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diff --git a/old/11542.txt b/old/11542.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6559eba --- /dev/null +++ b/old/11542.txt @@ -0,0 +1,1851 @@ +The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and +Instruction, by Various + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and Instruction + Vol. 19, Issue 544, April 28, 1832 + +Author: Various + +Release Date: March 11, 2004 [EBook #11542] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ASCII + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE MIRROR OF LITERATURE *** + + + + +Produced by Jonathan Ingram, David King, and the Online Distributed +Proofreading Team + + + + + +THE MIRROR OF LITERATURE, AMUSEMENT, AND INSTRUCTION. + +Vol. 19, No. 544] SATURDAY, APRIL 28, 1832 [Price 2d. + + * * * * * + + + +SWISS COTTAGE, AT THE COLOSSEUM, IN THE REGENT'S PARK. + + +[Illustration: Swiss Cottage, At The Colosseum] + +It is now upwards of three years since we directed the attention of our +readers to the wonders of this little world of art.[1] The ingenious +projector, Mr. Horner, was then polite enough to conduct us throughout +the buildings and grounds, and to explain to us the original design of +the unfinished works as well as of many contemplated additions. This was +about three weeks before the Exhibition was opened to the public. The +_Panorama_ was then partly in outline, and we had to catch its +identities through a maze of scaffolding poles, planks, and stages; +while the immense domed area re-echoed with the operations of scores of +_artistes_ of every grade, from the upholsterer nailing up gay +draperies, to the heavy blow of the carpenter's mallet. We took +advantage of our privileged visit, to point out to the reader how much +he might expect from a visit to the Panorama, and, in our subsequent +visits we have not for a moment regretted the particular attention we +were induced to bestow upon this unrivalled work of art. It is justly +described to be "such a _Pictoral History of London_--such a faithful +display of its myriads of public and private buildings--such an +impression of the vastness, wealth, business, pleasure, commerce, and +luxury of the English metropolis, as nothing else can effect. Histories, +descriptions, maps, and prints, are all imperfect and defective, when +compared to this immense Panorama--they are scraps and mere touches of +the pen and pencil--whilst this imparts, at a glance, at one view, a +_cyclopaedia of information_--a concentrated history--a focal topography, +of the largest and most influential city in the world. The immense area +of surface which this picture occupies will surprise the reader: it +measures 40,000 square feet, or nearly an acre in extent."[2] This may +be a glowing eulogium; but it is true to the line and letter. + + [1] See _Mirror_, vol. xiii. p. 33. + + [2] A graphic Account of the Colosseum, from the apt pen of Mr. + Britton, the architect. + +We have already illustrated the Panorama,[3] and it is our intention to +introduce other embellishments of the Colosseum, as far as may be +compatible with finished sketches. Our present subject is the principal +apartment in the _Swiss Cottage_, to which the reader or visiter is +conducted through a range of conservatories, containing choice exotics, +with some of the most majestic proportions of leaf and flower that can +be enjoyed in any clime. The communication is by a stone-work passage, +the temperature of which is a refreshing succedaneum to that of the +conservatories, or 72 deg.. This cottage was designed by P.F. Robinson, Esq. +who has evinced considerable taste in a publication on cottages and +cottage-villas, as well as in the execution of various buildings. It +consists of four apartments, three of which may be considered as +finished. The apartment in our Engraving was completed, or nearly so, on +our first visit. It is wainscotted with coloured (knotted) wood, and +carved in imitation of the ornamented dwelling of a Swiss family. The +fire-place will be recognised as the very _beau ideal_ of cottage +comfort: the raised hearthstone, massive fire-dogs and chimney-back, and +its cosy seats, calculated to contain a whole family seated at the sides +of its ample hearth---are characteristic of the primitive enjoyments of +the happy people from among whom this model was taken. Our view is from +the extreme corner, from which point the entrance-passage is shown in +the distance. + + [3] See _Mirror_, vol. xiii. p. 97. + +[Illustration: Apartment Interior] + +The second Engraving shows the recessed window of the apartment, which +faces the fire-place, and commands a view of a mass of rock-scenery, +ornamented with waterfalls of singular contrivance and effect. The +frames are filled in with plate-glass, so that the view of these +artificial wonders is unobstructed. Our artist has, in his sketch, +endeavoured to convey some idea of their outline; but he hopes to supply +an amplification of their scenic beauty in a future engraving. We may, +however, observe that the view from this window deserves the character +of the _sublime in miniature_, and presents even a microcosm, where + + Rocks and forests, lakes, and mountains grand, + Mark the true majesty of Nature's hand. + +The whole apartment presents a finished specimen of joinery, with a +tasteful display of ornamental carving. Its colour is a deep warm or, we +think, _burnt sienna_, brown; the furniture is in _recherche_ rusticated +style, planned by Mr. Gray, whose taste in these matters is elaborately +correct; and it requires but the social blaze on the hearth, (which our +artist has liberally supplied,) to complete the well-devised illusion of +the scene. The apartment was painted about two years since as a scene +for a musical piece at Covent Garden Theatre, the incidents of which lay +in Switzerland. + + * * * * * + + +THE VOICES OF THE NIGHT. + +BY MISS M.L. BEEVOR. + +(_For the Mirror._) + + + Like some young veiled Bride, + Gleams the moon's hazy face, + When tissues that would hide + But lend her charms a grace: + Each winkling starlet pale, + Sleeps in its far, far fold, + Wrapp'd in the heavy veil + Of dewy clouds and cold. + The turmoil, din, and strife, + Of factious earth are o'er; + The turbid waves of life + Have ceas'd to roll and roar; + But tones now meet the ear, + Full fraught with strange delight, + And intermingling fear: + _The Voices of the Night!_ + + Not such as softly rise + When boughs with song o'erflow, + And lover's vows and sighs, + Like incense breathe below; + Not such as warm his breast, + Whose fever'd anxious brain + Toils when all else hath rest, + To bring the _lost_ again! + + But the owl's boding shriek, + The death-cry of his prey; + The tongues that durst not speak + In bright unslumb'ring day; + The murd'rer's curses fell, + His quiv'ring victim's groan; + The mutt'red, moody spell + Which rocks ABADDON'S throne! + + The song of winds that sweep + Impetuously around + Our rolling sphere, and keep + Up conferences profound; + The music of the sea, + When battling waves run mad; + Far sweeter there may be, + But none so wild and sad. + + The wail of forests vast + Thro' which pour storms like light, + Whilst rending in the blast, + They feebly own its might! + Deep thund'rings o'er the main: + The short shrill smother'd cry, + Hurl'd to the skies in vain, + Of drowning agony! + + The SOMETHING _toneless_, which + Speaks awfully to men, + Startling the poor and rich, + For CONSCIENCE _will_ talk then; + These are the watch-words drear, + _The Voices of the Night_, + Which harrow the sick ear, + The stricken heart affright! + + _Great Marlow, Bucks._ + + * * * * * + + + +MANNERS & CUSTOMS OF ALL NATIONS. + + + * * * * * + + +MAY-DAY GAMES. + +(_For the Mirror_.) + + +This day of joyous festivity has almost ceased to be the harbinger of +mirth and jollity; and the gambols of our forefathers are nearly +forgotten amidst the high notions of modern refinement. Time was when +king, lords, and commons hailed May-day morning with delight, and bowed +homage to her fair and brilliant queen. West end and city folks united +in their freaks, ate, drank, and joined the merry dance from morning +dawn till close of day. Thus in an old ballad of those times we find + + The hosiers will dine at the Leg, + The drapers at the sign of the Brush, + The fletchers to Robin Hood will go, + And the spendthrift to Beggar's bush. + +And another + + The gentry to the King's head, + The nobles to the Crown, &c. + +The rustic had his morrice-dance, hobby-horse race, and the gaudy +Mayings of Robin Hood, which last were instituted, according to an old +writer, in honour of his memory, and continued till the latter end of +the sixteenth century. These games were attended not by the people only, +but by kings and princes, and grave magistrates. + +Stow says, "that in the moneth of May, the citizens of London, of all +estates, lightlie in every parish, or sometimes two or three parishes +joyning together, had their severall Mayinges, and did fetch in +Maypoles, with divers