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diff --git a/1151-h/1151-h.htm b/1151-h/1151-h.htm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..4ad222d --- /dev/null +++ b/1151-h/1151-h.htm @@ -0,0 +1,11778 @@ +<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" +"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> +<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en"> +<head> +<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=UTF-8" /> +<meta http-equiv="Content-Style-Type" content="text/css" /> +<title>The Project Gutenberg eBook of The Nibelungenlied</title> + +<style type="text/css" xml:space="preserve"> + + body { margin:5%; background:#faebd0; text-align:justify} + P { text-indent: 1em; margin-top: .25em; margin-bottom: .25em; } + H1,H2,H3,H4,H5,H6 { text-align: center; margin-left: 15%; margin-right: 15%; } + hr { width: 50%; text-align: center;} + blockquote {font-size: 97%; font-style: italic; margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%;} + .toc { margin-left: 10%; margin-bottom: .75em;} + pre { font-style: italic; font-size: 90%; margin-left: 10%;} + +</style> + </head> + <body> +<div>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 1151 ***</div> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <h1> + THE NIBELUNGENLIED + </h1> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <h2> + By An Unknown Author + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <h3> + Translated by Daniel B. Shumway + </h3> + <p> + <br /> <br /> + </p> + <hr /> + <p> + <br /> <br /> + </p> + <p> + Originally written in Middle High German (M.H.G.), sometime around 1200 + A.D., although this dating is by no means certain. Author unknown. + </p> + <p> + The text of this edition is based on that published as "The + Nibelungenlied", translated by Daniel B. Shumway (Houghton-Mifflin Co., + New York, 1909). + </p> + <p> + PREPARER'S NOTE: In order to make this electronic edition easier to use, + the preparer has found it necessary to re-arrange the endnotes of Mr. + Shumway's edition, collating them with the chapters themselves and + substituting page references with footnote references. The preparer takes + full responsibility for these changes.—DBK. + </p> + <p> + <br /> <br /> + </p> + <hr /> + <p> + <br /> <br /> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <big><b>CONTENTS</b></big> + </p> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2H_4_0001"> SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY: </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2H_PREF"> PREFACE </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2H_4_0003"> INTRODUCTORY SKETCH </a> + </p> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2H_4_0004"> <b>THE NIBELUNGENLIED</b> </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2H_4_0005"> ADVENTURE I. </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2H_4_0006"> ADVENTURE II. Of Siegfried. </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2H_4_0007"> ADVENTURE III. How Siegfried Came to Worms. + </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2H_4_0008"> ADVENTURE IV. How He Fought with the Saxons. + </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2H_4_0009"> ADVENTURE V. How Siegfried First Saw + Kriemhild. </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2H_4_0010"> ADVENTURE VI. How Gunther Fared To Isenland + (1) for Brunhild. </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2H_4_0011"> ADVENTURE VII. How Gunther Won Brunhild. </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2H_4_0012"> ADVENTURE VIII. How Siegfried Fared To His + Men-At-Arms, the Nibelungs. </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2H_4_0013"> ADVENTURE IX. How Siegfried Was Sent To Worms. + </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2H_4_0014"> ADVENTURE X. How Brunhild Was Received At + Worms. </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2H_4_0015"> ADVENTURE XI. How Siegfried Journeyed Homeward + With His Wife. </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2H_4_0016"> ADVENTURE XII. How Gunther Bade Siegfried To + The Feasting. </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2H_4_0017"> ADVENTURE XIII. How They Journeyed To The + Feasting. </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2H_4_0018"> ADVENTURE XIV. How The Queens Reviled Each + Other. </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2H_4_0019"> ADVENTURE XV. How Siegfried Was Betrayed. </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2H_4_0020"> ADVENTURE XVI. How Siegfried Was Slain. </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2H_4_0021"> ADVENTURE XVII. How Kriemhild Mourned Her + Husband And How He Was Buried. </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2H_4_0022"> ADVENTURE XVIII. How Siegmund Journeyed Home + Again. </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2H_4_0023"> ADVENTURE XIX. How The Nibelung Hoard Was + Brought to Worms. </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2H_4_0024"> ADVENTURE XX. How King Etzel (1) Sent To + Burgundy For Kriemhild. </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2H_4_0025"> ADVENTURE XXI. How Kriemhild Journeyed To The + Huns. </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2H_4_0026"> ADVENTURE XXII. How Etzel Made Kriemhild His + Bride. </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2H_4_0027"> ADVENTURE XXIII. How Kriemhild Thought To + Avenge Her Wrongs. </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2H_4_0028"> ADVENTURE XXIV. How Werbel And Swemmel Brought + The Message. </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2H_4_0029"> ADVENTURE XXV. How The Lords All Journeyed To + The Huns. </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2H_4_0030"> ADVENTURE XXVI. How Gelfrat Was Slain By + Dankwart. </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2H_4_0031"> ADVENTURE XXVII. How They Came To Bechelaren. + </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2H_4_0032"> ADVENTURE XXVIII. How The Burgundians Came To + Etzel's Castle. </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2H_4_0033"> ADVENTURE XXIX. How Hagen Would Not Rise For + Kriemhild. </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2H_4_0034"> ADVENTURE XXX. How They Kept The Watch. </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2H_4_0035"> ADVENTURE XXXI. How They Went To Church. </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2H_4_0036"> ADVENTURE XXXII How Bloedel Was Slain. </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2H_4_0037"> ADVENTURE XXXIII. How The Burgundians Fought + The Huns. </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2H_4_0038"> ADVENTURE XXXIV. How They Cast Out The Dead. + </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2H_4_0039"> ADVENTURE XXXV. How Iring Was Slain. </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2H_4_0040"> ADVENTURE XXXVI. How The Queen Gave Orders To + Burn the Hall. </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2H_4_0041"> ADVENTURE XXXVII. How Margrave Rudeger Was + Slain. </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2H_4_0042"> ADVENTURE XXXVIII. How All Sir Dietrich's + Warriors Were Slain. </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2H_4_0043"> ADVENTURE XXXIX. How Gunther And Hagen And + Kriemhild Were Slain. </a> + </p> + +<hr /> + + <p> + <br /> <br /> <a name="link2H_4_0001"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> + </p> + <h2> + SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY: + </h2> + <h3> + OTHER TRANSLATIONS— + </h3> + <p> + Hatto, A.T. (Trans.): "Nibelungenlied" (Penguin Classics, London, 1962). + Prose translation. + </p> + <p> + Ryder, Frank G. (Trans.): "The Song of the Nibelungs" (Wayne State + University Press, Detroit, 1962). Verse translation. + </p> + <p> + RECOMMENDED READING— + </p> + <p> + Anonymous: "Kudrun", Translated by Marion E. Gibbs & Sidney Johnson + (Garland Pub., New York, 1992). + </p> + <p> + Anonymous: "Volsungasaga", Translated by William Morris and Eirikr + Magnusson (Walter Scott Press, London, 1888; Reissued by the Online + Medieval and Classical Library as E-Text #29, 1997). + </p> + <p> + Saxo Grammaticus: "The First Nine Books of the Danish History", Translated + by Oliver Elton (London, 1894; Reissued by the Online Medieval and + Classical Library as E-Text OMACL #28, 1997). + </p> + <p> + <a name="link2H_PREF"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + PREFACE + </h2> + <p> + This work has been undertaken in the belief that a literal translation of + as famous an epic as the "Nibelungenlied" would be acceptable to the + general reading public whose interest in the story of Siegfried has been + stimulated by Wagner's operas and by the reading of such poems as William + Morris' "Sigurd the Volsung". Prose has been selected as the medium of + translation, since it is hardly possible to give an accurate rendering and + at the same time to meet the demands imposed by rhyme and metre; at least, + none of the verse translations made thus far have succeeded in doing this. + The prose translations, on the other hand, mostly err in being too + continuous and in condensing too much, so that they retell the story + instead of translating it. The present translator has tried to avoid these + two extremes. He has endeavored to translate literally and accurately, and + to reproduce the spirit of the original, as far as a prose translation + will permit. To this end the language has been made as simple and as Saxon + in character as possible. An exception has been made, however, in the case + of such Romance words as were in use in England during the age of the + romances of chivalry, and which would help to land a Romance coloring; + these have been frequently employed. Very few obsolete words have been + used, and these are explained in the notes, but the language has been made + to some extent archaic, especially in dialogue, in order to give the + impression of age. At the request of the publishers the Introduction + Sketch has been shorn of the apparatus of scholarship and made as popular + as a study of the poem and its sources would allow. The advanced student + who may be interested in consulting authorities will find them given in + the introduction to the parallel edition in the Riverside Literature + Series. A short list of English works on the subject had, however, been + added. + </p> + <p> + In conclusion the translator would like to thank his colleagues, C.G. + Child and Cornelius Weygandt, for their helpful suggestions in starting + the work, and also to acknowledge his indebtedness to the German edition + of Paul Piper, especially in preparing the notes. + </p> + <p> + —DANIEL BUSSIER SHUMWAY. + </p> + <p> + Philadelphia, February 15, 1909. + </p> + <p> + <a name="link2H_4_0003"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + INTRODUCTORY SKETCH + </h2> + <p> + There is probably no poem of German literature that has excited such + universal interest, or that has been so much studied and discussed, as the + "Nibelungenlied". In its present form it is a product of the age of + chivalry, but it reaches back to the earliest epochs of German antiquity, + and embraces not only the pageantry of courtly chivalry, but also traits + of ancient Germanic folklore and probably of Teutonic mythology. One of + its earliest critics fitly called it a German "Iliad", for, like this + great Greek epic, it goes back to the remotest times and unites the + monumental fragments of half-forgotten myths and historical personages + into a poem that is essentially national in character, and the embodiment + of all that is great in the antiquity of the race. Though lacking to some + extent the dignity of the "Iliad", the "Nibelungenlied" surpasses the + former in the deep tragedy which pervades it, the tragedy of fate, the + inevitable retribution for crime, the never-dying struggle between the + powers of good and evil, between light and darkness. + </p> + <p> + That the poem must have been exceedingly popular during the Middle Ages is + evinced by the great number of Manuscripts that have come down to us. We + possess in all twenty-eight more or less complete MSS., preserved in + thirty-one fragments, fifteen of which date from the thirteenth and + fourteenth centuries. Of all these MSS., but nine are so well preserved + that, in spite of some minor breaks, they can be considered complete. Of + this number three, designated respectively as A, B, C, are looked upon as + the most important for purposes of textual criticism, and around them a + fierce battle has been waged, which is not even yet settled. (1) It is now + generally conceded that the longest MS., C, is a later redaction with many + additional strophes, but opinions are divided as to whether the priority + should be given to A or B, the probabilities being that B is the more + original, A merely a careless copy of B. + </p> + <p> + In spite of the great popularity of the "Nibelungenlied", the poem was + soon forgotten by the mass of the people. With the decay of courtly + chivalry and the rise of the prosperous citizen class, whose ideals and + tastes lay in a different direction, this epic shared the fate of many + others of its kind, and was relegated to the dusty shelves of monastery or + ducal libraries, there to wait till a more cultured age, curious as to the + literature of its ancestors, should bring it forth from its hiding places. + However, the figures of the old legend were not forgotten, but lived on + among the people, and were finally embodied in a popular ballad, "Das Lied + vom Hürnen Seyfrid", which has been preserved in a print of the sixteenth + century, although the poem itself is thought to go back at least to the + thirteenth. The legend was also dramatized by Hans Sachs, the shoemaker + poet of Nuremberg, and related in prose form in a chap book which still + exists in prints of the eighteenth century. The story and the characters + gradually became so vague and distorted, that only a trained eye could + detect in the burlesque figures of the popular account the heroes of the + ancient Germanic Legend. + </p> + <p> + The honor of rediscovering the "Nibelungenlied" and of restoring it to the + world of literature belongs to a young physician by the name of J.H. + Obereit, who found the manuscript C at the castle of Hohenems in the Tirol + on June 29, 1755; but the scientific study of the poem begins with Karl + Lachmann, one of the keenest philological critics that Germany has ever + produced. In 1816 he read before the University of Berlin his epoch-making + essay upon the original form of the "Nibelungenlied". Believing that the + poem was made up of a number of distinct ballads or lays, he sought by + means of certain criteria to eliminate all parts which were, as he + thought, later interpolations or emendations. As a result of this sifting + and discarding process, he reduced the poem to what he considered to have + been its original form, namely, twenty separate lays, which he thought had + come down to us in practically the same form in which they had been sung + by various minstrels. + </p> + <p> + This view is no longer held in its original form. Though we have every + reason to believe that ballads of Siegfried the dragon killer, of + Siegfried and Kriemhild, and of the destruction of the Nibelungs existed + in Germany, yet these ballads are no longer to be seen in our poem. They + formed merely the basis or source for some poet who thought to revive the + old heroic legends of the German past which were familiar to his hearers + and to adapt them to the tastes of his time. In all probability we must + assume two, three, or even more steps in the genesis of the poem. There + appear to have been two different sources, one a Low German account, quite + simple and brief, the other a tradition of the Lower Rhine. The legend was + perhaps developed by minstrels along the Rhine, until it was taken and + worked up into its present form by some Austrian poet. Who this poet was + we do not know, but we do know that he was perfectly familiar with all the + details of courtly etiquette. He seems also to have been acquainted with + the courtly epics of Heinrich von Veldeke and Hartman von Ouwe, but his + poem is free from the tedious and often exaggerated descriptions of pomp, + dress, and court ceremonies, that mar the beauty of even the best of the + courtly epics. Many painstaking attempts have been made to discover the + identity of the writer of our poem, but even the most plausible of all + these theories which considers Kurenberg, one of the earliest of the + "Minnesingers", to be the author, because of the similarity of the + strophic form of our poem to that used by him, is not capable of absolute + proof, and recent investigations go to show that Kurenberg was indebted to + the "Nibelungen" strophe for the form of his lyric, and not the + "Nibelungenlied" to him. The "Nibelungen" strophe is presumably much + older, and, having become popular in Austria through the poem, was adopted + by Kurenberg for his purposes. As to the date of the poem, in its present + form it cannot go back further than about 1190, because of the exactness + of the rhymes, nor could it have been written later than 1204, because of + certain allusions to it in the sixth book of "Parzival", which we know to + have been written at this date. The two Low German poems which probably + form the basis of our epic may have been united about 1150. It was revised + and translated into High German and circulated at South German courts + about 1170, and then received its present courtly form about 1190, this + last version being the immediate source of our manuscripts. + </p> + <p> + The story of Siegfried, his tragic death, and