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diff --git a/old/13713-8.txt b/old/13713-8.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..8bf84a0 --- /dev/null +++ b/old/13713-8.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2344 @@ +The Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes & Queries, No. 30. Saturday, May 25, +1850, by Various + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Notes & Queries, No. 30. Saturday, May 25, 1850 + A Medium Of Inter-Communication For Literary Men, Artists, + Antiquaries, Genealogists, Etc. + + +Author: Various + +Release Date: October 11, 2004 [EBook #13713] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES & QUERIES, NO. 30. *** + + + + +Produced by Jon Ingram, David King, the PG Online Distributed +Proofreading Team and The Internet Library of Early Journals, + + + + + +NOTES AND QUERIES: + +A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES, +GENEALOGISTS, ETC. + + * * * * * + +"When found, make a note of."--CAPTAIN CUTTLE. + + * * * * * + +No. 30.] SATURDAY, MAY 25, 1850 [Price Threepence. Stamped Edition 4d. + + * * * * * {481} + + +CONTENTS + +NOTES:-- + Dr. Johnson and Dr. Warton, by F.H. Markland. 481 + Spenser's Monument. 481 + Borrowed Thoughts, by S.W. Singer. 482 + Folk Lore:--Easter Eggs--A Cure for Warts--Charm + for Wounds--Fifth Son--Cwm Wybir. 482 + Bartholomew Legate, the Martyr. 483 + Bohn's Edition of Milton's Prose Works. 483 + Reprint of Jeremy Taylor's Works. 483 + Dr. Thos. Bever's Legal Polity of Great Britain. 483 + +QUERIES:-- + Dr. Richard Holsworth and Thos. Fuller. 484 + Queries upon Cunningham's Handbook of London. 484 + On a Passage in Macbeth. 484 + Minor Queries:--As throng as Throp's Wife--Trimble + Family--"Brozier." 485 + +REPLIES:-- + The Dodo Queries, by S.W. Singer. 485 + Abbey of St. Wandrille. 486 + Origin of the Word "News." 487 + Replies to Minor Queries:--Dr. Whichcot and Lord + Shaftesbury--Elizabeth and Isabel--Trunck Breeches--Mercenary + Preacher--Abdication of James II.--Toom Shawn Cattie--Wotton's + Poem to Lord Bacon--"My Mind to Me a Kingdom is"--Gesta + Grayorum--Marylebone Gardens--Mother of Thomas à Becket--Dr. + Strode's Poem--Lord Carrington--Esquires + and Gentlemen--Early Inscriptions--American Aborigines--Vox + Populi--Dutch Language--Salting, &c. 488 + +MISCELLANIES:-- + Bishop Burnet as an Historian--Dance Thumbkin--King's + Coffee House--Spur Money. 493 + +MISCELLANEOUS:-- + Notes on Books, Catalogues, Sales, &c. 494 + Books and Odd Volumes wanted. 494 + Notice to Correspondents. 494 + Advertisements. 495 + + * * * * * + + +NOTES + +DR. JOHNSON AND DR. WARTON. + +Amongst the poems of the Rev. Thos. Warton, vicar of Basingstoke, who is +best remembered as the father of two celebrated sons, is one entitled +_The Universal Love of Pleasure_, commencing-- + + "All human race, from China to Peru, + Pleasure, howe'er disguised by art, pursue." + &c. &c. + +Warton died in 1745, and his Poems were published in 1748. + +Johnson's _Vanity of Human Wishes_ appeared in 1749; but Boswell +believes that it was composed in the preceding year. That Poem, as we +well remember, commences thus tamely:-- + + "Let observation with extensive view, + Survey Mankind from China to Peru." + +Though so immeasurably inferior to his own, Johnson may have noticed +these verses of Warton's with some little attention, and unfortunately +borrowed the only prosaic lines in his poem. Besides the imitation +before quoted, both writers allude to Charles of Sweden. Thus Warton +says,-- + + "'Twas hence rough Charles rush'd forth to ruthless war." + +Johnson, in his highly finished picture of the same monarch, says,-- + + "War sounds the trump, he rushes to the field." + +J.H. MARKLAND. + +Bath. + + * * * * * + +SPENSER'S MONUMENT. + +In the _Lives of English Poets_, by William Winstanley (London, printed +by H. Clark for Samuel Manship, 1687), in his account of Spenser, p. +92., he says, "he died anno 1598, and was honourably buried at the sole +charge of Robert, first of that name, Earl of Essex, on whose monument +is written this epitaph:-- + + "Edmundus Spenser, Londinensis, Anglicorum poetarum nostri + seculi fuit princeps, quod ejus Poemata, faventibus Musis, et + victuro genio conscripa comprobant. Obiit immatura morte, anno + salutis 1598, et prope Galfredum Chaucerum conditur, qui + foelicisime Poesin Anglicis literis primus illustravit. In quem + hæc scripta sunt Epitaphia. + + "Hic prope Chaucerum situs est Spenserius, illi + Prominens ingenio, proximum ut tumulo + Hic prope Chaucerum Spensere poeta poetam + Conderis, et versud quam tumulo proprior, + Anglica te vivo vixit, plausitque l'oesis; + Nunc moritura timet, te moriente mori." + +I have also a folio copy of Spenser, printed by Henry Hills for Jonathan +Edwin, London, 1679. In a short life therein printed, it says that he +was buried near Chaucer, 1596; and the frontispiece is an engraving of +his tomb, by E. White, which bears this epitaph:-- + + "Heare lyes (expecting the second comminge of our Saviour, + Christ Jesus) the body of Edmond Spenser, the Prince of Poets in + his tyme, whose Divine spirit needs noe othir witness than the + works which he left behind {482} him. He was borne in London in + the yeare 1510, and died in the yeare 1596." + +Beneath are these lines:-- + + "Such is the tombs the Noble Essex gave + Great Spenser's learned reliques, such his grave: + Howe'er ill-treated in his life he were, + His sacred bones rest honourably here." + +How are these two epitaphs, with their differing dates, to be +reconciled? Can he have been born in 1510, as the first one says "obiit +_immaturâ_ morte?" Now eighty-five is not very immature; and I believe +he entered at Pembroke College, Cambridge, in 1569, at which time he +would be fifty-nine, and that at a period when college education +commenced at an earlier age than now. Vertue's portrait, engraved 1727, +takes as a motto the last two lines of the first epitaph--"Anglica te +vivo," &c. + +E.N.W + +Southwark, April 29 1850. + + * * * * * + +BORROWED THOUGHTS. + +Crenius wrote a dissertation _De Furibus Librariis_, and J. Conrad +Schwarz another _De Plagio Literario_, in which some curious +appropriations are pointed out; your pages have already contained some +additional recent instances. The writers thus pillaged might exclaim, +"Pereant iste qui _post_ nos nostra dixerunt." Two or three instances +have occurred to me which, I think, have not been noticed. Goldsmith's +_Madame Blaize_ is known to be a free version of _La fameuse La +Galisse_. His well-known epigram,-- + + "Here lies poor Ned Purdon, from misery freed," + +is borrowed from the following by the Chevalier de Cailly (or d'Aceilly, +as he writes himself) entitled,-- + + "_La Mort du Sieur Etienne_. + + "Il est au bout de ses travaux, + Il a passé le Sieur Etienne; + En ce monde il eut tant des maux, + Qu'on ne croit pas qu'il revienne." + +Another well-know epigram,-- + + "I do not like thee, Doctor Fell," + +is merely a version of the 33d epigram of the first books of those by +the witty Roger de Bussy, Comte de Rabutin:-- + + "Je ne vous aime pas, Hylas, + Je n'en saurois dire la cause, + Je sais seulement une chose; + C'est que je ne vous aime pas." + +Lastly, Prior's epitaph on himself has its prototype in one long +previously written by or for one John Carnegie:-- + + "Johnnie Carnegie lais heer, + Descendit of Adam and Eve, + Gif ony con gang hieher, + I'se willing gie him leve." + +S.W. SINGER + + * * * * * + +FOLK LORE. + +_Easter Eggs_ (No. 25. p. 397.).--The custom recorded by Brande as being +in use in the North of England in his time, still continues in +Richmondshire. + +_A Cure for Warts_ is practised with the utmost faith in East Sussex. +The nails are cut, the cuttings carefully wrapped in paper, and placed +in the hollow of a pollard ash, concealed from the birds; when the paper +decays, the warts disappear. For this I can vouch: in my own case the +paper did decay, and the warts did all disappear, and, of course, the +effect was produced by the cause. Does the practice exist elsewhere? + +_Charm for Wounds._--Boys, in his _History of Sandwich_, gives, (p. +690.) the following from the Corporation Records, 1568: a woman examined +touching her power to charm wounds who-- + + "Sayesth that she can charme for fyer and skalding in forme as + oulde women do, sayeng 'Owt fyer in frost, in the name of the + Father, the Sonne, and the Holly Ghost;' and she hath used when + the skyn of children do cleve fast, to advise the mother to + annoynt them with the mother's milk and oyle olyfe; and for + skalding to take oyle olyfe only." + +W. DURRANT COOPER. + + +_Fifth Son._--What is the superstition relating to a fifth son? I +should be glad of any illustrations of it. There certainly are instances +in which the fifth son has been the most distinguished scion of the +family. + +W.S.G. + + +_Cwn Wybir, or Cwn Annwn_--_Curlews_ (No. 19. p. 294).--The late +ingenious and well-informed Mr. William Weston Young, then residing in +Glamorgan, gave me the following exposition of these mysterious _Dogs of +the Sky_, or _Dogs of the Abyss_, whose aërial cries at first perplexed +as well as startled him. He was in the habit of traversing wild tracts +of country, in his profession of land surveyor and often rode by night. +One intensely dark night he was crossing a desolate range of hills, when +he heard a most diabolical yelping and shrieking in the air, horrible +enough in such a region and at black midnight. He was not, however, a +superstitious man, and, being an observant naturalist, had paid great +attention to the notes of birds, and the remarkable variations between +the day and night notes of the same species. He suspected these strange +unearthly sounds to be made by some gregarious birds on the wing; but +{483} the darkness was impenetrable, and he gazed upwards in vain. The +noises, meanwhile, were precisely those which he had heard ascribed to +the _Cwn Wybir_, and would have been truly appalling to a superstitious +imagination. His quick ear at length caught the rush of pinions, and, in +a short time, a large flight of curlews came sweeping down to the +heather, so near his head, that some of their wings brushed his hat. +They were no sooner settled, than the _Cwn Wybir_ ceased to be heard. +Mr. Young then recollected having noticed similar nocturnal cries from +the curlew, but had never before encountered such a formidable flying +legion of those birds, screaming in a great variety of keys, amidst +mountain echoes. + +ELIJAH WARING. + + * * * * * + +BARTHOLOMEW LEGATE, THE MARTYR. + +An erroneous date, resting on such authorities as Mr. Hallam and Mr. J. +Payne Collier, deserves a note. The former in his _Const. Hist._ (ii. +275. note, second edition), and the latter in the _Egerton Papers_, +printed for the Camden Society (p. 446.), assigns the date 1614 to the +death of Bartholomew Legate at Smithfield. The latter also gives the +date March 13. Now the true date is March 18, 1611-12, as will appear by +consulting--1. The commissions and warrants for the burning of Legate +and Wightman, inserted in _Truth brought to Light, or the Narrative +History of King James for the first Fourteen Years_, 4to. 1651; 2. +Chamberlain's _Letters to Sir Dudley Carleton_, dated Feb. 26, 1611 +(1611-12), and March 25, 1612, printed in _The Court and Times of James +I._, vol. i. pp. 136. 164.; and 3. Wallace's _Antitrinitarian +Biography_, vol. ii. p. 534. Fuller, in his _Church History_, gives the +correct date, and states that his "burning of heretics much startled +common people;" "wherefore King James politicly preferred that heretics +hereafter, though condemned, should silently and privately waste +themselves away in the prison." + +Legate and Wightman were, in fact, the last martyrs burnt at the stake +in England for their religious opinions. + +A.B.R. + + * * * * * + +BOHN'S EDITION OF MILTON'S PROSE WORKS. + +Three volumes of this edition have already appeared, the last bearing +the date of 1848, and concluding thus:--"End of Vol. III." In the latest +Catalogue, which Mr. Bohn has appended to his publications, appears a +notice of "Milton's Prose Works, _complete_ in 3 vols." This word +_complete_ is not consistent with the words terminating the last volume, +nor with the exact truth. For instance, the History of Britain does not +find a place in this edition; and I can hardly believe that Mr. Bohn +originally intended that the Prose Works of Milton should be issued from +his press without a full index. Without such an index, this edition is +comparatively worthless to the investigator of history. I would +therefore suggest to Mr. Bohn (whose services to literature I most +gratefully acknowledge), that he should render his edition of Milton's +Prose Works _really complete_, by issuing a fourth volume, which _inter +alia_, might contain the _Latin_ prose works of Milton, reprinted in +Fletcher's edition of 1834, together with any omitted English prose work +of the author, and be terminated, as is usual in Mr. Bohn's +publications, with a full alphabetical index, embracing both persons and +things. The lover of historical pursuits would then have _fresh_ reason +to thank Mr. Bohn. + +N. + + * * * * * + +REPRINT OF JEREMY TAYLOR'S WORKS. + +A reprint being called for of vol. iv. of _Bishop Jeremy Taylor's +Works_, now in course of publication, I would beg permission to make it +known to your readers, that assistance in regard to any references which +were not verified in the former edition of that volume would be very +acceptable to me. They should be sent within the next fortnight. + +C. PAGE EDEN. + + * * * * * + +DR. THOMAS BEVER'S LEGAL POLITY OF GREAT BRITAIN. + +I do not know if such a notice as this is intended to be, is admissible +into your publication. + +Many years ago, I bought of a bookseller a MS. intitled "A Short History +of the Legal and Judicial Polity of Great Britain, attempted by Thos. +Bever, LL.D., Advocate in Doctor's Commons, and Fellow of All Souls +College, Oxford, 1759." It is presented to Richard Pennant, Esq.; and +there is a letter from Mr. Bever to Mr. Pennant wafered to the fly-leaf. +At the close of the "Advertisement," the author "earnestly requests that +it [the work] may not be suffered to fall into the hands of a +bookseller, or be copied, without his consent: and whenever it shall +become useless, and lose its value (if any it ever had) with the present +owner, that he will be kind enough to return it to the author if living, +or if dead, to any of his surviving family at Mortimer near Reading, +Berks." + +In pious sympathy with this wish, I more than thirty years since wrote a +letter, addressed to "---- Bever, Esq., Mortimer, near Reading, Berks," +offering to give up the volume to any one entitled to it under the above +description; but my letter was returned from the post office with the +announcement "Not found" upon it. I make this other attempt, if you are +pleased to admit it, through you; and immediate attention will be paid +to any claim which may appear in your pages. + +J.R. + + * * * * * {484} + + +QUERIES. + +DR. RICHARD HOLSWORTH AND THOS. FULLER. + +Can any of your readers inform me who was the author of _The Valley of +Vision_, published in 1651 as the work of Dr. Richard Holsworth, the +Master of Emmanuel College, and Dean of Worcester. In a preface to the +reader, Fuller laments "that so worthy a man should dye issulesse +without leaving any books behind him for the benefit of learning and +religion." He adds that the private notes which he had left behind him +were dark and obscure; his hand being legible only to himself, and +almost useless for any other. The sermon published as _The Valley of +Vision_ appears to have been prepared for publication from the notes of +a short-hand writer. When Fuller published, about eleven years +afterwards, his _Worthies of England_, he wrote thus:-- + + "Pity it is so learned a person left no monuments (save a + sermon) to posterity; for _I behold that posthume work as none + of his, named by the transcriber The Valley of Vision_, a + Scripture expression, but here misplaced.... This I conceived + myself in credit and conscience concerned to observe, because I + was surprised at the _preface_ to the book, and will take the + blame rather than clear myself, when my innocency is complicated + with the accusing of others." + +If, as is probable, Dr. Holsworth, in this instance, preached other +men's sermons, which the short-hand writer afterwards gave to the world +as his, it is a singular fact, that in the preface of this +supposititious volume, Fuller speaks of the abuse of printed sermons by +some-- + + "Who lazily imp their wings with other men's plumes, wherewith + they soar high in common esteeme, yet have not the ingenuity + with that son of the Prophet to confesse, Alasse! it was + borrowed." + +A.B.R. + + * * * * * + +QUERIES UPON CUNNINGHAM'S HANDBOOK OF LONDON. + +We promised to make a few QUERIES on this amusing volume, and thus +redeem our promise. + +Mr. Cunningham has been the first to point out the precise situation of +a spot often mentioned by our old dramatists, which had baffled the +ingenuity of Gifford, Dyce, and in fact of all the commentators,--the +notorious Picthatch. He thus describes it:-- + + "_Picthatch_, or _Pickehatch_.--A famous receptacle for + prostitutes and pickpockets, generally supposed to have been in + _Turnmill Street_, near Clerkenwell Green, but its position is + determined by a grant of the 33rd of Queen Elizabeth, and a + survey of 1649. What _was_ Picthatch is a street at the back of + a narrow turning called Middle Row (formerly Rotten Row) + opposite the Charter-house wall in Goswell Street. The name is + still preserved in 'Pickax Yard' adjoining Middle Row." + +Why then, among the curious illustrations which he has brought to bear +upon the subject, has Mr. Cunningham omitted that of the origin of the +name from the "picks upon the hatch?" which is clearly established both +by Malone and Steevens, in their notes upon "'twere not amiss to keep +our door hatch'd," in Pericles. + +The following is an excellent suggestion as to the origin of the-- + + "_Goat and Compasses._--At Cologne, in the church of Santa Maria + in Capitolio, is a flat stone on the floor professing to be the + Grabstein der Brüder und Schwester eines ehrbaren Wein-und + Fass-Ampts, Anno 1693; that is, as I suppose, a vault belonging + to the Wine Coopers' Company. The arms exhibit a shield with a + pair of compasses, an axe, and a dray, or truck, with goats for + supporters. In a country like England, dealing so much at one + time in Rhenish wine, a more likely origin for such a sign could + hardly be imagined. For this information I am indebted to the + courtesy of Sir Edmund Head." + +Can Mr. Cunningham, Sir E. Head, or any of our correspondents point out +any German "Randle Holme" whose work may be consulted for the purpose of +ascertaining the arms, &c. of the various professions, trades, &c. of +that country? + +Why has not Mr. Cunningham, in his description of _St. James' Street_, +mentioned what certainly existed long after the commencement of the +present century, the occasional "steps" which there were in the +foot-path--making the street a succession of terraces. This fact renders +intelligible the passage quoted from Pope's letter to Mr. Pearse, in +which he speaks of "y'e second Terras in St. James' Street." Why, too, +omit that characteristic feature of the street, the rows of _sedan +chairs_ with which it was formerly lined? The writer of this perfectly +remembers seeing Queen Charlotte in her sedan chair, going from the +Queen's Library in the Green Park to Buckingham House. + +Mr. Cunningham states, we dare say correctly, that Sheridan died at No. +17 Saville Row. We thought he had died at Mr. Peter Moore's, in Great +George Street, Westminster. Was he not living there shortly before his +death? and did not his funeral at Westminster Abbey proceed from Mr. +Moore's? + + * * * * * + +ON A PASSAGE IN MACBETH. + +If any of your correspondents would favour me, I should like to be +satisfied with respect to the following passage in Macbeth; which, as at +present punctuated, is exceedingly obscure:-- + + "If it were done, when 'tis done, then 'twere well + It were done quickly: If the assassination + Could trammel up the consequence, and catch, + With his surcease, success; that but this blow + Might be the be-all and the end-all here, {485} + But here, upon this bank and shoal of time,-- + We'd jump the life to come." + +Now, I think by altering the punctuation, the sense of the passage is at +once made apparent, as thus,-- + + "If it were done when 'tis done then 'twere well. + It were done quickly, if the assassination + Could trammel up the consequence, and catch, + With his surcease, success, that but this blow + Might be the be-all and the end all here," &c. + +but to make use of a paradox, it is _not_ done when it _is_ done; for +this reason, there is the conscience to torment the evil-doer while +living, and the dread of punishment in another world after death: the +"bank and shoal of time" refers to the interval between life and death, +and to "_jump_" the life to come is to _hazard_ it. The same thought +occurs in _Hamlet_, when he alludes to-- + + "That undiscovered country, from whose bourne + No traveller returns." + +But that is clear enough, as in all probability the annotators left the +passage as they found it. I have not the opportunity of consulting Mr. +Collier's edition of Shakespeare, so that I am unaware of the manner in +which he renders it; perhaps I ought to have done so before I troubled +you. Possibly some of your readers may be disposed to coincide with me +in the "new reading;" and if not, so to explain it that it may be shown +it is my own obscurity, and not Shakespeare's, with which I ought to +cavil. + +I have witnessed many representations of _Macbeth_, and in every +instance the passage referred to has been delivered as I object to it: +but that is not to be wondered at, for there are professed admirers of +Shakspeare among actors who read him _not_ as if they understood him, +but who are-- + + "Full of sound and fury, signifying nothing." + +G. BLINK. + + * * * * * + +MINOR QUERIES. + +_As throng as Throp's Wife._--As I was busy in my garden yesterday, a +parishioner, whose eighty-two years of age render her a somewhat +privileged person to have a gossip with, came in to speak to me. With a +view to eliciting material for a Note or a Query, I said to her, "You +see I am _as throng as Throp's wife_;" to which she replied, "Aye, Sir, +and _she_ hanged herself in the dishcloth." The answer is new to me; but +the proverb itself, as well as the one mentioned by "D.V.S." (No. 24. p. +382.) "As lazy as Ludlum's dog, &c.," has been an especial object of +conjecture to me as long as I can remember. I send this as a pendant to +"D.V.S.'s" Query, in hopes of shortly seeing the origin of _both_ these +curious sayings. + +J.E. + +Ecclesfield, Sheffield, April 19. 1850. + + +_Trimble Family._--In a MS. account of the Fellows of King's I find the +following:-- + + "1530.--Rich. Trimble, a very merry fellow, the fiddle of the + society, who called him 'Mad Trimble.' M. Stokes of 1531 wrote + this distich on him:-- + + 'Os, oculi, mentum, dens, guttur, lingua, palatum + Sunt tibi; sed nasus, Trimbale, dic ubi sit?' + + By which it appears he had a very small nose; and this day, July + 13, 1739, I hear that there is one Mr. R. Trimble of an English + family, an apothecary at Lisburn in Ireland, who is remarkable + for the same." + +As "NOTES AND QUERIES" circulate in Ireland, are there any of the family +of "Trimble" now in that country, and are they distinguished by any such +peculiarity? + +J.H.L. + + +_The Word "Brozier."_--my brother Etonians will feelingly recollect the +word "Brozier," used by the boys for nearly a century to denote any one +who had spent his pocket-money; an event of very frequent occurrence +shortly after the holidays. There were also sometimes attempts made to +"_brozier my dame_," in case a suspicion had arisen that the good lady's +larder was not too well supplied. The supper table was accordingly +cleared of all the provisions, and a further stock of eatables +peremptorily demanded. + +I spell the word "brozier" as it is still pronounced; perhaps some of +your readers have seen it in print, and may be able to give some account +of its origin and etymology, and decide whether it is exclusively +belonging to Eton. + +BRAYBROOKE. + +April 14. + + * * * * * + + +REPLIES. + +THE DODO QUERIES. + +There is no mention of the Solitaire as inhabiting Bourbon, either in +Père Brown's letter or in the _Voyage de l'Arabic Heureuse_, from whence +the notice of the Oiseau Bleu was extracted. I have since seen Dellon, +_Rélation d'un Voyage des Indes Orientales_, 2 vols. 12mo. Paris, 1685, +in which there is a brief notice of the Isle of Bourbon or Mascarin; but +neither the Dodo, the Solitaire, or the Oiseau Bleu are noticed. The +large Bat is mentioned, and the writer says that the French who were on +the island did not eat it, but only the Indians. He also notices the +tameness of the birds, and says that the Flammand, with its long neck, +is the only bird it was necessary to use a gun against, the others being +readily destroyed with a stick or taken by hand. + +Mr. Strickland's correction of the error about the monumental evidence +of the discovery of Bourbon by the Portuguese, in 1545, will aid +research into the period at which it was first visited and named; but my +stock of Portuguese literature is but small, and not all of it +accessible {486} to me at present. In the meantime it may be acceptable +to Mr. Strickland to know, that there is a detailed account of +Portuguese discoveries in a book whose title would hardly indicate it, +in which one passage will probably interest him. I allude to the rare +and interesting folio volume printed at Lisbon in 1571. _De Rebus +Emanuelis Regis Lusitanie, invictissimi Virtute et Auspicio Gestis, +auctore Hieronymo Osorio Episcopo Silvensis_. These annals embrace the +period from 1495 to 1529. In narrating the principal events of Vasco de +Gama's first voyage, after he had rounded the Cape of Good Hope on the +25th November, 1497, steering to the east along the southern coast of +Africa, the vessels anchor in the bay of St. Blaize, where-- + + "In intimo sinu est parva quædam Insula, ad quam nostri aquandi + gratia naves-appulerunt. Ibi phocarum armenta conspexere + admiranda quædam multitudine. In quibus inerat tanta feritas et + truculentia, ut in homines irruerent. AVES etiam eo in loco visæ + sunt, quas incolas apellant SOLTICARIOS, pares anscribus + magnitudine: plumis minime vestiuntur, alas habent similes alis + verspertionum: volare nequeunt, sed explicatis alarum membranis, + cursum celeritate summa conficiunt." + +The islet was probably that of _La Cruz_; but what were the birds? and +what was the indigenous name which is represented by _Solticarios_? It +is possible that some of your correspondents may be familiar with the +original narration which Osorio follows, or Mr. Strickland may be able +to solve the question. + +I may just remark, that my observation respecting the improbability of +Tradescant's stuffed specimen having been a fabrication could hardly be +considered superfluous, seeing that some naturalists, Dr. Gray, I +believe, among others, had suggested that it most probably was one. + +S.W. SINGER. + +May 3. 1850. + + * * * * * + +ABBEY OF ST. WANDRILLE. + +In reply to the Vicar of Ecclesfield (No. 24. p. 382.), I am sorry to +say that the "Chronicle of the Abby of St. Wandrille," to which I +alluded (No. 21. p. 338.), contains nothing relating to the subject of +his inquiry. The Abbey of Fontanelle, or St. Wandrille, was founded A.D. +645; and this chronicle contains a very concise account of a few only of +its abbots and most celebrated members, down to the year 834: written, +it is supposed, by a cotemporary of Ansegisus, the last abbot therein +mentioned. It is followed by an appendix containing a compilation from a +book on miracles wrought in the translation of the body of St. Wilfran, +by an "eye-witness," which also recounts incidentally some of the acts +of the abbots of St. Wandrille to the year 1053. Acheri speaks of +persons who had been long engaged in collecting memorials of the history +of this abbey up to the time of his writing, 1659. Whether these have +ever been published, I have not the means at this moment of +ascertaining. Some account of this abbey, with views of its ruins, will +be found in that splendid work, _Voyages dans L'Ancienne France_, by +Nodier, &c., vol. i. + +The following notes from this chronicle may not be without interest, as +showing an early connection between the abbey and this country, and our +attachment to the See of Rome. + +Chapter V. is devoted to the praise of BAGGA, a monk and presbyter of +this abbey, who is said to have been "ex Britanniâ Oceani insula +Saxonico ex genere ortus." He died, and was buried in the abbey, between +the years 707 and 723; on which occasion the Abbot Benignus is said to +have exclaimed, "O signifer fortissime Christi militiæ BAGGA, nunc +mercedem laborum lætus accipis tuorum. Deprecare ipsum benignum Dominum, +ut unà tecum mereamur gaudere consortiis justorum per ævum." Here is a +prayer not for, but _to_ the dead. + +During the presidency of AUSTRULPHUS (ch. 13.), which began in 747 and +ended in 753, a certain receptacle, in the form of a small _pharos_, was +driven ashore in the district of Coriovallum, which contained a very +fair copy of the four Gospels, beautifully written in Roman characters +on the purest vellum; and part of the precious jaw of St. George the +Martyr, as well as a portion of the "health-bearing" wood of the true +cross, duly labelled. The acquisition of this treasure was of course +ascribed to the immediate interposition of God. And as about the same +period the head of St. George was discovered at Rome, through the +intervention of Pope Zachary, it was conjectured that this pontiff had +given the wonder-working relic to some venerable men from _Britain_, a +country described as being "always on the most intimate footing (_maximè +familiares_) with the Apostolic See;" and that, these being wrecked on +their voyage home, or through some other adventure, the said treasure +was providentially driven ashore at Coriovallum. + +Chapter XV. gives us an account of GERVOLDUS, who ruled this abbey +eighteen years, dying A.D. 806. He had been ambassador from Charlemagne +to Offa, King of Mercia. The son of Charlemagne demanded the daughter of +Offa in marriage, who refused his consent, unless his own son should +receive the hand of Bertha, the daughter of the French king. Charles, in +consequence, inhibited the subjects of Offa from trading on the French +coast. This inhibition was, however, withdrawn through the mediation of +the Abbot Gervoldus, who seems to have been in great favour with +Charles. + +I need hardly say, that throughout the chronicle there is a tolerable +sprinkling of the marvellous. {487} I give you the following as a +warning to all dishonest bell-founders. + +The pious builder of a church being desirous, according to custom, of +putting a bell in the turret, engaged a skillful craftsman to carry into +effect his design. This man, "at the instigation of the devil," stole +some of the metal with which he had been furnished for the work; and the +bell was, in consequence, mis-shapen and of small size. It was, however, +placed in the turret; but, as a divine punishment for his crime, +whenever the bell was struck, the dishonest founder was thereupon seized +with frenzy, uttering strange words and barking like a dog! + +GASTROS. + + * * * * * + +ORIGIN OF THE WORD "NEWS." + +I have great respect for "Mr. SAMUEL HICKSON," but I cannot treat his +derivation of the word "News" with any respect (No. 27. p. 428.). I wish +"Mr. HICKSON" had been a little more modest in his manner of propounding +his novelty. Can any thing be more dogmatic than his assertions? which I +will recapitulate as much as possible in his own words, before I proceed +to deal with them. + +1. "I have never had the least doubt that this word is derived +immediately from the German." + +2. "It is, in fact, 'das Neue' in the genitive case;" and "Mr. H." +proceeds to mention the German phrase, "Was giebt's Neues?" as giving +the exact sense of our "What is the news?" [which cannot be gainsaid; +but I shall have a word to say presently about _neues_ in that phrase +being the genitive case.] + +3. "That the word is not derived from the English adjective 'new,'--that +it is not of English manufacture at all--I feel well assured." + +4. "In that case '_s_' would be the sign of the plural; and we should +have, as the Germans have, either extant or obsolete, also 'the new.'" +[I do not see the _sequitur_.] + +5 "'News' is a noun singular, and as such must have been adopted bodily +into the language." + +Such are "Mr. HICKSON's" principal assertions: and when I add, that he +has found out that the German "neu" was in olden time spelt "new," so +that the genitive, "newes," was identical with the old form of the +English word "news;" and that he explains the transformation of a +genitive case of a German adjective into an English substantive by +English ignorance, which he further thinks is exemplified by the Koran +having been called "the Alkoran," in ignorance of "_Al_" meaning "the," +I have given not only all of his assertions, but also the whole of his +argument. + +I now proceed to assert on my part that the word "news" is not "derived +immediately from the German," and "has not been adopted bodily into our +language;" that the English "new" and German "neu" have, however, of +course the same origin, their common root being widely spread in other +languages, as [Greek: neos], Gr.; _norus_, Lat.; _neuf_, Fr., &c.; that +"news" is a noun of plural form and plural meaning, like _goods_, +_riches_, &c.; that its peculiar and frequent use is quite sufficient to +account for its having come to be used as a singular noun ("riches," by +the way, may be prefixed sometimes to a singular verb, as "riches is a +cause of corruption"); that Mr. HICKSON might as well say that "goods" +is derived immediately from "gutes," the genitive of "gut;" and "riches" +from "reiches," the genitive of "reich:" and also that if "_s_" in +"goods," and "_es_" in "riches" are signs of the plural, "we should +have, as the Germans have, either extant or obsolete," the "good," "the +rich," (not that I quite understand this part of "Mr. HICKSON's" +argument): and, lastly, I assert that I believe that _Neues_, in the +phrase "Was giebt's Neues?" is not the genitive, but the nominative +neuter, so that the phrase is to be literally translated "What is there +new?" + +As regards the derivation of "News," I wish you had allowed the question +to rest as it stood after the sensible remarks of "A.E.B." (No. 23. p. +369.). Pray excuse me, Sir, for expressing a hope that you will ponder +well before you again allow us to be puzzled on so plain a subject, and +give circulation and your sanction to paradoxes, even though coming from +one so entitled to attention as "Mr. HICKSON." + +The early communication between the English and German languages, of +which "Mr. HICKSON" puts forward the derivation of "news" from "neues" +as an instance, may be an interesting and profitable subject of inquiry; +but as I think he has been singularly unfortunate in the one instance, +so I do not think him particularly happy in his other. I see no further +resemblance between Heywood's "Song in praise of his Mistress," and the +early German poem, than what _might_ arise from treatment of the same +and a very common subject. + +I am not enough of an etymologist to give you the root of the word +"noise." But my faith in "Mr. HICKSON" in this capacity is not strong +enough to lead me to believe, on his dictum, that "news" and "noise" are +the same word; and when, pursuing his fancy about "neues," he goes on to +say that "noise" is "from a dialect from which the modern German +pronunciation of the dipthong is derived," I fear his pronunciation of +German is faulty, if he pronounces _eu_ in "Neues" like _oi_ in "noise." + + [We differ from our correspondent on this point, and think that + here, at all events, Mr. HICKSON has the advantage of the + argument.] + +I beg to repeat that for "Mr. HICKSON" I feel great respect. If he knew +my name, he would probably know nothing about me; but I happen {488} to +know of him, what perhaps, some of your readers do not, that he has +unostentatiously rendered many considerable services not only to +literature but to our social and political interests. In my humble +opinion, his recent essay in your columns on _The Taming of the Shrew_ +is a contribution to our literary history which you may be proud of +having published. But I feel that I cannot too strongly protest against +his derivation of "News." + +CH. + + * * * * * + +REPLIES TO MINOR QUERIES. + +_Dr. Whichcot and Lord Shaftesbury_ (No. 24. p. 382., No. 27. p. +444.).