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diff --git a/old/12343.txt b/old/12343.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..b2659c4 --- /dev/null +++ b/old/12343.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2099 @@ +Project Gutenberg's The Art of Iugling or Legerdemaine, by Samuel Rid + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: The Art of Iugling or Legerdemaine + +Author: Samuel Rid + +Release Date: May 14, 2004 [EBook #12343] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ASCII + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE ART OF IUGLING OR LEGERDEMAINE *** + + + + +Produced by Robert Shimmin, David King, and the Online Distributed +Proofreading Team + + + + + + + + + + + THE + + Art of Iugling or + + Legerdemaine. + + + Wherein is deciphered, all the + conueyances of Legerdemaine and Iugling, + how they are effected, + & wherin they chiefly consist. + + Cautions to beware of cheating + at Cardes and Dice. + + The detection of the beggerly Art + of Alcumistry, + &, + The foppery of foolish cousoning Charmes. + + All tending to mirth and recreation, especially + for those that desire to haue the insight and + priuate practise thereof. + + + By _S.R._ + + _Quod noua testa capit, Inueterata sapit._ + + 1612. + + + + + TO THE INGENIOVS GENTLEMAN, + and my louing father, Mr. + WILLIAM BVBB. + + + _This short conceipt, that I haue writ of late, + To you kinde Father _BVBB_, I dedicate, + Not that I meane heereby (good sir) to teach, + For I confesse, your skills beyond my reach: + But since before with me much time you spent, + Good reason then, first fruits I should present: + That thankefull [*] Bird that leaues one young behinde, + Ensamples me, to bear a thankefull minde: + Vngratefull he, that thankes can not repay + To him, that hath deseru'd it euery way: + Accept (kinde Sir) my loue, that being doone, + I aske no more, desire no other Boone._ + + Your Lo: sonne in all loue, + SA: RID. + + + [* Sidenote: The nature of this Bird is: that building her nest + vnder the couer of houses (as the Swallow doth with vs) leaue + euer behinde her for the owner of the house, one young one, in + token of her thankfulnesse: and as I may say, for pawne of her + rent.] + + + + + TO HIS LOVING FRIEND AND + adopted Sonne Mr. _Sa: Rid_. + + +_Most worthy sonne, + +Your labour and obseruance heerein, with the gift of your first +fruits, is both worthy commendations and acceptance: and to cherrish +you further in this your discouery, I will giue an addition to your +second treatise. So I leaue you to God: and belieue you, not a more +louing friend then,_ + + William Bubb. + + + + + _To the curteous Reader._ + + +There goeth a prety Fable of the Moone: On a time she earnestly +besought her mother to prouide her a garment, comely and fit for her +body: how can that bee sweete daughter (quoth the mother) sith that +your body neuer keepes it selfe at one staye, nor at one certaine +estate, but changeth euery day in the month, nay euery houre? The +application heereof needes no interpretation: Fantasie and foolery who +can please? and desire who can humour? no Camelion changeth his +coulour as affection, nor any thing so variable a _Populus Chorus +Fluuius_. + +I would with all my heart, euery Author that had done no better then I +haue, had done no worse: and it were to be wished that some +caprichious Coxecombes, with their desperate wits, were not so forward +to disbowell the entrails of their own ouerweening, singular, +infectious, & pestiferous thoughts, as I knowe some. + +But I cannot stand all day nosing of Candlestickes; meane time beare +with a plaine man: whatsoeuer I haue now done, I hope no exception can +be taken, it is for your mirth and recreation (and I pray you so take +it.) let such as will needes barke at the Moone, yell till their +hearts ake: Gentle and Gentlemens spirits, wil take all kindely that +is kindely presented. + + _Yours in loue_ + S.R. + + + + + THE + Art of Iugling or + Legerdemaine. + + +Heretofore we haue runne ouer the two pestiferous carbuncles in the +commonwealth, the Egyptians and common Canters: the poore Canters we +haue canuased meetely well, it now remaines to proceede where I left, +ond to goe forward with that before I promised: St. _Quintane_ be my +good speede, I know I haue runne thorow the hands of many, censured of +diuers, & girded at not of a few: But humanity is euer willinger to +loue then hate: curtesie much forwarder to commend then dispraise: +clemency infinitely proner to absolue then to condemn. Is it not +possible to find sauery hearbs among netles, roses among prickles, +berries among bushes, marrow among bones, grain among stubble, and a +little corne among a great deale of chaffe? In the rankest and +strongest poysons, pure and sweet balmes may be distilled, and some +matter or other worthy to be remembred may be embraced, whosoeuer is +Author. There is nothing so exceeding foolish but hath bene defended +by some wise man, nor any thing so passing wise, but hath bene +confuted by some foole: Tut, St. _Barnard_ saw not all things, and the +best cart may eftsoones ouerthrow: That curld pate _Rufus_ that goes +about with _Zoylus_ to carpe and finde fault, must bring the Standard +of iudgement with him, and make wisedome the moderater of his wit, +otherwise they may be like to purchase to themselues the worshipfull +names of _Dunces_ and _Dottipoles_. So much by the way. + +These kinde of people about an hundred yeares agoe, about the twentith +yeare of King _Henry_ the eight, began to gather an head, at the first +heere about the Southerne parts, and this (as I am informed) and as I +can gather, was their beginning. + +Certaine Egiptians banished their cuntry (belike not for their good +conditions) ariued heere in England, who being excellent in quaint +trickes and deuises, not known heere at that time among vs, were +esteemed and had in great admiration, for what with strangenesse of +their attire and garments, together with their sleights and +legerdemaines, they were spoke of farre and neere, insomuch that many +of our English loyterers ioyned with them, and in time learned their +craft and cosening. The speach which they vsed was the right Egiptian +language, with whome our Englishmen conuersing with, at last learned +their language. These people continuing about the cuntry in this +fashion, practising their cosening art of fast and loose, and +legerdemaine, purchased to themselues great credit among the cuntry +people, and got much by Palmistry, and telling of fortunes: insomuch +they pittifully cosoned the poore cuntry girles, both of mony, siluer +spoones, and the best of their apparrell, or any good thing they could +make, onely to heare their fortunes. + +This _Giles Hather_ (for so was his name) together with his whore _Kit +Calot_, in short space had following them a pretty traine, he tearming +himselfe the King of Egiptians, and she the Queene, ryding about the +cuntry at their pleasures vncontrolled: at last about forty yeres +after, when their knauery began to be espied, and that their cosonages +were apparant to the world, (for they had continued neere thirty +yeares after this manner, pilling and polling, and cosening the +cuntry) it pleased the Councell to looke more narrowly into their +liues, and in a Parliament made in the first and second yeares of +_Phillip_ and _Mary_, there was a strict Statute made, that whosoeuer +should transport any Egiptians into this Realme, should forfeit forty +pounds: Moreouer, it was then enacted, that such fellowes as tooke +vpon them the name of Egiptians, aboue the age of fourteene, or that +shall come ouer and be transported into England, or any other persons, +and shall be seene in the company of vagabonds, calling themselues +Egiptians, or counterfeiting, transforming, or disguising themselues +by their apparrell, speach, or other behauiours like vnto Egiptians, +and so shall continue, either at one or seuerall times, by the space +of a month, they should be adiudged fellons, not allowed their booke +or Clergy. These Acts and Statutes now put forth, and come to their +hearing, they deuide their bands and companies into diuers parts of +the Realme: for you must imagine and know that they had aboue two +hundred roagues and vagabonds in a Regiment: and although they went +not altogether, yet would they not be aboue two or three miles one +from the other, and now they dare no more be knowne by the name of +Egiptians, nor take any other name vpon them then poore people. But +what a number were executed presently vpon this statute, you would +wonder: yet not withstanding all would not preuaile: but still they +wandred, as before vp and downe, and meeting once in a yeere at a +place appointed: sometimes at the Deuils arse in peake in Darbishire, +and otherwhiles at Ketbrooke by Blackeheath, or elsewhere, as they +agreed still at their meeting. Then it pleased Queene _Elizabeth_ to +reuiue the Statute before mentioned, in the twentith yeare of her +happy raigne, endeauouring by all meanes possible to roote out this +pestiferous people, but nothing could be done, you see vntill this +day: they wander vp and downe in the name of Egiptians, cullouring +their faces and fashioning their attire and garment like vnto them, +yet if you aske what they are, they dare no otherwise then say, they +are Englishmen, and of such a shire, and so are forced to say contrary +to that they pretend. + +But to come a little neerer our purpose, these fellowes seeing that no +profit comes by wandring, but hazard of their liues, doe daily +decrease and breake off their wonted society, and betake themselues +many of them, some to be Pedlers, some Tinkers, some Iuglers, and some +to one kinde of life or other, insomuch that Iugling is now become +common, I meane the professors who make an occupation and profession +of the same: which I must needs say, that some deserue commendation +for the nimblenes and agillity of their hands, and might be thought to +performe as excellent things by their Legerdemaine, as any of your +wisards, witches, or magitians whatsoeuer. For these kinde of people +doe performe that in action, which the other do make shew of: and no +doubt many when they heare of any rare exploit performed which cannot +enter into their capacity, and is beyond their reach, straight they +attribute it to be done by the Deuill, and that they worke by some +familiar spirit, when indeede it is nothing els but meere illusion, +cosoning, and