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+The Project Gutenberg EBook of Dictionary of the Chinook Jargon, or, Trade
+Language of Oregon, by George Gibbs
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: Dictionary of the Chinook Jargon, or, Trade Language of Oregon
+
+Author: George Gibbs
+
+Release Date: April 20, 2005 [EBook #15672]
+
+Language: English and Chinook
+
+Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK DICTIONARY OF THE CHINOOK ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by David Starner, Richard Prairie and the Online Distributed
+Proofreading Team.
+
+
+
+
+
+                                  SHEA'S
+
+                     LIBRARY OF AMERICAN LINGUISTICS.
+
+                                   XII.
+
+                                DICTIONARY
+
+                                  OF THE
+
+                              CHINOOK JARGON,
+
+                                    OR,
+
+                         TRADE LANGUAGE OF OREGON.
+
+                             BY GEORGE GIBBS.
+
+                                 NEW YORK:
+
+                              CRAMOISY PRESS.
+
+                                   1863.
+
+
+
+
+PREFACE.
+
+
+Some years ago the Smithsonian Institution printed a small vocabulary of
+the Chinook Jargon, furnished by Dr. B.R. Mitchell, of the U.S. Navy, and
+prepared, as we afterwards learned, by Mr. Lionnet, a Catholic priest, for
+his own use while studying the language at Chinook Point. It was submitted
+by the Institution, for revision and preparation for the press, to the
+late Professor W.W. Turner. Although it received the critical examination
+of that distinguished philologist, and was of use in directing attention
+to the language, it was deficient in the number of words in use, contained
+many which did not properly belong to the Jargon, and did not give the
+sources from which the words were derived.
+
+Mr. Hale had previously given a vocabulary and account of this Jargon in
+his "Ethnography of the United States Exploring Expedition," which was
+noticed by Mr. Gallatin in the Transactions of the American Ethnological
+Society, vol. ii. He, however, fell into some errors in his derivation of
+the words, chiefly from ignoring the Chihalis element of the Jargon, and
+the number of words given by him amounted only to about two hundred and
+fifty.
+
+A copy of Mr. Lionnet's vocabulary having been sent to me, with a request
+to make such corrections as it might require, I concluded not merely to
+collate the words contained in this and other printed and manuscript
+vocabularies, but to ascertain, so far as possible, the languages which
+had contributed to it, with the original Indian words. This had become the
+more important, as its extended use by different tribes had led to
+ethnological errors in the classing together of essentially distinct
+families. Dr. Scouler, whose vocabularies were among the earliest bases of
+comparison of the languages of the northwest coast, assumed a number of
+words, which he found indiscriminately employed by the Nootkans of
+Vancouver Island, the Chinooks of the Columbia, and the intermediate
+tribes, to belong alike to their several languages, and exhibit analogies
+between them accordingly.[A] On this idea, among other points of fancied
+resemblance, he founded his family of Nootka-Columbians,--one which has
+been adopted by Drs. Pritchard and Latham, and has caused very great
+misconception. Not only are those languages entirely distinct, but the
+Nootkans differ greatly in physical and mental characteristics from the
+latter. The analogies between the Chinook and the other native
+contributors to the Jargon are given hereafter.
+
+[Footnote A: Journal Royal Geographical Society of London, vol. xi.,
+1841.]
+
+The origin of this Jargon, a conventional language similar to the Lingua
+Franca of the Mediterranean, the Negro-English-Dutch of Surinam, the
+Pigeon English of China, and several other mixed tongues, dates back to
+the fur droguers of the last century. Those mariners whose enterprise in
+the fifteen years preceding 1800, explored the intricacies of the
+northwest coast of America, picked up at their general rendezvous, Nootka
+Sound, various native words useful in barter, and thence transplanted
+them, with additions from the English, to the shores of Oregon. Even
+before their day, the coasting trade and warlike expeditions of the
+northern tribes, themselves a sea-faring race, had opened up a partial
+understanding of each other's speech; for when, in 1792, Vancouver's
+officers visited Gray's Harbor, they found that the natives, though
+speaking a different language, understood many words of the Nootka.
+
+On the arrival of Lewis and Clarke at the mouth of the Columbia, in 1806,
+the new language, from the sentences given by them, had evidently attained
+some form. It was with the arrival of Astor's party, however, that the
+Jargon received its principal impulse. Many more words of English were
+then brought in, and for the first time the French, or rather the Canadian
+and Missouri patois of the French, was introduced. The principal seat of
+the company being at Astoria, not only a large addition of Chinook words
+was made, but a considerable number was taken from the Chihalis, who
+immediately bordered that tribe on the north,--each owning a portion of
+Shoalwater Bay. The words adopted from the several languages were,
+naturally enough, those most easily uttered by all, except, of course,
+that objects new to the natives found their names in French or English,
+and such modifications were made in pronunciation as suited tongues
+accustomed to different sounds. Thus the gutturals of the Indians were
+softened or dropped; and the _f_ and _r_ of the English and French, to
+them unpronounceable, were modified into _p_ and _l_. Grammatical forms
+were reduced to their simplest expression, and variations in mood and
+tense conveyed only by adverbs or by the context. The language continued
+to receive additions, and assumed a more distinct and settled meaning,
+under the Northwest and Hudson's Bay companies, who succeeded Astor's
+party, as well as through the American settlers in Oregon. Its advantage
+was soon perceived by the Indians, and the Jargon became to some extent a
+means of communication between natives of different speech, as well as
+between them and the whites. It was even used as such between Americans
+and Canadians. It was at first most in vogue upon the lower Columbia and
+the Willamette, whence it spread to Puget Sound, and with the extension of
+trade, found its way far up the coast, as well as the Columbia and Fraser
+rivers; and there are now few tribes between the 42d and 57th parallels of
+latitude in which there are not to be found interpreters through its
+medium. Its prevalence and easy acquisition, while of vast convenience to
+traders and settlers, has tended greatly to hinder the acquirement of the
+original Indian languages; so much so, that except by a few missionaries
+and pioneers, hardly one of them is spoken or understood by white men in
+all Oregon and Washington Territory. Notwithstanding its apparent poverty
+in number of words, and the absence of grammatical forms, it possesses
+much more flexibility and power of expression than might be imagined, and
+really serves almost every purpose of ordinary intercourse.
+
+The number of words constituting the Jargon proper has been variously
+stated. Many formerly employed have become in great measure obsolete,
+while others have been locally introduced. Thus, at the Dalles of the
+Columbia, various terms are common which would not be intelligible at
+Astoria or on Puget Sound. In making the following selection, I have
+included all those which, on reference to a number of vocabularies, I have
+found current at any of these places, rejecting, on the other hand, such
+as individuals, partially acquainted with the native languages, have
+employed for their own convenience. The total number falls a little short
+of five hundred words.
+
+An analysis of their derivations gives the following result:
+
+Chinook, including Clatsop                       200
+Chinook, having analogies with other languages    21
+Interjections common to several                    8
+Nootka, including dialects                        24
+Chihalis, 32; Nisqually, 7                        39
+Klikatat and Yakama                                2
+Cree                                               2
+Chippeway (Ojibwa)                                 1
+Wasco (probably)                                   4
+Kalapuya (probably)                                4
+By direct onomatopoeia                             6
+Derivation unknown, or undetermined               18
+French, 90; Canadian, 4                           94
+English                                           67
+
+I had no opportunity of original investigation into the Nootka proper, but
+from the few words in different published vocabularies, and from some
+imperfect manuscript ones in my possession of the Tokwaht, Nittinat, and
+Makah dialects, have ascertained the number above given. Some of the
+unascertained words probably also belong to that language. Neither was I
+able to collate the Wasco or Kalapuya, but have assigned them on the
+opinion of others. The former, also called Cathlasco, the dialect of the
+Dalles Indians, is a corrupted form of the Watlala or Upper Chinook. With
+the Chihalis, Yakama, and Klikatat, and the Nisqually, I had abundant
+means of comparison.
+
+The introduction of the Cree and Chippeway words is of course due to the
+Canadians. None have been derived from the Spanish, as their intercourse
+with the Nootka and Makah Indians was too short to leave an impression.
+Spanish words, especially those relating to horses or mules and their
+equipments, have of late come into general use in Oregon, owing to
+intercourse with California, but they form no part of the Jargon. It might
+have been expected from the number of Sandwich Islanders introduced by the
+Hudson's Bay company, and long resident in the country, that the Kanaka
+element would have found its way into the language, but their utterance is
+so foreign to the Indian ear, that not a word has been adopted.
+
+In the nouns derived from the French, the definite article _le_, _la_, has
+almost in every instance been incorporated into the word, and the same has
+in one or two instances been prefixed to nouns not of French origin.
+Besides the words created by direct onomatopoeia, there are quite a number
+which are really Indian, but have their origin in the similarity of sound
+to sense.
+
+Dr. Scouler's analogy between the Nootkan and "Columbian," or Chinook, was
+founded on the following words:
+
+_English._           _Tlaoquatch and Nutka._   _Columbian._
+ plenty,              *aya,                     *haya.
+ no,                  *wik,                     *wake.
+ water,                tchaak,                   chuck.
+ good,                *hooleish,                *closh.
+ bad,                 *peishakeis,              *peshak.
+ man,                 *tchuckoop,                tillicham.
+ woman,               *tlootsemin,              *clootchamen.
+ child,               *tanassis,                *tanass.
+ now,                  tlahowieh,                clahowiah.
+ come,                *tchooqua,                *sacko.
+ slave,                mischemas,               *mischemas.
+ what are you doing   *akoots-ka-*mamook,        ekta-*mammok.
+ what are you saying  *au-kaak-*wawa,            ekta-*wawa.
+ let me see,          *nannanitch,              *nannanitch.
+ sun,                 *opeth,                    ootlach.
+ sky,                 *sieya,                   *saya.
+ fruit,               *chamas,                  *camas.
+ to sell,             *makok,                   *makok.
+ understand,          *commatax,                *commatax.
+
+But of these, none marked with an asterisk belong to the Chinook or any of
+its dialects. The greater part of them are undoubtedly Nootkan, though
+there are errors in the spelling and, in some instances, in the meaning.
+Of the rest, the Nootkan _tchaak_ and the Chinook _tl'tsuk_ alone presents
+an analogy. _Klahowiah_ does not mean "now," nor do I believe it is
+Nootkan, in any sense. It is, as explained in the dictionary, the Chinook
+salutation, "How do you," "Good-bye," and is supposed to be derived from
+the word for _poor_, _miserable_. _Mischemas_ is not Chinook, and is
+probably not Nootkan. With the exception of Franchere, whose short
+vocabulary was published by Mr. Gallatin, and Mr. Hale, all the writers
+mentioned by Ludwig who have given specimens of the Chinook language, have
+presented it in its Jargon form, more or less mixed with the neighboring
+ones, and with corruptions of French and English words. Mr. Swan, among
+others, has been led into this error. The place of his residence,
+Shoalwater Bay, is common ground of the Chinook and Chihalis Indians, and
+the degraded remnants of the two tribes are closely intermarried, and use
+both languages almost indifferently.
+
+Setting aside interjections, common in a more or less modified form to
+several adjoining tribes, twenty-one words of those given in this
+vocabulary present noticeable analogies between the Chinook and other
+native languages. They are as follows:
+
+_English._         _Chinook._      _Hailtzuk and Belbella._
+ salmon berries,    klalilli,       olalli.
+
+
+_English._       _Chinook and Clatsop._    _Nootka._
+                                           Jewitt and Cook.
+ water,           tl'tsuk : tl'chukw,       chauk : chahak.
+
+
+_English._    _Chinook._    _Cowlitz._    _Kwantlen._    _Selish._
+ six,          tákhum,       tukh'um,      tuckhum',      táckan.
+
+
+_English._        _Chinook._    _Chihalis._    _Nisqually._
+ deep,             kellippe,     kluputl,       klep
+ glad,             kwan,                        kwal (_tame_)
+ proud,            eyútl,                       júil.
+ demon,            ichiatku,     tsiatko,       tsiatko.
+ black bear,       eitchhut,                    chetwut.
+ crow,             skaka,                       skaka.
+ oyster,           klokhklokh,   chetlókh,      klokhklokh.
+ game of "hands,"  itlokum,      setlokum.
+
+
+_English._        _Chinook._    _Yakama and Klikatat._
+ certainly,        nawitka,      n'witka.
+ always,           kwanisum,     kwálisim.
+ younger sister,   ats,          atse.
+ road,             wehut,        wiet (_far_).
+ barrel,           tamtúlitsh,   tamolitsh.
+ buffalo,          emúsmus,      músmus.
+ coyote,           itálipus,     talipa (_gray fox_).
+ mouse,            kholkhol,     khóilkhoil.
+ bread,            tsapelil,     saplil.
+ needle,           okwépowa,     kapus (_a pin_).
+
+The Clatsop (Klátsop) is merely a dialect of the Chinook (Tchinúk); the
+Cowlitz (Káualitsk), Kwantlen, Chihalis (Tsihélis), and Nisqually
+(N'skwáli), are severally languages belonging to the Sélish family. The
+Yakama and Klikatat are dialects of one of the Sahaptin languages; and the
+Tokwaht (Tokwát), Nittinat, and Makah (Maká), quoted in the dictionary,
+are dialects of the Nootka (Nútka), of which the Hailtzuk or Belbella
+(variously spelled Haeeltzuk and Hailtsa) is probably the northern type.
+It thus appears that, with two or three exceptions, the analogies of the
+Chinook, as contained in this vocabulary, are to be sought in the
+immediately adjoining tongues, or those of languages belonging to the same
+families with them; that these analogies, with perhaps one or two
+exceptions, can by no means be considered radical, and that their
+correspondence, or rather adoption, is easily accounted for by
+neighborhood and habits of intermarriage. A much more remarkable
+coincidence is the fact that two words included in this Jargon,--one from
+the Nootkan, viz., _Mawitch_, a deer, venison; and the other Chinook,
+_Mooluk_, an elk,--are also to be found in the Kowilth, the language of
+Humboldt Bay, in California. As this bay was first discovered in the
+winter of 1849-50, the words could not have been introduced by the fur
+trappers.
+
+With regard to the form into which this dictionary has been thrown, an
+explanation is necessary. The Jargon must in some degree be regarded as a
+written language, the orthography of which is English. In Mr. Hale's
+vocabulary alone has one more scientific been attempted, and of several
+other printed, and numerous manuscript dictionaries in circulation, M.
+Lionnet's alone, that I have met with, is according to the French.
+Although no fixed system of spelling exists among them, I have therefore
+deemed it best to preserve for the Jargon words that which most distinctly
+represents the common English pronunciation; while for the Indian
+derivations, I have adopted that recommended by the Smithsonian
+Institution in collecting Indian vocabularies, using the Italian sounds of
+the vowels, and representing the guttural of the German _ich_ by _kh_.
+This seemed the more proper, as the work would thereby be rendered of
+practical use, independent of what philological value it may possess.
+
+In collating the words of the present work and obtaining their
+derivations, I have been assisted by a number of friends; among whom I
+should specially mention Mr. Alexander C. Anderson, of Victoria, V.I., and
+Mr. Solomon H. Smith, of Clatsop, Oregon.
+
+
+
+
+~Bibliography of the Chinook Jargon.~
+
+
+_Journal of Travels over the Rocky Mountains._ By Rev. Samuel Parker.
+12mo. Ithaca, N.Y., 1838.
+
+"Vocabulary of the Chenook language, as spoken about Fort Vancouver," pp.
+336-338.
+
+
+_Ethnography and Philology of the United States Exploring Expedition._ By
+Horatio Hale. 4to. Philadelphia: Lea & Blanchard, 1846.
+
+A vocabulary of the "Jargon or Trade Language of Oregon," with an essay
+thereon, and phrases, is given in this work, pp. 636-650.
+
+
+_Transactions of the American Ethnological Society._ 2 vols., 8vo. New
+York: Bartlett & Welford, 1845, 1848.
+
+In vol. ii., pp. 62-70, under title of "Hale's Indians of Northwest
+America," is a partial reprint of the above.
+
+
+Rev. Z.B.Z. Bolduc, "_Mission de la Colombie._" 8vo. Quebec, 1843.
+
+The Lord's Prayer in Jargon, "et quelques mots Tchinoucs et Sneomus." The
+Snohomish is a tribe of Puget Sound. The Chinook words are merely Jargon.
+
+
+_Journal of Travels over the Rocky Mountains, &c._ By Joel Palmer. 12mo.
+Cincinnati, 1847, 1852.
+
+"Words used in the Chinook Jargon," pp. 147-152.
+
+
+_Adventures of the First Settlers on the Oregon or Columbia River, &c._ By
+Alexander Ross. 12mo. London, 1849.
+
+Ross gives a "Chinook Vocabulary," pp. 342-348, and words of the "mixed
+dialect," p. 349. His Chinook is, however, also impure.
+
+
+_Ten Years in Oregon._ By D. Lee and F.H. Frost. 12mo. New York, 1844.
+
+"A short vocabulary of the Clatsop dialect." This is likewise Jargon.
+
+
+_History, &c., of the Indian Tribes of the United States._ Collected by
+Henry R. Schoolcraft. 4to. Parts 1-5. Philadelphia, 1851, 1855.
+
+Lieut. G.F. Emmons gives a brief "Klatsop Vocabulary" in Part III., pp.
+223, 224, which is of the same character.
+
+Note 1 to article, "Philosophy of Utterance," Part V., pp. 548-551, a
+"Vocabulary of the Chinook Jargon."
+
+
+_Vocabulary of the Jargon or Trade Language of Oregon._ English, French,
+and Jargon. 8vo. Washington, 1853. pp. 22.
+
+Printed by the Smithsonian Institution, for private distribution. Without
+title-page. This is the one by M. Lionnet, before referred to.
+
+
+_The Northwest Coast; or, Three Years' Residence in Washington Territory._
+By James G. Swan. 12mo. New York: Harpers, 1857.
+
+"A vocabulary of the Chehalis and Chenook or Jargon Languages, with the
+derivation of the words used in the latter," pp. 412-422.
+
+
+_A Complete Dictionary of the Chinook Jargon._ English-Chinook, and
+Chinook-English. To which is added numerous conversations, &c. 3d edition.
+24mo, pp. 24. Portland, Oregon: published by S.J. McCormick.
+
+Several editions of this work have been published; the last which I have
+seen, in 1862.
+
+
+_Guide-Book to the Gold Regions of Frazer River._ With a map of the
+different routes, &c. 24mo, pp. 55. New York, 1858.
+
+A vocabulary of the Jargon, pp. 45-55.
+
+
+_The Chinook Jargon and English and French Equivalent Forms._ In "Steamer
+Bulletin," San Francisco, June 21, 1858.
+
+Contains an unarranged vocabulary of 354 words and phrases.
+
+
+_The Canoe and the Saddle._ By Theodore Winthrop. 12mo. Boston: Ticknor &
+Fields. 1863.
+
+"A partial vocabulary of the Chinook Jargon," pp. 299-302.
+
+
+_History of the Oregon Territory, &c._ By John Dunn. 2d edition. London,
+1846.
+
+"A few specimens of the language of the Millbank and Chinook tribes."
+_Chinook tribe:_ 50 words and phrases, including digits. These words, as
+usual, are in great part "Jargon," and belong to the Nootkan, _not_ to the
+Chinook.
+
+Besides the above, one, of which I have not the title before me, has been
+published by Mr. A.C. Anderson, and several in the newspapers of Oregon
+and Washington Territory.
+
+
+
+
+~PART I.~
+
+CHINOOK-ENGLISH.
+
+NOTE.--The references, "Hale," "Cook," "Jewitt," are respectively to
+Hale's "Ethnology of the United States Exploring Expedition," "Cook's
+Voyages," and "Jewitt's Narrative." The others, as "Anderson," "Pandosy,"
+"Shaw," "Tolmie," are from manuscript notes of those gentlemen in
+possession of the writer.
+
+
+
+
+A DICTIONARY OF THE CHINOOK JARGON.
+
+PART I. CHINOOK-ENGLISH.
+
+~A.~
+
+~Ah-ha~, _adv._ Common to various tribes. _Yes._ Expression of simple
+assent. On Puget Sound, E-ÉH.
+
+~Ah'n-kut-te~, or ~Ahn-kot-tie~, _adv._ Chinook, ANKUTTI. _Formerly;
+before now._ With the accent prolonged on the first syllable, _a long time
+ago._ Ex. Ahnkutte lakit sun, _four days ago;_ Tenas ahnkutte, _a little
+while since._
+
+~Al-áh~, _interj._ Expression of surprise. Ex. Alah mika chahko! _ah,
+you've come!_
+
+~Al-kie~, _adv._ Chinook, ALKEKH. _Presently; in a little while; hold on;
+not so fast._
+
+~Al'-ta~, _adv._ Chinook, ALTAKH. _Now; at the present time._
+
+~A-mo'-te~, _n._ Chinook, AMUTE; Clatsop, KLABOTÉ. _The strawberry._
+
+~An-áh~, _interj._ An exclamation denoting pain, displeasure, or
+depreciation. Ex. Anah nawitka mika halo shem, _ah, indeed you are without
+shame._ On Puget Sound, Ad-de-dáh.
+
+~Ats~, _n._ Chinook, idem; Yakama, ATSE (Pandosy). _A sister younger than
+the speaker._ In the original, only when used by her brother.
+
+~A-yáh-whul~, _v._ Chihalis, ATAHWUL. _To lend; borrow._
+
+~Ay-kéh-nam.~See EH-KAH-NAM.
+
+
+~B.~
+
+~Bé-be~, _n., v._ French. A word used towards children; probably a
+repetition of the first syllable of BAISER. _A kiss; to kiss._
+
+~Bed~, _n._ English, idem. _A bed._
+
+~Bit~, or ~Mit~, _n._ English, BIT. _A dime or shilling._
+
+~Bloom~, _n._ English, BROOM. _A broom._ Mamook bloom, _to sweep._
+
+~Boat~, _n._ English, idem. _A boat,_ as distinguished from a canoe.
+
+~Bos'-ton~, _n., adj._ _An American; American._ A name derived from the
+hailing-place of the first trading-ships to the Pacific. Boston illahie,
+_the United States._
+
+~Bur-dash~, _n._ Can. French, BERDACHE (Anderson). _An hermaphrodite._ The
+reputation of hermaphroditism is not uncommon with Indians, and seems to
+attach to every malformation of the organs of generation. The word is of
+very limited use.
+
+
+~C.~
+
+~Cal'-li-peen~, _n._ French, CARABINE. _A rifle._
+
+~Ca-nim~, _n._ Chinook, EKANIM. _A canoe._ Canim stick, _the cedar, or
+wood from which canoes are usually made._
+
+~Ca-po'~, _n._ French, CAPOT. _A coat._
+
+~Chah'-ko~, _v._ Nootka, Clayoquot, CHAKO; Tokwaht, TCHOKWA. _To come; to
+become._ Ex. Kansik mika chahko? _when did you come?_ Chahko kloshe, _to
+get well._
+
+~Chák chak~, _n._ Chinook, idem. _The bald eagle_ (by onoma.), from its
+scream. Of only local use on the lower Columbia.
+
+~Chee~, _adv., adj._ Chinook, T'SHI. _Lately; just now; new._ Chee nika
+ko, _I have just arrived._ Hyas chee, _entirely new._
+
+~Chet'-lo~, or ~Jet'-lo~, _n._ Chihalia, CHETLOKH. _An oyster._ Used on
+the lower Columbia.
+
+~Chet-woot~, _n._ Nisqually, idem. _A black bear._ Used only on Puget
+Sound.
+
+~Chik'-a-min~, _n., adj._ Tokwaht, TSIKAMEN; Nootka, SICKAMINNY (Jewitt);
+SEEKEMAILE (Cook). _Iron; metal; metallic._ T'kope chikamin, _silver;_ pil
+chikamin, _gold_ or _copper._ Chikamin lope, _wire; a chain._
+
+~Chik-chik~. See TSIK-TSIK.
+
+~Chil-chil~. See TSIL-TSIL.
+
+~Chitsh~, _n._ Chihalis, TSHITSH. _A grandmother._
+
+~Chope~, _n._ Chihalis, TSHUP. _A grandfather._
+
+~Cho'-tub~, _n._ Nisqually, idem. _A flea._ Used on Puget Sound.
+
+~Chuck~, _n._ Nootka, CHAUK (Cook); CHAHAK, _fresh water_ (Jewitt);
+Chinook, TLTSUK (Shortess); Clatsop, TL'CHUKW. _Water; a river or stream._
+Salt chuck, _the sea;_ skookum chuck, _a rapid;_ solleks chuck, _a rough
+sea;_ chuck chahko _or_ kalipi, _the tide rises or falls;_ saghilli _and_
+keekwillie chuck, _high_ and _low tide._
+
+~Chuk-kin~, _n., v._ Chihalis, TSUKAEN. _To kick._ Of local use only.
+
+~Close.~ See KLOSE.
+
+~Cly~, _v._ English. _To cry._
+
+~Cole~, _adj._ English, COLD. Cole illahie, _winter;_ icht cole, _a year;_
+cole sick waum sick, _the fever and ague._
+
+~Comb~, _n._ English. _A comb._ Mamook comb, _to comb;_ mamook comb
+illahie, _to harrow._
+
+~Coo'-ley~, _v._ French, COUREZ, imp. of COURIR. _To run._ Cooley kiuatan,
+_a race-horse;_ yahka hyas kumtuks cooley, _he can,_ i.e., _knows how to
+run well._
+
+~Coop'-coop~, _n._ Chinook, idem. _The smaller sized dentalium or shell
+money._ See HYKWA.
+
+~Co'-sho~, _n._ French, COCHON. _A hog; pork._ Siwash cosho, _a seal;_
+literally, _Indian pig._
+
+~Cul'-tus~, _adj._ Chinook, KALTAS. _Worthless; good for nothing; without
+purpose._ Ex. Cultus man, _a worthless fellow;_ cultus potlatch, _a
+present or free gift;_ cultus heehee, _a jest; merely laughing;_ cultus
+nannitsh, _to look around;_ cultus mitlite, _to sit idle; to do nothing;_
+cultus klatawa, _to stroll._ _Ques._ What do you want? _Ans._ Cultus,
+i.e., _nothing._
+
+
+~D.~
+
+~De-láte~, or ~De-létt~, _adj., adv._ French, DROITE. _Straight; direct;
+without equivocation._ Ex. Klatawa delett, _go straight;_ delett wauwau,
+_tell the truth._
+
+~Di-áub~, or ~Yaub~, _n._ French, DIABLE. _The devil._ Sometimes used
+combined with the article, as LEJAUB.
+
+~D'ly~, or ~De-ly~, _adj._ English, DRY. Chahko dely, _to become dry;_
+mamook dely, _to dry, v. a._
+
+~Doc'-tin~, _n._ English. _A doctor._
+
+~Dol'-la~, or ~Táh-la~, _n._ English. _A dollar; money._ Chikamin dolla,
+_silver;_ pil dolla, _gold;_ dolla siághost, _spectacles._
+
+
+~E.~
+
+~Eh-káh-nam~, _n._ Chinook, EKANAM. _A tale or story._ Used only on the
+Columbia river. Often erroneously pronounced Ay-keh-nam.
+
+~Eh-ko-li~, _n._ Chinook, ÉKOLI. _A whale._
+
+~Ee'-na~, _n._ Chinook, IINA. _A beaver._ Eena stick (literally, _beaver
+wood_), _the willow._
+
+~Ee'-na-poo~, or ~In-a-poo~, _n._ Chinook, INAPU. _A louse._ Sopen inapoo,
+_a flea._
+
+~Ek'-keh~, _n._ Chinook, EKKE. _A brother-in-law._
+
+~E'-la-han~, or ~E-lánn~, _n._ Chihalis, YELAÁN. _Aid; assistance; alms._
+Mamook elann, _to help._
+
+~E'-lip~, or ~El'-ip~, _adv._ Chihalis, ILIP. _First; before._ The
+superlative. Klatawa elip, _go before;_ elip lolo chuck, _in the first
+place carry water;_ elip kloshe, _best;_ elip tilikum, _n._ (literally,
+_the first people), a race of beings who inhabited the world before the
+Indians._
+
+~E-li'-te~, _n._ Chinook, ILAITEKH. _A slave._
+
+~E-sált'h~, or ~Ye-sált'h~, _n._ Probably Wasco. _Indian corn or  maize._
+
+
+~G.~
+
+~Get-up~, or ~Ket-op~, _v._ English. _To get up; rise._
+
+~Glease~, _n._ English, GREASE, _fat, grease, or oil._ Hyeu glease, _very
+fat;_ too-toosh glease, _butter._ See, also, LAKLES.
+
+
+~H.~
+
+~Háh-lakl~, _adj._ Chinook, HÁLAKL. _Wide; open._ Ex. Mamook hahlakl la
+pote, _open the door;_ chahko hallakl (as of the woods), _to open out;
+become less dense._
+
+~Háht-haht~, _n._ Nisqually, HATHAT. _The mallard duck._
+
+~Hák-at-shum~, _n._ English. _A handkerchief._
+
+~Ha'-lo~, _adj._ Quære u. d. not Chinook. _None; absent. Q._ Halo salmon
+mika? _have you no fish? A._ Halo, _none. Q._ Kah mika papa? _where is
+your father? A._ Halo, _he is out._ Halo wind, _breathless; dead;_ halo
+glease, _lean;_ halo ikta, _poor; destitute._
+
+~Haul~, _v._ English, idem. _To haul or pull._ Used with the active verb
+mamook; as, mamook haul.
+
+~Hee'-hee~, _n._ By onoma., HIHI (Hale). _Laughter, amusement._  Cultus
+heehee, _fun;_ mamook heehee, _to amuse;_ heehee house, _any place of
+amusement,_ as a tavern, bowling-alley, &c.
+
+~Hóh-hoh~, _n., v._ Chinook (by onoma.), HOKHHOKH. _To cough._
+
+~Hó-ku-melh~, _v._ Chihalis, idem. _To gather; to glean,_ as grain. Of
+local use.
+
+~Hóol-hool~, _n._ Chinook, KHOLKHOL; Klikatat. KHOILKHOIL. _A mouse._ Eyas
+hoolhool, _a rat._
+
+~House~, _n._ English. _A house._ Mahkook house, _a store;_ Boston house,
+_an American-built house,_ as distinguished from a lodge.
+
+~Howh~, _interj._ HAUKH. _Turn to; hurry._
+
+~How'-kwutl~, _adv._ Chinook, HAUKATLH. An expression of inability. Ex.
+Howkwutl nika klatawa? _how could I go?_
+
+~Hul-lel'~, _v., n._ Chinook, idem. _To shake._ Used with the verb mamook,
+as, mamook hullel, it becomes active.
+
+~Hul-ó-i-ma~, _n., adj._ Chinook, S'HULLOYIBA. _Other; another;
+different._ Ex. Huloima tilikum, _a different tribe or people;_ hyas
+huloima, _very different._
+
+~Humm~, _n., v._ Jargon. _A stink or smell; to stink._ An invented word.
+Humm opootsh, _a skunk._
+
+~Hunl'-kih~, _adj._ Chinook, HUNLKEKH. _Curled or curly; knotted;
+crooked._
+
+~Huy-huy~, _n., v._ Canadian French, HUI-HUI. _A bargain or exchange; to
+barter or trade._ Ex. Huyhuy la sille, _change the saddle;_ huyhuy tumtum,
+_to change one's mind._ Mr. Andersen says this is a cant word of the
+Canadians, signifying a hasty exchange. Its origin has been suggested in
+_oui oui,_ yes yes.
+
+~Hwah~, or ~Hwah-wa~, _interj._ Denotes surprise or admiration; also
+earnestness.
+
+~Hy'-ak~, _adv._, also used as imperative. Chinook, AI-AK. _Swift; fast;
+quickly; hurry; make haste._
+
+~Hy-as'~, _adj., adv._ Probably corrupted from the following. _Large;
+great; very._ The general term for size. Hyas tyee, _a great chief;_ hyas
+mahcook, _a great price; dear;_ hyas ahnkutte, _a long time ago;_ hyas
+kloshe, _very good._
+
+~Hy-iú~, _n., adj._ Nootka, IYAHISH (Jewitt); Tokwaht, AIYA. Jewitt also
+gives HYO as the name for _ten._ _Much; many; plenty; enough._ Term of
+quantity or multitude. Hyiu tilikum, _a crowd; many people;_ hyiu
+muckamuck, _plenty to eat;_ tenas hyiu, _some; a, few;_ wake hyiu, _not
+many_ or _not much._
+
+~Hy'-kwa~, or ~Hy'-a-kwa~, _n._ Nootka, HAIHWA (i-whaw, Jewitt). _The
+dentalium; the shell money or wampum of the Pacific coast._ It is used in
+strings of a fathom long; shells of not more than forty to the fathom
+being of full size, and the value increasing in proportion to their
+length. The smaller sizes are called _coop-coop_ (q.v.). These shells were
+formerly obtained by the Indians of the west coast of Vancouver Island,
+and passed in barter as low down as California, and eastward to the
+Blackfoot country.
+
+
+~I.~
+
+~Ik'-kik~, _n._ Chinook, IKKIK._A fish-hook._
+
+~Ik-poo'-ie~, _v._ Chinook, IKHPUI. _To shut._ Ikpooie la pote, _shut the
+door;_ mamook ikpooie, _to surround;_ ikpooie kwillan, _deaf._
+
+~Ikt~, or ~Icht~, _adj._ Chinook, IKHT. _One; once._ Used also as the
+indefinite article. Ikt man, _a man;_ ikt-ikt man, _some one or other;
+here and there one;_ ikt nika klatawa kopa yakka house, _I have been once
+to his house._
+
+~Ik'-tah~, _pron._ Chinook, IKTA. _What._ Iktah okook, _what is that?_
+iktah mika tikegh, _what do you want?_ iktah, _well, what now?_
+
+~Ik'-tah, _n._ From the foregoing. _A thing; goods; merchandise;
+clothing._ Hyiu tenas iktah, _a great many trifles._ The use of the same
+word for _what_ and for _things,_ has been noticed in some other languages
+of this coast.
+
+~Il'-la-hie~, _n._ Chinook, ILAHEKH. _The ground; the earth; dirt._ Tipso
+illahie, _prairie;_ saghallie illahie, _mountains, or high land; heaven;_
+hyiu illahie kopa, _dirty_ (literally, _much dirt upon_).
