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diff --git a/15896.txt b/15896.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..3f5a416 --- /dev/null +++ b/15896.txt @@ -0,0 +1,4006 @@ +Project Gutenberg's Five Months at Anzac, by Joseph Lievesley Beeston + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Five Months at Anzac + A Narrative of Personal Experiences of the Officer + Commanding the 4th Field Ambulance, Australian Imperial + Force + +Author: Joseph Lievesley Beeston + +Release Date: May 24, 2005 [EBook #15896] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ASCII + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK FIVE MONTHS AT ANZAC *** + + + + +Produced by Elaine Walker and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team. + + + + +[Illustration: ANZAC COVE. +_Photo by Lieut.-Col. Millard._] + + + +FIVE MONTHS AT ANZAC + +A NARRATIVE OF PERSONAL EXPERIENCES OF +THE OFFICER COMMANDING THE 4th FIELD +AMBULANCE, AUSTRALIAN IMPERIAL FORCE + + + +BY + +JOSEPH LIEVESLEY BEESTON + +C.M.G., V.D., L.R.C.S.I., Colonel A.A.M.C. +Late O.C. 4th Field Ambulance, late A.D.M.S. +New Zealand and Australian Division + +_WITH PHOTOGRAPHS_ + + + +SYDNEY +ANGUS & ROBERTSON LTD. +89 CASTLEREAGH STREET + +1916 + +W.C. Penfold & Co. Ltd., Printers, +183 Pitt Street, Sydney. + + + +DEDICATED TO + +THE OFFICERS, NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICERS AND MEN OF +THE 4th FIELD AMBULANCE, A.I.F., OF WHOSE LOYALTY +AND DEVOTION TO DUTY THE WRITER HEREBY EXPRESSES +HIS DEEP APPRECIATION. + + + + +CONTENTS + + +THE FOURTH FIELD AMBULANCE + +THE VOYAGE + +EGYPT + +TO GALLIPOLI + +THE ANZAC LANDING + +AT WORK ON THE PENINSULA + +INCIDENTS AND YARNS + +AIR FIGHTING + +THE OFFICERS' MESS + +THE ARMISTICE + +TORPEDOING OF THE _TRIUMPH_ + +THE DESTROYERS + +THE INDIAN REGIMENTS + +THE SWIMMING + +TURKISH PRISONERS + +POST OFFICE + +SANITARY ARRANGEMENTS + +SIMPSON + +CHURCH SERVICES + +THE ENGINEERS + +TURKS ATTACK + +RED CROSS + +PREPARING FOR THE ADVANCE + +THE ATTEMPT ON SARI BAIR + +AMBULANCE WORK + +ARTILLERY + +TURKS AS FIGHTERS + + + + +THE FOURTH FIELD AMBULANCE + + +Shortly after the outbreak of War--after the first contingent had been +mobilised, and while they were undergoing training--it became evident +that it would be necessary to raise another force to proceed on the +heels of the first. Three Infantry Brigades with their Ambulances had +already been formed; orders for a fourth were now issued, and +naturally the Ambulance would be designated Fourth Field Ambulance. + +The Fourth Brigade was composed of the 13th Battalion (N.S.W.), 14th +(Victoria), 15th (Queensland) and 16th (Western Australia)--commanded +respectively by Lieutenant-Colonel Burnage, Lieutenant-Colonel +Courtnay, Lieutenant-Colonel Cannon and Lieutenant-Colonel Pope. The +Brigade was in charge of Colonel Monash, V.D., with Lieutenant-Colonel +McGlinn as his Brigade Major. + +As it will be necessary from time to time to allude to the component +parts of the Ambulance, it may be as well to describe how an ambulance +is made up. It is composed of three sections, known as A, B, and C, +the total of all ranks being 254 on a war strength. It is subdivided +into Bearer, Tent and Transport Divisions. Each section has its own +officers, and is capable of acting independently. Where there is an +extended front, it is frequently desirable to detach sections and send +them to positions where the work is heaviest. + +As the name implies, the Bearers convey the wounded to the dressing +station (or Field Hospital, as the case may be). Those in the Tent +Division dress the cases and perform nursing duties, while the +Transport Division undertakes their conveyance to Base Hospital. + +It was decided to recruit the Fourth Field Ambulance from three +States, A Section from Victoria, B from South Australia, C from +Western Australia. Recruiting started in Broadmeadows, Victoria, on +the 19th October, 1914, and thirty men enrolled from New South Wales +were included in A Section. Towards the end of November B Section from +South Australia joined us, and participated in the training. On the +22nd December we embarked on a transport forming one of a convoy of +eighteen ships. The nineteenth ship ---- joined after we left Albany. + +Details from the Ambulance were supplied to different ships and the +officers distributed among the fleet. Our last port in Australia was +Albany, which was cleared on the last day of 1914--a beautiful night +and clear day, with the sea as smooth as the proverbial glass. + + + + +THE VOYAGE + + +The convoy was under the command of Captain Brewis--a most capable and +courteous officer, but a strict disciplinarian. To a landsman, his +control of the various ships and his forethought in obtaining supplies +seemed little short of marvellous. I had the good fortune to be +associated with Captain Brewis on the passage from Colombo to +Alexandria on board the ---- and his friendship is a pleasant memory. + +The fleet was arranged in three lines, each ship being about three +lengths astern of the one ahead. The sight was most inspiriting, and +made one feel proud of the privilege of participation. The ---- towed +the submarine AE2, and kept clear of the convoy, sometimes ahead, then +astern, so that we viewed the convoy from all points. + +The day after leaving Albany a steamer, which proved to be the ----, +joined us with C Section of our Ambulance. Signals were made for the +---- ---- to move ahead and the ---- to drop astern, the ---- moving +into the vacant place. The manoeuvre was carried out in a most +seamanlike manner, and Captain Young of the ---- received many +compliments on his performance. + +Three days later a message was flagged from the ---- that Major +Stewart (who commanded the C Section of the Ambulance) was ill with +enteric, and that his condition was serious. The flagship then sent +orders (also by flag) "Colonel Beeston will proceed to ---- and will +remain there until next port. ---- to provide transport." A boat was +hoisted out, and Sergeant Draper as a nurse, Walkley my orderly, my +little dog Paddy and I were lowered from the boat deck. What appeared +smooth water proved to a long undulating swell; no water was shipped, +but the fleet at times was not visible when the boat was in the trough +of the sea. + +However, the ---- was manoeuvred so as to form a shelter, and we +gained the deck by means of the companion ladder as comfortably as if +we had been in harbour. Major Stewart's illness proved to be of such a +nature that his disembarkation at Colombo was imperative, and on our +arrival there he was left in the hospital. + +The heat in the tropics was very oppressive, and the horses suffered +considerably. One day all the ships carrying horses were turned about +and steamed for twenty minutes in the opposite direction in order to +obtain a breath of air for the poor animals. In the holds the +temperature was 90 deg. and steamy at that. The sight of horses down a +ship's hold is a novel one. Each is in a stall of such dimensions that +the animal cannot be knocked about. All heads are inwards, and each +horse has his own trough. At a certain time in the day lucerne hay is +issued. This is the signal for a prodigious amount of stamping and +noise on the part of the animals. They throw their heads about, snort +and neigh, and seem as if they would jump over the barriers in their +frantic effort to get a good feed. Horses on land are nice beasts, but +on board ship they are a totally different proposition. One +intelligent neddy stabled just outside my cabin spent the night in +stamping on an adjacent steam pipe; consequently my sleep was of a +disturbed nature, and not so restful as one might look for on a sea +voyage. When he became tired, the brute on the opposite side took up +the refrain, so that it seemed like Morse signalling on a large scale. + +We reached Colombo on the 13th January, and found a number of ships of +various nationalities in the harbour. Our convoy almost filled it. We +were soon surrounded by boats offering for sale all sorts of things, +mostly edibles. Of course no one was allowed on board. + +After arranging for Major Stewart's accommodation at the hospital, we +transferred from the ---- to the ----. The voyage was resumed on the +15th. When a few days out, one of the ships flagged that there were +two cases of appendicitis on board. The convoy was stopped; the ship +drew near ours, and lowered a boat with the two cases, which was soon +alongside. Meanwhile a large box which had been made by our carpenter +was lowered over the side by a winch on the boat deck; the cases were +placed in it and hoisted aboard, where the stretcher-bearers conveyed +them to the hospital. Examination showed that operation was necessary +in both cases, and the necessary preparations were made. + +The day was a glorious one--not a cloud in the sky, and the sea almost +oily in its smoothness. As the hospital was full of cases of measles, +it was decided to operate on deck a little aft of the hospital. A +guard was placed to keep inquisitive onlookers at a distance, and the +two operations were carried out successfully. It was a novel +experience to operate under these conditions. When one looked up from +the work, instead of the usual tiled walls of a hospital theatre, one +saw nothing but the sea and the transports. After all, they were ideal +conditions; for the air was absolutely pure and free from any kind of +germ. + +While the convoy was stopped, the opportunity was taken to transfer +Lieutenant-Colonel Bean from the ---- to the ----. There had been a +number of fatal cases on board the latter vessel, and it was deemed +advisable to place a senior officer on board. + +On arrival at Aden I had personal experience of the worth of the Red +Cross Society. A number of cases had died aboard one of the +transports, and I had to go over to investigate. The sea was fairly +rough, the boat rising and falling ten or twelve feet. For a landsman +to gain a ladder on a ship's side under these conditions is not a +thing of undiluted joy. Anyhow I missed the ladder and went into the +water. The first fear one had was that the boat would drop on one's +head; however, I was hauled on board by two hefty sailors. The +inspection finished, we were rowed back to our own ship, wet and cold. +By the time "home" was reached I felt pretty chilly; a hot bath soon +put me right, and a dressing gown was dug out of the Red Cross goods +supplied to the ship, in which I remained while my clothes were +drying. Sewn inside was a card on which was printed: "Will the +recipient kindly write his personal experiences to George W. Parker, +Daylesford, Victoria, Australia." I wrote to Mr. Parker from Suez. I +would recommend everyone sending articles of this kind to put a +similar notice inside. To be able to acknowledge kindness is as +gratifying to the recipient as the knowledge of its usefulness is to +the giver. + +The voyage to Suez (which was reached on the 28th January) was +uneventful. We arrived there about 4 in the morning and found most of +our convoy around us when we got on deck at daylight. Here we got news +of the Turks' attack on the Canal. We heard that there had been a +brush with the Turks, in which Australians had participated, and all +the ships were to be sandbagged round the bridge. Bags of flour were +used on the ----. + +The submarine cast off from the ---- outside and came alongside our +ship. I was invited to go and inspect her, and Paddy accompanied me. +On going below, however, I left him on the deck, and by some means he +slipped overboard (this appears to run in the family on this trip); +one of the crew fished him out, and he was sent up on to the ----. +When I got back I found Colonel Monash, the Brigadier, running up and +down the deck with the dog so that he would not catch cold! The +Colonel was almost as fond of the dog as I was. + + + + +EGYPT + + +All along the canal we saw troops entrenched--chiefly Indians. This at +the time was very novel--we little knew then how familiar trenches +would become. At various points--about every four or five miles-a +warship was passed. The troops on each ship stood to attention and the +bugler blew the general salute. Port Said was reached in the +afternoon, and here a great calamity overtook me. Paddy was lost! He +was seen going ashore in the boat which took the mails. Though orders +were out against any one's leaving the ship, Colonel Monash offered me +permission to go and look for him. With Sergeant Nickson and Walkley I +started off and tramped through all sorts of slums and places, without +any success. Finally we returned to the water front, where one of the +natives (a little more intelligent than the others) took me to the +Custom House close by. One of the officials could speak a little +English, and in response to my enquiry he turned up a large book. Then +I saw, among a lot of Egyptian writing, PADDY 4 A.M.C. MORMON. This +corresponded to his identity disc, which was round his neck. He was +out at the abattoirs, where after a three-mile drive we obtained him. +His return to the ship was hailed by the men with vociferous cheers. + +On arrival at Alexandria we made arrangements for the disembarkation +of all our sick, Lieutenant-Colonel Beach superintending their +transport. We left soon after by rail for Heilwan, arriving after +nightfall. A guide was detailed to conduct us to camp, and we set out +to march a couple of miles across the desert. It was quite cold, so +that the march was rather good; but, loaded as we were, in full +marching order and soft after a long sea voyage, it was a stiff tramp. +In the pitch dark, as silent as the grave, we stumbled along, and +finally arrived at the camp outside Heliopolis, a place known as the +Aerodrome. + +Lieutenant-Colonel Sutherland and Major Helsham were camped with their +Ambulance close by, and with most kindly forethought had pitched our +tents for us. We just lay down in our greatcoats and slept until +morning. Our Brigade was camped just across the road, and formed part +of the New Zealand and Australian Division under General Sir Alexander +Godley. + +Training soon began, and everyone seemed full of the idea of making +himself "fit." Our peace camps and continuous training at home look +very puny and small in comparison with the work which now occupied our +time. At manoeuvres the number of troops might be anything up to +thirty thousand. To march in the rear of such a column meant that each +of the Ambulances soon swallowed its peck of dirt. But with it all we +were healthy and vigorous. As an Ambulance we practiced all sorts of +movements. Under supposition that we might have to retreat suddenly, +the whole camp would be struck, packed on the waggon and taken down +the Suez road, where it was pitched again, ready to receive patients; +then tents would be struck and a return made to camp. Or we would make +a start after nightfall and practise the movements without lights; the +transport handling the horses in the dark. Or the different sections +would march out independently, and concentrate on a point agreed upon. +It was great practice, but in the end not necessary; for we went, not +to France, as we expected, but to Gallipoli, where we had no horses. +However, it taught the men to believe in themselves. That period of +training was great. Everyone benefited, and by the beginning of April +we felt fit for anything. + +We were exceedingly well looked after in the way of a standing camp. +Sand of course was everywhere, but when watered it became quite hard, +and the quadrangle made a fine drill ground. Each unit had a mess +house in which the men had their meals; there was an abundant supply +of water obtained from the Nile, so that shower baths were plentiful. +Canteens were established, and the men were able to supplement their +rations. The Y.M.C.A. erected buildings for the men's entertainment, +which served an excellent purpose in keeping the troops in camp. +Cinematographs showed pictures, and all round the camp dealers +established shops, so that there was very little inducement for men to +leave at night. A good deal of our time was occupied in weeding out +undesirables from the Brigade. Thank goodness, I had not to send a man +from the Ambulance back for this reason. + +Apart from the instructive side of our stay in Egypt, the sojourn was +most educational. We were camped just on the edge of the Land of +Goshen; the place where Joseph obtained his wife was only about a mile +away from my tent, and the well where the Virgin Mother rested with +our Saviour was in close proximity. The same water wheels are here as +are mentioned in the Bible, and one can see the camels and asses +brought to water, and the women going to and fro with pitchers on +their heads. Then in the museum in Cairo one could see the mummy of +the Pharaoh of Joseph's time. All this made the Bible quite the most +interesting book to read. + +The troops having undergone pretty strenuous training, we were +inspected by Sir Ian Hamilton, who was to command us in the +forthcoming campaign. Then, early in April, the commanding officers of +units were assembled at Headquarters and the different ships allotted. +Finally, on the evening of the 11th April, our camp was struck, and; +we bade good-bye to Heliopolis. The waggons were packed and the +Ambulance moved off, marching to the Railway Station in Cairo. +Nine-thirty was the time fixed for our entraining, and we were there +on the minute--and it was as well that such was the case, for General +Williams stood at the gate to watch proceedings. + +The waggons with four horses (drivers mounted, of course) were taken +at a trot up an incline, through a narrow gateway on to the platform. +The horses were then taken out and to the rear, and the waggons placed +on the trucks by Egyptian porters. + +We had 16 vehicles, 69 horses, 10 officers and 245 men. The whole were +entrained in 35 minutes. The General was very pleased with the +performance, and asked me to convey his approbation to the men. +Certainly they did well. + + + + +TO GALLIPOLI + + +At midnight we left Cairo and arrived at daybreak at Alexandria, the +train running right on to the wharf, alongside which was the transport +to convey us to Gallipoli--the Dardanelles we called it then. Loading +started almost immediately, and I found that I--who in ordinary