diff options
| author | Roger Frank <rfrank@pglaf.org> | 2025-10-15 04:45:03 -0700 |
|---|---|---|
| committer | Roger Frank <rfrank@pglaf.org> | 2025-10-15 04:45:03 -0700 |
| commit | 4ba4a018c31407f604a7a42efad8c38d0e5ac0c4 (patch) | |
| tree | 5c01f1b7d4f6bf76128bacd6e38f31c60af4f4d1 /old/14667-h | |
Diffstat (limited to 'old/14667-h')
| -rw-r--r-- | old/14667-h/14667-h.htm | 4875 |
1 files changed, 4875 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/old/14667-h/14667-h.htm b/old/14667-h/14667-h.htm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..c15dbc5 --- /dev/null +++ b/old/14667-h/14667-h.htm @@ -0,0 +1,4875 @@ +<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" + "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> + +<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> +<head> + <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" + content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" /> + + <title>A Christmas Garland, by Max Beerbohm.</title> + <style type="text/css"> + /*<![CDATA[*/ + + <!-- + body {margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%;} + p {text-align: justify;} + blockquote {text-align: justify;} + h1,h2,h3,h4 {text-align: center;} + + hr {text-align: center; width: 50%;} + html>body hr {margin-right: 25%; margin-left: 25%; width: 50%;} + hr.full {width: 100%;} + html>body hr.full {margin-right: 0%; margin-left: 0%; width: 100%;} + hr.short {text-align: center; width: 20%;} + html>body hr.short {margin-right: 40%; margin-left: 40%; width: 20%;} + + .note + {margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%; font-size: 0.9em;} + + .poem + {margin-left:10%; margin-right:10%; margin-bottom: 1em; text-align: left;} + .poem .stanza {margin: 1em 0em 1em 0em;} + .poem p {margin: 0; padding-left: 3em; text-indent: -3em;} + .poem p.i2 {margin-left: 1em;} + .poem p.i4 {margin-left: 2em;} + .poem p.i6 {margin-left: 3em;} + .poem p.i8 {margin-left: 4em;} + .poem p.i10 {margin-left: 5em;} + + .footnote {font-size: 0.9em; margin-right: 10%; margin-left: 10%;} + + p.author {text-align: right; margin-right:10%;} + --> + /*]]>*/ + </style> +</head> + +<body> + + +<pre> + +The Project Gutenberg EBook of A Christmas Garland, by Max Beerbohm + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: A Christmas Garland + +Author: Max Beerbohm + +Release Date: January 11, 2005 [EBook #14667] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK A CHRISTMAS GARLAND *** + + + + +Produced by Suzanne Shell, William Flis, and the Online Distributed +Proofreading Team. + + + + + + +</pre> + + <h1>A CHRISTMAS GARLAND</h1> + + <h3><i>woven</i></h3> + + <h3><i>by</i> MAX BEERBOHM</h3> + + <center> + LONDON MCMXXI + </center> + + <center> + WILLIAM HEINEMANN + </center> + + <center> + First printed, October, 1912. + </center> + + <center> + New Impressions, October, 1912; December, 1912; December, + 1912; July, 1918; September, 1918; March, 1931. + </center> + + <center> + Copyright, 1912. + </center> + + <h4>BY THE SAME AUTHOR</h4> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>THE WORKS OF MAX BEERBOHM</p> + + <p>MORE</p> + + <p>YET AGAIN</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p>A CHRISTMAS GARLAND</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p>THE HAPPY HYPOCRITE</p> + + <p>ZULIEKA DOBSON</p> + + <p>SEVEN MEN</p> + + <p>AND EVEN NOW</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p>CARICATURES OF TWENTY-FIVE GENTLEMEN</p> + + <p>THE POETS' CORNER</p> + + <p>THE SECOND CHILDHOOD OF JOHN BULL</p> + + <p>A BOOK OF CARICATURES</p> + + <p>FIFTY CARICATURES</p> + </div> + </div> + + <h3>NOTE</h3> + + <p><i>Stevenson, in one of his essays, tells us how he "played + the sedulous ape" to Hazlitt, Sir Thomas Browne, Montaigne, and + other writers of the past. And the compositors of all our + higher-toned newspapers keep the foregoing sentence set up in + type always, so constantly does it come tripping off the pens + of all higher-toned reviewers. Nor ever do I read it without a + fresh thrill of respect for the young Stevenson. I, in my own + very inferior boyhood, found it hard to revel in so much as a + single page of any writer earlier than Thackeray. This + disability I did not shake off, alas, after I left school. + There seemed to be so many live authors worth reading. I gave + precedence to them, and, not being much of a reader, never had + time to grapple with the old masters. Meanwhile, I was already + writing a little on my own account. I had had some sort of + aptitude for Latin prose and Latin verse. I wondered often + whether those two things, essential though they were (and are) + to the making of a decent style in English prose, sufficed for + the making of a style more than decent. I felt that I must have + other models. And thus I acquired the habit of aping, now and + again, quite sedulously, this or that live + writer—sometimes, it must be admitted, in the hope of + learning rather what to avoid. I acquired, too, the habit of + publishing these patient little efforts. Some of them appeared + in "The Saturday Review" many years ago; others appeared there + more recently. I have selected, by kind permission of the + Editor, one from the earlier lot, and seven from the later. The + other nine in this book are printed for the first time. The + book itself may be taken as a sign that I think my own style + is, at length, more or less formed.</i></p> + + <p class="author"><i>M.B.</i></p> + + <p><i>Rapallo</i>, 1912.</p> + + <h3>CONTENTS</h3> + + <p><a href="#mote">THE MOTE IN THE MIDDLE DISTANCE, H*NRY + J*M*S</a></p> + + <p><a href="#pc">P.C., X, 36, R*D**RD K*PL*NG</a></p> + + <p><a href="#out">OUT OF HARM'S WAY, A.C. B*NS*N</a></p> + + <p><a href="#perkins">PERKINS AND MANKIND, H.G. W*LLS</a></p> + + <p><a href="#some">SOME DAMNABLE ERRORS ABOUT CHRISTMAS, G.K. + CH*ST*RT*N</a></p> + + <p><a href="#sequelula">A SEQUELULA TO "THE DYNASTS", TH*M*S + H*RDY</a></p> + + <p><a href="#shakespeare">SHAKESPEARE AND CHRISTMAS, FR*NK + H*RR*S</a></p> + + <p><a href="#scruts">SCRUTS, ARN*LD B*NN*TT</a></p> + + <p><a href="#endeavour">ENDEAVOUR, J*HN G*LSW*RTHY</a></p> + + <p><a href="#christmas">CHRISTMAS, G.S. STR**T</a></p> + + <p><a href="#feast">THE FEAST, J*S*PH C*NR*D</a></p> + + <p><a href="#recollection">A RECOLLECTION, EDM*ND G*SSE</a></p> + + <p><a href="#of">OF CHRISTMAS, H*L**RE B*LL*C</a></p> + + <p><a href="#straight">A STRAIGHT TALK, G**RG* B*RN*RD + SH*W</a></p> + + <p><a href="#fond">FOND HEARTS ASKEW, M**R*CE H*WL*TT</a></p> + + <p><a href="#dickens">DICKENS, G**RGE M**RE</a></p> + + <p><a href="#euphemia">EUPHEMIA CLASHTHOUGHT, G**RGE + M*R*D*TH</a></p><a name="mote" + id="mote"></a> + + <h2>THE MOTE IN THE MIDDLE DISTANCE</h2> + + <h4><i>By</i></h4> + + <h3>H*NRY J*M*S</h3> + + <p>It was with the sense of a, for him, very memorable + something that he peered now into the immediate future, and + tried, not without compunction, to take that period up where he + had, prospectively, left it. But just where the deuce + <i>had</i> he left it? The consciousness of dubiety was, for + our friend, not, this morning, quite yet clean-cut enough to + outline the figures on what she had called his "horizon," + between which and himself the twilight was indeed of a quality + somewhat intimidating. He had run up, in the course of time, + against a good number of "teasers;" and the function of teasing + them back—of, as it were, giving them, every now and + then, "what for"—was in him so much a habit that he would + have been at a loss had there been, on the face of it, nothing + to lose. Oh, he always had offered rewards, of course—had + ever so liberally pasted the windows of his soul with staring + appeals, minute descriptions, promises that knew no bounds. But + the actual recovery of the article—the business of + drawing and crossing the cheque, blotched though this were with + tears of joy—had blankly appeared to him rather in the + light of a sacrilege, casting, he sometimes felt, a palpable + chill on the fervour of the next quest. It was just this + fervour that was threatened as, raising himself on his elbow, + he stared at the foot of his bed. That his eyes refused to rest + there for more than the fraction of an instant, may be + taken—<i>was</i>, even then, taken by Keith + Tantalus—as a hint of his recollection that after all the + phenomenon wasn't to be singular. Thus the exact repetition, at + the foot of Eva's bed, of the shape pendulous at the foot of + <i>his</i> was hardly enough to account for the fixity with + which he envisaged it, and for which he was to find, some years + later, a motive in the (as it turned out) hardly generous fear + that Eva had already made the great investigation "on her own." + Her very regular breathing presently reassured him that, if she + <i>had</i> peeped into "her" stocking, she must have done so in + sleep. Whether he should wake her now, or wait for their nurse + to wake them both in due course, was a problem presently solved + by a new development. It was plain that his sister was now + watching him between her eyelashes. He had half expected that. + She really was—he had often told her that she really + was—magnificent; and her magnificence was never more + obvious than in the pause that elapsed before she all of a + sudden remarked "They so very indubitably <i>are</i>, you + know!"</p> + + <p>It occurred to him as befitting Eva's remoteness, which was + a part of Eva's magnificence, that her voice emerged somewhat + muffled by the bedclothes. She was ever, indeed, the most + telephonic of her sex. In talking to Eva you always had, as it + were, your lips to the receiver. If you didn't try to meet her + fine eyes, it was that you simply couldn't hope to: there were + too many dark, too many buzzing and bewildering and all frankly + not negotiable leagues in between. Snatches of other voices + seemed often to intertrude themselves in the parley; and your + loyal effort not to overhear these was complicated by your fear + of missing what Eva might be twittering. "Oh, you certainly + haven't, my dear, the trick of propinquity!" was a thrust she + had once parried by saying that, in that case, <i>he</i> + hadn't—to which his unspoken rejoinder that she had + caught her tone from the peevish young women at the Central + seemed to him (if not perhaps in the last, certainly in the + last but one, analysis) to lack finality. With Eva, he had + found, it was always safest to "ring off." It was with a + certain sense of his rashness in the matter, therefore, that he + now, with an air of feverishly "holding the line," said "Oh, as + to that!"</p> + + <p>Had <i>she</i>, he presently asked himself, "rung off"? It + was characteristic of our friend—was indeed "him all + over"—that his fear of what she was going to say was as + nothing to his fear of what she might be going to leave unsaid. + He had, in his converse with her, been never so conscious as + now of the intervening leagues; they had never so insistently + beaten the drum of his ear; and he caught himself in the act of + awfully computing, with a certain statistical passion, the + distance between Rome and Boston. He has never been able to + decide which of these points he was psychically the nearer to + at the moment when Eva, replying "Well, one does, anyhow, leave + a margin for the pretext, you know!" made him, for the first + time in his life, wonder whether she were not more magnificent + than even he had ever given her credit for being. Perhaps it + was to test this theory, or perhaps merely to gain time, that + he now raised himself to his knees, and, leaning with + outstretched arm towards the foot of his bed, made as though to + touch the stocking which Santa Claus had, overnight, left + dangling there. His posture, as he stared obliquely at Eva, + with a sort of beaming defiance, recalled to him something seen + in an "illustration." This reminiscence, however—if such + it was, save in the scarred, the poor dear old woebegone and so + very beguilingly <i>not</i> refractive mirror of the + moment—took a peculiar twist from Eva's behaviour. She + had, with startling suddenness, sat bolt upright, and looked to + him as if she were overhearing some tragedy at the other end of + the wire, where, in the nature of things, she was unable to + arrest it. The gaze she fixed on her extravagant kinsman was of + a kind to make him wonder how he contrived to remain, as he + beautifully did, rigid. His prop was possibly the reflection + that flashed on him that, if <i>she</i> abounded in + attenuations, well, hang it all, so did <i>he</i>! It was + simply a difference of plane. Readjust the "values," as + painters say, and there you were! He was to feel that he was + only too crudely "there" when, leaning further forward, he laid + a chubby forefinger on the stocking, causing that receptacle to + rock ponderously to and fro. This effect was more expected than + the tears which started to Eva's eyes, and the intensity with + which "Don't you," she exclaimed, "see?"</p> + + <p>"The mote in the middle distance?" he asked. "Did you ever, + my dear, know me to see anything else? I tell you it blocks out + everything. It's a cathedral, it's a herd of elephants, it's + the whole habitable globe. Oh, it's, believe me, of an + obsessiveness!" But his sense of the one thing it <i>didn't</i> + block out from his purview enabled him to launch at Eva a + speculation as to just how far Santa Claus had, for the + particular occasion, gone. The gauge, for both of them, of this + seasonable distance seemed almost blatantly suspended in the + silhouettes of the two stockings. Over and above the basis of + (presumably) sweetmeats in the toes and heels, certain + extrusions stood for a very plenary fulfilment of desire. And, + since Eva had set her heart on a doll of ample proportions and + practicable eyelids—had asked that most admirable of her + sex, their mother, for it with not less directness than he + himself had put into his demand for a sword and + helmet—her coyness now struck Keith as lying near to, at + indeed a hardly measurable distance from, the border-line of + his patience. If she didn't want the doll, why the deuce had + she made such a point of getting it? He was perhaps on the + verge of putting this question to her, when, waving her hand to + include both stockings, she said "Of course, my dear, you + <i>do</i> see. There they are, and you know I know you know we + wouldn't, either of us, dip a finger into them." With a + vibrancy of tone that seemed to bring her voice quite close to + him, "One doesn't," she added, "violate the shrine—pick + the pearl from the shell!"</p> + + <p>Even had the answering question "Doesn't one just?" which + for an instant hovered on the tip of his tongue, been uttered, + it could not have obscured for Keith the change which her + magnificence had wrought in him. Something, perhaps, of the + bigotry of the convert was already discernible in the way that, + averting his eyes, he said "One doesn't even peer." As to + whether, in the years that have elapsed since he said this + either of our friends (now adult) has, in fact, "peered," is a + question which, whenever I call at the house, I am tempted to + put to one or other of them. But any regret I may feel in my + invariable failure to "come up to the scratch" of yielding to + this temptation is balanced, for me, by my impression—my + sometimes all but throned and anointed certainty—that the + answer, if vouchsafed, would be in the + negative.</p><a name="pc" + id="pc"></a> + + <h2>P.C., X, 36</h2> + + <h4><i>By</i></h4> + + <h3>R*D**RD K*PL*NG</h3> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>Then it's collar 'im tight,</p> + + <p class="i2">In the name o' the Lawd!</p> + + <p>'Ustle 'im, shake 'im till 'e's sick!</p> + + <p class="i2">Wot, 'e <i>would</i>, would 'e? Well,</p> + + <p class="i2">Then yer've got ter give 'im 'Ell,</p> + + <p>An' it's trunch, trunch, truncheon does the + trick</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p class="author">POLICE STATION DITTIES.</p> + + <p>I had spent Christmas Eve at the Club, listening to a grand + pow-wow between certain of the choicer sons of Adam. Then + Slushby had cut in. Slushby is one who writes to newspapers and + is theirs obediently "HUMANITARIAN." When Slushby cuts in, men + remember they have to be up early next morning.</p> + + <p>Sharp round a corner on the way home, I collided with + something firmer than the regulation pillar-box. I righted + myself after the recoil and saw some stars that were very + pretty indeed. Then I perceived the nature of the + obstruction.</p> + + <p>"Evening, Judlip," I said sweetly, when I had collected my + hat from the gutter. "Have I broken the law, Judlip? If so, + I'll go quiet."</p> + + <p>"Time yer was in bed," grunted X, 36. "Yer Ma'll be lookin' + out for yer."</p> + + <p>This from the friend of my bosom! It hurt. Many were the + night-beats I had been privileged to walk with Judlip, imbibing + curious lore that made glad the civilian heart of me. Seven + whole 8x5 inch note-books had I pitmanised to the brim with + Judlip. And now to be repulsed as one of the uninitiated! It + hurt horrid.</p> + + <p>There is a thing called Dignity. Small boys sometimes stand + on it. Then they have to be kicked. Then they get down, + weeping. I don't stand on Dignity.</p> + + <p>"What's wrong, Judlip?" I asked, more sweetly than ever. + "Drawn a blank to-night?"</p> + + <p>"Yuss. Drawn a blank blank blank. 'Avent 'ad so much as a + kick at a lorst dorg. Christmas Eve ain't wot it was." I felt + for my note-book. "Lawd! I remembers the time when the drunks + and disorderlies down this street was as thick as flies on a + fly-paper. One just picked 'em orf with one's finger and thumb. + A bloomin' battew, that's wot it wos."</p> + + <p>"The night's yet young, Judlip," I insinuated, with a jerk + of my thumb at the flaring windows of the "Rat and Blood + Hound." At that moment the saloon-door swung open, emitting a + man and woman who walked with linked arms and exceeding great + care.</p> + + <p>Judlip eyed them longingly as they tacked up the street. + Then he sighed. Now, when Judlip sighs the sound is like unto + that which issues from the vent of a Crosby boiler when the + cog-gauges are at 260° F.</p> + + <p>"Come, Judlip!" I said. "Possess your soul in patience. + You'll soon find someone to make an example of. + Meanwhile"—I threw back my head and smacked my + lips—"the usual, Judlip?"</p> + + <p>In another minute I emerged through the swing-door, bearing + a furtive glass of that same "usual," and nipped down the mews + where my friend was wont to await these little tokens of + esteem.</p> + + <p>"To the Majesty of the Law, Judlip!"</p> + + <p>When he had honoured the toast, I scooted back with the + glass, leaving him wiping the beads off his beard-bristles. He + was in his philosophic mood when I rejoined him at the + corner.</p> + + <p>"Wot am I?" he said, as we paced along. "A bloomin' cypher. + Wot's the sarjint? 'E's got the Inspector over 'im. Over above + the Inspector there's the Sooprintendent. Over above 'im's the + old red-tape-masticatin' Yard. Over above that there's the 'Ome + Sec. Wot's 'e? A cypher, like me. Why?" Judlip looked up at the + stars. "Over above 'im's We Dunno Wot. Somethin' wot issues its + horders an' regulations an' divisional injunctions, + inscrootable like, but p'remptory; an' we 'as ter see as 'ow + they're carried out, not arskin' no questions, but each man + goin' about 'is dooty.'</p> + + <p>"''Is dooty,'" said I, looking up from my note-book. "Yes, + I've got that."</p> + + <p>"Life ain't a bean-feast. It's a 'arsh reality. An' them as + makes it a bean-feast 'as got to be 'arshly dealt with + accordin'. That's wot the Force is put 'ere for from Above. Not + as 'ow we ain't fallible. We makes our mistakes. An' when we + makes 'em we sticks to 'em. For the honour o' the Force. Which + same is the jool Britannia wears on 'er bosom as a charm + against hanarchy. That's wot the brarsted old Beaks don't + understand. Yer remember Smithers of our Div?"</p> + + <p>I remembered Smithers—well. As fine, upstanding, + square-toed, bullet-headed, clean-living a son of a gun as ever + perjured himself in the box. There was nothing of the softy + about Smithers. I took off my billicock to Smithers' + memory.</p> + + <p>"Sacrificed to public opinion? Yuss," said Judlip, pausing + at a front door and flashing his 45 c.p. down the slot of a + two-grade Yale. "Sacrificed to a parcel of screamin' old women + wot ort ter 'ave gorn down on their knees an' thanked Gawd for + such a protector. 'E'll be out in another 'alf year. Wot'll 'e + do then, pore devil? Go a bust on 'is conduc' money an' throw + in 'is lot with them same hexperts wot 'ad a 'oly terror of + 'im." Then Judlip swore gently.</p> + + <p>"What should you do, O Great One, if ever it were your duty + to apprehend him?"</p> + + <p>"Do? Why, yer blessed innocent, yer don't think I'd shirk a + fair clean cop? Same time, I don't say as 'ow I wouldn't 'andle + 'im tender like, for sake o' wot 'e wos. Likewise cos 'e'd be a + stiff customer to tackle. Likewise 'cos—"</p> + + <p>He had broken off, and was peering fixedly upwards at an + angle of 85° across the moonlit street. "Ullo!" he said in a + hoarse whisper.</p> + + <p>Striking an average between the direction of his + eyes—for Judlip, when on the job, has a soul-stirring + squint—I perceived someone in the act of emerging from a + chimney-pot.</p> + + <p>Judlip's voice clove the silence. "Wot are yer doin' hup + there?"</p> + + <p>The person addressed came to the edge of the parapet. I saw + then that he had a hoary white beard, a red ulster with the + hood up, and what looked like a sack over his shoulder. He said + something or other in a voice like a concertina that has been + left out in the rain.</p> + + <p>"I dessay," answered my friend. "Just you come down, an' + we'll see about that."</p> + + <p>The old man nodded and smiled. Then—as I hope to be + saved—he came floating gently down through the moonlight, + with the sack over his shoulder and a young fir-tree clasped to + his chest. He alighted in a friendly manner on the curb beside + us.</p> + + <p>Judlip was the first to recover himself. Out went his right + arm, and the airman was slung round by the scruff of the neck, + spilling his sack in the road. I made a bee-line for his + shoulder-blades. Burglar or no burglar, he was the best airman + out, and I was muchly desirous to know the precise nature of + the apparatus under his ulster. A back-hander from Judlip's + left caused me to hop quickly aside. The prisoner was squealing + and whimpering. He didn't like the feel of Judlip's knuckles at + his cervical vertebræ.</p> + + <p>"Wot wos yer doin' hup there?" asked Judlip, tightening the + grip.</p> + + <p>"I'm S-Santa Claus, Sir. P-please, Sir, let me g-go"</p> + + <p>"Hold him," I shouted. "He's a German."</p> + + <p>"It's my dooty ter caution yer that wotever yer say now may + be used in hevidence against yer, yer old sinner. Pick up that + there sack, an' come along o' me."</p> + + <p>The captive snivelled something about peace on earth, good + will toward men.</p> + + <p>"Yuss," said Judlip. "That's in the Noo Testament, ain't it? + The Noo Testament contains some uncommon nice readin' for old + gents an' young ladies. But it ain't included in the librery o' + the Force. We confine ourselves to the Old + Testament—O.T., 'ot. An' 'ot you'll get it. Hup with that + sack, an' quick march!"</p> + + <p>I have seen worse attempts at a neck-wrench, but it was just + not slippery enough for Judlip. And the kick that Judlip then + let fly was a thing of beauty and a joy for ever.</p> + + <p>"Frog's-march him!" I shrieked, dancing. "For the love of + heaven, frog's-march him!"</p> + + <p>Trotting by Judlip's side to the Station, I reckoned it out + that if Slushby had not been at the Club I should not have been + here to see. Which shows that even Slushbys are put into this + world for a purpose.</p><a name="out" + id="out"></a> + + <h2>OUT OF HARM'S WAY</h2> + + <h4><i>By</i></h4> + + <h3>A.C. B*NS*N</h3> + + <h3>Chapter XLII.—Christmas</h3> + + <p>More and more, as the tranquil years went by, Percy found + himself able to draw a quiet satisfaction from the regularity, + the even sureness, with which, in every year, one season + succeeded to another. In boyhood he had felt always a little + sad at the approach of autumn. The yellowing leaves of the lime + trees, the creeper that flushed to so deep a crimson against + the old grey walls, the chrysanthemums that shed so prodigally + their petals on the smooth green lawn—all these things, + beautiful and wonderful though they were, were somehow a little + melancholy also, as being signs of the year's decay. Once, when + he was fourteen or fifteen years old, he had overheard a friend + of the family say to his father "How the days are drawing + in!"