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diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6833f05 --- /dev/null +++ b/.gitattributes @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +* text=auto +*.txt text +*.md text diff --git a/15109-8.txt b/15109-8.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..ebfd3ce --- /dev/null +++ b/15109-8.txt @@ -0,0 +1,6137 @@ +The Project Gutenberg eBook, A Woman's Part in a Revolution, by Natalie +Harris Hammond + + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + + + + +Title: A Woman's Part in a Revolution + +Author: Natalie Harris Hammond + +Release Date: February 19, 2005 [eBook #15109] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + + +***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK A WOMAN'S PART IN A REVOLUTION*** + + +E-text prepared by Michael Ciesielski, Jeannie Howse, and the Project +Gutenberg Online Distributed Proofreading Team (https://www.pgdp.net) + + + +A WOMAN'S PART IN A REVOLUTION + +by + +MRS. JOHN HAYS HAMMOND + +Longmans, Green, and Co. +39 Paternoster Row London +New York and Bombay + +1897 + + + + + + + +PREFACE + + +To the American Public, whose sympathy was my chief support through +days of bitter trial, this book is gratefully dedicated. My personal +experience forms the subject of my story. The causes of the Revolt in +Johannesburg, and the ensuing political questions, are but lightly +touched upon, in deference to the silence enforced upon my husband as +one of the terms of his liberation by the Boer Government. + + NATALIE HAMMOND. + + BOUGHTON: BICKLEY, KENT. + February, 1897. + + + + + + +A WOMAN'S PART IN A REVOLUTION + + I hope I may be able to tell the truth always, and to see + it aright according to the eyes which God Almighty gives + me.--THACKERAY. + +I. + + +Totsey the terrier lay blinking in the hot African sun, while Cecilia +Rhodes, the house kitten, languished in a cigar box wrapped about with +twine to represent bars of iron. Above her meek face was a large label +marked 'African Lion.' Her captor, my young son Jack, was out again +among the flower-beds in quest of other big game, armed with my +riding-crop. The canvas awnings flapped gently in the cool breeze. +Every now and then a fan-like arm of one of the large Madeira chairs +would catch the impetus and go speeding down the wide red-tiled +verandah. I looked up from the little garment which I was making, upon +this quiet picture. It was the last restful moment I was to know for +many long months--such months of suffering and agonised apprehension +as God in His mercy sends to few women. + +David, my husband's black coachman, drove rapidly through the gate, +and, coming up to me, handed me a letter. It was from his master and +briefly written. Jameson had crossed the Border; Johannesburg was +filled with strange people, and he thought it wise for me to move with +our family and servants into town. Rooms had been secured for us at +Heath's Hotel, and he would meet us that night at dinner. This summons +was not entirely unexpected. For many months the political kettle had +been simmering. Johannesburg had grown tired of sending petitions in +to the Government to be answered by promises which were never +redeemed. An appalling death-rate of fifty-six in each thousand, +directly traceable to lack of proper sanitation, resulting from bad +government, spurred the general discontent, and a number of +representative citizens, unwilling longer to wait upon gods and +Government, finding all attempts to obtain redress of their grievances +by constitutional means ineffectual, determined to enforce their +demands for right by arms if necessary. As arms for the Uitlander +under the law of the Transvaal could only be obtained by a permit, +guns and ammunition were smuggled into the country, hidden away in oil +tanks and coal cars. + +My husband had vast interests in his charge; many million pounds +sterling had been invested at his instance in the mining industry of +the country, and, actuated by a sense of duty and responsibility to +those who had confided in him, he felt in honour bound to take an +active part in the movement, for the protection and preservation of +the property placed under his control. + +My leaving for the Cape, in case affairs should assume a dangerous +phase, was frequently discussed between us, but I could not make up my +mind to leave my husband, feeling that the separation would be more +trying than if I remained, even should a conflict be forced upon us. +In addition to my wish to be with him, I knew that many of his staff +had their wives and children in Johannesburg, and would be unable to +send them away, and for me, the wife of their chief, 'to bundle to the +rear' would subject my husband, as well as myself, to harsh, and not +unjust, criticism. + +The Leonard Manifesto was published December 26th, setting forth the +demands of the Uitlander. + +'We want,' it reads: + + '1. The establishment of this Republic as a true Republic. + + '2. A Grondwet or constitution which shall be framed by + competent persons selected by representatives of the whole + people, and framed on lines laid down by them; a + constitution which shall be safeguarded against hasty + alteration. + + '3. An equitable Franchise law and fair representation. + + '4. Equality of the Dutch and English languages. + + '5. Responsibility to the Legislature of the heads of the + great departments. + + '6. Removal of religious disabilities. + + '7. Independence of the Courts of Justice, with adequate and + secured remuneration of the judges. + + '8. Liberal and comprehensive education. + + '9. An efficient Civil Service, with adequate provision for + pay and pension. + + '10. Free Trade in South African products.' + +It was further planned to hold another meeting of the 'National +Union,' and afterward make a last demand upon the Government to +redress our wrongs. + +Arrangement meanwhile was made with Dr. Jameson, who was encamped on +the western border of the Republic with a body of the Chartered +Company's troops. In case of a disturbance he was to come to the aid +of Johannesburg with at least a thousand men and 1,500 guns. It was +also distinctly understood between him and the five gentlemen who were +the recognised leaders of the movement, that he should not start until +he had received instructions to do so directly from them. + +I gathered my household about me, explained the situation, and gave +the servants their choice, whether they would go into town or remain +in the house. The four white servants decided to remain, but the +native boys begged leave to depart under various pretexts. One to get +his missis from Pretoria because he was afraid the Boers might kill +her. Another to tell his mother in Natal that he was all right. +Another frankly said, that as the white men were going to fight among +themselves, this was no place for Kaffirs. + +I arranged to leave Mr. Hammond's secretary in charge of the house. +We hastily packed up a few of our most precious belongings, and left, +to take possession of four tiny rooms at the hotel in town. With a +full heart I looked back at my pretty home. The afternoon shadows were +beginning to lengthen; I saw the broad verandah, the long easy chairs +suggestive of rest; my books on the sill of the low bedroom window; +the quiet flower garden, sweet with old-fashioned posies associated +with peace and thrift. We were going to--WHAT? + + + + +II + + +My diary carries the story on:-- + +DECEMBER 30.--We find the town intensely excited, but there is no +disorder. Men are hurrying about in cabs and on foot with +determined-looking faces, but no other visible evidence of the day's +tragedy. + +My husband ran in to see how we were faring about 8 o'clock this +evening. I had not seen him since early morning. He told me that a +Reform Committee had been formed of the leading men of the city. Also +that the Americans had called a meeting in the course of the afternoon +to hear the results of a Special Deputation, consisting of Messrs. +Hennen Jennings and Perkins, to President Kruger. Mr. Jennings +reported the President as having listened to them attentively while +they conveyed to him what they believed to be the sentiment of the +Americans on the Rand. They assured him that, although the Americans +recognised the rights of the Boers as well as those of the Uitlanders, +unless he could in some way meet the demand of the unenfranchised +people of the Transvaal he could not expect their support when the +revolution came. They also told him that the Americans wanted to see +the Republic preserved, but on a truer basis. And when questioned by +the President if in case of rebellion the Americans would be with or +against the Government, they answered bluntly, 'They would be against +the Government.' + +President Kruger dogmatically declared 'this was no time for +discussion, but a time for the people to obey the law,' and with this +they were dismissed. + +A Committee of three is appointed to visit Pretoria to-morrow and +again lay before the President a statement of the demands of the +Uitlanders, the attitude of the Americans and their wish to preserve +the integrity of the Republic, but also to warn him that, if the +Government insists upon ignoring these just demands, and thus +precipitates war, the Americans must array themselves on the side of +the other Uitlanders. + +A large mass meeting is called to receive these gentlemen on their +return from Pretoria and to decide upon the Americans' future course +of action. + +The mail train to Cape Town was crowded with hundreds of +terror-stricken women and children sent away by anxious husbands to a +place of safety. The ordinary accommodation was far too inadequate to +supply the sudden rush. They were crowded like sheep on cattle trucks. +I fear the journey of a thousand miles will be one of great +discomfort.[1] + +There are many anxious souls in Johannesburg to-night. + +Betty and I are sitting up. The night is sultry, and we have dragged +our chairs out on to the verandah which overhangs the street. + +MIDNIGHT.--The town has quieted down. Once a wild horseman clattered +down the street towards the 'Gold Fields' shouting, 'A despatch, men! +a despatch. We've licked the Dutchmen!' A few heads peered out of +windows--but that was all. + +DECEMBER 31.--My husband came in at 4 o'clock this morning, looking +very tired. He was on the point of going to bed, when a messenger came +from the 'Gold Fields' and hurried him away. + +The streets are alive at a very early hour, and the excitement +increases. The Reform Committee sits in perpetual session in the +offices of the 'Gold Fields.' They are appointing sub-committees for +the safeguard and comfort of the town; 51,000_l._ for the relief of +the poor has already been raised. Messengers are sent out to call in +all the women and children from the mines. Arrangements are being made +for the housing and feeding of these. Nothing is forgotten, and +everything goes on with the utmost method and precision. It is like a +great, splendid piece of machinery. + +The merchants have sent up a deputation to try to bring the President +to reason. He has temporarily removed the dues from food stuffs as a +result of the interview. The Government has prohibited all telegraphic +communication. _We are cut off from the world_. + +The Reform Committee repudiates Dr. Jameson's inroad, but publishes +its intention to adhere to the National Union Manifesto, and +'earnestly desires that the inhabitants should refrain from taking any +action which can be construed as an overt act of hostility against the +Government.' A certain tone of security and dignity pervades all the +notices of the Reform Committee. The town is sure of success. + +In order to silence rumours in regard to the hoisting of the English +flag, Mr. Hammond after some difficulty secured a flag of the +Transvaal, and took it into the committee room this morning. The +entire body of men swore allegiance with uncovered heads and upraised +hands. The flag now floats from the roof of the 'Gold Fields.' The +merchants have closed their shops and battened up the windows with +thick boards and plates of corrugated iron. Boer police are withdrawn +from the town. Excitement at fever heat, but everything running +smoothly. No drunkenness nor rioting. The streets are filled with +earnest-looking men. Near the Court House arms are being distributed. +At another point horses are given over to the newly-enrolled +volunteers. + +4 P.M.--I have driven from one end of the town to the other, through +busy crowded streets, without seeing one disorderly person, or being +regarded a second time by one of the thousands of men filing solemnly +past my carriage. They would form into squads and march gravely to +their posts of duty. A splendid-looking set of men, ranging in age +from 25 to 35. Men from every walk in life, professional men, robust +miners, and pale clerks, some among the faces being very familiar. My +eyes filled when I thought of what the future might be bringing them. +At the hotel dinner Mrs. Dodd, Betty and I were the only women +present. The room was crowded with men who spoke excitedly of a +possible war and exchanged specimen cartridges across the table. I +hear that one thousand Lee-Metford rifles have been given out. The +town is now policed by Uitlanders under Trimble. + +The Americans have held another meeting. Five hundred men were +present, and with only five dissenting votes determined to stand by +the Manifesto. After this meeting, the George Washington Corps of 150 +members was formed. + +Following are the names of the various Brigades:-- + +Australian, Scotch, Africander, Cycle, Colonial, Natal, Irish, +Northumbrian, Cornish, and Bettington's Horse and the Ambulance Corps. +Most of the mines are closing down. Women and children are still +flying from the town. Alas! some men, too, who are heartily jeered by +the crowd at the railroad station.[2] + +St. John's Ambulance Society is advertising for qualified nurses or +ladies willing to assist. + +Natives are in a state of great panic. One of the Kaffir servants in +the hotel gave me a tremendous shock this morning by rushing into my +room to fling himself at my feet, sobbing and imploring me not to +allow the Boers to kill him. + +LATER.--The sultry day has cooled down into a calm, moonlit night. + +This evening the Reform Committee received a deputation from the +Government consisting of Messrs. Marais and Malan; these gentlemen +showed their authority from the Government, and were duly accredited. +They are both progressive Boers and highly respected by the +Uitlanders. They stated that they had come with the olive branch, that +the Government had sent them to the Reform Committee to invite a +delegation of that Committee to meet in Pretoria a Commission of +Government officials, with the object of arranging an amicable +settlement of the political questions. They emphatically asserted that +the Government would meet the Reform Committee half-way--that the +Government was anxious to prevent bloodshed, &c. That they could +promise that the Government would redress the Uitlander grievances +upon the lines laid down in the Manifesto, but that of course all the +demands would not be conceded at once, and both sides must be willing +to compromise. The Reform Committee met to consider this proposal, +and after long discussion decided to send a deputation to Pretoria. +These gentlemen leave with Messrs. Malan and Marais on a special train +to-night for Pretoria. + +Johannesburg is quiet as ever was country town. The streets deserted. +Nothing to suggest a city girt around by a cordon of soldiers, and yet +such it is. + +At midnight my husband ran in for a moment to see how we had stood the +strain of the day. + +'Is the news from Jameson really true?' I asked, still hoping it was +rumour. + +'I am afraid so.' + +'And are those heavy wagons just going down the street carrying the +big guns to the outskirts?' + +'Yes. Good-night, dear.' He was gone. + + +FOOTNOTES: + +[Footnote 1: The sufferings of this hapless crowd were acute. +Provisions were hard to obtain at the way stations. The water supply +gave out. A little child died of exposure, and the heart-broken mother +held the lifeless body twenty-four hours on her lap. There was no room +to lay it to one side. Another woman gave birth to an infant.] + +[Footnote 2: The Cornish miners were politely presented at Kimberley +and other places en route with bunches of white feathers by the +howling mob. One Cornishman afterwards related that he was pulled out +at every station and made to fight. After the fourth mauling he turned +round and went back to Johannesburg, preferring to take his chances +with the Boers.] + + + + +III + + +January 1, 1896.--With the dawn of day I am out of bed and at the +window waiting for the cry of the newsboy. + +What will the New Year bring us? + +With nervous dread I opened the paper brought to my door. In large +headlines it told of disaster. + +The Natal train filled with refugee women and children has been +wrecked, with great loss of life. The papers say forty have been +killed outright, and many fearfully injured. Entire families have been +wiped out in some cases. Mr. ---- has lost his wife, his sister, and +three little children. This is the result of a Boer concession. The +accident was caused by the Netherlands carriages being poorly built +and top-heavy. In rounding a curve they were swung off the +track--collapsed at once like card-houses, crushing and mangling the +helpless and crowded occupants. + +The deputation to Pretoria did not leave last night, as was expected. +They go this morning instead. + +My husband is greatly disturbed at the delay. He says time is all +important, and the Reform Committee's hands should not be tied while +the Boers gain time. + +Reports of Jameson's meeting the enemy have been amplified. Now it is +said that fifty of his men have been killed and three hundred Boers. +Sir John Willoughby is believed to be shot. + +I drove out to my home to reassure my women, Mr. Sharwood having +brought in word that the coachman Adams had almost caused a panic by +his garish tipsy account of 'what was going on in town,' and 'the many +risks he ran when taking the mistress out.' + +Parker was overjoyed to see me, and so was Totsey. I found all +staunch, and ready, not only to protect themselves, but to fight +anything, particularly the valiant Adams. + +On my way back to town I heard firing beyond the ridge east of us. +Some men at practice probably, but it gave me a wrench and detracted +from Adams's dignified bearing. More organising and drilling of +troops. I hear there is much suffering among them. The book-keeper, +clerks, and indoor men find the unaccustomed exposure and fatigue +trying in the extreme. But they are a plucky lot, and stand for hours +on guard in the scorching sun, and walk miles with their poor +blistered feet with pathetic cheerfulness; swooning in many cases at +their posts rather than give in; to a man, eager to fight. + +Betty and I began our daily visits to the women and children at the +Wanderers' and Tattersall's to-day. At the Wanderers' alone are nearly +three hundred. The wonderful provision made for their health and +comfort spoke well for the intelligence as well as heart of the +Reform Committee, and Mr. Lingham, an American, who has that especial +department in charge. We found the dancing-hall of the Wanderers' +converted into a huge dormitory, the supper-room into a sick ward, and +the skating-rink reserved for women newly confined--fright and +excitement having brought on many premature births. There is a matron +in charge of the sick, and a medical inspector, who comes twice a day +to visit the different wards. I overheard him soundly berate a mother +who kept her children too much indoors. The food was good, and there +was plenty of it. Fresh cow's milk was supplied to the children. I +noticed a large vessel of galvanised iron marked 'Boiled water for +drinking purposes.' The little children were romping and tumbling +about with great energy. The women were wonderfully patient, I +thought, and firm in their adherence to the cause. This in some cases +was but vaguely understood, but there was a general belief that there +was 'goin' to be some fighten,' which was sure to make us all better +off. I heard but one complaint, and that from a hulking slouch of a +man who had sneaked in from duty to take a nap on the foot of his sick +wife's pallet. He complained of the food, showing me the remains of +dainties given out to the sick woman, and _which he had helped her to +eat_. The woman looked up at me with haggard eyes: 'It ain't the +vittles, but the pain that's worrying me, ma'am.' + +A touching sight were the yelping dogs of every breed, family pets +tethered to the fence outside. All canteens are closed by order of the +Reform Committee as a precautionary measure, and where there was doubt +of these precautions being observed, the liquors were bought and +thrown away. + +Hundreds of varying rumours are afloat, which rush and swirl along +until lost in distorting eddies. + +This afternoon a horseman went through the town distributing a +Proclamation from the High Commissioner, Sir Hercules Robinson:-- + + + PROCLAMATION BY + + _His Excellency the Right Hon. Sir Hercules George Robinson, + Bart., Member of Her Majesty's Most Hon. Privy Council, + K.C.B., of the Most Distinguished Order of St. Michael and + St. George, Governor, Commander-in-Chief of Her Majesty's + Colony of the Cape of Good Hope in South Africa, and of the + Territories, Dependencies thereof, Governor of the Territory + of British Bechuanaland, and Her Majesty's Commissioner, + &c., &c_. + + 'Whereas it has come to my knowledge that certain British + subjects, said to be under the leadership of Dr. Jameson, + have violated the territory of the South African Republic, + and have cut telegraph wires, and done various other illegal + acts; and + + 'Whereas the South African Republic is a friendly State in + amity with Her Majesty's Government; and whereas it is my + desire to respect the independence of the said State: + + 'Now therefore I hereby command the said Dr. Jameson and all + persons accompanying him, to immediately retire from the + territory of the South African Republic, on pain of the + penalties attached to their illegal proceedings; and I do + further hereby call upon all British subjects in the South + African Republic to abstain from giving the said Dr. Jameson + any countenance or assistance in his armed violation of the + territory of a friendly State. + + 'GOD SAVE THE QUEEN. + + 'Given under my hand and seal this 31st day of December, + 1895. + + 'HERCULES ROBINSON, + 'High Commissioner. + + 'By command of His Excellency the High Commissioner.' + + +Johannesburg is dumfounded! + +The sixth edition of the 'Star' this evening says that Jameson is only +fifteen miles away, and that he has had a second encounter with the +Boers. The populace has recovered from the Proclamation, and their +wild enthusiasm can scarcely be restrained. They want to go out to +meet Jameson and bring him in with triumphal outcry. It is hard to be +only a 'she-thing' and stay in the house with a couple of limber-kneed +men, when such stirring happenings are abroad. + +11 P.M.--Mr. Lionel Phillips has just addressed the crowd collected +around the 'Gold Fields' waiting for news. He told them that the +Reform Committee Delegation--of which he was one--had been received +with courtesy by the Government Commission, the Chief Justice of the +Republic acting as chairman. + +They were assured that their proposals should be earnestly considered. +Mr. Phillips then explained what was wanted, and reiterated the Reform +Committee's determination to stand by the Manifesto. He also told the +Commission that the leaders of the Reform Committee had arranged with +Jameson to come to their assistance when necessary, but that +unfortunately he had come before required, probably through some +misunderstanding or false report. While the Reform Committee regretted +Jameson's precipitate action, they would stand by him. And as they had +no means of stopping him they offered to prove their good faith by +giving their own persons as hostages that Jameson should leave +Johannesburg peacefully if he were allowed to come in unmolested. This +offer was rejected by the Commission, but a list of the names of the +Reform Committee was asked for.[3] + +As a result of this interview the Government decided to accept the +offer made by Her Majesty's High Commissioner to come to Pretoria to +settle differences and avoid bloodshed. An armistice was then agreed +upon pending the High Commissioner's arrival. Mr. Phillips was often +interrupted by the crowd, some with cheers and others hooting. One +voice called out, 'And how about Jameson?' Mr. Phillips answered, 'I +am instructed by the Reform Committee to state to you, as I did to the +Government, that we intend to stand by Jameson. Gentlemen, I now call +upon you to give three cheers for Dr. Jameson.' There was prolonged +and enthusiastic cheering. + +The Reform Committee has sent out J.J. Lace to escort a messenger from +the British Agent, who carries the Proclamation, and also to explain +the situation to Dr. Jameson. + +It is said that Lieutenant Eloff was captured by Jameson some miles +beyond Krugersdorp. Eloff declaring he had official orders to obstruct +his advance, Jameson expressed his determination to go on, but added +that he had no hostile intentions against the Government. + +JANUARY 2.--Betty and I sat up all night. The excitement is too +intense to admit of hunger or fatigue. We know nothing beyond the +rumours of the street. Jameson is said to be at Langlaagte, fighting +his way into town, the Boers in hot pursuit. + +Mademoiselle has asked leave to go to the Convent to make her will. + +In the streets, private carriages, army wagons, Cape carts and +ambulances graze wheels. Every hour or two a fresh edition of the +'Star' is published; public excitement climbing these bulletins, like +steps on a stair. We sit a half-dozen women in the parlour at Heath's +Hotel. Two sisters weep silently in a corner. Their father is manager +of the 'George and May'; a battle has been fought there a couple of +hours ago. No later news has come to them. A physician, with a huge +red-cross badge around his arm, puts his head in at the door, and +tells his wife that he is going out with an ambulance to bring in the +wounded. At this we are whiter than before, if it were possible. + +Poor Mademoiselle returned an hour ago and was obliged to go to bed, +done up with the nervous tension. + +Jacky is loose on the community; in spite of energetic endeavours +(accompanied by the laying-on of hands in my case) his Aunt Betty and +I cannot restrain his activity. He is intimate with the frequenters of +the hotel bar, and on speaking terms with half the town. The day seems +endless. + +Things have gone so far, men want the issue settled, and perhaps the +irresponsible are eager for a little blood-letting; there are certain +primitive instincts which are latent in us all, and the thought of war +is stimulating. + +Mr. Lace returned this afternoon and reported that he had ridden +through the lines to Jameson. He had had very little speech with the +doctor, as the time was short, and the messenger bearing the +proclamation of the High Commissioner was also present. Jameson asked +where the troops were. Lace told him that he could not rely on any +assistance from the Uitlanders, as they were unprepared, and an +armistice had been declared between the Boer Government and the people +of Johannesburg. + +LATER.--News is brought of a battle fought at Doornkop this forenoon, +and _Jameson has surrendered_. Johannesburg has gone mad. + +MIDNIGHT.--My husband has just come in, his face as white and drawn as +a death mask. + +We talked earnestly, and then I insisted upon his going to bed, and +for the first time in three days he drew off his clothes and lay down +to rest. The exhausted man now sleeps heavily; I sit beside him +writing by the spluttering candle. Now, while it is fresh in my mind, +I am trying to put down all that I have just heard from my husband. + +He told me the Reform Committee were greatly surprised when they +received the report of Mr. Lace, as Jameson had no right to expect +aid and succour from Johannesburg for the following reasons:-- + +_First_.--In answer to a telegram from Jameson, expressing +restlessness at the delay, my husband wired him on December 27 a +vigorous protest against his coming. + +_Second_.--Strong and emphatic messages were taken by Major Heaney, +one of Jameson's own officers, to the same effect, also by Mr. Holden. +Major Heaney went by special train from Kimberley, and Mr. Holden on +horseback across country. + +These messages informed Dr. Jameson that the time had not arrived for +his coming; that the people of Johannesburg were without arms, and +that his coming would defeat the aim and purposes of the whole +movement; and, further, that he could not expect any aid or +co-operation from the people of Johannesburg. + +Notwithstanding all this, Jameson left Pitsani Sunday night, and the +first intimation which Johannesburg had of his advance was through +telegrams received Monday afternoon. + +The Reform Committee, thus informed of Jameson's coming, and knowing +that he was fully aware of their unarmed condition, believed that he +relied only on his own forces to reach Johannesburg; and the Committee +were assured by Major Heaney and Captain White (two of Jameson's +officers, the latter having two brothers with the invading force) that +no Boer force could stop him in his march; and this was confirmed by +one of Jameson's troopers, who came from him this morning of the +surrender, and reported that he was getting along well; that, although +his horses were tired, he would reach Johannesburg within a few hours, +and that he needed no assistance. + +The hope of the Committee was that, after receiving the proclamation +of the High Commissioner, Jameson would retrace his steps instead of +pushing on. + +Monday, when we first heard of his starting, there were only 1,000 +guns, and very little ammunition in the country, and these were +hidden away at the different mines. One thousand five hundred more +guns arrived next day. So desperate was the extremity, these guns were +smuggled in at great risk of being discovered by the Boer Custom House +officials, under a thin covering of coke on ordinary coal cars. But +for the bold courage of several men, who rushed the coke through, they +would have fallen into the hands of the Boers. The leaders had taken +as few men as was possible into their confidence, so as to reduce to a +minimum all liability of their plans being discovered by the +Government. They had made almost no organisation, and Jameson's sudden +oncoming placed them in a terrible position. To confess at this +juncture that the Reform Committee was short of guns would have +demoralised the people, and placed Johannesburg entirely at the mercy +of the Boers. These leaders played a losing game with splendid +courage. Realising that all would be lost if the true situation were +suspected, and feeling the fearful responsibility of their position, +they kept their counsel, and turned bold faces to the world, +continuing to treat with Government with the independence of +well-armed men, and men ready to fight. + +When the news of Jameson's surrender was confirmed this evening, the +surging crowd around the 'Gold Fields' became an excited and dangerous +mob. Pressing thickly together, in their frenzy, they began to mutter +threats against the Reform Committee, and demanded, 'Where is Jameson? +We thought you promised to stand by Jameson! Why didn't you give us +guns and let us go out to help Jameson?' + +Plans were made to blow up the 'Gold Fields' where the Reformers sat +in session. Several gentlemen of the Committee essayed to speak from +the windows, but were received with howls and curses from the stormy +tumult below. At last Mr. Samuel Jameson, brother to Dr. Jameson, made +himself heard:-- + +'I beg you, for my brother's sake, to maintain a spirit of calm +restraint. We have done everything in our power for him, and used our +very best judgment. In face of the complicated circumstances, no other +course could have been taken.' + +It was as oil on the troubled waters. + + JANUARY 3.-- + + FROM THE REFORM COMMITTEE. + +The Reform Committee issued the following notice at noon:-- + + '_Resolved_: That in view of the declaration by the + Transvaal Government to Her Majesty's Agent that the + mediation of the High Commissioner has been accepted, and + that no hostile action will be taken against Johannesburg + pending the results of these negotiations, the Committee + emphatically direct that under no circumstances must any + hostile action be taken by the supporters of the Reform + Committee, and that in the event of aggressive action being + taken against them, a flag of truce be shown, and the + position explained. + + 'In order to avoid any possibility of collision, definite + orders have been given. The matter is now left with the + mediation of the High Commissioner, and any breach of the + peace in the meanwhile would be an act of bad faith. + + 'By order of the Committee.' + + +Deep and universal depression follows upon the great excitement. +Jameson and his men are prisoners of war in Pretoria. Armed Boer +troops encircle the town. + +One man said to me to-day: 'If we do get the franchise after losing +only thirty men, how much we will have gained and at how cheap a +price.' + +It was a man's view; birth and death could never mean so little to a +woman! + +JANUARY 4.--The High Commissioner has arrived at Pretoria. + +They say poor Dr. Jameson is greatly dejected, and never speaks to a +soul. + +JANUARY 5.--This beautiful Sunday, quiet and serene, dawns upon us +free of the sounds of the past week. No cries of newspaper boys nor +hurry of wheels. A couple of bands of recruits drilled for a while +sedately on Government Square, and then marched away. It is wonderful +to an American woman, who still retains a vivid recollection of +Presidential Elections, to see two warring factions at the most +critical point of dispute mutually agree to put down arms and wait +over the Sabbath, and more wonderful yet seems the self-restraint of +going without the daily paper. The George Washington Corps attended a +special service. The hymns were warlike and the sermon strong and +anything but pacific. + +JANUARY 6.--The Government issues an ultimatum: Johannesburg must lay +down its arms. + +The letter of invitation signed by Messrs. Charles Leonard, Francis +Rhodes, Lionel Phillips, John Hays Hammond and George Farrar, inviting +Dr. Jameson to come to the succour of Johannesburg under certain +contingencies, was printed in this morning's paper. It was picked up +on the battlefield, in a leathern pouch, supposed to be Dr. Jameson's +saddle-bag. _Why in the name of all that is discreet and honourable +didn't he eat it!_ + +Two messengers from the High Commissioner, Sir Jacobus de Wet, the +British Agent, and Sir Sydney Shippard, were received by the Reform +Committee this morning. De Wet told them that Johannesburg must lay +down its arms to save Jameson and his officers' lives; that unless +they complied with this appeal, which he made on behalf of the High +Commissioner, who was in Pretoria ready to open negotiations, +Johannesburg would be responsible for the sacrifice of Jameson and his +fellow prisoners. It would be impossible for the Government to conduct +negotiations with the High Commissioner for redress of grievances +until arms were laid down. He urged them to comply with this appeal to +prevent bloodshed, and promised that they could depend upon the +protection of the High Commissioner, and that not 'a hair of their +heads would be touched.' After much discussion, the Committee agreed +to lay down their arms. + +Betty and Mrs. Clement were busy all the morning giving out books and +flowers which had been generously sent by various ladies and +commercial firms for distribution among the women and children at the +Wanderers' and Tattersall's. Betty says the women were most grateful. +They are busy, hard-working women, and the enforced leisure is very +trying to them. She spoke with the manager of Tattersall's; he thanked +her for her gifts, remarking, with some weariness in his tone: 'You +don't know, Miss, how hard it is to keep the women amused and +contented--and several of them have been confined!' as if that, too, +were a proof of insubordination. + +My husband tells me that the Committee is to hold a meeting at +midnight, and another at six to-morrow morning. He says that Lionel +Phillips nearly fainted from exhaustion to-day. Mr. Phillips is +consistent and brave, and George Farrar, too, is proving himself a +hero. Dear old Colonel, with the kind thoughtfulness so characteristic +of him, never fails to ask how we are bearing the trial. + +JANUARY 7.--Sir Jacobus de Wet and Sir Sydney Shippard addressed the +populace from the Band Club balcony, exhorting them to accept the +ultimatum. + +LATER.--I have had such a reassuring conversation with Sir Sydney +Shippard this evening. He is a most intelligent man, and speaks with +such fluent decisiveness that all he says carries conviction. I am +told that Sir Jacobus's speech was a rambling, poor affair and weak; +the crowd showed a restlessness that at one time threatened to become +dangerous. He was fortunately pulled down by his coat-tails before the +crowd lost self-control. + +Sir Sydney's speech, on the contrary, was strong and full of feeling. +He told the people that he sympathised deeply with them in their +struggle for what he believed to be their just rights, but that being +an English Government official he could take no part. He reminded them +that Jameson was lying in prison, his life and the lives of his +followers in great jeopardy. The Government had made one condition for +his safety: the giving up of their arms. 'Deliver them up to your High +Commissioner, and not only Jameson and his men will be safe, but also +the welfare of those concerned in this movement--I mean the leaders.' +He continued: 'I, whose heart and soul are with you, say again that +you should follow the advice of the High Commissioner, and I beg you +to go home and to your ordinary avocations; deliver up your arms to +your High Commissioner, and if you do that you will have no occasion +to repent it.' + +JANUARY 8.--Arms are being delivered up. About 1,800 guns already +handed in. The Government assert that we are not keeping our agreement +and are holding back the bulk of the guns. My husband tells me that +these are being given up as fast as possible, but that there are not +over 2,700 among the entire Uitlander population. The Reform Committee +has assured the High Commissioner that they are keeping good faith, +but that they never had more than about 2,700. The disarmament is +universally considered the first step to an amicable settlement. The +Reform Committee has sent out orders and the guns are coming quietly +in. Everybody feels a certain relief now that the strain is eased; the +members of the Committee are dropping down into all sorts of odd +places to make up for the lost sleep of the past week. Dozens are +stretched on the floor of the club rooms. Some steady-going gentlemen +of abstemious habit are unprejudiced enough to allow themselves to be +found under the tables wrapped in slumber as profound as that of +infancy. + +In contrast to my feelings of yesterday I am almost joyous. But for +poor impetuous Jameson and the newly dead and wounded of Doornkop, I +could laugh again. + +The women are going back to the mines. Many brave little men who have +remained in the shade to comfort their wives now step boldly to the +front and tell us what they would have done if it had really come to a +question of fighting. There is so much talk of _moral courage_ from +these heroes, I fear it is the only kind of courage which they +possess. One gentleman, not conspicuous for his bravery during the +preceding days, gravely said to me: 'If there had been war, I wonder +if I should have had the moral courage to keep out of the fight?' I +looked into his face, and, seeing there his character, answered with +dryness, 'Oh! I suspect you would.' He was too complaisant to +appreciate the sarcasm. God made little as well as great things! I +suppose we should love all humanity, even if it be in the spirit of a +collector of curios. + +The protracted excitement has caused several deaths from heart +failure, and I heard of two cases of acute mania. There would +doubtless have been a far greater mortality but for the fact that +Johannesburg is populated by young and, for the most part, vigorous +men and women. + +I hear that Dr. Jameson answered, when asked after his first night in +the Pretoria jail if there was anything he would like to have, +'Nothing, thank you, but flea powder.' + +I sat on the verandah with Sir Sydney Shippard and Betty this evening +and watched the 'Zarps'[4] take control of the town. There was no +remonstrance on the part of the populace. + +LATER.--It is rumoured that a Commando of Boers will attack the town +to-night. The place is practically defenceless; most of the men having +returned to their work and the companies being disbanded.[5] + +JANUARY 9.--There is a fearful impression abroad this morning that the +Reform Committee, or at least the leaders, will be arrested. My +husband comforts me by saying the Government could not pursue such a +course after having recognised the Reform Committee and offered not +only to consider, but reform the grievances which have brought all +this trouble about. He declares that Great Britain would not allow +this after commanding her subjects to disarm and promising them her +protection, and to see that their wrongs were righted. + +'It would be the worst sort of faith,' he insists. + +NOON.--The situation is very strained. I can see that my husband is +trying to prepare me for his possible arrest. 'It will merely be a +matter of form.' Ah me! I can read in his grave face another truth. +May God in His mercy grant us a happy issue out of all our +afflictions. + +At a quarter to ten on the night of January 9, my husband, with two +dozen others of the Reform Committee, was arrested and thrown into +jail on the charge of rebellion and high treason. They had heard that +this was probable several hours earlier in the day. + +The four leaders were secretly offered a safe conduct over the border, +but refused to forsake their comrades and the Cause. Leaving word +where he was to be found, and with the further stipulation that no +handcuffs were to be used in his arrest, or 'he would blow the brains +out of the first man who approached him,' my husband hastened to +break the news gently to us. I packed a tiny handbag with necessaries +and filled his pockets with cakes of chocolate; chocolate was +nourishing, and would sustain a hungry man hours, even days. We sat +down hand in hand to wait for the officer, Betty in delicacy having +left us alone together. + +The Australians were giving a banquet below stairs, and as we clung to +each other we could hear their shouts of boisterous mirth and +hand-clapping. We started up at a tap on the door. A friend to tell us +the officer was waiting at the street entrance. I helped my husband +into his coat and we kissed each other good-bye. He was filled with +solicitude for me. My thoughts were of the two thousand excited Boers +laagered between Johannesburg and Pretoria, but recollection of my +unborn child steadied me and gave me self-command. + +Kind Mrs. Heath came to me, and, putting her arms about my shoulders, +led me gently back into the bedroom, 'Mrs. Heath, will you please +tell my sister-in-law that I am alone?' and Betty knew what had +happened and came to me at once. Some time later Mr. John Stroyan +brought a note from my husband:-- + + Johannesburg Jail--2 A.M. + + 'We are well--a couple of dozen--waiting for the train to + Pretoria. Don't worry. + + 'Yours, J.H.H.' + +Then nature came to my relief. My overtaxed nerves refused to bear any +more--they were paralysed. I threw myself across the foot of my little +boy's bed, and lay like a dead woman until the morning broke.... + +Many days afterward I heard further details of the arrest. Some of the +incidences were amusing, as was the polite borrowing and making use of +Mr. King's carriage--he being one of the Reformers--for conveyance of +the prisoners to the gaol. At the Rand Club there was so large a +collection of Reformers, that the carriages, even over-crowded, could +not carry them all. Lieuts. de Korte and Pietersen, the officers in +charge, said in the most friendly manner, 'Very well, gentlemen, some +of you must wait until we can come back for you.' And they _did_ wait. +Colonel Rhodes was taken from his own home; roused from his bed, he +stood brushing his hair with martial precision, and expressing to the +officer his regret at putting him to the trouble of waiting while he +dressed, Mr. Seymour Fort meanwhile packing his valise. 'Fort, old +man, put in some books,' said the Colonel, who is a great reader; 'all +the books you can find;' and Mr. Fort threw in book after book--big +ones and little ones; and for this lavish provision the poor Colonel +paid dearly some hours later, in company with several husbands, whose +wives in excess of tenderness had provided them with every known +toilette luxury filled into silver-topped cut crystal bottles. The +sight of these afflicted men carrying their heavy burdens from the +station to the prison at Pretoria was both amusing and dramatic. At +times their speech reached the epic. + +The sad side was poor Sam Jameson, crippled and broken with +rheumatism--a seriously ill man--accompanied to the very prison gates +by his ever-faithful wife; and the second lot of Reformers, sent to +Pretoria the following morning, met with an experience which some of +them have never since been able to speak of without turning white. By +the hour of their arrival the whole country round about Pretoria knew +of their coming, and a large and violent mob was gathered at the +railroad station to receive them. Through some misadventure, an +inadequate guard was detailed to march them to the gaol. The prisoners +were set upon by the mob, reviled, stoned, and spat upon, the officers +in charge trampling them under their horses' hoofs, in their vain and +excited endeavours to protect them. The poor prisoners reached the +jail in a full run, bruised and breathless, but thankful for the +asylum the prison door afforded them from their merciless pursuers. +They were quickly locked into cells. For many hours they had not +tasted food. The first Reformers imprisoned slipped in to them a part +of their own provisions, but as it was quickly and stealthily done one +cell would receive the pannikin of meat, another the tin of potatoes, +&c. The cells were in a filthy condition. As has been truly said, a +Boer prison is not built for gentlemen. It was an unavoidable +misfortune that this prison, which had up to this time housed only +refractory Kaffirs, should by force of circumstance become the +domicile for six long dreary months, and through a hot tropical +summer, of gentlemen nurtured in every decency. Captain Mein told me +that he stood the greater part of that first night rather than sit +upon the filthy floor, but exhaustion at length conquered his +repugnance. These were times which proved men's natures. It distilled +the very essence of a man, and if anywhere in his make-up was the salt +of selfishness, it was pretty sure to appear. Many who before had +appreciated Charlie Butter's open hospitality, realised now that it +was more than kindliness which prompted him to give up his last +swallow of whisky to a man who was older or weaker than himself. And +they tell me that my own good man's cheery spirits helped along many a +fellow of more biliary temperament. + +The four leaders were put into a cell 11 feet by 11 feet, which was +closed in by an inner court. There was no window, only a narrow grille +over the door. The floor was of earth and overrun by vermin. Of the +four canvas cots two were blood-stained, and all hideously dirty. They +were locked in at 6 o'clock--one of them ill with dysentery--and there +they remained sweltering and gasping through the tropical night until +six of the morning. For two weeks they remained in this cell. +Meanwhile, I knew nothing of my husband's plight, being mercifully +deceived by both him and our friends, every day Mr. Heath bringing to +Parktown telegrams from my husband assuring me of his good treatment +by the Government, and imploring me not to worry. + +The Reform Committee consisted of seventy-eight members; sixty-four +were arrested. One of this number subsequently committed suicide in a +temporary fit of insanity caused by protracted anxiety and prison +hardship. + +The Committee was composed of men of many nationalities and various +professions--lawyers, doctors, and, with only one or two exceptions, +all the leading mining men on the Rand. The Young Men's Christian +Association was well represented, and a Sunday-school Superintendent +was one of the list. + +I returned to my home, and was in the doctor's care, and attended by a +professional nurse. + +By my Journal I see how good was Mr. Seymour Fort and how faithful Mr. +Manion, the American Consular Agent, during this time of trial. From +the flat of my back I listened to and took into consideration many +plans suggested for the liberation of my husband. One lady proposed +getting up a petition, which she would take to England to the Queen. +It was to be headed with my name, as wife of one of the leaders: Mrs. +Lionel Phillips being in Europe, and Mrs. George Farrar at the Cape; +Colonel Rhodes a bachelor. I had small hopes of the success of things +which had to be sent to Court, or placed before Courts. The subject +was dismissed. + +Then there was another plan thought out by a very shrewd man, and +brought to my bedside, 'news which concerns your husband' being a +passport to any one. I was to go at once to Cape Town, see Mr. Cecil +Rhodes, and demand one hundred thousand dollars from him. + +'What for?' I asked. + +'You see,' said the gentleman, 'your husband and those other men are +going to be tried _sure_, and we need money to lobby Pretoria.' + +I was stupid--it was my first Revolution--and I hadn't the least idea +what lobbying Pretoria meant. My friend gave me a sketchy view of its +meaning, and assured me it was usually done in grave cases. + +'But it will kill me to leave my bed and start for Cape Town +to-morrow,' I exclaimed. + +My adviser delicately hinted that my husband's life was of more value +than my own. On this point we agreed. I was to make Mr. Rhodes +understand that we didn't want any more 'tom-fool military men up here +to ball up the game.' + +He was to give the money to me unconditionally, to be disbursed as my +friend saw fit. We rehearsed the part several times; I was hopelessly +dull! + +'And now,' he questioned, 'if Rhodes refuses to give you the money, +what will you do?' + +I thought of Jael and Charlotte Corday, and all the other women who +had to do with history, and said, 'I suppose I'll have to shoot him.' + +My preceptor looked discouraged. We went over the part once again. + +It is but fair to say that he had made every provision for my comfort. +Attendants were ready, and at the right moment I have no doubt but +that a neat pine coffin could have been produced. Reflection, however, +showed me the inadvisability of this project; but I was happily spared +the embarrassment of drawing back from promised compliance. + +There was a higher power ruling. The next morning's papers announced +the sailing of C.J. Rhodes for England. + +The morning of January 10th, Johannesburg disarmed, and the Reformers +in prison, the President of the Transvaal Republic issued a +proclamation offering pardon to all who should lay down their arms, +and declaring them to be exempt from prosecution on account of what +had occurred at Johannesburg--'_with the exception of all persons or +bodies who may appear to be principal criminals, leaders, instigators, +or perpetrators of the troubles at Johannesburg and suburbs_. Such +persons or bodies will justify themselves before the legal and +competent Courts of this Republic' + +The principal criminals, leaders, instigators, or perpetrators were +the same to whom was tendered the olive-branch brought from Pretoria +by Messrs. Malan and Marais, acting envoys by the unanimous vote of +the Executive; and three of these same principal criminals, leaders, +instigators, or perpetrators were received seven days since, as +representatives of the Reform Committee, in a conciliatory spirit by +the Government's Special Commission, and told that their demands would +be earnestly considered. During the intervening seven days Dr. Jameson +had been conquered at Doornkop and made a prisoner of the State. The +Reform Committee, in obedience to Sir Jacobus de Wet's long and prolix +solicitation, and the strong appeal of Sir Sydney Shippard, assuring +them that Jameson's life was in imminent danger, and the Government +had made Johannesburg's disarmament the one condition of his safety, +laid down their arms to preserve the life of a man already protected +by the terms of his own surrender. 'Placing themselves,' cables the +High Commissioner to Mr. Chamberlain, 'and their interests +unreservedly in my hands, in the fullest confidence that I will see +justice done them.' The sixty-four Reformers were then promptly driven +into jail, and their property placed under an interdict. + +Six months later, the four principal leaders were tried and sentenced +to be hanged by their necks until they were dead, by a judge _brought +from a neighbouring Republic, the Orange Free State_, for that +purpose. + + +FOOTNOTES: + +[Footnote 3: This list was used as a roll-call a week later in the +arrest of the Sixty-four members.] + +[Footnote 4: Abbreviated term for South African police.] + +[Footnote 5: The following cablegram will show that there were very +substantial grounds for the rumour:-- + +'Sir Hercules Robinson (Pretoria) to Mr. Chamberlain.--8th +January--No. 3. Since my telegram No. 1 of this morning matters have +not been going so smoothly. When the Executive Council met I received +a message that only 1,814 rifles and three Maxim guns had been +surrendered, which the Government of the South African Republic did +not consider a fulfilment of the ultimatum, and orders would be +immediately issued to a Commando to attack Johannesburg. I at once +replied that the ultimatum required the surrender of guns and +ammunition for which no permit of importation had been obtained, and +that onus rested with the Transvaal Government to show that guns and +ammunition were concealed for which no permit had been issued. If +before this was done any hostile step were taken against Johannesburg +I should consider it a violation of the undertaking for which I had +made myself personally responsible to the people of Johannesburg, and +I should leave the issue in the hands of Her Majesty's Government ...'] + + + + +IV + + +SUNDAY, JANUARY 12.--Mr. and Mrs. Perkins called this morning to +advise Betty's not going immediately to Pretoria, as was her +intention. Mr. Perkins said that the Boer feeling was very bitter, and +foreign women were insulted in the streets. Advocate Wessels has also +written to me, insisting upon my waiting two or three days, as my +presence in Pretoria could do no good, and might prejudice my +husband's cause. A little trunk was packed and sent to my husband last +night. I got out of bed to superintend, and felt tragically tender as +I watched the things laid in. A fresh suit of clothes, some personal +and bed linen, towels, shoes, family photographs, flea powder, +ginger-snaps, beef essence, soap, my little down pillow, and his +beloved and well-read Shakespeare. I was able to sit up for an hour +this afternoon to receive Sir Sydney Shippard, Mr. Seymour Fort, and +Mr. Manion. + +Yesterday the Governor of Natal, Sir Walter Hely Hutchinson, started +for Pretoria to confer with the High Commissioner in regard to the +transport of Dr. Jameson and his men through Natal. They are to be +handed over to the English Government. + +Search parties of mounted Boers are going about looking for hidden +guns. The Robinson Mine seems to be the spot most suspected. + +Yesterday's 'Volksstem'--a Government organ--recalled to the minds of +the Boers the Slachter Nek affair of eighty years ago--a story of +Boers hung by Englishmen for their insistence in punishing a negro +slave according to established custom. What a cruel sinister +suggestion underlies this![6] + +Keen resentment is felt here against the young German Emperor and his +indiscreet message to Kruger. I never dreamed years ago, when I used +to see him, a tall, slender-legged boy in Berlin, that in maturity I +should have so strong a desire to chastise him. England has +commissioned a Flying Squadron, and the forces at Cape Town are to be +strongly augmented. + +JANUARY 13.--Mr. Manion showed me to-day a cable from the United +States Secretary of State, Mr. Olney. 'Take instant measures to +protect John Hays Hammond, and see that he has fair play.' It brought +such a feeling of confidence and comfort! All he wants _is_ fair play, +and I pray to God that he may be protected until he gets it. + +Many business meetings had to be postponed to-day on account of the +large number of influential men in jail. I hear from Mr. ---- that on +Thursday and Friday it was most difficult to keep the Boers from +storming the town. President Kruger dissuaded them by promising each a +new suit of clothes. These they have since been seen carrying, tied +to the cantle of their saddles. + +Feeling is strong and bitter against the leaders; they are held +responsible for all the trouble brought about by the Jameson invasion. + +Commandant Cronje's Burgher force paraded the street this +morning--they are the men who captured Jameson. Jameson is the god of +the hour, and Johannesburg resented the intrusion; but for the sake of +their hero, still in the power of the Government, there was no +indication of intolerance beyond a few audible sarcasms; remarks which +were answered in kind by the Burghers. + +Betty says they were an interesting-looking body of men; +strong-framed, heavy-featured, with long unkempt hair and beards. They +rode shaggy, moth-eaten-looking little ponies, each man with a bundle +of hay bound to his saddle and a sausage in his wallet. Fathers among +them as hale as the brawny sons by their sides. They looked capable +of any amount of fatigue. + +Numbers of stray dogs and cats attest the many deserted homes. + +JANUARY 15.--Every train brings women and children, hobby-horses and +canary birds back to their homes in Johannesburg. Betty has returned, +accompanied by Mr. Seymour Port, from Pretoria. She gives a very +spirited account of her visit. Through Mr. Sauer, one of the advocates +retained by the Reformers, a visiting permit was obtained. She and Mr. +Fort were obliged to wait several hours, in company with a crowd of +wives, at the prison gates, under a broiling sun. All were loaded down +with offerings. + +Betty's own donation was several green-lined umbrellas (a god-send in +a whitewashed court beat upon by a tropical sun). After being admitted +each lady was taken into a private room and 'felt all over by a Boer +woman,' who was so fat, Betty declares, 'she must have grown up in +the room, as she could not possibly have got through the door, even +sideways.' + +In the prison court the prisoners were sitting about in great +diversity of costume, pyjamas predominating. The weather was +suffocatingly hot. To while away the tedious time some were playing +marbles, others reading, and a few of the most active brains on the +Rand were caught dozing at midday, in a strip of shadow the width of +one's hand, the sole shade in the whole enclosure. Colonel Bettington +sat on a bench near the entrance in a peculiar and striking costume +which proved to be, to those who had courage to linger and analyse, +pyjama drawers rolled to the knees, a crash towel draped with happy +blending of coolness and perfect propriety around body, noble Bedouin +arrangement of wet crash towel on head, single eyeglass in eye, merry +smile. Mr. Lace was the only one of the company who could suddenly +have been set down in Piccadilly without confusion to himself and +beholders. He wore a neat brown suit, pale pink shirt, and a +_stylish_ straw sailor hat. The prisoners showed a touching interest, +Betty says, in the distribution of their gifts. One husband asked his +wife almost before she was within arm's length what she had brought +him. She had brought him a box of Pasta Mack tabloids, and +unfortunately there was not at that time a bath in the whole prison. +Another gentleman was presented with a Cologne spray. He was the envy +of the jail; within twenty-four hours every Cologne spray in Pretoria +was bought up and in the possession of the Reform Committee. + +The four leaders are kept apart. After much ceremony my husband was +allowed to see his sister at the door of the inner court where they +are housed. Jameson and his men are in a tiny cottage by themselves, +and no communication whatever is allowed between the prisoners. +Arrangements have been made with the authorities to allow food to be +served to the Reformers from the Pretoria Club at the prisoners' +expense. The head jailer, Du Plessis, is a cousin of Kruger's. A +ponderous man with a wild beard, a blood-shot eye, and a heavy voice. +He is said to have gone to the President several days after the arrest +and said, 'Those men are not like us, they are gentlemen, and cannot +stand such hardships.' $250,000,000 are estimated as being represented +by the men within the four walls of the Pretoria jail. + +President Kruger suggests the adjournment of the Volksraad. Every one +feels this to be a wise move while party spirit runs so high. The +Hollanders in the Transvaal are much more rabid against the Reformers +than the Boers. + +Mr. Chamberlain has cabled to the High Commissioner respecting the +leaders in the recent rising. He points out that their imprisonment +may disorganise the mining industry, and inquires as to what will be +the likely penalties. + +America has asked Great Britain to protect Americans arrested in +Johannesburg. I hear that a Burgher, who saw some of the great iron +pipes of the Waterworks Company being put in the ground, reached +Pretoria in a state of intense excitement, exclaiming that he had seen +'miles of big guns at Johannesburg.' + +Mr. Andrew Trimble, chief detective and head of the Uitlander police, +quitted Johannesburg the night of the arrest with much precipitation; +unfortunately, before indeed he had filed away his most important +private papers. Following his hasty flight his office was carefully +guarded by Zarps; no one was allowed to enter--'Oh yes, the Kaffir boy +might go in to clean up.' A good friend of Mr. Trimble's, with stern +aspect, instructed the boy to make a 'good job' of the room and burn +all the papers strewn over the floor and desks. This was faithfully +done by the unconscious negro, to the entire satisfaction of all save +the Zarps in charge. + +It is said Dr. Jameson entered the Transvaal with his despatch-box +filled with important papers in cypher, _and the cypher code with +it_. I cannot believe this of any man in his sound senses. + +The High Commissioner left Pretoria by special train yesterday. This +was the man who offered his service as Mediator and was accepted by +both Uitlander and Boer. To placate the Boer he refrained from +visiting Dr. Jameson and his men imprisoned at Pretoria, nor did he +permit Sir Jacobus de Wet to visit them. He never acquainted himself +with the terms of Dr. Jameson's surrender. He commanded Johannesburg +to disarm to appease the Boer, and this being successfully +accomplished through the self-control of the Reform Committee, he +departed with his gout and other belongings, leaving the unarmed +betrayed Reformers to shift for themselves. Was this being a Mediator? + + +FOOTNOTES: + +[Footnote 6: This affair was the result of an interference by the +English. It arose out of the ill-treatment of a negro slave. The Boers +resisted arrest, there was a clash of arms, and four of the Boers were +hanged.] + + + + +V + + +JANUARY 21.--The Burghers are disbanding and returning to their homes. + +Trade is thoroughly unsettled, and business of every kind is in an +unsatisfactory condition. Great disorder prevails in the town. +Scarcely a night but there is some sort of disturbance between +citizens and police; the latter are mostly raw German recruits. + +Dr. Jameson and his officers left Pretoria yesterday. Dr. Jameson +looked very downcast, and sat gazing stolidly before him until the +train started. They were cheered at many places along the route. The +United States Government has thanked Mr. Chamberlain for his offer to +protect Americans in the Transvaal. + +All travellers coming into the country must submit to a rigorous +personal search for firearms at Vereeniging. In one case even the +infant of the party was overhauled for guns and ammunition before +being handed over to the loving father, who had come down to meet his +little family. + +LATER.--I came up to Pretoria this afternoon with Betty and the sick +nurse. We were stopped at the station while the officials examined our +handbags for cannon. This delay would have been irritating, but the +men were so universally good-natured--little dull-witted, with no +appreciation of fitness, but good-natured. We drove at once to the +Grand Hotel, and I went to bed that I might look rested when I saw my +husband on the morrow. Lady de Wet and Dr. Messum, the prison +physician, called to tell me the four men had been moved into the +Jameson Cottage, but I was asleep, and not allowed to be roused. There +is comfort in being this much nearer to my poor prisoner. The hotel is +full of Reformers' wives, and there is much excitement and coming and +going. We are warned to be cautious in what we say in public places, +because of spies. Every woman has a nervous look on her face, and some +of them shut the windows and doors before uttering even the most +commonplace remarks. + +Pretoria lies in a shallow basin in the heart of the hills--a fitting +home for the Sleeping Princess. It is hushed and drowsy and overrun by +a tangle of roses. Weeping willows edge the streets, which are wide +and as neglected as a country road. Open gutters carry off, or rather +contain, the sewage of the town. Its altitude is lower than that of +Johannesburg, and the climate very relaxing. Every month or couple of +months the town is full of stir and life. The Boers trek in from +neighbouring farms with their long span of oxen, as many as eighteen +and twenty being yoked to a wagon. They buy and sell, and partake of +the Nacht Maal, or sacrament, laagered around the Dopper Church; and +with their dogs, Kaffirs, and oxen make of that square a most +unsavoury spot. + +JANUARY 24.--I have been several times to the prison, and have seen my +husband. He looks thin, but his face is much rested. He was greatly +distressed on my first visit at the change in my appearance, which I +declared was most ungrateful, as I had put on my best clothes for the +occasion. His mouth showed a tendency to grow square at the corners; I +had seen his children's do the same a thousand times in our nursery, +and I turned away to conceal my emotion. + +The leaders are still kept apart from the other Reformers, a chalked +line showing the margin of their liberty. They are fairly comfortable +in the Jameson Cottage. It contains two tiny rooms; in one all four +sleep, and the other is used for a sitting-room. These are kept very +clean and bright. Mr. Farrar is housekeeper, and 'tidies up' with such +vigour that his three comrades threaten to give up their lodgings and +decamp. + +'Hang it all,' says Mr. Phillips, 'we never sit down to a meal that +George does not begin to sweep the floor'; 'And he takes our cups away +and begins washing them before we've finished our coffee,' complains +the Colonel. Mr. Farrar reproaches me for my husband's want of order. +He says I have not trained him at all, which is quite the truth. Each +man has his chief treasures on a little shelf above his bed. The three +husbands have photographs of wife and children; Colonel Rhodes, the +bachelor, a sponge-bag and pin-cushion. Every day I find a short list +of things which they want got for them. It is many a long year since +they had such simple desires: bed-sheets and pillow-cases, a shade for +their window, Dutch dictionary, and lead pencils. + +JANUARY 25.--The Reformers, with the exceptions of Messrs. Lionel +Phillips, George Farrar, Colonel Rhodes, John Hays Hammond, and Percy +Fitzpatrick, are released to-day on bail of ten thousand dollars +each. They are not permitted to leave Pretoria however. + +JANUARY 27.--Dr. Jameson has sailed on the 'Victoria' for England. The +Governor of Natal was hooted at Volksrust for congratulating President +Kruger on his defeat of Jameson. + +We are again in Pretoria. I have asked for an interview with the +President. + + * * * * * + + _My First Prison Pass_ + + BEWIJS VAN TOEGANG + + Aan den Cipier van de Gevangenis te + Pretoria. + + Verlof wordt verliend aan Mrs. Hammond + en Miss Hammond en Lady de Wet + + Om den gevangene genaamd Hammond, + Phillips, Rhodes en Farrar te bezoeken in + Uwe tegenwoordigheid. + + Den 22nd--1--1896. + + + + +VI + + +Sir James Sivewright said, as I left my rooms for the President's +house, 'I am glad that you are going. You will find a man with a rough +appearance but a kind heart.' Mr. Sammy Marx accompanied me. + +The home of the President of the South African Republic is an +unpretentious dwelling, built of wood and on one floor. There is a +little piazza running across the front, upon which he is frequently +seen sitting, smoking his pipe of strong Boer tobacco, with a couple +of his trusted burghers beside him. Two armed sentinels stood at the +latch gate. I hurried through the entrance. A negro nurse was +scurrying across the hall with a plump baby in her arms. A young man +with a pleasant face met me at the sitting-room door and invited me +to enter. It was an old-fashioned parlour, furnished with black +horse-hair, glass globes, and artificial flowers. A marble-topped +centre table supported bulky volumes bound in pressed leather with +large gilt titles. There were several men already in the room, Boers. +Those nearest the door I saw regard me with a scowl. I was a woman +from the enemy's camp. At the further end of the long room sat a large +sallow-skinned man with long grizzled hair swept abruptly up from his +forehead. His eyes, which were keen, were partly obscured by heavy +swollen lids. The nose was massive, but not handsome. The thin-lipped +mouth was large and flexible, and showed both sweetness and firmness. +A fine mouth! He wore a beard. It was President Kruger. He was filling +his pipe from a moleskin pouch, and I noticed that his broad stooping +shoulders ended in arms abnormally long. We shook hands, and he +continued to fill and light his pipe. Mr. Grobler, the pleasant-faced +young man, grandson and Secretary to the President, observing that I +was trembling with fatigue and suppressed excitement, offered me a +chair. We sat opposite each other, the President in the middle. I +spoke slowly, Mr. Grobler interpreting. This was hardly necessary, +President Kruger answering much that I said before it was interpreted. +I could understand him perfectly from my familiarity with German and +especially _Platt-Deutsch_. + +I explained that I had not come to talk politics. 'No, no politics,' +interrupted the President in a thick loud voice. Nor had I come to ask +favour for my husband, as I felt assured that the honesty of his +motives would speak for themselves at the day of his trial; but I +_had_ come as a woman and daughter of a Republic to ask him to +continue the clemency which he had thus far shown, and to thank Mrs. +Kruger for the tears which she had shed when Johannesburg was in +peril. + +President Kruger relaxed a little. 'That is true, she did weep.' He +fixed me with his shrewd glance. 'Where were you?' he asked abruptly. + +'I was in Johannesburg with my husband.' + +'Were you not afraid?' + +'Yes, those days have robbed me of my youth.' + +'What did you think I was going to do?' + +'I hoped that you would come to an understanding with the Reformers.' + +His face darkened. + +'I was disappointed that the Americans went against me,' he said. + +Mr. Sammy Marx rose and left the room. I was seized with one of those +sudden and unaccountable panics, and from sheer embarrassment--my mood +was far too tragic to admit of flippancy--blurted out, 'You must come +to America, Mr. President, as soon as all this trouble is settled, and +see how _we_ manage matters.' + +Kruger's face lighted up with interest. 'I am too old to go so far.' + +'No man is older than his brain, Mr. President'; and Kruger, who knew +that in all the trouble he had shown the mental vigour of a man in his +prime, accepted my praise with a hearty laugh. This was joined in by +the Boers from the other end of the room. + +Mrs. Kruger refused to see me, and I liked her none the less for her +honest prejudice. I stood to go. President Kruger rose, removed the +pipe from between his teeth, and, coughing violently, gave me his +hand. + +Mr. Grobler escorted me to the gate. 'Mrs. Hammond, I shall be glad to +serve you in any way possible to me,' he said with courtesy. + +'Then will you say to Mrs. Kruger that I am praying to the same God +that peace may come?' + +MONDAY, FEBRUARY 3.