life +am a peaceful citizen and a surgeon by profession--had to direct +operations by which our waggons were to be removed from the railway +trucks on to the wharf and thence to the ship's hold. Men with some +knowledge of the mysteries of steam winches had to be specially +selected and instructed in these duties, and I--well, beyond at times +watching a ship being loaded at Newcastle, I was as innocent of their +details as the unborn babe. However, everyone went at it, and the +transport was loaded soon after dinner. We had the New Zealand Battery +of Artillery, Battery Ammunition Column, 14th Battalion Transport and +Army Service Corps with us, the whole numbering 560 men and 480 +horses. At 4 p.m. the ship cast off, and we went to the outer harbour +and began to shake down. The same hour the next day saw us under weigh +for the front. The voyage was quite uneventful, the sea beautifully +calm, and the various islands in the Egean Sea most picturesque. Three +days later we arrived at Lemnos, and found the harbour (which is of +considerable size) packed with warships and transports. I counted 20 +warships of various sizes and nationalities. The _Agamemnon_ was just +opposite us, showing signs of the damage she had received in the +bombardment of the Turkish forts a couple of months before. We stayed +here a week, and every day practised going ashore in boats, each man +in full marching order leaving the ship by the pilot ladder. + +It is extraordinary how one adapts oneself to circumstances. For years +it has been almost painful to me to look down from a height; as for +going down a ladder, in ordinary times I could not do it. However, +here there was no help for it; a commanding officer cannot order his +men to do what he will not do himself, so up and down we went in full +marching order. Bearer work was carried out among the stony hills +which surround the harbour. + +Finally, on the 24th April, the whole armada got under weigh, headed +by the _Queen Elizabeth_, or as the men affectionately termed her, +"Lizzie." We had been under steam for only about four hours when a +case of smallpox was reported on board. As the captain informed me he +had time to spare, we returned to Lemnor and landed the man, +afterwards proceeding on our journey. At night the ship was darkened. +Our ship carried eight horse-boats, which were to be used by the 29th +Division in their landing at Cape Helles. + +Just about dawn on Sunday the 25th I came on deck and could see the +forms of a number of warships in close proximity to us, with +destroyers here and there and numbers of transports. Suddenly one ship +fired a gun, and then they were all at it, the Turks replying in quick +time from the forts on Seddul Bahr, as well as from those on the +Asiatic side. None of our ships appeared to be hit, but great clouds +of dust were thrown up in the forts opposite us. Meanwhile destroyers +were passing us loaded with troops, and barges filled with grim and +determined-looking men were being towed towards the shore. One could +not help wondering how many of them would be alive in an hour's time. +Slowly they neared the cliffs; as the first barge appeared to ground, +a burst of fire broke out along the beach, alternately rifles and +machine guns. The men leaped out of the barges--almost at once the +firing on the beach ceased, and more came from halfway up the cliff. +The troops had obviously landed, and were driving the Turks back. +After a couple of hours the top of the cliff was gained; there the +troops became exposed to a very heavy fire from some batteries of +artillery placed well in the rear, to which the warships attended as +soon as they could locate them. The _Queen Elizabeth_ was close by us, +apparently watching a village just under the fort. Evidently some guns +were placed there. She loosed off her two fifteen-inch guns, and after +the dust had cleared away we could see that new streets had been made +for the inhabitants. Meanwhile the British had gained the top and were +making headway, but losing a lot of men--one could see them falling +everywhere. + + + + +THE ANZAC LANDING + + +The horse-boats having been got overboard, we continued our voyage +towards what is now know as Anzac. Troops--Australians and New +Zealanders--were being taken ashore in barges. Warships were firing +apparently as fast as they could load, the Turks replying with equal +cordiality. In fact, as Captain Dawson remarked to me, it was quite +the most "willing" Sunday he had ever seen. + +Our troops were ascending the hills through a dwarf scrub, just low +enough to let us see the men's heads, though sometimes we could only +locate them by the glint of the bayonets in the sunshine. Everywhere +they were pushing on in extended order, but many falling. The Turks +appeared to have the range pretty accurately. About mid-day our men +seemed to be held up, the Turkish shrapnel appearing to be too much +for them. It was now that there occurred what I think one of the +finest incidents of the campaign. This was the landing of the +Australian Artillery. They got two of their guns ashore, and over very +rough country dragged them up the hills with what looked like a +hundred men to each. Up they went, through a wheat-field, covered and +plastered with shrapnel, but with never a stop until the crest of the +hill on the right was reached. Very little time was wasted in getting +into action, and from this time it became evident that we were there +to stay. + +The practice of the naval guns was simply perfect. They lodged shell +after shell just in front of the foremost rank of our men; in response +to a message asking them to clear one of the gullies, one ship placed +shell after shell up that gully, each about a hundred yards apart, and +in as straight a line as if they were ploughing the ground for Johnny +Turk, instead of making the place too hot to hold him. + +The Turks now began to try for this warship, and in their endeavours +almost succeeded in getting the vessel we were on, as a shell burst +right overhead. + +The wounded now began to come back, and the one hospital ship there +was filled in a very short time. Every available transport was then +utilised for the reception of casualties, and as each was filled she +steamed off to the base at Alexandria. As night came on we appeared to +have a good hold of the place, and orders came for our bearer division +to land. They took with them three days' "iron" rations, which +consisted of a tin of bully beef, a bag of small biscuits, and some +tea and sugar, dixies, a tent, medical comforts, and (for firewood) +all the empty cases we could scrape up in the ship. Each squad had a +set of splints, and every man carried a tourniquet and two roller +bandages in his pouch. Orders were issued that the men were to make +the contents of their water-bottles last three days, as no water was +available on shore. + +The following evening the remainder of the Ambulance, less the +transport, was ordered ashore. We embarked in a trawler, and steamed +towards the shore in the growing dusk as far as the depth of water +would allow. The night was bitterly cold, it was raining, and all felt +this was real soldiering. None of us could understand what occasioned +the noise we heard at times, of something hitting the iron deck houses +behind us; at last one of the men exclaimed: "Those are bullets, sir," +so that we were having our baptism of fire. It was marvellous that no +one was hit, for they were fairly frequent, and we all stood closely +packed. Finally the skipper of the trawler, Captain Hubbard, told me +he did not think we could be taken off that night, and therefore +intended to drop anchor. He invited Major Meikle and myself to the +cabin, where the cook served out hot tea to all hands. I have drunk a +considerable number of cups of tea in my time, but that mug was very, +very nice. The night was spent dozing where we stood, Paddy being very +disturbed with the noise of the guns. + +At daylight a barge was towed out and, after placing all our equipment +on board, we started for the beach. As soon as the barge grounded, we +jumped out into the water (which was about waist deep) and got to dry +land. Colonel Manders, the A.D.M.S. of our Division, was there, and +directed us up a gully where we were to stay in reserve for the time +being, meantime to take lightly-wounded cases. One tent was pitched +and dug-outs made for both men and patients, the Turks supplying +shrapnel pretty freely. Our position happened to be in rear of a +mountain battery, whose guns the Turks appeared very anxious to +silence, and any shells the battery did not want came over to us. As +soon as we were settled down I had time to look round. Down on the +beach the 1st Casualty Clearing Station (under Lieutenant-Colonel +Giblin) and the Ambulance of the Royal Marine Light Infantry were at +work. There were scores of casualties awaiting treatment, some of them +horribly knocked about. It was my first experience of such a number of +cases. In civil practice, if an accident took place in which three or +four men were injured, the occurrence would be deemed out of the +ordinary: but here there were almost as many hundreds, and all the +flower of Australia. It made one feel really that, in the words of +General Sherman, "War is hell," and it seemed damnable that it should +be in the power of one man, even if be he the German Emperor, to +decree that all these men should be mutilated or killed. The great +majority were just coming into manhood with all their life before +them. The stoicism and fortitude with which they bore their pain was +truly remarkable. Every one of them was cheery and optimistic; there +was not a murmur; the only requests were for a cigarette or a drink of +water. One felt very proud of these Australians, each waiting his turn +to be dressed without complaining. It really quite unnerved me for a +time. However, it was no time to allow the sentimental side of one's +nature to come uppermost. + +I watched the pinnaces towing the barges in. Each pinnace belonged to +a warship and was in charge of a midshipman--dubbed by his shipmates a +"snotty." This name originates from the days of Trafalgar. The little +chaps appear to have suffered from chronic colds in the head, with the +usual accompaniment of a copious flow from the nasal organs. Before +addressing an officer the boys would clean their faces by drawing the +sleeve of their jacket across the nose; and, I understand that this +practice so incensed Lord Nelson that he ordered three brass buttons +to be sewn on the wristbands of the boys' jackets. However, this is by +the way. These boys, of all ages from 14 to 16, were steering their +pinnaces with supreme indifference to the shrapnel falling about, +disdaining any cover and as cool as if there was no such thing as war. +I spoke to one, remarking that they were having a great time. He was a +bright, chubby, sunny-faced little chap, and with a smile said: "Isn't +it beautiful, sir? When we started, there were sixteen of us, and now +there are only six!" This is the class of man they make officers out +of in Britain's navy, and while this is so there need be no fear of +the result of any encounter with the Germans. + +Another boy, bringing a barge full of men ashore, directed them to lie +down and take all the cover they could, he meanwhile steering the +pinnace and standing quite unconcernedly with one foot on the boat's +rail. + + + + +AT WORK ON THE PENINSULA + + +Casualties began to come in pretty freely, so that our tent was soon +filled. We now commenced making dug-outs in the side of the gully and +placing the men in these. Meantime stores of all kinds were being +accumulated on the beach--stacks of biscuits, cheese and preserved +beef, all of the best. One particular kind of biscuit, known as the +"forty-niners," had forty-nine holes in it, was believed to take +forty-nine years to bake, and needed forty-nine chews to a bite. But +there were also beautiful hams and preserved vegetables, and with +these and a tube of Oxo a very palatable soup could be prepared. A +well-known firm in England puts up a tin which they term an Army +Ration, consisting of meat and vegetables, nicely seasoned and very +palatable. For a time this ration was eagerly looked for and +appreciated, but later on, when the men began to get stale, it did not +agree with them so well; it appeared to be too rich for many of us. We +had plenty of jam, of a kind--one kind. Oh! how we used to revile the +maker of "Damson and Apple'!" The damson coloured it, and whatever +they used for apple gave it body. + +One thing was good all the time, and that was the tea. The brand never +wavered, and the flavour was always full. Maynard could always make a +good cup of it. It has been already mentioned that water was not at +first available on shore. This was soon overcome, thanks to the Navy. +They convoyed water barges from somewhere, which they placed along +shore; the water was then pumped into our water carts, and the men +filled their water-bottles from them. The water, however, never +appeared to quench our thirst. It was always better made up into tea, +or taken with lime juice when we could get it. + +Tobacco, cigarettes and matches were on issue, but the tobacco was of +too light a brand for me, so that Walkley used to trade off my share +of the pernicious weed for matches. The latter became a precious +commodity. I have seen three men light their pipes from one match. +Captain Welch was very independent; he had a burning glass, and +obtained his light from the sun. After a few days the R.M.L.I. were +ordered away, and we were directed to take up their position on the +beach. A place for operating was prepared by putting sandbags at +either end, the roof being formed by planks covered with sandbags and +loose earth. Stanchions of 4 x 4 in. timber were driven into the +ground, with crosspieces at a convenient height; the stretcher was +placed on these, and thus an operating table was formed. Shelves were +made to hold our instruments, trays and bottles; these were all in +charge of Staff-Sergeant Henderson, a most capable and willing +assistant. Close by a kitchen was made, and a cook kept constantly +employed keeping a supply of hot water, bovril, milk and biscuits +ready for the men when they came in wounded, for they had to be fed as +well as medically attended to. + + + + +INCIDENTS AND YARNS + + +One never ceased admiring our men, and their cheeriness under these +circumstances and their droll remarks caused us many a laugh. One man, +just blown up by a shell, informed us that it was a ---- of a +place--'no place to take a lady.' Another told of the mishap to his +"cobber," who picked up a bomb and blew on it to make it light; "all +at once it blew his ---- head off--Gorblime! you would have laughed!" +For lurid and perfervid language commend me to the Australian Tommy. +Profanity oozes from him like music from a barrel organ. At the same +time, he will give you his idea of the situation, almost without +exception in an optimistic strain, generally concluding his +observation with the intimation that "We gave them hell." I have seen +scores of them lying wounded and yet chatting one to another while +waiting their turn to be dressed. The stretcher-bearers were a fine +body of men. Prior to this campaign, the Army Medical Corps was always +looked upon as a soft job. In peacetime we had to submit to all sorts +of flippant remarks, and were called Linseed Lancers, Body-snatchers, +and other cheery and jovial names; but, thanks to Abdul and the +cordiality of his reception, the A.A.M.C. can hold up their heads with +any of the fighting troops. It was a common thing to hear men say: +"This beach is a hell of a place! The trenches are better than this." +The praises of the stretcher-bearers were in all the men's mouths; +enough could not be said in their favour. Owing to the impossibility +of landing the transport, all the wounded had to be carried; often for +a distance of a mile and a half, in a blazing sun, and through +shrapnel and machine-gun fire. But there was never a flinch; through +it all they went, and performed their duty. Of our Ambulance 185 men +and officers landed, and when I relinquished command, 43 remained. At +one time we were losing so many bearers, that carrying during the +day-time was abandoned, and orders were given that it should only be +undertaken after night-fall. On one occasion a man was being sent off +to the hospital ship from our tent in the gully. He was not very bad, +but he felt like being carried down. As the party went along the +beach, Beachy Bill became active; one of the bearers lost his leg, the +other was wounded, but the man who was being carried down got up and +ran! All the remarks I have made regarding the intrepidity and valour +of the stretcher-bearers apply also to the regimental bearers. These +are made up from the bandsmen. Very few people think, when they see +the band leading the battalion in parade through the streets, what +happens to them on active service. Here bands are not thought of; the +instruments are left at the base, and the men become bearers, and +carry the wounded out of the front line for the Ambulance men to care +for. Many a stretcher-bearer has deserved the V.C. + +One of ours told me they had reached a man severely wounded in the +leg, in close proximity to his dug-out. After he had been placed on +the stretcher and made comfortable, he was asked whether there was +anything he would like to take with him. He pondered a bit, and then +said: "Oh! you might give me my diary--I would like to make a note of +this before I forget it!" + +It can be readily understood that in dealing with large bodies of men, +such as ours, a considerable degree of organization is necessary, in +order to keep an account, not only of the man, but of the nature of +his injury (or illness, as the case may be) and of his destination. +Without method chaos would soon reign. As each casualty came in he was +examined, and dressed or operated upon as the necessity arose. +Sergeant Baxter then got orders from the officer as to where the case +was to be sent. A ticket was made out, containing the man's name, his +regimental number, the nature of his complaint, whether morphia had +been administered and the quantity, and finally his destination. All +this was also recorded in our books, and