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author: Roger Frank <rfrank@pglaf.org> 2025-10-15 04:41:29 -0700
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+<title>
+      The Project Gutenberg eBook of JAMES FENIMORE COOPER by Mary E. Phillips.
+    </title>
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+<body>
+<div>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 13155 ***</div>
+
+<!-- Page -20 --><a name="Page_-20"></a>
+<h3>
+<a name="001.png"></a>
+<img src="images/001.png" alt="JAMES FENIMORE COOPER" width="347" height="510"></h3>
+<hr class="full">
+
+<!-- Page -19 --><a name="Page_-19"></a>
+<h1>
+JAMES<br>
+FENIMORE COOPER<br>
+<br>
+<i>by</i><br>
+<br>
+MARY E. PHILLIPS
+</h1>
+<hr>
+<h3><img class="noborder" src="images/002.png" alt="LEATHERSTOCKING" width="303" height="431"></h3>
+<hr>
+<h3>
+New York: John Lane Company<br>
+London: John Lane: The Bodley Head<br>
+Toronto: Bell and Cockburn<br>
+MCMXIII<br>
+<br>
+Copyright, 1912<br>
+<br>
+By Mary E. Phillips<br>
+<br>
+The University Press, Cambridge, U.S.A.<br>
+</h3>
+<h3>
+Dedicated To The Young Of<br>
+All Ages From The Years Of Ten<br>
+To Ten Times Ten<br>
+</h3>
+
+<hr class="major">
+<h2>CONTENTS</h2>
+<a href="#PREFACE"><b>PREFACE</b></a><br>
+<a href="#INTRODUCTION"><b>INTRODUCTION</b></a><br>
+<a href="#ILLUSTRATIONS"><b>ILLUSTRATIONS</b></a><br>
+<a href="#JAMES_FENIMORE_COOPER"><b>JAMES FENIMORE COOPER</b></a><br>
+<a href="#INDEX"><b>INDEX</b></a><br>
+<!-- Page -15 --><a name="Page_-15"></a>
+<!-- Page -16 --><a name="Page_-16"></a>
+
+<hr class="major">
+
+<a name="PREFACE"></a><h2>PREFACE</h2>
+
+<p>The intention of this simply told <i>personal</i> life of James Fenimore
+Cooper, the creator of American romance, is to have all material
+<i>authentic</i>. The pictures of men, women, places and things are, as
+nearly as possible, of Cooper's association with them to reproduce a
+background of his time and to make the <i>man</i>&mdash;not the author&mdash;its
+central foreground figure. From every available source since the
+earliest mention of the author's name, both in print and out, material
+for these pages has been collected. In this wide gleaning in the field
+of letters&mdash;a rich harvest from able and brilliant pens&mdash;the gleaner
+hereby expresses grateful appreciation of these transplanted values.
+Much, precious in worth and attractive in interest, comes into these
+pages from the generous and good among the relatives, friends, and
+admirers of Fenimore Cooper. And more than all others, the author's
+grand-nephew, the late Mr. George Pomeroy Keese, of Cooperstown, New<!-- Page -14 --><a name="Page_-14"></a>
+York, has paid rich and rare tribute to the memory of his uncle, with
+whom when a boy he came in living touch. Appeals to Cooper's grandson,
+James Fenimore Cooper, Esq., of Albany, New York, and also to his
+publishers have been met in a spirit so gracious and their giving has
+been so generous as to command the grateful service of the writer.</p>
+
+<p>For rare values, in service and material, special credits are due to Mr.
+George Pomeroy Keese, Cooperstown, N.Y.; James Fenimore Cooper, Esq.,
+Albany, N.Y.; Mr. Francis Whiting Halsey, New York City; Mr. Edwin
+Tenney Stiger, Watertown, Mass.; General James Grant Wilson, New York
+City; Mr. Horace G. Wadlin, Librarian, Messrs. Otto Fleischner,
+Assistant Librarian, O.A. Bierstadt, F.C. Blaisdell, and others, of the
+Boston Public Library; Miss Alice Bailey Keese, Cooperstown, N.Y.; Mrs.
+T. Henry Dewey, Paris, France; Mrs. Edward Emerson Waters, New York
+City; and Miss Mary C. Sheridan, Boston, Mass.</p>
+
+<p>Mary E. Phillips.</p>
+
+
+
+<hr class="major"><!-- Page -13 --><a name="Page_-13"></a>
+<a name="INTRODUCTION"></a><h2>INTRODUCTION</h2>
+
+<p>A life of Cooper, written with some particular reference to the
+picturesque village among the Otsego hills, where he so long lived and
+in whose soil he, for some sixty years or more, has slept, has long been
+needed. That such a book should have become a labor of love in the hands
+of Miss Phillips is not more interesting than it is fortunate that the
+task should have been accomplished so conspicuously well. Miss Phillips
+has borne testimony to the resourcefulness and rare devotion with which
+the late Mr. Keese assisted her in researches extending over many years.
+None knew so well as he the personal side of Cooper's whole life story;
+none so assiduously and so lovingly, during a long life spent in
+Cooperstown, gathered and tried to preserve in their integrity every
+significant and interesting detail of it.</p>
+
+<p>The turning point in Cooper's life was reached when he went to
+Cooperstown, although he was little more than a child in arms. Most
+<!-- Page -12 --><a name="Page_-12"></a>
+curious is it that his going should have resulted from the foreclosure
+of a mortgage. This mortgage had been given in the late Colonial period
+by George Croghan, and covered a vast tract of native forest lands in
+Otsego. In these lands, through the foreclosure, Cooper's father, soon
+after the Revolution, acquired a large interest, which led him to
+abandon his home of ease and refinement in Burlington, New Jersey, and
+found a new, and, as it proved to be, a permanent one in the unpeopled
+wilderness at the foot of Otsego Lake. Except for this accident of
+fortune, Leatherstocking and his companions of the forest never could
+have been created by the pen of Cooper.</p>
+<div style="text-align: right;">
+<img src="images/009.png" alt="Author's signature; Francis W. Italsey" width="222" height="77"></div>
+
+
+<hr class="major">
+<a name="ILLUSTRATIONS"></a><h2><!-- Page -11 --><a name="Page_-11"></a>ILLUSTRATIONS</h2>
+
+<p><a href="#001.png">JAMES FENIMORE COOPER.</a> From Appleton portrait. By permission of owner,
+James Fenimore Cooper, Esq., of Albany, N.Y. <i>Frontispiece</i></p>
+
+<p><a href="#021.png">THE ENGLISH FYNAMORE COUNTRY AND FAMILY ARMS.</a></p>
+
+<p><a href="#022.png">COOPER'S BIRTHPLACE.</a> Burlington, N.J. From a photograph by George W.
+Tichnor</p>
+
+<p><a href="#024.png">THE FENIMORE BOX.</a> (Of light and dark woods, size 12&frac12; X 6&frac34; inches.)
+From photograph by permission of owner, James Fenimore Cooper, Esq.,
+Albany, N.Y.</p>
+
+<p><a href="#025.png">THE SUSQUEHANNA.</a> By W.H. Bartlett</p>
+
+<p><a href="#026.png">CHINGACHGOOK ON COUNCIL ROCK.</a> From a photograph by A.J. Telfer</p>
+
+<p><a href="#027.png">COUNCIL ROCK.</a> From a photograph by A.J. Telfer</p>
+
+<p><a href="#030a.png">THE MANOR.</a> From outline on <i>first</i> map of Cooperstown, 1788-1790. By
+permission of owner, James Fenimore Cooper, Esq.</p>
+
+<p><a href="#030b.png">ORIGINAL OTSEGO HALL.</a> From outline on 1800-1808 map of Cooperstown. By
+permission of owner, James Fenimore Cooper, Esq.</p>
+
+<p><a href="#031.png">JUDGE WILLIAM COOPER.</a> By Gilbert Stuart. By permission of owner, James
+Fenimore Cooper, Esq.</p>
+
+<p><a href="#035.png">GENERAL WILLIAM HENRY HARRISON.</a> From a portrait by Woods, 1812</p>
+
+<p><a href="#036.png">WILLIAM HENRY HARRISON, 1800.</a> From &quot;St. Memim's Gallery of Portraits&quot;</p>
+
+<p><a href="#037.png">TALLEYRAND.</a> From a portrait by F. G&eacute;rard</p>
+
+<p><a href="#040.png">POINT JUDITH.</a> From a photograph by A.J. Telfer</p>
+
+<p><a href="#042.png">&quot;EDGEWATER.&quot;</a> By courtesy of Mr. George Pomeroy Keese</p>
+
+<p><a href="#043.png">MR. AND MRS. GEORGE POMEROY.</a> By the courtesy of Mr. George Pomeroy Keese</p>
+
+<p><a href="#044.png">THE OLD STONE HOUSE.</a> By the courtesy of Mr. George Pomeroy Keese</p>
+
+<p><a href="#047.png">COOPERSTOWN PRIOR TO 1835.</a> From <i>The Family Magazine</i>, 1836-1837</p>
+<!-- Page -10 --><a name="Page_-10"></a>
+<p><a href="#050.png">DR THOMAS ELLISON</a>. By the courtesy of Mr. George Pomeroy Keese</p>
+
+<p><a href="#052a.png">ST. PETER'S CHURCH, ALBANY, N.Y</a>. By the courtesy of Dr. Joseph Hooper, Durham, Conn.</p>
+
+<p><a href="#052b.png">STATE STREET, ALBANY, N.Y., 1802</a>. By the courtesy of Dr. Joseph Hooper</p>
+
+<p><a href="#057.png">&quot;NEAR SHORES&quot; OF NEW HAVEN</a>. From an old print</p>
+
+<p><a href="#058b.png">DR. TIMOTHY DWIGHT</a>. From an old print</p>
+
+<p><a href="#058a.png">YALE COLLEGE, 1806</a>. By the courtesy of Professor John C. Schwab, Ph.D., Librarian, Yale University</p>
+
+<p><a href="#059.png">WILLIAM JAY IN YOUTH</a>. By Vanderlyn. From Bayard Tuckerman's &quot;William
+Jay,&quot; etc. By courtesy of author and publishers, Dodd, Mead &amp; Co., N.Y.</p>
+
+<p><a href="#059.png">JUDGE WILLIAM JAY.</a> From a crayon by Martin. Dodd, Mead &amp; Co., N.Y.</p>
+
+<p><a href="#062.png">SILHOUETTE OF JAMES COOPER WHEN A STUDENT AT YALE</a>. By the courtesy of
+Professor John C. Schwab, Ph.D.</p>
+
+<p><a href="#063.png">OUTWARD BOUND</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a href="#066.png">GIBRALTAR</a>. From &quot;<i>Le Monde Illustr&eacute;</i>&quot;</p>
+
+<p><a href="#070.png">SAILOR'S SNUG HARBOR</a>. From <i>Frank Leslie's Weekly</i>, Vol. I</p>
+
+<p><a href="#072.png">OTSEGO HALL GATES</a>. By courtesy of Mr. George Pomeroy Keese</p>
+
+<p><a href="#074a.png">BUFFALO BURNT.</a> From an old woodcut in Spear's &quot;United States Navy&quot;</p>
+
+<p><a href="#074b.png">THE &quot;VESUVIUS.&quot;</a> From &quot;Life of Fulton,&quot; by J.F. Reigart, 1856</p>
+
+<p><a href="#075.png">ONTARIO FORESTS.</a> By W.H. Bartlett</p>
+
+<p><a href="#077a.png">THE THOUSAND ISLANDS.</a> By W.H. Bartlett</p>
+
+<p><a href="#077b.png">THE PORT OF BUFFALO.</a> From an old print</p>
+
+<p><a href="#079.png">CAPTAIN M.T. WOOLSEY.</a> From Spear's &quot;United States Navy&quot;</p>
+
+<p><a href="#081a.png">THE PATHFINDER.</a> By F.O.C. Darley</p>
+
+<p><a href="#081b.png">A BUBBLE OF A BOAT.</a> By F.O.C. Darley</p>
+
+<p><a href="#083a.png">CAPTAIN LAWRENCE.</a> From a portrait by Chappel</p>
+
+<p><a href="#083b.png">THE &quot;WASP.&quot;</a> From an old print</p>
+
+<p><a href="#086a.png">FRAUNCES TAVERN.</a> By the courtesy of Dr. Joseph Hooper, Durham, Conn</p>
+
+<p><a href="#086b.png">LIEUT. GOV. JAMES DE LANCEY'S SEAL.</a> From Vol. I, M.J. Lamb's &quot;History of
+New York City&quot;</p>
+
+<p><a href="#086c.png">HEATHCOTE ARMS.</a> From an old print</p>
+
+<p><a href="#092a.png">HON. CALEB HEATHCOTE.</a> From print by V. Belch</p>
+
+<p><a href="#092b.png">FRAUNCES TAVERN LONG-ROOM.</a> From &quot;History of New York,&quot; by Mary L. Booth,
+1857</p>
+<!-- Page -9 --><a name="Page_-9"></a>
+<p><a href="#092c.png">BURN'S COFFEE HOUSE.</a> From an old print</p>
+
+<p><a href="#092d.png">HEATHCOTE HILL.</a> By the courtesy of J.W. Clapp, editor <i>Richbell Press</i>,
+Mamaroneck, N.Y.</p>
+
+<p><a href="#092e.png">TANDEM.</a> From a rare old color-print. By the courtesy of George Samuel
+Tucker, Peterboro, N.H.</p>
+
+<p><a href="#092f.png">COOPER'S FENIMORE FARM HOUSE.</a> By the courtesy of Mr. George Pomeroy
+Keese</p>
+
+<p><a href="#096a.png">ELIZABETH FENIMORE COOPER IN THE OLD HALL HOME.</a> By the courtesy of
+Elizabeth Cooper Keese</p>
+
+<p><a href="#096b.png">COOPER'S ANGEVINE FARM HOME.</a> From &quot;Homes of American Authors.&quot; G.L.
+Putnam Sons, 1853</p>
+
+<p><a href="#096c.png">MAMARONECK CREEK SLOOPS.</a> From Bryant's &quot;History of the United States&quot;</p>
+
+<p><a href="#101a.png">JUDGE JOHN JAY.</a> From print of Trumbull portrait</p>
+
+<p><a href="#101b.png">BEDFORD HOUSE.</a> From an old print</p>
+
+<p><a href="#101c.png">BEDFORD HOUSE LIBRARY.</a> From Vol. II, Lamb's &quot;History of New York City&quot;</p>
+
+<p><a href="#102.png">HARVEY BIRCH'S CAVE.</a> By courtesy of Arthur B. Maurice, author of &quot;New
+York in Fiction&quot;</p>
+
+<p><a href="#105.png">THE LOCUSTS OF COOPER'S TIME.</a> From Lossing's &quot;Field-Book of the War of
+1812&quot;</p>
+
+<p><a href="#105.png">THE LOCUSTS OF TO-DAY.</a> By courtesy of the owner, Lawrence Durham, Esq.</p>
+
+<p><a href="#106.png">TITLE-PAGE OF THE FIRST EDITION OF &quot;THE SPY.&quot;</a></p>
+
+<p><a href="#107.png">ENOCH CROSBY.</a> From &quot;History of Westchester County, N.Y.&quot; By Spooner and
+Shenard</p>
+
+<p><a href="#109a.png">LAFAYETTE THEATRE.</a> From <i>New York Mirror</i>, Vol. V.</p>
+
+<p><a href="#109b.png">COOPER'S HEROINES.</a> By courtesy of Rev. Ralph Birdsall and Miss Catherine
+N. Duyckinck</p>
+
+<p><a href="#111.png">WINDHURST'S NOOK, UNDER THE PARK THEATRE.</a> From &quot;History of New York
+City,&quot; by Mary L. Booth, 1859</p>
+
+<p><a href="#114a.png">JAMES FENIMORE COOPER, 1822.</a> From a photograph of the J.W. Jarvis
+portrait. By permission of the owner, James Fenimore Cooper, Esq.,
+Albany, N.Y.</p>
+
+<p><a href="#114b.png">FITZ-GREENE HALLECK.</a> From print of Inman portrait. By permission of
+owner, Gen. James Grant Wilson</p>
+
+<p><a href="#114c.png">JOSEPH RODMAN DRAKE.</a> From &quot;Poems&quot;</p>
+
+<p><a href="#114d.png">CRO' NEST.</a> From &quot;Poems,&quot; by Joseph Rodman Drake</p>
+
+<p><a href="#115a.png">SAMUEL WOODWORTH.</a> From a rare lithograph</p>
+
+<p><a href="#115b.png">THE OLD OAKEN BUCKET.</a> By F.S. Agate</p>
+
+<p><a href="#119a.png">CITY HOTEL AND WASHINGTON HALL.</a> From Vol. II, &quot;History of New York
+City,&quot; by M.J. Lamb, and from &quot;Valentine's Manual&quot;</p>
+<!-- Page -8 --><a name="Page_-8"></a>
+<p><a href="#119b.png">EARLY BROADWAY.</a> Old prints</p>
+
+<p><a href="#119c.png">WILLIAM WORDSWORTH.</a> By B. Whitechurch</p>
+
+<p><a href="#119d.png">COOPER'S NEW YORK CITY HOME IN BEACH STREET.</a> By the courtesy of General
+James Grant Wilson</p>
+
+<p><a href="#119e.png">ST. JOHN'S CHAPEL.</a> From <i>The York Mirror</i></p>
+
+<p><a href="#122.png">OLD LEATHERSTOCKING.</a> From &quot;The Pioneers&quot;</p>
+
+<p><a href="#124.png">NATTY'S CAVE.</a> From an old print</p>
+
+<p><a href="#125.png">GENERAL JAMES CLINTON.</a> From an old print</p>
+
+<p><a href="#126.png">CLINTON DAM.</a> From a photograph by A.J. Telfer</p>
+
+<p><a href="#131a.png">&quot;TALES FOR FIFTEEN, OR IMAGINATION AND HEART.&quot;</a> By permission of the
+owner, James Fenimore Cooper, Esq.</p>
+
+<p><a href="#131b.png">CHARLES WILKES.</a> From portrait by Thos. Sully</p>
+
+<p><a href="#131c.png">JOHN PAUL JONES.</a> From portrait by C.W. Peale</p>
+
+<p><a href="#133.png">LONG TOM COFFIN.</a> F.O.C. Darley</p>
+
+<p><a href="#134.png">BRYANT, WEBSTER AND IRVING.</a> From sketch by Daniel Huntington by the
+courtesy of owner, Mr. Day, Boston</p>
+
+<p><a href="#136.png">THE LANDING OF LAFAYETTE, 1824.</a> From &quot;Complete History of Lafayette,&quot;
+1825 edition</p>
+
+<p><a href="#139a.png">LAFAYETTE.</a> Portrait by Sully</p>
+
+<p><a href="#139b.png">LAFAYETTE'S BRANDYWINE VASE.</a> From an old print</p>
+
+<p><a href="#139c.png">JOB PRAY.</a> By F.O.C. Darley</p>
+
+<p><a href="#139d.png">THE BURNING OF CHARLES TOWN.</a> From an old print</p>
+
+<p><a href="#140a.png">WHIPPLE HOUSE, AT PROVIDENCE, R.I.</a> From an old print</p>
+
+<p><a href="#140b.png">MRS. JAMES MONROE.</a> By the courtesy of General James Grant Wilson</p>
+
+<p><a href="#140c.png">PRESIDENT'S HOUSE, WASHINGTON, D.C., 1825.</a> From an old print</p>
+
+<p><a href="#143a.png">SUNRISE AT SOUTH MOUNTAIN.</a> Drawn by Harry Fenn for D. Appleton and Co.,
+N.Y.</p>
+
+<p><a href="#143b.png">GLENS FALL'S CAVERNS.</a> From &quot;The Hudson,&quot; by Lossing</p>
+
+<p><a href="#143c.png">HONORABLE MR. STANLEY.</a> Portrait by G. Harlow, 1833</p>
+
+<p><a href="#147a.png">GLENS FALL.</a> By W.H. Bartlett</p>
+
+<p><a href="#147b.png">LAKE GEORGE, OR &quot;THE HORICAN.&quot;</a> By W.H. Bartlett</p>
+
+<p><a href="#148.png">THE WAGER SEAL (1 X 1-1/8 inches).</a> By permission of the owner, James
+Fenimore Cooper, Esq.</p>
+
+<p><a href="#149.png">BRYANT.</a> Portrait by Barrett</p>
+
+<p><a href="#152a.png">&quot;NATTY, THE TRAPPER.&quot;</a> By F.O.C. Darley</p>
+
+<p><a href="#152b.png">HENRY CLAY.</a> From a daguerreotype, engraved by Buttre</p>
+
+<p><a href="#152c.png">CHANCELLOR KENT.</a> Portrait by Chappel</p>
+
+<p><a href="#153.png">THE U.S.S. &quot;HUDSON.&quot;.</a> By W.J. Bennett</p>
+
+<p><a href="#159a.png">WHITEHALL WHARF, 1826.</a> From &quot;Valentine's Manual&quot;</p>
+<!-- Page -7 --><a name="Page_-7"></a>
+<p><a href="#159b.png">KEEP OF CARISBROOK.</a> By J. and F. Harwood, London, 1841</p>
+
+<p><a href="#159c.png">HAVRE, BY NIGHT.</a> From &quot;Meyer's Universum&quot;</p>
+
+<p><a href="#159d.png">WINDMILLS OF MONTMARTRE.</a> From an old French print</p>
+
+<p><a href="#159e.png">THE CONVENT ST. MAUR.</a></p>
+
+<p><a href="#159f.png">HOTEL DE JUMI&Egrave;GES.</a> Found, verified and photographed for this Life of
+Cooper by kindness of Mrs. T. Henry Dewey of Paris, France</p>
+
+<p><a href="#164a.png">SIR WALTER SCOTT.</a> Portrait by G.S. Newton, 1824</p>
+
+<p><a href="#164b.png">MISS ANNE SCOTT.</a> Portrait by W. Nicholson</p>
+
+<p><a href="#164c.png">JAMES FENIMORE COOPER.</a> After portrait by Madame de Mirbel, 1830</p>
+
+<p><a href="#165.png">PIERRE JEAN DAVID D'ANGERS.</a> Portrait by D'Aubrey. By courtesy of General
+George T. Cruft</p>
+
+<p><a href="#167.png">JAMES FENIMORE COOPER.</a> From a photograph of the bust by David d'Angers,
+Paris, 1828. By permission of the owner, James Fenimore Cooper, Esq.</p>
+
+<p><a href="#167b.png">MRS. JAMES FENIMORE COOPER.</a> From a photograph of a drawing made at
+Paris, 1890. By permission of James Fenimore Cooper, Esq.</p>
+
+<p><a href="#167c.png">JAMES FENIMORE COOPER.</a> From a photograph of a drawing made at Paris,
+1827. By permission of Mr. George Pomeroy Keese</p>
+
+<p><a href="#173a.png">PROF. GEORGE WASHINGTON GREEN.</a> By special permission of Mr. William Dean
+Howells and Harper &amp; Brothers</p>
+
+<p><a href="#173b.png">P.T. DE B&Eacute;RANGER.</a> From a rare old print</p>
+
+<p><a href="#173c.png">TALLEYRAND.</a> From an old engraving</p>
+
+<p><a href="#174a.png">DUCHESSE DE BERRI.</a> From Soule photograph</p>
+
+<p><a href="#174b.png">CHARLES X of FRANCE.</a> From Soule photograph</p>
+
+<p><a href="#175.png">COOPER'S SUMMER HOME, ST. OUEN, 1827.</a> Found, verified and photographed
+by the kindness of Mrs. T. Henry Dewey, Paris, France</p>
+
+<p><a href="#178.png">COOPER'S ST. OUEN TERRACE STUDY.</a> Found, verified and photographed by the
+kindness of Mrs. T. Henry Dewey, Paris, France</p>
+
+<p><a href="#178b.png">OLD MILL AT NEWPORT.</a> From an old print</p>
+
+<p><a href="#178c.png">THE STRUGGLE.</a> By F.O.C. Darley</p>
+
+<p><a href="#182a.png">THE NEWPORT BOX.</a> By permission of the owner, James Fenimore Cooper, Esq.</p>
+
+<p><a href="#182b.png">JOHN GIBSON LOCKHART.</a> By Pickersgill</p>
+
+<p><a href="#183.png">NATTY'S LAST CALL.</a> From an old print</p>
+
+<p><a href="#186.png">THE PRINCESS BARBARA VASSILIEWNA GALITZIN.</a> From print of portrait by Hein
+Friedr. F&uuml;ger</p>
+
+<p><a href="#187.png">LA GRANGE, COUNTRY HOME OF LAFAYETTE.</a> From an old print</p>
+<!-- Page -6 --><a name="Page_-6"></a>
+<p><a href="#187b.png">LA GRANGE ARCHWAY ENTRANCE.</a> From &quot;Complete History of Lafayette&quot;</p>
+
+<p><a href="#189.png">H&Ocirc;TEL DESSEIN, CALAIS, FRANCE.</a> From a rare old print</p>
+
+<p><a href="#193a.png">CLIFFS OF DOVER.</a> By C. Stanfield</p>
+
+<p><a href="#193b.png">CANTERBURY CATHEDRAL CHOIR.</a> From Soule photograph</p>
+
+<p><a href="#193c.png">GREEN GATE, CANTERBURY.</a> From <i>Port Folio</i>, 1814</p>
+
+<p><a href="#194.png">ST. JAMES PLACE, LONDON.</a> From Thornbury's &quot;Old and New London&quot;</p>
+
+<p><a href="#197a.png">SIR FRANCIS CHANTREY.</a> From <i>European Magazine</i>, 1822</p>
+
+<p><a href="#197b.png">SAMUEL ROGERS.</a> Portrait by Thomas Lawrence</p>
+
+<p><a href="#197c.png">ROGERS' LONDON HOME.</a> From &quot;Bohn's Handbook of London&quot;</p>
+
+<p><a href="#197d.png">ROGERS' BREAKFAST-ROOM.</a> From <i>Illustrated London News</i>, 1857</p>
+
+<p><a href="#202a.png">CHARLES ROBERT LESLIE.</a> From an old print</p>
+
+<p><a href="#202b.png">SIR JAMES MACKINTOSH.</a> Portrait by Thomas Lawrence</p>
+
+<p><a href="#202c.png">HOLLAND HOUSE.</a> By Stockdale</p>
+
+<p><a href="#202d.png">LIBRARY OF HOLLAND HOUSE.</a> By Charles R. Leslie. Used by permission of
+the British Museum. From left to right, portrait of Addison, Lord
+Holland, Lady Holland, Dr. John Allen, Librarian Doggett</p>
+
+<p><a href="#202e.png">GILT CHAMBER OF HOLLAND HOUSE.</a> From lithograph by Richardson</p>
+
+<p><a href="#201.png">ROGERS' SEAT.</a> From Leichenstein's &quot;Holland House&quot;</p>
+
+<p><a href="#202f.png">LORD GREY.</a> From a portrait by Thomas Lawrence</p>
+
+<p><a href="#202g.png">MRS. JOHN GIBSON LOCKHART.</a>g From a portrait by W. Nicholson</p>
+
+<p><a href="#204a.png">JOANNA BAILLIE.</a> From &quot;Life and Works of J. Baillie&quot;</p>
+
+<p><a href="#204b.png">SIR THOMAS LAWRENCE.</a> From the Academy sketch, 1829</p>
+
+<p><a href="#204c.png">HOUSE OF THE GILLMAN'S, HIGHGATE, LONDON.</a> From Hall's &quot;Book of Memories&quot;</p>
+
+<p><a href="#250.png">BOOM KEY AT ROTTERDAM.</a> From an old etching</p>
+
+<p><a href="#208.png">MT. BLANC.</a> By J.M.W. Turner</p>
+
+<p><a href="#210a.png">LA LORRAINE VIEW OF BERNESE ALPS.</a> From Swiss print</p>
+
+<p><a href="#210b.png">NAHL'S MEMORIAL TO MADAME LANGHAN.</a> From <i>European Magazine</i>, 1786</p>
+
+<p><a href="#212a.png">NARRA-MATTAH.</a> By F.O.C. Darley</p>
+
+<p><a href="#212b.png">CONNECTICUT EMIGRANTS.</a> From an old print</p>
+
+<p><a href="#214.png">FALL OF THE STAUBBACH.</a> From an old water color</p>
+
+<p><a href="#216a.png">THE DEVIL'S BRIDGE.</a> By W.H. Bartlett, 1836</p>
+
+<p><a href="#216b.png">FERNEY, VOLTAIRE'S LAKE LEMAN HOME.</a> From <i>European Magazine</i>, 1786</p>
+<!-- Page -5 --><a name="Page_-5"></a>
+<p><a href="#218a.png">THE SIMPLON PASS.</a> By Lory</p>
+
+<p><a href="#218b.png">FLORENCE, ITALY.</a> From an old print</p>
+
+<p><a href="#218c.png">PALAZZO RICASOLI, FLORENCE, ITALY.</a> From special drawing by G. Amightti.
+By courtesy of Signor Agusto Ticci, Florence</p>
+
+<p><a href="#220.png">HORATIO GREENOUGH.</a> From portrait in Boston Athenaeum. By courtesy of Mr.
+Charles K. Bolton, Librarian</p>
+
+<p><a href="#221.png">BUST OF JAMES FENIMORE COOPER.</a> By Horatio Greenough, in Boston Public
+Library. By courtesy of the Librarian, Mr. Horace G. Wadlin, and
+photographed by Arthur Pierce Truette</p>
+
+<p><a href="#224a.png">CHANTING CHERUBS.</a> Detail from Raphael's Madonna del Trono</p>
+
+<p><a href="#224b.png">LEOPOLD II, GRAND DUKE OF TUSCANY.</a> From Ballou's &quot;Pictorial,&quot; Vol. XVII</p>
+
+<p><a href="#224c.png">PITTI PALACE, FLORENCE, 1828.</a> From water color, 1830</p>
+
+<p><a href="#226a.png">COUNT ST. LEU.</a> From <i>&quot;La Jeunesse de Napoleon III&quot;</i> by Stefane-Pol</p>
+
+<p><a href="#226b.png">LETIZIA BOUNAPARTE.</a> From color print by de Delpech</p>
+
+<p><a href="#226c.png">MADAME M&Egrave;RE.</a> From print of drawing by Princess Charlotte, in Vol. XX,
+<i>L'lllustration</i></p>
+
+<p><a href="#228a.png">CHURCH OF ST. ILLARIO AND NARROW LANE.</a> From photograph obtained by Sig.
+Agusto Ticci, Florence, Italy</p>
+
+<p><a href="#228b.png">VILLA, ST. ILLARIO.</a> From special photograph obtained by Mrs. T. Henry
+Dewey, Paris, France</p>
+
+<p><a href="#230a.png">CHARIOT RACES, FLORENCE.</a> From an old print</p>
+
+<p><a href="#230b.png">GENOA.</a> By Vocher</p>
+
+<p><a href="#232.png">LEGHORN.</a> From an old etching</p>
+
+<p><a href="#233.png">NAPLES.</a> From an old water color</p>
+
+<p><a href="#237a.png">CASA TASSO AT SORRENTO.</a> From <i>&quot;Vita di Torquato Tasso</i>&quot; by Angelo
+Solerti</p>
+
+<p><a href="#237b.png">CASA TASSO TERRACE-STUDY.</a> From <i>&quot;Vita di Torquato Tasso</i>,&quot; by Angelo
+Solerti</p>
+
+<p><a href="#239a.png">ST. PETER'S, EXTERIOR, ROME.</a> From an old print</p>
+
+<p><a href="#239b.png">ST. PETER'S, INTERIOR.</a> From an old print</p>
+
+<p><a href="#239c.png">ADAM MICKIEOWICZ.</a> From the &quot;Life of the Poet&quot;</p>
+
+<p><a href="#240a.png">PORTA RIPETTA.</a> From an old etching</p>
+
+<p><a href="#240b.png">ROMAN FORUM.</a> By Sargent</p>
+
+<p><a href="#241.png">PORTA DEL POPOLO.</a> From an old print</p>
+
+<p><a href="#243a.png">FALLS OF MARMORA AT TERNI.</a> From an old print</p>
+
+<p><a href="#243b.png">ANCONA.</a> By S. Prout</p>
+
+<p><a href="#243c.png">LORETO.</a> From an old print</p>
+<!-- Page -4 --><a name="Page_-4"></a>
+
+<p><a href="#245a.png">SCALLA MINELLI, VENICE.</a> From an old print</p>
+
+<p><a href="#245b.png">VENICE.</a> By J.B. Pyne</p>
+
+<p><a href="#249a.png">PIAZZA SAN MARCO.</a> By Chilone</p>
+
+<p><a href="#249b.png">PALACE OF THE DOGE.</a> From an old print</p>
+
+<p><a href="#249c.png">TASSO'S WELL.</a> Special photograph by Marjorie Elizabeth Parks</p>
+
+<p><a href="#250.png">THE BRAVO.</a> By F.O.C. Darley</p>
+
+<p><a href="#252a.png">GLORY OF THE ASSUMPTION.</a> By Titian</p>
+
+<p><a href="#252b.png">ABSOLUTION OF ANTONIO.</a> By F.O.C. Darley</p>
+
+<p><a href="#252c.png">ALT MARKET, DRESDEN.</a> From 1830 print by permission of owner, Mayor of
+Dresden, and courtesy of Herr Rudolf Drescher, Hanau-on-Main, Germany</p>
+
+<p><a href="#254.png">LAFAYETTE'S PARIS HOME, RUE D'ANJOU.</a> From special photograph obtained by
+Mrs. T. Henry Dewey, Paris, France</p>
+
+<p><a href="#255.png">LAFAYETTE'S BED-ROOM.</a> From &quot;Complete History of Lafayette&quot;</p>
+
+<p><a href="#256a.png">LOUIS PHILIPPE.</a> From &quot;<i>Galerie Napol&eacute;on</i>&quot;</p>
+
+<p><a href="#256b.png">GENERAL LAFAYETTE.</a> From lithograph by Delpech</p>
+
+<p><a href="#258.png">QUEEN MARIE AM&Eacute;LIE.</a> From an old print</p>
+
+<p><a href="#260.png">S.F.B. MORSE.</a> From <i>L'Illustration,</i> Vols. XXXI and XXXII</p>
+
+<p><a href="#259.png">N.P. WILLIS.</a> By S. Lawrence</p>
+
+<p><a href="#261a.png">TUILERIES GARDENS.</a> From an old print</p>
+
+<p><a href="#261b.png">TENIER'S WIFE.</a> Portrait by Tenier. From photograph of original by
+permission of the owner, James Fenimore Cooper, Esq.</p>
+
+<p><a href="#264a.png">MRS. JAMES FENIMORE COOPER AND HER SON PAUL.</a> From a photograph of a
+painting done at Paris, 1831. By permission of owner, James Fenimore
+Cooper, Esq.</p>
+
+<p><a href="#264b.png">THE CHILDREN OF MR. AND MRS. JAMES FENIMORE COOPER.</a> From a photograph
+(given by Mr. George Pomeroy Keese) of a drawing made in Paris by Miss
+Susan Cooper. By permission of owner, James Fenimore Cooper, Esq. From
+left to right, Caroline Martha (Mrs. H.F. Phinney), Susan [unreadable]
+Fenimore, Anne Charlotte, Maria Frances [unreadable] Cooper</p>
+
+<p><a href="#266.png">THE ANGELUS.</a> By J.F. Millet</p>
+
+<p><a href="#267.png">EUG&Egrave;NE-JOSEPH VERBOECKHOVEN.</a> From a print</p>
+
+<p>PETER PAUL RUBENS. Portrait by the artist <i>[not captured]</i></p>
+
+<p><a href="#268.png">RUBENS' COLOGNE HOME.</a> From Fairholt's &quot;Homes and Haunts of Artists&quot;</p>
+
+<p><a href="#270.png">CONVENT OF NUNNENWORTH.</a> By Tombleson</p>
+<!-- Page -3 --><a name="Page_-3"></a>
+
+<p><a href="#272.png">WATCH TOWER ON THE RHINE.</a> From <i>The Art Journal</i>, 1880</p>
+
+<p><a href="#275.png">HEIDELBERG AND CASTLE.</a> From 1840 print</p>
+
+<p><a href="#277a.png">VEVAY SHORES OF LAKE LEMAN.</a> From <i>New England Magazine</i></p>
+
+<p><a href="#277b.png">F&Eacute;TE DES VIGNERONS.</a> By courtesy of Mrs. Rufus A. Kingman</p>
+
+<p><a href="#278.png">NOAH'S ARK VEVAY.</a> 1833 By courtesy of Mrs. Rufus A. Kingman</p>
+
+<p><a href="#279.png">HOSPICE ST. BERNARD.</a> By Major Cockburn</p>
+
+<p><a href="#281a.png">BAY OF NAPLES.</a> By James Hakywill</p>
+
+<p><a href="#281b.png">NEW YORK HARBOR.</a> By W.H. Bartlett</p>
+
+<p><a href="#283a.png">COOPER'S OTSEGO HALL HOME.</a> By courtesy of Mr. George Pomeroy Keese</p>
+
+<p><a href="#286.png">COPY OF COOPER'S GARDEN SEAT.</a> From photograph by A.J. Telfer</p>
+
+<p><a href="#283b.png">COOPER'S LIBRARY AT OTSEGO HALL.</a> From drawing by Mr. George Pomeroy
+Keese</p>
+
+<p><a href="#286b.png">JUDGE NELSON.</a> From photograph by A.J. Telfer</p>
+
+<p><a href="#292.png">WILD ROSE POINT OR THREE MILE POINT.</a> From a photograph by the courtesy
+of Mr. George Pomeroy Keese</p>
+
+<p><a href="#293.png">COOPER'S NEW YORK CITY HOME, ST. MARK'S PLACE.</a> From a print by the
+courtesy of owner, General James Grant Wilson</p>
+
+<p><a href="#295a.png">HORACE GREELEY.</a> From a portrait by J.C. Buttre</p>
+
+<p><a href="#295b.png">PARK BENJAMIN.</a> From a portrait by J.C. Buttre</p>
+
+<p><a href="#295c.png">THURLOW WEED.</a> From a portrait by C.B. Hall</p>
+
+<p><a href="#301.png">JAMES FENIMORE COOPER.</a> From a daguerreotype by Brady. By permission of
+owner, James Fenimore Cooper, Esq.</p>
+
+<p><a href="#299.png">COLONEL JOHN TRUMBULL.</a> From portrait by Waldo and Jewett.</p>
+
+<p><a href="#302a.png">CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS.</a> From a Paris print</p>
+
+<p><a href="#302b.png">COLUMBUS' FLEET.</a> From an old print</p>
+
+<p><a href="#304.png">THE GLIMMERGLASS.</a> From photograph by courtesy of Mr. George Pomeroy Keese</p>
+
+<p><a href="#306.png">OTSEGO LAKE.</a> Inset, Leatherstocking Falls and Natty Bumppo's Cave, from
+photographs by A.J. Telfer, Cooperstown, N.Y.</p>
+
+<p><a href="#309a.png">JESSE D. ELLIOTT'S LAKE ERIE MEDAL.</a> From Spear's &quot;History of the United
+States Navy&quot;</p>
+
+<p><a href="#309b.png">MEDAL GIVEN TO JAMES FENIMORE COOPER BY JESSE D. ELLIOTT.</a> From
+photograph by the courtesy of Mr. George Pomeroy Keese</p>
+
+<!-- Page -2 --><a name="Page_-2"></a>
+
+<p><a href="#312.png">ISLAND OF ELBA.</a> From an old print</p>
+
+<p><a href="#313.png">ELBA HOME OF NAPOLEON.</a> From Abbott's &quot;Napoleon&quot;</p>
+
+<p><a href="#314.png">BATTLE OF LAKE ERIE.</a> From painting by W.H. Powell</p>
+
+<p><a href="#314b.png">COOPER'S DIAGRAM OF THE BATTLE OF LAKE ERIE.</a></p>
+
+<p><a href="#316.png">COOPER'S DIAGRAM OF THE BATTLE OF &quot;BON HOMME RICHARD&quot; AND THE &quot;SERAPIS.&quot;</a></p>
+
+<p><a href="#316a.png">BATTLE OF THE &quot;BON HOMME RICHARD&quot; AND THE &quot;SERAPIS.&quot;</a> By J. Rogers</p>
+
+<p><a href="#317.png">STUMP EXTRACTOR.</a> From &quot;The Hudson,&quot; by B.J. Lossing</p>
+
+<p><a href="#318.png">THE CH&Acirc;LET FARM.</a> From photograph by the courtesy of Mr. George Pomeroy
+Keese</p>
+
+<p><a href="#320.png">THE ESCAPE.</a> From &quot;Wyandotte.&quot; By F.O.C. Darley</p>
+
+<p><a href="#322.png">MISS CAROLINE ADRIANCE FOOTE, AGE 13.</a> From a daguerreotype by the
+courtesy of Mr. George Pomeroy Keese</p>
+
+<p><a href="#324.png">MISS ALICE TRUMBULL WORTHINGTON.</a> From a daguerreotype by the courtesy of
+owner, Mrs. Alice Worthington Synnott</p>
+
+<p><a href="#327.png">LIEUT. ALEXANDER SLIDELL MACKENZIE.</a> From Duyckwick's &quot;Cyclopedia of
+American Literature&quot;</p>
+
+<p><a href="#328.png">HELL GATE.</a> From &quot;Pages and Pictures,&quot; by Susan Augusta Cooper</p>
+
+<p><a href="#331.png">NIAGARA FALLS.</a> By W.H. Bartlett</p>
+
+<p><a href="#335.png">JUDGE BAZIL HARRISON OF KALAMAZOO, MICHIGAN.</a> From <i>Hearth and Home</i>, 1870</p>
+
+<p><a href="#338.png">HON. GERRIT SMITH.</a> From an old print</p>
+
+<p><a href="#339.png">WILLIAM BRANDFORD SHUBRICK.</a> From Lossing's &quot;Field-Book of the War of 1812&quot;</p>
+
+<p><a href="#342a.png">CHARLES MATHEWS.</a> From &quot;Memorials of Charles Mathew&quot; by Mrs. Mathews</p>
+
+<p><a href="#342b.png">JAMES H. HACKETT.</a> From &quot;Modern Standard Drama&quot;</p>
+
+<p><a href="#345a.png">STEWART'S MARBLE PALACE.</a> From an old print</p>
+
+<p><a href="#345b.png">MISS SUSAN AUGUSTA COOPER, ABOUT 1850.</a> From a daguerreotype. By
+permission of the owner, James Fenimore Cooper, Esq.</p>
+
+<p><a href="#348.png">OTSEGO LAKE PARTY IN 1840.</a> By J.L. Pease</p>
+
+<p><a href="#349a.png">JOE TOM.</a> From a photograph by the courtesy of Mr. George Pomeroy Keese</p>
+
+<p><a href="#349b.png">NATTY'S CAVE.</a> From an old print</p>
+
+<p><a href="#352.png">OTSEGO HALL&mdash;BACK VIEW.</a> From &quot;Pages and Pictures,&quot; by Susan Augusta
+Cooper</p>
+
+<p><a href="#353.png">JAMES FENIMORE COOPER.</a> From a daguerrotype by Brady. By permission of
+the owner, [unreadable] Cooper, Esq., Albany, N.Y.</p>
+<!-- Page -1 --><a name="Page_-1"></a>
+
+<p><a href="#355.png">THE SWEDISH NIGHTINGALE (JENNY LIND).</a> Portrait by J.W. Orr From Soule photograph</p>
+
+<p><a href="#357.png">JENNY LIND AT CASTLE GARDEN, NEW YORK CITY, 1850.</a> From an old print</p>
+
+<p><a href="#358a.png">DR. JOHN WAKEFIELD FRANCIS.</a> From portrait by J. Goldbruam</p>
+
+<p><a href="#358b.png">DR. FRANCIS' HOME IN NEW YORK CITY.</a> By Richardson</p>
+
+<p><a href="#361.png">CHRIST'S CHURCH, COOPERSTOWN, N.Y.</a> From a photograph by A.J. Telfer</p>
+
+<p><a href="#363.png">FENIMORE COOPER'S SCREEN GIFT.</a> From a print by courtesy of Miss Alice
+Bailey Keese</p>
+
+<p><a href="#364.png">BISHOP WILLIAM HEATHCOTE DE LANCEY.</a> From Scharf's &quot;History of
+Westchester County, NY&quot;</p>
+
+<p><a href="#366.png">DE LANCEY COAT OF ARMS.</a> From &quot;A God-Child of Washington,&quot; by Katherine
+Schuyler Baxter</p>
+
+<p><a href="#368a.png">THE NEW HOME AND THE OLD HOME.</a></p>
+
+<p><a href="#368b.png">INDIAN HUNTER.</a> By J.Q.A. Ward</p>
+
+<p><a href="#370.png">COOPER GROUNDS.</a> From a photograph by A.J. Telfer</p>
+
+<p><a href="#373.png">THE CHILDREN'S TRIBUTE.</a> From a photograph by A.J. Telfer</p>
+
+<p><a href="#375.png">LAKE OTSEGO.</a> From a photograph by A.J. Telfer</p>
+
+<p><a href="#376.png">LEATHERSTOCKING FIGURE OF COOPER MEMORIAL.</a> From a photograph by A.J.
+Telfer</p>
+
+<p><a href="#377.png">LEATHERSTOCKING MONUMENT.</a> By R.E. Launitz, N.A. From a photograph by
+A.J. Telfer</p>
+
+<p><a href="#378.png">GEORGE POMEROY KEESE.</a> From a photograph by permission of Mrs. George
+Pomeroy Keese</p>
+
+<p><a href="#381.png">BERRY POMEROY CASTLE.</a> By courtesy of Mr. George Pomeroy Keese</p>
+
+<p>Acknowledgment is due The F.A. Ringler Company of New York City and
+Messrs. John Andrew and Son of Boston, Mass., for the care and interest
+they have shown in making the cuts used in this volume.</p>
+<hr class="major">
+<!-- Page 0 --><a name="Page_0"></a>
+<a name="021.png"></a>
+<img src="images/021.png" alt="THE ENGLISH FYNAMORE COUNTRY AND FAMILY ARMS." width="356" height="409">
+
+<a name="JAMES_FENIMORE_COOPER"></a>
+<!-- Page 1 --><a name="Page_1"></a>
+<h2>JAMES FENIMORE COOPER</h2>
+<a name="022.png"></a>
+<img src="images/022.png" alt="COOPER'S BIRTHPLACE." width="462" height="285">
+
+<p>&nbsp;</p>
+<p>The light of this world fell on James Fenimore Cooper September 15,
+1789. The founder of American romance was born in a quaint, two-storied
+house of stuccoed brick which now numbers 457 Main St., Burlington, New
+Jersey. It was then &quot;the last house but one as you go into the country&quot;
+and among the best of the town. In a like house next door lived the
+father of the naval hero, Capt. James Lawrence. These two houses opened
+directly on the street and their slanting roofs were shaded by tall
+trees rooted at the curbstones. This outline of Fenimore
+<!-- Page 2 --><a name="Page_2"></a>
+Cooper's
+birthplace is from the text-picture in &quot;Literary Rambles,&quot; by Theodore
+F. Wolfe, M.D., Ph.D. The first of his father's family in this new
+country was James Cooper, who came from Stratford-on-Avon, England, in
+1679. He and his wife were Quakers, and with Quaker thrift bought wide
+tracts of land in New Jersey and Pennsylvania. Seventy-five years after
+James Cooper stepped on American soil his great-grandson William was
+born, December 2, 1754, in Byberry township, Pennsylvania.</p>
+
+<p>On December 12, 1775, at Burlington, New Jersey, William Cooper married
+Elizabeth, daughter of Richard Fenimore, whose family came from
+Oxfordshire of Old England, and, at intervals, held office in her
+provinces. James, the future author and named for his grandfather
+Cooper, was the eleventh of twelve children. About 1807 Cooper, by
+request of his mother, said he would adopt the name of Fenimore as there
+were no men of her family to continue it. The change was delayed by the
+untimely death of Judge Cooper, and also to make less difficult the
+settlement of his large estate. But in 1826 James Cooper applied to the
+legislature for his change of name to
+<!-- Page 3 --><a name="Page_3"></a>
+James Cooper <i>Fenimore</i>. This
+request was not granted, but the change to &quot;James Fenimore Cooper&quot; was
+made. Cooper's comment on this outcome is a graphic record and
+&quot;suggests,&quot; says an authority, that &quot;the legislature would do well to
+assume that a petitioner, in such a case, knew better than they did what
+he wanted.&quot; The hyphen, at first used, was soon dropped. And so it was
+for his mother's sake that he made world-wide his fame by the name of
+James <i>Fenimore</i> Cooper.</p>
+
+<a name="024.png"></a>
+<img src="images/024.png" alt="THE FENIMORE BOX." width="288" height="202">
+
+
+<p>&quot;The Fenimore Box&quot; is an &quot;English measure box, curious, and centuries
+old, brought over by the first of the name.&quot; It descended to Cooper from
+his mother, Elizabeth Fenimore, and is now treasured as a family
+heirloom by his grandson,
+<!-- Page 4 --><a name="Page_4"></a>
+James Fenimore Cooper of Albany, New York.</p>
+
+<p>As the first James Cooper and his wife were Quakers, perchance the same
+Quaker thrift influenced William Cooper to follow the lead of George
+Washington, who, two years before, in order to find out the inland
+waterways of our country, came from the Mohawk Valley to the headwaters
+of the Susquehanna&mdash;this stream which Fenimore Cooper called &quot;the
+crooked river to which the Atlantic herself extended an arm of welcome.&quot;
+</p>
+<a name="025.png"></a>
+<img src="images/025.png" alt="THE SUSQUEHANNA." width="342" height="229">
+<p>
+Lake Otsego&mdash;the &quot;Glimmerglass&quot;&mdash;William Cooper saw first in the autumn
+of 1785. &quot;Mt. Vision&quot; was covered with a forest growth so dense that he
+had to
+<!-- Page 5 --><a name="Page_5"></a>
+&quot;climb a tree in order to get a view of the lake, and while up
+the tree&quot; he saw a deer come down &quot;from the thickets and quietly drink
+of its waters near Otsego Rock.&quot; &quot;Just where the Susquehanna leaves the
+Lake on its long journey to the sea&quot; this famous Council Rock &quot;still
+shows its chin above the water and marks the spot where Deerslayer met
+Chingachgook the Great Serpent of the Delawares.&quot;</p>
+
+<a name="027.png"></a>
+<img src="images/027.png" alt="COUNCIL ROCK." width="462" height="298">
+
+<a name="026.png"></a>
+<img src="images/026.png" alt="CHINGACHGOOK ON THE COUNCIL ROCK." width="470" height="299">
+
+<p>
+Now &quot;its lake margin
+belongs to a grandson of the author, who also bears his name,&quot; is a
+record found in Dr. Wolfe's &quot;Literary Haunts and Homes.&quot; In the red man's
+tongue Otsego means &quot;a place of friendly meeting&quot; of Indian warriors.
+The author of &quot;Deerslayer&quot; has immortalized that
+<!-- Page 6 --><a name="Page_6"></a>
+lake-country in the opening chapter of this book.</p>
+
+<p>Of this visit to his future home and lands William Cooper has written:
+&quot;In 1785 I visited the rough and hilly country of Otsego. I was alone,
+three hundred miles from home, without food of any kind. I caught trout
+in the brook and roasted them in the ashes. My horse fed on the grass
+that grew by the edge of the waters. I laid me down to sleep in my
+watch-coat, nothing but the wilderness about me. In this way I explored
+the country and formed my plans of future settlement. May, 1786, I
+opened a sale of forty thousand acres of land, which in sixteen days
+were all taken up by the poorest order of men.&quot; Here William Cooper laid
+out
+<!-- Page 7 --><a name="Page_7"></a>
+the site of Cooperstown, which, until 1791, when it became the
+county-town, was at times also called &quot;Foot-of-the-Lake.&quot; He built a
+store for his sturdy pioneers, giving credit for their simple needs of
+life, and traded settlement products for them. His tenants put up log
+houses, and paid rent in butter, wheat, corn, oats, maple-sugar, and
+finally in pork;&mdash;so much that rentals known as &quot;pork leases&quot; were sold
+like farms. Money was scarce in those days,&mdash;when one John Miller, and
+his father, coming to the Lakeland's point of the river, felled a pine,
+over which they crossed to the Cooperstown site. Its stump was marked
+with white paint and called the &quot;bridge-tree&quot; by Fenimore Cooper. His
+sister Nancy's grandson, Mr. George Pomeroy Keese, from whom much will
+appear in these pages, has all there is left of that stump.</p>
+
+<a name="030a.png"></a>
+<img src="images/030a.png" alt="THE MANOR.">
+
+<p>In a few years the town's growth gave such promise that William Cooper
+began to build his own home. It was generally known as &quot;The Manor,&quot; but
+the patent of Cooperstown was not according to law a manor. It was
+finished in 1788, when a few streets were laid out and the town's first
+map was made. And October 10, 1790,
+<!-- Page 8 --><a name="Page_8"></a>
+he brought his family and servants,
+some fifteen persons, and their belongings, from Burlington New Jersey,
+to this early pioneer home. Mr. Keese says that &quot;The Manor&quot; was of wood
+with outside boarding, unplaned; that it was two stories high, had two
+wings and a back building added in 1791. It first stood facing Main St.