—a remark which set him thinking deeply, with an + almost morbid abandonment to gloom, for quite a long time. He + had not then grasped the truth that in exactly the proportion + in which the days draw in they will, in the fullness of time, + draw out. This was a lesson that he mastered in later years. + And, though the waning of summer never failed to touch him with + the sense of an almost personal loss, yet it seemed to him a + right thing, a wise ordination, that there should be these + recurring changes. Those men and women of whom the poet tells + us that they lived in "a land where it was always + afternoon"—could they, Percy often wondered, have felt + quite that thankfulness which on a fine afternoon is felt by us + dwellers in ordinary climes? Ah, no! Surely it is because we + are made acquainted with the grey sadness of twilight, the + solemn majesty of the night-time, the faint chill of the dawn, + that we set so high a value on the more meridional hours. If + there were no autumn, no winter, then spring and summer would + lose, not all indeed, yet an appreciable part of their sweet + savour for us. Thus, as his mind matured, Percy came to be very + glad of the gradual changes of the year. He found in them a + rhythm, as he once described it in his diary; and this he liked + very much indeed. He was aware that in his own character, with + its tendency to waywardness, to caprice, to disorder, there was + an almost grievous lack of this <i>rhythmic</i> quality. In the + sure and seemly progression of the months, was there not for + him a desirable exemplar, a needed corrective? He was so liable + to moods in which he rebelled against the performance of some + quite simple duty, some appointed task—moods in which he + said to himself "H-ng it! I will not do this," or "Oh, b-th-r! + I shall not do that!" But it was clear that Nature herself + never spoke thus. Even as a passenger in a frail barque on the + troublous ocean will keep his eyes directed towards some + upstanding rock on the far horizon, finding thus inwardly for + himself, or hoping to find, a more stable equilibrium, a deeper + tranquillity, than is his, so did Percy daily devote a certain + portion of his time to quiet communion with the almanac.</p> + + <p>There were times when he was sorely tempted to regret a + little that some of the feasts of the Church were "moveable." + True, they moved only within strictly prescribed limits, and in + accordance with certain unalterable, wholly justifiable rules. + Yet, in the very fact that they did move, there seemed—to + use an expressive slang phrase of the day—"something not + quite nice." It was therefore the fixed feasts that pleased + Percy best, and on Christmas Day, especially, he experienced a + temperate glow which would have perhaps surprised those who + knew him only slightly.</p> + + <p>By reason of the athletic exercises of his earlier years, + Percy had retained in middle life a certain lightness and + firmness of tread; and this on Christmas morning, between his + rooms and the Cathedral, was always so peculiarly elastic that + he might almost have seemed to be rather running than walking. + The ancient fane, with its soarings of grey columns to the + dimness of its embowed roof, the delicate traceries of the + organ screen, the swelling notes of the organ, the mellow + shafts of light filtered through the stained-glass windows + whose hues were as those of emeralds and rubies and amethysts, + the stainless purity of the surplices of clergy and choir, the + sober richness of Sunday bonnets in the transept, the faint yet + heavy fragrance exhaled from the hot-water pipes—all + these familiar things, appealing, as he sometimes felt, almost + too strongly to that sensuous side of his nature which made him + so susceptible to the paintings of Mr. Leader, of Sir Luke + Fildes, were on Christmas morning more than usually affecting + by reason of that note of quiet joyousness, of peace and good + will, that pervaded the lessons of the day, the collect, the + hymns, the sermon.</p> + + <p>It was this spiritual aspect of Christmas that Percy felt to + be hardly sufficiently regarded, or at least dwelt on, + nowadays, and he sometimes wondered whether the modern + Christmas had not been in some degree inspired and informed by + Charles Dickens. He had for that writer a very sincere + admiration, though he was inclined to think that his true + excellence lay not so much in faithful portrayal of the life of + his times, or in gift of sustained narration, or in those + scenes of pathos which have moved so many hearts in so many + quiet homes, as in the power of inventing highly fantastic + figures, such as Mr. Micawber or Mr. Pickwick. This view Percy + knew to be somewhat heretical, and, constitutionally averse + from the danger of being suspected of "talking for effect," he + kept it to himself; but, had anyone challenged him to give his + opinion, it was thus that he would have expressed himself. In + regard to Christmas, he could not help wishing that Charles + Dickens had laid more stress on its spiritual element. It was + right that the feast should be an occasion for good cheer, for + the savoury meats, the steaming bowl, the blazing log, the + traditional games. But was not the modern world, with its + almost avowed bias towards materialism, too little apt to think + of Christmas as also a time for meditation, for taking stock, + as it were, of the things of the soul? Percy had heard that in + London nowadays there was a class of people who sate down to + their Christmas dinners in public hotels. He did not condemn + this practice. He never condemned a thing, but wondered, + rather, whether it were right, and could not help feeling that + somehow it was not. In the course of his rare visits to London + he had more than once been inside of one of the large new + hotels that had sprung up—these "great caravanseries," as + he described them in a letter to an old school-fellow who had + been engaged for many years in Chinese mission work. And it + seemed to him that the true spirit of Christmas could hardly be + acclimatised in such places, but found its proper resting-place + in quiet, detached homes, where were gathered together only + those connected with one another by ties of kinship, or of long + and tested friendship.</p> + + <p>He sometimes blamed himself for having tended more and more, + as the quiet, peaceful, tranquil years went by, to absent + himself from even those small domestic gatherings. And yet, + might it not be that his instinct for solitude at this season + was a right instinct, at least for him, and that to run counter + to it would be in some degree unacceptable to the Power that + fashioned us? Thus he allowed himself to go, as it were, his + own way. After morning service, he sate down to his Christmas + fare alone, and then, when the simple meal was over, would sit + and think in his accustomed chair, falling perhaps into one of + those quiet dozes from which, because they seemed to be so + natural a result, so seemly a consummation, of his thoughts, he + did not regularly abstain. Later, he sallied forth, with a + sense of refreshment, for a brisk walk among the fens, the + sedges, the hedgerows, the reed-fringed pools, the pollard + willows that would in due course be putting forth their tender + shoots of palest green. And then, once more in his rooms, with + the curtains drawn and the candles lit, he would turn to his + book-shelves and choose from among them some old book that he + knew and loved, or maybe some quite new book by that writer + whose works were most dear to him because in them he seemed + always to know so precisely what the author would say next, and + because he found in their fine-spun repetitions a singular + repose, a sense of security, an earnest of calm and continuity, + as though he were reading over again one of those wise + copy-books that he had so loved in boyhood, or were listening + to the sounds made on a piano by some modest, very + conscientious young girl with a pale red pig-tail, practising + her scales, very gently, hour after hour, next + door.</p><a name="perkins" + id="perkins"></a> + + <h2>PERKINS AND MANKIND</h2> + + <h4><i>By</i></h4> + + <h3>H.G. W*LLS</h3> + + <h3>Chapter XX</h3> + + <h4>§1.</h4> + + <p>It was the Christmas party at Heighton that was one of the + turning-points in Perkins' life. The Duchess had sent him a + three-page wire in the hyperbolical style of her class, + conveying a vague impression that she and the Duke had arranged + to commit suicide together if Perkins didn't "chuck" any + previous engagement he had made. And Perkins had felt in a + slipshod sort of way—for at this period he was incapable + of ordered thought—he might as well be at Heighton as + anywhere....</p> + + <p>The enormous house was almost full. There must have been + upwards of fifty people sitting down to every meal. Many of + these were members of the family. Perkins was able to recognise + them by their unconvoluted ears—the well-known Grifford + ear, transmitted from one generation to another. For the rest + there were the usual lot from the Front Benches and the + Embassies. Evesham was there, clutching at the lapels of his + coat; and the Prescotts—he with his massive mask of a + face, and she with her quick, hawk-like ways, talking about two + things at a time; old Tommy Strickland, with his monocle and + his dropped g's, telling you what he had once said to Mr. + Disraeli; Boubou Seaforth and his American wife; John Pirram, + ardent and elegant, spouting old French lyrics; and a score of + others.</p> + + <p>Perkins had got used to them by now. He no longer wondered + what they were "up to," for he knew they were up to nothing + whatever. He reflected, while he was dressing for dinner on + Christmas night, how odd it was he had ever thought of Using + them. He might as well have hoped to Use the Dresden shepherds + and shepherdesses that grinned out in the last stages of + refinement at him from the glazed cabinets in the + drawing-rooms.... Or the Labour Members themselves....</p> + + <p>True there was Evesham. He had shown an exquisitely open + mind about the whole thing. He had at once grasped the + underlying principles, thrown out some amazingly luminous + suggestions. Oh yes, Evesham was a statesman, right enough. But + had even he ever really <i>believed</i> in the idea of a + Provisional Government of England by the Female Foundlings?</p> + + <p>To Perkins the whole thing had seemed so simple, so + imminent—a thing that needed only a little general + good-will to bring it about. And now.... Suppose his Bill + <i>had</i> passed its Second Reading, suppose it had become + Law, would this poor old England be by way of functioning + decently—after all? Foundlings were sometimes + naughty....</p> + + <p>What was the matter with the whole human race? He remembered + again those words of Scragson's that had had such a depressing + effect on him at the Cambridge Union—"Look here, you + know! It's all a huge nasty mess, and we're trying to swab it + up with a pocket handkerchief." Well, he'd given up trying to + do that....</p> + + <h4>§2.</h4> + + <p>During dinner his eyes wandered furtively up and down the + endless ornate table, and he felt he had been, in a sort of + way, right in thinking these people were the handiest + instrument to prise open the national conscience with. The + shining red faces of the men, the shining white necks and arms + of the women, the fearless eyes, the general free-and-easiness + and spaciousness, the look of late hours counteracted by fresh + air and exercise and the best things to eat and + drink—what mightn't be made of these people, if they'd + only Submit?</p> + + <p>Perkins looked behind them, at the solemn young footmen + passing and repassing, noiselessly, in blue and white liveries. + <i>They</i> had Submitted. And it was just because they had + been able to that they were no good.</p> + + <p>"Damn!" said Perkins, under his breath.</p> + + <h4>§3.</h4> + + <p>One of the big conifers from the park had been erected in + the hall, and this, after dinner, was found to be all lighted + up with electric bulbs and hung with packages in tissue + paper.</p> + + <p>The Duchess stood, a bright, feral figure, distributing + these packages to the guests. Perkins' name was called out in + due course and the package addressed to him was slipped into + his hand. He retired with it into a corner. Inside the + tissue-paper was a small morocco leather case. Inside that was + a set of diamond and sapphire sleeve-links—large + ones.</p> + + <p>He stood looking at them, blinking a little.</p> + + <p>He supposed he must put them on. But something in him, some + intractably tough bit of his old self, rose up + protesting—frantically.</p> + + <p>If he couldn't Use these people, at least they weren't going + to Use <i>him</i>!</p> + + <p>"No, damn it!" he said under his breath, and, thrusting the + case into his pocket, slipped away unobserved.</p> + + <h4>§4.</h4> + + <p>He flung himself into a chair in his bedroom and puffed a + blast of air from his lungs.... Yes, it had been a narrow + escape. He knew that if he had put those beastly blue and white + things on he would have been a lost soul....</p> + + <p>"You've got to pull yourself together, d'you hear?" he said + to himself. "You've got to do a lot of clear, steady, merciless + thinking—now, to-night. You've got to persuade yourself + somehow that, Foundlings or no Foundlings, this regeneration of + mankind business may still be set going—and by + <i>you</i>."</p> + + <p>He paced up and down the room, fuming. How recapture the + generous certitudes that had one by one been slipping away from + him? He found himself staring vacantly at the row of books on + the little shelf by his bed. One of them seemed suddenly to + detach itself—he could almost have sworn afterwards that + he didn't reach out for it, but that it hopped down into his + hand....</p> + + <p>"Sitting Up For The Dawn"! It was one of that sociological + series by which H.G. W*lls had first touched his soul to finer + issues when he was at the 'Varsity.</p> + + <p>He opened it with tremulous fingers. Could it re-exert its + old sway over him now?</p> + + <p>The page he had opened it at was headed "General Cessation + Day," and he began to read....</p> + + <p>"The re-casting of the calendar on a decimal basis seems a + simple enough matter at first sight. But even here there are + details that will have to be thrashed out....</p> + + <p>"Mr. Edgar Dibbs, in his able pamphlet 'Ten to the + Rescue,'<a id="footnotetag1" + name="footnotetag1"></a><a href="#footnote1"><sup>1</sup></a> + advocates a twenty-hour day, and has drawn up an ingenious + scheme for accelerating the motion of this planet by four in + every twenty-four hours, so that the alternations of light + and darkness shall be re-adjusted to the new reckoning. I + think such re-adjustment would be indispensable (though I + know there is a formidable body of opinion against me). But + I am far from being convinced of the feasibility of Mr. + Dibbs' scheme. I believe the twenty-four hour day has come + to stay—anomalous though it certainly will seem in the + ten-day week, the fifty-day month, and the thousand-day + year. I should like to have incorporated Mr. Dibbs' scheme + in my vision of the Dawn. But, as I have said, the scope of + this vision is purely practical....</p> + + <p>"Mr. Albert Baker, in a paper<a id="footnotetag2" + name="footnotetag2"></a><a href="#footnote2"><sup>2</sup></a> + read before the South Brixton Hebdomadals, pleads that the + first seven days of the decimal week should retain their old + names, the other three to be called provisionally Huxleyday, + Marxday, and Tolstoiday. But, for reasons which I have set + forth elsewhere,<a id="footnotetag3" + name="footnotetag3"></a><a href="#footnote3"><sup>3</sup></a> + I believe that the nomenclature which I had originally + suggested<a id="footnotetag4" + name="footnotetag4"></a><a href="#footnote4"><sup>4</sup></a>—Aday, + Bday, and so on to Jday—would be really the simplest + way out of the difficulty. Any fanciful way of naming the + days would be bad, as too sharply differentiating one day + from another. What we must strive for in the Dawn is that + every day shall be as nearly as possible like every other + day. We must help the human units—these little pink + slobbering creatures of the Future whose cradle we are + rocking—to progress not in harsh jerks, but with a + beautiful unconscious rhythm....</p> + + <p>"There must be nothing corresponding to our Sunday. Sunday + is a canker that must be cut ruthlessly out of the social + organism. At present the whole community gets 'slack' on + Saturday because of the paralysis that is about to fall on it. + And then 'Black Monday'!—that day when the human brain + tries to readjust itself—tries to realise that the + shutters are down, and the streets are swept, and the + stove-pipe hats are back in their band-boxes....</p> + + <p>"Yet of course there must be holidays. We can no more do + without holidays than without sleep. For every man there must + be certain stated intervals of repose—of recreation in + the original sense of the word. My views on the worthlessness + of classical education are perhaps pretty well known to you, + but I don't underrate the great service that my friend + Professor Ezra K. Higgins has rendered by his + discovery<a id="footnotetag5" + name="footnotetag5"></a><a href="#footnote5"><sup>5</sup></a> + that the word recreation originally signified a + re-creating—i.e.,<a id="footnotetag6" + name="footnotetag6"></a><a href="#footnote6"><sup>6</sup></a> + a time for the nerve-tissues to renew themselves in. The + problem before us is how to secure for the human units in + the Dawn—these giants of whom we are but the + foetuses—the holidays necessary for their full + capacity for usefulness to the State, without at the same + time disorganising the whole community—and them.</p> + + <p>"The solution is really very simple. The community will be + divided into ten sections—Section A, Section B, and so on + to Section J. And to every section one day of the decimal week + will be assigned as a 'Cessation Day.' Thus, those people who + fall under Section A will rest on Aday, those who fall under + Section B will rest on Bday, and so on. On every day of the + year one-tenth of the population will be resting, but the other + nine-tenths will be at work. The joyous hum and clang of labour + will never cease in the municipal workshops....</p> + + <p>"You figure the smokeless blue sky above London dotted all + over with airships in which the holiday-making tenth are + re-creating themselves for the labour of next + week—looking down a little wistfully, perhaps, at the + workshops from which they are temporarily banished. And here I + scent a difficulty. So attractive a thing will labour be in the + Dawn that a man will be tempted not to knock off work when his + Cessation Day comes round, and will prefer to work for no wage + rather than not at all. So that perhaps there will have to be a + law making Cessation Day compulsory, and the Overseers will be + empowered to punish infringement of this law by forbidding the + culprit to work for ten days after the first offence, twenty + after the second, and so on. But I don't suppose there will + often be need to put this law in motion. The children of the + Dawn, remember, will not be the puny self-ridden creatures that + we are. They will not say, 'Is this what I want to do?' but + 'Shall I, by doing this, be (<i>a</i>) harming or (<i>b</i>) + benefiting—no matter in how infinitesimal a + degree—the Future of the Race?'</p> + + <p>"Sunday must go. And, as I have hinted, the progress of + mankind will be steady proportionately to its own automatism. + Yet I think there would be no harm in having one—just + one—day in the year set aside as a day of universal + rest—a day for the searching of hearts. Heaven—I + mean the Future—forbid that I should be hide-bound by + dry-as-dust logic, in dealing with problems of flesh and blood. + The sociologists of the past thought the grey matter of their + own brains all-sufficing. They forgot that flesh is pink and + blood is red. That is why they could not convert people....</p> + + <p>"The five-hundredth and last day of each year shall be a + General Cessation Day. It will correspond somewhat to our + present Christmas Day. But with what a difference! It will not + be, as with us, a mere opportunity for relatives to make up the + quarrels they have picked with each other during the past year, + and to eat and drink things that will make them ill well into + next year. Holly and mistletoe there will be in the Municipal + Eating Rooms, but the men and women who sit down there to + General Cessation High-Tea will be glowing not with a facile + affection for their kith and kin, but with communal anxiety for + the welfare of the great-great-grand-children of people they + have never met and are never likely to meet.</p> + + <p>"The great event of the day will be the performance of the + ceremony of 'Making Way.'</p> + + <p>"In the Dawn, death will not be the haphazard affair that it + is under the present anarchic conditions. Men will not be + stumbling out of the world at odd moments and for reasons over + which they have no control. There will always, of course, be a + percentage of deaths by misadventure. But there will be no + deaths by disease. Nor, on the other hand, will people die of + old age. Every child will start life knowing that (barring + misadventure) he has a certain fixed period of life before + him—so much and no more, but not a moment less.</p> + + <p>"It is impossible to foretell to what average age the + children of the Dawn will retain the use of all their + faculties—be fully vigorous mentally and physically. We + only know they will be 'going strong' at ages when we have long + ceased to be any use to the State. Let us, for sake of + argument, say that on the average their facilities will have + begun to decay at the age of ninety—a trifle over + thirty-two, by the new reckoning. That, then, will be the + period of life fixed for all citizens. Every man on fulfilling + that period will avail himself of the Municipal Lethal Chamber. + He will 'make way'....</p> + + <p>"I thought at one time that it would be best for every man + to 'make way' on the actual day when he reaches the age-limit. + But I see now that this would savour of private enterprise. + Moreover, it would rule out that element of sentiment which, in + relation to such a thing as death, we must do nothing to mar. + The children and friends of a man on the brink of death would + instinctively wish to gather round him. How could they + accompany him to the lethal chamber, if it were an ordinary + working-day, with every moment of the time mapped out for + them?</p> + + <p>"On General Cessation Day, therefore, the gates of the + lethal chambers will stand open for all those who shall in the + course of the past year have reached the age-limit. You figure + the wide streets filled all day long with little solemn + processions—solemn and yet not in the least unhappy.... + You figure the old man walking with a firm step in the midst of + his progeny, looking around him with a clear eye at this dear + world which is about to lose him. He will not be thinking of + himself. He will not be wishing the way to the lethal chamber + was longer. He will be filled with joy at the thought that he + is about to die for the good of the race—to 'make way' + for the beautiful young breed of men and women who, in simple, + artistic, antiseptic garments, are disporting themselves so + gladly on this day of days. They pause to salute him as he + passes. And presently he sees, radiant in the sunlight, the + pleasant white-tiled dome of the lethal chamber. You figure him + at the gate, shaking hands all round, and speaking perhaps a + few well-chosen words about the Future...."</p> + + <h4>§5.</h4> + + <p>It was enough. The old broom hadn't lost its snap. It had + swept clean the chambers of Perkins' soul—swished away + the whole accumulation of nasty little cobwebs and malignant + germs. Gone were the mean doubts that had formed in him, the + lethargy, the cheap cynicism. Perkins was himself again.</p> + + <p>He saw now how very stupid it was of him to have despaired + just because his own particular panacea wasn't given a chance. + That Provisional Government plan of his had been good, but it + was only one of an infinite number of possible paths to the + Dawn. He would try others—scores of others....</p> + + <p>He must get right away out of here—to-night. He must + have his car brought round from the garage—now—to a + side door....</p> + + <p>But first he sat down to the writing-table, and wrote + quickly:</p> + + <blockquote> + <p><i>Dear Duchess,</i></p> + + <p><i>I regret I am called away on urgent political + business....</i></p> + </blockquote> + + <p class="author"><i>Yours faithfully</i><br /> + <i>J. Perkins....</i></p> + + <p>He took the morocco leather case out of his pocket and + enclosed it, with the note, in a large envelope.</p> + + <p>Then he pressed the electric button by his bedside, almost + feeling that this was a signal for the Dawn to rise without + more ado....</p> + + <blockquote class="footnote"> + <a id="footnote1" + name="footnote1"></a><b>Footnote 1:</b> + <a href="#footnotetag1">(return)</a> + + <p>Published by the Young Self-Helpers' Press, Ipswich.</p> + </blockquote> + + <blockquote class="footnote"> + <a id="footnote2" + name="footnote2"></a><b>Footnote 2:</b> + <a href="#footnotetag2">(return)</a> + + <p>"Are We Going Too Fast?"</p> + </blockquote> + + <blockquote class="footnote"> + <a id="footnote3" + name="footnote3"></a><b>Footnote 3:</b> + <a href="#footnotetag3">(return)</a> + + <p>"A Midwife For The Millennium." H.G. W*lls.</p> + </blockquote> + + <blockquote class="footnote"> + <a id="footnote4" + name="footnote4"></a><b>Footnote 4:</b> + <a href="#footnotetag4">(return)</a> + + <p>"How To Be Happy Though Yet Unborn." H.G. W*lls.</p> + </blockquote> + + <blockquote class="footnote"> + <a id="footnote5" + name="footnote5"></a><b>Footnote 5:</b> + <a href="#footnotetag5">(return)</a> + + <p>"Words About Words." By Ezra K. Higgins, Professor of + Etymology, Abraham Z. Stubbins University, Padua, Pa., + U.S.A. (2 vols.).</p> + </blockquote> + + <blockquote class="footnote"> + <a id="footnote6" + name="footnote6"></a><b>Footnote 6:</b> + <a href="#footnotetag6">(return)</a> + + <p>"<i>Id est</i>"—"That is."</p> + </blockquote><a name="some" + id="some"></a> + + <h2>SOME DAMNABLE ERRORS ABOUT CHRISTMAS</h2> + + <h4><i>By</i></h4> + + <h3>G.K. CH*ST*RT*N</h3> + + <p>That it is human to err is admitted by even the most + positive of our thinkers. Here we have the great difference + between latter-day thought and the thought of the past. If + Euclid were alive to-day (and I dare say he is) he would not + say, "The angles at the base of an isosceles triangle are equal + to one another." He would say, "To me (a very frail and + fallible being, remember) it does somehow seem that these two + angles have a mysterious and awful equality to one another." + The dislike of schoolboys for Euclid is unreasonable in many + ways; but fundamentally it is entirely reasonable. + Fundamentally it is the revolt from a man who was either + fallible and therefore (in pretending to infallibility) an + impostor, or infallible and therefore not human.