warlike showes, with good archers, +morrice-dancers, and other devices for pastime all the day long, and +towards the evening they had stage-playes and bone-fires in the +streetes. These greate Mayinges and Maygames, made by governors and +masters of this citie, with the triumphant setting up of the greate +shafte, (a principall May-pole in Cornhill, before the parish church of +S. Andrew, therefore called Undershafte,) by meane of an insurrection of +youthes against alianes, on May-day, 1517, have not beene so freely used +as afore." + +The disuse of these ancient pastimes and the consequent neglect of +Archerie, are thus lamented by Richard Niccols, in his _London's +Artillery_, 1616: + + How is it that our London hath laid downe + This worthy practise, which was once the crowne, + Of all her pastime which her Robin Hood + Had wont each yeare when May did clad the wood + With lustre greene, to lead his young men out, + Whose brave demeanour, oft when they did shoot, + Invited royall princes from their courts + Into the wilde woods to behold their sports! + Who thought it then a manly sight and trim, + To see a youth of clene compacted lim, + Who, with a comely grace, in his left hand + Holding his bow, did take his steadfast stand, + Setting his left leg somewhat foorth before, + His Arrow with his right hand nocking sure, + Not stooping, nor yet standing streight upright, + Then, with his left hand little 'bove his sight, + Stretching his arm out, with an easie strength + To draw an arrow of a yard in length. + +The lines + + "Invited royall princes from their courts + Into the wilde woods to behold their sports," + +may be reasonably supposed to allude to Henry the VIIIth, who appears to +have been particularly attached, as well to the exercise of archery, as +to the observance of Maying. "Some short time after his coronation," +says Hall, "he came to Westminster with the quene, and all their traine, +and on a tyme being there, his grace, therles of Essex, Wilshire, and +other noble menne, to the number of twelve, came sodainly in a mornyng +into the quenes chambre, all appareled in short cotes of Kentish kendal, +with hodes on their heddes, and hosen of the same, every one of them his +bowe and arrowes, and a sworde and a bucklar, like outlawes, or Robyn +Hodesmen; whereof the quene, the ladies, and al other there were abashed +as well for the straunge sight, as also for their sodain commyng, and +after certayn daunces and pastime made, thei departed." + +The same author gives the following curious account of a Maying, in the +7th year of that monarch, 1516: "The king and quene, accompanied with +many lords and ladies, rode to the high ground on Shooter's Hill to take +the air, and as they passed by the way, they espied a company of tall +yomen clothed all in green, with green whodes and bows and arrows, to +the number of 90. One of them calling himself Robin Hood, came to the +king, desiring him to see his men shoot, and the king was content. Then +he wistled, and all the 90 archers shot and losed at once, he then +whistled again, and they shot again; their arrows wistled by craft of +the head, so that the noise was strange and great, and much pleased the +king, the quene, and all the company. All these archers were of the +king's guard, and had thus appareled themselves to make solace to the +king. Then Robin Hood desired the king and quene to come into the green +wood, and see how the outlaws live. The king demanded of the quene and +her ladies, if they durst venture to go into the wood with so many +outlaws, and the quene was content. Then the horns blew till they came +to the wood under Shooter's Hill, and there was an arbour made of +boughs, with a hall and a great chamber, and an inner chamber, well made +and covered with flowers and sweet herbs, which the king much praised. +Then said Robin Hood, 'Sir, outlaws breakfasts is vensyon, and you must +be content with such fare as we have.' The king and quene sat down, and +were served with venison and wine by Robin Hood and his men. Then the +king and his party departed, and Robin and his men conducted them. As +they were returning, they were met by two ladies in a rich chairiot, +drawn by five horses, every horse had his name on his head, and on every +horse sat a lady, with her name written; and in a chair sat the Lady +May, accompanied with Lady Flora, richly appareled, and they saluted the +king with divers songs, and so brought him to Greenwhich." + +The games of Robin Hood seem to have been occasionally of a dramatic +cast. Sir John Paston, in the time of King Edward IV. complaining of the +ingratitude of his servants, mentions one who had promised never to +desert him, and "ther uppon," says he, "I have kepyd hym thys iii yer to +pleye Seynt Jorge, and Robyn Hod, and the Shryf off Notyngham, and now +when I wolde have good horse he is goon into Bernysdale, and I without a +keeper." + +In some old accounts of the Churchwardens, of Saint Helens, at Abingdon, +Berks, for the year 1556, there is an entry for setting up Robins +Hoode's bower; supposed to be for a parish interlude. + +Perhaps the clearest idea of these games will be derived from some +accounts of the Church-wardens, of the parish of Kingston-upon-Thames: + +" _Robin Hood and Maygame. + L. s. d._ + 23 Henry 7th. To the menstorell +upon Mayday . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 0 4 +For paynting of the mores garments + and for sarten gret leveres . . . . . . 0 2 4 +For paynting of a bannar for Robin + Hood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 0 3 +For 2 M. and 1/2 pynnys . . . . . . . . . 0 0 10 +For 4 plyts and 1/2 of laun for the mores + garments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 2 11 +For orseden for the same. . . . . . . . . 0 0 10 +For a goun for the lady . . . . . . . . . 0 0 8 +For bellys for the dawnsers . . . . . . . 0 0 12 + 14 Henry 7th. For Little John's +cote. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 8 0 + 1 Henry 8th. For silver paper for +the mores dawnsars. . . . . . . . . . . . 0 0 7 +For kendall for Robyn Hode's cote . . . . 0 1 3 +For 3 yerds of white for the frere's cote 0 3 0 +For 4 yerds of kendall for mayde Marian's + huke. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 3 4 +For saten of sypers for the same huke . . 0 0 6 +For 2 payre of glovys for Robin Hode + and mayde Maryan. . . . . . . . . . . . 0 0 3 +For 6 brode arovys. . . . . . . . . . . . 0 0 6 +To mayde Mary an for her labour for + 2 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 2 0 +To Fygge the taborer. . . . . . . . . . . 0 6 0 +Received for Robyn Hode's gaderyng + 4 marks + 5 Henry 8th. Received for Robin +Hood's gaderyng at Croydon. . . . . . . . 0 9 4 + 11 Henry 8th. Paid for 3 broad +yerds of rosett for makyng frer's cote. . 0 3 6 +Shoes for the mores dawnsars, the frere + and mayde Maryan at 7_d_. a payre. 0 5 4 + 13 Henry 8th. Eight yerds of fustyan +for the mores dawnsars cotes. . . . . . . 0 16 0 +A dosyn of gold skynnes for the mores . . 0 0 10 + 15 Henry 8th. Hire of hats for +Robin Hode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 0 16 +Paid for the hat that was lost. . . . . . 0 0 10 + 16 Henry 8th. Received at the +church-ale and Robyn Hode, all things +deducted. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 10 6 +Paid for 6 yerds 1/4 of satyn for Robyn + Hode's cotys. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 12 6 +For makyng the same . . . . . . . . . . . 0 2 0 +For 3 ells of bocram . . . . . . . . . . 0 1 6 + 21 Henry 8th. For spunging and + brushing Robyn Hods cotys . . . . . . 0 0 2 + 28 Henry 8th. Five hats and 4 porses + for the dawnsars . . . . . . . . . . 0 0 4-1/2 +4 yerds of cloth for the fole's cote . . 0 2 0 +2 ells of worstede for mayde Marian's + kyrtle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 6 8 +For 6 payre of double solly'd showne . . 0 4 6 +To the mynstrele . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 10 8 +To the fryer and the piper for to + go to Croydon . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 0 8 + +29 Henry 8th. Mem. left in the keeping of the wardens nowe beinge, a +fryers cote of russet, and a kyrtle of a worstyde weltyd with red cloth, +a mouren's cote of buckram, and 4 morres dawnsars cotes of white fustian +spangelyd, and two gryne saten cotes, and a dysardd's cote of cotton, +and 6 payre of garters with bells." + +Having given so many items of the Robin Hood games, it will not be out +of place to furnish some account of the Morrice. + +_The tabor and pipe strike up a morrice.