+and Otsego Lake and directly in front of the later Otsego Hall, now
+marked by the Indian Hunter. In 1799 it was moved down the street, and
+was burned down in 1812. In its time it was the most stately private
+house for miles around.</p>
+<a name="030b.png"></a>
+<img src="images/030b.png" alt="ORIGINAL OTSEGO HALL.">
+
+<p>The second home, Otsego Hall, built in 1798, was
+of bricks which were made at the outlet of the lake. It had seventy feet
+of frontage by fifty-six of depth, and had two stories with attic and
+basement. The main hall measured twenty-four by forty-eight feet and the
+rooms on either side were twenty feet wide. Otsego Hall is said to have
+been of the exact, generous proportions of the Van Rensselaer Manor
+House at Albany, New York, where Judge Cooper was a frequent visitor.
+His own Hall home on Otsego's southern shore ever had &quot;the air and
+capacity of a mansion and a history of hospitality well deserved.&quot;</p>
+<!-- Page 9 --><a name="Page_9"></a>
+<a name="031.png"></a>
+<img align=left src="images/031.png" alt="JUDGE WILLIAM COOPER.">
+<!-- Page 10 --><a name="Page_10"></a>
+<p><!-- Page 11 --><a name="Page_11"></a>
+To a friend William Cooper wrote: &quot;I began life with a small capital
+and a large family, and yet I have already settled more acres than any
+man in America; and I trust no one can justly impute to me any act of
+oppression. Your good sense and knowledge will excuse this seeming
+boast.&quot; He elsewhere said that he owed his success to &quot;a steady mind, a
+sober judgment, fortitude, perseverance, and above all, common sense.&quot;
+And here he lived as a wise and kind landlord among his people. For nine
+years he was First Judge of the County Court of Common Pleas, and he
+served two terms in Congress. Of Judge William Cooper there are three
+portraits,&mdash;Gilbert Stuart's of 1797-98, Trumbull's of 1806, and one by
+an unknown artist. His kindly gray eye, robust figure, and firm
+expression bear out the story of his life as told by these portraits.</p>
+
+<p>James Fenimore Cooper, in a letter to his wife, dated Canajoharie, 1834,
+wrote of his father: &quot;I have been up to the ravine to the old Frey
+house. It recalled my noble-looking, warmhearted, witty father, with his
+deep laugh, sweet voice, and fine, rich eye, as he used to light the way
+with his anecdotes and fun. Old Frey, with
+<!-- Page 12 --><a name="Page_12"></a>
+his little black peepers,
+pipe, hearty laugh, broken English, and warm welcome, was in the
+background. I went to the very spot where one of the old man's slaves
+amused Sam and myself with an imitation of a turkey that no artist has
+ever yet been able to supplant in my memory.&quot; This Heindrick Frey was a
+noted character of the Mohawk Valley over one hundred years ago.</p>
+
+<p>It was, however, to the first home on Otsego's shore that the future
+creator of American romance was brought when a babe some thirteen months
+old. Here, in the heart of the wilderness, his infancy was passed.
+Otsego Hall sheltered his budding boyhood and young manhood. Grace and
+refinement dwelt within the household; without, voices of the forest
+awakened and nurtured his naturally active mind, which later on was not
+less influenced by the mysteries of the sea. The Six Nations were yet a
+power in the Mohawk Valley, then the highway to the land of the setting
+sun beyond. And they are now remembered in the names of the principal
+lakes and streams of the country that once was theirs. The boy was
+face-to-face with the &quot;grim warriors, braves, and chieftains that the
+man, Fenimore Cooper, translated into
+<!-- Page 13 --><a name="Page_13"></a>
+his pages, with a touch true to
+the red man's life,&quot; his instinct in trading, his friendly and hostile
+intent. Here Nature was his first and unforgettable teacher. From &quot;Pages
+and Pictures,&quot; by his daughter, Susan Fenimore Cooper, much will be
+given in this book. Miss Cooper has drawn some pretty pen-pictures of
+her father's child-life. She writes: &quot;From the first bow and arrow, kite
+and ball, to later feats in fishing, riding, shooting, and skating, all
+were connected with his highland home.&quot; He was &quot;healthy and active; a
+brave, blithe-hearted, impetuous, most generous and upright boy.&quot; Of his
+childhood another record is: &quot;A gray-eyed, light-haired, ruddy boy,
+nimble as a deer and gay as a bird; on the lake, plying his oar lustily
+or trimming his sail to the mountain breeze; and whenever he found a
+wave high enough to lift his little boat, his veins would thrill with a
+strange delight, and he would ask himself whether this was like those
+ocean waves of which he had heard such wonders.&quot; The little lad's next
+step in learning was taken under the gentle rule of his elder sister,
+Hannah, who had her schooling in New York City, and afterwards improved
+her leisure by extensive reading. She
+<!-- Page 14 --><a name="Page_14"></a>
+was a model of domestic virtues
+and was greatly beloved, especially by the poor, to whom she was ever an
+angel of mercy. She often went with her father on his official visits to
+the seat of government, and when, in 1800, at the age of twenty-three
+years, she lost her life by a fall from her horse, her early death was
+widely and deeply mourned. Her memory was always cherished with peculiar
+tenderness by her brother James, the special charge of her loving care.</p>
+<p><!-- Page 15 --><a name="Page_15"></a>
+A letter, written by him in 1841 to his old &quot;messmate,&quot; Commodore
+Shubrick, reveals no wane of Cooper's love for and pride in this sister,
+and his letter's &quot;political discovery&quot; reveals that Miss Cooper's
+attractions were as fully appreciated by the eminent of her own country
+as by those of foreign shores. So comes into these pages a youthful,
+slender romance of the later hero of Tippecanoe and still later
+President of the United States.</p>
+<a name="035.png"></a>
+<img  src="images/035.png" alt="GENERAL WILLIAM HENRY HARRISON.">
+
+<div class="blkquot">
+<p>     OTSEGO HALL, COOPERSTOWN, February, 28, 1841.</p>
+
+<p>     I have made a great political discovery lately, which must not go
+     any further than Mrs. Shubrick and Mary. In 1799, when Congress sat
+     in Philadelphia, my father was a member, as was also General
+     Harrison. You know I had a sister killed by a fall from a horse in
+     <!-- Page 16 --><a name="Page_16"></a>1800. This sister passed the Winter in Philadelphia with my
+     father. Miss Anne Cooper [the author's daughter] was lately in
+     Philadelphia, where she met Mr. Thomas Biddle, who asked if our
+     family were not Harrison men. The reason of so singular a question
+     was asked, and Mr. Biddle answered that in 1799 Mr. Harrison was
+     dying with love for Miss Cooper, that he (Mr. Biddle) was his
+     confidant, and that he <i>thinks</i> but does not <i>know</i> that he was
+     refused. If not refused it was because he was not encouraged to
+     propose, so you see I stand on high grounds and am ready to serve
+     you on occasion. Don't let this go any further, however. I confess
+     to think all the better of the General for this discovery, for it
+     shows that he had forty years ago both taste and judgment in a
+     matter in which men so often fail. Mary will open her eyes at this
+     somewhat wider than ever, but she must not open her mouth until she
+     gives her allegiance to him who will know all her thoughts. With
+     best regards</p>
+
+<p>     <i>Yours as ever</i>,</p>
+
+<p>     J. FENIMORE COOPER.</p>
+
+<p>     NOTE.&mdash;Later light on the subject reveals Mr. Harrison's &quot;dying of
+     love&quot; as a hearty admiration and esteem for the rare grace and
+     charm of character, mind, and person possessed by Judge Cooper's
+     young daughter.
+</p></div>
+<a name="036.png"></a>
+<img  src="images/036.png" alt="WILLIAM HENRY HARRISON, 1800.">
+<a name="037.png"></a>
+<img align=right src="images/037.png" alt="TALLEYRAND.">
+
+<p>During 1795 many distinguished exiles came to this new-country home, and
+among those who found their way to Otsego Hall was the Marquis de
+Talleyrand, who was pleased to write an
+<!-- Page 17 --><a name="Page_17"></a>
+acrostic on Miss Cooper, then
+seventeen. The famous Frenchman's record, in part, of this visit was
+&quot;<i>Otsego n'est pas gai</i>.&quot; Compared to the France of Talleyrand's day
+this record was true. The <i>Otsego Herald's</i> motto of that time was</p>
+
+<div class="blkquot"><p>Historic truth our <i>Herald</i> shall proclaim, The Law our guide, the
+     public good our aim.</p></div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 18 --><a name="Page_18"></a>
+In its issue of October 2, 1795, appeared the celebrated diplomat's
+Acrostic.</p>
+
+<div class="poem"><div class="stanza">
+<span>Aimable philosophe au printemps de son &acirc;ge,<br></span>
+<span>Ni les temps, ni les lieus n'alt&egrave;rent son esprit;<br></span>
+<span>Ne c&egrave;dent qu' &agrave; ses go&ucirc;ts simples et son &eacute;talage,<br></span>
+<span>Au milieu des deserts, elle lit, pense, &eacute;crit.<br></span>
+</div><div class="stanza">
+<span>Cultivez, belle Anna, votre go&ucirc;t pour l'&eacute;tude;<br></span>
+<span>On ne saurait ici mieux employer son temps;<br></span>
+<span>Otsego n'est pas gai&mdash;mais, tout est habitude;<br></span>
+<span>Paris vous d&eacute;plairait fort au premier moment;<br></span>
+<span>Et qui jouit de soi dans une solitude,<br></span>
+<span>Rentrant au monde, est sur d'en faire I'ornement.<br></span>
+</div></div>
+
+<p>In affectionate remembrance of Miss Cooper the hill just northwest of
+Cooperstown was named for her, and &quot;Hannah's Hill&quot; commands one of the
+town's finest views. In the quiet shades of Christ's Church yard &quot;belle
+Anna&quot; rests beneath a slab bearing some lines by her father, but not her
+name.</p>
+
+<p>The August before this sad event Judge Cooper gave the first of the many
+&quot;lake parties&quot; that floated over Otsego&mdash;&quot;which no waters can rival.&quot; In
+the fairness of her youth Miss Hannah was there with her little sister,
+later Mrs. Pomeroy; and also, among the
+<!-- Page 19 --><a name="Page_19"></a>
+gay &quot;five and twenty friends
+from Philadelphia,&quot; were their brothers. Indian canoes and flat-bottomed
+skiffs conveyed them to the eastern shore, where, at Two-Mile Point, a
+frightened fawn, startled from its forest home by the dogs of Shipman
+the hunter,&mdash;who later outlined &quot;Leatherstocking,&quot;&mdash;darted from the
+leafy thicket and plunged into the lake. At once all were in motion to
+rescue the little creature now swimming for life. It was successfully
+brought to land and became a great pet with Judge Cooper's children; but
+one day, frightened by strange, fierce dogs, it bounded into the forest
+depths for refuge, and never returned.</p>
+
+<a name="040.png"></a>
+<img src="images/040.png" alt="POINT JUDITH.">
+
+<p>The centennial anniversary of this first picnic was celebrated by the
+third and fourth generation of Judge Cooper's descendants, who met at
+Point Judith to honor the occasion. Of the verses written by Mr. George
+Pomeroy Keese concerning this event two are:</p>
+
+And one hundred years have come and gone<br>
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Since our country then was new,</span><br>
+And now we keep in memory dear<br>
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Our love for the good and true.</span><br>
+To one who came to his forest home<br><!-- Page 20 --><a name="Page_20"></a>
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">And gave to our village its name;</span><br>
+To the son, the touch of whose magic pen<br>
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Has lifted to world-wide fame.</span><br>
+
+<p>In this summer of 1800 Richard, Judge Cooper's eldest son, built his
+house of frame on &quot;Apple Hill.&quot; It was the second villa-like home in the
+village. Its site, now known as &quot;Fernleigh,&quot; is the country-seat of
+Stephen Clark, Esq. &quot;Edgewater,&quot; overlooking Lake Otsego, is the land
+that, after Judge Cooper's death in 1809, fell to his son Isaac. Here,
+the following year, Isaac Cooper built his home of brick. Later, it
+changed in form, use, and
+<!-- Page 21 --><a name="Page_21"></a>
+ownership, but again became a family
+possession through the marriage of Mr. Theodore Keese with the daughter
+of George Pomeroy and Ann Cooper. Renewing in all ways the charm and
+grace of its early days, &quot;Edgewater,&quot; as the home of Mr. George Pomeroy
+Keese, the grandson of Fenimore Cooper's youngest sister Ann, commands
+at the foot of the lake its length, breadth, beauty, and inspiration.</p>
+
+<a name="042.png"></a>
+<img src="images/042.png" alt="&quot;EDGEWATER.&quot;">
+
+<p>The old stone house, known as the &quot;Deacon Pomeroy's place,&quot; that stood
+at the corner of Main and River streets, gives&mdash;in a quaint gable&mdash;an
+enduring record of romance in this sister
+<!-- Page 22 --><a name="Page_22"></a>
+Ann's young-life.</p>
+
+<a name="044.png"></a>
+<img src="images/044.png" alt="THE OLD STONE HOUSE.">
+
+<p>It was
+built of stone in the peculiar herring-bone style by Judge William
+Cooper for a wedding gift to his only living daughter, Ann, when she
+married George Pomeroy, grandson of Gen. Seth Pomeroy and lineal
+descendant of that Sir Ralph de Pomeroy who came to England with William
+the Conqueror. In this quaint gable appear the intertwined letters G.A.
+P.C.&mdash;the initials of the bridegroom and bride,&mdash;with the date 1804
+beneath.</p>
+
+<a name="043.png"></a>
+<img src="images/043.png" alt="MR. AND MRS. GEORGE POMEROY.">
+
+<p>The Cooper room of this old stone house, now the home of Mrs. Benedict,
+a granddaughter, shelters family portraits from William Cooper's time
+down to the present day&mdash;five generations. What stories might it not
+tell of the attractive originals? Many were the letters that Fenimore
+<!-- Page 23 --><a name="Page_23"></a>
+Cooper wrote from Europe to this sister, Mrs. George Pomeroy, of the
+old stone house.</p>
+
+<p>Mrs. Benedict has also placed there many souvenirs of her sister,
+Constance Fenimore Woolson, gathered during-her long residence in
+Europe, including the author's writing-table and her chair.</p>
+
+<p>&quot;Master Oliver Cory kept the village school&quot; in those child-days of
+Fenimore Cooper, and long after. &quot;He was well qualified for that post;
+laborious, upright, firm, yet patient and <!-- Page 24 --><a name="Page_24"></a>
+kindly by nature. His
+training of the boys was excellent. Saturdays were given to religious
+lessons, and he paid careful but quiet attention to their morals and
+manners.&quot; From his sister Hannah's teaching Judge Cooper's youngest son
+went to Master Cory's school. It was kept in &quot;one of those tasteless
+buildings that afflict all new countries,&quot; and here was called the
+&quot;Academy.&quot; It served Cooperstown in timely ways for religious and
+political meetings; public courts were held here, and a ball was given
+now and then under its roof. As to the school, time and incident brought
+out a taste for music in the pupils of Master Cory. It seems that Judge
+Cooper had brought from Philadelphia a large upright organ of imposing
+appearance and power, which he placed in his manor-house hall. Its
+arrival in the village made a summer's sensation. When put up and
+adjusted, a rehearsal of country dances, reels, and more serious music
+came floating through the broad door and ample windows of Otsego Hall
+into Master Cory's domain, the Academy, which stood in the adjoining
+street. As, with magic effect the strains of &quot;Hail Columbia&quot; poured into
+the schoolroom, Master Cory skilfully met a moment of
+<!-- Page 25 --><a name="Page_25"></a>
+<!-- Page 26 --><a name="Page_26"></a>
+open rebellion
+with these words: &quot;Boys, that organ is a remarkable instrument. You
+never heard the like of it before. I give you half an hour's
+intermission. Go into the street and listen to the music!&quot;</p>
+
+<a name="047.png"></a>
+<img src="images/047.png" alt="COOPERSTOWN PRIOR TO 1835.">
+
+<p>These &quot;Academy boys&quot; were ambitious; each annual exhibition was crowded,
+to listen to the speeches &quot;of Coriolanus, Iago, Brutus, and Cassius&quot; by
+&quot;raw lads from the village and adjoining farms,&quot; in all the bravery of
+local militia uniform&mdash;blue coats &quot;faced with red, matross swords, and
+hats of '76.&quot; On such an occasion James Cooper, then a child of eight
+years, became the pride and admiration of Master Cory for his moving
+recitation of the &quot;Beggar's Petition&quot;&mdash;acting the part of an old man
+wrapped in a faded cloak and leaning over his staff. It is recorded that
+James had the fine, healthy pie-appetite usual to his age, for, says the
+record, when his eldest brother &quot;was showing the sights of New York to
+the youngest, he took him to a pasty-shop, and, after watching the boy
+eat pasty after pasty, said to him: 'Jim, eat all you want, but remember
+that each one costs the old man a lot.'&quot; Pasty then outbalanced property
+for &quot;Jim.&quot;</p>
+
+<p><!-- Page 27 --><a name="Page_27"></a>
+In due time the lad outgrew the Academy's instruction, but from boy
+to-man he never outgrew Master Cory's affection, nor his own for the
+dear home scenes on the shores of the &quot;Haunted Lake,&quot; which he was so
+soon to leave for his first important schooling. The books he wrote
+later tell how he never forgot the howl of the wolf across the icy field
+of Otsego on cold winter nights, the peculiar wail of the sharp-toothed
+panther in the quiet wood roads, nor the familiar springs where the deer
+lingered latest. One autumn day, while still a pupil under Master Cory's
+charge, the future author of &quot;The Pioneers&quot; was at play in his father's
+garden, when suddenly he was surprised by a deer which came leaping over
+the fence from the street, almost brushing his face as it bounded away
+into the pine woods at the back of the house. This incident he often
+related to his children.</p>
+
+<p>It was not long before this youngest son was sent from home. The
+eventful journey to Albany was made in the care of a near and worthy
+farmer, &quot;who was carrying toward the Hudson a load of wheat from the
+fields of Otsego.&quot; They went over the fine turnpike,&mdash;the great highway
+of that day,&mdash;&quot;just finished
+<!-- Page 28 --><a name="Page_28"></a>
+from the Hudson to Cherry Valley.&quot; The
+child had heard much of this wonder of roads from the gentlemen at his
+father's table who were interested in it, and he was eager to see its
+toll-gates and stone bridges. After leaving &quot;the corduroy tracks&quot;
+leading to it from Cooperstown, the famous turnpike burst upon the
+gratified schoolboy's vision. As they trotted slowly along the farmer
+pointed out, among-other marvels of the way, &quot;a tavern for every mile&quot;
+of the sixty between Albany and Lake Otsego. A long-train of farmers'
+wagons, filled with the precious wheat, was slowly rolling eastward,
+passing-emigrant wagons of &quot;growing families&quot; and household gear moving
+westward to the great lake countries. All this delighted the boy of
+nine, who was finally set down at the door of St. Peter's Rectory at
+Albany, New York.</p>
+
+<a name="050.png"></a>
+<img align=left src="images/050.png" alt="DR. THOMAS ELLISON.">
+
+<p>Here for four years he became one of the four young
+pupils of the Rev. Thomas Ellison, rector of the church. Dr. Ellison was
+an Englishman and a graduate of Oxford&mdash;a rare scholar and a king's man.
+From him came Cooper's strong preference for English church government
+and equally strong feeling against the Puritans of Old and New England.
+While the Puritan's
+<!-- Page 29 --><a name="Page_29"></a>
+character was not pleasing to Cooper, he himself
+was called a &quot;Puritan of Puritans,&quot; and it was to them he referred in
+the following: &quot;Whatever else I may think of the Yankees,&mdash;a calmer,
+firmer, braver people do not walk this earth.&quot; Of this sentiment &quot;The
+Wept of Wish-ton-Wish,&quot; published in 1829, gives ample proof.</p>
+
+<p>The Rev. Joseph Hooper, author of the &quot;History of St. Peter's Church,
+Albany, N.Y.,&quot; related an incident of Cooper's old Rectory school days
+there. The story came to Dr. Hooper from Mr. Edward Floyd de Lancy, son
+of Bishop de Lancy of Western New York, and is as follows:</p>
+
+<p><!-- Page 30 --><a name="Page_30"></a>
+It was the custom of the Rev. Thomas Ellison when he became too feeble
+to personally direct his workmen, to sit upon the stoop of the Rectory
+and watch the removal of the sandbank which covered the chosen site for
+the new church, corner of State and Lodge streets. Hundreds of loads had
+to be carted away before the foundation could be laid, and some of the
+carter's pay tickets on quartered playing-cards are preserved in St.
+Peter's archives. But the great hole in the ground had a great
+attraction for the boys of Albany, and they would leap into it to play
+tag and leap-frog until the stern voice of the Dominie called them to
+order, when they
+<a name="052a.png"></a>
+<img align=right src="images/052a.png" alt="ST. PETER'S CHURCH, ALBANY, N.Y.">
+<!-- Page 31 --><a name="Page_31"></a>
+would scamper away or hide in some corner out of sight
+of the piercing eyes of Dr. Ellison. Sometimes they would answer him
+mockingly, to his great annoyance. He could not pursue them, but he
+could, when his own pupils joined with the other boys, as they often
+did, give them stern and severe lectures upon their conduct, for they
+were playing on ground to be used for a sacred purpose. Even the rod of
+correction was used without curing them of this habit. Young Cooper was
+often a ringleader, and their pranks would often continue until darkness
+concealed them from the watchful and angry Rector, to whom,
+nevertheless, they gave due honor and respect.
+</p>
+
+<p><a name="052b.png"></a>
+<img src="images/052b.png" alt="STATE STREET, ALBANY, N Y, 1802.">
+</p>
+
+<p><!-- Page 32 --><a name="Page_32"></a>
+From one of his &quot;Sketches of England,&quot; written to William, Judge John
+Jay's second son, comes, in part, Cooper's graphic description of Dr.
+Ellison: &quot;Thirty-six years ago you and I were school fellows and
+classmates in the home of a clergyman of the true English school. This
+man entertained a most profound reverence for the King and the nobility;
+was not backward in expressing his contempt for all classes of
+dissenters and all ungentlemanly sects; was particularly severe on the
+immoralities of the French Revolution, and, though eating our bread, was
+not especially lenient to our own; compelled you and me to begin Virgil
+with the eclogues, and Cicero with the knotty phrases that open the
+oration in favor of the poet Archias, because these writers would not
+have placed them first in the books if they did not intend people to
+read them first; spent his money freely and sometimes that of other
+people; was particularly tenacious of the ritual and of all decencies of
+the Church; detested a democrat as he did the devil; cracked his jokes
+daily about Mr. Jefferson, never failing to place his libertinism in
+strong relief against the approved morals of George III., of several
+passages in whose history it is charitable to suppose he was ignorant;
+prayed fervently on
+<!-- Page 33 --><a name="Page_33"></a>
+Sunday; decried all morals, institutions, churches,
+manners but those of England from Monday to Saturday.&quot;</p>
+
+<p>The lad from Otsego soon became a prime favorite with his tutor, who
+took pleasure in teaching him. The old-fashioned, heroic romances were a
+rare delight to him,&mdash;a taste which was thought to come from his mother,
+who was very fond of such reading. One vacation, at about the age of
+eleven, he and a playmate lost themselves in the exciting interest of
+such a tale; &quot;Don Belianus of Greece&quot; made so deep an impression on
+Cooper that after reading it he said seriously to his playfellow that he
+would write a book himself, and would &quot;begin it at once.&quot; And, like &quot;Don
+Belianus of Greece,&quot; this story was to have &quot;knights, and squires, and
+horses, and ladies, and castles and banners.&quot; With the glory of his
+story in mind, the boy had utterly forgotten his hearty dislike of
+pen-work at school. But his active brain soon put to flight this
+hobgoblin; he thought of the bit of a blue newspaper&mdash;the <i>Otsego
+Herald</i>&mdash;printed in Cooperstown by the father of his comrade. So they
+planned to use the resting-time of the press for the printing of this
+new
+<!-- Page 34 --><a name="Page_34"></a>
+book, of which, however, only a few chapters were put in type. The
+new author soon wearied of his work; but none the less it was the first
+step in his future literary career.</p>
+
+<p>During 1801 a man near fifty, cleanly clad in sailor's gear but without
+stockings or neckcloth, appeared before Judge Cooper and asked if the
+lot between Fenimore and the village was for sale. The answer was, &quot;Yes,
+but the price is high,&quot; and naming it, the stranger requested that a
+deed be made out at once; he counted down the amount in gold, and gave
+his name as Esaias Hausman. He had built for himself a small rude house
+on this lot and lived alone in it for years. The secrets of his former
+life, his wide learning (once found teaching a college president
+Hebrew), and disappearance at times, were never solved. Only his death
+revealed a purse of gold worn between his shoulder-blades. There was no
+will, so to public sale went the little hut and its lake-shore lot. This
+man of mystery made a deep impression on Cooper's boy-mind, and later,
+in 1838, was the subject of several pages of the author's &quot;Chronicles of
+Cooperstown.&quot; Then there was James Allen,&mdash;a Scotch master-mason,&mdash;who
+came his way
+<!-- Page 35 --><a name="Page_35"></a>
+from the &quot;Land o' Cakes&quot; in 1801, and found, as an
+employee of Judge Cooper, an opening for his trade, and soon became a
+great favorite with the Cooper boys. This master-mason took great pride
+in exact work, with which no trifling was permitted. No stone could be
+moved but his true eye would detect it in a flash, and wild was the fury
+with which his fiery trowel flew for the culprit, and with such
+convincing force that it was wise to avoid further meddling with the
+&quot;gude mon's&quot; work. Of &quot;Jamie Allen,&quot; master-mason and staunch <i>auld
+kirke mon</i>, many an amusing story is told in Fenimore Cooper's
+&quot;Wyandott&eacute;, or the Hutted Knoll,&quot; written in 1843. These men among
+others marked the unusual in Cooper's vacations from Dr. Ellison's
+school-rule at Albany. Later in life he wrote a lively memory-sketch of
+his tutor, the rector of St. Peter's Church. But the death in 1802 of
+this accomplished gentleman sent his pupil&mdash;then a stripling of
+thirteen&mdash;to Yale. He entered the freshman 1802-3 January-term class,
+and, &quot;excepting the poet Hillhouse, two weeks his junior, James Cooper
+was the youngest student in college.&quot; There &quot;his progress in his studies
+is said to have been honorable to his
+<!-- Page 36 --><a name="Page_36"></a>
+talents.&quot; And &quot;in the ancient
+languages he had no superior in his class.&quot;</p>
+
+<p><a name="057.png"></a>
+<img src="images/057.png" alt="&quot;NEAR SHORES&quot; OF NEW HAVEN.">
+</p>
+
+<p>Cooper owned to having learned little at college. When left to his own
+bent, his early love for out-of-door life drew him to roam the hills and
+explore near shores, and to his first view of the grand old ocean, which
+later claimed his tribute of service. For a boyish frolic in his junior
+year the lad left Yale, and this incident ended his college career. It
+is of record that Judge Cooper took the boy's part against the faculty
+version and brought his son home. Yet something from his books James
+Cooper must have gleaned, for there is a story of a young sailor who, in
+some public place in the streets of an English port, attracted the
+curiosity of the crowd by explaining to his companions the meaning of a
+Latin motto.</p>
+<!-- Page 37 --><a name="Page_37"></a>
+<p><a name="058a.png"></a>
+<img src="images/058a.png" alt="YALE COLLEGE, 1806.">
+</p>
+<p><a name="058b.png"></a>
+<img src="images/058b.png" alt="DR. TIMOTHY DWIGHT.">
+</p>
+<!-- Page 38 --><a name="Page_38"></a>
+
+<p>The Albany, school-boy days of William Jay and James Cooper were renewed
+at Yale where was welded their strong life-friendship. On the college
+roll of their time appear amongst other names that of John C. Calhoun of
+South Carolina, and the scholarly poet Hillhouse of New Haven. In the
+Dodd, Mead &amp; Company's 1892 issue of &quot;William Jay and the Constitutional
+Movement for the Abolition of Slavery,&quot; by Bayard Tuckerman, with a
+preface, by John Jay, appears a letter dating 1852, written by Judge
+William Jay to his
+<!-- Page 39 --><a name="Page_39"></a>
+<!-- Page 40 --><a name="Page_40"></a>
+grandson. This letter gives graphic glimpses of
+Yale College life during the student days there of its writer and James
+Cooper: &quot;The resident graduates were denominated 'Sirs'; their place in
+Chapel was called 'the Sirs pew'; and when spoken of in college 'Sir'
+was always placed before their names. At that time the freshmen
+occupied, in part, the place of sizers in the English universities, and
+they were required to run errands for the seniors. My room-mate was Sir
+Holly (Dr. Horace Holly).
+<a name="062.png"></a>
+<img align=right src="images/062.png" alt="SILHOUETTE OF JAMES COOPER WHEN A STUDENT AT YALE.">
+ As a mere freshman, I looked up to my
+room-mate with great respect, and treated him accordingly. About half
+past five in winter, the bell summoned us from our beds,&mdash;I rose,
+generally, before six,&mdash;made the fire, and then went, pitcher in hand,
+often wading through snow, for water for Sir Holly and myself. Of the
+college bell,&quot; the letter continues: &quot;at six it called us to prayers in
+the chapel. We next repaired to the recitation-rooms and recited, by
+candlelight, the lessons we had studied the preceding evening. At eight
+we had breakfast,&mdash;our meals were taken in a large hall with a kitchen
+opening into it. The students were arranged at tables according to their
+classes. All sat on wooden benches, not excepting the tutors; the
+<!-- Page 41 --><a name="Page_41"></a>
+latter had a table to themselves on an elevated platform whence they
+had a view of the whole company. But it was rather difficult for them to
+attend to their plates and to watch two hundred boys at the same time.
+Salt beef once a day, and dry cod were perhaps the most usual dishes. On
+Sunday mornings, during the winter, our breakfast-tables were graced
+with large tin milk-cans filled with stewed oysters; at the proper
+season we were occasionally treated with green peas. As you may suppose,
+a goodly number of waiters were needed in the hall. These were all
+students, and many of them among the best and most esteemed scholars. At
+nine the bell warned us to our rooms. At twelve it called us to a
+recitation or a lecture. After dinner we recommenced our studies for the
+third time, at four o'clock. During study hours the tutors would
+frequently go the rounds, looking into our rooms to see that we were not
+playing truant. Before supper, we all attended prayers in the chapel.&quot;
+</p>
+<p><a name="059.png"></a>
+<img src="images/059.png" alt="WILLIAM JAY IN YOUTH.">
+</p>
+
+<p>Although, from the necessity of his times, Chief-Justice John Jay was a
+slave owner, his son, William&mdash;refined, benevolent, pleasing in manner,
+but with a temper easily aroused by injustice&mdash;became an early, alert,
+and strong advocate
+<!-- Page 42 --><a name="Page_42"></a>
+of the anti-slavery cause. This eminent jurist who
+built his life upon the plan of his words, &quot;Duties are ours and
+consequences are God's&quot; (as did also Cooper), was graphically addressed
+and described by Cooper as &quot;Thou most pugnacious man of peace.&quot;
+</p>
+
+<p>Leaving Yale to the more studious, no doubt the young man enjoyed this
+brief period of home-life and the distinguished guests drawn by its
+hospitality to Otsego Hall. Yet even this could not for long hold him
+there. Perhaps he was influenced by what he heard from them of the great
+outside world, and he, too, wished to see what it was like. As a
+stepping-stone to a commission in the navy, Judge Cooper secured a berth
+for his son, who shipped as a sailor
+<!-- Page 43 --><a name="Page_43"></a>
+before-the-mast in the <i>Stirling</i>,
+of Wiscasset, Maine, John Johnston master and part owner. In the care of
+a merchant, young Cooper went down to the docks to look about the ship
+and sign the articles, and the next day he returned in his sailor's
+garb. The <i>Stirling</i> was taken into the stream, and his new comrades, a
+mixture of nations,&mdash;four Americans, a Portuguese, a Spaniard, a
+Prussian, a Dane, an Englishman, a Scotch boy, and a Canadian,&mdash;tumbled
+aboard, not quite themselves; but by night they were in working trim.
+The young commander was described as &quot;kind and considerate of all
+hands,&quot; and the ship as &quot;carrying a motley crew.&quot; When &quot;all hands&quot; were
+called to get the <i>Stirling</i> under way, Cooper, with another boy, was
+sent aloft to loose the foretopsail. With eager will he tugged stoutly
+at &quot;the robbins,&quot; when the second mate appeared just in time to prevent
+him from dropping his part of the sail into the top. The good-hearted
+mate had a kindly mind for the &quot;new hand,&quot; and the men were too busy to
+notice small failures aloft. Young Cooper soon found an old salt who
+taught him to knot and splice with the best of them, and old Barnstable
+was repaid for these lessons by the merry times
+<!-- Page 44 --><a name="Page_44"></a>
+they had together when
+they got ashore.<br>
+<a name="063.png"></a>
+<img src="images/063.png" alt="OUTWARD BOUND.">
+<br>
+However, with her cargo of flour, the <i>Stirling</i> sailed
+from New York in the autumn of 1806 for the English market at Cowes, and
+therefore when Cooper should have been taking his class degree at Yale,
+he was outward bound on the sea's highway. Being to the manor born did
+not admit the sailor before-the-mast to the captain's cabin, but no
+doubt the long, rough voyage of forty stormy days did make of the young
+man a jolly tar. Through her usual veil of fog came Cooper's first view
+of Old England when threatened with Napoleon's invasion. Forty-odd sail
+of warships were sighted by the night-watch when the <i>Stirling</i> passed
+the straits of Dover at daybreak. They gave the young man an
+object-lesson that he never forgot, in the watchfulness and naval power
+of Great Britain. The <i>Stirling</i> had but dropped anchor in English
+waters when she was boarded by a British man-of-war's boat-crew, and one
+of her best hands was forced into the English navy service, and another
+sailor barely escaped, he having satisfactory papers. At London a third
+hand was lost, and Captain Johnston himself was seized by a press-gang.</p>
+<!-- Page 45 --><a name="Page_45"></a>
+
+<p>Finally, in round-jacket and tarpaulin, the future guest of Samuel
+Rogers and Holland House, planted his feet on British soil. At London he
+saw about everything a gay young fellow of seventeen in sailor's gear
+could, of that wonderful city,&mdash;or so thought Ned Myers, one of his
+shipmates, who was with him most of the time. Concerning these jaunts
+Myers says: &quot;I had one or two cruises of a Sunday in the tow of Cooper,
+who soon became a branch pilot in those waters about the parks and the
+West End, the Monument, St. Paul's and the lions; Cooper took a look at
+the arsenal, jewels, and armory [Tower of London]. He had a rum time of
+it in his sailor's rig; hoisted in a wonderful lot of gibberish.&quot; And
+with his fine stories of each day's sights in old London town, the young
+sailor would make merry evenings for his forecastle
+<!-- Page 46 --><a name="Page_46"></a>
+comrades, of whom
+it is recorded his strength could lay flat on their backs in two
+minutes.</p>
+<p><a name="066.png"></a>
+<img src="images/066.png" alt="GIBRALTAR.">
+</p>
+
+<p>In January the <i>Stirling</i> spread her sails for another stormy
+passage,&mdash;to the straits of Gibraltar. On running out, the ship was
+boarded by a gun-boat officer, who tried to press a Swede; whereupon,
+young Cooper thinking it an insult to our flag, began high words with
+the Englishman, but was soon silenced by Captain Johnston. The
+<i>Stirling</i> met with various stirring adventures, being chased by a
+Bay-of-Biscay pirate and rescued by the timely appearance of a British
+cruiser. It was thick westerly weather when they ran into the straits,
+and as the English fleet was off Cape Trafalgar, Captain Johnston
+realized the danger of being run down in the night, and came on deck
+during the middle watch for a sharp lookout on the forecastle. Night
+orders were given when came the warning, &quot;Sail ho!&quot; and through the
+mists and shadows was seen dimly a two-decker bearing directly clown
+upon them. The Captain ordered the helm &quot;hard up!&quot; and called Cooper to
+&quot;bring a light.&quot; With a leap he rushed to the cabin, seized the light,
+and in half a minute it was swinging from the mizzen rigging, his
+promptness saving the
+<!-- Page 47 --><a name="Page_47"></a>
+ship. So near were the two vessels that the deck
+officer's voice was distinctly heard calling his quarter-master to &quot;port
+the helm.&quot; As the great mass swept by them she seemed about to crush
+their railing with the muzzle of her guns.</p>
+
+<p>While the <i>Stirling</i> was lying off the old Moorish town of Almaria,
+Cooper and others were sent ashore in a jolly-boat to boil pitch. To
+return to the ship they put off in a heavy sea, knowing it would be
+difficult to work through the surf; but orders were orders, and delay
+would not help. So off they plunged, when suddenly a breaker &quot;took the
+bow of the boat, and lifting her almost on end, turned her keel
+uppermost.&quot; All hands got safely ashore&mdash;how, none could tell. A second
+launching resulted as the first, but with a third they succeeded in
+forging their way out, and boarded the ship. Later they ran short of
+provisions. But the <i>Stirling's</i> return cargo was brought back safely to
+London, where the ship lay at anchor for two months or more, and then
+sailed in July for America. After a voyage of fifty-two days she dropped
+anchor at Philadelphia, September 18, 1807. So much for this good ship
+named for Stirling Castle of Bonnie Scotland.</p>
+
+<p>Such were the lessons young Cooper learned in
+<!-- Page 48 --><a name="Page_48"></a>
+this rough but manly
+school. A brother officer who knew him well said, &quot;He was active,
+prompt, and efficient, a pleasant shipmate, always ready to do his duty,
+and rigorous too in exacting it of others.&quot; Of Cooper's &quot;Naval History&quot;
+was added, &quot;It is the noblest tribute ever paid to a noble profession.&quot;
+Aboard the <i>Stirling</i> on these several cruises Cooper learned much that
+afterwards appeared in his sea tales. It was of this sea-service that he
+wrote, &quot;I have been myself one of eleven hands, officers included, to
+navigate a ship of three hundred tons across the Atlantic Ocean; and,
+what is more, we often reefed topsails with the watch.&quot; Of the
+<i>Stirling</i> he wrote, &quot;The ship was on a bow-line most of the time&quot;; and
+he thought her &quot;one of the wettest ships that ever floated when heading
+tip against the sea.&quot;</p>
+<p><a name="070.png"></a>
+<img src="images/070.png" alt="SAILOR'S SNUG HARBOR.">
+</p>
+
+<p>A lively account of this eleven months' service is
+found in Cooper's story of &quot;Ned Myers.&quot; This life of his shipmate aboard
+the <i>Stirling</i> was written in 1843. The old salt was a battered hulk in
+the &quot;Sailor's Snug Harbor&quot; when Cooper was on the crest of the wave of
+his literary fame, and the old sailor, wondering if this Cooper could be
+the comrade of his youth in the <i>Stirling</i> days of yore, wrote, after
+<!-- Page 49 --><a name="Page_49"></a>
+the twenty-five years of separation, to inquire. The answer was, &quot;I am
+your old shipmate, Ned.&quot; Later, &quot;Ned&quot; was invited to visit the Hall.
+Many remember the interesting two in 1843. &quot;Hardly a day passed that
+they were not seen, as the heavy Hall gates swung open at eleven
+o'clock, coming out for a morning walk or a sail on the lake;&mdash;Cooper's
+portly form, and by his side a shriveled figure with halting step,
+leaning heavily on a crooked stick which served for a cane. They were as
+strong in contrast as it was possible for men to be.&quot; It was during this
+visit that the old sailor spun his life-yarn in his own way and Cooper
+wove it into his book, &quot;Ned Myers.&quot;</p>
+
+
+<p><!-- Page 50 --><a name="Page_50"></a>
+Perhaps the following interesting Cooperstown story of Cooper's youth
+is of the time of his return from his <i>Stirling</i> voyage. One day a merry
+group of young men proposed a footrace, the course to be around the
+square&mdash;a distance of about one hundred yards. James Cooper was named as
+one of the runners, and his rival was soon chosen. According to custom,
+the village boys, girls, men, and women were spectators. Like a
+mettlesome steed in curb young Cooper looked at the wager,&mdash;a basket of
+fruit,&mdash;then at his race-mate, and accepted the challenge, but not on
+even terms. It was not enough for a sailor simply to outrun a landsman;
+he could do more. A little girl stood near, her bright face eager with
+watching
+<!-- Page 51 --><a name="Page_51"></a>
+for the fray. Cooper turned quickly and caught her up in his
+arms, and with the pride and muscle of an athlete exclaimed, &quot;I'll carry
+her with me and beat you!&quot; Away they flew, Cooper with his laughing
+burden upon his shoulders; one corner was turned, and the excited crowd
+saw with surprise James Cooper with his small rider keeping pace with
+the other flying youth. Another, and the other corners were soon passed;
+both sprang like race-horses near the end of the course, but Cooper,
+with his little black-eyed girl aloft and the perspiration pouring down
+his manly brow and cheeks, was the first to reach the mark, and amidst
+such cheers and hurrahs as only pioneers can freely give, and as freely
+enjoy. The fruit he had won, but soon it was shared by all around. That
+little girl, later the wife of Captain William Wilson, often told the
+story of her ride on pleasant James Cooper's shoulders.</p>
+
+<p><a name="072.png"></a>
+<img src="images/072.png" alt="OTSEGO HALL GATES.">
+</p>
+
+<p>While never a rhymester, Cooper, in his early manhood and at rare times
+after, did write occasional sentimental and comic verses that betokened
+both clever imagination and other merit. Into the <i>Otsego Herald</i>
+printing-office a poor epileptic ballad-singer came one day to ask help
+<!-- Page 52 --><a name="Page_52"></a>
+from a group of gentlemen A purse was made up for him, but he, looking
+among them, said if one of them would write for him &quot;a few
+verses&mdash;something new&quot;&mdash;they would be worth more than the silver given
+him. Young Cooper offered to try, and asked on what subject he should
+write &quot;There's nothing sells like ballads,&quot; was the reply. So the ballad
+was promised; and some thirty or more pathetic verses were written at
+once, about the small frontier village recently burnt by troops under
+Colonel Murray during the close of the last war with England. This
+ballad bore the high-sounding title of &quot;Buffalo Burnt, or the Dreadful
+Conflagration.&quot; It won such success among the farm-house gentry
+<!-- Page 53 --><a name="Page_53"></a>
+that
+the singer returned for another ballad and obtained it. Some years later
+Mr. Cooper was invited to a tea-party in a near village, when a young
+lady, led to the piano for music, began to sing, much to the author's
+disturbing amazement, &quot;Buffalo Burnt, or the Dreadful Conflagration.&quot;</p>
+
+<a name="074a.png"></a>
+<img src="images/074a.png" alt="BUFFALO BURNT.">
+
+<p>So passed the pleasant vacation days of our young sailor, whose training
+before-the-mast enabled his father to obtain for him a midshipman's
+commission in the United States Navy, for which James Cooper reported
+for duty at New York City, January 12, 1808. At the age of nineteen he
+first served aboard the <i>Vesuvius.</i><br>
+<a name="074b.png"></a>
+<img src="images/074b.png" alt="THE &quot;VESUVIUS.&quot;">
+<br>Thence he was ordered to Oswego, New
+York, to build the brig <i>Oneida</i> for Lake Ontario service, and which the
+spring of 1809 saw launched.</p>
+
+
+<!-- Page 54 --><a name="Page_54"></a>
+
+<p>While the war flurries which called for the building of the vessel were
+tethered, Cooper had learned his lesson in ship-building, ship-yard
+duties, and water-border life; and these served him more than thirty
+years later in his matchless Indian story, &quot;The Pathfinder.&quot; Miss Susan
+Cooper has left some interesting pages of this period of her father's
+naval service; in part they read: &quot;In 1808 several young officers under
+Lieutenant Woolsey were ordered to the shores of Lake Ontario for
+building a small vessel of war. Among them was Mr. Cooper, then a
+midshipman in the service. Their road lay for many a mile through the
+forest to the mouth of the Oswego River,&mdash;their destination,&mdash;where the
+<i>Oneida</i>, a brig mounting sixteen guns, was
+<!-- Page 55 --><a name="Page_55"></a>
+built and launched. They
+enjoyed the wild coloring of frontier life They roamed the forests and
+explored the shores in leisure hours.<br>
+<a name="075.png"></a>
+<img src="images/075.png" alt="ONTARIO FORESTS.">
+<br>Cruises among the Thousand Islands
+were frequent; many were the fine fish caught and good chowders eaten.
+The picturesque beauties of the region, the countless islands, were
+greatly enjoyed and never forgotten by the young midshipman.&quot;<br>
+<a name="077a.png"></a>
+<img src="images/077a.png" alt="THE THOUSAND ISLANDS.">
+<br>The
+youthful officers were ordered to Buffalo, and stopping for the night at
+a rude frontier inn, it was Cooper's duty to inquire what they might
+have for supper. &quot;Mine host shook his head ruefully; he could promise
+very little. 'Give us what you eat yourself; you must
+<!-- Page 56 --><a name="Page_56"></a>
+have food of some
+kind,' said Cooper. Mine host looked melancholy; on his honor he assured
+the young officers he had absolutely nothing to set before them but
+game, steak, and brook-trout; and, maybe his wife could find cranberries
+for a tart! A month earlier they should have had a dish of fried pork
+fit for the President, with a pumpkin pie after it. 'Game's plenty, but
+nothin' else!' added the publican with a sigh. Mine host was pining for
+pork!<br>
+<a name="077b.png"></a>
+<img src="images/077b.png" alt="THE PORT OF BUFFALO.">
+<br>On this expedition Mr. Cooper saw Niagara for the first time. He
+was struck with the grandeur of the cataract, but felt its sublime
+character far more deeply on a later visit&mdash;after his return from
+Europe.&quot;</p>
+
+<p><a name="079.png"></a>
+<img align=right src="images/079.png" alt="CAPTAIN M.T. WOOLSEY.">
+When the <i>Oneida</i> was launched the gallant
+<!-- Page 57 --><a name="Page_57"></a>
+young officers resolved to
+celebrate the event by giving a ball. &quot;This was an enterprise of a
+desperate character;&mdash;building a brig hundreds of miles from a ship-yard
+was a trifle to giving a ball in the wilderness. True, one fiddle and
+half a dozen officers were something; refreshments and a military
+ball-room might be hoped for; but where, pray, were the ladies to come
+from?&quot; They would not think of dancing with each other, and ladies must
+be found. Vigorous efforts were made by sending boats in some directions
+and carts miles in others, to invite the ladies; and they accepted. As
+the hour drew near a very delicate point came up for decision&mdash;the
+honors due different fair claimants. After a council of war, Lieutenant
+Woolsey gave to his master-of-ceremonies these orders: &quot;All ladies, sir,
+provided with shoes and stockings
+<!-- Page 58 --><a name="Page_58"></a>
+are to be led to the head of the
+Virginia reel; ladies with shoes, and without stockings, are considered
+in the second rank; ladies without shoes or stockings you will lead,
+gentlemen, to the foot of the country dance!&quot; Such was a grand military
+ball in Oswego County in 1808-9.</p>
+
+
+<p>About this time occurred an amusing incident of their raw young
+mess-servant, fresh from Ireland: &quot;A table-cloth had taken fire and was
+in full blaze; Paddy was at the moment filling a teapot from an ample
+kettle in his hand. 'Pour the water on the table!' called out one of the
+officers. 'Sure, the wather is <i>hot</i>, your honor!' exclaimed Paddy, in
+great dismay, holding the kettle at a very safe distance from the
+blazing cloth, and his face such a picture of helpless despair as to
+make Mr. Cooper heartily laugh at every after-thought of it.&quot;</p>
+
+<p>The passing of thirty or more years made of this light-hearted young
+midshipman a well-known writer, with the purpose that his next book
+should tell of this unforgettable region of the great lakes. He wished
+to bring into it the sailors and Indians as, by coming in close contact
+with them, &quot;he knew their personalities and characteristics.&quot; Then,
+forest scenes without &quot;<!-- Page 59 --><a name="Page_59"></a>
+Natty Bumppo&quot; could scarce come from his pen
+after the drawings of old &quot;Leatherstocking&quot; of &quot;The Pioneers,&quot; &quot;Hawkeye&quot;
+of &quot;The Mohicans,&quot; and the &quot;aged trapper&quot; of &quot;The Prairie.&quot; So it came
+about that &quot;Natty, the lover,&quot; stepped into these pages&mdash;Natty, &quot;so
+simple, so tender, so noble and true&mdash;what shall be said of him? We must
+all needs love him; it is not with words but with tears that we wring
+his hand and part from him on the lake shore&quot; as &quot;The Pathfinder.&quot;
+<br>
+<a name="081a.png"></a>
+<img src="images/081a.png" alt="THE PATHFINDER.">
+<br>
+Glowing and brave proved
+<!-- Page 60 --><a name="Page_60"></a>
+his Mabel, as &quot;the bubble of a boat floated on
+the very crest of a foaming breaker,&quot;&mdash;yet not for him. But the ripple
+of the lake's waves and rustling of forest leaves are as unforgettable
+as the low, sweet tones of &quot;Dew-of-June.&quot; Of &quot;The Pathfinder&quot; and Cooper
+Balzac wrote: &quot;Its interest is tremendous. He surely owed us this
+masterpiece after the last two or three raphsodies he has given us.&quot;</p>
+
+<a name="081b.png"></a>
+<img src="images/081b.png" alt="A BUBBLE OF A BOAT.">
+<br>
+<p><a name="083b.png"></a>
+<img src="images/083b.png" alt="THE &quot;WASP.&quot;">
+</p>
+
+
+<p>
+<a name="083a.png"></a>
+<img align=right src="images/083a.png" alt="CAPTAIN LAWRENCE.">
+In the year 1809 Cooper was attached to a gun-boat serving on Lake
+Champlain, and on November 13 following, he was ordered to the <i>Wasp</i>,
+under Capt. James Lawrence, of
+<!-- Page 61 --><a name="Page_61"></a><!-- Page 62 --><a name="Page_62"></a>
+Burlington&mdash;a personal friend, and also
+the heroic commander of the <i>Chesapeake</i> in her action with the
+<i>Shannon</i>, in which his last words were, &quot;Don't give up the ship!&quot; It
+was aboard the <i>Wasp</i> that Cooper's lifelong friendship with Commodore
+Shubrick of South Carolina began, who, like himself, and a year younger,
+was a midshipman. To this friend the author dedicated &quot;The Pilot,&quot; &quot;Red
+Rover,&quot; and other stories.</p>
+
+
+<p>Political feeling ran high in those early days of 1809, and prominent
+persons did not escape from their opponents with hitter feeling only. So
+it came about that in December of that year, Judge Cooper, on leaving a
+hot convention, met his death,&mdash;the result of a blow on the head, as he
+was coming down the steps of the State capitol at Albany, New York. No
+one of his day who was engaged in the work of large buying and selling
+of land made so deep an impression as did Judge Cooper on his times, and
+on his author son, whose land books disclose to posterity with historic
+exactness the hardships and values of the pioneers of our country.</p>
+
+<p>After Judge Cooper's death Richard Fenimore, his eldest son, became the
+head of the family, and it was to him that James wrote from</p>
+
+<!-- Page 63 --><a name="Page_63"></a>
+<div class="blkquot"><p>New York, May 18th, 1810</p>
+
+<p>     I wrote you yesterday, a letter in a great hurry, as its contents
+     are of some importance. I employ the leisure time offered today, to
+     inform you more fully of my views.</p>
+
+<p>     When you were in the City, I hinted to you, my intention of
+     resigning at the end of this session of Congress, should nothing be
+     done for the Navy&mdash;my only reason at that time was the blasted
+     prospects of the service. I accordingly wrote my resignation and as
+     usual offer'd it to Capt. Lawrence, for his inspection&mdash;he very
+     warmly recommended to me to give the service the trial of another
+     year or two&mdash;at the same time offering to procure me a furlough
+     which would leave me perfect master of my actions in the
+     interval&mdash;I thought it wisest to accept this proposition&mdash;at the
+     end of this year I have it in my power to resign, should the
+     situation of the Country warrant it.</p>
+
+<p>     Like all the rest of the sons of Adam, I have bowed to the
+     influence of the claims of a fair damsel of eighteen. I loved her
+     like a man and told her of it like a sailor. The peculiarity of my
+     situation occasion'd me to act with something like precipitancy. I
+     am perfectly confident, however, I shall never have cause to repent
+     of it&mdash;. As you are <i>cooly</i> to decide, I will as <i>cooly</i> give you
+     the qualities of my mistress. Susan De Lancey is the daughter of a
+     man of very respectable connections and a handsome
+     fortune&mdash;amiable, sweet-tempered and happy in her disposition.&mdash;She
+     has been educated in the country, occasionally trying the
+     temperature of the City&mdash;to rub off the rust&mdash;but hold a moment, it
+     is enough she pleases <i>me</i> in
+<!-- Page 64 --><a name="Page_64"></a>
+the qualities of her <i>person</i> and
+     <i>mind</i>&mdash;. Like a true quixotic lover, I made proposals to her
+     father&mdash;he has answered them in the most gentlemanly manner&mdash;. You
+     have my consent to address my daughter if you will gain the
+     approbation of your mother&mdash;He also informs me that his daughter
+     has an estate in the County of Westchester in reversion, secured to
+     her by a deed in trust to him&mdash;. I write all this for <i>you</i>&mdash;you
+     know <i>I</i> am indifferent to anything of this nature. Now I have to
+     request&mdash;you will take your hat and go to mother, the boys, girls,
+     and say to them have you any objection that James Cooper shall
+     marry at a future day, Susan De Lancey. If any of them forbid the
+     bans may the Lord have forgiven them&mdash;for I never will&mdash;. Then take
+     your pen and write to Mr. De Lancey stating the <i>happiness</i> and
+     <i>pleasure</i> it will give all the family to have this connection
+     completed&mdash;all this I wish you to do immediately, as I am deprived
+     of the pleasure of visiting my flame until this is done, by that
+     confounded <i>bore</i>, delicacy&mdash;be so good as to inclose the letter in
+     one to me, at the same time don't forget to inclose a handsome sum
+     to square the yards here and bring me to Cooperstown.</p>
+
+<p>     I wish not to interrupt you in your attempt to clear the estate&mdash;my
+     expenditure shall be as small as possible.</p>
+
+<p>     <i>Your brother,</i> James Cooper.</p></div>
+
+<p>The de Lanceys were Huguenots and their loyalty to England during the
+Revolution made several of them British officers. Although Cooper was
+ever a staunch American,
+<!-- Page 65 --><a name="Page_65"></a>
+this incident, with several others in his
+later life, seemed unfavorable to some few who were only too willing to
+question his loyalty.</p>
+
+<p>Miss de Lancey's great grandfather, Stephen, was the first of this
+aristocratic Westchester-County family on American soil. He fled from
+Normandy on the revocation of the edict of Nantes, and in 1686 came to
+New York. Here his son James became chief-justice and
+<!-- Page 66 --><a name="Page_66"></a>
+lieutenant-governor, and married Ann, eldest daughter of the Hon. Caleb
+Heathcote, lord of the manor of Scarsdale, Westchester, and whose manor
+house was Heathcote Hill, which their fourth son, John Peter de Lancey,
+Cooper's father-in-law, inherited from his mother.<br>
+<a name="092a.png"></a>
+<img src="images/092a.png" alt="HON. CALEB HEATHCOTE.">
+<a name="086b.png"></a>
+<img src="images/086b.png" alt="GOV. JAMES DE LANCEY'S SEAL.">
+
+<a name="086c.png"></a>
+<img src="images/086c.png" alt="HEATHCOTE ARMS.">
+
+<br>One of a number of
+services the old-world Derbyshire Heathcote-Hill family rendered to its
+country was giving to the Bank of England its first president.