--I am obliged to "COLL. REGAL. SOCIUS" for his notice of my +inquiry. The Lord Chamberlain and Chancellor of Cambridge University +mentioned in Lord Lauderdale's letter to Dr. Whichcot, is the Earl of +Manchester. Shaftesbury was never either Lord Chamberlain or Chancellor +of Cambridge. + +I may mention that Whichcot's intimacy with Lord Shaftesbury would +probably have been brought about by his being incumbent of the church of +St. Lawrence Jewry, Shaftesbury having his London house in the latter +part of his life in Aldersgate Street. + +If it is not committing unpardonable trespass on that useful part of +your publication in which books and odd volumes are asked for, I will go +on to say that I should be glad to have a copy of the volume of +Whichcot's _Sermons_ (1698) which the third Lord Shaftesbury edited, at +a reasonable price. + +CH. + + +_Elizabeth and Isabel_ (No. 27. p. 439.).--Mr. Thomas Duffus Hardy, in +his evidence on the Camoys Peerage case (June 18. 1838, Evidence, p. +351.) proved that the names of Isabella and Elizabeth were in ancient +times used indifferently, and particularly in the reigns of Edward I. +and Edward III. Mr. Hardy says in his evidence:-- + + "In the British Museum there is a Latin letter of Elizabeth of + Austria, Queen of Charles IX. of France, to Queen Elizabeth of + England. In the Latin she is called Elizabetha, and she signs + her name Ysabel. In the _Chronicle de St. Denis_, in the year + 1180, it is stated, 'Le jor martmes espousa la noble Roine + Ysabel,' 'Upon this day, Queen Elizabeth was married;' and in + _Rigordus de Gestis Philippi Augusti Regis Francois_ it is + stated, 'Tune inuncta fuit Elizabeth uxor ejus venerabilis + foemina;' and Moreri says she is called 'Elizabeth or Izabeau de + Hainault, Queen of France, wife of Philippe Auguste.' Camden, in + his _Remains_, says, 'Isabel is the same as Elizabeth;' that the + Spaniards always translate Elizabeth into Isabel, and the French + into Izabeau. I have seen in the British Museum a deed, in which + the name Elizabetha is written in Latin; on the seal it is + Isabella. In the _Inquisitiones post Mortem_ I have frequently + seen Ysabella returned in one country and Elizabetha in an other + for the same person. I have something like a dozen other + instances from Moreri, in which he says that Elizabeth and + Isabella or Isabeau are the same. Elizabeth or Izabeau de + France, dau. of Lewis VIII. and Blanche of Castella; Elizabeth + or Isabelle d'Aragon, Queen of France, wife of Philippe III., + surnamed le Hardie; Elizabeth or Isabeau de Bavière, Queen of + France, wife of Charles VI.; Elizabeth or Isabeau d'Angoulême, + wife of King John of England; Elizabeth or Isabeau de France, + Queen of England, dau. of Philippe IV.; Elizabeth or Isabelle of + France, Queen of Richard II.; Elizabeth or Isabelle de France, + Queen of Navarre; Elizabeth or Isabelle de Valois, dau. of + Charles of France; Elizabeth or Isabelle de France, dau. of + Philippe le Long, King of France; Elizabeth or Isabelle de + France, Duchess of Milan; Elizabeth or Isabelle, Queen of + Philippe V. of Spain." + +WM. DURRANT COOPER. + +81. Guildford Street, May 4. 1850. + + + +_Elizabeth--Isabel._--The Greek word [Greek: Elisabet] (Luke, i. 5. &c.) +from which Elizabeth, or _Elisabeth_, must have been adopted as a +Christian name, is used by the LXX. (Exodus, vi. 23.) to express the +Hebrew [Hebrew: Elisheba], the name of Aaron's wife. This at once +directs us to the verb [Hebrew: shaba], or rather to its Niphal, +[Hebrew: nishba], for the _Kal_ form does not occur, _to swear_; for the +combination of letters in [Hebrew: el isshaba], _God will swear_, or +_God sweareth_, is the same as that in the proper name. Now let us +transpose the verb and its nominative case, and we have [Hebrew: ishaba +el], which a Greek translator might soften into [Greek: Isabel]. + +The use of [Greek: Elisabet] both by the LXX. and the Evangelist, makes +it probable that the mother of John the Baptist, who was _of the +daughters of Aaron_ (Luke, i. 5.), was known amongst her own people by +the recognized and _family_ name of _Elisheba_, as _Anna_ no doubt would +be _Hannah_ ([Hebrew: hanah]), and _Mary, Miriam_ ([Greek: Mariam], +Luke, i. 27.). And this is confirmed by the Syriac version, the +vernacular, or nearly so, of Our Blessed Lord and His disciples, which +has [Syriac: elisheba]. + +Genesius, in his _Lexicon_, explains Elisheba to mean "cui Deus est +sacramentum," "quæ jurat per Deum, i.e. Dei cultrix: cf. Is. xix. 18." I +should rather take it to be a name expressive of trust in God's promises +or oath, such as _Elijah_, "the LORD is my God;" _Isaiah_, "the LORD is +my salvation;" _Ezekiel_, "God strengtheneth." Schleusner (_Lex. N.T._) +says that others derived it from [Hebrew: saba], _saturavit_; "sic in +Alberti _Gloss. N.T._, p. 87. explicatur, [Greek: Theou mou +plaesmonae]." Wolfius, in his note on Luke, i. 5., refers to Witsii +_Miscellanea_, tom. ii. p. 478., to which I must refer your +correspondent "A.C.," as I have not the book by me. + +Camden must, of course, have derived the name {489} from [Hebrew: +shabath], _to rest_; but I think we must rather defer to the authority +of the LXX. And though [Hebrew: el ishaboth] may give us _Elisabeth_, we +shall not be able to deduce _Isabel_ from [Hebrew: ishboth el] quite so +easily. + +B. + +L ---- Rectory, S ----, May 4. 1850. + + +_Trunck Breeches_ (No. 24. p. 384.), more commonly called "trunk-hose," +were short wide breeches reaching a little above, or sometimes below the +knees, stuffed with hair, and striped. (See _The Oxford Manual for +Brasses_, p. cvi.; and Planche's _British Costume_, pp. 334-339. new +ed.) Two years ago, I saw in the Strand an old man with a _queue_; a +sight which I made a note of as soon as I got home, influenced by the +same motive that, no doubt, led Smith in 1640 to append to the death of +"old Mr. Grice" the remark, "who wore truncke breeches," namely, the +antique singularity of the habiliment. + +ARUN. + + +_Mercenary Preacher_ (No. 24. p. 384.).--I think mercenary here is used +in its primary signification, and in the sense in which we still apply +it to troops in the pay of a state foreign to their own; to designate +one who, having no settled cure, was at liberty to be "hired" by those +who had occasion for his services. + +ARUN. + + +_Abdication of James the Second_ (No. 3. p. 40.).--"J.E." would probably +hear of the MSS. mentioned by Sir Harris Nicholas, on application to the +Rev. Sir Thomas Miller, Bart., Froyle, near Alton, Hants. + +E.W. +Clifton. + + +_Toom Shawn Cattie_ (No. 24. p. 383.).--An entertaining volume, +containing the life and adventures of Twm Sion Catti, was published at +Biulth some years ago, by Mr. Jeffery Llewelyn Prichard, who recently +told me it was out of print, and that inquiries had been made for the +book which might probably lead to a new and improved edition. + +ELIJAH WARING. +Dowry Parade, Clifton. + + +_Wotton's Poem to Lord Bacon_ (No. 19. p. 302.).--The poem communicated +by Dr. Rimbault, with the heading, "To the Lord Bacon when falling from +Favour," and with the remark that he does "not remember to have seen it +in print," was written by Sir Henry Wotton, and may be found under the +title, "Upon the sudden restraint of the _Earl of Somerset_, then +falling from Favour," in all the old editions of the _Reliquiæ +Wottonianæ_ (1651, 1654, 1672, and 1685), as well as in the modern +editions of Sir Henry's poems, by Mr. Dyce and Mr. Hannah. It was also +printed as Wotton's in Clarke's _Aurea Legenda_, 1682, p. 97., and more +recently in Campbell's _Specimens_, in both cases, doubtless, from _Rel. +Wotton_. The misapplication of it to Lord Bacon's fall dates from an +unauthorised publication in 1651, which misled Park in his edition of +Walpole's _Royal and Noble Authors_, ii. 208. In stanza 3. line 2. of +Dr. Rimbault's copy, "burst" should be "trust." + +R.A. + + +"_My Mind to Me a Kingdom is_" (No. 19. p. 302.).--The following note, +from the Introduction to Mr. Hannah's edition of the Poems of Sir H. +Wotton and Sir Walter Raleigh, 1845, p. lxv., will answer Dr. Rimbault's +Query, and also show that a claim had been put in for Sir E. Dyer before +Mr. Singer's very valuable communication to "NOTES AND QUERIES," p. 355. + + "There are three copies of verses on that model; two of which, + viz., one of four stanzas and another of size, were printed by + Byrd in 1588. They have been reprinted from his text in _Cens. + Lit_ ii. 108-110, and _Exc. Tudor_, i. 100-103. Percy inserted + them in the _Reliques_ with some alterations and additions; but + he changed his mind more than once as to whether they were two + distinct poems, or only the discovered parts of one (see i. + 292-294. 303., ed. 1767; and i. 307-310. ed. 1839). The third + (containing four stanzas) is among Sylvester's _Posthumous + Poems_ p. 651.; and Ellis reprinted it under his name. In _Cens. + Lit._ ii. 102., another copy of it is given from a music book by + Gibbons, 1612. Now the longest, and apparently the earliest of + these poems is signed 'E. DIER,' in MS. Rawl. Poet. 35., fol. + 17. That copy contains _eight_ stanzas, and one of the two which + are not in Byrd corresponds with a stanza which Percy added. The + following are the reasons which incline us to trust this + MS.:--(1.) Because it is the very MS. to which reference is + commonly made for several of Dyer's unprinted poems, as by Dr. + Bliss, _A.O._ i. 743.; and apparently by Mr. Dyce, ed. of + Greene, i. p. xxxv. n.; and by Park, note on Warton, iii. 230. + Park is the only person I can recollect who has mentioned this + particular poem in the MS., and he cannot have read more than + the first line, for he only says, 'one of them bears the popular + burden of "My mind to me a kingdom is."' (2.) Because it is + quite impossible that Dyer wrote many extant poems, of which he + is not known to be the author; for, as Mr. Dyce says, none of + his (_acknowledged_) productions 'have descended to our times + that seem to justify the contemporary applause which he + received.' (3.) Because I cannot discover that there is any + other claimant to this poem. One of Greene's poems ends with the + line, + + 'A mind content both crown and kingdom is.'" + + (_Works_, ii. 288., ed. Dyce.) + +It will be observed that no mention is here made of the copy in Breton's +tract; therefore this summary gains from both the correspondents of +"NOTES AND QUERIES"--an addition from the one, a corroboration from the +other. + +R.A. + + +_Gesta Grayorum_ (No. 22. p. 351.).--"J.S." is informed that copies of +the _Gesta Grayorum_ are by no means uncommon. It was originally printed +{490} for _one shilling_; but the bibliomaniac must now pay from +_twenty_ to _thirty shillings_ for a copy. The original, printed in +1688, does not contain the second part, which was published by Mr. +Nichols for the first time. Copies are in the Bodleian, and in the +University Library, Cambridge. + +EDWARD F. RIMBAULT. + + +_Marylebone Gardens_ (No. 24. p. 383.).--These gardens were finally +closed in 1777-8. It is not generally known that, previous to the year +1737, this "fashionable" place of amusement was entered _gratis_ by all +ranks of people; but the company becoming more "select," Mr. Gough, the +proprietor, determined to charge a shilling as entrance money, for which +the party paying was to receive an equivalent in viands. + +EDWARD F. RIMBAULT. + + +_Mother of Thomas à Becket_ (No. 26. p. 415.).--An inspection of some of +the numerous legends touching the blessed martyr, St. Thomas of +Canterbury, would probably supply many interesting particulars +concerning the story of his father's romantic marriage. But the most +important narrative is that of Herbert Bosham, Becket's secretary, who, +it will be remembered, was present at his martyrdom. Bosham's _Vita et +Res Gestæ Thomæ Episcopi Cantuariensis_ is published in the +_Quadrilogus_, Paris, 1495. Consult also the French translation of Peter +Langtoft, and the English one by Laurence Wade, a Benedictine monk of +Canterbury. Robert of Gloucester's metrical _Legend of the Life and +Martyrdom of Thomas Beket_, published by the Percy Society, under the +editorial care of Mr. W.H. Black, fully confirms the "romance;" as also +do the later historians, Hollingshed, Fox, and Baker. + +EDWARD F. RIMBAULT. + + +_Dr. Strode's Poem_ (no. 10. p. 147.).--Dr. Strode's poem, beginning-- + + "Return my joys, and hither bring--" + +which Dr. Rimbault does "not remember to have seen in print," is in +Ellis's _Specimens_, iii. 173. ed. 1811. He took it from _Wit Restored_, +p. 66. ed. 1658, or i. 168. reprint. It is the second poem mentioned by +Dr. Bliss, _A.O._ iii. 152., as occurring with Strode's name in MS. +Rawl. 142. + +R.A. + + +"_All to-broke_" (No. 25. p. 395.).--Surely the explanation of Judges, +ix. 53, is incorrect. Ought not the words to be printed "and all-to +brake his scull," where "all-to" = "altogether"? + +R.A. + + +_Woolton's Christian Manual_ (No. 25. p. 399.).--There is a copy in the +Grenville Collection. + +NOVUS. + + +_Tract by F.H._ (No. 25. p. 400.).--"J.E." may advance his knowledge +about F.H. slightly, by referring to Herbert's _Ames_, p. 1123. + +NOVUS. + + +_Duke of Marlborough_ (No. 26. p. 415.).--Your correspondent "BURIENSIS" +is referred to the Trial of William Barnard, Howell's _State Trials_, +xix. 815-846.; the case of Rex _v._ Fielding, Esq., Burrow's _Reports_, +ii. 719. and Lounger's _Common Place Book_, tit. Barnard, William. The +greater part of this latter article is in Leigh Hunt's _One Hundred +Romances of Real Life_, No. 1. + +C.H. COOPER. +Cambridge, April 29. 1850. + + ["C.I.R." refers "BURIENSIS" to Burke's _Celebrated Trials + connected with the Aristocracy_, London, 1848; and "J.P. Jun." + refers to Leigh Hunt's _London Journal_, No. 1. p. 5., No. 3. p. + 24.] + + +_Lord Carrington or Karinthon_ (No. 27. p. 440.).--The nobleman about +whom "C." inquires, was Sir Charles Smith, created an English baron 19 +Charles I., by the title of Lord Carrington, and afterwards advanced to +the dignity of an Irish Viscount under the same name. These honours were +conferred upon him for his services to the King in the time of his +majesty's great distresses. + +On the 20th Feb., 1655, whilst travelling in France, Lord Carrington was +barbarously murdered by one of his servants for the sake of his money +and jewels, and buried at Pontoise. (Bankes' _Dormant and Extinct +Peerage_, vol. iii. p. 155.) The title became extinct circiter 1705. + +BRAYBOOKE. + + +Lord Monson presents his compliments to the Editor of "NOTES AND +QUERIES," and has the pleasure of answering a Query contained in this +day's Number, p. 440.; and takes the liberty of adding another. + +The English nobleman murdered at Pontoise was Charles Smith, Viscount +Carrington of Barrefen, Ireland, and Baron Carrington of Wotton Warem, +co. Warwick; the date in the pedigrees of the murder is usually given +1666, probably March 1665-6. + +The last Lord Carrington died 17 May, 1706: the estates of Wotton came +to Lewis Smith, who married Eliz., daughter of William Viscount Monson, +and relict of Sir Philip Hungate. His son Francis Smith Carrington died +in 1749, and left one daughter and heir. What relation was Lewis Smith +to the Smiths Lord Carrington? No pedigree gives the connection. + +Dover, May 4. 1850. + + ["J.M.W." has kindly answered this Query; so also has "W.M.T.," + who adds, "Lord Carrington, previously Sir Charles Smith, + brother to Sir John Smith, who fell on the King's side at + Alresford in 1644, being Commissary-General of the Horse. By the + way, Bankes says it was his _son_ John who fell at Alresford, + but it is more likely to have been, as Clarendon states, his + brother, unless he lost there both a brother and a son."] {491} + + +_Esquires and Gentlemen._--I would ask your correspondent (No. 27. p. +437.), whether he has ascertained _the grounds of distinction_ made in +the seventeenth and in the early part of the eighteenth century, between +_esquires_ and _gentlemen_, when both were landed proprietors? We find +lists of names of governors of hospitals, trustees, &c., where this +distinction is made, and which, apparently, can only be accounted for on +this ground, that the estates of the gentleman were smaller in extent +than those of the esquire; and, consequently, that the former was so far +a person of less consideration. Had the bearing of coat armour, or a +connection with knighthood, any thing to do with the matter? + +J.H. MARKLAND. +Bath, May. + + +_Early Inscriptions._--The excellent remarks by "T.S.D." on "Arabic +Numerals, &c." (No. 18. p. 279.) have put me in mind of two cases which +in some degree confirm the necessity for his caution respecting +pronouncing definitively on the authenticity of old inscriptions, and +especially those on "Balks and Beams" in old manorial dwellings. The +house in which I spent the greater portion of my youth was a mansion of +the olden time, whose pointed gables told a tale of years; and whose +internal walls and principal floors, both below and above stairs, were +formed of "raddle and daub." It had formerly belonged to a family of the +name of Abbot; but the "last of the race" was an extravagant libertine, +and after spending a handsome patrimonial estate, ended his days as a +beggar. Abbot House was evidently an ancient structure; but +unfortunately, as tradition stated, a stone, bearing the date of its +erection, had been carelessly lost during some repairs. However, in my +time, on the white wainscot of a long lobby on the second floor, the +initials, "T.H. 1478," were distinctly traced in black paint, and many +persons considered this as nothing less than a "true copy" of the lost +inscription. Subsequent inquiry, however, finally settled the point; for +the inscription was traced to the rude hand of one of the workmen +formerly employed in repairing the building, who naively excused himself +by declaring that he considered it "a pity so old a house should be +without a year of our Lord." + +The second instance is that of the occurrence of "four nearly straight +lines" on one of the compartments of a fine old font in Stydd Church, +near Ribchester, which many visitors have mistaken for the date "1178." +A closer scrutiny, however, soon dispels the illusion; and a comparison +of this with similar inscriptions on the old oak beams of the roof, soon +determines it to be nothing more than a rude, or somewhat defaced, +attempt to exhibit the sacred monogram "I.H.S." + +J.W. +Burnley, April 27. 1850. + + +_American Aborigines called Indians_ (No. 16. p. 254.).--I believe the +reason is that the continent in which they live passed under the name of +_India_, with the whole of the New World discovered at the close of the +fifteenth century. It is, of course, unnecessary to dwell upon the fact +of Columbus believing he had discovered a new route to India by sailing +due west; or upon the acquiescence of the whole world in that idea, the +effects of which have not yet passed away; for we not only hear in +Seville, even now, of the "India House" meaning house of management of +affairs for the "New World," but we even retain ourselves the name of +the West Indies, given as unwarrantably to the islands of the Caribbean +Sea. It is needless to do more than allude to this, and to other +misnomers still prevalent, notwithstanding the fact of the notions or +ideas under which the names were originally given having long since been +exploded; such as the "four quarters of the globe," the "four elements," +&c. If your correspondent searches for the solution of his difficulty on +different grounds from those I have mentioned, it would not satisfy him +to be more diffuse; and if the whole reason be that which I conceive, +quite enough has been said upon the subject. + +G.W. +89. Hamilton Terrace, St. John's Wood. + + +"Northman" is informed, that on the discovery of America by Columbus, +when he landed at Guanahani (now called Cat Island), he thought, in +conformity with his theory of the spherical shape of the earth, that he +had landed on one of the islands lying at the eastern extremity of +India; and with this belief he gave the inhabitants the name of Indians. +The following quotations will perhaps be interesting:-- + + "America persæpe dicitur, sed improprie, Indiæ Occidentales, + _les Indes Occidentales_, Gallis, _West Inde_, Belgis: Non + tantum ab Hispanis, qui illam denominationem primi usurparunt, + sed etiam a Belgis, Anglis, et aliquando a Francis, quod eodem + fere tempore detecta sit ad occidentem, quo ad Orientem India + reperta est."--_Hofmanni Lexicon Univ._ 1677, sub titulo + "_America_." + + "At eadem terra nonnullis _India Occidentalis_, nuncupatur, quia + eodem tempore, quo India Orientalis in Asia, hæc etiam delecta + fuit; tum quod utriusque incolis similis ac pene eadern ivendi + ratio: nudi quippe utrique agunt."--_P. Clurerii Introduct. in + Univ. Geographiam_, Cap. xi (iv.) 1711. + + "The most improper name of all, and yet not much less used than + that of _America_, is the _West Indies_: _West_, in regard of + the western situation of it from these parts of Europe; and + _Indies_, either as mistook for some part of India at the first + discovery, or else because the seamen use to call all countries, + if remote and rich, by the name of _India_."--_Heylyn's + Cosmography_, 1677, Book iv., sub initio. + +It is almost needless to mention, that India received {492} its name +from the river _Indus_; and that _Indus_ and [Greek: Indos] are the +Roman and Greek forms of _Sindo_, the name it was known by among the +natives. + +HENRY KERSLEY. +Corpus Christi Hall, Maidstone. + + [We have received many other replies to this Query, referring + "NORTHMAN" to Robertson's _History of America_, and Humboldt's + _Aspects, &c._, vol. ii. p. 319.] + + +_Vox Populi Vox Dei_ (No. 20. p. 321.).--Your correspondent "QUÆSITOR" +asks for the origin of the saying _Vox populi Vox Dei_. Warwick, in his +_Spare Minutes_ (1637), says-- + + "That the voice of the common people is the voice of God, is the + common voice of the people; yet it is as full of falsehood as + commonnesse. The cry before Pilate's judgement-seat, 'Let him be + crucified,' was _vox populi_, 'the cry of all the people.' How + far was it the voice of God?" + +M. + + [Mr. G. Cornewall Lewis, in his valuable _Essay on the Influence + of Authority in Matters of Opinion_, p. 172., has some very + interesting remarks upon this proverb, which, "in its original + sense, appears to be an echo of some of the sentences in the + classical writers, which attribute a divine or prophetic + character to common fame or rumour." See pp. 172, 173., and the + accompanying Notes.] + + +_Dutch Language_ (No. 24. p. 383.).--"E.V." will find Holtrop's +_Dictionary_ in 2 vols. one of the best. Werninck's _Pocket Dictionary_ +is very good: also Tauchnitz's _Dutch and French_ (pocket): also +Picard's _English and Dutch_. Jansen's is not bad. Swier's _Grammar_ is +a good one; but I do not know whether there is any late edition. See +Williams and Norgate, or Quaritch. + +AREDJID KOOEZ. + + [Messrs. Williams and Norgate have also obligingly answered this + Query, by the following list:-- + + PYL (R. van der), A practical Grammar of the Dutch Language, + 8vo. Rotterd. 1826, 8s. + + AHN (F.) Neue holländische Sprachlehre nebst Lesestucke, 12mo. + Cref. 1841, 2s. + + AHN (F) holländische Umgangsprache, 12mo. 1846, 1s. 6d. + + PICARD (H.) A new Pocket Dictionary of the English and Dutch + Languages, remodelled and corrected from the best Authorities. + Zalt-bommel, 1848, 10s. 6d. + + DICTIONNAIRE Hollandais et Français. 16mo. Leipzig, 4s. + + HOLLANDISCH u. deutsches Taschen-wörterbuch. 16mo. 4s.] + + + +"_Salting._"--Salt is said by all writers upon magic to be particularly +disagreeable to evil spirits; and it is owing to this noxious substance +being dissolved in holy water, that it has such power in scaring them +away. Query, did not salt acquire this high character, and its use in +all sacrifices, from its powers of resisting corruption? + +Salt is used emblematically in many of our foreign universities. There +is a book published at Strasburg as late as 1666, containing twenty +plates, illustrating the several strange ceremonies of the "Depositio." +The last represents _the giving of the salt_, which a person is on a +plate in his left hand; and, with his right hand, about to put _a pinch +of it_ upon the tongue of each _Becanus_ or Freshman. A glass, probably +holding wine, is standing near him. Underneath is the following +couplet:-- + + "_Sal Sophiæ gustate_, bibatis vinaque læta, + Augeat immensus vos in utrisque Deus!" + +A copy of this rare book was sold in the Rev. John Brand's collection. I +have never seen it, and know it only from a MS. note in one of Brand's +Common Place Books now in my possession. + +EDWARD F. RIMBAULT. + + +_Vincent Gookin_ (No. 24. p. 385.).--Your querist "J." is referred to +Berry's _Kentish Pedigrees_, where, at pp. 60. 195. 202. 207. and 113., +he will find notices and a pedigree of the family _Gookin_; and therein +it is shown that Vincent Gookin was the fourth son of John Gookin of +Replecourt, co. Kent, by Katherine, dau. of William Dene of Kingston. + +In the early part of the 7th century, Sir Vincent Gookin, Knt. (why was +he knighted?) was living at Highfield House, in the parish of Bitton, +Gloucestershire. It appears by the register, that in 1635, Mary Gookin, +Gentleman, and Samuel, son of Sir Vincent Gookin, Knt., were buried at +Bitton. + +In 1637, John Gookin of Highfield, age 11 years, was buried in the +Mayor's Chapel, Bristol. + +1637, Frances, dau. of Sir Vincent Gookin, Knt., and the Lady Judith, +was baptized at Bitton. + +1637, Feb. 13. "Sir Vincent Gookin, Knt., was buryed" at Bitton. + +1642, May 2. "Judith, the Lady Gookin, was buryed" at Bitton. + +There are no monuments remaining. + +Highfield, with the manor of Upton Cheyney, was a considerable estate in +1627, where it was passed by fine from John and Mary Barker to Vincent +Gookin, Esq. + +In 1646, Vincent Gookin, Esq. (no doubt the knight's _son_), and Mary +his wife, and Robert Gookin their son, Gent., passed the same estates by +fine to Dr. Samuel Bave, after which it is supposed the Gookins left the +parish. In Sims' _Index_ are references to pedigrees under _Gokin, +Kent_. Any further notices of _Sir_ Vincent or his son would be +acceptable to + +H.T. ELLACOMBE. +Bitton, May 20, 1850. + + +_Sneck up_ (No. 29, p. 467.)--All Shakspearean {493} students will be +deeply indebted to you for giving insertion to articles on obsolete +words and phrases, so many of which are to found in the pages of the +great poet. The article by R.R. is very interesting, but I apprehend +that the passage from Taylor, first quoted by Weber, is sufficient to +show that the phrase _sneck up_ was equivalent to _be hanged_! See +Halliwell, p. 766, on the phrase, that writer not connecting it with +_sneck_, to latch. Compare, also, _Wily Beguiled_,--"An if mistress +would be ruled by him, Sophos might go _snick up_." And the _Two Angry +Women of Abingdon_, 1599,--"If they be not, let them go _snick up_," +i.e. let them go and be hanged! These passages will not be consistently +explained on R.R.'s principle. + +R. + + +_Hanap_ (No. 29. p. 477.).--I have a few notes by me relative to the +drinking vessel, which may, perchance, be acceptable to some of your +readers. It was similar to the _standing cup_ and grace cup, as these +vessels were subsequently called, being raised from the table by a foot +and stem, for the convenience of passing it round the table for the +company to pledge each other out of; it was thus distinguished from the +_cup_, which was smaller, and only used by one person. The hanap +frequently occurs in wills and inventories of the thirteenth, +fourteenth, and fifteenth centuries. + +In the will of Lady Calre, 1355,-- + + "Je devise a ma joefne fille Isabel Bardolf en cide de lui + marier un _hanap_ plat door." + +And in that of the Earl of March, 1389,-- + + "Item. nous devisons a notre treschier friere Mons'r. Henri, un + _hanaper_ de tortelez ove un ostelle en le founce." + +A very elegant specimen is described in the will of the Duchess of +Gloucester, 1390,-- + + "Un _hanappe_ de Beril gravez de long taille, et assis en un peé + d'or, ove un large bordur paramont, et un covercle tout d'or, + ove un saphir sur le pomel du dit covercle." + +In an inventory 19th Henry VI. we find-- + + "Une haute coupe d'argent enorrez appellez _l'anap_ de les + pinacles pois de troie vii lb pris la lb xl. Summa xiii li." + +And temp. Edward II 1324,-- + + "Un hanap a pee de la veille fazon quillere et cymelle el founz + du pois xxix, du pris xl." + +In the same document several others are described having feet. I could +give many other quotations, but will conclude with only one more, as in +the last occurs the word _kyrymyry_, of which I should like to know the +derivation, if any of your readers can assist me:-- + + "Item, un hanap d ore covere del ovrage d un _kyrymyry_ et iij + scochons des armes d Engleterre et de Franuce en le sumet." + +I have met with notices of cups "covered of _kerimery_ work," and +"chacez et pounsonez en lez founcez faitz de _kermery_;" and the +following, from the _Vision of Piers Ploughman_, would seem to indicate +a sort of veil or net-work:-- + + "He was as pale as a pelet, + In the palsy he semed + And clothed in a _kaurymaury_, + I kouthe it nought diseryve." + +W.C. +Jun. + + * * * * * + +MISCELLANIES + +_Bishop Burnet as an Historian._--Dr. Joseph Warton told my father that +"Old Lord Barthurst," Pope's friend, had cautioned him against relying +implicitly on all Burnet's statements; observing that the good bishop +was so given to gossiping and anecdote hunting, that the wags about +court used often to tell him idle tales, for the mischievous pleasure of +seeing him make note on them. Lord Bathurst did not, I believe, charge +Burnet with deliberate misrepresentation, but considered some of his +presumed facts _questionable_, for the reason stated. + +ELIJAH WARING. + + +_Dance Thumbkin._--In the _Book of Nursery Rhymes_, published by the +Percy Society, there is a small error of importance, involving no less +that the learned would call "a non sequitur," and which, if my +correct-and-almost-unequalled nurse, Betty Richins, was alive, she would +have noticed much sooner that the nurseling who now addresses you. (She +died about the year 1796.) In the valuable and still popular nursery +classical song, "Dance Thumbkin, dance," it is not only an error to say +"Thumbkin _he can_ dance alone" (let any one reader of the "NOTES AND +QUERIES," male or female, _only try_), but it is not the correct text. +Betty Richins has "borne me on her knee a hundred times" and sung it +thus:-- + + Thumbkin _cannot_ dance alone. + So[1] dance ye merry men, every one." + +I scarcely need add, that if this be true of Thumbkin, it is _truer_ of +Foreman, Longman, Middleman, and Littleman. + +R.S.S. + + [Footnote 1: Or _then_, meaning "for that reason."] + + +_King's Coffee-house, Covent Garden._--As an addition to "Mr. +RIMBAULT's" Notes on Cunningham's _Handbook_, the following extract from +Harwood's _Alumni Etonenses_, p. 293., in the recount of the boys +elected for Eton to King's College may be interesting:-- + + "A.D. 1713, 12." + + "Thomas King born at West Ashton in Wiltshire; went away + scholar, in apprehension that his fellowship {494} would be + denied him, and afterwards kept that coffee-house in Covent + Garden which was called by his own name." + +J.H.L. + + +_Spur Money_ (No. 23. p. 374, and No 28. p. 462.).