+
+~In'-a-ti~, or ~Een-a-ti~, _prep., adv._ Chinook, INATAI. _Across;
+opposite to; on the other side of._ Inati chuck, _on the other side of the
+river;_ klatawa inati, _to cross over._
+
+~Ip'-soot~, _v. a., v. n._ Chinook, ALHUPSO. _To hide one's self, or any
+thing; to keep secret._ Ipsoot klatawa, _to steal off;_ ipsoot wau-wau,
+_to whisper._
+
+~Is'-ick~, _n._ Chinook, ISIK. _A paddle._ Mamook isick, _to paddle._
+
+~Is'-ick stick~, _n._ Chinook and English. _The ash._ Literally,
+_paddle-wood._
+
+~Is'-kum~, _v._ Chinook, idem. _To take; take hold of; hold; get._ Iskum
+okook lope, _hold on to that rope;_ mika na iskum? _did you get it?_
+
+~It'-lan~, or ~It'h-lan~, _n._ Chinook, ITHLANA. _A fathom; the length of
+the extended arms._
+
+~It'-lo-kum~, _n._ Chinook, idem; Chihalis, SETLOKUM. _The game of
+"hand,"_--a common amusement. Mamook itlokum, _to gamble._
+
+~Itl'-wil-lie~, _n._ Chinook, ETLWILI. _The flesh; meat of any animal._
+Konaway nika itlwillie sick, _all my flesh is sore._
+
+~Its'-woot~, or ~Its'-hoot~, _n._ Chinook, EITSHHUT. _A black bear._
+Itshoot paseesie, _thick dark cloth or blankets._
+
+
+~K.~
+
+~Kah~, _adv._ Chinook, KAKH. _Where; whither; whence._ Kah mika mitlite?
+_where do you live?_ konaway kah, _everywhere;_ kah-kah, _here and there._
+
+~Kah'-kah~, _n._ Chinook and Nisqually (by onoma.), SKAKA. _A crow._
+
+~Káh-kwa~, _adv._ Nootka; Tokwaht, ACHKO. _Like; similar to; equal with;
+as._ Kahkwa nika tumtum, _so I think_ (literally, _such [is] my heart_);
+kahkwa hyas nika, _as large as I;_ kahkwa spose, _as if;_ kloshe kahkwa,
+_that is right; good so._
+
+~Kah'-na-way~, _n._ Chinook, T'KANAWÉ. _Acorns._ Kahnaway stick, _the
+oak._ Used only on the Columbia river.
+
+~Káhp-ho~, _n._Chinook, idem. _An elder brother, sister, or cousin._
+
+~Káh-ta~, _adv._ Chinook, KÁTA. _How; why._ Kahta mika mamook okook? _why
+do you do that?_ kahta mika chahko? _how did you come?_ kahta mika? _what
+is the matter with you?_ pe kahta? _and why so?_
+
+~Kal-ak-a-láh-ma~, _n._ Chinook, OKALAKALAMA. _A goose._ Used on the lower
+Columbia river.
+
+~Kal-a-kwáh-tie~, _n._ Chinook, KALAKWATI; Clatsop, KL'WHELATL. _The inner
+bark of the cedar_ (thuja); _the petticoat, or skirt, formerly worn by
+women, and often made of strands of bark._ Kalakwahtie stick, _the
+cedar-tree._
+
+~Ka-li'-tan~, _n._ Chinook, TKLAITAN. _An arrow; shot; a bullet._ Kalitan
+le sac, _a quiver; a shot-pouch._
+
+~Kal-lak'-a-la~, or ~Kul-luk'-ul-la~, _n._ Chinook, KALÁKALA. _A bird._
+
+~Kám-ass~, or ~Lá-kam-ass~, _n._ Nootka. _The Scilla esculenta,_--a
+bulbous root used for food by the Indians. Jewitt gives CHAMASS as the
+Nootka for _fruit,_ also for _sweet, or pleasant to the taste._
+
+~Kám-ooks~, _n._ Chinook, KLKÁBOKES. _A dog._ Kahkwa kamooks, _like a dog;
+beastly._
+
+~Ka-mo'-suk~, _n._ Chinook, idem. _Beads._ Tyee kamosuk (chief beads),
+_the large blue glass beads._
+
+~Kap-su-ál-la~. Quære u. d. _To steal._ Kapsualla klatawa, _to steal
+away;_ kapsualla mamook, _to do secretly._
+
+~Kát-suk~, or ~Kót-suk~, _n._ Chinook, idem. _The middle or centre of any
+thing._
+
+~Kau'-py~, _n._ English. _Coffee._
+
+~Ka-wák~, _v._ Chihalis, KAUAK. _To fly._ Not in general use.
+
+~Káw-ka-wak~, _adj._ Chinook, KÂKAWAK. _Yellow, or pale green._
+
+~Keé-kwil-lie~, _prep._ Chinook, KIK'HWILI. _Low; below; under; beneath;
+down._ Mamook keekwillie, _to lower;_ mitlite keekwillie, _to set down;
+put under._ Not used in the sense of "down stream."
+
+~Keep'-wot~, _n._ Chinook, OKWÉPOWA; Yakama, KAPUS, _a pin_ (Pandosy). _A
+needle; the sting of an insect; a thorn._ Shoes keepwot, _an awl._
+
+~Keh'-loke~, _n._ Chinook, idem. _A swan._ Of local use only.
+
+~Keh'-see~, or ~Ki'-su~, _n._ Chinook, EKÉSO. _An apron._
+
+~Kéh-wa~, _adv._ Quære u. d. _Because._ Not in common use.
+
+~Kel'-a-pi~, or ~Ká-la-pi~, _v._ Chinook, KELAPAI. _To turn; return;
+overturn; upset._ Kelapi canim, _to upset a canoe;_ hyak kelapi, _come
+back quickly;_ kelapi kopa house, _go back to the house;_ mamook kelapi,
+_to bring, send, or carry back;_ kelapi tumtum, _to change one's mind._
+
+~Kes'-chi~, or ~Kéh-tsie~. Chinook, KUKHTSI (Anderson). _Notwithstanding;
+although._ Keschi yakka mamook kahkwa, _although he did so._ Not in common
+use.
+
+~Ket'-ling~, or ~Kit'-ling~, _n._ English. _A kettle; can; basin, &c._
+
+~Kil-it'-sut~, _n._ Chinook, OKWILIKTSHUT. _Flint; a bottle; glass._
+
+~Kim'-ta~, or ~Kim-tah'~, _prep._ Chinook, KIMTA. _Behind; after;
+afterwards; last; since._ Klatawa kimtah, _go behind;_ nika elip, pe yakka
+kimtah, _I first, and he afterwards;_ okook kimtah, _the one behind;_
+kimtah nika nannitsh mika, _since I saw you._
+
+~King Chautsh~, _adj._ English, KING GEORGE. _English._ King chautshman,
+_an Englishman._
+
+~Ki'-nootl~, or ~Ki'-noos~, _n._ Chinook, EKAINUTL. _Tobacco._
+
+~Kish-kish~, _v._ Chinook, idem. _To drive,_ as cattle or horses.
+
+~Kiu'-a-tan~, _n._ Chinook, IKIUATAN. Cooley kiuatan, _a race-horse;_
+stone kiuatan, _a stallion._
+
+~Ki'-wa~, _adj._ Wasco, KAIWA (Shaw). _Crooked._ Of only local use.
+
+~Ki'-yah~, _n._ Chihalis, KAIYAKH. _Entrails._
+
+~Klah~, _adj._ Chinook, KLAKH. _Free or clear from; in sight._ Ex. Chee
+yakka klah, _now he is in sight;_ klatawa klah, _to escape, as a
+prisoner;_ chahko klah (of seed), _to come up;_ (of the woods), _to open
+out;_ (of the weather), _to clear up;_ mamook klah, _to uncover._ Mr.
+Anderson gives as the original meaning, _to open out or appear._
+
+~Klah-hanie'~, or ~Klagh-anie'~, _adv._ Chinook, KLAKHANI. _Out of doors;
+out; without._ Ex. Mamook klaghanie okook, _put that out;_ klatawa
+klaghanie, _to go out._
+
+~Kla'-how-ya.~ The ordinary salutation at meeting or parting. _How do you
+do? good-bye;_ as, klahowya sikhs, _good-bye, friend._
+
+~Kla-hów-yum~, _adj., n._ Chinook, KLAHÁUIA. _Poor; miserable; wretched;
+compassion._ Ex. Hyas klahowyum nika, _I am very poor;_ mamook klahowyum,
+_to take pity on; give alms; be generous._
+
+The salutation above given probably originated in some whining reply to
+the first whites, and a distinction has since arisen between the two modes
+of spelling, which is, however, purely arbitrary.
+
+~Kláh-wa~, _adv._ Chinook, KLAWAKH. _Slow; slowly._ Ex. Klatawa klahwa,
+_go slowly._
+
+~Klak~, _adv._ Chinook, KLAKW. _[To take] off._ Ex. Mamook klak stone
+kiuatan, _to castrate a horse;_ mamook klak l'assiette, _take off the
+plates;_ klak kopa wayhut, _get out of the road._
+
+~Klák-sta~, or ~Kluk'-sta~, _pron._ Chinook, T'KLUKSTA. Ex. Klaksta mamook
+okook? _who made or did that?_ halo klaksta, _no one._
+
+~Klák-wun~, or ~Kléh-kwan~, _v._ Chihalis, KLAKWUN._To wipe, or lick._
+Klakwun l'assiette, _to wipe a plate._
+
+~Klale~, or ~T'klale~, _adj._ Chinook, TLEHL. _Black, or dark blue, or
+green._
+
+~Klap~, _v._ Chinook, KLAP. _To find._ Ex. Mika na klap mika kiuatan? _did
+you find your horse?_ klap tenas, _to be with child._
+
+~Kla'-pite~, _n._ Chinook, KLIPAIT. _Thread; twine._
+
+~Klás-ka~, or ~Klus'-ka~, _pron._ Chinook, KLUSKA. _They; thine; them._
+
+~Klat'-a-wa~, _v._ Nootka, KLATTUNWAH (Jewitt); Nittinat, KLATÖUKH. _To
+go._ Klatawa teáhwit, _to walk; go on foot;_ klatawa kopa kiuatan, _to
+ride;_ klatawa kopa boat, _to sail;_ mamook klatawa, _to send._
+
+~Kla-wháp~, _n._ Chinook, KLHUAP. _A hole._ Mamook klawhap, _to dig a
+hole._
+
+~Klem'-a-hun~, _v._ Chihalis, idem. _To stab; to wound; to dart; to cast
+as a spear; to hook or gore as an ox._ Nika klemahun samun, _I spear
+salmon._
+
+~Klihl~, or ~Klilt~, _adj._ Chinook, KLIHL. _Bitter._ Not of universal
+use. Mr. Hale makes it KLITL, _sour._
+
+~Klik'-a-muks~, _n._ Chinook, KLIKABUKS. _Blackberries,_ or more properly
+_dewberries._
+
+~Klik'-wal-lie~, or ~Kloke'-wal-lie~. Chinook, KLIKWALI. _Brass wire; an
+armlet or bracelet of brass wire._ Mr. Anderson gives the original meaning
+as simply _brass._
+
+~Klim-in'-a-whit~, _n., v._ Chinook, KLIMINAWHUT. _A lie; to lie._ Hyas
+kumtuks kliminawhit, _he is a great liar_ (literally, _he knows well how
+to lie_).
+
+~Klim'-min~, or ~Klimmin-klimmin~, _adj._ Chinook, TKLEMIN-TKLEMIN. _Soft;
+fine in substance._ The reduplication denotes the diminutive, but in
+jargon it is generally used singly. Ex. Klimmin sapoleel, _flour;_ klimmin
+illahie, _mud; marshy ground;_ mamook klimmin, _to soften as by dressing a
+skin._
+
+~Klip~, _adj._ Chinook, KELIPE; Chihalis, KLUPUTL; Nisqually, KLEP. _Deep;
+sunken._ Klip chuck, _deep water;_ klip sun, _sunset._
+
+~Klis'-kwiss~, _n._ Chinook, idem. _A mat._
+
+~Klógh-klogh~, _n._ Chinook, OKLÓKHKLO. _Oysters._ The word is common to
+the Puget Sound tribes, as well as to the Chinooks.
+
+~Klo-náss~, _adv._ Chinook, idem. Expression of uncertainty or doubt.
+_Perhaps; I don't know; may be so; who knows?_ Equivalent to the Spanish
+_quien sabe._ Ex. Klonass nika klatawa, _perhaps I shall go. Q._ Kah mika
+kahpho? _where is your brother? A._ Klonass, _I don't know._
+
+~Klone~, _adj._ Chinook, TKLON. _Three._
+
+~Klook~, _adj._ English. _Crooked._ Klook teáhwit, _broken legged; lame._
+
+~Klootch-man~, _n._ Nootka and Tokwaht, KLUTSMA. _A woman;_ a female of
+any animal. Tenas klootshman, _a girl;_ klootchman kiuatan,  _a mare._
+
+~Klose~, or ~Kloshe~, _adj., adv._ Nootka; Tokwaht, KLOHTL; Makah,
+KLOTELO; Nisqually, KLOB. _Good; well; well enough._ Kloshe nannitsh,
+_look out; take care;_ hyas kloshe, _very well._
+
+~Klose-spose~. Nootka, KLOHTL; English, SUPPOSE. _Shall or may I; let me._
+Ex. Klose-spose nika mamook pia okook? _shall I cook that?_ (literally,
+_[is it] good that I make cook that?_).
+
+~Klugh~, or ~Klugh-klugh~. Chinook, KLUKH. _To tear._ Mamook klugh
+illahie, _to plough_ (literally, _to tear the ground_).
+
+~Kluk-ulh'~, or ~Klak-alh'~, _adj._ Chihalis, TLUKUTLH. _Broad or wide,_
+as of a plank.
+
+~Ko~, _v._ Chinook, idem. _To reach; arrive at._ Chee klaska ko, _they
+have just come;_ kansih nesika ko kopa Nisqually? _when shall we reach
+Nisqually._
+
+~Ko'-ko~, _v._ Chinook (by onoma). _To knock._ Koko stick, _a
+wood-pecker._
+
+~Kok'-shut~, _v._ Nootka, KAKHSHETL; Klaokwat, KWÁCHITL. In the original,
+_dead._ _To break; broken; to beat._ Hyas kokshut, _broken to pieces._
+
+~Kon'-a-way~, _adj._ Chinook, KÁNAWÉ. _All; every._ Klaska konaway
+klatawa, _they have all gone;_ konaway tilikum, _everybody;_ konaway kah,
+_everywhere._
+
+~Koo'-sah~, or ~Kó-sah~, _n._ Chinook, EKÓSAKH. _The sky._ Only used on
+the Columbia.
+
+~Ko'-pa~, _adv., prep._ Chinook, idem. _To; in; at; with; towards; of;
+about; concerning; there or in that place._ Ex. Kopa nika house, _at my
+house;_ lolo okook kopa mika, _take that home with you_ (equivalent to the
+French _chez vous_); cultus kopa nika, _it is nothing to me. Q._ Kah okook
+lope? _where is that rope? A._ (motioning with the chin towards the place)
+Kopáh.
+
+~Ko-pet'~, _v., adv._ Chinook, idem. _To stop; leave off; enough._ Kopet
+wau-wau, _stop talking;_ kopet ikt, _only one;_ kopet okook, _that's all;_
+wake siah kopet, _nearly finished;_ kopet tomalla, _day after to-morrow._
+
+~Kow~, _v._ Chinook, KAU-KAU. _To tie; to fasten._ Kow mika kiuatan, _tie
+your horse;_ ikt kow, _a bundle._
+
+~Kull~, _adj._ Chinook, K'HUL-K'HUL. _Hard in substance; difficult._
+Chahko kull, _to become hard;_ mamook kull, _to harden; to cause to become
+hard;_ hyas kull spose mamook, _it is very hard to do so;_ kull stick,
+_oak or any hard wood._
+
+~Kul-lagh'~, or ~Kul-lagh'-an~, _n._ Chihalis, KULLAKH; Lummi, KULLUKHAN.
+_A fence; a corral, or inclosure._ Kullagh stick, _fence rails._ In the
+original, it meant the stockade with which Indian houses are often
+surrounded.
+
+~Kum'-tuks~, or ~Káme-taks~, _v._ Nootka, KOMMETAK (Jewitt); Tokwaht,
+KUMITUKS; Clayoquot, KEMITAK. _To know; understand; be acquainted with;
+imagine; believe._ Mamook kumtuks, _to explain; teach;_ hyas kumtuks
+solleks (literally, _well to understand anger), to be passionate;_ kopet
+kumtuks, _to forget;_ halo kumtuks, _stupid; without understanding;_ (of a
+horse) hyas yakka kumtuks cooley, _he can run fast_ (literally, _he knows
+well to run_); kumtuks kliminawhit, _to be a liar; to understand lying;_
+nika kumtuks okook tyee, _I know that chief;_ nika kumtuks Klikatat
+wau-wau, _I understand the Klikatat language._
+
+~Kun'-a-moxt~, _adj._ Chinook, KONAWAY MOXT. _Both; together_ (literally,
+_all two_). Kunamoxt kahkwa, _both alike._
+
+~Kun'-sih, Kan'-sih, Kun'-juk, Kun'-jie~, _adv._ Chinook, KUNSÉUKH. _How
+many; when; ever._ Kunsih tilikum mitlite? _how many people are there?_
+kunsih mika klatawa? _when do you go?_ wake kunsih, _never;_ mamook
+kunsih, _to count._
+
+~Kush'-is~, _n._ Chihalis, KOSHIS. _Stockings._ In the original, any
+elastic article of dress. Not in general use.
+
+~Kwah'-ne-sum~, _adv._ Chinook, KWÁNISUM; Yakama, KWÁLISIM. _Always;
+forever._
+
+~Kwáh'-nioe~, _n._ Klikatat, KWADDIS. _A whale._
+
+~Kwáhta~, _n._ English. _The quarter of a dollar._ The quarter of any
+number is usually expressed in Jargon by _tenas sitku,_ i.e., _a small
+half._
+
+~Kwah'-tin~. See YAKWAHTIN.
+
+~Kwaist~, or ~Kweest~, _adj._ Chinook, KWAITST. _Nine._
+
+~Kwa-lal'-kwa-lal'~, _v._ Chinook, KWULLIL-KWULLIL. _To gallop._
+
+~Kwal'h~, _n._ Chihalis, KWATLH. _An aunt._
+
+~Kwann~, _adj._ Chinook, KWAN-KWAN. _Glad._ According to Mr. Anderson, it
+means a custom or habit. It is used by some in this sense as _tamed_ or
+_broken,_ as of a horse (McCormick). KWAL is Nisqually for _tame._
+
+~Kwass~, _adj._ Chinook, idem. _Fear; afraid; tame._ Mamook kwass, _to
+frighten; to tame._
+
+~Kwates~, or ~Kwehts~, _adj._ Chihalis, KWETS. _Sour._
+
+~Kwéh-kweh~, _n._ Chinook, OKWÉKWE (by onoma). _A mallard duck._ Used
+chiefly at mouth of the Columbia.
+
+~Kwék-wi-ens~, _n._ Chihalis, idem. _A pin._ Of limited use.
+
+~Kwéo-kwéo~, _n._ Chinook, T'KWEO-KWEO. _A ring; a circle._
+
+~Kwetlh~, _adj._ Chihalis, idem. (Anderson). _Proud._ Not in general use.
+
+~Kwin'-num~, _adj._ Chinook, KWENEM. _Five._
+
+~Kwish~, or ~Kweesh~, _interj._ Refusing any thing contemptuously.
+Equivalent to "_No you don't._" Used on the lower Columbia.
+
+~Kwit'-shad-ie~, _n._ Nisqually, KWUTSHDIE. _The hare or rabbit._ Confined
+to Puget Sound.
+
+~Kwo-lann'~, or ~Kwo-lah'-nie~, _n._ Chihalis, KWOLÁN; Nisqually, KWILANI.
+_The ear._ Halo kwolann, or, ikpooie kwolann, _deaf._
+
+~Kwulh~, or ~Kwult~, _v._ Chinook, KWULT'H. _To hit; to wound with an
+arrow or gun; to strike with a slick or stone; or in any manner without
+cutting; to hit._
+
+~Kwun'-nun~, _n._ Chihalis, idem. _A count; numbers._ Ex. Mamook kwunnun,
+_to count._ Of merely local use.
+
+~Kwutl~, _adj._ Chinook, idem. Literally, _fast._ _To push or squeeze,_ as
+in packing; hyas mamook kwutl, _haul tight._
+
+
+~L.~
+
+~La-bleed'~, _n._ French, LA BRIDE. _A bridle._
+
+~La-boos'~, _n._ French, LA BOUCHE. _The mouth; mouth of a river._ Moxt
+laboos, _the forks of a river._
+
+~La-boo-ti'~, _n._ French, LA BOUTEILLE. _A bottle._
+
+~La-ca-lat'~, _n._ French, LA CAROTTE. _A carrot._
+
+~La-ca-set'~, _n._ French, LA CASETTE. _A box, trunk, or chest._
+
+~La-clo-a~, _n._ French, LA CROIX. _A cross._
+
+~Lagh~, _v._ Chinook, LAKH. _To lean; to tip, as a boat; to stoop; to bend
+over, as a tree._ Wake mika lagh kopa okook house, _don't lean against
+that house._
+
+~La-gome~, _n._ French, LA GOMME. _Pitch; glue._ La gome stick,
+_light-wood; the pitch-pine._
+
+~La-gwin'~, or ~La-kween'~, _n._ Quære u. d. _A saw._
+
+~La-hál.~ See SLAHAL.
+
+~Lahb~, _n._ French, L'HERBE. The arbutus _uva ursi,_ the leaves of which
+are used in smoking, alone or mixed with tobacco.
+
+~La-hásh~, _n._ French, LA HACHE. _An axe or hatchet._
+
+~La-kam-mas'.~ See KAMASS.
+
+~Lak'-it~, or ~Lok'-it~, _adj._ Chinook, LAKT. _Four; four times._ Lakit
+taht-lelum, _forty._
+
+~La'-kles~, _n._ French, LA GRAISSE. _Fat; oil._ See, also, GLEASE.
+
+~La-láh~, _v._ Chinook, LAKHWHOLA. _To cheat; fool; to practise jokes._
+Mamook lalah, _to make fun._
+
+~La-lahm'~, or ~La-lum'~, _n._ French, LA RAME._An oar._ Mamook lalahm,
+_to row._
+
+~La-láng~, _n._ French, LA LANGUE. _The tongue; a language._
+
+~La-leem'~, _n._ French, LA LIME. _A file._
+
+~La-messe'~, _n._ French, idem. _The ceremony of the mass._
+
+~La-més-tin~, or ~La-mó-tchin~, _n._ French, LA MÉDECINE. _Medecine,_ not
+including magic.
+
+~Lam'-mi-eh~, or ~Lam-mi-i~, _n._ French, LA VIEILLE. _An old woman._
+
+~La-món-ti~, or ~La-mó-ti~, _n._ French, LA MONTAGNE. _A mountain._
+
+~La-peep'~, _n._ French, LA PIPE. _A tobacco-pipe._ Lapeep kullakala
+(literally, the "pipe-bird"), _the band-tailed eagle,_ as its feathers
+were used to ornament the pipe stems.
+
+~La-péhsh~, _n._ French, LA PERCHE. _A pole; the setting-pole of a boat or
+canoe._
+
+~La-pel-láh~, _v._ Quære if from the French, LE FOYER. Mamook lapellah,
+_to roast before the fire._
+
+~La-pelle'~, _n._ French, LA PELLE. _A shovel or spade._
+
+~La-pe-osh'~, _n._ French, LA PIOCHE. _A mattock; a hoe._
+
+~La-piége~, _n._ French, LA PIÉGE. _A trap._ Eena la piége, _a
+beaver-trap._
+
+~La-plash~, _n._ French, LA PLANCHE. _A board._
+
+~La-po-el'~, _n._ French, LA POÊLE. _A frying-pan._ Mamook lapoel, _to
+fry._
+
+~La-póme~, _n._ French, LA POMME. _An apple._
+
+~La-pool'~, _n._ French, LA POULE. _A fowl; poultry._ Siwash lapool, _the
+grouse._
+
+~La-poo-shet'~, _n._ French, LA FOURCHETTE. _A fork._
+
+~La-póte~, _n._ French, LA PORTE. _A door._
+
+~La-sánjel~, _n._ French, LA CINGLE. _A girth; a sash; a belt._
+
+~La-sée~, _n._ French, LA SCIE. _A saw._
+
+~La-sell'~, _n._ French, LA SELLE. _A saddle._
+
+~Lá-shal-loo~, or ~Lá-shal-lee~, _n._ French, LA CHARRUE. _A plough._
+
+~La-shán-del~, _n._ French, LA CHANDELLE. _A candle._
+
+~La-sháse~, _n._ French, LA CHAISE. _A chair._
+
+~La-shen'~, _n_ French, LA CHAINE. _A chain._
+
+~Las-siet'~, _n._ French, L'ASSIETTE. _A plate._
+
+~La-swáy~, _n., adj._ French, LA SOIE. _Silk; silken._
+
+~La-táhb~, _n._ French, LA TABLE. _A table._
+
+~La-tet'~, _n._ French, LA TÊTE. _The head._ Pil latet, _red-headed._
+
+~La-tlah'~, _n._ French, TRAIN; as, "ne faites pas de train." (Anderson).
+_A noise._ Mamook latlah, _to make a noise._
+
+~La-wen'~, _n._ French, L'AVOINE. _Oats._
+
+~La-west'~, _n._ French, LA VESTE. _A waistcoat._
+
+~Lazy~, _adj._ English, idem. _Lazy._
+
+~Le-báh-do~ (often pronounced lab'-a-do), _n._ French, LE BARDEAU. _A
+shingle._
+
+~Le-bal'~, _n._ French, idem. _A ball; bullet._ Tenas lebal, _shot._
+
+~Le-bis'-kwie~, _n._ French, LE BISCUIT. _Biscuit; crackers; hard bread._
+
+~Le-blau'~, _n., adj._ French, LE BLOND. _A sorrel horse; chestnut
+colored._
+
+~Le-clem'~, _n., adj._ French, LE CRÊME. _Cream-colored; a cream-colored
+or light dun horse._
+
+~Le-cock'~, _n._ French, LE COQ. _A cock; a fowl._
+
+~Le-doo'~, _n._ French, LE DOIGT. _A finger._
+
+~Le-gléy~, _n., adj._ French, LE GRIS, or English GRAY, with French
+article. _A gray horse; gray._
+
+~Le-jaub'~. See DIAUB.
+
+~Le-kléh~, _n._ French, LE CLEF. _A key._ Mamook le kleh, _lock the door._
+
+~Le-kloo'~, _n._ French, LE CLOU. _A nail; nails._
+
+~Le-koo'~, _n._ French, LE COU. _The neck._
+
+~Le-ky'e~, _n., adj._ Mr. Anderson derives this from a Canadian word
+_caille,_ meaning _a piebald horse._ In its jargon use, it means, also, _a
+spot, spotted,_ or _speckled;_ as, lekye salmon, _the spotted or winter
+salmon_ (_salmo canis,_ Suckley).
+
+~Le-lo'-ba~, _n._ French, LE RUBAN. _A ribbon._
+
+~Le-loo'~, _n._ French, LE LOUP. _A wolf_ (the large wolf).
+
+~Le-máh~, or ~Léh-ma~, _n._ French, LA MAIN. _The hand; the arm._ Kloshe
+lemah, _the right_ (literally, _the good hand_); potlatch lemah, _shake
+hands._
+
+~Le-máh-to~, _n._ French, LE MARTEAU. _A hammer._
+
+~Le-mel'~, _n._ French, LE MULET. _A mule._
+
+~Le-mo'-lo~, _n., adj._ French Canadian, LE MORON; undoubtedly a
+corruption of MARRON, _a runaway negro._ _Wild; untamed._ It applies to
+men as well as animals, as, for instance, to the tribes which have had no
+intercourse with the settlements.
+
+~Le-moo'-to~, or ~Lam'-mu-to~, _n._ French, LES MOUTONS. _Sheep._
+
+~Le-pan'~, _n._ French, LE PAIN. _Bread; raised or light bread._
+
+~Le-pee'~, _n._ French, LE PIED. _The feet._
+
+~Le-pish'-e-mo~, _n._ Quære u. d. _The saddle-blanket and housings of a
+horse._
+
+~Le-plét~, _n._ French, LE PRÊTRE. _A priest._
+
+~Le-pwau'~, _n._ French, LES POIS. _Peas._
+
+~Le-sak'~, _n._ French, LE SAC. _A bag; a pocket._
+
+~Le-sap'~, or ~Le-zep'~, _n._ French, LES OEUFS. _An egg; eggs._
+
+~Le-sée-blo~, _n._ French, LES ÉPERONS. _Spurs._
+
+~Le-sée-zo~, _n._ French, LE CISEAU. _Scissors._
+
+~Le-sóok~, _n._ French, LE SUCRE. _Sugar._
+
+~Le-táh~, _n._ French, LE DENT. _The teeth._
+
+~Le-whet'~, _n._ French, LE FOUET. _A whip._ Mamook lewhet, _to whip._
+
+~Lice~, _n._ English. _Rice._
+
+~Lik-pu'-hu~, or ~Lik'-po~, _n._ (Hale.) _An elder sister._ Mr. Hale gives
+this as a Chinook word. If so, it is probably a corruption of KUP'HO. It
+is not used in Jargon.
+
+~Lip'-lip~, _v._ By onoma. (Hale). _To boil_ Mamook liplip, _to make, or
+cause to boil._
+
+~Ló-lo~, _v._ Chinook, idem. Originally, to carry a child on the back. In
+Jargon, used in a more extended sense. _To carry; to load._ Lolo kopa
+tsiktsik, _to carry in a cart._ Mamook lolo kopa canim, _to load into a
+canoe._
+
+~Lo-lo'~, _adj._ Chinook, LOWULLO. _Round; whole; the entire of any
+thing._ Lolo sapeleel, _whole wheat;_ mamook lolo, _to roll up_ (Shaw).
+
+~Lope~, _n._ English, ROPE. _A rope._ Tenas lope, _a cord;_ skin lope, _a
+raw hide, riata, or thong._
+
+~Luk'-ut-chee~, or ~Lá-kwit-chee~, _n._ French, LA COQUILLE. (?) _Clams._
+Used chiefly on Puget Sound.
+
+~Lum~, _n._ English, RUM. _Spirits of any sort._
+
+
+~M.~
+
+~Máh-kook~, _v., n._ Nootka, MÁKUK; Nittinat and Tokwaht, idem; Makah,
+BÁKWATL. _To buy or sell; trade or exchange; a bargain._ As their buying
+and selling was merely barter, the same word always answered for both
+operations. Kah mika mahkook okook calipeen? _where did you buy that
+rifle?_ hyas mahkook, _dear;_ tenas mahkook, _cheap._
+
+~Máh-kook-house.~ _A trading-house or a store._
+
+~Máh-lie~, _v._ Nisqually. _To forget._ Of local use on Puget Sound.
+
+~Mahsh~, _v. a._ French, MARCHER. _To leave; to turn out; to throw away;
+to part with; remove._ Ex. Mahsh chuck kopa boat, _bail the boat out;_
+mahsh okook salmon, _throw away that fish;_ mahsh maika capo, _take off
+your coat;_ mahsh! (to a dog) _get out!_ mahsh tenas, _to have a child; to
+be delivered;_ yakka mahsh tum-tum kopa nika, _he has given me his orders,
+or told me his wishes;_ mahsh kow, _to untie;_ mahsh stone, _to castrate._
+
+~Máh-sie~, _v._ French, MERCIE. _Thank you._
+
+~Máht-lin-nie~, _adv._ Chinook, MÁTLINI. _Off shore._ (In boating), _keep
+off!_ (if on land), _towards the water._
+
+~Máht-wil-lie~, _adv._Chinook, MÁTHWILI. _In shore; shoreward._ (As a
+command), _keep in;_ (on land), _towards the woods, or the interior._
+
+~Ma-láh, _n._ Chinook, MALAGH. _Tinware; crockery; earthenware._
+
+~Mal-i-éh, _v._ French, MARIER. _To marry._
+
+~Ma'-ma~, _n._ English, MAMMA. _A mother._
+
+~Mam'-ook~, _v. a._ Nootka, MAMUK. _To make; to do; to work._ It is the
+general active verb, and is used largely in combination with nouns and
+other verbs; as, mamook chahko, _make to come, fetch;_ mamook kelipai,
+_bring or send back;_ mamook isick, _to paddle;_ mamook illahee, _to dig._
+
+~Man~, _n._ English, idem. _A man; the male of any animal._ Ex. Man
+moolock, a _buck elk;_ tenas man, _a young man or boy._
+
+~Mél-a-kwa~, or ~Mál-a-kwa~, _n._ French, MARANGOUIN. (Anderson.) _A
+mosquito._
+
+~Mel'-ass~, _n._ French, MELASSE. _Molasses._
+
+~Mem'-a-loost~, _v., n., part._ Chinook, MÉMALUST. _To die; dead._ Mamook
+memaloost, _to kill._
+
+~Me-sáh-chie~, _adj._ Chinook, MASÁCHI. _Bad; wicked._
+
+~Me-si'-ka~, _pron._ Chinook, MESÁIKA. _You; your; yours._
+
+~Mi'-ka~, _pron._ Chinook, MÁIKA. _Thou; thy; thine._
+
+~Mi'-mie~, _adv._ Chinook, MÁIAMI. _Down stream._
+
+~Mist-chi'-mas~, _n._ Quære u. d. _A slave._ Dr. Scouler gives this word
+as Nootka and Columbian. Mr. Hale makes it Chinook. It is certainly,
+however, neither Chinook nor Chihalis; and Jewitt gives _kakoelth_ as
+Nootka, while I find the Makah word _kotlo,_ and the Nittinat _kotl._
+
+~Mit-áss~, _n._ Cree, MITAS. (Anderson.) _Leggings._ A word imported by
+the Canadian French.
+
+~Mit'-lite~, _v._ Chinook, MITLAIT. _To sit; sit down; stay at; reside;
+remain._ It is also used in place of _to have_ and _to be._ Ex. Mitlite
+kopa house, _he is in the house;_ mitlite hyiu salmon kopa mika? _have you
+plenty of salmon?_ mitlite (_imp._), _sit down;_ cultus mitlite, _to stop
+anywhere without particular object;_ mitlite tenas, _to be with child;_
+mitlite keekwillie, _to put down._
+
+~Mit'-whit~, _v._ Chinook, AMETWHET. _To stand; stand up._ Mitwhit stick,
+_a standing tree; a mast._
+
+~Mokst~, _adj._ Chinook, MAKST. _Two; twice._
+
+~Moo'-la~, _n._ French, MOULIN. _A mill._ Stick moola, _a saw-mill._
+
+~Moo'-lock~, _n._ Chinook, EMÚLUK. _An elk._ This word, strangely enough,
+occurs also in the Koquilth of Humboldt Bay.
