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diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6833f05 --- /dev/null +++ b/.gitattributes @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +* text=auto +*.txt text +*.md text diff --git a/14383-0.txt b/14383-0.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..2e362fc --- /dev/null +++ b/14383-0.txt @@ -0,0 +1,4895 @@ +*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 14383 *** + +THE AMERICAN MISSIONARY +DECEMBER, 1888 +VOL. XLII. NO. 12 + + + + + + + +CONTENTS + + +EDITORIAL + +THE ANNUAL MEETING +THE DANIEL HAND EDUCATIONAL FUND + FOR COLORED PEOPLE +THE ANNOUNCEMENT OF THE GIFT +SKETCH OF MR. HAND'S LIFE +THE DEED OF TRUST +SUGGESTIONS +PILGRIM'S LETTERS +PARAGRAPHS + + +ANNUAL MEETING. + +PROCEEDINGS OF ANNUAL MEETING +SUMMARY OF TREASURER'S REPORT +REPORTS OF COMMITTEES +MEMORIAL SERVICE +THE AMERICAN FREEDMEN AS FACTORS + IN AFRICAN EVANGELIZATION, BY + SECRETARY STRIEBY +THE HOPEFULNESS OF INDIAN MISSIONS + AS SEEN IN THE LIGHT OF HISTORY. + BY SECRETARY BEARD + + +BUREAU OF WOMAN'S WORK. + +REPORT OF SECRETARY + + +RECEIPTS. + + * * * * * + +NEW YORK: + +Published by the American Missionary Association. +Rooms, 56 Reade Street. + + * * * * * + +Price, 50 Cents a Year, in Advance. + +Entered at the Post Office at New York, N.Y., as second-class matter. + + * * * * * + +American Missionary Association. + + * * * * * + +PRESIDENT, REV. WM. M. TAYLOR, D.D., LL.D., N.Y. + + +Vice-Presidents. + +Rev. A.J.F. BEHRENDS, D.D., N.Y. +Rev. F.A. NOBLE, D.D., Ill. +Rev. ALEX. McKENZIE, D.D., Mass. +Rev. D.O. MEARS, D.D., Mass. +REV. HENRY HOPKINS, D.D., MO. + + +Corresponding Secretaries. + +Rev. M.E. STRIEBY, D.D., 56 Reade Street, N.Y. +Rev. A.F. BEARD, D.D., 56 Reade Street, N.Y. + + +Recording Secretary. REV. M.E. STRIEBY, D.D. + + +Treasurer. + +H.W. HUBBARD, Esq., 56 Reade Street, N.Y. + + +Auditors. + +PETER McCARTEE. +CHAS. P. PEIRCE. + + +Executive Committee. + +JOHN H. WASHBURN, Chairman. +ADDISON P. FOSTER, Secretary. + +For Three Years. + J.E. RANKIN, + WM. H. WARD, + J.W. COOPER, + JOHN H. WASHBURN, + EDMUND L. CHAMPLIN. + +For Two Years. + LYMAN ABBOTT, + CHARLES A. HULL, + J.R. DANFORTH, + CLINTON B. FISK, + ADDISON P. FOSTER. + +For One Year. + S.B. HALLIDAY, + SAMUEL HOLMES, + SAMUEL S. MARPLES, + CHARLES L. MEAD, + ELBERT B. MONROE. + + +District Secretaries. + +Rev. C.J. RYDER, 21 Cong'l House, Boston. +Rev. J.E. ROY, D.D., 151 Washington Street, Chicago. + + +Financial Secretary for Indian Missions. + +Rev. CHAS. W. SHELTON. + + +Secretary of Woman's Bureau. + +Miss D.E. EMERSON, 56 Reade St., N.Y. + + * * * * * + +COMMUNICATIONS + +Relating to the work of the Association may be addressed to the +Corresponding Secretaries; letters for "THE AMERICAN MISSIONARY," to +the Editor, at the New York Office. + + +DONATIONS AND SUBSCRIPTIONS + +In drafts, checks, registered letters, or post-office orders, may be +sent to H.W. Hubbard, Treasurer, 56 Reade Street, New York, or, when +more convenient, to either of the Branch Offices, 21 Congregational +House, Boston, Mass, or 151 Washington Street, Chicago, Ill. A payment +of thirty dollars at one time constitutes a Life Member. + +NOTICE TO SUBSCRIBERS.--The date on the "address label," indicates the +time to which the subscription is paid. Changes are made in date on label +to the 10th of each month. If payment of subscription be made afterward, +the change on the label will appear a month later. Please send early +notice of change in post-office address, giving the former address and +the new address, in order that our periodicals and occasional papers may +be correctly mailed. + + +FORM OF A BEQUEST + +"I BEQUEATH to my executor (or executors) the sum of ---- dollars, in +trust, to pay the same in ---- days after my decease to the person who, +when the same is payable, shall act as Treasurer of the 'American +Missionary Association,' of New York City, to be applied, under the +direction of the Executive Committee of the Association, to its +charitable uses and purposes." The Will should be attested by three +witnesses. + + * * * * * + +THE + +AMERICAN MISSIONARY. + + * * * * * + +VOL. XLII. DECEMBER, 1888. No. 12. + + * * * * * + +American Missionary Association. + + * * * * * + +OUR ANNUAL MEETING. + +The Annual Meeting at Providence, R.I., will long be remembered in the +annals of this Association. Its general characteristics were +earnestness and enthusiasm. The interest did not flag from the +beginning to the end. We were glad to welcome our newly-elected +President, Rev. Wm. M. Taylor, D.D., who, by his dignity and facility +as a presiding officer, as well as by his able addresses, added largely +to the interest of the meeting. The sermon of Dr. Little was an uplift +at the outset; the Memorial Service for Dr. Powell was a loving tribute +to his memory; the papers read were of a high order, and dealt in a +practical way with living themes bearing on the work of the +Association; the reports on the several departments of that work were +discriminating, and showed a mastery of the subjects reviewed; and the +addresses of Drs. Mears, Behrends and Taylor, on the last evening were, +by their fervor, their broad range of thought and spiritual power, a +fitting close for the whole series of meetings. + +But the marked and peculiar feature of the occasion was the +announcement of the munificent gift of Mr. Daniel Hand, of more than a +million of dollars, to aid the Association in its efforts for the +colored people of the South. This event, so inspiring in its immediate +effect, and so far-reaching and permanent in its beneficial results, +deserves full and special mention. + + * * * * * + +THE DANIEL HAND EDUCATIONAL FUND FOR COLORED PEOPLE. + +The gift of more than a million of dollars by Mr. Hand for the +education of the colored people of the South, was a noble deed--alike +patriotic, philanthropic and Christian. The gift was wisely made. It +was after mature deliberation; it was during his lifetime, and thus +avoids the possibility of future litigation; it is bestowed upon a race +with whose wants Mr. Hand had become thoroughly familiar; it was given +to a Society that from the first, amid obloquy and danger, has been +true to the colored man; and it is made a permanent fund, the income +only to be used, thus securing its perpetual usefulness. + +The conditions of the grant are simple, easily applicable, practical +and not liable to render the fund inoperative by any change of +circumstances. It aims simply to give to the colored people a training +that will fit them for every day life, or to become teachers of their +race. Hence it will be confined to primary, industrial and normal +education. We have no doubt that Mr. Hand values the missionary future +of the African in his native land; that he realizes the importance of +his religious training in this country, and that he appreciates the +need of the higher education of a portion of the race; but his gift, +large as it is, cannot cover everything, and he has, therefore, wisely +chosen the definite sphere in which his money shall accomplish its +work. Opportunity is thus given others equally liberal to provide for +other parts of the great work to be done for the negro race. + +Mr. Hand may not live long enough to see for many years the practical +working of his far-reaching gift, but generation after generation of +the Negroes of the South will rise up to call him blessed. + + * * * * * + +THE ANNOUNCEMENT OF THE GIFT. + +[Abridged from the _Providence Journal_.] + +The Address of Secretary Strieby. + +It is my privilege, and I esteem it a great honor, to be called upon to +announce one of the most surprising and gratifying facts, financially +considered at least, that has ever occurred in the history of this +Association. The American Missionary Association has this week received +the largest gift ever made in this country by a living donor to a +benevolent society. Daniel Hand, an aged resident of Guilford, Conn., +formerly a merchant in the South, has given to the Association +$1,000,894.25, in interest-bearing securities, to be held in trust and +known as "THE DANIEL HAND EDUCATIONAL FUND FOR COLORED PEOPLE," the +income only to be used for the education of colored people in the +Southern States. Mr. Hand, having made his money in the South, and +having seen the ignorance and consequent disadvantages of the colored +people there, felt that he could not use it better than in providing +for their education, and has chosen to entrust to the American +Missionary Association, whose work is so largely devoted to the +elevation of that people, the care of this magnificent gift, and the +disbursement of its income in accordance with the provisions of the +trust. + + * * * * * + +This announcement was received with great enthusiasm, which was +prolonged for several minutes, and the most intense excitement +prevailed. An address was then given by John H. Washburn, Esq., +Chairman of the Executive Committee, after which Rev. Dr. Mears made an +address, which was followed by the singing of the Doxology with great +fervor and emphasis. + + * * * * * + +Remarks by Mr. John H. Washburn. + +Mr. President.--The last few years have been remarkable in gifts and +legacies. Some have endowed colleges and universities; some, as in this +case, have been for the benefit of a peculiar race, but no one in his +own lifetime has ever selected a benevolent association as beneficiary, +and endowed it with such a munificent gift as Daniel Hand has bestowed +upon the American Missionary Association. He was, it seems to me, wise +in choosing this course. Others have seen fit to put their funds in the +hands of trustees organized and incorporated to hold the trust. He +might have done that, but what would have been the gain over the +present plan? Those trustees must have availed themselves, as the +trustees of the Peabody Fund and the trustees of the Slater Fund are +compelled to do, of existing organizations for knowing the needs of the +people; where and how the money can be used to the best advantage. Mr. +Hand availed himself of an organization ready to his hand, one whose +agents are better qualified to judge of the needs of the people, the +plans to be pursued, the work to be done, than any other organization +in this country. + +Now the first thought of the executive officers and committee in +receiving this magnificent gift is gratitude to God, who put it into +the heart of this man to entrust to us such great means of usefulness +for the people for which we labor. But there is a second thought; is +this gift to be a blessing to us or a curse? That depends upon our +constituents, the men and women personally, and on the churches, not on +the officers of the Association. How do you, the individual givers to +this Association, regard this gift? Every special gift to such +organizations as this, whether it be for special endowment or to +establish special schools, implies more money, an increase of +contribution. Gifts for new buildings, gifts for establishing new plant +are apt to be an embarrassment unless the individuals will respond with +increased donations. Now this fund which is given us, while the terms +are liberal, is limited in its scope,--it is strictly for the education +of the colored youth in the Southern States of America. Not one dollar +of this can be used for general work, not one dollar for the Indian, or +for our Mountain Work; strictly limited in its use, we need in +consequence even more money than before. We are endowed with this great +gift, but we may not be able to use it efficiently if there is a lack +of supplementary contributions, and for that reason we make a new and +strong appeal for them. + +You pay your money where you have your interest. That man who, in +building a mission church in a rough, uncouth neighborhood, called on +the hoodlums in the vicinity to make a contribution of a brick apiece +for the new church, was a wise man. Every bootblack, every newsboy, +every garbage gatherer in it who put a brick in that church had an +interest in it. It was "Our Church," and at once the interest of the +neighborhood was secured for this mission church, as it could have been +done in no other way. So we ask you to withhold not your bricks; with +the bricks will come the interest, the heart, the prayers. + + +Remarks by Dr. Mears. + +Rev. Dr. Mears, who occupied the chair temporarily, followed the +address of Mr. Washburn, voicing the gratitude of the Association. He +spoke of the feelings almost of depression after the great wants of the +work had been so evident from the various reports and addresses of the +meeting. The words of reply to the prophet in the famine stricken city +of Samaria had been often repeated as to the possibility of relief for +those despised; "Behold if the Lord would make windows in heaven, might +this thing be?" This munificent gift of a million dollars seems like a +gift dropped from the pierced hand into the lap of this Association. It +seems a seal of the divine favor upon this organization, whose sole +care is for those races that are poor and despised. The speaker +referred to the suggestion of Mr. Washburn, that the gift must be +either a blessing or a curse. It would be a curse if the benefactions +of the churches should be withheld because of Mr. Hand's munificence. +The divineness of the gift, however, precluded such a fear. There is +too much consecration in the hearts of God's children to keep back a +single offering for those for whom Christ died. The great promise of +the Master will prove itself true; "To him that hath shall be given." +Turning to the members of the Executive Committee, the suggestion was +made that the manner in which they should guard this great gift would +be a potent factor in urging greater gifts from the churches. In such +hands was left the burden of showing that only a blessing and not a +curse was possible. Be true to your great trust. His closing words were +in recognition of the blessings sure to rest upon the venerable giver +whose last days have been so near heaven as to catch the beams of holy +light. + + * * * * * + +SKETCH OF MR. HAND'S LIFE. + +Daniel Hand was born in Madison, Conn., July 16, 1801, and was +therefore in the eighty-eighth year of his age when he made his gift +for the education of the colored people at the South. His ancestors +have resided in that town for several generations and were always +landholders, industrious, quiet and respectable. To this ancestry Mr. +Hand is probably indebted under God for his physical vigor, long life, +strength of character and success in business. He was the fourth son of +seven, and was on the farm under his father's direction until he was +sixteen years of age, when he was put in charge of his second brother, +Augustus F. Hand, who was then a merchant at Augusta, Ga., and whom he +succeeded in business. In 1854 Mr. Hand went to New York in connection +with his Southern business, and remained there in that capacity until +the beginning of the war in 1861. He resided in some portion of the +Southern Confederacy during the entire war, and was never treated with +violence in any way, and no Confederate officer ever offered him +indignity or even an unkind word. + +Mr. G.W. Williams, a native Georgian, was, at about the age of sixteen, +employed by Mr. Hand as a clerk in Augusta, and in a few years was +taken in as partner. Mr. Williams suggested a branch of the business in +Charleston, and conducted it successfully. When the war came on Mr. +Hand's capital was largely employed in the Charleston business, which +Mr. Williams as a Southern man continued, having the use of Mr. Hand's +capital, which the Confederate Government vainly endeavored to +confiscate by legal proceedings against Mr. Hand, as a Northern man of +pronounced anti-slavery sentiments. After the war Mr. Hand came North +and left it to his old partner, Mr. Williams, to adjust the business +and make up the accounts, allowing him almost unlimited time for so +doing. When this was accomplished, Mr. Williams came North and paid +over to Mr. Hand his portion of the long-invested capital and its +accumulations, as an honest and honorable merchant and trusted partner +should do. + +Many years ago Mr. Hand was bereaved of wife and children, and he has +since remained unmarried. This fact, together with his benevolent +impulses, led him to form plans to use his property for the benefit of +mankind. He thought at first of devoting a part of it to some Northern +colleges, but his attention being turned to the needed and successful +work done among the colored people of the South, his purpose was soon +formed to aid them. He said he knew them, and the disadvantages arising +out of their ignorance, their inability to keep accounts, to secure +their rights in making settlements, and consequently the hindrances +they encountered in their industries and in the acquisition of lands +and homes. As it was known that he had money and benevolent intentions +in regard to the use of it, many methods were suggested to him for that +purpose. Some of these he investigated with care, but he never saw +occasion to change the purpose which he formed more than ten years ago, +to make the colored people his beneficiaries through the American +Missionary Association, which he found was doing so large and +successful a work among the very people whom he wished to benefit, and +in methods in accordance with his own views. More than ten years ago he +had incorporated in his will a legacy of $100,000 for the Association. +It was suggested to him at that time that he should become his own +executor, but he felt that his securities were safe and productive, and +at last it became a cherished purpose with him to make the gift a +million of dollars as soon as he could do so with due regard to other +objects he had in view. + +The consummation of this great purpose was finally closed by the +transfer (October 22nd) of the securities to the Association by the +Hon. Luzon B. Morris, who has been throughout his trusted and honored +legal and financial adviser. This gift enrolls Mr. Hand among the +honored names of wealthy men who have devoted their fortunes, not to +mere display or personal gratification, but to elevate and bless the +ignorant and needy. + +Mr. Hand is a man of tall, commanding presence, and still at the age of +eighty-seven writes with a firm and bold hand, and expresses himself in +brief and vigorous language. + + * * * * * + +THE DEED OF TRUST. + +The purposes and conditions of this great trust are as follows: + +"The said Daniel Hand, desiring to establish a permanent fund, the +income of which shall be used for the purpose of educating needy and +indigent colored people of African descent, residing, or who may +hereafter reside in the recent slave States of the United States of +America, sometimes called the Southern States; meaning those States +wherein slavery was recognized by law in the year A.D. 1861, and in +consideration of the promises and undertakings of the said American +Missionary Association, hereinafter set forth, does hereby give, +transfer and deliver unto the said American Missionary Association the +following bonds and property in trust, viz.: (Here follows a list of +the property transferred, amounting at par value to $1,000,894.25. The +market value is more than that sum.) Said bonds and property to be +received and held by said American Missionary Association, _upon +trust_, and for the following purposes, viz.: To safely manage the said +trust fund, to change investments whenever said Association may deem it +necessary or advisable to reinvest the principal of said trust fund in +such securities, property and investments as said Association may deem +best, and to use the _income thereof only_ for the education of colored +people of African descent residing in the recent slave States of the +United States of America hereinbefore specified. + +"Such income to be applied for the education of such colored people as +are needy and indigent and such as by their health, strength and vigor +of body and mind give indications of efficiency and usefulness in after +life. + +"Said American Missionary Association and the proper officers thereof, +shall have the right, while acting in good faith, to select from time +to time such persons from the above described class as are to receive +aid from the income of said trust fund, hereby confiding to said +Association the selection of such persons as it shall deem most worthy +and deserving of such aid, but I would limit the sum of $100 as the +largest sum to be expended for any person in any one year from this +fund. I impose no restrictions upon said Association as to the manner +in which they shall use such income for the education of such colored +people, whether by establishing schools for that purpose, and +maintaining the same, or by furnishing individual aid; trusting to said +Association and the officers thereof the use of such means in the +execution of said trust as in their judgment will be most for the +advantage of that class of people. + +"Said trust fund shall be set apart and at all times known as the +'Daniel Hand Educational Fund for Colored People.' And the said +Association shall keep separate accounts of the investment of this +fund, and of the income derived therefrom, and of the use to which such +income is applied, and shall publish monthly statements of the receipts +from said fund, specifying its source, object and intention." + + * * * * * + +SUGGESTIONS. + +Something to Remember. + +Our first thought is for the pastors and churches to whom these words +may come. It is this: Remember that the American Missionary Association +has not a million of dollars to expend in its work. + +It has the yearly income of this great gift as a Trust Fund to be used, +not for the work which our churches have taken on, but to do a specific +work which would not otherwise be undertaken. The American Missionary +Association will carry out the wishes of this large giver in their +trust, and the Hand Fund will not be used to supplement the other work +committed to the Association. + +Do not say then, that we have a million and need nothing. Our execution +of a trust to do additional work to the extent of $50,000 a year or +more, in no way changes our dependence upon the constituency of the +A.M.A. We have no balance whatever at the bank to supplement any lack +from the churches. The Hand Fund stands out distinctly committed to its +appropriate work. This it will do. + +It will, however, make the work to which we are already committed more +imperative. We do not believe that the churches will in any degree +defeat the purposes of Mr. Hand by devoting less than before to their +own work, but that they will rather encourage larger gifts than ever, +by an emulation of a like spirit, to be used for the redemption of a +race. This is not a Trust Fund to relieve the churches. It is to make +their work greater and more effective. + +The reports of the several committees at Providence all called for an +enlargement of our work. It was recommended that $375,000 be raised and +used in the fiscal year 1888-1889. This means something more than +$30,000 a month. The receipts for October were $16,416.07, being but a +little more than half of that which is needed. Our dependence must be +where it has been; first of all upon God, and then upon those who are +his stewards. We do not believe that God's stewards will be willing to +use this signal illustration of fidelity to stewardship as a reason why +they should do less rather than more in their working together with +him. The American Missionary Association begins its year with a debt of +$5,000 and needs $30,000 a month to carry on its regular work. + + +Large Gifts no Substitute for Small Ones. + +A Pope of Rome in the midst of his great wealth once said, "I cannot +say as Peter did: 'Silver and gold have I none!'" To which the reply +was made: "Neither can you say, 'In the name of Jesus Christ, rise up +and walk.'" Peter and the Pope are types of two conditions of the +church of Christ. When it is dependent on Christ, it can bless the +bodies and souls of men; when it relies on its wealth, it can do +neither. A missionary society that should be so thoroughly endowed as +to feel itself to be independent of God and man for funds would soon be +thoroughly dead. Its power is in proportion to the faith it uplifts to +God, and to the constant sense of dependence with which it rests down +upon the sympathy and support of the churches. It can never flourish +except as it is refreshed by the little rills of benevolence that flow +from praying Christians; that treasury is poor, indeed, that does not +receive the widow's two mites. The American Missionary Association can +come with blessings to the neglected races of our land only as it lays +hold with one hand upon the arm of the Lord and with the other grasps +the hands of the pastors and members of the churches--as it enables +them to feel that it is their society doing God's work for them. + +But does not the magnificent gift of Mr. Hand lift the Association +above such dependence on the churches? Is it not at least so well +provided for that the churches need not be so regular and liberal in +their contributions? We answer emphatically that if this should be the +result of that gift, we should esteem it no blessing; and in this we +are sure Mr. Hand himself would unite with us. We are told that he was +accustomed to read the "Receipts" acknowledged in the AMERICAN +MISSIONARY, and was greatly delighted that so many small donations were +reported. He said that one thing that confirmed him in the choice of +the Association as the almoner of his bounty was the hold it seemed to +have upon the mass of intelligent and praying members of the New +England churches, No! the gift of Mr. Hand, generous and large as it +is, provides for only a part of our great work. It does not touch the +Church, Mountain, Indian, Chinese or Higher Educational Departments. It +is wisely appropriated; it goes directly and practically to a point +where help is much needed. But it is limited to that and does not cover +even all of that. Let the churches do neither themselves, the +Association nor Mr. Hand the great wrong of withholding because he +gives; rather let them take this gift as God and the generous donor +meant it to be--a help in lifting the heavy load, to be responded to by +heartier co-operation and larger contributions. + + +A Helping Hand Extended to the South. + +How strange are the links that sometimes bind events together, and how +obvious are often the compensations that Providence renders to faithful +work. + +In 1846 a society was formed in the North distinguished mainly by its +sympathy for the slave. But slavery then ruled the North as well as the +South, and this society was made to feel the rod of its power. Some of +its founders learned that rewards had been offered for their abduction; +others suffered from the violence of mobs; and its missionaries in the +South were imprisoned or banished. When the slaves were freed, the +society went swiftly and energetically to their help, and has sent to +them thousands of consecrated teachers and has spent millions of money +for their relief. Its work is now so manifestly beneficial that it is +welcomed by both the blacks and the whites in the South. + +At the date of the founding of this society, a Northern man in the +prime of life was carrying on a prosperous mercantile business in a +Southern city. He had already been in that city nearly thirty years and +was honored and trusted. When the war came his property was +jeopardized, but was afterwards returned to him in full. And now comes +the Providential compensation. That wealth earned in the South, lost +and then restored, is given back to the South to educate and assist the +emancipated slaves. The giver, now in the 88th year of his age, finds +it the joy and crown of his life to be thus not only a benefactor to +the poor blacks, but to furnish a marked illustration of the fraternal +feeling which the North cherishes towards the South. And may we not add +that Providence in guiding this noble man to select this once +persecuted society as the almoner of his bounty, is giving it a token +of the Divine approbation for its faithfulness to the oppressed slave. + + +A Message to the Colored People. + +It is due to Mr. Hand to say that he is much more interested in the +good that shall be done to the colored people by his gift, than he is +in any public notices of himself. His letters to us discourage such +notices, but he writes most warmly urging us to press upon the colored +people the all-controlling thought, that they must be the chief and +most efficient agents in the great work of their own advancement in +industry, temperance and civilization; that they should not become +office seekers, and should abandon at once and forever, the expectation +of aid for them as colored people, and that above all, that which is +most vital to them for this world and the next, is love to God and man, +and that the Bible is the best source of light and the foundation of +their surest hopes. + +These are wise counsels and we shall endeavor to press them upon all, +and especially upon those whom we shall aid out of this fund. We +believe that Mr. Hand would deplore it as the greatest calamity that +could befall his gift, if it should in any way pauperize the colored +people or take from them their sense of the need--the essential need of +self-reliance and self-help--if it should tempt them to an idle life, +to seeking after office or to become beggars for help from Government +or from any other source. This gift, in the intention of the donor, and +in that of the Association that is to administer it, is that it may be +a stimulus and encouragement to personal energy and enterprise. + + * * * * * + +PILGRIM'S LETTERS. + +Bits of History. + +Rev. Joseph E. Roy, D.D., author of the neatly printed volume bearing +this title, is a man of quick and accurate observation. In the days +when "Missionary Campaigns" were in vogue, and the representatives of +the several Congregational Societies held missionary meetings from town +to town, Dr. Roy, in an hour or two after our arrival at a place, would +contrive to pick up so many facts about the history of the town, its +distinguished men of the past, its ancient church edifices, etc., etc., +as to surprise and perhaps enlighten the pastor and some of the people, +as he skillfully introduced these facts into the opening of his +address. Dr. Roy had an equal facility in writing down his observations +in graphic and vigorous English. What some other men would labor in +penning with frequent hesitation and erasures, he would dash off +_currente calamo_. It has fallen to the lot of Dr. Roy to have had +another advantage. He has been a pastor for several years, and +subsequently a Secretary alternately of the A.M.A. and the A.H.M.S. for +nearly thirty years. His duties have called him into all parts of the +United States, and especially into the West and South. In all his +journeys he has jotted down his rapid and yet careful observations, and +the Letters of Pilgrim in the _Congregationalist_, the _Independent_ +and the _Advance_, have become as familiar as household words in the +pastor's study, and the homes of Congregationalists throughout the +land. The thoughtful care and deft fingers of Pilgrim's wife have +clipped out these letters and pasted them into suitable blank books +until they became almost a library. The topics covered by these letters +are as varied as the place in which they were written. They begin as +far back as 1857, and describe events in the Border war of Kansas, the +great Rebellion, the steps of Reconstruction as well as the more +peaceful but no less interesting proceedings of National Councils, +great Missionary Anniversaries and the quiet, yet lifelike scenes +gathered from pastors' lives, and the homes of the people settling in +the far West, or of the negroes in their new life as Freedmen. + +This volume contains the gems gathered out of this great casket. The +reader must not expect to find in it consecutive history or full +details on every topic, but he will be surprised, we think, at finding +so much and such accurate information on so many interesting items in +regard to the events that have transpired in the Nation, and especially +in the Congregational Churches, during the last thirty years. It is, as +the second title indicates, bits of history. + +Dr. Roy was very much beloved in the South, by preachers, teachers, and +the people. No Superintendent or other worker of the A.M.A., from the +North, ever had so many negro children named for him. Indeed we are +told that one family were so ardent in their attachment that they had +their boy christened with the names and titles in full--_Reverend +Joseph E. Roy, D.D._ + +By the generous gifts of a few gentlemen who appreciate Dr. Roy's +life-long work we are enabled to send 100 copies of the volume to some +of these friends, who would greatly value the book, but are not able to +pay for it. + + * * * * * + +The executive committee of the American Missionary Association has +unanimously appointed Prof. Edward S. Hall a Field Superintendent, to +examine and report upon the work of our schools and churches in our +Southern field. Prof. Hall is a graduate of Amherst College, has had +several years' experience as a principal of High Schools, and of late +years has been a successful Superintendent of Schools in one of the +cities of Connecticut. He brings to this work a large and immediate +acquaintance with educational methods, and a personal practical +experience. + +We commend him to our missionary workers in the field as a Christian +brother, prepared in sympathy and in experience to assist them in the +various phases of their work. + + * * * * * + +We have received 350 copies of a volume, very neatly printed and bound, +entitled, "The 'Come' and 'Go' Family Text Book, containing 'Come' and +'Go' Texts for every day in the year." And accompanying the generous +gift is this note: "A friend of the colored race takes pleasure in +furnishing these books for the workers and advanced pupils in the +schools under the care of the American Missionary Association." We +thank the donor in behalf of those who will gladly welcome and +diligently use the gift. + + * * * * * + +Back numbers of the "American Missionary."--During the last ten years +we have had frequent applications from public libraries and from +colleges for back numbers of our Magazine to make up complete sets. Our +supply has been exhausted and we have been obliged to decline. An +appeal now comes from the Professor of Church History in Oberlin +Theological Seminary, in these words: "As the Association is closely +connected with the history of Oberlin, I wish to put my classes in +American Church History on the history of the Association." The Oberlin +library contains nothing complete till 1880. + +Can any of our subscribers supply the want to a college so long and so +closely identified with the early struggles of the Association? If so, +please address Prof. F.H. Foster, Oberlin, Ohio. + + * * * * * + +FORTY-SECOND ANNUAL MEETING + +OF THE + +AMERICAN MISSIONARY ASSOCIATION. + + * * * * * + +The Forty-second Annual Meeting of the American Missionary Association +convened in the Union Congregational Church, Providence, R.I., on +Tuesday, October 23d, 1888, at 3 P.M. + +In the absence of the President, the Association was called to order by +the Senior Secretary, who invited E.B. Monroe, Esq., of New York, to +take the chair until the arrival of the President, Rev. William M. +Taylor, D.D., of New York. + +Rev. M. McG. Dana, D.D., of Massachusetts, read the Scriptures and led +in prayers. + +Rev. Henry A. Hazen, of Massachusetts, was elected Secretary and Rev. +James H. Ross, of Massachusetts, Assistant Secretary. + +Secretary Beard read the portion of the Constitution relating to life +membership and delegates, and the roll of the Association and Visitors +was prepared, as follows: + + +ROLL. + +State Associations. + +Rev. C.B. Curtis, Ala.; Rev. Horace C. Hovey, Conn.; Rev. B.A. Imes, +Tenn.; Rev. S.M. Newman, D.C. + + +Local Conferences. + +Rev. A.K. Gleason, Mass.; William P. Hubbard, Me.; Rev. D.E. Jones, +Conn.; Rev. H.G. Marshall, Conn.; Rev. B.G. Northrop, Conn.; Miss L.L. +Phelps, Me.; Rev. M.C. Stebbins, Vt.; Rev. Lewis Williams, N.Y.; Mrs. +Lewis Williams, N.Y. + + +Delegates from the Churches. + +Rev. F.D. Austin, N.H.; Dea. Edward Autz, R.I.; Horatio Bailey, Mass.; +Rev. John Barstow, Mass.; Edward D. Beach, Conn.; Rev. Wm. H. Beard, +Conn.; Dea. George T. Beach, Conn.; Rev. Quincy Blakely, N.H.; N.C. +Boutelle, Mass.; Mrs. Juliet H. Brand, O.; Rev. H.S. Brown, Conn.; Rev. +Wm. T. Briggs, Mass.; M.A.H. Brigham, R.I.; Rev. F.L. Bristol, Mass.; +Frank E. Bundy, Mass.; Mrs. J.I.W. Burgess, Mass.; Rev. Wolcott +Calkins, Mass.; A.A. Carr, Mass.; Mrs. Robert Chapman, Conn.; Mrs. Mary +W. Claflin, Ill.; Rev. and Mrs. S.W. Clarke, Mass.; Rev. Bernard +Copping, Mass.; Leyrand S. Carpenter, Conn.; Rev. Zenas Crowell, Mass.; +Mr. and Mrs. Joshua W. Davis, Mass.; Dea. Levi S. Deming, Conn.; Rev. +John W. Dodge, Mass.; Rev. R.C. Drisko, Vt.; Rev. and Mrs. A.J. Dyer, +Mass.; Rev. Edward O. Dyer, Mass.; Rev. John Elderkin, Conn.; Miss Mary +E.P. Elderkin, Conn.; Mr. and Mrs. J.D. Eldredge, Mass.; Rev. F.F. +Emerson, R.I.; Rev. Thomas A. Emerson, Conn.; Rev. F.L. Ferguson, +Conn.; Rev. R.H. Gidman, Conn.; Mrs. N.M. Goodale, Mass.; Mrs. L.M. +Gurney, Mass.; Arthur H. Hale, N.H.; Mr. and Mrs. J.S. Hall, Conn.; +Mrs. S.I. Hall, Mass.; Rev. Henry E. Hart, Conn.; Rev. J.P. Harvey, +Mass.; Rev. Wm. H. Haskell, Me.; Rev. and Mrs. R.W. Haskins, Mass.; +Rev. Henry A. Hazen, Mass.; Miss Helen E. Haynes, Mass.; C.F. Haywood, +Mass.; Rev. James L. Hill, Mass.; Dea. Farrington Holbrook, Mass.; +Silas R. Holmes, Conn.; Rev. and Mrs. Palmer S. Hulbert, Mass.; Joseph +W. Hungerford, Conn.; Charles Jewett, Tenn.; Miss Mary K. Keith, Mass.; +L.B. Kendall, R.I.; Rev. G.N. Killogg, Conn.; Rev. H.L. Kelsey, Conn.; +Rev. George S. Kemp, Mass.; James O. Kendall, Mass.; Dea. A. Kingsbury, +Conn.; Edmund F. Leland, Mass.; Rev. J.R. McLean, Texas; Russel +Manchester, R.I.; Dea. George T. Meech, Conn.; Rev. and Mrs. George A. +Miller, Conn.; L.A. Morgan, Conn.; James A. Morse, N.H.; Rev. Chas. S. +Murkland, N.H.; Dea. and Mrs. B.A. Nourse, Mass.; Rev. Bernard Paine, +Conn.; Mrs. C.M. Palmer, Mass.; Rev. C.W. Park, Conn.; Rev. H.J. +Patrick, Mass.;. Mrs. Abner C. Paul, Mass.; Dea. Charles Peck, Conn.; +Mrs. Kathleen M. Phipps, Mass.; Rev. Charles M. Pierce, Mass.; George +W. Pike, Conn.; Herbert W. Pillsbury, Mass.; Rev. E.S. Potter, Mass.; +Samuel Prentice and wife, Conn.; Rev. and Mrs. A.J. Quick, Conn.; Rev. +George W. Reynolds, Me.; George E. Richards, Mass.; Elisha F. +Richardson, Mass.; Rev. C.B Riggs, Tenn.; Mrs. George H. Rugg, Mass.; +Rev. Moses T. Runnels, N.H.; Lawson A. Seagrave, Mass.; Rev. John +Scott, Conn.; J.H. Shedd, Mass.; George W. Shelton, Conn.; Rev. Thomas +Simms, Conn.; Dea. P. Skinner, Jr., R.I.; Rev. J.D. Smiley, R.I.; Miss +Augusta Smith, Mass.; Arthur M. Stone, Mass.; Rev. Chas. B. Strong, +Conn.; Rev. George W. Stearns, Mass.; Alexander Storer, Mass.; J.W. +Stickney, Mass.; Mrs. E.M. Strong, Conn.; Mrs. Wm. H. Swett, Mass.; +Caleb T. Symmes, Mass.; Rev. Wm. M. Thayer, Mass.; Miss M. Estelle +Vance, Mass.; Rev. M. Van Horne, R.I.; Rev. R.W. Wallace, Mass.; Mr. +and Mrs. Henry S. Walter, Conn.; Dea. Francis J. Ward, Mass.; Mrs. +Francis J. Ward, Mass.; Dr. Lucien C. Warner, N. Y.; Rev. James Wells, +Mass.; Rev. C.A. White, Mass.; Rev. John E. Wildey, R.I.; Rev. Preston +B. Wing, Mass.; Chas. P. Wood, Mass.; Dea. Franklin Wood, N.Y.; Mr. and +Mrs. Clinton A. Woodbury, Me.; Rev. W. Woodbury, Mass.; Rev. J.J. +Woolley, R.I.; Rev. Wm. H. Woodwell, Mass. + + +Life Members. + +H.N. Ackerman, Mass.; Rev. F.H. Adams, R.I.; Rev. W.S. Alexander, +Mass.; J.H. Bailey, Conn.; Rev. F.W. Baldwin, Mass.; Rev. John W. +Ballantine, Mass.; Rev. Luther H. Barber, Conn.; Dea. H.W. Barrows, +Mass.; A.C. Barstow, R.I.; Miss Mattie R. Barstow, Conn.; Rev. A.F. +Beard, KY.; Rev. Edwin S. Beard, Conn.; Mrs. E.H. Beckwith, N.J.; Miss +L. Beckwith, Conn.; David Birge, Conn.; Rev. J.T. Blades, Mass.; George +Booth, R.I.; Rev. James Brand, O.; Chas. N. Brown, N.Y.; Mrs. Chas. N. +Brown, N.Y.; Dea. T.F. Buckingham, Conn.; Mrs. Delia E. Bucklin, Mass.; +Mr. J.I.W. Burgess, Mass.; Miss Anna M. Cahill, Tenn.; Dea. Samuel B., +Capen, Mass.; Rev. DeWitt S. Clark, Mass.; Walter C. Clark, Conn.; John +H. Cleveland, Conn.; Rev. J.W. Cooper, Conn.; Robert Cushman, R.I.; +Rev. M.M.G. Dana, Mass.; George P. Davis, Mass.; Rev. and Mrs. E. +Dawes, Mass.; Rev. P.B. Davis, Mass.; Mr. and Mrs. R.L. Day, Mass.; +Rev. Oliver S. Dean, Mass.; Rev. Morton Dexter, Mass.; Rev. Samuel W. +Dike, Mass.; John B. Doolittle, Neb.; Charles Duncan, Mass.; Rev. W.R. +Eastman, Mass.; Miss D.E. Emerson, N.Y.; Rev. John L. Ewell, Mass.; Mr. +and Mrs. Franklin Fairbanks, Vt.; Rev. S.H. Fellows, Conn.; Rev. L.Z. +Ferris, R.I.; Milton M. Fisher, Mass.; Miss M.M. Fitch, Mass.; Rev. +Edward T. Fleming, Ga.; Rev. Addison P. Foster, Mass.; Mrs. Jacob +Fullarton, Mass.; Mrs. E.A.H. Grosvenor, Mass.; Rev. Alexander Hall, +Conn.; Mrs. Mortimer Hall, Mass.; Rev. George E. Hall, N.H.; Rev. C.H. +Hamlin, Mass.; Samuel R. Heywood, Mass.; Miss Lucy J. Harrison, Conn.; +Rev. W.D. Hart, R.I.; Rev. Allen Hazen, Mass.; Miss Alma J. Herbert, +N.H.; Rev. John W. Hird, Mass.; Elisha Holbrook, Mass.; Mrs. Farrington +Holbrook, Mass.; Dea. Henry T. Holt, N.Y.; Rev. Rowland B. Howard, +Mass.; H.W. Hubbard, N.Y.; Rev. and Mrs. W.T. Hutchins, Conn.; Rev. +A.H. Johnson, Mass.; Rev. H.E. Johnson, R.I.; Mrs. Loring Johnson, +Mass.; Rev. Samuel Johnson, N.Y,; Rev. R.R. Kendall, Mass.; Rev. Arthur +Little, Ill.; Rev. G.E. Lovejoy, Mass.; Rev. J.H. Lyon, R.I.; Rev. P.W. +Lyman, Mass.; Rev. A.P. Marion, Mass.; Roland Mather, Conn.; Chas. L. +Mead, N.Y.; Rev. D.O. Mears, Mass.; Rev. and Mrs. C.E. Milliken, N.H.; +Rev. Eldridge Mix, Mass.; Elbert B. Monroe, Conn.; Rev. George W. +Moore, D.C.; Mrs. Woodbridge Odlin, Mass.; Rev. Henry A. Osgood, Mass.; +Rev. Wm. S. Palmer, Conn.; Rev. Leonard S. Parker, Mass.; Mrs. H.P. +Parsons, Conn.; Rev. Charles H. Peck, Conn.; Rev. A.B. Peffers, Mass.; +George F. Platt, Conn.; Mrs. Willard Pettee, Mass.; Rev. and Mrs. S.W. +Powell, Mass.; Dea. Augustus Pratt, Mass.; Rev. Lewellyn Pratt, Conn.; +Samuel A. Pratt, Mass.; Rev. George H. Reed, Mass.; Rev. A.M. Rice, +Mass.; Mrs. E.B. Rice, Mass.; A.H. Richardson, Mass.; Mr. and Mrs. C.A. +Richardson, Mass.; Rev. N. Richardson, R.I.; Mrs. M.E. Richardson, +Mass.; Rev. James Richmond, Mass.; Mrs. R.B. Risk, Mass.; Rev. Edward +P. Root, Conn.; Rev. Jos. E. Roy, Ill.; Dea. E.A. Russell, Conn.; Rev. +C.J. Ryder, Mass.; Rev. G.S.F. Savage, Ill.; Rev. George H. Scott, +Mass.; Rev. Charles W. Shelton, Conn.; F.C. Sherman, Conn.; Rev. J.E. +Smith, Tenn.; L.B. Smith, R.I.; Rev. C.M. Southgate, Mass.; Rev. +Wayland Spaulding, N.Y.; Albert Spooner, Mass.; S.A. Spooner, Mass.; +Miss Mary N. Shaw, Mass.; Mrs. A.S. Steele, Tenn.; Rev. Geo. E. Street, +N.H.; Rev. M.E. Strieby, N.Y.; Rev. J.M. Sturtevant, O.; Rev. and Mrs. +R.M. Taft, Mass.; Dea. and Mrs. Edwin Talcott, Conn.; E.O. Taylor, +Mass.; Rev. Geo. A. Tewksbury, Mass.; J.C. Thorn, R.I.; Rev. L. +Thompson, Mass.; Rev. John R. Thurston, Mass.; Rev. John E. Tuttle, +Mass.; Dea. Peter E. Vose, Me.: Mrs. Caroline L. Ward, Mass.; Rev. +William Hayes Ward, N.J.; Mrs. L.C. Warner, N.Y.; John H. Washburn, +N.Y.; John Watrous, Conn.; Rev. Albert Watson, N.H.; Mrs. Elizabeth H. +Watson, R.I.; Dea. Eben Webster, Mass.; Mrs. L.A. Weld, Conn.; Rev. +Isaac C. White, Mass.; Dea. Jonas White, Mass.; Edward A. Williams, +Conn.; Mrs. Mary H. Williams, Mass.; Miss S. Maria Williams, Conn.; +S.H. Williams, Mass.; Rev. Clarence H. Wilson, N.Y.; Mark H. Wood, +R.I.; Dea. Frank Wood, R.I.; George M. Woodward, Mass.; Mrs. George M. +Woodward, Mass.; Rev. Henry D. Woodworth, Mass.; Rev. Walter E.C. +Wright, Ky. + + +Visitors. + +H.T. Aborn, Mass.; Rev. E.W. Allen, Mass.; John G. Allen, Mass.; Miss +Mary E. Averill, Conn.; Miss Maria Bachellor, Mass.; Miss C.A.K. +Bancroft, Mass.; Miss A.B. Barrows, Conn.; Miss S.F. Batchelder, N.H.; +Mrs. Abby S. Bates, R.I.; John R. Beecroft, N.Y.; Rev. Howard Billman, +Conn.; Mrs. G.N. Bird, Mass.; Miss Clara B. Blackinton, Mass.; Rev. +Charles H. Bliss, Ill.; Mrs. H. P. Bliss, R.I.; Miss Rebecca Bliss, +R.I.; Mrs. George Booth, R.I.; E.P. Borden, Mass.; Mrs. S.C. Bourne, +Mass.; Mrs. E.P. Boynton, Mass.; A.G. Brewer, Mass.; Mr. and Mrs. Wm. +P. Buffum, R.I.; Miss R. Bullard, Mass.; Mrs. Charles F. Burgess, +Conn.; Mrs. E.H. Cady, Conn.; Miss Mary J. Capron, Mass.; Mr. and Mrs. +E.W. Cain, Mass.; Rev. J.H. Childs, Mass.; Miss Mary C. Collins, Dak.; +Mrs. A.B. Cook, R.I.; Miss Katie A. Craig, Mass.; Rev. A.W. Curtis, +Ala.; William L. Curtis, O.; Miss Anne Cushman, Mass.; Mrs. P.B. Davis, +Mass.; Mrs. O.L. Dean, Mass.; T.R. Dennison, Mass.; Edward W. +Doolittle, Neb.; Mrs. Charles Duncan, Mass.; Joseph R. Dunham, R.I.; +Miss Anna M. Dyer, Mass.; Miss S.S. Evans, Ala.; Mrs. Addison P. +Foster, Mass.; Mrs. A. Fearing, Mass.; Mrs. L.L. Ferris, R.I.; Rev. +J.L. Fowle, Mass.; Miss Emma R. Freeman, R.I.; P.H. Gardner, R.I.; Miss +Mary A. George, N.H.; Rev. Simeon Gilbert, Ill.; Joshua H. Given, Pa.; +Miss Charlotte L. Gleason, Mass.; Mrs. J.R. Goodale, R.I.; Mrs. C.L. +Greene, Mass.; Rev. David Gregg, Mass.; Mrs. M.F. Hardy, Mass.; Rev. +Elijah Harmon, Mass.; Dea. G.E. Herrick and wife, Mass.; Mrs. S.R. +Heywood, Mass.; George Wm. Hill, R.I.; Rev. H.R. Hoisington, Conn.; +Dea. E. Francis Holt, Mass.; Mrs. Henry T. Holt, N.Y.; Mrs. George M. +Howe, Me.; Miss B.A. Howe, Mass.; Mrs. W.P. Hubbard, Me.; Miss. A. +Hunt, Mass.; Rev. Henry S. Huntington, Me.; Mrs. H.M. Hurd, Mass.; O.M. +Hyde, Conn.; Rev. Frank E. Jenkins, N.Y.; Loring Johnson, Mass.; Mrs. +Samuel Johnson, N.Y.; Mrs. Charlotte Johnson, Mass.; Miss Olive M. +Johnson, Mass.; Miss Hannah N. Johnson, Mass.; Mrs. D.E. Jones, Conn.; +Mrs. Mary A. Jones, Mass.; Mrs. George S. Kemp, Mass.; Mrs. Jane Kerr, +Mass.; Rev. Evarts Kent, Ga.; Mrs. A.E. Kingman, Minn.; Mrs. A. +Kingsbury, Conn.; Chas. H. Leonard, M.D., R.I.; Rev. Edwin Leonard, +Conn.; Mr. and Mrs. Jas. M. Linsley, Conn.; E.C. Marsh, Maas.; Mr. and +Mrs. C.H. May, Mass.; Mrs. C.M. Merriam, Mass.; William Merrill, Mass.; +Miss Anna Metcalf, Mass.; Mrs. Ella S. Moore, D.C.; Miss E. Morrison, +Mass.; Mrs. P.H. Nichols, Mass.; Rev. and Mrs. A.F. Newton, Mass.; Mrs. +Henry B. Noyes, Conn.; Mrs. C.P. Paige, Mass.; Miss Sarah M. Paine, +R.I.; Mrs. C.M. Palmer, Mass.; Mrs. S.E. Parker, Mass.; Rev. R.M. +Peacock, Mass.; Mrs. Charles H. Peck, Conn.; Miss C.E. Perkins, Mass.; +Rev. George A. Perkins, Mass.; Miss Elizabeth B. Pierce, Mass.; Miss E. +Plimpton, Ga.; Miss M. Ella Porter, Conn.; Mrs. Daniel Potter, Mass.; +Harriett R. Pratt, Mass.; Mrs. Samuel A. Pratt, Mass.; Mrs. Maria B. +Prescott, Mass.; Mr. and Mrs. Richard W. Rice, Conn.; Mrs. Robert +Richmond, Mass.; Rev. Augustine Root, Mass.; I.H. Rowland, Conn.; Mrs. +M.M. Russegue, Mass.; Mrs. S.H. Ryder, Mass.; Mr. and Mrs. H.W. Sadd, +Conn.; Mrs. F.A. Sadd, Conn.; Mrs. G.S.F. Savage, Ill.; Mrs. C.W. +Shelton, Conn.; O.L. Slader, R.I.; Henry D. Smith, Conn.; Rev. Stephen +Smith, Mass.; Eliza Smith, Mass.; Albert K. Smiley, N.Y.; Miss M.W. +Staples, Mass.; Miss Angelina Stebbins, Mass.; Mrs. E.P. Stetson, +Mass.; Rev. Edward G. Stone, N.H.; H.A. Street, Conn.; Mr. and Mrs. +William Swift, Conn.; Rev. C. Terry, Mass.; Rev. G.H. Tilton, Mass.; +Miss C.E. Warren, Mass.; Tyler Waters, Mass.; Mrs. Eben Webster, Mass.; +D.W. Whittlesey, Conn.; Mrs. C.R. Wilcox, R.I.; Mrs. Randale, Mass.; +Mrs. Winslow, Mass.; Miss C.L. Wood, Mass.; Charles P. Wood, Mass.; +Rev. F.G. Woodworth, Miss. + + +The Nominating Committee was appointed as follows: Rev. James G. Vose, +D.D., of Massachusetts; Rev. S.L. Blake, D.D., of Connecticut; Hon. +Franklin Fairbanks, of Vermont; Rev. Henry J. Patrick, of +Massachusetts; C.L. Mead, Esq., of New York. + +The Treasurer, H.W. Hubbard, Esq., presented his annual report, with +schedules and the certificates of the auditors, which was accepted and +referred to the Committee on Finance. + +Rev. James G. Vose, D.D., of Providence, made an address of welcome, +which was responded to by the President. + +The Survey of the Field by the Executive Committee was read by +Secretary A.F. Beard, D.D., and was accepted, and the parts were +referred to the special committees to be appointed. + +The Association, led by Secretary Strieby, united in a concert of +prayer with workers in the field. + +The Nominating Committee reported the following committees, which were +appointed: + +Committee on Business.--Rev. M. McG. Dana, D.D., of Massachusetts; +E.B. Monroe, Esq., of Connecticut; Rev. F.F. Emerson, D.D., of Rhode +Island; Rev. P.B. Davis, of Massachusetts; Rev. John Barstow, of +Massachusetts. + +Committee on Finance.--A.L. Williston, Esq., of Massachusetts; L.C. +Warner, M.D., of New York; Roland Mather, Esq., of Connecticut; S.S. +Marples, Esq., of New York; F.W. Carpenter, Esq., of Rhode Island. + +Committee of Arrangements.--Rev. J.H. McIlvaine, D.D., of Rhode +Island; G.E. Luther, Esq., of Rhode Island; John McAuslan, Esq., of +Rhode Island; J. G. Parkhurst, Esq., of Rhode Island; Asa Lyman, Esq., +of Rhode Island; Z. Williams, Esq., of Rhode Island. + +Benediction by the President. + + +TUESDAY EVENING. + +The meeting was called to order at 7,30 P.M. It was voted that the +programme as printed be adopted. The devotional exercises were +conducted by Rev. James L. Hill, of Massachusetts. + +The annual sermon was preached by Rev. Arthur Little, D.D., of +Illinois; from Isaiah vi: 1-8. + +The sermon was followed by the administration of the Lord's Supper. The +following named persons officiated at the service; Ministers:--Rev. +Robert W. Wallace, of Massachusetts, and Rev. George F.S. Savage, D.D., +of Illinois; Deacons:--McAuslan, Pabodie, Olney, Spicer, Barrows and +Fuller of Rhode Island, Hubbard of Maine, and Fairbanks of Vermont. + +At the close of the Communion, adjournment was taken to Wednesday at 9 +A.M. + + +WEDNESDAY MORNING. + +The prayer-meeting from 8 to 9 o'clock, was led by Rev. Rowland B. +Howard, of Massachusetts. At 9 o'clock the Association was called to +order by the President, who conducted the devotional exercises. + +The records of the previous day were read and approved, + +A paper, on "American Freedmen and African Evangelization," was read by +Secretary M.E. Strieby, D.D. + +A paper, on "The Hopefulness of Indian Missions as Seen in the Light of +History," was read by Secretary A.F. Beard, D.D. + +Voted that the papers read by the Secretaries be referred to the +appropriate committees. + +The Nominating Committee reported the following special committees who +were appointed: + +Committee on the Chinese.--Rev. S. Gilbert, D.D., of Illinois; Rev. +M.M.G. Dana. D.D., of Massachusetts; Rev. Geo. A. Tewksbury, of +Massachusetts; Rev. F.L. Ferguson, of Connecticut; Rev. R.W. Wallace, +of Massachusetts. + +Committee on the Indians.--S.B. Capen, Esq., of Massachusetts; Rev. +A.P. Foster, D.D., of Massachusetts; Rev. John L. Ewell, of +Massachusetts, Rev. John E. Tuttle, of Massachusetts. + +Committee on Educational Work.--Rev. Llewellyn Pratt, D.D., of +Connecticut; Rev. Julian M. Sturtevant, D.D., of Ohio; Rev. George E. +Hall, of New Hampshire; H.D. Smith, Esq., of Connecticut; Stephen +Ballard, Esq., of New York. + +A Memorial Service for Rev. James Powell, D.D., late Secretary of the +Association, was held. Addresses were made by Rev. Simeon Gilbert, +D.D., of Illinois, Rev. Geo. H. Ide, D.D., of Wisconsin; Secretary M.E. +Strieby, D.D., and President Wm. M. Taylor, D.D. Rev. A.P. Foster, +D.D., of Massachusetts, led in prayer. + +The report of the Committee on Chinese Work, Rev. Simeon Gilbert, D.D., +Chairman, was presented, and an address was delivered by Rev. M. McG. +Dana, D.D., of Massachusetts. + +An address on "The relations of the A.M.A. to Young People," was +delivered by Rev. J.L. Hill, of Massachusetts. + +Recess was taken to 2 P.M. + + +WEDNESDAY AFTERNOON. + +The Association was called to order at 2 P.M. by the President. Rev. P.W. +Lyman, of Massachusetts, offered prayer. + +A Paper on "Systematic Spending," was read by District Secretary C.J. +Ryder. + +A report and address on the Indian Work, were made by S.B. Capen, Esq., +of Massachusetts. Addresses were also made by Rev. A.P. Foster, D.D., of +Massachusetts, and by Rev. C.W. Shelton, Financial Secretary for Indian +Missions. + +The Nominating Committee nominated the following special committees, who +were appointed: + +Committee on Mountain Work.--Rev. G.S. Burroughs, D.D., of +Massachusetts; Rev. C.B. Riggs, of Tennessee; J.R. Gilmore, Esq., of +Connecticut; Rev. Morton Dexter, of Massachusetts; Chas. Coffin, Esq., +of Massachusetts. + +Committee on Church Work.