--In a curious tract, +published in 1598, under the title of _The Children of the Chapel stript +and whipt_, we have the following passage:-- + + "Wee think it very necessarye that every quorister sholde bringe + with him to churche a Testament in Englishe, and turne to everie + chapter as it is daily read, or som other good and godly + prayer-booke, rather than spend their tyme in talk and hunting + after _spur-money_, whereon they set their whole mindes, and do + often abuse dyvers if they doe not bestowe somewhat on them." + +In 1622, the dean of the Chapel Royal issued an order by which it was +decreed-- + + "That if anie Knight, or other persone entituled to weare spurs, + enter the chappell in that guise, he shall pay to y'e quiristers + the accustomed fine; but if he command y'e youngest quirister to + repeate his _Gamut_, and he faile in y'e so doing, the said + Knight, or other, shall not pay y'e fine." + +This curious extract I copied from the ancient cheque-book of the Chapel +Royal. + +Within my recollection, His Grace the Duke of Wellington (who, by the +way, is an excellent musician) entered the Royal Chapel "booted and +spurred," and was, of course, called upon for the fine. But His Grace +calling upon the youngest chorister to repeat his GAMUT, and the "little +urchin" failing, the impost was not demanded. + +EDWARD F. RIMBAULT. + + * * * * * + + +MISCELLANEOUS. + +NOTES ON BOOKS, CATALOGUES, SALES, ETC. + +Mr. W.S.W. Vaux, of the department of Antiquities, British Museum, has +just published a very interesting little volume under the title of +_Nineveh and Persepolis: an Historical Sketch of Ancient Assyria and +Persia, with an Account of the recent Researches in those Countries_. +The work is illustrated with numerous woodcuts; and the two points which +Mr. Vaux has proposed to elucidate,--viz., 1. The history of Assyria and +Persia, and, as connected with it, that of the Medes, the Jews, and the +Chaldees, so far as it can be ascertained from the Bible, and the works +of classical authors: and 2. The results of those inquiries which have +been carried on for nearly three centuries by European travellers,--he +has successfully accomplished, in a way to make his book a most useful +introduction to the study of the larger works which have been written +upon this important subject; and a valuable substitute to those who have +neither the means to purchase them, nor time to devote to their perusal. + +The Rev. Dr. Maitland has just published a second edition of his +_Eruvin, or Miscellaneous Essays on Subjects connected with the Nature, +History, and Destiny of Man_. The Essays are ten in number, and treat: +I. On the Nature and Objects of Revelation. II. On the Impediments to +the Right Understanding of Scripture. III. Man before the Fall. IV. +Satan. V. The Consequences of the Fall. VI. The Fallen Angels. VII. The +Millenium. VIII. The Kingdom of Messiah. IX. The Regeneration. X. The +Modern Doctrine of Miracles. We mention the subjects of these papers +because, although they are of a nature not to be discussed in our +columns, we are sure many of our readers will be glad to know the points +on which they treat. + +We have received the following Catalogues:--Bibliotheca Selecta, Curiosa +et Rarissima. Part First of a general Catalougue of Miscellaneous +English and Foreign Books now on sale by Thomas G. Stevenson, 87. +Princes Street, Edinburgh--(a Catalogue well deserving attention of our +Antiquarian friends); John Miller's (43. Chandos Street) Catalogue of +Books Old and New; W.S. Lincoln's (Cheltenham House, Westminster Road) +Catalogue No. 56., May, 1850, of English, Foreign, Classical and +Miscellaneous Literature. + +Messrs. Sotheby and Co., of Wellington Street, will commence on Monday +next an eight days' sale of the valuable library of the late Rev. Peter +Hall, consisting of rare and early English Theology, Ecclesiastical +History and Antiquities, Foreign and English Controversial Works, +Classics, Biblical Criticism, &c. + + * * * * * + +BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES + +WANTED TO PURCHASE. + +(_In continuation of Lists in former Nos._) + +GORGH (R.), CATALOGUE OF ALL WORKS PRINTED RELATING TO WALES. + +A Pamphlet ON THE LEAD AND SILVER MINES OF GOWER, published about a +century since. + +SECOND TRAVELS OF AN IRISH GENTLEMAN IN SEARCH OF A RELIGION, BY BLANCO +WHITE. + +Letters, stating particulars and lowest price, _carriage free_, to be +sent to Mr. Bell, Publisher of "NOTES AND QUERIES," 186. Fleet Street. + + * * * * * + +NOTICE TO CORRESPONDENTS. + +COMPLETION OF VOLUME THE FIRST. _The present Number completes the First +Volume of_ NOTES AND QUERIES, _to which a Title-page and copious Index +will be printed as soon as possible: when copies of it may be had in +cloth boards. In the meantime, may we beg such of our Subscribers as +have not complete sets, to secure such Numbers as they may be in want of +without delay._ + +_Errata._--No. 28. p. 452., for "Bayle" read "Bale," and for "Carood" +read "Câwood." No. 29. p. 467., for "dick the string" read "click," and +for "bung" read "bang." + + * * * * * {495} + +HYMNS AND POEMS FOR THE SICK. + +SECOND EDITION. + +In small 8vo., price 7s. 6d. + +HYMNS and POEMS for the SICK and SUFFERING. In connection with the +Service for the Visitation of the Sick. Edited by the Rev. T. V. +FOSBERY, M.A., Perpetual Curate of Sunningdale. + +This volume contains 233 separate pieces, of which about 90 are by +writers who lived prior to the eighteenth century; the rest are modern, +and some of these original. Amongst the names of the writers (between 70 +and 80 in number) occur those of Sir J. Beaumont, Sir T. Browne, F. +Davison, Elizabeth of Bohemia, P. Fletcher, G. Herbert, Dean Hickes, Bp. +Ken. Norris, Quarles Sandys, Bp. J. Taylor, Henry Vaughan, and Sir. H. +Wotton; and of modern writers, Miss E.B. Barrett, the Bishop of Oxford, +S.T. Coleridge, Sir R. Grant, Miss E. Taylor, W. Wordsworth, Rev. +Messrs. Chandler, Keble, Lyte, Monsell, Moultrie, and Trench. + +RIVINGTON'S, St. Paul's Church Yard, and Waterloo Place. + + * * * * * + +DR. MAITLAND'S ERUVIN--SECOND EDITION + +In small 8vo., price 5s. 6d. + +ERUVIN; or Miscellaneous Essays on Subjects connected with the Nature, +History, and Destiny of Man. By the Rev. S.R. MAITLAND, D.D. F.R.S. & +F.S.A. + +RIVINGTON'S, St. Paul's Church Yard, and Waterloo Place; + +Of whom may be had, by the same Author, + +1. ESSAYS on the REFORMATION in ENGLAND. 15s. + +2. ESSAYS on the DARK AGES. Second Edition. 12s. + + * * * * * + +LAWYERS, SOLICITORS, PERIODICAL PUBLISHERS, and MUSIC SELLERS, &c. will +find the newly-invented PAMPHLET or LETTER BINDER the most useful +article yet offered to the Public for the purpose of facilitating the +binding of extracting of any Letter or Pamphlet, without the possibility +of deranging the consecutive order of such documents. They are equally +useful as Music Binders or Portfolios, as it forms a perfect book, +whether inclosing one sheet or five hundred. As a Portfolio, it is +invaluable, as it precludes the possibility of the drawings being broken +or in any way injured. + +To be had of DE LA RUE and Co., Stationers, Bunhill Row, or of any other +respectable Stationer. + + * * * * * + +Now Publishing + +THE CHURCHES OF THE MIDDLE AGES. By HENRY BOWMAN and JOSEPH S. CROWTHER, +Architects, Manchester. To be completed in Twenty Parts, each containing +Six Plates, Imperial Folio. Issued at intervals of two months. Price per +Part to Subscribers, Proofs, large paper, 10s. 6d.; Tinted, small paper. +9s.; Plain, 7s. 6d. Parts 1 to 7 are now published, and contain +illustrations of Ewerby Church, Lincolnshire; Temple Balsall Chapel, +Warwickshire; and Heckington church, Lincolnshire. + +On the 1st of July next, the price of the work, to Subscribers whose +names may be received after that date, will be raised as +follows:--Proofs, tinted, large paper, per Part 12s.; tinted, small +paper, 10s. 6d.; Plain 9s. + +"Ewerby is a magnificent specimen of a Flowing Middle-Pointed Church. It +is most perfectly measured and described; one can follow the most +recondite beauties of the construction, mouldings and joints, in these +Plates, almost as well as in the original structure. Such a monograph as +this will be of incalculable value to the architects of our Colonies or +the United States, who have no means of access to ancient churches. The +Plates are on stone, done with remarkable skill and distinctness. Of +Heckington we can only say that the perspective view from the south-east +presents a very vision of beauty; we can hardly conceive anything more +perfect. We heartily recommend this series to all who are able to +patronize it."--_Ecclesiologist_, Oct. 1849. + +London: GEORGE BELL, 186. Fleet Street. + + * * * * * + +Just published, fcp. 8vo., cloth lettered. 2s. 6d. + +A GLOSSARY to the OBSOLETE and UNUSUAL WORDS and PHRASES of the HOLY +SCRIPTURES. With an Introductory History of the last English Version. By +J. JAMESON. + +London: WERTHEIM AND MACINTOSH. 24. Paternoster Row. + + * * * * * + +Preparing for publication. In 2 vols. small 8vo. + +THE FOLK-LORE of ENGLAND. By WILLIAM J. THOMS, F.S.A., Secretary of the +Camden Society, Editor of "Early Prose Romances," "Lays and Legends of +all Nations," &c. One object of the present work is to furnish new +contributions to the History of our National Folk-Lore; and especially +some of the more striking Illustrations of the subject to be found in +the Writings of Jacob Grimm and other Continental Antiquaries. + +Communications of inedited Legends, Notices of remarkable Customs and +Popular Observances, Rhyming Charms, &c. are earnestly solicited, and +will be thankfully acknowledged by the Editor. They may be addressed to +the care of Mr. BELL, Office of "NOTES AND QUERIES," 186. Fleet Street. + + * * * * * + +Now Ready, containing 149 Plates, royal 8vo. 28s.; follo, 2l. 5s. India +Paper, 4l. 4s. + +THE MONUMENTAL BRASSES of ENGLAND; a series of Engravings upon Wood, +from every variety of these interesting and valuable Memorials, +accompanied with Descriptive Notices. + +By the Rev. C. BOUTELI. M.A. Rector of Downham Market. + +Part XII., completing the work, price 7s. 6d.; folio, 12s.; India paper, +24s. + +By the same Author, royal 8vo., 15s.; large paper, 21s. + +MONUMENTAL BRASSES and SLABS: an Historical and Descriptive Notice of +the Incised Monumental Memorials of the Middle Ages. With upwards of 200 +Engravings. + +"A handsome large octavo volume, abundantly supplied with well-engraved +woodcuts and lithographic plates; a sort of Encyclopædia for ready +reference.... The whole work has a look of painstaking completeness +highly commendable."--_Athenorum_ + +"One of the most beautifully got up and interesting volumes we have seen +for a long time. It gives, in the compass of one volume, an account of +the history of those beautiful monuments of former days.... The +illustrations are extremely well chosen."--_English Churchman_ + +A few copies only of this work remain for sale; and, as it will not be +reprinted in the same form and at the same price, the remaining copies +are raised in price. Early application for the Large Paper Edition is +necessary. + +By the same Author, to be completed in Four Parts. + +CHRISTIAN MOMUMENTS in ENGLAND and WALES; An Historical and Descriptive +Sketch of the various classes of Momumental Memorials which have been in +use in this country from about the time of the Norman Conquest. +Profusely illustrated with Wood Engravings. Part I. price 7s. 6d.; Part +II 2s. 6d. + +"A well conceived and executed work."--_Ecclesiologist._ + + * * * * * {496} + +LIST OF BOOKS PUBLISHED BY JOHN RUSSELL SMITH, 4. OLD COMPTON STREET, +SOHO, LONDON. + + * * * * * + +A SECOND AND CHEAPER EDITION. + +In 2 vols. 8vo., containing upwards of 1000 pages, closely printed in +double columns, price 1l. 1s. cloth. + +A DICTIONARY of ARCHAIC and PROVINCIAL WORDS, Obsolete Phrases, +Proverbs, and Ancient Customs, from the Reign of Edward I. by JAMES +ORCHARD HALLIWELL, F.R.S.F.S.A. &c. + +It contains above 50,000 Words (embodying all the known scattered +glossaries of the English Language), forming a complete key to the +reader of the works of our old Poets, Dramatists, Theologians, and other +authors whose works abound with allusions, of which explanations are not +to be found in ordinary dictionaries and books of reference. Most of the +principal Archaisms are illustrated by examples selected from early +inedited MSS, and rare books, and by far the greater portion will be +found to be original authorities. + +ANGLO-SAXON.--A DELECTUS in ANGLO-SAXON, intended as a First Class-book +in the Language. By the Rev. W. BARNES, of St. John's College, +Cambridge, Author of the Poems and Glossary in the Dorset Dialect. 12mo. +cloth, 2s. 6d. + +"To those who wish to possess a critical knowledge of their own native +English, some acquaintance with Anglo-Saxon is indispensable; and we +have never seen an introduction better calculated than the present to +supply the wants of a beginner in a short space of time. The declensions +and conjugations are well stated, and illustrated by references to the +Greek, Latin, French, and other languages. A philosophical spirit +pervades every part. The Delectus consists of Short pieces, on various +subjects, with extracts from Anglo-Saxon History and the Saxon +Chronicle. There is a good glossary at the end."--_Athenæum_, Oct. 20. +1849. + +ANGLO-SAXON.--GUIDE to the ANGLO-SAXON TONGUE; with Lessons in Verse and +Prose. For the use of Learners. By E.J. VERNON, B.A., Oxon. 12mo. cloth, +5s. 6d. + +This will be found useful as a Second Class-book, or to those well +versed in other languages. + +ANGLO-SAXON.--A COMPENDIOUS ANGLO-SAXON and ENGLISH DICTIONARY. By the +Rev. JOSEPH BOSWORTH, D.D. F.R.S. &c. In 8vo. closely printed in treble +columns, cloth, 12s. + +This may be considered quite a new work from the author's former +Dictionary; it has been entirely remodelled and enlarged, bringing it +down to the present state of Anglo-Saxon literature, both at home and +abroad. + +HOLBEIN'S DANCE of DEATH; with an Historical and Literary Introduction +by an Antiquary. Square post 8vo., with 54 Engravings, being the most +accurate copies ever executed of these gems of art, and a Frontispiece +of an Ancient Bedstead at Aix-la-Chapelle, with a Dance of Death carved +on it, engraved by Fairholt, cloth, 9s. + +"The designs are executed with a spirit and fidelity quite +extraordinary. They are indeed most truthful."--_Athenæum_. + +ENGLISH SURNAMES: an Essay on Family Nomenclature, Historical, +Etymological, and Humorous. By MARK ANTONY-LOWER, M.A. Third Edition, +enlarged, 2 vols. post 8v., cloth, 12s. + +This new and much improved edition, besides a great enlargement of the +chapters contained in the previous editions, comprises several that are +entirely new, together with Notes on Scottish, Irish, and Norman +Surnames. The "Additional Prolusions," besides the articles on Rebuses, +Allusive Arms, and the Roll of Battel Abbey, contain Dissertations on +Inn Signs, and Remarks on Christian Names; with a copious Index of many +thousand names. These features render "English Surnames" rather a new +work than a new edition. + +THE CURIOSITIES of HERALDRY; with Illustrations from Old English +Writers. By MARK ANTONY LOWER. With illuminated Title-page and numerous +Engravings from Designs by the Author. 8vo., cloth, 14s. + +HERALD'S VISITATIONS.--An Index to all the Pedigrees and Arms in the +Heraldic Visitations and other Genealogical MSS. in the British Museum. +By G. SIMS, of the Manuscript Department. 8vo., closely printed in +double columns, cloth, 15s. + +An indispensable book to those engaged in genealogical or topographical +pursuits, affording a ready clue to the pedigrees and arms of above +30,000 of the gentry of England, their residences, &c. (distinguishing +the different families of the same name in every county), as recorded by +the Heralds in their Visitations, with Indexes to other genealogical +MSS. in the British Museum. It has been the work of immense labour. No +public library ought to be without it. + +GUIDE to ARCHÆOLOGY Archæological Index to Remains of Antiquity of the +Celtic, Romano-British, and Anglo-Saxon Periods. By JOHN YONGE AKERMAN, +Fellow and Secretary to the Society of Antiquaries. 1 vol. 8vo., +illustrated with numerous Engravings, comprising upwards of 500 objects. +15s., cloth. + +"One of the first wants of an incipient antiquary is the facility of +comparison, and here it is furnished him at one glance. The places, +indeed, form the most valuable part of the book, both by their number +and the judicious selection of types and examples which they contain. It +is a book which we can, on this account, safely and warmly recommend to +all who are interested in the antiquities of their native +land."--_Literary Gazette_. + +"A book of such utility--so concise, so clear, so well condensed from +such varied and voluminous sources, cannot fail to be generally +acceptable."--_Art-Union_. + +COINS.--An Introduction to the Study of Ancient and Modern Coins. By +J.Y. AKERMAN. Fep. 8vo., with numerous Wood Engravings, from the +Original Coins, 6s. 6d. + +COINS of the ROMANS relating to BRITAIN described and illustrated. By +J.Y. AKERMAN, F.S.A. Second Edition, 8vo., greatly enlarged, with Plates +and Woodcuts, 10s. 6d. + +SHAKSPERE.--A New Life of Shakspere, including many particulars +respecting the Poet and his Family never before published. By J.O. +HALLIWELL, F.R.S. &c. One handsome vol., 8vo., illustrated with 76 +Engravings on Wood, from Drawings by Fairholt, 15s. cloth. + +THE NURSERY RHYMES of ENGLAND, collected chiefly from Oral Tradition. +Edited by J.O. HALLIWELL. Fourth Edition, 12mo. with 38 Designs by W.B. +Scott, 4s. 6d. cloth. + +POPULAR RHYMES and NURSERY TALES; with Historical Elucidations: a Sequel +to "The Nursery Rhymes of England." Edited by J.O. HALLIWELL, Royal +18mo. 4s. 6d. + +PLAYING CARDS.--Facts and Speculations on the Origin and History of +Playing Cards. By WILLIAM ANDREW CHATTO, Author of "Jackson's History of +Wood Engraving." Thick 8vo., with numerous Engravings from Copper, Stone +and wood, both plain and coloured, cloth, 1l. 1s. + +ESSAYS on Subjects connected with the LITERATURE, POPULAR SUPERSTITIONS, +and HISTORY of ENGLAND in the MIDDLE AGES. By THOMAS WRIGHT, M.A.F.S.A. +Two handsome vols. post 8vo., elegantly printed, cloth, 16s. + + * * * * * + +Printed by THOMAS CLARK SHAW, of No. 8. New Street Square, at No. 5. New +Street Square, in the Parish of St. Bride, in the City of London; and +published by GEORGE BELL, of No. 186. Fleet Street, in the Parish of St. +Dunstan in the West, in the City of London, Publisher, at No. 186. Fleet +Street aforesaid.--Saturday, May 25. 1850. + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes & Queries, No. 30. 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Saturday, May 25, +1850, by Various + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Notes & Queries, No. 30. Saturday, May 25, 1850 + A Medium Of Inter-Communication For Literary Men, Artists, + Antiquaries, Genealogists, Etc. + + +Author: Various + +Release Date: October 11, 2004 [EBook #13713] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES & QUERIES, NO. 30. *** + + + + +Produced by Jon Ingram, David King, the PG Online Distributed +Proofreading Team and The Internet Library of Early Journals, + + + + + + +</pre> + +<span class="pagenum"><a id="page481" name= +"page481"></a>{481}</span> +<h1>NOTES AND QUERIES:</h1> +<h2>A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, +ANTIQUARIES, GENEALOGISTS, ETC.</h2> +<hr /> +<h3><b>"When found, make a note of."</b>—CAPTAIN CUTTLE.</h3> +<hr class="full" /> +<table summary="masthead" width="100%"> +<tr> +<td align="left" width="25%"><b>No. 30.</b></td> +<td align="center" width="50%"><b>SATURDAY, MAY 25, 1850</b></td> +<td align="right" width="25%"><b>Price Threepence.<br /> +Stamped Edition 4d.</b></td> +</tr> +</table> +<hr class="full" /> +<h2>CONTENTS</h2> +<table summary="Contents" align="center"> +<tr> +<td align="left">NOTES:—</td> +<td align="right">Page</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="left">Dr. Johnson and Dr. Warton, by F.H. Markland</td> +<td align="right"><a href="#page481">481</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="left">Spenser's Monument</td> +<td align="right"><a href="#page481">481</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="left">Borrowed Thoughts, by S.W. Singer</td> +<td align="right"><a href="#page482">482</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="left">Folk Lore:—Easter Eggs—A Cure for +Warts—Charm for Wounds—Fifth Son—Cwm Wybir</td> +<td align="right"><a href="#page482">482</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="left">Bartholomew Legate, the Martyr</td> +<td align="right"><a href="#page483">483</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="left">Bohn's Edition of Milton's Prose Works</td> +<td align="right"><a href="#page483">483</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="left">Reprint of Jeremy Taylor's Works</td> +<td align="right"><a href="#page483">483</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="left">Dr. Thos. Bever's Legal Polity of Great +Britain</td> +<td align="right"><a href="#page483">483</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="left">QUERIES:—</td> +<td></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="left">Dr. Richard Holsworth and Thos. Fuller</td> +<td align="right"><a href="#page484">484</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="left">Queries upon Cunningham's Handbook of London</td> +<td align="right"><a href="#page484">484</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="left">On a Passage in Macbeth</td> +<td align="right"><a href="#page484">484</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="left">Minor Queries:—As throng as Throp's +Wife—Trimble Family—"Brozier"</td> +<td align="right"><a href="#page485">485</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="left">REPLIES:—</td> +<td></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="left">The Dodo Queries, by S.W. Singer</td> +<td align="right"><a href="#page485">485</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="left">Abbey of St. Wandrille</td> +<td align="right"><a href="#page486">486</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="left">Origin of the Word "News"</td> +<td align="right"><a href="#page487">487</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="left">Replies to Minor Queries:—Dr. Whichcot and +Lord Shaftesbury—Elizabeth and Isabel—Trunck +Breeches—Mercenary Preacher—Abdication of James +II.—Toom Shawn Cattie—Wotton's Poem to Lord +Bacon—"My Mind to Me a Kingdom is"—Gesta +Grayorum—Marylebone Gardens—Mother of Thomas à +Becket—Dr. Strode's Poem—Lord Carrington—Esquires +and Gentlemen—Early Inscriptions—American +Aborigines—Vox Populi—Dutch Language—Salting, +&c.</td> +<td align="right"><a href="#page488">488</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="left">MISCELLANIES:—</td> +<td></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="left">Bishop Burnet as an Historian—Dance +Thumbkin—King's Coffee House—Spur Money</td> +<td align="right"><a href="#page493">493</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="left">MISCELLANEOUS:—</td> +<td></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="left">Notes on Books, Catalogues, Sales, &c</td> +<td align="right"><a href="#page494">494</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="left">Books and Odd Volumes wanted</td> +<td align="right"><a href="#page494">494</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="left">Notice to Correspondents</td> +<td align="right"><a href="#page494">494</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="left">Advertisements</td> +<td align="right"><a href="#page495">495</a></td> +</tr> +</table> +<hr class="full" /> +<h2>NOTES</h2> +<h3>DR. JOHNSON AND DR. WARTON.</h3> +<p>Amongst the poems of the Rev. Thos. Warton, vicar of +Basingstoke, who is best remembered as the father of two celebrated +sons, is one entitled <i>The Universal Love of Pleasure</i>, +commencing—</p> +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"All human race, from China to Peru,</p> +<p>Pleasure, howe'er disguised by art, pursue."</p> +<p>&c. &c.</p> +</div> +</div> +<p>Warton died in 1745, and his Poems were published in 1748.</p> +<p>Johnson's <i>Vanity of Human Wishes</i> appeared in 1749; but +Boswell believes that it was composed in the preceding year. That +Poem, as we well remember, commences thus tamely:—</p> +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"Let observation with extensive view,</p> +<p>Survey Mankind from China to Peru."</p> +</div> +</div> +<p>Though so immeasurably inferior to his own, Johnson may have +noticed these verses of Warton's with some little attention, and +unfortunately borrowed the only prosaic lines in his poem. Besides +the imitation before quoted, both writers allude to Charles of +Sweden. Thus Warton says,—</p> +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"'Twas hence rough Charles rush'd forth to ruthless war."</p> +</div> +</div> +<p>Johnson, in his highly finished picture of the same monarch, +says,—</p> +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"War sounds the trump, he rushes to the field."</p> +</div> +</div> +<p class="author">J.H. MARKLAND.</p> +<p>Bath.</p> +<hr /> +<h3>SPENSER'S MONUMENT.</h3> +<p>In the <i>Lives of English Poets</i>, by William Winstanley +(London, printed by H. Clark for Samuel Manship, 1687), in his +account of Spenser, p. 92., he says, "he died anno 1598, and was +honourably buried at the sole charge of Robert, first of that name, +Earl of Essex, on whose monument is written this +epitaph:—</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"Edmundus Spenser, Londinensis, Anglicorum poetarum nostri +seculi fuit princeps, quod ejus Poemata, faventibus Musis, et +victuro genio conscripa comprobant. Obiit immatura morte, anno +salutis 1598, et prope Galfredum Chaucerum conditur, qui +foelicisime Poesin Anglicis literis primus illustravit. In quem +hæc scripta sunt Epitaphia.</p> +</blockquote> +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"Hic prope Chaucerum situs est Spenserius, illi</p> +<p class="i2">Prominens ingenio, proximum ut tumulo</p> +<p>Hic prope Chaucerum Spensere poeta poetam</p> +<p class="i2">Conderis, et versud quam tumulo proprior,</p> +<p>Anglica te vivo vixit, plausitque l'oesis;</p> +<p class="i2">Nunc moritura timet, te moriente mori."</p> +</div> +</div> +<p>I have also a folio copy of Spenser, printed by Henry Hills for +Jonathan Edwin, London, 1679. In a short life therein printed, it +says that he was buried near Chaucer, 1596; and the frontispiece is +an engraving of his tomb, by E. White, which bears this +epitaph:—</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"Heare lyes (expecting the second comminge of our Saviour, +Christ Jesus) the body of Edmond Spenser, the Prince of Poets in +his tyme, whose Divine spirit needs noe othir witness than the +works which he left behind <span class="pagenum"><a name="page482" +id="page482"></a>{482}</span> him. He was borne in London in the +yeare 1510, and died in the yeare 1596."</p> +</blockquote> +<p>Beneath are these lines:—</p> +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"Such is the tombs the Noble Essex gave</p> +<p class="i2">Great Spenser's learned reliques, such his grave:</p> +<p class="i2">Howe'er ill-treated in his life he were,</p> +<p class="i2">His sacred bones rest honourably here."</p> +</div> +</div> +<p>How are these two epitaphs, with their differing dates, to be +reconciled? Can he have been born in 1510, as the first one says +"obiit <i>immaturâ</i> morte?" Now eighty-five is not very +immature; and I believe he entered at Pembroke College, Cambridge, +in 1569, at which time he would be fifty-nine, and that at a period +when college education commenced at an earlier age than now. +Vertue's portrait, engraved 1727, takes as a motto the last two +lines of the first epitaph—"Anglica te vivo," &c.</p> +<p class="author">E.N.W</p> +<p>Southwark, April 29 1850.</p> +<hr /> +<h3>BORROWED THOUGHTS.</h3> +<p>Crenius wrote a dissertation <i>De Furibus Librariis</i>, and J. +Conrad Schwarz another <i>De Plagio Literario</i>, in which some +curious appropriations are pointed out; your pages have already +contained some additional recent instances. The writers thus +pillaged might exclaim, "Pereant iste qui <i>post</i> nos nostra +dixerunt." Two or three instances have occurred to me which, I +think, have not been noticed. Goldsmith's <i>Madame Blaize</i> is +known to be a free version of <i>La fameuse La Galisse</i>. His +well-known epigram,—</p> +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p class="i2">"Here lies poor Ned Purdon, from misery freed,"</p> +</div> +</div> +<p>is borrowed from the following by the Chevalier de Cailly (or +d'Aceilly, as he writes himself) entitled,—</p> +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"<i>La Mort du Sieur Etienne</i>.</p> +</div> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"Il est au bout de ses travaux,</p> +<p class="i2">Il a passé le Sieur Etienne;</p> +<p class="i2">En ce monde il eut tant des maux,</p> +<p class="i2">Qu'on ne croit pas qu'il revienne."</p> +</div> +</div> +<p>Another well-know epigram,—</p> +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p class="i2">"I do not like thee, Doctor Fell,"</p> +</div> +</div> +<p>is merely a version of the 33d epigram of the first books of +those by the witty Roger de Bussy, Comte de Rabutin:—</p> +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"Je ne vous aime pas, Hylas,</p> +<p class="i2">Je n'en saurois dire la cause,</p> +<p class="i2">Je sais seulement une chose;</p> +<p class="i2">C'est que je ne vous aime pas."</p> +</div> +</div> +<p>Lastly, Prior's epitaph on himself has its prototype in one long +previously written by or for one John Carnegie:—</p> +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"Johnnie Carnegie lais heer,</p> +<p class="i4">Descendit of Adam and Eve,</p> +<p class="i2">Gif ony con gang hieher,</p> +<p class="i4">I'se willing gie him leve."</p> +</div> +</div> +<p class="author">S.W. SINGER</p> +<hr /> +<h3>FOLK LORE.</h3> +<p><i>Easter Eggs</i> (No. 25. p. 397.).—The custom recorded +by Brande as being in use in the North of England in his time, +still continues in Richmondshire.</p> +<p><i>A Cure for Warts</i> is practised with the utmost faith in +East Sussex. The nails are cut, the cuttings carefully wrapped in +paper, and placed in the hollow of a pollard ash, concealed from +the birds; when the paper decays, the warts disappear. For this I +can vouch: in my own case the paper did decay, and the warts did +all disappear, and, of course, the effect was produced by the +cause. Does the practice exist elsewhere?</p> +<p><i>Charm for Wounds.</i>—Boys, in his <i>History of +Sandwich</i>, gives, (p. 690.) the following from the Corporation +Records, 1568: a woman examined touching her power to charm wounds +who—</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"Sayesth that she can charme for fyer and skalding in forme as +oulde women do, sayeng 'Owt fyer in frost, in the name of the +Father, the Sonne, and the Holly Ghost;' and she hath used when the +skyn of children do cleve fast, to advise the mother to annoynt +them with the mother's milk and oyle olyfe; and for skalding to +take oyle olyfe only."</p> +</blockquote> +<p class="author">W. DURRANT COOPER.</p> +<p><i>Fifth Son.</i>—What is the superstition relating to a +fifth son? I should be glad of any illustrations of it. There +certainly are instances in which the fifth son has been the most +distinguished scion of the family.</p> +<p class="author">W.S.G.</p> +<p><i>Cwn Wybir, or Cwn Annwn</i>—<i>Curlews</i> (No. 19. p. +294).—The late ingenious and well-informed Mr. William Weston +Young, then residing in Glamorgan, gave me the following exposition +of these mysterious <i>Dogs of the Sky</i>, or <i>Dogs of the +Abyss</i>, whose aërial cries at first perplexed as well as +startled him. He was in the habit of traversing wild tracts of +country, in his profession of land surveyor and often rode by +night. One intensely dark night he was crossing a desolate range of +hills, when he heard a most diabolical yelping and shrieking in the +air, horrible enough in such a region and at black midnight. He was +not, however, a superstitious man, and, being an observant +naturalist, had paid great attention to the notes of birds, and the +remarkable variations between the day and night notes of the same +species. He suspected these strange unearthly sounds to be made by +some gregarious birds on the wing; but <span class= +"pagenum"><a name="page483" id="page483"></a>{483}</span> the +darkness was impenetrable, and he gazed upwards in vain. The +noises, meanwhile, were precisely those which he had heard ascribed +to the <i>Cwn Wybir</i>, and would have been truly appalling to a +superstitious imagination. His quick ear at length caught the rush +of pinions, and, in a short time, a large flight of curlews came +sweeping down to the heather, so near his head, that some of their +wings brushed his hat. They were no sooner settled, than the <i>Cwn +Wybir</i> ceased to be heard. Mr. Young then recollected having +noticed similar nocturnal cries from the curlew, but had never +before encountered such a formidable flying legion of those birds, +screaming in a great variety of keys, amidst mountain echoes.</p> +<p class="author">ELIJAH WARING.</p> +<hr /> +<h3>BARTHOLOMEW LEGATE, THE MARTYR.</h3> +<p>An erroneous date, resting on such authorities as Mr. Hallam and +Mr. J. Payne Collier, deserves a note. The former in his <i>Const. +Hist.</i> (ii. 275. note, second edition), and the latter in the +<i>Egerton Papers</i>, printed for the Camden Society (p. 446.), +assigns the date 1614 to the death of Bartholomew Legate at +Smithfield. The latter also gives the date March 13. Now the true +date is March 18, 1611-12, as will appear by consulting—1. +The commissions and warrants for the burning of Legate and +Wightman, inserted in <i>Truth brought to Light, or the Narrative +History of King James for the first Fourteen Years</i>, 4to. 1651; +2. Chamberlain's <i>Letters to Sir Dudley Carleton</i>, dated Feb. +26, 1611 (1611-12), and March 25, 1612, printed in <i>The Court and +Times of James I.