</p> + + <p>Now, since it is human to err, it is always in reference to + those things which arouse in us the most human of all our + emotions—I mean the emotion of love—that we + conceive the deepest of our errors. Suppose we met Euclid on + Westminster Bridge, and he took us aside and confessed to us + that whilst he regarded parallelograms and rhomboids with an + indifference bordering on contempt, for isosceles triangles he + cherished a wild romantic devotion. Suppose he asked us to + accompany him to the nearest music-shop, and there purchased a + guitar in order that he might worthily sing to us the radiant + beauty and the radiant goodness of isosceles triangles. As men + we should, I hope, respect his enthusiasm, and encourage his + enthusiasm, and catch his enthusiasm. But as seekers after + truth we should be compelled to regard with a dark suspicion, + and to check with the most anxious care, every fact that he + told us about isosceles triangles. For adoration involves a + glorious obliquity of vision. It involves more than that. We do + not say of Love that he is short-sighted. We do not say of Love + that he is myopic. We do not say of Love that he is astigmatic. + We say quite simply, Love is blind. We might go further and + say, Love is deaf. That would be a profound and obvious truth. + We might go further still and say, Love is dumb. But that would + be a profound and obvious lie. For love is always an + extraordinarily fluent talker. Love is a wind-bag, filled with + a gusty wind from Heaven.</p> + + <p>It is always about the thing that we love most that we talk + most. About this thing, therefore, our errors are something + more than our deepest errors: they are our most frequent + errors. That is why for nearly two thousand years mankind has + been more glaringly wrong on the subject of Christmas than on + any other subject. If mankind had hated Christmas, he would + have understood it from the first. What would have happened + then, it is impossible to say. For that which is hated, and + therefore is persecuted, and therefore grows brave, lives on + for ever, whilst that which is understood dies in the moment of + our understanding of it—dies, as it were, in our awful + grasp. Between the horns of this eternal dilemma shivers all + the mystery of the jolly visible world, and of that still + jollier world which is invisible. And it is because Mr. Shaw + and the writers of his school cannot, with all their splendid + sincerity and, acumen, perceive that he and they and all of us + are impaled on those horns as certainly as the sausages I ate + for breakfast this morning had been impaled on the cook's + toasting-fork—it is for this reason, I say, that Mr. Shaw + and his friends seem to me to miss the basic principle that + lies at the root of all things human and divine. By the way, + not all things that are divine are human. But all things that + are human are divine. But to return to Christmas.</p> + + <p>I select at random two of the more obvious fallacies that + obtain. One is that Christmas should be observed as a time of + jubilation. This is (I admit) quite a recent idea. It never + entered into the tousled heads of the shepherds by night, when + the light of the angel of the Lord shone about them and they + arose and went to do homage to the Child. It never entered into + the heads of the Three Wise Men. They did not bring their gifts + as a joke, but as an awful oblation. It never entered into the + heads of the saints and scholars, the poets and painters, of + the Middle Ages. Looking back across the years, they saw in + that dark and ungarnished manger only a shrinking woman, a + brooding man, and a child born to sorrow. The philomaths of the + eighteenth century, looking back, saw nothing at all. It is not + the least of the glories of the Victorian Era that it + rediscovered Christmas. It is not the least of the mistakes of + the Victorian Era that it supposed Christmas to be a feast.</p> + + <p>The splendour of the saying, "I have piped unto you, and you + have not danced; I have wept with you, and you have not + mourned" lies in the fact that it might have been uttered with + equal truth by any man who had ever piped or wept. There is in + the human race some dark spirit of recalcitrance, always + pulling us in the direction contrary to that in which we are + reasonably expected to go. At a funeral, the slightest thing, + not in the least ridiculous at any other time, will convulse us + with internal laughter. At a wedding, we hover mysteriously on + the brink of tears. So it is with the modern Christmas. I find + myself in agreement with the cynics in so far that I admit that + Christmas, as now observed, tends to create melancholy. But the + reason for this lies solely in our own misconception. Christmas + is essentially a <i>dies iræ</i>. If the cynics will only make + up their minds to treat it as such, even the saddest and most + atrabilious of them will acknowledge that he has had a + rollicking day.</p> + + <p>This brings me to the second fallacy. I refer to the belief + that "Christmas comes but once a year." Perhaps it does, + according to the calendar—a quaint and interesting + compilation, but of little or no practical value to anybody. It + is not the calendar, but the Spirit of Man that regulates the + recurrence of feasts and fasts. Spiritually, Christmas Day + recurs exactly seven times a week. When we have frankly + acknowledged this, and acted on this, we shall begin to realise + the Day's mystical and terrific beauty. For it is only + every-day things that reveal themselves to us in all their + wonder and their splendour. A man who happens one day to be + knocked down by a motor-bus merely utters a curse and instructs + his solicitor, but a man who has been knocked down by a + motor-bus every day of the year will have begun to feel that he + is taking part in an august and soul-cleansing ritual. He will + await the diurnal stroke of fate with the same lowly and pious + joy as animated the Hindoos awaiting Juggernaut. His bruises + will be decorations, worn with the modest pride of the veteran. + He will cry aloud, in the words of the late W.E. Henley, "My + head is bloody but unbowed." He will add, "My ribs are broken + but unbent."</p> + + <p>I look for the time when we shall wish one another a Merry + Christmas every morning; when roast turkey and plum-pudding + shall be the staple of our daily dinner, and the holly shall + never be taken down from the walls, and everyone will always be + kissing everyone else under the mistletoe. And what is right as + regards Christmas is right as regards all other so-called + anniversaries. The time will come when we shall dance round the + Maypole every morning before breakfast—a meal at which + hot-cross buns will be a standing dish—and shall make + April fools of one another every day before noon. The profound + significance of All Fool's Day—the glorious lesson that + we are all fools—is too apt at present to be lost. Nor is + justice done to the sublime symbolism of Shrove + Tuesday—the day on which all sins are shriven. Every day + pancakes shall be eaten, either before or after the + plum-pudding. They shall be eaten slowly and sacramentally. + They shall be fried over fires tended and kept for ever bright + by Vestals. They shall be tossed to the stars.</p> + + <p>I shall return to the subject of Christmas next + week.</p><a name="sequelula" + id="sequelula"></a> + + <h2>A SEQUELULA TO "THE DYNASTS"<a id="footnotetag7" + name="footnotetag7"></a><a href="#footnote7"><sup>7</sup></a></h2> + + <h4><i>By</i></h4> + + <h3>TH*M*S H*RDY</h3> + + <blockquote> + <p>The Void is disclosed. Our own Solar System is visible, + distant by some two million miles.</p> + + <p>Enter the Ancient Spirit and Chorus of the Years, the + Spirit and Chorus of the Pities, the Spirit Ironic, the + Spirit Sinister, Rumours, Spirit-Messengers, and the + Recording Angel.</p> + </blockquote> + + <center> + SPIRIT OF THE PITIES. + </center> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p><i>Yonder, that swarm of things insectual</i></p> + + <p><i>Wheeling Nowhither in Particular—</i></p> + + <p><i>What is it?</i></p> + </div> + </div> + + <center> + SPIRIT OF THE YEARS. + </center> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i10"><i>That? Oh that is merely one</i></p> + + <p><i>Of those innumerous congeries</i></p> + + <p><i>Of parasites by which, since time began,</i></p> + + <p><i>Space has been interfested.</i></p> + </div> + </div> + + <center> + SPIRIT SINISTER. + </center> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i10"><i>What a pity</i></p> + + <p><i>We have no means of stamping out these + pests!</i></p> + </div> + </div> + + <center> + SPIRIT IRONIC. + </center> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p><i>Nay, but I like to watch them buzzing + round,</i></p> + + <p><i>Poor little trumpery ephaeonals!</i></p> + </div> + </div> + + <center> + CHORUS OF THE PIETIES (aerial music). + </center> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i10"><i>Yes, yes!</i></p> + + <p><i>What matter a few more or less?</i></p> + + <p class="i2"><i>Here and Nowhere plus</i></p> + + <p class="i2"><i>Whence and Why makes Thus.</i></p> + + <p class="i2"><i>Let these things be.</i></p> + + <p><i>There's room in the world for them and + us.</i></p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i2"><i>Nothing is,</i></p> + + <p><i>Out in the vast immensities</i></p> + + <p class="i2"><i>Where these things flit,</i></p> + + <p class="i2"><i>Irrequisite</i></p> + + <p class="i2"><i>In a minor key</i></p> + + <p><i>To the tune of the sempiternal It.</i></p> + </div> + </div> + + <center> + SPIRIT IRONIC. + </center> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p><i>The curious thing about them is that some</i></p> + + <p><i>Have lesser parasites adherent to + them—</i></p> + + <p><i>Bipedular and quadrupedular</i></p> + + <p><i>Infinitesimals. On close survey</i></p> + + <p><i>You see these movesome. Do you not + recall,</i></p> + + <p><i>We once went in a party and beheld</i></p> + + <p><i>All manner of absurd things happening</i></p> + + <p><i>On one of those same—planets, don't you + call them?</i></p> + </div> + </div> + + <center> + SPIRIT OF THE YEARS (screwing up his eyes at the Solar + System). + </center> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p><i>One of that very swarm it was, if I mistake + not.</i></p> + + <p><i>It had a parasite that called itself</i></p> + + <p><i>Napoléon. And lately, I believe,</i></p> + + <p><i>Another parasite has had the impudence</i></p> + + <p><i>To publish an elaborate account</i></p> + + <p><i>Of our (for so we deemed it) private + visit.</i></p> + </div> + </div> + + <center> + SPIRIT SINISTER. + </center> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p><i>His name?</i></p> + </div> + </div> + + <center> + RECORDING ANGEL. + </center> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p><i>One moment.</i></p> + </div> + </div> + + <center> + (Turns over leaves.) + </center> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i10"><i>Hardy, Mr. Thomas,</i></p> + + <p><i>Novelist. Author of "The Woodlanders,"</i></p> + + <p><i>"Far from the Madding Crowd," "The Trumpet + Major,"</i></p> + + <p><i>"Tess of the D'Urbervilles," etcetera,</i></p> + + <p><i>Etcetera. In 1895</i></p> + + <p><i>"Jude the Obscure" was published, and a + few</i></p> + </div> + </div> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p><i>Hasty reviewers, having to supply</i></p> + + <p><i>A column for the day of publication,</i></p> + + <p><i>Filled out their space by saying that there + were</i></p> + + <p><i>Several passages that might have been</i></p> + + <p><i>Omitted with advantage. Mr. Hardy</i></p> + + <p><i>Saw that if that was so, well then, of + course,</i></p> + + <p><i>Obviously the only thing to do</i></p> + + <p><i>Was to write no more novels, and + forthwith</i></p> + + <p><i>Applied himself to drama, and to Us.</i></p> + </div> + </div> + + <center> + SPIRIT IRONIC. + </center> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p><i>Let us hear what he said about Us.</i></p> + </div> + </div> + + <center> + THE OTHER SPIRITS. + </center> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i10"><i>Let's.</i></p> + </div> + </div> + + <center> + RECORDING ANGEL (raising receiver of aerial telephone). + </center> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p><i>3 oh 4 oh oh 3 5, Space.... Hulloa.</i></p> + + <p><i>Is that the Superstellar Library?</i></p> + + <p><i>I'm the Recording Angel. Kindly send me</i></p> + + <p><i>By Spirit-Messenger a copy of</i></p> + + <p><i>"The Dynasts" by T. Hardy. Thank you.</i></p> + </div> + </div> + + <blockquote> + <p>A pause. Enter Spirit-Messenger, with copy of "The + Dynasts."</p> + </blockquote> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i10"><i>Thanks.</i></p> + </div> + </div> + + <blockquote> + <p>Exit Spirit-Messenger. The Recording Angel reads "The + Dynasts" aloud.</p> + + <p>Just as the reading draws to a close, enter the Spirit + of Mr. Clement Shorter and Chorus of Subtershorters. They + are visible as small grey transparencies swiftly + interpenetrating the brains of the spatial Spirits.</p> + </blockquote> + + <center> + SPIRIT OF THE PITIES. + </center> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p><i>It is a book which, once you take it up,</i></p> + + <p><i>You cannot readily lay down.</i></p> + </div> + </div> + + <center> + SPIRIT SINISTER. + </center> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i10"><i>There is</i></p> + + <p><i>Not a dull page in it.</i></p> + </div> + </div> + + <center> + SPIRIT OF THE YEARS. + </center> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i10"><i>A bold conception</i></p> + + <p><i>Outcarried with that artistry for which</i></p> + + <p><i>The author's name is guarantee. We have</i></p> + + <p><i>No hesitation in commending to our + readers</i></p> + + <p><i>A volume which—</i></p> + </div> + </div> + + <blockquote> + <p>The Spirit of Mr. Clement Shorter and Chorus of + Subtershorters are detected and expelled.</p> + </blockquote> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i10"><i>—we hasten to denounce</i></p> + + <p><i>As giving an entirely false account</i></p> + + <p><i>Of our impressions.</i></p> + </div> + </div> + + <center> + SPIRIT IRONIC. + </center> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i2">Hear, <i>hear</i>!</p> + </div> + </div> + + <center> + SPIRIT SINISTER. + </center> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i6">Hear, <i>hear</i>!</p> + </div> + </div> + + <center> + SPIRIT OF THE PITIES. + </center> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i10"><i>Hear</i>!</p> + </div> + </div> + + <center> + SPIRIT OF THE YEARS. + </center> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p><i>Intensive vision has this Mr. Hardy,</i></p> + + <p><i>With a dark skill in weaving + word-patterns</i></p> + + <p><i>Of subtle ideographies that mark him</i></p> + + <p><i>A man of genius. So am not I,</i></p> + + <p><i>But a plain Spirit, simple and + forthright,</i></p> + + <p><i>With no damned philosophical fal-lals</i></p> + + <p><i>About me. When I visited that planet</i></p> + + <p><i>And watched the animalculae thereon,</i></p> + + <p><i>I never said they were "automata"</i></p> + + <p><i>And "jackaclocks," nor dared describe their + deeds</i></p> + + <p><i>As "Life's impulsion by Incognizance."</i></p> + + <p><i>It may be that those mites have no free + will,</i></p> + + <p><i>But how should I know? Nay, how Mr. + Hardy?</i></p> + + <p><i>We cannot glimpse the origin of things,</i></p> + + <p><i>Cannot conceive a Causeless Cause, albeit</i></p> + </div> + </div> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p><i>Such a Cause must have been, and must be + greater</i></p> + + <p><i>Than we whose little wits cannot conceive + it.</i></p> + + <p><i>"Incognizance"! Why deem incognizant</i></p> + + <p><i>An infinitely higher than ourselves?</i></p> + + <p><i>How dare define its way with us? How know</i></p> + + <p><i>Whether it leaves us free or holds us + bond?</i></p> + </div> + </div> + + <center> + SPIRIT OF THE PITIES. + </center> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p><i>Allow me to associate myself</i></p> + + <p><i>With every word that's fallen from your + lips.</i></p> + + <p><i>The author of "The Dynasts" has indeed</i></p> + + <p><i>Misused his undeniably great gifts</i></p> + + <p><i>In striving to belittle things that are</i></p> + + <p><i>Little enough already. I don't say</i></p> + + <p><i>That the phrenetical behaviour</i></p> + + <p><i>Of those aforesaid animalculae</i></p> + + <p><i>Did, while we watched them, seem to + indicate</i></p> + + <p><i>Possession of free-will. But, bear in + mind,</i></p> + + <p><i>We saw them in peculiar + circumstances—</i></p> + + <p><i>At war, blinded with blood and lust and + fear.</i></p> + + <p><i>Is it not likely that at other times</i></p> + + <p><i>They are quite decent midgets, capable</i></p> + + <p><i>Of thinking for themselves, and also + acting</i></p> + + <p><i>Discreetly on their own initiative,</i></p> + + <p><i>Not drilled and herded, yet + gregarious—</i></p> + + <p><i>A wise yet frolicsome community?</i></p> + </div> + </div> + + <center> + SPIRIT IRONIC. + </center> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p><i>What are these "other times" though? I had + thought</i></p> + + <p><i>Those midgets whiled away the vacuous + hours</i></p> + + <p><i>After one war in training for the next.</i></p> + + <p><i>And let me add that my contempt for them</i></p> + + <p><i>Is not done justice to by Mr. Hardy.</i></p> + </div> + </div> + + <center> + SPIRIT SINISTER. + </center> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p><i>Nor mine. And I have reason to believe</i></p> + + <p><i>Those midgets shone above their average</i></p> + + <p><i>When we inspected them.</i></p> + </div> + </div> + + <center> + A RUMOUR (tactfully intervening). + </center> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i10"><i>Yet have I heard</i></p> + + <p><i>(Though not on very good authority)</i></p> + + <p><i>That once a year they hold a festival</i></p> + + <p><i>And thereat all with one accord unite</i></p> + + <p><i>In brotherly affection and good will.</i></p> + </div> + </div> + + <center> + SPIRIT OF THE YEARS (to Recording Angel). + </center> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p><i>Can you authenticate this Rumour?</i></p> + </div> + </div> + + <center> + RECORDING ANGEL. + </center> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p><i>Such festival they have, and call it + "Christmas."</i></p> + </div> + </div> + + <center> + SPIRIT OF THE PITIES. + </center> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p><i>Then let us go and reconsider them</i></p> + + <p><i>Next "Christmas."</i></p> + </div> + </div> + + <center> + SPIRIT OF THE YEARS (to Recording Angel). + </center> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i8"><i>When is that?</i></p> + </div> + </div> + + <center> + RECORDING ANGEL (consults terrene calendar). + </center> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i10"><i>This day three weeks.</i></p> + </div> + </div> + + <center> + SPIRIT OF THE YEARS. + </center> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p><i>On that day we will re-traject ourselves.</i></p> + + <p><i>Meanwhile, 'twere well we should be posted + up</i></p> + + <p><i>In details of this feast.</i></p> + </div> + </div> + + <center> + SPIRIT OF THE PITIES (to Recording Angel). + </center> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i10"><i>Aye, tell us more.</i></p> + </div> + </div> + + <center> + RECORDING ANGEL. + </center> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p><i>I fancy you could best find what you need</i></p> + + <p><i>In the Complete Works of the late Charles + Dickens.</i></p> + + <p><i>I have them here.</i></p> + </div> + </div> + + <center> + SPIRIT OF THE YEARS. + </center> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i10"><i>Read them aloud to us.</i></p> + </div> + </div> + + <blockquote> + <p>The Recording Angel reads aloud the Complete Works of + Charles Dickens.</p> + </blockquote> + + <center> + RECORDING ANGEL (closing "Edwin Drood"). + </center> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p><i>'Tis Christmas Morning.</i></p> + </div> + </div> + + <center> + SPIRIT OF THE YEARS. + </center> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i10"><i>Then must we away.</i></p> + </div> + </div> + + <center> + SEMICHORUS I. OF YEARS (aerial music). + </center> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p><i>'Tis time we press on to revisit</i></p> + + <p class="i2"><i>That dear little planet,</i></p> + + <p><i>To-day of all days to be seen at</i></p> + + <p class="i2"><i>Its brightest and best.</i></p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p><i>Now holly and mistletoe girdle</i></p> + + <p class="i2"><i>Its halls and its homesteads,</i></p> + + <p><i>And every biped is beaming</i></p> + + <p class="i2"><i>With peace and good will.</i></p> + </div> + </div> + + <center> + SEMICHORUS II. + </center> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p><i>With good will and why not with free + will?</i></p> + + <p class="i2"><i>If clearly the former</i></p> + + <p><i>May nest in those bosoms, then why not</i></p> + + <p class="i2"><i>The latter as well?</i></p> + </div> + </div> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p><i>Let's lay down no laws to trip up on,</i></p> + + <p class="i2"><i>Our way is in darkness,</i></p> + + <p><i>And not but by groping unhampered</i></p> + + <p class="i2"><i>We win to the light.</i></p> + </div> + </div> + + <blockquote> + <p>The Spirit and Chorus of the Years traject themselves, + closely followed by the Spirit and Chorus of the Pities, + the Spirits and Choruses Sinister and Ironic, Rumours, + Spirit Messengers, and the Recording Angel.</p> + + <p>There is the sound of a rushing wind. The Solar System + is seen for a few instants growing larger and + larger—a whorl of dark, vastening orbs careering + round the sun. All but one of these is lost to sight. The + convex seas and continents of our planet spring into + prominence.</p> + + <p>The Spirit of Mr. Hardy is visible as a grey + transparency swiftly interpenetrating the brain of the + Spirit of the Years, and urging him in a particular + direction, to a particular point.</p> + + <p>The Aerial Visitants now hover in mid-air on the + outskirts of Casterbridge, Wessex, immediately above the + County Gaol.</p> + </blockquote> + + <center> + SPIRIT OF THE YEARS. + </center> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p><i>First let us watch the revelries within</i></p> + + <p><i>This well-kept castle whose great walls + connote</i></p> + + <p><i>A home of the pre-eminently blest.</i></p> + </div> + </div> + + <blockquote> + <p>The roof of the gaol becomes transparent, and the whole + interior is revealed, like that of a beehive under glass. + Warders are marching mechanically round the corridors of + white stone, unlocking and clanging open the iron doors of + the cells. Out from every door steps a convict, who stands + at attention, his face to the wall.</p> + + <p>At a word of command the convicts fall into gangs of + twelve, and march down the stone stairs, out into the yard, + where they line up against the walls.</p> + + <p>Another word of command, and they file mechanically, but + not more mechanically than their warders, into the + Chapel.</p> + </blockquote> + + <center> + SPIRIT OF THE PITIES. + </center> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p><i>Enough!</i></p> + </div> + </div> + + <center> + SPIRITS SINISTER AND IRONIC. + </center> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i6"><i>'Tis more than even we can + bear.</i></p> + </div> + </div> + + <center> + SPIRIT OF THE PITIES. + </center> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p><i>Would we had never come!</i></p> + </div> + </div> + + <center> + SPIRIT OF THE YEARS. + </center> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i10"><i>Brother, 'tis well</i></p> + + <p><i>To have faced a truth however hideous,</i></p> + + <p><i>However humbling. Gladly I discipline</i></p> + + <p><i>My pride by taking back those pettish + doubts</i></p> + + <p><i>Cast on the soundness of the central + thought</i></p> + + <p><i>In Mr. Hardy's drama. He was right.</i></p> + </div> + </div> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p><i>Automata these animalculae</i></p> + + <p><i>Are—puppets, pitiable jackaclocks.</i></p> + + <p><i>Be't as it may elsewhere, upon this + planet</i></p> + + <p><i>There's no free will, only obedience</i></p> + + <p><i>To some blind, deaf, unthinking despotry</i></p> + + <p><i>That justifies the horridest pessimism.</i></p> + + <p><i>Frankly acknowledging all this, I beat</i></p> + + <p><i>A quick but not disorderly retreat.</i></p> + </div> + </div> + + <blockquote> + <p>He re-trajects himself into Space, followed closely by + his Chorus, and by the Spirit and Chorus of the Pities, the + Spirits Sinister and Ironic with their Choruses, Rumours, + Spirit Messengers, and the Recording Angel.</p> + </blockquote> + + <blockquote class="footnote"> + <a id="footnote7" + name="footnote7"></a><b>Footnote 7:</b> + <a href="#footnotetag7">(return)</a> + + <p><i>This has been composed from a scenario thrust on me + by some one else. My philosophy of life saves me from sense + of responsibility for any of my writings; but I venture to + hold myself specially irresponsible for this + one.