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diff --git a/15916.txt b/15916.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..2c0458d --- /dev/null +++ b/15916.txt @@ -0,0 +1,1561 @@ +The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Great Round World and What Is Going On +In It, Vol. 1, No. 39, August 5, 1897, by Various + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: The Great Round World and What Is Going On In It, Vol. 1, No. 39, August 5, 1897 + A Weekly Magazine for Boys and Girls + +Author: Various + +Editor: Julia Truitt Bishop + +Release Date: May 27, 2005 [EBook #15916] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ASCII + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE GREAT ROUND WORLD AND *** + + + + +Produced by Juliet Sutherland and the Online Distributed +Proofreading Team.(www.pgdp.net) + + + + + + +_FIVE CENTS._ + +THE GREAT ROUND WORLD +AND WHAT IS GOING ON IN IT + + Vol. 1 AUGUST 5, 1897 No. 39. +[Entered at Post Office, New York City, as second class matter] + +[Illustration: A +WEEKLY +NEWSPAPER +FOR +BOYS AND +GIRLS] + +Subscription +$2.50 per year +$1.25 6 months + + + WILLIAM BEVERLEY HARISON. PUBLISHER + NO. 3 AND 5 WEST 18TH ST. NEW YORK CITY + +=Copyright, 1897, by WILLIAM BEVERLEY HARISON.= + + + * * * * * + +...PREMIUMS... + + * * * * * + +TO ANY ONE SENDING US 4 NEW SUBSCRIBERS + +[Illustration: A Pocket Kodak + + Measures 2-1/4 x 2-7/8 x 3-7/8 inches, makes a picture 1-1/2 x 2 + inches, and weighs only 5 ounces. Delivered ready for 12 exposures + without reloading.] + +The Lens is of the fixed focus type, and of sufficient length of focus +(2-1/2 inches) to avoid distortion. + +Has improved rotary shutter and set of three stops for lens. The slides +for changing stops and for time exposures are alongside of the exposure +lever and always show by their position what stop is before the lens and +whether the shutter is set for time or instantaneous exposures, thus +acting as a warning. + +In the _quality_ of the work they will do, Pocket Kodaks equal the best +cameras on the market. They make negatives of such perfect quality that +enlargements of any size can be made from them. + +The Pocket Kodaks are covered with fine leather, and the trimmings are +handsomely finished and lacquered. They are elegant, artistic, and +durable. + +=For one more subscription we will send with this camera a bicycle +carrying-case= + + * * * * * + +TO ANY ONE SENDING US 9 NEW SUBSCRIBERS + +[Illustration: An Improved + =No. 4= + Bulls-Eye + + For pictures 4x5 inches; delivered ready for 12 exposures without + reloading. Size of camera, 4-7/8 x 5-7/8 x 9-1/4 inches; weight 2 + pounds 2 ounces; length of focus of lens, 6-1/4 inches.] + +Fitted with an achromatic lens of superior quality, having a set of +three stops; has two finders, one for vertical and one for horizontal +exposures; and is also provided with two sockets for tripod screws, one +for vertical and one for horizontal exposures. Fitted with improved +rotary shutter, for snap-shots or time exposures. Can be loaded in +daylight. Handsomely finished and covered with leather. + +=Both of the above cameras are manufactured by the Eastman Kodak Co., +Rochester, N.Y., and this is a guarantee of their worth= + + =THE GREAT ROUND WORLD= + =3 AND 5 WEST 18TH ST. NEW YORK CITY= + + * * * * * + +Remember that text-books will +be taken in exchange for subscriptions +to + + =THE= .. .. + =GREAT ROUND WORLD= + + * * * * * + +=The Second Bound Volume= + +OF + +=THE GREAT ROUND WORLD= + +(Containing Nos. 16 to 30) + +=IS NOW READY= + + Handsomely bound in strong cloth, with title on side and back. + Price, postage paid, $1.25. Subscribers may exchange their numbers + by sending them to us (express paid) with 35 cents to cover cost of + binding, and 10 cents for return carriage. + + Address +=_3 and 5 West 18th Street, . . . . . . New York City_= + + * * * * * + + =TO ANY SUBSCRIBER SECURING + ... FOR US 1 SUBSCRIPTION= + + +[Illustration: On Honour's Roll +Tales of Heroes in the +Nineteenth Century] + + =WE WILL SEND POST-PAID ANY ONE OF THE FOLLOWING BOOKS= + +THE STORY OF THE INDIAN MUTINY.= By Ascott R. Hope. 4 illustrations. +12mo. + +=THE ORCHID SEEKERS.= A Story of Adventure in Borneo. By Ashmore Russan +and Frederick Boyle. Illustrated. 8vo. + +=UNDER MANY FLAGS.= Stories of Scottish Adventurers. By Davenport Adams. +Illustrated. 12 mo. + +=THE FUR TRADERS OF THE WEST= or, =The Doones of Fowey=. By E.R. +Suppling. 21 full-page illustrations. 8vo. + +=LOST IN AFRICA.= A Book of Adventure. By Frederick Whishaw. With +full-page illustrations. 8vo. + +=THE DAYS OF BRUCE.= A Story from Scottish History. By Grace Aguilar. +Illustrated. 8vo. + +=THE DESERT SHIP.= A Story of Adventure by Sea and Land. By John +Bloundelle-Burton. Illustrated. 8vo. + +=NUTTALL'S STANDARD DICTIONARY.= Compiled by the Rev. James Wood. +Illustrated. 8vo. 832 pages. + +[Illustration: The Orchid +Seekers] + +=GIRL'S HOME COMPANION.= Edited by Mrs. L. Valentine. Illustrated. 8vo. +Contains full description of indoor and outdoor games and valuable +information concerning embroidery, sewing, and all other occupations and +accomplishments for girls. + +=LEGENDS OF KING ARTHUR AND HIS KNIGHTS.= By J.T. Knowells. 8vo. + +=ON HONOUR'S ROLL.= Tales of Heroism in the Nineteenth Century. By L. +Valentine. Illustrated. 8vo. + +=HARRY RAYMOND.= By Commander Cameron. Illustrated. 8vo. + +=WE THREE BOYS.= By L. Valentine. Illustrated. 8vo. + +=SEA FIGHTS AND LAND BATTLES.= By Mrs. Valentine. Illustrated. 8vo. + +=PUZZLES OLD AND NEW.= By Professor Hoffman. 8vo. With over 500 diagrams +and illustrations. + +=MASTERMAN READY.= By Captain Marryatt. Illustrated. 12mo. + +=SETTLERS IN CANADA.= By Captain Marryatt. Illustrated. 12mo. + +=POOR JACK.= By Captain Marryatt. Illustrated. 