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diff --git a/15828.txt b/15828.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..98145a7 --- /dev/null +++ b/15828.txt @@ -0,0 +1,1663 @@ +The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Great Round World and What Is Going On +In It, Vol. 1, No. 37, July 22, 1897, by Various + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: The Great Round World and What Is Going On In It, Vol. 1, No. 37, July 22, 1897 + A Weekly Magazine for Boys and Girls + +Author: Various + +Editor: Julia Truitt Bishop + +Release Date: May 15, 2005 [EBook #15828] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ASCII + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE GREAT ROUND WORLD *** + + + + +Produced by Juliet Sutherland and the Online Distributed +Proofreading Team.(www.pgdp.net) + + + + + + + +_FIVE CENTS._ + +THE GREAT ROUND WORLD +AND WHAT IS GOING ON IN IT + + Vol. 1 JUNE 3, 1897 No. 30. +[Entered at Post Office, New York City, as second class matter] + +[Illustration: A +WEEKLY +NEWSPAPER +FOR +BOYS AND +GIRLS] + +Subscription +$2.50 per year +$1.25 6 months + + + WILLIAM BEVERLEY HARISON. PUBLISHER + NO. 3 AND 5 WEST 18TH ST. NEW YORK CITY + +=Copyright, 1897, by WILLIAM BEVERLEY HARISON.= + + * * * * * + + =TO ANY SUBSCRIBER SECURING + ... FOR US 1 SUBSCRIPTION= + + +[Illustration: On Honour's Roll +Tales of Heroes in the +Nineteenth Century] + + =WE WILL SEND POST-PAID ANY ONE OF THE FOLLOWING BOOKS= + +THE STORY OF THE INDIAN MUTINY.= By Ascott R. Hope. 4 illustrations. +12mo. + +=THE ORCHID SEEKERS.= A Story of Adventure in Borneo. By Ashmore Russan +and Frederick Boyle. Illustrated. 8vo. + +=UNDER MANY FLAGS.= Stories of Scottish Adventurers. By Davenport Adams. +Illustrated. 12 mo. + +=THE FUR TRADERS OF THE WEST= or, =The Doones of Fowey=. By E.R. +Suppling. 21 full-page illustrations. 8vo. + +=LOST IN AFRICA.= A Book of Adventure. By Frederick Whishaw. With +full-page illustrations. 8vo. + +=THE DAYS OF BRUCE.= A Story from Scottish History. By Grace Aguilar. +Illustrated. 8vo. + +=THE DESERT SHIP.= A Story of Adventure by Sea and Land. By John +Bloundelle-Burton. Illustrated. 8vo. + +=NUTTALL'S STANDARD DICTIONARY.= Compiled by the Rev. James Wood. +Illustrated. 8vo. 832 pages. + +[Illustration: The Orchid +Seekers] + +=GIRL'S HOME COMPANION.= Edited by Mrs. L. Valentine. Illustrated. 8vo. +Contains full description of indoor and outdoor games and valuable +information concerning embroidery, sewing, and all other occupations and +accomplishments for girls. + +=LEGENDS OF KING ARTHUR AND HIS KNIGHTS.= By J.T. Knowells. 8vo. + +=ON HONOUR'S ROLL.= Tales of Heroism in the Nineteenth Century. By L. +Valentine. Illustrated. 8vo. + +=HARRY RAYMOND.= By Commander Cameron. Illustrated. 8vo. + +=WE THREE BOYS.= By L. Valentine. Illustrated. 8vo. + +=SEA FIGHTS AND LAND BATTLES.= By Mrs. Valentine. Illustrated. 8vo. + +=PUZZLES OLD AND NEW.= By Professor Hoffman. 8vo. With over 500 diagrams +and illustrations. + +=MASTERMAN READY.= By Captain Marryatt. Illustrated. 12mo. + +=SETTLERS IN CANADA.= By Captain Marryatt. Illustrated. 12mo. + +=POOR JACK.= By Captain Marryatt. Illustrated. 12mo. + + * * * * * + + The above are all cloth-bound, well-made books, and are carefully + selected for their interest and character.... + + * * * * * + + =The Great Round World= + =3 AND 5 WEST 18TH ST. NEW YORK CITY= + + * * * * * + +[Illustration: + WOODEN PUTTER + BRASSIE SPOON + BRASSIE NIBLICK + DRIVER + CLEEK + IRON + LOFTING IRON + MASHIE + NIBLICK + IRON PUTTER] + + =To any one sending us 2 new subscribers= + + we will send, express paid, any one of the golf sticks shown in + cut... + +=These are the most approved shapes and styles and are made in the best +possible manner= + + * * * * * + + =2= special golf balls may be had for + ... =1= new subscription + + * * * * * + + =THE GREAT ROUND WORLD= + =3 AND 5 WEST 18TH ST. NEW YORK CITY= + + * * * * * + +Do you Cover your Books? + + THE "ONE PIECE" + ADJUSTABLE BOOK COVERS + +are made of the strongest and best book-cover paper obtainable. This paper +is made in large quantities especially for these book covers and will +protect books perfectly. The book covers themselves are a marvel of +ingenuity, and, although they are in one piece and can be adjusted to fit +perfectly any sized book without cutting the paper, they are also so +simple that any boy or girl can use them; as they are already gummed they +are always ready for use. + +A sample dozen will be mailed to any address for 20 cents (or ten two-cent +stamps) if you write + + WILLIAM BEVERLEY HARISON + 3 and 5 West 18th Street, New York City + + * * * * * + +TO ANY ONE SENDING US + + + =8= _NEW...._ + _SUBSCRIBERS_ + + WE WILL SEND A + + =JUNIOR RIFLE= + + 22 calibre, highly finished, with rebounding lock, case-hardened + frame, detachable barrel, automatic shell ejector. Weight 4-1/2 + pounds. + +[Illustration: Rifle] + + OR + + + =A "Shattuck New= + =Model" Shot=Gun= + + + Side-snap action, rebounding lock, walnut pistol-grip stock, patent + fore end, rubber butt, and pistol-grip cap, nickel frame, + choke-bored, twist-steel barrel. 