--A shout within._ + +A lord, a lord, a lord, who! + +ENTER THE MORRICE--_They sing_. + + Skip it, and trip it, nimbly, nimbly, + Tickle it, tickle it, lustily, + Strike up the tabor, for the wenches favour, + Tickle it, tickle it, lustily. + Let us be seen on Hygale Greene, + To dance for the honour of Holloway, + Since we are come hither, let's spare for no leather, + To dance for the honour of Holloway. + +_Ed._ Well said, my boys, I must have my lord's livery; what is't, a +maypole? troth, 'twere a good body for a courtier's impreza, if it had +but this life--_Frustra storescit_. Hold, cousin, hold. + +(_He gives the fool money_.) + +_Fool_. Thanks, cousin, when the lord my father's audit comes, we'll +repay you again, your benevolence too, sir. + +_Mam._ What! a lord's son become a beggar! + +_Fool_. Why not, when beggars are become lord's sons. Come, 'tis but a +trifle. + +_Mam._ Oh, sir, many a small make a great. + +_Fool_. No, sir, a few great make a many small. Come, my lords, poor and +needy hath no law. + +_Ed._ Nor necessity no right. Drum, down with them into the cellar. Rest +content, rest content, one bout more, and then away. + +_Fool_. Spoke like a true heart; I kiss thy foot, sweet knight. + +(_The Morrice sing and dance, and exeunt_.) + +SWAINE. + + * * * * * + + + +THE SELECTOR; AND LITERARY NOTICES OF _NEW WORKS_. + + + * * * * * + + +SITTING IN THE DRUID'S CHAIR. + + +We detach the following scene from one of Mr. Horace Smith's _Tales of +the_ _Early Ages_. The date is the fifth century, about twenty years +after the final withdrawing of the Romans from Britain. The actors are +Hengist, the Saxon chief, Guinessa, his daughter, betrothed to Oscar, a +young prince, and Gryffhod, a Briton of some distinction, and proprietor +of Caer-Broc, a villa on the Kentish coast, where the parties are +sojourning. The incident embodies the _superstition of sitting in the +Druid's Chair_, similar in its portentous moment to sitting in St. +Michael's Chair, in Cornwall. It is told with considerable force and +picturesque beauty. + +"In the morning, Hengist informed his daughter, to her no small dismay, +that he meant to take her to Canterbury for the purpose of introducing +her to her uncle Horsa, desiring her to make preparations for her +immediate departure. 'But before I leave Caer-Broc,' said the Saxon, 'I +would fain mount that lofty cliff up which I climbed fifteen years ago, +in order that I might discover, if possible, upon what coast the storm +had cast me. It commands, as I recollect, an extensive inland view, and +I would show my fellow-soldiers the beauty of the country into which I +have led them.' + +"'It must have been the Druid's Chair, for that is the loftiest headland +upon our coast.' + +"'The higher the better, my child, for so shall we gain the wider +prospect. The morning is at present, clear, and I would climb the cliff +before those clouds which I see gathering in the west, shall be blown +hither to intercept our prospect.' So saying, he invited his comrades, +as well as Oscar, to accompany him; while Gryffhod, on learning his +purpose, joined his party with Leoline and others of his men, in order +that they might render assistance, should any such be required, in +climbing the broken and somewhat perilous ascent to the dizzy summit of +the cliff. Ropes were provided in case of accident, as persons had more +than once slipped from the narrow ledge, and fallen upon lower fragments +of the cliff, whence they could be only extricated by hauling them up. + +"Battered and undermined by the storms of ages, the Druid's Chair has +long since been shivered into fragments and wasted away; but at the +period of which we are writing it formed the outermost of a chain of +crags which were connected together by a tongue of rock and cliff +sufficiently continuous to allow a passage, but broken into sharp +acclivities and descents which rendered the undertaking toilsome to all, +and not without peril for those who were liable to be giddy, or who did +not possess a good portion of activity. 'Surely,' said Hengist, as he +followed Gryffhod, 'this ridge was much more even when I traversed it +fifteen years ago.' + +"'You are right,' replied the Briton; 'but rains and frosts have since +broken away its surface. This is our steepest ascent, but it is the +last. We will help Guinessa to surmount it, and when we gain the summit, +she shall be the first to sit in the Druid's Chair.' + +"With some little mutual assistance, the whole party gained the pinnacle +of the cliff, which was a small and nearly circular platform, with a +central crag that bore a rude resemblance to a chair. 'You shall have +the honour that was promised you,' said the Saxon chief to his daughter; +'but we must first clear away the samphire and weeds which have taken +previous possession of your seat.' So saying, he cut them away with his +sword, and lead his panting daughter to the throne, upon which she was +by no means sorry to rest herself. Hengist then walked repeatedly round +the lofty level, pointing out with his weapon the distant objects that +engaged his attention, and demanding frequent explanations from +Gryffhod, more particularly as to the direction and distance of +Canterbury. While he was thus occupied, the heavy western clouds, whose +threatenings he had been so anxious to anticipate, were swept rapidly +towards them by a sudden storm gust, which lashed up the waves into +fury, and instantly surrounded the foot of the crag whirlpools of foam. +The extensive prospect upon which they had so lately been gazing was now +shrouded in a dense gloom, presently pierced and irradiated by a vivid +flash of lightning, followed by a crash of thunder that made the lofty +crag tremble beneath their feet. To a martial soul like that of Hengist, +this warring of the elements presented a more spirit-stirring and +congenial spectacle, than all the tranquil beauties of the previous +prospect, and he pointed out to the admiration of his comrades the +fiercer features of the scene, shouting with delight as a huge mass of +the next projecting cliff, undermined by the raving waters, fell +thundering into the depths below. + +"While he was thus occupied, either his extended sword was touched, or +his arm was unnerved by the electric fluid, for the weapon fell from his +hand and instantly disappeared in the whirlpool beneath. 'My sword! my +enchanted sword!' exclaimed Hengist with a loud cry of consternation: +'it is lost, it is gone! a hundred pieces of gold to him who recovers my +precious weapon! I would plunge after it myself, but that I am +prohibited by the magician who fashioned it. My sword! my sword! a +hundred horses, besides the gold, to him who finds it. What! my brave +comrades,' he continued, casting a reproachful look at his +fellow-countrymen, 'will you see your leader ruined, and all his hopes +blasted, rather than attempt to get me back my sword?' + +"'We came hither to fight the Picts and Scots, not to drown ourselves in +such a hopeless enterprise,' muttered the Saxons. + +"'Oscar, my intended son-in-law! you are young and vigorous. Show +yourself worthy of Guinessa by plunging into the waters in search of my +lost talisman.' + +"'It is inevitable death; and besides you have promised her to me +already,' replied the young Prince, recoiling with a shudder from the +edge of the precipice. + +"'Craven! recreant! I recall my consent,' shouted Hengist, hoarse with +rage, 'and here in the face of Heaven I promise her to him, and him +only, who shall redeem my sword from the waters.' + +"'Do you swear to that vow?' asked Leoline, starting forward. + +"'Ay, I swear by the sword itself, an oath that I dare not violate, even +if I would.' + +"'Enough?' said Leoline; and springing instantly from the rock, he +precipitated himself down the fearful abyss, and plunged into the +foaming whirlpool below. Bewildered and aghast at this sudden act of +desperation, Guinessa, uttering a scream of agonized terror, would have +thrown herself after him, had she not been restrained by Gryffhod; but +she still bent over the precipice, her long golden hair, as it streamed +upon the wind, together with her white robes and arms, and her fair +features, all shown in strong relief against the dark thunder-cloud, +imparting to her the appearance of an aerial spirit, just alighted upon +this craggy pinnacle to watch the conflict of the elements. Every eye +was rivetted upon the spot where Leoline had cleft the eddying waves; +not a syllable was uttered; every heart thrilled painfully in +expectation of his reappearance, but he rose not again to the surface, +and the fears of the gazers responded to those of Guinessa, as she at +length ejaculated, in a deep and hollow voice, 'He is lost--he is lost!' +Another brief but dreadful pause ensued, when Guinessa, clasping her +hands sharply together, exclaimed, with an ecstatic shout, 'He rises--he +rises--he has found the sword!' and she sank upon her knees, trembling +all over with a vehement and irrepressible agitation. + +"The object of her deep emotion was now visible to all, holding the +recovered sword in his mouth, while with both hands he fought against +the buffetting billows, which hurled him against the foot of the cliff, +and as often by their recoil swept him back again; for the wave-worn +crag offered no holdfast either for the foot or hand. 