+The de Lancey name still clings to
+<!-- Page 67 --><a name="Page_67"></a>
+the new-world history in Fraunces Tavern,
+built by Stephen de Lancey in 1700, for his home. Sixty-two years later
+it became the tavern of Samuel Fraunces. In 1776 and 1783 it was the
+headquarters of General Washington, and in its famous <i>Long Room</i> &quot;The
+Father of his Country&quot; made his farewell address, and bid adieu to his
+generals.<br>
+
+<a name="086a.png"></a>
+<img src="images/086a.png" alt="FRAUNCES TAVERN.">
+<a name="092b.png"></a>
+<img src="images/092b.png" alt="FRAUNCES TAVERN LONG ROOM.">
+
+<br>Number 130 Broadway was the de Lancey home of 1730, and here
+was given the first inauguration ball of our nation. On this site was
+built &quot;Burn's Coffee House,&quot; which teemed with interesting events. The
+City Hotel took its place in 1806.<br>
+<a name="092c.png"></a>
+<img src="images/092c.png" alt="BURN'S COFFEE HOUSE.">
+<br>John Peter de Lancey married
+Elizabeth, daughter of Col. Richard Floyd, and in 1789 came to Heathcote
+Hill, Westchester County, which he rebuilt on the
+<!-- Page 68 --><a name="Page_68"></a>
+site of the old manor
+house, burned down. In this home he lived out his days. Here his son,
+William Heathcote, Bishop of Western New York, was born; and also his
+lovely daughter, Susan Augusta; here she was wooed and won by the
+handsome young naval officer, and on New Year's day, 1811, became Mrs.
+James Cooper. In 1899 Dr. Theodore F. Wolfe writes of Cooper and
+Heathcote Hill&mdash;that some of the great trees which waved their green
+leafage above him lingering here with sweetheart or bride yet shade the
+grounds, but the household that welcomed him and gave him a beloved
+daughter lie in a little grass-grown cemetery near to this old home.
+<br>
+<a name="092d.png"></a>
+<img src="images/092d.png" alt="HEATHCOTE HILL.">
+<br>
+Mrs. Cooper had a sweet, gracious way of
+<!-- Page 69 --><a name="Page_69"></a>
+guiding by affection her
+husband, and he gave her his heart's devotion through the forty years of
+their happily mated life. Cooper and his young bride began life by
+playing a game of chess between the ceremony and supper. Then, he
+driving two horses tandem, they made their wedding journey to
+Cooperstown in a gig.<br>
+<a name="092e.png"></a>
+<img src="images/092e.png" alt="TANDEM.">
+<br>
+His furlough ended a few months later, and to
+please his
+<!-- Page 70 --><a name="Page_70"></a>
+wife, he resigned in May from the navy. Long afterwards he
+wrote, &quot;She confesses she would never have done for Lady Collingwood.&quot;
+For a year or more Cooper and his wife lived with her father at
+Heathcote Hill, Mamaroneck, New York, and afterwards in a near-by
+cottage on the &quot;Neck,&quot; which Cooper named
+&quot;Closet Hall&quot; because it was
+so small, and he described it as the home of the Littlepage family in
+&quot;Satanstoe.&quot; Only two old willows remain of the group that almost
+concealed Cooper's wee house, now entirely rebuilt, and they named the
+place as the home of Alice B. Havens, who wrote here some of her poems
+and stories&mdash;so Dr. Wolfe writes of Closet Hall. After some brief
+housekeeping
+<!-- Page 71 --><a name="Page_71"></a>
+in this &quot;wee home,&quot; the young people again made a part of
+the family at Heathcote Hill, where they lived until 1814. Then, with
+the two little girls born to them, they went for a short time to
+Cooperstown, and thence to their Fenimore farm of some one hundred and
+fifty acres along Otsego's southwestern shores. &quot;On a rising knoll
+overlooking lake and village a handsome stone house was begun for their
+life home.&quot;<br>
+<a name="092f.png"></a>
+<img src="images/092f.png" alt="COOPER'S FENIMORE FARM HOUSE.">
+<br>The near-by hill, called Mount Ovis, pastured the Merino
+sheep which he brought into the country. He loved his gardening, and was
+active for the public good, serving as secretary of the county
+Agricultural Society, and also of the Otsego County Bible Society. In
+the full flush of youth and its pleasures there were the pleasant
+diversions of driving, riding, and rowing. So lived flute-playing
+Cooper, brave and handsome, at twenty-five.</p>
+
+<p>Cooper's mother was then living with her older sons at Otsego Hall, and
+it is recorded that &quot;she took great delight in flowers, and the end of
+the long hall was like a green-house, in her time&quot;; that &quot;she was a
+great reader of romances; a marvelous housekeeper, and beautifully nice
+and neat in her arrangements: her flower-garden at
+<!-- Page 72 --><a name="Page_72"></a>
+the south of the
+house was considered something wonderful in variety of flowers.&quot; Between
+her Old-Hall home and the families of her children,&mdash;Richard's on &quot;Apple
+Hill,&quot; Isaac's at &quot;Edgewater,&quot; Nancy's at the &quot;Old Stone House,&quot; and
+James's at &quot;Fenimore,&quot;&mdash;these years were full of charm and interest for
+them all, which later became sweet and enduring memories. Sadness crept
+in, through the loss of James's daughter Elizabeth; but two more came to
+lift this shadow in the Fenimore home.</p>
+<a name="096a.png"></a>
+<img src="images/096a.png" alt="ELIZABETH FENIMORE COOPER IN THE OLD HALL HOME.">
+<p>In 1817 Cooper and his young family started for a few month's visit to
+Heathcote Hill, and later in this year he lost his mother. As the stone
+house, then building at Fenimore, burned down in 1823, the land was sold
+later, and the few months' expected absence grew into seventeen years.
+Perhaps it was this thread of loss added to his wife's wishes that led
+Cooper to build a country home on the Scarsdale farm,&mdash;a portion of the
+de Lancey estate, which came to Mrs. Cooper after her marriage. Here he
+built the picturesque home in which his literary career began. &quot;Nothing
+that Cooper knew remains excepting the superb land and water view,&quot;
+which drew him to place this home of his
+<!-- Page 73 --><a name="Page_73"></a><!-- Page 74 --><a name="Page_74"></a>
+there, and he has pictured
+mile upon mile of the shimmering, sail-dotted Sound in scenes of his
+&quot;Water Witch.&quot; It is of record that the windows of the room in which he
+wrote &quot;Precaution,&quot; &quot;The Spy,&quot; and &quot;The Pioneers&quot; overlooked this
+enchanting vista which then and later claimed place in his books.
+<br>
+<a name="096b.png"></a>
+<img src="images/096b.png" alt="COOPER'S ANGEVINE FARM HOME.">
+<br>
+It was
+four miles from Mamaroneck and some twenty-five from New York City. The
+height on which the new house stood was called Angevine, from a former
+Huguenot tenant. It gave a glorious view over
+<!-- Page 75 --><a name="Page_75"></a>
+miles of fine wooded
+country, with a broad reach of Long Island Sound beyond, over which were
+moving white, glittering sails &quot;a sailor's eye loves to follow.&quot;
+<br>
+<a name="096c.png"></a>
+<img src="images/096c.png" alt="MAMARONECK CREEK SLOOPS.">
+<br>
+Of active habits and vigorous health, Cooper threw himself with almost
+boyish eagerness into the improvement and beautifying of this
+homestead,&mdash;planning the barn, building the then new zigzag, ha-ha
+fence, watching the growth of shrubs and trees that he had transplanted,
+and with cheering talk lightening the labors of his workmen.</p>
+
+
+<p>&quot;In 1818 Cooper was made paymaster, and in the next year quartermaster
+in the Fourth Division of Infantry, New York State Militia. As Governor
+Clinton's aid, in blue and buff
+<!-- Page 76 --><a name="Page_76"></a>
+uniform, cocked hat, and sword, and
+title of colonel, he would go to reviews on his favorite horse,
+'Bull-head.'&quot;</p>
+
+<p>At that time each village on the Sound had its sloop which carried the
+farmer's produce thrice a week through the perils of Hell Gate to Fulton
+market, and brought back tea, sugar, cloth, calicoes, and silks, and,
+perchance, some volume fresh from the London press,&mdash;a bit of Byron's
+brilliance, a romance from the unknown author of &quot;Waverley,&quot; one of Miss
+Edgeworth's charming tales, or the more serious religious work of
+Wilberforce&mdash;which had &quot;arrived by packet-ship from England&quot;&mdash;the next
+day's papers would announce. Lucky was thought the household that could
+first cut the pages of the new print.</p>
+
+<p>Reading, which always enters so naturally into country life, made
+pleasant their evening hours and rainy days at Angevine. Mr. Cooper was
+a fine reader. His voice was deep, clear, and expressive, and during
+those quiet country evenings he often read aloud to one &quot;who listened
+with affectionate interest through a long life,&quot; and he read to her with
+special pleasure. For Shakespeare he was always ready. Pope,
+<!-- Page 77 --><a name="Page_77"></a>
+Thompson,
+and Gray were also in favor, but not more than a page or two at a time
+of Milton. He thought that Shakespeare should have written &quot;Paradise
+Lost.&quot; &quot;He took the greatest delight in the 'Waverley' novels, and never
+doubted they were written by Walter Scott, the poet. On one occasion a
+new novel chanced to lie on the table and he was asked to read it. The
+title and look of the book were not to his taste; he opened it, however,
+and began. Suddenly, after reading through a few pages, it was thrown
+aside in disgust: 'I can write a better book than that myself!' was his
+exclamation.&quot; Mrs. Cooper laughed at the absurd idea that he, who
+disliked writing even a letter, should write a book, and playfully
+challenged him to make good his word; and when urged to begin, he at
+once outlined a tale of English high-life. As the story grew, the writer
+became interested, and before long the first pages of Cooper's first
+book, &quot;Precaution, or Prevention is Better than Cure,&quot; were written.
+When finished, much to his amazement, Mrs. Cooper further urged him to
+publish it; so, with the manuscript, they set out in their gig to seek
+counsel of the Jays at Bedford, and other friends, who approved. &quot;One
+lady, not
+<!-- Page 78 --><a name="Page_78"></a>
+in the secret, felt sure she had read it before.&quot; It was
+published, without the author's name, August 25, 1820, and was credited
+to an English woman. A.T. Goodrich, the publisher, surprised the public
+by declaring it the work of an American gentleman of New York. It was
+soon republished in England, and claimed the attention usually accorded
+that style of book in its day. Whatever of its worth, the work had
+awakened Cooper's powers; and its modest success in a field new to him
+led his friends to urge him to write on subjects that were in near touch
+with his daily life. None knew better than he the frontier and
+sea-faring life of his own and
+<!-- Page 79 --><a name="Page_79"></a>
+earlier times. So, then, for
+home-country subjects, and thinking it would be his last attempt, he
+exclaimed, &quot;I will write another book!&quot; and soon decided on patriotism
+as its <i>motif</i>.<br>
+<a name="101a.png"></a>
+<img src="images/101a.png" alt="JUDGE JOHN JAY.">
+
+<a name="101b.png"></a>
+<img src="images/101b.png" alt="BEDFORD HOUSE.">
+<br>At this period many were the visits to Judge Jay's
+Westchester home at Bedford. The house, part of wood and part of stone,
+had a spacious, comfortable piazza along its front. The interior had
+more of cheerfulness than of elegance, but a great air of abundance, and
+was a peaceful shelter for the waning days of that eminent statesman and
+patriot. Of this household Cooper wrote later: &quot;I scarcely remember to
+have mingled with any family where there was a more happy union of quiet
+decorum and high courtesy
+<!-- Page 80 --><a name="Page_80"></a>
+than I met with beneath the roof of Mr. Jay.&quot;
+To no place more fitting than his wistaria-covered library could Cooper
+have gone for patriotic inspiration. The venerable Judge, as he smoked
+his long clay pipe, used to delight in telling anecdotes of the
+Revolution, &quot;the truth of which,&quot; he said, &quot;never had been and never
+would be written.&quot;</p>
+
+<a name="101c.png"></a>
+<img src="images/101c.png" alt="BEDFORD HOUSE LIBRARY.">
+
+<p>One summer afternoon, while sitting on his broad piazza under the
+lindens, Cooper, with others, listened to the Judge's recital of the
+story of a spy's great struggles and unselfish loyalty while serving his
+country in the American Revolution, and the story gave Cooper an idea
+for his &quot;Harvey Birch.&quot; The fact that strolling
+<!-- Page 81 --><a name="Page_81"></a>
+peddlers, staff in hand
+and pack on back, were common visitors then at country houses, became
+another aid. &quot;It was after such a visit of a Yankee peddler of the old
+sort, to the cottage at Angevine, that Harvey's lot in life was
+decided&mdash;he was to be a spy and a peddler.&quot; It was something to the
+author's after regret that he drew the dignity of George Washington into
+the &quot;Harper&quot; of this story.</p>
+
+<a name="102.png"></a>
+<img src="images/102.png" alt="HARVEY BIRCH'S CAVE.">
+
+<p>&quot;The entire country between the Americans on the skirts of the Highlands
+and the British on Manhattan&mdash;or 'the Neutral Ground'&mdash;suffered more in
+harried skirmishes, pillage, violence, fire, and the taking of life
+itself, than any of its extent during this strife.&quot; Scarsdale and
+Mamaroneck were in this region, with White
+<!-- Page 82 --><a name="Page_82"></a>
+Plains close by. Fort
+Washington was on a near height, and Dobb's Ferry a few miles off. &quot;The
+Coopers' daily drive from Angevine discovered a pretty thicket, some
+swampy land, and a cave in which to hide the loyal, to be fed by
+friendly hands at night until escape was possible. There were also at
+hand the gloomy horrors of a haunted wood where gliding ghosts fought
+midnight battles&quot;&mdash;all of this the farmers <i>knew</i> and could tell of,
+too. One of them, &quot;Uncle John,&quot; lived just below the home hill in a wee
+cot of four walls, each of a different color&mdash;red, yellow, brown, and
+white. He frequently came up the Angevine-home hill to tell, between his
+apples, nuts, and glasses of cider, tales of what he, too, <i>knew</i>, to a
+good listener,&mdash;the master of the house. Then there was &quot;Major Brom B.,
+a hero of the great war, with his twenty-seven martial spirits, all
+uniformed in silver gray, his negro Bonny and his gun, 'the Bucanneer,'
+had not its fellow on the continent.&quot; These were all aids, and sources
+of unfailing interest about the many Westchester chimney firesides of
+that day. In his &quot;Literary Haunts and Homes,&quot; Dr. Theodore F. Wolfe
+tells of a fine, old-time home, beyond the valley below Cooper's
+Angevine farm,
+<!-- Page 83 --><a name="Page_83"></a>
+where he placed many an exciting scene of this coming
+tale. In 1899 Dr. Wolfe notes the house as changed, only by a piazza
+across its front, from the days when Cooper knew it well, and that it
+was pleasantly shaded by many of the fine, tall trees that gave it the
+name of &quot;The Locusts,&quot; which it kept in his story as the home of the
+Whartons.<br>
+<a name="105.png"></a>
+<img src="images/105.png" alt="THE LOCUSTS OF COOPER'S TIME.">
+<br>
+The descendants of the family he used to visit still live
+there, and one of them showed Dr. Wolfe all that was left of &quot;The Four
+Corners,&quot; Betty Flanigan's hotel, whence Harvey Birch, Cooper's hero,
+escaped in Betty's petticoats. Cooper made these familiar scenes of
+southern New York the background of his second book, &quot;The Spy, a Tale of
+the Neutral Ground,&quot; which also was published, without the
+<!-- Page 84 --><a name="Page_84"></a>
+author's
+name, December 22, 1821.<br>
+<a name="106.png"></a>
+<img src="images/106.png" alt="TITLE-PAGE OF THE FIRST EDITION OF &quot;THE SPY.&quot;">
+<br>
+Its success called for a new edition the
+following March, and its translation into many foreign tongues. Of
+Cooper's &quot;Betty Flanigan&quot; Miss Edgeworth declared, &quot;An Irish pen could
+not have drawn her better.&quot; Except Irving's &quot;Sketch Book,&quot; his
+&quot;Knickerbocker's History of New York,&quot; and Bryant's thin volume of eight
+poems, there were few books by native writers when &quot;The Spy&quot; appeared;
+and &quot;then it was that the new world awakened to the surprising discovery
+of her first <i>American</i> novelist. The glory that Cooper justly won was
+reflected on his country, of whose literary independence he was the
+pioneer. 'The Spy' had the charm of reality; it tasted of the soil.&quot;
+While the American press was slow to admit the merit of &quot;The Spy,&quot; a
+cordial welcome was given the book in &quot;The Port Folio.&quot; It was written
+by Mrs. Sarah Hall, mother of the editor, and author of &quot;Conversations
+on the Bible.&quot; This act of timely kindness Cooper never forgot. June 30,
+1822, Washington Irving, from London, wrote Mr. John E. Hall, the
+editor: &quot;'The Spy' is extremely well spoken of by the best circles,&mdash;not
+a bit better than it deserves, for it does the author great credit.&quot;</p>
+
+
+<!-- Page 85 --><a name="Page_85"></a>
+
+<!-- Page 86 --><a name="Page_86"></a>
+<a name="109a.png"></a>
+<img src="images/109a.png" alt="LAFAYETTE THEATRE.">
+<a name="107.png"></a>
+<img src="images/107.png" alt="ENOCH CROSBY.">
+<p>In 1826, when &quot;The Spy&quot; was before the footlights in Lafayette Theatre,
+on Broadway, near Canal Street, Enoch Crosby, the supposed original spy,
+appeared in a box with friends, and &quot;was given thunders of applause.&quot;
+From &quot;Portraits of Cooper's Heroines,&quot; by the Rev. Ralph Birdsall of
+Cooperstown, is gleaned: On the walls of the Newport home of the Rev.
+John Cornell hang two old portraits that have close connection with the
+inner history of &quot;The Spy.&quot; To their present owner they came from the
+New York home of his mother, the late Mrs. Isaac
+<!-- Page 87 --><a name="Page_87"></a>
+Cornell, and to her
+they came from the Somerville, New Jersey, home of her father, Mr.
+Richard Bancker Duyckinck, who in his turn received them from his aunt,
+Mrs. Peter Jay,&mdash;the subject of one of these portraits and at one time
+mistress of the Jay mansion at Rye. Over one hundred years ago it was
+that, from the walls of this rare old home at Rye, Westchester County,
+the grace of these ladies on canvas caught James Cooper's thought to use
+them, by description, in his coming book, &quot;The Spy.&quot; Chapter XIII
+describes closely the personal
+<!-- Page 88 --><a name="Page_88"></a>
+appearance and style of dress of these
+portraits. &quot;Jeanette Peyton,&quot; the maiden aunt of Cooper's story, owes
+her mature charm to the portrait of Mary Duyckinck, wife of Peter Jay.
+From the &quot;cap of exquisite lawn and lace,&quot; her gown of rich silk, short
+sleeves and &quot;large ruffles&quot; of lace which with &quot;the experience of forty
+years,&quot; also veiled her shoulders, to the triple row of large pearls
+about her throat,&mdash;all these details are found in Cooper's text-picture
+of Jeanette Peyton. His &quot;Sarah Wharton&quot; no less closely follows the
+portrait of Mrs. Jay's older sister, Sarah Duyckinck, who became Mrs.
+Richard Bancker. Her name Sarah may have been given purposely to Sarah
+Wharton of Cooper's story. Cooper was thirty-two when it was written,
+and it is not unlikely that Mrs. Jay, then eighty-five years of age, was
+pleased with this delicate tribute the young novelist paid to the beauty
+of her own and her sister's youth.</p>
+
+<a name="109b.png"></a>
+<img src="images/109b.png" alt="COOPER'S HEROINES.">
+<p>Four daughters and a son now shared the author's home life, and in order
+to place his little girls in a school and be near his publishers, Cooper
+rented a modest brick house on Broadway, across the street from Niblo's
+Garden, near No. 585, Astor's home, which was a grand resort
+<!-- Page 89 --><a name="Page_89"></a><!-- Page 90 --><a name="Page_90"></a>
+of
+Halleck and Irving, who wrote there a part of his &quot;Life of Washington.&quot;
+Cooper's house was just above Prince Street&mdash;then almost out of town.</p>
+<a name="111.png"></a>
+<img align=right src="images/111.png" alt="WINDHURST'S NOOK, UNDER THE PARK THEATRE.">
+
+<p>The modern club being then unknown, the brilliant men of the day met in
+taverns, and there talked of &quot;everything under the starry scope of
+heaven.&quot; In the 1820's there was Edward Windhurst's famous nook under
+the sidewalk below Park Theatre, where Edmund Kean, Junius Brutus Booth,
+Cooper, Morris, Willis, and Halleck made gay and brilliant talk.</p>
+
+<p>In the &quot;Life and Letters of Fitz-greene Halleck,&quot; by General James Grant
+Wilson, it appears that Cooper was warmly attached to Halleck
+<!-- Page 92 --><a name="Page_92"></a><!-- Page 91 --><a name="Page_91"></a>
+since
+1815, when they first met. Fitz-greene Halleck is credited with taking
+Cooper's earliest books to Europe in 1822 and finding a London publisher
+for them. The novelist called his friend &quot;The Admirable Croaker,&quot; on
+account of a series of amusing and satirical verses written by Halleck
+and Drake and published over the signature of &quot;Croaker and Co.,&quot; in the
+public press of that day. Into this atmosphere of charm came delightful
+and delighting Joseph Rodman Drake, with his &quot;six feet two&quot; of splendid
+youth; he was thought by some &quot;the handsomest man in New York.&quot; From out
+this brilliant group comes the record that &quot;'Culprit Fay,' written in
+<!-- Page 93 --><a name="Page_93"></a>
+August, 1816,&quot; says Halleck, &quot;came from Cooper, Drake, DeKay, and
+Halleck, speaking of Scottish streams and their inspiration for poetry.
+Cooper and Halleck thought our American rivers could claim no such
+tribute of expression. Drake differed from his friends and made good his
+stand by producing in three days 'The Culprit Fay' from the Highlands of
+the Hudson; but,&quot; is added, &quot;the Sound from Hunt's Point, his familiar
+haunt of <i>salt</i> water, made his inspiration.&quot;</p>
+<a name="114a.png"></a>
+<img src="images/114a.png" alt="JAMES FENIMORE COOPER, 1822.">
+<a name="114b.png"></a>
+<img src="images/114b.png" alt="FITZ-GREENE HALLECK.">
+<a name="114c.png"></a>
+<img src="images/114c.png" alt="JOSEPH RODMAN DRAKE.">
+<a name="114d.png"></a>
+<img src="images/114d.png" alt="CRO' NEST.">
+
+
+<p>To the City Hotel came Morris again with Dana, Cooper, and his friend,
+Samuel Woodworth,
+<!-- Page 94 --><a name="Page_94"></a>
+author of &quot;The Old Oaken Bucket&quot;&mdash;to plan &quot;The
+Mirror,&quot; in 1823.</p>
+
+<a name="115a.png"></a>
+<img src="images/115a.png" alt="SAMUEL WOODWORTH.">
+<a name="115b.png"></a>
+<img src="images/115b.png" alt="THE OLD OAKEN BUCKET.">
+
+<p>The story of the old song's writing is: At noon on a summer's day in
+1817 Woodworth, whose pen-name was &quot;Selim,&quot; walked home to dinner from
+his office at the foot of Wall Street. Being very warm, he drank a glass
+of water from his pump, and after drinking it said, &quot;How much more
+refreshing would be a draught from the old bucket that hung in my
+father's well!&quot; Then his wife&mdash;whom the poet called his
+inspiration&mdash;exclaimed, &quot;Why, Selim, wouldn't that be a pretty subject
+for a poem?&quot; Thus urged, he began writing at once, and in an hour's time
+finished the heart-stirring song so well known as &quot;
+<!-- Page 95 --><a name="Page_95"></a>
+The Old Oaken
+Bucket.&quot;</p>
+
+<a name="119a.png"></a>
+<img src="images/119a.png" alt="CITY HOTEL AND WASHINGTON HALL.">
+
+<p>At this City Hotel Cooper himself in 1824 founded &quot;The Bread and Cheese
+Club&quot;&mdash;so named because membership was voted <i>for</i> with bits of bread,
+and <i>against</i> with bits of cheese. He called it the &quot;Lunch.&quot; Later on,
+the &quot;Lunch, or Cooper's Club,&quot; met in Washington Hall, corner of
+Broadway and Chambers Street. Among its distinguished members were
+Chancellor Kent, DeKay, naturalist, King, later president of Columbia
+College, the authors Verplanck, Bryant, and Halleck, Morse the inventor,
+the artists Durand and Jarvis, and Wiley the publisher. They met
+Thursday evenings, each member in turn caring for the supper, always
+cooked to perfection by Abigail Jones&mdash;an artist of color, in that line.
+It was at one of these repasts that Bryant &quot;was struck with Cooper's
+rapid, lively talk, keen observation, knowledge, and accurate memory of
+details.&quot; Said he: &quot;I remember, too, being somewhat startled, coming as
+I did from the seclusion of a country life, with a certain emphatic
+frankness of manner, which, however, I came at last to like and admire.&quot;
+Many an attractive page might be written of these talks with Mathews,
+rambles with DeKay, and daily chats with his
+<!-- Page 96 --><a name="Page_96"></a>
+old messmates of the sea,
+and this &quot;Bread and Cheese Club.&quot; Cooper was scarcely in France before
+he sent frequent missives to his friends at the club to be read at their
+weekly meetings; but it &quot;missed its founder, went into a decline, and
+not long afterward quietly expired.&quot; General Wilson says that it was at
+Wiley's, corner of Wall and New Streets, in a small back room christened
+by Cooper &quot;The Den&quot;&mdash;which appeared over the door&mdash;that he first met
+&quot;The Idle Man,&quot; R.H. Dana. Here Cooper was in the habit of holding
+forth to an admiring audience, much as did Christopher North about the
+same time in &quot;Blackwood's&quot; back parlor in George Street, Edinburgh.</p>
+<a name="119b.png"></a>
+<img src="images/119b.png" alt="EARLY BROADWAY.">
+<p><a name="119c.png"></a>
+<img align=right src="images/119c.png" alt="WILLIAM WORDSWORTH.">
+John Bartlett's Bookshop, too,&mdash;&quot;a veritable treasury of literary
+secrets,&quot;&mdash;in the new Astor House, became a haunt for the bookmen of its
+times. Cooper was fond of the society of literary men when he could meet
+them as <i>men</i>, and not as lions. He once said: &quot;You learn nothing about
+a man when you meet him at a show dinner and he sits up to talk <i>for</i>
+you instead of talking <i>with</i> you. When I was in London Wordsworth came
+to town, and I was asked to meet him at one of those displays; but I
+would not
+<!-- Page 97 --><a name="Page_97"></a><!-- Page 98 --><a name="Page_98"></a>
+go.&quot; Then Mrs. Cooper said: &quot;But you met him afterwards, my
+dear, and was very much pleased with him.&quot; To this Cooper replied: &quot;Yes,
+at Rogers', and <i>was</i> very much pleased with him; but it was because I
+met him in a place where he felt at home, and he let himself out
+freely.&quot;
+</p>
+<p>
+<a name="119d.png"></a>
+<img align=left src="images/119d.png" alt="COOPER'S NEW YORK CITY HOME IN BEACH STREET.">
+After some stay on Broadway, Cooper moved his family to their Beach
+Street abode. Some twenty paces from Hudson it stood,&mdash;a brick house of
+many attractions in the wrought iron railings, marble steps, arched
+doorway, high ceilings, with heavy, ornate mouldings, massive oaken
+doors, and Venetian blinds of the deep windows. Spacious and inviting
+was this city
+<!-- Page 99 --><a name="Page_99"></a>
+home during the 1820's, in the fashionable district of
+St. John's.
+In April, 1823, while living here, Cooper was made a member
+of the Philadelphia Philosophical Society. August of this year he lost
+his first son,&mdash;the youngest child,&mdash;Fenimore; and he himself went
+through a serious illness, brought on by an accident: &quot;On
+<!-- Page 100 --><a name="Page_100"></a>
+returning
+from a New Bedford visit his carriage broke down, and always glad to be
+afloat, he took passage in a sloop for New York. Being anxious to reach
+home, when the wind began to fail, and to make the most of the tide, he
+took the helm and steered the little craft himself through Hell Gate.
+The day was very stormy, and the trying heat brought on a sudden
+sun-stroke-like fever.&quot; February 3, 1824, his second son, Paul, was
+born.</p>
+<a name="119e.png"></a>
+<img align=right src="images/119e.png" alt="ST. JOHN'S CHAPEL.">
+<p>&quot;The Spy&quot; finished and the glow of success upon its author, he again
+resolved &quot;to try one more book.&quot; For this work his thoughts turned in
+love to the home of his childhood, so closely associated with the little
+&quot;Lake of the Fields.&quot; &quot;Green-belted with great forest trees was this
+'smile of God'&mdash;from Mount Vision dreaming at its feet, to the densely
+wooded 'sleeping lion' guarding its head, nine miles to the north.&quot; Of
+the new book Cooper frankly said: &quot;'The Pioneers' is written exclusively
+to please myself.&quot; Herein Leatherstocking makes his first appearance,
+and for all time, as Natty Bumppo, &quot;with his silent footfall stepped
+from beneath the shadows of the old pines into the winter sunlight.&quot;</p>
+
+<!-- Page 101 --><a name="Page_101"></a>
+<p>
+<a name="122.png"></a>
+<img align=left src="images/122.png" alt="OLD LEATHERSTOCKING.">
+An old hunter&mdash;Shipman by name&mdash;often came with his rifle and dogs
+during the early years of the new colony, to offer his game at William
+Cooper's door, and was a great attraction for the lads of Otsego Hall. A
+dim memory of Shipman served as an outline only for Cooper's creation,
+&quot;Natty,&quot; as in strength and beauty of character he came from the
+<!-- Page 102 --><a name="Page_102"></a>
+writer's pen, to live through the five &quot;Leatherstocking Tales,&quot; as &quot;the
+ever familiar friend of boys.&quot; While Cooper placed no real character
+from life in this book, Judge Temple is accepted as a sketch of his
+father. The aim was to create a character from the class to which each
+belonged. Thus served brave old Indian John as &quot;Chingachgook&quot;; Mr.
+Grant, the missionary; and &quot;Monsieur Le Quoi,&quot; the Frenchman. In
+&quot;Chronicles of Cooperstown&quot; it appears that a real &quot;Mr. Le Quoy excited
+much interest in the place, in being superior to his occupation as a
+country grocer.&quot; One day a Mr. Renouard, a seaman, entered his shop for
+some tobacco, and returned in a few minutes agitated and pale, excitedly
+asking, &quot;Who is the man that sold me this tobacco?&quot; At the answer, &quot;Mr.
+Le Quoy,&quot; he replied, &quot;Yes, Mr. Le Quoy de Mesereau. When I went to
+Martinique to be port-captain of St. Pierre, this man was civil governor
+of the island, and refused to confirm my appointment.&quot; It was learned
+later that the French Revolution drove Mr. Le Quoy with little money to
+a New York friend,&mdash;a Mr. Murray,&mdash;who also knew well Judge Cooper, and
+they both advised this country store until peaceful France
+<!-- Page 103 --><a name="Page_103"></a>
+could and
+did invite its owner to return to his island home.</p>
+
+<a name="124.png"></a>
+<img align=right src="images/124.png" alt="NATTY'S CAVE">
+
+<p>An Indian alarm of the early-village period of 1794 formed the opening
+chapter of the new book, but the incidents were mainly creations of
+Cooper's fancy. Yet the pigeon-flights, Natty's cave, which sheltered
+Elizabeth Temple from the forest fire, and each charming picture of the
+Glimmerglass country, are true to life. The academy, court-house, jail,
+inn; the &quot;'Cricket'&mdash;that famous old cannon which sent its thunders
+thousands of times over the Otsego hills on days of rejoicing&mdash;are
+fairly given.&quot; The old gun was found when digging the cellar of Judge
+Cooper's first house, and
+<!-- Page 104 --><a name="Page_104"></a>
+was said to have been buried by troops under
+Gen. James Clinton, who marched from Albany against the Indians in 1779.
+They cut their way through forests, brought their boats to Lake Otsego,
+and their headquarters were in a log house built on the future site of
+the first Hall. The place where was the old Clinton Dam is now marked by
+the Daughters of the American Revolution as the <i>one</i> Cooperstown,
+connecting link with the War of Independence.</p>
+<a name="125.png"></a>
+<img src="images/125.png" alt="GENERAL JAMES CLINTON.">
+<!-- Page 105 --><a name="Page_105"></a>
+<a name="126.png"></a>
+<img src="images/126.png" alt="CLINTON DAM.">
+
+<p>The outward appearance of the old Hall is fairly given by Cooper's pen,
+but once within, all is a faithful record, &quot;even to the severed nose of
+Wolfe, and the urn that held the ashes of Queen Dido.&quot; The tale was of a
+great landlord living among his settlers on property bearing his name.
+The book was &quot;The Pioneers, or, Sources of the Susquehanna,&quot; and
+&quot;thirty-five hundred copies sold before noon of the day it was
+published.&quot;</p>
+
+<p>It was of &quot;The Pioneers&quot; that Bryant wrote: &quot;It dazzled the world by the
+splendor of its novelty.&quot;</p>
+
+<p>An interesting incident of Cooper's kindness of heart is of this date
+and some ten years later came to light as follows: After his return from
+Europe
+<!-- Page 106 --><a name="Page_106"></a>
+in 1833 he one day gave to his eldest daughter &quot;a small book
+bound in boards.&quot; It was entitled &quot;Tales for Fifteen, or, Imagination
+and Heart&quot; by Jane Morgan. He said to her: &quot;Dearie, here is a little
+book that I wrote for Wiley,&quot; adding that he had bought it at a news
+stand on his way home. It appears &quot;when Wiley failed a number of his
+patrons wrote stories and gave them to him.&quot; These two&mdash;one called
+&quot;Heart&quot; and the other &quot;Imagination&quot; were written by Cooper, but
+&quot;curiously enough,&quot;&mdash;were published under the pen-name of &quot;Jane Morgan.&quot;
+The book is very rare; only two copies are known to be in existence.</p>
+
+<a name="131a.png"></a>
+<img src="images/131a.png" alt="&quot;TALES FOR FIFTEEN, OR IMAGINATION AND HEART.&quot;">
+
+<p>
+<a name="131b.png"></a>
+<img align=right src="images/131b.png" alt="CHARLES WILKES.">
+The thought of writing a romance of the sea first came to Mr. Cooper
+while dining at Mr. Charles Wilkes', where the table-talk turned on &quot;The
+Pirate,&quot; just issued by the author of &quot;Waverley.&quot; When his marine
+touches were highly praised for their accuracy, Cooper held they were
+not satisfactory to the nautical reader. His friends thought more
+accuracy might better please seamen but would prove dull reading for the
+general public. With his usual spirit, Cooper refused to be convinced,
+and on his way home that evening &quot;the outlines of a nautical romance
+<!-- Page 107 --><a name="Page_107"></a>
+were vaguely sketched in his mind&quot;; but he never dreamed it would
+become one of a series of sea-stories. &quot;I must write one more book&mdash;a
+sea tale&mdash;&quot; he said, &quot;to show what can be done in this way by a sailor!&quot;
+The stirring struggles of the American Revolution again enlisted the
+author's loyal pen-service in the
+<!-- Page 108 --><a name="Page_108"></a>
+character of that bold adventurer,
+John Paul Jones, and his cruise in <i>The Ranger</i>, when he made his daring
+descent upon Whitehaven and St. Mary's Isle, which suggested to Cooper
+his plot for &quot;The Pilot.&quot; Two ships, a frigate and the schooner <i>Ariel</i>,
+were drawn for the tale. During its writing the author had many doubts
+of its success. Friends thought the sea tame when calm, and unpleasant
+in storms; and as to ladies&mdash;the reading of storms would surely make
+them seasick. His first encouragement came from an Englishman of taste,
+though a doubter of American talent. To Cooper's
+<!-- Page 109 --><a name="Page_109"></a>
+surprise, this
+authority pronounced his sea tale good. Then came the favorable opinion
+of Commodore Shubrick, of which the author wrote: &quot;Anxious to know what
+the effect would be on the public, I read a chapter to S&mdash;&mdash;, now
+captain, which contained an account of a ship working off-shore in a
+gale. My listener betrayed interest as we proceeded, until he could no
+longer keep his seat. He paced the room furiously until I got through,
+and just as I laid down the paper he exclaimed: 'It is all very well,
+but you have let your jib stand too long, my fine fellow!' I blew it out
+of the bolt-rope in pure spite!&quot; And thus it was that when the author
+&quot;came beating out of the 'Devil's Grip,'&quot; this old messmate jumped from
+his seat and paced the floor with strides, not letting a detail escape
+him. Cooper was fully satisfied and accepted the criticism, and the
+tale, alive with spirited description of sea-action, won the day. It was
+written with all the author's power and accuracy of detail.<br>
+<a name="131c.png"></a>
+<img align=left src="images/131c.png" alt="JOHN PAUL JONES.">
+In &quot;Mr.
+Gray&quot; appeared John Paul Jones, while &quot;Long Tom Coffin&quot; was said to be
+Mr. Irish, the mate of the <i>Stirling</i>, in which the lad &quot;Cooper made his
+voyage before-the-mast.&quot; Of this mate and the
+<!-- Page 110 --><a name="Page_110"></a>
+Yankees the author wrote:
+&quot;He too was from Nantucket, and was a prime fellow, and fit to command a
+ship.&quot; Prof. Brander Matthews calls this simple-hearted cockswain and
+Natty Bumppo &quot;co-heirs of time.&quot; The famous fifth chapter of &quot;The Pilot&quot;
+was the first fiction to show that &quot;a master of the sea tale had come
+into the world, and it has never been surpassed in literature of the
+sea.&quot; This, the third of Cooper's novels, won for him his greatest
+popularity. It was dedicated to William Branford Shubrick, United States
+Navy&mdash;the author's loyal friend since their days together on the <i>Wasp</i>,
+in 1809. Its inscription reads in part: &quot;My Dear Shubrick&mdash;by your old
+Messmate, the Author.&quot; A few days after &quot;The Pilot&quot; was issued, January,
+1824, Cooper wrote this friend: &quot;I found Wiley had the book in the hands
+of his five printers&mdash;on my return&mdash;for reprint. So much for our joint
+efforts.&quot; Concerning &quot;The Pilot&quot; and its author, this appeared in the
+<i>Edinburgh Review</i>: &quot;The empire of the sea is conceded to him by
+acclamation.&quot;</p>
+
+
+
+<p><a name="133.png"></a>
+<img align=right src="images/133.png" alt="LONG TOM COFFIN.">
+Meeting Cooper at dinner three months later, Bryant wrote his wife that
+&quot;he seemed a little giddy with the great success his works have
+<!-- Page 111 --><a name="Page_111"></a>
+met.&quot;
+Another said: &quot;What wonder that the hearty, breezy author of 'The Spy,'
+'The Pioneers,' and 'The Pilot,' should, by a certain 'emphatic
+frankness of manner,' have somewhat startled the shy, retiring, country
+poet who had not yet found his place on <i>The Evening Post!&quot;</i> Later, in
+1824, to Richard Henry Dana's newsy letter about Cooper's foreign
+standing, Bryant replies: &quot;What you tell me of the success of our
+countryman, Cooper, in England, is an omen of good things. I hope it is
+the breaking of a bright day for American literature.&quot; Bryant's memorial
+address after Cooper's death remains
+<!-- Page 112 --><a name="Page_112"></a>
+a splendid record of their
+unclouded friendship, based on mutual respect. It was delivered at
+Metropolitan Hall, in New York City, February 25, 1852. The occasion was
+honored by the presence of the most brilliant men of the time. Daniel
+Webster presided, assisted by William Cullen Bryant, and Washington
+Irving. At that time these three men were made the subjects of a pencil
+sketch by Daniel Huntington.</p>
+
+
+<p>Mr. George Palmer Putnam thus describes a meeting between Irving and
+Cooper, after the latter's return from Europe: &quot;One day Mr. Irving was
+sitting at my desk, with his back to the door, when Mr. Cooper came in
+(a little bustling as usual) and stood at the office entrance, talking.
+Mr. Irving did not turn (for obvious reasons), and Cooper did not see
+him. I had acquired caution as to introductions without mutual consent,
+but with brief thought&mdash;sort of instinct&mdash;I stoutly obeyed the impulse
+of the moment, and simply said, 'Mr. Cooper, here is Mr. Irving.' The
+latter turned, Cooper held out his hand cordially, dashed at once into
+an animated conversation, took a chair, and, to my surprise and delight,
+the two authors sat for an hour, chatting in their best manner about
+<!-- Page 113 --><a name="Page_113"></a>
+almost every topic of the day and former days; and Mr. Irving
+afterwards frequently alluded to the incident as being a very great
+gratification to him. Not many months afterwards, he sat on the platform
+and joined in Bryant's tribute to the genius of the departed novelist.&quot;</p>
+
+<a name="134.png"></a>
+<img src="images/134.png" alt="BRYANT, WEBSTER AND IRVING.">
+
+<p>September 18, 1851, Irving wrote: &quot;The death of Fenimore Cooper is an
+event of deep and public concern. To me it comes with a shock; for it
+seems but the other day that I saw him at Putnam's, in the full vigor of
+mind and body, 'a very castle of a man.' He left a space in our
+literature which will not be easily
+<!-- Page 114 --><a name="Page_114"></a>
+supplied. I shall not fail to
+attend the proposed meeting.&quot;</p>
+
+<p>It is recorded that &quot;Yale never, in later years, saw fit to honor
+herself by giving Cooper his degree, but Columbia, in this instance more
+intelligent than either Harvard or Yale, in 1824, conferred on the
+author the honorary degree of A.M.&quot;</p>
+
+<a name="136.png"></a>
+<img src="images/136.png" alt="THE LANDING OF LAFAYETTE, 1824">
+
+
+<p><a name="139a.png"></a>
+<img align=right src="images/139a.png" alt="LAFAYETTE.">
+When, in 1824, General Lafayette, as the Nation's guest, landed from the
+<i>Cadmus</i> at Castle Garden, Mr. Cooper made one of the active committee
+of welcome and entertainment. Of his part in the Castle-Garden ball, and
+his enthusiasm, a friend wrote: &quot;After working hard all day in
+preparations and all night in carrying them out, towards dawn he went to
+the office of his friend Charles King and wrote out a full and accurate
+report, which appeared in Mr. King's paper the next day.&quot; Concerning
+this famous Castle-Garden ball, Cooper himself wrote: &quot;A tall spar was
+raised in the center, a vast awning of sail-cloth covered the whole,
+which was concealed by flags that gave a soft, airy finish&mdash;all flooded
+by lights. Music of the national air hailed Lafayette's arrival. The
+brilliant throngs and gay dancers over the floor
+<!-- Page 115 --><a name="Page_115"></a>
+fell into line like a
+charm, forming a lane, through which the old man passed, giving and
+receiving warm and affectionate salutations at every step to the small
+marquee in the midst, prepared for the 'Guest of the Nation.' He was
+like a father among his children.&quot; In various other ways Cooper paid
+tributes of courtesy to General Lafayette during this visit to America.</p>
+
+<p><a name="139c.png"></a>
+<img align=right src="images/139c.png" alt="JOB PRAY.">
+As the three successful books which the author had now written dealt
+with the strength and struggles of liberty-loving Americans for their
+new country, his wide sense of justice suggested writing on loyalty from
+the other point of view&mdash;the Mother Country's&mdash;as held by men of
+<!-- Page 116 --><a name="Page_116"></a>
+birth
+and honor. This loyalty to England Cooper made the subject of his next
+book. It was a dangerous venture, and a time too near the dearly-bought
+laurels of our young republic in its separation from England. But the
+author made every effort for accuracy on all points; he was tireless in
+his study of history, state papers, official reports, almanacs, and
+weather-records. A journey &quot;to Yankee Land&quot; familiarized
+<!-- Page 117 --><a name="Page_117"></a>
+him with every
+locality he so faithfully described in the pages of &quot;Lionel Lincoln.&quot; &quot;A
+Legend of the Thirteen Republics&quot; was an added title to the first
+edition only (1825) of &quot;Lionel Lincoln,&quot; for Cooper's intention to write
+a story of each of the thirteen states was given up later, and the title
+&quot;A Narrative of 1775&quot; took its place.
+<a name="139d.png"></a>
+<img align=left src="images/139d.png" alt="THE BURNING OF CHARLESTOWN.">
+The author himself was not
+satisfied with this work, nor with the character of &quot;Lionel Lincoln,&quot;
+whose lack of commanding interest makes &quot;Job,&quot; his poor half-witted
+brother and son of &quot;Abigail,&quot;&mdash;a tenant of the old warehouse,&mdash;the
+<i>real</i> hero of the book. Of its author, Bancroft the historian wrote:
+&quot;He has described the battle of Bunker's Hill better than it has ever
+been described in any other work.&quot; Another high authority says:
+&quot;<!-- Page 118 --><a name="Page_118"></a>'Lionel Lincoln' certainly gives spirited battlepieces&mdash;notably the
+battle of Bunker's Hill, which is a masterpiece.&quot; Rhode Island people
+may care to know that a part of this book was written in Providence, in
+the home of Mr. John Whipple, which stands on the verge of the old elm
+trees of College Street. Here, too, Cooper may have studied on the
+opening scenes of &quot;The Red Rover.&quot;</p>
+
+<a name="140a.png"></a>
+<img src="images/140a.png" alt="WHIPPLE HOUSE, AT PROVIDENCE, R.I.">
+
+<a name="139b.png"></a>
+<img src="images/139b.png" alt="LAFAYETTE'S BRANDYWINE VASE.">
+<p>Early spring of 1825 found Fenimore Cooper in Washington, whence he
+wrote: &quot;I have just witnessed one of the most imposing ceremonies of
+this government; I allude to the inauguration
+<!-- Page 119 --><a name="Page_119"></a>
+of the President of the
+United States.&quot; It was that of John Quincy Adams, who succeeded James
+Monroe. Elsewhere one learns that Cooper had dined at the White House;
+he gave a description of Mrs. Monroe as first lady of the land.</p>
+
+<a name="140b.png"></a>
+<img src="images/140b.png" alt="MRS. JAMES MONROE.">
+
+<a name="140c.png"></a>
+<img src="images/140c.png" alt="PRESIDENT'S HOUSE, WASHINGTON, D.C., 1825.">
+
+<p>Up to this year the author had signed his name &quot;James Cooper&quot;; then, in
+remembrance of
+<!-- Page 120 --><a name="Page_120"></a>
+his mother's wish, he changed it, and by the April,
+1826, act of Legislature the family name became Fenimore Cooper.</p>
+
+<p><a name="143c.png"></a>
+<img align=right src="images/143c.png" alt="HONORABLE MR. STANLEY.">
+During the summer of 1825 Mr. Cooper made one of a party of young
+men,&mdash;which included also the Hon. Mr. Stanley, afterwards Lord Derby,
+Prime Minister of England, and the Hon. Wortley Montagu, later Lord
+Wharncliffe, in an excursion to Saratoga and the Lake George country.
+They went slowly up the Hudson, paid a brief visit to West Point, thence
+to Catskill, where, like Leatherstocking, they saw &quot;Creation!&quot;&mdash;as Natty
+said, dropping the end of his rod into the water, and sweeping one hand
+around him in a circle&mdash;&quot;all creation, lad.&quot;
+<a name="143a.png"></a>
+<img align=left src="images/143a.png" alt="SUNRISE AT SOUTH MOUNTAIN.">
+In the hills they saw the
+two small ponds, and the merry stream crooking and winding through the
+valley to the rocks; and the &quot;Leap&quot; in its first plunge of two hundred
+feet: &quot;It's a drop for the old Hudson,&quot; added Natty. The Shakers were
+called upon in their beautiful valley and neat village at Lebanon; good
+dinners were eaten at friendly tables in Albany; and gay were the times
+they had in Ballston and Saratoga. Thence to the Lake George region, its
+wooded heights, islands, crystal lakes, silent shores.
+For a while they
+lingered
+<!-- Page 122 --><a name="Page_122"></a>
+<!-- Page 121 --><a name="Page_121"></a>
+with delight, then turned back for the dark, still caverns in
+the heart of Glens Fall. These caverns were, Natty said, &quot;Two little
+holes for us to hide in.&quot; He added, &quot;Falls on two sides of us, and the
+river above and below!&mdash;it would be worth the trouble to step up on the
+height of this rock and look at the pervarcity of the water. It falls by
+no rule at all.&quot; Within the shadows and silence of these caverns Mr.