</i>, vol. i. pp. 136. 164.; and 3. Wallace's +<i>Antitrinitarian Biography</i>, vol. ii. p. 534. Fuller, in his +<i>Church History</i>, gives the correct date, and states that his +"burning of heretics much startled common people;" "wherefore King +James politicly preferred that heretics hereafter, though +condemned, should silently and privately waste themselves away in +the prison."</p> +<p>Legate and Wightman were, in fact, the last martyrs burnt at the +stake in England for their religious opinions.</p> +<p class="author">A.B.R.</p> +<hr /> +<h3>BOHN'S EDITION OF MILTON'S PROSE WORKS.</h3> +<p>Three volumes of this edition have already appeared, the last +bearing the date of 1848, and concluding thus:—"End of Vol. +III." In the latest Catalogue, which Mr. Bohn has appended to his +publications, appears a notice of "Milton's Prose Works, +<i>complete</i> in 3 vols." This word <i>complete</i> is not +consistent with the words terminating the last volume, nor with the +exact truth. For instance, the History of Britain does not find a +place in this edition; and I can hardly believe that Mr. Bohn +originally intended that the Prose Works of Milton should be issued +from his press without a full index. Without such an index, this +edition is comparatively worthless to the investigator of history. +I would therefore suggest to Mr. Bohn (whose services to literature +I most gratefully acknowledge), that he should render his edition +of Milton's Prose Works <i>really complete</i>, by issuing a fourth +volume, which <i>inter alia</i>, might contain the <i>Latin</i> +prose works of Milton, reprinted in Fletcher's edition of 1834, +together with any omitted English prose work of the author, and be +terminated, as is usual in Mr. Bohn's publications, with a full +alphabetical index, embracing both persons and things. The lover of +historical pursuits would then have <i>fresh</i> reason to thank +Mr. Bohn.</p> +<p class="author">N.</p> +<hr /> +<h3>REPRINT OF JEREMY TAYLOR'S WORKS.</h3> +<p>A reprint being called for of vol. iv. of <i>Bishop Jeremy +Taylor's Works</i>, now in course of publication, I would beg +permission to make it known to your readers, that assistance in +regard to any references which were not verified in the former +edition of that volume would be very acceptable to me. They should +be sent within the next fortnight.</p> +<p class="author">C. PAGE EDEN.</p> +<hr /> +<h3>DR. THOMAS BEVER'S LEGAL POLITY OF GREAT BRITAIN.</h3> +<p>I do not know if such a notice as this is intended to be, is +admissible into your publication.</p> +<p>Many years ago, I bought of a bookseller a MS. intitled "A Short +History of the Legal and Judicial Polity of Great Britain, +attempted by Thos. Bever, LL.D., Advocate in Doctor's Commons, and +Fellow of All Souls College, Oxford, 1759." It is presented to +Richard Pennant, Esq.; and there is a letter from Mr. Bever to Mr. +Pennant wafered to the fly-leaf. At the close of the +"Advertisement," the author "earnestly requests that it [the work] +may not be suffered to fall into the hands of a bookseller, or be +copied, without his consent: and whenever it shall become useless, +and lose its value (if any it ever had) with the present owner, +that he will be kind enough to return it to the author if living, +or if dead, to any of his surviving family at Mortimer near +Reading, Berks."</p> +<p>In pious sympathy with this wish, I more than thirty years since +wrote a letter, addressed to "—— Bever, Esq., Mortimer, +near Reading, Berks," offering to give up the volume to any one +entitled to it under the above description; but my letter was +returned from the post office with the announcement "Not found" +upon it. I make this other attempt, if you are pleased to admit it, +through you; and immediate attention will be paid to any claim +which may appear in your pages.</p> +<p class="author">J.R.</p> +<hr class="full" /> +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page484" id= +"page484"></a>{484}</span> +<h2>QUERIES.</h2> +<h3>DR. RICHARD HOLSWORTH AND THOS. FULLER.</h3> +<p>Can any of your readers inform me who was the author of <i>The +Valley of Vision</i>, published in 1651 as the work of Dr. Richard +Holsworth, the Master of Emmanuel College, and Dean of Worcester. +In a preface to the reader, Fuller laments "that so worthy a man +should dye issulesse without leaving any books behind him for the +benefit of learning and religion." He adds that the private notes +which he had left behind him were dark and obscure; his hand being +legible only to himself, and almost useless for any other. The +sermon published as <i>The Valley of Vision</i> appears to have +been prepared for publication from the notes of a short-hand +writer. When Fuller published, about eleven years afterwards, his +<i>Worthies of England</i>, he wrote thus:—</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"Pity it is so learned a person left no monuments (save a +sermon) to posterity; for <i>I behold that posthume work as none of +his, named by the transcriber The Valley of Vision</i>, a Scripture +expression, but here misplaced.... This I conceived myself in +credit and conscience concerned to observe, because I was surprised +at the <i>preface</i> to the book, and will take the blame rather +than clear myself, when my innocency is complicated with the +accusing of others."</p> +</blockquote> +<p>If, as is probable, Dr. Holsworth, in this instance, preached +other men's sermons, which the short-hand writer afterwards gave to +the world as his, it is a singular fact, that in the preface of +this supposititious volume, Fuller speaks of the abuse of printed +sermons by some—</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"Who lazily imp their wings with other men's plumes, wherewith +they soar high in common esteeme, yet have not the ingenuity with +that son of the Prophet to confesse, Alasse! it was borrowed."</p> +</blockquote> +<p class="author">A.B.R.</p> +<hr /> +<h3>QUERIES UPON CUNNINGHAM'S HANDBOOK OF LONDON.</h3> +<p>We promised to make a few QUERIES on this amusing volume, and +thus redeem our promise.</p> +<p>Mr. Cunningham has been the first to point out the precise +situation of a spot often mentioned by our old dramatists, which +had baffled the ingenuity of Gifford, Dyce, and in fact of all the +commentators,—the notorious Picthatch. He thus describes +it:—</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"<i>Picthatch</i>, or <i>Pickehatch</i>.—A famous +receptacle for prostitutes and pickpockets, generally supposed to +have been in <i>Turnmill Street</i>, near Clerkenwell Green, but +its position is determined by a grant of the 33rd of Queen +Elizabeth, and a survey of 1649. What <i>was</i> Picthatch is a +street at the back of a narrow turning called Middle Row (formerly +Rotten Row) opposite the Charter-house wall in Goswell Street. The +name is still preserved in 'Pickax Yard' adjoining Middle Row."</p> +</blockquote> +<p>Why then, among the curious illustrations which he has brought +to bear upon the subject, has Mr. Cunningham omitted that of the +origin of the name from the "picks upon the hatch?" which is +clearly established both by Malone and Steevens, in their notes +upon "'twere not amiss to keep our door hatch'd," in Pericles.</p> +<p>The following is an excellent suggestion as to the origin of +the—</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"<i>Goat and Compasses.</i>—At Cologne, in the church of +Santa Maria in Capitolio, is a flat stone on the floor professing +to be the Grabstein der Brüder und Schwester eines ehrbaren +Wein-und Fass-Ampts, Anno 1693; that is, as I suppose, a vault +belonging to the Wine Coopers' Company. The arms exhibit a shield +with a pair of compasses, an axe, and a dray, or truck, with goats +for supporters. In a country like England, dealing so much at one +time in Rhenish wine, a more likely origin for such a sign could +hardly be imagined. For this information I am indebted to the +courtesy of Sir Edmund Head."</p> +</blockquote> +<p>Can Mr. Cunningham, Sir E. Head, or any of our correspondents +point out any German "Randle Holme" whose work may be consulted for +the purpose of ascertaining the arms, &c. of the various +professions, trades, &c. of that country?</p> +<p>Why has not Mr. Cunningham, in his description of <i>St. James' +Street</i>, mentioned what certainly existed long after the +commencement of the present century, the occasional "steps" which +there were in the foot-path—making the street a succession of +terraces. This fact renders intelligible the passage quoted from +Pope's letter to Mr. Pearse, in which he speaks of "y'e second +Terras in St. James' Street." Why, too, omit that characteristic +feature of the street, the rows of <i>sedan chairs</i> with which +it was formerly lined? The writer of this perfectly remembers +seeing Queen Charlotte in her sedan chair, going from the Queen's +Library in the Green Park to Buckingham House.</p> +<p>Mr. Cunningham states, we dare say correctly, that Sheridan died +at No. 17 Saville Row. We thought he had died at Mr. Peter Moore's, +in Great George Street, Westminster. Was he not living there +shortly before his death? and did not his funeral at Westminster +Abbey proceed from Mr. Moore's?</p> +<hr /> +<h3>ON A PASSAGE IN MACBETH.</h3> +<p>If any of your correspondents would favour me, I should like to +be satisfied with respect to the following passage in Macbeth; +which, as at present punctuated, is exceedingly obscure:—</p> +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"If it were done, when 'tis done, then 'twere well</p> +<p>It were done quickly: If the assassination</p> +<p>Could trammel up the consequence, and catch,</p> +<p>With his surcease, success; that but this blow</p> +<p>Might be the be-all and the end-all here,</p> +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page485" id= +"page485"></a>{485}</span> +<p>But here, upon this bank and shoal of time,—</p> +<p>We'd jump the life to come."</p> +</div> +</div> +<p>Now, I think by altering the punctuation, the sense of the +passage is at once made apparent, as thus,—</p> +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"If it were done when 'tis done then 'twere well.</p> +<p>It were done quickly, if the assassination</p> +<p>Could trammel up the consequence, and catch,</p> +<p>With his surcease, success, that but this blow</p> +<p>Might be the be-all and the end all here," &c.</p> +</div> +</div> +<p>but to make use of a paradox, it is <i>not</i> done when it +<i>is</i> done; for this reason, there is the conscience to torment +the evil-doer while living, and the dread of punishment in another +world after death: the "bank and shoal of time" refers to the +interval between life and death, and to "<i>jump</i>" the life to +come is to <i>hazard</i> it. The same thought occurs in +<i>Hamlet</i>, when he alludes to—</p> +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"That undiscovered country, from whose bourne</p> +<p>No traveller returns."</p> +</div> +</div> +<p>But that is clear enough, as in all probability the annotators +left the passage as they found it. I have not the opportunity of +consulting Mr. Collier's edition of Shakespeare, so that I am +unaware of the manner in which he renders it; perhaps I ought to +have done so before I troubled you. Possibly some of your readers +may be disposed to coincide with me in the "new reading;" and if +not, so to explain it that it may be shown it is my own obscurity, +and not Shakespeare's, with which I ought to cavil.</p> +<p>I have witnessed many representations of <i>Macbeth</i>, and in +every instance the passage referred to has been delivered as I +object to it: but that is not to be wondered at, for there are +professed admirers of Shakspeare among actors who read him +<i>not</i> as if they understood him, but who are—</p> +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"Full of sound and fury, signifying nothing."</p> +</div> +</div> +<p class="author">G. BLINK.</p> +<hr /> +<h3>MINOR QUERIES.</h3> +<p><i>As throng as Throp's Wife.</i>—As I was busy in my +garden yesterday, a parishioner, whose eighty-two years of age +render her a somewhat privileged person to have a gossip with, came +in to speak to me. With a view to eliciting material for a Note or +a Query, I said to her, "You see I am <i>as throng as Throp's +wife</i>;" to which she replied, "Aye, Sir, and <i>she</i> hanged +herself in the dishcloth." The answer is new to me; but the proverb +itself, as well as the one mentioned by "D.V.S." (No. 24. p. 382.) +"As lazy as Ludlum's dog, &c.," has been an especial object of +conjecture to me as long as I can remember. I send this as a +pendant to "D.V.S.'s" Query, in hopes of shortly seeing the origin +of <i>both</i> these curious sayings.</p> +<p class="author">J.E.</p> +<p>Ecclesfield, Sheffield, April 19. 1850.</p> +<p><i>Trimble Family.</i>—In a MS. account of the Fellows of +King's I find the following:—</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"1530.—Rich. Trimble, a very merry fellow, the fiddle of +the society, who called him 'Mad Trimble.' M. Stokes of 1531 wrote +this distich on him:—</p> +</blockquote> +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>'Os, oculi, mentum, dens, guttur, lingua, palatum</p> +<p class="i2">Sunt tibi; sed nasus, Trimbale, dic ubi sit?'</p> +</div> +</div> +<blockquote> +<p>By which it appears he had a very small nose; and this day, July +13, 1739, I hear that there is one Mr. R. Trimble of an English +family, an apothecary at Lisburn in Ireland, who is remarkable for +the same."</p> +</blockquote> +<p>As "NOTES AND QUERIES" circulate in Ireland, are there any of +the family of "Trimble" now in that country, and are they +distinguished by any such peculiarity?</p> +<p class="author">J.H.L.</p> +<p><i>The Word "Brozier."</i>—my brother Etonians will +feelingly recollect the word "Brozier," used by the boys for nearly +a century to denote any one who had spent his pocket-money; an +event of very frequent occurrence shortly after the holidays. There +were also sometimes attempts made to "<i>brozier my dame</i>," in +case a suspicion had arisen that the good lady's larder was not too +well supplied. The supper table was accordingly cleared of all the +provisions, and a further stock of eatables peremptorily +demanded.</p> +<p>I spell the word "brozier" as it is still pronounced; perhaps +some of your readers have seen it in print, and may be able to give +some account of its origin and etymology, and decide whether it is +exclusively belonging to Eton.</p> +<p class="author">BRAYBROOKE.</p> +<p>April 14.</p> +<hr class="full" /> +<h2>REPLIES.</h2> +<h3>THE DODO QUERIES.</h3> +<p>There is no mention of the Solitaire as inhabiting Bourbon, +either in Père Brown's letter or in the <i>Voyage de +l'Arabic Heureuse</i>, from whence the notice of the Oiseau Bleu +was extracted. I have since seen Dellon, <i>Rélation d'un +Voyage des Indes Orientales</i>, 2 vols. 12mo. Paris, 1685, in +which there is a brief notice of the Isle of Bourbon or Mascarin; +but neither the Dodo, the Solitaire, or the Oiseau Bleu are +noticed. The large Bat is mentioned, and the writer says that the +French who were on the island did not eat it, but only the Indians. +He also notices the tameness of the birds, and says that the +Flammand, with its long neck, is the only bird it was necessary to +use a gun against, the others being readily destroyed with a stick +or taken by hand.</p> +<p>Mr. Strickland's correction of the error about the monumental +evidence of the discovery of Bourbon by the Portuguese, in 1545, +will aid research into the period at which it was first visited and +named; but my stock of Portuguese literature is but small, and not +all of it accessible <span class="pagenum"><a name="page486" id= +"page486"></a>{486}</span> to me at present. In the meantime it may +be acceptable to Mr. Strickland to know, that there is a detailed +account of Portuguese discoveries in a book whose title would +hardly indicate it, in which one passage will probably interest +him. I allude to the rare and interesting folio volume printed at +Lisbon in 1571. <i>De Rebus Emanuelis Regis Lusitanie, invictissimi +Virtute et Auspicio Gestis, auctore Hieronymo Osorio Episcopo +Silvensis</i>. These annals embrace the period from 1495 to 1529. +In narrating the principal events of Vasco de Gama's first voyage, +after he had rounded the Cape of Good Hope on the 25th November, +1497, steering to the east along the southern coast of Africa, the +vessels anchor in the bay of St. Blaize, where—</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"In intimo sinu est parva quædam Insula, ad quam nostri +aquandi gratia naves-appulerunt. Ibi phocarum armenta conspexere +admiranda quædam multitudine. In quibus inerat tanta feritas +et truculentia, ut in homines irruerent. AVES etiam eo in loco +visæ sunt, quas incolas apellant SOLTICARIOS, pares anscribus +magnitudine: plumis minime vestiuntur, alas habent similes alis +verspertionum: volare nequeunt, sed explicatis alarum membranis, +cursum celeritate summa conficiunt."</p> +</blockquote> +<p>The islet was probably that of <i>La Cruz</i>; but what were the +birds? and what was the indigenous name which is represented by +<i>Solticarios</i>? It is possible that some of your correspondents +may be familiar with the original narration which Osorio follows, +or Mr. Strickland may be able to solve the question.</p> +<p>I may just remark, that my observation respecting the +improbability of Tradescant's stuffed specimen having been a +fabrication could hardly be considered superfluous, seeing that +some naturalists, Dr. Gray, I believe, among others, had suggested +that it most probably was one.</p> +<p class="author">S.W. SINGER.</p> +<p>May 3. 1850.</p> +<hr /> +<h3>ABBEY OF ST. WANDRILLE.</h3> +<p>In reply to the Vicar of Ecclesfield (No. 24. p. 382.), I am +sorry to say that the "Chronicle of the Abby of St. Wandrille," to +which I alluded (No. 21. p. 338.), contains nothing relating to the +subject of his inquiry. The Abbey of Fontanelle, or St. Wandrille, +was founded A.D. 645; and this chronicle contains a very concise +account of a few only of its abbots and most celebrated members, +down to the year 834: written, it is supposed, by a cotemporary of +Ansegisus, the last abbot therein mentioned. It is followed by an +appendix containing a compilation from a book on miracles wrought +in the translation of the body of St. Wilfran, by an "eye-witness," +which also recounts incidentally some of the acts of the abbots of +St. Wandrille to the year 1053. Acheri speaks of persons who had +been long engaged in collecting memorials of the history of this +abbey up to the time of his writing, 1659. Whether these have ever +been published, I have not the means at this moment of +ascertaining. Some account of this abbey, with views of its ruins, +will be found in that splendid work, <i>Voyages dans L'Ancienne +France</i>, by Nodier, &c., vol. i.</p> +<p>The following notes from this chronicle may not be without +interest, as showing an early connection between the abbey and this +country, and our attachment to the See of Rome.</p> +<p>Chapter V. is devoted to the praise of BAGGA, a monk and +presbyter of this abbey, who is said to have been "ex +Britanniâ Oceani insula Saxonico ex genere ortus." He died, +and was buried in the abbey, between the years 707 and 723; on +which occasion the Abbot Benignus is said to have exclaimed, "O +signifer fortissime Christi militiæ BAGGA, nunc mercedem +laborum lætus accipis tuorum. Deprecare ipsum benignum +Dominum, ut unà tecum mereamur gaudere consortiis justorum +per ævum." Here is a prayer not for, but <i>to</i> the +dead.</p> +<p>During the presidency of AUSTRULPHUS (ch. 13.), which began in +747 and ended in 753, a certain receptacle, in the form of a small +<i>pharos</i>, was driven ashore in the district of Coriovallum, +which contained a very fair copy of the four Gospels, beautifully +written in Roman characters on the purest vellum; and part of the +precious jaw of St. George the Martyr, as well as a portion of the +"health-bearing" wood of the true cross, duly labelled. The +acquisition of this treasure was of course ascribed to the +immediate interposition of God. And as about the same period the +head of St. George was discovered at Rome, through the intervention +of Pope Zachary, it was conjectured that this pontiff had given the +wonder-working relic to some venerable men from <i>Britain</i>, a +country described as being "always on the most intimate footing +(<i>maximè familiares</i>) with the Apostolic See;" and +that, these being wrecked on their voyage home, or through some +other adventure, the said treasure was providentially driven ashore +at Coriovallum.</p> +<p>Chapter XV. gives us an account of GERVOLDUS, who ruled this +abbey eighteen years, dying A.D. 806. He had been ambassador from +Charlemagne to Offa, King of Mercia. The son of Charlemagne +demanded the daughter of Offa in marriage, who refused his consent, +unless his own son should receive the hand of Bertha, the daughter +of the French king. Charles, in consequence, inhibited the subjects +of Offa from trading on the French coast. This inhibition was, +however, withdrawn through the mediation of the Abbot Gervoldus, +who seems to have been in great favour with Charles.</p> +<p>I need hardly say, that throughout the chronicle there is a +tolerable sprinkling of the marvellous. <span class= +"pagenum"><a name="page487" id="page487"></a>{487}</span> I give +you the following as a warning to all dishonest bell-founders.</p> +<p>The pious builder of a church being desirous, according to +custom, of putting a bell in the turret, engaged a skillful +craftsman to carry into effect his design. This man, "at the +instigation of the devil," stole some of the metal with which he +had been furnished for the work; and the bell was, in consequence, +mis-shapen and of small size. It was, however, placed in the +turret; but, as a divine punishment for his crime, whenever the +bell was struck, the dishonest founder was thereupon seized with +frenzy, uttering strange words and barking like a dog!</p> +<p class="author">GASTROS.</p> +<hr /> +<h3>ORIGIN OF THE WORD "NEWS."</h3> +<p>I have great respect for "Mr. SAMUEL HICKSON," but I cannot +treat his derivation of the word "News" with any respect (No. 27. +p. 428.). I wish "Mr. HICKSON" had been a little more modest in his +manner of propounding his novelty. Can any thing be more dogmatic +than his assertions? which I will recapitulate as much as possible +in his own words, before I proceed to deal with them.</p> +<p>1. "I have never had the least doubt that this word is derived +immediately from the German."</p> +<p>2. "It is, in fact, 'das Neue' in the genitive case;" and "Mr. +H." proceeds to mention the German phrase, "Was giebt's Neues?" as +giving the exact sense of our "What is the news?" [which cannot be +gainsaid; but I shall have a word to say presently about +<i>neues</i> in that phrase being the genitive case.]</p> +<p>3. "That the word is not derived from the English adjective +'new,'—that it is not of English manufacture at all—I +feel well assured."</p> +<p>4. "In that case '<i>s</i>' would be the sign of the plural; and +we should have, as the Germans have, either extant or obsolete, +also 'the new.'" [I do not see the <i>sequitur</i>.]</p> +<p>5 "'News' is a noun singular, and as such must have been adopted +bodily into the language."</p> +<p>Such are "Mr. HICKSON's" principal assertions: and when I add, +that he has found out that the German "neu" was in olden time spelt +"new," so that the genitive, "newes," was identical with the old +form of the English word "news;" and that he explains the +transformation of a genitive case of a German adjective into an +English substantive by English ignorance, which he further thinks +is exemplified by the Koran having been called "the Alkoran," in +ignorance of "<i>Al</i>" meaning "the," I have given not only all +of his assertions, but also the whole of his argument.</p> +<p>I now proceed to assert on my part that the word "news" is not +"derived immediately from the German," and "has not been adopted +bodily into our language;" that the English "new" and German "neu" +have, however, of course the same origin, their common root being +widely spread in other languages, as [Greek: neos], Gr.; +<i>norus</i>, Lat.; <i>neuf</i>, Fr., &c.; that "news" is a +noun of plural form and plural meaning, like <i>goods</i>, +<i>riches</i>, &c.; that its peculiar and frequent use is quite +sufficient to account for its having come to be used as a singular +noun ("riches," by the way, may be prefixed sometimes to a singular +verb, as "riches is a cause of corruption"); that Mr. HICKSON might +as well say that "goods" is derived immediately from "gutes," the +genitive of "gut;" and "riches" from "reiches," the genitive of +"reich:" and also that if "<i>s</i>" in "goods," and "<i>es</i>" in +"riches" are signs of the plural, "we should have, as the Germans +have, either extant or obsolete," the "good," "the rich," (not that +I quite understand this part of "Mr. HICKSON's" argument): and, +lastly, I assert that I believe that <i>Neues</i>, in the phrase +"Was giebt's Neues?" is not the genitive, but the nominative +neuter, so that the phrase is to be literally translated "What is +there new?"</p> +<p>As regards the derivation of "News," I wish you had allowed the +question to rest as it stood after the sensible remarks of "A.E.B." +(No. 23. p. 369.). Pray excuse me, Sir, for expressing a hope that +you will ponder well before you again allow us to be puzzled on so +plain a subject, and give circulation and your sanction to +paradoxes, even though coming from one so entitled to attention as +"Mr. HICKSON."</p> +<p>The early communication between the English and German +languages, of which "Mr. HICKSON" puts forward the derivation of +"news" from "neues" as an instance, may be an interesting and +profitable subject of inquiry; but as I think he has been +singularly unfortunate in the one instance, so I do not think him +particularly happy in his other. I see no further resemblance +between Heywood's "Song in praise of his Mistress," and the early +German poem, than what <i>might</i> arise from treatment of the +same and a very common subject.</p> +<p>I am not enough of an etymologist to give you the root of the +word "noise." But my faith in "Mr. HICKSON" in this capacity is not +strong enough to lead me to believe, on his dictum, that "news" and +"noise" are the same word; and when, pursuing his fancy about +"neues," he goes on to say that "noise" is "from a dialect from +which the modern German pronunciation of the dipthong is derived," +I fear his pronunciation of German is faulty, if he pronounces +<i>eu</i> in "Neues" like <i>oi</i> in "noise."</p> +<p class="note">[We differ from our correspondent on this point, +and think that here, at all events, Mr. HICKSON has the advantage +of the argument.]</p> +<p>I beg to repeat that for "Mr. HICKSON" I feel great respect. If +he knew my name, he would probably know nothing about me; but I +happen <span class="pagenum"><a name="page488" id= +"page488"></a>{488}</span> to know of him, what perhaps, some of +your readers do not, that he has unostentatiously rendered many +considerable services not only to literature but to our social and +political interests. In my humble opinion, his recent essay in your +columns on <i>The Taming of the Shrew</i> is a contribution to our +literary history which you may be proud of having published. But I +feel that I cannot too strongly protest against his derivation of +"News."</p> +<p class="author">CH.</p> +<hr /> +<h3>REPLIES TO MINOR QUERIES.</h3> +<p><i>Dr. Whichcot and Lord Shaftesbury</i> (No. 24. p. 382., No. +27. p. 444.).—I am obliged to "COLL. REGAL. SOCIUS" for his +notice of my inquiry. The Lord Chamberlain and Chancellor of +Cambridge University mentioned in Lord Lauderdale's letter to Dr. +Whichcot, is the Earl of Manchester. Shaftesbury was never either +Lord Chamberlain or Chancellor of Cambridge.</p> +<p>I may mention that Whichcot's intimacy with Lord Shaftesbury +would probably have been brought about by his being incumbent of +the church of St. Lawrence Jewry, Shaftesbury having his London +house in the latter part of his life in Aldersgate Street.</p> +<p>If it is not committing unpardonable trespass on that useful +part of your publication in which books and odd volumes are asked +for, I will go on to say that I should be glad to have a copy of +the volume of Whichcot's <i>Sermons</i> (1698) which the third Lord +Shaftesbury edited, at a reasonable price.</p> +<p class="author">CH.</p> +<p><i>Elizabeth and Isabel</i> (No. 27. p. 439.).—Mr. Thomas +Duffus Hardy, in his evidence on the Camoys Peerage case (June 18. +1838, Evidence, p. 351.) proved that the names of Isabella and +Elizabeth were in ancient times used indifferently, and +particularly in the reigns of Edward I. and Edward III. Mr. Hardy +says in his evidence:—</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"In the British Museum there is a Latin letter of Elizabeth of +Austria, Queen of Charles IX. of France, to Queen Elizabeth of +England. In the Latin she is called Elizabetha, and she signs her +name Ysabel. In the <i>Chronicle de St. Denis</i>, in the year +1180, it is stated, 'Le jor martmes espousa la noble Roine Ysabel,' +'Upon this day, Queen Elizabeth was married;' and in <i>Rigordus de +Gestis Philippi Augusti Regis Francois</i> it is stated, 'Tune +inuncta fuit Elizabeth uxor ejus venerabilis foemina;' and Moreri +says she is called 'Elizabeth or Izabeau de Hainault, Queen of +France, wife of Philippe Auguste.' Camden, in his <i>Remains</i>, +says, 'Isabel is the same as Elizabeth;' that the Spaniards always +translate Elizabeth into Isabel, and the French into Izabeau. I +have seen in the British Museum a deed, in which the name +Elizabetha is written in Latin; on the seal it is Isabella. In the +<i>Inquisitiones post Mortem</i> I have frequently seen Ysabella +returned in one country and Elizabetha in an other for the same +person. I have something like a dozen other instances from Moreri, +in which he says that Elizabeth and Isabella or Isabeau are the +same. Elizabeth or Izabeau de France, dau. of Lewis VIII. and +Blanche of Castella; Elizabeth or Isabelle d'Aragon, Queen of +France, wife of Philippe III., surnamed le Hardie; Elizabeth or +Isabeau de Bavière, Queen of France, wife of Charles VI.; +Elizabeth or Isabeau d'Angoulême, wife of King John of +England; Elizabeth or Isabeau de France, Queen of England, dau. of +Philippe IV.; Elizabeth or Isabelle of France, Queen of Richard +II.; Elizabeth or Isabelle de France, Queen of Navarre; Elizabeth +or Isabelle de Valois, dau. of Charles of France; Elizabeth or +Isabelle de France, dau. of Philippe le Long, King of France; +Elizabeth or Isabelle de France, Duchess of Milan; Elizabeth or +Isabelle, Queen of Philippe V. of Spain."</p> +</blockquote> +<p class="author">WM. DURRANT COOPER.</p> +<p>81. Guildford Street, May 4. 1850.</p> +<p><i>Elizabeth—Isabel.</i>—The Greek word [Greek: +Elisabet] (Luke, i. 5. &c.) from which Elizabeth, or +<i>Elisabeth</i>, must have been adopted as a Christian name, is +used by the LXX. (Exodus, vi. 23.) to express the Hebrew [Hebrew: +Elisheba], the name of Aaron's wife. This at once directs us to the +verb [Hebrew: shaba], or rather to its Niphal, [Hebrew: nishba], +for the <i>Kal</i> form does not occur, <i>to swear</i>; for the +combination of letters in [Hebrew: el isshaba], <i>God will +swear</i>, or <i>God sweareth</i>, is the same as that in the +proper name. Now let us transpose the verb and its nominative case, +and we have [Hebrew: ishaba el], which a Greek translator might +soften into [Greek: Isabel].</p> +<p>The use of [Greek: Elisabet] both by the LXX. and the +Evangelist, makes it probable that the mother of John the Baptist, +who was <i>of the daughters of Aaron</i> (Luke, i. 5.), was known +amongst her own people by the recognized and <i>family</i> name of +<i>Elisheba</i>, as <i>Anna</i> no doubt would be <i>Hannah</i> +([Hebrew: hanah]), and <i>Mary, Miriam</i> ([Greek: Mariam], Luke, +i. 27.). And this is confirmed by the Syriac version, the +vernacular, or nearly so, of Our Blessed Lord and His disciples, +which has [Syriac: elisheba].</p> +<p>Genesius, in his <i>Lexicon</i>, explains Elisheba to mean "cui +Deus est sacramentum," "quæ jurat per Deum, <i>i.e.</i> Dei +cultrix: cf. Is. xix. 18." I should rather take it to be a name +expressive of trust in God's promises or oath, such as +<i>Elijah</i>, "the LORD is my God;" <i>Isaiah</i>, "the LORD is my +salvation;" <i>Ezekiel</i>, "God strengtheneth." Schleusner +(<i>Lex. N.T.</i>) says that others derived it from [Hebrew: saba], +<i>saturavit</i>; "sic in Alberti <i>Gloss. N.T.</i>, p. 87. +explicatur, [Greek: Theou mou plaesmonae]." Wolfius, in his note on +Luke, i. 5., refers to Witsii <i>Miscellanea</i>, tom. ii. p. 478., +to which I must refer your correspondent "A.C.," as I have not the +book by me.</p> +<p>Camden must, of course, have derived the name <span class= +"pagenum"><a name="page489" id="page489"></a>{489}</span> from +[Hebrew: shabath], <i>to rest</i>; but I think we must rather defer +to the authority of the LXX. And though [Hebrew: el ishaboth] may +give us <i>Elisabeth</i>, we shall not be able to deduce +<i>Isabel</i> from [Hebrew: ishboth el] quite so easily.</p> +<p class="author">B.</p> +<p>L —— Rectory, S ——, May 4. 1850.</p> +<p><i>Trunck Breeches</i> (No. 24. p. 384.), more commonly called +"trunk-hose," were short wide breeches reaching a little above, or +sometimes below the knees, stuffed with hair, and striped. (See +<i>The Oxford Manual for Brasses</i>, p. cvi.; and Planche's +<i>British Costume</i>, pp. 334-339. new ed.) Two years ago, I saw +in the Strand an old man with a <i>queue</i>; a sight which I made +a note of as soon as I got home, influenced by the same motive +that, no doubt, led Smith in 1640 to append to the death of "old +Mr. Grice" the remark, "who wore truncke breeches," namely, the +antique singularity of the habiliment.