12 or 16 gauge. + + =THE GREAT ROUND WORLD= + 3 AND 5 WEST 18TH ST. NEW YORK CITY + + * * * * * + +...PREMIUMS... + + * * * * * + +TO ANY ONE SENDING US 4 NEW SUBSCRIBERS + +[Illustration: A Pocket Kodak + + Measures 2-1/4 x 2-7/8 x 3-7/8 inches, makes a picture 1-1/2 x 2 + inches, and weighs only 5 ounces. Delivered ready for 12 exposures + without reloading.] + +The Lens is of the fixed focus type, and of sufficient length of focus +(2-1/2 inches) to avoid distortion. + +Has improved rotary shutter and set of three stops for lens. The slides +for changing stops and for time exposures are alongside of the exposure +lever and always show by their position what stop is before the lens and +whether the shutter is set for time or instantaneous exposures, thus +acting as a warning. + +In the _quality_ of the work they will do, Pocket Kodaks equal the best +cameras on the market. They make negatives of such perfect quality that +enlargements of any size can be made from them. + +The Pocket Kodaks are covered with fine leather, and the trimmings are +handsomely finished and lacquered. They are elegant, artistic, and +durable. + +=For one more subscription we will send with this camera a bicycle +carrying-case= + + * * * * * + +TO ANY ONE SENDING US 9 NEW SUBSCRIBERS + +[Illustration: An Improved + =No. 4= + Bulls-Eye + + For pictures 4x5 inches; delivered ready for 12 exposures without + reloading. Size of camera, 4-7/8 x 5-7/8 x 9-1/4 inches; weight 2 + pounds 2 ounces; length of focus of lens, 6-1/4 inches.] + +Fitted with an achromatic lens of superior quality, having a set of +three stops; has two finders, one for vertical and one for horizontal +exposures; and is also provided with two sockets for tripod screws, one +for vertical and one for horizontal exposures. Fitted with improved +rotary shutter, for snap-shots or time exposures. Can be loaded in +daylight. Handsomely finished and covered with leather. + +=Both of the above cameras are manufactured by the Eastman Kodak Co., +Rochester, N.Y., and this is a guarantee of their worth= + + =THE GREAT ROUND WORLD= + =3 AND 5 WEST 18TH ST. NEW YORK CITY= + + * * * * * + +[Illustration: THE GREAT ROUND +WORLD +AND WHAT IS GOING ON IN IT.] + + VOL. 1 JULY 22, 1897. NO. 37 + + +The peace negotiations have not made very much progress during the past +week. + +Turkey has announced to the Powers that she holds that Thessaly belongs +to her by right of conquest, and she is not willing to give it up. + +But the Powers are determined to allow only a sum of money as a war +indemnity, and a rearrangement of the frontier whereby Turkey will gain +certain strategic points. + +The Sultan has again asked the Emperor of Germany to help him to secure +Thessaly, but William has declined to interfere in the matter, and has +advised the Sultan to obey the wishes of the Powers. + +The Czar of Russia has also written to the Sultan, urging him to accept +the conditions offered, and not delay the negotiations by making demands +on Greece which it will be impossible for her to accept. + +The delay in the peace negotiations is causing considerable alarm in +Europe. + +It seems that the Sultan's main object in writing to Germany and Russia +has been to gain time. + +It is thought that he hopes the Powers will disagree and leave him free +to do as he pleases. + +If, however, they still remain as firm as they are at present, he thinks +the delay may give time for the Mohammedans to calm down. + +These people are now so excited over the success that has attended the +Turkish arms, that it is feared they will revolt against the Sultan if +he agrees to give up Thessaly. + +We told you about the visit of the Sheik ul Islam to the Sultan. + +These Sheiks are very powerful persons. It is perhaps a little difficult +to make you understand just how powerful they are, living as you do in a +country where such conditions do not exist. + +The Sheiks are leaders of numerous tribes of people to whom their word +is absolute law, and whom they command as entirely as a father commands +his children, and for the reason that the tribesmen are in a measure the +children of the Sheik. + +In the olden times family life was much stronger and closer than it is +to-day. The father of a family would continue to govern the affairs of +his sons after they had grown up and married and had families of their +own. Until his death, the father would be the ruler of his own group of +relatives, and when he was gone, his eldest son would become the head of +the family in his place. + +As the grandchildren grew up and raised sons and daughters of their own, +the family would grow larger; but, while all obeyed their own fathers, +they also obeyed the rulings of the head or chief of the family. + +It was the plan of leadership that we read of in the Bible--the +patriarchal system, as it was called. + +The clans of the Highlands of Scotland are formed in a similar manner. A +member of a clan is simply a relative, a person of the same blood and +family as the head of the clan, and according to their custom he obeys +the commands of his chieftain. + +In ancient times, when a Highland chieftain went to war, he had the +right to call on every man in the clan to join him. None who were able +to answer the call ever thought of refusing. + +In the East to-day the patriarchal system prevails as strongly as ever. +The Sheiks or Chiefs are the rulers of the people, and can control and +command them as they please. + +The people of the Eastern tribes are nearly all Mohammedans. As we have +told you before, they think it right to kill those who do not believe in +the Prophet Mohammed. + +They would be very glad to gain possession of Thessaly and spread +Mohammedanism throughout the province. They are therefore most unwilling +that the Sultan should allow it to fall again into the hands of the +Greeks. + +Should the Sultan consent to the demands of the Powers and restore +Thessaly, the Sheiks might call out their tribes and carry on the war +themselves. + +The Sultan has therefore to be very careful not to anger them, and it is +for this reason that he delays, hoping that in time one party or the +other may give in. + +The Powers are, however, quite tired of the delay, and the latest +despatch says that they have sent the Sultan a collective note, which +means a letter expressing the sentiments of all the diplomats concerned. + +This note states that they cannot allow any further delay, and demands +that the Porte arrive at a decision immediately. + +It is also stated on good authority that the Greek Government has +arranged a loan to pay the money that Turkey demands as a war indemnity, +so that just as soon as the peace negotiations are concluded