+Stanley suggested to Cooper that &quot;here was the very scene for a
+romance,&quot; and the author promised his friend that a book should be
+written in which these caves would play an important part. A story of
+strong Indian make-up first came then to the author's mind. Before
+leaving, these caverns and the surrounding country were closely examined
+for future use.
+</p>
+<a name="143b.png"></a>
+<img align=right src="images/143b.png" alt="GLEN'S FALL'S CAVERNS.">
+<a name="147a.png"></a>
+<img src="images/147a.png" alt="GLENS FALL.">
+<!-- Page 123 --><a name="Page_123"></a>
+
+<p>
+Besides his youthful and Lake Ontario experiences with Indians, Cooper
+followed parties of them from Albany to New York, and several times to
+Washington, for the purpose of closely studying their natures and
+habits; all authorities in print were consulted. On his return home the
+book was begun and rapidly written. &quot;Planned beneath the summer leaves,
+on the
+<!-- Page 124 --><a name="Page_124"></a>
+far shore of picturesque Hell Gate, above smiling fields and
+bowering orchards of his Angevine home, those leaves had scarcely fallen
+when the story was told&mdash;'the most uniformly exciting and powerful of
+his fictions'&mdash;'The Last of the Mohicans,' and Natty and Chingachgook
+were left in the wilderness beside the rude grave of Uncas.&quot; Again they
+came into the shadow of the unbroken forest, as called for by the <i>one</i>
+friend he now constantly consulted,&mdash;his faithful, loving life-mate. At
+the time of its writing Cooper had a serious illness, during which his
+mind was filled with ideas for this book. Suddenly rousing himself one
+of these autumn afternoons, he called for pen and paper, but too ill to
+use them, asked Mrs. Cooper, watching
+<!-- Page 125 --><a name="Page_125"></a>
+anxiously by his side, to write
+for him. Fearing delirium, she wrote, thinking it would relieve him. A
+page of notes was rapidly dictated, which seemed to his alarmed nurse
+but the wild fancies of a fevered brain. It proved to be a clear account
+of a lively struggle between &quot;Magua&quot; and &quot;Chingachgook,&quot; and made the
+twelfth chapter of the book. Why the author called Lake George by
+another name is thus explained: &quot;Looking over an ancient map, he found
+that a tribe of Indians the French called <i>Les Honcans</i> lived by this
+beautiful sheet of water, and thinking the English name too commonplace
+and the Indian name too hard to pronounce, he chose the 'Horican' as
+better suiting simple Natty.&quot; This book, &quot;The Last of
+<!-- Page 126 --><a name="Page_126"></a>
+the Mohicans,&quot;
+proved, perhaps, to be the most popular of all his works up to 1826.</p>
+
+<a name="147b.png"></a>
+<img src="images/147b.png" alt="LAKE GEORGE, OR &quot;THE HORICAN.&quot;">
+<p>A present-day man-of-letters writes of Cooper: &quot;He paints Indians and
+Indian scenes with a glow of our sunset skies and the crimson of our
+autumn maples, and makes them alive with brilliant color. Rifles crack,
+tomahawks gleam, and arrows dart like sunbeams through the air. Indians
+fleet of foot and full of graceful movement are these dusky Apollo's
+Uncas. Cooper's readers never yawn over these tales of the forest or the
+sea. He is the swan on the lake, the eagle in the air, the deer in the
+wood, and the wind on the sea.&quot; So writes Prof. Brander Matthews. That
+life-student of the American Indian, Francis Parkman, wrote: &quot;It is easy
+to find fault with 'The Last of the Mohicans,' but it is far from easy
+to rival or even approach its excellence.&quot; It is said that &quot;Magua,&quot; of
+this book, &quot;is the best-drawn Indian in fiction; from scalp-lock to
+moccasin tingling with life&quot; and the tension of the canoe-chase on the
+Horican.</p>
+
+<p>During this Lake George excursion a question came up between the Hon.
+Mr. Stanley, the Hon. Wortley Montagu, and Mr. Cooper as to who was the
+&quot;Premier Baron of England.&quot; Cooper
+<!-- Page 127 --><a name="Page_127"></a>
+named Lord Henry William Fitzgerald
+(3rd son of James, 1st Duke of Leinster) 22nd Baron de Ros [b. 1761&mdash;d.
+1829] as his man; whose title came from Henry I., to Peter, Lord of
+Holderness called Ros. Each of his two friends claimed another as the
+&quot;Premier Baron of England.&quot; All were so confident that a wager was laid,
+and later inquiry proved Cooper right. In due time the debt was paid
+with a large gold, silver-filled seal. On its stone&mdash;a
+chrysoprase&mdash;appeared a baron's coronet and the old Scottish proverb:
+&quot;He that will to Cupar maun to Cupar!&quot; The incident serves to affirm
+Cooper's wide information and accurate memory.</p>
+
+<a name="148.png"></a>
+<img src="images/148.png" alt="THE WAGER SEAL.">
+<p><!-- Page 128 --><a name="Page_128"></a>
+This winter of 1825-26 Cooper and his family made their home at 345
+Greenwich Street, not many steps from 92 Hudson Street, where lived the
+poet William Cullen Bryant, who often went around the corner for a walk
+with his friend.</p>
+
+<a name="149.png"></a>
+<img src="images/149.png" alt="BRYANT.">
+<p>General Wilson wrote: &quot;Soon after Bryant went to New York he met Cooper,
+who, a few days later, said: 'Come and dine with me tomorrow; I live at
+No. 345 Greenwich Street.' 'Please put that down for me,' said Bryant,
+'or I shall forget the place.' 'Can't you remember three-four-five?'
+replied Cooper bluntly. Bryant did remember 'three-four-five,' not only
+for that day, but ever afterward.&quot;</p>
+
+<p><!-- Page 129 --><a name="Page_129"></a>
+During this spring Cooper followed a deputation of Pawnee and Sioux
+Indians from New York to Washington, in order to make a close study of
+them for future use. He was much interested in the chiefs' stories of
+their wild powers, dignity, endurance, grace, cunning wiles, and fierce
+passions. The great buffalo hunts across the prairies he had never seen;
+the fights of mounted tribes and the sweeping fires over those boundless
+plains all claimed his eager interest and sympathy, with the resulting
+desire to place &quot;these mounted tribes&quot; and their desert plains beyond
+the Mississippi in another Indian story. One of the chiefs of this
+party&mdash;a very fine specimen of a warrior, a remarkable man in every
+way&mdash;is credited with being the original of &quot;Hard-Heart&quot; of &quot;The
+Prairie,&quot; which an authority gives as Cooper's favorite book. On a
+knoll, and within the glory of a western sunset, stood Natty, born of
+the author's mind and heart, as he first appeared in this book. &quot;The
+aged trapper&mdash;a nobly pathetic figure contrasted with the
+squatter&quot;&mdash;looms up, colossal, against the gleaming radiance of
+departing day; and full well he knows his own leaving for the long-home
+is not far off&mdash;for the remarkable life
+<!-- Page 130 --><a name="Page_130"></a>
+of wondrous Leatherstocking
+closes within these pages. Of other characters and the author Prof.
+Matthews says: &quot;He was above all things a creator of character.&mdash;He can
+draw women.&mdash;The wife of Ishmael Bush, the squatter, mother of seven
+stalwart sons and sister of a murderous rascal, is an unforgotten
+portrait, solidly painted by a master.&quot; &quot;The Prairie&quot; was begun in the
+winter of 1826, in the New York, Greenwich-Street home, while Cooper was
+under the weather from the old fever effects. The closing of his
+father's estate, and debts contracted against him by those whom he had
+<!-- Page 131 --><a name="Page_131"></a>
+helped, emptied his purse and left him a poor man. To meet these calls
+of honor and his own needs, he wrote when not able to do so, and for a
+short and only time in his life called in the aid of coffee for his
+work. Wine he drank daily at dinner only, and he never smoked.</p>
+
+<a name="152a.png"></a>
+<img src="images/152a.png" alt="&quot;NATTY, THE TRAPPER.&quot;">
+<p>When Cooper followed the Sioux and Pawnee Indians to Washington, in
+1826, Henry Clay, Secretary of State, offered him the appointment of
+United States Minister to Sweden. It was declined in favor of the
+consulship to Lyons, France, which latter would allow him more freedom
+and protect his family in case of foreign troubles. With this trip to
+Europe in view his family busily studied French and Spanish. Returning
+to New York, Cooper's club gave him
+<!-- Page 132 --><a name="Page_132"></a>
+a farewell dinner, at which the
+author said he intended to write a history of the United States Navy. At
+this dinner he was toasted by Chancellor Kent as &quot;the genius which has
+rendered our native soil classic ground, and given to our early history
+the enchantment of fiction.&quot;</p>
+
+<a name="152b.png"></a>
+<img src="images/152b.png" alt="HENRY CLAY.">
+<a name="152c.png"></a>
+<img src="images/152c.png" alt="CHANCELLOR KENT.">
+<p>May 1 the town house was given up for a month of hotel life, and on June
+1, at eleven o'clock, Mr. and Mrs. Cooper and their children boarded the
+<i>Hudson</i> at Whitehall Wharf for Europe.<br>
+
+<a name="153.png"></a>
+<img src="images/153.png" alt="THE U.S.S. &quot;HUDSON.&quot;">
+<br>
+They left a land-squall&mdash;their
+maid Abigail&mdash;ashore and found some rough weather ahead before June 30.
+&quot;A fine clear day brought in plain sight ninety-seven sail, which
+<!-- Page 133 --><a name="Page_133"></a>
+had
+come into the Channel, like ourselves, during the thick weather. The
+blue waters were glittering with canvas.&quot; A little later Cooper wrote:
+&quot;There is a cry of 'Land!' and I must hasten on deck to revel in the
+cheerful sight.&quot; The <i>Hudson</i> brought up at Cowes, Isle of Wight, July
+2, 1826; &quot;after a passage of thirty-one days we first put foot in
+Europe,&quot; wrote Cooper. In this &quot;toy-town&quot; they found rooms at the
+&quot;Fountain,&quot; where the windows gave them pretty vistas, and evening
+brought the first old-country meal, also the first taste of the famous
+Isle-of-Wight butter, which, however, without salt they thought
+&quot;tasteless.&quot;<br>
+<a name="159a.png"></a>
+<img src="images/159a.png" alt="WHITEWALL WHARF, 1826.">
+<br>
+As eager
+<!-- Page 134 --><a name="Page_134"></a>
+newcomers to strange lands, they made several
+sight-seeing ventures, among which was enjoyed the ivy-clad ruin of
+Carisbrook, the one-time prison of Charles I.
+<br>
+<a name="159b.png"></a>
+<img src="images/159b.png" alt="KEEP OF CARISBROOK.">
+<br>
+A few days later they
+landed on the pier at Southampton, which town is recorded as being
+&quot;noted for long passages, bow-windows, and old maids.&quot; Here they found
+pleasant lodgings, friends, and a sister of Mrs. Cooper's whereby time
+was pleasantly passed by the family while Cooper went up to London to
+see his publishers. On his return they were
+<!-- Page 135 --><a name="Page_135"></a>
+soon aboard the <i>Camilla</i>,
+&quot;shorn of one wing&quot; (one of her two boilers was out of order), and on
+their way to France. At midnight they were on deck for their first sight
+of France; &quot;Land!&mdash;of ghostly hue in the bright moonlight, and other
+lights glittering from the two towers on the headlands near by.&quot; Landing
+at the small port of Havre, they had some weary hours of
+<!-- Page 136 --><a name="Page_136"></a>
+search before
+finding shelter in <i>Hotel d'Angleterre</i>.
+<br>
+<a name="159c.png"></a>
+<img src="images/159c.png" alt="HAVRE, BY NIGHT.">
+<br>
+By a &quot;skirted wonder&quot; of the
+port their luggage soon passed the customs next morning and they were
+started for Paris. They were charmed with the dark old sombre,
+mysterious towers and fantastic roofs of Rouen, where Cooper bought a
+large traveling carriage, in which they safely passed the &quot;ugly dragons&quot;
+that &quot;thrust out their grinning heads from the Normandy towns&quot; on the
+way to the heart of France. From the windmills of Montmartre they took
+in the whole vast capital at a glance.
+<br>
+<a name="159d.png"></a>
+<img src="images/159d.png" alt="WINDMILLS OF MONTMARTRE.">
+<br>
+A short stay was made at a small
+hotel, where soon after their arrival they engaged &quot;a governess for the
+girls.&quot; She proved to be &quot;<!-- Page 137 --><a name="Page_137"></a>
+a furious royalist,&quot; teaching the children
+that &quot;Washington was a rebel, Lafayette a monster, and Louis XVI a
+martyr.&quot; Under the rule of returned royalists was attempted the
+exclusion of even the <i>name</i> of Bonaparte from French history. &quot;My
+girls,&quot; Cooper wrote, &quot;have shown me the history of France&mdash;officially
+prepared for schools, in which there is no sort of allusion to him.&quot;
+Their next venture was
+<!-- Page 138 --><a name="Page_138"></a>
+Hotel de Jumi&egrave;ges in a small garden, far from
+the Faubourg St. Germain, where they had an apartment of six rooms.
+<br>
+<a name="159f.png"></a>
+<img src="images/159f.png" alt="HOTEL DE JUMI&Egrave;GES.">
+<a name="159e.png"></a>
+<img src="images/159e.png" alt="THE CONVENT ST. MAUR.">
+<br>
+Cooper wrote: &quot;The two lower floors were occupied as a girls'
+boarding-school;&mdash;the reason for dwelling in it, our own daughters were
+in the school; on the second floor there was nothing but our own
+apartment.&quot; And here, next door to their nun-neighbors of the convent
+St. Maur, Cooper wrote the last pages of &quot;The Prairie.&quot; It was published
+in the autumn of 1826, by Lea and Carey, of Philadelphia.</p>
+
+<p>Cooper was very fond of walking, and to get a general idea of Paris he
+and Captain Chauncey&mdash;an old messmate and officer in the navy&mdash;made the
+circuit of the city walls, a distance of nineteen miles, in four hours.
+For two hours the captain had Cooper &quot;a little on his quarter.&quot; &quot;By this
+time,&quot; Cooper wrote, &quot;I ranged up abeam,&quot;&mdash;to find a pinching boot on
+his friend's foot. Near the finish the mate of this &quot;pinching boot&quot;
+became &quot;too large,&quot; and the captain &quot;fell fairly astern.&quot; But without
+stopping, eating, or drinking, they made the distance in four hours to a
+minute.</p>
+
+<p>Washington Irving wrote from Madrid the
+<!-- Page 139 --><a name="Page_139"></a>
+following spring: &quot;I left Paris
+before the arrival of Cooper, and regret extremely that I missed him. I
+have a great desire to make his acquaintance, for I am delighted with
+his novels. His naval scenes and characters in 'The Pilot' are
+admirable.&quot; Cooper soon became known in France by his presence at a
+dinner given by the U.S. Minister to Canning then in Paris.</p>
+
+
+<a name="164a.png"></a>
+<img align=right src="images/164a.png" alt="SIR WALTER SCOTT.">
+<p>In &quot;Bryant and His Friends&quot; General James Grant Wilson says: &quot;Scott and
+Cooper met at the Princess Galitzin's, in Paris, November, 1826; and,
+says Scott's diary, 'so the Scotch and American Lions took the field
+together.'&quot; In Miss Cooper's &quot;Pages and Pictures&quot; appears her father's
+first interview with the author of &quot;Waverley,&quot; of which Cooper wrote in
+part: &quot;Ten days after the arrival of Sir Walter Scott I ordered a
+carriage one morning. I had got as far as the lower flight to the door
+when another carriage-steps rattled, and presently a large, heavy man
+appeared in the door of the hotel. He was gray, limped a little, walking
+with a cane. We passed on the stairs, bowing. I was about to enter the
+carriage when I fancied the face and form were known to me, and it
+flashed on my mind that the visit might be to myself.
+<!-- Page 140 --><a name="Page_140"></a>
+The stranger went
+up the large stone steps, with one hand on the railing and the other on
+his cane. He was on the first landing as I stopped, and, turning, our
+eyes met. He asked in French, 'Is it Mr. Cooper that I have the honor to
+see?' 'I am, sir.' 'Oh, well then, I am Walter Scott.' I ran up, shook
+the hand he stood holding out to me cordially, and expressed my sense of
+the honor he was conferring. He told me the Princess Galitzin had been
+as good as her word and given him my address,&mdash;and cutting short
+ceremony he had driven from his hotel to my lodgings.&quot; Realizing all at
+once that he was speaking French to Cooper's English, he said: &quot;Well, I
+have been <i>parlez-vousing</i> in a way to surprise you. These Frenchmen
+have my tongue so set to their lingo I have half forgotten my own
+language,' he continued in English, and accepted my arm up the next
+flight of stairs.&quot; They had some copyright and other talk, and Sir
+Walter &quot;spoke of his works with frankness and simplicity&quot;; and as to
+proof-reading, he said he &quot;would as soon see his dinner after a hearty
+meal&quot; as to read one of his own tales&mdash;&quot;when fairly rid of it.&quot; When he
+rose to go Cooper begged he might have the
+<!-- Page 141 --><a name="Page_141"></a>
+<!-- Page 142 --><a name="Page_142"></a>
+gratification of presenting
+his wife. Sir Walter good-naturedly assented. When Mrs. Cooper and their
+nephew William Cooper were introduced, he sat some little time relating
+in Scotch dialect some anecdotes. Then his hostess remarked that the
+chair he sat in had been twice honored that day, as General Lafayette
+had not left it more than an hour before. Sir Walter was surprised,
+thinking Lafayette had gone to America to live, and observed, &quot;He is a
+great man.&quot; Two days later Sir Walter had Cooper to breakfast, where the
+Scotch bard appeared in a newly-bought silk gown, trying &quot;as hard as he
+could to make a Frenchman of himself.&quot;
+
+<a name="164b.png"></a>
+<img align=left src="images/164b.png" alt="MISS ANNE SCOTT.">
+Among others present was Miss
+Anne Scott, who was her father's traveling companion. &quot;She was in half
+mourning, and with her black eyes and jet-black hair might very well
+have passed for a French woman.&quot; Of Scott Cooper wrote: &quot;During the time
+the conversation was not led down to business, he manifested a strong
+propensity to humor.&quot; In naming their common publisher in Paris &quot;he
+quaintly termed him, with a sort of malicious fun, 'our gosling' (his
+name was Goselin), adding that he hoped at least he 'laid golden eggs.'&quot;
+Mr. Cooper was
+<!-- Page 143 --><a name="Page_143"></a>
+warmly interested in aiding Sir Walter's &quot;Waverley&quot;
+copyrights in America, and concerning their author he later wrote: &quot;In
+Auld Reekie, and among the right set, warmed, perhaps, by a glass of
+'mountain dew,' Sir Walter Scott, in his peculiar way, is one of the
+pleasantest companions the world holds.&quot; About 1830, when Cooper was
+sitting for his portrait by Madame de Mirbel, that artist&mdash;for its
+pose&mdash;asked him to look at the picture of a distinguished statesman.
+Cooper said: &quot;No, if I must look at any, it shall be at my master,&quot; and
+lifting his eyes higher they rested on a portrait of Sir Walter Scott.</p>
+
+<a name="164c.png"></a>
+<img src="images/164c.png" alt="JAMES FENIMORE COOPER.">
+<!-- Page 144 --><a name="Page_144"></a>
+
+<p>
+<a name="165.png"></a>
+<img align=right src="images/165.png" alt="PIERRE JEAN DAVID D'ANGERS.">
+One of Cooper's steadfast friends exclaimed of him:&mdash;&quot;What a love he
+cherished for superior talents in every ennobling pursuit in life!&quot; This
+characteristic no doubt led him into that day life of Pierre Jean David
+d'Angers, whose brave soul had battled its way to artistic recognition.
+In M. Henry Jouin's &quot;David d'Angers et ses Relations Litt&eacute;raires,&quot;
+Paris, 1890, appear two letter records of this master-sculptor as to
+Cooper. In that of David to Victor Pavie, November, 1826, is: &quot;Next week
+I am to dine with Cooper; I
+<!-- Page 146 --><a name="Page_146"></a><!-- Page 145 --><a name="Page_145"></a>
+shall make his bust. If you have not yet
+read his works, read them, you will find the characters vigorously
+traced.&quot; A note adds that the sculptor kept his word, and this bust of
+Cooper appeared in the &quot;Salon of 1827.&quot; Paris, March 30, 1828, David
+again writes of Cooper to Victor Pavie:&mdash;&quot;Dear friend, in speaking of
+the sea, I think of 'The Red Rover' of my good friend Cooper. Have you
+read it? It interests me much.&quot; A note adds: &quot;Without doubt the author
+had presented his new book to the sculptor,&quot; who gave to Cooper this
+bust, modeled in 1826. Mrs. Cooper thought the bust and the Jarvis
+portrait of her husband were &quot;perfect likenesses.&quot; Later on David's
+genius again found expression in a bronze medallion of his &quot;good friend
+Cooper.&quot; David has given the striking intellectual of Cooper's head of
+which an authority of that time wrote: &quot;Nature moulded it in majesty,
+yet denied it not the gentler graces that should ever adorn greatness.&quot;</p>
+
+<a name="167.png"></a>
+<img src="images/167.png" alt="JAMES FENIMORE COOPER.">
+<a name="167c.png"></a>
+<img src="images/167c.png" alt="JAMES FENIMORE COOPER.">
+<a name="167b.png"></a>
+<img src="images/167b.png" alt="MRS JAMES FENIMORE COOPER.">
+<!-- Page 147 --><a name="Page_147"></a>
+<!-- Page 148 --><a name="Page_148"></a>
+<!-- Page 149 --><a name="Page_149"></a>
+
+<p>&quot;In Paris Cooper's style of living gave his ideas of the duties and
+position of an American gentleman. In a part of the handsome Hotel de
+Jumi&egrave;ges he lived, keeping his carriage and service required by a modest
+establishment; and his doors were always open to every American who had
+claims on his society. Meanwhile nothing was allowed to break in upon
+his literary duties, for which a part of each day was set aside.&quot; So
+wrote one who became a friend staunch and true at this time in Paris. Of
+their meeting he wrote: &quot;I shall never forget the first day I saw
+Cooper. He was at good old General Lafayette's, in the little apartment
+of the rue d'Anjou,&mdash;the scene of many hallowed memories.&quot; Lafayette's
+kind heart had granted an interview to some Indians by whom a reckless
+white man was filling his purse in parading through Europe. With winning
+smile the great, good man told these visitors to return to their home
+while yet they could.
+<br>
+<a name="173a.png"></a>
+<img align=right src="images/173a.png" alt="PROF. GEORGE WASHINGTON GREEN (&quot;MR. G&quot;.)">
+Mr. G. continued: &quot;As I was gazing at this scene I
+saw a gentleman enter whose appearance called off the General's
+attention. He was in the prime of life (thirty-five), and of that vigor
+which air and manly exercise give. I had seen the heads of
+<!-- Page 150 --><a name="Page_150"></a>
+great men,
+and there were some close to me, but none with such a full, expansive
+forehead, such strong features, a mouth firm without harshness, and an
+eye whose clear gray seemed to read you at a glance while it fears not
+to let you read him in turn. 'Who is he?' I whispered to a
+grand-daughter of the General near me. 'Mr. Cooper; do you not know Mr.
+Cooper? Let me introduce you to him.' 'Cooper,' said I to myself; 'can
+it be that I am within five paces, and that there, too, are the feeble
+of the race around which his genius has shed a halo like that of Homer's
+own heros?'
+<!-- Page 151 --><a name="Page_151"></a>
+I was fresh from 'The Mohicans,' and my hand trembled as it
+met the cordial grasp of the man to whom I owed so many pleasing hours.
+I asked about the Indians. 'They are poor specimens,' said he;
+'fourth-rate at best in their own woods, and ten-times worse for the
+lives they are leading here.'&quot;<br>
+<a name="173b.png"></a>
+<img align=left src="images/173b.png" alt="P.T. DE B&Eacute;RANGER.">
+<br>
+Later, Mr. G. met the author in
+Lafayette's bed-room, and saw how warmly he was welcomed by the great
+poet B&eacute;ranger. Still later Mr. G. and Cooper met in Florence, where they
+had much fine talking and walking &quot;on calm summer evenings.&quot; Of the
+Bard-of-Avon it is noted that Cooper said: &quot;Shakespeare is my traveling
+library. To a novel-writer he is invaluable. Publishers will have
+mottoes for every chapter; I never yet turned over Shakespeare
+<!-- Page 152 --><a name="Page_152"></a>
+without
+hitting upon just what I wanted I like to take them, whenever I can,
+from our own poets. It is a compliment they have a right to, and I am
+glad when I can pay it.&quot; Concerning the author's habits, this friend
+concludes: &quot;When Cooper left his desk he left his pen on it. He came out
+into the world to hear and see what other men were doing. If they wanted
+to hear him, there he was, perfectly ready to express opinions of men or
+things. It was delightful to hear him talk about his own works, he did
+it with such a frank, fresh, manly feeling.&quot;</p>
+
+<a name="173c.png"></a>
+<img src="images/173c.png" alt="TALLEYRAND.">
+
+<!-- Page 153 --><a name="Page_153"></a>
+<a name="174a.png"></a>
+<img src="images/174a.png" alt="DUCHESSE DE BERRI.">
+
+<a name="174b.png"></a>
+<img src="images/174b.png" alt="CHARLES X of FRANCE.">
+
+<p>Among the great again was seen the ever-favored yet not &quot;gai&quot;
+Talleyrand. Of the incident Cooper noted: &quot;It is etiquette for the kings
+of France to dine in public on January 14 and on the monarch's
+f&ecirc;te-day.&quot; Wishing to see this ceremony, Mr. and Mrs. Cooper were sent
+the better of the two permissions granted for the occasion. Cooper
+describes the ceremony&mdash;the <i>entr&eacute;e</i> of Charles X: <i>&quot;Le Roi</i>, tall,
+decidedly graceful; the Dauphin to his right, the Dauphine to his left,
+and to her right the Duchess of Berri.&quot; Passing Cooper, he continues:
+&quot;Near a little gate was an old man in strictly court-dress. The long
+white hair that hung down his face, the <i>cordon bleu</i>, the lame foot,
+and the unearthly aspect made me suspect the truth,
+<!-- Page 154 --><a name="Page_154"></a>
+it was M. de
+Talleyrand as grand chamberlin, to officiate at the dinner of his
+master&quot;; whereby proving his own words: &quot;It is not enough to be some
+one,&mdash;it is needful to do something.&quot; A near Abb&eacute; whispered of
+Talleyrand to Cooper: &quot;But, sir, he is a cat, that always falls on its
+feet.&quot; Yet of Talleyrand another's record is: &quot;But if Charles Maurice
+was lame of leg&mdash;his wit was keener and more nimble than that of any man
+in Europe.&quot; Brushing past the gorgeous state-table to Mrs. Cooper, the
+author adds: &quot;She laughed, and said 'it was all very magnificent and
+amusing,' but some one had stolen her shawl!&quot;</p>
+
+<a name="175.png"></a>
+<img src="images/175.png" alt="COOPER'S SUMMER HOME, ST. OUEN, 1827">
+
+<p>Cooper was ever a home-lover. Wherever he might be in foreign lands, he
+contrived to have his own roof-tree when possible. Therefore, the summer
+of 1827 sent them from rue St. Maur to the village of St. Ouen, on the
+banks of the Seine and a league from the gates of Paris. The village
+itself was not attractive, but pleasant was the home, next to a small
+ch&acirc;teau where Madame de Sta&euml;l lived when her father, M. Necker, was in
+power. Some twenty-two spacious, well-furnished rooms this summer home
+had, in which once lived the Prince de Soubise
+<!-- Page 155 --><a name="Page_155"></a><!-- Page 156 --><a name="Page_156"></a>
+when <i>grand veneur</i> of
+Louis XV, who went there at times to eat his dinner&mdash;&quot;in what served us
+for a drawing-room,&quot; Cooper wrote. The beautiful garden of shade-trees,
+shrubbery, and flowers, within gray walls fourteen feet high, was a
+blooming paradise; and for it all&mdash;horses, cabriolet, grand
+associations&mdash;was paid two hundred dollars per month for the season of
+five.</p>
+
+<a name="178.png"></a>
+<img src="images/178.png" alt="COOPER'S TERRACE STUDY, ST. OUEN.">
+
+<p>&quot;The Red Rover&quot; was written in these three or four summer months in St.
+Ouen on the Seine, whence the author's letters tell of watching the
+moving life on the river, the merry washerwomen as they chatter, joke,
+and splash beneath his terrace; how he tried punting, and left it to
+&quot;honest Pierre,&quot; who never failed to charge him double fare, and of whom
+he tells a pretty story; how they all enjoyed the village <i>f&ecirc;tes</i>, with
+whirligigs and flying-horses, whereby the French contrive to make and
+spend a few <i>sous</i> pleasantly. &quot;I enjoy all this greatly,&quot; wrote Cooper.
+Excursions were made,&mdash;one to Montmorenci, in plain view of Paris; and
+the author explains that the Montmorenci claim to being &quot;the first
+Christian baron&quot; is of the Crusade War-Cry date and origin. His wife
+<!-- Page 157 --><a name="Page_157"></a>
+and he took all the pretty drives in their cabriolet, but later he took
+to the saddle for the out-of-field paths, where pleasant salutations
+were exchanged with kindly-hearted peasants. Of these rambles Cooper
+wrote: &quot;One of my rides is ascending Montmartre by its rear, to the
+windmills that night and day are whirling their rugged arms over the
+capital of France.&quot; Montmartre, he said, gave him a view &quot;like a glimpse
+into the pages of history.&quot; He often met royalty dashing to and from
+Paris. The king with his carriage-and-eight, attended by a dozen mounted
+men, made a royal progress truly magnificent.</p>
+
+
+<a name="178c.png"></a>
+<img src="images/178c.png" alt="THE STRUGGLE.">
+
+<p>
+<a name="178b.png"></a>
+<img align=right src="images/178b.png" alt="OLD MILL AT NEWPORT.">
+Overhanging the river at the garden side was a broad terrace which ended
+in a pleasant
+<!-- Page 158 --><a name="Page_158"></a>
+summer-house, and here many pages of the author's next
+book&mdash;&quot;The Red Rover&quot;&mdash;were written. After he left the navy, and while
+he was living in Angevine, Cooper became part owner in a
+whaling-ship,&mdash;<i>The Union</i>, of Sag Harbor. She made trips to different
+parts of the coast, and several times, for the pleasure of it, Cooper
+played skipper. Under his direction she once carried him to Newport,
+with which he was greatly pleased. He explored the old ruin there, but
+no fancy could ever persuade him to see more than a windmill in it; but
+the charm of Newport's situation, harbor, and shore
+<!-- Page 159 --><a name="Page_159"></a>
+lines lingered in
+his mind and served him for the opening and closing scenes of this work.
+<a name="182a.png"></a>
+<img align=left src="images/182a.png" alt="THE NEWPORT BOX.">
+
+After its publication he received from some Newport gentlemen the gift
+of a little box made from the keel of the <i>Endeavor</i>, Cook's famous
+exploring ship, which wound up its world-circling voyage in Newport
+harbor. On the lid of the box was a silver-plate engraving. In Cooper's
+story the &quot;Red Rover&quot; appears on this Newport scene in the height of his
+career,&mdash;an outlaw in spirit, a corsair in deed. In early life he was of
+quick mind, strong will, with culture and social position, but wildly
+passionate and wayward; and smarting under official injustice, in an
+evil hour he casts his
+<!-- Page 160 --><a name="Page_160"></a>
+lawlessness loose on the storm-tide of life. The
+voice of an elder sister, who had given something of a mother's deep
+love and tenderness to the wayward youth, falls upon his ear. Old
+memories are awakened; home feeling revives; conscience is aroused, and
+in the very hour of its greatest triumph the proud spirit bows in
+penitence,&mdash;the Rover surrenders his captives. A like change of heart
+came, through a mutual love of the birds of heaven, to a real pirate who
+chanced upon a cabin in the forest's solitude and here confessed his
+life to its inmate, Audubon, who left this &quot;striking incident&quot; a record
+in his works. However, &quot;Dick Fid, that arrant old foretop man, and his
+comrade, Negro Sip, are the true lovers of the narrative;&mdash;the last,
+indeed, is a noble creature, a hero under the skin of Congo.&quot; &quot;The Red
+Rover&quot; is all a book of the sea. In Sir Walter Scott's journal, January,
+1828, appears: &quot;I have read Cooper's new novel, 'The Red Rover.' The
+current of it rolls entirely on the ocean. Something too much of
+nautical language. It is very clever, though.&quot; Its author &quot;has often
+been idly compared to the author of 'Waverley,' but to no such heritage
+as Scott's was ever Cooper born. Alone he
+<!-- Page 161 --><a name="Page_161"></a>
+penetrated the literary
+wilderness, blazing paths for those who should come after him
+there&quot;;&mdash;and a Columbus of letters for others to follow on the sea's
+highway was he.</p>
+
+
+<p>
+<a name="182b.png"></a>
+<img align=right src="images/182b.png" alt="JOHN GIBSON LOCKHART.">
+A misprint in Lockhart's &quot;Life of Scott&quot; made his comment on Cooper most
+unfortunate by an &quot;s&quot; added to the word manner. Sir Walter's journal
+reads: &quot;This man who has shown so much genius has a good deal of manner,
+or want of manner, peculiar to his countrymen.&quot; Cooper, hurt to the
+quick for himself and his country at being rated &quot;a rude boor from the
+bookless wilds,&quot; by one he had called his &quot;sovereign&quot; in past cordial
+relations, resented this expression in his review of Lockhart's
+<!-- Page 162 --><a name="Page_162"></a>
+work
+for the <i>Knickerbocker Magazine</i>, 1838, and for so doing he was harshly
+criticised in England. October, 1864, the literary editor of <i>The
+Illustrated London News</i> wrote: &quot;I am almost inclined to agree with
+Thackeray in liking Hawkeye 'better than any of Scott's lot.' What noble
+stories those five are in which the hero is described from youth to
+age!&quot; From &quot;Thackeray in the United States,&quot; by General James Grant
+Wilson, comes: &quot;At an American dinner table&quot; (the talk was of Cooper and
+his writings) &quot;Thackeray pronounced Leatherstocking the greatest
+character created in fiction since the Don Quixote of Cervantes&quot;; and he
+thought the death scene in &quot;The Prairie,&quot; where the old trapper said
+&quot;Here!&quot; surpassing anything he had &quot;met in English literature.&quot;</p>
+
+<a name="183.png"></a>
+<img src="images/183.png" alt="NATTY'S LAST CALL">
+
+<p>Of Natty's answer to the Spirit Land call Cooper's own words are: &quot;The
+trapper was placed on a rude seat, which had been made, with studied
+care, to support his frame in an upright and easy attitude&mdash;so as to let
+the light of the setting sun fall full upon the solemn features. His
+head was bare, the long, thin locks of gray fluttering lightly in the
+evening breeze. The
+<!-- Page 163 --><a name="Page_163"></a>
+first glance of the eye told his former friends
+that the old man was at length called upon to pay the last tribute of
+nature. The trapper had remained nearly motionless for an hour. His eyes
+alone had occasionally opened and shut. When opened, his gaze seemed
+fastened on the clouds which hung around the western horizon, reflecting
+the bright colors, and giving form and loveliness to the glorious tints
+of an American sunset. The hour&mdash;the calm beauty of the season&mdash;the
+occasion, all conspired to fill the spectators with solemn awe.
+Suddenly, while musing on the remarkable position in which he was
+placed, Middleton felt the hand which he held grasp his own with
+incredible power, and the old man, supported on either side by his
+friends, rose upright
+<!-- Page 164 --><a name="Page_164"></a>
+to his feet. For a moment he looked about him, as
+if to invite all in presence to listen (the lingering remnant of human
+frailty), and then, with a fine military elevation of the head, and with
+a voice that might be heard in every part of that numerous assembly, he
+pronounced the word&mdash;'Here!'</p>
+
+<p>&quot;When Middleton and Hard Heart, each of whom had involuntarily extended
+a hand to support the form of the old man, turned to him again, they
+found that the subject of their interest was removed forever beyond the
+necessity of their care.&quot;</p>
+
+<p><a name="186.png"></a>
+<img align=right src="images/186.png" alt="THE PRINCESS BARBARA VASSILIEWNA GALITZIN.">
+Concerning social life Cooper wrote: &quot;Taking into consideration our
+tastes and my health, the question has been, not how to get into, but
+how to keep out of, the great world.&quot; But for the happy chance of
+inquiry at the gate of a friend, the author would &quot;have dined with the
+French Lord-High-Chancellor, without the smallest suspicion of who he
+was!&quot; Of French women Cooper adds: &quot;The highest style of French beauty
+is classical. I cannot recall a more lovely picture than the Duchess
+de&mdash;&mdash;[this title and blank are said to veil the identity of the
+Princess Galitzin] in full dress at a
+<!-- Page 165 --><a name="Page_165"></a>
+carnival ball, where she shone
+peerless among hundreds of the <i>&eacute;lite</i> of Europe. And yet this woman was
+a grandmother!&quot;</p>
+
+
+<p>In a letter dated Paris, November 28, 1826, written by Mrs. Cooper to
+her sister, appears of Mr. Cooper:&mdash;&quot;They make quite a Lion of him and
+Princesses write to him and he has invitations from Lords and Ladies. He
+has so many notes from the Princess Galitzin I should be
+<!-- Page 166 --><a name="Page_166"></a>
+absolutely
+jealous were it not that she is a Grandmother. We were at a Soir&eacute;e there
+the other evening among Dutchesses, Princesses, Countesses, etc.&quot;</p>
+
+<a name="187.png"></a>
+<img src="images/187.png" alt="LA GRANGE, COUNTRY HOME OF LAFAYETTE.">
+
+<a name="187b.png"></a>
+<img src="images/187b.png" alt="LA GRANGE ARCHWAY ENTRANCE.">
+
+<p>Once with and twice without Mrs. Cooper, the author visited La Grange,
+the country home of General Lafayette, some twenty-seven miles from
+Paris and near Rosay. He tells us that La Grange means barn, granary, or
+farm, and that the ch&acirc;teau came to Lafayette through his wife; that it
+had some five hundred acres of wood, pasture, meadow, and cultivated
+land; that the house is of hewn stone, good grayish color, with its five
+plain, round towers and their high, pyramidal slate roofs making a part
+of the walls; that the end towers are buried in ivy planted by Charles
+Fox. He tells how small, irregular windows open beautifully through the
+thick foliage for the blooming faces of children, in their home-part of
+La Grange. He gives rare pictures of the great stairway, the General's
+bed-room, cabinet, and library in the tower-angle overlooking the
+willow-shaded moat. Beneath this library was the author's own bed-room.
+Then came the array of drawing-rooms and innumerable other rooms, where
+hospitality
+<!-- Page 168 --><a name="Page_168"></a><!-- Page 167 --><a name="Page_167"></a>
+seemed to know no limit. Lafayette's cabinet contained
+many portraits,&mdash;one of Madame de Sta&euml;l, and one of his own father. Of
+this room, and the library, and his grand old host Cooper wrote: &quot;I
+passed much of our visit alone with him in these two rooms. No one can
+be pleasanter in private, and he is full of historical anecdotes that he
+tells with great simplicity and frequently with great humor.&quot; The
+ch&acirc;teau stands on three sides of an irregular square, and is one of the
+most picturesque structures in the country. The winding road enters a
+thicket of evergreens, crosses a bridge, and passes beneath an arch to
+the paved court. Together, Cooper and his host had many walks and drives
+thereabouts, and, all in all, the author fell under the spell of
+Lafayette's personal charm and his simple integrity of character.
+Between Lafayette's richness of years and Talleyrand's old age there was
+a gulf,&mdash;one had attained nearly everything worth striving for; the
+other had lost the same.</p>
+
+<a name="189.png"></a>
+<img src="images/189.png" alt="H&Ocirc;TEL DESSEIN, CALAIS, FRANCE.">
+
+<p>Cooper and his family entered France July, 1826, and February, 1828,
+they thought the time had come to change the scene, and proceeded to
+England. &quot;I drove around to the rue d'Anjou
+<!-- Page 169 --><a name="Page_169"></a>
+to take my leave of General
+Lafayette,&quot; wrote Cooper. To Calais they had rain and chill and darkness
+most of the way. Passing through the gate, they drove to the inn
+immortalized by Lawrence Sterne and Beau Brummel, where they found
+English comfort with French cooking and French taste. One of February's
+fine days they left the Hotel Dessein to embark for England.
+After a
+two-hours' run the cliffs of Dover appeared on each side of that
+port,&mdash;the nearest to the continent,&mdash;making these chalk cliffs seem,
+Cooper says, &quot;a magnificent gateway to a great nation.&quot;<br>
+<a name="193a.png"></a>
+<img src="images/193a.png" alt="CLIFFS OF DOVER.">
+<br>
+Leaving the
+fishing-boats of the French coast, &quot;the lofty canvas
+<!-- Page 170 --><a name="Page_170"></a>
+of countless ships
+and several Indiamen rose from the sea,&quot; as they shot towards the
+English shore, many &quot;bound to that focus of coal-smoke, London.&quot;
+Quietly
+landing at Dover-haven, they went to Wright's tavern, where they missed
+the French manner, mirrors, and table-service, but &quot;got in their place a
+good deal of solid, unpretending comfort.&quot; In due time Mr. Wright put
+them and their luggage into a comfortable post-coach, and on the road he
+called &quot;quite rotten, sir,&quot; to London. To Americans, at that date, the
+road proved good, and also the horses that made the sixteen miles to
+Canterbury in an hour and a half, where
+<!-- Page 171 --><a name="Page_171"></a>
+they drove to another Mr.
+Wright's; going to four of the name between Dover and London, Cooper
+concluded with an apology that &quot;it was literally all Wright on this
+road.&quot;<br>
+<a name="193c.png"></a>
+<img src="images/193c.png" alt="GREEN GATE, CANTERBURY.">
+<a name="193b.png"></a>
+<img src="images/193b.png" alt="CANTERBURY CATHEDRAL CHOIR.">
+<br>The visit to Canterbury cathedral was made during &quot;morning
+vespers in the choir. It sounded odd to hear our own beautiful service
+in our own tongue, in such a place, after the <i>Latin</i> chants of canons;
+and we stood listening with reverence without the screen.&quot; London met
+them &quot;several miles in the suburbs down the river,&quot;
+<!-- Page 172 --><a name="Page_172"></a>
+but they suddenly
+burst out onto Waterloo bridge, over which they were whirled into the
+Strand and set down at Wright's hotel, Adam Street, Adelphi; &quot;and,&quot;
+wrote Cooper, &quot;we were soon refreshing ourselves with some of worthy
+Mrs. Wright's excellent tea.&quot;</p>
+
+<p>The second night in London Cooper, stretched out on a sofa, was reading,
+when some street musicians began to play beneath his window several
+tunes without success; &quot;finally,&quot; he wrote, &quot;the rogues contrived, after
+all, to abstract half a crown from my pocket by suddenly striking up
+'Yankee Doodle!'&quot; After some hunting they took a small house in St.
+James Place, which gave them &quot;a tiny drawing-room, a dining-room, three
+bed-rooms, offices, and house-service
+<!-- Page 173 --><a name="Page_173"></a>
+for a guinea per day.&quot; A guinea
+more weekly was added for their three fires, and their own maid and man
+gave personal service during this London season. Of his man-servant
+Cooper wrote: &quot;The English footman I engaged is a steady, little, old
+man, with a red face and a powdered poll, who appears in black breeches
+and coat, but who says himself that his size has marred his fortune. He
+is cockney born, about fifty; quality and splendor act forcibly on his
+imagination, and he is much condemned in the houses where I visit on
+account of his dwarfish stature&quot;; and we are told that the English favor
+pretty faces for their maids and fine figures for their footmen.</p>
+
+<a name="194.png"></a>
+<img src="images/194.png" alt="ST. JAMES PLACE, LONDON.">
+<br>
+<a name="197b.png"></a>
+<img src="images/197b.png" alt="SAMUEL ROGERS.">
+
+<a name="197a.png"></a>
+<img src="images/197a.png" alt="SIR FRANCIS CHANTREY.">
+
+<p><!-- Page 174 --><a name="Page_174"></a>
+To a Mr. Spencer whom Cooper met in France was due the visit soon paid
+him by his near neighbor, the author of the &quot;Pleasures of Memory.&quot; Of
+Samuel Rogers Cooper wrote: &quot;He very kindly sought me out&quot;; and, &quot;few
+men have a more pleasant way of saying pleasant things.&quot; His visit was
+followed by an invitation to breakfast the next morning. Cooper
+continues: &quot;It was but a step from my door, and you may be certain I was
+punctual.&quot; He found the poet's home perfection for a bachelor's needs;
+only eighteen feet front, but the drawing-room and dining-room were
+lined with old masters. And in the bow-window stood the &quot;Chantrey Vase,&quot;
+placed by its maker when artist workman
+<!-- Page 176 --><a name="Page_176"></a>
+<!-- Page 175 --><a name="Page_175"></a>
+in the room where he later
+dined as Chantrey the sculptor and Rogers' honored guest.
+<br>
+
+<a name="197c.png"></a>
+<img src="images/197c.png" alt="ROGERS' LONDON HOME.">
+
+<a name="197d.png"></a>
+<img src="images/197d.png" alt="ROGERS' BREAKFAST ROOM.">
+<br>
+The library
+was filled with valuable books and curiosities in history, literature,
+and art. Of this poet's dream-home Cooper wrote: &quot;Neither he nor any one
+else has a right to live in so exquisite a house and expect everybody to
+hold their tongues about it. Taking the house, the host, the mental
+treats he dispenses, the company, and the tone, it is not easy to
+conceive of anything better in their way. Commend me in every respect to
+the delicious breakfasts of St. James Place!&quot; On one occasion, &quot;Rogers,
+talking of Washington Irving's 'Columbus,' said, 'in his airy,
+significant way,' as Moore called it, 'It's rather long.' Cooper turned
+round on him and said sharply, 'That's a short criticism.'&quot; This
+banker-poet could be severe on his English friends too, as it appears
+&quot;Lady Holland was always lamenting that she had nothing to do. One day,
+complaining worse than ever that she did not know 'what to be at,'&quot; said
+Rogers, &quot;I could not resist recommending her to try a novelty&mdash;try and
+do a little good.&quot;</p>
+
+<a name="202c.png"></a>
+<img src="images/202c.png" alt="HOLLAND HOUSE.">
+
+<a name="202e.png"></a>
+<img src="images/202e.png" alt="GILT CHAMBER OF HOLLAND HOUSE.">
+
+<p>Through Samuel Rogers Cooper was soon
+<!-- Page 177 --><a name="Page_177"></a>
+dining at Holland House, in the
+much-carved and gilded room where Sully and embassy supped in 1603. By a
+word to the porter, Sir James Mackintosh had planned a pleasant
+half-hour for his American friend in the gardens,
+<!-- Page 178 --><a name="Page_178"></a>
+where was Rogers'
+seat, and then in the library on the second floor, where he saw its
+each-end tables. The generous space between is said to have been paced
+by &quot;Addison when composing,&quot; and his inspiration quickened by kindly
+&quot;bottles placed on them for that purpose.&quot;
+<br>
+<a name="202b.png"></a>
+<img src="images/202b.png" alt="SIR JAMES MACKINTOSH.">
+
+<a name="202a.png"></a>
+<img src="images/202a.png" alt="CHARLES ROBERT LESLIE.">
+
+<a name="202d.png"></a>
+<img src="images/202d.png" alt="LIBRARY OF HOLLAND HOUSE.">
+<br>
+The artist Charles Robert
+Leslie caught a rare glimpse on canvas of this library, in which appear
+his friends Lord and Lady Holland, who were also the host and hostess of
+Fenimore Cooper. We are told by him that the dining-table was square;
+that the host had one corner
+<!-- Page 179 --><a name="Page_179"></a>
+and the hostess the centre; and the
+American author, &quot;as the stranger, had the honor of a seat next to Lady
+Holland.&quot; When talking, he was offered by her a plate of herring, of
+which he frankly avowed he &quot;ought to have eaten one, even to the fins
+and tail&quot;; but little dreaming of their international worth just then,
+the herring were declined. With good humor his hostess said: &quot;You do not
+know what you say; they are <i>Dutch</i>.&quot; With some vigor of look and tone
+Cooper repeated&mdash;&quot;Dutch!&quot; The reply was: &quot;Yes, Dutch; we can only get
+them <i>through an ambassador</i>.&quot;
+<!-- Page 180 --><a name="Page_180"></a>
+Then Cooper rose to the occasion by
+replying: &quot;There are too many good things of native production to
+require a voyage to Holland on my account.&quot; Of their host Rogers' record
+was: &quot;Lord Holland always comes down to breakfast like a man upon whom
+sudden good fortune had just fallen&mdash;his was the smile that spoke the
+mind at ease.&quot; And after his death were found on Lord Holland's
+dressing-table, and in his handwriting, these lines on himself:</p>
+
+<div class="poem"><div class="stanza">
+<span>Nephew of Fox and friend of Gay,<br></span>
+<span class="i2">Enough my meed of fame<br></span>
+<span>If those who deighn'd to observe me say<br></span>
+<span class="i2">I injured neither name.<br></span>
+</div></div>
+
+<a name="201.png"></a>
+<img src="images/201.png" alt="ROGERS' SEAT.">
+
+<div class="poem"><div class="stanza">
+<span>&quot;Here Rogers sat, and here forever dwell<br></span>
+<span>With me, those Pleasures that he sang so well.&quot;<br></span>
+</div></div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 181 --><a name="Page_181"></a>
+After dining at Lord Grey's Cooper wrote of him: &quot;He on all occasions
+acted as if he never thought of national differences&quot;; and the author
+thought him &quot;the man of most character in his set.&quot; We are told that
+England is the country of the wealthy, and that the king is seldom seen,
+although the royal start from St. James for Windsor was seen and
+described as going off &quot;at a slapping pace.&quot;</p>
+
+<a name="202f.png"></a>
+<img src="images/202f.png" alt="LORD GREY.">
+<a name="202g.png"></a>
+<img src="images/202g.png" alt="MRS. JOHN GIBSON LOCKHART.">
+<a name="204b.png"></a>
+<img src="images/204b.png" alt="SIR THOMAS LAWRENCE.">
+<p>But it was in that dreamland of Rogers' that Cooper's heart found its
+greatest joy. There
+<!-- Page 182 --><a name="Page_182"></a>
+he met the artists,&mdash;Sir Thomas Lawrence, handsome
+and well-mannered; Leslie, mild, caring little for aught save his tastes
+and affections; and Newton, who &quot;thinks himself&quot; English. Here, dining,
+he meets again Sir Walter Scott, his son-in-law and later biographer,
+Mr. Lockhart, Sir Walter's daughters, Mrs. Lockhart and Miss Anne Scott.
+He says Mrs. Lockhart &quot;is just the woman to have success in Paris, by
+her sweet, simple manners.&quot; He had a stately chat with Mrs. Siddons, and
+Sir James Mackintosh he called &quot;the best talker I have ever seen; the
+only man I have yet met in England who appears to have any clear or
+definite notions of us.&quot; Rare indeed were these
+<!-- Page 183 --><a name="Page_183"></a>
+flash-lights of genius
+that Samuel Rogers charmed to his &quot;feasts of reason and flow of soul.&quot;</p>
+
+<a name="204a.png"></a>
+<img src="images/204a.png" alt="JOANNA BAILLIE.">
+
+<p>With Mr. Southby Cooper went to see Coleridge at Highgate, where, he
+says, &quot;our reception was frank and friendly, the poet coming out to meet
+us in his morning-gown. I rose to take a nearer view of a little
+picture, when Mr. Coleridge told me it was by his friend Allston.&quot; From
+the bard of Highgate they went to see Miss Joanna Baillie at Hampstead,
+and found her &quot;a little, quiet woman, a deeply-seated earnestness about
+her that bespoke the higher impulses within; no one would have thought
+her little person contained the elements of a tragedy.&quot;</p>
+
+<a name="204c.png"></a>
+<img src="images/204c.png" alt="HOUSE OF THE GILLMAN'S, HIGHGATE, LONDON">
+
+<p>An Amsterdam engagement for early June called Cooper and his family from
+London
+<!-- Page 184 --><a name="Page_184"></a>
+before the end of the season, and prompted him to say, &quot;The
+force of things has moved heavier bodies.&quot; Quitting England was by no
+means easy, but &quot;the weather was fine and the North Sea smooth as a
+dish.&quot; They paddled the whole night long in their &quot;solid good vessel,
+but slow of foot.&quot; With morning &quot;a low spit of land hove in sight, and a
+tree or a church tower&quot; rose out of the water,&mdash;this was Holland. At
+Rotterdam &quot;the boat was soon alongside the Boom Key.&quot;
+<br>
+<a name="205.png"></a>
+<img src="images/205.png" alt="BOOM KEY AT ROTTERDAM">
+<br>
+With some
+fluttering about the dykes and windmills of Dutchland, a flight through
+Belgium soon brought them once more to Paris.</p>
+
+<p>Cooper was a keen observer and a calm critic of both home and foreign
+folk. That he was
+<!-- Page 185 --><a name="Page_185"></a>
+stirred to strong words by unpleasing comments on his
+country appears in his &quot;Notions of Americans: Picked up by a Traveling
+Bachelor.&quot; This book of facts, showing wide and accurate knowledge, was
+intended to enlighten and clear away mistakes. Instead of this, it drew
+upon its writer critical fire both at home and abroad, and was the first
+of the many shadows of his after life. His stories of our new country
+taught Europe more about America than Europe had ever learned before.
