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diff --git a/old/12899-8.txt b/old/12899-8.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..67dc94d --- /dev/null +++ b/old/12899-8.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2032 @@ +The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and +Instruction, No. 366, by Various + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and Instruction, No. 366 + Vol. XIII, No. 366., Saturday, April 18, 1829 + +Author: Various + +Release Date: July 12, 2004 [EBook #12899] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MIRROR OF LITERATURE *** + + + + +Produced by Jonathan Ingram and PG Distributed Proofreaders + + + + +THE MIRROR OF LITERATURE, AMUSEMENT, AND INSTRUCTION. + +VOL. XIII, No. 366.] SATURDAY, APRIL 18, 1829. [PRICE 2d. + + + * * * * * + + +HARROW SCHOOL. + +[Illustration: HARROW SCHOOL.] + + To lofty HARROW now.--THOMSON. + + +Harrow-on-the-hill was a place of some consideration, even before the +foundation of the scholastic establishment which now forms its principal +boast. The Archbishops of Canterbury had an occasional residence here, in +the centuries briefly succeeding the Norman Conquest; and they obtained +for the inhabitants a weekly market, long since fallen into disuse. + +The _Free Grammar School_ of Harrow, which now ranks amongst the eight +great schools of England,[1] like most foundations of a similar nature, +proceeded from a small beginning. In the 14th year of Elizabeth, John +Lyon, a wealthy yeoman, of Preston, in this parish, procured letters +patent, and special license from the crown, for the foundation of the +school, to which for many years, he only contributed the sum of 30 marks +annually; but in the year 1590, he developed his full intentions, +provided for their observance, and drew up a code of regulations for the +foundation. Among these provisions the following are curiously +characteristic of the times:--The founder expresses his intention to +build "meete and convenient Roomes for the said Schoole Mr and Usher to +inhabite and dwell in; as also a large and convenient Schoole House, with +a chimney in it. And, alsoe, a cellar under the said Roomes and Schoole +House, to lay in wood and coales;" the master's salary he fixes at £26. +13s. 4d. per annum, besides £3. 6s. 8d. on the 1st of May, +towards his provision of fuel; the usher's at £13. 6s. 8d. with £3. +6s. 8d. for fuel. The founder declares his desire that the School +shall consist of a "meete and convenient number of schollers, as well of +poor, to be taught freely," (which privilege he confines to the children +of the inhabitants of Harrow;) "as of others, to be received for ye +further profitt and commoditie of the schoole-master." The regulations +provide for the government of the school with curious minuteness, and +describe the number of forms; the books and exercises allotted to +each; the mode of correction; the hours of attendance; and the vacations +and play days. They extend even to the amusements of the scholars, which +are confined to "driving a top, tossing a hand-ball, running and +shooting." For the purpose of this latter exercise, all parents are +required to furnish their children with "bowstrings shafts, and +bresters." In consequence of this regulation it was usual to hold an +annual exhibition of Archery, on August 4, when the scholars contended +for a silver arrow.[2] Within the last fifty years this custom has been +abolished and in its room has been substituted the delivery of annual +orations before the assembled Governors. + + [1] The eight principal public schools of the kingdom are + considered to be those of Winchester; Westminster; Eton; Harrow; + the Charter House; Merchant Tailor's; St. Paul's; and Rugby. + + [2] We have often seen an etching of this exhibition. + +Such was the establishment of this celebrated seminary; and in the humble +character of a parochial Free School it long remained, unknown except in +its own immediate neighbourhood. The buildings appertaining to the School +are not of an ornamental character. The original School-house represented +in our engraving, has undergone no external alteration except the +necessary repairs. It is a building of red brick having on the top a +lion, the rebus of the founder's name. In the original arrangement of the +interior, the lower portions only were used as school-rooms; the middle +floor formed the residence of the master and usher, then the only +teachers; whilst the upper story consisted of writing schools. The whole +of the building is now appropriated to the exercises of the school, the +pupils studying their lessons at the houses of their tutors, and +assembling here for the purpose of examination. + +Harrow is consecrated ground; and we could easily select a long list of +illustrious men educated within its walls. The first classical mention of +Harrow as a school, is by William Baxter the learned author of the +Glossary, and editor of several of the classics, who was educated here. +Dr. Bennet, Bishop of Cloyne; Sir William Jones; Dr. Parr, who was born +at Harrow; Rt. Hon. R.B. Sheridan; Mr. Perceval, and Lord Byron--shine +forth in this list. Earl Spencer; the Marquess of Hastings; the Earl of +Aberdeen; and Mr. Peel were likewise educated here. + +The greatest number of scholars who have been at any one time at Harrow, +was in the year 1804, when the number of students amounted to 353. The +present master is the Rev. Dr. Butler. + + * * * * * + + + +DR. JOHNSON'S RESIDENCE, IN BOLT COURT. + +_(For the Mirror)_ + + +It perhaps is not generally known, that the residence of the great +"leviathan of literature," situate in Bolt-court, Fleet-street, was +consumed by the fire which destroyed Messrs. Bensley's premises a few +years ago; and that there are now no ostensible traces of the doctor's +city retreat, save the site. The only vestige of the house is a piece of +grotesquely carved wood, which ornamented the centre of the doorway, and +which is now in possession of a gentleman in the neighbourhood. Part of +the new printing-office, belonging to Messrs. Mills and Co., occupies a +portion of the site, and the remainder forms a receptacle for coals. As +if learning loved to linger amidst the forsaken haunts of departed +genius, the place is still the scene of those efforts in propagating +knowledge, without which it would be a sealed book. When looking upon the +scene which has been consecrated by the presence and labours, the joys +and sorrows, of such a man, how interesting are our reflections, marred +as they may be by mournful impressions of "the mutability of human +affairs." We feel a romantic regret that the genius of Johnson could not +bestow an imperishability upon the spot; and preserve it from the +casualties and decay of fire, and storm, and time. Here the unfortunate +Savage has held his intellectual "_noctes_" and enlivened the old +moralist with his mad philosophy. It was from this mansion that "the +Bastard" roused the doctor on the memorable night (or morn) when they set +out on one of those frolicsome perambulations, which genius, in its +weakness and misgivings, sometimes indulges, and which was worthy of the +days of modern Corinthianism. We can imagine the sleepy, solemn face of +Johnson, the meagre phiz of Savage, and the more rotund features of +Boswell, around the board, and the doctor's beloved tea-kettle singing +its harmonious and solacing solo on the blazing "ingle." Inspecting more +minutely the features of the visionary picture, we might behold the +oracle of learning when about to deliver his opinion, perhaps, on the +artificial fire of Gray, or the feeling and simplicity of Goldsmith: his +opening eyes and unclosing lips; the "harsh thunder" of his +articulation, and the horrisonous stamp of his ample foot, impress us +with the same reverence which was felt by his literary visitants. It was +here, doubtless, where the Herculean task of compiling his dictionary was +achieved; the monotony of which was relieved by writing the periodical +papers of his Guardian, and the more flowery composition of poetry and +biography. But he is gone, and though the mist of years may obscure his +personal history, and vicissitudes annihilate his household memorials, +yet his morality and piety, his unparalleled labour and patient +endurance, but chief of all, his brilliant and versatile genius, will +perish but with the annals of humanity. His fame + + "From sire to son shall speed; from clime to clime, + Outstripping death upon the wings of time!" + +** H. + + * * * * * + + +COMMON RIGHTS. + +_(To the Editor of the Mirror.)_ + + +As the columns of your MIRROR are a treasury of instruction, perhaps it +may not be thought amiss, or unworthy its pages, to record the advances +of science in the land we live in. I have long since heard of our +American brethren possessing the wonderful art of "launching" as the term +is, their habitations; but I was not aware that my friends on this side +the water had arrived at such a height on the hill of invention, until a +few weeks back, when travelling in the western part of Dorsetshire, +through the small village of _Pulham_, in that county; a neat, +comfortable-looking cottage was pointed out for my observation, and which +I was assured by many creditable persons, who had witnessed the +performance, was, in the year 1826, chimneys, windows, and altogether, +removed, without sustaining any injury, the distance of nearly two miles. +The power employed was that of ten horses. The spot where it was intended +originally to stand, was pointed out to me, being a piece of waste land +called _Lydlinch Common_. I inquired what motive could have induced the +proprietor to coach it off in such a novel manner, and the following +account I received "under the rose." + +The brother of the person whose ingenuity has thus exerted itself, +possessed a small property bordering on the aforesaid common. But to +understand my story, you must know that the peasantry of the west of +England, imbibe a notion, whether erroneous or not, I am not learned +enough to say, that if a person builds on waste lands, and is permitted +to proceed uninterrupted by the Lord of the Manor, or any other person, +until he has roofed and occupied it, or as they express it "made a smoke +in it" that the builder has an indisputable right to it. Now the man +willing to act on this principle, set his wits to work and constructed a +house on his brother's property beforementioned, on a movable foundation, +such as I am unable to describe; and when completed, he, in the course of +one night launched it over the hedge fairly into the common, and the next +morning found him busily employed in making the smoke that was, according +to village laws, to establish him in his newly acquired habitation; and +no doubt he would have continued quietly in the same place to this day, +had not a neighbouring 'squire took it into his head to teach this +commentator on the law, another version of its intricacies, and finally +caused him to set his house a-going once more, which it did in the manner +aforesaid, to a bit of land to which he had a more legal right, and where +it now stands. + +Wonderful as this relation may seem, its truth may be relied on, and any +reader of the MIRROR, travelling, or having friends in that part of the +country, may easily ascertain the truth of my statement. The house at +present stands near the highway leading from Sturminster to Sherborne, +about five or six miles from the former, and six or seven from the +latter. + +RURIS. + +_Blandford, April 9, 1829._ + + * * * * * + + +ORIGIN OF SIGNS.--CAT AND THE FIDDLE. + +_(To the Editor of the Mirror.)_ + + +No part of the history of civilized nations is involved in such deep +obscurity as the origin and progress of their names. I do not mean their +names of men and women, the etymology of which are easy; for any stupid +fellow can see with half an eye that Xisuthrus and Noah are one and the +same person; and that Thoth can only be Hermes; nor is there any +discernable difference between Pelagius and Morgan; _tout celà va sans se +dire_, but when we come to account for the names of places or of signs, +then indeed are we lost in a vast field of metaphysical disquisition and +conjectural criticism. The _Spectator_, your worthy predecessor, threw +much light upon the science, but still he left it in its infancy. To be +sure, he traced the Bull and Mouth to the Boulogne Mouth, but I don't +remember that he made many other discoveries in this _terrâ incognitâ_. +However, he hinted that the roots of most of these old saws were to be +found in the French language, or rather in the jargon spoken by the +would-be-fine people, in imitation of the court, and by them called +French. Neither the _Spectator_, however, nor any of his periodical +imitators have ever found out why a certain headland, bare as the +back of my hand, should be dignified with the appellation of Beechey +Head; unless indeed, according to the Eton grammar, our ancestors used +the rule of _lucus a non lucendo_. The reason, however, is to be found in +the French language, and Beechey Head is the present guide of the old +_beau chef_, whereby this point was once known. The _Spectator_ also, if +I remember right, declared the old sign of the _Cat and the Fiddle_ to be +quite beyond his comprehension. In truth, no two objects in the world +have less to do with each other than a cat and a violin, and the only +explanation ever given of this wonderful union, appears to be, that once +upon a time, a gentleman kept a house with the sign of a Cat, and a lady +one, with the sign of a Fiddle, or _vice versâ_. That these two persons +fell in love, married, and set up an Inn, which to commemorate their +early loves, they called the Cat and the Fiddle. Such reasoning is +exceedingly poetical, and also (mind, _also_, not _therefore_) +exceedingly nonsensical. No, Sir, the Cat and the Fiddle is of greater +antiquity. Did you ever read the History of Rome? Of Rome! yes, of Rome. +Thence comes the Cat and the Fiddle, in somewhat a roundabout way +perhaps, but so it is: + + Vixtrix causa Diis placuit, sed victa Catoni. + +Cato was faithful to the sacred cause of liberty, and disdained to +survive it; and now for the fiddle. In the days of good Queen Bess, when +those who had borne the iron yoke of Mary, ventured forth and gloried in +that freedom of conscience which had lately been denied them, a jolly +innkeeper having lately cast off the shackles of the old religion, +likened himself to the old Roman, and wrote over his door _l'Hostelle du +Caton fidelle_. The hostelle and its sign lasted longer than the worthy +gentleman, and having gone shockingly to decay, was many years after +re-established. But alas! the numerous French words once mixed with our +language had vanished, barbarized, and ground down into a heterogeneous +mass of sounds; and _le Caton fidelle_ was no longer known to his best +friends when resuscitated under the anomalous title of the Cat and +Fiddle!! + +XX. + + * * * * * + + +THE BLIND GIRL. + +_(For the Mirror.)_ + + + As fair a thing as e'er was form'd of clay. + +BYRON. + + Sweet wanderer--we have known her long! + And often on our ear, + Has gush'd the cadence of her song, + As if some stream were near. + Her path was through our tranquil dell, + When breezes kiss'd the curfew bell. + + We gaz'd upon the golden hair, + That o'er her white brow shone, + And beauty's tinge had cluster'd there, + A grace unlike its own. + We call'd it beautiful--that brow! + But rayless were the eyes below. + + Those pale dim eyes, we would have given + Our flowers to see them glow-- + They slept, as sleeps the summer heaven, + When the sun waxeth low: + And soft her glossy lashes were, + As stars within the crystal air. + + Oh, call her not a phantom form, + Of deep sepulchral spells; + Her maiden lips with life are warm, + And thought within her dwells-- + Thought, holy as the light that lies + In the rapt martyr's lifted eyes. + + Her home--'tis far away from her, + Its quiet porch is lone, + And the sunny wind no more shall stir + Its streamlet's silver tone. + The zephyrs there, their incense wreathe, + But, o'er her hair they shall not breathe. + + Her sire reposeth in the wave, + Beneath an Indian sky; + The violets fringe her mother's grave, + And there, her sisters lie! + And we will waft to heaven our prayers, + When her pure dust is mix'd with theirs. + + _Deal_. REGINALD AUGUSTINE. + + * * * * * + + +WINE. + +_(For the Mirror.)_ + + +Sir,--I am induced to send you the following, in consequence of reading +an article upon _wine_ in No. 352, page 45 of your interesting work. + +The article appears to have been written with a view of inducing a more +frequent use of that wholesome and invigorating beverage by adducing a +host of respectable names of antiquity. But I am somewhat inclined to +believe, that notwithstanding the classic lore and learned style in which +the article appears, that many there are, whose adverse temper, and whom +the present "march of intellect" has so far rendered callous to +_authoritative_ conviction, that they still remain sceptics of the +extraordinary good qualities and virtues, which the ancients believed +this beverage to contain; only because they have thought fit to adhere to +the common adage, that no opinion ought to be received upon men's +authority, without a sufficient reason assigned for its correctness. It +is with this view of the subject then, that I venture to make the few +following observations. In the first place, we will briefly consider the +nature and chemical properties of wines, and then their tendency +and action upon the constitution. + +The characteristic ingredient of all wines is alcohol, the proportion and +quality of which, and the state and combination in which it exists, +constitute the essential properties of the numerous kinds of wines. The +colour of the red wines is produced from the husk of the grape, they +being used during fermentation; on the contrary, the colourless wines are +those where the husk of the grape is not used during the process of +fermentation. The colouring matter produced from the husks is highly +astringent, consequently the red and white wines are very different in +their qualities, and very different in their effect on the stomach. + +All wines contain more or less acid; for British wines are considered +less salubrious than those of foreign, from their having an excess of +malic acid, which our fruits contain. The foreign wines are reckoned +superior in quality, in consequence of their containing an excess of +tartaric acid, their fruit containing a greater portion of this acid than +does ours. Wines during fermentation, if improperly managed, will produce +_acetic acid_, which will greatly deteriorate their quality. + +Various have been the opinions of eminent men on the effects of wine upon +the constitution. It would be needless to enter into a detailed account +of all those who have written for or against its utility; the following, +from a modern eminent writer _against_ the use of wines will suffice, and +serve to show that the opponents to wine-drinking have at least some +reason on their side. Mr. Beddoes, states, in his "Hygeia," vol. ii, p. +35, that an ingenious surgeon tried the following experiment:--He gave +two of his children for a week alternately after dinner, to the one a +full glass of sherry, and to the other a large China orange; the effects +that followed were sufficient to prove the _injurious tendency_ of vinous +liquors. In the one the pulse was quickened, the heat increased; whilst +the other had every appearance that indicated high health; the same +effect followed when the experiment was reversed. This certainly is a +formidable objection, but let us before drawing a final conclusion, +examine the opposite arguments. + +Wines, and, indeed, all fermented liquors have an antiseptic quality. +They act in direct opposition to putrefaction, and in proportion to the +quantity of alcohol which they contain, so will be their value and +beneficial tendency. Now the circulating fluids of our system have a +continual tendency to putrefaction; and the food we take, both animal +and vegetable, tends to produce this effect; if, therefore, something of +an antiseptic nature, or of a nature in direct opposition to this +principle be not received, the fluids would ultimately become a mass of +corruption, with the extinction of life. If we meet with an individual +whose habits are abstemious, as regards the drinking of wines or +fermented liquors, we generally discover him to have a great predilection +for that valuable commodity _salt_, which article being in its nature +antiseptic, answers the same purpose as wine. Therefore, the labouring +man, whose narrow circumstances prohibit him from the advantage of a +daily use of wine, by taking with his food a sufficient quantity of salt, +and his apportioned quantity of malt liquor, retains his vigour and +strength of body equally with those whose more ample means render them +capable of acquiring the necessary quantity of wine daily. Doctor Barry +mentions an experiment made on a soldier, who was hired to live entirely +for some days on wild fowl,[3] with water only to drink; he received in +the beginning his reward and diet with great cheerfulness, but this was +soon succeeded by nausea, thirst, and disposition to putrid dysentery, +which was with some difficulty prevented from making further progress, by +the physician who made the experiment. Again, he remarks, "I knew a +person who, by the advice of his physician abstained for some years +entirely from _salt_, drank chiefly _water_, and used freely an animal +diet, and by that means acquired a violent scurvy; he was, after some +time, relieved by a strict regimen of diet and medicine, and as he +afterwards used salt and vegetables with animal food, and drank wine more +freely, never had a return of the disorder." It is therefore evident, +that a _moderate_ use of wine tends to promote health, and keeps off the +numerous train of disorders, to which the constitution of man is subject, +thereby lessening the evils incidental to human nature. We can then +exclaim with Virgil of wine, + + "Deus ille malis hominum mitescere discat." + +S.S.T. + + [3] It must be recollected that wild fowl in consequence of + their living on animal diet, give more readily a putrid + disposition to the fluids. + + * * * * * + + + +THE SKETCH-BOOK. + + * * * * * + + + +MY FIRST LOVE. + +_(For the Mirror.)_ + + +She was amiable, accomplished, fascinating, beautiful; yet her's were +beauties which description cannot heighten; fascinations which +language were vain to embellish. There was soul in her deep hazel eye as +its flashes broke through their long, dark, encircling fringe; her jetty +locks waved harmoniously, contrasting with the virgin snow of the +forehead they wreathed in glossy luxuriance, the unclouded smile played +on her lip like the zephyr over a bed of gossamer, or a sunbeam on the +cheek of Aurora. + +Scarce eleven summers had passed over my head when I first saw Annette. +She was by about three years my elder. Young, though I was, I was not +insensible; she rivetted my gaze, I felt an emotion I could not +comprehend--cannot describe--as it were love in the germ just beginning +to expand, waiting but for the genial warmth of a few summer suns to +nourish and bring it to maturity. We parted, still her image pursued me, +the recollection was sweet, and I loved to cherish it. + +Four years had elapsed; we again met. My soul thrilled with delight in +beholding, in contemplating, her perfections! How was that delight +increased when I saw her countenance shed its loveliest smiles, her eye +pour its heavenliest beams--on _me_--happy presumption--I loved. _We_ +loved; but words spoke not our love. No, each read it in the burning +glances that were reciprocated--in the spirit-breathing sighs that would +ever and anon steal forth--spite of suppression. Let me shorten the tale +of rapture. She was mine; Annette was mine--mine undividedly. SHE IS MINE +NO LONGER. Ask not the cause. I was infuriated, befooled, infatuated; my +own "hands threw the pearl away;" my own lips gave, sealed the sentence, +that robbed me for ever, ay, for ever, of a heart--a treasure, it had +been heaven to possess. SHE IS MINE NO LONGER--yet a pleasure it is, a +melancholy pleasure, how I love it, to recall those moments of refined, +of voluptuous enjoyment, my sole remaining happiness, that they _were_, +my bitterest pang, that they _are not_--moments, when amid the busy +circle--scarce could the eagle glance of surrounding observation control +the bursting emotions of the soul, or, oh, more blest--moments of +solitude--where those motions broke forth, unobserved, unrestrained. SHE +IS MINE NO LONGER. Yet Annette sleeps not in the sombre grave. A blast, +not of death, but more dire, hath scattered those hopes, too +unsubstantially fond to be realized: a chill not of the grave, but more +piercing, hath nipped those blossoms of happiness, too ethereally +delicate for earth. Still Annette lives, beautiful as ever, enchanting +as ever, lives, but for another. Stay, let me recall that word, I wrong +her; it must not, cannot be; her _heart_ is not, never shall be his; with +mine it hath lost its _one_ resting place, and like the dove, seeks not +another. Cruel fate, but I have ceased to repine--ceased to regret. + +IOTA. + + * * * * * + + + +Select Biography. + + * * * * * + + +MEMOIR OF BOLIVAR. + +_(Concluded from page 213.)_ + + +Early in 1818, the supreme chief, after concentrating his forces, marched +rapidly to Calabozo, and arrived before Morillo was aware that he had +quitted Angostura. The Spanish general effected his retreat to Aragua. +The supreme chief came up with him at La Usirrael, but could make but a +slight impression on the enemy, on account of the strength of his +position. Another rencontre occurred at Sombrero. Morillo retired to +Valencia; and Bolivar took possession of the valleys of Aragua. Thence he +detached a strong division to take San Fernando de Apure, in order to +complete the conquest of the Llanos. Upon this the Spaniards advanced. +The two armies met at Semen. Morillo was wounded, and the royalist army +put to flight. The pursuit being indiscreetly conducted by the patriots, +and a fresh royalist division arriving to support Morillo, the fortune of +the day was changed. Each party was alternately defeated, and both +rallied their dispersed corps to reengage at Ortiz. + +The division which succeeded in capturing San Fernando had an indecisive +affair at Cojedes. Others of the same character took place at El Rincon +del Toro, and other places. At the close of this campaign, the Spaniards +held Aragua, and the patriots San Fernando. Thus the former possessed the +most fertile provinces of Venezuela, and all New Granada; while the +latter were reduced to the Llanos and Guayana. Arms were sent to General +Santander, who was endeavouring to raise a division in Casanare. + +In 1819, the various corps united in San Fernando, where the supreme +chief devoted his labours to the regulation of civil affairs. He invited +the provinces to send deputies to Angostura, to form a general congress, +and then delegated his powers to a council of government to act in his +absence. + +With four or five thousand men, the supreme chief opened the campaign +against Morillo, who had six or seven thousand. Twelve hundred British +troops arrived at Margarita from England. They had been +engaged in London by Colonel English, and were equipped and sent out by +Messrs. Herring and Richardson; besides these, eight hundred others also +arrived at Angostura. The latter were engaged by Captain Elsom, and sent +out by Messrs. Hurry, Powles, and Hurry; the greater part were disbanded +soldiers from the British army, reduced on the return of the troops from +France.