fixed in the necessary position for firmly holding it.
+
+
+
+
+CORRESPONDENCE.
+
+
+     MR. WILLIAM B. HARISON.
+
+     DEAR SIR: Pardon me for calling your attention to an error
+     in your valuable paper, THE GREAT ROUND WORLD, which has
+     many friends here. On page 1,036 you speak of the steamer
+     _Pewabic_ on Lake Michigan. This should read Lake Huron. The
+     wreck lays about twenty miles from Alpena. Some of the
+     readers thought this should be corrected. Hence I take the
+     liberty of this letter.
+
+     Wishing you best success for the paper, I remain
+
+                                       Yours truly,
+                                      H.H. WITTELSHOFER.
+     ALPENA, MICH., July 19th, 1897.
+
+
+DEAR SIR:
+
+We acknowledge the receipt of your letter, with many thanks, and are
+much obliged to you for calling our attention to the matter.   EDITOR.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+        _To Any Subscriber Securing_
+
+             For Us =1= _NEW_
+                        _SUBSCRIPTION_
+
+              _We Will Send, Post-Paid,
+                A BOUND VOLUME OF ..._
+
+               =THE GREAT ROUND WORLD=
+
+     _These volumes are neatly bound in cloth, with title stamped
+     on side and back, and make a neat library book, handy in
+     size and weight, and tasteful in appearance._
+
+    =PART I.= _contains_
+       =NOVEMBER 11th, 1896 to FEBRUARY 18th, 1897=
+
+    =PART II.= _contains_
+       =FEBRUARY 25th, 1897 to JUNE 3d, 1897=
+
+     ALBERT ROSS PARSONS, _President, American College of
+     Musicians,_ writes concerning his son, aged 10: "The bound
+     volume of the first fifteen numbers has remained his daily
+     mental food and amusement ever since it arrived. I thank you
+     for your great service both to our young people and to their
+     elders."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+                            =THE GREAT ROUND WORLD=
+                =3 & 5 WEST 18TH STREET       NEW YORK CITY=
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+Remember that text-books will
+be taken in exchange for subscriptions
+to
+
+                 =THE= .. ..
+              =GREAT ROUND WORLD=
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+=The Second Bound Volume=
+
+OF
+
+=THE GREAT ROUND WORLD=
+
+(Containing Nos. 16 to 30)
+
+=IS NOW READY=
+
+
+     Handsomely bound in strong cloth, with title on side and back.
+     Price, postage paid, $1.25. Subscribers may exchange their numbers
+     by sending them to us (express paid) with 35 cents to cover cost of
+     binding, and 10 cents for return carriage.
+
+  Address
+=_3 and 5 West 18th Street, . . . . . . New York City_=
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+TO ANY ONE SENDING US
+
+
+   =8= _NEW...._
+       _SUBSCRIBERS_
+
+     WE WILL SEND A
+
+                               =JUNIOR RIFLE=
+
+     22 calibre, highly finished, with rebounding lock, case-hardened
+     frame, detachable barrel, automatic shell ejector. Weight 4-1/2
+     pounds.
+
+[Illustration: Rifle]
+
+                                      OR
+
+
+                               =A "Shattuck New=
+                               =Model" Shot=Gun=
+
+
+     Side-snap action, rebounding lock, walnut pistol-grip stock, patent
+     fore end, rubber butt, and pistol-grip cap, nickel frame,
+     choke-bored, twist-steel barrel. 12 or 16 gauge.
+
+                =THE GREAT ROUND WORLD=
+     3 AND 5 WEST 18TH ST.          NEW YORK CITY
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+="The Great Round World" PRIZE CONTEST=
+
+THE GREAT ROUND WORLD is now over six months old, and it feels some
+anxiety to know just how much interest its readers have taken in the
+news and how much information they have gained from its pages. To
+ascertain this, it has been decided to offer ten prizes for the best
+answers to the following:
+
+     =Name ten of the most important events that have been mentioned in
+     "The Great Round World" in the first 30 numbers, that is, up to
+     number of June 3d.=
+
+     _In mentioning these events give briefly reasons for considering
+     them important._
+
+This competition will be open to subscribers only, and any one desiring
+to enter the competition must send to this office their name and the
+date of their subscription; a number will then be given them.
+
+All new subscribers will be furnished with a card entitling them to
+enter the competition.
+
+In making the selection of important events, remember that wars and
+political events are not necessarily the most important. If, for
+instance, the air-ship had turned out to be a genuine and successful
+thing, it would have been most important as affecting the history of the
+world. Or if by chance the telephone or telegraph had been invented in
+this period, these inventions would have been _important_ events.
+
+Prizes will be awarded to those who make the best selection and who
+mention the events in the best order of their importance. Answers may be
+sent in any time before September 1st.
+
+The Great Round World does not want you to hurry over this contest, but
+to take plenty of time and do the work carefully. It will be a pleasant
+occupation for the summer months.
+
+We would advise you to take the magazines starting at No. 1, look them
+over carefully, keep a note-book at your side, and jot down in it the
+events that seem to you important; when you have finished them all, No.
+1 to 30, look over your notes and select the ten events that seem to you
+to be the most important, stating after each event your reason for
+thinking it important.
+
+For instance: suppose you decide that the death of Dr. Ruiz was one of
+these important events, you might say, "The killing of Dr. Ruiz in the
+prison of Guanabacoa--because it brought the cruelties practised on
+American citizens to the attention of our Government," etc., etc.
+
+In sending your answers put your number and the date only on them, for
+the judges are not to know names and addresses of the contestants, that
+there may be no favoritism shown.
+
+It is important to put date on, for if two or more are found of similar
+standing, the one first received will be given preference.
+
+Address all letters to REVIEW PRIZE CONTEST DEPARTMENT,
+GREAT ROUND WORLD, 3 and 5 West 18th Street, New York City.
+
+          _Write answer on one side of the paper only_
+     =Prizes will be selections from the premium catalogue=
+
+         No. 1. Premiums as given for 15 Subscriptions
+         No. 2.    "      "   "    "  12        "
+         No. 3.    "      "   "    "  10        "
+         No. 4.    "      "   "    "   9        "
+         No. 5.    "      "   "    "   8        "
+         No. 6.    "      "   "    "   7        "
+         No. 7.    "      "   "    "   5        "
+         No. 8.    "      "   "    "   5        "
+         No. 9.    "      "   "    "   5        "
+         No. 10.   "      "   "    "   5        "
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Great Round World and What Is
+Going On In It, Vol. 1, No. 41, August 19, 1897, by Various
+
+*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE GREAT ROUND WORLD AND ***
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