+His love for, and faith in, his own country were strong. Abroad he was a
+staunch defender of her free institutions, and foreigners deemed him
+more proud of his American birth than of his literary birthright of
+genius; and yet, at home he was voted &quot;an enemy of all that the fathers
+of the Republic fought for.&quot; However, the opinion of those who knew
+Cooper best was given by his Bread and Cheese Club friend, Dr. John
+Wakefield Francis, as,&mdash;&quot;He was an American inside and out&mdash;a thorough
+patriot.&quot; It was said that as an aristocratic American he never
+presented letters of introduction. Yet in foreign lands his society was
+sought by the most distinguished men of his time. However of this, the
+rare pleasure
+<!-- Page 186 --><a name="Page_186"></a>
+of these London days he ever held in warm remembrance.</p>
+
+<p>Flying from the summer heat of Paris, the family soon left for
+Switzerland with a team of sturdy Norman horses, a postilion riding the
+near beast. It slipped and fell, rolled over and caught its rider's leg
+beneath, but was saved its breaking by the make of his old-fashioned
+boot, &quot;so with a wry face and a few <i>sacr-r-r-es,</i> he limped back to his
+saddle.&quot;</p>
+
+<p>In their salon of the inn at Avallon were curious emblem pictures of
+different nationalities: one a <i>belle</i> of fair hair; another a <i>belle</i>
+of raven locks; a third a <i>belle</i> of brown ringlets;&mdash;all these for
+Europe; but for the United States was &quot;a <i>wench</i> as black as coal!&quot; So
+thought Switzerland of us in the days of 1828. One lovely day Cooper
+&quot;persuaded A. to share&quot; his seat on the carriage-box. Rounding a ruin
+height &quot;she exclaimed, 'What a beautiful cloud!' In the direction of her
+finger I saw,&quot; wrote Cooper, &quot;a mass that resembled the highest wreath
+of a cloud; its whiteness greatly surpassed the brilliancy of vapor. I
+called to the postilion and pointed out the object. '<i>Mont Blanc,</i>
+Monsieur!' It was an inspiration when
+<!-- Page 187 --><a name="Page_187"></a>
+seventy miles by an air line from
+it. This first view of the hoary Alps always makes a thrilling moment.&quot;</p>
+<a name="208.png"></a>
+<img src="images/208.png" alt="MONT BLANC">
+<p>Later came morning rides and evening strolls. The modest stone
+country-house which they took for economy and the author's love of quiet
+home-life was <i>La Lorraine</i>, and belonged to the Count de Portales of
+Neufch&acirc;tel. There was a high field near, where, one day, when Mr. Cooper
+was teaching his little son Paul the &quot;mysteries of flying a kite,&quot; they
+caught the rare fleeting glimpse of a glittering glacier. <i>La Lorraine,</i>
+only half a mile from Berne, is noted as &quot;one of the pretty little
+retired villas that dot the landscape,&quot; with &quot;the sinuous Aar glancing
+between&quot; it and the town. The trim
+<!-- Page 188 --><a name="Page_188"></a>
+little garden and half-ruined
+fountain were well shaded by trees, and the adjoining farmhouse and
+barn-yard, all Swiss, made a fine playground for the children's summer
+holiday. The house and its furniture they found &quot;faultlessly neat.&quot;
+There was a near-by common where hoops, rope-jumping, and kites could be
+enjoyed. From this point and the cottage windows &quot;was a very beautiful
+view of the Alps&mdash;an unfailing source of delight, especially during the
+evening hours.&quot;
+<br>
+<a name="210a.png"></a>
+<img src="images/210a.png" alt="LA LORRAINE VIEW OF BERNESE ALPS.">
+<br>
+Cooper has given some fine descriptions of their life in
+the glow of this Alpine country; of harvest-time and mountain gleaners.
+He tells of a visit to Hindelbank to see the sculptor Nahl's wondrous
+idealism in stone, which represents a young mother, the pastor's wife,
+and her babe.
+<!-- Page 189 --><a name="Page_189"></a>
+The infant lies in passive innocence on its mother's
+bosom, while her face is radiant with the light of a holy joy on the
+resurrection morn. Her hand is slightly raised in reverent greeting of
+her Redeemer. Of this work Cooper writes: &quot;I take it to be the most
+sublime production of its kind in the world.&quot; And they found it in &quot;one
+of the very smallest, humblest churches in Europe.&quot;</p>
+
+<a name="210b.png"></a>
+<img src="images/210b.png" alt="NAHL'S MEMORIAL TO MADAME LANGHAN.">
+<p>
+In the small, uncarpeted study of <i>La Lorraine</i> a new book was planned
+and begun. For the story's setting the author's mind turned to the
+far-away, new home-country, and early frontier life in Connecticut.
+<br>
+
+<a name="212b.png"></a>
+<img src="images/212b.png" alt="CONNECTICUT EMIGRANTS.">
+<br>
+<a name="212a.png"></a>
+<img align=right src="images/212a.png" alt="NARRA-MATTAH.">
+There he brought the transatlantic Puritan and the North American Indian
+together&mdash;the strong, stern Puritan family affection in close contact
+with the red-man's
+<!-- Page 190 --><a name="Page_190"></a>
+savage cruelty, dignity, and his adoption of a white
+child. A fair-haired little girl is torn from her mother and cared for
+by a young Indian chief, once a captive in the white settlement. Years
+pass over the bereaved family, when an Indian outbreak restores the lost
+child to her parents' roof as &quot;Narra-Mattah,&quot; the devoted wife of a
+Narraganset warrior-chief, and the young mother of his little son. This
+book draws a strong picture of pure family devotion; even the old
+grandfather's heart, beneath his stiff Puritan garb, beats an
+unforgettable part. Sorrow for the lost child gave the story its
+name&mdash;&quot;The Wept of Wish-ton-Wish&quot; (then thought to mean in the Indian
+language, &quot;Place of the Whip-poor-will&quot;)<!-- Page 191 --><a name="Page_191"></a>
+and it has been said to
+describe the settlement of the Fenimore family in America.</p>
+
+<p>Many and interesting were their excursions. One was to Interlachen, with
+its glimpse of the Jungfrau, and the Lauterbrunnen valleys &quot;full of
+wonder and delight.&quot; At Lauterbrunnen they walked to the famous Falls of
+<i>Staubbach</i>, which Cooper describes and explains as meaning &quot;Torrents of
+Dust.&quot;</p>
+
+<a name="214.png"></a>
+<img src="images/214.png" alt="FALL OF THE STAUBBACH">
+<p>As the summer had fled autumn winds began to whistle through the lindens
+of <i>La Lorraine</i>, and the snow began to fall upon its pretty garden,
+warning the author to fly south with his fledglings and their mother
+before the Alpine
+<!-- Page 192 --><a name="Page_192"></a>
+passes were closed by real winter. Cooper resigned
+the consulate at Lyons, which was given him solely &quot;to avoid the
+appearance of going over to the enemy&quot; while abroad. A carriage and two
+servitors were engaged. One of these, Caspar, had his soldiering under
+the first Napoleon, and many were the camp tales he had to tell in a way
+to please his employers. At the old town of Alstetten, with painted
+wooden houses at the foot of the Am Stoss, they arrived, more than ready
+for breakfast, which was somewhat delayed because, said Cooper, &quot;our
+German was by no means classical; and English, Italian, and French were
+all Hebrew to the good people of the inn.&quot; It was &quot;easy to make
+<!-- Page 193 --><a name="Page_193"></a>
+the
+hostess understand that we <i>wished</i> to eat,&mdash;but <i>what</i> would we eat? In
+this crisis I bethought me of a long-neglected art, and crowed like a
+cock. The shrill strain hardly reached the ear of the good woman before
+it was answered by such laughter as none but village lungs could raise.
+William&mdash;an admirable mimic&mdash;began to cackle like a hen. In due time we
+had a broiled fowl, an <i>omelette</i>, and boiled eggs.&quot; At another place
+where they stopped for mid-day luncheon Cooper writes: &quot;We asked for a
+fruit-tart, and&mdash;odors and nosegays!&mdash;they gave us one made of onions,
+which they thought very good fruit in its way, and we ate exactly as
+much as we wished.&quot;</p>
+
+<a name="216a.png"></a>
+<img src="images/216a.png" alt="THE DEVIL'S BRIDGE.">
+<p>&quot;The baths of Pf&auml;ffer,&quot; he wrote &quot;in my own unworthy person have wrought
+a sudden and wondrous cure&quot;; and of his visit to the Devil's Bridge over
+the Reuss: &quot;We entered a gorge between frightful rocks, where the river
+was fretting and struggling to get in before us.&quot; From the yawning mouth
+of a gloomy cave came the tinkling bells of pack-horses to Italy by the
+St. Gothard. To the roar of the river and the rushing of winds without
+they plunged through this dark &quot;Hole of Uri,&quot; which brought them to
+<!-- Page 195 --><a name="Page_195"></a><!-- Page 194 --><a name="Page_194"></a>
+a
+rugged rock-rift pass with but a thread of heaven's blue far above them;
+and here &quot;a slight, narrow bridge of a single arch spanned the gorge
+with a hardihood that caused one to shudder.&quot; Its slender, unrailed,
+fifteen feet of width was eighty of span, and one hundred above the
+boiling torrent that fell on broken rocks below, and over it; wrote
+Cooper: &quot;The wind blew so furiously that I really wished for a rope to
+hold on by. This was the far-famed Devil's Bridge; other bridges may
+have been built by imps, but Be&euml;lzebub himself had a hand in this.&quot;</p>
+
+<a name="216b.png"></a>
+<img src="images/216b.png" alt="FERNEY, VOLTAIRE'S LAZE LEMAN HOME.">
+<p>They enjoyed the beauty of Lake Geneva, and were charmed by the
+attractions of &quot;Ferney,&quot; Voltaire's home on Leman's shore, and enjoyed
+<!-- Page 196 --><a name="Page_196"></a>
+the solemn gorge-valley of the Rhone, and through the Simplon passed
+into fair Italy.
+<br>
+<a name="218a.png"></a>
+<img src="images/218a.png" alt="THE SIMPLON PASS.">
+<br>
+As they &quot;drew near a small chapel in a rock Casper
+flourished his whip, calling out the word
+<!-- Page 197 --><a name="Page_197"></a>'Italia!' I pulled off my hat
+in reverence,&quot; wrote the author. Down the steep mountains, over bridged
+torrents, past the hill-towns and valley-lands, they came to the City of
+the Lily,&mdash;fair Florence of the Arno. &quot;As early as 1829,&quot; Cooper
+thought, &quot;the unification of Italy was irresistible.&quot;</p>
+
+<a name="218b.png"></a>
+<img src="images/218b.png" alt="FLORENCE, ITALY.">
+<a name="218c.png"></a>
+<img src="images/218c.png" alt="PALAZZO RICASOLI, FLORENCE, ITALY.">
+<p>In Florence a home was soon found in the Palazzo Ricasoli, Via del
+Cocomero. Lofty of ceiling&mdash;twenty feet&mdash;was their apartment, in which
+they enjoyed &quot;two noble bed-rooms, several smaller ones, a large
+drawing-room, dining-room, baths, a small court and garden within the
+iron gates, and all for the modest sum of sixty dollars per month.&quot; The
+oil burned in
+<!-- Page 198 --><a name="Page_198"></a>
+their lamps the home-folk &quot;would be happy to use on their
+salads.&quot; Here, around the cheering glow of great wood-fires, the
+American author would gather his friends, old and new. From Otsego days
+a blazing hearth-stone ever rejoiced his cheery nature, and his way of
+laying the wood and nursing the flames horrified his Italian servants as
+waste of fuel. The chill of the <i>tra montana</i> brought into this circle
+of warmth and light many eminent foreigners; and of home-country folk,
+that true American, Horatio Greenough, often basked in the bright glow
+of the author's wood-fires at Florence.</p>
+
+<p>Later Greenough wrote: &quot;Fenimore Cooper saved me from despair after my
+return to Italy. He employed me as I wish to be employed; and up to this
+moment has been a father to me.&quot; Greenough's last work was a bust of his
+illustrious friend, the American novelist, which he proposed to cast in
+bronze, at his own expense, and place in the field where stands the Old
+Mill in Newport, and where the opening scene of &quot;The Red Rover&quot; is laid.
+He took counsel with Cooper's friends as to a monument to the author,
+and among his papers was found an elaborate design for the work.</p>
+
+<!-- Page 199 --><a name="Page_199"></a>
+
+<a name="220.png"></a>
+<img src="images/220.png" alt="HORATIO GREENOUGH.">
+<a name="221.png"></a>
+<img src="images/221.png" alt="BUST OF JAMES FENIMORE COOPER.">
+<p>Cooper loved to encourage rising talent in young artists. He gave them
+orders, and also his cheering sympathy. One of these wrote that Cooper
+gave him a free letter-of-credit on his banker in Paris, and added: &quot;I
+had occasion to use it more than once, and my drafts were always
+cheerfully accepted. Since then I have paid him, though he never would
+have asked for the money; nobody but he and I ever knew of the
+transaction.&quot; A Boston man writes of his visit to the Florence studio of
+Greenough: &quot;My
+<!-- Page 200 --><a name="Page_200"></a>
+eye fell upon a bust which awakened sea and forest
+pictures,&mdash;the spars of an elegant craft, the lofty figure of a hunter,
+the dignified bearing of a mysterious pilot.&quot; It was the bust of
+Fenimore Cooper. Of the sculptor it was noted that &quot;he always referred
+with emotion to the gleam of sunshine which encouraged him at this
+crisis, in the friendship of our late renowned novelist, Cooper.&quot;</p>
+
+<p>In the Pitti one day they passed before Raphael's <i>Madonna del Trono</i>,
+and the sculptor pointed out to his companion the fine drawing in the
+two little angel figures of the foreground, in the act of singing.
+Cooper asked if the subject would not lend itself to sculpture;
+<!-- Page 201 --><a name="Page_201"></a>
+afterwards one of his daughters copied the figures, and the result of
+the mutual interest in the design was an order from Cooper for a group
+which in a few months Greenough executed in marble. It was exhibited in
+America under the title of &quot;The Chanting Cherubs.&quot; It was Cooper's
+&quot;Chanting Cherubs&quot;&mdash;the first group of its kind from an American chisel
+&mdash;that led to Greenough's order for the statue of Washington, and
+inspired the pen of Richard Henry Dana to write:</p>
+
+<div class="poem"><div class="stanza">
+<a name="224a.png"></a>
+<img align=right src="images/224a.png" alt="CHANTING CHERUBS.">
+<span>Whence came ye, cherubs? from the moon?<br></span>
+<span class="i2">Or from some shining star?<br></span>
+<span>Ye, sure, are sent a blessed boon,<br></span>
+<span class="i2">From kinder worlds afar;<br></span>
+<span>For while I look my heart is all delight:<br></span>
+<span>Earth hath no creatures half so pure and bright.<br></span>
+</div></div>
+
+<!-- Page 202 --><a name="Page_202"></a>
+<!-- Page 203 --><a name="Page_203"></a>
+<p>Later on Greenough came to them &quot;all booted and bearded beyond
+recognition&quot; save in &quot;his walk and his talk.&quot;</p>
+
+<p>During Cooper's later American press troubles his close friend,
+Greenough, wrote him: &quot;You lose your hold on the American public with
+rubbing down their skins with brick-bats.&quot; And yet, during Greenough's
+dark days, he said: &quot;What is the use of blowing up bladders for
+posterity to jump upon for the mere pleasure of hearing them crack?&quot; The
+author's keen delight in architecture, sculpture, and painting then gave
+him daily pleasure in the churches, palaces, and art-galleries of <i>Bella
+Firenzi</i>. Familiar from youth with his father's engravings of antique
+sculpture subjects, he writes of his first glimpses of the originals in
+the Pitti: &quot;I stood, hat in hand, involuntarily bowing to the circle of
+marble figures that surrounded me.&quot;</p>
+
+<a name="224c.png"></a>
+<img src="images/224c.png" alt="PITTI PALACE, FLORENCE, Italy, 1828.">
+<p>
+<a name="224b.png"></a>
+<img align=right src="images/224b.png" alt="LEOPOLD II, GRAND DUKE OF TUSCANY.">
+Attired in &quot;a black coat, breeches, and vest with steel buttons, lace
+frills and ruff, a sword and a dress-hat,&quot; our author was presented at
+the brilliant Tuscan Court. Grand Duke Leopold II left on Cooper's mind
+a strong impression of integrity of character; his simplicity and
+justice were borne out in his greeting: &quot;They
+<!-- Page 204 --><a name="Page_204"></a>
+tell me you are the
+author of many books, but as it has never been my good fortune to meet
+with them, I can say no more on this subject than that I have heard them
+well spoken of by those who have.&quot; Cooper was asked &quot;a hundred questions
+as to America,&quot; and assured of the prince's pleasure in seeing him at
+court and his being in Tuscany. When leaving Florence Cooper paid his
+parting respects at the Pitti in an hour's pleasant converse, and then
+presented the Grand Duke with a copy of &quot;The Wept of Wish-ton-Wish,&quot;
+printed in his city of the Arno. Here Cooper and his family had some gay
+carnival days with their various friends. Among
+<!-- Page 205 --><a name="Page_205"></a>
+them was the Count St.
+Leu, son of Queen Hortense and King Louis of Holland, and the author's
+sometimes host, and &quot;one of the handsomest men of his age&quot; that Cooper
+ever met. We are told of the Count: &quot;He lived in good style, having a
+fine villa where I dined lately, and a palace in town.&quot; By those nearest
+him he was addressed &quot;your Majesty,&quot; and held some &quot;little show&quot; of
+royalty. Princess Charlotte, his wife, and daughter of Joseph Bonaparte,
+the author also knew. He met Madame M&egrave;re, who is described as &quot;a slight
+old lady, with little remains of beauty except fine black eyes.&quot; She was
+quiet, simple; in short, motherly, when seen by Cooper the winter of
+1828-29.</p>
+
+<a name="226a.png"></a>
+<img src="images/226a.png" alt="COUNT ST. LEU">
+<a name="226b.png"></a>
+<img src="images/226b.png" alt="LETIZIA BOUNAPARTE.">
+<a name="226c.png"></a>
+<img src="images/226c.png" alt="MADAME M&Egrave;RE.">
+<p><!-- Page 206 --><a name="Page_206"></a>
+Longing for the open country came with the early Italian spring, and a
+hillside villa just outside the walls of Florence was secured. A narrow
+lane ran between this villa <i>St. Illario</i> and its rustic church of the
+same name.
+<br>
+<a name="228a.png"></a>
+<img src="images/228a.png" alt="CHURCH OF ST. ILLARIO AND NARROW LANE.">
+<br>
+The villa had two projecting wings with belvederes and roofed
+terraces, one of which connected with the author's study. Herein he
+wrote of &quot;the witchery of Italy&quot;&mdash;the land he loved next to his own.
+<br>
+<a name="228b.png"></a>
+<img src="images/228b.png" alt="VILLA, ST. ILLARIO.">
+<br>
+His letters give glorious glimpses of the Arno, their strolls to
+Bellosguardo's heights, the churches, monasteries, costumes, and songs
+of the peasants&mdash;all attuned to poesy. Frequent were the exchanges of
+civility between the author's study and the good old <i>curato</i> across the
+lane. Cooper wrote of him: &quot;The man has some excellent figs, and our
+cook, having discovered it, lays his trees under contribution.&quot; He
+continues: &quot;One small, green-coated, fresh fig is the precise point of
+felicity. But the good <i>curato</i>, besides his figs, has a pair of uneasy
+bells in his church-tower that are exactly forty-three feet from my
+ears, which ring in pairs six or eight times daily. There are matins,
+noontide, vespers, to say nothing of christenings, weddings, and
+funerals.&quot;</p>
+
+<p><!-- Page 207 --><a name="Page_207"></a>
+Then follows a rare account of a night funeral service ending beneath
+his study walls.</p>
+
+
+
+<p>During the great Florentine <i>f&ecirc;te</i> of St. John, the patron saint of the
+city,&mdash;from the Count St. Leu's windows on the Arno,&mdash;the author and his
+family saw the display of gala-boats decked with thousands of
+colored-paper lanterns.</p>
+
+<!-- Page 208 --><a name="Page_208"></a>
+<a name="230a.png"></a>
+<img src="images/230a.png" alt="CHARIOT RACES, FLORENCE.">
+<p>They enjoyed the chariot races in the wide Piazza Santa Maria Novella,
+where the small obelisks point the start and finish of the races. These
+were followed by the <i>corso dei barberi</i>&mdash;barbed horse-races without
+riders&mdash;down the longest street of the town. Then followed the French
+Minister's masked ball, amusing as well as splendid, readers of Cooper's
+&quot;Italy&quot; will find. But more than all, on their return to Villa St.
+Illario, were they charmed with the brilliant illumination of the noble
+cathedral dome, which against the dark skies &quot;looked like a line
+engraving of fire.&quot; So closed this festa of Florence in the grand-ducal
+days, bright in gay gear and alive with everybody, from prince to
+<i>contadini</i>. Then he came
+<!-- Page 209 --><a name="Page_209"></a>
+in happy touch with the impulsive, laughing,
+singing, dark-haired Italians, and to the finer aspects of their nature
+he was partial. They were in sharp contrast to the Puritan band in the
+valley of the Connecticut, which his pen pictured in the finishing
+touches of &quot;The Wept of Wish-ton-Wish,&quot; when in his study at <i>Casa
+Ricasoli.</i></p>
+
+<a name="230b.png"></a>
+<img src="images/230b.png" alt="GENOA">
+<p>Press censorship and no English printing-house in Florence forced Cooper
+to leave his family and go to Marseilles. His letters give some pretty
+pictures which passed his carriage windows on the way. Of Genoa: &quot;The
+seaward prospect was glorious.&quot; The islands &quot;were borrowed by Leonardo,&quot;
+and a circuit of the city
+<!-- Page 210 --><a name="Page_210"></a>
+walls was made on horseback. Full of charm
+and interest was the road &quot;on the margin of the sea&quot;&mdash;from Genoa to
+Nice. In his &quot;Excursions in Italy&quot; appears of Genoa: &quot;I looked back with
+longing-eyes at <i>Genoa la Superba</i> and thought it well deserved the
+title.&quot; &quot;The whole of this coast,&quot; he wrote, &quot;is as picturesque and
+glorious as the imagination can picture it.&quot; He tells of feluccas and
+other water-craft that claimed a sailor's eye; and the landward views of
+Mentone, Santa Monica, the heights, arches, and passes, and the
+wasp-like Villa Franca, perched on its ledge up two hundred feet&mdash;for
+fear of &quot;the bears&quot; said the guide. In Marseilles an English printer was
+secured and brought back to Florence. Besides being deaf and dumb his
+name&mdash;Richard Heavysides&mdash;bore out the burden of an unfortunate temper
+to the necessity of sending this printer back to Marseilles. Finally, by
+the kindness of the grand duke's librarian, a small edition of &quot;The Wept
+of Wish-ton-Wish&quot; was printed, and early sheets sent to publishers in
+Paris, London, and Philadelphia. In England the book was called &quot;The
+Borderers,&quot; being based on the story of Eunice Williams of Deerfield,
+Mass., but it was
+<!-- Page 211 --><a name="Page_211"></a>
+more highly valued in England and France than in
+America.</p>
+
+<a name="232.png"></a>
+<img src="images/232.png" alt="LEGHORN">
+<p>The Mediterranean blue on Cooper's journey to Marseilles allured him
+into conceiving another sea tale. Its writing, however, was delayed by a
+mild return of the old fever that was induced by the summer sun of
+Italy. Longing, therefore, for the water breezes, mid-summer found him
+within &quot;sight and sound&quot; of the sea waves. He writes &quot;July 29 the whole
+family went to Leghorn, where the salt air was grateful, and I snuffed
+the odor of this delightful sea with a feeling that was 'redolent of joy
+and youth.' We feasted our eyes on the picturesque rigs and barks of
+those poetical waters, and met several men from the Levant,&mdash;an
+<!-- Page 212 --><a name="Page_212"></a>
+Algerian Rais calmly smoking his chibouque on the deck of his poleacre,
+many Sardinians, Tuscans, Jews, and three Russians. Rowing under the
+bows of a Yankee, I found one seated on the windlass playing on the
+flute,&mdash;as cool a piece of impudence as can well be imagined for a
+Massachusetts man to practice in Italy! The delicious odors of the
+seaport were inhaled with a delight no language can describe.&quot;</p>
+
+<a name="233.png"></a>
+<img src="images/233.png" alt="NAPLES.">
+<p>At Leghorn Cooper engaged a Genovese felucca, &quot;<i>La Bella Genovese</i>,&mdash;a
+craft of thirty tons, beautiful mould, lateen-rigged, carrying two of
+that sail and a jib, and ten men for her crew.&quot; Aboard this small vessel
+the author and his family spent six days of pure pleasure, yet &quot;somewhat
+bitten by fleas.&quot; They touched at Elba and other islands, and skirted
+the coasts of Tuscany, the Roman States, and so on to Naples, of which
+Cooper wrote: &quot;Oh Napoli! glorious, sunny, balmy Napoli!&quot; This cruising
+along the western coast of Italy in the <i>Bella Genovese</i> suggested to
+the author one of his favorite stories, &quot;Wing-and-Wing,&quot; which was
+published twelve years later. In Naples several weeks were passed at a
+hotel; thence to a short-time home of their own on the cliffs of
+<!-- Page 213 --><a name="Page_213"></a>
+Sorrento.
+<br>
+<a name="237a.png"></a>
+<img src="images/237a.png" alt="CASA TASSO AT SORRENTO">
+<br>
+The very air of Italy was a delight to this sunny-hearted
+sailor, who so deeply felt the charm of all Italian nature. &quot;The house
+we have taken,&quot; he wrote, &quot;is said to be the one in which Tasso was
+born. It stands on the brow of the cliffs, within the walls of the town,
+and in plain sight of every object of interest on the bay. We occupy the
+principal floor only, though I have taken the entire house. There is a
+chapel beneath the grand <i>sala</i>, and kitchens and offices somewhere in
+those lower regions. We enter by a porte-coch&egrave;re into a court which has
+a well with a handsome marble curb and a flight of broad, marble steps
+fit for a palace.&quot; Seaward several rooms led to the <i>sala</i>, fifty feet
+long, and facing the water. Cooper tells of its tiled floor, gilded
+<!-- Page 214 --><a name="Page_214"></a>
+couches, chairs, and marble busts.
+<br>
+<a name="237b.png"></a>
+<img src="images/237b.png" alt="CASA TASSO TERRACE-STUDY.">
+<br>
+The great charm of the house was its
+terrace, fifty feet long by twenty-five wide, and protected by a stone
+balustrade, massive and carved, hanging over the blue Mediterranean, and
+giving to view Vesuvius, Ischia, and all the coast of glorious sea.
+Hearing an outcry from his son Paul one day, his father found the boy
+with his head fast between two of these great spindles&mdash;&quot;in a way that
+frightened me as well as the youngster himself. It was like being
+imbedded in a rock. Below the terrace runs a narrow beach, where our
+children delight to play, picking up shells and more than
+shells,&mdash;ancient mosaics. There is a little room off from the terrace I
+use for writing,&quot; and where he could watch the
+<!-- Page 215 --><a name="Page_215"></a>
+beauty of the sea. Much
+of &quot;The Water Witch&quot; was rapidly written in this study on the inspiring
+terrace of <i>Casa Tasso</i>, Vesuvius in sight. Daily excursions were made.
+When four-of-the-clock threw the rock shadows far over the water, they
+went a-boating. On land they made &quot;donkey&quot; and &quot;non-donkey&quot; jaunts.
+<i>Capo di Monti</i>, overlooking the town landing-place, was also a favorite
+resting-place, and gave some bright pictures of native life. By an
+amusing practice of giving their king&mdash;a fine old mendicant with a lame
+leg&mdash;and his daily-growing train a <i>grano</i> a day at the gate, Cooper and
+his family on their excursions were freed from an army of beggars. All
+were grateful, and wished the American <i>admiral</i> &quot;a thousand
+<!-- Page 216 --><a name="Page_216"></a>
+years,&quot;&mdash;save one poor creature, who blundered into &quot;a hundred,&quot; upon
+which his angered fellows cudgeled him with blows and words into
+shouting, &quot;A thousand years, and long ones.&quot; Donkeys and boats were
+taken for Amalfi with her convent-crowned cliffs above the sea. Not
+until the chill <i>tra montana</i> and the snow-powdered mountain-tops
+reminded them that but one fire could be kindled in their vast Sorrento
+home did they leave it one morning, with ninety-six of their well-wisher
+beggars in the court to bid them good-speed on their way to the Eternal
+City.</p>
+
+
+<a name="239a.png"></a>
+<img src="images/239a.png" alt="ST. PETER'S, EXTERIOR, ROME.">
+<p>In the autumn of 1830 Cooper and his family entered Rome through the
+gate of St. John, and drove across the city to the Hotel de Paris, just
+below the Pincio and near the <i>Porta del Popolo</i>. After dinner, with
+still an hour of daylight, and eager to see what Rome was like, Cooper
+called a guide, and, holding Paul by the hand, sallied forth through the
+narrow, crooking streets over the bridge of the angels to St. Peters.
+&quot;Pushing aside the door, I found myself in the nave of the noblest
+temple in which any religious rites were ever celebrated. To me there
+was no disappointment, and as I stood gazing at the
+<!-- Page 217 --><a name="Page_217"></a>
+glorious pile, the
+tears forced themselves from my eyes. Even little Paul was oppressed
+with the vastness of the place, for he clung close to my side and kept
+murmuring, 'What is this? What is this? Is this a church?' I turned away
+impressed with the truth that if ever the
+<!-- Page 218 --><a name="Page_218"></a>
+hand of man had raised a
+structure to the Deity in the least worthy of His Majesty, it was this!&quot;</p>
+
+
+<a name="239b.png"></a>
+<img src="images/239b.png" alt="ST. PETERS, INTERIOR.">
+
+<p>
+<a name="239c.png"></a>
+<img align=left src="images/239c.png" alt="ADAM MICKIEOWICZ.">
+The usual roof-tree was soon found in the via Ripetta, where their back
+windows overlooked the tawny Tiber and gave them views of Castle St.
+Angelo and St. Peter's dome glorified by each day's setting sun, and
+here was passed their winter in old Rome. The Eternal City's ruins were
+most interesting to Cooper; it was his special delight to ride for hours
+with some friend over the Campagna, lingering among fragments of
+structures or statues of ancient days. Perhaps none who rode with him
+gave him more pleasure than the famous Polish poet, Adam Mickieowicz,&mdash;a
+man full of originality,
+<!-- Page 219 --><a name="Page_219"></a>
+genius, and sadness for the fate of his lost
+country. All of this won Cooper's sympathy and help in zealous writing
+and speaking for the suffering Poles; and one, Count Truskalaskie
+Wuskalaskia, later on found a welcome at Otsego Hall.</p>
+
+<a name="240a.png"></a>
+<img src="images/240a.png" alt="PORTA RIPETTA, WHERE COOPER LIVED IN ROME.">
+<p>Our author also saw something of social Rome, as is noted: He &quot;was at a
+grand ball&mdash;faultless as to taste and style&quot;&mdash;given by a prince to a
+prince near to the royal family of England. Of compatriots he writes:
+&quot;<i>We</i> have had a dinner, too, in honor of Washington, at which <i>I</i> had
+the honor to preside. You will be surprised to hear that we sat down
+near seventy Yankees in the Eternal City!&quot;</p>
+
+<a name="240b.png"></a>
+<img src="images/240b.png" alt="ROMAN FORUM.">
+<p>&quot;The Water Witch,&quot; now nearly finished,
+<!-- Page 220 --><a name="Page_220"></a>
+required printing, which some
+kind Italian friends nearly brought about in Rome; but the book
+contained this sentence: &quot;Rome itself is only to be traced by fallen
+temples and buried columns,&quot; which gave offense where none was intended
+and barred the work's issue there. The story was finished and laid aside
+until spring, when, after five delightful months in Rome and a few days
+at Tivoli, Cooper and his family reluctantly drove through the <i>Porto
+del Popolo</i>. In their own carriage, with four white horses, and their
+servitors in another with four brown ones, they passed up the Adriatic
+coast to Venice.</p>
+
+<a name="241.png"></a>
+<img src="images/241.png" alt="PORTA DEL POPOLO.">
+<p>Miss Cooper's &quot;Pages and Pictures&quot; gives her father's graphic account of
+this interesting
+<!-- Page 221 --><a name="Page_221"></a>
+journey,&mdash;how, in a wild mountain-road they fell in
+with pilgrims neither way-worn nor solemn, but most willing to talk.
+They seemed moving pictures with their staffs, scrip, and scallop-shell
+capes, returning from Rome. Then
+<!-- Page 222 --><a name="Page_222"></a>
+came Terni and its famous waterfall&mdash;a
+mile away, they knew, for they walked there. Man-made were those falls,
+by the turning of a pretty stream many hundred years ago.</p>
+
+<a name="243a.png"></a>
+<img src="images/243a.png" alt="FALLS OF MARMORA AT TERNI.">
+
+<p>High bridges and hermit nooks were passed, and then a long aqueduct with
+<i>Gothic</i> arches, called <i>Roman</i> in the guide-books; an old temple turned
+into a church, and but a trifle larger than a Yankee corn-crib. Then
+over the fine road beyond Foligno, and the hill Fiorito, and they rolled
+easily down into the Ancona country, where they found the shrine of
+Loreto.</p>
+
+<a name="243b.png"></a>
+<img src="images/243b.png" alt="ANCONA.">
+
+<a name="243c.png"></a>
+<img src="images/243c.png" alt="LORETO.">
+
+<p>Ancona gave them their first sight of the Adriatic&mdash;less beautiful in
+hue than the Mediterranean blue, it seemed to our travelers. But with a
+sailor's joy in rope, pitch, and tar,
+<!-- Page 223 --><a name="Page_223"></a>
+Cooper hurried with his usual
+boyish eagerness to the port, and with a lively interest examined its
+several rusty-looking craft. The next day found them again on the way,
+of which he writes: &quot;Walking ahead of the carriage this morning, we
+amused ourselves on the beach, the children gathering shells on the
+shores of the Adriatic.&quot; Short stops were made in Bologna and Ferrara,
+then northward to the coast.
+<br>
+<a name="245b.png"></a>
+<img src="images/245b.png" alt="VENICE.">
+<a name="245a.png"></a>
+<img src="images/245a.png" alt="SCALLA MINELLA, VENICE.">
+<br>
+Afloat and a pull for an hour brought them
+to Venice. Through the Grand Canal and under the Rialto they glided to
+the opening port beyond. They left their craft at the <i>Leone Bianco</i>, or
+white lion. Entering, they found &quot;a large paved hall&quot; a few steps above
+the water. From their windows they could see the gliding gondolas;
+beyond the splashing of an oar no sound came from their movement.
+&quot;Everything was strange,&quot; wrote Cooper. &quot;Though a sailor and accustomed
+to water, I had never seen a city a-float. It was now evening; but a
+fine moon shedding its light on the scene rendered it fairy-like.&quot; That
+<!-- Page 224 --><a name="Page_224"></a>
+night a friend showed him the other ways than the water-ways of Venice.
+Through lane-like, shop-lined ways, over bridges, and through the
+Giant's Clock-tower he passed into the great square of St. Mark, with
+&quot;much surprise and pleasure.&quot; By its glittering lamps, and over it all
+the moonlight, he felt as if &quot;transported to a scene in the Arabian
+Nights.&quot;</p>
+
+<a name="249a.png"></a>
+<img src="images/249a.png" alt="PIAZZA SAN MARCO.">
+
+<p>Later he writes: &quot;I have set up my own gondola and we have been looking
+at the sights.&quot; For weeks their easy gondola&mdash;which in form and
+lightness reminded him so much of the Indian bark-canoe&mdash;&quot;went gliding
+along the noiseless canals,&quot; and Cooper studied his Venice for a
+purpose. He became interested in the details of its singular government
+and read many books about it. The heartless
+<!-- Page 225 --><a name="Page_225"></a>
+trifling with sacred
+personal rights in order to glorify the ruling powers of <i>San Marco</i>, as
+shown by the life of crime in its secret councils, seemed terrible to
+him. And so came about the thought of writing a book in which both views
+of the subject, as clear and just as his pen could draw them, should be
+given. And whoever has read &quot;The Bravo&quot; will know that it faithfully
+pictures Venetian life. The great Piazza, the splendid church, the
+towering belfry,&mdash;rebuilt,&mdash;the small Piazza and its columns; the Palace
+of the Doge, with its court, well, giant's stairway, lions' mouths,
+dungeons and roof prisons, and the Bridge-of-Sighs, leading to its
+neighbor,
+<!-- Page 226 --><a name="Page_226"></a>
+the Prison Building&mdash;all are here, with beautiful <i>Venetia</i>
+in the pride of her most glorious days near their waning.
+<br>
+<a name="249b.png"></a>
+<img src="images/249b.png" alt="PALACE OF THE DOGE.">
+<br>
+<a name="250.png"></a>
+<img align=right src="images/250.png" alt="THE BRAVO.">
+These and much
+more make up the fearful picture of Venice's cold cruelty, as revealed
+to the author of &quot;The Bravo&quot; in authentic historical records. Gelsomina,
+the jailer's daughter, a sweet and delicately-drawn character, got her
+name and general character from real life. Miss Cooper writes that when
+their &quot;family was living on the cliffs of Sorrento a young peasant girl
+became one of the household,&mdash;half nurse, half playfellow to the
+children. She bore the sweet name of Gelsomina. Simple, innocent, and
+childlike, yet faithful to duty, Gelsomina was
+<!-- Page 227 --><a name="Page_227"></a>
+soon in high favor with
+great and small, and, in charge of the young flock, made one of every
+family party about the bay.&quot; At such times &quot;she was always in gay
+costume,&mdash;light-blue silk jacket with gold lace; a flowing skirt; her
+dark hair well garnished with long golden pins and bodkins; a gold chain
+of manifold strands encircled her throat, and drops long and heavy hung
+from her ears. One afternoon, after playing with her young charges,
+Gelsomina went for water to that picturesque marble well in the court.
+While bending over the curbstone and drawing up the bucket, like
+Zara-of-Moriah fame, she dropped one of her long, heavy ear-rings into
+the water. Great was the lamentation
+<!-- Page 228 --><a name="Page_228"></a>
+of the simple creature! Warm was
+the sympathy of the household.&quot; But the old well was far too deep to
+give up this heirloom and family treasure, which was gone beyond
+Gelsomina's tears to recover. Gelsomina would have followed her American
+friends north, but a portly, stately, dignified aunt &quot;would not trust
+her so far from the orange-groves of Sorrento.&quot; When the hour of parting
+came, pretty Gelsomina received from her mistress a fine pair of new
+ear-rings, and tears of gratitude fell upon the trinkets as she kissed
+the hand of the giver. Her name and something of her sweet innocence and
+fidelity were given to the jailer's daughter of &quot;The Bravo.&quot;</p>
+
+<div class="poem"><div class="stanza">
+<span>&quot;The well is deep&mdash;far down they lie,<br></span>
+<span class="i3">beneath the cold, blue water!<br></span>
+<span>My ear-rings! my ear-rings!&quot;<br></span>
+</div></div>
+
+
+<a name="249c.png"></a>
+<img src="images/249c.png" alt="TASSO'S WELL.">
+
+<p>This book, one of Cooper's favorite works, was an artist's picture of
+Venice, and was written to martial music in Paris, in 1830, where Cooper
+arrived on the eve of a revolution, for a stay of three years. It was
+published by Lea and Carey, Philadelphia, in 1834, and did not find
+favor in America, but was much liked in Germany and
+<!-- Page 229 --><a name="Page_229"></a>
+France. Prof.
+Brander Matthews writes:&mdash;&quot;The scene in which Antonio, the old
+fisherman, is shrived by the Carmelite monk, in his boat, under the
+midnight moon upon the lagoon, is one of the finest in the whole range
+of literature in fiction.&quot;</p>
+
+<a name="252b.png"></a>
+<img src="images/252b.png" alt="ABSOLUTION OF ANTONIO.">
+
+<p>Concerning the carrying off of the art treasures of Venice by the
+French, Cooper wrote: &quot;One great picture escaped them; it stood in a
+dark chapel completely covered with dust and smoke. Within a few years
+some artist had the curiosity to examine this then unknown altarpiece.
+The picture was taken down, and being thoroughly cleaned, proved to be
+'The Assumption'&quot;&mdash;Titian's masterpiece, some think. It is now in the
+Academy of Fine Arts in Venice.
+<!-- Page 231 --><a name="Page_231"></a>
+<!-- Page 230 --><a name="Page_230"></a>
+Cooper tells of a monument Canova had
+&quot;designed for Titian, beautifully chiseled out of spotless marble.&quot; The
+author found it &quot;beneath the gloomy arches of the church,&quot; and thought
+it &quot;singularly dramatic and startling&quot;; but it had been erected to the
+honor of Canova himself instead of to the painter!</p>
+
+<a name="252a.png"></a>
+<img src="images/252a.png" alt="GLORY OF THE ASSUMPTION.">
+
+
+
+<p>From Venice Cooper and family went by way of Tyrol to Munich, where he
+much admired the king of Bavaria's art collections. After this brief
+visit they moved on to Dresden, passing here some pleasant months in a
+cheerful apartment overlooking the Alt Market. The quaint and busy show
+of homely German life, the town, gardens, river, bridge, and fine
+gallery &quot;<!-- Page 232 --><a name="Page_232"></a>
+worthy of Italy,&quot; were enjoyed. <i>The Water Witch</i>, &quot;wrecked on
+the Tiber, was now safely launched on the broader waters of the Elbe.&quot;
+It was issued by Lea and Carey, Philadelphia, in 1830.</p>
+
+<a name="252c.png"></a>
+<img src="images/252c.png" alt="ALT MARKET, DRESDEN.">
+
+<p>Comparing national traits became at times an unfortunate habit with
+Cooper. He was provoked by a Dresden schoolmaster's surprise that his
+children were not black; and, again, because he could not convince an
+English scholar that in Boston &quot;to gouge&quot; did not mean the cruel
+practice &quot;to squeeze out a man's eyes with the thumb.&quot; This English
+scholar was Sir James Mackintosh.</p>
+
+<p>On the return to Paris from Germany several places were tried before
+finding a short distance across the Seine, No. 59 rue St. Dominique,&mdash;an
+off-and-on home for three years. Here the salon was thirty feet long and
+lofty&mdash;to a sailor's delight, seventeen feet; above the doors were
+paintings in gilded frames; and there were four large mirrors, and vast
+windows reaching to the floor. The dining-room, even larger, opened on
+the garden. After this manner the doctor of the Duke of Orleans built
+his home for himself&mdash;and this American tenant.
+<!-- Page 233 --><a name="Page_233"></a>
+The turmoil in this
+city of light at once attracted him in the near view of the Revolution
+of July. Having known General Lafayette since 1824, these two fine men
+were brought in close touch on Cooper's second visit to Paris. In 1831
+the Marquis Lafayette was the center of American life here, and
+consequently he and our author were constantly and intimately thrown
+together.</p>
+
+<a name="254.png"></a>
+<img src="images/254.png" alt="LAFAYETTE'S PARIS HOME, RUE D'ANJOU.">
+<a name="255.png"></a>
+<img src="images/255.png" alt="GENERAL LAFAYETTE'S BED-ROOM.">
+
+<p>Lafayette's neat, simple apartment in a hotel of some pretension was in
+the rue d'Anjou. There were a large antechamber, two salons, and an
+inner room, where he wrote, and finally had his bed. His town servants
+were his German valet, Bastien, who served during the last visit to
+America, a footman, and a coachman. Cooper wrote: &quot;When I show myself at
+the door Bastien makes a signal of
+<!-- Page 234 --><a name="Page_234"></a>
+assent, intimates that the general
+is at dinner; but I am at once ushered into the bed-room. Here I find
+Lafayette at table&mdash;so small as to be covered with a napkin, his little
+white dog his only companion.&quot; It was understood that the guest had
+dined, so he takes a seat in the chimney-corner, and as they talk the
+dinner goes on to its finish of dates, which are shared by the visitor.
+The last of these pleasant visits grew from the usual half hour to
+almost two, as they chatted of the great and small and all in their fine
+way. Lafayette thought Louis Philippe &quot;the falsest man&quot; he ever met. Of
+Charles X he &quot;spoke kindly,&quot; giving him &quot;an exactly opposite character,&quot;
+and Marie Antoinette he believed &quot;an injured woman.&quot;</p>
+
+<a name="256b.png"></a>
+<img src="images/256b.png" alt="GENERAL LAFAYETTE.">
+<!-- Page 235 --><a name="Page_235"></a>
+
+<a name="256a.png"></a>
+<img src="images/256a.png" alt="LOUIS PHILIPPE.">
+<a name="258.png"></a>
+<img src="images/258.png" alt="QUEEN MARIE AM&Eacute;LIE.">
+
+
+<p>When Mr. McLane, our minister to England, made a flight to Paris in
+1830, Lafayette strongly urged Cooper to give him the pleasure
+<!-- Page 236 --><a name="Page_236"></a>
+of
+presenting him with Mr. McLane to Louis Philippe at a Palais Royal
+&quot;evening.&quot; Concerning the event Cooper noted: &quot;Though such a visit was
+contrary to my quiet habits, I could do nothing but comply.&quot; His book on
+France relates the event and concludes with: &quot;We all got invitations to
+dine at the palace in a day or two.&quot; But Cooper &quot;never had any faith in
+the republican king,&quot; and thought &quot;General Lafayette had been the dupe
+of his own good faith and kind feelings.&quot; Queen Marie Am&eacute;lie, who was
+the daughter of Ferdinand I of the two Sicilies, asked Cooper which he
+most preferred of all the lands he had visited. His quick and strictly
+truthful reply was: &quot;That in which your majesty was born for its nature,
+and that in which your majesty reigns for its society.&quot; As the &quot;evening&quot;
+<!-- Page 237 --><a name="Page_237"></a>
+was for men Cooper noticed that &quot;the queen and her ladies wore
+bonnets.&quot;</p>
+
+
+<p>December 8, 1830 the Americans in Paris gave General Lafayette a dinner
+over which Cooper presided. And, says Professor Lounsbury, &quot;in a speech
+of marked fervor and ability, he had dwelt upon the debt due from the
+United States to the gallant Frenchman, who had ventured fortune and
+life to aid a nation struggling against great odds to be free.&quot; As &quot;It
+was not in his [Cooper's] nature to have his deeds give lie to his
+words,&quot; he was fairly caught in a public controversy that brought upon
+him the following unpleasant results.</p>
+
+<p>During this period a public dispute arose on the comparative expenses of
+American and French government, which Lafayette was called upon to
+settle, and he appealed to Cooper as an American authority. In his
+spirited defense of the gallant Marquis, our author was caught in a
+maelstrom of harsh criticism. It ended in his victory abroad, but
+brought upon him uncalled-for comment from the American press for
+&quot;attacking the authorities of a friendly country&quot;&mdash;as that press
+unjustly termed it.</p>
+
+<p>At Paris in 1831, by the request of an English
+<!-- Page 238 --><a name="Page_238"></a>
+friend, Cooper wrote of
+&quot;The Great Eclipse&quot; which he saw June 16, 1806, at his Cooperstown home.
+This account was found after his death and appeared in <i>Putnam's
+Magazine</i> of 1869. It included a thrilling tragedy and closed as
+follows: &quot;I have passed a varied and eventful life&mdash;but never have I
+beheld any spectacle which so plainly manifested the majesty of the
+Creator, or so forcibly taught the lesson of humility to man as the
+total eclipse of the sun.&quot;</p>
+
+<p>From Paris, in 1832, Cooper wrote: &quot;I care nothing for criticism, but I
+am not indifferent to slander. If these attacks on my character should
+be kept up five years after my return to America, I shall resort to the
+New York courts for protection.&quot; Cooper gave the press the full period,
+then, said Bryant,&mdash;himself an editor,&mdash;&quot;he put a hook in the nose of
+this huge monster of the inky pool, dragged him to land, and made him
+tractable.&quot; After these five years had passed Cooper noted, February,
+1843: &quot;I have, beaten every man I have sued who has not retracted his
+libels.&quot;</p>
+
+<a name="259.png"></a>
+<img src="images/259.png" alt="N.P. WILLIS.">
+
+<a name="261a.png"></a>
+<img src="images/261a.png" alt="TUILERIES GARDENS.">
+
+<p>In Paris, in 1832, our author was meeting many foreigners of note, and
+among the Americans was N.P. Willis, then sketching his &quot;<!-- Page 239 --><a name="Page_239"></a>
+Pencillings by
+the Way,&quot; and breakfasting with Cooper, and strolling with him through
+the Tuileries gardens.</p>
+
+<a name="260.png"></a>
+<img src="images/260.png" alt="S.F.B. MORSE.">
+
+<p>Samuel F.B. Morse, who was later to chain electricity for future use,
+was then a young artist painting in the Louvre, and helping Cooper to
+buy pictures. Of one purchase
+<!-- Page 240 --><a name="Page_240"></a>
+is noted: &quot;Shortly after the revolution
+of 1830, passing through the Carousel, he bought a portrait, covered
+with dust but of apparent rare beauty, from a dealer in antiques, who
+said it was a Teniers. This painting was shown to Morse and to
+Archbishop Luscomb of Paris, also an art critic of his day, both of whom
+verified the dealer's statement. Catalogues and prints of originals of
+Tenier's wife later proved the picture to be her portrait painted round
+in form by that artist and afterwards cut to the square.&quot;</p>
+
+
+<a name="261b.png"></a>
+<img src="images/261b.png" alt="TENIER'S WIFE.">
+
+<p>Some twenty years later Morse wrote: &quot;We were in daily, almost hourly,
+intercourse during the years 1832-33. I never met a more sincere,
+<!-- Page 241 --><a name="Page_241"></a><!-- Page 242 --><a name="Page_242"></a><!-- Page 243 --><a name="Page_243"></a>
+warm-hearted, constant friend.&quot; Their relations were ever warm and
+close. Cooper himself was winning, in the heart of France, a welcome for
+&quot;the beloved <i>Bas-de-cuir</i> with <i>la longe carabine,</i>&mdash;that magic rifle
+of his that so seldom missed its mark and never got out of repair.&quot;
+Surely his life and pursuits conformed to his motto: &quot;Loyalty to truth
+at any price.&quot; Those who best knew him best loved him. The charm of his
+family life during these pleasant days has found attractive expression
+in the portraits of his children drawn about this time by his daughter
+Susan, as shown on the opposite page.</p>
+
+<a name="264a.png"></a>
+<img src="images/264a.png" alt="MRS. JAMES FENIMORE COOPER AND HER SON PAUL.">
+
+<a name="264b.png"></a>
+<img src="images/264b.png" alt="THE CHILDREN OF MR. AND MRS. JAMES FENIMORE COOPER.">
+
+<p>During the dreadful siege of cholera in Paris, Cooper and his family
+remained in the stricken city, fearing to fare worse with country
+discomforts. In contrast to many instances of heroic devotion were
+artists' funny pictures of the scourge. The Tuileries gardens were
+deserted, and Paul missed his apple-women friends of the corners between
+rue St. Dominique and Pont Royal; and the flight through the city of Mr.
