diff options
| -rw-r--r-- | .gitattributes | 3 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 14552-0.txt | 3294 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | LICENSE.txt | 11 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | README.md | 2 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | old/14552.txt | 3679 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | old/14552.zip | bin | 0 -> 43670 bytes |
6 files changed, 6989 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6833f05 --- /dev/null +++ b/.gitattributes @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +* text=auto +*.txt text +*.md text diff --git a/14552-0.txt b/14552-0.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..742f63b --- /dev/null +++ b/14552-0.txt @@ -0,0 +1,3294 @@ +*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 14552 *** + +A CATECHISM OF +CHRISTIAN DOCTRINE + + +Prepared and Enjoined by Order of +The Third Plenary Council of Baltimore + + +QUESTIONS NUMBERED TO AGREE WITH +"EXPLANATION OF THE BALTIMORE CATECHISM" + + +WITH PRAYERS AND HYMNS + + +No. 2 + +{For Confirmation Classes} + + + + +IMPRIMATUR + +New York, April 6, 1885. John Cardinal McCloskey, Archbishop of New +York. + +Baltimore, April 6, 1885. "The Catechism ordered by The Third Plenary +Council of Baltimore, having been diligently compared and examined, is +hereby approved." ++ James Gibbons, Archbishop of Baltimore, Apostolic Delegate. + + + + +{Transcriber's Note: This book is commonly known as "The Baltimore +Catechism No. 2" and is part of a four volume e-text collection. See +the author's note to Baltimore Catechism No. 3 for the background and +purpose of the series. This e-text collection is substantially based on +files generously provided by http://www.catholic.net/ with some missing +material transcribed and added for this release. Transcriber's notes in +this series are placed within braces, and usually prefixed "T.N.:".} + + + + +PRAYERS + + +THE LORD'S PRAYER + +Our Father, who art in heaven, hallowed be Thy name: Thy kingdom come; +Thy will be done on earth as it is in heaven. Give us this day our daily +bread; and forgive us our trespasses as we forgive those who trespass +against us: and lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil. +Amen. + + +THE ANGELICAL SALUTATION + +Hail Mary, full of grace! the Lord is with thee: blessed art thou +amongst women, and blessed is the fruit of thy womb, Jesus. Holy Mary, +Mother of God, pray for us sinners, now and at the hour of our death. +Amen. + + +THE APOSTLES' CREED + +I believe in God, the Father Almighty, Creator of heaven and earth; and +in Jesus Christ, His only Son, our Lord; who was conceived by the Holy +Ghost, born of the Virgin Mary, suffered under Pontius Pilate, was +crucified; died, and was buried. He descended into hell; the third day +He arose again from the dead; He ascended into heaven, sitteth at the +right hand of God, the Father Almighty; from thence He shall come to +judge the living and the dead. I believe in the Holy Ghost the Holy +Catholic Church, the communion of Saints, the forgiveness of sins, the +resurrection of the body, and the life everlasting. Amen. + + +THE CONFITEOR + +I confess to Almighty God, to blessed Mary, ever Virgin, to blessed +Michael the Archangel, to blessed John the Baptist, to the holy Apostles +Peter and Paul, and to all the Saints, that I have sinned exceedingly in +thought, word and deed, through my fault, through my fault, through my +most grievous fault. Therefore, I beseech blessed Mary, ever Virgin, +blessed Michael the Archangel, blessed John the Baptist, the holy +Apostles Peter and Paul, and all the Saints, to pray to the Lord our God +for me. + +May the Almighty God have mercy on me, and forgive me my sins, and bring +me to everlasting life. Amen. + +May the Almighty and merciful Lord grant me pardon, absolution, and +remission of all my sins. Amen. + + +AN ACT OF FAITH + +O my God! I firmly believe that Thou art one God in three Divine +Persons, Father, Son, and Holy Ghost; I believe that Thy Divine Son +became man, and died for our sins, and that he will come to judge the +living and the dead. I believe these and all the truths which the Holy +Catholic Church teaches, because Thou hast revealed them, who canst +neither deceive nor be deceived. + + +AN ACT OF HOPE + +O my God! relying on Thy infinite goodness and promises, I hope to +obtain pardon of my sins, the help of Thy grace, and life everlasting, +through the merits of Jesus Christ, my Lord and Redeemer. + + +AN ACT OF LOVE + +O my God! I love Thee above all things, with my whole heart and soul, +because Thou art all-good and worthy of all love. I love my neighbor as +myself for the love of Thee. I forgive all who have injured me, and ask +pardon of all whom I have injured. + + +AN ACT OF CONTRITION + +O my God! I am heartily sorry for having offended Thee, and I detest all +my sins, because I dread the loss of heaven and the pains of hell, but +most of all because they offend Thee, my God, who art all-good and +deserving of all my love. I firmly resolve, with the help of Thy grace, +to confess my sins, to do penance, and to amend my life. + + +THE BLESSING BEFORE MEALS + ++ Bless us, O Lord! and these Thy gifts, which we are about to receive +from Thy bounty, through Christ our Lord. Amen. + + +GRACE AFTER MEALS + ++ We give Thee thanks for all Thy benefits, O Almighty God, who livest +and reignest forever, and may the souls of the faithful departed +through the mercy of God, rest in peace. Amen. + + +THE MANNER IN WHICH A LAY PERSON IS TO BAPTIZE IN CASE OF NECESSITY + +Pour common water on the head or face of the person to be baptized, and +say while pouring it: + +"I baptize thee in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the +Holy Ghost." + +N.B. Any person of either sex who has reached the use of reason can +baptize in case of necessity, but the same person must say the words +while pouring the water. + + + + +CATECHISM + + + +LESSON FIRST +ON THE END OF MAN + + +1. Q. Who made the world? +A. God made the world. + +2. Q. Who is God? +A. God is the Creator of heaven and earth, and of all things. + +3. Q. What is man? +A. Man is a creature composed of body and soul, and made to the image +and likeness of God. + +4. Q. Is this likeness in the body or in the soul? +A. This likeness is chiefly in the soul. + +5. Q. How is the soul like to God? +A. The soul is like God because it is a spirit that will never die, and +has understanding and free will. + +6. Q. Why did God make you? +A. God made me to know Him, to love Him, and to serve Him in this world, +and to be happy with Him forever in the next. + +7. Q. Of which must we take more care, our soul or our body? +A. We must take more care of our soul than of our body. + +8. Q. Why must we take more care of our soul than of our body? +A. We must take more care of our soul than of our body, because in +losing our soul we lose God and everlasting happiness. + +9. Q. What must we do to save our souls? +A. To save our souls we must worship God by faith, hope, and charity; +that is, we must believe in Him, hope in Him, and love Him with all our +heart. + +10. Q. How shall we know the things which we are to believe? +A. We shall know the things which we are to believe from the Catholic +Church, through which God speaks to us. + +11. Q. Where shall we find the chief truths which the Church teaches? +A. We shall find the chief truths which the Church teaches in the +Apostles' Creed. + +12. Q. Say the Apostles' Creed. +A. I believe in God, the Father Almighty, Creator of heaven and earth; +and in Jesus Christ, His only Son, our Lord; who was conceived by the +Holy Ghost, born of the Virgin Mary, suffered under Pontius Pilate, was +crucified; died, and was buried. He descended into hell: the third day +He arose again from the dead: He ascended into heaven, and sitteth at +the right hand of God, the Father Almighty; from thence He shall come to +judge the living and the dead. I believe in the Holy Ghost, the Holy +Catholic Church, the communion of Saints, the forgiveness of sins, the +resurrection of the body, and the life everlasting. Amen. + + + +LESSON SECOND +ON GOD AND HIS PERFECTIONS + + +13. Q. What is God? +A. God is a spirit infinitely perfect. + +14. Q. Had God a beginning? +A. God had no beginning; He always was and He always will be. + +15. Q. Where is God? +A. God is everywhere. + +16. Q. If God is everywhere, why do we not see Him? +A. We do not see God, because He is a pure spirit and cannot be seen +with bodily eyes. + +17. Q. Does God see us? +A. God sees us and watches over us. + +18. Q. Does God know all things? +A. God knows all things, even our most secret thoughts, words, and +actions. + +19. Q. Can God do all things? +A. God can do all things, and nothing is hard or impossible to Him. + +20. Q. Is God just, holy, and merciful? +A. God is all just, all holy, all merciful, as He is infinitely perfect. + + + +LESSON THIRD +ON THE UNITY AND TRINITY OF GOD + + +21. Q. Is there but one God? +A. Yes; there is but one God. + +22. Q. Why can there be but one God? +A. There can be but one God, because God, being supreme and infinite, +cannot have an equal. + +23. Q. How many Persons are there in God? +A. In God there are three Divine Persons, really distinct, and equal in +all things--the Father, the Son, and the Holy Ghost. + +24. Q. Is the Father God? +A. The Father is God and the first Person of the Blessed Trinity. + +25. Q. Is the Son God? +A. The Son is God and the second Person of the Blessed Trinity. + +26. Q. Is the Holy Ghost God? +A. The Holy Ghost is God and the third Person of the Blessed Trinity. + +27. Q. What do you mean by the Blessed Trinity? +A. By the Blessed Trinity I mean one God in three Divine Persons. + +28. Q. Are the three Divine Persons equal in all things? +A. The three Divine Persons are equal in all things. + +29. Q. Are the three Divine Persons one and the same God? +A. The three Divine Persons are one and the same God, having one and the +same Divine nature and substance. + +30. Q. Can we fully understand how the three Divine Persons are one and +the same God? +A. We cannot fully understand how the three Divine Persons are one and +the same God, because this is a mystery. + +31. Q. What is a mystery? +A. A mystery is a truth which we cannot fully understand. + + + +LESSON FOURTH +ON CREATION + + +32. Q. Who created heaven and earth, and all things? +A. God created heaven and earth, and all things. + +33. Q. How did God create heaven and earth? +A. God created heaven and earth from nothing by His word only; that is, +by a single act of His all-powerful will. + +34. Q. Which are the chief creatures of God? +A. The chief creatures of God are angels and men. + +35. Q. What are angels? +A. Angels are pure spirits without a body, created to adore and enjoy +God in heaven. + +36. Q. Were the angels created for any other purpose? +A. The angels were also created to assist before the throne of God and +to minister unto Him; they have often been sent as messengers from God +to man; and are also appointed our guardians. + +37. Q. Were the angels, as God created them, good and happy? +A. The angels, as God created them, were good and happy. + +38. Q. Did all the angels remain good and happy? +A. All the angels did not remain good and happy; many of them sinned and +were cast into hell, and these are called devils or bad angels. + + + +LESSON FIFTH +ON OUR FIRST PARENTS AND THE FALL + + +39. Q. Who were the first man and woman? +A. The first man and woman were Adam and Eve. + +40. Q. Were Adam and Eve innocent and holy when they came from the hand +of God? +A. Adam and Eve were innocent and holy when they came from the hand of +God. + +41. Q. Did God give any command to Adam and Eve? +A. To try their obedience God commanded Adam and Eve not to eat of a +certain fruit which grew in the garden of Paradise. + +42. Q. Which were the chief blessings intended for Adam and Eve had they +remained faithful to God? +A. The chief blessings intended for Adam and Eve, had they remained +faithful to God, were a constant state of happiness in this life and +everlasting glory in the next. + +43. Q. Did Adam and Eve remain faithful to God? +A. Adam and Eve did not remain faithful to God; but broke His command by +eating the forbidden fruit. + +44. Q. What befell Adam and Eve on account of their sin? +A. Adam and Eve, on account of their sin, lost innocence and holiness, +and were doomed to sickness and death. + +45. Q. What evil befell us on account of the disobedience of our first +parents? +A. On account of the disobedience of our first parents, we all share in +their sin and punishment, as we should have shared in their happiness if +they had remained faithful. + +46. Q. What other effects followed from the sin of our first parents? +A. Our nature was corrupted by the sin of our first parents, which +darkened our understanding, weakened our will, and left in us a strong +inclination to evil. + +47. Q. What is the sin called which we inherit from our first parents? +A. The sin which we inherit from our first parents is called original +sin. + +48. Q. Why is this sin called original? +A. This sin is called original because it comes down to us from our +first parents, and we are brought into the world with its guilt on our +soul. + +49. Q. Does this corruption of our nature remain in us after original +sin is forgiven? +A. This corruption of our nature and other punishments remain in us +after original sin is forgiven. + +50. Q. Was any one ever preserved from original sin? +A. The Blessed Virgin Mary, through the merits of her Divine Son, was +preserved free from the guilt of original sin, and this privilege is +called her Immaculate Conception. + + + +LESSON SIXTH +ON SIN AND ITS KINDS + + +51. Q. Is original sin the only kind of sin? +A. Original sin is not the only kind of sin; there is another kind of +sin, which we commit ourselves, called actual sin. + +52. Q. What is actual sin? +A. Actual sin is any wilful thought, word, deed, or omission contrary to +the law of God. + +53. Q. How many kinds of actual sin are there? +A. There are two kinds of actual sin--mortal and venial. + +54. Q. What is mortal sin? +A. Mortal sin is a grievous offense against the law of God. + +55. Q. Why is this sin called mortal? +A. This sin is called mortal because it deprives us of spiritual life, +which is sanctifying grace, and brings everlasting death and damnation +on the soul. + +56. Q. How many things are necessary to make a sin mortal? +A. To make a sin mortal three things are necessary: a grievous matter, +sufficient reflection, and full consent of the will. + +57. Q. What is venial sin? +A. Venial sin is a slight offense against the law of God in matters of +less importance, or in matters of great importance it is an offense +committed without sufficient reflection or full consent of the will. + +58. Q. Which are the effects of venial sin? +A. The effects of venial sin are the lessening of the love of God in our +heart, the making us less worthy of His help, and the weakening of the +power to resist mortal sin. + +59. Q. Which are the chief sources of sin? +A. The chief sources of sin are seven: Pride, Covetousness, Lust, Anger, +Gluttony, Envy, and Sloth; and they are commonly called capital sins. + + + +LESSON SEVENTH +ON THE INCARNATION AND REDEMPTION + + +60. Q. Did God abandon man after he fell into sin? +A. God did not abandon man after he fell into sin, but promised him a +Redeemer, who was to satisfy for man's sin and reopen to him the gates +of heaven. + +61. Q. Who is the Redeemer? +A. Our Blessed Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ is the Redeemer of mankind. + +62. Q. What do you believe of Jesus Christ? +A. I believe that Jesus Christ is the Son of God, the second Person of +the Blessed Trinity, true God and true man. + +63. Q. Why is Jesus Christ true God? +A. Jesus Christ is true God because He is the true and only Son of God +the Father. + +64. Q. Why is Jesus Christ true man? +A. Jesus Christ is true man because He is the Son of the Blessed Virgin +Mary and has a body and soul like ours. + +65. Q. How many natures are there in Jesus Christ? +A. In Jesus Christ there are two natures, the nature of God and the +nature of man. + +66. Q. Is Jesus Christ more than one person? +A. No, Jesus Christ is but one Divine Person. + +67. Q. Was Jesus Christ always God? +A. Jesus Christ was always God, as He is the second Person of the +Blessed Trinity, equal to His Father from all eternity. + +68. Q. Was Jesus Christ always man? +A. Jesus Christ was not always man, but became man at the time of His +Incarnation. + +69. Q. What do you mean by the Incarnation? +A. By the Incarnation I mean that the Son of God was made man. + +70. Q. How was the Son of God made man? +A. The Son of God was conceived and made man by the power of the Holy +Ghost, in the womb of the Blessed Virgin Mary. + +71. Q. Is the Blessed Virgin Mary truly the Mother of God? +A. The Blessed Virgin Mary is truly the Mother of God, because the same +Divine Person who is the Son of God is also the Son of the Blessed +Virgin Mary. + +72. Q. Did the Son of God become man immediately after the sin of our +first parents? +A. The Son of God did not become man immediately after the sin of our +first parents, but was promised to them as a Redeemer. + +73. Q. How could they be saved who lived before the Son of God became +man? +A. They who lived before the Son of God became man could be saved by +believing in a Redeemer to come, and by keeping the commandments. + +74. Q. On what day was the Son of God conceived and made man? +A. The Son of God was conceived and made man on Annunciation day--the +day on which the Angel Gabriel announced to the Blessed Virgin Mary that +she was to be the Mother of God. + +75. Q. On what day was Christ born? +A. Christ was born on Christmas day in a stable at Bethlehem, over +nineteen hundred years ago. + +76. Q. How long did Christ live on earth? +A. Christ lived on earth about thirty-three years, and led a most holy +life in poverty and suffering. + +77. Q. Why did Christ live so long on earth? +A. Christ lived so long on earth to show us the way to heaven by His +teachings and example. + + + +LESSON EIGHTH +ON OUR LORD'S PASSION, DEATH, RESURRECTION, AND ASCENSION + + +78. Q. What did Jesus Christ suffer? +A. Jesus Christ suffered a bloody sweat, a cruel scourging, was crowned +with thorns, and was crucified. + +79. Q. On what day did Christ die? +A. Christ died on Good Friday. + +80. Q. Why do you call that day "good" on which Christ died so sorrowful +a death? +A. We call that day "good" on which Christ died because by His death He +showed His great love for man, and purchased for him every blessing. + +81. Q. Where did Christ die? +A. Christ died on Mount Calvary. + +82. Q. How did Christ die? +A. Christ was nailed to the Cross and died on it between two thieves. + +83. Q. Why did Christ suffer and die? +A. Christ suffered and died for our sins. + +84. Q. What lessons do we learn from the sufferings and death of Christ? +A. From the sufferings and death of Christ we learn the great evil of +sin, the hatred God bears to it, and the necessity of satisfying for it. + +85. Q. Where did Christ's soul go after His death? +A. After Christ's death His soul descended into hell. + +86. Q. Did Christ's soul descend into the hell of the damned? +A. The hell into which Christ's soul descended was not the hell of the +damned, but a place or state of rest called Limbo, where the souls of +the just were waiting for Him. + +87. Q. Why did Christ descend into Limbo? +A. Christ descended into Limbo to preach to the souls who were in +prison--that is, to announce to them the joyful tidings of their +redemption. + +88. Q. Where was Christ's body while His soul was in Limbo? +A. While Christ's soul was in Limbo His body was in the holy sepulchre. + +89. Q. On what day did Christ rise from the dead? +A. Christ rose from the dead, glorious and immortal, on Easter Sunday, +the third day after His death. + +90. Q. How long did Christ stay on earth after His resurrection? +A. Christ stayed on earth forty days after His resurrection to show that +He was truly risen from the dead, and to instruct His Apostles. + +91. Q. After Christ had remained forty days on earth whither did He go? +A. After forty days Christ ascended into heaven, and the day on which He +ascended into heaven is called Ascension day. + +92. Q. Where is Christ in heaven? +A. In heaven Christ sits at the right hand of God the Father Almighty. + +93. Q. What do you mean by saying that Christ sits at the right hand Of +God? +A. When I say that Christ sits at the right hand of God I mean that +Christ as God is equal to His Father in all things, and that as man He +is in the highest place in heaven next to God. + + + +LESSON NINTH +ON THE HOLY GHOST AND HIS DESCENT UPON THE APOSTLES + + +94. Q. Who is the Holy Ghost? +A. The Holy Ghost is the third Person of the Blessed Trinity. + +95. Q. From whom does the Holy Ghost proceed? +A. The Holy Ghost proceeds from the Father and the Son. + +96. Q. Is the Holy Ghost equal to the Father and the Son? +A. The Holy Ghost is equal to the Father and the Son, being the same +Lord and God as They are. + +97. Q. On what day did the Holy Ghost come down upon the Apostles? +A. The Holy Ghost came down upon the Apostles ten days after the +Ascension of our Lord; and the day on which He came down upon the +Apostles is called Whitsunday, or Pentecost. + +98. Q. How did the Holy Ghost come down upon the Apostles? +A. The Holy Ghost came down upon the Apostles in the form of tongues of +fire. + +99. Q. Who sent the Holy Ghost upon the Apostles? +A. Our Lord Jesus Christ sent the Holy Ghost upon the Apostles. + +100. Q. Why did Christ send the Holy Ghost? +A. Christ sent the Holy Ghost to sanctify His Church, to enlighten and +strengthen the Apostles, and to enable them to preach the Gospel. + +101. Q. Will the Holy Ghost abide with the Church forever? +A. The Holy Ghost will abide with the Church forever, and guide it in +the way of holiness and truth. + + + +LESSON TENTH +ON THE EFFECTS OF THE REDEMPTION + + +102. Q. Which are the chief effects of the Redemption? +A. The chief effects of the Redemption are two: The satisfaction of +God's justice by Christ's sufferings and death, and the gaining of grace +for men. + +103. Q. What do you mean by grace? +A. By grace I mean a supernatural gift of God bestowed on us, through +the merits of Jesus Christ, for our salvation. + +104. Q. How many kinds of grace are there? +A. There are two kinds of grace, sanctifying grace and actual grace. + +105. Q. What is sanctifying grace? +A. Sanctifying grace is that grace which makes the soul holy and +pleasing to God. + +106. Q. What do you call those graces or gifts of God by which we +believe in Him, hope in Him, and love Him? +A. Those graces or gifts of God by which we believe in Him, and hope in +Him, and love Him, are called the Divine virtues of Faith, Hope, and +Charity. + +107. Q. What is Faith? +A. Faith is a Divine virtue by which we firmly believe the truths which +God has revealed. + +108. Q. What is Hope? +A. Hope is a Divine virtue by which we firmly trust that God will give +us eternal life and the means to obtain it. + +109. Q. What is Charity? +A. Charity is a Divine virtue by which we love God above all things for +His own sake, and our neighbor as ourselves for the love of God. + +110. Q. What is actual grace? +A. Actual grace is that help of God which enlightens our mind and moves +our will to shun evil and do good. + +111. Q. Is grace necessary to salvation? +A. Grace is necessary to salvation, because without grace we can do +nothing to merit heaven. + +112. Q. Can we resist the grace of God? +A. We can and unfortunately often do resist the grace of God. + +113. Q. What is the grace of perseverance? +A. The grace of perseverance is a particular gift of God which enables +us to continue in the state of grace till death. + + + +LESSON ELEVENTH +ON THE CHURCH + + +114. Q. Which are the means instituted by our Lord to enable men at all +times to share in the fruits of the Redemption? +A. The means instituted by our Lord to enable men at all times to share +in the fruits of His Redemption are the Church and the Sacraments. + +115. Q. What is the Church? +A. The Church is the congregation of all those who profess the faith of +Christ, partake of the same Sacraments, and are governed by their lawful +pastors under one visible head. + +116. Q. Who is the invisible Head of the Church? +A. Jesus Christ is the invisible Head of the Church. + +117. Q. Who is the visible Head of the Church? +A. Our Holy Father the Pope, the Bishop of Rome, is the Vicar of Christ +on earth and the visible Head of the Church. + +118. Q. Why is the Pope, the Bishop of Rome, the visible Head of the +Church? +A. The Pope, the Bishop of Rome, is the visible Head of the Church +because he is the successor of St. Peter, whom Christ made the chief of +the Apostles and the visible Head of the Church. + +119. Q. Who are the successors of the other Apostles? +A. The successors of the other Apostles are the bishops of the Holy +Catholic Church. + +120. Q. Why did Christ found the Church? +A. Christ founded the Church to teach, govern, sanctify, and save all +men. + +121. Q. Are all bound to belong to the Church? +A. All are bound to belong to the Church, and he who knows the Church to +be the true Church and remains out of it cannot be saved. + + + +LESSON TWELFTH +ON THE ATTRIBUTES AND MARKS OF THE CHURCH + + +122. Q. Which are the attributes of the Church? +A. The attributes of the Church are three: authority infallibility, and +indefectibility. + +123. Q. What do you mean by the authority of the Church? +A. By the authority of the Church I mean the right and power which the +Pope and the bishops, as the successors of the Apostles, have to teach +and to govern the faithful. + +124. Q. What do you mean by the infallibility of the Church? +A. By the infallibility of the Church I mean that the Church cannot err +when it teaches a doctrine of faith or morals. + +125. Q. When does the Church teach infallibly? +A. The Church teaches infallibly when it speaks through the Pope and the +bishops, united in general council, or through the Pope alone when he +proclaims to all the faithful a doctrine of faith or morals. + +126. Q. What do you mean by the indefectibility of the Church? +A. By the indefectibility of the Church I mean that the Church, as +Christ founded it, will last till the end of time. + +127. Q. In whom are these attributes found in their fullness? +A. These attributes are found in their fullness in the Pope, the visible +Head of the Church, whose infallible authority to teach bishops, +priests, and people in matters of faith or morals will last till the end +of the world. + +128. Q. Has the Church any marks by which it may be known? +A. The Church has four marks by which it may be known: it is One; it is +Holy; it is Catholic; it is Apostolic. + +129. Q. How is the Church One? +A. The Church is One because all its members agree in one faith, are all +in one communion, and are all under one Head. + +130. Q. How is the Church Holy? +A. The Church is Holy because its founder, Jesus Christ, is holy; +because it teaches a holy doctrine; invites all to a holy life; and +because of the eminent holiness of so many thousands of its children. + +131. Q. How is the Church Catholic or universal? +A. The Church is Catholic or universal because it subsists in all ages, +teaches all nations, and maintains all truth. + +132. Q. How is the Church Apostolic? +A. The Church is Apostolic because it was founded by Christ on His +Apostles, and is governed by their lawful successors, and because it has +never ceased, and never will cease, to teach their doctrine. + +133. Q. In which Church are these attributes and marks found? +A. These attributes and marks are found in the Holy Roman Catholic +Church alone. + +134. Q. From whom does the Church derive its undying life and infallible +authority? +A. The Church derives its undying life and infallible authority from the +Holy Ghost, the spirit of truth, who abides with it forever. + +135. Q. By whom is the Church made and kept One, Holy, and Catholic? +A. The Church is made and kept One, Holy, and Catholic by the Holy +Ghost, the spirit of love and holiness, who unites and sanctifies its +members throughout the world. + + + +LESSON THIRTEENTH +ON THE SACRAMENTS IN GENERAL + + +136. Q. What is a Sacrament? +A. A Sacrament is an outward sign instituted by Christ to give grace. + +137. Q. How many Sacraments are there? +A. There are seven Sacraments: Baptism, Confirmation, Holy Eucharist, +Penance, Extreme Unction, Holy Orders, and Matrimony. + +138. Q. Whence have the Sacraments the power of giving grace? +A. The Sacraments have the power of giving grace from the merits of +Jesus Christ. + +139. Q. What grace do the Sacraments give? +A. Some of the Sacraments give sanctifying grace, and others increase it +in our souls. + +140. Q. Which are the Sacraments that give sanctifying grace? +A. The Sacraments that give sanctifying grace are Baptism and Penance; +and they are called Sacraments of the dead. + +141. Q. Why are Baptism and Penance called Sacraments of the dead? +A. Baptism and Penance are called Sacraments of the dead, because they +take away sin, which is the death of the soul, and give grace, which is +its life. + +142. Q. Which are the Sacraments that increase sanctifying grace in our +soul? +A. The Sacraments that increase sanctifying grace in our soul are: +Confirmation, Holy Eucharist, Extreme Unction, Holy Orders, and +Matrimony; and they are called Sacraments of the living. + +143. Q. Why are Confirmation, Holy Eucharist, Extreme Unction, Holy +Orders, and Matrimony called Sacraments of the living? +A. Confirmation, Holy Eucharist, Extreme Unction, Holy Orders, and +Matrimony are called Sacraments of the living, because those who receive +them worthily are already living the life of grace. + +144. Q. What sin does he commit who receives the Sacraments of the +living in mortal sin? +A. He who receives the Sacraments of the living in mortal sin commits a +sacrilege, which is a great sin, because it is an abuse of a sacred +thing. + +145. Q. Besides sanctifying grace do the Sacraments give any other +grace? +A. Besides sanctifying grace the Sacraments give another grace, called +sacramental. + +146. Q. What is sacramental grace? +A. Sacramental grace is a special help which God gives, to attain the +end for which He instituted each Sacrament. + +147. Q. Do the Sacraments always give grace? +A. The Sacraments always give grace, if we receive them with the right +dispositions. + +148. Q. Can we receive the Sacraments more than once? +A. We can receive the Sacraments more than once, except Baptism, +Confirmation, and Holy Orders. + +149. Q. Why can we not receive Baptism, Confirmation, and Holy Orders +more than once? +A. We cannot receive Baptism, Confirmation, and Holy Orders more than +once, because they imprint a character in the soul. + +150. Q. What is the character which these Sacraments imprint in the +soul? +A. The character which these Sacraments imprint in the soul is a +spiritual mark which remains forever. + +151. Q. Does this character remain in the soul even after death? +A. This character remains in the soul even after death: for the honor +and glory of those who are saved; for the shame and punishment of those +who are lost. + + + +LESSON FOURTEENTH +ON BAPTISM + + +152. Q. What is Baptism? +A. Baptism is a Sacrament which cleanses us from original sin, makes us +Christians, children of God, and heirs of heaven. + +153. Q. Are actual sins ever remitted by Baptism? +A. Actual sins and all the punishment due to them are remitted by +Baptism, if the person baptized be guilty of any. + +154. Q. Is Baptism necessary to salvation? +A. Baptism