returns made weekly, both to +headquarters and to the base. Cases likely to recover in a fortnight's +time were sent by fleet-sweeper to Mudros; the others were embarked on +the hospital ship. They were placed in barges, and towed out by a +pinnace to a trawler, and by that to the hospital ship, where the +cases were sorted out. When once they had left the beach, our +knowledge of them ceased, and of course our responsibility. One man +arriving at the hospital ship was describing, with the usual +picturesque invective, how the bullet had got into his shoulder. One +of the officers, who apparently was unacquainted with the Australian +vocabulary, said: "What was that you said, my man?" The reply came, "A +blightah ovah theah put a bullet in heah." + +At a later period a new gun had come into action on our left, which +the men christened "Windy Annie." Beachy Bill occupied the olive +grove, and was on our right. Annie was getting the range of our +dressing station pretty accurately, and requisition on the Engineers +evoked the information that sandbags were not available. However, the +Army Service came to our rescue with some old friends, the +"forty-niners." Three tiers of these in their boxes defied the shells +just as they defied our teeth. + +As the sickness began to be more manifest, it became necessary to +enlarge the accommodation in our gully. The hill was dug out, and the +soil placed in bags with which a wall was built, the intervening +portion being filled up with the remainder of the hill. By this means +we were able to pitch a second tent and house more of those who were +slightly ill. It was in connection with this engineering scheme that I +found the value of W.O. Cosgrove. He was possessed of a good deal of +the _suaviter in modo_, and it was owing to his dextrous handling of +Ordnance that we got such a fine supply of bags. This necessitated a +redistribution of dug-outs, and a line of them was constructed +sufficient to take a section of bearers. The men christened this +"Shrapnel Avenue." They called my dug-out "The Nut," because it held +the "Kernel." I offer this with every apology. It's not my joke. + +The new dug-outs were not too safe. Murphy was killed there one +afternoon, and Claude Grime badly wounded later on. Claude caused a +good deal of amusement. He had a rooted objection to putting on +clothes and wore only a hat, pants, boots and his smile. Consequently +his body became quite mahogany-coloured. When he was wounded he was +put under an anaesthetic so that I could search for the bullet. As the +anaesthetic began to take effect, Claude talked the usual +unintelligible gibberish. Now, we happened to have a Turkish prisoner +at the time, and in the midst of Claude's struggles and shouts in +rushed an interpreter. He looked round, and promptly came over to +Claude, uttering words which I suppose were calculated to soothe a +wounded Turk; and we had some difficulty in assuring him that the +other man, not Claude, was the Turk he was in quest of. + +[Illustration: 4th Field Ambulance in Head Quarters Gully.] + +[Illustration: 4th Field Ambulance Dressing Station on the beach.] + +[Illustration: My Dug-out.] + +[Illustration: Major Clayton and Captain Dawson.] + + + + +AIR FIGHTING + + +The German aeroplanes flew over our gully pretty regularly. As first +we were rather perturbed, as they had a nasty habit of dropping bombs, +but as far as I know they never did any damage. Almost all the bombs +dropped into the water. One of them sent some steel arrows down, about +six or eight inches in length, with a metal point something like a +carpenter's bit. In order to conceal our tents, we covered them with +holly-bushes, cut and placed over the canvas. Our aeroplanes were +constantly up, and were easily recognised by a red ring painted +underneath, while the Taube was adorned with a large black cross; but +after we had been there a little time we found it was not necessary to +use glasses in order to ascertain whose flying machine was over us; we +were able to tell by listening, as their engines had a different sound +from those belonging to us. + +Our aeroplanes were the source of a good deal of annoyance to the +Turks. They continually fired at them, but, as far as I was able to +judge, never went within cooee of one. The bursts of shrapnel away in +the air made a pretty sight, puffs of white smoke like bits of +cotton-wool in succession, and the aeroplane sailing unconcernedly +along. It appears to be very difficult to judge distance away in the +air, and even more difficult to estimate the rate at which the object +is travelling. What became of the shell-cases of the shrapnel used to +puzzle us. One day Walkley remarked that it was peculiar that none +fell on us. I replied "surely there is plenty of room other than where +we are for them to fall." Scarcely were the words uttered than down +one came close by. We knew it was a case from above and not one fired +direct, because the noise was so different. + +The hydroplanes used by the Navy were interesting. Floating on the +water, they would gather way and soar upwards like a bird. Their +construction was different from that of the aeroplanes. + +A captive balloon was used a good deal to give the ranges for the +warships. It was carried on the forepart of a steamer and was, I +believe, in connection with it by telephone or wireless. + + + + +THE OFFICERS' MESS + + +We kept up the custom of having an officers' mess right through the +campaign. When we first landed, while everything was in confusion, +each man catered for himself; but it was a lonely business, and not +conducive to health. When a man cooked his own rations he probably did +not eat much. So a dug-out was made close to the hospital tent, and we +all had our meals together. A rather pathetic incident occurred one +day. Just after we had finished lunch three of us were seated, talking +of the meals the "Australia" provided, when a fragment of shell came +through the roof on to the table and broke one of the enamel plates. +This may seem a trivial affair and not worth grousing about; but the +sorry part of it was that we only had one plate each, and this loss +entailed one man having to wait until the others had finished their +banquet. + +I have elsewhere alluded to the stacks of food on the beach. Amongst +them bully beef was largely in evidence. Ford, our cook, was very good +in always endeavouring to disguise the fact that "Bully" was up again. +He used to fry it; occasionally he got curry powder from the Indians +and persuaded us that the resultant compound was curried goose; but it +was bully beef all the time. Then he made what he called +rissoles--onions entered largely into their framework, and when you +opened them you wanted to get out into the fresh air. Preserved +potatoes, too, were very handy. We had them with our meat, and what +remained over we put treacle on, and ate as pancakes. Walkley and +Betts obtained flour on several occasions, and made very presentable +pancakes. John Harris, too, was a great forager--he knew exactly where +to put his hand on decent biscuits, and the smile with which he landed +his booty made the goods toothsome in the extreme. Harris had a +gruesome experience. One day he was seated on a hill, talking to a +friend, when a shell took the friend's head off and scattered his +brains over Harris. + +Before leaving the description of the officers' mess, I must not omit +to introduce our constant companions, the flies. As Australians we +rather prided ourselves on our judgment regarding these pests, and in +Gallipoli we had every opportunity of putting our faculties to the +test. There were flies, big horse flies, blue flies, green flies, and +flies. They turned up everywhere and with everything. While one was +eating one's food with the right hand, one had to keep the left going +with a wisp, and even then the flies beat us. Then we always had the +comforting reflection of those dead Turks not far away--the distance +being nothing to a fly. In order to get a little peace at one meal in +the day, our dinner hour was put back until dusk. Men wounded had a +horrible time. Fortunately we had a good supply of mosquito netting +purchased with the Red Cross money. It was cut up into large squares +and each bearer had a supply. + + + + +THE ARMISTICE + + +On the 23rd of May anyone looking down the coast could see a man on +Gaba Tepe waving a white flag. He was soon joined by another occupied +in a like manner. Some officers came into the Ambulance and asked for +the loan of some towels; we gave them two, which were pinned together +with safety pins. White flags don't form part of the equipment of +Australia's army. + +Seven mounted men had been observed coming down Gaba Tepe, and they +were joined on the beach by our four. The upshot was that one was +brought in blindfolded to General Birdwood. Shortly after we heard it +announced that a truce had been arranged for the following day in +order to bury the dead. + +The following morning Major Millard and I started from our right and +walked up and across the battle-field. It was a stretch of country +between our lines and those of the Turks, and was designated No Man's +Land. At the extreme right there was a small farm; the owner's house +occupied part of it, and was just as the man had left it. Our guns had +knocked it about a good deal. In close proximity was a field of wheat, +in which there were scores of dead Turks. As these had been dead +anything from a fortnight to three weeks their condition may be better +imagined than described. One body I saw was lying with the leg +shattered. He had crawled into a depression in the ground and lay with +his great-coat rolled up for a pillow; the stains on the ground showed +that he had bled to death, and it can only be conjectured how long he +lay there before death relieved him of his sufferings. Scores of the +bodies were simply riddled with bullets. Midway between the trenches a +line of Turkish sentries were posted. Each was in a natty blue uniform +with gold braid, and top boots, and all were done "up to the nines." +Each stood by a white flag on a pole stuck in the ground. We buried +all the dead on our side of this line and they performed a similar +office for those on their side. Stretchers were used to carry the +bodies, which were all placed in large trenches. The stench was awful, +and many of our men wore handkerchiefs over their mouths in their +endeavour to escape it. I counted two thousand dead Turks. One I +judged to be an officer of rank, for the bearers carried him +shoulder-high down a gully to the rear. The ground was absolutely +covered with rifles and equipment of all kinds, shell-cases and caps, +and ammunition clips. The rifles were all collected and the bolts +removed to prevent their being used again. Some of the Turks were +lying right on our trenches, almost in some of them. The Turkish +sentries were peaceable-looking men, stolid in type and of the peasant +class mostly. We fraternised with them and gave them cigarettes and +tobacco. Some Germans were there, but they viewed us with malignant +eyes. When I talked to Colonel Pope about it afterwards he said the +Germans were a mean lot of beggars: "Why," said he most indignantly, +"they came and had a look into my trenches." I asked "What did you do?" +He replied, "Well, I had a look at theirs." + + + + +TORPEDOING OF THE _TRIUMPH_ + + +The day after the armistice, at fifteen minutes after noon, I was in +my dug-out when one of the men exclaimed that something was wrong with +the _Triumph_. I ran out and was in time to see the fall of the water +sent up by the explosive. It was a beautifully calm day, and the ship +was about a mile and a quarter from us; she had a decided list towards +us, and it was evident that something was radically wrong. With +glasses one could see the men lined up in two ranks as if on parade, +without the least confusion. Then two destroyers went over and put +their noses on each side of the big ship's bows; all hands from the +_Triumph_ marched aboard the destroyers. She was gradually heeling +over, and all movables were slipping into the sea. One of the +destroyers barked three or four shots at something which we took to be +the submarine. In fifteen minutes the _Triumph_ was keel up, the water +spurting from her different vent pipes as it was expelled by the +imprisoned air. She lay thus for seventeen minutes, gradually getting +lower and lower in the water, when quietly her stern rose and she +slipped underneath, not a ripple remaining to show where she had sunk. +I have often read of the vortex caused by a ship sinking, but as far +as I could see there was in this case not the slightest disturbance. +It was pathetic to see this beautiful ship torpedoed and in thirty-two +minutes at the bottom of the sea. I believe the only lives lost were +those of men injured by the explosion. Meanwhile five destroyers came +up from Helles at a terrific speed, the water curling from their bows; +they and all the other destroyers circled round and round the bay, but +the submarine lay low and got off. Her commander certainly did his job +well. + + + + +THE DESTROYERS + + +After the torpedoing of the _Triumph_ here, and the _Majestic_ in the +Straits all the big ships left and went to Mudros, as there was no +sense in leaving vessels costing over a million each to the mercy of +submarines. This gave the destroyers the chance of their lives. Up to +this they had not been allowed to speak, but now they took on much of +the bombardment required. They were constantly nosing about, and the +slightest movement on the part of the Turks brought forth a bang from +one of their guns. If a Turk so much as winked he received a rebuke +from the destroyer. The Naval men all appeared to have an unbounded +admiration for the Australians as soldiers, and boats rarely came +ashore without bringing some fresh bread or meat or other delicacy; +their tobacco, too, was much sought after. It is made up from the +leaf, and rolled up in spun yarn. The flavour is full, and after a +pipe of it--well, you feel that you have had a smoke. + + + + +THE INDIAN REGIMENTS + + +We had a good many Indian regiments in the Army Corps. The mountain +battery occupied a position on "Pluggey's Plateau" in the early stage +of the campaign, and they had a playful way of handing out the +shrapnel to the Turks. It was placed in boiling water to soften the +resin in which the bullets are held. By this means the bullets spread +more readily, much to the joy of the sender and the discomfiture of +Abdul. The Indians were always very solicitous about their wounded. +When one came in to be attended to, he was always followed by two of +his chums bearing, one a water bottle, the other some food, for their +caste prohibits their taking anything directly from our hands. When +medicine had to be administered, the man came in, knelt down, and +opened his mouth, and the medicine was poured into him without the +glass touching his lips. Food was given in the same way. I don't know +how they got on when they were put on the ship. When one was killed, +he was wrapped up in a sheet and his comrades carried him +shoulder-high to their cemetery, for they had a place set apart for +their own dead. They were constantly squatting on their haunches +making a sort of pancake. I tasted one; but it was too fatty and I +spat it out, much to the amusement of the Indians. + +One of them saw the humorous side of life. He described to Mr. +Henderson the different attitudes adopted towards Turkish shells by +the British, Indian and Australian soldiers. "British Tommy," said he, +"Turk shell, Tommy says 'Ah!' Turk shell, Indian say 'Oosh!' +Australian say 'Where the hell did that come from?'" + +The Divisional Ammunition Column was composed of Sikhs, and they were +a brave body of men. It was their job to get the ammunition to the +front line, so that they were always fair targets for the Turks. The +mules were hitched up in threes, one in rear of the other, each mule +carrying two boxes of ammunition. The train might number anything from +15 to 20 mules. All went along at a trot, constantly under fire. When +a mule was hit he was unhitched, the boxes of ammunition were rolled +off, and the train proceeded; nothing stopped them. It was the same if +one of the men became a casualty; he was put on one side to await the +stretcher-bearers--but almost always one of the other men appeared +with a water bottle. + +They were very adept in the management of mules. Frequently a block +would occur while the mule train occupied a sap; the mules at times +became fractious and manipulated their hind legs with the most +marvellous precision--certainly they placed a good deal of weight in +their arguments. But in the midst of it all, when one could see +nothing but mules' heels, straps and ammunition boxes, the Indian +drivers would talk to their charges and soothe them down. I don't know +what they said, but presume it resembled the cooing, coaxing and +persuasive tongue of our bullock-driver. The mules were all stalled in +the next gully to ours, and one afternoon three or four of us were +sitting admiring the sunset when a shell came over. It was different +from that usually sent by Abdul, being seemingly formed of paper and +black rag; someone suggested, too, that there was a good deal of +faultiness in the powder. From subsequent inquiries we found that what +we saw going over our dug-outs was Mule! A shell had burst right in +one of them, and the resultant mass was what we had observed. The +Ceylon Tea Planter's Corps was bivouacked just below us and were +having tea at the time; their repast was mixed with mule. + +Donkeys formed part of the population of the Peninsula. I am referring +here to the four-footed variety, though, of course, others were in +evidence at times. The Neddies were docile little beasts, and did a +great deal of transport work. When we moved out in August, orders were +issued that all equipment was to be carried. I pointed out a drove of +ten of these little animals, which appeared handy and without an +owner, and suggested to the men that they would look well with our +brand on. It took very little time to round them up, cut a cross in +the hair on their backs and place a brassard round their ears. They +were then our property. The other type of donkey generally indulged in +what were known as