</p> +<p class="author">ARUN.</p> +<p><i>Mercenary Preacher</i> (No. 24. p. 384.).—I think +mercenary here is used in its primary signification, and in the +sense in which we still apply it to troops in the pay of a state +foreign to their own; to designate one who, having no settled cure, +was at liberty to be "hired" by those who had occasion for his +services.</p> +<p class="author">ARUN.</p> +<p><i>Abdication of James the Second</i> (No. 3. p. +40.).—"J.E." would probably hear of the MSS. mentioned by Sir +Harris Nicholas, on application to the Rev. Sir Thomas Miller, +Bart., Froyle, near Alton, Hants.</p> +<p class="author">E.W.</p> +<p>Clifton.</p> +<p><i>Toom Shawn Cattie</i> (No. 24. p. 383.).—An +entertaining volume, containing the life and adventures of Twm Sion +Catti, was published at Biulth some years ago, by Mr. Jeffery +Llewelyn Prichard, who recently told me it was out of print, and +that inquiries had been made for the book which might probably lead +to a new and improved edition.</p> +<p class="author">ELIJAH WARING.</p> +<p>Dowry Parade, Clifton.</p> +<p><i>Wotton's Poem to Lord Bacon</i> (No. 19. p. 302.).—The +poem communicated by Dr. Rimbault, with the heading, "To the Lord +Bacon when falling from Favour," and with the remark that he does +"not remember to have seen it in print," was written by Sir Henry +Wotton, and may be found under the title, "Upon the sudden +restraint of the <i>Earl of Somerset</i>, then falling from +Favour," in all the old editions of the <i>Reliquiæ +Wottonianæ</i> (1651, 1654, 1672, and 1685), as well as in +the modern editions of Sir Henry's poems, by Mr. Dyce and Mr. +Hannah. It was also printed as Wotton's in Clarke's <i>Aurea +Legenda</i>, 1682, p. 97., and more recently in Campbell's +<i>Specimens</i>, in both cases, doubtless, from <i>Rel. +Wotton</i>. The misapplication of it to Lord Bacon's fall dates +from an unauthorised publication in 1651, which misled Park in his +edition of Walpole's <i>Royal and Noble Authors</i>, ii. 208. In +stanza 3. line 2. of Dr. Rimbault's copy, "burst" should be +"trust."</p> +<p class="author">R.A.</p> +<p>"<i>My Mind to Me a Kingdom is</i>" (No. 19. p. 302.).—The +following note, from the Introduction to Mr. Hannah's edition of +the Poems of Sir H. Wotton and Sir Walter Raleigh, 1845, p. lxv., +will answer Dr. Rimbault's Query, and also show that a claim had +been put in for Sir E. Dyer before Mr. Singer's very valuable +communication to "NOTES AND QUERIES," p. 355.</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"There are three copies of verses on that model; two of which, +viz., one of four stanzas and another of size, were printed by Byrd +in 1588. They have been reprinted from his text in <i>Cens. Lit</i> +ii. 108-110, and <i>Exc. Tudor</i>, i. 100-103. Percy inserted them +in the <i>Reliques</i> with some alterations and additions; but he +changed his mind more than once as to whether they were two +distinct poems, or only the discovered parts of one (see i. +292-294. 303., ed. 1767; and i. 307-310. ed. 1839). The third +(containing four stanzas) is among Sylvester's <i>Posthumous +Poems</i> p. 651.; and Ellis reprinted it under his name. In +<i>Cens. Lit.</i> ii. 102., another copy of it is given from a +music book by Gibbons, 1612. Now the longest, and apparently the +earliest of these poems is signed 'E. DIER,' in MS. Rawl. Poet. +35., fol. 17. That copy contains <i>eight</i> stanzas, and one of +the two which are not in Byrd corresponds with a stanza which Percy +added. The following are the reasons which incline us to trust this +MS.:—(1.) Because it is the very MS. to which reference is +commonly made for several of Dyer's unprinted poems, as by Dr. +Bliss, <i>A.O.</i> i. 743.; and apparently by Mr. Dyce, ed. of +Greene, i. p. xxxv. n.; and by Park, note on Warton, iii. 230. Park +is the only person I can recollect who has mentioned this +particular poem in the MS., and he cannot have read more than the +first line, for he only says, 'one of them bears the popular burden +of "My mind to me a kingdom is."' (2.) Because it is quite +impossible that Dyer wrote many extant poems, of which he is not +known to be the author; for, as Mr. Dyce says, none of his +(<i>acknowledged</i>) productions 'have descended to our times that +seem to justify the contemporary applause which he received.' (3.) +Because I cannot discover that there is any other claimant to this +poem. One of Greene's poems ends with the line,</p> +</blockquote> +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>'A mind content both crown and kingdom is.'"</p> +</div> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>(<i>Works</i>, ii. 288., ed. Dyce.)</p> +</div> +</div> +<p>It will be observed that no mention is here made of the copy in +Breton's tract; therefore this summary gains from both the +correspondents of "NOTES AND QUERIES"—an addition from the +one, a corroboration from the other.</p> +<p class="author">R.A.</p> +<p><i>Gesta Grayorum</i> (No. 22. p. 351.).—"J.S." is +informed that copies of the <i>Gesta Grayorum</i> are by no means +uncommon. It was originally printed <span class="pagenum"><a name= +"page490" id="page490"></a>{490}</span> for <i>one shilling</i>; +but the bibliomaniac must now pay from <i>twenty</i> to <i>thirty +shillings</i> for a copy. The original, printed in 1688, does not +contain the second part, which was published by Mr. Nichols for the +first time. Copies are in the Bodleian, and in the University +Library, Cambridge.</p> +<p class="author">EDWARD F. RIMBAULT.</p> +<p><i>Marylebone Gardens</i> (No. 24. p. 383.).—These gardens +were finally closed in 1777-8. It is not generally known that, +previous to the year 1737, this "fashionable" place of amusement +was entered <i>gratis</i> by all ranks of people; but the company +becoming more "select," Mr. Gough, the proprietor, determined to +charge a shilling as entrance money, for which the party paying was +to receive an equivalent in viands.</p> +<p class="author">EDWARD F. RIMBAULT.</p> +<p><i>Mother of Thomas à Becket</i> (No. 26. p. +415.).—An inspection of some of the numerous legends touching +the blessed martyr, St. Thomas of Canterbury, would probably supply +many interesting particulars concerning the story of his father's +romantic marriage. But the most important narrative is that of +Herbert Bosham, Becket's secretary, who, it will be remembered, was +present at his martyrdom. Bosham's <i>Vita et Res Gestæ +Thomæ Episcopi Cantuariensis</i> is published in the +<i>Quadrilogus</i>, Paris, 1495. Consult also the French +translation of Peter Langtoft, and the English one by Laurence +Wade, a Benedictine monk of Canterbury. Robert of Gloucester's +metrical <i>Legend of the Life and Martyrdom of Thomas Beket</i>, +published by the Percy Society, under the editorial care of Mr. +W.H. Black, fully confirms the "romance;" as also do the later +historians, Hollingshed, Fox, and Baker.</p> +<p class="author">EDWARD F. RIMBAULT.</p> +<p><i>Dr. Strode's Poem</i> (no. 10. p. 147.).—Dr. Strode's +poem, beginning—</p> +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p class="i2">"Return my joys, and hither bring—"</p> +</div> +</div> +<p>which Dr. Rimbault does "not remember to have seen in print," is +in Ellis's <i>Specimens</i>, iii. 173. ed. 1811. He took it from +<i>Wit Restored</i>, p. 66. ed. 1658, or i. 168. reprint. It is the +second poem mentioned by Dr. Bliss, <i>A.O.</i> iii. 152., as +occurring with Strode's name in MS. Rawl. 142.</p> +<p class="author">R.A.</p> +<p>"<i>All to-broke</i>" (No. 25. p. 395.).—Surely the +explanation of Judges, ix. 53, is incorrect. Ought not the words to +be printed "and all-to brake his scull," where "all-to" = +"altogether"?</p> +<p class="author">R.A.</p> +<p><i>Woolton's Christian Manual</i> (No. 25. p. 399.).—There +is a copy in the Grenville Collection.</p> +<p class="author">NOVUS.</p> +<p><i>Tract by F.H.</i> (No. 25. p. 400.).—"J.E." may advance +his knowledge about F.H. slightly, by referring to Herbert's +<i>Ames</i>, p. 1123.</p> +<p class="author">NOVUS.</p> +<p><i>Duke of Marlborough</i> (No. 26. p. 415.).—Your +correspondent "BURIENSIS" is referred to the Trial of William +Barnard, Howell's <i>State Trials</i>, xix. 815-846.; the case of +Rex <i>v.</i> Fielding, Esq., Burrow's <i>Reports</i>, ii. 719. and +Lounger's <i>Common Place Book</i>, tit. Barnard, William. The +greater part of this latter article is in Leigh Hunt's <i>One +Hundred Romances of Real Life</i>, No. 1.</p> +<p class="author">C.H. COOPER.</p> +<p>Cambridge, April 29. 1850.</p> +<p class="note">["C.I.R." refers "BURIENSIS" to Burke's +<i>Celebrated Trials connected with the Aristocracy</i>, London, +1848; and "J.P. Jun." refers to Leigh Hunt's <i>London Journal</i>, +No. 1. p. 5., No. 3. p. 24.]</p> +<p><i>Lord Carrington or Karinthon</i> (No. 27. p. 440.).—The +nobleman about whom "C." inquires, was Sir Charles Smith, created +an English baron 19 Charles I., by the title of Lord Carrington, +and afterwards advanced to the dignity of an Irish Viscount under +the same name. These honours were conferred upon him for his +services to the King in the time of his majesty's great +distresses.</p> +<p>On the 20th Feb., 1655, whilst travelling in France, Lord +Carrington was barbarously murdered by one of his servants for the +sake of his money and jewels, and buried at Pontoise. (Bankes' +<i>Dormant and Extinct Peerage</i>, vol. iii. p. 155.) The title +became extinct circiter 1705.</p> +<p class="author">BRAYBOOKE.</p> +<p>Lord Monson presents his compliments to the Editor of "NOTES AND +QUERIES," and has the pleasure of answering a Query contained in +this day's Number, p. 440.; and takes the liberty of adding +another.</p> +<p>The English nobleman murdered at Pontoise was Charles Smith, +Viscount Carrington of Barrefen, Ireland, and Baron Carrington of +Wotton Warem, co. Warwick; the date in the pedigrees of the murder +is usually given 1666, probably March 1665-6.</p> +<p>The last Lord Carrington died 17 May, 1706: the estates of +Wotton came to Lewis Smith, who married Eliz., daughter of William +Viscount Monson, and relict of Sir Philip Hungate. His son Francis +Smith Carrington died in 1749, and left one daughter and heir. What +relation was Lewis Smith to the Smiths Lord Carrington? No pedigree +gives the connection.</p> +<p>Dover, May 4. 1850.</p> +<p class="note">["J.M.W." has kindly answered this Query; so also +has "W.M.T.," who adds, "Lord Carrington, previously Sir Charles +Smith, brother to Sir John Smith, who fell on the King's side at +Alresford in 1644, being Commissary-General of the Horse. By the +way, Bankes says it was his <i>son</i> John who fell at Alresford, +but it is more likely to have been, as Clarendon states, his +brother, unless he lost there both a brother and a son."]</p> +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page491" id= +"page491"></a>{491}</span> +<p><i>Esquires and Gentlemen.</i>—I would ask your +correspondent (No. 27. p. 437.), whether he has ascertained <i>the +grounds of distinction</i> made in the seventeenth and in the early +part of the eighteenth century, between <i>esquires</i> and +<i>gentlemen</i>, when both were landed proprietors? We find lists +of names of governors of hospitals, trustees, &c., where this +distinction is made, and which, apparently, can only be accounted +for on this ground, that the estates of the gentleman were smaller +in extent than those of the esquire; and, consequently, that the +former was so far a person of less consideration. Had the bearing +of coat armour, or a connection with knighthood, any thing to do +with the matter?</p> +<p class="author">J.H. MARKLAND.</p> +<p>Bath, May.</p> +<p><i>Early Inscriptions.</i>—The excellent remarks by +"T.S.D." on "Arabic Numerals, &c." (No. 18. p. 279.) have put +me in mind of two cases which in some degree confirm the necessity +for his caution respecting pronouncing definitively on the +authenticity of old inscriptions, and especially those on "Balks +and Beams" in old manorial dwellings. The house in which I spent +the greater portion of my youth was a mansion of the olden time, +whose pointed gables told a tale of years; and whose internal walls +and principal floors, both below and above stairs, were formed of +"raddle and daub." It had formerly belonged to a family of the name +of Abbot; but the "last of the race" was an extravagant libertine, +and after spending a handsome patrimonial estate, ended his days as +a beggar. Abbot House was evidently an ancient structure; but +unfortunately, as tradition stated, a stone, bearing the date of +its erection, had been carelessly lost during some repairs. +However, in my time, on the white wainscot of a long lobby on the +second floor, the initials, "T.H. 1478," were distinctly traced in +black paint, and many persons considered this as nothing less than +a "true copy" of the lost inscription. Subsequent inquiry, however, +finally settled the point; for the inscription was traced to the +rude hand of one of the workmen formerly employed in repairing the +building, who naively excused himself by declaring that he +considered it "a pity so old a house should be without a year of +our Lord."</p> +<p>The second instance is that of the occurrence of "four nearly +straight lines" on one of the compartments of a fine old font in +Stydd Church, near Ribchester, which many visitors have mistaken +for the date "1178." A closer scrutiny, however, soon dispels the +illusion; and a comparison of this with similar inscriptions on the +old oak beams of the roof, soon determines it to be nothing more +than a rude, or somewhat defaced, attempt to exhibit the sacred +monogram "I.H.S."</p> +<p class="author">J.W.</p> +<p>Burnley, April 27. 1850.</p> +<p><i>American Aborigines called Indians</i> (No. 16. p. +254.).—I believe the reason is that the continent in which +they live passed under the name of <i>India</i>, with the whole of +the New World discovered at the close of the fifteenth century. It +is, of course, unnecessary to dwell upon the fact of Columbus +believing he had discovered a new route to India by sailing due +west; or upon the acquiescence of the whole world in that idea, the +effects of which have not yet passed away; for we not only hear in +Seville, even now, of the "India House" meaning house of management +of affairs for the "New World," but we even retain ourselves the +name of the West Indies, given as unwarrantably to the islands of +the Caribbean Sea. It is needless to do more than allude to this, +and to other misnomers still prevalent, notwithstanding the fact of +the notions or ideas under which the names were originally given +having long since been exploded; such as the "four quarters of the +globe," the "four elements," &c. If your correspondent searches +for the solution of his difficulty on different grounds from those +I have mentioned, it would not satisfy him to be more diffuse; and +if the whole reason be that which I conceive, quite enough has been +said upon the subject.</p> +<p class="author">G.W.</p> +<p>89. Hamilton Terrace, St. John's Wood.</p> +<p>"Northman" is informed, that on the discovery of America by +Columbus, when he landed at Guanahani (now called Cat Island), he +thought, in conformity with his theory of the spherical shape of +the earth, that he had landed on one of the islands lying at the +eastern extremity of India; and with this belief he gave the +inhabitants the name of Indians. The following quotations will +perhaps be interesting:—</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"America persæpe dicitur, sed improprie, Indiæ +Occidentales, <i>les Indes Occidentales</i>, Gallis, <i>West +Inde</i>, Belgis: Non tantum ab Hispanis, qui illam denominationem +primi usurparunt, sed etiam a Belgis, Anglis, et aliquando a +Francis, quod eodem fere tempore detecta sit ad occidentem, quo ad +Orientem India reperta est."—<i>Hofmanni Lexicon Univ.</i> +1677, sub titulo "<i>America</i>."</p> +<p>"At eadem terra nonnullis <i>India Occidentalis</i>, nuncupatur, +quia eodem tempore, quo India Orientalis in Asia, hæc etiam +delecta fuit; tum quod utriusque incolis similis ac pene eadern +ivendi ratio: nudi quippe utrique agunt."—<i>P. Clurerii +Introduct. in Univ. Geographiam</i>, Cap. xi (iv.) 1711.</p> +<p>"The most improper name of all, and yet not much less used than +that of <i>America</i>, is the <i>West Indies</i>: <i>West</i>, in +regard of the western situation of it from these parts of Europe; +and <i>Indies</i>, either as mistook for some part of India at the +first discovery, or else because the seamen use to call all +countries, if remote and rich, by the name of +<i>India</i>."—<i>Heylyn's Cosmography</i>, 1677, Book iv., +sub initio.</p> +</blockquote> +<p>It is almost needless to mention, that India received +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page492" id= +"page492"></a>{492}</span> its name from the river <i>Indus</i>; +and that <i>Indus</i> and [Greek: Indos] are the Roman and Greek +forms of <i>Sindo</i>, the name it was known by among the +natives.</p> +<p class="author">HENRY KERSLEY.</p> +<p>Corpus Christi Hall, Maidstone.</p> +<p class="note">[We have received many other replies to this Query, +referring "NORTHMAN" to Robertson's <i>History of America</i>, and +Humboldt's <i>Aspects, &c.</i>, vol. ii. p. 319.]</p> +<p><i>Vox Populi Vox Dei</i> (No. 20. p. 321.).—Your +correspondent "QUÆSITOR" asks for the origin of the saying +<i>Vox populi Vox Dei</i>. Warwick, in his <i>Spare Minutes</i> +(1637), says—</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"That the voice of the common people is the voice of God, is the +common voice of the people; yet it is as full of falsehood as +commonnesse. The cry before Pilate's judgement-seat, 'Let him be +crucified,' was <i>vox populi</i>, 'the cry of all the people.' How +far was it the voice of God?"</p> +</blockquote> +<p class="author">M.</p> +<p class="note">[Mr. G. Cornewall Lewis, in his valuable <i>Essay +on the Influence of Authority in Matters of Opinion</i>, p. 172., +has some very interesting remarks upon this proverb, which, "in its +original sense, appears to be an echo of some of the sentences in +the classical writers, which attribute a divine or prophetic +character to common fame or rumour." See pp. 172, 173., and the +accompanying Notes.]</p> +<p><i>Dutch Language</i> (No. 24. p. 383.).—"E.V." will find +Holtrop's <i>Dictionary</i> in 2 vols. one of the best. Werninck's +<i>Pocket Dictionary</i> is very good: also Tauchnitz's <i>Dutch +and French</i> (pocket): also Picard's <i>English and Dutch</i>. +Jansen's is not bad. Swier's <i>Grammar</i> is a good one; but I do +not know whether there is any late edition. See Williams and +Norgate, or Quaritch.</p> +<p class="author">AREDJID KOOEZ.</p> +<p class="note">[Messrs. Williams and Norgate have also obligingly +answered this Query, by the following list:—</p> +<p class="note">PYL (R. van der), A practical Grammar of the Dutch +Language, 8vo. Rotterd. 1826, 8<i>s.</i></p> +<p class="note">AHN (F.) Neue holländische Sprachlehre nebst +Lesestucke, 12mo. Cref. 1841, 2<i>s.</i></p> +<p class="note">AHN (F) holländische Umgangsprache, 12mo. +1846, 1<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p> +<p class="note">PICARD (H.) A new Pocket Dictionary of the English +and Dutch Languages, remodelled and corrected from the best +Authorities. Zalt-bommel, 1848, 10<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p> +<p class="note">DICTIONNAIRE Hollandais et Français. 16mo. +Leipzig, 4<i>s.</i></p> +<p class="note">HOLLANDISCH u. deutsches Taschen-wörterbuch. +16mo. 4<i>s.</i>]</p> +<p>"<i>Salting.</i>"—Salt is said by all writers upon magic +to be particularly disagreeable to evil spirits; and it is owing to +this noxious substance being dissolved in holy water, that it has +such power in scaring them away. Query, did not salt acquire this +high character, and its use in all sacrifices, from its powers of +resisting corruption?</p> +<p>Salt is used emblematically in many of our foreign universities. +There is a book published at Strasburg as late as 1666, containing +twenty plates, illustrating the several strange ceremonies of the +"Depositio." The last represents <i>the giving of the salt</i>, +which a person is on a plate in his left hand; and, with his right +hand, about to put <i>a pinch of it</i> upon the tongue of each +<i>Becanus</i> or Freshman. A glass, probably holding wine, is +standing near him. Underneath is the following couplet:—</p> +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"<i>Sal Sophiæ gustate</i>, bibatis vinaque +læta,</p> +<p>Augeat immensus vos in utrisque Deus!"</p> +</div> +</div> +<p>A copy of this rare book was sold in the Rev. John Brand's +collection. I have never seen it, and know it only from a MS. note +in one of Brand's Common Place Books now in my possession.</p> +<p class="author">EDWARD F. RIMBAULT.</p> +<p><i>Vincent Gookin</i> (No. 24. p. 385.).—Your querist "J." +is referred to Berry's <i>Kentish Pedigrees</i>, where, at pp. 60. +195. 202. 207. and 113., he will find notices and a pedigree of the +family <i>Gookin</i>; and therein it is shown that Vincent Gookin +was the fourth son of John Gookin of Replecourt, co. Kent, by +Katherine, dau. of William Dene of Kingston.</p> +<p>In the early part of the 7th century, Sir Vincent Gookin, Knt. +(why was he knighted?) was living at Highfield House, in the parish +of Bitton, Gloucestershire. It appears by the register, that in +1635, Mary Gookin, Gentleman, and Samuel, son of Sir Vincent +Gookin, Knt., were buried at Bitton.</p> +<p>In 1637, John Gookin of Highfield, age 11 years, was buried in +the Mayor's Chapel, Bristol.</p> +<p>1637, Frances, dau. of Sir Vincent Gookin, Knt., and the Lady +Judith, was baptized at Bitton.</p> +<p>1637, Feb. 13. "Sir Vincent Gookin, Knt., was buryed" at +Bitton.</p> +<p>1642, May 2. "Judith, the Lady Gookin, was buryed" at +Bitton.</p> +<p>There are no monuments remaining.</p> +<p>Highfield, with the manor of Upton Cheyney, was a considerable +estate in 1627, where it was passed by fine from John and Mary +Barker to Vincent Gookin, Esq.</p> +<p>In 1646, Vincent Gookin, Esq. (no doubt the knight's +<i>son</i>), and Mary his wife, and Robert Gookin their son, Gent., +passed the same estates by fine to Dr. Samuel Bave, after which it +is supposed the Gookins left the parish. In Sims' <i>Index</i> are +references to pedigrees under <i>Gokin, Kent</i>. Any further +notices of <i>Sir</i> Vincent or his son would be acceptable to</p> +<p class="author">H.T. ELLACOMBE.</p> +<p>Bitton, May 20, 1850.</p> +<p><i>Sneck up</i> (No. 29, p. 467.)—All Shakspearean +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page493" id= +"page493"></a>{493}</span> students will be deeply indebted to you +for giving insertion to articles on obsolete words and phrases, so +many of which are to found in the pages of the great poet. The +article by R.R. is very interesting, but I apprehend that the +passage from Taylor, first quoted by Weber, is sufficient to show +that the phrase <i>sneck up</i> was equivalent to <i>be hanged</i>! +See Halliwell, p. 766, on the phrase, that writer not connecting it +with <i>sneck</i>, to latch. Compare, also, <i>Wily +Beguiled</i>,—"An if mistress would be ruled by him, Sophos +might go <i>snick up</i>." And the <i>Two Angry Women of +Abingdon</i>, 1599,—"If they be not, let them go <i>snick +up</i>," <i>i.e.</i> let them go and be hanged! These passages will +not be consistently explained on R.R.'s principle.</p> +<p class="author">R.</p> +<p><i>Hanap</i> (No. 29. p. 477.).—I have a few notes by me +relative to the drinking vessel, which may, perchance, be +acceptable to some of your readers. It was similar to the +<i>standing cup</i> and grace cup, as these vessels were +subsequently called, being raised from the table by a foot and +stem, for the convenience of passing it round the table for the +company to pledge each other out of; it was thus distinguished from +the <i>cup</i>, which was smaller, and only used by one person. The +hanap frequently occurs in wills and inventories of the thirteenth, +fourteenth, and fifteenth centuries.</p> +<p>In the will of Lady Calre, 1355,—</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"Je devise a ma joefne fille Isabel Bardolf en cide de lui +marier un <i>hanap</i> plat door."</p> +</blockquote> +<p>And in that of the Earl of March, 1389,—</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"Item. nous devisons a notre treschier friere Mons'r. Henri, un +<i>hanaper</i> de tortelez ove un ostelle en le founce."</p> +</blockquote> +<p>A very elegant specimen is described in the will of the Duchess +of Gloucester, 1390,—</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"Un <i>hanappe</i> de Beril gravez de long taille, et assis en +un peé d'or, ove un large bordur paramont, et un covercle +tout d'or, ove un saphir sur le pomel du dit covercle."</p> +</blockquote> +<p>In an inventory 19th Henry VI. we find—</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"Une haute coupe d'argent enorrez appellez <i>l'anap</i> de les +pinacles pois de troie vii lb pris la lb xl. Summa xiii li."</p> +</blockquote> +<p>And temp. Edward II 1324,—</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"Un hanap a pee de la veille fazon quillere et cymelle el founz +du pois xxix, du pris xl."</p> +</blockquote> +<p>In the same document several others are described having feet. I +could give many other quotations, but will conclude with only one +more, as in the last occurs the word <i>kyrymyry</i>, of which I +should like to know the derivation, if any of your readers can +assist me:—</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"Item, un hanap d ore covere del ovrage d un <i>kyrymyry</i> et +iij scochons des armes d Engleterre et de Franuce en le sumet."</p> +</blockquote> +<p>I have met with notices of cups "covered of <i>kerimery</i> +work," and "chacez et pounsonez en lez founcez faitz de +<i>kermery</i>;" and the following, from the <i>Vision of Piers +Ploughman</i>, would seem to indicate a sort of veil or +net-work:—</p> +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"He was as pale as a pelet,</p> +<p>In the palsy he semed</p> +<p>And clothed in a <i>kaurymaury</i>,</p> +<p>I kouthe it nought diseryve."</p> +</div> +</div> +<p class="author">W.C.</p> +<p>Jun.</p> +<hr /> +<h3>MISCELLANIES</h3> +<p><i>Bishop Burnet as an Historian.</i>—Dr. Joseph Warton +told my father that "Old Lord Barthurst," Pope's friend, had +cautioned him against relying implicitly on all Burnet's +statements; observing that the good bishop was so given to +gossiping and anecdote hunting, that the wags about court used +often to tell him idle tales, for the mischievous pleasure of +seeing him make note on them. Lord Bathurst did not, I believe, +charge Burnet with deliberate misrepresentation, but considered +some of his presumed facts <i>questionable</i>, for the reason +stated.</p> +<p class="author">ELIJAH WARING.</p> +<p><i>Dance Thumbkin.</i>—In the <i>Book of Nursery +Rhymes</i>, published by the Percy Society, there is a small error +of importance, involving no less that the learned would call "a non +sequitur," and which, if my correct-and-almost-unequalled nurse, +Betty Richins, was alive, she would have noticed much sooner that +the nurseling who now addresses you. (She died about the year +1796.) In the valuable and still popular nursery classical song, +"Dance Thumbkin, dance," it is not only an error to say "Thumbkin +<i>he can</i> dance alone" (let any one reader of the "NOTES AND +QUERIES," male or female, <i>only try</i>), but it is not the +correct text. Betty Richins has "borne me on her knee a hundred +times" and sung it thus:—</p> +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>Thumbkin <i>cannot</i> dance alone.</p> +<p>So<a id="footnotetag1" name="footnotetag1"></a><a href= +"#footnote1"><sup>1</sup></a> dance ye merry men, every one."</p> +</div> +</div> +<p>I scarcely need add, that if this be true of Thumbkin, it is +<i>truer</i> of Foreman, Longman, Middleman, and Littleman.</p> +<p class="author">R.S.S.</p> +<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote1" name= +"footnote1"></a><b>Footnote 1:</b><a href= +"#footnotetag1">(return)</a> +<p>Or <i>then</i>, meaning "for that reason."</p> +</blockquote> +<p><i>King's Coffee-house, Covent Garden.</i>—As an addition +to "Mr. RIMBAULT's" Notes on Cunningham's <i>Handbook</i>, the +following extract from Harwood's <i>Alumni Etonenses</i>, p. 293., +in the recount of the boys elected for Eton to King's College may +be interesting:—</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"A.D. 1713, 12."</p> +<p>"Thomas King born at West Ashton in Wiltshire; went away +scholar, in apprehension that his fellowship <span class= +"pagenum"><a name="page494" id="page494"></a>{494}</span> would be +denied him, and afterwards kept that coffee-house in Covent Garden +which was called by his own name."</p> +</blockquote> +<p class="author">J.H.L.</p> +<p><i>Spur Money</i> (No. 23. p. 374, and No 28. p. 462.).—In +a curious tract, published in 1598, under the title of <i>The +Children of the Chapel stript and whipt</i>, we have the following +passage:—</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"Wee think it very necessarye that every quorister sholde bringe +with him to churche a Testament in Englishe, and turne to everie +chapter as it is daily read, or som other good and godly +prayer-booke, rather than spend their tyme in talk and hunting +after <i>spur-money</i>, whereon they set their whole mindes, and +do often abuse dyvers if they doe not bestowe somewhat on +them."</p> +</blockquote> +<p>In 1622, the dean of the Chapel Royal issued an order by which +it was decreed—</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"That if anie Knight, or other persone entituled to weare spurs, +enter the chappell in that guise, he shall pay to y'e quiristers +the accustomed fine; but if he command y'e youngest quirister to +repeate his <i>Gamut</i>, and he faile in y'e so doing, the said +Knight, or other, shall not pay y'e fine."</p> +</blockquote> +<p>This curious extract I copied from the ancient cheque-book of +the Chapel Royal.</p> +<p>Within my recollection, His Grace the Duke of Wellington (who, +by the way, is an excellent musician) entered the Royal Chapel +"booted and spurred," and was, of course, called upon for the fine. +But His Grace calling upon the youngest chorister to repeat his +GAMUT, and the "little urchin" failing, the impost was not +demanded.</p> +<p class="author">EDWARD F. RIMBAULT.</p> +<hr class="full" /> +<h2>MISCELLANEOUS.</h2> +<h3>NOTES ON BOOKS, CATALOGUES, SALES, ETC.</h3> +<p>Mr. W.S.W. Vaux, of the department of Antiquities, British +Museum, has just published a very interesting little volume under +the title of <i>Nineveh and Persepolis: an Historical Sketch of +Ancient Assyria and Persia, with an Account of the recent +Researches in those Countries</i>. The work is illustrated with +numerous woodcuts; and the two points which Mr. Vaux has proposed +to elucidate,—viz., 1. The history of Assyria and Persia, +and, as connected with it, that of the Medes, the Jews, and the +Chaldees, so far as it can be ascertained from the Bible, and the +works of classical authors: and 2. The results of those inquiries +which have been carried on for nearly three centuries by European +travellers,—he has successfully accomplished, in a way to +make his book a most useful introduction to the study of the larger +works which have been written upon this important subject; and a +valuable substitute to those who have neither the means to purchase +them, nor time to devote to their perusal.</p> +<p>The Rev. Dr. Maitland has just published a second edition of his +<i>Eruvin, or Miscellaneous Essays on Subjects connected with the +Nature, History, and Destiny of Man</i>. The Essays are ten in +number, and treat: I. On the Nature and Objects of Revelation. II. +On the Impediments to the Right Understanding of Scripture. III. +Man before the Fall. IV. Satan. V. The Consequences of the Fall. +VI. The Fallen Angels. VII. The Millenium. VIII. The Kingdom of +Messiah. IX. The Regeneration. X. The Modern Doctrine of Miracles. +We mention the subjects of these papers because, although they are +of a nature not to be discussed in our columns, we are sure many of +our readers will be glad to know the points on which they +treat.</p> +<p>We have received the following Catalogues:—Bibliotheca +Selecta, Curiosa et Rarissima. Part First of a general Catalougue +of Miscellaneous English and Foreign Books now on sale by Thomas G. +Stevenson, 87. Princes Street, Edinburgh—(a Catalogue well +deserving attention of our Antiquarian friends); John Miller's (43. +Chandos Street) Catalogue of Books Old and New; W.S. Lincoln's +(Cheltenham House, Westminster Road) Catalogue No. 56., May, 1850, +of English, Foreign, Classical and Miscellaneous Literature.</p> +<p>Messrs. Sotheby and Co., of Wellington Street, will commence on +Monday next an eight days' sale of the valuable library of the late +Rev. Peter Hall, consisting of rare and early English Theology, +Ecclesiastical History and Antiquities, Foreign and English +Controversial Works, Classics, Biblical Criticism, &c.</p> +<hr /> +<h3>BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES</h3> +<h4>WANTED TO PURCHASE.</h4> +<h4>(<i>In continuation of Lists in former Nos.</i>)</h4> +<p>GORGH (R.), CATALOGUE OF ALL WORKS PRINTED RELATING TO +WALES.</p> +<p>A Pamphlet ON THE LEAD AND SILVER MINES OF GOWER, published +about a century since.</p> +<p>SECOND TRAVELS OF AN IRISH GENTLEMAN IN SEARCH OF A RELIGION, BY +BLANCO WHITE.</p> +<p>Letters, stating particulars and lowest price, <i>carriage +free</i>, to be sent to Mr. Bell, Publisher of "NOTES AND QUERIES," +186. Fleet Street.</p> +<hr /> +<h3>NOTICE TO CORRESPONDENTS.</h3> +<p>COMPLETION OF VOLUME THE FIRST. <i>The present Number completes +the First Volume of</i> NOTES AND QUERIES, <i>to which a Title-page +and copious Index will be printed as soon as possible: when copies +of it may be had in cloth boards. In the meantime, may we beg such +of our Subscribers as have not complete sets, to secure such +Numbers as they may be in want of without delay.