Greece may +be ready to pay the required sum. + + * * * * * + +The report about the wounding of General Gomez has been contradicted. + +It seems that the Spaniards and Cubans had an engagement near the Jucaro +Moron trocha. + +A body of insurgents under General Vega were trying to join the forces +of General Gomez, when they encountered the Spanish troops. + +The insurgents gave battle, and were getting the best of the fight, when +a second Spanish column appeared in sight. + +The insurgents, finding themselves outnumbered, retreated. + +In the engagement General Vega was wounded, his horse being shot under +him, and he himself falling unconscious to the ground. His staff +surrounded him, and carried him away to a place of safety, but not +before the Spaniards had seen what had occurred. + +Knowing Gomez to be in the neighborhood, they supposed it was he who had +been in command, and so the mistake arose. + +It is a happy thing for the Cubans that Gomez is still spared to them. +The terrible disasters of the Greek campaign have shown us how necessary +good leaders are. + +General Weyler has announced his intention of doing no more fighting +until the close of the rainy season. + +He is on his way back to Havana. He has not pacified Santiago de Cuba as +he promised to do, but now declares that it is impossible to attempt any +military operations during the rainy season. + +The Cubans do not agree with him. The rain has, so far, not dampened +their ardor. + +Every day reports come to us that raids and skirmishes are taking place +all over the island. + +On the outskirts of Havana the insurgents are keeping up a constant +fight. They are burning houses, and making the best of every opportunity +to harass the enemy. + +A bold attempt was made to capture Fondeviela the other day; some fierce +fighting took place, but the Colonel eventually succeeded in driving off +the Cubans. + +The case of Gen. Rius Rivera is likely to be settled without the +interference of the Spanish Government. + +The unfortunate soldier is seriously ill, and not expected to live many +days. It is said that he is not dying of his wounds, but of a disease +that has developed since he has been in prison. + +A late report says that the discontent among the Spanish soldiers in +regard to their pay has induced their officers to give them permission +to plunder where they can. The few unfortunates who have any property +left are now at the mercy of the soldiers. + +This state of distress in the island is in great contrast to the +charming picture of peace and prosperity which it presented a few short +years ago. + +A writer in _The Sun_ describes the island as it was before the breaking +out of the first war. + +He says that in those days its commerce with this country amounted to a +hundred million dollars a year. It maintained an army of twenty thousand +Spanish soldiers, and its harbors were always filled with Spanish +vessels. + +Havana was then one of the gayest capitals in the world. Its streets +were thronged with fine carriages, in which the beauties of the island +took their daily drives. At night all the fashion of the city would +congregate on the Plaza in front of the Governor's mansion, and listen +to the music of the military bands. + +The people of the island were loyal and obedient to the wishes of the +mother country. They gave up the treasures of the island in return for a +kindly government. + +In those days Spain called Cuba the ever-faithful island, because she +was the only American possession of Spain that still remained contented +under the rule of the mother country. + +To travellers she seemed an earthly Paradise, and many were the stories +of the beauties of this favored isle. + +No one could say enough pleasant things about its light-hearted, kindly +people, its marvellous vegetation, its lovely flowers, its delicious +fruits, and its generous soil in which anything that was planted would +grow. + +When we think of Cuba to-day, laid waste by fire and sword, with barren +fields and starving people, we cannot help feeling that the causes must +have been great which led to such a terrible sacrifice. + + * * * * * + +The only news relating to Hawaiian matters this week is that Japan is +seriously angry with us over the treatment her Minister at Washington +has received at the hands of the Secretary of State. + +It would seem that the Japanese are extremely precise and particular +about the way their diplomatic affairs are conducted. + +Their idea of what is necessary on such occasions is very different from +ours, and unfortunately the Japanese Ministers both at Honolulu and +Washington have not received the treatment that, according to their +views, is due them. + +Minister Hoshi, in Washington, is so indignant that he was not informed +of the negotiations in regard to the treaty, that it is said he has +asked to be recalled to Japan. + +His displeasure has been increased by Secretary Sherman's failure to +reply to his letter asking for an explanation. + + * * * * * + +We told you that England had been making arrangements with Portugal to +secure Delagoa Bay, in South Africa, and that this contract, if +concluded, would give Great Britain the control of the only port +available for the people of the Transvaal. + +President Krueger is, however, too clever a man to allow this to be done +without making some effort to secure the port for himself. + +We told you that Dr. Leyds had been sent to England by the Boer +Government to arrange the trouble over the Transvaal Raid. + +Dr. Leyds had a further commission, which he did not mention while he +was in London. + +This was to try and secure possession of Delagoa Bay for his own +country. + +He went to Paris, and organized a company to buy from Portugal certain +lands in Africa which should include Delagoa Bay, its ports and customs. + +To prevent England getting any knowledge of what was going on, the +matter was arranged in