12mo. + + * * * * * + + The above are all cloth-bound, well-made books, and are carefully + selected for their interest and character.... + + * * * * * + + =The Great Round World= + =3 AND 5 WEST 18TH ST. NEW YORK CITY= + + * * * * * + +[Illustration: THE GREAT ROUND +WORLD +AND WHAT IS GOING ON IN IT.] + + VOL. 1 AUGUST 5, 1897. NO. 39 + +It seemed, at the early part of last week, as though the Sultan of +Turkey might be brought to terms, but matters have again become +threatening, and the outcome is as doubtful as ever. + +The Sultan is a very wily person, and, finding that delays and triflings +would no longer serve him, he changed his tactics and said that he had +been misrepresented by the reports, and was as anxious for peace as the +rest of the Powers. + +He issued a proclamation of the most friendly character, declaring it to +be the plain duty of Turkey to put an end to the uncertainty, and +commanded his ministers to find some means of coming to an agreement. + +The following day the Ambassadors sent to Tewfik Pasha, and asked him +whether Turkey was willing to resume the peace councils in accordance +with the wishes of the Powers. They stated very clearly that if matters +were not to be discussed on those lines, they would be obliged to break +off the conference, and tell their various governments that Turkey could +only be made to obey by force of arms. + +After consulting with his Government, Tewfik Pasha replied that the +Porte was willing to accept the frontier suggested--with some slight +alterations. + +This did not seem unreasonable to the Ambassadors, and they telegraphed +hopefully to their governments that the peace was as good as concluded. + +As to the slight changes asked for, the Powers had informed Turkey early +in the conference that they would be willing to meet her wishes in +regard to the frontier line if it was possible to do so. + +Everything seemed in train for a speedy peace. In addition to being +willing to give up Thessaly, the Sultan had also intimated that he would +reduce the sum of money asked for as war indemnity. When first the +negotiations were commenced, Turkey demanded $50,000,000. It was said +that she would now accept $20,000,000. + +The Ambassadors were prepared to have the Porte (the Turkish Government) +ask that all the mountain passes between Greece and Turkey should be +given to Turkey, and that the army should continue to occupy Thessaly +until the war indemnity was paid. They thought that the final +understanding would be reached at the very next meeting. + +They were doomed to disappointment. The following day, when the +conference assembled, Tewfik Pasha kept the Ambassadors waiting a long +time for him, and, when he at last appeared, laid a new frontier plan +before the diplomats. + +To their surprise, they found that the frontier demanded was mapped out +in direct opposition to their wishes. + +They one and all declined to discuss it, and informed Tewfik that they +would adjourn until he brought a written acceptance of the frontier as +they had designated it, and the meeting broke up with unpleasant feeling +on both sides. + +The military experts who had arranged the frontier line had appointed +the day after this stormy interview to meet the Turkish frontier +commission. + +They waited and waited, but the Turks did not put in an appearance. + +They then went over and reported the fact to the Ambassadors, who had +met together in the council room--in the hope that Tewfik would come +with the written acceptance. + +The hours went by and brought no Tewfik. + +The Ambassadors went to the Austrian embassy to talk the matter over and +decide what course they should pursue. They had hardly reached the place +before the Pasha appeared. He said that the Sultan, his master, had +detained him and the military commission, discussing the situation, and +added that the Sultan had decided to appoint two of the military +delegates to discuss the peace negotiations in his (Tewfik's) place. + +Believing this to be but an excuse for further delay, the Ambassadors +one and all refused to have any dealings with any one but Tewfik Pasha. + +The Turkish Minister then withdrew, to acquaint His Majesty with the +decision of the Ambassadors--and so the matter stands for the present. + +No one knows what the Sultan's next move will be. + +England does not believe that he really intends to give up Thessaly, but +the other Powers think that he will do so as soon as he is absolutely +sure that a refusal will mean war. + + * * * * * + +The most interesting news in regard to Cuba this week is the renewal of +the report that Spain and Japan have entered into an alliance against +the United States. + +A correspondent at Paris, France, telegraphs that the understanding +between the two countries is to the effect that should the United States +take any active measures to secure the freedom of Cuba, or persist in +the annexation of the Hawaiian Islands, Spain and Japan shall declare +war on her at the same moment. The plan is that Spain shall send vessels +to attack our Atlantic seaboard, and Japan shall simultaneously make war +on the Pacific coast. + +Inquiries at the Japanese embassy only elicited a denial of the report. +The Japanese insist that it is absurd to think of an alliance between +Japan and Spain, because there is an unfriendly feeling between the two +countries on account of the war in the Philippine Islands. Spain, as you +may remember, accused Japan of assisting the rebels in Manila with the +hope of securing the Philippines for herself. + +Inquiries were also made of the Secretary of State, but the department +denied the truth of the rumors as firmly as the Japanese had done. + +We should not be too sure that these rumors are false on this account, +for Ambassadors and diplomatists are frequently obliged, for state +reasons, to deny facts which they know to be perfectly true. + +There has been considerable excitement in Havana on account of the +arrest of some fifty of the most prominent merchants in the city. + +The charge made against them was