'He will perish +still; he will be dashed to pieces against the rock,' cried Hengist, +almost wild with apprehension. + +"'He swims like a fish,' exclaimed Gryffhod, 'but he cannot strike out +of that boiling whirlpool; it is too strong for him. The ropes! the +ropes! where are they? let us lower them instantly, and we may perhaps +succeed in hauling him up.' + +"A rope, secured at top to the Druid's Chair, was instantly thrown over, +but the lower extremity being blown about by the wind, it was not till +after repeated efforts that Leoline could succeed in catching hold of +it, when he raised himself out of the water, and began to climb upwards +by supporting his feet against the cliff. More than once they slipped +away from the wet chalk, and he swung in mid-air; but his teeth still +firmly grasped the sword; he soon obtained a drier foothold, and thus +climbed to the summit: which he had no sooner reached in safety than +Guinessa, overcome by the revulsion of her feelings, sank panting and +fainting into her father's arms. Eagerly snatching the redeemed weapon, +its owner ran his eye over the blade, when finding that it had received +no injury, nor suffered any obliteration of the talismanic characters, +he repeatedly kissed it, replaced it in its scabbard, and then cordially +embracing its recoverer exclaimed, 'Thanks, brave Leoline; ay, and +something more substantial than empty thanks. Guinessa was right, after +all; she knows where to find a valiant and a worthy man; and, by Heaven! +I am glad that she preferred you to your rival. Right nobly have you won +her, and honourably shall you wear the prize. There she is; speak to +her; I warrant your voice will revive her more quickly than that of +Gryffhod; her consent you need not ask, for that you have obtained +already, so take her for your wife when you will, and God give you joy +of your choice, as for my part, I thank Heaven for bestowing on me so +dauntless a son-in-law!' + +"Cordial were the congratulations from all parties except Oscar, who, +filled with mortification and jealous hatred, slunk away before the +others; and during the march to Canterbury, which was commenced +immediately after their descent from the Druid's Chair, kept himself +aloof, equally incensed against Gryffhod, Hengist, and Guinessa, and +meditating dark schemes of vengeance." + +Oscar attempts to assassinate his successful rival at Canterbury; he +escapes, but in crossing the sea for Gaul, is taken by the piratical +Picts, carried to Scotland, and condemned to a rigorous and lifelong +slavery. Leoline and Guinessa are married, and Hengist becoming +paramount in Kent, assigns to them a castle with ample domains in the +Isle of Thanet; and in sailing along the coast they often pointed to +"the dizzy summit of the Druid's Chair," which Leoline often proudly +declared to be far more precious to him than any other object in +existence, since it had given him that which alone made existence +valuable--his Guinessa! + +In one of the Tales--of the Council of Nice, in the fourth century, Mr. +Smith indulges his usual felicitous vein of humour, in a burlesque which +he puts into the mouth of a slave of the Bishop of Ethiopia,--"a little, +corpulent, bald-headed, merry-eyed man of fifty, whose name was Mark; +whose duty it was to take charge of the oil, trim the lamps, and perform +other menial offices in the church of Alexandria." The profane wight +deserved, for his wit, a better place. + + * * * * * + + +THE JUST DYING SPEECH AND CONFESSION OF THE PAGAN IMMORTALS. + + + Alack and alas! it hath now come to pass, + That the Gods of Olympus, those cheats of the world, + Who bamboozled each clime from the birthday of Time, + Are at length from their mountebank eminence hurl'd. + + On their cold altar-stone are no offerings thrown, + And their worshipless worships no passenger greets, + Though they still may have praise for amending our ways, + If their statues are broken for paving the streets. + + The Deus Opt. Max. of these idols and quacks + Is now thrust in a corner for children to flout, + And the red thunder-brand he still grasps in his hand. + Lights not Jupiter Tonans to grope his way out. + + Their Magnus Apollo no longer we follow, + He's routed and flouted and laid on the shelf, + And no poet's address will now reach him unless + He can play his own lyre and flatter himself. + + As for Bacchus the sot, he has drain'd his last pot, + And must lay in the grave his intoxicate head, + For although by his aid he his votaries made + Full often dead drunk, they have now drunk him dead. + + O Mars, battle's Lord! canst thou not draw a sword, + As forth from its temple thy statue we toss? + We want not thy lance, since our legions advance + Beneath the bless'd banner of Constantine's cross. + + Juno, Venus, and Pallas, to shame were so callous, + And have always so widely from decency swerved, + That it well might be urged, if their statues were scourged + And then thrown in the kennel, their doom was deserved. + + The pontiffs and priests, who have lost all their feasts, + And the oracles shorn of their hecatomb herds, + Having nothing to carve, if they don't wish to starve, + Must feed upon falsehoods and eat their own words. + + O'er these mountebanks dead, be this epitaph read, + "The Gods, Priests and Oracles buried beneath, + Who were ever at strife which should lie most in life, + Here _lie_ all alike in corruption and death." + + * * * * * + + + +SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS. + + + * * * * * + + +SHELLEY AT OXFORD. + + +A delightful paper, entitled, _Percy Bysshe Shelley at Oxford_ is now in +course of appearance in the _New Monthly Magazine_, from the pen of a +fellow collegian and an early admirer of the genius of the youthful +poet. It is in part conversational. Thus, Shelley _loquitur_:-- + +"I regret only that the period of our residence is limited to four +years; I wish they would revive, for our sake, the old term of six or +seven years. If we consider how much there is for us to learn," here he +paused and sighed deeply through that despondency which sometimes comes +over the unwearied and zealous student; "we shall allow that the longer +period would still be far too short!" I assented, and we discoursed +concerning the abridgement of the ancient term of residence, and the +diminution of the academical year by frequent, protracted and most +inconvenient vacations. "To quit Oxford," he said, "would be still more +unpleasant to you than to myself, for you aim at objects that I do not +seek to compass, and you cannot fail since you are resolved to place +your success beyond the reach of chance." He enumerated with extreme +rapidity, and in his enthusiastic strain, some of the benefits and +comforts of a college life. "Then the _oak_ is such a blessing," he +exclaimed with peculiar fervour, clasping his hands, and repeating +often--"the oak is such a blessing!" slowly and in a solemn tone. "The +oak alone goes far towards making this place a paradise. In what other +spot in the world, surely in none that I have hitherto visited, can you +say confidently, it is perfectly impossible, physically impossible, that +I should be disturbed? Whether a man desire solitary study, or to enjoy +the society of a friend or two, he is secure against interruption. It is +not so in a house, not by any means; there is not the same protection in +a house, even in the best-contrived house. The servant is bound to +answer the door; he must appear and give some excuse: he may betray, by +hesitation and confusion, that he utters a falsehood; he must expose +himself to be questioned; he must open the door and violate your privacy +in some degree; besides there are other doors, there are windows at +least, through which a prying eye can detect some indication that +betrays the mystery. How different is it here! The bore arrives; the +outer door is shut; it is black and solid, and perfectly impenetrable, +as is your secret; the doors are all alike; he can distinguish mine from +yours by the geographical position only. He may knock; he may call; he +may kick if he will; he may inquire of a neighbour, but he can inform +him of nothing; he can only say, the door is shut, and this he knows +already. He may leave his card, that you may rejoice over it and at your +escape; he may write upon it the hour when he proposes to call again, to +put you upon your guard, and that he may be quite sure of seeing the +back of your door once more. When the bore meets you and says, I called +at your house at such a time, you are required to explain your absence, +to prove an _alibi_ in short, and perhaps to undergo a rigid +cross-examination; but if he tells you, 'I called at your rooms +yesterday at three and the door was shut,' you have only to say, 'Did +you? was it?' and there the matter ends. + +"Were you not charmed with your oak? did it not instantly captivate +you!" + +"My introduction to it was somewhat unpleasant and unpropitious. The +morning after my arrival I was sitting at breakfast: my scout, the +Arimaspian, apprehending that the singleness of his eye may impeach his +character for officiousness, in order to escape the reproach of seeing +half as much only as other men, is always striving to prove that he sees +at least twice as far