is necessary to salvation, because without it we cannot enter +into the kingdom of heaven. + +155. Q. Who can administer Baptism? +A. The priest is the ordinary minister of Baptism; but in case of +necessity any one who has the use of reason may baptize. + +156. Q. How is Baptism given? +A. Whoever baptizes should pour water on the head of the person to be +baptized, and say, while pouring the water: I baptize thee in the name +of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost. + +157. Q. How many kinds of Baptism are there? +A. There are three kinds of Baptism: Baptism of water, of desire, and of +blood. + +158. Q. What is Baptism of water? +A. Baptism of water is that which is given by pouring water on the head +of the person to be baptized, and saying at the same time: I baptize +thee in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost. + +159. Q. What is Baptism of desire? +A. Baptism of desire is an ardent wish to receive Baptism, and to do all +that God has ordained for our salvation. + +160. Q. What is Baptism of blood? +A. Baptism of blood is the shedding of one's blood for the faith of +Christ. + +161. Q. Is Baptism of desire or of blood sufficient to produce the +effects of Baptism of water? +A. Baptism of desire or of blood is sufficient to produce the effects of +the Baptism of water, if it is impossible to receive the Baptism of +water. + +162. Q. What do we promise in Baptism? +A. In Baptism we promise to renounce the devil with all his works and +pomps. + +163. Q. Why is the name of a saint given in Baptism? +A. The name of a saint is given in Baptism in order that the person +baptized may imitate his virtues and have him for a protector. + +164. Q. Why are godfathers and godmothers given in Baptism? +A. Godfathers and godmothers are given in Baptism in order that they may +promise, in the name of the child, what the child itself would promise +if it had the use of reason. + +165. Q. What is the obligation of a godfather and a godmother? +A. The obligation of a godfather and a godmother is to instruct the +child in its religious duties, if the parents neglect to do so or die. + + + +LESSON FIFTEENTH +ON CONFIRMATION + + +166. Q. What is Confirmation? +A. Confirmation is a Sacrament through which we receive the Holy Ghost +to make us strong and perfect Christians and soldiers of Jesus Christ. + +167. Q. Who administers Confirmation? +A. The bishop is the ordinary minister of Confirmation. + +168. Q. How does the bishop give Confirmation? +A. The bishop extends his hands over those who are to be confirmed, +prays that they may receive the Holy Ghost, and anoints the forehead of +each with holy chrism in the form of a cross. + +169. Q. What is holy chrism? +A. Holy chrism is a mixture of olive-oil and balm, consecrated by the +bishop. + +170. Q. What does the bishop say in anointing the person he confirms? +A. In anointing the person he confirms the bishop says: I sign thee with +the sign of the cross, and I confirm thee with the chrism of salvation, +in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost. + +171. Q. What is meant by anointing the forehead with chrism in the form +of a cross? +A. By anointing the forehead with chrism in the form of a cross is +meant, that the Christian who is confirmed must openly profess and +practice his faith, never be ashamed of it, and rather die than deny it. + +172. Q. Why does the bishop give the person he confirms a slight blow on +the cheek? +A. The bishop gives the person he confirms a slight blow on the cheek, +to put him in mind that he must be ready to suffer everything, even +death, for the sake of Christ. + +173. Q. To receive Confirmation worthily is it necessary to be in the +state of grace? +A. To receive Confirmation worthily it is necessary to be in the state +of grace. + +174. Q. What special preparation should be made to receive Confirmation? +A. Persons of an age to learn should know the chief mysteries of faith +and the duties of a Christian, and be instructed in the nature and +effects of this Sacrament. + +175. Q. Is it a sin to neglect Confirmation? +A. It is a sin to neglect Confirmation, especially in these evil days +when faith and morals are exposed to so many and such violent +temptations. + + + +LESSON SIXTEENTH +ON THE GIFTS AND FRUITS OF THE HOLY GHOST + + +176. Q. Which are the effects of Confirmation? +A. The effects of Confirmation are an increase of sanctifying grace, the +strengthening of our faith, and the gifts of the Holy Ghost. + +177. Q. Which are the gifts of the Holy Ghost? +A. The gifts of the Holy Ghost are Wisdom, Understanding, Counsel, +Fortitude, Knowledge, Piety and Fear of the Lord. + +178. Q. Why do we receive the gift of Fear of the Lord? +A. We receive the gift of Fear of the Lord to fill us with a dread of +sin. + +179. Q. Why do we receive the gift of Piety? +A. We receive the gift of Piety to make us love God as a Father and obey +Him because we love Him. + +180. Q. Why do we receive the gift of Knowledge? +A. We receive the gift of Knowledge to enable us to discover the will of +God in all things. + +181. Q. Why do we receive the gift of Fortitude? +A. We receive the gift of Fortitude to strengthen us to do the will of +God in all things. + +182. Q. Why do we receive the gift of Counsel? +A. We receive the gift of Counsel to warn us of the deceits of the +devil, and of the dangers to salvation. + +183. Q. Why do we receive the gift of Understanding? +A. We receive the gift of Understanding to enable us to know more +clearly the mysteries of faith. + +184. Q. Why do we receive the gift of Wisdom? +A. We receive the gift of Wisdom to give us a relish for the things of +God, and to direct our whole life and all our actions to His honor and +glory. + +185. Q. Which are the Beatitudes? +A. The Beatitudes are: + +1. Blessed are the poor in spirit, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven. +2. Blessed are the meek, for they shall possess the land. +3. Blessed are they that mourn, for they shall be comforted. +4. Blessed are they that hunger and thirst after justice, for they shall + be filled. +5. Blessed are the merciful, for they shall obtain mercy. +6. Blessed are the clean of heart, for they shall see God. +7. Blessed are the peacemakers, for they shall be called the children of + God. +8. Blessed are they that suffer persecution for justice sake, for theirs + is the kingdom of heaven. + +186. Q. Which are the twelve fruits of the Holy Ghost? +A. The twelve fruits of the Holy Ghost are Charity, Joy, Peace, +Patience, Benignity, Goodness, Long-suffering, Mildness, Faith, Modesty, +Continency, and Chastity. + + + +LESSON SEVENTEENTH +ON THE SACRAMENT OF PENANCE + + +187. Q. What is the Sacrament of Penance? +A. Penance is a Sacrament in which the sins committed after Baptism are +forgiven. + +188. Q. How does the Sacrament of Penance remit sin, and restore to the +soul the friendship of God? +A. The Sacrament of Penance remits sins and restores the friendship of +God to the soul by means of the absolution of the priest. + +189. Q. How do you know that the priest has the power of absolving from +the sins committed after Baptism? +A. I know that the priest has the power of absolving from the sins +committed after Baptism, because Jesus Christ granted that power to the +priests of His Church when He said: "Receive ye the Holy Ghost. Whose +sins you shall forgive, they are forgiven them; whose sins you shall +retain, they are retained." + +190. Q. How do the priests of the Church exercise the power of forgiving +sins? +A. The priests of the Church exercise the power of forgiving sins by +hearing the confession of sins, and granting pardon for them as +ministers of God and in His name. + +191. Q. What must we do to receive the Sacrament of Penance worthily? +A. To receive the Sacrament of Penance worthily we must do five things: + +1. We must examine our conscience. +2. We must have sorrow for our sins. +3. We must make a firm resolution never more to offend God. +4. We must confess our sins to the priest. +5. We must accept the penance which the priest gives us. + +192. Q. What is the examination of conscience? +A. The examination of conscience is an earnest effort to recall to mind +all the sins we have committed since our last worthy confession. + +193. Q. How can we make a good examination of conscience? +A. We can make a good examination of conscience by calling to memory the +commandments of God, the precepts of the Church, the seven capital sins, +and the particular duties of our state in life, to find out the sins we +have committed. + +194. Q. What should we do before beginning the examination of +conscience? +A. Before beginning the examination of conscience we should pray to God +to give us light to know our sins and grace to detest them. + + + +LESSON EIGHTEENTH +ON CONTRITION + + +195. Q. What is contrition, or sorrow for sin? +A. Contrition, or sorrow for sin, is a hatred of sin and a true grief of +the soul for having offended God, with a firm purpose of sinning no +more. + +196. Q. What kind of sorrow should we have for our sins? +A. The sorrow we should have for our sins should be interior, +supernatural, universal, and sovereign. + +197. Q. What do you mean by saying that our sorrow should be interior? +A. When I say that our sorrow should be interior, I mean that it should +come from the heart, and not merely from the lips. + +198. Q. What do you mean by saying that our sorrow should be +supernatural? +A. When I say that our sorrow should be supernatural, I mean that it +should be prompted by the grace of God, and excited by motives which +spring from faith, and not by merely natural motives. + +199. Q. What do you mean by saying that our sorrow should be universal? +A. When I say that our sorrow should be universal, I mean that we should +be sorry for all our mortal sins without exception. + +200. Q. What do you mean when you say that our sorrow should be +sovereign? +A. When I say that our sorrow should be sovereign, I mean that we should +grieve more for having offended God than for any other evil that can +befall us. + +201. Q. Why should we be sorry for our sins? +A. We should be sorry for our sins, because sin is the greatest of evils +and an offense against God our Creator, Preserver, and Redeemer, and +because it shuts us out of heaven and condemns us to the eternal pains +of hell. + +202. Q. How many kinds of contrition are there? +A. There are two kinds of contrition: perfect contrition and imperfect +contrition. + +203. Q. What is perfect contrition? +A. Perfect contrition is that which fills us with sorrow and hatred for +sin, because it offends God, who is infinitely good in Himself and +worthy of all love. + +204. Q. What is imperfect contrition? +A. Imperfect contrition is that by which we hate what offends God, +because by it we lose heaven and deserve hell; or because sin is so +hateful in itself. + +205. Q. Is imperfect contrition sufficient for a worthy confession? +A. Imperfect contrition is sufficient for a worthy confession, but we +should endeavor to have perfect contrition. + +206. Q. What do you mean by a firm purpose of sinning no more? +A. By a firm purpose of sinning no more I mean a fixed resolve not only +to avoid all mortal sin, but also its near occasions. + +207. Q. What do you mean by the near occasions of sin? +A. By the near occasions of sin I mean all the persons, places, and +things that may easily lead us into sin. + + + +LESSON NINETEENTH +ON CONFESSION + + +208. Q. What is Confession? +A. Confession is the telling of our sins to a duly authorized priest, +for the purpose of obtaining forgiveness. + +209. Q. What sins are we bound to confess? +A. We are bound to confess all our mortal sins, but it is well also to +confess our venial sins. + +210. Q. Which are the chief qualities of a good Confession? +A. The chief qualities of a good Confession are three: it must be +humble, sincere, and entire. + +211. Q. When is our Confession humble? +A. Our Confession is humble, when we accuse our selves of our sins, with +a deep sense of shame and sorrow for having offended God. + +212. Q. When is our Confession sincere? +A. Our Confession is sincere, when we tell our sins honestly and +truthfully, neither exaggerating nor excusing them. + +213. Q. When is our Confession entire? +A. Our Confession is entire, when we tell the number and kinds of our +sins and the circumstances which change their nature. + +214. Q. What should we do if we cannot remember the number of our sins? +A. If we cannot remember the number of our sins, we should tell the +number as nearly as possible, and say how often we may have sinned in a +day, a week, or a month, and how long the habit or practice has lasted. + +215. Q. Is our Confession worthy if, without our fault, we forget to +confess a mortal sin? +A. If without our fault we forget to confess a mortal sin, our +Confession is worthy, and the sin is forgiven; but it must be told in +Confession if it again comes to our mind. + +216. Q. Is it a grievous offense wilfully to conceal a mortal sin in +Confession? +A. It is a grievous offense wilfully to conceal a mortal sin in +Confession, because we thereby tell a lie to the Holy Ghost, and make +our Confession worthless. + +217. Q. What must he do who has wilfully concealed a mortal sin in +Confession? +A. He who has wilfully concealed a mortal sin in Confession must not +only confess it, but must also repeat all the sins he has committed +since his last worthy Confession. + +218. Q. Why does the priest give us a penance after Confession? +A. The priest gives us a penance after Confession, that we may satisfy +God for the temporal punishment due to our sins. + +219. Q. Does not the Sacrament of Penance remit all punishment due to +sin? +A. The Sacrament of Penance remits the eternal punishment due to sin, +but it does not always remit the temporal punishment which God requires +as satisfaction for our sins. + +220. Q. Why does God require a temporal punishment as a satisfaction for +sin? +A. God requires a temporal punishment as a satisfaction for sin, to +teach us the great evil of sin and to prevent us from falling again. + +221. Q. Which are the chief means by which we satisfy God for the +temporal punishment due to sin? +A. The chief means by which we satisfy God for the temporal punishment +due to sin are: Prayer, Fasting, Almsgiving, all spiritual and corporal +works of mercy, and the patient suffering of the ills of life. + +222. Q. Which are the chief spiritual works of mercy? +A. The chief spiritual works of mercy are seven: To admonish the sinner, +to instruct the ignorant, to counsel the doubtful, to comfort the +sorrowful, to bear wrongs patiently, to forgive all injuries, and to +pray for the living and the dead. + +223. Q. Which are the chief corporal works of mercy? +A. The chief corporal works of mercy are seven: To feed the hungry, to +give drink to the thirsty, to clothe the naked, to ransom the captive, +to harbor the harborless, to visit the sick, and to bury the dead. + + + +LESSON TWENTIETH +ON THE MANNER OF MAKING A GOOD CONFESSION + + +224. Q. What should we do on entering the confessional? +A. On entering the confessional we should kneel, make the sign of the +Cross, and say to the priest, Bless me, Father; then add, I confess to +Almighty God and to you, Father, that I have sinned. + +225. Q. Which are the first things we should tell the priest in +Confession? +A. The first things we should tell the priest in Confession are the time +of our last Confession, and whether we said the penance and went to Holy +Communion. + +226. Q. After telling the time of our last Confession and Communion what +should we do? +A. After telling the time of our last Confession and Communion we should +confess all the mortal sins we have since committed, and all the venial +sins we may wish to mention. + +227. Q. What must we do when the confessor asks us questions? +A. When the confessor asks us questions we must answer them truthfully +and clearly. + +228. Q. What should we do after telling our sins? +A. After telling our sins we should listen with attention to the advice +which the confessor may think proper to give. + +229. Q. How should we end our Confession? +A. We should end our Confession by saying, I also accuse myself of all +the sins of my past life, telling, if we choose, one or several of our +past sins. + +230. Q. What should we do while the priest is giving us absolution? +A. While the priest is giving us absolution we should from our heart +renew the Act of Contrition. + + + +LESSON TWENTY-FIRST +ON INDULGENCES + + +231. Q. What is an Indulgence? +A. An Indulgence is the remission in whole or in part of the temporal +punishment due to sin. + +232. Q. Is an Indulgence a pardon of sin, or a license to commit sin? +A. An Indulgence is not a pardon of sin, nor a license to commit sin, +and one who is in a state of mortal sin cannot gain an Indulgence. + +233. Q. How many kinds of Indulgences are there? +A. There are two kinds of Indulgences--Plenary and Partial. + +234. Q. What is a Plenary Indulgence? +A. A Plenary Indulgence is the full remission of the temporal punishment +due to sin. + +235. Q. What is a Partial Indulgence? +A. A Partial Indulgence is the remission of a part of the temporal +punishment due to sin. + +236. Q. How does the Church by means of Indulgences remit the temporal +punishment due to sin? +A. The Church by means of Indulgences remits the temporal punishment due +to sin by applying to us the merits of Jesus Christ, and the +superabundant satisfactions of the Blessed Virgin Mary and of the +saints; which merits and satisfactions are its spiritual treasury. + +237. Q. What must we do to gain an Indulgence? +A. To gain an Indulgence we must be in the state of grace and perform +the works enjoined. + + + +LESSON TWENTY-SECOND +ON THE HOLY EUCHARIST + + +238. Q. What is the Holy Eucharist? +A. The Holy Eucharist is the Sacrament which contains the body and +blood, soul and divinity, of our Lord Jesus Christ under the appearances +of bread and wine. + +239. Q. When did Christ institute the Holy Eucharist? +A. Christ instituted the Holy Eucharist at the Last Supper, the night +before He died. + +240. Q. Who were present when our Lord instituted the Holy Eucharist? +A. When our Lord instituted the Holy Eucharist the twelve Apostles were +present. + +241. Q. How did our Lord institute the Holy Eucharist? +A. Our Lord instituted the Holy Eucharist by taking bread, blessing, +breaking, and giving to His Apostles, saying: Take ye and eat. This is +My body; and then by taking the cup of wine, blessing and giving it, +saying to them: Drink ye all of this. This is My blood which shall be +shed for the remission of sins. Do this for a commemoration of Me. + +242. Q. What happened when our Lord said, This is My body; this is My +blood? +A. When our Lord said, This is My body, the substance of the bread was +changed into the substance of His body; when He said, This is My blood, +the substance of the wine was changed into the substance of His blood. + +243. Q. Is Jesus Christ whole and entire both under the form of bread +and under the form of wine? +A. Jesus Christ is whole and entire both under the form of bread and +under the form of wine. + +244. Q. Did anything remain of the bread and wine after their substance +had been changed into the substance of the body and blood of our Lord? +A. After the substance of the bread and wine had been changed into the +substance of the body and blood of our Lord there remained only the +appearances of bread and wine. + +245. Q. What do you mean by the appearances of bread and wine? +A. By the appearances of bread and wine I mean the figure, the color, +the taste, and whatever appears to the senses. + +246. Q. What is this change of the bread and wine into the body and +blood of our Lord called? +A. This change of the bread and wine into the body and blood of our Lord +is called Transubstantiation. + +247. Q. How was the substance of the bread and wine changed into the +substance of the body and blood of Christ? +A. The substance of the bread and wine was changed into the substance of +the body and blood of Christ by His almighty power. + +248. Q. Does this change of bread and wine into the body and blood of +Christ continue to be made in the Church? +A. This change of bread and wine into the body and blood of Christ +continues to be made in the Church by Jesus Christ through the ministry +of His priests. + +249. Q. When did Christ give His priests the power to change bread and +wine into His body and blood? +A. Christ gave His priests the power to change bread and wine into His +body and blood when He said to the Apostles, Do this in commemoration of +Me. + +250. Q. How do the priests exercise this power of changing bread and +wine into the body and blood of Christ? +A. The priests exercise this power of changing bread and wine into the +body and blood of Christ through the words of consecration in the Mass, +which are the words of Christ: This is My body; this is My blood. + + + +LESSON TWENTY-THIRD +ON THE ENDS FOR WHICH THE HOLY EUCHARIST WAS INSTITUTED + + +251. Q. Why did Christ institute the Holy Eucharist? +A. Christ instituted the Holy Eucharist-- + +1. To unite us to Himself and to nourish our soul with His divine life. +2. To increase sanctifying grace and all virtues in our soul. +3. To lessen our evil inclinations. +4. To be a pledge of everlasting life. +5. To fit our bodies for a glorious resurrection. +6. To continue the sacrifice of the Cross in His Church. + +252. Q. How are we united to Jesus Christ in the Holy Eucharist? +A. We are united to Jesus Christ in the Holy Eucharist by means of Holy +Communion. + +253. Q. What is Holy Communion? +A. Holy Communion is the receiving of the body and blood of Christ. + +254. Q. What is necessary to make a good Communion? +A. To make a good Communion it is necessary to be in the state of +sanctifying grace, to have a right intention, and to obey the laws of +fasting. (See Q. 257.) + +255. Q. Does he who receives Communion in mortal sin receive the body +and blood of Christ? +A. He who receives Communion in mortal sin receives the body and blood +of Christ, but does not receive His grace, and he commits a great +sacrilege. + +256. Q. Is it enough to be free from mortal sin to receive plentifully +the graces of Holy Communion? +A. To receive plentifully the graces of Holy Communion it is not enough +to be free from mortal sin, but we should be free from all affection to +venial sin, and should make acts of faith, hope, and love. + +257. Q. What is the fast necessary for Holy Communion? +A. The fast necessary for Holy Communion is to abstain from all food, +beverages, and alcoholic drinks for one hour before Holy Communion. +Water may be taken at any time. The sick may take food, non-alcoholic +drinks, and any medicine up to Communion time. + +[This answer has been changed in the 1977 printing to bring it up to +date with the current rules.] + +258. Q. Is any one ever allowed to receive Holy Communion when not +fasting? +A. Any one in danger of death is allowed to receive Holy Communion when +not fasting or when it is necessary to save the Blessed Sacrament from +insult or injury. + +259. Q. When are we bound to receive Holy Communion? +A. We are bound to receive Holy Communion, under pain of mortal sin, +during the Easter time and when in danger of death. + +260. Q. Is it well to receive Holy Communion often? +A. It is well to receive Holy Communion often, as nothing is a greater +aid to a holy life than often to receive the Author of all grace and the +Source of all good. + +261. Q. What should we do after Holy Communion? +A. After Holy Communion we should spend some time in adoring our Lord, +in thanking Him for the grace we have received, and in asking Him for +the blessings we need. + + + +LESSON TWENTY-FOURTH +ON THE SACRIFICE OF THE MASS + + +262. Q. When and where are the bread and wine changed into the body and +blood of Christ? +A. The bread and wine are changed into the body and blood of Christ at +the Consecration in the Mass. + +263. Q. What is the Mass? +A. The Mass is the unbloody sacrifice of the body and blood of Christ. + +264. Q. What is a sacrifice? +A. A sacrifice is the offering of an object by a priest to God alone, +and the consuming of it to acknowledge that He is the Creator and Lord +of all things. + +265. Q. Is the Mass the same sacrifice as that of the Cross? +A. The Mass is the same sacrifice as that of the Cross. + +266. Q. How is the Mass the same sacrifice as that of the Cross? +A. The Mass is the same sacrifice as that of the Cross because the +offering and the priest are the same--Christ our Blessed Lord; and the +ends for which the sacrifice of the Mass is offered are the same as +those of the sacrifice of the Cross. + +267. Q. What were the ends for which the sacrifice of the Cross was +offered? +A. The ends for which the sacrifice of the Cross was offered were: 1st, +To honor and glorify God; 2d, To thank Him for all the graces bestowed +on the whole world; 3d, To satisfy God's justice for the sins of men; +4th, To obtain all graces and blessings. + +268. Q. Is there any difference between the sacrifice of the Cross and +the sacrifice of the Mass? +A. Yes; the manner in which the sacrifice is offered is different. On +the Cross Christ really shed His blood and was really slain; in the Mass +there is no real shedding of blood nor real death, because Christ can +die no more; but the sacrifice of the Mass, through the separate +consecration of the bread and the wine, represents His death on the +Cross. + +269. Q. How should we assist at Mass? +A. We should assist at Mass with great interior recollection and piety +and with every outward mark of respect and devotion. + +270. Q. Which is the best manner of hearing Mass? +A. The best manner of hearing Mass is to offer it to God with the priest +for the same purpose for which it is said, to meditate on Christ's +sufferings and death, and to go to Holy Communion. + + + +LESSON TWENTY-FIFTH +ON EXTREME UNCTION AND HOLY ORDERS + + +271. Q. What is the Sacrament of Extreme Unction? +A. Extreme Unction is the Sacrament which, through the anointing and +prayer of the priest, gives health and strength to the soul, and +sometimes to the body, when we are in danger of death from sickness. + +272. Q. When should we receive Extreme Unction? +A. We should receive Extreme Unction when we are in danger of death from +sickness, or from a wound or accident. + +273. Q. Should we wait until we are in extreme danger before we receive +Extreme Unction? +A. We should not wait until we are in extreme danger before we receive +Extreme Unction, but if possible we should receive it whilst we have the +use of our senses. + +274. Q. Which are the effects of the Sacrament of Extreme Unction? +A. The effects of Extreme Unction are: 1st, To comfort us in the pains +of sickness and to strengthen us against temptation; 2d, To remit venial +sins and to cleanse our soul from the remains of sin; 3d, To restore us +to health, when God sees fit. + +275. Q. What do you mean by the remains of sin? +A. By the remains of sin I mean the inclination to evil and the weakness +of the will which are the result of our sins, and which remain after our +sins have been forgiven. + +276. Q. How should we receive the Sacrament of Extreme Unction? +A. We should receive the Sacrament of Extreme Unction in the state of +grace, and with lively faith and resignation to the will of God. + +277. Q. Who is the minister of the Sacrament of Extreme Unction? +A. The priest is the minister of the Sacrament of Extreme Unction. + +278. Q. What is the Sacrament of Holy Orders? +A. Holy Orders is a Sacrament by which bishops, priests, and other +ministers of the Church are ordained and receive the power and grace to +perform their sacred duties. + +279. Q. What is necessary to receive Holy Orders worthily? +A. To receive Holy Orders worthily it is necessary to be in the state of +grace, to have the necessary knowledge and a divine call to this sacred +office. + +280. Q. How should Christians look upon the priests of the Church? +A. Christians should look upon the priests of the Church as the +messengers of God and the dispensers of His mysteries. + +281. Q. Who can confer the Sacrament of Holy Orders? +A. Bishops can confer the Sacrament of Holy Orders. + + + +LESSON TWENTY-SIXTH +ON MATRIMONY + + +282. Q. What is the Sacrament of Matrimony? +A. The Sacrament of Matrimony is the Sacrament which unites a Christian +man and woman in lawful marriage. + +283. Q. Can a Christian man and woman be united in lawful marriage in +any other way than by the Sacrament of Matrimony? +A. A Christian man and woman cannot be united in lawful marriage in any +other way than by the Sacrament of Matrimony, because Christ raised +marriage to the dignity of a Sacrament. + +284. Q. Can the bond of Christian marriage be dissolved by any human +power? +A. The bond of Christian marriage cannot be dissolved by any human +power. + +285. Q. Which are the effects of the Sacrament of Matrimony? +A. The effects of the Sacrament of Matrimony are: 1st, To sanctify the +love of husband and wife; 2d, To give them grace to bear with each +other's weaknesses; 3d, To enable them to bring up their children in the +fear and love of God. + +286. Q. To receive the Sacrament of matrimony worthily is it necessary +to be in the state of grace? +A. To receive the Sacrament of Matrimony worthily it is necessary to be +in the state of grace, and it is necessary also to comply with the laws +of the Church. + +287. Q. Who has the right to make laws concerning the Sacrament of +marriage? +A. The Church alone has the right to make laws concerning the Sacrament +of marriage, though the state also has the right to make laws concerning +the civil effects of the marriage contract. + +288. Q. Does the Church forbid the marriage of Catholics with persons +who have a different religion or no religion at all? +A. The Church does forbid the marriage of Catholics with persons who +have a different religion or no religion at all. + +289. Q. Why does the Church forbid the marriage of Catholics with +persons who have a different religion or no religion at all? +A. The Church forbids the marriage of Catholics with persons who have a +different religion or no religion at all, because such marriages +generally lead to indifference, loss of faith, and to the neglect of the +religious education of the children. + +290. Q. Why do many marriages prove unhappy? +A. Many marriages prove unhappy because they are entered into hastily +and without worthy motives. + +291. Q. How should Christians prepare for a holy and happy marriage? +A. Christians should prepare for a holy and happy marriage by receiving +the Sacraments of Penance and Holy Eucharist; by begging God to grant +them a pure intention and to direct their choice; and by seeking the +advice of their parents and the blessing of their pastors. + + + +LESSON TWENTY-SEVENTH +ON THE SACRAMENTALS + + +292. Q. What is a sacramental? +A. A sacramental is anything set apart or blessed by the Church to +excite good thoughts and to increase devotion, and through these +movements of the heart to remit venial sin. + +293. Q. What is the difference between the Sacraments and the +sacramentals? +A. The difference between the Sacraments and the sacramentals is: 1st, +The Sacraments were instituted by Jesus Christ and the sacramentals were +instituted by the Church; 2d, The Sacraments give grace of themselves +when we place no obstacle in the way; the sacramentals excite in us +pious dispositions, by means of which we may obtain grace. + +294. Q. Which is the chief sacramental used in the Church? +A. The chief sacramental used in the Church is the sign of the Cross. + +295. Q. How do we make the sign of the Cross? +A. We make the sign of the Cross by putting the right hand to the +forehead, then on