Paris, and appeared on the surface to be a French +speculation. + +But it has come to light that the large sums of money which will have to +be paid to conclude the matter are being subscribed in part by German +financiers, and the rest by the National Bank of the Transvaal. + +It seems that it is an arrangement between Germany and the Transvaal. + +As we have told you before, Germany is quite friendly with the South +African Republic, so much so that, at the time of the raid, the Emperor +of Germany very much displeased the English people by sending President +Krueger a telegram congratulating him on his victory over the raiders. + +It is said that neither the English nor the Boer-German offer for +Delagoa Bay has as yet been accepted by Portugal. + + * * * * * + +The news from India is of a very serious character. + +We told you some months ago how the trees in Bengal province had been +marked, and how the European residents in India feared that it might be +the signal for another mutiny. + +It would almost seem that their fears were well grounded. + +On the clay of the Jubilee celebration in India the natives killed +Government officers in various parts of the country, and assumed a +hostile and impudent attitude toward Europeans generally. + +Last week a riot broke out in one of the suburbs of the city of +Calcutta, and for more than forty-eight hours the mob held the town. + +The trouble arose over a mosque or Mohammedan temple. + +It is contrary to the rules of their religion to allow mosques to be +built on ground that belongs to unbelievers, but of late the Moslems +have been seizing on buildings owned by Europeans and Hindoos, +converting them into mosques, and then refusing to pay rent for them. + +This practice has annoyed the land-owners very much, and at last one +owner, a Hindoo, determined to put an end to the nuisance. + +The Mohammedans had seized a mud hut which he owned, and as usual they +refused to pay rent for it. The Hindoo appealed to the British +Government, and under its protection sent workmen over and had the hut +demolished. + +This enraged the Mohammedans. + +The hut had been converted into a mosque, and they regarded its +destruction as a wicked act. + +They rose against the Europeans under whose authority this had been +done, attacked them, and the soldiers had to be called out to quell the +disturbance. + +The riots lasted for two days. At the end of that time it was reported +that to pacify the mob the authorities had given them possession of the +land on which the mosque had stood. + +The European residents were very angry when this news reached them. They +feared that it would make the people still more unruly, as they would be +sure to think the authorities were afraid of them if they gave in to +their demands. + +This prediction appears to have been correct, for even after the rioters +had been subdued, it was unsafe for Europeans to venture into some parts +of Calcutta without protection. + +It is stated that the authorities did not really give up the land, but +only allowed the rumor to be circulated for the sake of pacifying the +mob. The police have possession of the disputed property, and will not +allow any one to approach it. + +It has developed that notwithstanding the fact that the owner of the +land was a Hindoo, there is no really bad feeling between the Hindoos +and the Mohammedans, but that both have combined against the Europeans. + +It is distinctly an anti-European feeling. British authority is openly +defied by the natives, and the situation is regarded as very grave. + +In Simla, which is the summer home of the Viceroy of India, there has +been more rioting. + +A mob tried to seize upon a mosque, but the police and soldiers opened +fire on them, and a serious fight ensued. + +The mob was finally repulsed, and the leader arrested. + +Simla, which is one of the most fashionable of the Indian summer +resorts, is built high up among the Himalayan Mountains. + +The seat of the government of India is really in Calcutta, but the heat +there is so intense during the summer months that the Europeans cannot +endure it. + +For fully half the year the Viceroy, who is the representative of the +Queen, moves up to Simla, with his council and household, and the +government is carried on there. + +That riots should have occurred at the seat of government makes the +Europeans still more uneasy. + +Nor are these the only disturbances we have to record. + +In a recent number we told you about the attack on one of the government +officials in the Fochi Valley. + +There has been a fresh outbreak in the same place. A number of coolies +or porters, who were carrying provisions, were attacked and robbed. + +This time the attacking party did not meet with such success. The +military commanders have been on the alert since the last outrage, and +no sooner was the news of the attack telegraphed, than a body of cavalry +started in pursuit of the offenders. + +They were overtaken before they had time to reach their hill dwellings, +and fifty of them were captured and brought back as prisoners. + +It is little to be wondered at that these various disturbances, coming +so closely one upon the other, should be causing the Europeans in India +a great deal of uneasiness. + +It may be that the memories of the mutiny make them a little +over-anxious, but the situation is certainly very serious. + + * * * * * + +There is a report that the Siamese have invaded the French possessions +in Indo-China. + +The French colonies in Asia consist of Cochin China, Tonquin, Anam, and +Cambodia, and since the year 1896 a large portion of Siam has been added +to them. + +All these provinces lie to the east of Burmah and Siam, at the extreme +southeast of Asia. + +The telegrams state that Cambodia has been invaded by the Siamese, who +have pillaged and burned many villages and carried off a number of +prisoners. + +In Bangkok, which is the capital of