legerdemaine. For you haue many now adaies, and also +heeretofore many writers haue bene abused, as well by vntrue reports +as by illusion and practises of confederacy, & legerdemaine, &c. +Sometimes imputing to words that which resteth in nature, and +sometimes to the nature of the thing that which proceedeth of fraud +and deception of sight. But when these experiments growe to +superstition and impiety, they are either to be forsaken as vaine, or +denyed as false: howbeit, if these things be done for recreation and +mirth, and not to the hurt of our neighbour, nor to the prophaning and +abusing of Gods holy name: then sure they are neither impious nor +altogether vnlawfull, though heerein or heereby a naturall thing be +made to seeme supernaturall. And Gentlemen, if you will giue me +patience, I will lay open vnto you the right Art Iugling and +Legerdemain, in what poynt it doth chiefly consist: principally being +sorry that it thus fals out, to lay open the secrets of this mistery +to the hinderance of such poore men as liue thereby, whose doings +heerein are not onely tollerable, but greatly commendable, so they +abuse not the name of God, nor make the people to attribute vnto them +his power, but alwaies acknowledge wherein the Art consisteth. + +The true Art therefore of Iugling, consisteth in Legerdemaine: that +is, the nimble conueyance and right dexteritie of the hand, the which +is performed diuers waies, especially three: The first and princiall +consisteth in hiding & conueying of balls: The second in alteration of +money: The third in the shuffling of Cards: and he that is expert in +these, may shew many feates, and much pleasure. There are diuers and +rare experiments to be showne by confederacy, either priuate or +publike, all which in place conuenient, shall be spoken of. And +forasmuch as I professe rather to discouer then teach these misteries, +it shall suffice to signifie vnto you, that the endeauour and drift of +Iuglers, is onely to abuse mens eyes and iudgements: now then my +meaning is in wordes as plaine as I can, to rip up some proper tricks +of that Art, wherof some are pleasant & delectable, othersome dreadful +& desperate, and all but meere delusions and counterfeit actions, as +you shal soone see by due obseruation of euery knacke by me heereafter +deciphered: And first in order I will begin with the playes and +deuises of the ball, which are many: I will touch onely but a few, and +as in this, so in all the rest I will runne ouer slightly, yet as +plaine as I can. + + + + + Notes and obseruations to be marked of such as + desire to practise Legerdemaine. + + +Remember that a Iugler must set a good face vppon that matter he goeth +about, for a good grace and carriage is very requisite to make the art +more authenticall. + +Your feates and trickes then must be nimbly, cleanly, and swiftly +done, and conueyed so as the eyes of the beholders may not discerne or +perceaue the tricke, for if you be a bungler, you both shame your +selfe, and make the Art you goe about to be perceaued and knowne, and +so bring it into discredit. + +Wherefore vse and exercise makes a man ready. _Vsus promptus facit_, +and by that meanes your feats being cunningly handled, you shall +deceaue both the eye, the hand, and the eare: for often times it will +fall out in this arte, and deuises _Deceptio visus, Deceptio tactus, +et Deceptio Auditus_. + +Note also that you must haue none of your Trinckets wanting, least you +be put to a non plus: besides it behooueth you to be mindefull +whereabout you goe in euery trick, least you mistake, and so discredit +the arte. + +You must also haue your words of Arte, certaine strange words, that it +may not onely breed the more admiration to the people, but to leade +away the eie from espying the manner of your conuayance, while you may +induce the minde, to conceiue, and suppose that you deale with +Spirits: and such kinde of sentenses, and od speeches, are vsed in +diuers manners, fitting and correspondent to the action and feate that +you goe about. As Hey _Fortuna, furia, nunquam, Credo_, passe passe, +when come you Sirrah? or this way: hey Iack come aloft for thy masters +aduantage, passe and be gone, or otherwise: as _Ailif, Casil, zaze, +Hit, metmeltat, Saturnus, Iupiter, Mars, Sol, Venus, Mercurie, Luna?_ +or thus: _Drocti, Micocti, et Senarocti, Velu barocti, Asmarocti, +Ronnsee, Faronnsee_, hey passe passe: many such obseruations to this +arte, are necessary, without which all the rest, are little to the +purpose. + + + + + Feates of Legerdemaine vsed with the + Balls, with one or more. + + +Concerning the Ball, the playes and deuises thereof are infinite: +insomuch, as if you can vse them wel, you may shew an hundred feats, +but whether you seeme to throw the Ball into the ayre, or into your +mouth, or into your left hand, or as you list, it must be kept still +in your right hand: if you practise first with the leaden bullet, you +shall the sooner, and better do it with balls of Corke: the first +place at your first learning, where you are to bestow a great ball, is +in the palme of your hand, with your ring finger, but a small ball is +to be placed with your thumbe betwixt your ring finger and middle +finger: then are you to practise to do it betwixt your other fingers, +then betwixt the forefinger & the thumbe, with the forefinger & middle +finger ioyntly, and therein is the greatest and the strangest +conueying shewed. Lastly the same small ball is to be practised in the +palme of your hand, and so by vse, you shall not only seeme to put any +ball from you, and yet retaine it in your hand, but you shall keepe +fower or fiue, as clenly and certaine as one, this being first learned +and sleight attayned vnto, you shall worke wonderfull feates: as for +ensample. + +Note for this feate yow must haue fower boxes made in the manner of +extinguishers that are made to put out candles, but as big againe: but +for want of them, you may take smal candlesticks, or saltseller +couers, or som such like. + +Lay three or fower balls before you, and as many boxes or small +candlesticks &c, then first seeme to put one ball into your left hand, +and therewithall seeme to holde the same fast. Then take one of the +boxes &c. or any other thing (hauing a hollow foote, and being great) +and seeme to put the ball which is thought to be in your left hand +vnderneath the same, and so vnder the other candlesticks Boxes &c. +seeme to bestow the other balls, and all this while the beholders will +suppose each ball to be vnder each box, or candlestick &c. this done +vse some charme or forme of words (before set downe) as hey _Fortuna +furie nunquam credo_, passe passe: then take vp the candlestick with +one hand and blow, saying thats gone you see: and so likewise looke +vnder each candlestick with like grace and words (for you must +remember to carry a good grace and face on the matter) and the +beholders will wonder where they are become: But if you in lifting vp +the candlesticks with your right hand leaue all those three or fower +balls vnder one of them (as by vse you may easily doe) hauing turned +them all downe into your hand and holding them fast with your little, +and ring finger, and take the box or candlestick &c. with your other +fingers and cast the balls vp into the hollownes thereof (for so they +will not rowle so soone away) the standers by will be much astonished, +but it will seeme wonderfull strange, if also in shewing how there +remaineth nothing vnder an other of the said candlesticks taken vp +with your left hand you leaue behinde you a great ball, or any other +thing, the miracle will be the greater. For first, they will thinke +you haue pulled away all the balls by miracle, then that you haue +brought them againe by like meanes and they nether thinke, or looke +that any other thing remaineth behinde vnder any of them, and therfore +after many other feates don returne to your candlesticks, remembring +where you left the great ball, and in no wise touch the same, but +hauing another great ball about you, seeme to bestow the same in +manner and forme aforesaid vnder a candlestick which standeth farthest +from that where the ball lyeth, and when you shall with words and +charmes seeme to conuey the same ball from vnder the same box or +candlestick &c. (and afterward bring it vnder the box &c. which you +touched not) it will (I say) seeme wonderfull strange. + + + + + To make a little Ball swell in your hand + till it be very great. + + +Take a very great ball in your left hand, or three indifferent big +balls, and shewing one or three little balls, seeme to put them into +your said left hand, concealing (as you may well do) the other balls +which were there before: Then vse charmes, and words, and make them +seem to swell, and open your hand &c. This play is to be varied an +hundred waies for as you finde them all vnder the boxe or +candlesticke, so may you goe to a stander by, and take off his hat or +cap and shew the balls to be there, by conueying them thereinto as you +turne the bottome vpward. These things to them that know them are +counted ridiculous, but to those that are ignorant they are maruelous. + + + + + To consume, (or rather conuay) one or many + Balls into nothing. + + +If you take a ball or more, and seeme to put it into your other hand, +and whilst you vse charming words, you conuey them out of your right +hand into your lap, it will seeme strange, for when you open your left +hand, immediately the sharpest lookers on will say, it is in your +other hand, which also then you may open, and when they see nothing +there, they are greatly ouertaken. + + + + + An other pretty feat with Balls. + + +Take foure Balls, one of the which keep betweene your fore-finger and +your middle, laying the other three vpon the table, then take vp one +and put it into your left hand, and afterward take vp another, and +conuaying it and the other betweene your fingers into your left hand, +taking vp the third and seeming to cast it from you into the ayre, or +into your mouth, or else where you please, vsing some words or charmes +as before: the standers by when you aske them how many you haue in +your hand, will iudge there are no more then two, which when you open +your hand they shall see how they are deluded. But I will leaue to +speake of the ball any more, for heerein I might hold you all day, and +yet shall I not be able to teach you the vse of it, nor scarcely to +vnderstand what I meane or write, concerning