+
+~Moon~, _n._ English, idem. _The moon._ Ikt moon, _a month;_ sick moon,
+_the wane or old moon._
+
+~Moos'-moos~, _n._ Klikatat, MÚSMUS; Chinook, EMÚSMUS. _Buffalo; horned
+cattle._ The word, slightly varied, is common to several languages. Mr.
+Anderson derives it from the Cree word _moostoos,_ a buffalo, and supposes
+it to have been imported by the Canadians; but Father Pandosy makes
+_musmus_ Yakama.
+
+~Moo'-Sum~, _v., n._ Chihalis, MÚSAM. _To sleep; sleep._ Tikegh moosum,
+_or_ olo moosum, _to be sleepy_ (literally, _to want, or be hungry for
+sleep_); nika hyas moosum, _I slept very sound._
+
+~Mów-itsh~, or ~Mah'-witsh~, _n._ Nootka, MAUITSH (Hale); Nittinat,
+MOITSH, _a deer;_ Nootka, MOOWATSH, a _bear_ (Jewitt). _A deer; venison._
+Frequently used to signify a wild animal; as, huloima mowitch, _a strange
+or different kind of beast._ The meaning given in Jewitt's book is
+probably a misprint. Like _moolock,_ an elk, the word is found in the
+Koquilth of Humboldt Bay.
+
+~Múck-a-muck~, _n., v._ Quære u. d. MAKAMAK (Hale). _To eat; to bite;
+food._ Muckamuck chuck, &c., _to drink water, or other liquid._ Neither
+Chinook nor Chihalis. Mr. Anderson considers it an invented word.
+
+~Mus'-ket~, _n._ English, idem. _A gun or musket._ Stick musket, _a bow._
+
+
+~N.~
+
+~Na.~ The interrogative particle. Ex. Mika na klatawa okook sun? _do you
+go to-day?_ Interrogation is, however, often conveyed by intonation only.
+
+~Na-áh, _n._ Chinook, TLKANÁA. _A mother._ (Hale.) Peculiar to the
+Columbia, and now in fact obsolete, the Euglish MA'MA being used instead.
+
+~Nah~, _interj._ Common to several languages. _Look here! I say!_ Nah
+sikhs! _halloo, friend!_ Also used in common conversation to call
+attention to some point not thoroughly understood. In the Yakama language,
+it is the sign of the vocative; as, nah tehn! _O man._
+
+~Nan'-itsh~, _v._ Quære u. d. _To see; look; look for; seek._ Nanitsh!
+_look there!_ kloshe nanitsh! _look out! take care!_ cultus nanitsh, _to
+look round idly, or from curiosity only._ Mamook nanitsh, _to show._ The
+word is neither Chinook nor Chihalis. Dr. Scouler gives _nannanitch_ as
+Nootka and Columbian. It is possibly tbe former.
+
+~Nau'-its~, _adv._ Chihalis, NOITSH. Mr. Hale gives this for _off shore;
+on the stream._ It means, according to Mr. Anderson, the _sea-beach,_  and
+is not properly a Jargon word.
+
+~Na-wit'-ka~, _adv._ Chinook, idem; Klikatat and Yakama, N'WITKA. _Yes;
+certainly; yes indeed; to be sure._ Nawitka wake nika kumtuks, _indeed I
+don't know._ In answer to a negative question, many Indians use it as
+affirming the negative. Ex. Wake mika nanitsh? _did you not see [it]?_
+Nawitka, _I did not._
+
+~Nem, _n._ English, NAME. _A name._ Mamook nem, _to name, or call by
+name._
+
+~Ne-nám-ooks, _n._ Chinook, ENANÁMUKS. _The land otter._
+
+~Ne si'-ka~, _pron._ Chinook, NISÁIKA. _We; us; our._
+
+~Ne'-whah.~ Chinook, NIWHA. It seems to be an adverb used, as is often the
+case, as a verb, the meaning being _hither, come,_ or _bring it hither._
+Ex. Newhah nika nanitsh, _here, let me see it._
+
+~Ni'-ka~, _pron._ Chinook, NAIKA. _I; me; my; mine._
+
+~Nose~, _n._ English, idem. _The nose;_ also, _a promontory._ Boat nose,
+_the bow of a boat._
+
+
+~O.~
+
+~O'-koke~, or ~O'-kook, _pron._ Chinook, OKÖK. _This; that; it._ Iktah
+okook? _what is that?_ okook sun, _to-day;_ okook klaksta, _he who;_ okook
+klaska, _they_ (being present). It is often abbreviated to _oke;_ as, _oke
+sun._
+
+~O'-la-pits-ki~, _n._ Chinook, OÖLPITSKI. (Hale.) _Fire._ Not properly a
+Jargon word.
+
+~O'-le-man~, _n., adj._ English, OLD MAN. _An old man; old; worn out._
+Hyas oleman kiuatan, a _very old horse._ As regards articles, used in the
+sense of worn out.
+
+~Ol'-hy-iu~, _n._ Chinook, OLHAIYU. _A seal._
+
+~O'-lil-lie~, or ~O'-lal-lie~, _n._ Belbella, idem. (Tolmie.) Originally
+the salmon berry. Chinook, KLÁLELLI, _berries in general. Berries._ Shot
+olillie, _huckleberries;_ siahpult olillie, _raspberries;_ salmon olillie,
+_salmon berries,_ &c. On Puget Sound, always called OLALLIE.
+
+~O'-lo~, _adj._ Chinook, idem. _Hungry._ Olo chuck, _thirsty;_ olo moosum,
+_sleepy._
+
+~O'-luk~, _n._ Chihalis, idem. _A snake._
+
+~O'-na~, _n._ Chinook, EÓNA. _The razor fish or solen; clams._ Used only
+at mouth of the Columbia.
+
+~Oos'-kan~, _n._ Chinook. _A cup; a bowl._
+
+~O'-pe-kwan~, _n._ Chinook, ÓPEKWANH. _A basket; tin kettle._
+
+~O'-pitl-kegh~, _n._ Chinook, ÓPTLIKE. _A bow._
+
+~O'-pit-sah~, _n._ Chinook, ÓPTSAKH. _A knife._ Opitsah yakka sikhs _(the
+knife's friend), a fork._ The word is also used to denote _a sweetheart._
+
+~O'-poots~, or ~O'-pootsh~, _n._ Chinook, OBÉPUTSH, _the fundament._ _The
+posterior; the fundament; the tail of an animal._ Boat opoots, _the
+rudder;_ opoots-sill, _a breech clout._
+
+~Óte-lagh, _n._ (Hale.) Chinook, OÖTLAKH. _The sun._ Not properly a Jargon
+word.
+
+~Ow~, _n._ Chinook, AU. _A brother younger than the speaker._
+
+
+~P.~
+
+~Pahtl~, _adj._ Chinook, PÁTL. _Full._ Pahtl lum _or_ paht-lum, _drunk;_
+pahtl chuck, _wet;_ pahtl illahie, _dirty;_ mamook pahtl, _to fill._
+
+~Paint~, or ~Pent~, _n., adj._ English, PAINT. Mamook pent, _to paint._
+
+~Papa~, _n._ English, idem. _A father._
+
+~Pa'see-sie~, _n._ Chinook, PASÍSI. _A blanket; woollen cloth._
+
+~Pa-si'-ooks~, _n., adj._ Chinook, PASÍSIUKS. _French; a Frenchman._
+
+Mr. Hale supposed this to be a corruption of the French word _Français._
+It is, however, really derived from the foregoing word, PASISI, with the
+terminal UKS, which is a plural form applied to living beings. Lewis and
+Clarke (vol. ii., p. 413) give _Pashisheooks,_ clothmen, as the Chinook
+name for the whites, and this explanation was also furnished me by people
+of that tribe. It has since been generally restricted to the French
+Canadians, though among some of the tribes east of the Cascade Range, it
+is applied indiscriminately to all the Hudson's Bay people.
+
+~Pchih~, or ~Pit-chih~, _adj._ Quære u. d. _Thin in dimension,_ as of a
+board. (Shaw.) Not in common use.
+
+~Pe-chúgh~, _adj._ Chinook, PTSEKH. _Green._
+
+~Pee~, _conj._ French, PUIS. (Anderson.) _Then; besides; and; or; but._
+Pee weght, _and also; besides which;_ pee nika wauwau wake, _but I say,
+No._
+
+~Peh'-pah~, _n._ English, PAPER. _Paper; a letter; any writing._ Mamook
+pehpah, _to write._
+
+~Pel'-ton~, _n., adj._ Jargon. _A fool; foolish; crazy._ Kahkwa pelton,
+_like a fool;_ hyas pelton mika, _you are very silly._ The Indians adopted
+this word from the name of a deranged person, Archibald Pelton, or perhaps
+Felton, whom Mr. Wilson P. Hunt found on his journey to Astoria, and
+carried there with him. The circumstance is mentioned by Franchêre, in his
+"Narrative," trans, p. 149.
+
+~Pe-shak'~, or ~Pe-shuk'~, _adj._ Nootka, PESHUK; Nittinat, idem. _Bad._
+
+~Pe-what'-tie~, _adj._ Chinooi, PIHWÁTI. _Thin,_ like paper, &c.
+
+~Pi'-ah~, _n., adj._ English, FIRE. _Fire; ripe; cooked._ Mamook piah, _to
+cook; to burn;_ piah-ship, _a steamer;_ piah olillie, _ripe berries;_ piah
+sapolill, _baked bread;_ piah sick, _the venereal disease;_ saghillie
+piah, _lightning._
+
+~Pil~, _adj._ Chinook, TLPELPEL. Father Pandosy gives PILPILP, as
+signifying _red,_ in the Nez Percé or Sahaptin, also. _Red; of a reddish
+color._ Pil illahie, _red clay or vermilion;_ pil dolla, _gold;_ pil
+chickamin, _copper;_ pil kiuatan, _a bay or chestnut horse._
+
+~Pil'-pil~, _n._ Jargon. _Blood._ Mahsh pilpil, _to bleed; to menstruate._
+Derived from the foregoing.
+
+~Pish~, _n._ English. _Fish._
+
+~Pit-lilh'~, or ~Pit-hlil'~, _adj._ Quære u. d. _Thick in consistence,_ as
+molasses.
+
+~Piu-piu~, _n._ French, PUER, _to stink._ Or from the sound often uttered
+expressive of disgust at a bad smell. _A skunk._
+
+~Poh~, _v._ Chinook, idem. By onoma. Mamook poh, _to blow out or
+extinguish,_ as a candle.
+
+~Po'-lak-lie~, _n., adj._ Chinook, POLAKLI. _Night; darkness; dark._
+Tenas polaklie, _evening;_ hyas polaklie, _late at night; very dark;_
+sit-kum polaklie, _midnight_ (literally, _the half night_).
+
+~Po'-lal-lie~, _n._ Quære French, POUDRE. _Gunpowder; dust; sand._
+Polallie illahie, _sandy ground._ The word is certainly neither Chinook
+nor Chihalis.
+
+~Poo~, _n._ By onoma. (Hale). _The sound of a gun._ Mamook poo, _to
+shoot;_ moxt poo, _a double-barrelled gun;_ tohum poo, _a six-shooter._
+Nisqually, OPOO, _to break wind._
+
+~Poo'-lie~, _adj._ French, POURRI. _Rotten._
+
+~Pot'-latch~, or ~Paht'-latsh~, _n., v._ Nootka, PAHCHILT (Jewitt);
+PACHAETL, or PACHATI (Cook). _A gift; to give._ Cultus potlatch, _a
+present or free gift._
+
+~Pow'-itsh~, _n._ Chinook, PAUITSH. _A crab-apple._
+
+~Puk'-puk~, _n._ Probably an invented word. _A blow with the fist; a
+fist-fight._ Mamook pukpuk, _to box; to fight with the fists;_ pukpuk
+solleks, _to fight in anger._
+
+~Puss'-puss~, _n._ English. _A cat._ On Puget Sound, pronounced
+_pish-pish._ Hyas pusspuss, _a cougar._
+
+
+~S.~
+
+~Ságh-a-lie~, or ~Sah'-ha-lie~, _adj._ Chinook, SAKHALI; Clatsop,
+UKHSHAKHALI. _Up; above; high._ Saghalie tyee (literally, _the chief
+above_), _God._ A term invented by the missionaries for want of a native
+one.
+
+~Sail~, or ~Sill~, _n._ English, SAIL. _A sail; any cotton or linen
+goods._ Mamook sail, _to make sail;_ mamook keekwillie sail, _to take in
+sail;_ tzum sail, _printed cloth or calico._   ~Sa-kol'-eks~, or
+~Se-kol'-uks~, _n._ Chinook, TSAKÁLUKS, _leggings._ _Trowsers;
+pantaloons._ Keekwillie sakoleks, _drawers._   ~Sal-lal'~, _n._ Chinook,
+KLKWUSHALA. (SHELWELL of Lewis and Clarke.) _The sallal berry;_ fruit of
+_gualtheria shallon._
+
+~Salmon~, _n._ English, idem. _The salmon; fish generally._ Tyee salmon,
+i.e., _chief salmon, the spring salmon (salmo kwinnat,_ Rich.); masahchie
+salmon, _a winter species (salmo canis,_ Suckley); tzum salmon, _salmon
+trout._
+
+~Salt~, _n., adj._ English, idem. _Salt, or a salt taste._ Salt chuck,
+_the sea._   ~Sán-de-lie~, _n., adj._ French, CENDRÉ. _Ash-colored._
+(Anderson.) _A roan horse; roan-colored._
+
+~Sap'-o-lill~, _n._ Chinook, TSÁPELEL. _Wheat, flour, or meal._ Piah
+sapolill, _baked bread;_ lolo sapolill, _whole wheat._ The word has been
+erroneously supposed to come from the French _la farine._ It is, however,
+a true Indian word, and seems common to various Columbia river tribes.
+Pandosy gives SAPLIL as Yakama for _bread;_ Lewis and Clarke write it
+CHAPELELL.
+
+~Se-áh-host~, or ~Se-agh'-ost~, _n._ Chinook, SIÁKHOST, _the face._ _The
+face; the eyes._ Halo seahhost, _blind;_ icht seahhost, _one-eyed;_ lakit
+seahhost (_four eyes_), or dolla seahhost, _spectacles_.
+
+~Se-áh-po~, or ~Se-áh-pult~, ~n.~ French, CHAPEAU. _A hat or cap._
+Seahpult olillie, _the raspberry._
+
+~Shame~, or ~Shem~, _n._ English, idem. _Shame._ Halo shem mika? _arn't
+you ashamed of yourself?_
+
+~Shán-tie~, _v._ French, CHANTER. _To sing._
+
+~She-lok'-um~, _n._ Chinook, TSHAILAKUMIT. (Anderson.) _A looking-glass;
+glass._
+
+~Ship~, _n._ English, idem. _A ship or vessel._ Stick ship, _a sailing
+vessel;_ piah ship, _a steamer;_ ship-man, _a sailor._
+
+~Shoes~, _n._ English, idem. _Shoes; skin shoes; moccasins._ Stick shoes,
+_boots or shoes made of leather._
+
+~Shot~, _n._ English, idem. _Shot; lead._ Shot olillie, _huckleberries._
+
+~Shu'-gah~, or ~Shu'-kwa~, _n._ English. _Sugar._
+
+~Shugh~, _n._ Chinook, SHUKHSHUKH. _A rattle._ An imitation doubtless of
+the sound. (Anderson.) Shugh-opoots, _a rattlesnake._
+
+~Shut~, _n._ English, SHIRT. _A shirt._
+
+~Shwáh-kuk~, _n._ Chihalis, SHWAKÉUK. _A frog._
+
+~Si-áh~, _adj._ Nootka, SAIÁ. _Far; far off._ Comparative distance is
+expressed by intonation or repetition; as, siah-siah, _very far;_ wake
+siah, _near, not far._ Jewitt gives SIEYAH as the _sky_ in Nootka, which
+was perhaps the true meaning, or, more probably, they called the sky "the
+afar."
+
+~Si-am~, _n._ Chinook, ISHAIEM. _The grizzly bear._
+
+~Sick~, _adj._ English, idem. _Sick._ Cole sick, _the ague;_ sick tum-tum,
+_grieved; sorry; jealous; unhappy._
+
+~Sikhs~, or ~Shikhs~, _n._ Chinook, SKASIKS; Sahaptin, SHIKSTUA.
+(Pandosy.) _A friend._ Used only towards men.
+
+~Sin'-a-moxt~, _adj._ Chinook, SINIMAKST. _Seven._
+
+~Si'-pah~, _adj._ Wasco. (Shaw.) _Straight,_ like a ramrod. Of only local
+use.
+
+~Sis'-ki-you~, _n._ Cree. (Anderson.) _A bob-tailed horse._
+
+This name, ludicrously enough, has been bestowed on the range of mountains
+separating Oregon and California, and also on a county in the latter
+State. The origin of this designation, as related to me by Mr. Anderson,
+was as follows. Mr. Archibald R. McLeod, a chief factor of the Hudson's
+Bay Company, in the year 1828, while crossing the mountains with a pack
+train, was over-taken by a snow storm, in which he lost most of his
+animals, including a noted bob-tailed race-horse. His Canadian followers,
+in compliment to their chief, or "bourgeois," named the place the Pass of
+the Siskiyou,--an appellation subsequently adopted as the veritable Indian
+name of the locality, and which thence extended to the whole range, and
+the adjoining district.
+
+~Sit'-kum~, _n., adj._ Chinook, SITKUM (Anderson); Clatsop, ASITKO. _A
+half; apart._ Sitkuni dolla, _half a dollar;_ sitkum sun, _noon;_ tenas
+sitkum, _a quarter, or a small part._
+
+~Sit'-lay~, or ~Sit'-li-ay~, _n._ French, LES ETRIERS. (Anderson.)
+_Stirrups._
+
+~Sit'-shum~, _v._ Chihalis, idem. _To swim._
+
+~Si'-wash~, _n., adj._ French, SAUVAGE. _An Indian; Indian._
+
+~Skin~, _n._ English, idem. _Skin._ Skin shoes, _moccasins;_ stick skin,
+_the bark of a tree._
+
+~Skoo'-kum~, or ~Skoo-koom'~, _n., adj._ Chihalis, SKUKUM. _A ghost; an
+evil spirit or demon; strong._ Skookum tumtum, _brave;_ skookum chuck, _a
+rapid._
+
+~Skwak'-wal~, _n._ Chinook, SKAKULH (Anderson); Clatsop, SKAKOLI. _A
+lamprey eel._ Of local use only.
+
+~Skwis'-kwis~, _n._ Chinook, Cathlamet dialect. _A squirrel._
+
+~Sla-hal'~, _n._ Chinook, ETLALTLAL. _A game played with ten small disks,
+one of which is marked._
+
+~Smet'-ocks~, _n._ Chihalis, SMETTAKS. _The large clam (Lutraria)._ Used
+only at the mouth of the Columbia river.
+
+~Smoke~, _n._ English, idem. _Smoke; clouds; fog; steam._
+
+~Snass~, _n._ Quære u. d. _Rain._ Cole snass, _snow._ The word is neither
+Chinook nor Chihalis, and is perhaps manufactured.
+
+~Snow~, _n._ English, idem. _Snow._
+
+~Soap~, _n._ English, idem. _Soap._
+
+~So-le'-mie~, _n._ Chinook, SULAMICH (Anderson); Clatsop, SHÖLBE. _The
+cranberry._
+
+~Sol'-leks~, or ~Sah'-leks~, _n., adj._ Quære u. d. _Anger; angry._ Mamook
+solleks, _to fight;_ tikegh solleks, _to be hostile;_ kumtuks solleks, _to
+be passionate._
+
+~So'-pe-na~, _v._ Chinook, T'SOPENA. _To jump; to leap._
+
+~Spo'-oh~, or ~Spo'-eh~, _adj._ Chinook, idem. _Faded; any light color,_
+as pale blue, drab, &c. Chahko spoeh, _to fade._
+
+~Spoon~, _n._ English, idem. _A spoon._
+
+~Spose~, _conj._ English, SUPPOSE. _If; supposing; provided that; in order
+that._ Spose mika nanitsh nika canim, _if you see my canoe;_ spose nika
+klatawa kopa Chinook, _if or when I go to Chinook;_ kahkwa spose, _as if._
+See KLOSHK SPOSE.
+
+~Stick~, _n., adj._ English, idem. _A stick; a tree; wood; wooden._ Stick
+skin, _bark;_ ship stick, _a mast;_ mitwhit stick, _a standing tree,_ icht
+stick, _a yard measure;_ stick shoes, _leather shoes or boots,_ as
+distinguished from skin shoes or moccasins; kull stick, _oak_ (hard wood);
+isick stick, _the ash_ (paddle wood).
+
+~Stock'-en~, _n._ English. _Stockings or socks._
+
+~Stoh~, _adj._ Chinook, idem. _Loose._ Mamook stoh, _to untie; unloose;
+undo._ Metaphorically, _to absolve._
+
+~Stone~, _n._ English, idem. _A rock or stone; bone; horn; the testicles._
+Stone kiuatan, _a stallion;_ mahsh stone, _to castrate._
+
+~Stote'-kin~, _adj._ Chinook, STOKTKIN. _Eight._
+
+~Stutch'-un~, _n._ English, STURGEON. _The sturgeon._
+
+~Suk-wal'-al~, _n._ Chinook (Hale); Clatsop, SHUKWALÁLA, _a gun or
+musket._ No longer used in Jargon.
+
+~Sun~, _n._ English, idem. _The sun; a day._ Tenas sun, _early;_ sitkum
+sun, _noon;_ klip sun, _sunset._
+
+~Sun'-day~, _n._ English, idem. _Sunday._ Icht Sunday, _a week;_ hyas
+sunday, _a holiday._ A flag hoisted on a particular occasion is sometimes
+also called Sunday. The other days of the week are usually counted from
+this; as, icht, mokst, klone sun kopet Sunday, _one, two, or three days
+after Sunday._ Saturday used to be called at the Hudson's Bay Company's
+posts "muckamuck sun," _food day,_ as the one on which the rations were
+issued.
+
+
+T.
+
+~Tagh'-um~, ~To'-hum~, or ~Tugh'-um~, _adj._ Chinook, TAKHUM; Cowlitz,
+TUKHUM; Kwantlen, TUKHUM'; Selish, TÁKKAN. _Six._
+
+~Táhl-kie~, or ~Táhnl-kie~, _adv._ Chinook, TÁNLKI. _Yesterday._ Icht
+tahlkie, _day before yesterday._
+
+~Táh-nim~, _v._ Chihalis, idem. _To measure._ Of only local use, and not
+strictly Jargon.
+
+~Taht'-le-lum~, or ~Tot'-le-lum~, _adj._ Chinook, TATLELUM. _Ten._ The
+combinations from this are simple. Moxt, klone, &c., tahtlelum, signifying
+_twenty, thirty,_ &c.; tahtlelum pe icht, &c., _eleven, twelve, &c._
+
+~Tál-a-pus~, _n._ Chinook, ITALIPAS; Yakama, TELIPA. (Pandosy.) _The
+coyote or prairie wolf._ A sort of deity or supernatural being, prominent
+in Indian mythology. _A sneak._
+
+~Ta-máh-no-us~, _n._ Chinook, ITAMÁNAWAS. _A sort of guardian or familiar
+spirit; magic; luck; fortune; any thing supernatural._ One's particular
+forte is said to be his _tamahnous._ Mamook tamahnous, _to conjure; "make
+medecine;"_ masahchie tamahnous, _witchcraft or necromancy._ Mr. Andersen
+restricts the true meaning of the word to _conjuring._
+
+~Ta-mo'-litsh~, or ~Ta-mow'-litsh~, _n._ Chinook, TAMULITSH (Anderson);
+Yakama, TAMOLITSH (Pandosy). _A tub; barrel; bucket._ Icht tamolitsb, _a
+bushel measure._
+
+~Tanse~, _v., n._ English, DANCE. _To dance._
+
+~T'chuk'-in~, or ~Tsugh'-ken~. See CHUCKIN.
+
+~Tea~, _n._ English, idem. _Tea._
+
+~Te-áh-wit~, _n._ Chinook, TIÁWI; Clatsop, KLÁAWIT. _The leg; the foot._
+Klatawa teahwit, _to go on foot; to walk;_ klook teahwit, _lame._
+
+~Téh-teh~, _v._ Clatsop, TETEHAHA. _To trot,_ as a horse. Of local use
+only.
+
+~Ten'-as~, or ~Tan'-as~, _n., adj._ Nootka, TANAS; Tokwaht, TENES. _Small;
+few; little; a child; the young of any animal._ Mokst nika tenas, _I have
+two children;_ tenas hyiu, _a few;_ tenas sun, _early._ Jewitt gives
+TANASSIE for _a child_ in Nootka.
+
+~Te-péh~, _n._ Chinook, TEPKÉH. _Quills; the wings of a bird._
+
+~Tik-égh~, or ~Tu-kégh~, _v._ Chinook, TIKEKH. _To want; wish; love;
+like._ Hyas tikegh, _to long for;_ ikta mika tikegh? _what do you want?_
+
+~Tik'-tik~, _n._ By onoma. _A watch._
+
+~Til'-i-kum~, _n._ Chinook, TILIKHUM. _People._ Applied generally, it
+means those who are not chiefs. Cultus tilikum, _common or insignificant
+persons;_ huloima tilikum, _strangers;_ nika tilikum, _my relations._ It
+is also used to signify a _tribe_ or _band._
+
+~Til'-i-kum-má-ma~, _n._ (Hale.) Chinook, TLKAMÁMA. _A father._ The word
+is not in use in Jargon.
+
+~Till~, or ~Tull~, _adj., n._ English, TIRE. _Tired; heavy; weight; a
+weight._ Hyas till nika, _I am very tired;_ kansih till okook, _how much
+does that weigh;_ mamook till, _to weigh._
+
+~Tin'-tin~, _n._ By onoma. _A bell; a musical instrument._ Mamook tintin,
+_to ring a bell._ Among the Indians round the Hudson Bay Company's posts,
+the hours were thus known; as, mokst tintin kopet sitkum sun, _two hours,_
+i.e., _two bells after noon._
+
+~T'kópe~, _adj._ Chinook, idem. _White; light-colored._
+
+~Tlehl~. See KLALE.
+
+~Tl'kópe~, _v._ Chinook, idem. _To cut; hew; chop._
+
+~Toh~, or ~Tooh~. By onoma. Mamook toh, _to spit._ A manufactured word.
+
+~Tóke-tie~, _adj._ Kalapuya. _Pretty._ Not in common use.
+
+~To'-lo~, _v._ Kalapuya. _To earn; to win at a game; to gain._ Kansih
+dolla nika tolo spose mamook? _how many dollars will I earn if I work?_
+
+~To'-luks~, _n._ Clallam, TOYUK. _The mussel._ Used on Puget Sound only.
+
+~To-mól-la~, _adv._ English, TO-MORROW. Ikt tomolla, _or_ copet tomolla,
+_the day after._
+
+~Tot~, _n._ Chihalis, TOT, or TAT. _An uncle._
+
+~To'-to~, _v._ By onoma. Chinook, TOKH-TOKH. _To shake; sift any thing;
+winnow._
+
+~To-toosh'~, or ~Ta-toosh'~, _n._ Chippeway, TOTOSH. (Schoolcraft.) _The
+breasts of a female; milk._ Totoosh lakles, _butter._
+
+~To-wagh'~, _adj._ Chinook, TOWAKH. _Bright; shining; light._
+
+~Tsee~, _adj._ Chinook, idem. _Sweet._
+
+~Tsee'-pie~, _v._ Kalapuya. _To miss a mark; to mistake one's road; to
+make a blunder in speaking; to err or blunder._ Tseepie wayhut, _to take
+the wrong road._
+
+~Tshi'-ke~, _adv._ (Hale.) Quære u. d. _Directly; soon._ Not Jargon.
+
+~Tshis~, _adj._ Chinook, idem. _Cold._ Not in common use.
+
+~Tsi-át-ko~, _n._ Chihalis, Nisqually, &c., idem; Clatsop, ÉCHIATKU. _A
+nocturnal demon,_ much feared by the Indians. The Skagits give this name
+to the "Couteaux," a tribe of Indians on Frazer River, of whom they stand
+in like awe.
+
+~Tsik'-tsik~, or ~Tchik'-tchik~, _n._ By onoma. _A wagon; a cart; a
+wheel._ Tsiktsik wayhut, _a wagon-road._
+
+~Tsil'-tsil~, or ~Chil'-chil~, _n._ Chinook, ECHILCHIL. (Anderson.)
+_Buttons; the stars._
+
+~Tsish~, _v._ By onoma., in imitation of the sound of a grindstone.
+(Shaw.) Mamook tsish, _to sharpen._ Of local use.
+
+~Tsóle-pat~, _n._ Klikatat. _A shot-pouch._ Of local use only.
+
+~Tso'-lo~, _n._ Kalapuya. (Shaw.) _To wander in the dark; to lose one's
+way._ Used in the Willamette valley.
+
+~Tsugh~, _n., v._ Chinook, idem. _A crack or split._ Mamook tsugh, _to
+split;_ chahko tsugh, _to become split or cracked,_ as by the heat of the
+sun; mamook tsugh illahie, is by some used instead of klugh, for _to
+plough._
+
+~Tsuk~. See CHUCK.
+
+~Tuk-a-mo'-nuk~, or ~Tak-a-mo'-nak~, _adj._ Chinook, ITAKAMONAK. _A
+hundred._ It is, like ten, combined with the digits; as, icht, moxt, klone
+takamonak, _one hundred, two hundred, three hundred,_ &c. Hyas takamonak,
+_or_ tahtlelum takamonak, _a thousand._
+
+~Tuk'-wil-la~, or ~To'-kwil-la~, _n._ Kalapuya. _The hazel-nut; nuts
+generally._
+
+~Tum'-tum~, _n._ By onoma., from the pulsations of the heart. (Anderson.)
+_The heart; the will; opinion._ Mahsh tumtum, _to give orders,_ mamook
+tumtum, _to make up one's mind;_ mamook closhe tumtum, _to make friends or
+peace;_ sick tumtum, _grief; jealousy;_ moxt tumtum nika, _I am
+undecided,_ i.e., _I have two wills. Q._  Kah nesika klatawa? _where shall
+we go? A._  Mika tumtum, _wherever you please; as you will._ Ikta mika
+tumtum? _what do you think?_ Halo tumtum, _without a will of one's own,_
+as a child. The heart seems to be generally regarded as the seat of the
+mind or will.
+
+~Tum-wa'-ta~, _n._ TUM, by onoma.; English, WATER. _A waterfall, cascade,
+or cataract._ Lewis and Clarke give TIMM as used by the Indians above the
+Dalles of the Columbia in directing them to the falls.
+
+~Tup'-shin~, or ~Tip'-sin~, _v._ Chihalis, TUPSHIN. _A needle._ Mamook
+tipsin, _to sew; to mend; to patch._
+
+~Túp-so~, or ~Tip'-so~, _n._ Chinook, TEPSO, _a leaf._ _Grass; leaves,
+fringe; feathers; fur._ Often but incorrectly employed for YAKSO, _hair;_
+tipso illahie, _prairie;_ dely tipso, _hay._
+
+~Ty'-ee~, _n., adj._ Nootka, TAIYI; TYEE (Jewitt). _A chief._ Any thing of
+superior order. Saghalie tyee, _the Deity;_ tyee salmon, _the spring
+salmon._ TOYON is given by some of the northwestern voyagers as the Eskimo
+appellation for _chief._
+
+~Tzum~, _n., adj._ Chinook, idem. _Mixed colors; spots or stripes; a mark
+or figure; writing; paint; painted._ Tzum sill, _printed calico;_ tzum
+pehpa, _writing;_ mamook tzum, _to write;_ tzum illahie, _blazed or
+surveyed land._
+
+
+~W.~
+
+~Wagh~, _v._ Chinook, WAKH, _To pour; to spill; to vomit._ Mamook wagh
+chuck, _pour out some water._
+
+~Wake~, _adv._ Nootka, WIK (Jewitt); Tokwaht, WEK. _No; not._
+
+~Wa'-ki~, _adv._ (Hale.) Chinook, WAKI. _To-morrow._ Not Jargon.
+
+~Wap'-pa-too~, _n._ Quære u. d. _The root of the Sagitaria sagittifolia,_
+which forms an article of food; _the potato._ The word is neither Chinook
+nor Chihalis, but is everywhere in common use.
+
+~Wash~, _v._ English, idem. Mamook wash, _to wash._
+
+~Waum~, _adj._ English, WARM. Hyas waum, _hot;_ waum illahie, _summer;_
+mamook waum, _to heat;_ waum-sick-cole-sick, _fever and ague._
+
+~Wau'-wau~, _v., n._ Nootka; Nittinat, WÁWE. _To talk; speak; call; ask;
+tell; answer; talk or conversation._ Cultus wauwau, _idle talk; stuff;
+nonsense;_ hyas wauwau, _to shout._
+
+~Way'-hut~, ~Hweh'-kut~, or ~Wee'-hut~, _n._ Chinook, WÉHUT, _a road;_
+Yakama, WIET, _far._ _A road or trail._ Tsik-tsik wayhut, _a wagon-road._
+About Vancouver, on the Columbia, it is pronounced HWÉHKUT; on Puget
+Sound, WEEHUT.
+
+~Weght~, _conj._ Chinook, idem. _Again; also; more._ Pe nika weght, _and I
+too;_ pahtlatsh weght, _give me some more;_ tenas weght, _a little more
+yet._
+
+~Whim~, _v._ Wasco. (Shaw.) _To fell._ Whim stick, _a fallen tree;_ mamook
+whim okook stick, _fell that tree._ Also, _to throw,_ in wrestling. Of
+local use only.
+
+~Win'-a-pie~, _adv._ Nootka; Nittinat, WILAPI. _By-and-bye; presently;
+wait._ Of local use; the Chinook ALKI being more common.
+
+~Wind~, or ~Win~, _n._ English, idem. _Wind._ The winds are often known by
+the country from which they blow; as, for instance, on the Columbia, an
+easterly is a Walla-walla wind; at the mouth of the river, a southerly is
+a Tilamooks wind, &c. _Breath._ Ex. Halo wind, _out of breath; dead._
+
+
+Y.