</i>—TH*M*S H*RDY.</p> + </blockquote><a name="shakespeare" + id="shakespeare"></a> + + <h2>SHAKESPEARE AND CHRISTMAS</h2> + + <h4><i>By</i></h4> + + <h3>FR*NK H*RR*S</h3> + + <p>That Shakespeare hated Christmas—hated it with a venom + utterly alien to the gentle heart in him—I take to be a + proposition that establishes itself automatically. If there is + one thing lucid-obvious in the Plays and Sonnets, it is + Shakespeare's unconquerable loathing of Christmas. The + Professors deny it, however, or deny that it is proven. With + these gentlemen I will deal faithfully. I will meet them on + their own parched ground, making them fertilise it by shedding + there the last drop of the water that flows through their + veins.</p> + + <p>If you find, in the works of a poet whose instinct is to + write about everything under the sun, one obvious theme + untouched, or touched hardly at all, then it is at least + presumable that there was some good reason for that abstinence. + Such a poet was Shakespeare. It was one of the divine frailties + of his genius that he must be ever flying off at a tangent from + his main theme to unpack his heart in words about some + frivolous-small irrelevance that had come into his head. If it + could be shown that he never mentioned Christmas, we should + have proof presumptive that he consciously avoided doing so. + But if the fact is that he did mention it now and again, but in + grudging fashion, without one spark of illumination—he, + the arch-illuminator of all things—then we have proof + positive that he detested it.</p> + + <p>I see Dryasdust thumbing his Concordance. Let my memory save + him the trouble. I will reel him off the one passage in which + Shakespeare spoke of Christmas in words that rise to the level + of mediocrity.</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>Some say that ever 'gainst that season comes</p> + + <p>Wherein our Saviour's birth is celebrated,</p> + + <p>The bird of dawning singeth all night long:</p> + + <p>And then, they say, no spirit dare stir abroad;</p> + + <p>The nights are wholesome; then no planets + strike,</p> + + <p>No fairy takes, nor witch hath power to charm,</p> + + <p>So hallowed and so gracious is the time.</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p>So says Marcellus at Elsinore. This is the best our + Shakespeare can vamp up for the birthday of the Man with whom + he of all men had the most in common. And Dryasdust, eternally + unable to distinguish chalk from cheese, throws up his hands in + admiration of the marvellous poetry. If Dryasdust had written + it, it would more than pass muster. But as coming from + Shakespeare, how feeble-cold—aye, and sulky-sinister! The + greatest praiser the world will ever know!—and all he can + find in his heart to sing of Christmas is a stringing-together + of old women's superstitions! Again and again he has painted + Winter for us as it never has been painted since—never by + Goethe even, though Goethe in more than one of the + <i>Winter-Lieder</i> touched the hem of his garment. There was + every external reason why he should sing, as only he could have + sung, of Christmas. The Queen set great store by it. She and + her courtiers celebrated it year by year with lusty-pious + unction. And thus the ineradicable snob in Shakespeare had the + most potent of all inducements to honour the feast with the + full power that was in him. But he did not, because he would + not. What is the key to the enigma?</p> + + <p>For many years I hunted it vainly. The second time that I + met Carlyle I tried to enlist his sympathy and aid. He sat + pensive for a while and then said that it seemed to him "a + goose-quest." I replied, "You have always a phrase for + everything, Tom, but always the wrong one." He covered his + face, and presently, peering at me through his gnarled fingers, + said "Mon, ye're recht." I discussed the problem with Renan, + with Emerson, with Disraeli, also with Cetewayo—poor + Cetewayo, best and bravest of men, but intellectually a + Professor, like the rest of them. It was borne in on me that if + I were to win to the heart of the mystery I must win alone.</p> + + <p>The solution, when suddenly it dawned on me, was so + simple-stark that I was ashamed of the ingenious-clever ways I + had been following. (I learned then—and perhaps it is the + one lesson worth the learning of any man—that truth may + be approached only through the logic of the heart. For the + heart is eye and ear, and all excellent understanding abides + there.) On Christmas Day, assuredly, Anne Hathaway was + born.</p> + + <p>In what year she was born I do not know nor care. I take it + she was not less than thirty-eight when she married + Shakespeare. This, however, is sheer conjecture, and in no way + important-apt to our inquiry. It is not the year, but the day + of the year, that matters. All we need bear in mind is that on + Christmas Day that woman was born into the world.</p> + + <p>If there be any doubting Thomas among my readers, let him + not be afraid to utter himself. I am (with the possible + exception of Shakespeare) the gentlest man that ever breathed, + and I do but bid him study the Plays in the light I have given + him. The first thing that will strike him is that Shakespeare's + thoughts turned constantly to the birthdays of all his + Fitton-heroines, as a lover's thoughts always do turn to the + moment at which the loved one first saw the light. "There was a + star danced, and under that" was born Beatrice. Juliet was born + "on Lammas Eve." Marina tells us she derived her name from the + chance of her having been "born at sea." And so on, throughout + the whole gamut of women in whom Mary Fitton was bodied forth + to us. But mark how carefully Shakespeare says never a word + about the birthdays of the various shrews and sluts in whom, + again and again, he gave us his wife. When and were was born + Queen Constance, the scold? And Bianca? And Doll Tearsheet, and + "Greasy Jane" in the song, and all the rest of them? It is of + the last importance that we should know. Yet never a hint is + vouchsafed us in the text. It is clear that Shakespeare cannot + bring himself to write about Anne Hathaway's + birthday—will not stain his imagination by thinking of + it. That is entirely human-natural. But why should he loathe + Christmas Day itself with precisely the same loathing? There is + but one answer—and that inevitable-final. The two days + were one.</p> + + <p>Some soul-secrets are so terrible that the most hardened + realist of us may well shrink from laying them bare. Such a + soul-secret was this of Shakespeare's. Think of it! The + gentlest spirit that ever breathed, raging and fuming endlessly + in impotent-bitter spleen against the prettiest of festivals! + Here is a spectacle so tragic-piteous that, try as we will, we + shall not put it from us. And it is well that we should not, + for in our plenary compassion we shall but learn to love the + man the more.</p> + + <blockquote class="note"> + <p>[Mr. Fr*nk H*rr*s is very much a man of genius, and I + should be sorry if this adumbration of his manner made any + one suppose that I do not rate his writings about + Shakespeare higher than those of all "the Professors" + together.—M.B.]</p> + </blockquote><a name="scruts" + id="scruts"></a> + + <h2>SCRUTS</h2> + + <h4><i>By</i></h4> + + <h3>ARN*LD B*NN*TT</h3> + + <h3>I</h3> + + <p>Emily Wrackgarth stirred the Christmas pudding till her + right arm began to ache. But she did not cease for that. She + stirred on till her right arm grew so numb that it might have + been the right arm of some girl at the other end of Bursley. + And yet something deep down in her whispered "It is <i>your</i> + right arm! And you can do what you like with it!"</p> + + <p>She did what she liked with it. Relentlessly she kept it + moving till it reasserted itself as the arm of Emily + Wrackgarth, prickling and tingling as with red-hot needles in + every tendon from wrist to elbow. And still Emily Wrackgarth + hardened her heart.</p> + + <p>Presently she saw the spoon no longer revolving, but + wavering aimlessly in the midst of the basin. Ridiculous! This + must be seen to! In the down of dark hairs that connected her + eyebrows there was a marked deepening of that vertical cleft + which, visible at all times, warned you that here was a young + woman not to be trifled with. Her brain despatched to her hand + a peremptory message—which miscarried. The spoon wabbled + as though held by a baby. Emily knew that she herself as a baby + had been carried into this very kitchen to stir the Christmas + pudding. Year after year, as she grew up, she had been allowed + to stir it "for luck." And those, she reflected, were the only + cookery lessons she ever got. How like Mother!</p> + + <p>Mrs. Wrackgarth had died in the past year, of a complication + of ailments.<a id="footnotetag8" + name="footnotetag8"></a><a href="#footnote8"><sup>8</sup></a> + Emily still wore on her left shoulder that small tag of + crape which is as far as the Five Towns go in the way of + mourning. Her father had died in the year previous to that, + of a still more curious and enthralling complication of + ailments.<a id="footnotetag9" + name="footnotetag9"></a><a href="#footnote9"><sup>9</sup></a> + Jos, his son, carried on the Wrackgarth Works, and Emily + kept house for Jos. She with her own hand had made this + pudding. But for her this pudding would not have been. + Fantastic! Utterly incredible! And yet so it was. She was + grown-up. She was mistress of the house. She could make or + unmake puddings at will. And yet she was Emily Wrackgarth. + Which was absurd.</p> + + <p>She would not try to explain, to reconcile. She abandoned + herself to the exquisite mysteries of existence. And yet in her + abandonment she kept a sharp look-out on herself, trying + fiercely to make head or tail of her nature. She thought + herself a fool. But the fact that she thought so was for her a + proof of adult sapience. Odd! She gave herself up. And yet it + was just by giving herself up that she seemed to glimpse + sometimes her own inwardness. And these bleak revelations + saddened her. But she savoured her sadness. It was the wine of + life to her. And for her sadness she scorned herself, and in + her conscious scorn she recovered her self-respect.</p> + + <p>It is doubtful whether the people of southern England have + even yet realised how much introspection there is going on all + the time in the Five Towns.</p> + + <p>Visible from the window of the Wrackgarths' parlour was that + colossal statue of Commerce which rears itself aloft at the + point where Oodge Lane is intersected by Blackstead Street. + Commerce, executed in glossy Doultonware by some sculptor or + sculptors unknown, stands pointing her thumb over her shoulder + towards the chimneys of far Hanbridge. When I tell you that the + circumference of that thumb is six inches, and the rest to + scale, you will understand that the statue is one of the prime + glories of Bursley. There were times when Emily Wrackgarth + seemed to herself as vast and as lustrously impressive as it. + There were other times when she seemed to herself as trivial + and slavish as one of those performing fleas she had seen at + the Annual Ladies' Evening Fête organised by the Bursley Mutual + Burial Club. Extremist!</p> + + <p>She was now stirring the pudding with her left hand. The + ingredients had already been mingled indistinguishably in that + rich, undulating mass of tawniness which proclaims perfection. + But Emily was determined to give her left hand, not less than + her right, what she called "a doing." Emily was like that.</p> + + <p>At mid-day, when her brother came home from the Works, she + was still at it.</p> + + <p>"Brought those scruts with you?" she asked, without looking + up.</p> + + <p>"That's a fact," he said, dipping his hand into the sagging + pocket of his coat.</p> + + <p>It is perhaps necessary to explain what scruts are. In the + daily output of every potbank there are a certain proportion of + flawed vessels. These are cast aside by the foreman, with a + lordly gesture, and in due course are hammered into fragments. + These fragments, which are put to various uses, are called + scruts; and one of the uses they are put to is a sentimental + one. The dainty and luxurious Southerner looks to find in his + Christmas pudding a wedding-ring, a gold thimble, a + threepenny-bit, or the like. To such fal-lals the Five Towns + would say fie. A Christmas pudding in the Five Towns contains + nothing but suet, flour, lemon-peel, cinnamon, brandy, almonds, + raisins—and two or three scruts. There is a world of + poetry, beauty, romance, in scruts—though you have to + have been brought up on them to appreciate it. Scruts have + passed into the proverbial philosophy of the district. "Him's a + pudden with more scruts than raisins to 'm" is a criticism not + infrequently heard. It implies respect, even admiration. Of + Emily Wrackgarth herself people often said, in reference to her + likeness to her father, "Her's a scrut o' th' owd basin."</p> + + <p>Jos had emptied out from his pocket on to the table a good + three dozen of scruts. Emily laid aside her spoon, rubbed the + palms of her hands on the bib of her apron, and proceeded to + finger these scruts with the air of a connoisseur, rejecting + one after another. The pudding was a small one, designed merely + for herself and Jos, with remainder to "the girl"; so that it + could hardly accommodate more than two or three scruts. Emily + knew well that one scrut is as good as another. Yet she did not + want her brother to feel that anything selected by him would + necessarily pass muster with her. For his benefit she + ostentatiously wrinkled her nose.</p> + + <p>"By the by," said Jos, "you remember Albert Grapp? I've + asked him to step over from Hanbridge and help eat our snack on + Christmas Day."</p> + + <p>Emily gave Jos one of her looks. "You've asked that Mr. + Grapp?"</p> + + <p>"No objection, I hope? He's not a bad sort. And he's + considered a bit of a ladies' man, you know."</p> + + <p>She gathered up all the scruts and let them fall in a + rattling shower on the exiguous pudding. Two or three fell wide + of the basin. These she added.</p> + + <p>"Steady on!" cried Jos. "What's that for?"</p> + + <p>"That's for your guest," replied his sister. "And if you + think you're going to palm me off on to him, or on to any other + young fellow, you're a fool, Jos Wrackgarth."</p> + + <p>The young man protested weakly, but she cut him short.</p> + + <p>"Don't think," she said, "I don't know what you've been + after, just of late. Cracking up one young sawny and then + another on the chance of me marrying him! I never heard of such + goings on. But here I am, and here I'll stay, as sure as my + name's Emily Wrackgarth, Jos Wrackgarth!"</p> + + <p>She was the incarnation of the adorably feminine. She was + exquisitely vital. She exuded at every pore the pathos of her + young undirected force. It is difficult to write calmly about + her. For her, in another age, ships would have been launched + and cities besieged. But brothers are a race apart, and blind. + It is a fact that Jos would have been glad to see his sister + "settled"—preferably in one of the other four Towns.</p> + + <p>She took up the spoon and stirred vigorously. The scruts + grated and squeaked together around the basin, while the + pudding feebly wormed its way up among them.</p> + + <h3>II.</h3> + + <p>Albert Grapp, ladies' man though he was, was humble of + heart. Nobody knew this but himself. Not one of his fellow + clerks in Clither's Bank knew it. The general theory in + Hanbridge was "Him's got a stiff opinion o' hisself." But this + arose from what was really a sign of humility in him. He made + the most of himself. He had, for instance, a way of his own in + the matter of dressing. He always wore a voluminous frock-coat, + with a pair of neatly-striped vicuna trousers, which he placed + every night under his mattress, thus preserving in perfection + the crease down the centre of each. His collar was of the + highest, secured in front with an aluminium stud, to which was + attached by a patent loop a natty bow of dove-coloured sateen. + He had two caps, one of blue serge, the other of shepherd's + plaid. These he wore on alternate days. He wore them in a way + of his own—well back from his forehead, so as not to hide + his hair, and with the peak behind. The peak made a sort of + half-moon over the back of his collar. Through a fault of his + tailor, there was a yawning gap between the back of his collar + and the collar of his coat. Whenever he shook his head, the + peak of his cap had the look of a live thing trying to + investigate this abyss. Dimly aware of the effect, Albert Grapp + shook his head as seldom as possible.</p> + + <p>On wet days he wore a mackintosh. This, as he did not yet + possess a great-coat, he wore also, but with less glory, on + cold days. He had hoped there might be rain on Christmas + morning. But there was no rain. "Like my luck," he said as he + came out of his lodgings and turned his steps to that corner of + Jubilee Avenue from which the Hanbridge-Bursley trams start + every half-hour.</p> + + <p>Since Jos Wrackgarth had introduced him to his sister at the + Hanbridge Oddfellows' Biennial Hop, when he danced two + quadrilles with her, he had seen her but once. He had nodded to + her, Five Towns fashion, and she had nodded back at him, but + with a look that seemed to say "You needn't nod next time you + see me. I can get along well enough without your nods." A + frightening girl! And yet her brother had since told him she + seemed "a bit gone, like" on him. Impossible! He, Albert Grapp, + make an impression on the brilliant Miss Wrackgarth! Yet she + had sent him a verbal invite to spend Christmas in her own + home. And the time had come. He was on his way. Incredible that + he should arrive! The tram must surely overturn, or be struck + by lightning. And yet no! He arrived safely.</p> + + <p>The small servant who opened the door gave him another + verbal message from Miss Wrackgarth. It was that he must wipe + his feet "well" on the mat. In obeying this order he + experienced a thrill of satisfaction he could not account for. + He must have stood shuffling his boots vigorously for a full + minute. This, he told himself, was life. He, Albert Grapp, was + alive. And the world was full of other men, all alive; and yet, + because they were not doing Miss Wrackgarth's bidding, none of + them really lived. He was filled with a vague melancholy. But + his melancholy pleased him.</p> + + <p>In the parlour he found Jos awaiting him. The table was laid + for three.</p> + + <p>"So you're here, are you?" said the host, using the Five + Towns formula. "Emily's in the kitchen," he added. "Happen + she'll be here directly."</p> + + <p>"I hope she's tol-lol-ish?" asked Albert.</p> + + <p>"She is," said Jos. "But don't you go saying that to her. + She doesn't care about society airs and graces. You'll make no + headway if you aren't blunt."</p> + + <p>"Oh, right you are," said Albert, with the air of a man who + knew his way about.</p> + + <p>A moment later Emily joined them, still wearing her kitchen + apron. "So you're here, are you?" she said, but did not shake + hands. The servant had followed her in with the tray, and the + next few seconds were occupied in the disposal of the beef and + trimmings.</p> + + <p>The meal began, Emily carving. The main thought of a man + less infatuated than Albert Grapp would have been "This girl + can't cook. And she'll never learn to." The beef, instead of + being red and brown, was pink and white. Uneatable beef! And + yet he relished it more than anything he had ever tasted. This + beef was her own handiwork. Thus it was because she had made it + so.... He warily refrained from complimenting her, but the idea + of a second helping obsessed him.</p> + + <p>"Happen I could do with a bit more, like," he said.</p> + + <p>Emily hacked off the bit more and jerked it on to the plate + he had held out to her.</p> + + <p>"Thanks," he said; and then, as Emily's lip curled, and Jos + gave him a warning kick under the table, he tried to look as if + he had said nothing.</p> + + <p>Only when the second course came on did he suspect that the + meal was a calculated protest against his presence. This a + Christmas pudding? The litter of fractured earthenware was + hardly held together by the suet and raisins. All his pride of + manhood—and there was plenty of pride mixed up with + Albert Grapp's humility—dictated a refusal to touch that + pudding. Yet he soon found himself touching it, though + gingerly, with his spoon and fork.</p> + + <p>In the matter of dealing with scruts there are two + schools—the old and the new. The old school pushes its + head well over its plate and drops the scrut straight from its + mouth. The new school emits the scrut into the fingers of its + left hand and therewith deposits it on the rim of the plate. + Albert noticed that Emily was of the new school. But might she + not despise as affectation in him what came natural to herself? + On the other hand, if he showed himself as a prop of the old + school, might she not set her face the more stringently against + him? The chances were that whichever course he took would be + the wrong one.</p> + + <p>It was then that he had an inspiration—an idea of the + sort that comes to a man once in his life and finds him, likely + as not, unable to put it into practice. Albert was not sure he + could consummate this idea of his. He had indisputably fine + teeth—"a proper mouthful of grinders" in local phrase. + But would they stand the strain he was going to impose on them? + He could but try them. Without a sign of nervousness he raised + his spoon, with one scrut in it, to his mouth. This scrut he + put between two of his left-side molars, bit hard on it, + and—eternity of that moment!—felt it and heard it + snap in two. Emily also heard it. He was conscious that at + sound of the percussion she started forward and stared at him. + But he did not look at her. Calmly, systematically, with + gradually diminishing crackles, he reduced that scrut to + powder, and washed the powder down with a sip of beer. While he + dealt with the second scrut he talked to Jos about the Borough + Council's proposal to erect an electric power-station on the + site of the old gas-works down Hillport way. He was aware of a + slight abrasion inside his left cheek. No matter. He must be + more careful. There were six scruts still to be negotiated. He + knew that what he was doing was a thing grandiose, unique, + epical; a history-making thing; a thing that would outlive + marble and the gilded monuments of princes. Yet he kept his + head. He did not hurry, nor did he dawdle. Scrut by scrut, he + ground slowly but he ground exceeding small. And while he did + so he talked wisely and well. He passed from the power-station + to a first edition of Leconte de Lisle's "Parnasse + Contemporain" that he had picked up for sixpence in Liverpool, + and thence to the Midland's proposal to drive a tunnel under + the Knype Canal so as to link up the main-line with the + Critchworth and Suddleford loop-line. Jos was too amazed to put + in a word. Jos sat merely gaping—a gape that merged by + imperceptible degrees into a grin. Presently he ceased to watch + his guest. He sat watching his sister.</p> + + <p>Not once did Albert himself glance in her direction. She was + just a dim silhouette on the outskirts of his vision. But there + she was, unmoving, and he could feel the fixture of her unseen + eyes. The time was at hand when he would have to meet those + eyes. Would he flinch? Was he master of himself?</p> + + <p>The last scrut was powder. No temporising! He jerked his + glass to his mouth. A moment later, holding out his plate to + her, he looked Emily full in the eyes. They were Emily's eyes, + but not hers alone. They were collective eyes—that was + it! They were the eyes of stark, staring womanhood. Her face + had been dead white, but now suddenly up from her throat, over + her cheeks, through the down between her eyebrows, went a rush + of colour, up over her temples, through the very parting of her + hair.</p> + + <p>"Happen," he said without a quaver in his voice, "I'll have + a bit more, like."</p> + + <p>She flung her arms forward on the table and buried her face + in them. It was a gesture wild and meek. It was the gesture + foreseen and yet incredible. It was recondite, inexplicable, + and yet obvious. It was the only thing to be done—and + yet, by gum, she had done it.</p> + + <p>Her brother had risen from his seat and was now at the door. + "Think I'll step round to the Works," he said, "and see if they + banked up that furnace aright."</p> + + <blockquote class="note"> + <p>NOTE.—<i>The author has in preparation a series of + volumes dealing with the life of Albert and Emily + Grapp.</i></p> + </blockquote> + + <blockquote class="footnote"> + <a id="footnote8" + name="footnote8"></a><b>Footnote 8:</b> + <a href="#footnotetag8">(return)</a> + + <p>See "The History of Sarah Wrackgarth," pp. 345-482.</p> + </blockquote> + + <blockquote class="footnote"> + <a id="footnote9" + name="footnote9"></a><b>Footnote 9:</b> + <a href="#footnotetag9">(return)</a> + + <p>See "The History of Sarah Wrackgarth," pp. 231-344.</p> + </blockquote><a name="endeavour" + id="endeavour"></a> + + <h2>ENDEAVOUR</h2> + + <h4><i>By</i></h4> + + <h3>J*HN G*LSW*RTHY</h3> + + <p>The dawn of Christmas Day found London laid out in a shroud + of snow. Like a body wasted by diseases that had triumphed over + it at last, London lay stark and still now, beneath a sky that + was as the closed leaden shell of a coffin. It was what is + called an old-fashioned Christmas.