diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'old/13641.txt')
| -rw-r--r-- | old/13641.txt | 3139 |
1 files changed, 3139 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/old/13641.txt b/old/13641.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..8e5cf0f --- /dev/null +++ b/old/13641.txt @@ -0,0 +1,3139 @@ +The Project Gutenberg EBook of The American Missionary, Volume XLII. No. +10. October 1888, by Various + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: The American Missionary, Volume XLII. No. 10. October 1888 + +Author: Various + +Release Date: October 6, 2004 [EBook #13641] +[Date last updated: April 11, 2006] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ASCII + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE AMERICAN MISSIONARY, *** + + + + +Produced by Joshua Hutchinson, Josephine Paolucci, the PG Online +Distributed Proofreading Team and Cornell University. + + + + + + +The American Missionary + + * * * * * + +October, 1888. + +Volume XLII No. 10. + + * * * * * + +Contents + +Financial. Annual Meeting +Voting Members--Paragraphs +Qualifications Of Candidates For Mission Work +Immigrants And Negroes +Book Review +Gift Of Books From Mr. Willey +The Unconscious Influence Of Our Missionaries +Expulsion Of Negroes From Marion, Ark +Extracts +School Echoes +Rome And The Freedmen + + THE SOUTH. +Vacation Echoes +Extract From A Graduating Essay + + STUDENT'S LETTER. +The Blue-Jacket Teacher + + THE INDIANS. +Mr. Moody's Missionary Meetings + + THE CHINESE. +Confucius And Christ + + BUREAU OF WOMAN'S WORK. +Sketch Of Mission Life On The Frontier + + RECEIPTS + + * * * * * + +NEW YORK: + +PUBLISHED BY THE AMERICAN MISSIONARY ASSOCIATION, + +Rooms, 56 Reade Street. + + * * * * * + +Price, 50 Cents a Year, in Advance. + +Entered at the Post Office at New York, N.Y., as second class matter. + + * * * * * + +The American Missionary + +American Missionary Association. + + * * * * * + +President, Rev. WM. M. Taylor, D.D., LL.D., N.Y. + +Vice-Presidents. + +Rev. A.J.F. Behrends, D.D., N.Y. +Rev. Alex. Mckenzie, D.D., Mass. +Rev. F.A. Noble, D.D., Ill. +Rev. D.O. Mears, D.D., Mass. +Rev. Henry Hopkins, D.D., Mo. + +Corresponding Secretaries. + +Rev. M.E. Strieby, D.D., 56 Reade Street, N.Y. +Rev. A.F. Beard, D.D., 56 Reade Street, N.Y. + +Treasurer. + +H.W. Hubbard, Esq., 56 Reade Street, N.Y. + +Auditors. + +Peter McCartee. +Chas. P. Peirce. + +Executive Committee. + +John H. Washburn, Chairman. +Addison P. Foster, Secretary. + +For Three Years. + +Lyman Abbott, +Charles A. Hull, +J.R. Danforth, +Clinton B. Fisk, +Addison P. Foster, + +For Two Years. + +S.B. Halliday, +Samuel Holmes, +Samuel S. Marples, +Charles L. Mead, +Elbert B. Monroe, + +For One Year. + +J.E. Rankin, +Wm. H. Ward, +J.W. Cooper, +John H. Washburn, +Edmund L. Champlin. + +District Secretaries. + +Rev. C.J. Ryder, 21 Cong'l House, Boston. +Rev. J.E. Roy, D.D., 151 Washington Street, Chicago. + +Financial Secretary for Indian Missions. + +Rev. Chas. W. Shelton. + +Secretary of Woman's Bureau. + +Miss D.E. Emerson, 56 Reade St., N.Y. + + * * * * * + + COMMUNICATIONS + +Relating to the work of the Association may be addressed to the +Corresponding Secretaries; letters for "THE AMERICAN MISSIONARY," to +the Editor, at the New York Office. + + DONATIONS AND SUBSCRIPTIONS + +In drafts, checks, registered letters, or post-office orders, may be +sent to H.W. Hubbard, Treasurer, 56 Reade Street, New York, or, when +more convenient, to either of the Branch Offices, 21 Congregational +House, Boston, Mass., or 151 Washington Street, Chicago, Ill. A +payment of thirty dollars at one time constitutes a Life Member. + + FORM OF A BEQUEST. + +"I BEQUEATH to my executor (or executors) the sum of ---- dollars, +in trust, to pay the same in ---- days after my decease to the +person who, when the same is payable, shall act as Treasurer of the +'American Missionary Association,' of New York City, to be applied, +under the direction of the Executive Committee of the Association, to +its charitable uses and purposes." The Will should be attested by +three witnesses. + + * * * * * + +The American Missionary. + +VOL. XLII. OCTOBER, 1888. No. 10. + +American Missionary Association. + + * * * * * + +FINANCIAL--THE DEBT. + +Our receipts for the eleven months ending August 31st show an increase +from collections of $14,452.76; a decrease in legacies of $5,195.52; +with a net increase of $9,257.24 over the corresponding months of last +year. On the other hand, the expenditures for these eleven months have +been $31,835.70 more than those of last year, and hence a debt of over +$22,000 is impending. The explanation is to be found in the fact that +an unusually large per cent. of our collections this year is in +specified gifts for special objects, and could not, therefore, be used +to meet appropriations for current work; and the added expenditures +have been absolutely required by the natural and healthful growth in +our varied industrial, school and church work in all parts of our +extended field. + +As our friends have had occasion to know, we are making an earnest +appeal for special help to avert this threatened debt. The responses +thus far are encouraging, but not such as to leave the question beyond +doubt. This magazine will reach most of our readers before the last +Sunday of the month. We urgently appeal to our friends to make a grand +rally on that day for our relief. + + * * * * * + +ANNUAL MEETING. + +The forty-second Annual Meeting of the American Missionary Association +will be held at Providence, R.I., Oct. 23-25. The meeting will open +promptly at 3 o'clock, Tuesday P.M., Oct. 23. On Tuesday evening, the +annual sermon will be preached by Rev. Arthur Little, D.D., of +Chicago. Those purposing to be present and wishing entertainment are +requested to write to Mr. G.E. Luther, Secretary of Committee of +Entertainment, Providence, R.I. (See the last page of the cover.) + + * * * * * + +VOTING MEMBERS. + +By our Constitution it will be observed that the following persons are +entitled to vote at the annual meetings of this Association: Members +of evangelical churches who have been constituted life members by the +payment of $30 into its treasury, with the written declaration at the +time or times of payment that the sum is to be applied to constitute a +designated person a life member, such membership beginning sixty days +after the payment; delegates chosen to attend the annual meeting by +evangelical churches which have within a year contributed to the funds +of the Association, such churches being entitled to send two delegates +each. Each State Conference or Association is also entitled to send +two delegates. Such delegates are members of the Association for the +year for which they were appointed. + +We sincerely urge our patrons to avail themselves of the opportunity +thus afforded to participate in the management of the trusts of this +Association, hoping that by so doing they will share more fully in the +responsibility of its work and become more helpful in furthering its +development in years to come. + + * * * * * + +We are happy to announce the return of Rev. Dr. Beard. He attended the +London Missionary Conference, as the delegate of the American +Missionary Association, and presented a paper on "History of Missions +among the North American Indians." He was called by a telegram to +Florence to the sick bed of two of his children, one of them very +severely ill. Both recovered and he now returns to America, himself +and family in excellent health. During his absence, he preached in his +former pulpit in the American Church in Paris, and met many of his +former parishioners. He had become greatly attached to that church and +much interested in the very successful McAll Mission, to which he was +greatly helpful. We welcome him once more to his chosen field in the +work of the A.M.A., where he will find ample room for the exertion of +his best energies. + + * * * * * + +The executive committee of the American Missionary Association has +unanimously appointed the Rev. Frank E. Jenkins a Field +Superintendent, to examine and report upon the work of our schools and +churches in our Southern field. Mr. Jenkins is a graduate of Williams +College, Massachusetts, and has had some years' experience as a +principal of advanced schools. He is a graduate of Hartford +Theological Seminary, and has been engaged successfully in our work in +the South. Some parts of the field are already well known to him, and +with others he will make immediate acquaintance. We commend him to our +missionary teachers and preachers in the field, as a beloved Christian +brother whose heart is in full sympathy with our work. We +trust that the relationships which will be established, will be +fruitful in helpfulness. His residence will be in Chattanooga, Tenn. + + * * * * * + +The prevalence of yellow fever at Jacksonville, Fla., and the danger +of its spreading into the towns and cities of the southeast, will make +it wise for us to delay for a time the opening of a few of our schools +in that region. In former years some of our teachers, while at their +posts, were caught by this malignant scourge and they faced the danger +bravely--some of them laying down their lives and others permanently +impairing their healths, by taking care of the smitten ones. Such +heroism is demanded when the danger comes, but it does not seem best +to seek the danger. A little delay in some places, we hope, will be +all that is necessary. + + * * * * * + +By the time these pages reach our readers, most of our workers will +have resumed their labors in the South. Many of the ministers and a +few of the teachers have remained at their posts all summer, but the +schools have been closed. Work in the cotton fields has called for the +younger pupils, the summer schools have given employment to the older +ones, while rest and a change of climate have been required by the +white teachers from the North. But now activities will be resumed, and +we contemplate the work with joy and hope. + +These workers, and others like them, are the hope of the South. They +go not arrayed and armed for bloody battle-fields; they go not as +commercial travelers to sell the wares of the North; they go not as +capitalists to start the whirling spindles or to kindle the fires in +the smelting furnaces; they go not as politicians to speak for or +against tariffs, nor to build up or break down parties. Their work is +quieter and deeper than all this. They reach the mind and heart. As +Christ aimed not so much at once to tear down or build up the outer, +but to reach the inner springs of the soul, so these workers aim to +make character, intelligent, pure, active, and thus to impel to all +that is noble and honest in life, that stimulates to industry, +economy, thrift--to making the home pure and all outer things +prosperous and right. But, as Christ was misunderstood and rejected, +so are these laborers ostracized. We rejoice to find a growing +recognition of their worth and work, and trust that the day is coming +when they will be fully appreciated and welcomed. In the meantime they +toil on uncomplainingly, and for their sakes and for the work's sake +we invoke, not perfunctorily but earnestly, the prayers of God's +ministers and people in their behalf. + + * * * * * + +On another page will be found a review of two books by the well-known +author, Edmund Kirke (J.R. Gilmore), who has made a special study of +the white people of the Mountain regions of the South. Mr. Kirke has +at our invitation prepared a paper to be read at our Annual +Meeting, in connection with the Report on our Mountain Work. We have +been permitted to read it. It is replete with racy incidents and +delineations of quaint yet noble characters. If the tears and smiles +which the reading of the paper drew from us are any test, then we can +promise a treat to those who may hear it at the meeting in Providence. + + * * * * * + +QUALIFICATIONS OF CANDIDATES FOR MISSION WORK. + +Many of our missionaries who are engaged in their devoted and +self-denying labors in the South, have been compelled by the nature of +our work to take their summer vacations. The educational work of the +American Missionary Association is through and through a missionary +work. It is begun with a missionary purpose and is carried on in the +name of Christ to disciple the people, that they may know Him who is +the Way, the Truth and the Life. All of our teachers are sent to be +missionaries. Many are returning now to their fields of service with +which they are well acquainted, and some are going for the first time. +Among these, questions are raised as to the requirements needed in +those who are to go. We have thought that a few suggestions given to +the candidates for the China Inland Mission by Hudson Taylor, might be +properly repeated here for those who are to take upon themselves these +responsible Christian duties. He says: + + First of all, it is absolutely essential that those desiring to be + missionaries should have a deep love for Christ, a full grasp of His + plan of salvation, and be wholly consecrated, in their inward lives, + to Him. Mission work is not preaching grand sermons, or witnessing + marvellous baptisms; it is a patient Christ-like life, day by day, + far from external help, far from those we love; a quiet sowing of + tiny seeds, which may take long years to show above the ground, + combined with a steady bearing of loneliness, discomfort and petty + persecution. The work demands of every worker very real and manifest + self-sacrifice and acts of faith. It aims at, and ought to be + satisfied with, nothing less than the conversion of the people to + God. Not witness-bearing merely, but fruit-bearing is the end in + view. Anything short of the salvation of souls is failure. + + It is generally found that when people are of no use at home, they + are of no use in the mission field. The bright, brave, earnest + spirit, ready to face difficulties at home, is the right spirit for + the work abroad. A patient, persevering, plodding spirit, attempting + great things for God, and expecting great things from God, is + absolutely essential to success in missionary efforts. Those will + not make the best missionaries who are easily daunted by the first + difficulty or opposition, but those whose strength is equal to + waiting upon God, and who fight through all obstacles by prayer and + faith. The spasmodic worker, frantic in zeal one month, and at + freezing-point another, will be weary long before the station has + been reached: while in the strength of Christ the weakest of us need + not draw back, nor say, "I am not fit," yet nothing less than + burning love to Christ, and in Him to perishing souls, will survive + and overleap the difficulties