--The preliminary trial of the Reform Committee +prisoners was called this morning. The hearing was in the second +Raadzaal. Although the accommodation for the public was limited there +was a large crowd of Johannesburgers present. + +Shortly before ten o'clock an armed escort marched up to the jail for +Messrs. Hammond, Phillips, Farrar, Fitz-Patrick, and Rhodes. The other +Reformers stood in a bunch at the entrance of the hall. All the +principal Government officials were present. Sir Jacobus de Wet +appeared, accompanied by Mr. J. Rose Innes, Q.C., who had come from +the Cape to watch the case on behalf of the Imperial Government. + +Punctually at ten the State Attorney, Coster, took his seat, and, +beginning with my husband's name, called the accused into Court. + +The sixty-four prisoners were assigned to rows of cane-bottomed chairs +in the north-west corner of the building. The proceedings were in +Dutch, and continued throughout the day. With the exception of a few, +none of the Reformers understood Dutch. The hall was without +ventilation, and overcrowded, and sixty-four more bored and +disconsolate-looking men, I believe, were never brought together. Some +of them fanned vigorously with their hats, others gave themselves up +to circumstance and sank into apathy. On the second day, profiting by +experience, fans and paper-backed novels were brought into the Court +room by the arraigned. + +When the Reformers filed in I noticed my husband was not amongst them. +Captain Mein caught my eye and beckoned me to come down from the +ladies' gallery. I hurried to him in some alarm. He told me that my +husband was not well, and handed me a permit which Advocate Sauer had +procured for me. I went at once to the prison, and found my husband +with acute symptoms of dysentery, a feeble pulse, and a heart which +murmured when it beat. + +'Jack,' I said, 'I am going to dig you out of this jail!' + +He looked incredulous, and said despondently, 'I'd rather stay _here_ +than go to the prison hospital.' + +'I'm not thinking of the prison hospital,' simply to reassure him, and +with absolutely no plan of procedure in mind I smiled wisely. + +On my way back to the hotel I was perplexed and uncertain which end to +try first--the American Government or the Government of the Transvaal. +I decided upon the latter, and, assisted by Advocate Scholtz, set to +work with such good effect that by the end of the day I had received +permission to remove my invalid into a private house and personally +attend him. Captain Mein cabled to Mr. David Benjamin, who was in +England, for the use of his cottage. An answer returned within a few +hours, granting us cordial possession. + +I was told that we should be kept under strict guard and that an +officer would be lodged in the house with us. Colonel Bettington +advised me to ask the Government that this officer might be Lieutenant +de Korte, who was a gentleman, and a man of kindly instincts. This I +did, and again my wishes were generously considered. My first act in +the cottage home was to cable the United States Secretary of State of +my privilege; Betty and my faithful housemaid, Parker, were allowed to +be with us. + +Thirteen men were stationed on guard around the tiny flower-covered +cottage. No letters or telegrams were allowed to be sent or received +without first being read by Lieutenant de Korte; visitors were obliged +to obtain permits to see us, and many were the times I saw my best +friends hang disconsolate faces over the garden gate, because the +prescribed number of passes had already been distributed. + +The ladies of the house were allowed to go out twice in the week. I +never accepted this freedom. Betty did once, and returning after hours +was refused entrance by the sentinel. Fortunately Mr. de Korte came +to the rescue. Another time, in consequence of a change of guard, he +himself was obliged to show his papers before being allowed to leave +the premises. Lieutenant de Korte was excessively strict, as was his +duty to the Government, but throughout the two weeks we were under his +care he proved himself entirely worthy of Colonel Bettington's praise, +'A gentleman and a man of kindly instincts!' One piece of kindness I +particularly appreciated. _He never wore his uniform in the house_. +When he sat down to table it was in the usual evening dress of a man +of the world, and our conversation was always on pleasant subjects. We +never forgot, however, that we were prisoners. My husband and I slept +like Royalty in the throne-room, with all the Court assembled. One +guard sat at our bedroom door, gun in hand, and two others on the +verandah just outside the low window. I could hear their breathing +throughout the night. My husband and I could never exchange a private +word; sometimes I would write a message which was hurriedly burnt in +the bedroom candle. The day we moved into the cottage I saw a rose in +the garden which I thought would please and refresh my patient. I +stepped over the threshold to find my nose in conjunction with the +highly-polished barrel of an unfriendly rifle. There was no necessity +for me to understand the guttural speech of the guard, to appreciate +that he desired me to return into the house at once. I did so. Efforts +to induce Mr. Hammond to take a little exercise in the garden I soon +gave over. After a few steps (a guard only two feet behind him) he +would be utterly exhausted, and would almost faint away on reaching +his chair again. Under these petty irritations my husband showed an +angelic patience and fortitude that alarmed me. It was so unlike his +normal self. I longed to hear him cuss a cosy swear; it would have +braced us both. But he was gentle, and appreciative of little +kindnesses; so, to keep from weakening tears, I took to swearing +myself. + +Pretoria was like a steam bath. Frequent thunderstorms were followed +by a blazing sun. Vegetation grew inches in a day, and emitted a rank +smell. People were sallow and languid, and went about with +yellow-white lips. My husband was losing strength perceptibly. + +I called upon Dr. Messum, and begged that he would summon Dr. Murray, +our family physician, from Johannesburg, in consultation. He preferred +a Hollander. I would have none of them! We haggled, and he gave in. +Dr. Murray came to Pretoria. He was very grave when he came out of my +husband's sick room. His report to the Government gained the allowance +of a daily drive, but even for this slight exertion the sick man was +soon too feeble. I wanted to take him to the bracing heights of +Johannesburg, but lawyers and physicians advised me not to make this +request. Johannesburg was still a red rag to the Government, and I +would be sure to meet with a rebuff. Notwithstanding, I went one night +at eleven o'clock, escorted by Lieutenant de Korte, carrying a +glimmering lantern, to interview Dr. Schaagen van Leuwen, and laid the +case before him. + +My husband would surely die if kept in Pretoria; the Government +physician who had been attending him could attest the truth of my +statement. I begged to be allowed to take him to his home in +Johannesburg, under whatever restrictions or guard the Government +might choose to impose. _Johannesburg was my desire_, and I positively +refused to accept any alternative. Dr. Schaagen van Leuwen was very +kind, and promised to do all he could to help me, and he gave me good +reason to hope that my request would be considered. + +In the morning I went again to visit Dr. Messum, this time with Mr. +Percy Farrar. I urged him to send in his report of my husband's case +at once, as he seemed inclined to let the matter drift. Mr. Farrar +and I also drew his attention to the condition of the Jameson Cottage. +The walls were covered with mildew from the recent rains and the floor +damp with seepage water. Mr. Phillips was suffering from lumbago, and +Mr. Fitzpatrick with acute neuralgia. + +Next day we were pleasantly surprised by a call at the cottage from +Messrs. Phillips, Farrar, and Colonel Rhodes, liberated under the same +conditions as was my husband--a bail of 50,000 dollars and a heavy +guard. They were then on their way to a cottage at Sunnyside. Mrs. +Farrar and I hugged each other with joy, and were quite ready to do +the same to the lawyers who had been so successful in attaining this +end. When I learned a little later that consent had been given for Mr. +Hammond to be taken to Johannesburg my measure of happiness seemed +indeed complete. + +With all speed Parker and I tied up our belongings. Lieutenant de +Korte, with nine guards, was to attend us as far as Johannesburg. A +bed was made for the sick man on one of the seats, and frequent +stimulants helped him bear the journey. The thought of going home did +as much as the cordials to stay his strength, I shall always believe. +A number of gentlemen of my husband's staff were at the station to +meet us. Mr. Catlin's kind face I could see above all the others, and +dear Pope Yeatman's. Before we could exchange greetings we were +whisked off into our carriage by the officer whose duty it was to take +us in charge. A soldier hopped up on the box, and another planted +himself on the seat opposite to us--to my inconvenience, and Parker's +intense indignation. Our home was alight. There was a good dinner on +the table, and my husband, with his natural hospitality, invited the +officer to share it with us. I think I should have shot him if he had +accepted--but he did not accept. + +There had been a fearful dynamite explosion at Fordsburg, a suburb of +Johannesburg, late in the afternoon, and he was busied with bringing +in the wounded. Very politely he asked me to take him through the +house. This I did, grimly remarking, as I pointed to the window in my +dressing-room, 'That is the one he will escape by when we have made up +our minds to run.' This cheap wit cost me weeks of inconvenience, for +the literal Hollander took me at my word, and posted a guard directly +opposite this window. Being a Vrywilliger[7] and a gentleman, this +poor man suffered as sharply from his position as did I. That night +two armed men stood at our chamber door. One was stationed at each of +our bedroom windows. Another guarded the house entrance, and the +remainder of the guard were dispersed around the yard. Their guns were +loaded, and a bandolier of cartridges crossed their breasts. All this +to restrain a poor, broken man, who could not walk a dozen yards! + + +FOOTNOTES: + +[Footnote 7: A volunteer.] + + + + +VII + + +ASH WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 19.--The dynamite explosion was something +terrific. Fifty-five tons exploded at one time, wounding 700 people, +killing 80, and leaving 1,500 homeless. It ripped a chasm in the earth +deep enough to hold an Atlantic steamer with all her rigging. The +Kaffirs thought the sun had burst. Betty says the noise of the report +was something awful. Little Jacky was digging in the garden at the +time. He returned to the house at once with a very troubled face. The +coachman coming from town an hour later told of the dreadful +catastrophe. Jacky took his aunt aside: 'Aunt Bet, I heard that great +big noise when I was diggin' and I thought I had dug up hell.' + +The explosion was the result of neglect. For four days fifty-five and +a half tons of dynamite lay under a hot sun at the Netherlands +Railroad junction, left in charge of an inexperienced youth of twenty +who had 'forgotten to remove it' as was ordered the day before the +explosion occurred. + +Fordsburg is populated by poor Dutch and Boers. With generous +disregard of recent conflicts, the Uitlanders at once gave help and +sympathy to the afflicted. Seven of the members on the Relief +Committee were Reformers; and Reformers' wives were among the first to +nurse the wounded. President Kruger came over to Johannesburg to visit +the scene of the accident. He visited the wounded at the Wanderers' +and hospital, and seemed greatly affected. He made a speech in which +he begged the sufferers to turn their eyes to the Great Healer, who +alone could comfort. He also said that he was gratified to hear that +the subscriptions in aid of the distressed had reached so high a +figure; 'Johannesburg had come nobly to the rescue, and he was glad to +know it.' He quoted the words of the Saviour, 'Blessed are the +merciful, for they shall obtain mercy.' In benefiting others he +declared they would benefit themselves. + + +FEBRUARY 23.--I am housed with my ill husband. Betty comes in and goes +out in constant service to the sufferers from the dynamite explosion. +We can think of nothing else. All the tragic stories we hear from +friends and read in the papers fill our days with sadness. + +A friend of my cook's was visiting a neighbour at Fordsburg. She stood +on the threshold, an infant in her arms, and a three-year-old boy at +her side. The explosion came. Her baby was killed outright, and the +child clinging to her skirts dropped with one leg ripped entirely from +the socket. The mother was not even scratched. Another woman was +sewing on a sewing machine. After recovering from the shock, she found +herself unhurt, her house collapsed, and the sewing machine entirely +disappeared. Most of the houses fell outward and not inward, and +those persons near the explosion describe their experience of the +shock as falling asleep or going off in a trance. + +The society women of Johannesburg are doing noble work. Dr. Murray +says it is astonishing how intelligently alert and self-sacrificing +they are proving themselves to be. A story has been told me of a Boer +woman who was fearfully mangled; she bore the necessary surgical +operation with fortitude, but wept copiously when a green baize +petticoat, which she had recently made out of a tablecloth, was taken +off. Only a solemn promise from Mrs. Joel, her lady nurse, to keep the +garment safe until her recovery, appeased her outcries. + +I asked the officer in charge yesterday if I might see some of my +friends who called, the sentinels having thus far denied them +entrance. 'Yes, but there are some women in the place whom I do not +care to have come here.' 'And who might they be?' I asked. 'The wives +of the Reformers,' he answered. 'Then,' I flashed out, 'I do not care +to accept _any_ favours at your hands; those women are my personal +friends, and the only persons under existing circumstances whom I wish +to see.' + +(We were under this gentleman's surveillance for some time, and he +afterwards proved very friendly, _so my husband says_, but I never +spoke to him again. I did not like him. His voice was unpleasant and +he had a high, hard nose, and I do not fancy people with hard, high +noses.) + +A poor little two-year-old baby was found wandering among the ruins at +Fordsburg, with only a slight scratch on her wrist. It is supposed +that she has been lying unconscious under the débris. + +A Malay woman was discovered cowering over the ruins of what was once +her home, crooning to a dead child at her breast. + +The Netherlands Railroad Company, _under whose auspices_ the accident +took place, have donated 50,000 dollars to the Relief Fund; and the +Transvaal Government has set aside 125,000 dollars for the same +purpose; the Uitlanders, 325,000 dollars, which was collected within a +few hours after the explosion. + +FEBRUARY 25.--Business continues stagnant. + +A deputation of mining men go to Pretoria in regard to the depression +in the mining industry resulting from the imprisonment of the leaders. +I hear many of the mines will have to shut down. + +England's Queen and President Kruger have exchanged messages over the +explosion. + +A Kaffir has been found in the wrecked station at Fordsburg; although +he had been imprisoned five days in the débris, he was still alive, +and revived promptly after being given food. (He succumbed however, +some days later to pneumonia brought on by the exposure). + +1,500 of the survivors from the dynamite disaster are now encamped at +the Agricultural Show Yard. The Relief Committee are doing all +possible to assuage their sufferings. Poor people! many of them are +utterly crushed, and sit about dazed and listless; while the little +children, unconscious of the despair surrounding them, frolic about +with the chickens, and make mud-pies as if nothing had happened. But +for the thoughtless elasticity of childhood, how few of us could live +to grow up! + + + + +VIII + + +The preliminary trial dragged its undignified course through the +Courts with a fortnight's interruption, because a youth named +Shumacher refused to give his opinions on a certain subject to the +Attorney-General, and was committed to prison for contempt. + +The High Commissioner was going through genuflexions before the Boer +President. Peace, peace, at any price! at the cost of broken promises, +humiliating compromises, and the lives of sixty-four Reformers, if +need be.[8] + +Mr. Chamberlain had caught the infection, and was salaaming across the +world to Mr. Kruger, like a marionette out of a box. Thoughtful people +began to wonder if he were swung by a heavy weight, which was unknown +to us. Sir William Harcourt was giving the House of Commons, in +England, ill-founded and flippant assurances that 'the Uitlanders +desired no interference from the outside, whether British or other, +but preferred rather to work out their own salvation.' He added many +unpleasant remarks about the Reformers. I said to one of his +countrymen, 'Why does he, in his safety, flourish about, pinning us +deeper down in the wreckage?' + +'Don't let that distress you. Everybody understands that he belongs to +the other party. If he were of the party in power he would be howling +for the Reformers. Remember, Mrs. Hammond, that our system of party +politics seems to call for such attitudes of injustice.' I didn't +quite understand the argument, but the gentleman spoke with +conviction, and I was willing to accept his proffered comfort. + +In our quiet home at Park Town we had settled down to domestic +routine. The guard had gone to housekeeping in a tent under the +dining-room window. They had made friends with Totsey, and then with +Totsey's master, little Jack. Although I never recognised them beyond +a formal bow, in answer to their salute as we drove in and out of the +grounds, I realised that they were kind-hearted men. They were +Burghers belonging to the Volunteer Corps, and were quite a different +grade altogether from the men who composed our guard at Pretoria. At +first we had thirteen, then the number was diminished to nine. Each +man was paid $5.00 a day out of my good man's pocket, fed, and cab +fare provided (to fetch and carry the relief squad from and to the +town). + +It was very like boiling a kid in its mother's milk, but I had the +gratification of remarking once or twice with casual superiority +during conjugal conversation, that revolutions were expensive things, +and that was _some_ comfort. + +My invalid's health, which at first showed a decided change for the +better, began to wane again. Massage was tried, and tonics were freely +administered. Dr. Murray and I thought of Cape Town and the sea; but I +must own up, it was _the officer in charge_ who was most influential +in obtaining a permit for my husband to leave the Transvaal. The bail +bond was increased to a hundred thousand dollars. Fearing _somebody_ +might change his mind, I insisted on Dr. Murray's starting at once +with my husband for the Cape. Jacky was thrown in as a bonus. Parker +and I were to follow on the mail train two days later. + +The guard, who were by this time genuinely attached to their charge, +begged him to be photographed in a group with themselves. To their +great pride this was done. I missed my husband just before his +departure, and Jacky, joining in my search from room to room, gave +the information, 'Papa is playing with his guard outside.' Weak though +he was, he had crawled out to the tent, with a big bottle of +champagne, and when I stepped to the study window I saw, in the pale +twilight, Mr. Hammond standing with the men about him. They lifted +their glasses to him, and their hearty cheers shook me through. + +The travellers were despatched, and, according to our plan, I followed +with the maid. My dear husband was well enough to meet us in Cape Town +at the depot, and Jacky was in high feather--he had a tin steamboat; +he was inclined to swagger; and showed a personal complacency not +warranted by his appearance, for some of his clothes were put on with +great care, _hind-part before_. + +We found lodgment at Muizenburg, near Cape Town--sun, wind, and +primitive discomfort, this last mitigated by the never-failing +kindness of the proprietor. His little children fell over one another +in eager service to my invalid; they were always sure of appreciative +recognition from him, and every child is sensitive to kindness. + +Mr. Joseph Story Curtis, the Reformer, joined us, brought down from +the Rand by his physician and sick nurse; he was suffering from +partial paralysis, induced by the excitement of the revolution and +preliminary trial. + +Young Shumacher had come to the coast for building up, also Mr. Van +Goenert, who had carried a gun on duty when Johannesburg was under +arms. We were a saddened little circle at Muizenburg, and we used to +watch the great ships sail out for 'home' with a lump in our throats. + +The strong salt breeze buoyed us up to fresh hope. A new friend came +to me: a woman with all a woman's tenderness, and the simple +necessities of life had a fresh meaning when supplied by you, dear +Jessie Rose Innes! + +Dr. Murray was obliged to leave us. + +An untimely sea-bath brought back most serious symptoms to my +patient, and I was the prey every afternoon to a low fever which +sapped my strength. Although at first this fever bore a horrible +menace, it proved a disguised blessing. For two or three hours each +day I was absolutely free of care, and would lie with quick pulse and +mildly intoxicated brain dreaming I was with my elder boy on the +border of England. I saw him in his little Eton jacket and broad +turned-down collar, his sweet young face fresh as the morning. Or I +would dream of the pretty home under the hill, in far-off California. +The fragrance of thick beds of violets would seem to float to me over +the long waste of sea, and I could see the tall roses nodding in the +white summer fog. My temples beat like the winter rain on the roof, +and the light before my eyes was the library fire, picking out, in its +old familiar way, the gilt lettering on the books ranged about. It was +sweet to go back to all this, even down the scorching path of fever. + +Our stay at Cape Town was coming to its close. + +The first trial was called for April 24, and my husband insisted upon +going back to meet his sentence. Drs. Thomas and Scholtz declared this +most unadvisable. His heart was in such condition, any shock might +prove fatal. Their reports were forwarded to the Transvaal Government, +and I begged for a few days' reprieve, cabling my urgent request to +Mr. Olney in Washington, Dr. Coster at Pretoria, and our faithful +friend, Mr. Robert Chapin, United States Consul at Johannesburg. Mr. +Olney _at once_ petitioned the Boer Government in our behalf. Dr. +Coster answered curtly by wiring Mr. Chapin that John Hays Hammond was +summoned to appear before the High Court of the Transvaal on the +morning of April 24, at 10 o'clock. To me he vouchsafed no word. + +Letters came from friends in Johannesburg begging my husband not to +return, and cables from the United States to the same effect. The +sentence was sure to be a death sentence or a term of long +imprisonment. + +From important sources, which for obvious reasons I cannot quote, I +received private messages and letters informing of a plan on foot to +lynch the leaders. The beam from which four Boers had been hung years +before at Schlaagter's Nek (Oh! that poisonous suggestion in the +'Volksstem') had already been brought from the Colony for this special +purpose. Mr. Manion, the Consular Agent, and Mr. K.B. Brown, an +American just arrived in Cape Town from the Rand, took me aside and +laid the case in all its bare brutality before me. _To allow my +husband to return to Pretoria was for him to meet certain death_. If +he were not lynched by the excited Boers, he was sure to get a death +sentence. Mr. Brown showed feeling as he plead with me to use a wife's +influence to save her husband's life. My head was swimming. I could +only repeat in a dull, dogged way: 'He says his honour takes him +back. He is the father of my sons, and I'd rather see him dead than +dishonoured.' + +Somehow I got to my room, and the page-boy stumbled over me at the +door some time afterward, and ran for Mrs. Cavanagh. When I felt a +little recovered, I put on my hat, and, not waiting for my husband's +return from an appointment with Dr. Thomas, I drove to the office of +Mr. Rose Innes. He was not in, and his clerk declared he did not know +when he would be in. 'Very well, then; I'll wait until he does come +in.' + +I was given a comfortable chair, and a dictionary was dusted and +placed under my feet. Mr. Rose Innes at length appeared. He was +greatly astonished to find me waiting for him. I began abruptly: 'Dear +Mr. Innes, I am in need of a friend; my distress is so great that I +can no longer distinguish right from wrong.' I told him everything; +showed him the letters which I had received, and, facing him, asked, +'What is my duty? I can appeal to my husband--for my sake, to save +the life of our child--and perhaps dissuade him! _My God, it is a +temptation!_' + +Mr. Rose Innes sat deep in thought. + +'If you think his going back is a needless throwing away of a valuable +life,' I began, with a timid hope beginning to grow in my heart--'I +will chloroform him and have him taken to sea!' + +Mr. Rose Innes leaned forward, and took my hand gently between his +own: 'Mrs. Hammond, your husband is doing the right thing in going +back; don't try to dissuade him. If he were my own brother I would say +the same'--and I accepted his decision. + +For a further strong but ineffectual effort to gain a few days' longer +leave of absence for Mr. Hammond, I am indebted to this good friend. +Also for many personal kindnesses which I can never forget. Miss +Louisa Rhodes was a most helpful friend as well; the anxiety in +common brought us very close together. She was a veritable +fairy-godmother, bringing us wines and dainty food from Groote +Schuur's well-stocked larder to tempt us to eat. + + +FOOTNOTES: + +[Footnote 8: Cablegram of the High Commissioner to Mr. Chamberlain, +January 8, 1896:-- + +'I intend, if I find that the Johannesburg people have substantially +complied with the Ultimatum, to insist on the fulfilment of promises +as regards prisoners and consideration of grievances, and will not +allow, at this stage, the introduction of any fresh conditions as +regards the London Convention of 1884. Do you approve?'] + + + + +IX + + +At Cape Town I saw the High Commissioner--a gentle old man with +delicate hands. He had lived two-thirds of his life, and passed the +virile period. + +The responsibility of taking my husband to Pretoria was more than I +could assume alone; my strength was nearly spent. Doctors Thomas and +Scholtz assisted me in every way. Although called separately, and not +in consultation, these two gentlemen were far too broad-minded and +generously interested in our welfare to stand upon professional +etiquette. Dr. Scholtz accepted the post of medical attendant on the +journey up-country, and one of the last faces which I saw at Cape Town +as our train drew out was that of Dr. Thomas, who had left a critical +case to hurry down in order to wish us God-speed. + +Jessie Rose Innes had come too, wild night though it was. Under her +tweed cape she had brought from her home at Rondebosch a basket filled +with food--fresh butter, chicken jelly, extract of coffee, and a +home-made cake for 'Jacky boy.' Dear heart of gold! there was no need +of words between us that sorrowful night. + +Trotting along beside the slowly-moving train, Sir James Sivewright +held my hands thrust through the open window. + +'When the worst comes, you'll do all you can to help us, Sir James?' I +asked. + +'Indeed I will,' was the hearty response. + +The trip was a wearisome one. The weather was hot, and there was much +dust. Little Jack was the leaven of our heavy days, and a sweet +letter, tucked away in a safe place, from the boy in England, wrung +and cheered my aching heart. It bade us to 'brace up.' He had heard +all about the troubles, and was glad his father was not idle when men +were needed. His house had won the football match. There were only a +few more weeks to wait, and we would all be together again! Fate +carried a smile in her pocket for me so long as that boy kept well! + +At night we reached Vereenigen, on the border of the Transvaal. We +were delayed there two hours (120 minutes, 7,200 seconds) while the +Custom House officials examined the luggage. Faint and exhausted, my +husband lay on the seat before me. I sat at the open window +waiting--waiting with every nerve strained and a fearful rushing sound +in my ears, for the possible attack of excited Boers or a stray shot +from some fanatic's rifle. Jacky, trying to clamber over my lap, would +whimper under the fierce clutch of my fingers as I dragged him down +from the window. + +As is usual, the passengers' names had been telegraphed ahead, and a +crowd of Boers had gathered at the station to see the man who had come +back to get his sentence. They were a wild, uncouth-looking crowd +from the adjacent farms. I could hear them ask, 'Where is he?' 'In +there,' another would answer, pointing with his thumb over his +shoulder to our compartment. In threes and fours they would shuffle +into our car and gaze with dull, stupid curiosity upon the prostrate +man, as sheep gaze at a dead member of the flock. Dr. Scholtz, +keen-eyed and watchful, stood on guard in the doorway. Platinum would +have melted under the courteous warmth of his manner to the officials. + +Our train at last under way, I found some one had thrust a bunch of +fresh grapes into my little boy's hand. + +Nearing Johannesburg Dr. Scholtz came to me: 'Your husband is +exhausted. I think it best for him to pass the night at his home, +going to Pretoria on the mid-day train to-morrow.' + +It was well we did this, for between Johannesburg and Pretoria this +train met with one of the collisions so frequent on the Netherlands +Railway. Only the engineer and a brakeman were killed, but the shock +would certainly have been most disastrous to us. + +SUNDAY, NOON, APRIL 26.--My husband with Dr. Scholtz started for +Pretoria. I was unable to leave my bed, but it was agreed that Betty +and I should follow on the early train of the morrow. + +The Reform trial which was begun on Friday, April 24, was resumed on +Monday. + +Repeated wires from Mr. Hammond and Dr. Scholtz prevailed upon me to +remain at my home to rest another day. 'It would probably be a long +trial.' + + + + +X + + +My husband reached Pretoria Sunday evening, April 26. The information +that we had received en route, regarding the pleas of guilty entered +by the imprisoned Reformers, was confirmed by his associates: the +other three leaders, Messrs. Rhodes, Farrar, and Phillips, had entered +a plea of guilty under count one of the indictment for high treason, +the fifty-nine Reformers entering a like plea of guilty under the +count of lese-majesté. As conjectured by us when we heard of this +action of the Reformers, the prisoners had received certain assurances +before making such pleas: + +_First_.--That they should not be tried under the comparatively +obsolete Roman Dutch Law, which punished the crime of treason with +death; but they would be tried and punished under, and in accordance +with, the code laws of the Transvaal Republic, which imposed penalties +of fine and imprisonment for the crime charged in the indictment. + +_Second_.--The leaders were further assured that this action on their +part would measurably mitigate the sentences of the other fifty-nine +Reformers. + +On Monday, the 27th, the Court reconvened in the market hall, the +_imported_ Judge Gregorowsky occupying the bench. + +Mr. Hammond took his place with the three leaders, attended by his +physician, Dr. Scholtz, who remained at his side during the entire +trial. + +After some preliminary matters were disposed of, Mr. Hammond, actuated +by the same influences that were brought to bear on his associates, +entered a plea of guilty to count one of the indictment, and placed +his signature to the written statement which had been previously +signed by Messrs. Rhodes, Phillips, and Farrar. + +This written paper was in substance as follows:-- + + That for a number of years the Uitlanders had earnestly and + peacefully sought relief for their grievances by the + constitutional right of petition. That what they asked was + only what was conceded to new-comers by every other South + African Government. + + That petition after petition was placed before the + authorities--one bearing 40,000 signatures, asking + alleviation of their burdens and wrongs; that they could + never obtain a hearing, and that the provisions of law + already deemed obnoxious and unfair were being made more + stringent; and, realising that they would never be accorded + the rights they were entitled to receive, it was determined + to make a demonstration of force in support of their just + demands. + + The statement then recites the coming of Jameson against + their express commands and understanding with him, and all + the subsequent acts of the Transvaal Government, the High + Commissioner, and De Wet, Her Majesty's Agent, which are + now matters of history. + +The paper concluded as follows:-- + + 'We admit responsibility for the action taken by us. We + practically avowed it at the time of the negotiations with + the Government, when we were informed that the services of + the High Commissioner had been accepted with a view to a + peaceful settlement. + + 'We submit that we kept faith in every detail of the + arrangement. We did all that was humanly possible to protect + both the State and Dr. Jameson from the consequences of his + action; that we have committed no breach of the law which + was not known to the Government at the time; and that the + earnest consideration of our grievances was promised. + + 'We can now only put the bare facts before the Court, and + submit to the judgment that may be passed upon us.' + +After the examination of several witnesses and the introduction of the +celebrated cipher telegrams, the Court was adjourned for the day. + +TUESDAY, THE 28TH.--There was a vast concourse gathered at the Market +Hall on this day of the trial. The chamber was crowded to its utmost +limit by anxious and interested listeners. Many ladies were present. + +His Lordship (the imported Judge) was late in ascending the bench, +unnecessarily prolonging the suspense of the waiting crowd. + +The proceedings were commenced with every formality that could render +them impressive. A large number of armed men were stationed at the +entrance and about the Court-room. A prominent object in the +Court-room, one which immediately struck the eye of those entering, as +this was its first appearance during the trial, was a plain wooden +dock, low in front, high at the back, and large enough to hold four +men. + +As in the preliminary examination, the Court proceedings were +conducted in the Dutch language, an unfamiliar tongue to a majority +of the accused. + +After the despatch of some minor matters, Mr. Wessels, counsel for the +defence, made his address to the Court, closing by reading the written +statement of the four leaders, and asking the clemency of the Court. + +He made no reference or protest to the tribunal as constituted--a +Court presided over by a Judge _not a_ citizen of the country whose +sovereignty had been offended by the treasonable acts charged. + +Mr. Wessels was followed by the State Attorney, Dr. Coster, in a +bitter and vindictive speech. + +He demanded that the prisoners at the bar should be punished under the +_Roman Dutch Law_, and that the four leaders should receive the +_death_ penalty. + +This demand of the State Attorney was apparently a surprise to Mr. +Wessels, for he sprung to his feet in an excited manner and protested +most vigorously against the demand of Dr. Coster; his language and +manner were such as to impress many present that it was provoked by a +breach of good faith. + +At the conclusion of the speech of the State Attorney, Gregorowsky +(the imported Judge) summed up the case at length, and held that the +prisoners were guilty of high treason as charged in the indictment, +and that the Roman Dutch Law governed in such cases; and that the +sentences imposed would be in accordance therewith. + +The Sheriff then with a loud voice commanded silence whilst the +sentence of death was pronounced. + +A deep hush fell upon the Court-room--a profound, breathless silence +that became oppressive before the next official utterances disturbed +it. + +'Lionel Phillips, George Farrar, Francis Rhodes, John Hays Hammond!' +called the Registrar. + +In response these four were singled out from the rest of the prisoners +and conducted to the new dock. + +It was the Registrar who again spoke. + +'Lionel Phillips, have you any legal reasons to urge why sentence of +death should not be passed upon you, according to law?' + +'No,' was the response. + +This was followed by the sentence. + +In like manner, Farrar and Rhodes were interrogated and sentenced. + +Mr. Hammond was then called to his feet and the same formal question +asked. + +Although pale and weak from protracted illness, Mr. Hammond responded +in a firm voice to the Registrar's question. + +The Judge, then addressing the prisoner, said: 'John Hays Hammond, it +is my painful duty to pass sentence of death upon you. + +'I am only applying the punishment which is meted out and laid down +according to law, leaving it to his Honour the State President, and +the Executive Council, to show you any mercy which may lie in their +power. + +'May the magnanimity shown by his Honour the State President, and this +Government, to the whole world, during the recent painful events be +also shown to you. + +'I have nothing to do with that, however. + +'I can only say, that in any other country you would not have a claim +on their mercy. The sentence of the Court is, that you be taken from +this place where you are now, and be conveyed to the jail at Pretoria, +or any such other jail in this Republic as may be appointed by law, to +be kept there till a time and place of execution shall be appointed by +lawful authority, that you be taken to the place of execution to be +there hanged by the neck till you are dead. + +'May Almighty God have mercy on your soul!' + +Whilst the sentences were being passed upon the four leaders the +auditors were wrought up to the highest pitch; sobs were heard on +every side, tears were on many cheeks, and even stolid old Boers were +seen to weep. One man was carried from the room in a fit. + +The four Reform leaders, who had borne themselves during this trying +time in a brave and fearless manner, then stepped out of the dock +firmly and unhesitatingly, and were taken to the Pretoria jail. + +The other fifty-nine prisoners were then called to the bar and +sentenced each to pay a fine of ten thousand dollars, and to suffer +two years' imprisonment. + +Thus ended this remarkable trial, a judicial trial unprecedented in +the annals of jurisprudence. + +A mockery of justice and a travesty upon civilisation.[9] + + +FOOTNOTES: + +[Footnote 9: The foregoing regarding the trial and sentence of the +Reformers is from information derived from eye-witnesses and the local +Press.] + + + + +XI + + +By a strange providence Betty and I missed the early train. I had not +reckoned on the delay in dressing which sorrow and fatigue could +occasion. + +The paper had announced that the sentence was to be given at noon. +Though I had no intention of being present in the Court-room, I wished +to be within reach of my husband in case he should need me. We took +the local train which left Johannesburg at 10.30. + +Our journey came to an end. I saw Mr. Rose Innes and Dr. Scholtz on +the platform. + +'Is it the death sentence?' + +Mr. Rose Innes, with both hands on my shoulders to keep me from +falling, said 'Yes.' + +There were many other friends, I have since learned, who were there to +receive me. I have a hazy recollection of Mr. Barnato, good +kind-hearted 'Barney,' begging me 'not to fret'; that he had brought +my husband to Africa and he meant to stand by him till he got out of +Africa. Mrs. Clement and Betty remained beside me. The day was without +hours to me, a dry aching stretch of time; I had no tears to shed! + +At some time in the afternoon Mrs. Joel brought me a flower and a note +from my husband, beseeching me to keep up a brave heart, and assuring +me that he was all right and as comfortable as was possible under the +circumstances. + +After the death sentence had been pronounced and the Court dismissed, +Mrs. Joel, with woman's thoughtfulness, put a flask of brandy in her +pocket and started for the prison. In the confusion of receiving the +prisoners she managed to slip in and went at once to the condemned +cell. Her visit was a God-send to the four unhappy men, who were much +worn by months of anxiety, ill-health, and this final strain of the +death sentence. They were bearing up wonderfully well, she said. + +One of the lawyers came and sat at the end of my sofa. He burst into +tears. 'We've been played! we've been played!' he exclaimed, with +vehemence. Remembering how the lawyers for the Reformers had muddled +everything from the beginning of the trial, how they had +conscientiously and persistently walked into every trap laid for them, +I sat upright to look squarely into his face. 'My God! when haven't +you been played?' + +The effect of the death sentence on Johannesburg was extreme: all +shops and the Stock Exchange were closed, and the flags of the town +were placed at half mast. + +This, from the 'Standard and Diggers' News'--a tribute from the +enemy's paper--goes to my heart:-- + +'One respects the probity of the man who, dangerously ill and totally +unfit for the hardship of a prison, preferred to take his stand in the +dock, rather than sacrifice his self-respect by flight from Cape Town; +Mr. Hammond has worthily upheld the reputation of a nation which +claims its sons as men who "never run away."' + +It was decided by the Executive this same night to commute the death +sentence, but this was not communicated to the condemned men until the +following morning. The night of suspense passed under the eye of the +death watch with a dim light burning was a needless cruelty; it made +the President's subsequent magnanimity more dramatic, but with that I +naturally felt no sympathy. + +I have often been asked since if I did not realise that the Boers +would never have _dared_ execute my husband? And many dear friends who +were thousands of miles away assure me now that they never had a +moment's real apprehension for his safety. We however, who were in +Pretoria, at the time, a helpless handful in the power of a primitive +population of narrow experience, a people inflamed by long years of +racial feud and recent victory, were by no means so sure that all +would end well. Two prominent men, standing high in authority, +confessed to me later that they were most anxious and fearful of +results, although at the time their sustaining support helped to keep +my body and soul together. _The gallows was prepared, and the order +was to hang the four victims simultaneously_. + +The night following the sentence, Mr. Chapin, the U.S. Consul, and his +wife came to me. They were then and for months afterwards as tender +and faithful as people of my own kindred. Mr. Chapin was tireless in +his efforts in behalf of the Americans in trouble, and the high +personal regard in which he was held by the Boer, as well as +Uitlander, did much subsequently to ameliorate their circumstances. +Mr. Chapin at once interviewed Mr. Wessels, chief advocate for the +Reformers--and he told me immediately after the interview the result +of their meeting. Mr. Wessels distinctly said that, although it was +not put in writing, it was understood between the State Attorney and +himself 'as between man and man' that if the prisoners pleaded guilty +he would not press for severe punishment. (Mr. Wessels has since, for +reasons only known to himself, denied this both privately and +publicly.) + +APRIL 29.--The commutation was published. Mrs. George Farrar had come +from Johannesburg, and together we went to see our husbands. Our visit +was limited to five minutes. We found the four men haggard, but +apparently cheerful. The condemned cell had an earthen floor. It had +been newly whitewashed and reeked of antiseptics. Four canvas +stretchers, a tin pail filled with water, and a dipper, furnished it. +A negro murderer had been its last occupant. I sat on one of the +canvas cots with an arm around my husband and holding Colonel Rhodes' +hand. Mrs. Farrar was sitting on the opposite cot, locked in her +husband's embrace. The guard came to order us out. Poor Mrs. Farrar +looked so frail and white, I put my arm about her to give her support. +In the courtyard we stopped to speak to one of the Reformers. The +guard became furious, and, swinging his arms in a threatening manner, +rushed at us with curses. We were driven violently out of the yard +like depredating dogs. Surely the sun never looked upon two women in +sadder case. She was just up from her confinement, and I was far +advanced in pregnancy. + + + + +XII + + +No cable of political purport could be sent from Pretoria safe from +mutilation. I therefore despatched Mr. Hammond's secretary to Cape +Town with a message to the American press, reporting Mr. Wessels' plea +for the Reformers, the statement of the four leaders, and the +sentence. I did this, believing that, if the American public fully +understood the circumstances of the case, popular sympathy would allow +no stone to remain unturned to protect their unfortunate countryman +from so violent and unjust a sentence. + +Pretoria seethed with overwrought wives. In the prison the men were +suffering real hardship. The sanitary arrangements were shocking. +Twenty-two Reformers were crowded into a room thirty feet by ten. +This room had been hastily built of corrugated iron, and leaked at +every seam. Draughts were strong enough to blow the hair about their +temples; the men slept on straw mattresses laid on the floor, and +there was scarcely room enough for a man to get out of bed without +stepping on his neighbour. Rations of mealie pap--a coarse, insipid +porridge--with a hunk of hard, dark-coloured bread were given to each +prisoner in tin pannikins--not particularly clean. At mid-day a little +greasy soup and soup meat were added. This unsavoury fare caused many +of the Reformers to go hungry rather than eat it. Others ate it, but +their stomach afterwards rejected it. They were locked in the cells at +5 o'clock and without lights. Prison regulations were most strict at +this period. + +Mr. S., one of the Reformers, had the misfortune to have his teeth +drawn a short while before the trial. A new set was completed the day +after his incarceration, and although his friends used every effort +to convince the jailers of the perfect harmlessness of these false +teeth, and explained Mr. S.'s painful predicament in being without +them when he had nothing but hard food to chew, they insisted upon +considering them contraband, and would not allow them to pass. Poor +Mr. S. lived for three days on a half-tin of condensed milk, smuggled +in by the wife of a fellow-prisoner. The world has never seen such +wholesale smuggling as was practised by these devoted women. Mrs. +Solly Joel as she passed daily through the prison gate was a complete +buttery. The crown of her hat was filled with cigars; suspended from +her waist, under her dainty summer silk skirt, hung a bottle of cream. +Tied to her back by way of a bustle was a brace of duck, or a roasted +fowl wrapped neatly in linen. She said this gave her a slightly +out-of-date appearance, but she did not mind that. Under her cape Mrs. +Clement wore a good-sized Bologna sausage around her waist as a belt; +this was in time adroitly removed by Mr. Clement. Another lady +supplied the prisoners with tins of sardines and beef essence, which +she carried concealed in her stockings. Occasional vagaries on the +part of these affectionate wives were subsequently explained to the +complete satisfaction of their captive lords. Mrs. Butters' coyness +and refusal to be embraced because of the flask of coffee in her bosom +is an instance of this. All this sounds very funny now, but it was +desperately earnest work then. In time the stringent rules relaxed. +The prisoners were allowed to buy their own food, and Mr. Advocate +Sauer made the same arrangement with the Pretoria Club to supply food +for the Reformers as had been done during their former imprisonment. +Those were boom times for little Pretoria. Hotel-keepers and tradesmen +coined money, and the cab-drivers were able to open an account with +the bank. + +Mrs. Lionel Phillips closed up her beautiful home in Johannesburg, +sent her babies to her people at the Cape, and took permanent lodgings +in Pretoria. She was most faithful in her visits to the prison, and +was kind to the three room-mates of her husband in many ways. + + + + +XIII + + +My diary continues through May: + +FIRST WEEK.--Petitions in favour of the Reformers are being signed all +over the country. All feeling against the Reform Committee has veered +round, and the strongest sympathy is now felt for them. Only the +extreme of the Boer and Hollander factions chant the old story of +their trying to subvert the Government--conniving with Jameson, and +then deserting him, &c., &c. + +Landdrost Schutte and Captain Shields quarrel over who shall have +charge of the jail. Apparently it is an appointment of honour, or +large emolument. + +Gregorowski is publicly hooted on his return to Bloemfontein. I hear +that as soon as Gregorowski had pronounced the death sentence, Judge +Morice dashed from the Court-room and ran hatless through the streets +of Pretoria to withdraw Gregorowski's name, which had been put up at +the Club, at his request. This is a sample of the feeling among +honourable men. Judge Morice is a Burgher and a prominent Judge of the +Transvaal Court. The Jury of Burghers called for the final trial, +which was never empanelled, were greatly surprised and affected by the +fearful sentence--some of them wept like children. And they were the +first to draw up a petition for commutation. + +Prisoners are still wearing their own clothes, although it is said +that enough jumpers of prison sacking are waiting to breech the lot. +They suffer severely from cold and dampness, the prison accommodations +offering little or no protection from the weather. Many of them are +ill. There is talk of separating the Reformers and sending them to +jail in various districts--Barberton, Rustenburg, and Lydenburg. This +threat causes much apprehension, for their one solace is being +together. + +Rumour of English troops gathering on the Border. + +President Kruger and the High Commissioner exchanging opinion over the +uneasiness. Kruger calls out, 'I see Bugaboos in your front yard,' and +Sir Hercules responds, 'Oh no; that's our tame cat.' + +Petitions come in from the country districts of the Transvaal. From +Durban and Pietermaritzburg, with over a thousand signatures, from +Lorenço Marques, a second from Durban, and one from the Orange Free +State, expressing sympathy and the hopes of President Steyn. + +Natal sends a petition signed by 4,000 Burghers. + +The sentences are commuted, but nobody knows to what. + +General Joubert is sent off with a ten days' leave of absence to take +his annual bath. + +Messrs. Rose Lines and Solomon visit the jail daily. + +SECOND WEEK.--In spite of hardships my dear husband's health improves. +He vows the death sentence has cured him. From day to day we are +promised a final decision from the Executive, but matters are still +drifting. Nothing will probably be done in this direction until +General Joubert returns to Pretoria, as he is one of the members of +the Executive Council. It is suggested to me by one of the Government +circle that a visit from me to Mr. Kruger would be timely. All which I +wished to say I would not be allowed to say, and just to pay an +aimless visit seemed a foolish thing to do, and, being outspoken, I +said so. A friend in whom I had implicit confidence advised me to go +by all means. I was possibly being used as a political pivot. After +some delay I did go, splattering through the mud in a wheezy old cab +behind a splayfooted white horse driven by a hunchbacked negro boy. +The interview lasted five minutes, and was perfectly meaningless. I +suppose it was meant to be that. Ten fathoms down under many other +things I could see that Kruger had strong heart qualities. Educated +and morally matured, he would be one of those grand characters who +make epochs in the world's history. We shook hands at parting and went +out of each other's lives for ever. + +Mr. G. told me, as he helped me into the cab at the door, that Mr. +Kruger had received a cable from America in my husband's behalf, +signed by the Vice-President and a large number of the Senate and +House of Representatives. This information opened my eyes. I now saw +why a visit from me would be 'timely.' + +Within an hour news was cabled by _some one_ to all parts of the +civilised world that the wife of the American prisoner, John Hays +Hammond, had received audience of the President of the Transvaal. 'The +interview was of long duration. What transpired was of a private +character, but it is believed to be very hopeful and satisfactory.' + +THIRD WEEK.--Delays, shiftings, postponements, delays with excuses, +and delays without excuses. Each day strong petitions sent in to the +Executive. A continual stream of disheartened wives and friends on +their way to the Presidency, many going in the early dawn, as the +President--an early riser and of simple habit--was known then to be +easy of access. A pitiful picture lingers in my mind of a dozen +Reformers' wives in the deep golden yellow of an African sunrise +sitting on the edge of the broad side-walk with their feet in the dust +waiting for the President to return from burying a Landdrost's wife. I +cannot remember that Mr. Kruger made any specific promises. 'All shall +come right,' he said frequently. 'Wait; don't hurry me. I must go +slow, or my Burghers will get out of hand.' We waited, and the men +inside of the prison walls one after another sickened and lost heart. + +On May 12, Dr. Messum sent the following report in to the Landdrost:-- + +Dear Sir,--I have, on the 29th and 30th April, written to the +Inspector of Jails about the state of the jail. I do not know if I am +to report to you or to the Inspector of Jails; in any case, I have the +honour again to report that as yet no alteration has been made in the +sheds in which the political prisoners are kept. I must repeat again +that they are too small and unhealthy for the number of prisoners +placed in them. I find now, on account of their immediate vicinity to +the native section, that vermin is beginning to trouble the political +prisoners. There are amongst the political prisoners very old and +sickly men, whose lives, on account of the insufficient accommodation, +are placed in danger. There is not yet any proper hospital room for +the sick, who are thus obliged to remain amongst the others. I find +that the accommodation is very insanitary and unhealthy. + +About the prisoner F. Gray I wish to make special mention, because he +is showing signs of developing melancholia (lunacy), caused by the +uncertainty of the future and what he has gone through during the last +few months. + +I also fear that he later on will develop suicidal tendencies. I would +recommend that his sentence should be taken into immediate +consideration, and to discharge him at once from the jail. + + I have the honour to be, etc., + GORDON MESSUM, M.D., + _District Surgeon_. + +Unfortunately this report was not considered, and on the 16th day of +May poor Gray, distraught by his sufferings, cut his throat. + +Mr. Fred Gray was a man of high business standing. He was married, and +the father of six children. His tragic death was a shock to every one. +Johannesburg turned out in a body ten thousand strong to carry his +remains to the burial-place. Inside the jail, his fellow prisoners had +formed in procession and with uncovered heads followed the body as far +as the prison gates, the limit of their freedom, not a man with dry +eyes. + +_The first prisoner was liberated_. + +FOURTH WEEK.--The decision still withheld. President Kruger excuses +this by saying it is due to the fact that only half the captive +Randites have signed the petition for commuting the banishment and +imprisonment clauses to fines. + +The suspense is heartbreaking, and night brings no forgetfulness. +Those long voiceless nights of South Africa! Not a bird's call, nor a +chirp from the tiny creatures which hide in the grass. A white moon, a +wide heaven filled with strange stars, and the tall moon-flowers at +the gate lifting up their mute white trumpets to the night wind. + +The little boy beside me rouses from his sleep to ask:--'Mother dear, +why do you laugh and shake the bed so?' + +Fearing an illness, I yearned for a last interview with my husband. It +was a Saturday that I went to Pretoria, and although the prison was +supposed to be closed on that day to visitors, I had several times +gained admittance through the kindness of those in authority. I went +to the Landdrost who had the dispensing of permits. + +'Will you please make an exception in my favour and allow me to see my +husband? I am ill, and must return to my home in Johannesburg at +once.' + +'What does she say?' roared the Landdrost, who for some reason was in +a furious temper. He turned to a Boer in the room. 'Tell her she may +whine as much as she pleases, she can't see her husband on Saturday. +_Nobody_ can go in the prison on Saturday. If she wants to see her +husband she must wait until next Monday!' The man turned fiercely +towards me, but seeing my patient face, or perhaps for the sake of +some Boer woman on a distant farm, his voice broke, and became quite +gentle as he delivered the message. + +With one exception this was the only time I ever received harsh +treatment from a Boer official. Of course I sometimes met with a +_strictness of manner_ which was to be expected, and which I was quite +prepared to submit to. Brutal unkindness I never experienced but +twice. + +Reaching the jail, whither I had directed the cabman to drive me, I +found Advocate Sauer and Mr. Du Plessis standing at the gate. They +almost dropped at sight of my face. Dignity had deserted me. I was +actually howling in my distress, + +'Please, _please_ let me in to my husband!' + +Du Plessis, rough and violent as he was to most people, was always +kind to me. He opened the wicket and pushed me gently through. That +was his answer. My sudden entrance, a ball of a woman with the tears +dripping down on to her breast, surprised the warders. They regarded +me with stricken faces. One at last rallied. With his eyes still +fastened upon me, he called, + +'Mister H-a-m-mond, Mister H-a-m-mond, your missis is here!' and my +husband came rapidly across the yard. + +I went home to my bed. Dr. Murray came in charge. + +'Poor little woman! There is nothing to prescribe but oblivion in a +case like this.' He ordered narcotics. Two weeks later I was told that +I had been dangerously ill. In that darkened room I had suspected my +jeopardy. Surely there is a special place in heaven for mothers who +die unwillingly. + +From distant parts of the world kind letters came to me--and from +Johannesburg messages, sweet, with full-hearted sympathy--many of +these from people whom I had never seen, nor ever shall in this life. +I found friends in the days of my trouble, as precious as rare jewels, +whom I shall wear on my heart until it stops its beating. + +The Government most generously allowed my husband to come to my +bedside. He was accompanied by the chief jailer, Du Plessis. He wore +some violets in his buttonhole, I remember, which the jailer's child +had given him. Mr. Du Plessis asked to see me. He had news to tell me +which would cheer me up, he said. Brought to my bedside, all he could +say, and he said it over and over again in his embarrassment, was: + +'Don't be unhappy; your husband won't be many years in prison.' + +This did not bring the cheer intended. Playing the part of guest was +irksome to Du Plessis. He went home to Pretoria the second +day--leaving Mr. Hammond, who was not on parole, or even under bail, +entirely free. No point in my husband's career has ever given me so +entire a sense of gratification as the confidence in his honour thus +manifested by the Boer Government. In my convalescence he returned to +Pretoria and gave himself up at the prison. + +'You might have waited another day,' said the warder in charge; 'we +don't need you yet.' + + + + +XIV + + +One day the 'Star' (in a third edition) announced the great decision +was at last concluded. The sixty-three Reformers were to be divided +into four groups and sentenced in lots. Ten were to be liberated +because of ill-health. Some were to be imprisoned twelve months, +others five, and still others three months. The four leaders were +sentenced to fifteen years' imprisonment, which, if carried out, was +equivalent to death. However, this sentence was provisional, and it +was understood petitions would be entertained. + +This news was first taken into the jail by two wives who had outrun +the messenger. My husband says that when he saw Mrs. X. throw herself +weeping and speechless into her husband's arms, he thought 'it was all +up with him.' + +X. wasn't half the offender he was, and the sentence was evidently +something too dreadful to tell. Mr. X. was one of the three months' +men, I believe. + +These sentences, although unpopular, relieved to a certain extent the +awful strain. But what was Johannesburg's wrath to hear two days later +that the sentences were not for the periods mentioned, _but that at +the expiration of these periods the prisoners could make fresh +applications to be again considered!_ This was juggling with human +souls! Everybody believed it to be the work of Dr. Leyds. A man more +execrated than Dr. Leyds, I believe, does not live! + +Three more weeks of cruel suspense followed. + +Mr. Chamberlain continued to tumble down the Boer back stairs head +over heels, yelling out excuses as he descended. He publicly denied on +the 29th that Great Britain had promised to protect the Reformers, +and added that they were not being unfairly treated. I will never make +statesmen of my sons. I'd rather set them to ploughing. + +Mark Twain came to the Rand. He visited the men at Pretoria. My +husband did the honours of the prison, and introduced him to the +Reformers. He talked a long while to them, sitting on a dry goods box. +Expressed his satisfaction at finding only one journalist in the +crowd, and no surprise that the lawyers were largely represented. He +assured them that they were to be congratulated and envied, although +they did not know it. There was no place one was so safe from +interruption as in a jail. He recalled to their minds Cervantes and +Columbus--it was an honour to share captivity with such men as these. + +They have sent another member of the Executive away to the baths, and +later his absence will be given as an excuse for delay. + +MAY 30.--All the Reformers with the exception of Davies and Sampson, +and the four leaders, are released after paying ten thousand dollars +each, and giving their oath to abstain in future from discussing or +participating in Transvaal politics. + + +JUNE.--Meetings are called by the labourers on the Rand. They send a +monster petition to Pretoria. The miners and mechanics also send a +petition. The famous Innes petition is being circulated all over South +Africa, and the mayors of all the large towns are preparing to go in a +body to Pretoria to present their petitions for the release of the +leaders. The President promises and postpones from day to day. The +retention of the leaders is acknowledged to be only a question of the +amount of fine. + +An influential deputation from the Cape Town branch of the Africander +Bond wait upon President Kruger, and a petition signed by sixty +members of the Cape Parliament is read to him. Another deputation +comes from the Chamber of Commerce. The Mayor of Durban forwards +through the Colonial Secretary a petition bearing 1,250 names, and the +Kimberley branch of the Bond send a petition. Nothing comes of it all. +The President appoints the 7th to be a day of humiliation and prayer, +and Dr. Leyds doubles his bodyguard. + +JUNE 10.--The whole of South Africa is appealing to President Kruger +to let the leaders free. The entire white population--two millions of +people--give voice to this desire and hope of United South Africa. One +hundred and fifty mayors, representing 200 towns and many of the rural +districts, are in Pretoria waiting for audience with the Executive +Council. + +This evening, Thursday, June 11, the leaders were given their liberty +after paying each a fine of 125,000 dollars, and taking an oath to +abstain from taking part in the politics of the Transvaal. Colonel +Rhodes refused, being an English officer, to take the oath, and was +banished, not to appear again in the Transvaal, under pain of death. + +The Executive then politely announced its decision to receive the +Mayoral delegates on _Saturday morning_ next. Perhaps the Mayors were +not mad! Some of these men had trekked for days in ox-wagons before +reaching the railroad to take train for Pretoria. A large banquet was +given in their honour. They insisted upon the liberated leaders being +invited as guests--but those criminals, leaders, and instigators did +not attend, deeming it injudicious under the circumstances. + +My husband flew to me, who am still kept indoors. He came with a light +in his face I had not seen for months. 'We are free!' + +JUNE 12.--This is a gala day in Johannesburg. Everybody is +joyous--Kruger's name is cheered everywhere. Several thousand people +were at the station to receive the leaders. Messrs. Phillips and +Farrar were the only two left of the four to step off the train. They +were caught up shoulder-high and carried by the crowd. Cheers rent the +air. The horses were unyoked from their victoria, and willing hands +grasped the shafts; and like returning conquerors, instead of +criminals, these instigators were dragged triumphantly down the heart +of the town followed by a vociferous multitude. + +As the invited guests of Cape Colony we travelled on a special train +to Cape Town--by 'we,' I mean a dozen or two Reformers with their +families. The heartfelt ringing cheers as we pulled out of the station +I can never forget. The cheers again at Bloemfontein and the strangers +who came forward to shake hands and congratulate have enriched my +life. One man at a way station in the Free State rode up shouting: + +'Where is the American, John Hays Hammond?' My husband came forward. +'Mr. Hammond, I have come miles from an ostrich farm to shake hands +with you. You are a white man, and Americans are proud of you!' + +The Mayor of Cape Town received us, and dear friends were there to +tell us with brimming eyes of their joy in our release. + + + + +XV + + +Those good people who have followed me thus far will see that a +woman's part in a revolution is a very poor part to play. There is +little hazard and no glory in it. + +The day we made Southampton, as we stood, a number of Reformers and +Reformers' wives, on the 'Norham's' deck, one of the gentlemen who had +come to welcome us asked: + +'Mrs. Hammond, what did _you_ do in the revolution?' + +'She helped us bear our trouble,' said Lionel Phillips, and his words +were sweet praise to my ears. + +A few weeks later, in my lovely English home, a third son was born to +us. There was something very appropriate in this child of war-times +being first consigned to the professional arms of a Miss Gunn. + +'He is perfect,' were his father's first words to me as he leaned over +the new-born infant, and every mother will know all that meant to me. + + + Printed by + Spottiswoode and Co., New-Street Square + London + + + + + + + MESSRS. LONGMANS, GREEN, & CO.'S + CLASSIFIED CATALOGUE + OF + WORKS IN GENERAL LITERATURE + +History, Politics, Polity, Political Memoirs, &c. + + +Abbott.--A HISTORY OF GREECE. By EVELYN ABBOTT, M.A., LL.D. Part + I.--From the Earliest Times to the Ionian Revolt. Crown 8vo., 10s. + 6d. Part II.--500-445 B.C. Cr. 8vo., 10s. 6d. + +Acland and Ransome.--A HANDBOOK IN OUTLINE OF THE POLITICAL HISTORY + OF ENGLAND TO 1894. Chronologically Arranged. By A.H. DYKE ACLAND, + M.P., and CYRIL RANSOME, M.A. Crown 8vo., 6s. + +ANNUAL REGISTER (THE). 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You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at <a href = "https://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></pre> +<p>Title: A Woman's Part in a Revolution</p> +<p>Author: Natalie Harris Hammond</p> +<p>Release Date: February 19, 2005 [eBook #15109]</p> +<p>Language: English</p> +<p>Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1</p> +<p>***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK A WOMAN'S PART IN A REVOLUTION***</p> +<br /><br /><h4 class="pg">E-text prepared by Michael Ciesielski, Jeannie Howse,<br /> +and the Project Gutenberg Online Distributed Proofreading Team<br /> +(https://www.pgdp.net)</h4><br /><br /> +<hr class="full" /> +<br /> +<br /> +<br /> +<br /> +<br /> + +<h1>A WOMAN'S PART IN</h1> +<h1>A REVOLUTION</h1> + +<h3>BY</h3> + +<h2>MRS. JOHN HAYS HAMMOND</h2> + +<div> +<br /> +<br /> +<br /> +<br /> +<br /> +<br /> +<br /> +<br /> +<br /> +<br /> +</div> + +<h6 class="sc2">Longmans, Green, And Co.<br /> +39 Paternoster Row London<br /> +New York And Bombay<br /> +1897</h6> + +<br /> +<hr /> +<br /> + +<h3>PREFACE</h3> +<br /> + +<p>To the American Public, whose sympathy was my chief support through +days of bitter trial, this book is gratefully dedicated. My personal +experience forms the subject of my story. The causes of the Revolt in +Johannesburg, and the ensuing political questions, are but lightly +touched upon, in deference to the silence enforced upon my husband as +one of the terms of his liberation by the Boer Government.</p> + +<div> +<span style="margin-left: 35em;" class="sc">Natalie Hammond.</span><br /> +<br /> +<span style="margin-left: 1em;" class="sc">Boughton: Bickley, Kent.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 3em;"><i>February</i>, 1897.</span><br /> +</div> + +<br /> +<br /> +<br /> +<br /> +<hr /> +<br /> + +<a name="I"></a><h2><a name="Page_1"></a>A WOMAN'S PART IN A REVOLUTION</h2> + +<br /> +<hr style="width: 10%; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 1em;" /> +<div style="margin-left: 20%; margin-right: 20%;"> +<blockquote><p class="noin">I hope I may be able to tell the truth always, and to see it + aright according to the eyes which God Almighty gives + me.—<span class="sc">Thackeray</span>.</p></blockquote> +</div> + +<h3>I.</h3> +<br /> + +<p>Totsey the terrier lay blinking in the hot African sun, while Cecilia +Rhodes, the house kitten, languished in a cigar box wrapped about with +twine to represent bars of iron. Above her meek face was a large label +marked 'African Lion.' Her captor, my young son Jack, was out again +among the flower-beds in quest of other big game, armed with my +riding-crop. The canvas awnings flapped gently in the cool breeze. +Every now and then a fan-like arm of one <a name="Page_2"></a>of the large Madeira chairs +would catch the impetus and go speeding down the wide red-tiled +verandah. I looked up from the little garment which I was making, upon +this quiet picture. It was the last restful moment I was to know for +many long months—such months of suffering and agonised apprehension +as God in His mercy sends to few women.</p> + +<p>David, my husband's black coachman, drove rapidly through the gate, +and, coming up to me, handed me a letter. It was from his master and +briefly written. Jameson had crossed the Border; Johannesburg was +filled with strange people, and he thought it wise for me to move with +our family and servants into town. Rooms had been secured for us at +Heath's Hotel, and he would meet us that night at dinner. This summons +was not entirely unexpected. For many months the political kettle had +been simmering. Johannesburg had grown tired of sending petitions in +to the Government to be answered by promises which were <a name="Page_3"></a>never +redeemed. An appalling death-rate of fifty-six in each thousand, +directly traceable to lack of proper sanitation, resulting from bad +government, spurred the general discontent, and a number of +representative citizens, unwilling longer to wait upon gods and +Government, finding all attempts to obtain redress of their grievances +by constitutional means ineffectual, determined to enforce their +demands for right by arms if necessary. As arms for the Uitlander +under the law of the Transvaal could only be obtained by a permit, +guns and ammunition were smuggled into the country, hidden away in oil +tanks and coal cars.</p> + +<p>My husband had vast interests in his charge; many million pounds +sterling had been invested at his instance in the mining industry of +the country, and, actuated by a sense of duty and responsibility to +those who had confided in him, he felt in honour bound to take an +active part in the movement, for the protection and preservation of +the property placed under his control.</p> + +<p><a name="Page_4"></a>My leaving for the Cape, in case affairs should assume a dangerous +phase, was frequently discussed between us, but I could not make up my +mind to leave my husband, feeling that the separation would be more +trying than if I remained, even should a conflict be forced upon us. +In addition to my wish to be with him, I knew that many of his staff +had their wives and children in Johannesburg, and would be unable to +send them away, and for me, the wife of their chief, 'to bundle to the +rear' would subject my husband, as well as myself, to harsh, and not +unjust, criticism.</p> + +<p>The Leonard Manifesto was published December 26th, setting forth the +demands of the Uitlander.</p> + +<p>'We want,' it reads:</p> + +<div style="margin-left: 5%; margin-right: 5%;"> +<blockquote><p class="noin">'1. The establishment of this Republic as a true Republic.