Furfys or Beachograms. Furfy originated in +Broadmeadows, Victoria; the second title was born in the Peninsula. +The least breath of rumour ran from mouth to mouth in the most +astonishing way. Talk about a Bush Telegraph! It is a tortoise in its +movements compared with a Beachogram. The number of times that Achi +Baba fell cannot be accurately stated but it was twice a day at the +least. A man came in to be dressed on one occasion; suddenly some +pretty smart rifle fire broke out on the right. "Hell!" said the man, +"what's up?" "Oh!" said Captain Dawson, "There's a war on--didn't you +hear about it?" + + + + +THE SWIMMING + + +One thing that was really good in Anzac was the swimming. At first we +used to dive off the barges; then the Engineers built Watson's pier, +at the end of which the water was fifteen feet deep and as clear as +crystal, so that one could see every pebble at the bottom. At times +the water was very cold, but always invigorating. General Birdwood was +an enthusiastic swimmer, but he always caused me a lot of anxiety. +That pier was well covered by Beachy Bill, and one never knew when he +might choose to give it his attention. This did not deter the General. +He came down most regularly, sauntered out to the end, went through a +lot of Sandow exercises and finally jumped in. He then swam out to a +buoy moored about a quarter of a mile away. On his return he was most +leisurely in drying himself. Had anything happened to him I don't know +what the men would have done, for he was adored by everyone. + +Swimming was popular with all hands. Early in the campaign we had a +Turkish attack one morning; it was over by midday, and an hour later +most of the men were in swimming. I think it not unlikely that some of +the "missing" men were due to this habit. They would come to the beach +and leave their clothes and identity discs ashore, and sometimes they +were killed in the water. In this case there was no possibility of +ascertaining their names. It often struck me that this might account +for some whose whereabouts were unknown. + +While swimming, the opportunity was taken by a good many to soak their +pants and shirts, inside which there was, very often, more than the +owner himself. I saw one man fish his pants out; after examining the +seams, he said to his pal: "They're not dead yet." His pal replied +"Never mind, you gave them a ---- of a fright." These insects were a +great pest, and I would counsel friends sending parcels to the +soldiers to include a tin of insecticide; it was invaluable when it +could be obtained. I got a fright myself one night. A lot of things +were doing the Melbourne Cup inside my blanket. The horrible thought +suggested itself that I had got "them" too, but a light revealed the +presence of fleas. These were very large able-bodied animals and +became our constant companions at nighttime; in fact, one could only +get to sleep after dosing the blanket with insecticide. + +My little dog Paddy enjoyed the swim almost as much as I did. He was a +great favourite with everybody but the Provost-Martial. This official +was a terror for red tape, and an order came out that dogs were to be +destroyed. That meant that the Military Police were after Paddy. +However, I went to General Birdwood, who was very handsome about it, +and gave me permission to keep the little chap. Almost immediately +after he was reprieved he ran down to the Provost-Martial's dug-out +and barked at him. Paddy was very nearly human. One day we were down +as usual when Beachy Bill got busy, and I had to leave the pier with +only boots and a smile on. I took refuge behind my old friends the +biscuits, and Paddy ran out to each shell, barking until it exploded. +Finally one burst over him and a bullet perforated his abdomen. His +squeals were piteous. He lived until the next day, but he got a +soldier's burial. + + + + +TURKISH PRISONERS + + +We saw a good many Turkish prisoners at one time or another, and +invariably fraternised with them. They were kept inside a barbed-wire +enclosure with a guard over them; but there was no need to prevent +their escape--they would not leave if they got the chance. On one +occasion twelve of them were told to go some distance into the scrub +and bring in some firewood. No one was sent with them, the idea being +to encourage them to go to their lines and persuade some of the Turks +to desert to us. But they were like the cat; they all came back--with +the firewood. + +I saw two of our men on one occasion bringing in a prisoner. They +halted on the hill opposite us, and one of them went to headquarters +to ascertain how the prisoner was to be disposed of. In a very short +time he was surrounded by fourteen or fifteen of our soldiers, trying +to carry on a conversation, and giving him cigarettes and in fact +anything he would accept. An hour before they had been trying their +best to shoot one another. In one of the attacks on our left the Turks +were badly beaten off and left a lot of their dead close up to our +trenches. As it was not safe to get over and remove the bodies, a +number of boat-hooks were obtained, and with them the bodies were +pulled in to our trenches. One of the "bodies" proved to be a live +Turk who had been unable to get back to his line for fear of being +shot by our men. He was blindfolded and sent down to the compound with +the other prisoners. + +The difficulty of obtaining sufficient exercise was very great at +times. We only held a piece of territory under a square mile in +extent, and none of it was free from shell or rifle-fire, so that our +perambulations were carried on under difficulty. Major Meikle and I +had our regular walk before breakfast. At first we went down the beach +towards Gaba Tepe, and then sat for a while talking and trying to see +what we could see; but a sniper apparently used to watch for us, for +we were invariably saluted by the ping of a rifle in the distance and +the dust of the bullet in close proximity to our feet. We concluded +that, if we continued to walk in this direction someone would be +getting hurt, so our walks were altered to the road round "Pluggey's +Plateau." We were seated there one morning when our howitzer in the +gully was fired, and we felt that the shell was not far from where we +sat. We went down to the Battery, and I interrogated some of the +gunners. "How far off the top of that hill does that shell go?" said +I. "About a yard, sir," replied the man; "one time we hit it." I asked +him if it would be convenient for the battery to elevate a bit if we +were sitting there again. + + + + +POST OFFICE + + +The postal arrangements on the whole were good, considering the +circumstances under which the mails were handled. It was always a +matter of interest for all of us when we saw mail-bags in the barges, +whether or no we were to participate in the good luck of receiving +letters. And here I might make the suggestion to correspondents in +Australia to send as many snap-shot photos. as possible. They tell +more than a letter, for one can see how the loved ones are looking. +Papers were what we needed most, and we got very few indeed of these. +I wrote home once that I was fortunate in having a paper to read that +had been wrapped round greasy bacon. This was a positive fact. We were +up the gully at the advance dressing station, and a machine gun was +playing right down the position. Four men were killed and six wounded +right in front of us, so that it was not prudent to leave until night +fell. It was then that reading matter became so necessary. The paper +was the _Sydney Morning Herald_ and contained an advertisement stating +that there was a vacancy for two boarders at Katoomba; I was an +applicant for the vacancy. The _Bulletin_ was a God-send when it +arrived, as was _Punch_. Norman Morris occasionally got files of the +_Newcastle Morning Herald_, which he would hand on to us, as there +were a lot of men from the Newcastle district in the Ambulance. Later +on it was possible to register a small parcel in the Field Post +Office--for home. + + + + +SANITARY ARRANGEMENTS + + +In order to keep the health of the troops good it was necessary to be +exceedingly careful in the matter of sanitation. Lieutenant-Colonel +Millard was the Sanitary Officer for our Division, and Lieutenant- +Colonel Stokes for the 1st Australian Division. + +The garbage at first was collected in casks, placed in a barge and +conveyed out into the bay; it was found, however, that a lot of it +drifted back. It reminded one so much of Newcastle and Stockton. The +same complaints were made by the men on the right as are put forth by +Stockton residents regarding the Newcastle garbage. We, of course, +occupied the position of the Newcastle Council, and were just as +vehement in our denial of what was a most obvious fact. The situation +was exactly the same--only that, instead of dead horses, there were +dead mules. Three incinerators were started, enclosures built up with +stone, and a fire lighted. This was effective, but gave rise to a very +unpleasant smell along the beach. The only time I was shot was from an +incinerator; a cartridge had been included in the rubbish and exploded +just as I was passing. The bullet gave me a nasty knock on the shin. + +It was a fairly common practice among men just arrived to put a +cartridge in their fire just to hear the noise. Of course down on the +beach it was not usual to hear a rifle fired at close range, and the +sound would make everybody look up to "see where the ---- that came +from." The discovery of the culprit would bring out a chorus from the +working parties: "Give him a popgun, give him a popgun!" "Popgun" was +preceded by the usual Australian expletive. + +[Illustration: Mules in a Gully.] + +[Illustration: Graves of Major Ellis and Lieut.-Col. Braund.] + +[Illustration: Wounded being placed on Hospital Ship.] + +[Illustration: Stretcher Bearers carrying Col. Cox.] + +The water found on the Peninsula was always subjected to careful +examination, and, before the troops were allowed to use it notices +were placed on each well stating whether the water was to be boiled or +if only to be used for washing. + + + + +SIMPSON + + +Everyone knows of Simpson and his donkey. This man belonged to one of +the other Ambulances, but he made quite frequent trips backwards and +forwards to the trenches, the donkey always carrying a wounded man. +Simpson was frequently warned of the danger he ran, for he never +stopped, no matter how heavy the firing was. His invariable reply was +"My troubles!" The brave chap was killed in the end. His donkey was +afterwards taken over by Johnstone, one of our men, who improvised +stirrups out of the stretcher-slings, and conveyed many wounded in +this manner. + + + + +CHURCH SERVICES + + +No account of the war would be complete without some mention of the +good work of the chaplains. They did their work nobly, and gave the +greatest assistance to the bearers in getting the wounded down. I came +into contact chiefly with those belonging to our own Brigade. Colonel +Green, Colonel Wray, and Captain Gillitson; the latter was killed +while trying to get one of our men who had been wounded. Services were +held whenever possible, and sometimes under very peculiar +circumstances. Once service was being conducted in the gully when a +platoon was observed coming down the opposite hill in a position +exposed to rifle fire. The thoughts of the audience were at once +distracted from what the Padre was expounding by the risk the platoon +was running; and members of the congregation pointed out the folly of +such conduct, emphasizing their remarks by all the adjectives in the +Australian vocabulary. Suddenly a shell burst over the platoon and +killed a few men. After the wounded had been cared for, the Padre +regained the attention of his congregation and gave out the last verse +of "Praise God from Whom all blessings flow." There was one man for +whom I had a great admiration--a clergyman in civil life but a +stretcher-bearer on the Peninsula--Private Greig McGregor. He belonged +to the 1st Field Ambulance, and I frequently saw him. He always had a +stretcher, either carrying a man or going for one, and in his odd +moments he cared for the graves of those who were buried on Hell Spit. +The neatness of many of them was due to his kindly thought. He gained +the D.C.M., and richly deserved it. + +All the graves were looked after by the departed one's chums. Each was +adorned with the Corps' emblems: thus the Artillery used shell caps, +the Army Medical Corps a Red Cross in stone, etc. + + + + +THE ENGINEERS + + +The Engineers did wonderfully good work, and to a layman their +ingenuity was most marked. Piers were made out of all sorts of things; +for instance, a boat would be sunk and used as a buttress, then planks +put over it for a wharf. They built a very fine pier which was +afterwards named Watson's. Again, the "monkey" of a pile driver they +erected was formed out of an unexploded shell from the _Goeben_. This +warship, a German cruiser taken over by the Turks, was in the Sea of +Marmora, and occasionally the Commander in a fit of German humour +would fire a few shells over Gallipoli neck into the bay--a distance +of about eight or nine miles. As soon as the _Goeben_ began firing, +one of our aeroplanes would go up, and shortly afterwards the _Queen +Elizabeth_ could be seen taking up a position on our side of the +Peninsula, and loosing off. Whether she hit the _Goeben_ or not we +never heard. It was _Mafeesh_. + +The Engineers also made miles upon miles of roads and, furthermore, +created the nucleus of a water storage. A number of large tanks from +Egypt were placed high up on "Pluggey's," whence the water was +reticulated into the far distant gullies. + + + + +TURKS ATTACK + + +One night in May the Turks made a fierce attack on us, apparently +determined to carry out their oft-repeated threat of driving us into +the sea. The shells just rained down over our gully, lighting up the +dug-outs with each explosion. It was like Hell let loose. Word came up +from the beach station that they were full of casualties and on +getting down there one found that the situation had not been +over-estimated. The whole beach was filled with stretchers, the only +light being that from bursting shells. We worked hard all night +operating and dressing, and when one had time to think, one's thoughts +generally took the shape of wondering how the men were keeping the +Turks off. It was useless to be sentimental, although many of my +friends were amongst those injured; the work just had to be done in +the best way possible. + +One night a strong wind got up, just like our "Southerly Busters," and +in the middle of it all firing began on our left. I heard that the +Turks nearly got into the trenches, but they were beaten off and +rolled right round the position--passed on, as it were, from battalion +to battalion. + +It was very interesting to watch the warships bombarding Turkish +positions. One ship, attacking Achi Baba, used to fire her broadside, +and on the skyline six clouds would appear at regular intervals, for +all the world like windmills. On another occasion I watched two ships +bombarding the same hill a whole afternoon. One would think there was +not a square yard left untouched, and each shot seemed to lift half +the hill. Twenty minutes after they had ceased firing, a battery of +guns came out from somewhere and fired in their turn. They must have +been in a tunnel to have escaped that inferno. One day we were up on +"Pluggey's" while our beach was being shelled; at last the stack of +ammunition caught fire and was blazing fiercely until some of the men +got buckets and quenched the fire with sea water most courageously. +Later a shell landed among a lot of dug-outs. There was quietness for +a bit; then one man began scraping at the disturbed earth, then +another; finally about six of them were shovelling earth away; at last +a man appeared with his birthday suit for his only attire. He ran like +a hare for the next gully, amid the yells of laughter of all who +witnessed the occurrence. I think he had been swimming, and being +disturbed by "Beachy," had run for a dug-out only to be buried by the +shell. + +That was the extraordinary thing about our soldiers. Shelling might be +severe and searching, but only if a man was hit was it taken +seriously. In that case a yell went up for stretcher-bearers; if it +was a narrow squeak, then he was only laughed at. + +That beach at times was the most unhealthy place in the Peninsula. Men +frequently said they would sooner go back to the trenches. One day we +had five killed and twenty-five wounded. Yet, had Johnny Turk been +aware of it, he could have made the place quite untenable. I saw one +shell get seven men who were standing in a group. The effect was +remarkable. All screwed themselves up before falling. They were all +lightly wounded. + + + + +RED CROSS + + +About the middle of July I sent a corporal and two men over to +Heliopolis with a letter to Lieutenant-Colonel Barrett, asking for some +Red Cross goods. I had already received issue vouchers for two lots, +but these had been intercepted in transit, so the men were ordered to +sit on the cases until they gave delivery to the Ambulance. Fifty cases +came, filled with pyjamas, socks, shirts, soap and all sorts of things. +The day they arrived was very, very hot, and our hospital was full of +men whose uniform had not been off since they landed. No time was lost +in getting into the pyjamas, and the contented look on the men's faces +would have gratified the ladies who worked so hard for the Red Cross. +Talk about peace and contentment--they simply lolled about in the scrub +smoking cigarettes, and I don't believe they would have changed places +with a Federal Senator. + +Those Red Cross goods saved one man's life at least. All the unopened +cases were placed outside the tent. One afternoon a shell came over +into a case of jam, went through it, and then into another containing +socks. A man was lying under the shelter of this box, but the socks +persuaded the shell to stay with them, and thus his life was saved. It +was on this day that my nephew, Staff-Sergeant Nickson, was wounded. +He had just left his dug-out to go to the dressing station on the +beach when a shrapnel shell severely wounded him in the leg. The same +shell killed