and disappointments of the work. + +These are royal words, and we believe that our teachers and +missionaries engaged in this most glorious work of saving needy souls +will take with them this spirit, and be blessed in the communication +of their blessing to others. + + * * * * * + +IMMIGRANTS AND NEGROES. + +The Immigrant question challenges attention. Shall immigrants be +welcomed, restricted or prohibited? In the early days of the Republic, +when the revolutionary war had welded the people together and our +boundless territory begged for occupancy, we welcomed the oppressed of +all nations. Later, the welcome has been responded to by such a +rushing, heterogeneous and even dangerous mass that we are compelled +to pause. Restriction is talked of, but the line of discrimination is +hard to be fixed. No committee at Castle Garden can detect anarchists, +criminals, or even the poor, if that line should be chosen. +Prohibition--exclusion is talked of--nay, is enacted stringently +against the Chinese. If need be, it may extend to all. So there is a +way of averting this evil. + +But the Negro question cannot be put away. The Negroes are here. They +outnumber the immigrants that have come to our shores in the last +thirty years, and have a foothold upon the soil as valid as the Aryan +race, whether we consider the date of their coming or the labor they +have put upon the land. + +There is a strange disposition to shrink from the Negro question. Some +avoid it by flippantly denying the danger; others turn from it because +they are appalled by it. Thus an able writer on Immigration in a +recent number of the Century passes the topic with this awe-stricken +remark: "This problem (of the Negro) cannot be touched practically; +ancient wrongs bind the nation hand and foot, and its outcome must be +awaited as we await the gathering of the tempest--powerless to avert, +and trembling over the steady approach" (The italics are ours.) This +is not wise; it is not manly. Why try to avert the evils of +immigration, or any other, if we are meanwhile only to await +tremblingly the doom that is to come on us from the conflict with the +Negro? + +There is a strong disposition to gather hope from the newly-developed +manufacturing interests in the South. But this is delusive. The South +is essentially a rural population; the new industries will necessarily +be confined to a few localities, and will reach but slightly the wide +agricultural region, and will scarcely touch the Negroes. And more +than all this, these industries will only be importing into the South +the struggle between labor and capital, which so vexes us at the +North. Instead, therefore, of solving the old difficulties at the +South, they will add a new one. + +The danger of a war of races is scouted at the North; it is not at the +South. This is natural. The North is not in immediate contact with the +danger; the South is. When the war of the rebellion was impending, the +North refused to believe in its coming; and when it came, one of the +wisest statesmen of the North, Mr. Seward, predicted that it would +"not last sixty days." No such delusion prevailed in the South. Many +of the best men there, nay, nearly all the border States, dreaded its +coming and held back as long as possible, but they were swept +into the flood they foresaw and could not avert. + +Thoughtful men at the South now have no rose-colored views about the +Negro problem. They fear the impending conflict. With them the +supremacy of the white race is the settled point, but they see in the +growing numbers, intelligence and restlessness of the Negroes an +increasing danger that will only be aggravated by delay. Why should +not the North and South alike manfully face the question of a war of +races? What will it mean? What will be its end? If the whites and the +blacks of the South alone engage in it, the blacks will be +exterminated. Nothing less will meet the case. If the North mingle in +the struggle, it must be to help the whites or the blacks. If to help +the whites, that will mean the more rapid defeat and slaughter of the +blacks; if the North help the blacks and save them from destruction, +then we shall be worse off than we are now, the two races will be +together with enmities aroused a thousand fold! + +But why not face the more hopeful question: Is there a remedy? There +is! The teacher and the preacher, the spelling-book and the Bible, the +saviours of men, the reformers of society, the uplifters of races, are +spreading over the South. They go to the manufacturing towns--the +Birminghams and the Annistons--they go to the large cities with their +common and normal schools, their medical, law and theological +seminaries. When the pupils become teachers, they go into the smaller +towns, they go into the rural districts, on the small farms, +everywhere instructing, encouraging and stimulating the people, +leading them to more intelligent industries, to economy, to the +purchase of land, the erection of better houses, to a higher aim in +life, and to the formation of a right character. Of such stuff men are +made, citizens, Christians; men who can use the ballot, who own +property that must be protected by the ballot; men who have homes that +must be refined and pure, churches where God is worshipped +intelligently and where a practical morality is taught and attained. +Such a people will be safe, for they will be bone and muscle of the +South, they will be needed in its wide expanse of fertile soil, needed +in its practical trades, needed for the accumulated wealth, +intelligence and cultivated piety they will bring into all the walks +and avocations of life. + +But it will be some time before these educational and religious means +reach all the blacks, and in the meantime much patience and toil will +be needed. To the blacks we would say: You won the admiration of men +and the blessing of God by your patience under the yoke of slavery +when there seemed to be no hope; now win both again by bearing in like +spirit your lesser present ills, while hope dawns and help is near. + +To thoughtful men North and South we urge: Take hold of this work like +men. If a thousandth part of the self-sacrifice and money spent in the +war were devoted to this work, the evil might be averted. Why stand +over-awed at a threatened flood that if met in time may not only be +averted but be turned into fertilizing waters over the broad lands? + + * * * * * + +BOOK REVIEW. + + THE REAR GUARD OF THE REVOLUTION. By JAMES R. GILMORE (Edmund + Kirke). D. Appleton & Co.: New York. 1.50. + + JOHN SEVIER AS A COMMONWEALTH BUILDER. By JAMES R. GILMORE (Edmund + Kirke). D. Appleton & Co.: New York. 1.50. + +Just one hundred years before the rebellion of the Southern States, +Daniel Boone cut on a beech tree near Jonesboro, Tenn., the following +words, which are still legible: + + D. Boon +Cilled A BAR on + THE Tree +in YEAR 1760 + +The same year that Daniel Boone "cilled" (killed) this "bar," William +Bean, a former companion of Boone's, settled in the valley of the +Watauga River, in what is now Eastern Tennessee. The two volumes whose +titles are given above trace the history of this mountain settlement +from the time that this pioneer crossed the Alleghenies down to the +death of John Sevier, Sept. 24, 1815. These books are of much more +than ordinary interest to the readers of the AMERICAN MISSIONARY. +James R. Gilmore (Edmund Kirke) has put the same power of graphic +description, the simple yet thrilling narrative, which held us +spell-bound to the last chapters of Among the Pines. + +Our limited space does not permit an extended review of these volumes. +We only call attention to them here because they touch upon great +missionary problems, and throw a flood of light upon these interesting +Mountain people among whom the A.M.A. has so extensive and important a +work. The first of these volumes in chronological order is the Rear +Guard of the Revolution. The colony of the Mountain people in the +Watauga Valley, led by John Sevier and James Robertson and Isaac +Shelby, constituted this "rear guard." No better blood ever mingled in +the veins of a people than that which flows in this Mountain people. +French Huguenot, Scotch-Irish Presbyterian and Welsh Presbyterian were +their ancestors. With such leadership as these three men furnished, +the early Mountain colonists ought to have been heroes, and they were. + +In the author's own words, "These three men, John Sevier, James +Robertson and Isaac Shelby, * * * were like Washington and Lincoln, +'providential men.' They marched neither to the sound of drum nor +bugle, and no flaming bulletins proclaimed their exploits in the ears +of a listening continent; their slender forces trod silently the +western solitudes, and their greatest battles were insignificant +skirmishes never reported beyond the mountains; but their deeds were +pregnant with consequences that will be felt along the coming +centuries." + +They were, and they held themselves to be, "providential men." Whether +reading the Bible by the light of the great pine fires, or burning the +cabins of the Cherokees, or driving the marauding +Chickamaugas into their lair at "Nick-a-Jack" cave, or beating the +British at King's Mountain, these men felt themselves called of God to +maintain for the people a free government. + +There was the same reckless administration of punishment that still +characterizes these Mountain people. A tory appeared in the road one +day near the home of Colonel William Campbell, of the "Backwater +settlement." The Colonel at once gives him chase; after a brief +absence he returns to his home, and his wife eagerly asks "What did +you do with him?" + +"Oh, we hung him, Betty, that's all." + +These early settlers did not immediately plant churches and +school-houses, as the settlers of New England did. Still they were not +altogether illiterate. A public document still in existence has the +signature of 112 out of 114 of their number who signed the paper, two +only making their X. + +In 1779, the first Court House was built at Jonesboro. At about the +same date, the author informs us, "The school mistress was to be found +at nearly every cross-road in the older settlements. She occupied a +small log-house, generally about sixteen feet square, and often +without floor or windows." The author might have added that she, or +one like her, occupies the same school-house to-day. + +In 1779, the first "church-house" was erected, and Rev. Tidence Lane +became the "first settled minister beyond the Alleghenies." + +To those of our readers who have recently followed the missionary work +of the A.M.A. in this Mountain region, these books will be of great +interest. + +CHAS. J. RYDER. + + * * * * * + +We have received from Rev. Austin Willey, author of "THE HISTORY OF +THE ANTI-SLAVERY CAUSE IN THE STATE AND NATION," a gift of one hundred +copies of the book for gratuitous distribution among our workers in +the South. We gave a brief review and a warm commendation of the +volume in the AMERICAN MISSIONARY for June, 1886, and we renew our +endorsement, and tender our thanks to the author for his benefaction. +Our field workers will be interested in this candid sketch of the +early anti-slavery struggle, and we believe that many of our white +friends in the South will be glad to read in the light of these quiet +days the sayings and doings of a class of people whom they then +misunderstood. + +The book may be had of B. Thurston, Portland, Me., or of C.T. +Dillingham, 678 Broadway, N.Y. Price, 1.50, postpaid. + +The reference to Father Willey and his book is suggestive. He is one +of the "old, original" abolitionists. Men who were once denounced and +are now scarcely honored, for lo! to the amazement and amusement of +some of us, we find that everybody was an abolitionist and always had +been, that everybody learned to hate slavery on the mother's lap, and +was always opposed to it! We who in those early days were treated as +outcasts by "gentlemen of property and standing," and mobbed +by the rabble at their bidding, are led to wonder what has become of +all those who thus disagreed with us! One marked exception occurs to +us. A prominent professor in a theological seminary, when the question +was put to him ten years ago: "Professor, when did you become an +Abolitionist?" replied, with a merry twinkle in his eye: "When it +became popular." We have found few, however, who are so frank or so +witty. + +M.E. STRIEBY. + + * * * * * + +THE UNCONSCIOUS INFLUENCE OF OUR MISSIONARIES AT THE SOUTH. + +In a recent number of The Nineteenth Century, Sir William W. Hunter, +an eminent authority, reporting the influence of the missionaries in +India, says that among the people to whom they have gone they have +built up the most complete confidence and implicit faith in the purity +and unselfishness of their motives. He declares that he regards the +missionary work of the English as an expiation for wrong-doing, and he +believes that the missionary instinct forms the necessary spiritual +complement of the aggressive genius of the English race. Sir William +also claims that the advance of missionaries in the good opinion of +non-Christian peoples is a most striking evidence of their high +character and intelligence, and that no class of Englishmen has done +so much to make England respected in India as the missionaries, that +no class has done so much to awaken the Indian's intellect and to +lessen the dangers of transition from the old state of things to the +new. + +After this much of condensation of that profound article by the +Christian Union, we quote from the author: + + "The careless onlooker may have no particular convictions on the + subject, and flippant persons may ridicule religious effort in India + as elsewhere. But I think that few Indian administrators have passed + through high office, and had to deal with the ultimate problems of + British government in that country, without feeling the value of the + work done by missionaries. Such men gradually realize, as I have + realized, that the missionaries do really represent the spiritual + side of the new civilization, and of the new life which we are + introducing into India." + +Names and places being changed, it is coming to appear that the whole +of this can be said of the Christian workers from the North among the +colored people of the South. Besides all of their work that can be +told by statistics, and besides all of that in building up character +among the Negroes and awakening their intellect and their aspiration +for thrift in every sense, they have exerted a profound unconscious +influence upon the white people of that Southland. They, too, have +built up among the whites a confidence in the purity and unselfishness +of their motives. At