</p> + +<p class="noin">'2. A Grondwet or constitution which shall be framed by + competent persons selected by representatives of the whole + people, and framed on lines laid down by <a name="Page_5"></a>them; a + constitution which shall be safeguarded against hasty + alteration.</p> + +<p class="noin">'3. An equitable Franchise law and fair representation.</p> + +<p class="noin">'4. Equality of the Dutch and English languages.</p> + +<p class="noin">'5. Responsibility to the Legislature of the heads of the + great departments.</p> + +<p class="noin">'6. Removal of religious disabilities.</p> + +<p class="noin">'7. Independence of the Courts of Justice, with adequate and + secured remuneration of the judges.</p> + +<p class="noin">'8. Liberal and comprehensive education.</p> + +<p class="noin">'9. An efficient Civil Service, with adequate provision for + pay and pension.</p> + +<p class="noin">'10. Free Trade in South African products.'</p></blockquote> +</div> + +<p>It was further planned to hold another meeting of the 'National +Union,' and afterward make a last demand upon the Government to +redress our wrongs.</p> + +<p>Arrangement meanwhile was made with Dr. Jameson, who was encamped on +the <a name="Page_6"></a>western border of the Republic with a body of the Chartered +Company's troops. In case of a disturbance he was to come to the aid +of Johannesburg with at least a thousand men and 1,500 guns. It was +also distinctly understood between him and the five gentlemen who were +the recognised leaders of the movement, that he should not start until +he had received instructions to do so directly from them.</p> + +<p>I gathered my household about me, explained the situation, and gave +the servants their choice, whether they would go into town or remain +in the house. The four white servants decided to remain, but the +native boys begged leave to depart under various pretexts. One to get +his missis from Pretoria because he was afraid the Boers might kill +her. Another to tell his mother in Natal that he was all right. +Another frankly said, that as the white men were going to fight among +themselves, this was no place for Kaffirs.</p> + +<p>I arranged to leave Mr. Hammond's <a name="Page_7"></a>secretary in charge of the house. +We hastily packed up a few of our most precious belongings, and left, +to take possession of four tiny rooms at the hotel in town. With a +full heart I looked back at my pretty home. The afternoon shadows were +beginning to lengthen; I saw the broad verandah, the long easy chairs +suggestive of rest; my books on the sill of the low bedroom window; +the quiet flower garden, sweet with old-fashioned posies associated +with peace and thrift. We were going to—<span class="sc">What</span>?</p> + +<br /> +<br /> +<br /> +<br /> +<hr /> +<br /> + +<a name="II"></a><h3><a name="Page_8"></a>II</h3> +<br /> + +<p>My diary carries the story on:—</p> + +<p><span class="sc">December</span> 30.—We find the town intensely excited, but there +is no disorder. Men are hurrying about in cabs and on foot with +determined-looking faces, but no other visible evidence of the day's +tragedy.</p> + +<p>My husband ran in to see how we were faring about 8 o'clock this +evening. I had not seen him since early morning. He told me that a +Reform Committee had been formed of the leading men of the city. Also +that the Americans had called a meeting in the course of the afternoon +to hear the results of a Special Deputation, consisting of Messrs. +Hennen Jennings and Perkins, to President Kruger. Mr. Jennings +reported the President as having listened to them attentively while +they conveyed to him what <a name="Page_9"></a>they believed to be the sentiment of the +Americans on the Rand. They assured him that, although the Americans +recognised the rights of the Boers as well as those of the Uitlanders, +unless he could in some way meet the demand of the unenfranchised +people of the Transvaal he could not expect their support when the +revolution came. They also told him that the Americans wanted to see +the Republic preserved, but on a truer basis. And when questioned by +the President if in case of rebellion the Americans would be with or +against the Government, they answered bluntly, 'They would be against +the Government.'</p> + +<p>President Kruger dogmatically declared 'this was no time for +discussion, but a time for the people to obey the law,' and with this +they were dismissed.</p> + +<p>A Committee of three is appointed to visit Pretoria to-morrow and +again lay before the President a statement of the demands of the +Uitlanders, the attitude of the Americans and their wish to preserve +the <a name="Page_10"></a>integrity of the Republic, but also to warn him that, if the +Government insists upon ignoring these just demands, and thus +precipitates war, the Americans must array themselves on the side of +the other Uitlanders.</p> + +<p>A large mass meeting is called to receive these gentlemen on their +return from Pretoria and to decide upon the Americans' future course +of action.</p> + +<p>The mail train to Cape Town was crowded with hundreds of +terror-stricken women and children sent away by anxious husbands to a +place of safety. The ordinary accommodation was far too inadequate to +supply the sudden rush. They were crowded like sheep on cattle trucks. +I fear the journey of a thousand miles will be one of great +discomfort.<a name="FNanchor_1_1"></a><a href="#Footnote_1_1"><sup>[1]</sup></a></p> + +<p><a name="Page_11"></a>There are many anxious souls in Johannesburg to-night.</p> + +<p>Betty and I are sitting up. The night is sultry, and we have dragged +our chairs out on to the verandah which overhangs the street.</p> + +<p><span class="sc">Midnight</span>.—The town has quieted down. Once a wild horseman +clattered down the street towards the 'Gold Fields' shouting, 'A +despatch, men! a despatch. We've licked the Dutchmen!' A few heads +peered out of windows—but that was all.</p> + +<p><span class="sc">December</span> 31.—My husband came in at 4 o'clock this morning, +looking very tired. He was on the point of going to bed, when a +messenger came from the 'Gold Fields' and hurried him away.</p> + +<p>The streets are alive at a very early hour, and the excitement +increases. The Reform Committee sits in perpetual session in the +offices of the 'Gold Fields.' They are appointing sub-committees for +the safeguard and comfort of the town; 51,000<i>l.</i> for the relief of +the poor has already been <a name="Page_12"></a>raised. Messengers are sent out to call in +all the women and children from the mines. Arrangements are being made +for the housing and feeding of these. Nothing is forgotten, and +everything goes on with the utmost method and precision. It is like a +great, splendid piece of machinery.</p> + +<p>The merchants have sent up a deputation to try to bring the President +to reason. He has temporarily removed the dues from food stuffs as a +result of the interview. The Government has prohibited all telegraphic +communication. <i>We are cut off from the world</i>.</p> + +<p>The Reform Committee repudiates Dr. Jameson's inroad, but publishes +its intention to adhere to the National Union Manifesto, and +'earnestly desires that the inhabitants should refrain from taking any +action which can be construed as an overt act of hostility against the +Government.' A certain tone of security and dignity pervades all the +notices of the Reform Committee. The town is sure of success.</p> + +<p><a name="Page_13"></a>In order to silence rumours in regard to the hoisting of the English +flag, Mr. Hammond after some difficulty secured a flag of the +Transvaal, and took it into the committee room this morning. The +entire body of men swore allegiance with uncovered heads and upraised +hands. The flag now floats from the roof of the 'Gold Fields.' The +merchants have closed their shops and battened up the windows with +thick boards and plates of corrugated iron. Boer police are withdrawn +from the town. Excitement at fever heat, but everything running +smoothly. No drunkenness nor rioting. The streets are filled with +earnest-looking men. Near the Court House arms are being distributed. +At another point horses are given over to the newly-enrolled +volunteers.</p> + +<p>4 <span class="sc">p.m.</span>—I have driven from one end of the town to the other, through +busy crowded streets, without seeing one disorderly person, or being +regarded a second time by one of the thousands of men filing solemnly +past <a name="Page_14"></a>my carriage. They would form into squads and march gravely to +their posts of duty. A splendid-looking set of men, ranging in age +from 25 to 35. Men from every walk in life, professional men, robust +miners, and pale clerks, some among the faces being very familiar. My +eyes filled when I thought of what the future might be bringing them. +At the hotel dinner Mrs. Dodd, Betty and I were the only women +present. The room was crowded with men who spoke excitedly of a +possible war and exchanged specimen cartridges across the table. I +hear that one thousand Lee-Metford rifles have been given out. The +town is now policed by Uitlanders under Trimble.</p> + +<p>The Americans have held another meeting. Five hundred men were +present, and with only five dissenting votes determined to stand by +the Manifesto. After this meeting, the George Washington Corps of 150 +members was formed.</p> + +<p>Following are the names of the various Brigades:—</p> + +<p><a name="Page_15"></a>Australian, Scotch, Africander, Cycle, Colonial, Natal, Irish, +Northumbrian, Cornish, and Bettington's Horse and the Ambulance Corps. +Most of the mines are closing down. Women and children are still +flying from the town. Alas! some men, too, who are heartily jeered by +the crowd at the railroad station.<a name="FNanchor_2_2"></a><a href="#Footnote_2_2"><sup>[2]</sup></a></p> + +<p>St. John's Ambulance Society is advertising for qualified nurses or +ladies willing to assist.</p> + +<p>Natives are in a state of great panic. One of the Kaffir servants in +the hotel gave me a tremendous shock this morning by rushing into my +room to fling himself at my feet, sobbing and imploring me not to +allow the Boers to kill him.</p> + +<p><span class="sc">Later</span>.—The sultry day has cooled down into a calm, moonlit +night.</p> + +<p><a name="Page_16"></a>This evening the Reform Committee received a deputation from the +Government consisting of Messrs. Marais and Malan; these gentlemen +showed their authority from the Government, and were duly accredited. +They are both progressive Boers and highly respected by the +Uitlanders. They stated that they had come with the olive branch, that +the Government had sent them to the Reform Committee to invite a +delegation of that Committee to meet in Pretoria a Commission of +Government officials, with the object of arranging an amicable +settlement of the political questions. They emphatically asserted that +the Government would meet the Reform Committee half-way—that the +Government was anxious to prevent bloodshed, &c. That they could +promise that the Government would redress the Uitlander grievances +upon the lines laid down in the Manifesto, but that of course all the +demands would not be conceded at once, and both sides must be willing +to compromise. The Reform Committee met to <a name="Page_17"></a>consider this proposal, +and after long discussion decided to send a deputation to Pretoria. +These gentlemen leave with Messrs. Malan and Marais on a special train +to-night for Pretoria.</p> + +<p>Johannesburg is quiet as ever was country town. The streets deserted. +Nothing to suggest a city girt around by a cordon of soldiers, and yet +such it is.</p> + +<p>At midnight my husband ran in for a moment to see how we had stood the +strain of the day.</p> + +<p>'Is the news from Jameson really true?' I asked, still hoping it was +rumour.</p> + +<p>'I am afraid so.'</p> + +<p>'And are those heavy wagons just going down the street carrying the +big guns to the outskirts?'</p> + +<p>'Yes. Good-night, dear.' He was gone.</p> +<br /> +<br /> + +<h5 class="sc">Footnotes:</h5> + +<div class="note"><p><a name="Footnote_1_1"></a><a href="#FNanchor_1_1">[1]</a> + The sufferings of this hapless crowd were acute. +Provisions were hard to obtain at the way stations. The water supply +gave out. A little child died of exposure, and the heart-broken mother +held the lifeless body twenty-four hours on her lap. There was no room +to lay it to one side. Another woman gave birth to an infant.</p></div> + +<div class="note"><p><a name="Footnote_2_2"></a><a href="#FNanchor_2_2">[2]</a> + The Cornish miners were politely presented at Kimberley +and other places en route with bunches of white feathers by the +howling mob. One Cornishman afterwards related that he was pulled out +at every station and made to fight. After the fourth mauling he turned +round and went back to Johannesburg, preferring to take his chances +with the Boers.</p></div> + +<br /> +<br /> +<br /> +<br /> +<hr /> +<br /> + +<a name="III"></a><h3><a name="Page_18"></a>III</h3> +<br /> + +<p><span class="sc">January</span> 1, 1896.—With the dawn of day I am out of bed and at +the window waiting for the cry of the newsboy.</p> + +<p>What will the New Year bring us?</p> + +<p>With nervous dread I opened the paper brought to my door. In large +headlines it told of disaster.</p> + +<p>The Natal train filled with refugee women and children has been +wrecked, with great loss of life. The papers say forty have been +killed outright, and many fearfully injured. Entire families have been +wiped out in some cases. Mr. —— has lost his wife, his sister, and +three little children. This is the result of a Boer concession. The +accident was caused by the Netherlands carriages being poorly built +and top-heavy. In rounding a curve they <a name="Page_19"></a>were swung off the +track—collapsed at once like card-houses, crushing and mangling the +helpless and crowded occupants.</p> + +<p>The deputation to Pretoria did not leave last night, as was expected. +They go this morning instead.</p> + +<p>My husband is greatly disturbed at the delay. He says time is all +important, and the Reform Committee's hands should not be tied while +the Boers gain time.</p> + +<p>Reports of Jameson's meeting the enemy have been amplified. Now it is +said that fifty of his men have been killed and three hundred Boers. +Sir John Willoughby is believed to be shot.</p> + +<p>I drove out to my home to reassure my women, Mr. Sharwood having +brought in word that the coachman Adams had almost caused a panic by +his garish tipsy account of 'what was going on in town,' and 'the many +risks he ran when taking the mistress out.'</p> + +<p>Parker was overjoyed to see me, and so was Totsey. I found all +staunch, and <a name="Page_20"></a>ready, not only to protect themselves, but to fight +anything, particularly the valiant Adams.</p> + +<p>On my way back to town I heard firing beyond the ridge east of us. +Some men at practice probably, but it gave me a wrench and detracted +from Adams's dignified bearing. More organising and drilling of +troops. I hear there is much suffering among them. The book-keeper, +clerks, and indoor men find the unaccustomed exposure and fatigue +trying in the extreme. But they are a plucky lot, and stand for hours +on guard in the scorching sun, and walk miles with their poor +blistered feet with pathetic cheerfulness; swooning in many cases at +their posts rather than give in; to a man, eager to fight.</p> + +<p>Betty and I began our daily visits to the women and children at the +Wanderers' and Tattersall's to-day. At the Wanderers' alone are nearly +three hundred. The wonderful provision made for their health and +comfort spoke well for the intelligence as <a name="Page_21"></a>well as heart of the +Reform Committee, and Mr. Lingham, an American, who has that especial +department in charge. We found the dancing-hall of the Wanderers' +converted into a huge dormitory, the supper-room into a sick ward, and +the skating-rink reserved for women newly confined—fright and +excitement having brought on many premature births. There is a matron +in charge of the sick, and a medical inspector, who comes twice a day +to visit the different wards. I overheard him soundly berate a mother +who kept her children too much indoors. The food was good, and there +was plenty of it. Fresh cow's milk was supplied to the children. I +noticed a large vessel of galvanised iron marked 'Boiled water for +drinking purposes.' The little children were romping and tumbling +about with great energy. The women were wonderfully patient, I +thought, and firm in their adherence to the cause. This in some cases +was but vaguely understood, but there was a general belief that there +was 'goin' to be <a name="Page_22"></a>some fighten,' which was sure to make us all better +off. I heard but one complaint, and that from a hulking slouch of a +man who had sneaked in from duty to take a nap on the foot of his sick +wife's pallet. He complained of the food, showing me the remains of +dainties given out to the sick woman, and <i>which he had helped her to +eat</i>. The woman looked up at me with haggard eyes: 'It ain't the +vittles, but the pain that's worrying me, ma'am.'</p> + +<p>A touching sight were the yelping dogs of every breed, family pets +tethered to the fence outside. All canteens are closed by order of the +Reform Committee as a precautionary measure, and where there was doubt +of these precautions being observed, the liquors were bought and +thrown away.</p> + +<p>Hundreds of varying rumours are afloat, which rush and swirl along +until lost in distorting eddies.</p> + +<p>This afternoon a horseman went through the town distributing a +Proclamation from <a name="Page_23"></a>the High Commissioner, Sir Hercules Robinson:—</p> + + +<div style="margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%;"> +<h4>PROCLAMATION BY</h4> + +<p class="noin"><i>His Excellency the Right Hon. Sir Hercules George Robinson, + Bart., Member of Her Majesty's Most Hon. Privy Council, + K.C.B., of the Most Distinguished Order of St. Michael and + St. George, Governor, Commander-in-Chief of Her Majesty's + Colony of the Cape of Good Hope in South Africa, and of the + Territories, Dependencies thereof, Governor of the Territory + of British Bechuanaland, and Her Majesty's Commissioner, + &c., &c</i>.</p> + +<p class="noin"> '<span class="sc">Whereas</span> it has come to my knowledge that certain + British subjects, said to be under the leadership of Dr. + Jameson, have violated the territory of the South African + Republic, and have cut telegraph wires, and done various + other illegal acts; and</p> + +<p class="noin"> '<span class="sc">Whereas</span> the South African Republic is a friendly + State in amity with Her Majesty's Government; and whereas it + is my desire to respect the independence of the said State:</p> + +<p class="noin"> <a name="Page_24"></a>'Now therefore I hereby command the said Dr. Jameson and all + persons accompanying him, to immediately retire from the + territory of the South African Republic, on pain of the + penalties attached to their illegal proceedings; and I do + further hereby call upon all British subjects in the South + African Republic to abstain from giving the said Dr. Jameson + any countenance or assistance in his armed violation of the + territory of a friendly State.</p> + +<p class="cen"> '<span class="sc">God Save The Queen</span>.</p> + +<p> 'Given under my hand and seal this 31st day of December, + 1895.</p> + +<span style="margin-left: 30em;" class="sc">'Hercules Robinson,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 32em">'High Commissioner.</span><br /> + +<p>'By command of His Excellency the High Commissioner.'</p> +</div> +<br /> + +<p>Johannesburg is dumfounded!</p> + +<p>The sixth edition of the 'Star' this evening says that Jameson is only +fifteen miles away, and that he has had a second <a name="Page_25"></a>encounter with the +Boers. The populace has recovered from the Proclamation, and their +wild enthusiasm can scarcely be restrained. They want to go out to +meet Jameson and bring him in with triumphal outcry. It is hard to be +only a 'she-thing' and stay in the house with a couple of limber-kneed +men, when such stirring happenings are abroad.</p> + +<p>11 <span class="sc">p.m.</span>—Mr. Lionel Phillips has just addressed the crowd collected +around the 'Gold Fields' waiting for news. He told them that the +Reform Committee Delegation—of which he was one—had been received +with courtesy by the Government Commission, the Chief Justice of the +Republic acting as chairman.</p> + +<p>They were assured that their proposals should be earnestly considered. +Mr. Phillips then explained what was wanted, and reiterated the Reform +Committee's determination to stand by the Manifesto. He also told the +Commission that the leaders of the Reform Committee had <a name="Page_26"></a>arranged with +Jameson to come to their assistance when necessary, but that +unfortunately he had come before required, probably through some +misunderstanding or false report. While the Reform Committee regretted +Jameson's precipitate action, they would stand by him. And as they had +no means of stopping him they offered to prove their good faith by +giving their own persons as hostages that Jameson should leave +Johannesburg peacefully if he were allowed to come in unmolested. This +offer was rejected by the Commission, but a list of the names of the +Reform Committee was asked for.<a name="FNanchor_3_3"></a><a href="#Footnote_3_3"><sup>[3]</sup></a></p> + +<p>As a result of this interview the Government decided to accept the +offer made by Her Majesty's High Commissioner to come to Pretoria to +settle differences and avoid bloodshed. An armistice was then agreed +upon pending the High Commissioner's arrival. Mr. Phillips was often +interrupted <a name="Page_27"></a>by the crowd, some with cheers and others hooting. One +voice called out, 'And how about Jameson?' Mr. Phillips answered, 'I +am instructed by the Reform Committee to state to you, as I did to the +Government, that we intend to stand by Jameson. Gentlemen, I now call +upon you to give three cheers for Dr. Jameson.' There was prolonged +and enthusiastic cheering.</p> + +<p>The Reform Committee has sent out J.J. Lace to escort a messenger from +the British Agent, who carries the Proclamation, and also to explain +the situation to Dr. Jameson.</p> + +<p>It is said that Lieutenant Eloff was captured by Jameson some miles +beyond Krugersdorp. Eloff declaring he had official orders to obstruct +his advance, Jameson expressed his determination to go on, but added +that he had no hostile intentions against the Government.</p> + +<p><span class="sc">January</span> 2.—Betty and I sat up all night. The excitement is +too intense to admit of hunger or fatigue. We know <a name="Page_28"></a>nothing beyond the +rumours of the street. Jameson is said to be at Langlaagte, fighting +his way into town, the Boers in hot pursuit.</p> + +<p>Mademoiselle has asked leave to go to the Convent to make her will.</p> + +<p>In the streets, private carriages, army wagons, Cape carts and +ambulances graze wheels. Every hour or two a fresh edition of the +'Star' is published; public excitement climbing these bulletins, like +steps on a stair. We sit a half-dozen women in the parlour at Heath's +Hotel. Two sisters weep silently in a corner. Their father is manager +of the 'George and May'; a battle has been fought there a couple of +hours ago. No later news has come to them. A physician, with a huge +red-cross badge around his arm, puts his head in at the door, and +tells his wife that he is going out with an ambulance to bring in the +wounded. At this we are whiter than before, if it were possible.</p> + +<p>Poor Mademoiselle returned an hour <a name="Page_29"></a>ago and was obliged to go to bed, +done up with the nervous tension.</p> + +<p>Jacky is loose on the community; in spite of energetic endeavours +(accompanied by the laying-on of hands in my case) his Aunt Betty and +I cannot restrain his activity. He is intimate with the frequenters of +the hotel bar, and on speaking terms with half the town. The day seems +endless.</p> + +<p>Things have gone so far, men want the issue settled, and perhaps the +irresponsible are eager for a little blood-letting; there are certain +primitive instincts which are latent in us all, and the thought of war +is stimulating.</p> + +<p>Mr. Lace returned this afternoon and reported that he had ridden +through the lines to Jameson. He had had very little speech with the +doctor, as the time was short, and the messenger bearing the +proclamation of the High Commissioner was also present. Jameson asked +where the troops were. Lace told him that he <a name="Page_30"></a>could not rely on any +assistance from the Uitlanders, as they were unprepared, and an +armistice had been declared between the Boer Government and the people +of Johannesburg.</p> + +<p><span class="sc">Later</span>.—News is brought of a battle fought at Doornkop this +forenoon, and <i>Jameson has surrendered</i>. Johannesburg has gone mad.</p> + +<p><span class="sc">Midnight</span>.—My husband has just come in, his face as white and +drawn as a death mask.</p> + +<p>We talked earnestly, and then I insisted upon his going to bed, and +for the first time in three days he drew off his clothes and lay down +to rest. The exhausted man now sleeps heavily; I sit beside him +writing by the spluttering candle. Now, while it is fresh in my mind, +I am trying to put down all that I have just heard from my husband.</p> + +<p>He told me the Reform Committee were greatly surprised when they +received the report of Mr. Lace, as Jameson had no right <a name="Page_31"></a>to expect +aid and succour from Johannesburg for the following reasons:—</p> + +<p><i>First</i>.—In answer to a telegram from Jameson, expressing +restlessness at the delay, my husband wired him on December 27 a +vigorous protest against his coming.</p> + +<p><i>Second</i>.—Strong and emphatic messages were taken by Major Heaney, +one of Jameson's own officers, to the same effect, also by Mr. Holden. +Major Heaney went by special train from Kimberley, and Mr. Holden on +horseback across country.</p> + +<p>These messages informed Dr. Jameson that the time had not arrived for +his coming; that the people of Johannesburg were without arms, and +that his coming would defeat the aim and purposes of the whole +movement; and, further, that he could not expect any aid or +co-operation from the people of Johannesburg.</p> + +<p>Notwithstanding all this, Jameson left Pitsani Sunday night, and the +first intimation which Johannesburg had of his advance <a name="Page_32"></a>was through +telegrams received Monday afternoon.</p> + +<p>The Reform Committee, thus informed of Jameson's coming, and knowing +that he was fully aware of their unarmed condition, believed that he +relied only on his own forces to reach Johannesburg; and the Committee +were assured by Major Heaney and Captain White (two of Jameson's +officers, the latter having two brothers with the invading force) that +no Boer force could stop him in his march; and this was confirmed by +one of Jameson's troopers, who came from him this morning of the +surrender, and reported that he was getting along well; that, although +his horses were tired, he would reach Johannesburg within a few hours, +and that he needed no assistance.</p> + +<p>The hope of the Committee was that, after receiving the proclamation +of the High Commissioner, Jameson would retrace his steps instead of +pushing on.</p> + +<p>Monday, when we first heard of his starting, there were only 1,000 +guns, and very <a name="Page_33"></a>little ammunition in the country, and these were +hidden away at the different mines. One thousand five hundred more +guns arrived next day. So desperate was the extremity, these guns were +smuggled in at great risk of being discovered by the Boer Custom House +officials, under a thin covering of coke on ordinary coal cars. But +for the bold courage of several men, who rushed the coke through, they +would have fallen into the hands of the Boers. The leaders had taken +as few men as was possible into their confidence, so as to reduce to a +minimum all liability of their plans being discovered by the +Government. They had made almost no organisation, and Jameson's sudden +oncoming placed them in a terrible position. To confess at this +juncture that the Reform Committee was short of guns would have +demoralised the people, and placed Johannesburg entirely at the mercy +of the Boers. These leaders played a losing game with splendid +courage. Realising that all would be lost if the true situation were +suspected, <a name="Page_34"></a>and feeling the fearful responsibility of their position, +they kept their counsel, and turned bold faces to the world, +continuing to treat with Government with the independence of +well-armed men, and men ready to fight.</p> + +<p>When the news of Jameson's surrender was confirmed this evening, the +surging crowd around the 'Gold Fields' became an excited and dangerous +mob. Pressing thickly together, in their frenzy, they began to mutter +threats against the Reform Committee, and demanded, 'Where is Jameson? +We thought you promised to stand by Jameson! Why didn't you give us +guns and let us go out to help Jameson?'</p> + +<p>Plans were made to blow up the 'Gold Fields' where the Reformers sat +in session. Several gentlemen of the Committee essayed to speak from +the windows, but were received with howls and curses from the stormy +tumult below. At last Mr. Samuel Jameson, brother to Dr. Jameson, made +himself heard:—</p> + +<p>'I beg you, for my brother's sake, to <a name="Page_35"></a>maintain a spirit of calm +restraint. We have done everything in our power for him, and used our +very best judgment. In face of the complicated circumstances, no other +course could have been taken.'</p> + +<p>It was as oil on the troubled waters.</p> + +<p class="sc">January 3.—</p> +<br /> + +<div style="margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%;"> +<p class="cen"><span class="sc">From The Reform Committee</span>.</p> + +<p>The Reform Committee issued the following notice at noon:—</p> + +<p>'<i>Resolved</i>: That in view of the declaration by the + Transvaal Government to Her Majesty's Agent that the + mediation of the High Commissioner has been accepted, and + that no hostile action will be taken against Johannesburg + pending the results of these negotiations, the Committee + emphatically direct that under no circumstances must any + hostile action be taken by the supporters of the Reform + Committee, and that in the event of aggressive action being + taken against them, a flag of truce be shown, and the + position explained.</p> + +<p><a name="Page_36"></a>'In order to avoid any possibility of collision, definite + orders have been given. The matter is now left with the + mediation of the High Commissioner, and any breach of the + peace in the meanwhile would be an act of bad faith.</p> + +<p>'By order of the Committee.'</p> +</div> + +<br /> + +<p>Deep and universal depression follows upon the great excitement. +Jameson and his men are prisoners of war in Pretoria. Armed Boer +troops encircle the town.</p> + +<p>One man said to me to-day: 'If we do get the franchise after losing +only thirty men, how much we will have gained and at how cheap a +price.'</p> + +<p>It was a man's view; birth and death could never mean so little to a +woman!</p> + +<p><span class="sc">January</span> 4.—The High Commissioner has arrived at Pretoria.</p> + +<p>They say poor Dr. Jameson is greatly dejected, and never speaks to a +soul.</p> + +<p><span class="sc">January</span> 5.—This beautiful Sunday, quiet and serene, dawns +upon us free of <a name="Page_37"></a>the sounds of the past week. No cries of newspaper +boys nor hurry of wheels. A couple of bands of recruits drilled for a +while sedately on Government Square, and then marched away. It is +wonderful to an American woman, who still retains a vivid recollection +of Presidential Elections, to see two warring factions at the most +critical point of dispute mutually agree to put down arms and wait +over the Sabbath, and more wonderful yet seems the self-restraint of +going without the daily paper. The George Washington Corps attended a +special service. The hymns were warlike and the sermon strong and +anything but pacific.</p> + +<p><span class="sc">January</span> 6.—The Government issues an ultimatum: Johannesburg +must lay down its arms.</p> + +<p>The letter of invitation signed by Messrs. Charles Leonard, Francis +Rhodes, Lionel Phillips, John Hays Hammond and George Farrar, inviting +Dr. Jameson to come to the succour of Johannesburg <a name="Page_38"></a>under certain +contingencies, was printed in this morning's paper. It was picked up +on the battlefield, in a leathern pouch, supposed to be Dr. Jameson's +saddle-bag. <i>Why in the name of all that is discreet and honourable +didn't he eat it!</i></p> + +<p>Two messengers from the High Commissioner, Sir Jacobus de Wet, the +British Agent, and Sir Sydney Shippard, were received by the Reform +Committee this morning. De Wet told them that Johannesburg must lay +down its arms to save Jameson and his officers' lives; that unless +they complied with this appeal, which he made on behalf of the High +Commissioner, who was in Pretoria ready to open negotiations, +Johannesburg would be responsible for the sacrifice of Jameson and his +fellow prisoners. It would be impossible for the Government to conduct +negotiations with the High Commissioner for redress of grievances +until arms were laid down. He urged them to comply with this appeal to +prevent bloodshed, and <a name="Page_39"></a>promised that they could depend upon the +protection of the High Commissioner, and that not 'a hair of their +heads would be touched.' After much discussion, the Committee agreed +to lay down their arms.</p> + +<p>Betty and Mrs. Clement were busy all the morning giving out books and +flowers which had been generously sent by various ladies and +commercial firms for distribution among the women and children at the +Wanderers' and Tattersall's. Betty says the women were most grateful. +They are busy, hard-working women, and the enforced leisure is very +trying to them. She spoke with the manager of Tattersall's; he thanked +her for her gifts, remarking, with some weariness in his tone: 'You +don't know, Miss, how hard it is to keep the women amused and +contented—and several of them have been confined!' as if that, too, +were a proof of insubordination.</p> + +<p>My husband tells me that the Committee is to hold a meeting at +midnight, and another at six to-morrow morning. He <a name="Page_40"></a>says that Lionel +Phillips nearly fainted from exhaustion to-day. Mr. Phillips is +consistent and brave, and George Farrar, too, is proving himself a +hero. Dear old Colonel, with the kind thoughtfulness so characteristic +of him, never fails to ask how we are bearing the trial.</p> + +<p><span class="sc">January</span> 7.—Sir Jacobus de Wet and Sir Sydney Shippard +addressed the populace from the Band Club balcony, exhorting them to +accept the ultimatum.</p> + +<p><span class="sc">Later</span>.—I have had such a reassuring conversation with Sir +Sydney Shippard this evening. He is a most intelligent man, and speaks +with such fluent decisiveness that all he says carries conviction. I +am told that Sir Jacobus's speech was a rambling, poor affair and +weak; the crowd showed a restlessness that at one time threatened to +become dangerous. He was fortunately pulled down by his coat-tails +before the crowd lost self-control.</p> + +<p>Sir Sydney's speech, on the contrary, was strong and full of feeling. +He told the <a name="Page_41"></a>people that he sympathised deeply with them in their +struggle for what he believed to be their just rights, but that being +an English Government official he could take no part. He reminded them +that Jameson was lying in prison, his life and the lives of his +followers in great jeopardy. The Government had made one condition for +his safety: the giving up of their arms. 'Deliver them up to your High +Commissioner, and not only Jameson and his men will be safe, but also +the welfare of those concerned in this movement—I mean the leaders.' +He continued: 'I, whose heart and soul are with you, say again that +you should follow the advice of the High Commissioner, and I beg you +to go home and to your ordinary avocations; deliver up your arms to +your High Commissioner, and if you do that you will have no occasion +to repent it.'</p> + +<p><span class="sc">January</span> 8.—Arms are being delivered up. About 1,800 guns +already handed in. The Government assert that we are not keeping our +agreement and are holding back <a name="Page_42"></a>the bulk of the guns. My husband tells +me that these are being given up as fast as possible, but that there +are not over 2,700 among the entire Uitlander population. The Reform +Committee has assured the High Commissioner that they are keeping good +faith, but that they never had more than about 2,700. The disarmament +is universally considered the first step to an amicable settlement. +The Reform Committee has sent out orders and the guns are coming +quietly in. Everybody feels a certain relief now that the strain is +eased; the members of the Committee are dropping down into all sorts +of odd places to make up for the lost sleep of the past week. Dozens +are stretched on the floor of the club rooms. Some steady-going +gentlemen of abstemious habit are unprejudiced enough to allow +themselves to be found under the tables wrapped in slumber as profound +as that of infancy.</p> + +<p>In contrast to my feelings of yesterday I am almost joyous. But for +poor <a name="Page_43"></a>impetuous Jameson and the newly dead and wounded of Doornkop, I +could laugh again.</p> + +<p>The women are going back to the mines. Many brave little men who have +remained in the shade to comfort their wives now step boldly to the +front and tell us what they would have done if it had really come to a +question of fighting. There is so much talk of <i>moral courage</i> from +these heroes, I fear it is the only kind of courage which they +possess. One gentleman, not conspicuous for his bravery during the +preceding days, gravely said to me: 'If there had been war, I wonder +if I should have had the moral courage to keep out of the fight?' I +looked into his face, and, seeing there his character, answered with +dryness, 'Oh! I suspect you would.' He was too complaisant to +appreciate the sarcasm. God made little as well as great things! I +suppose we should love all humanity, even if it be in the spirit of a +collector of curios.</p> + +<p>The protracted excitement has caused several deaths from heart +failure, and I <a name="Page_44"></a>heard of two cases of acute mania. There would +doubtless have been a far greater mortality but for the fact that +Johannesburg is populated by young and, for the most part, vigorous +men and women.</p> + +<p>I hear that Dr. Jameson answered, when asked after his first night in +the Pretoria jail if there was anything he would like to have, +'Nothing, thank you, but flea powder.'</p> + +<p>I sat on the verandah with Sir Sydney Shippard and Betty this evening +and watched the 'Zarps'<a name="FNanchor_4_4"></a><a href="#Footnote_4_4"><sup>[4]</sup></a> take control of the town. There was no +remonstrance on the part of the populace.</p> + +<p><span class="sc">Later</span>.—It is rumoured that a Commando of Boers will attack +the town to-night. The place is practically defenceless; most of the +men having returned to their work and the companies being +disbanded.<a name="FNanchor_5_5"></a><a href="#Footnote_5_5"><sup>[5]</sup></a></p> + +<p><a name="Page_45"></a><span class="sc">January</span> 9.—There +is a fearful impression abroad this morning +that the Reform Committee, or at least the leaders, will be arrested. +My husband comforts me by saying the Government could not pursue such +a course after having recognised the Reform Committee and offered not +only to consider, but reform the grievances which have brought all +this trouble about. He declares that Great Britain would not allow +this after commanding her subjects to disarm and promising them her +protection, and to see that their wrongs were righted.</p> + +<p><a name="Page_46"></a>'It would be the worst sort of faith,' he insists.</p> + +<p><span class="sc">Noon</span>.—The situation is very strained. I can see that my +husband is trying to prepare me for his possible arrest. 'It will +merely be a matter of form.' Ah me! I can read in his grave face +another truth. May God in His mercy grant us a happy issue out of all +our afflictions.</p> + +<p>At a quarter to ten on the night of January 9, my husband, with two +dozen others of the Reform Committee, was arrested and thrown into +jail on the charge of rebellion and high treason. They had heard that +this was probable several hours earlier in the day.</p> + +<p>The four leaders were secretly offered a safe conduct over the border, +but refused to forsake their comrades and the Cause. Leaving word +where he was to be found, and with the further stipulation that no +handcuffs were to be used in his arrest, or 'he would blow the brains +out of the first man who approached him,' my husband <a name="Page_47"></a>hastened to +break the news gently to us. I packed a tiny handbag with necessaries +and filled his pockets with cakes of chocolate; chocolate was +nourishing, and would sustain a hungry man hours, even days. We sat +down hand in hand to wait for the officer, Betty in delicacy having +left us alone together.</p> + +<p>The Australians were giving a banquet below stairs, and as we clung to +each other we could hear their shouts of boisterous mirth and +hand-clapping. We started up at a tap on the door. A friend to tell us +the officer was waiting at the street entrance. I helped my husband +into his coat and we kissed each other good-bye. He was filled with +solicitude for me. My thoughts were of the two thousand excited Boers +laagered between Johannesburg and Pretoria, but recollection of my +unborn child steadied me and gave me self-command.</p> + +<p>Kind Mrs. Heath came to me, and, putting her arms about my shoulders, +led me gently back into the bedroom, 'Mrs. <a name="Page_48"></a>Heath, will you please +tell my sister-in-law that I am alone?' and Betty knew what had +happened and came to me at once. Some time later Mr. John Stroyan +brought a note from my husband:—</p> + +<br /> + +<div style="margin-left: 5%; margin-right: 45%;"> +<blockquote><p style="text-align: right;">Johannesburg Jail—2 <span class="sc">a.m.</span> </p> + +<p> 'We are well—a couple of dozen—waiting for the train to + Pretoria. Don't worry.</p> + +<p style="text-align: right;">'Yours, <span class="sc">j.h.h.'</span> </p> +</blockquote> +</div> +<br /> + +<p>Then nature came to my relief. My overtaxed nerves refused to bear any +more—they were paralysed. I threw myself across the foot of my little +boy's bed, and lay like a dead woman until the morning broke....</p> + +<p>Many days afterward I heard further details of the arrest. Some of the +incidences were amusing, as was the polite borrowing and making use of +Mr. King's carriage—he being one of the Reformers—for conveyance of +the prisoners to the gaol. At the Rand Club there was so large a +<a name="Page_49"></a>collection of Reformers, that the carriages, even over-crowded, could +not carry them all. Lieuts. de Korte and Pietersen, the officers in +charge, said in the most friendly manner, 'Very well, gentlemen, some +of you must wait until we can come back for you.' And they <i>did</i> wait. +Colonel Rhodes was taken from his own home; roused from his bed, he +stood brushing his hair with martial precision, and expressing to the +officer his regret at putting him to the trouble of waiting while he +dressed, Mr. Seymour Fort meanwhile packing his valise. 'Fort, old +man, put in some books,' said the Colonel, who is a great reader; 'all +the books you can find;' and Mr. Fort threw in book after book—big +ones and little ones; and for this lavish provision the poor Colonel +paid dearly some hours later, in company with several husbands, whose +wives in excess of tenderness had provided them with every known +toilette luxury filled into silver-topped cut crystal bottles. The +sight of these afflicted men carrying their heavy burdens from the +<a name="Page_50"></a>station to the prison at Pretoria was both amusing and dramatic. At +times their speech reached the epic.</p> + +<p>The sad side was poor Sam Jameson, crippled and broken with +rheumatism—a seriously ill man—accompanied to the very prison gates +by his ever-faithful wife; and the second lot of Reformers, sent to +Pretoria the following morning, met with an experience which some of +them have never since been able to speak of without turning white. By +the hour of their arrival the whole country round about Pretoria knew +of their coming, and a large and violent mob was gathered at the +railroad station to receive them. Through some misadventure, an +inadequate guard was detailed to march them to the gaol. The prisoners +were set upon by the mob, reviled, stoned, and spat upon, the officers +in charge trampling them under their horses' hoofs, in their vain and +excited endeavours to protect them. The poor prisoners reached the +jail in a full run, bruised and breathless, but thankful for the +<a name="Page_51"></a>asylum the prison door afforded them from their merciless pursuers. +They were quickly locked into cells. For many hours they had not +tasted food. The first Reformers imprisoned slipped in to them a part +of their own provisions, but as it was quickly and stealthily done one +cell would receive the pannikin of meat, another the tin of potatoes, +&c. The cells were in a filthy condition. As has been truly said, a +Boer prison is not built for gentlemen. It was an unavoidable +misfortune that this prison, which had up to this time housed only +refractory Kaffirs, should by force of circumstance become the +domicile for six long dreary months, and through a hot tropical +summer, of gentlemen nurtured in every decency. Captain Mein told me +that he stood the greater part of that first night rather than sit +upon the filthy floor, but exhaustion at length conquered his +repugnance. These were times which proved men's natures. It distilled +the very essence of a man, and if anywhere in his make-up was the salt +of selfishness, <a name="Page_52"></a>it was pretty sure to appear. Many who before had +appreciated Charlie Butter's open hospitality, realised now that it +was more than kindliness which prompted him to give up his last +swallow of whisky to a man who was older or weaker than himself. And +they tell me that my own good man's cheery spirits helped along many a +fellow of more biliary temperament.</p> + +<p>The four leaders were put into a cell 11 feet by 11 feet, which was +closed in by an inner court. There was no window, only a narrow grille +over the door. The floor was of earth and overrun by vermin. Of the +four canvas cots two were blood-stained, and all hideously dirty. They +were locked in at 6 o'clock—one of them ill with dysentery—and there +they remained sweltering and gasping through the tropical night until +six of the morning. For two weeks they remained in this cell. +Meanwhile, I knew nothing of my husband's plight, being mercifully +deceived by both him and our friends, every day Mr. Heath bringing to +<a name="Page_53"></a>Parktown telegrams from my husband assuring me of his good treatment +by the Government, and imploring me not to worry.</p> + +<p>The Reform Committee consisted of seventy-eight members; sixty-four +were arrested. One of this number subsequently committed suicide in a +temporary fit of insanity caused by protracted anxiety and prison +hardship.</p> + +<p>The Committee was composed of men of many nationalities and various +professions—lawyers, doctors, and, with only one or two exceptions, +all the leading mining men on the Rand. The Young Men's Christian +Association was well represented, and a Sunday-school Superintendent +was one of the list.</p> + +<p>I returned to my home, and was in the doctor's care, and attended by a +professional nurse.</p> + +<p>By my Journal I see how good was Mr. Seymour Fort and how faithful Mr. +Manion, the American Consular Agent, during this time of trial. From +the flat of my back I <a name="Page_54"></a>listened to and took into consideration many +plans suggested for the liberation of my husband. One lady proposed +getting up a petition, which she would take to England to the Queen. +It was to be headed with my name, as wife of one of the leaders: Mrs. +Lionel Phillips being in Europe, and Mrs. George Farrar at the Cape; +Colonel Rhodes a bachelor. I had small hopes of the success of things +which had to be sent to Court, or placed before Courts. The subject +was dismissed.</p> + +<p>Then there was another plan thought out by a very shrewd man, and +brought to my bedside, 'news which concerns your husband' being a +passport to any one. I was to go at once to Cape Town, see Mr. Cecil +Rhodes, and demand one hundred thousand dollars from him.</p> + +<p>'What for?' I asked.</p> + +<p>'You see,' said the gentleman, 'your husband and those other men are +going to be tried <i>sure</i>, and we need money to lobby Pretoria.'</p> + +<p><a name="Page_55"></a>I was stupid—it was my first Revolution—and +I hadn't the least idea what lobbying Pretoria meant. My friend gave me a sketchy +view of its meaning, and assured me it was usually done in grave cases.</p> + +<p>'But it will kill me to leave my bed and start for Cape Town +to-morrow,' I exclaimed.</p> + +<p>My adviser delicately hinted that my husband's life was of more value +than my own. On this point we agreed. I was to make Mr. Rhodes +understand that we didn't want any more 'tom-fool military men up here +to ball up the game.'</p> + +<p>He was to give the money to me unconditionally, to be disbursed as my +friend saw fit. We rehearsed the part several times; I was hopelessly +dull!</p> + +<p>'And now,' he questioned, 'if Rhodes refuses to give you the money, +what will you do?'</p> + +<p>I thought of Jael and Charlotte Corday, and all the other women who +had to do <a name="Page_56"></a>with history, and said, 'I suppose I'll have to shoot him.'</p> + +<p>My preceptor looked discouraged. We went over the part once again.</p> + +<p>It is but fair to say that he had made every provision for my comfort. +Attendants were ready, and at the right moment I have no doubt but +that a neat pine coffin could have been produced. Reflection, however, +showed me the inadvisability of this project; but I was happily spared +the embarrassment of drawing back from promised compliance.</p> + +<p>There was a higher power ruling. The next morning's papers announced +the sailing of C.J. Rhodes for England.</p> + +<p>The morning of January 10th, Johannesburg disarmed, and the Reformers +in prison, the President of the Transvaal Republic issued a +proclamation offering pardon to all who should lay down their arms, +and declaring them to be exempt from prosecution on account of what +had occurred at Johannesburg—'<i>with the exception of all persons <a name="Page_57"></a>or +bodies who may appear to be principal criminals, leaders, instigators, +or perpetrators of the troubles at Johannesburg and suburbs</i>. Such +persons or bodies will justify themselves before the legal and +competent Courts of this Republic'</p> + +<p>The principal criminals, leaders, instigators, or perpetrators were +the same to whom was tendered the olive-branch brought from Pretoria +by Messrs. Malan and Marais, acting envoys by the unanimous vote of +the Executive; and three of these same principal criminals, leaders, +instigators, or perpetrators were received seven days since, as +representatives of the Reform Committee, in a conciliatory spirit by +the Government's Special Commission, and told that their demands would +be earnestly considered. During the intervening seven days Dr. Jameson +had been conquered at Doornkop and made a prisoner of the State. The +Reform Committee, in obedience to Sir Jacobus de Wet's long and prolix +solicitation, and the strong appeal of Sir Sydney <a name="Page_58"></a>Shippard, assuring +them that Jameson's life was in imminent danger, and the Government +had made Johannesburg's disarmament the one condition of his safety, +laid down their arms to preserve the life of a man already protected +by the terms of his own surrender. 'Placing themselves,' cables the +High Commissioner to Mr. Chamberlain, 'and their interests +unreservedly in my hands, in the fullest confidence that I will see +justice done them.' The sixty-four Reformers were then promptly driven +into jail, and their property placed under an interdict.</p> + +<p>Six months later, the four principal leaders were tried and sentenced +to be hanged by their necks until they were dead, by a judge <i>brought +from a neighbouring Republic, the Orange Free State</i>, for that +purpose.</p> +<br /> +<br /> + +<h5 class="sc">Footnotes:</h5> + +<div class="note"><p><a name="Footnote_3_3"></a><a href="#FNanchor_3_3">[3]</a> + This list was used as a roll-call a week later in the +arrest of the Sixty-four members.</p></div> + +<div class="note"><p><a name="Footnote_4_4"></a><a href="#FNanchor_4_4">[4]</a> + Abbreviated term for South African police.</p></div> + +<div class="note"><p><a name="Footnote_5_5"></a><a href="#FNanchor_5_5">[5]</a> + The following cablegram will show that there were very +substantial grounds for the rumour:—</p> +<br /> + +<div> +<blockquote><p class="noin">'Sir Hercules Robinson (Pretoria) to Mr. Chamberlain.—8th +January—No. 3. Since my telegram No. 1 of this morning matters have +not been going so smoothly. When the Executive Council met I received +a message that only 1,814 rifles and three Maxim guns had been +surrendered, which the Government of the South African Republic did +not consider a fulfilment of the ultimatum, and orders would be +immediately issued to a Commando to attack Johannesburg. I at once +replied that the ultimatum required the surrender of guns and +ammunition for which no permit of importation had been obtained, and +that onus rested with the Transvaal Government to show that guns and +ammunition were concealed for which no permit had been issued. If +before this was done any hostile step were taken against Johannesburg +I should consider it a violation of the undertaking for which I had +made myself personally responsible to the people of Johannesburg, and +I should leave the issue in the hands of Her Majesty's Government...'</p> +</blockquote></div> +</div> + +<br /> +<br /> +<br /> +<br /> +<hr /> +<br /> +<a name="IV"></a><h3><a name="Page_59"></a>IV</h3> +<br /> + +<p><span class="sc">Sunday, January</span> 12.—Mr. and Mrs. Perkins called this morning +to advise Betty's not going immediately to Pretoria, as was her +intention. Mr. Perkins said that the Boer feeling was very bitter, and +foreign women were insulted in the streets. Advocate Wessels has also +written to me, insisting upon my waiting two or three days, as my +presence in Pretoria could do no good, and might prejudice my +husband's cause. A little trunk was packed and sent to my husband last +night. I got out of bed to superintend, and felt tragically tender as +I watched the things laid in. A fresh suit of clothes, some personal +and bed linen, towels, shoes, family photographs, flea powder, +ginger-snaps, beef essence, soap, my little down pillow, and his +beloved and <a name="Page_60"></a>well-read Shakespeare. I was able to sit up for an hour +this afternoon to receive Sir Sydney Shippard, Mr. Seymour Fort, and +Mr. Manion.</p> + +<p>Yesterday the Governor of Natal, Sir Walter Hely Hutchinson, started +for Pretoria to confer with the High Commissioner in regard to the +transport of Dr. Jameson and his men through Natal. They are to be +handed over to the English Government.</p> + +<p>Search parties of mounted Boers are going about looking for hidden +guns. The Robinson Mine seems to be the spot most suspected.</p> + +<p>Yesterday's 'Volksstem'—a Government organ—recalled to the minds of +the Boers the Slachter Nek affair of eighty years ago—a story of +Boers hung by Englishmen for their insistence in punishing a negro +slave according to established custom. What a cruel sinister +suggestion underlies this!<a name="FNanchor_6_6"></a><a href="#Footnote_6_6"><sup>[6]</sup></a></p> + +<p><a name="Page_61"></a>Keen resentment is felt here against the young German Emperor and his +indiscreet message to Kruger. I never dreamed years ago, when I used +to see him, a tall, slender-legged boy in Berlin, that in maturity I +should have so strong a desire to chastise him. England has +commissioned a Flying Squadron, and the forces at Cape Town are to be +strongly augmented.</p> + +<p><span class="sc">January</span> 13.—Mr. Manion showed me to-day a cable from the +United States Secretary of State, Mr. Olney. 'Take instant measures to +protect John Hays Hammond, and see that he has fair play.' It brought +such a feeling of confidence and comfort! All he wants <i>is</i> fair play, +and I pray to God that he may be protected until he gets it.</p> + +<p>Many business meetings had to be postponed to-day on account of the +large number of influential men in jail. I hear from Mr. —— that on +Thursday and Friday it was most difficult to keep the Boers from +storming the town. President Kruger dissuaded them by promising each a +new suit of <a name="Page_62"></a>clothes. These they have since been seen carrying, tied +to the cantle of their saddles.</p> + +<p>Feeling is strong and bitter against the leaders; they are held +responsible for all the trouble brought about by the Jameson invasion.</p> + +<p>Commandant Cronje's Burgher force paraded the street this +morning—they are the men who captured Jameson. Jameson is the god of +the hour, and Johannesburg resented the intrusion; but for the sake of +their hero, still in the power of the Government, there was no +indication of intolerance beyond a few audible sarcasms; remarks which +were answered in kind by the Burghers.</p> + +<p>Betty says they were an interesting-looking body of men; +strong-framed, heavy-featured, with long unkempt hair and beards. They +rode shaggy, moth-eaten-looking little ponies, each man with a bundle +of hay bound to his saddle and a sausage in his wallet. Fathers among +them as hale as the brawny <a name="Page_63"></a>sons by their sides. They looked capable +of any amount of fatigue.</p> + +<p>Numbers of stray dogs and cats attest the many deserted homes.</p> + +<p><span class="sc">January</span> 15.—Every train brings women and children, +hobby-horses and canary birds back to their homes in Johannesburg. +Betty has returned, accompanied by Mr. Seymour Port, from Pretoria. +She gives a very spirited account of her visit. Through Mr. Sauer, one +of the advocates retained by the Reformers, a visiting permit was +obtained. She and Mr. Fort were obliged to wait several hours, in +company with a crowd of wives, at the prison gates, under a broiling +sun. All were loaded down with offerings.</p> + +<p>Betty's own donation was several green-lined umbrellas (a god-send in +a whitewashed court beat upon by a tropical sun). After being admitted +each lady was taken into a private room and 'felt all over by a Boer +woman,' who was so fat, Betty declares, 'she must have grown up in +the <a name="Page_64"></a>room, as she could not possibly have got through the door, even +sideways.'</p> + +<p>In the prison court the prisoners were sitting about in great +diversity of costume, pyjamas predominating. The weather was +suffocatingly hot. To while away the tedious time some were playing +marbles, others reading, and a few of the most active brains on the +Rand were caught dozing at midday, in a strip of shadow the width of +one's hand, the sole shade in the whole enclosure. Colonel Bettington +sat on a bench near the entrance in a peculiar and striking costume +which proved to be, to those who had courage to linger and analyse, +pyjama drawers rolled to the knees, a crash towel draped with happy +blending of coolness and perfect propriety around body, noble Bedouin +arrangement of wet crash towel on head, single eyeglass in eye, merry +smile. Mr. Lace was the only one of the company who could suddenly +have been set down in Piccadilly without confusion to himself and +beholders. He wore a neat <a name="Page_65"></a>brown suit, pale pink shirt, and a +<i>stylish</i> straw sailor hat. The prisoners showed a touching interest, +Betty says, in the distribution of their gifts. One husband asked his +wife almost before she was within arm's length what she had brought +him. She had brought him a box of Pasta Mack tabloids, and +unfortunately there was not at that time a bath in the whole prison. +Another gentleman was presented with a Cologne spray. He was the envy +of the jail; within twenty-four hours every Cologne spray in Pretoria +was bought up and in the possession of the Reform Committee.</p> + +<p>The four leaders are kept apart. After much ceremony my husband was +allowed to see his sister at the door of the inner court where they +are housed. Jameson and his men are in a tiny cottage by themselves, +and no communication whatever is allowed between the prisoners. +Arrangements have been made with the authorities to allow food to be +served to the Reformers from the Pretoria Club at the prisoners' +expense. <a name="Page_66"></a>The head jailer, Du Plessis, is a cousin of Kruger's. A +ponderous man with a wild beard, a blood-shot eye, and a heavy voice. +He is said to have gone to the President several days after the arrest +and said, 'Those men are not like us, they are gentlemen, and cannot +stand such hardships.' $250,000,000 are estimated as being represented +by the men within the four walls of the Pretoria jail.</p> + +<p>President Kruger suggests the adjournment of the Volksraad. Every one +feels this to be a wise move while party spirit runs so high. The +Hollanders in the Transvaal are much more rabid against the Reformers +than the Boers.</p> + +<p>Mr. Chamberlain has cabled to the High Commissioner respecting the +leaders in the recent rising. He points out that their imprisonment +may disorganise the mining industry, and inquires as to what will be +the likely penalties.</p> + +<p>America has asked Great Britain to protect Americans arrested in +<a name="Page_67"></a>Johannesburg. I hear that a Burgher, who saw some of the great iron +pipes of the Waterworks Company being put in the ground, reached +Pretoria in a state of intense excitement, exclaiming that he had seen +'miles of big guns at Johannesburg.'</p> + +<p>Mr. Andrew Trimble, chief detective and head of the Uitlander police, +quitted Johannesburg the night of the arrest with much precipitation; +unfortunately, before indeed he had filed away his most important +private papers. Following his hasty flight his office was carefully +guarded by Zarps; no one was allowed to enter—'Oh yes, the Kaffir boy +might go in to clean up.' A good friend of Mr. Trimble's, with stern +aspect, instructed the boy to make a 'good job' of the room and burn +all the papers strewn over the floor and desks. This was faithfully +done by the unconscious negro, to the entire satisfaction of all save +the Zarps in charge.</p> + +<p>It is said Dr. Jameson entered the Transvaal with his despatch-box +filled with <a name="Page_68"></a>important papers in cypher, <i>and the cypher code with +it</i>. I cannot believe this of any man in his sound senses.</p> + +<p>The High Commissioner left Pretoria by special train yesterday. This +was the man who offered his service as Mediator and was accepted by +both Uitlander and Boer. To placate the Boer he refrained from +visiting Dr. Jameson and his men imprisoned at Pretoria, nor did he +permit Sir Jacobus de Wet to visit them. He never acquainted himself +with the terms of Dr. Jameson's surrender. He commanded Johannesburg +to disarm to appease the Boer, and this being successfully +accomplished through the self-control of the Reform Committee, he +departed with his gout and other belongings, leaving the unarmed +betrayed Reformers to shift for themselves. Was this being a Mediator?</p> +<br /> +<br /> + +<h5 class="sc">Footnotes:</h5> + +<div class="note"><p><a name="Footnote_6_6"></a><a href="#FNanchor_6_6">[6]</a> + This affair was the result of an interference by the +English. It arose out of the ill-treatment of a negro slave. The Boers +resisted arrest, there was a clash of arms, and four of the Boers were +hanged.</p></div> + +<br /> +<br /> +<br /> +<br /> +<hr /> +<br /> +<a name="V"></a><h3><a name="Page_69"></a>V</h3> +<br /> + +<p><span class="sc">January</span> 21.—The Burghers are disbanding and returning to +their homes.</p> + +<p>Trade is thoroughly unsettled, and business of every kind is in an +unsatisfactory condition. Great disorder prevails in the town. +Scarcely a night but there is some sort of disturbance between +citizens and police; the latter are mostly raw German recruits.</p> + +<p>Dr. Jameson and his officers left Pretoria yesterday. Dr. Jameson +looked very downcast, and sat gazing stolidly before him until the +train started. They were cheered at many places along the route. The +United States Government has thanked Mr. Chamberlain for his offer to +protect Americans in the Transvaal.</p> + +<p>All travellers coming into the country <a name="Page_70"></a>must submit to a rigorous +personal search for firearms at Vereeniging. In one case even the +infant of the party was overhauled for guns and ammunition before +being handed over to the loving father, who had come down to meet his +little family.</p> + +<p><span class="sc">Later</span>.—I came up to Pretoria this afternoon with Betty and +the sick nurse. We were stopped at the station while the officials +examined our handbags for cannon. This delay would have been +irritating, but the men were so universally good-natured—little +dull-witted, with no appreciation of fitness, but good-natured. We +drove at once to the Grand Hotel, and I went to bed that I might look +rested when I saw my husband on the morrow. Lady de Wet and Dr. +Messum, the prison physician, called to tell me the four men had been +moved into the Jameson Cottage, but I was asleep, and not allowed to +be roused. There is comfort in being this much nearer to my poor +prisoner. The hotel is full of Reformers' wives, and there is much +<a name="Page_71"></a>excitement and coming and going. We are warned to be cautious in what +we say in public places, because of spies. Every woman has a nervous +look on her face, and some of them shut the windows and doors before +uttering even the most commonplace remarks.</p> + +<p>Pretoria lies in a shallow basin in the heart of the hills—a fitting +home for the Sleeping Princess. It is hushed and drowsy and overrun by +a tangle of roses. Weeping willows edge the streets, which are wide +and as neglected as a country road. Open gutters carry off, or rather +contain, the sewage of the town. Its altitude is lower than that of +Johannesburg, and the climate very relaxing. Every month or couple of +months the town is full of stir and life. The Boers trek in from +neighbouring farms with their long span of oxen, as many as eighteen +and twenty being yoked to a wagon. They buy and sell, and partake of +the Nacht Maal, or sacrament, laagered around the Dopper Church; and +with their dogs, Kaffirs, and <a name="Page_72"></a>oxen make of that square a most +unsavoury spot.</p> + +<p><span class="sc">January</span> 24.—I have been several times to the prison, and +have seen my husband. He looks thin, but his face is much rested. He +was greatly distressed on my first visit at the change in my +appearance, which I declared was most ungrateful, as I had put on my +best clothes for the occasion. His mouth showed a tendency to grow +square at the corners; I had seen his children's do the same a +thousand times in our nursery, and I turned away to conceal my +emotion.</p> + +<p>The leaders are still kept apart from the other Reformers, a chalked +line showing the margin of their liberty. They are fairly comfortable +in the Jameson Cottage. It contains two tiny rooms; in one all four +sleep, and the other is used for a sitting-room. These are kept very +clean and bright. Mr. Farrar is housekeeper, and 'tidies up' with such +vigour that his three comrades threaten to give up their lodgings and +decamp.</p> + +<p><a name="Page_73"></a>'Hang it all,' says Mr. Phillips, 'we never sit down to a meal that +George does not begin to sweep the floor'; 'And he takes our cups away +and begins washing them before we've finished our coffee,' complains +the Colonel. Mr. Farrar reproaches me for my husband's want of order. +He says I have not trained him at all, which is quite the truth. Each +man has his chief treasures on a little shelf above his bed. The three +husbands have photographs of wife and children; Colonel Rhodes, the +bachelor, a sponge-bag and pin-cushion. Every day I find a short list +of things which they want got for them. It is many a long year since +they had such simple desires: bed-sheets and pillow-cases, a shade for +their window, Dutch dictionary, and lead pencils.</p> + +<p><span class="sc">January</span> 25.—The Reformers, with the exceptions of Messrs. +Lionel Phillips, George Farrar, Colonel Rhodes, John Hays Hammond, and +Percy Fitzpatrick, are released to-day on bail of ten thousand +<a name="Page_74"></a>dollars each. They are not permitted to leave Pretoria however.</p> + +<p><span class="sc">January</span> 27.—Dr. Jameson has sailed on the 'Victoria' for +England. The Governor of Natal was hooted at Volksrust for +congratulating President Kruger on his defeat of Jameson.</p> + +<p>We are again in Pretoria. I have asked for an interview with the +President.</p> + +<br /> +<hr style='width: 20%;' /> + +<div> +<p class="cen"><i>My First Prison Pass</i></p> +<br /> +<p class="cen"><span class="sc">Bewijs Van Toegang</span></p> +<br /> +<p class="cen">Aan den Cipier van de Gevangenis te<br /> +Pretoria.</p> +<br /> +<p class="cen">Verlof wordt verliend aan Mrs. Hammond<br /> +en Miss Hammond en Lady de Wet </p> +<br /> +<p class="cen">Om den gevangene genaamd Hammond,<br /> +Phillips, Rhodes en Farrar te bezoeken in<br /> +Uwe tegenwoordigheid. + </p> +<br /> +<p class="cen">Den 22nd—1—1896.</p> +</div> + +<br /> +<br /> +<br /> +<br /> +<hr /> +<br /> +<a name="VI"></a><h3><a name="Page_75"></a>VI</h3> +<br /> + +<p>Sir James Sivewright said, as I left my rooms for the President's +house, 'I am glad that you are going. You will find a man with a rough +appearance but a kind heart.' Mr. Sammy Marx accompanied me.</p> + +<p>The home of the President of the South African Republic is an +unpretentious dwelling, built of wood and on one floor. There is a +little piazza running across the front, upon which he is frequently +seen sitting, smoking his pipe of strong Boer tobacco, with a couple +of his trusted burghers beside him. Two armed sentinels stood at the +latch gate. I hurried through the entrance. A negro nurse was +scurrying across the hall with a plump baby in her arms. A young man +with a pleasant face <a name="Page_76"></a>met me at the sitting-room door and invited me +to enter. It was an old-fashioned parlour, furnished with black +horse-hair, glass globes, and artificial flowers. A marble-topped +centre table supported bulky volumes bound in pressed leather with +large gilt titles. There were several men already in the room, Boers. +Those nearest the door I saw regard me with a scowl. I was a woman +from the enemy's camp. At the further end of the long room sat a large +sallow-skinned man with long grizzled hair swept abruptly up from his +forehead. His eyes, which were keen, were partly obscured by heavy +swollen lids. The nose was massive, but not handsome. The thin-lipped +mouth was large and flexible, and showed both sweetness and firmness. +A fine mouth! He wore a beard. It was President Kruger. He was filling +his pipe from a moleskin pouch, and I noticed that his broad stooping +shoulders ended in arms abnormally long. We shook hands, and he +continued to fill and <a name="Page_77"></a>light his pipe. Mr. Grobler, the pleasant-faced +young man, grandson and Secretary to the President, observing that I +was trembling with fatigue and suppressed excitement, offered me a +chair. We sat opposite each other, the President in the middle. I +spoke slowly, Mr. Grobler interpreting. This was hardly necessary, +President Kruger answering much that I said before it was interpreted. +I could understand him perfectly from my familiarity with German and +especially <i>Platt-Deutsch</i>.</p> + +<p>I explained that I had not come to talk politics. 'No, no politics,' +interrupted the President in a thick loud voice. Nor had I come to ask +favour for my husband, as I felt assured that the honesty of his +motives would speak for themselves at the day of his trial; but I +<i>had</i> come as a woman and daughter of a Republic to ask him to +continue the clemency which he had thus far shown, and to thank Mrs. +Kruger for the tears which she had shed when Johannesburg was in +peril.</p> + +<p><a name="Page_78"></a>President Kruger relaxed a little. 'That is true, she did weep.' He +fixed me with his shrewd glance. 'Where were you?' he asked abruptly.</p> + +<p>'I was in Johannesburg with my husband.'</p> + +<p>'Were you not afraid?'</p> + +<p>'Yes, those days have robbed me of my youth.'</p> + +<p>'What did you think I was going to do?'</p> + +<p>'I hoped that you would come to an understanding with the Reformers.'</p> + +<p>His face darkened.</p> + +<p>'I was disappointed that the Americans went against me,' he said.</p> + +<p>Mr. Sammy Marx rose and left the room. I was seized with one of those +sudden and unaccountable panics, and from sheer embarrassment—my mood +was far too tragic to admit of flippancy—blurted out, 'You must come +to America, Mr. President, as soon as all this trouble is settled, and +see how <i>we</i> manage matters.'</p> + +<p><a name="Page_79"></a>Kruger's face lighted up with interest. 'I am +too old to go so far.'</p> + +<p>'No man is older than his brain, Mr. President'; and Kruger, who knew +that in all the trouble he had shown the mental vigour of a man in his +prime, accepted my praise with a hearty laugh. This was joined in by +the Boers from the other end of the room.