the dire vengeance visited + upon his slayers, which lies at the basis of our poem, antedates the + latter by many centuries, and was known to all nations whose languages + prove by their resemblance to the German tongue their original identity + with the German people. Not only along the banks of the Rhine and the + Danube and upon the upland plains of Southern Germany, but also along the + rocky fjords of Norway, among the Angles and Saxons in their new home + across the channel, even in the distant Shetland Islands and on the + snow-covered wastes of Iceland, this story was told around the fires at + night and sung to the harp in the banqueting halls of kings and nobles, + each people and each generation telling it in its own fashion and adding + new elements of its own invention. This great geographical distribution of + the legend, and the variety of forms in which it appears, make it + difficult to know where we must seek its origin. The northern version is + in many respects older and simpler in form than the German, but still it + is probable that Norway was not the home of the saga, but that it took its + rise in Germany along the banks of the Rhine among the ancient tribe of + the Franks, as is shown by the many geographical names that are + reminiscent of the characters of the story, such as a Siegfried "spring" + in the Odenwald, a Hagen "well" at Lorsch, a Brunhild "bed" near + Frankfort, and the well-known "Drachenfels", or Dragon's Rock, on the + Rhine. It is to Norway, however, that we must go for our knowledge of the + story, for, singularly enough, with the exception of the "Nibelungenlied" + and the popular ballad, German literature has preserved almost no trace of + the legend, and such as exist are too late and too corrupt to be of much + use in determining the original features of the story. + </p> + <p> + Just when the legend emigrated to Skandinavia we do not know, but + certainly at an early date, perhaps during the opening years of the sixth + century. It may have been introduced by German traders, by slaves captured + by the Northmen on their frequent marauding expeditions, or, as Mogk + believes, may have been taken by the Heruli on their return to Norway + after their defeat by the Langobardi. By whatever channel, however, the + story reached the North, it became part and parcel of Skandinavian + folklore, only certain names still pointing to the original home of the + legend. In the ninth century, when Harald Harfagr changed the ancient free + constitution of the land, many Norwegians emigrated to Iceland, taking + with them these acquired legends, which were better preserved in this + remote island because of the peaceful introduction of Christianity, than + on the Continent, where the Church was more antagonistic to the customs + and legends of the heathen period. + </p> + <p> + The Skandinavian version of the Siegfried legend has been handed down to + us in five different forms. The first of these is the poetic or older + "Edda", also called Saemund's "Edda", as it was assigned to the celebrated + Icelandic scholar Saemundr Sigfusson. The "Codex Regius", in which it is + preserved, dates from the middle of the thirteenth century, but is + probably a copy of an older manuscript. The songs it contains were written + at various times, the oldest probably in the first half of the ninth + century, the latest not much before the date of the earliest manuscript. + Most of them, however, belong to the Viking period, when Christianity was + already beginning to influence the Norwegians, that is, between the years + 800 and 1000. They are partly heroic, partly mythological in character, + and are written in alliterative strophes interspersed with prose, and have + the form of dialogues. Though the legends on which these songs are based + were brought from Norway, most of them were probably composed in Iceland. + Among these songs, now, we find a number which deal with the adventures of + Siegfried and his tragic end. + </p> + <p> + The second source of the Siegfried story is the so-called "Volsungasaga", + a prose paraphrase of the "Edda" songs. The MS. dates from the beginning + of the thirteenth century, but the account was probably written a century + earlier. The adventures of Siegfried and his ancestors are here related in + great detail and his ancestry traced back to Wodan. Although a secondary + source, as it is based on the "Edda", the "Volsungasaga" is nevertheless + of great importance, since it supplies a portion of the "Codex Regius" + which has been lost, and thus furnishes us with the contents of the + missing songs. + </p> + <p> + The third source is the prose "Edda", sometimes called the "Snorra Edda", + after the famous Icelander Snorri Sturluson (1178-1241), to whom it was + ascribed. The author was acquainted with both the poetic "Edda" and the + "Volsungasaga", and follows these accounts closely. The younger "Edda" is + not really a tale, but a book of poetics; it relates, however, the + Siegfried saga briefly. It is considered an original source, since it + evidently made use of songs that have not come down to us, especially in + the account of the origin of the treasure, which is here told more in + detail and with considerable differences. The "Nornagestsaga" or + "Nornageststhattr", the story of "Nornagest", forms the fourth source of + the Siegfried story. It is really a part of the Olaf saga, but contains + the story of Sigurd and Gunnar (the Norse forms of Siegfried and Gunther), + which an old man Nornagest relates to King Olaf Tryggvason, who converted + the Norwegians to Christianity. The story was written about 1250 to + illustrate the transition from heathendom to the Christian faith. It is + based on the "Edda" and the "Volsungasaga", and is therefore of minor + importance as a source. + </p> + <p> + These four sources represent the early introduction of the Siegfried + legend into Skandinavia. A second introduction took place about the middle + of the thirteenth century, at the time of the flourishing of the Hanseatic + League, when the story was introduced together with other popular German + epics. These poems are products of the age of chivalry, and are + characterized by the romantic and courtly features of this movement. The + one which concerns us here, as the fifth source of the Siegfried story, is + the so-called "Thidreksaga", which celebrates the adventures of the famous + legendary hero, Dietrich of Berne, the historical Theodorich of Ravenna. + In as far as it contains the adventures of the Nibelungs, it is also + called the "Niflungasaga". The "Thidreksaga" was written about 1250 by a + Norwegian who, as he himself tells us, heard the story from Germans in the + neighborhood of Bremen and Munster. Since it is thus based on Saxon + traditions, it can be considered an independent source of the legend, and, + in fact, differs from the earlier Norse versions in many important + details. The author was acquainted, however, with the older versions, and + sought to compromise between them, but mostly followed his German + authorities. + </p> + <p> + The story, as given in the older Norse versions, is in most respects more + original than in the "Nibelungenlied". It relates the history of the + treasure of the Nibelungs, tracing it back to a giant by the name of + "Hreithmar", who received it from the god "Loki" as a compensation for the + killing of the former's son "Otur", whom Loki had slain in the form of an + otter. Loki obtained the ransom from a dwarf named "Andwari", who in turn + had stolen it from the river gods of the Rhine. Andwari pronounces a + terrible curse upon the treasure and its possessors, and this curse passes + from Loki to the Giant Hreithmar, who is murdered when asleep by his two + sons "Fafnir" and "Regin". The latter, however, is cheated out of the + coveted prize by Fafnir, who carries it away to the "Gnita" heath, where + he guards it in the form of a dragon. + </p> + <p> + This treasure, with its accompanying curse, next passes into the hands of + a human being named Sigurd (the Norse form of Siegfried, as we have seen), + a descendant of the race of the Volsungs, who trace their history back to + Wodan and are especially favored by him. The full story of Siegfried's + ancestry is far too long to relate here, and does not especially concern + us, as it has little or no influence on the later development of the + story. It is sufficient for our purpose to know that Siegfried was the son + of Siegmund, who was slain in battle before the birth of his son. Sigurd + was carefully reared by his mother "Hjordis" and the wise dwarf Regin, who + taught him the knowledge of runes and of many languages. (2) At the + suggestion of Regin, Sigurd asks for and receives the steed "Grani" from + the king, and is then urged by his tutor to help him obtain the treasure + guarded by the latter's brother Fafnir. Sigurd promises, but first demands + a sword. Two, that are given him by Regin, prove worthless, and he forges + a new one from the pieces of his father's sword, which his mother had + preserved. With this he easily splits the anvil and cuts in two a flake of + wool, floating down the Rhine. He first avenges the death of his father, + and then sets off with Regin to attack the dragon Fafnir. At the advice of + the former Sigurd digs a ditch across the dragon's peth and pierces him + from below with his sword, as the latter comes down to drink. In dying the + dragon warns Sigurd against the treasure and its curse, and against Regin, + who, he says, is planning Sigurd's death, intending to obtain the treasure + for himself. + </p> + <p> + When Regin sees the dragon safely dead, he creeps from his place of + concealment, drinks of the blood, and, cutting out the heart, begs Sigurd + to roast it for him. While doing so, Sigurd burns his fingers, and, + putting them in his mouth, understands at once the language of the birds + and hears them say that Sigurd himself should eat the heart and then he + would be wiser than all other men. They also betray Regin's evil designs, + and counsel the lad to kill his tutor. This Sigurd then does, cutting off + Regin's head, drinking the blood of both brothers, and eating Fafnir's + heart. (3) On the further advice of the birds Sigurd first fetches the + treasure from the cave, and then journeys to the mountain "Hindarfjall", + where he rescues the sleeping Valkyrie, "Sigrdrifa" ("Brynhild", + "Brunhild"), who, stung by the sleep thorn of Wodan, and clad in full + armor, lies asleep within a castle that is surrounded by a wall of flame. + With the help of his steed Grani, Sigurd succeeds in penetrating through + the fire to the castle. The sleeping maiden awakes when he cuts the armor + from her with his sword, for it was as tight as if grown fast to the + flesh. She hails her deliverer with great joy, for she had vowed never to + marry a man who knew fear. At Sigurd's request she teaches him many wise + precepts, and finally pledges her troth to him. He then departs, after + promising to be faithful to her and to remember her teachings. + </p> + <p> + On his journeyings Sigurd soon arrives at the court of "Giuki" (the Norse + form of the German "Gibicho", "Gibich"), a king whose court lay on the + lower Rhine. Giuki has three sons, "Gunnar", "Hogni", and "Gutthorm", and a + daughter "Gudrun", endowed with great beauty. The queen bears the name of + Grimhild, and is versed in magic, but possessed of an evil heart. (4) + Sigurd is received with great honor, for his coming had been announced to + Gudrun in dreams, which had in part been interpreted to her by Brynhild. + The mother, knowing of Sigurd's relations to the latter, gives him a + potion which produces forgetfulness, so that he no longer remembers his + betrothed, and accepts the hand of Gudrun, which the king offers him at + the queen's request. The marriage is celebrated with great pomp, and + Sigurd remains permanently attached to Giuki's court, performing with the + others many deeds of valor. + </p> + <p> + Meanwhile Grimhild urges her son Gunnar to sue for the hand of Brynhild. + Taking with him Sigurd and a few others, Gunnar visits first Brynhild's + father "Budli", and then her brother-in-law "Heimir", from both of whom he + learns that she is free to choose whom she will, but that she will marry + no one who has not ridden through the wall of flame. With this answer they + proceed to Brynhild's castle, where Gunnar is unable to pierce the flames, + even when seated on Sigurd's steed. Finally Sigurd and Gunnar change + forms, and Sigurd, disguised as Gunnar, rides through the wall of fire, + announces himself to Brynhild as Gunnar, the son of Giuki, and reminds her + of her promise to marry the one who penetrated the fire. Brynhild consents + with great reluctance, for she is busy carrying on a war with a + neighboring king. Sigurd then passes three nights at her side, placing, + however, his sword Gram between them, as a bar of separation. At parting + he draws from her finger the ring, with which he had originally pledged + his troth to her, and replaces it with another, taken from Fafnir's hoard. + Soon after this the marriage of Gunnar and Brynhild is celebrated with + great splendor, and all return to Giuki's court, where they live happily + for some time. + </p> + <p> + One day, however, when the ladies go down to the river to take a bath, + Brynhild will not bathe further down stream than Gudrun, that is, in the + water which flows from Gudrun to her, (5) giving as the reason, that her + father was mightier and her husband braver, since he had ridden through + the fire, while Sigurd had been a menial. Stung at this, Gudrun retorts + that not Gunnar but Sigurd had penetrated the flames and had taken from + her the fateful ring "Andvaranaut", which she then shows to her rival in + proof of her assertion. Brynhild turns deathly pale, but answers not a + word. After a second conversation on the subject had increased the hatred + of the queens, Brynhild plans vengeance. Pretending to be ill, she takes + to her bed, and when Gunnar inquires what ails her, she asks him if he + remembers the circumstances of the wooing and that not he but Sigurd had + penetrated the flames. She attempts to take Gunnar's life, as she had + pledged her troth to Sigurd, and is thereupon placed in chains by Hogni. + Seven days she sleeps, and no one dares to wake her. Finally Sigurd + succeeds in making her talk, and she tells him how cruelly she has been + deceived, that the better man had been destined for her, but that she had + received the poorer one. This Sigurd denies, for Giuki's son had killed + the king of the Danes and also Budli's brother, a great warrior. Moreover, + although he, Sigurd, had ridden through the flames, he had not become her + husband. He begs her therefore not to harbor a grudge against Gunnar. + </p> + <p> + Brynhild remains unconvinced, and plans Sigurd's death, and threatens + Gunnar with the loss of dominion and life, if he will not kill Sigurd. + After some hesitation, Gunnar consents, and, calling Hogni, informs him + that he must kill Sigurd, in order to obtain the treasure of the + Rhinegold. Hogni warns him against breaking his oath to Sigurd, when it + occurs to Gunnar, that his brother Gutthorm had sworn no oath and might do + the deed. Both now proceed to excite the latter's greed, and give him + wolf's and snake meat to eat to make him savage. Twice Gutthorm makes the + attempt, as Sigurd lies in bed, but is deterred by the latter's + penetrating glance. The third time he finds Sigurd asleep, and pierces him + with his sword. Sigurd, awakening at the pain, hurls his own sword after + his murderer, fairly cutting him in two. He then dies, protesting his + innocence and designating Brynhild as the instigator of his murder. + Brynhild at first laughs aloud at Gudrun's frantic grief, but later her + joy turns into sorrow, and she determines to share Sigurd's death. In vain + they try to dissuade her; donning her gold corselet, she pierces herself + with a sword and begs to be burned on Sigurd's funeral pyre. In dying she + prophesies the future, telling of Gudrun's marriage to "Atli" and of the + death of the many men which will be caused thereby. + </p> + <p> + After Brynhild's death Gudrun in her sorrow flees to the court of King + "Half" of Denmark, where she remains seven years. Finally Grimhild learns + of the place of her daughter's concealment, and tries to bring about a + reconciliation with Gunnar and Hogni. They offer her much treasure, if she + will marry Atli. At first she refuses and thinks only of revenge, but + finally she consents and the marriage is celebrated in Atli's land. After + a time Atli, who is envious of Gunnar's riches, for the latter had taken + possession of Sigurd's hoard, invites him to his court. A man named + "Vingi", who was sent with the invitation, changes the runes of warning, + which Gudrun had given him, so that they, too, read as an invitation. The + brothers determine to accept the invitation, and, though warned by many + dreams, they set out for Atli's court, which they reach in due time. Vingi + now breaks forth into exultations, that he has lured them into a snare, + and is slain by Hogni with a battle axe. + </p> + <p> + As they ride to the king's hall, Atli and his sons arm themselves for + battle, and demand Sigurd's treasure, which belongs by right to Gudrun. + Gunnar refuses to surrender it, and the fight begins, after some exchange + of taunting words. Gudrun tries at first to reconcile the combatants, but, + failing, arms herself and fights on the side of her brothers. The battle + rages furiously with great loss on both sides, until nearly all of the + Nibelungs are killed, when Gunnar and Hogni are forced to yield to the + power of numbers and are captured and