first they were suspected as emissaries of a +political party. By many even of the best people there they were held +as necessarily persons of low-down condition and character to be +willing to do that "low-down work." "With our views of the case, how +could we believe anything else?" was the answer to the +remonstrance against the current mode of treatment. Gradually this +feeling has been giving way to one of growing confidence, until for +several years such men as Rev. Dr. A.G. Haygood and Mr. G.W. Cable, +and such papers as the Memphis Appeal, and such a State Board of +Examiners as that of the Atlanta University have been publicly +declaring the high intellectual quality and moral standing of these +once despised teachers, while many of the most respectable citizens +are privately saying the same thing, and multitudes believe it, though +making no announcement of the same. + +By this crucifixion of feeling through which those workers have +passed, and by their self-denying endurance of hardness, they too, in +no small sense, have been making expiation for the wrongs done the +slaves. Their missionary instinct also forms the necessary spiritual +complement of the aggressive genius of the Puritan civilization which +is now taking possession where its sword had cleared the way. Their +advance in the good opinion of the best people of the South is also a +striking evidence of their high character and intelligence. No class +of Northern people going South have done so much to make the North +respected as the missionaries, and none are doing more to lessen the +danger of transition from the old state of things to the new. Going, +not as "carpet-baggers," but as citizens, to be identified with the +moral reconstruction of the South, they translate there the real +spirit of the North, and represent the spiritual side of the new life +which is going into that fair portion of our own dear country. By the +peculiar people to whom they especially go, and who prove to have a +natural affinity for Puritan ideas and institutions, they are doing +more than any others to set up, not a New England in the South, but a +New South, wherein shall be rejuviant the principles of that +civilization which was planted at Plymouth Rock. + +JOSEPH E. ROY. + + * * * * * + +EXPULSION OF NEGROES FROM MARION, ARKANSAS. + +It is not our custom to publish details of alleged outrages upon the +colored people at the South. We have no wish to stir up strife by +recalling memories of the past, or by giving incidents of recent +aggression against the helpless. But this case in Marion is free from +bloody details and is a simple illustration of the determination of +the white people to maintain their sway in the South. + +The simple facts in the case are, that in Crittenden County, Arkansas, +of which Marion is the county town, the population is chiefly colored, +the ratio being seven negroes to one white man. For several years the +office of Judge of the County and Probate Court, and the Clerk and +under officers of the court, were colored men. The more important +county offices were held by white men. On a given day, fifty or more +heavily-armed white men appeared at the county seat and drove from +their offices and homes the colored officers named above, together +with the colored local doctor, the lawyer, the schoolmaster +of the colored school, the editor of the colored newspaper and a +number of other prominent colored citizens. + +The farther details of the transaction are given in a thoughtful and +calm article in a recent number of The Independent by Rev. B.A. Imes, +the colored minister of the church at Memphis, Tenn., under the care +of this Association. We give below all of the article that relates to +the facts: + +THE CRITTENDEN COUNTY OUTRAGE. + +BY THE REV. B.A. IMES. + +From the bluff at Memphis we look across the river, where along the +western shore stretch the forests of Crittenden County, Arkansas, and +Marion, about fourteen miles from Memphis, is the county-seat. The +story of the recent banishment of fifteen prominent colored +office-holders, professional men and farmers has gone to the world. + +The whites, well armed, took their game by surprise, bagged and +shipped it without bloodshed. Now the "empire is peace" they say, +although for a time terror reigned among the startled colored people. + +With a Negro population six or seven times as large as the white, it +is not strange that the County Court Judge, the County Clerk and his +deputy should be Negroes, nor that they should aspire to other places +in public life. + +Unfortunately, as all witnesses agree, Judge Lewis and Clerk Ferguson +were given to drinking habits, which brought them under accusation +before the courts for drunkenness. It was probable that they would +have been convicted; but without awaiting the tardiness of the law, a +shorter process was found. + +In palliation of their hasty banishment it is claimed that anonymous +letters were sent to some of the leading white citizens, warning them +to leave the county. These letters it is asserted--not proved--must +have proceeded from Clerk Ferguson's office, although not written by +himself. The object was to intimidate those who would be most +efficient in convicting and deposing the unworthy officials. + +Furthermore, there are two opposing factions of colored Baptists at +Marion, and it is surmised that one of these factions, regarding these +prominent characters as their enemies, had something to do with the +letter-writing in order to bring down wrath upon them. Still another +theory is, that the whites have only been awaiting their chance, and +taking advantage of favorable conditions, knew when and whence the +said letters would be issued. It was all arranged beforehand. At all +events, the time was very short, after the delivery of the letters, +until Winchester rifles and shot-guns were in the hands of some scores +of white citizens, and fifteen Negro men, including Lewis and +Ferguson, York Byers, a deputy sheriff and well-to-do farmer, Dr. +Stith, a successful young physician, and others, were speedily sent +across the river to Memphis. + +Clerk Ferguson found himself surrounded by a squad of these brave +men, who, with rifles presented, demanded that he sign without +ceremony a resignation. He signed. Byers escaped through the swamps, +made his way to the river, and came to Memphis in a sorry plight. The +other victims were put upon the train with orders to go and never +return. Byers was to be violently dealt with, had they caught him. + +Sandy S. Odom, living on his farm about six miles from Marion, I am +informed, refused to leave his home, when waited upon and ordered to +go. Said he. "All I have is here--wife, child and farm--I can't go +away." For a time his pluck seemed to be respected. His fault was that +of being a friend of the Marion officials. He had once served at +Little Rock as a legislator from his district, but, like Cincinnatus, +had since resumed the plow. + +According to the latest by the Memphis Appeal, Odom has decided that +discretion is the better part of valor, and will be off for a safer +place as soon as his business affairs can be arranged. + +The Governor of Arkansas has refused to interfere, because the Circuit +Court Judge at Marion has solemnly charged the grand jury as to their +duty toward the writers of threatening letters, and also toward those +who unlawfully drove citizens from their homes, etc. But this solemn +part of the proceeding was enacted, in spite of the fact that the +sheriff of Crittenden County was one of the leading spirits in the +outrage upon the defenceless black men, and the judge and grand jury +and all Crittendon County are far from expecting to hear of any white +man being arrested. + +But last Sunday, Dr. Stith, one of the exiles, went back to Marion on +the morning train. He had heard that his wife was sick, and he said: +"If I am a man I must go to her." He was promptly arrested by the +patrol force at Marion and lodged in jail, where he is likely to +remain until next January meeting of court before he can have a trial. +There is nothing brought against him aside from his having been once +associated with the "offensive partisans." He had at one time been an +active politician, but more recently has devoted himself to his +profession, and was already known as a successful physician. Like +Odom, his character is not assailed: but he was educated, and +influential among the people. + +Two young ladies, teachers from Memphis, one of whom had taught last +year at Marion, went thither soon after Dr. Stith's arrest, to make +inquiry about a situation for teaching. + +They were closely watched, and in an interview were warned by a +reporter of the Memphis Appeal that it was not safe for them to remain +in Marion. They had reason to think that they were being watched as +spies in the interest of the banished; hence their stay was very +brief. + +When the Clerk Ferguson had vacated, a "white citizen" was at once put +into that office. It is a remarkable fact that, aside from a few hints +about the necessity of maintaining order and proceeding according to +law, the general tone of the press here is to the effect that this +occurrence, though unfortunate on account of its effect at the North, +was really justifiable. + +The cruel wrong inflicted upon those who have no crime laid to their +charge, no personal reproach of character, is treated as though it +were but little more than a joke. If the two officials were guilty of +drunkenness no one doubts that they could have been legally removed +from office. If the colored people at Marion are divided into +factions, then the whites could the more easily combine forces against +the officials in question, or any political ring which may have +existed. But there was a general Negro uprising threatened, and in +order to save their own lives the whites made haste to get into the +field first. This is the avowed excuse. But it is certain that no one +believes there was serious danger of a Negro uprising. The men +arrested and banished were unarmed, and taken by surprise. If they +were in any sense desperate or dangerous characters they turned +cowards suddenly, making no resistance. Indeed, there is but one +excuse for their bloodless surrender. They display to the world the +utter groundlessness of the charge of a conspiracy. No dynamite bombs, +no loaded weapons, no evidence of organized bands were discovered. + +In all the history of the shot-gun policy and the unnumbered outrages +committed, there are on record few, if any, cases of conspiracy +against life and property on the part of the Negro. But the true +animus of the Crittenden County affair, I think, is found in the +current declaration which is used at Marion on the part of the brave +men who drove out these exiles, viz.: "We don't want any educated +niggers, and won't have 'em here, not even to teach school." + +It should not be overlooked, that in this instance there is fully +revealed that singular idea which so widely prevails at the South, +viz.: A Negro is in his place only and always as a subordinate. It is +assumed that to educate him unfits him for his mission in life, unless +that education looks simply to some hand service. + +With this fact before us, we can explain the dead silence of the +pulpit and the press of the South as touching the first principles of +justice. + +The end justifies the means when "Negro rule" is to be prevented, and +to protest against this bold subversion of the great principles of +citizenship in the Republic, is to "wave the bloody shirt." We will +admit that it is by no means desirable that a mass of illiterate +people should hold sway, but we claim that the Southern white people +can break the "color line" if they will, by admitting frankly the +rights of the Negro, and by encouraging him to aspire to an +intelligent and worthy manhood. + + * * * * * + +EXTRACTS. + +Fifty years ago there was a boy in Africa who was taken prisoner in +one of the fierce wars between the tribes, and was carried away from +his home to be sold as a slave. First he was sold for a horse. Then +his buyer thought him a bad exchange for the horse, and compelled his +master to take him back. Then he was sold for so much rum. +This was called another bad bargain by the man who had bought him, and +again he was returned, to be sold for tobacco with the same result. +Nobody wanted the poor, miserable slave-boy, who was on the point of +committing suicide when he was bought by a Portuguese trader and +carried away in a slave ship. How little that wretched boy knew what +the future had in store for him as he lay chained in the hold of the +crowded slave-ship! But one of England's war ships that were clearing +the high seas of the slavers bore down upon the Portuguese vessel, +rescued the captives, and the African boy was placed under Christian +influences, baptized and educated, and to-day he is Bishop Crowther, +England's black Bishop in Africa.--The Gospel in all Lands. + + * * * * * + +A very obliging Indian.--Dr. C.A. White, Professor of Paleontology in +the Smithsonian Institution, relates this pleasing incident. Being in +the Ute country a year or so ago, in pursuit of scientific facts, he +found himself on one occasion encamped some fifty miles from Uintah +Agency. Being desirous of sending a letter to his wife in Washington, +he entrusted it to an Indian who, he learned by signs, was on his way +to the agency. He was not sure that the Indian understood what he +desired him to do with the letter, but took the risk of that. His wife +received the letter and was surprised at finding it postmarked Salt +Lake City. The Doctor afterward learned that the Indian arrived at the +agency just after the mail had gone, and knowing that it would be a +month before another mail would be sent out he actually carried the +letter to Salt Lake City, a distance of 225 miles, for this white man +whom he had never met before, and whose name he did not know. +Doubtless the Indian thought the letter of great importance, but where +is the white man who would have done as much for his best friend, +without the hope of reward or even thanks?--Council Fire. + + * * * * * + +SCHOOL ECHOES. + +In 1864 in Memphis, in a refugee school that I visited while chaplain +in the army, the Bible lesson was John xv., "I am the vine and my +father is the husbandman." One little fellow recited it thus: "I am +the vine and my father is a married man." + +What for we come to this school.