the breast, and then to the left and right shoulders, +saying, In the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy +Ghost. Amen. + +296. Q. Why do we make the sign of the Cross? +A. We make the sign of the Cross to show that we are Christians and to +profess our belief in the chief mysteries of our religion. + +297. Q. How is the sign of the Cross a profession of faith in the chief +mysteries of our religion? +A. The sign of the Cross is a profession of faith in the chief mysteries +of our religion because it expresses the mysteries of the Unity and +Trinity of God and of the Incarnation and death of our Lord. + +298. Q. How does the sign of the Cross express the mystery of the Unity +and Trinity of God? +A. The words, In the name, express the Unity of God; the words that +follow, of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost, express +the mystery of the Trinity. + +299. Q. How does the sign of the Cross express the mystery of the +Incarnation and death of our Lord? +A. The sign of the Cross expresses the mystery of the Incarnation by +reminding us that the Son of God, having become man, suffered death on +the cross. + +300. Q. What other sacramental is in very frequent use? +A. Another sacramental in very frequent use is holy water. + +301. Q. What is holy water? +A. Holy water is water blessed by the priest with solemn prayer to beg +God's blessing on those who use it, and protection from the powers of +darkness. + +302. Q. Are there other sacramentals besides the sign of the Cross and +holy water? +A. Besides the sign of the Cross and holy water there are many other +sacramentals, such as blessed candles, ashes, palms, crucifixes, images +of the Blessed Virgin and of the saints, rosaries, and scapulars. + + + +LESSON TWENTY-EIGHTH +ON PRAYER + + +303. Q. Is there any other means of obtaining God's grace than the +Sacraments? +A. There is another means of obtaining God's grace, and it is prayer. + +304. Q. What is prayer? +A. Prayer is the lifting up of our minds and hearts to God to adore Him, +to thank Him for His benefits, to ask His forgiveness, and to beg of Him +all the graces we need whether for soul or body. + +305. Q. Is prayer necessary to salvation? +A. Prayer is necessary to salvation, and without it no one having the +use of reason can be saved. + +306. Q. At what particular times should we pray? +A. We should pray particularly on Sundays and holydays, every morning +and night, in all dangers, temptations, and afflictions. + +307. Q. How should we pray? +A. We should pray: 1st, With attention; 2d, With a sense of our own +helplessness and dependence upon God; 3d, With a great desire for the +graces we beg of God; 4th, With trust in God's goodness; 5th, With +perseverance. + +308. Q. Which are the prayers most recommended to us? +A. The prayers most recommended to us are the Lord's Prayer, the Hail +Mary, the Apostles' Creed, the Confiteor, and the Acts of Faith, Hope, +Love, and Contrition. + +309. Q. Are prayers said with distractions of any avail? +A. Prayers said with wilful distractions are of no avail. + + + +LESSON TWENTY-NINTH +ON THE COMMANDMENTS OF GOD + + +310. Q. Is it enough to belong to God's Church in order to be saved? +A. It is not enough to belong to the Church in order to be saved, but we +must also keep the Commandments of God and of the Church. + +311. Q. Which are the Commandments that contain the whole law of God? +A. The Commandments which contain the whole law of God are these two: +1st, Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with thy whole heart, with thy +whole soul, with thy whole strength, and with thy whole mind; 2d, Thou +shalt love thy neighbor as thyself. + +312. Q. Why do these two Commandments of the love of God and of our +neighbor contain the whole law of God? +A. These two Commandments of the love of God and of our neighbor contain +the whole law of God because all the other Commandments are given either +to help us to keep these two, or to direct us how to shun what is +opposed to them. + +313. Q. Which are the Commandments of God? +A. The Commandments of God are these ten. + + 1. I am the Lord thy God, who brought thee out of the land of Egypt, + out of the house of bondage. Thou shalt not have strange gods before + Me. Thou shalt not make to thyself a graven thing, nor the likeness + of anything that is in heaven above, or in the earth beneath, nor of + those things that are in the waters under the earth. Thou shalt not + adore them, nor serve them. + 2. Thou shalt not take the name of the Lord thy God in vain. + 3. Remember thou keep holy the Sabbath day. + 4. Honor thy father and thy mother. + 5. Thou shalt not kill. + 6. Thou shalt not commit adultery. + 7. Thou shalt not steal. + 8. Thou shalt not bear false witness against thy neighbor. + 9. Thou shalt not covet thy neighbor's wife. +10. Thou shalt not covet thy neighbor's goods. + +314. Q. Who gave the Ten Commandments? +A. God Himself gave the Ten Commandments to Moses on Mount Sinai, and +Christ our Lord confirmed them. + + + +LESSON THIRTIETH +ON THE FIRST COMMANDMENT + + +315. Q. What is the first Commandment? +A. The first Commandment is: I am the Lord thy God: thou shalt not have +strange gods before Me. + +316. Q. How does the first Commandment help us to keep the great +Commandment of the love of God? +A. The first Commandment helps us to keep the great Commandment of the +love of God because it commands us to adore God alone. + +317. Q. How do we adore God? +A. We adore God by faith, hope, and charity, by prayer and sacrifice. + +318. Q. How may the first Commandment be broken? +A. The first Commandment may be broken by giving to a creature the honor +which belongs to God alone; by false worship; and by attributing to a +creature a perfection which belongs to God alone. + +319. Q. Do those who make use of spells and charms, or who believe in +dreams, in mediums, spiritists, fortune-tellers, and the like, sin +against the first Commandment? +A. Those who make use of spells and charms, or who believe in dreams, in +mediums, spiritists, fortunetellers and the like, sin against the first +Commandment, because they attribute to creatures perfections which +belong to God alone. + +320. Q. Are sins against faith, hope and charity also sins against the +first Commandment? +A. Sins against faith, hope, and charity are also sins against the first +Commandment. + +321. Q. How does a person sin against faith? +A. A person sins against faith: 1st, by not trying to know what God has +taught; 2d, by refusing to believe all that God has taught; 3d, by +neglecting to profess his belief in what God has taught. + +322. Q. How do we fail to try to know what God has taught? +A. We fail to try to know what God has taught by neglecting to learn the +Christian doctrine. + +323. Q. Who are they who do not believe all that God has taught? +A. They who do not believe all that God has taught are the heretics and +infidels. + +324. Q. Who are they who neglect to profess their belief in what God has +taught? +A. They who neglect to profess their belief in what God has taught are +all those who fail to acknowledge the true Church in which they really +believe. + +325. Q. Can they who fail to profess their faith in the true Church in +which they believe expect to be saved while in that state? +A. They who fail to profess their faith in the true Church in which they +believe cannot expect to be saved while in that state, for Christ has +said: "Whoever shall deny Me before men, I will also deny him before My +Father who is in heaven." + +326. Q. Are we obliged to make open profession of our faith? +A. We are obliged to make open profession of our faith as often as God's +honor, our neighbor's spiritual good, or our own requires it. +"Whosoever," says Christ, "shall confess Me before men, I will also +confess him before My Father who is in heaven." + +327. Q. Which are the sins against hope? +A. The sins against hope are presumption and despair. + +328. Q. What is presumption? +A. Presumption is a rash expectation of salvation without making proper +use of the necessary means to obtain it. + +329. Q. What is despair? +A. Despair is the loss of hope in God's mercy. + +330. Q. How do we sin against the love of God? +A. We sin against the love of God by all sin, but particularly by mortal +sin. + + + +LESSON THIRTY-FIRST +THE FIRST COMMANDMENT--ON THE HONOR AND INVOCATION OF SAINTS + + +331. Q. Does the first Commandment forbid the honoring of the saints? +A. The first Commandment does not forbid the honoring of the saints, but +rather approves of it; because by honoring the saints, who are the +chosen friends of God, we honor God Himself. + +332. Q. Does the first Commandment forbid us to pray to the saints? +A. The first Commandment does not forbid us to pray to the saints. + +333. Q. What do we mean by praying to the saints? +A. By praying to the saints we mean the asking of their help and +prayers. + +334. Q. How do we know that the saints hear us? +A. We know that the saints hear us, because they are with God, who makes +our prayers known to them. + +335. Q. Why do we believe that the saints will help us? +A. We believe that the saints will help us because both they and we are +members of the same Church, and they love us as their brethren. + +336. Q. How are the saints and we members of the same Church? +A. The saints and we are members of the same Church, because the Church +in heaven and the Church on earth are one and the same Church, and all +its members are in communion with one another. + +337. Q. What is the communion of the members of the Church called? +A. The communion of the members of the Church is called the communion of +saints. + +338. Q. What does the communion of saints mean? +A. The communion of saints means the union which exists between the +members of the Church on earth with one another, and with the blessed in +heaven and with the suffering souls in purgatory. + +339. Q. What benefits are derived from the communion of saints? +A. The following benefits are derived from the communion of saints:--the +faithful on earth assist one another by their prayers and good works, +and they are aided by the intercession of the saints in heaven, while +both the saints in heaven and the faithful on earth help the souls in +purgatory. + +340. Q. Does the first Commandment forbid us to honor relics? +A. The first Commandment does not forbid us to honor relics, because +relics are the bodies of the saints, or objects directly connected with +them or with our Lord. + +341. Q. Does the first Commandment forbid the making of images? +A. The first Commandment does forbid the making of images if they are +made to be adored as gods, but it does not forbid the making of them to +put us in mind of Jesus Christ, His Blessed Mother, and the saints. + +342. Q. Is it right to show respect to the pictures and images of Christ +and His saints? +A. It is right to show respect to the pictures and images of Christ and +His saints, because they are the representations and memorials of them. + +343. Q. Is it allowed to pray to the crucifix or to the images and +relics of the saints? +A. It is not allowed to pray to the crucifix or images and relics of the +saints, for they have no life, nor power to help us, nor sense to hear +us. + +344. Q. Why do we pray before the crucifix and the images and relics of +the saints? +A. We pray before the crucifix and images and relics of the saints +because they enliven our devotion by exciting pious affections and +desires, and by reminding us of Christ and of the saints, that we may +imitate their virtues. + + + +LESSON THIRTY-SECOND +FROM THE SECOND TO THE FOURTH COMMANDMENT + + +345. Q. What is the second Commandment? +A. The second Commandment is: Thou shalt not take the name of the Lord +thy God in vain. + +346. Q. What are we commanded by the second Commandment? +A. We are commanded by the second Commandment to speak with reverence of +God and of the saints, and of all holy things, and to keep our lawful +oaths and vows. + +347. Q. What is an oath? +A. An oath is the calling upon God to witness the truth of what we say. + +348. Q. When may we take an oath? +A. We may take an oath when it is ordered by lawful authority or +required for God's honor or for our own or our neighbor's good. + +349. Q. What is necessary to make an oath lawful? +A. To make an oath lawful it is necessary that what we swear to, be +true, and that there be a sufficient cause for taking an oath. + +350. Q. What is a vow? +A. A vow is a deliberate promise made to God to do something that is +pleasing to Him. + +351. Q. Is it a sin not to fulfill our vows? +A. Not to fulfill our vows is a sin, mortal or venial, according to the +nature of the vow and the intention we had in making it. + +352. Q. What is forbidden by the second Commandment? +A. The second Commandment forbids all false, rash, unjust, and +unnecessary oaths, blasphemy, cursing, and profane words. + +353. Q. What is the third Commandment? +A. The third Commandment is: Remember thou keep holy the Sabbath day. + +354. Q. What are we commanded by the third Commandment? +A. By the third Commandment we are commanded to keep holy the Lord's day +and the holydays of obligation, on which we are to give our time to the +service and worship of God. + +355. Q. How are we to worship God on Sundays and holydays of obligation? +A. We are to worship God on Sundays and holydays of obligation by +hearing Mass, by prayer, and by other good works. + +356. Q. Are the Sabbath day and the Sunday the same? +A. The Sabbath day and the Sunday are not the same. The Sabbath is the +seventh day of the week, and is the day which was kept holy in the Old +Law; the Sunday is the first day of the week, and is the day which is +kept holy in the New Law. + +357. Q. Why does the Church command us to keep the Sunday holy instead +of the Sabbath? +A. The Church commands us to keep the Sunday holy instead of the Sabbath +because on Sunday Christ rose from the dead, and on Sunday He sent the +Holy Ghost upon the Apostles. + +358. Q. What is forbidden by the third Commandment? +A. The third Commandment forbids all unnecessary servile work and +whatever else may hinder the due observance of the Lord's day. + +359. Q. What are servile works? +A. Servile works are those which require labor rather of body than of +mind. + +360. Q. Are servile works on Sunday ever lawful? +A. Servile works are lawful on Sunday when the honor of God, the good of +our neighbor, or necessity requires them. + + + +LESSON THIRTY-THIRD +FROM THE FOURTH TO THE SEVENTH COMMANDMENT + + +361. Q. What is the fourth Commandment? +A. The fourth Commandment is: Honor thy father and thy mother. + +362. Q. What are we commanded by the fourth Commandment? +A. We are commanded by the fourth Commandment to honor, love, and obey +our parents in all that is not sin. + +363. Q. Are we bound to honor and obey others than our parents? +A. We are also bound to honor and obey our bishops, pastors, +magistrates, teachers, and other lawful superiors. + +364. Q. Have parents and superiors any duties towards those who are +under their charge? +A. It is the duty of parents and superiors to take good care of all +under their charge and give them proper direction and example. + +365. Q. What is forbidden by the fourth Commandment? +A. The fourth Commandment forbids all disobedience, contempt, and +stubbornness towards our parents or lawful superiors. + +366. Q. What is the fifth Commandment? +A. The fifth Commandment is: Thou shalt not kill. + +367. Q. What are we commanded by the fifth Commandment? +A. We are commanded by the fifth Commandment to live in peace and union +with our neighbor, to respect his rights, to seek his spiritual and +bodily welfare, and to take proper care of our own life and health. + +368. Q. What is forbidden by the fifth Commandment? +A. The fifth Commandment forbids all wilful murder, fighting, anger, +hatred, revenge, and bad example. + +369. Q. What is the sixth Commandment? +A. The sixth Commandment is: Thou shalt not commit adultery. + +370. Q. What are we commanded by the sixth Commandment? +A. We are commanded by the sixth Commandment to be pure in thought and +modest in all our looks, words, and actions. + +371. Q. What is forbidden by the sixth Commandment? +A. The sixth commandment forbids all unchaste freedom with another's +wife or husband; also all immodesty with ourselves or others in looks, +dress, words, or actions. + +372. Q. Does the sixth Commandment forbid the reading of bad and +immodest books and newspapers? +A. The sixth Commandment does forbid the reading of bad and immodest +books and newspapers. + + + +LESSON THIRTY-FOURTH +FROM THE SEVENTH TO THE END OF THE TENTH COMMANDMENT + + +373. Q. What is the seventh Commandment? +A. The seventh Commandment is: Thou shalt not steal. + +374. Q. What are we commanded by the seventh Commandment? +A. By the seventh Commandment we are commanded to give to all men what +belongs to them and to respect their property. + +375. Q. What is forbidden by the seventh Commandment? +A. The seventh Commandment forbids all unjust taking or keeping what +belongs to another. + +376. Q. Are we bound to restore ill-gotten goods? +A. We are bound to restore ill-gotten goods, or the value of them, as +far as we are able; otherwise we cannot be forgiven. + +377. Q. Are we obliged to repair the damage we have unjustly caused? +A. We are bound to repair the damage we have unjustly caused. + +378. Q. What is the eighth Commandment? +A. The eighth Commandment is: Thou shalt not bear false witness against +thy neighbor. + +379. Q. What are we commanded by the eighth Commandment? +A. We are commanded by the eighth Commandment to speak the truth in all +things and to be careful of the honor and reputation of every one. + +380. Q. What is forbidden by the eighth Commandment? +A. The eighth Commandment forbids all rash judgments, backbiting, +slanders, and lies. + +381. Q. What must they do who have lied about their neighbor and +seriously injured his character? +A. They who have lied about their neighbor and seriously injured his +character must repair the injury done as far as they are able, otherwise +they will not be forgiven. + +382. Q. What is the ninth Commandment? +A. The ninth Commandment is: Thou shalt not covet thy neighbor's wife. + +383. Q. What are we commanded by the ninth Commandment? +A. We are commanded by the ninth Commandment to keep ourselves pure in +thought and desire. + +384. Q. What is forbidden by the ninth Commandment? +A. The ninth Commandment forbids unchaste thoughts, desires of another's +wife or husband, and all other unlawful impure thoughts and desires. + +385. Q. Are impure thoughts and desires always sins? +A. Impure thoughts and desires are always sins, unless they displease us +and we try to banish them. + +386. Q. What is the tenth Commandment? +A. The tenth Commandment is: Thou shalt not covet thy neighbor's goods. + +387. Q. What are we commanded by the tenth Commandment? +A. By the tenth Commandment we are commanded to be content with what we +have, and to rejoice in our neighbor's welfare. + +388. Q. What is forbidden by the tenth Commandment? +A. The tenth Commandment forbids all desires to take or keep wrongfully +what belongs to another. + + + +LESSON THIRTY-FIFTH +ON THE FIRST AND SECOND COMMANDMENTS OF THE CHURCH + + +389. Q. Which are the chief commandments of the Church? +A. The chief commandments of the Church are six: + +1. To hear Mass on Sundays and holydays of obligation. +2. To fast and abstain on the days appointed. +3. To confess at least once a year. +4. To receive the Holy Eucharist during the Easter time. +5. To contribute to the support of our pastors. +6. Not to marry persons who are not Catholics, or who are related to us + within the third degree of kindred, nor privately without witnesses, + nor to solemnize marriage at forbidden times. + +390. Q. Is it a mortal sin not to hear Mass on a Sunday or a holyday of +obligation? +A. It is a mortal sin not to hear Mass on a Sunday or a holyday of +obligation, unless we are excused for a serious reason. They also commit +a mortal sin who, having others under their charge, hinder them from +hearing Mass, without a sufficient reason. + +391. Q. Why were holydays instituted by the Church? +A. Holydays were instituted by the Church to recall to our minds the +great mysteries of religion and the virtues and rewards of the saints. + +392. Q. How should we keep the holydays of obligation? +A. We should keep the holydays of obligation as we should keep the +Sunday. + +393. Q. What do you mean by fast-days? +A. By fast-days I mean days on which we are allowed but one full meal. + +394. Q. What do you mean by days of abstinence? +A. By days of abstinence I mean days on which we are forbidden to eat +flesh-meat, but are allowed the usual number of meals. + +395. Q. Why does the Church command us to fast and abstain? +A. The Church commands us to fast and abstain, in order that we may +mortify our passions and satisfy for our sins. + +396. Q. Why does the Church command us to abstain from flesh-meat on +Fridays? +A. The Church commands us to abstain from flesh-meat on Fridays, in +honor of the day on which our Saviour died. + + + +LESSON THIRTY-SIXTH +ON THE THIRD, FOURTH, FIFTH AND SIXTH COMMANDMENTS OF THE CHURCH + + +397. Q. What is meant by the command of confessing at least once a year? +A. By the command of confessing at least once a year is meant that we +are obliged, under pain of mortal sin, to go to confession within the +year. + +398. Q. Should we confess only once a year? +A. We should confess frequently, if we wish to lead a good life. + +399. Q. Should children go to Confession? +A. Children should go to Confession when they are old enough to commit +sin, which is commonly about the age of seven years. + +400. Q. What sin does he commit who neglects to receive Communion during +the Easter time? +A. He who neglects to receive Communion during the Easter time commits a +mortal sin. + +401. Q. What is the Easter time? +A. The Easter time is, in this country, the time between the first +Sunday of Lent and Trinity Sunday. + +402. Q. Are we obliged to contribute to the support of our pastors? +A. We are obliged to contribute to the support of our pastors, and to +bear our share in the expenses of the church and school. + +403. Q. What is the meaning of the commandment not to marry within the +third degree of kindred? +A. The meaning of the commandment not to marry within the third degree +of kindred is that no one is allowed to marry another within the third +degree of blood relationship. + +404. Q. What is the meaning of the command not to marry privately? +A. The command not to marry privately means that none should marry +without the blessing of God's priests or without witnesses. + +405. Q. What is the meaning of the precept not to solemnize marriage at +forbidden times? +A. The meaning of the precept not to solemnize marriage at forbidden +times is that during Lent and Advent the marriage ceremony should not be +performed with pomp or a nuptial Mass. + +406. Q. What is the nuptial Mass? +A. A nuptial Mass is a Mass appointed by the Church to invoke a special +blessing upon the married couple. + +407. Q. Should Catholics be married at a nuptial Mass? +A. Catholics should be married at a nuptial Mass, because they thereby +show greater reverence for the holy Sacrament and bring richer blessings +upon their wedded life. + + + +LESSON THIRTY-SEVENTH +ON THE LAST JUDGMENT AND THE RESURRECTION, HELL, PURGATORY, AND HEAVEN + + +408. Q. When will Christ judge us? +A. Christ will judge us immediately after our death, and on the last +day. + +409. Q. What is the judgment called which we have to undergo immediately +after death? +A. The judgment we have to undergo immediately after death is called the +Particular Judgment. + +410. Q. What is the judgment called which all men have to undergo on the +last day? +A. The judgment which all men have to undergo on the last day is called +the General Judgment. + +411. Q. Why does Christ judge men immediately after death? +A. Christ judges men immediately after death to reward or punish them +according to their deeds. + +412. Q. What are the rewards or punishments appointed for men's souls +after the Particular Judgment? +A. The rewards or punishments appointed for men's souls after the +Particular Judgment are Heaven, Purgatory, and Hell. + +413. Q. What is Hell? +A. Hell is a state to which the wicked are condemned, and in which they +are deprived of the sight of God for all eternity, and are in dreadful +torments. + +414. Q. What is Purgatory? +A. Purgatory is a state in which those suffer for a time who die guilty +of venial sins, or without having satisfied for the punishment due to +their sins. + +415. Q. Can the faithful on earth help the souls in Purgatory? +A. The faithful on earth can help the souls in Purgatory by their +prayers, fasts, alms-deeds; by indulgences, and by having Masses said +for them. + +416. Q. If every one is judged immediately after death, what need is +there of a General Judgment? +A. There is need of a General Judgment, though every one is judged +immediately after death, that the providence of God, which, on earth, +often permits the good to suffer and the wicked to prosper, may in the +end appear just before all men. + +417. Q. Will our bodies share in the reward or punishment of our souls? +A. Our bodies will share in the reward or punishment of our souls, +because through the resurrection they will again be united to them. + +418. Q. In what state will the bodies of the just rise? +A. The bodies of the just will rise glorious and immortal. + +419. Q. Will the bodies of the damned also rise? +A. The bodies of the damned will also rise, but they will be condemned +to eternal punishment. + +420. Q. What is Heaven? +A. Heaven is the state of everlasting life in which we see God face to +face, are made like unto Him in glory, and enjoy eternal happiness. + +421. Q. What words should we bear always in mind? +A. We should bear always in mind these words of our Lord and Saviour +Jesus Christ: "What doth it profit a man if he gain the whole world and +suffer the loss of his own soul, or what exchange shall a man give for +his soul? For the Son of man shall come in the glory of His Father with +His angels; and then will He render to every man according to his +works." + + + + +MORNING PRAYERS + + +As soon as you awake, think of God. Make the Sign of the Cross and say: + ++ In the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost. +Amen. + +Then dress quickly and kneel down. Now say the Our Father, the Hail +Mary, the Apostles' Creed, the Confiteor and the Acts of Faith, Hope, +Love and Contrition which you have probably memorized. If you do not +know them by heart you will find them on pages 2-4. + +Then if you have time also say the following prayers: + +TO THE BLESSED VIRGIN. +My Lady, and my Mother, remember I am thine; protect and defend me as +thy property and possession. + +TO SAINT JOSEPH. +Saint Joseph, model and patron of those who love the Sacred Heart of +Jesus, pray for us. + +TO THE GUARDIAN ANGEL. +Angel of God, my guardian dear, +To whom His love commits me here, +Ever this day be at my side, +To light and guard, to rule and guide. Amen. + +God bless Papa and Mamma. God bless Brothers and Sisters, and all my +friends. God bless me, and make me a good child. + +FOR THE FAITHFUL DEPARTED. +Eternal rest give unto them, O Lord. And let perpetual light shine upon +them. May they rest in peace. Amen. + +Glory be to the Father, and to the Son, and to the Holy Ghost. As it was +in the beginning, is now, and ever shall be, world without end. Amen. + +Make the Sign of the Cross. + + + +EVENING PRAYERS + + +Never go to bed without thanking God for all the benefits you have +received during the day and during your whole life. Kneel down. Make the +Sign of the Cross. Then say the Our Father, Hail Mary, the Apostles' +Creed, the Confiteor, and Glory be. + +Now think how you have acted during the day. Are there any big sins on +your soul? Any little sins? Try to tell Jesus how sorry you are for all +your sins, and say the Act of Contrition (page 4). + +Jesus, Mary, Joseph, I give you my heart and my soul. +Jesus, Mary, Joseph, assist me in my last agony. +Jesus, Mary, Joseph, may I breathe forth my soul in peace with you. +O my God, bless my father, mother, and all my relatives and friends. +May the souls of the faithful departed, through the mercy of God, rest +in peace. Amen. + +Bless yourself with holy water. + ++ In the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost. +Amen. + + + +PRAYERS FOR MASS + + +[The Mass prayers are an arrangement of those contained in Father Finn's +"Prayer Book for Catholic Youth" (also known as Father Finn's Boys' and +Girls' Prayer Book). They follow closely in simplified language the +spirit and liturgy of the "Ordinary of the Mass," so that children will +become readily accustomed to using the Church's own prayers and follow +the priest at the altar. The rubrics when to sit, stand or kneel at Low +Mass are given. + +If it is found desirable to have the children recite prayers aloud and +in unison at Mass, certain parts suitable for this purpose are marked +with an asterisk (*).] + + +Remember that the church is the house of God, where the living God +dwells. And where God is, His holy angels too are present. In church, +therefore, be reverent and modest in your behavior, and always be in +time. When you enter, bless yourself with holy water and go quietly to +your seat, genuflect on your right knee and enter the pew. + + +PRAYER BEFORE MASS + +O my God, I am only a child; help me to be attentive, and to pray with +all my heart during this holy Mass. + +The priest comes out to begin Mass. + +Stand + +The priest carries in his hands the chalice, covered with a cloth. The +priest goes up to the middle of the altar, and sets down the chalice. +Then he goes to the right side and opens the book. + +After that he comes down to the foot of the altar, and makes the Sign of +the Cross. + + +THE MASS OF THE CATECHUMENS +(From the Beginning to the Offertory) + +Kneel + +*In the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost. Amen. +*I will go in to the altar of God, to God Who gives joy to my youth. +*Judge me, O God. Keep me safe from all evil. +Glory be to the Father, and to the Son and to the Holy Ghost. +As it was in the beginning, is now and ever shall be, world without end. +Amen. +I will go in to the altar of God. +To God Who gives joy to my youth. + +Here the priest makes the Sign of the Cross. + +Our help is in the name of the Lord. +Who made heaven and earth. + +The priest, bowing down, says the Confiteor. Then the altar-boys bow and +say it after him. Read it as on p. 2. + +The priest goes up to the altar and says: + +O Lord, we beg You, by the goodness of Your saints whose relics are +here, and of all Your saints, to forgive us all our sins. + + +THE INTROIT AND KYRIE ELEISON + +The priest goes to the right side of the altar and reads from the book. +Then going back to the middle of the altar he says the Kyrie Eleison. + + +THE GLORIA + +Glory be to God on high, and on earth peace to men of good will. We +praise You. We bless You. We glorify You. We give You thanks for Your +great glory, O Lord God, heavenly King, God the Father almighty. O Lord +God, Son of the Father, Who take away the sins of the world, have mercy +on us. You only, O Jesus Christ, with the Holy Ghost, are most high in +the Glory of God the Father. Amen. + +The priest turns to the people and says: + +The Lord be with you. +And with your spirit. + + +THE COLLECT + +The priest goes to the right side of the altar and reads from the book. + +*Let us pray: Let Your grace and pity guide our hearts, we beg You, O +Lord. For without You we cannot please You. Through Our Lord, Jesus +Christ, Your Son, Who lives and reigns with