+Van Buren and other friends were a few personal incidents of this
+awesome time.</p>
+
+<p>July 18 Cooper and his family left Paris for the
+<!-- Page 244 --><a name="Page_244"></a>
+Rhine country. They
+enjoyed Brussels, and old Antwerp's Dutch art and its beautiful
+cathedral-tower that Napoleon thought should be kept under glass. They
+found Li&egrave;ge &quot;alive with people&quot; to greet their arrival at the <i>Golden
+Sun</i>, where they were mistaken for the expected and almost new king,
+Leopold, and his fine-looking brother. Sad truth brought cold looks and
+back views among other shadows of neglect. Cooper noted: The &quot;<i>Golden
+Sun</i> veiled its face from us; we quit the great square to seek more
+humble lodgings at the <i>Black Eagle</i>, a clean, good house.&quot; In Li&egrave;ge
+were seen the venerable, interesting churches, which caused Cooper to
+think, &quot;I sometimes wish I had
+<!-- Page 245 --><a name="Page_245"></a>
+been educated a Catholic in order to
+unite the poetry of religion with its higher principles.&quot; He called <i>The
+Angelus</i> &quot;the open prayer of the fields,&quot; and wrote of it: &quot;I remember
+with pleasure the effect produced by the bell of the village church as
+it sent its warning voice on such occasions across the plains and over
+the hills, while we were dwellers in French or Italian hamlets.&quot;</p>
+
+<a name="266.png"></a>
+<img src="images/266.png" alt="THE ANGELUS.">
+
+<p>In the &quot;Life of Samuel F.B. Morse&quot; by Samuel Irenaeus Prime appears
+Cooper's letter from &quot;Spa, July 31, 1832,&quot; to</p>
+
+<a name="267.png"></a>
+<img align=right src="images/267.png" alt="EUG&Egrave;NE-JOSEPH VERBOECKHOVEN.">
+
+<div class="blkquot"><p>My Dear Morse: I have had a great compliment paid me, Master
+     Samuel,&mdash;You must know there is a great painter in Bruxelles of the
+     name of Verboeckhoven, (which means a <i>bull and a book baked in an
+     oven!</i>) who is another Paul Potter. He out does all other men in
+     drawing cattle,&mdash;Well, sir, this artist did me the favor to call at
+     Bruxelles with the request that I would let him sketch my face. He
+     came after the horses were ordered, and knowing the difficulty of
+     the task, I thanked him, but was compelled to refuse. On our
+     arrival at Li&egrave;ge, we were told that a messenger from the governor
+     had been to inquire for us, and I began to bethink me of my
+     sins,&mdash;however,&mdash;it proved Mr. Bull-and-book-baked had come [by
+     dilligence] to Li&egrave;ge (sixty-three miles) and got the governor to
+     give him notice, by means of my passport, when we came. Of course I
+     sat,&mdash;the likeness&mdash;like all other pictures you have seen of my
+     chameleon
+<!-- Page 246 --><a name="Page_246"></a>
+face&mdash;has a vastly live-like look,&mdash;the compliment is
+     none the less, and, provided the artist does not mean to serve me
+     up as a specimen of American wild beasts, I shall thank him for it.
+     To be followed twelve posts by a first-rate artist, who is in favor
+     with the King, is so unusual, that I probed him a little. I found
+     him well skilled in his art,&mdash;his gusto for natural subjects,
+     strong,&mdash;and his favorite among all my books is &quot;The Prairie,&quot;
+     which you know is filled with wild beasts. Here the secret is
+     out.&mdash;He sent me a beautiful pencil sketch of a Belgian hind as a
+     memorial of our achievement.</p></div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 247 --><a name="Page_247"></a>
+Cooper and his family spent some days drinking the waters at Spa, with
+best effects for Mrs. Cooper&mdash;not over-strong since the Paris days. They
+left its grass of &quot;ghostly green&quot; when the &quot;dog-star raged with all its
+fury,&quot; and &quot;came on old Aix-la-Chapelle, well-cloaked and carriage
+windows closed.&quot; In compliment to the republic of letters the postman
+called on Cooper here, and like tribute was also paid two posts farther
+on, where he was asked if he &quot;was the man who wrote books!&quot; That day was
+well spent when they reached the terrace above the Rhine and got their
+first view of the towers of Cologne. In &quot;fine, lofty rooms&quot; overlooking
+a garden, they here enjoyed a night's rest, a breakfast, and then a
+pilgrimage to &quot;the unfinished cathedral, that wonder of Gothic
+architecture.&quot; A visit was paid to the house in which Rubens was born,
+it is said, and the very room which sheltered the last moments of Mary
+of Medicis, wife of Henry IV and mother of Louis XIII of France. Cooper
+thought it &quot;a better sort of burgher home,&quot; and saw it as &quot;a public
+house.&quot;</p>
+
+<a name="268.png"></a>
+<img src="images/268.png" alt="RUBENS' COLOGNE HOME.">
+
+<p>Again on the wing, they passed the student-town of Bonn, Rhine ruins of
+charming legend on the near and far banks of the river, until on
+<!-- Page 248 --><a name="Page_248"></a>
+an
+island in the Rhine they found rest and refreshment at a convent-inn.
+The host, wife, child, cook, and soldiers three, quartered there, gave
+them welcome and good cheer. Their parlor was that of the lady abbess,
+and her bedchamber fell to Mrs. Cooper. &quot;The girls were put into cells,
+where girls ought never to be put,&quot; wrote their father. <i>He</i> &quot;sallied
+forth alone, in quest of sensation,&quot; and got it in the muttering of
+thunder, and the flashing of lightning over the &quot;pitchy darkness of the
+seven mountains.&quot; And he and the fiercely howling winds from the trees
+had a chase through the gloomy cloisters, whence he saw, in the vast,
+cavern-like kitchen, the honest islanders eating with relish his surplus
+supper.</p>
+<!-- Page 249 --><a name="Page_249"></a>
+<a name="270.png"></a>
+<img src="images/270.png" alt="CONVENT OF NUNNENWORTH">
+
+<p>As the storm grew in strength Cooper went to the corridor above, leading
+past their rooms To-and-fro he paced until a bright flash revealed the
+far, end door to which he went, opened, and entered into utter darkness.
+Taking a few steps he paused&mdash;&quot;for the whole seemed filled by a clatter,
+as of ten thousand bat-wings against glass.&quot; His hand rested on
+something&mdash;he knew not what&mdash;when by another vivid flash he saw that he
+was in an open gallery of the convent chapel. The bat-wings were small,
+broken panes of the high arched windows, rattling in the gale. Yet by
+the chasing flashes of angry light he saw beneath him grim figures in
+the shadowy motions of troubled spirits. They wore
+<!-- Page 250 --><a name="Page_250"></a>
+upon his nerves,
+until he caught himself shouting: &quot;'Ship ahoy; ship ahoy! What cheer,
+what cheer?' in a voice as loud as the winds.&quot; He was about to speak
+when his gallery door opened and the withered face of an old crone
+appeared by a flash; then came thunder, and the face vanished. After a
+pause the door opened again, and on the same uncomely face, when,
+without thought, our author gave a loud, deep groan. The door slammed on
+the time-stricken form, and he was again alone with the storm-demons who
+now soon grew drowsy and went to sleep, and he himself went to
+bed,&mdash;and, wrote he, &quot;slept like a postillion in a cock-loft, or a
+midshipman in the middle-watch.&quot; But regret came in the morning when
+Mrs. Cooper told her husband how a poor old soul, frightened by the
+storm, had stolen into the chapel to pray, where, on hearing strange
+groans, she dropped her candle and fled in fear to Madam's maid, who
+gave her bed-shelter for the night. An after-breakfast look at the
+storm-ridden chapel disclosed other good reasons than the groans for the
+poor creature's flight. A peace offering made sweet her next night's
+sleep, when the travelers had gone on their way, diving here and there
+<!-- Page 251 --><a name="Page_251"></a>
+into lore and legend of the mighty Rhine-stream.</p>
+
+<a name="272.png"></a>
+<img src="images/272.png" alt="WATCH TOWER ON THE RHINE">
+
+<p>Near the Prussian frontier was &quot;a castle that stood beetling on a crag
+above the road,&quot; where smoke actually arose from a beacon-grate that
+thrust itself out &quot;from a far-front tower.&quot; Such
+<!-- Page 252 --><a name="Page_252"></a>
+attractions were not
+to be passed, and up the winding way over two hundred feet they went,
+and over the small drawbridge, guarded by one groom and the Dutch growl
+of a ferocious mastiff. In walls, towers, queer gap terraces,&mdash;giving
+lovely glimpses of the Rhine,&mdash;court, outside stairways of iron, fine
+old Knights' Hall&mdash;its huge fire-place, and its center droplights of
+lamps fitted into buckhorns&mdash;and curious armor, Cooper found additional
+material for his prolific pen.</p>
+
+<p>During the year 1832 Cooper gave &quot;The Heidenmauer, a Rhine Legend,&quot; to
+the world. While the book itself is full of mediaeval, Rhine-country
+charm, of brilliant charge and countercharge, of church and state power,
+unfortunately for its author in its &quot;Introduction&quot; was this sentence:
+&quot;Each hour, as life advances, am I made to see how capricious and vulgar
+is the immortality conferred by a newspaper.&quot; This brought upon its
+writer a whirlwind of caustic criticism in the American papers, and soon
+became a challenge of battle by one who was to prove himself brave,
+able, fearless, and <i>right</i> through coming years of hot and bitter
+strife. By one of the leading editors the glove was
+<!-- Page 253 --><a name="Page_253"></a>
+taken up in these
+words: &quot;The press has built him up; the press shall pull him down.&quot;
+Posterity has forgotten the stirring conflict, but Cooper's books will
+never fail to fire the heart and brain of every mother's son for all
+time.</p>
+
+<p>In a skiff, spreading a sprit sail, they crossed the Rhine at Bingen by
+that postmaster's assurance of &quot;Certainly, as good a ferry as there is
+in Germany.&mdash;<i>Ja</i>&mdash;<i>Ja</i>&mdash;we do it often.&quot; Through the Duchy of Nassau
+they tested its wines from Johannesberg to Wiesbaden. Then up the Main
+to Frankfort, on to Darmstadt, and thence to Heidelberg. It was quite
+dark when they &quot;crossed the bridge of the Neckar,&quot; but &quot;Notwithstanding
+the obscurity&quot; wrote Cooper, &quot;we got a glimpse of the proud old ruin
+overhanging the place, looking grand and sombre in the gloom of night.&quot;
+He thought the ruins by daylight &quot;vast, rather than fine&quot; though parts
+had &quot;the charm of quaintness.&quot; The &quot;picturesque tower&quot; was noted, adding
+&quot;but the finest thing certainly is the view from the garden-terrace
+above.&quot; Below it, unrolls miles of the beautiful Neckar valley country,
+through which they drove to Ludwigsburg and on to Stuttgart. Beyond,
+<!-- Page 254 --><a name="Page_254"></a>
+appeared a distant view of &quot;a noble ruin&quot; crowning a conical eminence.
+This was the Castle of Hohenzollern, &quot;the cradle of the House of
+Brandenburg&quot; to which a thunderstorm prevented their intended visit.</p>
+
+<a name="275.png"></a>
+<img src="images/275.png" alt="HEIDELBERG AND CASTLE.">
+
+<p>Returning to a vale of Wurtemberg they saw &quot;a little rivulet&quot; which
+began the mighty Danube stream on its way to the Black Sea, and drove up
+to the inn at Tuttlingen, of which point Cooper wrote: &quot;This is the
+Black Forest,&mdash;The wood was chiefly of larches, whence I presume its
+name.&quot; Warned by their host-postmaster of a long climb of mountain
+<!-- Page 255 --><a name="Page_255"></a>
+separating the Rhine and Danube rivers, in a coach and six they left
+him for Schaffhausen and the Rhine Falls. The mountain crest gave them a
+sweeping view of Lake Constance when its waters looked &quot;dark and wild&quot;
+wrote Cooper, adding, &quot;we suddenly plunged down to the banks of the
+Rhine and found ourselves once more before an inn-door, in Switzerland.&quot;
+So in the late summer of this year their second visit was made to the
+land of Lake Leman, whose waters are overshadowed by noble mountains;
+and its surface broad, tranquil, and blue. Enchanting distance made a
+fairy air-castle of a tiny ch&acirc;teau on a little grassy knoll washed by
+the lake, but a near view decided the family &quot;to take refuge in a
+furnished house, <i>Mon Repose</i>,&quot; in a retired
+<!-- Page 256 --><a name="Page_256"></a>
+corner quite near the
+shore at Vevay.</p>
+
+<a name="277a.png"></a>
+<img src="images/277a.png" alt="VEVAY SHORES OF LAKE LEMAN.">
+
+<p>A boat, with honest John Descloux and his two crooked oars, was soon
+secured, and many an hour was spent listening to his lore of Leman, as
+they floated their several hours a day over its waters, under fair skies
+and foul.</p>
+
+<a name="277b.png"></a>
+<img src="images/277b.png" alt="F&Eacute;TE DES VIGNERONS, 1833.">
+
+<p>During this Switzerland vacation Cooper's fancy was strongly attracted
+by Vevay's celebration of an old-time festival, <i>abbaye des Vignerons</i>,
+or great holiday of the vine-dressers. It was &quot;a gay and motley scene,
+blending the harvest-home with a dash of the carnival spirit.&quot; Shepherds
+and shepherdesses in holiday attire and garlands, tripping the measures
+of rustic song and dance. Aproned gardeners with rake and spade, their
+sweethearts
+<!-- Page 257 --><a name="Page_257"></a>
+with bread-baskets of fruit and flowers, uniting in the
+dance <i>&agrave; la ronde</i>, as they came to a certain point in the procession;
+and so went the reapers, mowers, gleaners, herdsmen, and dairy-maids in
+Alpine costume, timing their steps to horn and cow-bell, and singing the
+heart-stirring chorus <i>Ranz des Vachs</i>, or the &quot;Cowherds of the Alps,&quot;
+the wild notes coming back in many an Alpine echo. The festival
+concluded with a rustic wedding, the bride being dowered down to the
+broom and spindle by the lady of the manor.</p>
+
+<a name="278.png"></a>
+<img src="images/278.png" alt="NOAH'S ARK, VEVAY, 1833.">
+
+<p>Such a holiday on the shores of Lake Leman, and the Pass of St. Bernard,
+Cooper placed as a background for his plot based on the hard old
+feudal-times law&mdash;that (in the canton of Berne) the odious office of
+executioner or headsman was made a family inheritance. The efforts of
+the unhappy father and mother to save their son from such a fate make up
+the pathetic interest of &quot;The Headsman,&quot; issued in 1833. The Hospice of
+St.
+<!-- Page 258 --><a name="Page_258"></a>
+Bernard so well described in this book was visited by the author
+the previous year.</p>
+
+<a name="279.png"></a>
+<img src="images/279.png" alt="HOSPICE ST. BERNARD.">
+
+<p>When the power to write first dawned on Cooper's mind there came also
+and grew with it the desire to serve his native land in the field of
+letters. Love of country and countrymen guided his ardent, generous pen
+in &quot;The Spy,&quot; &quot;The Pioneers,&quot; &quot;The Last of the Mohicans,&quot; and &quot;The
+Prairie,&quot; written before he went to Europe. European society he entered,
+and was courted as literary men of reputation are courted there, but
+always with the honest pride of being an American. Under these pleasant
+conditions &quot;The Red Rover,&quot; &quot;The Traveling Bachelor,&quot; &quot;The
+<!-- Page 259 --><a name="Page_259"></a>
+Wept of
+Wish-ton-Wish,&quot; and &quot;The Water Witch&quot; were written. But &quot;The Bravo&quot; was
+followed by such &quot;a series of abuse in the public press&quot; at home that
+when Cooper returned, November 5, 1833, these onsets greatly surprised
+him. His nature was roused by attack; but &quot;never was he known to quail,&quot;
+wrote a famous English critic of him, and added: &quot;Cooper writes like a
+hero!&quot; He believed the public press to be a power for life or death to a
+nation, and held <i>personal</i> rights as sacred; and challenged on these
+lines he became a lion at bay. Excepting from his fine old personal
+friends, staunch and true, he had a chilling reception. For saying, at
+an evening party a few days after landing, that he had been sadly jolted
+by the bad pavement and was surprised that the town was so poorly
+lighted, he was seriously warned by these warm friends: &quot;By the shade of
+Washington! and the memory of Jay! to be more prudent; not a syllable of
+pavements or a word of lamps could be uttered.&quot; Because he thought the
+bay of Naples of more classic interest than the bay of New York, he was
+voted &quot;devoid of taste and patriotism.&quot; So hurt was he by public
+distrust that he thought seriously of writing no more; its injustice led
+him
+<!-- Page 260 --><a name="Page_260"></a>
+to criticise harshly many changes which had occurred during his
+absence. The Indian trail had made way for canal-boats, connecting the
+ocean with the inland seas; the railroads had come, with other active
+commercial interests, to stay.</p>
+
+<a name="281a.png"></a>
+<img src="images/281a.png" alt="THE BAY OF NAPLES.">
+
+<a name="281b.png"></a>
+<img src="images/281b.png" alt="NEW YORK HARBOR.">
+
+<p>After their return from Europe Cooper and his family passed some winters
+in New York City&mdash;those of 1833-34 and 1835-36 in Bleecker Street near
+Thompson. There he &quot;first erected his household gods, French gods these,
+for the house throughout was equipped with furniture from France, and
+ministered solely by French servitors,&quot; writes Doctor Wolfe. But love
+for
+<!-- Page 261 --><a name="Page_261"></a>
+the old Hall on the shores of Otsego grew strong beyond resistance.
+It was vacant and of forlorn appearance when the author returned to it
+in 1834. From a simple, roomy, comfortable house it was made over into a
+picturesque country-seat, from designs, English in style,
+<!-- Page 262 --><a name="Page_262"></a>
+drawn by
+Professor Morse, who was at Cooperstown during alterations. Some of
+these, without thought of the cold Otsego winters&mdash;ice and snow on the
+battlemented roof&mdash;made leaks frequent and disturbing.</p>
+
+<a name="283a.png"></a>
+<img src="images/283a.png" alt="COOPER'S OTSEGO HALL HOME.">
+
+<p>In 1835 Cooper wrote of this home: &quot;The Hall is composite enough, Heaven
+knows, being a mongrel of the Grecian and Gothic orders; my hall,
+however, is the admiration of all the mountaineers&mdash;nearly fifty feet
+long, twenty-four wide, and fifteen feet high. I have raised the ceiling
+three feet, and regret it had not been ten. I have aversion to a room
+under jurymasts.&quot;</p>
+
+<a name="283b.png"></a>
+<img src="images/283b.png" alt="COOPER'S LIBRARY AT OTSEGO HALL.">
+
+<p>The library was a well-shaped room of twenty by twenty-four feet, the
+ceiling twelve feet above. Its deep, dark oak windows opened on the
+thick shade-trees of the quiet southwest; the walls, well-lined with
+books of value, could show no complete set of his own. In one corner of
+this room was a large folding screen on which were pasted print-pictures
+of places they had visited during their seven years' tour of Europe; a
+like screen was in the hall. In this library was the author's plain,
+shining, English walnut writing-table and chair, whose first owner was
+Richard Fenimore, Cooper's maternal grandfather, of Rancocus, New
+Jersey; many of
+<!-- Page 264 --><a name="Page_264"></a><!-- Page 263 --><a name="Page_263"></a>
+Cooper's works were written upon it. On the opposite
+side of the hall was the author's bedchamber. It is interesting to learn
+from Mr. Keese that the large north bed-rooms, so cold in winter, were
+known as &quot;Siberia&quot; and &quot;Greenland,&quot; while those on the south, and warm
+in summer, were called &quot;Florida&quot; and &quot;Italy.&quot; We are told the grounds
+were changed by winding walks and the setting out of trees&mdash;not a few
+with Cooper's own hands. And under these fine trees, in their southwest
+favored corner, shadows and sunlight play hide and seek about a copy of
+Mr. and Mrs. Cooper's favorite garden seat.
+<br>
+<a name="286.png"></a>
+<img src="images/286.png" alt="COPY OF COOPER'S GARDEN SEAT">
+<br>
+Great gates were made for
+the garden entrance, as heavy and hard to move as those of &quot;The Hutted
+Knoll&quot; in the author's story of &quot;Wyandott&eacute;.&quot; It was indeed an attractive
+home, made more so by its attractive inmates. Concerning these Mr. Keese
+writes: &quot;Noting Cooper's fondness for animals, the family brought from
+Paris a magnificent 'tiger' cat weighing fifteen pounds&mdash;'Coquelicot' by
+name. He lived at the Hall until the day of his death, and occupied the
+most comfortable chair in the parlor and was rarely disturbed.&quot; Finally
+the old Hall became their only home,
+<!-- Page 265 --><a name="Page_265"></a>
+and here, in his stronghold at the
+foot of the Glimmerglass, Cooper kept open house for his friends.</p>
+
+
+<p>During the summer months he took a lively interest in his garden. From
+his daughter we learn: &quot;It was his delight to watch the growth of
+different plants day by day. His hot-beds were of the earliest, and he
+was the first to grow egg-plant, Brussels sprouts, and other unusual
+vegetables and fruits.&quot; The first and choicest of fruit or vegetable was
+gathered by himself as a little offering to Mrs. Cooper, and placed by
+him at her plate at table. And he took great pleasure in carrying with
+his own hands baskets of choice fruit and vegetables to different
+friends and neighbors. Many were these that the author and his old
+shipmate Ned Myers carried about the village to different homes.</p>
+
+<a name="286b.png"></a>
+<img src="images/286b.png" alt="JUDGE NELSON.">
+
+<p>Many also were the talks that Cooper and his friend and constant
+companion, Judge Nelson, of the Supreme Court, had on garden affairs, as
+well as on legal and political questions of the day; many were their
+visits to the hot-beds and melon hills. &quot;Ah, those muskmelons! Carefully
+were they watched.&quot; This penman was frankly proud of his melons, their
+early growth and flavor. But
+<!-- Page 266 --><a name="Page_266"></a>
+for all his care this melon-pride met its
+Waterloo one spring in a special box of superior seed, started in a
+favored place for light and warmth, and to be early transplanted. Soon
+the tiny green blades appeared, duly became leaflets, to the joy of the
+Judge and the planter. &quot;Those two venerable heads bending together in
+close scrutiny over the young plants was a pleasant sight, in the
+author's eager interest and genial sympathy of the Judge.&quot; But alas!
+neither jurist nor novelist was a botanist, and the triumphantly
+expected melon vines basely proved after a few more days of tender
+nursing to be the leaves of &quot;that
+<!-- Page 267 --><a name="Page_267"></a>
+vagabond weed, the -cucumber
+vine.&quot; Here too he gathered material for future books, and did much
+writing. Evening twilight often found him pacing the large hall, his
+hands behind him, his head doing active duty in decisive nods of <i>yea</i>
+and <i>nay</i>, and words spoken aloud for putting on paper in his library
+next morning. Some of this writing was to his profit and pleasure, and
+some, alas! to his sad disturbance&mdash;as was &quot;A Letter to his Countrymen,&quot;
+published in 1834.</p>
+
+<p>A picture of this Otsego-Hall home life would prove a sorry failure with
+&quot;Pumpkin&quot; left out. Therefore appears Pumpkin, the family horse, who
+earned his name by drawing a load of pumpkins for Seraphina, the cow, to
+eat. It is of note that his horseship carried &quot;a very light whisp of a
+tail, and had a gait all his own in going at times on three legs and, at
+times, kicking up both hind ones in a way more amusing than alarming, by
+leaving an interesting doubt as to fore or aft movement, in the mind of
+his driver.&quot;</p>
+
+<p>Of Cooper's daily active life Mr. Keese notes: &quot;He rose early, did much
+writing before breakfasting at nine, and afterwards until eleven
+o'clock. Then Pumpkin, hitched to his yellow buggy, was brought to the
+door&quot;; and when her
+<!-- Page 268 --><a name="Page_268"></a>
+health would allow, Mrs. Cooper often went with her
+husband to their <i>ch&acirc;let</i> farm. Sometimes it was his author-daughter who
+went with her father; and again, some friend was hailed from the street
+for the trip. These several active hours would give him a fine appetite
+for their three o'clock dinner, on his return. &quot;The late afternoon and
+evening were given to friends at home, or to visiting, and often to his
+favorite game of chess with Mrs. Cooper.&quot;</p>
+
+<p>Some two years after Cooper's return from abroad, a friend about to sail
+for Europe met him walking leisurely along Broadway with his coat open
+and a great string of onions in his hand. Seeing several persons turn to
+look at him, then speak to each other, the friend too turned&mdash;&quot;and
+behold, it was Cooper!&quot; After greetings he raised his bunch of onions
+and said: &quot;I have turned farmer, but am obliged to come to town now and
+then, as you see.&quot; Kind remembrances were sent to Greenough; and of
+Italy he added: &quot;There is no place where mere living is such a luxury.&quot;</p>
+
+<p>Fenimore Cooper had a keen sense of the ridiculous. His table-talk by
+his own fireside was full of cheery life, fun, and glowing
+<!-- Page 269 --><a name="Page_269"></a>
+merriment.
+&quot;Severe and stern his fine face could be when touching on serious
+subjects,&quot; but his relish of the ludicrous and comical was very strongly
+marked, and when such came his way in reading, it was carried at once to
+the family circle and read by him with zest, and a laugh so hearty it
+brought the tears rolling down his cheeks. While in Europe he outlined a
+satirical tale in which the men's parts should be seriously assumed by
+monkeys. An English baronet, Sir John Goldencalf, and a Yankee skipper,
+Captain Noah Poke, were made to travel together through the different
+parts of Monkeyland, called Leaphigh, Leaplow, and Leapthrough,
+representing England, America, and France. This tale was hastily written
+in his New York home on Bleecker Street near Thompson. Of these
+countries, their people, and that time, the story was a strong, clever,
+and ludicrous picture, which in this day would be accepted as such, and
+be equally helpful and amusing to writers and readers. It was called
+&quot;The Monikins,&quot; and was published in 1835.</p>
+
+<p>Delight in the scenery of Switzerland led Cooper to put in book form his
+notes on his visits to that small country of many interests
+<!-- Page 270 --><a name="Page_270"></a>
+and
+magnificent views. Under the name of &quot;Sketches in Switzerland,&quot; it was
+published in 1836. The France and England part of his &quot;Gleanings in
+Europe&quot; went to print the next year. Concerning his book on old England,
+Cooper, in the autumn of 1837, writes: &quot;They tell me it has made a stir
+in London, where I get abused and read <i>&agrave; la Trollope</i>. It ought to do
+them good, but whether it does or not depends upon Divine grace.&quot; This
+effort has been called keen, clever, but untimely, tending rather to set
+people by their ears than to save them from their sins.</p>
+
+<p>In the summer of 1837 Cooper found himself facing the disputed ownership
+of &quot;Three-Mile Point&quot; of Lake Otsego. On his return from Europe he found
+that his townspeople regarded this point&mdash;Myrtle Grove&mdash;as belonging to
+them. But Judge Cooper's will left it to all his heirs until 1850, when
+it was to go to the youngest bearing his name. While willing to allow
+the villagers picnic privileges, Cooper insisted on his clear title to
+this pretty shore point; but Cooperstown Solons hotly fought what they
+called &quot;the arrogant claims of one J. Fenimore Cooper,&quot; who, however,
+finally proved his title
+<!-- Page 271 --><a name="Page_271"></a>
+by winning the case at law. But he lost much
+of the good-will of his townsmen, whom he thought &quot;progressive in
+killing the red-man and chopping down trees.&quot;</p>
+
+<a name="292.png"></a>
+<img src="images/292.png" alt="WILD ROSE POINT OR THREE-MILE POINT.">
+
+<p>The beauty of this Wild-Rose Point claimed Cooper's earliest love. He
+made it the scene where Deerslayer and Chingachgook rescued Wah-ta-Wah.
+Its flatiron-shaped pebble-beach jutted out from the lake's west shore
+and was covered with fine old forest trees garlanded with vines; and
+from their graveled rootage there gurgled a limpid spring of sweet
+waters. Then a wild brook came brawling down the hills to find its
+gentle outlet on the beach. Azalias and wild roses made its shrubbery,
+while pitcher-plant, moccasin-flower,
+<!-- Page 272 --><a name="Page_272"></a>
+gentians blue and white, with
+brilliant lobelias, were among the native blossoms that charmed the
+author's childhood and made this Three-Mile Point especially dear to
+him.</p>
+
+
+<p>
+<a name="293.png"></a>
+<img align=right src="images/293.png" alt="COOPER'S NEW YORK CITY HOME, ST. MARK'S PLACE.">
+The Italian part of Cooper's &quot;Gleanings in Europe&quot; was brought to print
+in 1838, and later in this year appeared &quot;The American Democrat.&quot; Then
+&quot;Homeward Bound,&quot; its sequel, &quot;Home as Found,&quot; and the &quot;Chronicles of
+Cooperstown&quot;&mdash;all came in hot haste from the author's modest three-story
+brick home in St. Mark's Place near Third Avenue in New York City. In
+these books Cooper told his side of foreign and town troubles, and it
+was said that not ten places or persons could complain in truth that
+they had been overlooked.
+<!-- Page 273 --><a name="Page_273"></a>
+Thereby New York society and the American
+press became greatly excited. Cooper was ever a frank friend or an open
+enemy. A critic wrote of him and this time: &quot;He had the courage to defy
+the majority and confound the press, from a heavy sense of duty, with
+ungrateful truths. With his manly, strong sense of right and wrong he
+had a high regard for courage in men and purity in women, but, with his
+keen sense of justice, he was not always judicious. Abroad he defended
+his country with vigor, and was fearless in warning and advising her,
+when needful, at home. While he never mistook 'her geese for swans,' he
+was a patriot to the very core of his heart.&quot; However, this
+over-critical writing soon became newspaper gossip, and began for Cooper
+six long years of tedious lawsuits, finally settled in his favor in
+1843. With such able men as Horace Greeley, Park Benjamin, and Thurlow
+Weed among others in battle-array against him, Cooper closed this strife
+himself by making a clear, brilliant, and convincing six-hour address
+before the court during a profound silence. Well may it be said: &quot;It was
+a good fight he fought and an honorable victory he won&quot; when he silenced
+the press as to
+<!-- Page 274 --><a name="Page_274"></a>
+publishing private or personal affairs. His speech was
+received with bursts of applause, and of his closing argument an eminent
+lawyer said: &quot;I have heard nothing like it since the days of Emmet.&quot; &quot;It
+was clear, skilful, persuasive, and splendidly eloquent,&quot; is another's
+record. At the Globe Hotel the author wrote his wife the outcome, and
+added: &quot;I tell you this, my love, because I know it will give you
+pleasure.&quot; In &quot;American Bookmen,&quot; by M.A. De Wolfe Howe, it appears that
+when going to one of his Cooper trials Mr. Weed picked up a new book to
+shorten the journey. It proved to be &quot;The Two Admirals,&quot; and says Weed:
+&quot;I commenced reading it in the cars, and became so charmed that I took
+it into the court-room and occupied every interval that my attention
+could be withdrawn from the trial with its perusal.&quot; Mr. Howe adds:
+&quot;Plaintiff and defendant have rarely faced each other under stranger
+conditions.&quot;</p>
+
+<a name="295a.png"></a>
+<img src="images/295a.png" alt="HORACE GREELEY.">
+
+<a name="295b.png"></a>
+<img src="images/295b.png" alt="PARK BENJAMIN.">
+
+<a name="295c.png"></a>
+<img src="images/295c.png" alt="THURLOW WEED.">
+
+<p>While in the St. Mark's-Place home the family found Frisk, described by
+Mr. Keese as &quot;a little black mongrel of no breed whatever, rescued from
+under a butcher's cart in St. Mark's Place, with a fractured leg, and
+tenderly cared for until recovery. He was taken to Cooperstown,
+<!-- Page 275 --><a name="Page_275"></a>
+<!-- Page 276 --><a name="Page_276"></a>
+where
+he died of old age after the author himself. Mr. Cooper was rarely seen
+on the street without Frisk.&quot;</p>
+
+<p>The shores of Otsego, &quot;the Susquehanna's utmost spring,&quot; Cooper made the
+scenic part of &quot;Home as Found,&quot; but high authority asserts the
+characters to be creatures of the author's fancy, all save one,&mdash;&quot;a
+venerable figure, tall and upright, to be seen for some three-score
+years moving to and fro over its waters; still ready to give, still
+ready to serve; still gladly noting all of good; but it was with the
+feeling that no longer looked for sympathy.&quot; It was of &quot;Home as Found&quot;
+that Morse wrote to Cooper: &quot;I will use the frankness to say I wish you
+had not written it. But whenever am I to see you?&quot;</p>
+
+<p>The effect of this conflict with the press so cut the sale of Cooper's
+books that in 1843 he wrote: &quot;I know many of the New York booksellers
+are afraid to touch my works on account of the press of that righteous
+and enlightened city.&quot; Of these disturbing conditions Balzac's opinion
+was: &quot;Undoubtedly Cooper's renown is not due to his countrymen nor to
+the English: he owes it mainly to the ardent appreciation of France.&quot;</p>
+
+<p><!-- Page 277 --><a name="Page_277"></a>
+Cooper's income, from England, suffered on account of an act of
+Parliament change, in 18381 of the copy-right law. But his London
+publisher, Bentley, was credited with usually giving the author about
+$1500 each for his later stories. Report gave him about $5000 each for
+his prior works.</p>
+
+<p>May 10, 1839, Cooper published his &quot;History of the United States Navy.&quot;
+It was first favored and then, severely criticised at home and abroad;
+but the author was fourteen years in gathering his material, and his
+close contact with navy officers and familiarity with sea life made him
+well qualified for the work. He had not yet convinced the press that an
+author's and editor's right to criticise was mutual; that each might
+handle the other's public work as roughly as he pleased, but neither
+might touch on the other's private affairs. However, the &quot;Naval History&quot;
+sold well and has borne the test of time, and still remains an authority
+on subjects treated. There are many officers who well remember their
+delight on first reading those accounts of the battles of long-ago, of
+which Admiral Du Pont said that any lieutenant &quot;should be ashamed not to
+know by heart.&quot;
+<!-- Page 278 --><a name="Page_278"></a>
+One well qualified to judge called Cooper's &quot;Naval
+History&quot; &quot;one of the noblest tributes ever
+paid to a noble profession.&quot;</p>
+
+<p>When &quot;The Pathfinder&quot; came later from the author's pen critics were
+startled from the press-estimate of his character by &quot;the novel beauty
+of that glorious work&mdash;I must so call it,&quot; said Bryant. Natty's goodness
+a dangerous gift might prove for popular success, but its appeal to
+Washington Irving won this record: &quot;They may say what they will of
+Cooper; the man who wrote this book is not only a great man, but a good
+man.&quot; Balzac held it to be &quot;<i>un beau livre</i>&quot; and thought Cooper owed his
+high place in modern literature to painting of the sea and seamen, and
+idealizing the magnificent landscapes of America. It was of Cooper and
+his works that Balzac wrote: &quot;With what amazing power has he painted
+nature! How all his pages glow with creative fire!&quot;</p>
+
+<a name="299.png"></a>
+<img src="images/299.png" alt="J.W. TRUMBULL.">
+<p><a name="301.png"></a>
+<img align=right src="images/301.png" alt="JAMES FENIMORE COOPER.">
+
+Concerning Cooper's innate love for his home-country scenery, Dr.
+Francis gives this incident: &quot;It was a gratifying spectacle to see
+Cooper with old Colonel Trumbull, the historical painter, discanting on
+Cole's pencil in delineating American forest-scenery&mdash;a theme richest in
+the world for
+<!-- Page 280 --><a name="Page_280"></a><!-- Page 279 --><a name="Page_279"></a>
+Cooper. The venerable Colonel with his patrician
+dignity, and Cooper with his aristocratic bearing, yet democratic
+sentiment. Trumbull was one of the many old men I knew who delighted in
+Cooper's writings, and in conversation dwelt upon his captivating
+genius.&quot;</p>
+
+
+<p>Personally, Mr. Cooper was a noble type of our race. He was of massive,
+compact form, a face of strong intelligence and glowing with masculine
+beauty, in his prime. His portraits, though imposing, by no means do
+justice to the
+<!-- Page 281 --><a name="Page_281"></a>
+impressive and vivacious presence of the man. This pen
+picture is by one who knew the author well.</p>
+
+<p>On July 8, of this year, Cooper was made a member of the Georgia
+Historical Society, and the following autumn &quot;Mercedes of Castile&quot; came
+from his pen. It relates the first voyage
+<!-- Page 282 --><a name="Page_282"></a>
+of Columbus, and &quot;with
+special knowledge of a seaman, the accuracy of an historian, and with
+something of the fervor of a poet.&quot;</p>
+
+<a name="302a.png"></a>
+<img src="images/302a.png" alt="CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS.">
+
+<a name="302b.png"></a>
+<img src="images/302b.png" alt="COLUMBUS' FLEET.">
+
+<p>Gleaning Miss Cooper's &quot;Pages and Pictures,&quot; one reads, as to &quot;The
+Deerslayer&quot;: &quot;One pleasant summer evening the author of 'The
+Pathfinder,' driving along the shady lake shore, was, as usual, singing;
+not, however, a burst of Burns's 'Scots wha ha' wi' Wallace bled!' or
+Moore's 'Love's Young Dream,'&mdash;his favorites,&mdash;but this time a political
+song of the party opposing his own. Suddenly he paused as a woods'
+opening revealed to his spirited gray eye an inspiring view of Otsego's
+poetical waters.&quot; When the spell was broken he turned to his beloved
+daughter and exclaimed: &quot;I must write one more book, dearie, about our
+little lake!&quot; Another far-seeing look was taken, to people this
+beautiful scene with the creatures of his fancy, followed by a moment of
+silence, then cracking his whip, he resumed his song with some careless
+chat, and drove home. A few days later the first pages of the new book
+were written. When the touch of Time was frosting his own head, he leads
+Natty, as a youth, over the first warpath of his hero. And so the
+&quot;Glimmerglass&quot;
+<!-- Page 283 --><a name="Page_283"></a>
+and its &quot;Mt. Vision&quot; country grew into the story of &quot;The
+Deerslayer&quot;; it is &quot;the very soul of the little lake overflowing with
+youthful freshness and vivid with stirring adventure.&quot;</p>
+
+<a name="304.png"></a>
+<img src="images/304.png" alt="THE GLIMMERGLASS.">
+
+<p>On the bosom of its waters is anchored &quot;Muskrat Castle,&quot; and over it, to
+and fro, move the &quot;Ark of Floating Tom&quot; and the Indian canoes, which
+gave a strange, wild interest to the story. Afloat and ashore come those
+unlike sisters,&mdash;proud Judith, handsome but designing, and
+simple-hearted Hetty, gentle, innocent, and artless; both so real and
+feminine, and yet so far removed from their supposed father, the
+buccaneer. Then comes this Uncas of the eagle air, swooping with lithe
+movement to his rocky trysting-place. And Uncas is in strong contrast
+with &quot;The Pathfinder's&quot; &quot;Arrowhead,&quot;
+who was a wonder-sketch of the red-man's treachery
+<!-- Page 284 --><a name="Page_284"></a>
+and vengeance, while his sweet girl-wife,
+&quot;Dew-of-June,&quot; shows, true to life, an Indian woman's unfaltering
+devotion to her savage lord. Over all its pages broods the commanding
+spirit of &quot;The Deerslayer,&quot;&mdash;the forest's young Bayard who has yet to
+learn what the taking of human life is like. So, in &quot;The Deerslayer,&quot;
+printed in 1841, the &quot;Little Lake&quot; (Otsego), with its picturesque
+shores, capes, and forest-crowned heights, was made classic soil. Just
+back of &quot;The Five-Mile Point.&quot;&mdash;where Deerslayer gave himself up to
+merciless Indian justice at the Huron Camp, and later was rescued by
+British regulars&mdash;is the rocky gorge, Mohican Glen, through which a
+purling brook ripples by its stone-rift banks thatched with great clumps
+of rose and fern. From the gravel-strewn shore of Hutter's Point beyond,
+the eyes of Leatherstocking first fell upon the Glimmerglass, and
+impressed by its wonder and beauty he exclaimed: &quot;This is grand! 't is
+solemn! 't is an edication of itself.&quot; Leaning on his rifle and gazing
+in every direction, he added: &quot;Not a tree disturbed, but everything left
+to the ordering of the Lord, to live and die, to His designs and laws!
+This is a sight to warm the heart.&quot;</p>
+
+<!-- Page 285 --><a name="Page_285"></a>
+
+<a name="306.png"></a>
+<img src="images/306.png" alt="OTSEGO LAKE.">
+
+<p><!-- Page 286 --><a name="Page_286"></a>
+The tribes, hunters, and trappers had their &quot;own way of calling
+things,&quot; and &quot;seeing the whole basin, often fringed with pines, would
+throw back the hills that hung over it,&quot; they &quot;got to calling the place
+the 'Glimmerglass.'&quot; At Gravelly Point opposite, Deerslayer killed his
+first Indian, and above are the tree-tops where rose the star that timed
+Hist's meeting with her lover. Some distance to the north is the
+spot&mdash;now known as the &quot;Sunken Islands&quot;&mdash;which marks the site of Muskrat
+Castle, and is near the last resting-place of Hetty Hutter and her
+mother. And far to the southwest lies a long, low, curving beach jutting
+sickle-shape into the lake. As a favored haunt of muskrats, it was once
+called Muskrat Cove, and now Blackbird Bay. Just beyond lies Fenimore,
+the home of Cooper's early married life.</p>
+
+<p>In the author's pages on England, published in 1837, was expressed a
+wish to write a story on &quot;the teeming and glorious naval history of that
+land.&quot; Our own country at that time had no fleet, but Cooper's interest
+in his youthful profession made quite fitting to himself the words of
+his old shipmate, Ned Myers: &quot;I can say conscientiously that if my life
+were to be passed
+<!-- Page 287 --><a name="Page_287"></a>
+over again it would he passed in the navy&mdash;God bless
+the flag!&quot; Out of England's long naval records Cooper made &quot;The Two
+Admirals,&quot; an old-time, attractive story of the evolution of fleets, and
+the warm friendship between two strong-hearted men in a navy full of
+such, and at a time before the days of steam. &quot;Cooper's ships live,&quot; so
+says Captain Mahan; and continues: &quot;They are handled as ships then were,
+and act as ships still would act under the circumstances.&quot; This naval
+historian thought &quot;the water a noble field for the story-teller.&quot; &quot;The
+Two Admirals&quot; first appeared in <i>Graham's Magazine,</i> for which Cooper
+was regularly engaged to write in 1842. On June 16 of this year a
+decision was rendered in the &quot;Naval History&quot; dispute. One of the
+questions was whether Cooper's account of the battle of Lake Erie was
+accurate and fair and did justice to the officers in command, and
+whether he was right in asserting that Elliott, second in command, whom
+Perry at first warmly commended and later preferred charges against, did
+his duty in that action. Cooper maintained that while Perry's victory in
+1813 had won for himself, &quot;as all the world knows, deathless glory,&quot;
+injustice
+<!-- Page 288 --><a name="Page_288"></a>
+had been done to Elliott. Three arbitrators chosen by the
+parties to the dispute decided that Cooper had fulfilled his duty as an
+historian; that &quot;the narrative of his battle of Lake Erie was true; that
+it was impartial&quot;; and that his critics' &quot;review was untrue, not
+impartial&quot;; and that they &quot;should publish this decision in New York,
+Washington, and Albany papers.&quot; Later Commodore Elliott presented Cooper
+with a bronze medal for this able and disinterested &quot;defense of his
+brother-sailor.&quot;</p>
+
+<a name="309a.png"></a>
+<img src="images/309a.png" alt="JESSE D. ELLIOTT'S LAKE ERIE MEDAL.">
+
+<a name="309b.png"></a>
+<img src="images/309b.png" alt="MEDAL GIVEN TO JAMES FENIMORE COOPER BY JESSE D. ELLIOTT.">
+
+<p>Professor Lounsbury's summary of Cooper's &quot;Naval History&quot; is: &quot;It is
+safe to say, that for the period which it covers it is little likely to
+be superseded as the standard history of the American navy. Later
+investigation may show some of the author's assertions to be erroneous.
+Some of his conclusions may turn out as mistaken as have his prophecies
+about the use of steam in war vessels. But such defects, assuming that
+they exist, are more than counterbalanced by advantages which make it a
+final authority on points that can never again be so fully considered.
+Many sources of information which were then accessible no longer exist.
+The men who shared in the scenes described, and who communicated
+<!-- Page 290 --><a name="Page_290"></a><!-- Page 289 --><a name="Page_289"></a>
+information directly to Cooper, have all passed away. These are losses
+that can never be replaced, even were it reasonable to expect that the
+same practical knowledge, the same judicial spirit and the same power of
+graphic description could be found united again in the same person.&quot;
+Most amusing was Cooper's own story of a disputing man who being told:
+&quot;Why, that is as plain as two and two make four,&quot; replied: &quot;But I
+dispute that too, for two and two make twenty-two.&quot;</p>
+
+<p>Cooper called the Mediterranean, its shores and countries, &quot;a sort of a
+world apart, that is replete with charms which not only fascinate the
+beholder, but linger in the memories of the absent like visions of a
+glorious past.&quot; And so his cruise in 1830, in the <i>Bella Genovese</i>,
+entered into the pages of &quot;Wing-and-Wing.&quot; The idea was to bring
+together sailors of all nations&mdash;English, French, Italian, and
+Yankee&mdash;on the Mediterranean and aboard a French water-craft of peculiar
+Italian rig&mdash;the lateen sail. These sails spread like the great white
+wings of birds, and the craft glides among the islands and hovers about
+every gulf and bay and rocky coast of that beautiful sea. Under her
+dashing young French captain, Raoul Yvard, <i>Le Fen
+<!-- Page 291 --><a name="Page_291"></a>
+Follet</i>
+(Jack-o'-Lantern or fire-fly, as you will) glides like a water-sprite
+here, there, and everywhere, guided by Cooper's sea phrases,&mdash;for which
+he had an unfailing instinct,&mdash;that meant something &quot;even to the
+land-lubber who does not know the lingo.&quot; It is said many down-east
+fishermen never tire of Cooper, but despise many of his followers
+because of their misuse of sea terms. But more of &quot;Wing-and-Wing&quot;: there
+was lovely Ghita, so sweet and brave, and anxious for her daring young
+lover Raoul, and stricken by the tragedies that befell her in the wake
+of Lord Nelson's fleet. The brown mountains of Porta Farrajo, &quot;a small,
+crowded town with little forts and a wall,&quot; Cooper had seen.</p>
+
+<a name="312.png"></a>
+<img src="images/312.png" alt="ISLAND OF ELBA.">
+
+<p><!-- Page 292 --><a name="Page_292"></a>
+He had tested its best inn, <i>The Four Nations</i>, by a good dinner in its
+dining-room of seven mirrors and a broken tile floor, and had some talk
+with its host as to their late ruler,&mdash;he said Napoleon came that
+evening, sent at once for Elba's oldest flag, which was run up on the
+forts as a sign of independence.</p>
+
+<a name="313.png"></a>
+<img src="images/313.png" alt="ELBA HOME OF NAPOLEON">
+
+<p>Cooper saw Napoleon's Elba home,&mdash;&quot;a low, small house and two wings,
+with ten windows in its ninety feet of front.&quot; He also saw the more
+comfortable
+<!-- Page 293 --><a name="Page_293"></a>
+one-story home of Napoleon's mother. Other isles and shores
+seen then&mdash;during his cruise in the <i>Bella Genovese</i>&mdash;found place in
+&quot;Wing-and-Wing,&quot; published in 1842. The knowledge thus obtained of
+localities and the Italians led Cooper to say: &quot;Sooner or later Italy
+will, inevitably, become a single state; this is a result that I hold to
+be certain, though the means by which it is to be effected are still
+hidden.&quot;</p>
+
+<a name="314.png"></a>
+<img src="images/314.png" alt="THE BATTLE OF LAKE ERIE.">
+
+<a name="314b.png"></a>
+<img src="images/314b.png" alt="COOPER'S DIAGRAM OF THE BATTLE OF LAKE ERIE.">
+
+<p>During 1843 appeared in <i>Graham's Magazine</i> Cooper's &quot;Life-Sketch of
+Perry,&quot; &quot;The Battle of Lake Erie,&quot; and &quot;The Autobiography of a
+Pocket-handkerchief,&quot; or &quot;Social Life in New
+<!-- Page 294 --><a name="Page_294"></a><!-- Page 295 --><a name="Page_295"></a>
+York.&quot; This volume of
+<i>Graham's Magazine</i> also included the life of &quot;John Paul Jones,&quot; wherein
+appeared Cooper's masterful description of the celebrated battle of the
+<i>Bon Homme Richard</i>&mdash;one of the most remarkable in the brief annals of
+that time of American naval warfare.</p>
+
+<a name="316a.png"></a>
+<img src="images/316a.png" alt="THE BATTLE OF BON HOMME RICHARD AND THE SERAPIS.">
+
+<a name="316.png"></a>
+<img src="images/316.png" alt="COOPER'S DIAGRAM OF THE BATTLE OF &quot;BON HOMME RICHARD&quot; AND
+THE &quot;SERAPIS.&quot;">
+
+<p>Of John Paul Jones himself Cooper wrote:</p>
+
+<p>&quot;In battle, Paul Jones was brave; in enterprise, hardy and original; in
+victory, mild and generous; in motives, much disposed to
+disinterestedness, though ambitious of renown and covetous of
+distinction; in pecuniary relations, liberal; in his affections, natural
+and sincere; and in his temper, except in those cases which assailed his
+reputation, just and forgiving.&quot;</p>
+
+<p>Fenimore Cooper was a veritable pioneer in
+<!-- Page 296 --><a name="Page_296"></a>
+spirit. He delighted in the
+details of American &quot;clearing,&quot;&mdash;from the first opening of the forest to
+sunlight, by the felling of trees and stump-extractor, to the neat drain
+and finished stonewall. On the mountain slope of Otsego's shore, and
+less than two miles from Cooperstown, lay his small farm belted with
+woodland, from which he had filched it in true pioneer fashion.