--Rev. David Gregg, D.D., of Massachusetts, +Rev, Stephen M. Newman, D.D., of the District of Columbia; Rev. Wm. +Hayes Ward, D.D., of New Jersey; Frank Wood, Esq., of Massachusetts; +R.L. Day, Esq., of Ohio. + +The Committee on Educational Work reported, and addresses were +delivered in connection with the report, by the Chairman, Rev. +Llewellyn Pratt, D.D., of Connecticut, and by Rev. Julian M. +Sturtevant, D.D., of Ohio. + +An address on "The Church and the Color Line," was delivered by Rev. +James Brand, D.D., of Ohio. + +Benediction by the President, and recess taken to 7:30 P.M. + + +WEDNESDAY EVENING. + +The Association was called to order by the President, and Rev. George +A. Tewksbury, D.D., of Massachusetts, offered prayer. + +An address was delivered by Mr. Joshua Given, an Indian theological +student, giving the story of his own life; by Rev. Joseph E. Smith, of +Tennessee, on "The Evils of Caste to the Colored Race"; by Rev. B.A. +Imes, of Tennessee, on "The Evils of Secret Societies to the Colored +Race"; by Rev, J.R. McLean of Texas, on "The Evils of Intemperance to +the Colored Race." + +Adjourned to Thursday morning, at 9 o'clock. + + +THURSDAY MORNING. + +The Prayer Meeting from 8 to 9 o'clock was led by Rev. James L. Fowle, +Missionary of the American Board. + +The Association was called to order at 9 o'clock, and led in prayer by +Rev. Wm. H. Ward, D.D., of New Jersey. + +The Rev. J.H. Ross, Assistant Recording Secretary, being called away, +Rev. Frank E. Jenkins was appointed. + +The minutes of Wednesday were read and approved. + +A paper on "Our Indebtedness to the Negro During the War," was read by +District Secretary J.E. Roy, D.D., of Chicago. + +Rev. George S. Burroughs, D.D., of Massachusetts, presented the report +of the Committee on Mountain Work, following it with an address; Rev. +C.B. Riggs of Tennessee, and James R. Gilmore of Connecticut, also +addressed the Association on the same subject. + +Committees were appointed--on Secretary Strieby's paper, Wolcott +Calkins, D.D., and Rev. O.S. Dean, of Massachusetts, and Hon. A.C. +Barstow of Rhode Island; and on Secretary Beard's paper, Rev. Morton +Dexter, Frank Wood, Esq., and Rev. John E. Tuttle, all of +Massachusetts. + +Rev. Arthur Little, D.D., of Illinois, invited the Association to hold +its next Annual Meeting with the New England Church in Chicago. The +invitation was accepted by the President in behalf of the Executive +Committee. + +The report of the Committee on Church Work, and an address, were made +by Rev. David Gregg, D.D., of Massachusetts. + +Rev. Wm. Hayne Leavell, of Mississippi, made an address on "The Present +Necessities of the Negro." + +Recess was taken until 2 P.M. + + +THURSDAY AFTERNOON. + +The Association was called to order by Rev. D.O. Mears, D.D., a +Vice-president, and prayer was offered by Rev. P.B. Davis, of +Massachusetts. + +L.C. Warner, M.D., of New York, presented the report of the Finance +Committee. + +Secretary Strieby then made the announcement of the gift to the +Association of the largest donation ever made to a benevolent society +by a living donor, $1,000,894.25, from Mr. Daniel Hand, of Guilford, +Ct. Further statements were made by John H. Washburn, Esq., Chairman of +the Executive Committee; and by Rev. D.O. Mears, D.D. + +The doxology was sung, and the following resolution was offered by +Samuel Holmes, Esq., Chairman of the Finance Committee, and was adopted +by a rising vote. + + _Resolved._--That we recognize the goodness of Almighty God in + putting it into the heart of Mr. Daniel Hand to make the + munificent gift of more than one million dollars for the + education of the colored youth of the South, to be expended under + the direction of the American Missionary Association. + + We rejoice in the flood of beneficent influence which will flow + through all the years from this noble source. + + We gratefully accept the trust put upon us, promising to use it + as a stimulus for increased activity on the part of the Christian + Church, and we offer our prayer to the Divine Father, that he may + abundantly bless the remaining years of our honored friend with + the grace of His Spirit and the joy that follows the + accomplishment of the desires of a heart burdened with the love + of our suffering and ignorant fellow men. + +Prayer was offered by Rev. Thomas A. Emerson, of Clinton, Conn. + +The Association then adjourned to the chapel. + +The Nominating Committee reported the following list of officers for the +ensuing year, and they were unanimously elected. + + +President, REV. WM. M. TAYLOR, D.D., LL.D., N.Y. + + +Vice-Presidents: + +REV. A.J.F. BEHRENDS, D.D., N.Y. +REV. ALEX. MCKENZIE, D.D., Mass. +REV. F.A. NOBLE, D.D., Ill. +REV. D.O. MEARS, D.D., Mass. +REV. HENRY HOPKINS, D.D., Mo. + + +Corresponding Secretaries. + +REV. M.E. STRIEBY, D.D., 56 Reade Street, N.Y. +REV. A.F. BEARD, D.D., 56 Reade Street, N.Y. + + +Recording Secretary: + +Rev. M.E. STRIEBY, D.D., 56 Reade Street, N.Y. + + +Treasurer: + +H.W. HUBBARD, Esq., 56 Reade Street, N.Y. + + +Auditors: + +PETER McCARTEE, +CHAS. P. PEIRECE. + + +Executive Committee. + +For Three Years. + +J.E. RANKIN, +J.W. COOPER, +EDMUND L. CHAMPLIN, +WM. H. WARD, +JOHN H. WASHBURN, + + +For Two Years.--CHARLES A. HULL. + + +The report of the Committee on Secretary Strieby's paper was presented +by Rev. W. Calkins, D.D., of Massachusetts, and adopted. + +The report of the Committee on Secretary Beard's paper was presented by +Rev. Morton Dexter, of Massachusetts, and adopted. + +Recess was then taken to 7.30 P.M. + + +THURSDAY EVENING. + +The Association was called to order at 7:30 P.M., and prayer was +offered by Rev. Thomas Laurie, D.D., of Providence. + +The minutes for the day were read and approved, and the Secretary was +authorized to complete them at the close of this service and to publish +them under the direction of the Executive Committee. + +Rev. David O. Mears, D.D., of Massachusetts, addressed the Association, +and was followed by Rev. A.J.F. Behrends, D.D., of New York, and the +closing address was made by the President. + +The following vote of thanks was unanimously passed after appropriate +remarks by District Secretary C.J. Ryder. + + We approach the conclusion of this Annual Convention of the + American Missionary Association with grateful hearts for all + the way by which God has led it from the day when it crossed the + brook with its staff of testimony to this time of extended + influence and usefulness, with humble rejoicing both in the + intellectual and spiritual fellowship of this meeting, and also + with a special sense of responsibility under the burden of + obligation which God has placed upon us by this unprecedented + enlargement of our stewardship. We wish to express our devout + thanksgiving for the grace of hospitality which has been + bestowed in such abounding measure upon the churches of Christ + and the good people of this city of Providence, with whose name + in its divine significance we are to associate this peculiarly + impressive anniversary. + + We recall the delightful welcome which greeted us at the + opening of these services, only to be impressed with the + assurance that this Union Congregational Society and the other + churches of the city were not at all forgetful to "entertain + strangers." Their love indeed, made us at once to feel at home + in their households, and in the midst of their delightful + families. + + _Resolved_, That to the local committees, especially the + indefatigable Secretary, to the pastors of all the churches, + to the choir and leaders of the services of song in the house + of the Lord, to the local and metropolitan press for its + generous reporting of these meetings to the large congregation + outside by its multiform and winged processes, and to the lines + of transportation which have made us the recipients of their + courtesy, we express our great indebtedness with sincere thanks. + + And so, in behalf of the members, officers and missionaries and + friends of this great Association, we say once more: We thank + you for your generous entertainment and crave for you the + recompense for such ministering in the name of our Divine + Master. + +Rev. J.H. McIlvaine, D.D., of Providence, pastor of the church, +responded. + +The Doxology was then sung, and, after the benediction by the +President, the Association adjourned. + + HENRY A. HAZEN, Secretary. + + FRANK E. JENKINS, Ass't Secretary. + + * * * * * + +SUMMARY OF TREASURER'S REPORT. + +EXPENDITURES. + + +THE SOUTH. + +For Church and Educational Work, Land, + Buildings, etc. ...$226,345.95 + + +THE CHINESE. + +For Superintendent, Teachers, Rent, etc. ...8,920.90 + + +THE INDIANS. + +For Church and Educational Work, Buildings, etc. + ...48,967.08 + + +FOREIGN MISSIONS. + +For Superintendent, Missionaries, etc., for + Mendi Mission, income paid to the Society of + the United Brethren in Christ ...4,746.68 +For Support of Aged Missionary, Jamaica, W.I. ...250.00 + + +PUBLICATIONS + +For American Missionary, (23,400 monthly), + Annual Reports, Clerk Hire, Postage, etc. ...6,511.21 + + +AGENCIES + +NEW YORK.--Corresponding Secretary, Traveling + Expenses, Circulars, etc. ...2,543.93 +NEW YORK.--Woman's Bureau, Secretary, + Traveling Expenses, Circulars, etc. ...1,350.75 +FOR EASTERN DISTRICT.--District Secretary, + Clerk Hire, Traveling Expenses, Printing, + Rent, Postage, Stationery, etc. ...4,845.68 +FOR WESTERN DISTRICT.--District Secretary, + Agent, Clerk Hire, Traveling Expenses, etc. ...5,999.02 + + +ADMINISTRATION. + +For Corresponding Secretaries, Treasurer and + Clerk Hire ...11,720.00 + + +MISCELLANEOUS. + +For Rent, Care of Rooms, Furniture, Repairs, Fuel + and Light, Books and Stationery, Rent of Safe + Deposit Box, Clerk Hire, Postage, Traveling + Expenses, Expressage, Telegrams, etc. ...4,985.84 +Annual Meeting ...770.28 +Wills and Estates ...171.82 +Annuity Account ...630.94 +Amounts refunded, sent to Treasurer by mistake ...28.35 + ----------- + $328,788.43 + =========== + +RECEIPTS. + + Balance on hand September 30, 1887 2,193.80 +From Churches, Sabbath Schools, Missionary + Societies and Individuals ...$202,266.76 +Estates and Legacies ...47,636.20 +Income, Sundry Funds ...10,936.46 +Tuition and Public Funds ...33,180.86 +Rents ...496.40 +United States Government for Subsistence for + Indians ...18,186.74 +Slater Fund ...8,300.00 + ----------- + $320,953.42 + ----------- + 323,147.22 + Debt Balance September 30, 1888 5,641.21 + ----------- + 328,788.43 + =========== + + +ENDOWMENT FUNDS. + +Estate of Rev. Benjamin Foltz, late of Rockford, + Ill., in part ...$500.00 +Howard Carter, of Baldwinsville, N.Y., for + Education of Students for the Ministry ...500.00 + --------- 1,000.00 + + * * * * * + +The receipts of Berea College, Hampton Normal and + Agricultural Institute, and Atlanta University, + are added below, as presenting at one view the + contributions for the general work in which the + Association is engaged: + +American Missionary Association ...$320,953.42 +Endowment Funds ...1,000.00 + ------------- $321,953.42 +Berea College ...13,908.30 +Hampton N. and A. Institute ...70,379.44 +Atlanta University, (not acknowledged in + above account) ...7,955.00 + ----------- + Grand Total, $414,196.16 + =========== + + H.W. HUBBARD, Treasurer, + 59 Reade Street, New York. + + * * * * * + +REPORTS OF COMMITTEES. + + * * * * * + +REPORT ON EDUCATIONAL WORK. + +BY REV. LEWELLYN PRATT, D.D., CHAIRMAN. + +The report of the Educational Work of this Association shows steady +advance, in spite of straitened means. New responsibilities have been +assumed in consequence of gifts of school buildings, and of the +appeals from the people themselves, taxing--beyond the receipts from +the churches--the resources of the Association. + +An important feature of the Educational Work is represented in the +twenty Normal Schools, from which have gone out seven thousand young +men and women now engaged in teaching at the South. It is probable +that nearly half a million of scholars have been under their care. +These, together with the Normal Departments in our chartered +institutions, Talladega College, Atlanta University, Straight +University, Tillotson Institute, Tougaloo University and Fisk +University, (with Hampton Institute, Berea College and Howard +University, formerly under the care of the Association) are doing a +great work in training teachers, as well as leaders in industrial +pursuits and in the professions of the law and the ministry. + +In all these, the fact, now so generally received in mission work, is +fully recognized, that the leaders and teachers of a people must be +found among themselves. They have abundantly proved their eagerness +for education, their capacity for scholarship and leadership, and +their ability to meet the problems resting upon the future of their +race and of the nation. This is true, also, of the schools among the +Indians and the Chinese. + +Still, the work done by the Society and by all other agencies--State +and denominational--has not kept pace with the growth of population, +and official statistics in some portions of the South show that the +percentage of illiteracy is steadily increasing. In Louisiana, for +instance, in the last eight years--_i.e._, from 1880 to 1888--the +number of illiterate voters increased from 102,933 to 126,938, +changing the relative percentage from 52.3 per cent. who could read +and write, and 47.7 per cent. who could not read and write--in +1880--to 49.2 per cent. who can read and write and 50.8 per cent. who +cannot read and write in 1888. During that period, of the new white +voters a majority were illiterate (7.502 : 7.609); of the new negro +voters ten out of eleven were illiterate (1.588 : 16.387). Facts such +as these call for great enlargement in the direction of common school +education, and the number of teachers; make imperative demands upon +State Governments; and lead many to appeal to the National Government +for relief. They certainly justify the efforts of this Association +and necessitate a great increase of the yearly contributions from +churches and individuals. Measures should be taken to supplant the +notion that by moderate annual contributions to ordinary schools for +a few years the great task can be accomplished of lifting up a race +that had been held in bondage for centuries, that started in its +career of freedom in absolute destitution and that pursues its course +here under many disabilities; and preparing liberators, missionaries, +guides and saviours for the Dark Continent. + +At the same time, it is the belief of your committee that the +pressing need of the hour is the fuller development of the leading +institutions already established and larger equipment for the arduous +work set before the American people in our Southern States. For this +end, steps should be taken towards securing their permanent +endowment. While in every way the general work of reaching the masses +and saving them from their illiteracy is to be pressed, the time has +come to place these leading schools upon a firmer foundation and to +make them more conspicuous as centres. For this they need to be amply +endowed and maintained with steadily advancing educational courses, +suited to giving those who are to become the leaders of a great +people a broad and comprehensive education, abreast with the best in +the times in which they are to do their work. + +It is time to take comprehensive views and to plan for years to come. +Neither this generation nor the next is to see the end of the special +work to be done to fit the freedmen successfully to meet the +conditions of their freedom. It has required centuries to qualify the +Anglo-Saxon people for freedom; and we must expect that generation +after generation will pass, even with the benefits of our +experiments, experience and methods, before this people, upon whom +the duties of free men have been thrust, can successfully discharge +them. There is call for great patience, for far-reaching plans, for +large beneficence. This question of the training of these eight +millions of people is one of the most difficult set before the +American people, and is worthy of the best thought of statesmen, +patriots, philanthropists and Christians. + +For our encouragement is the ardor of the people themselves; their +readiness to receive an education; their position in a republic now +far advanced; the progress already made; the growing interest in the +States where they are most numerous to provide for them the means of +a common school education; the army of teachers already in the field. + +Believing in a wise Providence over-ruling the present and the +future, we regard the problems before us, though great, not insoluble +to faithful, wise and patient Christian effort along the lines upon +which this Association has wrought. + +We commend the wisdom and the foresight of this Association in the +planting of these institutions of learning in favorable positions, +its judicious economy in their management and its great skill in +steadily advancing their scope and capability with insufficient +resources and equipment. Upon these foundations the work should be +carried on, and large and permanent universities should be reared; +and we commend these to the Christian people for increased annual +gifts and larger permanent endowments that the great undertaking fail +not. + + * * * * * + +REPORT ON CHURCH WORK. + +BY REV. DAVID GREGG, D.D., CHAIRMAN. + +The report of your Executive Committee on church work submitted for +our review is very brief. There is a statement or two and a few +figures. It puts things in the very best light, and uses figures in +the most telling way. Its very brevity should act as a call to the +churches for more means, and more men, and more prayer, and more +enterprise. If the churches had done more there would have been more +to tabulate. + +The report reads: Four new churches organized; 972 added to Christian +fellowship; 2 church edifices built; 1 church edifice enlarged; 2 +parsonages built; a one-year-old church the centre of four +Sunday-schools filled with scholars who never before attended +religious instruction, and ten churches blessed with a revival of +religion. + +Four new churches organized! Only four? And yet the territory +awaiting churches holds twelve States, and each State is an empire. +Only four? And yet the darkest spot in the republic is crying for the +light of the Gospel. Only four? And yet three-fourths of the +illiteracy of the whole nation must be grappled with. Four new +churches versus ten millions of immortal souls! What are these among +so many? This is the question which the report of the American +Missionary Association for 1888 sends through the length and breadth +of American Congregationalism. + +To keep us in cheer the Executive Committee puts these facts by the +side of the four new churches: + +First--"In each school" (and there are seventy-six schools) "we have +an incipient church." This predicts a golden future. "Each school is +a torch of Christ in a dark place." This means advancing +illumination. + +Second--There are one hundred and thirty-two old churches fully +organized and completely vitalized. All of these are centred at +strategic points. + +Third--There is a living army of 8,452 adults, and of 17,114 children +carrying the banner of the Lord. These give themselves, and give +their substance, to the cause of Christ, and to the good of their +fellowmen, in a way worthy of emulation. + +Fourth--These churches and this army are under, and are led by +pastors who are for the most part the children of this Association. +This means thorough equipment, and discipline, and effectiveness, and +aggressive work. + +When we look at what has been done in the line of church work in our +vast field, and compare it with our limited resources, we are +satisfied and speak the praises of the noble men and women in the +field and in the office. We have garnered fruit grandly +proportionated to the planting. But when we look at the work which +has been done and contrast it with what remains to be done, we are +far from being satisfied. Instinctively we are impelled to repeat the +call of the prophet in the hearing of the Church of Christ: "Arise, +shine, for thy light has come, and the glory of the Lord is risen +upon thee." Proportioning the means used to the products reaped, we +look forward with hope, expecting a future that shall correspond with +the promises of God. The statistics in this department of the +Association's labors may look like "Holy Trifles;" and comparatively +they are "Holy Trifles;" but so is the "handful of corn" in the +Messianic psalm, which depicts the future growth of Christendom. The +things tabulated in these statistics are the "handful of corn" in our +Southland, but as we contemplate them, we may use the old, old song +of the church and sing ourselves into an ecstasy: "There shall be an +handful of corn in the earth upon the top of the mountains; the fruit +thereof shall shake like the cedars on Lebanon; and they of the city +shall flourish like the grass of the earth. His name shall endure for +ever; his name shall be continued as long as the sun; and men shall +be blessed in him and all nations shall call him blessed. Blessed be +the Lord God, the God of Israel, who only doeth wondrous things. And +blessed be his glorious name forever; and let the whole earth be +filled with his glory. Amen and amen." + + * * * * * + +REPORT ON MOUNTAIN WORK. + +BY REV. G.S. BURROUGHS, CHAIRMAN. + +Your committee, to whom those portions of the General Survey relating +to the work of the Association among the mountain whites has been +referred, are strongly convinced that this work is one of great and +growing importance. We rejoice in the evidence that such is also the +conviction of the management of the Association. + +The territory occupied by these mountain people, consisting of +between three and four hundred counties, covers an area twice the +size of New England. Its population is equal to that of New England, +excepting Massachusetts. Its resources, in mineral deposits and in +valuable timber, are varied and rich. It is being rapidly opened up +to trade, and thus indirectly to civilization. Its inhabitants are +ready to welcome outside influences, and they are in large degree +susceptible of those that are good. These facts, we believe, cannot +receive too careful attention. + +We are deeply impressed with the great destitution of these people as +regards intellectual, moral and spiritual things. Poor in the extreme +as far as their physical wants are concerned, they are still poorer +in reference to the wants of their minds and souls. So great is their +poverty in these particulars, that, in large measure, they do not, +until approached in Christian kindness, realize it. They are without +education, and without true religion; without schools and without +churches. Practically, they do not know the Sabbath; they are in +utter want and ignorance of those ordinary means of grace which are +as familiar to us as the sunshine and the rain. The violence and +social confusion which are to be expected under these circumstances +are prevalent. + +Your committee rejoice that the day of small things, in our work in +this field, is already becoming the day of larger things, with a wide +outlook into a permanent and brighter future. In two normal schools, +two academies, five common schools and twenty churches the few loaves +and fishes seem to be at hand. "But what are they among so many?" We +are grateful for the enlargement which the past year has disclosed, +for the new church and school building, find the rapidly advancing +dormitory and boarding hall at Pleasant Hill, Tenn., and for the +slightly increased accommodations in the Grand View Normal Institute, +but we see clearly that enlargement only necessitates greater +enlargement. The meagreness of the supply renders the destitution +more manifest. The little which has been done, and well done, only +gives louder voice to the demand _to do_. + +One of the most encouraging features of the work, and one which we +believe should be particularly emphasized, is the possibility of its +comparatively speedy self-support, if it be pushed forward rapidly. +It is a work which must be done to-day, and it can be done because +these people, even in their poverty, will do their part. This is +abundantly shown, not only by their disposition regarding it, but +also by their deeds in its behalf. + +The influence of the work among the mountain whites upon the general +Southern work of the Association should be carefully recognized. Here +is a vantage point which can be carried, and which must be carried +for the success of our great campaign in the South. To neglect this +present duty is to be culpable regarding the future of the +Association's activity. Problems of caste and questions bound up with +them, can, at least in part, be settled in this field. Those needed +concrete illustrations, which will tend most powerfully toward their +general settlement, can here be furnished. We do not believe that the +conquest of the West is of more importance to our Home Mission work +than is the conquest of these Southern highlands to that of the +A.M.A. It is our opinion, therefore, that there should be in this +department steady and rapid advance, and that it should no longer be +tided along. + +We fear that the facts regarding the peculiar character of this +mountain work are not sufficiently known, and that its bearing upon +the general work of the Association is not adequately realized. + +We feel that a special examination of this field may wisely be +commended to those who would devise liberal things with a view to +special gifts for institutions of learning. The church and the +school, the missionary and the teacher must go together into this +territory. Who will place a Christian college among the mountain +whites? + +We give thanks for the spared life of a trusty and consecrated worker +in this field. With the earnest prayer for means to send and employ +them, let there be joined the petition for many workers possessed of +a like spirit of earnestness and fidelity. + + * * * * * + +REPORT ON INDIAN WORK. + +BY S.B. CAPEN, ESQ., CHAIRMAN. + +It is not the intention of your committee to spend more than a moment +of the time allotted to it in speaking of the details of the work of +this Association among the Indian tribes. + +It is a pleasure to note in the Executive Committee's report that it +is in the fullest sympathy with the increased and increasing interest +in the solution of our Indian problem. It has more scholars under its +care than ever before, and is steadily increasing its buildings and +its facilities for doing its work. The four new stations provided for +at the Northfield gathering call especially for our gratitude. But +why enlarge upon these particulars? + +The work of this Association has been spread before the Christian +world in so many reports that all know of its great success. Its +preachers and teachers, who have given their lives to this work with +such courage and devotion, are also known, and it only needs to be +said in a word, that the year that has closed and whose review is now +being taken, has been one of great blessing and power. We approve of +what it has done and we commend it for the future without reserve. + +We would rather occupy our time, if we may, in looking at this whole +Indian question, hoping that we may arouse a more universal interest, +and cause, thereby, to flow into the treasury of this Society the +funds which shall enable it to enlarge and broaden its work and +hasten the complete Christianizing of our Indian tribes. + +For let it be said while I have your freshest attention, that it is +the religion of the Lord Jesus Christ, and not education or +civilization, that is to solve this problem; and all I have to say is +to lead up to this thought. Wherever modern civilization without +religion has touched the barbarian it has been to curse him. + +The blood of every American ought to tingle at the thought of the +foul stain upon our national honor because of the treatment the +Indian has received. + +General Sherman has told us that we have made more than one thousand +treaties with him, but the United States Government has never kept +one of these treaties, if there was anything to be made by breaking +it; and the Indian has never broken one, unless he has first had an +excuse in some cruel wrong from the white man. No wonder that the +Sioux have hesitated to sign their treaty. Do you not blush at one of +the reasons for this hesitation? Because they doubt whether we can be +trusted. This boasted American Republic is to them a nation of liars. + +I am glad to speak for these men who have been, so cruelly wronged. +Here before we had any rights, they have been steadily driven back +before our civilization as it has advanced from the Atlantic and +Pacific shores. While our ears have ever been open to the cry of +distress the world over, the silent Indian moan has passed, too often +unheeded. We have made him a prisoner upon the reservation, and when +we have wanted his land we have taken it and put him on some we did +not want just then. His appeal, when in suffering and distress, has +been stifled by those who can make the most money out of him as he +is; and if hungry and in desperation he leaves his reservation, we +shoot him. We have put him in the control of an agent, whose +authority is as absolute as the Czar's. We have kept from him the +motive to be different and he has been literally a man without a +country and without a hope. Multitudes of people say, "Oh, yes, the +Indian has been wronged," but it makes very little impression upon +them. It is much the same feeling that the worldly man has who +acknowledges, in a general way, that he is a sinner, but it does not +touch him sufficiently to lead him to act. Will you bear with me in +giving some facts, with the hope that all may feel that this is not a +merely sentimental, indefinite sort of a subject for philanthropists +and "cranks," and a few women, but one in which each of us has some +personal responsibility. He is your brother and mine, in need, and we +owe him a duty. Some years ago Bishop Whipple went to Washington +pleading in vain for the Indians in Minnesota. After some days' delay +the Secretary of War said to a friend, "What does the Bishop want? If +he comes to tell us that our Indian system is a sink of iniquity, +tell him we all know it. Tell him also--and this is why I recall this +fact, more true than when it was first spoken--tell him also that the +United States never cures a wrong until the people demand it; and +when the hearts of the people are reached the Indian will be saved." +Then let us try to arouse the people to demand it. + +And I beg you to notice, that the wrongs are not of the past, but of +the present. Those who say otherwise have either not examined the +facts or else they are deceived. While there has been much progress +made since General Grant's administration, the machinery of our +Indian affairs in its last analysis seems to be largely yet a scheme +to plunder the Indian at every point. Its mechanism is so complicated +that there are comparatively few who understand the wrong, and these +seem almost powerless. While there are many men in the Government +employ of the best intentions, there is always a "wicked partner" who +contrives, somehow, to rob the Indian. + +He is wronged: (1) In his person. Let me illustrate. Go with me to +Nebraska. An Indian, upon one of our reservations, injured his knee +slightly. There was a physician who was paid a good salary by the +Government, but when asked to visit this man he refused to go. The +poor sufferer grew worse and worse, till the limb became rotten and +decayed: his cries could be heard far and near in the still air, yet +the physician heeded not. A friend was asked to take a hatchet and +chop off the limb. In agony he died, the physician never having once +visited him. That was a brother of yours in America. A short time +ago, in Southern California, lived an Indian in comfort, upon a lot +of ten acres upon which he had paid taxes for years. The land about +him was sold, but no mention was made of his lot, as his lawyers told +him it was not necessary and the purchasers promised he should never +be disturbed. Within a few months, however, a suit was brought for +his ejectment, and in the midst of the rainy season, this old man of +80, his wife and another woman of nearly the same age, were put out +of their home. They were thrust with great cruelty into a wagon, left +by the roadside without shelter and without any food, except parched +corn, for eight days. The wife died of pneumonia, and the old man is +a homeless wanderer. Why this cruelty? Because there was a spring of +water on his land which the white man wanted. This was in America. + +2. In his property. Let me illustrate again. In North Dakota one of +the tribes asked that they might have some barns. The request was +granted: the lumber, valued at $3,000, was bought in Minneapolis, and +the freight charges, which ought to be about $1,500, were $23,000. A +little clerk in Washington that belongs to the "ring" "fixed it" in +this way. + +In the Indian Territory an Indian worked hard all summer, and in the +fall carried his grain to market, delivered it to an elevator, and +than the owner turned around and refused to pay him, and the poor man +had to go home without one cent. It was the worst kind of robbery. If +that man had been a German, or Swede, or a howling Anarchist of any +nation under the heavens, we would have protected him, but an Indian +has no rights in America. + +A man who has been the private clerk of one of our highest Government +officials was appointed an Indian Agent. The Indians on that +reservation were having their lumber taken from them at a price much +less than its value, and notwithstanding their protests, it went on, +the Agent refusing to listen. They complained then at Washington, and +the Government appointed one of the most corrupt of men as an +inspector. When he visited the reservation he asked for the witnesses +at once. They asked for a reasonable time to get them together. This +was refused and they asked for two days, and when this was denied +they asked for one. In their dilemma and haste they got one Indian +near-by to testify. The Agent himself broke down this man's +testimony, because he had been at fault two or three years before, in +a way which did not affect, in the slightest degree, his statement +now, and the inspector at once returned to Washington and decided +against the Indians! It was a fraud and a farce. + +3. In the helpless condition in which we have left him, he has a new +wrong now, because when he votes he is of political importance. If +you will read "Lend A Hand," you will find an illustration where the +Indians in North Carolina had become citizens and had votes, and +because those votes were cast against the powers that be, they were +willing to go all lengths, even to closing the schools, in order to +accomplish their purposes. + +And this is to be more and more a vital question, as more and more +they are becoming citizens. We talk about "dirty politics!" Is it not +a proper name, when, in order to get votes, schools are to be closed +and children left in ignorance? + +4. There is no earnestness of purpose in a majority of the Government +officials to protect him from wrong. To show exactly what I mean; +recently, in Southern California a lot of land grabbers took from the +Indians their land. When private individuals ascertained the facts, +complaint was made and an order was issued for their removal. The +time fixed was March 1st. On July 1st inquiry was made, and the agent +said the order had been carried out. But individual examination +showed the settlers to be there still, and five saloons open in +defiance of law. + +In a similar way recently, the representative of one of our +philanthropic societies had arrested an agent who had committed a +crime. It was so clear a case that he was found guilty at once. Let +us hear this travesty of justice. The law required a fine and +imprisonment both. The fine was placed by the Judge at twenty-five +cents, which the Judge paid himself. The term of the imprisonment he +made one day, and told the Sheriff to allow the jail, in this case, +to be the agent's own comfortable home. Shall we be obliged to +constitute Law and Order Leagues to see that the laws of the United +States are executed? + +This is the awful background as the starting point for this +discussion. Some people question whether or not there is a personal +devil. If any man would study the Indian question he would be +convinced there was not one only, but a whole legion of them. + +But, friends, so long as these are facts, there is an Indian +question, and there is going to be one until these things are +settled. There is nothing ever settled in this world till it is +settled right. In the progress that has been made in opening up the +possibility to the Indian, of civil rights, we may be inclined to +relax our efforts in his behalf. The passage of the Dawes Land in +Severalty Bill was, indeed, a great day for the Indian. It opens the +door by which he can have a home on land of his own and become a +citizen, with all the privileges thereof. Here, at last, is solid +ground upon which he can stand. But we must not forget that that bill +is but the commencement of what is needed. He is but a child with new +rights truly, but in his ignorance he does not know what they are. He +is surrounded by enemies as before. While he has the law and the +courts, the nearest Judge may be one hundred to three hundred miles +away. He must be brought more under the care of the judiciary. + +The Indian Bureau, as at present constituted, cannot do for him what +he needs. This is a part of the political machine, and its appointees +are selected because they have done good service as ward politicians. +It has been well said that such a Bureau is no more fitted to lead +these people aright than Pharaoh was to lead the Israelites out of +their house of bondage. + +To show how even some good men fail to comprehend the situation is +evidenced by the proposed "Morgan Bill," which in its practical +working would give the Indian Agent--already a despot--even more +power than before. By that bill he is made chief Judge, with two +Indians as associate Judges; and the agent is given power to select +the jurors when a jury is demanded. What a travesty of justice, to +make the present agent a judge and give him power to select the jury. +With such a bill the friend of the Indian may well say: Oh Lord, how +long! We must demand that all Indians, whether on the reservations or +not, shall be given full protection of righteous laws, and that the +tyrannical methods of the past shall forever cease. + +But, with the solid ground of the Dawes bill beneath, and the further +protection of the judiciary certain to be given at no distant day, he +needs, more than all else besides, the Christian school and the +Christian church. He now has "Land." If we are earnest and persistent +he will soon have "Law." But, most of all, does he need "Light," and +that light which is from above. All the laws we may enact the next +hundred years will not change the character of a single Indian. To a +considerable extent he is a superstitious pagan still. He needs Jesus +Christ. He needs to learn the Fatherhood of God and the brotherhood +of man. As it is a part of the Indian man's religious belief that his +god does not want him to work and he will be punished if he does, it +is especially necessary to touch his religious nature first. When he +accepts the Christian's God, then he will be ready to go to work for +himself. The taking up of the hoe and the spade is his first +confession of faith. What has already been accomplished through the +new laws giving him his civil rights, puts an added responsibility +upon the church. It is the Indian's last chance. Our further neglect +is his certain death. Shall we leave him with his "Land and Law" +without God? Do we realize that we have lived with these original +owners of our soil for more than two and one-half centuries, and yet, +today, there are sixty tribes who have no knowledge of Jesus the +Christ? Shall we allow longer such a stain? I know well the pressure +of various claims in religious work at home and abroad, but in the +light of what has been said, is not the duty of Christianizing the +Indians a debt of honor, a "preferred claim," which should take +precedence over others? In this way only can we partially atone for +our "century of dishonor." + +The history of the past few months, and the famous order with regard +to the use of the vernacular, ought to arouse the church to new +efforts. The probable instigators of it are known to friends of the +Indian, and it shows the necessity of increased activity on our part. +The order was despotism itself, and would have done credit to a +Russian Czar. It was a blow aimed at the Indian's highest religious +interests, and the President of the United States, instead of +explaining and translating it, should have recalled it as an act +unworthy of Christian civilization in the nineteenth century. +Everything is still done to hamper the Protestant missionary work. +The A.M.A. has a theological school, and the Government allows (?) it +to teach a theological class; but, when the students are chosen and +ready to come, the Government agents prohibit their coming. We have a +young man who has been waiting for a year for a permit from +Washington. The same obstructive policy meets us when we try to get +pupils under the Government school contracts. And even after we have +obtained the order from the Government to procure the pupils from a +given agency, the Government will, at the same time, instruct the +Agent to let no pupils go till the Government schools are full. In +this way the Christian Indian parent has taken from him the right to +send his child where he desires, for the Government stops his rations +and annuities if he refuses to send to the Government school. The +vote recently passed at the General Association of Congregational +Churches in South Dakota ought to be taken up and echoed through the +land, protesting against the assumption, by the Administration, of +the right to control our missionary operations, dictating what pupils +may attend our schools, or what language may be used in them. + +In conclusion, let us gird ourselves anew for the struggle that is +before us, to fight the enemies of Protestant Christianity, +entrenched as they are in our Government, the Indian ring, the cattle +kings, the land grabbers and the thousands whose selfish interest it +is to keep the Indian ignorant. This is no holiday affair; it means +earnest, determined work. We must give the Indian the Gospel of the +Son of God as his only safeguard for the life that now is as well as +that which is to come. Civilization, education alone can never lift +the Indian to his true position. You may take a rough block of marble +and chisel it never so skillfully into some matchless human form, and +it is marble still, cold and lifeless. Take the rude Indian and +educate him, and he is still an Indian. He must be quickened by the +breath of the Almighty before he will live. It is religion alone +which can lead him to the truest manhood, which will quicken his +slumbering intellectual faculties and prevent him from being an easy +prey to the selfishness and sinfulness of men. Let us support this +society in its grand work, by our money, our sympathy and our +prayers. Let us join in the fight, and by-and-by we will share in the +triumph. Dr. Strieby, you can remember just before this society was +formed, that it was a disgrace to be an abolitionist. It is a glory +now. The day is not far distant, yea, its light is already breaking +in the western sky, when it will be considered equally glorious to +have helped save our Indian brother, by leading him back again to +God. And while we are doing it, and as a means to this end, we must +try to get this Indian ring by the throat and strangle its life. It +has lived long enough on the blood of the Indian; let it die, and we +will never say "the Lord have mercy on its soul," for it has none. If +you have never been interested in the matter before, begin to-day; if +you have never helped before, help now. Get in somewhere, get in +quick, get in all over; do not stand around the edges looking on and +criticising others; be sure you get your pocket book open, and send +the Treasurer of the Association double what you did last year; do +something, do anything. We have been playing at missions long enough. +With our great wealth it is a disgrace that this work was not +completed long ago. With an aroused and awakened Church the whole +problem will be solved, for there will be no more Indians, but only +brothers and sisters in Christ Jesus. + + Let us fear nothing, God is with us and we shall triumph. + "Truth forever on the scaffold, wrong forever on the throne, + Yet that scaffold sways the future, and behind the dim unknown + Standeth God within the shadow, keeping watch above his own." + + * * * * * + +REPORT ON CHINESE WORK. + +BY REV. SIMEON GILBERT, D.D., CHAIRMAN. + +1. Is it worth while to attempt Christian missions among the Chinese +in our own country? + +2. If so, of how much importance is it? + +3. Who should do it? + +4. If anything is to be done by us, how much should be done? + +5. And is there any case of urgency about it? + +To the first question we answer: Yes, verily! It is worth while. +There is no form of Christian missions within the circuits of the +earth more worthy of being done, and of being done with all possible +alacrity and vigor, than this. The American Missionary Association is +exactly the Society to do it. It is the glory of this Society to +hasten to the rescue of the despised and the exceptional races and +classes in our own land. It has already done grand things toward the +evangelization of the Chinese among us. It has set an example, most +conspicuous in the eyes of all the people, of definitely planning to +make known to this peculiar people the Gospel of Redemption; a Gospel +whose supreme peculiarity it is, that it is fitted to meet the inmost +necessities of all men, of all men alike. + +The success in winning the disciples of Confucius to the cross and +the grace of Christ has been signal enough to show how completely +practicable the undertaking is. + +If it were not worth while to press our missionary effort among the +Chinese right here in America, it would be absurd to talk of +missionary effort among the Chinese in China. The importance of this +work cannot be measured by its bulk. Nor is it to be estimated by any +census of countable immediate results. It is a kind of work, which, +according as it is done, or left undone; or as it is done with slack +and nerveless hand or with vim and vigor, will test the very +character of our churches; will touch the conscience and well-being +of the nation; and will, without a doubt, have vital and decisive +connection with the future of that most populous empire on the globe. + +There is China, with its four hundred million souls, subject to a +single sovereign--a heathen empire. Here is America, Christian +America; the foremost republic among the nations, and soon to be the +leading power among the Governments of the earth. It holds already +the position of moral leadership in the far East. What shall be done +with this leadership? Right here in our midst are some two hundred +thousand representatives of that empire, every one of whom with +hardly an exception hopes some time to return to his native Orient. +What will the Christianity of America do for them? + +There is an unmistakable providence of God in the presence, in the +country, at such a time as this, of so many representatives of the +great empire. Such providences are to be reverently heeded. They are +as the banners of the Almighty, meant to lead forth His loyal people +to the gracious conquest of the world. As for ourselves, what are we +disposed to do about it? + +This conquest of the world for Christ is not to be achieved by +hap-hazard dashes. There is need of transcendent wisdom in the +strategic methods of the campaign. We have not wisdom enough for this +except as we have the wisdom to note which way the manifest hand of +God is pointing for us. Then is the time for assurance, for +obedience, and for enthusiasm in the fullest meaning of the term. + +A few thousand Chinamen are here. The Chinese Empire is open to +us--and more too! To doubt the practicability of the Christianization +of the Chinese would be treason to the Gospel of Christ; would be +blindness to the facts of Christian history, as well as to the +foreshadowings of prophecy. + +The success already in this department of the work of the American +Missionary Association has been signal enough to amount to a +demonstration. If suitably reinforced and pushed it might presently +be made vastly greater than it has as yet been. + +It is the glory of this Society to do precisely this kind of work. +All its history and traditions, all the confidences and affection of +the people in our churches toward it, favor the most resolute pushing +forward of what has been undertaken. + +The reactionary effect of this peculiar form of home-foreign mission +work upon the Christian character and culture of our own people is of +importance; of too much importance for it to be either safe or wise +for us to neglect it. Suppose this work were to be neglected, this +duty ignored, this clear providential summons slighted, what a +mockery it would be of our professed zeal for foreign missions. The +spectacle of what the Society is doing for the Chinese, especially of +what it ought to have the power and the commission given it to do, is +fitted to be peculiarly impressive, as an object lesson, to the +nation. The radical character of a nation comes out in no other way +so distinctively, as in the way it treats its weakest and most +helpless subjects. + +A grand part of the good done by the American Missionary Association +has been in its influence, first on the conscience of the churches, +and then, through this, on the moral sense and the moral sentiments +of the nation itself. This has been the case as regards the nation's +treatment of the emancipated negroes. It was this Society which, so +promptly and gloriously, lifted up and bore aloft with something of a +divine intrepidity, God's own banner of human rights and the divine +sympathy. It is this Society which has done more than any other one +agency, to revolutionize and harmonize the national sentiment as +regards the rights of the Indian to civilization and to +Christianization. If now the churches of our country will hasten to +do their duty, as in sight of him who is Father of us all, towards +our Chinese neighbors, it will not be long before the National +Government will wake to its shame and wipe off the deep disgrace of +its recent demagogy and international perfidy. + +Moreover, a more complete mistake could not be made than to imagine +that the Imperial Government of China is unobservant, whatever the +seeming invincibility of its pride and exclusiveness. China is +neither blind nor insensible. Japan has awakened; China is wakening. +Its hour is at hand; the dust of ages is stirring. The Chinese wall +is vanishing. The Supreme Government of the four hundred millions of +the Empire is at length getting in touch with the other great and +advancing Powers of the world. And the startling sublime fact of the +new _world sociability_, if we will but see it, is giving tremendous +urgency to every possible means of originating, multiplying, +communicating, and sending on and around from nation to nation, the +forces of the world-redeeming Gospel of Jesus Christ. We, therefore, +are most earnestly agreed in the conviction that, not only is the +noble work of missions among the Chinese in our country, now being +done by this Society, of inestimable value, but that it ought by all +means to be greatly and immediately enlarged and re-enforced. + +That great missionary, St. Paul, once said--and he may have often +said it--that he gloried in his own infirmities; adding that the +power of Christ might rest on him. This is our glory--if we have any. +Here is this American Missionary Association; and over against it, +face to face, is China. What proportion is there between the two? How +preposterous, one may say, the thought which we are trying to frame +into actual purpose for the regeneration of this enormous part of the +human family? Most true. And yet, along with Paul's thought, how +infinitely inspiring this purpose should be. Just the thing for us to +do is to "build better than we know." It is not our eye, but His, +which sees the end from the beginning. And it is his +providence--sometimes as a pillar of fire, sometimes as a pillar of +cloud--which shows us the way. Then it is for us to follow close up. + +When some fifteen years ago, that slender, forlorn-seeming Japanese +lad landed in Boston, with the strange, vague, resistless, +heaven-enkindled longing in his heart; what if there had been no +kindly hand to grasp his own, no heart to discern and respond to his? +How easily might young Neesima have been lost, and the fateful turn +in the destiny of Japan at the moment of its supreme opportunity for +regeneration been vastly, disastrously different! What Chinese +Neesimas to-day God's eye may have under His gracious watch and +merciful leading, we cannot know beforehand; but this is certain, +that we know enough to know that we do well to walk softly all the +day long as seeing things invisible, and that with these thousands of +Chinese among us, walking so noiselessly, so observantly in and out +beneath the very tree of life that grows beside the river of life +clear as crystal, and which proceeds direct from the throne of the +Lamb, there are doubtless God's hidden ones, whose lives, if we will +do our part; shall yet be woven in as shining and mighty threads into +the divine plan wider than any nation, larger than the world, sure +and strong as the word of Him who, at the first, said, "Let there be +light," and there was light. + + * * * * * + +REPORT OF FINANCE COMMITTEE. + +BY DR. L.C. WARNER, CHAIRMAN. + +Your Committee have made a careful examination of the books and +reports of the Treasurer, with special reference to the methods of +keeping the various accounts, the security of the invested funds and +the economy and prudence of the expenditures. + +We find the system of bookkeeping as thorough and complete as that of +any business concern. Each item of receipts or expense appears in its +proper place, where it can be found without delay. The different +departments of the work are classified and separated so that a broad +and comprehensive knowledge of the work is always before the officers +and Executive Committee. All payments are made by checks, and each +check requires the signature of two officers of the Association; thus +reducing to a minimum the chances of error or loss in the +disbursement of the funds. At the end of each quarter the +disbursements of the Association are carefully examined by the +Auditors, two responsible business men, who go over and verify the +accounts item by item. The Treasurer and other officers of the +Association are to be especially commended for the thorough and +business-like methods which prevail in the conduct of their business. + +The invested funds of the Association amount to $230,375.78, yielding +an income last year of $10,936.46. These funds are chiefly invested +in mortgages in the city and State of New York and in Government +bonds. In view of the forgeries of real estate mortgages recently +discovered in New York City, the mortgages of the Association in New +York and Brooklyn have, at the request of the attorney of the +Association, been personally examined by a member of the Finance +Committee and all found to be valid and correct. An examination of +the schedule of securities held by