You in the unity of the Holy +Ghost, world without end. Amen. + + +THE EPISTLE + +The Epistle is a letter. Most of these letters were written by Saint +Paul. The priest now reads one of these. You may read the following: + +Dear children: Be happy, be good, be brave; agree with one another, and +be at peace. The grace of Our Lord Jesus Christ, God's love, and the +wisdom of the Holy Ghost be with you all. Amen. + +Thanks be to God. + +The altar-boy carries the book to the left side of the altar. The priest +bows at the middle of the altar and says a prayer. + + +THE GOSPEL + +The priest goes to the left and reads from the book. + +Stand + +While Jesus was speaking to the people, mothers brought their children +to Him, that He might bless them. The disciples told them not to bother +Jesus. But Jesus said, "Suffer the little children to come to Me and +forbid them not. For of such is the kingdom of heaven." And Jesus +blessed the children. + +Praise be to You, O Christ. + +Sit + +The priest now turns back to the middle of the altar and says the Creed. +You also say it (see page 2). + + +THE MASS OF THE FAITHFUL +(From the Offertory to the Communion) + + +THE OFFERING OF THE HOST + +The priest takes the cloth off the chalice. Then he holds up a small +gold plate on which is the bread, called the host. + +*Take, O holy Father, almighty and eternal God, this spotless host which +I, Your unworthy servant, offer to You for my many sins and for all who +serve You, living and dead. May it help them and me to gain eternal +life. + +The priest goes to the right side of the altar. He pours wine and water +into the chalice. Then the priest goes back to the middle of the altar +and raises the chalice. + + +THE OFFERING OF THE CHALICE + +*We offer You, O Lord, this chalice. May it help us and all the world to +gain eternal life. Amen. + +The priest goes to the right side of the altar to wash his hands. + +Returning to the middle of the altar, the priest bows down and says some +prayers. Then he turns to the people and says the Orate Fratres. + +Now the priest prays in a low voice and then in a louder voice he says +the Preface: + +Truly, it is right and just that we should at all times and in all +places give thanks to You, O holy Lord, Father almighty, Who, with Your +only Son and the Holy Ghost are one God, one Lord. All the angels daily +praise You, singing with one voice: + + +*THE SANCTUS + +Holy, holy, holy Lord, God of hosts. +Heaven and earth are full of Your glory. +Hosanna in the highest. + +The bell is rung three times. + +Kneel + + +THE CANON + +[Note,--By a Decree of the Church (Aug. 4, 1922), the prayers during the +Canon, i.e. from the Sanctus to the Pater Noster, must be said in +silence.] + +The priest bows low and kisses the altar. + +O most merciful Father, we pray You, through Jesus Christ, Your Son, Our +Lord, to take and bless these gifts. We offer them to You for Your holy +Catholic Church, for our Pope and Bishop and for all those in the +Catholic Faith. + + +PRAYER FOR THE LIVING + +Be mindful, O Lord, of Your servants (name those for whom you wish to +pray especially), and all who are now hearing this Mass. Hear, O Lord, +the prayers they are offering for themselves, their friends and their +families. + + +THE CONSECRATION OF THE HOST + +The priest now bends low over the host and says: + + THIS IS MY BODY + +At these words, the bread is changed into the body of Our Lord. The bell +rings. The priest kneels and then raises the Sacred Body of Our Lord. +Now look at the Sacred Host and say: My Lord and my God. Then bow your +head as the priest kneels again. + + +THE CONSECRATION OF THE WINE + +The priest bends over the chalice and says: + + THIS IS THE CHALICE OF MY BLOOD + +At these words, the wine becomes the Precious Blood of Our Lord. The +bell rings. The priest kneels and then raises the chalice. Now the +priest continues to pray silently. Look at the chalice and say: Jesus in +the Blessed Sacrament, have mercy on us. + +The priest kneels. The bell rings again. The priest prays silently. + + +PRAYER FOR THE DEAD + +Remember also, O Lord, Your servants (here name dead relatives and +friends) who have gone before us with the sign of faith and sleep the +sleep of peace. + +Now the priest says the "Pater Noster." Say the "Our Father." + +Soon after the priest strikes his breast and says the "Agnus Dei." + + +THE PRIEST'S COMMUNION + +The priest after saying some prayers silently, takes the Sacred Host and +paten in his left hand and striking his breast with the right hand says +(the bell rings three times): + +*O Lord, I am not worthy that You should enter under my roof. Say but +the word and my soul shall be healed. + +The priest bows down and receives the Body of Our Lord. He remains in +prayer for a short time. Then he uncovers the chalice and drinks the +Sacred Blood of Our Lord. + + +THE COMMUNION OF THE PEOPLE + +The priest now opens the tabernacle and takes out the Blessed Sacrament +to give holy communion to the people. Turning to the people and holding +the ciborium in his left hand, he lifts up a Sacred Host to the people +in his right hand. Now say with the priest three times: + +"Lord, I am not worthy that You should enter my soul; say but the word +and my soul shall be healed." + + +AFTER THE COMMUNION + +Having replaced the Blessed Sacrament in the tabernacle, the priest +after taking water and wine, covers the chalice and goes to the right +side of the altar to read from the book. Then going back to the middle +he turns to the people and says: + +The Lord be with you. +And with your spirit. + +Then the priest again goes to the right side of the altar and reads: + + +THE PRAYERS AFTER COMMUNION + +*Let us pray: We have been filled with Your gifts, O Lord. Grant that +they may make us clean and strong. May the gift of this divine Sacrament +keep us pure, O Lord. Through the help of the Blessed Virgin, of St. +Joseph, of Sts. Peter and Paul and all the saints, may it free us from +all evil. + +The priest goes back to the middle of the altar and turning to the +people says: + +The Lord be with you. +And with your spirit. + +Go, the Mass is ended. +Thanks be to God. + + +THE BLESSING + +The priest bows down and says a prayer. Then turning to the people he +blesses them saying: + +May almighty God, the Father, Son, and Holy Ghost, bless you. Amen. + +The priest goes to the left side of the altar. + +Stand + +The Lord be with you. +And with your spirit. + + +THE LAST GOSPEL + +The priest makes a cross on forehead, lips, and breast, and says the +Gospel of St. John. + +Remain standing until the priest has left the sanctuary or kneels down +to say the prayers after Mass. + + + +THE RIGHT MANNER OF CONFESSING + + +[From Father Finn's Prayer Book for Catholic Youth.] + + +PRAYER BEFORE EXAMINING YOUR CONSCIENCE + +O Holy Spirit, help me to know all my sins. Help me to remember that +Jesus died for me. Help me to make a good confession and I promise that +I will try never to sin again. + +Now think of your sins. + + +PRAYER BEFORE ENTERING THE CONFESSIONAL + +O God, I am very sorry for all my sins. I promise that I will try to be +good and never again to hurt You by sin. Dear Jesus, help me. Mother of +God, pray that I may please Your Son by true sorrow for my sins. + +When your turn comes, go into the confession box. Make the Sign of the +Cross and wait till the priest opens the little door. Say what you have +been taught to say. Or you may say this: + +Bless me, Father, for I have sinned. It is (say how long) since my last +confession. Since then I have committed these sins. + +Now tell all your sins and how many times you committed each. If there +is something you don't know how to tell, just say, "Please help me, +Father," and the priest will help you. After you have told all your +sins, say what you have been taught to say. Or you may say: + +That is all, Father. + +In case you have no big sins to confess, it is well to end your +confession with: "In my past life I sinned through anger or impurity" +(or some sin that you know you did and that you are sorry for). + +The priest tells you what prayers to say for a penance. Then he tells +you to say the Act of Contrition. When you come out, kneel down near the +altar. Say your penance at once. Then thank God for being so good to +you. + + + +COMMUNION PRAYERS + + +ACTS BEFORE COMMUNION + +Act of Faith. Jesus Christ, my Sovereign Lord, I firmly believe that +Thou art really present in the Holy Eucharist, and that it is Thy body, +Thy blood, Thy soul, and Thy divinity that I shall receive in that +Adorable Sacrament. + +Act of Hope. Thou hast said, O my God, that those hoping in Thee shall +never be confounded. I place all my confidence in Thy promises, and I +hope that, having nourished myself with Thy body on earth, I shall have +the happiness of seeing and possessing Thee eternally in heaven. + +Act of Love. O my divine Jesus, Who hast so loved me as to nourish me +with Thy adorable flesh, I love Thee with all my heart and above all +things; I wish to live and die in Thy holy love. + +Act of Humility. My Saviour and my God, Thou art all sanctity. I am not +worthy that Thou shouldst enter my heart; yet, speak but the word and my +soul shall be healed. + +Act of Desire. My soul desires Thee, O my God! Thou art its joy and +happiness. Come, O divine Jesus, come into my heart; it desires ardently +to receive Thee. + + +ACTS AFTER COMMUNION + +Act of Adoration. I adore Thee, O Jesus, as the Lamb of God immolated +for the salvation of mankind. I join in the profound adoration which the +angels and saints pay to Thee in heaven. + +Act of Thanksgiving. Lord, Thou hast looked on my unworthiness. I was +sick, and Thou hast healed me. I was poor, and Thou hast bestowed upon +me Thy numberless benefits. How shall I be able to thank Thee, O my +Lord, for all Thy favors? I will invoke Thy holy name, and eternally +sing Thy mercies. + +Act of Offering. What can I offer Thee, O my God, for the grace of +having given Thyself to me? I consecrate to Thy glory my body, my soul, +and all that I possess! Dispose of me according to Thy holy will. + +Act of Petition. My divine Redeemer, Thou hast taken possession of me. +Do not let the enemy of my salvation ravish the precious treasure I bear +in my heart. Preserve me from all sin, and defend me against temptation, +that I may persevere until death in the practice of Thy holy law. Amen. + + + +THE ROSARY OF THE BLESSED VIRGIN + + +THE FIVE JOYFUL MYSTERIES +(Assigned for Mondays and Thursdays throughout the year, the Sundays of +Advent, and after Epiphany until Lent.) + +First Mystery. The Annunciation. +Second Mystery. The Visitation. +Third Mystery. The Nativity. +Fourth Mystery. The Presentation. +Fifth Mystery. The Finding of the Child Jesus in the Temple. + + +THE FIVE SORROWFUL MYSTERIES +(For Tuesdays and Fridays throughout the year, and Sundays in Lent.) + +First Mystery. The Prayer and Bloody Sweat of our blessed Saviour in the +Garden. +Second Mystery. The Scourging of Jesus at the Pillar. +Third Mystery. The Crowning of Jesus with Thorns. +Fourth Mystery. Jesus Carrying His Cross. +Fifth Mystery. The Crucifixion. + + +THE FIVE GLORIOUS MYSTERIES +(For Wednesdays and Saturdays throughout the year, and Sundays after +Easter until after Advent.) + +First Mystery. The Resurrection. +Second Mystery. The Ascension. +Third Mystery. The Descent of the Holy Ghost. +Fourth Mystery. The Assumption. +Fifth Mystery. The Crowning of the Blessed Virgin. + + + +THE STATIONS OF THE CROSS + + +A plenary indulgence can be gained each time one makes the Stations, +subject to the usual conditions. + +To make the Stations and gain the indulgences, no special prayer is +required. We have but to begin at the first Station and go around to the +last, thinking devoutly of the Passion and Death of Christ. + + + +HYMNS + + +Come, Holy Ghost, Creator Blest + +1. Come, Holy Ghost, Creator blest, +And in our hearts take up Thy rest; +Come with Thy grace and heavenly aid +|| To fill the hearts which Thou hast made. || + +2. O Comforter, to Thee we cry, +Thou heavenly Gift of God most high, +Thou Fount of life and Fire of love, +|| And sweet Anointing from above. || + +3. Praise we the Father and the Son, +And Holy Spirit with them One; +And may the Son on us bestow +|| The gifts that from the Spirit flow. || + + +O Salutaris + +1. O Salutaris Hostia! + Quae coeli pandis ostium: +Bella premunt hostilia, + Da robur, fer auxilium. + +2. Uni trinoque Domino + Sit sempiterna gloria, +Qui vitam sine termino + Nobis donet in Patria. Amen. + + +Tantum Ergo + +1. Tantum ergo Sacramentum + Veneremur cernui; +Et antiquum documentum + Novo cedat ritui; +Praestet fides supplementum + Sensuum defectui. + +2. Genitori, Genitoque + Laus et jubilatio, +Salus, honor, virtus quoque + Sit et benedictio; +Procedenti ab utroque + Compar sit laudatio. Amen. + +V. Panem de coelo praestitisti eis, +R. Omne delectamentum in se habentem. + + +Adeste Fideles + +1. Adeste, fideles, +Laeti triumphantes; +Venite, venite in Bethlehem; +Natum videte +Regem Angelorum, +Venite, adoremus, +Venite, adoremus, +Venite, adoremus Dominum. + +2. Deum de Deo, +Lumen de lumine, +Gestant puellae viscera; +Deum verum, +Genitum non factum, +Venite, etc. + +3. Cantet nunc Io! +Chorus Angelorum; +Cantet nunc aula coelestium. +Gloria +In excelsis Deo, +Venite, etc. + +4. Ergo, qui natus +Die hodierna, +Jesu! tibi sit gloria, +Patris aeterni +Verbum caro factum, +Venite, etc. + + +Jesus, My Lord, My God +(REV. F. W. FABER) + +1. Jesus, my Lord, my God, my all! + How can I love Thee as I ought? +And how revere this wondrous gift, + So far surpassing hope or thought? + +CHORUS.--Sweet Sacrament! we Thee adore, +Oh, make us love Thee more and more, +Oh, make us love Thee more and more. + +2. Had I but Mary's sinless heart + To love Thee with, my dearest King, +Oh, with what bursts of fervent praise + Thy goodness, Jesus, would I sing! + + +To Jesus' Heart All Burning +(REV. A. J. CHRISTIE, S.J.) + +1. To Jesus' Heart, all burning + With fervent love for men, +My heart with fondest yearning + Shall raise the joyful strain. + +CHORUS.--While ages course along, +Blest be with loudest song +|| The Sacred Heart of Jesus +By every heart and tongued. || + +2. O Heart for me on fire + With love no man can speak, +My yet untold desire + God gives me for Thy sake. + +3. Too true I have forsaken + Thy flock by wilful sin; +Yet now let me be taken + Back to Thy fold again. + + +Jesus, Gentlest Saviour +(REV. F. W. FABER) + +1. Jesus, gentlest Saviour! + God of might and power; +Thou Thyself art dwelling + In us at this hour. +Nature cannot hold Thee, + Heav'n is all too strait +For Thine endless glory, + And Thy royal state. + +2. Out beyond the shining + Of the farthest star, +Thou art ever stretching + Infinitely far. +Yet the hearts of children + Hold what worlds cannot, +And the God of wonders + Loves the lowly spot. + + +Jesus! Saviour of My Soul + +1. Jesus! Saviour of my soul, + Let me to Thy refuge fly, +While the nearer waters roll, + While the tempest still is nigh. + +CHORUS.--Hide me, O my Saviour, hide + Till the storm of life is past; +Safe into Thy haven guide, + O receive my soul at last. +Jesus! Saviour of my soul, + Let me to Thy refuge fly; +Ave, Ave, Jesus mild, + Deign to hear Thy lowly child. + +2. Other refuge have I none, + Hangs my helpless soul on Thee, +Leave, oh, leave me not alone, + Still support and strengthen me. + + +Jesus, the Very Thought of Thee +(REV. E. CASWALL) + +1. Jesus, the very thought of Thee + With rapture fills my breast; +But sweeter far Thy Face to see, + And in Thy presence rest. + +2. Nor voice can sing, nor heart can frame, + Nor can the mem'ry find +A sweeter sound than Thy blest Name, + O Saviour of mankind! + +3. Jesus, our only joy be Thou, + As Thou our prize wilt be; +O Jesus, be our glory now + And through eternity. + + +What Happiness Can Equal Mine? +(REV. F. W. FABER) + +1. What happiness can equal mine? + I've found the object of my love: +My Jesus dear, my King Divine, + Is come to me from heav'n above; +He chose my heart for His abode, + He there becomes my daily bread; +There on me flows His healing blood; + There with His flesh my soul is fed. + +CHORUS.--What happiness can equal mine? + I've found the object of my love: +My Jesus dear, my King Divine, + Is come to me from heav'n above. + +2. I am my love's, and He is mine: + In me He dwells, in Him I live; +What greater treasures could I find? + And could, ye heavens, a greater give? +O sacred banquet, heav'nly feast! + O overflowing source of grace, +Where God the food, and man, the guest, + Meet and unite in sweet embrace! + + +The Love of Jesus + +1. O the priceless love of Jesus: + O the strength of grace divine; +All His gifts are showered upon me, + All His blessings may be mine. +He is throned in Heavenly glory + Where no sin nor death can be; +Yet He loves me in this darkness, + Yet He does not turn from me. + +2. I am blind, and poor, and wretched, + By temptations sorely tried; +Yet His watchful care abounding + Keeps me ever at His side. +He is God and King Eternal, + Higher than all height can be; +Yet His Heart is with me always, + Yet He stoopeth down to me. + + +Holy God, We Praise Thy Name +(REV. C. WALWORTH) + +1. Holy God, we praise Thy name, + Lord of all, we bow before Thee! +All on earth Thy sceptre claim, + All in heav'n above adore Thee. +|| Infinite Thy vast domain, +Everlasting is Thy name. || + +2. Hark! the loud celestial hymn, + Angel choirs above are raising! +Cherubim and Seraphim, + In unceasing chorus praising. +|| Fill the heavens with sweet accord; + Holy! Holy! Holy Lord. || + + +Hail, Heavenly Queen! + +1. Hail, heavenly Queen! Hail, foamy ocean star! +O be our guide, diffuse thy beams afar; +Hail, Mother of God! above all virgins blest, +Hail, happy gate of heav'n's eternal rest. + +CHORUS.--Hail foamy ocean star! Hail, heav'nly Queen! +|| O be our guide to endless joys unseen. || + +2. "Hail, full of grace," with Gabriel we repeat; +Thee, Queen of heav'n, from him we learn to greet; +Then give us peace which heav'n alone can give, +And dead thro' Eve, thro' Mary let us live. + + +Mother Dear, Oh, Pray for Me + +1. Mother dear, oh, pray for me, + Whilst far from heav'n and thee +I wander in a fragile bark, + O'er life's tempestuous sea; +O Virgin Mother, from thy throne, + So bright in bliss above, +Protect thy child and cheer my path, + With thy sweet smile of love. + +CHORUS.--Mother dear, remember me, + And never cease thy care, +Till in heaven eternally + Thy love and bliss I share. + +2. Mother dear, oh, pray for me, + Should pleasure's siren lay +E'er tempt thy child to wander far + From virtue's path away; +When thorns beset life's devious way, + And darkling waters flow, +Then, Mary, aid thy weeping child, + Thyself a mother show. + + +Ora Pro Me + +1. Ave Maria! bright and pure, + Hear, O hear me when I pray, +Pains and pleasures try the pilgrim + On his long and dreary way. +Fears and perils are around me, +Ave Maria! bright and pure, + Ore pro me, ora pro me. + +2. Ave Maria! Queen of Heaven, + Teach, O teach me to obey, +Lead me on, tho' fierce temptations + Stand and meet me in the way. +When I fail and faint, my Mother, +Ave Maria! bright and pure, + Ora pro me, ora pro me. + + +I'll Sing a Hymn to Mary +(REV. FR. WYSE) + +I'll sing a hymn to Mary, + The Mother of my God, +The Virgin of all Virgins, + Of David's royal blood. +Oh, teach me, holy Mary + A loving song to frame, +When wicked men blaspheme thee + To love and bless thy name. + +When troubles dark afflict me + In sorrow and in care, +Thy light doth ever guide me + O beauteous Morning Star. +Lo, I'll be ever ready + Thy goodly help to claim, +When wicked men blaspheme thee + I'll love and bless thy name. + + +Daily, Daily Sing to Mary + +1. Daily, daily sing to Mary + Sing, my soul, her praises due; +All her feasts, her actions worship, + With the heart's devotion true. +Lost in wond'ring contemplation, + Be her majesty confess'd; +Call her Mother, call her Virgin, + Happy Mother, Virgin blest. + +2. She is mighty to deliver; + Call her, trust her lovingly; +When the tempest rages round thee, + She will calm the troubled sea. +Gifts of heaven she has given, + Noble Lady, to our race; +She the Queen who decks her subject, + With the light of God's own grace. + + +Hymn to St. Joseph + +1. With grateful hearts we breathe to-day + The tender accents of our love. +We carol forth a little lay + To thee, great saint in heaven above. + +CHORUS.--O Joseph dear, from thy bright throne, + Incline thine ear unto our prayer. +And o'er us all as o'er thine own, + Extend thy fond paternal care, +And o'er us all as o'er thine own, + Extend thy fond paternal care, +Extend thy fond paternal care. + +2. More favored than earth's greatest king. + Thou wert the guardian of that Child, +Around whose crib full choirs did sing, + With cadenced voices soft and mild. + + +Dear Guardian of Mary +(REV. F. W. FABER) + +1. Dear Guardian of Mary! dear nurse of her child! +Life's ways are full weary, the desert is wild; +Bleak sands are all round us, no home can we see; +Sweet Spouse of our Lady! we lean upon thee. + +2. For thou to the pilgrim art father and guide, +And Jesus and Mary felt safe at thy side; +Ah! blessed Saint Joseph, how safe should I be, +Sweet Spouse of our Lady! if thou wert with me. + + +Dear Angel, Ever at My Side +(REV. F. W. FABER) + +1. Dear Angel, ever at my side, + How loving must thou be, +To leave thy home in heaven to guide + A little child like me. + +2. Thy beautiful and shining face + I see not, though so near; +The sweetness of thy soft, low voice + I am too deaf to hear. + + +Hymn at the Communion + +O Lord, I am not worthy + That Thou shouldst come to me, +But speak the words of comfort, + My spirit healed shall be. + +And humbly I'll receive Thee, + The bridegroom of my soul, +No more by sin to grieve Thee, + Or fly Thy sweet control. + + + + + +End of Project Gutenberg's Baltimore Catechism No. 2 (of 4), by Anonymous + +*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 14552 *** diff --git a/LICENSE.txt b/LICENSE.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6312041 --- /dev/null +++ b/LICENSE.txt @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +This eBook, including all associated images, markup, improvements, +metadata, and any other content or labor, has been confirmed to be +in the PUBLIC DOMAIN IN THE UNITED STATES. + +Procedures for determining public domain status are described in +the "Copyright How-To" at https://www.gutenberg.org. + +No investigation has been made concerning possible copyrights in +jurisdictions other than the United States. Anyone seeking to utilize +this eBook outside of the United States should confirm copyright +status under the laws that apply to them. diff --git a/README.md b/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..c075526 --- /dev/null +++ b/README.md @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +Project Gutenberg (https://www.gutenberg.org) public repository for +eBook #14552 (https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/14552) diff --git a/old/14552.txt b/old/14552.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..5ef8bce --- /dev/null +++ b/old/14552.txt @@ -0,0 +1,3679 @@ +The Project Gutenberg EBook of Baltimore Catechism No. 2 (of 4), by Anonymous + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Baltimore Catechism No. 2 (of 4) + +Author: Anonymous + +Release Date: January 1, 2005 [EBook #14552] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ASCII + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK BALTIMORE CATECHISM NO. 2 (OF 4) *** + + + + +Produced by Dennis McCarthy + + + + + +A CATECHISM OF +CHRISTIAN DOCTRINE + + +Prepared and Enjoined by Order of +The Third Plenary Council of Baltimore + + +QUESTIONS NUMBERED TO AGREE WITH +"EXPLANATION OF THE BALTIMORE CATECHISM" + + +WITH PRAYERS AND HYMNS + + +No. 2 + +{For Confirmation Classes} + + + + +IMPRIMATUR + +New York, April 6, 1885. John Cardinal McCloskey, Archbishop of New +York. + +Baltimore, April 6, 1885. "The Catechism ordered by The Third Plenary +Council of Baltimore, having been diligently compared and examined, is +hereby approved." ++ James Gibbons, Archbishop of Baltimore, Apostolic Delegate. + + + + +{Transcriber's Note: This book is commonly known as "The Baltimore +Catechism No. 2" and is part of a four volume e-text collection. See +the author's note to Baltimore Catechism No. 3 for the background and +purpose of the series. This e-text collection is substantially based on +files generously provided by http://www.catholic.net/ with some missing +material transcribed and added for this release. Transcriber's notes in +this series are placed within braces, and usually prefixed "T.N.:".} + + + + +PRAYERS + + +THE LORD'S PRAYER + +Our Father, who art in heaven, hallowed be Thy name: Thy kingdom come; +Thy will be done on earth as it is in heaven. Give us this day our daily +bread; and forgive us our trespasses as we forgive those who trespass +against us: and lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil. +Amen. + + +THE ANGELICAL SALUTATION + +Hail Mary, full of grace! the Lord is with thee: blessed art thou +amongst women, and blessed is the fruit of thy womb, Jesus. Holy Mary, +Mother of God, pray for us sinners, now and at the hour of our death. +Amen. + + +THE APOSTLES' CREED + +I believe in God, the Father Almighty, Creator of heaven and earth; and +in Jesus Christ, His only Son, our Lord; who was conceived by the Holy +Ghost, born of the Virgin Mary, suffered under Pontius Pilate, was +crucified; died, and was buried. He descended into hell; the third day +He arose again from the dead; He ascended into heaven, sitteth at the +right hand of God, the Father Almighty; from thence He shall come to +judge the living and the dead. I believe in the Holy Ghost the Holy +Catholic Church, the communion of Saints, the forgiveness of sins, the +resurrection of the body, and the life everlasting. Amen. + + +THE CONFITEOR + +I confess to Almighty God, to blessed Mary, ever Virgin, to blessed +Michael the Archangel, to blessed John the Baptist, to the holy Apostles +Peter and Paul, and to all the Saints, that I have sinned exceedingly in +thought, word and deed, through my fault, through my fault, through my +most grievous fault. Therefore, I beseech blessed Mary, ever Virgin, +blessed Michael the Archangel, blessed John the Baptist, the holy +Apostles Peter and Paul, and all the Saints, to pray to the Lord our God +for me. + +May the Almighty God have mercy on me, and forgive me my sins, and bring +me to everlasting life. Amen. + +May the Almighty and merciful Lord grant me pardon, absolution, and +remission of all my sins. Amen. + + +AN ACT OF FAITH + +O my God! I firmly believe that Thou art one God in three Divine +Persons, Father, Son, and Holy Ghost; I believe that Thy Divine Son +became man, and died for our sins, and that he will come to judge the +living and the dead. I believe these and all the truths which the Holy +Catholic Church teaches, because Thou hast revealed them, who canst +neither deceive nor be deceived. + + +AN ACT OF HOPE + +O my God! relying on Thy infinite goodness and promises, I hope to +obtain pardon of my sins, the help of Thy grace, and life everlasting, +through the merits of Jesus Christ, my Lord and Redeemer. + + +AN ACT OF LOVE + +O my God! I love Thee above all things, with my whole heart and soul, +because Thou art all-good and worthy of all love. I love my neighbor as +myself for the love of Thee. I forgive all who have injured me, and ask +pardon of all whom I have injured. + + +AN ACT OF CONTRITION + +O my God! I am heartily sorry for having offended Thee, and I detest all +my sins, because I dread the loss of heaven and the pains of hell, but +most of all because they offend Thee, my God, who art all-good and +deserving of all my love. I firmly resolve, with the help of Thy grace, +to confess my sins, to do penance, and to amend my life. + + +THE BLESSING BEFORE MEALS + ++ Bless us, O Lord! and these Thy gifts, which we are about to receive +from Thy bounty, through Christ our Lord. Amen. + + +GRACE AFTER MEALS + ++ We give Thee thanks for all Thy benefits, O Almighty God, who livest +and reignest forever, and may the souls of the faithful departed +through the mercy of God, rest in peace. Amen. + + +THE MANNER IN WHICH A LAY PERSON IS TO BAPTIZE IN CASE OF NECESSITY + +Pour common water on the head or face of the person to be baptized, and +say while pouring it: + +"I baptize thee in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the +Holy Ghost." + +N.B. Any person of either sex who has reached the use of reason can +baptize in case of necessity, but the same person must say the words +while pouring the water. + + + + +CATECHISM + + + +LESSON FIRST +ON THE END OF MAN + + +1. Q. Who made the world? +A. God made the world. + +2. Q. Who is God? +A. God is the Creator of heaven and earth, and of all things. + +3. Q. What is man? +A. Man is a creature composed of body and soul, and made to the image +and likeness of God. + +4. Q. Is this likeness in the body or in the soul? +A. This likeness is chiefly in the soul. + +5. Q. How is the soul like to God? +A. The soul is like God because it is a spirit that will never die, and +has understanding and free will. + +6. Q. Why did God make you? +A. God made me to know Him, to love Him, and to serve Him in this world, +and to be happy with Him forever in the next. + +7. Q. Of which must we take more care, our soul or our body? +A. We must take more care of our soul than of our body. + +8. Q. Why must we take more care of our soul than of our body? +A. We must take more care of our soul than of our body, because in +losing our soul we lose God and everlasting happiness. + +9. Q. What must we do to save our souls? +A. To save our souls we must worship God by faith, hope, and charity; +that is, we must believe in Him, hope in Him, and love Him with all our +heart. + +10. Q. How shall we know the things which we are to believe? +A. We shall know the things which we are to believe from the Catholic +Church, through which God speaks to us. + +11. Q. Where shall we find the chief truths which the Church teaches? +A. We shall find the chief truths which the Church teaches in the +Apostles' Creed. + +12. Q. Say the Apostles' Creed. +A. I believe in God, the Father Almighty, Creator of heaven and earth; +and in Jesus Christ, His only Son, our Lord; who was conceived by the +Holy Ghost, born of the Virgin Mary, suffered under Pontius Pilate, was +crucified; died, and was buried. He descended into hell: the third day +He arose again from the dead: He ascended into heaven, and sitteth at +the right hand of God, the Father Almighty; from thence He shall come to +judge the living and the dead. I believe in the Holy Ghost, the Holy +Catholic Church, the communion of Saints, the forgiveness of sins, the +resurrection of the body, and the life everlasting. Amen. + + + +LESSON SECOND +ON GOD AND HIS PERFECTIONS + + +13. Q. What is God? +A. God is a spirit infinitely perfect. + +14. Q. Had God a beginning? +A. God had no beginning; He always was and He always will be. + +15. Q. Where is God? +A. God is everywhere. + +16. Q. If God is everywhere, why do we not see Him? +A. We do not see God, because He is a pure spirit and cannot be seen +with bodily eyes. + +17. Q. Does God see us? +A. God sees us and watches over us. + +18. Q. Does God know all things? +A. God knows all things, even our most secret thoughts, words, and +actions. + +19. Q. Can God do all things? +A. God can do all things, and nothing is hard or impossible to Him. + +20. Q. Is God just, holy, and merciful? +A. God is all just, all holy, all merciful, as He is infinitely perfect. + + + +LESSON THIRD +ON THE UNITY AND TRINITY OF GOD + + +21. Q. Is there but one God? +A. Yes; there is but one God. + +22. Q. Why