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diff --git a/12898-h/12898-h.htm b/12898-h/12898-h.htm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..713715a --- /dev/null +++ b/12898-h/12898-h.htm @@ -0,0 +1,2442 @@ +<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" + "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> + +<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> +<head> + <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /> + + <title>The Mirror of Literature, Issue 358.</title> + + <style type="text/css"> + <!-- + body {margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%;} + p {text-align: justify;} + blockquote {text-align: justify;} + h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6 {text-align: center;} + pre {font-size: 1.0em;} + + hr {text-align: center; width: 50%;} + html>body hr {margin-right: 25%; margin-left: 25%; width: 50%;} + hr.full {width: 100%;} + html>body hr.full {margin-right: 0%; margin-left: 0%; width: 100%;} + hr.short {text-align: center; width: 20%;} + html>body hr.short {margin-right: 40%; margin-left: 40%; width: 20%;} + + .note, .footnote + {margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%; font-size: 0.9em;} + + span.pagenum + {position: absolute; left: 1%; right: 91%; font-size: 8pt;} + + .poem + {margin-left:10%; margin-right:10%; margin-bottom: 1em; text-align: left;} + .poem .stanza {margin: 1em 0em 1em 0em;} + .poem p {margin: 0; padding-left: 3em; text-indent: -3em;} + .poem p.i2 {margin-left: 1em;} + .poem p.i4 {margin-left: 2em;} + .poem p.i6 {margin-left: 3em;} + .poem p.i8 {margin-left: 4em;} + .poem p.i10 {margin-left: 5em;} + + .figure + {padding: 1em; margin: 0; text-align: center; font-size: 0.8em; margin: auto;} + .figure img + {border: none;} + .figure p + + .side { float:right; + font-size: 75%; + width: 25%; + padding-left:10px; + border-left: dashed thin; + margin-left: 10px; + text-align: left; + text-indent: 0; + font-weight: bold; + font-style: italic;} + --> + </style> +</head> +<body> +<div>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 12898 ***</div> + + <hr class="full" /> +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page129" id="page129"></a>[pg 129]</span> + + <h1>THE MIRROR<br /> + OF<br /> + LITERATURE, AMUSEMENT, AND INSTRUCTION.</h1> + <hr class="full" /> + + <table width="100%" summary="Volume, Number, and Date"> + <tr> + <td align="left"><b>Vol. XIII, No. 358.</b></td> + <td align="center"><b>SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 28, 1829.</b></td> + <td align="right"><b>[PRICE 2d.</b></td> + </tr> + </table> + <hr class="full" /> + + + + +<div class="figure" style="width:100%;"><a href="images/358-1.png"><img width="100%" src="images/358-1.png" alt="YORK TERRACE, REGENT'S PARK." /></a> YORK TERRACE, REGENT'S PARK.</div> + +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page130" id="page130"></a>[pg 130]</span> +<h2>YORK TERRACE,</h2> + +<h3>REGENT'S PARK.</h3> + + +<p>If the reader is anxious to illustrate any +political position with the "signs of the +times," he has only to start from Waterloo-place, +(thus commencing with a glorious +reminiscence,) through Regent-street +and Portland-place, and make the architectural +tour of the Regent's Park. Entering +the park from the New Road by +York Gate, one of the first objects for his +admiration will be <i>York Terrace</i>, a splendid +range of private residences, which has +the appearance of an unique palace. This +striking effect is produced by all the entrances +being in the rear, where the vestibules +are protected by large porches. All +the doors and windows in the principal +front represented in the engraving are +uniform, and appear like a suite of princely +apartments, somewhat in the style of a +little Versailles. This idea is assisted by +the gardens having no divisions.</p> + +<p>The architecture of the building is +Græco-Italian. It consists of an entrance +or ground story, with semicircular headed +windows and rusticated piers. A continued +pedestal above the arches of these +windows runs through the composition, divided +between the columns into balustrades, +in front of the windows of the principal +story, to which they form handsome balconies. +The elegant windows of this and the +principal chamber story are of the Ilissus +Ionic, and are decorated with a colonnade, +completed with a well-proportioned entablature +from the same beautiful order. +Mr. Elmes, in his critical observations +on this terrace, thinks the attic story "too +irregular to accompany so chaste a composition +as the Ionic, to which it forms a +crown;" he likewise objects to the cornice +and blocking-course, as being "also too +small in proportion for the majesty of the +lower order."</p> + +<p>York Terrace is from the design of Mr. +Nash, whose genius not unfrequently +strays into such errors as our architectural +critic has pointed out.</p> + +<hr /> + + +<h3>VALENTINE CUSTOMS.</h3> + +<h4><i>(To the Editor of the Mirror.)</i></h4> + + +<p>As some of the customs described by your +correspondent W.H.H.<a id="footnotetag1" name="footnotetag1"></a><a href="#footnote1"><sup>1</sup></a> are left unaccounted +for, I suppose any one is at +liberty to sport a few conjectures on the +subject. May not, for instance, the practice +of burning the "<i>holly boy</i>" have its +origin in some of those rustic incantations +described by Theocritus as the means +of recalling a truant lover, or of warming +a cold one; and thus translated:—</p> + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p>"First Delphid injured me, he raised my flame,</p> +<p>And now I burn this bough in Delphid's name."</p> + </div> </div> + +<p>Virgil, too, in his 8th Eclogue, alludes +to the same charm:—</p> + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p>"Sparge molam, et fragiles incende bitumine lauros;</p> +<p>Daphnis me malus urit, ego hanc in Daphnide laurum."</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p>"Next in the fire the bays with brimstone burn,</p> +<p>And whilst it crackles in the sulphur, say,</p> +<p>This I for Daphnis burn, thus Daphnis burn away."</p> +<p class="i10"> DRYDEN.</p> + </div> </div> + +<p>The <i>"holly bush"</i> being made to represent +the person beloved, may also be +borrowed from the ancients:—</p> + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p>—————————"Terque hæc altaria circum</p> +<p><i>Effigiem</i> duco."</p> +<p class="i10"> VIRGIL.</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p>"Thrice round the altar I the image draw."</p> + </div> </div> + +<p>The burning wax candles may be more +difficult to account for, unless it refer to +the custom of melting wax in order to +mollify the beloved one's heart:—</p> + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p>"As this devoted wax melts o'er the fire,</p> +<p>Let Myndian Delphis melt with soft desire."</p> +<p class="i10"> THEOCRITUS.</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p>———————"Hæc ut cera liquescit."</p> +<p>——————"Sic nostro Daphnis amore."</p> +<p class="i10"> VIRGIL.</p> + </div> </div> + +<p>For a woman to compose a garland +was always considered an indication of +her being in love. Aristophanes says,</p> + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p>"The wreathing garlands in a woman is</p> +<p>The usual symptom of a love-sick mind."</p> + </div> </div> + +<p>Should the charms resorted to by lovers +two thousand years ago, appear to you, +even remotely, to have influenced the love +rites as performed by the village men and +maidens of the present day, perhaps you +may deem this string of quotations worthy +of a corner in your amusing miscellany.</p> + +<p>E.</p> + +<hr /> + + +<h3>LINES</h3> + +<h4><i>On the Sarcophagus<a id="footnotetag2" name="footnotetag2"></a><a href="#footnote2"><sup>2</sup></a> which contains the remains +of Nelson in St. Paul's Cathedral.</i></h4> + +<h4><i>(For the Mirror.)</i></h4> + + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p>To mark th' excess of priestly pow'r</p> +<p>To keep in mind that gorgeous hour,</p> +<p>Thou art no Popish monument,</p> +<p>Altho' by Wolsey thou wer't sent,</p> +<p>From thine own native Italy</p> +<p>To tell where his proud ashes lie.</p> +<p>To thee a nobler part is given!</p> +<p>A prouder task design'd by heav'n!</p> +<p>'Tis thine the sea chief's grave to shroud,</p> +<p>Idol and wonder of the crowd!</p> +<p>The bravest heart that ever stood</p> +<p>The shock of battle on the flood!</p> +<p>The stoutest arm that ever led</p> +<p>A warrior o'er the ocean's bed!</p> +<p>Whose name long dreaded on the sea</p> +<p>Alone secured the victory!</p> +<p>His Britain sea-girt stood alone,</p> +<p>Whilst all the earth was heard to moan,</p> +<p>Beneath war's iron—iron rod,</p> +<p>Trusting in Nelson as her god.—CYMBELINE.</p> + </div> </div> + + +<hr /> + + +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page131" id="page131"></a>[pg 131]</span> +<h3>COINAGE OF THE ANCIENT BRITONS.</h3> + +<h4><i>(For the Mirror.)</i></h4> + + +<p>In 1749, a considerable number of gold +coins were discovered on the top of Karnbre, +in Cornwall, which are clearly proved +to have belonged to the ancient Britons. +The figures that were first stamped on the +coins of all nations were those of oxen, +horses, sheep, &c. It may, therefore, be +concluded, that the coins of any country +which have only the figures of cattle +stamped on them, and perhaps of trees, +representing the woods in which their +cattle pastured,—were the most ancient +coins of the country. Some of the gold +coins found at Karnbre, and described by +Dr. Borlase, are of this kind, and may be +justly esteemed the most ancient of our +British coins. Sovereigns soon became +aware of the importance of money, and +took the fabrication of it under their own +direction, ordering their own heads to be +impressed on one side of the coins, while +the figure of some animal still continued +to be stamped on the other. Of this kind +are some of the Karnbre coins, with a royal +head on one side, and a horse on the other. +When the knowledge and use of letters +were once introduced into any country, it +would not be long before they appeared +on its coins, expressing the names of the +princes whose heads were stamped on +them. This was a very great improvement +in the art of coining, and gave an +additional value to the money, by preserving +the memories of princes, and giving +light to history. Our British ancestors +were acquainted with this improvement +before they were subdued by the Romans, +as several coins of ancient Britain have +very plain and perfect inscriptions, and +on that account merit particular attention.</p> + +<p>INA.</p> + +<hr /> + + +<h3>ANIMAL FOOD.</h3> + +<h4><i>(For the Mirror.)</i></h4> + + +<p>It is generally allowed, that a profusion +of animal food has a tendency to vitiate +and debase the nature and dispositions of +men; notwithstanding, the lovers of flesh +urge the names of many of the most eminent +in literature and science, in opposition +to this assertion.</p> + +<p>Plutarch attributed the stupidity of his +countrymen, the Boeotians, to the profusion +of animal food which they consumed, +and even now, our lovely, soup drinking, +coffee sipping friends on the continent, +attribute the saturnine, melancholy, and +bearish dispositions of John Bull, to his +partiality for,</p> + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p>"The famous roast-beef of Old England."