it, vnlesse you haue had +some sight thereof heeretofore by demonstration: and alwaies remember +that the right hand be kept open and straight, only keepe the palme +from view: and therefore I will end with this miracle. + + + + + A feat, tending chiefly to laughter and mirth. + + +Lay one ball vpon your shoulder, an other on your arme, and the third +on the table: which because it is round and will not easily lye vpon +the point of your knife, you must bid a stander by, lay it theron, +saying, that you meane to cast all those three Balls into your mouth +at once: and holding a knife as a penne in your hand, when he is +laying vpon the poynt of your knife, you may easily with the haft rap +him on the fingers, for the other matter will be hard to doe. + +And thus much of the Balls. To come to the second principall part of +Legerdemaine, which is conuayance of mony, wherein by the way obserue +that the mony must not be of too small nor too great a circumference, +least either, it hinder the conuayance. + + + + + Of conueyance of mony. + + +The conueying of mony is not much inferiour to the Ball, but much +easier to doe: The principall place to keepe a peece of mony in, is +the palme of your hand: The best peece to keepe, is a testor, but with +exercise all will be alike, except the mony be very small, and then it +must bee kept betweene the fingers, and almost at the fingers end, +where as the ball is to be kept, and below neere to the palme. + + + + + To conuey mony out of one hand into the + other, by Legerdemaine. + + +First you must hold open your right hand and lay therin a testor or +counter, and then lay thereupon the top of your long left finger, and +vse words &c. and vpon the sudden slip your right hand from your +finger, wherewith you held downe the testor, and bending your hand a +very little, you shall retaine the testor therein, and sodainely (I +say) drawing your right hand thorough your left, you shal seeme to +haue left the testor there, especially when you shut in due time your +left hand, which that it may more plainely appeare to be truely done, +you may take a knife and seeme to knocke against it, so as it shall +make a great sound: but instead of knocking the peece in the left hand +(where none is) you shall hold the point of the knife fast with the +left hand, and knocke against the testor held in the other hand, and +it will be thought to hit against the mony in the left hand: then vse +words, and open the hand, and when nothing is seene, it will be +wondred at, how the testor was remoued. + + + + + To conuert or transubstantiat money into Counters, + or Counters into money. + + +An other way to deceaue the lookers on, is to doe as before with a +testor, and keeping a Counter in the palme of your left hand, secretly +to seeme to put the testor thereinto, which being retained still in +the right hand, when the left hand is opened, the testor will seeme to +be transubstantiated into a counter. + + + + + To put one Testor into one hand, and another into + an other hand, and with words to bring + them together. + + +He that hath once attayned to the facillity of reteyning one peece of +money in his right hand, may shew an hundred pleasant conceits by that +meanes, and may reserue two or three as well as one: and loe, then may +you seeme to put one peece into your left hand, and retaining it still +in your right hand, you may together therewith take vp another like +peece, and so with words seeme to bring both peeces together. + + + + + To put one testor into a strangers hand and an other + in your owne hand, and to conuay both into + the strangers hand with words. + + +Take two testors eeuenly set together, and put the same in stead of +one testor into a strangers hand: and then making as though you put +one testor into your left hand, with words you shall make it seeme +that you conuey the testor in your hand into the strangers hand: for +when you open your said left hand, there shall be nothing seene: and +he opening his hand, shall finde two where he thought was but one. By +this deuise I say an hundred conceits may be shewed. + + + + + To throwe a peece of money away and to finde it + againe where you please. + + +You may with the middle and ring-finger of the right hand, conuey a +testor into the palme of the same hand, and seeming to cast it away, +keepe it still, which with confederacy will seeme strange: to wit, +when you finde it againe, where another hath bestowed the very like +peece. But these things without exercise cannot be done, and therefore +I will proceede to shew things to be brought to passe by many, with +lesse difficulty, and yet as strange as the rest, which being +vnknowne, are maruelously commended, but being vnknowne, are derided +and nothing at all regarded. + + + + + To make a testor or a groat, leap out of a potte, or + run along vpon a table with words. + + +You shall see a Iugler take a testor or groate & throw it into a pot, +or lay it on the middest of the table, and with inchanting words cause +the same to leape out of the pot, or run towards him or from him wards +alongest the table, which will seeme miraculous, vntill that you know +that it is done with a long black haire of a womans head, fastned to +the brim of a groat by meanes of a little hole driuen through the same +with a spanish needle: in like sort you may vse a knife or any other +small thing. But if you would haue it to goe from you, you must haue a +confederate by which meanes all Iugling is greased, and amended. This +feate is the stranger if it be done by night, a candle placed betweene +the lookers on and the Iugler: for by that meanes the eysight is +hindred from deserning the conceyt. + + + + + A very pretty trick to make a groate or a testor to + sinck thorow a table, and to vanish out of + a hand kercheife very strangely. + + +A Iugler sometimes will borrow a groate or a testor, and marke it +before you, and seeme to put the same into a hand kercheife, and winde +it so that you may the better see and feele it: then will he take you +the handkercheif and bid you feele whether the groate be there or no: +And he will also require you to put the same vnder a candlestick or +some such thing: then will he send for a Bason and holding the same +vnder the boord right against the candlestick will vse certen words of +inchantments, and in short space you shall here the groat fall into a +bason: this done, one takes of the candlestick and the Iugler taketh +the handcarcheife by the tassell, and shaketh it: but the money is +gone, which seemeth as strange as any feate what soeuer: but being +knowne, the miracle is turned into a bable, for it is nothing but to +sowe a counter into the corner of a handkercher finely couered with a +peece of linnen little bigger then the counter, which corner you must +conuey in steede of the groat deliuered vnto you, in the middle of +your handkercheife, leauing the other eyther in your hand or lappe, +which afterwards you must seeme to pull through the board, letting it +fall into a bason. + + + + + To conuey one shilling being in one hand into + an other, holding your armes abroad + like to a roode. + + +Euermore it is necessary to mingle some merry toyes among your graue +miracles, as in this case of money: Take a shilling in each hand, and +holding your armes abroad, to lay a wager that you will put them both +into one hand without bringing them any whit nerer together: the wager +being layde, hold your armes abroad like a roode, and turning about +with your body, lay the shilling out of one of your hands vppon the +table, and turning to the other side take it vp with the other hand, +and so you shall winne your wager. + + + + + Of Cardes and Dice, with good cautions how to + auoyde cosenage therein: speciall rules to conuey and + handle the cardes, and the manner and order + how to accomplish all difficult, & strange + things wrought with cardes. + + +Hauing bestowed some wast money amonge you, I will set you to Cardes, +and Dice: A cupple of honest friends that drawe both in a yoke +together, which haue bin the ouerthrow, of many a hundred in this +Realme, and these are not the slightest matters whereuppon Iuglers +worke vpon, and shew their feates. By which kinde of Iugling, a great +number haue Iugled away, not only their money, but also their landes, +their health, their time, and their honestie: I dare not (as I could) +shew the lewde Iugling that cheaters practise, least it minister some +offence, to the well disposed: to the simple hurt and losse, and to +the wicked occasion of euill doing. But by the way I will a little +speake of dice, and the vse of them, as caueats, rather to let you +take heede of their cosonings, then to giue you light to follow their +doings: _Non ad imitandum sed ad cuitandum._ + +First, you must know a Langret, which is a die that simple men haue +seldom heard of, but often seene to their cost, and this is a well +fauoured die, and seemeth good and square, yet is it forged longer, +vppon the Cater, and Trea, then any other way: And therefore it is +called a Langret. Such be also cal'd bard Cater treas, because +commonly, the longer end will of his owne sway drawe downewards, and +turne vp to the eie, Sixe, Sincke, Deuce or Ace. The principall vse +of them is at _Nouum_, for so longe a paire of Bard cater treas be +walking on the bourd, so longe can ye not cast fiue, nor nine, vnles +it be by greate chance, that the roughnes of the table, or some other +stoppe force them to stay, and runne against their kinde: for without +Cater or trea, ye know that fiue or nine can neuer come. + +But you will say by this reason, he that hath the first dice, is like +alwaies to stripp and rob all the table about. To helpe this, there +must be for that purpose, an odd Die, called a flat Cater trea ready +at hand, and no other number, for graunting the trea and Cater be +allwaies vppon the one Die, then is there no chance vpon the other +Die, but may serue to make fiue or nine, & cast forth, & loose all. + +But now to share you what shifts they haue to bring the flat die in +and out, which is a iolly cunning property of Iugling, with them +called foysting: the which is nothing else but a slight, to carry +easly within the hand, as often as the foister list: so that when +either he or his partner shall cast the dice, the flat comes not +abroad, till hee hath made a great hand and won as much as him +listeth: otherwise the flat is euer one, vnlesse at few times vpon +purpose he suffer the silly soules