[4] These volunteers were equipped in the most efficient manner. +With these expeditions large supplies of spare arms were sent to assist +the cause of independence. Bolivar, in his speech to congress, thus +expresses himself on this subject:-- + + [4] Colonel Macirone also sent out above two thousand men, who + were employed in the capture of Porto Bello and Rio de la Hacha. + This caused a very favourable diversion for Bolivar in Venezuela, + as it distracted the attention of the royalists, and but for the + pusillanimous conduct of Macgregor, who commanded the expedition, + might have proved of lasting advantage. + +"For these important advantages we are indebted to the unbounded +liberality of some generous foreigners, who, hearing the groans of +suffering humanity, and seeing the cause of freedom, reason, and justice +ready to sink, would not remain quiet, but flew to our succour with their +munificent aid and protection, and furnished the republic with every +thing needful to cause their philanthropical principles to flourish. +Those friends of mankind are the guardian geniuses of America, and to +them we owe a debt of eternal gratitude, as well as a religious +fulfilment of the several obligations contracted with them." + +Bolivar, leaving the army in command of General Paez, repaired to +Angostura. As Morillo advanced, Paez, agreeable to orders, retired +towards the Orinoco, detaching a few guerillas to harass the Spaniards in +the rear. + +General Urdaneta was appointed to command the recently arrived British +legion in Margarita, which was to act on the side of Caracas, in order to +draw off the attention of Morillo from the Llanos. + +On the 15th of February, 1819, congress was installed at Angostura. The +supreme chief pronounced an eloquent discourse, and resigned his +authority. Congress immediately, and unanimously, elected him president +of the republic. + +Early in March, the president rejoined the army, which was very much +reduced by sickness. On the 27th, he defeated the vanguard of the +Spaniards. Adopting a desultory system of warfare, he obliged them to +recross the Apure, having lost half their original numbers. + +While Morillo remained in winter quarters, the president traversed the +vast plains of the Apure and Casanare, which are rendered almost +impassable by inundations from the month of May to the end of August. In +Casanare, the president formed a junction with the division of Santander, +two thousand strong. Santander had, from the commencement of the +revolution, dedicated himself with enthusiastic constancy to the cause of +his country. He now expelled the Spaniards from their formidable position +of Paya, and opened the way for the president to cross the terrific +Andes, in effecting which, nearly a fourth of his army perished from the +effects of cold and excessive fatigue. + +On the 11th of July, the president attacked the royal army at Gamarra. +After a long engagement, the Spanish general Barrero retired, and did not +again offer battle, except in positions almost inaccessible. Bonza was +invested by the patriots for some days in sight of both armies. The +president, by a flank movement, brought the Spaniards to action on the +25th of July, at Bargas. The Spaniards, though superior in numbers, and +advantageously posted, gave way, and the president obtained a complete +victory. His inferior forces, however, and the nature of the country, did +not allow him to make the most of this glorious success; but he obtained +a thousand recruits, and marched to interpose between the defeated +Barrero and the viceroy Samano, who, with all the disposable force south +of Bogotá, was about to support Barrero. The result of the president's +daring and masterly movement was the battle of Boyaca, fought on the 7th +of August, and which has been called the _birth of Colombia_. In this +battle, the English troops, under the command of Major Mackintosh, +greatly distinguished themselves. The gallant major was promoted by the +liberator on the field. In three days afterwards the president entered +Bogotá in triumph, and, within a short period, eleven provinces of New +Granada announced their adhesion to the cause of independence. + +Bolivar repaired to Angostura, where he once more resigned his authority +to the representatives of the people, and laid on their floor the +trophies of the last campaign. On the 25th of December, 1819, congress, +at the suggestion of the president, decreed that thenceforth Venezuela +and New Granada should form one republic, under the denomination of +COLOMBIA. At the same time it conferred upon Bolivar the title of +LIBERATOR OF COLOMBIA, and re-elected him president of the republic. + +In March, 1820, he arrived at Bogotá, and occupied himself until August +in the organization of the army cantoned at various points between +Cucuta and San Fernando de Apure. + +The Spanish revolution, which originated in the Isla de Leon, inspired +the South Americans with new hopes. These were raised still higher by the +solicitude of Morillo to negotiate an armistice; but Bolivar, refusing to +treat upon any other basis than that of independence, marched to the +department of the Magdalena, reviewed the besieging force before +Carthagena, and reinforced the division of the south, destined to act +against Popayan and Quito. The president drove the Spaniards from the +provinces of Merida and Truxillo, and established his winter headquarters +at the latter town. On the 26th of November, the president concluded an +armistice of six months with Morillo, who engaged that, on the renewal of +hostilities, the war should be carried on, conformably to the practice of +civilized nations. + +In the beginning of the year 1821, the liberator went to Bogotá, to +attend to the affairs of the south; when hearing of the arrival at +Caracas of Spanish commissioners to treat for peace, he returned to +Truxillo; but no terms were then agreed upon. In the meanwhile, the +province of Maracaybo shook off the Spanish yoke. Morillo having departed +for Europe, General La Torre, a brave and very superior man, succeeded to +the command of the royal army, and made strong remonstrances against the +movement in the province of Maracaybo, which he deemed an infraction of +the armistice, and hostilities in consequence recommenced. The liberator +concentrated his forces in Varinas; he detached a division to the coast +under General Urdaneta, and another to the east, under General Bermudez, +to divide the attention of the enemy, and marched himself against +Caracas. On the 24th of June, the liberator attacked and defeated the +Spaniards, who had taken up a strong position at Carabobo. The numbers on +both sides were nearly equal. This battle decided the fate of Colombia. +The victorious liberator entered Caracas on the 29th. On the 2nd of July, +La Guayra also surrendered to him. + +Leaving a besieging division before Puerto Cabello, the liberator went to +Cucuta, where he resigned once more the office of president of the +republic, which, in admiration of his disinterestedness, instantly +re-elected him. + +When the province of Guayaquil declared itself independent, it solicited +the assistance of Bolivar against the Spaniards in Quito. A small +division was accordingly sent there. + +The liberator, having signed the constitution sanctioned by congress, +obtained leave to direct the war in the south. In January, 1822, he put +himself at the head of the army in Popayan, and sent a reinforcement to +General Sucre in Guayaquil. + +In the month of March, the liberator moved against the province of Pasto, +the inhabitants of which country are surpassed in bravery by no people in +the world, but who adhered with blind attachment to the ancient regime. +The liberator, having overcome the obstacles presented by nature in the +valleys of Patia, and the formidable river Guanabamba, arrived in front +of Bombona. The _Pastusos_ (inhabitants of the province of Pasto) had +here taken up a strong position, supported by the Spanish troops. They +were vigorously attacked; but every charge made in front was repulsed. It +was not until the rifle battalion, commanded by the able Colonel Sands, +outflanked the _Pastusos_, that victory declared for Bolivar; but his +army had suffered so severely, that, instead of immediately following up +the fugitives through a hostile country, it fell back a short distance. + +Whilst these operations were going on, Sucre liberated the provinces of +Loja and Cuenca, and, on the 24th of May, gained the victory of +Pinchincha, which gave independence to Quito. In the same year Carthagena +and Cumaná, surrendered to the liberating forces in Venezuela. + +The liberator entered Quito on the 16th of June. His attention was soon +attracted to the discontents which had arisen at Guayaquil, where the +Colombians had become unpopular. His excellency proceeded to that town, +and, under his auspices, the provisional government annexed the province +to Colombia. + +One of the results of the interview which took place between the +protector of Peru and the liberator of Colombia was the sending of an +auxiliary force of two thousand Colombians to Lima; but the junta, which +proceeded to the protectorate, ordered the Colombian troops to return to +Guayaquil. The president Riva Aguero, who succeeded to the junta, applied +for an auxiliary Colombian division of six thousand men, and invited +Bolivar to take the command of all the military forces in Peru. The +Colombian troops were sent to Lima. General Bolivar obtained leave from +the congress at Bogotá to go to Peru--the grand scene of his subsequent +triumphs. + +The person of Bolivar is thin, and somewhat below the middle size. He +dresses in good taste, and has an easy military walk. He is a very bold +rider, and capable of undergoing great fatigue. His manners are good, and +his address unaffected, but not very prepossessing. It is said that, in +his youth, he was rather handsome. His complexion is sallow; his hair, +originally very black, is now mixed with gray. His eyes are dark and +penetrating, but generally downcast, or turned askance, when he speaks; +his nose is well formed, his forehead high and broad, the lower part of +the face is sharp; the expression of the countenance is careworn, +lowering, and sometimes rather fierce. His temper, spoiled by adulation, +is fiery and capricious. His opinions of men and things are variable. He +is rather prone to personal abuse, but makes ample amends to those who +will put up with it. Towards such his resentments are not lasting. He is +a passionate admirer of the fair sex, but jealous to excess. He is fond +of waltzing, and is a very quick, but not a very graceful dancer. His +mind is of the most active description. When not more stirringly +employed, he is always reading, dictating letters, &c., or conversing. +His voice is loud and harsh, but he speaks eloquently on most subjects. +His reading has been principally confined to French authors; hence the +Gallic idioms so common in his productions. He is an _impressive_ writer, +but his style is vitiated by an affectation of grandeur. Speaking so well +as he does, it is not wonderful that he should be more fond of hearing +himself talk than of listening to others, and apt to engross conversation +in the society he receives. He entertains numerously, and no one has more +skilful cooks, or gives better dinners; but he is himself so very +abstemious, in both eating and drinking, that he seldom takes his place +at his own table until the repast is nearly over, having probably dined +in private upon a plain dish or two. He is fond of giving toasts, which +he always prefaces in the most eloquent and appropriate manner; and his +enthusiasm is so great, that he frequently mounts his chair, or the +table, to propose them. Although the cigar is almost universally used in +South America, Bolivar never smokes, nor does he permit smoking in his +presence. He is never without proper officers in waiting, and keeps up a +considerable degree of etiquette. Disinterested in the extreme with +regard to pecuniary affairs, he is insatiably covetous of fame. Bolivar +invariably speaks of England, of her institutions, and of her great men, +in terms of admiration. He often dwells with great warmth upon the +constancy, fidelity, and sterling merit of the English officers who have +served in the cause of independence, under every varying event of the +war. A further proof of his predilection towards England is that he has +always had upon his personal staff a number of British subjects. + +--_Memoirs of General Miller_. + + * * * * * + + + +Fine Arts. + + * * * * * + + + +EXHIBITIONS AT THE BAZAAR, + +_Oxford Street_. + +THE BRITISH DIORAMA. + + +On Saturday, the 11th, there was a private view of four new pictures, by +Stanfield and Roberts, at this very interesting lounge. They consist of + +1. _The City of York, with the Minster on fire_--a picturesque view of +the cathedral, with a mimic display of the conflagration, the accuracy of +which will make the property-man of the Opera tremble. + +2. _The Temple of Apollinopolis, in Egypt_, a magnificent picture of +Egyptian architecture--"noble in decay." The splendid leaved capitals of +the pillars reminded us of the following, which we had that morning read +in the _Journal of a Naturalist_:--"No portion of creation," says the +author, "has been resorted to by mankind with more success for the +ornament and decoration of their labours, than the vegetable world. The +rites, emblems, and mysteries of religion; national achievements, +eccentric marks, and the capricious visions of fancy, have all been +wrought by the hand of the sculptor, on the temple, the altar, or the +tomb; but plants, their foliage, flowers, or fruits, as the most +graceful, varied, and pleasing objects that meet our view, have been more +universally the object of design, and have supplied the most beautiful, +and perhaps the earliest, embellishments of art. The pomegranate, the +almond, and flowers, were selected even in the wilderness, and by divine +appointment, to give form to the sacred utensils; the rewards of merit, +the wreath of the victor, were arboraceous; in later periods, the +acanthus, the ivy, the lotus, the vine, the palm, and the oak, flourished +under the chisel, or beneath the loom of the artist; and in modern days, +the vegetable world affords the almost exclusive decorations of ingenuity +and art." + +3. _Entrance to the Village of Virex, in Italy_--a pleasing picture of +what may be termed _an architectural village_; for some of the dwellings +almost approach to palaces, and others have a conventual character, which +harmonizes with the sublime beauties of nature which rise around them. + +4. _Interior of St. Saveur, in Normandy._ As an architectural picture we +are not disposed to rate this so highly as the two preceding. + +The alternations of light and shade are admirably managed in all of them, +among which a flood of light streaming through one of the cathedral +windows will be much admired. The size of each picture is 70 feet by +50--and the four may be seen for _one shilling!_ + +Below stairs, the fine group from Reubens's Descent from the Cross, and +Albert Durer's Carvings of the Life of the Virgin Mary, still continue +open. + +Another exhibition, _Trepado, or Cut-Paper Work_, to use a vulgar phrase, +"cut out" all the work of the kind we have ever seen. We have a sister +very ingenious in these matters; but her productions, compared with the +cuttings of the Oxford-street Bazaar, are as John Nash with Michael +Angelo. These cuttings are in imitation of Line Engraving, comprising +sixteen pictures, cut with scissars, among which are the Lord's +Supper--Conversion of St. Paul--The Battle of Alexander--A Portrait of +his Majesty George IV., &c. They are almost the counterfeit presentment +of pencil-drawings, such as Varley and Brookman and Langdon could not +excel. Yet these are cut with scissars! A greater exercise of patience, +to say the least of it, we scarcely know. Every one who wishes to cut a +figure in the world ought to learn this art; and certain fair cutters may +by this means spread even stronger meshes than these paper nets. We mean +to see them again, although we have too many _cuttings_ to make for the +gratification of our readers to allow us to enter into the _Trepado_ +study _con amore_--and so with this recommendation, we _cut_ the subject. +We, however, expect to meet scores of our Easter friends in the Bazaar; +and there is no similar establishment in London where so much may be seen +for so little money. + +The Bazaar has lately been extended for a suite of rooms for the +exhibition of Household Furniture, for sale. There are already several +handsome specimens--many of them fit for the splendid palaces building in +the Regent's Park. If the reader be one of those who "meditate on +muffineers and plan pokers," he will enjoy this part of the Bazaar. In +all the Parisian bazaars, there is an abundance of _meubles_ and you get +accommodated with a newspaper and a chair, as the Street-publishers say, +"for the small charge of one penny:" might it not be so here, or is an +Englishman obliged to read and drink (not think) at the same time? + +The counters of the Bazaar are abundantly stocked with _bijouterie_ and +nic-nacs, the _Nouveautes de Paris_ and Spitalfields--Canton in China, +and Leatherlane in Holborn--toy-carts for children, and fleecy hosiery +for old folks--puffs and pastry, and the last new song--inkstands, +taper-lights, pen-wipers, perfumed sealing-wax, French hair-paper, +curling-wheels--and all the fair ammunition of love and madness. If you +leave your purse at home, or, what is worse, if you have left your money, +you know not where, remember Bishop Berkley, and console yourself with +the reflection that all these things were made for your enjoyment, and +that all around are striving to please you. This will be no trifling +source of pleasure--it will fill your head and fill your heart with +joy--leave the _pockets_ to grosser minds. + + * * * * * + + +SOCIETY OF BRITISH ARTISTS, SUFFOLK-STREET, PALL-MALL, EAST. + +_By a Correspondent_. + + +The sixth exhibition of this society is now open to the public, and the +display of talent fully equals, or, perhaps, excels, that of former +seasons. The society, since its commencement, has realized twelve +thousand pounds from the sale of the works of British artists, who, thus +stimulated by the disposal of their performances, have exerted their +utmost ability in contributing specimens of their art to the present +exhibition. We can, however, only notice a few of those artists who have +been particularly successful; our limits not allowing us to extend +justice to _all_. + +The most splendid painting in the gallery is No. 7, _The Departure of the +Israelites out of Egypt_, by Mr. Roberts. In the performance of this +work, the painter has evidently endeavoured to imitate Martin's +compositions. The picture, viewed at a little distance, is certainly +grand and imposing; on a near inspection, however, we look in vain for +the exquisite finish, and the characteristic expression so universally +admired in Mr. Martin's works. We advise Mr. Roberts, if he pursues this +class of painting, to unite finish with his bold effects--for attention +in this respect will prove the _denouement_ of his pictures. No. 188, +_Erle Stoke Park, the seat of G. Watson Taylor, Esq. M.P._ by Mr. +Stanfield, is a very delightful picture, being remarkably chaste and +clear in the colouring. No. 404, _Mattock High Tor_, by Mr. Hotland, and +No. 440, _A Party crossing the Alps_, by Mr. Egerton, are works of high +merit; as are the performances of Messrs. Wilson, Blake, Glover,[5] +Knight, Nasmyth, Farrier, Gill, Novice, Stevens, Turner, Holmes, and +Pidding. + + [5] _Apropos_, three are twenty-three pictures by this gentleman + in the gallery. + +The engravings and sculpture are likewise very creditable to the +institution this season. Mr. Quilly has executed an excellent print from +Stanfield's fine picture, _The Wreckers_, which was exhibited last year +at the British Institution. + +Among the busts in the sculpture-room we notice those of Lord Eldon, Sir +F. Burdett, Sir H. Davy, the late Lord Bishop of Salisbury, &c. + +G.W.N. + + * * * * * + + + +SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS. + + * * * * * + + +(_Concluded from, page 254_.) + + +"_N'importe!_" exclaimed Stubbs, gaily; "there are more admirers, in this +world, of the ridiculous than of the true, that let me tell you. But I +must to my studies, for the night approaches. Next Monday--and this is +Thursday--and I am by no means _au fait_ yet in my part. So good +morning--let me see you soon again--and meanwhile adieu! adieu! remember +me!" + +Mr. M'Crab departed; and Mr. Henry Augustus Constantine Stubbs prepared +to go through the soliloquy of "To be--or not to be," before a mirror +which reflected the whole of his person. + +Monday came, and oh! with what a flutter of delight Mr. Stubbs cast his +eyes upon that part of the paper, where the play for the evening was +announced, and where he read, "_This evening will be acted the tragedy of +Hamlet: the part of Hamlet by a gentleman, his first appearance on any +stage._" + + * * * * * + +His carriage was at the door--and he told the coachman to drive down ---- +street, that he might see in passing along, whether the crowd at the pit +and gallery doors, would obstruct his progress. It was not quite so large +as to stretch across the carriage road; but he was sure there were some +hundreds, though so early, and he thought they must have heard who the +"gentleman" was, that was then rolling by. He would not be positive, too; +but he could almost swear he heard an huzza, as he passed along. There +were above a dozen persons collected round the stage door; and he plainly +perceived that _they_ drew back with respectful admiration, as the new +Hamlet stepped out of his carriage. + +He hastened to his dressing-room, where he found his friend, the manager, +Mr. Peaess, who shook him by the hand, as he informed him that they had +an excellent box-book. Stubbs smiled graciously; and the manager left him +with his dresser, to attire himself in his "customary suit of solemn +black." Mr. Stubbs had kept his intention of stuffing the character a +profound secret, fearful lest any technical objections should be made by +Mr. Peaess, and desirous also of making the first impression in the +green-room. When he entered it, therefore, in the likeness of a chubby +undertaker, ready for a funeral, rather than in that of the "unmatched +form and feature of blown youth"--in short, the very type and image of +poor Tokely in _Peter Pastoral_,--his eyes and ears were on the alert to +catch the look of surprise, and buzz of admiration, which he very +naturally anticipated. He was a little daunted by a suppressed titter +which ran round the room; but he was utterly confounded when his best and +dearest friend, Mr. Peaess himself, coming up to him exclaimed,--"Why, +zounds! Mr. Stubbs, what have you been doing? By ----, the audience will +never stand this." + +"Stand what?" replied Henry Augustus Constantine Stubbs. + +"What!" echoed the manager; "why this pot-belly, and those cherub +cheeks." + +"Pooh! pooh!" replied Stubbs, "it's Shakspeare's, and I can prove it." + +"You may pooh! pooh! as much as you like, Mr. Stubbs," rejoined the +manager; "but, by ----, you've made a mere apple-dumpling of yourself." + +"Do you think so," exclaimed Stubbs, glancing in one of the +mirrors--"Well; I do assure you it is Shakspeare, and I'll prove it. But +what shall I do?" and he looked imploringly round upon the broad, +grinning countenances of the other performers. + +"Do?" ejaculated Mr. Peaess; "you can do nothing now--the curtain has +been up these ten minutes; Horatio and Marcellus are coming off, and you +must go on." + +At this moment the ghost of Hamlet's father entered the room, but before +he had time to look upon his son, the call-boy's summons was heard for +the King, Queen, Hamlet, Polonius, Laertes, &c., to be ready, and forth +sallied poor Mr. Henry Augustus Constantine Stubbs, to prove, if he +could, to the audience, that his rotundity was perfectly Shakspearian. + +The awful flourish of drum and trumpet was sounded;--their majesties of +Denmark, attended by their train of courtiers, walked on. There is a +pause! All eyes are bent in eager gaze to catch the first glimpse of the +new Hamlet--all hands are ready to applaud. He appears--boxes, pit, and +gallery, join in the generous welcome of the unknown candidate. He +revives--hastens to the foot-lights--bows--another round of +applause--bows again--and again--and then falls back, to let the business +of the scene proceed. He looks round, meanwhile, with the swelling +consciousness that he is that moment "the observed of all observers," and +tries to rally his agitated spirits; but just as he is beginning to do +so, his wandering eye rests upon the ill-omened face of M'Crab, seated in +the front-row of the stage-box, who is gazing at him with a grotesque +smile, which awakens an overwhelming recollection of his own prediction, +that he "would be horribly laughed at, if he did make Hamlet a fat little +fellow," as well as a bewildering reminiscence of the manager's, that, +"by ----, the audience would not stand it." + +It was soon evident they would not, or rather that they could not stand +it. But it was not alone his new reading in what regarded the person of +Hamlet, that excited astonishment. Mr. Stubbs had so many other new +readings, that before he got to the end of his first speech, beginning +with, "Seems, madam! nay, it is," they were satisfied of what was to +follow. When, however, Mr. Stubbs stood alone upon the stage, in the full +perfection of his figure, and concentrated upon himself the undivided +attention of the house--when he gathered up his face into an +indescribable aspect of woe--but, above all, when, placing his two hands +upon his little round belly, he exclaimed, while looking sorrowfully at +it, + + "Oh, that this too, too solid flesh would melt, + (Pat, went the right hand,) + Thaw, and resolve itself into a dew," + (Pat, went the left hand,) + +the effect was irresistible. One roar of laughter shook the theatre, from +the back row of the shilling gallery to the first row of the pit, mingled +with cries of _bravo! bravo! go on, my little fellow--you shall have fair +play--silence--bravo! silence!_--Stubbs, meanwhile, looked as if he were +really wondering what they were all laughing at; and when at length +silence was partially restored, he continued his soliloquy. His delivery +of the lines, + + "Fye on't oh fye! 'tis an unweeded garden + That grown to seed: things rank and gross in nature," &c. + +was one of his new readings--for holding up his finger, and looking +towards the audience with a severe expression of countenance, it appeared +as though he were chiding their ill manners in laughing at him, when he +said, "Fye on't--oh, fye!" + +He was allowed to proceed, however, with such interruptions only as his +own original conceptions of the part provoked from time to time; or when +any thing he had to say was obviously susceptible of an application to +himself. Thus, for example, in the scene with Horatio and Marcellus, +after his interview with the ghost:-- + + _"Ham_. And now, good friends, + As you are friends, scholars, and soldiers, + Give me one poor request. + + _Hor_. What is it, my lord? We will. + + _Ham. Never make known what you have seen to-night."_ + +"Let him, if he likes," exclaimed a voice from the pit--"he'll never see +such a sight again."--Then, in his instructions to the players, his +delivery of them was accompanied by something like the following running +commentary: + +"Speak the speech, I pray you, as I pronounced it to you, (_that is +impossible!_) trippingly on the tongue: but if you mouth it, as many of +our players do, (_laughter_,) I had as lief the town-crier spoke my +lines. * * * Oh, it offends me to the soul, to hear a robustious, +periwig-pated fellow (_like yourself_) tear a passion to tatters, &c.--I +would have such a fellow whipped (_give it him, he deserves it_) for +o'erdoing Termagant. * * * Oh, there be players that I have seen play, +(_no, we see him,_) and heard others praise, and that highly, (_oh! oh! +oh!_) not to speak it profanely, that, having neither the accent of +Christians, (_ha! ha! ha!_) nor the gait of Christian, Pagan, nor man, +have so strutted (_bravo! little 'un!_) and bellowed, (_hit him again!_) +that I have thought some of nature's journeymen had made men, (_who made +you?_) and not made them well, (_no, you are a bad fit_,) they imitated +humanity so abominably." (_Roars of laughter_.) + +It was thus Mr. Henry Augustus Constantine Stubbs enacted Hamlet; and it +was not till the end of the fourth act that he suffered a single +observation to escape him, which indicated he thought any thing was +amiss. Then, indeed, while sitting in the green-room, and as if the idea +had just struck him, he said to Mr. Peaess, "Do you know, I begin to +think I have some enemies in the house, for when, in the scene with +Ophelia, I said, 'What should such fellows as I do crawling between earth +and heaven?' somebody called out, loud enough for me to hear him, 'Ay! +what, indeed?' It's very odd. Did you notice it, ma'am?" he continued +addressing the lady who performed Ophelia. "I can't say I did," replied +the lady, biting her lips most unmercifully, to preserve her gravity of +countenance. + +This was the only remark made by the inimitable Mr. Stubbs during the +whole evening, and he went through the fifth act with unabated +self-confidence. His dying scene was honoured with thunders of applause, +and loud cries of _encore_. Stubbs raised his head, and looking at +Horatio, who was bending over him, inquired, "Do you think they mean it?" + +"Lie still, for God's sake!" exclaimed Horatio, and the curtain slowly +descended amid deafening roars of laughter, and shouts of hurrah! hurrah! + +The next morning, at breakfast, Stubbs found all the daily papers on his +table, pursuant to his directions. He took up one, and read, in large +letters--"THEATRE. FIRST AND LAST APPEARANCE OF MR. HENRY AUGUSTUS +CONSTANTINE STUBBS IN HAMLET." + +He read no more. The paper dropped from his hands; and Mr. Stubbs +remained nothing but a GENTLEMAN all the rest of his life--_Blackwood's +Mag_. + + * * * * * + + +LINES WRITTEN AT WARWICK CASTLE.[6] + +BY CHARLES BADHAM, M.D. F.R.S. + +_Professor of Medicine in the University of Glasgow_. + + + I. + + I leave thee, Warwick, and thy precincts grey, + Amidst a thousand winters still the same, + Ere tempests rend thy last sad leaves away, + And from thy bowers the native rock reclaim; + Crisp dews now glitter on the joyless field, + The gun's red disk now sheds no parting rays, + And through thy trophied hall the burnished shield + Disperses wide the swiftly mounting blaze. + + II. + + Thy pious paladins from Jordan's shore, + And all thy steel-clad barons are at rest; + Thy turrets sound to warder's tread no more; + Beneath their brow the dove hath hung her nest; + High on thy beams the harmless falchion shines; + No stormy trumpet wakes thy deep repose; + Past are the days that, on the serried lines + Around thy walls, saw the portcullis close. + + III. + + The bitter feud was quell'd, the culverin + No longer flash'd, us blighting mischief round, + But many an age was on those ivies green, + Ere Taste's calm eye had scann'd the gifted ground; + Bade the fair path o'er glade or woodland stray, + Bade Avon's swans through new Rialtos glide, + Forced through the rock its deeply channell'd way, + And threw, to Arts of peace, the portals wide. + + IV. + + But most to Her, whose light and daring hand + Can swiftly follow Fancy's wildest dream! + All times and nations in whose presence stand, + All that creation owns, her boundless theme! + And with her came the maid of Attic stole, + Untaught of dazzling schools the gauds to prize, + Who breathes in purest forms her calm control, + Heroic strength, and grace that never dies! + + + V. + + Ye that have linger'd o'er each form divine, + Beneath the vault of Rome's unsullied sky, + Or where Bologna's cloister'd walls enshrine + Her martyr Saint--her mystic Rosary-- + Of Arragon the hapless daughter view! + Scan, for ye may, that fine enamel near! + Such Catherine was, thus Leonardo drew-- + Discern ye not the "Jove of painters" here? + + + VI. + + Discern ye not the mighty master's power + In yon devoted Saint's uplifted eye? + That clouds the brow and bids already lour + O'er the First Charles the shades of sorrows nigh? + That now on furrow'd front of Rembrandt gleams, + Now breathes the rose of life and beauty there, + In the soft eye of Henrietta dreams, + And fills with fire the glance of Gondomar? + + + VII. + + Here to Salvator's solemn pencil true, + Huge oaks swing rudely in the mountain blast; + Here grave Poussin on gloomy canvass threw + The lights that steal from clouds of tempest past; + And see! from Canaletti's glassy wave, + Like Eastern mosques, patrician Venice rise; + Or marble moles that rippling waters lave, + Where Claude's warm sunsets tinge Italian skies! + + + VIII. + + Nor let the critic frown such themes arraign, + Here sleep the mellow lyre's enchanting keys; + Here the wrought table's darkly polish'd plain, + Proffers light lore to much-enduring ease; + Enamelled clocks here strike the silver bell; + Here Persia spreads the web of many dies; + Around, on silken couch, soft cushions swell, + That Stambol's viziers proud might not despise. + + + IX. + + The golden lamp here sheds its pearly light, + Within the cedar'd panels, dusky pale; + No mirror'd walls the wandering glance invite, + No gauzy curtains drop the misty veil. + And there the vista leads of lessening doors, + And there the summer sunset's golden gleam + Along the line of darkling portrait pours, + And warms the polish'd oak or ponderous beam. + + + X. + + Hark! from the depths beneath that proud saloon + The water's moan comes fitful and subdued, + Where in mild glory yon triumphant moon + Smiles on the arch that nobly spans the flood-- + And here have kings and hoary statesmen gazed, + When spring with garlands deck'd the vale below, + Or when the waning year had lightly razed + The banks where Avon's lingering fountains flow. + + + XI. + + And did no minstrel greet the courtly throng? + Did no fair flower of English loveliness + On timid lute sustain some artless song, + Her meek brow bound with smooth unbraided tress? + For Music knew not yet the stately guise, + Content with simplest notes to touch the soul, + Not from her choirs as when loud anthems rise, + Or when she bids orchestral thunders roll! + + + XII. + + Here too the deep and fervent orison + Hath matron whisper'd for her absent lord, + Peril'd in civil wars, that shook the throne, + When every hand in England, clench'd the sword:-- + And here, as tales and chronicles agree, + If tales and chronicles be deem'd sincere, + Fair Warwick's heiress smiled at many a plea + Of puissant Thane, or Norman cavalier. + + + XIII. + + Or dost thou sigh for theme of classic lore + Midst arms and moats, and battlements and towers? + Behold the Vase! that, erst on Anio's shore, + Hath found a splendid home in Warwick's bowers: + To British meads ere yet the Saxon came, + The pomp of senates swept its pedestal, + And kings of many an Oriental name + Have seen its shadow, and are perish'd all! + + + XIV. + + Haply it stood on that illustrious ground + Where circling columns once, in sculptur'd pride, + With fine volute or wreath'd acanthus crown'd, + Rear'd some light roof by Anio's plunging tide; + There, in the brightness of the votive fane + To rural or to vintage gods addrest, + Those vine clad symbols of Pan's peaceful reign + Amidst dark pines their sacred seats possess'd. + + + XV. + + Or, did it break with soft and silvery shower + The silence of some marble solitude, + Where Adrian, at the fire fly's glittering hour, + Of rumour'd worlds to come the doubts review'd? + Go mark his tomb!