+
+~Yah'-hul~, _n._ Chinook, YAKHUL; EUEKHOL. _A name._ Not in general use.
+
+~Yáh-ka~, or ~Yok'-ka~, _pron._ Chinook, YÁKA. _He; his; him; she; it,
+&c._
+
+~Yah'-kis-ilt'h~, _adj._ Chinook, YAKISILT'H. _Sharp._ Mr. Anderson gives
+as the original, "_cutting._"
+
+~Yah'-wa~, _adv._ Chinook, YAWÁKH. _There; thither; thence; beyond._
+
+~Yah'-whul~. See AYÁHWHUL.
+
+~Yak'-so~, _n._ Chinook, idem. _The hair of the head; hair generally._
+
+~Ya-kwah'-tin~, or ~Kwah'-tin~, _n._ Chinook and Clatsop, YAKWATIN. _The
+belly; the entrails._
+
+~Yaub~. See LEJAUB.
+
+~Yel'-a-kwat~. See KALAKWAHTIE.
+
+~Yi'-em~, _v., n._ Chihalis, YAIEM. _To relate; to tell a story; to
+confess to a priest; a story or tale._
+
+~Youtl~, _adj._ Quære Chihalis, EYUTLH; Nisqually, JUIL, _glad._ _Pleased;
+proud;_ (of a horse), _spirited._ Hyas youtl yakka tumtum, _his heart is
+very glad; he is much puffed up._
+
+~Yoútl-kut~, _adj., n._ Chinook, YÚTLKUT. _Long_ (in dimension); _length._
+
+~Yoút-skut~, or ~Yutes'-kut~, _adj._ Chinook, YÚTSKUTA. _Short_ (in
+dimension).
+
+~Y-salt'h~, or ~Ye-salt'h~. See E-SALT'H.
+
+~Yuk'-wa~, _adv._ Chinook, YAKWÁ. _Here; hither; this side of; this way._
+Yukwa kopa okook house, _this side of that house._
+
+
+~PART II.~
+
+ENGLISH-CHINOOK.
+
+
+PART II. ENGLISH-CHINOOK.
+
+
+~Above~, _ságh-a-lie._
+~Absolve~, _mam'-ook stoh._
+~Acorns~, _káh-na-way._
+~Across~, _in'-a-ti._
+~Afraid~, _kwass._
+~After, Afterwards~, _kim'-ta._
+~Again~, _weght._
+~All~, _kon'-a-way._
+~Alms~, _e'-la-han,_ or _e-lann'._
+~Also~, _weght._
+~Although~, _kégh-tchie._
+~Always~, _kwáh-ne-sum._
+~American~, _Boston._
+~Amusement~, _hee'-hee._
+~And~, _pee._
+~Anger, Angry~, _sol'-leks._
+~Apple~, _le pome._
+~Apron~, _kéh-su,_ or _ki'-su._
+~Arbutus uva ursi~, _lahb._
+~Arrive at~, _ko._
+~Arrow~, _ka-li'-tan._
+~As if~, _káh-kwa spose._
+~At~, _ko'-pa._
+~Aunt~, _kwal'h._
+~Awl~, _shoes keep'-wot._
+~Axe~, _la-hash'._
+
+
+~B.~
+
+~Bad~, _me-sáh-chie; pe-shuk'._
+~Bag~, _le sak._
+~Ball~, _le bal._
+~Bargain~, _máh-kook; húy-húy._
+~Bark~, _s'ick-skin._
+~Barrel~, _ta-mo'-litsh._
+~Basket~, _o'-pe-kwan._
+~Beads~, _ka-mo'-suk._
+~Bear~ (black), _chet'-woot; its'woot;_ (grizzly), _si-am'._
+~Beat, to~, _kok'-shut._
+~Beaver~, _ee'-na._
+~Because~, _kéh-wa._
+~Become, to~, _cháh-ko._
+~Bed~, _bed._
+~Before~, _e'-lip,_ or _el'-ip._
+~Behind~, _kim'-ta._
+~Bell~, _tin'-tin._
+~Belly~, _ya-kwáh-tin._
+~Below~, _kee'-kwil-lie._
+~Belt~, _la san-jel'._
+~Berries~, _o'-lil-lie; o'-lal-lie._
+~Best~, _e'-lip closhe._
+~Bird~, _kal-lak'-a-la._
+~Biscuit~, _le bis'-kwee._
+~Bitter~, _klihl._
+~Black~, _klale._
+~Blackberries~, _klik'-a-muks._
+~Blanket~, _pa-see'-sie._
+~Blind~, _ha'-lo se-áh-host._
+~Blood~, _pil-pil._
+~Blow out~, _mam'-ook poh._
+~Blue~ (light), _spo'-oh._
+~Blue~ (dark), _klale._
+~Blunder, to~, _tsee'-pie._
+~Board~, _la plash._
+~Boat~, _boat._
+~Bob-tailed; a bob-tailed horse~, _sis'-ki-you._
+~Boil, to~, _lip'-lip._
+~Bone~, _stone._
+~Borrow, to~, _a-yáh-whul._
+~Bosom~ (female), _to-toosh._
+~Both~, _kun'-a-moxt._
+~Bottle~, _la-boo-ti'._
+~Bow~, _o'-pitl-kegh._
+~Bowl~, _oos'-kan._
+~Box~, _la ca-sett'._
+~Bracelet~, _klik'-wal-lie._
+~Brave~, _skoo'-kum tum'-tum._
+~Bread~, _le pan._
+~Break, to~, _kok'-shut._
+~Breasts~, _to-toosh'._
+~Breech clout~, _o'-poots sill._
+~Bridle~, _la bleed._
+~Bright~, _to-wágh._
+~Broad~, _kluk-ulh'._
+~Broom~, _bloom._
+~Brother~, _káhp-ho,_ if elder than the speaker;
+           _ow,_ if younger. Male cousins the same.
+~Brother-in-law~, _ek'-keh._
+~Bucket~, _ta-mo'-litsh._
+~Buffalo~, _moos'-moos._
+~Bullet~, _le bal; ka-li'-tan._
+~Bundle~, _kow._
+~But~, _pe._
+~Butter~, _to-toosh' la-kles'._
+~Buttons~, _tsil'-tsil._
+~Buy, to~, _máh-kook._
+~By-and-by~, _win'-a-pie._
+
+
+~C.~
+
+~Candle~, _la shan-del'._
+~Carrot~, _la ca-lat'._
+~Carry, to~, _lo' lo._
+~Cart~, _tsik'-tsik; chik'-chik._
+~Cascade~, _tum' wa-ter._
+~Castrate, to~, _mahsh stone._
+~Cat~, _puss'-puss._
+~Cataract~, _tum' wa-ter._
+~Cattle~, _moos'-moos._
+~Certainly~, _na-wit'-ka._
+~Chain~, _la shen; chik'a-min lope._
+~Chair~, _la shase._
+~Cheat, to~, _la-láh._
+~Chicken~, _la pool._
+~Chief~, _ty-ee'._
+~Child~, _ten'-as._
+~Clams~, _o'-na; luk'-ut-chee; la-kwit'-chee._
+~Clams~, the large kind, _smet-ocks._
+~Clear up, to~, _cháh-ko klah._
+~Cloth~ (cotton), _sail._
+~Clouds~, _smoke._
+~Coat~, _ca-po'._
+~Coffee~, _kau'-py._
+~Cold~, _cole; tshis._
+~Comb~, _comb._
+~Comb, to~, _mam'-ook comb._
+~Come, to~, _cháh-ko._
+~Confess, to~, _yi'-em._
+~Conjuring~, _ta-máh-no-us._
+~Cook, to~, _mam'-ook pi'-ah._
+~Copper~, _pil chik'-a-min._
+~Cord~, _ten'-as lope._
+~Corn~, _e-salt'h', _or _ye-salt'h'._
+~Corral~, _kul-lágh._
+~Cotton goods~, _sail._
+~Cough~, _hoh'-hoh._
+~Count, to~, _mam'-ook kwun'-nun._
+~Cousin~, see brother and sister.
+~Coyote~, _tal'-a-pus._
+~Crab apple~, _pow'-itsh._
+~Cranberry~, _so'-le-mie._
+~Crazy~, _pel'-ton._
+~Cream colored~, _le clem._
+~Crooked~, _ki'-wa._
+~Cross~, _la clo-a'._
+~Crow~, _káh-kah._
+~Cry, to~, _cly._
+~Cup~, _oos'-kan._
+~Curly~, _hunl'-kih._
+~Cut, to~, _tl'ko'-pe._
+
+
+~D.~
+
+~Dance, to~, _tanse._
+~Dark, darkness~, _po'-lak-lie._
+~Day~, _sun._
+~Dead~, _mem'-a-loost,_
+~Deaf~, _ik-poo'-ie kwil-lan._
+~Dear~, _hy'-as máh-kook._
+~Deep~, _klip._
+~Deer~, _mow'-itsh._
+~Demon~, _skoo'-kum._
+~Devil~, _di-aub'; yaub; le-jaub'._
+~Different~, _hul-o'-i-ma._
+~Difficult~, _kull._
+~Dig, to~, _mam'-ook il'-la-hie._
+~Dime~, _bit,_ or _mit._
+~Do, to~, _mam'-ook._
+~Doctor~, _doc'-tin._
+~Dog~, _kam'-ooks._
+~Dollar~, _dol'-la,_ or _táh-la._
+~Door~, _la po'te._
+~Down stream~, _mi'-mie._
+~Drink, to~, _muck'-a-muck._
+~Drive, to~, _kish'-kish._
+~Drunk~, _páht-lum._
+~Dry~, _de-ly'._
+~Duck~ (Mallard), _kwéh-kweh; háht-haht._
+~Dust~, _po'-lal-lie._
+
+
+~E.~
+
+~Eagle~, _chak'-chak._
+~Ear~, _kwo-lann'._
+~Early~, _ten'-as sun._
+~Earn, to~, _to'-lo_
+~Earth~, _il'-la-hie._
+~Eat, to~, _muck'-a-muck._
+~Egg~, _le sap'; le zep'._
+~Eight~, _sto'-te-kin._
+~Elk~, _moo'-lock._
+~Enclosure~, _kul-lágh._
+~English~, _king chautsh._
+~Englishman~, _king chautsh._
+~Enough~, _hi-yu'; ko-pet'._
+~Entreiils~, _ki-yágh._
+~Evening~, _ten'-as po'-lak-lie._
+~Every~, _kon'-a-way._
+~Exchange~, _húy-huy._
+~Eyes~, _se-áh-host._
+
+
+~F.~
+
+~Face~, _se-áh-host._
+~Faded~, _spo'-oh._
+~Falsehood~, _klim-in'-a-whit._
+~Far~, _si-áh._
+~Fast~ (quick), _hy-ak'._
+~Fast~ (tight), _kwutl._
+~Fasten, to~, _kow._
+~Fat~, _glease._
+~Father~, _pa'-pa._
+~Fathom~, _it'-lan._
+~Fear~, _kwass._
+~Fell, to~ (as a tree), _mam'-ook whim._
+~Fence~, _kul-lágh._
+~Fetch, to~, _mam'-ook cháh-ko._
+~Fever~, _waum sick._
+~Few~, _ten'-as._
+~Fight, to~, _mam'-ook sol'-leks._
+~Fight, with fists~, _mam'-ook puk'-puk._
+~Figured~ (as calico), _tzum._
+~File~, _la leem._
+~Fill, to~, _mam'-ook pahtl._
+~Find, to~, _klap._
+~Fingers~, _le doo._
+~Fire~, _pi'-ah; o-la-pits'-ki._
+~First~, _e'-lip,_ or _el'-ip._
+~Fish~, _pish._
+~Fish-hook~, _ik'-kik._
+~Five~, _kwin'-num._
+~Flea~, _so'-pen e'-na-poo; cho'-tub._
+~Flesh~, _itl'-wil-lie._
+~Flint~, _kil-it'-sut._
+~Flour~, _sap'-o-lill._
+~Fly, to~, _ka-wak'._
+~Fog~, _smoke._
+~Food~, _muck'-a-muck._
+~Fool~, _pel'-ton._
+~Foolish~, _pel'-ton._
+~Foot~, _le-pee'._
+~Forever~, _kwáh-ne-sum._
+~Forget, to~, _máh-lie._
+~Fork~, _la poo-shet'._
+~Formerly~, _áhn-kut-te,_ or _áhn-kot-tie._
+~Four~, _lak'-it, _or _lok'-it._
+~Fowl~, _la pool._
+~French~, Frenchman, _pa-si'-ooks._
+~Friend~, _sikhs,_ or _shikhs._
+~Frog~, _shwáh-kuk._
+~Fry~, to, _mam'-ook la po-el'._
+~Frying-pan~, _la po-el'._
+~Full~, _pahtl._
+~Fundament~, _o'-poots._
+
+
+~G.~
+
+~Gallop, to~, _kwa-lal'-kwa-lal'._
+~Gather, to~, _ho'-ku-melh._
+~Get, to~, _is'-kum._
+~Get out~, _mahsh._
+~Get up~, _get-up',-or ket-op'._
+~Ghost~, _skoo'-kum._
+~Gift~, _cul'-tus pot'-latch._
+~Give, to~, _pot'-latch._
+~Glad~, _kwann._
+~Go, to~, _klat'-a-wa._
+~God~, _ságh-a-lie ty-ee'._
+~Gold~, _pil chik'-a-min._
+~Good~, _klose,_ or _kloshe._
+~Good-bye~, _kla-how'-ya._
+~Goods~, _ik'-tah._
+~Goose~, _whuy'-whuy; kal-ak-a-láh-ma._
+~Grandfather~, _chope._
+~Grandmother~, _chitsh._
+~Grease~, _la-kles'; glease._
+~Green~, _pe-chugh'._
+~Grey; a grey horse~, _le gley._
+~Grizzly bear~, _si-am'._
+~Ground~, _il'-la-hie._
+~Gun; musket~, _suk'-wa-lal._
+
+
+~H.~
+
+~Hair~, _yak'-so._
+~Half~, _sit'-kum._
+~Hammer~, _le máh-to._
+~Hand~, _le máh._
+~Hand~ (game of), _it'-lo-kum._
+~Handkerchief~, _hak'-at-shum._
+~Hard~, _kull._
+~Hare~, _kwit'-shad-ie._
+~Harrow, to~, _mam'-ook comb il'-la-hie._
+~Hat~, _se-áh-po; se-áh-pult._
+~Haul~, _haul._
+~Hazel-nuts~, _tuk'-wil-la._
+~He, his~, _yáh-ka._
+~Head~, _la tet._
+~Heart~, _tum'-tum._
+~Heaven~, _ságh-il-lie il'-la-hie._
+~Heavy~, _till._
+~Help, to~, _mam'-ook e-lann'._
+~Here~, _yuk'-wa._
+~Hermaphrodite~, _bur'-dash._
+~Hide, to~, _ip'-soot._
+~High~, _ságh-a-lie._
+~Hit, to~, _kwul'h._
+~Hoe~, _la pe-osh'._
+~Hog~, _co'-sho._
+~Hole~, _kla-whap'._
+~Holiday~, _sunday._
+~Horn~, _stone._
+~Horse~, _kiu'-a-tan._
+~House~, _house._
+~How~, _káh-ta._
+~How are you~, _kla-how'-ya._
+~How many~, _kun'-sih; kun'-juk._
+~Hundred~, _tuk-a-mo'-nuk._
+~Hungry~, _o'-lo._
+~Hurry~, _howh; hy-ak'._
+
+
+~I.~
+
+~I~, _ni-ka._
+~If~, _spose._
+~In~, _ko'-pa._
+~Indian~, _si'-wash._
+~In shore~, _máht-wil-lie._
+~Iron~, _chik'-a-min._
+~It~, _yáh-ka._
+
+
+~J.~
+
+~Jealous~, _sick tum'-tum._
+~Jump, to~, _so'-pe-na._
+
+
+~K.~
+
+~Kam-ass root~, _la'-ka-mass._
+~Kettle~, _ket-ling._
+~Kick, to~, _chuk'-kin._
+~Kiss, to kiss~, _be'-be._
+~Knife~, _o'-pit-sah._
+~Knock, to~, _ko'-ko._
+~Knotty~, _hunl'-kih._
+~Know, to~, _kum'-tuks._
+
+
+~L.~
+
+~Lame~, _klook te-áh-wit._
+~Lamprey eel~, _skwak'-wal,_
+~Language~, _la lang._
+~Large~, _hy-as'._
+~Lately~, _chee._
+~Laughter~, _hee'-hee._
+~Lazy~, _lazy._
+~Leap, to~, _so'-pe-na._
+~Leaf~, _tup'-so,_ or _tip'-so._
+~Lean, to~, _lagh._
+~Leave, to~, _mahsh._
+~Leave off, to~, _ko-pet'._
+~Leg~, _te-áh-wit._
+~Leggings~, _mi-tass'._
+~Lend, to~, _a-yáh-whul_
+~Lick, to~, _klak'-wun._
+~Lie, to~, _klim-in'-a-whit._
+~Like~, _káh-kwa._
+~Like, to~, _tik-égh._
+~Little~, _ten'-as._
+~Long~, _youtl'-kut._
+~Long ago~, _áhn-kut-te,_ or _áhn-kot-tie._
+~Look, to~, _nan'-itsh._
+~Look here!~ _nah._
+~Look out!~ _klose nan'-itsh._
+~Looking-glass~, _she-lok'-um._
+~Loose~, _stoh._
+~Lose the way, to~, _tso'-lo; tsee-pie' way-hut._
+~Louse~, _e'-na-poo,_ or _in'-a-poo._
+~Love, to~, _tik-égh._
+
+
+~M.~
+
+~Magic~, _ta-máh-no-us._
+~Make, to~, _mam'-ook._
+~Man~, _man._
+~Many~, _hy-iu'._
+~Marry, to~, _mal-i-éh._
+~Mass~ (Ceremony of), _la messe._
+~Mast~, _ship stick._
+~Mat~, _klis'-kwiss._
+~Mattock~, _la pe-osh'._
+~Measure, to~, _tah'-nim._
+~Meat~, _itl'-wil-lie._
+~Medicine~, _la mes'-tin._
+~Mend, to~, _mam'-ook tip'-shin._
+~Menstruate, to~, _mahsh pil'-pil._
+~Metal, metallic~, _chik'-a-min._
+~Middle, the~, _kat'-suk,_ or _kot'-suk._
+~Midnight~, _sit'-kum po'-lak-lie._
+~Milk~, _to-toosh'._
+~Mill~, _moo'-la._
+~Mind, the~, _tum'-tum._
+~Miss, to~, _tsee'-pie._
+~Mistake, to~, _tsee'-pie._
+~Moccasins~, _skin-shoes._
+~Molasses~, _mel-ass'._
+~Money~, _chik'-a-min._
+~Month~, _moon._
+~Moon~, _moon._
+~More~, _weght._
+~Mosquito~, _mel'-a-kwa._
+~Mother~, _mama; na'-ah._
+~Mountain~, _la mon'-ti._
+~Mouse~, _hool'-hool._
+~Mouth~, _la boos._
+~Much~, _hy-iu'._
+~Mule~, _le mel._
+~Musical Instrument~, _tin'-tin._
+~Musket~, _musket._
+~Mussels~, _to'-luks._
+~My, mine~, _ni'-ka._
+
+
+~N.~
+
+~Nails~, _le cloo._
+~Name~, _nem; yah-hul._
+~Near~, _wake si-áh._
+~Neck~, _le cou._
+~Needle~, _keep'-wot._
+~New~, _chee._
+~Night~, _po'-lak-lie._
+~Nine~, _kwaist,_ or _kweest._
+~No, not~, _wake._
+~Noise~, _la tlah._
+~None~, _ha'-lo._
+~Nonsense~, _cul'-tus wau'-wau._
+~Noon~, _sit-kum sun._
+~Nose~, _nose._
+~Notwithstanding~, _kégh-tchie._
+~Now~, _al'-ta._
+~Numerals--~
+    1, _ikt._
+    2, _mokst._
+    3, _klone._
+    4, _lakit._
+    5, _kwinnum._
+    6, _taghum._
+    7, _sinnamokst._
+    8, _stotekin._
+    9, _kwaist._
+   10, _tahtlelum._
+   11, _tahtlelum pe ikt_
+   20, _mokst tahtlelum._
+  100, _ikt takarnonuk._
+~Nuts~, _tuk'-wil-la._
+
+
+~O.~
+
+~Oak~, _kull stick._
+~Oar~, _la lahm; la lum._
+~Oats~, _la wen._
+~Off~, _klak._
+~Off shore~, _máht-lin-nie_
+~Oil~, _glease._
+~Old~, _o'-le-man._
+~Old man~, _o'-le-man._
+~Old woman~, _lam'-mi-eh._
+~One~, _ikt._
+~One-eyed~, _ikt se-áh-host._
+~Open~, _háh-lakl._
+~Opposite to~, _in'-a-ti._
+~Or~, _pe._
+~Order, to~, _mahsh tum'-tum._
+~Other~, _hul-o'-i-ma._
+~Otter~ (land), _ne-mam'-ooks._
+~Our~, _ne-si'-ka._
+~Out doors~, _klágh-a-nie._
+~Ox~, _moos'-moos._
+~Oyster~, _chet'-lo,_ or _jet'-lo; klógh-klogh._
+
+
+~P.~
+
+~Paddle, a~, _is'-ick._
+~Paddle, to~, _mam'-ook is'-ick._
+~Paint~, _pent._
+~Paint, to~, _mam'-ook pent._
+~Paper~, _péh-pah._
+~Peas~, _le pwau._
+~People~, _til'-i-kum._
+~Perhaps~, _klo-nas'._
+~Petticoat~, _kal-a-kwah'-tie._
+~Piebald~, _le kye._
+~Pin~, _kwek'-wi-ens._
+~Pipe~, _la peep._
+~Pitch~, _la gome._
+~Plate~, _la si-et'._
+~Pleased~, _youtl._
+~Plough~, _le shal-loo'._
+~Plough, to~, _klugh il'-la-hie._
+~Pole~, _la pehsh._
+~Poor~, _kla-how'-yum; ha'-lo ik'-ta._
+~Pork~, _co'-sho._
+~Posteriors~, _o'-poots._
+~Potato~, _wap'-pa-too._
+~Pour, to~, _wagh._
+~Powder~, _po'-lal-lie._
+~Prairie wolf~, _tal'-a-pus._
+~Presently~, _al'-kie; win'-a-pie_
+~Pretty~, _to'ke-tie._
+~Priest~, _le plet._
+~Proud~, _youtl; kwetl'h._
+~Provided that~, _spose._
+~Pull~, _haul._
+
+
+~Q.~
+
+~Quarter~, _ten'-as sit'-kum._
+~Quarter~ (of a dollar), _kwah-ta._
+~Quick~, _hy-ak'._
+~Quills~, _te-péh._
+
+
+~R.~
+
+~Rabbit~, _kwit'-shad-ie._
+~Rain~, _snass._
+~Rattle~, _shugh._
+~Rattlesnake~, _shugho'-pools._
+~Razor fish~, _o'-na._
+~Reach~, _ko._
+~Red~, _pil._
+~Relate, to~, _yi'-em._
+~Return, to~, _kel'-i-pi._
+~Ribbon~, _le lo'-ba._
+~Rice~, _lice._
+~Rifle~, _cal'-li-peen._
+~Ring, a~, _kwéo-kwéo._
+~Ripe~, _pi'-ah._
+~River~, _chuck._
+~Road~, _way'-hut._
+~Roan colored~, _san'-de-lie._
+~Roast~, _mam'-ook la pel-lah'._
+~Rock~, _stone._
+~Rope~, _lope._
+~Rotten~, _poo'-lie._
+~Round~, _lo'-lo._
+~Rudder~, _boat o'-poots._
+~Rum~, _lum._
+
+
+~S.~
+
+~Sack~, _le sak._
+~Saddle~, _la sell._
+~Saddle housings~, _le pish'-e-mo._
+~Sail~, _sail._
+~Sailor~, _ship'-man._
+~Salmon~, _salmon._
+~Salt~, _salt._
+~Sand~, _po'-lal-lie._
+~Sash~, _la san-jel'._
+~Saw~, _la gwin; la scie._
+~Say, to~, _wau'-wau._
+~Scissors~, _le see'-zo._
+~Sea~, _salt-chuck._
+~Seal~, _ol'-hi-yu si'-wash co'-sho._
+~See, to~, _nan'-itsh._
+~Sell, to~, _máh-kook._
+~Seven~, _sin'-a-moxt._
+~Sew, to~, _mam'-ook tip'-shin._
+~Shake, to~, _to-to; hul'-lel._
+~Shame~, _shem._
+~Sharp~, _yáh-kis-ilt'h._
+~Sharpen, to~, _mam'-ook tsish._
+~She, her~, _yah-ka._
+~Sheep~, _le moo'-to._
+~Shell money~ (the small size), _coop-coop;_ (the large), _hy-kwa._
+~Shingle~, _le-báh-do._
+~Shining~, _to-wágh._
+~Ship~, _ship._
+~Shirt~, _shut._
+~Shoes~, _shoes._
+~Shoot, to~, _mam'-ook poo._
+~Short~, _yútes-kut._
+~Shot~, _shot; ten'-as le bal._
+~Shot pouch~, _ka-li-tan le-sac'; tsole'-pat._
+~Shout, to~, _hy'-as wau'-wau._
+~Shovel~, _la pell._
+~Shut, to~, _ik-poo'-ie._
+~Sick~, _sick._
+~Sift, to~, _to-to._
+~Silk~, _la sway._
+~Silver~, _t'kope chik'-a-min._
+~Similar~, _káh-kwa._
+~Since~, _kim-ta._
+~Sing, to~, _shan'-tie._
+~Sister~, _káhp-ho,_ if older than the speaker; _ats,_ if younger.
+~Sit, to~, _mit'-lite._
+~Six~, _tógh-um._
+~Skin~, _skin._
+~Skunk~, _hum o'-poots; piu'-piu; skub'-e-you._
+~Sky~, _koo'-sagh._
+~Slave~, _e-li'-te; mist'-shi-mus._
+~Sleep~, _moo'-sum._
+~Slowly~, _kláh-wa._
+~Small~, _ten'-as._
+~Smell, a~, _humm._
+~Smoke~, _smoke._
+~Snake~, _o'-luk._
+~Snow~, _snow; cole snass._
+~Soap~, _soap._
+~Soft~, _klim'-min._
+~Sorrel colored~, a sorrel horse, _le blau._
+~Sorry~, _sick tum'-tum._
+~Sour~, _kwates._
+~Spade~, _la pell._
+~Speak, to~, _wau'-wau._
+~Spill, to~, _wagh._
+~Spirits~, _lum._
+~Split~, _tsugh._
+~Split, to~, _mam'-ook tsugh._
+~Spectacles~, _dol'-la se-ágh-ost,_ or _lak-it se-agh-ost._
+~Spit, to~, _mam'-ook toh._
+~Split, to become~, _cháh-ko tsugh._
+~Spoon~, _spoon._
+~Spotted~, _le kye; tzum._
+~Spurs~, _le see'-blo._
+~Squirrel~, _skwis'-kwis._
+~Stab, to~, _klem'-a-hun._
+~Stand, to~, _mit'-whit._
+~Stars~, _tsil'-tsil._
+~Stay, to~, _mit'-lite._
+~Steal, to~, _kap-su-al-la._
+~Steam~, _smoke._
+~Steamer~, _pi'-ah ship._
+~Stick, a~, _stick._
+~Stink, a~, _piú-piú; humm._
+~Stirrup~, _sit'-lay._
+~Stockings~, _stock'-en; kush-is'._
+~Stone~, _stone._
+~Stop, to~, _ko-pet'._
+~Store~, _máh-kook house._
+~Story~, _eh-káh-nam._
+~Straight~, _de-láte,_ or _de-let'; si'-pah._
+~Strawberries~, _a-mo'-te._
+~Strong~, _skoo'-kum._
+~Sturgeon~, _stutch'-un._
+~Sugar~, _le sook; shu'-gah; shu'-kwa._
+~Summer~, _waum il'-la-hie._
+~Sun~, _sun; óte-lagh._
+~Sunday~, _sunday._
+~Sunset~, _klip sun._
+~Suppose~, _spose._
+~Swan~, _káh-loke._
+~Sweep, to~, _mam'-ook bloom._
+~Sweet~, _tsee._
+~Swim~, _sit'-shum._
+
+
+~T.~
+
+~Table~, _la tahb._
+~Tail~, _o'-poots._
+~Take, to~, _is'-kum._
+~Take care~! _klose nan'-itsh._
+~Take off~, or ~out~, _mam'-ook klak; mahsh._
+~Tale~, or ~story~, _yi'-em; eh-káh-nam._
+~Talk, to~, _wau'-wau._
+~Tame~, _kwass._
+~Tea~, _tea._
+~Teach, to~, _mam'-ook kum'-tuks._
+~Tear, to~, _klugh._
+~Teeth~, _le táh._
+~Tell, to~, _wau'-wau._
+~Ten~, _táht-le-lum._
+~Testicles~, _stone._
+~Thank you~, _máh-sie._
+~That~, _o'-koke._
+~That way~, _yáh-wa._
+~There~, _yáh-wa; ko-páh._
+~They~, _klas'-ka._
+~Thick~ (as molasses), _pit'-lilh._
+~Thin~ (as a board), _p'chih; pe-what'-tie._
+~Thing~, _ik'-tah._
+~This~, _o'-koke._
+~This way~, _yuk'-wa._
+~Thou, thy, thine~, _mi'-ka._
+~Thread~, _kla-píte._
+~Three~, _klone._
+~Throw away~, _mahsh._
+~Tide~, see _chuck._
+~Tie, to~, _kow._
+~Tight~, _kwutl._
+~Tinware~, _ma-láh._
+~Tip, to~, _lagh._
+~Tired~, _till._
+~To, towards~, _ko'-pa._
+~Tobacco~, _ki'-nootl; ki'-noos._
+~To-morrow~, _to-mol'-la._
+~Tongue~, _la lang._
+~Trail~, _way'-hut._
+~Trap~, _la piége._
+~Tree~, _stick._
+~Tree, fallen~, _whim stick._
+~Trot, to~, _téh-teh._
+~Trowsers~, _sa-kol'-eks._
+~True~, _de-láte._
+~Truth~, _de-láte wau'-wau._
+~Tub~, _ta-mo'-litsh._
+~Twine~, _ten-as lope; kla-píte._
+~Two, twice~, _mokst._
+
+
+~U.~
+
+~Uncle~, _tot._
+~Under~, _kee'-kwil-lie._
+~Understand, to~, _kum'-tuks._
+~Unhappy~, _sick tum'-tum._
+~Untamed~, _le-mo'-lo._
+~Untie, to~, _mam'-ook stoh; mahsh kow._
+~Up~, _ságh-a-lie._
+~Upset, to~, _kel'-i-pi._
+~Us~, _ne-si'-ka._
+
+
+~V.~
+
+~Venereal, the~, _pi'-ah sick._
+~Venison~, _mow'-itsh._
+~Very~, _hy-as'._
+~Vessel~, _ship._
+~Vest~, _la west._
+~Vomit, to~, _wagh._
+
+
+~W.~
+
+~Wagon~, _tsik'-tsik; chik'-chik._
+~Wander, to~, _tso'-lo._
+~Want, to~, _tik-égh._
+~Warm~, _waum._
+~Wash, to~, _mam'-ook wash._
+~Watch, a~, _tik'-tik._
+~Water~, _chuck._
+~Waterfall~, _tum'-water._
+~We~, _ne-si'-ka._
+~Weigh, to~, _mam'-ook till._
+~Wet~, _pahtl chuck._
+~Whale~, _eh'-ko-lie; kwáh-nice, kwad'-dis._
+~What~, _ik'-tah._
+~Wheat~, _sap'-o-lill._
+~Wheel~, _tsik'-tsik; chik'-chik._
+~When~, _kan'-sih; kun-juk._
+~Where~, _kah._
+~Whip~, _le whet._
+~White~, _t'kope._
+~Who~, _klak'-sta._
+~Whole~, _lo'-lo._
+~Why~, _káh-ta._
+~Wicked~, _me-sáh-chie._
+~Wide~, _kluk-ulh'._
+~Wild~, _le mo'-lo._
+~Will, the~, _tum'-tum._
+~Willow~, _ee'-na stick._
+~Win, to~, _to'-lo._
+~Wind~, _wind._
+~Winter~, _cole il'-la-hie._
+~Wipe, to~, _klak'-wun._
+~Wire~, _chik'-a-min lope._
+~Wish, to~, _tik-égh._
+~With~, _ko'-pa._
+~Without~, _ha'-lo._
+~Wolf~, _le-loo'._
+~Woman~, _klootsh'-man._
+~Woman~ (old), _lam'-mi-eh._
+~Wood, wooden~, _stick._
+~Work, to~, _mam'-ook._
+~Worn out~, _o'-le-man._
+~Worthless~, _cul'-tus._
+~Wound, to~, _klem'-a-hun._
+~Write, to~, _mam'-ook péh-pah; mam'-ook tzum._
+~Writing~, _tzum._
+
+
+~Y.~
+
+~Year~, _ikt cole._
+~Yellow~, _kaw'-ka-wak._
+~Yes~, _áh-ha; e-éh._
+~Yes indeed~, _na-wit'-ka._
+~Yesterday~, _táhl-kie; táhl-kie sun._
+~You, your, yours~, _me-si'-ka._
+~Young~, _ten'-as._
+
+
+
+
+THE LORD'S PRAYER IN JARGON.
+
+Nesika papa klaksta mitlite kopa saghalie, kloshe kopa nesika
+ Our  father  who   stayeth  in  the above, good   in   our
+
+tumtum      mika nem; kloshe mika tyee  kopa konaway tilikum;
+hearts (be) thy name;  good  thou chief among  all    people;
+
+kloshe mika tumtum kopa illahie, kahkwa kopa saghalie. Potlatch
+good   thy   will  upon  earth     as    in  the above.  Give
+
+konaway sun nesika muckamuck. Spose nesika mamook masahchie,
+ every  day  our     food.     If     we     do     ill,
+
+wake     mika hyas solleks, pe  spose klaksta masahchie kopa
+(be) not thou very  angry,  and  if   any one   evil   towards
+
+nesika, wake nesika solleks kopa klaska. Mahsh    siah kopa
+  us    not    we    angry towards them. Send away far from
+
+nesaika konaway masahchie.
+  us      all     evil.