to cast in a hand or two, to giue +them courage to continue the play, and liue in hope of winning. + +These things I know seeme very strange to the simple, and as yet +cannot sinke into their braine, how a man may carry so many dice in +one hand, and chop and change them so often, and neuer be espied: so +as before I tolde you, Iuglers conueyance seemeth to exceede the +compas of reason till you know the feat: but what is it that vse and +labour ouercometh not. To foyst finely and readily and with the same +hand to tell mony to and fro, is a thing hardly learned, and asketh a +bold spirit and long experience, though it be one of the first the +Cheater learneth. + +What should I speak any more of false dice, of fullons, high-men, +lowe-men, gourds, and brisled dice, grauiers, demies, and contraries, +all which haue his sundry vses: but it is not my meaning to stand on +this subiect: I would rather vse my pen, and spend my time, to +disswade and perswade all gamesters, to beware not onely with what +dice, but with what company and where they exercise gaming: and be +well assured Gentlemen that all the friendly entertainement you shall +finde amongst them is for no other end, but to perswade you to play, +and therby by to breede your great losse, if not altogether your +vndoing. + +Therefore vtterly forbeare to hazard any thing at dice, and liue in +doubt and suspition of cheating, wheresoeuer you play (vnles you know +your company very well) for the contagion of cheating, is now growne +so vniuersall, that they swarme in euery quarter: and therefore ye +cannot be in safety, vnles you shunne the company of such altogether. + +To leaue Dice and returne to Cardes, wherein is as much falsehood and +cosening as in Dice: I will therefore disclose as much in one as in +the other, for I would not giue a point to choose, which of them is +the better, or rather the worse, for there is such a slight in +shuffling and sorting of the Cardes, that play at what game you will, +all is lost before hand, but if there be a confederate: either of the +players or standers bie, the mischiefe can not be auoided. + +Beware therefore when you play among strangers of him that seemes +simple or drunken, for vnder their habit the most speciall cosoners +are presented, and while you thinke by their simplicitie and +imperfections to beguile them, (and thereof perchance are perswaded by +their confederates) your very friends as you thinke, you your selfe +will be most of all ouertaken. + +Beware also of betters by, and lookers on: and namely on them that bet +on your side: for whilst they looke on your game without suspition, +they discouer it by signes to your aduersaries, with whome they bet, +and yet are they confederates, whereof me thinkes this one aboue the +rest proceedeth from a fine inuention. + + + + + A tricke by confederacy at Cardes. + + +A Gamester, after he had bene often times bitten by Cheators, and +after much losse, grew very suspitious in his play, so that he would +not suffer any of the sitters by to be priuy to his game, for this the +Cheators deuised a new shift, that a woman should sit close by him, +and by the swift and slowe drawing of her needle, giue a token to the +Cheator what was the Cosens game. + +Other helpes there be, as to set the Cosen vpon the bench, with a +great Looking glasse behinde him on the wall, wherein the Cheator may +alwaies see what Cardes hee hath in his hand, So that a few ensamples +in stead of many that might be rehearsed, this one conclusion may be +gathered, that whosoeuer is giuen to play, and once sitteth amongst +them, it is great ods but that he shall rise a looser. + +But many there be that liue so continently, that nothing can perswade +them to put a penny in aduenture, and some againe are so vnskilfull +that lacke of cunning forceth them to forbeare play: but yet hard it +is for any man to fall into their company, but they will make him +stoope at one game or other: and for this purpose, their first drift +and intent is to seeke, by al meanes possible to vnderstand his +nature, and whereunto he is most inclined: if they find that he taketh +pleasure in the company of women, then seek they to strike him, at the +Sacking law: (as they tearme it) and take this alwaies for a rule, +that all the Baudes in the country be of the Cheaters familiar +acquaintance. + +Therefore it is not very hard for them at all times to prouide for +their amorous Cosen, a lewd lecherous Lady to keepe him louing +company: then fall they to banquetting, and carrowsing and hunting of +Tauernes, and much is the cost that this silly Cosen shall be at in +Iewels and apparrell, otherwise he shall not once get a graunt to haue +a kisse of his mistris lips: and euer in middle of their conference +she layeth in this reason, for her sake to put in twenty or thirty +crownes in aduenture at Cardes or Dice: you know not (quoth she) what +may be a womans lucke: if he refuse it, Lord how vnkindely she takes +the matter, and cannot be reconciled with lesse then a gowne or a +kirtle of silke. + +But now if these Cheaters perceaue that he esteemeth no bruised ware, +but is enamored with virginity, they haue a fine cast within an houres +warning, to make _Ione Siluerpin_ as good a maide as if she had neuer +come to the stewes: but to let these things passe, for offending of +chast eares, whose displeasure I would not incurre, for all the +cheates these gamesters get in a whole yeare. But to our purpose. + +There are two sorts of vsing the Cards, the one is in playing (with +one or more) games, as _Primero, Trumpe, Saunte, Decoye, &c._ + +The other vse of Cardes is to shew feates of Legerdemaine. + +Concerning the first, if it be vsed for recreation and not to the +prophaning of Gods holy name, nor hurt of our bretheren and neighbors, +they are to be tollerated: but now (more is the pitty) they are not +vsed in that fashion as they should be, but much hurt oft times +ariseth thereof. + +_Primero_ now as it is in great vse, so is there much deceite in it, +some play vppon the prick, some pinch the cardes priuily with their +nailes, some turne vp the corners, some marke them with fine spots of +Inck, some there be that trauell into Spaine and into Italie to learne +fine tricks and quaint conueyances, at cardes and returne home, and +winne much money with them here in England, but yet at the last they +are still ouer-reached by some fine wittes that devise new sleights +here at home. + +At _Trumpe, Saunte_, and such other like games, cutting at the nick, +is a great aduantage, so is cutting by _Bumcard_, finely vnder or +ouer: stealing the stock or the discarded Cardes. + +At _Decoye_ they drawe twentie hands together and play all vpon +assurance when to winne or loose, other helpes there be as I haue +before set downe, with a looking glasse and confederacy: all which and +such like, tende to cosoning and hurt of our brother: But we will +proceed with the other vse of Cardes, which tendeth to mirth and +recreation of minde and which in themselues simply is no hurt, vnles +they are abused. In shewing feats & Iugling with cardes the principall +poynt consisteth in shuffling them nimbly, and alwaies keeping one +certen carde either in the bottom or in some knowne place of the +stock, foure or fiue cardes from it, hereby you shall seeme to worke +wonders, for it will be easie for you to see or espie one, which +though you be perceiued to doe, it will not be suspected, if you +shuffle them well afterwards, and this note I must giue you, That in +reseruing the bottome carde, you must alwaies (whilst you shuffle) +keepe him a little before, or a little behind, all the cardes lying +vnderneath him, bestowing him (I say) eyther a little beyond his +fellowes before right ouer the fore finger, or else behinde the rest, +so as the little finger of the left hand may meete with it, which is +the esier and the readier, and the better way: in the beginning of +your shuffleing, shuffle as thick as you can, and in the end throw +vppon the deck the nether carde, (with so many moe at the least as you +would haue preserued for any purpose) a little before or behinde the +rest; prouided alwaies that your fore finger if the pack be laide +before, or the little finger if the pack lye behinde, creepe vp to +meete with the bottome carde, and not lye betwixt the cardes, and when +you feele it, you may there holde it vntill you haue shuffled ouer the +cardes againe, still leauing your kept carde below being perfect +herein, you may doe almost what you list with the cardes: By this +meanes what pack soeuer you make, though it consist of eight, twelue, +or twenty cardes, you may keepe them still together vnseuered next to +the nether carde, and yet shuffle them often to satisfie the curious +beholders, as for ensample, and for breuities sake, to shew you diuers +feates vnder one. + + + + + How to deliuer out foure Aces, and to conuert + them into foure Knaues. + + +Make a pack of eight cardes, to wit foure Knaues and foure Aces, and +although all the eight cardes must lie imediately together, yet must +ech Knaue and Ace be openly seauered, and the same eight cardes must +lie also in the lowest place of the bunch, then shuffle them so, as +alwaies at the second shuffling, or at least wise at the end of your +shuffling the said pack, and of the pack one ace may lye nethermost or +so as you may knowe where he goeth and lyeth, and alwaies I say let +your foresaid pack, with three or foure cardes more, lye vnseperablely +together, immediately vppon and with that ace, then vsing some speech +or other deuise, and putting your hand with the cardes to the edge of +the table, to hide the account, let out priuily a peece of the second +card, which is one of the knaues holding forth the stock in both your +hands, and shewing to the standers by the nether Card (which is the +ace or kept Card) couering also the head or peece of the knaue (which +is your next card) with your foure fingers: draw out the same knaue +laying it down an the Table: then shuffle again keeping your packe +whole, and so haue you two aces lying together in the bottome: & +therefore to reforme that disordered Card, as also for a grace and +countenance to that action, take off the vppermost Card of the +bunch, and thrust it into the middest of the Cards, and then take away +the nethermost Card, which is one of your aces, and bestow him +likewise: then may you begin as before, shewing an other ace, and in +stead thereof lay downe another knaue, and