</p> + </div> </div> + +<p>A facetious, philosophical, friend of +mine, lately amused me with some remarks, +on the nature and properties of +different kinds of food. "We know," +said he, "that one herb produces <i>this</i> +effect, and another <i>that</i>; that different +species and varieties of plants have different +virtues; and, why may we not infer +that the same rule extends to animated +nature; that our fish, flesh, and fowl, not +only serve as nutriment, but that each +kind possesses peculiar and individual +properties."</p> + +<p>This will account for the <i>piggish</i> habits +and propensities so conspicuous in the inhabitants +of certain places in England, +and whose partiality for <i>swine's flesh</i>, is +proverbial. The <i>sheepish</i> manners of our +students and school-boys, may also be +attributed to the <i>mutton</i> so generally alloted +to them. I might continue my observations, +<i>ad infinitum</i>. I might say, +that the <i>wisdom of the goose</i> was discoverable +in—whose love of that, "most +abused of God's creatures," is well +known: and that the sea-side predilections +of a certain Bart., of festive notoriety, were +occasioned by his partiality for turtle.</p> + +<p>QUÆSITOR.</p> + +<hr /> + + +<h3>WHITEHALL.</h3> + +<h3>MARRIAGE OF ANNE BOLEYN</h3> + +<h4><i>(For the Mirror)</i></h4> + + +<p>The extraordinary revolution which took +place in our religious institutions in the +time of Henry VIII., has rendered his +reign one of the most important in the +annals of ecclesiastical history. For the +great changes at that glorious æra, the +reformation, when the clouds of ignorance +and superstition were dispelled, we are +principally indebted to the beauteous, but +unfortunate Anne Boleyn, whose influence +with the haughty monarch, was the +chief cause of the abolition of the papal +supremacy in England; one of the greatest +blessings ever bestowed by a monarch on +his country. Intimately associated with, +and the principal scene of these important +events, was the ancient palace of +Whitehall,<a id="footnotetag3" name="footnotetag3"></a><a href="#footnote3"><sup>3</sup></a> which Henry, into whose +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page132" id="page132"></a>[pg 132]</span> +possession it came on the premunire of +Wolsey, considerably enlarged and beautified, +changing its name from that of +York Place, to the one by which it is still +designated.</p> + +<p>In this building, an event, the most important, +in its consequences, recorded in +the history of any country, took place,—the +marriage of Anne Boleyn, who had been +created Countess of Pembroke, with the +"stern Harry." The precise period of +these nuptials, owing to the secrecy with +which they were performed, is involved +in considerable obscurity, and has given +rise to innumerable controversies among +historians; the question not being even +to this hour satisfactorily decided as to +whether they were solemnized in the +month of <i>November</i>, 1532, or in that of +<i>January</i>, 1533. Hall,<a id="footnotetag4" name="footnotetag4"></a><a href="#footnote4"><sup>4</sup></a> Holinshed,<a id="footnotetag5" name="footnotetag5"></a><a href="#footnote5"><sup>5</sup></a> and +Grafton, whose authority several of our +more modern historians<a id="footnotetag6" name="footnotetag6"></a><a href="#footnote6"><sup>6</sup></a> have followed, +place it on the 14th of November, 1532, +the Feast Day of St. Erkenwald; but +Stow<a id="footnotetag7" name="footnotetag7"></a><a href="#footnote7"><sup>7</sup></a> informs us, that it was celebrated +on the 25th of January 1533; and his +assertion bears considerable weight, being +corroborated by a letter from Archbishop +Cranmer, dated "the xvij daye of June," +1533, from his "manor of Croydon," to +Hawkyns, the embassador at the emperor's +court. In this letter the prelate +says, "she was marid muche about <i>St. +Paules daye</i> last, as the condicion thereof +dothe well appere by reason she ys now +sumwhat bygg with chylde."<a id="footnotetag8" name="footnotetag8"></a><a href="#footnote8"><sup>8</sup></a> This +statement, coming as it does from so authentic +a source, and coinciding with the +accounts of Stow, Wyatt,<a id="footnotetag9" name="footnotetag9"></a><a href="#footnote9"><sup>9</sup></a> and Godwin<a id="footnotetag10" name="footnotetag10"></a><a href="#footnote10"><sup>10</sup></a> +may, we think, be regarded as the most +correct. Her marriage was not made +known until the following Easter, when +it was publicly proclaimed, and preparations +made for her coronation, which was +conducted with extraordinary magnificence +in Whitsuntide. Her becoming +pregnant soon after her marriage "gave +great satisfaction to the king, and was regarded +by the people as a strong proof of +the queen's former modesty and virtue."<a id="footnotetag11" name="footnotetag11"></a><a href="#footnote11"><sup>11</sup></a> +This latter circumstance, however, has +not met with that consideration among +historians which it appears to merit; for +we must remember that Elizabeth was +born on the 7th of the following September, +an event, which would perhaps rather +tend to confirm the opinion of Hall, in +contradiction to that of Stow, if, indeed, +Anne had been proof against the advances +of Henry, previous to their marriage, +which some writers have doubted.</p> + +<p>Lingard, whose History is now in the +course of publication, intimates that the +ceremony was performed "in a garret, at +the western end of the palace of Whitehall;"<a id="footnotetag12" name="footnotetag12"></a><a href="#footnote12"><sup>12</sup></a> +this, however, when we consider +the haughty character of Henry, is totally +improbable, and rests entirely on the authority +of one solitary manuscript. There +is no reason, however, to doubt but that +they were married in some apartment in that +palace, and most probably in the king's +private closet.<a id="footnotetag13" name="footnotetag13"></a><a href="#footnote13"><sup>13</sup></a> Dr. Rowland Lee, one +of the royal chaplains, and afterwards +Bishop of Coventry officiated, in the presence +only of the Duke of Norfolk, uncle +to the Lady Anne, and her father, mother, +and brother. Lord Herbert,<a id="footnotetag14" name="footnotetag14"></a><a href="#footnote14"><sup>14</sup></a> whose authority +has been quoted by Hume, says, +that Cranmer was also present, but this is +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page133" id="page133"></a>[pg 133]</span> +undoubtedly an error, as that prelate had +only just then returned from Germany, +and was not informed of the circumstance +until two weeks afterwards, as appears +from the following passage in his letter to +Hawkyns, before quoted:—"Yt hath bin +reported thorowte a greate parte of the +realme that I married her; which was +playnly false, for I myself knew not +thereof a fortenyght after it was donne."</p> + +<p>It may not, perhaps, prove uninteresting +to our readers, or quite irrelevant to +the subject, to close this brief account of +the marriage of Anne Boleyn, with the +copy of a letter from that queen to "Squire +Josselin, upon ye birth of Q. Elizabth," +preserved among the manuscripts in the +British Museum.<a id="footnotetag15" name="footnotetag15"></a><a href="#footnote15"><sup>15</sup></a></p> + +<p>"By the Queen—Trusty and well +beloved wee greet you well. And whereas +it hath pleased ye goodness of Almighty +God of his infinite mercy and grace to +send unto vs at this tyme good speed in +ye deliverance and bringing forth of a +Princess to ye great joye and inward +comfort of my lord. Us, and of all his +good and loving subjects of this his +realme ffor ye which his inestimable beneuolence +soe shewed unto vs. We have +noe little cause to give high thankes, +laude and praysing unto our said Maker, +like as we doe most lowly, humbly, and +wth all ye inward desire of our heart. +And inasmuch as wee undoubtedly trust +yt this our good is to you great pleasure, +comfort, and consolacion; wee therefore +by these our Lrs aduertise you thereof, +desiring and heartily praying you to give +wth vs unto Almighty God, high thankes, +glory, laud, and praising, and to pray for +ye good health, prosperity, and continuall +preservation of ye sd Princess accordingly. +Yeoven under our Signett at my Lds +Manner of Greenwch,<a id="footnotetag16" name="footnotetag16"></a><a href="#footnote16"><sup>16</sup></a> ye 7th day of +September, in ye 25th yeare of my said +Lds raigne, An. Dno. 1533."</p> + +<p>S.I.B.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + +<h2><b>Memorable Days.</b></h2> + +<hr /> + + +<h3>COLLOP MONDAY.</h3> + + +<p>Collop Monday is the day before +Shrove Tuesday, and in many parts is +made a day of great feasting on account +of the approaching Lent. It is so called, +because it was the last day allowed for +eating animal food before Lent; and our +ancestors cut up their fresh meat into +collops, or steaks, for salting or hanging +up until Lent was over; and even now in +many places it is still a custom to have +eggs and collops, or slices of bacon, for +dinner on this day.</p> + +<p>In Westmoreland, and particularly at +Brough, where I have witnessed it many +times, the good people kill a great many +pigs about a week or two previous to +Lent, which have been carefully fattened +up for the occasion. The good housewife +is busily occupied in salting the +flitches and hams to hang up in the "pantry," +and in cutting the fattest parts of +the pig for collops on this day. The +most luscious cuts are baked in a pot in +an oven, and the fat poured out into a +bladder, as it runs out of the meat, for +hog's-lard. When all the lard has been +drained off, the remains (which are called +<i>cracklings</i>, being then baked quite crisp) +resemble the crackling on a leg of pork, +are eaten with potatoes, and from the +quantity of salt previously added to them, +to preserve the lard, are unpalatable to +many mouths. The rough farmers' men, +however, devour them as a savoury dish, +and every time "lard" is being made, +<i>cracklings</i> are served up for the servants' +dinner. Indeed, even the more respectable +classes partake of this dish.</p> + +<p>PIG-FRY—This is a Collop Monday +dish, and is a necessary appendage to +"<i>cracklings</i>." It consists of the fattest +parts of the entrails of the pig, broiled in +an oven. Numerous herbs, spices, &c. +are added to it; and upon the whole, it is +a more sightly "<i>course</i>" at table than fat +cracklings. Sometimes the good wife indulges +her house with a pancake, as an +assurance that she has not forgotten to +provide for Shrove Tuesday. The servants +are also treated with "a drop of +something good" on this occasion; and +are allowed (if they have nothing of importance +to require their immediate attention) +to spend the afternoon in conviviality.</p> + +<p>AVVER BREAD.—During Lent, in +the same county, a great quantity of +bread, called avver bread, is made. It +is of <i>oats</i>, leavened and kneaded into a +large, thin, round cake, which is placed +upon a "<i>girdle</i>"<a id="footnotetag17" name="footnotetag17"></a><a href="#footnote17"><sup>17</sup></a> over the fire. The +bread is about the thickness of a "lady's" +slice of bread and butter.