--in that sepulchral mole + Scowls the fell bandit:--from its towering height + Old Tiber's flood reflects the girandole, + Midst bells, and shouts, and rockets' arrowy flight! + + + XVI. + + Warwick, farewell! Long may thy fortunes stand, + And sires of sires hold rule within thy walls, + Thy streaming banners to the breeze expand, + And the heart's griefs pass lightly o'er thy halls! + May happier bards, on Avon's sedgy shore, + Sustain on nobler lyre thy poet's vow, + And all thy future lords (what can they more?) + Wear the green laurels of thy fame, as now! + + [6] These lines will form a beautiful pendant to the picturesque + Engraving of WARWICK CASTLE, in No. 357 of the MIRROR--as well as + to the very interesting antiquarian description by our esteemed + correspondent _L.L._ + +NOTES. + +One of the towers of Warwick Castle is complimented with the name of +Guy's Tower; certain ponderous armour and utensils preserved in the lodge +are also attributed to Guy; nobody, in short, thinks of Guy without +Warwick, or of Warwick without Guy; "Arms and the Man" ought to have been +emblazoned on the castle banner; and why should I hesitate to say, that +one of the most amiable of children perpetuates the heroic name within +its walls? Had this renowned adventurer been ambitious of patriarchal +honours, his descendants might have extended the ancestral renown, and +have furnished many a ballad of those good old times; but when the Saxon +Ulysses had returned from his pilgrimage to Jerusalem, and made an end of +Colbrand and the Dun Cow, his fancy was to take alms in disguise from his +own fair lady, at his own castle gate, and then retire (_tous les goúts +sont respectables_) to a certain hole or cave called Guy's Cliff, where +he amused himself (in the intervals of rheumatism) for the rest of his +natural life in counting his beads and ruminating on his sins, which, as +he was a great traveller and a hero, might have been considerable. + + +STANZA III. + +The following interesting passage is copied from a book of ordinary +occurrence, in which it is cited without stating the authority. It is +more than doubtful if any other nobleman in the kingdom, at that time or +since, has projected or executed so much on his own property as the late +Earl of Warwick:-- + +"I purchased a magnificent collection of pictures by Vandyke, Rubens, &c. +The marbles are not equalled, perhaps, in the kingdom. I made a noble +approach to the castle through a solid rock, built a porter's lodge, and +founded a library full of books, some valuable and scarce, all well +chosen. I made an armoury, and built walls round the court and pleasure +gardens. I built a noble green-house, and filled it with beautiful +plants. I placed in it a vase, considered the finest remain of Grecian +art, for its size and beauty. I made a noble lake, from 3 to 600 feet +broad, and a mile long. I planted trees, now worth 100,000l., besides +100 acres of ash. I built a stone bridge of 105 feet in span, every stone +from 2,000 to 3,800 lbs in weight. The weight of the first tier on the +centre was estimated at 1,000 tons. I gave the bridge to the town with no +toll on it. I will not enumerate a great many other things done by me. +Let Warwick Castle speak for itself." + +STANZA X. + +There is a _feeling of respect_ inspired by ancient buildings of +importance. Such a castle as Warwick, which has lodged a succession of +generations of the most opposite characters--at one time the "dulcis et +quieti animi vir, et qui, cougruo suis moribus studio, vitam egit et +clausit;" at another by the assassin of Piers de Gaveston, the king's +favourite, "whose head he cut off upon Blacklow Hill, and gave the friars +preachers the charge of his body, inasmuch as he had called the said earl +the Black Dog of Arderne"--is not to be approached as one visits a +handsome stone house of Palladian architecture!--such a house we know can +never have been the scene either of council or conspiracy; within such +walls there can never have been "latens odium inter regem et proceres, et +præsecipuè inter comitem de Warwick et adhærentes ejusdem." + +As to the river and its swans. I have learned from the bard to whom it +has been long since consecrated, (although he may not have had the right +of fishing in it when alive,) that "discretion is the better part of +valour." + +If I were to describe the walks, I should only say that they were +contrived, as all walks ought to be, to let in the sun or to shut him out +by turns. Here you rejoice in the fulness of his meridian strength, and +here in the shadows of various depth and intensity, which a well disposed +and happily contrasted sylvan population knows how to effect. The +senatorial oak, the spreading sycamore, the beautiful plane, (which I +never see without recollecting the channel of the Asopus and the woody +sides of Oeta,) the aristocratic pine running up in solitary stateliness +till it equal the castle turrets--all these, and many more, are admirably +intermingled and contrasted, in plantations which establish, as every +thing in and about the castle does, the consummate taste of the late +earl, although it must be admitted he had the finest subjects to work +upon, from the happy disposition of the ground. I shall never forget the +first time I walked over them; a pheasant occasionally shifting his +quarters at my intrusion, and making his noisy way through an ether so +clear, so pure, so motionless, that the broad leaves subsided, rather +than fell to the ground, without the least disturbance; the tall grey +chimneys just breathing their smoke upon the blue element, which they +scarcely stained; every green thing was beginning to wear the colour of +decay, and many a tint of yellow, deepening into orange, made me sensible +that "there be tongues in trees," if not "good in every thing." But +Montaigne says nothing is useless, _not even inutility itself_. + +STANZA XIII. + +This superb work of antiquity must indeed be seen, to be sufficiently +estimated: the great failure of that branch of the fine arts which is +employed to represent all the rest, is in the inadequate idea of size +which it must necessarily give where the objects to be represented are +large. + +The marble vases now extant are, of course, comparatively few in number, +and this is, perhaps, excepting the Medicean, the finest of them all. The +best representations of it are those in Piranesi, three in number. One +great, and conspicuous beauty of this vase consists in the elegantly +formed handles, and in the artful insertion of the extreme branches of +the vine-stems which compose them, into its margin, where they throw off +a rich embroidery of leaves and fruit. A lion's skin, with the head and +claws attached, form a sort of drapery, and the introduction of the +thyrsus, the lituus, and three bacchanalian masks on each side, complete +the embellishments. The capacity of this vase is 103 gallons, its +diameter 9 feet, its pedestal of course modern. It was discovered in +1770, in the draining of a mephitic lake within the enclosure of the +Villa Adriana, called Laga di Pantanello. Lord Warwick had reason to be +proud of his vase, which had this peculiarity, that, whereas almost every +other object of art in the kingdom has been catalogued and sold over and +over again, this vase passed (after a sufficiently long parenthesis of +time) _immediately from the gardens of Adrian to his own!_ + +_Blackwood's Magazine._ + + * * * * * + + + +Manners & Customs of all Nations. + + * * * * * + + + +HEAVING. + +_(For the Mirror.)_ + + +They have a ludicrous custom in Staffordshire, at Easter, which they call +heaving. The males claim Easter Monday, and the females Tuesday, and on +this day a group of the latter assemble, and every male they meet with +they seize, and one of them salutes him with a kiss, after which they all +lay hold of him and heave him up as high as they can, for this they +require some donation, which, if refused, they will seize his hat, +handkerchief, or any thing they can lay hold of. This lasts till twelve +o'clock. Sometimes old women collect together, and then woe be to the +person who does not present them with a trifle, and thus stop their +proceedings; for if not, their snuffy beaks might come in contact with +their prisoners' lips. They often collect 10 or 12s. and spend it in +carousing at night. + +W.H. + + * * * * * + + +CONVICTS IN NEW SOUTH WALES. + + +The regular hours of work are from sun-rise to sun-set; but so few +settlers get up to see that this time is kept, that a much shorter period +is generally employed in labour. The expense of maintaining a convict is +rather a difficult calculation: where there are many men, they are, of +course, supported at much less per man than where there are but few, from +being able to buy slop clothes, tea, and the other necessaries, at +wholesale prices, of the importing merchant. The waste, also, made by the +convicts in their meat, &c. is a serious consideration: the head and +entrails of animals slaughtered for their use, and which an English +labourer would be glad of, are thrown away as only fit for the dogs; +nothing but the body and legs are deemed sufficiently good for these +dainty characters. Taking all expenses into consideration, I think that +from 25l. to 30l. per man may be estimated as the annual +cost--_Widowson's Present State of Van Dieman's Land_. + + * * * * * + + +THROWING STONES AT THE DEVIL. + + +On arriving at Wady Muna, each nation encamped upon the spot which custom +has assigned to it, at every returning Hadj. After disposing of the +baggage, the hadjys hastened to the ceremony of throwing stones at the +devil. It is said that, when Abraham or Ibrahim returned from the +pilgrimage to Arafat, and arrived at Wady Muna, the devil Eblys presented +himself before him at the entrance of the valley, to obstruct his +passage; when the angel Gabriel, who accompanied the patriarch, advised +him to throw stones at him, which he did, and after pelting him seven +times, Eblys retired. When Abraham reached the middle of the valley, he +again appeared before him, and, for the last time, at its western +extremity, and was both times repulsed by the same number of stones. +According to Azraky, the Pagan Arabs, in commemoration of this tradition, +used to cast stones in this valley as they returned from the pilgrimage; +and setup seven idols at Muna, of which there was one in each of the +three spots where the devil appeared, at each of which they cast three +stones. Mohammed, who made this ceremony one of the chief duties of the +hadjys, increased the number of stones to seven. At the entrance of the +valley, towards Mezdelfe, stands a rude stone pillar, or rather altar, +between six or seven feet high, in the midst of the street, against which +the first seven stones are thrown, as the place where the devil made his +first stand: towards the middle of the valley is a similar pillar, and at +its western end a wall of stones, which is made to serve the same +purpose. The hadjys crowded in rapid succession round the first pillar, +called "Djamrat el Awla;" and every one threw seven small stones +successively upon it; they then passed to the second and third spots +(called "Djamrat el Owsat," and "Djamrat el Sofaly," or "el Akaba," or +"el Aksa,") where the same ceremony was repeated. In throwing the stones, +they are to exclaim, "In the name of God; God is great (we do this) to +secure ourselves from the devil and his troops." The stones used for +this purpose are to be of the size of a horse-bean, or thereabouts; and +the pilgrims are advised to collect them in the plain of Mezdelfe, but +they may likewise take them from Muna; and many people, contrary to the +law, collect those that have already been thrown.--_Burckhardt's +Travels_. + + * * * * * + + + +THE GATHERER. + + A snapper up of unconsidered trifles. + +SHAKSPEARE. + + * * * * * + + +THE COACHMAN. + + +The moment he has got his seat and made his start, you are struck at once +with the perfect mastership of his art. The hand just over his left +thigh, the arm without constraint, steady, and with a holding command +that keeps his horses like clock-work; yet to a superficial observer +quite with loose reins; so firm and compact he is, that you seldom +observe any shifting, only to take a shorter purchase for a run down +hill; his right hand and whip are beautifully in unison; the crop, if not +in a direct line with the box, over the near wheel, raised gracefully up +as it were to reward the near side horse; the thong--the thong after +three twists, which appears in his hand to have been placed by the maker +never to be altered or improved ...... and if the off-side horse becomes +slack, to see the turn of his arm to reduce a twist, or to reverse, if +necessary, is exquisite: after being _placed under the rib_, or upon the +shoulder point, up comes the arm, and with it the thong returns to the +elegant position upon the crop! I say elegant! the stick, highly polished +yew--rather light--not too taper--yet elastic; a thong in clean order, +pliable. All done without effort--merely a turn of the wrist! + + * * * * * + +At twelve o'clock at noon, on the day before Easter, the resurrection +service begins at the Quirinal Chapel at Rome; when a curtain is drawn +back, which conceals a picture of our Lord: bells ring, drums are beaten, +guns are fired, and joy succeeds to mourning. + + * * * * * + +ACROSTIC ON "THE MIRROR." + + MIRROR! methinks your name indeed is true + In every other point, except that you, + Resplendent with the wisdom of mankind, + Reflect not to the _sight_, but to the _mind_. + Oh! may success then to your pains accrue, + Rewarding all your merit with its due. + +D. + + * * * * * + +LOVE. + + Love reigns the lord of every mortal heart; + He wounds the beggar, wounds the king, + And is the fairest, falsest thing, + That e'er excited joy, or bade a bosom smart. + Light as the wind, rough as the wave, + He's both a tyrant and a slave; + A fire that freezes, and a frost that's hot, + A bitter sweet, a luscious sour, + Wretched is he who knows his pow'r, + But far more wretched still is he who knows it not. + + * * * * * + +TRUTH, A FABLE. + +At the gates of Sorbonne, Truth one day showed her face. The syndic met +her. "What," said he, "do you want?" "Alas! hospitality." "Your name?" +"My name is Truth." "Flee," said he, in anger, "flee, or I seek vengeance +on your profaneness." "You chase me away," answered Truth; "but I live in +hope to have my turn, being the spoiled child of Time, and gaining every +thing by the means of my father." + + * * * * * + +The initial letters of the Latin names of the kings of Bonaparte's family +form the Latin word _Nihil_, (nothing;) and this used to be called the +genealogical acrostic: + + L udovicus. + I osephus. + H ieronymus. + I oachim. + N apoleo. + +T.B. + + * * * * * + +THE SUBTERFUGE. + + "I vow, my dear Strephon," said Chloe one day, + While Damon lay hid in the bower, + "Yon sun that now gazes shall see a kiss given + To no one but thee from this hour." + + Now Strephon is gone--and with mournful eye + Poor Damon upbraided the fair. + "Hush! blockhead," said Chloe, "the sun's now on high, + But d'ye think it will always be there?" + + * * * * * + +Lately published, with a Frontispiece, and thirty other Engravings, price +5s. + +THE ARCANA OF SCIENCE, AND ANNUAL REGISTER OF THE USEFUL ARTS, FOR 1829. + +"This is a valuable register of the progress of science and arts during +the past year. Engravings and a low price qualify it for extensive +utility."--_Literary Gazette, March_ 21. + +"An agreeable and useful little volume."--_Athenæum, Feb_. 18. + + * * * * * + +Printed and Published by J. LIMBIRD, 143, Strand, (near Somerset House,) +London; sold by ERNEST FLEISCHER, 626, New Market, Leipsic; and by all +Newsmen and Booksellers. + + + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, +and Instruction, No. 366, by Various + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MIRROR OF LITERATURE *** + +***** This file should be named 12899-8.txt or 12899-8.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/1/2/8/9/12899/ + +Produced by Jonathan Ingram and PG Distributed Proofreaders + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and Instruction, No. 366 + Vol. XIII, No. 366., Saturday, April 18, 1829 + +Author: Various + +Release Date: July 12, 2004 [EBook #12899] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MIRROR OF LITERATURE *** + + + + +Produced by Jonathan Ingram and PG Distributed Proofreaders + + + + + +</pre> + + <hr class="full" /> + +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page257" id="page257"></a>[pg 257]</span> + + <h1>THE MIRROR<br /> + OF<br /> + LITERATURE, AMUSEMENT, AND INSTRUCTION.</h1> + <hr class="full" /> + + <table width="100%" summary="Volume, Number, and Date"> + <tr> + <td align="left"><b>Vol. XIII, No. 366.</b></td> + <td align="center"><b>SATURDAY, APRIL 18, 1829.</b></td> + <td align="right"><b>[PRICE 2d.</b></td> + </tr> + </table> + <hr class="full" /> + + + +<h2>HARROW SCHOOL.</h2> + + +<div class="figure" style="width:100%;"><a href="images/366-1.png"><img width="100%" src="images/366-1.png" alt="HARROW SCHOOL." /></a> HARROW SCHOOL.</div> + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p class="i2">To lofty HARROW now.—THOMSON.</p> + </div> </div> + + +<p>Harrow-on-the-hill was a place of some consideration, even before the +foundation of the scholastic establishment which now forms its principal +boast. The Archbishops of Canterbury had an occasional residence here, in +the centuries briefly succeeding the Norman Conquest; and they obtained +for the inhabitants a weekly market, long since fallen into disuse.</p> + +<p>The <i>Free Grammar School</i> of Harrow, which now ranks amongst the eight +great schools of England,<a id="footnotetag1" name="footnotetag1"></a><a href="#footnote1"><sup>1</sup></a> like most foundations of a similar nature, +proceeded from a small beginning. In the 14th year of Elizabeth, John +Lyon, a wealthy yeoman, of Preston, in this parish, procured letters +patent, and special license from the crown, for the foundation of the +school, to which for many years, he only contributed the sum of 30 marks +annually; but in the year 1590, he developed his full intentions, +provided for their observance, and drew up a code of regulations for the +foundation. Among these provisions the following are curiously +characteristic of the times:—The founder expresses his intention to +build "meete and convenient Roomes for the said Schoole Mr and Usher to +inhabite and dwell in; as also a large and convenient Schoole House, with +a chimney in it. And, alsoe, a cellar under the said Roomes and Schoole +House, to lay in wood and coales;" the master's salary he fixes at £26. +13<i>s</i>. 4<i>d</i>. per annum, besides £3. 6<i>s</i>. 8<i>d</i>. on the 1st of May, +towards his provision of fuel; the usher's at £13. 6<i>s</i>. 8<i>d</i>. with £3. +6<i>s</i>. 8<i>d</i>. for fuel. The founder declares his desire that the School +shall consist of a "meete and convenient number of schollers, as well of +poor, to be taught freely," (which privilege he confines to the children +of the inhabitants of Harrow;) "as of others, to be received for ye +further profitt and commoditie of the schoole-master." The regulations +provide for the government of the school with curious minuteness, and +describe the number of forms; the books <span class="pagenum"><a name="page258" id="page258"></a>[pg 258]</span> and exercises allotted to +each; the mode of correction; the hours of attendance; and the vacations +and play days. They extend even to the amusements of the scholars, which +are confined to "driving a top, tossing a hand-ball, running and +shooting." For the purpose of this latter exercise, all parents are +required to furnish their children with "bowstrings shafts, and +bresters." In consequence of this regulation it was usual to hold an +annual exhibition of Archery, on August 4, when the scholars contended +for a silver arrow.<a id="footnotetag2" name="footnotetag2"></a><a href="#footnote2"><sup>2</sup></a> Within the last fifty years this custom has been +abolished and in its room has been substituted the delivery of annual +orations before the assembled Governors.</p> + +<p>Such was the establishment of this celebrated seminary; and in the humble +character of a parochial Free School it long remained, unknown except in +its own immediate neighbourhood. The buildings appertaining to the School +are not of an ornamental character. The original School-house represented +in our engraving, has undergone no external alteration except the +necessary repairs. It is a building of red brick having on the top a +lion, the rebus of the founder's name. In the original arrangement of the +interior, the lower portions only were used as school-rooms; the middle +floor formed the residence of the master and usher, then the only +teachers; whilst the upper story consisted of writing schools. The whole +of the building is now appropriated to the exercises of the school, the +pupils studying their lessons at the houses of their tutors, and +assembling here for the purpose of examination.</p> + +<p>Harrow is consecrated ground; and we could easily select a long list of +illustrious men educated within its walls. The first classical mention of +Harrow as a school, is by William Baxter the learned author of the +Glossary, and editor of several of the classics, who was educated here. +Dr. Bennet, Bishop of Cloyne; Sir William Jones; Dr. Parr, who was born +at Harrow; Rt. Hon. R.B. Sheridan; Mr. Perceval, and Lord Byron—shine +forth in this list. Earl Spencer; the Marquess of Hastings; the Earl of +Aberdeen; and Mr. Peel were likewise educated here.</p> + +<p>The greatest number of scholars who have been at any one time at Harrow, +was in the year 1804, when the number of students amounted to 353. The +present master is the Rev. Dr. Butler.</p> + +<hr /> + + + +<h3>DR. JOHNSON'S RESIDENCE, IN BOLT COURT.</h3> + +<h4><i>(For the Mirror)</i></h4> + + +<p>It perhaps is not generally known, that the residence of the great +"leviathan of literature," situate in Bolt-court, Fleet-street, was +consumed by the fire which destroyed Messrs. Bensley's premises a few +years ago; and that there are now no ostensible traces of the doctor's +city retreat, save the site. The only vestige of the house is a piece of +grotesquely carved wood, which ornamented the centre of the doorway, and +which is now in possession of a gentleman in the neighbourhood. Part of +the new printing-office, belonging to Messrs. Mills and Co., occupies a +portion of the site, and the remainder forms a receptacle for coals. As +if learning loved to linger amidst the forsaken haunts of departed +genius, the place is still the scene of those efforts in propagating +knowledge, without which it would be a sealed book. When looking upon the +scene which has been consecrated by the presence and labours, the joys +and sorrows, of such a man, how interesting are our reflections, marred +as they may be by mournful impressions of "the mutability of human +affairs." We feel a romantic regret that the genius of Johnson could not +bestow an imperishability upon the spot; and preserve it from the +casualties and decay of fire, and storm, and time. Here the unfortunate +Savage has held his intellectual "<i>noctes</i>" and enlivened the old +moralist with his mad philosophy. It was from this mansion that "the +Bastard" roused the doctor on the memorable night (or morn) when they set +out on one of those frolicsome perambulations, which genius, in its +weakness and misgivings, sometimes indulges, and which was worthy of the +days of modern Corinthianism. We can imagine the sleepy, solemn face of +Johnson, the meagre phiz of Savage, and the more rotund features of +Boswell, around the board, and the doctor's beloved tea-kettle singing +its harmonious and solacing solo on the blazing "ingle." Inspecting more +minutely the features of the visionary picture, we might behold the +oracle of learning when about to deliver his opinion, perhaps, on the +artificial fire of Gray, or the feeling and simplicity of Goldsmith: his +opening eyes and unclosing lips; the "harsh thunder" of his articulation, +and the horrisonous stamp of his ample foot, impress us with the same +reverence which was felt by his literary visitants. It was here, +doubtless, where the Herculean task of compiling his dictionary was +achieved; the monotony of which was relieved by writing the +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page259" id="page259"></a>[pg 259]</span> +periodical papers of his Guardian, and the more flowery composition of +poetry and biography. But he is gone, and though the mist of years may +obscure his personal history, and vicissitudes annihilate his household +memorials, yet his morality and piety, his unparalleled labour and +patient endurance, but chief of all, his brilliant and versatile genius, +will perish but with the annals of humanity. His fame</p> + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p class="i2">"From sire to son shall speed; from clime to clime,</p> +<p class="i2">Outstripping death upon the wings of time!"</p> + </div> </div> + +<p>** H.</p> + +<hr /> + + +<h3>COMMON RIGHTS.</h3> + +<h4><i>(To the Editor of the Mirror.)</i></h4> + + +<p>As the columns of your MIRROR are a treasury of instruction, perhaps it +may not be thought amiss, or unworthy its pages, to record the advances +of science in the land we live in. I have long since heard of our +American brethren possessing the wonderful art of "launching" as the term +is, their habitations; but I was not aware that my friends on this side +the water had arrived at such a height on the hill of invention, until a +few weeks back, when travelling in the western part of Dorsetshire, +through the small village of <i>Pulham</i>, in that county; a neat, +comfortable-looking cottage was pointed out for my observation, and which +I was assured by many creditable persons, who had witnessed the +performance, was, in the year 1826, chimneys, windows, and altogether, +removed, without sustaining any injury, the distance of nearly two miles. +The power employed was that of ten horses. The spot where it was intended +originally to stand, was pointed out to me, being a piece of waste land +called <i>Lydlinch Common</i>. I inquired what motive could have induced the +proprietor to coach it off in such a novel manner, and the following +account I received "under the rose."</p> + +<p>The brother of the person whose ingenuity has thus exerted itself, +possessed a small property bordering on the aforesaid common. But to +understand my story, you must know that the peasantry of the west of +England, imbibe a notion, whether erroneous or not, I am not learned +enough to say, that if a person builds on waste lands, and is permitted +to proceed uninterrupted by the Lord of the Manor, or any other person, +until he has roofed and occupied it, or as they express it "made a smoke +in it" that the builder has an indisputable right to it. Now the man +willing to act on this principle, set his wits to work and constructed a +house on his brother's property beforementioned, on a movable foundation, +such as I am unable to describe; and when completed, he, in the course of +one night launched it over the hedge fairly into the common, and the next +morning found him busily employed in making the smoke that was, according +to village laws, to establish him in his newly acquired habitation; and +no doubt he would have continued quietly in the same place to this day, +had not a neighbouring 'squire took it into his head to teach this +commentator on the law, another version of its intricacies, and finally +caused him to set his house a-going once more, which it did in the manner +aforesaid, to a bit of land to which he had a more legal right, and where +it now stands.</p> + +<p>Wonderful as this relation may seem, its truth may be relied on, and any +reader of the MIRROR, travelling, or having friends in that part of the +country, may easily ascertain the truth of my statement. The house at +present stands near the highway leading from Sturminster to Sherborne, +about five or six miles from the former, and six or seven from the +latter.</p> + +<p>RURIS.</p> + +<p><i>Blandford, April 9, 1829.</i></p> + +<hr /> + + +<h3>ORIGIN OF SIGNS.—CAT AND THE FIDDLE.</h3> + +<h4><i>(To the Editor of the Mirror.)</i></h4> + + +<p>No part of the history of civilized nations is involved in such deep +obscurity as the origin and progress of their names. I do not mean their +names of men and women, the etymology of which are easy; for any stupid +fellow can see with half an eye that Xisuthrus and Noah are one and the +same person; and that Thoth can only be Hermes; nor is there any +discernable difference between Pelagius and Morgan; <i>tout celà va sans se +dire</i>, but when we come to account for the names of places or of signs, +then indeed are we lost in a vast field of metaphysical disquisition and +conjectural criticism. The <i>Spectator</i>, your worthy predecessor, threw +much light upon the science, but still he left it in its infancy. To be +sure, he traced the Bull and Mouth to the Boulogne Mouth, but I don't +remember that he made many other discoveries in this <i>terrâ incognitâ</i>. +However, he hinted that the roots of most of these old saws were to be +found in the French language, or rather in the jargon spoken by the +would-be-fine people, in imitation of the court, and by them called +French. Neither the <i>Spectator</i>, however, nor any of his periodical +imitators have ever found <span class="pagenum"><a name="page260" id="page260"></a>[pg 260]</span> out why a certain headland, bare as the +back of my hand, should be dignified with the appellation of Beechey +Head; unless indeed, according to the Eton grammar, our ancestors used +the rule of <i>lucus a non lucendo</i>. The reason, however, is to be found in +the French language, and Beechey Head is the present guide of the old +<i>beau chef</i>, whereby this point was once known. The <i>Spectator</i> also, if +I remember right, declared the old sign of the <i>Cat and the Fiddle</i> to be +quite beyond his comprehension. In truth, no two objects in the world +have less to do with each other than a cat and a violin, and the only +explanation ever given of this wonderful union, appears to be, that once +upon a time, a gentleman kept a house with the sign of a Cat, and a lady +one, with the sign of a Fiddle, or <i>vice versâ</i>. That these two persons +fell in love, married, and set up an Inn, which to commemorate their +early loves, they called the Cat and the Fiddle. Such reasoning is +exceedingly poetical, and also (mind, <i>also</i>, not <i>therefore</i>) +exceedingly nonsensical. No, Sir, the Cat and the Fiddle is of greater +antiquity. Did you ever read the History of Rome? Of Rome! yes, of Rome. +Thence comes the Cat and the Fiddle, in somewhat a roundabout way +perhaps, but so it is:</p> + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p class="i2">Vixtrix causa Diis placuit, sed victa Catoni.