bound. Gunnar is asked, if he will + purchase his life with the treasure. He replies that he first wishes to + see Hogni's bleeding heart. At first the heart of a slave is cut out and + brought to him, but Gunnar recognizes it at once as that of a coward. Then + they cut out Hogni's heart, who laughs at the pain. This Gunnar sees is + the right one, and is jubilant, for now Atli shall never obtain the + treasure, as Gunnar alone knows where it is hid. In a rage Atli orders + Gunnar to be thrown to the snakes. Though his hands are bound, Gunnar + plays so sweetly with his toes on the harp, which Gudrun has sent him, + that all the snakes are lulled to sleep, with the exception of an adder, + which stings him to the heart, so that he dies. + </p> + <p> + Atli now walks triumphantly over the dead bodies, and remarks to Gudrun + that she alone is to blame for what has happened. She refuses his offers + of peace and reconciliation, and towards evening kills her two sons "Erp" + and "Eitil", and serves them at the banquet, which the king gives for his + retainers. When Atli asks for his sons, he is told that he had drunk their + blood mixed with wine and had eaten their hearts. That night when Atli is + asleep, Gudrun takes Hogni's son "Hniflung", who desires to avenge his + father, and together they enter Atli's room and thrust a sword through his + breast. Atli awakes from the pain, only to be told by Gudrun that she is + his murderess. When he reproaches her with thus killing her husband, she + answers that she cared only for Sigurd. Atli now asks for a fitting + burial, and on receiving the promise of this, expires. Gudrun carries out + her promise, and burns the castle with Atli and all his dead retainers. + Other Edda songs relate the further adventures of Gudrun, but they do not + concern us here, as the "Nibelungenlied" stops with the death of the + Nibelungs. + </p> + <p> + This in brief is the story of Siegfried, as it has been handed down to us + in the Skandinavian sources. It is universally acknowledged that this + version, though more original than the German tradition, does not + represent the simplest and most original form of the tale; but what the + original form was, has long been and still is a matter of dispute. Two + distinctly opposite views are held, the one seeing in the story the + personification of the forces of nature, the other, scouting the + possibility of a mythological interpretation, seeks a purely human origin + for the tale, namely, a quarrel among relatives for the possession of + treasure. The former view is the older, and obtained almost exclusively at + one time. The latter has been gaining ground of recent years, and is held + by many of the younger students of the legend. According to the + mythological view, the maiden slumbering upon the lonely heights is the + sun, the wall of flames surrounding her the morning red ("Morgenrote"). + Siegfried is the youthful day who is destined to rouse the sun from her + slumber. At the appointed time he ascends, and before his splendor the + morning red disappears. He awakens the maiden; radiantly the sun rises + from its couch and joyously greets the world of nature. But light and + shade are indissolubly connected; day changes of itself into night. When + at evening the sun sinks to rest and surrounds herself once more with a + wall of flames, the day again approaches, but no longer in the youthful + form of the morning to arouse her from her slumber, but in the sombre + shape of Gunther, to rest at her side. Day has turned into night; this is + the meaning of the change of forms. The wall of flame vanishes, day and + sun descend into the realm of darkness. Under this aspect the Siegfried + story is a day myth; but under another it is a myth of the year. The + dragon is the symbol of winter, the dwarfs of darkness. Siegfried denotes + the bright summer, his sword the sunbeams. The youthful year grows up in + the dark days of winder. When its time has come, it goes forth + triumphantly and destroys the darkness and the cold of winter. Through the + symbolization the abstractions gain form and become persons; the saga is + thus not a mere allegory, but a personification of nature's forces. The + treasure may have entered the saga through the widespread idea of the + dragon as the guardian of treasure, or it may represent the beauty of + nature which unfolds when the season has conquered. In the last act of the + saga, Siegfried's death, Wilmanns, the best exponent of this view, sees + again a symbolic representation of a process of nature. According to him + it signifies the death of the god of the year in winter. In the spring he + kills the dragon, in the winter he goes weary to his rest and is foully + slain by the hostile powers of darkness. Later, when this act was + connected with the story of Gunther's wooing Brunhild, the real meaning + was forgotten, and Siegfried's death was attributed to the grief and + jealousy of the insulted queen. + </p> + <p> + Opposed now to the mythological interpretation is the other view already + spoken of, which denies the possibility of mythological features, and does + not seek to trace the legend beyond the heroic stage. The best exponent of + this view is R. C. Boer, who has made a remarkable attempt to resolve the + story into its simplest constituents. According to him the nucleus of the + legend is an old story of the murder of relatives ("Verwandienmord"), the + original form being perhaps as follows. Attila (i.e., the enemy of Hagen + under any name) is married to Hagen's sister Grimhild or Gudrun. He + invites his brother-in-law to his house, attacks him in the hope of + obtaining his treasure, and kills him. According to this view Hagen was + originally the king, but later sinks to a subordinate position through the + subsequent connection of the story with the Burgundians. It is of course + useless to hunt for the date of such an episode in history. Such a murder + could have frequently occurred, and can be localized anywhere. Very early + we find this Hagen story united with the Siegfried legend. If the latter + is mythological, then we have a heterogeneous combination, a mythical + legend grafted on a purely human one. This Boer thinks unlikely, and + presents a number of arguments to disprove the mythical character of the + Siegfried story, into which we cannot enter here. He comes, however, to + the conclusion, that the Siegfried tale is likewise purely human, and + consisted originally of the murder of relatives, that is, a repetition of + the Hagen title. Siegfried is married to Hagen's sister, and is killed by + his brother-in-law because of his treasure. The kernel of the legend is, + therefore, the enmity between relatives, which exists in two forms, the + one in which the son-in-law kills his father-in-law, as in the "Helgi" + saga, the other in which Hagen kills his son-in-law and is killed by him, + too, as in the "Hilde" saga. The German tradition tries to combine the two + by introducing the new feature, that Kriemhild causes the death of her + relatives, in order to avenge her first husband. Boer is of the opinion + that both the Norse and the German versions have forgotten the original + connection between the two stories, and that this connection was nothing + more nor less than the common motive of the treasure. The same treasure, + which causes Hagen to murder Siegfried, causes his own death in turn + through the greed of Attila. There was originally, according to Boer, no + question of revenge, except the revenge of fate, the retribution which + overtakes the criminal. This feeling for the irony of fate was lost when + the motive, that Hagen kills Siegfried because of his treasure, was + replaced by the one that he does it at the request of Brunhild. This leads + Boer to the conclusion, that Brunhild did not originally belong to the + Siegfried story, but to the well-known fairy tale of Sleeping Beauty + ("Erlosungsmurchen"), which occurs in a variety of forms. The type is that + of a hero who rescues a maiden from a magic charm, which may take the form + of a deep sleep, as in the case of Sleeping Beauty, or of being sewed into + a garment, as in No. 111 of Grimm's fairy tales. By the union of the two + stories, i.e., the Hagen-Siegfried saga with the Sleeping Beauty tale, + Siegfried stands in relation to two women; on the one hand his relation to + Sigrdrifa-Brynhild, the maiden whom he rescues on the rock, on the other + his marriage with Grimhild-Gudrun and his consequent death. This twofold + relation had to be disposed of, and since his connection with Grimhild was + decisive for his fate, his relation to Brunhild had to be changed. It + could not be entirely ignored, for it was too well known, therefore it was + given a different interpretation. Siegfried still rescues a maiden from + the rock, not for himself, however, but for another. The exchange of forms + on the part of Siegfried and Gunther is a reminiscence of the older form. + It gives the impression, that Siegfried, and yet not Siegfried, won the + bride. This alteration probably took place when the Burgundians were + introduced into the legend. With this introduction an unlocalized saga of + unknown heroes of ancient times became one of events of world-wide + importance; the fall of a mighty race was depicted as the result of + Siegfried's death. To render this plausible, it was necessary on the one + hand to idealize the hero, so that his death should appear as a deed of + horror demanding fearful vengeance, and on the other, to make the king of + the Burgundians an active participator in Siegfried's death, for otherwise + it would not seem natural, that the whole race should be exterminated for + a crime committed by the king's brother or vassal. As the role of + Brunhild's husband had become vacant, and as Gunther had no special role, + it was natural that it should be given to him. Boer traces very + ingeniously the gradual development of this exchange of roles through the + various sources. + </p> + <p> + Another method of explaining away Siegfried's relation to two women is to + identify them, and this has been done by the Seyfrid ballad. Here the hero + rescues Kriemhild from the power of the dragon, marries her, and then is + later killed by her brothers through envy and hatred. As Brunhild and + Kriemhild are here united in one person, there is no need of a wooing for + the king, nor of vengeance on the part of Brunhild, accordingly the old + motive of greed (here envy) reappears. + </p> + <p> + As to the fight with the dragon, Boer believes that it did not originally + belong to the saga, for in none of the sources except the popular ballad + is the fight with the dragon connected with the release of Brunhild. If + the Siegfried-Hagen story is purely human, then the dragon cannot have + originally belonged to it, but was later introduced, because of the + widespread belief in the dragon as the guardian of treasure, and in order + to answer the question as to the provenience of the hoard. This is, + however, only one answer to the question. Another, widespread in German + legends, is that the treasure comes from the Nibelungs, that is, from the + dwarfs. Many identify the dwarfs and the dragon, but this finds no support + in the sources, for here the dwarfs and Fafnir are never confused. The + "Nibelungenlied" describes an adventure with each, but the treasure is + only connected with the dwarfs. The "Thidreksaga" knows only the dragon + fight but not the dwarfs, as is likewise the case with the Seyfrid ballad. + Only in the Norse sources do we find a contamination. The story of + Hreithmar and his sons, who quarrel about the treasure, resembles that of + Schilbung and Nibelung in the "Nibelungenlied", and probably has the same + source. One of the sons, because of his guarding the treasure, is + identified with the dragon, and so we read that Fafnir becomes a dragon, + after gaining the treasure. Originally, however, he was not a dragon, but + a dwarf. These two independent forms can be geographically localized. The + dwarf legend is the more southern; it is told in detail in the + "Nibelungenlied". The dragon legend probably originated in the Cimbrian + peninsula, where the "Beowulf" saga, in which the dragon fight plays such + an important part, likewise arose. + </p> + <p> + There thus stand sharply opposed to each other two theories, one seeing in + the Siegfried saga a personification of natural forces, the other tracing + it back to a purely human story of murder through greed. It may be, that + the true form of the original saga lies half way between these two views. + The story of the fall of the Nibelungs, that is, their killing at Etzel's + court, may go back to the tale of the murder of relatives for money. On + the other hand it is hard to believe that the Siegfried saga is nothing + but a repetition of the Attila motive, for this is too brief a formula to + which to reduce the long legend of Siegfried, with its many deeds. Even if + we discard the mythological interpretation, it is the tale of a daring + hero, who is brought up in the woods by a cunning dwarf. He kills a dragon + and takes possession of his hoard, then rescues a maiden, imprisoned upon + a mountain, as in the older Norse version and the popular ballad, or in a + tower, as in the "Thidreksaga", and surrounded either by a wall of fire, + as in the Norse, or by a large body of water, as in the "Nibelungenlied". + After betrothing himself to the maiden, he sets forth in search of further + adventures, and falls into the power of an evil race, who by their magic + arts lure him to them, cause his destruction, and then obtain his treasure + and the maiden for themselves. By her very name Sigrdrifa belongs to + Siegfried, just as Gunther and Gudrun-Grimhild belong together, and it + seems hardly possible that she should have entered the story later, as + Boer would have us believe. After all, it is largely a matter of belief, + for it is impossible to prove positively that mythical elements did or did + not exist in the original. + </p> + <p> + To the combined Siegfried-Nibelung story various historical elements were + added during the fifth century. At the beginning of this period the Franks + were located on the left bank of the Rhine from Coblenz downward. Further + up the river, that is, to the south, the Burgundians had established a + kingdom in what is now the Rhenish Palatinate, their capital being Worms + and their king "Gundahar", or "Gundicarius", as the Romans called him. For + twenty years the Burgundians lived on good terms with the surrounding + nations. Then, growing bolder, they suddenly rose against the Romans in + the year 436, but the rebellion was quietly suppressed by the Roman + general Aetius. Though defeated, the Burgundians were not subdued, and the + very next year they broke their oaths and again sought to throw off the + Roman yoke. This time the Romans called to their aid the hordes of Huns, + who had been growing rapidly in power and were already pressing hard upon + the German nations from the east. Only too glad for an excuse, the Huns + poured into the land in great numbers and practically swept the Burgundian + people from the face of the earth. According to the Roman historians, + twenty thousand Burgundians were slain in this great battle of the + Catalaunian Fields. Naturally this catastrophe, in which a whole German + nation fell before the hordes of invading barbarians, produced a profound + impression upon the Teutonic world. The King Gundahar, the Gunther of the + "Nibelungenlied", who also fell in the battle, became the central figure + of a new legend, namely, the story of the fall of the Burgundians. + </p> + <p> + Attila is not thought to have taken part in the invasion, still, after his + death in 454, his name gradually came to be associated with the slaughter + of the Burgundians, for a legend operates mainly with types, and as Attila + was a Hun and throughout the Middle Ages was looked upon as the type of a + cruel tyrant, greedy for conquest, it was but natural for him to play the + rôle assigned to him in the legend. Quite plausible is Boer's explanation + of the entrance of Attila into the legend. The "Thidreksaga" locates him + in Seest in Westphalia. Now this province once bore the name of + "Hunaland", and by a natural confusion, because of the similarity of the + names, "Huna" and "Huns", Attila, who is the chief representative of + Hunnish power, was connected with the legend and located at Seest. This + would show that the original extension of the legend was slight, as + Xanten, the home of Hagen, is but seventy miles from Seest. The original + form would then be that Hagen was slain by a king of "Hunaland", then + because history relates that the Burgundians were slain by the Huns, the + similarity of the names led to the introduction of Attila and the + identification of the Nibelungs with the Burgundians. The fact, too, that + the Franks rapidly took possession of the district depopulated by the + crushing defeat of the Burgundians likewise aided the confusion, and thus + the Franks became the natural heirs of the legend concerning the death of + Gunther, and so we read of the fall of the Nibelungs, a name that is + wholly Frankish in character. This identification led also to Attila's + being considered the avenger of Siegfried's death. Poetic justice, + however, demands that the slaughter of the Burgundians at the hands of + Attila be also avenged. The rumor, that Attila's death was not natural, + but that he had been murdered by his wife Ildico ("Hildiko"), gave the + necessary features to round out the story. As Kriemhild was the sister of + the Burgundian kings, it was but natural to explain her killing of Attila, + as described in the Norse versions, by her