</i></p> +<p><i>Errata.</i>—No. 28. p. 452., for "Bayle" read "Bale," +and for "Carood" read "Câwood." No. 29. p. 467., for "dick +the string" read "click," and for "bung" read "bang."</p> +<hr class="adverts" /> +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page495" id= +"page495"></a>{495}</span> +<p>HYMNS AND POEMS FOR THE SICK.</p> +<p>SECOND EDITION.</p> +<p>In small 8vo., price 7<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p> +<p>HYMNS and POEMS for the SICK and SUFFERING. In connection with +the Service for the Visitation of the Sick. Edited by the Rev. T. +V. FOSBERY, M.A., Perpetual Curate of Sunningdale.</p> +<p>This volume contains 233 separate pieces, of which about 90 are +by writers who lived prior to the eighteenth century; the rest are +modern, and some of these original. Amongst the names of the +writers (between 70 and 80 in number) occur those of Sir J. +Beaumont, Sir T. Browne, F. Davison, Elizabeth of Bohemia, P. +Fletcher, G. Herbert, Dean Hickes, Bp. Ken. Norris, Quarles Sandys, +Bp. J. Taylor, Henry Vaughan, and Sir. H. Wotton; and of modern +writers, Miss E.B. Barrett, the Bishop of Oxford, S.T. Coleridge, +Sir R. Grant, Miss E. Taylor, W. Wordsworth, Rev. Messrs. Chandler, +Keble, Lyte, Monsell, Moultrie, and Trench.</p> +<p>RIVINGTON'S, St. Paul's Church Yard, and Waterloo Place.</p> +<hr /> +<p>DR. MAITLAND'S ERUVIN—SECOND EDITION</p> +<p>In small 8vo., price 5<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p> +<p>ERUVIN; or Miscellaneous Essays on Subjects connected with the +Nature, History, and Destiny of Man. By the Rev. S.R. MAITLAND, +D.D. F.R.S. & F.S.A.</p> +<p>RIVINGTON'S, St. Paul's Church Yard, and Waterloo Place;</p> +<p>Of whom may be had, by the same Author,</p> +<p>1. ESSAYS on the REFORMATION in ENGLAND. 15<i>s.</i></p> +<p>2. ESSAYS on the DARK AGES. Second Edition. 12<i>s.</i></p> +<hr /> +<p>LAWYERS, SOLICITORS, PERIODICAL PUBLISHERS, and MUSIC SELLERS, +&c. will find the newly-invented PAMPHLET or LETTER BINDER the +most useful article yet offered to the Public for the purpose of +facilitating the binding of extracting of any Letter or Pamphlet, +without the possibility of deranging the consecutive order of such +documents. They are equally useful as Music Binders or Portfolios, +as it forms a perfect book, whether inclosing one sheet or five +hundred. As a Portfolio, it is invaluable, as it precludes the +possibility of the drawings being broken or in any way injured.</p> +<p>To be had of DE LA RUE and Co., Stationers, Bunhill Row, or of +any other respectable Stationer.</p> +<hr /> +<p>Now Publishing</p> +<p>THE CHURCHES OF THE MIDDLE AGES. By HENRY BOWMAN and JOSEPH S. +CROWTHER, Architects, Manchester. To be completed in Twenty Parts, +each containing Six Plates, Imperial Folio. Issued at intervals of +two months. Price per Part to Subscribers, Proofs, large paper, +10<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>; Tinted, small paper. 9<i>s.</i>; Plain, +7<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> Parts 1 to 7 are now published, and contain +illustrations of Ewerby Church, Lincolnshire; Temple Balsall +Chapel, Warwickshire; and Heckington church, Lincolnshire.</p> +<p>On the 1st of July next, the price of the work, to Subscribers +whose names may be received after that date, will be raised as +follows:—Proofs, tinted, large paper, per Part 12<i>s.</i>; +tinted, small paper, 10<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>; Plain 9<i>s.</i></p> +<p>"Ewerby is a magnificent specimen of a Flowing Middle-Pointed +Church. It is most perfectly measured and described; one can follow +the most recondite beauties of the construction, mouldings and +joints, in these Plates, almost as well as in the original +structure. Such a monograph as this will be of incalculable value +to the architects of our Colonies or the United States, who have no +means of access to ancient churches. The Plates are on stone, done +with remarkable skill and distinctness. Of Heckington we can only +say that the perspective view from the south-east presents a very +vision of beauty; we can hardly conceive anything more perfect. We +heartily recommend this series to all who are able to patronize +it."—<i>Ecclesiologist</i>, Oct. 1849.</p> +<p>London: GEORGE BELL, 186. Fleet Street.</p> +<hr /> +<p>Just published, fcp. 8vo., cloth lettered. 2<i>s.</i> +6<i>d.</i></p> +<p>A GLOSSARY to the OBSOLETE and UNUSUAL WORDS and PHRASES of the +HOLY SCRIPTURES. With an Introductory History of the last English +Version. By J. JAMESON.</p> +<p>London: WERTHEIM AND MACINTOSH. 24. Paternoster Row.</p> +<hr /> +<p>Preparing for publication. In 2 vols. small 8vo.</p> +<p>THE FOLK-LORE of ENGLAND. By WILLIAM J. THOMS, F.S.A., Secretary +of the Camden Society, Editor of "Early Prose Romances," "Lays and +Legends of all Nations," &c. One object of the present work is +to furnish new contributions to the History of our National +Folk-Lore; and especially some of the more striking Illustrations +of the subject to be found in the Writings of Jacob Grimm and other +Continental Antiquaries.</p> +<p>Communications of inedited Legends, Notices of remarkable +Customs and Popular Observances, Rhyming Charms, &c. are +earnestly solicited, and will be thankfully acknowledged by the +Editor. They may be addressed to the care of Mr. BELL, Office of +"NOTES AND QUERIES," 186. Fleet Street.</p> +<hr /> +<p>Now Ready, containing 149 Plates, royal 8vo. 28<i>s.</i>; follo, +2<i>l.</i> 5<i>s.</i> India Paper, 4<i>l.</i> 4<i>s.</i></p> +<p>THE MONUMENTAL BRASSES of ENGLAND; a series of Engravings upon +Wood, from every variety of these interesting and valuable +Memorials, accompanied with Descriptive Notices.</p> +<p>By the Rev. C. BOUTELI. M.A. Rector of Downham Market.</p> +<p>Part XII., completing the work, price 7<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>; +folio, 12<i>s.</i>; India paper, 24<i>s.</i></p> +<p>By the same Author, royal 8vo., 15<i>s.</i>; large paper, +21<i>s.</i></p> +<p>MONUMENTAL BRASSES and SLABS: an Historical and Descriptive +Notice of the Incised Monumental Memorials of the Middle Ages. With +upwards of 200 Engravings.</p> +<p>"A handsome large octavo volume, abundantly supplied with +well-engraved woodcuts and lithographic plates; a sort of +Encyclopædia for ready reference.... The whole work has a +look of painstaking completeness highly +commendable."—<i>Athenorum</i></p> +<p>"One of the most beautifully got up and interesting volumes we +have seen for a long time. It gives, in the compass of one volume, +an account of the history of those beautiful monuments of former +days.... The illustrations are extremely well +chosen."—<i>English Churchman</i></p> +<p>A few copies only of this work remain for sale; and, as it will +not be reprinted in the same form and at the same price, the +remaining copies are raised in price. Early application for the +Large Paper Edition is necessary.</p> +<p>By the same Author, to be completed in Four Parts.</p> +<p>CHRISTIAN MOMUMENTS in ENGLAND and WALES; An Historical and +Descriptive Sketch of the various classes of Momumental Memorials +which have been in use in this country from about the time of the +Norman Conquest. Profusely illustrated with Wood Engravings. Part +I. price 7<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>; Part II 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p> +<p>"A well conceived and executed +work."—<i>Ecclesiologist.</i></p> +<hr /> +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page496" id= +"page496"></a>{496}</span> +<p>LIST OF BOOKS PUBLISHED BY JOHN RUSSELL SMITH, 4. OLD COMPTON +STREET, SOHO, LONDON.</p> +<hr /> +<p>A SECOND AND CHEAPER EDITION.</p> +<p>In 2 vols. 8vo., containing upwards of 1000 pages, closely +printed in double columns, price 1<i>l.</i> 1<i>s.</i> cloth.</p> +<p>A DICTIONARY of ARCHAIC and PROVINCIAL WORDS, Obsolete Phrases, +Proverbs, and Ancient Customs, from the Reign of Edward I. by JAMES +ORCHARD HALLIWELL, F.R.S.F.S.A. &c.</p> +<p>It contains above 50,000 Words (embodying all the known +scattered glossaries of the English Language), forming a complete +key to the reader of the works of our old Poets, Dramatists, +Theologians, and other authors whose works abound with allusions, +of which explanations are not to be found in ordinary dictionaries +and books of reference. Most of the principal Archaisms are +illustrated by examples selected from early inedited MSS, and rare +books, and by far the greater portion will be found to be original +authorities.</p> +<p>ANGLO-SAXON.—A DELECTUS in ANGLO-SAXON, intended as a +First Class-book in the Language. By the Rev. W. BARNES, of St. +John's College, Cambridge, Author of the Poems and Glossary in the +Dorset Dialect. 12mo. cloth, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p> +<p>"To those who wish to possess a critical knowledge of their own +native English, some acquaintance with Anglo-Saxon is +indispensable; and we have never seen an introduction better +calculated than the present to supply the wants of a beginner in a +short space of time. The declensions and conjugations are well +stated, and illustrated by references to the Greek, Latin, French, +and other languages. A philosophical spirit pervades every part. +The Delectus consists of Short pieces, on various subjects, with +extracts from Anglo-Saxon History and the Saxon Chronicle. There is +a good glossary at the end."—<i>Athenæum</i>, Oct. 20. +1849.</p> +<p>ANGLO-SAXON.—GUIDE to the ANGLO-SAXON TONGUE; with Lessons +in Verse and Prose. For the use of Learners. By E.J. VERNON, B.A., +Oxon. 12mo. cloth, 5<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p> +<p>This will be found useful as a Second Class-book, or to those +well versed in other languages.</p> +<p>ANGLO-SAXON.—A COMPENDIOUS ANGLO-SAXON and ENGLISH +DICTIONARY. By the Rev. JOSEPH BOSWORTH, D.D. F.R.S. &c. In +8vo. closely printed in treble columns, cloth, 12<i>s.</i></p> +<p>This may be considered quite a new work from the author's former +Dictionary; it has been entirely remodelled and enlarged, bringing +it down to the present state of Anglo-Saxon literature, both at +home and abroad.</p> +<p>HOLBEIN'S DANCE of DEATH; with an Historical and Literary +Introduction by an Antiquary. Square post 8vo., with 54 Engravings, +being the most accurate copies ever executed of these gems of art, +and a Frontispiece of an Ancient Bedstead at Aix-la-Chapelle, with +a Dance of Death carved on it, engraved by Fairholt, cloth, +9<i>s.</i></p> +<p>"The designs are executed with a spirit and fidelity quite +extraordinary. They are indeed most +truthful."—<i>Athenæum</i>.</p> +<p>ENGLISH SURNAMES: an Essay on Family Nomenclature, Historical, +Etymological, and Humorous. By MARK ANTONY-LOWER, M.A. Third +Edition, enlarged, 2 vols. post 8v., cloth, 12<i>s.</i></p> +<p>This new and much improved edition, besides a great enlargement +of the chapters contained in the previous editions, comprises +several that are entirely new, together with Notes on Scottish, +Irish, and Norman Surnames. The "Additional Prolusions," besides +the articles on Rebuses, Allusive Arms, and the Roll of Battel +Abbey, contain Dissertations on Inn Signs, and Remarks on Christian +Names; with a copious Index of many thousand names. These features +render "English Surnames" rather a new work than a new edition.</p> +<p>THE CURIOSITIES of HERALDRY; with Illustrations from Old English +Writers. By MARK ANTONY LOWER. With illuminated Title-page and +numerous Engravings from Designs by the Author. 8vo., cloth, +14<i>s.</i></p> +<p>HERALD'S VISITATIONS.—An Index to all the Pedigrees and +Arms in the Heraldic Visitations and other Genealogical MSS. in the +British Museum. By G. SIMS, of the Manuscript Department. 8vo., +closely printed in double columns, cloth, 15<i>s.</i></p> +<p>An indispensable book to those engaged in genealogical or +topographical pursuits, affording a ready clue to the pedigrees and +arms of above 30,000 of the gentry of England, their residences, +&c. (distinguishing the different families of the same name in +every county), as recorded by the Heralds in their Visitations, +with Indexes to other genealogical MSS. in the British Museum. It +has been the work of immense labour. No public library ought to be +without it.</p> +<p>GUIDE to ARCHÆOLOGY Archæological Index to Remains +of Antiquity of the Celtic, Romano-British, and Anglo-Saxon +Periods. By JOHN YONGE AKERMAN, Fellow and Secretary to the Society +of Antiquaries. 1 vol. 8vo., illustrated with numerous Engravings, +comprising upwards of 500 objects. 15<i>s.</i>, cloth.</p> +<p>"One of the first wants of an incipient antiquary is the +facility of comparison, and here it is furnished him at one glance. +The places, indeed, form the most valuable part of the book, both +by their number and the judicious selection of types and examples +which they contain. It is a book which we can, on this account, +safely and warmly recommend to all who are interested in the +antiquities of their native land."—<i>Literary +Gazette</i>.</p> +<p>"A book of such utility—so concise, so clear, so well +condensed from such varied and voluminous sources, cannot fail to +be generally acceptable."—<i>Art-Union</i>.</p> +<p>COINS.—An Introduction to the Study of Ancient and Modern +Coins. By J.Y. AKERMAN. Fep. 8vo., with numerous Wood Engravings, +from the Original Coins, 6<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p> +<p>COINS of the ROMANS relating to BRITAIN described and +illustrated. By J.Y. AKERMAN, F.S.A. Second Edition, 8vo., greatly +enlarged, with Plates and Woodcuts, 10<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p> +<p>SHAKSPERE.—A New Life of Shakspere, including many +particulars respecting the Poet and his Family never before +published. By J.O. HALLIWELL, F.R.S. &c. One handsome vol., +8vo., illustrated with 76 Engravings on Wood, from Drawings by +Fairholt, 15<i>s.</i> cloth.</p> +<p>THE NURSERY RHYMES of ENGLAND, collected chiefly from Oral +Tradition. Edited by J.O. HALLIWELL. Fourth Edition, 12mo. with 38 +Designs by W.B. Scott, 4<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> cloth.</p> +<p>POPULAR RHYMES and NURSERY TALES; with Historical Elucidations: +a Sequel to "The Nursery Rhymes of England." Edited by J.O. +HALLIWELL, Royal 18mo. 4<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p> +<p>PLAYING CARDS.—Facts and Speculations on the Origin and +History of Playing Cards. By WILLIAM ANDREW CHATTO, Author of +"Jackson's History of Wood Engraving." Thick 8vo., with numerous +Engravings from Copper, Stone and wood, both plain and coloured, +cloth, 1<i>l.</i> 1<i>s.</i></p> +<p>ESSAYS on Subjects connected with the LITERATURE, POPULAR +SUPERSTITIONS, and HISTORY of ENGLAND in the MIDDLE AGES. By THOMAS +WRIGHT, M.A.F.S.A. Two handsome vols. post 8vo., elegantly printed, +cloth, 16<i>s.</i></p> +<hr /> +<p>Printed by THOMAS CLARK SHAW, of No. 8. New Street Square, at +No. 5. New Street Square, in the Parish of St. Bride, in the City +of London; and published by GEORGE BELL, of No. 186. Fleet Street, +in the Parish of St. Dunstan in the West, in the City of London, +Publisher, at No. 186. Fleet Street aforesaid.—Saturday, May +25. 1850.</p> +<hr class="full" /> + + + + + + + +<pre> + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes & Queries, No. 30. Saturday, May +25, 1850, by Various + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES & QUERIES, NO. 30. *** + +***** This file should be named 13713-h.htm or 13713-h.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/1/3/7/1/13713/ + +Produced by Jon Ingram, David King, the PG Online Distributed +Proofreading Team and The Internet Library of Early Journals, + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Notes & Queries, No. 30. Saturday, May 25, 1850 + A Medium Of Inter-Communication For Literary Men, Artists, + Antiquaries, Genealogists, Etc. + + +Author: Various + +Release Date: October 11, 2004 [EBook #13713] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ASCII + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES & QUERIES, NO. 30. *** + + + + +Produced by Jon Ingram, David King, the PG Online Distributed +Proofreading Team and The Internet Library of Early Journals, + + + + + +NOTES AND QUERIES: + +A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES, +GENEALOGISTS, ETC. + + * * * * * + +"When found, make a note of."--CAPTAIN CUTTLE. + + * * * * * + +No. 30.] SATURDAY, MAY 25, 1850 [Price Threepence. Stamped Edition 4d. + + * * * * * {481} + + +CONTENTS + +NOTES:-- + Dr. Johnson and Dr. Warton, by F.H. Markland. 481 + Spenser's Monument. 481 + Borrowed Thoughts, by S.W. Singer. 482 + Folk Lore:--Easter Eggs--A Cure for Warts--Charm + for Wounds--Fifth Son--Cwm Wybir. 482 + Bartholomew Legate, the Martyr. 483 + Bohn's Edition of Milton's Prose Works. 483 + Reprint of Jeremy Taylor's Works. 483 + Dr. Thos. Bever's Legal Polity of Great Britain. 483 + +QUERIES:-- + Dr. Richard Holsworth and Thos. Fuller. 484 + Queries upon Cunningham's Handbook of London. 484 + On a Passage in Macbeth. 484 + Minor Queries:--As throng as Throp's Wife--Trimble + Family--"Brozier." 485 + +REPLIES:-- + The Dodo Queries, by S.W. Singer. 485 + Abbey of St. Wandrille. 486 + Origin of the Word "News." 487 + Replies to Minor Queries:--Dr. Whichcot and Lord + Shaftesbury--Elizabeth and Isabel--Trunck Breeches--Mercenary + Preacher--Abdication of James II.--Toom Shawn Cattie--Wotton's + Poem to Lord Bacon--"My Mind to Me a Kingdom is"--Gesta + Grayorum--Marylebone Gardens--Mother of Thomas a Becket--Dr. + Strode's Poem--Lord Carrington--Esquires + and Gentlemen--Early Inscriptions--American Aborigines--Vox + Populi--Dutch Language--Salting, &c. 488 + +MISCELLANIES:-- + Bishop Burnet as an Historian--Dance Thumbkin--King's + Coffee House--Spur Money. 493 + +MISCELLANEOUS:-- + Notes on Books, Catalogues, Sales, &c. 494 + Books and Odd Volumes wanted. 494 + Notice to Correspondents. 494 + Advertisements. 495 + + * * * * * + + +NOTES + +DR. JOHNSON AND DR. WARTON. + +Amongst the poems of the Rev. Thos. Warton, vicar of Basingstoke, who is +best remembered as the father of two celebrated sons, is one entitled +_The Universal Love of Pleasure_, commencing-- + + "All human race, from China to Peru, + Pleasure, howe'er disguised by art, pursue." + &c. &c. + +Warton died in 1745, and his Poems were published in 1748. + +Johnson's _Vanity of Human Wishes_ appeared in 1749; but Boswell +believes that it was composed in the preceding year. That Poem, as we +well remember, commences thus tamely:-- + + "Let observation with extensive view, + Survey Mankind from China to Peru." + +Though so immeasurably inferior to his own, Johnson may have noticed +these verses of Warton's with some little attention, and unfortunately +borrowed the only prosaic lines in his poem. Besides the imitation +before quoted, both writers allude to Charles of Sweden. Thus Warton +says,-- + + "'Twas hence rough Charles rush'd forth to ruthless war." + +Johnson, in his highly finished picture of the same monarch, says,-- + + "War sounds the trump, he rushes to the field." + +J.H. MARKLAND. + +Bath. + + * * * * * + +SPENSER'S MONUMENT. + +In the _Lives of English Poets_, by William Winstanley (London, printed +by H. Clark for Samuel Manship, 1687), in his account of Spenser, p. +92., he says, "he died anno 1598, and was honourably buried at the sole +charge of Robert, first of that name, Earl of Essex, on whose monument +is written this epitaph:-- + + "Edmundus Spenser, Londinensis, Anglicorum poetarum nostri + seculi fuit princeps, quod ejus Poemata, faventibus Musis, et + victuro genio conscripa comprobant. Obiit immatura morte, anno + salutis 1598, et prope Galfredum Chaucerum conditur, qui + foelicisime Poesin Anglicis literis primus illustravit. In quem + haec scripta sunt Epitaphia. + + "Hic prope Chaucerum situs est Spenserius, illi + Prominens ingenio, proximum ut tumulo + Hic prope Chaucerum Spensere poeta poetam + Conderis, et versud quam tumulo proprior, + Anglica te vivo vixit, plausitque l'oesis; + Nunc moritura timet, te moriente mori." + +I have also a folio copy of Spenser, printed by Henry Hills for Jonathan +Edwin, London, 1679. In a short life therein printed, it says that he +was buried near Chaucer, 1596; and the frontispiece is an engraving of +his tomb, by E. White, which bears this epitaph:-- + + "Heare lyes (expecting the second comminge of our Saviour, + Christ Jesus) the body of Edmond Spenser, the Prince of Poets in + his tyme, whose Divine spirit needs noe othir witness than the + works which he left behind {482} him. He was borne in London in + the yeare 1510, and died in the yeare 1596." + +Beneath are these lines:-- + + "Such is the tombs the Noble Essex gave + Great Spenser's learned reliques, such his grave: + Howe'er ill-treated in his life he were, + His sacred bones rest honourably here." + +How are these two epitaphs, with their differing dates, to be +reconciled? Can he have been born in 1510, as the first one says "obiit +_immatura_ morte?" Now eighty-five is not very immature; and I believe +he entered at Pembroke College, Cambridge, in 1569, at which time he +would be fifty-nine, and that at a period when college education +commenced at an earlier age than now. Vertue's portrait, engraved 1727, +takes as a motto the last two lines of the first epitaph--"Anglica te +vivo," &c. + +E.N.W + +Southwark, April 29 1850. + + * * * * * + +BORROWED THOUGHTS. + +Crenius wrote a dissertation _De Furibus Librariis_, and J. Conrad +Schwarz another _De Plagio Literario_, in which some curious +appropriations are pointed out; your pages have already contained some +additional recent instances. The writers thus pillaged might exclaim, +"Pereant iste qui _post_ nos nostra dixerunt." Two or three instances +have occurred to me which, I think, have not been noticed. Goldsmith's +_Madame Blaize_ is known to be a free version of _La fameuse La +Galisse_. His well-known epigram,-- + + "Here lies poor Ned Purdon, from misery freed," + +is borrowed from the following by the Chevalier de Cailly (or d'Aceilly, +as he writes himself) entitled,-- + + "_La Mort du Sieur Etienne_. + + "Il est au bout de ses travaux, + Il a passe le Sieur Etienne; + En ce monde il eut tant des maux, + Qu'on ne croit pas qu'il revienne." + +Another well-know epigram,-- + + "I do not like thee, Doctor Fell," + +is merely a version of the 33d epigram of the first books of those by +the witty Roger de Bussy, Comte de Rabutin:-- + + "Je ne vous aime pas, Hylas, + Je n'en saurois dire la cause, + Je sais seulement une chose; + C'est que je ne vous aime pas." + +Lastly, Prior's epitaph on himself has its prototype in one long +previously written by or for one John Carnegie:-- + + "Johnnie Carnegie lais heer, + Descendit of Adam and Eve, + Gif ony con gang hieher, + I'se willing gie him leve." + +S.W. SINGER + + * * * * * + +FOLK LORE. + +_Easter Eggs_ (No. 25. p. 397.).--The custom recorded by Brande as being +in use in the North of England in his time, still continues in +Richmondshire. + +_A Cure for Warts_ is practised with the utmost faith in East Sussex. +The nails are cut, the cuttings carefully wrapped in paper, and placed +in the hollow of a pollard ash, concealed from the birds; when the paper +decays, the warts disappear. For this I can vouch: in my own case the +paper did decay, and the warts did all disappear, and, of course, the +effect was produced by the cause. Does the practice exist elsewhere? + +_Charm for Wounds._--Boys, in his _History of Sandwich_, gives, (p. +690.) the following from the Corporation Records, 1568: a woman examined +touching her power to charm wounds who-- + + "Sayesth that she can charme for fyer and skalding in forme as + oulde women do, sayeng 'Owt fyer in frost, in the name of the + Father, the Sonne, and the Holly Ghost;' and she hath used when + the skyn of children do cleve fast, to advise the mother to + annoynt them with the mother's milk and oyle olyfe; and for + skalding to take oyle olyfe only." + +W. DURRANT COOPER. + + +_Fifth Son._--What is the superstition relating to a fifth son? I +should be glad of any illustrations of it. There certainly are instances +in which the fifth son has been the most distinguished scion of the +family. + +W.S.G. + + +_Cwn Wybir, or Cwn Annwn_--_Curlews_ (No. 19. p. 294).--The late +ingenious and well-informed Mr. William Weston Young, then residing in +Glamorgan, gave me the following exposition of these mysterious _Dogs of +the Sky_, or _Dogs of the Abyss_, whose aerial cries at first perplexed +as well as startled him. He was in the habit of traversing wild tracts +of country, in his profession of land surveyor and often rode by night. +One intensely dark night he was crossing a desolate range of hills, when +he heard a most diabolical yelping and shrieking in the air, horrible +enough in such a region and at black midnight. He was not, however, a +superstitious man, and, being an observant naturalist, had paid great +attention to the notes of birds, and the remarkable variations between +the day and night notes of the same species. He suspected these strange +unearthly sounds to be made by some gregarious birds on the wing; but +{483} the darkness was impenetrable, and he gazed upwards in vain. The +noises, meanwhile, were precisely those which he had heard ascribed to +the _Cwn Wybir_, and would have been truly appalling to a superstitious +imagination. His quick ear at length caught the rush of pinions, and, in +a short time, a large flight of curlews came sweeping down to the +heather, so near his head, that some of their wings brushed his hat. +They were no sooner settled, than the _Cwn Wybir_ ceased to be heard. +Mr. Young then recollected having noticed similar nocturnal cries from +the curlew, but had never before encountered such a formidable flying +legion of those birds, screaming in a great variety of keys, amidst +mountain echoes. + +ELIJAH WARING. + + * * * * * + +BARTHOLOMEW LEGATE, THE MARTYR. + +An erroneous date, resting on such authorities as Mr. Hallam and Mr. J. +Payne Collier, deserves a note. The former in his _Const. Hist._ (ii. +275. note, second edition), and the latter in the _Egerton Papers_, +printed for the Camden Society (p. 446.), assigns the date 1614 to the +death of Bartholomew Legate at Smithfield. The latter also gives the +date March 13. Now the true date is March 18, 1611-12, as will appear by +consulting--1. The commissions and warrants for the burning of Legate +and Wightman, inserted in _Truth brought to Light, or the Narrative +History of King James for the first Fourteen Years_, 4to. 1651; 2. +Chamberlain's _Letters to Sir Dudley Carleton_, dated Feb. 26, 1611 +(1611-12), and March 25, 1612, printed in _The Court and Times of James +I._, vol. i. pp. 136. 164.; and 3. Wallace's _Antitrinitarian +Biography_, vol. ii. p. 534. Fuller, in his _Church History_, gives the +correct date, and states that his "burning of heretics much startled +common people;" "wherefore King James politicly preferred that heretics +hereafter, though condemned, should silently and privately waste +themselves away in the prison." + +Legate and Wightman were, in fact, the last martyrs burnt at the stake +in England for their religious opinions. + +A.B.R. + + * * * * * + +BOHN'S EDITION OF MILTON'S PROSE WORKS. + +Three volumes of this edition have already appeared, the last bearing +the date of 1848, and concluding thus:--"End of Vol. III." In the latest +Catalogue, which Mr. Bohn has appended to his publications, appears a +notice of "Milton's Prose Works, _complete_ in 3 vols." This word +_complete_ is not consistent with the words terminating the last volume, +nor with the exact truth. For instance, the History of Britain does not +find a place in this edition; and I can hardly believe that Mr. Bohn +originally intended that the Prose Works of Milton should be issued from +his press without a full index. Without such an index, this edition is +comparatively worthless to the investigator of history. I would +therefore suggest to Mr. Bohn (whose services to literature I most +gratefully acknowledge), that he should render his edition of Milton's +Prose Works _really complete_, by issuing a fourth volume, which _inter +alia_, might contain the _Latin_ prose works of Milton, reprinted in +Fletcher's edition of 1834, together with any omitted English prose work +of the author, and be terminated, as is usual in Mr. Bohn's +publications, with a full alphabetical index, embracing both persons and +things. The lover of historical pursuits would then have _fresh_ reason +to thank Mr. Bohn. + +N. + + * * * * * + +REPRINT OF JEREMY TAYLOR'S WORKS. + +A reprint being called for of vol. iv. of _Bishop Jeremy Taylor's +Works_, now in course of publication, I would beg permission to make it +known to your readers, that assistance in regard to any references which +were not verified in the former edition of that volume would be very +acceptable to me. They should be sent within the next fortnight. + +C. PAGE EDEN. + + * * * * * + +DR. THOMAS BEVER'S LEGAL POLITY OF GREAT BRITAIN. + +I do not know if such a notice as this is intended to be, is admissible +into your publication. + +Many years ago, I bought of a bookseller a MS. intitled "A Short History +of the Legal and Judicial Polity of Great Britain, attempted by Thos. +Bever, LL.D., Advocate in Doctor's Commons, and Fellow of All Souls +College, Oxford, 1759." It is presented to Richard Pennant, Esq.; and +there is a letter from Mr. Bever to Mr. Pennant wafered to the fly-leaf. +At the close of the "Advertisement," the author "earnestly requests that +it [the work] may not be suffered to fall into the hands of a +bookseller, or be copied, without his consent: and whenever it shall +become useless, and lose its value (if any it ever had) with the present +owner, that he will be kind enough to return it to the author if living, +or if dead, to any of his surviving family at Mortimer near Reading, +Berks." + +In pious sympathy with this wish, I more than thirty years since wrote a +letter, addressed to "---- Bever, Esq., Mortimer, near Reading, Berks," +offering to give up the volume to any one entitled to it under the above +description; but my letter was returned from the post office with the +announcement "Not found" upon it. I make this other attempt, if you are +pleased to admit it, through you; and immediate attention will be paid +to any claim which may appear in your pages. + +J.R. + + * * * * * {484} + + +QUERIES. + +DR. RICHARD HOLSWORTH AND THOS. FULLER. + +Can any of your readers inform me who was the author of _The Valley of +Vision_, published in 1651 as the work of Dr. Richard Holsworth, the +Master of Emmanuel College, and Dean of Worcester. In a preface to the +reader, Fuller laments "that so worthy a man should dye issulesse +without leaving any books behind him for the benefit of learning and +religion." He adds that the private notes which he had left behind him +were dark and obscure; his hand being legible only to himself, and +almost useless for any other. The sermon published as _The Valley of +Vision_ appears to have been prepared for publication from the notes of +a short-hand writer. When Fuller published, about eleven years +afterwards, his _Worthies of England_, he wrote thus:-- + + "Pity it is so learned a person left no monuments (save a + sermon) to posterity; for _I behold that posthume work as none + of his, named by the transcriber The Valley of Vision_, a + Scripture expression, but here misplaced.... This I conceived + myself in credit and conscience concerned to observe, because I + was surprised at the _preface_ to the book, and will take the + blame rather than clear myself, when my innocency is complicated + with the accusing of others." + +If, as is probable, Dr. Holsworth, in this instance, preached other +men's sermons, which the short-hand writer afterwards gave to the world +as his, it is a singular fact, that in the preface of this +supposititious volume, Fuller speaks of the abuse of printed sermons by +some-- + + "Who lazily imp their wings with other men's plumes, wherewith + they soar high in common esteeme, yet have not the ingenuity + with that son of the Prophet to confesse, Alasse! it was + borrowed." + +A.B.R. + + * * * * * + +QUERIES UPON CUNNINGHAM'S HANDBOOK OF LONDON. + +We promised to make a few QUERIES on this amusing volume, and thus +redeem our promise. + +Mr. Cunningham has been the first to point out the precise situation of +a spot often mentioned by our old dramatists, which had baffled the +ingenuity of Gifford, Dyce, and in fact of all the commentators,--the +notorious Picthatch. He thus describes it:-- + + "_Picthatch_, or _Pickehatch_.