the Association shows that there +is not a single poor investment among them, or one on which the +interest is in default. + +Besides the invested funds the Association owns real estate in +various Southern States and in the Northwest to the value of +$600,274. This is the working plant of the Association. The +buildings, apparatus and fixtures upon this property are protected by +insurance. + +The expenditures of the Association during the past year have been +$328,788.43. This is an increase over the expenditure of last year. +The Association commenced the year with a balance of $2,193.80; it +closes the year with a debt of $5,641.20. It has therefore spent +$7,835.01 in excess of its receipts. This debt is to be greatly +regretted, for it should be the policy of the Association to plan its +work in accordance with the funds at its disposal. They are obliged, +however, to make their plans partly on faith, and it is not to be +expected that their faith will always exactly measure the benevolence +of the people. + +The increase in expenditure has been entirely in the work done upon +the field; the cost of agencies and administration being less this +year than last. This increase has been mostly in the Southern field, +and has been imperatively demanded by the natural growth of the work. +Very little new work has been undertaken, four new schools only being +added during the year; but the schools already organized have grown +in size and therefore in expense. Eleven hundred and twenty more +pupils are in attendance than one year ago, an increase of over 12 +per cent. This has required the employment of twenty additional +teachers. + +Friends of the Association have added new buildings at some of the +schools, and these new buildings, greatly needed and greatly +increasing the effectiveness of the schools, also bring increased +expense. The churches and schools of the Association are doing all +they can for their own support. The spirit of self-help is constantly +encouraged among them, but they are too poor to bear any considerable +part of the expense. + +The Association must therefore meet one of the three following +alternatives: First, the growth of its work must cease, and the +increasing number of pupils who apply to its schools year by year be +denied admittance; or second, some of the schools which have been +fostered by the Association for years must be abandoned, that funds +may be left to strengthen and develop the remainder; or third, the +churches and Christian givers of America must largely increase their +gifts to this Association to meet its increasing wants. + +The work of the Association for the coming year cannot be efficiently +carried on without increased appropriations; $300,000 is the smallest +amount which should be expended in the South, and a much larger +amount could be wisely used. The mountain work among the poor whites +is full of promise, and calls loudly for our aid, and the Association +only waits for the necessary funds to greatly enlarge its efforts in +this field. In addition to the Southern field, the Indian work +requires at least $60,000, and the Chinese work $15,000. This makes +the total amount needed by the Association next year $375,000. This +we believe to be a moderate and conservative estimate. + +This great work for the Negro, the Indian and the Chinese has been +laid upon the American Missionary Association, and upon our +denomination, as it has not been laid upon any other society or +denomination in this country. It is our duty, yea, rather, our great +opportunity. Shall we not then meet it as the stewards of God, whose +servants and disciples we are? + + * * * * * + +MEMORIAL SERVICE. + +ADDRESSES IN EULOGY OF THE LATE DR. JAMES POWELL. + +An interesting and impressive memorial service was that held in honor +of the loved and venerated Secretary, Dr. James Powell. Tender, +loving, graceful and eloquent eulogies upon his life and character +were pronounced by Rev. Dr. Gilbert, Rev. Dr. Ide, Secretary Strieby +and President Taylor, followed by an earnest prayer by Rev. Addison +P. Foster, Roxbury, Mass. + + +EULOGY BY REV. DR. GILBERT. + +It would be impossible for the officers and friends of this Society +to convene on this occasion and not feel profoundly the absence of +one whose presence for so many years has done so much to fill these +occasions with the spirit of welcome, of lofty animation, joyance, +cheer and renewed courage. + +Last Christmas the "sweet chariot" of God "swung low," and our +brother Powell was suddenly taken up from these great services here +to other and larger tasks and joys in the heavens. A life so radiant +and beneficent on earth, what must it be now that it has been +translated, and transfigured into the celestial? + +Among the richest inheritances of any people is that of the living +names and ever living influence of its noblest men and women. Even +though they have joined "the choir invisible," they still remain, a +possession and a power for all time. For there are no influences more +real, if any that are stronger, than the silent-working influence of +personal ideas; and whoever it is that helps to ennoble our ideal +conceptions of character, and to make these clearer and more vivid, +does us a vital service for which we may fitly be thankful, both to +God and to them. This American Missionary Association is already rich +in its "inheritance in the saints." + +It is no exaggeration to say, although it is very much to say, that +James Powell had come to be the most peculiarly and widely beloved +man in our denomination. That this was so was not owing to any one +quality, but must have been due to a singularly happy combination and +balance of qualities. Every one thought of him as a man having a +genius for popular eloquence. But he had also as truly unique gifts +and graces for personal friendship. Without a particle of cant, he +possessed profound religious faith and devotion. He walked with God +and had no gifts which were not consciously devoted to his service. +At the same time he was intensely human. He never affected to be +ethereal. He was a son of man, a child of nature. And he touched life +at many points. His sympathy was immensely more than mere pity. He +was instinctively, as well as religiously generous. Open hearted, +open minded, genuine to the core, quick, sensitive, responsive, +impulsive, enthusiastic; whatever he did, he did with a will and +noble zest. Happy in a certain "divine sense of victory and success," +he also delighted keenly in the successes of others; and there was +that about him which made every one wish him to succeed, expect him +to succeed, and apt to tell him so when he had done well. And yet he +was, to a singular degree, free from any promptings of personal +vanity. He had pride but was not proud; least of all was he +conceited. He never did poorly; he almost always did brilliantly; +there was not an indolent fibre in his being. He did well because he +exerted himself to do his best. He was happy in the power God gave +him, and accepted joyously the opportunities which others eagerly +offered him for doing the things that were in line with the main +purpose of his life. + +He had an exquisitely sure and alert sense of honor. He could not do +a mean thing. He won friends, and never lost any; because all felt +that he was not only so genuine and unselfish, so bright and full of +happy humor, so deep and exuberant in affection, but that he was so +perfectly to be trusted. No one knew better his own rights, or was +less wanting in any courage that might be needed to maintain them. He +was capable of high degrees of indignation, and his life work, +championing the rights of wronged and depressed classes and races, +furnished him with but too many occasions for holy anger. His soul +often burned with intensest indignation. When one night the people in +Quitman, Georgia, burned over their heads the seminary for colored +girls, or when the Georgia Legislature was enacting the infamy of the +Glenn Bill, his heart was hot as any Babylonian furnace, aflame with +indignation, as though touched with the divine wrath, the anger of +love. And yet not for a moment could one detect in him any spark of +bitterness or malice. + +But chilled now is that heart of flame; stilled now are the mighty +pulsations of that better than chivalric spirit, which up and down +the land, all over the East and the West, during those fourteen +years, did so much to _educate the churches_, and to remind the +country of the "kindness and love of God our Saviour, which hath +appeared toward man," and which ought with all possible celerity to +be manifested by men, by men of all races and of all classes, toward +one another, and to promote which this American Missionary +Association finds supremely its reason to be. + +The Society has had, has, and will have, other men in its service of +splendid personal characteristics and having peculiar fitness for the +signally providential parts assigned them in this great work, which +ought to fire the heart of every Christian in the land. One we have, +thank God, still among us, equally loved and revered, who has long +stood at the front in this mighty and benignant enterprise--may the +day be slow in coming when his great heart shall be missed from these +yearly councils! And still we may be sure that the resources neither +of our humanity nor of the grace of God are in any danger of being +exhausted. + +James Powell's Welsh blood was in his favor. His American boyhood and +training helped fit him for what was to come. That whispered word of +a Christian lady to a young man whose conversion, in turn, led to the +conversion of young Powell, proved to be a word of destiny. And his +experience abroad with the Jubilee Singers, in whose tones was voiced +the pathos of three silent centuries, had, also, not a little to do +in fitting him for the work God had in store for him. + +It is, therefore, easy to see how fortunate this society was in +having such a man for its personal representative; and, how fortunate +the churches also were in having the most characteristic spirit and +motive and aim of the cause he stood for so fittingly impersonated. +That fond mother of the famous English missionary who is reported to +have said, that "as for her son, the race of God could find but +little to do in him," did not speak for James Powell. God had given +him splendid gifts to begin with, but it was the grace of God in him +that first saved him from making shipwreck of those gifts, and then +taught him how to use them so exhaustively in his service. + +This Society represents above all things an educational enterprise. +It has many schools, chartered and unchartered, throughout the South +and West. We can never admire too much this far-reaching educational +undertaking. But, the Society is itself, in certain most fundamental +respects, the very "head-master" in the school of the churches, in +the school of the nation. And how beautifully, how superbly, how +effectively did this brother of ours shine and burn among the +churches of our land, as one commissioned of heaven to help teach us +the reality of meaning there is in this word of our Lord, how he +said, "Inasmuch as ye have done it unto one of the least of these my +brethren, ye have done it unto me." + +His memory we shall all, and always, affectionately cherish. For the +service which he rendered to the cause which we also love, we will be +devoutly thankful. If we have gotten any good from the life which he +lived before us, we can show it by the growing warmth and +completeness of our own enlistment in the same cause. Cries Mrs. +Browning at Cowper's grave: + + O Poets, from a maniac's tongue was poured the deathless singing; + O Christians, at your cross of hope a hopeless hand was clinging; + O men, this man in brotherhood your weary paths beguiling + Groaned inly while he taught you peace and died while ye were + smiling. + +But not in _that_ way was Powell the teacher of hope and of peace and +of joy to us. He showed the way of the cross and all the morning +light of hope, because he himself had found it! And how lustrous and +mighty and winning did his own way of life serve to make all this way +appear to be. + + O face, all radiant with light of love; + O eyes, so laughing in their tenderness. + So quick to read the language of distress; + O lips, so touched with flame as from above-- + +We have seen that sweet vision, and all the way before us shall be +the clearer, and we the stronger, because of it. And the sweet memory +of our brother shall remain to us. + + Like some clear large star, which pilgrims, + At their back leave, and see not always; + Yet wheresoever they list, may turn, + And with its glories gild their faces still! + +For himself, he has ascended to the mountains of myrrh and the hill +of frankincense, and has seen the day break and the shadows flee +away. But, brothers, let us cherish no such idle notion as though +James Powell had now forgotten, or has ceased to be interested in the +Chinaman, the Indian and the Negro, in America. + + +EULOGY BY REV. DR. IDE. + +If there is any special fitness in inviting me to speak on this +occasion, it lies in the fact that Dr. Powell was an intimate friend +of mine. Outside of the circle of my own home, there was no one with +whom I ever held such close and familiar relationship as with him. +Our acquaintance began in the early days of college life, when our +nation was in the throes of a civil war. We were not members of the +same class, but were brought together quite frequently through the +literary society to which we both belonged. During this period our +relations were simply cordial. Unconsciously the advice of that witty +old divine, Thomas Fuller, was being followed: "Let friendship creep +gently to a height; if it rush to it, it may soon run itself out of +breath." + +Dr. Powell graduated from Dartmouth College in the class of 1866, +while my graduation took place the previous year, in the class of +1865. My first year out of college was spent in teaching in my native +town. When the decision was reached of entering the Theological +Seminary, it was mutually agreed that we should go to Andover and +room together. From that time on our intimacy grew apace. We passed +three years together as chums; but that relation did not cease when +we separated and each went his own way to the field of labor where +the Lord had appointed. The last letter that I received from him, +(and I have been informed that it was the last letter that he ever +wrote, which reached me only the day before the despatch that +apprised me of his death), began in that same old familiar fashion, +"My dear Chum." I have thus made reference to matters somewhat +personal, that the standpoint from which I speak may be more clearly +understood. I have "summered and wintered him;" I have been permitted +to know him within and without; I have been with him in season and +out of season; I have studied with him; I have prayed with him; I +have loved him as a brother. + +It is more in accord with the promptings of my heart to speak a few +words suggested by intimacy and long acquaintance with Dr. Powell. +Many learned to respect and honor him through the abundance of his +labors in the broad field to which God in his providence called him +for service. But there is another side to that life, private, +personal, even more attractive and richly suggestive to those who +knew him best and were permitted to enjoy his friendship. + +Our brother did not possess the conventional qualities which +sometimes are associated with the "cloth." He was without that +endless gravity which could almost fittingly grace a pedestal. That +pious deacon who had not "snickered" for above forty years, would +have found his moral sensitiveness somewhat disturbed by the free, +untrammelled way in which he spoke and acted. There was no monotony +in his make-up. He was natural--natural as devoid of all cant and +affected airs. When you met him, you had not come upon some person +trumped for the occasion; it was Powell, the very man you wanted to +see. He could not be anything but himself. Genuineness and unaffected +simplicity were revealed in him, as in few others. He could be as +serious as a country judge; but he was serious because the matter was +in him, and it was the hour for seriousness. He could be as playful +as a child, but it was because the play was in him and it was time +for play. When our brother was pastor of the North Church, in +Newburyport, it was our custom to meet every Monday morning in +Boston. On one occasion, a brother-in-law of mine, a boy in his +teens, accompanied me to Boston, where we were to meet Mr. Powell. We +soon found ourselves tramping about the city on errands. Mr. Powell +was effervescing with fun. At such seasons, and they were very +frequent, he took great pleasure in making me the victim of his +frolicsomeness. On this occasion, I found that Mr. Powell had +enlisted the boy in the scheme of hiding away from me every chance +they could get. Passing through a crowd, I would look around and +discover that they had absconded; and then it devolved on me to hunt +them up, I never shall forget how this manoeuvering interested that +boy. He came up to me and whispered the first opportunity he had, "He +is the funniest minister that I ever saw in my life." That was his +first visit with Mr. Powell, but it was not the last. On that day an +attachment was formed which has lasted through all these years. A +little boy, four years old, in Oak Park, where Mr. Powell resided for +some time, was asked by his father, what he wanted to do when he got +to be a man, and answered: "Be a minister and go hunting like Mr. +Powell." He was a man for the boys. He touched a responsive chord in +their nature. He could enjoy what they enjoyed with as keen a relish +as they themselves. + +He was the very soul of friendship; he had a genius for it. The +friends that he made are only limited by the want of personal contact +with him. In the making of them it may be said "He came, he saw, he +conquered." How wide he opened his arms to receive us! There were no +partition walls to be levelled before we approached him. It required +no studied effort to get at him. The way was always clear; the door +was without a latch-string even; it was open. You never had to ask, +Is Mr. Powell in a proper mood to see his friends to-day? Why, it was +worth a journey of fifty miles just to meet that man and receive a +grasp of his hand! I remember going to a depot in Chicago to meet him +as he came in on the train. As soon as he singled me out from the +crowd, he rushed towards me, exclaiming in his bantering way: "Well, +well, well, this is the first sensible thing I ever knew you to do, +come on old fellow;" and he grasped my arm and hurried me away, +saying, "I am just glad to see you." When it is said, that he is the +"best beloved of all," is it not because he first loved us? The +generosity and friendliness of his soul captured our hearts. I +imagine that many thousands of dollars were poured into the treasury +of the A.M.A. evoked by the love kindled in hearts for our brother. +Men came to love the cause through him who loved them. + +Mr. Powell was a man of enthusiasm; he worked at white heat. The +logic of his whole life seemed to be, "What I do I must do quickly." +He could not stop; he must hurry on. He could pass easily from one +thing to another. In all the years of my acquaintance with him I +never knew him to rest as other people rest. If his body was not +active his mind was. The river of his life had no sluggish intervals; +it was a torrent from first to last. His step was a bound; his +thought rushed in its movement. He could write a sermon in less time +than any other man in the seminary, so far as I know. Plans came to +him like an inspiration and were unfolded with a rapidity that seemed +to me wonderful. His scholarship was not technical. He always enjoyed +the larger sweep of things. He would have been the last man to devote +his life to the Greek preterite, and to question whether it would not +have been better to have confined himself to the dative case! Such +minutiae of erudition might be fascinating to others; it was not for +him. His large-heartedness, his sympathy, his wealthy and generous +spirit could not be condensed into a bookworm, or a recluse. They +rather equipped him to become a watchman, that he might declare what +he saw. He needed the whole Republic to range up and down in. His +ringing words might be heard on our Western frontier; but before +their echoes had scarcely died away, their wakening notes might be +taken up and reiterated on our New England coast. He was a voice +crying in the land. Like the Great Master, he was sent to "heal the +broken-hearted, to preach deliverance to the captives, to set at +liberty them that are bruised." It was the down-trodden races for +which he lived. Such a candle of the Lord would burn down to its +socket before the day was half spent. Such hot haste and burning zeal +must consume to ashes before the meridian is turned. + +Oftentimes have I thought of our brother in connection with a remark +once made by Rufus Choate. Mr. Choate was an over-worked man, and in +his later years, the tension under which he was laboring was quite +apparent. He was met by a friend on the street one morning who +reminded him of his careworn appearance. Said his friend, "Your +labors are too unremitting, and what is worse, you are endangering +your constitution." "Ah!" said Mr. Choate, "my constitution was gone +long ago; I am living on the by-laws now." In the last years of his +life, it seemed to me that our brother was living on the by-laws of +his constitution. + +He was aware that but a brittle thread kept his earthly moorings; but +this did not deter him; he must work while the day lasted; for the +night cometh when no man can work. While the vital spark remained, he +would not, indeed we may say, he could not stay his hand. And so in +the midst of his years God took him. + +What a privilege to have walked with him in the fellowship of love, +and to have enjoyed the richness and fullness of his friendship! What +springs of tenderness in his nature ready to gush forth to refresh +and quicken the tendrils of a drooping heart. How the sorrows of +others found echo and response in his own soul. The grim messenger +death once entered my own home, and made all a desert and a +desolation. I never can forget the letter that I received from our +brother at that time. What melting tenderness and sympathy were +expressed in it! He was smitten and afflicted; he was wounded and +bruised for my sake. It was as if he was the stricken one and not +myself. But I could not account, however, at the moment, for the +blotted and blurred appearance of the writing. But it was all +explained in a postscript. "Please excuse the writing. I could not +keep the tears back; they fell so thick and fast as nearly to destroy +the legibility of my letter." How can we help loving such a man? He +took up the sorrows of others and made them his own; aye more, he +took up the woes of a race and made them his own. When did the +colored man have a better and more faithful friend than he? Who was +more completely and absolutely identified with his interests than he? +Burn down the colored man's school house through the malign influence +of caste feeling, and you had kindled in his soul the fires of an +indignation which quite eclipsed the original conflagration. + +I have been permitted to observe the advancement and development of +his faith. As the years carried him forward in his course, that faith +assumed stronger as well as more graceful and beautiful outlines. He +was not one who never had doubts or questionings. The difficulties of +belief as well as unbelief, were not unknown to him. But when he took +up the mighty task to which he consecrated his life, and was left to +grapple with illiteracy, superstition and the needs of a benighted +and down-trodden people, knotty questions in theology no longer vexed +him, for he recognized that there was but one all-sufficient solvent +for the dark problems which thrust themselves into the foreground, +and that was the redemptive power of the Gospel of Christ. Men may be +puzzled and perplexed concerning the theory of sunshine, but there +are no questionings on the subject that can override the practical +effect of the sun. The sun shines in spite of our metaphysics! Our +brother advanced into the practical aspects of faith, and had the +assurance that Christ was the light of the world, in spite of our +theories of inspiration. + +He had an unbounded faith in applied Christianity. There was nothing +it could not do in the way of recasting and uplifting the despised +peoples of the land. We had but to go forward in the name and power +of our great Leader to effect the national redemption. But I must not +detain you longer. He has gone out from us. His mission is ended +here. Those eloquent lips must remain forever sealed on earth. He +simply ceases to be seen of us. We follow his path of translation +with mingled tears and joy. The future life, whose place is beyond +the skies, was a matter of great concern to him. I recall the hour +when he returned to his room from a lecture on the immortality of the +soul. He was almost overcome by the discussion which was being +carried on in the class-room. He wanted the subject taken out of the +realm of probability, and brought to the test of certainty and +demonstration. "O, chum!" he exclaimed, "I wish I might die now; I +can hardly wait for the demonstration!" He did not wait long. The +bending heavens caught up his spirit, and he has gone into the holy +city through the beautiful gate which opens over all graves. + +"Thus saints, that seem to die in earth's rude strife, only win +double life; they have but left our weary ways to live in memory +here, in Heaven by love and praise." + + +EULOGY BY DR. STRIEBY. + +After what has been so eloquently and fittingly said I have very +great reluctance to appear before you to speak of Brother Powell. I +have on several occasions spoken of him, and it is only because I am +unwilling that the office and the office workers should not in some +way be recognized that I consent to say a few words to-day. + +What I have to say relates not so much to his public life as to our +office relations with him. It has been my sad duty to go to the +graves or speak at these meetings in reference to the death of all +the officers associated with me when I came into this work; Lewis +Tappan, George Whipple, S.S. Jocelyn, G.D. Pike--all of these I have +followed to the grave. There is this one difference between Brother +Powell's death and that of the others in our memory--all the others +had a long, wasting sickness; we remember the darkened room, the pale +face, the parched lips, the night vigils. But we have no such thought +in regard to Brother Powell's death. The morning after the holiday of +Christmas I came to the office not to hear the statement that Brother +Powell was very sick, but the astounding announcement "Brother Powell +is dead." This was indeed terrible; but the memory of Brother Powell +has not been darkened with the thought of sickness, but remains with +us just as he was in health and vigor. We still think of the quick +step with which he came into the office, the hearty cheer with which +he greeted us, the pleasant face that shone not only at the door, but +through the whole day. He was a busy worker, as has been said, but +ever and always the same bright face, the same cheerful heart, the +same warm love, the same readiness to help bear everybody's load, +went through the long day. If you have ever spent a day in the +mountains, with its breezy temperature, and yet with the sun filling +the whole blue heavens and shining on all things--water, mountain, +valley, tree and grass--if that day has left its memory of brightness +and sweetness in your heart, such is the memory left on us in the +office by Brother Powell. + +I must speak of his faithfulness as a worker. It has been referred to +in better language than I can give, but Brother Powell was +indefatigable; he knew no rest; when he toiled until the string +snapped he would go down into a sickness that lasted usually just six +days; then he would rise as quickly. This one instance will show how +he sacrificed himself. On one Sabbath he preached two or three times; +then on Monday he sank down in a six days' illness, but on the next +Sabbath morning he had agreed to preach in Mr. Beecher's church in +Brooklyn, and taking himself out of his bed, he did preach in that +church twice, and then sank down into another six days' illness. It +was in this way that the man burned out his life in the service. I +often urged him to rest, I urged his dear wife to persuade him to +rest, but I always had from him the assurance, "It is more wearisome +to spend the day in trying to rest than to work." He always worked at +a white heat or he was sick. + +Brother Powell was a consecrated man, and with this I shall close. +His eloquence was appreciated. He had calls to go elsewhere, to +greater fields with larger salary, to apparently greater popularity, +but these he always and unhesitatingly declined. He stayed with us, +and I believe that it was Brother Powell's sympathy with the Lord +Jesus Christ in those poor, degraded races that led him to say, I +will give my life to them and let the honors and emoluments of the +world go. Such was the man we loved and honored in our hearts. + + +EULOGY BY PRESIDENT TAYLOR. + +I knew Brother Powell, of whom the friends have spoken so +beautifully, touching our hearts so deeply. + +I was most impressed by two things in Brother Powell--his radiant +joyousness and his delightful humor, and the ease with which he could +make the transition from the telling of a funny story to the uttering +of a devout prayer, thus leading others with him up to the very steps +of the throne of grace. + +A while ago, in Scotland, there was an old Covenanter, William +Guthrie by name, who had a disposition very much like Brother +Powell's, full of joyousness and fun--let us call things by their +right names--and on one occasion a large number of brethren gathered +together in his manse, among whom was James Durham, better known as +the author of a book on Revelation, who was a popular minister in +Glasgow at the time. He was a very serious man, like the dog that +John Brown tells about, with a life so full of seriousness that there +wasn't anything of the joyous in his disposition, but on that day +Guthrie was bubbling over with fun, and while they were worshiping he +was called upon by a brother to pray, and he went just straight up to +the Hearer of prayer, and they were all moved to tears by his +devotion; and Durham said after they arose from their knees: +"William, I can't understand. If I had been as merry as you were a +little while ago, I could not have prayed for four and twenty hours;" +and Guthrie replied: "If I hadn't laughed so much I couldn't pray." + +My model is Paul. Hear what he says: "Rejoice in the Lord always, and +again, I say, rejoice. Let your moderation be know unto all men. The +Lord is at hand. Be careful for nothing, but in everything by prayer +and supplication, with thanksgiving let your requests be made know +unto God. And the peace of God, which passeth all understanding, +shall keep your hearts and minds through Christ Jesus." + +You see how near the joy follows the serious. + +The Lord knew that the Christian lives in the ray of sunshine of +Jesus, and we do dishonor to our Master, because we do not let our +joyousness speak for him. And I bless God that wherever James Powell +went he went with joy, the man he was. He did not keep it within. The +joy of his Lord was with him even on the day when men shall depart +because he is with them. + + * * * * * + +THE AMERICAN FREEDMEN AS FACTORS IN AFRICAN EVANGELIZATION. + +BY REV. M.E. STRIEBY, D.D. + +The presence of the Freedmen in America is an anomaly in the world's +history. European nations have gradually abolished serfdom, and the +master and the slave being of the same race, the line of separation +has soon broken down. In America, slavery is abolished, but the +master and ex-slave are as far apart as ever. America is a nation of +immigrants, mostly from Europe and Africa. The Europeans soon +assimilate, and only the tradition of the individual family tells of +the particular nation from which it came. But the African immigrants +are still, after nearly 300 years' residence in America, separated +from the white race by visible marks of color and features, and are +thus, at the same time, identified with the land of their fathers. + +Are not these facts suggestive? Does not the persistent race-identity +of these people, linking them still with Africa, suggest a duty they +may owe to it; and do not their vigorous intellects and warm +religious characteristics indicate that duty to be a high and sacred +one? + +On the other hand, Africa, the land of their fathers, is another +anomaly in the world's history. For a thousand years it was unknown +to the civilized world; its people are the most degraded upon earth, +and it is a shame and reproach to the church that it has done so +little to enlighten them,--yea, a double shame when, as is now well +known, Mohammedanism is spreading most rapidly over the whole +continent. + +These added facts emphasize the question already asked, Are not these +freed Negroes peculiarly fitted and providentially called to carry +the gospel to their fatherland? Is there not here a Divine purpose +that the church should be quick to see and prompt to carry out? As +the Hebrews were taken to Egypt, disciplined by bondage, and made +familiar with the arts of the most enlightened nation then on earth, +and were thus prepared for their high destiny in developing the plan +of salvation, so are not these children of Africa, chastened by their +severe bondage, brought into contact with the civilization of +America, and fitted by their ardent religious impulses, destined to +bear a large share in the work of Africa's evangelization? + +It is to the development of this thought that I invite attention. Let +me first revert to the slow progress of Christianity in Africa, +Christianity, soon after the apostolic age, made one of its brightest +triumphs in Northern Africa--in Egypt and Abyssinia. But ere long +that light went out there and never penetrated the great continent. +So far as is now known, darkness has ever hovered over it--ignorance, +superstition, degradation, cannibalism, slavery and war, have made +and perpetuated that darkness. + +But I wish now to call attention to the efforts of the church in +modern times to preach the gospel in Africa. There are now, so far as +I can ascertain, forty-one societies engaged in missionary work +there. The number of missionaries employed by them in Africa, foreign +and native, is 1,086. These have endured the malaria of the climate +and the dangers from hostile people, and some of them have shown the +most heroic spirit of self-sacrifice. They have been preceded by +others, who have laid down their lives in the work, and the living +stand on the graves of the dead, expecting soon to follow. A measure +of success has attended and rewarded this zeal, and a few favored +examples can be found of men who have long endured the climate and +have seen the good work grow upon their hands. But the results, as a +whole, have been discouraging. Christianity has found a precarious +footing along the shores of the continent while, as yet, in the vast +interior the missionaries are compelled to follow at a tardy pace the +footsteps of the explorers. Africa is yet unevangelized. + +The causes of this are not far to seek. The white missionaries from +Europe and America succumb under the fatal malaria, or are deterred +by the unreasoning and deadly hostility of the natives. The +missionaries are a foreign people, with different color, features and +habits. They are known to the natives as coming from nations that +have plundered and enslaved them. They come as a superior race, +unable to meet the natives on the basis of a common brotherhood. A +gulf yawns between them. The Christianization of Africa needs a new +impulse from some other quarter. + +On the other hand, and in sharp contrast with all this, is the rapid +progress of Mohammedanism in Africa. This progress has been noted by +the modern explorers, but has been recently brought more distinctly +to the attention of Europe and America. Dean R. Bosworth Smith, in +the _Nineteenth Century_ for December, 1887, thus states the extent +to which Mohammedanism covers Africa: "It is hardly too much to say +that one-half of the whole of Africa is already dominated by Islam, +while, of the remaining half, one-quarter is leavened, and another is +threatened, by it. Such is the amazing, the portentous problem which +Christianity and civilization have to face in Africa, and to which +neither of them seems as yet half awake." + +The causes of this rapid spread over Africa are easily discernible. +The Mohammedans, though they appeared at first as conquerors, became +at length Africans by their permanent residence on the soil, and they +went forth afterwards in propagating their faith, not as warriors, +but as fellow-citizens and brothers. They resembled the natives in +color, manners, and modes of thought, and readily assimilated with +them by marriage ties and the affinities of home life. Their converts +among the native races were even more naturally welcomed, as friends +and brothers. They, of course, found no difficulty with the climate, +for in it they were born. + +While we repudiate emphatically the idea that Mohammedanism can be a +substitute for Christianity in civilizing Africa, yet it is only just +that we should admit that Islam brings with it some influences for +good into that benighted land--influences that strongly appeal to the +higher instincts and aspirations of the people, and are, therefore, +an elevating power. First of all, the One True God of Islam tends to +lift the African above his idols, his fetich, his witchcraft and his +cannibalism. Then, the prohibition of wine and strong drink snatches +the people from what threatens to be the vortex of their +ruin--intemperance; while Christian nations are now, to their shame +and infamy, swelling the floods and increasing the velocity of that +vortex by larger importations of intoxicating liquors. Then, too, the +followers of Mohammed are using the school of the prophets in the +preparation of their missionaries. The great training school, the Old +University of Cairo, is said to number at times as many as ten +thousand students of the Koran, a number which may well challenge a +comparison with the Protestant Theological Seminaries of Europe and +America, not only by their numbers, but by the astonishing success of +their pupils as missionaries. They run where we halt, they win where +we fail. + +It is now in order to ask if the Freedmen of America can be fitted to +take a special part in the evangelization of Africa. There are strong +reasons for believing that they can be; they have race advantages +similar to the Mohammedans, and they can readily obtain the acquired +advantages of the white missionary. In the first place, they are +numerous--eight millions now, and increasing rapidly. In physical +proportions they are stalwart and vigorous, inured to toil and +capable of great exertion. Their mental powers are quick and +susceptible of wide culture. Their capacity to acquire learning, even +in the higher branches, has been abundantly proved in the schools +they have attended. + +The religious characteristics of the race are very marked; faith, +hope and love are leading traits. They endured a bondage that would +have crushed other races; their faith and hope never deserted them. +Their bitter experience in those long and weary years drove them to +God as their only source of help, and the "Slave Songs," with the sad +history out of which they grew, are among the most pathetic +utterances of patience, trust and triumphant hope that human +literature presents. So it was during the war, which was long and +sometimes of doubtful result, but they never lost their faith in +their ultimate deliverance. The Jew in his journey from bondage to +Canaan, often became despondent and murmured; the Negro never did +either. + +Hear the Jew: + +"Because there were no graves in Egypt, hast thou taken us to die in +the wilderness?" + +"Let us make a Captain and let us return into Egypt." + +Hear the Negro, in the Slave Songs: + + "Way over in the Egypt land, + You shall gain the victory. + Way over in the Egypt land, + You shall gain the day. + _March on_, and you shall gain the victory, + _March on_, and you shall gain the day." + +Such a people are surely destined to develop a rich and beautiful +Christian life. If they should be specially trained, and their warm +hearts inspired, for the work of missionaries to Africa, who can +doubt the success of their efforts? They would stand on a better +vantage ground there than the Mohammedan, for he is a foreigner +transplanted on the soil. They would come back to the home of their +fathers, and would meet the natives as brothers--long separated, yet +as brothers; their color and personal characteristics would attest +the kinship, their Christian love would kindle towards the degraded +of their race, and their holy ambition would be fired by the great +work to which they were called--the uplifting of the millions of +long-neglected Africa. It would be reasonable to expect that they +would endure the African climate better than the white man. They are +a tropical race, and, in America, they love and cling to the sunny +South, seldom migrating to the North; they do not suffer from the +malaria that is so fatal to the whites in the South. + +These views and impressions are confirmed by actual experience. With +a view of learning the results of that experience, I addressed +letters to the Secretaries of all the larger societies in Europe and +America doing missionary work on that continent, and, in due time, +received courteous replies from nearly all of them, giving opinions +and facts with more or less fulness of detail. My inquiries mainly +centered around two points: first, the ability of the colored +missionary as compared with the white, to endure the climate; and +secondly, his relative success as a missionary. The opinions given in +those letters, as might be expected, are various, and the facts +themselves, gathered from widely different sources, and relating to +very different climates and local circumstances, point to somewhat +different conclusions. + +The specific statements of these letters may be thus summed up: + +1. No society reports that the colored man is _less_ healthy than the +white; one or two societies discern as yet no special difference; but +the larger number say that he endures the climate much better than +the white man. + +2. On the second point--the comparative success of colored +missionaries--the testimony bears very decidedly, _as a rule_, and +_as yet_ against them; while a few and very favorable exceptions +indicate that the fault is with the individual and not with the race, +and hold out the hope that time and better training will remove the +difficulties. + +The more full account may be thus given: Some of the societies charge +a want of carefulness, perhaps a want of integrity against the +colored missionaries--that "colored treasurers will not render +accounts, teachers will not make reports, missionaries desire to +control, and they seldom are sufficiently respected, especially when +of younger age." Now, these are manifestly the vices and infirmities +of an immature and imperfectly cultured race. We must recollect that +centuries of civilization and Christian influences are behind +Europeans and Americans, while the native African, converted and +trained in his own land, has behind him only the few years of his own +life separating him from the densest degradation of heathenism; the +African born and converted in the West Indies has been a freedman +only since 1840; and the American Negro was perhaps himself a slave, +and his race had the shackles struck from their bodies only in 1863, +while the fetters of ignorance and vice still manacle the minds and +hearts of the mass. We ought not, therefore, so much to wonder at the +failure of the many, as to rejoice and take courage at the success of +the few, especially as there is a bright side to the dark picture, to +which I now take pleasure in turning your attention. + +There _have been_ some very successful colored missionaries in +Africa, whom the Christian world has known and honored, and the +letters I have received joyfully refer to them, and mention others +not yet widely known, but whose work attests their wisdom, piety and +usefulness. Thus one Secretary refers to a missionary, born a slave +in America and educated here, as "the most scholarly man in the whole +mission." Another society testifies, and our personal knowledge of +the man referred to confirms the testimony, to the remarkable success +of one of its colored missionaries as "a business manager, a preacher +and a teacher, showing himself fully equal to any emergency, and +remarkable in his influence with the heads of the tribes, and his +success in winning souls." The testimony in regard to two others of +its missionaries is almost equally emphatic. + +The Secretary of the Protestant Episcopal Church of America writes: +"All ordained men on our missionary staff in Africa, from the Bishop +down, are colored men. I think we have concluded that, all things +considered, except for the work of higher education, colored +missionaries are more available in that field than white." He refers +with gratification to the career of Bishop Ferguson, the only colored +man who has a seat in the American House of Bishops, who was born in +America, educated in the mission schools, and has risen through the +positions of teacher, deacon, priest and rector, until he was +consecrated the Bishop of Cape Palmas in 1885, and has worthily +filled all these positions. The Church Missionary Society of London +refers to the remarkable career of Bishop Crowther, who was born in +Africa, put on board a slave ship, rescued, and landed at Freetown, +educated in Sierra Leone and in England, and at length entered his +chosen field on the Niger, reduced the language of the people to +writing, and preached the gospel to them in their native tongue. In +1861, there were reported to be 1,500 converts as the result of his +labors. He received the degree of D.D., from Oxford, England, and was +consecrated in 1864 African Bishop of the Niger. This society also +mentions others, one as possessing "special educational and +linguistic powers;" another as a "pastor and evangelist with +remarkable power and spiritual influence;" another as "a practical +organizer and administrator;" another as "very successful in +educational work," and it adds: "Many others have also shown +considerable power as educationists, pastors and evangelists." + +From all these facts, the inferences are plain: + +1. That Negroes have succeeded in this work, and that those in +America can be prepared for it. They can endure the climate, find +ready access to the hearts of the people, and be eminently successful +in preaching the Gospel. They should have the best training for the +purpose, and great care should be exercised in selecting and sending +forth only those of good education, mature character, sound judgment +and unquestioned piety. + +2. America owes it as a debt to them and to Africa that they be +furnished with the means for this training. The guilt of man-stealing +and of slavery can have no better atonement than by sending back to +Africa the sons of those stolen from those benighted shores, who +shall bring with them the light and blessing of civilization and +Christianity. England, too, having had a share in introducing slavery +into America, should take its share in making this atonement. + +3. The colored people of America should be aroused to this +providential call to this high mission in behalf of their fatherland. +We do not question nor minify their great duty and destiny in +America. Their warm affections, their easily kindled zeal, their gift +of song and eloquence, will yet add an enriching pathos to our piety, +and a wider range to our patriotism. But this call to Africa, while +not interfering with duty here, will broaden their vision and deepen +their piety. There will be a grand uplift to them in grasping and +endeavoring to realize this great work. It will raise them above +petty ambitions, it will give a practical turn to their religious +enthusiasm, and bring them into closer sympathy with Jesus Christ. +They have been in fellowship with Him in suffering, they may now be +co-workers with Him in redemption. + +But Africa, so degraded! Why should her sons go back to her? The Scot +loves the hills and the glens whence his family came; the German +never forgets the Fatherland; but what is there to awaken the love of +the Negro for Africa? Gen. Garfield was born in a humble home, and +went thence as a canal driver, but when he became President of the +United States he did not despise that humble home, nor the mother +that bore him, lowly as both were, but at his inauguration he had his +mother placed in an honored seat on the platform, and his first act +after taking the oath of office was to step over, before that vast +assembly, and kiss that mother. + +American descendant of Africa! The home of your fathers is humble and +degraded, and you are elevated and refined. Show that you are really +great and Christlike by giving the redeeming kiss to Africa! + + * * * * * + +THE HOPEFULNESS OF INDIAN MISSIONS, AS SEEN IN THE LIGHT OF HISTORY. + +BY REV. A.F. BEARD, D.D. + +The contemplation of the past sometimes weakens the energies for +action in the present. But when the present is a consequence of the +past, we can scarcely do our work rightly if we neglect the lessons +of experience. + +The history of missions among our Indian tribes has lessons in it +which may be wisely heeded. + +When the first settlers of this country left their ships, which had +been freighted with the destinies of a continent, and faced the +perils of a wilderness, they met at the outset a strange people. No +one knew who they were, nor how many; they themselves did not know. +They had no history. They had become vain in their imaginations, and +their foolish heart was darkened. Ignorant as to the past, their +theory of the future was vague and shadowy. Their spirits would exist +after death. The heroic and brave and worthy would go to the happy +hunting-grounds, where would be pleasant climate and fair weather, +and where abundance would be exhaustless and satisfactions complete. +The unworthy would wander without in a state of misfortune and +restless discontent. For their religious ceremonies, a priesthood +existed, and those who composed this were devoted to it from their +childhood. The howling dervishes of Turkey and the pagan priests of +the South Sea Islands, may be compared with the pow-wows of the North +American Indians. + +It is impossible to estimate the number of this aboriginal +population. Doubtless the popular impression is an exaggerated one. +It would be safe to say that, all told, there were never at any one +period, more than half a million of these people, occupying the +present territory of the United States from ocean to ocean. They were +widely scattered, so that there were great stretches of forest and +prairie lying between the different tribes. + +There were many groups, distinct in their languages, which yet bore a +general resemblance to each other in construction, so that the +several tribes could at least easily learn to understand each other. +I think that the weight of authority is, that they belong to one +family of nations, and are derived from one stock, while they display +considerable diversities in language and customs. + +The motive of the early settlers of New England, which took +precedence over all others--as they declared--was "_a desire to +advance the gospel in these remote parts of the world, even if they +should be but stepping-stones to those who were to follow them_." +Finding these barbarous tribes here, the Pilgrim Fathers bartered +with them for peaceable possession, which they did not always secure. +As civilization encroached upon barbarism, the colonists kept their +homes often only by the defences of war. But peace was in the hearts +and purposes of the early settlers. + +As early as 1643, the Rev. John Eliot, who had been educated at the +University of Cambridge, England, and who had come to Boston, +Massachusetts, in 1630, wrote that he had "been through varieties of +intercourse with the Indians, and had many solemn discourses with all +sorts of nations of them." It was his theory that they were the +descendants of the lost tribes of Israel. He acquired their language. +It was an arduous undertaking, but he said "Prayer and pains through +faith in Christ Jesus will do anything." + +In 1660, he had visited all the Indians in the Massachusetts and +Plymouth Colonies, and preached the gospel to them, and the first +Indian church was then formed. + +In 1661, he had translated the New Testament into the Indian tongue, +and in 1663, the Old Testament. This Indian Bible was published at +Cambridge, and was the only Bible printed in America until a much +later period. Besides this, Eliot instituted schools, and induced +large numbers to give up their savage customs and habits, and to form +themselves into civilized communities. + +The zeal of Eliot quickened that of others, and in 1674, there was a +missionary circuit of 14 villages and 1,100 praying Indians. + +At this same date, through the sacrificial labors of Mr. Thomas +Mayhew and his son, there were 1,500 praying Indians in the Island of +Martha's Vineyard and vicinity. The next year came war--King Philip's +War. It meant extermination of the whites, or conquest of the red +men. Civilization was too strong to be resisted by barbarism, and +then began the long catalogue of organized Indian miseries. The +General Court ordered the removal of the conquered Indians, and they +were pushed away before the aggressive steps of a stronger race. In +1743, the Rev. David Brainerd was propagating missions among the +Indians with success in various places. Idolatrous sacrifices were +altogether abolished; many heathen