+
+
+Kloshe kahkwa.
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Dictionary of the Chinook Jargon, or,
+Trade Language of Oregon, by George Gibbs
+
+*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK DICTIONARY OF THE CHINOOK ***
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+The Project Gutenberg EBook of Dictionary of the Chinook Jargon, or, Trade
+Language of Oregon, by George Gibbs
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: Dictionary of the Chinook Jargon, or, Trade Language of Oregon
+
+Author: George Gibbs
+
+Release Date: April 20, 2005 [EBook #15672]
+
+Language: English and Chinook
+
+Character set encoding: ASCII
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK DICTIONARY OF THE CHINOOK ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by David Starner, Richard Prairie and the Online Distributed
+Proofreading Team.
+
+
+
+
+
+                                  SHEA'S
+
+                     LIBRARY OF AMERICAN LINGUISTICS.
+
+                                   XII.
+
+                                DICTIONARY
+
+                                  OF THE
+
+                              CHINOOK JARGON,
+
+                                    OR,
+
+                         TRADE LANGUAGE OF OREGON.
+
+                             BY GEORGE GIBBS.
+
+                                 NEW YORK:
+
+                              CRAMOISY PRESS.
+
+                                   1863.
+
+
+
+
+PREFACE.
+
+
+Some years ago the Smithsonian Institution printed a small vocabulary of
+the Chinook Jargon, furnished by Dr. B.R. Mitchell, of the U.S. Navy, and
+prepared, as we afterwards learned, by Mr. Lionnet, a Catholic priest, for
+his own use while studying the language at Chinook Point. It was submitted
+by the Institution, for revision and preparation for the press, to the
+late Professor W.W. Turner. Although it received the critical examination
+of that distinguished philologist, and was of use in directing attention
+to the language, it was deficient in the number of words in use, contained
+many which did not properly belong to the Jargon, and did not give the
+sources from which the words were derived.
+
+Mr. Hale had previously given a vocabulary and account of this Jargon in
+his "Ethnography of the United States Exploring Expedition," which was
+noticed by Mr. Gallatin in the Transactions of the American Ethnological
+Society, vol. ii. He, however, fell into some errors in his derivation of
+the words, chiefly from ignoring the Chihalis element of the Jargon, and
+the number of words given by him amounted only to about two hundred and
+fifty.
+
+A copy of Mr. Lionnet's vocabulary having been sent to me, with a request
+to make such corrections as it might require, I concluded not merely to
+collate the words contained in this and other printed and manuscript
+vocabularies, but to ascertain, so far as possible, the languages which
+had contributed to it, with the original Indian words. This had become the
+more important, as its extended use by different tribes had led to
+ethnological errors in the classing together of essentially distinct
+families. Dr. Scouler, whose vocabularies were among the earliest bases of
+comparison of the languages of the northwest coast, assumed a number of
+words, which he found indiscriminately employed by the Nootkans of
+Vancouver Island, the Chinooks of the Columbia, and the intermediate
+tribes, to belong alike to their several languages, and exhibit analogies
+between them accordingly.[A] On this idea, among other points of fancied
+resemblance, he founded his family of Nootka-Columbians,--one which has
+been adopted by Drs. Pritchard and Latham, and has caused very great
+misconception. Not only are those languages entirely distinct, but the
+Nootkans differ greatly in physical and mental characteristics from the
+latter. The analogies between the Chinook and the other native
+contributors to the Jargon are given hereafter.
+
+[Footnote A: Journal Royal Geographical Society of London, vol. xi.,
+1841.]
+
+The origin of this Jargon, a conventional language similar to the Lingua
+Franca of the Mediterranean, the Negro-English-Dutch of Surinam, the
+Pigeon English of China, and several other mixed tongues, dates back to
+the fur droguers of the last century. Those mariners whose enterprise in
+the fifteen years preceding 1800, explored the intricacies of the
+northwest coast of America, picked up at their general rendezvous, Nootka
+Sound, various native words useful in barter, and thence transplanted
+them, with additions from the English, to the shores of Oregon. Even
+before their day, the coasting trade and warlike expeditions of the
+northern tribes, themselves a sea-faring race, had opened up a partial
+understanding of each other's speech; for when, in 1792, Vancouver's
+officers visited Gray's Harbor, they found that the natives, though
+speaking a different language, understood many words of the Nootka.
+
+On the arrival of Lewis and Clarke at the mouth of the Columbia, in 1806,
+the new language, from the sentences given by them, had evidently attained
+some form. It was with the arrival of Astor's party, however, that the
+Jargon received its principal impulse. Many more words of English were
+then brought in, and for the first time the French, or rather the Canadian
+and Missouri patois of the French, was introduced. The principal seat of
+the company being at Astoria, not only a large addition of Chinook words
+was made, but a considerable number was taken from the Chihalis, who
+immediately bordered that tribe on the north,--each owning a portion of
+Shoalwater Bay. The words adopted from the several languages were,
+naturally enough, those most easily uttered by all, except, of course,
+that objects new to the natives found their names in French or English,
+and such modifications were made in pronunciation as suited tongues
+accustomed to different sounds. Thus the gutturals of the Indians were
+softened or dropped; and the _f_ and _r_ of the English and French, to
+them unpronounceable, were modified into _p_ and _l_. Grammatical forms
+were reduced to their simplest expression, and variations in mood and
+tense conveyed only by adverbs or by the context. The language continued
+to receive additions, and assumed a more distinct and settled meaning,
+under the Northwest and Hudson's Bay companies, who succeeded Astor's
+party, as well as through the American settlers in Oregon. Its advantage
+was soon perceived by the Indians, and the Jargon became to some extent a
+means of communication between natives of different speech, as well as
+between them and the whites. It was even used as such between Americans
+and Canadians. It was at first most in vogue upon the lower Columbia and
+the Willamette, whence it spread to Puget Sound, and with the extension of
+trade, found its way far up the coast, as well as the Columbia and Fraser
+rivers; and there are now few tribes between the 42d and 57th parallels of
+latitude in which there are not to be found interpreters through its
+medium. Its prevalence and easy acquisition, while of vast convenience to
+traders and settlers, has tended greatly to hinder the acquirement of the
+original Indian languages; so much so, that except by a few missionaries
+and pioneers, hardly one of them is spoken or understood by white men in
+all Oregon and Washington Territory. Notwithstanding its apparent poverty
+in number of words, and the absence of grammatical forms, it possesses
+much more flexibility and power of expression than might be imagined, and
+really serves almost every purpose of ordinary intercourse.
+
+The number of words constituting the Jargon proper has been variously
+stated. Many formerly employed have become in great measure obsolete,
+while others have been locally introduced. Thus, at the Dalles of the
+Columbia, various terms are common which would not be intelligible at
+Astoria or on Puget Sound. In making the following selection, I have
+included all those which, on reference to a number of vocabularies, I have
+found current at any of these places, rejecting, on the other hand, such
+as individuals, partially acquainted with the native languages, have
+employed for their own convenience. The total number falls a little short
+of five hundred words.
+
+An analysis of their derivations gives the following result:
+
+Chinook, including Clatsop                       200
+Chinook, having analogies with other languages    21
+Interjections common to several                    8
+Nootka, including dialects                        24
+Chihalis, 32; Nisqually, 7                        39
+Klikatat and Yakama                                2
+Cree                                               2
+Chippeway (Ojibwa)                                 1
+Wasco (probably)                                   4
+Kalapuya (probably)                                4
+By direct onomatopoeia                             6
+Derivation unknown, or undetermined               18
+French, 90; Canadian, 4                           94
+English                                           67
+
+I had no opportunity of original investigation into the Nootka proper, but
+from the few words in different published vocabularies, and from some
+imperfect manuscript ones in my possession of the Tokwaht, Nittinat, and
+Makah dialects, have ascertained the number above given. Some of the
+unascertained words probably also belong to that language. Neither was I
+able to collate the Wasco or Kalapuya, but have assigned them on the
+opinion of others. The former, also called Cathlasco, the dialect of the
+Dalles Indians, is a corrupted form of the Watlala or Upper Chinook. With
+the Chihalis, Yakama, and Klikatat, and the Nisqually, I had abundant
+means of comparison.
+
+The introduction of the Cree and Chippeway words is of course due to the
+Canadians. None have been derived from the Spanish, as their intercourse
+with the Nootka and Makah Indians was too short to leave an impression.
+Spanish words, especially those relating to horses or mules and their
+equipments, have of late come into general use in Oregon, owing to
+intercourse with California, but they form no part of the Jargon. It might
+have been expected from the number of Sandwich Islanders introduced by the
+Hudson's Bay company, and long resident in the country, that the Kanaka
+element would have found its way into the language, but their utterance is
+so foreign to the Indian ear, that not a word has been adopted.
+
+In the nouns derived from the French, the definite article _le_, _la_, has
+almost in every instance been incorporated into the word, and the same has
+in one or two instances been prefixed to nouns not of French origin.
+Besides the words created by direct onomatopoeia, there are quite a number
+which are really Indian, but have their origin in the similarity of sound
+to sense.
+
+Dr. Scouler's analogy between the Nootkan and "Columbian," or Chinook, was
+founded on the following words:
+
+_English._           _Tlaoquatch and Nutka._   _Columbian._
+ plenty,              *aya,                     *haya.
+ no,                  *wik,                     *wake.
+ water,                tchaak,                   chuck.
+ good,                *hooleish,                *closh.
+ bad,                 *peishakeis,              *peshak.
+ man,                 *tchuckoop,                tillicham.
+ woman,               *tlootsemin,              *clootchamen.
+ child,               *tanassis,                *tanass.
+ now,                  tlahowieh,                clahowiah.
+ come,                *tchooqua,                *sacko.
+ slave,                mischemas,               *mischemas.
+ what are you doing   *akoots-ka-*mamook,        ekta-*mammok.
+ what are you saying  *au-kaak-*wawa,            ekta-*wawa.
+ let me see,          *nannanitch,              *nannanitch.
+ sun,                 *opeth,                    ootlach.
+ sky,                 *sieya,                   *saya.
+ fruit,               *chamas,                  *camas.
+ to sell,             *makok,                   *makok.
+ understand,          *commatax,                *commatax.
+
+But of these, none marked with an asterisk belong to the Chinook or any of
+its dialects. The greater part of them are undoubtedly Nootkan, though
+there are errors in the spelling and, in some instances, in the meaning.
+Of the rest, the Nootkan _tchaak_ and the Chinook _tl'tsuk_ alone presents
+an analogy. _Klahowiah_ does not mean "now," nor do I believe it is
+Nootkan, in any sense. It is, as explained in the dictionary, the Chinook
+salutation, "How do you," "Good-bye," and is supposed to be derived from
+the word for _poor_, _miserable_. _Mischemas_ is not Chinook, and is
+probably not Nootkan. With the exception of Franchere, whose short
+vocabulary was published by Mr. Gallatin, and Mr. Hale, all the writers
+mentioned by Ludwig who have given specimens of the Chinook language, have
+presented it in its Jargon form, more or less mixed with the neighboring
+ones, and with corruptions of French and English words. Mr. Swan, among
+others, has been led into this error. The place of his residence,
+Shoalwater Bay, is common ground of the Chinook and Chihalis Indians, and
+the degraded remnants of the two tribes are closely intermarried, and use
+both languages almost indifferently.
+
+Setting aside interjections, common in a more or less modified form to
+several adjoining tribes, twenty-one words of those given in this
+vocabulary present noticeable analogies between the Chinook and other
+native languages. They are as follows:
+
+_English._         _Chinook._      _Hailtzuk and Belbella._
+ salmon berries,    klalilli,       olalli.
+
+
+_English._       _Chinook and Clatsop._    _Nootka._
+                                           Jewitt and Cook.
+ water,           tl'tsuk : tl'chukw,       chauk : chahak.
+
+
+_English._    _Chinook._    _Cowlitz._    _Kwantlen._    _Selish._
+ six,          takhum,       tukh'um,      tuckhum',      tackan.
+
+
+_English._        _Chinook._    _Chihalis._    _Nisqually._
+ deep,             kellippe,     kluputl,       klep
+ glad,             kwan,                        kwal (_tame_)
+ proud,            eyutl,                       juil.
+ demon,            ichiatku,     tsiatko,       tsiatko.
+ black bear,       eitchhut,                    chetwut.
+ crow,             skaka,                       skaka.
+ oyster,           klokhklokh,   chetlokh,      klokhklokh.
+ game of "hands,"  itlokum,      setlokum.
+
+
+_English._        _Chinook._    _Yakama and Klikatat._
+ certainly,        nawitka,      n'witka.
+ always,           kwanisum,     kwalisim.
+ younger sister,   ats,          atse.
+ road,             wehut,        wiet (_far_).
+ barrel,           tamtulitsh,   tamolitsh.
+ buffalo,          emusmus,      musmus.
+ coyote,           italipus,     talipa (_gray fox_).
+ mouse,            kholkhol,     khoilkhoil.
+ bread,            tsapelil,     saplil.
+ needle,           okwepowa,     kapus (_a pin_).
+
+The Clatsop (Klatsop) is merely a dialect of the Chinook (Tchinuk); the
+Cowlitz (Kaualitsk), Kwantlen, Chihalis (Tsihelis), and Nisqually
+(N'skwali), are severally languages belonging to the Selish family. The
+Yakama and Klikatat are dialects of one of the Sahaptin languages; and the
+Tokwaht (Tokwat), Nittinat, and Makah (Maka), quoted in the dictionary,
+are dialects of the Nootka (Nutka), of which the Hailtzuk or Belbella
+(variously spelled Haeeltzuk and Hailtsa) is probably the northern type.
+It thus appears that, with two or three exceptions, the analogies of the
+Chinook, as contained in this vocabulary, are to be sought in the
+immediately adjoining tongues, or those of languages belonging to the same
+families with them; that these analogies, with perhaps one or two
+exceptions, can by no means be considered radical, and that their
+correspondence, or rather adoption, is easily accounted for by
+neighborhood and habits of intermarriage. A much more remarkable
+coincidence is the fact that two words included in this Jargon,--one from
+the Nootkan, viz., _Mawitch_, a deer, venison; and the other Chinook,
+_Mooluk_, an elk,--are also to be found in the Kowilth, the language of
+Humboldt Bay, in California. As this bay was first discovered in the
+winter of 1849-50, the words could not have been introduced by the fur
+trappers.
+
+With regard to the form into which this dictionary has been thrown, an
+explanation is necessary. The Jargon must in some degree be regarded as a
+written language, the orthography of which is English. In Mr. Hale's
+vocabulary alone has one more scientific been attempted, and of several
+other printed, and numerous manuscript dictionaries in circulation, M.
+Lionnet's alone, that I have met with, is according to the French.
+Although no fixed system of spelling exists among them, I have therefore
+deemed it best to preserve for the Jargon words that which most distinctly
+represents the common English pronunciation; while for the Indian
+derivations, I have adopted that recommended by the Smithsonian
+Institution in collecting Indian vocabularies, using the Italian sounds of
+the vowels, and representing the guttural of the German _ich_ by _kh_.
+This seemed the more proper, as the work would thereby be rendered of
+practical use, independent of what philological value it may possess.
+
+In collating the words of the present work and obtaining their
+derivations, I have been assisted by a number of friends; among whom I
+should specially mention Mr. Alexander C. Anderson, of Victoria, V.I., and
+Mr. Solomon H. Smith, of Clatsop, Oregon.
+
+
+
+
+~Bibliography of the Chinook Jargon.~
+
+
+_Journal of Travels over the Rocky Mountains._ By Rev. Samuel Parker.
+12mo. Ithaca, N.Y., 1838.
+
+"Vocabulary of the Chenook language, as spoken about Fort Vancouver," pp.
+336-338.
+
+
+_Ethnography and Philology of the United States Exploring Expedition._ By
+Horatio Hale. 4to. Philadelphia: Lea & Blanchard, 1846.
+
+A vocabulary of the "Jargon or Trade Language of Oregon," with an essay
+thereon, and phrases, is given in this work, pp. 636-650.
+
+
+_Transactions of the American Ethnological Society._ 2 vols., 8vo. New
+York: Bartlett & Welford, 1845, 1848.
+
+In vol. ii., pp. 62-70, under title of "Hale's Indians of Northwest
+America," is a partial reprint of the above.
+
+
+Rev. Z.B.Z. Bolduc, "_Mission de la Colombie._" 8vo. Quebec, 1843.
+
+The Lord's Prayer in Jargon, "et quelques mots Tchinoucs et Sneomus." The
+Snohomish is a tribe of Puget Sound. The Chinook words are merely Jargon.
+
+
+_Journal of Travels over the Rocky Mountains, &c._ By Joel Palmer. 12mo.
+Cincinnati, 1847, 1852.
+
+"Words used in the Chinook Jargon," pp. 147-152.
+
+
+_Adventures of the First Settlers on the Oregon or Columbia River, &c._ By
+Alexander Ross. 12mo. London, 1849.
+
+Ross gives a "Chinook Vocabulary," pp. 342-348, and words of the "mixed
+dialect," p. 349. His Chinook is, however, also impure.
+
+
+_Ten Years in Oregon._ By D. Lee and F.H. Frost. 12mo. New York, 1844.
+
+"A short vocabulary of the Clatsop dialect." This is likewise Jargon.
+
+
+_History, &c., of the Indian Tribes of the United States._ Collected by
+Henry R. Schoolcraft. 4to. Parts 1-5. Philadelphia, 1851, 1855.
+
+Lieut. G.F. Emmons gives a brief "Klatsop Vocabulary" in Part III., pp.
+223, 224, which is of the same character.
+
+Note 1 to article, "Philosophy of Utterance," Part V., pp. 548-551, a
+"Vocabulary of the Chinook Jargon."
+
+
+_Vocabulary of the Jargon or Trade Language of Oregon._ English, French,
+and Jargon. 8vo. Washington, 1853. pp. 22.
+
+Printed by the Smithsonian Institution, for private distribution. Without
+title-page. This is the one by M. Lionnet, before referred to.
+
+
+_The Northwest Coast; or, Three Years' Residence in Washington Territory._
+By James G. Swan. 12mo. New York: Harpers, 1857.
+
+"A vocabulary of the Chehalis and Chenook or Jargon Languages, with the
+derivation of the words used in the latter," pp. 412-422.
+
+
+_A Complete Dictionary of the Chinook Jargon._ English-Chinook, and
+Chinook-English. To which is added numerous conversations, &c. 3d edition.
+24mo, pp. 24. Portland, Oregon: published by S.J. McCormick.
+
+Several editions of this work have been published; the last which I have
+seen, in 1862.
+
+
+_Guide-Book to the Gold Regions of Frazer River._ With a map of the
+different routes, &c. 24mo, pp. 55. New York, 1858.
+
+A vocabulary of the Jargon, pp. 45-55.
+
+
+_The Chinook Jargon and English and French Equivalent Forms._ In "Steamer
+Bulletin," San Francisco, June 21, 1858.
+
+Contains an unarranged vocabulary of 354 words and phrases.
+
+
+_The Canoe and the Saddle._ By Theodore Winthrop. 12mo. Boston: Ticknor &
+Fields. 1863.
+
+"A partial vocabulary of the Chinook Jargon," pp. 299-302.
+
+
+_History of the Oregon Territory, &c._ By John Dunn. 2d edition. London,
+1846.
+
+"A few specimens of the language of the Millbank and Chinook tribes."
+_Chinook tribe:_ 50 words and phrases, including digits. These words, as
+usual, are in great part "Jargon," and belong to the Nootkan, _not_ to the
+Chinook.
+
+Besides the above, one, of which I have not the title before me, has been
+published by Mr. A.C. Anderson, and several in the newspapers of Oregon
+and Washington Territory.
+
+
+
+
+~PART I.~
+
+CHINOOK-ENGLISH.
+
+NOTE.--The references, "Hale," "Cook," "Jewitt," are respectively to
+Hale's "Ethnology of the United States Exploring Expedition," "Cook's
+Voyages," and "Jewitt's Narrative." The others, as "Anderson," "Pandosy,"
+"Shaw," "Tolmie," are from manuscript notes of those gentlemen in
+possession of the writer.
+
+
+
+
+A DICTIONARY OF THE CHINOOK JARGON.
+
+PART I. CHINOOK-ENGLISH.
+
+~A.~
+
+~Ah-ha~, _adv._ Common to various tribes. _Yes._ Expression of simple
+assent. On Puget Sound, E-EH.
+
+~Ah'n-kut-te~, or ~Ahn-kot-tie~, _adv._ Chinook, ANKUTTI. _Formerly;
+before now._ With the accent prolonged on the first syllable, _a long time
+ago._ Ex. Ahnkutte lakit sun, _four days ago;_ Tenas ahnkutte, _a little
+while since._
+
+~Al-ah~, _interj._ Expression of surprise. Ex. Alah mika chahko! _ah,
+you've come!_
+
+~Al-kie~, _adv._ Chinook, ALKEKH. _Presently; in a little while; hold on;
+not so fast._
+
+~Al'-ta~, _adv._ Chinook, ALTAKH. _Now; at the present time._
+
+~A-mo'-te~, _n._ Chinook, AMUTE; Clatsop, KLABOTE. _The strawberry._
+
+~An-ah~, _interj._ An exclamation denoting pain, displeasure, or
+depreciation. Ex. Anah nawitka mika halo shem, _ah, indeed you are without
+shame._ On Puget Sound, Ad-de-dah.
+
+~Ats~, _n._ Chinook, idem; Yakama, ATSE (Pandosy). _A sister younger than
+the speaker._ In the original, only when used by her brother.
+
+~A-yah-whul~, _v._ Chihalis, ATAHWUL. _To lend; borrow._
+
+~Ay-keh-nam.~See EH-KAH-NAM.
+
+
+~B.~
+
+~Be-be~, _n., v._ French. A word used towards children; probably a
+repetition of the first syllable of BAISER. _A kiss; to kiss._
+
+~Bed~, _n._ English, idem. _A bed._
+
+~Bit~, or ~Mit~, _n._ English, BIT. _A dime or shilling._
+
+~Bloom~, _n._ English, BROOM. _A broom._ Mamook bloom, _to sweep._
+
+~Boat~, _n._ English, idem. _A boat,_ as distinguished from a canoe.
+
+~Bos'-ton~, _n., adj._ _An American; American._ A name derived from the
+hailing-place of the first trading-ships to the Pacific. Boston illahie,
+_the United States._
+
+~Bur-dash~, _n._ Can. French, BERDACHE (Anderson). _An hermaphrodite._ The
+reputation of hermaphroditism is not uncommon with Indians, and seems to
+attach to every malformation of the organs of generation. The word is of
+very limited use.
+
+
+~C.~
+
+~Cal'-li-peen~, _n._ French, CARABINE. _A rifle._
+
+~Ca-nim~, _n._ Chinook, EKANIM. _A canoe._ Canim stick, _the cedar, or
+wood from which canoes are usually made._
+
+~Ca-po'~, _n._ French, CAPOT. _A coat._
+
+~Chah'-ko~, _v._ Nootka, Clayoquot, CHAKO; Tokwaht, TCHOKWA. _To come; to
+become._ Ex. Kansik mika chahko? _when did you come?_ Chahko kloshe, _to
+get well._
+
+~Chak chak~, _n._ Chinook, idem. _The bald eagle_ (by onoma.), from its
+scream. Of only local use on the lower Columbia.
+
+~Chee~, _adv., adj._ Chinook, T'SHI. _Lately; just now; new._ Chee nika
+ko, _I have just arrived._ Hyas chee, _entirely new._
+
+~Chet'-lo~, or ~Jet'-lo~, _n._ Chihalia, CHETLOKH. _An oyster._ Used on
+the lower Columbia.
+
+~Chet-woot~, _n._ Nisqually, idem. _A black bear._ Used only on Puget
+Sound.
+
+~Chik'-a-min~, _n., adj._ Tokwaht, TSIKAMEN; Nootka, SICKAMINNY (Jewitt);
+SEEKEMAILE (Cook). _Iron; metal; metallic._ T'kope chikamin, _silver;_ pil
+chikamin, _gold_ or _copper._ Chikamin lope, _wire; a chain._
+
+~Chik-chik~. See TSIK-TSIK.
+
+~Chil-chil~. See TSIL-TSIL.
+
+~Chitsh~, _n._ Chihalis, TSHITSH. _A grandmother._
+
+~Chope~, _n._ Chihalis, TSHUP. _A grandfather._
+
+~Cho'-tub~, _n._ Nisqually, idem. _A flea._ Used on Puget Sound.
+
+~Chuck~, _n._ Nootka, CHAUK (Cook); CHAHAK, _fresh water_ (Jewitt);
+Chinook, TLTSUK (Shortess); Clatsop, TL'CHUKW. _Water; a river or stream._
+Salt chuck, _the sea;_ skookum chuck, _a rapid;_ solleks chuck, _a rough
+sea;_ chuck chahko _or_ kalipi, _the tide rises or falls;_ saghilli _and_
+keekwillie chuck, _high_ and _low tide._
+
+~Chuk-kin~, _n., v._ Chihalis, TSUKAEN. _To kick._ Of local use only.
+
+~Close.~ See KLOSE.
+
+~Cly~, _v._ English. _To cry._
+
+~Cole~, _adj._ English, COLD. Cole illahie, _winter;_ icht cole, _a year;_
+cole sick waum sick, _the fever and ague._
+
+~Comb~, _n._ English. _A comb._ Mamook comb, _to comb;_ mamook comb
+illahie, _to harrow._
+
+~Coo'-ley~, _v._ French, COUREZ, imp. of COURIR. _To run._ Cooley kiuatan,
+_a race-horse;_ yahka hyas kumtuks cooley, _he can,_ i.e., _knows how to
+run well._
+
+~Coop'-coop~, _n._ Chinook, idem. _The smaller sized dentalium or shell
+money._ See HYKWA.
+
+~Co'-sho~, _n._ French, COCHON. _A hog; pork._ Siwash cosho, _a seal;_
+literally, _Indian pig._
+
+~Cul'-tus~, _adj._ Chinook, KALTAS. _Worthless; good for nothing; without
+purpose._ Ex. Cultus man, _a worthless fellow;_ cultus potlatch, _a
+present or free gift;_ cultus heehee, _a jest; merely laughing;_ cultus
+nannitsh, _to look around;_ cultus mitlite, _to sit idle; to do nothing;_
+cultus klatawa, _to stroll._ _Ques._ What do you want? _Ans._ Cultus,
+i.e., _nothing._
+
+
+~D.~
+
+~De-late~, or ~De-lett~, _adj., adv._ French, DROITE. _Straight; direct;
+without equivocation._ Ex. Klatawa delett, _go straight;_ delett wauwau,
+_tell the truth._
+
+~Di-aub~, or ~Yaub~, _n._ French, DIABLE. _The devil._ Sometimes used
+combined with the article, as LEJAUB.
+
+~D'ly~, or ~De-ly~, _adj._ English, DRY. Chahko dely, _to become dry;_
+mamook dely, _to dry, v. a._
+
+~Doc'-tin~, _n._ English. _A doctor._
+
+~Dol'-la~, or ~Tah-la~, _n._ English. _A dollar; money._ Chikamin dolla,
+_silver;_ pil dolla, _gold;_ dolla siaghost, _spectacles._
+
+
+~E.~
+
+~Eh-kah-nam~, _n._ Chinook, EKANAM. _A tale or story._ Used only on the
+Columbia river. Often erroneously pronounced Ay-keh-nam.
+
+~Eh-ko-li~, _n._ Chinook, EKOLI. _A whale._
+
+~Ee'-na~, _n._ Chinook, IINA. _A beaver._ Eena stick (literally, _beaver
+wood_), _the willow._
+
+~Ee'-na-poo~, or ~In-a-poo~, _n._ Chinook, INAPU. _A louse._ Sopen inapoo,
+_a flea._
+
+~Ek'-keh~, _n._ Chinook, EKKE. _A brother-in-law._
+
+~E'-la-han~, or ~E-lann~, _n._ Chihalis, YELAAN. _Aid; assistance; alms._
+Mamook elann, _to help._
+
+~E'-lip~, or ~El'-ip~, _adv._ Chihalis, ILIP. _First; before._ The
+superlative. Klatawa elip, _go before;_ elip lolo chuck, _in the first
+place carry water;_ elip kloshe, _best;_ elip tilikum, _n._ (literally,
+_the first people), a race of beings who inhabited the world before the
+Indians._
+
+~E-li'-te~, _n._ Chinook, ILAITEKH. _A slave._
+
+~E-salt'h~, or ~Ye-salt'h~, _n._ Probably Wasco. _Indian corn or  maize._
+
+
+~G.~
+
+~Get-up~, or ~Ket-op~, _v._ English. _To get up; rise._
+
+~Glease~, _n._ English, GREASE, _fat, grease, or oil._ Hyeu glease, _very
+fat;_ too-toosh glease, _butter._ See, also, LAKLES.
+
+
+~H.~
+
+~Hah-lakl~, _adj._ Chinook, HALAKL. _Wide; open._ Ex. Mamook hahlakl la
+pote, _open the door;_ chahko hallakl (as of the woods), _to open out;
+become less dense._
+
+~Haht-haht~, _n._ Nisqually, HATHAT. _The mallard duck._
+
+~Hak-at-shum~, _n._ English. _A handkerchief._
+
+~Ha'-lo~, _adj._ Quaere u. d. not Chinook. _None; absent. Q._ Halo salmon
+mika? _have you no fish? A._ Halo, _none. Q._ Kah mika papa? _where is
+your father? A._ Halo, _he is out._ Halo wind, _breathless; dead;_ halo
+glease, _lean;_ halo ikta, _poor; destitute._
+
+~Haul~, _v._ English, idem. _To haul or pull._ Used with the active verb
+mamook; as, mamook haul.
+
+~Hee'-hee~, _n._ By onoma., HIHI (Hale). _Laughter, amusement._  Cultus
+heehee, _fun;_ mamook heehee, _to amuse;_ heehee house, _any place of
+amusement,_ as a tavern, bowling-alley, &c.
+
+~Hoh-hoh~, _n., v._ Chinook (by onoma.), HOKHHOKH. _To cough._
+
+~Ho-ku-melh~, _v._ Chihalis, idem. _To gather; to glean,_ as grain. Of
+local use.
+
+~Hool-hool~, _n._ Chinook, KHOLKHOL; Klikatat. KHOILKHOIL. _A mouse._ Eyas
+hoolhool, _a rat._
+
+~House~, _n._ English. _A house._ Mahkook house, _a store;_ Boston house,
+_an American-built house,_ as distinguished from a lodge.
+
+~Howh~, _interj._ HAUKH. _Turn to; hurry._
+
+~How'-kwutl~, _adv._ Chinook, HAUKATLH. An expression of inability. Ex.
+Howkwutl nika klatawa? _how could I go?_
+
+~Hul-lel'~, _v., n._ Chinook, idem. _To shake._ Used with the verb mamook,
+as, mamook hullel, it becomes active.
+
+~Hul-o-i-ma~, _n., adj._ Chinook, S'HULLOYIBA. _Other; another;
+different._ Ex. Huloima tilikum, _a different tribe or people;_ hyas
+huloima, _very different._
+
+~Humm~, _n., v._ Jargon. _A stink or smell; to stink._ An invented word.
+Humm opootsh, _a skunk._
+
+~Hunl'-kih~, _adj._ Chinook, HUNLKEKH. _Curled or curly; knotted;
+crooked._
+
+~Huy-huy~, _n., v._ Canadian French, HUI-HUI. _A bargain or exchange; to
+barter or trade._ Ex. Huyhuy la sille, _change the saddle;_ huyhuy tumtum,
+_to change one's mind._ Mr. Andersen says this is a cant word of the
+Canadians, signifying a hasty exchange. Its origin has been suggested in
+_oui oui,_ yes yes.
+
+~Hwah~, or ~Hwah-wa~, _interj._ Denotes surprise or admiration; also
+earnestness.
+
+~Hy'-ak~, _adv._, also used as imperative. Chinook, AI-AK. _Swift; fast;
+quickly; hurry; make haste._
+
+~Hy-as'~, _adj., adv._ Probably corrupted from the following. _Large;
+great; very._ The general term for size. Hyas tyee, _a great chief;_ hyas
+mahcook, _a great price; dear;_ hyas ahnkutte, _a long time ago;_ hyas
+kloshe, _very good._
+
+~Hy-iu~, _n., adj._ Nootka, IYAHISH (Jewitt); Tokwaht, AIYA. Jewitt also
+gives HYO as the name for _ten._ _Much; many; plenty; enough._ Term of
+quantity or multitude. Hyiu tilikum, _a crowd; many people;_ hyiu
+muckamuck, _plenty to eat;_ tenas hyiu, _some; a, few;_ wake hyiu, _not
+many_ or _not much._
+
+~Hy'-kwa~, or ~Hy'-a-kwa~, _n._ Nootka, HAIHWA (i-whaw, Jewitt). _The
+dentalium; the shell money or wampum of the Pacific coast._ It is used in
+strings of a fathom long; shells of not more than forty to the fathom
+being of full size, and the value increasing in proportion to their
+length. The smaller sizes are called _coop-coop_ (q.v.). These shells were
+formerly obtained by the Indians of the west coast of Vancouver Island,
+and passed in barter as low down as California, and eastward to the
+Blackfoot country.
+
+
+~I.~
+
+~Ik'-kik~, _n._ Chinook, IKKIK._A fish-hook._
+
+~Ik-poo'-ie~, _v._ Chinook, IKHPUI. _To shut._ Ikpooie la pote, _shut the
+door;_ mamook ikpooie, _to surround;_ ikpooie kwillan, _deaf._
+
+~Ikt~, or ~Icht~, _adj._ Chinook, IKHT. _One; once._ Used also as the
+indefinite article. Ikt man, _a man;_ ikt-ikt man, _some one or other;
+here and there one;_ ikt nika klatawa kopa yakka house, _I have been once
+to his house._
+
+~Ik'-tah~, _pron._ Chinook, IKTA. _What._ Iktah okook, _what is that?_
+iktah mika tikegh, _what do you want?_ iktah, _well, what now?_
+
+~Ik'-tah, _n._ From the foregoing. _A thing; goods; merchandise;
+clothing._ Hyiu tenas iktah, _a great many trifles._ The use of the same
+word for _what_ and for _things,_ has been noticed in some other languages
+of this coast.
+
+~Il'-la-hie~, _n._ Chinook, ILAHEKH. _The ground; the earth; dirt._ Tipso
+illahie, _prairie;_ saghallie illahie, _mountains, or high land; heaven;_
+hyiu illahie kopa, _dirty_ (literally, _much dirt upon_).