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page134" id="page134"></a>[pg 134]</span> +I am totally unable to give a definition +of the word <i>avver</i>, and should feel +much gratified by any correspondent's +elucidation. I think <i>P.T.W</i>. may possibly +assist me on this point; and if so, I +shall be much obliged. There is an evident +corruption in it. I have sometimes +thought that avver means oaten, although +I have no other authority than from knowing +the strange pronunciation given to +other words.</p> + +<p>W.H.H.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + + +<h2><b>The Contemporary Traveller.</b></h2> + +<hr /> + + +<h3>DESCRIPTION OF MEKKA.</h3> + + +<p>Mekka maybe styled a handsome town; +its streets are in general broader than +those of eastern cities; the houses lofty, +and built of stone; and the numerous +windows that face the streets give them a +more lively and European aspect than +those of Egypt or Syria, where the houses +present but few windows towards the exterior. +Mekka (like Djidda) contains +many houses three stories high; few at +Mekka are white-washed; but the dark +grey colour of the stone is much preferable +to the glaring white that offends the +eye in Djidda. In most towns of the +Levant the narrowness of a street contributes +to its coolness; and in countries +where wheel-carriages are not used, a +space that allows two loaded camels to +pass each other is deemed sufficient. At +Mekka, however, it was necessary to +leave the passages wide, for the innumerable +visiters who here crowd together; +and it is in the houses adapted for the reception +of pilgrims and other sojourners, +that the windows are so contrived as to +command a view of the streets.</p> + +<p>The city is open on every side; but +the neighbouring mountains, if properly +defended, would form a barrier of considerable +strength against an enemy. In +former times it had three walls to protect +its extremities; one was built across the +valley, at the street of Mala; another at +the quarter of Shebeyka; and the third at +the valley opening into the Mesfale. +These walls were repaired in A.H. 816 +and 828, and in a century after some +traces of them still remained.</p> + +<p>The only public place in the body of +the town is the ample square of the great +mosque; no trees or gardens cheer the +eye; and the scene is enlivened only during +the Hadj by the great number of +well stored shops which are found in +every quarter. Except four or five large +houses belonging to the Sherif, two <i>medreses</i> +or colleges (now converted into +corn magazines,) and the mosque, with +some buildings and schools attached to it, +Mekka cannot boast of any public edifices, +and in this respect is, perhaps, +more deficient than any other eastern city +of the same size. Neither khans, for the +accommodation of travellers, or for the +deposit of merchandize, nor palaces of +grandees, nor mosques, which adorn +every quarter of other towns in the East, +are here to be seen; and we may perhaps +attribute this want of splendid buildings +to the veneration which its inhabitants +entertain for their temple; this prevents +them from constructing any edifice which +might possibly pretend to rival it.</p> + +<p>The houses have windows looking towards +the street; of these many project +from the wall, and have their frame-work +elaborately carved, or gaudily painted. +Before them hang blinds made of slight +reeds, which exclude flies and gnats while +they admit fresh air. Every house has +its terrace, the floor of which (composed +of a preparation from lime-stone) is built +with a slight inclination, so that the rain-water +runs off through gutters into the +street; for the rains here are so irregular +that it is not worth while to collect the +water of them in cisterns, as is done in +Syria. The terraces are concealed from +view by slight parapet walls; for throughout +the east, it is reckoned discreditable +that a man should appear upon the terrace, +whence he might be accused of +looking at women in the neighbouring +houses, as the females pass much of their +time on the terraces, employed in various +domestic occupations, such as drying +corn, hanging up linen, &c. The Europeans +of Aleppo alone enjoy the privilege +of frequenting their terraces, which +are often beautifully built of stone; here +they resort during the summer evenings, +and often to sup and pass the night. All +the houses of the Mekkawys, except +those of the principal and richest inhabitants, +are constructed for the accommodation +of lodgers, being divided into +many apartments, separated from each +other, and each consisting of a sitting-room +and a small kitchen. Since the pilgrimage, +which has begun to decline, +(this happened before the Wahaby conquest,) +many of the Mekkawys, no longer +deriving profit from the letting of their +lodgings, found themselves unable to afford +the expense of repairs; and thus +numerous buildings in the out-skirts +have fallen completely into ruin, and the +town itself exhibits in every street houses +rapidly decaying. I saw only one of recent +construction; it was in the quarter +of El Shebeyka, belonged to a Sherif, +and cost, as report said, one hundred and +fifty purses; such a house might have +been built at Cairo for sixty purses.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page135" id="page135"></a>[pg 135]</span> +The streets are all unpaved; and in +summer time the sand and dust in them +are as great a nuisance as the mud is in +the rainy season, during which they are +scarcely passable after a shower; for in +the interior of the town the water does +not run off, but remains till it is dried up. +It may be ascribed to the destructive +rains, which, though of shorter duration +than in other tropical countries, fall with +considerable violence, that no ancient +buildings are found in Mekka. The +mosque itself has undergone so many repairs +under different sultans, that it may +be called a modern structure; and of the +houses, I do not think there exists one +older than four centuries; it is not, therefore, +in this place, that the traveller +must look for interesting specimens of +architecture or such beautiful remains of +Saracenic structures as are still admired +in Syria, Egypt, Barbary, and Spain. +In this respect the ancient and far-famed +Mekka is surpassed by the smallest provincial +towns of Syria or Egypt. The +same may be said with respect to Medina, +and I suspect that the towns of Yemen +are generally poor in architectural remains.</p> + +<p>Mekka is deficient in those regulations +of police which are customary in Eastern +cities. The streets are totally dark at +night, no lamps of any kind being lighted; +its different quarters are without +gates, differing in this respect also from +most Eastern towns, where each quarter +is regularly shut up after the last evening +prayers. The town may therefore be +crossed at any time of the night, and the +same attention is not paid here to the security +of merchants, as well as of husbands, +(on whose account principally, +the quarters are closed,) as in Syrian or +Egyptian towns of equal magnitude. The +dirt and sweepings of the houses are cast +into the streets, where they soon become +dust or mud according to the season. +The same custom seems to have prevailed +equally in ancient times; for I did not +perceive in the skirts of the town any of +those heaps of rubbish which are usually +found near the large towns of Turkey.</p> + +<p>With respect to water, the most important +of all supplies, and that which +always forms the first object of inquiry +among Asiatics, Mekka is not much better +provided than Djidda; there are but +few cisterns for collecting rain, and the +well-water is so brackish that it is used +only for culinary purposes, except during +the time of the pilgrimage, when the +lowest class of hadjys drink it. The famous +well of Zemzem, in the great +mosque, is indeed sufficiently copious to +supply the whole town; but, however +holy, its water is heavy to the taste and +impedes digestion; the poorer classes besides +have not permission to fill their +water-skins with it at pleasure. The +best water in Mekka is brought by a conduit +from the vicinity of Arafat, six or +seven hours distant. The present government, +instead of constructing similar +works, neglects even the repairs and +requisite cleansing of this aqueduct. It +is wholly built of stone; and all those +parts of it which appear above ground, +are covered with a thick layer of stone +and cement. I heard that it had not +been cleaned during the last fifty years; +the consequence of this negligence is, +that the most of the water is lost in its +passage to the city through apertures, or +slowly forces its way through the obstructing +sediment, though it flows in a +full stream into the head of the aqueduct +at Arafat. The supply which it affords +in ordinary times is barely sufficient for +the use of the inhabitants, and during +the pilgrimage sweet water becomes an +absolute scarcity; a small skin of water +(two of which skins a person may carry) +being then often sold for one shilling—a +very high price among Arabs.</p> + +<p>There are two places in the interior +of Mekka where the aqueduct runs +above ground; there the water is let off +into small channels or fountains, at which +some slaves of the Sherif are stationed, +to exact a toll from persons filling their +water-skins. In the time of the Hadj, +these fountains are surrounded day and +night by crowds of people quarrelling and +fighting for access to the water. During +the late siege, the Wahabys cut off the +supply of water from the aqueduct; and +it was not till some time after, that the +injury which this structure then received, +was partially repaired.</p> + +<p>There is a small spring which oozes +from under the rocks behind the great palace +of the Sherif, called Beit el Sad; it +is said to afford the best water in this +country, but the supply is very scanty. +The spring is enclosed, and appropriated +wholly to the Sherif's family.</p> + +<p>Beggars, and infirm or indigent hadjys, +often entreat the passengers in the streets +of Mekka for a draught of sweet water; +they particularly surround the water-stands, +which are seen in every corner, +and where, for two paras in the time of +the Hadj, and for one para, at other +times, as much water may be obtained +as will fill a jar.—<i>Burckhardt's Travels +in Arabia</i>.</p> + + + + + +<hr class="full" /> +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page136" id="page136"></a>[pg 136]</span> +<h2><b>The Naturalist.</b></h2> + +<div class="figure" style="width:100%;"><a href="images/358-2.png"><img width="100%" src="images/358-2.png" alt="FLAKES OF SNOW MAGNIFIED." /></a> FLAKES OF SNOW MAGNIFIED.</div> + +<h3>FLAKES OF SNOW MAGNIFIED.