as the most sharpsighted: after many +demonstrations of superabundant activity, he inquired if I wanted +anything more; I answered in the negative. He had already opened the +door: 'Shall I sport, Sir?' he asked briskly as he stood upon the +threshold. He seemed so unlike a sporting character, that I was curious +to learn in what sport he proposed to indulge. I answered--'Yes, by all +means,' and anxiously watched him, but to my surprise and disappointment +he instantly vanished. As soon as I had finished my breakfast, I sallied +forth to survey Oxford; I opened one door quickly, and not suspecting +that there was a second, I struck my head against it with some violence. +The blow taught me to observe that every set of rooms has two doors, and +I soon learned that the outer door, which is thick and solid, is called +the oak, and to shut it is termed to sport. I derived so much benefit +from my oak, that I soon pardoned this slight inconvenience: it is +surely the tree of knowledge." + +"Who invented the oak?" + +"The inventers of the science of living in rooms, or chambers--the +monks." + +"Ah! they were sly fellows; none but men who were reputed to devote +themselves for many hours to prayers, to religious meditations, and holy +abstractions, would ever have been permitted quietly to place at +pleasure such a barrier between themselves and the world. We now reap +the advantage of their reputation for sanctity; I shall revere my oak +more than ever, since its origin is so sacred." + + * * * * * + + + +THE NATURALIST. + + +GLEANINGS IN NATURAL HISTORY. + +(_Concluded from page 247._) + + +What a lesson may art learn from contemplating scenes of nature. + +_The Thrush._ + +"Thrushes feed very much on snails, looking for them in mossy banks. +Having frequently observed some broken snail-shells near two projecting +pebbles on a gravel walk, which had a hollow between them, I endeavoured +to discover the occasion of their being brought to that situation. At +last I saw a thrush fly to the spot with a snail-shell in his mouth, +which he placed between the two stones, and hammered at it with his beak +till he had broken it, and was then able to feed on its contents. The +bird must have discovered that he could not apply his beak with +sufficient force to break the shell while it was rolling about, and he +therefore found out and made use of a spot which would keep the shell in +one position. I do not know whether Mr. M'Adam has ever observed the +same circumstance, but his ingenious contrivance (if it is his) of +confining stones in a sort of hoop while they are being broken, is +somewhat similar to that of the thrush." + +_The Pike_ it seems, is a formidable foe to _tackle_. + +"The boldness of a pike is very extraordinary. I have seen one follow a +bait within a foot of the spot where I have been standing; and the head +keeper of Richmond Park assured me that he was once washing his hand at +the side of a boat in the great pond in that Park, when a pike made a +dart at it, and he had but just time to withdraw it. A gentleman now +residing at Weybridge, in Surrey, informed me that, walking one day by +the side of the river Wey, near that town, he saw a large pike in a +shallow creek. He immediately pulled off his coat, tucked up his shirt +sleeves, and went into the water to intercept the return of the fish to +the river, and to endeavour to throw it upon the bank by getting his +hands under it. During this attempt, the pike, finding he could not make +his escape, seized one of the arms of the gentleman, and lacerated it so +much that the wound is still very visible. + +"A friend of mine caught a pike a few minutes after breaking his tackle, +and found it in the pike, a part of the gimp hanging out of his mouth. +He also caught another, in high condition, with a piece of strong +twisted wire projecting from its side. On opening it a double eel-hook +was found at the end of the wire, much corroded. This may account for so +few pike being found dead after they have broken away with a gorge-hook +in them. An account will be found, in 'Salmonia,' of a pike taking a +bait, with a set of hooks in his mouth, which he had just before broken +from a line." + +_Affection of Animals._ + +"Animals are so capable of showing gratitude and affection to those who +have been kind to them, that I never see them subjected to ill treatment +without feeling the utmost abhorrence of those who are inflicting it. I +know many persons who, like myself, take a pleasure in seeing all the +animals about them appear happy and contented. Cows will show their +pleasure at seeing those who have been kind to them, by moving their +ears gently, and putting out their wet noses. My old horse rests his +head on the gate with great complacency when he sees me coming, +expecting to receive an apple or a piece of bread. I should even be +sorry to see my poultry and pigs get out of my way with any symptoms of +fear." + +_The Moor-hen._ + +One of Mr. Haydon's new pictures is _the first start in life_--a mother +teaching her infant to walk--it is a clever sketch, but, bearing in mind +the beautiful comparison of Solomon and the lily of the valley, here is +a counterpart. + +"Fishing the other day in Hampton Court Park, I disturbed a moor-hen who +had just hatched, and watched her anxiety and manoeuvres to draw away +her young. She would go a short distance, utter a cry, return, and +seemed to lead the way for her brood to follow. Having driven her away, +that I might have a better opportunity of watching her young ones, she +never ceased calling to them, and they made towards her, skulking +amongst the rushes, till they got to the other side of the pond. They +had only just left the shell, and had probably never heard the cry of +their mother before." + +There is true benevolence in these remarks. How much is conveyed in the +homely expression, that such a man "would not tread upon a worm:" we +should learn to covet such men as friends. + +_The Cardinal Spider._ + +"There is a large breed of spiders which are found very generally in the +palace of Hampton-Court. They are called there 'cardinals,' having I +suppose been first seen in Cardinal Wolsey's hall. They are full an inch +in length, and many of them of the thickness of a finger. Their legs are +about two inches long, and their body covered with a thick hair. They +feed chiefly on moths as appears from the wings of that insect being +found in great abundance under and amongst their webs. In running across +the carpet in an evening, with the shade cast from their large bodies by +the light of the lamp or candle, they have been mistaken for mice, and +have occasioned no little alarm to some of the more nervous inhabitants +of the palace. A doubt has even been raised whether the name of cardinal +has not been given to this creature from an ancient supposition that the +ghost of Wolsey haunts the place of his former glory under this shape. +Be this as it may, the spider is considered as a curiosity, and +Hampton-Court is the only place in which I have met with it." + +Did Wolsey, arrayed in all his glory, ever regard a spider, or think +that his proud name would be coupled with so minute a member of the +creation? + +_Rook-shooting._ + +"Rooks are not easily induced to forsake the trees on which they have +been bred, and which they frequently revisit after the breeding season +is over. This is shown in Hampton-Court Park, where there is an +extensive rookery amongst the fine lime-trees, and where a barbarous and +unnecessary custom prevails of shooting the young rooks. As many as a +hundred dozen of them have been killed in one season, and yet the rooks +build in the avenue, though there is a corresponding avenue close by, in +Bushy Park, which they never frequent, notwithstanding the trees are +equally high and equally secure. I never hear the guns go off during +this annual slaughter without execrating the practice, and pitying the +poor rooks, whose melancholy cries may be heard to a great distance, and +some of whom may be seen, exhausted by their fruitless exertions, +sitting melancholy on a solitary tree waiting till the _sport_ is over, +that they may return and see whether any of the offspring which they +have reared with so much care and anxiety are left to them; or, what is +more probable, the call for assistance of their young having ceased, +they are aware of their fate, and are sitting in mournful contemplation +of their loss. This may appear romantic, but it is nevertheless true." + +Who can read the above without a shudder at the brutal taste of the +lords of the lower world. + +_The Emu._ + +"The only instance I have met with in which the hen bird has not the +chief care in hatching and bringing up the young is in the case of the +emus at the farm belonging to the Zoological Society near Kingston. A +pair of these birds have now five young ones: the female at different +times dropped nine eggs in various places in the pen in which she was +confined. These were collected in one place by the male, who rolled them +gently and carefully along with