+Concerning Cooper's &quot;costly contest with the soil,&quot; Mr. Keese tells us:
+&quot;The inspiring beauty of its commanding views caught Cooper's fancy for
+buying it far more than any meager money returns its two hundred acres
+could promise.&quot;</p>
+
+<a name="317.png"></a>
+<img src="images/317.png" alt="STUMP EXTRACTOR.">
+
+<p>After ten years of devoted care the author is on record as saying with
+some humor: &quot;for this
+<!-- Page 297 --><a name="Page_297"></a>
+year the farm would actually pay expenses.&quot; But
+full returns came in charming views over field, wood, and lake, where
+his fancy built &quot;Muskrat Castle&quot; and the &quot;Ark of Floating Tom.&quot; Besides,
+its pork and butter were the sweetest, its eggs the whitest and
+freshest; its new peas and green corn &quot;fit for the pot&quot; were the first
+in the country. When the morning writing hours were over at the Hall, it
+was to the Ch&acirc;let, as he called this farm, that he drove, to look after
+his horses, cows, pigs, and chickens.</p>
+
+<a name="318.png"></a>
+<img src="images/318.png" alt="THE CH&Acirc;LET FARM.">
+
+<p>The dumb creatures soon learned to know and love him. They would gather
+about him and
+<!-- Page 298 --><a name="Page_298"></a>
+frequently follow him &quot;in a mixed procession often not a
+little comical. He had a most kindly feeling for all domestic animals,&quot;
+and &quot;was partial to cats as well as dogs; the pet half-breed Angora
+often perched on his shoulders while he sat writing in the library.&quot;
+Then there were the workmen to direct, for whom he always had a kindly
+word. One of these said: &quot;We never had to call on him a second time for
+a bill; he brought us the check. When I knocked at his library door it
+was surprising how quickly I heard the energetic 'Come in.' When I met
+him in the street in winter he often said: 'Well, Thomas, what are you
+driving at?' If work was dull he would try to think of something to set
+me about.&quot; Of Cooper's activity was added: &quot;When the masons were
+repairing his home, in 1839, he, at fifty, and then quite stout, went up
+their steep, narrow ladder to the topmost scaffold on the gable end and
+walked the ridge of the house when the chimney was on fire.&quot; The Ch&acirc;let
+brought to the author's mind &quot;Wyandott&eacute;,&quot; or &quot;The Hutted Knoll,&quot; a tale
+of border-life during the colonial period. A family of that time forces
+from the wilderness an affluent frontier home and settlement for its
+successors. In &quot;Sassy Dick&quot;
+<!-- Page 299 --><a name="Page_299"></a>
+the idle and fallen Indian is pathetically
+portrayed: Dick's return to the dignity of Wyandott&eacute;, the Indian chief,
+by reason of the red-man's fierce instincts, is a pen-picture strong in
+contrasts, illustrating how &quot;he never forgot a favor nor forgave an
+injury.&quot; This story and that of Ned Myers were published in 1843.</p>
+
+<a name="320.png"></a>
+<img src="images/320.png" alt="THE ESCAPE.">
+
+<p><!-- Page 300 --><a name="Page_300"></a>
+Of these years there are records of Cooper's kindly love for little
+folk. Miss Caroline A. Foot, a schoolgirl of thirteen and a frequent
+visitor at Otsego Hall, had always a warm welcome from Mr. Cooper and
+his family. When she was about to leave her Cooperstown home for another
+elsewhere, &quot;she made bold to enter his sanctum, carrying her album in
+her hand and asking him to write a verse or two in the same.&quot; Those
+verses have been treasured many years by that little girl, who became
+Mrs. George Pomeroy Keese. Two of her treasured verses are:</p>
+
+<div class="poem"><div class="stanza">
+<span>TO CAROLINE A. FOOT<br></span>
+</div><div class="stanza">
+<span>But now, dear Cally, comes the hour<br></span>
+<span class="i2">When triumph crowns thy will,<br></span>
+<span>Submissive to thy winning power<br></span>
+<span class="i2">I seize the recreant quill:<br></span>
+<span>Indite these lines to bless thy days<br></span>
+<span>And sing my peans in thy praise.<br></span>
+</div><div class="stanza">
+<span>In after life when thou shalt grow<br></span>
+<span class="i2">To womanhood, and learn to feel<br></span>
+<span>The tenderness the aged know<br></span>
+<span class="i2">To guide their children's weal,<br></span>
+<span>Then wilt thou bless with bended knee<br></span>
+<span>Some smiling child as I bless thee.<br></span>
+</div></div>
+
+<span style="margin-left: 10.5em;">J. FENIMORE COOPER.</span><br>
+Otsego Hall, August, 1843.<br>
+
+<!-- Page 301 --><a name="Page_301"></a>
+<a name="322.png"></a>
+<img src="images/322.png" alt="Miss CAROLINE ADRIANCE FOOT, AGE 13.">
+
+<p>The delight of the winsome little lady was great, not only for the
+loving sentiment but also for the autograph, which is now both rare and
+valuable. Not long after the capture of her verses a copy of them was
+sent to her friend Julia Bryant, daughter of Mr. Cooper's friend, the
+poet. Miss Julia wrote at once in reply that she never would be happy
+until she too had some lines over the same autograph. An immediate
+request was made of Mr. Cooper at his desk in the old Hall library, and
+with &quot;dear Cally&quot; by his side, he wrote:</p>
+
+Charming young lady, Miss Julia by name,<br>
+Your friend, little Cally, your wishes proclaim;<br>
+Read this and you'll soon learn to know it,<br>
+I'm not your papa the great lyric poet.<br>
+<br>
+<span style="margin-left: 14em;">J. FENIMORE COOPER.</span><br>
+
+<p><!-- Page 302 --><a name="Page_302"></a>
+On page 155 of &quot;The Cooperstown Centennial&quot; there appears &quot;A new
+glimpse of Cooper&quot;&mdash;caught and kept by yet another little girl who
+firmly believed the author to be &quot;a genuine lover of children.&quot; She
+writes that to meet him on the street &quot;was always a pleasure. His eye
+twinkled, his face beamed, and his cane pointed at you with a smile and
+a greeting of some forthcoming humor. When I happened to be passing the
+gates of the old Hall, and he and Mrs. Cooper were driving home from his
+farm, I often ran to open the gate for him, which trifling act he always
+acknowledged with old-time courtesy. His fine garden joined my father's,
+and once, being in the vicinity of the fence, he tossed me several
+muskmelons to catch, which at that time were quite rare.&quot; In 1844 Mr.
+Cooper sent this youthful miss a picture-book, &quot;The Young American's
+Library.&quot; &quot;The Primer&quot; came with a note &quot;written on large paper, with a
+large seal.&quot; It was a reprint from an English copy, and kept for sixty
+years, it is still thought &quot;delightful reading.&quot; In part the
+accompanying note reads: &quot;<!-- Page 303 --><a name="Page_303"></a>
+Hall, Cooperstown, April 22, 1844. Mr.
+Fenimore Cooper begs Miss Alice Worthington will do him the favor to
+accept the accompanying book (which was written expressly for Princess
+Alice of Great Britain).</p>
+
+<p>&quot;Mr. Cooper felt quite distressed for Miss Worthington's muff during the
+late hot weather, and begs to offer her the use of his new ice-house
+should the muff complain.&quot; Miss Alice and her cousin were out walking a
+very warm April day, with their &quot;precious muffs, which gave him the
+merry thought about the ice-house.&quot;</p>
+
+<a name="324.png"></a>
+<img src="images/324.png" alt="Miss ALICE TRUMBULL WORTHINGTON.">
+
+<p>Four years
+<!-- Page 304 --><a name="Page_304"></a>
+later Miss Worthington received another letter from Mr.
+Cooper, in acknowledgment of her sending to him a newspaper clipping
+about one of his books. Of this letter is noted: &quot;His handwriting was
+fine, beautifully clear, and very distinguished.&quot; The note reads:</p>
+
+<div class="blkquot"><p>OTSEGO HALL, COOPERSTOWN, Feb. 12, 1848.</p>
+
+<p>     MY DEAR MISS ALICE WORTHINGTON,&mdash;I have received your letter with
+     the most profound sentiments of gratitude. The compliments from the
+     newspapers did not make half the impression that was made by your
+     letter; but the attentions of a young lady of your tender years, to
+     an old man, who is old enough to be her grandfather, are not so
+     easily overlooked. Nor must you mistake the value I attach to the
+     passage cut from the paper, for, even that coming through your
+     little hands is far sweeter than would have been two candy-horns
+     filled with sugar-plums.</p>
+
+<p>     I hope that you and I and John will have an opportunity of visiting
+     the blackberry bushes next summer. I now invite you to select your
+     party&mdash;of as many little girls, and boys, too, if you can find
+     those you like, to go to my farm. It shall be your party, and the
+     invitations must go out in your name. You can have your school if
+     you like. I shall ask only one guest myself, and that will be John,
+     who knows the road.</p>
+
+<p>     With highest consideration,</p>
+
+<p>     Your most obliged and humble servant,</p>
+
+<p>     J. FENIMORE COOPER.</p></div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 305 --><a name="Page_305"></a>
+During 1844 Cooper brought to print &quot;Afloat and Ashore&quot; and &quot;Miles
+Wallingford&quot;&mdash;&quot;which two are one,&quot; he wrote, &quot;with a good deal of love
+in part second for the delight of the ladies.&quot; Adventure is plenty,
+however, and the water-craft very much alive. In England &quot;Miles
+Wallingford&quot; appeared under the name of its heroine, Lucy Harding; and,
+says one: &quot;It is a hard task not to fancy he was drawing, in slight
+particulars at least, the picture of his own wife, and telling the story
+of his early love.&quot; The tale is of the good old times in New York, and
+land scenes of her river counties.</p>
+
+
+<p>
+<a name="327.png"></a>
+<img align=right src="images/327.png" alt="LIEUT. ALEXANDER SLIDELL MACKENZIE.">
+Those interested in Cooper's review of the naval court-martial of
+Lieutenant Alexander Slidell Mackenzie, for the execution of Spencer,
+will find the whole subject and its lesson of fearful retribution in
+<i>Graham's Magazine</i> of 1843-44. Alleged &quot;mutiny on the high seas&quot; was
+charged to young Spencer. He was the son of Secretary of State John C.
+Spencer who, as superintendent of public instruction, rejected with
+harsh, short comment Cooper's &quot;Naval History&quot; offered (unknown to the
+author) for school use and directed the purchase of Mackenzie's &quot;Life of
+Perry.&quot; Just as Cooper was putting through
+<!-- Page 306 --><a name="Page_306"></a>
+the press his severe
+criticism of Mackenzie's version of the Battle of Lake Erie, the
+<i>Somers</i> returned from her unfortunate cruise. Cooper instantly stopped
+his paper at the expense of a round sum to the printer, saying: &quot;The
+poor fellow will have enough to do to escape the consequences of his own
+weakness. It is no time to be hard on him now.&quot;</p>
+
+
+<p>The year 1845 brought from Cooper's pen &quot;Satanstoe&quot;&mdash;quaint,
+old-fashioned, and the first of his three anti-rent books. Its hero, a
+member of the Littlepage family, writes his own life-story. From his
+home on one of the necks of Long-Island Sound, in Westchester County, he
+visits New York City, catches a glimpse of the pleasant
+<!-- Page 307 --><a name="Page_307"></a>
+Dutch life in
+Albany, and with comrades plunges into the wilderness to examine, work,
+and settle his new, large grant of land at Mooseridge. Professor
+Lounsbury's able life of Cooper affirms of &quot;Satanstoe&quot;: &quot;It is a picture
+of colonial life and manners in New York during the eighteenth century,
+such as can be found drawn nowhere else so truthfully and vividly.&quot; The
+title &quot;Satanstoe&quot; was given in a moment of Cooper's &quot;intense disgust&quot; at
+the &quot;canting&quot; attempt then made to change the name of the dangerous
+passage of Hell Gate, East River, to Hurl Gate.</p>
+
+<a name="328.png"></a>
+<img src="images/328.png" alt="HELL GATE.">
+
+<p>&quot;The Chainbearer,&quot; second of the anti-rent series, was published early
+in 1846, and continues the story of &quot;Satanstoe&quot; in the person of the
+hero's son, who finds in the squatters on his
+<!-- Page 308 --><a name="Page_308"></a>
+wilderness inheritance
+the first working of the disorderly spirit of anti-rent&mdash;the burning
+question of New York at that time. Honest Andries Coejemans and his
+pretty niece Ursula, the wily Newcome and rude Thousandacres of this
+story are each strong types of character.</p>
+
+<p>The key to Cooper's own character is expressed in his words: &quot;The most
+expedient thing in existence is to do right.&quot; In the hour of danger to
+aid in protecting the rights of the people from abuse of these rights by
+the evil minded among themselves, he held to be the high duty of every
+honest, generous, and wise citizen. With such sentiments in mind, he
+wrote &quot;The Redskins&quot;&mdash;the third and last of the anti-rent series.
+Distinguished jurists of our country have declared &quot;remarkable,&quot; the
+legal knowledge and skill in this series of books.</p>
+
+<p>Eighteen hundred and forty-six saw also in book form Cooper's &quot;Lives of
+Distinguished American Naval Officers,&quot; which had already appeared in
+<i>Graham's Magazine</i>. Many of these eminent men had been the author's
+friends and messmates in early life. In 1847 &quot;The Crater, or Vulcan's
+Peak&mdash;A Tale of the Pacific,&quot; came from Cooper's pen. The Introduction
+states that
+<!-- Page 309 --><a name="Page_309"></a>
+the book was written from the journal of a distinguished
+member of the Woolston family of Pennsylvania, who &quot;struggled hard to
+live more in favor with God than in favor with man,&quot; and quotes that
+warning text of Scripture: &quot;Let him that thinketh he standeth, take heed
+lest he fall!&quot; and adds, &quot;we have endeavored to imitate the simplicity
+of Captain Woolston in writing this book.&quot; The story of &quot;a ship-wrecked
+mariner, cast away on a reef not laid down on any chart.&quot; This barren
+spot the castaway makes to bloom as a rose, then brings immigrants to
+his Pacific Eden, which finally vanishes like a dream. The work is said
+to be an excellent study of the author's own character.</p>
+
+<p>Full of spirit and vigor at fifty-eight, Mr. Cooper in June, 1847, made
+a pleasant few weeks' visit to the middle west, going as far as Detroit.
+The country beyond Seneca Lake&mdash;the prairies and fine open groves of
+Michigan&mdash;was new to him. Affluent towns with well-tilled lands between,
+full of mid-summer promise, where forty years before he had crossed a
+wilderness, gave added interest to the entire way. He was far more
+deeply impressed with sublime Niagara than in his earlier years and
+before he had seen
+<!-- Page 310 --><a name="Page_310"></a>
+all the falls of Europe. The idea of weaving its
+majesty into an Indian story came to him, but, alas! was never written.</p>
+
+<a name="331.png"></a>
+<img src="images/331.png" alt="NIAGARA FALLS">
+
+<p>He was pleased with the growth and promise of Buffalo and Detroit, was
+charmed with &quot;the beautiful flowery prairies and natural groves of
+Michigan,&quot; and wrote of them: &quot;To get an idea of Prairie Round,&mdash;imagine
+an oval plain of some thirty-thousand acres, of surprising fertility,
+without an eminence; a few small cavities, however, are springs of water
+the cattle will drink.&quot; In the prairie's center was a forest island of
+some six hundred acres &quot;of the noblest native trees,&quot; and in the heart
+of this
+<!-- Page 311 --><a name="Page_311"></a>
+wood was a small round lake a quarter of a mile across. Into
+this scene Cooper called some creatures of his fancy; among them a
+bee-hunter, suggested by the following incident.</p>
+
+
+<a name="335.png"></a>
+<img src="images/335.png" alt="JUDGE BAZIL HARRISON OF KALAMAZOO, MICHIGAN.">
+<p>
+
+One morning not long after his return from Europe he was passing, as
+usual, his leisure hours at the mountain farm. While overlooking his
+workmen he espied a small skiff leaving an opposite shore-point of the
+lake and making directly for his own landing. Mr. Cooper thought the
+boatman was on an errand to himself. Presently the stranger, tin pail in
+hand, made his appearance and inquired of Cooper and his men whether a
+large swarm of bees had been seen &quot;somewhere there-abouts.&quot; He had lost
+a fine swarm early in the morning several days before, and had since
+looked in vain for them; but &quot;a near-by farmer's wife had seen them
+cross the lake that way.&quot; No bees had been seen by the men of Ch&acirc;let.
+One of them said, however, &quot;bees had been very plenty about the blossoms
+for a day or two.&quot; The farmer began to look about closely, and from the
+unusual number of bees coming and going among the flowers on the hill,
+he felt sure his honeybees were lodged somewhere near. So, with Mr.
+Cooper, much interested, the search for the lost
+<!-- Page 312 --><a name="Page_312"></a>
+swarm began. A young
+grove skirted the cliffs; above were scattered some full, tall, forest
+trees,&mdash;here and there one charred and lifeless. The farmer seemed very
+knowing as to bees, and boasted of having one of the largest bee-sheds
+in the county. Rustic jokes at his expense were made by the workmen.
+They asked him which of the great tall trees his bees had chosen; they
+wished to know, for they would like to see him climb it, as Mr. Cooper
+had said that no axe should fell his forest favorites. The farmer nodded
+his head and replied that there was no climbing nor chopping for him
+that day&mdash;the weather was too warm; that he intended to call his bees
+down&mdash;that was his fashion. Taking up his pail he began moving among the
+flowers, and soon found a honey-bee sipping from the cup of a
+rose-raspberry. He said he knew at once the face of his own bee, &quot;to say
+nothin' of the critter's talk&quot;&mdash;meaning its buzzing of wings. A glass
+with honey from the tin pail soon captured the bee: uneasy at first, it
+was soon sipping the sweets. When quite satisfied it was set free, and
+its flight closely followed by the farmer's eye. Another bee was found
+on a head of golden-rod; it was
+<!-- Page 313 --><a name="Page_313"></a>
+served the same way but set free at an
+opposite point from the first's release; this second flight was also
+closely noted. Some twelve of the tiny creatures from the clover and
+daisies were likewise treated, until the general direction of the flight
+of all was sure. This &quot;hiving the bees&quot; by the air-line they naturally
+took to their new home proved the farmer to be right, for an old,
+half-charred oak-stub, some forty feet high and &quot;one limb aloft was
+their lighting-place, and there they were buzzing about the old blighted
+bough.&quot; The farmer then went to his boat and brought back a new hive and
+placed it not far
+<!-- Page 314 --><a name="Page_314"></a>
+from the old oak; he put honey about its tiny doorway
+and strewed many flowers around it. With the sunset his bees had taken
+possession of their new home, and by moonlight they were rowed across
+the lake and placed beside the mother-swarm in the farmer's garden.</p>
+
+<p>The author placed this incident in the &quot;Prairie Round&quot; of &quot;The Oak
+Openings.&quot; Its Indian Peter shows how Christian influences in time
+triumph over revenge&mdash;the deadliest passion of the red-man's heart. On
+New Year's Day, 1848, &quot;The Oak Openings&quot; was begun, and the following
+spring saw it finished. This note appears in the author's diary:
+&quot;Saturday, January 1, 1848. Read St. John. No church. Weather very mild,
+though snow fell in the night. Walking very bad, and I paid no visits
+outside of the family. Had &mdash;&mdash; at dinner. A merry evening with the
+young people. Played chess with my wife. Wrote a little in 'Oak
+Openings' to begin the year with.&quot;</p>
+
+<p>Cooper was a born story-teller, and with a born sailor's love of salt
+water could not for long keep from spinning tales of the sea. All of
+which accounts for spirited and original &quot;Jack Tier,&quot; which came from
+his pen in 1848. The story was
+<!-- Page 315 --><a name="Page_315"></a>
+called at first &quot;Rose Budd&quot;&mdash;the name of
+the young creature who is one of its important characters. But plain,
+homely, hard-working &quot;Jack,&quot; under a sailor's garb, following her
+commonplace, grasping husband the world over, and finding herself in
+woman's gear and grief by his side when he made his last voyage of all
+without her&mdash;it is she who had <i>earned</i> the real heroine's right to the
+name &quot;Jack Tier.&quot; It is a story of the treacherous reefs off Florida and
+the deep waters of the Gulf of Mexico.</p>
+
+<p>All those quiet years in Cooperstown the author kept pace in mind and
+interest with the times, and often gave expression to his opinion on
+current events. Of General Scott in Mexico he wrote, February 1, 1848:
+&quot;Has not Scott achieved marvels! The gun-thunders in the valley of the
+Aztecs were heard in echoes across the Atlantic.&quot; Years before this the
+last chapter of &quot;The Spy&quot; paid tribute to the &quot;bravery of Scott's
+gallant brigade&quot; in 1814, at Lundy's Lane, not far from Niagara. That
+Cooper strongly condemned Scott's &quot;General Order&quot; is another record of
+later years.</p>
+
+<p>Reform&mdash;along all lines of service&mdash;was Cooper's watchword; his
+home-cry, first and
+<!-- Page 316 --><a name="Page_316"></a>
+last, was to &quot;build up our navy!&quot; And, with his
+knowledge of naval affairs and accurate estimate of seamen of all
+grades, what an admirable secretary of our navy these qualifications
+would have made him! His political instincts seemed clear and unerring.
+April 13, 1850, he thought &quot;Congress a prodigious humbug; Calhoun's
+attitude another,&quot; as was also Webster's answer, which, however, had
+&quot;capital faults.&quot; From almost a seer and a prophet came in 1850 these
+words: &quot;We are on the eve of great events. Every week knocks a link out
+of the chain of the Union.&quot; This was written to a dear and valued friend
+of South Carolina, to whom a few months later he further wrote: &quot;The
+Southerns talk of fighting Uncle Sam,&mdash;that long-armed, well-knuckled,
+hard-fisted old scamp, Uncle Sam.&quot; And among the dearest of his
+life-long friends stood this &quot;Southern&quot; Commodore, William Branford
+Shubrick. Yet in close quarters, &quot;he would rather have died than lied to
+him.&quot; His standards of honesty were as rock-hewn; and his words on his
+friend Lawrence perhaps apply as aptly to himself: &quot;There was no more
+dodge in him than there was in the mainmast.&quot;</p>
+<!-- Page 317 --><a name="Page_317"></a>
+
+<p>During some years prior to 1850, political party issues on
+&quot;Anti-slavery,&quot; grew from mild to violent. And famous in the annals of
+Cooperstown was the spirited debate, between Mr. Cooper, for
+colonization, and his friend, the Hon. Gerrit Smith, for immediate
+abolition. This vital question of national interest was given able and
+exhaustive treatment by both debaters who spoke several hours while &quot;The
+audience listened with riveted attention.&quot; At its close the two
+gentlemen walked arm in arm to the &quot;Hall,&quot; Cooper's home, where they
+dined together.</p>
+<a name="338.png"></a>
+<img src="images/338.png" alt="HON. GERRIT SMITH.">
+<a name="339.png"></a>
+<img src="images/339.png" alt="WILLIAM BRANDFORD SHUBRICK.">
+
+<p>From Mr. Keese comes an anecdote of Commodore Shubrick's visit to his
+old shipmate at Cooperstown: &quot;Mr. Cooper had a raw Irishman
+<!-- Page 318 --><a name="Page_318"></a>
+in his
+employ, as a man of all work. Sending him to the post-office one day for
+the mail, he told him to ask if there were any letters for Commodore
+Shubrick. Pat came to the window and with great confidence called out,
+'Is there any letter for Commodore Brickbat?' 'Who?' said the astonished
+postmaster. The name was repeated. A villager coming in at that time,
+the postmaster asked him if he knew who was visiting Mr. Cooper.
+'Commodore Shubrick,' was the reply. 'All, that's the name!' said Pat;
+'and sure, didn't I come near it, though!'&quot;</p>
+
+
+<p>Possibly the sailing of Sir John Franklin in 1845 for the frozen country
+of the North Star led Fenimore Cooper to write &quot;The Sea Lions,&quot; in the
+winter of 1849. When the Highlands were white, and its tree-life hoary
+with frost, the author could pen best his picture of a voyage to the
+ice-bergs, rifts, and snow-drifts, for which his two schooners, both
+called <i>The Sea Lion,</i> were launched.</p>
+
+<p>In the early years of his married life Cooper made many visits to the
+island home of a relative, by marriage, who, off the eastern shore of
+Long Island, led a half-sea life that was full
+<!-- Page 319 --><a name="Page_319"></a>
+of attraction for the
+young sailor. This gentleman only, his family and dependents, lived on
+Shelter Island, between which and the mainland all coming and going was
+by boat. Here they had shooting, fishing, and cruising a-plenty. The
+author's thorough knowledge of these waters was the probable reason for
+starting his two sealers from this port in search of valuable
+sealing-grounds in the polar seas. The schooners and their captains were
+American. One of the sealers was owned by an old, hard-fisted miser of
+Puritanic pattern, whose sweet niece Mary, pretty and simply good, makes
+the
+<!-- Page 320 --><a name="Page_320"></a>
+very lovable heroine of this book. Beneath the low porch and within
+the thrifty garden and great orchard of her island home, Mary's heart
+had been captured by Roswell Gardner, the daring young captain of her
+uncle's schooner <i>The Sea Lion</i>. In the faith of the Star and the Cross
+the young girl worshipped with strong and childlike piety, while her
+lover &quot;stood coldly by and erect with covered head,&quot;&mdash;a doubter, but
+honestly striving to find his balance. Mary prays and hopes while the
+young man sails to the far-away ice land, where, shipwrecked and alone
+with his Maker, he finds the light of Truth shining for him on the
+far-away shores of his frozen hold. Of this sea tale Professor Lounsbury
+writes: &quot;'The Sea Lions' is certainly one of the most remarkable
+conceptions that it ever entered into the mind of a novelist to create.&quot;
+And he adds: &quot;It is a powerful story.&quot;</p>
+
+<p>&quot;Ways of the Hour&quot; came from Cooper's pen in 1850. The purpose of this
+story was to attack trial by jury.</p>
+
+<p>From the time of Cooper's friendship with Charles Mathews in the early
+1820's, he had been in touch with the stage, and in June, 1850,
+<!-- Page 321 --><a name="Page_321"></a>
+he
+mentions writing a three-act play in &quot;ridicule of new notions.&quot; The
+title was &quot;Upside Down; or, Philosophy in Petticoats&quot;&mdash;a comedy. Of this
+play Cooper's friend Hackett, the American Falstaff of that day, wrote
+him: &quot;I was at Burton's its first night and saw the whole of the play.
+The first act told well; the second, pretty well, but grew heavy; the
+third dragged until the conclusion surprised the attention into <i>warm
+applause</i>.&quot;</p>
+
+
+<p>This clever but not over-successful farce closed the literary career of
+James Fenimore Cooper.</p>
+<a name="342a.png"></a>
+<img src="images/342a.png" alt="JAMES H. HACKETT">
+
+<a name="342b.png"></a>
+<img src="images/342b.png" alt="CHARLES MATHEWS">
+
+<p>Of Charles Mathews, the peerless comedy
+<!-- Page 322 --><a name="Page_322"></a>
+artist of England, and Fenimore
+Cooper, his old-time friend, Dr. John Wakefield Francis, wrote:</p>
+
+<p>&quot;During a memorable excursion made to Albany with [the actor] Dunlap,
+Mathews, and Mr. Cooper in the spring of 1823, I found him abounding in
+dramatic anecdotes as well as associations the striking scenery of the
+Hudson brought to mind. 'The Spy' was, however, the leading subject of
+Mathews' conversation. Cooper unfolded his intention of writing a series
+of works illustrative of his country, revolutionary occurrences, and the
+red man of the western world. Mathews expressed in strong terms the
+patriotic benefits of such an undertaking, and complimented Cooper on
+the specimen already furnished in Harvey Birch. The approbation of
+Mathews could never be slightly appreciated. There was little of
+flattery in him at any time. He was a sort of 'My Lord Lofty,' who
+valued himself in pride of opinion. Such an individual could not but
+enlist the feelings of Mr. Cooper. I hardly know whether I have ever
+seen Mr. Cooper manifest as much enthusiasm with any other person when
+occasion was felicitous, the subject of interest, and the comedian in
+his happy
+<!-- Page 323 --><a name="Page_323"></a>
+vein. Dunlap, were he speaking, might tell you of his
+[Cooper's] gratuities to the unfortunate playwright and the dramatic
+performer.&quot; In 1832 William Dunlap's &quot;History of the American Theatre&quot;
+was &quot;Dedicated to James Fenimore Cooper Esq., by his Friend, the
+Author.&quot;</p>
+
+<p>It was in this year of 1850 that the author's daughter, Susan Augusta,
+had her &quot;Rural Hours&quot; about ready to print. And of this book her father
+wrote: &quot;It will be out in July. There is elegance, purity, knowledge,
+and grace about it. It will make her <i>the</i> Cooper at once. Quite puts
+her papa's nose out of joint.&quot; More, concerning this book and New York
+City of that day, appears in her father's letter to her mother, written
+in that city at the Broadway Hotel, September 19, 1850.</p>
+
+<div class="blkquot"><p>BROADWAY HOTEL, September 19, 1850.</p>
+
+<p>     MY BELOVED S,&mdash;The post office is sadly out of joint. I wrote you
+     the day I arrived.... Right and left I hear of &quot;Rural Hours.&quot; I am
+     stopped in the street a dozen times a day to congratulate me. The
+     price of the fine edition is $7.00. It will be the presentation
+     volume of the season. I can see that Putnam expects to sell some
+     eight hundred or a thousand of them.... The improvements here are
+     wonderful. They build chiefly of brown freestone and noble edifices
+     of
+<!-- Page 324 --><a name="Page_324"></a>
+five and six stories with a good deal of architectural
+     pretension.... I sat three times for lithographs yesterday and with
+     vastly better success than before. The pictures are all very like
+     and very pleasing. I am to have one which will fall to your lot as
+     a matter of course. Your letter of Tuesday reached me this morning.
+     You ought to have had three letters from me by Tuesday evening.
+     F.'s [the author's daughter Frances] shawl went by &quot;A.&quot; I suppose
+     it is a courting shawl. It is almost the only one of the kind
+     Stewart had&mdash;a little too grave perhaps but scarcely so for the
+     country. Stewart is making a palace of a store. He takes the whole
+     front of the block on Broadway with fifteen windows in front&mdash;and
+     all of marble. With the tenderest regards to all, I remain yours
+     Most affectionately, J.F.C.</p></div>
+
+<a name="345a.png"></a>
+<img src="images/345a.png" alt="STEWART'S MARBLE PALACE.">
+
+<a name="345b.png"></a>
+<img src="images/345b.png" alt="MISS SUSAN AUGUSTA COOPER ABOUT 1850.">
+
+<p>Miss Cooper makes alive each season's charms, as they pass over the
+Glimmerglass and wane
+<!-- Page 326 --><a name="Page_326"></a>
+<!-- Page 327 --><a name="Page_327"></a>
+<!-- Page 325 --><a name="Page_325"></a>
+beyond Hannah's Hill. From gentry to
+humble-folk, real Cooperstown types appear and disappear among these
+pages; and even the &quot;half-a-dozen stores&quot; have place, where &quot;at the same
+counter you may buy kid gloves and a spade; a lace veil and a jug of
+molasses; a satin dress and a broom,&quot; among other things of even greater
+variety. She tells how St. Valentine's Day was celebrated in a very
+original way as <i>Vrouwen-Daghe</i>, or women's day of the old Dutch
+colonists.</p>
+
+<a name="348.png"></a>
+<img src="images/348.png" alt="OTSEGO LAKE PARTY IN 1840.">
+
+<p>She also records that first lake party to Point Judith, given by her
+grandfather, Judge Cooper, in August, 1799, but leaves the description
+of her father's lake parties to Mr. Keese: &quot;He was fond of picnic
+excursions on the lake, generally to the <i>Three Mile Point</i>, and often
+with a party of gentlemen to Gravelly, where the main treat was a
+chowder, which their host made up with great gusto. He could also brew a
+bowl of punch for festive occasions, though he himself rarely indulged
+beyond a glass of wine for dinner.&quot;
+<a name="349a.png"></a>
+<img align=right src="images/349a.png" alt="JOE TOM.">
+Concerning these festivities Mr.
+Keese adds: &quot;Lake excursions until 1840 were made by a few private boats
+or the heavy, flat-bottomed skiff which worthy Dick Case kept moored at
+the foot of Fair Street. But Dick's
+<!-- Page 328 --><a name="Page_328"></a>
+joints were too stiff to row more
+than an easy reach from the village; to the Fairy Spring was the usual
+measure of his strength. The Three Mile Point was the goal of the best
+oarsmen.
+Dick's successor in the thirties was an ugly horse-boat that in
+1840 gave place to the famous scow of Joe Tom and his men, which for
+twenty years took picnic parties to the Point. A president of our
+country, several governors of the State, and Supreme Court judges were
+among these distinguished passengers. Doing such duty the scow is seen
+in the 1840 pictures of Cooperstown. No picnic of his day was complete
+without famous 'Joe Tom,' who had men to row the scow, clean the fish,
+stew potatoes, make coffee, and announce the meal. Rowing back in the
+gloaming of a summer's night, he would awake the echoes of Natty
+Bumppo's Cave for the pleasure of the company.&quot; At times a second echo
+would return from Hannah's Hill, and a third from Mt. Vision.</p>
+
+
+<a name="349b.png"></a>
+<img src="images/349b.png" alt="NATTY'S CAVE.">
+
+<p>Between the lines can be read the hearty and cheery author's pleasure in
+all this merriment, yet, none the less, life's shadows exacted full
+attention, as the following shows: &quot;Cooper took
+<!-- Page 329 --><a name="Page_329"></a>
+a generous and active
+part in sending relief to the starving people of Ireland; for, March 8,
+1847, James Fenimore Cooper heads his town committee, and, 'in the name
+of charity and in obedience to the commands of God,' he urges
+<!-- Page 330 --><a name="Page_330"></a>
+an appeal
+'from house to house, for <i>Food</i> is wanting that we possess in
+abundance.'&quot;</p>
+
+<p>&quot;Cooper would admit of no denial of principle but could be lenient to
+offenders. One day he caught a man stealing fruit from his garden.
+Instead of flying into a passion, he told him how wrong it was to make
+the neighbors think there was no way of getting his fruit but by
+stealing it, and bid him the next time to come in at the gate and ask
+for it like a true man. Cooper then helped him to fill his basket and
+let him go.&quot; The author's fine fruit trees must have been tempting!</p>
+
+<p>One day while walking in the garden with some ladies, Mr. Cooper led the
+way to a tree well laden with fine apples. Unable to reach them, he
+called to a boy in the street, and presenting him to his friends as one
+of the best boys in the village,&mdash;one who never disturbed his fruit,&mdash;he
+lifted the little fellow up to the branches to pick apples for the
+guests, and then filled his pockets as a reward for his honesty, and
+promised him more when he came again. The delighted boy waited for a few
+days and then repeated his visit to the tree, but forgetting to ask
+permission. Not knowing him from
+<!-- Page 331 --><a name="Page_331"></a>
+frequent intruders, Mr. Cooper's high
+voice from a distance, added to the savage barking of his watch-dog,
+frightened the well-meaning forager into a resolve that he would not
+forget the easier way next time of first asking before picking.</p>
+
+<a name="352.png"></a>
+<img src="images/352.png" alt="OTSEGO HALL&mdash;BACK VIEW">
+
+<p>The author's genuine interest in his hometown folk never waned. Among
+the many and sincere expressions of his good-will were the free lectures
+he gave to the villagers. His
+<!-- Page 332 --><a name="Page_332"></a>
+descriptions of naval actions were full
+of vigor. On the blackboard he presented fleets, changing their
+positions, moving ship after ship as the contest went on, at the same
+time stating the facts in history and using his cane as a pointer.</p>
+
+<a name="353.png"></a>
+<img src="images/353.png" alt="JAMES FENIMORE COOPER.">
+
+<p>It is of note that Mr. Cooper's personal appearance in 1850 was
+remarkable. He seemed in perfect health and highest energy and activity
+of faculties, but the autumn of this year found him in New York City
+under mild ailments. His friend, Mr. George Washington Green, regretted
+not noting better his last talk with the author about this time, of
+which he says: &quot;He excused himself that morning at Putnam's for not
+rising to shake hands. 'My feet,' said he, 'are so tender that I do not
+like to stand longer than I can help.' Yet when we walked together into
+Broadway, I could not help turning now and then to admire his commanding
+figure and firm bearing. Sixty years seemed to sit lightly on him. After
+a short stroll we went to his room at the <i>Globe</i> and sat down to talk.
+I never found him so free upon his own works and literary habits. He
+confessed his partiality for Leather stocking. Said he: 'I meant to have
+added one more scene and
+<!-- Page 333 --><a name="Page_333"></a>
+<!-- Page 334 --><a name="Page_334"></a>
+introduced him in the Revolution, but I
+thought the public had had enough of him, and never ventured it.'&quot;</p>
+
+<a name="355.png"></a>
+<img src="images/355.png" alt="THE SWEDISH NIGHTINGALE (JENNY LIND).">
+
+<p>Cooper's enjoyment of the marvelous voice of &quot;The Swedish Nightingale,&quot;
+as Jenny Lind was called, the publication of his daughter's &quot;Rural
+Hours,&quot; and the active progress of his own book sales are noted in his
+letter to his beloved wife.</p>
+
+<div class="blkquot"><p>BROADWAY HOTEL, Friday, Nov. 15, 1850.</p>
+
+<p>     MY DEAREST W.,&mdash;Julia and Miss Thomas came down with me to hear
+     Jenny Lind. &quot;Have you heard
+<!-- Page 335 --><a name="Page_335"></a>
+Jenny Lind?&quot; &quot;How do you like Jenny
+     Lind?&quot; are the questions which supplant &quot;Fine weather to-day&quot; and
+     other similar comprehensive remarks. I am patiently waiting for the
+     &quot;Lake Gun&quot; [a magazine article]. I am well and shall commence in
+     earnest next week. Tell Sue [his daughter] I have seen Putnam, who
+     will be delighted to publish her new book. &quot;Naval History&quot; is a
+     little slack for the moment. There are less than a hundred copies
+     of second edition on hand and the third must be shortly prepared.
+     The fine edition will be published to-morrow. About two hundred
+     copies have been sent to the trade and with that issue he will
+     start. He has had five and twenty copies done up in papier machia
+     at $9.00. N&mdash;&mdash; is well. D.Z.
+<!-- Page 336 --><a name="Page_336"></a>
+is still here. Old Peter is not yet
+     married, but the affair is postponed until Spring, when the bride
+     and groom will return to America. They wish to prolong the
+     delightful delusion of courtship. I hope they may be as happy as we
+     have been and love each other as much forty&mdash;days after their union
+     as we do forty years.... Yours J.F.C.</p></div>
+
+<a name="357.png"></a>
+<img src="images/357.png" alt="JENNY LIND AT CASTLE GARDEN, NEW YORK CITY, 1850.">
+
+<p>At No. 1 Bond Street stood the old-time mansion of Dr. John W. Francis,
+where were welcomed many eminent in arts and letters at home and abroad,
+and where their host wrote his &quot;Reminiscences of Sixty Years.&quot; Here it
+was that Cooper, on his last visit to New York, came seeking aid for his
+failing health. But with December the author returned to Cooperstown,
+whence he wrote a friend: &quot;I have gone into dock with my old hulk, to be
+overhauled. Francis says I have congestion, and I must live low,
+deplete, and take pills. While I am frozen, my wife tells me my hands,
+feet, and body are absolutely warm. The treatment is doing good. You
+cannot imagine the old lady's delight at getting me under, in the way of
+food. I get no meat, or next to none, and no great matter in
+substitutes. This morning being Christmas, I
+<!-- Page 337 --><a name="Page_337"></a>
+had a blow-out of oysters,
+and at dinner it will go hard if I do not get a cut into the turkey. I
+have lost pounds, yet I feel strong and clearheaded. I have had a narrow
+escape, if I have escaped.&quot;</p>
+
+<a name="358a.png"></a>
+<img src="images/358a.png" alt="DR JOHN WAKEFIELD FRANCIS.">
+
+<a name="358b.png"></a>
+<img src="images/358b.png" alt="DR. FRANCIS'S HOME IN NEW YORK CITY.">
+
+<p>The following spring Cooper again went to New York City, whence he dates
+a letter to his wife:</p>
+
+<div class="blkquot"><p>Saturday, March 29, 1851</p>
+
+<p>     COLLEGE HOTEL, NEW YORK</p>
+
+<p>     Your letter of Thursday has just reached me. I am decidedly
+     better.&mdash;Last night I was actually dissipated. L.&mdash;&mdash; came for me
+     in a carriage and carried
+<!-- Page 338 --><a name="Page_338"></a>
+me off almost by force to Doctor
+     Bellows, where I met the Sketch Club, some forty people, many of
+     whom I knew. I stayed until past ten, ate a water ice, talked a
+     great deal, returned, went to bed fatigued and slept it off.&mdash;My
+     friends are very attentive to me, they all seem glad to see me and
+     think I am improving, as I certainly am.... I shall come home
+     shortly&mdash;I want to be in my garden and I wish to be in your dear
+     hands, love, for though you know nothing you do a great deal that
+     is right. Last evening I passed with Charlotte M.&mdash;who wanted to
+     take me home to nurse me. There is no chance of seeing S.&mdash;&mdash;.</p>
+
+<p>     Adieu, my love.... My blessing on the girls&mdash;all four of them.</p>
+
+<p>     J.F.C.</p></div>
+
+<p>In April, 1851, the poet Bryant wrote of him &quot;Cooper is in town, in ill
+health. When I saw him last he was in high health and excellent
+spirits.&quot; These spirits were not dashed by the progressing malady that
+took him home to Cooperstown. Not realizing what illness meant, he
+bravely accepted what it brought,&mdash;the need to dictate the later parts
+of his &quot;History of the United States Navy,&quot; and the &quot;Towns of
+Manhattan,&quot; when he himself could no longer write. The latter was
+planned, partly written, and in press at the time of his death. That
+which was printed was burnt, the manuscript in part
+<!-- Page 339 --><a name="Page_339"></a>
+rescued, and
+finished by the pen of one of the family.</p>
+
+<p>It was Fenimore Cooper's happiness to be blessed with a family whose
+greatest pleasure was to supply his every needed comfort; and one of his
+daughters was ever a companion in his pursuits, the wise and willing
+writer of his letters and dictations, and the most loving, never-tiring
+nurse of his latter days. Of these last months there is a pretty
+child-record by a friend who, &quot;entering without notice,&quot; one day saw Mr.
+Cooper &quot;lying at full length on the parlor floor, with a basket of
+cherries by his side. Upon his chest, vainly trying to bestride the
+portly form, sat his little grandson, to whom he passed cherries, and
+who, in turn, with childish glee, was dropping them, one by one, into
+his grandfather's mouth. The smiles that played over the features of
+child and man during this sweet and gentle dalliance were something not
+easily forgotten. A few months after this both child and man had passed
+beyond 'the smiling'; aye, and 'the weeping,' too.&quot;</p>
+
+<p>Letters from Cooperstown led Dr. Francis to go there August 27, 1851, to
+see his esteemed friend in his own home. And of Cooper the
+<!-- Page 340 --><a name="Page_340"></a>
+Doctor
+wrote: &quot;I explained to him the nature of his malady&mdash;frankly assured him
+that within the limits of a week a change was indispensable to lessen
+our forebodings of its ungovernable nature. He listened with fixed
+attention.&mdash;Not a murmur escaped his lips. Never was information of so
+grave a cast received by any individual in a calmer spirit.&quot;</p>
+
+<p>So passed the summer days of 1851 with the author, near his little lake,
+the Glimmerglass, and its Mt. Vision, when one mid-September Sunday
+afternoon, with his soul's high standard of right and truth undimmed,
+James Fenimore Cooper crossed the bar.</p>
+
+<p>While from youth Cooper was a reverent follower of the Christian faith,
+his religious nature deepened with added years. Eternal truth grew in
+his heart and mind as he, in time, learned to look above and beyond this
+world's sorrows and failures. In July, 1851, he was confirmed in
+Christ's Church,&mdash;the little parish church just over the way from the
+old-Hall home, whose interests he had faithfully and generously served
+as sometime warden and as vestryman since 1834.</p>
+
+<a name="361.png"></a>
+<img src="images/361.png" alt="CHRIST'S CHURCH, COOPERSTOWN, N.Y.">
+
+<p>Of one such service Mr. Keese writes that in 1840 the original
+<!-- Page 341 --><a name="Page_341"></a>
+Christ's
+Church of Cooperstown underwent important alterations. Its entire
+interior was removed and replaced by native oak. As vestryman Mr. Cooper
+was prime mover and chairman of the committee of change, and hearing of
+the chancel screen in the old Johnstown church, first built by Sir
+William Johnson, he took a carpenter and went there to have drawings
+made of this white-painted pine screen, which at his own expense he had
+reproduced with fine, ornamental effect in oak, and made it a gift to
+Christ's Church. It was removed from Christ's Church about 1891, badly
+broken and abandoned. This
+<!-- Page 342 --><a name="Page_342"></a>
+so disturbed Cooper's daughters that his
+grandson, James Fenimore Cooper of Albany, New York, had the pieces
+collected, and stored them for using in his Cooperstown home; but he&mdash;by
+request of the Reverend Mr. Birdsall&mdash;had them made into two screens for
+the aisles of the church, where they were erected as a memorial to his
+father, Paul Fenimore, and his great-grandfather, Judge William Cooper.</p>
+
+<a name="363.png"></a>
+<img src="images/363.png" alt="FENIMORE COOPER'S SCREEN GIFT.">
+
+<p>Mr. Keese's words, dating January, 1910, are: &quot;And now comes in a rather
+singular discovery made by the writer a few days ago: In looking over a
+book in my library, published
+<!-- Page 343 --><a name="Page_343"></a>
+about ninety years ago, there is an
+article on Newstead Abbey, Nottinghamshire, England, with a steel
+engraving of the front of the Abbey, which is almost identical with the
+design of the original screen in Christ Church. Who was responsible for
+transplanting the same to this country appears to be unknown, but the
+fact is interesting in that Newstead Abbey was the home of the Byron
+family and that of Lord Byron.&quot;</p>
+
+<p>In a letter of April 22, 1840, to H. Bleeker, Esq., Cooper wrote of this
+screen: &quot;I have just been revolutionizing Christ's Church, Cooperstown,
+not turning out a vestry but converting its pine interior into
+oak&mdash;<i>bona fide</i> oak, and erecting a screen that I trust, though it may
+have no influence on my soul, will carry my name down to posterity. It
+is really a pretty thing&mdash;pure Gothic, and is the wonder of the country
+round.&quot;</p>
+
+<p>Of Cooper himself was said: &quot;Thus step by step his feet were guided into
+the ways of peace.&quot; It was of the Protestant Episcopal church that his
+wife's brother, William Heathcote de Lancey&mdash;a genius of goodness&mdash;was
+bishop.</p>
+
+<a name="364.png"></a>
+<img src="images/364.png" alt="BISHOP WILLIAM HEATHCOTE DE LANCEY.">
+
+<p><!-- Page 344 --><a name="Page_344"></a>
+A beautiful, tender, and touching tribute to the love of his life was
+Fenimore Cooper's will. In part it reads: &quot;I, James Fenimore Cooper,
+give and bequeath to my wife, Susan Augusta, all my property, whether
+personal or mixed, to be enjoyed by her and her heirs forever. I make my
+said wife the executrix of my will.&quot;</p>
+
+<p>In a little over four months his wife followed him to the far country.
+Of his children, Elizabeth, the first-born, died in infancy; Susan
+Augusta, the author, was the second; the third, Caroline Martha, became
+Mrs. Henry Frederick Phinney; next came Anne Charlotte, then Maria
+Frances, who married Richard
+<!-- Page 345 --><a name="Page_345"></a>
+Cooper; Fenimore, the first son, they lost
+in babyhood, and Paul Fenimore, the youngest, became a member of the bar
+in Albany, New York.</p>
+
+<a name="366.png"></a>
+<img src="images/366.png" alt="THE DE LANCEY ARMS.">
+
+<p>Cooper left his family a competency, but the Hall home soon passed into
+other hands; later it was burnt. From rescued brick an attractive house
+was built on the west bank of the Susquehanna for his daughters Susan
+Augusta and Anne Charlotte, both now resting near father and mother in
+Christ's Church yard. Their niece, Miss Susan Augusta Cooper, daughter
+of their sister, Maria Frances, Mrs. Richard Cooper, now lives in this
+picturesque house, and there she reverently treasures many personal
+<!-- Page 347 --><a name="Page_347"></a>
+<!-- Page 346 --><a name="Page_346"></a>
+belongings of her famous grandfather, and also those of her
+author-aunt, Susan Augusta Cooper, whose best memorial, however, is the
+noble orphanage on the river-bank some ways below. The oaken doors saved
+from the flames of the burning Hall served for this new home, which
+overlooked the grounds of their old home. The site of the latter is
+marked by Ward's &quot;Indian Hunter.&quot; Aptly placed, peering through mists of
+green toward the author's church-yard grave, he is a most fitting
+guardian of the one-time garden of Fenimore Cooper.</p>
+
+<a name="368a.png"></a>
+<img src="images/368a.png" alt="THE NEW HOME AND THE OLD HOME.">
+
+<a name="368b.png"></a>
+<img src="images/368b.png" alt="INDIAN HUNTER">
+
+<p><!-- Page 348 --><a name="Page_348"></a><!-- Page 349 --><a name="Page_349"></a>
+By the generosity of the late Mrs. Henry Codman Potter, this hunter's
+domain has been transformed into beautiful &quot;Cooper Grounds&quot;; and here
+the red-man of bronze keeps ward and watch over memories that enshrine
+the genius of a noble soul whose records of this vanishing race are for
+all time.</p>
+
+<a name="370.png"></a>
+<img src="images/370.png" alt="COOPER GROUNDS">
+
+<p>A gentleman just from continental Europe in 1851 said of people there:
+&quot;They are all reading Cooper.&quot; A traveler, returned from Italy about
+that time, wrote: &quot;I found all they knew of America&mdash;and that was not a
+little&mdash;they had learned from Cooper's novels.&quot; When an eminent
+physician who was called to attend some German immigrants asked how they
+knew so much of their new-home country, they replied: &quot;We learned it all
+from Cooper. We have four translations of his works in German, and we
+all read them.&quot; February 22, 1852, Charles G. Leland of Philadelphia
+wrote of Cooper's works: &quot;There were several translations issued at
+Frankfort, Germany, in 1824, in two hundred and fifty parts, a second
+large edition in 1834, and a third in 1851. All his works, more than
+Scott and Shakespeare, are household words to the German people.&quot;
+Library records of to-day
+<!-- Page 350 --><a name="Page_350"></a>
+show no waning of this early popularity of
+the &quot;Leatherstocking Tales&quot; and &quot;Sea Stories&quot; of Fenimore Cooper. In
+1883 Victor Hugo told General Wilson that excepting the authors of
+France, &quot;Cooper was the greatest novelist of the century.&quot; It was Balzac
+who said: &quot;If Cooper had succeeded in the painting of character to the
+same extent that he did in the painting the phenomena of nature, he
+would have uttered the last word of our art.&quot;</p>
+
+<p>From Hanau-on-Main, Germany, January, 1912, Herr Rudolf Drescher writes:
+&quot;Within two years two new translations of Cooper's complete works have
+been issued. One at Berlin, the other at Leipsic. 180 pictures by the
+artist Max Slevogt held one edition at $192, the other with less
+pictures was $60, and both were sold. Cheaper editions without pictures
+also met with large sales. I possess an 1826, German copy of 'The
+Pioneers.'&quot; Another record is, Cooper's works have been seen &quot;in thirty
+different countries, in the languages of Finland, Turkey and Persia, in
+Constantinople, in Egypt, at Jerusalem, at Ispahan.&quot;</p>
+
+<p><!-- Page 351 --><a name="Page_351"></a>
+The author's literary cruise, dating back three years before the
+launching of &quot;The Pilot&quot; in 1823, was a long one. And no admiral of
+mortal fame ever led so sturdy and motley a fleet&mdash;from the proud
+man-of-war to the light felucca, gondola, and bark-canoe&mdash;over ocean and
+inland waters. With visions of forests, its moving spirit and skilful
+pilot still stands at the helm, the full light of the ages upon &quot;eye,
+arm, sail, spar, and flag.&quot; Thus is Fenimore Cooper firmly anchored in
+the mind and heart of posterity as the creator of American romance.</p>
+
+<p>August, 1907, &quot;Historic Cooperstown&quot; held her Memorial Celebration. Her
+founder, Judge William Cooper, his hardy pioneers, and the &quot;memory of
+one whose genius had given her Glimmerglass country world-wide fame,&quot;
+were honored with world-wide tributes. Among these were addresses,
+heartfelt, and able, from the late Bishop Henry Codman Potter, on &quot;The
+Religious Future&quot;; Francis Whiting Halsey, on &quot;The Headwaters of the
+Susquehanna&quot;; George Pomeroy Keese, on &quot;Early Days of Cooperstown,&quot; and
+James Fenimore Cooper of Albany, New York, on his great-grandfather
+&quot;William Cooper.&quot;</p>
+
+<p><!-- Page 352 --><a name="Page_352"></a>
+From &quot;The Cooperstown Centennial&quot; one learns that at five o'clock on
+Wednesday afternoon of August 7 many people were reverently taking part
+in solemn services around the grave of James Fenimore Cooper and beneath
+the glinting tree-shadows of Christ's Church yard. The service began
+with a procession of young girls in white surrounding the author's last
+resting-place, where verses on Cooper were recited by Miss Wilkinson;
+then the little folk sang the lyric tribute of Mr. Saxton:</p>
+
+<div class="poem"><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i2">0, great magician, may the life<br></span>
+<span class="i2">We lead be such a one as thine&mdash;<br></span>
+<span>A simple life, transcending art,<br></span>
+<span>A spirit close to Nature's heart,<br></span>
+<span class="i2">A soul as strong and clear, and fine.<br></span>
+</div></div>
+
+<a name="373.png"></a>
+<img src="images/373.png" alt="THE CHILDREN'S TRIBUTE.">
+
+<p><!-- Page 353 --><a name="Page_353"></a>
+After singing, the children, gathering around, covered the marble slab
+with their tributes&mdash;the flowers of the season. Some poetic pictures in
+blank verse were given of Cooper's works, by the Reverend Dr. W.W.
+Battershall of St. Peter's Church in Albany, New York, the present
+rector, and successor of Doctor Ellison, Cooper's boyhood instructor.