--We come for to intelligent about the +civilization ways, and we want to American write, we want to American +home, and we want friendly each other with the white people. We are +commence learning discretion and we are works our own hands. My +conscience has cried because our Indian they can not do nothing with +their hands and when I look back our old Indian ways I am great sorry, +but when I looked future I have examined with careful attention, and I +very great pleasure. Last summer I went home. I worked at harness, but +I don't know some about measure length and wide, cut off I +know but not perfectly, so I come back to school again, because I want +to learn perfect all things about harness make without anybody help +me. + + * * * * * + +ROME AND THE FREEDMEN. + +We present below two articles on this subject. The first is from a +London paper and the second is from one of the many able papers edited +by colored men. As to the facts alleged we have no definite +information. When the slaves were emancipated the Roman Catholics made +very decided efforts to win them. It was supposed by Protestants that +the grand ceremonials, the gaudy vestments, the music, and especially +the welcome which the Papal Church was said to give to all men +irrespective of riches, race or color, would attract the Freedmen. But +the expectation was not met; the Freedmen were not attracted, and soon +the special efforts seemed to cease. But Rome never surrenders, and +those efforts may now be resumed. We invite attention to the two +articles. + +From "THE CHRISTIAN." + +Romanism is spreading among the colored people of the American +Continent, and it is said that several Negroes are now in training in +Rome and elsewhere to become priests. The American Roman Catholic +papers say that the cause is not far to seek, the Roman Catholic +Church being 'the only one on this continent offering the Negro +communion on terms of equality.' If this is not true all round, it +certainly is the fact that outbreaks of the so-called +'color-prejudice' have been of but rare occurrence among the +Romanists, and that they are apparently reaping the result in a large +accession of numbers. + +From "THE NEGRO AMERICAN." + +Few persons are aware of the rapid spread of Catholicism among the +colored people of this country. From the American Catholic Tribune, +the organ of the colored Catholics of America, we obtain facts that +are truly startling. Young colored men are now in Rome and in the +Catholic schools and colleges of the United States, preparing for work +among their people in America, and Africa as well, while to-day +missionaries are everywhere busy, sowing the seeds of Catholic belief +and worship. These teachings are eagerly accepted by the colored +people. The cause of this success among them is not far to seek. The +Catholic Church, of all which are ruled by whites on this continent, +is the only one offering the Negro communion on terms of equality. +While the Southern Protestants are setting up separate synods, +councils, presbyteries and conferences for the Negro, and the +Y.M.C.A., with the same narrow spirit, is refusing colored men seats +in its councils, while Northern Protestants are either neutral in this +matter of caste or only half-hearted in crying down upon the +sin of it; the Catholics alone have accepted in a full and liberal +sense the command, "preach my gospel to every creature," and have +extended fellowship to all, regardless of race, color or condition. It +matters not what their motive is. The fact stands boldly out. True, +instances are occurring of outbreaks of color-prejudice among the +Catholics, but the policy of the church is openly and boldly against +discrimination of whatever sort among its members. The fear of "social +equality," that shadow of a something that never did, and never can, +exist, that bug-bear of illiberal minds and narrow culture, does not +stand guard at the doors of this church to drive away the colored +worshipper or compel him to sit at the second table at the Lord's +feast. Is it to be wondered at, then, that the colored people are +flocking to the Catholic fold? This they will continue to do, so long +as the spirit of caste dictates the policy, and governs the action, of +the white Protestants of the United States. + + * * * * * + +THE SOUTH. + +VACATION ECHOES. + +REV. G.S. ROLLINS. + +I wish some of our home friends who complain of dull, unprofitable +prayer-meetings could step into one of the kind we have in our colored +churches. One soon loses sight of mispronunciation and wretched +grammar in listening to the sensible, meaty, forceful ideas which many +of these negroes can express. You cannot go to a prayer-meeting +without bringing something away. + +One good old mother in Israel said to me lately, in regard to the +weekly prayer-meeting: "I begins in de mawnin' to lay my plans fur dat +meetin', an I don stop ter eat so's to get my work along froo de day. +And I tinks and prays a heap about dat meetin' all day, I does." + +How many of you at home do as much for your prayer-meeting as this +poor old colored woman? No dull summer prayer-meetings when church +members go prepared like this. I have said that these people have +ideas and can express them. At my last prayer-meeting before departing +for my vacation, one good brother prayed that the "Lord would bless +the pastor in his absence and continue to fill him up with new things, +so he can give them out to us." The pastor is filling up as fast as +possible. + +One of the questions most often asked is, "Are the colored people +improving?" One has to say, "Of course they are." But are they +progressing rapidly? Yes and no. Yes, considering their antecedents +and present advantages. No, if one were to measure their rate of +progress by our impatience. The surest progress is not the swiftest. +Slow and sure is the rule by which we work. Statistics but feebly tell +the story of the improvement of the Freedmen since the war. +They can best testify concerning the advance who have been in the +field since the beginning of the work. + +But even if it is slow, it pays well. There came into my church one +Sunday not long ago a poor old lady who was a comparative stranger in +the city. During the sermon she sat with mouth, eyes and ears open. +After the service she came to me and said, "I tank de Lord He bro't me +year. I done been gwine ter church dese fifty years, an I nebber heard +de tex 'splained befo." This old lady has since united with our +church, and when she is not there I know something serious is the +matter at her home. It is worth a year's preaching to have the +privilege of enlightening one benighted soul like this. + +I called recently on an old gentleman who had become generally +disgusted with "dese yere churches roun year." I found him poring over +a big, well-worn Bible, the perspiration pouring down his shiny face, +and with a big pair of spectacles resting on the tip of his nose. With +an air of superior wisdom he surveyed me over the top of the +spectacles, and then solemnly stated to the few who gathered around as +I sat down on an old soap box, "Dat a preacher? I kin tell a preacher +the fus question I ask him." Then taking off the spectacles and slowly +closing the big Bible, he went on: "Now I'se gwine to put you all a +question" (looking at the others) "an den I'se gwine ter ask de +preacher, an I can tell whedder he'm a good one or not." "Now," said +he, "when we gits cold and wicked follerin' our own ways, how does de +Lord brung us back again to our senses?" This question was put with +various modifications to each in turn until it came to me. "Now, what +does you say?" he said to me. I replied that my experience said +"Trouble." "Yah! Yah! dat's it, Trouble. You's answered it, shore; +dese yere ignorant niggers, dey don't know nuffin. Ise gwine up to +hear you preach next Sunday." And sure enough, there he was the next +Sunday and his wife with him. This is about the way we gather them in, +one by one. + +A great many families are gathered in by getting their children +interested. A parent sends his little ones to our school and says: "I +never had no chance to git learnin', but I wants my children to have +it." + +There, after all this rambling, I have reached the one idea which I +believe ought to stick in the mind of every A.M.A. worker and every +A.M.A. supporter--the children! If we can only teach them, save them, +the African in America and in Africa is saved. It seems to me this is +the solution of the problem. The longer one labors among the colored +people and learns them and their surroundings, the more difficult +seems the solution of the negro problem. Tourists in the South and +people at a distance are very prolific in suggestions as to the best +methods for elevating the negro. Why! visitors who have spent hardly +twenty-four hours in a Southern city can write home marvellous letters +as to the wonderful progress of the colored race, and prophesy a +speedy settlement of the matter of negro education and race prejudice. +It is a fact, however, that the longer one stays here the more +puzzled he grows about these matters. An old A.M.A. worker said +to me, "The first year of your work you will think you understand the +colored people pretty well; the second year you won't know quite so +much; the third year still less, and so on until by the tenth year you +will think you don't know anything about them." But we all come to one +conclusion, that all the trouble arising from race prejudice will pass +away as the negro rises. When he is able to intelligently exercise all +his rights, then the white man will have to acknowledge them. This +result is in the distance, and while due attention is given to the +older ones, yet the destiny of the colored race is wrapt up in the +rising generation. They are terribly endangered, but they must be +saved if the race is saved. A new generation, who knew nothing of +slavery but much of the dangers of freedom, are taking hold upon +manhood. They must be taught to read, to think, to work, to save and +to love goodness for its own sake. If all this can be brought about I +believe the Negro question will be settled. This must be done. I trust +that not all of the 1,500 who have lately signified a willingness to +enter the mission field will suppose that all of the ignorant and +needy millions are on the other side of the globe. We hear a good deal +just now about patriotism. Now, how can one better prove his +patriotism than by giving his money or service to save his country +from ignorance and degradation? It will pay you back in dollars and +cents, to say nothing of the reward of learning that "it is more +blessed to give than to receive." + + * * * * * + +INTEMPERANCE. + + The few lines below indicate the quality and flavor of the papers + read by the graduating class at Atlanta University. + +One of the great causes of intemperance in our land is that lack of +self-respect which the present state of society induces among the poor +and laborious. Just as long as wealth is the object of worship and the +measure of men's importance, and is regarded as the badge of +distinction, just so long will there be a tendency toward +self-abasement and self-abandonment among those whose lot gives them +no chance to acquire it. + +Such naturally feel as if the great good of life were denied them. +They feel themselves neglected. Their condition cuts them off from +communion with educated and refined people. They think they have +little or no stake in the general weal of life. They feel as though +they have no character to lose, consequently intemperance takes +possession of them. + +This evil of intemperence is said by some to be the greatest of all +evils. It is the cause of the ruin of some of our fathers and +brothers, and I am sorry to say it ruins some of the mothers. When we, +the temperance girls and boys, ask them to leave off their habit of +drinking, they tell us that it does them good. When cold it makes them +warm, when warm it makes them cold. When troubled, it cheers +them. When weak, it strengthens them. It is certainly killing them by +degrees. + + * * * * * + +STUDENT'S LETTER. + +THE BLUE-JACKET TEACHER--FIRST SCHOOL EXPERIENCE. + +From youth I was impressed that the "Yankee" was the terror of the +world, capable of literally swallowing a small fellow, so it was with +great difficulty that Judge M.J. S----, a Southern white man, induced +me, in 1873, to enter Burrell Academy, then an A.M.A. school located +in Selma, Alabama, and taught by some of those "blue jacket" beings +whose names did not always begin with "blessed." The principal having +sent me to Grade 2, I followed a little girl to the door of that room. +She passed in while I stood at the door and thought thus, "Shall I go +in here when one of those awful "blues" is there?" Half doubting, half +fearing, trembling throughout, I slipped shyly inside the first +school-house I ever entered, and lo! to my greatest surprise there sat +a woman who was anything but "blue," whose face was as white and fair +as any ever seen, whose hair was slightly golden, whose voice seemed +more sweet, mellow and musical than the softest flute note; she was +one whom all praised and loved. The only blue about her was her eyes, +which marked her pure Saxon lineage. + +When I felt sure that no monster would suddenly spring from those +queer walls of white and black, I silently exclaimed, "Why, that's a +white woman!" + +In March, 1873, she began teaching me the alphabet, when I was +thirteen years old. I had no mother and no home or friend, other than +Judge S----, in whose family I served. + +In 1874 he left the city, leaving me homeless. I vainly sought work +but was turned away with "too small." + +Pinched and pressed by hunger and want, I was despairing when that +angel-like teacher, one of the purest and best of women, came to my +rescue, and thenceforth with her own hands and earnings continued to +help supply all my needs--material and spiritual. She taught me the +alphabet of school, of life and of heaven; she influenced me to pray, +and in answer to our prayers I was converted and joined the church in +1875. + +In May, 1879, finishing the course, I graduated from Grammar +Department A, of Burrell Academy, and began teaching in Cato, Miss., +in 1880. In the autumn of this year, I entered the Normal and College +Preparatory Departments of Talladega College, and graduated in May, +1884. + +Returning to Preston, Ga., I resumed my school work, whence I was +called to a position in Burrell Academy under Prof. Edwin C. Silsby, +Principal. Upon the resignation of the above named gentleman, +in 1885, I was finally chosen principal of that school. This position +I still hold, striving to perform in the most faithful, earnest and +satisfactory manner the work of him that sent me. + +The first money earned by me as teacher, went toward the purchase of +the home now owned and occupied by us. My good friend, who labors +to-day in Beaufort, N.C., having helped me through college and seen me +launch upon life's