his beak. He then sat upon them himself, +and continued to do so with the utmost assiduity for nine weeks, during +which time the female never took his place, nor was he ever observed to +leave the nest. When the young were hatched,[4] he alone took charge of +them, and has continued to do so ever since, the female not appearing to +notice them in any way. On reading this anecdote, many persons would +suppose that the female emu was not possessed of that natural affection +for its young which other birds have. In order to rescue it from this +supposition, I will mention that a female emu belonging to the Duke of +Devonshire at Cheswick lately laid some eggs; and as there was no male +bird, she collected them together herself and sat upon them." + + [4] There are now (June) five young emus alive, and appearing + perfectly healthy. + +_The Toad._ + +"It is a curious fact that toads are so numerous in the island of +Jersey, that they have become a term of reproach for its inhabitants, +the word 'Crapaud' being frequently applied to them; while in the +neighbouring island of Guernsey not a toad is to be found, though they +have frequently been imported. Indeed, certain other islands have always +been privileged in this respect. Ireland is free from venomous animals, +of course by the aid of St. Patrick. The same was affirmed of Crete in +olden times, being the birthplace of Jupiter. The Isle of Man is said +also to be free from venomous creatures. The Mauritius, and I believe +one of the Balearic islands, enjoys the same immunity." + +The following anecdote is as pretty as the writer conceives it to be: + +"His present Majesty, when residing in Bushy Park, had a part of the +foremast of the Victory, against which Lord Nelson was standing when he +received his fatal wound, deposited in a small temple in the grounds of +Bushy House, from which it was afterwards removed, and placed at the +upper end of the dining-room, with a bust of Lord Nelson upon it. A +large shot had passed completely through this part of the mast, and +while it was in the temple a pair of robins had built their nest in the +shot-hole, and reared a brood of young ones. It was impossible to +witness this little occurrence without reflecting on the scene of blood, +and strife of war, which had occurred to produce so snug and peaceable a +retreat for a nest of harmless robins. If that delightful poet of the +lakes, Mr. Wordsworth, should ever condescend to read this little +anecdote, it might supply him with no bad subject for one of his +charming sonnets." + +A few entertaining particulars of + +_The Royal Parks._ + +"There are two elm trees, or rather the remains of two, in Hampton Court +Park, known by the name of the 'Giants,' which must have been of an +enormous size, the trunk of one of them measuring twenty-eight feet in +circumference. + +"Cork trees flourish in Hampton Court Park, where there are two large +ones. There are also some ilexes, or evergreen oaks, in Bushy Park, of a +very large size, and apparently as hardy as any other tree there. The +avenues in that park are perhaps the finest in Europe. There are nine of +them altogether, the centre one, formed by two rows of horse-chestnut +trees, being the widest. The side avenues, of which there are four on +each side of the main avenue, are of lime trees, and the whole length, +including the circuit round the Diana water, is one mile and forty +yards. + +"Near the Queen's house in this park is a very fine Spanish chestnut +tree, said to have been planted by Charles II., and to have been the +first which was seen in this country. + +"The trees which at present form so much of the beauty of Greenwich Park +were planted by Evelyn, and if he could now see them he would call them +'goodly trees,' at least some of them. The chestnuts, however, though +they produce some fine fruit, have not thriven in the same proportion +with the elms. In noticing this park I should not forget to mention that +the only remaining part of the palace of Henry VIII. is preserved in the +front of Lord Auckland's house looking into the park. It is a circular +delft window of beautiful workmanship, and in a fine state of +preservation. There are also a great number of small tumuli in the upper +part of the park, all of which appear to have been opened." + +"In addition to the herd of fallow deer, amounting to about one thousand +six hundred, which are kept in Richmond Park, there is generally a stock +of from forty to fifty red deer. One fine stag was so powerful, and +offered so much resistance, that two of his legs were broken in +endeavouring to secure him, and he was obliged to be killed. One who had +shown good sport in the royal hunt, was named 'Sir Edmund,' by his late +Majesty, in consequence of Sir Edmund Nagle having been in at the +'_take_' after a long chase. This stag lived some years afterwards in +the park; and its a curious fact that he died the very same day on which +Sir Edmund Nagle died." + +The volume contains some interesting antiquarian inquiries respecting +Caesar's ford at Kingston, and Maxims for an Angler, by a Bungler. + + * * * * * + + + +THE SKETCH BOOK + + +THE ABBOT OF TEWKESBURY. + +(_For the Mirror._) + + + "After life's fitful fever be sleeps well." + _Shakspeare_. + +(In opening the tomb of the founder of the Abbey at Tewkesbury, the body +of the Abbot was found clothed in full canonicals. The crosier was as +perfect as when, perhaps, first put in the coffin, while the body showed +scarcely any symptom of decay, though it had been entombed considerably +above six hundred years. On exposure to the air, the boots alone of the +Abbot were seen to sink, when the tomb was ordered to be sealed up, and +his holiness again committed in his darkness. On the above circumstance +this sketch is founded.) + +Is this to be dead? Am I not clad in all pontifical splendour? Do I not +feel the crosier on my breast? The holy brethren of the Abbey surround +me. That which distinguished the Abbot when alive, is even here in +collected magnificence. I feel the priestly consequence of the Abbot. Is +this then the Chamber of the Dead? The pious monks are weeping. The +tears which have flowed before the marble shrine are recalled to weep +for a departed brother. The incense is full fragrant. I enjoy the +perception of its odour. It dilates in my stiffened nostrils, but it +supplies me not the breath of life. I hear the loud Hosanna chanted for +a soul which dies in the Lord. I will repeat the strain. No. My voice +refuses to fall back upon the ear. Where is my heart that it beats not +swelling to the anthem's measure? Cold! cold! cold! Nay; I will rise. I +will respond unto the funeral dirge. I will shout. Oh! my trunk is +hardened, and my tongue is glued. Silence! they pause. Say, do they hear +me? No. Silence, horrible and awful. Hark! they mourn with lamentation +on my fate. O, Heaven! must I endure all this? Must the living weep for +the dead, and the conscious dead be doomed to dismal silence. Horror! +horror! horror! IS THIS TO BE DEAD? + + * * * * * + +A convocation! Yes. The holy brothers in assembled synod to elect a +brother holier than themselves. Nay, I do forbid. I, the Abbot who have +loved ye all, refuse permission to your meeting. Disperse, disperse. Do +ye not hear? Is there no charity alive? Who dares usurp my chair, and I +not yet entombed? What! is justice driven out where heavenly men should +dwell? I see it. I mark it. The leaven of pride is kneaded in the +brotherhood. Intriguing hypocrites usurp the House of God. What! brother +John, the fat, the corpulent, the lazy! of whom I know ten thousand +heinous sins; the least sufficient to condemn a soul. An Abbot, chosen +by the holy, is the elect of God. But he--no, no, no. It shall not be. +God will forbid it. They put the crosier in his hand. For shame! for +shame! Let not the vicious living sit in the chair of virtue that is +departed. Why see! he kneels. He kneels before the shrine, where, until +now, he never bent to pray. He grasps the crosier with loving firmness. +It shall not be. Is there no interposing Deity to slay the sinner in his +wickedness? I, I will seize the crosier from his filthy hand. No. My arm +lays idly at my side. Is THIS TO BE DEAD? + + * * * * * + +They chant the funeral dirge. The mighty torches flash their blazing +light upon the frozen features of the dead. Mine eyes are sealed. I +strain to open them. No. Light gleams in upon me as through a clear +veil. Ah! monster of hateful mien! demon deceitful in religious robes! +avaunt! Thou shalt not touch my corpse. No. Thank God! It is a foretaste +of thy love to come. He passes on. He dares not lay polluted hands upon +the dead, whose becalmed face is looking up to thee. The dead, the +sacred dead. The living are for the world, the dead are Thine. Incense, +and prayer, and psalms for the departed. It is respectful, but what heed +I? Man comes into the world only to go out thereof. What then? The +grave! Horror. I have preached thereof. I have shocked others with the +enormities of life until they clung unto the