Staff-Sergeant Gordon, a solicitor from Adelaide, and one +of the finest characters I knew. He was shot through the spine and +killed instantly. Two other men were wounded. + +Our Ambulance was ordered to pitch a hospital up Canterbury Gully to +provide for a possible outbreak of cholera, as almost every writer on +the subject stated that, when European troops occupied trenches that +had been previously held by Turks, an outbreak of cholera invariably +followed. Major Clayton was detailed for the work, and soon had +accommodation for a hundred men. As there was no cholera, the sick men +were kept here. We had been so long in this place without a change, +and so many troops were crowded into such a small area, without a +possibility of real rest, that the men began to get very stale. +Sickness was prevalent, and this hospital seemed to help them a great +deal. It was a picture to see them all lying in their pyjamas reading +the _Bulletin_ and _Punch_, and swapping lies. + +The New Zealanders held a concert here one night. Major Johnston, the +O.C., filled the position of chairman, the chair being a cask. One man +with a cornet proved a good performer; several others sang, while some +gave recitations. We all sat round in various places in the gully, and +joined in the choruses. It was very enjoyable while it lasted; but, as +darkness came on, rifle-fire began on the tops of the surrounding +hills--also, occasionally, shell fire. This completely drowned the +sound of the performers' voices, and the concert had to be brought to +a close; Abdul had counted us out. + + + + +PREPARING FOR THE ADVANCE + + +Towards the end of July great preparations were made for an offensive +movement, the object being to take Hill 971 and so turn the Turk's +right. Large platforms were dug out of the hillsides in Monash Gully, +each capable of holding three to five hundred men; they were +constructed well below the sky line, and were fairly secure from shell +fire. On these the incoming battalions were placed. There was not much +room for sleep, but the main object seemed to be to have as many men +handy as possible. The Turks seemed to be aware of the influx of +troops, as they shelled the whole position almost all night. The +beach, of course, was attended to most fervently, but considering the +numbers of men landing few casualties occurred. + +A 4.7 naval gun, which, I understand, had served in the relief of +Ladysmith, was swathed in bags and landed on a barge, which conveyed +it to a position alongside the pier. A party was put on to make a +shield on the pier of boxes of our faithful friends the +"forty-niners," in case there were any Turks of an enquiring turn of +mind along the beach towards Suvla. + +The Engineers then constructed a landing place, and the gun was hauled +ashore, again covered up, and conveyed to its position on our right +during the night. General Birdwood outwitted the Turks that time, as +they did not fire a shot during the whole operation. + +On the third of August we received orders to remove to the left flank, +the right being held by the Australian Division which participated in +the operation known afterwards as Lone Pine. The last day on the beach +proved to be pretty hot with shelling, chiefly from Beachy Bill. A +number of pinnaces were busy all day towing in barges from the +transports, and this could be easily seen from the olive grove where +Bill had his lair. At one time the shells came over like rain; two of +the pinnaces were hit below the water-line, and were in imminent +danger of sinking. Through all the shelling Commander Cater ran along +the pier to give some direction regarding the pinnaces, but was killed +before he got there. He was a brave man, and always very courteous and +considerate. + +Our casualties during this afternoon were pretty considerable, and our +stretcher-bearers were constantly on the "go" getting men under +shelter. + +Early in the morning the Ghurkas came ashore, but the Turks spotted +them, and gave them a cordial welcome to Anzac. They are a small-sized +set of men, very dark (almost black), with Mongol type of face and +very stolid. One was killed while landing. They were evidently not +accustomed to shell-fire, and at first were rather scared, but were +soon reassured when we told them where to stand in safety. Each +carried in addition to his rifle a Kukri--a heavy, sharp knife, shaped +something like a reaping-hook, though with a curve not quite so +pronounced. It was carried in a leather case, and was as keen as a +razor. I believe the Ghurkas' particular delight is to use it in +lopping off arms at the shoulder-joint. As events turned out we were +to see a good deal of these little chaps, and to appreciate their +fighting qualities. + +The 2nd Field Ambulance was to take our position on the beach. We +packed up our panniers and prepared to leave the spot where we had +done so much work during the last three months, and where we had been +the unwilling recipients of so much attention from Beachy Bill and his +friend Windy Annie. Our donkeys carried the panniers, and each man +took his own wardrobe. Even in a place like this one collects rubbish, +just as at home, and one had to choose just what he required to take +away; in some cases this was very little, for each had to be his own +beast of burden. Still, with our needs reduced to the minimum, we +looked rather like walking Christmas-trees. The distance to Rest Gully +was about a mile and a half, through saps and over very rough +cobble-stones, and our household goods and chattels became heavy +indeed before we halted; I know mine did. + + + + +THE ATTEMPT ON SARI BAIR + + +Our Ambulance was attached to the Left Assaulting Column, which +consisted of the 29th Indian Brigade, 4th Australian Infantry Brigade, +Mountain Battery and one company of New Zealand Engineers under +Brigadier-General Cox. + +The commanding officers of all the ambulances in General Godley's +Division met in the gully and had the operation orders explained to +them by the A.D.M.S. of the Division, Colonel Manders, a very capable +officer. To my great regret he was killed two days later; we had been +acquainted for some time, and I had a great regard for him. + +The 4th Infantry Brigade was to operate in what was known as the Aghyl +Dere (Dere in Turkish means "gully"). The operation order gave out that +we were to establish our Field Hospital in such a position as to be +readily accessible for the great number of wounded we expected. +Meantime, after making all arrangements for the move and ascertaining +that each man knew his job exactly, we sat about for a while. The +bombardment was to commence at 5 p.m. Precisely at that hour the +_Bacchante_ opened fire, the howitzers and our field guns co-operating, +the Turks making a hearty response. The din was frightful. To make a +man sitting beside me hear what I was saying, I had to shout at the top +of my voice. However, there were not many men hit. We had tea--for +which Walkley had got three eggs from somewhere, the first I had +tasted since leaving Egypt. We tried to get some sleep, but that was +impossible, the noise being so great; it was hard, too, to know where +one was safe from bullets. Mr. Tute, the Quartermaster, and I got a +dug-out fairly well up the hill, and turned in. We had not been long +there when a machine-gun appeared to be trained right on to us--bullets +were coming in quantities. It was pitch-dark, so we waited until they +stopped, and then got further down the gully and tried to sleep +there--but this particular dug-out had more than ourselves in it, and +we passed the night hunting for things. The Division started to march +out just after dark, the 4th Brigade leading. It was almost daylight +before the rear of the column passed the place at which we were +waiting. The men were all in great spirits, laughing and chaffing and +giving the usual "Are we down'earted?". I think those men would laugh +if they were going to be hanged. Our bearer divisions, in charge +respectively of Captains Welch, Jeffries and Kenny, followed in rear of +the Brigade, while the tent divisions came in rear of the whole column. + +Major Meikle and I had often, like Moses viewing the Land of Promise, +looked at the country over which the fight was now to take place--a +stretch of flats about three miles long, from the beach up to the foot +of the hills. As the day broke, we found a transformation at Nibronesi +Point, which is the southernmost part of Suvla Bay. At nightfall not a +ship was there; now there was a perfect forest of masts. The place +looked like Siberia in Newcastle when there was a strike on. I counted +ten transports, seven battle-cruisers, fourteen destroyers, twelve +trawlers and a lot of pinnaces. These had landed the force which was +afterwards known as the Suvla Bay Army. A balloon ship and five +hospital ships were also at anchor in the bay. As we passed what was +known as our No. 3 Outpost, we came across evidences of the +fight--dead men, dead mules, equipment, ammunition boxes and rifles +lying all over the place. We noted, too, little hillocks of sand here +and there, from behind which the Turks had fired at our column. It was +evident that our men had soon got in touch with the enemy and had +driven him back. The Aghyl Dere proved to be a fairly wide gully with +steep hills on either side. A little distance, about three quarters of +a mile up, we came to what had been the Turkish Brigade Headquarters. +Here everything was as they had left it. The surprise had been +complete, and we had given them very short notice to quit. Clothing, +rifles, equipment, copper pans and boilers were in abundance, and it +was evident that Abdul makes war with regard to every comfort, for +there were visible also sundry articles of wearing apparel only used +by the gentler sex. The men had comfortable bivouacs and plenty of +bed-clothing of various patterns. The camp was situated in a hollow, +round in shape and about a hundred yards in diameter, with dug-outs in +the surrounding hillsides; all was very clean, except for the fleas, +of which a good assortment remained. The dug-outs were roofed in with +waterproof sheets, buttoned together and held up by pegs which fitted +into one another. These sheets, with the poles, made handy bivouac +shelters, easily pitched and struck. Altogether, their camp equipment +was better than ours. + +We annexed all the pans and boilers and made good use of them for our +own Ambulance. Then, proceeding further up the gully, we found it +almost impassable by reason of dead Ghurkas and mules; a gun on a +ridge had the range of this place to a nicety, and the ammunition +train was held up for a time. I never saw such a mess of entangled +mules; they were kicking and squealing, many of them were wounded, and +through it all the Indian drivers were endeavouring to restore some +kind of order. One had to keep close under the banks to escape the +shells. Not far from here was the emplacement of our old friend "Windy +Annie," but alas! Annie was constant to Abdul, and they had taken her +with them. It was a great pity we did not get the gun. No wonder our +guns never found the place. The ground had been dug out to some depth +and then roofed over with great logs and covered with earth and +sandbags; the ammunition--plenty of it--was in deep pits on either +side; artillery quarters were in close proximity, and the tracks of +the gun were clearly seen. + +The shelling was far too heavy to let us pitch a dressing station +anywhere here, so we retired to the beach to find a place more +sheltered under the hills; the bearers meanwhile followed the troops. +Soon scores of casualties began to arrive, and we selected a position +in a dry creek about six yards wide, with high banks on either side. +The operating tent was used as a protection from the sun and stretched +from bank to bank, the centre being upheld by rifles lashed together; +the panniers were used to form the operating table, and our drugs were +placed round the banks. We were, however, much handicapped by not +having any transport, as our donkeys had been requisitioned by the +Army Service Corps. Everything had to be carried from a distance, and +water was exceedingly scarce. All day we were treating cases and +operating until late at night. Major Meikle and I divided the night, +and we were kept going. From one until four in the morning I slept in +a hole in a trench like a tomb. + +At daylight we could see our men righting their way through the scrub +over Sari Bair, the warships firing just ahead of them to clear the +scrub of the Turkish Infantry. The foremost men carried flags, which +denoted the farthest point reached and the extent of the two flanks, +as a direction to the ship. With the glasses one could see that the +bayonet was being used pretty freely; the Turks were making a great +stand, and we were losing a lot of men. They could be seen falling +everywhere. + + + + +AMBULANCE WORK + + +Our bearers were doing splendid work; it was a long and dangerous +carry, and a lot of them were wounded themselves. The miserable part +of the affair was that the Casualty Clearing Station on the beach +broke down and could not evacuate our wounded. This caused a block, +and we had numbers of wounded on our hands. A block of a few hours can +be dealt with, but when it is impossible to get cases away for forty +hours the condition of the men is very miserable. However, we got the +cooks going, and had plenty of Bovril and Oxo, which we boiled up with +biscuits broken small. It made a very sustaining meal, but caused +thirst, which was troublesome, as it was particularly difficult to +obtain water. Shelter from the sun, too, was hard to get; the day was +exceedingly hot, and there were only a few trees about. As many as +could be got into the shade were put there, but we had to keep moving +them round to avoid the sun. Many of the cases were desperate, but +they uttered not a word of complaint--they all seemed to understand +that it was not our fault that they were kept here. + +As the cases were treated by us, they were taken down towards the +beach and kept under cover as much as possible. At one time we had +nearly four hundred waiting for removal to the ship. Then came a +message asking for more stretchers to be sent to the firing line, and +none were to be obtained; so we just had to remove the wounded from +those we had, lay them on the ground, and send the stretchers up. +Thank goodness, we had plenty of morphia, and the hypodermic syringe +relieved many who would otherwise have suffered great agony. + +Going through the cases, I found one man who had his arm shattered and +a large wound in his chest. Amputation at the shoulder-joint was the +only way of saving his life. Major Clayton gave the anaesthetic, and +we got him through. + +Quite a number of Ghurkas and Sikhs were amongst the wounded, and they +all seemed to think that it was part of the game; patience loomed +large among their virtues. Turkish wounded were also on our hands, +and, though they could not speak our language, still they expressed +gratitude with their eyes. One of the Turks was interrogated, first by +the Turkish interpreter with no result; the Frenchman then had a go at +him, and still nothing could be got out of him. After these two had +finished, Captain Jefferies went over to the man and said, "Would you +like a drink of water?" "Yes, please," was the reply. + +During one afternoon, after we had been in this place for three days, +a battalion crossed the ground between us and the beach. This brought +the Turkish guns into action immediately, and we got the time of our +lives. We had reached a stage when we regarded ourselves as fair +judges of decent shell-fire, and could give an unbiassed opinion on +the point, but--to paraphrase Kipling--what we knew before was "Pop" +to what we now had to swallow. The shells simply rained on us, +shrapnel all the time; of course our tent was no protection as it +consisted simply of canvas, and the only thing to do was to keep under +the banks as much as possible. We were jammed full of wounded in no +time. Men rushing into the gully one after another, and even a company +of infantry tried to take shelter there; but that, of course, could +not be allowed. We had our Geneva Cross flag up, and their coming +there only drew fire. + +[Illustration: Getting Wounded off after a Fight.] + +[Illustration: Water Carts protected by Sand Bags.] + +[Illustration: Burial Parties during the Armistice.] + +[Illustration: Simpson and his Donkey.] + +In three-quarters of an hour we put through fifty-four cases. Many +bearers were hit, and McGowen and Threlfall of the 1st Light Horse +Field Ambulance were killed. Seven of our tent division were wounded. +One man reported to me that he had been sent as a reinforcement, had +been through Samoa, and had just arrived in Gallipoli. While he was +speaking, he sank quietly down without a sound. A bullet had come over +my shoulder into his heart. That was another instance of the fortune +of war. Many men were hit, either before they landed or soon after, +while others could go months with never a scratch. From 2 till 7 p.m. +we dealt with 142 cases. + +This shelling lasted for an hour or more, and when it subsided a party +of men arrived with a message from Divisional Headquarters. They had +been instructed to remove as many of the Ambulance as were alive. +Headquarters, it appears, had been watching the firing. We lost very +little time in leaving, and for the night we dossed down in the scrub +a mile further along the beach, where we were only exposed to the fire +of spent bullets coming over the hills. Our fervent prayer was that we +had said good-bye to shells. + +The new position was very nice; it had been a farm--in fact the plough +was still there, made of wood, no iron being used in its construction. +Blackberries, olives, and wild thyme grew on the place, and also a +kind of small melon. We did not eat any; we thought we were running +enough risks already; but the cooks used the thyme to flavour the +bovril, and it was a nice addition. + +Not far from us something happened that was for all the world like an +incident described by Zola in his "Debacle," when during the +bombardment before Sedan a man went on ploughing in a valley with a +white horse, while an artillery duel continued over his head. +Precisely the