that they had been shipping goods into +the interior of the island without a license, as required by a recent +rule of Weyler's. + +The true cause of their arrest was that a number of packages containing +medicine and ammunition were found on board one of the trains leaving +Havana. Weyler declared that these packages were intended for the Cuban +rebels, and had the merchants arrested. + +There is intense indignation in Havana over this outrage. All the men +arrested were wealthy and prominent, some having held important official +positions in the city--one in particular having been Mayor. + +It is openly said that the whole affair was planned by the Spaniards to +give them an opportunity of plundering these men of their wealth. It is +reported that the Chief of Police has informed the prisoners that they +will be released, and no further proceedings taken against them, if they +will pay him the sum of one million dollars. + +When the news of these arrests became known, crowds gathered around the +jail, protesting against the Government and calling loudly for the +recall of Weyler. + +The Government in Madrid has been cabled to upon the subject, but so far +no reply has been received. + +A dispatch from Madrid tells us that the people are indignant over Senor +Canovas' promise to send another twenty thousand soldiers to Cuba. + +They say that Spain has already suffered enough, and that the +Government ought not to ask for any more money or soldiers. + +They complain that they were told that Cuba was pacified a month ago, +and that nothing remained to be done but to subdue some bands of +insurgents that were scattered throughout the island. This was only a +month ago, and now they are asked to prepare a fresh army to go to Cuba, +and are told that the Spanish cause has met with disaster. + +The Spanish papers are openly declaring that the time has come to put a +stop to the sacrifice of men and money, and that the mother country must +end her wars and give her people peace. + +The latest news of the insurgents is that Gomez is advancing on Havana, +and promises that at the gates of the city he will show General Weyler +whether the island is really pacified or not. + +He has issued a proclamation, saying that Spain might as well stop any +attempt to grant reforms to Cuba. He says: "We will accept neither +reforms nor home rule. Spain must know that this war is one for +independence, and that the Cubans would rather die than yield. The day +we lifted our flag of liberty, we wrote on it: 'Independence or death.'" + + * * * * * + +The committee appointed to inquire into the Transvaal raid has sent in +its report to Parliament--or, to speak correctly, it has sent in two +reports, for the members could not agree. + +One report says that, whatever justification there may have been for the +people of Johannesberg to rebel against the rule of the Boers, there was +none whatever for Mr. Cecil Rhodes to organize and dispatch an invading +army into the Transvaal. + +This portion of the committee declares that the blame rests entirely on +Cecil Rhodes, notwithstanding the fact that Dr. Jameson did finally +invade the territory without direct orders. + +They find that Cecil Rhodes seriously embarrassed the home and colonial +governments, by thus breaking the peaceful understanding between the +nations; and further, that he used his high position to provoke a +rebellion, and deliberately deceived the home Government that he might +be able to carry out his own personal plans. The Government in England +is declared to be entirely innocent of any knowledge of the affair, but +two officers of the colonial Government are found guilty. + +To the surprise of everybody, the report contains no suggestion for the +punishment of any of the offenders. + +In regard to Cecil Rhodes' refusal to produce the telegrams which they +asked for, the committee says that he ought undoubtedly to be +disciplined for his conduct, but that it would take so much time to do +so that it would perhaps be as well to let the matter alone. + +This is one report. + +The other is much stronger in its tone. It blames everybody concerned, +and says that there is little doubt that the raid was simply a plot +arranged to make wealthy men wealthier. + +This report does not agree that the home Government is entirely +blameless. It says that it is a pity that the matter was not more fully +investigated, so that it could be thoroughly ascertained whether the +Government, and especially Mr. Joseph Chamberlain, was in truth ignorant +of the plot. + +Both reports agree that the officers who led the raiders imagined that +they were acting under orders from the British Government, and that they +have been punished more heavily than they deserved. The second report +suggests that their commissions should be restored to them. + +After the raid was over these soldiers were arrested and sent to +England, where they were tried for invading a friendly country without +proper authority. They were found guilty and sent to Holloway Jail in +London. + +When they were convicted they were one and all deprived of their +commissions in the British army. While they were only imprisoned for a +short time, and were not harshly treated in any sense, the fact of being +dismissed from the army was a very serious thing for them. + +A commission in the army means the authority by which the officer holds +his rank of Captain or Colonel--or whatever it may be--and is naturally +valued very highly by the holder. + +In England, especially, the highest class of young men go into the army +as officers, and to leave the army without wishing to, to have one's +commission taken away from one, is a great disgrace. An officer who +leaves the army at his own wish has all other careers open to him, but +one who is dismissed from the service is disgraced and cannot easily +find fresh employment, and moreover loses all the income and standing +that being an