customs lost their sanction, and +sincere converts were made whose pious lives and peaceful deaths +attested to the influence of the spirit of God in their hearts. + +At this period of history the Moravian Church began missions in +Pennsylvania among the Delawares. Christian Rauch soon won the +confidence of the savages and excited their astonishment. And +observing him asleep in his hut, an Indian said: "This man cannot be +a bad man, he fears no evil, he does not fear us who are so fierce, +but he sleeps in peace and puts his life in our hands." There was a +remarkable acknowledgment of this mission in converted souls. The +Moravian Missions in various sections of the country, from the early +date of 1740 until now, have been characterized by courage, activity, +humility and devotion. In the midst of these scenes of devastation +and murder, the Moravian missionaries have wandered in deserts, in +mountains, in dens and caves of the earth, never relinquishing their +purposes, and they have obtained a good report through faith. + +The American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions, which began +its existence in 1812, adopted measures in 1815 for carrying the +gospel to the Indians. One hundred thousand of these people, as +untamed as when the Pilgrims met them at Plymouth, as ignorant in +most respects, and as truly heathen as were their fathers centuries +before them, were then supposed to be living east of the Mississippi +River. The first mission was among the Creeks and Cherokees. Three +missionaries and their wives began the work. In character it was a +compound of mission boarding school and agricultural college. In +eighteen months, the Indian boys could read the Bible, and nearly a +score of them could write; five converted heathen were members of the +church. + +Next, in 1818, missions were begun among the Chickasaws and the +Choctaws. Here, also, the first work was that of the school. So eager +were the Choctaws for instruction, that eight children were brought +160 miles across the country before the missionaries were ready for +them, and in one year from that date the Choctaw Nation voted to +devote to the schools their entire annuity of _six thousand dollars_, +from the sale of their lands to the United States. + +The missionaries were subject to unceasing hindrances from renegade +whites, who are always on the borders of civilization, and have +usually been the enemies of missionaries. + +But among the Cherokees no year passed without conversions. Those who +appeared to the missionaries so wild and forbidding that they were +received with fear, came under the gospel power and were clothed and +in their right mind. In six years the Church had largely increased. +Indians traveled a score of miles to attend the services. As yet, +there was no Cherokee written language. This mission was eight years +old when the four gospels were translated into the Cherokee tongue, +and in three or four years more, one-half the nation could read. +There were now among the Cherokees and the Choctaws, eighteen +missionary stations. + +In 1826, the Board began work among eight other tribes in different +parts of the country. + +It next took charge of the Stockbridge tribe, whose ancestors had +enjoyed the ministry of the celebrated Dr. Jonathan Edwards. They +were originally in Massachusetts. They were pushed back hundreds of +miles to Central New York, then pushed further back hundreds of miles +to Indiana; then pushed still further back hundreds of miles to +Michigan, and finally pushed back once more and allowed to rest in +the remote West--in Minnesota. During all these cruel removals, they +had themselves kept alive a school, and had among them exemplary +Christians. Now, after one hundred years of such history, the +American Board put a mission among them. The church survived, and the +whole settlement took in the spirit of civilization and took on its +forms. A year later were added the missions to the Chickasaws, and +now, about the close of the year 1830, it seemed as if the fruitage +of this Indian missionary consecration were at hand. Half the +Cherokees in Georgia could read. Civilized life had taken firm hold +on them, and they were governing themselves with Christian laws. +Eight churches were in life and power among them. The Chickasaws had +their church in Arkansas, and the Cherokees there, another. The +churches of the Choctaws had received to their communions that year +two hundred and fifty members who were hopefully converted, and in +all the Indian Missions of the American Board there was a steady +increase of hopefulness, while the members in tribes were also +increasing. + +"Everywhere the fruits of the missions among the Indians were +abundant. No more docile pagans were ever approached with the gospel +than some of these peoples." + +Nevertheless, from this period of time, Indian missions cease to be +successful for a generation. + +The mission to the Chickasaws was abandoned in 1834; to the Osages in +1836; to the Stockbridge tribe, in 1848; to the Choctaws, in 1859; to +the Tuscaroras, in 1860; and to the Cherokees, in 1860; until at last +but a single mission remained, that among the great Sioux tribes or +the Dakotas. Twelve missions and forty-five churches, which reached +about one hundred thousand Indians abandoned in twenty-six years! + +The question now asks itself: "Why were not these hopeful missionary +efforts to these pagan tribes more permanent? What turned the tide of +success and left the missions stranded?" Here comes the story of +dishonor. The Indian was here when the white man came. The Christian +white men recognized the Indian's right of occupancy as a right. They +did _not_ hold that half a million savages had a right to dispute the +ultimate sovereignty of civilization, but they agreed that when +civilization should move forward and barbarism should retreat, the +Indian should have Christian justice and not un-Christian wrong. He +should not be oppressed. He should be treated equitably. His rights +should be acknowledged, and if the demands of the greater number and +the greater life asked for a surrender of his rights as original +occupant, then there should be fair consideration, compensation and +honesty. It may be the providence of God that barbarism shall be +crowded out by civilization, that the Indian's hunting-ground shall +yield to the railway and the marts of commerce. It may not be right +that a continent of eight millions of square miles, more than twice +the size of all Europe, fair and beautiful and rich in resources, +should be kept for game preserves for half a million savages. It is +right that the forest should fall to make room for New England +villages, with their churches and school-houses and industry. The +rude stage of existence must make way for a higher. But the higher +has no right to be wicked in its onward movement. It has no right to +rob or cheat. It has no right to make compacts and violate them. It +has no right to break its faith with the weak. It has no right to +outrage the principle of justice. + +The history of Indian wrongs by the whites in the inevitable advances +of civilization, need not be recited here. Unscrupulous greed has +hovered about the Indian reservations as waiting buzzards hover near +the wounded creature upon whose flesh they would fatten. Lands +guaranteed to the Indians were encroached upon by white people. These +encroachments resisted led to wars. Savage nature, wrought up with a +sense of injustice and burning for revenge, swept down upon guilty +intruders and innocent settlers alike, with indiscriminate massacre. +Then the Government called out its soldiery, and Indian wars with +less than half a million savages have cost the United States +$500,000,000, enough to plant missions among all the heathen tribes +of the world. + +Frontiersmen who have coveted the Indian reservations, when they +already had more land than they could use, without the possessions +which they desired to secure, have satisfied themselves that a +degraded race of savages had no rights which they were bound to +respect; and how could the missionaries prosper, when the ignorant +saw such exhibitions of character and life on the part of the people +from whom the missionaries came? These wars have led to cancellation +of treaties, because of inhuman violence, and then, the reservation +taken up, the savage is removed still further back. Thus the Indians +have been planted and uptorn, re-planted and uptorn, and re-planted, +until they are now removed, not hundreds of miles from the grounds of +their fathers, but thousands of miles. A tree will not grow if +uprooted and transplanted every few months, and this will in brief +tell us why the missions which began with the Moravians and the +American Board, and which were so hopeful, were one after another +abandoned. These constant removals were as disastrous to missions as +they were unjust to the Indians. It was remarkable that there should +be the degree of spiritual fruitage through all this period of Indian +removals and Indian wrongs, which characterizes the labors of those +who often, at peril of life, labored on for the red man's salvation. + +The American Board began its work among the Dakotas in 1835. It was +one of the most powerful tribes on the continent, numbering over +40,000. Their hunting-grounds extended from the 43 degrees to the 49 +degrees of latitude, and from the Mississippi River to the Black +Hills west of the Missouri. This was a territory equal in extent to +that of Scotland. The name Dakota means the "allied one," and +indicates the bands that united to form the tribe. The missionary +work, which was initiated under Rev. T.S. Williamson, Rev. J.D. +Stevens and Rev. S. Riggs, with their wives, and lady teachers, began +prosperously, and in six years forty-nine persons were formed into a +church. For some years the accessions were mostly women. The +acceptance of Christianity was more difficult to the men. The change +in the manner of life involved in it was greater. It meant entire +reconstruction of their ideas of life, and in the manner of it, the +abandonment of polygamy, the adoption of civilized dress, the spirit +of obedience and industry. These were the contradictions to centuries +of tradition and custom, and meant to an Indian brave the becoming +like a woman. At length, however, the gospel did take hold of the +warriors. The work and the faith of the missionaries were thoroughly +tested by the opposition this aroused, but the gospel won its way. At +last, when the rumors of the Civil War between the Northern and the +Southern States came to the Indians, it set their hearts aflame for +battle with their white neighbors, whose encroachment they resented. + +Then broke out the dreadful Minnesota massacre, when the missionaries +were compelled to flee for their lives, and the missions were +abandoned. Twelve hundred United States troops at last scattered the +savages and took about five hundred prisoners. They were incarcerated +at the Mankato prison in Minnesota, where thirty-eight were hung in +one day. The remainder in prison were visited by the missionaries, +and the prison house became a chapel. Soon it was a Bethel, a great +revival began, which lasted all winter, and in the spring, two +hundred Dakotas were added to the church in one day, and when they +were transferred to the prison at Davenport, they went out in chains, +but singing the 51st Psalm to the tune of Old Hundred. They carried +the fire from heaven with them to the Davenport prison, and when, in +1886, the prisoners were released, more than four hundred were +hopefully converted, and when they joined their families in Nebraska, +these gathered together in one communion, and called it the Pilgrim +Church--about two hundred years after John Eliot, of the Pilgrims at +Boston, gave his life to the Indians of Massachusetts. A people as +remote from civilization as were the Indians of 1640 founded their +Pilgrim Church. + +Now at length the Dakota missionaries began a new life among these +tribes. By the wonderful and strange providence of God, there had +been prepared in prison native teachers and preachers, and the way +was opened for expansive work. + +After a period of ten years of this work, the American Board +transferred its Indian missions to the American Missionary +Association. This Association, thirty years previous to this, had +Indian missions in the northwest, with twenty-one missionaries. +Various causes had led to _their_ abandonment, the chief one being +the demands of the newly-emancipated slaves after the war. + +Six years before the transfer of these missions to this Association, +it had an interest in Indian missions in Washington Territory and in +Minnesota. The transfer on the part of the American Board brought +under our care the mission at Santee, Nebraska, with its large school +and industrial departments; the Fort Sully mission, those on the +Cheyenne River, and at Fort Berthold, Dakota. These have since been +developed, until now, the facilities for missionary work and the +force of workers have been greatly increased. + +There are at the present time in the United States, exclusive of +Alaska, 247,761 Indians. Our missions are chiefly among 40,000 of the +Sioux or Dakota tribe, in the great Dakota reservation; among the +Poncas in Nebraska, and the Gros Ventres and Mandans on the Northern +Missouri. + +At the Santee Normal School, we are teaching about two hundred Indian +youth of both sexes. We are instructing them also in agriculture and +trades. There is a department for theological study, where +missionaries are prepared from the Indians for the Indians. Sixty-one +missionaries and teachers have caught the spirit of Eliot, Edwards +and Brainerd, and are earnestly serving Christ among these tribes. + +A Christian civilization is wedging its way in until eighty thousand +Indians are now clothed in civilized dress. Forty thousand have +learned to read English, and nearly thirty thousand are living in +houses. There are forty thousand Indian children of school age, and +about fourteen thousand enrolled as pupils, leaving between twenty +and thirty thousand children for whom as yet there are no schools +provided. Sixty-eight tribes remain without a church, a school or a +missionary, absolutely destitute of Christian light. + +It has been said that these heathen tribes are a vanishing people, +destined to decline and finally to disappear. Certainly their +condition for two hundred years has tended to decrease them, and yet, +when Columbus discovered America there were not double the number +that there are now. In happier conditions than formerly, there is a +decided increase in the Indian population, as there is betterment in +their customs and modes of life. Their missionary teachers find them +with the ancient characteristics unchanged--rude in thought, though +with a marked intellectual power. The open book of nature, the Indian +knows well. He will tell you the habits of bird and beast and tree +and plant. He will tell you the time of day by looking at a leaf. But +the life of civilization comes hard to him. He does not know the +value of time, nor the value of money. It is hard for him to measure +his days or to provide for the future, or to care for to-morrow. He +has not the heredity of civilization and Christianity, hence +missionary work sometimes seems slow in progress, but it is surely +gaining upon this almost dead past of half a century. Thirteen +Missionary Boards are now pressing forward to teach them the way and +the truth and the life. + +The doors are wide open as never before. The hearts of the Indians +are friendly as never for two hundred years. If the majority of them +show as yet no deep desire for that which Christianity brings, they +are not, in this, dissimilar from other heathen. But this desire is +growing. The Government at last is seeking to redeem the past. It has +appropriated for the Indian tribes reservations larger, in square +miles, than the whole German Empire. The Republic of France must +re-annex considerable of its ancient possessions before it will own +as much land as is now the property of the Indians in the United +States. Under these conditions, the hopefulness of the past argues +for a more hopeful future of missionary work. + +Our mission is to raise up teachers, preachers, interpreters and a +native agency that shall work for the regeneration of their own +people. It is a mission that is hopeful. + +It means a good deal to teach those who come to us in moccasins and +blankets, arithmetic, algebra, the elements of geometry, physical +geography, natural philosophy and mental science. It means much to +give them an industrial training that shall show them how to live +rightly, and enable them to do it. But above all, in all and through +all, is the gospel of Christ, which is the power of God to their +salvation. Perhaps no missions to the heathen have been more blessed +than many of these to the wild, painted savages. Thousands who were +barbarian in heart and in deed are now true disciples of Christ. +Where heathenism held its revels, now the church-bell calls the red +man to prayer, and the war-whoop is being exchanged for songs of +Christian praise. Wigwams are being transformed into houses, and +coarse and cruel people are illustrating home piety and virtues. The +prayers of God's people have been well directed, and there is every +reason why they should be increased, the wilderness and the solitary +place being made glad for them. The missionaries among them behold +the time when God will make for them a way, even a highway, that +shall be the way of holiness, in which the redeemed shall walk and +the ransomed of the Lord shall come to Zion with joy and gladness. + + * * * * * + +BUREAU OF WOMAN'S WORK. + +MISS D.E. EMERSON, SECRETARY + + * * * * * + +WOMAN'S STATE ORGANIZATIONS. + +CO-OPERATING WITH THE AMERICAN MISSIONARY ASSOCIATION. + + +ME.--Woman's Aid to A.M.A., Chairman of Committee, + Mrs. C.A. Woodbury, Woodfords, Me. + +VT.--Woman's Aid to A.M.A., Chairman of Committee, + Mrs. Henry Fairbanks, St. Johnsbury, Vt. + +VT.--Woman's Home Miss. Union, Secretary, + Mrs. Ellen Osgood, Montpelier, Vt. + +CONN.--Woman's Home Miss. Union, Secretary, + Mrs. S.M. Hotchkiss, 171 Capitol Ave., Hartford, + Conn. + +N.Y.--Woman's Home Miss. Union, Secretary, + Mrs. William Spalding, Salmon Block, Syracuse, + N.Y. + +ALA.--Woman's Missionary Association, Secretary, + Mrs. G.W. Andrews, Talladega, Ala. + +OHIO.--Woman's Home Miss. Union, Secretary, + Mrs. Flora K. Regal, Oberlin, Ohio. + +IND.--Woman's Home Miss. Union, Secretary, + Mrs. W.E. Mossman, Fort Wayne, Ind. + +ILL.--Woman's Home Miss. Union, Secretary, Mrs. + C.H. Taintor, 151 Washington St., Chicago, Ill. + +MICH.--Woman's Home Miss. Union, Secretary, + Mrs. Mary B. Warren, Lansing, Mich. + +WIS.--Woman's Home Miss. Union, Secretary, + Mrs. C. Matter, Brodhead, Wis. + +MINN.--Woman's Home Miss. Society, Secretary, + Miss Katharine Plant, 2651 Portland Avenue, + Minneapolis, Minn. + +IOWA.--Woman's Home Miss. Union, Secretary, + Miss Ella E. Marsh, Grinnell, Iowa. + +KANSAS.--Woman's Home Miss. Society, Secretary, + Mrs. G.L. Epps, Topeka, Kan. + +NEB.--Woman's Home Miss. Union, President, + Mrs. F.H. Leavitt, 1216 H St., Lincoln, Neb. + +DAKOTA.--Woman's Home Miss. Union, President, + Mrs. T.M. Hills, Sioux Falls; Secretary, Mrs. + W.R. Dawes, Redfield; Treasurer, Mrs. S.E. + Fifield, Lake Preston. + + * * * * * + + +REPORT OF SECRETARY. + +It is fitting that woman should have a part in a work that finds its +centre of operations in Christian schools and homes for the training +of the exceptional classes reached by the American Missionary +Association. + +Let us not forget that the Indians for whom we work have been +excluded from our civilized communities, until it is difficult to win +them to our customs, our language and our religion; that until only +about twenty-five years ago, generation after generation of our +colored people had been born to bondage, and had groaned its hopeless +life away in far greater misery than the same conditions brought in +uncivilized Africa--misery made deeper and keener by contrasts in +civilized America. Is it a wonder that the women of a slave race lost +their womanly instincts; that the moral nature was blunted and +marred; that the mind became impoverished, the heart a waste place +for poisonous weeds to grow? + +Let us not forget that the mountain people have been passed by, until +shrinking farther and farther into the seclusion of their hills and +ravines, and living unto themselves, they have lost the sturdy +qualities of their ancestors. + +What kind of homes do we find among these people, where the children +with their impressible minds are receiving their first instruction? + +Our teacher is invited to visit the home of a Kentucky girl, one +somewhat above the average. Beautiful for situation, up a winding +road, past cascades and mountain waterfalls, upon a high plateau the +home is found--a box house, one room, no windows, two beds, four +chairs, a table, a few dishes, father, mother, seven children, dogs, +cats, and chickens. At retiring hour the teacher is pointed to the +corner and is told she is to sleep there. A pile of dirty, ragged +quilts are pulled out from under the beds, some bags and rags rolled +for pillows, and the family dispose of themselves for the night, with +no change of clothing, scarcely the removal of shoes. Change the box +house to a tent, put the fire in the centre, and with less furniture, +but no more smoke or dirt, you have the tepee home of the Indian. +Match the dilapidation and the dirt, the narrow quarters and the +large family, and you have the cabin home in the Georgia swamps and +the lowlands of Louisiana. The conditions in the main are the +same--an untutored father and mother, no books, no pictures, no +newspapers, no clean clothes, no Sunday, no God. + +At first sight our sympathies are aroused by the lack of all ordinary +comforts and conveniences of home life, but transplant the family +into a neat cottage, suitably furnished for a home, explaining to +them its advantages and uses, and let us see if thus we have met the +need. What a disappointment! Their old habits still cling to them. +They do not know the names or use of the kitchen utensils; they have +no proper knowledge of cooking, no orderly habits; there is no family +or personal reserve. There are books and newspapers, but they cannot +read them, or cannot read intelligently because of their meagre +vocabulary. Evidently the real degradation of these people does not +lie wholly in the poor cabins or tents, the scant furniture, the +ragged clothing, the shiftlessness and poverty. It is deep in the +nature, and far harder to overcome than any outward conditions. + +We want to help them: we ought to help them. For what were we +nurtured and shielded in Christian homes; why taught self-restraint, +self-reliance, the law of God as applied to our duty to ourselves and +our neighbors? Why have our hands been trained to skillful work, our +minds opened to knowledge, if not to make these our talents ten more +by their exercise in behalf of such needy ones? But how shall we +convey to them the blessings of intelligent, Christian home life? I +am sure every womanly heart gives the same response: through the +children. + +That is our way--the foundation of the broad work of this +Association. We cannot expect the mothers to teach their children +what they do not know themselves, have never seen and cannot +understand. So we bring the youth out of these homes, cut off as far +as possible from their low surroundings, into our missionary schools, +where they are lifted into a purer atmosphere and are brought into +daily contact with refined Christian womanhood. Here mind and heart +and hand are trained. Not only do they learn habits of fore-thought +and industry, but by the blessing of the Holy Spirit very many of +them learn the saving power there is in Jesus Christ. Ten thousand +youth we have thus reached within the last year. Is it not a grand +work, worthy your heartiest support? There is encouragement in all +our fields, but especially now in what is accomplished for the girls +of the colored race. Their perils are peculiar. Your hearts would +ache could you know all the dangers that encompass them. They are +beset on every hand. Not a girl in our schools is safe. They, of all +others, are the ones that are tried, tempted, allured. Do they go out +to teach, they are watched, written to, harassed, and only as strong +in God's strength and deliverance can they escape. When you think of +the snares set for these girls, and that no father or brother may +even yet dare defend them, and when you know that there are +those--yes, very many--who, guided by Christian teachers stand firm +in the purity of their womanhood, clinging to the Everlasting Arm, +how plain it is that God has a plan, a purpose for this race, when we +shall have fulfilled our duty to them, and when their fiery furnace +of trial shall have done its work! + +And these people are not in Asia, or Africa, or the Islands of the +Sea. They are within our own domain--ten millions of them--a constant +reminder of our duty, a threat of danger if duty is neglected. You +may say, what are ten thousand youth among ten millions? They are the +leaven, which, if a woman take and properly direct shall leaven the +whole mass. The American Missionary Association has these youth, and +through these, access to larger numbers. It has been no easy matter +to win the alienated Indian until he would give up his boys and girls +to our care; nor to break through the ignorant pride and reserve of +the mountaineers; or even to wisely direct the impulsive, selfishly +ambitious, undisciplined colored people. But it has been done. Our +school homes are there, upon the sure foundation of gospel, no caste +principles, and we need the help of every Christian woman in the land +to sustain what has been established at such painstaking and cost, +and to meet the demand for the new phases of help that can now be +given. + +That some of our church woman in the North are interested, is shown +by the twenty-eight thousand dollars of contributions received from +them during the past year. That they are alive to the advantage of +reaching this field through the American Missionary Association and +thus keeping in sympathy with the work of the churches in their +annual contributions, is shown in the formation of State Unions, for +direct co-operation with us. We consider it especially favorable that +the purpose of these State organizations is to increase the flow of +money and other forms of helpfulness through the regular channels to +this part of the home field; that thus the young people and strangers +who are gathered into the church auxiliaries are being interested in +the history and work of the American Missionary Association and that +the children--the future church members--also are learning to give to +it, for the sake of the people to whom it ministers. + +It has been a great help to us, that in the past year the Woman's Aid +of Maine sustained four teachers, that the Woman's Aid of Vermont +contributed so faithfully to their adopted school at McIntosh, Ga., +and Connecticut ladies to the Industrial School for colored girls in +Thomasville. We cannot speak too highly of the efficiency of the New +York Woman's Union, which pledges us a definite sum, increasing the +amount annually, and keeping its pledge. The Ohio Union has sustained +Miss Collins' mission in Dakota and a teacher in the South. The +Minnesota Union met nearly two-thirds the cost of our school at +Jonesboro', Tenn., and the Iowa Union more than one-third the expense +of Beach Institute, Savannah, Ga. The ladies of other States have +helped in the girls' department of our school at Tougaloo, Miss., the +schools at Athens and Mobile, Ala., Austin, Tex., Williamsburg, Ky. +and Santee Agency, Neb. These friends have been in communication with +the schools they have aided, learning of the needs and economical +measures of help. They have been permitted to know for themselves the +hopeful results of patient Christian endeavor. For many of our +scholars are beginning quietly and persistently to do noble Christian +work in the locality in which they live, relieving the destitute, +reading, singing, praying with the sick and infirm and themselves +growing stronger and wiser in religious work every day. There are +many who appreciate and long for a better and purer life for their +own people, and they are doing much to elevate the tone of society. +They are the leaven. They can transform the home life--to some extent +the old homes--but in much larger degree the new, in giving +intelligent parentage to the little ones of their own households. + +In order to make the work so well begun tell most for the future, the +woman's skill is required in its every phase. The homes must have +their visitors, schools their teachers; pastors urgently call for the +special missionary. There are those who are willing to go. Will the +ladies of the churches provide the means? Will you Christian +women--the women of our churches, come to the aid of the American +Missionary Association, in support of your sisters in the field? If +you will do this, we shall have no more debt. If you will do this, +there will be far less of heart-aching denial to those who plead with +us year by year to send them just one--only one Christian woman to +guide and teach. + +It costs but four hundred dollars a missionary. Yet of those who have +been appointed for the new year--some already at work, others now on +the way--there are one hundred whose support is not yet provided; and +only four hundred dollars a missionary! What a glow would enter the +hearts of these noble, self-denying woman, if from the Woman's Bureau +word might go that the ladies of such churches have provided for you, +and you, and you! Weary with the constant drain upon mind and heart, +as they come in contact with the warped, barren lives of the people +whom they would help, how it would refresh them to feel that because +they are your missionaries you are working for, thinking of and +praying for them. One hundred woman missionaries unprovided for! + +At the word of the Lord we put out into the deep and let down the +nets. The draught is great, our nets are breaking, and we beckon unto +you, our partners in the other boat to come and help us--to share in +the work and the reward. + + * * * * * + +RECEIPTS FOR OCTOBER, 1888. + + + MAINE. $261.51. + +Alfred. Cong. Ch. and Soc. ...12.92 + +Bingham. Cong. Ch. ...2.00 + +Brewer. M. Hardy 50 to const. MRS. + ADDIE B. GARDNER L.M., Mrs. C.S. + Hardy 30, to const. MRS. SARAH L. + WING, L.M. ...80.00 + +Bridgton. First Cong. Ch. and + Soc. ...17.03 + +Brunswick. First Cong. Ch. ...54.25 + +Castine. Class of little girls. + No. 9. Trin. Ch. Sab. Sch., for + Student Aid, Tougaloo U. ...2.31 + +East Orrington. Cong. Ch. ...4.00 + +Gorham. "Young Ladies Helping Hand" + Cong. Ch. ...25.00 + +Lebanon Center. Mrs. Sophronia D. Lord ...1.00 + +Lewiston. Richard C. Stanley ...5.00 + +Norridgewock. Cong. Ch. and Soc. ...35.00 + +Oxford. Rev. Geo. F. Tewksbury ...2.00 + +Princeton. Cong. Ch. ...6.00 + +Richmond. Sab. Sen. of Cong. Ch. for + Student Aid, Talladega C. ...10.00 + +Sherman Mills. Washburn Memorial Ch. ...5.00 + + + NEW HAMPSHIRE, $340.97. + +Bennington. Cong. Ch. ...8.22 + +Candia. Mrs. A.E. Page ...1.00 + +Campton. Cong. Ch. ...16.22 + +Concord. By Mrs. Enoch Gerrish, + Freight for McLeansville, N.C. ...1.00 + +Deerfield. Cong. Ch. ...8.60 + +Milford. Cong. Ch. to const. WILLIAM C. + CLEAVES and ARTHUR M. WINSLOW L.M'S ...65.00 + +Nashua. Pilgrim Ch. (30 of which from + SUSAN P. PEARSON to const. herself L.M) ...150.08 + +New Ipswich. Childrens' 26th Annual Fair + for Benev. objects (4.67 of which + for Indian Schools) ...18.18 + +Peterboro. "Mother and daughter" ...5.00 + +Union. "Ladies and Band of Hope" by Mrs. + G.S. Butler, for Storrs Sch. + Atlanta, Ga. ...11.00 + +Warner. Cong. Ch. ...10.41 + +Winchester. Cong. Ch. and Soc. (24 of + which for Student Aid. + Gregory Inst., Wilmington, N.C.) ...40.41 + +Winchester. Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch. ...5.85 + + + VERMONT, $866.60. + +Brattleboro. Central Cong. Ch. ...100.00 + +Brownington. Martha S. Stone ...10.00 + +Burlington. First Cong. Ch., adl. ...2.00 + +Derby. Cong. Ch. ...5.00 + +Derby. Ladies of Cong. Ch., by Mrs. + David Hopkinson, for McIntosh, + Ga. ...4.00 + +Essex Junction. Cong. Ch. ...20.00 + +Fair Haven. First Cong. Ch. + and Soc. ...10.21 + +Grandby and Victory. Cong. Ch. + and Soc. ...2.77 + +Grand Isle. Mrs. Martha Ladd, + for Indian M. ...3.00 + +Highgate. Cong. Ch. ...7.30 + +Jamaica. Cong. Ch. and Soc. ...10.27 + +Marshfield. Lyman Clark ...15.00 + +New Haven. "A Friend" ...15.00 + +Newport. Cong. Ch. and Soc. ...14.20 + +North Ferrisburg. Mrs Maria D. + Wicker (120 of which to const. + ROXA M. CHAMPLIN, ALMA M. WEBB, + Mrs. EMMA W. WICKER and ABBIE D. + WICKER L.M's) ...500.00 + +Orwell. Cong. Ch. and Soc. ...13.75 + +Saint Johnsbury. Mrs. T.M. + Howard and Mrs. E.D. Blodget, + for Student Aid, Fisk U. ...50.00 + +Salisbury. Cong. Ch. 15, bal. + to const. DEA. CYRUS BUMP L.M., + "Friends in Cong. Ch." $1.50 ...16.50 + +Sharon. "Three Friends in Cong. Ch." ...2.00 + +Swanton. C.C. Long ...10.00 + +Vergennes. Cong. Ch. ...10.00 + +Vergennes. Eliza S. Stevens, + Freight for McIntosh, Ga. ...2.00 + +West Dover. Cong. Ch. ...3.00 + +West Randolph. Mrs. Laura Salisbury + Smith to const. H. PORTER SMITH, L.M. ...30.00 + +Wilmington. Cong. Ch. ...8.00 + +Vermont Woman's Home Missionary + Union, by Mrs. Wm. P. Fairbanks, + Treas. for McIntosh, Ga.: + + Manchester. Miss Ellen + Tuttle in memory of her + brother 2.60 + + ---- 2.60 + + + MASSACHUSETTS, $4,089.39. + +Amherst. First Cong. Ch., 35, + South Cong. Ch. 4.08, + Miss Mary H. Scott, Bbl. of C. etc. ...39.08 + +Andover. Ladies' Union Home M. Soc. ...92.59 + +Andover. West Cong. Ch., adl. ...23.00 + +Baldwinville. Memorial Sab. Sch., for + Student Aid, Gregory Inst., + Wilmington, N.C. ...8.00 + +Beverly. Wm. O. Grover, for Talladega C. ...100.00 + +Beverly. Washington St. Ch. ...30.00 + +Boston. C.H. Bond, 250; + John N. Denison, 100; + H.O. Houghton, 50; + Dr. Wm. P. Wesselhoeff, 50; + F.L. Garrison. 5, + and Mrs. A.H Batcheller, 25, + for Talladega C. ...480.00 + + C.A. Hopkins, + for Boarding Hall, + Pleasant Hill, Tenn. ...100.00 + + S.D. Smith, American Organ, + for Sherwood, Tenn. ...75.00 + + Brighton. Evan Cong. Ch. and + Soc. ...153.73 + + Dorchester. Mrs. Ruth W. + Prouty ...5.00 + + Miss Mary A. Tuttle, + for Indian M. ...9.10 + + Roxbury. Immanuel Cong. Ch. ...96.65 + + Eliot Ch., adl. ...1.00 + + John H. Soren ...1.00 + + ------ 921.48 + +Bridgewater. Central Sq. Cong. Ch., 48; + "E.F.H.," 1 ...49.00 + +Brookline. Harvard Ch. ...54.76 + +Cambridgeport. Pilgrim Ch. ...26.00 + +Chelsea. "A Friend in First Ch." ...5.00 + +Concord. Trin. Cong. Ch. ...25.58 + +Cummington. Mrs. H.M. Porter ...2.00 + +Danvers. Maple St. Ch. ...176.47 + +Deerfield. Orthodox Cong. Ch. ...30.32 + +Easthampton. First Cong. Ch., for Santee + Indian M. ...12.50 + +East Marshfield. Second Cong. Ch. ...5.00 + +East Wareham. Abby Bourne and Hannah + B. Cannon ...10.00 + +Everett. Cong. Ch. ...25.10 + +Fall River. Mrs. R.K. Remington, for + New Out Station, Indian M. ...700.00 + +Fall River. Leonard N. Slade ...5.00 + +Fitchburg. Rollstone Ch. 35; + Cal. Cong. Ch. 24.30 ...59.30 + +Gardner. Woman's Miss'y. Soc., by Mrs. + F.H. Whittemore, for Indian Sch'p. ...50.00 + +Haverhill. Chas. Coffin ...4.50 + +Harvard. Cong. Ch. ...14.75 + +Haydenville. Cong. Ch., adl., to const. + THOMAS S. PURRINGTON L.M. ...2.00 + +Holbrook. Winthrop Ch. ...44.85 + +Lakeville and Taunton. Precinct Cong. + Sab. Sch. ...11.05 + +Lowell. "Friend" ...14.00 + +Ludlow Center. Ladies of First Cong. Ch. + for Tougaloo U. ...10.00 + +Lynn. Chestnut St. Ch. ...5.00 + +Manchester. Cong. Ch. ...18.38 + +Medfield. Second Cong. Ch. ...92.36 + +Melrose. Orthodox Cong. Ch. and Soc. ...89.92 + +Melrose Highlands. Mrs. F.W. Lewis ...0.50 + +Methuen. First Parish Cong. Ch. ...23.42 + +Middleboro. Central Cong. Ch. ...36.00 + +New Salem. Cong. Ch. ...8.00 + +Newton. Sab. Sch. Class, North Evan Ch. + for Student Aid, Santee Indian Sch. ...37.50 + +Newton Center. First Cong. Ch. ...71.80 + +North Abington. Rev. Jesse H. Jones ...5.00 + +Northampton. Edwards Ch. Benev. Soc. ...185.06 + +Northboro. Evan. Cong. Ch. ...41.98 + +Northbridge. Rockdale Cong. Ch. ...4.00 + +North Leominster. Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch. + for Rosebud Indian M. ...20.10 + +Norton. Trin. Cong. Ch. and Soc. ...10.00 + +North Wilbraham. Grace Union Ch. ...10.50 + +Saxonville. Edwards Cong. Ch. ...18.00 + +Shelburne. Cong. Ch., to const MISS + MARY E. FELLOWS L.M. ...42.00 + +Sherborn. "By a former Teacher." ...10.00 + +Somerville. Miss M.C. Sawyer, for + Tougaloo U. ...20.00 + +Southampton. Teachers and Pupils, Infant + Class, Cong. Ch. ...1.00 + +Southboro. Member of Pilgrim Ch., adl. ...8.00 + +South Byfield. By Mrs. Geo. L. Gleason, + Freight for Williamsburg, Ky. ...1.00 + +South Egremont. Cong. Ch. ...26.68 + +Southfield. Cong. Ch. ...15.00 + +South Framingham. South Cong. Ch. ...87.77 + +South Hadley. Cong. Ch. ...24.00 + +South Royalston. Amos Blanchard. ...10.00 + +Spencer. First Cong. Ch. ...85.00 + +Springfield. Sab. Sch. of South Cong. Ch., + for Student Aid, Santee Indian Sch. ...70.00 + +Stockbridge. Miss Alice Byington, for + Indian M. ...30.00 + +Sudbury. Ladies of Cong. Ch., Freight for + Straight U. ...3.00 + +Oxford. Woman's Miss'y Soc. by Miss + L.D. Stockwell, for Tougaloo U. ...14.00 + +Oxford. Ladies' Miss'y Soc., Freight for + Kittrell N.C. ...2.50 + +Pittsfield. Mrs. Mary E. Sears ...5.00 + +Revere. First Cong. Ch. and Soc. ...13.50 + +Rockland. Cong. Ch., to const. FRANK + SHELDON L.M. ...30.00 + +Topsfield. Rev. Daniel D. Tappan ...2.20 + +Townsend. By Mrs. Ralph Ball, Freight + for Sherwood, Tenn. ...2.00 + +Ware. Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch., for Santee + Home, Indian M. ...25.00 + +Warren. Mrs. J. Ramsdell, for Chinese M. ...5.00 + +Westford. Ladies' Soc. Bbl. of C. for Storrs + Sch., Atlanta, Ga. + +West Granville. Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch. ...5.00 + +Westhampton. Cong. Ch. ...28.20 + +West Newbury. First Cong. Ch. ...6.00 + +West Springfield. Ladles' Mission Circle of + Park St. Ch. for Pleasant Hill, Tenn. ...100.00 + +Worcester. Mrs. G.F. Orr, 10; + Mrs. Laird, 2; for Talladega C. ...12.00 + +Hampden Benevolent Association, by + Charles Marsh, Treas. + + Agawam. ...15.00 + + Holyoke. Second. ...92.43 + + Springfield. South. ...57.62 + + Olivet. Ladies Praying Cir. ...2.18 + + Westfield. Second. ...14.46 + + ------ ...181.69 + + +CLOTHING, BOOKS, ETC. RECEIVED AT BOSTON OFFICE. + +Concord. N.H. First Cong. Ch. 2 Bbls. + Val. 37.06 + +Saint Johnsbury, Vt. Juvenile Sew. Soc. + of North Ch., Box, for Grand View, Tenn. + +Lanesville, Mass. W.L. Saunders, 2 Bundles + +Ashmont. Mr. Hale, Bbl. and Box + +Groton. By F.D. Lewis, Box for Lexington, Ky. + +Oxford. Ladies' Miss'y Soc., Bbl. for Kittrel, + N.C. + +South Byfield. By Mrs. George L. Gleason, + Bbl. for Williamsburg, Ky. + +Sudbury. Ladies of Cong. Ch., Bbl. + +Townsend. By Mrs. Ralph Ball, Bbl. for + Sherwood, Tenn. + +West Newton. Henry O. Barker, Bbl. + + + RHODE ISLAND, $726.28. + +Little Compton. Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch., + for Mountain White Work ...12.23 + +North Scituate. Cong. Ch. and Soc. ...3.00 + +Peace Dale. Cong. Ch. ...30.00 + +Providence. Central Cong. Ch., 630; + Free Evan. Cong. Ch., 25; + Plymouth Cong. Ch., 24.05; + Mrs. Ann Torry, 2 ...681.05 + + + CONNECTICUT, $1,783.19. + +Birmingham. J. Tomlinson, for Indian M. ...20.00 + +Birmingham. Cong. Ch., bal. to const. + REV. CHARLES W. PARK L.M. ...7.50 + +Bridgeport. Second Cong. Ch. ...60.27 + +Bristol. Cong. Ch. ...75.50 + +Chaplin. H.T. Crosby. 5; + Miss J.W. Crosby, 5 ...10.00 + +Cheshire. Cong. Ch. ...23.50 + +Cheshire. Mrs. Stoddard's S.S. Class, for + Rosebud Indian M. ...0.50 + +Cornwall. E.C. Starr, for Tougaloo U. ...10.00 + +Danielsonville. Westfield Cong. Ch. and + Soc. ...44.91 + +Ellington. Cong. Ch., for 4 Life + Memberships, 140.11; Incorrectly ack. + in Nov. number from Rockville + +Gilead. "A Friend" ...5.00 + +Goshen. Mrs. Moses Lyman ...10.00 + +Hartford. ROLAND MATHER, to const. + himself L.M. ...30.00 + +Hockanum. Second Cong. Ch. (5 of which + from Mrs. E.M. Roberts) ...29.28 + +Lisbon. Cong. Ch., for Conn. Indl. Sch., + Ga. ...6.00 + +Mansfield. Ind. Cong. Ch. ...14.00 + +Monroe. Rev. H.M. Hazeltine, Box of + Books for Talladega C. + +New Britain. South Cong. Ch., 123.37; + Member So. Cong. Ch., 3. to const. H. + DAYTON HUMPHREY, PHILIP CORBIN, + MISS KATE M. BROWN and MISS JANE + M. CASE L.M's ...126.37 + +New Haven. Dwight Place Cong. Ch. 138.87; + "A Friend," 50 ...188.87 + +New London. First Cong. Ch. ...65.11 + +Norfolk. Robbins Bartell, for Tougaloo U. ...10.00 + +North Branford. J.A. Palmer ...2.00 + +Northford. Cong. Ch. ...12.00 + +North Madison. Cong. Ch. and Soc. ...14.00 + +Plymouth. Cong. Ch. ...56.50 + +Pomfret. Two S.S. Classes, by Miss + Mathewson, for Mountain White Work ...10.00 + +Poquonock. Cong. Ch. ...30.78 + +Poquonock. Sab. Sch. Cong. Ch., Bbl. of + Books, for Grand View, Tenn. + +Rockville. Sab. Sch. Class of young ladies, + Union Cong. Ch., for Mountain White Work ...10.00 + +South Killingly. Cong. Ch. ...5.00 + +Southington. Y.P.S.C.E. of Cong. Ch. ...4.35 + +Stratford. "Old Abolitionist" ...5.00 + +Taftville. Cong. Ch. ...8.25 + +Torrington. Third Cong. Ch. ...10.17 + +Wallingford. Mrs. C.B. Darling, for + New Out Station, Indian M. ...700.00 + +Watertown. Cong. Ch., to const. DEA. + SAMUEL T. DAYTON L.M. ...37.76 + +Westville. Cong. Ch. ...39.00 + +Wethersfleld. Cong. Ch. (35 of which + from Ladies, for Conn. Indl. Sch., Ga.) ...60.10 + +Winchester. Cong. Ch. ...15.05 + +Woodbury. North Cong. Ch., 14.35; + First Cong. Ch., 12.07 ...26.42 + + + NEW YORK, $3,888.36. + +Albany. "A Friend" ...25.00 + +Amsterdam. Mrs. Chandler Bartlett ...2.00 + +Brooklyn. Stephen Ballard, for Ballard + Sch. Building, Macon, Ga. ...1950.00 + +Brooklyn. "A Friend." by Stephen Ballard, + for Macon, Ga., to purchase land ...1000.00 + +Brooklyn. Tompkins Av. Cong. Ch. ...400.00 + +Brooklyn. Sab. Sch. of Central Cong. + Ch., for Indian M. ...37.50 + +Brooklyn. Park Av. Prim. Meth. Sab. Sch., 20; + R.M. Raymond, 10; + Robert Burchell, 3, for + Williamsburg, Ky. ...33.00 + +Big Hollow. Nelson Hitchcock ...5.00 + +Canandaigua. First Cong. Ch. and Soc. ...67.50 + +Churchville. Cong. Ch., to const. + Z. WILLARD L.M. ...31.82 + +Coventryville. Cong. Ch. ...4.00 + +Ellington. Cong. Ch. ...7.00 + +Fort Covington. "A.B." ...2.00 + +Groton. Cong. Ch. ...29.00 + +Honeoye. Mrs. Gideon Pitts, to const. + MISS JENNIE W. PITTS L.M. ...30.00 + +Ovid. D.W. Kinne ...4.50 + +Lisle. R.C. Osborn ...10.00 + +Newark Valley. Cong. Ch. ...20.37 + +New Lebanon. Ellen C. Kendall ...5.00 + +New York. Member Tab. Ch., 5; + J.N. Washburn, package of C. ...5.00 + +Nunda. "A Friend" ...15.00 + +Nyack. John W. Towt ...50.00 + +Port Leyden. Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch. ...3.00 + +Rodman. Cong. Ch. ...20.00 + +Schenectady. Cong. Ch. adl., to const. + HON. JOHN YOUNG and DEA. ALEX. F. + VEDDER L.M'S ...50.00 + +Syracuse. Plymouth Cong. Ch. ...35.17 + +West Groton. Cong. Ch. 13.65; + and Sab. Sch. Birthday Box, 1.85 ...15.50 + +Woman's Home Missionary Union of N.Y., + by Mrs. L.H. Cobb., Treas., for Woman's + Work: + + Fairport. Ladies' Aux. ...31.00 + + ------ ...31.00 + + + NEW JERSEY, $332.56. + +Arlington. Mrs. George Overacre. ...1.50 + +East Orange. Trinity Cong. Ch. ...140.50 + +Montclair. Young Ladies' Miss'y Soc. of + First Cong. Ch., for Meridian, Miss. ...30.00 + +Montclair. Sab. Sch. Class Cong. Ch. + for Student Aid , Talladega, C. ...10.00 + +Roselle. "A Friend" ...50.00 + +Westfield. Cong. Ch. ...100.56 + + + + PENNSYLVANIA, $36.00. + +Centerville. Mission Concert Cong. Ch. ...5.00 + +Philadelphia. Sab. Sch. of Central Cong. + Ch. 25; "E.F.B.," 1 ...26.00 + +Ridgeway. Bible Class, by Minnie J. + Kline, for Oaks, N.C. ...5.00 + + + OHIO, $464.16. + +Belden. Cong. Ch. ...2.25 + +Cincinnati. Columbia Cong. Cong. ...12.00 + +Cleveland. Member Jennings Av. Cong. + Ch. for Indian M. ...0.50 + +Conneaut. Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch. 20; + H.E. Pond, 5; for Student Aid, Fisk U. ...25.00 + +Grafton. Cong. Ch. ...4.00 + +Hudson. Cong. Ch. ...9.00 + +Kelloggsville. Mrs. P.F. Kellogg 3; + Frankie C. Kellogg, 50 cts., + for Indian M. ...3.50 + +Litchfield. Cong. Ch. ...3.62 + +Lorain. Cong. Ch., 7.30; "Soc. of Christian + Endeavor" 10; for Tougaloo U. ...17.30 + +Madison. Central Cong. Ch. Mrs. L.H. Roe ...10.00 + +Middlefield. Lois S. Buell, deceased, by + Celestia E. Wilcox, to const. LUCIUS J. + BUELL, L.M. ...30.00 + +New London. Cong. Ch. ...1.55 + +North Bloomfield. Cong. Ch., 5; + Wm. C. Savage, 5 ...10.00 + +North Ridgeville. Sab Sch. of Cong. + Ch., 6; Miss M.M. Lickarish, 3; for + Williamsburg, Ky. ...9.00 + +Oberlin. Rev. C.V. Spear, 50; + First Ch. 49.76 ...99.76 + +Oberlin. Y.L.M.S. by Mrs. J.P. + Atwater, for Woman's Work ...20.00 + +Strongville. Elijah Lyman ...10.00 + +Painesville. Mrs. Cornelia Green, Box + of C., for Tougaloo U. + +Rockport. Cong. Ch. ...6.00 + +Toledo. First Cong. Ch. ...64.18 + +Wakeman. Cong. Ch. and Soc. ...5.00 + +Ohio Woman's Home Misisonary Union + by Mrs. Phebe A. Crafts, Treas. for + Woman's Work: + + Ashtabula. Cong. Ch., + L.M.S. ...1.00 + + Burton. L.M.S. ...26.00 + + Cleveland. Boys and Girls + Mission Band ...15.00 + + Lindenville. L.H.M.S. ...3.00 + + Medina. W.M.S. ...10.00 + + Oberlin. Second Cong. Ch. + L.S. ...41.50 + + ------ ...96.50 + + ------- + + $439.00 + + ESTATE. + +Canfield. Estate of P. Edwards. by G.R. + Edwards, Ex. ...25.00 + + ------- + + $464.16 + + + ILLINOIS, $524.91. + +Beecher. Cong. Ch. "A Friend" ...10.00 + +Chicago. Mrs. Edward Brush and Mrs. + N.A. Jones. for Student Aid, Fisk U. ...104.00 + +Chicago. Tab. Cong. Ch. ...5.00 + +Earlville. J.A. Dupee ...50.00 + +Elgin. Mrs. E.E.C. Borden. ...25.00 + +Evanston. Cong. Ch., 3.13; + bal. to const. M.J. DEAN L.M. + Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch. 60; + to const. MRS. LOUISE L. STANWOOD + and MRS. ANNIE L. MILLER L.M's. ...63.13 + +Jacksonville. Cong. Ch. by James M. + Longley ...5.00 + +La Prarie Center. "A Friend" ...50.00 + +Lawn Ridge. Cong. Ch. and Sab. Sch. + 16.18; A. Crawford, 5 ...21.18 + +Lee Center. Cong. Ch. ...2.20 + +Lombard. First Ch. ...10.50 + +Malden. Cong. Ch. ...9.10 + +Marshall. Cong. Ch. ...4.75 + +Moline. First Cong. Ch. ...106.30 + +Odell. Ladies of Cong., Ch. for Woman's + Work ...5.00 + +Rantoul. Cong. Ch. ...8.00 + +Ridge Prarie. Evan St. John Ch. ...6.00 + +Sterling. Cong. Ch. ...39.75 + + + MICHIGAN, $329.39. + +Calumet. Robert Dobbie. ...50.00 + +Calumet. "Helping Hand Soc.," by + Grace Mc. Cullagh, for Woman's Work ...25.00 + +Coloma. Cong. Ch. ...2.32 + +Edwardsburg. S.A. Olmsted ...5.00 + +Lake Linden. Rev. J.W. Savage and + others, for Student Aid Talladega C. ...25.00 + +Lansing. Prof. R.C. Kedzie, to const. + MRS. HARRIET E. FAIRCHILD KEDZIE, L.M. ...30.00 + +Manistee. First Cong. Ch. ...12.00 + +Olivet. Cong. Ch. ...70.00 + +South Haven. Sab. Sch. Concert Cong. Ch. ...6.00 + +Traverse City. First Cong. Ch. ...22.90 + +Vermontville. Orlin P. Fay, to const. + MRS. LAURA B. FAY L.M. ...30.00 + +Watervliet. Plym. Cong. Ch. ...20.66 + +Woman's Home Missionary Union, of + Mich., by Mrs. E.F. Grabill, Treas. for + Woman's Work: + + Ann Arbor. Bbl. of C., + val. 36.30 + + Calumet. "Helping Hands" + for helpless people in the + South ...25.00 + + Detroit. Mt. Hope, Sab. Sch. ...5.51 + + ----- ...30.51 + + + IOWA, $250.45. + +Bear Grove. Cong. Ch. ...11.62 + +Cedar Falls. Cong. Ch. ...22.60 + +Central City. Cong. Ch. ...10.00 + +Charles City. Cong. Ch., Dr. J.W. Smith ...5.00 + +Decorah. Cong. Ch. ...35.03 + +Ellsworth. Cong. Ch. ...2.69 + +Glenwood. Cong. Ch. ...7.00 + +Grinnell. Cong. Ch. ...11.81 + +Lewis. Cong. Ch. ...16.42 + +Manchester. Ladies Miss'y. Soc. 10; + by Eliza C. Day, Treas., Cong. Ch. 8.50 ...18.50 + +Nashua. Cong. Ch. ...2.63 + +Newell. Cong. Ch. ...4.60 + +Rochelle. Mrs. A.C. Francis ...1.00 + +Webster City. Cong. Ch. ...16.50 + +What Cheer. Mrs. Mary D. Hunter ...3.00 + +Iowa Woman's Home Missionary Union, + for Woman's Work: + + Almoral. L.M.S. ...2.10 + + Central City. L.H.M.S. ...5.00 + + Clay. W.H.M.S ...1.00 + + Cedar Falls. ...7.39 + + Des Moines. W.M.S. Plym. + Ch. ...21.70 + + Grinnell. W.H.M.U. ...19.60 + + Harlan. W.M.S ...5.40 + + Lewis. ...5.00 + + McGregor. W.M.S. ...8.60 + + New Hampton. L.M.S. ...4.26 + + Norwich, Vt. Miss H.M. + Stuart ...2.00 + + ------ ...82.05 + + + WISCONSIN, $17.58. + +Barneveld. Cong. Ch. ...3.52 + +Burlington. Cong. Ch. ...1.25 + +Depere. Cong. Ch. ...9.00 + +Paris and Bristol. Cong. Ch. ...1.81 + +West Salem. "M.L.C." ...2.00 + + + MINNESOTA, $123.64. + +Lake City. First Cong. Ch. ...20.50 + +Mankato. W.M.S. of Cong. Ch., for Womans' + Work, by Mrs. C.N. Cross ...10.16 + +Minneapolis. Plymouth Ch. 29; + Union Cong. Ch. 25.64; + Lyndale Cong. Ch. 17.77; + Silver Lake Mission Ch., 4; + Fifth Av. Cong. Ch., 3.50; + R. Laughlin, 1 ...80.91 + +Wabasha. Cong. Ch. ...12.07 + + + MISSOURI, $40.00. + +Saint Louis. Pilgrim Cong. Ch. ...40.00 + + + KANSAS, $77.56. + +Highland. Cong. Ch. ...5.00 + +Manhattan. Cong. Ch. ...11.16 + +Woman's Home Missionary Soc. of Kansas, + by Mrs. James G. Doughterty, for + Woman's Work ...61.40 + + + DAKOTA, $179.44. + +Lake Henry. Cong. Ch. ...2.75 + +Yankton. First Cong. Ch. (30 of which to + const. REV. DAN. F. BRADLEY L.M.) ...43.35 + + ----- + + ...46.10 + + ESTATE. + +Wahpeton. Estate of Mrs. L.H. Porter + by Rev. Saml. F. Porter ...133.34 + + ------- + + ...179.44 + + + NEBRASKA, $20.95. + +Crete. Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch. ...9.95 + +Nebraska City. Woman's Missionary + Soc. of First Cong. Ch. ...11.00 + + + INDIAN TERR. $3.40. + +Vinita. Cong. Ch. ...3.40 + + + CALIFORNIA, $2,022.80. + +East Los Angeles. J.E. Cushman ...25.00 + +Eureka. First Cong. Ch. ...36.75 + +Powelton. J.E. Lee ...10.00 + +San Francisco. Receipts of the California + Chinese Mission ...1951.05 + + + DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, $20.00. + +Washington. Gen. E. Whittlesey ...20.00 + + + KENTUCKY, $1.66. + +Woodbine, Rev. E.H. Bullock ...1.66 + + + NORTH CAROLINA, $22.74. + +Wilmington. Cong. Ch. ...16.66 + +Wilmington. Miss Hyde's S.S. Class, 3; + Miss Denton's S.S. Class, 1.08; + Mr. Littleton's S.S. Class, 1, + for Rosebud Indian M. ...5.08 + +Troy. S.D. Leak ...1.00 + + + GEORGIA, $2.53. + +Woodville. Rev. J.H.H. Sengstacke ...2.53 + + + CHINA, $20.00. + +Taiku. "Friends" 20.00 + + + JAPAN, $15.00. + +Sendai. Rev. and Mrs. J.H. De Forrest + for Tougaloo U. ...15.00 + + ------- + +Donations $16,302.73 + +Estates ...158.34 + + ---------- + + Total for October $16,461.07 + + ========== + + + +FOR THE AMERICAN MISSIONARY. + +Subscriptions for October ...$20.25 + + * * * * * + +RECEIPTS OF THE CALIFORNIA CHINESE MISSION, + from March 15th, to Sept. 20th, 1888. + E. Palache, Treas. + +FROM LOCAL MISSIONS.--Los Angeles, + Chinese Mon. Off's, 48.30.--Marysville + Chinese Mon. Off's, 32, Chinese Ann. + Mem's, 16; American Ann. Mem's, + 2.--Oakland, Chinese Ann. Mem's, + 26--Oroville, Chinese Mon. Off's, + 10.70. Chinese Ann. Mem's, 20.--Petaluma, + Chinese Mon. Off's, 10, Chinese Ann. + Mem's, 10, American Ann. Mem's. + 8.--Sacramento, Chinese Mon. Off's, 27.50. + Ann. Mem's, 48, Anniversary Coll., 10.75. + In part to const. Rev. W.C. Merrill L.M., + 5. "A Friend," 1.--San Buenaventura, + Chinese Mon. Off's, 55.95.--San Diego, + Chinese Mon Off's, 49.20, Ann. Mem's, + 6.--Santa Barbara, Chinese Mon. Off's, + 26.55, Ann. Mem's, 36. "Gift" 6. N.C. + Pitcher, 5. Mrs. O.D. Metcalf, 1.--Santa + Cruz, Chinese Mon. Off's. 37.70, Ann. + Mem's, 62.60. Cong. Ch. 31.--Stockton, + Chinese Mon. Off's, 11.40.--Tucson + Chinese Mon. Off's, 33. Ann. Mem's, + 30. "Friend," 2 668.65 + +FROM CHURCHES.--Berkeley, Cong. Ch. + 30.10.--Crockett, 2.50.--Highlands, San + Bernardino, 6.10.--Lorin, 3.--Oakland, + Golden Gate, 5.--Pasadena, First, + 22.45, Rio Vista, Church 10. Mrs. A.M. + Gardner, 2.--San Francisco, First, + Miss Mary Perkins, 5, Mrs. Carlton 2. San + Francisco Bethany Church.--AMERICANS.--Ann. + Mem's, 40.50.--F.J. Felt for L.M. + 25,--"Friend" 1.--In part to const. + Rev. E.D. Havan, L.M., 18.75. + CHINESE--Central Mission, Ann. + Mem's, 70. Mon. Off's, 28.95.--Barnes + Mission, Ann. Mem's, 4, Mon. Off's. + 7.60.--West Mission, Ann. Mem's, + 18. Mon. Off's, 19.65. To const. + Miss. Minnie G. Worley. L.M., + 22.--San Mateo, 25.--Saratoga, + 11.--Sonoma, 7.--Westminster, + 10.--Woodland, 12.80 409.40 + +FROM INDIVIDUAL DONORS.--Messrs. + Balfour, Guthrie & Co, 500.--Hon. F.F. + Low, 25.--James M. Haven, 25--Hawley + Bros. Hardware Co. 25.--Charles + Heisen. 25,--Rev. W.N. + Meserve, 5.--Rev. and Mrs. P. Combe, + 5 610.00 + +FROM EASTERN FRIENDS.--Bangor, Me., + Hon. E.R. Burpee, 100.--Belfast, + Me., Miss. E.M. Pond. 5.--Amherst, + Mass., Mrs. R.A. Lester, 100.--Auburndale, + Mass., Julia Pickard, 5.--Stockbride, + Mass., Miss Alice Byington, + 50.--Miss Adele Brewer, 3 262.00 + + -------- + +Total $1,951.05 + + ========= + +H.W. HUBBARD, Treasurer, + 56 Reade St., N.Y. + +*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 14383 *** diff --git a/LICENSE.txt b/LICENSE.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6312041 --- /dev/null +++ b/LICENSE.txt @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +This eBook, including all associated images, markup, improvements, +metadata, and any other content or labor, has been confirmed to be +in the PUBLIC DOMAIN IN THE UNITED STATES. + +Procedures for determining public domain status are described in +the "Copyright How-To" at https://www.gutenberg.org. + +No investigation has been made concerning possible copyrights in +jurisdictions other than the United States. Anyone seeking to utilize +this eBook outside of the United States should confirm copyright +status under the laws that apply to them. diff --git a/README.md b/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..61d7e3a --- /dev/null +++ b/README.md @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +Project Gutenberg (https://www.gutenberg.org) public repository for +eBook #14383 (https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/14383) diff --git a/old/14383.txt b/old/14383.