</p> + +<p>Mrs. Kruger refused to see me, and I liked her none the less for her +honest prejudice. I stood to go. President Kruger rose, removed the +pipe from between his teeth, and, coughing violently, gave me his +hand.</p> + +<p>Mr. Grobler escorted me to the gate. 'Mrs. Hammond, I shall be glad to +serve you in any way possible to me,' he said with courtesy.</p> + +<p>'Then will you say to Mrs. Kruger that I am praying to the same God +that peace may come?'</p> + +<p><span class="sc">Monday, February</span> 3.—The preliminary trial of the Reform +Committee prisoners <a name="Page_80"></a>was called this morning. The hearing was in the +second Raadzaal. Although the accommodation for the public was limited +there was a large crowd of Johannesburgers present.</p> + +<p>Shortly before ten o'clock an armed escort marched up to the jail for +Messrs. Hammond, Phillips, Farrar, Fitz-Patrick, and Rhodes. The other +Reformers stood in a bunch at the entrance of the hall. All the +principal Government officials were present. Sir Jacobus de Wet +appeared, accompanied by Mr. J. Rose Innes, Q.C., who had come from +the Cape to watch the case on behalf of the Imperial Government.</p> + +<p>Punctually at ten the State Attorney, Coster, took his seat, and, +beginning with my husband's name, called the accused into Court.</p> + +<p>The sixty-four prisoners were assigned to rows of cane-bottomed chairs +in the north-west corner of the building. The proceedings were in +Dutch, and continued <a name="Page_81"></a>throughout the day. With the exception of a few, +none of the Reformers understood Dutch. The hall was without +ventilation, and overcrowded, and sixty-four more bored and +disconsolate-looking men, I believe, were never brought together. Some +of them fanned vigorously with their hats, others gave themselves up +to circumstance and sank into apathy. On the second day, profiting by +experience, fans and paper-backed novels were brought into the Court +room by the arraigned.</p> + +<p>When the Reformers filed in I noticed my husband was not amongst them. +Captain Mein caught my eye and beckoned me to come down from the +ladies' gallery. I hurried to him in some alarm. He told me that my +husband was not well, and handed me a permit which Advocate Sauer had +procured for me. I went at once to the prison, and found my husband +with acute symptoms of dysentery, a feeble pulse, and a heart which +murmured when it beat.</p> + +<p><a name="Page_82"></a>'Jack,' I said, 'I am going to dig you out of this jail!'</p> + +<p>He looked incredulous, and said despondently, 'I'd rather stay <i>here</i> +than go to the prison hospital.'</p> + +<p>'I'm not thinking of the prison hospital,' simply to reassure him, and +with absolutely no plan of procedure in mind I smiled wisely.</p> + +<p>On my way back to the hotel I was perplexed and uncertain which end to +try first—the American Government or the Government of the Transvaal. +I decided upon the latter, and, assisted by Advocate Scholtz, set to +work with such good effect that by the end of the day I had received +permission to remove my invalid into a private house and personally +attend him. Captain Mein cabled to Mr. David Benjamin, who was in +England, for the use of his cottage. An answer returned within a few +hours, granting us cordial possession.</p> + +<p>I was told that we should be kept under strict guard and that an +officer would be <a name="Page_83"></a>lodged in the house with us. Colonel Bettington +advised me to ask the Government that this officer might be Lieutenant +de Korte, who was a gentleman, and a man of kindly instincts. This I +did, and again my wishes were generously considered. My first act in +the cottage home was to cable the United States Secretary of State of +my privilege; Betty and my faithful housemaid, Parker, were allowed to +be with us.</p> + +<p>Thirteen men were stationed on guard around the tiny flower-covered +cottage. No letters or telegrams were allowed to be sent or received +without first being read by Lieutenant de Korte; visitors were obliged +to obtain permits to see us, and many were the times I saw my best +friends hang disconsolate faces over the garden gate, because the +prescribed number of passes had already been distributed.</p> + +<p>The ladies of the house were allowed to go out twice in the week. I +never accepted this freedom. Betty did once, and returning after hours +was refused entrance by the <a name="Page_84"></a>sentinel. Fortunately Mr. de Korte came +to the rescue. Another time, in consequence of a change of guard, he +himself was obliged to show his papers before being allowed to leave +the premises. Lieutenant de Korte was excessively strict, as was his +duty to the Government, but throughout the two weeks we were under his +care he proved himself entirely worthy of Colonel Bettington's praise, +'A gentleman and a man of kindly instincts!' One piece of kindness I +particularly appreciated. <i>He never wore his uniform in the house</i>. +When he sat down to table it was in the usual evening dress of a man +of the world, and our conversation was always on pleasant subjects. We +never forgot, however, that we were prisoners. My husband and I slept +like Royalty in the throne-room, with all the Court assembled. One +guard sat at our bedroom door, gun in hand, and two others on the +verandah just outside the low window. I could hear their breathing +throughout the night. My husband and I could never <a name="Page_85"></a>exchange a private +word; sometimes I would write a message which was hurriedly burnt in +the bedroom candle. The day we moved into the cottage I saw a rose in +the garden which I thought would please and refresh my patient. I +stepped over the threshold to find my nose in conjunction with the +highly-polished barrel of an unfriendly rifle. There was no necessity +for me to understand the guttural speech of the guard, to appreciate +that he desired me to return into the house at once. I did so. Efforts +to induce Mr. Hammond to take a little exercise in the garden I soon +gave over. After a few steps (a guard only two feet behind him) he +would be utterly exhausted, and would almost faint away on reaching +his chair again. Under these petty irritations my husband showed an +angelic patience and fortitude that alarmed me. It was so unlike his +normal self. I longed to hear him cuss a cosy swear; it would have +braced us both. But he was gentle, and appreciative of little +<a name="Page_86"></a>kindnesses; so, to keep from weakening tears, I took to swearing +myself.</p> + +<p>Pretoria was like a steam bath. Frequent thunderstorms were followed +by a blazing sun. Vegetation grew inches in a day, and emitted a rank +smell. People were sallow and languid, and went about with +yellow-white lips. My husband was losing strength perceptibly.</p> + +<p>I called upon Dr. Messum, and begged that he would summon Dr. Murray, +our family physician, from Johannesburg, in consultation. He preferred +a Hollander. I would have none of them! We haggled, and he gave in. +Dr. Murray came to Pretoria. He was very grave when he came out of my +husband's sick room. His report to the Government gained the allowance +of a daily drive, but even for this slight exertion the sick man was +soon too feeble. I wanted to take him to the bracing heights of +Johannesburg, but lawyers and physicians advised me not to make this +request. Johannesburg was <a name="Page_87"></a>still a red rag to the Government, and I +would be sure to meet with a rebuff. Notwithstanding, I went one night +at eleven o'clock, escorted by Lieutenant de Korte, carrying a +glimmering lantern, to interview Dr. Schaagen van Leuwen, and laid the +case before him.</p> + +<p>My husband would surely die if kept in Pretoria; the Government +physician who had been attending him could attest the truth of my +statement. I begged to be allowed to take him to his home in +Johannesburg, under whatever restrictions or guard the Government +might choose to impose. <i>Johannesburg was my desire</i>, and I positively +refused to accept any alternative. Dr. Schaagen van Leuwen was very +kind, and promised to do all he could to help me, and he gave me good +reason to hope that my request would be considered.</p> + +<p>In the morning I went again to visit Dr. Messum, this time with Mr. +Percy Farrar. I urged him to send in his report of my husband's case +at once, as he seemed <a name="Page_88"></a>inclined to let the matter drift. Mr. Farrar +and I also drew his attention to the condition of the Jameson Cottage. +The walls were covered with mildew from the recent rains and the floor +damp with seepage water. Mr. Phillips was suffering from lumbago, and +Mr. Fitzpatrick with acute neuralgia.</p> + +<p>Next day we were pleasantly surprised by a call at the cottage from +Messrs. Phillips, Farrar, and Colonel Rhodes, liberated under the same +conditions as was my husband—a bail of 50,000 dollars and a heavy +guard. They were then on their way to a cottage at Sunnyside. Mrs. +Farrar and I hugged each other with joy, and were quite ready to do +the same to the lawyers who had been so successful in attaining this +end. When I learned a little later that consent had been given for Mr. +Hammond to be taken to Johannesburg my measure of happiness seemed +indeed complete.</p> + +<p>With all speed Parker and I tied up our belongings. Lieutenant de +Korte, with nine <a name="Page_89"></a>guards, was to attend us as far as Johannesburg. A +bed was made for the sick man on one of the seats, and frequent +stimulants helped him bear the journey. The thought of going home did +as much as the cordials to stay his strength, I shall always believe. +A number of gentlemen of my husband's staff were at the station to +meet us. Mr. Catlin's kind face I could see above all the others, and +dear Pope Yeatman's. Before we could exchange greetings we were +whisked off into our carriage by the officer whose duty it was to take +us in charge. A soldier hopped up on the box, and another planted +himself on the seat opposite to us—to my inconvenience, and Parker's +intense indignation. Our home was alight. There was a good dinner on +the table, and my husband, with his natural hospitality, invited the +officer to share it with us. I think I should have shot him if he had +accepted—but he did not accept.</p> + +<p>There had been a fearful dynamite explosion at Fordsburg, a suburb of +<a name="Page_90"></a>Johannesburg, late in the afternoon, and he was busied with bringing +in the wounded. Very politely he asked me to take him through the +house. This I did, grimly remarking, as I pointed to the window in my +dressing-room, 'That is the one he will escape by when we have made up +our minds to run.' This cheap wit cost me weeks of inconvenience, for +the literal Hollander took me at my word, and posted a guard directly +opposite this window. Being a Vrywilliger<a name="FNanchor_7_7"></a> +<a href="#Footnote_7_7"><sup>[7]</sup></a> and a gentleman, this +poor man suffered as sharply from his position as did I. That night +two armed men stood at our chamber door. One was stationed at each of +our bedroom windows. Another guarded the house entrance, and the +remainder of the guard were dispersed around the yard. Their guns were +loaded, and a bandolier of cartridges crossed their breasts. All this +to restrain a poor, broken man, who could not walk a dozen yards!</p> +<br /> +<br /> + +<h5 class="sc">Footnotes:</h5> + +<div class="note"><p><a name="Footnote_7_7"></a><a href="#FNanchor_7_7">[7]</a> + A volunteer.</p></div> + +<br /> +<br /> +<br /> +<br /> +<hr /> +<br /> +<a name="VII"></a><h3><a name="Page_91"></a>VII</h3> +<br /> + +<p><span class="sc">Ash Wednesday, February</span> 19.—The dynamite explosion was +something terrific. Fifty-five tons exploded at one time, wounding 700 +people, killing 80, and leaving 1,500 homeless. It ripped a chasm in +the earth deep enough to hold an Atlantic steamer with all her +rigging. The Kaffirs thought the sun had burst. Betty says the noise +of the report was something awful. Little Jacky was digging in the +garden at the time. He returned to the house at once with a very +troubled face. The coachman coming from town an hour later told of the +dreadful catastrophe. Jacky took his aunt aside: 'Aunt Bet, I heard +that great big noise when I was diggin' and I thought I had dug up +hell.'</p> + +<p>The explosion was the result of neglect. <a name="Page_92"></a>For four days fifty-five and +a half tons of dynamite lay under a hot sun at the Netherlands +Railroad junction, left in charge of an inexperienced youth of twenty +who had 'forgotten to remove it' as was ordered the day before the +explosion occurred.</p> + +<p>Fordsburg is populated by poor Dutch and Boers. With generous +disregard of recent conflicts, the Uitlanders at once gave help and +sympathy to the afflicted. Seven of the members on the Relief +Committee were Reformers; and Reformers' wives were among the first to +nurse the wounded. President Kruger came over to Johannesburg to visit +the scene of the accident. He visited the wounded at the Wanderers' +and hospital, and seemed greatly affected. He made a speech in which +he begged the sufferers to turn their eyes to the Great Healer, who +alone could comfort. He also said that he was gratified to hear that +the subscriptions in aid of the distressed had reached so high a +figure; 'Johannesburg had come nobly to the rescue, and he was glad to +know <a name="Page_93"></a>it.' He quoted the words of the Saviour, 'Blessed are the +merciful, for they shall obtain mercy.' In benefiting others he +declared they would benefit themselves.</p> + +<p><span class="sc">February</span> 23.—I am housed with my ill husband. Betty comes in +and goes out in constant service to the sufferers from the dynamite +explosion. We can think of nothing else. All the tragic stories we +hear from friends and read in the papers fill our days with sadness.</p> + +<p>A friend of my cook's was visiting a neighbour at Fordsburg. She stood +on the threshold, an infant in her arms, and a three-year-old boy at +her side. The explosion came. Her baby was killed outright, and the +child clinging to her skirts dropped with one leg ripped entirely from +the socket. The mother was not even scratched. Another woman was +sewing on a sewing machine. After recovering from the shock, she found +herself unhurt, her house collapsed, and the sewing machine entirely +disappeared. Most of the houses fell outward and not inward, <a name="Page_94"></a>and +those persons near the explosion describe their experience of the +shock as falling asleep or going off in a trance.</p> + +<p>The society women of Johannesburg are doing noble work. Dr. Murray +says it is astonishing how intelligently alert and self-sacrificing +they are proving themselves to be. A story has been told me of a Boer +woman who was fearfully mangled; she bore the necessary surgical +operation with fortitude, but wept copiously when a green baize +petticoat, which she had recently made out of a tablecloth, was taken +off. Only a solemn promise from Mrs. Joel, her lady nurse, to keep the +garment safe until her recovery, appeased her outcries.</p> + +<p>I asked the officer in charge yesterday if I might see some of my +friends who called, the sentinels having thus far denied them +entrance. 'Yes, but there are some women in the place whom I do not +care to have come here.' 'And who might they be?' I asked. 'The wives +of the Reformers,' he answered. 'Then,' I flashed out, 'I do not <a name="Page_95"></a>care +to accept <i>any</i> favours at your hands; those women are my personal +friends, and the only persons under existing circumstances whom I wish +to see.'</p> + +<p>(We were under this gentleman's surveillance for some time, and he +afterwards proved very friendly, <i>so my husband says</i>, but I never +spoke to him again. I did not like him. His voice was unpleasant and +he had a high, hard nose, and I do not fancy people with hard, high +noses.)</p> + +<p>A poor little two-year-old baby was found wandering among the ruins at +Fordsburg, with only a slight scratch on her wrist. It is supposed +that she has been lying unconscious under the débris.</p> + +<p>A Malay woman was discovered cowering over the ruins of what was once +her home, crooning to a dead child at her breast.</p> + +<p>The Netherlands Railroad Company, <i>under whose auspices</i> the accident +took place, have donated 50,000 dollars to the Relief Fund; and the +Transvaal Government has <a name="Page_96"></a>set aside 125,000 dollars for the same +purpose; the Uitlanders, 325,000 dollars, which was collected within a +few hours after the explosion.</p> + +<p><span class="sc">February</span> 25.—Business continues stagnant.</p> + +<p>A deputation of mining men go to Pretoria in regard to the depression +in the mining industry resulting from the imprisonment of the leaders. +I hear many of the mines will have to shut down.</p> + +<p>England's Queen and President Kruger have exchanged messages over the +explosion.</p> + +<p>A Kaffir has been found in the wrecked station at Fordsburg; although +he had been imprisoned five days in the débris, he was still alive, +and revived promptly after being given food. (He succumbed however, +some days later to pneumonia brought on by the exposure).</p> + +<p>1,500 of the survivors from the dynamite disaster are now encamped at +the Agricultural Show Yard. The Relief <a name="Page_97"></a>Committee are doing all +possible to assuage their sufferings. Poor people! many of them are +utterly crushed, and sit about dazed and listless; while the little +children, unconscious of the despair surrounding them, frolic about +with the chickens, and make mud-pies as if nothing had happened. But +for the thoughtless elasticity of childhood, how few of us could live +to grow up!</p> + +<br /> +<br /> +<br /> +<br /> +<hr /> +<br /> +<a name="VIII"></a><h3><a name="Page_98"></a>VIII</h3> +<br /> + +<p>The preliminary trial dragged its undignified course through the +Courts with a fortnight's interruption, because a youth named +Shumacher refused to give his opinions on a certain subject to the +Attorney-General, and was committed to prison for contempt.</p> + +<p>The High Commissioner was going through genuflexions before the Boer +President. Peace, peace, at any price! at the cost of broken promises, +humiliating compromises, and the lives of sixty-four Reformers, if +need be.<a name="FNanchor_8_8"></a><a href="#Footnote_8_8"><sup>[8]</sup></a></p> + +<p><a name="Page_99"></a>Mr. Chamberlain had caught the infection, and was salaaming across the +world to Mr. Kruger, like a marionette out of a box. Thoughtful people +began to wonder if he were swung by a heavy weight, which was unknown +to us. Sir William Harcourt was giving the House of Commons, in +England, ill-founded and flippant assurances that 'the Uitlanders +desired no interference from the outside, whether British or other, +but preferred rather to work out their own salvation.' He added many +unpleasant remarks about the Reformers. I said to one of his +countrymen, 'Why does he, in his safety, flourish about, pinning us +deeper down in the wreckage?'</p> + +<p>'Don't let that distress you. Everybody understands that he belongs to +the other party. If he were of the party in power he would be howling +for the Reformers. Remember, Mrs. Hammond, that our system of party +politics seems to call for such attitudes of injustice.' I didn't +quite understand the argument, but the <a name="Page_100"></a>gentleman spoke with +conviction, and I was willing to accept his proffered comfort.</p> + +<p>In our quiet home at Park Town we had settled down to domestic +routine. The guard had gone to housekeeping in a tent under the +dining-room window. They had made friends with Totsey, and then with +Totsey's master, little Jack. Although I never recognised them beyond +a formal bow, in answer to their salute as we drove in and out of the +grounds, I realised that they were kind-hearted men. They were +Burghers belonging to the Volunteer Corps, and were quite a different +grade altogether from the men who composed our guard at Pretoria. At +first we had thirteen, then the number was diminished to nine. Each +man was paid $5.00 a day out of my good man's pocket, fed, and cab +fare provided (to fetch and carry the relief squad from and to the +town).</p> + +<p>It was very like boiling a kid in its mother's milk, but I had the +gratification of remarking once or twice with casual <a name="Page_101"></a>superiority +during conjugal conversation, that revolutions were expensive things, +and that was <i>some</i> comfort.</p> + +<p>My invalid's health, which at first showed a decided change for the +better, began to wane again. Massage was tried, and tonics were freely +administered. Dr. Murray and I thought of Cape Town and the sea; but I +must own up, it was <i>the officer in charge</i> who was most influential +in obtaining a permit for my husband to leave the Transvaal. The bail +bond was increased to a hundred thousand dollars. Fearing <i>somebody</i> +might change his mind, I insisted on Dr. Murray's starting at once +with my husband for the Cape. Jacky was thrown in as a bonus. Parker +and I were to follow on the mail train two days later.</p> + +<p>The guard, who were by this time genuinely attached to their charge, +begged him to be photographed in a group with themselves. To their +great pride this was done. I missed my husband just before his +departure, and Jacky, joining in my search <a name="Page_102"></a>from room to room, gave +the information, 'Papa is playing with his guard outside.' Weak though +he was, he had crawled out to the tent, with a big bottle of +champagne, and when I stepped to the study window I saw, in the pale +twilight, Mr. Hammond standing with the men about him. They lifted +their glasses to him, and their hearty cheers shook me through.</p> + +<p>The travellers were despatched, and, according to our plan, I followed +with the maid. My dear husband was well enough to meet us in Cape Town +at the depot, and Jacky was in high feather—he had a tin steamboat; +he was inclined to swagger; and showed a personal complacency not +warranted by his appearance, for some of his clothes were put on with +great care, <i>hind-part before</i>.</p> + +<p>We found lodgment at Muizenburg, near Cape Town—sun, wind, and +primitive discomfort, this last mitigated by the never-failing +kindness of the proprietor. His little children fell over one another +in eager service <a name="Page_103"></a>to my invalid; they were always sure of appreciative +recognition from him, and every child is sensitive to kindness.</p> + +<p>Mr. Joseph Story Curtis, the Reformer, joined us, brought down from +the Rand by his physician and sick nurse; he was suffering from +partial paralysis, induced by the excitement of the revolution and +preliminary trial.</p> + +<p>Young Shumacher had come to the coast for building up, also Mr. Van +Goenert, who had carried a gun on duty when Johannesburg was under +arms. We were a saddened little circle at Muizenburg, and we used to +watch the great ships sail out for 'home' with a lump in our throats.</p> + +<p>The strong salt breeze buoyed us up to fresh hope. A new friend came +to me: a woman with all a woman's tenderness, and the simple +necessities of life had a fresh meaning when supplied by you, dear +Jessie Rose Innes!</p> + +<p>Dr. Murray was obliged to leave us.</p> + +<p>An untimely sea-bath brought back <a name="Page_104"></a>most serious symptoms to my +patient, and I was the prey every afternoon to a low fever which +sapped my strength. Although at first this fever bore a horrible +menace, it proved a disguised blessing. For two or three hours each +day I was absolutely free of care, and would lie with quick pulse and +mildly intoxicated brain dreaming I was with my elder boy on the +border of England. I saw him in his little Eton jacket and broad +turned-down collar, his sweet young face fresh as the morning. Or I +would dream of the pretty home under the hill, in far-off California. +The fragrance of thick beds of violets would seem to float to me over +the long waste of sea, and I could see the tall roses nodding in the +white summer fog. My temples beat like the winter rain on the roof, +and the light before my eyes was the library fire, picking out, in its +old familiar way, the gilt lettering on the books ranged about. It was +sweet to go back to all this, even down the scorching path of fever.</p> + +<p><a name="Page_105"></a>Our stay at Cape Town was coming to its close.</p> + +<p>The first trial was called for April 24, and my husband insisted upon +going back to meet his sentence. Drs. Thomas and Scholtz declared this +most unadvisable. His heart was in such condition, any shock might +prove fatal. Their reports were forwarded to the Transvaal Government, +and I begged for a few days' reprieve, cabling my urgent request to +Mr. Olney in Washington, Dr. Coster at Pretoria, and our faithful +friend, Mr. Robert Chapin, United States Consul at Johannesburg. Mr. +Olney <i>at once</i> petitioned the Boer Government in our behalf. Dr. +Coster answered curtly by wiring Mr. Chapin that John Hays Hammond was +summoned to appear before the High Court of the Transvaal on the +morning of April 24, at 10 o'clock. To me he vouchsafed no word.</p> + +<p>Letters came from friends in Johannesburg begging my husband not to +return, and cables from the United States to the <a name="Page_106"></a>same effect. The +sentence was sure to be a death sentence or a term of long +imprisonment.</p> + +<p>From important sources, which for obvious reasons I cannot quote, I +received private messages and letters informing of a plan on foot to +lynch the leaders. The beam from which four Boers had been hung years +before at Schlaagter's Nek (Oh! that poisonous suggestion in the +'Volksstem') had already been brought from the Colony for this special +purpose. Mr. Manion, the Consular Agent, and Mr. K.B. Brown, an +American just arrived in Cape Town from the Rand, took me aside and +laid the case in all its bare brutality before me. <i>To allow my +husband to return to Pretoria was for him to meet certain death</i>. If +he were not lynched by the excited Boers, he was sure to get a death +sentence. Mr. Brown showed feeling as he plead with me to use a wife's +influence to save her husband's life. My head was swimming. I could +only repeat in a dull, dogged way: 'He says his honour <a name="Page_107"></a>takes him +back. He is the father of my sons, and I'd rather see him dead than +dishonoured.'</p> + +<p>Somehow I got to my room, and the page-boy stumbled over me at the +door some time afterward, and ran for Mrs. Cavanagh. When I felt a +little recovered, I put on my hat, and, not waiting for my husband's +return from an appointment with Dr. Thomas, I drove to the office of +Mr. Rose Innes. He was not in, and his clerk declared he did not know +when he would be in. 'Very well, then; I'll wait until he does come +in.'</p> + +<p>I was given a comfortable chair, and a dictionary was dusted and +placed under my feet. Mr. Rose Innes at length appeared. He was +greatly astonished to find me waiting for him. I began abruptly: 'Dear +Mr. Innes, I am in need of a friend; my distress is so great that I +can no longer distinguish right from wrong.' I told him everything; +showed him the letters which I had received, and, facing him, asked, +'What is my duty? <a name="Page_108"></a>I can appeal to my husband—for my sake, to save +the life of our child—and perhaps dissuade him! <i>My God, it is a +temptation!</i>'</p> + +<p>Mr. Rose Innes sat deep in thought.</p> + +<p>'If you think his going back is a needless throwing away of a valuable +life,' I began, with a timid hope beginning to grow in my heart—'I +will chloroform him and have him taken to sea!'</p> + +<p>Mr. Rose Innes leaned forward, and took my hand gently between his +own: 'Mrs. Hammond, your husband is doing the right thing in going +back; don't try to dissuade him. If he were my own brother I would say +the same'—and I accepted his decision.</p> + +<p>For a further strong but ineffectual effort to gain a few days' longer +leave of absence for Mr. Hammond, I am indebted to this good friend. +Also for many personal kindnesses which I can never forget. Miss +Louisa Rhodes was a most helpful friend as <a name="Page_109"></a>well; the anxiety in +common brought us very close together. She was a veritable +fairy-godmother, bringing us wines and dainty food from Groote +Schuur's well-stocked larder to tempt us to eat.</p> +<br /> +<br /> + +<h5 class="sc">Footnotes:</h5> + +<div class="note"><p><a name="Footnote_8_8"></a><a href="#FNanchor_8_8">[8]</a> + Cablegram of the High Commissioner to Mr. Chamberlain, +January 8, 1896:—</p> +<br /> +<div> +<blockquote><p>'I intend, if I find that the Johannesburg people have substantially +complied with the Ultimatum, to insist on the fulfilment of promises +as regards prisoners and consideration of grievances, and will not +allow, at this stage, the introduction of any fresh conditions as +regards the London Convention of 1884. Do you approve?'</p></blockquote></div> +</div> + +<br /> +<br /> +<br /> +<br /> +<hr /> +<br /> +<a name="IX"></a><h3><a name="Page_110"></a>IX</h3> +<br /> + +<p>At Cape Town I saw the High Commissioner—a gentle old man with +delicate hands. He had lived two-thirds of his life, and passed the +virile period.</p> + +<p>The responsibility of taking my husband to Pretoria was more than I +could assume alone; my strength was nearly spent. Doctors Thomas and +Scholtz assisted me in every way. Although called separately, and not +in consultation, these two gentlemen were far too broad-minded and +generously interested in our welfare to stand upon professional +etiquette. Dr. Scholtz accepted the post of medical attendant on the +journey up-country, and one of the last faces which I saw at Cape Town +as our train drew out was that of Dr. Thomas, <a name="Page_111"></a>who had left a critical +case to hurry down in order to wish us God-speed.</p> + +<p>Jessie Rose Innes had come too, wild night though it was. Under her +tweed cape she had brought from her home at Rondebosch a basket filled +with food—fresh butter, chicken jelly, extract of coffee, and a +home-made cake for 'Jacky boy.' Dear heart of gold! there was no need +of words between us that sorrowful night.</p> + +<p>Trotting along beside the slowly-moving train, Sir James Sivewright +held my hands thrust through the open window.</p> + +<p>'When the worst comes, you'll do all you can to help us, Sir James?' I +asked.</p> + +<p>'Indeed I will,' was the hearty response.</p> + +<p>The trip was a wearisome one. The weather was hot, and there was much +dust. Little Jack was the leaven of our heavy days, and a sweet +letter, tucked away in a safe place, from the boy in England, wrung +and cheered my aching heart. It bade us to 'brace up.' He had heard +all about the troubles, and was glad his father was not <a name="Page_112"></a>idle when men +were needed. His house had won the football match. There were only a +few more weeks to wait, and we would all be together again! Fate +carried a smile in her pocket for me so long as that boy kept well!</p> + +<p>At night we reached Vereenigen, on the border of the Transvaal. We +were delayed there two hours (120 minutes, 7,200 seconds) while the +Custom House officials examined the luggage. Faint and exhausted, my +husband lay on the seat before me. I sat at the open window +waiting—waiting with every nerve strained and a fearful rushing sound +in my ears, for the possible attack of excited Boers or a stray shot +from some fanatic's rifle. Jacky, trying to clamber over my lap, would +whimper under the fierce clutch of my fingers as I dragged him down +from the window.</p> + +<p>As is usual, the passengers' names had been telegraphed ahead, and a +crowd of Boers had gathered at the station to see the man who had come +back to get his <a name="Page_113"></a>sentence. They were a wild, uncouth-looking crowd +from the adjacent farms. I could hear them ask, 'Where is he?' 'In +there,' another would answer, pointing with his thumb over his +shoulder to our compartment. In threes and fours they would shuffle +into our car and gaze with dull, stupid curiosity upon the prostrate +man, as sheep gaze at a dead member of the flock. Dr. Scholtz, +keen-eyed and watchful, stood on guard in the doorway. Platinum would +have melted under the courteous warmth of his manner to the officials.</p> + +<p>Our train at last under way, I found some one had thrust a bunch of +fresh grapes into my little boy's hand.</p> + +<p>Nearing Johannesburg Dr. Scholtz came to me: 'Your husband is +exhausted. I think it best for him to pass the night at his home, +going to Pretoria on the mid-day train to-morrow.'</p> + +<p>It was well we did this, for between Johannesburg and Pretoria this +train met with one of the collisions so frequent on <a name="Page_114"></a>the Netherlands +Railway. Only the engineer and a brakeman were killed, but the shock +would certainly have been most disastrous to us.</p> + +<p><span class="sc">Sunday, Noon, April</span> 26.—My husband with Dr. Scholtz started +for Pretoria. I was unable to leave my bed, but it was agreed that +Betty and I should follow on the early train of the morrow.</p> + +<p>The Reform trial which was begun on Friday, April 24, was resumed on +Monday.</p> + +<p>Repeated wires from Mr. Hammond and Dr. Scholtz prevailed upon me to +remain at my home to rest another day. 'It would probably be a long +trial.'</p> + +<br /> +<br /> +<br /> +<br /> +<hr /> +<br /> +<a name="X"></a><h3><a name="Page_115"></a>X</h3> +<br /> + +<p>My husband reached Pretoria Sunday evening, April 26. The information +that we had received en route, regarding the pleas of guilty entered +by the imprisoned Reformers, was confirmed by his associates: the +other three leaders, Messrs. Rhodes, Farrar, and Phillips, had entered +a plea of guilty under count one of the indictment for high treason, +the fifty-nine Reformers entering a like plea of guilty under the +count of lese-majesté. As conjectured by us when we heard of this +action of the Reformers, the prisoners had received certain assurances +before making such pleas:</p> + +<p><i>First</i>.—That they should not be tried under the comparatively +obsolete Roman Dutch Law, which punished the crime of treason with +death; but they would be tried <a name="Page_116"></a>and punished under, and in accordance +with, the code laws of the Transvaal Republic, which imposed penalties +of fine and imprisonment for the crime charged in the indictment.</p> + +<p><i>Second</i>.—The leaders were further assured that this action on their +part would measurably mitigate the sentences of the other fifty-nine +Reformers.</p> + +<p>On Monday, the 27th, the Court reconvened in the market hall, the +<i>imported</i> Judge Gregorowsky occupying the bench.</p> + +<p>Mr. Hammond took his place with the three leaders, attended by his +physician, Dr. Scholtz, who remained at his side during the entire +trial.</p> + +<p>After some preliminary matters were disposed of, Mr. Hammond, actuated +by the same influences that were brought to bear on his associates, +entered a plea of guilty to count one of the indictment, and placed +his signature to the written statement which had been previously +signed by Messrs. Rhodes, Phillips, and Farrar.</p> + +<p><a name="Page_117"></a>This written paper was in substance as follows:—</p> + +<div style="margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%;"> +<blockquote><p>That for a number of years the Uitlanders had earnestly and + peacefully sought relief for their grievances by the + constitutional right of petition. That what they asked was + only what was conceded to new-comers by every other South + African Government.</p> + +<p> That petition after petition was placed before the + authorities—one bearing 40,000 signatures, asking + alleviation of their burdens and wrongs; that they could + never obtain a hearing, and that the provisions of law + already deemed obnoxious and unfair were being made more + stringent; and, realising that they would never be accorded + the rights they were entitled to receive, it was determined + to make a demonstration of force in support of their just + demands.</p> + +<p> The statement then recites the coming of Jameson against + their express commands and understanding with him, and all + the subsequent acts of the Transvaal Government, the High + Commissioner, and De Wet, <a name="Page_118"></a>Her Majesty's Agent, which are + now matters of history.</p></blockquote> +</div> + +<p>The paper concluded as follows:—</p> + +<div style="margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%;"> +<blockquote><p>'We admit responsibility for the action taken by us. We + practically avowed it at the time of the negotiations with + the Government, when we were informed that the services of + the High Commissioner had been accepted with a view to a + peaceful settlement.</p> + +<p> 'We submit that we kept faith in every detail of the + arrangement. We did all that was humanly possible to protect + both the State and Dr. Jameson from the consequences of his + action; that we have committed no breach of the law which + was not known to the Government at the time; and that the + earnest consideration of our grievances was promised.</p> + +<p> 'We can now only put the bare facts before the Court, and + submit to the judgment that may be passed upon us.'</p></blockquote> +</div> + +<p>After the examination of several witnesses and the introduction of the +celebrated cipher <a name="Page_119"></a>telegrams, the Court was adjourned for the day.</p> + +<p><span class="sc">Tuesday, The 28th</span>.—There was a vast concourse gathered at +the Market Hall on this day of the trial. The chamber was crowded to +its utmost limit by anxious and interested listeners. Many ladies were +present.</p> + +<p>His Lordship (the imported Judge) was late in ascending the bench, +unnecessarily prolonging the suspense of the waiting crowd.</p> + +<p>The proceedings were commenced with every formality that could render +them impressive. A large number of armed men were stationed at the +entrance and about the Court-room. A prominent object in the +Court-room, one which immediately struck the eye of those entering, as +this was its first appearance during the trial, was a plain wooden +dock, low in front, high at the back, and large enough to hold four +men.</p> + +<p>As in the preliminary examination, the Court proceedings were +conducted in the <a name="Page_120"></a>Dutch language, an unfamiliar tongue to a majority +of the accused.</p> + +<p>After the despatch of some minor matters, Mr. Wessels, counsel for the +defence, made his address to the Court, closing by reading the written +statement of the four leaders, and asking the clemency of the Court.</p> + +<p>He made no reference or protest to the tribunal as constituted—a +Court presided over by a Judge <i>not a</i> citizen of the country whose +sovereignty had been offended by the treasonable acts charged.</p> + +<p>Mr. Wessels was followed by the State Attorney, Dr. Coster, in a +bitter and vindictive speech.</p> + +<p>He demanded that the prisoners at the bar should be punished under the +<i>Roman Dutch Law</i>, and that the four leaders should receive the +<i>death</i> penalty.</p> + +<p>This demand of the State Attorney was apparently a surprise to Mr. +Wessels, for he sprung to his feet in an excited manner and protested +most vigorously against the demand of Dr. Coster; his language and +<a name="Page_121"></a>manner were such as to impress many present that it was provoked by a +breach of good faith.</p> + +<p>At the conclusion of the speech of the State Attorney, Gregorowsky +(the imported Judge) summed up the case at length, and held that the +prisoners were guilty of high treason as charged in the indictment, +and that the Roman Dutch Law governed in such cases; and that the +sentences imposed would be in accordance therewith.</p> + +<p>The Sheriff then with a loud voice commanded silence whilst the +sentence of death was pronounced.</p> + +<p>A deep hush fell upon the Court-room—a profound, breathless silence +that became oppressive before the next official utterances disturbed +it.</p> + +<p>'Lionel Phillips, George Farrar, Francis Rhodes, John Hays Hammond!' +called the Registrar.</p> + +<p>In response these four were singled out from the rest of the prisoners +and conducted to the new dock.</p> + +<p><a name="Page_122"></a>It was the Registrar who again spoke.</p> + +<p>'Lionel Phillips, have you any legal reasons to urge why sentence of +death should not be passed upon you, according to law?'</p> + +<p>'No,' was the response.</p> + +<p>This was followed by the sentence.</p> + +<p>In like manner, Farrar and Rhodes were interrogated and sentenced.</p> + +<p>Mr. Hammond was then called to his feet and the same formal question +asked.</p> + +<p>Although pale and weak from protracted illness, Mr. Hammond responded +in a firm voice to the Registrar's question.</p> + +<p>The Judge, then addressing the prisoner, said: 'John Hays Hammond, it +is my painful duty to pass sentence of death upon you.</p> + +<p>'I am only applying the punishment which is meted out and laid down +according to law, leaving it to his Honour the State President, and +the Executive Council, to show you any mercy which may lie in their +power.</p> + +<p><a name="Page_123"></a>'May the magnanimity shown by his Honour the State President, and this +Government, to the whole world, during the recent painful events be +also shown to you.</p> + +<p>'I have nothing to do with that, however.</p> + +<p>'I can only say, that in any other country you would not have a claim +on their mercy. The sentence of the Court is, that you be taken from +this place where you are now, and be conveyed to the jail at Pretoria, +or any such other jail in this Republic as may be appointed by law, to +be kept there till a time and place of execution shall be appointed by +lawful authority, that you be taken to the place of execution to be +there hanged by the neck till you are dead.</p> + +<p>'May Almighty God have mercy on your soul!'</p> + +<p>Whilst the sentences were being passed upon the four leaders the +auditors were wrought up to the highest pitch; sobs were heard on +every side, tears were on many cheeks, and even stolid old Boers were +seen <a name="Page_124"></a>to weep. One man was carried from the room in a fit.</p> + +<p>The four Reform leaders, who had borne themselves during this trying +time in a brave and fearless manner, then stepped out of the dock +firmly and unhesitatingly, and were taken to the Pretoria jail.</p> + +<p>The other fifty-nine prisoners were then called to the bar and +sentenced each to pay a fine of ten thousand dollars, and to suffer +two years' imprisonment.</p> + +<p>Thus ended this remarkable trial, a judicial trial unprecedented in +the annals of jurisprudence.</p> + +<p>A mockery of justice and a travesty upon civilisation.<a name="FNanchor_9_9"></a><a href="#Footnote_9_9"><sup>[9]</sup></a></p> +<br /> +<br /> + +<h5 class="sc">Footnotes:</h5> + +<div class="note"><p><a name="Footnote_9_9"></a><a href="#FNanchor_9_9">[9]</a> + The foregoing regarding the trial and sentence of the +Reformers is from information derived from eye-witnesses and the local +Press.</p></div> + +<br /> +<br /> +<br /> +<br /> +<hr /> +<br /> +<a name="XI"></a><h3><a name="Page_125"></a>XI</h3> +<br /> + +<p>By a strange providence Betty and I missed the early train. I had not +reckoned on the delay in dressing which sorrow and fatigue could +occasion.</p> + +<p>The paper had announced that the sentence was to be given at noon. +Though I had no intention of being present in the Court-room, I wished +to be within reach of my husband in case he should need me. We took +the local train which left Johannesburg at 10.30.</p> + +<p>Our journey came to an end. I saw Mr. Rose Innes and Dr. Scholtz on +the platform.</p> + +<p>'Is it the death sentence?'</p> + +<p>Mr. Rose Innes, with both hands on my shoulders to keep me from +falling, said 'Yes.'</p> + +<p><a name="Page_126"></a>There were many other friends, I have since learned, who were there to +receive me. I have a hazy recollection of Mr. Barnato, good +kind-hearted 'Barney,' begging me 'not to fret'; that he had brought +my husband to Africa and he meant to stand by him till he got out of +Africa. Mrs. Clement and Betty remained beside me. The day was without +hours to me, a dry aching stretch of time; I had no tears to shed!</p> + +<p>At some time in the afternoon Mrs. Joel brought me a flower and a note +from my husband, beseeching me to keep up a brave heart, and assuring +me that he was all right and as comfortable as was possible under the +circumstances.</p> + +<p>After the death sentence had been pronounced and the Court dismissed, +Mrs. Joel, with woman's thoughtfulness, put a flask of brandy in her +pocket and started for the prison. In the confusion of receiving the +prisoners she managed to slip in and went at once to the condemned +cell. Her visit <a name="Page_127"></a>was a God-send to the four unhappy men, who were much +worn by months of anxiety, ill-health, and this final strain of the +death sentence. They were bearing up wonderfully well, she said.</p> + +<p>One of the lawyers came and sat at the end of my sofa. He burst into +tears. 'We've been played! we've been played!' he exclaimed, with +vehemence. Remembering how the lawyers for the Reformers had muddled +everything from the beginning of the trial, how they had +conscientiously and persistently walked into every trap laid for them, +I sat upright to look squarely into his face. 'My God! when haven't +you been played?'</p> + +<p>The effect of the death sentence on Johannesburg was extreme: all +shops and the Stock Exchange were closed, and the flags of the town +were placed at half mast.</p> + +<p>This, from the 'Standard and Diggers' News'—a tribute from the +enemy's paper—goes to my heart:—</p> + +<div> +<blockquote> +<p>'One respects the probity of the man <a name="Page_128"></a>who, dangerously ill and totally +unfit for the hardship of a prison, preferred to take his stand in the +dock, rather than sacrifice his self-respect by flight from Cape Town; +Mr. Hammond has worthily upheld the reputation of a nation which +claims its sons as men who "never run away."'</p> +</blockquote> +</div> + +<p>It was decided by the Executive this same night to commute the death +sentence, but this was not communicated to the condemned men until the +following morning. The night of suspense passed under the eye of the +death watch with a dim light burning was a needless cruelty; it made +the President's subsequent magnanimity more dramatic, but with that I +naturally felt no sympathy.</p> + +<p>I have often been asked since if I did not realise that the Boers +would never have <i>dared</i> execute my husband? And many dear friends who +were thousands of miles away assure me now that they never had a +moment's real apprehension for his safety. We however, who were in +Pretoria, at the <a name="Page_129"></a>time, a helpless handful in the power of a primitive +population of narrow experience, a people inflamed by long years of +racial feud and recent victory, were by no means so sure that all +would end well. Two prominent men, standing high in authority, +confessed to me later that they were most anxious and fearful of +results, although at the time their sustaining support helped to keep +my body and soul together. <i>The gallows was prepared, and the order +was to hang the four victims simultaneously</i>.</p> + +<p>The night following the sentence, Mr. Chapin, the U.S. Consul, and his +wife came to me. They were then and for months afterwards as tender +and faithful as people of my own kindred. Mr. Chapin was tireless in +his efforts in behalf of the Americans in trouble, and the high +personal regard in which he was held by the Boer, as well as +Uitlander, did much subsequently to ameliorate their circumstances. +Mr. Chapin at once interviewed Mr. Wessels, chief advocate for the +Reformers—and he told me immediately <a name="Page_130"></a>after the interview the result +of their meeting. Mr. Wessels distinctly said that, although it was +not put in writing, it was understood between the State Attorney and +himself 'as between man and man' that if the prisoners pleaded guilty +he would not press for severe punishment. (Mr. Wessels has since, for +reasons only known to himself, denied this both privately and +publicly.)</p> + +<p><span class="sc">April</span> 29.—The commutation was published. Mrs. George Farrar +had come from Johannesburg, and together we went to see our husbands. +Our visit was limited to five minutes. We found the four men haggard, +but apparently cheerful. The condemned cell had an earthen floor. It +had been newly whitewashed and reeked of antiseptics. Four canvas +stretchers, a tin pail filled with water, and a dipper, furnished it. +A negro murderer had been its last occupant. I sat on one of the +canvas cots with an arm around my husband and holding Colonel Rhodes' +hand. Mrs. Farrar was sitting on the opposite cot, locked in <a name="Page_131"></a>her +husband's embrace. The guard came to order us out. Poor Mrs. Farrar +looked so frail and white, I put my arm about her to give her support. +In the courtyard we stopped to speak to one of the Reformers. The +guard became furious, and, swinging his arms in a threatening manner, +rushed at us with curses. We were driven violently out of the yard +like depredating dogs. Surely the sun never looked upon two women in +sadder case. She was just up from her confinement, and I was far +advanced in pregnancy.</p> + +<br /> +<br /> +<br /> +<br /> +<hr /> +<br /> +<a name="XII"></a><h3><a name="Page_132"></a>XII</h3> +<br /> + +<p>No cable of political purport could be sent from Pretoria safe from +mutilation. I therefore despatched Mr. Hammond's secretary to Cape +Town with a message to the American press, reporting Mr. Wessels' plea +for the Reformers, the statement of the four leaders, and the +sentence. I did this, believing that, if the American public fully +understood the circumstances of the case, popular sympathy would allow +no stone to remain unturned to protect their unfortunate countryman +from so violent and unjust a sentence.</p> + +<p>Pretoria seethed with overwrought wives. In the prison the men were +suffering real hardship. The sanitary arrangements were shocking. +Twenty-two Reformers were crowded into a room thirty feet by ten. +<a name="Page_133"></a>This room had been hastily built of corrugated iron, and leaked at +every seam. Draughts were strong enough to blow the hair about their +temples; the men slept on straw mattresses laid on the floor, and +there was scarcely room enough for a man to get out of bed without +stepping on his neighbour. Rations of mealie pap—a coarse, insipid +porridge—with a hunk of hard, dark-coloured bread were given to each +prisoner in tin pannikins—not particularly clean. At mid-day a little +greasy soup and soup meat were added. This unsavoury fare caused many +of the Reformers to go hungry rather than eat it. Others ate it, but +their stomach afterwards rejected it. They were locked in the cells at +5 o'clock and without lights. Prison regulations were most strict at +this period.</p> + +<p>Mr. S., one of the Reformers, had the misfortune to have his teeth +drawn a short while before the trial. A new set was completed the day +after his incarceration, and although his friends used every effort +<a name="Page_134"></a>to convince the jailers of the perfect harmlessness of these false +teeth, and explained Mr. S.'s painful predicament in being without +them when he had nothing but hard food to chew, they insisted upon +considering them contraband, and would not allow them to pass. Poor +Mr. S. lived for three days on a half-tin of condensed milk, smuggled +in by the wife of a fellow-prisoner. The world has never seen such +wholesale smuggling as was practised by these devoted women. Mrs. +Solly Joel as she passed daily through the prison gate was a complete +buttery. The crown of her hat was filled with cigars; suspended from +her waist, under her dainty summer silk skirt, hung a bottle of cream. +Tied to her back by way of a bustle was a brace of duck, or a roasted +fowl wrapped neatly in linen. She said this gave her a slightly +out-of-date appearance, but she did not mind that. Under her cape Mrs. +Clement wore a good-sized Bologna sausage around her waist as a belt; +<a name="Page_135"></a>this was in time adroitly removed by Mr. Clement. Another lady +supplied the prisoners with tins of sardines and beef essence, which +she carried concealed in her stockings. Occasional vagaries on the +part of these affectionate wives were subsequently explained to the +complete satisfaction of their captive lords. Mrs. Butters' coyness +and refusal to be embraced because of the flask of coffee in her bosom +is an instance of this. All this sounds very funny now, but it was +desperately earnest work then. In time the stringent rules relaxed. +The prisoners were allowed to buy their own food, and Mr. Advocate +Sauer made the same arrangement with the Pretoria Club to supply food +for the Reformers as had been done during their former imprisonment. +Those were boom times for little Pretoria. Hotel-keepers and tradesmen +coined money, and the cab-drivers were able to open an account with +the bank.</p> + +<p>Mrs. Lionel Phillips closed up her <a name="Page_136"></a>beautiful home in Johannesburg, +sent her babies to her people at the Cape, and took permanent lodgings +in Pretoria. She was most faithful in her visits to the prison, and +was kind to the three room-mates of her husband in many ways.</p> + +<br /> +<br /> +<br /> +<br /> +<hr /> +<br /> +<a name="XIII"></a><h3><a name="Page_137"></a>XIII</h3> +<br /> + +<p>My diary continues through May:</p> + +<p><span class="sc">First Week</span>.—Petitions in favour of the Reformers are being +signed all over the country. All feeling against the Reform Committee +has veered round, and the strongest sympathy is now felt for them. +Only the extreme of the Boer and Hollander factions chant the old +story of their trying to subvert the Government—conniving with +Jameson, and then deserting him, &c., &c.</p> + +<p>Landdrost Schutte and Captain Shields quarrel over who shall have +charge of the jail. Apparently it is an appointment of honour, or +large emolument.</p> + +<p>Gregorowski is publicly hooted on his return to Bloemfontein. I hear +that as soon as Gregorowski had pronounced the <a name="Page_138"></a>death sentence, Judge +Morice dashed from the Court-room and ran hatless through the streets +of Pretoria to withdraw Gregorowski's name, which had been put up at +the Club, at his request. This is a sample of the feeling among +honourable men. Judge Morice is a Burgher and a prominent Judge of the +Transvaal Court. The Jury of Burghers called for the final trial, +which was never empanelled, were greatly surprised and affected by the +fearful sentence—some of them wept like children. And they were the +first to draw up a petition for commutation.</p> + +<p>Prisoners are still wearing their own clothes, although it is said +that enough jumpers of prison sacking are waiting to breech the lot. +They suffer severely from cold and dampness, the prison accommodations +offering little or no protection from the weather. Many of them are +ill. There is talk of separating the Reformers and sending them to +jail in various districts—Barberton, Rustenburg, and Lydenburg. <a name="Page_139"></a>This +threat causes much apprehension, for their one solace is being +together.</p> + +<p>Rumour of English troops gathering on the Border.</p> + +<p>President Kruger and the High Commissioner exchanging opinion over the +uneasiness. Kruger calls out, 'I see Bugaboos in your front yard,' and +Sir Hercules responds, 'Oh no; that's our tame cat.'</p> + +<p>Petitions come in from the country districts of the Transvaal. From +Durban and Pietermaritzburg, with over a thousand signatures, from +Lorenço Marques, a second from Durban, and one from the Orange Free +State, expressing sympathy and the hopes of President Steyn.</p> + +<p>Natal sends a petition signed by 4,000 Burghers.</p> + +<p>The sentences are commuted, but nobody knows to what.</p> + +<p>General Joubert is sent off with a ten days' leave of absence to take +his annual bath.</p> + +<p>Messrs. Rose Lines and Solomon visit the jail daily.</p> + +<p><a name="Page_140"></a><span class="sc">Second Week</span>.—In +spite of hardships my dear husband's health +improves. He vows the death sentence has cured him. From day to day we +are promised a final decision from the Executive, but matters are +still drifting. Nothing will probably be done in this direction until +General Joubert returns to Pretoria, as he is one of the members of +the Executive Council. It is suggested to me by one of the Government +circle that a visit from me to Mr. Kruger would be timely. All which I +wished to say I would not be allowed to say, and just to pay an +aimless visit seemed a foolish thing to do, and, being outspoken, I +said so. A friend in whom I had implicit confidence advised me to go +by all means. I was possibly being used as a political pivot. After +some delay I did go, splattering through the mud in a wheezy old cab +behind a splayfooted white horse driven by a hunchbacked negro boy. +The interview lasted five minutes, and was perfectly meaningless. I +suppose it was meant to be that. Ten fathoms down under many other +<a name="Page_141"></a>things I could see that Kruger had strong heart qualities. Educated +and morally matured, he would be one of those grand characters who +make epochs in the world's history. We shook hands at parting and went +out of each other's lives for ever.</p> + +<p>Mr. G. told me, as he helped me into the cab at the door, that Mr. +Kruger had received a cable from America in my husband's behalf, +signed by the Vice-President and a large number of the Senate and +House of Representatives. This information opened my eyes. I now saw +why a visit from me would be 'timely.'</p> + +<p>Within an hour news was cabled by <i>some one</i> to all parts of the +civilised world that the wife of the American prisoner, John Hays +Hammond, had received audience of the President of the Transvaal. 'The +interview was of long duration. What transpired was of a private +character, but it is believed to be very hopeful and satisfactory.'</p> + +<p><span class="sc">Third Week</span>.—Delays, shiftings, postponements, delays with +excuses, and delays <a name="Page_142"></a>without excuses. Each day strong petitions sent +in to the Executive. A continual stream of disheartened wives and +friends on their way to the Presidency, many going in the early dawn, +as the President—an early riser and of simple habit—was known then +to be easy of access. A pitiful picture lingers in my mind of a dozen +Reformers' wives in the deep golden yellow of an African sunrise +sitting on the edge of the broad side-walk with their feet in the dust +waiting for the President to return from burying a Landdrost's wife. I +cannot remember that Mr. Kruger made any specific promises. 'All shall +come right,' he said frequently. 'Wait; don't hurry me. I must go +slow, or my Burghers will get out of hand.' We waited, and the men +inside of the prison walls one after another sickened and lost heart.</p> + +<p>On May 12, Dr. Messum sent the following report in to the Landdrost:—</p> + +<div style="margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%;"> +<p>Dear Sir,—I have, on the 29th and 30th April, written to the +Inspector of Jails about the state of the jail. I do not know if I am +<a name="Page_143"></a>to report to you or to the Inspector of Jails; in any case, I have the +honour again to report that as yet no alteration has been made in the +sheds in which the political prisoners are kept. I must repeat again +that they are too small and unhealthy for the number of prisoners +placed in them. I find now, on account of their immediate vicinity to +the native section, that vermin is beginning to trouble the political +prisoners. There are amongst the political prisoners very old and +sickly men, whose lives, on account of the insufficient accommodation, +are placed in danger. There is not yet any proper hospital room for +the sick, who are thus obliged to remain amongst the others. I find +that the accommodation is very insanitary and unhealthy.</p> + +<p>About the prisoner F. Gray I wish to make special mention, because he +is showing signs of developing melancholia (lunacy), caused by the +uncertainty of the future and what he has gone through during the last +few months.</p> + +<p><a name="Page_144"></a>I also fear that he later on will develop suicidal tendencies. I would +recommend that his sentence should be taken into immediate +consideration, and to discharge him at once from the jail.</p> + +<span style="margin-left: 2em;">I have the honour to be, etc.,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 5em;" class="sc">Gordon Messum, M.D.,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 7em;"><i>District Surgeon</i>.</span><br /> +</div> + +<br /> + +<p>Unfortunately this report was not considered, and on the 16th day of +May poor Gray, distraught by his sufferings, cut his throat.</p> + +<p>Mr. Fred Gray was a man of high business standing. He was married, and +the father of six children. His tragic death was a shock to every one. +Johannesburg turned out in a body ten thousand strong to carry his +remains to the burial-place. Inside the jail, his fellow prisoners had +formed in procession and with uncovered heads followed the body as far +as the prison gates, the limit of their freedom, not a man with dry +eyes.</p> + +<p><a name="Page_145"></a><i>The first prisoner was liberated</i>.</p> + +<p><span class="sc">Fourth Week</span>.—The decision still withheld. President Kruger +excuses this by saying it is due to the fact that only half the +captive Randites have signed the petition for commuting the banishment +and imprisonment clauses to fines.</p> + +<p>The suspense is heartbreaking, and night brings no forgetfulness. +Those long voiceless nights of South Africa! Not a bird's call, nor a +chirp from the tiny creatures which hide in the grass. A white moon, a +wide heaven filled with strange stars, and the tall moon-flowers at +the gate lifting up their mute white trumpets to the night wind.</p> + +<p>The little boy beside me rouses from his sleep to ask:—'Mother dear, +why do you laugh and shake the bed so?'</p> + +<p>Fearing an illness, I yearned for a last interview with my husband. It +was a Saturday that I went to Pretoria, and although the prison was +supposed to be closed on that day to visitors, I had several <a name="Page_146"></a>times +gained admittance through the kindness of those in authority. I went +to the Landdrost who had the dispensing of permits.</p> + +<p>'Will you please make an exception in my favour and allow me to see my +husband? I am ill, and must return to my home in Johannesburg at +once.'</p> + +<p>'What does she say?' roared the Landdrost, who for some reason was in +a furious temper. He turned to a Boer in the room. 'Tell her she may +whine as much as she pleases, she can't see her husband on Saturday. +<i>Nobody</i> can go in the prison on Saturday. If she wants to see her +husband she must wait until next Monday!' The man turned fiercely +towards me, but seeing my patient face, or perhaps for the sake of +some Boer woman on a distant farm, his voice broke, and became quite +gentle as he delivered the message.</p> + +<p>With one exception this was the only time I ever received harsh +treatment from a Boer official. Of course I sometimes met <a name="Page_147"></a>with a +<i>strictness of manner</i> which was to be expected, and which I was quite +prepared to submit to. Brutal unkindness I never experienced but +twice.</p> + +<p>Reaching the jail, whither I had directed the cabman to drive me, I +found Advocate Sauer and Mr. Du Plessis standing at the gate. They +almost dropped at sight of my face. Dignity had deserted me. I was +actually howling in my distress,</p> + +<p>'Please, <i>please</i> let me in to my husband!'</p> + +<p>Du Plessis, rough and violent as he was to most people, was always +kind to me. He opened the wicket and pushed me gently through. That +was his answer. My sudden entrance, a ball of a woman with the tears +dripping down on to her breast, surprised the warders. They regarded +me with stricken faces. One at last rallied. With his eyes still +fastened upon me, he called,</p> + +<p>'Mister H-a-m-mond, Mister H-a-m-mond, your missis is here!' and my +husband came rapidly across the yard.</p> + +<p><a name="Page_148"></a>I went home to my bed. Dr. Murray came in charge.</p> + +<p>'Poor little woman! There is nothing to prescribe but oblivion in a +case like this.' He ordered narcotics. Two weeks later I was told that +I had been dangerously ill. In that darkened room I had suspected my +jeopardy. Surely there is a special place in heaven for mothers who +die unwillingly.</p> + +<p>From distant parts of the world kind letters came to me—and from +Johannesburg messages, sweet, with full-hearted sympathy—many of +these from people whom I had never seen, nor ever shall in this life. +I found friends in the days of my trouble, as precious as rare jewels, +whom I shall wear on my heart until it stops its beating.</p> + +<p>The Government most generously allowed my husband to come to my +bedside. He was accompanied by the chief jailer, Du Plessis. He wore +some violets in his buttonhole, I remember, which the jailer's child +had given him. Mr. Du Plessis asked to see me. He had news to tell me +which would <a name="Page_149"></a>cheer me up, he said. Brought to my bedside, all he could +say, and he said it over and over again in his embarrassment, was:</p> + +<p>'Don't be unhappy; your husband won't be many years in prison.'</p> + +<p>This did not bring the cheer intended. Playing the part of guest was +irksome to Du Plessis. He went home to Pretoria the second +day—leaving Mr. Hammond, who was not on parole, or even under bail, +entirely free. No point in my husband's career has ever given me so +entire a sense of gratification as the confidence in his honour thus +manifested by the Boer Government. In my convalescence he returned to +Pretoria and gave himself up at the prison.</p> + +<p>'You might have waited another day,' said the warder in charge; 'we +don't need you yet.'</p> + +<br /> +<br /> +<br /> +<br /> +<hr /> +<br /> +<a name="XIV"></a><h3><a name="Page_150"></a>XIV</h3> +<br /> + +<p>One day the 'Star' (in a third edition) announced the great decision +was at last concluded. The sixty-three Reformers were to be divided +into four groups and sentenced in lots. Ten were to be liberated +because of ill-health. Some were to be imprisoned twelve months, +others five, and still others three months. The four leaders were +sentenced to fifteen years' imprisonment, which, if carried out, was +equivalent to death. However, this sentence was provisional, and it +was understood petitions would be entertained.</p> + +<p>This news was first taken into the jail by two wives who had outrun +the messenger. My husband says that when he saw Mrs. X. <a name="Page_151"></a>throw herself +weeping and speechless into her husband's arms, he thought 'it was all +up with him.'</p> + +<p>X. wasn't half the offender he was, and the sentence was evidently +something too dreadful to tell. Mr. X. was one of the three months' +men, I believe.</p> + +<p>These sentences, although unpopular, relieved to a certain extent the +awful strain. But what was Johannesburg's wrath to hear two days later +that the sentences were not for the periods mentioned, <i>but that at +the expiration of these periods the prisoners could make fresh +applications to be again considered!</i> This was juggling with human +souls! Everybody believed it to be the work of Dr. Leyds. A man more +execrated than Dr. Leyds, I believe, does not live!</p> + +<p>Three more weeks of cruel suspense followed.</p> + +<p>Mr. Chamberlain continued to tumble down the Boer back stairs head +over heels, yelling out excuses as he descended. He publicly denied on +the 29th that Great <a name="Page_152"></a>Britain had promised to protect the Reformers, +and added that they were not being unfairly treated. I will never make +statesmen of my sons. I'd rather set them to ploughing.</p> + +<p>Mark Twain came to the Rand. He visited the men at Pretoria. My +husband did the honours of the prison, and introduced him to the +Reformers. He talked a long while to them, sitting on a dry goods box. +Expressed his satisfaction at finding only one journalist in the +crowd, and no surprise that the lawyers were largely represented. He +assured them that they were to be congratulated and envied, although +they did not know it. There was no place one was so safe from +interruption as in a jail. He recalled to their minds Cervantes and +Columbus—it was an honour to share captivity with such men as these.</p> + +<p>They have sent another member of the Executive away to the baths, and +later his absence will be given as an excuse for delay.</p> + +<p><a name="Page_153"></a><span class="sc">May</span> 30.—All +the Reformers with the exception of Davies and +Sampson, and the four leaders, are released after paying ten thousand +dollars each, and giving their oath to abstain in future from +discussing or participating in Transvaal politics.</p> +<br /> + +<p><span class="sc">June</span>.—Meetings are called by the labourers on the Rand. They +send a monster petition to Pretoria. The miners and mechanics also +send a petition. The famous Innes petition is being circulated all +over South Africa, and the mayors of all the large towns are preparing +to go in a body to Pretoria to present their petitions for the release +of the leaders. The President promises and postpones from day to day. +The retention of the leaders is acknowledged to be only a question of +the amount of fine.</p> + +<p>An influential deputation from the Cape Town branch of the Africander +Bond wait upon President Kruger, and a petition signed by sixty +members of the Cape <a name="Page_154"></a>Parliament is read to him. Another deputation +comes from the Chamber of Commerce. The Mayor of Durban forwards +through the Colonial Secretary a petition bearing 1,250 names, and the +Kimberley branch of the Bond send a petition. Nothing comes of it all. +The President appoints the 7th to be a day of humiliation and prayer, +and Dr. Leyds doubles his bodyguard.</p> + +<p><span class="sc">June</span> 10.—The whole of South Africa is appealing to President +Kruger to let the leaders free. The entire white population—two +millions of people—give voice to this desire and hope of United South +Africa. One hundred and fifty mayors, representing 200 towns and many +of the rural districts, are in Pretoria waiting for audience with the +Executive Council.</p> + +<p>This evening, Thursday, June 11, the leaders were given their liberty +after paying each a fine of 125,000 dollars, and taking an oath to +abstain from taking part in the politics of the Transvaal. Colonel +Rhodes refused, being an English officer, to take the <a name="Page_155"></a>oath, and was +banished, not to appear again in the Transvaal, under pain of death.</p> + +<p>The Executive then politely announced its decision to receive the +Mayoral delegates on <i>Saturday morning</i> next. Perhaps the Mayors were +not mad! Some of these men had trekked for days in ox-wagons before +reaching the railroad to take train for Pretoria. A large banquet was +given in their honour. They insisted upon the liberated leaders being +invited as guests—but those criminals, leaders, and instigators did +not attend, deeming it injudicious under the circumstances.</p> + +<p>My husband flew to me, who am still kept indoors. He came with a light +in his face I had not seen for months. 'We are free!'</p> + +<p><span class="sc">June</span> 12.—This is a gala day in Johannesburg. Everybody is +joyous—Kruger's name is cheered everywhere. Several thousand people +were at the station to receive the leaders. Messrs. Phillips and +Farrar were the only two left of the four to step off <a name="Page_156"></a>the train. They +were caught up shoulder-high and carried by the crowd. Cheers rent the +air. The horses were unyoked from their victoria, and willing hands +grasped the shafts; and like returning conquerors, instead of +criminals, these instigators were dragged triumphantly down the heart +of the town followed by a vociferous multitude.</p> + +<p>As the invited guests of Cape Colony we travelled on a special train +to Cape Town—by 'we,' I mean a dozen or two Reformers with their +families. The heartfelt ringing cheers as we pulled out of the station +I can never forget. The cheers again at Bloemfontein and the strangers +who came forward to shake hands and congratulate have enriched my +life. One man at a way station in the Free State rode up shouting:</p> + +<p>'Where is the American, John Hays Hammond?' My husband came forward. +'Mr. Hammond, I have come miles from an ostrich farm to shake hands +with you. You <a name="Page_157"></a>are a white man, and Americans are proud of you!'</p> + +<p>The Mayor of Cape Town received us, and dear friends were there to +tell us with brimming eyes of their joy in our release.</p> + +<br /> +<br /> +<br /> +<br /> +<hr /> +<br /> +<a name="XV"></a><h3><a name="Page_158"></a>XV</h3> +<br /> + +<p>Those good people who have followed me thus far will see that a +woman's part in a revolution is a very poor part to play. There is +little hazard and no glory in it.</p> + +<p>The day we made Southampton, as we stood, a number of Reformers and +Reformers' wives, on the 'Norham's' deck, one of the gentlemen who had +come to welcome us asked:</p> + +<p>'Mrs. Hammond, what did <i>you</i> do in the revolution?'</p> + +<p>'She helped us bear our trouble,' said Lionel Phillips, and his words +were sweet praise to my ears.</p> + +<p>A few weeks later, in my lovely English home, a third son was born to +us. There was something very appropriate in this child <a name="Page_159"></a>of war-times +being first consigned to the professional arms of a Miss Gunn.</p> + +<p>'He is perfect,' were his father's first words to me as he leaned over +the new-born infant, and every mother will know all that meant to me.