tide, seemed to say, "My boy, do not drift, but +steer straight for heaven's port, and do unto others as I have done +unto you." For me, her prayers still ascend, unto me, her wise counsel +still comes, and upon me, her benedictions still rest. + +In conclusion I say God bless you, A.M.A. for sending such a laborer +into the field, for if there is, or shall be, in me anything of +manhood, worth or useful service to my country, my people and my God, +the credit is due to her. + +ALEXANDER A. PETERS. + + * * * * * + +THE INDIANS. + +MR. MOODY'S MISSIONARY MEETINGS. + +REV. MR. SHELTON'S ADDRESS + + Mr. Moody's Missionary Meetings have been a marvel in their + conception, in their remarkably large audiences and in the still + more remarkably able and interesting class of speakers--some of them + from distant mission fields. They show how broad and many-sided is + Mr. Moody's mind and heart. + + At the meeting held August 8th, Rev. C.W. Shelton, the Financial + Secretary for Indian Missions of the American Missionary + Association, was invited to address the meeting. We condense from + the Springfield Union an outline of Mr. Shelton's stirring address, + and its effect upon Mr. Moody and others in attendance, with the + practical results. + +The most stirring address of the morning was delivered by Rev. Chas. +W. Shelton of New York City, on the Indian problem. He stated the +problem with simplicity and dignity, but when he got worked into his +theme, he became eloquent in his description of the position of the +Indian people and their strong desire to receive the gospel. While he +was illustrating his argument with pathetic incidents in his +experience, there were many of his audience in tears. + +The speaker described the Indians themselves; their first +characteristic was the deep religious nature which swayed their whole +life. They prayed oftener and more fervently than Christians, +worshipping everything that was unknown and mysterious; of which the +saddest thing was that the Indian's gods were all gods of anger, +involving sacrifices. To show the extent to which the Indians would +sacrifice themselves to appease their god's anger, a very touching +story was told of a boy torturing himself for the recovery of +his sick mother. At the close of the Mohonk Conference, two years ago, +our committee went to President Cleveland to petition in regard to +methods. He said that he sympathized with all our methods and ideas. +"But," he said, "gentlemen, you may do all you can at Mohonk, I may do +all I can here in the White House, and Congress may do all that they +can over there, but," and he turned and picked up a Bible, "gentlemen, +after all, that book has got to settle the Indian problem." +(Applause.) And the President was right. Before you can do anything +for the preservation of the Indian you've got to give him a new hope, +a new salvation. I have studied many tribes, and have never found a +tribe or village of Indians or a single Indian civilized before he was +Christianized. + +The speaker next considered the question whether the Christianization +of the Indians was possible. This he answered by the case of the 400 +Indians taken captive in the Sioux war which followed the Minnesota +massacre of 1862. In the fall of that year, a missionary went to their +prison, and in the next six months taught 392 to read and established +a church with 295 members. Subsequently President Lincoln pardoned all +but 39 and the survivors went among the Sioux, and the speaker +considered the ten Christian churches and 2,000 Christians among the +40,000 Sioux to be owing to this church of prisoners. In Dakota, every +one of the 40,000 Indians was ready to receive the gospel. + +On Mr. Moody's asking how much he wanted, he said that it took $400 to +start a station, and $300 a year to keep it up. He then related a very +pathetic story of an old Indian who traveled 150 miles across the +Territory seven times to get a missionary sent among his people. The +difficulty in getting one arose from the society sending the +missionaries, whose debt was so large that the executive board had +refused to send out any more. ("Board wants more faith," put in Mr. +Moody.) The old man finally went back to his people, saying sadly: +"They must die in their darkness; the Christian people of America +haven't interest enough in the poor dying Indian to try and help him." + +Mr. Moody, who had been apparently deep in thought ever since the +speaker had mentioned the sum necessary to start a station, now broke +out, "Got a mission started where that old man wanted it?" in such an +earnest way that it brought down the house. But Mr. Moody wasn't +satisfied till Mr. Shelton answered in the affirmative, and added that +what he said of the Sioux was true of the other tribes, 68 of whom +were untouched by any missionary efforts. At this point, $300 was +handed to the platform to establish a station, and the audience grew +enthusiastic. The speaker continued, illustrating the need of +Christian work among the Indians and their willingness to receive it +by telling a story of a little Indian girl who was converted while +dying. She asked of her teacher: "But, lady, how long have you known +of this beautiful story?" "Many years," replied the missionary. "And +how long has white man known of this?" "Oh, very many years." +"Lady, if white man has known about God and about heaven so long, what +for, why has he not told poor dying Indian about this before? If I +could only get well, I would go and tell all my people this beautiful +story about Jesus and home," and with those words, "Jesus and home," +her eyes closed forever. + +In answer to Mr. Moody's questions, he described the stations, little +buildings of three rooms, and the missionaries' life, at home, and +teaching the Indians to cultivate the soil, as well as preaching to +them; his wife also teaching the women. The audience had become quite +enthusiastic by the time he finished his eloquent appeal, and at this +moment Mr. Sankey offered $700 to start one station, and shortly after +Mr. Moody pledged an equal amount. A lady then handed in $400 to go +with the $300 subscribed during the address. Mr. Moody himself then +made a brief appeal, speaking of the Indian boys and girls in his +school and the high rank they had taken. He offered a short prayer and +then dismissed the audience, telling Mr. Shelton to "make himself +plenty" around the buildings during the afternoon, and doubtless he +would receive more money. + + Mr. Shelton did "make himself plenty" around the building, and the + result has been that nearly $3,000 were contributed either in cash + or in pledges that have since been redeemed. Still other + contributions are anticipated as the outcome of this fine address. + Three out-stations will be started at once in Dakota, one of them + bearing the name of Mr. Moody, another of Mr. Sankey, and the third + may be named Northfield or it may bear the name designated by the + donor. + + * * * * * + +THE CHINESE. + +CONFUCIUS AND CHRIST--A LETTER FROM HONG SING. + +It would be presumptious, I fear, for me to assume that the readers of +the Missionary remember the little sketch I gave some years ago of one +of our missionary helpers--Hong Sing. A very little man he is, in +"bodily presence weak" and in speech, for lack of lungs, sometimes "of +no account." Yet, though near-sighted almost to blindness, and though +often sick and always weary, in the intervals of work as a +house-servant he gained what seemed to me a remarkable knowledge of +the truth as it is in Jesus. The Bible was (and still is, I doubt not) +his unfailing companion, and its study his choicest rest. + +Several years ago, his health became so precarious that he decided to +return to his native land. A letter from him, under date of "San Ning +District, July 9th, 1888," has interested me so much that I feel sure +that others will enjoy the reading of it. His English needs +straightening somewhat, for, while the words are ours, the idioms are +sometimes decidedly Chinese. I confess, therefore, to having done a +little correcting and even translating, yet, for the most +part, the letter is just as our brother himself wrote it. + +"Mr. Pond:--Dear Brother, I must tell you that I think of you many +times and intended to write you many times, but some things prevented +me. I go out to tell the old, old story of Jesus, and many questions +have been asked. I am not able to write all, but I tell you a little. +Some ask: 'Do you believe our Confucius?' I said, 'I do.' 'Don't you +think his doctrine good?' I answer, 'Yes.' 'What was the matter, you +believe in Jesus, the foreign doctrine, and why not for our Confucius; +and what was the matter, you are entirely turned away from his +doctrine and not obey him; you think his doctrine not good enough for +you! He has taught us to worship the ancestors and also use a lamb for +sacrifice, why don't you obey?' + +"Ques.--'Your Jesus men, was there any difference between them and +us?' + +"Ans.--'No difference, our Jesus men wear hat just like your hat, wear +clothes like your clothes, walk just like you walk, but only one thing +was not like you--in worship. You all worship the idol, our Jesus men +worship the true God who is in heaven, and you all worship with meat +and fruit, etc., but we mean to worship with true heart. We believe +Jesus that we may obey Confucius doctrine, in which he has taught us +to be good. Those who are not Christians cannot obey what Confucius +taught. Before I became a Christian I was swearing and I speak evil +words, but since I believe in Jesus, these things I was entirely +stopped of. I remember Confucius has written in his book, teaching us +to be honest, and also say, vice things we must not look at, the vice +way we must not walk, the vice word we must neither speak nor hear. +How rarely I hear of a man who believes Confucius and does what he +taught. They are swearing all the time, speak the evil word all the +time, go among the bad women all the time. So this attests that they +do not obey Confucius, but disobey and dishonor him. Once we do like +the same, but since we found Jesus and believe he is our Saviour, we +stop to speak the bad word, stopped to gamble and smoke opium. Very +seldom I hear or see those who study Confucius do as the Jesus men, +for these are they that obey Confucius doctrine and keep his word. Why +cannot those disciples of Confucius be better men? Ah, Confucius only +a good man, he can only tell you the way how to be good man, but he +has no power to change your heart, and Jesus can if we trust in him. +This I know, for before I found Jesus I was always swearing and use +the bad language, but since I believe in Jesus and confess my sins and +ask him to forgive, I know that he has helped me to keep away from all +vice and has converted my heart that I might be a better man. +Therefore our Confucius was a man, but Jesus is God.' + +"Another question they asked me: 'You say, whenever you pray to God, +God is there. Suppose you go to the stable to pray, do you think God +was there--such a dirty place--and hear your prayer?' I answer, 'Yes, +for God is everywhere. And though we call the place a dirty place, the +heart that prays may be clean. You see the sun rise in the +sky, its beams shine over all the world; God's eye the same, not only +see over the world but all through our hearts.' + +"Mr. Hager (Missionary of the American Board in South China) has +opened a school in our district, so that I found a good opportunity to +speak in the name of Jesus. The seed was sown into their ears, but I +do not know what the hardest will be." + +I have also received a brief but interesting note from another of our +former helpers--Wong Ock--a man of great fervency of spirit and a +diligent student of the Word. Years ago he joined the Salvation Army +and was sent to London to be trained for Army work in China. We had +lost sight of him, till this letter came. Though not connected with +the Army he is busy in Christian work, preaching in one of the Gospel +Halls in Hong Kong under direction of Dr. Ernest J. Eitel. For some +time before he left California he declined to receive any salary as a +helper, believing that the Lord would provide, and he is working still +upon this principle, and not without fruit. A note from Dr. Eitel +speaks of one of Wong Ock's hearers offering himself for baptism, +though the work had been in operation but three weeks. + +In anticipation of the confirmation of the new treaty, the Chinese are +crowding upon us in larger numbers than at any time before for several +years. By hook or by crook they get in, finding no lack of American +lawyers ready to smooth their way, and when one opening in the +Restriction Act is closed to seek or make another. If well-supported +rumors are to be believed, even customs-officials have not always been +irresponsive to golden arguments. At any rate they come, and the +Central School in this city is crowded with pupils, the average +attendance for last month being 113, and the number present often +rising to 130 or 140. We are glad to welcome them, though with our +present force of teachers--which lack of means forbids us to +increase--the pressure for instruction in English interferes more or +less with that gospel teaching which it is our chief aim and our +sufficient reward to impart. Yet an earnest spirit pervades the +school, and, indeed in almost all our missions the outlook for harvest +seems to me more hopeful than ever before. + +WM. C. POND. + + * * * * * + +BUREAU OF WOMAN'S WORK. + +MISS D.E. EMERSON, SECRETARY. + +WOMAN'S STATE ORGANIZATIONS. + +CO-OPERATING WITH THE AMERICAN MISSIONARY ASSOCIATION. + +ME.--Woman's Aid to A.M.A., Chairman of Committee, Mrs. C.A. Woodbury. +Woodfords, Me. + +VT.--Woman's Aid to A.M.A., Chairman of Committee, Mrs. Henry +Fairbanks. St. Johnsbury, Vt. + +VT.--Woman's Home Miss. Union, Secretary, Mrs. Ellen Osgood, +Montpelier, Vt. + +CONN.--Woman's Home Miss. Union, Secretary, Mrs. S.M. Hotchkiss, 171 +Capitol Ave., Hartford, Conn. + +N.Y.--Woman's Home Miss. Union, Secretary, Mrs. William Spalding, +Salmon Block, Syracuse, N.Y. + +ALA.--Woman's Missionary Association, Secretary, Mrs. G.W. Andrews, +Talladega, Ala. + +OHIO.--Woman's Home Miss. Union, Secretary, Mrs. Flora K. Regal, +Oberlin, Ohio. + +IND.--Woman's Home Miss. Union, Secretary, Mrs. C.H. Rogers, Michigan +City, Ind. + +ILL.--Woman's Home Miss. Union, Secretary, Mrs. C.H. Taintor, 151 +Washington St., Chicago, Ill. + +MICH.--Woman's Home Miss. Union, Secretary, Mary B. Warren, Lansing, +Mich. + +WIS.--Woman's Home Miss. Union, Secretary, Mrs. C. Matter, Brodhead, +Wis. + +MINN.--Woman's Home Miss. Society, Secretary, Mrs. H.L. Chase, 2750 +Second Ave., South, Minneapolis, Minn. + +IOWA.