</h3> + +<p>Snow is one of the treasures of the atmosphere. +Its wonderful construction, +and the beautiful regularity of its figures, +have been the object of a treatise by +Erasmus Bartholine, who published in +1661, "<i>De Figurâ Nivis Dissertatio</i>," +with observations of his brother Thomas +on the use of snow in medicine. On examining +the flakes of snow with a magnifying +glass before they melt, (which +may easily be done by making the experiment +in the open air,) they will appear composed +of fine shining spicula or points, +diverging like rays from a centre. As the +flakes fall down through the atmosphere, +they are joined by more of these radiated +spicula, and thus increase in bulk like +the drops of rain or hail-stones. Dr. +Green says, "that many parts of snow +are of a regular figure, for the most part +so many little rowels or stars of six points, +and are as perfect and transparent ice as +any seen on a pond. Upon each of these +points are other collateral points set at +the same angles as the main points themselves; +among these there are divers others, +irregular, which are chiefly broken points +and fragments of the regular ones. Others +also, by various winds, seem to have been +thawed and frozen again into irregular +clusters; so that it seems as if the whole +body of snow was an infinite mass of icicles +irregularly figured. That is, a cloud +of vapours being gathered into drops, +those drops forthwith descend, and in their +descent, meeting with a freezing air as +they pass through a colder region, each +drop is immediately frozen into an icicle, +shooting itself forth into several points; +but these still continuing their descent, +and meeting with some intermitting gales +of warmer air, or, in their continual waftage +to and fro, touching upon each other +are a little thawed, blunted, and frozen +into clusters, or entangled so as to fall +down in what we call flakes." But we +are not, (says the author of the "Contemplative +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page137" id="page137"></a>[pg 137]</span> +Philosopher,") to consider snow +merely as a curious phenomenon. The +Great Disposer of universal bounty has +so ordered it, that it is eminently subservient, +as well as all the works of creation, +to his benevolent designs.</p> + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p>"He gives the winter's snow her airy birth,</p> +<p>And bids her virgin fleeces clothe the earth."</p> +<p class="i10"> SANDYS.</p> + </div> </div> + +<p>P.T.W.</p> + +<hr /> + + +<h3>MONKEYS AT GIBRALTAR.</h3> + + +<p>Though Gibraltar abounds with monkeys, +there are none to be found in the +rest of Spain; this is supposed to be occasioned +by the following circumstance;—The +waters of the Propontis, which +anciently might be nothing but a lake +formed by the Granicus and Rhyndacus, +finding it more easy to work themselves a +canal by the Dardanelles than any other +way, spread into the Mediterranean, and +forcing a passage into the ocean between +Mount Atlas and Calpe, separated the +rock from the coast of Africa; and the +monkeys being taken by surprise, were +compelled to be carried with it over to +Europe, "These animals," says a resident +at Gibraltar, "are now in high +favour here. The lieutenant-governor, +General Don, has taken them under his +protection, and threatened with fine and +imprisonment any one who shall in any +way molest them. They have increased +rapidly, of course. Many of them are as +large as our dogs; and some of the old +grandfathers and great-grandfathers are +considerably larger. I had the good fortune +to fall in with a family of about ten, +and had an opportunity of watching for a +time their motions. There appeared to +be a father and mother, four or five +grown-up children, and three that had +not reached the years of discretion. One +of them was still at the breast; and although +he was large enough to be weaned, +and indeed made his escape as rapidly as +the mother when they took the alarm, it +was quite impossible to restrain laughter +when one saw the mother, with great gravity, +sitting nursing the little elf, with +her hand behind it, and the older children +skipping up and down the walls, and +playing all sorts of antic tricks with one +another. They made their escape with +the utmost rapidity, leaping over rocks +and precipices with great agility, and evidently +unconscious of fear."</p> + +<p>W.G.C.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + + +<h2><b>The Selector,</b></h2> + +<h2>AND</h2> + +<h2>LITERARY NOTICES OF</h2> + +<h2><i>NEW WORKS</i></h2> + +<hr /> + + +<h3>THE GREAT WORLD OF FASHION.</h3> + + +<p>Satire is the pantomime of literature, +and harlequin's jacket, his black vizor, +and his eel-like lubricity, are so many +harmless satires on the weak sides of our +nature. The pen of the satirist is as effective +as the pencil of the artist; and +provided it draw well, cannot fail to prove +as attractive. Indeed, the characters of +pantomime, harlequin, columbine, clown, +and pantaloon, make up the best <i>quarto</i> +that has ever appeared on the manners +and follies of the times; and they may +be turned to as grave an account as any +page of Seneca's Morals, or Cicero's Disputations; +however various the means, +the end, or object, is the same, and all is +rounded with a sleep.</p> + +<p>"The Great World," in the language +of satire, is the "glass of fashion and +the mould of form." Its geography and +history are as perpetually changing as the +modes of St. James's, or the features of +one of its toasted beauties; and what is +written of it to-day may be dry, and its +time be out of joint, before it has escaped +the murky precincts of the printing-house. +It is subtlety itself, and we know +not "whence it cometh, and whither it +goeth." Its philosophy is concentric, for +this Great World consists of thousands of +little worlds, <i>usque ad infinitum</i>, and we +do well if we become not giddy with +looking on the wheels of its vicissitudes.</p> + +<p>We know not whom we have to thank +for the pamphlet of sixty pages—entitled +"A Geographical and Historical Account +of the Great World"—now before +us. It bears the imprint of "Ridgway, +Piccadilly," so that it is published at the +gate of the very region it describes—like +the accounts of <i>Pere la Chaise</i>, sold at +its <i>concierge</i>. Annexed is a Map of the +Great World—but the author has not +"attempted to lay down the longitude; +the only measurements hitherto made being +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page138" id="page138"></a>[pg 138]</span> +confined to the west of the meridian +of St. James's Strait." Then the author +tells us of the atomic hypothesis of the +formation of the Great World. "These +rules, for the performance of what appears +to be an atomic quadrille, are furnished +by Sir H. Davy, elected by the Great +World, master of the ceremonies for the +preservation of order, and prescribing +rules for the regulation of the Universe." +"The surface of the Great World, or +rather its crust, has been ascertained to be +exceedingly shallow."</p> + +<p>The inhabitants of the Great World, +in its diurnal rotation, receive no light +from the sun till a few hours before the +time of its setting with us, when it also +sets with them, so that they are inconvenienced +for a short time only, by its +light. In its annual orbit, it has but one +season, which, though called Spring, is +subject to the most sudden alternations of +heat and cold. The females have a singular +method of protecting themselves +from the baneful effects of these violent +changes, which is worthy of notice:—they +wrap themselves up, during the +short time the sun shines, in pelisses, +shawls, and cloaks, their heads being protected +by hats, whose umbrageous brims +so far exceed in dimensions the little umbrellas +raised above them, that a stranger +is at a loss to conjecture the use of the +latter. Shortly after the sun has set, +these habiliments are all thrown off, +dresses of gossamer are substituted in +their place, and the fair wearers rush out +into the open air, to enjoy the cool night +breezes.</p> + +<p>This is but the "Companion to the +Map." The Voyage to the several Islands +of the Great World, "is in a frame-work +of the adventures of Sir Heedless +Headlong, who neither reaches the Great +World by a balloon, nor Perkins's steam-gun. +He cruises about St. James's +Straits, makes for Idler's Harbour, in +Alba; is repulsed, but with a friend, +Jack Rashleigh, journeys to Society Island, +lands at Small Talk Bay, and makes +for the capital, Flirtington. He first visits +a general assembly of the leaders +of the isle. At the house of assembly +the rush of charioteers was so great, +that it is impossible to say what might +have been the consequence of the general +confusion, or how many lives might +have been lost, but for the interference +of a little man in a flaxen wig, and broad-brimmed +hat, with a cane in his hand, whose +authority is said to extend equally over +ladies and pickpockets of all degrees."<a id="footnotetag18" name="footnotetag18"></a><a href="#footnote18"><sup>18</sup></a> +Then comes an exquisite bit of badinage +on that most stupid of all stupidities, a +fashionable rout.</p> + +<p>"On entering the walls, my surprise +may be partly conceived, at finding those +persons, whom I had seen so eagerly +striving to gain admittance, crowded together +in a capacious vapour bath, heated +to so high a temperature, that had I not +been aware of the strict prohibition of +science, I should have imagined the meeting +to have been held for the purpose of +ascertaining, by experiment, the greatest +degree of heat which the human frame is +capable of supporting. That they should +choose such a place for their deliberations +upon the welfare of the island, appeared +to me extraordinary, and only to be accounted +for upon the supposition that it +was intended to carry off, by evaporation, +that internal heat to which the assemblies +of legislators of some other countries are +known to be subject. Judging from the +grave and melancholy countenances of the +persons assembled, I councluded the affairs +of the island to be in a very disasterous +state; and I could discover very +little either said or done, at all calculated +to advance its interests. Of the capital +itself, some members said a few words; +but, to use the language of our Globe, in +so inaudible a tone of voice, that we could +scarcely catch their import. The principal +subject of their discussion consisted +of complaining of the extreme heat of the +bath, and mutual inquiries respecting +their intention of immersing themselves +in any others that were open the same +night."</p> + +<p>He next satirizes a fashionable dinner, +the parks, the Horticultural Society, some +pleasant jokes upon a rosy mother and +her parsnip-pale daughters, and an admirable +piece of fun upon the female oligarchy +of Almacks.