desire to avenge her brothers. + </p> + <p> + In our "Nibelungenlied", however, it is no longer Attila, but Kriemhild, + who is the central figure of the tragedy. Etzel, as he is called here, has + sunk to the insignificant role of a stage king, a perfectly passive + observer of the fight raging around him. This change was brought about + perhaps by the introduction of Dietrich of Berne, the most imposing figure + of all Germanic heroic lore. The necessity of providing him with a role + corresponding to his importance, coupled with a growing repugnance on the + part of the proud Franks to acknowledge defeat at the hands of the Huns, + caused the person of Attila to dwindle in importance. Gradually, too, the + role played by Kriemhild was totally changed. Instead of being the avenger + of her brothers, as depicted in the Norse versions, she herself becomes + the cause of their destruction. Etzel is not only innocent of any desire + to harm the Nibelungs, but is even ignorant of the revenge planned by his + wife. This change in her role was probably due to the feeling that it was + incumbent upon her to avenge the murder of Siegfried. + </p> + <p> + Our "Nibelungenlied" knows but little of the adventures of Siegfried's + youth as depicted in the Norse versions. The theme of the poem is no + longer the love of Sigurd, the homeless wanderer, for the majestic + Valkyrie Brunhild, but the love idyll of Siegfried, the son of the king of + the Netherlands, and the dainty Burgundian princess Kriemhild. The poem + has forgotten Siegfried's connection with Brunhild; it knows nothing of + his penetrating the wall of flames to awake and rescue her, nothing of the + betrothal of the two. In our poem Siegfried is carefully reared at his + father's court in the Netherlands, and sets out with great pomp for the + court of the Burgundians. In the Norse version he naturally remains at + Gunther's court after his marriage, but in our poem he returns to the + Netherlands with his bride. This necessitates the introduction of several + new scenes to depict his arrival home, the invitation to the feast at + Worms, and the reception of the guests on the part of the Burgundians. + </p> + <p> + In the "Nibelungenlied" the athletic sports, as an obstacle to the winning + of Brunhild, take the place of the wall of flames of the older Norse + versions. Siegfried and Gunther no longer change forms, but Siegfried dons + the "Tarnkappe", which renders him invisible, so that while Gunther makes + the motions, Siegfried really does the work, a thing which is rather + difficult to imagine. The quarrel of the two queens is likewise very + differently depicted in the "Nibelungenlied" from what it is in the Norse + version. In the latter it takes place while the ladies are bathing in the + river, and is brought on by the arrogance of Brunhild, who refuses to + stand lower down the stream and bathe in the water flowing from Gudrun to + her. In the "Thidreksaga" it occurs in the seclusion of the ladies' + apartments, but in our poem it culminates in front of the cathedral before + the assembled court, and requires as its background all the pomp and + splendor of medieval chivalry. With a master hand and a wonderful + knowledge of female character, the author depicts the gradual progress of + the quarrel until it terminates in a magnificent scene of wounded pride + and malignant hatred. Kriemhild, as usual, plays the more important part, + and, while standing up for her rights, tries in every way to conciliate + Brunhild and not to hurt her feelings. At last, however, stung by the + taunts of the latter, she in turn loses her patience, bursts out with the + whole story of the twofold deception to which Brunhild has been subjected, + and then triumphantly sweeps into the church, leaving her rival stunned + and humiliated by the news she has heard. In the Norse tradition the scene + serves merely to enlighten Brunhild as to the deception played upon her. + In the "Nibelungenlied" it becomes the real cause of Siegfried's death, + for Brunhild plans to kill Siegfried to avenge the public slight done to + her. She has no other reason, as Siegfried swears that there had been no + deception. Brunhild appeals to us much less in the "Nibelungenlied" than + in the Norse version. In the latter she feels herself deeply wronged by + Siegfried's faithlessness, and resolves on his death because she will not + be the wife of two men. In our poem she has no reason for wishing his + death except her wounded pride. In the "Nibelungenlied", too, she + disappears from view after Siegfried's death, whereas in the Norse + tradition she ascends his funeral pyre and dies at his side. + </p> + <p> + The circumstances of Siegfried's death are likewise totally different in + the two versions. In the Norse, as we have seen, he is murdered while + asleep in bed, by Gunnar's younger brother Gutthorm. In our poem he is + killed by Hagen, while bending over a spring to drink. This is preceded by + a scene in which Hagen treacherously induces Kriemhild to mark the one + vulnerable spot on Siegfried's body, on the plea of protecting him. This + deepens the tragedy, and renders Kriemhild's misery and self-reproaches + the greater. After Siegfried's burial his father, who had also come to + Worms with his son, vainly endeavors to persuade Kriemhild to return with + him to the Netherlands. Her refusal is unnatural in the extreme, for she + had reigned there ten years or more with Siegfried, and had left her + little son behind, and yet she relinquishes all this and remains with her + brothers, whom she knows to be the murderers of her husband. This is + evidently a reminiscence of an earlier form in which Siegfried was a + homeless adventurer, as in the "Thidreksaga". + </p> + <p> + The second half of the tale, the destruction of the Nibelungs, is treated + of very briefly in the early Norse versions, but the "Nibelungenlied", + which knows so little of Siegfried's youth, has developed and enlarged + upon the story, until it overshadows the first part in length and + importance and gives the name to the whole poem. The main difference + between the two versions is that in the older Norse tradition it is Attila + who invites the Nibelungs to his court and attacks them in order to gain + possession of the treasure, while Gudrun (Kriemhild) first tries to + reconcile the warring parties, and, not succeeding in this, snatches up a + sword and fights on the side of her brothers and later kills her husband + as an act of revenge. In the "Thidreksaga" and the "Nibelungenlied", + however, she is the instigator of the fight and the cause of her brothers' + death, and finally suffers death herself at the hands of Master + Hildebrand, who is furious that such noble heroes should fall at a woman's + hand. The second part of the poem is grewsome reading at best, with its + weltering corpses and torrents of blood. The horror is relieved only by + the grim humor of Hagen and by the charming scene at Rudeger's court, + where the young prince Giselher is betrothed to Rudeger's daughter. + Rudeger is without doubt the most tragic figure of this part. He is bound + on the one hand by his oath of allegiance to Kriemhild and on the other by + ties of friendship to the Burgundians. His agony of mind at the dilemma in + which Kriemhild's command to attack the Burgundians places him is pitiful. + Divided between love and duty, the conviction that he must fulfill his + vow, cost what it may, gradually forces itself upon him and he rushes to + his death in combat with his dearest friends. + </p> + <p> + Towering above all others in its gloomy grandeur stands the figure of + Hagen, the real hero of the second half of the poem. Fully aware that he + is going to his death, he nevertheless scorns to desert his + companions-in-arms, and awaits the fate in store for him with a stoicism + that would do honor to a Spartan. He calmly accepts the consequences of + his crime, and to the last mocks and scoffs at Kriemhild, until her fury + knows no bounds. No character shows so little the refining influences of + Christianity as does his. In all essential respects he is still the same + old gigantic Teuton, who meets us in the earliest forms of the legend. + </p> + <p> + As to the various minor characters, many of which appear only in the + "Nibelungenlied", space will not permit of their discussion here, although + they will be treated of briefly in the notes. Suffice it to say, that the + "Nibelungenlied" has introduced a number of effective scenes for the + purpose of bringing some of them, especially Folker and Dankwart, into + prominence. Among the best of these are, first, the night watch, when + Folker first plays the Burgundians to sleep with his violin, and then + stands guard with Hagen, thus preventing the surprise planned by + Kriemhild; further, the visit to the church on the following morning, when + the men of both parties clash; and lastly the tournament between the Huns + and the Burgundians, which gives the author an excellent chance to show + the prowess of the various heroes. + </p> + <p> + Let us pass now to the consideration of the strophic form of the + "Nibelungenlied". The two Danish ballads of "Grimhild's Revenge" + ("Grimhild's Haevn"), which are based upon the first combination of the + Low German, i.e., Saxon, and the Rhenish traditions, prove that the + strophe is considerably older than the preserved redactions of our poem, + and that it was probably of Saxon origin. The metrical form goes back most + probably to the four-accented verse of the poet Otfrid of the ninth + century, although some have thought that Latin hymns, others that the + French epic verse, may have been of influence. The direct derivation from + Otfrid seems, however, the most plausible, as it accounts for the + importance of the caesura, which generally marks a pause in the sense, as + well as in the verse, and also for its masculine ending. The "Nibelungen" + strophe consists of four long lines separated by a caesura into two + distinct halves. The first half of each line contains four accents, the + fourth falling upon the last syllable. This last stress, however, is not, + as a rule as strong as the others, the effect being somewhat like that of + a feminine ending. On this account some speak of three accents in the + first half line, with a feminine ending. The fourth stress is, however, + too strong to be thus disregarded, but because of its lighter character is + best marked with a grave accent. The second half of each line ends in a + masculine rhyme. The first three lines have each three stresses in the + second half, while the second half of the fourth line has four accents to + mark the end of the strophe. This longer fourth line is one of the most + marked characteristics of the "Nibelungen" strophe. The rhymes are + arranged in the order of "a", "a", "b", "b", though in a few isolated + cases near the end of the poem but one rhyme is used throughout the + strophe. + </p> + <p> + The opening lines of the poem may serve to illustrate the strophic form + and scansion, and at the same time will give the reader an idea of the + Middle High German language in which the poem is written: + </p> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + Uns ist in alten maeren wunders vil geseit + von heleden lobebaeron, von grozer arebeit, + von froude und hochgeziten, von weinen und von klagen, + von kuener recken striten muget ir nu wunder hoeren sagen. + + Ez wuochs in Burgonden ein edel magedin, + daz in allen landen niht schoeners mohte sin, + Kriemhild geheizen; si wart ein scoene wip, + darambe muosen degene vil verliesen den lip. + + Der minneclichen meide triuten wol gezam, + ir muotten kuene recken, niemen was ir gram, + ane ma zen schoene so was ir edel lip; + der iunevrouwen tugende zierten anderiu wip. + + Ir pflagen drie künege edel unde rich, + Gunther unde Gernot, die recken lobelich, + und Giselher der iunge, ein uz erwelter degen, + diu frouwe was ir swester, die fu'rsten hetens in ir + pflegen. + + Die herren waren milte, von arde hohe erborn, + mit kraft unmazen kuene, die recken uz erkorn, + dazen Burgonden so was ir lant genant, + si framden starkiu wunder sit in Etzelen lant. + + Ze Wormze bidem Rine si wenden mit ir kraft, + in diende von ir landen stolziu ritterscaft + mit lobelichen eren unz an ir endes zit, + sit sturben si inemerliche von zweier edelen frouwen nit. +</pre> + <p> + Some of the final rhymes with proper names, such as "Hagene": "degene" + (str. 84) or "Hagene": "tragene" (str. 300) appear to be feminine, but it + is really the final "e" that rhymes, and a scansion of the line in + question shows that the three accents are not complete without this final + "e". In this respect our poem differs from most of the Middle High German + poems, as this practice of using the final "e" in rhyme began to die out + in the twelfth century, though occasionally found throughout the period. + The rhymes are, as a rule, quite exact, the few cases of impure rhymes + being mainly those in which short and long vowels are rhymed together, + e.g. "mich": "rich" or "man": "han". Caesural rhymes are frequently met + with, and were considered by Lachmann to be the marks of interpolated + strophes, a view no longer held. A further peculiarity of the "Nibelungen" + strophe is the frequent omission of the unaccented syllable in the second + half of the last line of the strophe between the second and third + stresses. Examples of this will be found in the second, third, and fifth + strophes of the passage given above. + </p> + <p> + The language of the "Nibelungenlied" is the so-called Middle High German, + that is, the High German written and spoken in the period between 1100 and + 1500, the language of the great romances of chivalry and of the + "Minnesingers". More exactly, the poem is written in the Austrian dialect + of the close of the twelfth century, but contains many archaisms, which + point to the fact of its having undergone a number of revisions. + </p> + <p> + In closing this brief study of the "Nibelungenlied", just a word or two + further with reference to the poem, its character, and its place in German + literature. Its theme is the ancient Teutonic ideal of "Treue" + (faithfulness or fidelity), which has found here its most magnificent + portrayal; faithfulness unto death, the loyalty of the vassal for his + lord, as depicted in Hagen, the fidelity of the wife for her husband, as + shown by Kriemhild, carried out with unhesitating consistency to the + bitter end. This is not the gallantry of medieval chivalry, which colors + so largely the opening scenes of the poem, but the heroic valor, the + death-despising stoicism of the ancient Germans, before which the masters + of the world, the all-conquering Romans, were compelled to bow. + </p> + <p> + In so far as the "Nibelungenlied" has forgotten most of the history of the + youthful Siegfried, and knows nothing of his love for Brunhild, it is a + torso, but so grand withal, that one hardly regrets the loss of these + integral elements of the old saga. As it is a working over of originally + separate lays, it is not entirely homogeneous, and contains not a few + contradictions. In spite of these faults, however, which a close study + reveals, it is nevertheless the grandest product of Middle High German + epic poetry, and deservedly the most popular poem of older German + literature. It lacks, to be sure, the grace of diction found in Gottfried + von Strassburg's "Tristan und Isolde", the detailed and often magnificent + descriptions of armor and dress to be met with in the epics of Hartman von + Ouwe; it is wanting in the lofty philosophy of Wolfram von Eschenbach's + "Parzival", and does not, as this latter, lead the reader into the realms + of religious doubts and struggles. It is imposing through its very + simplicity, through the grandeur of the story, which it does not seek to + adorn and decorate. It nowhere pauses to analyze motives nor to give us a + picture of inner conflict as modern authors are fond of doing. Its + characters are impulsive and prompt in action, and when they have once + acted, waste no time in useless regret or remorse. + </p> + <p> + It resembles the older "Spielmannsdichtung", or minstrel poetry, in the + terseness and vigor of its language and in the lack of poetic imagery, but + it is free from the coarseness and vulgar and grotesque humor of the + latter. It approaches the courtly epic in its introduction of the pomp of + courtly ceremonial, but this veneer of chivalry is very thin, and beneath + the outward polish of form the heart beats as passionately and wildly as + in the days of Herman, the Cheruscan chief. There are perhaps greater + poems in literature than the "Nibelungenlied", but few so majestic in + conception, so sublime in their tragedy, so simple in their execution, and + so national in their character, as this great popular epic of German + literature. + </p> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + ENDNOTES: + (1) A is a parchment MS. of the second half of the thirteenth + century, now found in Munich. It forms the basis of + Lachmann's edition. It is a parchment MS. of the middle of + the thirteenth century, belonging to the monastery of St. + Gall. It has been edited by Bartsch, "Deutsche Klassiker + des Mittelalters", vol. 3, and by Piper, "Deutsche National- + Literatur", vol. 6. C is a parchment MS., of the thirteenth + century, now in the ducal library of Donauesehingen. It is + the best written of all the MSS., and has been edited by + Zarncke. + (2) The "Thidreksaga" differs from the other Norse versions in + having "Sigfrod", as he is called here, brought up in + ignorance of his parents, a trait which was probably + borrowed from the widespread "Genoveva" story, although + thought by