--A famous receptacle for + prostitutes and pickpockets, generally supposed to have been in + _Turnmill Street_, near Clerkenwell Green, but its position is + determined by a grant of the 33rd of Queen Elizabeth, and a + survey of 1649. What _was_ Picthatch is a street at the back of + a narrow turning called Middle Row (formerly Rotten Row) + opposite the Charter-house wall in Goswell Street. The name is + still preserved in 'Pickax Yard' adjoining Middle Row." + +Why then, among the curious illustrations which he has brought to bear +upon the subject, has Mr. Cunningham omitted that of the origin of the +name from the "picks upon the hatch?" which is clearly established both +by Malone and Steevens, in their notes upon "'twere not amiss to keep +our door hatch'd," in Pericles. + +The following is an excellent suggestion as to the origin of the-- + + "_Goat and Compasses._--At Cologne, in the church of Santa Maria + in Capitolio, is a flat stone on the floor professing to be the + Grabstein der Brueder und Schwester eines ehrbaren Wein-und + Fass-Ampts, Anno 1693; that is, as I suppose, a vault belonging + to the Wine Coopers' Company. The arms exhibit a shield with a + pair of compasses, an axe, and a dray, or truck, with goats for + supporters. In a country like England, dealing so much at one + time in Rhenish wine, a more likely origin for such a sign could + hardly be imagined. For this information I am indebted to the + courtesy of Sir Edmund Head." + +Can Mr. Cunningham, Sir E. Head, or any of our correspondents point out +any German "Randle Holme" whose work may be consulted for the purpose of +ascertaining the arms, &c. of the various professions, trades, &c. of +that country? + +Why has not Mr. Cunningham, in his description of _St. James' Street_, +mentioned what certainly existed long after the commencement of the +present century, the occasional "steps" which there were in the +foot-path--making the street a succession of terraces. This fact renders +intelligible the passage quoted from Pope's letter to Mr. Pearse, in +which he speaks of "y'e second Terras in St. James' Street." Why, too, +omit that characteristic feature of the street, the rows of _sedan +chairs_ with which it was formerly lined? The writer of this perfectly +remembers seeing Queen Charlotte in her sedan chair, going from the +Queen's Library in the Green Park to Buckingham House. + +Mr. Cunningham states, we dare say correctly, that Sheridan died at No. +17 Saville Row. We thought he had died at Mr. Peter Moore's, in Great +George Street, Westminster. Was he not living there shortly before his +death? and did not his funeral at Westminster Abbey proceed from Mr. +Moore's? + + * * * * * + +ON A PASSAGE IN MACBETH. + +If any of your correspondents would favour me, I should like to be +satisfied with respect to the following passage in Macbeth; which, as at +present punctuated, is exceedingly obscure:-- + + "If it were done, when 'tis done, then 'twere well + It were done quickly: If the assassination + Could trammel up the consequence, and catch, + With his surcease, success; that but this blow + Might be the be-all and the end-all here, {485} + But here, upon this bank and shoal of time,-- + We'd jump the life to come." + +Now, I think by altering the punctuation, the sense of the passage is at +once made apparent, as thus,-- + + "If it were done when 'tis done then 'twere well. + It were done quickly, if the assassination + Could trammel up the consequence, and catch, + With his surcease, success, that but this blow + Might be the be-all and the end all here," &c. + +but to make use of a paradox, it is _not_ done when it _is_ done; for +this reason, there is the conscience to torment the evil-doer while +living, and the dread of punishment in another world after death: the +"bank and shoal of time" refers to the interval between life and death, +and to "_jump_" the life to come is to _hazard_ it. The same thought +occurs in _Hamlet_, when he alludes to-- + + "That undiscovered country, from whose bourne + No traveller returns." + +But that is clear enough, as in all probability the annotators left the +passage as they found it. I have not the opportunity of consulting Mr. +Collier's edition of Shakespeare, so that I am unaware of the manner in +which he renders it; perhaps I ought to have done so before I troubled +you. Possibly some of your readers may be disposed to coincide with me +in the "new reading;" and if not, so to explain it that it may be shown +it is my own obscurity, and not Shakespeare's, with which I ought to +cavil. + +I have witnessed many representations of _Macbeth_, and in every +instance the passage referred to has been delivered as I object to it: +but that is not to be wondered at, for there are professed admirers of +Shakspeare among actors who read him _not_ as if they understood him, +but who are-- + + "Full of sound and fury, signifying nothing." + +G. BLINK. + + * * * * * + +MINOR QUERIES. + +_As throng as Throp's Wife._--As I was busy in my garden yesterday, a +parishioner, whose eighty-two years of age render her a somewhat +privileged person to have a gossip with, came in to speak to me. With a +view to eliciting material for a Note or a Query, I said to her, "You +see I am _as throng as Throp's wife_;" to which she replied, "Aye, Sir, +and _she_ hanged herself in the dishcloth." The answer is new to me; but +the proverb itself, as well as the one mentioned by "D.V.S." (No. 24. p. +382.) "As lazy as Ludlum's dog, &c.," has been an especial object of +conjecture to me as long as I can remember. I send this as a pendant to +"D.V.S.'s" Query, in hopes of shortly seeing the origin of _both_ these +curious sayings. + +J.E. + +Ecclesfield, Sheffield, April 19. 1850. + + +_Trimble Family._--In a MS. account of the Fellows of King's I find the +following:-- + + "1530.--Rich. Trimble, a very merry fellow, the fiddle of the + society, who called him 'Mad Trimble.' M. Stokes of 1531 wrote + this distich on him:-- + + 'Os, oculi, mentum, dens, guttur, lingua, palatum + Sunt tibi; sed nasus, Trimbale, dic ubi sit?' + + By which it appears he had a very small nose; and this day, July + 13, 1739, I hear that there is one Mr. R. Trimble of an English + family, an apothecary at Lisburn in Ireland, who is remarkable + for the same." + +As "NOTES AND QUERIES" circulate in Ireland, are there any of the family +of "Trimble" now in that country, and are they distinguished by any such +peculiarity? + +J.H.L. + + +_The Word "Brozier."_--my brother Etonians will feelingly recollect the +word "Brozier," used by the boys for nearly a century to denote any one +who had spent his pocket-money; an event of very frequent occurrence +shortly after the holidays. There were also sometimes attempts made to +"_brozier my dame_," in case a suspicion had arisen that the good lady's +larder was not too well supplied. The supper table was accordingly +cleared of all the provisions, and a further stock of eatables +peremptorily demanded. + +I spell the word "brozier" as it is still pronounced; perhaps some of +your readers have seen it in print, and may be able to give some account +of its origin and etymology, and decide whether it is exclusively +belonging to Eton. + +BRAYBROOKE. + +April 14. + + * * * * * + + +REPLIES. + +THE DODO QUERIES. + +There is no mention of the Solitaire as inhabiting Bourbon, either in +Pere Brown's letter or in the _Voyage de l'Arabic Heureuse_, from whence +the notice of the Oiseau Bleu was extracted. I have since seen Dellon, +_Relation d'un Voyage des Indes Orientales_, 2 vols. 12mo. Paris, 1685, +in which there is a brief notice of the Isle of Bourbon or Mascarin; but +neither the Dodo, the Solitaire, or the Oiseau Bleu are noticed. The +large Bat is mentioned, and the writer says that the French who were on +the island did not eat it, but only the Indians. He also notices the +tameness of the birds, and says that the Flammand, with its long neck, +is the only bird it was necessary to use a gun against, the others being +readily destroyed with a stick or taken by hand. + +Mr. Strickland's correction of the error about the monumental evidence +of the discovery of Bourbon by the Portuguese, in 1545, will aid +research into the period at which it was first visited and named; but my +stock of Portuguese literature is but small, and not all of it +accessible {486} to me at present. In the meantime it may be acceptable +to Mr. Strickland to know, that there is a detailed account of +Portuguese discoveries in a book whose title would hardly indicate it, +in which one passage will probably interest him. I allude to the rare +and interesting folio volume printed at Lisbon in 1571. _De Rebus +Emanuelis Regis Lusitanie, invictissimi Virtute et Auspicio Gestis, +auctore Hieronymo Osorio Episcopo Silvensis_. These annals embrace the +period from 1495 to 1529. In narrating the principal events of Vasco de +Gama's first voyage, after he had rounded the Cape of Good Hope on the +25th November, 1497, steering to the east along the southern coast of +Africa, the vessels anchor in the bay of St. Blaize, where-- + + "In intimo sinu est parva quaedam Insula, ad quam nostri aquandi + gratia naves-appulerunt. Ibi phocarum armenta conspexere + admiranda quaedam multitudine. In quibus inerat tanta feritas et + truculentia, ut in homines irruerent. AVES etiam eo in loco visae + sunt, quas incolas apellant SOLTICARIOS, pares anscribus + magnitudine: plumis minime vestiuntur, alas habent similes alis + verspertionum: volare nequeunt, sed explicatis alarum membranis, + cursum celeritate summa conficiunt." + +The islet was probably that of _La Cruz_; but what were the birds? and +what was the indigenous name which is represented by _Solticarios_? It +is possible that some of your correspondents may be familiar with the +original narration which Osorio follows, or Mr. Strickland may be able +to solve the question. + +I may just remark, that my observation respecting the improbability of +Tradescant's stuffed specimen having been a fabrication could hardly be +considered superfluous, seeing that some naturalists, Dr. Gray, I +believe, among others, had suggested that it most probably was one. + +S.W. SINGER. + +May 3. 1850. + + * * * * * + +ABBEY OF ST. WANDRILLE. + +In reply to the Vicar of Ecclesfield (No. 24. p. 382.), I am sorry to +say that the "Chronicle of the Abby of St. Wandrille," to which I +alluded (No. 21. p. 338.), contains nothing relating to the subject of +his inquiry. The Abbey of Fontanelle, or St. Wandrille, was founded A.D. +645; and this chronicle contains a very concise account of a few only of +its abbots and most celebrated members, down to the year 834: written, +it is supposed, by a cotemporary of Ansegisus, the last abbot therein +mentioned. It is followed by an appendix containing a compilation from a +book on miracles wrought in the translation of the body of St. Wilfran, +by an "eye-witness," which also recounts incidentally some of the acts +of the abbots of St. Wandrille to the year 1053. Acheri speaks of +persons who had been long engaged in collecting memorials of the history +of this abbey up to the time of his writing, 1659. Whether these have +ever been published, I have not the means at this moment of +ascertaining. Some account of this abbey, with views of its ruins, will +be found in that splendid work, _Voyages dans L'Ancienne France_, by +Nodier, &c., vol. i. + +The following notes from this chronicle may not be without interest, as +showing an early connection between the abbey and this country, and our +attachment to the See of Rome. + +Chapter V. is devoted to the praise of BAGGA, a monk and presbyter of +this abbey, who is said to have been "ex Britannia Oceani insula +Saxonico ex genere ortus." He died, and was buried in the abbey, between +the years 707 and 723; on which occasion the Abbot Benignus is said to +have exclaimed, "O signifer fortissime Christi militiae BAGGA, nunc +mercedem laborum laetus accipis tuorum. Deprecare ipsum benignum Dominum, +ut una tecum mereamur gaudere consortiis justorum per aevum." Here is a +prayer not for, but _to_ the dead. + +During the presidency of AUSTRULPHUS (ch. 13.), which began in 747 and +ended in 753, a certain receptacle, in the form of a small _pharos_, was +driven ashore in the district of Coriovallum, which contained a very +fair copy of the four Gospels, beautifully written in Roman characters +on the purest vellum; and part of the precious jaw of St. George the +Martyr, as well as a portion of the "health-bearing" wood of the true +cross, duly labelled. The acquisition of this treasure was of course +ascribed to the immediate interposition of God. And as about the same +period the head of St. George was discovered at Rome, through the +intervention of Pope Zachary, it was conjectured that this pontiff had +given the wonder-working relic to some venerable men from _Britain_, a +country described as being "always on the most intimate footing (_maxime +familiares_) with the Apostolic See;" and that, these being wrecked on +their voyage home, or through some other adventure, the said treasure +was providentially driven ashore at Coriovallum. + +Chapter XV. gives us an account of GERVOLDUS, who ruled this abbey +eighteen years, dying A.D. 806. He had been ambassador from Charlemagne +to Offa, King of Mercia. The son of Charlemagne demanded the daughter of +Offa in marriage, who refused his consent, unless his own son should +receive the hand of Bertha, the daughter of the French king. Charles, in +consequence, inhibited the subjects of Offa from trading on the French +coast. This inhibition was, however, withdrawn through the mediation of +the Abbot Gervoldus, who seems to have been in great favour with +Charles. + +I need hardly say, that throughout the chronicle there is a tolerable +sprinkling of the marvellous. {487} I give you the following as a +warning to all dishonest bell-founders. + +The pious builder of a church being desirous, according to custom, of +putting a bell in the turret, engaged a skillful craftsman to carry into +effect his design. This man, "at the instigation of the devil," stole +some of the metal with which he had been furnished for the work; and the +bell was, in consequence, mis-shapen and of small size. It was, however, +placed in the turret; but, as a divine punishment for his crime, +whenever the bell was struck, the dishonest founder was thereupon seized +with frenzy, uttering strange words and barking like a dog! + +GASTROS. + + * * * * * + +ORIGIN OF THE WORD "NEWS." + +I have great respect for "Mr. SAMUEL HICKSON," but I cannot treat his +derivation of the word "News" with any respect (No. 27. p. 428.). I wish +"Mr. HICKSON" had been a little more modest in his manner of propounding +his novelty. Can any thing be more dogmatic than his assertions? which I +will recapitulate as much as possible in his own words, before I proceed +to deal with them. + +1. "I have never had the least doubt that this word is derived +immediately from the German." + +2. "It is, in fact, 'das Neue' in the genitive case;" and "Mr. H." +proceeds to mention the German phrase, "Was giebt's Neues?" as giving +the exact sense of our "What is the news?" [which cannot be gainsaid; +but I shall have a word to say presently about _neues_ in that phrase +being the genitive case.] + +3. "That the word is not derived from the English adjective 'new,'--that +it is not of English manufacture at all--I feel well assured." + +4. "In that case '_s_' would be the sign of the plural; and we should +have, as the Germans have, either extant or obsolete, also 'the new.'" +[I do not see the _sequitur_.] + +5 "'News' is a noun singular, and as such must have been adopted bodily +into the language." + +Such are "Mr. HICKSON's" principal assertions: and when I add, that he +has found out that the German "neu" was in olden time spelt "new," so +that the genitive, "newes," was identical with the old form of the +English word "news;" and that he explains the transformation of a +genitive case of a German adjective into an English substantive by +English ignorance, which he further thinks is exemplified by the Koran +having been called "the Alkoran," in ignorance of "_Al_" meaning "the," +I have given not only all of his assertions, but also the whole of his +argument. + +I now proceed to assert on my part that the word "news" is not "derived +immediately from the German," and "has not been adopted bodily into our +language;" that the English "new" and German "neu" have, however, of +course the same origin, their common root being widely spread in other +languages, as [Greek: neos], Gr.; _norus_, Lat.; _neuf_, Fr., &c.; that +"news" is a noun of plural form and plural meaning, like _goods_, +_riches_, &c.; that its peculiar and frequent use is quite sufficient to +account for its having come to be used as a singular noun ("riches," by +the way, may be prefixed sometimes to a singular verb, as "riches is a +cause of corruption"); that Mr. HICKSON might as well say that "goods" +is derived immediately from "gutes," the genitive of "gut;" and "riches" +from "reiches," the genitive of "reich:" and also that if "_s_" in +"goods," and "_es_" in "riches" are signs of the plural, "we should +have, as the Germans have, either extant or obsolete," the "good," "the +rich," (not that I quite understand this part of "Mr. HICKSON's" +argument): and, lastly, I assert that I believe that _Neues_, in the +phrase "Was giebt's Neues?" is not the genitive, but the nominative +neuter, so that the phrase is to be literally translated "What is there +new?" + +As regards the derivation of "News," I wish you had allowed the question +to rest as it stood after the sensible remarks of "A.E.B." (No. 23. p. +369.). Pray excuse me, Sir, for expressing a hope that you will ponder +well before you again allow us to be puzzled on so plain a subject, and +give circulation and your sanction to paradoxes, even though coming from +one so entitled to attention as "Mr. HICKSON." + +The early communication between the English and German languages, of +which "Mr. HICKSON" puts forward the derivation of "news" from "neues" +as an instance, may be an interesting and profitable subject of inquiry; +but as I think he has been singularly unfortunate in the one instance, +so I do not think him particularly happy in his other. I see no further +resemblance between Heywood's "Song in praise of his Mistress," and the +early German poem, than what _might_ arise from treatment of the same +and a very common subject. + +I am not enough of an etymologist to give you the root of the word +"noise." But my faith in "Mr. HICKSON" in this capacity is not strong +enough to lead me to believe, on his dictum, that "news" and "noise" are +the same word; and when, pursuing his fancy about "neues," he goes on to +say that "noise" is "from a dialect from which the modern German +pronunciation of the dipthong is derived," I fear his pronunciation of +German is faulty, if he pronounces _eu_ in "Neues" like _oi_ in "noise." + + [We differ from our correspondent on this point, and think that + here, at all events, Mr. HICKSON has the advantage of the + argument.] + +I beg to repeat that for "Mr. HICKSON" I feel great respect. If he knew +my name, he would probably know nothing about me; but I happen {488} to +know of him, what perhaps, some of your readers do not, that he has +unostentatiously rendered many considerable services not only to +literature but to our social and political interests. In my humble +opinion, his recent essay in your columns on _The Taming of the Shrew_ +is a contribution to our literary history which you may be proud of +having published. But I feel that I cannot too strongly protest against +his derivation of "News." + +CH. + + * * * * * + +REPLIES TO MINOR QUERIES. + +_Dr. Whichcot and Lord Shaftesbury_ (No. 24. p. 382., No. 27. p. +444.).--I am obliged to "COLL. REGAL. SOCIUS" for his notice of my +inquiry. The Lord Chamberlain and Chancellor of Cambridge University +mentioned in Lord Lauderdale's letter to Dr. Whichcot, is the Earl of +Manchester. Shaftesbury was never either Lord Chamberlain or Chancellor +of Cambridge. + +I may mention that Whichcot's intimacy with Lord Shaftesbury would +probably have been brought about by his being incumbent of the church of +St. Lawrence Jewry, Shaftesbury having his London house in the latter +part of his life in Aldersgate Street. + +If it is not committing unpardonable trespass on that useful part of +your publication in which books and odd volumes are asked for, I will go +on to say that I should be glad to have a copy of the volume of +Whichcot's _Sermons_ (1698) which the third Lord Shaftesbury edited, at +a reasonable price. + +CH. + + +_Elizabeth and Isabel_ (No. 27. p. 439.).--Mr. Thomas Duffus Hardy, in +his evidence on the Camoys Peerage case (June 18. 1838, Evidence, p. +351.) proved that the names of Isabella and Elizabeth were in ancient +times used indifferently, and particularly in the reigns of Edward I. +and Edward III. Mr. Hardy says in his evidence:-- + + "In the British Museum there is a Latin letter of Elizabeth of + Austria, Queen of Charles IX. of France, to Queen Elizabeth of + England. In the Latin she is called Elizabetha, and she signs + her name Ysabel. In the _Chronicle de St. Denis_, in the year + 1180, it is stated, 'Le jor martmes espousa la noble Roine + Ysabel,' 'Upon this day, Queen Elizabeth was married;' and in + _Rigordus de Gestis Philippi Augusti Regis Francois_ it is + stated, 'Tune inuncta fuit Elizabeth uxor ejus venerabilis + foemina;' and Moreri says she is called 'Elizabeth or Izabeau de + Hainault, Queen of France, wife of Philippe Auguste.' Camden, in + his _Remains_, says, 'Isabel is the same as Elizabeth;' that the + Spaniards always translate Elizabeth into Isabel, and the French + into Izabeau. I have seen in the British Museum a deed, in which + the name Elizabetha is written in Latin; on the seal it is + Isabella. In the _Inquisitiones post Mortem_ I have frequently + seen Ysabella returned in one country and Elizabetha in an other + for the same person. I have something like a dozen other + instances from Moreri, in which he says that Elizabeth and + Isabella or Isabeau are the same. Elizabeth or Izabeau de + France, dau. of Lewis VIII. and Blanche of Castella; Elizabeth + or Isabelle d'Aragon, Queen of France, wife of Philippe III., + surnamed le Hardie; Elizabeth or Isabeau de Baviere, Queen of + France, wife of Charles VI.; Elizabeth or Isabeau d'Angouleme, + wife of King John of England; Elizabeth or Isabeau de France, + Queen of England, dau. of Philippe IV.; Elizabeth or Isabelle of + France, Queen of Richard II.; Elizabeth or Isabelle de France, + Queen of Navarre; Elizabeth or Isabelle de Valois, dau. of + Charles of France; Elizabeth or Isabelle de France, dau. of + Philippe le Long, King of France; Elizabeth or Isabelle de + France, Duchess of Milan; Elizabeth or Isabelle, Queen of + Philippe V. of Spain." + +WM. DURRANT COOPER. + +81. Guildford Street, May 4. 1850. + + + +_Elizabeth--Isabel._--The Greek word [Greek: Elisabet] (Luke, i. 5. &c.) +from which Elizabeth, or _Elisabeth_, must have been adopted as a +Christian name, is used by the LXX. (Exodus, vi. 23.) to express the +Hebrew [Hebrew: Elisheba], the name of Aaron's wife. This at once +directs us to the verb [Hebrew: shaba], or rather to its Niphal, +[Hebrew: nishba], for the _Kal_ form does not occur, _to swear_; for the +combination of letters in [Hebrew: el isshaba], _God will swear_, or +_God sweareth_, is the same as that in the proper name. Now let us +transpose the verb and its nominative case, and we have [Hebrew: ishaba +el], which a Greek translator might soften into [Greek: Isabel]. + +The use of [Greek: Elisabet] both by the LXX. and the Evangelist, makes +it probable that the mother of John the Baptist, who was _of the +daughters of Aaron_ (Luke, i. 5.), was known amongst her own people by +the recognized and _family_ name of _Elisheba_, as _Anna_ no doubt would +be _Hannah_ ([Hebrew: hanah]), and _Mary, Miriam_ ([Greek: Mariam], +Luke, i. 27.). And this is confirmed by the Syriac version, the +vernacular, or nearly so, of Our Blessed Lord and His disciples, which +has [Syriac: elisheba]. + +Genesius, in his _Lexicon_, explains Elisheba to mean "cui Deus est +sacramentum," "quae jurat per Deum, i.e. Dei cultrix: cf. Is. xix. 18." I +should rather take it to be a name expressive of trust in God's promises +or oath, such as _Elijah_, "the LORD is my God;" _Isaiah_, "the LORD is +my salvation;" _Ezekiel_, "God strengtheneth." Schleusner (_Lex. N.T._) +says that others derived it from [Hebrew: saba], _saturavit_; "sic in +Alberti _Gloss. N.T._, p. 87. explicatur, [Greek: Theou mou +plaesmonae]." Wolfius, in his note on Luke, i. 5., refers to Witsii +_Miscellanea_, tom. ii. p. 478., to which I must refer your +correspondent "A.C.," as I have not the book by me. + +Camden must, of course, have derived the name {489} from [Hebrew: +shabath], _to rest_; but I think we must rather defer to the authority +of the LXX. And though [Hebrew: el ishaboth] may give us _Elisabeth_, we +shall not be able to deduce _Isabel_ from [Hebrew: ishboth el] quite so +easily. + +B. + +L ---- Rectory, S ----, May 4. 1850. + + +_Trunck Breeches_ (No. 24. p. 384.), more commonly called "trunk-hose," +were short wide breeches reaching a little above, or sometimes below the +knees, stuffed with hair, and striped. (See _The Oxford Manual for +Brasses_, p. cvi.; and Planche's _British Costume_, pp. 334-339. new +ed.) Two years ago, I saw in the Strand an old man with a _queue_; a +sight which I made a note of as soon as I got home, influenced by the +same motive that, no doubt, led Smith in 1640 to append to the death of +"old Mr. Grice" the remark, "who wore truncke breeches," namely, the +antique singularity of the habiliment. + +ARUN. + + +_Mercenary Preacher_ (No. 24. p. 384.).--I think mercenary here is used +in its primary signification, and in the sense in which we still apply +it to troops in the pay of a state foreign to their own; to designate +one who, having no settled cure, was at liberty to be "hired" by those +who had occasion for his services. + +ARUN. + + +_Abdication of James the Second_ (No. 3. p. 40.).--"J.E." would probably +hear of the MSS. mentioned by Sir Harris Nicholas, on application to the +Rev. Sir Thomas Miller, Bart., Froyle, near Alton, Hants. + +E.W. +Clifton. + + +_Toom Shawn Cattie_ (No. 24. p. 383.).--An entertaining volume, +containing the life and adventures of Twm Sion Catti, was published at +Biulth some years ago, by Mr. Jeffery Llewelyn Prichard, who recently +told me it was out of print, and that inquiries had been made for the +book which might probably lead to a new and improved edition. + +ELIJAH WARING. +Dowry Parade, Clifton. + + +_Wotton's Poem to Lord Bacon_ (No. 19. p. 302.).--The poem communicated +by Dr. Rimbault, with the heading, "To the Lord Bacon when falling from +Favour," and with the remark that he does "not remember to have seen it +in print," was written by Sir Henry Wotton, and may be found under the +title, "Upon the sudden restraint of the _Earl of Somerset_, then +falling from Favour," in all the old editions of the _Reliquiae +Wottonianae_ (1651, 1654, 1672, and 1685), as well as in the modern +editions of Sir Henry's poems, by Mr. Dyce and Mr. Hannah. It was also +printed as Wotton's in Clarke's _Aurea Legenda_, 1682, p. 97., and more +recently in Campbell's _Specimens_, in both cases, doubtless, from _Rel. +Wotton_. The misapplication of it to Lord Bacon's fall dates from an +unauthorised publication in 1651, which misled Park in his edition of +Walpole's _Royal and Noble Authors_, ii. 208. In stanza 3. line 2. of +Dr. Rimbault's copy, "burst" should be "trust." + +R.A. + + +"_My Mind to Me a Kingdom is_" (No. 19. p. 302.).--The following note, +from the Introduction to Mr. Hannah's edition of the Poems of Sir H. +Wotton and Sir Walter Raleigh, 1845, p. lxv., will answer Dr. Rimbault's +Query, and also show that a claim had been put in for Sir E. Dyer before +Mr. Singer's very valuable communication to "NOTES AND QUERIES," p. 355. + + "There are three copies of verses on that model; two of which, + viz., one of four stanzas and another of size, were printed by + Byrd in 1588. They have been reprinted from his text in _Cens. + Lit_ ii. 108-110, and _Exc. Tudor_, i. 100-103. Percy inserted + them in the _Reliques_ with some alterations and additions; but + he changed his mind more than once as to whether they were two + distinct poems, or only the discovered parts of one (see i. + 292-294. 303., ed. 1767; and i. 307-310. ed. 1839). The third + (containing four stanzas) is among Sylvester's _Posthumous + Poems_ p. 651.; and Ellis reprinted it under his name. In _Cens. + Lit._ ii. 102., another copy of it is given from a music book by + Gibbons, 1612. Now the longest, and apparently the earliest of + these poems is signed 'E. DIER,' in MS. Rawl. Poet. 35., fol. + 17. That copy contains _eight_ stanzas, and one of the two which + are not in Byrd corresponds with a stanza which Percy added. The + following are the reasons which incline us to trust this + MS.:--(1.) Because it is the very MS. to which reference is + commonly made for several of Dyer's unprinted poems, as by Dr. + Bliss, _A.O._ i. 743.; and apparently by Mr. Dyce, ed. of + Greene, i. p. xxxv. n.; and by Park, note on Warton, iii. 230. + Park is the only person I can recollect who has mentioned this + particular poem in the MS., and he cannot have read more than + the first line, for he only says, 'one of them bears the popular + burden of "My mind to me a kingdom is."' (2.) Because it is + quite impossible that Dyer wrote many extant poems, of which he + is not known to be the author; for, as Mr. Dyce says, none of + his (_acknowledged_) productions 'have descended to our times + that seem to justify the contemporary applause which he + received.' (3.) Because I cannot discover that there is any + other claimant to this poem. One of Greene's poems ends with the + line, + + 'A mind content both crown and kingdom is.'" + + (_Works_, ii. 288., ed. Dyce.) + +It will be observed that no mention is here made of the copy in Breton's +tract; therefore this summary gains from both the correspondents of +"NOTES AND QUERIES"--an addition from the one, a corroboration from the +other. + +R.A. + + +_Gesta Grayorum_ (No. 22. p. 351.).--"J.S." is informed that copies of +the _Gesta Grayorum_ are by no means uncommon. It was originally printed +{490} for _one shilling_; but the bibliomaniac must now pay from +_twenty_ to _thirty shillings_ for a copy. The original, printed in +1688, does not contain the second part, which was published by Mr. +Nichols for the first time. Copies are in the Bodleian, and in the +University Library, Cambridge. + +EDWARD F. RIMBAULT. + + +_Marylebone Gardens_ (No. 24. p. 383.).--These gardens were finally +closed in 1777-8. It is not generally known that, previous to the year +1737, this "fashionable" place of amusement was entered _gratis_ by all +ranks of people; but the company becoming more "select," Mr. Gough, the +proprietor, determined to charge a shilling as entrance money, for which +the party paying was to receive an equivalent in viands. + +EDWARD F. RIMBAULT. + + +_Mother of Thomas a Becket_ (No. 26. p. 415.).--An inspection of some of +the numerous legends touching the blessed martyr, St. Thomas of +Canterbury, would probably supply many interesting particulars +concerning the story of his father's romantic marriage. But the most +important narrative is that of Herbert Bosham, Becket's secretary, who, +it will be remembered, was present at his martyrdom. Bosham's _Vita et +Res Gestae Thomae Episcopi Cantuariensis_ is published in the +_Quadrilogus_, Paris, 1495. Consult also the French translation of Peter +Langtoft, and the English one by Laurence Wade, a Benedictine monk of +Canterbury. Robert of Gloucester's metrical _Legend of the Life and +Martyrdom of Thomas Beket_, published by the Percy Society, under the +editorial care of Mr. W.H. Black, fully confirms the "romance;" as also +do the later historians, Hollingshed, Fox, and Baker. + +EDWARD F. RIMBAULT. + + +_Dr. Strode's Poem_ (no. 10. p. 147.).--Dr. Strode's poem, beginning-- + + "Return my joys, and hither bring--" + +which Dr. Rimbault does "not remember to have seen in print," is in +Ellis's _Specimens_, iii. 173. ed. 1811. He took it from _Wit Restored_, +p. 66. ed. 1658, or i. 168. reprint. It is the second poem mentioned by +Dr. Bliss, _A.O._ iii. 152., as occurring with Strode's name in MS. +Rawl. 142. + +R.A. + + +"_All to-broke_" (No. 25. p. 395.).--Surely the explanation of Judges, +ix. 53, is incorrect. Ought not the words to be printed "and all-to +brake his scull," where "all-to" = "altogether"? + +R.A. + + +_Woolton's Christian Manual_ (No. 25. p. 399.).--There is a copy in the +Grenville Collection. + +NOVUS. + + +_Tract by F.H._ (No. 25. p. 400.).--"J.E." may advance his knowledge +about F.H. slightly, by referring to Herbert's _Ames_, p. 1123. + +NOVUS. + + +_Duke of Marlborough_ (No. 26. p. 415.).--Your correspondent "BURIENSIS" +is referred to the Trial of William Barnard, Howell's _State Trials_, +xix. 815-846.; the case of Rex _v._ Fielding, Esq., Burrow's _Reports_, +ii. 719. and Lounger's _Common Place Book_, tit. Barnard, William. The +greater part of this latter article is in Leigh Hunt's _One Hundred +Romances of Real Life_, No. 1. + +C.H. COOPER. +Cambridge, April 29. 1850. + + ["C.I.R." refers "BURIENSIS" to Burke's _Celebrated Trials + connected with the Aristocracy_, London, 1848; and "J.P. Jun." + refers to Leigh Hunt's _London Journal_, No. 1. p. 5., No. 3. p. + 24.] + + +_Lord Carrington or Karinthon_ (No. 27. p. 440.).--The nobleman about +whom "C." inquires, was Sir Charles Smith, created an English baron 19 +Charles I., by the title of Lord Carrington, and afterwards advanced to +the dignity of an Irish Viscount under the same name. These honours were +conferred upon him for his services to the King in the time of his +majesty's great distresses. + +On the 20th Feb., 1655, whilst travelling in France, Lord Carrington was +barbarously murdered by one of his servants for the sake of his money +and jewels, and buried at Pontoise. (Bankes' _Dormant and Extinct +Peerage_, vol. iii. p. 155.) The title became extinct circiter 1705. + +BRAYBOOKE. + + +Lord Monson presents his compliments to the Editor of "NOTES AND +QUERIES," and has the pleasure of answering a Query contained in this +day's Number, p. 440.; and takes the liberty of adding another. + +The English nobleman murdered at Pontoise was Charles Smith, Viscount +Carrington of Barrefen, Ireland, and Baron Carrington of Wotton Warem, +co. Warwick; the date in the pedigrees of the murder is usually given +1666, probably March 1665-6. + +The last Lord Carrington died 17 May, 1706: the estates of Wotton came +to Lewis Smith, who married Eliz., daughter of William Viscount Monson, +and relict of Sir Philip Hungate. His son Francis Smith Carrington died +in 1749, and left one daughter and heir. What relation was Lewis Smith +to the Smiths Lord Carrington? No pedigree gives the connection. + +Dover, May 4. 