</p> + +<p>"From hence I made a trip to Crocky's +Island, situated on the opposite side of +the Strait. On landing at Hellgate, within +Fools' Inlet my surprise was much excited +by the prodigious flocks of gulls, +pigeons, and geese, which were directing +their flight towards the Great Fish Lake, +whither I, too, was making my way. I +concluded their object was to procure +food, of which a profusion was here +spread before them, consisting of every +thing which such birds most delight to +peck at; but no sooner had they settled +near the bank, than they were seized upon +by a Fisherman, (who was lying in wait +for them,) and completely plucked of +their feathers, an operation to which they +very quietly submitted, and were then +suffered to depart. Upon inquiring his +motive for what appeared to me a wanton +act of cruelty, he told me his intention +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page139" id="page139"></a>[pg 139]</span> +was to stuff his bed with the feathers; +'or,' added he, 'if you <i>vill</i>, to feather +my nest.' Being myself an admirer of +a soft bed, I saw no reason why I should +not employ myself in the same way; but +owing, perhaps, to my being a novice in +the art, and not knowing how to manage +the birds properly, they were but little +disposed to submit themselves to my +hands; and, in the attempt, I found myself +so completely covered with feathers, +that which of the three descriptions of +birds aforesaid I most resembled, it would +have been difficult to determine. The +fisherman, seeing my situation, was proceeding +to add to the stock of feathers +which he had collected in a great bag, by +plucking those from my person, when, +wishing to save him any further trouble, +I hurried back to Hellgate."</p> + +<p>We cannot accompany Sir Heedless +any further; but must conclude with a +few piquancies from the <i>Vocabulary of +the Language of the Great World</i>, which +is as necessary to the enjoyment of fashionable +life, as is a glossary to an elementary +scientific treatise:—</p> + +<p><i>At Home.</i>—Making your house as unlike +home as possible, by turning every +thing topsy-turvy, removing your furniture, +and squeezing as many people into +your rooms as can be compressed together.</p> + +<p><i>Not at Home.</i>—Sitting in your own +room, engaged in reading a new novel, +writing notes, or other important business.</p> + +<p><i>Affection.</i>—A painful sensation, such +as gout, rheumatism, cramp, head-ache, +&c.</p> + +<p><i>Mourning.</i>—An outward covering of +black, put on by the relatives of any deceased +person of consequence, or by persons +succeeding to a large fortune, as an +emblem of their grief upon so melancholy +an event.</p> + +<p><i>Morning.</i>—The time corresponding to +that between our noon and sun-set.</p> + +<p><i>Evening.</i>—The time between our sun-set +and sun-rise.</p> + +<p><i>Night.</i>—-The time between our sun-rise +and noon.</p> + +<p><i>Domestic.</i>—An epithet applied to cats, +dogs, and other tame animals, keeping at +home.</p> + +<p><i>Reflection.</i>—The person viewed in a +looking-glass.</p> + +<p><i>Tenderness.</i>—A property belonging to +meat long kept.</p> + +<p><i>An Undress.</i>—A thick covering of +garments.</p> + +<p><i>A Treasure.</i>—A lady's maid, skilful +in the mysteries of building up heads, +and pulling down characters; ingenious +in the construction of caps, capes, and +scandal, and judicious in the application +of paint and flattery; also, a footman, +who knows, at a single glance, what visiters +to admit to the presence of his mistress, +and whom to refuse.</p> + +<p><i>Immortality</i>.—An imaginary privilege +of living for ever, conferred upon heroes, +poets, and patriots.</p> + +<p><i>Taste</i>.—The art of discerning the precise +shades of difference constituting a bad +or well dressed man, woman, or dinner.</p> + +<p><i>Tact</i>.—The art of wheedling a rich old +relation, winning an heiress, or dismissing +duns with the payment of fair promises.</p> + +<p><i>Album</i>.—A ledger kept by ladies for +the entry of compliments, in rhyme, paid +<i>on demand</i> to their beautiful hair, complexions +fair, the dimpled chin, the smiles +that win, the ruby lips, where the bee +sips, &c. &c.; the whole amount being +transferred to their private account from +the public stock.</p> + +<p><i>Resignation</i>.—Giving up a place.</p> + +<p><i>A Heathen</i>.—An infidel to the tenets +of ton, a Goth; a monster; a vulgar +wretch. One who eats twice of soup, +swills beer, <i>takes</i> wine, knows nothing +about ennui, dyspepsia, or peristaltic persuaders, +and does not play ecarté; a +creature—nobody.</p> + +<p><i>Vice</i>.—An instrument made use of by +ladies in <i>netting</i> for the purpose of securing +their work.</p> + +<p><i>A Martyr</i>.—A gentleman subject to +the gout.</p> + +<p><i>Temperate</i>.——Quiet, an epithet applied +only to horses.</p> + +<p><i>Bore</i>.—A country acquaintance, or relation, +a leg of mutton, a hackney-coach, +&c., children, or a family party.</p> + +<p><i>Love</i>.—Admiration of a large fortune.</p> + +<p><i>Courage</i>.—Shooting a fellow creature, +perhaps a friend, from the fear of being +thought a coward.</p> + +<p><i>Christmas</i>.—That time of year when +tradesmen, and boys from school, become +troublesome.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + + +<h2><b>OLD POETS.</b></h2> + +<hr /> + + +<h3>A KISS.</h3> + + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p>Best charge and bravest retreat in Cupid's fight,</p> +<p>A double key which opens to the heart,</p> +<p>Most rich, when most his riches it impart,</p> +<p>Nest of young joys, schoolmaster of delight,</p> +<p>Teaching the mean at once to take and give,</p> +<p>The friendly stay, where blows both wound and heal,</p> +<p>The petty death where each in other live,</p> +<p>Poor hope's first wealth, hostage of promise weak,</p> +<p>Breakfast of love.</p> +<p class="i10"> SIR P. SYDNEY.</p> + </div> </div> + +<hr /> + + +<h3>SIGHT.</h3> + + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p>——-Nine things to sight required are</p> +<p class="i2">The power to see, the light, the visible thing:</p> +<p>Being not too small, too thin, too nigh, too far,</p> +<p class="i2">Clear space, and time the form distinct to bring.</p> +<p class="i10"> J. DAVIES.</p> + </div> </div> + +<hr /> + + +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page140" id="page140"></a>[pg 140]</span> +<h3>MERCY AND JUSTICE.</h3> + + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p>Oh who shall show the countenance and gestures</p> +<p>Of Mercy and Justice; which fair sacred sisters,</p> +<p>With equal poise doth ever balance even,</p> +<p>The unchanging projects of the King of heaven.</p> +<p>The one stern of look, the other mild aspecting,</p> +<p>The one pleas'd with tears, the other blood affecting;</p> +<p>The one bears the sword of vengeance unrelenting</p> +<p>The other brings pardon for the true repenting.</p> +<p class="i10"> J. SYLVESTER</p> + </div> </div> + +<hr /> + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p>I know that countenance cannot lie</p> +<p>Whose thoughts are legible in the eye.</p> +<p class="i10"> M. ROYDON.</p> + </div> </div> + +<hr /> + + +<h3>INGRATITUDE.</h3> + + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p>Unthankfulness is that great sin,</p> +<p class="i2">Which made the devil and his angels fall:</p> +<p>Lost him and them the joys that they were in,</p> +<p class="i2">And now in hell detains them bound in thrall.</p> +<p class="i10"> SIR J. HARRINGTON.</p> + </div> </div> + +<hr /> + + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p>Thou hateful monster base ingratitude,</p> +<p class="i2">Soul's mortal poison, deadly killing-wound,</p> +<p>Deceitful serpent seeking to delude,</p> +<p class="i2">Black loathsome ditch, where all desert is drown'd;</p> +<p>Vile pestilence, which all things dost confound.</p> +<p>At first created to no other end,</p> +<p>But to grieve those, whom nothing could offend.</p> +<p class="i10"> M. DRAYTON.</p> + </div> </div> + +<hr /> + + +<h3>HEAVEN.</h3> + + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p>From hence with grace and goodness compass'd round,</p> +<p class="i2">God ruleth, blesseth, keepeth all he wrought,</p> +<p>Above the air, the fire, the sea and ground</p> +<p class="i2">Our sense, our wit, our reason and our thought;</p> +<p>Where persons three, with power and glory crown'd,</p> +<p class="i2">Are all one God, who made all things of naught.</p> +<p class="i4">Under whose feet, subjected to his grace</p> +<p class="i4">Sit nature, fortune, motion, time and place.</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p>This is the place from whence like smoke and dust</p> +<p class="i2">Of this frail world, the wealth, the pomp, the power,</p> +<p>He tosseth, humbleth, turneth as he lust,</p> +<p class="i2">And guides our life, our end, our death and hour,</p> +<p>No eye (however virtuous, pure and just)</p> +<p class="i2">Can view the brightness of that glorious bower,</p> +<p class="i4">On every side the blessed spirits be</p> +<p class="i4">Equal in joys though differing in degree.</p> +<p class="i10"> E. FAIRFAX.</p> + </div> </div> + +<hr /> + + +<h3>MARRIAGE.</h3> + + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p>In choice of wife prefer the modest chaste,</p> +<p class="i2">Lilies are fair in show, but foul in smell,</p> +<p>The sweetest looks by age are soon defaced,</p> +<p class="i2">Then choose thy wife by wit and loving well.</p> +<p>Who brings thee wealth, and many faults withal,</p> +<p>Presents thee honey mix'd with bitter gall.</p> +<p class="i10"> D. LODGE.</p> + </div> </div> + +<hr /> + + +<h3>PRIDE.</h3> + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p>Pride is the root of ill in every state,</p> +<p>The source of sin, the very fiend's fee:</p> +<p>The bead of hell, the bough, the branch, the tree;</p> +<p>From which do spring and sprout such fleshly seeds,</p> +<p>As nothing else but moans and mischief breeds.</p> +<p class="i10"> G. GASCOIGNE.</p> + </div> </div> + +<hr class="full" /> + + + +<h2><b>SPIRIT OF THE</b></h2> +<h2><b>Public Journals.</b></h2> + +<hr /> + + +<h3>NOTES FROM THE LONDON REVIEW,</h3> + +<h3>NO. 1.</h3> + +<h3>ANCIENT AND MODERN LUXURIES.</h3> + + +<p>As a learned doctor, a passionate admirer +of the Nicotian plant, was not long since +regaling himself with a pinch of snuff, in +the study of an old college friend, his +classical recollections suddenly mixed +with his present sensation, and suggested +the following question:—"If a Greek or +a Roman were to rise from the grave, how +would you explain to him the three successive +enjoyments which we have had +to-day after dinner,—tea, coffee, and snuff? +By what perception or sensation familiar +to them, would you account for the modern +use of the three vulgar elements, +which we see notified on every huckster's +stall?—or paint the more refined beatitude +of a young barrister comfortably +niched in one of our London divans, concentrating +his ruminations over a new +Quarterly, by the aid of a highly-flavoured +Havannah?" The doctor's friend, whose +ingenuity is not easily taken at fault, answered, +"By friction, which was performed +so consummately in their baths. +It is no new propensity of animal nature, +to find pleasure from the combination of +a <i>stimulant</i>, and a <i>sedative</i>. The ancients +chafed their skins, and we chafe our stomachs, +exactly for that same double purpose +of excitement and repose (let physiologists +explain their union) which these +vegetable substances procure now so extensively +to mankind. In a word, I would +tell the ancient Greeks or Romans, that +the dealer in tea, coffee, tobacco, and +snuff, is to us what the experienced practioner +of the <i>strigil</i> was to them; with +this difference, however, that while we +spare our skins, our stomachs are in danger +of being tanned into leather."