some to have been an original feature of our + legend. + (3) The "Thidreksaga", which has forgotten the enmity of the + brothers, and calls Sigurd's tutor "Mimr", tells the episode + in somewhat different fashion. The brothers plan to kill + Sigurd, and the latter is attacked by the dragon, while + burning charcoal in the forest. After killing the monster + with a firebrand, Sigurd bathes himself in the blood and + thus become covered with a horny skin, which renders him + invulnerable, save in one place between the shoulder blades, + which he could not reach. This bathing in the blood is also + related in the Seyfrid ballad and in the "Nibelungenlied", + with the difference, that the vulnerable spot is caused by a + linden leaf falling upon him. + (4) The fact that all but one of these names alliterate, shows + that the Norse version is here more original. Gunnar is the + same as Gunther (Gundaharius), Hogni as Hagen; Gutthorm + (Godomar) appears in the German version as Gernot. In this + latter the father is called Dancrat, the mother Uote, and + the name Grimhild is transferred from the mother to the + daughter. + (5) In the prose "Edda", in the water which drips from Gudrun's + hair. +</pre> + <p> + <a name="link2H_4_0004"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h1> + THE NIBELUNGENLIED (1) + </h1> + <p> + <a name="link2H_4_0005"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + ADVENTURE I (2) + </h2> + <p> + Full many a wonder is told us in stories old, of heroes worthy of praise, + of hardships dire, of joy and feasting, of the fighting of bold warriors, + of weeping and of wailing; now ye may hear wonders told. + </p> + <p> + In Burgundy there grew so noble a maid that in all the lands none fairer + might there be. Kriemhild (3) was she called; a comely woman she became, + for whose sake many a knight must needs lose his life. Well worth the + loving was this winsome maid. Bold knights strove for her, none bare her + hate. Her peerless body was beautiful beyond degree; the courtly virtues + of this maid of noble birth would have adorned many another woman too. + </p> + <p> + Three kings, noble and puissant, did nurture her, Gunther (4) and Gernot, + (5) warriors worthy of praise, and Giselher, (6) the youth, a chosen + knight. This lady was their sister, the princes had her in their care. The + lordings were free in giving, of race high-born, passing bold of strength + were they, these chosen knights. Their realm hight Burgundy. Great marvels + they wrought hereafter in Etzel's (7) land. At Worms (8) upon the Rhine + they dwelt with all their power. Proud knights from out their lands served + them with honor, until their end was come. Thereafter they died + grievously, through the hate of two noble dames. + </p> + <p> + Their mother, a mighty queen, was called the Lady Uta, (9) their father, + Dankrat, (10) who left them the heritage after his life was over; a mighty + man of valor that he was, who won thereto in youth worship full great. + These kings, as I have said, were of high prowess. To them owed allegiance + the best of warriors, of whom tales were ever told, strong and brave, + fearless in the sharp strife. Hagen (11) there was of Troneg, thereto his + brother Dankwart, (12) the doughty; Ortwin of Metz (13); Gere (14) and + Eckewart, (15) the margraves twain; Folker of Alzei, (16) endued with + fullness of strength. Rumolt (17) was master of the kitchen, a chosen + knight; the lords Sindolt and Hunolt, liegemen of these three kings, had + rule of the court and of its honors. Thereto had they many a warrior whose + name I cannot tell. Dankwart was marshal; his nephew, Ortwin, seneschal + unto the king; Sindolt was cupbearer, a chosen knight; Hunolt served as + chamberlain; well they wot how to fill these lofty stations. Of the forces + of the court and its far-reaching might, of the high worship (18) and of + the chivalry these lords did ply with joy throughout their life, of this + forsooth none might relate to you the end. + </p> + <p> + In the midst of these high honors Kriemhild dreamed a dream, of how she + trained a falcon, strong, fair, and wild, which, before her very eyes, two + eagles rent to pieces. No greater sorrow might chance to her in all this + world. This dream then she told to Uta her mother, who could not unfold it + to the dutiful maid in better wise than this: "The falcon which thou + trainest, that is a noble man, but thou must needs lose him soon, unless + so be that God preserve him." + </p> + <p> + "Why speakest thou to me of men, dear brother mine? I would fain ever be + without a warrior's love. So fair will I remain until my death, that I + shall never gain woe from love of man." + </p> + <p> + "Now forswear this not too roundly," spake the mother in reply. "If ever + thou shalt wax glad of heart in this world, that will chance through the + love of man. Passing fair wilt thou become, if God grant thee a right + worthy knight." + </p> + <p> + "I pray you leave this speech," spake she, "my lady. Full oft hath it been + seen in many a wife, how joy may at last end in sorrow. I shall avoid them + both, then can it ne'er go ill with me." + </p> + <p> + Thus in her heart Kriemhild forsware all love. Many a happy day thereafter + the maiden lived without that she wist any whom she would care to love. In + after days she became with worship a valiant here's bride. He was the + selfsame falcon which she beheld in her dream that her mother unfolded to + her. How sorely did she avenge this upon her nearest kin, who slew him + after! Through his dying alone there fell full many a mother's son. + </p> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + ENDNOTES: + (1) "Nibelungenlied", the lay of the Nibelungs. The ordinary + etymology of this name is 'children of the mist' + ("Nebelkinder", O.N. "Niflungar"), and it is thought to have + belonged originally to the dwarfs. Piper, I, 50, interprets + it as 'the sons of Nibul'; Boer, II, 198, considers + "Hniflungar" to be the correct Norse form and interprets it + as 'the descendants of Hnaef' (O.E. "Hnaef", O.H.G. + "Hnabi"), whose death is related in the "Finnsaga". + (2) "Adventure" (M.H.G. "aventiure", from O.F. "aventure", Lat. + "adventura"). The word meant originally a happening, + especially some great event, then the report of such an + event. Here it is used in the sense of the different cantos + or "fitts" of the poem, as in the "Gudrun" and other M.H.G. + epics. Among the courtly poets it also frequently denotes + the source, or is the personification of the muse of poetry. + (3) "Kriemhild" is the Upper German form of the Frankish + "Grimhild". In the MSS., the name generally appears with a + further shifting as "Chriemhilt", as if the initial + consonant were Germanic "k". On the various forms of the + name, which have never yet been satisfactorily explained, + see Mullenhoff, ZsfdA. xii, 299, 413; xv, 313; and + Bohnenberger, PB. Beit. xxiv, 221-231. + (4) "Gunther" is the historical "Gundahari", king of the + Burgundians in the fifth century. + (5) "Gernot" was probably introduced by some minstrel in place + of the historical "Godomar", who appears in the Norse + version as "Gutthormr", though the names are not + etymologically the same, as "Godomar" would be "Guthmarr" in + Old Norse. + (6) "Giselher" is the historical "Gislaharius". Although + mentioned by the "Lex Burgundionum" as one of the Burgundian + kings, he does not appear in the early Norse version, or in + other poems dealing with these persons, such as the + "Waltharius", the "Rabenschlacht", the "Rosengarten", etc., + and was probably introduced at a late date into the saga. + Originally no role was ascribed to him, and not even his + death is told. He probably came from some independent + source. + (7) "Etzel" is the German form for the historical "Attila" + (Norse "Atli"). A discussion of his connection with the + saga will be found in the introduction. + (8) "Worms" is the ancient "Borbetomagus", which in the first + century B.C. was the chief city of the German tribe of the + "Vangioni". In the fifth century it was the capital of the + Burgundian kingdom, but was destroyed by the Huns. The + Merovingians rebuilt it, and in the seventh century it + became a bishopric where Charlemagne at times held his + court. It was later noted as the meeting-place of many + imperial diets. It remained a free city till 1801. In the + "Thidreksaga" the name is corrupted into "Wernize". + (9) "Uta" (M.H.G. "Uote"). The name means ancestress, and is + frequently used for the mother of heroes. The modern German + form is "Ute", but in order to insure its being pronounced + with two syllables, the form "Uta" was chosen. + (10) "Dankrat" (M.H.G. "Dancrat") appears as the father only in + the "Nibelungenlied" and poems dependent on it, e.g., the + "Klage" and "Biterolf", elsewhere as "Gibiche" (Norse + "Giuki"). + (11) "Hagen of Troneg". Troneg is probably a corruption of the + name of the Latin colony, "colonia Trajana", on the Lower + Rhine, which as early as the fifth century was written as + "Troja", giving rise to the legend that the Franks were + descended from the ancient Trojans. "Troja" was then + further corrupted to "Tronje" and "Tronege". Hagen was + therefore originally a Frank and had no connection with the + Burgundian kings, as the lack of alliteration also goes to + show. Boer thinks that not Siegfried but Hagen originally + lived at Xanten (see note 3 to Adventure II), as this was + often called Troja Francorum. When the Hagen story was + connected with the Burgundians and Hagen became either their + brother or their vassal, his home was transferred to Worms + and Siegfried was located at Xanten, as he had no especial + localization. Thus Siegfried is never called Siegfried of + Troneg, as is Hagen. Other attempts to explain Troneg will + be found in Piper, I, 48. + (12) "Dankwart" is not an historical character nor one that + belonged to the early form of the legend. He may have come + from another saga, where he played the principal role as + Droege (ZsfdA. 48, 499) thinks. Boer considers him to be + Hagen's double, invented to play a part that would naturally + fall to Hagen's share, were he not otherwise engaged at the + moment. In our poem he is called "Dancwart der snelle", a + word that has proved a stumbling-block to translators, + because in modern German it means 'speedy', 'swift'. Its + original meaning was, however, 'brave', 'warlike', although + the later meaning is already found in M.H.G. In all such + doubtful cases the older meaning has been preferred, unless + the context forbids, and the word 'doughty' has been chosen + to translate it. + (13) "Ortwin of Metz" appears also in the "Eckenlied", + "Waltharius", and in "Biterolf". He is most likely a late + introduction (but see Piper, I, 44). Rieger thinks that he + belonged to a wealthy family "De Metis". Though the "i" is + long in the original, and Simrock uses the form "Ortewein" + in his translation, the spelling with short "i" has been + chosen, as the lack of accent tends to shorten the vowel in + such names. + (14) "Gere" is likewise a late introduction. He is perhaps the + historical Margrave Gere (965) of East Saxony, whom Otto the + Great appointed as a leader against the Slavs. See O. von + Heinemann, "Markgraf Gero", Braunschweig, 1860, and Piper, L + 43. + (15) "Eckewart" is also a late accession. He is perhaps the + historical margrave of Meissen (1002), the first of the + name. He, too, won fame in battle against the Slavs. + (16) "Folker of Alzei" (M.H.G. "Volker von Alzeije"), the + knightly minstrel, is hardly an historical personage, in + spite of the fact that Alzey is a well-known town in Rhine + Hesse on the Selz, eighteen miles southwest of Mainz. The + town has, to be sure, a violin in its coat of arms, as also + the noble family of the same name. It is most likely, + however, that this fact caused Folker to be connected with + Alzei. In the "Thidreksaga" Folker did not play the role of + minstrel, and it is probable that some minstrel reviser of + our poem developed the character and made it the + personification of himself. + (17) "Rumolt", "Sindolt", and "Hunolt" have no historical basis + and merely help to swell the retinue of the Burgundians. + (18) "Worship". This word has been frequently used here in its + older meaning of 'worth', 'reverence', 'respect', to + translate the M.H.G. "eren", 'honors'. +</pre> + <p> + <a name="link2H_4_0006"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + ADVENTURE II. Of Siegfried. + </h2> + <p> + In the Netherlands there grew the child of a noble king (his father had + for name Siegmund, (1) his mother Siegelind), (2) in a mighty castle, + known far and wide, in the lowlands of the Rhine: Xanten, (3) men called + it. Of this hero I sing, how fair he grew. Free he was of every blemish. + Strong and famous he later became, this valiant man. Ho! What great + worship he won in this world! Siegfried hight this good and doughty + knight. Full many kingdoms did he put to the test through his warlike + mood. Through his strength of body he rode into many lands. Ho! What bold + warriors he after found in the Burgundian land! Mickle wonders might one + tell of Siegfried in his prime, in youthful days; what honors he received + and how fair of body he. The most stately women held him in their love; + with the zeal which was his due men trained him. But of himself what + virtues he attained! Truly his father's lands were honored, that he was + found in all things of such right lordly mind. Now was he become of the + age that he might ride to court. Gladly the people saw him, many a maid + wished that his desire might ever bear him hither. Enow gazed on him with + favor; of this the prince was well aware. Full seldom was the youth + allowed to ride without a guard of knights. Siegmund and Siegelind bade + deck him out in brave attire. The older knights who were acquaint with + courtly custom, had him in their care. Well therefore might he win both + folk and land. + </p> + <p> + Now he was of the strength that he bare weapons well. Whatever he needed + thereto, of this he had enow. With purpose he began to woo fair ladies; + these bold Siegfried courted well in proper wise. Then bade Siegmund have + cried to all his men, that he would hold a feasting with his loving + kindred. The tidings thereof men brought into the lands of other kings. To + the strangers and the home-folk he gave steeds and armor. Wheresoever any + was found who, because of his birth, should become a knight, these noble + youths were summoned to the land for the feasting. Here with the youthful + prince they gained the knightly sword. Wonders might one tell of this + great feast; Siegmund and Siegelind wist well how to gain great worship + with their gifts, of which their hands dealt out great store. Wherefore + one beheld many strangers riding to their realm. Four hundred sword-thanes + (4) were to put on knightly garb with Siegfried. Many a fair maid was + aught but idle with the work, for he was beloved of them all. Many + precious stones the ladies inlaid on the gold, which together with the + edging they would work upon the dress of the proud young warriors, for + this must needs be done. + </p> + <p> + The host bade make benches for the many valiant men, for the midsummer + festival, (5) at which Siegfried should gain the name of knight. Then full + many a noble knight and many a high-born squire did hie them to the + minster. Right were the elders in that they served the young, as had been + done to them afore. Pastimes they had and hope of much good cheer. To the + honor of God a mass was sung; then there rose from the people full great a + press, as the youths were made knights in courtly wise, with such great + honors as might not ever lightly be again. Then they ran to where they + found saddled many a steed. In Siegmund's court the hurtling (6) waxed so + fierce that both palace (7) and hall were heard to ring; the high-mettled + warriors clashed with mighty sound. From young and old one heard many a + shock, so that the splintering of the shafts reechoed to the clouds. + Truncheons (8) were seen flying out before the palace from the hand of + many a knight. This was done with zeal. At length the host bade cease the + tourney and the steeds were led away. Upon the turf one saw all + to-shivered (9) many a mighty buckler and great store of precious stones + from the bright spangles (10) of the shields. Through the hurtling this + did hap. + </p> + <p> + Then the guests of the host betook them to where men bade them sit. With + good cheer they refreshed them and with the very best of wine, of which + one bare frill plenty. To the strangers and the home-folk was shown + worship enow. Though much pastime they had throughout the day, many of the + strolling folk forsware all rest. They served for the largess, which men + found there richly, whereby Siegmund's whole land was decked with praise. + Then bade the king enfeoff Siegfried, the youth, with land and castles, as + he himself had done. Much his hand bestowed upon the sword-companions. The + journey liked them well, that to this land they were come. The feasting + lasted until the seventh day. Siegelind, the noble queen, for the love of + her son, dealt out ruddy gold in time-honored wise. Full well she wot how + to make him beloved of the folk. Scarce could a poor man be found among + the strolling mimes. Steeds and raiment were scattered by their hand, as + if they were to live not one more day. I trow that never did serving folk + use such great bounty. With worshipful honors the company departed hence. + Of the mighty barons the tale doth tell that they desired the youth unto + their lord, but of this the stately knight, Sir Siegfried, listed naught. + Forasmuch as both Siegmund and Siegelind were still alive, the dear child + of them twain wished not to wear a crown, but fain would he become a lord + against all the deeds of force within his lands, whereof the bold and + daring knight was sore adread. + </p> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + ENDNOTES: + (1) "Siegmund" (M.H.G. "Sigemunt") was originally the hero of an + independent saga. See "Volsungasaga", chaps. 