officer in the army had given him. + +This is the position of the officers who led the Transvaal raid; they +have been disgraced and deprived of their profession. + +If, indeed, they are innocent, it is only right that their commissions +should be restored to them. + + * * * * * + +The Tariff Conference has done its work very rapidly. + +After less than two weeks of discussion, this committee has prepared its +report and given it to Congress. + +It was presented to the House on the 20th of July, and after a debate of +two hours it was adopted by a vote of 185 to 115. + +The Conference had done its work so well, and had arranged the changes +in the bill in such a manner, that the House made little objection to +them. + +The measure now goes to the Senate, where it has to be readopted; but, +as the changes made by the Conference were so very slight, no doubt is +felt that it will be passed without delay. + +Unless something very unforeseen occurs, it will be in the hands of the +President before the week is out, and the Dingley Bill will then become +a law. + +There is general rejoicing that the long and tedious discussion is over, +and that Congress will be able to adjourn before many days have passed. + + * * * * * + +An interesting story comes from Paris about the new X-rays. + +According to the account which reaches us, an apparatus has been +prepared by which the Custom House officers can examine the baggage and +ascertain whether there are any dutiable articles concealed in it, +without going through all the trouble of unpacking and searching. + +It is said that cigars can be easily counted by this new process, which +promises to be a great success. + +The method of using it is very simple. + +The instrument is mounted on a large table; one of the Custom House +officers takes the fluoroscope and stands at the end of the table. Two +others seize the baggage, and piece by piece hold it in front of the +rays for examination. + +If this method is really as useful as it is declared to be, it will save +an infinite amount of trouble in our Custom House. Unfortunately there +are so many more dutiable articles in this country than in France that +it is possible even the X-rays might not be sharp enough to discover +them all. + + * * * * * + +The treaty for the annexation of Hawaii has been approved by the Senate +Committee on Foreign Relations, and returned to the Senate for +ratification. + +The committee thoroughly approved of the treaty, and sent it to the +Senate without any alteration or criticism. It therefore stands as we +explained it to you in No. 34. + +The chairman of the committee, Senator Davis, would be glad to have the +treaty ratified at once, as he thinks that speedy action would be the +best way to avoid any trouble with Japan. He has, however, been warned +that if he tries to press the treaty this session, the Senate will block +it with the lengthy discussions about which we told you. Senator Davis +therefore thinks that it will be best to let the matter rest for the +present. + +The President called a cabinet council to discuss the affairs of Hawaii, +and at the council a policy was laid down to protect our interests in +the Sandwich Islands until the treaty can be ratified. + +In accordance with this policy full instructions have been sent to +Rear-Admiral Beardslee, who is in command of the cruiser _Philadelphia_, +which is now in Hawaiian waters. + +The Admiral has been commanded to land a force of sailors and marines +and hoist the American flag over the Hawaiian Islands at the first sign +of hostility from Japan. + +As we stated before, the American fleet in Hawaiian waters is to be +reinforced by the battle-ship _Oregon_, one of our first-class cruisers. +This will give the Admiral three vessels under his command--the +_Philadelphia_, the _Oregon_, and the _Marion_. There have been several +rumors that the _Marion_ was to be recalled, because she was an +old-fashioned wooden ship, and was badly in need of repairs. She will, +however, remain where she is for the present. + + * * * * * + +Reliable information has been brought to us of an enormous find of gold +on the borders of British Columbia and Alaska. + +The accounts of the find read like a fairy-story. + +Those familiar with placer mining declare that the new gold-fields are +the richest and finest ever discovered; they say that the California +find of 1849 cannot be compared with this present one. + +The place where this great discovery has been made is on the borders of +Alaska, not many miles east of the British Columbia boundary, and +therefore on English territory. It is called the Klondike district. + +The Klondike is a river, a tributary of the Yukon River, into which it +flows above Forty Mile Creek. + +The story of the find is interesting. + +It was discovered by an old hunter named McCormick. + +McCormick had married an Indian squaw, and was therefore, according to +the custom, known by the uncomplimentary name of squaw man, and was not +much liked by other white men. + +He lived a very lonely life in his cabin, with his squaw wife and his +half-Indian children, and made his living by hunting and fishing. + +In the spring of 1896 he went up the Klondike River to fish. At the +point where this stream meets the Yukon, very large salmon are often +caught. It was for this profitable spot that McCormick set out. + +He had poor luck, however. The salmon didn't run as usual, and his +fishing expedition was a failure. + +He didn't want to go home empty-handed, and cast about for some fresh +game. In his uncertainty he bethought him that the Indians had often +told him that gold was very abundant in this region, and could be washed +out of the sand in any little pan or vessel that hunters happened to +carry. + +Failing to catch salmon, he determined to seek for gold, and, starting +off in the direction the Indians had pointed out, he soon found that +their stories were absolutely