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..cbdc01d --- /dev/null +++ b/old/14383.txt @@ -0,0 +1,5289 @@ +The Project Gutenberg eBook, The American Missionary, Volume 42, No. 12, +December, 1888, by Various + + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + + + + +Title: The American Missionary, Volume 42, No. 12, December, 1888 + +Author: Various + +Release Date: December 20, 2004 [eBook #14383] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-646-US (US-ASCII) + + +***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE AMERICAN MISSIONARY, VOLUME +42, NO. 12, DECEMBER, 1888*** + + +E-text prepared by Joshua Hutchinson, Donald Perry, John Hagerson, and the +Project Gutenberg Online Distributed Proofreading Team from scans +generously provided by Cornell University + + + +THE AMERICAN MISSIONARY +DECEMBER, 1888 +VOL. XLII. NO. 12 + + + + + + + +CONTENTS + + +EDITORIAL + +THE ANNUAL MEETING +THE DANIEL HAND EDUCATIONAL FUND + FOR COLORED PEOPLE +THE ANNOUNCEMENT OF THE GIFT +SKETCH OF MR. HAND'S LIFE +THE DEED OF TRUST +SUGGESTIONS +PILGRIM'S LETTERS +PARAGRAPHS + + +ANNUAL MEETING. + +PROCEEDINGS OF ANNUAL MEETING +SUMMARY OF TREASURER'S REPORT +REPORTS OF COMMITTEES +MEMORIAL SERVICE +THE AMERICAN FREEDMEN AS FACTORS + IN AFRICAN EVANGELIZATION, BY + SECRETARY STRIEBY +THE HOPEFULNESS OF INDIAN MISSIONS + AS SEEN IN THE LIGHT OF HISTORY. + BY SECRETARY BEARD + + +BUREAU OF WOMAN'S WORK. + +REPORT OF SECRETARY + + +RECEIPTS. + + * * * * * + +NEW YORK: + +Published by the American Missionary Association. +Rooms, 56 Reade Street. + + * * * * * + +Price, 50 Cents a Year, in Advance. + +Entered at the Post Office at New York, N.Y., as second-class matter. + + * * * * * + +American Missionary Association. + + * * * * * + +PRESIDENT, REV. WM. M. TAYLOR, D.D., LL.D., N.Y. + + +Vice-Presidents. + +Rev. A.J.F. BEHRENDS, D.D., N.Y. +Rev. F.A. NOBLE, D.D., Ill. +Rev. ALEX. McKENZIE, D.D., Mass. +Rev. D.O. MEARS, D.D., Mass. +REV. HENRY HOPKINS, D.D., MO. + + +Corresponding Secretaries. + +Rev. M.E. STRIEBY, D.D., 56 Reade Street, N.Y. +Rev. A.F. BEARD, D.D., 56 Reade Street, N.Y. + + +Recording Secretary. REV. M.E. STRIEBY, D.D. + + +Treasurer. + +H.W. HUBBARD, Esq., 56 Reade Street, N.Y. + + +Auditors. + +PETER McCARTEE. +CHAS. P. PEIRCE. + + +Executive Committee. + +JOHN H. WASHBURN, Chairman. +ADDISON P. FOSTER, Secretary. + +For Three Years. + J.E. RANKIN, + WM. H. WARD, + J.W. COOPER, + JOHN H. WASHBURN, + EDMUND L. CHAMPLIN. + +For Two Years. + LYMAN ABBOTT, + CHARLES A. HULL, + J.R. DANFORTH, + CLINTON B. FISK, + ADDISON P. FOSTER. + +For One Year. + S.B. HALLIDAY, + SAMUEL HOLMES, + SAMUEL S. MARPLES, + CHARLES L. MEAD, + ELBERT B. MONROE. + + +District Secretaries. + +Rev. C.J. RYDER, 21 Cong'l House, Boston. +Rev. J.E. ROY, D.D., 151 Washington Street, Chicago. + + +Financial Secretary for Indian Missions. + +Rev. CHAS. W. SHELTON. + + +Secretary of Woman's Bureau. + +Miss D.E. EMERSON, 56 Reade St., N.Y. + + * * * * * + +COMMUNICATIONS + +Relating to the work of the Association may be addressed to the +Corresponding Secretaries; letters for "THE AMERICAN MISSIONARY," to +the Editor, at the New York Office. + + +DONATIONS AND SUBSCRIPTIONS + +In drafts, checks, registered letters, or post-office orders, may be +sent to H.W. Hubbard, Treasurer, 56 Reade Street, New York, or, when +more convenient, to either of the Branch Offices, 21 Congregational +House, Boston, Mass, or 151 Washington Street, Chicago, Ill. A payment +of thirty dollars at one time constitutes a Life Member. + +NOTICE TO SUBSCRIBERS.--The date on the "address label," indicates the +time to which the subscription is paid. Changes are made in date on label +to the 10th of each month. If payment of subscription be made afterward, +the change on the label will appear a month later. Please send early +notice of change in post-office address, giving the former address and +the new address, in order that our periodicals and occasional papers may +be correctly mailed. + + +FORM OF A BEQUEST + +"I BEQUEATH to my executor (or executors) the sum of ---- dollars, in +trust, to pay the same in ---- days after my decease to the person who, +when the same is payable, shall act as Treasurer of the 'American +Missionary Association,' of New York City, to be applied, under the +direction of the Executive Committee of the Association, to its +charitable uses and purposes." The Will should be attested by three +witnesses. + + * * * * * + +THE + +AMERICAN MISSIONARY. + + * * * * * + +VOL. XLII. DECEMBER, 1888. No. 12. + + * * * * * + +American Missionary Association. + + * * * * * + +OUR ANNUAL MEETING. + +The Annual Meeting at Providence, R.I., will long be remembered in the +annals of this Association. Its general characteristics were +earnestness and enthusiasm. The interest did not flag from the +beginning to the end. We were glad to welcome our newly-elected +President, Rev. Wm. M. Taylor, D.D., who, by his dignity and facility +as a presiding officer, as well as by his able addresses, added largely +to the interest of the meeting. The sermon of Dr. Little was an uplift +at the outset; the Memorial Service for Dr. Powell was a loving tribute +to his memory; the papers read were of a high order, and dealt in a +practical way with living themes bearing on the work of the +Association; the reports on the several departments of that work were +discriminating, and showed a mastery of the subjects reviewed; and the +addresses of Drs. Mears, Behrends and Taylor, on the last evening were, +by their fervor, their broad range of thought and spiritual power, a +fitting close for the whole series of meetings. + +But the marked and peculiar feature of the occasion was the +announcement of the munificent gift of Mr. Daniel Hand, of more than a +million of dollars, to aid the Association in its efforts for the +colored people of the South. This event, so inspiring in its immediate +effect, and so far-reaching and permanent in its beneficial results, +deserves full and special mention. + + * * * * * + +THE DANIEL HAND EDUCATIONAL FUND FOR COLORED PEOPLE. + +The gift of more than a million of dollars by Mr. Hand for the +education of the colored people of the South, was a noble deed--alike +patriotic, philanthropic and Christian. The gift was wisely made. It +was after mature deliberation; it was during his lifetime, and thus +avoids the possibility of future litigation; it is bestowed upon a race +with whose wants Mr. Hand had become thoroughly familiar; it was given +to a Society that from the first, amid obloquy and danger, has been +true to the colored man; and it is made a permanent fund, the income +only to be used, thus securing its perpetual usefulness. + +The conditions of the grant are simple, easily applicable, practical +and not liable to render the fund inoperative by any change of +circumstances. It aims simply to give to the colored people a training +that will fit them for every day life, or to become teachers of their +race. Hence it will be confined to primary, industrial and normal +education. We have no doubt that Mr. Hand values the missionary future +of the African in his native land; that he realizes the importance of +his religious training in this country, and that he appreciates the +need of the higher education of a portion of the race; but his gift, +large as it is, cannot cover everything, and he has, therefore, wisely +chosen the definite sphere in which his money shall accomplish its +work. Opportunity is thus given others equally liberal to provide for +other parts of the great work to be done for the negro race. + +Mr. Hand may not live long enough to see for many years the practical +working of his far-reaching gift, but generation after generation of +the Negroes of the South will rise up to call him blessed. + + * * * * * + +THE ANNOUNCEMENT OF THE GIFT. + +[Abridged from the _Providence Journal_.] + +The Address of Secretary Strieby. + +It is my privilege, and I esteem it a great honor, to be called upon to +announce one of the most surprising and gratifying facts, financially +considered at least, that has ever occurred in the history of this +Association. The American Missionary Association has this week received +the largest gift ever made in this country by a living donor to a +benevolent society. Daniel Hand, an aged resident of Guilford, Conn., +formerly a merchant in the South, has given to the Association +$1,000,894.25, in interest-bearing securities, to be held in trust and +known as "THE DANIEL HAND EDUCATIONAL FUND FOR COLORED PEOPLE," the +income only to be used for the education of colored people in the +Southern States. Mr. Hand, having made his money in the South, and +having seen the ignorance and consequent disadvantages of the colored +people there, felt that he could not use it better than in providing +for their education, and has chosen to entrust to the American +Missionary Association, whose work is so largely devoted to the +elevation of that people, the care of this magnificent gift, and the +disbursement of its income in accordance with the provisions of the +trust. + + * * * * * + +This announcement was received with great enthusiasm, which was +prolonged for several minutes, and the most intense excitement +prevailed. An address was then given by John H. Washburn, Esq., +Chairman of the Executive Committee, after which Rev. Dr. Mears made an +address, which was followed by the singing of the Doxology with great +fervor and emphasis. + + * * * * * + +Remarks by Mr. John H. Washburn. + +Mr. President.--The last few years have been remarkable in gifts and +legacies. Some have endowed colleges and universities; some, as in this +case, have been for the benefit of a peculiar race, but no one in his +own lifetime has ever selected a benevolent association as beneficiary, +and endowed it with such a munificent gift as Daniel Hand has bestowed +upon the American Missionary Association. He was, it seems to me, wise +in choosing this course. Others have seen fit to put their funds in the +hands of trustees organized and incorporated to hold the trust. He +might have done that, but what would have been the gain over the +present plan? Those trustees must have availed themselves, as the +trustees of the Peabody Fund and the trustees of the Slater Fund are +compelled to do, of existing organizations for knowing the needs of the +people; where and how the money can be used to the best advantage. Mr. +Hand availed himself of an organization ready to his hand, one whose +agents are better qualified to judge of the needs of the people, the +plans to be pursued, the work to be done, than any other organization +in this country. + +Now the first thought of the executive officers and committee in +receiving this magnificent gift is gratitude to God, who put it into +the heart of this man to entrust to us such great means of usefulness +for the people for which we labor. But there is a second thought; is +this gift to be a blessing to us or a curse? That depends upon our +constituents, the men and women personally, and on the churches, not on +the officers of the Association. How do you, the individual givers to +this Association, regard this gift? Every special gift to such +organizations as this, whether it be for special endowment or to +establish special schools, implies more money, an increase of +contribution. Gifts for new buildings, gifts for establishing new plant +are apt to be an embarrassment unless the individuals will respond with +increased donations. Now this fund which is given us, while the terms +are liberal, is limited in its scope,--it is strictly for the education +of the colored youth in the Southern States of America. Not one dollar +of this can be used for general work, not one dollar for the Indian, or +for our Mountain Work; strictly limited in its use, we need in +consequence even more money than before. We are endowed with this great +gift, but we may not be able to use it efficiently if there is a lack +of supplementary contributions, and for that reason we make a new and +strong appeal for them. + +You pay your money where you have your interest. That man who, in +building a mission church in a rough, uncouth neighborhood, called on +the hoodlums in the vicinity to make a contribution of a brick apiece +for the new church, was a wise man. Every bootblack, every newsboy, +every garbage gatherer in it who put a brick in that church had an +interest in it. It was "Our Church," and at once the interest of the +neighborhood was secured for this mission church, as it could have been +done in no other way. So we ask you to withhold not your bricks; with +the bricks will come the interest, the heart, the prayers. + + +Remarks by Dr. Mears. + +Rev. Dr. Mears, who occupied the chair temporarily, followed the +address of Mr. Washburn, voicing the gratitude of the Association. He +spoke of the feelings almost of depression after the great wants of the +work had been so evident from the various reports and addresses of the +meeting. The words of reply to the prophet in the famine stricken city +of Samaria had been often repeated as to the possibility of relief for +those despised; "Behold if the Lord would make windows in heaven, might +this thing be?" This munificent gift of a million dollars seems like a +gift dropped from the pierced hand into the lap of this Association. It +seems a seal of the divine favor upon this organization, whose sole +care is for those races that are poor and despised. The speaker +referred to the suggestion of Mr. Washburn, that the gift must be +either a blessing or a curse. It would be a curse if the benefactions +of the churches should be withheld because of Mr. Hand's munificence. +The divineness of the gift, however, precluded such a fear. There is +too much consecration in the hearts of God's children to keep back a +single offering for those for whom Christ died. The great promise of +the Master will prove itself true; "To him that hath shall be given." +Turning to the members of the Executive Committee, the suggestion was +made that the manner in which they should guard this great gift would +be a potent factor in urging greater gifts from the churches. In such +hands was left the burden of showing that only a blessing and not a +curse was possible. Be true to your great trust. His closing words were +in recognition of the blessings sure to rest upon the venerable giver +whose last days have been so near heaven as to catch the beams of holy +light. + + * * * * * + +SKETCH OF MR. HAND'S LIFE. + +Daniel Hand was born in Madison, Conn., July 16, 1801, and was +therefore in the eighty-eighth year of his age when he made his gift +for the education of the colored people at the South. His ancestors +have resided in that town for several generations and were always +landholders, industrious, quiet and respectable. To this ancestry Mr. +Hand is probably indebted under God for his physical vigor, long life, +strength of character and success in business. He was the fourth son of +seven, and was on the farm under his father's direction until he was +sixteen years of age, when he was put in charge of his second brother, +Augustus F. Hand, who was then a merchant at Augusta, Ga., and whom he +succeeded in business. In 1854 Mr. Hand went to New York in connection +with his Southern business, and remained there in that capacity until +the beginning of the war in 1861. He resided in some portion of the +Southern Confederacy during the entire war, and was never treated with +violence in any way, and no Confederate officer ever offered him +indignity or even an unkind word. + +Mr. G.W. Williams, a native Georgian, was, at about the age of sixteen, +employed by Mr. Hand as a clerk in Augusta, and in a few years was +taken in as partner. Mr. Williams suggested a branch of the business in +Charleston, and conducted it successfully. When the war came on Mr. +Hand's capital was largely employed in the Charleston business, which +Mr. Williams as a Southern man continued, having the use of Mr. Hand's +capital, which the Confederate Government vainly endeavored to +confiscate by legal proceedings against Mr. Hand, as a Northern man of +pronounced anti-slavery sentiments. After the war Mr. Hand came North +and left it to his old partner, Mr. Williams, to adjust the business +and make up the accounts, allowing him almost unlimited time for so +doing. When this was accomplished, Mr. Williams came North and paid +over to Mr. Hand his portion of the long-invested capital and its +accumulations, as an honest and honorable merchant and trusted partner +should do. + +Many years ago Mr. Hand was bereaved of wife and children, and he has +since remained unmarried. This fact, together with his benevolent +impulses, led him to form plans to use his property for the benefit of +mankind. He thought at first of devoting a part of it to some Northern +colleges, but his attention being turned to the needed and successful +work done among the colored people of the South, his purpose was soon +formed to aid them. He said he knew them, and the disadvantages arising +out of their ignorance, their inability to keep accounts, to secure +their rights in making settlements, and consequently the hindrances +they encountered in their industries and in the acquisition of lands +and homes. As it was known that he had money and benevolent intentions +in regard to the use of it, many methods were suggested to him for that +purpose. Some of these he investigated with care, but he never saw +occasion to change the purpose which he formed more than ten years ago, +to make the colored people his beneficiaries through the American +Missionary Association, which he found was doing so large and +successful a work among the very people whom he wished to benefit, and +in methods in accordance with his own views. More than ten years ago he +had incorporated in his will a legacy of $100,000 for the Association. +It was suggested to him at that time that he should become his own +executor, but he felt that his securities were safe and productive, and +at last it became a cherished purpose with him to make the gift a +million of dollars as soon as he could do so with due regard to other +objects he had in view. + +The consummation of this great purpose was finally closed by the +transfer (October 22nd) of the securities to the Association by the +Hon. Luzon B. Morris, who has been throughout his trusted and honored +legal and financial adviser. This gift enrolls Mr. Hand among the +honored names of wealthy men who have devoted their fortunes, not to +mere display or personal gratification, but to elevate and bless the +ignorant and needy. + +Mr. Hand is a man of tall, commanding presence, and still at the age of +eighty-seven writes with a firm and bold hand, and expresses himself in +brief and vigorous language. + + * * * * * + +THE DEED OF TRUST. + +The purposes and conditions of this great trust are as follows: + +"The said Daniel Hand, desiring to establish a permanent fund, the +income of which shall be used for the purpose of educating needy and +indigent colored people of African descent, residing, or who may +hereafter reside in the recent slave States of the United States of +America, sometimes called the Southern States; meaning those States +wherein slavery was recognized by law in the year A.D. 1861, and in +consideration of the promises and undertakings of the said American +Missionary Association, hereinafter set forth, does hereby give, +transfer and deliver unto the said American Missionary Association the +following bonds and property in trust, viz.: (Here follows a list of +the property transferred, amounting at par value to $1,000,894.25. The +market value is more than that sum.) Said bonds and property to be +received and held by said American Missionary Association, _upon +trust_, and for the following purposes, viz.: To safely manage the said +trust fund, to change investments whenever said Association may deem it +necessary or advisable to reinvest the principal of said trust fund in +such securities, property and investments as said Association may deem +best, and to use the _income thereof only_ for the education of colored +people of African descent residing in the recent slave States of the +United States of America hereinbefore specified. + +"Such income to be applied for the education of such colored people as +are needy and indigent and such as by their health, strength and vigor +of body and mind give indications of efficiency and usefulness in after +life. + +"Said American Missionary Association and the proper officers thereof, +shall have the right, while acting in good faith, to select from time +to time such persons from the above described class as are to receive +aid from the income of said trust fund, hereby confiding to said +Association the selection of such persons as it shall deem most worthy +and deserving of such aid, but I would limit the sum of $100 as the +largest sum to be expended for any person in any one year from this +fund. I impose no restrictions upon said Association as to the manner +in which they shall use such income for the education of such colored +people, whether by establishing schools for that purpose, and +maintaining the same, or by furnishing individual aid; trusting to said +Association and the officers thereof the use of such means in the +execution of said trust as in their judgment will be most for the +advantage of that class of people. + +"Said trust fund shall be set apart and at all times known as the +'Daniel Hand Educational Fund for Colored People.' And the said +Association shall keep separate accounts of the investment of this +fund, and of the income derived therefrom, and of the use to which such +income is applied, and shall publish monthly statements of the receipts +from said fund, specifying its source, object and intention." + + * * * * * + +SUGGESTIONS. + +Something to Remember. + +Our first thought is for the pastors and churches to whom these words +may come. It is this: Remember that the American Missionary Association +has not a million of dollars to expend in its work. + +It has the yearly income of this great gift as a Trust Fund to be used, +not for the work which our churches have taken on, but to do a specific +work which would not otherwise be undertaken. The American Missionary +Association will carry out the wishes of this large giver in their +trust, and the Hand Fund will not be used to supplement the other work +committed to the Association. + +Do not say then, that we have a million and need nothing. Our execution +of a trust to do additional work to the extent of $50,000 a year or +more, in no way changes our dependence upon the constituency of the +A.M.A. We have no balance whatever at the bank to supplement any lack +from the churches. The Hand Fund stands out distinctly committed to its +appropriate work. This it will do. + +It will, however, make the work to which we are already committed more +imperative. We do not believe that the churches will in any degree +defeat the purposes of Mr. Hand by devoting less than before to their +own work, but that they will rather encourage larger gifts than ever, +by an emulation of a like spirit, to be used for the redemption of a +race. This is not a Trust Fund to relieve the churches. It is to make +their work greater and more effective. + +The reports of the several committees at Providence all called for an +enlargement of our work. It was recommended that $375,000 be raised and +used in the fiscal year 1888-1889. This means something more than +$30,000 a month. The receipts for October were $16,416.07, being but a +little more than half of that which is needed. Our dependence must be +where it has been; first of all upon God, and then upon those who are +his stewards. We do not believe that God's stewards will be willing to +use this signal illustration of fidelity to stewardship as a reason why +they should do less rather than more in their working together with +him. The American Missionary Association begins its year with a debt of +$5,000 and needs $30,000 a month to carry on its regular work. + + +Large Gifts no Substitute for Small Ones. + +A Pope of Rome in the midst of his great wealth once said, "I cannot +say as Peter did: 'Silver and gold have I none!'" To which the reply +was made: "Neither can you say, 'In the name of Jesus Christ, rise up +and walk.'" Peter and the Pope are types of two conditions of the +church of Christ. When it is dependent on Christ, it can bless the +bodies and souls of men; when it relies on its wealth, it can do +neither. A missionary society that should be so thoroughly endowed as +to feel itself to be independent of God and man for funds would soon be +thoroughly dead. Its power is in proportion to the faith it uplifts to +God, and to the constant sense of dependence with which it rests down +upon the sympathy and support of the churches. It can never flourish +except as it is refreshed by the little rills of benevolence that flow +from praying Christians; that treasury is poor, indeed, that does not +receive the widow's two mites. The American Missionary Association can +come with blessings to the neglected races of our land only as it lays +hold with one hand upon the arm of the Lord and with the other grasps +the hands of the pastors and members of the churches--as it enables +them to feel that it is their society doing God's work for them. + +But does not the magnificent gift of Mr. Hand lift the Association +above such dependence on the churches? Is it not at least so well +provided for that the churches need not be so regular and liberal in +their contributions? We answer emphatically that if this should be the +result of that gift, we should esteem it no blessing; and in this we +are sure Mr. Hand himself would unite with us. We are told that he was +accustomed to read the "Receipts" acknowledged in the AMERICAN +MISSIONARY, and was greatly delighted that so many small donations were +reported. He said that one thing that confirmed him in the choice of +the Association as the almoner of his bounty was the hold it seemed to +have upon the mass of intelligent and praying members of the New +England churches, No! the gift of Mr. Hand, generous and large as it +is, provides for only a part of our great work. It does not touch the +Church, Mountain, Indian, Chinese or Higher Educational Departments. It +is wisely appropriated; it goes directly and practically to a point +where help is much needed. But it is limited to that and does not cover +even all of that. Let the churches do neither themselves, the +Association nor Mr. Hand the great wrong of withholding because he +gives; rather let them take this gift as God and the generous donor +meant it to be--a help in lifting the heavy load, to be responded to by +heartier co-operation and larger contributions. + + +A Helping Hand Extended to the South. + +How strange are the links that sometimes bind events together, and how +obvious are often the compensations that Providence renders to faithful +work. + +In 1846 a society was formed in the North distinguished mainly by its +sympathy for the slave. But slavery then ruled the North as well as the +South, and this society was made to feel the rod of its power. Some of +its founders learned that rewards had been offered for their abduction; +others suffered from the violence of mobs; and its missionaries in the +South were imprisoned or banished. When the slaves were freed, the +society went swiftly and energetically to their help, and has sent to +them thousands of consecrated teachers and has spent millions of money +for their relief. Its work is now so manifestly beneficial that it is +welcomed by both the blacks and the whites in the South. + +At the date of the founding of this society, a Northern man in the +prime of life was carrying on a prosperous mercantile business in a +Southern city. He had already been in that city nearly thirty years and +was honored and trusted. When the war came his property was +jeopardized, but was afterwards returned to him in full. And now comes +the Providential compensation. That wealth earned in the South, lost +and then restored, is given back to the South to educate and assist the +emancipated slaves. The giver, now in the 88th year of his age, finds +it the joy and crown of his life to be thus not only a benefactor to +the poor blacks, but to furnish a marked illustration of the fraternal +feeling which the North cherishes towards the South. And may we not add +that Providence in guiding this noble man to select this once +persecuted society as the almoner of his bounty, is giving it a token +of the Divine approbation for its faithfulness to the oppressed slave. + + +A Message to the Colored People. + +It is due to Mr. Hand to say that he is much more interested in the +good that shall be done to the colored people by his gift, than he is +in any public notices of himself. His letters to us discourage such +notices, but he writes most warmly urging us to press upon the colored +people the all-controlling thought, that they must be the chief and +most efficient agents in the great work of their own advancement in +industry, temperance and civilization; that they should not become +office seekers, and should abandon at once and forever, the expectation +of aid for them as colored people, and that above all, that which is +most vital to them for this world and the next, is love to God and man, +and that the Bible is the best source of light and the foundation of +their surest hopes. + +These are wise counsels and we shall endeavor to press them upon all, +and especially upon those whom we shall aid out of this fund. We +believe that Mr. Hand would deplore it as the greatest calamity that +could befall his gift, if it should in any way pauperize the colored +people or take from them their sense of the need--the essential need of +self-reliance and self-help--if it should tempt them to an idle life, +to seeking after office or to become beggars for help from Government +or from any other source. This gift, in the intention of the donor, and +in that of the Association that is to administer it, is that it may be +a stimulus and encouragement to personal energy and enterprise. + + * * * * * + +PILGRIM'S LETTERS. + +Bits of History. + +Rev. Joseph E. Roy, D.D., author of the neatly printed volume bearing +this title, is a man of quick and accurate observation. In the days +when "Missionary Campaigns" were in vogue, and the representatives of +the several Congregational Societies held missionary meetings from town +to town, Dr. Roy, in an hour or two after our arrival at a place, would +contrive to pick up so many facts about the history of the town, its +distinguished men of the past, its ancient church edifices, etc., etc., +as to surprise and perhaps enlighten the pastor and some of the people, +as he skillfully introduced these facts into the opening of his +address. Dr. Roy had an equal facility in writing down his observations +in graphic and vigorous English. What some other men would labor in +penning with frequent hesitation and erasures, he would dash off +_currente calamo_. It has fallen to the lot of Dr. Roy to have had +another advantage. He has been a pastor for several years, and +subsequently a Secretary alternately of the A.M.A. and the A.H.M.S. for +nearly thirty years. His duties have called him into all parts of the +United States, and especially into the West and South. In all his +journeys he has jotted down his rapid and yet careful observations, and +the Letters of Pilgrim in the _Congregationalist_, the _Independent_ +and the _Advance_, have become as familiar as household words in the +pastor's study, and the homes of Congregationalists throughout the +land. The thoughtful care and deft fingers of Pilgrim's wife have +clipped out these letters and pasted them into suitable blank books +until they became almost a library. The topics covered by these letters +are as varied as the place in which they were written. They begin as +far back as 1857, and describe events in the Border war of Kansas, the +great Rebellion, the steps of Reconstruction as well as the more +peaceful but no less interesting proceedings of National Councils, +great Missionary Anniversaries and the quiet, yet lifelike scenes +gathered from pastors' lives, and the homes of the people settling in +the far West, or of the negroes in their new life as Freedmen. + +This volume contains the gems gathered out of this great casket. The +reader must not expect to find in it consecutive history or full +details on every topic, but he will be surprised, we think, at finding +so much and such accurate information on so many interesting items in +regard to the events that have transpired in the Nation, and especially +in the Congregational Churches, during the last thirty years. It is, as +the second title indicates, bits of history. + +Dr. Roy was very much beloved in the South, by preachers, teachers, and +the people. No Superintendent or other worker of the A.M.A., from the +North, ever had so many negro children named for him. Indeed we are +told that one family were so ardent in their attachment that they had +their boy christened with the names and titles in full--_Reverend +Joseph E. Roy, D.D._ + +By the generous gifts of a few gentlemen who appreciate Dr. Roy's +life-long work we are enabled to send 100 copies of the volume to some +of these friends, who would greatly value the book, but are not able to +pay for it. + + * * * * * + +The executive committee of the American Missionary Association has +unanimously appointed Prof. Edward S. Hall a Field Superintendent, to +examine and report upon the work of our schools and churches in our +Southern field. Prof. Hall is a graduate of Amherst College, has had +several years' experience as a principal of High Schools, and of late +years has been a successful Superintendent of Schools in one of the +cities of Connecticut. He brings to this work a large and immediate +acquaintance with educational methods, and a personal practical +experience. + +We commend him to our missionary workers in the field as a Christian +brother, prepared in sympathy and in experience to assist them in the +various phases of their work. + + * * * * * + +We have received 350 copies of a volume, very neatly printed and bound, +entitled, "The 'Come' and 'Go' Family Text Book, containing 'Come' and +'Go' Texts for every day in the year." And accompanying the generous +gift is this note: "A friend of the colored race takes pleasure in +furnishing these books for the workers and advanced pupils in the +schools under the care of the American Missionary Association." We +thank the donor in behalf of those who will gladly welcome and +diligently use the gift. + + * * * * * + +Back numbers of the "American Missionary."--During the last ten years +we have had frequent applications from public libraries and from +colleges for back numbers of our Magazine to make up complete sets. Our +supply has been exhausted and we have been obliged to decline. An +appeal now comes from the Professor of Church History in Oberlin +Theological Seminary, in these words: "As the Association is closely +connected with the history of Oberlin, I wish to put my classes in +American Church History on the history of the Association." The Oberlin +library contains nothing complete till 1880. + +Can any of our subscribers supply the want to a college so long and so +closely identified with the early struggles of the Association? If so, +please address Prof. F.H. Foster, Oberlin, Ohio. + + * * * * * + +FORTY-SECOND ANNUAL MEETING + +OF THE + +AMERICAN MISSIONARY ASSOCIATION. + + * * * * * + +The Forty-second Annual Meeting of the American Missionary Association +convened in the Union Congregational Church, Providence, R.I., on +Tuesday, October 23d, 1888, at 3 P.M. + +In the absence of the President, the Association was called to order by +the Senior Secretary, who invited E.B. Monroe, Esq., of New York, to +take the chair until the arrival of the President, Rev. William M. +Taylor, D.D., of New York. + +Rev. M. McG. Dana, D.D., of Massachusetts, read the Scriptures and led +in prayers. + +Rev. Henry A. Hazen, of Massachusetts, was elected Secretary and Rev. +James H. Ross, of Massachusetts, Assistant Secretary. + +Secretary Beard read the portion of the Constitution relating to life +membership and delegates, and the roll of the Association and Visitors +was prepared, as follows: + + +ROLL. + +State Associations. + +Rev. C.B. Curtis, Ala.; Rev. Horace C. Hovey, Conn.; Rev. B.A. Imes, +Tenn.; Rev. S.M. Newman, D.C. + + +Local Conferences. + +Rev. A.K. Gleason, Mass.; William P. Hubbard, Me.; Rev. D.E. Jones, +Conn.; Rev. H.G. Marshall, Conn.; Rev. B.G. Northrop, Conn.; Miss L.L. +Phelps, Me.; Rev. M.C. Stebbins, Vt.; Rev. Lewis Williams, N.Y.; Mrs. +Lewis Williams, N.Y. + + +Delegates from the Churches. + +Rev. F.D. Austin, N.H.; Dea. Edward Autz, R.I.; Horatio Bailey, Mass.; +Rev. John Barstow, Mass.; Edward D. Beach, Conn.; Rev. Wm. H. Beard, +Conn.; Dea. George T. Beach, Conn.; Rev. Quincy Blakely, N.H.; N.C. +Boutelle, Mass.; Mrs. Juliet H. Brand, O.; Rev. H.S. Brown, Conn.; Rev. +Wm. T. Briggs, Mass.; M.A.H. Brigham, R.I.; Rev. F.L. Bristol, Mass.; +Frank E. Bundy, Mass.; Mrs. J.I.W. Burgess, Mass.; Rev. Wolcott +Calkins, Mass.; A.A. Carr, Mass.; Mrs. Robert Chapman, Conn.; Mrs. Mary +W. Claflin, Ill.; Rev. and Mrs. S.W. Clarke, Mass.; Rev. Bernard +Copping, Mass.; Leyrand S. Carpenter, Conn.; Rev. Zenas Crowell, Mass.; +Mr. and Mrs. Joshua W. Davis, Mass.; Dea. Levi S. Deming, Conn.; Rev. +John W. Dodge, Mass.; Rev. R.C. Drisko, Vt.; Rev. and Mrs. A.J. Dyer, +Mass.; Rev. Edward O. Dyer, Mass.; Rev. John Elderkin, Conn.; Miss Mary +E.P. Elderkin, Conn.; Mr. and Mrs. J.D. Eldredge, Mass.; Rev. F.F. +Emerson, R.I.; Rev. Thomas A. Emerson, Conn.; Rev. F.L. Ferguson, +Conn.; Rev. R.H. Gidman, Conn.; Mrs. N.M. Goodale, Mass.; Mrs. L.M. +Gurney, Mass.; Arthur H. Hale, N.H.; Mr. and Mrs. J.S. Hall, Conn.; +Mrs. S.I. Hall, Mass.; Rev. Henry E. Hart, Conn.; Rev. J.P. Harvey, +Mass.; Rev. Wm. H. Haskell, Me.; Rev. and Mrs. R.W. Haskins, Mass.; +Rev. Henry A. Hazen, Mass.; Miss Helen E. Haynes, Mass.; C.F. Haywood, +Mass.; Rev. James L. Hill, Mass.; Dea. Farrington Holbrook, Mass.; +Silas R. Holmes, Conn.; Rev. and Mrs. Palmer S. Hulbert, Mass.; Joseph +W. Hungerford, Conn.; Charles Jewett, Tenn.; Miss Mary K. Keith, Mass.; +L.B. Kendall, R.I.; Rev. G.N. Killogg, Conn.; Rev. H.L. Kelsey, Conn.; +Rev. George S. Kemp, Mass.; James O. Kendall, Mass.; Dea. A. Kingsbury, +Conn.; Edmund F. Leland, Mass.; Rev. J.R. McLean, Texas; Russel +Manchester, R.I.; Dea. George T. Meech, Conn.; Rev. and Mrs. George A. +Miller, Conn.; L.A. Morgan, Conn.; James A. Morse, N.H.; Rev. Chas. S. +Murkland, N.H.; Dea. and Mrs. B.A. Nourse, Mass.; Rev. Bernard Paine, +Conn.; Mrs. C.M. Palmer, Mass.; Rev. C.W. Park, Conn.; Rev. H.J. +Patrick, Mass.;. Mrs. Abner C. Paul, Mass.; Dea. Charles Peck, Conn.; +Mrs. Kathleen M. Phipps, Mass.; Rev. Charles M. Pierce, Mass.; George +W. Pike, Conn.; Herbert W. Pillsbury, Mass.; Rev. E.S. Potter, Mass.; +Samuel Prentice and wife, Conn.; Rev. and Mrs. A.J. Quick, Conn.; Rev. +George W. Reynolds, Me.; George E. Richards, Mass.; Elisha F. +Richardson, Mass.; Rev. C.B Riggs, Tenn.; Mrs. George H. Rugg, Mass.; +Rev. Moses T. Runnels, N.H.; Lawson A. Seagrave, Mass.; Rev. John +Scott, Conn.; J.H. Shedd, Mass.; George W. Shelton, Conn.; Rev. Thomas +Simms, Conn.; Dea. P. Skinner, Jr., R.I.; Rev. J.D. Smiley, R.I.; Miss +Augusta Smith, Mass.; Arthur M. Stone, Mass.; Rev. Chas. B. Strong, +Conn.; Rev. George W. Stearns, Mass.; Alexander Storer, Mass.; J.W. +Stickney, Mass.; Mrs. E.M. Strong, Conn.; Mrs. Wm. H. Swett, Mass.; +Caleb T. Symmes, Mass.; Rev. Wm. M. Thayer, Mass.; Miss M. Estelle +Vance, Mass.; Rev. M. Van Horne, R.I.; Rev. R.W. Wallace, Mass.; Mr. +and Mrs. Henry S. Walter, Conn.; Dea. Francis J. Ward, Mass.; Mrs. +Francis J. Ward, Mass.; Dr. Lucien C. Warner, N. Y.; Rev. James Wells, +Mass.; Rev. C.A. White, Mass.; Rev. John E. Wildey, R.I.; Rev. Preston +B. Wing, Mass.; Chas. P. Wood, Mass.; Dea. Franklin Wood, N.Y.; Mr. and +Mrs. Clinton A. Woodbury, Me.; Rev. W. Woodbury, Mass.; Rev. J.J. +Woolley, R.I.; Rev. Wm. H. Woodwell, Mass. + + +Life Members. + +H.N. Ackerman, Mass.; Rev. F.H. Adams, R.I.; Rev. W.S. Alexander, +Mass.; J.H. Bailey, Conn.; Rev. F.W. Baldwin, Mass.; Rev. John W. +Ballantine, Mass.; Rev. Luther H. Barber, Conn.; Dea. H.W. Barrows, +Mass.; A.C. Barstow, R.I.; Miss Mattie R. Barstow, Conn.; Rev. A.F. +Beard, KY.; Rev. Edwin S. Beard, Conn.; Mrs. E.H. Beckwith, N.J.; Miss +L. Beckwith, Conn.; David Birge, Conn.; Rev. J.T. Blades, Mass.; George +Booth, R.I.; Rev. James Brand, O.; Chas. N. Brown, N.Y.; Mrs. Chas. N. +Brown, N.Y.; Dea. T.F. Buckingham, Conn.; Mrs. Delia E. Bucklin, Mass.; +Mr. J.I.W. Burgess, Mass.; Miss Anna M. Cahill, Tenn.; Dea. Samuel B., +Capen, Mass.; Rev. DeWitt S. Clark, Mass.; Walter C. Clark, Conn.; John +H. Cleveland, Conn.; Rev. J.W. Cooper, Conn.; Robert Cushman, R.I.; +Rev. M.M.G. Dana, Mass.; George P. Davis, Mass.; Rev. and Mrs. E. +Dawes, Mass.; Rev. P.B. Davis, Mass.; Mr. and Mrs. R.L. Day, Mass.; +Rev. Oliver S. Dean, Mass.; Rev. Morton Dexter, Mass.; Rev. Samuel W. +Dike, Mass.; John B. Doolittle, Neb.; Charles Duncan, Mass.; Rev. W.R. +Eastman, Mass.; Miss D.E. Emerson, N.Y.; Rev. John L. Ewell, Mass.; Mr. +and Mrs. Franklin Fairbanks, Vt.; Rev. S.H. Fellows, Conn.; Rev. L.Z. +Ferris, R.I.; Milton M. Fisher, Mass.; Miss M.M. Fitch, Mass.; Rev. +Edward T. Fleming, Ga.; Rev. Addison P. Foster, Mass.; Mrs. Jacob +Fullarton, Mass.; Mrs. E.A.H. Grosvenor, Mass.; Rev. Alexander Hall, +Conn.; Mrs. Mortimer Hall, Mass.; Rev. George E. Hall, N.H.; Rev. C.H. +Hamlin, Mass.; Samuel R. Heywood, Mass.; Miss Lucy J. Harrison, Conn.; +Rev. W.D. Hart, R.I.; Rev. Allen Hazen, Mass.; Miss Alma J. Herbert, +N.H.; Rev. John W. Hird, Mass.; Elisha Holbrook, Mass.; Mrs. Farrington +Holbrook, Mass.; Dea. Henry T. Holt, N.Y.; Rev. Rowland B. Howard, +Mass.; H.W. Hubbard, N.Y.; Rev. and Mrs. W.T. Hutchins, Conn.; Rev. +A.H. Johnson, Mass.; Rev. H.E. Johnson, R.I.; Mrs. Loring Johnson, +Mass.; Rev. Samuel Johnson, N.Y,; Rev. R.R. Kendall, Mass.; Rev. Arthur +Little, Ill.; Rev. G.E. Lovejoy, Mass.; Rev. J.H. Lyon, R.I.; Rev. P.W. +Lyman, Mass.; Rev. A.P. Marion, Mass.; Roland Mather, Conn.; Chas. L. +Mead, N.Y.; Rev. D.O. Mears, Mass.; Rev. and Mrs. C.E. Milliken, N.H.; +Rev. Eldridge Mix, Mass.; Elbert B. Monroe, Conn.; Rev. George W. +Moore, D.C.; Mrs. Woodbridge Odlin, Mass.; Rev. Henry A. Osgood, Mass.; +Rev. Wm. S. Palmer, Conn.; Rev. Leonard S. Parker, Mass.; Mrs. H.P. +Parsons, Conn.; Rev. Charles H. Peck, Conn.; Rev. A.B. Peffers, Mass.; +George F. Platt, Conn.; Mrs. Willard Pettee, Mass.; Rev. and Mrs. S.W. +Powell, Mass.; Dea. Augustus Pratt, Mass.; Rev. Lewellyn Pratt, Conn.; +Samuel A. Pratt, Mass.; Rev. George H. Reed, Mass.; Rev. A.M. Rice, +Mass.; Mrs. E.B. Rice, Mass.; A.H. Richardson, Mass.; Mr. and Mrs. C.A. +Richardson, Mass.; Rev. N. Richardson, R.I.; Mrs. M.E. Richardson, +Mass.; Rev. James Richmond, Mass.; Mrs. R.B. Risk, Mass.; Rev. Edward +P. Root, Conn.; Rev. Jos. E. Roy, Ill.; Dea. E.A. Russell, Conn.; Rev. +C.J. Ryder, Mass.; Rev. G.S.F. Savage, Ill.; Rev. George H. Scott, +Mass.; Rev. Charles W. Shelton, Conn.; F.C. Sherman, Conn.; Rev. J.E. +Smith, Tenn.; L.B. Smith, R.I.; Rev. C.M. Southgate, Mass.; Rev. +Wayland Spaulding, N.Y.; Albert Spooner, Mass.; S.A. Spooner, Mass.; +Miss Mary N. Shaw, Mass.; Mrs. A.S. Steele, Tenn.; Rev. Geo. E. Street, +N.H.; Rev. M.E. Strieby, N.Y.; Rev. J.M. Sturtevant, O.; Rev. and Mrs. +R.M. Taft, Mass.; Dea. and Mrs. Edwin Talcott, Conn.; E.O. Taylor, +Mass.; Rev. Geo. A. Tewksbury, Mass.; J.C. Thorn, R.I.; Rev. L. +Thompson, Mass.; Rev. John R. Thurston, Mass.; Rev. John E. Tuttle, +Mass.; Dea. Peter E. Vose, Me.: Mrs. Caroline L. Ward, Mass.; Rev. +William Hayes Ward, N.J.; Mrs. L.C. Warner, N.Y.; John H. Washburn, +N.Y.; John Watrous, Conn.; Rev. Albert Watson, N.H.; Mrs. Elizabeth H. +Watson, R.I.; Dea. Eben Webster, Mass.; Mrs. L.A. Weld, Conn.; Rev. +Isaac C. White, Mass.; Dea. Jonas White, Mass.; Edward A. Williams, +Conn.; Mrs. Mary H. Williams, Mass.; Miss S. Maria Williams, Conn.; +S.H. Williams, Mass.; Rev. Clarence H. Wilson, N.Y.; Mark H. Wood, +R.I.; Dea. Frank Wood, R.I.; George M. Woodward, Mass.; Mrs. George M. +Woodward, Mass.; Rev. Henry D. Woodworth, Mass.; Rev. Walter E.C. +Wright, Ky. + + +Visitors. + +H.T. Aborn, Mass.; Rev. E.W. Allen, Mass.; John G. Allen, Mass.; Miss +Mary E. Averill, Conn.; Miss Maria Bachellor, Mass.; Miss C.A.K. +Bancroft, Mass.; Miss A.B. Barrows, Conn.; Miss S.F. Batchelder, N.H.; +Mrs. Abby S. Bates, R.I.; John R. Beecroft, N.Y.; Rev. Howard Billman, +Conn.; Mrs. G.N. Bird, Mass.; Miss Clara B. Blackinton, Mass.; Rev. +Charles H. Bliss, Ill.; Mrs. H. P. Bliss, R.I.; Miss Rebecca Bliss, +R.I.; Mrs. George Booth, R.I.; E.P. Borden, Mass.; Mrs. S.C. Bourne, +Mass.; Mrs. E.P. Boynton, Mass.; A.G. Brewer, Mass.; Mr. and Mrs. Wm. +P. Buffum, R.I.; Miss R. Bullard, Mass.; Mrs. Charles F. Burgess, +Conn.; Mrs. E.H. Cady, Conn.; Miss Mary J. Capron, Mass.; Mr. and Mrs. +E.W. Cain, Mass.; Rev. J.H. Childs, Mass.; Miss Mary C. Collins, Dak.; +Mrs. A.B. Cook, R.I.; Miss Katie A. Craig, Mass.; Rev. A.W. Curtis, +Ala.; William L. Curtis, O.; Miss Anne Cushman, Mass.; Mrs. P.B. Davis, +Mass.; Mrs. O.L. Dean, Mass.; T.R. Dennison, Mass.; Edward W. +Doolittle, Neb.; Mrs. Charles Duncan, Mass.; Joseph R. Dunham, R.I.; +Miss Anna M. Dyer, Mass.; Miss S.S. Evans, Ala.; Mrs. Addison P. +Foster, Mass.; Mrs. A. Fearing, Mass.; Mrs. L.L. Ferris, R.I.; Rev. +J.L. Fowle, Mass.; Miss Emma R. Freeman, R.I.; P.H. Gardner, R.I.; Miss +Mary A. George, N.H.; Rev. Simeon Gilbert, Ill.; Joshua H. Given, Pa.; +Miss Charlotte L. Gleason, Mass.; Mrs. J.R. Goodale, R.I.; Mrs. C.L. +Greene, Mass.; Rev. David Gregg, Mass.; Mrs. M.F. Hardy, Mass.; Rev. +Elijah Harmon, Mass.; Dea. G.E. Herrick and wife, Mass.; Mrs. S.R. +Heywood, Mass.; George Wm. Hill, R.I.; Rev. H.R. Hoisington, Conn.; +Dea. E. Francis Holt, Mass.; Mrs. Henry T. Holt, N.Y.; Mrs. George M. +Howe, Me.; Miss B.A. Howe, Mass.; Mrs. W.P. Hubbard, Me.; Miss. A. +Hunt, Mass.; Rev. Henry S. Huntington, Me.; Mrs. H.M. Hurd, Mass.; O.M. +Hyde, Conn.; Rev. Frank E. Jenkins, N.Y.; Loring Johnson, Mass.; Mrs. +Samuel Johnson, N.Y.; Mrs. Charlotte Johnson, Mass.; Miss Olive M. +Johnson, Mass.; Miss Hannah N. Johnson, Mass.; Mrs. D.E. Jones, Conn.; +Mrs. Mary A. Jones, Mass.; Mrs. George S. Kemp, Mass.; Mrs. Jane Kerr, +Mass.; Rev. Evarts Kent, Ga.; Mrs. A.E. Kingman, Minn.; Mrs. A. +Kingsbury, Conn.; Chas. H. Leonard, M.D., R.I.; Rev. Edwin Leonard, +Conn.; Mr. and Mrs. Jas. M. Linsley, Conn.; E.C. Marsh, Maas.; Mr. and +Mrs. C.H. May, Mass.; Mrs. C.M. Merriam, Mass.; William Merrill, Mass.; +Miss Anna Metcalf, Mass.; Mrs. Ella S. Moore, D.C.; Miss E. Morrison, +Mass.; Mrs. P.H. Nichols, Mass.; Rev. and Mrs. A.F. Newton, Mass.; Mrs. +Henry B. Noyes, Conn.; Mrs. C.P. Paige, Mass.; Miss Sarah M. Paine, +R.I.; Mrs. C.M. Palmer, Mass.; Mrs. S.E. Parker, Mass.; Rev. R.M. +Peacock, Mass.; Mrs. Charles H. Peck, Conn.; Miss C.E. Perkins, Mass.; +Rev. George A. Perkins, Mass.; Miss Elizabeth B. Pierce, Mass.; Miss E. +Plimpton, Ga.; Miss M. Ella Porter, Conn.; Mrs. Daniel Potter, Mass.; +Harriett R. Pratt, Mass.; Mrs. Samuel A. Pratt, Mass.; Mrs. Maria B. +Prescott, Mass.; Mr. and Mrs. Richard W. Rice, Conn.; Mrs. Robert +Richmond, Mass.; Rev. Augustine Root, Mass.; I.H. Rowland, Conn.; Mrs. +M.M. Russegue, Mass.; Mrs. S.H. Ryder, Mass.; Mr. and Mrs. H.W. Sadd, +Conn.; Mrs. F.A. Sadd, Conn.; Mrs. G.S.F. Savage, Ill.; Mrs. C.W. +Shelton, Conn.; O.L. Slader, R.I.; Henry D. Smith, Conn.; Rev. Stephen +Smith, Mass.; Eliza Smith, Mass.; Albert K. Smiley, N.Y.; Miss M.W. +Staples, Mass.; Miss Angelina Stebbins, Mass.; Mrs. E.P. Stetson, +Mass.; Rev. Edward G. Stone, N.H.; H.A. Street, Conn.; Mr. and Mrs. +William Swift, Conn.; Rev. C. Terry, Mass.; Rev. G.H. Tilton, Mass.; +Miss C.E. Warren, Mass.; Tyler Waters, Mass.; Mrs. Eben Webster, Mass.; +D.W. Whittlesey, Conn.; Mrs. C.R. Wilcox, R.I.; Mrs. Randale, Mass.; +Mrs. Winslow, Mass.; Miss C.L. Wood, Mass.; Charles P. Wood, Mass.; +Rev. F.G. Woodworth, Miss. + + +The Nominating Committee was appointed as follows: Rev. James G. Vose, +D.D., of Massachusetts; Rev. S.L. Blake, D.D., of Connecticut; Hon. +Franklin Fairbanks, of Vermont; Rev. Henry J. Patrick, of +Massachusetts; C.L. Mead, Esq., of New York. + +The Treasurer, H.W. Hubbard, Esq., presented his annual report, with +schedules and the certificates of the auditors, which was accepted and +referred to the Committee on Finance. + +Rev. James G. Vose, D.D., of Providence, made an address of welcome, +which was responded to by the President. + +The Survey of the Field by the Executive Committee was read by +Secretary A.F. Beard, D.D., and was accepted, and the parts were +referred to the special committees to be appointed. + +The Association, led by Secretary Strieby, united in a concert of +prayer with workers in the field. + +The Nominating Committee reported the following committees, which were +appointed: + +Committee on Business.--Rev. M. McG. Dana, D.D., of Massachusetts; +E.B. Monroe, Esq., of Connecticut; Rev. F.F. Emerson, D.D., of Rhode +Island; Rev. P.B. Davis, of Massachusetts; Rev. John Barstow, of +Massachusetts. + +Committee on Finance.--A.L. Williston, Esq., of Massachusetts; L.C. +Warner, M.D., of New York; Roland Mather, Esq., of Connecticut; S.S. +Marples, Esq., of New York; F.W. Carpenter, Esq., of Rhode Island. + +Committee of Arrangements.--Rev. J.H. McIlvaine, D.D., of Rhode +Island; G.E. Luther, Esq., of Rhode Island; John McAuslan, Esq., of +Rhode Island; J. G. Parkhurst, Esq., of Rhode Island; Asa Lyman, Esq., +of Rhode Island; Z. Williams, Esq., of Rhode Island. + +Benediction by the President. + + +TUESDAY EVENING. + +The meeting was called to order at 7,30 P.M. It was voted that the +programme as printed be adopted. The devotional exercises were +conducted by Rev. James L. Hill, of Massachusetts. + +The annual sermon was preached by Rev. Arthur Little, D.D., of +Illinois; from Isaiah vi: 1-8. + +The sermon was followed by the administration of the Lord's Supper. The +following named persons officiated at the service; Ministers:--Rev. +Robert W. Wallace, of Massachusetts, and Rev. George F.S. Savage, D.D., +of Illinois; Deacons:--McAuslan, Pabodie, Olney, Spicer, Barrows and +Fuller of Rhode Island, Hubbard of Maine, and Fairbanks of Vermont. + +At the close of the Communion, adjournment was taken to Wednesday at 9 +A.M. + + +WEDNESDAY MORNING. + +The prayer-meeting from 8 to 9 o'clock, was led by Rev. Rowland B. +Howard, of Massachusetts. At 9 o'clock the Association was called to +order by the President, who conducted the devotional exercises. + +The records of the previous day were read and approved, + +A paper, on "American Freedmen and African Evangelization," was read by +Secretary M.E. Strieby, D.D. + +A paper, on "The Hopefulness of Indian Missions as Seen in the Light of +History," was read by Secretary A.F. Beard, D.D. + +Voted that the papers read by the Secretaries be referred to the +appropriate committees. + +The Nominating Committee reported the following special committees who +were appointed: + +Committee on the Chinese.--Rev. S. Gilbert, D.D., of Illinois; Rev. +M.M.G. Dana. D.D., of Massachusetts; Rev. Geo. A. Tewksbury, of +Massachusetts; Rev. F.L. Ferguson, of Connecticut; Rev. R.W. Wallace, +of Massachusetts. + +Committee on the Indians.--S.B. Capen, Esq., of Massachusetts; Rev. +A.P. Foster, D.D., of Massachusetts; Rev. John L. Ewell, of +Massachusetts, Rev. John E. Tuttle, of Massachusetts. + +Committee on Educational Work.--Rev. Llewellyn Pratt, D.D., of +Connecticut; Rev. Julian M. Sturtevant, D.D., of Ohio; Rev. George E. +Hall, of New Hampshire; H.D. Smith, Esq., of Connecticut; Stephen +Ballard, Esq., of New York. + +A Memorial Service for Rev. James Powell, D.D., late Secretary of the +Association, was held. Addresses were made by Rev. Simeon Gilbert, +D.D., of Illinois, Rev. Geo. H. Ide, D.D., of Wisconsin; Secretary M.E. +Strieby, D.D., and President Wm. M. Taylor, D.D. Rev. A.P. Foster, +D.D., of Massachusetts, led in prayer. + +The report of the Committee on Chinese Work, Rev. Simeon Gilbert, D.D., +Chairman, was presented, and an address was delivered by Rev. M. McG. +Dana, D.D., of Massachusetts. + +An address on "The relations of the A.M.A. to Young People," was +delivered by Rev. J.L. Hill, of Massachusetts. + +Recess was taken to 2 P.M. + + +WEDNESDAY AFTERNOON. + +The Association was called to order at 2 P.M. by the President. Rev. P.W. +Lyman, of Massachusetts, offered prayer. + +A Paper on "Systematic Spending," was read by District Secretary C.J. +Ryder. + +A report and address on the Indian Work, were made by S.B. Capen, Esq., +of Massachusetts. Addresses were also made by Rev. A.P. Foster, D.D., of +Massachusetts, and by Rev. C.W. Shelton, Financial Secretary for Indian +Missions. + +The Nominating Committee nominated the following special committees, who +were appointed: + +Committee on Mountain Work.--Rev. G.S. Burroughs, D.D., of +Massachusetts; Rev. C.B. Riggs, of Tennessee; J.R. Gilmore, Esq., of +Connecticut; Rev. Morton Dexter, of Massachusetts; Chas. Coffin, Esq., +of Massachusetts. + +Committee on Church Work.