3-8. + (2) "Siegelind" (M.H.G. "Sigelint") is the correct name of + Siegfried's mother, as the alliteration shows. The Early + Norse version has "Hjordis", which has come from the "Helgi + saga". + (3) "Xanten" (M.H.G. "Santen" from the Latin "ad sanctos") is at + present a town in the Rhenish Prussian district of + Dusseldorf. It does not now lie on the Rhine, but did in + the Middle Ages. + (4) "Sword-thanes" (M.H.G. "swertdegene") were the young squires + who were to be made knights. It was the custom for a + youthful prince to receive the accolade with a number of + others. + (5) "Midsummer festival". The M.H.G. "sunewende" means + literally the 'sun's turning', i.e., the summer solstice. + This was one of the great Germanic festivals, which the + church later turned into St. John's Eve. The bonfires still + burnt in Germany on this day are survivals of the old + heathen custom. + (6) "Hurtling" translates here M.H.G. "buhurt", a word borrowed + from the French to denote a knightly sport in which many + knights clashed together. Hurtling was used in older + English in the same significance. + (7) "Palace" (M.H.G. "palas", Lat. "palatium") is a large + building standing alone and largely used as a reception + hall. + (8) "Truncheons" (M.H.G. "trunzûne", O.F. "tronçon)", 'lance + splinters', 'fragments of spears'. + (9) "To-shivered", 'broken to pieces', in imitation of the older + English to-beat, to-break, etc. + (10) "Spangles" (M.H.G. "spangen"), strips of metal radiating + from the raised centre of the shield and often set, as here, + with precious stones. +</pre> + <p> + <a name="link2H_4_0007"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + ADVENTURE III. How Siegfried Came to Worms. + </h2> + <p> + It was seldom that sorrow of heart perturbed the prince. He heard tales + told of how there lived in Burgundy a comely maid, fashioned wondrous + fair, from whom he thereafter gained much of joy, but suffering, too. Her + beauty out of measure was known far and wide. So many a here heard of her + noble mind, that it alone brought many a guest (1) to Gunther's land. But + however many were seen wooing for her love, Kriemhild never confessed + within her heart that she listed any for a lover. He was still a stranger + to her, whose rule she later owned. Then did the son of Siegelind aspire + to lofty love; the wooing of all others was to his but as the wind, for + well he wot how to gain a lady fair. In later days the noble Kriemhild + became bold Siegfried's bride. Kinsmen and liegemen enow advised him, + since he would have hope of constant love, that he woo one who was his + peer. At this bold Siegfried spake: "Then will I choose Kriemhild, the + fair maid of Burgundy, for her beauty beyond measure. This I know full + well, never was emperor so mighty, and he would have a wife, that it would + not beseem him to love this noble queen." + </p> + <p> + Tidings of this reached Siegmund's ear; through the talk of the courtiers + he was made ware of the wish of his son. Full loth it was to the king, + that his child would woo the glorious maid. Siegelind heard it too, the + wife of the noble king. Greatly she feared for her child, for full well + she knew Gunther and his men. Therefore they sought to turn the hero from + this venture. Up spake then the daring Siegfried: "Dear father mine, I + would fain ever be without the love of noble dames, if I may not woo her + in whom my heart hath great delight; whatsoever any may aver, it will + avail but naught." + </p> + <p> + "And thou wilt not turn back," spake the king, "then am I in sooth glad of + thy will and will help thee bring it to pass, as best I may. Yet hath this + King Gunther full many a haughty man. If there were none else but Hagen, + the doughty knight, he can use such arrogance that I fear me it will + repent us sore, if we woo this high-born maid." + </p> + <p> + Then Siegfried made reply: "Wherefore need that hinder us? What I may not + obtain from them in friendly wise, that my hand and its strength can gain. + I trow that 1 can wrest from him both folk and land." + </p> + <p> + To this Prince Siegmund replied: "Thy speech liketh me not, for if this + tale were told upon the Rhine, then durst thou never ride unto that land. + Long time have Gunther and Gernot been known to me. By force may none win + the maid, of this have I been well assured; but wilt thou ride with + warriors unto this land, and we still have aught of friends, they shall be + summoned soon." + </p> + <p> + "It is not to my mind," spake again Siegfried, "that warriors should + follow me to the Rhine, as if for battle, that I constrain thereby the + noble maid. My single hand can win her well—with eleven (2) comrades + I will fare to Gunther's land; thereto shalt thou help me, Father + Siegmund." Then to his knights they gave for garments furs both gray and + vair. (3) + </p> + <p> + Now his mother Siegelind also heard the tale. She began to make dole for + her loved child, whom she feared to lose through Gunther's men. Sorely the + noble queen gan weep. Lord Siegfried hied him straightway to where he saw + her; to his mother he spake in gentle wise: "Lady, ye must not weep for + me; naught have I to fear from all his fighting men. I pray you, speed me + on my journey to the Burgundian land, that I and my warriors may have + array such as proud heroes can wear with honor; for this I will say you + gramercy i' faith." + </p> + <p> + "Since naught will turn thee," spake then the Lady Siegelind, "so will I + speed thee on thy journey, mine only child, with the best of weeds that + ever knight did wear, thee and thy comrades. Ye shall have enow." + </p> + <p> + Siegfried, the youth, then made low obeisance to the queen. He spake: + "None but twelve warriors will I have upon the way. Let raiment be made + ready for them, I pray, for I would fain see how it standeth with + Kriemhild." + </p> + <p> + Then sate fair ladies night and day. Few enow of them, I trow, did ease + them, till Siegfried's weeds had all been wrought. Nor would he desist + from faring forth. His father bade adorn the knightly garb in which his + son should ride forth from Siegmund's land. The shining breastplates, too, + were put in trim, also the stanch helmets and their shields both fair and + broad. Now their journey to the Burgundian land drew near; man and wife + began to fear lest they never should come home again. The heroes bade lade + their sumpters with weapons and with harness. Their steeds were fair and + their trappings red with gold. No need were there to live more proudly + than Siegfried and his men. Then he asked for leave to journey to the land + of Burgundy; this the king and queen sorrowfully vouchsafed. Lovingly he + comforted them twain. "For my sake," spake he, "must ye not weep, nor have + fear for me or for my life." + </p> + <p> + The warriors, too, were sad and many a maiden wept; I ween, their hearts + did tell them rightly that many of their kinsmen would come to death + because of this. Just cause had they for wailing; need enow they had in + sooth. + </p> + <p> + Upon the seventh morning, forth upon the river sand at Worms the brave + warriors pricked. Their armor was of ruddy gold and their trappings + fashioned fair. Smoothly trotted the steeds of bold Siegfried's men. Their + shields were new; gleaming and broad and fair their helmets, as Siegfried, + the bold, rode to court in Gunther's land. Never had such princely attire + been seen on heroes; their sword-points hung down to their spurs. Sharp + javelins were borne by these chosen knights. Siegfried wielded one full + two spans broad, which upon its edges cut most dangerously. In their hands + they held gold-colored bridles; their martingales were silken: so they + came into the land. Everywhere the folk began to gape amazed and many of + Gunther's men fared forth to meet them. High-mettled warriors, both knight + and squire, betook them to the lords (as was but right), and received into + the land of their lords these guests and took from their hands the black + sumpters which bore the shields. The steeds, too, they wished to lead away + for easement. How boldly then brave Siegfried spake: "Let stand the mounts + of me and of my men. We will soon hence again, of this have I great + desire. Whosoever knoweth rightly where I can find the king, Gunther, the + mighty, of Burgundian land, let him not keep his peace but tell me." + </p> + <p> + Then up spake one to whom it was rightly known: "Would ye find the king, + that can hap full well. In yon broad hall with his heroes did I but see + him. Ye must hither hie you; there ye may find with him many a lordly + man." + </p> + <p> + To the king now the word was brought, that full lusty knights were come, + who wore white breastplates and princely garb. None knew them in the + Burgundian land. Much it wondered the king whence came these lordly + warriors in such shining array, with such good shields, both new and + broad. Loth was it to Gunther, that none could tell him this. Then Ortwin + of Metz (a bold and mighty man was he) made answer to the king: "Since we + know them not, ye should send for mine uncle Hagen, and let him see them. + To him are known (4) all kingdoms and foreign lands. If so be he knoweth + these lords, he will tell us straightway." + </p> + <p> + Then bade the king that Hagen and his men be brought. One saw him with his + warriors striding in lordly wise unto the court. + </p> + <p> + "What would the king of me?" asked Hagen. + </p> + <p> + "There be come to my house strange warriors, whelm here none knoweth. If + ye have ever seen them, I pray you, Hagen, tell me now the truth." + </p> + <p> + "That will I," spake then Hagen. He hied him to a window and over the + guests he let his glances roam. Well liked him their trappings and their + array, but full strange were they to him in the Burgundian land. He spake: + "From wheresoever these warriors be come unto the Rhine, they may well be + princes or envoys of kings, for their steeds are fair and their garments + passing good. Whencesoever they bear these, forsooth high-mettled warriors + be they." + </p> + <p> + "I dare well say," so spake Hagen, "though I never have seen Siegfried, + yet can I well believe, however this may be, that he is the warrior that + strideth yonder in such lordly wise. He bringeth new tidings hither to + this land. By this here's hand were slain the bold Nibelungs, Schilbung + and Nibelung, (5) sons of a mighty king. Since then he hath wrought great + marvels with his huge strength. Once as the hero rode alone without all + aid, he found before a mountain, as I have in sooth been told, by + Nibelung's hoard full many a daring man. Strangers they were to him, till + he gained knowledge of them there. + </p> + <p> + "The hoard of Nibelung was borne entire from out a hollow hill. Now hear a + wondrous tale, of how the liegemen of Nibelung wished to divide it there. + This the hero Siegfried saw and much it gan wonder him. So near was he now + come to them, that he beheld the heroes, and the knights espied him, too. + One among them spake: 'Here cometh the mighty Siegfried, the hero of + Netherland.' Passing strange were the tidings that, he found among the + Nibelungs. Schilbung and Nibelung greeted well the knight; with one accord + these young and noble lordings bade the stately man divide the hoard. + Eagerly they asked it, and the lord in turn gan vow it to them. + </p> + <p> + "He beheld such store of gems, as we have heard said, that a hundred wains + might not bear the lead; still more was there of ruddy gold from the + Nibelung land. All this the hand of the daring Siegfried should divide. As + a guerdon they gave him the sword of Nibelung, but they were served full + ill by the service which the good knight Siegfried should render them. Nor + could he end it for them; angry of mood (6) they grew. Twelve bold men of + their kith were there, mighty giants these. What might that avail them! + Siegfried's hand slew them soon in wrath, and seven hundred warriors from + the Nibelung land he vanquished with the good sword Balmung. (7) Because + of the great fear that, many a young warrior had of the sword and of the + valiant man, they made the land and its castles subject to his hand. + Likewise both the mighty kings he slew, but soon he himself was sorely + pressed by Alberich. (8) The latter weened to venge straightway his + masters, till he then discovered Siegfried's mighty strength; for no match + for him was the sturdy dwarf. Like wild lions they ran to the hill, where + from Alberich he won the Cloak of Darkness. (9) Thus did Siegfried, the + terrible, become master of the hoard; those who had dared the combat, all + lay there slain. Soon bade he cart and bear the treasure to the place from + whence the men of Nibelung had borne it forth. He made Alberich, the + strong, warden of the hoard and bade him swear an oath to serve him as his + knave; and fit he was for work of every sort." + </p> + <p> + So spake Hagen of Troneg: "This he hath done. Nevermore did warrior win + such mighty strength. I wot yet more of him: it is known to me that the + hero slew a dragon and bathed him in the blood, so that his skin became + like horn. Therefore no weapons will cut him, as hath full oft been seen. + All the better must we greet this lord, that we may not earn the youthful + warrior's hate. So bold is he that we should hold him as a friend, for he + hath wrought full many a wonder by his strength." + </p> + <p> + Then spake the mighty king: "Thou mayst well have right. Behold how + valiantly he with his knights doth stand in lust of battle, the daring + man! Let us go down to meet the warrior." + </p> + <p> + "That ye may do with honor," spake then Hagen; "he is of noble race, son + of a mighty king. God wot, methinks, he beareth him in such wise, that it + can be no little matter for which he hath ridden hither." + </p> + <p> + "Now be he welcome to us," spake then the king of the land. "He is both + noble and brave, as I have heard full well. This shall stand him in good + stead in the Burgundian land." Then went Lord Gunther to where Siegfried + stood. + </p> + <p> + The host and his warriors received the guest in such wise that full little + was there lack of worship. Low bowed the stately man, that they had + greeted him so fair. "It wondereth me," spake the king straightway, + "whence ye, noble Siegfried, be come unto this land, or what ye seek at + Worms upon the Rhine." + </p> + <p> + Then the stranger made answer to the king: "This will I not conceal from + you. Tales were told me in my father's land, that here with you were the + boldest warriors that ever king did gain. This I have often heard, and + that I might know it of a truth, therefore am I come. Likewise do I hear + boasting of your valor, that no bolder king hath ever been seen. This the + folk relate much through all these lands. Therefore will I not turn back, + till it be known to me. I also am a warrior and was to wear a crown. Fain + would I bring it to pass that it may be said of me: Rightly doth he rule + both folk and land. Of this shall my head and honor be a pledge. Now be ye + so bold, as hath been told me, I reck not be it lief or loth to any man, I + will gain from you whatso ye have—land and castles shall be subject + to my hand." + </p> + <p> + The king had likewise his men had marvel at the tidings they here heard, + that he was willed to take from them their land. The knights waxed wroth, + as they heard this word. "How have I earned this," spake Gunther, the + knight, "that we should lose by the force of any man that which my father + hath rules so long with honor? We should let it ill appear that we, too, + are used in knightly ways." + </p> + <p> + "In no wise will I desist," spake again the valiant man. "Unless it be + that through thy strength thy land have peace, I will rule it all. And + shouldst thou gain, by thy strength, my ancestral lands, they shall be + subject to thy sway. Thy lands, and mine as well, shall lie alike; whether + of us twain can triumph over the other, him shall both land and people + serve." + </p> + <p> + Hagen and Gernot, too, straightway gainsaid this. "We have no wish," spake + Gernot, "that we should conquer aught of lands, or that any man lie dead + at hero's hands. We have rich lands, which serve us, as is meet, nor hath + any a better claim to them than we." + </p> + <p> + There stood his kinsmen, grim of mood; among them, too, Ortwin of Metz. + "It doth irk me much to hear these words of peace," spake he; "the mighty + Siegfried hath defied you for no just cause. Had ye and your brothers no + meet defense, and even if he led a kingly troop, I trow well so to fight + that the daring man have good cause to leave this haughty mien." + </p> + <p> + At this the hero of Netherland grew wonderly wroth. He spake: "Thy hand + shall not presume against me. I am a mighty king, a king's vassal thou. + Twelve of thy ilk durst not match me in strife." + </p> + <p> + Then Ortwin of Metz called loudly for swords. Well was he fit to be Hagen + of Troneg's sister's son. It rued the king that he had held his peace so + long. Then Gernot, the bold and lusty knight, came in between. He spake to + Ortwin: "Now give over thy anger. Lord Siegfried hath done us no such + wrong, but that we may still part the strife in courteous wise. Be advised + of me and hold him still as friend; far