</p> + </div> </div> + +<p>Cato was faithful to the sacred cause of liberty, and disdained to +survive it; and now for the fiddle. In the days of good Queen Bess, when +those who had borne the iron yoke of Mary, ventured forth and gloried in +that freedom of conscience which had lately been denied them, a jolly +innkeeper having lately cast off the shackles of the old religion, +likened himself to the old Roman, and wrote over his door <i>l'Hostelle du +Caton fidelle</i>. The hostelle and its sign lasted longer than the worthy +gentleman, and having gone shockingly to decay, was many years after +re-established. But alas! the numerous French words once mixed with our +language had vanished, barbarized, and ground down into a heterogeneous +mass of sounds; and <i>le Caton fidelle</i> was no longer known to his best +friends when resuscitated under the anomalous title of the Cat and +Fiddle!!</p> + +<p>XX.</p> + +<hr /> + + +<h3>THE BLIND GIRL.</h3> + +<h4><i>(For the Mirror.)</i></h4> + + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p class="i2">As fair a thing as e'er was form'd of clay.</p> + </div> </div> + +<p>BYRON.</p> + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p class="i2">Sweet wanderer—we have known her long!</p> +<p class="i4">And often on our ear,</p> +<p class="i2">Has gush'd the cadence of her song,</p> +<p class="i4">As if some stream were near.</p> +<p class="i2">Her path was through our tranquil dell,</p> +<p class="i2">When breezes kiss'd the curfew bell.</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p class="i2">We gaz'd upon the golden hair,</p> +<p class="i4">That o'er her white brow shone,</p> +<p class="i2">And beauty's tinge had cluster'd there,</p> +<p class="i4">A grace unlike its own.</p> +<p class="i2">We call'd it beautiful—that brow!</p> +<p class="i2">But rayless were the eyes below.</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p class="i2">Those pale dim eyes, we would have given</p> +<p class="i4">Our flowers to see them glow—</p> +<p class="i2">They slept, as sleeps the summer heaven,</p> +<p class="i4">When the sun waxeth low:</p> +<p class="i2">And soft her glossy lashes were,</p> +<p class="i2">As stars within the crystal air.</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p class="i2">Oh, call her not a phantom form,</p> +<p class="i4">Of deep sepulchral spells;</p> +<p class="i2">Her maiden lips with life are warm,</p> +<p class="i4">And thought within her dwells—</p> +<p class="i2">Thought, holy as the light that lies</p> +<p class="i2">In the rapt martyr's lifted eyes.</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p class="i2">Her home—'tis far away from her,</p> +<p class="i4">Its quiet porch is lone,</p> +<p class="i2">And the sunny wind no more shall stir</p> +<p class="i4">Its streamlet's silver tone.</p> +<p class="i2">The zephyrs there, their incense wreathe,</p> +<p class="i2">But, o'er her hair they shall not breathe.</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p class="i2">Her sire reposeth in the wave,</p> +<p class="i4">Beneath an Indian sky;</p> +<p class="i2">The violets fringe her mother's grave,</p> +<p class="i4">And there, her sisters lie!</p> +<p class="i2">And we will waft to heaven our prayers,</p> +<p class="i2">When her pure dust is mix'd with theirs.</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p class="i2"><i>Deal</i>. REGINALD AUGUSTINE.</p> + </div> </div> + +<hr /> + + +<h3>WINE.</h3> + +<h4><i>(For the Mirror.)</i></h4> + + +<p>Sir,—I am induced to send you the following, in consequence of reading +an article upon <i>wine</i> in No. 352, page 45 of your interesting work.</p> + +<p>The article appears to have been written with a view of inducing a more +frequent use of that wholesome and invigorating beverage by adducing a +host of respectable names of antiquity. But I am somewhat inclined to +believe, that notwithstanding the classic lore and learned style in which +the article appears, that many there are, whose adverse temper, and whom +the present "march of intellect" has so far rendered callous to +<i>authoritative</i> conviction, that they still remain sceptics of the +extraordinary good qualities and virtues, which the ancients believed +this beverage to contain; only because they have thought fit to adhere to +the common adage, that no opinion ought to be received upon men's +authority, without a sufficient reason assigned for its correctness. It +is with this view of the subject then, that I venture to make the few +following observations. In the first place, we will briefly consider the +nature and chemical properties of wines, <span class="pagenum"><a name="page261" id="page261"></a>[pg 261]</span> and then their tendency +and action upon the constitution.</p> + +<p>The characteristic ingredient of all wines is alcohol, the proportion and +quality of which, and the state and combination in which it exists, +constitute the essential properties of the numerous kinds of wines. The +colour of the red wines is produced from the husk of the grape, they +being used during fermentation; on the contrary, the colourless wines are +those where the husk of the grape is not used during the process of +fermentation. The colouring matter produced from the husks is highly +astringent, consequently the red and white wines are very different in +their qualities, and very different in their effect on the stomach.</p> + +<p>All wines contain more or less acid; for British wines are considered +less salubrious than those of foreign, from their having an excess of +malic acid, which our fruits contain. The foreign wines are reckoned +superior in quality, in consequence of their containing an excess of +tartaric acid, their fruit containing a greater portion of this acid than +does ours. Wines during fermentation, if improperly managed, will produce +<i>acetic acid</i>, which will greatly deteriorate their quality.</p> + +<p>Various have been the opinions of eminent men on the effects of wine upon +the constitution. It would be needless to enter into a detailed account +of all those who have written for or against its utility; the following, +from a modern eminent writer <i>against</i> the use of wines will suffice, and +serve to show that the opponents to wine-drinking have at least some +reason on their side. Mr. Beddoes, states, in his "Hygeia," vol. ii, p. +35, that an ingenious surgeon tried the following experiment:—He gave +two of his children for a week alternately after dinner, to the one a +full glass of sherry, and to the other a large China orange; the effects +that followed were sufficient to prove the <i>injurious tendency</i> of vinous +liquors. In the one the pulse was quickened, the heat increased; whilst +the other had every appearance that indicated high health; the same +effect followed when the experiment was reversed. This certainly is a +formidable objection, but let us before drawing a final conclusion, +examine the opposite arguments.</p> + +<p>Wines, and, indeed, all fermented liquors have an antiseptic quality. +They act in direct opposition to putrefaction, and in proportion to the +quantity of alcohol which they contain, so will be their value and +beneficial tendency. Now the circulating fluids of our system have a +continual tendency to putrefaction; and the food we take, both animal +and vegetable, tends to produce this effect; if, therefore, something of +an antiseptic nature, or of a nature in direct opposition to this +principle be not received, the fluids would ultimately become a mass of +corruption, with the extinction of life. If we meet with an individual +whose habits are abstemious, as regards the drinking of wines or +fermented liquors, we generally discover him to have a great predilection +for that valuable commodity <i>salt</i>, which article being in its nature +antiseptic, answers the same purpose as wine. Therefore, the labouring +man, whose narrow circumstances prohibit him from the advantage of a +daily use of wine, by taking with his food a sufficient quantity of salt, +and his apportioned quantity of malt liquor, retains his vigour and +strength of body equally with those whose more ample means render them +capable of acquiring the necessary quantity of wine daily. Doctor Barry +mentions an experiment made on a soldier, who was hired to live entirely +for some days on wild fowl,<a id="footnotetag3" name="footnotetag3"></a><a href="#footnote3"><sup>3</sup></a> with water only to drink; he received in +the beginning his reward and diet with great cheerfulness, but this was +soon succeeded by nausea, thirst, and disposition to putrid dysentery, +which was with some difficulty prevented from making further progress, by +the physician who made the experiment. Again, he remarks, "I knew a +person who, by the advice of his physician abstained for some years +entirely from <i>salt</i>, drank chiefly <i>water</i>, and used freely an animal +diet, and by that means acquired a violent scurvy; he was, after some +time, relieved by a strict regimen of diet and medicine, and as he +afterwards used salt and vegetables with animal food, and drank wine more +freely, never had a return of the disorder." It is therefore evident, +that a <i>moderate</i> use of wine tends to promote health, and keeps off the +numerous train of disorders, to which the constitution of man is subject, +thereby lessening the evils incidental to human nature. We can then +exclaim with Virgil of wine,</p> + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p class="i2">"Deus ille malis hominum mitescere discat."</p> + </div> </div> + +<p>S.S.T.</p> + + +<hr class="full" /> + + + +<h2>THE SKETCH-BOOK.</h2> + +<hr /> + + + +<h3>MY FIRST LOVE.</h3> + +<h4><i>(For the Mirror.)</i></h4> + + + +<p>She was amiable, accomplished, fascinating, beautiful; yet her's were +beauties <span class="pagenum"><a name="page262" id="page262"></a>[pg 262]</span> which description cannot heighten; fascinations which +language were vain to embellish. There was soul in her deep hazel eye as +its flashes broke through their long, dark, encircling fringe; her jetty +locks waved harmoniously, contrasting with the virgin snow of the +forehead they wreathed in glossy luxuriance, the unclouded smile played +on her lip like the zephyr over a bed of gossamer, or a sunbeam on the +cheek of Aurora.</p> + +<p>Scarce eleven summers had passed over my head when I first saw Annette. +She was by about three years my elder. Young, though I was, I was not +insensible; she rivetted my gaze, I felt an emotion I could not +comprehend—cannot describe—as it were love in the germ just beginning +to expand, waiting but for the genial warmth of a few summer suns to +nourish and bring it to maturity. We parted, still her image pursued me, +the recollection was sweet, and I loved to cherish it.</p> + +<p>Four years had elapsed; we again met. My soul thrilled with delight in +beholding, in contemplating, her perfections! How was that delight +increased when I saw her countenance shed its loveliest smiles, her eye +pour its heavenliest beams—on <i>me</i>—happy presumption—I loved. <i>We</i> +loved; but words spoke not our love. No, each read it in the burning +glances that were reciprocated—in the spirit-breathing sighs that would +ever and anon steal forth—spite of suppression. Let me shorten the tale +of rapture. She was mine; Annette was mine—mine undividedly. SHE IS MINE +NO LONGER. Ask not the cause. I was infuriated, befooled, infatuated; my +own "hands threw the pearl away;" my own lips gave, sealed the sentence, +that robbed me for ever, ay, for ever, of a heart—a treasure, it had +been heaven to possess. SHE IS MINE NO LONGER—yet a pleasure it is, a +melancholy pleasure, how I love it, to recall those moments of refined, +of voluptuous enjoyment, my sole remaining happiness, that they <i>were</i>, +my bitterest pang, that they <i>are not</i>—moments, when amid the busy +circle—scarce could the eagle glance of surrounding observation control +the bursting emotions of the soul, or, oh, more blest—moments of +solitude—where those motions broke forth, unobserved, unrestrained. SHE +IS MINE NO LONGER. Yet Annette sleeps not in the sombre grave. A blast, +not of death, but more dire, hath scattered those hopes, too +unsubstantially fond to be realized: a chill not of the grave, but more +piercing, hath nipped those blossoms of happiness, too ethereally +delicate for earth. Still Annette lives, beautiful as ever, enchanting +as ever, lives, but for another. Stay, let me recall that word, I wrong +her; it must not, cannot be; her <i>heart</i> is not, never shall be his; with +mine it hath lost its <i>one</i> resting place, and like the dove, seeks not +another. Cruel fate, but I have ceased to repine—ceased to regret.</p> + +<p>IOTA.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + + +<h2>Select Biography.</h2> + +<hr /> + + +<h3>MEMOIR OF BOLIVAR.</h3> + +<h4><i>(Concluded from page 213.)</i></h4> + + +<p>Early in 1818, the supreme chief, after concentrating his forces, marched +rapidly to Calabozo, and arrived before Morillo was aware that he had +quitted Angostura. The Spanish general effected his retreat to Aragua. +The supreme chief came up with him at La Usirrael, but could make but a +slight impression on the enemy, on account of the strength of his +position. Another rencontre occurred at Sombrero. Morillo retired to +Valencia; and Bolivar took possession of the valleys of Aragua. Thence he +detached a strong division to take San Fernando de Apure, in order to +complete the conquest of the Llanos. Upon this the Spaniards advanced. +The two armies met at Semen. Morillo was wounded, and the royalist army +put to flight. The pursuit being indiscreetly conducted by the patriots, +and a fresh royalist division arriving to support Morillo, the fortune of +the day was changed. Each party was alternately defeated, and both +rallied their dispersed corps to reengage at Ortiz.</p> + +<p>The division which succeeded in capturing San Fernando had an indecisive +affair at Cojedes. Others of the same character took place at El Rincon +del Toro, and other places. At the close of this campaign, the Spaniards +held Aragua, and the patriots San Fernando. Thus the former possessed the +most fertile provinces of Venezuela, and all New Granada; while the +latter were reduced to the Llanos and Guayana. Arms were sent to General +Santander, who was endeavouring to raise a division in Casanare.</p> + +<p>In 1819, the various corps united in San Fernando, where the supreme +chief devoted his labours to the regulation of civil affairs. He invited +the provinces to send deputies to Angostura, to form a general congress, +and then delegated his powers to a council of government to act in his +absence.</p> + +<p>With four or five thousand men, the supreme chief opened the campaign +against Morillo, who had six or seven thousand. Twelve hundred British +troops arrived at <span class="pagenum"><a name="page263" id="page263"></a>[pg 263]</span> +Margarita from England. They had been +engaged in London by Colonel English, and were equipped and sent out by +Messrs. Herring and Richardson; besides these, eight hundred others also +arrived at Angostura. The latter were engaged by Captain Elsom, and sent +out by Messrs. Hurry, Powles, and Hurry; the greater part were disbanded +soldiers from the British army, reduced on the return of the troops from +France.<a id="footnotetag4" name="footnotetag4"></a><a href="#footnote4"><sup>4</sup></a> These volunteers were equipped in the most efficient manner. +With these expeditions large supplies of spare arms were sent to assist +the cause of independence. Bolivar, in his speech to congress, thus +expresses himself on this subject:—</p> + +<p>"For these important advantages we are indebted to the unbounded +liberality of some generous foreigners, who, hearing the groans of +suffering humanity, and seeing the cause of freedom, reason, and justice +ready to sink, would not remain quiet, but flew to our succour with their +munificent aid and protection, and furnished the republic with every +thing needful to cause their philanthropical principles to flourish. +Those friends of mankind are the guardian geniuses of America, and to +them we owe a debt of eternal gratitude, as well as a religious +fulfilment of the several obligations contracted with them."</p> + +<p>Bolivar, leaving the army in command of General Paez, repaired to +Angostura. As Morillo advanced, Paez, agreeable to orders, retired +towards the Orinoco, detaching a few guerillas to harass the Spaniards in +the rear.</p> + +<p>General Urdaneta was appointed to command the recently arrived British +legion in Margarita, which was to act on the side of Caracas, in order to +draw off the attention of Morillo from the Llanos.</p> + +<p>On the 15th of February, 1819, congress was installed at Angostura. The +supreme chief pronounced an eloquent discourse, and resigned his +authority. Congress immediately, and unanimously, elected him president +of the republic.</p> + +<p>Early in March, the president rejoined the army, which was very much +reduced by sickness. On the 27th, he defeated the vanguard of the +Spaniards. Adopting a desultory system of warfare, he obliged them to +recross the Apure, having lost half their original numbers.</p> + +<p>While Morillo remained in winter quarters, the president traversed the +vast plains of the Apure and Casanare, which are rendered almost +impassable by inundations from the month of May to the end of August. In +Casanare, the president formed a junction with the division of Santander, +two thousand strong. Santander had, from the commencement of the +revolution, dedicated himself with enthusiastic constancy to the cause of +his country. He now expelled the Spaniards from their formidable position +of Paya, and opened the way for the president to cross the terrific +Andes, in effecting which, nearly a fourth of his army perished from the +effects of cold and excessive fatigue.</p> + +<p>On the 11th of July, the president attacked the royal army at Gamarra. +After a long engagement, the Spanish general Barrero retired, and did not +again offer battle, except in positions almost inaccessible. Bonza was +invested by the patriots for some days in sight of both armies. The +president, by a flank movement, brought the Spaniards to action on the +25th of July, at Bargas. The Spaniards, though superior in numbers, and +advantageously posted, gave way, and the president obtained a complete +victory. His inferior forces, however, and the nature of the country, did +not allow him to make the most of this glorious success; but he obtained +a thousand recruits, and marched to interpose between the defeated +Barrero and the viceroy Samano, who, with all the disposable force south +of Bogotá, was about to support Barrero. The result of the president's +daring and masterly movement was the battle of Boyaca, fought on the 7th +of August, and which has been called the <i>birth of Colombia</i>. In this +battle, the English troops, under the command of Major Mackintosh, +greatly distinguished themselves. The gallant major was promoted by the +liberator on the field. In three days afterwards the president entered +Bogotá in triumph, and, within a short period, eleven provinces of New +Granada announced their adhesion to the cause of independence.</p> + +<p>Bolivar repaired to Angostura, where he once more resigned his authority +to the representatives of the people, and laid on their floor the +trophies of the last campaign. On the 25th of December, 1819, congress, +at the suggestion of the president, decreed that thenceforth Venezuela +and New Granada should form one republic, under the denomination of +COLOMBIA. At the same time it conferred upon Bolivar the title of +LIBERATOR OF COLOMBIA, and re-elected him president of the republic.</p> + +<p>In March, 1820, he arrived at Bogotá, and occupied himself until August +in the <span class="pagenum"><a name="page264" id="page264"></a>[pg 264]</span> organization of the army cantoned at various points between +Cucuta and San Fernando de Apure.</p> + +<p>The Spanish revolution, which originated in the Isla de Leon, inspired +the South Americans with new hopes. These were raised still higher by the +solicitude of Morillo to negotiate an armistice; but Bolivar, refusing to +treat upon any other basis than that of independence, marched to the +department of the Magdalena, reviewed the besieging force before +Carthagena, and reinforced the division of the south, destined to act +against Popayan and Quito. The president drove the Spaniards from the +provinces of Merida and Truxillo, and established his winter headquarters +at the latter town. On the 26th of November, the president concluded an +armistice of six months with Morillo, who engaged that, on the renewal of +hostilities, the war should be carried on, conformably to the practice of +civilized nations.</p> + +<p>In the beginning of the year 1821, the liberator went to Bogotá, to +attend to the affairs of the south; when hearing of the arrival at +Caracas of Spanish commissioners to treat for peace, he returned to +Truxillo; but no terms were then agreed upon. In the meanwhile, the +province of Maracaybo shook off the Spanish yoke. Morillo having departed +for Europe, General La Torre, a brave and very superior man, succeeded to +the command of the royal army, and made strong remonstrances against the +movement in the province of Maracaybo, which he deemed an infraction of +the armistice, and hostilities in consequence recommenced. The liberator +concentrated his forces in Varinas; he detached a division to the coast +under General Urdaneta, and another to the east, under General Bermudez, +to divide the attention of the enemy, and marched himself against +Caracas. On the 24th of June, the liberator attacked and defeated the +Spaniards, who had taken up a strong position at Carabobo. The numbers on +both sides were nearly equal. This battle decided the fate of Colombia. +The victorious liberator entered Caracas on the 29th. On the 2nd of July, +La Guayra also surrendered to him.</p> + +<p>Leaving a besieging division before Puerto Cabello, the liberator went to +Cucuta, where he resigned once more the office of president of the +republic, which, in admiration of his disinterestedness, instantly +re-elected him.</p> + +<p>When the province of Guayaquil declared itself independent, it solicited +the assistance of Bolivar against the Spaniards in Quito. A small +division was accordingly sent there.</p> + +<p>The liberator, having signed the constitution sanctioned by congress, +obtained leave to direct the war in the south. In January, 1822, he put +himself at the head of the army in Popayan, and sent a reinforcement to +General Sucre in Guayaquil.</p> + +<p>In the month of March, the liberator moved against the province of Pasto, +the inhabitants of which country are surpassed in bravery by no people in +the world, but who adhered with blind attachment to the ancient regime. +The liberator, having overcome the obstacles presented by nature in the +valleys of Patia, and the formidable river Guanabamba, arrived in front +of Bombona. The <i>Pastusos</i> (inhabitants of the province of Pasto) had +here taken up a strong position, supported by the Spanish troops. They +were vigorously attacked; but every charge made in front was repulsed. It +was not until the rifle battalion, commanded by the able Colonel Sands, +outflanked the <i>Pastusos</i>, that victory declared for Bolivar; but his +army had suffered so severely, that, instead of immediately following up +the fugitives through a hostile country, it fell back a short distance.</p> + +<p>Whilst these operations were going on, Sucre liberated the provinces of +Loja and Cuenca, and, on the 24th of May, gained the victory of +Pinchincha, which gave independence to Quito. In the same year Carthagena +and Cumaná, surrendered to the liberating forces in Venezuela.</p> + +<p>The liberator entered Quito on the 16th of June. His attention was soon +attracted to the discontents which had arisen at Guayaquil, where the +Colombians had become unpopular. His excellency proceeded to that town, +and, under his auspices, the provisional government annexed the province +to Colombia.</p> + +<p>One of the results of the interview which took place between the +protector of Peru and the liberator of Colombia was the sending of an +auxiliary force of two thousand Colombians to Lima; but the junta, which +proceeded to the protectorate, ordered the Colombian troops to return to +Guayaquil. The president Riva Aguero, who succeeded to the junta, applied +for an auxiliary Colombian division of six thousand men, and invited +Bolivar to take the command of all the military forces in Peru. The +Colombian troops were sent to Lima. General Bolivar obtained leave from +the congress at Bogotá to go to Peru—the grand scene of his subsequent +triumphs.</p> + +<p>The person of Bolivar is thin, and somewhat below the middle size. He +dresses in good taste, and has an easy military walk. He is a very bold +rider, and capable of undergoing great fatigue. His <span class="pagenum"><a name="page265" id="page265"></a>[pg 265]</span> manners are good, +and his address unaffected, but not very prepossessing. It is said that, +in his youth, he was rather handsome. His complexion is sallow; his hair, +originally very black, is now mixed with gray. His eyes are dark and +penetrating, but generally downcast, or turned askance, when he speaks; +his nose is well formed, his forehead high and broad, the lower part of +the face is sharp; the expression of the countenance is careworn, +lowering, and sometimes rather fierce. His temper, spoiled by adulation, +is fiery and capricious. His opinions of men and things are variable. He +is rather prone to personal abuse, but makes ample amends to those who +will put up with it. Towards such his resentments are not lasting. He is +a passionate admirer of the fair sex, but jealous to excess. He is fond +of waltzing, and is a very quick, but not a very graceful dancer. His +mind is of the most active description. When not more stirringly +employed, he is always reading, dictating letters, &c., or conversing. +His voice is loud and harsh, but he speaks eloquently on most subjects. +His reading has been principally confined to French authors; hence the +Gallic idioms so common in his productions. He is an <i>impressive</i> writer, +but his style is vitiated by an affectation of grandeur. Speaking so well +as he does, it is not wonderful that he should be more fond of hearing +himself talk than of listening to others, and apt to engross conversation +in the society he receives. He entertains numerously, and no one has more +skilful cooks, or gives better dinners; but he is himself so very +abstemious, in both eating and drinking, that he seldom takes his place +at his own table until the repast is nearly over, having probably dined +in private upon a plain dish or two. He is fond of giving toasts, which +he always prefaces in the most eloquent and appropriate manner; and his +enthusiasm is so great, that he frequently mounts his chair, or the +table, to propose them. Although the cigar is almost universally used in +South America, Bolivar never smokes, nor does he permit smoking in his +presence. He is never without proper officers in waiting, and keeps up a +considerable degree of etiquette. Disinterested in the extreme with +regard to pecuniary affairs, he is insatiably covetous of fame. Bolivar +invariably speaks of England, of her institutions, and of her great men, +in terms of admiration. He often dwells with great warmth upon the +constancy, fidelity, and sterling merit of the English officers who have +served in the cause of independence, under every varying event of the +war. A further proof of his predilection towards England is that he has +always had upon his personal staff a number of British subjects.</p> + +<p>—<i>Memoirs of General Miller</i>.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + + +<h2>Fine Arts.</h2> + +<hr /> + + + +<h3>EXHIBITIONS AT THE BAZAAR,</h3> + +<h3><i>Oxford Street</i>.</h3> + +<h3>THE BRITISH DIORAMA.</h3> + + +<p>On Saturday, the 11th, there was a private view of four new pictures, by +Stanfield and Roberts, at this very interesting lounge. They consist of</p> + +<p>1. <i>The City of York, with the Minster on fire</i>—a picturesque view of +the cathedral, with a mimic display of the conflagration, the accuracy of +which will make the property-man of the Opera tremble.</p> + +<p>2. <i>The Temple of Apollinopolis, in Egypt</i>, a magnificent picture of +Egyptian architecture—"noble in decay." The splendid leaved capitals of +the pillars reminded us of the following, which we had that morning read +in the <i>Journal of a Naturalist</i>:—"No portion of creation," says the +author, "has been resorted to by mankind with more success for the +ornament and decoration of their labours, than the vegetable world. The +rites, emblems, and mysteries of religion; national achievements, +eccentric marks, and the capricious visions of fancy, have all been +wrought by the hand of the sculptor, on the temple, the altar, or the +tomb; but plants, their foliage, flowers, or fruits, as the most +graceful, varied, and pleasing objects that meet our view, have been more +universally the object of design, and have supplied the most beautiful, +and perhaps the earliest, embellishments of art. The pomegranate, the +almond, and flowers, were selected even in the wilderness, and by divine +appointment, to give form to the sacred utensils; the rewards of merit, +the wreath of the victor, were arboraceous; in later periods, the +acanthus, the ivy, the lotus, the vine, the palm, and the oak, flourished +under the chisel, or beneath the loom of the artist; and in modern days, +the vegetable world affords the almost exclusive decorations of ingenuity +and art."</p> + +<p>3. <i>Entrance to the Village of Virex, in Italy</i>—a pleasing picture of +what may be termed <i>an architectural village</i>; for some of the dwellings +almost approach to palaces, and others have a conventual character, which +harmonizes with the sublime beauties of nature which rise around them.</p> + +<p>4. <i>Interior of St. Saveur, in Normandy.</i> As an architectural picture we +are not disposed to rate this so highly as the two preceding.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page266" id="page266"></a>[pg 266]</span> +The alternations of light and shade are admirably managed in all of them, +among which a flood of light streaming through one of the cathedral +windows will be much admired. The size of each picture is 70 feet by +50—and the four may be seen for <i>one shilling!