Siam, and also in the provinces +ceded to France, French authority is no longer acknowledged. + +The Siamese demand taxes of the people, and when they insist that they +are under French protection and must pay their taxes to France, their +claims are not listened to. All their papers which relate to the subject +are destroyed, and they are forced to pay the taxes demanded. + +When the French in their turn ask for the taxes, the people naturally +refuse to pay them twice; then there are lawsuits, and the people who +will not pay are brought before the judges. + +This, however, does little good to the French, for the courts refuse to +hear French complaints. + +Some of the Cambodian chiefs who are under French protection have been +arrested by the Siamese, thrown into prison, and kept there many months +without being brought to trial. + +It is thought that the King of Siam needs a lesson to teach him to be +more respectful to his European neighbors. + +You remember that in the case of United States Vice-Consul Mr. Kellet at +Bangkok, that the trouble arose from the Siamese trying to seize the +property of an American citizen named Cheek, and that Siam did not want +to make amends for the wrong. + +It seems that the French difficulty arises from much the same cause. The +Siamese Government does not like to see the taxes going out of its +hands, and so, despite its treaties, seizes them for itself. + +The spread of civilization into Asia has taught these Eastern monarchs +many things, and they are no longer simple, docile people, who can be +overawed by the knowledge and power of the Europeans. + +The Japanese have recently come to the front as a nation, and it would +not be surprising if the Siamese followed their example. + +The King of Siam, who has just been visiting Europe to attend the +Jubilee celebrations, appears to be a clever and progressive monarch. + +He has been visiting Rome, and has of course been taken to see the +wonderful art treasures that this very ancient city contains. His guides +were much impressed by the correct taste the King displayed in matters +of art. They declare that no artist could have made better comments on +the various pictures and statues shown him than this King of Siam, to +whom examples of Greek art were new. + +The history of Italy and the deeds of its great men were also familiar +to this far-away King. In passing through one of the galleries he saw +the statues of King Victor Emmanuel of Italy and of Garibaldi, the two +men who had worked so bravely for the liberty of Italy. + +The King of Siam stopped before these statues, uncovered his head, and +paid silent homage to the noble deeds of these two great heroes. His +suite followed his example, all the gentlemen in his train bowing with +uncovered heads and passing silently on. + +The King also appears to have a keen sense of humor. + +He was invited by one of the scientific societies of Rome to attend a +lecture on some very deep subject, in which he was not at all +interested. + +He did not want to attend, but confided to King Humbert that he feared +the professors would call him a barbarian if he stayed away. So to the +lecture he went. + +On his return King Humbert asked him how he had enjoyed it. + +"To be frank with you," he replied, "it is even stronger at putting you +to sleep than our opium." + +When the news of the trouble in Siam was telegraphed, the King declared +that he knew nothing of the affair. If he is as clever as they say, he +probably keeps himself thoroughly acquainted with everything that is +happening in his kingdom. + +The chances are that he knows all about the matter, but does not want it +mentioned until his pleasure trip is over. + + * * * * * + +A sad story of a wrecked steamer has just reached us. + +The vessel, the _Aden_, was one of the steamers which carry passengers +from Europe to India, passing through the Suez Canal. + +Heavy winds and storms have been raging in the Indian Ocean for some +weeks past; in fact, the storms and the earthquake about which we told +you came at the same time. + +The unfortunate steamer was caught in one of these tempests, and driven +on a reef off Socotra Island. + +Socotra is at the mouth of the Gulf of Aden. It is into this gulf that +the Red Sea flows. + +As soon as the accident occurred the life-boats were launched, and some +of the passengers and crew were put aboard them. + +Unhappily the sea was running so high that the boats could not live in +it. They were soon overturned and their occupants drowned. + +Two other boats were smashed to pieces in the effort to launch them, and +finally seven persons found themselves forced to stay by the wreck. + +The accident happened in the dead of night, and until the daylight came +they were clinging together, expecting that the vessel would go down at +any moment. + +When morning came they found that the ship was so tightly wedged on the +rocks that she was not likely to sink, but they were out of sight of +land, and had no chance of rescue unless some passing vessel happened to +see them. + +To add to their misery, great waves were constantly washing over the +wreck. They had taken refuge in one of the deck cabins, and here they +were forced to stay for three or four days until the waters became +calmer. + +They were at first afraid that they would be starved, but a few biscuits +were found in the cabin, and on these they subsisted until it was safe +to cross the deck to the cook's galley without danger of being washed +overboard. Here they found provisions. + +Two women were of the party, and they appear to have behaved very well, +doing their share toward making their comrades comfortable, and +preparing the best meals they could under the circumstances. + +When the storm was so far abated that they dared to go on deck, they set +signals, in the hopes of attracting some passing vessel. + +Two vessels, however, passed without noticing them, but at