</p> + + <p>Nothing seemed to be moving except the Thames, whose + embanked waters flowed on sullenly in their eternal act of + escape to the sea. All along the wan stretch of Cheyne Walk the + thin trees stood exanimate, with not a breath of wind to stir + the snow that pied their soot-blackened branches. Here and + there on the muffled ground lay a sparrow that had been frozen + in the night, its little claws sticking up heavenward. But here + and there also those tinier adventurers of the London air, + smuts, floated vaguely and came to rest on the snow—signs + that in the seeming death of civilisation some housemaids at + least survived, and some fires had been lit.</p> + + <p>One of these fires, crackling in the grate of one of those + dining-rooms which look fondly out on the river and tolerantly + across to Battersea, was being watched by the critical eye of + an aged canary. The cage in which this bird sat was hung in the + middle of the bow-window. It contained three perches, and also + a pendent hoop. The tray that was its floor had just been + cleaned and sanded. In the embrasure to the right was a fresh + supply of hemp-seed; in the embrasure to the left the bath-tub + had just been refilled with clear water. Stuck between the bars + was a large sprig of groundsel. Yet, though all was thus in + order, the bird did not eat nor drink, nor did he bathe. With + his back to Battersea, and his head sunk deep between his + little sloping shoulders, he watched the fire. The windows had + for a while been opened, as usual, to air the room for him; and + the fire had not yet mitigated the chill. It was not his custom + to bathe at so inclement an hour; and his appetite for food and + drink, less keen than it had once been, required to be whetted + by example—he never broke his fast before his master and + mistress broke theirs. Time had been when, for sheer joy in + life, he fluttered from perch to perch, though there were none + to watch him, and even sang roulades, though there were none to + hear. He would not do these things nowadays save at the fond + instigation of Mr. and Mrs. Adrian Berridge. The housemaid who + ministered to his cage, the parlourmaid who laid the Berridges' + breakfast table, sometimes tried to incite him to perform for + their own pleasure. But the sense of caste, strong in his + protuberant little bosom, steeled him against these + advances.</p> + + <p>While the breakfast-table was being laid, he heard a faint + tap against the window-pane. Turning round, he perceived on the + sill a creature like to himself, but very different—a + creature who, despite the pretensions of a red waistcoat in the + worst possible taste, belonged evidently to the ranks of the + outcast and the disinherited. In previous winters the sill had + been strewn every morning with bread-crumbs. This winter, no + bread-crumbs had been vouchsafed; and the canary, though he did + not exactly understand why this was so, was glad that so it + was. He had felt that his poor relations took advantage of the + Berridges' kindness. Two or three of them, as pensioners, might + not have been amiss. But they came in swarms, and they gobbled + their food in a disgusting fashion, not trifling coquettishly + with it as birds should. The reason for this, the canary knew, + was that they were hungry; and of that he was sorry. He hated + to think how much destitution there was in the world; and he + could not help thinking about it when samples of it were thrust + under his notice. That was the principal reason why he was glad + that the window-sill was strewn no more and seldom visited.</p> + + <p>He would much rather not have seen this solitary applicant. + The two eyes fixed on his made him feel very uncomfortable. And + yet, for fear of seeming to be outfaced, he did not like to + look away.</p> + + <p>The subdued clangour of the gong, sounded for breakfast, + gave him an excuse for turning suddenly round and watching the + door of the room.</p> + + <p>A few moments later there came to him a faint odour of + Harris tweed, followed immediately by the short, somewhat stout + figure of his master—a man whose mild, fresh, pink, round + face seemed to find salvation, as it were, at the last moment, + in a neatly-pointed auburn beard.</p> + + <p>Adrian Berridge paused on the threshold, as was his wont, + with closed eyes and dilated nostrils, enjoying the aroma of + complex freshness which the dining-room had at this hour. + Pathetically a creature of habit, he liked to savour the + various scents, sweet or acrid, that went to symbolise for him + the time and the place. Here were the immediate scents of dry + toast, of China tea of napery fresh from the wash, together + with that vague, super-subtle scent which boiled eggs give out + through their unbroken shells. And as a permanent base to these + there was the scent of much-polished Chippendale, and of + bees'-waxed parquet, and of Persian rugs. To-day, moreover, + crowning the composition, there was the delicate pungency of + the holly that topped the Queen Anne mirror and the Mantegna + prints.</p> + + <p>Coming forward into the room, Mr. Berridge greeted the + canary. "Well, Amber, old fellow," he said, "a happy Christmas + to you!" Affectionately he pushed the tip of a plump white + finger between the bars. "Tweet!" he added.</p> + + <p>"Tweet!" answered the bird, hopping to and fro along his + perch.</p> + + <p>"Quite an old-fashioned Christmas, Amber!" said Mr. + Berridge, turning to scan the weather. At sight of the robin, a + little spasm of pain contracted his face. A shine of tears came + to his prominent pale eyes, and he turned quickly away. Just at + that moment, heralded by a slight fragrance of old lace and of + that peculiar, almost unseizable odour that uncut turquoises + have, Mrs. Berridge appeared.</p> + + <p>"What is the matter, Adrian?" she asked quickly. She glanced + sideways into the Queen Anne mirror, her hand fluttering, like + a pale moth, to her hair, which she always wore braided in a + fashion she had derived from Pollaiuolo's St. Ursula.</p> + + <p>"Nothing, Jacynth—nothing," he answered with a + lightness that carried no conviction; and he made behind his + back a gesture to frighten away the robin.</p> + + <p>"Amber isn't unwell, is he?" She came quickly to the cage. + Amber executed for her a roulade of great sweetness. His voice + had not perhaps the fullness for which it had been noted in + earlier years; but the art with which he managed it was as + exquisite as ever. It was clear to his audience that the + veteran artist was hale and hearty.</p> + + <p>But Jacynth, relieved on one point, had a misgiving on + another. "This groundsel doesn't look very fresh, does it?" she + murmured, withdrawing the sprig from the bars. She rang the + bell, and when the servant came in answer to it said, "Oh + Jenny, will you please bring up another piece of groundsel for + Master Amber? I don't think this one is quite fresh."</p> + + <p>This formal way of naming the canary to the servants always + jarred on her principles and on those of her husband. They + tried to regard their servants as essentially equals of + themselves, and lately had given Jenny strict orders to leave + off calling them "Sir" and "Ma'am," and to call them simply + "Adrian" and "Jacynth." But Jenny, after one or two efforts + that ended in faint giggles, had reverted to the crude old + nomenclature—as much to the relief as to the + mortification of the Berridges. They did, it is true, discuss + the possibility of redressing the balance by calling the + parlourmaid "Miss." But, when it came to the point, their lips + refused this office. And conversely their lips persisted in the + social prefix to the bird's name.</p> + + <p>Somehow that anomaly seemed to them symbolic of their lives. + Both of them yearned so wistfully to live always in accordance + to the nature of things. And this, they felt, ought surely to + be the line of least resistance. In the immense difficulties it + presented, and in their constant failures to surmount these + difficulties, they often wondered whether the nature of things + might not be, after all, something other than what they thought + it. Again and again it seemed to be in as direct conflict with + duty as with inclination; so that they were driven to wonder + also whether what they conceived to be duty were not also a + mirage—a marsh-light leading them on to disaster.</p> + + <p>The fresh groundsel was brought in while Jacynth was pouring + out the tea. She rose and took it to the cage; and it was then + that she too saw the robin, still fluttering on the sill. With + a quick instinct she knew that Adrian had seen it—knew + what had brought that look to his face. She went and, bending + over him, laid a hand on his shoulder. The disturbance of her + touch caused the tweed to give out a tremendous volume of + scent, making her feel a little dizzy.</p> + + <p>"Adrian," she faltered, "mightn't we for once—it is + Christmas Day—mightn't we, just to-day, sprinkle some + bread-crumbs?"</p> + + <p>He rose from the table, and leaned against the mantelpiece, + looking down at the fire. She watched him tensely. At length, + "Oh Jacynth," he groaned, "don't—don't tempt me."</p> + + <p>"But surely, dear, surely—"</p> + + <p>"Jacynth, don't you remember that long talk we had last + winter, after the annual meeting of the Feathered Friends' + League, and how we agreed that those sporadic doles could do no + real good—must even degrade the birds who received + them—and that we had no right to meddle in what ought to + be done by collective action of the State?"</p> + + <p>"Yes, and—oh my dear, I do still agree, with all my + heart. But if the State will do + nothing—nothing—"</p> + + <p>"It won't, it daren't, go on doing nothing, unless we + encourage it to do so. Don't you see, Jacynth, it is just + because so many people take it on themselves to feed a few + birds here and there that the State feels it can afford to + shirk the responsibility?"</p> + + <p>"All that is fearfully true. But just now—Adrian, the + look in that robin's eyes—"</p> + + <p>Berridge covered his own eyes, as though to blot out from + his mind the memory of that look. But Jacynth was not silenced. + She felt herself dragged on by her sense of duty to savour, and + to make her husband savour, the full bitterness that the + situation could yield for them both. "Adrian," she said, "a + fearful thought came to me. Suppose—suppose it had been + Amber!"</p> + + <p>Even before he shuddered at the thought, he raised his + finger to his lips, glancing round at the cage. It was clear + that Amber had not overheard Jacynth's remark, for he threw + back his head and uttered one of his blithest trills. Adrian, + thus relieved, was free to shudder at the thought just + suggested.</p> + + <p>"Sometimes," murmured Jacynth, "I wonder if we, holding the + views we hold, are justified in keeping Amber."</p> + + <p>"Ah, dear, we took him in our individualistic days. We + cannot repudiate him now. It wouldn't be fair. Besides, you + see, he isn't here on a basis of mere charity. He's not a + parasite, but an artist. He gives us of his art."</p> + + <p>"Yes, dear, I know. But you remember our doubts about the + position of artists in the community—whether the State + ought to sanction them at all."</p> + + <p>"True. But we cannot visit those doubts on our old friend + yonder, can we, dear? At the same time, I admit that + when—when—Jacynth, if ever anything happens to + Amber, we shall perhaps not be justified in keeping another + bird."</p> + + <p>"Don't, please don't talk of such things." She moved to the + window. Snow, a delicate white powder, was falling on the + coverlet of snow.</p> + + <p>Outside, on the sill, the importunate robin lay supine, his + little heart beating no more behind the shabby finery of his + breast, but his glazing eyes half-open as though even in death + he were still questioning. Above him and all around him brooded + the genius of infinity, dispassionate, inscrutable, grey.</p> + + <p>Jacynth turned and mutely beckoned her husband to the + window.</p> + + <p>They stood there, these two, gazing silently down.</p> + + <p>Presently Jacynth said: "Adrian, are you sure that we, you + and I, for all our theories, and all our efforts, aren't + futile?"</p> + + <p>"No, dear. Sometimes I am not sure. But—there's a + certain comfort in not being sure. To die for what one knows to + be true, as many saints have done—that is well. But to + live, as many of us do nowadays, in service of what may, for + aught we know, be only a half-truth or not true at + all—this seems to me nobler still."</p> + + <p>"Because it takes more out of us?"</p> + + <p>"Because it takes more out of us."</p> + + <p>Standing between the live bird and the dead, they gazed + across the river, over the snow-covered wharves, over the dim, + slender chimneys from which no smoke came, into the grey-black + veil of the distance. And it seemed to them that the genius of + infinity did not know—perhaps did not even + care—whether they were futile or not, nor how much and to + what purpose, if to any purpose, they must go on + striving.</p><a name="christmas" + id="christmas"></a> + + <h2>CHRISTMAS</h2> + + <h4><i>By</i></h4> + + <h3>G.S. STR**T</h3> + + <p>One likes it or not. This said, there is plaguey little else + to say of Christmas, and I (though I doubt my sentiments touch + you not at all) would rather leave that little unsaid. Did I + confess a distaste for Christmas, I should incur your enmity. + But if I find it, as I protest I do, rather agreeable than + otherwise, why should I spoil my pleasure by stringing vain + words about it? Swift and the broomstick—yes. But that + essay was done at the behest of a clever woman, and to annoy + the admirers of Robert Boyle. Besides, it was hardly—or + do you think it was?—worth the trouble of doing it. There + was no trouble involved? Possibly. But I am not the Dean. And + anyhow the fact that he never did anything of the kind again + may be taken to imply that he would not be bothered. So would + not I, if I had a deanery.</p> + + <p>That is an hypothesis I am tempted to pursue. I should like + to fill my allotted space before reaching the tiresome theme I + have set myself ... A deanery, the cawing of rooks, their + effect on the nervous system, Trollope's delineations of deans, + the advantages of the Mid-Victorian novel ... But your + discursive essayist is a nuisance. Best come to the point. The + bore is in finding a point to come to. Besides, the chances are + that any such point will have long ago been worn blunt by a + score of more active seekers. Alas!</p> + + <p>Since I wrote the foregoing words, I have been out for a + long walk, in search of inspiration, through the streets of + what is called the West End. Snobbishly so called. Why draw + these crude distinctions? We all know that Mayfair happens to + lie a few miles further west than Whitechapel. It argues a lack + of breeding to go on calling attention to the fact. If the + people of Whitechapel were less beautiful or less well-mannered + or more ignorant than we, there might be some excuse. But they + are not so. True, themselves talk about the East End, but this + only makes the matter worse. To a sensitive ear their phrase + has a ring of ironic humility that jars not less than our own + coarse boastfulness. Heaven knows they have a right to be + ironic, and who shall blame them for exercising it? All the + same, this sort of thing worries me horribly.</p> + + <p>I said that I found Christmas rather agreeable than + otherwise. But I was speaking as one accustomed to live mostly + in the past. The walk I have just taken, refreshing in itself, + has painfully reminded me that I cannot hit it off with the + present. My life is in the later days of the eighteenth and the + earlier days of the nineteenth century. This twentieth affair + is as a vision, dimly foreseen at odd moments, and put from me + with a slight shudder. My actual Christmases are spent (say) in + Holland House, which has but recently been built. Little + Charles Fox is allowed by his father to join us for the earlier + stages of dessert. I am conscious of patting him on the head + and predicting for him a distinguished future. A very bright + little fellow, with his father's eyes! Or again, I am down at + Newstead. Byron is in his wildest spirits, a shade too + uproarious. I am glad to escape into the park and stroll a + quiet hour on the arm of Mr. Hughes Ball. Years pass. The + approach of Christmas finds one loth to leave one's usual + haunts. One is on one's way to one's club to dine with Postumus + and dear old "Wigsby" Pendennis, quietly at one's consecrated + table near the fireplace. As one is crossing St. James's Street + an ear-piercing grunt causes one to reel back just in time to + be not run over by a motor-car. Inside is a woman who scowls + down at one through the window—"Serve you right if we'd + gone over you." Yes, I often have these awakenings to + fact—or rather these provisions of what life might be if + I survived into the twentieth century. Alas!</p> + + <p>I have mentioned that woman in the motor-car because she is + germane to my theme. She typifies the vices of the modern + Christmas. For her, by the absurd accident of her wealth, there + is no distinction between people who have not motor-cars and + people who might as well be run over. But I wrong her. If we + others were all run over, there would be no one before whom she + could flaunt her loathsome air of superiority. And what would + she do then, poor thing? I doubt she would die of + boredom—painfully, one hopes. In the same way, if the + shop-keepers in Bond Street knew there was no one who could not + afford to buy the things in their windows, there would be an + end to the display that makes those windows intolerable (to you + and me) during the month of December. I had often suspected + that the things there were not meant to be bought by people who + could buy them, but merely to irritate the rest. This afternoon + I was sure of it. Not in one window anything a sane person + would give to any one not an idiot, but everywhere a general + glossy grin out at people who are not plutocrats. This sort of + thing lashes me to ungovernable fury. The lion is roused, and I + recognise in myself a born leader of men. Be so good as to + smash those windows for me.</p> + + <p>One does not like to think that Christmas has been snapped + up, docked of its old-world kindliness, and pressed into the + service of an odious ostentation. But so it has. Alas! The + thought of Father Christmas trudging through the snow to the + homes of gentle and simple alike (forgive that stupid, snobbish + phrase) was agreeable. But Father Christmas in red plush + breeches, lounging on the doorstep of Sir Gorgius + Midas—one averts one's eyes.</p> + + <p>I have—now I come to think of it—another + objection to the modern Christmas. It would be affectation to + pretend not to know that there are many Jews living in England, + and in London especially. I have always had a deep respect for + that race, their distinction in intellect and in character. + Being not one of them, I may in their behalf put a point which + themselves would be the last to suggest. I hope they will + acquit me of impertinence in doing this. You, in your turn, + must acquit me of sentimentalism. The Jews are a minority, and + as such must take their chances. But may not a majority refrain + from pressing its rights to the utmost? It is well that we + should celebrate Christmas heartily, and all that. But we could + do so without an emphasis that seems to me, in the + circumstances, 'tother side good taste. "Good taste" is a + hateful phrase. But it escaped me in the heat of the moment. + Alas!</p><a name="feast" + id="feast"></a> + + <h2>THE FEAST</h2> + + <h4><i>By</i></h4> + + <h3>J*S*PH C*NR*D</h3> + + <p>The hut in which slept the white man was on a clearing + between the forest and the river. Silence, the silence + murmurous and unquiet of a tropical night, brooded over the hut + that, baked through by the sun, sweated a vapour beneath the + cynical light of the stars. Mahamo lay rigid and watchful at + the hut's mouth. In his upturned eyes, and along the polished + surface of his lean body black and immobile, the stars were + reflected, creating an illusion of themselves who are + illusions.</p> + + <p>The roofs of the congested trees, writhing in some kind of + agony private and eternal, made tenebrous and shifty + silhouettes against the sky, like shapes cut out of black paper + by a maniac who pushes them with his thumb this way and that, + irritably, on a concave surface of blue steel. Resin oozed + unseen from the upper branches to the trunks swathed in + creepers that clutched and interlocked with tendrils venomous, + frantic and faint. Down below, by force of habit, the lush + herbage went through the farce of growth—that farce old + and screaming, whose trite end is decomposition.</p> + + <p>Within the hut the form of the white man, corpulent and + pale, was covered with a mosquito-net that was itself illusory + like everything else, only more so. Flying squadrons of + mosquitoes inside its meshes flickered and darted over him, + working hard, but keeping silence so as not to excite him from + sleep. Cohorts of yellow ants disputed him against cohorts of + purple ants, the two kinds slaying one another in thousands. + The battle was undecided when suddenly, with no such warning as + it gives in some parts of the world, the sun blazed up over the + horizon, turning night into day, and the insects vanished back + into their camps.</p> + + <p>The white man ground his knuckles into the corners of his + eyes, emitting that snore final and querulous of a middle-aged + man awakened rudely. With a gesture brusque but flaccid he + plucked aside the net and peered around. The bales of cotton + cloth, the beads, the brass wire, the bottles of rum, had not + been spirited away in the night. So far so good. The faithful + servant of his employers was now at liberty to care for his own + interests. He regarded himself, passing his hands over his + skin.</p> + + <p>"Hi! Mahamo!" he shouted. "I've been eaten up."</p> + + <p>The islander, with one sinuous motion, sprang from the + ground, through the mouth of the hut. Then, after a glance, he + threw high his hands in thanks to such good and evil spirits as + had charge of his concerns. In a tone half of reproach, half of + apology, he murmured—</p> + + <p>"You white men sometimes say strange things that deceive the + heart."</p> + + <p>"Reach me that ammonia bottle, d'you hear?" answered the + white man. "This is a pretty place you've brought me to!" He + took a draught. "Christmas Day, too! Of all the —— + But I suppose it seems all right to you, you funny blackamoor, + to be here on Christmas Day?"</p> + + <p>"We are here on the day appointed, Mr. Williams. It is a + feast-day of your people?"</p> + + <p>Mr. Williams had lain back, with closed eyes, on his mat. + Nostalgia was doing duty to him for imagination. He was wafted + to a bedroom in Marylebone, where in honour of the Day he lay + late dozing, with great contentment; outside, a slush of snow + in the street, the sound of church-bells; from below a savour + of especial cookery. "Yes," he said, "it's a feast-day of my + people."</p> + + <p>"Of mine also," said the islander humbly.</p> + + <p>"Is it though? But they'll do business first?"</p> + + <p>"They must first do that."</p> + + <p>"And they'll bring their ivory with them?"</p> + + <p>"Every man will bring ivory," answered the islander, with a + smile gleaming and wide.</p> + + <p>"How soon'll they be here?"</p> + + <p>"Has not the sun risen? They are on their way."</p> + + <p>"Well, I hope they'll hurry. The sooner we're off this + cursed island of yours the better. Take all those things out," + Mr. Williams added, pointing to the merchandise, "and arrange + them—neatly, mind you!"</p> + + <p>In certain circumstances it is right that a man be humoured + in trifles. Mahamo, having borne out the merchandise, arranged + it very neatly.</p> + + <p>While Mr. Williams made his toilet, the sun and the forest, + careless of the doings of white and black men alike, waged + their warfare implacable and daily. The forest from its inmost + depths sent forth perpetually its legions of shadows that fell + dead in the instant of exposure to the enemy whose rays heroic + and absurd its outposts annihilated. There came from those + inilluminable depths the equable rumour of myriads of winged + things and crawling things newly roused to the task of killing + and being killed. Thence detached itself, little by little, an + insidious sound of a drum beaten. This sound drew more + near.</p> + + <p>Mr. Williams, issuing from the hut, heard it, and stood + gaping towards it.</p> + + <p>"Is that them?" he asked.</p> + + <p>"That is they," the islander murmured, moving away towards + the edge of the forest.</p> + + <p>Sounds of chanting were a now audible accompaniment to the + drum.</p> + + <p>"What's that they're singing?" asked Mr. Williams.</p> + + <p>"They sing of their business," said Mahamo.</p> + + <p>"Oh!" Mr. Williams was slightly shocked. "I'd have thought + they'd be singing of their feast."</p> + + <p>"It is of their feast they sing."</p> + + <p>It has been stated that Mr. Williams was not imaginative. + But a few years of life in climates alien and intemperate had + disordered his nerves. There was that in the rhythms of the + hymn which made bristle his flesh.</p> + + <p>Suddenly, when they were very near, the voices ceased, + leaving a legacy of silence more sinister than themselves. And + now the black spaces between the trees were relieved by bits of + white that were the eyeballs and teeth of Mahamo's + brethren.</p> + + <p>"It was of their feast, it was of you, they sang," said + Mahamo.