</i></p> + +<p>Below stairs, the fine group from Reubens's Descent from the Cross, and +Albert Durer's Carvings of the Life of the Virgin Mary, still continue +open.</p> + +<p>Another exhibition, <i>Trepado, or Cut-Paper Work</i>, to use a vulgar phrase, +"cut out" all the work of the kind we have ever seen. We have a sister +very ingenious in these matters; but her productions, compared with the +cuttings of the Oxford-street Bazaar, are as John Nash with Michael +Angelo. These cuttings are in imitation of Line Engraving, comprising +sixteen pictures, cut with scissars, among which are the Lord's +Supper—Conversion of St. Paul—The Battle of Alexander—A Portrait of +his Majesty George IV., &c. They are almost the counterfeit presentment +of pencil-drawings, such as Varley and Brookman and Langdon could not +excel. Yet these are cut with scissars! A greater exercise of patience, +to say the least of it, we scarcely know. Every one who wishes to cut a +figure in the world ought to learn this art; and certain fair cutters may +by this means spread even stronger meshes than these paper nets. We mean +to see them again, although we have too many <i>cuttings</i> to make for the +gratification of our readers to allow us to enter into the <i>Trepado</i> +study <i>con amore</i>—and so with this recommendation, we <i>cut</i> the subject. +We, however, expect to meet scores of our Easter friends in the Bazaar; +and there is no similar establishment in London where so much may be seen +for so little money.</p> + +<p>The Bazaar has lately been extended for a suite of rooms for the +exhibition of Household Furniture, for sale. There are already several +handsome specimens—many of them fit for the splendid palaces building in +the Regent's Park. If the reader be one of those who "meditate on +muffineers and plan pokers," he will enjoy this part of the Bazaar. In +all the Parisian bazaars, there is an abundance of <i>meubles</i> and you get +accommodated with a newspaper and a chair, as the Street-publishers say, +"for the small charge of one penny:" might it not be so here, or is an +Englishman obliged to read and drink (not think) at the same time?</p> + +<p>The counters of the Bazaar are abundantly stocked with <i>bijouterie</i> and +nic-nacs, the <i>Nouveautes de Paris</i> and Spitalfields—Canton in China, +and Leatherlane in Holborn—toy-carts for children, and fleecy hosiery +for old folks—puffs and pastry, and the last new song—inkstands, +taper-lights, pen-wipers, perfumed sealing-wax, French hair-paper, +curling-wheels—and all the fair ammunition of love and madness. If you +leave your purse at home, or, what is worse, if you have left your money, +you know not where, remember Bishop Berkley, and console yourself with +the reflection that all these things were made for your enjoyment, and +that all around are striving to please you. This will be no trifling +source of pleasure—it will fill your head and fill your heart with +joy—leave the <i>pockets</i> to grosser minds.</p> + +<hr /> + + +<h3>SOCIETY OF BRITISH ARTISTS, SUFFOLK-STREET, PALL-MALL, EAST.</h3> + +<h4><i>By a Correspondent</i>.</h4> + + +<p>The sixth exhibition of this society is now open to the public, and the +display of talent fully equals, or, perhaps, excels, that of former +seasons. The society, since its commencement, has realized twelve +thousand pounds from the sale of the works of British artists, who, thus +stimulated by the disposal of their performances, have exerted their +utmost ability in contributing specimens of their art to the present +exhibition. We can, however, only notice a few of those artists who have +been particularly successful; our limits not allowing us to extend +justice to <i>all</i>.</p> + +<p>The most splendid painting in the gallery is No. 7, <i>The Departure of the +Israelites out of Egypt</i>, by Mr. Roberts. In the performance of this +work, the painter has evidently endeavoured to imitate Martin's +compositions. The picture, viewed at a little distance, is certainly +grand and imposing; on a near inspection, however, we look in vain for +the exquisite finish, and the characteristic expression so universally +admired in Mr. Martin's works. We advise Mr. Roberts, if he pursues this +class of painting, to unite finish with his bold effects—for attention +in this respect will prove the <i>denouement</i> of his pictures. No. 188, +<i>Erle Stoke Park, the seat of G. Watson Taylor, Esq. M.P.</i> by Mr. +Stanfield, is a very delightful picture, being remarkably chaste and +clear in the colouring. No. 404, <i>Mattock High Tor</i>, by Mr. Hotland, and +No. 440, <i>A Party crossing the Alps</i>, by Mr. Egerton, are works of high +merit; as are the performances of Messrs. Wilson, Blake, Glover,<a id="footnotetag5" name="footnotetag5"></a><a href="#footnote5"><sup>5</sup></a> +Knight, Nasmyth, Farrier, Gill, Novice, Stevens, Turner, Holmes, and +Pidding.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page267" id="page267"></a>[pg 267]</span> +The engravings and sculpture are likewise very creditable to the +institution this season. Mr. Quilly has executed an excellent print from +Stanfield's fine picture, <i>The Wreckers</i>, which was exhibited last year +at the British Institution.</p> + +<p>Among the busts in the sculpture-room we notice those of Lord Eldon, Sir +F. Burdett, Sir H. Davy, the late Lord Bishop of Salisbury, &c.</p> + +<p>G.W.N.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + + +<h2>SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS.</h2> + +<hr /> + + +<h4>(<i>Concluded from, page 254</i>.)</h4> + + +<p>"<i>N'importe!</i>" exclaimed Stubbs, gaily; "there are more admirers, in this +world, of the ridiculous than of the true, that let me tell you. But I +must to my studies, for the night approaches. Next Monday—and this is +Thursday—and I am by no means <i>au fait</i> yet in my part. So good +morning—let me see you soon again—and meanwhile adieu! adieu! remember +me!"</p> + +<p>Mr. M'Crab departed; and Mr. Henry Augustus Constantine Stubbs prepared +to go through the soliloquy of "To be—or not to be," before a mirror +which reflected the whole of his person.</p> + +<p>Monday came, and oh! with what a flutter of delight Mr. Stubbs cast his +eyes upon that part of the paper, where the play for the evening was +announced, and where he read, "<i>This evening will be acted the tragedy of +Hamlet: the part of Hamlet by a gentleman, his first appearance on any +stage.</i>"</p> + +<hr /> + +<p>His carriage was at the door—and he told the coachman to drive down —— +street, that he might see in passing along, whether the crowd at the pit +and gallery doors, would obstruct his progress. It was not quite so large +as to stretch across the carriage road; but he was sure there were some +hundreds, though so early, and he thought they must have heard who the +"gentleman" was, that was then rolling by. He would not be positive, too; +but he could almost swear he heard an huzza, as he passed along. There +were above a dozen persons collected round the stage door; and he plainly +perceived that <i>they</i> drew back with respectful admiration, as the new +Hamlet stepped out of his carriage.</p> + +<p>He hastened to his dressing-room, where he found his friend, the manager, +Mr. Peaess, who shook him by the hand, as he informed him that they had +an excellent box-book. Stubbs smiled graciously; and the manager left him +with his dresser, to attire himself in his "customary suit of solemn +black." Mr. Stubbs had kept his intention of stuffing the character a +profound secret, fearful lest any technical objections should be made by +Mr. Peaess, and desirous also of making the first impression in the +green-room. When he entered it, therefore, in the likeness of a chubby +undertaker, ready for a funeral, rather than in that of the "unmatched +form and feature of blown youth"—in short, the very type and image of +poor Tokely in <i>Peter Pastoral</i>,—his eyes and ears were on the alert to +catch the look of surprise, and buzz of admiration, which he very +naturally anticipated. He was a little daunted by a suppressed titter +which ran round the room; but he was utterly confounded when his best and +dearest friend, Mr. Peaess himself, coming up to him exclaimed,—"Why, +zounds! Mr. Stubbs, what have you been doing? By ——, the audience will +never stand this."</p> + +<p>"Stand what?" replied Henry Augustus Constantine Stubbs.</p> + +<p>"What!" echoed the manager; "why this pot-belly, and those cherub +cheeks."</p> + +<p>"Pooh! pooh!" replied Stubbs, "it's Shakspeare's, and I can prove it."</p> + +<p>"You may pooh! pooh! as much as you like, Mr. Stubbs," rejoined the +manager; "but, by ——, you've made a mere apple-dumpling of yourself."</p> + +<p>"Do you think so," exclaimed Stubbs, glancing in one of the +mirrors—"Well; I do assure you it is Shakspeare, and I'll prove it. But +what shall I do?" and he looked imploringly round upon the broad, +grinning countenances of the other performers.</p> + +<p>"Do?" ejaculated Mr. Peaess; "you can do nothing now—the curtain has +been up these ten minutes; Horatio and Marcellus are coming off, and you +must go on."</p> + +<p>At this moment the ghost of Hamlet's father entered the room, but before +he had time to look upon his son, the call-boy's summons was heard for +the King, Queen, Hamlet, Polonius, Laertes, &c., to be ready, and forth +sallied poor Mr. Henry Augustus Constantine Stubbs, to prove, if he +could, to the audience, that his rotundity was perfectly Shakspearian.</p> + +<p>The awful flourish of drum and trumpet was sounded;—their majesties of +Denmark, attended by their train of courtiers, walked on. There is a +pause! All eyes are bent in eager gaze to catch the first glimpse of the +new Hamlet—all hands are ready to applaud. He appears—boxes, pit, and +gallery, join in the generous welcome of the unknown candidate. He +revives—hastens to the <span class="pagenum"><a name="page268" id="page268"></a>[pg 268]</span> +foot-lights—bows—another round of +applause—bows again—and again—and then falls back, to let the business +of the scene proceed. He looks round, meanwhile, with the swelling +consciousness that he is that moment "the observed of all observers," and +tries to rally his agitated spirits; but just as he is beginning to do +so, his wandering eye rests upon the ill-omened face of M'Crab, seated in +the front-row of the stage-box, who is gazing at him with a grotesque +smile, which awakens an overwhelming recollection of his own prediction, +that he "would be horribly laughed at, if he did make Hamlet a fat little +fellow," as well as a bewildering reminiscence of the manager's, that, +"by ——, the audience would not stand it."</p> + +<p>It was soon evident they would not, or rather that they could not stand +it. But it was not alone his new reading in what regarded the person of +Hamlet, that excited astonishment. Mr. Stubbs had so many other new +readings, that before he got to the end of his first speech, beginning +with, "Seems, madam! nay, it is," they were satisfied of what was to +follow. When, however, Mr. Stubbs stood alone upon the stage, in the full +perfection of his figure, and concentrated upon himself the undivided +attention of the house—when he gathered up his face into an +indescribable aspect of woe—but, above all, when, placing his two hands +upon his little round belly, he exclaimed, while looking sorrowfully at +it,</p> + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p class="i2">"Oh, that this too, too solid flesh would melt,</p> +<p class="i6">(Pat, went the right hand,)</p> +<p class="i2">Thaw, and resolve itself into a dew,"</p> +<p class="i6">(Pat, went the left hand,)</p> + </div> </div> + +<p>the effect was irresistible. One roar of laughter shook the theatre, from +the back row of the shilling gallery to the first row of the pit, mingled +with cries of <i>bravo! bravo! go on, my little fellow—you shall have fair +play—silence—bravo! silence!</i>—Stubbs, meanwhile, looked as if he were +really wondering what they were all laughing at; and when at length +silence was partially restored, he continued his soliloquy. His delivery +of the lines,</p> + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p class="i2">"Fye on't oh fye! 'tis an unweeded garden</p> +<p class="i2">That grown to seed: things rank and gross in nature," &c.</p> + </div> </div> + +<p>was one of his new readings—for holding up his finger, and looking +towards the audience with a severe expression of countenance, it appeared +as though he were chiding their ill manners in laughing at him, when he +said, "Fye on't—oh, fye!"</p> + +<p>He was allowed to proceed, however, with such interruptions only as his +own original conceptions of the part provoked from time to time; or when +any thing he had to say was obviously susceptible of an application to +himself. Thus, for example, in the scene with Horatio and Marcellus, +after his interview with the ghost:—</p> + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p class="i2"><i>"Ham</i>. And now, good friends,</p> +<p class="i2">As you are friends, scholars, and soldiers,</p> +<p class="i2">Give me one poor request.</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p class="i2"><i>Hor</i>. What is it, my lord? We will.</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p class="i2"><i>Ham. Never make known what you have seen to-night."</i></p> + </div> </div> + +<p>"Let him, if he likes," exclaimed a voice from the pit—"he'll never see +such a sight again."—Then, in his instructions to the players, his +delivery of them was accompanied by something like the following running +commentary:</p> + +<p>"Speak the speech, I pray you, as I pronounced it to you, (<i>that is +impossible!</i>) trippingly on the tongue: but if you mouth it, as many of +our players do, (<i>laughter</i>,) I had as lief the town-crier spoke my +lines. * * * Oh, it offends me to the soul, to hear a robustious, +periwig-pated fellow (<i>like yourself</i>) tear a passion to tatters, &c.—I +would have such a fellow whipped (<i>give it him, he deserves it</i>) for +o'erdoing Termagant. * * * Oh, there be players that I have seen play, +(<i>no, we see him,</i>) and heard others praise, and that highly, (<i>oh! oh! +oh!</i>) not to speak it profanely, that, having neither the accent of +Christians, (<i>ha! ha! ha!</i>) nor the gait of Christian, Pagan, nor man, +have so strutted (<i>bravo! little 'un!</i>) and bellowed, (<i>hit him again!</i>) +that I have thought some of nature's journeymen had made men, (<i>who made +you?</i>) and not made them well, (<i>no, you are a bad fit</i>,) they imitated +humanity so abominably." (<i>Roars of laughter</i>.)</p> + +<p>It was thus Mr. Henry Augustus Constantine Stubbs enacted Hamlet; and it +was not till the end of the fourth act that he suffered a single +observation to escape him, which indicated he thought any thing was +amiss. Then, indeed, while sitting in the green-room, and as if the idea +had just struck him, he said to Mr. Peaess, "Do you know, I begin to +think I have some enemies in the house, for when, in the scene with +Ophelia, I said, 'What should such fellows as I do crawling between earth +and heaven?' somebody called out, loud enough for me to hear him, 'Ay! +what, indeed?' It's very odd. Did you notice it, ma'am?" he continued +addressing the lady who performed Ophelia. "I can't say I did," replied +the lady, biting her lips most unmercifully, to preserve her gravity of +countenance.</p> + +<p>This was the only remark made by the <span class="pagenum"><a name="page269" id="page269"></a>[pg 269]</span> +inimitable Mr. Stubbs during the +whole evening, and he went through the fifth act with unabated +self-confidence. His dying scene was honoured with thunders of applause, +and loud cries of <i>encore</i>. Stubbs raised his head, and looking at +Horatio, who was bending over him, inquired, "Do you think they mean it?"</p> + +<p>"Lie still, for God's sake!" exclaimed Horatio, and the curtain slowly +descended amid deafening roars of laughter, and shouts of hurrah! hurrah!</p> + +<p>The next morning, at breakfast, Stubbs found all the daily papers on his +table, pursuant to his directions. He took up one, and read, in large +letters—"THEATRE. FIRST AND LAST APPEARANCE OF MR. HENRY AUGUSTUS +CONSTANTINE STUBBS IN HAMLET."</p> + +<p>He read no more. The paper dropped from his hands; and Mr. Stubbs +remained nothing but a GENTLEMAN all the rest of his life—<i>Blackwood's +Mag</i>.</p> + +<hr /> + + +<h3>LINES WRITTEN AT WARWICK CASTLE.<a id="footnotetag6" name="footnotetag6"></a><a href="#footnote6"><sup>6</sup></a></h3> + +<h4>BY CHARLES BADHAM, M.D. F.R.S.</h4> + +<h4><i>Professor of Medicine in the University of Glasgow</i>.</h4> + + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p class="i2">I.</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p class="i2">I leave thee, Warwick, and thy precincts grey,</p> +<p class="i4">Amidst a thousand winters still the same,</p> +<p class="i2">Ere tempests rend thy last sad leaves away,</p> +<p class="i4">And from thy bowers the native rock reclaim;</p> +<p class="i2">Crisp dews now glitter on the joyless field,</p> +<p class="i4">The gun's red disk now sheds no parting rays,</p> +<p class="i2">And through thy trophied hall the burnished shield</p> +<p class="i4">Disperses wide the swiftly mounting blaze.</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p class="i2">II.</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p class="i2">Thy pious paladins from Jordan's shore,</p> +<p class="i4">And all thy steel-clad barons are at rest;</p> +<p class="i2">Thy turrets sound to warder's tread no more;</p> +<p class="i4">Beneath their brow the dove hath hung her nest;</p> +<p class="i2">High on thy beams the harmless falchion shines;</p> +<p class="i4">No stormy trumpet wakes thy deep repose;</p> +<p class="i2">Past are the days that, on the serried lines</p> +<p class="i4">Around thy walls, saw the portcullis close.</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p class="i2">III.</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p class="i2">The bitter feud was quell'd, the culverin</p> +<p class="i4">No longer flash'd, us blighting mischief round,</p> +<p class="i2">But many an age was on those ivies green,</p> +<p class="i4">Ere Taste's calm eye had scann'd the gifted ground;</p> +<p class="i2">Bade the fair path o'er glade or woodland stray,</p> +<p class="i4">Bade Avon's swans through new Rialtos glide,</p> +<p class="i2">Forced through the rock its deeply channell'd way,</p> +<p class="i4">And threw, to Arts of peace, the portals wide.</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p class="i2">IV.</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p class="i2">But most to Her, whose light and daring hand</p> +<p class="i4">Can swiftly follow Fancy's wildest dream!</p> +<p class="i2">All times and nations in whose presence stand,</p> +<p class="i4">All that creation owns, her boundless theme!</p> +<p class="i2">And with her came the maid of Attic stole,</p> +<p class="i4">Untaught of dazzling schools the gauds to prize,</p> +<p class="i2">Who breathes in purest forms her calm control,</p> +<p class="i4">Heroic strength, and grace that never dies!</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p class="i2">V.</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p class="i2">Ye that have linger'd o'er each form divine,</p> +<p class="i4">Beneath the vault of Rome's unsullied sky,</p> +<p class="i2">Or where Bologna's cloister'd walls enshrine</p> +<p class="i4">Her martyr Saint—her mystic Rosary—</p> +<p class="i2">Of Arragon the hapless daughter view!</p> +<p class="i4">Scan, for ye may, that fine enamel near!</p> +<p class="i2">Such Catherine was, thus Leonardo drew—</p> +<p class="i4">Discern ye not the "Jove of painters" here?</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p class="i2">VI.</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p class="i2">Discern ye not the mighty master's power</p> +<p class="i4">In yon devoted Saint's uplifted eye?</p> +<p class="i2">That clouds the brow and bids already lour</p> +<p class="i4">O'er the First Charles the shades of sorrows nigh?</p> +<p class="i2">That now on furrow'd front of Rembrandt gleams,</p> +<p class="i4">Now breathes the rose of life and beauty there,</p> +<p class="i2">In the soft eye of Henrietta dreams,</p> +<p class="i2">And fills with fire the glance of Gondomar?</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p class="i2">VII.</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p class="i2">Here to Salvator's solemn pencil true,</p> +<p class="i4">Huge oaks swing rudely in the mountain blast;</p> +<p class="i2">Here grave Poussin on gloomy canvass threw</p> +<p class="i4">The lights that steal from clouds of tempest past;</p> +<p class="i2">And see! from Canaletti's glassy wave,</p> +<p class="i4">Like Eastern mosques, patrician Venice rise;</p> +<p class="i2">Or marble moles that rippling waters lave,</p> +<p class="i4">Where Claude's warm sunsets tinge Italian skies!</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p class="i2">VIII.</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p class="i2">Nor let the critic frown such themes arraign,</p> +<p class="i4">Here sleep the mellow lyre's enchanting keys;</p> +<p class="i2">Here the wrought table's darkly polish'd plain,</p> +<p class="i4">Proffers light lore to much-enduring ease;</p> +<p class="i2">Enamelled clocks here strike the silver bell;</p> +<p class="i4">Here Persia spreads the web of many dies;</p> +<p class="i2">Around, on silken couch, soft cushions swell,</p> +<p class="i4">That Stambol's viziers proud might not despise.</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p class="i2">IX.</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p class="i2">The golden lamp here sheds its pearly light,</p> +<p class="i4">Within the cedar'd panels, dusky pale;</p> +<p class="i2">No mirror'd walls the wandering glance invite,</p> +<p class="i4">No gauzy curtains drop the misty veil.</p> +<p class="i2">And there the vista leads of lessening doors,</p> +<p class="i4">And there the summer sunset's golden gleam</p> +<p class="i2">Along the line of darkling portrait pours,</p> +<p class="i4">And warms the polish'd oak or ponderous beam.</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p class="i2">X.</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p class="i2">Hark! from the depths beneath that proud saloon</p> +<p class="i4">The water's moan comes fitful and subdued,</p> +<p class="i2">Where in mild glory yon triumphant moon</p> +<p class="i4">Smiles on the arch that nobly spans the flood—</p> +<p class="i2">And here have kings and hoary statesmen gazed,</p> +<p class="i4">When spring with garlands deck'd the vale below,</p> +<p class="i2">Or when the waning year had lightly razed</p> +<p class="i4">The banks where Avon's lingering fountains flow.</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p class="i2">XI.</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p class="i2">And did no minstrel greet the courtly throng?</p> +<p class="i4">Did no fair flower of English loveliness</p> +<p class="i2">On timid lute sustain some artless song,</p> +<p class="i4">Her meek brow bound with smooth unbraided tress?</p> +<p class="i2">For Music knew not yet the stately guise,</p> +<p class="i4">Content with simplest notes to touch the soul,</p> +<p class="i2">Not from her choirs as when loud anthems rise,</p> +<p class="i4">Or when she bids orchestral thunders roll!</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p class="i2">XII.</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p class="i2">Here too the deep and fervent orison</p> +<p class="i4">Hath matron whisper'd for her absent lord,</p> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page270" id="page270"></a>[pg 270]</span></p> +<p class="i2">Peril'd in civil wars, that shook the throne,</p> +<p class="i4">When every hand in England, clench'd the sword:—</p> +<p class="i2">And here, as tales and chronicles agree,</p> +<p class="i4">If tales and chronicles be deem'd sincere,</p> +<p class="i2">Fair Warwick's heiress smiled at many a plea</p> +<p class="i4">Of puissant Thane, or Norman cavalier.</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p class="i2">XIII.</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p class="i2">Or dost thou sigh for theme of classic lore</p> +<p class="i4">Midst arms and moats, and battlements and towers?</p> +<p class="i2">Behold the Vase! that, erst on Anio's shore,</p> +<p class="i4">Hath found a splendid home in Warwick's bowers:</p> +<p class="i2">To British meads ere yet the Saxon came,</p> +<p class="i4">The pomp of senates swept its pedestal,</p> +<p class="i2">And kings of many an Oriental name</p> +<p class="i4">Have seen its shadow, and are perish'd all!</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p class="i2">XIV.</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p class="i2">Haply it stood on that illustrious ground</p> +<p class="i4">Where circling columns once, in sculptur'd pride,</p> +<p class="i2">With fine volute or wreath'd acanthus crown'd,</p> +<p class="i4">Rear'd some light roof by Anio's plunging tide;</p> +<p class="i2">There, in the brightness of the votive fane</p> +<p class="i4">To rural or to vintage gods addrest,</p> +<p class="i2">Those vine clad symbols of Pan's peaceful reign</p> +<p class="i4">Amidst dark pines their sacred seats possess'd.</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p class="i2">XV.</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p class="i2">Or, did it break with soft and silvery shower</p> +<p class="i4">The silence of some marble solitude,</p> +<p class="i2">Where Adrian, at the fire fly's glittering hour,</p> +<p class="i4">Of rumour'd worlds to come the doubts review'd?</p> +<p class="i2">Go mark his tomb!—in that sepulchral mole</p> +<p class="i4">Scowls the fell bandit:—from its towering height</p> +<p class="i2">Old Tiber's flood reflects the girandole,</p> +<p class="i4">Midst bells, and shouts, and rockets' arrowy flight!</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p class="i2">XVI.</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p class="i2">Warwick, farewell! Long may thy fortunes stand,</p> +<p class="i4">And sires of sires hold rule within thy walls,</p> +<p class="i2">Thy streaming banners to the breeze expand,</p> +<p class="i4">And the heart's griefs pass lightly o'er thy halls!</p> +<p class="i2">May happier bards, on Avon's sedgy shore,</p> +<p class="i4">Sustain on nobler lyre thy poet's vow,</p> +<p class="i2">And all thy future lords (what can they more?)</p> +<p class="i4">Wear the green laurels of thy fame, as now!</p> + </div> </div> + +<h3>NOTES.</h3> + +<p>One of the towers of Warwick Castle is complimented with the name of +Guy's Tower; certain ponderous armour and utensils preserved in the lodge +are also attributed to Guy; nobody, in short, thinks of Guy without +Warwick, or of Warwick without Guy; "Arms and the Man" ought to have been +emblazoned on the castle banner; and why should I hesitate to say, that +one of the most amiable of children perpetuates the heroic name within +its walls? Had this renowned adventurer been ambitious of patriarchal +honours, his descendants might have extended the ancestral renown, and +have furnished many a ballad of those good old times; but when the Saxon +Ulysses had returned from his pilgrimage to Jerusalem, and made an end of +Colbrand and the Dun Cow, his fancy was to take alms in disguise from his +own fair lady, at his own castle gate, and then retire (<i>tous les goúts +sont respectables</i>) to a certain hole or cave called Guy's Cliff, where +he amused himself (in the intervals of rheumatism) for the rest of his +natural life in counting his beads and ruminating on his sins, which, as +he was a great traveller and a hero, might have been considerable.</p> + + +<h4>STANZA III.</h4> + +<p>The following interesting passage is copied from a book of ordinary +occurrence, in which it is cited without stating the authority. It is +more than doubtful if any other nobleman in the kingdom, at that time or +since, has projected or executed so much on his own property as the late +Earl of Warwick:—</p> + +<p>"I purchased a magnificent collection of pictures by Vandyke, Rubens, &c. +The marbles are not equalled, perhaps, in the kingdom. I made a noble +approach to the castle through a solid rock, built a porter's lodge, and +founded a library full of books, some valuable and scarce, all well +chosen. I made an armoury, and built walls round the court and pleasure +gardens. I built a noble green-house, and filled it with beautiful +plants. I placed in it a vase, considered the finest remain of Grecian +art, for its size and beauty. I made a noble lake, from 3 to 600 feet +broad, and a mile long. I planted trees, now worth 100,000<i>l</i>., besides +100 acres of ash. I built a stone bridge of 105 feet in span, every stone +from 2,000 to 3,800 lbs in weight. The weight of the first tier on the +centre was estimated at 1,000 tons. I gave the bridge to the town with no +toll on it. I will not enumerate a great many other things done by me. +Let Warwick Castle speak for itself."</p> + +<h4>STANZA X.</h4> + +<p>There is a <i>feeling of respect</i> inspired by ancient buildings of +importance. Such a castle as Warwick, which has lodged a succession of +generations of the most opposite characters—at one time the "dulcis et +quieti animi vir, et qui, cougruo suis moribus studio, vitam egit et +clausit;" at another by the assassin of Piers de Gaveston, the king's +favourite, "whose head he cut off upon Blacklow Hill, and gave the friars +preachers the charge of his body, inasmuch as he had called the said earl +the Black Dog of Arderne"—is not to be approached as one visits a +handsome stone house of Palladian architecture!—such a house we know can +never have been the scene either of council or conspiracy; within such +walls there can never have been "latens odium inter regem et proceres, et +præsecipuè inter comitem de Warwick et adhærentes ejusdem."</p> + +<p>As to the river and its swans. I have learned from the bard to whom it +has been long since consecrated, (although he may not have had the right +of fishing in it when alive,) that "discretion is the better part of +valour."</p> + +<p>If I were to describe the walks, I should only say that they were +contrived, as all walks ought to be, to let in the sun or to shut him out +by turns. Here you rejoice in the fulness of his meridian strength, and +here in the shadows of various depth and intensity, which a well disposed +and happily contrasted sylvan population knows how to effect. The +senatorial oak, the spreading sycamore, the beautiful plane, (which I +never see without recollecting the channel of the Asopus and the woody +sides of Oeta,) the aristocratic pine running up in solitary stateliness +till it equal the castle turrets—all these, and many more, are admirably +intermingled and contrasted, in plantations which establish, as every +thing in and about the castle does, the consummate taste of the late +earl, although it must be admitted he had the finest subjects to work +upon, from the happy disposition of the ground. I shall never forget the +first time I walked over them; a pheasant occasionally shifting his +quarters at my intrusion, and making his noisy way through an ether so +clear, so pure, so motionless, that the broad leaves subsided, rather +than fell to the ground, without the least disturbance; the tall grey +chimneys just breathing their smoke upon the blue element, which they +scarcely stained; every green thing was beginning to wear the colour of +decay, and many a tint of yellow, deepening into orange, made me sensible +that "there be tongues in trees," if not "good in every thing." But +Montaigne says nothing is useless, <i>not even inutility itself</i>.