same thing occurred here--the only difference being that +here a man persisted in looking after his cattle, while the guns were +firing over his head. + +Walkley and Betts proved ingenious craftsmen. They secured two wheels +left by the Signalling Corps, and on these fastened a stretcher; out +of a lot of the web equipment lying about they made a set of harness; +two donkeys eventuated from somewhere, and with this conveyance quite +a lot of transport was done. Water and rations were carried as well, +and the saving to our men was great. Goodness knows the bearers were +already sufficiently worked carrying wounded. + +The _Bacchante_ did some splendid firing, right into the trenches +every time. With one shot, amongst the dust and earth, a Turk went up +about thirty feet: arms and legs extended, his body revolving like a +catherine wheel. One saw plenty of limbs go up at different times, but +this was the only time when I saw a man go aloft _in extenso_. + +It was while we were in this position that W.O. Henderson was hit; the +bullet came through the tent, through another man's arm and into Mr. +Henderson. He was a serious loss to the Ambulance, as since its +inception he had had sole charge of everything connected with the +supply of drugs and dressings, and I missed his services very much. + +We were now being kept very busy and had little time for rest, numbers +of cases being brought down. Our table was made of four biscuit boxes, +on which were placed the stretchers. We had to be very sparing of +water, as all had to be carried. The donkey conveyance was kept +constantly employed. Whenever that party left we used to wonder +whether they would return, for one part of the road was quite exposed +to fire; but Betts and Walkley both pulled through. + +One night I had just turned in at nine-thirty, when Captain Welch came +up to say that a bad casualty had come in, and so many came in +afterwards that it was three o'clock in the following morning before I +had finished operating. While in the middle of the work I looked up +and found G. Anschau holding the lantern. He belonged to the 1st Field +Ambulance, but had come over to our side to give any assistance he +could. He worked like a Trojan. + +We still had our swim off the beach from this position. It will be a +wonderful place for tourists after the war is over. For Australians +particularly it will have an unbounded interest. The trenches where +the men fought will be visible for a long time, and there will be +trophies to be picked up for years to come. All along the flat land by +the beach there are sufficient bullets to start a lead factory. Then +searching among the gullies will give good results. We came across the +Turkish Quartermaster's store, any quantity of coats and boots and +bully beef. The latter was much more palatable than ours. + +Our men had a novel way of fishing; they threw a bomb into the water, +and the dead fish would either float and be caught or go to the +bottom--in which case the water was so clear that they were easily +seen. Wilson brought me two, something like a mackerel, that were +delicious. + +As there was still a good deal of delay in getting the cases off, our +tent was brought over from Canterbury Gully and pitched on the beach; +the cooks keeping the bovril and biscuits going. We could not maintain +it there long, however, as the Turks' rifle-fire was too heavy, so the +evacuation was all done from Walker's Ridge about two miles away. The +Casualty Clearing Station here (the 16th) was a totally different +proposition from the other one. Colonel Corkery was commanding +officer, and knew his job. His command was exceedingly well +administered, and there was no further occasion to fear any block in +getting our wounded off. + +Amongst the men who came in to be dressed was one wounded in the leg. +The injury was a pretty bad one, though the bone was not fractured. +The leg being uncovered, the man sat up to look at it. He exclaimed +"Eggs a cook! I thought it was only a scratch!" + +Our bearers did great work here, Sergeant Baber being in charge and +the guiding spirit amongst them. Carberry from Western Australia +proved his worth in another manner. The 4th Brigade were some distance +up the gully and greatly in want of water. Carberry seems to have the +knack of divining, for he selected a spot where water was obtained +after sinking. General Monash drew my attention to this, and Carberry +was recommended for the D.C.M. + +Early in August, soon after Colonel Manders was killed, I was promoted +to his position as Assistant Director of Medical Services, or, as it +is usually written, A.D.M.S. On this I relinquished command of the 4th +Field Ambulance, and though I appreciated the honour of the promotion +yet I was sorry to leave the Ambulance. We had been together so long, +and through so much, and every member of it was of such sterling +worth, that when the order came for me to join Headquarters I must say +that my joy was mingled with regret. Everyone--officers, +non-commissioned officers and men--had all striven to do their level +best, and had succeeded. With one or two exceptions it was our first +experience on active service, but all went through their work like +veterans. General Godley, in whose division we were, told me how +pleased he was with the work of the Ambulance and how proud he was to +have them in his command. The Honour list was quite sufficient to +satisfy any man. We got one D.S.O., two D.C.M.s, and sixteen +"Mentioned in Despatches." Many more deserved recognition, but then +all can't get it. + +Major Meikle took charge, and I am sure the same good work will be +done under his command. Captain Dawson came over with me as +D.A.D.M.S. He had been Adjutant from the start until the landing, +when he "handed over" to Captain Finn, D.S.O., who was the dentist. +Major Clayton had charge of C Section; Captains Welch, Jeffries and +Kenny were the officers in charge of the Bearer Divisions. Jeffries +and Kenny were both wounded. Captain B. Finn, of Perth, Western +Australia, was a specialist in eye and ear diseases. Mr. Cosgrove was +the Quartermaster, and Mr. Baber the Warrant Officer; Sergeant Baxter +was the Sergeant Clerk. To mention any of the men individually would +be invidious. They were as fine a set of men as one would desire to +command. In fact, the whole Ambulance was a very happy family, all +doing their bit and doing it well. + +On the 21st of August an attack was made on what were know as the W +Hills--so named from their resemblance to that letter of the alphabet. +Seated on a hill one had a splendid view of the battle. First the +Australians went forward over some open ground at a slow double with +bayonets fixed, not firing a shot; the Turks gave them shrapnel and +rifle-fire, but very few fell. They got right up to the first Turkish +trench, when all the occupants turned out and retired with more speed +than elegance. Still our men went on, taking a few prisoners and +getting close to the hills, over which they disappeared from my view. +Next, a battalion from Suvla came across as supports. The Turks +meanwhile had got the range to a nicety; the shrapnel was bursting +neatly and low and spreading beautifully--it was the best Turkish +shooting I had seen. The battalion was rather badly cut up, but a +second body came across in more open order than the others, and well +under the control of their officers; they took advantage of cover, and +did not lose so many men. The fight was more like those one sees in +the illustrated papers than any hitherto--shells bursting, men +falling, and bearers going out for the wounded. The position was +gained and held, but there was plenty of work for the Ambulance. + +There were very few horses on the Peninsula, and those few belonged to +the Artillery. But at the time I speak of we had one attached to the +New Zealand and Australian Headquarters, to be used by the despatch +rider. Anzac, the Headquarters of General Birdwood, was about two and +a half miles away; and, being a true Australian, the despatch-carrier +declined to walk when he could ride, so he rode every day with +despatches. Part of the journey had to be made across a position open +to fire from Walker's Ridge. We used to watch for the man every day, +and make bets whether he would be hit. Directly he entered the fire +zone, he started as if he were riding in the Melbourne Cup, sitting +low in the saddle, while the bullets kicked up dust all round him. One +day the horse returned alone, and everyone thought the man had been +hit at last; but in about an hour's time he walked in. The saddle had +slipped, and he came off and rolled into a sap, whence he made his way +to us on foot. + +When going through the trenches it is not a disadvantage to be small +of stature. It is not good form to put one's head over the sandbags; +the Turks invariably objected, and even entered their protest against +periscopes, which are very small in size. Numbers of observers were +cut about the face and a few lost their eyes through the mirror at the +top being smashed by a bullet. On one occasion I was in a trench which +the men were making deeper. A rise in the bottom of it just enabled +me, by standing on it, to peer through the loophole. On commending the +man for leaving this lump, he replied, "That's a dead Turk, sir!" + + + + +ARTILLERY + + +Watching the Field Artillery firing is very interesting. I went one +day with General Johnstone of the New Zealand Artillery to Major +Standish's Battery, some distance out on the left, and the observing +station was reached through a long sap. It was quite close to the +Turk's trenches, close enough to see the men's faces. All directions +were given by telephone, and an observer placed on another hill gave +the result of the shot--whether under, over, or to the right or left. +Errors were corrected and the order to fire again given, the target +meanwhile being quite out of sight of the battery commander. + +It was amusing to hear the heated arguments between the Artillery and +Infantry, in which the latter frequently and vehemently asseverated +that they "could have taken the sanguinary place only our own +Artillery fired on them." They invariably supported these arguments by +the production of pieces of shell which had "blanky near put their +Australian adjective lights out." Of course the denials of the +Artillery under these accusations were very emphatic; but the +production of the shell-fragments was awkward evidence, and it was +hard to prove an alibi. + +The advent of the hospital ship _Maheno_ resulted in a pleasant +addition to our dietary, as the officers sent ashore some butter, +fresh bread and a case of apples. The butter was the first I had +tasted for four and a half months. The _Maheno_ belonged to the Union +Company, and had been fitted up as a hospital ship under the command +of Colonel Collins. He was the essence of hospitality, and a meal on +board there was a dream. + +While we were away along the beach for a swim one afternoon, the Turks +began shelling our quarters. It had not happened previously, and +everyone thought we were out of range. The firing lasted for about an +hour and a half. I fully expected that the whole place would be +smashed. On the contrary, beyond a few mules and three men hit, +nothing had happened, and there was little in the ground to show the +effects of the firing. (I noticed the same with regard to the firing +of the naval guns. They appeared to lift tons of earth, but when one +traversed the position later very little alteration could be +detected.) The Turks, however started at night again, and one shot +almost buried me in my dug-out. + +The number of transports that came in and out of Anzac while we were +there was marvellous, and a great tribute to the British Navy. There +is no question as to who is Mistress of the Sea. Occasionally we heard +of one being torpedoed, but considering the number constantly going to +and fro those lost were hardly noticeable. The _Southland_ was +torpedoed while we were in Gallipoli, and Major Millard (who was on +board) told me that there was not the slightest confusion, and only +one life was lost. + + + + +TURKS AS FIGHTERS + + +One cannot conclude these reminiscences without paying a tribute to +Abdul as a fighting man. All I know about him is in his favour. We +have heard all about his atrocities and his perfidy and +unspeakablenesses, but the men we met fought fairly and squarely; and +as for atrocities it is always well to hear the other side of the +question. At the beginning of the campaign it was commonly reported +that the Turks mutilated our wounded. Now I believe that to be an +unmitigated lie, probably given a start by men who had never set foot +in the Peninsula--or who, if they did, had taken an early opportunity +of departure. We were in a position to know whether any mutilation had +occurred, and I certainly saw none. I believe that similar reports +were existent among the Turks regarding us, and I formed that opinion +from the attitude and behaviour of one of the prisoners when I went to +dress his wound. He uttered most piteous cries and his conduct led me +to believe that he thought he was to be illtreated. I have mentioned +before the class to which most of the prisoners were. They were always +most grateful for any kindness shown them. + +As to their sense of fair play, when the _Triumph_ was sunk, they +never fired on her--though I understand it would have been quite +allowable directly the men set foot on another warship. Again, about a +fortnight after the landing at Anzac, we tried to land a force at Gaba +Tepe, but had to retire and leave our wounded. The Turks signalled us +to bring them off, and then they never fired or abused the white flag. +The third instance occurred on our left, when we made the advance in +August. Our Ambulance was under a hill, and a howitzer battery took up +a position just in front. The Turk _sent word_ that either the +Ambulance or the battery would have to move, otherwise they would be +forced to fire on the Ambulance. + +The shells we got on the beach could not be attributed to any +disregard of the Red Cross, for they could not see the flag, and +moreover the Ordnance was next to us, a thing utterly out of order, +but unavoidable under the circumstances. + +My career on the Peninsula came to a close at the end of September, +when I fell ill and was put on the hospital ship. The same evening a +very willing attack was put up by the Turk. One had a good and most +interesting view, as one was in perfect safety. The bursting shells in +the darkness were very picturesque. + +Prior to going off we had often discussed the pleasure of getting +between sheets and into a decent bed--how one would curl up and enjoy +it. But my first night under those conditions was spent in tossing +about, without a wink of sleep. It was too quiet. Being accustomed to +be lulled to sleep by the noise of six-inch guns from a destroyer +going over my dug-out, I could now hear a pin drop, and it was far too +quiet. We found we were to be sent to England. Malta was no place in +which to get rid of Mediterranean fever. The treatment the people of +England give the Australians is handsome in the extreme. They cannot +do enough to make them comfortable. Country houses are thrown open to +the invalided men, perfect strangers though they are, and all are +welcome. + +Together with Major Courtenay (with whom I came over) I was taken to +Lockleys, in Hertfordshire. Sir Evelyn and Lady de La Rue had a +standing invitation at Horseferry Road, the Australian Military +Headquarters, for six officers. We happened to be among the lucky ones +to be included, and the kindness I received from our host and hostess +will be remembered during the remainder of my life. + + + + +CATALOGUE OF BOOKS + +PUBLISHED BY + +ANGUS & ROBERTSON + +LIMITED + +PUBLISHERS TO THE UNIVERSITY +89 CASTLEREAGH STREET, SYDNEY + +The books in this Catalogue may be obtained through any Bookseller in +Australia, New Zealand and all other English-speaking Countries. + +Intending purchasers are requested to write direct to the publishers +if they have any difficulty in obtaining the books required. + +English and Foreign trade orders should be sent to the publishers +whose names appear in the body of the Catalogue; where no other name +appears, they should be sent to the Oxford University Press, Amen +Corner, London, E.C. + +The costs of postage stated herein apply only to the Commonwealth of +Australia. + +_February, 1916._ + + * * * * * + +_Just published._ + +_THE SONGS OF A SENTIMENTAL BLOKE._ + +By C.J. DENNIS. Tenth thousand. With 14 full-page Drawings by Hal Gye +and Foreword by Henry Lawson. Cloth, 3s. 6d. + +THE BULLETIN (Sydney): "'The Songs of a Sentimental Bloke' is the most +typically Australian book published for a decade. Its humour, its +sentiment, its genuine humanity, are expressed with feeling and an +assured poetic craftsmanship. C.J. Dennis is not only an Australian +poet: he _is_ a poet." + +SYDNEY MORNING HERALD: "Bill is a wholly delightful person, and from +what he tells us of Doreen, she must be equally delightful ... Mr. Hal +Gye's illustrations deserve mention; their idea is distinctly +original, and the scheme is carried out cleverly." + +DAILY TELEGRAPH (Sydney): "Captivatingly fresh and original ... The +verse is very human and clean, and its appeal is universal, for it +depicts the simple emotions that are not confined to the class that +uses dialect ... Sure to be popular, because it has the qualities of +humour and lifelikeness. Also the feeling in it rings true." + +THE ARGUS (Melbourne): "The genuine humour of these larrikin love +poems is all the more effective because beneath the surface fun there +is a suggestion of deeper feelings that ennoble men and unite them in +the bonds of common fellow ship." + +THE AGE (Melbourne): "'The Sentimental Bloke' is a striking conception +and his portrayal masterly." + +THE HERALD (Melbourne): "The Bloke is a character who is likely long +to remain deservedly popular in this country's literature. 