true. + +Filling his pockets with all the nuggets he could carry, he started back +with the news. + +As soon as word was spread abroad, the miners began to rush into the new +district. + +After McCormick's fishing-trip several men went prospecting, and, +finding that he had not exaggerated the greatness of his discovery, men +began to hurry to the Klondike region to take up their claims and secure +their share of the great prize. + +The work of mining this gold is very lengthy and somewhat curious. + +The Yukon region, in which the Klondike lies, is very cold. Alaska is +bounded on the north by the Arctic Ocean, and the Arctic circle runs +right through the Yukon country. You can imagine therefore that it is +terribly cold, and that the ground is frozen nearly all the year round. + +The rich pay-dirt in which the gold is found lies from eighteen to +twenty-five feet below the surface. It would not pay the miners to wait +for the short warm season when the frost is out of the ground to make +their harvest; so they have found a plan to get at the gold all the year +round, no matter how hard or frozen the earth may be. + +They build great fires on the top of the gravel, and fix them so that +they shall burn all night. When morning comes about eighteen inches of +the ground beneath the fire is found to be thawed out. This surface is +shovelled away, and another fire built on the gravel where it is frozen +again. + +They keep right on in this slow and tedious way, until finally the +pay-dirt is reached. + +The yield from these new gold-fields is something wonderful. It is +greater than anything ever recorded in the history of gold mining. + +[Illustration: ALASKA: YUKON VALLEY AND GOLD FIELDS. + +(The State of Pennsylvania is inserted to show comparative size.)] + +One miner, who is a thoroughly experienced man, declares that he is +absolutely amazed at the amount of gold that has already been produced. +He says that the work has only been commenced, and that this present +find which is setting people crazy is nothing to the gold that will be +discovered as soon as the miners really get to work. + +He stated that, in addition to the rich pay-dirt we have already spoken +of, there were veins of gold in the rocks underneath, which veins +appeared to grow richer the farther they were probed. In his opinion the +gold deposits of the Yukon region form the mother vein of all the gold +in North America. + +Many people are hurrying to the Klondike district from all parts, and +the excitement is intense. + +San Francisco has caught the gold fever. It reached the city through +some miners from Klondike, who arrived by steamer, bringing with them +piles of shining gold to prove the truth of their stories. + +Not one member of this party went up to Alaska with anything more than +his outfit and a few hundred dollars. All have brought back stores of +riches. + +The smallest amount of gold owned by any of these men was valued at five +thousand dollars, while several had as much as fifty thousand dollars' +worth. + +The luckiest people in this little band were a Mr. and Mrs. Lippey, who +left New York in April, 1896. + +Mrs. Lippey was the first woman to go over the trail to Klondike. She +went because she did not wish her husband to undertake the journey +alone, preferring to share his hardships with him. + +They brought back sixty thousand dollars' worth of gold. + +Another party has just reached Seattle, Wash., having come direct by +steamer from St. Michaels, Alaska. + +In this party there were sixty-eight people, who brought back with them +one and one-half tons of gold. This is worth nearly a million dollars. + +[Illustration: Alaskan Child and Dogsled] + +The gold is found in dust and nuggets ranging in size from a hazelnut to +fine bird-shot. + +It must not be supposed that this gold is lightly earned. Those who have +returned say that the hardships of the life are beyond description. Many +declare that no amount of gold could tempt them back, as beyond the +hard, rough life, the severe cold, and the constant labor, there is an +ever-present dread of starvation. It is difficult for any man to take in +sufficient food to last him through the long winter, and there is +hardly any possibility of obtaining more when the supplies run out. + +A company has been formed to send provisions up into the district, and +if this is done the work will be rendered much easier. + +The treasury of the United States has already begun to feel the benefit +of the Klondike gold discovery. + +The San Francisco mint has received half a million dollars' worth of the +gold, and expects another half-million by the next steamer. + +The Mint Bureau has been informed that Alaskan gold has been received at +several of the Pacific ports for shipment to the East, and the ton and a +half from Seattle is also on its way. + + * * * * * + +There has long been a movement on foot to limit the wearing of feathers +on hats. + +So many charming birds are slaughtered to adorn the headgear of our +women folks, that it has been feared some of the songsters might become +extinct. + +A law has, however, just been passed for their protection in +Massachusetts, which forbids the use of certain birds for millinery +purposes. + +The petition begging that a bill of this character might be framed by +the State Senators was drawn up by United States Senator George F. Hoar. + +The petition was supposed to come from the birds themselves, and to be +signed by thirty-five song-birds. It was written in such a delightful +manner that it roused the interest of the Massachusetts Legislature, and +the desired bill was prepared and passed in an astonishingly short space +of time. + +The document is so pretty and graceful in its tone and language that +you would certainly like to read it for yourselves. + +Here it is: + + +"_To the Great and General Court of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts:_ + +"We, the song-birds of