better will this beseem us." + </p> + <p> + Then spake the doughty Hagen: "It may well grieve us and all thy knights + that he ever rode for battle to the Rhine. He should have given it over; + my lordings never would have done such ill to him." + </p> + <p> + To this Siegfried, the mighty man, made answer: "Doth this irk you, Sir + Hagen, which I spake, then will I let you see that my hands shall have + dominion here in the Burgundian land." + </p> + <p> + "I alone will hinder this," answered Gernot, and he forbade his knights + speak aught with haughtiness that might cause rue. Siegfried, too, then + bethought him of the noble maid. + </p> + <p> + "How might it beseem us to fight with you?" spake Gernot anew. "However + really heroes should lie dead because of this, we should have scant honor + therefrom and ye but little gain." + </p> + <p> + To this Siegfried, the son of Siegmund, made reply: "Why waiteth Hagen, + and Ortwin, too, that he hasteth not to fight with his kin, of whom he + hath so many here in Burgundy?" + </p> + <p> + At this all held their peace; such was Gernot's counsel. Then spake Queen + Uta's son: "Ye shall be welcome to us with all your war-mates, who are + come with you. We shall gladly serve you, I and all my kin." + </p> + <p> + Then for the guests they bade pour out King Gunther's wine. The master of + the land then spake: "All that we have, if ye desire it in honorable wise, + shall owe fealty to you; with you shall both life and goods be shared." + </p> + <p> + At this Lord Siegfried grew of somewhat gentler mood. Then they bade that + care be taken of the armor of the guests. The best of hostels that men + might find were sought for Siegfried's squires; great easement they gave + them. Thereafter they gladly saw the guest in Burgundy. Many a day they + offered him great worship, a thousand fold more than I can tell you. This + his prowess wrought; ye may well believe, full scant a one he saw who was + his foe. + </p> + <p> + Whenever the lordings and their liegemen did play at knightly games, + Siegfried was aye the best, whatever they began. Herein could no one match + him, so mighty was his strength, whether they threw the stone or hurled + the shaft. When through courtesie the full lusty knights made merry with + the ladies, there were they glad to see the hero of Netherland, for upon + high love his heart was bent. He was aye ready for whatso they undertook, + but in his heart he bare a lovely maid, whom he had never seen. She too, + who in secret spake full well of him, cherished him alone. Whenever the + pages, squires, and knights would play their games within the court, + Kriemhild, the noble queen, watched them from the windows, for no other + pastime she needed on such days. Had he known that she gazed on him thus, + whom he bare within his heart, then had he had pastime enough, I trow, for + well I wot that no greater joy in all this world could chance to him. + </p> + <p> + Whenever he stood by the heroes in the court, as men still are wont to do, + for pastime's sake, so winsome was the posture of Siegelind's son, that + many a lady loved him for very joy of heart. But he bethought him many a + day: "How shall that hap, that I with mine own eyes may see the noble + maid, whom I do love with all my heart and so have done long time. Sadly + must I stand, sith she be still a stranger to me." + </p> + <p> + Whenever the mighty kings fared forth into their land, the warriors all + must needs accompany them at hand, and Siegfried, too. This the lady rued, + and he, too, suffered many pangs for love of her. Thus he dwelt with the + lordings, of a truth, full a year in Gunther's land, and in all this time + he saw not once the lovely maid, from whom in later days there happed to + him much joy and eke much woe. + </p> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + ENDNOTES: + (1) "Guest" translates here the M.H.G. "gest", a word which may + mean either 'guest' or 'stranger,' and it is often + difficult, as here, to tell to which meaning the preference + should be given. + (2) "Eleven" translates the M.H.G. "selbe zwelfte", which means + one of twelve. The accounts are, however, contradictory, as + a few lines below mention is made of twelve companions of + Siegfried. + (3) "Vair" (O.F. "vair", Lat. "varius"), 'variegated', like the + fur of the squirrel. + (4) "Known". It was a mark of the experienced warrior, that he + was acquainted with the customs and dress of various + countries and with the names and lineage of all important + personages. Thus in the "Hildebrandslied" Hildebrand asks + Hadubrand to tell him his father's name, and adds: "If thou + tellest me the one, I shall know the other." + (5) "Schilbung" and "Nibelung", here spoken of as the sons of a + mighty king, were originally dwarfs, and, according to some + authorities, the original owners of the treasure. Boer, ix, + 199, thinks, however, that the name Nibelungs was + transferred from Hagen to these dwarfs at a late stage in + the formation of the saga. + (6) "Angry of mood". The reason of this anger is apparent from + the more detailed account in "Biterolf", 7801. The quarrel + arose from the fact that, according to ancient law, + Siegfried acquired with the sword the rights of the first + born, which the brothers, however, refused to accord to him. + (7) "Balmung". In the older Norse version and in the + "Thidreksaga" Siegfried's sword bore the name of Gram. + (8) "Alberich" is a dwarf king who appears in a number of + legends, e.g., in the "Ortnit saga" and in "Biterolf". + Under the Romance form of his name, "Oberon", he plays an + important role in modern literature. + (9) "Cloak of Darkness". This translates the M.H.G. + "tarnkappe", a word often retained by translators. It is + formed from O.H.G. tarni, 'secret' (cf. O.E. "dyrne"), and + "kappe" from late Latin "cappa", 'cloak'. It rendered the + wearer invisible and gave him the strength of twelve men. +</pre> + <p> + <a name="link2H_4_0008"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + ADVENTURE IV. How He Fought with the Saxons. (1) + </h2> + <p> + Now there came strange tales to Gunther's land, though messengers sent + them from afar—tales of unknown warriors, who bare them hate. When + they heard this word, in sooth it pleased them not. These warriors will I + name to you: there was Liudeger of Saxon land, a great and lordly prince, + and then from Denmark Liudegast, the king. For their journey they had + gathered many a lordly stranger. + </p> + <p> + To Gunther's land were come the messengers his foes had sent. Men asked + the strangers for their tidings and bade them hie them soon to court unto + King Gunther. The king gave them greeting fair; he spake: "Be ye welcome. + I have not heard who sent you hither, but let that now be told." So spake + the right good king. But they feared full sore King Gunther's warlike + mood. + </p> + <p> + "Will ye, O King, permit that we tell the tales we bring, then we shall + not hold our tongue, but name to you the lordings who have sent us hither: + Liudegast and Liudeger; they would march upon this land. Ye have earned + their wrath, indeed we heard that both lords bear you mortal hate. They + would harry at Worms upon the Rhine and have the aid of many a knight; + that may ye know upon our faith. Within twelve weeks the journey must + befall. And ye have aught of good friends, who will help guard your + castles and your lands, let this soon be seen. Here shall be carved by + them many a helm and shield. Or would ye parley with them, let messengers + be sent. Then the numerous bands of your mighty foes will not ride so near + you, to give you pain of heart, from which full many a lusty knight and a + good must die." + </p> + <p> + "Now bide a time," spake the good king, "till I bethink me better; then ye + shall know my mind. Have I aught of trusty men, I will not withhold from + them these startling tales, but will make complaint thereof unto my + friends." + </p> + <p> + To Gunther, the mighty king, it was loth enow, but in his heart he bare + the speech in secret wise. He bade Hagen be fetched and others of his men, + and sent eftsoon to court for Gernot. Then came the very best of men that + could be found. The king spake: "Men would seek us here in this our land + with mighty armies, now make ye wail for that." + </p> + <p> + To this Gernot, a brave and lusty knight, made answer: "That will we fend + indeed with swords. Only the fey (2) will fall. So let them die; for their + sake I will not forget my honor. Let these foes of ours be welcome to us." + </p> + <p> + Then spake Hagen of Troneg: "This thinketh me not good. Liudegast and + Liudeger bear great arrogance; nor can we summon all our men in such short + time. Why tell ye not Siegfried of the thing?" So spake the valiant + knight. + </p> + <p> + To the messengers they bade give lodging in the town. Whatever hate they + bore them, yet Gunther, the mighty, bade purvey them well, as was but + right, till he discovered of his friends who there was who would lend him + aid. Yet in his fears the king was ill at ease. Just then full blithe a + knight, who wot not what had happed, saw him thus sad and prayed King + Gunther to tell him of the matter. "Much it wondereth me," spake + Siegfried, for he it was, "that ye thus have changed your merry wont, + which ye have used thus far with us." + </p> + <p> + To this Gunther, the stately knight, replied: "It liketh me not to tell + all folk the grievance which I must bear within my heart in secret wise. + Only to trusty friends should one confide his woe of heart." + </p> + <p> + At this Siegfried's color waxed both pale and red. To the king he spake: + "I have denied you naught and will gladly help you turn aside your woes. + And ye seek friends, I will be one of them and trow well to deport myself + with honor until mine end." + </p> + <p> + "Now God reward you, Sir Siegfried, your speech thinketh me good, and + though your prowess help me not, yet do I rejoice to hear that ye are + friend to me, and live I yet a while, I shall repay you well. I will let + you hear why I stand thus sad; from the messengers of my foes I have heard + that they would visit me with war, a thing which knights have never done + to us in all these lands." + </p> + <p> + "Regard this lightly," spake then Siegfried, "and calm your mood. Do as I + pray you. Let me gain for you both worship and advantage and do ye command + your knights, that they gather to your aid. Should your mighty foes be + helped by thirty thousand (3) men, yet could I withstand them, had I but a + thousand; for that rely on me." + </p> + <p> + Then spake King Gunther: "For this I'll serve you ever." + </p> + <p> + "So bid me call a thousand of your men, since of mine own I have but + twelve, and I will guard your land. Faithfully shall the hand of Siegfried + serve you. Hagen shall help us and also Ortwin, Dankwart, and Sindolt, + your trusty men. Folker, the valiant man, shall also ride along; he shall + bear the banner, for to none would I liefer grant it. Let now the envoys + ride home to their masters' lands. Give them to understand they soon shall + see us, that our castles may rest in peace." + </p> + <p> + Then the king bade summon both his kinsmen and his men. The messengers of + Liudeger betook them to the court. Fain they were that they should journey + home again. Gunther, the good king, made offrance of rich gifts and gave + them safe-convoy. At this their spirits mounted high. "Now say unto my + foes," spake then Gunther, "that they may well give over their journey and + stay at home; but if they will seek me here within my lands, hardships + shall they know, and my friends play me not false." + </p> + <p> + Rich gifts men bare then for the envoys; enow of these had Gunther to + bestow, nor durst the men of Liudeger refuse them. When at last they took + their leave, they parted hence in merry mood. + </p> + <p> + Now when the messengers were come to Denmark and King Liudegast had heard + how they parted from the Rhine, as was told him, much he rued, in sooth, + their (4) proud defiance. The envoys said that Gunther had full many a + valiant man-at-arms and among them they saw a warrior stand, whose name + was Siegfried, a hero from Netherland. Little liked it Liudegast when he + heard aright this tale. When the men of Denmark had heard these tidings + told, they hasted all the more to call their friends; till Sir Liudegast + had gathered for his journey full twenty thousand knights from among his + valiant men. Then King Liudeger, also, of Saxon land, sent forth his + summons, till they had forty thousand men and more, with whom they thought + to ride to the Burgundian land. + </p> + <p> + Likewise at home King Gunther got him men-at-arms among his kin and the + liegemen of his brothers, and among Hagen's men whom they wished to lead + thence for battle. Much need of this the heroes had, but warriors soon + must suffer death from this. Thus they made them ready for the journey. + When they would hence, Folker, the daring, must bear the flag. In such + wise they thought to ride from Worms across the Rhine. Hagen of Troneg was + master of the troop; with them rode Sindolt and Hunolt, too, who wist well + how to merit Gunther's gold. Dankwart, Hagen's brother, and Ortwin, too, + well could they serve with honor in this war. + </p> + <p> + "Sir King," spake then Siegfried, "stay ye at home; since that your + warriors are willed to follow me, remain ye with the ladies and keep your + spirits high. I trow well to guard for you both honor and estate. Well + will I bring it to pass that those who thought to seek you out at Worms + upon the Rhine, had better far have stayed at home. We shall ride so nigh + unto their land that their proud defiance shall be turned to fear." + </p> + <p> + From the Rhine they rode through Hesse with their warriors towards Saxon + land, where they later fought. With fire and pillage, too, they harried + all the countryside, so that the two kings did learn of it in dire + distress. Then came they to the border; the warriors marched along. + Siegfried, the strong, gan ask: "Who shall now guard here the troop?" + Forsooth never did men ride more scathfully to the Saxons. They spake: + "Let the valiant Dankwart guard the young upon the way, he is a doughty + knight. Thus shall we lose the less through Liudeger's men. Let him and + Ortwin guard the rear." + </p> + <p> + "Then I myself will ride," spake Siegfried, the knight, "and play the + outlook toward the foe, until I discover aright where these warriors be." + Quickly the son of fair Siegelind donned his harness. The troop he gave in + charge to Hagen, when he would depart, and to Gernot, the valiant man. + Thus he rode hence into the Saxon land alone and many a helmet band he cut + to pieces on that day. Soon he spied the mighty host that lay encamped + upon the plain and far outweighed the forces of his men. Forty thousand or + better still there were. Full blithely Siegfried saw this in lofty mood. + Meantime a warrior full well arrayed had mounted to the outlook 'gainst + the foe. Him Sir Siegfried spied, and the bold man saw him, too. Each + began to watch the other in hostile wise. Who it was, who stood on guard, + I'll tell you now; a gleaming shield of gold lay by his hand. It was the + good King Liudegast, who was guarding here his band. The noble stranger + pricked along in lordly wise. + </p> + <p> + Now had Sir Liudegast espied him with hostile eye. Into the flanks of + their horses they plunged the spurs; with all their might they couched the + spears against the shields. At this great fear befell the mighty king. + After the thrust the horses carried past each other the royal knights, as + though borne upon the wind. With the bridles they wheeled in knightly wise + and the two fierce champions encountered with their swords. Then smote Sir + Siegfried, so that the whole field did ring. Through the hero's hand from + out the helmets, as from firebrands, flew the bright red sparks. Each in + the other found his match. Sir Liudegast, too, struck many a savage blow; + the might of each broke full upon the shields. Thirty of Liudegast's men + stood there on guard, but ere they could come to his aid, Siegfried had + won the fight, with three groat wounds which he dealt the king through his + gleaming breastplate, the which was passing good. The blood from the + wounds gushed forth along the edges of the sword, whereat King Liudegast + stood in sorry mood. He begged for life and made offrance of his lands and + said that his name was Liudegast. Then came his warrior's, who had + witnessed what there had happed upon the lookout. As Siegfried would lead + his captive thence, he was set upon by thirty of these men. With mighty + blows the hero's hand guarded his noble prize. The stately knight then + wrought worse scathe. In self-defense he did thirty unto death; only one + he left alive, who rode full fast to tell the tale of what here had + chanced. By his reddened helmet one might see the truth. It sorely grieved + the men of Denmark, when the tale was told them that their king was taken + captive. Men told it to his brother, who at the news began to rage with + monstrous wrath, for great woe it brought him. + </p> + <p> + Liudegast, the warrior, then was led away by Siegfried's might to + Gunther's men and given to Hagen in charge. When that they heard it was + the king, full moderate was their dole. The Burgundians now were bidden + raise their banner. "Up, men," cried Siegfried, "here shall more be done, + ere the day end, and I lose not my life. Full many a stately dame in Saxon + land shall rue this fight. Ye heroes from the Rhine, give heed to me, for + I can guide you well to Liudeger's band. So shall ye see helmets carved by + the hands of goodly knights; ere