can there be but one God? +A. There can be but one God, because God, being supreme and infinite, +cannot have an equal. + +23. Q. How many Persons are there in God? +A. In God there are three Divine Persons, really distinct, and equal in +all things--the Father, the Son, and the Holy Ghost. + +24. Q. Is the Father God? +A. The Father is God and the first Person of the Blessed Trinity. + +25. Q. Is the Son God? +A. The Son is God and the second Person of the Blessed Trinity. + +26. Q. Is the Holy Ghost God? +A. The Holy Ghost is God and the third Person of the Blessed Trinity. + +27. Q. What do you mean by the Blessed Trinity? +A. By the Blessed Trinity I mean one God in three Divine Persons. + +28. Q. Are the three Divine Persons equal in all things? +A. The three Divine Persons are equal in all things. + +29. Q. Are the three Divine Persons one and the same God? +A. The three Divine Persons are one and the same God, having one and the +same Divine nature and substance. + +30. Q. Can we fully understand how the three Divine Persons are one and +the same God? +A. We cannot fully understand how the three Divine Persons are one and +the same God, because this is a mystery. + +31. Q. What is a mystery? +A. A mystery is a truth which we cannot fully understand. + + + +LESSON FOURTH +ON CREATION + + +32. Q. Who created heaven and earth, and all things? +A. God created heaven and earth, and all things. + +33. Q. How did God create heaven and earth? +A. God created heaven and earth from nothing by His word only; that is, +by a single act of His all-powerful will. + +34. Q. Which are the chief creatures of God? +A. The chief creatures of God are angels and men. + +35. Q. What are angels? +A. Angels are pure spirits without a body, created to adore and enjoy +God in heaven. + +36. Q. Were the angels created for any other purpose? +A. The angels were also created to assist before the throne of God and +to minister unto Him; they have often been sent as messengers from God +to man; and are also appointed our guardians. + +37. Q. Were the angels, as God created them, good and happy? +A. The angels, as God created them, were good and happy. + +38. Q. Did all the angels remain good and happy? +A. All the angels did not remain good and happy; many of them sinned and +were cast into hell, and these are called devils or bad angels. + + + +LESSON FIFTH +ON OUR FIRST PARENTS AND THE FALL + + +39. Q. Who were the first man and woman? +A. The first man and woman were Adam and Eve. + +40. Q. Were Adam and Eve innocent and holy when they came from the hand +of God? +A. Adam and Eve were innocent and holy when they came from the hand of +God. + +41. Q. Did God give any command to Adam and Eve? +A. To try their obedience God commanded Adam and Eve not to eat of a +certain fruit which grew in the garden of Paradise. + +42. Q. Which were the chief blessings intended for Adam and Eve had they +remained faithful to God? +A. The chief blessings intended for Adam and Eve, had they remained +faithful to God, were a constant state of happiness in this life and +everlasting glory in the next. + +43. Q. Did Adam and Eve remain faithful to God? +A. Adam and Eve did not remain faithful to God; but broke His command by +eating the forbidden fruit. + +44. Q. What befell Adam and Eve on account of their sin? +A. Adam and Eve, on account of their sin, lost innocence and holiness, +and were doomed to sickness and death. + +45. Q. What evil befell us on account of the disobedience of our first +parents? +A. On account of the disobedience of our first parents, we all share in +their sin and punishment, as we should have shared in their happiness if +they had remained faithful. + +46. Q. What other effects followed from the sin of our first parents? +A. Our nature was corrupted by the sin of our first parents, which +darkened our understanding, weakened our will, and left in us a strong +inclination to evil. + +47. Q. What is the sin called which we inherit from our first parents? +A. The sin which we inherit from our first parents is called original +sin. + +48. Q. Why is this sin called original? +A. This sin is called original because it comes down to us from our +first parents, and we are brought into the world with its guilt on our +soul. + +49. Q. Does this corruption of our nature remain in us after original +sin is forgiven? +A. This corruption of our nature and other punishments remain in us +after original sin is forgiven. + +50. Q. Was any one ever preserved from original sin? +A. The Blessed Virgin Mary, through the merits of her Divine Son, was +preserved free from the guilt of original sin, and this privilege is +called her Immaculate Conception. + + + +LESSON SIXTH +ON SIN AND ITS KINDS + + +51. Q. Is original sin the only kind of sin? +A. Original sin is not the only kind of sin; there is another kind of +sin, which we commit ourselves, called actual sin. + +52. Q. What is actual sin? +A. Actual sin is any wilful thought, word, deed, or omission contrary to +the law of God. + +53. Q. How many kinds of actual sin are there? +A. There are two kinds of actual sin--mortal and venial. + +54. Q. What is mortal sin? +A. Mortal sin is a grievous offense against the law of God. + +55. Q. Why is this sin called mortal? +A. This sin is called mortal because it deprives us of spiritual life, +which is sanctifying grace, and brings everlasting death and damnation +on the soul. + +56. Q. How many things are necessary to make a sin mortal? +A. To make a sin mortal three things are necessary: a grievous matter, +sufficient reflection, and full consent of the will. + +57. Q. What is venial sin? +A. Venial sin is a slight offense against the law of God in matters of +less importance, or in matters of great importance it is an offense +committed without sufficient reflection or full consent of the will. + +58. Q. Which are the effects of venial sin? +A. The effects of venial sin are the lessening of the love of God in our +heart, the making us less worthy of His help, and the weakening of the +power to resist mortal sin. + +59. Q. Which are the chief sources of sin? +A. The chief sources of sin are seven: Pride, Covetousness, Lust, Anger, +Gluttony, Envy, and Sloth; and they are commonly called capital sins. + + + +LESSON SEVENTH +ON THE INCARNATION AND REDEMPTION + + +60. Q. Did God abandon man after he fell into sin? +A. God did not abandon man after he fell into sin, but promised him a +Redeemer, who was to satisfy for man's sin and reopen to him the gates +of heaven. + +61. Q. Who is the Redeemer? +A. Our Blessed Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ is the Redeemer of mankind. + +62. Q. What do you believe of Jesus Christ? +A. I believe that Jesus Christ is the Son of God, the second Person of +the Blessed Trinity, true God and true man. + +63. Q. Why is Jesus Christ true God? +A. Jesus Christ is true God because He is the true and only Son of God +the Father. + +64. Q. Why is Jesus Christ true man? +A. Jesus Christ is true man because He is the Son of the Blessed Virgin +Mary and has a body and soul like ours. + +65. Q. How many natures are there in Jesus Christ? +A. In Jesus Christ there are two natures, the nature of God and the +nature of man. + +66. Q. Is Jesus Christ more than one person? +A. No, Jesus Christ is but one Divine Person. + +67. Q. Was Jesus Christ always God? +A. Jesus Christ was always God, as He is the second Person of the +Blessed Trinity, equal to His Father from all eternity. + +68. Q. Was Jesus Christ always man? +A. Jesus Christ was not always man, but became man at the time of His +Incarnation. + +69. Q. What do you mean by the Incarnation? +A. By the Incarnation I mean that the Son of God was made man. + +70. Q. How was the Son of God made man? +A. The Son of God was conceived and made man by the power of the Holy +Ghost, in the womb of the Blessed Virgin Mary. + +71. Q. Is the Blessed Virgin Mary truly the Mother of God? +A. The Blessed Virgin Mary is truly the Mother of God, because the same +Divine Person who is the Son of God is also the Son of the Blessed +Virgin Mary. + +72. Q. Did the Son of God become man immediately after the sin of our +first parents? +A. The Son of God did not become man immediately after the sin of our +first parents, but was promised to them as a Redeemer. + +73. Q. How could they be saved who lived before the Son of God became +man? +A. They who lived before the Son of God became man could be saved by +believing in a Redeemer to come, and by keeping the commandments. + +74. Q. On what day was the Son of God conceived and made man? +A. The Son of God was conceived and made man on Annunciation day--the +day on which the Angel Gabriel announced to the Blessed Virgin Mary that +she was to be the Mother of God. + +75. Q. On what day was Christ born? +A. Christ was born on Christmas day in a stable at Bethlehem, over +nineteen hundred years ago. + +76. Q. How long did Christ live on earth? +A. Christ lived on earth about thirty-three years, and led a most holy +life in poverty and suffering. + +77. Q. Why did Christ live so long on earth? +A. Christ lived so long on earth to show us the way to heaven by His +teachings and example. + + + +LESSON EIGHTH +ON OUR LORD'S PASSION, DEATH, RESURRECTION, AND ASCENSION + + +78. Q. What did Jesus Christ suffer? +A. Jesus Christ suffered a bloody sweat, a cruel scourging, was crowned +with thorns, and was crucified. + +79. Q. On what day did Christ die? +A. Christ died on Good Friday. + +80. Q. Why do you call that day "good" on which Christ died so sorrowful +a death? +A. We call that day "good" on which Christ died because by His death He +showed His great love for man, and purchased for him every blessing. + +81. Q. Where did Christ die? +A. Christ died on Mount Calvary. + +82. Q. How did Christ die? +A. Christ was nailed to the Cross and died on it between two thieves. + +83. Q. Why did Christ suffer and die? +A. Christ suffered and died for our sins. + +84. Q. What lessons do we learn from the sufferings and death of Christ? +A. From the sufferings and death of Christ we learn the great evil of +sin, the hatred God bears to it, and the necessity of satisfying for it. + +85. Q. Where did Christ's soul go after His death? +A. After Christ's death His soul descended into hell. + +86. Q. Did Christ's soul descend into the hell of the damned? +A. The hell into which Christ's soul descended was not the hell of the +damned, but a place or state of rest called Limbo, where the souls of +the just were waiting for Him. + +87. Q. Why did Christ descend into Limbo? +A. Christ descended into Limbo to preach to the souls who were in +prison--that is, to announce to them the joyful tidings of their +redemption. + +88. Q. Where was Christ's body while His soul was in Limbo? +A. While Christ's soul was in Limbo His body was in the holy sepulchre. + +89. Q. On what day did Christ rise from the dead? +A. Christ rose from the dead, glorious and immortal, on Easter Sunday, +the third day after His death. + +90. Q. How long did Christ stay on earth after His resurrection? +A. Christ stayed on earth forty days after His resurrection to show that +He was truly risen from the dead, and to instruct His Apostles. + +91. Q. After Christ had remained forty days on earth whither did He go? +A. After forty days Christ ascended into heaven, and the day on which He +ascended into heaven is called Ascension day. + +92. Q. Where is Christ in heaven? +A. In heaven Christ sits at the right hand of God the Father Almighty. + +93. Q. What do you mean by saying that Christ sits at the right hand Of +God? +A. When I say that Christ sits at the right hand of God I mean that +Christ as God is equal to His Father in all things, and that as man He +is in the highest place in heaven next to God. + + + +LESSON NINTH +ON THE HOLY GHOST AND HIS DESCENT UPON THE APOSTLES + + +94. Q. Who is the Holy Ghost? +A. The Holy Ghost is the third Person of the Blessed Trinity. + +95. Q. From whom does the Holy Ghost proceed? +A. The Holy Ghost proceeds from the Father and the Son. + +96. Q. Is the Holy Ghost equal to the Father and the Son? +A. The Holy Ghost is equal to the Father and the Son, being the same +Lord and God as They are. + +97. Q. On what day did the Holy Ghost come down upon the Apostles? +A. The Holy Ghost came down upon the Apostles ten days after the +Ascension of our Lord; and the day on which He came down upon the +Apostles is called Whitsunday, or Pentecost. + +98. Q. How did the Holy Ghost come down upon the Apostles? +A. The Holy Ghost came down upon the Apostles in the form of tongues of +fire. + +99. Q. Who sent the Holy Ghost upon the Apostles? +A. Our Lord Jesus Christ sent the Holy Ghost upon the Apostles. + +100. Q. Why did Christ send the Holy Ghost? +A. Christ sent the Holy Ghost to sanctify His Church, to enlighten and +strengthen the Apostles, and to enable them to preach the Gospel. + +101. Q. Will the Holy Ghost abide with the Church forever? +A. The Holy Ghost will abide with the Church forever, and guide it in +the way of holiness and truth. + + + +LESSON TENTH +ON THE EFFECTS OF THE REDEMPTION + + +102. Q. Which are the chief effects of the Redemption? +A. The chief effects of the Redemption are two: The satisfaction of +God's justice by Christ's sufferings and death, and the gaining of grace +for men. + +103. Q. What do you mean by grace? +A. By grace I mean a supernatural gift of God bestowed on us, through +the merits of Jesus Christ, for our salvation. + +104. Q. How many kinds of grace are there? +A. There are two kinds of grace, sanctifying grace and actual grace. + +105. Q. What is sanctifying grace? +A. Sanctifying grace is that grace which makes the soul holy and +pleasing to God. + +106. Q. What do you call those graces or gifts of God by which we +believe in Him, hope in Him, and love Him? +A. Those graces or gifts of God by which we believe in Him, and hope in +Him, and love Him, are called the Divine virtues of Faith, Hope, and +Charity. + +107. Q. What is Faith? +A. Faith is a Divine virtue by which we firmly believe the truths which +God has revealed. + +108. Q. What is Hope? +A. Hope is a Divine virtue by which we firmly trust that God will give +us eternal life and the means to obtain it. + +109. Q. What is Charity? +A. Charity is a Divine virtue by which we love God above all things for +His own sake, and our neighbor as ourselves for the love of God. + +110. Q. What is actual grace? +A. Actual grace is that help of God which enlightens our mind and moves +our will to shun evil and do good. + +111. Q. Is grace necessary to salvation? +A. Grace is necessary to salvation, because without grace we can do +nothing to merit heaven. + +112. Q. Can we resist the grace of God? +A. We can and unfortunately often do resist the grace of God. + +113. Q. What is the grace of perseverance? +A. The grace of perseverance is a particular gift of God which enables +us to continue in the state of grace till death. + + + +LESSON ELEVENTH +ON THE CHURCH + + +114. Q. Which are the means instituted by our Lord to enable men at all +times to share in the fruits of the Redemption? +A. The means instituted by our Lord to enable men at all times to share +in the fruits of His Redemption are the Church and the Sacraments. + +115. Q. What is the Church? +A. The Church is the congregation of all those who profess the faith of +Christ, partake of the same Sacraments, and are governed by their lawful +pastors under one visible head. + +116. Q. Who is the invisible Head of the Church? +A. Jesus Christ is the invisible Head of the Church. + +117. Q. Who is the visible Head of the Church? +A. Our Holy Father the Pope, the Bishop of Rome, is the Vicar of Christ +on earth and the visible Head of the Church. + +118. Q. Why is the Pope, the Bishop of Rome, the visible Head of the +Church? +A. The Pope, the Bishop of Rome, is the visible Head of the Church +because he is the successor of St. Peter, whom Christ made the chief of +the Apostles and the visible Head of the Church. + +119. Q. Who are the successors of the other Apostles? +A. The successors of the other Apostles are the bishops of the Holy +Catholic Church. + +120. Q. Why did Christ found the Church? +A. Christ founded the Church to teach, govern, sanctify, and save all +men. + +121. Q. Are all bound to belong to the Church? +A. All are bound to belong to the Church, and he who knows the Church to +be the true Church and remains out of it cannot be saved. + + + +LESSON TWELFTH +ON THE ATTRIBUTES AND MARKS OF THE CHURCH + + +122. Q. Which are the attributes of the Church? +A. The attributes of the Church are three: authority infallibility, and +indefectibility. + +123. Q. What do you mean by the authority of the Church? +A. By the authority of the Church I mean the right and power which the +Pope and the bishops, as the successors of the Apostles, have to teach +and to govern the faithful. + +124. Q. What do you mean by the infallibility of the Church? +A. By the infallibility of the Church I mean that the Church cannot err +when it teaches a doctrine of faith or morals. + +125. Q. When does the Church teach infallibly? +A. The Church teaches infallibly when it speaks through the Pope and the +bishops, united in general council, or through the Pope alone when he +proclaims to all the faithful a doctrine of faith or morals. + +126. Q. What do you mean by the indefectibility of the Church? +A. By the indefectibility of the Church I mean that the Church, as +Christ founded it, will last till the end of time. + +127. Q. In whom are these attributes found in their fullness? +A. These attributes are found in their fullness in the Pope, the visible +Head of the Church, whose infallible authority to teach bishops, +priests, and people in matters of faith or morals will last till the end +of the world. + +128. Q. Has the Church any marks by which it may be known? +A. The Church has four marks by which it may be known: it is One; it is +Holy; it is Catholic; it is Apostolic. + +129. Q. How is the Church One? +A. The Church is One because all its members agree in one faith, are all +in one communion, and are all under one Head. + +130. Q. How is the Church Holy? +A. The Church is Holy because its founder, Jesus Christ, is holy; +because it teaches a holy doctrine; invites all to a holy life; and +because of the eminent holiness of so many thousands of its children. + +131. Q. How is the Church Catholic or universal? +A. The Church is Catholic or universal because it subsists in all ages, +teaches all nations, and maintains all truth. + +132. Q. How is the Church Apostolic? +A. The Church is Apostolic because it was founded by Christ on His +Apostles, and is governed by their lawful successors, and because it has +never ceased, and never will cease, to teach their doctrine. + +133. Q. In which Church are these attributes and marks found? +A. These attributes and marks are found in the Holy Roman Catholic +Church alone. + +134. Q. From whom does the Church derive its undying life and infallible +authority? +A. The Church derives its undying life and infallible authority from the +Holy Ghost, the spirit of truth, who abides with it forever. + +135. Q. By whom is the Church made and kept One, Holy, and Catholic? +A. The Church is made and kept One, Holy, and Catholic by the Holy +Ghost, the spirit of love and holiness, who unites and sanctifies its +members throughout the world. + + + +LESSON THIRTEENTH +ON THE SACRAMENTS IN GENERAL + + +136. Q. What is a Sacrament? +A. A Sacrament is an outward sign instituted by Christ to give grace. + +137. Q. How many Sacraments are there? +A. There are seven Sacraments: Baptism, Confirmation, Holy Eucharist, +Penance, Extreme Unction, Holy Orders, and Matrimony. + +138. Q. Whence have the Sacraments the power of giving grace? +A. The Sacraments have the power of giving grace from the merits of +Jesus Christ. + +139. Q. What grace do the Sacraments give? +A. Some of the Sacraments give sanctifying grace, and others increase it +in our souls. + +140. Q. Which are the Sacraments that give sanctifying grace? +A. The Sacraments that give sanctifying grace are Baptism and Penance; +and they are called Sacraments of the dead. + +141. Q. Why are Baptism and Penance called Sacraments of the dead? +A. Baptism and Penance are called Sacraments of the dead, because they +take away sin, which is the death of the soul, and give grace, which is +its life. + +142. Q. Which are the Sacraments that increase sanctifying grace in our +soul? +A. The Sacraments that increase sanctifying grace in our soul are: +Confirmation, Holy Eucharist, Extreme Unction, Holy Orders, and +Matrimony; and they are called Sacraments of the living. + +143. Q. Why are Confirmation, Holy Eucharist, Extreme Unction, Holy +Orders, and Matrimony called Sacraments of the living? +A. Confirmation, Holy Eucharist, Extreme Unction, Holy Orders, and +Matrimony are called Sacraments of the living, because those who receive +them worthily are already living the life of grace. + +144. Q. What sin does he commit who receives the Sacraments of the +living in mortal sin? +A. He who receives the Sacraments of the living in mortal sin commits a +sacrilege, which is a great sin, because it is an abuse of a sacred +thing. + +145. Q. Besides sanctifying grace do the Sacraments give any other +grace? +A. Besides sanctifying grace the Sacraments give another grace, called +sacramental. + +146. Q. What is sacramental grace? +A. Sacramental grace is a special help which God gives, to attain the +end for which He instituted each Sacrament. + +147. Q. Do the Sacraments always give grace? +A. The Sacraments always give grace, if we receive them with the right +dispositions. + +148. Q. Can we receive the Sacraments more than once? +A. We can receive the Sacraments more than once, except Baptism, +Confirmation, and Holy Orders. + +149. Q. Why can we not receive Baptism, Confirmation, and Holy Orders +more than once? +A. We cannot receive Baptism, Confirmation, and Holy Orders more than +once, because they imprint a character in the soul. + +150. Q. What is the character which these Sacraments imprint in the +soul? +A. The character which these Sacraments imprint in the soul is a +spiritual mark which remains forever. + +151. Q. Does this character remain in the soul even after death? +A. This character remains in the soul even after death: for the honor +and glory of those who are saved; for the shame and punishment of those +who are lost. + + + +LESSON FOURTEENTH +ON BAPTISM + + +152. Q. What is Baptism? +A. Baptism is a Sacrament which cleanses us from original sin, makes us +Christians, children of God, and heirs of heaven. + +153. Q. Are actual sins ever remitted by Baptism? +A. Actual sins and all the punishment due to them are remitted by +Baptism, if the person baptized be guilty of any. + +154. Q. Is Baptism necessary to salvation? +A. Baptism is necessary to salvation, because without it we cannot enter +into the kingdom of heaven. + +155. Q. Who can administer Baptism? +A. The priest is the ordinary minister of Baptism; but in case of +necessity any one who has the use of reason may baptize. + +156. Q. How is Baptism given? +A. Whoever baptizes should pour water on the head of the person to be +baptized, and say, while pouring the water: I baptize thee in the name +of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost. + +157. Q. How many kinds of Baptism are there? +A. There are three kinds of Baptism: Baptism of water, of desire, and of +blood. + +158. Q. What is Baptism of water? +A. Baptism of water is that which is given by pouring water on the head +of the person to be baptized, and saying at the same time: I baptize +thee in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost. + +159. Q. What is Baptism of desire? +A. Baptism of desire is an ardent wish to receive Baptism, and to do all +that God has ordained for our salvation. + +160. Q. What is Baptism of blood? +A. Baptism of blood is the shedding of one's blood for the faith of +Christ. + +161. Q. Is Baptism of desire or of blood sufficient to produce the +effects of Baptism of water? +A. Baptism of desire or of blood is sufficient to produce the effects of +the Baptism of water, if it is impossible to receive the Baptism of +water. + +162. Q. What do we promise in Baptism? +A. In Baptism we promise to renounce the devil with all his works and +pomps. + +163. Q. Why is the name of a saint given in Baptism? +A. The name of a saint is given in Baptism in order that the person +baptized may imitate his virtues and have him for a protector. + +164. Q. Why are godfathers and godmothers given in Baptism? +A. Godfathers and godmothers are given in Baptism in order that they may +promise, in the name of the child, what the child itself would promise +if it had the use of reason. + +165. Q. What is the obligation of a godfather and a godmother? +A. The obligation of a godfather and a godmother is to instruct the +child in its religious duties, if the parents neglect to do so or die. + + + +LESSON FIFTEENTH +ON CONFIRMATION + + +166. Q. What is Confirmation? +A. Confirmation is a Sacrament through which we receive the Holy Ghost +to make us strong and perfect Christians and soldiers of Jesus Christ. + +167. Q. Who administers Confirmation? +A. The bishop is the ordinary minister of Confirmation. + +168. Q. How does the bishop give Confirmation? +A. The bishop extends his hands over those who are to be confirmed, +prays that they may receive the Holy Ghost, and anoints the forehead of +each with holy chrism in the form of a cross. + +169. Q. What is holy chrism? +A. Holy chrism is a mixture of olive-oil and balm, consecrated by the +bishop. + +170. Q. What does the bishop say in anointing the person he confirms? +A. In anointing the person he confirms the bishop says: I sign thee with +the sign of the cross, and I confirm thee with the chrism of salvation, +in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost. + +171. Q. What is meant by anointing the forehead with chrism in the form +of a cross? +A. By anointing the forehead with chrism in the form of a cross is +meant, that the Christian who is confirmed must openly profess and +practice his faith, never be ashamed of it, and rather die than deny it. + +172. Q. Why does the bishop give the person he confirms a slight blow on +the cheek? +A. The bishop gives the person he confirms a slight blow on the cheek, +to put him in mind that he must be ready to suffer everything, even +death, for the sake of Christ. + +173. Q. To receive Confirmation worthily is it necessary to be in the +state of grace? +A. To receive Confirmation worthily it is necessary to be in the state +of grace. + +174. Q. What special preparation should be made to receive Confirmation? +A. Persons of an age to learn should know the chief mysteries of faith +and the duties of a Christian, and be instructed in the nature and +effects of this Sacrament. + +175. Q. Is it a sin to neglect Confirmation? +A. It is a sin to neglect Confirmation, especially in these evil days +when faith and morals are exposed to so many and such violent +temptations. + + + +LESSON SIXTEENTH +ON THE GIFTS AND FRUITS OF THE HOLY GHOST + + +176. Q. Which are the effects of Confirmation? +A. The effects of Confirmation are an increase of sanctifying grace, the +strengthening of our faith, and the gifts of the Holy Ghost. + +177. Q. Which are the gifts of the Holy Ghost? +A. The gifts of the Holy Ghost are Wisdom, Understanding, Counsel, +Fortitude, Knowledge, Piety and Fear of the Lord. + +178. Q. Why do we receive the gift of Fear of the Lord? +A. We receive the gift of Fear of the Lord to fill us with a dread of +sin. + +179. Q. Why do we receive the gift of Piety? +A. We receive the gift of Piety to make us love God as a Father and obey +Him because we love Him. + +180. Q. Why do we receive the gift of Knowledge? +A. We receive the gift of Knowledge to enable us to discover the will of +God in all things. + +181. Q. Why do we receive the gift of Fortitude? +A. We receive the gift of Fortitude to strengthen us to do the will of +God in all things. + +182. Q. Why do we receive the gift of Counsel? +A. We receive the gift of Counsel to warn us of the deceits of the +devil, and of the dangers to salvation. + +183. Q. Why do we receive the gift of Understanding? +A. We receive the gift of Understanding to enable us to know more +clearly the mysteries of faith. + +184. Q. Why do we receive the gift of Wisdom? +A. We receive the gift of Wisdom to give us a relish for the things of +God, and to direct our whole life and all our actions to His honor and +glory. + +185. Q. Which are the Beatitudes? +A. The Beatitudes are: + +1. Blessed are the poor in spirit, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven. +2. Blessed are the meek, for they shall possess the land. +3. Blessed are they that mourn, for they shall be comforted. +4. Blessed are they that hunger and thirst after justice, for they shall + be filled. +5. Blessed are the merciful, for they shall obtain mercy. +6. Blessed are the clean of heart, for they shall see God. +7. Blessed are the peacemakers, for they shall be called the children of + God. +8. Blessed are they that suffer persecution for justice sake, for theirs + is the kingdom of heaven. + +186. Q. Which are the twelve fruits of the Holy Ghost? +A. The twelve fruits of the Holy Ghost are Charity, Joy, Peace, +Patience, Benignity, Goodness, Long-suffering, Mildness, Faith, Modesty, +Continency, and Chastity. + + + +LESSON SEVENTEENTH +ON THE SACRAMENT OF PENANCE + + +187. Q. What is the Sacrament of Penance? +A. Penance is a Sacrament in which the sins committed after Baptism are +forgiven. + +188. Q. How does the Sacrament of Penance remit sin, and restore to the +soul the friendship of God? +A. The Sacrament of Penance remits sins and restores the friendship of +God to the soul by means of the absolution of the priest. + +189. Q. How do you know that the priest has the power of absolving from +the sins committed after Baptism? +A. I know that the priest has the power of absolving from the sins +committed after Baptism, because Jesus Christ granted that power to the +priests of His Church when He said: "Receive ye the Holy Ghost. Whose +sins you shall forgive, they are forgiven them; whose sins you shall +retain, they are retained." + +190. Q. How do the priests of the Church exercise the power of forgiving +sins? +A. The priests of the Church exercise the power of forgiving sins by +hearing the confession of sins, and granting pardon for them as +ministers of God and in His name. + +191. Q. What must we do to receive the Sacrament of Penance worthily? +A. To receive the Sacrament of Penance worthily we must do five things: + +1. We must examine our conscience. +2. We must have sorrow for our sins. +3. We must make a firm resolution never more to offend God. +4. We must confess our sins to the priest. +5. We must accept the penance which the priest gives us. + +192. Q. What is the examination of conscience? +A. The examination of conscience is an earnest effort to recall to mind +all the sins we have committed since our last worthy confession. + +193. Q. How can we make a good examination of conscience? +A. We can make a good examination of conscience by calling to memory the +commandments of God, the precepts of the Church, the seven capital sins, +and the particular duties of our state in life, to find out the sins we +have committed. + +194. Q. What should we do before beginning the examination of +conscience? +A. Before beginning the examination of conscience we should pray to God +to give us light to know our sins and grace to detest them. + + + +LESSON EIGHTEENTH +ON CONTRITION + + +195. Q. What is contrition, or sorrow for sin? +A. Contrition, or sorrow for sin, is a hatred of sin and a true grief of +the soul for having offended God, with a firm purpose of sinning no +more. + +196. Q. What kind of sorrow should we have