so forth, vntill instead of +your foure aces you haue laid downe foure knaues. The beholders all +this while thinking that there lye foure aces on the table, are +greatly abused, and will maruell at the transformation. + + + + + How to tell one what Card he seeth in the bottome, + when the same Carde is shuffled into the stock. + + +When you haue seene a Card priuily, or as though you marked it not, +lay the same vndermost, and shuffle the Cards as before you were +taught, till your Card ly againe belowe in the bottom: then shew the +same to the beholders, willing them to remember it, then shuffle the +Cards or let any shuffle them, for you know the Cardes already, and +therefore may at any time tell them what Carde they saw, which +neuerthelesse would be done with great circumstance and shew of +difficultie. + + + + + A strange & excellent tricke to hold foure Kings in the + hand, and by words to transform them into foure + Aces, and after to make them all blancke + Cardes, one after another. + + +You shall see a Iugler take foure Kings and no more in his hand, and +apparantly shew you them, then after some words and charmes, he will +throwe them downe before you vpon the table, taking one of the Kings +away and adding but one other Card: then taking them vp againe and +blowing vpon them, will shew you them transformed into blancke Cardes, +white on both sides: after vsing charmes againe, throwing them downe +as before, (with the faces downeward) will take them vp againe and +shew you foure Aces, blowing still vpon them, that it may breede the +more wonder, which tricke in my minde is nothing inferiour to the +rest: and being not knowne, will seeme wonderfull strange to the +spectators, yet after you knowe it, you can not but say the tricke is +pretty. Now therefore to accomplish this feate, you must haue Cardes +made for the purpose, (halfe Cardes ye may call them) that is the one +halfe kings the other part aces, so that laying the aces, one ouer the +other, nothing but the kings will be seene, and then turning the kings +downward, the foure aces will be seene: prouided you must haue two +whole, one whole king to couer one of the aces, or els it will be +perceaued, and the other an ace to lay ouer the kings, when you meane +to shew the aces: then when you will make them all blancke, lay the +Cards a little lower, and hide the aces and they will appeare all +white. The like you may make of the foure knaues, putting vppon them +the foure fiues, and so of the rest of the Cardes: But this can not be +well shewed you without demonstration. + +Hitherto I haue intreated of the three principall kinds of Iugling, +now it remaineth in order to speake of Iugling by confederacy, which +is either priuate or publike. + +Priuate conspiracy is, when one (by a speciall plot laid by himselfe, +without any compact made with others) perswadeth the beholders, that +he will suddenly and in their presence, doe some miraculous feate, +which he hath already accomplished priuately: as for ensample, he will +shew you a carde or any other like thing, and will say further unto +you, behold and see what a marke it hath, and then burneth it, and +neuertheles fetcheth another like Card, so marked out of some bodies +pocket, or out of some corner, where he himselfe before had placed it, +to the wonder and astonishment of simple beholders, which conceaue not +that kinde of illusion, but expect miracles and strange workes. + +I haue read of a notable exploit done before a King by a Iugler, who +painted on a wall the picture of a doue, and seeing a pigeon sitting +vpon the top of an house, said to the King, looke now your grace shall +see what a Iugler can doe, if he be his craftes master, & then pricked +the picture with a knife, so hard and so often, and with so effectuall +words, as the pigeon fell downe from the top of the house starke dead, +you may imagine how the matter was taken, what wondring was thereat, +how he was prohibited to vse that feat any further, least he should +imploy it in any other kinde of murder. This story is held yet of +diuers as canonicall, but when you are taught the feat or slight, you +will thinke it a mockery and a simple illusion. + +To vnfold you the mistery heereof, so it is that the poore pigeon was +before in the hands of the Iugler, into whom he had thrust a dramme of +_Nux vomica_, or some other such poyson, which to the nature of the +Bird was so extreame a poyson, as after the receit thereof, it could +not liue aboue the space of halfe an houre, and being let loose after +the medicine ministred, she alwaies resorteth to the top of the next +house, which she will the rather doe, if there be any pigeons already +sitting there, and after a short space falleth downe, either starke +dead, or greatly astonished: but in the meane time, the Iugler vseth +words of art, partly to protract time, and partly to gaine credit, and +admiration of the beholders. + +As with Cardes you may shew feates by priuate confederacy, so of the +other two, that is to wit, with the balls and the mony, as to marke a +shilling or any other thing, and throwe the same into a riuer or deepe +pond, & hauing hid the shilling before, with like markes, in some +other secret place, bid some goe presently and fetch it, making them +beleeue that it is the very same which you threwe into the riuer the +beholders will maruell much at it: and of such feates there may be +many done, but more by publike confederacy, whereby one may tell +another how much money he hath in his purse and an hundred like toyes. + + + + + Of publike confederacie and whereof + it consisteth. + + +Publike confederacy is, when there is before hand a compacte made +betwixt diuers persons: the one to be principall, the other to be +assistant in working of miracles, or rather in cosoning and abusing +the beholders, as when I tell you in the presence of a multitude, what +you haue thought or done, or shall doe or thinke, when you and I were +thereupon agreed before: and if this be cunningly and closely handled, +it will induce great admiration to the beholders, especially when they +are before amased and abused, by some experiment of art, magicke or +legerdemaine. I will in briefe set you downe some pretty conclusions, +and so I will proceede with other feates in other kindes. + + + + + To tell you how to know whether one caste Crosse or + Pile; by the ringing + + +Lay a wager with your confederate (who must seeme simple or obstinate +opposed against you) that standing behinde a dore, you will (by the +sounding or ringing of the mony) tell him whether he cast crosse or +pile, so as when you are gone, and he hath phillepped the money before +the witnesses who are to be cosoned, he must say _What is it_ if it be +crosse, or _What i'st_ if it be pile, or some other such signe, as you +are agreed vpon; and so you neede not faile to gesse rightly. By this +meanes if you haue any inuention, you may seeme to doe an hundred +miracles, & to discouer a mans thought, or words spoken a far off. + + + + + How to tell where a stolne horse is become. + + +By meanes of confederacy _Cuthbert Conycatcher_, and one _Swart +Rutter_, two that haue taken degrees in _Whittington_ Colledge, abused +notably the country people: for _Cuthbert_ would hide away his +neighbours horses, kine, colts, &c: and send them to _Swart Rutter_, +(whom he before had told where they were) promising to send the +parties vnto him, whome he described, and made knowne by diuers +signes: so as this _Swart_ would tell them at their first entrance +vnto the dore, wherefore they came, and would say that their horses +kine &c. were stolne, but the theefe should be forced to bring them +backe againe, and leaue them within one mile (south and by west, &c.) +of his house: euen as the plot was laid, and the pack made before by +Cuthbert & him. This Cuthbert is esteemed of some, & thought to be a +witch of others, he is accounted a coniurer, but commonly called a +wise man, and are able of themselues, to tell you where any thing that +is stolne is, as to build Pauls steeple vp againe. + + + + + To make one daunce naked. + + +It hath bene reported of such fellowes, and such, that they can doe +rare feates, as to make one daunce naked. To the effecting of this, +make a poore boy confederate with you: so as after charmes and words +spoken by you, he vnclothe himselfe and stand naked: seeming (whilst +he vndresseth him) to shake, stampe, and crie, still hastening to be +vnclothed, till he be starke naked: or if you can procure none to goe +so farre, let him only begin to stamp and shake &c. and to vnclothe +him, and then you may (for reuerence of the company) seeme to release +him. + + + + + To make a pot of any such thing standing fast on a cupbord, + to fall downe thence by vertue of words. + + +Lett your cupbord be so placed, as your confederate may hould a black +Threed without in the courete, behinde some windowe of that roome, +and at a certen lowe word spoken by you, he may pull the same threed, +being wound about the pot. And this was the feate of _Eleazer_ the +_Iewe_, which _Iosephus_ reporteth to be such a miracle. + +Now that we haue spoken of the three principle actes of Legerdemayne +and of confederacy, I will go forward, and touch some fewe ordinary +feates, which are pretty, yet not altogether to be compared with the +rest; I meane for conceipt and nimblenes of the hand, yet such as to +the ignorant, and those that knowe not the carriage, will seeme +strange and wonderfull. + + + + + Of Boxes to alter one graine into another, or to consume + the graine or corne to nothing. + + +There be diuers iugling boxes with false bottomes, wherein many false +feates are wrought. First they haue a boxe couered or rather footed +alike at each end, the bottome of the one end being no deeper then as +it may containe one lane of corne or pepper, glewed there vpon. Then +vse they to put into the hollow end thereof some other kind of graine, +ground or vnground: then doe they couer it, and put it vnder a hat or +candlesticke, and either in putting it thereinto, or pulling it +thence, they turne the boxe, and open the contrary end, wherein is +shewed a contrary graine, or else they shew the glewed end first, +(which end they suddenly thrust into a bag of such graine as is glewed +already therevpon) and secondly the empty boxe. + + + + + How to conuey (with words and charmes) the corne + conteyned in one Box, into another. + + +There is another boxe fashioned like a bell, whereinto