</p> + +<hr /> + + +<h3>THE STAGE.</h3> + + +<p>We may compare <i>tragedy</i> to a martyrdom +by one of the old masters; which, +whatever be its merit, represents persons, +emotions, and events so remote from the +experience of the spectator, that he feels +the grounds of his approbation and blame +to be in a great measure conjectural. The +<i>romance</i>, such as we generally have seen +it, resembles a Gothic window-piece, where +monarchs and bishops exhibit the symbols +of their dignity, and saints hold out +their palm branches, and grotesque monsters +in blue and gold pursue one another +through the intricacies of a never-ending +scroll, splendid in colouring, but childish +in composition, and imitating nothing in +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page141" id="page141"></a>[pg 141]</span> +nature but a mass of drapery and jewels +thrown over the commonest outlines of +the human figure. The works of the +<i>comedian</i>, in their least interesting forms, +are Dutch paintings and caricatures: in +their best, they are like Wilkie's earlier +pictures, accurate imitations of pleasing, +but familiar objects—admirable as works +of art, but addressed rather to the judgment +than to the imagination.</p> + +<hr /> + + +<h3>ENGLISH WOMEN.</h3> + + +<p>Nothing could be more easy than to +prove, in the reflected light of our literature, +that from the period of our Revolution +to the present time, the education of +women has improved among us, as much, +at least, as that of men. Unquestionably +that advancement has been greater within +the last fifty years, than during any previous +period of equal length; and it may +even be doubted whether the modern rage +of our fair countrywomen for universal +acquirement has not already been carried +to a height injurious to the attainment of +excellence in the more important branches +of literary information.</p> + +<p>But in every age since that of Charles +II, Englishwomen have been better educated +than their mothers. For much of +this progress we are indebted to Addison. +Since the Spectator set the example, a +great part of our lighter literature, unlike +that of the preceding age, has been addressed +to the sexes in common: whatever +language could shock the ear of +woman, whatever sentiment could sully +her purity of thought, has been gradually +expunged from the far greater and better +portion of our works of imagination and +taste; and it is this growing refinement +and delicacy of expression, throughout the +last century, which prove, as much as +any thing, the increasing number of female +readers, and the increasing homage +which has been paid to the better feelings +of their sex.</p> + +<hr /> + + +<p>Mr. Lee, the high-constable of Westminster, +in the <i>Police Report</i>, says, "I +have known the time when I have seen +the regular thieves watching Drummonds' +house, looking out for persons coming +out: and the widening of the pavement +of the streets has, I think, done a great +deal of good. With respect to pick-pocketing, +there is not a chance of their +doing now as they used to do. If a man +attempts to pick a pocket, it is ten to one +if he is not seen, which was not the case +formerly."</p> + +<hr /> + + +<h3>CRIME IN PARIS.</h3> + + +<p>Vidocq, in his Memoires, relates, that +in 1817, with twelve agents or subordinate +officers, he effected in Paris the number +of arrests which he thus enumerates:—</p> + +<pre> +Assassins or murderers 15 +Robbers or burglars 5 +Ditto with false keys 108 +Ditto in furnished houses 12 +Highwaymen 126 +Pickpockets and cutpurses 73 +Shoplifters 17 +Receivers of stolen property 38 +Fugitives from the prisons 14 +Tried galley-slaves, having left their exile 43 +Forgers, cheats, swindlers, &c. 46 +Vagabonds, robbers returned to Paris 229 +By mandates from his excellency 46 +Captures and seizures of stolen property 39 + —— + 811</pre> + +<hr /> + + +<h3>WITNESSES.</h3> + + +<p>The protracted proceedings of our criminal +courts are productive of one serious +evil, which we have never seen noticed. +Domestic servants, and others who appear +as witnesses, must frequently wait, day +after day, in the court-yard and avenues, +or in the adjacent public-houses, until the +cases on which they have been subpoenaed +are called for trial. During these intervals +they converse and become acquainted +with others in attendance, a large proportion +of whom are generally friends or associates +of the prisoners. It is thus that +the most dangerous intimacies have been +formed; and many instances have occurred +where servants, who have been seen +in the courts as witnesses for a prosecution, +have soon afterwards appeared there +as prisoners.</p> + +<hr /> + + +<h3>YOU'LL COME TO OUR BALL.</h3> + + +<p>"Comment! c'est lui?—que je le regarde encore!—c'est +que vraiment il est bien changé; +n'est pas, mon papa?"—<i>Les premiers Amours</i>.</p> + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p>You'll come to our Ball—since we parted,</p> +<p class="i2">I've thought of you, more than I'll say;</p> +<p>Indeed, I was half broken-hearted,</p> +<p class="i2">For a week, when they took you away.</p> +<p>Fond Fancy brought back to my slumbers</p> +<p class="i2">Our walks on the Ness and the Den,</p> +<p>And echoed the musical numbers</p> +<p class="i2">Which you used to sing to me then.</p> +<p>I know the romance, since it's over,</p> +<p class="i2">'Twere idle, or worse, to recall:—</p> +<p>I know you're a terrible rover:</p> +<p class="i2">But, Clarence,—you'll come to our Ball!</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p>It's only a year, since at College</p> +<p class="i2">You put on your cap and your gown;</p> +<p>But, Clarence, you're grown out of knowledge,</p> +<p class="i2">And chang'd from the spur to the crown:</p> +<p>The voice that was best when it faltered</p> +<p class="i2">Is fuller and firmer in tone;</p> +<p>And the smile that should never have altered,—</p> +<p class="i2">Dear Clarence,—it is not your own:</p> +<p>Your cravat was badly selected,</p> +<p class="i2">Your coat don't become you at all;</p> +<p>And why is your hair so neglected?</p> +<p class="i2">You <i>must</i> have it curled for our Ball.</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page142" id="page142"></a>[pg 142]</span></p> +<p>I've often been out upon Haldon,</p> +<p class="i2">To look for a covey with Pup:</p> +<p>I've often been over to Shaldon,</p> +<p class="i2">To see how your boat is laid up:</p> +<p>In spite of the terrors of Aunty,</p> +<p class="i2">I've ridden the filly you broke;</p> +<p>And I've studied your sweet, little Dante,</p> +<p class="i2">In the shade of your favourite oak:</p> +<p>When I sat in July to Sir Lawrence,</p> +<p class="i2">I sat in your love of a shawl;</p> +<p>And I'll wear what you brought me from Florence,</p> +<p class="i2">Perhaps, if you'll come to our Ball.</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p>You'll find us all changed since you vanished:</p> +<p class="i2">We've set up a National School,</p> +<p>And waltzing is utterly banished—</p> +<p class="i2">And Ellen has married a fool—</p> +<p>The Major is going to travel—</p> +<p class="i2">Miss Hyacinth threatens a rout—</p> +<p>The walk is laid down with fresh gravel—</p> +<p class="i2">Papa is laid up with the gout:</p> +<p>And Jane has gone on with her easels,</p> +<p class="i2">And Anne has gone off with Sir Paul;</p> +<p>And Fanny is sick of the measles,—</p> +<p class="i2">And I'll tell you the rest at the Ball.</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p>You'll meet all your Beauties;—the Lily,</p> +<p class="i2">And the Fairy of Willowbrook Farm,</p> +<p>And Lucy, who made me so silly</p> +<p class="i2">At Dawlish, by taking your arm—</p> +<p>Miss Manners, who always abused you,</p> +<p class="i2">For talking so much about Hock—</p> +<p>And her sister who often amused you,</p> +<p class="i2">By raving of rebels and Rock;</p> +<p>And something which surely would answer,</p> +<p class="i2">A heiress, quite fresh from Bengal—</p> +<p>So, though you were seldom a dancer,</p> +<p class="i2">You'll dance, just for once, at our Ball.</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p>But out on the world!—from the flowers</p> +<p class="i2">It shuts out the sunshine of truth;</p> +<p>It blights the green leaves in the bowers,</p> +<p class="i2">It makes an old age of our youth:</p> +<p>And the flow of our feeling, once in it,</p> +<p class="i2">Like a streamlet beginning to freeze,</p> +<p>Though it cannot turn ice in a minute,</p> +<p class="i2">Grows harder by sullen degrees—</p> +<p>Time treads o'er the grave of Affection;</p> +<p class="i2">Sweet honey is turned into gall.</p> +<p>Perhaps you have no recollection</p> +<p class="i2">That ever you danced at our Ball.</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p>You once could be pleased with our ballads—</p> +<p class="i2">To-day you have critical ears:</p> +<p>You once could be charmed with our salads—</p> +<p class="i2">Alas! you've been dining with Peers—</p> +<p>You trifled and flirted with many—-</p> +<p class="i2">You've forgotten the when and the how—</p> +<p>There was <i>one</i> you liked better than any—</p> +<p class="i2">Perhaps you've forgotten <i>her</i> now.</p> +<p>But of those you remember most newly,</p> +<p class="i2">Of those who delight or enthrall,</p> +<p>None love you a quarter so truly</p> +<p class="i2">As some you will find at our Ball.</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p>They tell me you've many who flatter,</p> +<p class="i2">Because of your wit and your song—</p> +<p>They tell me (and what does it matter?)</p> +<p class="i2">You like to be praised by the throng—</p> +<p>They tell me you're shadowed with laurel,</p> +<p class="i2">They tell me you're loved by a Blue—</p> +<p>They tell me you're sadly immoral,</p> +<p class="i2">Dear Clarence, <i>that</i> cannot be true!</p> +<p>But to me you are still what I found you</p> +<p class="i2">Before you grew clever and tall—</p> +<p>And you'll think of the spell that once bound you—</p> +<p class="i2">And you'll come—<i>won't</i> you come?—to our Ball!</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p class="i10"> <i>London Magazine.</i></p> + </div> </div> + +<hr /> + + +<h3>PARTY.</h3> + + +<p>Two dogs cannot worry one another in +the streets without instantly forming each +his party among the crowd; much more +then does the principle apply to higher +contests.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + + +<h2><b>The Anecdote Gallery.</b></h2> + +<hr /> + + +<h3>MOLIERE.</h3> + + +<p>At the town of Pezénas they still show +an elbow-chair of Molière's (as at Montpelier +they show the gown of Rabelais,) +in which the poet, it is said, ensconced in +a corner of a barber's shop, would sit for +the hour together, silently watching the +air, gestures, and grimaces of the village +politicians, who, in those days, before +coffee-houses were introduced into France, +used to congregate in this place of resort. +The fruits of this study may be easily +discerned in those original draughts of +character from the middling and lower +classes with which his pieces everywhere +abound.