+
+~In'-a-ti~, or ~Een-a-ti~, _prep., adv._ Chinook, INATAI. _Across;
+opposite to; on the other side of._ Inati chuck, _on the other side of the
+river;_ klatawa inati, _to cross over._
+
+~Ip'-soot~, _v. a., v. n._ Chinook, ALHUPSO. _To hide one's self, or any
+thing; to keep secret._ Ipsoot klatawa, _to steal off;_ ipsoot wau-wau,
+_to whisper._
+
+~Is'-ick~, _n._ Chinook, ISIK. _A paddle._ Mamook isick, _to paddle._
+
+~Is'-ick stick~, _n._ Chinook and English. _The ash._ Literally,
+_paddle-wood._
+
+~Is'-kum~, _v._ Chinook, idem. _To take; take hold of; hold; get._ Iskum
+okook lope, _hold on to that rope;_ mika na iskum? _did you get it?_
+
+~It'-lan~, or ~It'h-lan~, _n._ Chinook, ITHLANA. _A fathom; the length of
+the extended arms._
+
+~It'-lo-kum~, _n._ Chinook, idem; Chihalis, SETLOKUM. _The game of
+"hand,"_--a common amusement. Mamook itlokum, _to gamble._
+
+~Itl'-wil-lie~, _n._ Chinook, ETLWILI. _The flesh; meat of any animal._
+Konaway nika itlwillie sick, _all my flesh is sore._
+
+~Its'-woot~, or ~Its'-hoot~, _n._ Chinook, EITSHHUT. _A black bear._
+Itshoot paseesie, _thick dark cloth or blankets._
+
+
+~K.~
+
+~Kah~, _adv._ Chinook, KAKH. _Where; whither; whence._ Kah mika mitlite?
+_where do you live?_ konaway kah, _everywhere;_ kah-kah, _here and there._
+
+~Kah'-kah~, _n._ Chinook and Nisqually (by onoma.), SKAKA. _A crow._
+
+~Kah-kwa~, _adv._ Nootka; Tokwaht, ACHKO. _Like; similar to; equal with;
+as._ Kahkwa nika tumtum, _so I think_ (literally, _such [is] my heart_);
+kahkwa hyas nika, _as large as I;_ kahkwa spose, _as if;_ kloshe kahkwa,
+_that is right; good so._
+
+~Kah'-na-way~, _n._ Chinook, T'KANAWE. _Acorns._ Kahnaway stick, _the
+oak._ Used only on the Columbia river.
+
+~Kahp-ho~, _n._Chinook, idem. _An elder brother, sister, or cousin._
+
+~Kah-ta~, _adv._ Chinook, KATA. _How; why._ Kahta mika mamook okook? _why
+do you do that?_ kahta mika chahko? _how did you come?_ kahta mika? _what
+is the matter with you?_ pe kahta? _and why so?_
+
+~Kal-ak-a-lah-ma~, _n._ Chinook, OKALAKALAMA. _A goose._ Used on the lower
+Columbia river.
+
+~Kal-a-kwah-tie~, _n._ Chinook, KALAKWATI; Clatsop, KL'WHELATL. _The inner
+bark of the cedar_ (thuja); _the petticoat, or skirt, formerly worn by
+women, and often made of strands of bark._ Kalakwahtie stick, _the
+cedar-tree._
+
+~Ka-li'-tan~, _n._ Chinook, TKLAITAN. _An arrow; shot; a bullet._ Kalitan
+le sac, _a quiver; a shot-pouch._
+
+~Kal-lak'-a-la~, or ~Kul-luk'-ul-la~, _n._ Chinook, KALAKALA. _A bird._
+
+~Kam-ass~, or ~La-kam-ass~, _n._ Nootka. _The Scilla esculenta,_--a
+bulbous root used for food by the Indians. Jewitt gives CHAMASS as the
+Nootka for _fruit,_ also for _sweet, or pleasant to the taste._
+
+~Kam-ooks~, _n._ Chinook, KLKABOKES. _A dog._ Kahkwa kamooks, _like a dog;
+beastly._
+
+~Ka-mo'-suk~, _n._ Chinook, idem. _Beads._ Tyee kamosuk (chief beads),
+_the large blue glass beads._
+
+~Kap-su-al-la~. Quaere u. d. _To steal._ Kapsualla klatawa, _to steal
+away;_ kapsualla mamook, _to do secretly._
+
+~Kat-suk~, or ~Kot-suk~, _n._ Chinook, idem. _The middle or centre of any
+thing._
+
+~Kau'-py~, _n._ English. _Coffee._
+
+~Ka-wak~, _v._ Chihalis, KAUAK. _To fly._ Not in general use.
+
+~Kaw-ka-wak~, _adj._ Chinook, KAKAWAK. _Yellow, or pale green._
+
+~Kee-kwil-lie~, _prep._ Chinook, KIK'HWILI. _Low; below; under; beneath;
+down._ Mamook keekwillie, _to lower;_ mitlite keekwillie, _to set down;
+put under._ Not used in the sense of "down stream."
+
+~Keep'-wot~, _n._ Chinook, OKWEPOWA; Yakama, KAPUS, _a pin_ (Pandosy). _A
+needle; the sting of an insect; a thorn._ Shoes keepwot, _an awl._
+
+~Keh'-loke~, _n._ Chinook, idem. _A swan._ Of local use only.
+
+~Keh'-see~, or ~Ki'-su~, _n._ Chinook, EKESO. _An apron._
+
+~Keh-wa~, _adv._ Quaere u. d. _Because._ Not in common use.
+
+~Kel'-a-pi~, or ~Ka-la-pi~, _v._ Chinook, KELAPAI. _To turn; return;
+overturn; upset._ Kelapi canim, _to upset a canoe;_ hyak kelapi, _come
+back quickly;_ kelapi kopa house, _go back to the house;_ mamook kelapi,
+_to bring, send, or carry back;_ kelapi tumtum, _to change one's mind._
+
+~Kes'-chi~, or ~Keh-tsie~. Chinook, KUKHTSI (Anderson). _Notwithstanding;
+although._ Keschi yakka mamook kahkwa, _although he did so._ Not in common
+use.
+
+~Ket'-ling~, or ~Kit'-ling~, _n._ English. _A kettle; can; basin, &c._
+
+~Kil-it'-sut~, _n._ Chinook, OKWILIKTSHUT. _Flint; a bottle; glass._
+
+~Kim'-ta~, or ~Kim-tah'~, _prep._ Chinook, KIMTA. _Behind; after;
+afterwards; last; since._ Klatawa kimtah, _go behind;_ nika elip, pe yakka
+kimtah, _I first, and he afterwards;_ okook kimtah, _the one behind;_
+kimtah nika nannitsh mika, _since I saw you._
+
+~King Chautsh~, _adj._ English, KING GEORGE. _English._ King chautshman,
+_an Englishman._
+
+~Ki'-nootl~, or ~Ki'-noos~, _n._ Chinook, EKAINUTL. _Tobacco._
+
+~Kish-kish~, _v._ Chinook, idem. _To drive,_ as cattle or horses.
+
+~Kiu'-a-tan~, _n._ Chinook, IKIUATAN. Cooley kiuatan, _a race-horse;_
+stone kiuatan, _a stallion._
+
+~Ki'-wa~, _adj._ Wasco, KAIWA (Shaw). _Crooked._ Of only local use.
+
+~Ki'-yah~, _n._ Chihalis, KAIYAKH. _Entrails._
+
+~Klah~, _adj._ Chinook, KLAKH. _Free or clear from; in sight._ Ex. Chee
+yakka klah, _now he is in sight;_ klatawa klah, _to escape, as a
+prisoner;_ chahko klah (of seed), _to come up;_ (of the woods), _to open
+out;_ (of the weather), _to clear up;_ mamook klah, _to uncover._ Mr.
+Anderson gives as the original meaning, _to open out or appear._
+
+~Klah-hanie'~, or ~Klagh-anie'~, _adv._ Chinook, KLAKHANI. _Out of doors;
+out; without._ Ex. Mamook klaghanie okook, _put that out;_ klatawa
+klaghanie, _to go out._
+
+~Kla'-how-ya.~ The ordinary salutation at meeting or parting. _How do you
+do? good-bye;_ as, klahowya sikhs, _good-bye, friend._
+
+~Kla-how-yum~, _adj., n._ Chinook, KLAHAUIA. _Poor; miserable; wretched;
+compassion._ Ex. Hyas klahowyum nika, _I am very poor;_ mamook klahowyum,
+_to take pity on; give alms; be generous._
+
+The salutation above given probably originated in some whining reply to
+the first whites, and a distinction has since arisen between the two modes
+of spelling, which is, however, purely arbitrary.
+
+~Klah-wa~, _adv._ Chinook, KLAWAKH. _Slow; slowly._ Ex. Klatawa klahwa,
+_go slowly._
+
+~Klak~, _adv._ Chinook, KLAKW. _[To take] off._ Ex. Mamook klak stone
+kiuatan, _to castrate a horse;_ mamook klak l'assiette, _take off the
+plates;_ klak kopa wayhut, _get out of the road._
+
+~Klak-sta~, or ~Kluk'-sta~, _pron._ Chinook, T'KLUKSTA. Ex. Klaksta mamook
+okook? _who made or did that?_ halo klaksta, _no one._
+
+~Klak-wun~, or ~Kleh-kwan~, _v._ Chihalis, KLAKWUN._To wipe, or lick._
+Klakwun l'assiette, _to wipe a plate._
+
+~Klale~, or ~T'klale~, _adj._ Chinook, TLEHL. _Black, or dark blue, or
+green._
+
+~Klap~, _v._ Chinook, KLAP. _To find._ Ex. Mika na klap mika kiuatan? _did
+you find your horse?_ klap tenas, _to be with child._
+
+~Kla'-pite~, _n._ Chinook, KLIPAIT. _Thread; twine._
+
+~Klas-ka~, or ~Klus'-ka~, _pron._ Chinook, KLUSKA. _They; thine; them._
+
+~Klat'-a-wa~, _v._ Nootka, KLATTUNWAH (Jewitt); Nittinat, KLATOeUKH. _To
+go._ Klatawa teahwit, _to walk; go on foot;_ klatawa kopa kiuatan, _to
+ride;_ klatawa kopa boat, _to sail;_ mamook klatawa, _to send._
+
+~Kla-whap~, _n._ Chinook, KLHUAP. _A hole._ Mamook klawhap, _to dig a
+hole._
+
+~Klem'-a-hun~, _v._ Chihalis, idem. _To stab; to wound; to dart; to cast
+as a spear; to hook or gore as an ox._ Nika klemahun samun, _I spear
+salmon._
+
+~Klihl~, or ~Klilt~, _adj._ Chinook, KLIHL. _Bitter._ Not of universal
+use. Mr. Hale makes it KLITL, _sour._
+
+~Klik'-a-muks~, _n._ Chinook, KLIKABUKS. _Blackberries,_ or more properly
+_dewberries._
+
+~Klik'-wal-lie~, or ~Kloke'-wal-lie~. Chinook, KLIKWALI. _Brass wire; an
+armlet or bracelet of brass wire._ Mr. Anderson gives the original meaning
+as simply _brass._
+
+~Klim-in'-a-whit~, _n., v._ Chinook, KLIMINAWHUT. _A lie; to lie._ Hyas
+kumtuks kliminawhit, _he is a great liar_ (literally, _he knows well how
+to lie_).
+
+~Klim'-min~, or ~Klimmin-klimmin~, _adj._ Chinook, TKLEMIN-TKLEMIN. _Soft;
+fine in substance._ The reduplication denotes the diminutive, but in
+jargon it is generally used singly. Ex. Klimmin sapoleel, _flour;_ klimmin
+illahie, _mud; marshy ground;_ mamook klimmin, _to soften as by dressing a
+skin._
+
+~Klip~, _adj._ Chinook, KELIPE; Chihalis, KLUPUTL; Nisqually, KLEP. _Deep;
+sunken._ Klip chuck, _deep water;_ klip sun, _sunset._
+
+~Klis'-kwiss~, _n._ Chinook, idem. _A mat._
+
+~Klogh-klogh~, _n._ Chinook, OKLOKHKLO. _Oysters._ The word is common to
+the Puget Sound tribes, as well as to the Chinooks.
+
+~Klo-nass~, _adv._ Chinook, idem. Expression of uncertainty or doubt.
+_Perhaps; I don't know; may be so; who knows?_ Equivalent to the Spanish
+_quien sabe._ Ex. Klonass nika klatawa, _perhaps I shall go. Q._ Kah mika
+kahpho? _where is your brother? A._ Klonass, _I don't know._
+
+~Klone~, _adj._ Chinook, TKLON. _Three._
+
+~Klook~, _adj._ English. _Crooked._ Klook teahwit, _broken legged; lame._
+
+~Klootch-man~, _n._ Nootka and Tokwaht, KLUTSMA. _A woman;_ a female of
+any animal. Tenas klootshman, _a girl;_ klootchman kiuatan,  _a mare._
+
+~Klose~, or ~Kloshe~, _adj., adv._ Nootka; Tokwaht, KLOHTL; Makah,
+KLOTELO; Nisqually, KLOB. _Good; well; well enough._ Kloshe nannitsh,
+_look out; take care;_ hyas kloshe, _very well._
+
+~Klose-spose~. Nootka, KLOHTL; English, SUPPOSE. _Shall or may I; let me._
+Ex. Klose-spose nika mamook pia okook? _shall I cook that?_ (literally,
+_[is it] good that I make cook that?_).
+
+~Klugh~, or ~Klugh-klugh~. Chinook, KLUKH. _To tear._ Mamook klugh
+illahie, _to plough_ (literally, _to tear the ground_).
+
+~Kluk-ulh'~, or ~Klak-alh'~, _adj._ Chihalis, TLUKUTLH. _Broad or wide,_
+as of a plank.
+
+~Ko~, _v._ Chinook, idem. _To reach; arrive at._ Chee klaska ko, _they
+have just come;_ kansih nesika ko kopa Nisqually? _when shall we reach
+Nisqually._
+
+~Ko'-ko~, _v._ Chinook (by onoma). _To knock._ Koko stick, _a
+wood-pecker._
+
+~Kok'-shut~, _v._ Nootka, KAKHSHETL; Klaokwat, KWACHITL. In the original,
+_dead._ _To break; broken; to beat._ Hyas kokshut, _broken to pieces._
+
+~Kon'-a-way~, _adj._ Chinook, KANAWE. _All; every._ Klaska konaway
+klatawa, _they have all gone;_ konaway tilikum, _everybody;_ konaway kah,
+_everywhere._
+
+~Koo'-sah~, or ~Ko-sah~, _n._ Chinook, EKOSAKH. _The sky._ Only used on
+the Columbia.
+
+~Ko'-pa~, _adv., prep._ Chinook, idem. _To; in; at; with; towards; of;
+about; concerning; there or in that place._ Ex. Kopa nika house, _at my
+house;_ lolo okook kopa mika, _take that home with you_ (equivalent to the
+French _chez vous_); cultus kopa nika, _it is nothing to me. Q._ Kah okook
+lope? _where is that rope? A._ (motioning with the chin towards the place)
+Kopah.
+
+~Ko-pet'~, _v., adv._ Chinook, idem. _To stop; leave off; enough._ Kopet
+wau-wau, _stop talking;_ kopet ikt, _only one;_ kopet okook, _that's all;_
+wake siah kopet, _nearly finished;_ kopet tomalla, _day after to-morrow._
+
+~Kow~, _v._ Chinook, KAU-KAU. _To tie; to fasten._ Kow mika kiuatan, _tie
+your horse;_ ikt kow, _a bundle._
+
+~Kull~, _adj._ Chinook, K'HUL-K'HUL. _Hard in substance; difficult._
+Chahko kull, _to become hard;_ mamook kull, _to harden; to cause to become
+hard;_ hyas kull spose mamook, _it is very hard to do so;_ kull stick,
+_oak or any hard wood._
+
+~Kul-lagh'~, or ~Kul-lagh'-an~, _n._ Chihalis, KULLAKH; Lummi, KULLUKHAN.
+_A fence; a corral, or inclosure._ Kullagh stick, _fence rails._ In the
+original, it meant the stockade with which Indian houses are often
+surrounded.
+
+~Kum'-tuks~, or ~Kame-taks~, _v._ Nootka, KOMMETAK (Jewitt); Tokwaht,
+KUMITUKS; Clayoquot, KEMITAK. _To know; understand; be acquainted with;
+imagine; believe._ Mamook kumtuks, _to explain; teach;_ hyas kumtuks
+solleks (literally, _well to understand anger), to be passionate;_ kopet
+kumtuks, _to forget;_ halo kumtuks, _stupid; without understanding;_ (of a
+horse) hyas yakka kumtuks cooley, _he can run fast_ (literally, _he knows
+well to run_); kumtuks kliminawhit, _to be a liar; to understand lying;_
+nika kumtuks okook tyee, _I know that chief;_ nika kumtuks Klikatat
+wau-wau, _I understand the Klikatat language._
+
+~Kun'-a-moxt~, _adj._ Chinook, KONAWAY MOXT. _Both; together_ (literally,
+_all two_). Kunamoxt kahkwa, _both alike._
+
+~Kun'-sih, Kan'-sih, Kun'-juk, Kun'-jie~, _adv._ Chinook, KUNSEUKH. _How
+many; when; ever._ Kunsih tilikum mitlite? _how many people are there?_
+kunsih mika klatawa? _when do you go?_ wake kunsih, _never;_ mamook
+kunsih, _to count._
+
+~Kush'-is~, _n._ Chihalis, KOSHIS. _Stockings._ In the original, any
+elastic article of dress. Not in general use.
+
+~Kwah'-ne-sum~, _adv._ Chinook, KWANISUM; Yakama, KWALISIM. _Always;
+forever._
+
+~Kwah'-nioe~, _n._ Klikatat, KWADDIS. _A whale._
+
+~Kwahta~, _n._ English. _The quarter of a dollar._ The quarter of any
+number is usually expressed in Jargon by _tenas sitku,_ i.e., _a small
+half._
+
+~Kwah'-tin~. See YAKWAHTIN.
+
+~Kwaist~, or ~Kweest~, _adj._ Chinook, KWAITST. _Nine._
+
+~Kwa-lal'-kwa-lal'~, _v._ Chinook, KWULLIL-KWULLIL. _To gallop._
+
+~Kwal'h~, _n._ Chihalis, KWATLH. _An aunt._
+
+~Kwann~, _adj._ Chinook, KWAN-KWAN. _Glad._ According to Mr. Anderson, it
+means a custom or habit. It is used by some in this sense as _tamed_ or
+_broken,_ as of a horse (McCormick). KWAL is Nisqually for _tame._
+
+~Kwass~, _adj._ Chinook, idem. _Fear; afraid; tame._ Mamook kwass, _to
+frighten; to tame._
+
+~Kwates~, or ~Kwehts~, _adj._ Chihalis, KWETS. _Sour._
+
+~Kweh-kweh~, _n._ Chinook, OKWEKWE (by onoma). _A mallard duck._ Used
+chiefly at mouth of the Columbia.
+
+~Kwek-wi-ens~, _n._ Chihalis, idem. _A pin._ Of limited use.
+
+~Kweo-kweo~, _n._ Chinook, T'KWEO-KWEO. _A ring; a circle._
+
+~Kwetlh~, _adj._ Chihalis, idem. (Anderson). _Proud._ Not in general use.
+
+~Kwin'-num~, _adj._ Chinook, KWENEM. _Five._
+
+~Kwish~, or ~Kweesh~, _interj._ Refusing any thing contemptuously.
+Equivalent to "_No you don't._" Used on the lower Columbia.
+
+~Kwit'-shad-ie~, _n._ Nisqually, KWUTSHDIE. _The hare or rabbit._ Confined
+to Puget Sound.
+
+~Kwo-lann'~, or ~Kwo-lah'-nie~, _n._ Chihalis, KWOLAN; Nisqually, KWILANI.
+_The ear._ Halo kwolann, or, ikpooie kwolann, _deaf._
+
+~Kwulh~, or ~Kwult~, _v._ Chinook, KWULT'H. _To hit; to wound with an
+arrow or gun; to strike with a slick or stone; or in any manner without
+cutting; to hit._
+
+~Kwun'-nun~, _n._ Chihalis, idem. _A count; numbers._ Ex. Mamook kwunnun,
+_to count._ Of merely local use.
+
+~Kwutl~, _adj._ Chinook, idem. Literally, _fast._ _To push or squeeze,_ as
+in packing; hyas mamook kwutl, _haul tight._
+
+
+~L.~
+
+~La-bleed'~, _n._ French, LA BRIDE. _A bridle._
+
+~La-boos'~, _n._ French, LA BOUCHE. _The mouth; mouth of a river._ Moxt
+laboos, _the forks of a river._
+
+~La-boo-ti'~, _n._ French, LA BOUTEILLE. _A bottle._
+
+~La-ca-lat'~, _n._ French, LA CAROTTE. _A carrot._
+
+~La-ca-set'~, _n._ French, LA CASETTE. _A box, trunk, or chest._
+
+~La-clo-a~, _n._ French, LA CROIX. _A cross._
+
+~Lagh~, _v._ Chinook, LAKH. _To lean; to tip, as a boat; to stoop; to bend
+over, as a tree._ Wake mika lagh kopa okook house, _don't lean against
+that house._
+
+~La-gome~, _n._ French, LA GOMME. _Pitch; glue._ La gome stick,
+_light-wood; the pitch-pine._
+
+~La-gwin'~, or ~La-kween'~, _n._ Quaere u. d. _A saw._
+
+~La-hal.~ See SLAHAL.
+
+~Lahb~, _n._ French, L'HERBE. The arbutus _uva ursi,_ the leaves of which
+are used in smoking, alone or mixed with tobacco.
+
+~La-hash~, _n._ French, LA HACHE. _An axe or hatchet._
+
+~La-kam-mas'.~ See KAMASS.
+
+~Lak'-it~, or ~Lok'-it~, _adj._ Chinook, LAKT. _Four; four times._ Lakit
+taht-lelum, _forty._
+
+~La'-kles~, _n._ French, LA GRAISSE. _Fat; oil._ See, also, GLEASE.
+
+~La-lah~, _v._ Chinook, LAKHWHOLA. _To cheat; fool; to practise jokes._
+Mamook lalah, _to make fun._
+
+~La-lahm'~, or ~La-lum'~, _n._ French, LA RAME._An oar._ Mamook lalahm,
+_to row._
+
+~La-lang~, _n._ French, LA LANGUE. _The tongue; a language._
+
+~La-leem'~, _n._ French, LA LIME. _A file._
+
+~La-messe'~, _n._ French, idem. _The ceremony of the mass._
+
+~La-mes-tin~, or ~La-mo-tchin~, _n._ French, LA MEDECINE. _Medecine,_ not
+including magic.
+
+~Lam'-mi-eh~, or ~Lam-mi-i~, _n._ French, LA VIEILLE. _An old woman._
+
+~La-mon-ti~, or ~La-mo-ti~, _n._ French, LA MONTAGNE. _A mountain._
+
+~La-peep'~, _n._ French, LA PIPE. _A tobacco-pipe._ Lapeep kullakala
+(literally, the "pipe-bird"), _the band-tailed eagle,_ as its feathers
+were used to ornament the pipe stems.
+
+~La-pehsh~, _n._ French, LA PERCHE. _A pole; the setting-pole of a boat or
+canoe._
+
+~La-pel-lah~, _v._ Quaere if from the French, LE FOYER. Mamook lapellah,
+_to roast before the fire._
+
+~La-pelle'~, _n._ French, LA PELLE. _A shovel or spade._
+
+~La-pe-osh'~, _n._ French, LA PIOCHE. _A mattock; a hoe._
+
+~La-piege~, _n._ French, LA PIEGE. _A trap._ Eena la piege, _a
+beaver-trap._
+
+~La-plash~, _n._ French, LA PLANCHE. _A board._
+
+~La-po-el'~, _n._ French, LA POELE. _A frying-pan._ Mamook lapoel, _to
+fry._
+
+~La-pome~, _n._ French, LA POMME. _An apple._
+
+~La-pool'~, _n._ French, LA POULE. _A fowl; poultry._ Siwash lapool, _the
+grouse._
+
+~La-poo-shet'~, _n._ French, LA FOURCHETTE. _A fork._
+
+~La-pote~, _n._ French, LA PORTE. _A door._
+
+~La-sanjel~, _n._ French, LA CINGLE. _A girth; a sash; a belt._
+
+~La-see~, _n._ French, LA SCIE. _A saw._
+
+~La-sell'~, _n._ French, LA SELLE. _A saddle._
+
+~La-shal-loo~, or ~La-shal-lee~, _n._ French, LA CHARRUE. _A plough._
+
+~La-shan-del~, _n._ French, LA CHANDELLE. _A candle._
+
+~La-shase~, _n._ French, LA CHAISE. _A chair._
+
+~La-shen'~, _n_ French, LA CHAINE. _A chain._
+
+~Las-siet'~, _n._ French, L'ASSIETTE. _A plate._
+
+~La-sway~, _n., adj._ French, LA SOIE. _Silk; silken._
+
+~La-tahb~, _n._ French, LA TABLE. _A table._
+
+~La-tet'~, _n._ French, LA TETE. _The head._ Pil latet, _red-headed._
+
+~La-tlah'~, _n._ French, TRAIN; as, "ne faites pas de train." (Anderson).
+_A noise._ Mamook latlah, _to make a noise._
+
+~La-wen'~, _n._ French, L'AVOINE. _Oats._
+
+~La-west'~, _n._ French, LA VESTE. _A waistcoat._
+
+~Lazy~, _adj._ English, idem. _Lazy._
+
+~Le-bah-do~ (often pronounced lab'-a-do), _n._ French, LE BARDEAU. _A
+shingle._
+
+~Le-bal'~, _n._ French, idem. _A ball; bullet._ Tenas lebal, _shot._
+
+~Le-bis'-kwie~, _n._ French, LE BISCUIT. _Biscuit; crackers; hard bread._
+
+~Le-blau'~, _n., adj._ French, LE BLOND. _A sorrel horse; chestnut
+colored._
+
+~Le-clem'~, _n., adj._ French, LE CREME. _Cream-colored; a cream-colored
+or light dun horse._
+
+~Le-cock'~, _n._ French, LE COQ. _A cock; a fowl._
+
+~Le-doo'~, _n._ French, LE DOIGT. _A finger._
+
+~Le-gley~, _n., adj._ French, LE GRIS, or English GRAY, with French
+article. _A gray horse; gray._
+
+~Le-jaub'~. See DIAUB.
+
+~Le-kleh~, _n._ French, LE CLEF. _A key._ Mamook le kleh, _lock the door._
+
+~Le-kloo'~, _n._ French, LE CLOU. _A nail; nails._
+
+~Le-koo'~, _n._ French, LE COU. _The neck._
+
+~Le-ky'e~, _n., adj._ Mr. Anderson derives this from a Canadian word
+_caille,_ meaning _a piebald horse._ In its jargon use, it means, also, _a
+spot, spotted,_ or _speckled;_ as, lekye salmon, _the spotted or winter
+salmon_ (_salmo canis,_ Suckley).
+
+~Le-lo'-ba~, _n._ French, LE RUBAN. _A ribbon._
+
+~Le-loo'~, _n._ French, LE LOUP. _A wolf_ (the large wolf).
+
+~Le-mah~, or ~Leh-ma~, _n._ French, LA MAIN. _The hand; the arm._ Kloshe
+lemah, _the right_ (literally, _the good hand_); potlatch lemah, _shake
+hands._
+
+~Le-mah-to~, _n._ French, LE MARTEAU. _A hammer._
+
+~Le-mel'~, _n._ French, LE MULET. _A mule._
+
+~Le-mo'-lo~, _n., adj._ French Canadian, LE MORON; undoubtedly a
+corruption of MARRON, _a runaway negro._ _Wild; untamed._ It applies to
+men as well as animals, as, for instance, to the tribes which have had no
+intercourse with the settlements.
+
+~Le-moo'-to~, or ~Lam'-mu-to~, _n._ French, LES MOUTONS. _Sheep._
+
+~Le-pan'~, _n._ French, LE PAIN. _Bread; raised or light bread._
+
+~Le-pee'~, _n._ French, LE PIED. _The feet._
+
+~Le-pish'-e-mo~, _n._ Quaere u. d. _The saddle-blanket and housings of a
+horse._
+
+~Le-plet~, _n._ French, LE PRETRE. _A priest._
+
+~Le-pwau'~, _n._ French, LES POIS. _Peas._
+
+~Le-sak'~, _n._ French, LE SAC. _A bag; a pocket._
+
+~Le-sap'~, or ~Le-zep'~, _n._ French, LES OEUFS. _An egg; eggs._
+
+~Le-see-blo~, _n._ French, LES EPERONS. _Spurs._
+
+~Le-see-zo~, _n._ French, LE CISEAU. _Scissors._
+
+~Le-sook~, _n._ French, LE SUCRE. _Sugar._
+
+~Le-tah~, _n._ French, LE DENT. _The teeth._
+
+~Le-whet'~, _n._ French, LE FOUET. _A whip._ Mamook lewhet, _to whip._
+
+~Lice~, _n._ English. _Rice._
+
+~Lik-pu'-hu~, or ~Lik'-po~, _n._ (Hale.) _An elder sister._ Mr. Hale gives
+this as a Chinook word. If so, it is probably a corruption of KUP'HO. It
+is not used in Jargon.
+
+~Lip'-lip~, _v._ By onoma. (Hale). _To boil_ Mamook liplip, _to make, or
+cause to boil._
+
+~Lo-lo~, _v._ Chinook, idem. Originally, to carry a child on the back. In
+Jargon, used in a more extended sense. _To carry; to load._ Lolo kopa
+tsiktsik, _to carry in a cart._ Mamook lolo kopa canim, _to load into a
+canoe._
+
+~Lo-lo'~, _adj._ Chinook, LOWULLO. _Round; whole; the entire of any
+thing._ Lolo sapeleel, _whole wheat;_ mamook lolo, _to roll up_ (Shaw).
+
+~Lope~, _n._ English, ROPE. _A rope._ Tenas lope, _a cord;_ skin lope, _a
+raw hide, riata, or thong._
+
+~Luk'-ut-chee~, or ~La-kwit-chee~, _n._ French, LA COQUILLE. (?) _Clams._
+Used chiefly on Puget Sound.
+
+~Lum~, _n._ English, RUM. _Spirits of any sort._
+
+
+~M.~
+
+~Mah-kook~, _v., n._ Nootka, MAKUK; Nittinat and Tokwaht, idem; Makah,
+BAKWATL. _To buy or sell; trade or exchange; a bargain._ As their buying
+and selling was merely barter, the same word always answered for both
+operations. Kah mika mahkook okook calipeen? _where did you buy that
+rifle?_ hyas mahkook, _dear;_ tenas mahkook, _cheap._
+
+~Mah-kook-house.~ _A trading-house or a store._
+
+~Mah-lie~, _v._ Nisqually. _To forget._ Of local use on Puget Sound.
+
+~Mahsh~, _v. a._ French, MARCHER. _To leave; to turn out; to throw away;
+to part with; remove._ Ex. Mahsh chuck kopa boat, _bail the boat out;_
+mahsh okook salmon, _throw away that fish;_ mahsh maika capo, _take off
+your coat;_ mahsh! (to a dog) _get out!_ mahsh tenas, _to have a child; to
+be delivered;_ yakka mahsh tum-tum kopa nika, _he has given me his orders,
+or told me his wishes;_ mahsh kow, _to untie;_ mahsh stone, _to castrate._
+
+~Mah-sie~, _v._ French, MERCIE. _Thank you._
+
+~Maht-lin-nie~, _adv._ Chinook, MATLINI. _Off shore._ (In boating), _keep
+off!_ (if on land), _towards the water._
+
+~Maht-wil-lie~, _adv._Chinook, MATHWILI. _In shore; shoreward._ (As a
+command), _keep in;_ (on land), _towards the woods, or the interior._
+
+~Ma-lah, _n._ Chinook, MALAGH. _Tinware; crockery; earthenware._
+
+~Mal-i-eh, _v._ French, MARIER. _To marry._
+
+~Ma'-ma~, _n._ English, MAMMA. _A mother._
+
+~Mam'-ook~, _v. a._ Nootka, MAMUK. _To make; to do; to work._ It is the
+general active verb, and is used largely in combination with nouns and
+other verbs; as, mamook chahko, _make to come, fetch;_ mamook kelipai,
+_bring or send back;_ mamook isick, _to paddle;_ mamook illahee, _to dig._
+
+~Man~, _n._ English, idem. _A man; the male of any animal._ Ex. Man
+moolock, a _buck elk;_ tenas man, _a young man or boy._
+
+~Mel-a-kwa~, or ~Mal-a-kwa~, _n._ French, MARANGOUIN. (Anderson.) _A
+mosquito._
+
+~Mel'-ass~, _n._ French, MELASSE. _Molasses._
+
+~Mem'-a-loost~, _v., n., part._ Chinook, MEMALUST. _To die; dead._ Mamook
+memaloost, _to kill._
+
+~Me-sah-chie~, _adj._ Chinook, MASACHI. _Bad; wicked._
+
+~Me-si'-ka~, _pron._ Chinook, MESAIKA. _You; your; yours._
+
+~Mi'-ka~, _pron._ Chinook, MAIKA. _Thou; thy; thine._
+
+~Mi'-mie~, _adv._ Chinook, MAIAMI. _Down stream._
+
+~Mist-chi'-mas~, _n._ Quaere u. d. _A slave._ Dr. Scouler gives this word
+as Nootka and Columbian. Mr. Hale makes it Chinook. It is certainly,
+however, neither Chinook nor Chihalis; and Jewitt gives _kakoelth_ as
+Nootka, while I find the Makah word _kotlo,_ and the Nittinat _kotl._
+
+~Mit-ass~, _n._ Cree, MITAS. (Anderson.) _Leggings._ A word imported by
+the Canadian French.
+
+~Mit'-lite~, _v._ Chinook, MITLAIT. _To sit; sit down; stay at; reside;
+remain._ It is also used in place of _to have_ and _to be._ Ex. Mitlite
+kopa house, _he is in the house;_ mitlite hyiu salmon kopa mika? _have you
+plenty of salmon?_ mitlite (_imp._), _sit down;_ cultus mitlite, _to stop
+anywhere without particular object;_ mitlite tenas, _to be with child;_
+mitlite keekwillie, _to put down._
+
+~Mit'-whit~, _v._ Chinook, AMETWHET. _To stand; stand up._ Mitwhit stick,
+_a standing tree; a mast._
+
+~Mokst~, _adj._ Chinook, MAKST. _Two; twice._
+
+~Moo'-la~, _n._ French, MOULIN. _A mill._ Stick moola, _a saw-mill._
+
+~Moo'-lock~, _n._ Chinook, EMULUK. _An elk._ This word, strangely enough,
+occurs also in the Koquilth of Humboldt Bay.