--Rev. David Gregg, D.D., of Massachusetts, +Rev, Stephen M. Newman, D.D., of the District of Columbia; Rev. Wm. +Hayes Ward, D.D., of New Jersey; Frank Wood, Esq., of Massachusetts; +R.L. Day, Esq., of Ohio. + +The Committee on Educational Work reported, and addresses were +delivered in connection with the report, by the Chairman, Rev. +Llewellyn Pratt, D.D., of Connecticut, and by Rev. Julian M. +Sturtevant, D.D., of Ohio. + +An address on "The Church and the Color Line," was delivered by Rev. +James Brand, D.D., of Ohio. + +Benediction by the President, and recess taken to 7:30 P.M. + + +WEDNESDAY EVENING. + +The Association was called to order by the President, and Rev. George +A. Tewksbury, D.D., of Massachusetts, offered prayer. + +An address was delivered by Mr. Joshua Given, an Indian theological +student, giving the story of his own life; by Rev. Joseph E. Smith, of +Tennessee, on "The Evils of Caste to the Colored Race"; by Rev. B.A. +Imes, of Tennessee, on "The Evils of Secret Societies to the Colored +Race"; by Rev, J.R. McLean of Texas, on "The Evils of Intemperance to +the Colored Race." + +Adjourned to Thursday morning, at 9 o'clock. + + +THURSDAY MORNING. + +The Prayer Meeting from 8 to 9 o'clock was led by Rev. James L. Fowle, +Missionary of the American Board. + +The Association was called to order at 9 o'clock, and led in prayer by +Rev. Wm. H. Ward, D.D., of New Jersey. + +The Rev. J.H. Ross, Assistant Recording Secretary, being called away, +Rev. Frank E. Jenkins was appointed. + +The minutes of Wednesday were read and approved. + +A paper on "Our Indebtedness to the Negro During the War," was read by +District Secretary J.E. Roy, D.D., of Chicago. + +Rev. George S. Burroughs, D.D., of Massachusetts, presented the report +of the Committee on Mountain Work, following it with an address; Rev. +C.B. Riggs of Tennessee, and James R. Gilmore of Connecticut, also +addressed the Association on the same subject. + +Committees were appointed--on Secretary Strieby's paper, Wolcott +Calkins, D.D., and Rev. O.S. Dean, of Massachusetts, and Hon. A.C. +Barstow of Rhode Island; and on Secretary Beard's paper, Rev. Morton +Dexter, Frank Wood, Esq., and Rev. John E. Tuttle, all of +Massachusetts. + +Rev. Arthur Little, D.D., of Illinois, invited the Association to hold +its next Annual Meeting with the New England Church in Chicago. The +invitation was accepted by the President in behalf of the Executive +Committee. + +The report of the Committee on Church Work, and an address, were made +by Rev. David Gregg, D.D., of Massachusetts. + +Rev. Wm. Hayne Leavell, of Mississippi, made an address on "The Present +Necessities of the Negro." + +Recess was taken until 2 P.M. + + +THURSDAY AFTERNOON. + +The Association was called to order by Rev. D.O. Mears, D.D., a +Vice-president, and prayer was offered by Rev. P.B. Davis, of +Massachusetts. + +L.C. Warner, M.D., of New York, presented the report of the Finance +Committee. + +Secretary Strieby then made the announcement of the gift to the +Association of the largest donation ever made to a benevolent society +by a living donor, $1,000,894.25, from Mr. Daniel Hand, of Guilford, +Ct. Further statements were made by John H. Washburn, Esq., Chairman of +the Executive Committee; and by Rev. D.O. Mears, D.D. + +The doxology was sung, and the following resolution was offered by +Samuel Holmes, Esq., Chairman of the Finance Committee, and was adopted +by a rising vote. + + _Resolved._--That we recognize the goodness of Almighty God in + putting it into the heart of Mr. Daniel Hand to make the + munificent gift of more than one million dollars for the + education of the colored youth of the South, to be expended under + the direction of the American Missionary Association. + + We rejoice in the flood of beneficent influence which will flow + through all the years from this noble source. + + We gratefully accept the trust put upon us, promising to use it + as a stimulus for increased activity on the part of the Christian + Church, and we offer our prayer to the Divine Father, that he may + abundantly bless the remaining years of our honored friend with + the grace of His Spirit and the joy that follows the + accomplishment of the desires of a heart burdened with the love + of our suffering and ignorant fellow men. + +Prayer was offered by Rev. Thomas A. Emerson, of Clinton, Conn. + +The Association then adjourned to the chapel. + +The Nominating Committee reported the following list of officers for the +ensuing year, and they were unanimously elected. + + +President, REV. WM. M. TAYLOR, D.D., LL.D., N.Y. + + +Vice-Presidents: + +REV. A.J.F. BEHRENDS, D.D., N.Y. +REV. ALEX. MCKENZIE, D.D., Mass. +REV. F.A. NOBLE, D.D., Ill. +REV. D.O. MEARS, D.D., Mass. +REV. HENRY HOPKINS, D.D., Mo. + + +Corresponding Secretaries. + +REV. M.E. STRIEBY, D.D., 56 Reade Street, N.Y. +REV. A.F. BEARD, D.D., 56 Reade Street, N.Y. + + +Recording Secretary: + +Rev. M.E. STRIEBY, D.D., 56 Reade Street, N.Y. + + +Treasurer: + +H.W. HUBBARD, Esq., 56 Reade Street, N.Y. + + +Auditors: + +PETER McCARTEE, +CHAS. P. PEIRECE. + + +Executive Committee. + +For Three Years. + +J.E. RANKIN, +J.W. COOPER, +EDMUND L. CHAMPLIN, +WM. H. WARD, +JOHN H. WASHBURN, + + +For Two Years.--CHARLES A. HULL. + + +The report of the Committee on Secretary Strieby's paper was presented +by Rev. W. Calkins, D.D., of Massachusetts, and adopted. + +The report of the Committee on Secretary Beard's paper was presented by +Rev. Morton Dexter, of Massachusetts, and adopted. + +Recess was then taken to 7.30 P.M. + + +THURSDAY EVENING. + +The Association was called to order at 7:30 P.M., and prayer was +offered by Rev. Thomas Laurie, D.D., of Providence. + +The minutes for the day were read and approved, and the Secretary was +authorized to complete them at the close of this service and to publish +them under the direction of the Executive Committee. + +Rev. David O. Mears, D.D., of Massachusetts, addressed the Association, +and was followed by Rev. A.J.F. Behrends, D.D., of New York, and the +closing address was made by the President. + +The following vote of thanks was unanimously passed after appropriate +remarks by District Secretary C.J. Ryder. + + We approach the conclusion of this Annual Convention of the + American Missionary Association with grateful hearts for all + the way by which God has led it from the day when it crossed the + brook with its staff of testimony to this time of extended + influence and usefulness, with humble rejoicing both in the + intellectual and spiritual fellowship of this meeting, and also + with a special sense of responsibility under the burden of + obligation which God has placed upon us by this unprecedented + enlargement of our stewardship. We wish to express our devout + thanksgiving for the grace of hospitality which has been + bestowed in such abounding measure upon the churches of Christ + and the good people of this city of Providence, with whose name + in its divine significance we are to associate this peculiarly + impressive anniversary. + + We recall the delightful welcome which greeted us at the + opening of these services, only to be impressed with the + assurance that this Union Congregational Society and the other + churches of the city were not at all forgetful to "entertain + strangers." Their love indeed, made us at once to feel at home + in their households, and in the midst of their delightful + families. + + _Resolved_, That to the local committees, especially the + indefatigable Secretary, to the pastors of all the churches, + to the choir and leaders of the services of song in the house + of the Lord, to the local and metropolitan press for its + generous reporting of these meetings to the large congregation + outside by its multiform and winged processes, and to the lines + of transportation which have made us the recipients of their + courtesy, we express our great indebtedness with sincere thanks. + + And so, in behalf of the members, officers and missionaries and + friends of this great Association, we say once more: We thank + you for your generous entertainment and crave for you the + recompense for such ministering in the name of our Divine + Master. + +Rev. J.H. McIlvaine, D.D., of Providence, pastor of the church, +responded. + +The Doxology was then sung, and, after the benediction by the +President, the Association adjourned. + + HENRY A. HAZEN, Secretary. + + FRANK E. JENKINS, Ass't Secretary. + + * * * * * + +SUMMARY OF TREASURER'S REPORT. + +EXPENDITURES. + + +THE SOUTH. + +For Church and Educational Work, Land, + Buildings, etc. ...$226,345.95 + + +THE CHINESE. + +For Superintendent, Teachers, Rent, etc. ...8,920.90 + + +THE INDIANS. + +For Church and Educational Work, Buildings, etc. + ...48,967.08 + + +FOREIGN MISSIONS. + +For Superintendent, Missionaries, etc., for + Mendi Mission, income paid to the Society of + the United Brethren in Christ ...4,746.68 +For Support of Aged Missionary, Jamaica, W.I. ...250.00 + + +PUBLICATIONS + +For American Missionary, (23,400 monthly), + Annual Reports, Clerk Hire, Postage, etc. ...6,511.21 + + +AGENCIES + +NEW YORK.--Corresponding Secretary, Traveling + Expenses, Circulars, etc. ...2,543.93 +NEW YORK.--Woman's Bureau, Secretary, + Traveling Expenses, Circulars, etc. ...1,350.75 +FOR EASTERN DISTRICT.--District Secretary, + Clerk Hire, Traveling Expenses, Printing, + Rent, Postage, Stationery, etc. ...4,845.68 +FOR WESTERN DISTRICT.--District Secretary, + Agent, Clerk Hire, Traveling Expenses, etc. ...5,999.02 + + +ADMINISTRATION. + +For Corresponding Secretaries, Treasurer and + Clerk Hire ...11,720.00 + + +MISCELLANEOUS. + +For Rent, Care of Rooms, Furniture, Repairs, Fuel + and Light, Books and Stationery, Rent of Safe + Deposit Box, Clerk Hire, Postage, Traveling + Expenses, Expressage, Telegrams, etc. ...4,985.84 +Annual Meeting ...770.28 +Wills and Estates ...171.82 +Annuity Account ...630.94 +Amounts refunded, sent to Treasurer by mistake ...28.35 + ----------- + $328,788.43 + =========== + +RECEIPTS. + + Balance on hand September 30, 1887 2,193.80 +From Churches, Sabbath Schools, Missionary + Societies and Individuals ...$202,266.76 +Estates and Legacies ...47,636.20 +Income, Sundry Funds ...10,936.46 +Tuition and Public Funds ...33,180.86 +Rents ...496.40 +United States Government for Subsistence for + Indians ...18,186.74 +Slater Fund ...8,300.00 + ----------- + $320,953.42 + ----------- + 323,147.22 + Debt Balance September 30, 1888 5,641.21 + ----------- + 328,788.43 + =========== + + +ENDOWMENT FUNDS. + +Estate of Rev. Benjamin Foltz, late of Rockford, + Ill., in part ...$500.00 +Howard Carter, of Baldwinsville, N.Y., for + Education of Students for the Ministry ...500.00 + --------- 1,000.00 + + * * * * * + +The receipts of Berea College, Hampton Normal and + Agricultural Institute, and Atlanta University, + are added below, as presenting at one view the + contributions for the general work in which the + Association is engaged: + +American Missionary Association ...$320,953.42 +Endowment Funds ...1,000.00 + ------------- $321,953.42 +Berea College ...13,908.30 +Hampton N. and A. Institute ...70,379.44 +Atlanta University, (not acknowledged in + above account) ...7,955.00 + ----------- + Grand Total, $414,196.16 + =========== + + H.W. HUBBARD, Treasurer, + 59 Reade Street, New York. + + * * * * * + +REPORTS OF COMMITTEES. + + * * * * * + +REPORT ON EDUCATIONAL WORK. + +BY REV. LEWELLYN PRATT, D.D., CHAIRMAN. + +The report of the Educational Work of this Association shows steady +advance, in spite of straitened means. New responsibilities have been +assumed in consequence of gifts of school buildings, and of the +appeals from the people themselves, taxing--beyond the receipts from +the churches--the resources of the Association. + +An important feature of the Educational Work is represented in the +twenty Normal Schools, from which have gone out seven thousand young +men and women now engaged in teaching at the South. It is probable +that nearly half a million of scholars have been under their care. +These, together with the Normal Departments in our chartered +institutions, Talladega College, Atlanta University, Straight +University, Tillotson Institute, Tougaloo University and Fisk +University, (with Hampton Institute, Berea College and Howard +University, formerly under the care of the Association) are doing a +great work in training teachers, as well as leaders in industrial +pursuits and in the professions of the law and the ministry. + +In all these, the fact, now so generally received in mission work, is +fully recognized, that the leaders and teachers of a people must be +found among themselves. They have abundantly proved their eagerness +for education, their capacity for scholarship and leadership, and +their ability to meet the problems resting upon the future of their +race and of the nation. This is true, also, of the schools among the +Indians and the Chinese. + +Still, the work done by the Society and by all other agencies--State +and denominational--has not kept pace with the growth of population, +and official statistics in some portions of the South show that the +percentage of illiteracy is steadily increasing. In Louisiana, for +instance, in the last eight years--_i.e._, from 1880 to 1888--the +number of illiterate voters increased from 102,933 to 126,938, +changing the relative percentage from 52.3 per cent. who could read +and write, and 47.7 per cent. who could not read and write--in +1880--to 49.2 per cent. who can read and write and 50.8 per cent. who +cannot read and write in 1888. During that period, of the new white +voters a majority were illiterate (7.502 : 7.609); of the new negro +voters ten out of eleven were illiterate (1.588 : 16.387). Facts such +as these call for great enlargement in the direction of common school +education, and the number of teachers; make imperative demands upon +State Governments; and lead many to appeal to the National Government +for relief. They certainly justify the efforts of this Association +and necessitate a great increase of the yearly contributions from +churches and individuals. Measures should be taken to supplant the +notion that by moderate annual contributions to ordinary schools for +a few years the great task can be accomplished of lifting up a race +that had been held in bondage for centuries, that started in its +career of freedom in absolute destitution and that pursues its course +here under many disabilities; and preparing liberators, missionaries, +guides and saviours for the Dark Continent. + +At the same time, it is the belief of your committee that the +pressing need of the hour is the fuller development of the leading +institutions already established and larger equipment for the arduous +work set before the American people in our Southern States. For this +end, steps should be taken towards securing their permanent +endowment. While in every way the general work of reaching the masses +and saving them from their illiteracy is to be pressed, the time has +come to place these leading schools upon a firmer foundation and to +make them more conspicuous as centres. For this they need to be amply +endowed and maintained with steadily advancing educational courses, +suited to giving those who are to become the leaders of a great +people a broad and comprehensive education, abreast with the best in +the times in which they are to do their work. + +It is time to take comprehensive views and to plan for years to come. +Neither this generation nor the next is to see the end of the special +work to be done to fit the freedmen successfully to meet the +conditions of their freedom. It has required centuries to qualify the +Anglo-Saxon people for freedom; and we must expect that generation +after generation will pass, even with the benefits of our +experiments, experience and methods, before this people, upon whom +the duties of free men have been thrust, can successfully discharge +them. There is call for great patience, for far-reaching plans, for +large beneficence. This question of the training of these eight +millions of people is one of the most difficult set before the +American people, and is worthy of the best thought of statesmen, +patriots, philanthropists and Christians. + +For our encouragement is the ardor of the people themselves; their +readiness to receive an education; their position in a republic now +far advanced; the progress already made; the growing interest in the +States where they are most numerous to provide for them the means of +a common school education; the army of teachers already in the field. + +Believing in a wise Providence over-ruling the present and the +future, we regard the problems before us, though great, not insoluble +to faithful, wise and patient Christian effort along the lines upon +which this Association has wrought. + +We commend the wisdom and the foresight of this Association in the +planting of these institutions of learning in favorable positions, +its judicious economy in their management and its great skill in +steadily advancing their scope and capability with insufficient +resources and equipment. Upon these foundations the work should be +carried on, and large and permanent universities should be reared; +and we commend these to the Christian people for increased annual +gifts and larger permanent endowments that the great undertaking fail +not. + + * * * * * + +REPORT ON CHURCH WORK. + +BY REV. DAVID GREGG, D.D., CHAIRMAN. + +The report of your Executive Committee on church work submitted for +our review is very brief. There is a statement or two and a few +figures. It puts things in the very best light, and uses figures in +the most telling way. Its very brevity should act as a call to the +churches for more means, and more men, and more prayer, and more +enterprise. If the churches had done more there would have been more +to tabulate. + +The report reads: Four new churches organized; 972 added to Christian +fellowship; 2 church edifices built; 1 church edifice enlarged; 2 +parsonages built; a one-year-old church the centre of four +Sunday-schools filled with scholars who never before attended +religious instruction, and ten churches blessed with a revival of +religion. + +Four new churches organized! Only four? And yet the territory +awaiting churches holds twelve States, and each State is an empire. +Only four? And yet the darkest spot in the republic is crying for the +light of the Gospel. Only four? And yet three-fourths of the +illiteracy of the whole nation must be grappled with. Four new +churches versus ten millions of immortal souls! What are these among +so many? This is the question which the report of the American +Missionary Association for 1888 sends through the length and breadth +of American Congregationalism. + +To keep us in cheer the Executive Committee puts these facts by the +side of the four new churches: + +First--"In each school" (and there are seventy-six schools) "we have +an incipient church." This predicts a golden future. "Each school is +a torch of Christ in a dark place." This means advancing +illumination. + +Second--There are one hundred and thirty-two old churches fully +organized and completely vitalized. All of these are centred at +strategic points. + +Third--There is a living army of 8,452 adults, and of 17,114 children +carrying the banner of the Lord. These give themselves, and give +their substance, to the cause of Christ, and to the good of their +fellowmen, in a way worthy of emulation. + +Fourth--These churches and this army are under, and are led by +pastors who are for the most part the children of this Association. +This means thorough equipment, and discipline, and effectiveness, and +aggressive work. + +When we look at what has been done in the line of church work in our +vast field, and compare it with our limited resources, we are +satisfied and speak the praises of the noble men and women in the +field and in the office. We have garnered fruit grandly +proportionated to the planting. But when we look at the work which +has been done and contrast it with what remains to be done, we are +far from being satisfied. Instinctively we are impelled to repeat the +call of the prophet in the hearing of the Church of Christ: "Arise, +shine, for thy light has come, and the glory of the Lord is risen +upon thee." Proportioning the means used to the products reaped, we +look forward with hope, expecting a future that shall correspond with +the promises of God. The statistics in this department of the +Association's labors may look like "Holy Trifles;" and comparatively +they are "Holy Trifles;" but so is the "handful of corn" in the +Messianic psalm, which depicts the future growth of Christendom. The +things tabulated in these statistics are the "handful of corn" in our +Southland, but as we contemplate them, we may use the old, old song +of the church and sing ourselves into an ecstasy: "There shall be an +handful of corn in the earth upon the top of the mountains; the fruit +thereof shall shake like the cedars on Lebanon; and they of the city +shall flourish like the grass of the earth. His name shall endure for +ever; his name shall be continued as long as the sun; and men shall +be blessed in him and all nations shall call him blessed. Blessed be +the Lord God, the God of Israel, who only doeth wondrous things. And +blessed be his glorious name forever; and let the whole earth be +filled with his glory. Amen and amen." + + * * * * * + +REPORT ON MOUNTAIN WORK. + +BY REV. G.S. BURROUGHS, CHAIRMAN. + +Your committee, to whom those portions of the General Survey relating +to the work of the Association among the mountain whites has been +referred, are strongly convinced that this work is one of great and +growing importance. We rejoice in the evidence that such is also the +conviction of the management of the Association. + +The territory occupied by these mountain people, consisting of +between three and four hundred counties, covers an area twice the +size of New England. Its population is equal to that of New England, +excepting Massachusetts. Its resources, in mineral deposits and in +valuable timber, are varied and rich. It is being rapidly opened up +to trade, and thus indirectly to civilization. Its inhabitants are +ready to welcome outside influences, and they are in large degree +susceptible of those that are good. These facts, we believe, cannot +receive too careful attention. + +We are deeply impressed with the great destitution of these people as +regards intellectual, moral and spiritual things. Poor in the extreme +as far as their physical wants are concerned, they are still poorer +in reference to the wants of their minds and souls. So great is their +poverty in these particulars, that, in large measure, they do not, +until approached in Christian kindness, realize it. They are without +education, and without true religion; without schools and without +churches. Practically, they do not know the Sabbath; they are in +utter want and ignorance of those ordinary means of grace which are +as familiar to us as the sunshine and the rain. The violence and +social confusion which are to be expected under these circumstances +are prevalent. + +Your committee rejoice that the day of small things, in our work in +this field, is already becoming the day of larger things, with a wide +outlook into a permanent and brighter future. In two normal schools, +two academies, five common schools and twenty churches the few loaves +and fishes seem to be at hand. "But what are they among so many?" We +are grateful for the enlargement which the past year has disclosed, +for the new church and school building, find the rapidly advancing +dormitory and boarding hall at Pleasant Hill, Tenn., and for the +slightly increased accommodations in the Grand View Normal Institute, +but we see clearly that enlargement only necessitates greater +enlargement. The meagreness of the supply renders the destitution +more manifest. The little which has been done, and well done, only +gives louder voice to the demand _to do_. + +One of the most encouraging features of the work, and one which we +believe should be particularly emphasized, is the possibility of its +comparatively speedy self-support, if it be pushed forward rapidly. +It is a work which must be done to-day, and it can be done because +these people, even in their poverty, will do their part. This is +abundantly shown, not only by their disposition regarding it, but +also by their deeds in its behalf. + +The influence of the work among the mountain whites upon the general +Southern work of the Association should be carefully recognized. Here +is a vantage point which can be carried, and which must be carried +for the success of our great campaign in the South. To neglect this +present duty is to be culpable regarding the future of the +Association's activity. Problems of caste and questions bound up with +them, can, at least in part, be settled in this field. Those needed +concrete illustrations, which will tend most powerfully toward their +general settlement, can here be furnished. We do not believe that the +conquest of the West is of more importance to our Home Mission work +than is the conquest of these Southern highlands to that of the +A.M.A. It is our opinion, therefore, that there should be in this +department steady and rapid advance, and that it should no longer be +tided along. + +We fear that the facts regarding the peculiar character of this +mountain work are not sufficiently known, and that its bearing upon +the general work of the Association is not adequately realized. + +We feel that a special examination of this field may wisely be +commended to those who would devise liberal things with a view to +special gifts for institutions of learning. The church and the +school, the missionary and the teacher must go together into this +territory. Who will place a Christian college among the mountain +whites? + +We give thanks for the spared life of a trusty and consecrated worker +in this field. With the earnest prayer for means to send and employ +them, let there be joined the petition for many workers possessed of +a like spirit of earnestness and fidelity. + + * * * * * + +REPORT ON INDIAN WORK. + +BY S.B. CAPEN, ESQ., CHAIRMAN. + +It is not the intention of your committee to spend more than a moment +of the time allotted to it in speaking of the details of the work of +this Association among the Indian tribes. + +It is a pleasure to note in the Executive Committee's report that it +is in the fullest sympathy with the increased and increasing interest +in the solution of our Indian problem. It has more scholars under its +care than ever before, and is steadily increasing its buildings and +its facilities for doing its work. The four new stations provided for +at the Northfield gathering call especially for our gratitude. But +why enlarge upon these particulars? + +The work of this Association has been spread before the Christian +world in so many reports that all know of its great success. Its +preachers and teachers, who have given their lives to this work with +such courage and devotion, are also known, and it only needs to be +said in a word, that the year that has closed and whose review is now +being taken, has been one of great blessing and power. We approve of +what it has done and we commend it for the future without reserve. + +We would rather occupy our time, if we may, in looking at this whole +Indian question, hoping that we may arouse a more universal interest, +and cause, thereby, to flow into the treasury of this Society the +funds which shall enable it to enlarge and broaden its work and +hasten the complete Christianizing of our Indian tribes. + +For let it be said while I have your freshest attention, that it is +the religion of the Lord Jesus Christ, and not education or +civilization, that is to solve this problem; and all I have to say is +to lead up to this thought. Wherever modern civilization without +religion has touched the barbarian it has been to curse him. + +The blood of every American ought to tingle at the thought of the +foul stain upon our national honor because of the treatment the +Indian has received. + +General Sherman has told us that we have made more than one thousand +treaties with him, but the United States Government has never kept +one of these treaties, if there was anything to be made by breaking +it; and the Indian has never broken one, unless he has first had an +excuse in some cruel wrong from the white man. No wonder that the +Sioux have hesitated to sign their treaty. Do you not blush at one of +the reasons for this hesitation? Because they doubt whether we can be +trusted. This boasted American Republic is to them a nation of liars. + +I am glad to speak for these men who have been, so cruelly wronged. +Here before we had any rights, they have been steadily driven back +before our civilization as it has advanced from the Atlantic and +Pacific shores. While our ears have ever been open to the cry of +distress the world over, the silent Indian moan has passed, too often +unheeded. We have made him a prisoner upon the reservation, and when +we have wanted his land we have taken it and put him on some we did +not want just then. His appeal, when in suffering and distress, has +been stifled by those who can make the most money out of him as he +is; and if hungry and in desperation he leaves his reservation, we +shoot him. We have put him in the control of an agent, whose +authority is as absolute as the Czar's. We have kept from him the +motive to be different and he has been literally a man without a +country and without a hope. Multitudes of people say, "Oh, yes, the +Indian has been wronged," but it makes very little impression upon +them. It is much the same feeling that the worldly man has who +acknowledges, in a general way, that he is a sinner, but it does not +touch him sufficiently to lead him to act. Will you bear with me in +giving some facts, with the hope that all may feel that this is not a +merely sentimental, indefinite sort of a subject for philanthropists +and "cranks," and a few women, but one in which each of us has some +personal responsibility. He is your brother and mine, in need, and we +owe him a duty. Some years ago Bishop Whipple went to Washington +pleading in vain for the Indians in Minnesota. After some days' delay +the Secretary of War said to a friend, "What does the Bishop want? If +he comes to tell us that our Indian system is a sink of iniquity, +tell him we all know it. Tell him also--and this is why I recall this +fact, more true than when it was first spoken--tell him also that the +United States never cures a wrong until the people demand it; and +when the hearts of the people are reached the Indian will be saved." +Then let us try to arouse the people to demand it. + +And I beg you to notice, that the wrongs are not of the past, but of +the present. Those who say otherwise have either not examined the +facts or else they are deceived. While there has been much progress +made since General Grant's administration, the machinery of our +Indian affairs in its last analysis seems to be largely yet a scheme +to plunder the Indian at every point. Its mechanism is so complicated +that there are comparatively few who understand the wrong, and these +seem almost powerless. While there are many men in the Government +employ of the best intentions, there is always a "wicked partner" who +contrives, somehow, to rob the Indian. + +He is wronged: (1) In his person. Let me illustrate. Go with me to +Nebraska. An Indian, upon one of our reservations, injured his knee +slightly. There was a physician who was paid a good salary by the +Government, but when asked to visit this man he refused to go. The +poor sufferer grew worse and worse, till the limb became rotten and +decayed: his cries could be heard far and near in the still air, yet +the physician heeded not. A friend was asked to take a hatchet and +chop off the limb. In agony he died, the physician never having once +visited him. That was a brother of yours in America. A short time +ago, in Southern California, lived an Indian in comfort, upon a lot +of ten acres upon which he had paid taxes for years. The land about +him was sold, but no mention was made of his lot, as his lawyers told +him it was not necessary and the purchasers promised he should never +be disturbed. Within a few months, however, a suit was brought for +his ejectment, and in the midst of the rainy season, this old man of +80, his wife and another woman of nearly the same age, were put out +of their home. They were thrust with great cruelty into a wagon, left +by the roadside without shelter and without any food, except parched +corn, for eight days. The wife died of pneumonia, and the old man is +a homeless wanderer. Why this cruelty? Because there was a spring of +water on his land which the white man wanted. This was in America. + +2. In his property. Let me illustrate again. In North Dakota one of +the tribes asked that they might have some barns. The request was +granted: the lumber, valued at $3,000, was bought in Minneapolis, and +the freight charges, which ought to be about $1,500, were $23,000. A +little clerk in Washington that belongs to the "ring" "fixed it" in +this way. + +In the Indian Territory an Indian worked hard all summer, and in the +fall carried his grain to market, delivered it to an elevator, and +than the owner turned around and refused to pay him, and the poor man +had to go home without one cent. It was the worst kind of robbery. If +that man had been a German, or Swede, or a howling Anarchist of any +nation under the heavens, we would have protected him, but an Indian +has no rights in America. + +A man who has been the private clerk of one of our highest Government +officials was appointed an Indian Agent. The Indians on that +reservation were having their lumber taken from them at a price much +less than its value, and notwithstanding their protests, it went on, +the Agent refusing to listen. They complained then at Washington, and +the Government appointed one of the most corrupt of men as an +inspector. When he visited the reservation he asked for the witnesses +at once. They asked for a reasonable time to get them together. This +was refused and they asked for two days, and when this was denied +they asked for one. In their dilemma and haste they got one Indian +near-by to testify. The Agent himself broke down this man's +testimony, because he had been at fault two or three years before, in +a way which did not affect, in the slightest degree, his statement +now, and the inspector at once returned to Washington and decided +against the Indians! It was a fraud and a farce. + +3. In the helpless condition in which we have left him, he has a new +wrong now, because when he votes he is of political importance. If +you will read "Lend A Hand," you will find an illustration where the +Indians in North Carolina had become citizens and had votes, and +because those votes were cast against the powers that be, they were +willing to go all lengths, even to closing the schools, in order to +accomplish their purposes. + +And this is to be more and more a vital question, as more and more +they are becoming citizens. We talk about "dirty politics!" Is it not +a proper name, when, in order to get votes, schools are to be closed +and children left in ignorance? + +4. There is no earnestness of purpose in a majority of the Government +officials to protect him from wrong. To show exactly what I mean; +recently, in Southern California a lot of land grabbers took from the +Indians their land. When private individuals ascertained the facts, +complaint was made and an order was issued for their removal. The +time fixed was March 1st. On July 1st inquiry was made, and the agent +said the order had been carried out. But individual examination +showed the settlers to be there still, and five saloons open in +defiance of law. + +In a similar way recently, the representative of one of our +philanthropic societies had arrested an agent who had committed a +crime. It was so clear a case that he was found guilty at once. Let +us hear this travesty of justice. The law required a fine and +imprisonment both. The fine was placed by the Judge at twenty-five +cents, which the Judge paid himself. The term of the imprisonment he +made one day, and told the Sheriff to allow the jail, in this case, +to be the agent's own comfortable home. Shall we be obliged to +constitute Law and Order Leagues to see that the laws of the United +States are executed? + +This is the awful background as the starting point for this +discussion. Some people question whether or not there is a personal +devil. If any man would study the Indian question he would be +convinced there was not one only, but a whole legion of them. + +But, friends, so long as these are facts, there is an Indian +question, and there is going to be one until these things are +settled. There is nothing ever settled in this world till it is +settled right. In the progress that has been made in opening up the +possibility to the Indian, of civil rights, we may be inclined to +relax our efforts in his behalf. The passage of the Dawes Land in +Severalty Bill was, indeed, a great day for the Indian. It opens the +door by which he can have a home on land of his own and become a +citizen, with all the privileges thereof. Here, at last, is solid +ground upon which he can stand. But we must not forget that that bill +is but the commencement of what is needed. He is but a child with new +rights truly, but in his ignorance he does not know what they are. He +is surrounded by enemies as before. While he has the law and the +courts, the nearest Judge may be one hundred to three hundred miles +away. He must be brought more under the care of the judiciary. + +The Indian Bureau, as at present constituted, cannot do for him what +he needs. This is a part of the political machine, and its appointees +are selected because they have done good service as ward politicians. +It has been well said that such a Bureau is no more fitted to lead +these people aright than Pharaoh was to lead the Israelites out of +their house of bondage. + +To show how even some good men fail to comprehend the situation is +evidenced by the proposed "Morgan Bill," which in its practical +working would give the Indian Agent--already a despot--even more +power than before. By that bill he is made chief Judge, with two +Indians as associate Judges; and the agent is given power to select +the jurors when a jury is demanded. What a travesty of justice, to +make the present agent a judge and give him power to select the jury. +With such a bill the friend of the Indian may well say: Oh Lord, how +long! We must demand that all Indians, whether on the reservations or +not, shall be given full protection of righteous laws, and that the +tyrannical methods of the past shall forever cease. + +But, with the solid ground of the Dawes bill beneath, and the further +protection of the judiciary certain to be given at no distant day, he +needs, more than all else besides, the Christian school and the +Christian church. He now has "Land." If we are earnest and persistent +he will soon have "Law." But, most of all, does he need "Light," and +that light which is from above. All the laws we may enact the next +hundred years will not change the character of a single Indian. To a +considerable extent he is a superstitious pagan still. He needs Jesus +Christ. He needs to learn the Fatherhood of God and the brotherhood +of man. As it is a part of the Indian man's religious belief that his +god does not want him to work and he will be punished if he does, it +is especially necessary to touch his religious nature first. When he +accepts the Christian's God, then he will be ready to go to work for +himself. The taking up of the hoe and the spade is his first +confession of faith. What has already been accomplished through the +new laws giving him his civil rights, puts an added responsibility +upon the church. It is the Indian's last chance. Our further neglect +is his certain death. Shall we leave him with his "Land and Law" +without God? Do we realize that we have lived with these original +owners of our soil for more than two and one-half centuries, and yet, +today, there are sixty tribes who have no knowledge of Jesus the +Christ? Shall we allow longer such a stain? I know well the pressure +of various claims in religious work at home and abroad, but in the +light of what has been said, is not the duty of Christianizing the +Indians a debt of honor, a "preferred claim," which should take +precedence over others? In this way only can we partially atone for +our "century of dishonor." + +The history of the past few months, and the famous order with regard +to the use of the vernacular, ought to arouse the church to new +efforts. The probable instigators of it are known to friends of the +Indian, and it shows the necessity of increased activity on our part. +The order was despotism itself, and would have done credit to a +Russian Czar. It was a blow aimed at the Indian's highest religious +interests, and the President of the United States, instead of +explaining and translating it, should have recalled it as an act +unworthy of Christian civilization in the nineteenth century. +Everything is still done to hamper the Protestant missionary work. +The A.M.A. has a theological school, and the Government allows (?) it +to teach a theological class; but, when the students are chosen and +ready to come, the Government agents prohibit their coming. We have a +young man who has been waiting for a year for a permit from +Washington. The same obstructive policy meets us when we try to get +pupils under the Government school contracts. And even after we have +obtained the order from the Government to procure the pupils from a +given agency, the Government will, at the same time, instruct the +Agent to let no pupils go till the Government schools are full. In +this way the Christian Indian parent has taken from him the right to +send his child where he desires, for the Government stops his rations +and annuities if he refuses to send to the Government school. The +vote recently passed at the General Association of Congregational +Churches in South Dakota ought to be taken up and echoed through the +land, protesting against the assumption, by the Administration, of +the right to control our missionary operations, dictating what pupils +may attend our schools, or what language may be used in them. + +In conclusion, let us gird ourselves anew for the struggle that is +before us, to fight the enemies of Protestant Christianity, +entrenched as they are in our Government, the Indian ring, the cattle +kings, the land grabbers and the thousands whose selfish interest it +is to keep the Indian ignorant. This is no holiday affair; it means +earnest, determined work. We must give the Indian the Gospel of the +Son of God as his only safeguard for the life that now is as well as +that which is to come. Civilization, education alone can never lift +the Indian to his true position. You may take a rough block of marble +and chisel it never so skillfully into some matchless human form, and +it is marble still, cold and lifeless. Take the rude Indian and +educate him, and he is still an Indian. He must be quickened by the +breath of the Almighty before he will live. It is religion alone +which can lead him to the truest manhood, which will quicken his +slumbering intellectual faculties and prevent him from being an easy +prey to the selfishness and sinfulness of men. Let us support this +society in its grand work, by our money, our sympathy and our +prayers. Let us join in the fight, and by-and-by we will share in the +triumph. Dr. Strieby, you can remember just before this society was +formed, that it was a disgrace to be an abolitionist. It is a glory +now. The day is not far distant, yea, its light is already breaking +in the western sky, when it will be considered equally glorious to +have helped save our Indian brother, by leading him back again to +God. And while we are doing it, and as a means to this end, we must +try to get this Indian ring by the throat and strangle its life. It +has lived long enough on the blood of the Indian; let it die, and we +will never say "the Lord have mercy on its soul," for it has none. If +you have never been interested in the matter before, begin to-day; if +you have never helped before, help now. Get in somewhere, get in +quick, get in all over; do not stand around the edges looking on and +criticising others; be sure you get your pocket book open, and send +the Treasurer of the Association double what you did last year; do +something, do anything. We have been playing at missions long enough. +With our great wealth it is a disgrace that this work was not +completed long ago. With an aroused and awakened Church the whole +problem will be solved, for there will be no more Indians, but only +brothers and sisters in Christ Jesus. + + Let us fear nothing, God is with us and we shall triumph. + "Truth forever on the scaffold, wrong forever on the throne, + Yet that scaffold sways the future, and behind the dim unknown + Standeth God within the shadow, keeping watch above his own." + + * * * * * + +REPORT ON CHINESE WORK. + +BY REV. SIMEON GILBERT, D.D., CHAIRMAN. + +1. Is it worth while to attempt Christian missions among the Chinese +in our own country? + +2. If so, of how much importance is it? + +3. Who should do it? + +4. If anything is to be done by us, how much should be done? + +5. And is there any case of urgency about it? + +To the first question we answer: Yes, verily! It is worth while. +There is no form of Christian missions within the circuits of the +earth more worthy of being done, and of being done with all possible +alacrity and vigor, than this. The American Missionary Association is +exactly the Society to do it. It is the glory of this Society to +hasten to the rescue of the despised and the exceptional races and +classes in our own land. It has already done grand things toward the +evangelization of the Chinese among us. It has set an example, most +conspicuous in the eyes of all the people, of definitely planning to +make known to this peculiar people the Gospel of Redemption; a Gospel +whose supreme peculiarity it is, that it is fitted to meet the inmost +necessities of all men, of all men alike. + +The success in winning the disciples of Confucius to the cross and +the grace of Christ has been signal enough to show how completely +practicable the undertaking is. + +If it were not worth while to press our missionary effort among the +Chinese right here in America, it would be absurd to talk of +missionary effort among the Chinese in China. The importance of this +work cannot be measured by its bulk. Nor is it to be estimated by any +census of countable immediate results. It is a kind of work, which, +according as it is done, or left undone; or as it is done with slack +and nerveless hand or with vim and vigor, will test the very +character of our churches; will touch the conscience and well-being +of the nation; and will, without a doubt, have vital and decisive +connection with the future of that most populous empire on the globe. + +There is China, with its four hundred million souls, subject to a +single sovereign--a heathen empire. Here is America, Christian +America; the foremost republic among the nations, and soon to be the +leading power among the Governments of the earth. It holds already +the position of moral leadership in the far East. What shall be done +with this leadership? Right here in our midst are some two hundred +thousand representatives of that empire, every one of whom with +hardly an exception hopes some time to return to his native Orient. +What will the Christianity of America do for them? + +There is an unmistakable providence of God in the presence, in the +country, at such a time as this, of so many representatives of the +great empire. Such providences are to be reverently heeded. They are +as the banners of the Almighty, meant to lead forth His loyal people +to the gracious conquest of the world. As for ourselves, what are we +disposed to do about it? + +This conquest of the world for Christ is not to be achieved by +hap-hazard dashes. There is need of transcendent wisdom in the +strategic methods of the campaign. We have not wisdom enough for this +except as we have the wisdom to note which way the manifest hand of +God is pointing for us. Then is the time for assurance, for +obedience, and for enthusiasm in the fullest meaning of the term. + +A few thousand Chinamen are here. The Chinese Empire is open to +us--and more too! To doubt the practicability of the Christianization +of the Chinese would be treason to the Gospel of Christ; would be +blindness to the facts of Christian history, as well as to the +foreshadowings of prophecy. + +The success already in this department of the work of the American +Missionary Association has been signal enough to amount to a +demonstration. If suitably reinforced and pushed it might presently +be made vastly greater than it has as yet been. + +It is the glory of this Society to do precisely this kind of work. +All its history and traditions, all the confidences and affection of +the people in our churches toward it, favor the most resolute pushing +forward of what has been undertaken. + +The reactionary effect of this peculiar form of home-foreign mission +work upon the Christian character and culture of our own people is of +importance; of too much importance for it to be either safe or wise +for us to neglect it. Suppose this work were to be neglected, this +duty ignored, this clear providential summons slighted, what a +mockery it would be of our professed zeal for foreign missions. The +spectacle of what the Society is doing for the Chinese, especially of +what it ought to have the power and the commission given it to do, is +fitted to be peculiarly impressive, as an object lesson, to the +nation. The radical character of a nation comes out in no other way +so distinctively, as in the way it treats its weakest and most +helpless subjects. + +A grand part of the good done by the American Missionary Association +has been in its influence, first on the conscience of the churches, +and then, through this, on the moral sense and the moral sentiments +of the nation itself. This has been the case as regards the nation's +treatment of the emancipated negroes. It was this Society which, so +promptly and gloriously, lifted up and bore aloft with something of a +divine intrepidity, God's own banner of human rights and the divine +sympathy. It is this Society which has done more than any other one +agency, to revolutionize and harmonize the national sentiment as +regards the rights of the Indian to civilization and to +Christianization. If now the churches of our country will hasten to +do their duty, as in sight of him who is Father of us all, towards +our Chinese neighbors, it will not be long before the National +Government will wake to its shame and wipe off the deep disgrace of +its recent demagogy and international perfidy. + +Moreover, a more complete mistake could not be made than to imagine +that the Imperial Government of China is unobservant, whatever the +seeming invincibility of its pride and exclusiveness. China is +neither blind nor insensible. Japan has awakened; China is wakening. +Its hour is at hand; the dust of ages is stirring. The Chinese wall +is vanishing. The Supreme Government of the four hundred millions of +the Empire is at length getting in touch with the other great and +advancing Powers of the world. And the startling sublime fact of the +new _world sociability_, if we will but see it, is giving tremendous +urgency to every possible means of originating, multiplying, +communicating, and sending on and around from nation to nation, the +forces of the world-redeeming Gospel of Jesus Christ. We, therefore, +are most earnestly agreed in the conviction that, not only is the +noble work of missions among the Chinese in our country, now being +done by this Society, of inestimable value, but that it ought by all +means to be greatly and immediately enlarged and re-enforced. + +That great missionary, St. Paul, once said--and he may have often +said it--that he gloried in his own infirmities; adding that the +power of Christ might rest on him. This is our glory--if we have any. +Here is this American Missionary Association; and over against it, +face to face, is China. What proportion is there between the two? How +preposterous, one may say, the thought which we are trying to frame +into actual purpose for the regeneration of this enormous part of the +human family? Most true. And yet, along with Paul's thought, how +infinitely inspiring this purpose should be. Just the thing for us to +do is to "build better than we know." It is not our eye, but His, +which sees the end from the beginning. And it is his +providence--sometimes as a pillar of fire, sometimes as a pillar of +cloud--which shows us the way. Then it is for us to follow close up. + +When some fifteen years ago, that slender, forlorn-seeming Japanese +lad landed in Boston, with the strange, vague, resistless, +heaven-enkindled longing in his heart; what if there had been no +kindly hand to grasp his own, no heart to discern and respond to his? +How easily might young Neesima have been lost, and the fateful turn +in the destiny of Japan at the moment of its supreme opportunity for +regeneration been vastly, disastrously different! What Chinese +Neesimas to-day God's eye may have under His gracious watch and +merciful leading, we cannot know beforehand; but this is certain, +that we know enough to know that we do well to walk softly all the +day long as seeing things invisible, and that with these thousands of +Chinese among us, walking so noiselessly, so observantly in and out +beneath the very tree of life that grows beside the river of life +clear as crystal, and which proceeds direct from the throne of the +Lamb, there are doubtless God's hidden ones, whose lives, if we will +do our part; shall yet be woven in as shining and mighty threads into +the divine plan wider than any nation, larger than the world, sure +and strong as the word of Him who, at the first, said, "Let there be +light," and there was light. + + * * * * * + +REPORT OF FINANCE COMMITTEE. + +BY DR. L.C. WARNER, CHAIRMAN. + +Your Committee have made a careful examination of the books and +reports of the Treasurer, with special reference to the methods of +keeping the various accounts, the security of the invested funds and +the economy and prudence of the expenditures. + +We find the system of bookkeeping as thorough and complete as that of +any business concern. Each item of receipts or expense appears in its +proper place, where it can be found without delay. The different +departments of the work are classified and separated so that a broad +and comprehensive knowledge of the work is always before the officers +and Executive Committee. All payments are made by checks, and each +check requires the signature of two officers of the Association; thus +reducing to a minimum the chances of error or loss in the +disbursement of the funds. At the end of each quarter the +disbursements of the Association are carefully examined by the +Auditors, two responsible business men, who go over and verify the +accounts item by item. The Treasurer and other officers of the +Association are to be especially commended for the thorough and +business-like methods which prevail in the conduct of their business. + +The invested funds of the Association amount to $230,375.78, yielding +an income last year of $10,936.46. These funds are chiefly invested +in mortgages in the city