</p> + + <p>"Look here," cried Mr. Williams in his voice of a man not to + be trifled with. "Look here, if you've—"</p> + + <p>He was silenced by sight of what seemed to be a young + sapling sprung up from the ground within a yard of him—a + young sapling tremulous, with a root of steel. Then a + thread-like shadow skimmed the air, and another spear came + impinging the ground within an inch of his feet.</p> + + <p>As he turned in his flight he saw the goods so neatly + arranged at his orders, and there flashed through him, even in + the thick of the spears, the thought that he would be a grave + loss to his employers. This—for Mr. Williams was, not + less than the goods, of a kind easily replaced—was an + illusion. It was the last of Mr. Williams + illusions.</p><a name="recollection" + id="recollection"></a> + + <h2>A RECOLLECTION</h2> + + <h4><i>By</i></h4> + + <h3>EDM*ND G*SSE</h3> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i10">"And let us strew</p> + + <p>Twain wreaths of holly and of yew."</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p class="author">WALLER.</p> + + <p>One out of many Christmas Days abides with peculiar + vividness in my memory. In setting down, however clumsily, some + slight record of it, I feel that I shall be discharging a duty + not only to the two disparately illustrious men who made it so + very memorable, but also to all young students of English and + Scandinavian literature. My use of the first person singular, + delightful though that pronoun is in the works of the truly + gifted, jars unspeakably on me; but reasons of space baulk my + sober desire to call myself merely the present writer, or the + infatuated go-between, or the cowed and imponderable young + person who was in attendance.</p> + + <p>In the third week of December, 1878, taking the opportunity + of a brief and undeserved vacation, I went to Venice. On the + morning after my arrival, in answer to a most kind and cordial + summons, I presented myself at the Palazzo Rezzonico. Intense + as was the impression he always made even in London, I think + that those of us who met Robert Browning only in the stress and + roar of that metropolis can hardly have gauged the fullness of + his potentialities for impressing. Venice, "so weak, so quiet," + as Mr. Ruskin had called her, was indeed the ideal setting for + one to whom neither of those epithets could by any possibility + have been deemed applicable. The steamboats that now wake the + echoes of the canals had not yet been imported; but the + vitality of the imported poet was in some measure a preparation + for them. It did not, however, find me quite prepared for + itself, and I am afraid that some minutes must have elapsed + before I could, as it were, find my feet in the torrent of his + geniality and high spirits, and give him news of his friends in + London.</p> + + <p>He was at that time engaged in revising the proof-sheets of + "Dramatic Idylls," and after luncheon, to which he very kindly + bade me remain, he read aloud certain selected passages. The + yellow haze of a wintry Venetian sunshine poured in through the + vast windows of his <i>salone</i>, making an aureole around his + silvered head. I would give much to live that hour over again. + But it was vouchsafed in days before the Browning Society came + and made everything so simple for us all. I am afraid that + after a few minutes I sat enraptured by the sound rather than + by the sense of the lines. I find, in the notes I made of the + occasion, that I figured myself as plunging through some + enchanted thicket on the back of an inspired bull.</p> + + <p>That evening, as I was strolling in Piazza San Marco, my + thoughts of Browning were all of a sudden scattered by the + vision of a small, thick-set man seated at one of the tables in + the Café Florian. This was—and my heart leapt like a + young trout when I saw that it could be none other + than—Henrik Ibsen. Whether joy or fear was the + predominant emotion in me, I should be hard put to it to say. + It had been my privilege to correspond extensively with the + great Scandinavian, and to be frequently received by him, some + years earlier than the date of which I write, in Rome. In that + city haunted by the shades of so many Emperors and Popes I had + felt comparatively at ease even in Ibsen's presence. But seated + here in the homelier decay of Venice, closely buttoned in his + black surcoat and crowned with his uncompromising top-hat, with + the lights of the Piazza flashing back wanly from his + gold-rimmed spectacles, and his lips tight-shut like some steel + trap into which our poor humanity had just fallen, he seemed to + constitute a menace under which the boldest might well quail. + Nevertheless, I took my courage in both hands, and laid it as a + kind of votive offering on the little table before him.</p> + + <p>My reward was in the surprising amiability that he then and + afterwards displayed. My travelling had indeed been doubly + blessed, for, whilst my subsequent afternoons were spent in + Browning's presence, my evenings fell with regularity into the + charge of Ibsen. One of these evenings is for me "prouder, more + laurel'd than the rest" as having been the occasion when he + read to me the MS. of a play which he had just completed. He + was staying at the Hôtel Danieli, an edifice famous for having + been, rather more than forty years previously, the socket in + which the flame of an historic <i>grande passion</i> had + finally sunk and guttered out with no inconsiderable + accompaniment of smoke and odour. It was there, in an upper + room, that I now made acquaintance with a couple very different + from George Sand and Alfred de Musset, though destined to + become hardly less famous than they. I refer to Torvald and + Nora Helmer. My host read to me with the utmost vivacity, + standing in the middle of the apartment; and I remember that in + the scene where Nora Helmer dances the tarantella her creator + instinctively executed a few illustrative steps.</p> + + <p>During those days I felt very much as might a minnow + swimming to and fro between Leviathan on the one hand and + Behemoth on the other—a minnow tremulously pleased, but + ever wistful for some means of bringing his two enormous + acquaintances together. On the afternoon of December 24th I + confided to Browning my aspiration. He had never heard of this + brother poet and dramatist, whose fame indeed was at that time + still mainly Boreal; but he cried out with the greatest + heartiness, "Capital! Bring him round with you at one o'clock + to-morrow for turkey and plum-pudding!"</p> + + <p>I betook myself straight to the Hôtel Danieli, hoping + against hope that Ibsen's sole answer would not be a + comminatory grunt and an instant rupture of all future + relations with myself. At first he was indeed resolute not to + go. He had never heard of this Herr Browning. (It was one of + the strengths of his strange, crustacean genius that he never + had heard of anybody.) I took it on myself to say that Herr + Browning would send his private gondola, propelled by his two + gondoliers, to conduct Herr Ibsen to the scene of the + festivity. I think it was this prospect that made him gradually + unbend, for he had already acquired that taste for pomp and + circumstance which was so notable a characteristic of his later + years. I hastened back to the Palazzo Rezzonico before he could + change his mind. I need hardly say that Browning instantly + consented to send the gondola. So large and lovable was his + nature that, had he owned a thousand of those conveyances, he + would not have hesitated to send out the whole fleet in honour + of any friend of any friend of his.</p> + + <p>Next day, as I followed Ibsen down the Danielian water-steps + into the expectant gondola, my emotion was such that I was + tempted to snatch from him his neatly-furled umbrella and + spread it out over his head, like the umbrella beneath which + the Doges of days gone by had made their appearances in public. + It was perhaps a pity that I repressed this impulse. Ibsen + seemed to be already regretting that he had unbent. I could not + help thinking, as we floated along the Riva Schiavoni, that he + looked like some particularly ruthless member of the Council of + Ten. I did, however, try faintly to attune him in some sort to + the spirit of our host and of the day of the year. I adumbrated + Browning's outlook on life, translating into Norwegian, I well + remember, the words "God's in His heaven, all's right with the + world." In fact I cannot charge myself with not having done + what I could. I can only lament that it was not enough.</p> + + <p>When we marched into the <i>salone</i>, Browning was seated + at the piano, playing (I think) a Toccata of Galuppi's. On + seeing us, he brought his hands down with a great crash on the + keyboard, seemed to reach us in one astonishing bound across + the marble floor, and clapped Ibsen loudly on either shoulder, + wishing him "the Merriest of Merry Christmases."</p> + + <p>Ibsen, under this sudden impact, stood firm as a rock, and + it flitted through my brain that here at last was solved the + old problem of what would happen if an irresistible force met + an immoveable mass. But it was obvious that the rock was not + rejoicing in the moment of victory. I was tartly asked whether + I had not explained to Herr Browning that his guest did not + understand English. I hastily rectified my omission, and + thenceforth our host spoke in Italian. Ibsen, though he + understood that language fairly well, was averse to speaking + it. Such remarks as he made in the course of the meal to which + we presently sat down were made in Norwegian and translated by + myself.</p> + + <p>Browning, while he was carving the turkey, asked Ibsen + whether he had visited any of the Venetian theatres. Ibsen's + reply was that he never visited theatres. Browning laughed his + great laugh, and cried "That's right! We poets who write plays + must give the theatres as wide a berth as possible. We aren't + wanted there!" "How so?" asked Ibsen. Browning looked a little + puzzled, and I had to explain that in northern Europe Herr + Ibsen's plays were frequently performed. At this I seemed to + see on Browning's face a slight shadow—so swift and + transient a shadow as might be cast by a swallow flying across + a sunlit garden. An instant, and it was gone. I was glad, + however, to be able to soften my statement by adding that Herr + Ibsen had in his recent plays abandoned the use of verse.</p> + + <p>The trouble was that in Browning's company he seemed + practically to have abandoned the use of prose too. When, + moreover, he did speak, it was always in a sense contrary to + that of our host. The Risorgimento was a theme always very near + to the great heart of Browning, and on this occasion he hymned + it with more than his usual animation and resource (if indeed + that were possible). He descanted especially on the vast + increase that had accrued to the sum of human happiness in + Italy since the success of that remarkable movement. When Ibsen + rapped out the conviction that what Italy needed was to be + invaded and conquered once and for all by Austria, I feared + that an explosion was inevitable. But hardly had my translation + of the inauspicious sentiment been uttered when the + plum-pudding was borne into the room, flaming on its dish. I + clapped my hands wildly at sight of it, in the English fashion, + and was intensely relieved when the yet more resonant applause + of Robert Browning followed mine. Disaster had been averted by + a crowning mercy. But I am afraid that Ibsen thought us both + quite mad.</p> + + <p>The next topic that was started, harmless though it seemed + at first, was fraught with yet graver peril. The world of + scholarship was at that time agitated by the recent discovery + of what might or might not prove to be a fragment of Sappho. + Browning proclaimed his unshakeable belief in the authenticity + of these verses. To my surprise, Ibsen, whom I had been + unprepared to regard as a classical scholar, said positively + that they had not been written by Sappho. Browning challenged + him to give a reason. A literal translation of the reply would + have been "Because no woman ever was capable of writing a + fragment of good poetry." Imagination reels at the effect this + would have had on the recipient of "Sonnets from the + Portuguese." The agonised interpreter, throwing honour to the + winds, babbled some wholly fallacious version of the words. + Again the situation had been saved; but it was of the kind that + does not even in furthest retrospect lose its power to freeze + the heart and constrict the diaphragm.</p> + + <p>I was fain to thank heaven when, immediately after the + termination of the meal, Ibsen rose, bowed to his host, and + bade me express his thanks for the entertainment. Out on the + Grand Canal, in the gondola which had again been placed at our + disposal, his passion for "documents" that might bear on his + work was quickly manifested. He asked me whether Herr Browning + had ever married. Receiving an emphatically affirmative reply, + he inquired whether Fru Browning had been happy. Loth though I + was to cast a blight on his interest in the matter, I conveyed + to him with all possible directness the impression that + Elizabeth Barrett had assuredly been one of those wives who do + not dance tarantellas nor slam front-doors. He did not, to the + best of my recollection, make further mention of Browning, + either then or afterwards. Browning himself, however, thanked + me warmly, next day, for having introduced my friend to him. "A + capital fellow!" he exclaimed, and then, for a moment, seemed + as though he were about to qualify this estimate, but ended by + merely repeating "A capital fellow!"</p> + + <p>Ibsen remained in Venice some weeks after my return to + London. He was, it may be conjectured, bent on a specially + close study of the Bride of the Adriatic because her marriage + had been not altogether a happy one. But there appears to be no + evidence whatsoever that he went again, either of his own + accord or by invitation, to the Palazzo + Rezzonico.</p><a name="of" + id="of"></a> + + <h2>OF CHRISTMAS</h2> + + <h4><i>By</i></h4> + + <h3>H*L**RE B*LL*C</h3> + + <p>There was a man came to an Inn by night, and after he had + called three times they should open him the door—though + why three times, and not three times three, nor thirty times + thirty, which is the number of the little stone devils that + make mows at St. Aloesius of Ledera over against the marshes + Gué-la-Nuce to this day, nor three hundred times three hundred + (which is a bestial number), nor three thousand times + three-and-thirty, upon my soul I know not, and nor do + you—when, then, this jolly fellow had three times cried + out, shouted, yelled, holloa'd, loudly besought, caterwauled, + brayed, sung out, and roared, he did by the same token set + himself to beat, hammer, bang, pummel, and knock at the door. + Now the door was Oak. It had been grown in the forest of + Boulevoise, hewn in Barre-le-Neuf, seasoned in South Hoxton, + hinged nowhere in particular, and panelled—and that most + abominably well—in Arque, where the peasants sell their + souls for skill in such handicraft. But our man knew nothing of + all this, which, had he known it, would have mattered little + enough to him, for a reason which I propose to tell in the next + sentence. The door was opened. As to the reasons why it was not + opened sooner, these are most tediously set forth in Professor + Sir T.K. Slibby's "Half-Hours With Historic Doors," as also in + a fragment at one time attributed to Oleaginus Silo but now + proven a forgery by Miss Evans. Enough for our purpose, merry + reader of mine, that the door was opened.</p> + + <p>The man, as men will, went in. And there, for God's sake and + by the grace of Mary Mother, let us leave him; for the truth of + it is that his strength was all in his lungs, and himself a + poor, weak, clout-faced, wizen-bellied, pin-shanked bloke + anyway, who at Trinity Hall had spent the most of his time in + reading Hume (that was Satan's lackey) and after taking his + degree did a little in the way of Imperial Finance. Of him it + was that Lord Abraham Hart, that far-seeing statesman, said, + "This young man has the root of the matter in him." I quote the + epigram rather for its perfect form than for its truth. For + once, Lord Abraham was deceived. But it must be remembered that + he was at this time being plagued almost out of his wits by the + vile (though cleverly engineered) agitation for the compulsory + winding-up of the Rondoosdop Development Company. Afterwards, + in Wormwood Scrubbs, his Lordship admitted that his estimate of + his young friend had perhaps been pitched too high. In Dartmoor + he has since revoked it altogether, with that manliness for + which the Empire so loved him when he was at large.</p> + + <p>Now the young man's name was Dimby—"Trot" + Dimby—and his mother had been a Clupton, so + that—but had I not already dismissed him? Indeed I only + mentioned him because it seemed that his going to that Inn + might put me on track of that One Great Ultimate and Final True + Thing I am purposed to say about Christmas. Don't ask me yet + what that Thing is. Truth dwells in no man, but is a shy beast + you must hunt as you may in the forests that are round about + the Walls of Heaven. And I do hereby curse, gibbet, and + denounce in <i>execrationem perpetuam atque aeternam</i> the + man who hunts in a crafty or calculating way—as, lying + low, nosing for scents, squinting for trails, crawling + noiselessly till he shall come near to his quarry and then + taking careful aim. Here's to him who hunts Truth in the honest + fashion of men, which is, going blindly at it, following his + first scent (if such there be) or (if none) none, scrambling + over boulders, fording torrents, winding his horn, plunging + into thickets, skipping, firing off his gun in the air + continually, and then ramming in some more ammunition anyhow, + with a laugh and a curse if the charge explode in his own jolly + face. The chances are he will bring home in his bag nothing but + a field-mouse he trod on by accident. Not the less his is the + true sport and the essential stuff of holiness.</p> + + <p>As touching Christmas—but there is nothing like verse + to clear the mind, heat the blood, and make very humble the + heart. Rouse thee, Muse!</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>One Christmas Night in Pontgibaud</p> + + <p class="i4">(<i>Pom-pom, rub-a-dub-dub</i>)</p> + + <p>A man with a drum went to and fro</p> + + <p class="i4">(<i>Two merry eyes, two cheeks + chub</i>)</p> + + <p>Nor not a citril within, without,</p> + + <p>But heard the racket and heard the rout</p> + + <p>And marvelled what it was all about</p> + + <p class="i4">(<i>And who shall shrive + Beelzebub?</i>)</p> + </div> + </div> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>He whacked so hard the drum was split</p> + + <p class="i4">(<i>Pom-pom, rub-a-dub-dum</i>)</p> + + <p>Out lept Saint Gabriel from it</p> + + <p class="i4">(<i>Praeclarissimus Omnium</i>)</p> + + <p>Who spread his wings and up he went</p> + + <p>Nor ever paused in his ascent</p> + + <p>Till he had reached the firmament</p> + + <p class="i4">(<i>Benedicamus Dominum</i>).</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p>That's what I shall sing (please God) at dawn to-morrow, + standing on the high, green barrow at Storrington, where the + bones of Athelstan's men are. Yea,</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>At dawn to-morrow</p> + + <p class="i2">On Storrington Barrow</p> + + <p>I'll beg or borrow</p> + + <p class="i2">A bow and arrow</p> + + <p>And shoot sleek sorrow</p> + + <p class="i2">Through the marrow.</p> + + <p>The floods are out and the ford is narrow,</p> + + <p>The stars hang dead and my limbs are lead,</p> + + <p class="i2">But ale is gold</p> + + <p class="i2">And there's good foot-hold</p> + + <p>On the Cuckfield side of Storrington Barrow.</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p>This too I shall sing, and other songs that are yet to + write. In Pagham I shall sing them again, and again in Little + Dewstead. In Hornside I shall rewrite them, and at the Scythe + and Turtle in Liphook (if I have patience) annotate them. At + Selsey they will be very damnably in the way, and I don't at + all know what I shall do with them at Selsey.</p> + + <p>Such then, as I see it, is the whole pith, mystery, outer + form, common acceptation, purpose, usage usual, meaning and + inner meaning, beauty intrinsic and extrinsic, and right + character of Christmas Feast. <i>Habent urbs atque orbis + revelationem.</i> Pray for my soul.</p><a name="straight" + id="straight"></a> + + <h2>A STRAIGHT TALK</h2> + + <h4><i>By</i></h4> + + <h3>G**RGE B*RN*RD SH*W</h3> + + <h4>(<i>Preface to "Snt George. A Christmas Play"</i>)</h4> + + <p>When a public man lays his hand on his heart and declares + that his conduct needs no apology, the audience hastens to put + up its umbrellas against the particularly severe downpour of + apologies in store for it. I wont give the customary warning. + My conduct shrieks aloud for apology, and you are in for a + thorough drenching.</p> + + <p>Flatly, I stole this play. The one valid excuse for the + theft would be mental starvation. That excuse I shant plead. I + could have made a dozen better plays than this out of my own + head. You don't suppose Shakespeare was so vacant in the upper + storey that there was nothing for it but to rummage through + cinquecento romances, Townley Mysteries, and suchlike + insanitary rubbishheaps, in order that he might fish out enough + scraps for his artistic fangs to fasten on. Depend on it, there + were plenty of decent original notions seething behind yon + marble brow. Why didn't our William use them? He was too lazy. + And so am I. It is easier to give a new twist to somebody + else's story that you take readymade than to perform that + highly-specialised form of skilled labor which consists in + giving artistic coherence to a story that you have conceived + roughly for yourself. A literary gentleman once hoisted a + theory that there are only thirty-six possible stories in the + world. This—I say it with no deference at all—is + bosh. There are as many possible stories in the world as there + are microbes in the well-lined shelves of a literary + gentleman's "den." On the other hand, it is perfectly true that + only a baker's dozen of these have got themselves told. The + reason lies in that bland, unalterable resolve to shirk honest + work, by which you recognise the artist as surely as you + recognise the leopard by his spots. In so far as I am an + artist, I am a loafer. And if you expect me, in that line, to + do anything but loaf, you will get the shock your romantic + folly deserves. The only difference between me and my rivals + past and present is that I have the decency to be ashamed of + myself. So that if you are not too bemused and bedevilled by my + "brilliancy" to kick me downstairs, you may rely on me to + cheerfully lend a foot in the operation. But, while I have my + share of judicial vindictiveness against crime, Im not going to + talk the common judicial cant about brutality making a Better + Man of the criminal. I havent the slightest doubt that I would + thieve again at the earliest opportunity. Meanwhile be so good + as to listen to the evidence on the present charge.</p> + + <p>In the December after I was first cast ashore at Holyhead, I + had to go down to Dorsetshire. In those days the more + enterprising farm-laborers used still to annually dress + themselves up in order to tickle the gentry into disbursing the + money needed to supplement a local-minimum wage. They called + themselves the Christmas Mummers, and performed a play entitled + Snt George. As my education had been of the typical Irish kind, + and the ideas on which I had been nourished were precisely the + ideas that once in Tara's Hall were regarded as dangerous + novelties, Snt George staggered me with the sense of being + suddenly bumped up against a thing which lay centuries ahead of + the time I had been born into. (Being, in point of fact, only a + matter of five hundred years old, it would have the same effect + to-day on the average London playgoer if it was produced in a + west end theatre.) The plot was simple. It is set forth in + Thomas Hardy's "Return of the Native"; but, as the people who + read my books have no energy left over to cope with other + authors, I must supply an outline of it myself.</p> + + <p>Entered, first of all, the English Knight, announcing his + determination to fight and vanquish the Turkish Knight, a + vastly superior swordsman, who promptly made mincemeat of him. + After the Saracen had celebrated his victory in verse, and + proclaimed himself the world's champion, entered Snt George, + who, after some preliminary patriotic flourishes, promptly made + mincemeat of the Saracen—to the blank amazement of an + audience which included several retired army officers. Snt + George, however, saved his face by the usual expedient of the + victorious British general, attributing to Providence a result + which by no polite stretch of casuistry could have been traced + to the operations of his own brain. But here the dramatist was + confronted by another difficulty: there being no curtain to + ring down, how were the two corpses to be got gracefully rid + of? Entered therefore the Physician, and brought them both to + life. (Any one objecting to this scene on the score of romantic + improbability is hereby referred to the Royal College of + Physicians, or to the directors of any accredited medical + journal, who will hail with delight this opportunity of proving + once and for all that re-vitalisation is the child's-play of + the Faculty.)