grave. Now, I who have +bidden the virtuous look to the hopes beyond it, myself would cry to +live. But no! they bear me on. He, the foul monster, grins as he looks +upon my outstretched limbs. Wolf, I'll pray for thee. Breathe, breathe +hardly, ye distended nostrils; it is your last pulsation with the air of +earth. No. Sealed as the marble figures by which they bear me. Is this +my Tomb. Is this the narrow house appointed for the living? Is this the +Abbot's palace after death? Nay, I pray thee, brethren, close me not up +in yon receptacle. Where the cold air might shiver on my flesh I may be +happy. Yon tomb is dark and dismal, shut from the eye of day. Louder and +louder grows your chant, I know its terminating cadence. It falls upon +mine ear. Take off this stony lid. Nay, I will knock, knock, knock. My +arms are still unraised. They hear me not. Brethren! men! christians! +no, monks, monks, monks, cold as the stone ye place upon my breast! Have +ye no ears? no hearts? Do I not shout? Do I not pray? Ah! my tongue is +one of marble. It is cold and fixed. They will not hear me. Listen! +their parting and receding steps. Nay, hasten not away. Silence. No. One +step is lingering behind. Thank God! I shout. Brother! what, ho! He +hears. Brother! He pauses. What ho! He goes. Brother! Silence is around, +hushed as my own attempts to burst a voice. Hark! a noise. No. Silence. +Is THIS TO BE DEAD? + + * * * * * + +Yet in the grave. Years have rolled away. Successors to my chair sleep +in the stony sepulchres around me. Monks whom I have awed or blessed, +slumber in death. Men, whom I have known not, walk in the cloisters I +have built. I am but mentioned as a thing that was--the memory of a +name. Enough. There is no communion among the dead. Methought the +spirits of the other world held converse on the joys they left on earth. +But all is still. I cannot hear a lament, even for a rotted bone. The +dead are tongue-tied. In yonder chancel sleeps a monarch, murdered by +bloody relations. Should not such a spirit shriek aloud for vengeance, +or weep a wailing for his destiny? But all is still. I hear no night owl +screech. Earth is the only dwelling place of noise. Death knows it not. +Methinks a shriek were music, a sigh were melody, a groan a feast. But +no. Time has almost used me to its sombre sameness. Is not time tired to +have gone so long the same unchanging course? I cannot move. My joints +are aching with continued rest. I cannot turn:--my sides are sunken in. +Would I could turn and crush them into bones with my reclining weight. +Is my heart sinful that it weighs down all my body. Is this the gnawing +and undying worm? Is THIS TO BE DEAD. + + * * * * * + +Six hundred years and still I am in the tomb. So much of man has sought +a refuge in the grave. I well may ask if life is yet on earth. Has man +degraded or is England ruined! I hear the footsteps of those that gaze +upon the stony sepulchres. I feel the glaring of their curious eyes +between the crevices which time has uncemented. They make remarks. Is +then a tomb a monument of wonder? They talk of monks as things that are +no more. Then is the world no more. At last the time is come. They lay +their iron hand upon the stone. They knock, they knock. Hark! It rings +through the giant isles till the echo thrills with joy. They knock the +stony cerement that enshrines me. Great Heaven! I thank thee! Used as I +am become to my hollow narrowness, I shall rejoice to quit it. The lid +upraises. I feel the air. I feel the air. Now, now, let me rise. I feel +myself prepared. Ah! the boots fall off. I shall ascend. The boots fall +off. What are there none to raise me? See, they grin. Am I not come unto +the resurrection of the life? What! that horrid lid again. O, no, no. +They stifle me again. They fasten me to sleep--to sleep--to sleep. THIS, +THIS IS TO BE DEAD. + +P.S. + + * * * * * + + + +NOTES OF A READER + + +WILLS, + +_Abridged from Powell's Advice to Executors, (just published.)_ + + +_Queen Consort._--An ancient perquisite belonging to the Queen Consort +was, that on the taking of a _whale_ on the coasts, it should be divided +between the King and Queen; the head only becoming the King's property, +and the tail the Queen's. The reason of this whimsical distinction, as +assigned by our ancient records, was to furnish the Queen's wardrobe +with whalebone. + +_A civil Death_ is where a husband has undergone transportation for +life. In such case, his wife is legally entitled to make a will, and act +in every other matter, as if she was unmarried, or as though her husband +were dead.--_Roper's Husband and Wife_. + +_Pin Money._--It has been judicially determined, that a married woman +having any _pin-money_, (by which is understood an annual income settled +by the husband, before marriage, on his intended wife, or allowed by him +to her after marriage, gratuitously, for her personal and private +expenditure during the existence of the marriage,) or any separate +maintenance, may, by will, bequeath her _savings_ out of such allowance, +without the license or consent of her husband.--_Clamey's Equitable +Rights of Married Women._ + +_Compulsory Will._--So cautious is the Ecclesiastical Court in guarding +against restraint of any kind, that in a case in which it was proved +that a man, in his last sickness, was compelled to make his will to +_procure quiet from the extreme importunity of his wife_, it was held to +have been made under restraint, and was declared void. + +_Wills of Criminals._--The lands and tenements of _traitors_, from the +commission of the offence, and their goods and chattels, from the time +of their conviction, are forfeited to the king. They have therefore no +property in either; and are not merely deprived of the privilege of +making any kind of will after the period of their conviction, but any +will _previously_ made is rendered void by such conviction, both as +respects real and personal estate. The law respecting _felons_ is the +same, unless it be worth recording that a remarkable exception exists in +favour of Gavelkind lands, which, even though the ancestor be hanged, +are not forfeited for felony. + +_Bachelors' Wills._--Without any express revocation, if a man who has +made his will, afterwards _marries, and has a child or children_, his +will, made while a bachelor, will be presumptively _revoked_, both as +regards real and personal estate, and he will be pronounced to have died +intestate. The law presumes that it must be the natural intention of +every man to provide for his wife and offspring before all others, and, +consequently, in such a case, apportions his property according to the +Statute of Distributions. But the fact of a marriage alone, _without a +child_, is no revocation; and though both facts conjoin to revoke the +will, yet such revocation is only on the presumption that the testator +_could not have intended_ his will to remain good. If, on the other +hand, from expressions used by him, and other proof, it be made to +appear unquestionable that it was his intent that his will _should_ +continue in force, the marriage and birth of children will not revoke +it. + +_Paraphernalia of a Widow._--These are defined to be "such goods as a +wife is, after her husband's death, allowed to retain in preference to +all creditors and legatees; as necessary wearing apparel, and jewels, if +she be of quality; and whether so or not, all such ornaments of the +person, as watches, rings, and trinkets, as _she used to wear_ in her +husband's life-time. Under the term 'wearing apparel' are included +whatsoever articles were given to her by her husband for the purpose of +being made up into clothes, although he may have died before they were +made up." (_Clamey._) It should be added, however, that the jewels of +the wife are, after her husband's death, liable to the payment of his +debts, should his personal estate be exhausted; though her necessary +wearing apparel is protected against the claim of all creditors. + + * * * * * + + +SUPERSTITION OF SAILORS. + + +The following is from Messrs. Bennet and Tyerman's _Voyages and +Travels_: "Our chief mate said, that on board a ship where he had +served, the mute on duty ordered some of the youths to reef the +main-top-sail. When the first got up, he heard a strange voice saying, +'_It blows hard_.' The lud waited for no more; he was down in a trice, +and telling his adventure; a second immediately ascended, laughing at +the folly of his companion, but returned even more quickly declaring +that he was quite sure that a voice, not of this world, had cried in his +ear, 'It blows hard.' Another went, and another, but each came back with +the same tale. At length the mate, having sent up the whole watch, run +up the shrouds himself; and when he reached the haunted spot, heard the +dreadful words distinctly uttered in his ears, 'It blows hard.' 