'The sonnet +shining in the eyes' has been fixed by Mr. Dennis in what is certainly +a classic of its class, and he secures an effect of true poetry +without straining a simile or defying the canons of Australia's +colloquial speech." + +QUEENSLANDER: "A well-printed, cleverly-illustrated, and pleasant to +handle little volume. The humour of the 'Sentimental Bloke' has an +exquisite quality, its sentiment a tenderness, and its philosophy a +soundness which compel attention ... genuine poetry ... a sensitive +appreciation of the beautiful ... wholesome philosophy.. admirable +verses." + + * * * * * + +_THE THREE KINGS, AND OTHER VERSES._ + +By WILL LAWSON. With portrait. Cloth gilt, gilt top, 3s. 6d.; full +morocco, gilt edges, 6s. (_postage 2d._) + +Will Lawson is a New Zealander who, through the _Bulletin_, has made +an Australasian reputation. His verses are bright and lively, in the +Kipling manner, and full of human interest. + + * * * * * + +_A BOOK OF AUSTRALIAN VERSE +FOR BOYS AND GIRLS._ + +Edited, with Introduction and Notes, by BERTRAM STEVENS. With numerous +portraits. Cloth gilt, gilt top, 3s. 6d.; full morocco, gilt edges, +6s. (_postage 2d._) + +This book is thoroughly representative of the best Australian verse, +and, although intended mainly as a selection suitable for young folks, +it contains many pieces favoured by older readers. A number of the +poems are not obtainable in any other book. + + * * * * * + +_THE GOLDEN TREASURY +OF AUSTRALIAN VERSE._ + +Edited, with Introduction and Notes, by BERTRAM STEVENS. New (fourth) +edition, revised and enlarged. Cloth gilt, gilt top, 3s. 6d.; full +morocco, gilt edges, 6s. (_postage 2d._) + +ATHENAEUM: "May be regarded as representative of the best short pieces +written by Australians or inspired by life in Australia or New +Zealand." + +_London: Macmillan & Co., Limited._ + + * * * * * + +_THE POETICAL WORKS OF +BRUNTON STEPHENS._ + +As finally revised by the author, re-arranged and printed from new +type, with photogravure portrait. Cloth gilt, gilt top, 3s. 6d.; full +morocco, gilt edges, 6s. (_postage 2d._) + +THE TIMES: "This collection of the works of the Queensland poet, who +has for a generation deservedly held a high place in Australian +literature, well deserves study." + +DAILY NEWS: "In turning over the pages of this volume, one is struck +by his breadth, his versatility, his compass, as evidenced in theme, +sentiment, and style." + + * * * * * + +_WHERE THE DEAD MEN LIE +AND OTHER POEMS._ + +By BARCROFT HENRY BOAKE. Second edition, revised and enlarged, with +memoir, portraits, and 32 illustrations. Cloth gilt, gilt top, 3s. +6d.; full morocco, gilt edges, 6s. (_postage 2d._) + +J. BRUNTON STEPHENS, in THE BULLETIN: "Boake's work is often praised +for its local colour; but it has something better than that. It has +atmosphere--Australian atmosphere, that makes you feel the air of the +place--breathe the breath of the life." + + * * * * * + +_AT DAWN AND DUSK: Poems._ + +By VICTOR J. DALEY. Fourth edition. With photogravure portrait. Cloth +gilt, gilt top, 3s. 6d.; full morocco, gilt edges, 6s. (_postage 2d._) + +BOOKMAN: "These verses are full of poetic fancy musically expressed." + +SYDNEY MORNING HERALD: "The indefinable charm is here, and the spell, +and the music.... A distinct advance for Australian verse in ideality, +in grace and polish, in the study of the rarer forms of verse, and in +the true faculty of poetic feeling and expression." + + * * * * * + +_WINE AND ROSES: A New Volume of Poems._ + +By VICTOR J. DALEY. With portrait. Cloth gilt, gilt top, 3s. 6d.; full +morocco, gilt edges, 6s. (_postage 2d._) + +DAILY TELEGRAPH: "Most of his verse is tinged with sadness--as in most +Irish poetry--but there is a fine imaginative quality that lifts it to +a far higher plane than that of the conventional melancholy rhymer. +There are poems in this book that recall the magic of Rossetti.... +Victor Daley has left his mark in the beginnings of an Australian +literature." + + * * * * * + +_HOW HE DIED, AND OTHER POEMS._. + +By JOHN FARRELL. Fourth edition. With memoir, appreciations, and +photogravure portrait. Cloth gilt, gilt top, 3s. 6d.; full morocco, +gilt edges, 6s. (_postage 2d._) + +MELBOURNE AGE: "Farrells contributions to the literature of this +country were always distinguished by a fine, stirring optimism, a +genuine sympathy, and an idealistic sentiment, which in the book under +notice find their fullest expression." + + * * * * * + +_THE MAN FROM SNOWY RIVER, +AND OTHER VERSES._ + +By A.B. Paterson. Fifty-eighth thousand. With photogravure portrait +and vignette title. Cloth gilt, gilt top, 3s. 6d.; full morocco, gilt +edges, 6s. (_postage 2d._) + +ATHENAEUM: "Swinging, rattling ballads of ready humour, ready pathos, +and crowding adventure ... Stirring and entertaining ballads about +great rides, in which the lines gallop like the very hoofs of the +horses." + +_London: Macmillan & Co., Limited._ + + * * * * * + +_RIO GRANDE'S LAST RACE, +AND OTHER VERSES._ + +By A.B. Paterson. Seventeenth thousand. Cloth gilt, gilt top, 3s. 6d.; +full morocco, gilt edges, 6s. (_postage 2d._) + +SPECTATOR: "There is no mistaking the vigour of Mr. Paterson's verse; +there is no difficulty in feeling the strong human interest which +moves in it." + +_London: Macmillan & Co., Limited._ + + * * * * * + +_THE SECRET KEY, AND OTHER VERSES._ + +By George Essex Evans. Second edition, with portrait. Cloth gilt, gilt +top, 3s. 6d.; full morocco, gilt edges, 6s. (_postage 2d._) + +GLASGOW HERALD: "There is ... the breath of that apparently immortal +spirit which has inspired ... almost all that is best in English +higher song." + +THE BOOKMAN: "Mr. Evans has written many charming and musical poems +... many pretty and haunting lines." + + * * * * * + +_IN THE DAYS WHEN THE WORLD WAS WIDE, AND OTHER VERSES._ + +By Henry Lawson. Twentieth thousand. With photogravure portrait. +Cloth gilt, gilt top, 3s. 6d.; full morocco, gilt edges, 6s. (_postage +2d._) + +THE ACADEMY: "These ballads (for such they mostly are) abound in +spirit and manhood, in the colour and smell of Australian soil. They +deserve the popularity which they have won in Australia, and which, we +trust, this edition will now give them in England." + + * * * * * + +_VERSES, POPULAR AND HUMOROUS._ + +By HENRY LAWSON. Eighteenth thousand. Cloth gilt, gilt top, 3s. 6d.; +full morocco, gilt edges, 6s. (_postage 2d._) + +NEW YORK JOURNAL: "Such pride as a man feels when he has true +greatness as his guest, this newspaper feels in introducing to a +million readers a man of ability hitherto unknown to them. Henry +Lawson is his name." + + * * * * * + +_WHEN I WAS KING, AND OTHER VERSES._ + +By HENRY LAWSON. Tenth thousand. Cloth gilt, gilt top, 3s. 6d.; full +morocco, gilt edges, 6s. (_postage 2d._) + +THE SPECTATOR: "A good deal of humour, a great deal of spirit, and a +robust philosophy are the main characteristics of these Australian +poets. Because they write of a world they know, and of feelings they +have themselves shared in, they are far nearer the heart of poetry +than the most accomplished devotees of a literary tradition." + + * * * * * + +_ON THE TRACK AND OVER THE SLIPRAILS._ + +By HENRY LAWSON. Twentieth thousand. Cloth gilt, gilt top, 3s. 6d.; +full morocco, gilt edges, 6s. (_postage 2d._) + +DAILY CHRONICLE: "Will well sustain the reputation its author has +already won as the best writer of Australian short stories and +sketches." + + * * * * * + +_FAIR GIRLS AND GRAY HORSES, WITH OTHER VERSES._ + +By WILL H. OGILVIE. Revised edition, completing twentieth thousand. +With portrait. Cloth gilt, gilt top, 3s. 6d.; full morocco, gilt +edges, 6s. (_postage 2d._) + +SCOTSMAN: "Its verses draw their natural inspiration from the camp, +the cattle trail, and the bush; and their most characteristic and +compelling rhythms from the clatter of horses' hoofs." + + * * * * * + +_HEARTS OF GOLD, AND OTHER VERSES._ + +By WILL H. OGILVIE. Fourth thousand. Cloth gilt, gilt top, 3s. 6d.; +full morocco, gilt edges, 6s. (_postage 2d._) + +DAILY TELEGRAPH: "Will be welcomed by all who love the stirring music +and strong masculine feeling of this poet's verse." + + * * * * * + +_WHILE THE BILLY BOILS._ + +By HENRY LAWSON. With eight illustrations by F.P. Mahony. Thirty-second +thousand. Cloth gilt, gilt top, 3s. 6d.; full morocco, gilt edges, 6s. +(_postage 2d._) + +THE ACADEMY: "A book of honest, direct, sympathetic, humorous writing +about Australia from within is worth a library of travellers' tales +... The result is a real book--a book in a hundred. His language is +terse, supple, and richly idiomatic. He can tell a yarn with the +best." + + * * * * * + +_CHILDREN OF THE BUSH._ + +By HENRY LAWSON. Eleventh thousand. Cloth gilt, gilt top, 3s. 6d.; +full morocco, gilt edges, 6s. (_postage 2d._) + +THE BULLETIN: "These stories are the real Australia, written by the +foremost living Australian author ... Lawson's genius remains as vivid +and human as when he first boiled his literary billy." + + * * * * * + +_JOE WILSON AND HIS MATES._ + +By HENRY LAWSON. Eleventh thousand. Cloth gilt, gilt top, 3s. 6d.; +full morocco, gilt edges, 6s. (_postage 2d._) + +THE ATHENAEUM: "This is a long way the best work Mr. Lawson has yet +given us. These stories are so good that (from the literary point of +view of course) one hopes they are not autobiographical. As +autobiography they would be good, as pure fiction they are more of an +attainment." + +_London: Wm. Blackwood & Sons._ + + * * * * * + +_LAURENCE HOPE'S LOVE LYRICS._ + +Uniformly bound in fancy boards with cloth back. 6s. (_postage 3d._) +per volume. + + * * * * * + +_THE GARDEN OF KAMA._ + +DAILY CHRONICLE: "No one has so truly interpreted the Indian mind--no +one, transcribing Indian thought into our literature, has retained so +high and serious a level, and quite apart from the rarity of themes +and setting--the verses remain--true poems." + + * * * * * + +_STARS OF THE DESERT._ + +OUTLOOK: "It is not merely that these verses describe Oriental scenes +and describe them with vividness, there is a feeling in the rhythm--a +timbre of the words that seems akin to the sand and palm-trees and the +changeless East." + + * * * * * + +_INDIAN LOVE._ + +SPECTATOR: "The poetry of Laurence Hope must hold a unique place in +modern letters. No woman has written lines so full of a strange +primeval savagery--a haunting music--the living force of poetry." + +_London: William Heinemann._ + + * * * * * + +_THE WITCH MAID, AND OTHER VERSES._ + +By DOROTHEA MACKELLAR. Cloth gilt, gilt top, 3s. 6d. (_postage 2d._) + +SYDNEY MORNING HERALD: "She possesses to a remarkable degree the +faculty of conjuring up before our eyes an extraordinarily vivid +picture in a single line or even a word or two. Miss Mackellar can +grasp the essential spirit of a scene, and what is rarer still, can +find words to make us, too, see it, where before we have been blind." + +_London: J.M. Dent & Co. Ltd._ + + * * * * * + +_TO-MORROW: A Dramatic Sketch of the Character and Environment of +Robert Greene._ + +By J. LE GAY BRERETON. Paper cover, 1s. 6d. (_postage 1d._) + +SYDNEY MORNING HERALD: "The first Australian play of literary worth." + + * * * * * + +_SONGS OF A SUNLIT LAND._ + +By COLONEL J.A. KENNETH MACKAY. Cloth gilt, 3s. 6d. (_postage 2d._) + + * * * * * + +_STORIES OF OLD SYDNEY._ + +By CHARLES H. BERTIE. With 53 pen and pencil drawings by SYDNEY URE +SMITH. Cloth cover, printed in colours, 3s. 6d. (_postage 1d._) + +SYDNEY MORNING HERALD: "A charming and interesting little book ... +they live and breathe, and he has contrived to make actual to us those +remote and almost incredible days.... Mr. Smith's admirable +illustrations are an equally important feature of the book, which, in +addition to its interest, presents a great antiquarian value." + + * * * * * + +_THE RISING OF THE COURT, AND OTHER SKETCHES IN PROSE AND VERSE._ + +By HENRY LAWSON. With picture cover (_Commonwealth Series_), 1s. +(_postage 1d._) + +QUEENSLAND TIMES: "These stories show Lawson at his best, and Lawson +at his best is not to be beaten by short story writers in current +literature." + + * * * * * + +_AN OUTBACK MARRIAGE: A Story of Australian Life._ + +By A.B. PATERSON. Ninth thousand, with picture cover (_Commonwealth +Series_), 1s. (_postage 1d._) + +SCOTSMAN: "The chief virtue of the book lies in its fresh and vivid +presentment of the wild life and the picturesque manners of the +Australian bush, while in form and style it claims recognition as a +work of considerable literary distinction." + + * * * * * + +_THE OLD BUSH SONGS._ + +Collected and edited by A.B. PATERSON. Thirteenth thousand, with +picture cover (_Commonwealth Series_), 1s. (_postage 1d._) + +DAILY TELEGRAPH: "Rude and rugged these old bush songs are, but they +carry in their vigorous lines the very impress of their origin and of +their genuineness.... Mr. Paterson has done his work like an artist." + + * * * * * + +_GODS AND WOOD THINGS._ + +By L.H. ALLEN. Paper boards, 1s. (_postage 1d._) + +SYDNEY MORNING HERALD: "Mr. Allen is one of the select band who are +saturated with classic lore and who seek to translate the beings of +pagan mythology to the Australian bush. 'Gods and Wood Things' +contains both prose and verse--the latter rhapsodical, the former +mystical." + + * * * * * + +_BUSHLAND STORIES._ + +By AMY ELEANOR MACK. Second edition, with coloured illustrations and +decorated cloth cover, 3s. 6d. (_postage 2d._) + +ACADEMY: "It is not often that we have the pleasure to welcome from +Australia a book of so many charming short stories as are contained in +the volume before us." + +SCOTSMAN: "Charming and simple nursery tales, appetisingly touched +with local colour of the Bush." + +BIRMINGHAM DAILY POST: "There is a daintiness and distinct charm in +these fairy tales." + + * * * * * + +_SCRIBBLING SUE, AND OTHER STORIES._ + +By AMY ELEANOR MACK. With coloured and other illustrations and +decorated cloth cover, 3s. 6d. (_postage 2d._) + +These stories are written in the same happy vein as "Bushland +Stories." Miss Mack's intense love of nature is reflected in all her +books, and her readers, both young and old, are at once attracted by +the natural ring of her work. + + * * * * * + +_GEM OF THE FLAT: A. Story of Young Australians._ + +By CONSTANCE MACKNESS. With coloured and other illustrations and +decorated cloth cover, 3s. 6d. (_postage 2d._) + +"Gem of the Flat" is a story of Australian bush children. The local +colouring is distinctly good; the children are alive, and talk like +real children; the incidents are natural and well described. The style +is fresh, the dialogue well managed, and the story as a whole is +interesting and pleasant, with a good tone about it. + + * * * * * + +_DOT AND THE KANGAROO._ + +By ETHEL C. PEDLEY. Illustrated by F.P. Mahony. Third edition, with +decorated cloth cover, 2s. 6d. (_postage 2d._) + +SYDNEY MORNING HERALD: "'Dot and the Kangaroo' is without doubt one of +the most charming books that could be put into the hands of a child. +It is admirably illustrated by Frank P. Mahony, who seems to have +entered thoroughly into the animal world of Australia. The story is +altogether Australian.... It is told so simply, and yet so +artistically, that even the 'grown-ups' amongst us must enjoy it." + + * * * * * + +_THE ANNOTATED CONSTITUTION OF THE AUSTRALIAN COMMONWEALTH._ + +By Sir JOHN QUICK, LL.D., and R.R. GARRAN, C.M.G. Royal 8vo., cloth +gilt, 21s. + +THE TIMES: "A monument of industry." + + * * * * * + +_THE STATE AND FEDERAL CONSTITUTIONS OF AUSTRALIA._ + +By K.R. CRAMP, M.A., Examiner, N.S.W. Department of Public +Instruction. With portraits and illustrations. Second edition, +revised. Cloth gilt, 3s. 6d. (_postage 2d._) + +N.S.W. PUBLIC INSTRUCTION GAZETTE: "Not only sound and scholarly, but +is written by a teacher of long experience.... Has the additional +advantage of being absolutely up to date.... Altogether an admirable +piece of work.... An interesting, very helpful, and very necessary +handbook." + + * * * * * + +_HISTORY OF AUSTRALASIA: From the Earliest Times to the Present Day._ + +By ARTHUR W. JOSE, author of "The Growth of the Empire." Fifth +edition, thoroughly revised, with many new maps and illustrations from +rare originals in the Mitchell Library. Cloth gilt, 3s. 6d. (_postage +2d._) + +THE BULLETIN: "It is the most complete handbook on the subject +available; the tone is judicial and the workmanship thorough.... The +new chapter on Australian Literature is the best view yet presented." + + * * * * * + +_HISTORY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF SYDNEY._ + +By H.E. BARFF, M.A., Registrar. With numerous illustrations. Cloth +gilt, 7s. 6d. (_postage 2d._) + +Published some years ago in connection with the Jubilee Celebrations +of the University, this volume contains the official record of its +foundation and growth. + + * * * * * + +_THE UNIVERSITY OF SYDNEY: ITS HISTORY AND PROGRESS._ + +By ROBERT A. DALLEN. With 68 illustrations from photographs. Crown +4to., 3s. 6d. (_postage 1d._) + + * * * * * + +_SOME EARLY RECORDS OF THE MACARTHURS OF CAMDEN_, 1789-1834. + +Edited by SIBELLA MACARTHUR ONSLOW. With coloured plates and numerous +facsimile reproductions of original documents. Cloth gilt, 15s. +(_postage 6d._) + +SYDNEY MORNING HERALD: "No man ever entered on a better fight with his +fellow citizens, with the Governors, with the British Government, with +the scientists, with the judicial authorities, indeed with almost +every authority that was there to be fought, than John Macarthur when +he undertook single-handed the great fight which finally established +the wool industry in Australia." + + * * * * * + +_Uniform with the above._ + +_LIFE OF CAPTAIN MATTHEW FLINDERS, R.N._ + +By ERNEST SCOTT, Professor of History in the University of Melbourne, +author of "Terre Napoleon" etc. With numerous portraits, maps, +manuscripts in facsimile, etc. Cloth gilt, 21s. (_postage 6d._) + +THE BULLETIN: "Will take its place as one of the great biographies in +our language. The inexplicable fact that hitherto no full biography of +the first man to circumnavigate Australia has appeared is also a +fortunate fact. Flinders has waited a century for his biographer, and +it was worth this silence of a hundred years to find Ernest Scott.... +And to this fervor of research must be added Ernest Scott's lucid +literary style and his interest in the personal side of his subject. +Equipment, style, sympathy, and his subject combine to make a +brilliant achievement in biography.... A word must in mere justice be +added in praise of the publishers. The appearance of the book is +worthy of its contents." + + * * * * * + +_LIFE OF LAPEROUSE._ + +By PROFESSOR ERNEST SCOTT. With Chart of Voyages in the Pacific, and +13 illustrations. Cloth, 3s. 6d. (_postage 1d._) _For school edition +see page 31._ + +This story of Laperouse's work as an explorer and his close +association with Australia is a most important contribution to our +history. The illustrations are from authentic sources and very +interesting. + + * * * * * + +_A POPULAR GUIDE TO THE WILD FLOWERS OF NEW SOUTH WALES._ + +By FLORENCE SULMAN. Vol. I., with 51 full-page illustrations. Cloth, +3s. 6d. Vol. II., with 72 full-page illustrations. Cloth, 6s. +(_postage 2d. each._) + +SYDNEY MORNING HERALD: "This book can be taken into the bush, and by +its aid practically any flower identified without previous knowledge +of botany. It is a book that has been badly needed." + + * * * * * + +_SOME FAMILIAR AUSTRALIAN WILD FLOWERS._ + +Photographed by Mrs. A.E. SULMAN. Paper cover, 2s. (_postage 1d._) + +_AUSTRALIAN WILD FLOWERS: Second Series._ + +Photographed by Mrs. A.E. SULMAN. Paper cover, 2s. (_postage 1d._) + +These are the best representation by photography of Australian wild +flowers, and are particularly suitable for sending to friends abroad. + + * * * * * + +_THE PLANTS OF NEW SOUTH WALES: An Analytical Key to the Flowering +Plants (except Grasses and Rushes) and Ferns of the State, with a list +of native plants discovered since 1893._ + +By W.A. DIXON, F.I.C., F.C.S. With Glossary and 49 diagrams. Cloth +gilt, 3s. 6d. (_postage 2d._) + + * * * * * + +_A BUSH CALENDAR._ + +By AMY ELEANOR MACK. Third edition, revised, with 42 photographs of +birds, flowers, bush scenes, etc. Cloth, 3s. 6d. (_postage 1d._) + +LITERARY WORLD: "A pleasant little book.... There is much to interest +those who have no personal knowledge of the antipodes ... and to those +who know the country, the vivid descriptions will bring back many +happy recollections." + + * * * * * + +_BUSH DAYS._ + +By AMY ELEANOR MACK. With 39 photographs. Cloth (uniform with "A Bush +Calendar"), 3s. 6d. (_postage 1d._) + +T.P.'s WEEKLY (London): "A delightful book of descriptive studies in +nature." + + * * * * * + +_THE BUTTERFLIES OF AUSTRALIA:_ + +_A Monograph of the Australian Rhopalocera._ + +By G.A. Waterhouse, B.Sc., B.E., F.E.S., and G. Lyell, F.E.S. With 4 +coloured and 39 uncoloured full-page plates, and numerous figures in +the text. Demy 4to., cloth gilt, 42s. (_postage 6d._) + +Nature (London) says: "The study of the butterflies of Australia is +certain to be greatly advanced by the appearance of this admirable +work, containing 43 excellent quarto plates, of which 4 are coloured. +In addition to this abundant and most necessary illustration in +plates, the reader is provided with numbers of text-figures as well as +a valuable map-index of localities.... A concluding section, with +'Notes on Collecting and Collections,' complete the work by rendering +it a sufficient guide to the beginner. The keen Australian naturalist +is now provided with a foundation upon which to build." + + * * * * * + +_AN INTRODUCTION TO THE GEOLOGY OF NEW SOUTH WALES._ + +By C.A. Sussmilch, F.G.S. Second edition, thoroughly revised and +greatly enlarged, with folding coloured map and 100 other maps and +illustrations. Cloth gilt, 7s. 6d. (_postage 3d._) + +Australian Mining Standard: "Students are greatly indebted to Mr. +Sussmilch for the able manner in which he has presented in compact +form all that is known at the present time on the subject.... The +illustrations throughout are excellent, but the coloured geological +map which serves as a frontispiece is a model of what such a map +should be, avoiding the opposite evils of overcrowding and meagreness. +Mr. Sussmilch's book should be of value, not only to students in the +colleges, but to those practical miners who are also students." + + * * * * * + +_THE PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICE OF BOILER CONSTRUCTION._ + +By W.D. Cruickshank, M.I. Mech. E., late Chief Engineering Surveyor, +New South Wales Government. Second edition, revised and enlarged, with +70 illustrations. Cloth gilt, 15s. (_postage 3d._) + +Journal of the Marine Engineers' Association: "A practical treatise +on the construction and management of steam boilers ... will be found +of great value to practical engineers." + + * * * * * + +_CHRISTOPHER COCKLE'S AUSTRALIAN EXPERIENCES._ + +By "OLD BOOMERANG" (J.R. HOULDING). Revised edition, with 2 portraits. +Cloth gilt, 5s. (_postage 2d._) + +Originally published under the title "Australian Capers," this volume +has been out of print for many years, and copies which have come into +the market secondhand have been purchased at enhanced prices. The +author has at last consented to its republication and has thoroughly +revised it. As a picture of Australian life thirty or forty years ago +the book is worthy of a permanent place in our literature, and it +contains plenty of fun and humour for both old and young. + + * * * * * + +_THE MOTHER STATE: The Physical Features, Natural Resources, Geology, +Scenery, Climate, Industries and Commerce of New South Wales._ + +By J.M. TAYLOR, M.A., LL.B. With 85 illustrations and maps. Cloth +gilt, 3s. 6d. (_postage 2d._) + +This is the only up-to-date general description of New South Wales +available for sending to friends abroad. All the information is drawn +from the latest authentic sources and the illustrations and maps add +largely to the book's interest and value. + + * * * * * + +_THE HOME DOCTORING OF ANIMALS._ + +By HAROLD LEENEY, M.R.C.V.S. Fourth edition, thoroughly revised and +greatly enlarged, with nearly 100 illustrations. 8vo., cloth, 12s. 6d. +(_postage 8d._) + +_London: Macdonald & Martin._ + + * * * * * + +_SIMPLE TESTS FOR MINERALS: Every Man his own Analyst._ + +By JOSEPH CAMPBELL, M.A., F.G.S., M.I.M.E. Fourth edition, revised and +enlarged (completing the twelfth thousand). With illustrations. Cloth, +round corners, 3s. 6d. (_postage 1d._) + +BALLARAT STAR: "This is an excellent little work, and should be in the +hands of every scientific and practical miner." + +BENDIGO EVENING MAIL: "Should be in every prospector's kit. It enables +any intelligent man to ascertain for himself whether any mineral he +may discover has a commercial value." + + * * * * * + +_THE COMMONWEALTH SERIES._ + +Picture covers, 1s. per volume (_postage 1d._) + + +BY HENRY LAWSON. + +_Prose._ + +WHILE THE BILLY BOILS (First and Second Series) +ON THE TRACK +OVER THE SLIPRAILS +JOE WILSON +JOE WILSON'S MATES +SEND ROUND THE HAT +THE ROMANCE OF THE SWAG + +_Verse._ + +POPULAR VERSES +HUMOROUS VERSES +WHEN I WAS KING +THE ELDER SON +THE RISING OF THE COURT (Contains Prose also) + + +BY A.B. PATERSON. + +AN OUTBACK MARRIAGE (full-length novel) +THE OLD BUSH SONGS (edited only by Mr. Paterson) + + +BY WILL OGILVIE. + +FAIR GIRLS } A reprint in two parts of the favourite volume, "Fair +GRAY HORSES } Girls and Gray Horses." + + +BY BRUNTON STEPHENS. + +MY CHINEE COOK, AND OTHER HUMOROUS VERSES + + +BY CHARLES WHITE. + +HISTORY OF AUSTRALIAN BUSHRANGING (in 4 parts, each complete in +itself, and well illustrated)--The Early Days; 1850 to 1862; 1863 to +1869; 1869 to 1878. + + +BY GEORGE E. BOXALL. + +HISTORY OF THE AUSTRALIAN BUSHRANGERS-- +Part I.: To the Time of Frank Gardiner +Part II.: To the End of the Kelly Gang + + * * * * * + +_HISTORY OF THE AUSTRALIAN AGRICULTURAL COMPANY, 1824-1875._ + +By JESSE GREGSON, Ex-Superintendent. With portraits, cloth gilt, 6s. +(_postage 2d._) + + * * * * * + +_MAP READING AND FIELD SKETCHING SIMPLIFIED._ + +By CAPTAIN T.P. CONWAY, A. and I. Staff, Commonwealth Military Forces. +Based on the Official Manual, thoroughly revised and greatly extended, +With special reference to Australian conditions, illustrated +throughout with numerous folded, coloured, and other Diagrams and +Sketches. Waterproof cloth cover, 3s. 6d. (_postage 1d._) + + * * * * * + +_HOW TO INSTRUCT IN BAYONET FIGHTING._ + +Including full Detail, Hints and Lessons on all Methods used in +Teaching Bayonet Fighting, with Directions and Rules for Bayonet +Fighting Combats, and 55 full-page photographs illustrating all +positions. By STAFF SERGEANT-MAJOR D. FALLON. Stiff paper cover, 1s. +6d. (_postage 1d._) + + * * * * * + +_TRUMPET AND BUGLE SOUNDS, AND SOLDIERS' SONG BOOK FOR THE AUSTRALIAN +ARMY._ + +Including instructions for Trumpeters and Buglers, Field and Routine +Calls for Mounted Units and Infantry. With words for all Calls. By +CAPT. W.G. BENTLEY. Limp cloth, 1s. 6d. (_post. 1d._) + + * * * * * + +_MUSKETRY SMALL BOOK._ + +Includes Hints on Shooting, Judging Distance, Grouping Practices, +etc., with a large number of diagrams for keeping a Record of Results +in Instructional and Standard Test Practices in Tables A and B. Second +edition. By LIEUT. R. STUPART. Manila cover, 3d. (_postage 1d._) + + * * * * * + +_AUSTRALIAN LANDSCAPE TARGETS._ + +Approved and adopted by the School of Musketry, Randwick. Five +specially selected Australian Landscapes in panels, each measuring 60 +inches by 36 inches, reproduced in natural colours. Price, unmounted, +3s. 6d. each (_postage 1s. 8d._); mounted on calico, 7s. each +(_postage 2s. 8d._) + + * * * * * + +_HINTS TO YOUNG OFFICERS._ + +In the Australian Military Forces on the Art of Command, Mess +Etiquette, Dress, Military Courtesy, Discipline, Company Command, +Official Correspondence, etc. By LIEUT. R. STUPART. Third edition, +revised and enlarged. Stiff paper cover, 1s. 6d. (_postage 1d._) + + * * * * * + +_OUTPOSTS AND ADVANCED, FLANK AND REAR GUARDS._ + +Includes the Distribution of an Advanced Guard, Telling off of an +Advanced Guard, Duties of Commander of the Vanguard, Disposition of a +Small Advanced Guard, Disposition of a Flank Guard, Distribution of +Outposts, Duties of Outpost Company Commander, Duties of Piquet +Commander, Telling off and Posting a Piquet, etc. By LIEUT. R. +STUPART. Second edition, revised and greatly enlarged, with 3 +sketches. Stiff paper cover, 1s. 3d. (_postage 1d._) + + * * * * * + +_RIFLE EXERCISES, SIMPLIFIED._ + +Including Rifle Exercises, Description of S.M.L.E. Rifle, Care of +Arms, Stripping and Assembling, Sword Exercises, Bayonet Fighting, +Bayonet Fighting for Competitions, etc. With numerous illustrations. +Compiled by LIEUT. R. STUPART. Stiff paper cover, 1s. (_postage 1d._) + + * * * * * + +_INFANTRY POCKET BOOK._ + +Compiled by LIEUT. R. STUPART. A concise guide to Regulations, Field +Training, Musketry, Camp Duties, etc. With Prefatory Note by Colonel +W. Holmes, D.S.O., V.D. Fourth edition, revised and enlarged. +Waterproof cloth, 1s. 6d. (_postage 1d._) + + * * * * * + +_GUARD AND SENTRY DUTIES._ + +A Complete Guide to the Guard Duties of Field Officer, Captain and +Subaltern of the Day, the Commander, Sergeant, Corporal, and Private +Soldier of the Guard, Arrest and Military Custody, etc., with Copy of +Guard Report, Orders for a Sentry on Post, Guard-room or Tent, etc. By +LIEUT. R. STUPART. Fourth edition, revised and enlarged. Manila cover, +9d. (_postage 1d._) + + * * * * * + +_AIMING, FIRING, AND FIRE DISCIPLINE TRAINING._ + +As taught at the School of Musketry, Randwick. By SERGEANT-MAJOR +INSTRUCTOR F.E. HART. With 52 full-page photographs and 22 diagrams +illustrating the subjects as taught at the Randwick School of Musketry +in accordance with "Musketry Regulations." Stiff paper cover, 1s. 6d. +(_postage 1d._) + + * * * * * + +_HANDY NOTES ON SEQUENCE AND DETAIL OF MUSKETRY INSTRUCTION._ + +As taught at the School of Musketry Randwick. Second edition, revised. +Manila cover, 6d. (_postage 1d._) + + * * * * * + +_THE NEW_ (1914) _COMPANY DRILL SIMPLIFIED._ + +With Squad, Section and Platoon Drill, Illus. with about 50 diagrams, +showing position of Company, Platoon and Section Commanders, and all +movements in Squad Drill, Platoon Drill and Company Drill, as laid +down in Infantry Training, 1914, with the Detail for all Movements. +Fifth edition, revised. By LIEUT. R. STUPART. Stiff paper cover, 1s. +6d. (_postage 1d._) + + * * * * * + +_SIGNALLING HANDBOOK FOR AUSTRALIAN MILITARY FORCES._ + +Including Morse System, Semaphore System, Use and Care of Apparatus, +Heliograph, Telescope, Flags, Message Forms, Station Routine, Training +and Classification, completely illustrated. Compiled by a Signalling +Officer. Stiff paper cover, 1s. (_postage 1d._) + + * * * * * + +_HINTS TO NON-COMS._ + +Including Hints to Non-Coms., The Word of Command, The Art of +Instructing, Military Courtesy, Dress, Discipline, The Duties of +Sergeant-Major, Bandmaster, Quartermaster-Sergeant, Sergeant Cook, +Pioneer Sergeant, Signalling Sergeant, Band Sergeant, Transport +Sergeant, Armourer Sergeant, Orderly-Room Sergeant, Colour-Sergeant, +Sergeant, etc. By LIEUT. R. STUPART. Second edition, revised. Stiff +paper cover, 1s. (_postage 1d._) + + * * * * * + +_THE COMPLETE MUSKETRY INSTRUCTOR._ + +Including Description of S.M.L.E. Rifle, Care and Cleaning of Arms, +Military Vocabulary, Explanation of Musketry Terms, Theory of +Musketry, Aiming Instruction, Firing Instruction, Miniature Range +Training, Landscape Target Training, etc. By LIEUT. R. STUPART. With +numerous illustrations. Stiff paper cover, 1s. 6d. (_postage 1d._) + + * * * * * + +_TRANSPORT NOTES FOR THE USE OF ARMY SERVICE CORPS, ARMY MEDICAL +CORPS, AND REGIMENTAL TRANSPORT._ + +Includes Organization of Transport in the Field, Horse and Stable +Management, Harnessing up, Transport by Rail, Transport by Sea, +Loading Wagons, Shoeing and the Feet, Drivers' Orders, Treatment of +Sick Animals, etc. By CAPT. S.G. GIBBS, Assistant Director of Supplies +and Transport. Stiff paper cover, 1s. (_postage 1d._) + + * * * * * + +_LIGHT HORSE POCKET BOOK._ + +Compiled by LIEUT. D.C. HOWELL PRICE, A. and I. Staff. A Concise Guide +to Regulations, Field Training, Camp Duties, Equitation, etc. With +Nominal and other Rolls. Second edition. Pocket size, waterproof +cloth, 1s. 6d. (_postage 1d._) + + * * * * * + +_HINTS ON HEALTH FOR SOLDIERS._ + +In the Field, in Camp and Bivouac. Compiled from Army Medical Sources +for Hot, Cold and Temperate Climates. Manila cover, 6d. (_postage +1d._) + + * * * * * + +_ROLL BOOK._ + +For Platoon, Section and Squad Commanders. Including Duty Roster, +Nominal and Attendance Rolls. Pocket size. Limp cloth, 9d. (_postage +1d._) + + * * * * * + +_GRENADE WARFARE:_ + +Notes on the Organization and Training of Grenadiers. By LIEUT. G. +DYSON. Manila cover, 9d. (_postage 1d._) + + * * * * * + +_FIELD MESSAGE BOOK._ + +For writing Orders and Reports of Reconnaissance, Outpost Duties, etc. +With Concise Directions for Writing Messages, etc. 130 pages, 1/4-inch +ruled paper, with duplicating paper for copying messages. Pocket size, +waterproof cover and elastic band. 2s. 6d. (_postage 1d._) + + * * * * * + +_SEMAPHORE ALPHABET MADE EASY._ + +An easy method of Learning How to Semaphore in a few hours by means of +a pack of 30 cards, showing Sender's Position "Front View." 9d. +(_postage 1d._) + +This is the standard system of Signalling and is of universal +application. + + * * * * * + +_SCOUTING: PROTECTIVE OR PRACTICAL RECONNAISSANCE._ + +Specially adapted to the Training of Australian Troops. By MAJOR F.A. +DOVE. Second edition, with 21 diagrams. Manila cover. 6d. (_postage +1d._) + + * * * * * + +_THE CADET HANDBOOK._ + +Compiled by LIEUT. R. STUPART. A Concise Guide to Appointment and +Promotion for Officers and N.-C.O's. Including Syllabus of Exams., +Syllabus of Training, Duties of Non-Coms., Guards and Sentries. With +Attendance Roll for Section Commanders. Second edition, revised and +enlarged. Pocket size, limp cloth, 9d. (_postage 1d._) + + * * * * * + +_THE JUNIOR CADET MANUAL._ + +Including the authorized Squad Drill, Physical Exercises, Miniature +Rifle Shooting, First Aid, Organized Games, Swimming and Life Saving. +Second edition, thoroughly revised. Cloth cover, 3s. 6d. (_postage +2d._) + + * * * * * + +_RIFLE EXERCISES AND MUSKETRY INSTRUCTION FOR CADETS._ + +Compiled by LIEUT. R. STUPART. Third edition, greatly enlarged. +Manila cover, 6d. (_postage 1d._) + + * * * * * + +_CALENDAR OF THE UNIVERSITY OF SYDNEY._ + +Demy 8vo., linen, 2s. 6d.; paper cover, 1s. (_postage 3d._) +[_Published annually in June._ + + * * * * * + +_MANUAL OF PUBLIC EXAMINATIONS HELD BY THE UNIVERSITY OF SYDNEY._ + +Demy 8vo., paper cover, 1s. (_postage 1d._) + +[_Published annually in September, and dated the year following that +in which it is issued._ + + * * * * * + +_IN MEMORY OF ALBERT BYTHESEA WEIGALL, Late Headmaster of Sydney +Grammar School._ + +By PROFESSOR M.W. MACCALLUM. With portraits and illustrations, cloth +gilt, 2s. 6d. (_postage 1d._) + + * * * * * + +_THE JUSTICES' MANUAL AND POLICE GUIDE. A Synopsis of offences +punishable by indictment and on summary conviction, definitions of +crimes, meanings of legal phrases, hints on evidence, procedure, +police duties, etc., in New South Wales._ + +Compiled by DANIEL STEPHEN, Sub-Inspector of Police. Third edition, +thoroughly revised, with a chapter on Finger Prints by Inspector +Childs, and Supplement bringing the book up to date. Demy 8vo., cloth, +7s. 6d. (_postage 3d._) + + * * * * * + +_HISTORY OF THE AUSTRALIAN BUSHRANGERS._ + +By GEORGE E. BOXALL. New edition, cloth gilt, 3s. 6d. (_postage 3d._) +[_Shortly._ + + * * * * * + +_AUSTRALIAN HOUSE DRAINAGE PRACTICE._ + +By H.G. WILLS, A.I.S.E., A.R. San. I., Lecturer at Sydney Technical +College. With 109 illustrations. Cloth gilt, 7s. 6d. 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In addition, the book contains a number of fine poems not +obtainable in any other volume, and it is easily the best, if not the +only, collection of Australian verse entirely suitable for young +readers. It is prescribed for use in the High and Secondary Schools of +New South Wales. + + * * * * * + +_TEENS: A Story of Australian Schoolgirls._ + +By LOUISE MACK. Illustrated by Frank P. Mahony. Limp cloth, 1s. 6d. +(_postage 2d._) + + * * * * * + +_GIRLS TOGETHER: A Story of Australian Schoolgirls._ + +By LOUISE MACK. Illustrated by George W. Lambert. Limp cloth, 1s. 3d. +(_postage 2d._) + + * * * * * + +_DOT AND THE KANGAROO._ + +By ETHEL C. PEDLEY. Illustrated by F.P. Mahony. Limp cloth, 1s. 3d. +(_postage 1d._) + + * * * * * + +_THE TOM TITS' NEST, AND OTHER FAIRY TALES._ + +By AMY ELEANOR MACK. Paper cover, 4d. (_post. 1d._) + + * * * * * + +_LIFE OF LAPEROUSE._ + +By PROFESSOR ERNEST SCOTT. 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