+
+~Moon~, _n._ English, idem. _The moon._ Ikt moon, _a month;_ sick moon,
+_the wane or old moon._
+
+~Moos'-moos~, _n._ Klikatat, MUSMUS; Chinook, EMUSMUS. _Buffalo; horned
+cattle._ The word, slightly varied, is common to several languages. Mr.
+Anderson derives it from the Cree word _moostoos,_ a buffalo, and supposes
+it to have been imported by the Canadians; but Father Pandosy makes
+_musmus_ Yakama.
+
+~Moo'-Sum~, _v., n._ Chihalis, MUSAM. _To sleep; sleep._ Tikegh moosum,
+_or_ olo moosum, _to be sleepy_ (literally, _to want, or be hungry for
+sleep_); nika hyas moosum, _I slept very sound._
+
+~Mow-itsh~, or ~Mah'-witsh~, _n._ Nootka, MAUITSH (Hale); Nittinat,
+MOITSH, _a deer;_ Nootka, MOOWATSH, a _bear_ (Jewitt). _A deer; venison._
+Frequently used to signify a wild animal; as, huloima mowitch, _a strange
+or different kind of beast._ The meaning given in Jewitt's book is
+probably a misprint. Like _moolock,_ an elk, the word is found in the
+Koquilth of Humboldt Bay.
+
+~Muck-a-muck~, _n., v._ Quaere u. d. MAKAMAK (Hale). _To eat; to bite;
+food._ Muckamuck chuck, &c., _to drink water, or other liquid._ Neither
+Chinook nor Chihalis. Mr. Anderson considers it an invented word.
+
+~Mus'-ket~, _n._ English, idem. _A gun or musket._ Stick musket, _a bow._
+
+
+~N.~
+
+~Na.~ The interrogative particle. Ex. Mika na klatawa okook sun? _do you
+go to-day?_ Interrogation is, however, often conveyed by intonation only.
+
+~Na-ah, _n._ Chinook, TLKANAA. _A mother._ (Hale.) Peculiar to the
+Columbia, and now in fact obsolete, the Euglish MA'MA being used instead.
+
+~Nah~, _interj._ Common to several languages. _Look here! I say!_ Nah
+sikhs! _halloo, friend!_ Also used in common conversation to call
+attention to some point not thoroughly understood. In the Yakama language,
+it is the sign of the vocative; as, nah tehn! _O man._
+
+~Nan'-itsh~, _v._ Quaere u. d. _To see; look; look for; seek._ Nanitsh!
+_look there!_ kloshe nanitsh! _look out! take care!_ cultus nanitsh, _to
+look round idly, or from curiosity only._ Mamook nanitsh, _to show._ The
+word is neither Chinook nor Chihalis. Dr. Scouler gives _nannanitch_ as
+Nootka and Columbian. It is possibly tbe former.
+
+~Nau'-its~, _adv._ Chihalis, NOITSH. Mr. Hale gives this for _off shore;
+on the stream._ It means, according to Mr. Anderson, the _sea-beach,_  and
+is not properly a Jargon word.
+
+~Na-wit'-ka~, _adv._ Chinook, idem; Klikatat and Yakama, N'WITKA. _Yes;
+certainly; yes indeed; to be sure._ Nawitka wake nika kumtuks, _indeed I
+don't know._ In answer to a negative question, many Indians use it as
+affirming the negative. Ex. Wake mika nanitsh? _did you not see [it]?_
+Nawitka, _I did not._
+
+~Nem, _n._ English, NAME. _A name._ Mamook nem, _to name, or call by
+name._
+
+~Ne-nam-ooks, _n._ Chinook, ENANAMUKS. _The land otter._
+
+~Ne si'-ka~, _pron._ Chinook, NISAIKA. _We; us; our._
+
+~Ne'-whah.~ Chinook, NIWHA. It seems to be an adverb used, as is often the
+case, as a verb, the meaning being _hither, come,_ or _bring it hither._
+Ex. Newhah nika nanitsh, _here, let me see it._
+
+~Ni'-ka~, _pron._ Chinook, NAIKA. _I; me; my; mine._
+
+~Nose~, _n._ English, idem. _The nose;_ also, _a promontory._ Boat nose,
+_the bow of a boat._
+
+
+~O.~
+
+~O'-koke~, or ~O'-kook, _pron._ Chinook, OKOeK. _This; that; it._ Iktah
+okook? _what is that?_ okook sun, _to-day;_ okook klaksta, _he who;_ okook
+klaska, _they_ (being present). It is often abbreviated to _oke;_ as, _oke
+sun._
+
+~O'-la-pits-ki~, _n._ Chinook, OOeLPITSKI. (Hale.) _Fire._ Not properly a
+Jargon word.
+
+~O'-le-man~, _n., adj._ English, OLD MAN. _An old man; old; worn out._
+Hyas oleman kiuatan, a _very old horse._ As regards articles, used in the
+sense of worn out.
+
+~Ol'-hy-iu~, _n._ Chinook, OLHAIYU. _A seal._
+
+~O'-lil-lie~, or ~O'-lal-lie~, _n._ Belbella, idem. (Tolmie.) Originally
+the salmon berry. Chinook, KLALELLI, _berries in general. Berries._ Shot
+olillie, _huckleberries;_ siahpult olillie, _raspberries;_ salmon olillie,
+_salmon berries,_ &c. On Puget Sound, always called OLALLIE.
+
+~O'-lo~, _adj._ Chinook, idem. _Hungry._ Olo chuck, _thirsty;_ olo moosum,
+_sleepy._
+
+~O'-luk~, _n._ Chihalis, idem. _A snake._
+
+~O'-na~, _n._ Chinook, EONA. _The razor fish or solen; clams._ Used only
+at mouth of the Columbia.
+
+~Oos'-kan~, _n._ Chinook. _A cup; a bowl._
+
+~O'-pe-kwan~, _n._ Chinook, OPEKWANH. _A basket; tin kettle._
+
+~O'-pitl-kegh~, _n._ Chinook, OPTLIKE. _A bow._
+
+~O'-pit-sah~, _n._ Chinook, OPTSAKH. _A knife._ Opitsah yakka sikhs _(the
+knife's friend), a fork._ The word is also used to denote _a sweetheart._
+
+~O'-poots~, or ~O'-pootsh~, _n._ Chinook, OBEPUTSH, _the fundament._ _The
+posterior; the fundament; the tail of an animal._ Boat opoots, _the
+rudder;_ opoots-sill, _a breech clout._
+
+~Ote-lagh, _n._ (Hale.) Chinook, OOeTLAKH. _The sun._ Not properly a Jargon
+word.
+
+~Ow~, _n._ Chinook, AU. _A brother younger than the speaker._
+
+
+~P.~
+
+~Pahtl~, _adj._ Chinook, PATL. _Full._ Pahtl lum _or_ paht-lum, _drunk;_
+pahtl chuck, _wet;_ pahtl illahie, _dirty;_ mamook pahtl, _to fill._
+
+~Paint~, or ~Pent~, _n., adj._ English, PAINT. Mamook pent, _to paint._
+
+~Papa~, _n._ English, idem. _A father._
+
+~Pa'see-sie~, _n._ Chinook, PASISI. _A blanket; woollen cloth._
+
+~Pa-si'-ooks~, _n., adj._ Chinook, PASISIUKS. _French; a Frenchman._
+
+Mr. Hale supposed this to be a corruption of the French word _Francais._
+It is, however, really derived from the foregoing word, PASISI, with the
+terminal UKS, which is a plural form applied to living beings. Lewis and
+Clarke (vol. ii., p. 413) give _Pashisheooks,_ clothmen, as the Chinook
+name for the whites, and this explanation was also furnished me by people
+of that tribe. It has since been generally restricted to the French
+Canadians, though among some of the tribes east of the Cascade Range, it
+is applied indiscriminately to all the Hudson's Bay people.
+
+~Pchih~, or ~Pit-chih~, _adj._ Quaere u. d. _Thin in dimension,_ as of a
+board. (Shaw.) Not in common use.
+
+~Pe-chugh~, _adj._ Chinook, PTSEKH. _Green._
+
+~Pee~, _conj._ French, PUIS. (Anderson.) _Then; besides; and; or; but._
+Pee weght, _and also; besides which;_ pee nika wauwau wake, _but I say,
+No._
+
+~Peh'-pah~, _n._ English, PAPER. _Paper; a letter; any writing._ Mamook
+pehpah, _to write._
+
+~Pel'-ton~, _n., adj._ Jargon. _A fool; foolish; crazy._ Kahkwa pelton,
+_like a fool;_ hyas pelton mika, _you are very silly._ The Indians adopted
+this word from the name of a deranged person, Archibald Pelton, or perhaps
+Felton, whom Mr. Wilson P. Hunt found on his journey to Astoria, and
+carried there with him. The circumstance is mentioned by Franchere, in his
+"Narrative," trans, p. 149.
+
+~Pe-shak'~, or ~Pe-shuk'~, _adj._ Nootka, PESHUK; Nittinat, idem. _Bad._
+
+~Pe-what'-tie~, _adj._ Chinooi, PIHWATI. _Thin,_ like paper, &c.
+
+~Pi'-ah~, _n., adj._ English, FIRE. _Fire; ripe; cooked._ Mamook piah, _to
+cook; to burn;_ piah-ship, _a steamer;_ piah olillie, _ripe berries;_ piah
+sapolill, _baked bread;_ piah sick, _the venereal disease;_ saghillie
+piah, _lightning._
+
+~Pil~, _adj._ Chinook, TLPELPEL. Father Pandosy gives PILPILP, as
+signifying _red,_ in the Nez Perce or Sahaptin, also. _Red; of a reddish
+color._ Pil illahie, _red clay or vermilion;_ pil dolla, _gold;_ pil
+chickamin, _copper;_ pil kiuatan, _a bay or chestnut horse._
+
+~Pil'-pil~, _n._ Jargon. _Blood._ Mahsh pilpil, _to bleed; to menstruate._
+Derived from the foregoing.
+
+~Pish~, _n._ English. _Fish._
+
+~Pit-lilh'~, or ~Pit-hlil'~, _adj._ Quaere u. d. _Thick in consistence,_ as
+molasses.
+
+~Piu-piu~, _n._ French, PUER, _to stink._ Or from the sound often uttered
+expressive of disgust at a bad smell. _A skunk._
+
+~Poh~, _v._ Chinook, idem. By onoma. Mamook poh, _to blow out or
+extinguish,_ as a candle.
+
+~Po'-lak-lie~, _n., adj._ Chinook, POLAKLI. _Night; darkness; dark._
+Tenas polaklie, _evening;_ hyas polaklie, _late at night; very dark;_
+sit-kum polaklie, _midnight_ (literally, _the half night_).
+
+~Po'-lal-lie~, _n._ Quaere French, POUDRE. _Gunpowder; dust; sand._
+Polallie illahie, _sandy ground._ The word is certainly neither Chinook
+nor Chihalis.
+
+~Poo~, _n._ By onoma. (Hale). _The sound of a gun._ Mamook poo, _to
+shoot;_ moxt poo, _a double-barrelled gun;_ tohum poo, _a six-shooter._
+Nisqually, OPOO, _to break wind._
+
+~Poo'-lie~, _adj._ French, POURRI. _Rotten._
+
+~Pot'-latch~, or ~Paht'-latsh~, _n., v._ Nootka, PAHCHILT (Jewitt);
+PACHAETL, or PACHATI (Cook). _A gift; to give._ Cultus potlatch, _a
+present or free gift._
+
+~Pow'-itsh~, _n._ Chinook, PAUITSH. _A crab-apple._
+
+~Puk'-puk~, _n._ Probably an invented word. _A blow with the fist; a
+fist-fight._ Mamook pukpuk, _to box; to fight with the fists;_ pukpuk
+solleks, _to fight in anger._
+
+~Puss'-puss~, _n._ English. _A cat._ On Puget Sound, pronounced
+_pish-pish._ Hyas pusspuss, _a cougar._
+
+
+~S.~
+
+~Sagh-a-lie~, or ~Sah'-ha-lie~, _adj._ Chinook, SAKHALI; Clatsop,
+UKHSHAKHALI. _Up; above; high._ Saghalie tyee (literally, _the chief
+above_), _God._ A term invented by the missionaries for want of a native
+one.
+
+~Sail~, or ~Sill~, _n._ English, SAIL. _A sail; any cotton or linen
+goods._ Mamook sail, _to make sail;_ mamook keekwillie sail, _to take in
+sail;_ tzum sail, _printed cloth or calico._   ~Sa-kol'-eks~, or
+~Se-kol'-uks~, _n._ Chinook, TSAKALUKS, _leggings._ _Trowsers;
+pantaloons._ Keekwillie sakoleks, _drawers._   ~Sal-lal'~, _n._ Chinook,
+KLKWUSHALA. (SHELWELL of Lewis and Clarke.) _The sallal berry;_ fruit of
+_gualtheria shallon._
+
+~Salmon~, _n._ English, idem. _The salmon; fish generally._ Tyee salmon,
+i.e., _chief salmon, the spring salmon (salmo kwinnat,_ Rich.); masahchie
+salmon, _a winter species (salmo canis,_ Suckley); tzum salmon, _salmon
+trout._
+
+~Salt~, _n., adj._ English, idem. _Salt, or a salt taste._ Salt chuck,
+_the sea._   ~San-de-lie~, _n., adj._ French, CENDRE. _Ash-colored._
+(Anderson.) _A roan horse; roan-colored._
+
+~Sap'-o-lill~, _n._ Chinook, TSAPELEL. _Wheat, flour, or meal._ Piah
+sapolill, _baked bread;_ lolo sapolill, _whole wheat._ The word has been
+erroneously supposed to come from the French _la farine._ It is, however,
+a true Indian word, and seems common to various Columbia river tribes.
+Pandosy gives SAPLIL as Yakama for _bread;_ Lewis and Clarke write it
+CHAPELELL.
+
+~Se-ah-host~, or ~Se-agh'-ost~, _n._ Chinook, SIAKHOST, _the face._ _The
+face; the eyes._ Halo seahhost, _blind;_ icht seahhost, _one-eyed;_ lakit
+seahhost (_four eyes_), or dolla seahhost, _spectacles_.
+
+~Se-ah-po~, or ~Se-ah-pult~, ~n.~ French, CHAPEAU. _A hat or cap._
+Seahpult olillie, _the raspberry._
+
+~Shame~, or ~Shem~, _n._ English, idem. _Shame._ Halo shem mika? _arn't
+you ashamed of yourself?_
+
+~Shan-tie~, _v._ French, CHANTER. _To sing._
+
+~She-lok'-um~, _n._ Chinook, TSHAILAKUMIT. (Anderson.) _A looking-glass;
+glass._
+
+~Ship~, _n._ English, idem. _A ship or vessel._ Stick ship, _a sailing
+vessel;_ piah ship, _a steamer;_ ship-man, _a sailor._
+
+~Shoes~, _n._ English, idem. _Shoes; skin shoes; moccasins._ Stick shoes,
+_boots or shoes made of leather._
+
+~Shot~, _n._ English, idem. _Shot; lead._ Shot olillie, _huckleberries._
+
+~Shu'-gah~, or ~Shu'-kwa~, _n._ English. _Sugar._
+
+~Shugh~, _n._ Chinook, SHUKHSHUKH. _A rattle._ An imitation doubtless of
+the sound. (Anderson.) Shugh-opoots, _a rattlesnake._
+
+~Shut~, _n._ English, SHIRT. _A shirt._
+
+~Shwah-kuk~, _n._ Chihalis, SHWAKEUK. _A frog._
+
+~Si-ah~, _adj._ Nootka, SAIA. _Far; far off._ Comparative distance is
+expressed by intonation or repetition; as, siah-siah, _very far;_ wake
+siah, _near, not far._ Jewitt gives SIEYAH as the _sky_ in Nootka, which
+was perhaps the true meaning, or, more probably, they called the sky "the
+afar."
+
+~Si-am~, _n._ Chinook, ISHAIEM. _The grizzly bear._
+
+~Sick~, _adj._ English, idem. _Sick._ Cole sick, _the ague;_ sick tum-tum,
+_grieved; sorry; jealous; unhappy._
+
+~Sikhs~, or ~Shikhs~, _n._ Chinook, SKASIKS; Sahaptin, SHIKSTUA.
+(Pandosy.) _A friend._ Used only towards men.
+
+~Sin'-a-moxt~, _adj._ Chinook, SINIMAKST. _Seven._
+
+~Si'-pah~, _adj._ Wasco. (Shaw.) _Straight,_ like a ramrod. Of only local
+use.
+
+~Sis'-ki-you~, _n._ Cree. (Anderson.) _A bob-tailed horse._
+
+This name, ludicrously enough, has been bestowed on the range of mountains
+separating Oregon and California, and also on a county in the latter
+State. The origin of this designation, as related to me by Mr. Anderson,
+was as follows. Mr. Archibald R. McLeod, a chief factor of the Hudson's
+Bay Company, in the year 1828, while crossing the mountains with a pack
+train, was over-taken by a snow storm, in which he lost most of his
+animals, including a noted bob-tailed race-horse. His Canadian followers,
+in compliment to their chief, or "bourgeois," named the place the Pass of
+the Siskiyou,--an appellation subsequently adopted as the veritable Indian
+name of the locality, and which thence extended to the whole range, and
+the adjoining district.
+
+~Sit'-kum~, _n., adj._ Chinook, SITKUM (Anderson); Clatsop, ASITKO. _A
+half; apart._ Sitkuni dolla, _half a dollar;_ sitkum sun, _noon;_ tenas
+sitkum, _a quarter, or a small part._
+
+~Sit'-lay~, or ~Sit'-li-ay~, _n._ French, LES ETRIERS. (Anderson.)
+_Stirrups._
+
+~Sit'-shum~, _v._ Chihalis, idem. _To swim._
+
+~Si'-wash~, _n., adj._ French, SAUVAGE. _An Indian; Indian._
+
+~Skin~, _n._ English, idem. _Skin._ Skin shoes, _moccasins;_ stick skin,
+_the bark of a tree._
+
+~Skoo'-kum~, or ~Skoo-koom'~, _n., adj._ Chihalis, SKUKUM. _A ghost; an
+evil spirit or demon; strong._ Skookum tumtum, _brave;_ skookum chuck, _a
+rapid._
+
+~Skwak'-wal~, _n._ Chinook, SKAKULH (Anderson); Clatsop, SKAKOLI. _A
+lamprey eel._ Of local use only.
+
+~Skwis'-kwis~, _n._ Chinook, Cathlamet dialect. _A squirrel._
+
+~Sla-hal'~, _n._ Chinook, ETLALTLAL. _A game played with ten small disks,
+one of which is marked._
+
+~Smet'-ocks~, _n._ Chihalis, SMETTAKS. _The large clam (Lutraria)._ Used
+only at the mouth of the Columbia river.
+
+~Smoke~, _n._ English, idem. _Smoke; clouds; fog; steam._
+
+~Snass~, _n._ Quaere u. d. _Rain._ Cole snass, _snow._ The word is neither
+Chinook nor Chihalis, and is perhaps manufactured.
+
+~Snow~, _n._ English, idem. _Snow._
+
+~Soap~, _n._ English, idem. _Soap._
+
+~So-le'-mie~, _n._ Chinook, SULAMICH (Anderson); Clatsop, SHOeLBE. _The
+cranberry._
+
+~Sol'-leks~, or ~Sah'-leks~, _n., adj._ Quaere u. d. _Anger; angry._ Mamook
+solleks, _to fight;_ tikegh solleks, _to be hostile;_ kumtuks solleks, _to
+be passionate._
+
+~So'-pe-na~, _v._ Chinook, T'SOPENA. _To jump; to leap._
+
+~Spo'-oh~, or ~Spo'-eh~, _adj._ Chinook, idem. _Faded; any light color,_
+as pale blue, drab, &c. Chahko spoeh, _to fade._
+
+~Spoon~, _n._ English, idem. _A spoon._
+
+~Spose~, _conj._ English, SUPPOSE. _If; supposing; provided that; in order
+that._ Spose mika nanitsh nika canim, _if you see my canoe;_ spose nika
+klatawa kopa Chinook, _if or when I go to Chinook;_ kahkwa spose, _as if._
+See KLOSHK SPOSE.
+
+~Stick~, _n., adj._ English, idem. _A stick; a tree; wood; wooden._ Stick
+skin, _bark;_ ship stick, _a mast;_ mitwhit stick, _a standing tree,_ icht
+stick, _a yard measure;_ stick shoes, _leather shoes or boots,_ as
+distinguished from skin shoes or moccasins; kull stick, _oak_ (hard wood);
+isick stick, _the ash_ (paddle wood).
+
+~Stock'-en~, _n._ English. _Stockings or socks._
+
+~Stoh~, _adj._ Chinook, idem. _Loose._ Mamook stoh, _to untie; unloose;
+undo._ Metaphorically, _to absolve._
+
+~Stone~, _n._ English, idem. _A rock or stone; bone; horn; the testicles._
+Stone kiuatan, _a stallion;_ mahsh stone, _to castrate._
+
+~Stote'-kin~, _adj._ Chinook, STOKTKIN. _Eight._
+
+~Stutch'-un~, _n._ English, STURGEON. _The sturgeon._
+
+~Suk-wal'-al~, _n._ Chinook (Hale); Clatsop, SHUKWALALA, _a gun or
+musket._ No longer used in Jargon.
+
+~Sun~, _n._ English, idem. _The sun; a day._ Tenas sun, _early;_ sitkum
+sun, _noon;_ klip sun, _sunset._
+
+~Sun'-day~, _n._ English, idem. _Sunday._ Icht Sunday, _a week;_ hyas
+sunday, _a holiday._ A flag hoisted on a particular occasion is sometimes
+also called Sunday. The other days of the week are usually counted from
+this; as, icht, mokst, klone sun kopet Sunday, _one, two, or three days
+after Sunday._ Saturday used to be called at the Hudson's Bay Company's
+posts "muckamuck sun," _food day,_ as the one on which the rations were
+issued.
+
+
+T.
+
+~Tagh'-um~, ~To'-hum~, or ~Tugh'-um~, _adj._ Chinook, TAKHUM; Cowlitz,
+TUKHUM; Kwantlen, TUKHUM'; Selish, TAKKAN. _Six._
+
+~Tahl-kie~, or ~Tahnl-kie~, _adv._ Chinook, TANLKI. _Yesterday._ Icht
+tahlkie, _day before yesterday._
+
+~Tah-nim~, _v._ Chihalis, idem. _To measure._ Of only local use, and not
+strictly Jargon.
+
+~Taht'-le-lum~, or ~Tot'-le-lum~, _adj._ Chinook, TATLELUM. _Ten._ The
+combinations from this are simple. Moxt, klone, &c., tahtlelum, signifying
+_twenty, thirty,_ &c.; tahtlelum pe icht, &c., _eleven, twelve, &c._
+
+~Tal-a-pus~, _n._ Chinook, ITALIPAS; Yakama, TELIPA. (Pandosy.) _The
+coyote or prairie wolf._ A sort of deity or supernatural being, prominent
+in Indian mythology. _A sneak._
+
+~Ta-mah-no-us~, _n._ Chinook, ITAMANAWAS. _A sort of guardian or familiar
+spirit; magic; luck; fortune; any thing supernatural._ One's particular
+forte is said to be his _tamahnous._ Mamook tamahnous, _to conjure; "make
+medecine;"_ masahchie tamahnous, _witchcraft or necromancy._ Mr. Andersen
+restricts the true meaning of the word to _conjuring._
+
+~Ta-mo'-litsh~, or ~Ta-mow'-litsh~, _n._ Chinook, TAMULITSH (Anderson);
+Yakama, TAMOLITSH (Pandosy). _A tub; barrel; bucket._ Icht tamolitsb, _a
+bushel measure._
+
+~Tanse~, _v., n._ English, DANCE. _To dance._
+
+~T'chuk'-in~, or ~Tsugh'-ken~. See CHUCKIN.
+
+~Tea~, _n._ English, idem. _Tea._
+
+~Te-ah-wit~, _n._ Chinook, TIAWI; Clatsop, KLAAWIT. _The leg; the foot._
+Klatawa teahwit, _to go on foot; to walk;_ klook teahwit, _lame._
+
+~Teh-teh~, _v._ Clatsop, TETEHAHA. _To trot,_ as a horse. Of local use
+only.
+
+~Ten'-as~, or ~Tan'-as~, _n., adj._ Nootka, TANAS; Tokwaht, TENES. _Small;
+few; little; a child; the young of any animal._ Mokst nika tenas, _I have
+two children;_ tenas hyiu, _a few;_ tenas sun, _early._ Jewitt gives
+TANASSIE for _a child_ in Nootka.
+
+~Te-peh~, _n._ Chinook, TEPKEH. _Quills; the wings of a bird._
+
+~Tik-egh~, or ~Tu-kegh~, _v._ Chinook, TIKEKH. _To want; wish; love;
+like._ Hyas tikegh, _to long for;_ ikta mika tikegh? _what do you want?_
+
+~Tik'-tik~, _n._ By onoma. _A watch._
+
+~Til'-i-kum~, _n._ Chinook, TILIKHUM. _People._ Applied generally, it
+means those who are not chiefs. Cultus tilikum, _common or insignificant
+persons;_ huloima tilikum, _strangers;_ nika tilikum, _my relations._ It
+is also used to signify a _tribe_ or _band._
+
+~Til'-i-kum-ma-ma~, _n._ (Hale.) Chinook, TLKAMAMA. _A father._ The word
+is not in use in Jargon.
+
+~Till~, or ~Tull~, _adj., n._ English, TIRE. _Tired; heavy; weight; a
+weight._ Hyas till nika, _I am very tired;_ kansih till okook, _how much
+does that weigh;_ mamook till, _to weigh._
+
+~Tin'-tin~, _n._ By onoma. _A bell; a musical instrument._ Mamook tintin,
+_to ring a bell._ Among the Indians round the Hudson Bay Company's posts,
+the hours were thus known; as, mokst tintin kopet sitkum sun, _two hours,_
+i.e., _two bells after noon._
+
+~T'kope~, _adj._ Chinook, idem. _White; light-colored._
+
+~Tlehl~. See KLALE.
+
+~Tl'kope~, _v._ Chinook, idem. _To cut; hew; chop._
+
+~Toh~, or ~Tooh~. By onoma. Mamook toh, _to spit._ A manufactured word.
+
+~Toke-tie~, _adj._ Kalapuya. _Pretty._ Not in common use.
+
+~To'-lo~, _v._ Kalapuya. _To earn; to win at a game; to gain._ Kansih
+dolla nika tolo spose mamook? _how many dollars will I earn if I work?_
+
+~To'-luks~, _n._ Clallam, TOYUK. _The mussel._ Used on Puget Sound only.
+
+~To-mol-la~, _adv._ English, TO-MORROW. Ikt tomolla, _or_ copet tomolla,
+_the day after._
+
+~Tot~, _n._ Chihalis, TOT, or TAT. _An uncle._
+
+~To'-to~, _v._ By onoma. Chinook, TOKH-TOKH. _To shake; sift any thing;
+winnow._
+
+~To-toosh'~, or ~Ta-toosh'~, _n._ Chippeway, TOTOSH. (Schoolcraft.) _The
+breasts of a female; milk._ Totoosh lakles, _butter._
+
+~To-wagh'~, _adj._ Chinook, TOWAKH. _Bright; shining; light._
+
+~Tsee~, _adj._ Chinook, idem. _Sweet._
+
+~Tsee'-pie~, _v._ Kalapuya. _To miss a mark; to mistake one's road; to
+make a blunder in speaking; to err or blunder._ Tseepie wayhut, _to take
+the wrong road._
+
+~Tshi'-ke~, _adv._ (Hale.) Quaere u. d. _Directly; soon._ Not Jargon.
+
+~Tshis~, _adj._ Chinook, idem. _Cold._ Not in common use.
+
+~Tsi-at-ko~, _n._ Chihalis, Nisqually, &c., idem; Clatsop, ECHIATKU. _A
+nocturnal demon,_ much feared by the Indians. The Skagits give this name
+to the "Couteaux," a tribe of Indians on Frazer River, of whom they stand
+in like awe.
+
+~Tsik'-tsik~, or ~Tchik'-tchik~, _n._ By onoma. _A wagon; a cart; a
+wheel._ Tsiktsik wayhut, _a wagon-road._
+
+~Tsil'-tsil~, or ~Chil'-chil~, _n._ Chinook, ECHILCHIL. (Anderson.)
+_Buttons; the stars._
+
+~Tsish~, _v._ By onoma., in imitation of the sound of a grindstone.
+(Shaw.) Mamook tsish, _to sharpen._ Of local use.
+
+~Tsole-pat~, _n._ Klikatat. _A shot-pouch._ Of local use only.
+
+~Tso'-lo~, _n._ Kalapuya. (Shaw.) _To wander in the dark; to lose one's
+way._ Used in the Willamette valley.
+
+~Tsugh~, _n., v._ Chinook, idem. _A crack or split._ Mamook tsugh, _to
+split;_ chahko tsugh, _to become split or cracked,_ as by the heat of the
+sun; mamook tsugh illahie, is by some used instead of klugh, for _to
+plough._
+
+~Tsuk~. See CHUCK.
+
+~Tuk-a-mo'-nuk~, or ~Tak-a-mo'-nak~, _adj._ Chinook, ITAKAMONAK. _A
+hundred._ It is, like ten, combined with the digits; as, icht, moxt, klone
+takamonak, _one hundred, two hundred, three hundred,_ &c. Hyas takamonak,
+_or_ tahtlelum takamonak, _a thousand._
+
+~Tuk'-wil-la~, or ~To'-kwil-la~, _n._ Kalapuya. _The hazel-nut; nuts
+generally._
+
+~Tum'-tum~, _n._ By onoma., from the pulsations of the heart. (Anderson.)
+_The heart; the will; opinion._ Mahsh tumtum, _to give orders,_ mamook
+tumtum, _to make up one's mind;_ mamook closhe tumtum, _to make friends or
+peace;_ sick tumtum, _grief; jealousy;_ moxt tumtum nika, _I am
+undecided,_ i.e., _I have two wills. Q._  Kah nesika klatawa? _where shall
+we go? A._  Mika tumtum, _wherever you please; as you will._ Ikta mika
+tumtum? _what do you think?_ Halo tumtum, _without a will of one's own,_
+as a child. The heart seems to be generally regarded as the seat of the
+mind or will.
+
+~Tum-wa'-ta~, _n._ TUM, by onoma.; English, WATER. _A waterfall, cascade,
+or cataract._ Lewis and Clarke give TIMM as used by the Indians above the
+Dalles of the Columbia in directing them to the falls.
+
+~Tup'-shin~, or ~Tip'-sin~, _v._ Chihalis, TUPSHIN. _A needle._ Mamook
+tipsin, _to sew; to mend; to patch._
+
+~Tup-so~, or ~Tip'-so~, _n._ Chinook, TEPSO, _a leaf._ _Grass; leaves,
+fringe; feathers; fur._ Often but incorrectly employed for YAKSO, _hair;_
+tipso illahie, _prairie;_ dely tipso, _hay._
+
+~Ty'-ee~, _n., adj._ Nootka, TAIYI; TYEE (Jewitt). _A chief._ Any thing of
+superior order. Saghalie tyee, _the Deity;_ tyee salmon, _the spring
+salmon._ TOYON is given by some of the northwestern voyagers as the Eskimo
+appellation for _chief._
+
+~Tzum~, _n., adj._ Chinook, idem. _Mixed colors; spots or stripes; a mark
+or figure; writing; paint; painted._ Tzum sill, _printed calico;_ tzum
+pehpa, _writing;_ mamook tzum, _to write;_ tzum illahie, _blazed or
+surveyed land._
+
+
+~W.~
+
+~Wagh~, _v._ Chinook, WAKH, _To pour; to spill; to vomit._ Mamook wagh
+chuck, _pour out some water._
+
+~Wake~, _adv._ Nootka, WIK (Jewitt); Tokwaht, WEK. _No; not._
+
+~Wa'-ki~, _adv._ (Hale.) Chinook, WAKI. _To-morrow._ Not Jargon.
+
+~Wap'-pa-too~, _n._ Quaere u. d. _The root of the Sagitaria sagittifolia,_
+which forms an article of food; _the potato._ The word is neither Chinook
+nor Chihalis, but is everywhere in common use.
+
+~Wash~, _v._ English, idem. Mamook wash, _to wash._
+
+~Waum~, _adj._ English, WARM. Hyas waum, _hot;_ waum illahie, _summer;_
+mamook waum, _to heat;_ waum-sick-cole-sick, _fever and ague._
+
+~Wau'-wau~, _v., n._ Nootka; Nittinat, WAWE. _To talk; speak; call; ask;
+tell; answer; talk or conversation._ Cultus wauwau, _idle talk; stuff;
+nonsense;_ hyas wauwau, _to shout._
+
+~Way'-hut~, ~Hweh'-kut~, or ~Wee'-hut~, _n._ Chinook, WEHUT, _a road;_
+Yakama, WIET, _far._ _A road or trail._ Tsik-tsik wayhut, _a wagon-road._
+About Vancouver, on the Columbia, it is pronounced HWEHKUT; on Puget
+Sound, WEEHUT.
+
+~Weght~, _conj._ Chinook, idem. _Again; also; more._ Pe nika weght, _and I
+too;_ pahtlatsh weght, _give me some more;_ tenas weght, _a little more
+yet._
+
+~Whim~, _v._ Wasco. (Shaw.) _To fell._ Whim stick, _a fallen tree;_ mamook
+whim okook stick, _fell that tree._ Also, _to throw,_ in wrestling. Of
+local use only.
+
+~Win'-a-pie~, _adv._ Nootka; Nittinat, WILAPI. _By-and-bye; presently;
+wait._ Of local use; the Chinook ALKI being more common.
+
+~Wind~, or ~Win~, _n._ English, idem. _Wind._ The winds are often known by
+the country from which they blow; as, for instance, on the Columbia, an
+easterly is a Walla-walla wind; at the mouth of the river, a southerly is
+a Tilamooks wind, &c. _Breath._ Ex. Halo wind, _out of breath; dead._
+
+
+Y.