'Ay, ay, +old one; but blow it ever so hard, we must ease the earings for all +that,' replied the mate undauntedly; and looking round, he spied a fine +parrot perched on one of the clues--the thoughtless author of all the +false alarms, which had probably escaped from some other vessel, but had +not been discovered to have taken refuge on this. Another of our +officers mentioned that, on one of his voyages, he remembered a boy +having been sent up to clear a rope which had got foul above the +mizen-top. Presently, however, he came back, trembling, and almost +tumbling to the bottom, declaring that he had seen 'Old Davy,' aft the +cross-trees; moreover, that the Evil One had a huge head and face, with +pricked ears, and eyes as bright as fire. Two or three others were sent +up in succession; to all of whom the apparition glared forth, and was +identified by each to be 'Old Davy, sure enough.' The mate, in a rage, +at length mounted himself; when resolutely, as in the former case, +searching for the bugbear, he soon ascertained the innocent cause of so +much terror to be a large horned owl, so lodged as to be out of sight to +those who ascended on the other side of the vessel, but which when any +one approached the cross-trees, popped up his portentous visage to see +what was coming. The mate brought him down in triumph, and 'Old Davy,' +the owl, became a very peaceable shipmate among the crew, who were no +longer scared by his horns and eyes; for sailors turn their backs on +nothing when they know what it is. Had the birds, in these two +instances, departed as they came, of course they would have been deemed +supernatural visitants to the respective ships, by all who had heard the +one or seen the other." W.G.C. + + * * * * * + + + +THE GATHERER + + + * * * * * + +_Hard Duty._--As a gentleman's coachman washed his master's carriage +during divine service on Sunday morning, he was heard to say that "he +hoped his master and mistress prayed for him, as he had no time to pray +for himself." He brought his lady home from the Opera at one in the +morning; then went to fetch his master from the "Hell" in St. +James's-street, and by the time he had littered and rubbed down his +horses, and got to his own bed, it was four o'clock; he thought after +that he could not do less than sleep till nine; by half-past-ten he had +got his breakfast, and at twelve his carriage was ready; at one he took +his dinner; at two he was ordered to be at the door to take his lady and +the young ladies to the Park; at five he returned, and was ordered out +at six, to carry the family to dinner; after setting them down, he was +directed to come at half-past eleven; and by two o'clock on Monday +morning, the poor man was once more in his bed. + +_Le Due de Bourdeaux._--It was still dark when the order was given to +notify the auspicious birth of the young Duc de Bordeaux, in November, +1820, to the inhabitants of Paris. It was observed to the Duc de +Richelieu, that it might perhaps be better to wait for the break of day, +to fire the cannon; to which he replied, "For news so glorious, it is +break of day at all times." S.H. + +_Scriptural Memoranda._--Verse 18, chap. xii. of the first Book of +Maccabees, will make an excellent motto for a seal. The 21st verse of +the 7th chap. of Ezra, contains every letter of the alphabet. The 19th +chap, of the 2nd Book of Kings, and the 37th of Isaiah, are alike, as +are also the 31st chap, of the first Book of Samuel, and the 10th chap, +of the 1st Chronicles. T. GILL. + +"_Caviare to the Multitude_," is as good a simile as Shakspeare ever +made, for where is the artisan, but after having tasted it, began to +spit and splutter as though he had been poisoned, while the aristocrat, +the one in a thousand, licks his lips after it, as the greatest +delicacy. This article is the roe of the sturgeon, salted down and +pressed, and is imported into this country from Odessa. S.H. + +_Man-killing and Man-eating._--I really do not think the New Zealanders +are half so barbarous as the Russians, whatever other folks may say of +it, and I'll abide by what I've said too: it is true they sometimes +indulge a little by eating a man for dinner, as a delicacy; but leaving +eating out of the question, one Russian chief caused more bloodshed last +year, than all the New Zealanders put together; and after all, it is an +undoubted fact, that a couple of Russians will eat up a rein-deer at a +meal! (that is, they will not give over till they have finished it,) so +they do not want appetite; and if they were in New Zealand, and a man +were to fall in their way, it is very likely that they would eat him. +S.H. + +_Generosity of Marshal Turenne._--The deputies of a great metropolis in +Germany, once offered the great Turenne 100,000 crowns not to pass with +his army through the city. "Gentlemen," said he, "I cannot, in +conscience, accept your money, as I had no intention to pass that way." +T. GILL. + +_Spain._--It is remarkable that the Carthaginians having established +colonies in Spain, drew their riches from that country, as the Spaniards +themselves afterwards did from South America. + +_Breakfast._--It has been observed, such is our luxury, that the world +must be encompassed to furnish a washerwoman with breakfast: with tea +from China, and sugar from the West Indies. + +_Bamboo._--The largest and tallest sort of bamboo, known In India, is +about half the height of the London Monument, or 100 feet. + +_Brick-building_ was practised largely in Italy in the beginning of the +fourteenth century; and the brick buildings erected at this period in +Tuscany, and other parts of the north of Italy, exhibit at the present +day the finest specimens extant of brick-work! + +_Nothing Impossible._--Mirabeau's haste of temper was known, and he must +be obeyed. "Monsieur Comte," said his secretary to him one day, "the +thing you require is impossible." "Impossible!" exclaimed Mirabeau, +starting from his chair, "never again use that _foolish word_ in my +presence."--_Dumont's Mirabeau._ (This brief anecdote should never be +forgotten by the reader: it is more characteristic than hundreds of +pages; it is, to all men, a lesson almost in a line.) + +_"Nice to a Shaving."_--When Louis VII. of France, to obey the +injunctions of his bishops, cropped his hair and shaved his beard, +Eleanor, his consort, found him with this unusual appearance, very +ridiculous, and soon very contemptible. She revenged herself as she +thought proper, and the poor shaved king obtained a divorce. She then +married the Count of Anjou, afterwards our Henry II. She had for her +marriage dower the rich provinces of Poitu and Guyenne; and this was the +origin of those wars which for three hundred years ravaged France, and +cost the French three millions of men: all which, probably, had never +occurred, had Louis VII. not been so rash as to crop his head, and shave +his beard, by which he became so disgustful in the eyes of our Queen +Eleanor. W.A. + +_American Wife._--The following advertisement for a wife appeared a few +years since, in a New York paper:--"Wanted immediately, a young lady, of +the following description, (as a wife,) with about 2,000 dollars as a +patrimony, sweet temper, spend little, be a good housewife, and born in +America; and as I am not more than twenty-five years of age, I hope it +will not be difficult to find a good wife. N.B. I take my dwelling in +South Second Street, No. 273. Any lady that answers the above +description will please to leave her card." W.G.C. + +The following is said to be an unpublished epigram of Lord Byron:-- + + An old phlegmatic Dutchman took + A pretty Jewish wife, + And what still more surprising is, + He lov'd her 'bove his life-- + Oh! Holland and Jerusalem, + What, tell me, do you think of them? + +_A Queer Library._--The eccentric physician, Dr. Radcliffe, when +pursuing his studies, was content with looking into the works of Dr. +Willis. He was possessed of very few books, insomuch that when Dr. +Bathurst, head of Trinity College, asked him once with surprise, where +his study was? he pointed to a few vials, a skeleton, and a herbal, and +said, "Sir, this is Radcliffe's Library." P.T.W. + +_How to detect a Thief._--A watch was stolen in the Pit of the Opera, in +Paris; the loser complained in a loud voice, and said, "It is just nine; +in a few minutes my watch will strike; the second is strong; and by that +means we shall instantly ascertain where it is." The thief, terrified at +this, endeavoured to escape, and by his agitation discovered himself. T. +GILL. + + * * * * * + +_Printed and Published by J. LIMBIRD, 143, Strand (near Somerset House,) +London; sold by ERNEST FLEISCHER. 626. New Market, Leipsic. G.G. BENNIS, +55, Rue Neuve, St. Augustin, Paris; and by all Newsmen and Booksellers._ + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, +and Instruction, by Various + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE MIRROR OF LITERATURE *** + +***** This file should be named 11542.txt or 11542.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/1/1/5/4/11542/ + +Produced by Jonathan Ingram, David King, and the Online Distributed +Proofreading Team + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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