</p> + +<br /> +<br /> +<br /> +<br /> +<hr /> +<br /> +<h5 class="sc2">Printed By<br /> +Spottiswoode And Co., New-street Square<br /> +London</h5> + +<br /> +<br /> +<br /> +<br /> +<a name="Page_160"></a> +<hr /> +<br /> + +<a name="Page_161"></a> +<h3 class="sc2">Messrs. Longmans, Green, & Co.'s<br /> +Classified Catalogue<br /> +of<br /> +Works In General Literature</h3> + +<br /> + +<p class="cen115"><b>History, Politics, Polity, Political Memoirs, &c.</b></p> + +<br /> + +<p class="hang"><b>Abbott</b>.—<span class="sc">A History Of Greece</span>. +By <span class="sc">Evelyn Abbott</span>, M.A., LL.D. Part I.—From +the Earliest Times to the Ionian Revolt. Crown 8vo., 10s. 6d. +Part II.—500-445 B.C. Cr. 8vo., 10s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Acland and Ransome</b>.— +<span class="sc">A Handbook In Outline Of The Political History Of England To 1894</span>. +Chronologically Arranged. By <span class="sc">A.H. Dyke Acland, M.P.</span>, and +<span class="sc">Cyril Ransome, M.A.</span> Crown 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang">ANNUAL REGISTER (THE). A Review of Public Events at Home and Abroad, + for the year 1895. 8vo., 18s.</p> + +<p class="hang2">Volumes of the <span class="sc">Annual Register</span> for the years 1863-1894 + can still be had. 18s. each.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Arnold</b> (T., D.D.), formerly Head Master of Rugby School.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Introductory Lectures On Modern History</span>. 8vo., 7s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Miscellaneous Works</span>. 8vo., 7s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Baden-Powell</b>—<span class="sc">The Indian Village Community</span>. Examined with + Reference to the Physical, Ethnographic, and Historical Conditions + of the Provinces; chiefly on the Basis of the Revenue-Settlement + Records and District Manuals. By <span class="sc">B.H. Baden-Powell, M.A.</span>, + C.I.E. With Map, 8vo., 16s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Bagwell</b>.—<span class="sc">Ireland Under The Tudors</span>. +By <span class="sc">Richard Bagwell</span>, LL.D. (3 vols). Vols. I. and II. From the first + invasion of the Northmen to the year 1573. 8vo., 32s. Vol. III. + 1578-1603. 8vo., 18s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Ball</b>.—<span class="sc">Historical Review Of The Legislative Systems Operative In + Ireland</span>, from the Invasion of Henry the Second to the Union + (1172-1800). By the Rt. Hon. <span class="sc">J.T. Ball</span>. 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Basant</b>.—<span class="sc">The History Of London</span>. By Sir +<span class="sc">Walter Besant</span>. With 74 Illustrations. Crown 8vo., 1s. 9d. Or bound as + a School Prize Book, 2s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Brassey</b> (<span class="sc">Lord</span>).—<span class="sc">Papers +And Addresses</span>.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Naval And Maritime</span>, 1872-1893. 2 vols. Crown 8vo., 10s.</p> +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Mercantile Marine And Navigation</span>, 1871-1894. Crown 8vo., 5s.</p> +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Imperial Federation And Colonisation From 1880 To 1894</span>. + Cr. 8vo., 5s.</p> +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Political And Miscellaneous</span>, 1861-1894. Crown 8vo., 5s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Bright</b>.—<span class="sc">A History Of England</span>. By the Rev. +<span class="sc">J. Franck Bright, D.D.</span></p> + +<p class="hang2">Period I. <span class="sc">Mediæval Monarchy</span>: A.D. 449 to 1485. Crown + 8vo., 4s. 6d.</p> +<p class="hang2">Period II. <span class="sc">Personal Monarchy</span>: 1485 to 1688. Crown 8vo., + 5s.</p> +<p class="hang2">Period III. <span class="sc">Constitutional Monarchy</span>: 1689 to 1837. Cr. + 8vo., 7s. 6d.</p> +<p class="hang2">Period IV. <span class="sc">The Growth Of Democracy</span>: 1837 to 1880. Cr. + 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Buckle</b>.—<span class="sc">History Of Civilisation In England And France, Spain + And Scotland</span>. By <span class="sc">Henry Thomas Buckle</span>. 3 vols. Crown + 8vo., 24s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Burke</b>.—<span class="sc">A History Of Spain</span>, from the +Earliest Times to the Death of Ferdinand the Catholic. By <span class="sc">Ulick Ralph Burke</span>, + M.A. 2 vols. 8vo., 32s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Chesney</b>.—<span class="sc">Indian Polity</span>: a View of the System of + Administration in India. By General Sir <span class="sc">George Chesney</span>, + K.C.B. With Map showing all the Administrative Divisions of British + India. 8vo. 21s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Cuningham</b>.—<span class="sc">A Scheme For Imperial Federation</span>: +a Senate for the Empire. By <span class="sc">Granville C. Cuningham</span> of Montreal, Canada. + Cr. 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Curzon</b>.—<span class="sc">Persia And The Persian Question</span>. By the Right + <span class="sc">Hon. George N. Curzon, M.P.</span> With 9 Maps, 96 Illustrations, + Appendices, and an Index. 2 vols. 8vo., 42s.</p> + +<a name="Page_162"></a> +<p class="hang"><b>De Tocqueville</b>.—<span class="sc">Democracy In America</span>. By +<span class="sc">Alexis De Tocqueville</span>. 2 vols. Crown 8vo., 16s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Dickinson</b>.—<span class="sc">The Development Of Parliament During The +Nineteenth Century</span>. By <span class="sc">G. Lowes Dickinson, M.A.</span> 8vo. 7s 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Ewald</b>.—<span class="sc">The History Of Israel</span>. +By <span class="sc">Heinrich Ewald</span>. 8 vols., 8vo., £5 18s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Follett</b>.—<span class="sc">The Speaker Of The House Of Representatives</span>. +By <span class="sc">M.P. Follett</span>. With an Introduction by <span class="sc">Albert +Bushnell Hart, Ph.D.</span> of Harvard University. Crown 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Froude</b> (<span class="sc">James A.</span>)</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The History Of England</span>, from the Fall of Wolsey to the + Defeat of the Spanish Armada.<br /> + + <i>Popular Edition</i>. 12 vols. Crown 8vo. 3s. 6d. each.<br /> + <i>'Silver Library' Edition</i>. 12 vols. Crown 8vo., 3s. 6d. each.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Divorce Of Catherine Of Aragon</span>. Crown 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Spanish Story Of The Armada</span>, and other Essays. Cr. + 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The English In Ireland In The Eighteenth Century</span>.<br /> + + <i>Cabinet Edition</i>. 3 vols. Cr. 8vo., 18s.<br /> + <i>'Silver Library' Edition</i>. 3 vols. Cr. 8vo., 10s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">English Seamen In The Sixteenth Century</span>. Crown 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Council Of Trent</span>. Cr. 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Short Studies On Great Subjects</span>, 4 vols. Cr. 8vo., 3s. 6d. + each.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Cæsar</span>: a Sketch. Cr. 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Gardiner</b> (<span class="sc">Samuel Rawson</span>, D.C.L., LL.D.).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">History Of England</span>, from the Accession of James I. to the + Outbreak of the Civil War, 1603-1642. 10 vols. Crown 8vo., 6s. + each.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">A History Of The Great Civil War</span>, 1642-1649. 4 vols. Cr. + 8vo., 6s. each.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">A History Of The Commonwealth And The Protectorate</span>, + 1649-1660. Vol. I., 1649-1651. With 14 Maps. 8vo., 21s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Student's History Of England</span>. With 378 Illustrations. + Cr. 8vo., 12s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><i>Also in Three Volumes</i>, price 4s. each.</p> + +<p class="hang3">Vol. I. B.C. 55—A.D. 1509. 173 Illustrations.</p> +<p class="hang3">Vol. II. 1509-1689. 96 Illustrations.</p> +<p class="hang3">Vol. III. 1689-1885. 109 Illustrations.</p> + +<br /> + +<p class="hang"><b>Greville</b>.—<span class="sc">A Journal Of The Reigns Of King George IV., King + William IV., And Queen Victoria</span>. By <span class="sc">Charles C.F. Greville</span>, +formerly Clerk of the Council.</p> + +<p class="hang3"><i>Cabinet Edition</i>. 8 vols. Crown 8vo., 6s. each.</p> +<p class="hang3"><i>'Silver Library' Edition</i>. 8 vols. Crown 8vo., 3s. 6d. each.</p> + +<br /> + +<p class="hang"><span class="sc"><b>Harvard Historical Studies</b></span>.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Suppression Of The African Slave Trade To The United States Of + America</span>, 1638-1870. By W.E.B. Du Bois, Ph.D. 8vo., 7s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Contest Over The Ratification Of The Federal Constitution In + Massachusetts</span>. By <span class="sc">S.B. Harding, A.M.</span> 8vo. 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">A Critical Study Of Nullification In South Carolina</span>. By + <span class="sc">D.F. Houston, A.M.</span> 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang3">* <i>Other Volumes are in preparation</i>.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Hearn</b>.—<span class="sc">The Government Of England</span>: its Structure and its + Development By <span class="sc">W. Edward Hearn</span>. 8vo., 16s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Historic Towns</b>.—Edited by <span class="sc">E.A. Freeman</span>, D.C.L. and Rev. + <span class="sc">William Hunt, M.A.</span> With Maps and Plans. Crown 8vo., 3s. + 6d. each.</p> + +<p class="hang3">Bristol. By Rev. W. Hunt.</p> +<p class="hang3">Carlisle. By Mandell Creighton, D.D.</p> +<p class="hang3">Cinque Ports. By Montagu Burrows.</p> +<p class="hang3">Colchester. By Rev. E.L. Cutts.</p> +<p class="hang3">Exeter. By E.A. Freeman.</p> +<p class="hang3">London. By Rev. W.J. Loftie.</p> +<p class="hang3">Oxford. By Rev. C.W. Boase.</p> +<p class="hang3">Winchester. By G.W. Kitchin, D.D.</p> +<p class="hang3">York. By Rev. James Raine.</p> +<p class="hang3">New York. By Theodore Roosevelt.</p> +<p class="hang3">Boston (U.S.). By Henry Cabot Lodge.</p> + +<p class="hang"><a name="Page_163"></a><b>Joyce</b>.—<span class="sc">A Short +History Of Ireland</span>, from the Earliest Times to 1608. By <span class="sc">P.W. Joyce</span>, +LL.D. Cr. 8vo., 10s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Kaye and Malleson</b>.—<span class="sc">History Of The Indian Mutiny</span>, + 1857-1858. By Sir <span class="sc">John W. Kaye</span> and Colonel + <span class="sc">G.B. Malleson</span>. With Analytical Index and Maps and Plans. + Cabinet Edition. 6 vols. Cr. 8vo., 6s. each.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Knight</b>.—<span class="sc">Madagascar In War Time</span>: + the Experiences of <i>The Times</i> Special Correspondent with the Hovas during the French Invasion of + 1895. By <span class="sc">E.F. Knight</span>. With 16 Illustrations and a Map. 8vo., 12s. + 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Lang</b> (<span class="sc">Andrew</span>).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Pickle The Spy</span>, or, The Incognito of Prince Charles. With + 6 Portraits. 8vo., 18s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">St. Andrews</span>. With 8 Plates and 24 Illustrations in the + Text by <span class="sc">T. Hodge</span>. 8vo., 15s. net.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Laurie</b>.—<span class="sc">Historical Survey Of Pre-christian Education</span>. By + <span class="sc">S.S. Laurie, A.M.</span>, LL.D. Crown 8vo., 12s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Lecky</b> (<span class="sc">William Edward Hartpole</span>).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">History Of England In The Eighteenth Century</span>.</p> + +<p class="hang3"><i>Library Edition</i>. 8 vols. 8vo., £7 4s.</p> +<p class="hang3"><i>Cabinet Edition</i>. <span class="sc">England</span>. 7 vols. Cr. 8vo., 6s. each. +<span class="sc">Ireland</span>. 5 vols. Crown 8vo., 6s. each.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">History Of European Morals From Augustus To Charlemagne</span>. 2 + vols. Crown 8vo., 16s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">History Of The Rise And Influence Of The Spirit Of Rationalism + In Europe</span>. 2 vols. Crown 8vo., 16s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Democracy And Liberty</span>. 2 vols. 8vo., 36s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Empire</span>: its Value and its Growth. An Inaugural Address + delivered at the Imperial Institute, November 20, 1893. Crown + 8vo., 1s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Lowell</b>.—<span class="sc">Governments And Parties In Continental Europe</span>. By + <span class="sc">A. Lawrence Lowell</span>. 2 vols. 8vo., 21s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Macaulay</b> (<span class="sc">Lord</span>).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Life And Works Of Lord Macaulay</span>. <i>'Edinburgh' + Edition</i>. 10 vols. 8vo., 6s. each.</p> + +<p class="hang3">Vols. I.-IV. <span class="sc">History Of England</span></p> +<p class="hang3">Vols. V.-VII, <span class="sc">Essays; Biographies; Indian Penal Code; + Contributions To Knight's 'Quarterly Magazine'</span>.</p> +<p class="hang3">Vol. VIII. <span class="sc">Speeches; Lays Of Ancient Rome; Miscellaneous + Poems</span>.</p> +<p class="hang3">Vols. IX. and X. <span class="sc">The Life And Letters Of Lord Macaulay</span>. + By the Right Hon. Sir <span class="sc">G.O. Trevelyan</span>, Bart., M.P.</p> + +<p class="hang"><i>This Edition is a cheaper reprint of the Library Edition of</i> <span class="sc">Lord +Macaulay's</span> <i>Life and Works</i>.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Complete Works</span>.</p> + +<p class="hang3"><i>Cabinet Ed.</i> 16 vols. Post 8vo., £4 16s.</p> +<p class="hang3"><i>Library Edition</i>. 8 vols. 8vo., £5 5s.</p> +<p class="hang3"><i>'Edinburgh' Edition</i>. 8 vols. 8vo., 6s. each.</p> + +<br /> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">History Of England From The Accession Of James The Second</span>.</p> + +<p class="hang3"><i>Popular Edition</i>. 2 vols. Cr. 8vo., 5s.</p> +<p class="hang3"><i>Student's Edit.</i> 2 vols. Cr. 8vo., 12s.</p> +<p class="hang3"><i>People's Edition</i>. 4 vols. Cr. 8vo., 16s.</p> +<p class="hang3"><i>Cabinet Edition</i>. 8 vols. Post 8vo., 48s.</p> +<p class="hang3"><i>'Edinburgh' Edition</i>. 4 vols. 8vo., 6s. each.</p> +<p class="hang3"><i>Library Edition</i>. 5 vols. 8vo., £4.</p> + +<br /> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Critical, And Historical Essays, With Lays Of Ancient Rome</span>, + in 1 volume.</p> + +<p class="hang3"><i>Popular Edition</i>. Crown 8vo., 2s. 6d.</p> +<p class="hang3"><i>Authorised Edition</i>. Crown 8vo., 2s. 6d., or 3s. 6d., gilt edges.</p> +<p class="hang3"><i>Silver Library Edition</i>. Crown 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<br /> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Critical And Historical Essays</span>.</p> + +<p class="hang3"><i>Student's Edition</i>. 1 vol. Cr. 8vo., 6s.</p> +<p class="hang3"><i>People's Edition</i>. 2 vols. Cr. 8vo., 8s.</p> +<p class="hang3"><i>'Trevelyan' Edit.</i> 2 vols. Cr. 8vo., 9s.</p> +<p class="hang3"><i>Cabinet Edition</i>. 4 vols. Post 8vo., 24s.</p> +<p class="hang3"><i>'Edinburgh' Edition</i>. 4 vols. 8vo., 6s. each.</p> +<p class="hang3"><i>Library Edition</i>. 3 vols. 8vo., 36s.</p> + +<br /> + +<p class="hang2"><a name="Page_164"></a><span class="sc">Essays</span> which may be +had separately, price 6d. each sewed, 1s. each cloth.</p> + +<p class="hang3">Addison and Walpole.</p> +<p class="hang3">Croker's Boswell's Johnson.</p> +<p class="hang3">Hallam's Constitutional History.</p> +<p class="hang3">Warren Hastings.</p> +<p class="hang3">The Earl of Chatham (Two Essays).</p> +<p class="hang3">Frederick the Great.</p> +<p class="hang3">Ranke and Gladstone.</p> +<p class="hang3">Milton and Machiavelli.</p> +<p class="hang3">Lord Byron.</p> +<p class="hang3">Lord Clive.</p> +<p class="hang3">Lord Byron and The Comic Dramatists of the Restoration.</p> + +<br /> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Miscellaneous Writings</span>.</p> + +<p class="hang3"><i>People's Edition</i>. 1 vol. Cr. 8vo., 4s. 6d.</p> +<p class="hang3"><i>Library Edition</i>, 2 vols. 8vo., 21s.</p> +<p class="hang3"><i>Popular Edition</i>. Cr. 8vo., 2s. 6d.</p> +<p class="hang3"><i>Cabinet Edition</i>. Including Indian Penal Code, Lays of +Ancient Rome, and Miscellaneous Poems. 4 vols. Post 8vo., 24s.</p> + +<br /> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Selections From The Writings Of Lord Macaulay</span>. Edited, + with Occasional Notes, by the Right Hon. Sir G.O. Trevelyan, + Bart. Cr. 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<br /> + +<p class="hang"><b>MacColl</b>.—<span class="sc">The Sultan And The Powers</span>. By the Rev. + <span class="sc">Malcolm Maccoll, M.A.</span>, Canon of Ripon. 8vo., 10s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Mackinnon</b>.—<span class="sc">The Union Of England And Scotland</span>: a Study of + International History. By <span class="sc">James Mackinnon</span>, Ph.D., Examiner + in History to the University of Edinburgh. 8vo., 16s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>May</b>.—<span class="sc">The Constitutional History Of England</span> since the + Accession of George III. 1760-1870. By Sir <span class="sc">Thomas Erskine May</span>, +K.C.B. (Lord Farnborough). 3 vols. Crown 8vo., 18s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Merivale</b> (<span class="sc">The Late Dean</span>).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">History Of The Romans Under The Empire</span>. 8 vols. Cr. 8vo, + 3s. 6d. each.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Fall Of The Roman Republic</span>: a Short History of the + Last Century of the Commonwealth. 12mo. 7s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Montague</b>.—<span class="sc">The Elements Of English Constitutional History</span>. + By F.C. <span class="sc">Montague</span>, M.A. Cr. 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>O'Brien</b>.—<span class="sc">Irish Ideas. Reprinted Addresses</span>. +By <span class="sc">William O'Brien</span>. Crown 8vo., 2s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Richman</b>.—<span class="sc">Appenzell</span>: Pure Democracy and Pastoral Life in + Inner-Rhoden. A Swiss Study. By <span class="sc">Irving B. Richman</span>, + Consul-General of the United States to Switzerland. With Maps. + Crown 8vo., 5s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Seebohm</b> (<span class="sc">Frederic</span>).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The English Village Community</span> Examined in its Relations + to the Manorial and Tribal Systems, &c. With 13 Maps and Plates. + 8vo., 16s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Tribal System In Wales</span>: being Part of an Inquiry into + the Structure and Methods of Tribal Society. With 3 Maps. 8vo., + 12s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Sharpe</b>.—<span class="sc">London And The Kingdom</span>: a History derived mainly + from the Archives at Guildhall in the custody of the Corporation + of the City of London. By <span class="sc">Reginald R. Sharpe</span>, D.C.L., + Records Clerk in the Office of the Town Clerk of the City of + London. 3 vols. 8vo. 10s. 6d. each.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Sheppard</b>.—<span class="sc">Memorials Of St. James's Palace</span>. By the Rev. + <span class="sc">Edgar Sheppard, M.A.</span>, Sub-Dean of H.M. Chapels Royal. With + 41 full-page Plates (8 photo-intaglio), and 32 Illustrations in the + Text. 2 Vols. 8vo. 36s. net.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Smith</b>.—<span class="sc">Carthage And The Carthaginians</span>. +By <span class="sc">R. Bosworth Smith, M.A.</span>, With Maps, Plans, &c. Cr. 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Stephens</b>.—<span class="sc">A History Of The French Revolution</span>. +By <span class="sc">H. Morse Stephens</span>, 3 vols. 8vo. Vols. I. and II., 18s. each.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Stubbs</b>.—<span class="sc">History Of The University Of Dublin</span>, from its + Foundation to the End of the Eighteenth Century. By <span class="sc">J.W. Stubbs</span>. + 8vo., 12s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Sutherland</b>.—<span class="sc">The History Of Australia And New Zealand</span>, +from 1606 to 1800. By <span class="sc">Alexander Sutherland, M.A.</span>, and + <span class="sc">George Sutherland, M.A.</span> Crown 8vo., 2s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Taylor</b>.—<span class="sc">A Student's Manual Of The History Of India</span>. By + Colonel <span class="sc">Meadows Taylor</span>, C.S.I., &c. Cr. 8vo., 7s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Todd</b>.—<span class="sc">Parliamentary Government In The British Colonies</span>. +By <span class="sc">Alpheus Todd</span>, LL.D. 8vo., 30s. net.</p> + +<a name="Page_165"></a> +<p class="hang"><b>Wakeman and Hassall</b>.—<span class="sc">Essays Introductory To The Study Of +English Constitutional History</span>. By Resident Members of the + University of Oxford. Edited by <span class="sc">Henry Offley Wakeman, M.A.</span>, +and <span class="sc">Arthur Hassall, M.A.</span> Crown 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Walpole</b>.—<span class="sc">History Of England From The Conclusion Of The Great + War In 1815 To 1858</span>. By <span class="sc">Spencer Walpole</span>. 6 vols. + Crown 8vo., 6s. each.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Wolff</b>.—<span class="sc">Odd Bits Of History</span>: being Short Chapters intended + to Fill Some Blanks. By <span class="sc">Henry W. Wolff</span>. 8vo., 8s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Wood-Martin</b>.—<span class="sc">Pagan Ireland</span>: an Archæological Sketch. A + Handbook of Irish Pre-Christian Antiquities. By <span class="sc">W.G. Wood-Martin</span>, + M.R.I.A. With 512 Illustrations. Crown 8vo., 15s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Wylie</b>.—<span class="sc">History Of England Under Henry</span> IV. +By <span class="sc">James Hamilton Wylie, M.A.</span>, one of H.M. Inspectors of Schools. 3 + vols. Crown 8vo. Vol. I., 1399-1404, 10s. 6d. Vol. II. 15s. Vol. + III. 15s. [Vol. IV. in the press.]</p> + +<br /> + +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> + +<br /> + +<p class="cen115"><b>Biography, Personal Memoirs, &c.</b></p> + +<br /> + +<p class="hang"><b>Armstrong</b>.—<span class="sc">The Life And Letters Of Edmund J. Armstrong</span>. + Edited by <span class="sc">G.F. Armstrong</span>. Fcp. 8vo., 7s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Bacon</b>.—<span class="sc">The Letters And Life Of Francis Bacon, Including All His + Occasional Works</span>. Edited by <span class="sc">J. Spedding</span>. 7 vols 8vo., + £4 4s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Bagehot</b>.—<span class="sc">Biographical Studies</span>. +By <span class="sc">Walter Bagehot</span>. Cr. 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Blackwell</b>—<span class="sc">Pioneer Work In Opening The Medical Profession To + Women</span>: Autobiographical Sketches. By Dr. <span class="sc">Elizabeth + Blackwell</span>. Cr. 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Boyd</b> (A.K.H.). ('A.K.H.B.').</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Twenty-five Years Of St. Andrews</span>. 1865-1890. 2 vols. 8vo. + Vol. I., 12s. Vol. II., 15s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">St. Andrews And Elsewhere</span>: Glimpses of Some Gone and of + Things Left. 8vo., 15s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Last Years Of St. Andrews</span>: September, 1890, to + September, 1895, 8vo., 15s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Brown</b>.—<span class="sc">Ford Madox Brown</span>: A Record of his Life and + Works. By <span class="sc">Ford M. Hueffer</span>. With 45 Full-page Plates (22 + Autotypes) and 7 Illustrations in the Text. 8vo., 42s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Buss</b>.—<span class="sc">Frances Mary Buss And Her Work For Education</span>. By + <span class="sc">Annie E. Ridley</span>. With 5 Portraits and 4 Illustrations. + Crown 8vo., 7s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Carlyle</b>.—<span class="sc">Thomas Carlyle</span>: a History of his Life. By + <span class="sc">James A. Froude</span>. 1795-1835. 2 vols. Crown 8vo., 7s. + 34-1881. 2 vols. Crown 8vo., 7s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Digby</b>.—<span class="sc">The Life Of Sir Kenelm Digby</span>, by one of his + Descendants, the Author of 'The Life of a Conspirator,' 'A Life of + Archbishop Laud,' etc. With 7 Illustrations. 8vo., 12s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Erasmus</b>.—<span class="sc">Life And Letters Of Erasmus</span>. +By <span class="sc">James A. Froude</span>. Crown 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Fox</b>.—<span class="sc">The Early History Of Charles James Fox</span>. +By the Right Hon. Sir <span class="sc">G.O. Trevelyan</span>, Bart.</p> + +<p class="hang3"><i>Library Edition</i>. 8vo., 18s.</p> +<p class="hang3"><i>Cabinet Edition</i>. Crown 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Halford</b>.—<span class="sc">The Life Of Sir Henry Halford</span>, Bart., G.C.H., + M.D., F.R.S. By <span class="sc">William Munk</span>, M.D., F.S.A. 8vo., 12s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Hamilton</b>.—<span class="sc">Life Of Sir William Hamilton</span>. By + <span class="sc">R.P. Graves</span>. 8vo. 3 vols. 15s. each. <span class="sc">Addendum</span>. 8vo., + 6d. sewed.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Harper</b>.—<span class="sc">A Memoir Of Hugo Daniel Harper</span>, D.D., late + Principal of Jesus College, Oxford, and for many years Head Master + of Sherborne School. By <span class="sc">L.V. Lester</span>, M.A. Cr. 8vo., 5s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Havelock</b>.—<span class="sc">Memoirs Of Sir Henry Havelock</span>, K.C.B. By + <span class="sc">John Clark Marshman</span>. Crown 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Haweis</b>.—<span class="sc">My Musical Life</span>. +By the Rev. <span class="sc">H.R. Haweis</span>. With Portrait of Richard Wagner and +3 Illustrations. Crown 8vo., 7s. 6d.</p> + +<a name="Page_166"></a> +<p class="hang"><b>Holroyd</b>.—<span class="sc">The Girlhood Of Maria Josepha Holroyd</span> (Lady + Stanley of Alderly). Recorded in Letters of a Hundred Years Ago, + from 1776 to 1796. Edited by <span class="sc">J.H. Adeane</span>. With 6 + Portraits 8vo., 18s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Luther</b>.—<span class="sc">Life Of Luther</span>. +By <span class="sc">Julius Köstlin</span>. With + Illustrations from Authentic Sources. Translated from the German. + Crown 8vo., 7s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Macaulay</b>.—<span class="sc">The Life And Letters Of Lord Macaulay</span>. By the + Right Hon. Sir <span class="sc">G.O. Trevelyan</span>, Bart., M.P.</p> + +<p class="hang3"><i>Popular Edit.</i> 1 vol. Cr. 8vo., 2s. 6d.</p> +<p class="hang3"><i>Student's Edition</i>. 1 vol. Cr. 8vo., 6s.</p> +<p class="hang3"><i>Cabinet Edition</i>. 2 vols. Post 8vo., 12s.</p> +<p class="hang3"><i>Library Edition</i>. 2 vols. 8vo., 36s.</p> +<p class="hang3">'<i>Edinburgh Edition</i>.' 2 vols. 8vo., 6s. each.</p> + +<br /> + +<p class="hang"><b>Marbot</b>.—<span class="sc">The Memoirs Of The Baron De Marbot</span>. Translated + from the French. Crown 8vo., 7s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Nansen</b>.—<span class="sc">Fridtiof Nansen</span>, 1861-1893. By + <span class="sc">W.C. Brögger</span> and <span class="sc">Nordahl Rolfsen</span>. Translated by + <span class="sc">William Archer</span>. With 8 Plates, 48 Illustrations in the + Text, and 3 Maps. 8vo., 12s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Romanes</b>.—<span class="sc">The Life And Letters Of George John Romanes</span>, + M.A., LL.D., F.R.S. Written and Edited by his Wife. With Portrait + and 2 Illustrations. Cr. 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Seebohm</b>.—<span class="sc">The Oxford Reformers—John Colet, Erasmus +And Thomas More</span>: a History of their Fellow-Work. By <span class="sc">Frederic Seebohm</span>. +8vo., 14s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Shakespeare</b>.—<span class="sc">Outlines Of The Life Of Shakespeare</span>. By + <span class="sc">J.O. Halliwell-Phillipps</span>. With Illustrations and Fac-similes. 2 + vols. Royal 8vo., £1 1s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Shakespeare's <span class="sc">True Life</span></b>. By <span class="sc">Jas. +Walter</span>. With 500 Illustrations by <span class="sc">Gerald E. Moira</span>. Imp. 8vo., 21s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Stephen</b>.—<span class="sc">Essays In Ecclesiastical Biography</span>. By Sir + <span class="sc">James Stephen</span>. Crown 8vo., 7s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Turgot</b>.—<span class="sc">The Life And Writings Of Turgot</span>, + Comptroller-General of France, 1774-1776. Edited for English + Readers by <span class="sc">W. Walker Stephens</span>. 8vo., 12s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Verney</b>.—<span class="sc">Memoirs Of The Verney Family</span>.</p> + +<p class="hang2">Vols. I. and II. <span class="sc">During The Civil War</span>. By <span class="sc">Frances + Parthenope Verney</span>. With 38 Portraits, Woodcuts and + Fac-simile. Royal 8vo., 42s.</p> + +<p class="hang2">Vol. III. <span class="sc">During The Commonwealth</span>. 1650-1660. By + <span class="sc">Margaret M. Verney</span>. With 10 Portraits, &c. 8vo., 21s.</p> + +<br /> + +<p class="hang"><b>Wellington</b>.—<span class="sc">Life Of The Duke Of Wellington</span>. By the Rev. + <span class="sc">G.R. Gleig, M.A.</span> Crown 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Wolf</b>.—<span class="sc">The Life Of Joseph Wolf, Animal Painter</span>. By + <span class="sc">A.H. Palmer</span>, With 53 Plates and 14 Illustrations in the Text. + Royal 8vo, 21s.</p> + +<br /> +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> +<br /> + +<p class="cen115"><b>Travel and Adventure, the Colonies, &c.</b></p> + +<br /> + +<p class="hang"><b>Arnold</b> (Sir <span class="sc">Edwin</span>).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Seas And Lands</span>. With 71 Illustrations. Cr. 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Wandering Words</span>. With 45 Illustrations. 8vo., 18s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">East And West</span>. With 14 Illustrations by + <span class="sc">R.T. Pritchett</span>. 8vo., 18s.</p> + +<p class="hang">AUSTRALIA AS IT IS, or Facts and Features, Sketches and + Incidents of Australia and Australian Life, with Notices of New + Zealand. By <span class="sc">A Clergyman</span>, thirteen years resident in the + interior of New South Wales. Cr. 8vo., 5s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Baker</b> (Sir S.W.).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Eight Years In Ceylon</span>. With 6 Illustrations. Crown 8vo., + 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Rifle And The Hound In Ceylon</span>. With 6 Illustrations. + Cr. 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Bent</b> (<span class="sc">J. Theodore</span>).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Ruined Cities Of Mashonaland</span>: being a Record of + Excavation and Exploration in 1891. With 117 Illustrations. + Crown 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Sacred City Of The Ethiopians</span>: being a Record of + Travel and Research in Abyssinia in 1893. With 8 Plates and 65 + Illustrations in the Text. 8vo., 10s. 6d.</p> + +<a name="Page_167"></a> +<p class="hang"><b>Bicknell</b>.—<span class="sc">Travel And Adventure In Northern Queensland</span>. By + <span class="sc">Arthur C. Bicknell</span>. With 24 Plates and 22 Illustrations + in the text. 8vo., 15s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Brassey</b>.—<span class="sc">Voyages And Travels Of Lord Brassey</span>, K.C.B., + D.C.L., 1862-1894. Arranged and Edited by Captain <span class="sc">S. Eardley-Wilmot</span>. + 2 vols. Cr. 8vo., 10s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Brassey</b> (The late <span class="sc">Lady</span>).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">A Voyage In The 'Sunbeam'; Our Home On The Ocean For Eleven + Months</span>.</p> + +<p class="hang3"><i>Library Edition</i>. With 8 Maps and Charts, and 118 Illustrations. 8vo., 21s.</p> +<p class="hang3"><i>Cabinet Edition</i>. With Map and 66 Illustrations. Crown 8vo., 7s. 6d.</p> +<p class="hang3"><i>Silver Library Edition</i>. With 66 Illustrations. Crown 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> +<p class="hang3"><i>Popular Edition</i>. With 60 Illustrations. 4to., 6d. sewed, 1s. cloth.</p> +<p class="hang3"><i>School Edition</i>. With 37 Illustrations. Fcp., 2s. cloth, or 3s. white parchment.</p> + +<br /> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Sunshine And Storm In The East</span>.</p> + +<p class="hang3"><i>Library Edition</i>. With 2 Maps and 141 Illustrations. 8vo., 21s.</p> +<p class="hang3"><i>Cabinet Edition</i>. With 2 Maps and 114 Illustrations. Crown 8vo., 7s. 6d.</p> +<p class="hang3"><i>Popular Edition</i>. With 103 Illustrations. 4to., 6d. sewed, 1s. cloth.</p> + +<br /> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">In The Trades, The Tropics, And The 'Roaring Forties'</span>.</p> + +<p class="hang3"><i>Cabinet Edition</i>. With Map and 220 Illustrations. Crown 8vo., 7s. 6d.</p> +<p class="hang3"><i>Popular Edition</i>. With 183 Illustrations. 4to., 6d. sewed, 1s. cloth.</p> + +<br /> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Three Voyages In The 'Sunbeam'</span>. Popular Edition. With 346 + Illustrations. 4to., 2s. 6d.</p> + +<br /> + +<p class="hang"><b>Browning</b>.—<span class="sc">A Girl's Wanderings In Hungary</span>. +By <span class="sc">H. Ellen Browning</span>. With Map and 20 Illustrations. Crown 8vo., 7s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Froude</b> (<span class="sc">James A.</span>).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Oceana</span>: or England and her Colonies. With 9 + Illustrations. Crown 8vo., 2s. boards, 2s. 6d. cloth.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The English In The West Indies</span>: or the Bow of Ulysses. + With 9 Illustrations. Cr. 8vo., 2s. bds., 2s. 6d. cl.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Howitt</b>.—<span class="sc">Visits To Remarkable Places</span>, Old Halls, + Battle-Fields, Scenes illustrative of Striking Passages in English + History and Poetry. By <span class="sc">William Howitt</span>. With 80 + Illustrations. Crown 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Knight</b> (<span class="sc">E.F.</span>).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Cruise Of The 'Alerte'</span>: the Narrative of a Search for + Treasure on the Desert Island of Trinidad. 2 Maps and 23 + Illustrations. Cr. 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Where Three Empires Meet</span>: a Narrative of Recent Travel in + Kashmir, Western Tibet, Baltistan, Ladak, Gilgit, and the + adjoining Countries. With a Map and 54 Illustrations. Cr. 8vo., + 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The 'Falcon' On The Baltic</span>: being a Voyage from London to + Copenhagen in a Three-Tonner. With 10 Full-page Illustrations. + Crown 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Lees and Clutterbuck</b>.—B.C. 1887: <span class="sc">A Ramble In British + Columbia</span>. By <span class="sc">J.A. Lees</span> and <span class="sc">W.J. Clutterbuck</span>. +With Map and 75 Illustrations. Cr. 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Nansen</b> (<span class="sc">Fridtjof</span>).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The First Crossing Of Greenland</span> With numerous + Illustrations and a Map. Crown 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Eskimo Life</span>. With 31 Illustrations. 8vo., 16s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Oliver</b>.—<span class="sc">Crags And Craters</span>: Rambles in the Island of + Reunion. By <span class="sc">William Dudley Oliver</span>, M.A. With 27 + Illustrations and a Map. Cr. 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Peary</b>.—<span class="sc">My Arctic Journal</span>: a Year among Ice-Fields and + Eskimos. By <span class="sc">Josephine Dieritsch-Peary</span>. With 19 Plates, 3 + Sketch Maps, and 44 Illustrations in the Text. 8vo., 12s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Quillinan</b>.—<span class="sc">Journal Of A Few Months' Residence In + Portugal</span>., and Glimpses of the South of Spain. By Mrs. + <span class="sc">Quillinan</span> (Dora Wordsworth). New Edition. Edited, with + Memoir, by <span class="sc">Edmund Lee</span>, Author of 'Dorothy Wordsworth.' + etc. Crown 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<a name="Page_168"></a> +<p class="hang"><b>Smith</b>.—<span class="sc">Climbing In The British Isles</span>. +By <span class="sc">W.P. Haskett Smith</span>. With Illustrations by <span class="sc">Ellis Carr</span>, and + Numerous Plans.</p> + +<p class="hang3">Part I. <span class="sc">England</span>, 16mo., 3s. 6d.</p> +<p class="hang3">Part II. <span class="sc">Wales And Ireland</span>. 16mo., 3s. 6d.</p> +<p class="hang3">Part III. <span class="sc">Scotland</span>. [In preparation.]</p> + +<br /> + +<p class="hang"><b>Stephen</b>.—<span class="sc">The Playground Of Europe</span>. +By <span class="sc">Leslie Stephen</span>, formerly President of the Alpine Club. New Edition, + with Additions and 4 Illustrations. Crown 8vo., 6s. net.</p> + +<p class="hang">THREE IN NORWAY. By Two of Them. With a Map and 59 + Illustrations. Cr. 8vo., 2s. boards, 2s. 6d. cloth.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Tyndall</b>.—<span class="sc">The Glaciers Of The Alps</span>: being a Narrative of + Excursions and Ascents. An Account of the Origin and Phenomena of + Glaciers, and an Exposition of the Physical Principles to which + they are related. By <span class="sc">John Tyndall</span>, F.R.S. With numerous + Illustrations. Crown 8vo., 6s. 6d. net.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Whishaw</b>.—<span class="sc">The Romance Of The Woods</span>: Reprinted Articles and + Sketches. By <span class="sc">Fred. J. Whishaw</span>. Crown 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<br /> +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> +<br /> + +<p class="cen115"><b>Sport and Pastime.</b></p> + +<p class="cen115"><b>THE BADMINTON LIBRARY.</b></p> + +<p class="cen115">Edited by HIS GRACE THE DUKE OF BEAUFORT, K.G.; Assisted by ALFRED +E.T. WATSON.</p> + +<p class="cen">Complete in 28 Volumes. Crown 8vo., Price 10s. 6d. each Volume, Cloth.</p> + +<p class="cen">* <i>The Volumes are also issued half-bound in Leather, with gilt top. +The price can be had from all Booksellers</i>.</p> + +<br /> + +<p class="hang">ARCHERY. By <span class="sc">C.J. Longman</span> and Col. <span class="sc">H. Walrond</span>. +With Contributions by Miss <span class="sc">Legh</span>, <span class="sc">Viscount DILLON</span>, + Major <span class="sc">C. Hawkins Fisher</span>, &c. With 2 Maps, 23 Plates, and + 172 Illustrations in the Text. Crown 8vo., 10s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang">ATHLETICS AND FOOTBALL. By <span class="sc">Montague Shearman</span>. With 6 Plates + and 52 Illustrations in the Text. Crown 8vo., 10s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang">BIG GAME SHOOTING. By <span class="sc">Clive Phillipps-Wolley</span>.</p> + +<p class="hang2">Vol. I. <span class="sc">Africa And America</span>. With Contributions by Sir + <span class="sc">Samuel W. Baker, W.C. Oswell, F.J. Jackson, Warburton Pike</span>, and + <span class="sc">F.C. Selous</span>. With + 20 Plates and 57 Illustrations in the Text. Crown 8vo., 10s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2">Vol. II. <span class="sc">Europe, Asia, And The Arctic Regions</span>. With + Contributions by Lieut.-Colonel <span class="sc">R. Heber Percy, Arnold + Pike</span>, Major <span class="sc">Algernon C. Heber Percy</span>, &c. With 17 + Plates and 56 Illustrations in the Text. Crown 8vo., 10s. 6d.</p> + +<br /> + +<p class="hang">BILLIARDS. By Major <span class="sc">W. Broadfoot</span>, R.E. With Contributions by + <span class="sc">A.H. Boyd, Sydenham Dixon, W.J. Ford, Dudley D. Pontifex</span>, + &c. With 11 Plates, 19 Illustrations in the Text, + and numerous Diagrams and Figures. Crown 8vo., 10s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang">BOATING. By <span class="sc">W.B. Woodgate</span>. With 10 Plates, 39 Illustrations + in the in the Text, and from Instantaneous Photographs, and 4 Maps + of the Rowing Courses at Oxford, Cambridge, Henley, and Putney. + Crown 8vo., 10s. 6d.</p> + +<a name="Page_169"></a> +<p class="hang">COURSING AND FALCONRY. By <span class="sc">Harding Cox</span> and the Hon. + <span class="sc">Gerald Lascelles</span>. With 20 Plates and 56 Illustrations in + the Text. Crown 8vo., 10s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang">CRICKET. By <span class="sc">A.G. Steel</span>, and the Hon. +<span class="sc">R.H. Lyttelton</span>. With Contributions by <span class="sc">Andrew Lang, +W.G. GRACE, F. GALE</span>, &c. With 12 Plates and 52 Illustrations in the Text, + Crown 8vo., 10s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang">CYCLING. By the <span class="sc">Earl Of Albemarle</span>, and <span class="sc">G. Lacy + Hillier</span>. With 19 Plates and 44 Illustrations in the Text. + Crown 8vo., 10s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang">DANCING. By Mrs. <span class="sc">Lilly Grove</span>, F.R.G.S. With Contributions by + Miss <span class="sc">Middleton</span>, The Honourable Mrs. <span class="sc">Armytage</span>, &c. + With Musical Examples, and 38 Full-page Plates and 93 Illustrations + in the Text. Crown 8vo., 10s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang">DRIVING. By His Grace the <span class="sc">Duke Of Beaufort</span>, K.G. With + Contributions by other Authorities. With Photogravure Intaglio + Portrait of His Grace the <span class="sc">Duke Of Beaufort</span>, and 11 Plates + and 54 Illustrations in the Text. Crown 8vo., 10s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang">FISHING. By <span class="sc">H. Cholmondeley-Pennell</span>, Late Her Majesty's + Inspector of Sea Fisheries.</p> + +<p class="hang2">Vol. I. <span class="sc">Salmon And Trout</span>. With Contributions by + <span class="sc">H.R. Francis</span>, Major <span class="sc">John P. Traherne</span>, &c. With + Frontispiece, 8 Full-page Illustrations of Fishing Subjects, and + numerous Illustrations of Tackle, &c. Crown 8vo., 10s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2">Vol. II. <span class="sc">Pike And Other Coarse Fish</span>. With Contributions by + the <span class="sc">Marquis Of Exeter, William Senior, G. Christopher + Davies</span>, &c. With Frontispiece, 6 Full-page Illustrations of + Fishing Subjects, and numerous Illustrations of Tackle, &c. Crown + 8vo., 10s. 6d.</p> + +<br /> + +<p class="hang">FENCING, BOXING, AND WRESTLING. By <span class="sc">Walter H. Pollock, F.C. + Grove, C. Prevost, E.B. Mitchell</span>, and <span class="sc">Walter Armstrong</span>. +With 18 Intaglio Plates and 24 Illustrations in + the Text. Crown 8vo., 10s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang">GOLF. By <span class="sc">Horace G. Hutchinson</span>. With Contributions by the Rt. + Hon. A. <span class="sc">J. Balfour</span>, M.P., Sir <span class="sc">Walter Simpson</span>, + Bart., <span class="sc">Andrew Lang</span>, &c. With 25 Plates and 65 + Illustrations in the Text. Cr. 8vo., 10s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang">HUNTING. By His Grace the <span class="sc">Duke Of Beaufort</span> K.G., and + <span class="sc">Mowbray Morris</span>. With Contributions by the <span class="sc">Earl Of + Suffolk And Berkshire</span>, Rev. <span class="sc">E.W.L. Davies, J.S. + Gibbons, G.H. Longman</span>, &c. With 5 Plates and 34 + Illustrations in the Text. Crown 8vo., 10s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang">MOUNTAINEERING. By <span class="sc">C.T. Dent</span>, With Contributions by Sir + <span class="sc">W.M. Conway, D.W. Freshfield, C.E. Mathews</span>, + &c. With 13 Plates and 95 Illustrations in the Text. Crown 8vo., + 10s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang">POETRY OF SPORT (THE).—Selected by <span class="sc">Hedley Peek</span>. With a + Chapter on Classical Allusions to Sport by <span class="sc">Andrew Lang</span>, + and a Special Preface to the Badminton Library by <span class="sc">A.E.T. Watson</span>. +With 32 Plates and 74 Illustrations in the Text. + Crown 8vo., 10s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang">RACING AND STEEPLE-CHASING.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Racing</span>. By the <span class="sc">Earl Of Suffolk And Berkshire, + W.G. Craven</span>, the <span class="sc">Hon. F. Lawley, Arthur + Coventry</span>, and <span class="sc">Alfred E.T. Watson</span>. With Coloured + Frontispiece and 56 Illustrations in the Text. Crown 8vo., 10s. + 6d.</p> + +<a name="Page_170"></a> +<p class="hang">RIDING AND POLO.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Riding</span>. By Captain <span class="sc">Robert Weir</span>, the +<span class="sc">Duke Of Beaufort</span>, the <span class="sc">Earl Of Suffolk And Berkshire</span>, the + <span class="sc">Earl Of Onslow, J. Murray Brown</span>, &c. With 18 Plates and + 41 Illustrations in the Text. Crown 8vo., 10s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang">SEA FISHING. By <span class="sc">John Bickerdyke</span>, Sir <span class="sc">H.W. Gore-Booth, + Alfred C. Harmsworth</span> and <span class="sc">W. Senior</span>. With 22 + Full-page Plates and 175 Illustrations in the Text. Crown 8vo., + 10s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang">SHOOTING.</p> + +<p class="hang2">Vol. I. <span class="sc">Field And Covert</span>. By <span class="sc">Lord Walsingham</span> + and Sir <span class="sc">Ralph Payne-Gallwey</span>, Bart. With Contributions by + the Hon. <span class="sc">Gerald Lascelles</span> and <span class="sc">A.J. Stuart-Wortley</span>. + With 11 Full-page Illustrations and 94 + Illustrations in the Text. Crown 8vo., 10s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2">Vol. II. <span class="sc">Moor And Marsh</span>. By +<span class="sc">Lord Walsingham</span> and Sir <span class="sc">Ralph Payne-Gallwey</span>, Bart. +With Contributions by <span class="sc">Lord Lovat</span> and <span class="sc">Lord Charles Lennox Kerr</span>. + With 8 Full-page Illustrations and 57 Illustrations in the Text. Crown + 8vo., 10s. 6d.</p> + +<br /> + +<p class="hang">SKATING, CURLING, TOBOGGANING. By <span class="sc">J.M. Heathcote, C.G. + Tebbutt, T. Maxwell Witham</span>, Rev. <span class="sc">John Kerr, Ormond + Hake, Henry A. Buck, &c</span>. With 12 Plates and 272 Illustrations + and Diagrams in the Text. Crown 8vo., 10s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang">SWIMMING. By <span class="sc">Archibald Sinclair</span> and +<span class="sc">William Henry</span>, Hon. Secs. of the Life-Saving Society. With 13 Plates and 106 + Illustrations in the Text. Cr. 8vo., 10s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang">TENNIS, LAWN TENNIS, RACQUETS, AND FIVES. By <span class="sc">J.M.</span> and + <span class="sc">C.G. Heathcote, E.O. Pleydell-Bouverie</span>, and + <span class="sc">A.C. Ainger</span>. With Contributions by the Hon. + <span class="sc">A. Lyttelton, W.C. Marshall</span>, Miss <span class="sc">L. Dod</span>, &c. + With 12 Plates and 67 Illustrations in the Text. Crown 8vo., + 10s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang">YACHTING.</p> + +<p class="hang2">Vol. I. <span class="sc">Cruising, Construction Of Yachts, Yacht Racing Rules, + Fitting-out</span>, &c. By Sir <span class="sc">Edward Sullivan</span>, Bart., + <span class="sc">The Earl Of Pembroke, Lord Brassey</span>, K.C.B., + <span class="sc">C.E. Seth-Smith</span>, C.B., <span class="sc">G.L. Watson, R.T. + Pritchett, E.F. Knight</span>, &c. With 21 Plates and + 93 Illustrations in the Text, and from Photographs. Crown 8vo., + 10s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2">Vol. II. <span class="sc">Yacht Clubs, Yachting In America And The Colonies, + Yacht Racing</span>, &c. By <span class="sc">R.T. Pritchett, The Marquis Of + Dufferin And Ava, K.P., The Earl Of Onslow, James + Mcferran</span>, &c. With 35 Plates and 160 Illustrations in the + Text. Crown 8vo., 10s. 6d.</p> + +<br /> +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> +<br /> + +<p class="cen115"><b>FUR AND FEATHER SERIES.</b></p> + +<p class="cen115">Edited by <span class="sc2">A.E.T. Watson</span>.</p> + +<p class="cen">Crown 8vo., 5s. each Volume.</p> + +<p class="cen">* <i>The Volumes are also issued half-bound in Leather, with gilt top. +The price can be had from all Booksellers.</i></p> + +<br /> + +<p class="hang">THE PARTRIDGE. Natural History, by the Rev. <span class="sc">H.A. Macpherson</span>; + Shooting, by <span class="sc">A.J. Stuart-Wortley</span>; Cookery, by <span class="sc">George + Saintsbury</span>. With 11 Illustrations and various Diagrams in the + Text. Crown 8vo., 5s.</p> + +<p class="hang">THE GROUSE. Natural History by the Rev. <span class="sc">H.A. Macpherson</span>; + Shooting, by <span class="sc">A.J. Stuart-Wortley</span>; Cookery, by <span class="sc">George + Saintsbury</span>. With 13 Illustrations and various Diagrams, in the + Text. Crown 8vo, 5s.</p> + +<a name="Page_171"></a> +<p class="hang">THE PHEASANT. Natural History by the Rev. <span class="sc">H.A. Macpherson</span>; + Shooting, by <span class="sc">A.J. Stuart-Wortley</span>; Cookery, by + <span class="sc">Alexander Innesshand</span>. With 10 Illustrations and various + Diagrams. Crown 8vo., 5s.</p> + +<p class="hang">THE HARE. Natural History by the Rev. <span class="sc">H.A. Macpherson</span>; + Shooting, by the Hon. <span class="sc">Gerald Lascelles</span>; Coursing, by + <span class="sc">Charles Richardson</span>; Hunting, by <span class="sc">J.S. Gibbons</span> and + <span class="sc">G.H. Longman</span>; Cookery, by Col. <span class="sc">Kenney Herbert</span>. + With 9 Illustrations. Cr. 8vo., 5s.</p> + +<p class="hang">RED DEER. Natural History, by the Rev. <span class="sc">H.A. Macpherson</span>; Deer + Stalking, by <span class="sc">Cameron Of Lochiel</span>. Stag Hunting, by Viscount + <span class="sc">Ebrington</span>; Cookery, by <span class="sc">Alexander Innes Shand</span>. + With 10 Illustrations by <span class="sc">J. Charlton</span> and <span class="sc">A. Thorburn</span>. + Cr. 8vo, 5s.</p> + +<p class="cen">* Other Volumes are in preparation.</p> + +<br /> +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> +<br /> + +<p class="hang">BADMINTON MAGAZINE (THE) OF SPORTS AND PASTIMES. Edited by <span class="sc">Alfred + E.E. Watson</span> ('Rapier'). With numerous Illustrations. Price + 1s. Monthly. Vols. I.-III., 6s. each.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Bickerdyke</b>.—<span class="sc">Days Of My Life On Waters Fresh And Salt</span>; and + other Papers. By <span class="sc">John Bickerdyke</span>. With Photo-Etched + Frontispiece and 8 Full-page Illustrations. Crown 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang">DEAD SHOT (THE): or, Sportsman's Complete Guide. Being a Treatise on + the Use of the Gun, with Rudimentary and Finishing Lessons on the + Art of Shooting Game of all kinds. Also Game-driving, Wildfowl and + Pigeon-shooting, Dog breaking, etc. By <span class="sc">Marksman</span>. + Illustrated. Crown 8vo., 10s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Ellis</b>.—<span class="sc">Chess Sparks</span>; or, Short and Bright Games of Chess. + Collected and Arranged by <span class="sc">J.H. Ellis, M.A.</span> 8vo., 4s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Falkener</b>.—<span class="sc">Games, Ancient And Oriental, And How To Play + Them</span>. By <span class="sc">Edward Falkener</span>. With numerous Photographs, + Diagrams, &c. 8vo, 21s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Ford</b>.—<span class="sc">The Theory And Practice Of Archery</span>. + By <span class="sc">Horace Ford</span>. New Edition, thoroughly Revised and Rewritten by + <span class="sc">W. Butt, M.A.</span> With a Preface by <span class="sc">C.J. Longman, M.A.</span> + 8vo., 14s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Francis</b>.—<span class="sc">A Book On Angling</span>: or Treatise on the Art of + Fishing in every Branch; including full Illustrated List of Salmon + Flies. By <span class="sc">Francis Francis</span>. With Portrait and Coloured + Plates. Crown 8vo., 15s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Gibson</b>.—<span class="sc">Tobogganing On Crooked Runs</span>. + By the Hon. <span class="sc">Harry Gibson</span>. With Contributions by + <span class="sc">F. De B. Strickland</span> and <span class="sc">'Lady-Tobogganer'</span>. + With 40 Illustrations. Crown 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Graham</b>.—<span class="sc">Country Pastimes For Boys</span>. + By P. <span class="sc">Anderson Graham</span>. With 252 Illustrations from Drawings and Photographs. + Crown 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Lang</b>.—<span class="sc">Angling Sketches</span>. + By <span class="sc">A. Lang</span>. With 20 Illus. Cr. 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Longman</b>.—<span class="sc">Chess Openings</span>. + By <span class="sc">Fred. W. Longman</span>. Fcp. 8vo., 2s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Maskelyne</b>.—<span class="sc">Sharps And Flats</span>: a Complete Revelation of the + Secrets of Cheating at Games of Chance and Skill. By <span class="sc">John Nevil Maskelyne</span>, + of the Egyption Hall. With 62 Illustrations. Crown 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Park</b>.—<span class="sc">The Game Of Golf</span> + By <span class="sc">William Park, Junr.</span>, Champion Golfer, 1887-89. + With 17 Plates and 26 Illustrations in the Text. Crown 8vo., 7s. 6d</p> + +<a name="Page_172"></a> +<p class="hang"><b>Payne-Gallwey</b> (Sir <span class="sc">Ralph</span>, Bart.).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Letters To Young Shooters</span> (First Series). On the Choice + and use of a Gun. With 41 Illustrations. Cr. 8vo., 7s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Letters To Young Shooters</span> (Second Series). On the + Production, Preservation, and Killing of Game. With Directions in + Shooting Wood-Pigeons and Breaking-in Retrievers. With Portrait + and 103 Illustrations. Crown 8vo., 12s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Letters To Young Shooters</span> (Third Series). Comprising a + Short Natural History of the Wildfowl that are Rare or Common to + the British Islands, with Complete Directions in Shooting + Wildfowl on the Coast and Inland. With 200 Illustrations. Cr. + 8vo., 18s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Pole</b> (<span class="sc">William</span>).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Theory Of The Modern Scientific Game Of Whist</span>. Fcp. + 8vo., 2s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Evolution Of Whist</span>: a Study of the Progressive Changes + which the Game has undergone. Crown 8vo., 2s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Procter</b>.—<span class="sc">How To Play Whist: With The Laws And Etiquette Of + Whist</span>. By <span class="sc">Richard A. Proctor</span>. Crown 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Ronalds</b>.—<span class="sc">The Fly-fisher's Entomology</span>. + By <span class="sc">Alfred Ronalds</span>. With 20 Coloured Plates. 8vo.. 14s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Thompson and Cannan</b>. <span class="sc">Hand-in-hand Figure Skating</span>. By + <span class="sc">Norcliffe G. Thompson</span> and <span class="sc">F. Laura Cannan</span>, + Members of the Skating Club. With an Introduction by Captain <span class="sc">J.H. Thomson</span>, + R.A. With Illustrations. 16mo, 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Wilcocks</b>. <span class="sc">The Sea Fisherman</span>: Comprising the Chief Methods + of Hook and Line Fishing in the British and other Seas, and Remarks on Nets, Boats, and Boating. + By <span class="sc">J.C. Wilcocks</span>. Illustrated. Crown 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<br /> +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> +<br /> + +<p class="cen115"><b>Veterinary Medicine, &c.</b></p> + +<br /> + +<p class="hang"><b>Steel</b> (<span class="sc">John Henry</span>).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">A Treatise On The Diseases Of The Dog</span>. 88 Illustrations. + 8vo., 10s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">A Treatise On The Diseases Of The Ox</span>. With 119 + Illustrations. 8vo., 15s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">A Treatise On The Diseases Of The Sheep</span>. With 100 + Illustrations. 8vo., 12s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Outlines Of Equine Anatomy</span>: a Manual for the use of + Veterinary Students in the Dissecting Room. Crown 8vo., 7s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Fitzwygram</b>.—<span class="sc">Horses And Stables</span>. By Major-General Sir + <span class="sc">F. Fitzwygram</span>, Bart. With 56 pages of Illustrations. 8vo., + 2s. 6d. net.</p> + +<p class="hang">'<b>Stonehenge</b>.'—<span class="sc">The Dog In Health And Disease</span>. By + '<span class="sc">Stonehenge</span>'. With 78 Illustrations. 8vo., 7s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Youatt</b> (<span class="sc">William</span>).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Horse</span>. Revised and enlarged. By <span class="sc">W. Watson</span>, + M.R.C.V.S. With 52 Wood Illustrations. 8vo., 7s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Dog</span>. Revised and enlarged. With 33 Wood Illustrations. + 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<br /> +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> +<br /> + +<p class="cen115"><b>Mental, Moral and Political Philosophy</b>.</p> + +<p class="cen115">LOGIC, RHETORIC, PSYCHOLOGY, &c.</p> + +<br /> + +<p class="hang"><b>Abbott</b>.—<span class="sc">The Elements Of Logic</span>. +By <span class="sc">T.K. Abbott</span>, B.D. 12mo., 3s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Aristotle</b>.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Politics</span>: G. Bekker's Greek Text of Books I., III., + IV. (VII.), with an English Translation by <span class="sc">W.E. Bolland</span>, M.A.; + and short Introductory Essays by <span class="sc">A. Lang</span>, M.A. Crown 8vo., 7s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Politics</span>: Introductory Essays. + By <span class="sc">Andrew Lang</span> (from Bolland and Lang's 'Politics'). Cr. 8vo., 2s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Ethics</span>: Greek Text, Illustrated with Essay and Notes. + By Sir <span class="sc">Alexander Grant</span>, Bart. 2 vols. 8vo., 32s.</p> + +<a name="Page_173"></a> +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">An Introduction To Aristotle's Ethics</span>. Books I.-IV. (Book + X. c. vi.-ix. in an Appendix.) With a continuous Analysis and Notes. + By the Rev. <span class="sc">E. Moore</span>, D.D. Cr. 8vo. 10s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Bacon</b> (<span class="sc">Francis</span>).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Complete Works</span>. Edited by <span class="sc">R.L. Ellis, J. + Spedding</span>, and <span class="sc">D.D. Heath</span>. 7 vols. 8vo., £3 13s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Letters And Life</span>, including all his occasional Works. + Edited by <span class="sc">James Spedding</span>. 7 vols. 8vo., £4 4s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Essays</span>: with Annotations. + By <span class="sc">Richard Whately</span>, D.D. 8vo., 10s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Essays</span>: Edited, with Notes. + By <span class="sc">F. Storr</span> and <span class="sc">C.H. Gibson</span>. Cr. 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Essays</span>. With Introduction, Notes, and Index. By E.A. + <span class="sc">Abbott</span>, D.D. 2 vols. Fcp. 8vo., 6s. The Text and Index + only, without Introduction and Notes, in One Volume. Fcp. 8vo., + 2s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Bain</b> (<span class="sc">Alexander</span>).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Mental Science</span>. Crown 8vo., 6s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Moral Science</span>. Crown 8vo., 4s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><i>The two works as above can be had in one volume, price 10s. 6d.</i></p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Senses And The Intellect</span>. 8vo., 15s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Emotions And The Will</span>. 8vo., 15s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Logic, Deductive And Inductive</span>, Part I., 4s. Part II., 6s. + 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Practical Essays</span>. Crown 8vo.. 2s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Bray</b> (<span class="sc">Charles</span>).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Philosophy Of Necessity</span>: or Law in Mind as in Matter. + Cr. 8vo., 5s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Education Of The Feelings</span>: a Moral System for Schools. + Crown 8vo., 2s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Bray</b>.—<span class="sc">Elements Of Morality</span>, in Easy Lessons for Home and + School Teaching. By Mrs. <span class="sc">Charles Bray</span>. Cr. 8vo., 4s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Davidson</b>.—<span class="sc">The Logic Of Definition</span>, Explained and Applied. + By <span class="sc">William L. Davidson</span>, M.A. Crown 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Green</b>. (<span class="sc">Thomas Hill</span>). The Works of. Edited by + <span class="sc">R.L. Nettleship</span>.</p> + +<p class="hang2">Vols. I. and II. Philosophical Works. 8vo., 16s. each.</p> + +<p class="hang2">Vol. III. Miscellanies. With Index to the three Volumes, and + Memoir. 8vo., 21s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Lectures On The Principles Of Political Obligation</span>. With + Preface by <span class="sc">Bernard Bosanquet</span>. 8vo., 5s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Hodgson</b> (<span class="sc">Shadworth H.</span>).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Time And Space</span>: a Metaphysical Essay. 8vo., 16s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Theory Of Practice</span>: an Ethical Inquiry. 2 vols. 8vo., + 24s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Philosophy Of Reflection</span>. 2 vols. 8vo., 21s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Hume</b>.—<span class="sc">The Philosophical Works Of David Hume</span>. + Edited by <span class="sc">T.H. Green</span> and <span class="sc">T.H. Grose</span>. + 4 vols. 8vo., 56s. Or separately, Essays. 2 vols. 28s. Treatise of Human Nature. 2 vols. + 28s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Justinian</b>.—<span class="sc">The Institutes Of Justinian</span>: Latin Text, + chiefly that of Huschke, with English Introduction, Translation, + Notes, and Summary. By <span class="sc">Thomas C. Sandars</span>, M.A. 8vo., 18s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Kant</b> (<span class="sc">Immanuel</span>).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Critique Of Practical Reason, And Other Works On The Theory Of + Ethics</span>. Translated by <span class="sc">T.K. Abbott</span>, B.D. With + Memoir. 8vo., 12s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Fundamental Principles Of The Metaphysic Of Ethics</span>. + Translated by <span class="sc">T.K. Abbott</span>, B.D. (Extracted from 'Kant's + Critique of Practical Reason and other Works on the Theory of + Ethics'). Cr. 8vo., 3s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Introduction To Logic, And His Essay On The Mistaken Subtilty + Of The Four Figures</span>. Translated by <span class="sc">T.K. Abbott</span>. + 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<a name="Page_174"></a> +<p class="hang"><b>Killick</b>.—<span class="sc">Handbook To Mill's System Of Logic</span>. By Rev. + <span class="sc">A.H. Killick</span>, M.A. Crown 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Ladd</b> (<span class="sc">George Trumbull</span>).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Philosophy Of Mind</span>: an Essay on the Metaphysics of + Psychology. 8vo., 16s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Elements Of Physiological Psychology</span>. 8vo., 21s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Outlines Of Physiological Psychology</span>. A Text-Book of + Mental Science for Academies and Colleges. 8vo., 12s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Psychology, Descriptive And Explanatory</span>: a Treatise of the + Phenomena, Laws, and Development of Human Mental Life. 8vo., 21s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Primer Of Psychology</span>. Crown 8vo., 5s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Lewes</b>—<span class="sc">The History Of Philosophy</span>, from Thales to Comte. By + <span class="sc">George Henry Lewes</span>. 2 vols. 8vo., 32s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Max Müller</b> (F.).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Science Of Thought</span>. 8vo., 21s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Three Introductory Lectures On The Science Of Thought</span>. + 8vo., 2s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Mill</b>.—<span class="sc">Analysis Of The Phenomena Of The Human Mind</span>. By + <span class="sc">James Mill</span>, 2 vols. 8vo., 28s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Mill</b> (<span class="sc">John Stuart</span>).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">A System Of Logic</span>. Cr. 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">On Liberty</span>. Cr. 8vo., 1s. 4d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">On Representative Government</span>. Crown 8vo., 2s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Utilitarianism</span>. 8vo., 2s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Examination Of Sir William Hamilton's Philosophy</span>. 8vo., + 16s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Nature, The Utility Of Religion, And Theism</span>. Three Essays. + 8vo., 5s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Mosso</b>.—<span class="sc">Fear</span>. By <span class="sc">Angelo Mosso</span>. + Translated from the Italian by <span class="sc">E. Lough</span> and + <span class="sc">F. Kiesow</span>. With 8 Illustrations. Crown 8vo., 7s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Romanes</b>.—<span class="sc">Mind And Motion And Monism</span>. + By <span class="sc">George John Romanes</span>, LL.D., F.R.S. Crown 8vo., 4s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Stock</b>.—<span class="sc">Deductive Logic</span>. + By <span class="sc">St. George Stock</span>. Fcp. 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Sully</b> (<span class="sc">James</span>).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Human Mind</span>: a Text-book of Psychology. 2 vols. 8vo., + 21s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Outlines Of Psychology</span>. 8vo., 9s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Teacher's Handbook Of Psychology</span>. Crown 8vo., 5s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Studies Of Childhood</span>. 8vo. 10s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Swinburne</b>.—<span class="sc">Picture Logic</span>: an Attempt to Popularise the + Science of Reasoning. By <span class="sc">Alfred James Swinburne</span>, M.A. + With 23 Woodcuts. Post 8vo., 5s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Weber</b>.—<span class="sc">History Of Philosophy</span>, + By <span class="sc">Alfred Weber</span>, Professor in the University of Strasburg, + Translated by <span class="sc">Frank Thilly</span>, Ph.D. 8vo., 16s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Whately</b> (<span class="sc">Archbishop</span>).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Bacon's Essays</span>. With Annotations. + By <span class="sc">R. Whately</span>. 8vo., 10s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Elements Of Logic</span>. Cr. 8vo., 4s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Elements Of Rhetoric</span>. Cr. 8vo., 4s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Lessons On Reasoning</span>. Fcp. 8vo., 1s. 6d.</p> + +<a name="Page_175"></a> +<p class="hang"><b>Zeller</b> (Dr. <span class="sc">Edward</span>, Professor in the University of + Berlin).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Stoics, Epicureans, And Sceptics</span>. Translated by the + Rev. <span class="sc">O.J. Reichel</span>, M.A. Crown 8vo., 15s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Outlines Of The History Of Greek Philosophy</span>. Translated by + <span class="sc">Sarah F. Alleyne</span> and <span class="sc">Evelyn Abbott</span>. Crown 8vo., + 10s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Plato And The Older Academy</span>. Translated by + <span class="sc">Sarah F. Alleyne</span> and <span class="sc">Alfred Goodwin</span>, B.A. + Crown 8vo., 18s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Socrates And The Socratic Schools</span>. Translated by the Rev. + <span class="sc">O.J. Reichel</span>, M.A. Crown 8vo., 10s.</p> + +<br /> +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> +<br /> + +<p class="cen115">MANUALS OF CATHOLIC PHILOSOPHY.</p> + +<p class="cen115">(<i>Stonyhurst Series</i>.)</p> + +<br /> + +<p class="hang"><span class="sc">A Manual Of Political Economy</span>. + By <span class="sc">C.S. Devas</span>, M.A. Cr. 8vo., 6s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><span class="sc">First Principles Of Knowledge</span>. + By <span class="sc">John Rickaby</span>, S.J. Crown 8vo., 5s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><span class="sc">General Metaphysics</span>. + By <span class="sc">John Rickaby</span>, S.J. Crown 8vo., 5s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><span class="sc">Logic</span>. + By <span class="sc">Richard F. Clarke</span>, S.J. Crown 8vo., 5s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><span class="sc">Moral Philosophy (Ethics And Natural Law</span>). + By <span class="sc">Joseph Rickaby</span>, S.J. Crown 8vo., 5s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><span class="sc">Natural Theology</span>. + By <span class="sc">Bernard Boedder</span>, S.J. Crown 8vo., 6s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><span class="sc">Psychology</span>. + By <span class="sc">Michael Maher</span> S.J. Crown 8vo., 6s. 6d.</p> + +<br /> +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> +<br /> + +<p class="cen115"><b>History and Science of Language, &c.</b></p> + +<br /> + +<p class="hang"><b>Davidson</b>.—<span class="sc">Leading And Important English Words</span>: + Explained and Exemplified. By <span class="sc">William L. Davidson</span>, M.A. Fcp. 8vo., + 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Farrar</b>.—<span class="sc">Language And Languages</span>. + By F.W. <span class="sc">Farrar</span>, D.D., F.R.S., Cr. 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Graham</b>.—<span class="sc">English Synonyms</span>, Classified and Explained: + with Practical Exercises. By <span class="sc">G.f. Graham</span>. Fcap. 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Max Müller</b> (F.).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Science Of Language</span>, Founded on Lectures delivered at + the Royal Institution in 1861 and 1863. 2 vols. Crown 8vo., 21s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Biographies Of Words, And The Home Of The Aryas</span>. Crown + 8vo., 7s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Three Lectures On The Science Of Language, And Its Place In + General Education</span>, delivered at Oxford, 1889. Crown 8vo., 3s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Roget</b>.—<span class="sc">Thesaurus Of English Words And Phrases</span>. + Classified and Arranged so as to Facilitate the Expression of Ideas and + assist in Literary Composition. By <span class="sc">Peter Mark Roget</span>, + M.D., F.R.S. Recomposed throughout, enlarged and improved, partly + from the Author's Notes, and with a full Index, by the Author's + Son, <span class="sc">John Lewis Roget</span>. Crown 8vo., 10s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Whately</b>.—<span class="sc">English Synonyms</span>. + By <span class="sc">E. Jane Whately</span>. Fcap. 8vo., 3s.</p> + +<br /> +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> +<br /> + +<p class="cen115"><a name="Page_176"></a><b>Political Economy and Economics.</b></p> + +<br /> + +<p class="hang"><b>Ashley</b>.—<span class="sc">English Economic History And Theory</span>. By + <span class="sc">W.J. Ashley</span>, M.A. Crown 8vo. Part I., 5s. Part II., 10s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Bagehot</b>.—<span class="sc">Economic Studies</span>. + By <span class="sc">Walter Bagehot</span>. Cr. 