last, after +fourteen days of anxiety and fear, help came to them. + +They were taken off the vessel and brought safely to land. + +The owners of the _Aden_ made full inquiry into the cause of the +disaster, and attributed it to the storm, and not to any carelessness on +the part of captain or crew. + + * * * * * + +There will have to be a new trial of the case against the Tobacco Trust, +the jury having been discharged by the court. + +We told you, in reference to the _Laurada_ trial, that it was necessary +for all the twelve jurymen to agree before a verdict could be secured. + +When a trial is finished and the case is given to the jury, the jurymen +in the charge of the sheriff are locked up in the jury-room and kept +there until they arrive at a decision or the judge dismisses them. + +When the jurors arrive in their own room, a ballot is taken, and if the +vote is not unanimous they begin a regular discussion of the case. A +foreman of the jury is chosen at the beginning of the trial, and serves +as chairman of the jury while the case is in their hands. + +After he thinks the matter has been well weighed, the foreman asks the +jurymen if they are ready to vote. Another ballot is then taken, each +man registering his opinion. + +The foreman counts the votes. + +If the jury is not all of the same way of thinking, the matter is again +discussed and a new ballot taken. + +In the Tobacco Trust trial the jury was "out," as it is called, +twenty-one hours. During that time forty ballots were taken, ten of the +jury voting "guilty" and two "not guilty." + +At the end of that time one of the jurors was taken ill. The foreman +sent a request for a doctor, and asked the judge to dismiss the jury, as +it was impossible for them to come to a decision. + +The judge has the right to keep the jury locked up until he is satisfied +that they cannot arrive at a verdict. + +In this instance he kept them three hours longer, and then, finding them +still divided ten to two, he discharged them. + +In English and American law there are only two verdicts, "Guilty" or +"Not guilty," and a person who has once been adjudged not guilty can +never be tried again for the same crime. In Scotland they have a third +verdict--"Not proven." Under this verdict a person regains his liberty, +but he can be tried again at any time that fresh evidence against him is +secured. + +The jurors would probably have agreed on the verdict of "Not proven" had +it been in use in our courts, but, as it is, there will have to be +another trial of the Tobacco Trust as soon as the District Attorney is +ready to prosecute. + + * * * * * + +People living in New York have long complained of the lack of +accommodation on the surface and elevated roads. + +During the crowded hours of the day it does not seem possible to put on +enough cars to seat the passengers. + +Men and women have to stand in these crowded cars, packed as closely as +herrings in a barrel. + +After enduring this nuisance for many years with surprising patience, +the people have at last sought the aid of the Board of Health. + +They have complained to the Board that standing in the cars is injurious +to the health of women and persons in delicate health. + +When the summer came on and the crowding nuisance was not abated, but +the discomforts were considerably increased by the neglect of the +companies to provide straps in the open cars for the people to hold on +to, the complaints increased to such an extent that the Board of Health +decided to take immediate action. + +A careful investigation was commenced, and it was found that in rounding +the curve at Fourteenth Street and Broadway, and the sharp curves at +Fifty-third Street, every person who was not provided with a seat was in +danger of losing life or limb. + +The standing passengers were jostled, jolted, and flung this way and +that, without sufficient protection against being thrown off the cars. + +Inspectors from the Health Board were stationed at the different points +to ascertain just how many persons were forced to travel in this +dangerous manner. + +The inspector detailed to watch the Lexington Avenue branch of the cable +road reported that during two hours, 1,750 had been standing up in the +135 cars that had passed him. + +From the various reports it was seen that most of this crowding could be +stopped if the companies made rules to regulate the number of passengers +allowed in each car, and provided enough cars to accommodate their +patrons. + +When the reports were all in, the Health Board met to discuss the +matter. + +One of its members is the President of the Board of Police. His +department has had a great deal of trouble with the Broadway Cable +Company. + +It has been necessary to station extra policemen along the route to help +people to cross the tracks in safety. Several policemen have been +injured at the curves, and the Police Board has no love for the +railroad. + +At the meeting he introduced a resolution which he wished to make a part +of the Sanitary Code. + +The Sanitary Code is a set of rules enacted for the protection of the +lives and health of the citizens. These rules relate to all matters that +concern our daily life. They prohibit unhealthy businesses being carried +on. They require that tenement houses shall be properly built, drained, +etc. They prevent the keeping of cows, pigs, or poultry within city +limits. They regulate the sale of provisions, and prevent unwholesome +food being sold in the city. Under these rules, all the meat that is +dressed for market within the limits of the city is inspected, and must +be prepared in a certain manner. No one can offer milk for sale without +a permit from the Board of Health, and this permit is only granted when +the inspectors have assured themselves that the applicants have clean +and airy places in which to handle the milk. + +The Sanitary Code covers everything that applies to our health and +comfort, and, as you may suppose, its rules are very far-reaching. + +The new rule proposed by the Police Commissioner is to the effect that +no surface car shall be sent around any curve at a greater rate of speed +than two miles an hour. + +This rule, if passed, will put an end to the horrors of Dead Man's +Curve, as the Fourteenth-Street curve has come to be called, for at this +slow pace the passengers will have no difficulty in keeping their feet, +and the pedestrians will easily be able to get out of the way of the +cars. + +It will be two weeks before this rule can be made part of the Sanitary +Code, and during that time arguments for and against it will be heard by +the Department. + +If the Health Board will only follow this rule with another, forbidding +the overcrowding of cars, New Yorkers will have a chance of getting +comfortable service from the car systems. + + * * * * * + +We told you about the great Yerkes telescope some little while ago. + +It has, if you remember, the largest lens in the world, and with it +astronomers can look farther into space than with any other glass now in +existence. + +At the end of last May the big telescope was in position, and the +scientific world waited anxiously to hear of the wonders it would +reveal. + +Professor Barnard, who is in charge of the observatory, stated that it +was impossible even to guess what discoveries might be made with it. + +He stated that it allowed the observer to penetrate one-fourth farther +into space than the famous Lick telescope. It was therefore to be +supposed that some new knowledge about the moon and the planets would +soon be obtainable. + +He expected that in the course of a few weeks he would be able to give +some new information about the planet Jupiter and its moons, and Saturn +and its rings. He hoped also to give a fuller description of the hills +and valleys on the desolate surface of the moon. + +Unfortunately his hopes will not be fulfilled for a long time to come. + +But eight days after the first peep had been obtained through the great +glass, a very unfortunate accident happened in the observatory. + +The elevating floor of the telescope gave way, and fell forty feet, to +the bottom of the dome. + +Two astronomers had been observing the stars the entire night, but +happily they had left the building just before the accident occurred. As +good luck would have it, the great telescope was also uninjured, but a +great deal of damage was done to the building. + +It is estimated that it will take the whole summer to tear out the +wreckage and make the repairs. + +During that time the telescope cannot be used. This is a great +disappointment to the scientists. + +We told you of the labor entailed in the grinding of a lens. + +Mr. Alvan G. Clark, the man who made the great glass of which we have +been speaking, has just died. + +He and his father and brother had devoted their entire lives to the +making of telescopes, and made many of the famous glasses of the world. +The great glass at the Lick Observatory, which measures thirty-six +inches across, is of their manufacture. + +Their greatest triumph was the Yerkes lens, which is forty inches in +diameter, and which was completed only a few months before Mr. Clark's +death. + +This firm did a great deal to further astronomical research. Not only +did they manufacture such perfect instruments that the possibilities of +observing the stars were greatly increased, but they were close students +of the science themselves. Mr. Alvan G. Clark, in particular, made +several important discoveries, having found no less than fourteen new +stars. + + * * * * * + +We told you about the _Holland_, the new submarine boat which has just +been launched at Elizabeth-port. + +It will interest you to know that she has had a partial trial, which has +proved very satisfactory. + +While she was still at the wharf an attempt was made to submerge her. On +the turning of the lever she sank, inch by inch, until only her tower +was out of water. + +A day or two after she was taken for a spin down Staten Island Sound. + +She attracted a good deal of attention among the seamen, who looked +rather askance at the strange cigar-shaped craft that shot through the +water. + +From all accounts it would appear that her crew do not regard her with +very much favor. + +It is said that the swish of the waters against her sides can be heard +very distinctly in the engine-room, and that the crew feel somewhat +nervous about her seaworthiness. + +Several of these fish-like boats are being made just now. One has just +been completed in Wisconsin, in which it is hoped to explore the bottom +of Lakes Michigan and Huron. + +Like the _Holland_, this boat can move on the surface of the water or +dive beneath it at will. But this vessel is arranged with a view to +remaining under water for a whole day without causing any inconvenience +to the inmates. + +This is not the only kind of curious vessel that has been built lately. + +A ship has been devised, and is said to be actually building in Toronto, +Canada, which is intended to roll across the Atlantic Ocean. + +The description of this boat says that it looks exactly like a long +gas-pipe. It has neither masts nor funnels, but is made of two +cylinders, one inside the other. + +The outer case revolves, and is fitted with paddles to propel the vessel +through the water. It is claimed that by this means a very high rate of +speed can be secured. + +The inner cylinder is so arranged that it remains stationary, and in +this are the cabins, staterooms, and engine-rooms. Both cylinders have +openings at the ends, and it is through these openings that the fresh +air is communicated to the staterooms. + +Between the inner and outer cases are compartments for the cargo, which +revolves with the outer cylinder. + +It is claimed that this ship will make the trip from Liverpool to New +York in forty-eight hours. + +The boat is to