+
+~Yah'-hul~, _n._ Chinook, YAKHUL; EUEKHOL. _A name._ Not in general use.
+
+~Yah-ka~, or ~Yok'-ka~, _pron._ Chinook, YAKA. _He; his; him; she; it,
+&c._
+
+~Yah'-kis-ilt'h~, _adj._ Chinook, YAKISILT'H. _Sharp._ Mr. Anderson gives
+as the original, "_cutting._"
+
+~Yah'-wa~, _adv._ Chinook, YAWAKH. _There; thither; thence; beyond._
+
+~Yah'-whul~. See AYAHWHUL.
+
+~Yak'-so~, _n._ Chinook, idem. _The hair of the head; hair generally._
+
+~Ya-kwah'-tin~, or ~Kwah'-tin~, _n._ Chinook and Clatsop, YAKWATIN. _The
+belly; the entrails._
+
+~Yaub~. See LEJAUB.
+
+~Yel'-a-kwat~. See KALAKWAHTIE.
+
+~Yi'-em~, _v., n._ Chihalis, YAIEM. _To relate; to tell a story; to
+confess to a priest; a story or tale._
+
+~Youtl~, _adj._ Quaere Chihalis, EYUTLH; Nisqually, JUIL, _glad._ _Pleased;
+proud;_ (of a horse), _spirited._ Hyas youtl yakka tumtum, _his heart is
+very glad; he is much puffed up._
+
+~Youtl-kut~, _adj., n._ Chinook, YUTLKUT. _Long_ (in dimension); _length._
+
+~Yout-skut~, or ~Yutes'-kut~, _adj._ Chinook, YUTSKUTA. _Short_ (in
+dimension).
+
+~Y-salt'h~, or ~Ye-salt'h~. See E-SALT'H.
+
+~Yuk'-wa~, _adv._ Chinook, YAKWA. _Here; hither; this side of; this way._
+Yukwa kopa okook house, _this side of that house._
+
+
+~PART II.~
+
+ENGLISH-CHINOOK.
+
+
+PART II. ENGLISH-CHINOOK.
+
+
+~Above~, _sagh-a-lie._
+~Absolve~, _mam'-ook stoh._
+~Acorns~, _kah-na-way._
+~Across~, _in'-a-ti._
+~Afraid~, _kwass._
+~After, Afterwards~, _kim'-ta._
+~Again~, _weght._
+~All~, _kon'-a-way._
+~Alms~, _e'-la-han,_ or _e-lann'._
+~Also~, _weght._
+~Although~, _kegh-tchie._
+~Always~, _kwah-ne-sum._
+~American~, _Boston._
+~Amusement~, _hee'-hee._
+~And~, _pee._
+~Anger, Angry~, _sol'-leks._
+~Apple~, _le pome._
+~Apron~, _keh-su,_ or _ki'-su._
+~Arbutus uva ursi~, _lahb._
+~Arrive at~, _ko._
+~Arrow~, _ka-li'-tan._
+~As if~, _kah-kwa spose._
+~At~, _ko'-pa._
+~Aunt~, _kwal'h._
+~Awl~, _shoes keep'-wot._
+~Axe~, _la-hash'._
+
+
+~B.~
+
+~Bad~, _me-sah-chie; pe-shuk'._
+~Bag~, _le sak._
+~Ball~, _le bal._
+~Bargain~, _mah-kook; huy-huy._
+~Bark~, _s'ick-skin._
+~Barrel~, _ta-mo'-litsh._
+~Basket~, _o'-pe-kwan._
+~Beads~, _ka-mo'-suk._
+~Bear~ (black), _chet'-woot; its'woot;_ (grizzly), _si-am'._
+~Beat, to~, _kok'-shut._
+~Beaver~, _ee'-na._
+~Because~, _keh-wa._
+~Become, to~, _chah-ko._
+~Bed~, _bed._
+~Before~, _e'-lip,_ or _el'-ip._
+~Behind~, _kim'-ta._
+~Bell~, _tin'-tin._
+~Belly~, _ya-kwah-tin._
+~Below~, _kee'-kwil-lie._
+~Belt~, _la san-jel'._
+~Berries~, _o'-lil-lie; o'-lal-lie._
+~Best~, _e'-lip closhe._
+~Bird~, _kal-lak'-a-la._
+~Biscuit~, _le bis'-kwee._
+~Bitter~, _klihl._
+~Black~, _klale._
+~Blackberries~, _klik'-a-muks._
+~Blanket~, _pa-see'-sie._
+~Blind~, _ha'-lo se-ah-host._
+~Blood~, _pil-pil._
+~Blow out~, _mam'-ook poh._
+~Blue~ (light), _spo'-oh._
+~Blue~ (dark), _klale._
+~Blunder, to~, _tsee'-pie._
+~Board~, _la plash._
+~Boat~, _boat._
+~Bob-tailed; a bob-tailed horse~, _sis'-ki-you._
+~Boil, to~, _lip'-lip._
+~Bone~, _stone._
+~Borrow, to~, _a-yah-whul._
+~Bosom~ (female), _to-toosh._
+~Both~, _kun'-a-moxt._
+~Bottle~, _la-boo-ti'._
+~Bow~, _o'-pitl-kegh._
+~Bowl~, _oos'-kan._
+~Box~, _la ca-sett'._
+~Bracelet~, _klik'-wal-lie._
+~Brave~, _skoo'-kum tum'-tum._
+~Bread~, _le pan._
+~Break, to~, _kok'-shut._
+~Breasts~, _to-toosh'._
+~Breech clout~, _o'-poots sill._
+~Bridle~, _la bleed._
+~Bright~, _to-wagh._
+~Broad~, _kluk-ulh'._
+~Broom~, _bloom._
+~Brother~, _kahp-ho,_ if elder than the speaker;
+           _ow,_ if younger. Male cousins the same.
+~Brother-in-law~, _ek'-keh._
+~Bucket~, _ta-mo'-litsh._
+~Buffalo~, _moos'-moos._
+~Bullet~, _le bal; ka-li'-tan._
+~Bundle~, _kow._
+~But~, _pe._
+~Butter~, _to-toosh' la-kles'._
+~Buttons~, _tsil'-tsil._
+~Buy, to~, _mah-kook._
+~By-and-by~, _win'-a-pie._
+
+
+~C.~
+
+~Candle~, _la shan-del'._
+~Carrot~, _la ca-lat'._
+~Carry, to~, _lo' lo._
+~Cart~, _tsik'-tsik; chik'-chik._
+~Cascade~, _tum' wa-ter._
+~Castrate, to~, _mahsh stone._
+~Cat~, _puss'-puss._
+~Cataract~, _tum' wa-ter._
+~Cattle~, _moos'-moos._
+~Certainly~, _na-wit'-ka._
+~Chain~, _la shen; chik'a-min lope._
+~Chair~, _la shase._
+~Cheat, to~, _la-lah._
+~Chicken~, _la pool._
+~Chief~, _ty-ee'._
+~Child~, _ten'-as._
+~Clams~, _o'-na; luk'-ut-chee; la-kwit'-chee._
+~Clams~, the large kind, _smet-ocks._
+~Clear up, to~, _chah-ko klah._
+~Cloth~ (cotton), _sail._
+~Clouds~, _smoke._
+~Coat~, _ca-po'._
+~Coffee~, _kau'-py._
+~Cold~, _cole; tshis._
+~Comb~, _comb._
+~Comb, to~, _mam'-ook comb._
+~Come, to~, _chah-ko._
+~Confess, to~, _yi'-em._
+~Conjuring~, _ta-mah-no-us._
+~Cook, to~, _mam'-ook pi'-ah._
+~Copper~, _pil chik'-a-min._
+~Cord~, _ten'-as lope._
+~Corn~, _e-salt'h', _or _ye-salt'h'._
+~Corral~, _kul-lagh._
+~Cotton goods~, _sail._
+~Cough~, _hoh'-hoh._
+~Count, to~, _mam'-ook kwun'-nun._
+~Cousin~, see brother and sister.
+~Coyote~, _tal'-a-pus._
+~Crab apple~, _pow'-itsh._
+~Cranberry~, _so'-le-mie._
+~Crazy~, _pel'-ton._
+~Cream colored~, _le clem._
+~Crooked~, _ki'-wa._
+~Cross~, _la clo-a'._
+~Crow~, _kah-kah._
+~Cry, to~, _cly._
+~Cup~, _oos'-kan._
+~Curly~, _hunl'-kih._
+~Cut, to~, _tl'ko'-pe._
+
+
+~D.~
+
+~Dance, to~, _tanse._
+~Dark, darkness~, _po'-lak-lie._
+~Day~, _sun._
+~Dead~, _mem'-a-loost,_
+~Deaf~, _ik-poo'-ie kwil-lan._
+~Dear~, _hy'-as mah-kook._
+~Deep~, _klip._
+~Deer~, _mow'-itsh._
+~Demon~, _skoo'-kum._
+~Devil~, _di-aub'; yaub; le-jaub'._
+~Different~, _hul-o'-i-ma._
+~Difficult~, _kull._
+~Dig, to~, _mam'-ook il'-la-hie._
+~Dime~, _bit,_ or _mit._
+~Do, to~, _mam'-ook._
+~Doctor~, _doc'-tin._
+~Dog~, _kam'-ooks._
+~Dollar~, _dol'-la,_ or _tah-la._
+~Door~, _la po'te._
+~Down stream~, _mi'-mie._
+~Drink, to~, _muck'-a-muck._
+~Drive, to~, _kish'-kish._
+~Drunk~, _paht-lum._
+~Dry~, _de-ly'._
+~Duck~ (Mallard), _kweh-kweh; haht-haht._
+~Dust~, _po'-lal-lie._
+
+
+~E.~
+
+~Eagle~, _chak'-chak._
+~Ear~, _kwo-lann'._
+~Early~, _ten'-as sun._
+~Earn, to~, _to'-lo_
+~Earth~, _il'-la-hie._
+~Eat, to~, _muck'-a-muck._
+~Egg~, _le sap'; le zep'._
+~Eight~, _sto'-te-kin._
+~Elk~, _moo'-lock._
+~Enclosure~, _kul-lagh._
+~English~, _king chautsh._
+~Englishman~, _king chautsh._
+~Enough~, _hi-yu'; ko-pet'._
+~Entreiils~, _ki-yagh._
+~Evening~, _ten'-as po'-lak-lie._
+~Every~, _kon'-a-way._
+~Exchange~, _huy-huy._
+~Eyes~, _se-ah-host._
+
+
+~F.~
+
+~Face~, _se-ah-host._
+~Faded~, _spo'-oh._
+~Falsehood~, _klim-in'-a-whit._
+~Far~, _si-ah._
+~Fast~ (quick), _hy-ak'._
+~Fast~ (tight), _kwutl._
+~Fasten, to~, _kow._
+~Fat~, _glease._
+~Father~, _pa'-pa._
+~Fathom~, _it'-lan._
+~Fear~, _kwass._
+~Fell, to~ (as a tree), _mam'-ook whim._
+~Fence~, _kul-lagh._
+~Fetch, to~, _mam'-ook chah-ko._
+~Fever~, _waum sick._
+~Few~, _ten'-as._
+~Fight, to~, _mam'-ook sol'-leks._
+~Fight, with fists~, _mam'-ook puk'-puk._
+~Figured~ (as calico), _tzum._
+~File~, _la leem._
+~Fill, to~, _mam'-ook pahtl._
+~Find, to~, _klap._
+~Fingers~, _le doo._
+~Fire~, _pi'-ah; o-la-pits'-ki._
+~First~, _e'-lip,_ or _el'-ip._
+~Fish~, _pish._
+~Fish-hook~, _ik'-kik._
+~Five~, _kwin'-num._
+~Flea~, _so'-pen e'-na-poo; cho'-tub._
+~Flesh~, _itl'-wil-lie._
+~Flint~, _kil-it'-sut._
+~Flour~, _sap'-o-lill._
+~Fly, to~, _ka-wak'._
+~Fog~, _smoke._
+~Food~, _muck'-a-muck._
+~Fool~, _pel'-ton._
+~Foolish~, _pel'-ton._
+~Foot~, _le-pee'._
+~Forever~, _kwah-ne-sum._
+~Forget, to~, _mah-lie._
+~Fork~, _la poo-shet'._
+~Formerly~, _ahn-kut-te,_ or _ahn-kot-tie._
+~Four~, _lak'-it, _or _lok'-it._
+~Fowl~, _la pool._
+~French~, Frenchman, _pa-si'-ooks._
+~Friend~, _sikhs,_ or _shikhs._
+~Frog~, _shwah-kuk._
+~Fry~, to, _mam'-ook la po-el'._
+~Frying-pan~, _la po-el'._
+~Full~, _pahtl._
+~Fundament~, _o'-poots._
+
+
+~G.~
+
+~Gallop, to~, _kwa-lal'-kwa-lal'._
+~Gather, to~, _ho'-ku-melh._
+~Get, to~, _is'-kum._
+~Get out~, _mahsh._
+~Get up~, _get-up',-or ket-op'._
+~Ghost~, _skoo'-kum._
+~Gift~, _cul'-tus pot'-latch._
+~Give, to~, _pot'-latch._
+~Glad~, _kwann._
+~Go, to~, _klat'-a-wa._
+~God~, _sagh-a-lie ty-ee'._
+~Gold~, _pil chik'-a-min._
+~Good~, _klose,_ or _kloshe._
+~Good-bye~, _kla-how'-ya._
+~Goods~, _ik'-tah._
+~Goose~, _whuy'-whuy; kal-ak-a-lah-ma._
+~Grandfather~, _chope._
+~Grandmother~, _chitsh._
+~Grease~, _la-kles'; glease._
+~Green~, _pe-chugh'._
+~Grey; a grey horse~, _le gley._
+~Grizzly bear~, _si-am'._
+~Ground~, _il'-la-hie._
+~Gun; musket~, _suk'-wa-lal._
+
+
+~H.~
+
+~Hair~, _yak'-so._
+~Half~, _sit'-kum._
+~Hammer~, _le mah-to._
+~Hand~, _le mah._
+~Hand~ (game of), _it'-lo-kum._
+~Handkerchief~, _hak'-at-shum._
+~Hard~, _kull._
+~Hare~, _kwit'-shad-ie._
+~Harrow, to~, _mam'-ook comb il'-la-hie._
+~Hat~, _se-ah-po; se-ah-pult._
+~Haul~, _haul._
+~Hazel-nuts~, _tuk'-wil-la._
+~He, his~, _yah-ka._
+~Head~, _la tet._
+~Heart~, _tum'-tum._
+~Heaven~, _sagh-il-lie il'-la-hie._
+~Heavy~, _till._
+~Help, to~, _mam'-ook e-lann'._
+~Here~, _yuk'-wa._
+~Hermaphrodite~, _bur'-dash._
+~Hide, to~, _ip'-soot._
+~High~, _sagh-a-lie._
+~Hit, to~, _kwul'h._
+~Hoe~, _la pe-osh'._
+~Hog~, _co'-sho._
+~Hole~, _kla-whap'._
+~Holiday~, _sunday._
+~Horn~, _stone._
+~Horse~, _kiu'-a-tan._
+~House~, _house._
+~How~, _kah-ta._
+~How are you~, _kla-how'-ya._
+~How many~, _kun'-sih; kun'-juk._
+~Hundred~, _tuk-a-mo'-nuk._
+~Hungry~, _o'-lo._
+~Hurry~, _howh; hy-ak'._
+
+
+~I.~
+
+~I~, _ni-ka._
+~If~, _spose._
+~In~, _ko'-pa._
+~Indian~, _si'-wash._
+~In shore~, _maht-wil-lie._
+~Iron~, _chik'-a-min._
+~It~, _yah-ka._
+
+
+~J.~
+
+~Jealous~, _sick tum'-tum._
+~Jump, to~, _so'-pe-na._
+
+
+~K.~
+
+~Kam-ass root~, _la'-ka-mass._
+~Kettle~, _ket-ling._
+~Kick, to~, _chuk'-kin._
+~Kiss, to kiss~, _be'-be._
+~Knife~, _o'-pit-sah._
+~Knock, to~, _ko'-ko._
+~Knotty~, _hunl'-kih._
+~Know, to~, _kum'-tuks._
+
+
+~L.~
+
+~Lame~, _klook te-ah-wit._
+~Lamprey eel~, _skwak'-wal,_
+~Language~, _la lang._
+~Large~, _hy-as'._
+~Lately~, _chee._
+~Laughter~, _hee'-hee._
+~Lazy~, _lazy._
+~Leap, to~, _so'-pe-na._
+~Leaf~, _tup'-so,_ or _tip'-so._
+~Lean, to~, _lagh._
+~Leave, to~, _mahsh._
+~Leave off, to~, _ko-pet'._
+~Leg~, _te-ah-wit._
+~Leggings~, _mi-tass'._
+~Lend, to~, _a-yah-whul_
+~Lick, to~, _klak'-wun._
+~Lie, to~, _klim-in'-a-whit._
+~Like~, _kah-kwa._
+~Like, to~, _tik-egh._
+~Little~, _ten'-as._
+~Long~, _youtl'-kut._
+~Long ago~, _ahn-kut-te,_ or _ahn-kot-tie._
+~Look, to~, _nan'-itsh._
+~Look here!~ _nah._
+~Look out!~ _klose nan'-itsh._
+~Looking-glass~, _she-lok'-um._
+~Loose~, _stoh._
+~Lose the way, to~, _tso'-lo; tsee-pie' way-hut._
+~Louse~, _e'-na-poo,_ or _in'-a-poo._
+~Love, to~, _tik-egh._
+
+
+~M.~
+
+~Magic~, _ta-mah-no-us._
+~Make, to~, _mam'-ook._
+~Man~, _man._
+~Many~, _hy-iu'._
+~Marry, to~, _mal-i-eh._
+~Mass~ (Ceremony of), _la messe._
+~Mast~, _ship stick._
+~Mat~, _klis'-kwiss._
+~Mattock~, _la pe-osh'._
+~Measure, to~, _tah'-nim._
+~Meat~, _itl'-wil-lie._
+~Medicine~, _la mes'-tin._
+~Mend, to~, _mam'-ook tip'-shin._
+~Menstruate, to~, _mahsh pil'-pil._
+~Metal, metallic~, _chik'-a-min._
+~Middle, the~, _kat'-suk,_ or _kot'-suk._
+~Midnight~, _sit'-kum po'-lak-lie._
+~Milk~, _to-toosh'._
+~Mill~, _moo'-la._
+~Mind, the~, _tum'-tum._
+~Miss, to~, _tsee'-pie._
+~Mistake, to~, _tsee'-pie._
+~Moccasins~, _skin-shoes._
+~Molasses~, _mel-ass'._
+~Money~, _chik'-a-min._
+~Month~, _moon._
+~Moon~, _moon._
+~More~, _weght._
+~Mosquito~, _mel'-a-kwa._
+~Mother~, _mama; na'-ah._
+~Mountain~, _la mon'-ti._
+~Mouse~, _hool'-hool._
+~Mouth~, _la boos._
+~Much~, _hy-iu'._
+~Mule~, _le mel._
+~Musical Instrument~, _tin'-tin._
+~Musket~, _musket._
+~Mussels~, _to'-luks._
+~My, mine~, _ni'-ka._
+
+
+~N.~
+
+~Nails~, _le cloo._
+~Name~, _nem; yah-hul._
+~Near~, _wake si-ah._
+~Neck~, _le cou._
+~Needle~, _keep'-wot._
+~New~, _chee._
+~Night~, _po'-lak-lie._
+~Nine~, _kwaist,_ or _kweest._
+~No, not~, _wake._
+~Noise~, _la tlah._
+~None~, _ha'-lo._
+~Nonsense~, _cul'-tus wau'-wau._
+~Noon~, _sit-kum sun._
+~Nose~, _nose._
+~Notwithstanding~, _kegh-tchie._
+~Now~, _al'-ta._
+~Numerals--~
+    1, _ikt._
+    2, _mokst._
+    3, _klone._
+    4, _lakit._
+    5, _kwinnum._
+    6, _taghum._
+    7, _sinnamokst._
+    8, _stotekin._
+    9, _kwaist._
+   10, _tahtlelum._
+   11, _tahtlelum pe ikt_
+   20, _mokst tahtlelum._
+  100, _ikt takarnonuk._
+~Nuts~, _tuk'-wil-la._
+
+
+~O.~
+
+~Oak~, _kull stick._
+~Oar~, _la lahm; la lum._
+~Oats~, _la wen._
+~Off~, _klak._
+~Off shore~, _maht-lin-nie_
+~Oil~, _glease._
+~Old~, _o'-le-man._
+~Old man~, _o'-le-man._
+~Old woman~, _lam'-mi-eh._
+~One~, _ikt._
+~One-eyed~, _ikt se-ah-host._
+~Open~, _hah-lakl._
+~Opposite to~, _in'-a-ti._
+~Or~, _pe._
+~Order, to~, _mahsh tum'-tum._
+~Other~, _hul-o'-i-ma._
+~Otter~ (land), _ne-mam'-ooks._
+~Our~, _ne-si'-ka._
+~Out doors~, _klagh-a-nie._
+~Ox~, _moos'-moos._
+~Oyster~, _chet'-lo,_ or _jet'-lo; klogh-klogh._
+
+
+~P.~
+
+~Paddle, a~, _is'-ick._
+~Paddle, to~, _mam'-ook is'-ick._
+~Paint~, _pent._
+~Paint, to~, _mam'-ook pent._
+~Paper~, _peh-pah._
+~Peas~, _le pwau._
+~People~, _til'-i-kum._
+~Perhaps~, _klo-nas'._
+~Petticoat~, _kal-a-kwah'-tie._
+~Piebald~, _le kye._
+~Pin~, _kwek'-wi-ens._
+~Pipe~, _la peep._
+~Pitch~, _la gome._
+~Plate~, _la si-et'._
+~Pleased~, _youtl._
+~Plough~, _le shal-loo'._
+~Plough, to~, _klugh il'-la-hie._
+~Pole~, _la pehsh._
+~Poor~, _kla-how'-yum; ha'-lo ik'-ta._
+~Pork~, _co'-sho._
+~Posteriors~, _o'-poots._
+~Potato~, _wap'-pa-too._
+~Pour, to~, _wagh._
+~Powder~, _po'-lal-lie._
+~Prairie wolf~, _tal'-a-pus._
+~Presently~, _al'-kie; win'-a-pie_
+~Pretty~, _to'ke-tie._
+~Priest~, _le plet._
+~Proud~, _youtl; kwetl'h._
+~Provided that~, _spose._
+~Pull~, _haul._
+
+
+~Q.~
+
+~Quarter~, _ten'-as sit'-kum._
+~Quarter~ (of a dollar), _kwah-ta._
+~Quick~, _hy-ak'._
+~Quills~, _te-peh._
+
+
+~R.~
+
+~Rabbit~, _kwit'-shad-ie._
+~Rain~, _snass._
+~Rattle~, _shugh._
+~Rattlesnake~, _shugho'-pools._
+~Razor fish~, _o'-na._
+~Reach~, _ko._
+~Red~, _pil._
+~Relate, to~, _yi'-em._
+~Return, to~, _kel'-i-pi._
+~Ribbon~, _le lo'-ba._
+~Rice~, _lice._
+~Rifle~, _cal'-li-peen._
+~Ring, a~, _kweo-kweo._
+~Ripe~, _pi'-ah._
+~River~, _chuck._
+~Road~, _way'-hut._
+~Roan colored~, _san'-de-lie._
+~Roast~, _mam'-ook la pel-lah'._
+~Rock~, _stone._
+~Rope~, _lope._
+~Rotten~, _poo'-lie._
+~Round~, _lo'-lo._
+~Rudder~, _boat o'-poots._
+~Rum~, _lum._
+
+
+~S.~
+
+~Sack~, _le sak._
+~Saddle~, _la sell._
+~Saddle housings~, _le pish'-e-mo._
+~Sail~, _sail._
+~Sailor~, _ship'-man._
+~Salmon~, _salmon._
+~Salt~, _salt._
+~Sand~, _po'-lal-lie._
+~Sash~, _la san-jel'._
+~Saw~, _la gwin; la scie._
+~Say, to~, _wau'-wau._
+~Scissors~, _le see'-zo._
+~Sea~, _salt-chuck._
+~Seal~, _ol'-hi-yu si'-wash co'-sho._
+~See, to~, _nan'-itsh._
+~Sell, to~, _mah-kook._
+~Seven~, _sin'-a-moxt._
+~Sew, to~, _mam'-ook tip'-shin._
+~Shake, to~, _to-to; hul'-lel._
+~Shame~, _shem._
+~Sharp~, _yah-kis-ilt'h._
+~Sharpen, to~, _mam'-ook tsish._
+~She, her~, _yah-ka._
+~Sheep~, _le moo'-to._
+~Shell money~ (the small size), _coop-coop;_ (the large), _hy-kwa._
+~Shingle~, _le-bah-do._
+~Shining~, _to-wagh._
+~Ship~, _ship._
+~Shirt~, _shut._
+~Shoes~, _shoes._
+~Shoot, to~, _mam'-ook poo._
+~Short~, _yutes-kut._
+~Shot~, _shot; ten'-as le bal._
+~Shot pouch~, _ka-li-tan le-sac'; tsole'-pat._
+~Shout, to~, _hy'-as wau'-wau._
+~Shovel~, _la pell._
+~Shut, to~, _ik-poo'-ie._
+~Sick~, _sick._
+~Sift, to~, _to-to._
+~Silk~, _la sway._
+~Silver~, _t'kope chik'-a-min._
+~Similar~, _kah-kwa._
+~Since~, _kim-ta._
+~Sing, to~, _shan'-tie._
+~Sister~, _kahp-ho,_ if older than the speaker; _ats,_ if younger.
+~Sit, to~, _mit'-lite._
+~Six~, _togh-um._
+~Skin~, _skin._
+~Skunk~, _hum o'-poots; piu'-piu; skub'-e-you._
+~Sky~, _koo'-sagh._
+~Slave~, _e-li'-te; mist'-shi-mus._
+~Sleep~, _moo'-sum._
+~Slowly~, _klah-wa._
+~Small~, _ten'-as._
+~Smell, a~, _humm._
+~Smoke~, _smoke._
+~Snake~, _o'-luk._
+~Snow~, _snow; cole snass._
+~Soap~, _soap._
+~Soft~, _klim'-min._
+~Sorrel colored~, a sorrel horse, _le blau._
+~Sorry~, _sick tum'-tum._
+~Sour~, _kwates._
+~Spade~, _la pell._
+~Speak, to~, _wau'-wau._
+~Spill, to~, _wagh._
+~Spirits~, _lum._
+~Split~, _tsugh._
+~Split, to~, _mam'-ook tsugh._
+~Spectacles~, _dol'-la se-agh-ost,_ or _lak-it se-agh-ost._
+~Spit, to~, _mam'-ook toh._
+~Split, to become~, _chah-ko tsugh._
+~Spoon~, _spoon._
+~Spotted~, _le kye; tzum._
+~Spurs~, _le see'-blo._
+~Squirrel~, _skwis'-kwis._
+~Stab, to~, _klem'-a-hun._
+~Stand, to~, _mit'-whit._
+~Stars~, _tsil'-tsil._
+~Stay, to~, _mit'-lite._
+~Steal, to~, _kap-su-al-la._
+~Steam~, _smoke._
+~Steamer~, _pi'-ah ship._
+~Stick, a~, _stick._
+~Stink, a~, _piu-piu; humm._
+~Stirrup~, _sit'-lay._
+~Stockings~, _stock'-en; kush-is'._
+~Stone~, _stone._
+~Stop, to~, _ko-pet'._
+~Store~, _mah-kook house._
+~Story~, _eh-kah-nam._
+~Straight~, _de-late,_ or _de-let'; si'-pah._
+~Strawberries~, _a-mo'-te._
+~Strong~, _skoo'-kum._
+~Sturgeon~, _stutch'-un._
+~Sugar~, _le sook; shu'-gah; shu'-kwa._
+~Summer~, _waum il'-la-hie._
+~Sun~, _sun; ote-lagh._
+~Sunday~, _sunday._
+~Sunset~, _klip sun._
+~Suppose~, _spose._
+~Swan~, _kah-loke._
+~Sweep, to~, _mam'-ook bloom._
+~Sweet~, _tsee._
+~Swim~, _sit'-shum._
+
+
+~T.~
+
+~Table~, _la tahb._
+~Tail~, _o'-poots._
+~Take, to~, _is'-kum._
+~Take care~! _klose nan'-itsh._
+~Take off~, or ~out~, _mam'-ook klak; mahsh._
+~Tale~, or ~story~, _yi'-em; eh-kah-nam._
+~Talk, to~, _wau'-wau._
+~Tame~, _kwass._
+~Tea~, _tea._
+~Teach, to~, _mam'-ook kum'-tuks._
+~Tear, to~, _klugh._
+~Teeth~, _le tah._
+~Tell, to~, _wau'-wau._
+~Ten~, _taht-le-lum._
+~Testicles~, _stone._
+~Thank you~, _mah-sie._
+~That~, _o'-koke._
+~That way~, _yah-wa._
+~There~, _yah-wa; ko-pah._
+~They~, _klas'-ka._
+~Thick~ (as molasses), _pit'-lilh._
+~Thin~ (as a board), _p'chih; pe-what'-tie._
+~Thing~, _ik'-tah._
+~This~, _o'-koke._
+~This way~, _yuk'-wa._
+~Thou, thy, thine~, _mi'-ka._
+~Thread~, _kla-pite._
+~Three~, _klone._
+~Throw away~, _mahsh._
+~Tide~, see _chuck._
+~Tie, to~, _kow._
+~Tight~, _kwutl._
+~Tinware~, _ma-lah._
+~Tip, to~, _lagh._
+~Tired~, _till._
+~To, towards~, _ko'-pa._
+~Tobacco~, _ki'-nootl; ki'-noos._
+~To-morrow~, _to-mol'-la._
+~Tongue~, _la lang._
+~Trail~, _way'-hut._
+~Trap~, _la piege._
+~Tree~, _stick._
+~Tree, fallen~, _whim stick._
+~Trot, to~, _teh-teh._
+~Trowsers~, _sa-kol'-eks._
+~True~, _de-late._
+~Truth~, _de-late wau'-wau._
+~Tub~, _ta-mo'-litsh._
+~Twine~, _ten-as lope; kla-pite._
+~Two, twice~, _mokst._
+
+
+~U.~
+
+~Uncle~, _tot._
+~Under~, _kee'-kwil-lie._
+~Understand, to~, _kum'-tuks._
+~Unhappy~, _sick tum'-tum._
+~Untamed~, _le-mo'-lo._
+~Untie, to~, _mam'-ook stoh; mahsh kow._
+~Up~, _sagh-a-lie._
+~Upset, to~, _kel'-i-pi._
+~Us~, _ne-si'-ka._
+
+
+~V.~
+
+~Venereal, the~, _pi'-ah sick._
+~Venison~, _mow'-itsh._
+~Very~, _hy-as'._
+~Vessel~, _ship._
+~Vest~, _la west._
+~Vomit, to~, _wagh._
+
+
+~W.~
+
+~Wagon~, _tsik'-tsik; chik'-chik._
+~Wander, to~, _tso'-lo._
+~Want, to~, _tik-egh._
+~Warm~, _waum._
+~Wash, to~, _mam'-ook wash._
+~Watch, a~, _tik'-tik._
+~Water~, _chuck._
+~Waterfall~, _tum'-water._
+~We~, _ne-si'-ka._
+~Weigh, to~, _mam'-ook till._
+~Wet~, _pahtl chuck._
+~Whale~, _eh'-ko-lie; kwah-nice, kwad'-dis._
+~What~, _ik'-tah._
+~Wheat~, _sap'-o-lill._
+~Wheel~, _tsik'-tsik; chik'-chik._
+~When~, _kan'-sih; kun-juk._
+~Where~, _kah._
+~Whip~, _le whet._
+~White~, _t'kope._
+~Who~, _klak'-sta._
+~Whole~, _lo'-lo._
+~Why~, _kah-ta._
+~Wicked~, _me-sah-chie._
+~Wide~, _kluk-ulh'._
+~Wild~, _le mo'-lo._
+~Will, the~, _tum'-tum._
+~Willow~, _ee'-na stick._
+~Win, to~, _to'-lo._
+~Wind~, _wind._
+~Winter~, _cole il'-la-hie._
+~Wipe, to~, _klak'-wun._
+~Wire~, _chik'-a-min lope._
+~Wish, to~, _tik-egh._
+~With~, _ko'-pa._
+~Without~, _ha'-lo._
+~Wolf~, _le-loo'._
+~Woman~, _klootsh'-man._
+~Woman~ (old), _lam'-mi-eh._
+~Wood, wooden~, _stick._
+~Work, to~, _mam'-ook._
+~Worn out~, _o'-le-man._
+~Worthless~, _cul'-tus._
+~Wound, to~, _klem'-a-hun._
+~Write, to~, _mam'-ook peh-pah; mam'-ook tzum._
+~Writing~, _tzum._
+
+
+~Y.~
+
+~Year~, _ikt cole._
+~Yellow~, _kaw'-ka-wak._
+~Yes~, _ah-ha; e-eh._
+~Yes indeed~, _na-wit'-ka._
+~Yesterday~, _tahl-kie; tahl-kie sun._
+~You, your, yours~, _me-si'-ka._
+~Young~, _ten'-as._
+
+
+
+
+THE LORD'S PRAYER IN JARGON.
+
+Nesika papa klaksta mitlite kopa saghalie, kloshe kopa nesika
+ Our  father  who   stayeth  in  the above, good   in   our
+
+tumtum      mika nem; kloshe mika tyee  kopa konaway tilikum;
+hearts (be) thy name;  good  thou chief among  all    people;
+
+kloshe mika tumtum kopa illahie, kahkwa kopa saghalie. Potlatch
+good   thy   will  upon  earth     as    in  the above.  Give
+
+konaway sun nesika muckamuck. Spose nesika mamook masahchie,
+ every  day  our     food.     If     we     do     ill,
+
+wake     mika hyas solleks, pe  spose klaksta masahchie kopa
+(be) not thou very  angry,  and  if   any one   evil   towards
+
+nesika, wake nesika solleks kopa klaska. Mahsh    siah kopa
+  us    not    we    angry towards them. Send away far from
+
+nesaika konaway masahchie.
+  us      all     evil.
+
+
+Kloshe kahkwa.
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Dictionary of the Chinook Jargon, or,
+Trade Language of Oregon, by George Gibbs
+
+*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK DICTIONARY OF THE CHINOOK ***
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