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Barnett</b>.—<span class="sc">Practicable Socialism</span>: Essays on Social Reform. + By the Rev. S.A. and Mrs. <span class="sc">Barnett</span>. Cr. 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Brassey</b>.—<span class="sc">Papers And Addresses On Work And Wages</span>. + By Lord <span class="sc">Brassey</span>. Edited by <span class="sc">J. Potter</span>, and with + Introduction by <span class="sc">George Howell</span>, M.P. Crown 8vo., 5s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Devas</b>.—<span class="sc">A Manual Of Political Economy</span>. By + <span class="sc">C.S. Devas</span>, M.A. Crown 8vo., 6s. 6d. (Manuals of Catholic + Philosophy.)</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Dowell</b>.—<span class="sc">A History Of Taxation And Taxes In England</span>, from + the Earliest Times to the Year 1885. By <span class="sc">Stephen Dowell</span> (4 + vols. 8vo.) Vols. I. and II. The History of Taxation, 21s. Vols. + III. and IV. The History of Taxes, 21s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Jordan</b>.—<span class="sc">The Standard Of Value</span>. + By <span class="sc">William Leighton Jordan</span>, Fellow of the Royal Statistical + Society, &c. Crown 8vo. 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Macleod</b> (<span class="sc">Henry Dunning</span>, M.A.).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Bimetalism</span>. 8vo., 5s. net.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Elements Of Banking</span>. Crown 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Theory And Practice Of Banking</span>. Vol. I. 8vo.. 12s. + Vol. II. 14s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Theory Of Credit</span>. 8vo. Vol. I. 10s net. Vol. II., Part + I., 10s. net. Vol. II. Part II., 10s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">A Digest Of The Law Of Bills Of Exchange, Bank Notes, &c.</span> + [In the press.]</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Mill</b>.—<span class="sc">Political Economy</span>. + By <span class="sc">John Stuart Mill</span>.</p> + +<p class="hang3"><i>Popular Edition</i>. Crown 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> +<p class="hang3"><i>Library Edition</i>. 2 vols. 8vo., 30s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Mulhall</b>.—<span class="sc">Industries And Wealth Of Nations</span>. +By <span class="sc">Michael G. Mulhall</span>, F.S.S. With 32 Full-page Diagrams. Crown 8vo., 8s. + 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Soderini</b>.—<span class="sc">Socialism And Catholcism</span>. From the Italian of + Count <span class="sc">Edward Soderini</span>. By <span class="sc">Richard Jenery-Shee</span>. + With a Preface by Cardinal <span class="sc">Vaughan</span>. Crown 8vo. 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Symes</b>.—<span class="sc">Political Economy</span>: a Short Text-book of Political + Economy. With Problems for Solution, and Hints for Supplementary + Reading; also a Supplementary Chapter on Socialism. By Professor + <span class="sc">J.E. Symes</span>, M.A., of University College, Nottingham. Cr. + 8vo. 2s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Toynbee</b>.—<span class="sc">Lectures On The Industrial Revolution Of The 18th + Century In England</span>: Popular Addresses, Notes and other + Fragments. By <span class="sc">Arnold Toynbee</span>. With a Memoir of the Author + by <span class="sc">Benjamin Jowett</span>, D.D. 8vo., 10s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Vincent</b>.—<span class="sc">The Land Question In North Wales</span>: being a Brief + Survey of the History, Origin, and Character of the Agrarian + Agitation, and of the Nature and Effect of the Proceedings of the + Welsh Land Commission. By <span class="sc">J.E. Vincent</span>. 8vo., 5s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Webb</b>.—<span class="sc">The History Of Trade Unionism</span>. + By <span class="sc">Sidney</span> and <span class="sc">Beatrice Webb</span>. With Map and + full Bibliography of the Subject. 8vo., 18s.</p> + +<br /> +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> +<br /> + +<p class="cen115"><b>STUDIES IN ECONOMICS AND POLITICAL SCIENCE.</b></p> + +<p class="cen">Issued under the auspices of the London School of Economics and +Political Science.</p> + +<br /> + +<p class="hang"><span class="sc">The History Of Local Rates In England</span>: Five Lectures. By + <span class="sc">Edwin Cannan</span>, M.A. Crown 8vo., 2s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><span class="sc">German Social Democracy</span>. + By <span class="sc">Bertrand Russell</span>, B.A. + With an Appendix on Social Democracy and the Woman Question in + Germany by <span class="sc">Alys Russell</span>, B.A. Cr. 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><span class="sc">Select Documents Illustrating The History Of Trade Unionism</span>.</p> + +<p class="hang2">1. The Tailoring Trade. Edited by <span class="sc">W.F. Galton</span>. With a + Preface by <span class="sc">Sidney Webb</span>, LL.D. Crown 8vo., 5s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><span class="sc">Deploige's Referendum En Suisse</span>. Translated with + Introduction and Notes, by <span class="sc">C.P. Trevelyan</span>, M.A. [In + preparation.]</p> + +<p class="hang"><span class="sc">Select Documents Illustrating The State Regulation Of Wages</span>. + Edited, with Introduction and Notes, by <span class="sc">W.A.S. Hewins</span>, + M.A. [In preparation.]</p> + +<p class="hang"><span class="sc">Hungarian Gild Records</span>. Edited by Dr. + <span class="sc">Julius Mandello</span>, of Budapest. [In preparation.]</p> + +<p class="hang"><span class="sc">The Relations Between England And The Hanseatic League</span>. By + Miss <span class="sc">E.A. MacArthur</span>. [In preparation.]</p> + +<br /> +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> +<br /> + +<p class="cen115"><a name="Page_177"></a><b>Evolution, Anthropology, &c.</b></p> + +<br /> + +<p class="hang"><b>Babington</b>.—<span class="sc">Fallacies Of Race Theories As Applied To National + Characteristics</span>. Essays by <span class="sc">William Dalton Babington</span>, + M.A. Crown 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Clodd</b> (<span class="sc">Edward</span>).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Story Of Creation</span>: a Plain Account of Evolution. With + 77 Illustrations. Crown 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">A Primer Of Evolution</span>: being a Popular Abridged Edition of + 'The Story of Creation'. With Illustrations. Fcp. 8vo., 1s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Lang</b>.—<span class="sc">Custom And Myth</span>: Studies of Early Usage and Relief. + By <span class="sc">Andrew Lang</span>. With 15 Illustrations. Crown 8vo., 3s. + 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Lubbock</b>.—<span class="sc">The Origin Of Civilisation</span> and the Primitive + Condition of Man. By Sir <span class="sc">J. Lubbock</span>, Bart., M.P. With 5 + Plates and 20 Illustrations in the Text. 8vo., 18s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Romanes</b> (<span class="sc">George John</span>).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Darwin, And After Darwin</span>: an Exposition of the Darwinian + Theory, and a Discussion on Post-Darwinian Questions.</p> + +<p class="hang3">Part I. <span class="sc">The Darwinian Theory</span>. With Portrait of Darwin + and 125 Illustrations. Crown 8vo., 10s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang3"> Part II. <span class="sc">Post-darwinian Questions</span>: Heredity and Utility. + With Portrait of the Author and 5 Illustrations. Cr. 8vo., 10s. + 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">An Examination Of Weismannism</span>. Crown 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Essays</span>.—Edited by + <span class="sc">C. Lloyd Morgan</span>, Principal of University College, Bristol.</p> + + +<br /> +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> +<br /> + +<p class="cen115"><b>Classical Literature and Translations, &c.</b></p> + +<br /> + +<p class="hang"><b>Abbott</b>.—<span class="sc">Hellenica</span>. A Collection of Essays on Greek + Poetry, Philosophy, History, and Religion. Edited by <span class="sc">Evelyn Abbott</span>, + M.A., LL.D. 8vo., 16s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Æschylus</b>.—<span class="sc">Eumenides Of Æschylus</span>. + With Metrical English Translation. By <span class="sc">J.F. Davies</span>. 8vo., 7s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Aristophanes</b>.—<span class="sc">The Acharnians Of Aristophanes</span>, translated + into English Verse. By <span class="sc">R.Y. Tyrrell</span>. Cr. 8vo., 1s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Aristotle</b>.—<span class="sc">Youth And Old Age, Life And Death, And + Respiration</span>. Translated, with Introduction and Notes, by <span class="sc">W. Ogle</span>, + M.A., M.D., F.K.C.P., sometime Fellow of Corpus Christi College, Oxford.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Becker</b> (Professor).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Gallus</span>: or, Roman Scenes in the Time of Augustus. + Illustrated. Post 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Charicles</span>: or, Illustrations of the Private Life of the + Ancient Greeks. Illustrated. Post 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Cicero</b>.—<span class="sc">Cicero's Correspondence</span>. By + <span class="sc">R.Y. Tyrrell</span>. Vols. I., II., III. 8vo., each 12s. Vol. IV., + 15s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Egbert</b>.—<span class="sc">Introduction To The Study Of Latin Inscriptions</span>. + By <span class="sc">James C. Egbert</span>, Junr., Ph.D. With numerous + Illustrations and Fac-similes Square crown 8vo., 16s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Farnell</b>.—<span class="sc">Greek Lyric Poetry</span>: a Complete + Collection of the Surviving Passages from the Greek Song-Writing. Arranged with + Prefatory Articles, Introductory Matter and Commentary. By + <span class="sc">George S. Farnell</span>, M.A. With 5 Plates. 8vo., 16s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Lang</b>.—<span class="sc">Homer And The Epic</span>. + By <span class="sc">Andrew Lang</span>. Crown 8vo., 9s. net.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Lucan</b>.—<span class="sc">The Pharsalia Of Lucan</span>. Translated into Blank + Verse. By <span class="sc">Edward Ridley</span>, Q.C. 8vo., 14s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Mackail</b>.—<span class="sc">Select Epigrams From The Greek Anthology</span>. + By <span class="sc">J.W. Mackail</span>. Edited with a Revised Text, Introduction, + Translation, and Notes. 8vo., 16s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Rich</b>.—<span class="sc">A Dictionary Of Roman And Greek Antiquities</span>. By + <span class="sc">A. Rich</span>, B.A. With 2000 Woodcuts. Crown 8vo., 7s. 6d.</p> + +<a name="Page_178"></a> +<p class="hang"><b>Sophocles</b>.—Translated into English Verse. By <span class="sc">Robert + Whitelaw</span>, M.A., Assistant Master in Rugby School. Cr. 8vo., 8s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Tacitus</b>.—<span class="sc">The History Of P. Cornelius Tacitus</span>. Translated + into English, with an Introduction and Notes, Critical and + Explanatory, by <span class="sc">Albert William Quill</span>, M.A. T.C.D. 2 Vols. + Vol. I., 8vo., 7s. 6d., Vol. II., 8vo., 12s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Tyrrell</b>.—<span class="sc">Translations Into Greek And Latin Verse</span>. + Edited by <span class="sc">R.Y. Tyrrell</span>. 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Virgil</b>.—<span class="sc">The Æneid Of Virgil</span>. Translated into English Verse + by <span class="sc">John Conington</span>. Crown 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Poems Of Virgil</span>. Translated into English Prose by + <span class="sc">John Conington</span>. Crown 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Æneid Of Virgil</span>, freely translated into English Blank + Verse. By <span class="sc">W.J. Thornhill</span>. Crown 8vo., 7s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Æneid Of Virgil</span>. Translated into English Verse by + <span class="sc">James Rhoades</span>. Books I.-VI. Crown 8vo., 5s. Books + VII.-XII. Crown 8vo., 5s.</p> + +<br /> +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> +<br /> + +<p class="cen115"><b>Poetry and the Drama.</b></p> + +<br /> + +<p class="hang"><b>Acworth</b>.-<span class="sc">Ballads Of The Marathas</span>. Rendered into English + Verse from the Marathi Originals. By <span class="sc">Harry Arbuthnot + Acworth</span>. 8vo., 5s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Allingham</b> (<span class="sc">William</span>).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Irish Songs And Poems</span>. With Frontispiece of the Waterfall + of Asaroe. Fcp. 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Laurence Bloomfield</span>. With Portrait of the Author. Fcp. + 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Flower Pieces; Day And Night Songs; Ballads</span>. With 2 + Designs by <span class="sc">D.G. Rossetti</span>. Fcp. 8vo., 6s.; large paper + edition, 12s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Life And Phantasy</span>: with Frontispiece by Sir + <span class="sc">J.E. Millais</span>, Bart., and Design by <span class="sc">Arthur Hughes</span>. + Fcp. 8vo., 6s.; large paper edition, 12s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Thought And Word, And Ashby Manor</span>: a Play. Fcp. 8vo., 6s.; + large paper edition, 12s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Blackberries</span>. Imperial 16mo., 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><i>Sets of the above 6 vols. may be had in uniform half-parchment + binding. price 30s.</i></p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Armstrong</b> (<span class="sc">G.F. Savage</span>).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Poems</span>: Lyrical and Dramatic. Fcp. 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">King Saul</span>. (The Tragedy of Israel, Part I.) Fcp. 8vo. 5s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">King David</span>. (The Tragedy of Israel, Part II.) Fcp. 8vo., + 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">King Solomon</span>. (The Tragedy of Israel, Part III.) Fcp. + 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Ugone</span>: a Tragedy. Fcp. 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">A Garland From Greece</span>: Poems. Fcp. 8vo., 7s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Stories Of Wicklow</span>: Poems. Fcp. 8vo., 7s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Mephistopheles In Broadcloth</span>: a Satire. Fcp. 8vo., 4s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">One In The Infinite</span>: a Poem. Cr. 8vo., 7s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Armstrong</b>.—<span class="sc">The Poetical Works Of Edmund J. Armstrong</span>. + Fcp. 8vo., 5s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Arnold</b> (Sir <span class="sc">Edwin</span>).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Light Of The World</span>: or, the Great Consummation. With + 14 illustrations after <span class="sc">W. Holman Hunt</span>. Cr. 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Potiphar's Wife</span>, and other Poems. Crown 8vo., 5s. net.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Adzuma</span>: or, the Japanese Wife. A Play. Crown 8vo., 6s. 6d. + net.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Tenth Muse, And Other Poems</span>. Crown 8vo., 5s. net.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Beesly</b> (A.H.).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Ballads, And Other Verse</span>. Fcp. 8vo., 5s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Danton, And Other Verse</span>. Fcp. 8vo., 4s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Bell</b> (Mrs. <span class="sc">Hugh</span>).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Chamber Comedies</span>: a Collection of Plays and Monologues + for the Drawing Room. Crown 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Fairy Tale Plays, And How To Act Them</span>. With 91 Diagrams + and 52 Illustrations. Crown 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Carmichael</b>.—<span class="sc">Poems</span>. + By <span class="sc">Jennings Carmichael</span> (Mrs. <span class="sc">Francis Mullis</span>). + Crown 8vo., 6s. net.</p> + +<a name="Page_179"></a> +<p class="hang"><b>Christie</b>.—<span class="sc">Lays And Verses</span>. + By <span class="sc">Nimmo Christie</span>. Crown 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Cochrane</b> (<span class="sc">Alfred</span>).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Kestrel's Nest</span>, and other Verses. Fcp. 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Leviore Plectro</span>: Occasional Verses. Fcp. 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Florian's Fables</b>.—<span class="sc">The Fables Of Florian</span>. Done into + English Verse by Sir <span class="sc">Philip Perring</span>, Bart. Crown 8vo., + 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Goethe.</b></p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Faust</span>, Part I., the German Text, with Introduction and + Notes. By <span class="sc">Albert M. Selss</span>, Ph.D., M.A. Cr. 8vo., 5s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Faust</span>. Translated, with Notes. By T.E. <span class="sc">Webb</span>. + 8vo., 12s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Gurney</b>.—<span class="sc">Day Dreams</span>: Poems. + By Rev. <span class="sc">Alfred Gurney</span>. M.A. Crown 8vo, 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Ingelow</b> (<span class="sc">Jean</span>).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Poetical Works</span>. 2 vols. Fcp. 8vo., 12s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Lyrical And Other Poems</span>. Selected from the Writings of + <span class="sc">Jean Ingelow</span>. Fcp. 8vo., 2s. 6d.; cloth plain, 3s. cloth + gilt.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Lang</b> (<span class="sc">Andrew</span>).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Ban And Arrière Ban</span>. A Rally of Fugitive Rhymes. Fcp. + 8vo., 5s. net.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Grass Of Parnassus</span>. Fcp. 8vo., 2s. 6d. net.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Ballads Of Books</span>. Edited by <span class="sc">Andrew Lang</span>. Fcp. + 3vo., 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Blue Poetry Book</span>. Edited by <span class="sc">Andrew Lang</span>. + With 100 Illustrations. Crown 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Lecky</b>.—<span class="sc">Poems</span>. By <span class="sc">W.E.H. Lecky</span>. + Fcp. 8vo., 5s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Lindsay</b>.—<span class="sc">The Flower Seller</span>, and other Poems. + By <span class="sc">Lady Lindsay</span>. Crown 8vo., 5s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Lytton</b> (<span class="sc">The Earl Of</span>) (<span class="sc">Owen Meredith</span>).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Marah</span>. Fcp. 8vo., 6s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">King Poppy</span>: a Fantasia. With 1 Plate and Design on + Title-Page by Sir <span class="sc">Ed. Burne-Jones</span>, A.R.A. Crown 8vo., + 10s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Wanderer</span>. Cr. 8vo., 10s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Lucile</span>. Crown 8vo. 10s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Selected Poems</span>. Cr. 8vo., 10s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Macaulay</b>.—<span class="sc">Lays Of Ancient Rome</span>, &c. By Lord + <span class="sc">Macaulay</span>.</p> + +<p class="hang2">Illustrated by <span class="sc">G. Scharf</span>. Fcp. 4to., 10s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2">—— Bijou Edition. 18mo., 2s. 6d., gilt top.</p> + +<p class="hang2">—— Popular Edition. Fcp. 4to., 6d. sewed, 1s. cloth.</p> + +<p class="hang2">Illustrated by <span class="sc">J.R. Weguelin</span>. Crown 8vo., 3 s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2">Annotated Edition. Fcp. 8vo., 1s. sewed, 1s. 6d. cloth.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Macdonald</b> (<span class="sc">George</span>, LL.D.).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">A Book Of Strife, In The Form Of The Diary Of An Old + Soul</span>: Poems. 18mo., 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Rampollo: Growths From An Old Root</span>; containing a Book of + Translations, old and new: also a Year's Dairy of an Old Soul. + Cr. 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Morris</b> (<span class="sc">William</span>).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Poetical Works—library Edition</span>. Complete in Ten Volumes. + Crown 8vo., price 6s. each:—</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Earthly Paradise</span>. 4 vols. 6s. each.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Life And Death Of Jason</span>. 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Defence Of Guenevere</span>, and other Poems. 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Story Of Sigurd The Volsung</span>, and the Fall of the + Niblungs. 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Love Is Enough</span>; or, The Freeing of Pharamond: a Morality; + and <span class="sc">Poems By The Way</span>. 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Odyssey Of Homer</span>. Done into English Verse. 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Æneids Of Virgil</span>. Done into English Verse. 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang">Certain of the Poetical Works may also be had in the following + Editions:—</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Earthly Paradise</span>.</p> + +<p class="hang2">Popular Edition. 5 vols. 12mo., 25s.; or 5s. each, sold separately.</p> + +<p class="hang2">The same in Ten Parts, 25s.; or 2s. 6d. each, sold separately.</p> + +<p class="hang2">Cheap Edition, in 1 vol. Cr. 8vo., 7s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Love Is Enough</span>; or, The Freeing of Pharamond: a Morality. + Square crown 8vo., 7s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Poems By The Way</span>. Square crown 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang2">* For Mr. William Morris's Prose Works, see pp. 22 and 31.</p> + +<a name="Page_180"></a> +<p class="hang"><b>Murray</b>.—(<span class="sc">Robert F.</span>), Author of 'The Scarlet Gown'. + His Poems, with a Memoir by <span class="sc">Andrew Lang</span>. Fcp. 8vo. 5s. net.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Nesbit</b>.—<span class="sc">Lays And Legends</span>. + By <span class="sc">E. Nesbit</span> (Mrs. <span class="sc">Hubert Bland</span>). + First Series. Crown 8vo., 3s. 6d. Second Series, with Portrait. Crown 8vo., 5s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Peek</b> (<span class="sc">Hedley</span>) (<span class="sc">Frank Leyton</span>).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Skeleton Leaves</span>: Poems. With a Dedicatory Poem to the + late Hon. Roden Noel. Fcp. 8vo., 2s. 6d. net.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Shadows Of The Lake</span>, and other Poems. Fcp. 8vo., 2s. + 6d. net.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Piatt</b> (<span class="sc">Sarah</span>).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">An Enchanted Castle, And Other Poems</span>: Pictures, Portraits + and People in Ireland. Crown 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Poems</span>. With Portrait of the Author. 2 vols. Crown 8vo., + 10s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Piatt</b> (<span class="sc">John James</span>).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Idyls And Lyrics Of The Ohio Valley</span>. Crown 8vo., 5s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Little New World Idyls</span>. Cr. 8vo., 5s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Rhoades</b>.—<span class="sc">Teresa And Other Poems</span>. By <span class="sc">James + Rhoades</span>. Crown 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Riley</b> (<span class="sc">James Whitcomb</span>).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Old Fashioned Roses</span>: Poems. 12mo., 5s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Poems Here At Home</span>. Fcap. 8vo., 6s. net.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">A Child-world: Poems</span>. Fcp. 8vo., 5s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Romanes</b>.—<span class="sc">A Selection From The Poems Of George John + Romanes</span>, M.A., LL.D., F.R.S. With an Introduction by <span class="sc">T. Herbert Warren</span>, + President of Magdalen College, Oxford, Crown 8vo, 4s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Shakespeare</b>.—<span class="sc">Bowdler's Family Shakespeare</span>. With 36 + Woodcuts. 1 vol. 8vo., 14s. Or in 6 vols. Fcp. 3vo., 21s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Shakespeare Birthday Book</span>. By <span class="sc">Mary F. + Dunbar</span>. 32mo., 1s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Sturgis</b>.—<span class="sc">A Book Of Song</span>. + By <span class="sc">Julian Sturgis</span>. 16mo., 5s.</p> + +<br /> +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> +<br /> + +<p class="cen115"><b>Works of Fiction, Humour, &c.</b></p> + +<br /> + +<p class="hang"><b>Alden</b>.—<span class="sc">Among The Freaks</span>, + By <span class="sc">W.L. Alden</span>. With 55 Illustrations by + <span class="sc">J.F. Sullivan</span> and <span class="sc">Florence K. Upton</span>. + Crown 8vo, 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Anstey</b> (F., Author of 'Vice Versa').</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Voces Populi</span>. Reprinted from 'Punch'. First Series. With + 20 Illustrations by <span class="sc">J. Bernard Partridge</span>. Cr. 8vo., 3s. + 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Man From Blankley's</span>: a Story in Scenes, and other + Sketches. With 24 Illustrations by <span class="sc">J. Bernard Partridge</span>. + Post 410., 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Astor</b>.—<span class="sc">A Journey In Other Worlds</span>. a Romance of the + Future. By <span class="sc">John Jacob Astor</span>. With 10 Illustrations. Cr. + 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Baker</b>.—<span class="sc">By The Western Sea</span>. + By <span class="sc">James Baker</span>, Author of 'John Westacott'. Crown 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Beaconsfield</b> (<span class="sc">The Earl Of</span>).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Novels And Tales</span>. Complete in 11 vols. Cr. 8vo., 1s. 6d. + each.</p> + +<p class="hang3">Vivian Grey.</p> +<p class="hang3">The Young Duke, &c.</p> +<p class="hang3">Alroy, Ixion, &c.</p> +<p class="hang3">Contarini Fleming, &c.</p> +<p class="hang3">Tancred.</p> +<p class="hang3">Sybil.</p> +<p class="hang3">Henrietta Temple.</p> +<p class="hang3">Venetia.</p> +<p class="hang3">Coningsby.</p> +<p class="hang3">Lothair.</p> +<p class="hang3">Eudymion.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Novels And Tales</span>. The Hughenden Edition. With 2 Portraits and +11 Vignettes. 11 vols. Cr. 8vo., 48s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Black</b>.—<span class="sc">The Princess Désirée</span>. + By <span class="sc">Clementia Black</span>. With 8 Illustrations by + <span class="sc">John Williamson</span>. Cr. 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<a name="Page_181"></a> +<p class="hang"><b>Dougall</b> (L).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Beggars All</span>. Crown 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">What Necessity Knows</span>. Crown 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Doyle</b> (<span class="sc">A. Conan</span>).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Micah Clarke</span>: a Tale of Monmouth's Rebellion. With 10 + Illustrations. Cr. 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Captain Of The Polestar</span>, and other Tales. Cr. 8vo., + 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Refugees</span>: a Tale of Two Continents. With 25 + Illustrations. Crown 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Stark-munro Letters</span>. Cr. 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Farrar</b> (F.W., Dean of Canterbury).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Darkness And Dawn</span>: or, Scenes in the Days of Nero. An + Historic Tale. Cr. 8vo., 7s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Gathering Clouds</span>: a Tale of the Days of St. Chrysostom. + Crown 8vo., 7s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Fowler</b>.—<span class="sc">The Young Pretenders</span>. A Story of Child Life. By + <span class="sc">Edith H. Fowler</span>. With 12 Illustrations by <span class="sc">Philip + Burne-Jones</span>. Crown 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Froude</b>.—<span class="sc">The Two Chiefs Of Dunboy</span>: an Irish Romance of the + Last Century. By <span class="sc">J.A. Froude</span>. Cr. 8vo. 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Graham</b>.—<span class="sc">The Red Scaur</span>: a Novel of Manners. By + <span class="sc">P. Anderson Graham</span>. Cr. 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Haggard</b> (<span class="sc">H. Rider</span>).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Heart Of The World</span>. With 15 Illustrations, Crown 8vo., + 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Joan Haste</span>. With 20 illustrations. Cr. 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The People Of The Mist</span>. With 16 Illustrations. Crown 8vo., + 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Montezuma's Daughter</span>. With 24 Illustrations. Crown 8vo., + 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">She</span>. With 32 Illustrations. Cr. 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Allan Quatermain</span>. With 31 Illustrations. Crown 8vo., 3s. + 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Maiwa's Revenge</span>. Crown 8vo., 1s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Colonel Quaritch</span>, V.C. Cr. 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Cleopatra</span>. With 29 Illustrations Crown 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Beatrice</span>. Cr. 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Eric Brighteyes</span>. With 51 Illustrations. Cr. 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Nada The Lily</span>. With 23 Illustrations. Cr. 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Allan's Wife</span>. With 34 Illustrations. Crown 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Witch's Head</span>. With 16 Illustrations. Crown 8vo., 3s. + 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Mr. Meeson's Will</span>. With 16 Illustrations. Crown 8vo., 3s. + 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Dawn</span>. With 16 Illustrations. Crown 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Haggard and Lang</b>.—<span class="sc">The World's Desire</span>. + By <span class="sc">H. Rider Haggard</span> and <span class="sc">Andrew Lang</span>. + With 27 Illustrations Crown 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Harte</b>.—<span class="sc">In The Carquinez Woods</span>, and other Stories. By + <span class="sc">Bret Harte</span>. Cr. 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Hope</b>.—<span class="sc">The Heart Of Princess Osra</span>. + By <span class="sc">Anthony Hope</span>. With 9 Illustrations by + <span class="sc">John Williamson</span>. Crown 8vo., 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Hornung</b>.—<span class="sc">The Unbidden Guest</span>. + By <span class="sc">E.W. Hornung</span>. Cr. 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Lang</b>.—<span class="sc">A Monk Of Fife</span>: being the Chronicle written by + <span class="sc">Norman Leslie</span> of Pitcullo, concerning Marvellous Deeds + that befel in the Realm of France, 1429-31. By <span class="sc">Andrew Lang</span>. + With Illustrations by <span class="sc">Selwyn Image</span>. Crown 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Lyall</b> (<span class="sc">Edna</span>).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Autobiography Of A Slander</span>. Fcp. 8vo., 1s. sewed.</p> + +<p class="hang2">Presentation Edition. With 20 Illustrations by <span class="sc">Lancelot + Speed</span>. Cr. 8vo., 2s. 6d. net.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Autobiography Of A Truth</span>. Fcp. 8vo., 1s. sewed; 1s. + 6d. cloth.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Doreen</span>: The Story of a Singer. Cr. 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<a name="Page_182"></a> +<p class="hang"><b>Magruder</b>.—<span class="sc">The Violet</span>. + By <span class="sc">Julia Magruder</span>. With 11 Illustrations by + <span class="sc">C.D. Gibson</span>. Crown 8vo,. 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Matthews</b>.—<span class="sc">His Father's Son</span>: a Novel of the New York Stock + Exchange. By <span class="sc">Brander Mathews</span>. With 13 Illustrations. Cr. + 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Melville</b> (<span class="sc">G.J. Whyte</span>).</p> + +<p class="hang3">The Gladiators.</p> +<p class="hang3">The Interpreter.</p> +<p class="hang3">Good for Nothing.</p> +<p class="hang3">The Queen's Maries.</p> +<p class="hang3">Holmby House.</p> +<p class="hang3">Kate Coventry.</p> +<p class="hang3">Digby Grand.</p> +<p class="hang3">General Bounce.</p> +<p class="hang2">Cr. 8vo., 1s. 6d. each.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Merriman</b>—<span class="sc">Flotsam</span>: The Study of a Life. +By <span class="sc">Henry Seton Merriman</span>. With Frontispiece and Vignette by + <span class="sc">H.G. Massey</span>, A.R.E. Cr. 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Morris</b> (<span class="sc">William</span>).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Well At The World's End</span>. 2 vols., 8vo., 28s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Story Of The Glittering Plain</span>, which has been also + called The Land of the Living Men, or The Acre of the Undying. + Square post 8vo., 5s. net.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Roots Of The Mountains</span>, wherein is told somewhat of + the Lives of the Men of Burgdale, their Friends, their + Neighbours, their Foemen, and their Fellows-in-Arms. Written in + Prose and Verse. Square cr. 8vo., 8s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">A Tale Of The House Of The Wolfings</span>, and all the Kindreds + of the Mark. Written in Prose and Verse. Second Edition. Square + cr. 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">A Dream Of John Ball, And A King's Lesson</span>. 12mo., 1s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">News From Nowhere</span>; or, An Epoch of Rest. Being some + Chapters from an Utopian Romance. Post 8vo., 1s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2">* For Mr. William Morris's Poetical Works, see p. 19.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Newman</b> (<span class="sc">Cardinal</span>).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Loss And Gain</span>: The Story of a Convert. Crown 8vo. Cabinet + Edition, 6s.; Popular Edition, 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Callista</span>: A Tale of the Third Century. Crown 8vo. Cabinet + Edition, 6s.; Popular Edition, 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Oliphant</b>.—<span class="sc">Old Mr. Tredgold</span>. + By Mrs. <span class="sc">Oliphant</span>. Crown 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Phillipps-Wolley</b>.—<span class="sc">Snap</span>: a Legend of the Lone Mountain. + By <span class="sc">C. Phillipps-wolley</span>. With 13 Illustrations. Crown 8vo., + 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Quintana</b>.—<span class="sc">The Cid Campeador</span>: an Historical Romance. + By <span class="sc">D. Antonio De Trueba Y La Quintana</span>. Translated from the + Spanish by <span class="sc">Henry J. Gill</span>, M.A., T.C.D. Crown 8vo, 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Rhoscomyl</b> (<span class="sc">Owen</span>).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Jewel Of Ynys Galon</span>: being a hitherto unprinted + Chapter in the History of the Sea Rovers. With 12 Illustrations + by <span class="sc">Lancelot Speed</span>. Crown 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Battlement And Tower</span>: a Romance. With Frontispiece by + <span class="sc">R. Caton Woodville</span>. Crown 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Rokeby</b>.—<span class="sc">Dorcas Hobday</span>. + By <span class="sc">Charles Rokeby</span>. Crown 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Sewell</b> (<span class="sc">Elizabeth M</span>.).</p> + +<p class="hang3">A Glimpse of the World.</p> +<p class="hang3">Laneton Parsonage.</p> +<p class="hang3">Margaret Percival.</p> +<p class="hang3">Katharine Ashton.</p> +<p class="hang3">The Earl's Daughter.</p> +<p class="hang3">The Experience of Life.</p> +<p class="hang3">Amy Herbert.</p> +<p class="hang3">Cleve Hall.</p> +<p class="hang3">Gertrude.</p> +<p class="hang3">Home Life.</p> +<p class="hang3">After Life.</p> +<p class="hang3">Ursula.</p> +<p class="hang3">Ivors.</p> +<p class="hang2"> Cr. 8vo., 1s. 6d. each, cloth plain. 2s. 6d. each, cloth extra, gilt edges.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Stevenson</b> (<span class="sc">Robert Louis</span>).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Strange Case Of Dr. Jekyll And Mr. Hyde</span>. Fcp. 8vo., + 1s. sewed, 1s. 6d. cloth.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Strange Case Of Dr. Jekyll And Mr. Hyde</span>; with Other + Fables. Crown 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">More New Arabian Nights</span>—<span class="sc">The Dynamiter</span>. + By <span class="sc">Robert Louis Stevenson</span> and <span class="sc">Fanny Van De Grift + Stevenson</span>. Crown 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Wrong Box</span>. By <span class="sc">Robert Louis Stevenson</span> and + <span class="sc">Lloyd Osbourne</span>. Crown 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Suttner</b>.—<span class="sc">Lay Down Your Arms</span> <i>Die Waffen Nieder</i>: The + Autobiography of Martha Tilling. By <span class="sc">Bertha Von Suttner</span>. + Translated by <span class="sc">T. Holmes</span>. Cr. 8vo., 1s. 6d.</p> + +<a name="Page_183"></a> +<p class="hang"><b>Trollope</b> (<span class="sc">Anthony</span>).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Warden</span>. Cr. 8vo., 1s. 6d.</p> +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Barchester Towers</span>. Cr. 8vo., 1s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang">TRUE (A) RELATION <span class="sc">Of The Travels And Perilous Adventures Of Mathew + Dudgeon</span>, Gentleman: Wherein is truly set down the Manner of + his Taking, the Long Time of his Slavery in Algiers, and Means of + his Delivery. Written by Himself, and now for the first time + printed. Cr. 8vo., 5s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Walford</b> (L.B.).</p> + +<p class="hang2">Mr. <span class="sc">Smith</span>: a Part of his Life. Crown 8vo., 2s. 6d</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Baby's Grandmother</span>. Crown 8vo., 2s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Cousins</span>. Crown 8vo., 2s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Troublesome Daughters</span>. Crown 8vo., 2s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Pauline</span>. Crown 8vo., 2s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Dick Netherby</span>. Crown 8vo., 2s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The History Of A Week</span>. Crown 8vo. 2s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">A Stiff-necked Generation</span>. Crown 8vo. 2s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Nan</span>, and other Stories. Cr. 8vo., 2s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Mischief Of Monica</span>. Crown 8vo., 2s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The One Good Guest</span>. Cr. 8vo. 2s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2">'<span class="sc">Ploughed</span>,' and other Stories. Crown 8vo, 2s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Matchmaker</span>. Cr. 8vo., 2s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>West</b> (B.B.).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Half-hours With The Millionaires</span>: Showing how much harder + it is to spend a million than to make it. Cr. 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Sir Simon Vanderpetter, And Minding His Ancestors</span>. Cr. + 8vo., 5s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">A Financial Atonement</span>. Cr. 8vo.,6s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Weyman</b> (<span class="sc">Stanley</span>).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The House Of The Wolf</span>. Cr. 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">A Gentleman Of France</span>. Cr. 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Red Cockade</span>. Cr. 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Whishaw</b>.—<span class="sc">A Boyar Of The Terrible</span>: a Romance of the Court + of Ivan the Cruel, First Tzar of Russia. By <span class="sc">Fred. Whishaw</span>, + With 12 Illustrations by <span class="sc">H.G. Massey</span>, A.R.E. Cr. 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<br /> +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> +<br /> + +<p class="cen115"><b>Popular Science (Natural History, &c.).</b></p> + +<br /> + +<p class="hang"><b>Butler</b>.—<span class="sc">Our Household Insects</span>. An Account of the + Insect-Pests found in Dwelling-Houses. By <span class="sc">Edward A. Butler</span>, + B.A., B.Sc. (Lond.). With 113 Illustrations. Crown 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"> <b>Furneaux</b> (W.)</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Outdoor World</span>; or, The Young Collector's Handbook. + With 18 Plates, 16 of which are coloured, and 549 Illustrations + in the Text. Crown 8vo., 7s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Butterflies And Moths</span> (British). With 12 coloured Plates + and 241 Illustrations in the Text. Crown 8vo., 12s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Life In Ponds And Streams</span>. With 8 coloured Plates and 331 + Illustrations in the Text. Cr. 8vo., 12s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Hartwig</b> (Dr. <span class="sc">George</span>).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Sea And Its Living Wonders</span>. With 12 Plates and 303 + Woodcuts. 8vo., 7s. net.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Tropical World</span>. With 8 Plates and 172 Woodcuts. 8vo., + 7s.. net.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Polar World</span>. With 3 Maps, 8 Plates and 85 Woodcuts. + 8vo., 7s. net.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Subterranean World</span>. With 3 Maps and 80 Woodcuts. 8vo., + 7s. net.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Aerial World</span>. With Map, 8 Plates and 60 Woodcuts. + 8vo., 7s. net.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Heroes Of The Polar World</span>. 19 Illustrations. Crown 8vo., + 2s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Wonders Of The Tropical Forests</span>. 40 Illustrations. Crown + 8vo., 2s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Workers Under The Ground</span>. 29 Illustrations. Crown 8vo., + 2s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Marvels Over Our Heads</span>. 29 Illustrations. Crown 8vo., 2s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Sea Monsters And Sea Birds</span>. 75 Illustrations. Crown 8vo., + 2s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Denizens Of The Deep</span>. 117 Illustrations. Crown 8vo., 2s. + 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Volcanoes And Earthquakes</span>. 30 Illustrations. Crown 8vo., + 2s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Wild Animals Of The Tropics</span>. 66 Illustrations. Crown 8vo., + 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Hayward</b>.—<span class="sc">Bird Notes</span>. + By the late <span class="sc">Jane Mary Hayward</span>. Edited by <span class="sc">Emma Hubbard</span>. + With Frontispiece and 15 Illustrations by <span class="sc">G.E. Lodge</span>. Crown 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Helmholtz</b>.—<span class="sc">Popular Lectures On Scientific Subjects</span>. By + <span class="sc">Hermann Von Helmholtz</span>. With 68 Woodcuts. 2 vols. Crown + 8vo., 3s. 6d each.</p> + +<a name="Page_184"></a> +<p class="hang"><b>Hudson</b>.—<span class="sc">British Birds</span>. + By <span class="sc">W.H. Hudson</span>, C.M.Z.S. With a Chapter on Structure and + Classification by <span class="sc">Frank K. Beddard</span>, F.R.S. + With 17 Plates (8 of which are Coloured), and over 100 Illustrations in the Text. + Crown 8vo., 12s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Proctor</b> (<span class="sc">Richard A.</span>).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Light Science For Leisure Hours</span>. Familiar Essays on + Scientific Subjects. 3 vols. Crown 8vo., 5s. each.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Rough Ways Made Smooth</span>. Familiar Essays on Scientific + Subjects,; Crown 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Pleasant Ways In Science</span>, Crown 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Nature Studies</span>. By <span class="sc">R.A. Proctor, Grant Allen, + A. Wilson, T. Foster</span> and <span class="sc">E. Clodd</span>. Crown 8vo., 3s. + 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Leisure Readings</span>. By <span class="sc">R.A. Proctor, E. Clodd, A. + Wilson, T. Foster</span>, and <span class="sc">A.C. Ranyard</span>. Cr. 8vo., 3s. + 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang">* <i>For Mr. Proctor's other books see Messrs. Longmans & Co.'s + Catalogue of Scientific Works.</i></p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Stanley</b>.—<span class="sc">A Familiar History Of Birds</span>. By + <span class="sc">E. Stanley</span>, D.D., formerly Bishop of Norwich. With + Illustrations. Cr. 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Wood</b> (Rev. J.G.).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Homes Without Hands</span>: a Description of the Habitation of + Animals, classed according to the Principle of Construction. + With 140 Illustrations. 8vo., 7s. net.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Insects At Home</span>: a Popular Account of British Insects, + their Structure, Habits and Transformations. With 700 + Illustrations. 8vo., 7s. net.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Insects Abroad</span>: a Popular Account of Foreign Insects, + their Structure, Habits and Transformations. With 600 + Illustrations. 8vo., 7s. net.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Bible Animals</span>: a Description of every Living Creature + mentioned in the Scriptures. With 112 Illustrations. 8vo., 7s. + net.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Petland Revisited</span>. With 33 Illustrations. Cr. 8vo., 3s. + 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Out Of Doors</span>; a Selection of Original Articles on + Practical Natural History. With 11 Illustrations. Cr. 8vo., 3s. + 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Strange Dwellings</span>: a Description of the Habitations of + Animals, abridged from 'Homes without Hands'. With 60 + Illustrations. Cr. 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Bird Life Of The Bible</span>. 32 Illustrations. Crown 8vo., 3s. + 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Wonderful Nests</span>. 30 Illustrations. Crown 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Homes Under The Ground</span> 28 Illustrations. Crown 8vo., 3s. + 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Wild Animals Of The Bible</span>. 29 Illustrations. Crown 8vo., + 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Domestic Animals Of The Bible</span> 23 Illustrations Crown 8vo., + 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Branch Builders</span>. 28 Illustrations. Crown 8vo., 2s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Social Habitations And Parasitic Nests</span>. 18 Illustrations. + Crown 8vo., 2s.</p> + +<br /> +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> +<br /> + +<p class="cen115"><b>Works of Reference.</b></p> + +<br /> + +<p class="hang"><b>Longmans'</b> <span class="sc">Gazetteer Of The World</span>. +Edited by <span class="sc">George G. Chisholm</span>, M.A., B.Sc. Imp. 8vo., £2 2s. + cloth, £2 2s. 6d. half-morocca.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Maunder</b> (<span class="sc">Samuel</span>).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Biographical Treasury</span>. With Supplement brought down to + 1889. By Rev. <span class="sc">James Wood</span>. Fcp. 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Treasury Of Natural History</span>: or, Popular Dictionary of + Zoology. With 900 Woodcuts. Fcp. 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Treasury Of Geography</span>, Physical. Historical, Descriptive, + and Political. With 7 Maps and 16 Plates. Fcp 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Treasury Of Bible Knowledge</span>. By the Rev. + <span class="sc">J. Ayre</span>, M.A. With 5 Maps, 15 Plates, and 300 Woodcuts. + Fcp. 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<a name="Page_185"></a> +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Treasury Of Knowledge And Library Of Reference</span>. Fcp. + 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Historical Treasury</span>: Fcp. 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Scientific And Literary Treasury</span>. Fcp. 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Treasury Of Botany</span>. Edited by <span class="sc">J. Lindley</span>, + F.R.S., and <span class="sc">T. Moore</span>, F.L.S. With 274 Woodcuts and 20 + Steel Plates. 2 vols. Fcp. 8vo., 12s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Roget</b>.—<span class="sc">Thesaurus Of English Words And Phrases</span>. + Classified and Arranged so as to Facilitate the Expression of Ideas and assist in Literary + Composition. By <span class="sc">Peter Mark Roget</span>, M.D., F.R.S. Recomposed + throughout, enlarged and improved, partly from the Author's Notes and with a full Index, + by the Author's Son, <span class="sc">John Lewis Roget</span>. Crown 8vo., 10s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"> <b>Willich</b>.—<span class="sc">Popular Tables</span> for giving information for + ascertaining the value of Lifehold, Leasehold, and Church Property, + the Public Funds, &c. By <span class="sc">Charles M. Willich</span>. Edited by + <span class="sc">H. Bence Jones</span>. Crown 8vo., 10s. 6d.</p> + +<br /> +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> +<br /> + + +<p class="cen115"><b>Children's Books</b></p> + +<br /> + +<p class="hang"><b>Crake</b> (Rev. A.D.).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Edwy The Fair</span>; or, the First Chronicle of Æscendune. + Crown 8vo., 2s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Alfgar The Dane</span>: or, the Second Chronicle of Æscendune. + Cr. 8vo., 2s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Rival Heirs</span>: being the Third and Last Chronicle of + Æscendune. Crown 8vo., 2s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The House Of Walderne. A</span>. Tale of the Cloister and the + Forest in the Days of the Barons' Wars. Crown 8vo., 2s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Brian Fitz-count</span>. A Story of Wallingford Castle and + Dorchester Abbey. Crown 8vo., 2s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Lang</b> (<span class="sc">Andrew</span>)—<span class="sc">Edited By</span>.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Blue Fairy Book</span>. With 138 Illustrations. Crown 8vo., + 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Red Fairy Book</span>. With 100 Illustrations. Crown 8vo., + 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Green Fairy Book</span>. With 99 Illustrations. Crown 8vo., + 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Yellow Fairy Book</span>. With 104 Illustrations. Crown 8vo., + 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Blue Poetry Book</span>. With 100 Illustrations. Crown 8vo., + 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Blue Poetry Book</span>. School Edition, without + Illustrations. Fcp. 8vo., 2s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The True Story Book</span>. With 66 Illustrations. Crown 8vo., + 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Red True Story Book</span>. With 100 Illustrations. Crown + 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Animal Story Book</span>. With 67 Illustrations. Crown 8vo., + 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Meade</b> (L.T.).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Daddy's Boy</span>. With Illustrations. Crown 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Deb And The Duchess</span>. With Illustrations. Crown 8vo., 3s. + 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Beresford Prize</span>. With Illustrations. Crown 8vo., 3s. + 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The House Of Surprises</span>. With Illustrations. Crown 8vo., + 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Molesworth</b>.—<span class="sc">Silverthorns</span>. + By Mrs. <span class="sc">Molesworth</span>. With Illustrations. Crown 8vo., 5s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Stevenson</b>.—<span class="sc">A Child's Garden Of Verses</span>. + By <span class="sc">Robert Louis Stevenson</span>. fcp. 8vo., 5s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Upton</b> (<span class="sc">Florence K.</span>, and <span class="sc">Bertha</span>).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Adventures Of Two Dutch Dolls And A 'Golliwogg'</span>. + Illustrated by <span class="sc">Florence K. Upton</span>, with Words by + <span class="sc">Bertha Upton</span>. With 31 Coloured Plates and numerous + Illustrations in the Text. Oblong 4to,. 6s.</p> + +<a name="Page_186"></a> +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Golliwogg's Bicycle Club</span>. + Illustrated by <span class="sc">Florence K. Upton</span>, With Words + by <span class="sc">Bertha Upton</span>. With 31 Coloured Plates and numerous + Illustrations in the Text. Oblong 4to., 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Wordsworth</b>.—<span class="sc">The Snow Garden</span> and other Fairy Tales for + Children. By <span class="sc">Elizabeth Wordsworth</span>. With 10 Illustrations + by <span class="sc">Trevor Haddon</span>. Crown 8vo., 5s.</p> + +<br /> +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> +<br /> + +<p class="cen115"><b>Longmans' Series of Books for Girls</b>.</p> + +<p class="cen">Crown 8vo., price 2s. 6d. each</p> + +<br /> + +<p class="hang"><span class="sc">Atelier (The) Du Lys</span>: or an Art Student in the Reign of + Terror.</p> + +<p class="hang2">By <span class="sc">The Same Author</span>.</p> + +<p class="hang3">Mademoiselle Mori: a Tale of Modern Rome.</p> +<p class="hang3">In the Olden Time: a Tale of the Peasant War in Germany.</p> +<p class="hang3">The Younger Sister.</p> +<p class="hang3">That Child.</p> +<p class="hang3">Under a Cloud.</p> +<p class="hang3">Hester's Venture.</p> +<p class="hang3">The Fiddler of Lugau.</p> +<p class="hang3">A Child of the Revolution.</p> + +<p class="hang"><span class="sc">Atherstone Priory</span>. By <span class="sc">L.N. Comyn</span>.</p> + +<p class="hang"><span class="sc">The Story Of A Spring Morning, &c</span>. By Mrs. + <span class="sc">Molesworth</span>. Illustrated.</p> + +<p class="hang"><span class="sc">The Palace In The Garden</span>. By Mrs. <span class="sc">Molesworth</span>. + Illustrated.</p> + +<p class="hang"><span class="sc">Neighbours</span>. By Mrs. <span class="sc">Molesworth</span>.</p> + +<p class="hang"><span class="sc">The Third Miss St. Quentin</span>. By Mrs. + <span class="sc">Molesworth</span>.</p> + +<p class="hang"><span class="sc">Very Young</span>; and <span class="sc">Quite Another Story</span>. + Two Stories. By <span class="sc">Jean Ingelow</span>.</p> + +<p class="hang"><span class="sc">Can This Be Love?</span> By <span class="sc">Louisa Parr</span>.</p> + +<p class="hang"><span class="sc">Keith Deramore</span>. By the Author of 'Miss Molly'.</p> + +<p class="hang"><span class="sc">Sidney</span>. By <span class="sc">Margaret Deland</span>.</p> + +<p class="hang"><span class="sc">An Arranged Marriage</span>. By <span class="sc">Dorothea Gerard</span>.</p> + +<p class="hang"><span class="sc">Last Words To Girls On Life At School And After School</span>. By + <span class="sc">Maria Grey</span>.</p> + +<p class="hang"><span class="sc">Stray Thoughts For Girls</span>. + By <span class="sc">Lucy H.M. Soulsby</span>, Head Mistress of Oxford High School. + 16mo., 1s. 6d. net.</p> + +<br /> +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> +<br /> + +<p class="cen115"><b>The Silver Library</b>.</p> + +<p class="cen"><span class="sc">Crown</span> 8vo. 3s. 6d. <span class="sc">Each Volume</span>.</p> + +<br /> + +<p class="hang"><b>Arnold's (Sir Edwin) Seas and Lands</b>. With 71 Illustrations. 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"> <b>Bagehot's (W.) Biographical Studio</b>. 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"> <b>Bagehot's (W.) Economic Studies</b>. 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"> <b>Bagehot's (W.) Literary Studies</b>. With Portrait. 3 vols. 3s. 6d. + each.</p> + +<p class="hang"> <b>Baker's (Sir S.W.) Eight Years in Ceylon</b>. With 6 Illustrations. 3s. + 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"> <b>Baker's (Sir S.W.) Rifle and Hound in Ceylon</b>. With 6 Illustrations, + 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"> <b>Baring-Gould's (Rev. S.) Curious Myths of the Middle Ages</b>. 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"> <b>Baring-Gould's (Rev. S.) Origin and Development of Religious Belief</b>. + 2 vols. 3s. 6d. each.</p> + +<p class="hang"> <b>Becker's (Prof.) Gallus</b>: or, Roman Scenes in the Time of Augustus. + Illus. 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"> <b>Becker's (Prof.) Charicles</b>: or, Illustrations of the Private Life of + the Ancient Greeks. Illustrated. 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"> <b>Bent's (J.T.) The Ruined Cities of Mashonaland</b>. With 117 + Illustrations. 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"> <b>Brassey's (Lady) A Voyage in the 'Sunbeam'</b>. With 66 Illustrations. + 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"> <b>Butler's (Edward A.) Our Household Insects</b>. With 7 Plates and 113 + Illustrations in the Text. 3s. 6d.</p> + +<a name="Page_187"></a> +<p class="hang"><b>Clodd's (E.) Story of Creation</b>: a Plain Account of Evolution. With + 77 Illustrations. 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"> <b>Conybeare (Rev. W.J.) and Howson's (Very Rev. J.S.) Life and Epistles + of St. Paul</b>. 46 Illustrations. 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"> <b>Dougall's (L.) Beggars All</b>; a Novel. 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"> <b>Doyle's (A. Conan) Micah Clarke</b>: a Tale of Monmouth's Rebellion. 10 + Illus. 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"> <b>Doyle's (A. Conan) The Captain of the Polestar</b>, and other Tales. 3s. + 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"> <b>Doyle's (A. Conan) The Refugees</b>: A Tale of Two Continents. With 25 + Illustrations, 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"> <b>Froude's (J.A.) The History of England</b>, from the Fall of Wolsey to + the Defeat of the Spanish Armada. 12 vols. 3s. 6d. each.</p> + +<p class="hang"> <b>Froude's (J.A.) The English in Ireland</b>. 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"> <b>Froude's (J.A.) Short Studies on Great Subjects</b>. 4 vols. 3s. 6d. + each.</p> + +<p class="hang"> <b>Froude's (J.A.) The Spanish Story of the Armada</b>, and other Essays. + 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"> <b>Froude's (J.A.) The Divorce of Catherine of Aragon</b>. 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"> <b>Froude's (J.A.) Thomas Carlyle:</b> a History of his Life.</p> + +<p class="hang2">1795-1835. 2 vols. 7s.</p> +<p class="hang2">1834-1881. 2 vols. 7s.</p> + +<p class="hang"> <b>Froude's (J.A.) Cæsar</b>: a Sketch. 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"> <b>Froude's (J.A.) The Two Chiefs of Dunboy</b> an Irish Romance of the + Last Century. 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"> <b>Gleig's (Rev. G.R.) Life of the Duke of Wellington</b>. With Portrait. + 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"> <b>Greville's (C.C.F.) 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With 15 Illustrations. 3s. 6d.</p> + +<br /> +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> +<br /> + +<p class="cen115"><b>Cookery, Domestic Management, &c.</b></p> + +<br /> + +<p class="hang"><b>Acton</b>.—<span class="sc">Modern Cookery</span>. + By <span class="sc">Eliza Acton</span>. With 150 Woodcuts. Fcp. 8vo., 4s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Bull</b> (<span class="sc">Thomas</span>, M.D.).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Hints To Mothers On The Management Of Their Health During The + Period Of Pregnancy</span>. Fcp. 8vo., 1s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Maternal Management Of Children In Health And Disease</span>. + Fcp. 8vo., 1s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>De Salis</b> (Mrs.).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Cakes And Confections À La Mode</span>. Fcp. 8vo., 1s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Dogs</span>: a Manual for Amateurs. Fcp. 8vo., 1s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Dressed Game And Poultry À La Mode</span>. 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Fcp. 8vo., 2s. + 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Walker</b> (<span class="sc">Jane H.</span>)</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">A Book For Every Woman</span>.</p> + +<p class="hang3">Part I. The Management of Children in Health and out of Health. + Cr. 8vo., 2s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang3"> Part II. Woman in Health and out of Health.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">A Handbook For Mothers</span>: being Simple Hints to Women on + the Management of their Health during Pregnancy and Confinement, + together with Plain Directions as to the Care of Infants. Cr. + 8vo., 2s. 6d.</p> + +<br /> +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> +<br /> + +<p class="cen115"><b>Miscellaneous and Critical Works.</b></p> + +<br /> + +<p class="hang"><b>Allingham</b>.—<span class="sc">Varieties In Prose</span>. + By <span class="sc">William Allingham</span>. 3 vols. Cr. 8vo. 18s. (Vols. 1 and 2, Rambles, by + <span class="sc">Patricius Walker</span>. Vol. 3. Irish Sketches, etc.)</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Armstrong</b>.—<span class="sc">Essays And Sketches</span>. + By <span class="sc">Edmund J. Armstrong</span>. Fcp. 8vo., 5s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Bagehot</b>.—<span class="sc">Literary Studies</span>. + By <span class="sc">Walter Bagehot</span>. With Portrait. 3 vols. Crown 8vo., 3s 6d. each.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Baring-Gould</b>.—<span class="sc">Curious Myths Of The Middle Ages</span>. + By Rev. S. <span class="sc">Baring-Gould</span>. Crown 8vo., 3s 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Baynes</b>.—<span class="sc">Shakespeare Studies, And Other Essays</span>. + By the late <span class="sc">Thomas Spencer Baynes</span>, LL.B., LL.D. With a Biographical + Preface by Prof. <span class="sc">Lewis Campbell</span>. Crown 8vo., 7s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Boyd</b> (A.K.H.) ('A.K.H.B.').</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Autumn Holidays Of A Country Parson</span>. 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Popular Ed. 8vo., 6d. sewed.</p> + +<a name="Page_190"></a> +<p class="hang"><b>Butler</b> (<span class="sc">Samuel</span>).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Erewhon</span>. Cr. 8vo., 5s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Fair Haven</span>. A Work in Defence of the Miraculous + Element in our Lord's Ministry. Cr. 8vo., 7s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Life And Habit</span>. An Essay after a Completer View of + Evolution. Cr. 8vo., 7s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Evolution, Old And New</span>. Cr. 8vo., 10s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Alps And Sanctuaries Of Piedmont And Canton Ticino</span>. + Illustrated. Post 4to., 10s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Luck, Or Cunning, As The Main Means Of Organic + Modification?</span> Cr. 8vo., 7s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Ex Voto</span>. An Account of the Sacro Monte or New Jerusalem at + Varallo-Sesia. Crown 8vo., 10s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Dreyfus</b>.—<span class="sc">Lectures On French Literature</span>. Delivered in + Melbourne by <span class="sc">Irma Dreyfus</span>. With Portrait of Author. Large + crown 8vo., 12s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Gwilt</b>.—<span class="sc">An Encyclopedia Of Architecture</span>. + By <span class="sc">Joseph Gwilt</span>, F.S.A. Illustrated with more than 1100 Engravings on + Wood. Revised (1888), with Alterations and Considerable Additions + by <span class="sc">Wyatt Papworth</span>. 8vo, £2 12s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Hamlin</b>.—<span class="sc">A Text-book Of The History Of Architecture</span>. + By <span class="sc">A.D.F. Hamlin</span>, A.M., Adjunct-Professor of Architecture in + the School of Mines, Columbia College. With 229 Illustrations. + Crown 8vo., 7s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"> <b>Haweis</b>.—<span class="sc">Music And Morals</span>. By the Rev. + <span class="sc">H.R. Haweis</span>. With Portrait of the Author, and numerous + Illustrations, Fac-similes, and Diagrams. Crown 8vo., 7s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"> <b>Indian Ideals</b> (No. 1)—</p> + +<p class="hang2"> <span class="sc">Nârada Sûtra</span>: An Inquiry into Love + (Bhakti-Jijnâsâ). Translated from the Sanskrit, with an Independent Commentary, by + <span class="sc">E.T. Sturdy</span>. Crown 8vo., 2s. 6d. net.</p> + +<p class="hang"> <b>Jefferies</b> (<span class="sc">Richard</span>).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Field And Hedgerow</span> With Portrait. Crown 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Story Of My Heart</span>. my Autobiography. With Portrait and + New Preface by <span class="sc">C.J. Longman</span>. Crown 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Red Deer</span>. 17 Illustrations + by <span class="sc">J. Charlton</span> and <span class="sc">H. Tunaly</span>. Crown 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Toilers Of The Field</span>. With Portrait from the Bust in + Salisbury Cathedral. Crown 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Wood Magic</span>: a Fable. With Frontispiece and Vignette by + E.V.B. Cr. 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Thoughts From The Writings Of Richard Jefferies</span>. Selected + by <span class="sc">H.S. Hoole Waylen</span>. 16mo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Johnson</b>,—<span class="sc">The Patentee's Manual</span>: a Treatise on the Law and + Practice of Letters Patent. By <span class="sc">J. & J.H. Johnson</span>, Patent + Agents, &c. 8vo., 10s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"> <b>Lang</b> (<span class="sc">Andrew</span>).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Letters To Dead Authors</span>. Fcp. 8vo., 2s. 6d. net.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Books And Bookmen</span>. With 2 Coloured Plates and 17 + Illustrations. Fcp. 8vo., 2s. 6d. net.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Old Friends</span>. Fcp. 8vo., 2s. 6d. net.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Letters On Literature</span>. Fcp. 8vo., 2s. 6d. net.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Cock Lane And Common-sense</span>. Crown 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Macfarren</b>.—<span class="sc">Lectures On Harmony</span> + By Sir <span class="sc">Geo. A. MacFarren</span>. 8vo., 12s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Marquand and Frothingham</b>.—<span class="sc">Text-book Of The History Of + Sculpture</span>. By <span class="sc">Allen Marquand</span>, Ph.D, and <span class="sc">Arthur L. + Frothingham</span>, Jun., Ph.D. With 113 Illustrations. Crown 8vo., + 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang"> <b>Max Müller</b> (F.).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">India: What Can It Teach Us</span>? Cr. 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Chips From A German Workshop</span>.</p> + +<p class="hang3">Vol. I. Recent Essays and Addresses. Cr. 8vo., 6s. 6d. net.</p> +<p class="hang3">Vol. II. Biographical Essays. Cr. 8vo., 6s. 6d. net.</p> +<p class="hang3">Vol. III. Essays on Language and Literature. Cr. 8vo., 6s. 6d. net.</p> +<p class="hang3">Vol. IV. Essays on Mythology and Folk Lore. Crown 8vo., 8s. 6d. net.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Contributions To The Science Of Mythology</span>. 2 vols. 8vo.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Milner</b>.—<span class="sc">Country Pleasures</span>: the Chronicle of a Year + chiefly in a Garden. By <span class="sc">George Milner</span>. Cr. 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<a name="Page_191"></a> +<p class="hang"><b>Morris</b> (<span class="sc">William</span>).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Signs Of Change</span>. Seven Lectures delivered on various + Occasions. Post 8vo., 4s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Hopes And Fears For Art</span>. Five Lectures delivered in + Birmingham, London, &c., in 1878-1881. Crown 8vo., 4s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Orchard</b>.—<span class="sc">The Astronomy Of 'Milton's Paradise Lost'</span>. By + <span class="sc">Thomas N. Orchard</span>, M.D., Member of the British + Astronomical Association. With 13 Illustrations. 8vo., 15s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Poore</b>.—<span class="sc">Essays On Rural Hygiene</span>. By + <span class="sc">George Vivian Poore</span>, M.D., F.R.C.P. With 13 Illustrations. Cr. 8vo., 6s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Proctor</b>.—<span class="sc">Strength</span>: How to get Strong and keep + Strong, with Chapters on Rowing and Swimming, Fat, Age, and the Waist. By + <span class="sc">R.A. Proctor</span>. With 9 Illustrations. Cr. 8vo, 2s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Richardson</b>.—<span class="sc">National Health</span>. A Review of the Works + of Sir Edwin Chadwick, K.C.B. By Sir <span class="sc">B.W. Richardson</span>, M.D. Cr. + 8vo., 4s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Rossetti</b>.—<span class="sc">A Shadow Of Dante</span>: being an Essay towards + studying Himself, his World, and his Pilgrimage. By <span class="sc">Maria Francesca Rossetti</span>. + With Frontispiece by <span class="sc">Dante Gabriel Rossetti</span>. Crown 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Solovyoff</b>.—<span class="sc">A Modern Priestess Of Isis</span> + (<span class="sc">Madame Blavatsky</span>). Abridged and Translated on Behalf of the Society + for Psychical Research from the Russian of <span class="sc">Vsevolod Sergyeevich + Solovyoff</span>. By <span class="sc">Walter Lear</span>, Litt. D. With Appendices. + Crown 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Stevens</b>.—<span class="sc">On The Stowage Of Ships And Their Cargoes</span>. + With Information regarding Freights, Charter-Parties, &c. By <span class="sc">Robert White + Stevens</span>, Associate Member of the Institute of Naval Architects. 8vo. 21s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>West</b>.—<span class="sc">Wills, And How Not To Make Them</span>. + With a Selection of Leading Cases. By <span class="sc">B.B. West</span>, Author of 'Half-Hours with + the Millionaires'. Fcp. 8vo., 2s. 6d.</p> + +<br /> +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> +<br /> + +<p class="cen115"><b>Miscellaneous Theological Works.</b></p> + +<p class="cen">* <i>For Church of England and Roman Catholic Works see</i> <span class="sc">Messrs. +Longmans & Co.'s</span> <i>Special Catalogues</i>.</p> + +<br /> + +<p class="hang"><b>Balfour</b>.—<span class="sc">The Foundations Of Belief</span>: being Notes + Introductory to the Study of Theology. By the Right Hon. + <span class="sc">Arthur J. Balfour</span>, M.P. 8vo., 12s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"> <b>Bird</b> (<span class="sc">Robert</span>).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">A Child's Religion</span>. Crown 8vo., 2s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Joseph The Dreamer</span>. Cr. 8vo., 5s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Jesus, The Carpenter Of Nazareth</span>. Crown 8vo, 5s.