they put so +much and such corne as the foresaid hollowe boxe can conteine: then +they stop and couer the same with a peece of lether as broad as a +tester, which being thrust vp hard to the middle part or waste of the +said bell, will sticke fast and beare vp the corne, and if the edge of +the same lether be wet, it will hold the better: then take they the +other boxe, dipped (as is aforesaid) in corne, and set downe the same +vpon the Table, the empty end vpward, saying, that they will conuey +the graine therein, into the other boxe or bell, which being set downe +somewhat hard vpon the table, the leather & corne therein will fall +down, so as the said bell being taken vp from the table: you shal see +the corne lying thereon, & the stopple wilbe hidden therewith, & +couered, & when you vncouer the other box nothing shal remaine +therein, but presently the corne must be swept downe with one hand, +into the other, or into your lapp or hatt: many feates may be done +with this boxe, as to put therein a toade, affirming the same to be so +turned from corne, and then many beholders will suppose the same to be +the Iuglers deuill, whereby his feates and myracles are wrought. + + + + + How to pull laces innumerable out of your + mouth; of what colour or length you list, and + neuer any thing seene to be therein. + + +As for pulling of laces forth of the mouth it is now somewhat stale, +whereby Iuglers get much mony among maydes, selling lace by the yarde, +putting into their mouthes one round bottome, as fast as they pull out +another, & at the iust ende of euery yarde they tie a knott, so as the +same resteth vppon their teeth, then cut they off the same, and so the +beholders are double and treble deceaued, seeing so much lace as will +be conteined in a hat, and the same of what collour you list to name, +to bee drawne by so euen yards out of his mouth, and yet the Iugler to +talke as though there were nothing at all in his mouth. There are +diuers iugling trickes which I am loath to describe for some reasons +before alleaged, whereof some are common some rarer and some +desperate: I wil therefore shew a few desperate and dangerous iugling +knackes, wherein the simple are made thinke, that a silly Iugler with +words can hurt and helpe, kill and reuiue any creature at his +pleasure: and first to kill any kinde of pullen and to make them +reuiue. + + + + + To kill a Hen, chicken or Capon and + giue it life againe. + + +Take a hen &c. and trust a naule, or a fine sharpe pointed knife +through the middle of the head thereof, the edge toward the bill, so +as it may seeme impossible for her to escape death. Then vse words or +incantations, and pulling out the knife, lay otes before her and she +wil eate and liue, being nothing at all greeued or hurt with the +wound, because the braine lyeth so farre behinde in the head as it is +not touched, though you thrust your knife betweene the combe and +it:[*] And after you haue done this, you may conuert your speech and +accions, to the greeuous wounding, and recouering of your owne selfe. + + [* Sidenote: The naturall cause why a Hen thrust through the head + with a Bodkin doth liue notwithstanding.] + + + + + To eate a Knife, and to fetch it forth + of another place. + + +Take a knife, and conuey the same betweene your two hands, so as no +parte be seene thereof, but a little of the poynt, which you must so +bite at the first as noyse may be made therwith: then seeme to put a +great parte therof into your mouth, and letting your hand slip downe, +there will appeare to haue bin more in your mouth, then is possible to +be conteyned therein: then send for drinke, or vse some other delaye +vntill you haue let the said knife slip into your lap, holding both +your fists close together as before, and then raise them so from the +edge of the table where you sit (for from thence the knife may most +priuily slippe downe into your lappe) and in steede of biting the +knife, knab a little vppon your naile, and then seeme to thrust the +knife into your mouth,[*] opening the hand next vnto it, and thrust vp +the other, so as it may appeare to the standers by, that you haue +deliuered your hands thereof, and thrust it into your mouth: then call +for drinke, after countenance made of pricking, and daunger &c. +lastly, put your hand into your lap, and taking that knife into your +hand, you may seeme to bring it out from behinde you, or from whence +you list: but if you haue another like knife, and a confederate, you +may doe twentie notable wonders hereby: as to send a stander by into +some garden or Orchard, describing to him some tree or herbe vnder +which it sticketh: or else some strangers sheath or pocket &c. + + [* Sidenote: This is pretty if it be cleanely done.] + + + + + To thrust a bodkin through your head, + without any hurt. + + +Take a Bodkin so made, as the haft being hollow, the blade thereof may +slip thereinto: as soone as you holde the poynt downeward, and set the +same to your forehead, and seeme to thrust it into your head: and so +(with a little sponge in your hand) you may wringe out blood or wine, +making the beholders thinke the blood or wine (whereof you may say you +haue drunke very much) runneth out of your forehead: Then after +countenance of paine and greefe, pull away your hand suddenly, holding +the poynt downeward, and it will fall so out, as it will seeme neuer +to haue bin thrusted into the hafte: But immediately thrust that +bodkin into your lappe or pocket, and pull out another playne bodkin +like the same, sauing in that conceite. + + + + + To cut halfe your nose in sunder, and to heale + it againe presently without any salue. + + +Take a knife, hauing a round hollow gappe in the middle, and lay it +vppon your nose, and so shall you seeme to haue cut your nose in +sunder:[*] prouided alwaies that in all these, you haue another like +knife without a gap to be shewed vppon pulling out of the same and +words of inchauntments to speake: Blood also to bewraye the wounde, +and nimble conueyance. + + [Sidenote: This is easily don, howbeit being nimbly done it + will deceaue the sight of the beholders.] + + + + + To put a Ring through your cheeke. + + +There is pretty Knack, which seemeth dangerous to the cheeke: for the +accomplishment whereof, you must haue two rings of like coullour and +quantity, the one filed asunder, so as you may thrust it vpon your +cheeke: the other must be whole and conueyed vpon a sticke, holding +your hand therevpon in the middle of the sticke, deliuering each end +of the same sticke to be holden fast by a stander by, then pulling the +ring out of your cheeke, cleanely strike it against same part of the +sticke, keeping it still in your hand, then pull your other hand from +the sticke, and pulling it away, whirle about the ring, and so it will +be thought that you haue put thereon the Ring which was in your +cheeke. + +Many other pretty feates of this nature might be here sett downe, as +to cut of ones head and to laye it in a platter, which Iuglers cal the +decollation of _S. Iohn_ the Baptist, also to thrust a dagger or +bodkin through your gutts very strangely, and to recouer imediately: +after another way then with the bodkyn before rehearsed, also to draw +a corde through your nose, mouth or hande so sencibly, as is wonderful +to see, al which with many more, I here forbeare for breuities sake. +There is a very pretty trick to make wine or beere, to come out of +your browe, or eare, with a funnell after you haue drank the same, the +which I am loath to discouer, as not willing to haue all the poore +Iugglers trickes made known at once: there is a way to make fire to +come out of your mouth by burning of towe, all which for reasons +before aleadged, I wil here omit to discouer. But will hie me to +another sorte of Iugglers, or rather cosoners, calling themselues by +the name of alchimistes, professing themselues learned men, and to +haue the Philosophers stone, these professors of the mysty or smokie +science, studie and cast about how to ouer-reach and cosen the simple, +and such as are giuen to coueteousnes or greedy desire after gaine, +with such they insinuate themselues by little and little, professing a +shew of honesty and plainnes, vntill they are acquainted with their +desires, and found the length of their foote: telling them that they +can doe wonders, make siluer of copper, and golde of siluer. Such a +one a while agoe was in Battersey, who comming poore to towne, made +some of the towne beleeue he had the Philosophers stone: wherevpon, +one of the rest beleuing him, desired to be better acquainted with +him: insomuch, that he requested him to take a poore bed at his house, +and offred him great kindenesse, hoping in time to get some skil of +him towards the attaining of the Philosophers stone: vpon a day as +this Smith (for so imagine him to be) and beggerly Artist were +together, desired him of all loues to impart to him some of his +learning, assuring him, if it lay in his power to doe him a pleasure, +he should not faile, protesting that both his purse and himselfe were +both at his comaund: Herevpon, to be short, my Gentleman at the first +was somewhat scrupilous, yet at the earnest request of his newe +friend, did at last condiscende, charging him to be secret in what he +should disclose vnto him. The Smith swore to be silent: then my +cosoning copesmate instructs him as followeth. + +In the month of Iuly, search for the seede of Fearne, which must be +first and principall matter of working this, and effecting this hidden +secret, and qd. he, if you had but an ounce of this fearneseede, thou +shalt be made for euer, for it is very hard to finde: heerevpon he +gets vp the next morning (for it was about the same time of the yeare +which he prescribd him to search for this inestimable seede) and +lookes very dilligently about the heath, (where store of fearne +growes: but hauing) spent most part of the day in searching and +looking, his backe ready to cracke with stooping, and his throate furd +with dust, for want of small beere, so that the poore Smith was ready +to faint for want of foode: by chance one of the towne came by, and +seeing him search so dilligently vp & downe, and could not guesse for +what, asked him what he sought for so busily? O quoth the Smith, for a +thing that if I could finde, I should be made for euer: why quoth the +fellow what I prethee ist? O no quoth the Smith I may not tell you: +not tell me quoth the fellow, why what ist? I prethee tell