Massachusetts and their playfellows, make this +our humble petition. We know more about you than you think we do. We +know how good you are. We have hopped about the roofs and looked in at +your windows of the houses you have built for poor and sick and hungry +people and little lame and deaf and blind children. We have built our +nests in the trees and sung many a song as we flew about the gardens and +parks you have made so beautiful for your children, especially your poor +children, to play in. Every year we fly a great way over the country, +keeping all the time where the sun is bright and warm. And we know that +whenever you do anything the people all over this great land between the +seas and the great lakes find it out, and pretty soon will try to do the +same. We know. We know. + +"We are Americans just the same as you are. Some of us, like some of +you, came across the great sea. But most of the birds like us have lived +here a long while; and the birds like us welcomed your fathers when they +came here many, many years ago. Our fathers and mothers have always done +their best to please your fathers and mothers. + +"Now, we have a sad story to tell you. Thoughtless or bad people are +trying to destroy us. They kill us because our feathers are beautiful. +Even pretty and sweet girls, who, we should think, would be our best +friends, kill our brothers and children so that they may wear our +plumage on their hats. Sometimes people kill us for mere wantonness. +Cruel boys destroy our nests and steal our eggs and our young ones. +People with guns and snares lie in wait to kill us; as if the place for +a bird were not in the sky, alive, but in a shop window or in a glass +case. If this goes on much longer all our song-birds will be gone. +Already we are told in some other countries that used to be full of +birds they are now almost gone. Even the nightingales are being killed +in Italy. + +"Now we humbly pray that you will stop all this and will save us from +this sad fate. You have always made a law that no one shall kill a +harmless song-bird or destroy our nests or our eggs. Will you please +make another one that no one shall wear our feathers, so that no one +will kill us to get them? We want them all ourselves. Your pretty girls +are pretty enough without them. We are told that it is as easy for you +to do it as for a blackbird to whistle. + +[Illustration: + +No. 1. Hummingbird. + 2. Whippoorwill. + 3. Bobolink. + 4. Scarlet Tanager. + 5. Baltimore Oriole. + 6. Song-Sparrow.] + +"If you will, we know how to pay you a hundred times over. We will teach +your children to keep themselves clean and neat. We will show them how +to live together in peace and love and to agree as we do in our nests. +We will build pretty houses which you will like to see. We will play +about your garden and flower-beds--ourselves like flowers on +wings--without any cost to you. We will destroy the wicked insects and +worms that spoil your cherries and currants and plums and apples and +roses. We will give you our best songs, and make the spring more +beautiful and the summer sweeter to you. Every June morning when you +go out into the field, oriole and bluebird and blackbird and bobolink +will fly after you and make the day more delightful to you. And when you +go home tired after sundown, vesper-sparrow will tell you how grateful +we are. When you sit down on your porch after dark, fifebird and +hermit-thrush and wood-thrush will sing to you, and even whippoorwill +will cheer you up a little. We know where we are safe. In a little while +all the birds will come to live in Massachusetts again, and everybody +who loves music will like to make a summer home with you." + +The signers are: + + Brown thrasher, Kingbird, + Robert o' Lincoln, Swallow, + Hermit-thrush, Cedarbird, + Vesper-sparrow, Cowbird, + Robin redbreast, Martin, + Song-sparrow, Veery, + Scarlet tanager, Vireo, + Summer redbird, Oriole, + Blue heron, Blackbird, + Hummingbird, Fifebird, + Yellowbird, Wren, + Whippoorwill, Linnet, + Water-wagtail, Peewee, + Woodpecker, Phoebe, + Pigeon-woodpecker, Yokebird, + Indigo-bird, Lark, + Yellowthroat, Sandpiper, + Wilson's thrush, Chewink. + Chickadee, + +The bill which was drawn up in response to this petition provides that +any one who shall wear birds or feathers for the purpose of dress or +ornament shall be fined $10, and that the same fine shall be exacted +from all persons who take or kill certain specially mentioned +song-birds. + +The police are rather worried over the new law, because they are not +sure whether they have the right to arrest ladies who are wearing +feathers in their hats. + +The Chief of Police has sent out a circular (containing a copy of the +act that has just been passed) to all milliners and dealers in birds' +feathers. + +He intends to punish these merchants if they infringe the law, and then, +when the law has had time to be generally known and understood, he +intends to arrest all women who still persist in wearing feathers in +their hats. + +New York passed a similar law last year, but the Governor refused to +sign it, because the Forest Commissioners did not approve of it. + + * * * * * + +We told you last week that President McKinley was anxious to withhold +the letters that had passed between this country and England in +reference to the seal question. + +Unfortunately his wishes have been thwarted by the publication of Mr. +Sherman's letter to Ambassador Hay. + +It is a great pity that this letter found its way into print, for it is +most unfriendly in its tone. + +It accuses Great Britain of bad faith in her method of carrying out the +terms of the Paris treaty. It declares that at the end of the first year +the United States discovered that the provisions of the Paris treaty +were not sufficient for the protection of the seals, and that this +Government immediately asked England to call a conference and reconsider +the matter. + +Great