</p> + +<p class="hang2">To be had also in Two Parts, 2s. 6d. each.</p> + +<p class="hang2">Part. I.—<span class="sc">Galilee And The Lake Of Gennesaret</span>.</p> + +<p class="hang2">Part II.—<span class="sc">JERUSALEM AND THE PERÆA</span>.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Boyd</b> (A.K.H.). ('A.K.H.B.').</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Occasional And Immemorial Days</span>: Discourses. Crown 8vo., + 7s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Counsel And Comfort From A City Pulpit</span>. Crown 8vo., 3s. + 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Sunday Afternoons In The Parish Church Of A Scottish University + City</span>. Crown 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Changed Aspects Of Unchanged Truths</span>. Crown 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Graver Thoughts Of A Country Parson</span>. Three Series. Crown + 8vo., 3s. 6d. each.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Present Day Thoughts</span>. Crown 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Seaside Musings</span>. Cr. 8vo., s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">'To Meet The Day'</span> through the Christian Year; being a Text + of Scripture, with an Original Meditation and a Short Selection + in Verse for Every Day. Crown 8vo., 4s. 6d.</p> + +<a name="Page_192"></a> +<p class="hang"><b>De La Saussaye</b>.—<span class="sc">A Manual Of The Science Of Religion</span>. By + Prof. <span class="sc">Chantepie De La Saussaye</span>. Translated by Mrs. + <span class="sc">Colyer Fergusson</span> (<i>nee</i> <span class="sc">Max Müller</span>). Crown 8vo., + 12s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Gibson</b>.—<span class="sc">The Abbé De Lamennais And The Liberal Catholic Movement + In France</span>. By the <span class="sc">Hon. W. Gibson</span>. With Portrait. + 8vo., 12s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Kalisch</b> (M.M., Ph.D.)</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Bible Studies</span>. Part I. The Prophecies of Balaam, 8vo., + 10s. 6d. Part II. The Book of Jonah. 8vo., 10s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Commentary On The Old Testament</span>: with a new Translation. + Vol. I. Genesis. 8vo., 18s. Or adapted for the General Reader. + 12s. Vol. II. Exodus. 15s. Or adapted for the General Reader. + 12s. Vol. III. Leviticus, Part I. 15s. Or adapted for the General + Reader. 8s. Vol. IV. Leviticus, Part II. 15s. Or adapted for the + General; Reader, 8s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Macdonald</b> (<span class="sc">George</span>).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Unspoken Sermons</span>. Three Series. Crown 8vo., 3s. 6d. each.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Miracles Of Our Lord</span>. Crown 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Martineau</b> (<span class="sc">James</span>).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Hours Of Thought On Sacred Things</span>: Sermons. 2 Vols. Crown + 8vo. 3s. 6d. each.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Endeavours After The Christian Life</span>. Discourses. Cr. 8vo., + 7s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Seat Of Authority In Religion</span>. 8vo., 14s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Essays, Reviews, And Addresses</span>. 4 Vols. Crown 8vo., 7s. + 6d. each. Personal; Political. II. Ecclesiastical; Historical. + III. Theological; Philosophical. IV. Academical; Religious.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Home Prayers</span>, with Two Services for Public Worship. Crown + 8vo. 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Max Müller</b> (F.).</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Hibbert Lectures On The Origin And Growth Of Religion</span>, as + illustrated by the Religions of India. Crown 8vo., 7s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Introduction To The Science Of Religion</span>: Four Lectures + delivered at the Royal Institution. Cr. 8vo., 3s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Natural Religion</span>. The Gifford Lectures, delivered before + the University of Glasgow in 1888. Cr. 8vo., 10s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Physical Religion</span>. The Gifford Lectures, delivered before + the University of Glasgow in 1890. Cr. 8vo., 10s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Anthropological Religion</span>. The Gifford Lectures, delivered + before the University of Glasgow in 1891. Cr. 8vo., 10s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Theosophy Or Psychological Religion</span>. The Gifford Lectures, + delivered before the University of Glasgow in 1892. Cr. 8vo., + 10s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Three Lectures On The Vedanta Philosophy</span>, delivered at the + Royal Institution in March, 1894. 8vo., 5s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Phillips</b>.—<span class="sc">The Teaching Of The Vedas</span>. What Light does it + Throw on the Origin and Development of Religion? By <span class="sc">Maurice Phillips</span>, + London Mission, Madras. Crown 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang"> <b>Romanos</b>.—<span class="sc">Thoughts On Religion</span>. By + <span class="sc">George J. Romanes</span>, LL.D., F.R.S. Crown 8vo., 4s. 6d.</p> + +<p class="hang"><span class="sc">Supernatural Religion</span>: an Inquiry into the Reality of Divine + Revelation. 3 vols. 8vo., 36s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">Reply (A) To Dr. Lightfoot's Essays</span>. By the Author of + 'Supernatural Religion'. 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang2"><span class="sc">The Gospel According To St. Peter</span>: a Study. By the Author + of 'Supernatural Religion'. 8vo., 6s.</p> + +<p class="hang"><b>Vivekananda</b>.—<span class="sc">Yoga Philosophy</span>: Lectures delivered in New + York, Winter of 1895-6, by the Swami Vivekananda, on Raja Yoga; + or, Conquering the Internal Nature; also Patanjali's Yoga + Aphorisms, with Commentaries. 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You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + + + + +Title: A Woman's Part in a Revolution + +Author: Natalie Harris Hammond + +Release Date: February 19, 2005 [eBook #15109] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-646-US (US-ASCII) + + +***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK A WOMAN'S PART IN A REVOLUTION*** + + +E-text prepared by Michael Ciesielski, Jeannie Howse, and the Project +Gutenberg Online Distributed Proofreading Team (https://www.pgdp.net) + + + +A WOMAN'S PART IN A REVOLUTION + +by + +MRS. JOHN HAYS HAMMOND + +Longmans, Green, and Co. +39 Paternoster Row London +New York and Bombay + +1897 + + + + + + + +PREFACE + + +To the American Public, whose sympathy was my chief support through +days of bitter trial, this book is gratefully dedicated. My personal +experience forms the subject of my story. The causes of the Revolt in +Johannesburg, and the ensuing political questions, are but lightly +touched upon, in deference to the silence enforced upon my husband as +one of the terms of his liberation by the Boer Government. + + NATALIE HAMMOND. + + BOUGHTON: BICKLEY, KENT. + February, 1897. + + + + + + +A WOMAN'S PART IN A REVOLUTION + + I hope I may be able to tell the truth always, and to see + it aright according to the eyes which God Almighty gives + me.--THACKERAY. + +I. + + +Totsey the terrier lay blinking in the hot African sun, while Cecilia +Rhodes, the house kitten, languished in a cigar box wrapped about with +twine to represent bars of iron. Above her meek face was a large label +marked 'African Lion.' Her captor, my young son Jack, was out again +among the flower-beds in quest of other big game, armed with my +riding-crop. The canvas awnings flapped gently in the cool breeze. +Every now and then a fan-like arm of one of the large Madeira chairs +would catch the impetus and go speeding down the wide red-tiled +verandah. I looked up from the little garment which I was making, upon +this quiet picture. It was the last restful moment I was to know for +many long months--such months of suffering and agonised apprehension +as God in His mercy sends to few women. + +David, my husband's black coachman, drove rapidly through the gate, +and, coming up to me, handed me a letter. It was from his master and +briefly written. Jameson had crossed the Border; Johannesburg was +filled with strange people, and he thought it wise for me to move with +our family and servants into town. Rooms had been secured for us at +Heath's Hotel, and he would meet us that night at dinner. This summons +was not entirely unexpected. For many months the political kettle had +been simmering. Johannesburg had grown tired of sending petitions in +to the Government to be answered by promises which were never +redeemed. An appalling death-rate of fifty-six in each thousand, +directly traceable to lack of proper sanitation, resulting from bad +government, spurred the general discontent, and a number of +representative citizens, unwilling longer to wait upon gods and +Government, finding all attempts to obtain redress of their grievances +by constitutional means ineffectual, determined to enforce their +demands for right by arms if necessary. As arms for the Uitlander +under the law of the Transvaal could only be obtained by a permit, +guns and ammunition were smuggled into the country, hidden away in oil +tanks and coal cars. + +My husband had vast interests in his charge; many million pounds +sterling had been invested at his instance in the mining industry of +the country, and, actuated by a sense of duty and responsibility to +those who had confided in him, he felt in honour bound to take an +active part in the movement, for the protection and preservation of +the property placed under his control. + +My leaving for the Cape, in case affairs should assume a dangerous +phase, was frequently discussed between us, but I could not make up my +mind to leave my husband, feeling that the separation would be more +trying than if I remained, even should a conflict be forced upon us. +In addition to my wish to be with him, I knew that many of his staff +had their wives and children in Johannesburg, and would be unable to +send them away, and for me, the wife of their chief, 'to bundle to the +rear' would subject my husband, as well as myself, to harsh, and not +unjust, criticism. + +The Leonard Manifesto was published December 26th, setting forth the +demands of the Uitlander. + +'We want,' it reads: + + '1. The establishment of this Republic as a true Republic. + + '2. A Grondwet or constitution which shall be framed by + competent persons selected by representatives of the whole + people, and framed on lines laid down by them; a + constitution which shall be safeguarded against hasty + alteration. + + '3. An equitable Franchise law and fair representation. + + '4. Equality of the Dutch and English languages. + + '5. Responsibility to the Legislature of the heads of the + great departments. + + '6. Removal of religious disabilities. + + '7. Independence of the Courts of Justice, with adequate and + secured remuneration of the judges. + + '8. Liberal and comprehensive education. + + '9. An efficient Civil Service, with adequate provision for + pay and pension. + + '10. Free Trade in South African products.' + +It was further planned to hold another meeting of the 'National +Union,' and afterward make a last demand upon the Government to +redress our wrongs. + +Arrangement meanwhile was made with Dr. Jameson, who was encamped on +the western border of the Republic with a body of the Chartered +Company's troops. In case of a disturbance he was to come to the aid +of Johannesburg with at least a thousand men and 1,500 guns. It was +also distinctly understood between him and the five gentlemen who were +the recognised leaders of the movement, that he should not start until +he had received instructions to do so directly from them. + +I gathered my household about me, explained the situation, and gave +the servants their choice, whether they would go into town or remain +in the house. The four white servants decided to remain, but the +native boys begged leave to depart under various pretexts. One to get +his missis from Pretoria because he was afraid the Boers might kill +her. Another to tell his mother in Natal that he was all right. +Another frankly said, that as the white men were going to fight among +themselves, this was no place for Kaffirs. + +I arranged to leave Mr. Hammond's secretary in charge of the house. +We hastily packed up a few of our most precious belongings, and left, +to take possession of four tiny rooms at the hotel in town. With a +full heart I looked back at my pretty home. The afternoon shadows were +beginning to lengthen; I saw the broad verandah, the long easy chairs +suggestive of rest; my books on the sill of the low bedroom window; +the quiet flower garden, sweet with old-fashioned posies associated +with peace and thrift. We were going to--WHAT? + + + + +II + + +My diary carries the story on:-- + +DECEMBER 30.--We find the town intensely excited, but there is no +disorder. Men are hurrying about in cabs and on foot with +determined-looking faces, but no other visible evidence of the day's +tragedy. + +My husband ran in to see how we were faring about 8 o'clock this +evening. I had not seen him since early morning. He told me that a +Reform Committee had been formed of the leading men of the city. Also +that the Americans had called a meeting in the course of the afternoon +to hear the results of a Special Deputation, consisting of Messrs. +Hennen Jennings and Perkins, to President Kruger. Mr. Jennings +reported the President as having listened to them attentively while +they conveyed to him what they believed to be the sentiment of the +Americans on the Rand. They assured him that, although the Americans +recognised the rights of the Boers as well as those of the Uitlanders, +unless he could in some way meet the demand of the unenfranchised +people of the Transvaal he could not expect their support when the +revolution came. They also told him that the Americans wanted to see +the Republic preserved, but on a truer basis. And when questioned by +the President if in case of rebellion the Americans would be with or +against the Government, they answered bluntly, 'They would be against +the Government.' + +President Kruger dogmatically declared 'this was no time for +discussion, but a time for the people to obey the law,' and with this +they were dismissed. + +A Committee of three is appointed to visit Pretoria to-morrow and +again lay before the President a statement of the demands of the +Uitlanders, the attitude of the Americans and their wish to preserve +the integrity of the Republic, but also to warn him that, if the +Government insists upon ignoring these just demands, and thus +precipitates war, the Americans must array themselves on the side of +the other Uitlanders. + +A large mass meeting is called to receive these gentlemen on their +return from Pretoria and to decide upon the Americans' future course +of action. + +The mail train to Cape Town was crowded with hundreds of +terror-stricken women and children sent away by anxious husbands to a +place of safety. The ordinary accommodation was far too inadequate to +supply the sudden rush. They were crowded like sheep on cattle trucks. +I fear the journey of a thousand miles will be one of great +discomfort.[1] + +There are many anxious souls in Johannesburg to-night. + +Betty and I are sitting up. The night is sultry, and we have dragged +our chairs out on to the verandah which overhangs the street. + +MIDNIGHT.--The town has quieted down. Once a wild horseman clattered +down the street towards the 'Gold Fields' shouting, 'A despatch, men! +a despatch. We've licked the Dutchmen!' A few heads peered out of +windows--but that was all. + +DECEMBER 31.--My husband came in at 4 o'clock this morning, looking +very tired. He was on the point of going to bed, when a messenger came +from the 'Gold Fields' and hurried him away. + +The streets are alive at a very early hour, and the excitement +increases. The Reform Committee sits in perpetual session in the +offices of the 'Gold Fields.' They are appointing sub-committees for +the safeguard and comfort of the town; 51,000_l._ for the relief of +the poor has already been raised. Messengers are sent out to call in +all the women and children from the mines. Arrangements are being made +for the housing and feeding of these. Nothing is forgotten, and +everything goes on with the utmost method and precision. It is like a +great, splendid piece of machinery. + +The merchants have sent up a deputation to try to bring the President +to reason. He has temporarily removed the dues from food stuffs as a +result of the interview. The Government has prohibited all telegraphic +communication. _We are cut off from the world_. + +The Reform Committee repudiates Dr. Jameson's inroad, but publishes +its intention to adhere to the National Union Manifesto, and +'earnestly desires that the inhabitants should refrain from taking any +action which can be construed as an overt act of hostility against the +Government.' A certain tone of security and dignity pervades all the +notices of the Reform Committee. The town is sure of success. + +In order to silence rumours in regard to the hoisting of the English +flag, Mr. Hammond after some difficulty secured a flag of the +Transvaal, and took it into the committee room this morning. The +entire body of men swore allegiance with uncovered heads and upraised +hands. The flag now floats from the roof of the 'Gold Fields.' The +merchants have closed their shops and battened up the windows with +thick boards and plates of corrugated iron. Boer police are withdrawn +from the town. Excitement at fever heat, but everything running +smoothly. No drunkenness nor rioting. The streets are filled with +earnest-looking men. Near the Court House arms are being distributed. +At another point horses are given over to the newly-enrolled +volunteers. + +4 P.M.--I have driven from one end of the town to the other, through +busy crowded streets, without seeing one disorderly person, or being +regarded a second time by one of the thousands of men filing solemnly +past my carriage. They would form into squads and march gravely to +their posts of duty. A splendid-looking set of men, ranging in age +from 25 to 35. Men from every walk in life, professional men, robust +miners, and pale clerks, some among the faces being very familiar. My +eyes filled when I thought of what the future might be bringing them. +At the hotel dinner Mrs. Dodd, Betty and I were the only women +present. The room was crowded with men who spoke excitedly of a +possible war and exchanged specimen cartridges across the table. I +hear that one thousand Lee-Metford rifles have been given out. The +town is now policed by Uitlanders under Trimble. + +The Americans have held another meeting. Five hundred men were +present, and with only five dissenting votes determined to stand by +the Manifesto. After this meeting, the George Washington Corps of 150 +members was formed. + +Following are the names of the various Brigades:-- + +Australian, Scotch, Africander, Cycle, Colonial, Natal, Irish, +Northumbrian, Cornish, and Bettington's Horse and the Ambulance Corps. +Most of the mines are closing down. Women and children are still +flying from the town. Alas! some men, too, who are heartily jeered by +the crowd at the railroad station.[2] + +St. John's Ambulance Society is advertising for qualified nurses or +ladies willing to assist. + +Natives are in a state of great panic. One of the Kaffir servants in +the hotel gave me a tremendous shock this morning by rushing into my +room to fling himself at my feet, sobbing and imploring me not to +allow the Boers to kill him. + +LATER.--The sultry day has cooled down into a calm, moonlit night. + +This evening the Reform Committee received a deputation from the +Government consisting of Messrs. Marais and Malan; these gentlemen +showed their authority from the Government, and were duly accredited. +They are both progressive Boers and highly respected by the +Uitlanders. They stated that they had come with the olive branch, that +the Government had sent them to the Reform Committee to invite a +delegation of that Committee to meet in Pretoria a Commission of +Government officials, with the object of arranging an amicable +settlement of the political questions. They emphatically asserted that +the Government would meet the Reform Committee half-way--that the +Government was anxious to prevent bloodshed, &c. That they could +promise that the Government would redress the Uitlander grievances +upon the lines laid down in the Manifesto, but that of course all the +demands would not be conceded at once, and both sides must be willing +to compromise. The Reform Committee met to consider this proposal, +and after long discussion decided to send a deputation to Pretoria. +These gentlemen leave with Messrs. Malan and Marais on a special train +to-night for Pretoria. + +Johannesburg is quiet as ever was country town. The streets deserted. +Nothing to suggest a city girt around by a cordon of soldiers, and yet +such it is. + +At midnight my husband ran in for a moment to see how we had stood the +strain of the day. + +'Is the news from Jameson really true?' I asked, still hoping it was +rumour. + +'I am afraid so.' + +'And are those heavy wagons just going down the street carrying the +big guns to the outskirts?' + +'Yes. Good-night, dear.' He was gone. + + +FOOTNOTES: + +[Footnote 1: The sufferings of this hapless crowd were acute. +Provisions were hard to obtain at the way stations. The water supply +gave out. A little child died of exposure, and the heart-broken mother +held the lifeless body twenty-four hours on her lap. There was no room +to lay it to one side. Another woman gave birth to an infant.] + +[Footnote 2: The Cornish miners were politely presented at Kimberley +and other places en route with bunches of white feathers by the +howling mob. One Cornishman afterwards related that he was pulled out +at every station and made to fight. After the fourth mauling he turned +round and went back to Johannesburg, preferring to take his chances +with the Boers.] + + + + +III + + +January 1, 1896.--With the dawn of day I am out of bed and at the +window waiting for the cry of the newsboy. + +What will the New Year bring us? + +With nervous dread I opened the paper brought to my door. In large +headlines it told of disaster. + +The Natal train filled with refugee women and children has been +wrecked, with great loss of life. The papers say forty have been +killed outright, and many fearfully injured. Entire families have been +wiped out in some cases. Mr. ---- has lost his wife, his sister, and +three little children. This is the result of a Boer concession. The +accident was caused by the Netherlands carriages being poorly built +and top-heavy. In rounding a curve they were swung off the +track--collapsed at once like card-houses, crushing and mangling the +helpless and crowded occupants. + +The deputation to Pretoria did not leave last night, as was expected. +They go this morning instead. + +My husband is greatly disturbed at the delay. He says time is all +important, and the Reform Committee's hands should not be tied while +the Boers gain time. + +Reports of Jameson's meeting the enemy have been amplified. Now it is +said that fifty of his men have been killed and three hundred Boers. +Sir John Willoughby is believed to be shot. + +I drove out to my home to reassure my women, Mr. Sharwood having +brought in word that the coachman Adams had almost caused a panic by +his garish tipsy account of 'what was going on in town,' and 'the many +risks he ran when taking the mistress out.' + +Parker was overjoyed to see me, and so was Totsey. I found all +staunch, and ready, not only to protect themselves, but to fight +anything, particularly the valiant Adams. + +On my way back to town I heard firing beyond the ridge east of us. +Some men at practice probably, but it gave me a wrench and detracted +from Adams's dignified bearing. More organising and drilling of +troops. I hear there is much suffering among them. The book-keeper, +clerks, and indoor men find the unaccustomed exposure and fatigue +trying in the extreme. But they are a plucky lot, and stand for hours +on guard in the scorching sun, and walk miles with their poor +blistered feet with pathetic cheerfulness; swooning in many cases at +their posts rather than give in; to a man, eager to fight. + +Betty and I began our daily visits to the women and children at the +Wanderers' and Tattersall's to-day. At the Wanderers' alone are nearly +three hundred. The wonderful provision made for their health and +comfort spoke well for the intelligence as well as heart of the +Reform Committee, and Mr. Lingham, an American, who has that especial +department in charge. We found the dancing-hall of the Wanderers' +converted into a huge dormitory, the supper-room into a sick ward, and +the skating-rink reserved for women newly confined--fright and +excitement having brought on many premature births. There is a matron +in charge of the sick, and a medical inspector, who comes twice a day +to visit the different wards. I overheard him soundly berate a mother +who kept her children too much indoors. The food was good, and there +was plenty of it. Fresh cow's milk was supplied to the children. I +noticed a large vessel of galvanised iron marked 'Boiled water for +drinking purposes.' The little children were romping and tumbling +about with great energy. The women were wonderfully patient, I +thought, and firm in their adherence to the cause. This in some cases +was but vaguely understood, but there was a general belief that there +was 'goin' to be some fighten,' which was sure to make us all better +off. I heard but one complaint, and that from a hulking slouch of a +man who had sneaked in from duty to take a nap on the foot of his sick +wife's pallet. He complained of the food, showing me the remains of +dainties given out to the sick woman, and _which he had helped her to +eat_. The woman looked up at me with haggard eyes: 'It ain't the +vittles, but the pain that's worrying me, ma'am.' + +A touching sight were the yelping dogs of every breed, family pets +tethered to the fence outside. All canteens are closed by order of the +Reform Committee as a precautionary measure, and where there was doubt +of these precautions being observed, the liquors were bought and +thrown away. + +Hundreds of varying rumours are afloat, which rush and swirl along +until lost in distorting eddies. + +This afternoon a horseman went through the town distributing a +Proclamation from the High Commissioner, Sir Hercules Robinson:-- + + + PROCLAMATION BY + + _His Excellency the Right Hon. Sir Hercules George Robinson, + Bart., Member of Her Majesty's Most Hon. Privy Council, + K.C.B., of the Most Distinguished Order of St. Michael and + St. George, Governor, Commander-in-Chief of Her Majesty's + Colony of the Cape of Good Hope in South Africa, and of the + Territories, Dependencies thereof, Governor of the Territory + of British Bechuanaland, and Her Majesty's Commissioner, + &c., &c_. + + 'Whereas it has come to my knowledge that certain British + subjects, said to be under the leadership of Dr. Jameson, + have violated the territory of the South African Republic, + and have cut telegraph wires, and done various other illegal + acts; and + + 'Whereas the South African Republic is a friendly State in + amity with Her Majesty's Government; and whereas it is my + desire to respect the independence of the said State: + + 'Now therefore I hereby command the said Dr. Jameson and all + persons accompanying him, to immediately retire from the + territory of the South African Republic, on pain of the + penalties attached to their illegal proceedings; and I do + further hereby call upon all British subjects in the South + African Republic to abstain from giving the said Dr. Jameson + any countenance or assistance in his armed violation of the + territory of a friendly State. + + 'GOD SAVE THE QUEEN. + + 'Given under my hand and seal this 31st day of December, + 1895. + + 'HERCULES ROBINSON, + 'High Commissioner. + + 'By command of His Excellency the High Commissioner.' + + +Johannesburg is dumfounded! + +The sixth edition of the 'Star' this evening says that Jameson is only +fifteen miles away, and that he has had a second encounter with the +Boers. The populace has recovered from the Proclamation, and their +wild enthusiasm can scarcely be restrained. They want to go out to +meet Jameson and bring him in with triumphal outcry. It is hard to be +only a 'she-thing' and stay in the house with a couple of limber-kneed +men, when such stirring happenings are abroad. + +11 P.M.--Mr. Lionel Phillips has just addressed the crowd collected +around the 'Gold Fields' waiting for news. He told them that the +Reform Committee Delegation--of which he was one--had been received +with courtesy by the Government Commission, the Chief Justice of the +Republic acting as chairman. + +They were assured that their proposals should be earnestly considered. +Mr. Phillips then explained what was wanted, and reiterated the Reform +Committee's determination to stand by the Manifesto. He also told the +Commission that the leaders of the Reform Committee had arranged with +Jameson to come to their assistance when necessary, but that +unfortunately he had come before required, probably through some +misunderstanding or false report. While the Reform Committee regretted +Jameson's precipitate action, they would stand by him. And as they had +no means of stopping him they offered to prove their good faith by +giving their own persons as hostages that Jameson should leave +Johannesburg peacefully if he were allowed to come in unmolested. This +offer was rejected by the Commission, but a list of the names of the +Reform Committee was asked for.[3] + +As a result of this interview the Government decided to accept the +offer made by Her Majesty's High Commissioner to come to Pretoria to +settle differences and avoid bloodshed. An armistice was then agreed +upon pending the High Commissioner's arrival. Mr. Phillips was often +interrupted by the crowd, some with cheers and others hooting. One +voice called out, 'And how about Jameson?' Mr. Phillips answered, 'I +am instructed by the Reform Committee to state to you, as I did to the +Government, that we intend to stand by Jameson. Gentlemen, I now call +upon you to give three cheers for Dr. Jameson.' There was prolonged +and enthusiastic cheering. + +The Reform Committee has sent out J.J. Lace to escort a messenger from +the British Agent, who carries the Proclamation, and also to explain +the situation to Dr. Jameson. + +It is said that Lieutenant Eloff was captured by Jameson some miles +beyond Krugersdorp. Eloff declaring he had official orders to obstruct +his advance, Jameson expressed his determination to go on, but added +that he had no hostile intentions against the Government. + +JANUARY 2.--Betty and I sat up all night. The excitement is too +intense to admit of hunger or fatigue. We know nothing beyond the +rumours of the street. Jameson is said to be at Langlaagte, fighting +his way into town, the Boers in hot pursuit. + +Mademoiselle has asked leave to go to the Convent to make her will. + +In the streets, private carriages, army wagons, Cape carts and +ambulances graze wheels. Every hour or two a fresh edition of the +'Star' is published; public excitement climbing these bulletins, like +steps on a stair. We sit a half-dozen women in the parlour at Heath's +Hotel. Two sisters weep silently in a corner. Their father is manager +of the 'George and May'; a battle has been fought there a couple of +hours ago. No later news has come to them. A physician, with a huge +red-cross badge around his arm, puts his head in at the door, and +tells his wife that he is going out with an ambulance to bring in the +wounded. At this we are whiter than before, if it were possible. + +Poor Mademoiselle returned an hour ago and was obliged to go to bed, +done up with the nervous tension. + +Jacky is loose on the community; in spite of energetic endeavours +(accompanied by the laying-on of hands in my case) his Aunt Betty and +I cannot restrain his activity. He is intimate with the frequenters of +the hotel bar, and on speaking terms with half the town. The day seems +endless. + +Things have gone so far, men want the issue settled, and perhaps the +irresponsible are eager for a little blood-letting; there are certain +primitive instincts which are latent in us all, and the thought of war +is stimulating. + +Mr. Lace returned this afternoon and reported that he had ridden +through the lines to Jameson. He had had very little speech with the +doctor, as the time was short, and the messenger bearing the +proclamation of the High Commissioner was also present. Jameson asked +where the troops were. Lace told him that he could not rely on any +assistance from the Uitlanders, as they were unprepared, and an +armistice had been declared between the Boer Government and the people +of Johannesburg. + +LATER.--News is brought of a battle fought at Doornkop this forenoon, +and _Jameson has surrendered_. Johannesburg has gone mad. + +MIDNIGHT.--My husband has just come in, his face as white and drawn as +a death mask. + +We talked earnestly, and then I insisted upon his going to bed, and +for the first time in three days he drew off his clothes and lay down +to rest. The exhausted man now sleeps heavily; I sit beside him +writing by the spluttering candle. Now, while it is fresh in my mind, +I am trying to put down all that I have just heard from my husband. + +He told me the Reform Committee were greatly surprised when they +received the report of Mr. Lace, as Jameson had no right to expect +aid and succour from Johannesburg for the following reasons:-- + +_First_.--In answer to a telegram from Jameson, expressing +restlessness at the delay, my husband wired him on December 27 a +vigorous protest against his coming. + +_Second_.--Strong and emphatic messages were taken by Major Heaney, +one of Jameson's own officers, to the same effect, also by Mr. Holden. +Major Heaney went by special train from Kimberley, and Mr. Holden on +horseback across country. + +These messages informed Dr. Jameson that the time had not arrived for +his coming; that the people of Johannesburg were without arms, and +that his coming would defeat the aim and purposes of the whole +movement; and, further, that he could not expect any aid or +co-operation from the people of Johannesburg. + +Notwithstanding all this, Jameson left Pitsani Sunday night, and the +first intimation which Johannesburg had of his advance was through +telegrams received Monday afternoon. + +The Reform Committee, thus informed of Jameson's coming, and knowing +that he was fully aware of their unarmed condition, believed that he +relied only on his own forces to reach Johannesburg; and the Committee +were assured by Major Heaney and Captain White (two of Jameson's +officers, the latter having two brothers with the invading force) that +no Boer force could stop him in his march; and this was confirmed by +one of Jameson's troopers, who came from him this morning of the +surrender, and reported that he was getting along well; that, although +his horses were tired, he would reach Johannesburg within a few hours, +and that he needed no assistance. + +The hope of the Committee was that, after receiving the proclamation +of the High Commissioner, Jameson would retrace his steps instead of +pushing on. + +Monday, when we first heard of his starting, there were only 1,000 +guns, and very little ammunition in the country, and these were +hidden away at the different mines. One thousand five hundred more +guns arrived next day. So desperate was the extremity, these guns were +smuggled in at great risk of being discovered by the Boer Custom House +officials, under a thin covering of coke on ordinary coal cars. But +for the bold courage of several men, who rushed the coke through, they +would have fallen into the hands of the Boers. The leaders had taken +as few men as was possible into their confidence, so as to reduce to a +minimum all liability of their plans being discovered by the +Government. They had made almost no organisation, and Jameson's sudden +oncoming placed them in a terrible position. To confess at this +juncture that the Reform Committee was short of guns would have +demoralised the people, and placed Johannesburg entirely at the mercy +of the Boers. These leaders played a losing game with splendid +courage. Realising that all would be lost if the true situation were +suspected, and feeling the fearful responsibility of their position, +they kept their counsel, and turned bold faces to the world, +continuing to treat with Government with the independence of +well-armed men, and men ready to fight. + +When the news of Jameson's surrender was confirmed this evening, the +surging crowd around the 'Gold Fields' became an excited and dangerous +mob. Pressing thickly together, in their frenzy, they began to mutter +threats against the Reform Committee, and demanded, 'Where is Jameson? +We thought you promised to stand by Jameson! Why didn't you give us +guns and let us go out to help Jameson?' + +Plans were made to blow up the 'Gold Fields' where the Reformers sat +in session. Several gentlemen of the Committee essayed to speak from +the windows, but were received with howls and curses from the stormy +tumult below. At last Mr. Samuel Jameson, brother to Dr. Jameson, made +himself heard:-- + +'I beg you, for my brother's sake, to maintain a spirit of calm +restraint. We have done everything in our power for him, and used our +very best judgment. In face of the complicated circumstances, no other +course could have been taken.' + +It was as oil on the troubled waters. + + JANUARY 3.-- + + FROM THE REFORM COMMITTEE. + +The Reform Committee issued the following notice at noon:-- + + '_Resolved_: That in view of the declaration by the + Transvaal Government to Her Majesty's Agent that the + mediation of the High Commissioner has been accepted, and + that no hostile action will be taken against Johannesburg + pending the results of these negotiations, the Committee + emphatically direct that under no circumstances must any + hostile action be taken by the supporters of the Reform + Committee, and that in the event of aggressive action being + taken against them, a flag of truce be shown, and the + position explained. + + 'In order to avoid any possibility of collision, definite + orders have been given. The matter is now left with the + mediation of the High Commissioner, and any breach of the + peace in the meanwhile would be an act of bad faith. + + 'By order of the Committee.' + + +Deep and universal depression follows upon the great excitement. +Jameson and his men are prisoners of war in Pretoria. Armed Boer +troops encircle the town. + +One man said to me to-day: 'If we do get the franchise after losing +only thirty men, how much we will have gained and at how cheap a +price.' + +It was a man's view; birth and death could never mean so little to a +woman! + +JANUARY 4.--The High Commissioner has arrived at Pretoria. + +They say poor Dr. Jameson is greatly dejected, and never speaks to a +soul. + +JANUARY 5.--This beautiful Sunday, quiet and serene, dawns upon us +free of the sounds of the past week. No cries of newspaper boys nor +hurry of wheels. A couple of bands of recruits drilled for a while +sedately on Government Square, and then marched away. It is wonderful +to an American woman, who still retains a vivid recollection of +Presidential Elections, to see two warring factions at the most +critical point of dispute mutually agree to put down arms and wait +over the Sabbath, and more wonderful yet seems the self-restraint of +going without the daily paper. The George Washington Corps attended a +special service. The hymns were warlike and the sermon strong and +anything but pacific. + +JANUARY 6.--The Government issues an ultimatum: Johannesburg must lay +down its arms. + +The letter of invitation signed by Messrs. Charles Leonard, Francis +Rhodes, Lionel Phillips, John Hays Hammond and George Farrar, inviting +Dr. Jameson to come to the succour of Johannesburg under certain +contingencies, was printed in this morning's paper. It was picked up +on the battlefield, in a leathern pouch, supposed to be Dr. Jameson's +saddle-bag. _Why in the name of all that is discreet and honourable +didn't he eat it!_ + +Two messengers from the High Commissioner, Sir Jacobus de Wet, the +British Agent, and Sir Sydney Shippard, were received by the Reform +Committee this morning. De Wet told them that Johannesburg must lay +down its arms to save Jameson and his officers' lives; that unless +they complied with this appeal, which he made on behalf of the High +Commissioner, who was in Pretoria ready to open negotiations, +Johannesburg would be responsible for the sacrifice of Jameson and his +fellow prisoners. It would be impossible for the Government to conduct +negotiations with the High Commissioner for redress of grievances +until arms were laid down. He urged them to comply with this appeal to +prevent bloodshed, and promised that they could depend upon the +protection of the High Commissioner, and that not 'a hair of their +heads would be touched.' After much discussion, the Committee agreed +to lay down their arms. + +Betty and Mrs. Clement were busy all the morning giving out books and +flowers which had been generously sent by various ladies and +commercial firms for distribution among the women and children at the +Wanderers' and Tattersall's. Betty says the women were most grateful. +They are busy, hard-working women, and the enforced leisure is very +trying to them. She spoke with the manager of Tattersall's; he thanked +her for her gifts, remarking, with some weariness in his tone: 'You +don't know, Miss, how hard it is to keep the women amused and +contented--and several of them have been confined!' as if that, too, +were a proof of insubordination. + +My husband tells me that the Committee is to hold a meeting at +midnight, and another at six to-morrow morning. He says that Lionel +Phillips nearly fainted from exhaustion to-day. Mr. Phillips is +consistent and brave, and George Farrar, too, is proving himself a +hero. Dear old Colonel, with the kind thoughtfulness so characteristic +of him, never fails to ask how we are bearing the trial. + +JANUARY 7.--Sir Jacobus de Wet and Sir Sydney Shippard addressed the +populace from the Band Club balcony, exhorting them to accept the +ultimatum. + +LATER.--I have had such a reassuring conversation with Sir Sydney +Shippard this evening. He is a most intelligent man, and speaks with +such fluent decisiveness that all he says carries conviction. I am +told that Sir Jacobus's speech was a rambling, poor affair and weak; +the crowd showed a restlessness that at one time threatened to become +dangerous. He was fortunately pulled down by his coat-tails before the +crowd lost self-control. + +Sir Sydney's speech, on the contrary, was strong and full of feeling. +He told the people that he sympathised deeply with them in their +struggle for what he believed to be their just rights, but that being +an English Government official he could take no part. He reminded them +that Jameson was lying in prison, his life and the lives of his +followers in great jeopardy. The Government had made one condition for +his safety: the giving up of their arms. 'Deliver them up to your High +Commissioner, and not only Jameson and his men will be safe, but also +the welfare of those concerned in this movement--I mean the leaders.' +He continued: 'I, whose heart and soul are with you, say again that +you should follow the advice of the High Commissioner, and I beg you +to go home and to your ordinary avocations; deliver up your arms to +your High Commissioner, and if you do that you will have no occasion +to repent it.' + +JANUARY 8.--Arms are being delivered up. About 1,800 guns already +handed in. The Government assert that we are not keeping our agreement +and are holding back the bulk of the guns. My husband tells me that +these are being given up as fast as possible, but that there are not +over 2,700 among the entire Uitlander population. The Reform Committee +has assured the High Commissioner that they are keeping good faith, +but that they never had more than about 2,700. The disarmament is +universally considered the first step to an amicable settlement. The +Reform Committee has sent out orders and the guns are coming quietly +in. Everybody feels a certain relief now that the strain is eased; the +members of the Committee are dropping down into all sorts of odd +places to make up for the lost sleep of the past week. Dozens are +stretched on the floor of the club rooms. Some steady-going gentlemen +of abstemious habit are unprejudiced enough to allow themselves to be +found under the tables wrapped in slumber as profound as that of +infancy. + +In contrast to my feelings of yesterday I am almost joyous. But for +poor impetuous Jameson and the newly dead and wounded of Doornkop, I +could laugh again. + +The women are going back to the mines. Many brave little men who have +remained in the shade to comfort their wives now step boldly to the +front and tell us what they would have done if it had really come to a +question of fighting. There is so much talk of _moral courage_ from +these heroes, I fear it is the only kind of courage which they +possess. One gentleman, not conspicuous for his bravery during the +preceding days, gravely said to me: 'If there had been war, I wonder +if I should have had the moral courage to keep out of the fight?' I +looked into his face, and, seeing there his character, answered with +dryness, 'Oh! I suspect you would.' He was too complaisant to +appreciate the sarcasm. God made little as well as great things! I +suppose we should love all humanity, even if it be in the spirit of a +collector of curios. + +The protracted excitement has caused several deaths from heart +failure, and I heard of two cases of acute mania. There would +doubtless have been a far greater mortality but for the fact that +Johannesburg is populated by young and, for the most part, vigorous +men and women. + +I hear that Dr. Jameson answered, when asked after his first night in +the Pretoria jail if there was anything he would like to have, +'Nothing, thank you, but flea powder.' + +I sat on the verandah with Sir Sydney Shippard and Betty this evening +and watched the 'Zarps'[4] take control of the town. There was no +remonstrance on the part of the populace. + +LATER.--It is rumoured that a Commando of Boers will attack the town +to-night. The place is practically defenceless; most of the men having +returned to their work and the companies being disbanded.[5] + +JANUARY 9.--There is a fearful impression abroad this morning that the +Reform Committee, or at least the leaders, will be arrested. My +husband comforts me by saying the Government could not pursue such a +course after having recognised the Reform Committee and offered not +only to consider, but reform the grievances which have brought all +this trouble about. He declares that Great Britain would not allow +this after commanding her subjects to disarm and promising them her +protection, and to see that their wrongs were righted. + +'It would be the worst sort of faith,' he insists. + +NOON.--The situation is very strained. I can see that my husband is +trying to prepare me for his possible arrest. 'It will merely be a +matter of form.' Ah me! I can read in his grave face another truth. +May God in His mercy grant us a happy issue out of all our +afflictions. + +At a quarter to ten on the night of January 9, my husband, with two +dozen others of the Reform Committee, was arrested and thrown into +jail on the charge of rebellion and high treason. They had heard that +this was probable several hours earlier in the day. + +The four leaders were secretly offered a safe conduct over the border, +but refused to forsake their comrades and the Cause. Leaving word +where he was to be found, and with the further stipulation that no +handcuffs were to be used in his arrest, or 'he would blow the brains +out of the first man who approached him,' my husband hastened to +break the news gently to us. I packed a tiny handbag with necessaries +and filled his pockets with cakes of chocolate; chocolate was +nourishing, and would sustain a hungry man hours, even days. We sat +down hand in hand to wait for the officer, Betty in delicacy having +left us alone together. + +The Australians were giving a banquet below stairs, and as we clung to +each other we could hear their shouts of boisterous mirth and +hand-clapping. We started up at a tap on the door. A friend to tell us +the officer was waiting at the street entrance. I helped my husband +into his coat and we kissed each other good-bye. He was filled with +solicitude for me. My thoughts were of the two thousand excited Boers +laagered between Johannesburg and Pretoria, but recollection of my +unborn child steadied me and gave me self-command. + +Kind Mrs. Heath came to me, and, putting her arms about my shoulders, +led me gently back into the bedroom, 'Mrs. Heath, will you please +tell my sister-in-law that I am alone?' and Betty knew what had +happened and came to me at once. Some time later Mr. John Stroyan +brought a note from my husband:-- + + Johannesburg Jail--2 A.M. + + 'We are well--a couple of dozen--waiting for the train to + Pretoria. Don't worry. + + 'Yours, J.H.H.' + +Then nature came to my relief. My overtaxed nerves refused to bear any +more--they were paralysed. I threw myself across the foot of my little +boy's bed, and lay like a dead woman until the morning broke.... + +Many days afterward I heard further details of the arrest. Some of the +incidences were amusing, as was the polite borrowing and making use of +Mr. King's carriage--he being one of the Reformers--for conveyance of +the prisoners to the gaol. At the Rand Club there was so large a +collection of Reformers, that the carriages, even over-crowded, could +not carry them all. Lieuts. de Korte and Pietersen, the officers in +charge, said in the most friendly manner, 'Very well, gentlemen, some +of you must wait until we can come back for you.' And they _did_ wait. +Colonel Rhodes was taken from his own home; roused from his bed, he +stood brushing his hair with martial precision, and expressing to the +officer his regret at putting him to the trouble of waiting while he +dressed, Mr. Seymour Fort meanwhile packing his valise. 'Fort, old +man, put in some books,' said the Colonel, who is a great reader; 'all +the books you can find;' and Mr. Fort threw in book after book--big +ones and little ones; and for this lavish provision the poor Colonel +paid dearly some hours later, in company with several husbands, whose +wives in excess of tenderness had provided them with every known +toilette luxury filled into silver-topped cut crystal bottles. The +sight of these afflicted men carrying their heavy burdens from the +station to the prison at Pretoria was both amusing and dramatic. At +times their speech reached the epic. + +The sad side was poor Sam Jameson, crippled and broken with +rheumatism--a seriously ill man--accompanied to the very prison gates +by his ever-faithful wife; and the second lot of Reformers, sent to +Pretoria the following morning, met with an experience which some of +them have never since been able to speak of without turning white. By +the hour of their arrival the whole country round about Pretoria knew +of their coming, and a large and violent mob was gathered at the +railroad station to receive them. Through some misadventure, an +inadequate guard was detailed to march them to the gaol. The prisoners +were set upon by the mob, reviled, stoned, and spat upon, the officers +in charge trampling them under their horses' hoofs, in their vain and +excited endeavours to protect them. The poor prisoners reached the +jail in a full run, bruised and breathless, but thankful for the +asylum the prison door afforded them from their merciless pursuers. +They were quickly locked into cells. For many hours they had not +tasted food. The first Reformers imprisoned slipped in to them a part +of their own provisions, but as it was quickly and stealthily done one +cell would receive the pannikin of meat, another the tin of potatoes, +&c. The cells were in a filthy condition. As has been truly said, a +Boer prison is not built for gentlemen. It was an unavoidable +misfortune that this prison, which had up to this time housed only +refractory Kaffirs, should by force of circumstance become the +domicile for six long dreary months, and through a hot tropical +summer, of gentlemen nurtured in every decency. Captain Mein told me +that he stood the greater part of that first night rather than sit +upon the filthy floor, but exhaustion at length conquered his +repugnance. These were times which proved men's natures. It distilled +the very essence of a man, and if anywhere in his make-up was the salt +of selfishness, it was pretty sure to appear. Many who before had +appreciated Charlie Butter's open hospitality, realised now that it +was more than kindliness which prompted him to give up his last +swallow of whisky to a man who was older or weaker than himself. And +they tell me that my own good man's cheery spirits helped along many a +fellow of more biliary temperament. + +The four leaders were put into a cell 11 feet by 11 feet, which was +closed in by an inner court. There was no window, only a narrow grille +over the door. The floor was of earth and overrun by vermin. Of the +four canvas cots two were blood-stained, and all hideously dirty. They +were locked in at 6 o'clock--one of them ill with dysentery--and there +they remained sweltering and gasping through the tropical night until +six of the morning. For two weeks they remained in this cell. +Meanwhile, I knew nothing of my husband's plight, being mercifully +deceived by both him and our friends, every day Mr. Heath bringing to +Parktown telegrams from my husband assuring me of his good treatment +by the Government, and imploring me not to worry. + +The Reform Committee consisted of seventy-eight members; sixty-four +were arrested. One of this number subsequently committed suicide in a +temporary fit of insanity caused by protracted anxiety and prison +hardship. + +The Committee was composed of men of many nationalities and various +professions--lawyers, doctors, and, with only one or two exceptions, +all the leading mining men on the Rand. The Young Men's Christian +Association was well represented, and a Sunday-school Superintendent +was one of the list. + +I returned to my home, and was in the doctor's care, and attended by a +professional nurse. + +By my Journal I see how good was Mr. Seymour Fort and how faithful Mr. +Manion, the American Consular Agent, during this time of trial. From +the flat of my back I listened to and took into consideration many +plans suggested for the liberation of my husband. One lady proposed +getting up a petition, which she would take to England to the Queen. +It was to be headed with my name, as wife of one of the leaders: Mrs. +Lionel Phillips being in Europe, and Mrs. George Farrar at the Cape; +Colonel Rhodes a bachelor. I had small hopes of the success of things +which had to be sent to Court, or placed before Courts. The subject +was dismissed. + +Then there was another plan thought out by a very shrewd man, and +brought to my bedside, 'news which concerns your husband' being a +passport to any one. I was to go at once to Cape Town, see Mr. Cecil +Rhodes, and demand one hundred thousand dollars from him. + +'What for?' I asked. + +'You see,' said the gentleman, 'your husband and those other men are +going to be tried _sure_, and we need money to lobby Pretoria.' + +I was stupid--it was my first Revolution--and I hadn't the least idea +what lobbying Pretoria meant. My friend gave me a sketchy view of its +meaning, and assured me it was usually done in grave cases. + +'But it will kill me to leave my bed and start for Cape Town +to-morrow,' I exclaimed. + +My adviser delicately hinted that my husband's life was of more value +than my own. On this point we agreed. I was to make Mr. Rhodes +understand that we didn't want any more 'tom-fool military men up here +to ball up the game.' + +He was to give the money to me unconditionally, to be disbursed as my +friend saw fit. We rehearsed the part several times; I was hopelessly +dull! + +'And now,' he questioned, 'if Rhodes refuses to give you the money, +what will you do?' + +I thought of Jael and Charlotte Corday, and all the other women who +had to do with history, and said, 'I suppose I'll have to shoot him.' + +My preceptor looked discouraged. We went over the part once again. + +It is but fair to say that he had made every provision for my comfort. +Attendants were ready, and at the right moment I have no doubt but +that a neat pine coffin could have been produced. Reflection, however, +showed me the inadvisability of this project; but I was happily spared +the embarrassment of drawing back from promised compliance. + +There was a higher power ruling. The next morning's papers announced +the sailing of C.J. Rhodes for England. + +The morning of January 10th, Johannesburg disarmed, and the Reformers +in prison, the President of the Transvaal Republic issued a +proclamation offering pardon to all who should lay down their arms, +and declaring them to be exempt from prosecution on account of what +had occurred at Johannesburg--'_with the exception of all persons or +bodies who may appear to be principal criminals, leaders, instigators, +or perpetrators of the troubles at Johannesburg and suburbs_. Such +persons or bodies will justify themselves before the legal and +competent Courts of this Republic' + +The principal criminals, leaders, instigators, or perpetrators were +the same to whom was tendered the olive-branch brought from Pretoria +by Messrs. Malan and Marais, acting envoys by the unanimous vote of +the Executive; and three of these same principal criminals, leaders, +instigators, or perpetrators were received seven days since, as +representatives of the Reform Committee, in a conciliatory spirit by +the Government's Special Commission, and told that their demands would +be earnestly considered. During the intervening seven days Dr. Jameson +had been conquered at Doornkop and made a prisoner of the State. The +Reform Committee, in obedience to Sir Jacobus de Wet's long and prolix +solicitation, and the strong appeal of Sir Sydney Shippard, assuring +them that Jameson's life was in imminent danger, and the Government +had made Johannesburg's disarmament the one condition of his safety, +laid down their arms to preserve the life of a man already protected +by the terms of his own surrender. 'Placing themselves,' cables the +High Commissioner to Mr. Chamberlain, 'and their interests +unreservedly in my hands, in the fullest confidence that I will see +justice done them.' The sixty-four Reformers were then promptly driven +into jail, and their property placed under an interdict. + +Six months later, the four principal leaders were tried and sentenced +to be hanged by their necks until they were dead, by a judge _brought +from a neighbouring Republic, the Orange Free State_, for that +purpose. + + +FOOTNOTES: + +[Footnote 3: This list was used as a roll-call a week later in the +arrest of the Sixty-four members.] + +[Footnote 4: Abbreviated term for South African police.] + +[Footnote 5: The following cablegram will show that there were very +substantial grounds for the rumour:-- + +'Sir Hercules Robinson (Pretoria) to Mr. Chamberlain.--8th +January--No. 3. Since my telegram No. 1 of this morning matters have +not been going so smoothly. When the Executive Council met I received +a message that only 1,814 rifles and three Maxim guns had been +surrendered, which the Government of the South African Republic did +not consider a fulfilment of the ultimatum, and orders would be +immediately issued to a Commando to attack Johannesburg. I at once +replied that the ultimatum required the surrender of guns and +ammunition for which no permit of importation had been obtained, and +that onus rested with the Transvaal Government to show that guns and +ammunition were concealed for which no permit had been issued. If +before this was done any hostile step were taken against Johannesburg +I should consider it a violation of the undertaking for which I had +made myself personally responsible to the people of Johannesburg, and +I should leave the issue in the hands of Her Majesty's Government ...'] + + + + +IV + + +SUNDAY, JANUARY 12.--Mr. and Mrs. Perkins called this morning to +advise Betty's not going immediately to Pretoria, as was her +intention. Mr. Perkins said that the Boer feeling was very bitter, and +foreign women were insulted in the streets. Advocate Wessels has also +written to me, insisting upon my waiting two or three days, as my +presence in Pretoria could do no good, and might prejudice my +husband's cause. A little trunk was packed and sent to my husband last +night. I got out of bed to superintend, and felt tragically tender as +I watched the things laid in. A fresh suit of clothes, some personal +and bed linen, towels, shoes, family photographs, flea powder, +ginger-snaps, beef essence, soap, my little down pillow, and his +beloved and well-read Shakespeare. I was able to sit up for an hour +this afternoon to receive Sir Sydney Shippard, Mr. Seymour Fort, and +Mr. Manion. + +Yesterday the Governor of Natal, Sir Walter Hely Hutchinson, started +for Pretoria to confer with the High Commissioner in regard to the +transport of Dr. Jameson and his men through Natal. They are to be +handed over to the English Government. + +Search parties of mounted Boers are going about looking for hidden +guns. The Robinson Mine seems to be the spot most suspected. + +Yesterday's 'Volksstem'--a Government organ--recalled to the minds of +the Boers the Slachter Nek affair of eighty years ago--a story of +Boers hung by Englishmen for their insistence in punishing a negro +slave according to established custom. What a cruel sinister +suggestion underlies this![6] + +Keen resentment is felt here against the young German Emperor and his +indiscreet message to Kruger. I never dreamed years ago, when I used +to see him, a tall, slender-legged boy in Berlin, that in maturity I +should have so strong a desire to chastise him. England has +commissioned a Flying Squadron, and the forces at Cape Town are to be +strongly augmented. + +JANUARY 13.--Mr. Manion showed me to-day a cable from the United +States Secretary of State, Mr. Olney. 'Take instant measures to +protect John Hays Hammond, and see that he has fair play.' It brought +such a feeling of confidence and comfort! All he wants _is_ fair play, +and I pray to God that he may be protected until he gets it. + +Many business meetings had to be postponed to-day on account of the +large number of influential men in jail. I hear from Mr. ---- that on +Thursday and Friday it was most difficult to keep the Boers from +storming the town. President Kruger dissuaded them by promising each a +new suit of clothes. These they have since been seen carrying, tied +to the cantle of their saddles. + +Feeling is strong and bitter against the leaders; they are held +responsible for all the trouble brought about by the Jameson invasion. + +Commandant Cronje's Burgher force paraded the street this +morning--they are the men who captured Jameson. Jameson is the god of +the hour, and Johannesburg resented the intrusion; but for the sake of +their hero, still in the power of the Government, there was no +indication of intolerance beyond a few audible sarcasms; remarks which +were answered in kind by the Burghers. + +Betty says they were an interesting-looking body of men; +strong-framed, heavy-featured, with long unkempt hair and beards. They +rode shaggy, moth-eaten-looking little ponies, each man with a bundle +of hay bound to his saddle and a sausage in his wallet. Fathers among +them as hale as the brawny sons by their sides. They looked capable +of any amount of fatigue. + +Numbers of stray dogs and cats attest the many deserted homes. + +JANUARY 15.--Every train brings women and children, hobby-horses and +canary birds back to their homes in Johannesburg. Betty has returned, +accompanied by Mr. Seymour Port, from Pretoria. She gives a very +spirited account of her visit. Through Mr. Sauer, one of the advocates +retained by the Reformers, a visiting permit was obtained. She and Mr. +Fort were obliged to wait several hours, in company with a crowd of +wives, at the prison gates, under a broiling sun. All were loaded down +with offerings. + +Betty's own donation was several green-lined umbrellas (a god-send in +a whitewashed court beat upon by a tropical sun). After being admitted +each lady was taken into a private room and 'felt all over by a Boer +woman,' who was so fat, Betty declares, 'she must have grown up in +the room, as she could not possibly have got through the door, even +sideways.' + +In the prison court the prisoners were sitting about in great +diversity of costume, pyjamas predominating. The weather was +suffocatingly hot. To while away the tedious time some were playing +marbles, others reading, and a few of the most active brains on the +Rand were caught dozing at midday, in a strip of shadow the width of +one's hand, the sole shade in the whole enclosure. Colonel Bettington +sat on a bench near the entrance in a peculiar and striking costume +which proved to be, to those who had courage to linger and analyse, +pyjama drawers rolled to the knees, a crash towel draped with happy +blending of coolness and perfect propriety around body, noble Bedouin +arrangement of wet crash towel on head, single eyeglass in eye, merry +smile. Mr. Lace was the only one of the company who could suddenly +have been set down in Piccadilly without confusion to himself and +beholders. He wore a neat brown suit, pale pink shirt, and a +_stylish_ straw sailor hat. The prisoners showed a touching interest, +Betty says, in the distribution of their gifts. One husband asked his +wife almost before she was within arm's length what she had brought +him. She had brought him a box of Pasta Mack tabloids, and +unfortunately there was not at that time a bath in the whole prison. +Another gentleman was presented with a Cologne spray. He was the envy +of the jail; within twenty-four hours every Cologne spray in Pretoria +was bought up and in the possession of the Reform Committee. + +The four leaders are kept apart. After much ceremony my husband was +allowed to see his sister at the door of the inner court where they +are housed. Jameson and his men are in a tiny cottage by themselves, +and no communication whatever is allowed between the prisoners. +Arrangements have been made with the authorities to allow food to be +served to the Reformers from the Pretoria Club at the prisoners' +expense. The head jailer, Du Plessis, is a cousin of Kruger's. A +ponderous man with a wild beard, a blood-shot eye, and a heavy voice. +He is said to have gone to the President several days after the arrest +and said, 'Those men are not like us, they are gentlemen, and cannot +stand such hardships.' $250,000,000 are estimated as being represented +by the men within the four walls of the Pretoria jail. + +President Kruger suggests the adjournment of the Volksraad. Every one +feels this to be a wise move while party spirit runs so high. The +Hollanders in the Transvaal are much more rabid against the Reformers +than the Boers. + +Mr. Chamberlain has cabled to the High Commissioner respecting the +leaders in the recent rising. He points out that their imprisonment +may disorganise the mining industry, and inquires as to what will be +the likely penalties. + +America has asked Great Britain to protect Americans arrested in +Johannesburg. I hear that a Burgher, who saw some of the great iron +pipes of the Waterworks Company being put in the ground, reached +Pretoria in a state of intense excitement, exclaiming that he had seen +'miles of big guns at Johannesburg.' + +Mr. Andrew Trimble, chief detective and head of the Uitlander police, +quitted Johannesburg the night of the arrest with much precipitation; +unfortunately, before indeed he had filed away his most important +private papers. Following his hasty flight his office was carefully +guarded by Zarps; no one was allowed to enter--'Oh yes, the Kaffir boy +might go in to clean up.' A good friend of Mr. Trimble's, with stern +aspect, instructed the boy to make a 'good job' of the room and burn +all the papers strewn over the floor and desks. This was faithfully +done by the unconscious negro, to the entire satisfaction of all save +the Zarps in charge. + +It is said Dr. Jameson entered the Transvaal with his despatch-box +filled with important papers in cypher, _and the cypher code with +it_. I cannot believe this of any man in his sound senses. + +The High Commissioner left Pretoria by special train yesterday. This +was the man who offered his service as Mediator and was accepted by +both Uitlander and Boer. To placate the Boer he refrained from +visiting Dr. Jameson and his men imprisoned at Pretoria, nor did he +permit Sir Jacobus de Wet to visit them. He never acquainted himself +with the terms of Dr. Jameson's surrender. He commanded Johannesburg +to disarm to appease the Boer, and this being successfully +accomplished through the self-control of the Reform Committee, he +departed with his gout and other belongings, leaving the unarmed +betrayed Reformers to shift for themselves. Was this being a Mediator? + + +FOOTNOTES: + +[Footnote 6: This affair was the result of an interference by the +English. It arose out of the ill-treatment of a negro slave. The Boers +resisted arrest, there was a clash of arms, and four of the Boers were +hanged.] + + + + +V + + +JANUARY 21.--The Burghers are disbanding and returning to their homes. + +Trade is thoroughly unsettled, and business of every kind is in an +unsatisfactory condition. Great disorder prevails in the town. +Scarcely a night but there is some sort of disturbance between +citizens and police; the latter are mostly raw German recruits. + +Dr. Jameson and his officers left Pretoria yesterday. Dr. Jameson +looked very downcast, and sat gazing stolidly before him until the +train started. They were cheered at many places along the route. The +United States Government has thanked Mr. Chamberlain for his offer to +protect Americans in the Transvaal. + +All travellers coming into the country must submit to a rigorous +personal search for firearms at Vereeniging. In one case even the +infant of the party was overhauled for guns and ammunition before +being handed over to the loving father, who had come down to meet his +little family. + +LATER.--I came up to Pretoria this afternoon with Betty and the sick +nurse. We were stopped at the station while the officials examined our +handbags for cannon. This delay would have been irritating, but the +men were so universally good-natured--little dull-witted, with no +appreciation of fitness, but good-natured. We drove at once to the +Grand Hotel, and I went to bed that I might look rested when I saw my +husband on the morrow. Lady de Wet and Dr. Messum, the prison +physician, called to tell me the four men had been moved into the +Jameson Cottage, but I was asleep, and not allowed to be roused. There +is comfort in being this much nearer to my poor prisoner. The hotel is +full of Reformers' wives, and there is much excitement and coming and +going. We are warned to be cautious in what we say in public places, +because of spies. Every woman has a nervous look on her face, and some +of them shut the windows and doors before uttering even the most +commonplace remarks. + +Pretoria lies in a shallow basin in the heart of the hills--a fitting +home for the Sleeping Princess. It is hushed and drowsy and overrun by +a tangle of roses. Weeping willows edge the streets, which are wide +and as neglected as a country road. Open gutters carry off, or rather +contain, the sewage of the town. Its altitude is lower than that of +Johannesburg, and the climate very relaxing. Every month or couple of +months the town is full of stir and life. The Boers trek in from +neighbouring farms with their long span of oxen, as many as eighteen +and twenty being yoked to a wagon. They buy and sell, and partake of +the Nacht Maal, or sacrament, laagered around the Dopper Church; and +with their dogs, Kaffirs, and oxen make of that square a most +unsavoury spot. + +JANUARY 24.--I have been several times to the prison, and have seen my +husband. He looks thin, but his face is much rested. He was greatly +distressed on my first visit at the change in my appearance, which I +declared was most ungrateful, as I had put on my best clothes for the +occasion. His mouth showed a tendency to grow square at the corners; I +had seen his children's do the same a thousand times in our nursery, +and I turned away to conceal my emotion. + +The leaders are still kept apart from the other Reformers, a chalked +line showing the margin of their liberty. They are fairly comfortable +in the Jameson Cottage. It contains two tiny rooms; in one all four +sleep, and the other is used for a sitting-room. These are kept very +clean and bright. Mr. Farrar is housekeeper, and 'tidies up' with such +vigour that his three comrades threaten to give up their lodgings and +decamp. + +'Hang it all,' says Mr. Phillips, 'we never sit down to a meal that +George does not begin to sweep the floor'; 'And he takes our cups away +and begins washing them before we've finished our coffee,' complains +the Colonel. Mr. Farrar reproaches me for my husband's want of order. +He says I have not trained him at all, which is quite the truth. Each +man has his chief treasures on a little shelf above his bed. The three +husbands have photographs of wife and children; Colonel Rhodes, the +bachelor, a sponge-bag and pin-cushion. Every day I find a short list +of things which they want got for them. It is many a long year since +they had such simple desires: bed-sheets and pillow-cases, a shade for +their window, Dutch dictionary, and lead pencils. + +JANUARY 25.