for our sins? +A. The sorrow we should have for our sins should be interior, +supernatural, universal, and sovereign. + +197. Q. What do you mean by saying that our sorrow should be interior? +A. When I say that our sorrow should be interior, I mean that it should +come from the heart, and not merely from the lips. + +198. Q. What do you mean by saying that our sorrow should be +supernatural? +A. When I say that our sorrow should be supernatural, I mean that it +should be prompted by the grace of God, and excited by motives which +spring from faith, and not by merely natural motives. + +199. Q. What do you mean by saying that our sorrow should be universal? +A. When I say that our sorrow should be universal, I mean that we should +be sorry for all our mortal sins without exception. + +200. Q. What do you mean when you say that our sorrow should be +sovereign? +A. When I say that our sorrow should be sovereign, I mean that we should +grieve more for having offended God than for any other evil that can +befall us. + +201. Q. Why should we be sorry for our sins? +A. We should be sorry for our sins, because sin is the greatest of evils +and an offense against God our Creator, Preserver, and Redeemer, and +because it shuts us out of heaven and condemns us to the eternal pains +of hell. + +202. Q. How many kinds of contrition are there? +A. There are two kinds of contrition: perfect contrition and imperfect +contrition. + +203. Q. What is perfect contrition? +A. Perfect contrition is that which fills us with sorrow and hatred for +sin, because it offends God, who is infinitely good in Himself and +worthy of all love. + +204. Q. What is imperfect contrition? +A. Imperfect contrition is that by which we hate what offends God, +because by it we lose heaven and deserve hell; or because sin is so +hateful in itself. + +205. Q. Is imperfect contrition sufficient for a worthy confession? +A. Imperfect contrition is sufficient for a worthy confession, but we +should endeavor to have perfect contrition. + +206. Q. What do you mean by a firm purpose of sinning no more? +A. By a firm purpose of sinning no more I mean a fixed resolve not only +to avoid all mortal sin, but also its near occasions. + +207. Q. What do you mean by the near occasions of sin? +A. By the near occasions of sin I mean all the persons, places, and +things that may easily lead us into sin. + + + +LESSON NINETEENTH +ON CONFESSION + + +208. Q. What is Confession? +A. Confession is the telling of our sins to a duly authorized priest, +for the purpose of obtaining forgiveness. + +209. Q. What sins are we bound to confess? +A. We are bound to confess all our mortal sins, but it is well also to +confess our venial sins. + +210. Q. Which are the chief qualities of a good Confession? +A. The chief qualities of a good Confession are three: it must be +humble, sincere, and entire. + +211. Q. When is our Confession humble? +A. Our Confession is humble, when we accuse our selves of our sins, with +a deep sense of shame and sorrow for having offended God. + +212. Q. When is our Confession sincere? +A. Our Confession is sincere, when we tell our sins honestly and +truthfully, neither exaggerating nor excusing them. + +213. Q. When is our Confession entire? +A. Our Confession is entire, when we tell the number and kinds of our +sins and the circumstances which change their nature. + +214. Q. What should we do if we cannot remember the number of our sins? +A. If we cannot remember the number of our sins, we should tell the +number as nearly as possible, and say how often we may have sinned in a +day, a week, or a month, and how long the habit or practice has lasted. + +215. Q. Is our Confession worthy if, without our fault, we forget to +confess a mortal sin? +A. If without our fault we forget to confess a mortal sin, our +Confession is worthy, and the sin is forgiven; but it must be told in +Confession if it again comes to our mind. + +216. Q. Is it a grievous offense wilfully to conceal a mortal sin in +Confession? +A. It is a grievous offense wilfully to conceal a mortal sin in +Confession, because we thereby tell a lie to the Holy Ghost, and make +our Confession worthless. + +217. Q. What must he do who has wilfully concealed a mortal sin in +Confession? +A. He who has wilfully concealed a mortal sin in Confession must not +only confess it, but must also repeat all the sins he has committed +since his last worthy Confession. + +218. Q. Why does the priest give us a penance after Confession? +A. The priest gives us a penance after Confession, that we may satisfy +God for the temporal punishment due to our sins. + +219. Q. Does not the Sacrament of Penance remit all punishment due to +sin? +A. The Sacrament of Penance remits the eternal punishment due to sin, +but it does not always remit the temporal punishment which God requires +as satisfaction for our sins. + +220. Q. Why does God require a temporal punishment as a satisfaction for +sin? +A. God requires a temporal punishment as a satisfaction for sin, to +teach us the great evil of sin and to prevent us from falling again. + +221. Q. Which are the chief means by which we satisfy God for the +temporal punishment due to sin? +A. The chief means by which we satisfy God for the temporal punishment +due to sin are: Prayer, Fasting, Almsgiving, all spiritual and corporal +works of mercy, and the patient suffering of the ills of life. + +222. Q. Which are the chief spiritual works of mercy? +A. The chief spiritual works of mercy are seven: To admonish the sinner, +to instruct the ignorant, to counsel the doubtful, to comfort the +sorrowful, to bear wrongs patiently, to forgive all injuries, and to +pray for the living and the dead. + +223. Q. Which are the chief corporal works of mercy? +A. The chief corporal works of mercy are seven: To feed the hungry, to +give drink to the thirsty, to clothe the naked, to ransom the captive, +to harbor the harborless, to visit the sick, and to bury the dead. + + + +LESSON TWENTIETH +ON THE MANNER OF MAKING A GOOD CONFESSION + + +224. Q. What should we do on entering the confessional? +A. On entering the confessional we should kneel, make the sign of the +Cross, and say to the priest, Bless me, Father; then add, I confess to +Almighty God and to you, Father, that I have sinned. + +225. Q. Which are the first things we should tell the priest in +Confession? +A. The first things we should tell the priest in Confession are the time +of our last Confession, and whether we said the penance and went to Holy +Communion. + +226. Q. After telling the time of our last Confession and Communion what +should we do? +A. After telling the time of our last Confession and Communion we should +confess all the mortal sins we have since committed, and all the venial +sins we may wish to mention. + +227. Q. What must we do when the confessor asks us questions? +A. When the confessor asks us questions we must answer them truthfully +and clearly. + +228. Q. What should we do after telling our sins? +A. After telling our sins we should listen with attention to the advice +which the confessor may think proper to give. + +229. Q. How should we end our Confession? +A. We should end our Confession by saying, I also accuse myself of all +the sins of my past life, telling, if we choose, one or several of our +past sins. + +230. Q. What should we do while the priest is giving us absolution? +A. While the priest is giving us absolution we should from our heart +renew the Act of Contrition. + + + +LESSON TWENTY-FIRST +ON INDULGENCES + + +231. Q. What is an Indulgence? +A. An Indulgence is the remission in whole or in part of the temporal +punishment due to sin. + +232. Q. Is an Indulgence a pardon of sin, or a license to commit sin? +A. An Indulgence is not a pardon of sin, nor a license to commit sin, +and one who is in a state of mortal sin cannot gain an Indulgence. + +233. Q. How many kinds of Indulgences are there? +A. There are two kinds of Indulgences--Plenary and Partial. + +234. Q. What is a Plenary Indulgence? +A. A Plenary Indulgence is the full remission of the temporal punishment +due to sin. + +235. Q. What is a Partial Indulgence? +A. A Partial Indulgence is the remission of a part of the temporal +punishment due to sin. + +236. Q. How does the Church by means of Indulgences remit the temporal +punishment due to sin? +A. The Church by means of Indulgences remits the temporal punishment due +to sin by applying to us the merits of Jesus Christ, and the +superabundant satisfactions of the Blessed Virgin Mary and of the +saints; which merits and satisfactions are its spiritual treasury. + +237. Q. What must we do to gain an Indulgence? +A. To gain an Indulgence we must be in the state of grace and perform +the works enjoined. + + + +LESSON TWENTY-SECOND +ON THE HOLY EUCHARIST + + +238. Q. What is the Holy Eucharist? +A. The Holy Eucharist is the Sacrament which contains the body and +blood, soul and divinity, of our Lord Jesus Christ under the appearances +of bread and wine. + +239. Q. When did Christ institute the Holy Eucharist? +A. Christ instituted the Holy Eucharist at the Last Supper, the night +before He died. + +240. Q. Who were present when our Lord instituted the Holy Eucharist? +A. When our Lord instituted the Holy Eucharist the twelve Apostles were +present. + +241. Q. How did our Lord institute the Holy Eucharist? +A. Our Lord instituted the Holy Eucharist by taking bread, blessing, +breaking, and giving to His Apostles, saying: Take ye and eat. This is +My body; and then by taking the cup of wine, blessing and giving it, +saying to them: Drink ye all of this. This is My blood which shall be +shed for the remission of sins. Do this for a commemoration of Me. + +242. Q. What happened when our Lord said, This is My body; this is My +blood? +A. When our Lord said, This is My body, the substance of the bread was +changed into the substance of His body; when He said, This is My blood, +the substance of the wine was changed into the substance of His blood. + +243. Q. Is Jesus Christ whole and entire both under the form of bread +and under the form of wine? +A. Jesus Christ is whole and entire both under the form of bread and +under the form of wine. + +244. Q. Did anything remain of the bread and wine after their substance +had been changed into the substance of the body and blood of our Lord? +A. After the substance of the bread and wine had been changed into the +substance of the body and blood of our Lord there remained only the +appearances of bread and wine. + +245. Q. What do you mean by the appearances of bread and wine? +A. By the appearances of bread and wine I mean the figure, the color, +the taste, and whatever appears to the senses. + +246. Q. What is this change of the bread and wine into the body and +blood of our Lord called? +A. This change of the bread and wine into the body and blood of our Lord +is called Transubstantiation. + +247. Q. How was the substance of the bread and wine changed into the +substance of the body and blood of Christ? +A. The substance of the bread and wine was changed into the substance of +the body and blood of Christ by His almighty power. + +248. Q. Does this change of bread and wine into the body and blood of +Christ continue to be made in the Church? +A. This change of bread and wine into the body and blood of Christ +continues to be made in the Church by Jesus Christ through the ministry +of His priests. + +249. Q. When did Christ give His priests the power to change bread and +wine into His body and blood? +A. Christ gave His priests the power to change bread and wine into His +body and blood when He said to the Apostles, Do this in commemoration of +Me. + +250. Q. How do the priests exercise this power of changing bread and +wine into the body and blood of Christ? +A. The priests exercise this power of changing bread and wine into the +body and blood of Christ through the words of consecration in the Mass, +which are the words of Christ: This is My body; this is My blood. + + + +LESSON TWENTY-THIRD +ON THE ENDS FOR WHICH THE HOLY EUCHARIST WAS INSTITUTED + + +251. Q. Why did Christ institute the Holy Eucharist? +A. Christ instituted the Holy Eucharist-- + +1. To unite us to Himself and to nourish our soul with His divine life. +2. To increase sanctifying grace and all virtues in our soul. +3. To lessen our evil inclinations. +4. To be a pledge of everlasting life. +5. To fit our bodies for a glorious resurrection. +6. To continue the sacrifice of the Cross in His Church. + +252. Q. How are we united to Jesus Christ in the Holy Eucharist? +A. We are united to Jesus Christ in the Holy Eucharist by means of Holy +Communion. + +253. Q. What is Holy Communion? +A. Holy Communion is the receiving of the body and blood of Christ. + +254. Q. What is necessary to make a good Communion? +A. To make a good Communion it is necessary to be in the state of +sanctifying grace, to have a right intention, and to obey the laws of +fasting. (See Q. 257.) + +255. Q. Does he who receives Communion in mortal sin receive the body +and blood of Christ? +A. He who receives Communion in mortal sin receives the body and blood +of Christ, but does not receive His grace, and he commits a great +sacrilege. + +256. Q. Is it enough to be free from mortal sin to receive plentifully +the graces of Holy Communion? +A. To receive plentifully the graces of Holy Communion it is not enough +to be free from mortal sin, but we should be free from all affection to +venial sin, and should make acts of faith, hope, and love. + +257. Q. What is the fast necessary for Holy Communion? +A. The fast necessary for Holy Communion is to abstain from all food, +beverages, and alcoholic drinks for one hour before Holy Communion. +Water may be taken at any time. The sick may take food, non-alcoholic +drinks, and any medicine up to Communion time. + +[This answer has been changed in the 1977 printing to bring it up to +date with the current rules.] + +258. Q. Is any one ever allowed to receive Holy Communion when not +fasting? +A. Any one in danger of death is allowed to receive Holy Communion when +not fasting or when it is necessary to save the Blessed Sacrament from +insult or injury. + +259. Q. When are we bound to receive Holy Communion? +A. We are bound to receive Holy Communion, under pain of mortal sin, +during the Easter time and when in danger of death. + +260. Q. Is it well to receive Holy Communion often? +A. It is well to receive Holy Communion often, as nothing is a greater +aid to a holy life than often to receive the Author of all grace and the +Source of all good. + +261. Q. What should we do after Holy Communion? +A. After Holy Communion we should spend some time in adoring our Lord, +in thanking Him for the grace we have received, and in asking Him for +the blessings we need. + + + +LESSON TWENTY-FOURTH +ON THE SACRIFICE OF THE MASS + + +262. Q. When and where are the bread and wine changed into the body and +blood of Christ? +A. The bread and wine are changed into the body and blood of Christ at +the Consecration in the Mass. + +263. Q. What is the Mass? +A. The Mass is the unbloody sacrifice of the body and blood of Christ. + +264. Q. What is a sacrifice? +A. A sacrifice is the offering of an object by a priest to God alone, +and the consuming of it to acknowledge that He is the Creator and Lord +of all things. + +265. Q. Is the Mass the same sacrifice as that of the Cross? +A. The Mass is the same sacrifice as that of the Cross. + +266. Q. How is the Mass the same sacrifice as that of the Cross? +A. The Mass is the same sacrifice as that of the Cross because the +offering and the priest are the same--Christ our Blessed Lord; and the +ends for which the sacrifice of the Mass is offered are the same as +those of the sacrifice of the Cross. + +267. Q. What were the ends for which the sacrifice of the Cross was +offered? +A. The ends for which the sacrifice of the Cross was offered were: 1st, +To honor and glorify God; 2d, To thank Him for all the graces bestowed +on the whole world; 3d, To satisfy God's justice for the sins of men; +4th, To obtain all graces and blessings. + +268. Q. Is there any difference between the sacrifice of the Cross and +the sacrifice of the Mass? +A. Yes; the manner in which the sacrifice is offered is different. On +the Cross Christ really shed His blood and was really slain; in the Mass +there is no real shedding of blood nor real death, because Christ can +die no more; but the sacrifice of the Mass, through the separate +consecration of the bread and the wine, represents His death on the +Cross. + +269. Q. How should we assist at Mass? +A. We should assist at Mass with great interior recollection and piety +and with every outward mark of respect and devotion. + +270. Q. Which is the best manner of hearing Mass? +A. The best manner of hearing Mass is to offer it to God with the priest +for the same purpose for which it is said, to meditate on Christ's +sufferings and death, and to go to Holy Communion. + + + +LESSON TWENTY-FIFTH +ON EXTREME UNCTION AND HOLY ORDERS + + +271. Q. What is the Sacrament of Extreme Unction? +A. Extreme Unction is the Sacrament which, through the anointing and +prayer of the priest, gives health and strength to the soul, and +sometimes to the body, when we are in danger of death from sickness. + +272. Q. When should we receive Extreme Unction? +A. We should receive Extreme Unction when we are in danger of death from +sickness, or from a wound or accident. + +273. Q. Should we wait until we are in extreme danger before we receive +Extreme Unction? +A. We should not wait until we are in extreme danger before we receive +Extreme Unction, but if possible we should receive it whilst we have the +use of our senses. + +274. Q. Which are the effects of the Sacrament of Extreme Unction? +A. The effects of Extreme Unction are: 1st, To comfort us in the pains +of sickness and to strengthen us against temptation; 2d, To remit venial +sins and to cleanse our soul from the remains of sin; 3d, To restore us +to health, when God sees fit. + +275. Q. What do you mean by the remains of sin? +A. By the remains of sin I mean the inclination to evil and the weakness +of the will which are the result of our sins, and which remain after our +sins have been forgiven. + +276. Q. How should we receive the Sacrament of Extreme Unction? +A. We should receive the Sacrament of Extreme Unction in the state of +grace, and with lively faith and resignation to the will of God. + +277. Q. Who is the minister of the Sacrament of Extreme Unction? +A. The priest is the minister of the Sacrament of Extreme Unction. + +278. Q. What is the Sacrament of Holy Orders? +A. Holy Orders is a Sacrament by which bishops, priests, and other +ministers of the Church are ordained and receive the power and grace to +perform their sacred duties. + +279. Q. What is necessary to receive Holy Orders worthily? +A. To receive Holy Orders worthily it is necessary to be in the state of +grace, to have the necessary knowledge and a divine call to this sacred +office. + +280. Q. How should Christians look upon the priests of the Church? +A. Christians should look upon the priests of the Church as the +messengers of God and the dispensers of His mysteries. + +281. Q. Who can confer the Sacrament of Holy Orders? +A. Bishops can confer the Sacrament of Holy Orders. + + + +LESSON TWENTY-SIXTH +ON MATRIMONY + + +282. Q. What is the Sacrament of Matrimony? +A. The Sacrament of Matrimony is the Sacrament which unites a Christian +man and woman in lawful marriage. + +283. Q. Can a Christian man and woman be united in lawful marriage in +any other way than by the Sacrament of Matrimony? +A. A Christian man and woman cannot be united in lawful marriage in any +other way than by the Sacrament of Matrimony, because Christ raised +marriage to the dignity of a Sacrament. + +284. Q. Can the bond of Christian marriage be dissolved by any human +power? +A. The bond of Christian marriage cannot be dissolved by any human +power. + +285. Q. Which are the effects of the Sacrament of Matrimony? +A. The effects of the Sacrament of Matrimony are: 1st, To sanctify the +love of husband and wife; 2d, To give them grace to bear with each +other's weaknesses; 3d, To enable them to bring up their children in the +fear and love of God. + +286. Q. To receive the Sacrament of matrimony worthily is it necessary +to be in the state of grace? +A. To receive the Sacrament of Matrimony worthily it is necessary to be +in the state of grace, and it is necessary also to comply with the laws +of the Church. + +287. Q. Who has the right to make laws concerning the Sacrament of +marriage? +A. The Church alone has the right to make laws concerning the Sacrament +of marriage, though the state also has the right to make laws concerning +the civil effects of the marriage contract. + +288. Q. Does the Church forbid the marriage of Catholics with persons +who have a different religion or no religion at all? +A. The Church does forbid the marriage of Catholics with persons who +have a different religion or no religion at all. + +289. Q. Why does the Church forbid the marriage of Catholics with +persons who have a different religion or no religion at all? +A. The Church forbids the marriage of Catholics with persons who have a +different religion or no religion at all, because such marriages +generally lead to indifference, loss of faith, and to the neglect of the +religious education of the children. + +290. Q. Why do many marriages prove unhappy? +A. Many marriages prove unhappy because they are entered into hastily +and without worthy motives. + +291. Q. How should Christians prepare for a holy and happy marriage? +A. Christians should prepare for a holy and happy marriage by receiving +the Sacraments of Penance and Holy Eucharist; by begging God to grant +them a pure intention and to direct their choice; and by seeking the +advice of their parents and the blessing of their pastors. + + + +LESSON TWENTY-SEVENTH +ON THE SACRAMENTALS + + +292. Q. What is a sacramental? +A. A sacramental is anything set apart or blessed by the Church to +excite good thoughts and to increase devotion, and through these +movements of the heart to remit venial sin. + +293. Q. What is the difference between the Sacraments and the +sacramentals? +A. The difference between the Sacraments and the sacramentals is: 1st, +The Sacraments were instituted by Jesus Christ and the sacramentals were +instituted by the Church; 2d, The Sacraments give grace of themselves +when we place no obstacle in the way; the sacramentals excite in us +pious dispositions, by means of which we may obtain grace. + +294. Q. Which is the chief sacramental used in the Church? +A. The chief sacramental used in the Church is the sign of the Cross. + +295. Q. How do we make the sign of the Cross? +A. We make the sign of the Cross by putting the right hand to the +forehead, then on the breast, and then to the left and right shoulders, +saying, In the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy +Ghost. Amen. + +296. Q. Why do we make the sign of the Cross? +A. We make the sign of the Cross to show that we are Christians and to +profess our belief in the chief mysteries of our religion. + +297. Q. How is the sign of the Cross a profession of faith in the chief +mysteries of our religion? +A. The sign of the Cross is a profession of faith in the chief mysteries +of our religion because it expresses the mysteries of the Unity and +Trinity of God and of the Incarnation and death of our Lord. + +298. Q. How does the sign of the Cross express the mystery of the Unity +and Trinity of God? +A. The words, In the name, express the Unity of God; the words that +follow, of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost, express +the mystery of the Trinity. + +299. Q. How does the sign of the Cross express the mystery of the +Incarnation and death of our Lord? +A. The sign of the Cross expresses the mystery of the Incarnation by +reminding us that the Son of God, having become man, suffered death on +the cross. + +300. Q. What other sacramental is in very frequent use? +A. Another sacramental in very frequent use is holy water. + +301. Q. What is holy water? +A. Holy water is water blessed by the priest with solemn prayer to beg +God's blessing on those who use it, and protection from the powers of +darkness. + +302. Q. Are there other sacramentals besides the sign of the Cross and +holy water? +A. Besides the sign of the Cross and holy water there are many other +sacramentals, such as blessed candles, ashes, palms, crucifixes, images +of the Blessed Virgin and of the saints, rosaries, and scapulars. + + + +LESSON TWENTY-EIGHTH +ON PRAYER + + +303. Q. Is there any other means of obtaining God's grace than the +Sacraments? +A. There is another means of obtaining God's grace, and it is prayer. + +304. Q. What is prayer? +A. Prayer is the lifting up of our minds and hearts to God to adore Him, +to thank Him for His benefits, to ask His forgiveness, and to beg of Him +all the graces we need whether for soul or body. + +305. Q. Is prayer necessary to salvation? +A. Prayer is necessary to salvation, and without it no one having the +use of reason can be saved. + +306. Q. At what particular times should we pray? +A. We should pray particularly on Sundays and holydays, every morning +and night, in all dangers, temptations, and afflictions. + +307. Q. How should we pray? +A. We should pray: 1st, With attention; 2d, With a sense of our own +helplessness and dependence upon God; 3d, With a great desire for the +graces we beg of God; 4th, With trust in God's goodness; 5th, With +perseverance. + +308. Q. Which are the prayers most recommended to us? +A. The prayers most recommended to us are the Lord's Prayer, the Hail +Mary, the Apostles' Creed, the Confiteor, and the Acts of Faith, Hope, +Love, and Contrition. + +309. Q. Are prayers said with distractions of any avail? +A. Prayers said with wilful distractions are of no avail. + + + +LESSON TWENTY-NINTH +ON THE COMMANDMENTS OF GOD + + +310. Q. Is it enough to belong to God's Church in order to be saved? +A. It is not enough to belong to the Church in order to be saved, but we +must also keep the Commandments of God and of the Church. + +311. Q. Which are the Commandments that contain the whole law of God? +A. The Commandments which contain the whole law of God are these two: +1st, Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with thy whole heart, with thy +whole soul, with thy whole strength, and with thy whole mind; 2d, Thou +shalt love thy neighbor as thyself. + +312. Q. Why do these two Commandments of the love of God and of our +neighbor contain the whole law of God? +A. These two Commandments of the love of God and of our neighbor contain +the whole law of God because all the other Commandments are given either +to help us to keep these two, or to direct us how to shun what is +opposed to them. + +313. Q. Which are the Commandments of God? +A. The Commandments of God are these ten. + + 1. I am the Lord thy God, who brought thee out of the land of Egypt, + out of the house of bondage. Thou shalt not have strange gods before + Me. Thou shalt not make to thyself a graven thing, nor the likeness + of anything that is in heaven above, or in the earth beneath, nor of + those things that are in the waters under the earth. Thou shalt not + adore them, nor serve them. + 2. Thou shalt not take the name of the Lord thy God in vain. + 3. Remember thou keep holy the Sabbath day. + 4. Honor thy father and thy mother. + 5. Thou shalt not kill. + 6. Thou shalt not commit adultery. + 7. Thou shalt not steal. + 8. Thou shalt not bear false witness against thy neighbor. + 9. Thou shalt not covet thy neighbor's wife. +10. Thou shalt not covet thy neighbor's goods. + +314. Q. Who gave the Ten Commandments? +A. God Himself gave the Ten Commandments to Moses on Mount Sinai, and +Christ our Lord confirmed them. + + + +LESSON THIRTIETH +ON THE FIRST COMMANDMENT + + +315. Q. What is the first Commandment? +A. The first Commandment is: I am the Lord thy God: thou shalt not have +strange gods before Me. + +316. Q. How does the first Commandment help us to keep the great +Commandment of the love of God? +A. The first Commandment helps us to keep the great Commandment of the +love of God because it commands us to adore God alone. + +317. Q. How do we adore God? +A. We adore God by faith, hope, and charity, by prayer and sacrifice. + +318. Q. How may the first Commandment be broken? +A. The first Commandment may be broken by giving to a creature the honor +which belongs to God alone; by false worship; and by attributing to a +creature a perfection which belongs to God alone. + +319. Q. Do those who make use of spells and charms, or who believe in +dreams, in mediums, spiritists, fortune-tellers, and the like, sin +against the first Commandment? +A. Those who make use of spells and charms, or who believe in dreams, in +mediums, spiritists, fortunetellers and the like, sin against the first +Commandment, because they attribute to creatures perfections which +belong to God alone. + +320. Q. Are sins against faith, hope and charity also sins against the +first Commandment? +A. Sins against faith, hope, and charity are also sins against the first +Commandment. + +321. Q. How does a person sin against faith? +A. A person sins against faith: 1st, by not trying to know what God has +taught; 2d, by refusing to believe all that God has taught; 3d, by +neglecting to profess his belief in what God has taught. + +322. Q. How do we fail to try to know what God has taught? +A. We fail to try to know what God has taught by neglecting to learn the +Christian doctrine. + +323. Q. Who are they who do not believe all that God has taught? +A. They who do not believe all that God has taught are the heretics and +infidels. + +324. Q. Who are they who neglect to profess their belief in what God has +taught? +A. They who neglect to profess their belief in what God has taught are +all those who fail to acknowledge the true Church in which they really +believe. + +325. Q. Can they who fail to profess their faith in the true Church in +which they believe expect to be saved while in that state? +A. They who fail to profess their faith in the true Church in which they +believe cannot expect to be saved while in that state, for Christ has +said: "Whoever shall deny Me before men, I will also deny him before My +Father who is in heaven." + +326. Q. Are we obliged to make open profession of our faith? +A. We are obliged to make open profession of our faith as often as God's +honor, our neighbor's spiritual good, or our own requires it. +"Whosoever," says Christ, "shall confess Me before men, I will also +confess him before My Father who is in heaven." + +327. Q. Which are the sins against hope? +A. The sins against hope are presumption and despair. + +328. Q. What is presumption? +A. Presumption is a rash expectation of salvation without making proper +use of the necessary means to obtain it. + +329. Q. What is despair? +A. Despair is the loss of hope in God's mercy. + +330. Q. How do we sin against the love of God? +A. We sin against the love of God by all sin, but particularly by mortal +sin. + + + +LESSON THIRTY-FIRST +THE FIRST COMMANDMENT--ON THE HONOR AND INVOCATION OF SAINTS + + +331. Q. Does the first Commandment forbid the honoring of the saints? +A. The first Commandment does not forbid the honoring of the saints, but +rather approves of it; because by honoring the saints, who are the +chosen friends of God, we honor God Himself. + +332. Q. Does the first Commandment forbid us to pray to the saints? +A. The first Commandment does not forbid us to pray to the saints. + +333. Q. What do we mean by praying to the saints? +A. By praying to the saints we mean the asking of their help and +prayers. + +334. Q. How do we know that the saints hear us? +A. We know that the saints hear us, because they are with God, who makes +our prayers known to