Britain put off replying to this request for three years, and now, +after all this delay, says that there is nothing to show that seal life +is in danger. + +Mr. Sherman, in his letter, complains that the English Prime Minister +bases his refusal on the report of an English scientist named Prof. +D'Arcy Thompson. This report Secretary Sherman declares to be so greatly +at variance with the reports of Dr. David Starr Jordan and the many +observations made by other distinguished naturalists, that he insists +that it is not a reliable document, but merely written to suit the +political situation. + +The publication of this correspondence has called forth much angry +comment from England. + +The result of the affair has been exactly what the President +predicted--the rousing of unnecessary bad feeling between the two +countries. + + * * * * * + +We have had a slight disagreement with the Moorish Government. + +The country of Morocco is situated on the northwest of Africa, and is +bounded on the north by the Mediterranean Sea, and on the west by the +Atlantic Ocean. + +The Straits of Gibraltar lie between Morocco and Spain, and the Pillars +of Hercules, about which you have probably heard, are the promontories +of Europe and Africa which jut out into the Mediterranean Sea at the +Straits, and are but eight miles apart. + +The European point is called the Rock of Gibraltar; the African, Abyla, +or Apes' Hill, from the number of apes that have made their home on it. + +Morocco is ruled by a Sultan, whose authority is supreme. + +The Moors, as the inhabitants of this country are called, are a very +ancient and warlike people, who were at one time a very powerful race. + +In the twelfth century they conquered Andalusia, Valencia, and a part of +Aragon in Spain, together with a portion of Portugal. In Spain they +established the Kingdom of Granada, about which so many enchanting poems +and romances have been written. + +In the city of Granada they built the famous Alhambra. This magnificent +palace and citadel was built by the Moorish kings of Granada in the +thirteenth century. The Royal Villa, the Generaliffe, which is also in +the city of Granada, was built about the same time. + +The Alhambra and the Generaliffe are considered two of the most +beautiful buildings in the world. The architecture and the decorations +are perfect in detail and execution. You must read some time Washington +Irving's "Alhambra." It is filled with interesting legends of these +Moorish palaces. + +The Moors were driven out of Spain in the fifteenth century. + +They are still a very warlike people, and have had frequent campaigns +against France and Spain. + +Their country is supposed to be very rich in minerals, but as yet it has +not been developed. + +A great part of the trade of Morocco is controlled by foreigners, and in +consequence special laws have had to be made to protect the traders. + +According to the treaty between the United States and the Sultan of +Morocco, American traders are allowed to employ two natives as agents +for the sale of their goods. These natives are given the same protection +as Americans. + +The trouble with Morocco arose from the fact that one of the native +agents, while returning from his rounds, was assaulted and robbed of +$1,200, the outrage occurring in broad daylight in front of the +consulate. + +The merchant for whom the agent was working reported the matter to the +Moorish Government, and demanded that the thieves should be arrested and +punished. + +Notwithstanding that these robbers were well-known characters, the +Moorish authorities made no attempt to bring them to justice, and paid +no attention to the protests of the Consul. + +The agent and the merchant immediately filed a claim for damages against +the Moorish Government, and the Consul cabled to this country, asking +that an American gunboat be sent to Tangier, to show the Moors that the +United States proposes to protect her citizens. + +The flag-ship _San Francisco_ and the cruiser _Raleigh_ immediately set +out for Tangier, one of the principal seaports of Morocco. + +The appearance of these vessels had a very healthy effect on the +authorities. One of the robbers was immediately arrested, and the Moors +agreed to search for the other and bring him to justice. + + * * * * * + +A story comes from Oklahoma that gophers have completely destroyed a +canal which has recently been built at an expense of $40,000. + +These gophers are little animals, striped and spotted, and about the +size of a large rat. + +The Oklahoma Canal was built to bring the waters of the river through +the town, with the idea of erecting mills all along the banks and making +Oklahoma a more prosperous city. + +It was laid out by expert engineers, and took a large amount of time and +money to build; it was five miles long. + +When the canal was completed and opened, it proved a great success; +there was sufficient force of water to turn any number of mills, and a +great era of money-making appeared to be ahead of Oklahoma. + +Unfortunately the soil through which the canal had been dug was porous +and sandy. + +Before the work had been long completed, gophers appeared on the banks +and began to burrow their holes. + +The water washed into the burrows, and soon a crevasse appeared, and the +canal swept through the sandy banks. + +Repairs were attempted, and for a long time the people were so anxious +to preserve their canal that they continued these repairs at great +expense. Finally the Canal Company became discouraged; they could no +longer afford to fight the gophers, and so they abandoned the waterway +and left the little pests the victors. + +In a very short time the canal was gone. + +The banks, riddled by the gophers, gave way, and the waters soon flowed +back into their original course. Where the canal once ran, farmers are +now ploughing and planting their crops, and Oklahoma has lost its fine +canal. + + G.H. ROSENFELD. + + * * * * * + + WE ARE PREPARING + + ==A== + + =MAP OF ALASKA= + + * * * * * + + Corrected to Date, after the Latest + Russian and Government Surveys ... + + * * * * * + + _PRICE, 10 CENTS_ + + * * * * * + + * * * * * + + EXAMINATIONS + + Have you thought of the Relief Maps for examination work? + Are you following from day to day the war in the East? + + Klemm's Relief Practice Maps + + especially adapted to examination work, as they are perfectly free + from all political details. Any examination work may be done on them. + + For following the Eastern Question use Klemm's Roman Empire, + and record each day's events. Small flags attached to pins, + and moved on a map as the armies move, keep the details + before you in a most helpful way, especially when you use + the Relief Maps. + + SAMPLE SET, RELIEF MAPS (15), $1.00 + SAMPLE ROMAN EMPIRE, - 10 CENTS + + WILLIAM BEVERLEY HARISON, - - 5 West 18th Street, N.Y. + + * * * * * + +Do you Cover your Books? + + THE "ONE PIECE" + ADJUSTABLE BOOK COVERS + +are made of the strongest and best book-cover paper obtainable. This paper +is made in large quantities especially for these book covers and will +protect books perfectly. The book covers themselves are a marvel of +ingenuity, and, although they are in one piece and can be adjusted to fit +perfectly any sized book without cutting the paper, they are also so +simple that any boy or girl can use them; as they are already gummed they +are always ready for use. + +A sample dozen will be mailed to any address for 20 cents (or ten two-cent +stamps) if you write + + WILLIAM BEVERLEY HARISON + + 3 and 5 West 18th Street, New York City + + * * * * * + + * * * * * + +TO ANY ONE SENDING US + + + =8= _NEW...._ + _SUBSCRIBERS_ + + WE WILL SEND A + + =JUNIOR RIFLE= + + 22 calibre, highly finished, with rebounding lock, case-hardened + frame, detachable barrel, automatic shell ejector. Weight 4-1/2 + pounds. + +[Illustration: Rifle] + + OR + + + =A "Shattuck New= + =Model" Shot=Gun= + + + Side-snap action, rebounding lock, walnut pistol-grip stock, patent + fore end, rubber butt, and pistol-grip cap, nickel frame, + choke-bored, twist-steel barrel. 12 or 16 gauge. + + =THE GREAT ROUND WORLD= + 3 AND 5 WEST 18TH ST. NEW YORK CITY + + * * * * * + +="The Great Round World" PRIZE CONTEST= + +THE GREAT ROUND WORLD is now over six months old, and it feels some +anxiety to know just how much interest its readers have taken in the +news and how much information they have gained from its pages. To +ascertain this, it has been decided to offer ten prizes for the best +answers to the following: + + =Name ten of the most important events that have been mentioned in + "The Great Round World" in the first 30 numbers, that is, up to + number of June 3d.= + + _In mentioning these events give briefly reasons for considering + them important._ + +This competition will be open to subscribers only, and any one desiring +to enter the competition must send to this office their name and the +date of their subscription; a number will then be given them. + +All new subscribers will be furnished with a card entitling them to +enter the competition. + +In making the selection of important events, remember that wars and +political events are not necessarily the most important. If, for +instance, the air-ship had turned out to be a genuine and successful +thing, it would have been most important as affecting the history of the +world. Or if by chance the telephone or telegraph had been invented in +this period, these inventions would have been _important_ events. + +Prizes will be awarded to those who make the best selection and who +mention the events in the best order of their importance. Answers may be +sent in any time before September 1st. + +The Great Round World does not want you to hurry over this contest, but +to take plenty of time and do the work carefully. It will be a pleasant +occupation for the summer months. + +We would advise you to take the magazines starting at No. 1, look them +over carefully, keep a note-book at your side, and jot down in it the +events that seem to you important; when you have finished them all, No. +1 to 30, look over your notes and select the ten events that seem to you +to be the most important, stating after each event your reason for +thinking it important. + +For instance: suppose you decide that the death of Dr. Ruiz was one of +these important events, you might say, "The killing of Dr. Ruiz in the +prison of Guanabacoa--because it brought the cruelties practised on +American citizens to the attention of our Government," etc., etc. + +In sending your answers put your number and the date only on them, for +the judges are not to know names and addresses of the contestants, that +there may be no favoritism shown. + +It is important to put date on, for if two or more are found of similar +standing, the one first received will be given preference. + +Address all letters to REVIEW PRIZE CONTEST DEPARTMENT, +GREAT ROUND WORLD, 3 and 5 West 18th Street, New York City. + + _Write answer on one side of the paper only_ + =Prizes will be selections from the premium catalogue= + + No. 1. Premiums as given for 15 Subscriptions + No. 2. " " " " 12 " + No. 3. " " " " 10 " + No. 4. " " " " 9 " + No. 5. " " " " 8 " + No. 6. " " " " 7 " + No. 7. " " " " 5 " + No. 8. " " " " 5 " + No. 9. " " " " 5 " + No. 10. " " " " 5 " + + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Great Round World and What Is +Going On In It, Vol. 1, No. 39, August 5, 1897, by Various + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE GREAT ROUND WORLD AND *** + +***** This file should be named 15916.txt or 15916.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/1/5/9/1/15916/ + +Produced by Juliet Sutherland and the Online Distributed +Proofreading Team.(www.pgdp.net) + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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