</p> + + <p>Such then is the play that I have stolen. For all the many + pleasing esthetic qualities you will find in it—dramatic + inventiveness, humor and pathos, eloquence, elfin glamor and + the like—you must bless the original author: of these + things I have only the usufruct. To me the play owes nothing + but the stiffening of civistic conscience that has been crammed + in. Modest? Not a bit of it. It is my civistic conscience that + makes a man of me and (incidentally) makes this play a + masterpiece.</p> + + <p>Nothing could have been easier for me (if I were some one + else) than to perform my task in that + God-rest-you-merry-gentlemen-may-nothing-you-dismay spirit + which so grossly flatters the sensibilities of the average + citizen by its assumption that he is sharp enough to be + dismayed by what stares him in the face. Charles Dickens had + lucid intervals in which he was vaguely conscious of the abuses + around him; but his spasmodic efforts to expose these brought + him into contact with realities so agonising to his highstrung + literary nerves that he invariably sank back into debauches of + unsocial optimism. Even the Swan of Avon had his glimpses of + the havoc of displacement wrought by Elizabethan romanticism in + the social machine which had been working with tolerable + smoothness under the prosaic guidance of Henry 8. The time was + out of joint; and the Swan, recognising that he was the last + person to ever set it right, consoled himself by offering the + world a soothing doctrine of despair. Not for me, thank you, + that Swansdown pillow. I refuse as flatly to fuddle myself in + the shop of "W. Shakespeare, Druggist," as to stimulate myself + with the juicy joints of "C. Dickens, Family Butcher." Of these + and suchlike pernicious establishments my patronage consists in + weaving round the shop-door a barbed-wire entanglement of + dialectic and then training my moral machine-guns on the + customers.</p> + + <p>In this devilish function I have, as you know, acquired by + practice a tremendous technical skill; and but for the more or + less innocent pride I take in showing off my accomplishment to + all and sundry, I doubt whether even my iron nerves would be + proof against the horrors that have impelled me to thus perfect + myself. In my nonage I believed humanity could be reformed if + only it were intelligently preached at for a sufficiently long + period. This first fine careless rapture I could no more + recapture, at my age, than I could recapture hoopingcough or + nettlerash. One by one, I have flung all political nostra + overboard, till there remain only dynamite and scientific + breeding. My touching faith in these saves me from pessimism: I + believe in the future; but this only makes the + present—which I foresee as going strong for a couple of + million of years or so—all the more excruciating by + contrast.</p> + + <p>For casting into dramatic form a compendium of my + indictments of the present from a purely political standpoint, + the old play of Snt George occurred to me as having exactly the + framework I needed. In the person of the Turkish Knight I could + embody that howling chaos which does duty among us for a + body-politic. The English Knight would accordingly be the + Liberal Party, whose efforts (whenever it is in favor with the + electorate) to reduce chaos to order by emulating in foreign + politics the blackguardism of a Metternich or Bismarck, and in + home politics the spirited attitudinisings of a Garibaldi or + Cavor, are foredoomed to the failure which its inherent + oldmaidishness must always win for the Liberal Party in all + undertakings whatsoever. Snt George is, of course, myself. But + here my very aptitude in controversy tripped me up as + playwright. Owing to my nack of going straight to the root of + the matter in hand and substituting, before you can say Jack + Robinson, a truth for every fallacy and a natural law for every + convention, the scene of Snt George (Bernard Shaw)'s victory + over the Turkish Knight came out too short for theatrical + purposes. I calculated that the play as it stood would not + occupy more than five hours in performance. I therefore + departed from the original scheme so far as to provide the + Turkish Knight with three attendant monsters, severally named + the Good, the Beyootiful, and the Ter-rew, and representing in + themselves the current forms of Religion, Art, and Science. + These three Snt George successively challenges, tackles, and + flattens out—the first as lunacy, the second as harlotry, + the third as witchcraft. But even so the play would not be long + enough had I not padded a good deal of buffoonery into the + scene where the five corpses are brought back to life.</p> + + <p>The restorative Physician symbolises that irresistible force + of human stupidity by which the rottenest and basest + institutions are enabled to thrive in the teeth of the logic + that has demolished them. Thus, for the author, the close of + the play is essentially tragic. But what is death to him is fun + to you, and my buffooneries wont offend any of you. + Bah!</p><a name="fond" + id="fond"></a> + + <h2>FOND HEARTS ASKEW</h2> + + <h4><i>By</i></h4> + + <h3>M**R*CE H*WL*TT</h3> + + <h4>TO<br /> + WILLIAM ROBERTSON NICOLL<br /> + SAGE AND REVEREND<br /> + AND A TRUE KNIGHT<br /> + THIS ROMAUNT<br /> + OF DAYS EDVARDIAN</h4> + + <h3>PROLOGUE.</h3> + + <p><i>Too strong a wine, belike, for some stomachs, for there's + honey in it, and a dibbet of gore, with other condiments. Yet + Mistress Clio (with whom, some say, Mistress Thalia, that sweet + hoyden) brewed it: she, not I, who do but hand the cup round by + her warrant and good favour. Her guests, not mine, you shall + take it or leave it—spill it untasted or quaff a + bellyful. Of a hospitable temper, she whose page I am; but a + great lady, over self-sure to be dudgeoned by wry faces in the + refectory. As for the little sister (if she did have finger in + the concoction)—no fear of offence there! I dare vow, who + know somewhat the fashion of her, she will but trill a pretty + titter or so at your qualms.</i></p> + + <h3>BENEDICTUS BENEDICAT.</h3> + + <p>I cry you mercy for a lacuna at the outset. I know not what + had knitted and blackened the brows of certain two speeding + eastward through London, enhansomed, on the night of the feast + of St. Box: <i>alter</i>, Geoffrey Dizzard, called "The + Honourable," <i>lieu-tenant</i> in the Guards of Edward the + Peace Getter; <i>altera</i>, the Lady Angelica Plantagenet, to + him affianced. Devil take the cause of the bicker: enough that + they were at sulks. Here's for a sight of the girl!</p> + + <p>Johannes Sargent, that swift giant from the New World, had + already flung her on canvas, with a brace of sisters. She + outstands there, a virgin poplar-tall; hair like ravelled flax + and coiffed in the fashion of the period; neck like a + giraffe's; lips shaped for kissing rather than smiling; eyes + like a giraffe's again; breasts like a boy's, and something of + a dressed-up boy in the total aspect of her. She has arms a + trifle long even for such height as hers; fingers very long, + too, with red-pink nails trimmed to a point. She looks out + slantwise, conscious of her beauty, and perhaps of certain + other things. Fire under that ice, I conjecture—red + corpuscles rampant behind that meek white mask of hers. + "<i>Forsitan in hoc anno pulcherrima debutantium</i>" is the + verdict of a contemporary journal. For "<i>forsitan</i>" read + "<i>certe</i>." No slur, that, on the rest of the bevy.</p> + + <p>Very much as Johannes had seen her did she appear now to the + cits, as the cabriolet swung past them. Paramount there, she + was still more paramount here. Yet this Geoffrey was not + ill-looking. In the secret journal of Mary Jane, serving-wench + in the palace of Geoffrey's father (who gat his barony by beer) + note is made of his "lovely blue eyes; complexion like a blush + rose; hands like a girl's; lips like a girl's again; yellow + curls close cropped; and for moustachio (so young is he yet) + such a shadow as amber might cast on water."</p> + + <p>Here, had I my will, I would limn you Mary Jane herself, + that parched nymph. Time urges, though. The cabrioleteer + thrashes his horse (me with it) to a canter, and plunges into + Soho. Some wagon athwart the path gives pause. Angelica, + looking about her, bites lip. For this is the street of + Wardour, wherein (say all the chronicles most absolutely) she + and Geoffrey had first met and plit their troth.</p> + + <p>"Methinks," cries she, loud and clear to the wagoner, and + pointing finger at Geoffrey, "the Devil must be between your + shafts, to make a mock of me in this conjunction, the which is + truly of his own doing."</p> + + <p>"Sweet madam," says Geoffrey (who was also called "The + Ready"), "shall I help harness you at his side? Though, for my + part, I doubt 'twere supererogant, in that he buckled you to + his service or ever the priest dipped you."</p> + + <p>A bitter jest, this; and the thought of it still tingled on + the girl's cheek and clawed her heart when Geoffrey handed her + down at the portico of Drury Lane Theatre. A new pantomime was + afoot. Geoffrey's father (that bluff red baron) had chartered a + box, was already there with his lady and others.</p> + + <p>Lily among peonies, Angelica sat brooding, her eyes fastened + on the stage, Geoffrey behind her chair, brooding by the same + token. Presto, he saw a flood of pink rush up her shoulders to + her ears. The "principal boy" had just skipped on to the stage. + No boy at all (God be witness), but one Mistress Tina + Vandeleur, very apt in masquerado, and seeming true boy enough + to the guileless. Stout of leg, light-footed, with a tricksy + plume to his cap, and the swagger of one who would beard the + Saints for a wager, this Aladdin was just such a galliard as + Angelica had often fondled in her dreams. He lept straight into + the closet of her heart, and "Deus!" she cried, "maugre my + maidenhood, I will follow those pretty heels round the + earth!"</p> + + <p>Cried Geoffrey "Yea! and will not I presently string his ham + to save your panting?"</p> + + <p>"<i>Tacete!</i>" cried the groundlings.</p> + + <p>A moment after, Geoffrey forgot his spleen. Cupid had noosed + him—bound him tight to the Widow Twankey. This was a + woman most unlike to Angelica: poplar-tall, I grant you; but + elm-wide into the bargain; deep-voiced, robustious, and puffed + bravely out with hot vital essences. Seemed so to Geoffrey, at + least, who had no smattering of theatres and knew not his + cynosure to be none other than Master Willie Joffers, prime + buffo of the day. Like Angelica, he had had fond visions; and + lo here, the very lady of them!</p> + + <p>Says he to Angelica, "I am heartset on this widow."</p> + + <p>"By so much the better!" she laughs. "I to my peacock, you + to your peahen, with a Godspeed from each to other."</p> + + <p>How to snare the birds? A pretty problem: the fowling was + like to be delicate. So hale a strutter as Aladdin could not + lack for bonamies. "Will he deign me?" wondered meek Angelica. + "This widow," thought Geoffrey, "is belike no widow at all, but + a modest wife with a yea for no man but her lord." Head to head + they took counsel, cudgelled their wits for some proper + vantage. Of a sudden, Geoffrey clapped hand to thigh. Student + of Boccaccio, Heveletius, and other sages, he had the clue in + his palm. A whisper from him, a nod from Angelica, and the + twain withdrew from the box into the corridor without.</p> + + <p>There, back to back, they disrobed swiftly, each tossing to + other every garment as it was doffed. Then a flurried toilet, + and a difficult, for the man especially; but hotness of desire + breeds dexterity. When they turned and faced each other, + Angelica was such a boy as Aladdin would not spurn as page, + Geoffrey such a girl as the widow might well covet as + body-maid.</p> + + <p>Out they hied under the stars, and sought way to the postern + whereby the mummers would come when their work were done. + Thereat they stationed themselves in shadow. A bitter night, + with a lather of snow on the cobbles; but they were heedless of + that: love and their dancing hearts warmed them.</p> + + <p>They waited long. Strings of muffled figures began to file + out, but never an one like to Aladdin or the Widow. Midnight + tolled. Had these two had wind of the ambuscado and crept out + by another door? Nay, patience!</p> + + <p>At last! A figure showed in the doorway—a figure + cloaked womanly, but topped with face of Aladdin. Trousered + Angelica, with a cry, darted forth from the shadow. To Mistress + Vandeleur's eyes she was as truly man as was Mistress Vandeleur + to hers. Thus confronted, Mistress Vandeleur shrank back, + blushing hot.</p> + + <p>"Nay!" laughs Angelica, clipping her by the wrists. "Cold + boy, you shall not so easily slip me. A pretty girl you make, + Aladdin; but love pierces such disguise as a rapier might + pierce lard."</p> + + <p>"Madman! Unhandle me!" screams the actress.</p> + + <p>"No madman I, as well you know," answers Angelica, "but a + maid whom spurned love may yet madden. Kiss me on the + lips!"</p> + + <p>While they struggle, another figure fills the postern, and + in an instant Angelica is torn aside by Master Willie Joffers + (well versed, for all his mumming, in matters of chivalry). + "Kisses for such coward lips?" cries he. "Nay, but a swinge to + silence them!" and would have struck trousered Angelica full on + the mouth. But décolleté Geoffrey Dizzard, crying at him "Sweet + termagant, think not to baffle me by these airs of manhood!" + had sprung in the way and on his own nose received the + blow.</p> + + <p>He staggered and, spurting blood, fell. Up go the buffo's + hands, and "Now may the Saints whip me," cries he, "for a + tapster of girl's blood!" and fled into the night, howling like + a dog. Mistress Vandeleur had fled already. Down on her knees + goes Angelica, to stanch Geoffrey's flux.</p> + + <p>Thus far, straight history. Apocrypha, all the rest: you + shall pick your own sequel. As for instance, some say Geoffrey + bled to the death, whereby stepped Master Joffers to the + scaffold, and Angelica (the Vandeleur too, like as not) to a + nunnery. Others have it he lived, thanks to nurse Angelica, + who, thereon wed, suckled him twin Dizzards in due season. + Joffers, they say, had wife already, else would have wed the + Vandeleur, for sake of symmetry.</p><a name="dickens" + id="dickens"></a> + + <h2>DICKENS</h2> + + <h4><i>By</i></h4> + + <h3>G**RGE M**RE</h3> + + <p>I had often wondered why when people talked to me of + Tintoretto I always found myself thinking of Turgéneff. It + seemed to me strange that I should think of Turgéneff instead + of thinking of Tintoretto; for at first sight nothing can be + more far apart than the Slav mind and the Flemish. But one + morning, some years ago, while I was musing by my fireplace in + Victoria Street, Dolmetsch came to see me. He had a soiled roll + of music under his left arm. I said, "How are you?" He said, "I + am well. And you?" I said, "I, too, am well. What is that, my + dear Dolmetsch, that you carry under your left arm?" He + answered, "It is a Mass by Palestrina." "Will you read me the + score?" I asked. I was afraid he would say no. But Dolmetsch is + not one of those men who say no, and he read me the score. He + did not read very well, but I had never heard it before, so + when he finished I begged of him he would read it to me again. + He said, "Very well, M**re, I will read it to you again." I + remember his exact words, because they seemed to me at the time + to be the sort of thing that only Dolmetsch could have said. It + was a foggy morning in Victoria Street, and while Dolmetsch + read again the first few bars, I thought how Renoir would have + loved to paint in such an atmosphere the tops of the plane + trees that flaccidly show above the wall of Buckingham + Palace.... Why had I never been invited to Buckingham Palace? I + did not want to go there, but it would have been nice to have + been asked.... How <i>brave gaillard</i> was Renoir, and how + well he painted from that subfusc palette!...</p> + + <p>My roving thoughts were caught back to the divine score + which Arnold Dolmetsch was reading to me. How well placed they + were, those semibreves! Could anyone but Palestrina have placed + them so nicely? I wondered what girl Palestrina was courting + when he conceived them. She must have been blonde, surely, and + with narrow flanks.... There are moments when one does not + think of girls, are there not, dear reader? And I swear to you + that such a moment came to me while Dolmetsch mumbled the last + two bars of that Mass. The notes were "do, la, sol, do, fa, do, + sol, la," and as he mumbled them I sat upright and stared into + space, for it had become suddenly plain to me why when people + talked of Tintoretto I always found myself thinking of + Turgéneff.</p> + + <p>I do not say that this story that I have told to you is a + very good story, and I am afraid that I have not well told it. + Some day, when I have time, I should like to re-write it. But + meantime I let it stand, because without it you could not + receive what is upmost in my thoughts, and which I wish you to + share with me. Without it, what I am yearning to say might seem + to you a hard saying; but now you will understand me.</p> + + <p>There never was a writer except Dickens. Perhaps you have + never heard say of him? No matter, till a few days past he was + only a name to me. I remember that when I was a young man in + Paris, I read a praise of him in some journal; but in those + days I was kneeling at other altars, I was scrubbing other + doorsteps.... So has it been ever since; always a false god, + always the wrong doorstep. I am sick of the smell of the + incense I have swung to this and that false god—Zola, + Yeats, <i>et tous ces autres</i>. I am angry to have got + housemaid's knee, because I got it on doorsteps that led to + nowhere. There is but one doorstep worth scrubbing. The + doorstep of Charles Dickens....</p> + + <p>Did he write many books? I know not, it does not greatly + matter, he wrote the "Pickwick Papers"; that suffices. I have + read as yet but one chapter, describing a Christmas party in a + country house. Strange that anyone should have essayed to write + about anything but that! Christmas—I see it now—is + the only moment in which men and women are really alive, are + really worth writing about. At other seasons they do not exist + for the purpose of art. I spit on all seasons except + Christmas.... Is he not in all fiction the greatest figure, + this Mr. Wardell, this old "squire" rosy-cheeked, who + entertains this Christmas party at his house? He is more + truthful, he is more significant, than any figure in Balzac. He + is better than all Balzac's figures rolled into one.... I used + to kneel on that doorstep. Balzac wrote many books. But now it + behoves me to ask myself whether he ever wrote a good book. One + knows that he used to write for fifteen hours at a stretch, + gulping down coffee all the while. But it does not follow that + the coffee was good, nor does it follow that what he wrote was + good. The Comédie Humaine is all chicory.... I had wished for + some years to say this, I am glad <i>d'avoir débarrassé ma + poitrine de ça</i>.</p> + + <p>To have described divinely a Christmas party is something, + but it is not everything. The disengaging of the erotic motive + is everything, is the only touchstone. If while that is being + done we are soothed into a trance, a nebulous delirium of the + nerves, then we know the novelist to be a supreme novelist. If + we retain consciousness, he is not supreme, and to be less than + supreme in art is to not exist.... Dickens disengages the + erotic motive through two figures, Mr. Winkle, a sportman, and + Miss Arabella, "a young lady with fur-topped boots." They go + skating, he helps her over a stile. Can one not well see her? + She steps over the stile and her shin defines itself through + her balbriggan stocking. She is a knock-kneed girl, and she + looks at Mr. Winkle with that sensual regard that sometimes + comes when the wind is north-west. Yes, it is a north-west wind + that is blowing over this landscape that Hals or Winchoven + might have painted—no, Winchoven would have fumbled it + with rose-madder, but Hals would have done it well. Hals would + have approved—would he not?—the pollard aspens, + these pollard aspens deciduous and wistful, which the rime + makes glistening. That field, how well ploughed it is, and are + they not like petticoats, those clouds low-hanging? Yes, Hals + would have stated them well, but only Manet could have stated + the slope of the thighs of the girl—how does she call + herself?—Arabella—it is a so hard name to + remember—as she steps across the stile. Manet would have + found pleasure in her cheeks also. They are a little chapped + with the north-west wind that makes the pollard aspens to + quiver. How adorable a thing it is, a girl's nose that the + north-west wind renders red! We may tire of it sometimes, + because we sometimes tire of all things, but Winkle does not + know this. Is Arabella his mistress? If she is not, she has + been, or at any rate she will be. How full she is of + temperament, is she not? Her shoulder-blades seem a little + carelessly modelled, but how good they are in intention! How + well placed that smut on her left cheek!</p> + + <p>Strange thoughts of her surge up vaguely in me as I watch + her—thoughts that I cannot express in English.... Elle + est plus vieille que les roches entre lesquelles elle s'est + assise; comme le vampire elle a été fréquemment morte, et a + appris les secrets du tombeau; et s'est plongée dans des mers + profondes, et conserve autour d'elle leur jour ruiné; et, comme + Lède, était mère d'Hélène de Troie, et, comme Sainte-Anne, mère + de Maria; et tout cela n'a été pour elle que.... I desist, for + not through French can be expressed the thoughts that surge in + me. French is a stale language. So are all the European + languages, one can say in them nothing fresh.... The stalest of + them all is Erse....</p> + + <p>Deep down in my heart a sudden voice whispers me that there + is only one land wherein art may reveal herself once more. Of + what avail to await her anywhere else than in Mexico? Only + there can the apocalypse happen. I will take a ticket for + Mexico, I will buy a Mexican grammar, I will be a Mexican.... + On a hillside, or beside some grey pool, gazing out across + those plains poor and arid, I will await the first pale + showings of the new dawn....</p><a name="euphemia" + id="euphemia"></a> + + <h2>EUPHEMIA CLASHTHOUGHT<a id="footnotetag10" + name="footnotetag10"></a><a href="#footnote10"><sup>10</sup></a></h2> + + <h3>AN IMITATION OF MEREDITH</h3> + + <p>In the heart of insular Cosmos, remote by some scores of + leagues of Hodge-trod arable or pastoral, not more than a + snuff-pinch for gaping tourist nostrils accustomed to + inhalation of prairie winds, but enough for perspective, from + those marginal sands, trident-scraped, we are to fancy, by a + helmeted Dame Abstract familiarly profiled on discs of current + bronze—price of a loaf for humbler maws disdainful of + Gallic side-dishes for the titillation of choicer + palates—stands Clashthought Park, a house of some + pretension, mentioned at Runnymede, with the spreading + exception of wings given to it in later times by Daedalean + masters not to be baulked of billiards or traps for + Terpsichore, and owned for unbroken generations by a healthy + line of procreant Clashthoughts, to the undoing of collateral + branches eager for the birth of a female. Passengers through + cushioned space, flying top-speed or dallying with obscure + stations not alighted at apparently, have had it pointed out to + them as beheld dimly for a privileged instant before they sink + back behind crackling barrier of instructive paper with a + "Thank you, Sir," or "Madam," as the case may be. Guide-books + praise it. I conceive they shall be studied for a cock-shy of + rainbow epithets slashed in at the target of Landed Gentry, + premonitorily. The tintinnabulation's enough. Periodical + footings of Clashthoughts into Mayfair or the Tyrol, signalled + by the slide from its mast of a crested index of Aeolian + caprice, blazon of their presence, give the curious a right to + spin through the halls and galleries under a cackle of + housekeeper guideship—scramble for a chuck of the + dainties, dog fashion. There is something to be said for the + rope's twist. Wisdom skips.</p> + + <p>It is recorded that the goblins of this same Lady Wisdom + were all agog one Christmas morning between the doors of the + house and the village church, which crouches on the outskirt of + the park, with something of a lodge in its look, you might say, + more than of celestial twinkles, even with Christmas hoar-frost + bleaching the grey of it in sunlight, as one sees imaged on + seasonable missives for amity in the trays marked "sixpence and + upwards," here and there, on the counters of barter.</p> + + <p>Be sure these goblins made obeisance to Sir Peter + Clashthought, as he passed by, starched beacon of squirearchy, + wife on arm, sons to heel. After him, certain members of the + household—rose-chapped males and females, bearing books + of worship. The pack of goblins glance up the drive with + nudging elbows and whisperings of "Where is daughter Euphemia? + Where Sir Rebus, her affianced?"</p> + + <p>Off they scamper for a peep through the windows of the + house. They throng the sill of the library, ears acock and + eyelids twittering admiration of a prospect. Euphemia was in + view of them—essence of her. Sir Rebus was at her side. + Nothing slips the goblins.