them. + +335. Q. Why do we believe that the saints will help us? +A. We believe that the saints will help us because both they and we are +members of the same Church, and they love us as their brethren. + +336. Q. How are the saints and we members of the same Church? +A. The saints and we are members of the same Church, because the Church +in heaven and the Church on earth are one and the same Church, and all +its members are in communion with one another. + +337. Q. What is the communion of the members of the Church called? +A. The communion of the members of the Church is called the communion of +saints. + +338. Q. What does the communion of saints mean? +A. The communion of saints means the union which exists between the +members of the Church on earth with one another, and with the blessed in +heaven and with the suffering souls in purgatory. + +339. Q. What benefits are derived from the communion of saints? +A. The following benefits are derived from the communion of saints:--the +faithful on earth assist one another by their prayers and good works, +and they are aided by the intercession of the saints in heaven, while +both the saints in heaven and the faithful on earth help the souls in +purgatory. + +340. Q. Does the first Commandment forbid us to honor relics? +A. The first Commandment does not forbid us to honor relics, because +relics are the bodies of the saints, or objects directly connected with +them or with our Lord. + +341. Q. Does the first Commandment forbid the making of images? +A. The first Commandment does forbid the making of images if they are +made to be adored as gods, but it does not forbid the making of them to +put us in mind of Jesus Christ, His Blessed Mother, and the saints. + +342. Q. Is it right to show respect to the pictures and images of Christ +and His saints? +A. It is right to show respect to the pictures and images of Christ and +His saints, because they are the representations and memorials of them. + +343. Q. Is it allowed to pray to the crucifix or to the images and +relics of the saints? +A. It is not allowed to pray to the crucifix or images and relics of the +saints, for they have no life, nor power to help us, nor sense to hear +us. + +344. Q. Why do we pray before the crucifix and the images and relics of +the saints? +A. We pray before the crucifix and images and relics of the saints +because they enliven our devotion by exciting pious affections and +desires, and by reminding us of Christ and of the saints, that we may +imitate their virtues. + + + +LESSON THIRTY-SECOND +FROM THE SECOND TO THE FOURTH COMMANDMENT + + +345. Q. What is the second Commandment? +A. The second Commandment is: Thou shalt not take the name of the Lord +thy God in vain. + +346. Q. What are we commanded by the second Commandment? +A. We are commanded by the second Commandment to speak with reverence of +God and of the saints, and of all holy things, and to keep our lawful +oaths and vows. + +347. Q. What is an oath? +A. An oath is the calling upon God to witness the truth of what we say. + +348. Q. When may we take an oath? +A. We may take an oath when it is ordered by lawful authority or +required for God's honor or for our own or our neighbor's good. + +349. Q. What is necessary to make an oath lawful? +A. To make an oath lawful it is necessary that what we swear to, be +true, and that there be a sufficient cause for taking an oath. + +350. Q. What is a vow? +A. A vow is a deliberate promise made to God to do something that is +pleasing to Him. + +351. Q. Is it a sin not to fulfill our vows? +A. Not to fulfill our vows is a sin, mortal or venial, according to the +nature of the vow and the intention we had in making it. + +352. Q. What is forbidden by the second Commandment? +A. The second Commandment forbids all false, rash, unjust, and +unnecessary oaths, blasphemy, cursing, and profane words. + +353. Q. What is the third Commandment? +A. The third Commandment is: Remember thou keep holy the Sabbath day. + +354. Q. What are we commanded by the third Commandment? +A. By the third Commandment we are commanded to keep holy the Lord's day +and the holydays of obligation, on which we are to give our time to the +service and worship of God. + +355. Q. How are we to worship God on Sundays and holydays of obligation? +A. We are to worship God on Sundays and holydays of obligation by +hearing Mass, by prayer, and by other good works. + +356. Q. Are the Sabbath day and the Sunday the same? +A. The Sabbath day and the Sunday are not the same. The Sabbath is the +seventh day of the week, and is the day which was kept holy in the Old +Law; the Sunday is the first day of the week, and is the day which is +kept holy in the New Law. + +357. Q. Why does the Church command us to keep the Sunday holy instead +of the Sabbath? +A. The Church commands us to keep the Sunday holy instead of the Sabbath +because on Sunday Christ rose from the dead, and on Sunday He sent the +Holy Ghost upon the Apostles. + +358. Q. What is forbidden by the third Commandment? +A. The third Commandment forbids all unnecessary servile work and +whatever else may hinder the due observance of the Lord's day. + +359. Q. What are servile works? +A. Servile works are those which require labor rather of body than of +mind. + +360. Q. Are servile works on Sunday ever lawful? +A. Servile works are lawful on Sunday when the honor of God, the good of +our neighbor, or necessity requires them. + + + +LESSON THIRTY-THIRD +FROM THE FOURTH TO THE SEVENTH COMMANDMENT + + +361. Q. What is the fourth Commandment? +A. The fourth Commandment is: Honor thy father and thy mother. + +362. Q. What are we commanded by the fourth Commandment? +A. We are commanded by the fourth Commandment to honor, love, and obey +our parents in all that is not sin. + +363. Q. Are we bound to honor and obey others than our parents? +A. We are also bound to honor and obey our bishops, pastors, +magistrates, teachers, and other lawful superiors. + +364. Q. Have parents and superiors any duties towards those who are +under their charge? +A. It is the duty of parents and superiors to take good care of all +under their charge and give them proper direction and example. + +365. Q. What is forbidden by the fourth Commandment? +A. The fourth Commandment forbids all disobedience, contempt, and +stubbornness towards our parents or lawful superiors. + +366. Q. What is the fifth Commandment? +A. The fifth Commandment is: Thou shalt not kill. + +367. Q. What are we commanded by the fifth Commandment? +A. We are commanded by the fifth Commandment to live in peace and union +with our neighbor, to respect his rights, to seek his spiritual and +bodily welfare, and to take proper care of our own life and health. + +368. Q. What is forbidden by the fifth Commandment? +A. The fifth Commandment forbids all wilful murder, fighting, anger, +hatred, revenge, and bad example. + +369. Q. What is the sixth Commandment? +A. The sixth Commandment is: Thou shalt not commit adultery. + +370. Q. What are we commanded by the sixth Commandment? +A. We are commanded by the sixth Commandment to be pure in thought and +modest in all our looks, words, and actions. + +371. Q. What is forbidden by the sixth Commandment? +A. The sixth commandment forbids all unchaste freedom with another's +wife or husband; also all immodesty with ourselves or others in looks, +dress, words, or actions. + +372. Q. Does the sixth Commandment forbid the reading of bad and +immodest books and newspapers? +A. The sixth Commandment does forbid the reading of bad and immodest +books and newspapers. + + + +LESSON THIRTY-FOURTH +FROM THE SEVENTH TO THE END OF THE TENTH COMMANDMENT + + +373. Q. What is the seventh Commandment? +A. The seventh Commandment is: Thou shalt not steal. + +374. Q. What are we commanded by the seventh Commandment? +A. By the seventh Commandment we are commanded to give to all men what +belongs to them and to respect their property. + +375. Q. What is forbidden by the seventh Commandment? +A. The seventh Commandment forbids all unjust taking or keeping what +belongs to another. + +376. Q. Are we bound to restore ill-gotten goods? +A. We are bound to restore ill-gotten goods, or the value of them, as +far as we are able; otherwise we cannot be forgiven. + +377. Q. Are we obliged to repair the damage we have unjustly caused? +A. We are bound to repair the damage we have unjustly caused. + +378. Q. What is the eighth Commandment? +A. The eighth Commandment is: Thou shalt not bear false witness against +thy neighbor. + +379. Q. What are we commanded by the eighth Commandment? +A. We are commanded by the eighth Commandment to speak the truth in all +things and to be careful of the honor and reputation of every one. + +380. Q. What is forbidden by the eighth Commandment? +A. The eighth Commandment forbids all rash judgments, backbiting, +slanders, and lies. + +381. Q. What must they do who have lied about their neighbor and +seriously injured his character? +A. They who have lied about their neighbor and seriously injured his +character must repair the injury done as far as they are able, otherwise +they will not be forgiven. + +382. Q. What is the ninth Commandment? +A. The ninth Commandment is: Thou shalt not covet thy neighbor's wife. + +383. Q. What are we commanded by the ninth Commandment? +A. We are commanded by the ninth Commandment to keep ourselves pure in +thought and desire. + +384. Q. What is forbidden by the ninth Commandment? +A. The ninth Commandment forbids unchaste thoughts, desires of another's +wife or husband, and all other unlawful impure thoughts and desires. + +385. Q. Are impure thoughts and desires always sins? +A. Impure thoughts and desires are always sins, unless they displease us +and we try to banish them. + +386. Q. What is the tenth Commandment? +A. The tenth Commandment is: Thou shalt not covet thy neighbor's goods. + +387. Q. What are we commanded by the tenth Commandment? +A. By the tenth Commandment we are commanded to be content with what we +have, and to rejoice in our neighbor's welfare. + +388. Q. What is forbidden by the tenth Commandment? +A. The tenth Commandment forbids all desires to take or keep wrongfully +what belongs to another. + + + +LESSON THIRTY-FIFTH +ON THE FIRST AND SECOND COMMANDMENTS OF THE CHURCH + + +389. Q. Which are the chief commandments of the Church? +A. The chief commandments of the Church are six: + +1. To hear Mass on Sundays and holydays of obligation. +2. To fast and abstain on the days appointed. +3. To confess at least once a year. +4. To receive the Holy Eucharist during the Easter time. +5. To contribute to the support of our pastors. +6. Not to marry persons who are not Catholics, or who are related to us + within the third degree of kindred, nor privately without witnesses, + nor to solemnize marriage at forbidden times. + +390. Q. Is it a mortal sin not to hear Mass on a Sunday or a holyday of +obligation? +A. It is a mortal sin not to hear Mass on a Sunday or a holyday of +obligation, unless we are excused for a serious reason. They also commit +a mortal sin who, having others under their charge, hinder them from +hearing Mass, without a sufficient reason. + +391. Q. Why were holydays instituted by the Church? +A. Holydays were instituted by the Church to recall to our minds the +great mysteries of religion and the virtues and rewards of the saints. + +392. Q. How should we keep the holydays of obligation? +A. We should keep the holydays of obligation as we should keep the +Sunday. + +393. Q. What do you mean by fast-days? +A. By fast-days I mean days on which we are allowed but one full meal. + +394. Q. What do you mean by days of abstinence? +A. By days of abstinence I mean days on which we are forbidden to eat +flesh-meat, but are allowed the usual number of meals. + +395. Q. Why does the Church command us to fast and abstain? +A. The Church commands us to fast and abstain, in order that we may +mortify our passions and satisfy for our sins. + +396. Q. Why does the Church command us to abstain from flesh-meat on +Fridays? +A. The Church commands us to abstain from flesh-meat on Fridays, in +honor of the day on which our Saviour died. + + + +LESSON THIRTY-SIXTH +ON THE THIRD, FOURTH, FIFTH AND SIXTH COMMANDMENTS OF THE CHURCH + + +397. Q. What is meant by the command of confessing at least once a year? +A. By the command of confessing at least once a year is meant that we +are obliged, under pain of mortal sin, to go to confession within the +year. + +398. Q. Should we confess only once a year? +A. We should confess frequently, if we wish to lead a good life. + +399. Q. Should children go to Confession? +A. Children should go to Confession when they are old enough to commit +sin, which is commonly about the age of seven years. + +400. Q. What sin does he commit who neglects to receive Communion during +the Easter time? +A. He who neglects to receive Communion during the Easter time commits a +mortal sin. + +401. Q. What is the Easter time? +A. The Easter time is, in this country, the time between the first +Sunday of Lent and Trinity Sunday. + +402. Q. Are we obliged to contribute to the support of our pastors? +A. We are obliged to contribute to the support of our pastors, and to +bear our share in the expenses of the church and school. + +403. Q. What is the meaning of the commandment not to marry within the +third degree of kindred? +A. The meaning of the commandment not to marry within the third degree +of kindred is that no one is allowed to marry another within the third +degree of blood relationship. + +404. Q. What is the meaning of the command not to marry privately? +A. The command not to marry privately means that none should marry +without the blessing of God's priests or without witnesses. + +405. Q. What is the meaning of the precept not to solemnize marriage at +forbidden times? +A. The meaning of the precept not to solemnize marriage at forbidden +times is that during Lent and Advent the marriage ceremony should not be +performed with pomp or a nuptial Mass. + +406. Q. What is the nuptial Mass? +A. A nuptial Mass is a Mass appointed by the Church to invoke a special +blessing upon the married couple. + +407. Q. Should Catholics be married at a nuptial Mass? +A. Catholics should be married at a nuptial Mass, because they thereby +show greater reverence for the holy Sacrament and bring richer blessings +upon their wedded life. + + + +LESSON THIRTY-SEVENTH +ON THE LAST JUDGMENT AND THE RESURRECTION, HELL, PURGATORY, AND HEAVEN + + +408. Q. When will Christ judge us? +A. Christ will judge us immediately after our death, and on the last +day. + +409. Q. What is the judgment called which we have to undergo immediately +after death? +A. The judgment we have to undergo immediately after death is called the +Particular Judgment. + +410. Q. What is the judgment called which all men have to undergo on the +last day? +A. The judgment which all men have to undergo on the last day is called +the General Judgment. + +411. Q. Why does Christ judge men immediately after death? +A. Christ judges men immediately after death to reward or punish them +according to their deeds. + +412. Q. What are the rewards or punishments appointed for men's souls +after the Particular Judgment? +A. The rewards or punishments appointed for men's souls after the +Particular Judgment are Heaven, Purgatory, and Hell. + +413. Q. What is Hell? +A. Hell is a state to which the wicked are condemned, and in which they +are deprived of the sight of God for all eternity, and are in dreadful +torments. + +414. Q. What is Purgatory? +A. Purgatory is a state in which those suffer for a time who die guilty +of venial sins, or without having satisfied for the punishment due to +their sins. + +415. Q. Can the faithful on earth help the souls in Purgatory? +A. The faithful on earth can help the souls in Purgatory by their +prayers, fasts, alms-deeds; by indulgences, and by having Masses said +for them. + +416. Q. If every one is judged immediately after death, what need is +there of a General Judgment? +A. There is need of a General Judgment, though every one is judged +immediately after death, that the providence of God, which, on earth, +often permits the good to suffer and the wicked to prosper, may in the +end appear just before all men. + +417. Q. Will our bodies share in the reward or punishment of our souls? +A. Our bodies will share in the reward or punishment of our souls, +because through the resurrection they will again be united to them. + +418. Q. In what state will the bodies of the just rise? +A. The bodies of the just will rise glorious and immortal. + +419. Q. Will the bodies of the damned also rise? +A. The bodies of the damned will also rise, but they will be condemned +to eternal punishment. + +420. Q. What is Heaven? +A. Heaven is the state of everlasting life in which we see God face to +face, are made like unto Him in glory, and enjoy eternal happiness. + +421. Q. What words should we bear always in mind? +A. We should bear always in mind these words of our Lord and Saviour +Jesus Christ: "What doth it profit a man if he gain the whole world and +suffer the loss of his own soul, or what exchange shall a man give for +his soul? For the Son of man shall come in the glory of His Father with +His angels; and then will He render to every man according to his +works." + + + + +MORNING PRAYERS + + +As soon as you awake, think of God. Make the Sign of the Cross and say: + ++ In the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost. +Amen. + +Then dress quickly and kneel down. Now say the Our Father, the Hail +Mary, the Apostles' Creed, the Confiteor and the Acts of Faith, Hope, +Love and Contrition which you have probably memorized. If you do not +know them by heart you will find them on pages 2-4. + +Then if you have time also say the following prayers: + +TO THE BLESSED VIRGIN. +My Lady, and my Mother, remember I am thine; protect and defend me as +thy property and possession. + +TO SAINT JOSEPH. +Saint Joseph, model and patron of those who love the Sacred Heart of +Jesus, pray for us. + +TO THE GUARDIAN ANGEL. +Angel of God, my guardian dear, +To whom His love commits me here, +Ever this day be at my side, +To light and guard, to rule and guide. Amen. + +God bless Papa and Mamma. God bless Brothers and Sisters, and all my +friends. God bless me, and make me a good child. + +FOR THE FAITHFUL DEPARTED. +Eternal rest give unto them, O Lord. And let perpetual light shine upon +them. May they rest in peace. Amen. + +Glory be to the Father, and to the Son, and to the Holy Ghost. As it was +in the beginning, is now, and ever shall be, world without end. Amen. + +Make the Sign of the Cross. + + + +EVENING PRAYERS + + +Never go to bed without thanking God for all the benefits you have +received during the day and during your whole life. Kneel down. Make the +Sign of the Cross. Then say the Our Father, Hail Mary, the Apostles' +Creed, the Confiteor, and Glory be. + +Now think how you have acted during the day. Are there any big sins on +your soul? Any little sins? Try to tell Jesus how sorry you are for all +your sins, and say the Act of Contrition (page 4). + +Jesus, Mary, Joseph, I give you my heart and my soul. +Jesus, Mary, Joseph, assist me in my last agony. +Jesus, Mary, Joseph, may I breathe forth my soul in peace with you. +O my God, bless my father, mother, and all my relatives and friends. +May the souls of the faithful departed, through the mercy of God, rest +in peace. Amen. + +Bless yourself with holy water. + ++ In the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost. +Amen. + + + +PRAYERS FOR MASS + + +[The Mass prayers are an arrangement of those contained in Father Finn's +"Prayer Book for Catholic Youth" (also known as Father Finn's Boys' and +Girls' Prayer Book). They follow closely in simplified language the +spirit and liturgy of the "Ordinary of the Mass," so that children will +become readily accustomed to using the Church's own prayers and follow +the priest at the altar. The rubrics when to sit, stand or kneel at Low +Mass are given. + +If it is found desirable to have the children recite prayers aloud and +in unison at Mass, certain parts suitable for this purpose are marked +with an asterisk (*).] + + +Remember that the church is the house of God, where the living God +dwells. And where God is, His holy angels too are present. In church, +therefore, be reverent and modest in your behavior, and always be in +time. When you enter, bless yourself with holy water and go quietly to +your seat, genuflect on your right knee and enter the pew. + + +PRAYER BEFORE MASS + +O my God, I am only a child; help me to be attentive, and to pray with +all my heart during this holy Mass. + +The priest comes out to begin Mass. + +Stand + +The priest carries in his hands the chalice, covered with a cloth. The +priest goes up to the middle of the altar, and sets down the chalice. +Then he goes to the right side and opens the book. + +After that he comes down to the foot of the altar, and makes the Sign of +the Cross. + + +THE MASS OF THE CATECHUMENS +(From the Beginning to the Offertory) + +Kneel + +*In the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost. Amen. +*I will go in to the altar of God, to God Who gives joy to my youth. +*Judge me, O God. Keep me safe from all evil. +Glory be to the Father, and to the Son and to the Holy Ghost. +As it was in the beginning, is now and ever shall be, world without end. +Amen. +I will go in to the altar of God. +To God Who gives joy to my youth. + +Here the priest makes the Sign of the Cross. + +Our help is in the name of the Lord. +Who made heaven and earth. + +The priest, bowing down, says the Confiteor. Then the altar-boys bow and +say it after him. Read it as on p. 2. + +The priest goes up to the altar and says: + +O Lord, we beg You, by the goodness of Your saints whose relics are +here, and of all Your saints, to forgive us all our sins. + + +THE INTROIT AND KYRIE ELEISON + +The priest goes to the right side of the altar and reads from the book. +Then going back to the middle of the altar he says the Kyrie Eleison. + + +THE GLORIA + +Glory be to God on high, and on earth peace to men of good will. We +praise You. We bless You. We glorify You. We give You thanks for Your +great glory, O Lord God, heavenly King, God the Father almighty. O Lord +God, Son of the Father, Who take away the sins of the world, have mercy +on us. You only, O Jesus Christ, with the Holy Ghost, are most high in +the Glory of God the Father. Amen. + +The priest turns to the people and says: + +The Lord be with you. +And with your spirit. + + +THE COLLECT + +The priest goes to the right side of the altar and reads from the book. + +*Let us pray: Let Your grace and pity guide our hearts, we beg You, O +Lord. For without You we cannot please You. Through Our Lord, Jesus +Christ, Your Son, Who lives and reigns with You in the unity of the Holy +Ghost, world without end. Amen. + + +THE EPISTLE + +The Epistle is a letter. Most of these letters were written by Saint +Paul. The priest now reads one of these. You may read the following: + +Dear children: Be happy, be good, be brave; agree with one another, and +be at peace. The grace of Our Lord Jesus Christ, God's love, and the +wisdom of the Holy Ghost be with you all. Amen. + +Thanks be to God. + +The altar-boy carries the book to the left side of the altar. The priest +bows at the middle of the altar and says a prayer. + + +THE GOSPEL + +The priest goes to the left and reads from the book. + +Stand + +While Jesus was speaking to the people, mothers brought their children +to Him, that He might bless them. The disciples told them not to bother +Jesus. But Jesus said, "Suffer the little children to come to Me and +forbid them not. For of such is the kingdom of heaven." And Jesus +blessed the children. + +Praise be to You, O Christ. + +Sit + +The priest now turns back to the middle of the altar and says the Creed. +You also say it (see page 2). + + +THE MASS OF THE FAITHFUL +(From the Offertory to the Communion) + + +THE OFFERING OF THE HOST + +The priest takes the cloth off the chalice. Then he holds up a small +gold plate on which is the bread, called the host. + +*Take, O holy Father, almighty and eternal God, this spotless host which +I, Your unworthy servant, offer to You for my many sins and for all who +serve You, living and dead. May it help them and me to gain eternal +life. + +The priest goes to the right side of the altar. He pours wine and water +into the chalice. Then the priest goes back to the middle of the altar +and raises the chalice. + + +THE OFFERING OF THE CHALICE + +*We offer You, O Lord, this chalice. May it help us and all the world to +gain eternal life. Amen. + +The priest goes to the right side of the altar to wash his hands. + +Returning to the middle of the altar, the priest bows down and says some +prayers. Then he turns to the people and says the Orate Fratres. + +Now the priest prays in a low voice and then in a louder voice he says +the Preface: + +Truly, it is right and just that we should at all times and in all +places give thanks to You, O holy Lord, Father almighty, Who, with Your +only Son and the Holy Ghost are one God, one Lord. All the angels daily +praise You, singing with one voice: + + +*THE SANCTUS + +Holy, holy, holy Lord, God of hosts. +Heaven and earth are full of Your glory. +Hosanna in the highest. + +The bell is rung three times. + +Kneel + + +THE CANON + +[Note,--By a Decree of the Church (Aug. 4, 1922), the prayers during the +Canon, i.e. from the Sanctus to the Pater Noster, must be said in +silence.] + +The priest bows low and kisses the altar. + +O most merciful Father, we pray You, through Jesus Christ, Your Son, Our +Lord, to take and bless these gifts. We offer them to You for Your holy +Catholic Church, for our Pope and Bishop and for all those in the +Catholic Faith. + + +PRAYER FOR THE LIVING + +Be mindful, O Lord, of Your servants (name those for whom you wish to +pray especially), and all who are now hearing this Mass. Hear, O Lord, +the prayers they are offering for themselves, their friends and their +families. + + +THE CONSECRATION OF THE HOST + +The priest now bends low over the host and says: + + THIS IS MY BODY + +At these words, the bread is changed into the body of Our Lord. The bell +rings. The priest kneels and then raises the Sacred Body of Our Lord. +Now look at the Sacred Host and say: My Lord and my God. Then bow your +head as the priest kneels again. + + +THE CONSECRATION OF THE WINE + +The priest bends over the chalice and says: + + THIS IS THE CHALICE OF MY BLOOD + +At these words, the wine becomes the Precious Blood of Our Lord. The +bell rings. The priest kneels and then raises the chalice. Now the +priest continues to pray silently. Look at the chalice and say: Jesus in +the Blessed Sacrament, have mercy on us. + +The priest kneels. The bell rings again. The priest prays silently. + + +PRAYER FOR THE DEAD + +Remember also, O Lord, Your servants (here name dead relatives and +friends) who have gone before us with the sign of faith and sleep the +sleep of peace. + +Now the priest says the "Pater Noster." Say the "Our Father." + +Soon after the priest strikes his breast and says the "Agnus Dei." + + +THE PRIEST'S COMMUNION + +The priest after saying some prayers silently, takes the Sacred Host and +paten in his left hand and striking his breast with the right hand says +(the bell rings three times): + +*O Lord, I am not worthy that You should enter under my roof. Say but +the word and my soul shall be healed. + +The priest bows down and receives the Body of Our Lord. He remains in +prayer for a short time. Then he uncovers the chalice and drinks the +Sacred Blood of Our Lord. + + +THE COMMUNION OF THE PEOPLE + +The priest now opens the tabernacle and takes out the Blessed Sacrament +to give holy communion to the people. Turning to the people and holding +the ciborium in his left hand, he lifts up a Sacred Host to the people +in his right hand. Now say with the priest three times: + +"Lord, I am not worthy that You should enter my soul; say but the word +and my soul shall be healed." + + +AFTER THE COMMUNION + +Having replaced the Blessed Sacrament in the tabernacle, the priest +after taking water and wine, covers the chalice and goes to the right +side of the altar to read from the book. Then going back to the middle +he turns to the people and says: + +The Lord be with you. +And with your spirit. + +Then the priest again goes to the right side of the altar and reads: + + +THE PRAYERS AFTER COMMUNION + +*Let us pray: We have been filled with Your gifts, O Lord. Grant that +they may make us clean and strong. May the gift of this divine Sacrament +keep us pure, O Lord. Through the help of the Blessed Virgin, of St. +Joseph, of Sts. Peter and Paul and all the saints, may it free us from +all evil. + +The priest goes back to the middle of the altar and turning to the +people says: + +The Lord be with you. +And with your spirit. + +Go, the Mass is ended. +Thanks be to God. + + +THE BLESSING + +The priest bows down and says a prayer. Then turning to the people he +blesses them saying: + +May almighty God, the Father, Son, and Holy Ghost, bless you. Amen. + +The priest goes to the left side of the altar. + +Stand + +The Lord be with you. +And with your spirit. + + +THE LAST GOSPEL + +The priest makes a cross on forehead, lips, and breast, and says the +Gospel of St. John. + +Remain standing until the priest has left the sanctuary or kneels down +to say the prayers after Mass. + + + +THE RIGHT MANNER OF CONFESSING + + +[From Father Finn's Prayer Book for Catholic Youth.] + + +PRAYER BEFORE EXAMINING YOUR CONSCIENCE + +O Holy Spirit, help me to know all my sins. Help me to remember that +Jesus died for me. Help me to make a good confession and I promise that +I will try never to sin again. + +Now think of your sins. + + +PRAYER BEFORE ENTERING THE CONFESSIONAL + +O God, I am very sorry for all my sins. I promise that I will try to be +good and never again to hurt You by sin. Dear Jesus, help me. Mother of +God, pray that I may please Your Son by true sorrow for my sins. + +When your turn comes, go into the confession box. Make the Sign of the +Cross and wait till the priest opens the little door. Say what you have +been taught to say. Or you may say this: + +Bless me, Father, for I have sinned. It is (say how long) since my last +confession. Since then I have committed these sins. + +Now tell all your sins and how many times you committed each. If there +is something you don't know how to tell, just say, "Please help me, +Father," and the priest will help you. After you have told all your +sins, say what you have been taught to say. Or you may say: + +That is all, Father. + +In case you have no big sins to confess, it is well to end your +confession with: "In my past life I sinned through anger or impurity" +(or some sin that you know you did and that you are sorry for). + +The priest tells you what prayers to say for a penance. Then he tells +you to say the Act of Contrition. When you come out, kneel down near the +altar. Say your penance at once. Then thank God for being so good to +you. + + + +COMMUNION PRAYERS + + +ACTS BEFORE COMMUNION + +Act of Faith. Jesus Christ, my Sovereign Lord, I firmly believe that +Thou art really present in the Holy Eucharist, and that it is Thy body, +Thy blood, Thy soul, and Thy divinity that I shall receive in that +Adorable Sacrament. + +Act of Hope. Thou hast said, O my God, that those hoping in Thee shall +never be confounded. I place all my confidence in Thy promises, and I +hope that, having nourished myself with Thy body on earth, I shall have +the happiness of seeing and possessing Thee eternally in heaven. + +Act of Love. O my divine Jesus, Who hast so loved me as to nourish me +with Thy adorable flesh, I love Thee with all my heart and above all +things; I wish to live and die in Thy holy love. + +Act of Humility. My Saviour and my God, Thou art all sanctity. I am not +worthy that Thou shouldst enter my heart; yet, speak but the word and my +soul shall be healed. + +Act of Desire. My soul desires Thee, O my God! Thou art its joy and +happiness. Come, O divine Jesus, come into my heart; it desires ardently +to receive Thee. + + +ACTS AFTER COMMUNION + +Act of Adoration. I adore Thee, O Jesus, as the Lamb of God immolated +for the salvation of mankind. I join in the profound adoration which the +angels and saints pay to Thee in heaven. + +Act of Thanksgiving. Lord, Thou hast looked on my unworthiness. I was +sick, and Thou hast healed me. I was poor, and Thou hast bestowed upon +me Thy numberless benefits. How shall I be able to thank Thee, O my +Lord, for all Thy favors? I will invoke Thy holy name, and eternally +sing Thy mercies. + +Act of Offering. What can I offer Thee, O my God, for the grace of +having given Thyself to me? I consecrate to Thy glory my body, my soul, +and all that I possess! Dispose of me according to Thy holy will. + +Act of Petition. My divine Redeemer, Thou hast taken possession of me. +Do not let the enemy of my salvation ravish the precious treasure I bear +in my heart. Preserve me from all sin, and defend me against temptation, +that I may persevere until death in the practice of Thy holy law. Amen. + + + +THE ROSARY OF THE BLESSED VIRGIN + + +THE FIVE JOYFUL MYSTERIES +(Assigned for Mondays and Thursdays throughout the year, the Sundays of +Advent, and after Epiphany until Lent.) + +First Mystery. The Annunciation. +Second Mystery. The Visitation. +Third Mystery. The Nativity. +Fourth Mystery. The Presentation. +Fifth Mystery. The Finding of the Child Jesus in the Temple. + + +THE FIVE SORROWFUL MYSTERIES +(For Tuesdays and Fridays throughout the year, and Sundays in Lent.) + +First Mystery. The Prayer and Bloody Sweat of our blessed Saviour in the +Garden. +Second Mystery. The Scourging of Jesus at the Pillar. +Third Mystery. The Crowning of Jesus with Thorns. +Fourth Mystery. Jesus Carrying His Cross. +Fifth Mystery. The Crucifixion. + + +THE FIVE GLORIOUS MYSTERIES +(For Wednesdays and Saturdays throughout the year, and Sundays after +Easter until after Advent.) + +First Mystery. The Resurrection. +Second Mystery. The Ascension. +Third Mystery. The Descent of the Holy Ghost. +Fourth Mystery. The Assumption. +Fifth Mystery. The Crowning of the Blessed Virgin. + + + +THE STATIONS OF THE CROSS + + +A plenary indulgence can be gained each time one makes the Stations, +subject to the usual conditions. + +To make the Stations and gain the indulgences, no special prayer is +required. We have but to begin at the first Station and go around to the +last, thinking devoutly of the Passion and Death of Christ. + + + +HYMNS + + +Come, Holy Ghost, Creator Blest + +1. Come, Holy Ghost, Creator blest, +And in our hearts take up Thy rest; +Come with Thy grace and heavenly aid +|| To fill the hearts which Thou hast made. || + +2. O Comforter, to Thee we cry, +Thou heavenly Gift of God most high, +Thou Fount of life and Fire of love, +|| And sweet Anointing from above. || + +3. Praise we the Father and the Son, +And Holy Spirit with them One; +And may the Son on us bestow +|| The gifts that from the Spirit flow. || + + +O Salutaris + +1. O Salutaris Hostia! + Quae coeli pandis ostium: +Bella premunt hostilia, + Da robur, fer auxilium. + +2. Uni trinoque Domino + Sit sempiterna gloria, +Qui vitam sine termino + Nobis donet in Patria. Amen. + + +Tantum Ergo + +1. Tantum ergo Sacramentum + Veneremur cernui; +Et antiquum documentum + Novo cedat ritui; +Praestet fides supplementum + Sensuum defectui. + +2. Genitori, Genitoque + Laus et jubilatio, +Salus, honor, virtus quoque + Sit et benedictio; +Procedenti ab utroque + Compar sit laudatio. Amen. + +V. Panem de coelo praestitisti eis, +R. Omne delectamentum in se habentem. + + +Adeste Fideles + +1. Adeste, fideles, +Laeti triumphantes; +Venite, venite in Bethlehem; +Natum videte +Regem Angelorum, +Venite, adoremus, +Venite, adoremus, +Venite, adoremus Dominum. + +2. Deum de Deo, +Lumen de lumine, +Gestant puellae viscera; +Deum verum, +Genitum non factum, +Venite, etc. + +3. Cantet nunc Io! +Chorus Angelorum; +Cantet nunc aula coelestium. +Gloria +In excelsis Deo, +Venite, etc. + +4. Ergo, qui natus +Die hodierna, +Jesu! tibi sit gloria, +Patris aeterni +Verbum caro factum, +Venite, etc. + + +Jesus, My Lord, My God +(REV. F. W. FABER) + +1. Jesus, my Lord, my God, my all! + How can I love Thee as I ought? +And how revere this wondrous gift, + So far surpassing hope or thought? + +CHORUS.