--The Reformers, with the exceptions of Messrs. Lionel +Phillips, George Farrar, Colonel Rhodes, John Hays Hammond, and Percy +Fitzpatrick, are released to-day on bail of ten thousand dollars +each. They are not permitted to leave Pretoria however. + +JANUARY 27.--Dr. Jameson has sailed on the 'Victoria' for England. The +Governor of Natal was hooted at Volksrust for congratulating President +Kruger on his defeat of Jameson. + +We are again in Pretoria. I have asked for an interview with the +President. + + * * * * * + + _My First Prison Pass_ + + BEWIJS VAN TOEGANG + + Aan den Cipier van de Gevangenis te + Pretoria. + + Verlof wordt verliend aan Mrs. Hammond + en Miss Hammond en Lady de Wet + + Om den gevangene genaamd Hammond, + Phillips, Rhodes en Farrar te bezoeken in + Uwe tegenwoordigheid. + + Den 22nd--1--1896. + + + + +VI + + +Sir James Sivewright said, as I left my rooms for the President's +house, 'I am glad that you are going. You will find a man with a rough +appearance but a kind heart.' Mr. Sammy Marx accompanied me. + +The home of the President of the South African Republic is an +unpretentious dwelling, built of wood and on one floor. There is a +little piazza running across the front, upon which he is frequently +seen sitting, smoking his pipe of strong Boer tobacco, with a couple +of his trusted burghers beside him. Two armed sentinels stood at the +latch gate. I hurried through the entrance. A negro nurse was +scurrying across the hall with a plump baby in her arms. A young man +with a pleasant face met me at the sitting-room door and invited me +to enter. It was an old-fashioned parlour, furnished with black +horse-hair, glass globes, and artificial flowers. A marble-topped +centre table supported bulky volumes bound in pressed leather with +large gilt titles. There were several men already in the room, Boers. +Those nearest the door I saw regard me with a scowl. I was a woman +from the enemy's camp. At the further end of the long room sat a large +sallow-skinned man with long grizzled hair swept abruptly up from his +forehead. His eyes, which were keen, were partly obscured by heavy +swollen lids. The nose was massive, but not handsome. The thin-lipped +mouth was large and flexible, and showed both sweetness and firmness. +A fine mouth! He wore a beard. It was President Kruger. He was filling +his pipe from a moleskin pouch, and I noticed that his broad stooping +shoulders ended in arms abnormally long. We shook hands, and he +continued to fill and light his pipe. Mr. Grobler, the pleasant-faced +young man, grandson and Secretary to the President, observing that I +was trembling with fatigue and suppressed excitement, offered me a +chair. We sat opposite each other, the President in the middle. I +spoke slowly, Mr. Grobler interpreting. This was hardly necessary, +President Kruger answering much that I said before it was interpreted. +I could understand him perfectly from my familiarity with German and +especially _Platt-Deutsch_. + +I explained that I had not come to talk politics. 'No, no politics,' +interrupted the President in a thick loud voice. Nor had I come to ask +favour for my husband, as I felt assured that the honesty of his +motives would speak for themselves at the day of his trial; but I +_had_ come as a woman and daughter of a Republic to ask him to +continue the clemency which he had thus far shown, and to thank Mrs. +Kruger for the tears which she had shed when Johannesburg was in +peril. + +President Kruger relaxed a little. 'That is true, she did weep.' He +fixed me with his shrewd glance. 'Where were you?' he asked abruptly. + +'I was in Johannesburg with my husband.' + +'Were you not afraid?' + +'Yes, those days have robbed me of my youth.' + +'What did you think I was going to do?' + +'I hoped that you would come to an understanding with the Reformers.' + +His face darkened. + +'I was disappointed that the Americans went against me,' he said. + +Mr. Sammy Marx rose and left the room. I was seized with one of those +sudden and unaccountable panics, and from sheer embarrassment--my mood +was far too tragic to admit of flippancy--blurted out, 'You must come +to America, Mr. President, as soon as all this trouble is settled, and +see how _we_ manage matters.' + +Kruger's face lighted up with interest. 'I am too old to go so far.' + +'No man is older than his brain, Mr. President'; and Kruger, who knew +that in all the trouble he had shown the mental vigour of a man in his +prime, accepted my praise with a hearty laugh. This was joined in by +the Boers from the other end of the room. + +Mrs. Kruger refused to see me, and I liked her none the less for her +honest prejudice. I stood to go. President Kruger rose, removed the +pipe from between his teeth, and, coughing violently, gave me his +hand. + +Mr. Grobler escorted me to the gate. 'Mrs. Hammond, I shall be glad to +serve you in any way possible to me,' he said with courtesy. + +'Then will you say to Mrs. Kruger that I am praying to the same God +that peace may come?' + +MONDAY, FEBRUARY 3.--The preliminary trial of the Reform Committee +prisoners was called this morning. The hearing was in the second +Raadzaal. Although the accommodation for the public was limited there +was a large crowd of Johannesburgers present. + +Shortly before ten o'clock an armed escort marched up to the jail for +Messrs. Hammond, Phillips, Farrar, Fitz-Patrick, and Rhodes. The other +Reformers stood in a bunch at the entrance of the hall. All the +principal Government officials were present. Sir Jacobus de Wet +appeared, accompanied by Mr. J. Rose Innes, Q.C., who had come from +the Cape to watch the case on behalf of the Imperial Government. + +Punctually at ten the State Attorney, Coster, took his seat, and, +beginning with my husband's name, called the accused into Court. + +The sixty-four prisoners were assigned to rows of cane-bottomed chairs +in the north-west corner of the building. The proceedings were in +Dutch, and continued throughout the day. With the exception of a few, +none of the Reformers understood Dutch. The hall was without +ventilation, and overcrowded, and sixty-four more bored and +disconsolate-looking men, I believe, were never brought together. Some +of them fanned vigorously with their hats, others gave themselves up +to circumstance and sank into apathy. On the second day, profiting by +experience, fans and paper-backed novels were brought into the Court +room by the arraigned. + +When the Reformers filed in I noticed my husband was not amongst them. +Captain Mein caught my eye and beckoned me to come down from the +ladies' gallery. I hurried to him in some alarm. He told me that my +husband was not well, and handed me a permit which Advocate Sauer had +procured for me. I went at once to the prison, and found my husband +with acute symptoms of dysentery, a feeble pulse, and a heart which +murmured when it beat. + +'Jack,' I said, 'I am going to dig you out of this jail!' + +He looked incredulous, and said despondently, 'I'd rather stay _here_ +than go to the prison hospital.' + +'I'm not thinking of the prison hospital,' simply to reassure him, and +with absolutely no plan of procedure in mind I smiled wisely. + +On my way back to the hotel I was perplexed and uncertain which end to +try first--the American Government or the Government of the Transvaal. +I decided upon the latter, and, assisted by Advocate Scholtz, set to +work with such good effect that by the end of the day I had received +permission to remove my invalid into a private house and personally +attend him. Captain Mein cabled to Mr. David Benjamin, who was in +England, for the use of his cottage. An answer returned within a few +hours, granting us cordial possession. + +I was told that we should be kept under strict guard and that an +officer would be lodged in the house with us. Colonel Bettington +advised me to ask the Government that this officer might be Lieutenant +de Korte, who was a gentleman, and a man of kindly instincts. This I +did, and again my wishes were generously considered. My first act in +the cottage home was to cable the United States Secretary of State of +my privilege; Betty and my faithful housemaid, Parker, were allowed to +be with us. + +Thirteen men were stationed on guard around the tiny flower-covered +cottage. No letters or telegrams were allowed to be sent or received +without first being read by Lieutenant de Korte; visitors were obliged +to obtain permits to see us, and many were the times I saw my best +friends hang disconsolate faces over the garden gate, because the +prescribed number of passes had already been distributed. + +The ladies of the house were allowed to go out twice in the week. I +never accepted this freedom. Betty did once, and returning after hours +was refused entrance by the sentinel. Fortunately Mr. de Korte came +to the rescue. Another time, in consequence of a change of guard, he +himself was obliged to show his papers before being allowed to leave +the premises. Lieutenant de Korte was excessively strict, as was his +duty to the Government, but throughout the two weeks we were under his +care he proved himself entirely worthy of Colonel Bettington's praise, +'A gentleman and a man of kindly instincts!' One piece of kindness I +particularly appreciated. _He never wore his uniform in the house_. +When he sat down to table it was in the usual evening dress of a man +of the world, and our conversation was always on pleasant subjects. We +never forgot, however, that we were prisoners. My husband and I slept +like Royalty in the throne-room, with all the Court assembled. One +guard sat at our bedroom door, gun in hand, and two others on the +verandah just outside the low window. I could hear their breathing +throughout the night. My husband and I could never exchange a private +word; sometimes I would write a message which was hurriedly burnt in +the bedroom candle. The day we moved into the cottage I saw a rose in +the garden which I thought would please and refresh my patient. I +stepped over the threshold to find my nose in conjunction with the +highly-polished barrel of an unfriendly rifle. There was no necessity +for me to understand the guttural speech of the guard, to appreciate +that he desired me to return into the house at once. I did so. Efforts +to induce Mr. Hammond to take a little exercise in the garden I soon +gave over. After a few steps (a guard only two feet behind him) he +would be utterly exhausted, and would almost faint away on reaching +his chair again. Under these petty irritations my husband showed an +angelic patience and fortitude that alarmed me. It was so unlike his +normal self. I longed to hear him cuss a cosy swear; it would have +braced us both. But he was gentle, and appreciative of little +kindnesses; so, to keep from weakening tears, I took to swearing +myself. + +Pretoria was like a steam bath. Frequent thunderstorms were followed +by a blazing sun. Vegetation grew inches in a day, and emitted a rank +smell. People were sallow and languid, and went about with +yellow-white lips. My husband was losing strength perceptibly. + +I called upon Dr. Messum, and begged that he would summon Dr. Murray, +our family physician, from Johannesburg, in consultation. He preferred +a Hollander. I would have none of them! We haggled, and he gave in. +Dr. Murray came to Pretoria. He was very grave when he came out of my +husband's sick room. His report to the Government gained the allowance +of a daily drive, but even for this slight exertion the sick man was +soon too feeble. I wanted to take him to the bracing heights of +Johannesburg, but lawyers and physicians advised me not to make this +request. Johannesburg was still a red rag to the Government, and I +would be sure to meet with a rebuff. Notwithstanding, I went one night +at eleven o'clock, escorted by Lieutenant de Korte, carrying a +glimmering lantern, to interview Dr. Schaagen van Leuwen, and laid the +case before him. + +My husband would surely die if kept in Pretoria; the Government +physician who had been attending him could attest the truth of my +statement. I begged to be allowed to take him to his home in +Johannesburg, under whatever restrictions or guard the Government +might choose to impose. _Johannesburg was my desire_, and I positively +refused to accept any alternative. Dr. Schaagen van Leuwen was very +kind, and promised to do all he could to help me, and he gave me good +reason to hope that my request would be considered. + +In the morning I went again to visit Dr. Messum, this time with Mr. +Percy Farrar. I urged him to send in his report of my husband's case +at once, as he seemed inclined to let the matter drift. Mr. Farrar +and I also drew his attention to the condition of the Jameson Cottage. +The walls were covered with mildew from the recent rains and the floor +damp with seepage water. Mr. Phillips was suffering from lumbago, and +Mr. Fitzpatrick with acute neuralgia. + +Next day we were pleasantly surprised by a call at the cottage from +Messrs. Phillips, Farrar, and Colonel Rhodes, liberated under the same +conditions as was my husband--a bail of 50,000 dollars and a heavy +guard. They were then on their way to a cottage at Sunnyside. Mrs. +Farrar and I hugged each other with joy, and were quite ready to do +the same to the lawyers who had been so successful in attaining this +end. When I learned a little later that consent had been given for Mr. +Hammond to be taken to Johannesburg my measure of happiness seemed +indeed complete. + +With all speed Parker and I tied up our belongings. Lieutenant de +Korte, with nine guards, was to attend us as far as Johannesburg. A +bed was made for the sick man on one of the seats, and frequent +stimulants helped him bear the journey. The thought of going home did +as much as the cordials to stay his strength, I shall always believe. +A number of gentlemen of my husband's staff were at the station to +meet us. Mr. Catlin's kind face I could see above all the others, and +dear Pope Yeatman's. Before we could exchange greetings we were +whisked off into our carriage by the officer whose duty it was to take +us in charge. A soldier hopped up on the box, and another planted +himself on the seat opposite to us--to my inconvenience, and Parker's +intense indignation. Our home was alight. There was a good dinner on +the table, and my husband, with his natural hospitality, invited the +officer to share it with us. I think I should have shot him if he had +accepted--but he did not accept. + +There had been a fearful dynamite explosion at Fordsburg, a suburb of +Johannesburg, late in the afternoon, and he was busied with bringing +in the wounded. Very politely he asked me to take him through the +house. This I did, grimly remarking, as I pointed to the window in my +dressing-room, 'That is the one he will escape by when we have made up +our minds to run.' This cheap wit cost me weeks of inconvenience, for +the literal Hollander took me at my word, and posted a guard directly +opposite this window. Being a Vrywilliger[7] and a gentleman, this +poor man suffered as sharply from his position as did I. That night +two armed men stood at our chamber door. One was stationed at each of +our bedroom windows. Another guarded the house entrance, and the +remainder of the guard were dispersed around the yard. Their guns were +loaded, and a bandolier of cartridges crossed their breasts. All this +to restrain a poor, broken man, who could not walk a dozen yards! + + +FOOTNOTES: + +[Footnote 7: A volunteer.] + + + + +VII + + +ASH WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 19.--The dynamite explosion was something +terrific. Fifty-five tons exploded at one time, wounding 700 people, +killing 80, and leaving 1,500 homeless. It ripped a chasm in the earth +deep enough to hold an Atlantic steamer with all her rigging. The +Kaffirs thought the sun had burst. Betty says the noise of the report +was something awful. Little Jacky was digging in the garden at the +time. He returned to the house at once with a very troubled face. The +coachman coming from town an hour later told of the dreadful +catastrophe. Jacky took his aunt aside: 'Aunt Bet, I heard that great +big noise when I was diggin' and I thought I had dug up hell.' + +The explosion was the result of neglect. For four days fifty-five and +a half tons of dynamite lay under a hot sun at the Netherlands +Railroad junction, left in charge of an inexperienced youth of twenty +who had 'forgotten to remove it' as was ordered the day before the +explosion occurred. + +Fordsburg is populated by poor Dutch and Boers. With generous +disregard of recent conflicts, the Uitlanders at once gave help and +sympathy to the afflicted. Seven of the members on the Relief +Committee were Reformers; and Reformers' wives were among the first to +nurse the wounded. President Kruger came over to Johannesburg to visit +the scene of the accident. He visited the wounded at the Wanderers' +and hospital, and seemed greatly affected. He made a speech in which +he begged the sufferers to turn their eyes to the Great Healer, who +alone could comfort. He also said that he was gratified to hear that +the subscriptions in aid of the distressed had reached so high a +figure; 'Johannesburg had come nobly to the rescue, and he was glad to +know it.' He quoted the words of the Saviour, 'Blessed are the +merciful, for they shall obtain mercy.' In benefiting others he +declared they would benefit themselves. + + +FEBRUARY 23.--I am housed with my ill husband. Betty comes in and goes +out in constant service to the sufferers from the dynamite explosion. +We can think of nothing else. All the tragic stories we hear from +friends and read in the papers fill our days with sadness. + +A friend of my cook's was visiting a neighbour at Fordsburg. She stood +on the threshold, an infant in her arms, and a three-year-old boy at +her side. The explosion came. Her baby was killed outright, and the +child clinging to her skirts dropped with one leg ripped entirely from +the socket. The mother was not even scratched. Another woman was +sewing on a sewing machine. After recovering from the shock, she found +herself unhurt, her house collapsed, and the sewing machine entirely +disappeared. Most of the houses fell outward and not inward, and +those persons near the explosion describe their experience of the +shock as falling asleep or going off in a trance. + +The society women of Johannesburg are doing noble work. Dr. Murray +says it is astonishing how intelligently alert and self-sacrificing +they are proving themselves to be. A story has been told me of a Boer +woman who was fearfully mangled; she bore the necessary surgical +operation with fortitude, but wept copiously when a green baize +petticoat, which she had recently made out of a tablecloth, was taken +off. Only a solemn promise from Mrs. Joel, her lady nurse, to keep the +garment safe until her recovery, appeased her outcries. + +I asked the officer in charge yesterday if I might see some of my +friends who called, the sentinels having thus far denied them +entrance. 'Yes, but there are some women in the place whom I do not +care to have come here.' 'And who might they be?' I asked. 'The wives +of the Reformers,' he answered. 'Then,' I flashed out, 'I do not care +to accept _any_ favours at your hands; those women are my personal +friends, and the only persons under existing circumstances whom I wish +to see.' + +(We were under this gentleman's surveillance for some time, and he +afterwards proved very friendly, _so my husband says_, but I never +spoke to him again. I did not like him. His voice was unpleasant and +he had a high, hard nose, and I do not fancy people with hard, high +noses.) + +A poor little two-year-old baby was found wandering among the ruins at +Fordsburg, with only a slight scratch on her wrist. It is supposed +that she has been lying unconscious under the debris. + +A Malay woman was discovered cowering over the ruins of what was once +her home, crooning to a dead child at her breast. + +The Netherlands Railroad Company, _under whose auspices_ the accident +took place, have donated 50,000 dollars to the Relief Fund; and the +Transvaal Government has set aside 125,000 dollars for the same +purpose; the Uitlanders, 325,000 dollars, which was collected within a +few hours after the explosion. + +FEBRUARY 25.--Business continues stagnant. + +A deputation of mining men go to Pretoria in regard to the depression +in the mining industry resulting from the imprisonment of the leaders. +I hear many of the mines will have to shut down. + +England's Queen and President Kruger have exchanged messages over the +explosion. + +A Kaffir has been found in the wrecked station at Fordsburg; although +he had been imprisoned five days in the debris, he was still alive, +and revived promptly after being given food. (He succumbed however, +some days later to pneumonia brought on by the exposure). + +1,500 of the survivors from the dynamite disaster are now encamped at +the Agricultural Show Yard. The Relief Committee are doing all +possible to assuage their sufferings. Poor people! many of them are +utterly crushed, and sit about dazed and listless; while the little +children, unconscious of the despair surrounding them, frolic about +with the chickens, and make mud-pies as if nothing had happened. But +for the thoughtless elasticity of childhood, how few of us could live +to grow up! + + + + +VIII + + +The preliminary trial dragged its undignified course through the +Courts with a fortnight's interruption, because a youth named +Shumacher refused to give his opinions on a certain subject to the +Attorney-General, and was committed to prison for contempt. + +The High Commissioner was going through genuflexions before the Boer +President. Peace, peace, at any price! at the cost of broken promises, +humiliating compromises, and the lives of sixty-four Reformers, if +need be.[8] + +Mr. Chamberlain had caught the infection, and was salaaming across the +world to Mr. Kruger, like a marionette out of a box. Thoughtful people +began to wonder if he were swung by a heavy weight, which was unknown +to us. Sir William Harcourt was giving the House of Commons, in +England, ill-founded and flippant assurances that 'the Uitlanders +desired no interference from the outside, whether British or other, +but preferred rather to work out their own salvation.' He added many +unpleasant remarks about the Reformers. I said to one of his +countrymen, 'Why does he, in his safety, flourish about, pinning us +deeper down in the wreckage?' + +'Don't let that distress you. Everybody understands that he belongs to +the other party. If he were of the party in power he would be howling +for the Reformers. Remember, Mrs. Hammond, that our system of party +politics seems to call for such attitudes of injustice.' I didn't +quite understand the argument, but the gentleman spoke with +conviction, and I was willing to accept his proffered comfort. + +In our quiet home at Park Town we had settled down to domestic +routine. The guard had gone to housekeeping in a tent under the +dining-room window. They had made friends with Totsey, and then with +Totsey's master, little Jack. Although I never recognised them beyond +a formal bow, in answer to their salute as we drove in and out of the +grounds, I realised that they were kind-hearted men. They were +Burghers belonging to the Volunteer Corps, and were quite a different +grade altogether from the men who composed our guard at Pretoria. At +first we had thirteen, then the number was diminished to nine. Each +man was paid $5.00 a day out of my good man's pocket, fed, and cab +fare provided (to fetch and carry the relief squad from and to the +town). + +It was very like boiling a kid in its mother's milk, but I had the +gratification of remarking once or twice with casual superiority +during conjugal conversation, that revolutions were expensive things, +and that was _some_ comfort. + +My invalid's health, which at first showed a decided change for the +better, began to wane again. Massage was tried, and tonics were freely +administered. Dr. Murray and I thought of Cape Town and the sea; but I +must own up, it was _the officer in charge_ who was most influential +in obtaining a permit for my husband to leave the Transvaal. The bail +bond was increased to a hundred thousand dollars. Fearing _somebody_ +might change his mind, I insisted on Dr. Murray's starting at once +with my husband for the Cape. Jacky was thrown in as a bonus. Parker +and I were to follow on the mail train two days later. + +The guard, who were by this time genuinely attached to their charge, +begged him to be photographed in a group with themselves. To their +great pride this was done. I missed my husband just before his +departure, and Jacky, joining in my search from room to room, gave +the information, 'Papa is playing with his guard outside.' Weak though +he was, he had crawled out to the tent, with a big bottle of +champagne, and when I stepped to the study window I saw, in the pale +twilight, Mr. Hammond standing with the men about him. They lifted +their glasses to him, and their hearty cheers shook me through. + +The travellers were despatched, and, according to our plan, I followed +with the maid. My dear husband was well enough to meet us in Cape Town +at the depot, and Jacky was in high feather--he had a tin steamboat; +he was inclined to swagger; and showed a personal complacency not +warranted by his appearance, for some of his clothes were put on with +great care, _hind-part before_. + +We found lodgment at Muizenburg, near Cape Town--sun, wind, and +primitive discomfort, this last mitigated by the never-failing +kindness of the proprietor. His little children fell over one another +in eager service to my invalid; they were always sure of appreciative +recognition from him, and every child is sensitive to kindness. + +Mr. Joseph Story Curtis, the Reformer, joined us, brought down from +the Rand by his physician and sick nurse; he was suffering from +partial paralysis, induced by the excitement of the revolution and +preliminary trial. + +Young Shumacher had come to the coast for building up, also Mr. Van +Goenert, who had carried a gun on duty when Johannesburg was under +arms. We were a saddened little circle at Muizenburg, and we used to +watch the great ships sail out for 'home' with a lump in our throats. + +The strong salt breeze buoyed us up to fresh hope. A new friend came +to me: a woman with all a woman's tenderness, and the simple +necessities of life had a fresh meaning when supplied by you, dear +Jessie Rose Innes! + +Dr. Murray was obliged to leave us. + +An untimely sea-bath brought back most serious symptoms to my +patient, and I was the prey every afternoon to a low fever which +sapped my strength. Although at first this fever bore a horrible +menace, it proved a disguised blessing. For two or three hours each +day I was absolutely free of care, and would lie with quick pulse and +mildly intoxicated brain dreaming I was with my elder boy on the +border of England. I saw him in his little Eton jacket and broad +turned-down collar, his sweet young face fresh as the morning. Or I +would dream of the pretty home under the hill, in far-off California. +The fragrance of thick beds of violets would seem to float to me over +the long waste of sea, and I could see the tall roses nodding in the +white summer fog. My temples beat like the winter rain on the roof, +and the light before my eyes was the library fire, picking out, in its +old familiar way, the gilt lettering on the books ranged about. It was +sweet to go back to all this, even down the scorching path of fever. + +Our stay at Cape Town was coming to its close. + +The first trial was called for April 24, and my husband insisted upon +going back to meet his sentence. Drs. Thomas and Scholtz declared this +most unadvisable. His heart was in such condition, any shock might +prove fatal. Their reports were forwarded to the Transvaal Government, +and I begged for a few days' reprieve, cabling my urgent request to +Mr. Olney in Washington, Dr. Coster at Pretoria, and our faithful +friend, Mr. Robert Chapin, United States Consul at Johannesburg. Mr. +Olney _at once_ petitioned the Boer Government in our behalf. Dr. +Coster answered curtly by wiring Mr. Chapin that John Hays Hammond was +summoned to appear before the High Court of the Transvaal on the +morning of April 24, at 10 o'clock. To me he vouchsafed no word. + +Letters came from friends in Johannesburg begging my husband not to +return, and cables from the United States to the same effect. The +sentence was sure to be a death sentence or a term of long +imprisonment. + +From important sources, which for obvious reasons I cannot quote, I +received private messages and letters informing of a plan on foot to +lynch the leaders. The beam from which four Boers had been hung years +before at Schlaagter's Nek (Oh! that poisonous suggestion in the +'Volksstem') had already been brought from the Colony for this special +purpose. Mr. Manion, the Consular Agent, and Mr. K.B. Brown, an +American just arrived in Cape Town from the Rand, took me aside and +laid the case in all its bare brutality before me. _To allow my +husband to return to Pretoria was for him to meet certain death_. If +he were not lynched by the excited Boers, he was sure to get a death +sentence. Mr. Brown showed feeling as he plead with me to use a wife's +influence to save her husband's life. My head was swimming. I could +only repeat in a dull, dogged way: 'He says his honour takes him +back. He is the father of my sons, and I'd rather see him dead than +dishonoured.' + +Somehow I got to my room, and the page-boy stumbled over me at the +door some time afterward, and ran for Mrs. Cavanagh. When I felt a +little recovered, I put on my hat, and, not waiting for my husband's +return from an appointment with Dr. Thomas, I drove to the office of +Mr. Rose Innes. He was not in, and his clerk declared he did not know +when he would be in. 'Very well, then; I'll wait until he does come +in.' + +I was given a comfortable chair, and a dictionary was dusted and +placed under my feet. Mr. Rose Innes at length appeared. He was +greatly astonished to find me waiting for him. I began abruptly: 'Dear +Mr. Innes, I am in need of a friend; my distress is so great that I +can no longer distinguish right from wrong.' I told him everything; +showed him the letters which I had received, and, facing him, asked, +'What is my duty? I can appeal to my husband--for my sake, to save +the life of our child--and perhaps dissuade him! _My God, it is a +temptation!_' + +Mr. Rose Innes sat deep in thought. + +'If you think his going back is a needless throwing away of a valuable +life,' I began, with a timid hope beginning to grow in my heart--'I +will chloroform him and have him taken to sea!' + +Mr. Rose Innes leaned forward, and took my hand gently between his +own: 'Mrs. Hammond, your husband is doing the right thing in going +back; don't try to dissuade him. If he were my own brother I would say +the same'--and I accepted his decision. + +For a further strong but ineffectual effort to gain a few days' longer +leave of absence for Mr. Hammond, I am indebted to this good friend. +Also for many personal kindnesses which I can never forget. Miss +Louisa Rhodes was a most helpful friend as well; the anxiety in +common brought us very close together. She was a veritable +fairy-godmother, bringing us wines and dainty food from Groote +Schuur's well-stocked larder to tempt us to eat. + + +FOOTNOTES: + +[Footnote 8: Cablegram of the High Commissioner to Mr. Chamberlain, +January 8, 1896:-- + +'I intend, if I find that the Johannesburg people have substantially +complied with the Ultimatum, to insist on the fulfilment of promises +as regards prisoners and consideration of grievances, and will not +allow, at this stage, the introduction of any fresh conditions as +regards the London Convention of 1884. Do you approve?'] + + + + +IX + + +At Cape Town I saw the High Commissioner--a gentle old man with +delicate hands. He had lived two-thirds of his life, and passed the +virile period. + +The responsibility of taking my husband to Pretoria was more than I +could assume alone; my strength was nearly spent. Doctors Thomas and +Scholtz assisted me in every way. Although called separately, and not +in consultation, these two gentlemen were far too broad-minded and +generously interested in our welfare to stand upon professional +etiquette. Dr. Scholtz accepted the post of medical attendant on the +journey up-country, and one of the last faces which I saw at Cape Town +as our train drew out was that of Dr. Thomas, who had left a critical +case to hurry down in order to wish us God-speed. + +Jessie Rose Innes had come too, wild night though it was. Under her +tweed cape she had brought from her home at Rondebosch a basket filled +with food--fresh butter, chicken jelly, extract of coffee, and a +home-made cake for 'Jacky boy.' Dear heart of gold! there was no need +of words between us that sorrowful night. + +Trotting along beside the slowly-moving train, Sir James Sivewright +held my hands thrust through the open window. + +'When the worst comes, you'll do all you can to help us, Sir James?' I +asked. + +'Indeed I will,' was the hearty response. + +The trip was a wearisome one. The weather was hot, and there was much +dust. Little Jack was the leaven of our heavy days, and a sweet +letter, tucked away in a safe place, from the boy in England, wrung +and cheered my aching heart. It bade us to 'brace up.' He had heard +all about the troubles, and was glad his father was not idle when men +were needed. His house had won the football match. There were only a +few more weeks to wait, and we would all be together again! Fate +carried a smile in her pocket for me so long as that boy kept well! + +At night we reached Vereenigen, on the border of the Transvaal. We +were delayed there two hours (120 minutes, 7,200 seconds) while the +Custom House officials examined the luggage. Faint and exhausted, my +husband lay on the seat before me. I sat at the open window +waiting--waiting with every nerve strained and a fearful rushing sound +in my ears, for the possible attack of excited Boers or a stray shot +from some fanatic's rifle. Jacky, trying to clamber over my lap, would +whimper under the fierce clutch of my fingers as I dragged him down +from the window. + +As is usual, the passengers' names had been telegraphed ahead, and a +crowd of Boers had gathered at the station to see the man who had come +back to get his sentence. They were a wild, uncouth-looking crowd +from the adjacent farms. I could hear them ask, 'Where is he?' 'In +there,' another would answer, pointing with his thumb over his +shoulder to our compartment. In threes and fours they would shuffle +into our car and gaze with dull, stupid curiosity upon the prostrate +man, as sheep gaze at a dead member of the flock. Dr. Scholtz, +keen-eyed and watchful, stood on guard in the doorway. Platinum would +have melted under the courteous warmth of his manner to the officials. + +Our train at last under way, I found some one had thrust a bunch of +fresh grapes into my little boy's hand. + +Nearing Johannesburg Dr. Scholtz came to me: 'Your husband is +exhausted. I think it best for him to pass the night at his home, +going to Pretoria on the mid-day train to-morrow.' + +It was well we did this, for between Johannesburg and Pretoria this +train met with one of the collisions so frequent on the Netherlands +Railway. Only the engineer and a brakeman were killed, but the shock +would certainly have been most disastrous to us. + +SUNDAY, NOON, APRIL 26.--My husband with Dr. Scholtz started for +Pretoria. I was unable to leave my bed, but it was agreed that Betty +and I should follow on the early train of the morrow. + +The Reform trial which was begun on Friday, April 24, was resumed on +Monday. + +Repeated wires from Mr. Hammond and Dr. Scholtz prevailed upon me to +remain at my home to rest another day. 'It would probably be a long +trial.' + + + + +X + + +My husband reached Pretoria Sunday evening, April 26. The information +that we had received en route, regarding the pleas of guilty entered +by the imprisoned Reformers, was confirmed by his associates: the +other three leaders, Messrs. Rhodes, Farrar, and Phillips, had entered +a plea of guilty under count one of the indictment for high treason, +the fifty-nine Reformers entering a like plea of guilty under the +count of lese-majeste. As conjectured by us when we heard of this +action of the Reformers, the prisoners had received certain assurances +before making such pleas: + +_First_.--That they should not be tried under the comparatively +obsolete Roman Dutch Law, which punished the crime of treason with +death; but they would be tried and punished under, and in accordance +with, the code laws of the Transvaal Republic, which imposed penalties +of fine and imprisonment for the crime charged in the indictment. + +_Second_.--The leaders were further assured that this action on their +part would measurably mitigate the sentences of the other fifty-nine +Reformers. + +On Monday, the 27th, the Court reconvened in the market hall, the +_imported_ Judge Gregorowsky occupying the bench. + +Mr. Hammond took his place with the three leaders, attended by his +physician, Dr. Scholtz, who remained at his side during the entire +trial. + +After some preliminary matters were disposed of, Mr. Hammond, actuated +by the same influences that were brought to bear on his associates, +entered a plea of guilty to count one of the indictment, and placed +his signature to the written statement which had been previously +signed by Messrs. Rhodes, Phillips, and Farrar. + +This written paper was in substance as follows:-- + + That for a number of years the Uitlanders had earnestly and + peacefully sought relief for their grievances by the + constitutional right of petition. That what they asked was + only what was conceded to new-comers by every other South + African Government. + + That petition after petition was placed before the + authorities--one bearing 40,000 signatures, asking + alleviation of their burdens and wrongs; that they could + never obtain a hearing, and that the provisions of law + already deemed obnoxious and unfair were being made more + stringent; and, realising that they would never be accorded + the rights they were entitled to receive, it was determined + to make a demonstration of force in support of their just + demands. + + The statement then recites the coming of Jameson against + their express commands and understanding with him, and all + the subsequent acts of the Transvaal Government, the High + Commissioner, and De Wet, Her Majesty's Agent, which are + now matters of history. + +The paper concluded as follows:-- + + 'We admit responsibility for the action taken by us. We + practically avowed it at the time of the negotiations with + the Government, when we were informed that the services of + the High Commissioner had been accepted with a view to a + peaceful settlement. + + 'We submit that we kept faith in every detail of the + arrangement. We did all that was humanly possible to protect + both the State and Dr. Jameson from the consequences of his + action; that we have committed no breach of the law which + was not known to the Government at the time; and that the + earnest consideration of our grievances was promised. + + 'We can now only put the bare facts before the Court, and + submit to the judgment that may be passed upon us.' + +After the examination of several witnesses and the introduction of the +celebrated cipher telegrams, the Court was adjourned for the day. + +TUESDAY, THE 28TH.--There was a vast concourse gathered at the Market +Hall on this day of the trial. The chamber was crowded to its utmost +limit by anxious and interested listeners. Many ladies were present. + +His Lordship (the imported Judge) was late in ascending the bench, +unnecessarily prolonging the suspense of the waiting crowd. + +The proceedings were commenced with every formality that could render +them impressive. A large number of armed men were stationed at the +entrance and about the Court-room. A prominent object in the +Court-room, one which immediately struck the eye of those entering, as +this was its first appearance during the trial, was a plain wooden +dock, low in front, high at the back, and large enough to hold four +men. + +As in the preliminary examination, the Court proceedings were +conducted in the Dutch language, an unfamiliar tongue to a majority +of the accused. + +After the despatch of some minor matters, Mr. Wessels, counsel for the +defence, made his address to the Court, closing by reading the written +statement of the four leaders, and asking the clemency of the Court. + +He made no reference or protest to the tribunal as constituted--a +Court presided over by a Judge _not a_ citizen of the country whose +sovereignty had been offended by the treasonable acts charged. + +Mr. Wessels was followed by the State Attorney, Dr. Coster, in a +bitter and vindictive speech. + +He demanded that the prisoners at the bar should be punished under the +_Roman Dutch Law_, and that the four leaders should receive the +_death_ penalty. + +This demand of the State Attorney was apparently a surprise to Mr. +Wessels, for he sprung to his feet in an excited manner and protested +most vigorously against the demand of Dr. Coster; his language and +manner were such as to impress many present that it was provoked by a +breach of good faith. + +At the conclusion of the speech of the State Attorney, Gregorowsky +(the imported Judge) summed up the case at length, and held that the +prisoners were guilty of high treason as charged in the indictment, +and that the Roman Dutch Law governed in such cases; and that the +sentences imposed would be in accordance therewith. + +The Sheriff then with a loud voice commanded silence whilst the +sentence of death was pronounced. + +A deep hush fell upon the Court-room--a profound, breathless silence +that became oppressive before the next official utterances disturbed +it. + +'Lionel Phillips, George Farrar, Francis Rhodes, John Hays Hammond!' +called the Registrar. + +In response these four were singled out from the rest of the prisoners +and conducted to the new dock. + +It was the Registrar who again spoke. + +'Lionel Phillips, have you any legal reasons to urge why sentence of +death should not be passed upon you, according to law?' + +'No,' was the response. + +This was followed by the sentence. + +In like manner, Farrar and Rhodes were interrogated and sentenced. + +Mr. Hammond was then called to his feet and the same formal question +asked. + +Although pale and weak from protracted illness, Mr. Hammond responded +in a firm voice to the Registrar's question. + +The Judge, then addressing the prisoner, said: 'John Hays Hammond, it +is my painful duty to pass sentence of death upon you. + +'I am only applying the punishment which is meted out and laid down +according to law, leaving it to his Honour the State President, and +the Executive Council, to show you any mercy which may lie in their +power. + +'May the magnanimity shown by his Honour the State President, and this +Government, to the whole world, during the recent painful events be +also shown to you. + +'I have nothing to do with that, however. + +'I can only say, that in any other country you would not have a claim +on their mercy. The sentence of the Court is, that you be taken from +this place where you are now, and be conveyed to the jail at Pretoria, +or any such other jail in this Republic as may be appointed by law, to +be kept there till a time and place of execution shall be appointed by +lawful authority, that you be taken to the place of execution to be +there hanged by the neck till you are dead. + +'May Almighty God have mercy on your soul!' + +Whilst the sentences were being passed upon the four leaders the +auditors were wrought up to the highest pitch; sobs were heard on +every side, tears were on many cheeks, and even stolid old Boers were +seen to weep. One man was carried from the room in a fit. + +The four Reform leaders, who had borne themselves during this trying +time in a brave and fearless manner, then stepped out of the dock +firmly and unhesitatingly, and were taken to the Pretoria jail. + +The other fifty-nine prisoners were then called to the bar and +sentenced each to pay a fine of ten thousand dollars, and to suffer +two years' imprisonment. + +Thus ended this remarkable trial, a judicial trial unprecedented in +the annals of jurisprudence. + +A mockery of justice and a travesty upon civilisation.[9] + + +FOOTNOTES: + +[Footnote 9: The foregoing regarding the trial and sentence of the +Reformers is from information derived from eye-witnesses and the local +Press.] + + + + +XI + + +By a strange providence Betty and I missed the early train. I had not +reckoned on the delay in dressing which sorrow and fatigue could +occasion. + +The paper had announced that the sentence was to be given at noon. +Though I had no intention of being present in the Court-room, I wished +to be within reach of my husband in case he should need me. We took +the local train which left Johannesburg at 10.30. + +Our journey came to an end. I saw Mr. Rose Innes and Dr. Scholtz on +the platform. + +'Is it the death sentence?' + +Mr. Rose Innes, with both hands on my shoulders to keep me from +falling, said 'Yes.' + +There were many other friends, I have since learned, who were there to +receive me. I have a hazy recollection of Mr. Barnato, good +kind-hearted 'Barney,' begging me 'not to fret'; that he had brought +my husband to Africa and he meant to stand by him till he got out of +Africa. Mrs. Clement and Betty remained beside me. The day was without +hours to me, a dry aching stretch of time; I had no tears to shed! + +At some time in the afternoon Mrs. Joel brought me a flower and a note +from my husband, beseeching me to keep up a brave heart, and assuring +me that he was all right and as comfortable as was possible under the +circumstances. + +After the death sentence had been pronounced and the Court dismissed, +Mrs. Joel, with woman's thoughtfulness, put a flask of brandy in her +pocket and started for the prison. In the confusion of receiving the +prisoners she managed to slip in and went at once to the condemned +cell. Her visit was a God-send to the four unhappy men, who were much +worn by months of anxiety, ill-health, and this final strain of the +death sentence. They were bearing up wonderfully well, she said. + +One of the lawyers came and sat at the end of my sofa. He burst into +tears. 'We've been played! we've been played!' he exclaimed, with +vehemence. Remembering how the lawyers for the Reformers had muddled +everything from the beginning of the trial, how they had +conscientiously and persistently walked into every trap laid for them, +I sat upright to look squarely into his face. 'My God! when haven't +you been played?' + +The effect of the death sentence on Johannesburg was extreme: all +shops and the Stock Exchange were closed, and the flags of the town +were placed at half mast. + +This, from the 'Standard and Diggers' News'--a tribute from the +enemy's paper--goes to my heart:-- + +'One respects the probity of the man who, dangerously ill and totally +unfit for the hardship of a prison, preferred to take his stand in the +dock, rather than sacrifice his self-respect by flight from Cape Town; +Mr. Hammond has worthily upheld the reputation of a nation which +claims its sons as men who "never run away."' + +It was decided by the Executive this same night to commute the death +sentence, but this was not communicated to the condemned men until the +following morning. The night of suspense passed under the eye of the +death watch with a dim light burning was a needless cruelty; it made +the President's subsequent magnanimity more dramatic, but with that I +naturally felt no sympathy. + +I have often been asked since if I did not realise that the Boers +would never have _dared_ execute my husband? And many dear friends who +were thousands of miles away assure me now that they never had a +moment's real apprehension for his safety. We however, who were in +Pretoria, at the time, a helpless handful in the power of a primitive +population of narrow experience, a people inflamed by long years of +racial feud and recent victory, were by no means so sure that all +would end well. Two prominent men, standing high in authority, +confessed to me later that they were most anxious and fearful of +results, although at the time their sustaining support helped to keep +my body and soul together. _The gallows was prepared, and the order +was to hang the four victims simultaneously_. + +The night following the sentence, Mr. Chapin, the U.S. Consul, and his +wife came to me. They were then and for months afterwards as tender +and faithful as people of my own kindred. Mr. Chapin was tireless in +his efforts in behalf of the Americans in trouble, and the high +personal regard in which he was held by the Boer, as well as +Uitlander, did much subsequently to ameliorate their circumstances. +Mr. Chapin at once interviewed Mr. Wessels, chief advocate for the +Reformers--and he told me immediately after the interview the result +of their meeting. Mr. Wessels distinctly said that, although it was +not put in writing, it was understood between the State Attorney and +himself 'as between man and man' that if the prisoners pleaded guilty +he would not press for severe punishment. (Mr. Wessels has since, for +reasons only known to himself, denied this both privately and +publicly.) + +APRIL 29.--The commutation was published. Mrs. George Farrar had come +from Johannesburg, and together we went to see our husbands. Our visit +was limited to five minutes. We found the four men haggard, but +apparently cheerful. The condemned cell had an earthen floor. It had +been newly whitewashed and reeked of antiseptics. Four canvas +stretchers, a tin pail filled with water, and a dipper, furnished it. +A negro murderer had been its last occupant. I sat on one of the +canvas cots with an arm around my husband and holding Colonel Rhodes' +hand. Mrs. Farrar was sitting on the opposite cot, locked in her +husband's embrace. The guard came to order us out. Poor Mrs. Farrar +looked so frail and white, I put my arm about her to give her support. +In the courtyard we stopped to speak to one of the Reformers. The +guard became furious, and, swinging his arms in a threatening manner, +rushed at us with curses. We were driven violently out of the yard +like depredating dogs. Surely the sun never looked upon two women in +sadder case. She was just up from her confinement, and I was far +advanced in pregnancy. + + + + +XII + + +No cable of political purport could be sent from Pretoria safe from +mutilation. I therefore despatched Mr. Hammond's secretary to Cape +Town with a message to the American press, reporting Mr. Wessels' plea +for the Reformers, the statement of the four leaders, and the +sentence. I did this, believing that, if the American public fully +understood the circumstances of the case, popular sympathy would allow +no stone to remain unturned to protect their unfortunate countryman +from so violent and unjust a sentence. + +Pretoria seethed with overwrought wives. In the prison the men were +suffering real hardship. The sanitary arrangements were shocking. +Twenty-two Reformers were crowded into a room thirty feet by ten. +This room had been hastily built of corrugated iron, and leaked at +every seam. Draughts were strong enough to blow the hair about their +temples; the men slept on straw mattresses laid on the floor, and +there was scarcely room enough for a man to get out of bed without +stepping on his neighbour. Rations of mealie pap--a coarse, insipid +porridge--with a hunk of hard, dark-coloured bread were given to each +prisoner in tin pannikins--not particularly clean. At mid-day a little +greasy soup and soup meat were added. This unsavoury fare caused many +of the Reformers to go hungry rather than eat it. Others ate it, but +their stomach afterwards rejected it. They were locked in the cells at +5 o'clock and without lights. Prison regulations were most strict at +this period. + +Mr. S., one of the Reformers, had the misfortune to have his teeth +drawn a short while before the trial. A new set was completed the day +after his incarceration, and although his friends used every effort +to convince the jailers of the perfect harmlessness of these false +teeth, and explained Mr. S.'s painful predicament in being without +them when he had nothing but hard food to chew, they insisted upon +considering them contraband, and would not allow them to pass. Poor +Mr. S. lived for three days on a half-tin of condensed milk, smuggled +in by the wife of a fellow-prisoner. The world has never seen such +wholesale smuggling as was practised by these devoted women. Mrs. +Solly Joel as she passed daily through the prison gate was a complete +buttery. The crown of her hat was filled with cigars; suspended from +her waist, under her dainty summer silk skirt, hung a bottle of cream. +Tied to her back by way of a bustle was a brace of duck, or a roasted +fowl wrapped neatly in linen. She said this gave her a slightly +out-of-date appearance, but she did not mind that. Under her cape Mrs. +Clement wore a good-sized Bologna sausage around her waist as a belt; +this was in time adroitly removed by Mr. Clement. Another lady +supplied the prisoners with tins of sardines and beef essence, which +she carried concealed in her stockings. Occasional vagaries on the +part of these affectionate wives were subsequently explained to the +complete satisfaction of their captive lords. Mrs. Butters' coyness +and refusal to be embraced because of the flask of coffee in her bosom +is an instance of this. All this sounds very funny now, but it was +desperately earnest work then. In time the stringent rules relaxed. +The prisoners were allowed to buy their own food, and Mr. Advocate +Sauer made the same arrangement with the Pretoria Club to supply food +for the Reformers as had been done during their former imprisonment. +Those were boom times for little Pretoria. Hotel-keepers and tradesmen +coined money, and the cab-drivers were able to open an account with +the bank. + +Mrs. Lionel Phillips closed up her beautiful home in Johannesburg, +sent her babies to her people at the Cape, and took permanent lodgings +in Pretoria. She was most faithful in her visits to the prison, and +was kind to the three room-mates of her husband in many ways. + + + + +XIII + + +My diary continues through May: + +FIRST WEEK.--Petitions in favour of the Reformers are being signed all +over the country. All feeling against the Reform Committee has veered +round, and the strongest sympathy is now felt for them. Only the +extreme of the Boer and Hollander factions chant the old story of +their trying to subvert the Government--conniving with Jameson, and +then deserting him, &c., &c. + +Landdrost Schutte and Captain Shields quarrel over who shall have +charge of the jail. Apparently it is an appointment of honour, or +large emolument. + +Gregorowski is publicly hooted on his return to Bloemfontein. I hear +that as soon as Gregorowski had pronounced the death sentence, Judge +Morice dashed from the Court-room and ran hatless through the streets +of Pretoria to withdraw Gregorowski's name, which had been put up at +the Club, at his request. This is a sample of the feeling among +honourable men. Judge Morice is a Burgher and a prominent Judge of the +Transvaal Court. The Jury of Burghers called for the final trial, +which was never empanelled, were greatly surprised and affected by the +fearful sentence--some of them wept like children. And they were the +first to draw up a petition for commutation. + +Prisoners are still wearing their own clothes, although it is said +that enough jumpers of prison sacking are waiting to breech the lot. +They suffer severely from cold and dampness, the prison accommodations +offering little or no protection from the weather. Many of them are +ill. There is talk of separating the Reformers and sending them to +jail in various districts--Barberton, Rustenburg, and Lydenburg. This +threat causes much apprehension, for their one solace is being +together. + +Rumour of English troops gathering on the Border. + +President Kruger and the High Commissioner exchanging opinion over the +uneasiness. Kruger calls out, 'I see Bugaboos in your front yard,' and +Sir Hercules responds, 'Oh no; that's our tame cat.' + +Petitions come in from the country districts of the Transvaal. From +Durban and Pietermaritzburg, with over a thousand signatures, from +Lorenco Marques, a second from Durban, and one from the Orange Free +State, expressing sympathy and the hopes of President Steyn. + +Natal sends a petition signed by 4,000 Burghers. + +The sentences are commuted, but nobody knows to what. + +General Joubert is sent off with a ten days' leave of absence to take +his annual bath. + +Messrs. Rose Lines and Solomon visit the jail daily. + +SECOND WEEK.--In spite of hardships my dear husband's health improves. +He vows the death sentence has cured him. From day to day we are +promised a final decision from the Executive, but matters are still +drifting. Nothing will probably be done in this direction until +General Joubert returns to Pretoria, as he is one of the members of +the Executive Council. It is suggested to me by one of the Government +circle that a visit from me to Mr. Kruger would be timely. All which I +wished to say I would not be allowed to say, and just to pay an +aimless visit seemed a foolish thing to do, and, being outspoken, I +said so. A friend in whom I had implicit confidence advised me to go +by all means. I was possibly being used as a political pivot. After +some delay I did go, splattering through the mud in a wheezy old cab +behind a splayfooted white horse driven by a hunchbacked negro boy. +The interview lasted five minutes, and was perfectly meaningless. I +suppose it was meant to be that. Ten fathoms down under many other +things I could see that Kruger had strong heart qualities. Educated +and morally matured, he would be one of those grand characters who +make epochs in the world's history. We shook hands at parting and went +out of each other's lives for ever. + +Mr. G. told me, as he helped me into the cab at the door, that Mr. +Kruger had received a cable from America in my husband's behalf, +signed by the Vice-President and a large number of the Senate and +House of Representatives. This information opened my eyes. I now saw +why a visit from me would be 'timely.' + +Within an hour news was cabled by _some one_ to all parts of the +civilised world that the wife of the American prisoner, John Hays +Hammond, had received audience of the President of the Transvaal. 'The +interview was of long duration. What transpired was of a private +character, but it is believed to be very hopeful and satisfactory.' + +THIRD WEEK.--Delays, shiftings, postponements, delays with excuses, +and delays without excuses. Each day strong petitions sent in to the +Executive. A continual stream of disheartened wives and friends on +their way to the Presidency, many going in the early dawn, as the +President--an early riser and of simple habit--was known then to be +easy of access. A pitiful picture lingers in my mind of a dozen +Reformers' wives in the deep golden yellow of an African sunrise +sitting on the edge of the broad side-walk with their feet in the dust +waiting for the President to return from burying a Landdrost's wife. I +cannot remember that Mr. Kruger made any specific promises. 'All shall +come right,' he said frequently. 'Wait; don't hurry me. I must go +slow, or my Burghers will get out of hand.' We waited, and the men +inside of the prison walls one after another sickened and lost heart. + +On May 12, Dr. Messum sent the following report in to the Landdrost:-- + +Dear Sir,--I have, on the 29th and 30th April, written to the +Inspector of Jails about the state of the jail. I do not know if I am +to report to you or to the Inspector of Jails; in any case, I have the +honour again to report that as yet no alteration has been made in the +sheds in which the political prisoners are kept. I must repeat again +that they are too small and unhealthy for the number of prisoners +placed in them. I find now, on account of their immediate vicinity to +the native section, that vermin is beginning to trouble the political +prisoners. There are amongst the political prisoners very old and +sickly men, whose lives, on account of the insufficient accommodation, +are placed in danger. There is not yet any proper hospital room for +the sick, who are thus obliged to remain amongst the others. I find +that the accommodation is very insanitary and unhealthy. + +About the prisoner F. Gray I wish to make special mention, because he +is showing signs of developing melancholia (lunacy), caused by the +uncertainty of the future and what he has gone through during the last +few months. + +I also fear that he later on will develop suicidal tendencies. I would +recommend that his sentence should be taken into immediate +consideration, and to discharge him at once from the jail. + + I have the honour to be, etc., + GORDON MESSUM, M.D., + _District Surgeon_. + +Unfortunately this report was not considered, and on the 16th day of +May poor Gray, distraught by his sufferings, cut his throat. + +Mr. Fred Gray was a man of high business standing. He was married, and +the father of six children. His tragic death was a shock to every one. +Johannesburg turned out in a body ten thousand strong to carry his +remains to the burial-place. Inside the jail, his fellow prisoners had +formed in procession and with uncovered heads followed the body as far +as the prison gates, the limit of their freedom, not a man with dry +eyes. + +_The first prisoner was liberated_. + +FOURTH WEEK.--The decision still withheld. President Kruger excuses +this by saying it is due to the fact that only half the captive +Randites have signed the petition for commuting the banishment and +imprisonment clauses to fines. + +The suspense is heartbreaking, and night brings no forgetfulness. +Those long voiceless nights of South Africa! Not a bird's call, nor a +chirp from the tiny creatures which hide in the grass. A white moon, a +wide heaven filled with strange stars, and the tall moon-flowers at +the gate lifting up their mute white trumpets to the night wind. + +The little boy beside me rouses from his sleep to ask:--'Mother dear, +why do you laugh and shake the bed so?' + +Fearing an illness, I yearned for a last interview with my husband. It +was a Saturday that I went to Pretoria, and although the prison was +supposed to be closed on that day to visitors, I had several times +gained admittance through the kindness of those in authority. I went +to the Landdrost who had the dispensing of permits. + +'Will you please make an exception in my favour and allow me to see my +husband? I am ill, and must return to my home in Johannesburg at +once.' + +'What does she say?' roared the Landdrost, who for some reason was in +a furious temper. He turned to a Boer in the room. 'Tell her she may +whine as much as she pleases, she can't see her husband on Saturday. +_Nobody_ can go in the prison on Saturday. If she wants to see her +husband she must wait until next Monday!' The man turned fiercely +towards me, but seeing my patient face, or perhaps for the sake of +some Boer woman on a distant farm, his voice broke, and became quite +gentle as he delivered the message. + +With one exception this was the only time I ever received harsh +treatment from a Boer official. Of course I sometimes met with a +_strictness of manner_ which was to be expected, and which I was quite +prepared to submit to. Brutal unkindness I never experienced but +twice. + +Reaching the jail, whither I had directed the cabman to drive me, I +found Advocate Sauer and Mr. Du Plessis standing at the gate. They +almost dropped at sight of my face. Dignity had deserted me. I was +actually howling in my distress, + +'Please, _please_ let me in to my husband!' + +Du Plessis, rough and violent as he was to most people, was always +kind to me. He opened the wicket and pushed me gently through. That +was his answer. My sudden entrance, a ball of a woman with the tears +dripping down on to her breast, surprised the warders. They regarded +me with stricken faces. One at last rallied. With his eyes still +fastened upon me, he called, + +'Mister H-a-m-mond, Mister H-a-m-mond, your missis is here!' and my +husband came rapidly across the yard. + +I went home to my bed. Dr. Murray came in charge. + +'Poor little woman! There is nothing to prescribe but oblivion in a +case like this.' He ordered narcotics. Two weeks later I was told that +I had been dangerously ill. In that darkened room I had suspected my +jeopardy. Surely there is a special place in heaven for mothers who +die unwillingly. + +From distant parts of the world kind letters came to me--and from +Johannesburg messages, sweet, with full-hearted sympathy--many of +these from people whom I had never seen, nor ever shall in this life. +I found friends in the days of my trouble, as precious as rare jewels, +whom I shall wear on my heart until it stops its beating. + +The Government most generously allowed my husband to come to my +bedside. He was accompanied by the chief jailer, Du Plessis. He wore +some violets in his buttonhole, I remember, which the jailer's child +had given him. Mr. Du Plessis asked to see me. He had news to tell me +which would cheer me up, he said. Brought to my bedside, all he could +say, and he said it over and over again in his embarrassment, was: + +'Don't be unhappy; your husband won't be many years in prison.' + +This did not bring the cheer intended. Playing the part of guest was +irksome to Du Plessis. He went home to Pretoria the second +day--leaving Mr. Hammond, who was not on parole, or even under bail, +entirely free. No point in my husband's career has ever given me so +entire a sense of gratification as the confidence in his honour thus +manifested by the Boer Government. In my convalescence he returned to +Pretoria and gave himself up at the prison. + +'You might have waited another day,' said the warder in charge; 'we +don't need you yet.' + + + + +XIV + + +One day the 'Star' (in a third edition) announced the great decision +was at last concluded. The sixty-three Reformers were to be divided +into four groups and sentenced in lots. Ten were to be liberated +because of ill-health. Some were to be imprisoned twelve months, +others five, and still others three months. The four leaders were +sentenced to fifteen years' imprisonment, which, if carried out, was +equivalent to death. However, this sentence was provisional, and it +was understood petitions would be entertained. + +This news was first taken into the jail by two wives who had outrun +the messenger. My husband says that when he saw Mrs. X. throw herself +weeping and speechless into her husband's arms, he thought 'it was all +up with him.' + +X. wasn't half the offender he was, and the sentence was evidently +something too dreadful to tell. Mr. X. was one of the three months' +men, I believe. + +These sentences, although unpopular, relieved to a certain extent the +awful strain. But what was Johannesburg's wrath to hear two days later +that the sentences were not for the periods mentioned, _but that at +the expiration of these periods the prisoners could make fresh +applications to be again considered!_ This was juggling with human +souls! Everybody believed it to be the work of Dr. Leyds. A man more +execrated than Dr. Leyds, I believe, does not live! + +Three more weeks of cruel suspense followed. + +Mr. Chamberlain continued to tumble down the Boer back stairs head +over heels, yelling out excuses as he descended. He publicly denied on +the 29th that Great Britain had promised to protect the Reformers, +and added that they were not being unfairly treated. I will never make +statesmen of my sons. I'd rather set them to ploughing. + +Mark Twain came to the Rand. He visited the men at Pretoria. My +husband did the honours of the prison, and introduced him to the +Reformers. He talked a long while to them, sitting on a dry goods box. +Expressed his satisfaction at finding only one journalist in the +crowd, and no surprise that the lawyers were largely represented. He +assured them that they were to be congratulated and envied, although +they did not know it. There was no place one was so safe from +interruption as in a jail. He recalled to their minds Cervantes and +Columbus--it was an honour to share captivity with such men as these. + +They have sent another member of the Executive away to the baths, and +later his absence will be given as an excuse for delay. + +MAY 30.--All the Reformers with the exception of Davies and Sampson, +and the four leaders, are released after paying ten thousand dollars +each, and giving their oath to abstain in future from discussing or +participating in Transvaal politics. + + +JUNE.--Meetings are called by the labourers on the Rand. They send a +monster petition to Pretoria. The miners and mechanics also send a +petition. The famous Innes petition is being circulated all over South +Africa, and the mayors of all the large towns are preparing to go in a +body to Pretoria to present their petitions for the release of the +leaders. The President promises and postpones from day to day. The +retention of the leaders is acknowledged to be only a question of the +amount of fine. + +An influential deputation from the Cape Town branch of the Africander +Bond wait upon President Kruger, and a petition signed by sixty +members of the Cape Parliament is read to him. Another deputation +comes from the Chamber of Commerce. The Mayor of Durban forwards +through the Colonial Secretary a petition bearing 1,250 names, and the +Kimberley branch of the Bond send a petition. Nothing comes of it all. +The President appoints the 7th to be a day of humiliation and prayer, +and Dr. Leyds doubles his bodyguard. + +JUNE 10.--The whole of South Africa is appealing to President Kruger +to let the leaders free. The entire white population--two millions of +people--give voice to this desire and hope of United South Africa. One +hundred and fifty mayors, representing 200 towns and many of the rural +districts, are in Pretoria waiting for audience with the Executive +Council. + +This evening, Thursday, June 11, the leaders were given their liberty +after paying each a fine of 125,000 dollars, and taking an oath to +abstain from taking part in the politics of the Transvaal. Colonel +Rhodes refused, being an English officer, to take the oath, and was +banished, not to appear again in the Transvaal, under pain of death. + +The Executive then politely announced its decision to receive the +Mayoral delegates on _Saturday morning_ next. Perhaps the Mayors were +not mad! Some of these men had trekked for days in ox-wagons before +reaching the railroad to take train for Pretoria. A large banquet was +given in their honour. They insisted upon the liberated leaders being +invited as guests--but those criminals, leaders, and instigators did +not attend, deeming it injudicious under the circumstances. + +My husband flew to me, who am still kept indoors. He came with a light +in his face I had not seen for months. 'We are free!' + +JUNE 12.--This is a gala day in Johannesburg. Everybody is +joyous--Kruger's name is cheered everywhere. Several thousand people +were at the station to receive the leaders. Messrs. Phillips and +Farrar were the only two left of the four to step off the train. They +were caught up shoulder-high and carried by the crowd. Cheers rent the +air. The horses were unyoked from their victoria, and willing hands +grasped the shafts; and like returning conquerors, instead of +criminals, these instigators were dragged triumphantly down the heart +of the town followed by a vociferous multitude. + +As the invited guests of Cape Colony we travelled on a special train +to Cape Town--by 'we,' I mean a dozen or two Reformers with their +families. The heartfelt ringing cheers as we pulled out of the station +I can never forget. The cheers again at Bloemfontein and the strangers +who came forward to shake hands and congratulate have enriched my +life. One man at a way station in the Free State rode up shouting: + +'Where is the American, John Hays Hammond?' My husband came forward. +'Mr. Hammond, I have come miles from an ostrich farm to shake hands +with you. You are a white man, and Americans are proud of you!' + +The Mayor of Cape Town received us, and dear friends were there to +tell us with brimming eyes of their joy in our release. + + + + +XV + + +Those good people who have followed me thus far will see that a +woman's part in a revolution is a very poor part to play. There is +little hazard and no glory in it. + +The day we made Southampton, as we stood, a number of Reformers and +Reformers' wives, on the 'Norham's' deck, one of the gentlemen who had +come to welcome us asked: + +'Mrs. Hammond, what did _you_ do in the revolution?' + +'She helped us bear our trouble,' said Lionel Phillips, and his words +were sweet praise to my ears. + +A few weeks later, in my lovely English home, a third son was born to +us. There was something very appropriate in this child of war-times +being first consigned to the professional arms of a Miss Gunn. + +'He is perfect,' were his father's first words to me as he leaned over +the new-born infant, and every mother will know all that meant to me. + + + Printed by + Spottiswoode and Co., New-Street Square + London + + + + + + + MESSRS. LONGMANS, GREEN, & CO.'S + CLASSIFIED CATALOGUE + OF + WORKS IN GENERAL LITERATURE + +History, Politics, Polity, Political Memoirs, &c. + + +Abbott.--A HISTORY OF GREECE. By EVELYN ABBOTT, M.A., LL.D. Part + I.--From the Earliest Times to the Ionian Revolt. Crown 8vo., 10s. + 6d. Part II.--500-445 B.C. Cr. 8vo., 10s. 6d. + +Acland and Ransome.--A HANDBOOK IN OUTLINE OF THE POLITICAL HISTORY + OF ENGLAND TO 1894. Chronologically Arranged. By A.H. DYKE ACLAND, + M.P., and CYRIL RANSOME, M.A. Crown 8vo., 6s. + +ANNUAL REGISTER (THE). 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