1850. + + ["J.M.W." has kindly answered this Query; so also has "W.M.T.," + who adds, "Lord Carrington, previously Sir Charles Smith, + brother to Sir John Smith, who fell on the King's side at + Alresford in 1644, being Commissary-General of the Horse. By the + way, Bankes says it was his _son_ John who fell at Alresford, + but it is more likely to have been, as Clarendon states, his + brother, unless he lost there both a brother and a son."] {491} + + +_Esquires and Gentlemen._--I would ask your correspondent (No. 27. p. +437.), whether he has ascertained _the grounds of distinction_ made in +the seventeenth and in the early part of the eighteenth century, between +_esquires_ and _gentlemen_, when both were landed proprietors? We find +lists of names of governors of hospitals, trustees, &c., where this +distinction is made, and which, apparently, can only be accounted for on +this ground, that the estates of the gentleman were smaller in extent +than those of the esquire; and, consequently, that the former was so far +a person of less consideration. Had the bearing of coat armour, or a +connection with knighthood, any thing to do with the matter? + +J.H. MARKLAND. +Bath, May. + + +_Early Inscriptions._--The excellent remarks by "T.S.D." on "Arabic +Numerals, &c." (No. 18. p. 279.) have put me in mind of two cases which +in some degree confirm the necessity for his caution respecting +pronouncing definitively on the authenticity of old inscriptions, and +especially those on "Balks and Beams" in old manorial dwellings. The +house in which I spent the greater portion of my youth was a mansion of +the olden time, whose pointed gables told a tale of years; and whose +internal walls and principal floors, both below and above stairs, were +formed of "raddle and daub." It had formerly belonged to a family of the +name of Abbot; but the "last of the race" was an extravagant libertine, +and after spending a handsome patrimonial estate, ended his days as a +beggar. Abbot House was evidently an ancient structure; but +unfortunately, as tradition stated, a stone, bearing the date of its +erection, had been carelessly lost during some repairs. However, in my +time, on the white wainscot of a long lobby on the second floor, the +initials, "T.H. 1478," were distinctly traced in black paint, and many +persons considered this as nothing less than a "true copy" of the lost +inscription. Subsequent inquiry, however, finally settled the point; for +the inscription was traced to the rude hand of one of the workmen +formerly employed in repairing the building, who naively excused himself +by declaring that he considered it "a pity so old a house should be +without a year of our Lord." + +The second instance is that of the occurrence of "four nearly straight +lines" on one of the compartments of a fine old font in Stydd Church, +near Ribchester, which many visitors have mistaken for the date "1178." +A closer scrutiny, however, soon dispels the illusion; and a comparison +of this with similar inscriptions on the old oak beams of the roof, soon +determines it to be nothing more than a rude, or somewhat defaced, +attempt to exhibit the sacred monogram "I.H.S." + +J.W. +Burnley, April 27. 1850. + + +_American Aborigines called Indians_ (No. 16. p. 254.).--I believe the +reason is that the continent in which they live passed under the name of +_India_, with the whole of the New World discovered at the close of the +fifteenth century. It is, of course, unnecessary to dwell upon the fact +of Columbus believing he had discovered a new route to India by sailing +due west; or upon the acquiescence of the whole world in that idea, the +effects of which have not yet passed away; for we not only hear in +Seville, even now, of the "India House" meaning house of management of +affairs for the "New World," but we even retain ourselves the name of +the West Indies, given as unwarrantably to the islands of the Caribbean +Sea. It is needless to do more than allude to this, and to other +misnomers still prevalent, notwithstanding the fact of the notions or +ideas under which the names were originally given having long since been +exploded; such as the "four quarters of the globe," the "four elements," +&c. If your correspondent searches for the solution of his difficulty on +different grounds from those I have mentioned, it would not satisfy him +to be more diffuse; and if the whole reason be that which I conceive, +quite enough has been said upon the subject. + +G.W. +89. Hamilton Terrace, St. John's Wood. + + +"Northman" is informed, that on the discovery of America by Columbus, +when he landed at Guanahani (now called Cat Island), he thought, in +conformity with his theory of the spherical shape of the earth, that he +had landed on one of the islands lying at the eastern extremity of +India; and with this belief he gave the inhabitants the name of Indians. +The following quotations will perhaps be interesting:-- + + "America persaepe dicitur, sed improprie, Indiae Occidentales, + _les Indes Occidentales_, Gallis, _West Inde_, Belgis: Non + tantum ab Hispanis, qui illam denominationem primi usurparunt, + sed etiam a Belgis, Anglis, et aliquando a Francis, quod eodem + fere tempore detecta sit ad occidentem, quo ad Orientem India + reperta est."--_Hofmanni Lexicon Univ._ 1677, sub titulo + "_America_." + + "At eadem terra nonnullis _India Occidentalis_, nuncupatur, quia + eodem tempore, quo India Orientalis in Asia, haec etiam delecta + fuit; tum quod utriusque incolis similis ac pene eadern ivendi + ratio: nudi quippe utrique agunt."--_P. Clurerii Introduct. in + Univ. Geographiam_, Cap. xi (iv.) 1711. + + "The most improper name of all, and yet not much less used than + that of _America_, is the _West Indies_: _West_, in regard of + the western situation of it from these parts of Europe; and + _Indies_, either as mistook for some part of India at the first + discovery, or else because the seamen use to call all countries, + if remote and rich, by the name of _India_."--_Heylyn's + Cosmography_, 1677, Book iv., sub initio. + +It is almost needless to mention, that India received {492} its name +from the river _Indus_; and that _Indus_ and [Greek: Indos] are the +Roman and Greek forms of _Sindo_, the name it was known by among the +natives. + +HENRY KERSLEY. +Corpus Christi Hall, Maidstone. + + [We have received many other replies to this Query, referring + "NORTHMAN" to Robertson's _History of America_, and Humboldt's + _Aspects, &c._, vol. ii. p. 319.] + + +_Vox Populi Vox Dei_ (No. 20. p. 321.).--Your correspondent "QUAESITOR" +asks for the origin of the saying _Vox populi Vox Dei_. Warwick, in his +_Spare Minutes_ (1637), says-- + + "That the voice of the common people is the voice of God, is the + common voice of the people; yet it is as full of falsehood as + commonnesse. The cry before Pilate's judgement-seat, 'Let him be + crucified,' was _vox populi_, 'the cry of all the people.' How + far was it the voice of God?" + +M. + + [Mr. G. Cornewall Lewis, in his valuable _Essay on the Influence + of Authority in Matters of Opinion_, p. 172., has some very + interesting remarks upon this proverb, which, "in its original + sense, appears to be an echo of some of the sentences in the + classical writers, which attribute a divine or prophetic + character to common fame or rumour." See pp. 172, 173., and the + accompanying Notes.] + + +_Dutch Language_ (No. 24. p. 383.).--"E.V." will find Holtrop's +_Dictionary_ in 2 vols. one of the best. Werninck's _Pocket Dictionary_ +is very good: also Tauchnitz's _Dutch and French_ (pocket): also +Picard's _English and Dutch_. Jansen's is not bad. Swier's _Grammar_ is +a good one; but I do not know whether there is any late edition. See +Williams and Norgate, or Quaritch. + +AREDJID KOOEZ. + + [Messrs. Williams and Norgate have also obligingly answered this + Query, by the following list:-- + + PYL (R. van der), A practical Grammar of the Dutch Language, + 8vo. Rotterd. 1826, 8s. + + AHN (F.) Neue hollaendische Sprachlehre nebst Lesestucke, 12mo. + Cref. 1841, 2s. + + AHN (F) hollaendische Umgangsprache, 12mo. 1846, 1s. 6d. + + PICARD (H.) A new Pocket Dictionary of the English and Dutch + Languages, remodelled and corrected from the best Authorities. + Zalt-bommel, 1848, 10s. 6d. + + DICTIONNAIRE Hollandais et Francais. 16mo. Leipzig, 4s. + + HOLLANDISCH u. deutsches Taschen-woerterbuch. 16mo. 4s.] + + + +"_Salting._"--Salt is said by all writers upon magic to be particularly +disagreeable to evil spirits; and it is owing to this noxious substance +being dissolved in holy water, that it has such power in scaring them +away. Query, did not salt acquire this high character, and its use in +all sacrifices, from its powers of resisting corruption? + +Salt is used emblematically in many of our foreign universities. There +is a book published at Strasburg as late as 1666, containing twenty +plates, illustrating the several strange ceremonies of the "Depositio." +The last represents _the giving of the salt_, which a person is on a +plate in his left hand; and, with his right hand, about to put _a pinch +of it_ upon the tongue of each _Becanus_ or Freshman. A glass, probably +holding wine, is standing near him. Underneath is the following +couplet:-- + + "_Sal Sophiae gustate_, bibatis vinaque laeta, + Augeat immensus vos in utrisque Deus!" + +A copy of this rare book was sold in the Rev. John Brand's collection. I +have never seen it, and know it only from a MS. note in one of Brand's +Common Place Books now in my possession. + +EDWARD F. RIMBAULT. + + +_Vincent Gookin_ (No. 24. p. 385.).--Your querist "J." is referred to +Berry's _Kentish Pedigrees_, where, at pp. 60. 195. 202. 207. and 113., +he will find notices and a pedigree of the family _Gookin_; and therein +it is shown that Vincent Gookin was the fourth son of John Gookin of +Replecourt, co. Kent, by Katherine, dau. of William Dene of Kingston. + +In the early part of the 7th century, Sir Vincent Gookin, Knt. (why was +he knighted?) was living at Highfield House, in the parish of Bitton, +Gloucestershire. It appears by the register, that in 1635, Mary Gookin, +Gentleman, and Samuel, son of Sir Vincent Gookin, Knt., were buried at +Bitton. + +In 1637, John Gookin of Highfield, age 11 years, was buried in the +Mayor's Chapel, Bristol. + +1637, Frances, dau. of Sir Vincent Gookin, Knt., and the Lady Judith, +was baptized at Bitton. + +1637, Feb. 13. "Sir Vincent Gookin, Knt., was buryed" at Bitton. + +1642, May 2. "Judith, the Lady Gookin, was buryed" at Bitton. + +There are no monuments remaining. + +Highfield, with the manor of Upton Cheyney, was a considerable estate in +1627, where it was passed by fine from John and Mary Barker to Vincent +Gookin, Esq. + +In 1646, Vincent Gookin, Esq. (no doubt the knight's _son_), and Mary +his wife, and Robert Gookin their son, Gent., passed the same estates by +fine to Dr. Samuel Bave, after which it is supposed the Gookins left the +parish. In Sims' _Index_ are references to pedigrees under _Gokin, +Kent_. Any further notices of _Sir_ Vincent or his son would be +acceptable to + +H.T. ELLACOMBE. +Bitton, May 20, 1850. + + +_Sneck up_ (No. 29, p. 467.)--All Shakspearean {493} students will be +deeply indebted to you for giving insertion to articles on obsolete +words and phrases, so many of which are to found in the pages of the +great poet. The article by R.R. is very interesting, but I apprehend +that the passage from Taylor, first quoted by Weber, is sufficient to +show that the phrase _sneck up_ was equivalent to _be hanged_! See +Halliwell, p. 766, on the phrase, that writer not connecting it with +_sneck_, to latch. Compare, also, _Wily Beguiled_,--"An if mistress +would be ruled by him, Sophos might go _snick up_." And the _Two Angry +Women of Abingdon_, 1599,--"If they be not, let them go _snick up_," +i.e. let them go and be hanged! These passages will not be consistently +explained on R.R.'s principle. + +R. + + +_Hanap_ (No. 29. p. 477.).--I have a few notes by me relative to the +drinking vessel, which may, perchance, be acceptable to some of your +readers. It was similar to the _standing cup_ and grace cup, as these +vessels were subsequently called, being raised from the table by a foot +and stem, for the convenience of passing it round the table for the +company to pledge each other out of; it was thus distinguished from the +_cup_, which was smaller, and only used by one person. The hanap +frequently occurs in wills and inventories of the thirteenth, +fourteenth, and fifteenth centuries. + +In the will of Lady Calre, 1355,-- + + "Je devise a ma joefne fille Isabel Bardolf en cide de lui + marier un _hanap_ plat door." + +And in that of the Earl of March, 1389,-- + + "Item. nous devisons a notre treschier friere Mons'r. Henri, un + _hanaper_ de tortelez ove un ostelle en le founce." + +A very elegant specimen is described in the will of the Duchess of +Gloucester, 1390,-- + + "Un _hanappe_ de Beril gravez de long taille, et assis en un pee + d'or, ove un large bordur paramont, et un covercle tout d'or, + ove un saphir sur le pomel du dit covercle." + +In an inventory 19th Henry VI. we find-- + + "Une haute coupe d'argent enorrez appellez _l'anap_ de les + pinacles pois de troie vii lb pris la lb xl. Summa xiii li." + +And temp. Edward II 1324,-- + + "Un hanap a pee de la veille fazon quillere et cymelle el founz + du pois xxix, du pris xl." + +In the same document several others are described having feet. I could +give many other quotations, but will conclude with only one more, as in +the last occurs the word _kyrymyry_, of which I should like to know the +derivation, if any of your readers can assist me:-- + + "Item, un hanap d ore covere del ovrage d un _kyrymyry_ et iij + scochons des armes d Engleterre et de Franuce en le sumet." + +I have met with notices of cups "covered of _kerimery_ work," and +"chacez et pounsonez en lez founcez faitz de _kermery_;" and the +following, from the _Vision of Piers Ploughman_, would seem to indicate +a sort of veil or net-work:-- + + "He was as pale as a pelet, + In the palsy he semed + And clothed in a _kaurymaury_, + I kouthe it nought diseryve." + +W.C. +Jun. + + * * * * * + +MISCELLANIES + +_Bishop Burnet as an Historian._--Dr. Joseph Warton told my father that +"Old Lord Barthurst," Pope's friend, had cautioned him against relying +implicitly on all Burnet's statements; observing that the good bishop +was so given to gossiping and anecdote hunting, that the wags about +court used often to tell him idle tales, for the mischievous pleasure of +seeing him make note on them. Lord Bathurst did not, I believe, charge +Burnet with deliberate misrepresentation, but considered some of his +presumed facts _questionable_, for the reason stated. + +ELIJAH WARING. + + +_Dance Thumbkin._--In the _Book of Nursery Rhymes_, published by the +Percy Society, there is a small error of importance, involving no less +that the learned would call "a non sequitur," and which, if my +correct-and-almost-unequalled nurse, Betty Richins, was alive, she would +have noticed much sooner that the nurseling who now addresses you. (She +died about the year 1796.) In the valuable and still popular nursery +classical song, "Dance Thumbkin, dance," it is not only an error to say +"Thumbkin _he can_ dance alone" (let any one reader of the "NOTES AND +QUERIES," male or female, _only try_), but it is not the correct text. +Betty Richins has "borne me on her knee a hundred times" and sung it +thus:-- + + Thumbkin _cannot_ dance alone. + So[1] dance ye merry men, every one." + +I scarcely need add, that if this be true of Thumbkin, it is _truer_ of +Foreman, Longman, Middleman, and Littleman. + +R.S.S. + + [Footnote 1: Or _then_, meaning "for that reason."] + + +_King's Coffee-house, Covent Garden._--As an addition to "Mr. +RIMBAULT's" Notes on Cunningham's _Handbook_, the following extract from +Harwood's _Alumni Etonenses_, p. 293., in the recount of the boys +elected for Eton to King's College may be interesting:-- + + "A.D. 1713, 12." + + "Thomas King born at West Ashton in Wiltshire; went away + scholar, in apprehension that his fellowship {494} would be + denied him, and afterwards kept that coffee-house in Covent + Garden which was called by his own name." + +J.H.L. + + +_Spur Money_ (No. 23. p. 374, and No 28. p. 462.).--In a curious tract, +published in 1598, under the title of _The Children of the Chapel stript +and whipt_, we have the following passage:-- + + "Wee think it very necessarye that every quorister sholde bringe + with him to churche a Testament in Englishe, and turne to everie + chapter as it is daily read, or som other good and godly + prayer-booke, rather than spend their tyme in talk and hunting + after _spur-money_, whereon they set their whole mindes, and do + often abuse dyvers if they doe not bestowe somewhat on them." + +In 1622, the dean of the Chapel Royal issued an order by which it was +decreed-- + + "That if anie Knight, or other persone entituled to weare spurs, + enter the chappell in that guise, he shall pay to y'e quiristers + the accustomed fine; but if he command y'e youngest quirister to + repeate his _Gamut_, and he faile in y'e so doing, the said + Knight, or other, shall not pay y'e fine." + +This curious extract I copied from the ancient cheque-book of the Chapel +Royal. + +Within my recollection, His Grace the Duke of Wellington (who, by the +way, is an excellent musician) entered the Royal Chapel "booted and +spurred," and was, of course, called upon for the fine. But His Grace +calling upon the youngest chorister to repeat his GAMUT, and the "little +urchin" failing, the impost was not demanded. + +EDWARD F. RIMBAULT. + + * * * * * + + +MISCELLANEOUS. + +NOTES ON BOOKS, CATALOGUES, SALES, ETC. + +Mr. W.S.W. Vaux, of the department of Antiquities, British Museum, has +just published a very interesting little volume under the title of +_Nineveh and Persepolis: an Historical Sketch of Ancient Assyria and +Persia, with an Account of the recent Researches in those Countries_. +The work is illustrated with numerous woodcuts; and the two points which +Mr. Vaux has proposed to elucidate,--viz., 1. The history of Assyria and +Persia, and, as connected with it, that of the Medes, the Jews, and the +Chaldees, so far as it can be ascertained from the Bible, and the works +of classical authors: and 2. The results of those inquiries which have +been carried on for nearly three centuries by European travellers,--he +has successfully accomplished, in a way to make his book a most useful +introduction to the study of the larger works which have been written +upon this important subject; and a valuable substitute to those who have +neither the means to purchase them, nor time to devote to their perusal. + +The Rev. Dr. Maitland has just published a second edition of his +_Eruvin, or Miscellaneous Essays on Subjects connected with the Nature, +History, and Destiny of Man_. The Essays are ten in number, and treat: +I. On the Nature and Objects of Revelation. II. On the Impediments to +the Right Understanding of Scripture. III. Man before the Fall. IV. +Satan. V. The Consequences of the Fall. VI. The Fallen Angels. VII. The +Millenium. VIII. The Kingdom of Messiah. IX. The Regeneration. X. The +Modern Doctrine of Miracles. We mention the subjects of these papers +because, although they are of a nature not to be discussed in our +columns, we are sure many of our readers will be glad to know the points +on which they treat. + +We have received the following Catalogues:--Bibliotheca Selecta, Curiosa +et Rarissima. Part First of a general Catalougue of Miscellaneous +English and Foreign Books now on sale by Thomas G. Stevenson, 87. +Princes Street, Edinburgh--(a Catalogue well deserving attention of our +Antiquarian friends); John Miller's (43. Chandos Street) Catalogue of +Books Old and New; W.S. Lincoln's (Cheltenham House, Westminster Road) +Catalogue No. 56., May, 1850, of English, Foreign, Classical and +Miscellaneous Literature. + +Messrs. Sotheby and Co., of Wellington Street, will commence on Monday +next an eight days' sale of the valuable library of the late Rev. Peter +Hall, consisting of rare and early English Theology, Ecclesiastical +History and Antiquities, Foreign and English Controversial Works, +Classics, Biblical Criticism, &c. + + * * * * * + +BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES + +WANTED TO PURCHASE. + +(_In continuation of Lists in former Nos._) + +GORGH (R.), CATALOGUE OF ALL WORKS PRINTED RELATING TO WALES. + +A Pamphlet ON THE LEAD AND SILVER MINES OF GOWER, published about a +century since. + +SECOND TRAVELS OF AN IRISH GENTLEMAN IN SEARCH OF A RELIGION, BY BLANCO +WHITE. + +Letters, stating particulars and lowest price, _carriage free_, to be +sent to Mr. Bell, Publisher of "NOTES AND QUERIES," 186. Fleet Street. + + * * * * * + +NOTICE TO CORRESPONDENTS. + +COMPLETION OF VOLUME THE FIRST. _The present Number completes the First +Volume of_ NOTES AND QUERIES, _to which a Title-page and copious Index +will be printed as soon as possible: when copies of it may be had in +cloth boards. In the meantime, may we beg such of our Subscribers as +have not complete sets, to secure such Numbers as they may be in want of +without delay._ + +_Errata._--No. 28. p. 452., for "Bayle" read "Bale," and for "Carood" +read "Cawood." No. 29. p. 467., for "dick the string" read "click," and +for "bung" read "bang." + + * * * * * {495} + +HYMNS AND POEMS FOR THE SICK. + +SECOND EDITION. + +In small 8vo., price 7s. 6d. + +HYMNS and POEMS for the SICK and SUFFERING. In connection with the +Service for the Visitation of the Sick. Edited by the Rev. T. V. +FOSBERY, M.A., Perpetual Curate of Sunningdale. + +This volume contains 233 separate pieces, of which about 90 are by +writers who lived prior to the eighteenth century; the rest are modern, +and some of these original. Amongst the names of the writers (between 70 +and 80 in number) occur those of Sir J. Beaumont, Sir T. Browne, F. +Davison, Elizabeth of Bohemia, P. Fletcher, G. Herbert, Dean Hickes, Bp. +Ken. Norris, Quarles Sandys, Bp. J. Taylor, Henry Vaughan, and Sir. H. +Wotton; and of modern writers, Miss E.B. Barrett, the Bishop of Oxford, +S.T. Coleridge, Sir R. Grant, Miss E. Taylor, W. Wordsworth, Rev. +Messrs. Chandler, Keble, Lyte, Monsell, Moultrie, and Trench. + +RIVINGTON'S, St. Paul's Church Yard, and Waterloo Place. + + * * * * * + +DR. MAITLAND'S ERUVIN--SECOND EDITION + +In small 8vo., price 5s. 6d. + +ERUVIN; or Miscellaneous Essays on Subjects connected with the Nature, +History, and Destiny of Man. By the Rev. S.R. MAITLAND, D.D. F.R.S. & +F.S.A. + +RIVINGTON'S, St. Paul's Church Yard, and Waterloo Place; + +Of whom may be had, by the same Author, + +1. ESSAYS on the REFORMATION in ENGLAND. 15s. + +2. ESSAYS on the DARK AGES. Second Edition. 12s. + + * * * * * + +LAWYERS, SOLICITORS, PERIODICAL PUBLISHERS, and MUSIC SELLERS, &c. will +find the newly-invented PAMPHLET or LETTER BINDER the most useful +article yet offered to the Public for the purpose of facilitating the +binding of extracting of any Letter or Pamphlet, without the possibility +of deranging the consecutive order of such documents. They are equally +useful as Music Binders or Portfolios, as it forms a perfect book, +whether inclosing one sheet or five hundred. As a Portfolio, it is +invaluable, as it precludes the possibility of the drawings being broken +or in any way injured. + +To be had of DE LA RUE and Co., Stationers, Bunhill Row, or of any other +respectable Stationer. + + * * * * * + +Now Publishing + +THE CHURCHES OF THE MIDDLE AGES. By HENRY BOWMAN and JOSEPH S. CROWTHER, +Architects, Manchester. To be completed in Twenty Parts, each containing +Six Plates, Imperial Folio. Issued at intervals of two months. Price per +Part to Subscribers, Proofs, large paper, 10s. 6d.; Tinted, small paper. +9s.; Plain, 7s. 6d. Parts 1 to 7 are now published, and contain +illustrations of Ewerby Church, Lincolnshire; Temple Balsall Chapel, +Warwickshire; and Heckington church, Lincolnshire. + +On the 1st of July next, the price of the work, to Subscribers whose +names may be received after that date, will be raised as +follows:--Proofs, tinted, large paper, per Part 12s.; tinted, small +paper, 10s. 6d.; Plain 9s. + +"Ewerby is a magnificent specimen of a Flowing Middle-Pointed Church. It +is most perfectly measured and described; one can follow the most +recondite beauties of the construction, mouldings and joints, in these +Plates, almost as well as in the original structure. Such a monograph as +this will be of incalculable value to the architects of our Colonies or +the United States, who have no means of access to ancient churches. The +Plates are on stone, done with remarkable skill and distinctness. Of +Heckington we can only say that the perspective view from the south-east +presents a very vision of beauty; we can hardly conceive anything more +perfect. We heartily recommend this series to all who are able to +patronize it."--_Ecclesiologist_, Oct. 1849. + +London: GEORGE BELL, 186. Fleet Street. + + * * * * * + +Just published, fcp. 8vo., cloth lettered. 2s. 6d. + +A GLOSSARY to the OBSOLETE and UNUSUAL WORDS and PHRASES of the HOLY +SCRIPTURES. With an Introductory History of the last English Version. By +J. JAMESON. + +London: WERTHEIM AND MACINTOSH. 24. Paternoster Row. + + * * * * * + +Preparing for publication. In 2 vols. small 8vo. + +THE FOLK-LORE of ENGLAND. By WILLIAM J. THOMS, F.S.A., Secretary of the +Camden Society, Editor of "Early Prose Romances," "Lays and Legends of +all Nations," &c. One object of the present work is to furnish new +contributions to the History of our National Folk-Lore; and especially +some of the more striking Illustrations of the subject to be found in +the Writings of Jacob Grimm and other Continental Antiquaries. + +Communications of inedited Legends, Notices of remarkable Customs and +Popular Observances, Rhyming Charms, &c. are earnestly solicited, and +will be thankfully acknowledged by the Editor. They may be addressed to +the care of Mr. BELL, Office of "NOTES AND QUERIES," 186. Fleet Street. + + * * * * * + +Now Ready, containing 149 Plates, royal 8vo. 28s.; follo, 2l. 5s. India +Paper, 4l. 4s. + +THE MONUMENTAL BRASSES of ENGLAND; a series of Engravings upon Wood, +from every variety of these interesting and valuable Memorials, +accompanied with Descriptive Notices. + +By the Rev. C. BOUTELI. M.A. Rector of Downham Market. + +Part XII., completing the work, price 7s. 6d.; folio, 12s.; India paper, +24s. + +By the same Author, royal 8vo., 15s.; large paper, 21s. + +MONUMENTAL BRASSES and SLABS: an Historical and Descriptive Notice of +the Incised Monumental Memorials of the Middle Ages. With upwards of 200 +Engravings. + +"A handsome large octavo volume, abundantly supplied with well-engraved +woodcuts and lithographic plates; a sort of Encyclopaedia for ready +reference.... The whole work has a look of painstaking completeness +highly commendable."--_Athenorum_ + +"One of the most beautifully got up and interesting volumes we have seen +for a long time. It gives, in the compass of one volume, an account of +the history of those beautiful monuments of former days.... The +illustrations are extremely well chosen."--_English Churchman_ + +A few copies only of this work remain for sale; and, as it will not be +reprinted in the same form and at the same price, the remaining copies +are raised in price. Early application for the Large Paper Edition is +necessary. + +By the same Author, to be completed in Four Parts. + +CHRISTIAN MOMUMENTS in ENGLAND and WALES; An Historical and Descriptive +Sketch of the various classes of Momumental Memorials which have been in +use in this country from about the time of the Norman Conquest. +Profusely illustrated with Wood Engravings. Part I. price 7s. 6d.; Part +II 2s. 6d. + +"A well conceived and executed work."--_Ecclesiologist._ + + * * * * * {496} + +LIST OF BOOKS PUBLISHED BY JOHN RUSSELL SMITH, 4. OLD COMPTON STREET, +SOHO, LONDON. + + * * * * * + +A SECOND AND CHEAPER EDITION. + +In 2 vols. 8vo., containing upwards of 1000 pages, closely printed in +double columns, price 1l. 1s. cloth. + +A DICTIONARY of ARCHAIC and PROVINCIAL WORDS, Obsolete Phrases, +Proverbs, and Ancient Customs, from the Reign of Edward I. by JAMES +ORCHARD HALLIWELL, F.R.S.F.S.A. &c. + +It contains above 50,000 Words (embodying all the known scattered +glossaries of the English Language), forming a complete key to the +reader of the works of our old Poets, Dramatists, Theologians, and other +authors whose works abound with allusions, of which explanations are not +to be found in ordinary dictionaries and books of reference. Most of the +principal Archaisms are illustrated by examples selected from early +inedited MSS, and rare books, and by far the greater portion will be +found to be original authorities. + +ANGLO-SAXON.--A DELECTUS in ANGLO-SAXON, intended as a First Class-book +in the Language. By the Rev. W. BARNES, of St. John's College, +Cambridge, Author of the Poems and Glossary in the Dorset Dialect. 12mo. +cloth, 2s. 6d. + +"To those who wish to possess a critical knowledge of their own native +English, some acquaintance with Anglo-Saxon is indispensable; and we +have never seen an introduction better calculated than the present to +supply the wants of a beginner in a short space of time. The declensions +and conjugations are well stated, and illustrated by references to the +Greek, Latin, French, and other languages. A philosophical spirit +pervades every part. The Delectus consists of Short pieces, on various +subjects, with extracts from Anglo-Saxon History and the Saxon +Chronicle. There is a good glossary at the end."--_Athenaeum_, Oct. 20. +1849. + +ANGLO-SAXON.--GUIDE to the ANGLO-SAXON TONGUE; with Lessons in Verse and +Prose. For the use of Learners. By E.J. VERNON, B.A., Oxon. 12mo. cloth, +5s. 6d. + +This will be found useful as a Second Class-book, or to those well +versed in other languages. + +ANGLO-SAXON.--A COMPENDIOUS ANGLO-SAXON and ENGLISH DICTIONARY. By the +Rev. JOSEPH BOSWORTH, D.D. F.R.S. &c. In 8vo. closely printed in treble +columns, cloth, 12s. + +This may be considered quite a new work from the author's former +Dictionary; it has been entirely remodelled and enlarged, bringing it +down to the present state of Anglo-Saxon literature, both at home and +abroad. + +HOLBEIN'S DANCE of DEATH; with an Historical and Literary Introduction +by an Antiquary. Square post 8vo., with 54 Engravings, being the most +accurate copies ever executed of these gems of art, and a Frontispiece +of an Ancient Bedstead at Aix-la-Chapelle, with a Dance of Death carved +on it, engraved by Fairholt, cloth, 9s. + +"The designs are executed with a spirit and fidelity quite +extraordinary. They are indeed most truthful."--_Athenaeum_. + +ENGLISH SURNAMES: an Essay on Family Nomenclature, Historical, +Etymological, and Humorous. By MARK ANTONY-LOWER, M.A. Third Edition, +enlarged, 2 vols. post 8v., cloth, 12s. + +This new and much improved edition, besides a great enlargement of the +chapters contained in the previous editions, comprises several that are +entirely new, together with Notes on Scottish, Irish, and Norman +Surnames. The "Additional Prolusions," besides the articles on Rebuses, +Allusive Arms, and the Roll of Battel Abbey, contain Dissertations on +Inn Signs, and Remarks on Christian Names; with a copious Index of many +thousand names. These features render "English Surnames" rather a new +work than a new edition. + +THE CURIOSITIES of HERALDRY; with Illustrations from Old English +Writers. By MARK ANTONY LOWER. With illuminated Title-page and numerous +Engravings from Designs by the Author. 8vo., cloth, 14s. + +HERALD'S VISITATIONS.--An Index to all the Pedigrees and Arms in the +Heraldic Visitations and other Genealogical MSS. in the British Museum. +By G. SIMS, of the Manuscript Department. 8vo., closely printed in +double columns, cloth, 15s. + +An indispensable book to those engaged in genealogical or topographical +pursuits, affording a ready clue to the pedigrees and arms of above +30,000 of the gentry of England, their residences, &c. (distinguishing +the different families of the same name in every county), as recorded by +the Heralds in their Visitations, with Indexes to other genealogical +MSS. in the British Museum. It has been the work of immense labour. No +public library ought to be without it. + +GUIDE to ARCHAEOLOGY Archaeological Index to Remains of Antiquity of the +Celtic, Romano-British, and Anglo-Saxon Periods. By JOHN YONGE AKERMAN, +Fellow and Secretary to the Society of Antiquaries. 1 vol. 8vo., +illustrated with numerous Engravings, comprising upwards of 500 objects. +15s., cloth. + +"One of the first wants of an incipient antiquary is the facility of +comparison, and here it is furnished him at one glance. The places, +indeed, form the most valuable part of the book, both by their number +and the judicious selection of types and examples which they contain. It +is a book which we can, on this account, safely and warmly recommend to +all who are interested in the antiquities of their native +land."--_Literary Gazette_. + +"A book of such utility--so concise, so clear, so well condensed from +such varied and voluminous sources, cannot fail to be generally +acceptable."--_Art-Union_. + +COINS.--An Introduction to the Study of Ancient and Modern Coins. By +J.Y. AKERMAN. Fep. 8vo., with numerous Wood Engravings, from the +Original Coins, 6s. 6d. + +COINS of the ROMANS relating to BRITAIN described and illustrated. By +J.Y. AKERMAN, F.S.A. Second Edition, 8vo., greatly enlarged, with Plates +and Woodcuts, 10s. 6d. + +SHAKSPERE.--A New Life of Shakspere, including many particulars +respecting the Poet and his Family never before published. By J.O. +HALLIWELL, F.R.S. &c. One handsome vol., 8vo., illustrated with 76 +Engravings on Wood, from Drawings by Fairholt, 15s. cloth. + +THE NURSERY RHYMES of ENGLAND, collected chiefly from Oral Tradition. +Edited by J.O. HALLIWELL. Fourth Edition, 12mo. with 38 Designs by W.B. +Scott, 4s. 6d. cloth. + +POPULAR RHYMES and NURSERY TALES; with Historical Elucidations: a Sequel +to "The Nursery Rhymes of England." Edited by J.O. HALLIWELL, Royal +18mo. 4s. 6d. + +PLAYING CARDS.--Facts and Speculations on the Origin and History of +Playing Cards. By WILLIAM ANDREW CHATTO, Author of "Jackson's History of +Wood Engraving." Thick 8vo., with numerous Engravings from Copper, Stone +and wood, both plain and coloured, cloth, 1l. 1s. + +ESSAYS on Subjects connected with the LITERATURE, POPULAR SUPERSTITIONS, +and HISTORY of ENGLAND in the MIDDLE AGES. By THOMAS WRIGHT, M.A.F.S.A. +Two handsome vols. post 8vo., elegantly printed, cloth, 16s. + + * * * * * + +Printed by THOMAS CLARK SHAW, of No. 8. New Street Square, at No. 5. New +Street Square, in the Parish of St. Bride, in the City of London; and +published by GEORGE BELL, of No. 186. Fleet Street, in the Parish of St. +Dunstan in the West, in the City of London, Publisher, at No. 186. Fleet +Street aforesaid.--Saturday, May 25. 1850. + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes & Queries, No. 30. 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