--Sweet Sacrament! we Thee adore, +Oh, make us love Thee more and more, +Oh, make us love Thee more and more. + +2. Had I but Mary's sinless heart + To love Thee with, my dearest King, +Oh, with what bursts of fervent praise + Thy goodness, Jesus, would I sing! + + +To Jesus' Heart All Burning +(REV. A. J. CHRISTIE, S.J.) + +1. To Jesus' Heart, all burning + With fervent love for men, +My heart with fondest yearning + Shall raise the joyful strain. + +CHORUS.--While ages course along, +Blest be with loudest song +|| The Sacred Heart of Jesus +By every heart and tongued. || + +2. O Heart for me on fire + With love no man can speak, +My yet untold desire + God gives me for Thy sake. + +3. Too true I have forsaken + Thy flock by wilful sin; +Yet now let me be taken + Back to Thy fold again. + + +Jesus, Gentlest Saviour +(REV. F. W. FABER) + +1. Jesus, gentlest Saviour! + God of might and power; +Thou Thyself art dwelling + In us at this hour. +Nature cannot hold Thee, + Heav'n is all too strait +For Thine endless glory, + And Thy royal state. + +2. Out beyond the shining + Of the farthest star, +Thou art ever stretching + Infinitely far. +Yet the hearts of children + Hold what worlds cannot, +And the God of wonders + Loves the lowly spot. + + +Jesus! Saviour of My Soul + +1. Jesus! Saviour of my soul, + Let me to Thy refuge fly, +While the nearer waters roll, + While the tempest still is nigh. + +CHORUS.--Hide me, O my Saviour, hide + Till the storm of life is past; +Safe into Thy haven guide, + O receive my soul at last. +Jesus! Saviour of my soul, + Let me to Thy refuge fly; +Ave, Ave, Jesus mild, + Deign to hear Thy lowly child. + +2. Other refuge have I none, + Hangs my helpless soul on Thee, +Leave, oh, leave me not alone, + Still support and strengthen me. + + +Jesus, the Very Thought of Thee +(REV. E. CASWALL) + +1. Jesus, the very thought of Thee + With rapture fills my breast; +But sweeter far Thy Face to see, + And in Thy presence rest. + +2. Nor voice can sing, nor heart can frame, + Nor can the mem'ry find +A sweeter sound than Thy blest Name, + O Saviour of mankind! + +3. Jesus, our only joy be Thou, + As Thou our prize wilt be; +O Jesus, be our glory now + And through eternity. + + +What Happiness Can Equal Mine? +(REV. F. W. FABER) + +1. What happiness can equal mine? + I've found the object of my love: +My Jesus dear, my King Divine, + Is come to me from heav'n above; +He chose my heart for His abode, + He there becomes my daily bread; +There on me flows His healing blood; + There with His flesh my soul is fed. + +CHORUS.--What happiness can equal mine? + I've found the object of my love: +My Jesus dear, my King Divine, + Is come to me from heav'n above. + +2. I am my love's, and He is mine: + In me He dwells, in Him I live; +What greater treasures could I find? + And could, ye heavens, a greater give? +O sacred banquet, heav'nly feast! + O overflowing source of grace, +Where God the food, and man, the guest, + Meet and unite in sweet embrace! + + +The Love of Jesus + +1. O the priceless love of Jesus: + O the strength of grace divine; +All His gifts are showered upon me, + All His blessings may be mine. +He is throned in Heavenly glory + Where no sin nor death can be; +Yet He loves me in this darkness, + Yet He does not turn from me. + +2. I am blind, and poor, and wretched, + By temptations sorely tried; +Yet His watchful care abounding + Keeps me ever at His side. +He is God and King Eternal, + Higher than all height can be; +Yet His Heart is with me always, + Yet He stoopeth down to me. + + +Holy God, We Praise Thy Name +(REV. C. WALWORTH) + +1. Holy God, we praise Thy name, + Lord of all, we bow before Thee! +All on earth Thy sceptre claim, + All in heav'n above adore Thee. +|| Infinite Thy vast domain, +Everlasting is Thy name. || + +2. Hark! the loud celestial hymn, + Angel choirs above are raising! +Cherubim and Seraphim, + In unceasing chorus praising. +|| Fill the heavens with sweet accord; + Holy! Holy! Holy Lord. || + + +Hail, Heavenly Queen! + +1. Hail, heavenly Queen! Hail, foamy ocean star! +O be our guide, diffuse thy beams afar; +Hail, Mother of God! above all virgins blest, +Hail, happy gate of heav'n's eternal rest. + +CHORUS.--Hail foamy ocean star! Hail, heav'nly Queen! +|| O be our guide to endless joys unseen. || + +2. "Hail, full of grace," with Gabriel we repeat; +Thee, Queen of heav'n, from him we learn to greet; +Then give us peace which heav'n alone can give, +And dead thro' Eve, thro' Mary let us live. + + +Mother Dear, Oh, Pray for Me + +1. Mother dear, oh, pray for me, + Whilst far from heav'n and thee +I wander in a fragile bark, + O'er life's tempestuous sea; +O Virgin Mother, from thy throne, + So bright in bliss above, +Protect thy child and cheer my path, + With thy sweet smile of love. + +CHORUS.--Mother dear, remember me, + And never cease thy care, +Till in heaven eternally + Thy love and bliss I share. + +2. Mother dear, oh, pray for me, + Should pleasure's siren lay +E'er tempt thy child to wander far + From virtue's path away; +When thorns beset life's devious way, + And darkling waters flow, +Then, Mary, aid thy weeping child, + Thyself a mother show. + + +Ora Pro Me + +1. Ave Maria! bright and pure, + Hear, O hear me when I pray, +Pains and pleasures try the pilgrim + On his long and dreary way. +Fears and perils are around me, +Ave Maria! bright and pure, + Ore pro me, ora pro me. + +2. Ave Maria! Queen of Heaven, + Teach, O teach me to obey, +Lead me on, tho' fierce temptations + Stand and meet me in the way. +When I fail and faint, my Mother, +Ave Maria! bright and pure, + Ora pro me, ora pro me. + + +I'll Sing a Hymn to Mary +(REV. FR. WYSE) + +I'll sing a hymn to Mary, + The Mother of my God, +The Virgin of all Virgins, + Of David's royal blood. +Oh, teach me, holy Mary + A loving song to frame, +When wicked men blaspheme thee + To love and bless thy name. + +When troubles dark afflict me + In sorrow and in care, +Thy light doth ever guide me + O beauteous Morning Star. +Lo, I'll be ever ready + Thy goodly help to claim, +When wicked men blaspheme thee + I'll love and bless thy name. + + +Daily, Daily Sing to Mary + +1. Daily, daily sing to Mary + Sing, my soul, her praises due; +All her feasts, her actions worship, + With the heart's devotion true. +Lost in wond'ring contemplation, + Be her majesty confess'd; +Call her Mother, call her Virgin, + Happy Mother, Virgin blest. + +2. She is mighty to deliver; + Call her, trust her lovingly; +When the tempest rages round thee, + She will calm the troubled sea. +Gifts of heaven she has given, + Noble Lady, to our race; +She the Queen who decks her subject, + With the light of God's own grace. + + +Hymn to St. Joseph + +1. With grateful hearts we breathe to-day + The tender accents of our love. +We carol forth a little lay + To thee, great saint in heaven above. + +CHORUS.--O Joseph dear, from thy bright throne, + Incline thine ear unto our prayer. +And o'er us all as o'er thine own, + Extend thy fond paternal care, +And o'er us all as o'er thine own, + Extend thy fond paternal care, +Extend thy fond paternal care. + +2. More favored than earth's greatest king. + Thou wert the guardian of that Child, +Around whose crib full choirs did sing, + With cadenced voices soft and mild. + + +Dear Guardian of Mary +(REV. F. W. FABER) + +1. Dear Guardian of Mary! dear nurse of her child! +Life's ways are full weary, the desert is wild; +Bleak sands are all round us, no home can we see; +Sweet Spouse of our Lady! we lean upon thee. + +2. For thou to the pilgrim art father and guide, +And Jesus and Mary felt safe at thy side; +Ah! blessed Saint Joseph, how safe should I be, +Sweet Spouse of our Lady! if thou wert with me. + + +Dear Angel, Ever at My Side +(REV. F. W. FABER) + +1. Dear Angel, ever at my side, + How loving must thou be, +To leave thy home in heaven to guide + A little child like me. + +2. Thy beautiful and shining face + I see not, though so near; +The sweetness of thy soft, low voice + I am too deaf to hear. + + +Hymn at the Communion + +O Lord, I am not worthy + That Thou shouldst come to me, +But speak the words of comfort, + My spirit healed shall be. + +And humbly I'll receive Thee, + The bridegroom of my soul, +No more by sin to grieve Thee, + Or fly Thy sweet control. + + + + + +End of Project Gutenberg's Baltimore Catechism No. 2 (of 4), by Anonymous + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK BALTIMORE CATECHISM NO. 2 (OF 4) *** + +***** This file should be named 14552.txt or 14552.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/1/4/5/5/14552/ + +Produced by Dennis McCarthy + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. Special rules, +set forth in the General Terms of Use part of this license, apply to +copying and distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works to +protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm concept and trademark. Project +Gutenberg is a registered trademark, and may not be used if you +charge for the eBooks, unless you receive specific permission. If you +do not charge anything for copies of this eBook, complying with the +rules is very easy. You may use this eBook for nearly any purpose +such as creation of derivative works, reports, performances and +research. They may be modified and printed and given away--you may do +practically ANYTHING with public domain eBooks. Redistribution is +subject to the trademark license, especially commercial +redistribution. + + + +*** START: FULL LICENSE *** + +THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE +PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK + +To protect the Project Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting the free +distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work +(or any other work associated in any way with the phrase "Project +Gutenberg"), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full Project +Gutenberg-tm License (available with this file or online at +https://gutenberg.org/license). + + +Section 1. General Terms of Use and Redistributing Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic works + +1.A. By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree to +and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property +(trademark/copyright) agreement. If you do not agree to abide by all +the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or destroy +all copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in your possession. +If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic work and you do not agree to be bound by the +terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from the person or +entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in paragraph 1.E.8. + +1.B. "Project Gutenberg" is a registered trademark. It may only be +used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people who +agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement. There are a few +things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works +even without complying with the full terms of this agreement. See +paragraph 1.C below. There are a lot of things you can do with Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic works if you follow the terms of this agreement +and help preserve free future access to Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works. See paragraph 1.E below. + +1.C. The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation ("the Foundation" +or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the collection of Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic works. Nearly all the individual works in the +collection are in the public domain in the United States. If an +individual work is in the public domain in the United States and you are +located in the United States, we do not claim a right to prevent you from +copying, distributing, performing, displaying or creating derivative +works based on the work as long as all references to Project Gutenberg +are removed. Of course, we hope that you will support the Project +Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting free access to electronic works by +freely sharing Project Gutenberg-tm works in compliance with the terms of +this agreement for keeping the Project Gutenberg-tm name associated with +the work. You can easily comply with the terms of this agreement by +keeping this work in the same format with its attached full Project +Gutenberg-tm License when you share it without charge with others. + +1.D. The copyright laws of the place where you are located also govern +what you can do with this work. Copyright laws in most countries are in +a constant state of change. If you are outside the United States, check +the laws of your country in addition to the terms of this agreement +before downloading, copying, displaying, performing, distributing or +creating derivative works based on this work or any other Project +Gutenberg-tm work. The Foundation makes no representations concerning +the copyright status of any work in any country outside the United +States. + +1.E. Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg: + +1.E.1. The following sentence, with active links to, or other immediate +access to, the full Project Gutenberg-tm License must appear prominently +whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg-tm work (any work on which the +phrase "Project Gutenberg" appears, or with which the phrase "Project +Gutenberg" is associated) is accessed, displayed, performed, viewed, +copied or distributed: + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + +1.E.2. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is derived +from the public domain (does not contain a notice indicating that it is +posted with permission of the copyright holder), the work can be copied +and distributed to anyone in the United States without paying any fees +or charges. If you are redistributing or providing access to a work +with the phrase "Project Gutenberg" associated with or appearing on the +work, you must comply either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1 +through 1.E.7 or obtain permission for the use of the work and the +Project Gutenberg-tm trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or +1.E.9. + +1.E.3. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is posted +with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution +must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any additional +terms imposed by the copyright holder. Additional terms will be linked +to the Project Gutenberg-tm License for all works posted with the +permission of the copyright holder found at the beginning of this work. + +1.E.4. Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project Gutenberg-tm +License terms from this work, or any files containing a part of this +work or any other work associated with Project Gutenberg-tm. + +1.E.5. Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this +electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without +prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with +active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project +Gutenberg-tm License. + +1.E.6. You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary, +compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form, including any +word processing or hypertext form. However, if you provide access to or +distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg-tm work in a format other than +"Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other format used in the official version +posted on the official Project Gutenberg-tm web site (www.gutenberg.org), +you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense to the user, provide a +copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means of obtaining a copy upon +request, of the work in its original "Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other +form. Any alternate format must include the full Project Gutenberg-tm +License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1. + +1.E.7. Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying, +performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg-tm works +unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9. + +1.E.8. You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing +access to or distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works provided +that + +- You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from + the use of Project Gutenberg-tm works calculated using the method + you already use to calculate your applicable taxes. The fee is + owed to the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark, but he + has agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to the + Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation. Royalty payments + must be paid within 60 days following each date on which you + prepare (or are legally required to prepare) your periodic tax + returns. Royalty payments should be clearly marked as such and + sent to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation at the + address specified in Section 4, "Information about donations to + the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation." + +- You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who notifies + you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that s/he + does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg-tm + License. You must require such a user to return or + destroy all copies of the works possessed in a physical medium + and discontinue all use of and all access to other copies of + Project Gutenberg-tm works. + +- You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of any + money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in the + electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90 days + of receipt of the work. + +- You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free + distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm works. + +1.E.9. If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic work or group of works on different terms than are set +forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing from +both the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation and Michael +Hart, the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark. Contact the +Foundation as set forth in Section 3 below. + +1.F. + +1.F.1. Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend considerable +effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe and proofread +public domain works in creating the Project Gutenberg-tm +collection. Despite these efforts, Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works, and the medium on which they may be stored, may contain +"Defects," such as, but not limited to, incomplete, inaccurate or +corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other intellectual +property infringement, a defective or damaged disk or other medium, a +computer virus, or computer codes that damage or cannot be read by +your equipment. + +1.F.2. LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Except for the "Right +of Replacement or Refund" described in paragraph 1.F.3, the Project +Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner of the Project +Gutenberg-tm trademark, and any other party distributing a Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic work under this agreement, disclaim all +liability to you for damages, costs and expenses, including legal +fees. YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT +LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE +PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH F3. YOU AGREE THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE +TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE +LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR +INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH +DAMAGE. + +1.F.3. LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you discover a +defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it, you can +receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by sending a +written explanation to the person you received the work from. If you +received the work on a physical medium, you must return the medium with +your written explanation. The person or entity that provided you with +the defective work may elect to provide a replacement copy in lieu of a +refund. If you received the work electronically, the person or entity +providing it to you may choose to give you a second opportunity to +receive the work electronically in lieu of a refund. If the second copy +is also defective, you may demand a refund in writing without further +opportunities to fix the problem. + +1.F.4. Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth +in paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you 'AS-IS' WITH NO OTHER +WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO +WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTIBILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE. + +1.F.5. Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied +warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of damages. +If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement violates the +law of the state applicable to this agreement, the agreement shall be +interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or limitation permitted by +the applicable state law. The invalidity or unenforceability of any +provision of this agreement shall not void the remaining provisions. + +1.F.6. INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the Foundation, the +trademark owner, any agent or employee of the Foundation, anyone +providing copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in accordance +with this agreement, and any volunteers associated with the production, +promotion and distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works, +harmless from all liability, costs and expenses, including legal fees, +that arise directly or indirectly from any of the following which you do +or cause to occur: (a) distribution of this or any Project Gutenberg-tm +work, (b) alteration, modification, or additions or deletions to any +Project Gutenberg-tm work, and (c) any Defect you cause. + + +Section 2. Information about the Mission of Project Gutenberg-tm + +Project Gutenberg-tm is synonymous with the free distribution of +electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of computers +including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers. It exists +because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and donations from +people in all walks of life. + +Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the +assistance they need, is critical to reaching Project Gutenberg-tm's +goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg-tm collection will +remain freely available for generations to come. In 2001, the Project +Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a secure +and permanent future for Project Gutenberg-tm and future generations. +To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation +and how your efforts and donations can help, see Sections 3 and 4 +and the Foundation web page at https://www.pglaf.org. + + +Section 3. Information about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive +Foundation + +The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non profit +501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the +state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal +Revenue Service. The Foundation's EIN or federal tax identification +number is 64-6221541. Its 501(c)(3) letter is posted at +https://pglaf.org/fundraising. Contributions to the Project Gutenberg +Literary Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent +permitted by U.S. federal laws and your state's laws. + +The Foundation's principal office is located at 4557 Melan Dr. S. +Fairbanks, AK, 99712., but its volunteers and employees are scattered +throughout numerous locations. Its business office is located at +809 North 1500 West, Salt Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887, email +business@pglaf.org. Email contact links and up to date contact +information can be found at the Foundation's web site and official +page at https://pglaf.org + +For additional contact information: + Dr. Gregory B. Newby + Chief Executive and Director + gbnewby@pglaf.org + + +Section 4. Information about Donations to the Project Gutenberg +Literary Archive Foundation + +Project Gutenberg-tm depends upon and cannot survive without wide +spread public support and donations to carry out its mission of +increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can be +freely distributed in machine readable form accessible by the widest +array of equipment including outdated equipment. Many small donations +($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax exempt +status with the IRS. + +The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating +charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United +States. Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a +considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and keep up +with these requirements. We do not solicit donations in locations +where we have not received written confirmation of compliance. To +SEND DONATIONS or determine the status of compliance for any +particular state visit https://pglaf.org + +While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where we +have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no prohibition +against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in such states who +approach us with offers to donate. + +International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make +any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from +outside the United States. U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff. + +Please check the Project Gutenberg Web pages for current donation +methods and addresses. Donations are accepted in a number of other +ways including including checks, online payments and credit card +donations. To donate, please visit: https://pglaf.org/donate + + +Section 5. General Information About Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works. + +Professor Michael S. Hart was the originator of the Project Gutenberg-tm +concept of a library of electronic works that could be freely shared +with anyone. For thirty years, he produced and distributed Project +Gutenberg-tm eBooks with only a loose network of volunteer support. + + +Project Gutenberg-tm eBooks are often created from several printed +editions, all of which are confirmed as Public Domain in the U.S. +unless a copyright notice is included. Thus, we do not necessarily +keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper edition. + + +Most people start at our Web site which has the main PG search facility: + + https://www.gutenberg.org + +This Web site includes information about Project Gutenberg-tm, +including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary +Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to +subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks. diff --git a/old/14552.zip b/old/14552.zip Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..c7c617b --- /dev/null +++ b/old/14552.zip |