</p> + +<h4>STANZA XIII.</h4> + +<p>This superb work of antiquity must indeed be seen, to be sufficiently +estimated: the great failure of that branch of the fine arts which is +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page271" id="page271"></a>[pg 271]</span> +employed to represent all the rest, is in the inadequate idea of size +which it must necessarily give where the objects to be represented are +large.</p> + +<p>The marble vases now extant are, of course, comparatively few in number, +and this is, perhaps, excepting the Medicean, the finest of them all. The +best representations of it are those in Piranesi, three in number. One +great, and conspicuous beauty of this vase consists in the elegantly +formed handles, and in the artful insertion of the extreme branches of +the vine-stems which compose them, into its margin, where they throw off +a rich embroidery of leaves and fruit. A lion's skin, with the head and +claws attached, form a sort of drapery, and the introduction of the +thyrsus, the lituus, and three bacchanalian masks on each side, complete +the embellishments. The capacity of this vase is 103 gallons, its +diameter 9 feet, its pedestal of course modern. It was discovered in +1770, in the draining of a mephitic lake within the enclosure of the +Villa Adriana, called Laga di Pantanello. Lord Warwick had reason to be +proud of his vase, which had this peculiarity, that, whereas almost every +other object of art in the kingdom has been catalogued and sold over and +over again, this vase passed (after a sufficiently long parenthesis of +time) <i>immediately from the gardens of Adrian to his own!</i></p> + +<p><i>Blackwood's Magazine.</i></p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + + +<h2>Manners & Customs of all Nations.</h2> + +<hr /> + + + +<h3>HEAVING.</h3> + +<h4><i>(For the Mirror.)</i></h4> + + +<p>They have a ludicrous custom in Staffordshire, at Easter, which they call +heaving. The males claim Easter Monday, and the females Tuesday, and on +this day a group of the latter assemble, and every male they meet with +they seize, and one of them salutes him with a kiss, after which they all +lay hold of him and heave him up as high as they can, for this they +require some donation, which, if refused, they will seize his hat, +handkerchief, or any thing they can lay hold of. This lasts till twelve +o'clock. Sometimes old women collect together, and then woe be to the +person who does not present them with a trifle, and thus stop their +proceedings; for if not, their snuffy beaks might come in contact with +their prisoners' lips. They often collect 10 or 12<i>s</i>. and spend it in +carousing at night.</p> + +<p>W.H.</p> + +<hr /> + + +<h3>CONVICTS IN NEW SOUTH WALES.</h3> + + +<p>The regular hours of work are from sun-rise to sun-set; but so few +settlers get up to see that this time is kept, that a much shorter period +is generally employed in labour. The expense of maintaining a convict is +rather a difficult calculation: where there are many men, they are, of +course, supported at much less per man than where there are but few, from +being able to buy slop clothes, tea, and the other necessaries, at +wholesale prices, of the importing merchant. The waste, also, made by the +convicts in their meat, &c. is a serious consideration: the head and +entrails of animals slaughtered for their use, and which an English +labourer would be glad of, are thrown away as only fit for the dogs; +nothing but the body and legs are deemed sufficiently good for these +dainty characters. Taking all expenses into consideration, I think that +from 25<i>l</i>. to 30<i>l</i>. per man may be estimated as the annual +cost—<i>Widowson's Present State of Van Dieman's Land</i>.</p> + +<hr /> + + +<h3>THROWING STONES AT THE DEVIL.</h3> + + +<p>On arriving at Wady Muna, each nation encamped upon the spot which custom +has assigned to it, at every returning Hadj. After disposing of the +baggage, the hadjys hastened to the ceremony of throwing stones at the +devil. It is said that, when Abraham or Ibrahim returned from the +pilgrimage to Arafat, and arrived at Wady Muna, the devil Eblys presented +himself before him at the entrance of the valley, to obstruct his +passage; when the angel Gabriel, who accompanied the patriarch, advised +him to throw stones at him, which he did, and after pelting him seven +times, Eblys retired. When Abraham reached the middle of the valley, he +again appeared before him, and, for the last time, at its western +extremity, and was both times repulsed by the same number of stones. +According to Azraky, the Pagan Arabs, in commemoration of this tradition, +used to cast stones in this valley as they returned from the pilgrimage; +and setup seven idols at Muna, of which there was one in each of the +three spots where the devil appeared, at each of which they cast three +stones. Mohammed, who made this ceremony one of the chief duties of the +hadjys, increased the number of stones to seven. At the entrance of the +valley, towards Mezdelfe, stands a rude stone pillar, or rather altar, +between six or seven feet high, in the midst of the street, against which +the first seven stones are thrown, as the place where the devil made his +first stand: towards the middle of the valley is a similar pillar, and at +its western end a wall of stones, which is made to serve the same +purpose. The hadjys crowded in rapid succession round the first pillar, +called "Djamrat el Awla;" and every one threw seven small stones +successively upon it; they then passed to the second and third spots +(called "Djamrat el Owsat," and "Djamrat el Sofaly," or "el Akaba," or +"el Aksa,") where the same ceremony was repeated. In throwing the stones, +they are to exclaim, "In the name of God; God is great (we do this) to +secure ourselves from the <span class="pagenum"><a name="page272" id="page272"></a>[pg 272]</span> +devil and his troops." The stones used for +this purpose are to be of the size of a horse-bean, or thereabouts; and +the pilgrims are advised to collect them in the plain of Mezdelfe, but +they may likewise take them from Muna; and many people, contrary to the +law, collect those that have already been thrown.—<i>Burckhardt's +Travels</i>.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + + +<h2>THE GATHERER.</h2> + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p class="i2">A snapper up of unconsidered trifles.</p> + </div> </div> + +<p>SHAKSPEARE.</p> + +<hr /> + + +<h3>THE COACHMAN.</h3> + + +<p>The moment he has got his seat and made his start, you are struck at once +with the perfect mastership of his art. The hand just over his left +thigh, the arm without constraint, steady, and with a holding command +that keeps his horses like clock-work; yet to a superficial observer +quite with loose reins; so firm and compact he is, that you seldom +observe any shifting, only to take a shorter purchase for a run down +hill; his right hand and whip are beautifully in unison; the crop, if not +in a direct line with the box, over the near wheel, raised gracefully up +as it were to reward the near side horse; the thong—the thong after +three twists, which appears in his hand to have been placed by the maker +never to be altered or improved ...... and if the off-side horse becomes +slack, to see the turn of his arm to reduce a twist, or to reverse, if +necessary, is exquisite: after being <i>placed under the rib</i>, or upon the +shoulder point, up comes the arm, and with it the thong returns to the +elegant position upon the crop! I say elegant! the stick, highly polished +yew—rather light—not too taper—yet elastic; a thong in clean order, +pliable. All done without effort—merely a turn of the wrist!</p> + +<hr /> + +<p>At twelve o'clock at noon, on the day before Easter, the resurrection +service begins at the Quirinal Chapel at Rome; when a curtain is drawn +back, which conceals a picture of our Lord: bells ring, drums are beaten, +guns are fired, and joy succeeds to mourning.</p> + +<hr /> + +<h3>ACROSTIC ON "THE MIRROR."</h3> + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p class="i2">MIRROR! methinks your name indeed is true</p> +<p class="i2">In every other point, except that you,</p> +<p class="i2">Resplendent with the wisdom of mankind,</p> +<p class="i2">Reflect not to the <i>sight</i>, but to the <i>mind</i>.</p> +<p class="i2">Oh! may success then to your pains accrue,</p> +<p class="i2">Rewarding all your merit with its due.</p> + </div> </div> + +<p>D.</p> + +<hr /> + +<h3>LOVE.</h3> + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p class="i2">Love reigns the lord of every mortal heart;</p> +<p class="i2">He wounds the beggar, wounds the king,</p> +<p class="i2">And is the fairest, falsest thing,</p> +<p class="i2">That e'er excited joy, or bade a bosom smart.</p> +<p class="i2">Light as the wind, rough as the wave,</p> +<p class="i2">He's both a tyrant and a slave;</p> +<p class="i2">A fire that freezes, and a frost that's hot,</p> +<p class="i2">A bitter sweet, a luscious sour,</p> +<p class="i2">Wretched is he who knows his pow'r,</p> +<p class="i2">But far more wretched still is he who knows it not.</p> + </div> </div> + +<hr /> + +<h3>TRUTH, A FABLE.</h3> + +<p>At the gates of Sorbonne, Truth one day showed her face. The syndic met +her. "What," said he, "do you want?" "Alas! hospitality." "Your name?" +"My name is Truth." "Flee," said he, in anger, "flee, or I seek vengeance +on your profaneness." "You chase me away," answered Truth; "but I live in +hope to have my turn, being the spoiled child of Time, and gaining every +thing by the means of my father."</p> + +<hr /> + +<p>The initial letters of the Latin names of the kings of Bonaparte's family +form the Latin word <i>Nihil</i>, (nothing;) and this used to be called the +genealogical acrostic:</p> + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p class="i2">L udovicus.</p> +<p class="i2">I osephus.</p> +<p class="i2">H ieronymus.</p> +<p class="i2">I oachim.</p> +<p class="i2">N apoleo.</p> + </div> </div> + +<p>T.B.</p> + +<hr /> + +<h3>THE SUBTERFUGE.</h3> + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p class="i2">"I vow, my dear Strephon," said Chloe one day,</p> +<p class="i4">While Damon lay hid in the bower,</p> +<p class="i2">"Yon sun that now gazes shall see a kiss given</p> +<p class="i4">To no one but thee from this hour."</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p class="i2">Now Strephon is gone—and with mournful eye</p> +<p class="i4">Poor Damon upbraided the fair.</p> +<p class="i2">"Hush! blockhead," said Chloe, "the sun's now on high,</p> +<p class="i4">But d'ye think it will always be there?"</p> + </div> </div> + +<hr /> + +<p>Lately published, with a Frontispiece, and thirty other Engravings, price +5<i>s</i>.</p> + +<h4>THE ARCANA OF SCIENCE, AND ANNUAL REGISTER OF THE USEFUL ARTS, FOR 1829.</h4> + +<p>"This is a valuable register of the progress of science and arts during +the past year. Engravings and a low price qualify it for extensive +utility."—<i>Literary Gazette, March</i> 21.</p> + +<p>"An agreeable and useful little volume."—<i>Athenæum, Feb</i>. 18.</p> + + +<hr class="full" /> +<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote1" name="footnote1"></a><b>Footnote 1:</b><a href="#footnotetag1"> (return) </a><p>The eight principal public schools of the kingdom are +considered to be those of Winchester; Westminster; Eton; Harrow; the +Charter House; Merchant Tailor's; St. Paul's; and Rugby.</p></blockquote> + +<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote2" name="footnote2"></a><b>Footnote 2:</b><a href="#footnotetag2"> (return) </a><p>We have often seen an etching of this exhibition.</p></blockquote> + +<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote3" name="footnote3"></a><b>Footnote 3:</b><a href="#footnotetag3"> (return) </a><p> It must be recollected that wild fowl in consequence of +their living on animal diet, give more readily a putrid disposition to +the fluids.</p></blockquote> + +<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote4" name="footnote4"></a><b>Footnote 4:</b><a href="#footnotetag4"> (return) </a><p>Colonel Macirone also sent out above two thousand men, who +were employed in the capture of Porto Bello and Rio de la Hacha. This +caused a very favourable diversion for Bolivar in Venezuela, as it +distracted the attention of the royalists, and but for the pusillanimous +conduct of Macgregor, who commanded the expedition, might have proved of +lasting advantage.</p></blockquote> + +<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote5" name="footnote5"></a><b>Footnote 5:</b><a href="#footnotetag5"> (return) </a><p><i>Apropos</i>, three are twenty-three pictures by this gentleman +in the gallery.</p></blockquote> + +<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote6" name="footnote6"></a><b>Footnote 6:</b><a href="#footnotetag6"> (return) </a><p>These lines will form a beautiful pendant to the picturesque +Engraving of WARWICK CASTLE, in No. 357 of the MIRROR—as well as to the +very interesting antiquarian description by our esteemed correspondent +<i>L.L.</i></p></blockquote> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p><i>Printed and Published by J. LIMBIRD, 143, Strand, (near Somerset House,) +London; sold by ERNEST FLEISCHER, 626, New Market, Leipsic; and by all +Newsmen and Booksellers.</i></p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + + + + + + + +<pre> + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, +and Instruction, No. 366, by Various + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MIRROR OF LITERATURE *** + +***** This file should be named 12899-h.htm or 12899-h.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/1/2/8/9/12899/ + +Produced by Jonathan Ingram and PG Distributed Proofreaders + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and Instruction, No. 366 + Vol. XIII, No. 366., Saturday, April 18, 1829 + +Author: Various + +Release Date: July 12, 2004 [EBook #12899] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ASCII + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MIRROR OF LITERATURE *** + + + + +Produced by Jonathan Ingram and PG Distributed Proofreaders + + + + +THE MIRROR OF LITERATURE, AMUSEMENT, AND INSTRUCTION. + +VOL. XIII, No. 366.] SATURDAY, APRIL 18, 1829. [PRICE 2d. + + + * * * * * + + +HARROW SCHOOL. + +[Illustration: HARROW SCHOOL.] + + To lofty HARROW now.--THOMSON. + + +Harrow-on-the-hill was a place of some consideration, even before the +foundation of the scholastic establishment which now forms its principal +boast. The Archbishops of Canterbury had an occasional residence here, in +the centuries briefly succeeding the Norman Conquest; and they obtained +for the inhabitants a weekly market, long since fallen into disuse. + +The _Free Grammar School_ of Harrow, which now ranks amongst the eight +great schools of England,[1] like most foundations of a similar nature, +proceeded from a small beginning. In the 14th year of Elizabeth, John +Lyon, a wealthy yeoman, of Preston, in this parish, procured letters +patent, and special license from the crown, for the foundation of the +school, to which for many years, he only contributed the sum of 30 marks +annually; but in the year 1590, he developed his full intentions, +provided for their observance, and drew up a code of regulations for the +foundation. Among these provisions the following are curiously +characteristic of the times:--The founder expresses his intention to +build "meete and convenient Roomes for the said Schoole Mr and Usher to +inhabite and dwell in; as also a large and convenient Schoole House, with +a chimney in it. And, alsoe, a cellar under the said Roomes and Schoole +House, to lay in wood and coales;" the master's salary he fixes at L26. +13s. 4d. per annum, besides L3. 6s. 8d. on the 1st of May, +towards his provision of fuel; the usher's at L13. 6s. 8d. with L3. +6s. 8d. for fuel. The founder declares his desire that the School +shall consist of a "meete and convenient number of schollers, as well of +poor, to be taught freely," (which privilege he confines to the children +of the inhabitants of Harrow;) "as of others, to be received for ye +further profitt and commoditie of the schoole-master." The regulations +provide for the government of the school with curious minuteness, and +describe the number of forms; the books and exercises allotted to +each; the mode of correction; the hours of attendance; and the vacations +and play days. They extend even to the amusements of the scholars, which +are confined to "driving a top, tossing a hand-ball, running and +shooting." For the purpose of this latter exercise, all parents are +required to furnish their children with "bowstrings shafts, and +bresters." In consequence of this regulation it was usual to hold an +annual exhibition of Archery, on August 4, when the scholars contended +for a silver arrow.[2] Within the last fifty years this custom has been +abolished and in its room has been substituted the delivery of annual +orations before the assembled Governors. + + [1] The eight principal public schools of the kingdom are + considered to be those of Winchester; Westminster; Eton; Harrow; + the Charter House; Merchant Tailor's; St. Paul's; and Rugby. + + [2] We have often seen an etching of this exhibition. + +Such was the establishment of this celebrated seminary; and in the humble +character of a parochial Free School it long remained, unknown except in +its own immediate neighbourhood. The buildings appertaining to the School +are not of an ornamental character. The original School-house represented +in our engraving, has undergone no external alteration except the +necessary repairs. It is a building of red brick having on the top a +lion, the rebus of the founder's name. In the original arrangement of the +interior, the lower portions only were used as school-rooms; the middle +floor formed the residence of the master and usher, then the only +teachers; whilst the upper story consisted of writing schools. The whole +of the building is now appropriated to the exercises of the school, the +pupils studying their lessons at the houses of their tutors, and +assembling here for the purpose of examination. + +Harrow is consecrated ground; and we could easily select a long list of +illustrious men educated within its walls. The first classical mention of +Harrow as a school, is by William Baxter the learned author of the +Glossary, and editor of several of the classics, who was educated here. +Dr. Bennet, Bishop of Cloyne; Sir William Jones; Dr. Parr, who was born +at Harrow; Rt. Hon. R.B. Sheridan; Mr. Perceval, and Lord Byron--shine +forth in this list. Earl Spencer; the Marquess of Hastings; the Earl of +Aberdeen; and Mr. Peel were likewise educated here. + +The greatest number of scholars who have been at any one time at Harrow, +was in the year 1804, when the number of students amounted to 353. The +present master is the Rev. Dr. Butler. + + * * * * * + + + +DR. JOHNSON'S RESIDENCE, IN BOLT COURT. + +_(For the Mirror)_ + + +It perhaps is not generally known, that the residence of the great +"leviathan of literature," situate in Bolt-court, Fleet-street, was +consumed by the fire which destroyed Messrs. Bensley's premises a few +years ago; and that there are now no ostensible traces of the doctor's +city retreat, save the site. The only vestige of the house is a piece of +grotesquely carved wood, which ornamented the centre of the doorway, and +which is now in possession of a gentleman in the neighbourhood. Part of +the new printing-office, belonging to Messrs. Mills and Co., occupies a +portion of the site, and the remainder forms a receptacle for coals. As +if learning loved to linger amidst the forsaken haunts of departed +genius, the place is still the scene of those efforts in propagating +knowledge, without which it would be a sealed book. When looking upon the +scene which has been consecrated by the presence and labours, the joys +and sorrows, of such a man, how interesting are our reflections, marred +as they may be by mournful impressions of "the mutability of human +affairs." We feel a romantic regret that the genius of Johnson could not +bestow an imperishability upon the spot; and preserve it from the +casualties and decay of fire, and storm, and time. Here the unfortunate +Savage has held his intellectual "_noctes_" and enlivened the old +moralist with his mad philosophy. It was from this mansion that "the +Bastard" roused the doctor on the memorable night (or morn) when they set +out on one of those frolicsome perambulations, which genius, in its +weakness and misgivings, sometimes indulges, and which was worthy of the +days of modern Corinthianism. We can imagine the sleepy, solemn face of +Johnson, the meagre phiz of Savage, and the more rotund features of +Boswell, around the board, and the doctor's beloved tea-kettle singing +its harmonious and solacing solo on the blazing "ingle." Inspecting more +minutely the features of the visionary picture, we might behold the +oracle of learning when about to deliver his opinion, perhaps, on the +artificial fire of Gray, or the feeling and simplicity of Goldsmith: his +opening eyes and unclosing lips; the "harsh thunder" of his +articulation, and the horrisonous stamp of his ample foot, impress us +with the same reverence which was felt by his literary visitants. It was +here, doubtless, where the Herculean task of compiling his dictionary was +achieved; the monotony of which was relieved by writing the periodical +papers of his Guardian, and the more flowery composition of poetry and +biography. But he is gone, and though the mist of years may obscure his +personal history, and vicissitudes annihilate his household memorials, +yet his morality and piety, his unparalleled labour and patient +endurance, but chief of all, his brilliant and versatile genius, will +perish but with the annals of humanity. His fame + + "From sire to son shall speed; from clime to clime, + Outstripping death upon the wings of time!" + +** H. + + * * * * * + + +COMMON RIGHTS. + +_(To the Editor of the Mirror.)_ + + +As the columns of your MIRROR are a treasury of instruction, perhaps it +may not be thought amiss, or unworthy its pages, to record the advances +of science in the land we live in. I have long since heard of our +American brethren possessing the wonderful art of "launching" as the term +is, their habitations; but I was not aware that my friends on this side +the water had arrived at such a height on the hill of invention, until a +few weeks back, when travelling in the western part of Dorsetshire, +through the small village of _Pulham_, in that county; a neat, +comfortable-looking cottage was pointed out for my observation, and which +I was assured by many creditable persons, who had witnessed the +performance, was, in the year 1826, chimneys, windows, and altogether, +removed, without sustaining any injury, the distance of nearly two miles. +The power employed was that of ten horses. The spot where it was intended +originally to stand, was pointed out to me, being a piece of waste land +called _Lydlinch Common_. I inquired what motive could have induced the +proprietor to coach it off in such a novel manner, and the following +account I received "under the rose." + +The brother of the person whose ingenuity has thus exerted itself, +possessed a small property bordering on the aforesaid common. But to +understand my story, you must know that the peasantry of the west of +England, imbibe a notion, whether erroneous or not, I am not learned +enough to say, that if a person builds on waste lands, and is permitted +to proceed uninterrupted by the Lord of the Manor, or any other person, +until he has roofed and occupied it, or as they express it "made a smoke +in it" that the builder has an indisputable right to it. Now the man +willing to act on this principle, set his wits to work and constructed a +house on his brother's property beforementioned, on a movable foundation, +such as I am unable to describe; and when completed, he, in the course of +one night launched it over the hedge fairly into the common, and the next +morning found him busily employed in making the smoke that was, according +to village laws, to establish him in his newly acquired habitation; and +no doubt he would have continued quietly in the same place to this day, +had not a neighbouring 'squire took it into his head to teach this +commentator on the law, another version of its intricacies, and finally +caused him to set his house a-going once more, which it did in the manner +aforesaid, to a bit of land to which he had a more legal right, and where +it now stands. + +Wonderful as this relation may seem, its truth may be relied on, and any +reader of the MIRROR, travelling, or having friends in that part of the +country, may easily ascertain the truth of my statement. The house at +present stands near the highway leading from Sturminster to Sherborne, +about five or six miles from the former, and six or seven from the +latter. + +RURIS. + +_Blandford, April 9, 1829._ + + * * * * * + + +ORIGIN OF SIGNS.--CAT AND THE FIDDLE. + +_(To the Editor of the Mirror.)_ + + +No part of the history of civilized nations is involved in such deep +obscurity as the origin and progress of their names. I do not mean their +names of men and women, the etymology of which are easy; for any stupid +fellow can see with half an eye that Xisuthrus and Noah are one and the +same person; and that Thoth can only be Hermes; nor is there any +discernable difference between Pelagius and Morgan; _tout cela va sans se +dire_, but when we come to account for the names of places or of signs, +then indeed are we lost in a vast field of metaphysical disquisition and +conjectural criticism. The _Spectator_, your worthy predecessor, threw +much light upon the science, but still he left it in its infancy. To be +sure, he traced the Bull and Mouth to the Boulogne Mouth, but I don't +remember that he made many other discoveries in this _terra incognita_. +However, he hinted that the roots of most of these old saws were to be +found in the French language, or rather in the jargon spoken by the +would-be-fine people, in imitation of the court, and by them called +French. Neither the _Spectator_, however, nor any of his periodical +imitators have ever found out why a certain headland, bare as the +back of my hand, should be dignified with the appellation of Beechey +Head; unless indeed, according to the Eton grammar, our ancestors used +the rule of _lucus a non lucendo_. The reason, however, is to be found in +the French language, and Beechey Head is the present guide of the old +_beau chef_, whereby this point was once known. The _Spectator_ also, if +I remember right, declared the old sign of the _Cat and the Fiddle_ to be +quite beyond his comprehension. In truth, no two objects in the world +have less to do with each other than a cat and a violin, and the only +explanation ever given of this wonderful union, appears to be, that once +upon a time, a gentleman kept a house with the sign of a Cat, and a lady +one, with the sign of a Fiddle, or _vice versa_. That these two persons +fell in love, married, and set up an Inn, which to commemorate their +early loves, they called the Cat and the Fiddle. Such reasoning is +exceedingly poetical, and also (mind, _also_, not _therefore_) +exceedingly nonsensical. No, Sir, the Cat and the Fiddle is of greater +antiquity. Did you ever read the History of Rome? Of Rome! yes, of Rome. +Thence comes the Cat and the Fiddle, in somewhat a roundabout way +perhaps, but so it is: + + Vixtrix causa Diis placuit, sed victa Catoni. + +Cato was faithful to the sacred cause of liberty, and disdained to +survive it; and now for the fiddle. In the days of good Queen Bess, when +those who had borne the iron yoke of Mary, ventured forth and gloried in +that freedom of conscience which had lately been denied them, a jolly +innkeeper having lately cast off the shackles of the old religion, +likened himself to the old Roman, and wrote over his door _l'Hostelle du +Caton fidelle_. The hostelle and its sign lasted longer than the worthy +gentleman, and having gone shockingly to decay, was many years after +re-established. But alas! the numerous French words once mixed with our +language had vanished, barbarized, and ground down into a heterogeneous +mass of sounds; and _le Caton fidelle_ was no longer known to his best +friends when resuscitated under the anomalous title of the Cat and +Fiddle!! + +XX. + + * * * * * + + +THE BLIND GIRL. + +_(For the Mirror.)_ + + + As fair a thing as e'er was form'd of clay. + +BYRON. + + Sweet wanderer--we have known her long! + And often on our ear, + Has gush'd the cadence of her song, + As if some stream were near. + Her path was through our tranquil dell, + When breezes kiss'd the curfew bell. + + We gaz'd upon the golden hair, + That o'er her white brow shone, + And beauty's tinge had cluster'd there, + A grace unlike its own. + We call'd it beautiful--that brow! + But rayless were the eyes below. + + Those pale dim eyes, we would have given + Our flowers to see them glow-- + They slept, as sleeps the summer heaven, + When the sun waxeth low: + And soft her glossy lashes were, + As stars within the crystal air. + + Oh, call her not a phantom form, + Of deep sepulchral spells; + Her maiden lips with life are warm, + And thought within her dwells-- + Thought, holy as the light that lies + In the rapt martyr's lifted eyes. + + Her home--'tis far away from her, + Its quiet porch is lone, + And the sunny wind no more shall stir + Its streamlet's silver tone. + The zephyrs there, their incense wreathe, + But, o'er her hair they shall not breathe. + + Her sire reposeth in the wave, + Beneath an Indian sky; + The violets fringe her mother's grave, + And there, her sisters lie! + And we will waft to heaven our prayers, + When her pure dust is mix'd with theirs. + + _Deal_. REGINALD AUGUSTINE. + + * * * * * + + +WINE. + +_(For the Mirror.)