</p> + +<p>Molière's celebrated farce of <i>Les Précieuses +Ridicules</i>; a piece in only one +act, but which, by its inimitable satire, +effected such a revolution in the literary +taste of his countrymen, as has been accomplished +by few works of a more imposing +form—may be considered as the +basis of the dramatic glory of Molière, +and the dawn of good comedy in France. +The satire aimed at a coterie of wits who +set themselves up as arbiters of taste and +fashion, and was welcomed with enthusiastic +applause, most of them being present +at the first exhibition, to behold the +fine fabric, which they had been so painfully +constructing, brought to the ground +by a single blow. "And these follies," +said Ménage to Chapelin, "which you +and I see so finely criticised here, are +what we have been so long admiring. +We must go home and burn our idols." +"Courage, Molière," cried an old man +from the pit; "this is genuine comedy." +The price of the seats was doubled from +the time of the second representation. +Nor were the effects of the satire merely +transitory. It converted an epithet of +praise into one of reproach; and a <i>femme +precieuse</i>, a <i>style precieux</i>, a <i>ton precieux</i>, +once so much admired, have ever +since been used only to signify the most +ridiculous affectation. There was, in +truth, however, quite as much luck as +merit, in this success of Molière; whose +production exhibits no finer raillery, or +better sustained dialogue, than are to be +found in many of his subsequent pieces. +It assured him, however, of his own +strength, and disclosed to him the mode +in which he should best hit the popular +taste. "I have no occasion to study +Plautus or Terence any longer," said he, +"I must henceforth, study the world." +The world accordingly was his study; +and the exquisite models of character +which it furnished him, will last as long +as it shall endure.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page143" id="page143"></a>[pg 143]</span> +Though an habitual valetudinarian, +Molière relied almost wholly on the temperance +of his diet for the reestablishment +of his health. "What use do you +make of your physician?" said the king +to him one day. "We chat together, +Sire," said the poet. "He gives me his +prescriptions; I never follow them; and +so I get well."</p> + +<p>In Molière's time, the profession of a +comedian was but lightly esteemed in +France at this period. Molière experienced +the inconveniences resulting from +this circumstance, even after his splendid +literary career had given him undoubted +claims to consideration. Most of our readers +no doubt, are acquainted with the +anecdote of Belloc, an agreeable poet of +the court, who, on hearing one of the servants +in the royal household refuse to aid +the author of the <i>Tartuffe</i> in making the +king's bed, courteously requested "the +poet to accept his services for that purpose." +Madame Campan's anecdote of +a similar courtesy, on the part of Louis +the Fourteenth, is also well known; who, +when several of these functionaries refused +to sit at table with the comedian, +kindly invited him to sit down with him, +and, calling in some of his principal +courtiers, remarked that "he had requested +the pleasure of Molière's company +at his own table, as it was not +thought quite good enough for his officers." +This rebuke had the desired +effect.</p> + +<p>Molière died in 1673, he had been long +affected by a pulmonary complaint, and +it was only by severe temperance that he +was enabled to preserve even a moderate +degree of health. At the commencement +of the year, his malady sensibly increased. +At this very season, he composed his +<i>Malade Imaginaire</i>; the most whimsical, +and perhaps the most amusing of the +compositions, in which he has indulged +his raillery against the faculty. On the +17th of February, being the day appointed +for its fourth representation, his +friends would have dissuaded him from +appearing, in consequence of his increasing +indisposition. But he persisted in +his design, alleging "that more than +fifty poor individuals depended for their +daily bread on its performance." His +life fell a sacrifice to his benevolence. +The exertions which he was compelled to +make in playing the principal part of +<i>Argan</i> aggravated his distemper, and as +he was repeating the word <i>juro</i>, in the +concluding ceremony, he fell into a convulsion, +which he vainly endeavoured to +disguise from the spectators under a +forced smile. He was immediately carried +to his house, in the <i>Rue de Richelieu</i>, +now No. 34. A violent fit of +coughing, on his arrival, occasioned the +rupture of a blood-vessel; and seeing +his end approaching, he sent for two ecclesiastics +of the parish of St. Eustace, +to which he belonged, to administer to +him the last offices of religion. But +these worthy persons having refused their +assistance, before a third, who had been +sent for, could arrive, Molière, suffocated +with the effusion of blood, had expired +in the arms of his family.</p> + +<p>Molière died soon after entering upon +his fifty-second year. He is represented +to have been somewhat above the middle +stature, and well proportioned; his features +large, his complexion dark, and his +black, bushy eye-brows so flexible, as to +admit of his giving an infinitely comic +expression to his physiognomy. He was +the best actor of his own generation, and +by his counsels, formed the celebrated +Baron, the best of the succeeding. He +played all the range of his own characters, +from <i>Alceste</i> to <i>Sganarelle</i>; though +he seems to have been peculiarly fitted +for broad comedy.</p> + +<p>He produced all his pieces, amounting +to thirty, in the short space of fifteen +years. He was in the habit of reading +these to an old female domestic, by the +name of La Forêt; on whose unsophisticated +judgment he greatly relied. On +one occasion when he attempted to impose +upon her the production of a brother author, +she plainly told him that he had +never written it. Sir Walter Scott may +have had this habit of Molière's in his +mind, when he introduced a similar expedient +into his "Chronicles of the Canongate." +For the same reason, our +poet used to request the comedians to +bring their children with them, when he +recited to them a new play. The peculiar +advantage of this humble criticism, in +dramatic compositions, is obvious. Alfieri +himself, as he informs us, did not +disdain to resort to it.</p> + +<p>Molière was naturally of a reserved +and taciturn temper; insomuch that his +friend Boileau used to call him the <i>Contemplateur</i>. +Strangers who had expected +to recognise in his conversation the sallies +of wit which distinguished his dramas, +went away disappointed. The same thing +is related of La Fontaine. The truth is, +that Molière went into society as a spectator, +not as an actor; he found there +the studies for the characters, which he +was to transport upon the stage; and he +occupied himself with observing them. +The dreamer, La Fontaine, lived too in +a world of his own creation. His friend, +Madame de la Sablière, paid to him this +untranslateable compliment; "En vérité, +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page144" id="page144"></a>[pg 144]</span> +mon cher La Fontaine, vous seriez bien +bête, si vous n'aviez pas tant d'esprit." +These unseasonable reveries brought him, +it may be imagined, into many whimsical +adventures. The great Corneille, too, +was distinguished by the same apathy. +A gentleman dined at the same table +with him for six months, without suspecting +the author of the "Cid."</p> + +<p>Molière enjoyed the closest intimacy +with the great Condé, the most distinguished +ornament of the court of Louis +the Fourteenth; to such an extent indeed, +that the latter directed, that the +poet should never be refused admission to +him, at whatever hour he might choose +to pay his visit. His regard for his +friend was testified by his remark, rather +more candid than courteous, to an Abbé +of his acquaintance, who had brought +him an epitaph, of his own writing, upon +the deceased poet. "Would to heaven," +said the prince, "that he were in a condition +to bring me yours."</p> + +<hr /> + + +<h3>DOMESTIC HABITS OF NAPOLEON.</h3> + + +<p>At nine o'clock the emperor came out of +his sleeping apartments, dressed for the +whole day. First the officers on duty +were admitted, and received their orders +for the day. Then the <i>grandes entrees</i> +and the officers of the household not on +duty were introduced; and if any one +had any particular communication to +make, he staid till the public audience +was concluded. At half after nine o'clock +Napoleon breakfasted, on a small mahogany +table with one leg, and covered with +a napkin. The prefect of the palace stood +close by this table, with his hat under +his arm. The breakfast rarely lasted beyond +eight minutes. Sometimes, however, +men of science or literature, or distinguished +artists, were admitted at this +time, with whom Napoleon is represented +to have conversed in an easy and lively +style. Amongst these were M. Monge, +Costaz, Denon, Bertholet, Corvisart, David, +Gerard, Isabey, Talma, and Fontaine. +Dinner was served at six o'clock; +the emperor and the empress dined alone +on the common days of the week, but on +Sunday all the imperial family attended, +upon which occasion Napoleon, the empress, +and Madame Mère had arm-chairs, +and the rest chairs without arms. There +was only one course. The emperor drank +no wine but Chambertin, and that usually +mixed with water. Dinner lasted in general +from fifteen to twenty minutes. All +this time the prefect of the palace had to +superintend the affair <i>en grand</i>, and to +answer any questions put to him. In the +drawing-room a page presented to the +emperor a waiter with a cup and a sugar-stand. +Le chef d'office poured out the +coffee; the empress took the cup from +the emperor; the page and the chef +d'office retired; the prefect waited till the +empress had poured the coffee into the +saucer and given it to Napoleon. After +this the emperor went to his papers again, +and the empress played at cards. Sometimes +he would come and talk a little +while with the people of the household in +the apartments of the empress, but not +often, and he never staid long. Upon +his retiring, the officers on duty attended +the audience <i>du coucher</i>, and received +their orders for the morrow. This was +the ordinary economy of the emperor's +time, when not with the army.</p> + +<p>Napoleon read the English newspapers +every day in French, and M. de Bausset +says the translation was rigorously exact. +One day in January, 1811, the emperor +gave some of these extracts to de B., and +ordered him to read them aloud during +dinner. The prefect got on pretty well, +till he stumbled at some uncouth epithets, +with which he was puzzled how to +deal, especially in the presence of the +empress, and a room full of domestics. +He blew his nose, and skipped the words—"No!" +said Napoleon, "read out! +you will find many more." "I should +be wanting—" "Read, I tell you," repeated +the emperor, "read every thing!" +At last de B. ran upon "tyrant or despot," +which he commuted for "emperor." Napoleon +caught the paper out of his hands, +read the real phrase aloud, and then ordered +M. de B. to continue. These translations +used to be made by Maret, Duke +of Bassano.