</p> + + <p>"Nymph in the Heavy Dragoons" was Mrs. Cryptic-Sparkler's + famous definition of her. The County took it for final—an + uncut gem with a fleck in the heart of it. Euphemia condoned + the imagery. She had breadth. Heels that spread ample curves + over the ground she stood on, and hands that might floor you + with a clench of them, were hers. Grey eyes looked out lucid + and fearless under swelling temples that were lost in a + ruffling copse of hair. Her nose was virginal, with hints of + the Iron Duke at most angles. Square chin, cleft centrally, + gave her throat the look of a tower with a gun protrudent at + top. She was dressed for church evidently, but seemed no slave + to Time. Her bonnet was pushed well back from her head, and she + was fingering the ribbons. One saw she was a woman. She + inspired deference.</p> + + <p>"Forefinger for Shepherd's Crook" was what Mrs. + Cryptic-Sparkler had said of Sir Rebus. It shall stand at + that.</p> + + <p>"You have Prayer Book?" he queried.</p> + + <p>She nodded. Juno catches the connubial trick.</p> + + <p>"Hymns?"</p> + + <p>"Ancient and Modern."</p> + + <p>"I may share with you?"</p> + + <p>"I know by heart. Parrots sing."</p> + + <p>"Philomel carols," he bent to her.</p> + + <p>"Complaints spoil a festival."</p> + + <p>He waved hand to the door. "Lady, your father has + started."</p> + + <p>"He knows the adage. Copy-books instil it."</p> + + <p>"Inexorable truth in it."</p> + + <p>"We may dodge the scythe."</p> + + <p>"To be choked with the sands?"</p> + + <p>She flashed a smile. "I would not," he said, "that my + Euphemia were late for the Absolution."</p> + + <p>She cast eyes to the carpet. He caught them at the + rebound.</p> + + <p>"It snows," she murmured, swimming to the window.</p> + + <p>"A flake, no more. The season claims it."</p> + + <p>"I have thin boots."</p> + + <p>"Another pair?"</p> + + <p>"My maid buttons. She is at church."</p> + + <p>"My fingers?"</p> + + <p>"Ten on each."</p> + + <p>"Five," he corrected.</p> + + <p>"Buttons."</p> + + <p>"I beg your pardon."</p> + + <p>She saw opportunity. She swam to the bell-rope and grasped + it for a tinkle. The action spread feminine curves to her + lover's eyes. He was a man.</p> + + <p>Obsequiousness loomed in the doorway. Its mistress flashed + an order for port—two glasses. Sir Rebus sprang a pair of + eyebrows on her. Suspicion slid down the banisters of his mind, + trailing a blue ribbon. Inebriates were one of his hobbies. For + an instant she was sunset.</p> + + <p>"Medicinal," she murmured.</p> + + <p>"Forgive me, Madam. A glass, certainly. 'Twill warm us for + worshipping."</p> + + <p>The wine appeared, seemed to blink owlishly through the + facets of its decanter, like some hoary captive dragged forth + into light after years of subterraneous + darkness—something querulous in the sudden liberation of + it. Or say that it gleamed benignant from its tray, + steady-borne by the hands of reverence, as one has seen + Infallibility pass with uplifting of jewelled fingers through + genuflexions to the Balcony. Port has this in it: that it + compels obeisance, master of us; as opposed to brother and + sister wines wooing us with a coy flush in the gold of them to + a cursory tope or harlequin leap shimmering up the veins with a + sly wink at us through eyelets. Hussy vintages swim to a + cosset. We go to Port, mark you!</p> + + <p>Sir Rebus sipped with an affectionate twirl of thumb at the + glass's stem. He said "One scents the cobwebs."</p> + + <p>"Catches in them," Euphemia flung at him.</p> + + <p>"I take you. Bacchus laughs in the web."</p> + + <p>"Unspun but for Pallas."</p> + + <p>"A lady's jealousy."</p> + + <p>"Forethought, rather."</p> + + <p>"Brewed in the paternal pate. Grant it!"</p> + + <p>"For a spring in accoutrements."</p> + + <p>Sir Rebus inclined gravely. Port precludes prolongment of + the riposte.</p> + + <p>She replenished glasses. Deprecation yielded. "A step," she + said, "and we are in time for the First Lesson."</p> + + <p>"This," he agreed, "is a wine."</p> + + <p>"There are blasphemies in posture. One should sit to + it."</p> + + <p>"Perhaps." He sank to commodious throne of leather indicated + by her finger.</p> + + <p>Again she filled for him. "This time, no heel-taps," she was + imperative. "The Litany demands basis."</p> + + <p>"True." He drained, not repelling the decanter placed at his + elbow.</p> + + <p>"It is a wine," he presently repeated with a rolling tongue + over it.</p> + + <p>"Laid down by my great-grandfather. Cloistral."</p> + + <p>"Strange," he said, examining the stopper, "no date. + Antediluvian. Sound, though."</p> + + <p>He drew out his note-book. "<i>The senses</i>" he wrote, + "<i>are internecine. They shall have learned esprit de corps + before they enslave us.</i>" This was one of his happiest + flings to general from particular. "<i>Visual distraction cries + havoc to ultimate delicacy of palate</i>" would but have pinned + us a butterfly best a-hover; nor even so should we have had + truth of why the aphorist, closing note-book and nestling back + of head against that of chair, closed eyes also.</p> + + <p>As by some such law as lurks in meteorological toy for our + guidance in climes close-knit with Irony for bewilderment, + making egress of old woman synchronise inevitably with old + man's ingress, or the other way about, the force that closed + the aphorist's eye-lids parted his lips in degree according. + Thus had Euphemia, erect on hearth-rug, a cavern to gaze down + into. Outworks of fortifying ivory cast but denser shadows into + the inexplorable. The solitudes here grew murmurous. To and fro + through secret passages in the recesses leading up deviously to + lesser twin caverns of nose above, the gnomes Morphean went + about their business, whispering at first, but presently bold + to wind horns in unison—Roland-wise, not less.</p> + + <p>Euphemia had an ear for it; whim also to construe lord and + master relaxed but reboant and soaring above the verbal to + harmonic truths of abstract or transcendental, to be hummed + subsequently by privileged female audience of one bent on a + hook-or-crook plucking out of pith for salvation.</p> + + <p>She caught tablets pendent at her girdle. "<i>How long</i>," + queried her stilus, "<i>has our sex had humour? Jael + hammered.</i>"</p> + + <p>She might have hitched speculation further. But Mother + Earth, white-mantled, called to her.</p> + + <p>Casting eye of caution at recumbence, she paddled across the + carpet and anon swam out over the snow.</p> + + <p>Pagan young womanhood, six foot of it, spanned eight miles + before luncheon.</p> + + <blockquote class="footnote"> + <a id="footnote10" + name="footnote10"></a><b>Footnote 10:</b> + <a href="#footnotetag10">(return)</a> + + <p>It were not, as a general rule, well to republish after + a man's death the skit you made of his work while he lived. + Meredith, however, was so transcendent that such skits must + ever be harmless, and so lasting will his fame be that they + can never lose what freshness they may have had at first. + So I have put this thing in with the others, making + improvements that were needed.—M.B.</p> + </blockquote> + <hr /> + + <center> + PRINTED IN GREAT BRITAIN BY + </center> + + <center> + RICHARD CLAY & SONS, LIMITED, + </center> + + <center> + BUNGAY, SUFFOLK. + </center> + + + + + + + +<pre> + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of A Christmas Garland, by Max Beerbohm + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK A CHRISTMAS GARLAND *** + +***** This file should be named 14667-h.htm or 14667-h.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/1/4/6/6/14667/ + +Produced by Suzanne Shell, William Flis, and the Online Distributed +Proofreading Team. + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. Special rules, +set forth in the General Terms of Use part of this license, apply to +copying and distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works to +protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm concept and trademark. Project +Gutenberg is a registered trademark, and may not be used if you +charge for the eBooks, unless you receive specific permission. If you +do not charge anything for copies of this eBook, complying with the +rules is very easy. You may use this eBook for nearly any purpose +such as creation of derivative works, reports, performances and +research. They may be modified and printed and given away--you may do +practically ANYTHING with public domain eBooks. Redistribution is +subject to the trademark license, especially commercial +redistribution. + + + +*** START: FULL LICENSE *** + +THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE +PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK + +To protect the Project Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting the free +distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work +(or any other work associated in any way with the phrase "Project +Gutenberg"), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full Project +Gutenberg-tm License (available with this file or online at +https://gutenberg.org/license). + + +Section 1. General Terms of Use and Redistributing Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic works + +1.A. By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree to +and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property +(trademark/copyright) agreement. If you do not agree to abide by all +the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or destroy +all copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in your possession. +If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic work and you do not agree to be bound by the +terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from the person or +entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in paragraph 1.E.8. + +1.B. "Project Gutenberg" is a registered trademark. It may only be +used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people who +agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement. There are a few +things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works +even without complying with the full terms of this agreement. See +paragraph 1.C below. There are a lot of things you can do with Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic works if you follow the terms of this agreement +and help preserve free future access to Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works. See paragraph 1.E below. + +1.C. The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation ("the Foundation" +or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the collection of Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic works. Nearly all the individual works in the +collection are in the public domain in the United States. If an +individual work is in the public domain in the United States and you are +located in the United States, we do not claim a right to prevent you from +copying, distributing, performing, displaying or creating derivative +works based on the work as long as all references to Project Gutenberg +are removed. Of course, we hope that you will support the Project +Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting free access to electronic works by +freely sharing Project Gutenberg-tm works in compliance with the terms of +this agreement for keeping the Project Gutenberg-tm name associated with +the work. You can easily comply with the terms of this agreement by +keeping this work in the same format with its attached full Project +Gutenberg-tm License when you share it without charge with others. + +1.D. The copyright laws of the place where you are located also govern +what you can do with this work. Copyright laws in most countries are in +a constant state of change. If you are outside the United States, check +the laws of your country in addition to the terms of this agreement +before downloading, copying, displaying, performing, distributing or +creating derivative works based on this work or any other Project +Gutenberg-tm work. The Foundation makes no representations concerning +the copyright status of any work in any country outside the United +States. + +1.E. Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg: + +1.E.1. The following sentence, with active links to, or other immediate +access to, the full Project Gutenberg-tm License must appear prominently +whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg-tm work (any work on which the +phrase "Project Gutenberg" appears, or with which the phrase "Project +Gutenberg" is associated) is accessed, displayed, performed, viewed, +copied or distributed: + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + +1.E.2. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is derived +from the public domain (does not contain a notice indicating that it is +posted with permission of the copyright holder), the work can be copied +and distributed to anyone in the United States without paying any fees +or charges. If you are redistributing or providing access to a work +with the phrase "Project Gutenberg" associated with or appearing on the +work, you must comply either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1 +through 1.E.7 or obtain permission for the use of the work and the +Project Gutenberg-tm trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or +1.E.9. + +1.E.3. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is posted +with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution +must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any additional +terms imposed by the copyright holder. Additional terms will be linked +to the Project Gutenberg-tm License for all works posted with the +permission of the copyright holder found at the beginning of this work. + +1.E.4. Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project Gutenberg-tm +License terms from this work, or any files containing a part of this +work or any other work associated with Project Gutenberg-tm. + +1.E.5. Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this +electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without +prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with +active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project +Gutenberg-tm License. + +1.E.6. You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary, +compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form, including any +word processing or hypertext form. However, if you provide access to or +distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg-tm work in a format other than +"Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other format used in the official version +posted on the official Project Gutenberg-tm web site (www.gutenberg.org), +you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense to the user, provide a +copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means of obtaining a copy upon +request, of the work in its original "Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other +form. Any alternate format must include the full Project Gutenberg-tm +License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1. + +1.E.7. Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying, +performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg-tm works +unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9. + +1.E.8. You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing +access to or distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works provided +that + +- You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from + the use of Project Gutenberg-tm works calculated using the method + you already use to calculate your applicable taxes. The fee is + owed to the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark, but he + has agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to the + Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation. Royalty payments + must be paid within 60 days following each date on which you + prepare (or are legally required to prepare) your periodic tax + returns. Royalty payments should be clearly marked as such and + sent to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation at the + address specified in Section 4, "Information about donations to + the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation." + +- You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who notifies + you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that s/he + does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg-tm + License. You must require such a user to return or + destroy all copies of the works possessed in a physical medium + and discontinue all use of and all access to other copies of + Project Gutenberg-tm works. + +- You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of any + money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in the + electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90 days + of receipt of the work. + +- You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free + distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm works. + +1.E.9. If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic work or group of works on different terms than are set +forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing from +both the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation and Michael +Hart, the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark. Contact the +Foundation as set forth in Section 3 below. + +1.F. + +1.F.1. Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend considerable +effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe and proofread +public domain works in creating the Project Gutenberg-tm +collection. Despite these efforts, Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works, and the medium on which they may be stored, may contain +"Defects," such as, but not limited to, incomplete, inaccurate or +corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other intellectual +property infringement, a defective or damaged disk or other medium, a +computer virus, or computer codes that damage or cannot be read by +your equipment. + +1.F.2. LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Except for the "Right +of Replacement or Refund" described in paragraph 1.F.3, the Project +Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner of the Project +Gutenberg-tm trademark, and any other party distributing a Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic work under this agreement, disclaim all +liability to you for damages, costs and expenses, including legal +fees. YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT +LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE +PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH F3. YOU AGREE THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE +TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE +LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR +INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH +DAMAGE. + +1.F.3. LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you discover a +defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it, you can +receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by sending a +written explanation to the person you received the work from. If you +received the work on a physical medium, you must return the medium with +your written explanation. The person or entity that provided you with +the defective work may elect to provide a replacement copy in lieu of a +refund. If you received the work electronically, the person or entity +providing it to you may choose to give you a second opportunity to +receive the work electronically in lieu of a refund. If the second copy +is also defective, you may demand a refund in writing without further +opportunities to fix the problem. + +1.F.4. Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth +in paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you 'AS-IS' WITH NO OTHER +WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO +WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTIBILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE. + +1.F.5. Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied +warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of damages. +If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement violates the +law of the state applicable to this agreement, the agreement shall be +interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or limitation permitted by +the applicable state law. The invalidity or unenforceability of any +provision of this agreement shall not void the remaining provisions. + +1.F.6. INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the Foundation, the +trademark owner, any agent or employee of the Foundation, anyone +providing copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in accordance +with this agreement, and any volunteers associated with the production, +promotion and distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works, +harmless from all liability, costs and expenses, including legal fees, +that arise directly or indirectly from any of the following which you do +or cause to occur: (a) distribution of this or any Project Gutenberg-tm +work, (b) alteration, modification, or additions or deletions to any +Project Gutenberg-tm work, and (c) any Defect you cause. + + +Section 2. Information about the Mission of Project Gutenberg-tm + +Project Gutenberg-tm is synonymous with the free distribution of +electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of computers +including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers. It exists +because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and donations from +people in all walks of life. + +Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the +assistance they need, is critical to reaching Project Gutenberg-tm's +goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg-tm collection will +remain freely available for generations to come. In 2001, the Project +Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a secure +and permanent future for Project Gutenberg-tm and future generations. +To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation +and how your efforts and donations can help, see Sections 3 and 4 +and the Foundation web page at https://www.pglaf.org. + + +Section 3. Information about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive +Foundation + +The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non profit +501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the +state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal +Revenue Service. The Foundation's EIN or federal tax identification +number is 64-6221541. Its 501(c)(3) letter is posted at +https://pglaf.org/fundraising. Contributions to the Project Gutenberg +Literary Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent +permitted by U.S. federal laws and your state's laws. + +The Foundation's principal office is located at 4557 Melan Dr. S. +Fairbanks, AK, 99712., but its volunteers and employees are scattered +throughout numerous locations. Its business office is located at +809 North 1500 West, Salt Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887, email +business@pglaf.org. Email contact links and up to date contact +information can be found at the Foundation's web site and official +page at https://pglaf.org + +For additional contact information: + Dr. Gregory B. Newby + Chief Executive and Director + gbnewby@pglaf.org + + +Section 4. Information about Donations to the Project Gutenberg +Literary Archive Foundation + +Project Gutenberg-tm depends upon and cannot survive without wide +spread public support and donations to carry out its mission of +increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can be +freely distributed in machine readable form accessible by the widest +array of equipment including outdated equipment. Many small donations +($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax exempt +status with the IRS. + +The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating +charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United +States. Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a +considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and keep up +with these requirements. We do not solicit donations in locations +where we have not received written confirmation of compliance. To +SEND DONATIONS or determine the status of compliance for any +particular state visit https://pglaf.org + +While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where we +have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no prohibition +against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in such states who +approach us with offers to donate. + +International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make +any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from +outside the United States. U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff. + +Please check the Project Gutenberg Web pages for current donation +methods and addresses. Donations are accepted in a number of other +ways including including checks, online payments and credit card +donations. To donate, please visit: https://pglaf.org/donate + + +Section 5. General Information About Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works. + +Professor Michael S. Hart was the originator of the Project Gutenberg-tm +concept of a library of electronic works that could be freely shared +with anyone. For thirty years, he produced and distributed Project +Gutenberg-tm eBooks with only a loose network of volunteer support. + + +Project Gutenberg-tm eBooks are often created from several printed +editions, all of which are confirmed as Public Domain in the U.S. +unless a copyright notice is included. Thus, we do not necessarily +keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper edition. + + +Most people start at our Web site which has the main PG search facility: + + https://www.gutenberg.org + +This Web site includes information about Project Gutenberg-tm, +including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary +Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to +subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks. + + +</pre> + +</body> +</html> |