_ + + +Sir,--I am induced to send you the following, in consequence of reading +an article upon _wine_ in No. 352, page 45 of your interesting work. + +The article appears to have been written with a view of inducing a more +frequent use of that wholesome and invigorating beverage by adducing a +host of respectable names of antiquity. But I am somewhat inclined to +believe, that notwithstanding the classic lore and learned style in which +the article appears, that many there are, whose adverse temper, and whom +the present "march of intellect" has so far rendered callous to +_authoritative_ conviction, that they still remain sceptics of the +extraordinary good qualities and virtues, which the ancients believed +this beverage to contain; only because they have thought fit to adhere to +the common adage, that no opinion ought to be received upon men's +authority, without a sufficient reason assigned for its correctness. It +is with this view of the subject then, that I venture to make the few +following observations. In the first place, we will briefly consider the +nature and chemical properties of wines, and then their tendency +and action upon the constitution. + +The characteristic ingredient of all wines is alcohol, the proportion and +quality of which, and the state and combination in which it exists, +constitute the essential properties of the numerous kinds of wines. The +colour of the red wines is produced from the husk of the grape, they +being used during fermentation; on the contrary, the colourless wines are +those where the husk of the grape is not used during the process of +fermentation. The colouring matter produced from the husks is highly +astringent, consequently the red and white wines are very different in +their qualities, and very different in their effect on the stomach. + +All wines contain more or less acid; for British wines are considered +less salubrious than those of foreign, from their having an excess of +malic acid, which our fruits contain. The foreign wines are reckoned +superior in quality, in consequence of their containing an excess of +tartaric acid, their fruit containing a greater portion of this acid than +does ours. Wines during fermentation, if improperly managed, will produce +_acetic acid_, which will greatly deteriorate their quality. + +Various have been the opinions of eminent men on the effects of wine upon +the constitution. It would be needless to enter into a detailed account +of all those who have written for or against its utility; the following, +from a modern eminent writer _against_ the use of wines will suffice, and +serve to show that the opponents to wine-drinking have at least some +reason on their side. Mr. Beddoes, states, in his "Hygeia," vol. ii, p. +35, that an ingenious surgeon tried the following experiment:--He gave +two of his children for a week alternately after dinner, to the one a +full glass of sherry, and to the other a large China orange; the effects +that followed were sufficient to prove the _injurious tendency_ of vinous +liquors. In the one the pulse was quickened, the heat increased; whilst +the other had every appearance that indicated high health; the same +effect followed when the experiment was reversed. This certainly is a +formidable objection, but let us before drawing a final conclusion, +examine the opposite arguments. + +Wines, and, indeed, all fermented liquors have an antiseptic quality. +They act in direct opposition to putrefaction, and in proportion to the +quantity of alcohol which they contain, so will be their value and +beneficial tendency. Now the circulating fluids of our system have a +continual tendency to putrefaction; and the food we take, both animal +and vegetable, tends to produce this effect; if, therefore, something of +an antiseptic nature, or of a nature in direct opposition to this +principle be not received, the fluids would ultimately become a mass of +corruption, with the extinction of life. If we meet with an individual +whose habits are abstemious, as regards the drinking of wines or +fermented liquors, we generally discover him to have a great predilection +for that valuable commodity _salt_, which article being in its nature +antiseptic, answers the same purpose as wine. Therefore, the labouring +man, whose narrow circumstances prohibit him from the advantage of a +daily use of wine, by taking with his food a sufficient quantity of salt, +and his apportioned quantity of malt liquor, retains his vigour and +strength of body equally with those whose more ample means render them +capable of acquiring the necessary quantity of wine daily. Doctor Barry +mentions an experiment made on a soldier, who was hired to live entirely +for some days on wild fowl,[3] with water only to drink; he received in +the beginning his reward and diet with great cheerfulness, but this was +soon succeeded by nausea, thirst, and disposition to putrid dysentery, +which was with some difficulty prevented from making further progress, by +the physician who made the experiment. Again, he remarks, "I knew a +person who, by the advice of his physician abstained for some years +entirely from _salt_, drank chiefly _water_, and used freely an animal +diet, and by that means acquired a violent scurvy; he was, after some +time, relieved by a strict regimen of diet and medicine, and as he +afterwards used salt and vegetables with animal food, and drank wine more +freely, never had a return of the disorder." It is therefore evident, +that a _moderate_ use of wine tends to promote health, and keeps off the +numerous train of disorders, to which the constitution of man is subject, +thereby lessening the evils incidental to human nature. We can then +exclaim with Virgil of wine, + + "Deus ille malis hominum mitescere discat." + +S.S.T. + + [3] It must be recollected that wild fowl in consequence of + their living on animal diet, give more readily a putrid + disposition to the fluids. + + * * * * * + + + +THE SKETCH-BOOK. + + * * * * * + + + +MY FIRST LOVE. + +_(For the Mirror.)_ + + +She was amiable, accomplished, fascinating, beautiful; yet her's were +beauties which description cannot heighten; fascinations which +language were vain to embellish. There was soul in her deep hazel eye as +its flashes broke through their long, dark, encircling fringe; her jetty +locks waved harmoniously, contrasting with the virgin snow of the +forehead they wreathed in glossy luxuriance, the unclouded smile played +on her lip like the zephyr over a bed of gossamer, or a sunbeam on the +cheek of Aurora. + +Scarce eleven summers had passed over my head when I first saw Annette. +She was by about three years my elder. Young, though I was, I was not +insensible; she rivetted my gaze, I felt an emotion I could not +comprehend--cannot describe--as it were love in the germ just beginning +to expand, waiting but for the genial warmth of a few summer suns to +nourish and bring it to maturity. We parted, still her image pursued me, +the recollection was sweet, and I loved to cherish it. + +Four years had elapsed; we again met. My soul thrilled with delight in +beholding, in contemplating, her perfections! How was that delight +increased when I saw her countenance shed its loveliest smiles, her eye +pour its heavenliest beams--on _me_--happy presumption--I loved. _We_ +loved; but words spoke not our love. No, each read it in the burning +glances that were reciprocated--in the spirit-breathing sighs that would +ever and anon steal forth--spite of suppression. Let me shorten the tale +of rapture. She was mine; Annette was mine--mine undividedly. SHE IS MINE +NO LONGER. Ask not the cause. I was infuriated, befooled, infatuated; my +own "hands threw the pearl away;" my own lips gave, sealed the sentence, +that robbed me for ever, ay, for ever, of a heart--a treasure, it had +been heaven to possess. SHE IS MINE NO LONGER--yet a pleasure it is, a +melancholy pleasure, how I love it, to recall those moments of refined, +of voluptuous enjoyment, my sole remaining happiness, that they _were_, +my bitterest pang, that they _are not_--moments, when amid the busy +circle--scarce could the eagle glance of surrounding observation control +the bursting emotions of the soul, or, oh, more blest--moments of +solitude--where those motions broke forth, unobserved, unrestrained. SHE +IS MINE NO LONGER. Yet Annette sleeps not in the sombre grave. A blast, +not of death, but more dire, hath scattered those hopes, too +unsubstantially fond to be realized: a chill not of the grave, but more +piercing, hath nipped those blossoms of happiness, too ethereally +delicate for earth. Still Annette lives, beautiful as ever, enchanting +as ever, lives, but for another. Stay, let me recall that word, I wrong +her; it must not, cannot be; her _heart_ is not, never shall be his; with +mine it hath lost its _one_ resting place, and like the dove, seeks not +another. Cruel fate, but I have ceased to repine--ceased to regret. + +IOTA. + + * * * * * + + + +Select Biography. + + * * * * * + + +MEMOIR OF BOLIVAR. + +_(Concluded from page 213.)_ + + +Early in 1818, the supreme chief, after concentrating his forces, marched +rapidly to Calabozo, and arrived before Morillo was aware that he had +quitted Angostura. The Spanish general effected his retreat to Aragua. +The supreme chief came up with him at La Usirrael, but could make but a +slight impression on the enemy, on account of the strength of his +position. Another rencontre occurred at Sombrero. Morillo retired to +Valencia; and Bolivar took possession of the valleys of Aragua. Thence he +detached a strong division to take San Fernando de Apure, in order to +complete the conquest of the Llanos. Upon this the Spaniards advanced. +The two armies met at Semen. Morillo was wounded, and the royalist army +put to flight. The pursuit being indiscreetly conducted by the patriots, +and a fresh royalist division arriving to support Morillo, the fortune of +the day was changed. Each party was alternately defeated, and both +rallied their dispersed corps to reengage at Ortiz. + +The division which succeeded in capturing San Fernando had an indecisive +affair at Cojedes. Others of the same character took place at El Rincon +del Toro, and other places. At the close of this campaign, the Spaniards +held Aragua, and the patriots San Fernando. Thus the former possessed the +most fertile provinces of Venezuela, and all New Granada; while the +latter were reduced to the Llanos and Guayana. Arms were sent to General +Santander, who was endeavouring to raise a division in Casanare. + +In 1819, the various corps united in San Fernando, where the supreme +chief devoted his labours to the regulation of civil affairs. He invited +the provinces to send deputies to Angostura, to form a general congress, +and then delegated his powers to a council of government to act in his +absence. + +With four or five thousand men, the supreme chief opened the campaign +against Morillo, who had six or seven thousand. Twelve hundred British +troops arrived at Margarita from England. They had been +engaged in London by Colonel English, and were equipped and sent out by +Messrs. Herring and Richardson; besides these, eight hundred others also +arrived at Angostura. The latter were engaged by Captain Elsom, and sent +out by Messrs. Hurry, Powles, and Hurry; the greater part were disbanded +soldiers from the British army, reduced on the return of the troops from +France.[4] These volunteers were equipped in the most efficient manner. +With these expeditions large supplies of spare arms were sent to assist +the cause of independence. Bolivar, in his speech to congress, thus +expresses himself on this subject:-- + + [4] Colonel Macirone also sent out above two thousand men, who + were employed in the capture of Porto Bello and Rio de la Hacha. + This caused a very favourable diversion for Bolivar in Venezuela, + as it distracted the attention of the royalists, and but for the + pusillanimous conduct of Macgregor, who commanded the expedition, + might have proved of lasting advantage. + +"For these important advantages we are indebted to the unbounded +liberality of some generous foreigners, who, hearing the groans of +suffering humanity, and seeing the cause of freedom, reason, and justice +ready to sink, would not remain quiet, but flew to our succour with their +munificent aid and protection, and furnished the republic with every +thing needful to cause their philanthropical principles to flourish. +Those friends of mankind are the guardian geniuses of America, and to +them we owe a debt of eternal gratitude, as well as a religious +fulfilment of the several obligations contracted with them." + +Bolivar, leaving the army in command of General Paez, repaired to +Angostura. As Morillo advanced, Paez, agreeable to orders, retired +towards the Orinoco, detaching a few guerillas to harass the Spaniards in +the rear. + +General Urdaneta was appointed to command the recently arrived British +legion in Margarita, which was to act on the side of Caracas, in order to +draw off the attention of Morillo from the Llanos. + +On the 15th of February, 1819, congress was installed at Angostura. The +supreme chief pronounced an eloquent discourse, and resigned his +authority. Congress immediately, and unanimously, elected him president +of the republic. + +Early in March, the president rejoined the army, which was very much +reduced by sickness. On the 27th, he defeated the vanguard of the +Spaniards. Adopting a desultory system of warfare, he obliged them to +recross the Apure, having lost half their original numbers. + +While Morillo remained in winter quarters, the president traversed the +vast plains of the Apure and Casanare, which are rendered almost +impassable by inundations from the month of May to the end of August. In +Casanare, the president formed a junction with the division of Santander, +two thousand strong. Santander had, from the commencement of the +revolution, dedicated himself with enthusiastic constancy to the cause of +his country. He now expelled the Spaniards from their formidable position +of Paya, and opened the way for the president to cross the terrific +Andes, in effecting which, nearly a fourth of his army perished from the +effects of cold and excessive fatigue. + +On the 11th of July, the president attacked the royal army at Gamarra. +After a long engagement, the Spanish general Barrero retired, and did not +again offer battle, except in positions almost inaccessible. Bonza was +invested by the patriots for some days in sight of both armies. The +president, by a flank movement, brought the Spaniards to action on the +25th of July, at Bargas. The Spaniards, though superior in numbers, and +advantageously posted, gave way, and the president obtained a complete +victory. His inferior forces, however, and the nature of the country, did +not allow him to make the most of this glorious success; but he obtained +a thousand recruits, and marched to interpose between the defeated +Barrero and the viceroy Samano, who, with all the disposable force south +of Bogota, was about to support Barrero. The result of the president's +daring and masterly movement was the battle of Boyaca, fought on the 7th +of August, and which has been called the _birth of Colombia_. In this +battle, the English troops, under the command of Major Mackintosh, +greatly distinguished themselves. The gallant major was promoted by the +liberator on the field. In three days afterwards the president entered +Bogota in triumph, and, within a short period, eleven provinces of New +Granada announced their adhesion to the cause of independence. + +Bolivar repaired to Angostura, where he once more resigned his authority +to the representatives of the people, and laid on their floor the +trophies of the last campaign. On the 25th of December, 1819, congress, +at the suggestion of the president, decreed that thenceforth Venezuela +and New Granada should form one republic, under the denomination of +COLOMBIA. At the same time it conferred upon Bolivar the title of +LIBERATOR OF COLOMBIA, and re-elected him president of the republic. + +In March, 1820, he arrived at Bogota, and occupied himself until August +in the organization of the army cantoned at various points between +Cucuta and San Fernando de Apure. + +The Spanish revolution, which originated in the Isla de Leon, inspired +the South Americans with new hopes. These were raised still higher by the +solicitude of Morillo to negotiate an armistice; but Bolivar, refusing to +treat upon any other basis than that of independence, marched to the +department of the Magdalena, reviewed the besieging force before +Carthagena, and reinforced the division of the south, destined to act +against Popayan and Quito. The president drove the Spaniards from the +provinces of Merida and Truxillo, and established his winter headquarters +at the latter town. On the 26th of November, the president concluded an +armistice of six months with Morillo, who engaged that, on the renewal of +hostilities, the war should be carried on, conformably to the practice of +civilized nations. + +In the beginning of the year 1821, the liberator went to Bogota, to +attend to the affairs of the south; when hearing of the arrival at +Caracas of Spanish commissioners to treat for peace, he returned to +Truxillo; but no terms were then agreed upon. In the meanwhile, the +province of Maracaybo shook off the Spanish yoke. Morillo having departed +for Europe, General La Torre, a brave and very superior man, succeeded to +the command of the royal army, and made strong remonstrances against the +movement in the province of Maracaybo, which he deemed an infraction of +the armistice, and hostilities in consequence recommenced. The liberator +concentrated his forces in Varinas; he detached a division to the coast +under General Urdaneta, and another to the east, under General Bermudez, +to divide the attention of the enemy, and marched himself against +Caracas. On the 24th of June, the liberator attacked and defeated the +Spaniards, who had taken up a strong position at Carabobo. The numbers on +both sides were nearly equal. This battle decided the fate of Colombia. +The victorious liberator entered Caracas on the 29th. On the 2nd of July, +La Guayra also surrendered to him. + +Leaving a besieging division before Puerto Cabello, the liberator went to +Cucuta, where he resigned once more the office of president of the +republic, which, in admiration of his disinterestedness, instantly +re-elected him. + +When the province of Guayaquil declared itself independent, it solicited +the assistance of Bolivar against the Spaniards in Quito. A small +division was accordingly sent there. + +The liberator, having signed the constitution sanctioned by congress, +obtained leave to direct the war in the south. In January, 1822, he put +himself at the head of the army in Popayan, and sent a reinforcement to +General Sucre in Guayaquil. + +In the month of March, the liberator moved against the province of Pasto, +the inhabitants of which country are surpassed in bravery by no people in +the world, but who adhered with blind attachment to the ancient regime. +The liberator, having overcome the obstacles presented by nature in the +valleys of Patia, and the formidable river Guanabamba, arrived in front +of Bombona. The _Pastusos_ (inhabitants of the province of Pasto) had +here taken up a strong position, supported by the Spanish troops. They +were vigorously attacked; but every charge made in front was repulsed. It +was not until the rifle battalion, commanded by the able Colonel Sands, +outflanked the _Pastusos_, that victory declared for Bolivar; but his +army had suffered so severely, that, instead of immediately following up +the fugitives through a hostile country, it fell back a short distance. + +Whilst these operations were going on, Sucre liberated the provinces of +Loja and Cuenca, and, on the 24th of May, gained the victory of +Pinchincha, which gave independence to Quito. In the same year Carthagena +and Cumana, surrendered to the liberating forces in Venezuela. + +The liberator entered Quito on the 16th of June. His attention was soon +attracted to the discontents which had arisen at Guayaquil, where the +Colombians had become unpopular. His excellency proceeded to that town, +and, under his auspices, the provisional government annexed the province +to Colombia. + +One of the results of the interview which took place between the +protector of Peru and the liberator of Colombia was the sending of an +auxiliary force of two thousand Colombians to Lima; but the junta, which +proceeded to the protectorate, ordered the Colombian troops to return to +Guayaquil. The president Riva Aguero, who succeeded to the junta, applied +for an auxiliary Colombian division of six thousand men, and invited +Bolivar to take the command of all the military forces in Peru. The +Colombian troops were sent to Lima. General Bolivar obtained leave from +the congress at Bogota to go to Peru--the grand scene of his subsequent +triumphs. + +The person of Bolivar is thin, and somewhat below the middle size. He +dresses in good taste, and has an easy military walk. He is a very bold +rider, and capable of undergoing great fatigue. His manners are good, and +his address unaffected, but not very prepossessing. It is said that, in +his youth, he was rather handsome. His complexion is sallow; his hair, +originally very black, is now mixed with gray. His eyes are dark and +penetrating, but generally downcast, or turned askance, when he speaks; +his nose is well formed, his forehead high and broad, the lower part of +the face is sharp; the expression of the countenance is careworn, +lowering, and sometimes rather fierce. His temper, spoiled by adulation, +is fiery and capricious. His opinions of men and things are variable. He +is rather prone to personal abuse, but makes ample amends to those who +will put up with it. Towards such his resentments are not lasting. He is +a passionate admirer of the fair sex, but jealous to excess. He is fond +of waltzing, and is a very quick, but not a very graceful dancer. His +mind is of the most active description. When not more stirringly +employed, he is always reading, dictating letters, &c., or conversing. +His voice is loud and harsh, but he speaks eloquently on most subjects. +His reading has been principally confined to French authors; hence the +Gallic idioms so common in his productions. He is an _impressive_ writer, +but his style is vitiated by an affectation of grandeur. Speaking so well +as he does, it is not wonderful that he should be more fond of hearing +himself talk than of listening to others, and apt to engross conversation +in the society he receives. He entertains numerously, and no one has more +skilful cooks, or gives better dinners; but he is himself so very +abstemious, in both eating and drinking, that he seldom takes his place +at his own table until the repast is nearly over, having probably dined +in private upon a plain dish or two. He is fond of giving toasts, which +he always prefaces in the most eloquent and appropriate manner; and his +enthusiasm is so great, that he frequently mounts his chair, or the +table, to propose them. Although the cigar is almost universally used in +South America, Bolivar never smokes, nor does he permit smoking in his +presence. He is never without proper officers in waiting, and keeps up a +considerable degree of etiquette. Disinterested in the extreme with +regard to pecuniary affairs, he is insatiably covetous of fame. Bolivar +invariably speaks of England, of her institutions, and of her great men, +in terms of admiration. He often dwells with great warmth upon the +constancy, fidelity, and sterling merit of the English officers who have +served in the cause of independence, under every varying event of the +war. A further proof of his predilection towards England is that he has +always had upon his personal staff a number of British subjects. + +--_Memoirs of General Miller_. + + * * * * * + + + +Fine Arts. + + * * * * * + + + +EXHIBITIONS AT THE BAZAAR, + +_Oxford Street_. + +THE BRITISH DIORAMA. + + +On Saturday, the 11th, there was a private view of four new pictures, by +Stanfield and Roberts, at this very interesting lounge. They consist of + +1. _The City of York, with the Minster on fire_--a picturesque view of +the cathedral, with a mimic display of the conflagration, the accuracy of +which will make the property-man of the Opera tremble. + +2. _The Temple of Apollinopolis, in Egypt_, a magnificent picture of +Egyptian architecture--"noble in decay." The splendid leaved capitals of +the pillars reminded us of the following, which we had that morning read +in the _Journal of a Naturalist_:--"No portion of creation," says the +author, "has been resorted to by mankind with more success for the +ornament and decoration of their labours, than the vegetable world. The +rites, emblems, and mysteries of religion; national achievements, +eccentric marks, and the capricious visions of fancy, have all been +wrought by the hand of the sculptor, on the temple, the altar, or the +tomb; but plants, their foliage, flowers, or fruits, as the most +graceful, varied, and pleasing objects that meet our view, have been more +universally the object of design, and have supplied the most beautiful, +and perhaps the earliest, embellishments of art. The pomegranate, the +almond, and flowers, were selected even in the wilderness, and by divine +appointment, to give form to the sacred utensils; the rewards of merit, +the wreath of the victor, were arboraceous; in later periods, the +acanthus, the ivy, the lotus, the vine, the palm, and the oak, flourished +under the chisel, or beneath the loom of the artist; and in modern days, +the vegetable world affords the almost exclusive decorations of ingenuity +and art." + +3. _Entrance to the Village of Virex, in Italy_--a pleasing picture of +what may be termed _an architectural village_; for some of the dwellings +almost approach to palaces, and others have a conventual character, which +harmonizes with the sublime beauties of nature which rise around them. + +4. _Interior of St. Saveur, in Normandy._ As an architectural picture we +are not disposed to rate this so highly as the two preceding. + +The alternations of light and shade are admirably managed in all of them, +among which a flood of light streaming through one of the cathedral +windows will be much admired. The size of each picture is 70 feet by +50--and the four may be seen for _one shilling!_ + +Below stairs, the fine group from Reubens's Descent from the Cross, and +Albert Durer's Carvings of the Life of the Virgin Mary, still continue +open. + +Another exhibition, _Trepado, or Cut-Paper Work_, to use a vulgar phrase, +"cut out" all the work of the kind we have ever seen. We have a sister +very ingenious in these matters; but her productions, compared with the +cuttings of the Oxford-street Bazaar, are as John Nash with Michael +Angelo. These cuttings are in imitation of Line Engraving, comprising +sixteen pictures, cut with scissars, among which are the Lord's +Supper--Conversion of St. Paul--The Battle of Alexander--A Portrait of +his Majesty George IV., &c. They are almost the counterfeit presentment +of pencil-drawings, such as Varley and Brookman and Langdon could not +excel. Yet these are cut with scissars! A greater exercise of patience, +to say the least of it, we scarcely know. Every one who wishes to cut a +figure in the world ought to learn this art; and certain fair cutters may +by this means spread even stronger meshes than these paper nets. We mean +to see them again, although we have too many _cuttings_ to make for the +gratification of our readers to allow us to enter into the _Trepado_ +study _con amore_--and so with this recommendation, we _cut_ the subject. +We, however, expect to meet scores of our Easter friends in the Bazaar; +and there is no similar establishment in London where so much may be seen +for so little money. + +The Bazaar has lately been extended for a suite of rooms for the +exhibition of Household Furniture, for sale. There are already several +handsome specimens--many of them fit for the splendid palaces building in +the Regent's Park. If the reader be one of those who "meditate on +muffineers and plan pokers," he will enjoy this part of the Bazaar. In +all the Parisian bazaars, there is an abundance of _meubles_ and you get +accommodated with a newspaper and a chair, as the Street-publishers say, +"for the small charge of one penny:" might it not be so here, or is an +Englishman obliged to read and drink (not think) at the same time? + +The counters of the Bazaar are abundantly stocked with _bijouterie_ and +nic-nacs, the _Nouveautes de Paris_ and Spitalfields--Canton in China, +and Leatherlane in Holborn--toy-carts for children, and fleecy hosiery +for old folks--puffs and pastry, and the last new song--inkstands, +taper-lights, pen-wipers, perfumed sealing-wax, French hair-paper, +curling-wheels--and all the fair ammunition of love and madness. If you +leave your purse at home, or, what is worse, if you have left your money, +you know not where, remember Bishop Berkley, and console yourself with +the reflection that all these things were made for your enjoyment, and +that all around are striving to please you. This will be no trifling +source of pleasure--it will fill your head and fill your heart with +joy--leave the _pockets_ to grosser minds. + + * * * * * + + +SOCIETY OF BRITISH ARTISTS, SUFFOLK-STREET, PALL-MALL, EAST. + +_By a Correspondent_. + + +The sixth exhibition of this society is now open to the public, and the +display of talent fully equals, or, perhaps, excels, that of former +seasons. The society, since its commencement, has realized twelve +thousand pounds from the sale of the works of British artists, who, thus +stimulated by the disposal of their performances, have exerted their +utmost ability in contributing specimens of their art to the present +exhibition. We can, however, only notice a few of those artists who have +been particularly successful; our limits not allowing us to extend +justice to _all_. + +The most splendid painting in the gallery is No. 7, _The Departure of the +Israelites out of Egypt_, by Mr. Roberts. In the performance of this +work, the painter has evidently endeavoured to imitate Martin's +compositions. The picture, viewed at a little distance, is certainly +grand and imposing; on a near inspection, however, we look in vain for +the exquisite finish, and the characteristic expression so universally +admired in Mr. Martin's works. We advise Mr. Roberts, if he pursues this +class of painting, to unite finish with his bold effects--for attention +in this respect will prove the _denouement_ of his pictures. No. 188, +_Erle Stoke Park, the seat of G. Watson Taylor, Esq. M.P._ by Mr. +Stanfield, is a very delightful picture, being remarkably chaste and +clear in the colouring. No. 404, _Mattock High Tor_, by Mr. Hotland, and +No. 440, _A Party crossing the Alps_, by Mr. Egerton, are works of high +merit; as are the performances of Messrs. Wilson, Blake, Glover,[5] +Knight, Nasmyth, Farrier, Gill, Novice, Stevens, Turner, Holmes, and +Pidding. + + [5] _Apropos_, three are twenty-three pictures by this gentleman + in the gallery. + +The engravings and sculpture are likewise very creditable to the +institution this season. Mr. Quilly has executed an excellent print from +Stanfield's fine picture, _The Wreckers_, which was exhibited last year +at the British Institution. + +Among the busts in the sculpture-room we notice those of Lord Eldon, Sir +F. Burdett, Sir H. Davy, the late Lord Bishop of Salisbury, &c. + +G.W.N. + + * * * * * + + + +SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS. + + * * * * * + + +(_Concluded from, page 254_.) + + +"_N'importe!