and State of New York and in Government +bonds. In view of the forgeries of real estate mortgages recently +discovered in New York City, the mortgages of the Association in New +York and Brooklyn have, at the request of the attorney of the +Association, been personally examined by a member of the Finance +Committee and all found to be valid and correct. An examination of +the schedule of securities held by the Association shows that there +is not a single poor investment among them, or one on which the +interest is in default. + +Besides the invested funds the Association owns real estate in +various Southern States and in the Northwest to the value of +$600,274. This is the working plant of the Association. The +buildings, apparatus and fixtures upon this property are protected by +insurance. + +The expenditures of the Association during the past year have been +$328,788.43. This is an increase over the expenditure of last year. +The Association commenced the year with a balance of $2,193.80; it +closes the year with a debt of $5,641.20. It has therefore spent +$7,835.01 in excess of its receipts. This debt is to be greatly +regretted, for it should be the policy of the Association to plan its +work in accordance with the funds at its disposal. They are obliged, +however, to make their plans partly on faith, and it is not to be +expected that their faith will always exactly measure the benevolence +of the people. + +The increase in expenditure has been entirely in the work done upon +the field; the cost of agencies and administration being less this +year than last. This increase has been mostly in the Southern field, +and has been imperatively demanded by the natural growth of the work. +Very little new work has been undertaken, four new schools only being +added during the year; but the schools already organized have grown +in size and therefore in expense. Eleven hundred and twenty more +pupils are in attendance than one year ago, an increase of over 12 +per cent. This has required the employment of twenty additional +teachers. + +Friends of the Association have added new buildings at some of the +schools, and these new buildings, greatly needed and greatly +increasing the effectiveness of the schools, also bring increased +expense. The churches and schools of the Association are doing all +they can for their own support. The spirit of self-help is constantly +encouraged among them, but they are too poor to bear any considerable +part of the expense. + +The Association must therefore meet one of the three following +alternatives: First, the growth of its work must cease, and the +increasing number of pupils who apply to its schools year by year be +denied admittance; or second, some of the schools which have been +fostered by the Association for years must be abandoned, that funds +may be left to strengthen and develop the remainder; or third, the +churches and Christian givers of America must largely increase their +gifts to this Association to meet its increasing wants. + +The work of the Association for the coming year cannot be efficiently +carried on without increased appropriations; $300,000 is the smallest +amount which should be expended in the South, and a much larger +amount could be wisely used. The mountain work among the poor whites +is full of promise, and calls loudly for our aid, and the Association +only waits for the necessary funds to greatly enlarge its efforts in +this field. In addition to the Southern field, the Indian work +requires at least $60,000, and the Chinese work $15,000. This makes +the total amount needed by the Association next year $375,000. This +we believe to be a moderate and conservative estimate. + +This great work for the Negro, the Indian and the Chinese has been +laid upon the American Missionary Association, and upon our +denomination, as it has not been laid upon any other society or +denomination in this country. It is our duty, yea, rather, our great +opportunity. Shall we not then meet it as the stewards of God, whose +servants and disciples we are? + + * * * * * + +MEMORIAL SERVICE. + +ADDRESSES IN EULOGY OF THE LATE DR. JAMES POWELL. + +An interesting and impressive memorial service was that held in honor +of the loved and venerated Secretary, Dr. James Powell. Tender, +loving, graceful and eloquent eulogies upon his life and character +were pronounced by Rev. Dr. Gilbert, Rev. Dr. Ide, Secretary Strieby +and President Taylor, followed by an earnest prayer by Rev. Addison +P. Foster, Roxbury, Mass. + + +EULOGY BY REV. DR. GILBERT. + +It would be impossible for the officers and friends of this Society +to convene on this occasion and not feel profoundly the absence of +one whose presence for so many years has done so much to fill these +occasions with the spirit of welcome, of lofty animation, joyance, +cheer and renewed courage. + +Last Christmas the "sweet chariot" of God "swung low," and our +brother Powell was suddenly taken up from these great services here +to other and larger tasks and joys in the heavens. A life so radiant +and beneficent on earth, what must it be now that it has been +translated, and transfigured into the celestial? + +Among the richest inheritances of any people is that of the living +names and ever living influence of its noblest men and women. Even +though they have joined "the choir invisible," they still remain, a +possession and a power for all time. For there are no influences more +real, if any that are stronger, than the silent-working influence of +personal ideas; and whoever it is that helps to ennoble our ideal +conceptions of character, and to make these clearer and more vivid, +does us a vital service for which we may fitly be thankful, both to +God and to them. This American Missionary Association is already rich +in its "inheritance in the saints." + +It is no exaggeration to say, although it is very much to say, that +James Powell had come to be the most peculiarly and widely beloved +man in our denomination. That this was so was not owing to any one +quality, but must have been due to a singularly happy combination and +balance of qualities. Every one thought of him as a man having a +genius for popular eloquence. But he had also as truly unique gifts +and graces for personal friendship. Without a particle of cant, he +possessed profound religious faith and devotion. He walked with God +and had no gifts which were not consciously devoted to his service. +At the same time he was intensely human. He never affected to be +ethereal. He was a son of man, a child of nature. And he touched life +at many points. His sympathy was immensely more than mere pity. He +was instinctively, as well as religiously generous. Open hearted, +open minded, genuine to the core, quick, sensitive, responsive, +impulsive, enthusiastic; whatever he did, he did with a will and +noble zest. Happy in a certain "divine sense of victory and success," +he also delighted keenly in the successes of others; and there was +that about him which made every one wish him to succeed, expect him +to succeed, and apt to tell him so when he had done well. And yet he +was, to a singular degree, free from any promptings of personal +vanity. He had pride but was not proud; least of all was he +conceited. He never did poorly; he almost always did brilliantly; +there was not an indolent fibre in his being. He did well because he +exerted himself to do his best. He was happy in the power God gave +him, and accepted joyously the opportunities which others eagerly +offered him for doing the things that were in line with the main +purpose of his life. + +He had an exquisitely sure and alert sense of honor. He could not do +a mean thing. He won friends, and never lost any; because all felt +that he was not only so genuine and unselfish, so bright and full of +happy humor, so deep and exuberant in affection, but that he was so +perfectly to be trusted. No one knew better his own rights, or was +less wanting in any courage that might be needed to maintain them. He +was capable of high degrees of indignation, and his life work, +championing the rights of wronged and depressed classes and races, +furnished him with but too many occasions for holy anger. His soul +often burned with intensest indignation. When one night the people in +Quitman, Georgia, burned over their heads the seminary for colored +girls, or when the Georgia Legislature was enacting the infamy of the +Glenn Bill, his heart was hot as any Babylonian furnace, aflame with +indignation, as though touched with the divine wrath, the anger of +love. And yet not for a moment could one detect in him any spark of +bitterness or malice. + +But chilled now is that heart of flame; stilled now are the mighty +pulsations of that better than chivalric spirit, which up and down +the land, all over the East and the West, during those fourteen +years, did so much to _educate the churches_, and to remind the +country of the "kindness and love of God our Saviour, which hath +appeared toward man," and which ought with all possible celerity to +be manifested by men, by men of all races and of all classes, toward +one another, and to promote which this American Missionary +Association finds supremely its reason to be. + +The Society has had, has, and will have, other men in its service of +splendid personal characteristics and having peculiar fitness for the +signally providential parts assigned them in this great work, which +ought to fire the heart of every Christian in the land. One we have, +thank God, still among us, equally loved and revered, who has long +stood at the front in this mighty and benignant enterprise--may the +day be slow in coming when his great heart shall be missed from these +yearly councils! And still we may be sure that the resources neither +of our humanity nor of the grace of God are in any danger of being +exhausted. + +James Powell's Welsh blood was in his favor. His American boyhood and +training helped fit him for what was to come. That whispered word of +a Christian lady to a young man whose conversion, in turn, led to the +conversion of young Powell, proved to be a word of destiny. And his +experience abroad with the Jubilee Singers, in whose tones was voiced +the pathos of three silent centuries, had, also, not a little to do +in fitting him for the work God had in store for him. + +It is, therefore, easy to see how fortunate this society was in +having such a man for its personal representative; and, how fortunate +the churches also were in having the most characteristic spirit and +motive and aim of the cause he stood for so fittingly impersonated. +That fond mother of the famous English missionary who is reported to +have said, that "as for her son, the race of God could find but +little to do in him," did not speak for James Powell. God had given +him splendid gifts to begin with, but it was the grace of God in him +that first saved him from making shipwreck of those gifts, and then +taught him how to use them so exhaustively in his service. + +This Society represents above all things an educational enterprise. +It has many schools, chartered and unchartered, throughout the South +and West. We can never admire too much this far-reaching educational +undertaking. But, the Society is itself, in certain most fundamental +respects, the very "head-master" in the school of the churches, in +the school of the nation. And how beautifully, how superbly, how +effectively did this brother of ours shine and burn among the +churches of our land, as one commissioned of heaven to help teach us +the reality of meaning there is in this word of our Lord, how he +said, "Inasmuch as ye have done it unto one of the least of these my +brethren, ye have done it unto me." + +His memory we shall all, and always, affectionately cherish. For the +service which he rendered to the cause which we also love, we will be +devoutly thankful. If we have gotten any good from the life which he +lived before us, we can show it by the growing warmth and +completeness of our own enlistment in the same cause. Cries Mrs. +Browning at Cowper's grave: + + O Poets, from a maniac's tongue was poured the deathless singing; + O Christians, at your cross of hope a hopeless hand was clinging; + O men, this man in brotherhood your weary paths beguiling + Groaned inly while he taught you peace and died while ye were + smiling. + +But not in _that_ way was Powell the teacher of hope and of peace and +of joy to us. He showed the way of the cross and all the morning +light of hope, because he himself had found it! And how lustrous and +mighty and winning did his own way of life serve to make all this way +appear to be. + + O face, all radiant with light of love; + O eyes, so laughing in their tenderness. + So quick to read the language of distress; + O lips, so touched with flame as from above-- + +We have seen that sweet vision, and all the way before us shall be +the clearer, and we the stronger, because of it. And the sweet memory +of our brother shall remain to us. + + Like some clear large star, which pilgrims, + At their back leave, and see not always; + Yet wheresoever they list, may turn, + And with its glories gild their faces still! + +For himself, he has ascended to the mountains of myrrh and the hill +of frankincense, and has seen the day break and the shadows flee +away. But, brothers, let us cherish no such idle notion as though +James Powell had now forgotten, or has ceased to be interested in the +Chinaman, the Indian and the Negro, in America. + + +EULOGY BY REV. DR. IDE. + +If there is any special fitness in inviting me to speak on this +occasion, it lies in the fact that Dr. Powell was an intimate friend +of mine. Outside of the circle of my own home, there was no one with +whom I ever held such close and familiar relationship as with him. +Our acquaintance began in the early days of college life, when our +nation was in the throes of a civil war. We were not members of the +same class, but were brought together quite frequently through the +literary society to which we both belonged. During this period our +relations were simply cordial. Unconsciously the advice of that witty +old divine, Thomas Fuller, was being followed: "Let friendship creep +gently to a height; if it rush to it, it may soon run itself out of +breath." + +Dr. Powell graduated from Dartmouth College in the class of 1866, +while my graduation took place the previous year, in the class of +1865. My first year out of college was spent in teaching in my native +town. When the decision was reached of entering the Theological +Seminary, it was mutually agreed that we should go to Andover and +room together. From that time on our intimacy grew apace. We passed +three years together as chums; but that relation did not cease when +we separated and each went his own way to the field of labor where +the Lord had appointed. The last letter that I received from him, +(and I have been informed that it was the last letter that he ever +wrote, which reached me only the day before the despatch that +apprised me of his death), began in that same old familiar fashion, +"My dear Chum." I have thus made reference to matters somewhat +personal, that the standpoint from which I speak may be more clearly +understood. I have "summered and wintered him;" I have been permitted +to know him within and without; I have been with him in season and +out of season; I have studied with him; I have prayed with him; I +have loved him as a brother. + +It is more in accord with the promptings of my heart to speak a few +words suggested by intimacy and long acquaintance with Dr. Powell. +Many learned to respect and honor him through the abundance of his +labors in the broad field to which God in his providence called him +for service. But there is another side to that life, private, +personal, even more attractive and richly suggestive to those who +knew him best and were permitted to enjoy his friendship. + +Our brother did not possess the conventional qualities which +sometimes are associated with the "cloth." He was without that +endless gravity which could almost fittingly grace a pedestal. That +pious deacon who had not "snickered" for above forty years, would +have found his moral sensitiveness somewhat disturbed by the free, +untrammelled way in which he spoke and acted. There was no monotony +in his make-up. He was natural--natural as devoid of all cant and +affected airs. When you met him, you had not come upon some person +trumped for the occasion; it was Powell, the very man you wanted to +see. He could not be anything but himself. Genuineness and unaffected +simplicity were revealed in him, as in few others. He could be as +serious as a country judge; but he was serious because the matter was +in him, and it was the hour for seriousness. He could be as playful +as a child, but it was because the play was in him and it was time +for play. When our brother was pastor of the North Church, in +Newburyport, it was our custom to meet every Monday morning in +Boston. On one occasion, a brother-in-law of mine, a boy in his +teens, accompanied me to Boston, where we were to meet Mr. Powell. We +soon found ourselves tramping about the city on errands. Mr. Powell +was effervescing with fun. At such seasons, and they were very +frequent, he took great pleasure in making me the victim of his +frolicsomeness. On this occasion, I found that Mr. Powell had +enlisted the boy in the scheme of hiding away from me every chance +they could get. Passing through a crowd, I would look around and +discover that they had absconded; and then it devolved on me to hunt +them up, I never shall forget how this manoeuvering interested that +boy. He came up to me and whispered the first opportunity he had, "He +is the funniest minister that I ever saw in my life." That was his +first visit with Mr. Powell, but it was not the last. On that day an +attachment was formed which has lasted through all these years. A +little boy, four years old, in Oak Park, where Mr. Powell resided for +some time, was asked by his father, what he wanted to do when he got +to be a man, and answered: "Be a minister and go hunting like Mr. +Powell." He was a man for the boys. He touched a responsive chord in +their nature. He could enjoy what they enjoyed with as keen a relish +as they themselves. + +He was the very soul of friendship; he had a genius for it. The +friends that he made are only limited by the want of personal contact +with him. In the making of them it may be said "He came, he saw, he +conquered." How wide he opened his arms to receive us! There were no +partition walls to be levelled before we approached him. It required +no studied effort to get at him. The way was always clear; the door +was without a latch-string even; it was open. You never had to ask, +Is Mr. Powell in a proper mood to see his friends to-day? Why, it was +worth a journey of fifty miles just to meet that man and receive a +grasp of his hand! I remember going to a depot in Chicago to meet him +as he came in on the train. As soon as he singled me out from the +crowd, he rushed towards me, exclaiming in his bantering way: "Well, +well, well, this is the first sensible thing I ever knew you to do, +come on old fellow;" and he grasped my arm and hurried me away, +saying, "I am just glad to see you." When it is said, that he is the +"best beloved of all," is it not because he first loved us? The +generosity and friendliness of his soul captured our hearts. I +imagine that many thousands of dollars were poured into the treasury +of the A.M.A. evoked by the love kindled in hearts for our brother. +Men came to love the cause through him who loved them. + +Mr. Powell was a man of enthusiasm; he worked at white heat. The +logic of his whole life seemed to be, "What I do I must do quickly." +He could not stop; he must hurry on. He could pass easily from one +thing to another. In all the years of my acquaintance with him I +never knew him to rest as other people rest. If his body was not +active his mind was. The river of his life had no sluggish intervals; +it was a torrent from first to last. His step was a bound; his +thought rushed in its movement. He could write a sermon in less time +than any other man in the seminary, so far as I know. Plans came to +him like an inspiration and were unfolded with a rapidity that seemed +to me wonderful. His scholarship was not technical. He always enjoyed +the larger sweep of things. He would have been the last man to devote +his life to the Greek preterite, and to question whether it would not +have been better to have confined himself to the dative case! Such +minutiae of erudition might be fascinating to others; it was not for +him. His large-heartedness, his sympathy, his wealthy and generous +spirit could not be condensed into a bookworm, or a recluse. They +rather equipped him to become a watchman, that he might declare what +he saw. He needed the whole Republic to range up and down in. His +ringing words might be heard on our Western frontier; but before +their echoes had scarcely died away, their wakening notes might be +taken up and reiterated on our New England coast. He was a voice +crying in the land. Like the Great Master, he was sent to "heal the +broken-hearted, to preach deliverance to the captives, to set at +liberty them that are bruised." It was the down-trodden races for +which he lived. Such a candle of the Lord would burn down to its +socket before the day was half spent. Such hot haste and burning zeal +must consume to ashes before the meridian is turned. + +Oftentimes have I thought of our brother in connection with a remark +once made by Rufus Choate. Mr. Choate was an over-worked man, and in +his later years, the tension under which he was laboring was quite +apparent. He was met by a friend on the street one morning who +reminded him of his careworn appearance. Said his friend, "Your +labors are too unremitting, and what is worse, you are endangering +your constitution." "Ah!" said Mr. Choate, "my constitution was gone +long ago; I am living on the by-laws now." In the last years of his +life, it seemed to me that our brother was living on the by-laws of +his constitution. + +He was aware that but a brittle thread kept his earthly moorings; but +this did not deter him; he must work while the day lasted; for the +night cometh when no man can work. While the vital spark remained, he +would not, indeed we may say, he could not stay his hand. And so in +the midst of his years God took him. + +What a privilege to have walked with him in the fellowship of love, +and to have enjoyed the richness and fullness of his friendship! What +springs of tenderness in his nature ready to gush forth to refresh +and quicken the tendrils of a drooping heart. How the sorrows of +others found echo and response in his own soul. The grim messenger +death once entered my own home, and made all a desert and a +desolation. I never can forget the letter that I received from our +brother at that time. What melting tenderness and sympathy were +expressed in it! He was smitten and afflicted; he was wounded and +bruised for my sake. It was as if he was the stricken one and not +myself. But I could not account, however, at the moment, for the +blotted and blurred appearance of the writing. But it was all +explained in a postscript. "Please excuse the writing. I could not +keep the tears back; they fell so thick and fast as nearly to destroy +the legibility of my letter." How can we help loving such a man? He +took up the sorrows of others and made them his own; aye more, he +took up the woes of a race and made them his own. When did the +colored man have a better and more faithful friend than he? Who was +more completely and absolutely identified with his interests than he? +Burn down the colored man's school house through the malign influence +of caste feeling, and you had kindled in his soul the fires of an +indignation which quite eclipsed the original conflagration. + +I have been permitted to observe the advancement and development of +his faith. As the years carried him forward in his course, that faith +assumed stronger as well as more graceful and beautiful outlines. He +was not one who never had doubts or questionings. The difficulties of +belief as well as unbelief, were not unknown to him. But when he took +up the mighty task to which he consecrated his life, and was left to +grapple with illiteracy, superstition and the needs of a benighted +and down-trodden people, knotty questions in theology no longer vexed +him, for he recognized that there was but one all-sufficient solvent +for the dark problems which thrust themselves into the foreground, +and that was the redemptive power of the Gospel of Christ. Men may be +puzzled and perplexed concerning the theory of sunshine, but there +are no questionings on the subject that can override the practical +effect of the sun. The sun shines in spite of our metaphysics! Our +brother advanced into the practical aspects of faith, and had the +assurance that Christ was the light of the world, in spite of our +theories of inspiration. + +He had an unbounded faith in applied Christianity. There was nothing +it could not do in the way of recasting and uplifting the despised +peoples of the land. We had but to go forward in the name and power +of our great Leader to effect the national redemption. But I must not +detain you longer. He has gone out from us. His mission is ended +here. Those eloquent lips must remain forever sealed on earth. He +simply ceases to be seen of us. We follow his path of translation +with mingled tears and joy. The future life, whose place is beyond +the skies, was a matter of great concern to him. I recall the hour +when he returned to his room from a lecture on the immortality of the +soul. He was almost overcome by the discussion which was being +carried on in the class-room. He wanted the subject taken out of the +realm of probability, and brought to the test of certainty and +demonstration. "O, chum!" he exclaimed, "I wish I might die now; I +can hardly wait for the demonstration!" He did not wait long. The +bending heavens caught up his spirit, and he has gone into the holy +city through the beautiful gate which opens over all graves. + +"Thus saints, that seem to die in earth's rude strife, only win +double life; they have but left our weary ways to live in memory +here, in Heaven by love and praise." + + +EULOGY BY DR. STRIEBY. + +After what has been so eloquently and fittingly said I have very +great reluctance to appear before you to speak of Brother Powell. I +have on several occasions spoken of him, and it is only because I am +unwilling that the office and the office workers should not in some +way be recognized that I consent to say a few words to-day. + +What I have to say relates not so much to his public life as to our +office relations with him. It has been my sad duty to go to the +graves or speak at these meetings in reference to the death of all +the officers associated with me when I came into this work; Lewis +Tappan, George Whipple, S.S. Jocelyn, G.D. Pike--all of these I have +followed to the grave. There is this one difference between Brother +Powell's death and that of the others in our memory--all the others +had a long, wasting sickness; we remember the darkened room, the pale +face, the parched lips, the night vigils. But we have no such thought +in regard to Brother Powell's death. The morning after the holiday of +Christmas I came to the office not to hear the statement that Brother +Powell was very sick, but the astounding announcement "Brother Powell +is dead." This was indeed terrible; but the memory of Brother Powell +has not been darkened with the thought of sickness, but remains with +us just as he was in health and vigor. We still think of the quick +step with which he came into the office, the hearty cheer with which +he greeted us, the pleasant face that shone not only at the door, but +through the whole day. He was a busy worker, as has been said, but +ever and always the same bright face, the same cheerful heart, the +same warm love, the same readiness to help bear everybody's load, +went through the long day. If you have ever spent a day in the +mountains, with its breezy temperature, and yet with the sun filling +the whole blue heavens and shining on all things--water, mountain, +valley, tree and grass--if that day has left its memory of brightness +and sweetness in your heart, such is the memory left on us in the +office by Brother Powell. + +I must speak of his faithfulness as a worker. It has been referred to +in better language than I can give, but Brother Powell was +indefatigable; he knew no rest; when he toiled until the string +snapped he would go down into a sickness that lasted usually just six +days; then he would rise as quickly. This one instance will show how +he sacrificed himself. On one Sabbath he preached two or three times; +then on Monday he sank down in a six days' illness, but on the next +Sabbath morning he had agreed to preach in Mr. Beecher's church in +Brooklyn, and taking himself out of his bed, he did preach in that +church twice, and then sank down into another six days' illness. It +was in this way that the man burned out his life in the service. I +often urged him to rest, I urged his dear wife to persuade him to +rest, but I always had from him the assurance, "It is more wearisome +to spend the day in trying to rest than to work." He always worked at +a white heat or he was sick. + +Brother Powell was a consecrated man, and with this I shall close. +His eloquence was appreciated. He had calls to go elsewhere, to +greater fields with larger salary, to apparently greater popularity, +but these he always and unhesitatingly declined. He stayed with us, +and I believe that it was Brother Powell's sympathy with the Lord +Jesus Christ in those poor, degraded races that led him to say, I +will give my life to them and let the honors and emoluments of the +world go. Such was the man we loved and honored in our hearts. + + +EULOGY BY PRESIDENT TAYLOR. + +I knew Brother Powell, of whom the friends have spoken so +beautifully, touching our hearts so deeply. + +I was most impressed by two things in Brother Powell--his radiant +joyousness and his delightful humor, and the ease with which he could +make the transition from the telling of a funny story to the uttering +of a devout prayer, thus leading others with him up to the very steps +of the throne of grace. + +A while ago, in Scotland, there was an old Covenanter, William +Guthrie by name, who had a disposition very much like Brother +Powell's, full of joyousness and fun--let us call things by their +right names--and on one occasion a large number of brethren gathered +together in his manse, among whom was James Durham, better known as +the author of a book on Revelation, who was a popular minister in +Glasgow at the time. He was a very serious man, like the dog that +John Brown tells about, with a life so full of seriousness that there +wasn't anything of the joyous in his disposition, but on that day +Guthrie was bubbling over with fun, and while they were worshiping he +was called upon by a brother to pray, and he went just straight up to +the Hearer of prayer, and they were all moved to tears by his +devotion; and Durham said after they arose from their knees: +"William, I can't understand. If I had been as merry as you were a +little while ago, I could not have prayed for four and twenty hours;" +and Guthrie replied: "If I hadn't laughed so much I couldn't pray." + +My model is Paul. Hear what he says: "Rejoice in the Lord always, and +again, I say, rejoice. Let your moderation be know unto all men. The +Lord is at hand. Be careful for nothing, but in everything by prayer +and supplication, with thanksgiving let your requests be made know +unto God. And the peace of God, which passeth all understanding, +shall keep your hearts and minds through Christ Jesus." + +You see how near the joy follows the serious. + +The Lord knew that the Christian lives in the ray of sunshine of +Jesus, and we do dishonor to our Master, because we do not let our +joyousness speak for him. And I bless God that wherever James Powell +went he went with joy, the man he was. He did not keep it within. The +joy of his Lord was with him even on the day when men shall depart +because he is with them. + + * * * * * + +THE AMERICAN FREEDMEN AS FACTORS IN AFRICAN EVANGELIZATION. + +BY REV. M.E. STRIEBY, D.D. + +The presence of the Freedmen in America is an anomaly in the world's +history. European nations have gradually abolished serfdom, and the +master and the slave being of the same race, the line of separation +has soon broken down. In America, slavery is abolished, but the +master and ex-slave are as far apart as ever. America is a nation of +immigrants, mostly from Europe and Africa. The Europeans soon +assimilate, and only the tradition of the individual family tells of +the particular nation from which it came. But the African immigrants +are still, after nearly 300 years' residence in America, separated +from the white race by visible marks of color and features, and are +thus, at the same time, identified with the land of their fathers. + +Are not these facts suggestive? Does not the persistent race-identity +of these people, linking them still with Africa, suggest a duty they +may owe to it; and do not their vigorous intellects and warm +religious characteristics indicate that duty to be a high and sacred +one? + +On the other hand, Africa, the land of their fathers, is another +anomaly in the world's history. For a thousand years it was unknown +to the civilized world; its people are the most degraded upon earth, +and it is a shame and reproach to the church that it has done so +little to enlighten them,--yea, a double shame when, as is now well +known, Mohammedanism is spreading most rapidly over the whole +continent. + +These added facts emphasize the question already asked, Are not these +freed Negroes peculiarly fitted and providentially called to carry +the gospel to their fatherland? Is there not here a Divine purpose +that the church should be quick to see and prompt to carry out? As +the Hebrews were taken to Egypt, disciplined by bondage, and made +familiar with the arts of the most enlightened nation then on earth, +and were thus prepared for their high destiny in developing the plan +of salvation, so are not these children of Africa, chastened by their +severe bondage, brought into contact with the civilization of +America, and fitted by their ardent religious impulses, destined to +bear a large share in the work of Africa's evangelization? + +It is to the development of this thought that I invite attention. Let +me first revert to the slow progress of Christianity in Africa, +Christianity, soon after the apostolic age, made one of its brightest +triumphs in Northern Africa--in Egypt and Abyssinia. But ere long +that light went out there and never penetrated the great continent. +So far as is now known, darkness has ever hovered over it--ignorance, +superstition, degradation, cannibalism, slavery and war, have made +and perpetuated that darkness. + +But I wish now to call attention to the efforts of the church in +modern times to preach the gospel in Africa. There are now, so far as +I can ascertain, forty-one societies engaged in missionary work +there. The number of missionaries employed by them in Africa, foreign +and native, is 1,086. These have endured the malaria of the climate +and the dangers from hostile people, and some of them have shown the +most heroic spirit of self-sacrifice. They have been preceded by +others, who have laid down their lives in the work, and the living +stand on the graves of the dead, expecting soon to follow. A measure +of success has attended and rewarded this zeal, and a few favored +examples can be found of men who have long endured the climate and +have seen the good work grow upon their hands. But the results, as a +whole, have been discouraging. Christianity has found a precarious +footing along the shores of the continent while, as yet, in the vast +interior the missionaries are compelled to follow at a tardy pace the +footsteps of the explorers. Africa is yet unevangelized. + +The causes of this are not far to seek. The white missionaries from +Europe and America succumb under the fatal malaria, or are deterred +by the unreasoning and deadly hostility of the natives. The +missionaries are a foreign people, with different color, features and +habits. They are known to the natives as coming from nations that +have plundered and enslaved them. They come as a superior race, +unable to meet the natives on the basis of a common brotherhood. A +gulf yawns between them. The Christianization of Africa needs a new +impulse from some other quarter. + +On the other hand, and in sharp contrast with all this, is the rapid +progress of Mohammedanism in Africa. This progress has been noted by +the modern explorers, but has been recently brought more distinctly +to the attention of Europe and America. Dean R. Bosworth Smith, in +the _Nineteenth Century_ for December, 1887, thus states the extent +to which Mohammedanism covers Africa: "It is hardly too much to say +that one-half of the whole of Africa is already dominated by Islam, +while, of the remaining half, one-quarter is leavened, and another is +threatened, by it. Such is the amazing, the portentous problem which +Christianity and civilization have to face in Africa, and to which +neither of them seems as yet half awake." + +The causes of this rapid spread over Africa are easily discernible. +The Mohammedans, though they appeared at first as conquerors, became +at length Africans by their permanent residence on the soil, and they +went forth afterwards in propagating their faith, not as warriors, +but as fellow-citizens and brothers. They resembled the natives in +color, manners, and modes of thought, and readily assimilated with +them by marriage ties and the affinities of home life. Their converts +among the native races were even more naturally welcomed, as friends +and brothers. They, of course, found no difficulty with the climate, +for in it they were born. + +While we repudiate emphatically the idea that Mohammedanism can be a +substitute for Christianity in civilizing Africa, yet it is only just +that we should admit that Islam brings with it some influences for +good into that benighted land--influences that strongly appeal to the +higher instincts and aspirations of the people, and are, therefore, +an elevating power. First of all, the One True God of Islam tends to +lift the African above his idols, his fetich, his witchcraft and his +cannibalism. Then, the prohibition of wine and strong drink snatches +the people from what threatens to be the vortex of their +ruin--intemperance; while Christian nations are now, to their shame +and infamy, swelling the floods and increasing the velocity of that +vortex by larger importations of intoxicating liquors. Then, too, the +followers of Mohammed are using the school of the prophets in the +preparation of their missionaries. The great training school, the Old +University of Cairo, is said to number at times as many as ten +thousand students of the Koran, a number which may well challenge a +comparison with the Protestant Theological Seminaries of Europe and +America, not only by their numbers, but by the astonishing success of +their pupils as missionaries. They run where we halt, they win where +we fail. + +It is now in order to ask if the Freedmen of America can be fitted to +take a special part in the evangelization of Africa. There are strong +reasons for believing that they can be; they have race advantages +similar to the Mohammedans, and they can readily obtain the acquired +advantages of the white missionary. In the first place, they are +numerous--eight millions now, and increasing rapidly. In physical +proportions they are stalwart and vigorous, inured to toil and +capable of great exertion. Their mental powers are quick and +susceptible of wide culture. Their capacity to acquire learning, even +in the higher branches, has been abundantly proved in the schools +they have attended. + +The religious characteristics of the race are very marked; faith, +hope and love are leading traits. They endured a bondage that would +have crushed other races; their faith and hope never deserted them. +Their bitter experience in those long and weary years drove them to +God as their only source of help, and the "Slave Songs," with the sad +history out of which they grew, are among the most pathetic +utterances of patience, trust and triumphant hope that human +literature presents. So it was during the war, which was long and +sometimes of doubtful result, but they never lost their faith in +their ultimate deliverance. The Jew in his journey from bondage to +Canaan, often became despondent and murmured; the Negro never did +either. + +Hear the Jew: + +"Because there were no graves in Egypt, hast thou taken us to die in +the wilderness?" + +"Let us make a Captain and let us return into Egypt." + +Hear the Negro, in the Slave Songs: + + "Way over in the Egypt land, + You shall gain the victory. + Way over in the Egypt land, + You shall gain the day. + _March on_, and you shall gain the victory, + _March on_, and you shall gain the day." + +Such a people are surely destined to develop a rich and beautiful +Christian life. If they should be specially trained, and their warm +hearts inspired, for the work of missionaries to Africa, who can +doubt the success of their efforts? They would stand on a better +vantage ground there than the Mohammedan, for he is a foreigner +transplanted on the soil. They would come back to the home of their +fathers, and would meet the natives as brothers--long separated, yet +as brothers; their color and personal characteristics would attest +the kinship, their Christian love would kindle towards the degraded +of their race, and their holy ambition would be fired by the great +work to which they were called--the uplifting of the millions of +long-neglected Africa. It would be reasonable to expect that they +would endure the African climate better than the white man. They are +a tropical race, and, in America, they love and cling to the sunny +South, seldom migrating to the North; they do not suffer from the +malaria that is so fatal to the whites in the South. + +These views and impressions are confirmed by actual experience. With +a view of learning the results of that experience, I addressed +letters to the Secretaries of all the larger societies in Europe and +America doing missionary work on that continent, and, in due time, +received courteous replies from nearly all of them, giving opinions +and facts with more or less fulness of detail. My inquiries mainly +centered around two points: first, the ability of the colored +missionary as compared with the white, to endure the climate; and +secondly, his relative success as a missionary. The opinions given in +those letters, as might be expected, are various, and the facts +themselves, gathered from widely different sources, and relating to +very different climates and local circumstances, point to somewhat +different conclusions. + +The specific statements of these letters may be thus summed up: + +1. No society reports that the colored man is _less_ healthy than the +white; one or two societies discern as yet no special difference; but +the larger number say that he endures the climate much better than +the white man. + +2. On the second point--the comparative success of colored +missionaries--the testimony bears very decidedly, _as a rule_, and +_as yet_ against them; while a few and very favorable exceptions +indicate that the fault is with the individual and not with the race, +and hold out the hope that time and better training will remove the +difficulties. + +The more full account may be thus given: Some of the societies charge +a want of carefulness, perhaps a want of integrity against the +colored missionaries--that "colored treasurers will not render +accounts, teachers will not make reports, missionaries desire to +control, and they seldom are sufficiently respected, especially when +of younger age." Now, these are manifestly the vices and infirmities +of an immature and imperfectly cultured race. We must recollect that +centuries of civilization and Christian influences are behind +Europeans and Americans, while the native African, converted and +trained in his own land, has behind him only the few years of his own +life separating him from the densest degradation of heathenism; the +African born and converted in the West Indies has been a freedman +only since 1840; and the American Negro was perhaps himself a slave, +and his race had the shackles struck from their bodies only in 1863, +while the fetters of ignorance and vice still manacle the minds and +hearts of the mass. We ought not, therefore, so much to wonder at the +failure of the many, as to rejoice and take courage at the success of +the few, especially as there is a bright side to the dark picture, to +which I now take pleasure in turning your attention. + +There _have been_ some very successful colored missionaries in +Africa, whom the Christian world has known and honored, and the +letters I have received joyfully refer to them, and mention others +not yet widely known, but whose work attests their wisdom, piety and +usefulness. Thus one Secretary refers to a missionary, born a slave +in America and educated here, as "the most scholarly man in the whole +mission." Another society testifies, and our personal knowledge of +the man referred to confirms the testimony, to the remarkable success +of one of its colored missionaries as "a business manager, a preacher +and a teacher, showing himself fully equal to any emergency, and +remarkable in his influence with the heads of the tribes, and his +success in winning souls." The testimony in regard to two others of +its missionaries is almost equally emphatic. + +The Secretary of the Protestant Episcopal Church of America writes: +"All ordained men on our missionary staff in Africa, from the Bishop +down, are colored men. I think we have concluded that, all things +considered, except for the work of higher education, colored +missionaries are more available in that field than white." He refers +with gratification to the career of Bishop Ferguson, the only colored +man who has a seat in the American House of Bishops, who was born in +America, educated in the mission schools, and has risen through the +positions of teacher, deacon, priest and rector, until he was +consecrated the Bishop of Cape Palmas in 1885, and has worthily +filled all these positions. The Church Missionary Society of London +refers to the remarkable career of Bishop Crowther, who was born in +Africa, put on board a slave ship, rescued, and landed at Freetown, +educated in Sierra Leone and in England, and at length entered his +chosen field on the Niger, reduced the language of the people to +writing, and preached the gospel to them in their native tongue. In +1861, there were reported to be 1,500 converts as the result of his +labors. He received the degree of D.D., from Oxford, England, and was +consecrated in 1864 African Bishop of the Niger. This society also +mentions others, one as possessing "special educational and +linguistic powers;" another as a "pastor and evangelist with +remarkable power and spiritual influence;" another as "a practical +organizer and administrator;" another as "very successful in +educational work," and it adds: "Many others have also shown +considerable power as educationists, pastors and evangelists." + +From all these facts, the inferences are plain: + +1. That Negroes have succeeded in this work, and that those in +America can be prepared for it. They can endure the climate, find +ready access to the hearts of the people, and be eminently successful +in preaching the Gospel. They should have the best training for the +purpose, and great care should be exercised in selecting and sending +forth only those of good education, mature character, sound judgment +and unquestioned piety. + +2. America owes it as a debt to them and to Africa that they be +furnished with the means for this training. The guilt of man-stealing +and of slavery can have no better atonement than by sending back to +Africa the sons of those stolen from those benighted shores, who +shall bring with them the light and blessing of civilization and +Christianity. England, too, having had a share in introducing slavery +into America, should take its share in making this atonement. + +3. The colored people of America should be aroused to this +providential call to this high mission in behalf of their fatherland. +We do not question nor minify their great duty and destiny in +America. Their warm affections, their easily kindled zeal, their gift +of song and eloquence, will yet add an enriching pathos to our piety, +and a wider range to our patriotism. But this call to Africa, while +not interfering with duty here, will broaden their vision and deepen +their piety. There will be a grand uplift to them in grasping and +endeavoring to realize this great work. It will raise them above +petty ambitions, it will give a practical turn to their religious +enthusiasm, and bring them into closer sympathy with Jesus Christ. +They have been in fellowship with Him in suffering, they may now be +co-workers with Him in redemption. + +But Africa, so degraded! Why should her sons go back to her? The Scot +loves the hills and the glens whence his family came; the German +never forgets the Fatherland; but what is there to awaken the love of +the Negro for Africa? Gen. Garfield was born in a humble home, and +went thence as a canal driver, but when he became President of the +United States he did not despise that humble home, nor the mother +that bore him, lowly as both were, but at his inauguration he had his +mother placed in an honored seat on the platform, and his first act +after taking the oath of office was to step over, before that vast +assembly, and kiss that mother. + +American descendant of Africa! The home of your fathers is humble and +degraded, and you are elevated and refined. Show that you are really +great and Christlike by giving the redeeming kiss to Africa! + + * * * * * + +THE HOPEFULNESS OF INDIAN MISSIONS, AS SEEN IN THE LIGHT OF HISTORY. + +BY REV. A.F. BEARD, D.D. + +The contemplation of the past sometimes weakens the energies for +action in the present. But when the present is a consequence of the +past, we can scarcely do our work rightly if we neglect the lessons +of experience. + +The history of missions among our Indian tribes has lessons in it +which may be wisely heeded. + +When the first settlers of this country left their ships, which had +been freighted with the destinies of a continent, and faced the +perils of a wilderness, they met at the outset a strange people. No +one knew who they were, nor how many; they themselves did not know. +They had no history. They had become vain in their imaginations, and +their foolish heart was darkened. Ignorant as to the past, their +theory of the future was vague and shadowy. Their spirits would exist +after death. The heroic and brave and worthy would go to the happy +hunting-grounds, where would be pleasant climate and fair weather, +and where abundance would be exhaustless and satisfactions complete. +The unworthy would wander without in a state of misfortune and +restless discontent. For their religious ceremonies, a priesthood +existed, and those who composed this were devoted to it from their +childhood. The howling dervishes of Turkey and the pagan priests of +the South Sea Islands, may be compared with the pow-wows of the North +American Indians. + +It is impossible to estimate the number of this aboriginal +population. Doubtless the popular impression is an exaggerated one. +It would be safe to say that, all told, there were never at any one +period, more than half a million of these people, occupying the +present territory of the United States from ocean to ocean. They were +widely scattered, so that there were great stretches of forest and +prairie lying between the different tribes. + +There were many groups, distinct in their languages, which yet bore a +general resemblance to each other in construction, so that the +several tribes could at least easily learn to understand each other. +I think that the weight of authority is, that they belong to one +family of nations, and are derived from one stock, while they display +considerable diversities in language and customs. + +The motive of the early settlers of New England, which took +precedence over all others--as they declared--was "_a desire to +advance the gospel in these remote parts of the world, even if they +should be but stepping-stones to those who were to follow them_." +Finding these barbarous tribes here, the Pilgrim Fathers bartered +with them for peaceable possession, which they did not always secure. +As civilization encroached upon barbarism, the colonists kept their +homes often only by the defences of war. But peace was in the hearts +and purposes of the early settlers. + +As early as 1643, the Rev. John Eliot, who had been educated at the +University of Cambridge, England, and who had come to Boston, +Massachusetts, in 1630, wrote that he had "been through varieties of +intercourse with the Indians, and had many solemn discourses with all +sorts of nations of them." It was his theory that they were the +descendants of the lost tribes of Israel. He acquired their language. +It was an arduous undertaking, but he said "Prayer and pains through +faith in Christ Jesus will do anything." + +In 1660, he had visited all the Indians in the Massachusetts and +Plymouth Colonies, and preached the gospel to them, and the first +Indian church was then formed. + +In 1661, he had translated the New Testament into the Indian tongue, +and in 1663, the Old Testament. This Indian Bible was published at +Cambridge, and was the only Bible printed in America until a much +later period. Besides this, Eliot instituted schools, and induced +large numbers to give up their savage customs and habits, and to form +themselves into civilized communities. + +The zeal of Eliot quickened that of others, and in 1674, there was a +missionary circuit of 14 villages and 1,100 praying Indians. + +At this same date, through the sacrificial labors of Mr. Thomas +Mayhew and his son, there were 1,500 praying Indians in the Island of +Martha's Vineyard and vicinity. The next year came war--King Philip's +War. It meant extermination of the whites, or conquest of the red +men. Civilization was too strong