be completed in a few weeks, and then we shall see for +ourselves how much truth there is in this startling assertion. + + G.H. ROSENFELD. + + + + +NEW BOOKS. + +We have received two very attractive books from Ginn & Co., Boston. + +"Short Stories from English History," by Albert F. Blaisdell (price, by +mail, 50 cents), is a collection of very attractive stories of English +history, and a book that our boys and girls will be much interested in. + +"A Few Familiar Flowers," by Margaret Warner Morley, author of those +charming books, "Song of Life," "Seed Babies," etc., will prove most +useful to any one who wishes to study in detail the familiar flowers. +Price is 70 cents by mail. + + * * * * * + + TO ANY ONE SENDING US + + [Illustration: Gold-plated Watch] + + =4= [Illustration: Flourish] + =New= + =Subscriptions= + + WE WILL SEND + EXPRESS PAID + + A stem-wind, stem-set, nickel movement, jewelled balances, + porcelain dial, highly finished throughout + + =Gold-Plated= + =Watch= + + EITHER OPEN FACE OR HUNTING CASE. ENGINE-TURNED (AS SHOWN IN CUT) + OR WITH A HANDSOME ENGRAVED DESIGN ON CASE. + +[Illustration: Divider] + +These watches are made in one of the best-known American factories, are +not clocks but real watches, and are _warranted_ to keep time +accurately. + +[Illustration: Divider] + + THE GREAT ROUND WORLD + 3 AND 5 WEST 18TH ST. NEW YORK CITY + + * * * * * + +[Illustration: Net] + +TO ANY ONE SENDING US + + =12 New ...= + =Subscribers= + + WE WILL SEND (EXPRESS PAID) A FULL + + =Lawn Tennis Set= + + CONSISTING OF + + 3 "BOY'S" RACQUETS + 1 "DRIVE" RACQUET + 4 STANDARD TENNIS BALLS + 1 NET, 27 x 3 FEET + 2 JOINTED POLES + 1 MALLET + 1 SET OF GUY ROPES + + Complete in neat box, with set of this year's rules. + +[Illustration: Divider] + + THE GREAT ROUND WORLD + 3 AND 5 WEST 18TH ST. NEW YORK CITY + + * * * * * + + TWO BRIGHT LITTLE BOOKS + + =For Our Brothers and Sisters= + +MARY CATHERINE JUDD has rewritten some of those fascinating old fairy +stories and put them in a little book called =Classic Myths=, price 50 +cents. Some of the stories are: + + =Legend of the North Wind; King Neptune and Winds and Waters; Echo, + the Air Maiden; Iris, the Rainbow Queen; Tennyson's Lullaby; + Orpheus, Myth of the South Wind; The Bag that was a Balloon; Hail, + or the Bird with Arrow Feathers; Phaeton, Myth of the Sun; Diana, + Queen of the Moon.= + +A book of the same kind for our very small brothers and sisters is +=Skyward and Back=, price 30 cents, post-paid. + +The little stories in this book are old favorites, and were selected by +other boys and girls; some of them are: + + =King Sun; Air Fairies; Ice King; Water Fairies; Cloud-land + Fairies.= + +=_Copies of these books will be sent post-paid upon receipt of price_= + + WILLIAM BEVERLEY HARISON + 3 and 5 West 18th Street, New York City + + * * * * * + +TO ANY ONE SENDING US [Illustration: Flourish] + + =5= + =New Subscribers= + +[Illustration: Seat] + + WE WILL SEND, EXPRESS PAID, THE NEW... ... ... ... ... ... + + =Messinger Bicycle Saddle= + WITH SPRING ATTACHMENT + + The hard, unyielding saddles usually put on bicycles are + uncomfortable and unhealthy. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. + +[Illustration: Seat] + +The Messinger Saddle is made of woven rattan, covered with felt and +leather, and is elastic, healthy, and comfortable. The spring attachment +is so arranged that the saddle yields to pressure on either side or both +at once, thus overcoming all jar and vibration. + + THE GREAT ROUND WORLD + 3 AND 5 WEST 18TH ST. NEW YORK CITY + + * * * * * + + =TO ANY ONE SENDING US= + + =...3...= + New Subscribers + +[Illustration: Book-Rest] + + + OAK + WE WILL SEND A WALNUT + =Lambie Book-Rest= IN CHERRY + JAPANNED + OR BRONZED + + This book-rest holds the book in any position and at any slant, so + that you can shift the book when you change your position as freely + as you can move your hand. Can be made fast to chair, table, or + lounge on either side. + + A VERY USEFUL AND CONVENIENT THING + +=And for 5 Subscribers a= + +=Lambie Dictionary-Holder= + + Can be used for any dictionary or large book. Keeps book open or + shut, as desired. Holder carries the weight and you handle it as if + it weighed nothing. Revolves, and is on castors. Can be drawn to + you with one hand. Can be raised or lowered. + +=IN OAK, WALNUT, OR CHERRY +JAPANNED OR BRONZED....= + +[Illustration: Dictionary Holder] + + THE GREAT ROUND WORLD + 3 AND 5 WEST 18TH ST. NEW YORK CITY + + * * * * * + +[Illustration: The Scientific Box Kite + +How to put in the sticks + +The Start] + + =PATENT APPLIED FOR= + =The Latest Thing...= + =Scientific Box Kite= + + To any one sending us =1= new subscriber we will send one of these + kites. + +Scientific kite flying has attracted the attention of the world. This +kite is the invention of H.H. Clayton, Chief Observer at Blue Hill +Observatory, near Boston. It is used at this and other weather stations +for sending up instruments in making observations. Kites of this type +have attained the wonderful height of 9,200 feet, nearly two miles. + +Anybody can fly this kite. It goes up straight from the hand like a +bird. Will fly in a moderate breeze, and yet no wind short of a gale is +too strong for it. It is made of strong, selected wood, and the finest +cotton, in red. + + =THE GREAT ROUND WORLD= + =3 AND 5 WEST 18TH ST. NEW YORK CITY= + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Great Round World and What Is +Going On In It, Vol. 1, No. 37, July 22, 1897, by Various + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE GREAT ROUND WORLD *** + +***** This file should be named 15828.txt or 15828.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/1/5/8/2/15828/ + +Produced by Juliet Sutherland and the Online Distributed +Proofreading Team.(www.pgdp.net) + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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