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + + +<h2><b>The Gatherer.</b></h2> + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p>"A snapper-up of unconsidered trifles."</p> +<p class="i10"> SHAKSPEARE.</p> + </div> </div> + +<hr /> + + +<h3>RETENTIVE MEMORY.</h3> + + +<p>The historian, Fuller, in 1607, had a +most retentive memory; he could repeat +500 strange, unconnected words, after +twice hearing them; and a sermon verbatim, +after reading it once. He undertook, +after passing from Temple Bar to +the farthest part of Cheapside and back +again, to mention all the signs over the +shops on both sides of the streets, repeated +them backwards and forwards, and +performed the task with great exactness.</p> + +<p>J.T.S.</p> + +<hr /> + + +<h3>EVE'S TOMB.</h3> + + +<p>About two miles northward of Djidda +is shown the tomb of Howa (Eve), the +mother of mankind; it is, as I was informed, +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page145" id="page145"></a>[pg 145]</span> +a rude structure of stone, about +four feet in length, two or three feet in +height, and as many in breadth; thus +resembling the tomb of Noah, seen in the +valley of Bekaa, in Syria—<i>Burckhardt's +Travels in Arabia</i>.</p> + +<hr /> + + +<h3>ACROSTIC ON THE EYES.</h3> + + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p>E nchanting features! how thy beauties charm;</p> +<p>Y e magic orbs, in which for ever dwell</p> +<p>E ach varying passion, from the bosom warm,</p> +<p>S ilently ye express what language ne'er, can tell.</p> +<p class="i10"> C.J.T.</p> + </div> </div> + +<hr /> + + +<h3>VOLTAIRE.</h3> + + +<p>When Voltaire was once ridiculing our +immortal author of "Paradise Lost," in +the presence of Dr. Young, it is said the +latter delivered the following extempore:</p> + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p>"Thou art so witty, profligate, and thin,</p> +<p> Thou seem'st a Milton, with his Death and Sin."</p> +<p class="i10"> R.Y.</p> + </div> </div> + +<hr /> + +<h3>VENTILATION.</h3> + +<p>Garrick told Cibber, "that his pieces +were the best ventilators to his theatre at +Drury Lane; for as soon as any of them +were played, the audience directly left the +house."</p> + +<hr /> + +<h3>ACROSTIC TO BRAHAM.</h3> + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p>B ear not away ye gales that sound!</p> +<p>R apture be mute, nor breathe one sigh!</p> +<p>A ttentive angels hover round—</p> +<p>H eaven listens to his melody;</p> +<p>A nd all the spheres' harmonious strings</p> +<p>M ove in celestial strains when Braham sings!</p> +<p class="i10"> G.J.T.</p> + </div> </div> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p>This day is published, price 5<i>s</i>. with a Frontispiece, +and thirty other Engravings, the</p> + +<h4><b>ARCANA OF SCIENCE, AND ANNUAL +REGISTER OF THE USEFUL ARTS, +FOR 1829.</b></h4> + +<p>The MECHANICAL department contains ONE +HUNDRED New Inventions and Discoveries, with +14 <i>Engravings</i>.</p> + +<p>CHEMICAL, SEVENTY articles, with 2 <i>Engravings</i>.</p> + +<p>NATURAL HISTORY, 135 New Facts and Discoveries, +with 7 <i>Engravings</i>.</p> + +<p>ASTRONOMICAL and METEOROLOGICAL PHENOMENA—35 +articles—6 <i>Engravings</i>.</p> + +<p>AGRICULTURE, GARDENING, and RURAL ECONOMY, +100 <i>Articles</i>.</p> + +<p>DOMESTIC ECONOMY 50 <i>Articles</i>.</p> + +<p>USEFUL ARTS, 50 <i>Articles</i>.</p> + +<p>FINE ARTS.</p> + +<p>PUBLIC IMPROVEMENTS.</p> + +<p>MISCELLANEOUS REGISTER, &c.</p> + +<p>"We hope the editor will publish a similar +volume annually."—<i>Gardener's Magazine</i>.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> +<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote1" name="footnote1"></a><b>Footnote 1:</b><a href="#footnotetag1"> (return) </a><p>See No. 356 of the MIRROR, "Valentine's Day."</p></blockquote> + +<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote2" name="footnote2"></a><b>Footnote 2:</b><a href="#footnotetag2"> (return) </a><p>See MIRROR, No. 306, p 234.</p></blockquote> + +<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote3" name="footnote3"></a><b>Footnote 3:</b><a href="#footnotetag3"> (return) </a><p> WHITEHALL was originally erected in the +year 1243, by Hubert de Burgh, Earl of Kent, +who bequeathed it to the House of the Blackfriars, +near "<i>Oldborne</i>," where he was buried. +It was afterwards purchased by Walter Gray, +Archbishop of York, who made it his town residence, +and at his death, left it to that See, +whence it acquired the name of <i>York House</i>. +Cardinal Wolsey, on his preferment to the +Archbishoprick of York, resided here, in great +state; but on his premunire it was forfeited (or +as some authors assert had been previously +given by him,) to the king. Henry VIII. made +it his principal residence, and greatly enlarged +it, the ancient and royal palace of Westminster +having fallen to decay; at the same time he enclosed +the adjoining park of St. James's, which +appertained to this palace as well as to that of +St. James's, which that monarch had erected on +the site of an ancient hospital, founded before +the conquest for "leprous sisters." For some +curious details of Wolsey's magnificence and +ostentation during his residence at York Place, +we refer the reader to the second volume of Mr. +Brayley's <i>Londiniana</i>.</p></blockquote> + +<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote4" name="footnote4"></a><b>Footnote 4:</b><a href="#footnotetag4"> (return) </a><p>Hall's "Chronicle," p. 794. edit. 1809.</p></blockquote> + +<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote5" name="footnote5"></a><b>Footnote 5:</b><a href="#footnotetag5"> (return) </a><p>Holinshed says, "he married priuilie the +Lady Anne Bullougne the same daie, being the +<i>14th daie of Nouember</i>, and the feast daie of +Saint Erkenwald; which marriage was kept so +secret, that verie few knew it till Easter next +insuing, when it was perceiued that she was +with child."—"Chronicles," vol. iii. p. 929. +edit. 1587.</p></blockquote> + +<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote6" name="footnote6"></a><b>Footnote 6:</b><a href="#footnotetag6"> (return) </a><p> Hume and Henry place the marriage in November. +Lingard and Sharon Turner in January.</p></blockquote> + +<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote7" name="footnote7"></a><b>Footnote 7:</b><a href="#footnotetag7"> (return) </a><p>Vide Stow's "Annals," by Howes, p. 562. +edit. 1633. "King Henry priuily married the +Lady Anne Boleigne on the fiue and twentieth +of January, being <i>St. Paul's daie</i>: Mistresse +Anne Sauage bore vp Queene Annes traine, and +was herselfe shortly after marryed to the Lord +Barkley. Doctor Rowland Lee, that marryed +the King to Queene Anne, was made Bishop of +Chester, then Bishop of Coventry and Lichfield, +and President of Wales."</p></blockquote> + +<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote8" name="footnote8"></a><b>Footnote 8:</b><a href="#footnotetag8"> (return) </a><p>Harleian MSS. No. 6148. This letter is +quoted by Burnet in the first volume of his +"History of the Reformation:" it may be found +printed entire in the eighteenth volume of the +"Archæologia:" and also in the second volume +of Ellis's "Original Letters," first series, p. 33. +The MS. consists of a rough copy-book of the +Archbishop's letters, in his own hand writing.</p></blockquote> + +<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote9" name="footnote9"></a><b>Footnote 9:</b><a href="#footnotetag9"> (return) </a><p>Wyatt's Life of "Queen Anne Boleigne." +Vide Appendix to Cavendish's "Life of Wolsey," +by Singer, vol. ii. p. 200. This interesting memoir +was written at the close of the sixteenth +century, (with the view of subverting the calumnies +of Sanders,) by George Wyatt, Esq, grandson +of the poet of the same name, and sixth +son and heir of Sir Thomas Wyatt, who was decapitated +in the reign of Queen Mary, for his +insurrection.</p></blockquote> + +<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote10" name="footnote10"></a><b>Footnote 10:</b><a href="#footnotetag10"> (return) </a><p>"Annales," p. 51. edit. 1616. "Ulterioris +moræ perlæsus Rex, Boleniam suam iam tandem +Januarij 25, duxit uxorem, sed clauculum, +& paucissimis testibus adhibitis." Polydor Virgil +makes no mention of the period of the marriage, +he only says, "in matrimonium duxit +Annam Bulleyne, quam paulò antè amare cæperat. +ex quâ suscepit filiam nomine Elizabeth." +p. 689. edit. 1570.</p></blockquote> + +<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote11" name="footnote11"></a><b>Footnote 11:</b><a href="#footnotetag11"> (return) </a><p>Hume's "History of England," vol. iv. p 3.</p></blockquote> + +<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote12" name="footnote12"></a><b>Footnote 12:</b><a href="#footnotetag12"> (return) </a><p>Lingard's "History of England," vol. iv. +p. 190. 4to edit.</p></blockquote> + +<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote13" name="footnote13"></a><b>Footnote 13:</b><a href="#footnotetag13"> (return) </a><p>Vide Speed's "Annals," p. 1029.</p></blockquote> + +<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote14" name="footnote14"></a><b>Footnote 14:</b><a href="#footnotetag14"> (return) </a><p> "Life and Raigne of Henry the Eighth," +p. 341. edit. 1649.</p></blockquote> + +<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote15" name="footnote15"></a><b>Footnote 15:</b><a href="#footnotetag15"> (return) </a><p>Harleian MSS. No. 787.</p></blockquote> + +<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote16" name="footnote16"></a><b>Footnote 16:</b><a href="#footnotetag16"> (return) </a><p>Queen Elizabeth was born at the ancient +Palace of Greenwich, or as it was then called, +"the Manner of Plesaunce," one of the favourite +residences of Henry VIII.</p></blockquote> + +<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote17" name="footnote17"></a><b>Footnote 17:</b><a href="#footnotetag17"> (return) </a><p> Rutherglen, in Lanarkshire, has also long +been celebrated for baking <i>sour cakes</i>—<i>See</i> +vol. X. MIRROR, p 316.—I am of opinion these +cakes are of precisely the same make and origin +as those to which the writer alludes under the +above name of "<i>sour cakes</i>," which I presume +he must have forgotten the name of. I should +have mentioned, that when these cakes (for they +are frequently called <i>avver cakes</i>) are baked, +the fire must be of wood; they never bake them +over any other fire. These cakes are of a remarkably +strong, sour taste. I should further +note, that the <i>girdle</i> is attached to a "crane" +affixed in the chimney.</p></blockquote> + +<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote18" name="footnote18"></a><b>Footnote 18:</b><a href="#footnotetag18"> (return) </a><p>Quasi Townsend</p></blockquote>. + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p><i>Printed and Published by J. LIMBIRD, 143, +Strand. (near Somerset House,) London; sold +by ERNEST FLEISCHER, 626, New Market, +Leipsic; and by all Newsmen and Booksellers</i>.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<div>*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 12898 ***</div> +</body> +</html> |