to be resisted by barbarism, and +then began the long catalogue of organized Indian miseries. The +General Court ordered the removal of the conquered Indians, and they +were pushed away before the aggressive steps of a stronger race. In +1743, the Rev. David Brainerd was propagating missions among the +Indians with success in various places. Idolatrous sacrifices were +altogether abolished; many heathen customs lost their sanction, and +sincere converts were made whose pious lives and peaceful deaths +attested to the influence of the spirit of God in their hearts. + +At this period of history the Moravian Church began missions in +Pennsylvania among the Delawares. Christian Rauch soon won the +confidence of the savages and excited their astonishment. And +observing him asleep in his hut, an Indian said: "This man cannot be +a bad man, he fears no evil, he does not fear us who are so fierce, +but he sleeps in peace and puts his life in our hands." There was a +remarkable acknowledgment of this mission in converted souls. The +Moravian Missions in various sections of the country, from the early +date of 1740 until now, have been characterized by courage, activity, +humility and devotion. In the midst of these scenes of devastation +and murder, the Moravian missionaries have wandered in deserts, in +mountains, in dens and caves of the earth, never relinquishing their +purposes, and they have obtained a good report through faith. + +The American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions, which began +its existence in 1812, adopted measures in 1815 for carrying the +gospel to the Indians. One hundred thousand of these people, as +untamed as when the Pilgrims met them at Plymouth, as ignorant in +most respects, and as truly heathen as were their fathers centuries +before them, were then supposed to be living east of the Mississippi +River. The first mission was among the Creeks and Cherokees. Three +missionaries and their wives began the work. In character it was a +compound of mission boarding school and agricultural college. In +eighteen months, the Indian boys could read the Bible, and nearly a +score of them could write; five converted heathen were members of the +church. + +Next, in 1818, missions were begun among the Chickasaws and the +Choctaws. Here, also, the first work was that of the school. So eager +were the Choctaws for instruction, that eight children were brought +160 miles across the country before the missionaries were ready for +them, and in one year from that date the Choctaw Nation voted to +devote to the schools their entire annuity of _six thousand dollars_, +from the sale of their lands to the United States. + +The missionaries were subject to unceasing hindrances from renegade +whites, who are always on the borders of civilization, and have +usually been the enemies of missionaries. + +But among the Cherokees no year passed without conversions. Those who +appeared to the missionaries so wild and forbidding that they were +received with fear, came under the gospel power and were clothed and +in their right mind. In six years the Church had largely increased. +Indians traveled a score of miles to attend the services. As yet, +there was no Cherokee written language. This mission was eight years +old when the four gospels were translated into the Cherokee tongue, +and in three or four years more, one-half the nation could read. +There were now among the Cherokees and the Choctaws, eighteen +missionary stations. + +In 1826, the Board began work among eight other tribes in different +parts of the country. + +It next took charge of the Stockbridge tribe, whose ancestors had +enjoyed the ministry of the celebrated Dr. Jonathan Edwards. They +were originally in Massachusetts. They were pushed back hundreds of +miles to Central New York, then pushed further back hundreds of miles +to Indiana; then pushed still further back hundreds of miles to +Michigan, and finally pushed back once more and allowed to rest in +the remote West--in Minnesota. During all these cruel removals, they +had themselves kept alive a school, and had among them exemplary +Christians. Now, after one hundred years of such history, the +American Board put a mission among them. The church survived, and the +whole settlement took in the spirit of civilization and took on its +forms. A year later were added the missions to the Chickasaws, and +now, about the close of the year 1830, it seemed as if the fruitage +of this Indian missionary consecration were at hand. Half the +Cherokees in Georgia could read. Civilized life had taken firm hold +on them, and they were governing themselves with Christian laws. +Eight churches were in life and power among them. The Chickasaws had +their church in Arkansas, and the Cherokees there, another. The +churches of the Choctaws had received to their communions that year +two hundred and fifty members who were hopefully converted, and in +all the Indian Missions of the American Board there was a steady +increase of hopefulness, while the members in tribes were also +increasing. + +"Everywhere the fruits of the missions among the Indians were +abundant. No more docile pagans were ever approached with the gospel +than some of these peoples." + +Nevertheless, from this period of time, Indian missions cease to be +successful for a generation. + +The mission to the Chickasaws was abandoned in 1834; to the Osages in +1836; to the Stockbridge tribe, in 1848; to the Choctaws, in 1859; to +the Tuscaroras, in 1860; and to the Cherokees, in 1860; until at last +but a single mission remained, that among the great Sioux tribes or +the Dakotas. Twelve missions and forty-five churches, which reached +about one hundred thousand Indians abandoned in twenty-six years! + +The question now asks itself: "Why were not these hopeful missionary +efforts to these pagan tribes more permanent? What turned the tide of +success and left the missions stranded?" Here comes the story of +dishonor. The Indian was here when the white man came. The Christian +white men recognized the Indian's right of occupancy as a right. They +did _not_ hold that half a million savages had a right to dispute the +ultimate sovereignty of civilization, but they agreed that when +civilization should move forward and barbarism should retreat, the +Indian should have Christian justice and not un-Christian wrong. He +should not be oppressed. He should be treated equitably. His rights +should be acknowledged, and if the demands of the greater number and +the greater life asked for a surrender of his rights as original +occupant, then there should be fair consideration, compensation and +honesty. It may be the providence of God that barbarism shall be +crowded out by civilization, that the Indian's hunting-ground shall +yield to the railway and the marts of commerce. It may not be right +that a continent of eight millions of square miles, more than twice +the size of all Europe, fair and beautiful and rich in resources, +should be kept for game preserves for half a million savages. It is +right that the forest should fall to make room for New England +villages, with their churches and school-houses and industry. The +rude stage of existence must make way for a higher. But the higher +has no right to be wicked in its onward movement. It has no right to +rob or cheat. It has no right to make compacts and violate them. It +has no right to break its faith with the weak. It has no right to +outrage the principle of justice. + +The history of Indian wrongs by the whites in the inevitable advances +of civilization, need not be recited here. Unscrupulous greed has +hovered about the Indian reservations as waiting buzzards hover near +the wounded creature upon whose flesh they would fatten. Lands +guaranteed to the Indians were encroached upon by white people. These +encroachments resisted led to wars. Savage nature, wrought up with a +sense of injustice and burning for revenge, swept down upon guilty +intruders and innocent settlers alike, with indiscriminate massacre. +Then the Government called out its soldiery, and Indian wars with +less than half a million savages have cost the United States +$500,000,000, enough to plant missions among all the heathen tribes +of the world. + +Frontiersmen who have coveted the Indian reservations, when they +already had more land than they could use, without the possessions +which they desired to secure, have satisfied themselves that a +degraded race of savages had no rights which they were bound to +respect; and how could the missionaries prosper, when the ignorant +saw such exhibitions of character and life on the part of the people +from whom the missionaries came? These wars have led to cancellation +of treaties, because of inhuman violence, and then, the reservation +taken up, the savage is removed still further back. Thus the Indians +have been planted and uptorn, re-planted and uptorn, and re-planted, +until they are now removed, not hundreds of miles from the grounds of +their fathers, but thousands of miles. A tree will not grow if +uprooted and transplanted every few months, and this will in brief +tell us why the missions which began with the Moravians and the +American Board, and which were so hopeful, were one after another +abandoned. These constant removals were as disastrous to missions as +they were unjust to the Indians. It was remarkable that there should +be the degree of spiritual fruitage through all this period of Indian +removals and Indian wrongs, which characterizes the labors of those +who often, at peril of life, labored on for the red man's salvation. + +The American Board began its work among the Dakotas in 1835. It was +one of the most powerful tribes on the continent, numbering over +40,000. Their hunting-grounds extended from the 43 degrees to the 49 +degrees of latitude, and from the Mississippi River to the Black +Hills west of the Missouri. This was a territory equal in extent to +that of Scotland. The name Dakota means the "allied one," and +indicates the bands that united to form the tribe. The missionary +work, which was initiated under Rev. T.S. Williamson, Rev. J.D. +Stevens and Rev. S. Riggs, with their wives, and lady teachers, began +prosperously, and in six years forty-nine persons were formed into a +church. For some years the accessions were mostly women. The +acceptance of Christianity was more difficult to the men. The change +in the manner of life involved in it was greater. It meant entire +reconstruction of their ideas of life, and in the manner of it, the +abandonment of polygamy, the adoption of civilized dress, the spirit +of obedience and industry. These were the contradictions to centuries +of tradition and custom, and meant to an Indian brave the becoming +like a woman. At length, however, the gospel did take hold of the +warriors. The work and the faith of the missionaries were thoroughly +tested by the opposition this aroused, but the gospel won its way. At +last, when the rumors of the Civil War between the Northern and the +Southern States came to the Indians, it set their hearts aflame for +battle with their white neighbors, whose encroachment they resented. + +Then broke out the dreadful Minnesota massacre, when the missionaries +were compelled to flee for their lives, and the missions were +abandoned. Twelve hundred United States troops at last scattered the +savages and took about five hundred prisoners. They were incarcerated +at the Mankato prison in Minnesota, where thirty-eight were hung in +one day. The remainder in prison were visited by the missionaries, +and the prison house became a chapel. Soon it was a Bethel, a great +revival began, which lasted all winter, and in the spring, two +hundred Dakotas were added to the church in one day, and when they +were transferred to the prison at Davenport, they went out in chains, +but singing the 51st Psalm to the tune of Old Hundred. They carried +the fire from heaven with them to the Davenport prison, and when, in +1886, the prisoners were released, more than four hundred were +hopefully converted, and when they joined their families in Nebraska, +these gathered together in one communion, and called it the Pilgrim +Church--about two hundred years after John Eliot, of the Pilgrims at +Boston, gave his life to the Indians of Massachusetts. A people as +remote from civilization as were the Indians of 1640 founded their +Pilgrim Church. + +Now at length the Dakota missionaries began a new life among these +tribes. By the wonderful and strange providence of God, there had +been prepared in prison native teachers and preachers, and the way +was opened for expansive work. + +After a period of ten years of this work, the American Board +transferred its Indian missions to the American Missionary +Association. This Association, thirty years previous to this, had +Indian missions in the northwest, with twenty-one missionaries. +Various causes had led to _their_ abandonment, the chief one being +the demands of the newly-emancipated slaves after the war. + +Six years before the transfer of these missions to this Association, +it had an interest in Indian missions in Washington Territory and in +Minnesota. The transfer on the part of the American Board brought +under our care the mission at Santee, Nebraska, with its large school +and industrial departments; the Fort Sully mission, those on the +Cheyenne River, and at Fort Berthold, Dakota. These have since been +developed, until now, the facilities for missionary work and the +force of workers have been greatly increased. + +There are at the present time in the United States, exclusive of +Alaska, 247,761 Indians. Our missions are chiefly among 40,000 of the +Sioux or Dakota tribe, in the great Dakota reservation; among the +Poncas in Nebraska, and the Gros Ventres and Mandans on the Northern +Missouri. + +At the Santee Normal School, we are teaching about two hundred Indian +youth of both sexes. We are instructing them also in agriculture and +trades. There is a department for theological study, where +missionaries are prepared from the Indians for the Indians. Sixty-one +missionaries and teachers have caught the spirit of Eliot, Edwards +and Brainerd, and are earnestly serving Christ among these tribes. + +A Christian civilization is wedging its way in until eighty thousand +Indians are now clothed in civilized dress. Forty thousand have +learned to read English, and nearly thirty thousand are living in +houses. There are forty thousand Indian children of school age, and +about fourteen thousand enrolled as pupils, leaving between twenty +and thirty thousand children for whom as yet there are no schools +provided. Sixty-eight tribes remain without a church, a school or a +missionary, absolutely destitute of Christian light. + +It has been said that these heathen tribes are a vanishing people, +destined to decline and finally to disappear. Certainly their +condition for two hundred years has tended to decrease them, and yet, +when Columbus discovered America there were not double the number +that there are now. In happier conditions than formerly, there is a +decided increase in the Indian population, as there is betterment in +their customs and modes of life. Their missionary teachers find them +with the ancient characteristics unchanged--rude in thought, though +with a marked intellectual power. The open book of nature, the Indian +knows well. He will tell you the habits of bird and beast and tree +and plant. He will tell you the time of day by looking at a leaf. But +the life of civilization comes hard to him. He does not know the +value of time, nor the value of money. It is hard for him to measure +his days or to provide for the future, or to care for to-morrow. He +has not the heredity of civilization and Christianity, hence +missionary work sometimes seems slow in progress, but it is surely +gaining upon this almost dead past of half a century. Thirteen +Missionary Boards are now pressing forward to teach them the way and +the truth and the life. + +The doors are wide open as never before. The hearts of the Indians +are friendly as never for two hundred years. If the majority of them +show as yet no deep desire for that which Christianity brings, they +are not, in this, dissimilar from other heathen. But this desire is +growing. The Government at last is seeking to redeem the past. It has +appropriated for the Indian tribes reservations larger, in square +miles, than the whole German Empire. The Republic of France must +re-annex considerable of its ancient possessions before it will own +as much land as is now the property of the Indians in the United +States. Under these conditions, the hopefulness of the past argues +for a more hopeful future of missionary work. + +Our mission is to raise up teachers, preachers, interpreters and a +native agency that shall work for the regeneration of their own +people. It is a mission that is hopeful. + +It means a good deal to teach those who come to us in moccasins and +blankets, arithmetic, algebra, the elements of geometry, physical +geography, natural philosophy and mental science. It means much to +give them an industrial training that shall show them how to live +rightly, and enable them to do it. But above all, in all and through +all, is the gospel of Christ, which is the power of God to their +salvation. Perhaps no missions to the heathen have been more blessed +than many of these to the wild, painted savages. Thousands who were +barbarian in heart and in deed are now true disciples of Christ. +Where heathenism held its revels, now the church-bell calls the red +man to prayer, and the war-whoop is being exchanged for songs of +Christian praise. Wigwams are being transformed into houses, and +coarse and cruel people are illustrating home piety and virtues. The +prayers of God's people have been well directed, and there is every +reason why they should be increased, the wilderness and the solitary +place being made glad for them. The missionaries among them behold +the time when God will make for them a way, even a highway, that +shall be the way of holiness, in which the redeemed shall walk and +the ransomed of the Lord shall come to Zion with joy and gladness. + + * * * * * + +BUREAU OF WOMAN'S WORK. + +MISS D.E. EMERSON, SECRETARY + + * * * * * + +WOMAN'S STATE ORGANIZATIONS. + +CO-OPERATING WITH THE AMERICAN MISSIONARY ASSOCIATION. + + +ME.--Woman's Aid to A.M.A., Chairman of Committee, + Mrs. C.A. Woodbury, Woodfords, Me. + +VT.--Woman's Aid to A.M.A., Chairman of Committee, + Mrs. Henry Fairbanks, St. Johnsbury, Vt. + +VT.--Woman's Home Miss. Union, Secretary, + Mrs. Ellen Osgood, Montpelier, Vt. + +CONN.--Woman's Home Miss. Union, Secretary, + Mrs. S.M. Hotchkiss, 171 Capitol Ave., Hartford, + Conn. + +N.Y.--Woman's Home Miss. Union, Secretary, + Mrs. William Spalding, Salmon Block, Syracuse, + N.Y. + +ALA.--Woman's Missionary Association, Secretary, + Mrs. G.W. Andrews, Talladega, Ala. + +OHIO.--Woman's Home Miss. Union, Secretary, + Mrs. Flora K. Regal, Oberlin, Ohio. + +IND.--Woman's Home Miss. Union, Secretary, + Mrs. W.E. Mossman, Fort Wayne, Ind. + +ILL.--Woman's Home Miss. Union, Secretary, Mrs. + C.H. Taintor, 151 Washington St., Chicago, Ill. + +MICH.--Woman's Home Miss. Union, Secretary, + Mrs. Mary B. Warren, Lansing, Mich. + +WIS.--Woman's Home Miss. Union, Secretary, + Mrs. C. Matter, Brodhead, Wis. + +MINN.--Woman's Home Miss. Society, Secretary, + Miss Katharine Plant, 2651 Portland Avenue, + Minneapolis, Minn. + +IOWA.--Woman's Home Miss. Union, Secretary, + Miss Ella E. Marsh, Grinnell, Iowa. + +KANSAS.--Woman's Home Miss. Society, Secretary, + Mrs. G.L. Epps, Topeka, Kan. + +NEB.--Woman's Home Miss. Union, President, + Mrs. F.H. Leavitt, 1216 H St., Lincoln, Neb. + +DAKOTA.--Woman's Home Miss. Union, President, + Mrs. T.M. Hills, Sioux Falls; Secretary, Mrs. + W.R. Dawes, Redfield; Treasurer, Mrs. S.E. + Fifield, Lake Preston. + + * * * * * + + +REPORT OF SECRETARY. + +It is fitting that woman should have a part in a work that finds its +centre of operations in Christian schools and homes for the training +of the exceptional classes reached by the American Missionary +Association. + +Let us not forget that the Indians for whom we work have been +excluded from our civilized communities, until it is difficult to win +them to our customs, our language and our religion; that until only +about twenty-five years ago, generation after generation of our +colored people had been born to bondage, and had groaned its hopeless +life away in far greater misery than the same conditions brought in +uncivilized Africa--misery made deeper and keener by contrasts in +civilized America. Is it a wonder that the women of a slave race lost +their womanly instincts; that the moral nature was blunted and +marred; that the mind became impoverished, the heart a waste place +for poisonous weeds to grow? + +Let us not forget that the mountain people have been passed by, until +shrinking farther and farther into the seclusion of their hills and +ravines, and living unto themselves, they have lost the sturdy +qualities of their ancestors. + +What kind of homes do we find among these people, where the children +with their impressible minds are receiving their first instruction? + +Our teacher is invited to visit the home of a Kentucky girl, one +somewhat above the average. Beautiful for situation, up a winding +road, past cascades and mountain waterfalls, upon a high plateau the +home is found--a box house, one room, no windows, two beds, four +chairs, a table, a few dishes, father, mother, seven children, dogs, +cats, and chickens. At retiring hour the teacher is pointed to the +corner and is told she is to sleep there. A pile of dirty, ragged +quilts are pulled out from under the beds, some bags and rags rolled +for pillows, and the family dispose of themselves for the night, with +no change of clothing, scarcely the removal of shoes. Change the box +house to a tent, put the fire in the centre, and with less furniture, +but no more smoke or dirt, you have the tepee home of the Indian. +Match the dilapidation and the dirt, the narrow quarters and the +large family, and you have the cabin home in the Georgia swamps and +the lowlands of Louisiana. The conditions in the main are the +same--an untutored father and mother, no books, no pictures, no +newspapers, no clean clothes, no Sunday, no God. + +At first sight our sympathies are aroused by the lack of all ordinary +comforts and conveniences of home life, but transplant the family +into a neat cottage, suitably furnished for a home, explaining to +them its advantages and uses, and let us see if thus we have met the +need. What a disappointment! Their old habits still cling to them. +They do not know the names or use of the kitchen utensils; they have +no proper knowledge of cooking, no orderly habits; there is no family +or personal reserve. There are books and newspapers, but they cannot +read them, or cannot read intelligently because of their meagre +vocabulary. Evidently the real degradation of these people does not +lie wholly in the poor cabins or tents, the scant furniture, the +ragged clothing, the shiftlessness and poverty. It is deep in the +nature, and far harder to overcome than any outward conditions. + +We want to help them: we ought to help them. For what were we +nurtured and shielded in Christian homes; why taught self-restraint, +self-reliance, the law of God as applied to our duty to ourselves and +our neighbors? Why have our hands been trained to skillful work, our +minds opened to knowledge, if not to make these our talents ten more +by their exercise in behalf of such needy ones? But how shall we +convey to them the blessings of intelligent, Christian home life? I +am sure every womanly heart gives the same response: through the +children. + +That is our way--the foundation of the broad work of this +Association. We cannot expect the mothers to teach their children +what they do not know themselves, have never seen and cannot +understand. So we bring the youth out of these homes, cut off as far +as possible from their low surroundings, into our missionary schools, +where they are lifted into a purer atmosphere and are brought into +daily contact with refined Christian womanhood. Here mind and heart +and hand are trained. Not only do they learn habits of fore-thought +and industry, but by the blessing of the Holy Spirit very many of +them learn the saving power there is in Jesus Christ. Ten thousand +youth we have thus reached within the last year. Is it not a grand +work, worthy your heartiest support? There is encouragement in all +our fields, but especially now in what is accomplished for the girls +of the colored race. Their perils are peculiar. Your hearts would +ache could you know all the dangers that encompass them. They are +beset on every hand. Not a girl in our schools is safe. They, of all +others, are the ones that are tried, tempted, allured. Do they go out +to teach, they are watched, written to, harassed, and only as strong +in God's strength and deliverance can they escape. When you think of +the snares set for these girls, and that no father or brother may +even yet dare defend them, and when you know that there are +those--yes, very many--who, guided by Christian teachers stand firm +in the purity of their womanhood, clinging to the Everlasting Arm, +how plain it is that God has a plan, a purpose for this race, when we +shall have fulfilled our duty to them, and when their fiery furnace +of trial shall have done its work! + +And these people are not in Asia, or Africa, or the Islands of the +Sea. They are within our own domain--ten millions of them--a constant +reminder of our duty, a threat of danger if duty is neglected. You +may say, what are ten thousand youth among ten millions? They are the +leaven, which, if a woman take and properly direct shall leaven the +whole mass. The American Missionary Association has these youth, and +through these, access to larger numbers. It has been no easy matter +to win the alienated Indian until he would give up his boys and girls +to our care; nor to break through the ignorant pride and reserve of +the mountaineers; or even to wisely direct the impulsive, selfishly +ambitious, undisciplined colored people. But it has been done. Our +school homes are there, upon the sure foundation of gospel, no caste +principles, and we need the help of every Christian woman in the land +to sustain what has been established at such painstaking and cost, +and to meet the demand for the new phases of help that can now be +given. + +That some of our church woman in the North are interested, is shown +by the twenty-eight thousand dollars of contributions received from +them during the past year. That they are alive to the advantage of +reaching this field through the American Missionary Association and +thus keeping in sympathy with the work of the churches in their +annual contributions, is shown in the formation of State Unions, for +direct co-operation with us. We consider it especially favorable that +the purpose of these State organizations is to increase the flow of +money and other forms of helpfulness through the regular channels to +this part of the home field; that thus the young people and strangers +who are gathered into the church auxiliaries are being interested in +the history and work of the American Missionary Association and that +the children--the future church members--also are learning to give to +it, for the sake of the people to whom it ministers. + +It has been a great help to us, that in the past year the Woman's Aid +of Maine sustained four teachers, that the Woman's Aid of Vermont +contributed so faithfully to their adopted school at McIntosh, Ga., +and Connecticut ladies to the Industrial School for colored girls in +Thomasville. We cannot speak too highly of the efficiency of the New +York Woman's Union, which pledges us a definite sum, increasing the +amount annually, and keeping its pledge. The Ohio Union has sustained +Miss Collins' mission in Dakota and a teacher in the South. The +Minnesota Union met nearly two-thirds the cost of our school at +Jonesboro', Tenn., and the Iowa Union more than one-third the expense +of Beach Institute, Savannah, Ga. The ladies of other States have +helped in the girls' department of our school at Tougaloo, Miss., the +schools at Athens and Mobile, Ala., Austin, Tex., Williamsburg, Ky. +and Santee Agency, Neb. These friends have been in communication with +the schools they have aided, learning of the needs and economical +measures of help. They have been permitted to know for themselves the +hopeful results of patient Christian endeavor. For many of our +scholars are beginning quietly and persistently to do noble Christian +work in the locality in which they live, relieving the destitute, +reading, singing, praying with the sick and infirm and themselves +growing stronger and wiser in religious work every day. There are +many who appreciate and long for a better and purer life for their +own people, and they are doing much to elevate the tone of society. +They are the leaven. They can transform the home life--to some extent +the old homes--but in much larger degree the new, in giving +intelligent parentage to the little ones of their own households. + +In order to make the work so well begun tell most for the future, the +woman's skill is required in its every phase. The homes must have +their visitors, schools their teachers; pastors urgently call for the +special missionary. There are those who are willing to go. Will the +ladies of the churches provide the means? Will you Christian +women--the women of our churches, come to the aid of the American +Missionary Association, in support of your sisters in the field? If +you will do this, we shall have no more debt. If you will do this, +there will be far less of heart-aching denial to those who plead with +us year by year to send them just one--only one Christian woman to +guide and teach. + +It costs but four hundred dollars a missionary. Yet of those who have +been appointed for the new year--some already at work, others now on +the way--there are one hundred whose support is not yet provided; and +only four hundred dollars a missionary! What a glow would enter the +hearts of these noble, self-denying woman, if from the Woman's Bureau +word might go that the ladies of such churches have provided for you, +and you, and you! Weary with the constant drain upon mind and heart, +as they come in contact with the warped, barren lives of the people +whom they would help, how it would refresh them to feel that because +they are your missionaries you are working for, thinking of and +praying for them. One hundred woman missionaries unprovided for! + +At the word of the Lord we put out into the deep and let down the +nets. The draught is great, our nets are breaking, and we beckon unto +you, our partners in the other boat to come and help us--to share in +the work and the reward. + + * * * * * + +RECEIPTS FOR OCTOBER, 1888. + + + MAINE. $261.51. + +Alfred. Cong. Ch. and Soc. ...12.92 + +Bingham. Cong. Ch. ...2.00 + +Brewer. M. Hardy 50 to const. MRS. + ADDIE B. GARDNER L.M., Mrs. C.S. + Hardy 30, to const. MRS. SARAH L. + WING, L.M. ...80.00 + +Bridgton. First Cong. Ch. and + Soc. ...17.03 + +Brunswick. First Cong. Ch. ...54.25 + +Castine. Class of little girls. + No. 9. Trin. Ch. Sab. Sch., for + Student Aid, Tougaloo U. ...2.31 + +East Orrington. Cong. Ch. ...4.00 + +Gorham. "Young Ladies Helping Hand" + Cong. Ch. ...25.00 + +Lebanon Center. Mrs. Sophronia D. Lord ...1.00 + +Lewiston. Richard C. Stanley ...5.00 + +Norridgewock. Cong. Ch. and Soc. ...35.00 + +Oxford. Rev. Geo. F. Tewksbury ...2.00 + +Princeton. Cong. Ch. ...6.00 + +Richmond. Sab. Sen. of Cong. Ch. for + Student Aid, Talladega C. ...10.00 + +Sherman Mills. Washburn Memorial Ch. ...5.00 + + + NEW HAMPSHIRE, $340.97. + +Bennington. Cong. Ch. ...8.22 + +Candia. Mrs. A.E. Page ...1.00 + +Campton. Cong. Ch. ...16.22 + +Concord. By Mrs. Enoch Gerrish, + Freight for McLeansville, N.C. ...1.00 + +Deerfield. Cong. Ch. ...8.60 + +Milford. Cong. Ch. to const. WILLIAM C. + CLEAVES and ARTHUR M. WINSLOW L.M'S ...65.00 + +Nashua. Pilgrim Ch. (30 of which from + SUSAN P. PEARSON to const. herself L.M) ...150.08 + +New Ipswich. Childrens' 26th Annual Fair + for Benev. objects (4.67 of which + for Indian Schools) ...18.18 + +Peterboro. "Mother and daughter" ...5.00 + +Union. "Ladies and Band of Hope" by Mrs. + G.S. Butler, for Storrs Sch. + Atlanta, Ga. ...11.00 + +Warner. Cong. Ch. ...10.41 + +Winchester. Cong. Ch. and Soc. (24 of + which for Student Aid. + Gregory Inst., Wilmington, N.C.) ...40.41 + +Winchester. Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch. ...5.85 + + + VERMONT, $866.60. + +Brattleboro. Central Cong. Ch. ...100.00 + +Brownington. Martha S. Stone ...10.00 + +Burlington. First Cong. Ch., adl. ...2.00 + +Derby. Cong. Ch. ...5.00 + +Derby. Ladies of Cong. Ch., by Mrs. + David Hopkinson, for McIntosh, + Ga. ...4.00 + +Essex Junction. Cong. Ch. ...20.00 + +Fair Haven. First Cong. Ch. + and Soc. ...10.21 + +Grandby and Victory. Cong. Ch. + and Soc. ...2.77 + +Grand Isle. Mrs. Martha Ladd, + for Indian M. ...3.00 + +Highgate. Cong. Ch. ...7.30 + +Jamaica. Cong. Ch. and Soc. ...10.27 + +Marshfield. Lyman Clark ...15.00 + +New Haven. "A Friend" ...15.00 + +Newport. Cong. Ch. and Soc. ...14.20 + +North Ferrisburg. Mrs Maria D. + Wicker (120 of which to const. + ROXA M. CHAMPLIN, ALMA M. WEBB, + Mrs. EMMA W. WICKER and ABBIE D. + WICKER L.M's) ...500.00 + +Orwell. Cong. Ch. and Soc. ...13.75 + +Saint Johnsbury. Mrs. T.M. + Howard and Mrs. E.D. Blodget, + for Student Aid, Fisk U. ...50.00 + +Salisbury. Cong. Ch. 15, bal. + to const. DEA. CYRUS BUMP L.M., + "Friends in Cong. Ch." $1.50 ...16.50 + +Sharon. "Three Friends in Cong. Ch." ...2.00 + +Swanton. C.C. Long ...10.00 + +Vergennes. Cong. Ch. ...10.00 + +Vergennes. Eliza S. Stevens, + Freight for McIntosh, Ga. ...2.00 + +West Dover. Cong. Ch. ...3.00 + +West Randolph. Mrs. Laura Salisbury + Smith to const. H. PORTER SMITH, L.M. ...30.00 + +Wilmington. Cong. Ch. ...8.00 + +Vermont Woman's Home Missionary + Union, by Mrs. Wm. P. Fairbanks, + Treas. for McIntosh, Ga.: + + Manchester. Miss Ellen + Tuttle in memory of her + brother 2.60 + + ---- 2.60 + + + MASSACHUSETTS, $4,089.39. + +Amherst. First Cong. Ch., 35, + South Cong. Ch. 4.08, + Miss Mary H. Scott, Bbl. of C. etc. ...39.08 + +Andover. Ladies' Union Home M. Soc. ...92.59 + +Andover. West Cong. Ch., adl. ...23.00 + +Baldwinville. Memorial Sab. Sch., for + Student Aid, Gregory Inst., + Wilmington, N.C. ...8.00 + +Beverly. Wm. O. Grover, for Talladega C. ...100.00 + +Beverly. Washington St. Ch. ...30.00 + +Boston. C.H. Bond, 250; + John N. Denison, 100; + H.O. Houghton, 50; + Dr. Wm. P. Wesselhoeff, 50; + F.L. Garrison. 5, + and Mrs. A.H Batcheller, 25, + for Talladega C. ...480.00 + + C.A. Hopkins, + for Boarding Hall, + Pleasant Hill, Tenn. ...100.00 + + S.D. Smith, American Organ, + for Sherwood, Tenn. ...75.00 + + Brighton. Evan Cong. Ch. and + Soc. ...153.73 + + Dorchester. Mrs. Ruth W. + Prouty ...5.00 + + Miss Mary A. Tuttle, + for Indian M. ...9.10 + + Roxbury. Immanuel Cong. Ch. ...96.65 + + Eliot Ch., adl. ...1.00 + + John H. Soren ...1.00 + + ------ 921.48 + +Bridgewater. Central Sq. Cong. Ch., 48; + "E.F.H.," 1 ...49.00 + +Brookline. Harvard Ch. ...54.76 + +Cambridgeport. Pilgrim Ch. ...26.00 + +Chelsea. "A Friend in First Ch." ...5.00 + +Concord. Trin. Cong. Ch. ...25.58 + +Cummington. Mrs. H.M. Porter ...2.00 + +Danvers. Maple St. Ch. ...176.47 + +Deerfield. Orthodox Cong. Ch. ...30.32 + +Easthampton. First Cong. Ch., for Santee + Indian M. ...12.50 + +East Marshfield. Second Cong. Ch. ...5.00 + +East Wareham. Abby Bourne and Hannah + B. Cannon ...10.00 + +Everett. Cong. Ch. ...25.10 + +Fall River. Mrs. R.K. Remington, for + New Out Station, Indian M. ...700.00 + +Fall River. Leonard N. Slade ...5.00 + +Fitchburg. Rollstone Ch. 35; + Cal. Cong. Ch. 24.30 ...59.30 + +Gardner. Woman's Miss'y. Soc., by Mrs. + F.H. Whittemore, for Indian Sch'p. ...50.00 + +Haverhill. Chas. Coffin ...4.50 + +Harvard. Cong. Ch. ...14.75 + +Haydenville. Cong. Ch., adl., to const. + THOMAS S. PURRINGTON L.M. ...2.00 + +Holbrook. Winthrop Ch. ...44.85 + +Lakeville and Taunton. Precinct Cong. + Sab. Sch. ...11.05 + +Lowell. "Friend" ...14.00 + +Ludlow Center. Ladies of First Cong. Ch. + for Tougaloo U. ...10.00 + +Lynn. Chestnut St. Ch. ...5.00 + +Manchester. Cong. Ch. ...18.38 + +Medfield. Second Cong. Ch. ...92.36 + +Melrose. Orthodox Cong. Ch. and Soc. ...89.92 + +Melrose Highlands. Mrs. F.W. Lewis ...0.50 + +Methuen. First Parish Cong. Ch. ...23.42 + +Middleboro. Central Cong. Ch. ...36.00 + +New Salem. Cong. Ch. ...8.00 + +Newton. Sab. Sch. Class, North Evan Ch. + for Student Aid, Santee Indian Sch. ...37.50 + +Newton Center. First Cong. Ch. ...71.80 + +North Abington. Rev. Jesse H. Jones ...5.00 + +Northampton. Edwards Ch. Benev. Soc. ...185.06 + +Northboro. Evan. Cong. Ch. ...41.98 + +Northbridge. Rockdale Cong. Ch. ...4.00 + +North Leominster. Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch. + for Rosebud Indian M. ...20.10 + +Norton. Trin. Cong. Ch. and Soc. ...10.00 + +North Wilbraham. Grace Union Ch. ...10.50 + +Saxonville. Edwards Cong. Ch. ...18.00 + +Shelburne. Cong. Ch., to const MISS + MARY E. FELLOWS L.M. ...42.00 + +Sherborn. "By a former Teacher." ...10.00 + +Somerville. Miss M.C. Sawyer, for + Tougaloo U. ...20.00 + +Southampton. Teachers and Pupils, Infant + Class, Cong. Ch. ...1.00 + +Southboro. Member of Pilgrim Ch., adl. ...8.00 + +South Byfield. By Mrs. Geo. L. Gleason, + Freight for Williamsburg, Ky. ...1.00 + +South Egremont. Cong. Ch. ...26.68 + +Southfield. Cong. Ch. ...15.00 + +South Framingham. South Cong. Ch. ...87.77 + +South Hadley. Cong. Ch. ...24.00 + +South Royalston. Amos Blanchard. ...10.00 + +Spencer. First Cong. Ch. ...85.00 + +Springfield. Sab. Sch. of South Cong. Ch., + for Student Aid, Santee Indian Sch. ...70.00 + +Stockbridge. Miss Alice Byington, for + Indian M. ...30.00 + +Sudbury. Ladies of Cong. Ch., Freight for + Straight U. ...3.00 + +Oxford. Woman's Miss'y Soc. by Miss + L.D. Stockwell, for Tougaloo U. ...14.00 + +Oxford. Ladies' Miss'y Soc., Freight for + Kittrell N.C. ...2.50 + +Pittsfield. Mrs. Mary E. Sears ...5.00 + +Revere. First Cong. Ch. and Soc. ...13.50 + +Rockland. Cong. Ch., to const. FRANK + SHELDON L.M. ...30.00 + +Topsfield. Rev. Daniel D. Tappan ...2.20 + +Townsend. By Mrs. Ralph Ball, Freight + for Sherwood, Tenn. ...2.00 + +Ware. Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch., for Santee + Home, Indian M. ...25.00 + +Warren. Mrs. J. Ramsdell, for Chinese M. ...5.00 + +Westford. Ladies' Soc. Bbl. of C. for Storrs + Sch., Atlanta, Ga. + +West Granville. Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch. ...5.00 + +Westhampton. Cong. Ch. ...28.20 + +West Newbury. First Cong. Ch. ...6.00 + +West Springfield. Ladles' Mission Circle of + Park St. Ch. for Pleasant Hill, Tenn. ...100.00 + +Worcester. Mrs. G.F. Orr, 10; + Mrs. Laird, 2; for Talladega C. ...12.00 + +Hampden Benevolent Association, by + Charles Marsh, Treas. + + Agawam. ...15.00 + + Holyoke. Second. ...92.43 + + Springfield. South. ...57.62 + + Olivet. Ladies Praying Cir. ...2.18 + + Westfield. Second. ...14.46 + + ------ ...181.69 + + +CLOTHING, BOOKS, ETC. RECEIVED AT BOSTON OFFICE. + +Concord. N.H. First Cong. Ch. 2 Bbls. + Val. 37.06 + +Saint Johnsbury, Vt. Juvenile Sew. Soc. + of North Ch., Box, for Grand View, Tenn. + +Lanesville, Mass. W.L. Saunders, 2 Bundles + +Ashmont. Mr. Hale, Bbl. and Box + +Groton. By F.D. Lewis, Box for Lexington, Ky. + +Oxford. Ladies' Miss'y Soc., Bbl. for Kittrel, + N.C. + +South Byfield. By Mrs. George L. Gleason, + Bbl. for Williamsburg, Ky. + +Sudbury. Ladies of Cong. Ch., Bbl. + +Townsend. By Mrs. Ralph Ball, Bbl. for + Sherwood, Tenn. + +West Newton. Henry O. Barker, Bbl. + + + RHODE ISLAND, $726.28. + +Little Compton. Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch., + for Mountain White Work ...12.23 + +North Scituate. Cong. Ch. and Soc. ...3.00 + +Peace Dale. Cong. Ch. ...30.00 + +Providence. Central Cong. Ch., 630; + Free Evan. Cong. Ch., 25; + Plymouth Cong. Ch., 24.05; + Mrs. Ann Torry, 2 ...681.05 + + + CONNECTICUT, $1,783.19. + +Birmingham. J. Tomlinson, for Indian M. ...20.00 + +Birmingham. Cong. Ch., bal. to const. + REV. CHARLES W. PARK L.M. ...7.50 + +Bridgeport. Second Cong. Ch. ...60.27 + +Bristol. Cong. Ch. ...75.50 + +Chaplin. H.T. Crosby. 5; + Miss J.W. Crosby, 5 ...10.00 + +Cheshire. Cong. Ch. ...23.50 + +Cheshire. Mrs. Stoddard's S.S. Class, for + Rosebud Indian M. ...0.50 + +Cornwall. E.C. Starr, for Tougaloo U. ...10.00 + +Danielsonville. Westfield Cong. Ch. and + Soc. ...44.91 + +Ellington. Cong. Ch., for 4 Life + Memberships, 140.11; Incorrectly ack. + in Nov. number from Rockville + +Gilead. "A Friend" ...5.00 + +Goshen. Mrs. Moses Lyman ...10.00 + +Hartford. ROLAND MATHER, to const. + himself L.M. ...30.00 + +Hockanum. Second Cong. Ch. (5 of which + from Mrs. E.M. Roberts) ...29.28 + +Lisbon. Cong. Ch., for Conn. Indl. Sch., + Ga. ...6.00 + +Mansfield. Ind. Cong. Ch. ...14.00 + +Monroe. Rev. H.M. Hazeltine, Box of + Books for Talladega C. + +New Britain. South Cong. Ch., 123.37; + Member So. Cong. Ch., 3. to const. H. + DAYTON HUMPHREY, PHILIP CORBIN, + MISS KATE M. BROWN and MISS JANE + M. CASE L.M's ...126.37 + +New Haven. Dwight Place Cong. Ch. 138.87; + "A Friend," 50 ...188.87 + +New London. First Cong. Ch. ...65.11 + +Norfolk. Robbins Bartell, for Tougaloo U. ...10.00 + +North Branford. J.A. Palmer ...2.00 + +Northford. Cong. Ch. ...12.00 + +North Madison. Cong. Ch. and Soc. ...14.00 + +Plymouth. Cong. Ch. ...56.50 + +Pomfret. Two S.S. Classes, by Miss + Mathewson, for Mountain White Work ...10.00 + +Poquonock. Cong. Ch. ...30.78 + +Poquonock. Sab. Sch. Cong. Ch., Bbl. of + Books, for Grand View, Tenn. + +Rockville. Sab. Sch. Class of young ladies, + Union Cong. Ch., for Mountain White Work ...10.00 + +South Killingly. Cong. Ch. ...5.00 + +Southington. Y.P.S.C.E. of Cong. Ch. ...4.35 + +Stratford. "Old Abolitionist" ...5.00 + +Taftville. Cong. Ch. ...8.25 + +Torrington. Third Cong. Ch. ...10.17 + +Wallingford. Mrs. C.B. Darling, for + New Out Station, Indian M. ...700.00 + +Watertown. Cong. Ch., to const. DEA. + SAMUEL T. DAYTON L.M. ...37.76 + +Westville. Cong. Ch. ...39.00 + +Wethersfleld. Cong. Ch. (35 of which + from Ladies, for Conn. Indl. Sch., Ga.) ...60.10 + +Winchester. Cong. Ch. ...15.05 + +Woodbury. North Cong. Ch., 14.35; + First Cong. Ch., 12.07 ...26.42 + + + NEW YORK, $3,888.36. + +Albany. "A Friend" ...25.00 + +Amsterdam. Mrs. Chandler Bartlett ...2.00 + +Brooklyn. Stephen Ballard, for Ballard + Sch. Building, Macon, Ga. ...1950.00 + +Brooklyn. "A Friend." by Stephen Ballard, + for Macon, Ga., to purchase land ...1000.00 + +Brooklyn. Tompkins Av. Cong. Ch. ...400.00 + +Brooklyn. Sab. Sch. of Central Cong. + Ch., for Indian M. ...37.50 + +Brooklyn. Park Av. Prim. Meth. Sab. Sch., 20; + R.M. Raymond, 10; + Robert Burchell, 3, for + Williamsburg, Ky. ...33.00 + +Big Hollow. Nelson Hitchcock ...5.00 + +Canandaigua. First Cong. Ch. and Soc. ...67.50 + +Churchville. Cong. Ch., to const. + Z. WILLARD L.M. ...31.82 + +Coventryville. Cong. Ch. ...4.00 + +Ellington. Cong. Ch. ...7.00 + +Fort Covington. "A.B." ...2.00 + +Groton. Cong. Ch. ...29.00 + +Honeoye. Mrs. Gideon Pitts, to const. + MISS JENNIE W. PITTS L.M. ...30.00 + +Ovid. D.W. Kinne ...4.50 + +Lisle. R.C. Osborn ...10.00 + +Newark Valley. Cong. Ch. ...20.37 + +New Lebanon. Ellen C. Kendall ...5.00 + +New York. Member Tab. Ch., 5; + J.N. Washburn, package of C. ...5.00 + +Nunda. "A Friend" ...15.00 + +Nyack. John W. Towt ...50.00 + +Port Leyden. Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch. ...3.00 + +Rodman. Cong. Ch. ...20.00 + +Schenectady. Cong. Ch. adl., to const. + HON. JOHN YOUNG and DEA. ALEX. F. + VEDDER L.M'S ...50.00 + +Syracuse. Plymouth Cong. Ch. ...35.17 + +West Groton. Cong. Ch. 13.65; + and Sab. Sch. Birthday Box, 1.85 ...15.50 + +Woman's Home Missionary Union of N.Y., + by Mrs. L.H. Cobb., Treas., for Woman's + Work: + + Fairport. Ladies' Aux. ...31.00 + + ------ ...31.00 + + + NEW JERSEY, $332.56. + +Arlington. Mrs. George Overacre. ...1.50 + +East Orange. Trinity Cong. Ch. ...140.50 + +Montclair. Young Ladies' Miss'y Soc. of + First Cong. Ch., for Meridian, Miss. ...30.00 + +Montclair. Sab. Sch. Class Cong. Ch. + for Student Aid , Talladega, C. ...10.00 + +Roselle. "A Friend" ...50.00 + +Westfield. Cong. Ch. ...100.56 + + + + PENNSYLVANIA, $36.00. + +Centerville. Mission Concert Cong. Ch. ...5.00 + +Philadelphia. Sab. Sch. of Central Cong. + Ch. 25; "E.F.B.," 1 ...26.00 + +Ridgeway. Bible Class, by Minnie J. + Kline, for Oaks, N.C. ...5.00 + + + OHIO, $464.16. + +Belden. Cong. Ch. ...2.25 + +Cincinnati. Columbia Cong. Cong. ...12.00 + +Cleveland. Member Jennings Av. Cong. + Ch. for Indian M. ...0.50 + +Conneaut. Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch. 20; + H.E. Pond, 5; for Student Aid, Fisk U. ...25.00 + +Grafton. Cong. Ch. ...4.00 + +Hudson. Cong. Ch. ...9.00 + +Kelloggsville. Mrs. P.F. Kellogg 3; + Frankie C. Kellogg, 50 cts., + for Indian M. ...3.50 + +Litchfield. Cong. Ch. ...3.62 + +Lorain. Cong. Ch., 7.30; "Soc. of Christian + Endeavor" 10; for Tougaloo U. ...17.30 + +Madison. Central Cong. Ch. Mrs. L.H. Roe ...10.00 + +Middlefield. Lois S. Buell, deceased, by + Celestia E. Wilcox, to const. LUCIUS J. + BUELL, L.M. ...30.00 + +New London. Cong. Ch. ...1.55 + +North Bloomfield. Cong. Ch., 5; + Wm. C. Savage, 5 ...10.00 + +North Ridgeville. Sab Sch. of Cong. + Ch., 6; Miss M.M. Lickarish, 3; for + Williamsburg, Ky. ...9.00 + +Oberlin. Rev. C.V. Spear, 50; + First Ch. 49.76 ...99.76 + +Oberlin. Y.L.M.S. by Mrs. J.P. + Atwater, for Woman's Work ...20.00 + +Strongville. Elijah Lyman ...10.00 + +Painesville. Mrs. Cornelia Green, Box + of C., for Tougaloo U. + +Rockport. Cong. Ch. ...6.00 + +Toledo. First Cong. Ch. ...64.18 + +Wakeman. Cong. Ch. and Soc. ...5.00 + +Ohio Woman's Home Misisonary Union + by Mrs. Phebe A. Crafts, Treas. for + Woman's Work: + + Ashtabula. Cong. Ch., + L.M.S. ...1.00 + + Burton. L.M.S. ...26.00 + + Cleveland. Boys and Girls + Mission Band ...15.00 + + Lindenville. L.H.M.S. ...3.00 + + Medina. W.M.S. ...10.00 + + Oberlin. Second Cong. Ch. + L.S. ...41.50 + + ------ ...96.50 + + ------- + + $439.00 + + ESTATE. + +Canfield. Estate of P. Edwards. by G.R. + Edwards, Ex. ...25.00 + + ------- + + $464.16 + + + ILLINOIS, $524.91. + +Beecher. Cong. Ch. "A Friend" ...10.00 + +Chicago. Mrs. Edward Brush and Mrs. + N.A. Jones. for Student Aid, Fisk U. ...104.00 + +Chicago. Tab. Cong. Ch. ...5.00 + +Earlville. J.A. Dupee ...50.00 + +Elgin. Mrs. E.E.C. Borden. ...25.00 + +Evanston. Cong. Ch., 3.13; + bal. to const. M.J. DEAN L.M. + Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch. 60; + to const. MRS. LOUISE L. STANWOOD + and MRS. ANNIE L. MILLER L.M's. ...63.13 + +Jacksonville. Cong. Ch. by James M. + Longley ...5.00 + +La Prarie Center. "A Friend" ...50.00 + +Lawn Ridge. Cong. Ch. and Sab. Sch. + 16.18; A. Crawford, 5 ...21.18 + +Lee Center. Cong. Ch. ...2.20 + +Lombard. First Ch. ...10.50 + +Malden. Cong. Ch. ...9.10 + +Marshall. Cong. Ch. ...4.75 + +Moline. First Cong. Ch. ...106.30 + +Odell. Ladies of Cong., Ch. for Woman's + Work ...5.00 + +Rantoul. Cong. Ch. ...8.00 + +Ridge Prarie. Evan St. John Ch. ...6.00 + +Sterling. Cong. Ch. ...39.75 + + + MICHIGAN, $329.39. + +Calumet. Robert Dobbie. ...50.00 + +Calumet. "Helping Hand Soc.," by + Grace Mc. Cullagh, for Woman's Work ...25.00 + +Coloma. Cong. Ch. ...2.32 + +Edwardsburg. S.A. Olmsted ...5.00 + +Lake Linden. Rev. J.W. Savage and + others, for Student Aid Talladega C. ...25.00 + +Lansing. Prof. R.C. Kedzie, to const. + MRS. HARRIET E. FAIRCHILD KEDZIE, L.M. ...30.00 + +Manistee. First Cong. Ch. ...12.00 + +Olivet. Cong. Ch. ...70.00 + +South Haven. Sab. Sch. Concert Cong. Ch. ...6.00 + +Traverse City. First Cong. Ch. ...22.90 + +Vermontville. Orlin P. Fay, to const. + MRS. LAURA B. FAY L.M. ...30.00 + +Watervliet. Plym. Cong. Ch. ...20.66 + +Woman's Home Missionary Union, of + Mich., by Mrs. E.F. Grabill, Treas. for + Woman's Work: + + Ann Arbor. Bbl. of C., + val. 36.30 + + Calumet. "Helping Hands" + for helpless people in the + South ...25.00 + + Detroit. Mt. Hope, Sab. Sch. ...5.51 + + ----- ...30.51 + + + IOWA, $250.45. + +Bear Grove. Cong. Ch. ...11.62 + +Cedar Falls. Cong. Ch. ...22.60 + +Central City. Cong. Ch. ...10.00 + +Charles City. Cong. Ch., Dr. J.W. Smith ...5.00 + +Decorah. Cong. Ch. ...35.03 + +Ellsworth. Cong. Ch. ...2.69 + +Glenwood. Cong. Ch. ...7.00 + +Grinnell. Cong. Ch. ...11.81 + +Lewis. Cong. Ch. ...16.42 + +Manchester. Ladies Miss'y. Soc. 10; + by Eliza C. Day, Treas., Cong. Ch. 8.50 ...18.50 + +Nashua. Cong. Ch. ...2.63 + +Newell. Cong. Ch. ...4.60 + +Rochelle. Mrs. A.C. Francis ...1.00 + +Webster City. Cong. Ch. ...16.50 + +What Cheer. Mrs. Mary D. Hunter ...3.00 + +Iowa Woman's Home Missionary Union, + for Woman's Work: + + Almoral. L.M.S. ...2.10 + + Central City. L.H.M.S. ...5.00 + + Clay. W.H.M.S ...1.00 + + Cedar Falls. ...7.39 + + Des Moines. W.M.S. Plym. + Ch. ...21.70 + + Grinnell. W.H.M.U. ...19.60 + + Harlan. W.M.S ...5.40 + + Lewis. ...5.00 + + McGregor. W.M.S. ...8.60 + + New Hampton. L.M.S. ...4.26 + + Norwich, Vt. Miss H.M. + Stuart ...2.00 + + ------ ...82.05 + + + WISCONSIN, $17.58. + +Barneveld. Cong. Ch. ...3.52 + +Burlington. Cong. Ch. ...1.25 + +Depere. Cong. Ch. ...9.00 + +Paris and Bristol. Cong. Ch. ...1.81 + +West Salem. "M.L.C." ...2.00 + + + MINNESOTA, $123.64. + +Lake City. First Cong. Ch. ...20.50 + +Mankato. W.M.S. of Cong. Ch., for Womans' + Work, by Mrs. C.N. Cross ...10.16 + +Minneapolis. Plymouth Ch. 29; + Union Cong. Ch. 25.64; + Lyndale Cong. Ch. 17.77; + Silver Lake Mission Ch., 4; + Fifth Av. Cong. Ch., 3.50; + R. Laughlin, 1 ...80.91 + +Wabasha. Cong. Ch. ...12.07 + + + MISSOURI, $40.00. + +Saint Louis. Pilgrim Cong. Ch. ...40.00 + + + KANSAS, $77.56. + +Highland. Cong. Ch. ...5.00 + +Manhattan. Cong. Ch. ...11.16 + +Woman's Home Missionary Soc. of Kansas, + by Mrs. James G. Doughterty, for + Woman's Work ...61.40 + + + DAKOTA, $179.44. + +Lake Henry. Cong. Ch. ...2.75 + +Yankton. First Cong. Ch. (30 of which to + const. REV. DAN. F. BRADLEY L.M.) ...43.35 + + ----- + + ...46.10 + + ESTATE. + +Wahpeton. Estate of Mrs. L.H. Porter + by Rev. Saml. F. Porter ...133.34 + + ------- + + ...179.44 + + + NEBRASKA, $20.95. + +Crete. Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch. ...9.95 + +Nebraska City. Woman's Missionary + Soc. of First Cong. Ch. ...11.00 + + + INDIAN TERR. $3.40. + +Vinita. Cong. Ch. ...3.40 + + + CALIFORNIA, $2,022.80. + +East Los Angeles. J.E. Cushman ...25.00 + +Eureka. First Cong. Ch. ...36.75 + +Powelton. J.E. Lee ...10.00 + +San Francisco. Receipts of the California + Chinese Mission ...1951.05 + + + DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, $20.00. + +Washington. Gen. E. Whittlesey ...20.00 + + + KENTUCKY, $1.66. + +Woodbine, Rev. E.H. Bullock ...1.66 + + + NORTH CAROLINA, $22.74. + +Wilmington. Cong. Ch. ...16.66 + +Wilmington. Miss Hyde's S.S. Class, 3; + Miss Denton's S.S. Class, 1.08; + Mr. Littleton's S.S. Class, 1, + for Rosebud Indian M. ...5.08 + +Troy. S.D. Leak ...1.00 + + + GEORGIA, $2.53. + +Woodville. Rev. J.H.H. Sengstacke ...2.53 + + + CHINA, $20.00. + +Taiku. "Friends" 20.00 + + + JAPAN, $15.00. + +Sendai. Rev. and Mrs. J.H. De Forrest + for Tougaloo U. ...15.00 + + ------- + +Donations $16,302.73 + +Estates ...158.34 + + ---------- + + Total for October $16,461.07 + + ========== + + + +FOR THE AMERICAN MISSIONARY. + +Subscriptions for October ...$20.25 + + * * * * * + +RECEIPTS OF THE CALIFORNIA CHINESE MISSION, + from March 15th, to Sept. 20th, 1888. + E. Palache, Treas. + +FROM LOCAL MISSIONS.--Los Angeles, + Chinese Mon. Off's, 48.30.--Marysville + Chinese Mon. Off's, 32, Chinese Ann. + Mem's, 16; American Ann. Mem's, + 2.--Oakland, Chinese Ann. Mem's, + 26--Oroville, Chinese Mon. Off's, + 10.70. Chinese Ann. Mem's, 20.--Petaluma, + Chinese Mon. Off's, 10, Chinese Ann. + Mem's, 10, American Ann. Mem's. + 8.--Sacramento, Chinese Mon. Off's, 27.50. + Ann. Mem's, 48, Anniversary Coll., 10.75. + In part to const. Rev. W.C. Merrill L.M., + 5. "A Friend," 1.--San Buenaventura, + Chinese Mon. Off's, 55.95.--San Diego, + Chinese Mon Off's, 49.20, Ann. Mem's, + 6.--Santa Barbara, Chinese Mon. Off's, + 26.55, Ann. Mem's, 36. "Gift" 6. N.C. + Pitcher, 5. Mrs. O.D. Metcalf, 1.--Santa + Cruz, Chinese Mon. Off's. 37.70, Ann. + Mem's, 62.60. Cong. Ch. 31.--Stockton, + Chinese Mon. Off's, 11.40.--Tucson + Chinese Mon. Off's, 33. Ann. Mem's, + 30. "Friend," 2 668.65 + +FROM CHURCHES.--Berkeley, Cong. Ch. + 30.10.--Crockett, 2.50.--Highlands, San + Bernardino, 6.10.--Lorin, 3.--Oakland, + Golden Gate, 5.--Pasadena, First, + 22.45, Rio Vista, Church 10. Mrs. A.M. + Gardner, 2.--San Francisco, First, + Miss Mary Perkins, 5, Mrs. Carlton 2. San + Francisco Bethany Church.--AMERICANS.--Ann. + Mem's, 40.50.--F.J. Felt for L.M. + 25,--"Friend" 1.--In part to const. + Rev. E.D. Havan, L.M., 18.75. + CHINESE--Central Mission, Ann. + Mem's, 70. Mon. Off's, 28.95.--Barnes + Mission, Ann. Mem's, 4, Mon. Off's. + 7.60.--West Mission, Ann. Mem's, + 18. Mon. Off's, 19.65. To const. + Miss. Minnie G. Worley. L.M., + 22.--San Mateo, 25.--Saratoga, + 11.--Sonoma, 7.--Westminster, + 10.--Woodland, 12.80 409.40 + +FROM INDIVIDUAL DONORS.--Messrs. + Balfour, Guthrie & Co, 500.--Hon. F.F. + Low, 25.--James M. Haven, 25--Hawley + Bros. Hardware Co. 25.--Charles + Heisen. 25,--Rev. W.N. + Meserve, 5.--Rev. and Mrs. P. Combe, + 5 610.00 + +FROM EASTERN FRIENDS.--Bangor, Me., + Hon. E.R. Burpee, 100.--Belfast, + Me., Miss. E.M. Pond. 5.--Amherst, + Mass., Mrs. R.A. Lester, 100.--Auburndale, + Mass., Julia Pickard, 5.--Stockbride, + Mass., Miss Alice Byington, + 50.--Miss Adele Brewer, 3 262.00 + + -------- + +Total $1,951.05 + + ========= + +H.W. HUBBARD, Treasurer, + 56 Reade St., N.Y. + + + +***END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE AMERICAN MISSIONARY, VOLUME 42, +NO. 12, DECEMBER, 1888*** + + +******* This file should be named 14383.txt or 14383.zip ******* + + +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: +https://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/1/4/3/8/14383 + + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. Special rules, +set forth in the General Terms of Use part of this license, apply to +copying and distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works to +protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm concept and trademark. 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