+Then the Rev. Ralph Birdsall, rector of the author's &quot;little parish
+church,&quot; spoke of Fenimore Cooper's church-yard home: &quot;A marble slab
+that bears no praise for fame or virtue; only a simple cross, symbol of
+the faith in which he lived and died, and upon which he based his hopes
+of immortality.&quot; The soldier lying near, brought from the field of
+honor; the author's old neighbors, who exchanged with him in life the
+friendly nod; hands that were calloused with the axe and shovel, and
+Judge Temple's aged slave in narrow home&mdash;all sleeping beneath the same
+sward and glancing shadows are not less honored now than is the plain,
+unpolished slab of stone, bearing two dates,&mdash;of birth and entrance into
+the life eternal of James Fenimore Cooper.</p>
+
+<p>On his airy height of the &quot;Cooper Memorial,&quot; gleaming white through the
+lakewood slope of
+<!-- Page 354 --><a name="Page_354"></a>
+Mt. Vision, wondrous Leatherstocking stands, a rare
+tribute to simple, uplifting goodness. Clad in his hunting-shirt,
+deerskin cap, and leggings, his powder-horn and bullet-pouch swung over
+his shoulder, his dog Hector at his feet, looking up with speaking
+expression into the fine, wise, honest face of his master, stands Natty,
+gazing over all the lake he loved so well.</p>
+
+<a name="375.png"></a>
+<img src="images/375.png" alt="LAKE OTSEGO.">
+
+<div class="poem"><div class="stanza">
+<span>&mdash;&mdash; o'er no sweeter lake<br></span>
+<span>Shall morning break or noon-cloud sail;<br></span>
+<span>No fairer face than thine shall take<br></span>
+<span class="i2">The sunset's golden veil.<br></span>
+</div><div class="stanza">
+<span>J.G. WHITTIER.<br></span>
+</div></div>
+
+<p>&quot;<!-- Page 355 --><a name="Page_355"></a>
+Cooper had no predecessor and no successor in his own field of
+fiction; he stood alone,&mdash;he was a creator, and his 'Natty' will stand
+forever as the most original of pioneer characters,&quot; wrote Henry M.
+Alden.</p>
+
+<a name="376.png"></a>
+<img src="images/376.png" alt="LEATHERSTOCKING FIGURE OF COOPER MEMORIAL.">
+
+<p>With Rev. Mr. Birdsall, many think the time has come when the fame of
+Fenimore Cooper demands a world-given memorial in Cooperstown. A
+lifelike statue from an <i>artist's</i> chisel should show the &quot;'prose poet
+of the silent woods and stormy seas' seated, pen in hand, gazing
+dreamily for inspiration over the Glimmerglass, where the phantom
+creatures of his genius brood.&quot; Let it stand, a new-world literary
+shrine, in the square fronting the Old-Hall home
+<!-- Page 356 --><a name="Page_356"></a>
+site, which northward
+commands a sweeping view of his &quot;little lake&quot; and a side glimpse of
+lofty Leatherstocking of the tree-tops&mdash;not far away.</p>
+
+<a name="377.png"></a>
+<img src="images/377.png" alt="LEATHERSTOCKING MONUMENT">
+
+<div class="poem"><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i2">And strewn the flowers of memory here.<br></span>
+<span>For one whose fingers, years ago,<br></span>
+<span class="i2">Their work well finished, dropped the pen;<br></span>
+<span>Whose master mind from land to sea<br></span>
+<span>Drew forms heroic, long to be<br></span>
+<span class="i2">The living types of vanished men.<br></span>
+<span class="i31">A.B. SAXTON.<br></span>
+</div></div>
+
+<!-- Page 357 --><a name="Page_357"></a>
+<a name="378.png"></a>
+<img src="images/378.png" alt="GEORGE POMEROY KEESE.">
+
+<p>IN MEMORIAM</p>
+
+<p>GEORGE POMEROY KEESE</p>
+
+<p>On April 22, 1910, and at the home of his son, Theodore Keese, in New
+York City, came the Spirit-Land call to the late George Pomeroy Keese.
+It was also in New York City that he was born, on January 14, 1828. His
+parents were Theodore Keese and Georgiann Pomeroy, niece of James
+Fenimore Cooper. This grand-nephew of the author enjoyed four score and
+more of full, active years, mostly spent in Cooperstown, N.Y., and he
+gave of them generously in serving the welfare and interests of that
+village. There Edgewater, Mr. Keese's attractive home, overlooks, from
+the south, the entire length and beauty of Lake Otsego, whose waters and
+banks are haunted by Cooper's creations.</p>
+
+<p>From Mr. Keese is quoted:</p>
+
+<p>&quot;George Pomeroy of Northampton, Mass., came to Cooperstown among the
+early settlers in 1801. He married the only living sister of Fenimore
+Cooper in 1803.</p>
+
+<p>&quot;His ancestry dates back to the coming of William the Conqueror from
+Normandy in 1066.
+<!-- Page 359 --><a name="Page_359"></a><!-- Page 358 --><a name="Page_358"></a>
+At this time Ralph de Pomeroy accompanied the Norman
+duke to England and rendered him such valuable assistance that he
+received from him no fewer than fifty-eight lordships in Devonshire as a
+reward for his services. Selecting a favorable site, not far from the
+banks of the river Dart, Ralph de Pomeroy erected thereon the celebrated
+stronghold that now bears the family name of Berry-Pomeroy Castle, the
+stately ruins of which are still visited as one of the most picturesque
+objects of interest in the county of Devon.</p>
+
+<p>&quot;The descendants of the founder of Berry-Pomeroy retained the lands
+belonging to their ancestral home until the time of Edward VI, when at
+the period of the rebellion of that date they were seized by the crown
+and bestowed upon the haughty Lord Protector Somerset in whose family
+they still remain.&quot;</p>
+
+<p>October 10, 1849, Mr. Keese married Caroline Adriance Foote, daughter of
+Surgeon Lyman Foote, U.S.A., who, with seven of their children, survives
+her husband. From childhood Mrs. Keese well knew Fenimore Cooper.</p>
+
+<p>From his tender years to the age of twenty-four Mr. Keese lived in close
+touch with the author until his death in 1851. Afterwards such near
+association, affection and ability made Mr. Keese a veritable stronghold
+of authentic values concerning this grand-uncle. After his five years
+<!-- Page 360 --><a name="Page_360"></a>
+of patient, careful direction given to the preparation of this
+<i>personal</i> life of James Fenimore Cooper, the spirit of George Pomeroy
+Keese passed to the Land of Everlasting Light.</p>
+
+<p>As a traveled, scholarly, wise, and gentle man, Mr. Keese kept in live
+pace with current events, and he possessed that strong, rare quality of
+character which &quot;says little and does much,&quot; and compels esteem and
+devotion from all human kind.</p>
+
+<p>Amongst Mr. Keese's various writings is &quot;The Historic Records of
+Christ's Church, Cooperstown, N.Y.&quot; The rector, Reverend Ralph Birdsall,
+has written of its author: &quot;At the altar of Christ's Church abides the
+secret that made Mr. Keese a man so widely honored and beloved.&quot;</p>
+
+<p>MARY E. PHILLIPS.</p>
+
+<a name="381.png"></a>
+<img src="images/381.png" alt="BERRY POMEROY CASTLE.">
+
+
+<!-- Page 363 --><a name="Page_363"></a>
+<!-- Page 362 --><a name="Page_362"></a>
+<!-- Page 361 --><a name="Page_361"></a>
+
+<hr class="major">
+<a name="INDEX"></a><h2>INDEX</h2>
+
+
+<p>&quot;Afloat and Ashore,&quot; <a href="#Page_305">305</a></p>
+
+<p>Albany, N.Y., <a href="#Page_4">4</a>, <a href="#Page_8">8</a>, <a href="#Page_27">27</a>-<a href="#Page_31">31</a>, <a href="#Page_38">38</a>, <a href="#Page_62">62</a>, <a href="#Page_104">104</a>, <a href="#Page_120">120</a>, <a href="#Page_123">123</a>, <a href="#Page_345">345</a></p>
+
+<p>Alden, Henry M, <a href="#Page_355">355</a></p>
+
+<p>Allen, James, <a href="#Page_34">34</a>-<a href="#Page_35">35</a></p>
+
+<p>&quot;American Democrat, The,&quot; <a href="#Page_272">272</a></p>
+
+<p>d'Angers, Pierre Jean David, <a href="#Page_144">144</a>-<a href="#Page_146">146</a></p>
+
+<p>&quot;Autobiography of a Pocket Handkerchief, The,&quot; <a href="#Page_293">293</a></p>
+
+<p>Baillie, Joanna, <a href="#Page_183">183</a></p>
+
+<p>Balzac, <a href="#Page_60">60</a>, <a href="#Page_276">276</a>, <a href="#Page_278">278</a>, <a href="#Page_350">350</a></p>
+
+<p>Bancker, Richard, Mrs. (Sarah Duyckinck), <a href="#Page_88">88</a>-<a href="#Page_89">89</a></p>
+
+<p>Bancroft, George, <a href="#Page_117">117</a></p>
+
+<p>Barnstable, <a href="#Page_43">43</a></p>
+
+<p>Battershall, W.W., <a href="#Page_353">353</a></p>
+
+<p>Belgium, <a href="#Page_184">184</a>, <a href="#Page_244">244</a>-<a href="#Page_247">247</a></p>
+
+<p>Bella Genovese, the, <a href="#Page_290">290</a>-<a href="#Page_293">293</a></p>
+
+<p>Benedict, Mrs. Clare, <a href="#Page_22">22</a>-<a href="#Page_23">23</a></p>
+
+<p>Benjamin, Park, <a href="#Page_273">273</a>, <a href="#Page_275">275</a></p>
+
+<p>B&eacute;ranger, <a href="#Page_151">151</a></p>
+
+<p>de Berri, Duchesse, <a href="#Page_153">153</a></p>
+
+<p>Birdsall, Rev. Ralph, <a href="#Page_86">86</a>, <a href="#Page_342">342</a>, <a href="#Page_353">353</a>-<a href="#Page_355">355</a></p>
+
+<p>Bleeker, H., <a href="#Page_343">343</a></p>
+
+<p>Bonaparte, Princess Charlotte, <a href="#Page_205">205</a></p>
+
+<p>Bonaparte, Madame Letizia, <a href="#Page_205">205</a>, <a href="#Page_293">293</a></p>
+
+<p>Bonaparte, Napoleon I, <a href="#Page_44">44</a>, <a href="#Page_137">137</a>, <a href="#Page_192">192</a>, <a href="#Page_244">244</a>, <a href="#Page_292">292</a></p>
+
+<p>Bonaparte, Napoleon Louis, Count St Leu, <a href="#Page_204">204</a>-<a href="#Page_205">205</a>, <a href="#Page_207">207</a></p>
+
+<p>Booth, Junius Brutus, <a href="#Page_90">90</a></p>
+
+<p>Box, Newport, <a href="#Page_159">159</a></p>
+
+<p>&quot;Bravo, The,&quot; <a href="#Page_225">225</a>-<a href="#Page_229">229</a>, <a href="#Page_259">259</a></p>
+
+<p>Bread and Cheese Club, <a href="#Page_95">95</a>-<a href="#Page_9">9</a>, <a href="#Page_185">185</a></p>
+
+<p>Bryant, Julia, <a href="#Page_301">301</a>-<a href="#Page_302">302</a></p>
+
+<p>Bryant, W.C., <a href="#Page_84">84</a>, <a href="#Page_105">105</a>, <a href="#Page_110">110</a>-<a href="#Page_113">113</a>, <a href="#Page_128">128</a>, <a href="#Page_238">238</a>, <a href="#Page_278">278</a>, <a href="#Page_338">338</a></p>
+
+<p>Buffalo, N.Y., <a href="#Page_52">52</a>-<a href="#Page_56">56</a></p>
+
+<p>Burlington, N.J., xii, <a href="#Page_1">1</a>, <a href="#Page_2">2</a>, <a href="#Page_8">8</a>, <a href="#Page_60">60</a></p>
+
+<p>Canning, George, <a href="#Page_139">139</a></p>
+
+<p>Case, Dick, <a href="#Page_327">327</a>-<a href="#Page_328">328</a></p>
+
+<p>Cave, Harvey Birch's, <a href="#Page_81">81</a></p>
+
+<p>&quot;Chainbearer, The,&quot; <a href="#Page_307">307</a>-<a href="#Page_308">308</a></p>
+
+<p>Champlain, Lake, <a href="#Page_60">60</a></p>
+
+<p>Charles X of France, <a href="#Page_153">153</a>, <a href="#Page_234">234</a></p>
+
+<p>Chauncey, Capt. Isaac, <a href="#Page_138">138</a></p>
+
+<p>Chauntry, Sir Francis, <a href="#Page_174">174</a>-<a href="#Page_176">176</a></p>
+
+<p>Clay Henry, <a href="#Page_131">131</a></p>
+
+<p>Clinton, De Witt, <a href="#Page_75">75</a></p>
+
+<p>Clinton, Gen. James, <a href="#Page_104">104</a></p>
+
+<p>Cole, Thomas, <a href="#Page_278">278</a></p>
+
+<p>Coleridge, Samuel Taylor, <a href="#Page_183">183</a></p>
+
+<p>Columbus, <a href="#Page_281">281</a>-<a href="#Page_282">282</a></p>
+
+<p>Cooper, Ann, Cooper's sister <i>See Mrs. Geo. Pomeroy.</i></p>
+
+<p>Cooper, Anne Charlotte, daughter, <a href="#Page_16">16</a>, <a href="#Page_344">344</a>-<a href="#Page_345">345</a></p>
+
+<p>Cooper, Caroline Martha, <a href="#Page_344">344</a></p>
+
+<p>Cooper, Elizabeth, daughter, <a href="#Page_71">71</a>-<a href="#Page_72">72</a>, <a href="#Page_344">344</a></p>
+
+<p>Cooper, Elizabeth Fenimore, mother, <a href="#Page_2">2</a>, <a href="#Page_3">3</a>, <a href="#Page_64">64</a>, <a href="#Page_71">71</a>-<a href="#Page_73">73</a></p>
+
+<p>Cooper, Fenimore, son, <a href="#Page_88">88</a>, <a href="#Page_100">100</a>, <a href="#Page_345">345</a></p>
+
+<p>Cooper, Hannah, sister, <a href="#Page_13">13</a>-<a href="#Page_19">19</a></p>
+
+<p>Cooper, Isaac, brother, <a href="#Page_20">20</a>, <a href="#Page_72">72</a></p>
+
+<p>Cooper, James, great-great-grandfather, <a href="#Page_2">2</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Cooper, James Fenimore.<br>
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Accuracy, <a href="#Page_106">106</a>, <a href="#Page_109">109</a>, <a href="#Page_115">115</a>-<a href="#Page_118">118</a>, <a href="#Page_123">123</a>, <a href="#Page_127">127</a>, <a href="#Page_277">277</a>, <a href="#Page_282">282</a>, <a href="#Page_288">288</a>-<a href="#Page_290">290</a>;</span><br>
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">ancestry, <a href="#Page_2">2</a>-<a href="#Page_4">4</a>;</span><br>
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">birth, <a href="#Page_1">1</a>;</span><br>
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">boyhood, <a href="#Page_12">12</a>, <a href="#Page_13">13</a>, <a href="#Page_19">19</a>, <a href="#Page_23">23</a>-<a href="#Page_35">35</a>, <a href="#Page_39">39</a>;</span><br>
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">courage, <a href="#Page_259">259</a>, <a href="#Page_273">273</a>, <a href="#Page_308">308</a>;</span><br>
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">death, <a href="#Page_340">340</a>;</span><br>
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">honors, public, <a href="#Page_99">99</a>, <a href="#Page_111">111</a>-<a href="#Page_112">112</a>, <a href="#Page_114">114</a>, <a href="#Page_131">131</a>, <a href="#Page_192">192</a>, <a href="#Page_281">281</a>;</span><br>
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">prices of works, <a href="#Page_276">276</a>-<a href="#Page_277">277</a>, <a href="#Page_350">350</a>;</span><br>
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">industry, <a href="#Page_43">43</a>, <a href="#Page_114">114</a>;</span><br>
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">generosity, <a href="#Page_57">57</a>, <a href="#Page_105">105</a>-<a href="#Page_106">106</a>, <a href="#Page_219">219</a>, <a href="#Page_329">329</a>, <a href="#Page_332">332</a>;</span><br>
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">screen gift, <a href="#Page_340">340</a>-<a href="#Page_343">343</a>;</span><br>
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">love of art, <a href="#Page_198">198</a>, <a href="#Page_203">203</a>, <a href="#Page_239">239</a>-<a href="#Page_240">240</a>;</span><br>
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">marriage, <a href="#Page_68">68</a>;</span><br>
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">name, change of, <a href="#Page_2">2</a>, <a href="#Page_119">119</a>-<a href="#Page_120">120</a>;</span><br>
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">naval officer, <a href="#Page_53">53</a>-<a href="#Page_70">70</a>;</span><br>
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">patriotism, <a href="#Page_64">64</a>, <a href="#Page_79">79</a>, <a href="#Page_185">185</a>, <a href="#Page_232">232</a>, <a href="#Page_243">243</a>, <a href="#Page_258">258</a>-<a href="#Page_260">260</a>, <a href="#Page_273">273</a>;</span><br>
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">personality, <a href="#Page_12">12</a>, <a href="#Page_49">49</a>, <a href="#Page_111">111</a>-<a href="#Page_112">112</a>, <a href="#Page_149">149</a>-<a href="#Page_152">152</a>, <a href="#Page_259">259</a>, <a href="#Page_267">267</a>, <a href="#Page_269">269</a>, <a href="#Page_280">280</a>-<a href="#Page_281">281</a>.</span><br>
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Portraits:</span><br>
+<span style="margin-left: 2em;">bust by d'Angers, <a href="#Page_145">145</a>;</span><br>
+<span style="margin-left: 2em;">bust by Greenough, <a href="#Page_198">198</a>-<a href="#Page_200">200</a>;</span><br>
+<span style="margin-left: 2em;">daguerreotype by Brady, <a href="#Page_279">279</a>, <a href="#Page_333">333</a>;</span><br>
+<span style="margin-left: 2em;">in oil by Jarvis, <a href="#Page_91">91</a>, <a href="#Page_146">146</a>;</span><br>
+<span style="margin-left: 2em;">in oil by Madame de Mirbel, <a href="#Page_143">143</a>;</span><br>
+<span style="margin-left: 2em;">Paris drawing (<a href="#Page_182">182</a>7), <a href="#Page_148">148</a>;</span><br>
+<span style="margin-left: 2em;">Yale silhouette, <a href="#Page_39">39</a>;</span><br>
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">sailor, the, <a href="#Page_42">42</a>-<a href="#Page_48">48</a>;</span><br>
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">translations of works, <a href="#Page_350">350</a>.</span></p><br>
+
+<p>Cooper, James Fenimore, grandson, x, <a href="#Page_3">3</a>-<a href="#Page_5">5</a>, <a href="#Page_342">342</a>, <a href="#Page_351">351</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Cooper, Maria Frances, daughter, <a href="#Page_324">324</a>, <a href="#Page_342">342</a>-<a href="#Page_345">345</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Cooper, Paul Fenimore, son, <a href="#Page_100">100</a>, <a href="#Page_214">214</a>, <a href="#Page_216">216</a>-<a href="#Page_217">217</a>, <a href="#Page_243">243</a>, <a href="#Page_342">342</a>, <a href="#Page_345">345</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Cooper, Richard Fenimore, brother, <a href="#Page_20">20</a>, <a href="#Page_26">26</a>, <a href="#Page_62">62</a>, <a href="#Page_72">72</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Cooper, Richard Fenimore, nephew, <a href="#Page_344">344</a>, <a href="#Page_345">345</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Cooper, Susan Augusta, wife, <a href="#Page_63">63</a>-<a href="#Page_65">65</a>, <a href="#Page_68">68</a>, <a href="#Page_71">71</a>-<a href="#Page_72">72</a>, <a href="#Page_77">77</a>, <a href="#Page_98">98</a>, <a href="#Page_124">124</a>-<a href="#Page_125">125</a>, <a href="#Page_132">132</a>,
+<a href="#Page_146">146</a>-<a href="#Page_147">147</a>, <a href="#Page_154">154</a>, <a href="#Page_165">165</a>-<a href="#Page_166">166</a>, <a href="#Page_247">247</a>, <a href="#Page_250">250</a>, <a href="#Page_264">264</a>, <a href="#Page_268">268</a>, <a href="#Page_314">314</a>, <a href="#Page_323">323</a>-<a href="#Page_324">324</a>, <a href="#Page_334">334</a>-<a href="#Page_338">338</a>,
+<a href="#Page_343">343</a>-<a href="#Page_344">344</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Cooper, Susan Augusta, daughter, <a href="#Page_13">13</a>, <a href="#Page_54">54</a>, <a href="#Page_71">71</a>, <a href="#Page_139">139</a>, <a href="#Page_142">142</a>, <a href="#Page_220">220</a>, <a href="#Page_243">243</a>, <a href="#Page_265">265</a>,
+<a href="#Page_268">268</a>, <a href="#Page_282">282</a>, <a href="#Page_314">314</a>, <a href="#Page_323">323</a>-<a href="#Page_327">327</a>, <a href="#Page_334">334</a>-<a href="#Page_335">335</a>, <a href="#Page_344">344</a>-<a href="#Page_345">345</a>, <a href="#Page_347">347</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Cooper, Susan Augusta, granddaughter, <a href="#Page_345">345</a>, <a href="#Page_347">347</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Cooper, William, father, <a href="#Page_2">2</a>, <a href="#Page_4">4</a>-<a href="#Page_11">11</a>, <a href="#Page_16">16</a>, <a href="#Page_34">34</a>, <a href="#Page_36">36</a>, <a href="#Page_42">42</a>, <a href="#Page_53">53</a>, <a href="#Page_62">62</a>, <a href="#Page_101">101</a>, <a href="#Page_103">103</a>, <a href="#Page_112">112</a>,
+<a href="#Page_342">342</a>, <a href="#Page_351">351</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Cooper, William, nephew, <a href="#Page_142">142</a>, <a href="#Page_193">193</a>.</p>
+
+Cooperstown, N.Y., xi, <a href="#Page_15">15</a>, <a href="#Page_33">33</a>, <a href="#Page_69">69</a>, <a href="#Page_71">71</a>, <a href="#Page_274">274</a>, <a href="#Page_296">296</a>-<a href="#Page_299">299</a>, <a href="#Page_315">315</a>, <a href="#Page_317">317</a>, <a href="#Page_328">328</a>, <a href="#Page_336">336</a>,<br>
+<a href="#Page_338">338</a>-<a href="#Page_348">348</a>, <a href="#Page_351">351</a>-<a href="#Page_354">354</a>.<br>
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Ch&acirc;let Farm, <a href="#Page_296">296</a>-<a href="#Page_299">299</a>, <a href="#Page_311">311</a>-<a href="#Page_314">314</a>, <a href="#Page_327">327</a>.</span><br>
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">&quot;Chronicles of,&quot; <a href="#Page_34">34</a>, <a href="#Page_102">102</a>.</span><br>
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Fenimore Farm home, <a href="#Page_71">71</a>-<a href="#Page_72">72</a>.</span><br>
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Manor, The, <a href="#Page_8">8</a>, <a href="#Page_9">9</a>, <a href="#Page_103">103</a>.</span><br>
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Otsego Hall, <a href="#Page_8">8</a>, <a href="#Page_9">9</a>, <a href="#Page_16">16</a>, <a href="#Page_100">100</a>, <a href="#Page_261">261</a>-<a href="#Page_265">265</a>, <a href="#Page_300">300</a>, <a href="#Page_317">317</a>, <a href="#Page_340">340</a>, <a href="#Page_345">345</a>-<a href="#Page_347">347</a>.</span><br>
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Otsego Lake, <a href="#Page_4">4</a>, <a href="#Page_5">5</a>, <a href="#Page_6">6</a>, <a href="#Page_18">18</a>-<a href="#Page_21">21</a>, <a href="#Page_27">27</a>-<a href="#Page_28">28</a>, <a href="#Page_71">71</a>, <a href="#Page_104">104</a>, <a href="#Page_261">261</a>, <a href="#Page_265">265</a>, <a href="#Page_276">276</a>, <a href="#Page_282">282</a>-<a href="#Page_286">286</a>,</span><br>
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;"><a href="#Page_2">2</a><a href="#Page_296">296</a>, <a href="#Page_324">324</a>-<a href="#Page_328">328</a>, <a href="#Page_340">340</a>, <a href="#Page_356">356</a>.</span><br>
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Three-Mile Point, <a href="#Page_270">270</a>-<a href="#Page_272">272</a>, <a href="#Page_327">327</a>-<a href="#Page_328">328</a>.</span><br>
+
+<p>Cory, Master Oliver, <a href="#Page_23">23</a>-<a href="#Page_25">25</a>.</p>
+
+<p>&quot;Crater, The,&quot; <a href="#Page_308">308</a>-<a href="#Page_309">309</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Croghan, Geo., xii.</p>
+
+<p>Crosby, Enoch, <a href="#Page_80">80</a>, <a href="#Page_86">86</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Dana, Richard Henry, <a href="#Page_96">96</a>, <a href="#Page_111">111</a>, <a href="#Page_201">201</a>.</p>
+
+<p>&quot;Deerslayer, The,&quot; <a href="#Page_5">5</a>, <a href="#Page_282">282</a>-<a href="#Page_286">286</a>.</p>
+
+<p>DeKay, James E., <a href="#Page_93">93</a>, <a href="#Page_95">95</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Drake, Joseph Rodman, <a href="#Page_92">92</a>-<a href="#Page_93">93</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Drescher, Rudolf, <a href="#Page_350">350</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Dunlap, William, <a href="#Page_322">322</a>-<a href="#Page_323">323</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Dwight, Timothy, <a href="#Page_36">36</a>, <a href="#Page_37">37</a>.</p>
+
+<p><!-- Page <a href="#Page_36">36</a>5 --><a href="#Page_5"></a><i>Edinburgh Review, The</i>, <a href="#Page_110">110</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Elba, <a href="#Page_291">291</a>-<a href="#Page_293">293</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Elliott, Jesse D., <a href="#Page_287">287</a>-<a href="#Page_289">289</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Ellison, Dr. Thomas, <a href="#Page_28">28</a>-<a href="#Page_33">33</a>, <a href="#Page_35">35</a>, <a href="#Page_353">353</a>.</p>
+
+<p>England, <a href="#Page_2">2</a>, <a href="#Page_44">44</a>, <a href="#Page_111">111</a>, <a href="#Page_115">115</a>-<a href="#Page_118">118</a>, <a href="#Page_169">169</a>-<a href="#Page_172">172</a>, <a href="#Page_277">277</a>, <a href="#Page_305">305</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Erie, Lake, Battle of, <a href="#Page_293">293</a>-<a href="#Page_294">294</a>, <a href="#Page_306">306</a>.</p>
+
+<p>&quot;Excursions in Italy,&quot; <a href="#Page_210">210</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Fenimore, Elizabeth. <i>See Mrs. Wm. Cooper</i>.</p>
+
+<p>Fenimore, Richard, <a href="#Page_2">2</a>, <a href="#Page_262">262</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Fenimore box, <a href="#Page_3">3</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Florence, Palazzo Ricasoli, <a href="#Page_197">197</a>-<a href="#Page_198">198</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Florence, Villa St. Illario, <a href="#Page_206">206</a>-<a href="#Page_208">208</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Floyd, Elizabeth, <a href="#Page_67">67</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Floyd, Col. Richard, <a href="#Page_67">67</a>.</p>
+
+<p>France, <a href="#Page_135">135</a>, <a href="#Page_157">157</a>, <a href="#Page_168">168</a>-<a href="#Page_169">169</a>, <a href="#Page_228">228</a>, <a href="#Page_237">237</a>, <a href="#Page_243">243</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Francis, Dr. J.W., <a href="#Page_186">186</a>, <a href="#Page_278">278</a>, <a href="#Page_322">322</a>, <a href="#Page_336">336</a>-<a href="#Page_337">337</a>, <a href="#Page_339">339</a>-<a href="#Page_340">340</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Frey, Heindrick, <a href="#Page_11">11</a>, <a href="#Page_12">12</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Galitzin, Princess, <a href="#Page_139">139</a>-<a href="#Page_140">140</a>, <a href="#Page_164">164</a>-<a href="#Page_166">166</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Gelsomina, <a href="#Page_226">226</a>-<a href="#Page_228">228</a>.</p>
+
+<p>George, Lake, <a href="#Page_120">120</a>, <a href="#Page_125">125</a>-<a href="#Page_126">126</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Germany, <a href="#Page_228">228</a>, <a href="#Page_247">247</a>, <a href="#Page_251">251</a>, <a href="#Page_253">253</a>-<a href="#Page_255">255</a>, <a href="#Page_349">349</a>-<a href="#Page_350">350</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Gibraltar, <a href="#Page_46">46</a>.</p>
+
+<p>&quot;Gleanings in Europe,&quot; <a href="#Page_236">236</a>, <a href="#Page_270">270</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Glens Fall, <a href="#Page_122">122</a>-<a href="#Page_124">124</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Goodrich, A.T., <a href="#Page_78">78</a>.</p>
+
+<p><i>Graham's Magazine</i>, <a href="#Page_287">287</a>, <a href="#Page_293">293</a>, <a href="#Page_305">305</a>, <a href="#Page_308">308</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Greeley, Horace, <a href="#Page_273">273</a>, <a href="#Page_275">275</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Green, Geo. Washington, <a href="#Page_149">149</a>-<a href="#Page_152">152</a>, <a href="#Page_332">332</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Greenough, Horatio, <a href="#Page_198">198</a>-<a href="#Page_203">203</a>, <a href="#Page_268">268</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Grey, Charles, Earl, <a href="#Page_181">181</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Hackett, James H., <a href="#Page_321">321</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Hall, J.E., <a href="#Page_84">84</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Hall, Mrs. Sarah, <a href="#Page_84">84</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Halleck, Fitz-Greene, <a href="#Page_90">90</a>, <a href="#Page_92">92</a>-<a href="#Page_93">93</a>, <a href="#Page_95">95</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Halsey, Francis Whiting, <a href="#Page_351">351</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Harrison, Judge Bazil, <a href="#Page_313">313</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Harrison, William Henry, <a href="#Page_14">14</a>-<a href="#Page_16">16</a>.</p>
+
+<p>&quot;Headsman, The,&quot; <a href="#Page_257">257</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Heathcote, Hon. Caleb, <a href="#Page_66">66</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Heidelberg and Castle, <a href="#Page_253">253</a>-<a href="#Page_254">254</a>.</p>
+
+<p>&quot;Heidenmauer, The,&quot; <a href="#Page_252">252</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Hell Gate, <a href="#Page_100">100</a>, <a href="#Page_124">124</a>, <a href="#Page_176">176</a>, <a href="#Page_307">307</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Holland, <a href="#Page_180">180</a>, <a href="#Page_183">183</a>-<a href="#Page_184">184</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Holland House, <a href="#Page_45">45</a>, <a href="#Page_177">177</a>-<a href="#Page_180">180</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Holland, Lady, <a href="#Page_176">176</a>, <a href="#Page_180">180</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Holland, Lord, <a href="#Page_178">178</a>-<a href="#Page_180">180</a>.</p>
+
+<p>&quot;Home as Found,&quot; <a href="#Page_272">272</a>, <a href="#Page_276">276</a>.</p>
+
+<p>&quot;Homeward Bound,&quot; <a href="#Page_272">272</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Hooper, Dr. Joseph, <a href="#Page_29">29</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Howe, M.A. DeWolfe, <a href="#Page_274">274</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Hudson River, The, <a href="#Page_93">93</a>, <a href="#Page_120">120</a>-<a href="#Page_121">121</a>.</p>
+
+<p><i>Hudson</i>, The, <a href="#Page_132">132</a>-<a href="#Page_133">133</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Hugo, Victor, <a href="#Page_350">350</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Huntington, Daniel, <a href="#Page_112">112</a>-<a href="#Page_113">113</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Irish, Mr., <a href="#Page_109">109</a>-<a href="#Page_110">110</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Irving, Washington, <a href="#Page_84">84</a>, <a href="#Page_90">90</a>, <a href="#Page_112">112</a>-<a href="#Page_113">113</a>, <a href="#Page_138">138</a>-<a href="#Page_139">139</a>, <a href="#Page_176">176</a>, <a href="#Page_278">278</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Isle of Wight, <a href="#Page_44">44</a>, <a href="#Page_133">133</a>-<a href="#Page_134">134</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Italy, <a href="#Page_197">197</a>-<a href="#Page_268">268</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Jarvis, John Wesley, <a href="#Page_91">91</a>-<a href="#Page_95">95</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Jay, John, Chief Justice, <a href="#Page_32">32</a>, <a href="#Page_41">41</a>, <a href="#Page_77">77</a>-<a href="#Page_78">78</a>, <a href="#Page_80">80</a>, <a href="#Page_259">259</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Jay (Mary Duyckinck), Mrs. Peter, <a href="#Page_88">88</a>-<a href="#Page_89">89</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Jay, William, <a href="#Page_32">32</a>, <a href="#Page_34">34</a>, <a href="#Page_41">41</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Johnston, Capt. John, <a href="#Page_43">43</a>-<a href="#Page_44">44</a>, <a href="#Page_46">46</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Jones, John Paul, <a href="#Page_108">108</a>-<a href="#Page_109">109</a>, <a href="#Page_294">294</a>-<a href="#Page_295">295</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Kean, Edmund, <a href="#Page_90">90</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Keese, George Pomeroy Keese, ix, x, xi, <a href="#Page_7">7</a>, <a href="#Page_19">19</a>, <a href="#Page_21">21</a>, <a href="#Page_264">264</a>, <a href="#Page_267">267</a>, <a href="#Page_274">274</a>, <a href="#Page_296">296</a>,
+<a href="#Page_317">317</a>, <a href="#Page_327">327</a>-<a href="#Page_328">328</a>, <a href="#Page_340">340</a>, <a href="#Page_342">342</a>-<a href="#Page_343">343</a>, <a href="#Page_351">351</a>, <a href="#Page_357">357</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Keese, Mrs. Geo. Pomeroy Keese, <a href="#Page_300">300</a>-<a href="#Page_301">301</a>, <a href="#Page_357">357</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Kent, Chancellor James, <a href="#Page_95">95</a>, <a href="#Page_131">131</a>-<a href="#Page_132">132</a>.</p>
+
+<p>King, Charles, <a href="#Page_95">95</a>, <a href="#Page_114">114</a>.</p>
+
+<p><i>Knickerbocker Magazine</i>, <a href="#Page_162">162</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Lafayette, General, <a href="#Page_114">114</a>-<a href="#Page_116">116</a>, <a href="#Page_137">137</a>, <a href="#Page_142">142</a>, <a href="#Page_149">149</a>-<a href="#Page_157">157</a>, <a href="#Page_166">166</a>-<a href="#Page_169">169</a>, <a href="#Page_233">233</a>-<a href="#Page_237">237</a>.</p>
+
+<p>de Lancey, Edward Floyd, <a href="#Page_29">29</a>.</p>
+
+<p>de Lancey and his seal, Lieut. Gov. James, <a href="#Page_65">65</a>-<a href="#Page_66">66</a>.</p>
+
+<p>de Lancey, John Peter, <a href="#Page_63">63</a>-<a href="#Page_64">64</a>, <a href="#Page_66">66</a>-<a href="#Page_67">67</a>.</p>
+
+<p>de Lancey, Stephen, <a href="#Page_65">65</a>, <a href="#Page_67">67</a>.</p>
+
+<p>de Lancey, Susan Augusta. <i>See Mrs. J.F. Cooper</i>.</p>
+
+<p>de Lancey, Bishop Wm. Heathcote, <a href="#Page_68">68</a>, <a href="#Page_343">343</a>-<a href="#Page_344">344</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Lawrence, Capt. James, <a href="#Page_1">1</a>, <a href="#Page_60">60</a>-<a href="#Page_61">61</a>, <a href="#Page_63">63</a>, <a href="#Page_316">316</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Lawrence, Sir Thomas, <a href="#Page_182">182</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Leatherstocking, <a href="#Page_5">5</a>, <a href="#Page_19">19</a>, <a href="#Page_59">59</a>, <a href="#Page_100">100</a>-<a href="#Page_101">101</a>, <a href="#Page_120">120</a>, <a href="#Page_123">123</a>-<a href="#Page_130">130</a>, <a href="#Page_162">162</a>-<a href="#Page_164">164</a>, <a href="#Page_189">189</a>-<a href="#Page_190">190</a>,
+<a href="#Page_243">243</a>, <a href="#Page_278">278</a>, <a href="#Page_282">282</a>, <a href="#Page_322">322</a>, <a href="#Page_332">332</a>-<a href="#Page_334">334</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Leghorn, <a href="#Page_211">211</a>-<a href="#Page_212">212</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Leland, Charles G., <a href="#Page_349">349</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Leopold II of Tuscany, <a href="#Page_202">202</a>-<a href="#Page_204">204</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Leslie, Charles Robt., <a href="#Page_177">177</a>-<a href="#Page_178">178</a>, <a href="#Page_182">182</a>.</p>
+
+<p>&quot;Letter to his Countrymen, A,&quot; <a href="#Page_267">267</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Lind, Jenny, <a href="#Page_334">334</a>-<a href="#Page_335">335</a>.</p>
+
+<p>&quot;Lionel Lincoln,&quot; <a href="#Page_115">115</a>-<a href="#Page_118">118</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Lockhart, John Gibson, <a href="#Page_161">161</a>-<a href="#Page_162">162</a>, <a href="#Page_182">182</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Lockhart, Mrs. Sophia Scott, <a href="#Page_181">181</a>-<a href="#Page_182">182</a>.</p>
+
+<p>London, <a href="#Page_44">44</a>-<a href="#Page_45">45</a>, <a href="#Page_47">47</a>, <a href="#Page_134">134</a>, <a href="#Page_170">170</a>-<a href="#Page_184">184</a>, <a href="#Page_186">186</a>, <a href="#Page_210">210</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Louis Philippe, <a href="#Page_234">234</a>-<a href="#Page_236">236</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Lounsbury, Thomas R., <a href="#Page_237">237</a>, <a href="#Page_288">288</a>-<a href="#Page_290">290</a>, <a href="#Page_307">307</a>, <a href="#Page_320">320</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Luscomb, Archbishop, <a href="#Page_240">240</a>.</p>
+
+<p>McLane, Mr. Louis, <a href="#Page_235">235</a>-<a href="#Page_236">236</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Mackenzie, Lieut. Alex. Slidell, <a href="#Page_305">305</a>-<a href="#Page_306">306</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Mackintosh, Sir James, <a href="#Page_177">177</a>, <a href="#Page_182">182</a>, <a href="#Page_232">232</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Mahan, Capt. A.T., <a href="#Page_287">287</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Marie Am&eacute;lie, <a href="#Page_236">236</a>-<a href="#Page_237">237</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Mathews, Charles, <a href="#Page_320">320</a>-<a href="#Page_322">322</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Matthews, Brander, <a href="#Page_110">110</a>, <a href="#Page_126">126</a>, <a href="#Page_130">130</a>, <a href="#Page_229">229</a>.</p>
+
+<p>&quot;Mercedes of Castile,&quot; <a href="#Page_281">281</a>-<a href="#Page_282">282</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Mickieowicz, Adam, <a href="#Page_218">218</a>-<a href="#Page_219">219</a>.</p>
+
+<p>&quot;Mohicans, The Last of the,&quot; <a href="#Page_269">269</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Monroe, Mrs. Elizabeth, <a href="#Page_119">119</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Montague, Wortley, <a href="#Page_120">120</a>, <a href="#Page_126">126</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Morris, Geo. P., <a href="#Page_90">90</a>, <a href="#Page_93">93</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Morse, Samuel F.B., <a href="#Page_95">95</a>, <a href="#Page_239">239</a>, <a href="#Page_243">243</a>, <a href="#Page_262">262</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Myers, Ned, <a href="#Page_45">45</a>, <a href="#Page_49">49</a>, <a href="#Page_265">265</a>, <a href="#Page_286">286</a>, <a href="#Page_299">299</a>.</p>
+
+<p>&quot;Myers, Ned,&quot; <a href="#Page_48">48</a>-<a href="#Page_49">49</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Naples and Bay, <a href="#Page_212">212</a>-<a href="#Page_213">213</a>, <a href="#Page_259">259</a>-<a href="#Page_260">260</a>.</p>
+
+<p>&quot;Naval History Dispute,&quot; <a href="#Page_287">287</a>-<a href="#Page_288">288</a>.</p>
+
+<p>&quot;Naval Officers, Lives of Distinguished,&quot; <a href="#Page_308">308</a>.</p>
+
+<p>&quot;Navy, History of the United States,&quot; <a href="#Page_48">48</a>, <a href="#Page_277">277</a>-<a href="#Page_278">278</a>, <a href="#Page_288">288</a>-<a href="#Page_290">290</a>, <a href="#Page_305">305</a>, <a href="#Page_338">338</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Nelson, Judge Samuel, <a href="#Page_265">265</a>, <a href="#Page_266">266</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Newport, R.I., <a href="#Page_158">158</a>-<a href="#Page_159">159</a>, <a href="#Page_198">198</a>.</p>
+
+<p><i>News, Illustrated London</i>, <a href="#Page_162">162</a>.</p>
+
+New York City, <a href="#Page_67">67</a>-<a href="#Page_128">128</a>, <a href="#Page_131">131</a>-<a href="#Page_132">132</a>, <a href="#Page_259">259</a>-<a href="#Page_269">269</a>, <a href="#Page_323">323</a>-<a href="#Page_324">324</a>.<br>
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Burn's Coffee House, <a href="#Page_67">67</a>-<a href="#Page_68">68</a>.</span><br>
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Castle Garden, <a href="#Page_114">114</a>-<a href="#Page_115">115</a>, <a href="#Page_335">335</a>.</span><br>
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">City Hotel, <a href="#Page_67">67</a>, <a href="#Page_93">93</a>, <a href="#Page_95">95</a>.</span><br>
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Fraunces Tavern, <a href="#Page_67">67</a>.</span><br>
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Homes, Cooper's:</span><br>
+<span style="margin-left: 2em;">Beech St., <a href="#Page_98">98</a>-<a href="#Page_99">99</a>.</span><br>
+<span style="margin-left: 2em;">Bleeker St., <a href="#Page_260">260</a>, <a href="#Page_269">269</a>.</span><br>
+<span style="margin-left: 2em;">Broadway, <a href="#Page_88">88</a>, <a href="#Page_90">90</a>, <a href="#Page_98">98</a>.</span><br>
+<span style="margin-left: 2em;">Greenwich St., <a href="#Page_128">128</a>, <a href="#Page_130">130</a>.</span><br>
+<span style="margin-left: 2em;">St. Mark's Place, <a href="#Page_272">272</a>-<a href="#Page_276">276</a>.</span><br>
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Theatres, <a href="#Page_36">36</a>-<a href="#Page_37">37</a>.</span><br>
+<span style="margin-left: 2em;">Burton's, <a href="#Page_321">321</a>.</span><br>
+<span style="margin-left: 2em;">Lafayette, <a href="#Page_87">87</a>.</span><br>
+<span style="margin-left: 2em;">Park, <a href="#Page_90">90</a>.</span><br>
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Washington Hall, <a href="#Page_95">95</a>.</span><br>
+
+<p>Niagara Falls, <a href="#Page_56">56</a>, <a href="#Page_309">309</a>-<a href="#Page_310">310</a>, <a href="#Page_315">315</a>.</p>
+
+<p>North, Christopher, <a href="#Page_96">96</a>, <a href="#Page_259">259</a>.</p>
+
+<p>&quot;Notions of Americans,&quot; <a href="#Page_185">185</a>.</p>
+
+<p>&quot;Oak Openings, The,&quot; <a href="#Page_314">314</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Oaken Bucket, The Old, <a href="#Page_93">93</a>-<a href="#Page_95">95</a>.</p>
+
+<p><i>Oneida, The</i>, <a href="#Page_53">53</a>-<a href="#Page_54">54</a>, <a href="#Page_56">56</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Ontario, <a href="#Page_54">54</a>, <a href="#Page_123">123</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Oswego, N.Y., <a href="#Page_53">53</a>.</p>
+
+<p><i>Otsego Herald</i>, <a href="#Page_17">17</a>, <a href="#Page_18">18</a>, <a href="#Page_33">33</a>, <a href="#Page_51">51</a>, <a href="#Page_101">101</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Paris, <a href="#Page_136">136</a>, <a href="#Page_137">137</a>-<a href="#Page_138">138</a>, <a href="#Page_184">184</a>, <a href="#Page_210">210</a>, <a href="#Page_228">228</a>, <a href="#Page_232">232</a>-<a href="#Page_243">243</a>, <a href="#Page_248">248</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Parkman, Francis, <a href="#Page_126">126</a>.</p>
+
+<p>&quot;Pathfinder, The,&quot; <a href="#Page_59">59</a>-<a href="#Page_60">60</a>, <a href="#Page_278">278</a>, <a href="#Page_282">282</a>, <a href="#Page_283">283</a>-<a href="#Page_284">284</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Perry, Oliver Hazard, <a href="#Page_287">287</a>, <a href="#Page_293">293</a>, <a href="#Page_305">305</a>.</p>
+
+<p>&quot;Pilot, The,&quot; <a href="#Page_62">62</a>, <a href="#Page_106">106</a>-<a href="#Page_111">111</a>, <a href="#Page_351">351</a>.</p>
+
+<p>&quot;Pioneers, The,&quot; <a href="#Page_54">54</a>, <a href="#Page_74">74</a>, <a href="#Page_105">105</a>, <a href="#Page_111">111</a>, <a href="#Page_258">258</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Pomeroy, Mr. and Mrs. George, <a href="#Page_18">18</a>, <a href="#Page_21">21</a>-<a href="#Page_23">23</a>.</p>
+
+<p><i>Post, The Evening</i>, <a href="#Page_111">111</a>.</p>
+
+<p>&quot;Prairie, The,&quot; <a href="#Page_59">59</a>, <a href="#Page_129">129</a>-<a href="#Page_130">130</a>, <a href="#Page_138">138</a>, <a href="#Page_162">162</a>-<a href="#Page_164">164</a>, <a href="#Page_258">258</a>.</p>
+
+<p>&quot;Precaution,&quot; <a href="#Page_74">74</a>, <a href="#Page_77">77</a>-<a href="#Page_78">78</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Putnam, George P., <a href="#Page_112">112</a>-<a href="#Page_113">113</a>, <a href="#Page_335">335</a>.</p>
+
+<p><i>Putnam's Magazine</i>, <a href="#Page_238">238</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Quoi de Mesereau, Mon. Le, <a href="#Page_102">102</a>.</p>
+
+<p>&quot;Recollections of Europe,&quot; <a href="#Page_135">135</a>, <a href="#Page_157">157</a>, <a href="#Page_168">168</a>.</p>
+
+<p>&quot;Red Rover, The,&quot; <a href="#Page_62">62</a>, <a href="#Page_98">98</a>, <a href="#Page_118">118</a>, <a href="#Page_146">146</a>, <a href="#Page_156">156</a>, <a href="#Page_158">158</a>, <a href="#Page_160">160</a>, <a href="#Page_198">198</a>, <a href="#Page_238">238</a>.</p>
+
+<p>&quot;Red Skins, The,&quot; <a href="#Page_308">308</a>.</p>
+
+<p>&quot;Rhine, Excursions up the,&quot; and Rhine Country, <a href="#Page_244">244</a>, <a href="#Page_247">247</a>-<a href="#Page_255">255</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Rogers, Samuel, <a href="#Page_45">45</a>, <a href="#Page_174">174</a>-<a href="#Page_176">176</a>, <a href="#Page_178">178</a>, <a href="#Page_180">180</a>-<a href="#Page_183">183</a>.</p>
+
+Rome, <a href="#Page_216">216</a>-<a href="#Page_220">220</a>.<br>
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Home in, <a href="#Page_218">218</a>.</span><br>
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Ruins, <a href="#Page_218">218</a>-<a href="#Page_220">220</a>.</span><br>
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">St. Peter's, <a href="#Page_216">216</a>-<a href="#Page_218">218</a>.</span><br>
+
+<p>Sailor's Snug Harbor, <a href="#Page_48">48</a>-<a href="#Page_49">49</a>.</p>
+
+<p>&quot;Satanstoe,&quot; <a href="#Page_306">306</a>-<a href="#Page_307">307</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Saxton, A.B., <a href="#Page_352">352</a>-<a href="#Page_356">356</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Scott, Miss Anne, <a href="#Page_141">141</a>-<a href="#Page_142">142</a>, <a href="#Page_182">182</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Scott, Sir Walter, <a href="#Page_76">76</a>-<a href="#Page_77">77</a>, <a href="#Page_139">139</a>-<a href="#Page_143">143</a>, <a href="#Page_160">160</a>-<a href="#Page_162">162</a>, <a href="#Page_182">182</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Scott, Gen. Winfield, <a href="#Page_315">315</a>.</p>
+
+<p>&quot;Sea Lions, The,&quot; <a href="#Page_318">318</a>-<a href="#Page_320">320</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Shubrick, Wm. B., <a href="#Page_62">62</a>, <a href="#Page_109">109</a>-<a href="#Page_110">110</a>, <a href="#Page_316">316</a>-<a href="#Page_319">319</a>.</p>
+
+<p>&quot;Sketches of England,&quot; <a href="#Page_32">32</a>, <a href="#Page_270">270</a>, <a href="#Page_286">286</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Smith, Gerrit, <a href="#Page_317">317</a>.</p>
+
+<p><i>Somers</i>, The, <a href="#Page_305">305</a>-<a href="#Page_306">306</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Sorrento, <a href="#Page_213">213</a>-<a href="#Page_215">215</a>, <a href="#Page_227">227</a>-<a href="#Page_228">228</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Southby, William, <a href="#Page_183">183</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Spencer, John C., <a href="#Page_305">305</a>.</p>
+
+<p>&quot;Spy, The,&quot; <a href="#Page_74">74</a>, <a href="#Page_83">83</a>-<a href="#Page_87">87</a>, <a href="#Page_100">100</a>, <a href="#Page_111">111</a>, <a href="#Page_258">258</a>, <a href="#Page_315">315</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Stanley, Hon. E.G. (Lord Derby), <a href="#Page_120">120</a>, <a href="#Page_123">123</a>, <a href="#Page_126">126</a>, <a href="#Page_127">127</a>.</p>
+
+<p><i>Stirling</i>, The, <a href="#Page_43">43</a>-<a href="#Page_44">44</a>, <a href="#Page_46">46</a>-<a href="#Page_48">48</a>.</p>
+
+Switzerland, <a href="#Page_186">186</a>-<a href="#Page_196">196</a>.<br>
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">St. Bernard, Hospice and Pass of, <a href="#Page_257">257</a>-<a href="#Page_258">258</a>.</span><br>
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Bridge, Devil's, <a href="#Page_193">193</a>-<a href="#Page_195">195</a>.</span><br>
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Homes, Cooper's:</span><br>
+<span style="margin-left: 2em;"><i>La Lorraine</i>, Berne, <a href="#Page_187">187</a>, <a href="#Page_189">189</a>, <a href="#Page_191">191</a>.</span><br>
+<span style="margin-left: 2em;"><i>Mon Repose</i>, Vevay, <a href="#Page_255">255</a>.</span><br>
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Cooper's book: &quot;Sketches in Switzerland.&quot;</span><br>
+
+<p>&quot;Switzerland, Sketches in,&quot; <a href="#Page_269">269</a>-<a href="#Page_270">270</a>.</p>
+
+<p>&quot;Tales for Fifteen,&quot; <a href="#Page_105">105</a>-<a href="#Page_107">107</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Talleyrand, Charles Maurice de, <a href="#Page_16">16</a>-<a href="#Page_18">18</a>, <a href="#Page_108">108</a>, <a href="#Page_153">153</a>-<a href="#Page_154">154</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Thackeray, Wm. M., <a href="#Page_162">162</a>.</p>
+
+<p>&quot;Tier Jack,&quot; <a href="#Page_314">314</a>-<a href="#Page_315">315</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Tom, Joe, <a href="#Page_328">328</a>-<a href="#Page_329">329</a>.</p>
+
+<div>*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 13155 ***</div>
+</body>
+</html>
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author	Roger Frank <rfrank@pglaf.org>	2025-10-15 04:41:29 -0700
committer	Roger Frank <rfrank@pglaf.org>	2025-10-15 04:41:29 -0700
commit	e81597dff25981531df9034a0fc07f94c8f124d4 (patch)
tree	2fb407f5631a4d4efe61870074a3a0424dbbf837 /13155-h