_" exclaimed Stubbs, gaily; "there are more admirers, in this +world, of the ridiculous than of the true, that let me tell you. But I +must to my studies, for the night approaches. Next Monday--and this is +Thursday--and I am by no means _au fait_ yet in my part. So good +morning--let me see you soon again--and meanwhile adieu! adieu! remember +me!" + +Mr. M'Crab departed; and Mr. Henry Augustus Constantine Stubbs prepared +to go through the soliloquy of "To be--or not to be," before a mirror +which reflected the whole of his person. + +Monday came, and oh! with what a flutter of delight Mr. Stubbs cast his +eyes upon that part of the paper, where the play for the evening was +announced, and where he read, "_This evening will be acted the tragedy of +Hamlet: the part of Hamlet by a gentleman, his first appearance on any +stage._" + + * * * * * + +His carriage was at the door--and he told the coachman to drive down ---- +street, that he might see in passing along, whether the crowd at the pit +and gallery doors, would obstruct his progress. It was not quite so large +as to stretch across the carriage road; but he was sure there were some +hundreds, though so early, and he thought they must have heard who the +"gentleman" was, that was then rolling by. He would not be positive, too; +but he could almost swear he heard an huzza, as he passed along. There +were above a dozen persons collected round the stage door; and he plainly +perceived that _they_ drew back with respectful admiration, as the new +Hamlet stepped out of his carriage. + +He hastened to his dressing-room, where he found his friend, the manager, +Mr. Peaess, who shook him by the hand, as he informed him that they had +an excellent box-book. Stubbs smiled graciously; and the manager left him +with his dresser, to attire himself in his "customary suit of solemn +black." Mr. Stubbs had kept his intention of stuffing the character a +profound secret, fearful lest any technical objections should be made by +Mr. Peaess, and desirous also of making the first impression in the +green-room. When he entered it, therefore, in the likeness of a chubby +undertaker, ready for a funeral, rather than in that of the "unmatched +form and feature of blown youth"--in short, the very type and image of +poor Tokely in _Peter Pastoral_,--his eyes and ears were on the alert to +catch the look of surprise, and buzz of admiration, which he very +naturally anticipated. He was a little daunted by a suppressed titter +which ran round the room; but he was utterly confounded when his best and +dearest friend, Mr. Peaess himself, coming up to him exclaimed,--"Why, +zounds! Mr. Stubbs, what have you been doing? By ----, the audience will +never stand this." + +"Stand what?" replied Henry Augustus Constantine Stubbs. + +"What!" echoed the manager; "why this pot-belly, and those cherub +cheeks." + +"Pooh! pooh!" replied Stubbs, "it's Shakspeare's, and I can prove it." + +"You may pooh! pooh! as much as you like, Mr. Stubbs," rejoined the +manager; "but, by ----, you've made a mere apple-dumpling of yourself." + +"Do you think so," exclaimed Stubbs, glancing in one of the +mirrors--"Well; I do assure you it is Shakspeare, and I'll prove it. But +what shall I do?" and he looked imploringly round upon the broad, +grinning countenances of the other performers. + +"Do?" ejaculated Mr. Peaess; "you can do nothing now--the curtain has +been up these ten minutes; Horatio and Marcellus are coming off, and you +must go on." + +At this moment the ghost of Hamlet's father entered the room, but before +he had time to look upon his son, the call-boy's summons was heard for +the King, Queen, Hamlet, Polonius, Laertes, &c., to be ready, and forth +sallied poor Mr. Henry Augustus Constantine Stubbs, to prove, if he +could, to the audience, that his rotundity was perfectly Shakspearian. + +The awful flourish of drum and trumpet was sounded;--their majesties of +Denmark, attended by their train of courtiers, walked on. There is a +pause! All eyes are bent in eager gaze to catch the first glimpse of the +new Hamlet--all hands are ready to applaud. He appears--boxes, pit, and +gallery, join in the generous welcome of the unknown candidate. He +revives--hastens to the foot-lights--bows--another round of +applause--bows again--and again--and then falls back, to let the business +of the scene proceed. He looks round, meanwhile, with the swelling +consciousness that he is that moment "the observed of all observers," and +tries to rally his agitated spirits; but just as he is beginning to do +so, his wandering eye rests upon the ill-omened face of M'Crab, seated in +the front-row of the stage-box, who is gazing at him with a grotesque +smile, which awakens an overwhelming recollection of his own prediction, +that he "would be horribly laughed at, if he did make Hamlet a fat little +fellow," as well as a bewildering reminiscence of the manager's, that, +"by ----, the audience would not stand it." + +It was soon evident they would not, or rather that they could not stand +it. But it was not alone his new reading in what regarded the person of +Hamlet, that excited astonishment. Mr. Stubbs had so many other new +readings, that before he got to the end of his first speech, beginning +with, "Seems, madam! nay, it is," they were satisfied of what was to +follow. When, however, Mr. Stubbs stood alone upon the stage, in the full +perfection of his figure, and concentrated upon himself the undivided +attention of the house--when he gathered up his face into an +indescribable aspect of woe--but, above all, when, placing his two hands +upon his little round belly, he exclaimed, while looking sorrowfully at +it, + + "Oh, that this too, too solid flesh would melt, + (Pat, went the right hand,) + Thaw, and resolve itself into a dew," + (Pat, went the left hand,) + +the effect was irresistible. One roar of laughter shook the theatre, from +the back row of the shilling gallery to the first row of the pit, mingled +with cries of _bravo! bravo! go on, my little fellow--you shall have fair +play--silence--bravo! silence!_--Stubbs, meanwhile, looked as if he were +really wondering what they were all laughing at; and when at length +silence was partially restored, he continued his soliloquy. His delivery +of the lines, + + "Fye on't oh fye! 'tis an unweeded garden + That grown to seed: things rank and gross in nature," &c. + +was one of his new readings--for holding up his finger, and looking +towards the audience with a severe expression of countenance, it appeared +as though he were chiding their ill manners in laughing at him, when he +said, "Fye on't--oh, fye!" + +He was allowed to proceed, however, with such interruptions only as his +own original conceptions of the part provoked from time to time; or when +any thing he had to say was obviously susceptible of an application to +himself. Thus, for example, in the scene with Horatio and Marcellus, +after his interview with the ghost:-- + + _"Ham_. And now, good friends, + As you are friends, scholars, and soldiers, + Give me one poor request. + + _Hor_. What is it, my lord? We will. + + _Ham. Never make known what you have seen to-night."_ + +"Let him, if he likes," exclaimed a voice from the pit--"he'll never see +such a sight again."--Then, in his instructions to the players, his +delivery of them was accompanied by something like the following running +commentary: + +"Speak the speech, I pray you, as I pronounced it to you, (_that is +impossible!_) trippingly on the tongue: but if you mouth it, as many of +our players do, (_laughter_,) I had as lief the town-crier spoke my +lines. * * * Oh, it offends me to the soul, to hear a robustious, +periwig-pated fellow (_like yourself_) tear a passion to tatters, &c.--I +would have such a fellow whipped (_give it him, he deserves it_) for +o'erdoing Termagant. * * * Oh, there be players that I have seen play, +(_no, we see him,_) and heard others praise, and that highly, (_oh! oh! +oh!_) not to speak it profanely, that, having neither the accent of +Christians, (_ha! ha! ha!_) nor the gait of Christian, Pagan, nor man, +have so strutted (_bravo! little 'un!_) and bellowed, (_hit him again!_) +that I have thought some of nature's journeymen had made men, (_who made +you?_) and not made them well, (_no, you are a bad fit_,) they imitated +humanity so abominably." (_Roars of laughter_.) + +It was thus Mr. Henry Augustus Constantine Stubbs enacted Hamlet; and it +was not till the end of the fourth act that he suffered a single +observation to escape him, which indicated he thought any thing was +amiss. Then, indeed, while sitting in the green-room, and as if the idea +had just struck him, he said to Mr. Peaess, "Do you know, I begin to +think I have some enemies in the house, for when, in the scene with +Ophelia, I said, 'What should such fellows as I do crawling between earth +and heaven?' somebody called out, loud enough for me to hear him, 'Ay! +what, indeed?' It's very odd. Did you notice it, ma'am?" he continued +addressing the lady who performed Ophelia. "I can't say I did," replied +the lady, biting her lips most unmercifully, to preserve her gravity of +countenance. + +This was the only remark made by the inimitable Mr. Stubbs during the +whole evening, and he went through the fifth act with unabated +self-confidence. His dying scene was honoured with thunders of applause, +and loud cries of _encore_. Stubbs raised his head, and looking at +Horatio, who was bending over him, inquired, "Do you think they mean it?" + +"Lie still, for God's sake!" exclaimed Horatio, and the curtain slowly +descended amid deafening roars of laughter, and shouts of hurrah! hurrah! + +The next morning, at breakfast, Stubbs found all the daily papers on his +table, pursuant to his directions. He took up one, and read, in large +letters--"THEATRE. FIRST AND LAST APPEARANCE OF MR. HENRY AUGUSTUS +CONSTANTINE STUBBS IN HAMLET." + +He read no more. The paper dropped from his hands; and Mr. Stubbs +remained nothing but a GENTLEMAN all the rest of his life--_Blackwood's +Mag_. + + * * * * * + + +LINES WRITTEN AT WARWICK CASTLE.[6] + +BY CHARLES BADHAM, M.D. F.R.S. + +_Professor of Medicine in the University of Glasgow_. + + + I. + + I leave thee, Warwick, and thy precincts grey, + Amidst a thousand winters still the same, + Ere tempests rend thy last sad leaves away, + And from thy bowers the native rock reclaim; + Crisp dews now glitter on the joyless field, + The gun's red disk now sheds no parting rays, + And through thy trophied hall the burnished shield + Disperses wide the swiftly mounting blaze. + + II. + + Thy pious paladins from Jordan's shore, + And all thy steel-clad barons are at rest; + Thy turrets sound to warder's tread no more; + Beneath their brow the dove hath hung her nest; + High on thy beams the harmless falchion shines; + No stormy trumpet wakes thy deep repose; + Past are the days that, on the serried lines + Around thy walls, saw the portcullis close. + + III. + + The bitter feud was quell'd, the culverin + No longer flash'd, us blighting mischief round, + But many an age was on those ivies green, + Ere Taste's calm eye had scann'd the gifted ground; + Bade the fair path o'er glade or woodland stray, + Bade Avon's swans through new Rialtos glide, + Forced through the rock its deeply channell'd way, + And threw, to Arts of peace, the portals wide. + + IV. + + But most to Her, whose light and daring hand + Can swiftly follow Fancy's wildest dream! + All times and nations in whose presence stand, + All that creation owns, her boundless theme! + And with her came the maid of Attic stole, + Untaught of dazzling schools the gauds to prize, + Who breathes in purest forms her calm control, + Heroic strength, and grace that never dies! + + + V. + + Ye that have linger'd o'er each form divine, + Beneath the vault of Rome's unsullied sky, + Or where Bologna's cloister'd walls enshrine + Her martyr Saint--her mystic Rosary-- + Of Arragon the hapless daughter view! + Scan, for ye may, that fine enamel near! + Such Catherine was, thus Leonardo drew-- + Discern ye not the "Jove of painters" here? + + + VI. + + Discern ye not the mighty master's power + In yon devoted Saint's uplifted eye? + That clouds the brow and bids already lour + O'er the First Charles the shades of sorrows nigh? + That now on furrow'd front of Rembrandt gleams, + Now breathes the rose of life and beauty there, + In the soft eye of Henrietta dreams, + And fills with fire the glance of Gondomar? + + + VII. + + Here to Salvator's solemn pencil true, + Huge oaks swing rudely in the mountain blast; + Here grave Poussin on gloomy canvass threw + The lights that steal from clouds of tempest past; + And see! from Canaletti's glassy wave, + Like Eastern mosques, patrician Venice rise; + Or marble moles that rippling waters lave, + Where Claude's warm sunsets tinge Italian skies! + + + VIII. + + Nor let the critic frown such themes arraign, + Here sleep the mellow lyre's enchanting keys; + Here the wrought table's darkly polish'd plain, + Proffers light lore to much-enduring ease; + Enamelled clocks here strike the silver bell; + Here Persia spreads the web of many dies; + Around, on silken couch, soft cushions swell, + That Stambol's viziers proud might not despise. + + + IX. + + The golden lamp here sheds its pearly light, + Within the cedar'd panels, dusky pale; + No mirror'd walls the wandering glance invite, + No gauzy curtains drop the misty veil. + And there the vista leads of lessening doors, + And there the summer sunset's golden gleam + Along the line of darkling portrait pours, + And warms the polish'd oak or ponderous beam. + + + X. + + Hark! from the depths beneath that proud saloon + The water's moan comes fitful and subdued, + Where in mild glory yon triumphant moon + Smiles on the arch that nobly spans the flood-- + And here have kings and hoary statesmen gazed, + When spring with garlands deck'd the vale below, + Or when the waning year had lightly razed + The banks where Avon's lingering fountains flow. + + + XI. + + And did no minstrel greet the courtly throng? + Did no fair flower of English loveliness + On timid lute sustain some artless song, + Her meek brow bound with smooth unbraided tress? + For Music knew not yet the stately guise, + Content with simplest notes to touch the soul, + Not from her choirs as when loud anthems rise, + Or when she bids orchestral thunders roll! + + + XII. + + Here too the deep and fervent orison + Hath matron whisper'd for her absent lord, + Peril'd in civil wars, that shook the throne, + When every hand in England, clench'd the sword:-- + And here, as tales and chronicles agree, + If tales and chronicles be deem'd sincere, + Fair Warwick's heiress smiled at many a plea + Of puissant Thane, or Norman cavalier. + + + XIII. + + Or dost thou sigh for theme of classic lore + Midst arms and moats, and battlements and towers? + Behold the Vase! that, erst on Anio's shore, + Hath found a splendid home in Warwick's bowers: + To British meads ere yet the Saxon came, + The pomp of senates swept its pedestal, + And kings of many an Oriental name + Have seen its shadow, and are perish'd all! + + + XIV. + + Haply it stood on that illustrious ground + Where circling columns once, in sculptur'd pride, + With fine volute or wreath'd acanthus crown'd, + Rear'd some light roof by Anio's plunging tide; + There, in the brightness of the votive fane + To rural or to vintage gods addrest, + Those vine clad symbols of Pan's peaceful reign + Amidst dark pines their sacred seats possess'd. + + + XV. + + Or, did it break with soft and silvery shower + The silence of some marble solitude, + Where Adrian, at the fire fly's glittering hour, + Of rumour'd worlds to come the doubts review'd? + Go mark his tomb!--in that sepulchral mole + Scowls the fell bandit:--from its towering height + Old Tiber's flood reflects the girandole, + Midst bells, and shouts, and rockets' arrowy flight! + + + XVI. + + Warwick, farewell! Long may thy fortunes stand, + And sires of sires hold rule within thy walls, + Thy streaming banners to the breeze expand, + And the heart's griefs pass lightly o'er thy halls! + May happier bards, on Avon's sedgy shore, + Sustain on nobler lyre thy poet's vow, + And all thy future lords (what can they more?) + Wear the green laurels of thy fame, as now! + + [6] These lines will form a beautiful pendant to the picturesque + Engraving of WARWICK CASTLE, in No. 357 of the MIRROR--as well as + to the very interesting antiquarian description by our esteemed + correspondent _L.L._ + +NOTES. + +One of the towers of Warwick Castle is complimented with the name of +Guy's Tower; certain ponderous armour and utensils preserved in the lodge +are also attributed to Guy; nobody, in short, thinks of Guy without +Warwick, or of Warwick without Guy; "Arms and the Man" ought to have been +emblazoned on the castle banner; and why should I hesitate to say, that +one of the most amiable of children perpetuates the heroic name within +its walls? Had this renowned adventurer been ambitious of patriarchal +honours, his descendants might have extended the ancestral renown, and +have furnished many a ballad of those good old times; but when the Saxon +Ulysses had returned from his pilgrimage to Jerusalem, and made an end of +Colbrand and the Dun Cow, his fancy was to take alms in disguise from his +own fair lady, at his own castle gate, and then retire (_tous les gouts +sont respectables_) to a certain hole or cave called Guy's Cliff, where +he amused himself (in the intervals of rheumatism) for the rest of his +natural life in counting his beads and ruminating on his sins, which, as +he was a great traveller and a hero, might have been considerable. + + +STANZA III. + +The following interesting passage is copied from a book of ordinary +occurrence, in which it is cited without stating the authority. It is +more than doubtful if any other nobleman in the kingdom, at that time or +since, has projected or executed so much on his own property as the late +Earl of Warwick:-- + +"I purchased a magnificent collection of pictures by Vandyke, Rubens, &c. +The marbles are not equalled, perhaps, in the kingdom. I made a noble +approach to the castle through a solid rock, built a porter's lodge, and +founded a library full of books, some valuable and scarce, all well +chosen. I made an armoury, and built walls round the court and pleasure +gardens. I built a noble green-house, and filled it with beautiful +plants. I placed in it a vase, considered the finest remain of Grecian +art, for its size and beauty. I made a noble lake, from 3 to 600 feet +broad, and a mile long. I planted trees, now worth 100,000l., besides +100 acres of ash. I built a stone bridge of 105 feet in span, every stone +from 2,000 to 3,800 lbs in weight. The weight of the first tier on the +centre was estimated at 1,000 tons. I gave the bridge to the town with no +toll on it. I will not enumerate a great many other things done by me. +Let Warwick Castle speak for itself." + +STANZA X. + +There is a _feeling of respect_ inspired by ancient buildings of +importance. Such a castle as Warwick, which has lodged a succession of +generations of the most opposite characters--at one time the "dulcis et +quieti animi vir, et qui, cougruo suis moribus studio, vitam egit et +clausit;" at another by the assassin of Piers de Gaveston, the king's +favourite, "whose head he cut off upon Blacklow Hill, and gave the friars +preachers the charge of his body, inasmuch as he had called the said earl +the Black Dog of Arderne"--is not to be approached as one visits a +handsome stone house of Palladian architecture!--such a house we know can +never have been the scene either of council or conspiracy; within such +walls there can never have been "latens odium inter regem et proceres, et +praesecipue inter comitem de Warwick et adhaerentes ejusdem." + +As to the river and its swans. I have learned from the bard to whom it +has been long since consecrated, (although he may not have had the right +of fishing in it when alive,) that "discretion is the better part of +valour." + +If I were to describe the walks, I should only say that they were +contrived, as all walks ought to be, to let in the sun or to shut him out +by turns. Here you rejoice in the fulness of his meridian strength, and +here in the shadows of various depth and intensity, which a well disposed +and happily contrasted sylvan population knows how to effect. The +senatorial oak, the spreading sycamore, the beautiful plane, (which I +never see without recollecting the channel of the Asopus and the woody +sides of Oeta,) the aristocratic pine running up in solitary stateliness +till it equal the castle turrets--all these, and many more, are admirably +intermingled and contrasted, in plantations which establish, as every +thing in and about the castle does, the consummate taste of the late +earl, although it must be admitted he had the finest subjects to work +upon, from the happy disposition of the ground. I shall never forget the +first time I walked over them; a pheasant occasionally shifting his +quarters at my intrusion, and making his noisy way through an ether so +clear, so pure, so motionless, that the broad leaves subsided, rather +than fell to the ground, without the least disturbance; the tall grey +chimneys just breathing their smoke upon the blue element, which they +scarcely stained; every green thing was beginning to wear the colour of +decay, and many a tint of yellow, deepening into orange, made me sensible +that "there be tongues in trees," if not "good in every thing." But +Montaigne says nothing is useless, _not even inutility itself_. + +STANZA XIII. + +This superb work of antiquity must indeed be seen, to be sufficiently +estimated: the great failure of that branch of the fine arts which is +employed to represent all the rest, is in the inadequate idea of size +which it must necessarily give where the objects to be represented are +large. + +The marble vases now extant are, of course, comparatively few in number, +and this is, perhaps, excepting the Medicean, the finest of them all. The +best representations of it are those in Piranesi, three in number. One +great, and conspicuous beauty of this vase consists in the elegantly +formed handles, and in the artful insertion of the extreme branches of +the vine-stems which compose them, into its margin, where they throw off +a rich embroidery of leaves and fruit. A lion's skin, with the head and +claws attached, form a sort of drapery, and the introduction of the +thyrsus, the lituus, and three bacchanalian masks on each side, complete +the embellishments. The capacity of this vase is 103 gallons, its +diameter 9 feet, its pedestal of course modern. It was discovered in +1770, in the draining of a mephitic lake within the enclosure of the +Villa Adriana, called Laga di Pantanello. Lord Warwick had reason to be +proud of his vase, which had this peculiarity, that, whereas almost every +other object of art in the kingdom has been catalogued and sold over and +over again, this vase passed (after a sufficiently long parenthesis of +time) _immediately from the gardens of Adrian to his own!_ + +_Blackwood's Magazine._ + + * * * * * + + + +Manners & Customs of all Nations. + + * * * * * + + + +HEAVING. + +_(For the Mirror.)_ + + +They have a ludicrous custom in Staffordshire, at Easter, which they call +heaving. The males claim Easter Monday, and the females Tuesday, and on +this day a group of the latter assemble, and every male they meet with +they seize, and one of them salutes him with a kiss, after which they all +lay hold of him and heave him up as high as they can, for this they +require some donation, which, if refused, they will seize his hat, +handkerchief, or any thing they can lay hold of. This lasts till twelve +o'clock. Sometimes old women collect together, and then woe be to the +person who does not present them with a trifle, and thus stop their +proceedings; for if not, their snuffy beaks might come in contact with +their prisoners' lips. They often collect 10 or 12s. and spend it in +carousing at night. + +W.H. + + * * * * * + + +CONVICTS IN NEW SOUTH WALES. + + +The regular hours of work are from sun-rise to sun-set; but so few +settlers get up to see that this time is kept, that a much shorter period +is generally employed in labour. The expense of maintaining a convict is +rather a difficult calculation: where there are many men, they are, of +course, supported at much less per man than where there are but few, from +being able to buy slop clothes, tea, and the other necessaries, at +wholesale prices, of the importing merchant. The waste, also, made by the +convicts in their meat, &c. is a serious consideration: the head and +entrails of animals slaughtered for their use, and which an English +labourer would be glad of, are thrown away as only fit for the dogs; +nothing but the body and legs are deemed sufficiently good for these +dainty characters. Taking all expenses into consideration, I think that +from 25l. to 30l. per man may be estimated as the annual +cost--_Widowson's Present State of Van Dieman's Land_. + + * * * * * + + +THROWING STONES AT THE DEVIL. + + +On arriving at Wady Muna, each nation encamped upon the spot which custom +has assigned to it, at every returning Hadj. After disposing of the +baggage, the hadjys hastened to the ceremony of throwing stones at the +devil. It is said that, when Abraham or Ibrahim returned from the +pilgrimage to Arafat, and arrived at Wady Muna, the devil Eblys presented +himself before him at the entrance of the valley, to obstruct his +passage; when the angel Gabriel, who accompanied the patriarch, advised +him to throw stones at him, which he did, and after pelting him seven +times, Eblys retired. When Abraham reached the middle of the valley, he +again appeared before him, and, for the last time, at its western +extremity, and was both times repulsed by the same number of stones. +According to Azraky, the Pagan Arabs, in commemoration of this tradition, +used to cast stones in this valley as they returned from the pilgrimage; +and setup seven idols at Muna, of which there was one in each of the +three spots where the devil appeared, at each of which they cast three +stones. Mohammed, who made this ceremony one of the chief duties of the +hadjys, increased the number of stones to seven. At the entrance of the +valley, towards Mezdelfe, stands a rude stone pillar, or rather altar, +between six or seven feet high, in the midst of the street, against which +the first seven stones are thrown, as the place where the devil made his +first stand: towards the middle of the valley is a similar pillar, and at +its western end a wall of stones, which is made to serve the same +purpose. The hadjys crowded in rapid succession round the first pillar, +called "Djamrat el Awla;" and every one threw seven small stones +successively upon it; they then passed to the second and third spots +(called "Djamrat el Owsat," and "Djamrat el Sofaly," or "el Akaba," or +"el Aksa,") where the same ceremony was repeated. In throwing the stones, +they are to exclaim, "In the name of God; God is great (we do this) to +secure ourselves from the devil and his troops." The stones used for +this purpose are to be of the size of a horse-bean, or thereabouts; and +the pilgrims are advised to collect them in the plain of Mezdelfe, but +they may likewise take them from Muna; and many people, contrary to the +law, collect those that have already been thrown.--_Burckhardt's +Travels_. + + * * * * * + + + +THE GATHERER. + + A snapper up of unconsidered trifles. + +SHAKSPEARE. + + * * * * * + + +THE COACHMAN. + + +The moment he has got his seat and made his start, you are struck at once +with the perfect mastership of his art. The hand just over his left +thigh, the arm without constraint, steady, and with a holding command +that keeps his horses like clock-work; yet to a superficial observer +quite with loose reins; so firm and compact he is, that you seldom +observe any shifting, only to take a shorter purchase for a run down +hill; his right hand and whip are beautifully in unison; the crop, if not +in a direct line with the box, over the near wheel, raised gracefully up +as it were to reward the near side horse; the thong--the thong after +three twists, which appears in his hand to have been placed by the maker +never to be altered or improved ...... and if the off-side horse becomes +slack, to see the turn of his arm to reduce a twist, or to reverse, if +necessary, is exquisite: after being _placed under the rib_, or upon the +shoulder point, up comes the arm, and with it the thong returns to the +elegant position upon the crop! I say elegant! the stick, highly polished +yew--rather light--not too taper--yet elastic; a thong in clean order, +pliable. All done without effort--merely a turn of the wrist! + + * * * * * + +At twelve o'clock at noon, on the day before Easter, the resurrection +service begins at the Quirinal Chapel at Rome; when a curtain is drawn +back, which conceals a picture of our Lord: bells ring, drums are beaten, +guns are fired, and joy succeeds to mourning. + + * * * * * + +ACROSTIC ON "THE MIRROR." + + MIRROR! methinks your name indeed is true + In every other point, except that you, + Resplendent with the wisdom of mankind, + Reflect not to the _sight_, but to the _mind_. + Oh! may success then to your pains accrue, + Rewarding all your merit with its due. + +D. + + * * * * * + +LOVE. + + Love reigns the lord of every mortal heart; + He wounds the beggar, wounds the king, + And is the fairest, falsest thing, + That e'er excited joy, or bade a bosom smart. + Light as the wind, rough as the wave, + He's both a tyrant and a slave; + A fire that freezes, and a frost that's hot, + A bitter sweet, a luscious sour, + Wretched is he who knows his pow'r, + But far more wretched still is he who knows it not. + + * * * * * + +TRUTH, A FABLE. + +At the gates of Sorbonne, Truth one day showed her face. The syndic met +her. "What," said he, "do you want?" "Alas! hospitality." "Your name?" +"My name is Truth." "Flee," said he, in anger, "flee, or I seek vengeance +on your profaneness." "You chase me away," answered Truth; "but I live in +hope to have my turn, being the spoiled child of Time, and gaining every +thing by the means of my father." + + * * * * * + +The initial letters of the Latin names of the kings of Bonaparte's family +form the Latin word _Nihil_, (nothing;) and this used to be called the +genealogical acrostic: + + L udovicus. + I osephus. + H ieronymus. + I oachim. + N apoleo. + +T.B. + + * * * * * + +THE SUBTERFUGE. + + "I vow, my dear Strephon," said Chloe one day, + While Damon lay hid in the bower, + "Yon sun that now gazes shall see a kiss given + To no one but thee from this hour." + + Now Strephon is gone--and with mournful eye + Poor Damon upbraided the fair. + "Hush! blockhead," said Chloe, "the sun's now on high, + But d'ye think it will always be there?" + + * * * * * + +Lately published, with a Frontispiece, and thirty other Engravings, price +5s. + +THE ARCANA OF SCIENCE, AND ANNUAL REGISTER OF THE USEFUL ARTS, FOR 1829. + +"This is a valuable register of the progress of science and arts during +the past year. Engravings and a low price qualify it for extensive +utility."--_Literary Gazette, March_ 21. + +"An agreeable and useful little volume."--_Athenaeum, Feb_. 18. + + * * * * * + +Printed and Published by J. LIMBIRD, 143, Strand, (near Somerset House,) +London; sold by ERNEST FLEISCHER, 626, New Market, Leipsic; and by all +Newsmen and Booksellers. + + + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, +and Instruction, No. 366, by Various + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MIRROR OF LITERATURE *** + +***** This file should be named 12899.txt or 12899.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/1/2/8/9/12899/ + +Produced by Jonathan Ingram and PG Distributed Proofreaders + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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