me: at +last, at the earnest entreaty of the fellow, the smith told he looked +for fearne seede: with that the fellow laughed a good, and asked him +who willed him to looke for that? that did M. _Etseb_ quoth the smith, +and if I can but finde one ounce of it, it would be of much worth: +worth quoth the fellow, he that set thee to looke for that was a foole +and thou art an Asse, for there was neuer any fearne seede as yet +seene: therefore get thee home to the forge, for he makes but a foole +of thee: at this the smith was blancke, and got him home to his +anuill: but how the smith and the Alcumister, agreed vpon the +reckoning for his cosening him, I meane not heere to deliuer: but this +I bring in by the way, to shew that their art is nothing but deceipt, +and themselues cosoners, which by two pretty tales I will declare vnto +you, + + + + + How an Alcumister cousoned a priest. + + +_Chaucer_ in one of his Canterbury tales, rehearseth this test of a +cousoning Alcumist: espying on a day a coueteous priest, whose purse +he knew to be well lyned: assaulted him with flattery and kinde +speech, two principall points belonging to this art: at length he +borrowed mony of this priest, which is the third part of this art, +without the which the professors can doe no good, nor endure in good +estate: then he at his day repayed the mony, which is the most +difficult poynt in this art, and a rare experiment: finally to requite +the priests curtesie, he promised vnto him such instructions, as +therby within short time he should become infinitely rich, and all +through this art of multiplication: and this is the most common point +in this science, for heerein they must be skilfull before they be +famous or attaine to any credit: the Preist disliked not his proffer, +especially because it tended to his profit, and embraced his curtesie: +then the foole-taker bad him send forthwith for three ounces of +quicke-siluer, which hee said he would transubstantiate (by his art) +into perfect siluer: the Priest thought nothing of deceit, but with +great ioy accomplished his request. + +And now forsooth goeth this iolly Alcumist about his busines, and +worke of multiplication, and causeth the Priest to make a fire of +coles, in the bottome whereof he placeth a croslet, and pretending +onely to helpe the Priest to lay the coles handsomely, he foysteth +into the middle ward or lane of coles, a beechen cole, within which +was conueyed an ingot of perfect siluer, (which when the cole was +consumed slipt down into the croslet, that was I say directly vnder +it.) The Priest perceaued not the fraud, but receaued the ingot of +siluer, and was not a little ioyfull to see such certen successe +proceed from his own handy worke, wherein could be no fraud (as he +surely conceaued) and therefore very dilligently gaue the knaue forty +pounds, for the receit of this experiment, who for that summe of mony, +taught him a lesson in Alcumistry, but he neuer returned to heare +repetitions or to see how hee profited. + + + + + A merry tale how a cosoning Alcumist deceaued + a country Gentleman. + + +A Gentleman in Kent of good worth, not long sithence was ouertaken by +a cosoning knaue, who professed Alcumistry, Iugling, Witch craft, and +coniuration, and by meanes of his companions and confederates, found +the simplicitie and abilitie of the said Gentleman, & learnt his +estate and humors to be conuenient for his purpose, and at last came a +wooing to his daughter, to whome hee made loue cunningly in words, +though his purpose tended to another end: and among other illusions +and tales, concerning his owne commendations, for wealth, parentage, +inheritance, alliance, learning and cunning, be bosted of the +knowledge and experience in Alcumistry, making the simple Gentleman +beleeue that he could multiply, and of one Angell make two or three, +which seemed strange to the Gentleman: insomuch as he became willing +enough to see that conclusion: whereby the Alcumister had more hope +and comfort to attaine his desire, then if his daughter had yeelded to +haue married him: to bee short, he in the presence of the said +Gentleman, did include within a little ball of virgins ware a couple +of Angells, & after certaine ceremonies and coniuring words, he seemed +to deliuer the same vnto him, but in truth, through Legerdemaine, he +conueyed into the Gentlemans hand, another ball of the same scantling, +wherein were inclosed many more Angells then were in the ball which he +thought he had receaued, Now (forsooth) the Alcumister bad him lay vp +the same ball of ware, and also vse certaine ceremonies, (which I +thought good heere to omit) and after certaine daies, houres, and +minutes, they returned together according to the appointment, and +found great gaines by multiplication of the angels, insomuch that he +being a plaine man, was heereby perswaded that he should not onely +haue a rare and notable good sonne in law, but a companion that might +helpe to ad vnto his wealth much treasure, and to his estate great +fortune and felicity: and to encrease this opinion in him, as also to +winne his further fauour: but especially to bring his cunning +Alcumistry, or rather his lend purpose to passe, he tolde him that it +were folly to multiply a pound of gold, when as easily they might +multiply a million, and therefore counselled him to produce al the +money he had, or could borrowe of his neighbours, and freendes, and +did put him out of doubt, that he would multiply the same, & reduble +it exceedingly, euen as he sawe by experience how he delt with the +smal somme before his face: this Gent. in hope of gaines and +preferment, consented to his sweete motion, & brought out and layd +before his feete, not the one halfe of his goodes, but all that he +had, or could make or borrowe any manner of waye: then this Iuggling +Alchimister hauing obtayned his purpose, foulded the same in a ball in +quantity far bigger then the other. And conuaying the same vnto his +bosome or pocket, deliuered another Ball (as before) in the like +quantity, to be reserued, and safely kept in his cheste, whereof +(because the matter was of importance) eyther of them must haue a +keye, and a seuerall lock, that no interruption might be made to the +ceremuny, or abuse by either of them in defrawding eche other. Now +forsooth the circumstances, and ceremonies being ended & the +Alchimisters purpose thereby performed, he tould the Gent. that vntil +a certen day and hower lymited to retorne, either of them might +imploye themselues about theire busines, and necessarie affaires, the +Gent. to his busines, and he to the citty of London. And in the meane +tyme the gould should multiply, But the Alchimister (belike) hauing +other matters of more importance, cam not iust at the hower appoynted +nor yet at the day, nor with in the yere, so as although it were som +what, against the Gent. conscience to violate his promise or break the +league yet partly by the longing he had to see, & partely the desire +he had to enioy the frute of the excellent experiment, hauing for his +own securitie (& the others Satisfaction) some testimonie at the +opening thereof, to witnes his sincere dealing, he brake vp the +coffer, & loe, he soone espied the Ball of ware which he himselfe had +layd vpp there with his owne handes, so as he thought, if the hardest +should fall, he should finde his principall, and why not as good +incrase now, as of the other before? But alas, when the ware was +broken and the mettall discouered, the gould was much abased and +became perfect lead. + +Hitherto haue I spoken somewhat of the knauerie of Alcumisry, now I +will conclude with a pretty dialogue that _Petrarke_ a man of great +wisdome and learning, and of no lesse experience, hath written who as +in his time, sawe the fraudulent fetches of this compassing craft, so +hath there bin no age, since the same hath bin broached, but that some +wise men haue smelt out the euill meaning of these shifting marchants, +and bewrayed them to the world. + +_Francis Petrarke_, (I say) treating of the same matter, in forme of a +dialogue, introduceth a deciple of his, who fancied the foresaid +profession and practise, speaking on this manner. + +_Decip._ I hope for a prosperous successe in Alcamistrie. + +_Pet._ It is a wonder from whence that hope should spring, sith the +fruite thereof did neuer yet fall to thy lotte: nor yet at any time +chance to another, as the report commonly goeth, that many rich men, +by this vanity and madnes, haue bin brought to beggery, whilst they +haue wearied their wealth, in trying of conclusions: to make gould +ingender gould. + +_Decip._ I hope for gould according to the workemans promise. + +_Petra._ He that promised the gould, will runne away with the gould, +and thou neuer the wiser. + +_Decip._ He promiseth me greate good. + +_Petr._ He will first serue his owne turne, and releeue his priuate +pouerty, for Alcumisters are a beggerly kinde of people, who though +they confesse themselues bare, and needy: yet wil they make other +rich, and wealthie, as though others pouertie did molest, and greeue +them more then their owne, so far the words of _petrarke_. + +_Albert_ in his booke of mineralls, reporteth that _Auicen_ treating +of Alcumistry: saith, Let the dealers of Alcumistry vnderstand, that +the very nature of things, can not be changed: but rather made by +arte, to resemble the same in shew, and likenes: so that they are not +the very thing indeede, but seeme so to bee in appearance: As Castles +and Towers doe seeme to be built in the ayre, whereas the +representations there shewed, are nothing else, but the resemblance of +certaine obiects belowe, caused in some bright, and cleere cloude: +when the aire is voyde of thicknes, and grossenes, a sufficient proofe +hereof may be the looking-glasse: and wee see (saith he) the yellow +orringe cullour layde vppon red, seemeth to be gould. + +Thus much for the fond, and vaine arte of Alcumistry, I will now drawe +to an ende, leauing to speake of the innumerable charmes of +coniurours, bad Phisitions, lewd Surgions, melancholy Witches, and +cosoners, especially for such: as bad Phisitions and Surgions, knowe +not how to cure: as against the falling euill, the biting of madde +doggs, the stinging of a Scorpion, the tooth-ache, for a woman in +trauell, for the kings euill: to get a thorne out of any member, or a +bone out of ones throate: for sore eies, to open locks, against +spirits: for the botts in a horse, for sower