--Woman's Home Miss. Union, Secretary, Miss Ella E. Marsh, +Grinnell, Iowa. + +KANSAS.--Woman's Home Miss. Society, Secretary, Mrs. Addison +Blanchard, Topeka, Kan. + +NEB.--Woman's Home Miss. Union, President, Mrs. F.H. Leavitt, 1216 H +St., Lincoln, Neb. + +SOUTH DAKOTA.--Woman's Home Miss. Union, Secretary, Mrs. S.E. Young, +Sioux Falls Dak. + + * * * * * + +A SKETCH OF MISSION LIFE ON THE FRONTIER. + +FORT YATES, DAK. + +I am alone once more, all my company have gone. The plasterer has just +been here and I had to dismantle my house entirely for him; I am +therefore too tired to write. I have been putting up bulberry jelly +and am trying to get ready for my company, which will come the first +of September and stay until we all go together down to Oahe to the +meeting. + +I feel that aside from the pleasure so much company gives me it will +help our work. This is the station farthest out in the wilderness, and +now that people know that soon the "native wild man" will be no more, +they all want to see him. I have two beds. When ladies come they fill +the bedrooms, and so if distinguished gentlemen come. I sleep either +in the kitchen or laundry on a blanket or robes. Several times this +year my bedrooms have both been full and I have made "down" beds on my +sitting-room floor for from two to six gentlemen. As I only have four +very small rooms, the kitchen floor is often covered, too, with beds. +My table is an extension table and my heart is an extension heart, but +alas for my dishes and silver! When Prof. W---- of Oberlin was here +the dishes would not go 'round and had to be pieced out; but, after +all, the guests have the best I can give them and have it freely, and +I gladly give them my services, and they seem to enjoy it. + +I put up a log house for a work room and laundry; I helped an Indian +boy to make a shutter to the door and window and I did all the +dividing and helped lift the logs, and we put up a pretty good room, +and it only cost me twenty dollars, I believe; and O! what would I +have done without it, with my big washings and ironings and +inexperienced Indian woman to work! I secured a little lime from the +plasterer and I am going to try to whitewash inside with a broom--I +have no brush. The Indians all came home without signing either paper +for the Commissioners. They will not sell their land. I am very sorry, +for I think it the best thing for them. + + * * * * * + +RECEIPTS FOR AUGUST, 1888 + + MAINE. $375.48. + +Auburn. Sixth St. Ch. 8.50 + +Augusta. Cong. Ch. 9.35 + +Bangor. J.G. Blake, 5; Geo. P. 19.00 +Jefferts, 5; J.H. Crosby, 2; H.A. +Merrill, 2; J.R. Adams, 1; L.M. +Phillips, 1; F.O. Buzzel. 2; Mrs. +Fisher, 1 + +Blue Hill. Cong. Ch. 7.00 + +Brewer. First Cong. Ch. and Soc. 15.75 + +Dennysville. Cong. Ch. 11.08 + +Gardiner. Miss Sarah M. Whitman 5.00 + +Hallowell. A.F. Page, 25; Sylvanus 30.00 +Smith, 5 + +Lisbon Falls. Mrs. S.W. Coombs 1.00 + +Machias. Sara Hills' Sab. Sch. Class. 1.25 +for Ind. Student Aid, Santee Agency + +Newcastle. Second Cong. Ch. 59.22 + +North Harpswell. Sab. Sch., 1.81: 5.70 +Mission Band, 3.89; by Rev. J. +Dinsmore + +Portland. Seamen's Bethel Ch. 40.00 + +Portland. J.J. Gerrish. Saint Lawrence 42.50 +St. Ch., 17.50; for Indian M. + +Saccarappa. Cong. Ch. 60.13 + +Thomaston. Cong. Ch. 10.00 + +Yarmouth. First Parish Ch. 50.00 + + + + NEW HAMPSHIRE. $194.30. + +Acworth. Cong. Soc. 8.80 + +Bethlehem. Cong. Ch. 16.50 + +Concord. G. McQuesten, 5; "A Friend," 10.00 +5 + +Epping. Miss Hannah Pearson, 5; Mrs. 8.00 +S.T. Billson, 3; for Indian M. + +Exeter. Mrs. E.S. Hall 20.00 + +Francestown. Cong. Ch. and Sab. Sch. 24.00 + +Hanover. Cong. Ch., Dartmouth College, 55.00 +50; "Susie's Birthday Gift, Aug. +19th," 5 + +Hudson. Miss E.A. Warner, for Student 10.00 +Aid, Talladega C. + +Lyme. Cong. Ch. and Soc. 27.00 + +Mount Vernon. Dea. Wm. Conant. 5.00 + +Rindge. "A Friend" 10.00 + + + + VERMONT. $228.07. + +Benson. Cong. Ch. and Soc. 26.55 + +Brownington. M.S. Stone 5.00 + +Castleton. Cong. Ch., for Prof. 7.93 +Lawrence + +Charlotte. Cong. Ch. and Soc. 26.45 + +Fairlee. "A Brother," for Atlanta U. 8.00 + +Granby and Victory. Cong. Ch. and Soc. 6.37 + +Johnson. First Cong. Ch. 13.00 + +New Haven. Miss A.W. Kent, for Atlanta 10.00 +U. + +Post Mills. "Friends," by Rev. L.E. 1.50 +Tupper + +Quechee. Cong. Ch. 14.85 + +Shoreham. Cong. Ch. 17.18 + +Wallingford. Cong. Ch. and Soc. 50.00 + +Waterbury. Cong. Ch. and Soc. 11.24 + +Westminster. "Mission Band." for 5.00 +McIntosh, Ga., by Mrs. Ellen D. +Wild + +Worcester. Ladies of Cong. Ch., for 5.00 +McIntosh, Ga. + +----. Mrs. J.N. Moore 20.00 + + + MASSACHUSETTS. $4342.84 + +Abington. First Cong. Ch. 43.65 + +Amherst. Amherst College Ch., 132.63; 140.38 +Second Cong Ch., 7.75 + +Amherst. First Cong. Ch., for Mountain 30.00 +White Work + +Andover. West Cong. Ch. 8.32 + +Arlington Heights. E.M. Juchan 1.00 + +Athol. Evangelical Ch. 78.45 + +Attleboro. Second Cong. Ch. and Soc. 75.00 + +Barre. Evan. Cong. Ch. and Parish 60.55 + +Bernardston. Miss M.L. Newcomb, for 100.00 +Chinese M. + +Boston. J.W. Davis, for Oahe Indian 75.00 +Sch. + +Boston "Union Workers." Union Ch., 10.00 +for Atlanta U. + +Boston Rev. Geo. F. Stanton, for 5.00 +Prof. G.W. Lawrence + +Brighton. F.G. Newhall 47.90 + +Dorchester. "A Friend" 1.40 + +Jamaica Plain. Central Cong. Ch. 50.00 + +Roxbury. Walnut Av. Cong. Ch. 244.05 + + ------ + + 433.35 + +Bradford. First Ch. and Soc. 36.81 + +Cambridge. Miss M.E. Smith's Sab. Sch. 9.32 +Class. First Ch., for Student Aid, +Atlanta U. + +Cambridgeport. Miss Hannah E Moore 8.00 + +Charlemont. Frank Eddy, for Indian M. 1.00 + +Conway. Cong. Ch. 4.00 + +Curtisville. Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch., 22.46 +for Oaks, N.C. + +Dedham. "P.O. Box 61," for Prof. G.W. 10.00 +Lawrence + +Easthampton. Ladies' Benev. Soc., 2 +Boxes of Books, etc, for Sherwood, +Tenn. + +East Granville. Y.P.S. of C.E. 2.65 + +Falmouth. First Ch. 48.00 + +Fitchburg. H.M. Francis 15.00 + +Framingham. Plymouth Cong. Ch. and 64.89 +Soc. + +Gardner. First Cong. Ch., to const. 30.00 +MRS. RUTH H. GREENWOOD L.M. + +Groton. Union Cong. Ch. 148.00 + +Groton. "A Friend," 35 for Indian M., 55.00 +10 for Chinese M., 10 for Mountain +White Work, and to const. M.E.W. a +L.M. + +Hawley. Cong. Ch. 6.17 + +Hingham Center. Cong. Ch., for 10.00 +Tougaloo U. + +Hinsdale. Miss S.A. Newhall, for 5.00 +Indian M. + +Holbrook. Winthrop Ch. 35.00 + +Holliston. Cong. Ch., 81.43; "Bible 131.43 +Christians of Dist. No. 4." 50. + +Hyde Park. Minnie Farwell, .30; Gracie +Campbell, .25; for Oahe Indian Sch. +55 + +Lakeville. Home Miss'y Soc., for 17.50 +Indian Sch'p + +Lawrence. South Cong. Ch. 13.58 + +Longmeadow. "A Friend of Mission," 1 2.00 +for Indian M. and 1 for Chinese M. + +Marshfield. First Cong. Ch. and Soc. 126.32 + +Medway. "Friends," 2 Boxes of C., +etc., for Sherwood, Tenn. + +Mittineague. Southworth Paper Co., Box +of Paper, etc., for Sherwood, Tenn. + +Mittineague. Miss Mary Houghton, for 2.00 +Indian M. + +Milford. Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch., for 25.00 +Atlanta U. + +Millbury. "A Friend," 30, to const. 36.00 +C.E. HUNT L.M.; M.D. Garfield, 5; +Lizzie M. Garfield, 1 + +Monterey. "For work of the A.M.A." 5.00 + +Newton Center. Sab. Sch. First Cong. 32.03 +Ch., for Rosebud Indian M. + +Newburyport. Mrs. Julia M. Balch, for 10.00 +Indian M. + +North Abington. Rev. Chas. Jones 1.00 + +North Amherst. Mrs. Geo. E. Fisher, 25.00 +for Indian M. + +Northampton. "Friends," for Indian M. 10.00 + +Northboro. Sab. Sch. Evan. Cong. Ch., 10.00 +for Mountain White Work + +Northfield. Ira D. Sankey, for Indian 700.00 +M., New Station + +Norfolk. Wm. E. Mann, for Indian M. 10.50 + + +North Weymouth. Miss Edith M. Bates 2.00 + +Pittsfield. Second Ch. and Sab. Sch., +a fine Bell and val. Box of +Articles, for Fort Yates Indian M. + +Plymouth. Sab. Sch., Ch. of the 30.00 +Pilgrims, for Rosebud Indian M. + +Randolph. Miss Abby W. Turner 20.00 + +Shirley. "A Friend" 1.00 + +Southbridge. "Friends," for Talladega 3.00 +C. + +South Hadley Falls. H.W. Taylor, for 10.00 +Indian M. + +South Weymouth. Sab. Sch. Class, by 10.00 +L.M. Pratt, for Talladega C. + +Springfield. "H.M.," 10.00; "A 1011.00 +Friend," 10; Mrs. H.M. Smith, 1 + +Sturbridge. Cong. Ch. and Soc. 40.60 + +Taunton. Sab. Sch. of Winslow Ch., for 20.00 +Atlanta U. + +Townsend. Cong. Ch. and Soc. 21.44 + +Upton. First Cong. Ch. and Soc. 63.00 + +Ware. Sab. Sch. East Cong. Ch., for 25.00 +Santee Home, Indian M. + +West Boxford. Cong. Ch. 8.35 + +West Brookfield. "W." 1.00 + +West Newton. Second Cong. Ch. 46.53 + +West Somerville. Mrs. N.B. Wilder, for +Prof. G.W. Lawrence. 50 + +Winchester. First Cong. Ch. 21.07 + +Woburn. Mrs. Eckly Stearns. 10.00 + +Worcester. N.W. Green, Pkg. Books, for +Sherwood, Tenn. + +Uxbridge. John Williams 5.00 + +Hampden Benevolent Association, by +Charles Marsh, Treas.: + +Monson 36.94 + +South Hadley Falls 12.00 + +Springfield. Mrs. Ed. Clarke 5.00 + + 53.94 + + ------ + + 4,042.84 + + ESTATES. + +Amherst. Estates of Mary Clark and 150.00 +Achsah Smith. 75 each, by E.W. +Clark. + +Winchester. Estate of Mrs. Harriet N. 150.00 +Jackson, by A.C. Tenney, Ex. + ------ + $4,342.84 + + + + RHODE ISLAND. $261.99. + +Bristol. Sab. Sch. of First Cong. Ch., 38.57 +for Student Aid, Fort Berthold +Indian Sch. + +Newport. Mrs. S.L. Little. 3.00 + +Peace Dale. Cong. Ch. 80.87 + +Providence. Beneficient Cong. Ch., 139.55 +119. 55: N.W. Williams, 20. + + + + CONNECTICUT. $1,977.47. + +Barkhamsted. Cong. Ch. 3.50 + +Colebrook. Cong. Ch. 6.25 + +Derby. "A Friend," 20; Miss S.E. 22.00 +Swift, 2, for Student Aid, +Tillotson C.& N. Inst. + +East Hartford. Y.P.S.C.E. of South 40.00 +Cong Ch. (Hockanum), for Indian M. + +Enfield. Mrs. S.S. Wood's S.S. Class, 15.00 +for Indian Sch'p + +Enfield. Daniel H. Abbe 5.00 + +Fairfield. Mrs. Jonathan Sturges, for 25.00 +Indian M. + + + +Farmington. Edward Norton, for Student 20.00 +Aid, Tillotson C.& N. Inst. + +Glastonbury. D.W. Williams, for Native 75.00 +Indian Miss'y. + +Glastonbury. Helen S. Williams, for 0.25 +Rosebud Indian M. + +Greeneville. Cong. Ch. 17.00 + +Hartford. Sab. Sch., Pearl St. Cong. 34.22 +Ch., for Rosebud Indian M. + +Hartford. Newton Case, for Jewett Mem. 5.00 +Hall, Grand View, Tenn. + +Ivoryton. "A Friend," for Prof. G.W. 5.00 +Lawrence + +Kent. Miss M.A. Hopson, for Indian M. 1.00 + +Litchfield. Mrs. Joseph Adams, for 70.00 +Indian Sch'p. + +Litchfield. John O. Coit, for Indian M. 6.00 + +Lisbon. Cong. Ch. 23.25 + +Lyme. Grassy Hill Cong. Ch. 7.93 + +Monroe. "Friends of the Cause". 10.00 + +Monroe. Rev. H.M. Hazeltine, for 1.00 +Freight + +New London. "Trust Estate of Henry P. 200.00 +Haven," for Tillotson C.& N. Inst. + +New Milford. Sab. Sch. First Cong. 70.00 +Ch., for Sch'p, Hampton N.& A. +Inst. + +Norfolk. "A Friend," for Indian Sch'p. 10.00 + +Norfolk. "J.B.E.," for Jewett Mem. 10.00 +Hall, Grand View, Tenn. + +North Guilford. Mrs. Eben F. Dudley, 5.00 +for Indian M. + +North Stamford. "A Friend". 5.00 + +Norwich Town. "Cash," for Jewett Mem. 2.00 +Hall, Grand View, Tenn. + +Old Lyme. First Cong. Ch. 25.00 + +Oxford. Cong. Ch. 23.29 + +Plantsville. Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch., 18.24 +for Indian M. + +Plantsville. Miss Jennie Smith, for 17.50 +Indian Sch'p. + +Plymouth. J.M. Wardwell, 20; Mrs. J.M. 57.00 +Wardwell, 20; W.W. Bull, 10; B.B. +Wells, 7, for Jewett Mem. Hall, +Grand View, Tenn. + +Prospect. Cong. Ch. 14.00 + +Redding. Cong. Ch. 23.63 + +Ridgebury. Cong. Ch. 2.60 + +Ridgefield. Cong. Ch. 18.92 + +Rockville. J.N. Stickney, for Indian M. 10.00 + +Salem. Cong. Ch. 10.00 + +Sharon. Cong. Ch. and Soc. 64.17 + +Somersville. Mrs. Orpha P. Smith, for 5.00 +Beach Inst. + +South Britain. Sab Sch. of Cong. Ch. 10.31 + +South Windsor. Sab. Sch. of Second 15.68 +Eccl. Ch., 10.28; First Cong. Ch., +5.40. + +Stanwich. Mrs. Chas. Brush. 500.00 + +Thomaston. Young Ladies' Mission 100.00 +Circle, 20; Aaron Thomas, 20; Mrs. +Geo. W. Gilbert, 10; Geo. C. +Gilbert, 5; C.H. Gilbert, 2; Mrs. +C.H. Gilbert, 1; Geo. B. Gilbert, +1; Chas. H. Gilbert, 1; W. +Woodruff, 10; T.J. Bradstreet, 10; +C.E. Thomas, 5; L.A. Morse, 5; Geo. +A. Stoughton, 5; Geo. H. Stoughton, +2; Mabel Freeman, 2; Mrs. J.S. +Eastwood, 1; for Jewett Mem. Hall, +Grand View, Tenn. + +Thomaston. Cong. Ch. 10.56 + +Tolland. Lucy L. Clough 20.00 + +Washington. Cong. Ch. 57.22 + +Waterbury. "A Friend," for Indian M. 10.00 + +Waterbury. Mrs. Mary A Brooks 5.00 + +West Chester. Ladies of Cong. Ch., for 12.00 +Conn. Ind'l Sch., Ga. + +West Haven. Mrs. E.C. Kimball 5.00 + +Wethersfield. Cong. Ch. 59.50 + +Windham. Cong. Ch. 21.95 + +Windsor. Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch., for 70.00 +Rosebud Indian M. + +Winsted. D. Strong, 20; C.B. Hallet, 96.50 +10; J.L. Griswold, 10; Henry Gay, +10; "A Friend," 10; Mrs. R.E. +Holmes, 5; M.B. Dudley, 5; J.J. +Whiting, 5; L.W. Tiffany, 5; H.H. +Kelsey, 3; Chas. Moore, 2; E.B. +Gaylord, 2; Miss N.D. Camp, 1; W.J. +Garvin, 1; "Cash," 1; "Cash," 1; +"Hosiery Hands," friends of W.F. +Taylor, 5.50; for Jewett Mem. Hall, +Grand View, Tenn. + + NEW YORK. $5,078.18 + +Brooklyn. S. Ballard, for School 1200.00 +Building, Macon, Ga. + +Brooklyn. "A Friend." by S. Ballard, 500.00 +for Macon, Ga., to Purchase Land. + +Brooklyn, E.D. Mrs. J.M. Hyde 1.00 + +Chenango Forks. John B. Rogers. 10.00 +deceased, 5; Cong. Ch. and Sab. +Sch., 5; by Emma W. Ely, Treas. + +Comstock. Russell Ranney. 20.00 + +Deansville. Mrs. L.A. Peck. 1.00 + +Eaton. Cong. Ch. and Soc. 10.00 + +East Bloomfield. Sab. Sch. of Cong. 81.64 +Ch., for Santee Indian Sch. + +East Otto. Cong. Ch. 5.00 + +Elbridge. Cong. Ch. 3.00 + +Fairport. Mrs. Garry Brooks, for 10.00 +Student Aid, Tillotson C. and N. +Inst. + +Gerry. Mrs. Mary A. Sears 198.36 + +Granby Center. J.C. Harrington, 10.00 +deceased, by Jay C. Harrington + +Jamestown. Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch., 9.18 +8.18; Mrs. J.L. Hall, 1. + +Lockport. "Friends," for Freight 1.50 + +Mexico. Mrs. M.A. Gould,.50; Mildred +Gould,.10. 60 + +New York. Mrs. J. Leaich, for Indian M. 50.00 + +New York. The Misses Collins, for 35.00 +Hospital, Indian M. + +New York. J.D. Taylor, 5; Wm. M. 6.00 +Denman, 1; for Jewett Mem. Hall, +Grand View, Tenn. + +Norwich. "Two Ladies of Cong. Ch." 4.00 + +Oneida. E. Loomis 5.00 + +Orient. Cong. Ch. 14.98 + +Owego. Cong. Ch. 9.00 + +Patchogue. First Cong. Ch. 18.09 + +Perry Center. Cong. Ch. and Soc. 30.66 + +Perry Center. Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch., 12.75 +for Rosebud Indian M. + +Perry Center. Sab. Sen. of Cong. Ch., 6.25 +for Indian M. + +Sag Harbor. Chas. N. Brown, for Indian 5.00 +M. + +Sing Sing. Mrs. Cornelia E. Judd, 20; 30.00 +Mrs. Reuben Cole, 10 + +Syracuse. Plymouth Cong. Ch. 35.17 + +Utica. Caroline E. Backus, for Indian 3.00 +M. + +Warwick. Mrs. Sarah Welling, for a New 300.00 +Teacher, Indian M. + +Westmoreland. Mrs. Sarah M. Dann and 2.00 +Sister, for Indian M. + + ------ + + 2,578.18 + + ESTATES. + +Perry Center. Estate of Simeon E. 2000.00 +Barber, in memoriam of Geo. K. and +Mrs. Martha B. Sheldon. + +Perry Centre. Estate of Simeon R. 500.00 +Barber. + ------ + 5,078.18 + + + + NEW JERSEY. $436.73. + +Chester. Cong. Ch., 27.25; Sab. Sch., 31.73 +4.48. + +Jersey City Heights. Mrs. H.O. Ames 6.00 + +Morristown. Mrs. S.G. Owen. 200: Miss 400.00 +M. Ella Graves, 200; for Teacher, +Indian M. + + + + PENNSYLVANIA. $24.75. + +Bradford. Chas. E. Webster. 5.00 + +East Springfield. Mrs. C.J. Cowles. 4.50 + +Scranton. Mrs. Jane L. Eynon, for 15.00 +Indian Sch'p. + +Sewickley. Mrs. E.H. Wilkine, for 0.25 +Indian M. + + + + OHIO. $493.83. + +Adams Mills. Mrs. M.A. Smith. 10.00 + +Berlin Heights. Cong. Ch. 5.00 + +Cincinnati. Sab. Sch. Central Cong. 14.28 +Ch. + +Freedom. Cong. Ch. 8.00 + +Greensburg. Mrs. H.B. Harrington. 9.00 + +Harmar. Cong. Ch. 127.69 + +Mansfield. Mrs. F.E. Tracy and Mrs. 100.00 +Avers, for Student Aid, Tillotson +C. and N. Inst. + +Newark. Welch Cong. Ch. 14.46 + +Oberlin. C.V. Spear, for Jewett Mem. 10.00 +Hall, Grand View, Tenn. + +Pittsfield. Cong. Ch. 6.50 + +Ohio Woman's Home Missionary Union, +by Mrs. Phebe A. Crafts, Treas., +for Woman's Work: + + Cleveland. Euclid Av. L.H. M.S., 0.25 + for Indian Sch'p Fund. + + Columbus. High St. Ch. Y.L.H.M.S., 10.00 + for Indian Sch'p Fund. + + Garrettsville. L.H.M.S 5.00 + + Hudson. L.H.M.S. 7.00 + + Hudson. L.H.M.S., for Indian Sch'p 2.65 + Fund. + + North Bloomfield, W.M.S. 5.00 + + Oberlin. Second Ch., Ladies' Soc. 89.73 + + Painesville. L.H.M.S., for Indian 7.00 + Sch'p Fund + + Ravenna. Cong. Ch. L.H.M.S., for 5.25 + Indian Sch'p Fund. + + Ravenna. Sab. Sch. Cong. Ch., for 3.50 + Indian Sch'p Fund + + Sandusky. Sab. Sch. Cong. Ch. 22.69 + + Wellington. Cong. Ch. L.B.S. 15.00 + + West Williamsfield. W.M.S. 14.23 + + ------ + + 187.30 + + + + ILLINOIS. $584.44. + +Amboy. Cong. Ch. 45.00 + +Avon. Cong. Ch. 4.80 + +Englewood. Sab Sch. of First Cong. +Ch., Box of S.S. Papers, for +Talladega C. + +Chicago. First Cong. Ch., 92.48; 205.03 +Western Av. Branch First Cong. Ch., +1.20; New Eng. Cong. Ch., 80.57; +Lincoln Park Cong. Ch., 30.78 + +Chicago. South Cong. Ch. W.H.M.U., for 25.00 +Woman's Work + +Chicago. ---- Babbit, Chest of +Carpenter's Tools, (val. 125) for +Tillotson C. and N. Inst. + +Elgin. "Three Friends," for Prof. G.W. 5.00 +Lawrence + +Gridley. Cong. Ch. 6.65 + +Griggsville. Mrs. Anna E. McWilliams. 5.00 + +Homer. Cong. Ch. 4.40 + +Joy Prairie. Cong. Ch. 35.25 + +Kewanee. Mrs. H.E. Kellogg. 3.00 + +Marseilles. Cong. Ch. 41.02 + +Ontario. Cong. Ch. 7.79 + +Payson. J.K. Scarborough. 100.00 + +Pecatonica. Cong. Ch. 3.00 + +Peru. J.W. Hopkins. 50.00 + +Prospect Park. Cong. Ch. 18.00 + +Quincy. Joshua Perry. 10.00 + +Rockton. Cong. Ch. 10.00 + +Ridge Prairie. Cong. Ch. 2.50 + +Thomasboro. H.M. Seymore. 3.00 + + + + MICHIGAN. $163.76. + +Addison. Cong. Ch. 5.00 + +Allegan. Cong. Ch. 10.31 + +Ann Arbor. Mrs. R.M. Cady 1.00 + +Armada. Mrs. M.A. Judson. 4.50 + +Big Rapids. Cong. Ch. 4.45 + +Calumet. Ladies' Miss'y Soc., for 20.00 +Athens, Ala. + +Hillsdale. J.W. Ford. 1.00 + +Homestead. Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch. 7.50 + +Olivet. ----, for Indian M. 100.00 + +Saint Joseph. Ladies' Soc., 5; Sab. 10.00 +Sch., 5, for Fisk U + + + WISCONSIN. $410.76. + +Beloit. First Cong. Ch. 151.26 + +Fond du Lac. Cong. Ch. (30 of which to 70.00 +const. MRS. JAMES BASS L.M.) + +Fort Atkinson. P.T. Gunnison. 10.00 + +Kenosha. Dr. Thos. Gillespie. 25.00 + +Rosendale. Daniel Clark, W.T. Innis, 15.00 +O.M. Hoyt, Mrs. Carrie Parsons, +David Jenkins and I.N. Woodruff. + +Sturgeon Bay. "Friends," Bbl. C., +etc., for Sherwood, Tenn. + +Viroqua. Ladies' Miss'y Soc., for 5.00 +Sherwood, Tenn. + +Wauwatosa. Cong. Ch., ad'l to const. 24.50 +MRS. GEO. ROGERS and Miss LILLY +FOWLER L. M's. + + ------ + + 300.76 + + ESTATES. + +Monroe. Estate of H, E. Boardman, 110.00 +M.D., by Mrs. S. C. Boardman, Execx + ------ + 410.76 + + + + IOWA. $370.53 + +Ames. Cong. Ch. 15.00 + +Charles City. Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch. 7.50 + +Davenport. Edwards Cong. Ch. 1.50 + +Farragut. Cong. Ch. 29.43 + +Grinnell Cong. Ch. 81.05 + +Hillsboro. John W. Hammond 5.00 + +Iowa City. Cong. Ch. 46.90 + +Keokuk. Cong. Ch. 53.94 + +Red Oak. Ladies' Miss'y Soc., 2 Bbls. +C., etc., for Sherwood, Tenn. + +Storm Lake. Cong. Ch., 20; Jos. H. 22.00 +Hoopes, 2. + +Traer. Cong. Ch. 5.00 + +Woman's Home Missionary Union of Iowa, +for Woman's Work: + + Cedar Falls. L.M.S. 6.64 + + Clinton. Ladies' Miss'y Soc. 5.00 + + Des Moines. L.M.S., North Cong. Ch. 6.26 + + Des Moines. W.M.S., Plym. Ch. 15.75 + + Marion. "Gleaners" 40.00 + + Miles L.M. Soc. 10.00 + + McGregor. L.M. Soc. 8.58 + + Magnolia. W.H.M.U. 2.65 + + ------ + + 103.21 + + + + MINNESOTA. $71.07. + +Austin. Cong. Union Ch. 22.29 + +Brownsville. Mrs. S. M. McHose. 5.00 + +Minneapolis. Plymouth Ch., 14; First 18.32 +Cong Ch., 4.32. + +Owatonna. Cong Ch. 5.45 + +Saint Anthony Park. Cong. Ch. 11.50 + +Saint Paul. Class of Boys, for 1.50 +Talladega C. + +Springfield. Cong. Ch. Children's Day 7.01 +Coll., 520; Sab. Sch., 181. + + + + MISSOURI. $16.00. + +Kidder. First Cong. Ch. 10.00 + +Laclede. Mr. and Mrs. E. D. Seward, 6.00 +for Mountain White Work + + + + KANSAS. $21.00. + +Manhattan. Mrs. Mary Parker of Cong. 20.00 +Ch. + +Plevna. Cong. Ch. 1.00 + + + + DAKOTA. $35.94. + + +Chamberlain. Cong. Ch. 8.00 + +Elron. Cong. Ch. 1.00 + +Oahe. Endowment Fund, for Oahe Indian 20.00 +Sch. + +Valley Springs. Miss'y Soc., by Mm J. 1.94 +K. Cook, Treas. + +Dakota Woman's Home Missionary Union, 5.00 +for Woman's Work, by Mrs. Sue +Fifield, Treas.; Sioux Falls, +King's Daughters + + + + NEBRASKA. $37.00. + +Exeter. Young Ladies' Miss'r Soc., for 5.00 +Woman's Work. + +Omaha. Third Cong. Ch. 24.00 + +Princeton. Ger. Cong. Ch. 3.00 + +Santee Agency. J. A, Chadbourne, for 5.00 +Mountain White Work + + + + OREGON. $33.00. + +Myrtle Point. C. C. Stoddard. 3.00 + +Portland. First Cong. Ch., to const W. 30.00 +H. Holcomb, L.M. + + + + COLORADO. $30.00 + +West Denver. Cong. Ch., 15.11; Ladies' 30.00 +Miss'y Soc., 13.37; Y.P.S.C.E., +1.62, by Rev. R. T. Cross + + + + DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. $11.00. + +Washington. Lincoln Memorial Ch. 11.00 + + + + VIRGINIA. $5.30 + +Herndon. Cong. Ch. 5.30 + + + + NORTH CAROLINA. $3.10. + +Harrisville. Cong. Ch. 1.60 + +Nalls. Cong. Ch. 0.50 + +Troy. S.D. Leak. 1.00 + + + + TENNESSEE. $12.00 + +Macon. Tuition. 1.00 + +Marietta. Cong. Ch., 75c.; Sab. Sch., 1.50 +75c. + + + + MISSISSIPPI. $2.50. + +Tougallo. Tuition 2.50 + + + + LOUISIANA. $100.00. + +New Orleans. S. B. Steere, for Theo. 100.00 +Student Aid. Talladega C + + + + INCOMES. $100.00. + +Avery Fund, for Mendi M. 50.00 + +Hayel Sch'p Fund, for Fisk U 50.00 + + + + ENGLAND. $10.00. + +Chigwell. Miss S. Louisa Ropes. 10.00 + + ====== + +Donations. 12,413.04 + +Estates. 2,901.00 + +Incomes. 100.00 + +Tuitions 10.50 + + ------ + + Total for August 15,433.54 + + Total from Oct. 1 to August 31 261,318.27 + + ====== + + + + FOR THE AMERICAN MISSIONARY + +Subscriptions for August 23.60 + +Previously acknowledged. 874.01 + + ------ + + Total. 897.61 + + ====== + + + * * * * * + +H.W. HUBBARD, Treasurer, +56 Reade St, N.Y. + + * * * * * + +Advertisements + +HYMN AND TUNE BOOKS FOR ALL SERVICES. + + * * * * * + +LAUDES DOMINI. + +This latest of Dr. Chas. S Robinson's famous hymn and tune books has +already been adopted by hundreds of churches. Choirs and congregations +are charmed with the richness and great variety of its music. + +SPIRITUAL SONGS FOR CHURCH AND CHOIR. + +Is used with satisfaction in thousands of churches. It is preferred by +those who enjoy selections from the better class of what is commonly +called popular music. It is less expensive than "LAUDES DOMINI," and +there is a cheap edition of it without music. + +ABRIDGED EDITION LAUDES DOMINI. + +A complete book for churches which prefer a more limited selection of +hymns and tunes. It is also well adapted to use in colleges, or in the +prayer-meetings of churches possessing a fair amount of musical +ability. + +SPIRITUAL SONGS FOR SOCIAL WORSHIP. + +More than 200,000 copies of this popular prayer-meeting hymn and tune +book have been sold. It never fails to give satisfaction. + +An edition is now ready, bound in boards, with tunes, only FORTY CENTS +PER COPY. And a "words only" edition, in paper covers, at TEN CENTS +PER COPY. + +FOR THE SUNDAY-SCHOOL. + +A new selection by Dr. Chas. S. Robinson will soon be ready, which +will doubtless be the best book of its kind ever issued. + +THE CENTURY CO., 33 East 17th Street, NEW YORK. + + * * * * * + +ANDREWS MANUFACTURING CO. + +School, Church, Chapel and Sunday-School Seating. + +[Illustration] + +DOVETAILED SCHOOL-DESKS, GLOBES, MAPS, CHARTS, BLACKBOARDS, &C. + +CHURCH CHAIRS, PEWS, PULPITS, COMMUNION TABLES, COLLECTION PLATES, +&C., &C. + +IMPROVED METHODS OF SEATING WITH SETTEES AND TAYLOR PATTERN CHAIRS. + +Catalogues free on application. + * * * * * + +ANDREWS MANFG. CO., 686 Broadway, New York + +A.H. ANDREWS & CO., 195 Wabash Ave., Chicago. + +Post and Stockton Sts., San Francisco + + * * * * * + +INK: + +BLACK +VIOLET +PINK +RED +GREEN + +You can make it yourself without the slightest trouble, and at a +saving of 200 per cent. with WALPOLE INK POWDERS, which will yield +several quarts of the best Ink in the world. Package of either color +25 cents. Liberal discount in large packages to parties desiring to +make Ink for sale. Used extensively by Schools, Banks, Merchants, and +Blank Book Manufacturers. Full information by circular, free by mail. +Address, Walpole Dye and Chemical Company, 119 Milk Street, Boston, +Mass., U.S.A. + + * * * * * + +WEBSTER + +[Illustration] + +3000 more Words and nearly 2000 more Illustrations than any other +American Dictionary. + + * * * * * + +Among the supplementary features, unequaled for concise and +trustworthy information, are + +A Biographical Dictionary + +giving brief facts concerning 9,700 Noted Persons of ancient and +modern times. + +A Gazetteer of the World + +locating and describing 25,000 Places; and a Vocabulary of the names +of Noted + +Fictitious Persons and Places. + +The latter is not found in any other Dictionary. Webster excels in +SYNONYMS which are appropriately found in the body of the work. Sold +by all Booksellers. Pamphlet free. + +G. & C. MERRIAM & CO., Pub'rs, Springfield, Mass. + + + + + + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The American Missionary, Volume XLII. +No. 10. October 1888, by Various + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE AMERICAN MISSIONARY, *** + +***** This file should be named 13641.txt or 13641.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/1/3/6/4/13641/ + +Produced by Joshua Hutchinson, Josephine Paolucci, the PG Online +Distributed Proofreading Team and Cornell University. + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. Special rules, +set forth in the General Terms of Use part of this license, apply to +copying and distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works to +protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm concept and trademark. Project +Gutenberg is a registered trademark, and may not be used if you +charge for the eBooks, unless you receive specific permission. If you +do not charge anything for copies of this eBook, complying with the +rules is very easy. You may use this eBook for nearly any purpose +such as creation of derivative works, reports, performances and +research. They may be modified and printed and given away--you may do +practically ANYTHING with public domain eBooks. Redistribution is +subject to the trademark license, especially commercial +redistribution. + + + +*** START: FULL LICENSE *** + +THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE +PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK + +To protect the Project Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting the free +distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work +(or any other work associated in any way with the phrase "Project +Gutenberg"), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full Project +Gutenberg-tm License (available with this file or online at +https://gutenberg.org/license). + + +Section 1. General Terms of Use and Redistributing Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic works + +1.A. By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree to +and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property +(trademark/copyright) agreement. If you do not agree to abide by all +the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or destroy +all copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in your possession. +If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic work and you do not agree to be bound by the +terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from the person or +entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in paragraph 1.E.8. + +1.B. "Project Gutenberg" is a registered trademark. It may only be +used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people who +agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement. There are a few +things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works +even without complying with the full terms of this agreement. See +paragraph 1.C below. There are a lot of things you can do with Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic works if you follow the terms of this agreement +and help preserve free future access to Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works. See paragraph 1.E below. + +1.C. The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation ("the Foundation" +or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the collection of Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic works. Nearly all the individual works in the +collection are in the public domain in the United States. If an +individual work is in the public domain in the United States and you are +located in the United States, we do not claim a right to prevent you from +copying, distributing, performing, displaying or creating derivative +works based on the work as long as all references to Project Gutenberg +are removed. Of course, we hope that you will support the Project +Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting free access to electronic works by +freely sharing Project Gutenberg-tm works in compliance with the terms of +this agreement for keeping the Project Gutenberg-tm name associated with +the work. You can easily comply with the terms of this agreement by +keeping this work in the same format with its attached full Project +Gutenberg-tm License when you share it without charge with others. + +1.D. The copyright laws of the place where you are located also govern +what you can do with this work. Copyright laws in most countries are in +a constant state of change. If you are outside the United States, check +the laws of your country in addition to the terms of this agreement +before downloading, copying, displaying, performing, distributing or +creating derivative works based on this work or any other Project +Gutenberg-tm work. The Foundation makes no representations concerning +the copyright status of any work in any country outside the United +States. + +1.E. Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg: + +1.E.1. The following sentence, with active links to, or other immediate +access to, the full Project Gutenberg-tm License must appear prominently +whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg-tm work (any work on which the +phrase "Project Gutenberg" appears, or with which the phrase "Project +Gutenberg" is associated) is accessed, displayed, performed, viewed, +copied or distributed: + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + +1.E.2. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is derived +from the public domain (does not contain a notice indicating that it is +posted with permission of the copyright holder), the work can be copied +and distributed to anyone in the United States without paying any fees +or charges. If you are redistributing or providing access to a work +with the phrase "Project Gutenberg" associated with or appearing on the +work, you must comply either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1 +through 1.E.7 or obtain permission for the use of the work and the +Project Gutenberg-tm trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or +1.E.9. + +1.E.3. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is posted +with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution +must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any additional +terms imposed by the copyright holder. Additional terms will be linked +to the Project Gutenberg-tm License for all works posted with the +permission of the copyright holder found at the beginning of this work. + +1.E.4. Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project Gutenberg-tm +License terms from this work, or any files containing a part of this +work or any other work associated with Project Gutenberg-tm. + +1.E.5. Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this +electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without +prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with +active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project +Gutenberg-tm License. + +1.E.6. You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary, +compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form, including any +word processing or hypertext form. However, if you provide access to or +distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg-tm work in a format other than +"Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other format used in the official version +posted on the official Project Gutenberg-tm web site (www.gutenberg.org), +you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense to the user, provide a +copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means of obtaining a copy upon +request, of the work in its original "Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other +form. Any alternate format must include the full Project Gutenberg-tm +License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1. + +1.E.7. Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying, +performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg-tm works +unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9. + +1.E.8. You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing +access to or distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works provided +that + +- You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from + the use of Project Gutenberg-tm works calculated using the method + you already use to calculate your applicable taxes. The fee is + owed to the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark, but he + has agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to the + Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation. Royalty payments + must be paid within 60 days following each date on which you + prepare (or are legally required to prepare) your periodic tax + returns. Royalty payments should be clearly marked as such and + sent to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation at the + address specified in Section 4, "Information about donations to + the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation." + +- You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who notifies + you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that s/he + does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg-tm + License. You must require such a user to return or + destroy all copies of the works possessed in a physical medium + and discontinue all use of and all access to other copies of + Project Gutenberg-tm works. + +- You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of any + money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in the + electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90 days + of receipt of the work. + +- You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free + distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm works. + +1.E.9. If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic work or group of works on different terms than are set +forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing from +both the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation and Michael +Hart, the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark. Contact the +Foundation as set forth in Section 3 below. + +1.F. + +1.F.1. Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend considerable +effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe and proofread +public domain works in creating the Project Gutenberg-tm +collection. Despite these efforts, Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works, and the medium on which they may be stored, may contain +"Defects," such as, but not limited to, incomplete, inaccurate or +corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other intellectual +property infringement, a defective or damaged disk or other medium, a +computer virus, or computer codes that damage or cannot be read by +your equipment. + +1.F.2. LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Except for the "Right +of Replacement or Refund" described in paragraph 1.F.3, the Project +Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner of the Project +Gutenberg-tm trademark, and any other party distributing a Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic work under this agreement, disclaim all +liability to you for damages, costs and expenses, including legal +fees. YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT +LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE +PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH F3. YOU AGREE THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE +TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE +LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR +INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH +DAMAGE. + +1.F.3. LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you discover a +defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it, you can +receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by sending a +written explanation to the person you received the work from. If you +received the work on a physical medium, you must return the medium with +your written explanation. The person or entity that provided you with +the defective work may elect to provide a replacement copy in lieu of a +refund. If you received the work electronically, the person or entity +providing it to you may choose to give you a second opportunity to +receive the work electronically in lieu of a refund. If the second copy +is also defective, you may demand a refund in writing without further +opportunities to fix the problem. + +1.F.4. Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth +in paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you 'AS-IS' WITH NO OTHER +WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO +WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTIBILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE. + +1.F.5. Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied +warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of damages. +If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement violates the +law of the state applicable to this agreement, the agreement shall be +interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or limitation permitted by +the applicable state law. The invalidity or unenforceability of any +provision of this agreement shall not void the remaining provisions. + +1.F.6. INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the Foundation, the +trademark owner, any agent or employee of the Foundation, anyone +providing copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in accordance +with this agreement, and any volunteers associated with the production, +promotion and distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works, +harmless from all liability, costs and expenses, including legal fees, +that arise directly or indirectly from any of the following which you do +or cause to occur: (a) distribution of this or any Project Gutenberg-tm +work, (b) alteration, modification, or additions or deletions to any +Project Gutenberg-tm work, and (c) any Defect you cause. + + +Section 2. Information about the Mission of Project Gutenberg-tm + +Project Gutenberg-tm is synonymous with the free distribution of +electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of computers +including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers. It exists +because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and donations from +people in all walks of life. + +Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the +assistance they need, is critical to reaching Project Gutenberg-tm's +goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg-tm collection will +remain freely available for generations to come. In 2001, the Project +Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a secure +and permanent future for Project Gutenberg-tm and future generations. +To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation +and how your efforts and donations can help, see Sections 3 and 4 +and the Foundation web page at https://www.pglaf.org. + + +Section 3. Information about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive +Foundation + +The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non profit +501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the +state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal +Revenue Service. The Foundation's EIN or federal tax identification +number is 64-6221541. Its 501(c)(3) letter is posted at +https://pglaf.org/fundraising. Contributions to the Project Gutenberg +Literary Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent +permitted by U.S. federal laws and your state's laws. + +The Foundation's principal office is located at 4557 Melan Dr. S. +Fairbanks, AK, 99712., but its volunteers and employees are scattered +throughout numerous locations. Its business office is located at +809 North 1500 West, Salt Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887, email +business@pglaf.org. Email contact links and up to date contact +information can be found at the Foundation's web site and official +page at https://pglaf.org + +For additional contact information: + Dr. Gregory B. Newby + Chief Executive and Director + gbnewby@pglaf.org + + +Section 4. Information about Donations to the Project Gutenberg +Literary Archive Foundation + +Project Gutenberg-tm depends upon and cannot survive without wide +spread public support and donations to carry out its mission of +increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can be +freely distributed in machine readable form accessible by the widest +array of equipment including outdated equipment. Many small donations +($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax exempt +status with the IRS. + +The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating +charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United +States. Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a +considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and keep up +with these requirements. We do not solicit donations in locations +where we have not received written confirmation of compliance. To +SEND DONATIONS or determine the status of compliance for any +particular state visit https://pglaf.org + +While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where we +have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no prohibition +against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in such states who +approach us with offers to donate. + +International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make +any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from +outside the United States. U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff. + +Please check the Project Gutenberg Web pages for current donation +methods and addresses. Donations are accepted in a number of other +ways including including checks, online payments and credit card +donations. To donate, please visit: https://pglaf.org/donate + + +Section 5. General Information About Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works. + +Professor Michael S. Hart was the originator of the Project Gutenberg-tm +concept of a library of electronic works that could be freely shared +with anyone. For thirty years, he produced and distributed Project +Gutenberg-tm eBooks with only a loose network of volunteer support. + + +Project Gutenberg-tm eBooks are often created from several printed +editions, all of which are confirmed as Public Domain in the U.S. +unless a copyright notice is included. Thus, we do not necessarily +keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper edition. + + +Most people start at our Web site which has the main PG search facility: + + https://www.gutenberg.org + +This Web site includes information about Project Gutenberg-tm, +including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary +Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to +subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks. |