wines, and diuers others. + +There are also diuers books imprinted, as it should appeare by the +authoritie of the Church of Rome, wherin are conteyned many medecinall +prayers, not only against all deseases of horses, but also for euery +impediment, and fault in a horse, in so much as if a shooe fall in the +middest of his iorney; there is a prayer to warrant your horses hoofe +so as it shall not breake, how farre soeuer he be from the smythes +forge: But these of all the rest are the fondest toyes, that euer were +deuised, therefore we wil passe them ouer, and yet how many in these +dayes are addicted to the beleefe of these charmes it is incredible, I +will giue you a taste of two or three, because you shall see the +foolery of the rest. + + + + + A Charme to be said each morning by a Witch + fasting, or at least before she goe + abroade. + + +The fire bites, the fire bites, the fire bites: hogs turde ouer it, +hogges turde ouer it, hoggs turde ouer it. The Father with thee, the +Sonne with me, the holy Ghost betweene vs both to be, thrise, then +spitt ouer one shoulder, and then ouer the other, and then three times +right forward. + + + + + An olde womans Charme wherewith she did much + good in the cuntrie and grew famous + thereby. + + +An olde woman that healed all deseases of cattell (for the which she +neuer tooke any reward but a penny and a loafe) being seriously +examined, by what words she brought these things to passe, confessed +that after she had touched the sick creature, she alwaies departed +immediately saying. + + _My loafe in my lap, + My penie in my purse: + Thou art neuer the better, + And I am neuer the worse._ + + + + + A slouenly Charme for sore eies. + + + The Deuill pull out both thine eies, + And _etish_[*] in the holes likewise. + + [Sidenote: spel this word backward and you shall see what a + slouenly charme this is _etish_.] + + + + +A Miller that had his eeles stolne by night, made mone to the priest +of the parish, who indeede was the principall of the theeues that +stole the eeles, Sir Iohn willed him to be quiet, for said he I will +to curse the theeues, and their adherents with bell, booke, and +candle, that they shall haue small ioy of their fish, and therefore +the next sonday Sir Iohn gotte him vp to the pulpit with his surplis +on his back, and his Gole about his neck, and pronounced these words +following, in the audience of the people. + + All ye that haue stolne the myllers Eeles + _Laudate Dominum in coelis:_ + And all they that haue consented therunto + _Benedicamus Domino._ + +By this little you may plainely perceaue the foppery of the Church of +Rome, who hould such toyes as authenticall, and also there knauery to +make the people beleeue, lies for truth, and falshod for honestie, +Bearing them in hand, as in this, so in all the rest, with blindenes, +and ignorance but hereof ynoughe. + + + + +And now to conclude, lett vs backe againe with one pretty knack, which +is held to be meruilous and wonderfull. And that is to make a horse +tell you how much money you haue in your purse: and I reade of a +pretty story of an asse at _Memphis_ in Egypt, that could do rare +feates, among other Iuggling knackes, there and then vsed: there was +one that tooke paynes with an asse, that he had taught him, all these +quallities following, and for game he caused a stage to be made, and +an assembly of people to meete, which being downe in the manner of a +play, he came in with his asse, and sayde: The _Sultan_ hath great +neede of asses, to helpe to carry stones, and other stuffe towards his +great building which he hath in hande: the asse immediately fell downe +to the ground, and by all signes shewed himself to be sick, and at +length to giue vp the ghost, so as the Iuggler begged of the assembly +money towards his asse, and hauing gotten all that he could, he saide, +now my masters you shall see mine asse is yet aliue, and doth but +counterfeit, because he would haue some money to buy him prouender, +knowing that I was poore and in some neede of reliefe: heere vpon he +would needes lay a wager that his asse was aliue, who to euery mans +seeing was starke dead: and when one had laid mony with him therevpon, +he commaunded the asse to arise, but hee lay still as though he were +dead: then did he beate him with a Cudgell, but that would not serue +the turne, vntill he had addressed his speech to the Asse, saying as +before in open audience, the _Sultane_ hath commaunded that all the +people shall ride out to morrow, and see the triumph, and that the +faire Ladies will ride vpon the fairest Asses, and will giue notable +prouender to them, and euery Asse shall drinke of the sweete water of +Nylus: and then, loe the Asse did presently start vp, and aduance +himself exceedingly. Loe quoth his master, now I haue wonne: but in +troth the Maior hath borrowed my Asse for the vse of the old +il-fauoured witch his wife: and therevpon immediately he hung downe +his eares and halted downe right, as though he had bene starke lame: +then said his Master, I perceaue you loue young pretty wenches: at +which the asse looked vp as it were with a ioyfull cheere, and then +his master bad him choose out one that should ride vpon him, and he +ran to a very hansome woman, and touched her with his head. + +Such a one is at this day to be seene in London, his master will say, +sirra, heere be diuers Gentlemen, that haue lost diuers things, and +they heare say that thou canst tell them tydings of them where they +are: if thou canst, prethee shew thy cunning and tell them: then +hurles he downe a handkercher or a gloue that he had taken from the +parties before, and bids him giue it the right owner, which the horse +presently doth: and many other pretty feates this horse doth, and some +of those trickes as the Asse before mencioned did, which not one among +a thousand perceaues how they are done, nor how he is brought to +learne the same: and note that all the feates that this horse doth, is +altogether in numbering: as for ensample, His master will aske him how +many people there are in the roome: the horse will pawe with his foote +so many times as there are people: and marke the eye of the horse is +alwaies vpon his master, and as his master moues, so goes he or stands +still, as he is brought to it at the first: as for ensample, his +master will throw you three dice, and will bid his horse tell how many +you or he haue throwne, then the horse pawes with his foote whiles the +master stands stone still: then when his master sees hee hath pawed so +many as the first dice shewes it selfe, then he lifts vp his shoulders +and stirres a little: then he bids him tell what is on the second die, +and then of the third die, which the horse will doe accordingly, still +pawing with his foote vntill his master sees he hath pawed ynough, and +then stirres: which the horse marking, will stay and leaue pawing. And +note, that the horse will paw an hundred times together, vntill he +sees his master stirre: and note also that nothing can be done, but +his master must first know, and then his master knowing, the horse is +ruled by him by signes. This if you marke at any time you shall +plainely perceaue. + + + + +Now that we are come to our iournies end, let vs sit downe and looke +about vs, whether we are al sonnes of one father, if there be no +knaues among vs: St. _Boniface_ light me the candle. Who doe I see? +what the lustie lad of the Myter, that will binde beares, and ride his +golden Asse to death but he will haue his will? Birlady, birlady sir, +you of all the rest are most welcome, what how doth your stomack after +your carrowsing banquet? what gorge vpon gorge, egges vpon egges, and +sack vpon sack, at these yeares? by the faith of my body sir you must +prouide for a hot kitchen against you growe olde, if you mean to liue +my yeares: but happy the father that begot thee, and thrise happy the +Nurse that soffred such a toward yonker as thy selfe: I know thy +vertues as well as thy selfe, thou hast a superficiall twang of a +little something: an Italian ribald can not vomit out the infections +of the world, but thou my pretty Iuuinall, an English Dorrell-lorrell, +must lick it vp for restoratiue, & putrifie thy gentle brother ouer +against thee, with the vilde impostumes of thy lewd corruptions: God +blesse good mindes from the blacke enemy say I: I know you haue bene +prying like the Deuill from East to West, to heare what newes: I will +acquaint thee with some, & that a secret distillation before thou +goest. He that drinketh oyle of prickes, shall haue much a doe to +auoyd sirrope of roses: and he that eateth nettles for prouender, hath +a priuiledge to pisse vpon lillies for litter. I prethee sweete +natures darling, insult not ouermuch vpon quiet men: a worme that is +troden vpon will turne againe, and patience loues not to be made a +cart of Croyden. I doe begin with thee now, but if I see thee not mend +thy conditions, Ile tell you another tale shortly: thou shalt see that +I can doot, I could bring in my Author to tell thee to thy face, that +he hath found a knaue in grosse, of thee: but I can say, I haue found +thee a foole in retaile: thou seest simplicity can not double, nor +plaine dealing cannot dissemble, I could wish thee to amend thy life, +and take heede of the Beadle. + + + + _Vale qui rediculose haec legeris._ + + FINIS. + + + + + +[Transcriber's notes: Obvious typographical errors that were not +plausible as historical or phonetic spellings were corrected. In the +original, these read + +"looke now your grace shall see what a Iugler can doe" originally "loo" + +"bid some goe presently and fetch it" originally "fecth" + +"so I will proceede with other feates" originally "proceene" + +"the one filed asunder" originally "the the one" + +"A slouenly Charme for sore eies" originally "eiet" + +Abbreviations have been silently expanded. Where opening and closing +parentheses were mismatched, commas were turned into parentheses (or +vice versa) to make them match.] + + + + + +End of Project Gutenberg's The Art of Iugling or Legerdemaine, by Samuel Rid + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE ART OF IUGLING OR LEGERDEMAINE *** + +***** This file should be named 12343.txt or 12343.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/1/2/3/4/12343/ + +Produced by Robert Shimmin, David King, and the Online Distributed +Proofreading Team + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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