we turn again, they shall become acquaint + with fear." + </p> + <p> + To their horses Gernot and all his men now hasted, and soon the stalwart + minstrel, Sir Folker, grasped the battle-flag and rode before the band. + Then were all the comrades arrayed in lordly wise for strife; nor had they + more than a thousand men, and thereto Siegfried's twelve men-at-arms. Now + from the road gan rise the dust, as across the land they rode; many a + lordly shield was seen to gleam from out their midst. There, too, were + come the Saxons with their troops and well-sharpened swords, as I since + have heard. Sore cut these weapons in the heroes' hands, for they would + fain guard both their castles and their land against the strangers. The + lordings' marshals led on the troop. Siegfried, too, was come with his + men-at-arms, whom he had brought from Netherland. In the storm of battle + many a hand this day grew red with blood. Sindolt and Hunolt and Gernot, + too, slew many a knight in the strife, ere these rightly knew the boldness + of their foes. This many a stately dame must needs bewail. Folker and + Hagen and Ortwin, too, dimmed in the battle the gleam of many a helm with + flowing blood, these storm-bold men. By Dankwart, too, great deeds were + done. + </p> + <p> + The men of Denmark proved well their hands; one heard many a shield + resounding from the hurtling and from the sharp swords as well, many of + which were wielded there. The battle-bold Saxons did scathe enow, but when + the men of Burgundy pressed to the fight, by them was really a wide wound + carved. Then down across the saddles the blood was seen to flow. Thus they + fought for honors, these knights both bold and good. Loud rang the sharp + weapons in the heroes' hands, as those of Netherland followed their + lording through the sturdy host. Valiantly they forced their way in + Siegfried's wake, but not a knight from the Rhine was seen to follow. + Through the shining helmets one could see flow the bloody stream, drawn + forth by Siegfried's hand, till at last he found Liudeger before his + men-at-arms. Thrice had he pierced the host from end to end. Now was Hagen + come, who helped him achieve in the battle all his mind. Before them many + a good knight must needs die this day. + </p> + <p> + When the mighty Liudeger espied Siegfried and saw that he bore high in + hand the good sword Balmung and did slay so many a man, then waxed the + lording wroth and fierce enow. A mighty surging and a mighty clang of + swords arose, as their comrades pressed against each other. The two + champions tried their prowess all the more. The troops began to yield; + fierce grew the hate. To the ruler of the Saxons the tale was told that + his brother had been captured; great dole this gave him. Well he knew it + was the son of Siegelind who had done the deed. Men blamed Sir Gernot, but + later he learned the truth. + </p> + <p> + So mighty were the blows of Liudeger that Siegfried's charger reeled + beneath the saddle. When the steed recovered, bold Siegfried took on a + frightful usance in the fray. In this Hagen helped him well, likewise + Gernot, Dankwart, and Folker, too. Through them lay many dead. Likewise + Sindolt and Hunolt and Ortwin, the knight, laid many low in strife; side + by side in the fray the noble princes stood. One saw above the helmets + many a spear, thrown by here's hand, hurtling through the gleaming + shields. Blood-red was colored many a lordly buckler; many a man in the + fierce conflict was unhorsed. At each other ran Siegfried, the brave, and + Liudeger; shafts were seen to fly and many a keen-edged spear. Then off + flew the shield-plates, struck by Siegfried's hand; the hero of Netherland + thought to win the battle from the valiant Saxons, wondrous many of whom + one saw. Ho! How many shining armor-rings the daring Dankwart broke! + </p> + <p> + Then Sir Liudeger espied a crown painted on the shield in Siegfried's + hand. Well he knew that it was Siegfried, the mighty man. To his friends + the hero loudly called: "Desist ye from the strife, my men, here I have + seen the son of Siegmund, Siegfried, the strong, and recognized him well. + The foul fiend himself hath sent him hither to the Saxon land." The + banners bade he lower in the fight. Peace he craved, and this was later + granted him, but he must needs go as hostage to Gunther's land. This was + wrung from him by valiant Siegfried's hand. With one accord they then gave + over the strife and laid aside the many riddled helmets and the broad, + battered bucklers. Whatever of these was found, bore the hue of blood from + the Burgundians' hand. They captured whom they would, for this lay in + their power. Gernot and Hagen, the full bold warriors, bade bear away the + wounded; five hundred stately men they led forth captive to the Rhine. The + worsted knights rode back to Denmark, nor had the Saxons fought so well + that one could give them aught of praise, and this the heroes rued full + sore. The fallen, too, were greatly mourned by friends. + </p> + <p> + Then they bade place the weapons on sumpters for the Rhine. Siegfried, the + warrior, and his heroes had wrought full well, as Gunther's men must needs + confess. Sir Gernot now sent messengers homeward to Worms in his native + land, and bade tell his kin what great success had happed to him and to + his men, and how these daring knights had striven well for honor. The + squirelings ran and told the tale. Then those who afore had sorrowed, were + blithe for joy at the pleasing tidings that were come. Much questioning + was heard from noble dames, how it had fared with the liegemen of the + mighty king. One of the messengers they bade go to Kriemhild; this happed + full secretly (openly she durst not), for she, too, had amongst them her + own true love. When she saw the messenger coming to her bower, fair + Kriemhild spake in kindly wise: "Now tell me glad news, I pray. And thou + dost so without deceit, I will give thee of my gold and will ever be thy + friend. How fared forth from the battle my brother Gernot and others of my + kin? Are many of them dead perchance? Or who wrought there the best? This + thou must tell me." + </p> + <p> + Quickly then the envoy spake: "Ne'er a coward did we have, but, to tell + the truth, O noble queen, none rode so well to the strife and fray, as did + the noble stranger from Netherland. Mickle wonders the hand of valiant + Siegfried wrought. Whate'er the knights have done in strife, Dankwart and + Hagen and other men of the king, however much they strove for honor, 'tis + but as the wind compared with Siegfried, the son of Siegmund, the king. + They slew full many a hero in the fray, but none might tell you of the + wonders which Siegfried wrought, whenever he rode into the fight. Great + woe he did the ladies through their kin; upon the field the love of many a + dame lay dead. His blows were heard to ring so loud upon the helmets, that + from the wounds they drew forth the blood in streams. In every knightly + art he is a worthy knight and a brave. Whatever Ortwin of Metz achieved + (and he whom he could reach with his good sword, fell sorely wounded, but + mostly dead), yet your brother wrought the direst woe that could ever + chance in battle. One must say of the chosen knights in truth, that these + proud Burgundians acquitted them so well that they can well preserve their + honor from every taint of shame. Through their hands we saw many a saddle + bare, while the field resounded with the flashing swords. So well rode the + warriors from the Rhine, that it were better for their foes had it been + avoided. The valiant men of Troneg, also, wrought dire woe, when in great + numbers the armies met. Bold Hagen's hand did many a one to death; of this + full many stories might be told here in the Burgundian land. Sindolt and + Hunolt, Gernot's men, Rumolt the brave, have done such deeds that it may + well ever rue Liudeger that he made war upon thy kinsmen by the Rhine. The + very best fight that happed from first to last, that one has ever seen, + was made full lustily by Siegfried's hand. Rich hostages he bringeth to + Gunther's land. He won them by his prowess, this stately man. Of this King + Liudegast must bear the loss and eke his brother Liudeger of Saxon land. + Now listen to my tale, most noble queen: by the hand of Siegfried the + twain were caught. Never have men brought so many hostages to this land, + as now are coming to the Rhine through him. Men are bringing to our land + five hundred or more unharmed captives; and of the deadly wounded, my + lady, know, not less than eighty blood-red biers. These men were mostly + wounded by bold Siegfried's hand. Those who in haughty pride sent a + challenge to the Rhine, must now needs be the captives of Gunther, the + king, and men are bringing them with joy unto this land." + </p> + <p> + Still higher rose Kriemhild's color when she heard this tale. Her fair + face blushed a rosy red, that Siegfried, the youth, the stately knight, + had fared forth so joyfully from the dangerous strife. These tidings could + not have pleased her better. For her kinsmen, too, she rejoiced in duty + bound. Then spake the lovely maid: "A fair tale thou hast told me; + therefore shalt thou have as guerdon rich attire. Likewise I'll have thee + brought ten marks of gold." (5) Small wonder that such tales are gladly + told to noble dames. + </p> + <p> + They gave him then his guerdon, the garments and the gold. Then many a + fair maid hied her to the casement and gazed upon the street, where many + high-mettled warriors were seen riding into the Burgundian land. There + came the champions, the wounded and the sound. Without shame they heard + the greetings of their friends. Merrily the host rode forth to meet his + guests, for his great sorrow had been turned to joy. Well greeted he his + vassals and the strangers, too; for it was only meet that the mighty king + in courtly wise should thank those who were come back to him, because in + the storm of battle they had won the fight with honor. Gunther bade his + kinsmen tell who had been slain upon the march; but sixty had been lost, + whom one must mourn, as is the wont with heroes. Many a riven shield and + battered helm the unharmed warriors brought to Gunther's land. The men + alighted from their steeds before the palace of the king. Loud was heard + the joyous sound of the merry welcome; then order was given to lodge the + warriors in the town. The king bade minister well unto his guests, attend + the wounded and give them good easement. His courtesie was cleverly seen + upon his foes. He spake to Liudegast: "Now be ye welcome. Much damage have + I ta'en because of you; for this I shall now be repaid, if fortune favor. + God reward my kinsmen, for they have given me joy." + </p> + <p> + "Well may ye thank them," answered Liudeger; "such noble hostages hath + king never gained afore. For fair treatment we offer great store of + wealth, that ye may act with mercy towards your foes." + </p> + <p> + "I will let you both go free," spake Gunther, "but I must have surety that + my foes remain here with me, that they do not leave the land against my + will." To that Liudeger pledged his hand. + </p> + <p> + Men brought them to their lodgings and gave them easement. The wounded + were bedded well, and for the sound were poured out good mead and wine. + Never could the comrades have been more merry. Their battered shields were + borne away for keeping, and enow there was of bloody saddles which one + bade hide away, that the ladies might not weep. Many a good knight + returned aweary from the fray. The king did make his guests great cheer. + His lands were full of strangers and of home-folk. He bade ease the sorely + wounded in kindly wise; their haughty pride was now laid low. Men offered + to the leeches rich rewards, silver without weight and thereto shining + gold, if they would heal the heroes from the stress of war. To his guests + the king likewise gave great gifts. Those that were minded to set out for + home, were asked to stay, as one doth to friends. The king bethought him + how he might requite his men, for they had brought to pass his wish for + fame and honor. + </p> + <p> + Then spake Lord Gernot: "Let them ride away, but be it made known to them + that in six weeks they must come again for a mighty feast. By then will + many a one be healed who now lieth sorely wounded." + </p> + <p> + Then Siegfried of Netherland also asked for leave, but when King Gunther + learned his wish, lovingly he bade him stay erstwhile. Were it not for the + king's sister, this were never done. He was too rich to take reward, + though he well deserved it and the king liked him well, as also did the + kinsmen, who had seen what happed in battle through his strength. For the + sake of one fair lady he thought to stay, if perchance he might espy her. + Later it was done, and according to his wish he met the maid. He rode + thereafter joyfully to Siegmund's land. + </p> + <p> + At all times the host bade practice knighthood, and many a youthful knight + did this right gladly. Meanwhile he ordered seats prepared upon the sand + before the town of Worms for those who were to visit him in the Burgundian + land. At the time when they should come, fair Kriemhild heard it said that + the king would hold a feasting for the sake of his dear friends. Then + comely women hasted apace with robes and headgear which they were to don. + The noble Uta heard tales told of the proud warriors who were to come. + Then many rich dresses were taken from the press. To please her children + she bade make garments ready, that many ladies and many maids might + therewith be decked and many youthful knights of the Burgundian land. Also + for many of the strangers she bade fashion lordly robes. + </p> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + ENDNOTES: + (1) "Saxons". This war with the Saxons does not appear in the + poetic "Edda", but was probably introduced into the story + later to provide the heroes with a suitable activity in the + period elapsing between Siegfried's marriage and the journey + to Brunhild's land. (In our poem it is placed before the + marriage.) It reflects the ancient feuds between the Franks + on the one hand and the Saxons and Danes on the other. + Originally Siegfried probably did not take part in it, but + was later introduced and made the leader of the expedition + in place of the king, in accordance with the tendency to + idealize him and to give him everywhere the most important + role. The two opposing leaders are "Liudeger", lord of the + Saxons, and "Liudegast", king of Denmark. In "Biterolf" + Liudeger rules over both Saxons and Danes, and Liudegast is + his brother. + (2) "Fey". This Scotch and older English word has been chosen + to translate the M.H.G. "veige", 'fated', 'doomed', as it is + etymologically the same word. The ancient Germans were + fatalists and believed only those would die in battle whom + fate had so predestined. + (3) "Thirty thousand". The M.H.G. epics are fond of round + numbers and especially of thirty and its multiples. They + will be found to occur very frequently in our poem. See + Lachmann, "Anmerkungen zu den Nibelungen", 474 1. + (4) "Their". The original is obscure here; the meaning is, + 'when he heard with what message they were come, he rued the + haughtiness of the Burgundians'. + (5) "Marks of gold". A mark (Lat. "mares") was half a pound of + gold or silver. +</pre> + <p> + <a name="link2H_4_0009"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + ADVENTURE V. How Siegfried First Saw Kriemhild. + </h2> + <p> + One saw daily riding to the Rhine those who would fain be at the feasting. + Full many of these who for the king's sake were come into the land, were + given steeds and lordly harness. Seats were prepared for all, for the + highest and the best, as we are told, for two and thirty princes at the + feast. For this, too, the fair ladies vied in their attire. Giselher, the + youth, was aught but idle; he and Gernot and all their men received the + friends and strangers. In truth, they gave the knights right courtly + greetings. These brought into the land many a saddle of golden red, dainty + shields and lordly armor to the feasting on the Rhine. Many a wounded man + was seen full merry since. Even those who lay abed in stress of wounds, + must needs forget the bitterness of death. Men ceased to mourn for the + weak and sick and joyed in prospect of the festal day, and how well they + would fare at the feasting of the king. Pleasure without stint and + overabundance of joy pervaded all the folk which there were seen. + Therefore great rejoicing arose throughout the whole of Gunther's land. + </p> + <p> + Upon a Whitsun morning five thousand or more brave men, clad in glad + attire, were seen going forth to the high festal tide. On all sides they + vied with each other in knightly sports. The host marked well, what he + already wet, how from his very heart the hero of Netherland did love his + sister, albeit he had never seen her, whose comeliness men praised above + all maids. Then spake the knight Ortwin to the king: "Would ye have full + honor at your feast, so should ye let be seen the charming maids, who live + in such high honors here in Burgundy. What were the joy of man, what else + could give him pleasure, but pretty maids and noble dames? Pray let your + sister go forth before the guests." To the joy of many a hero was this + counsel given. + </p> + <p> + "This will I gladly do," spake then the king, and all who heard it were + merry at the thought. Then bade he say to the Lady Uta and her comely + daughter, that with their maidens they should come to court. From the + presses they took fair raiment and whatso of rich attire was laid away. Of + rings and ribbons, too, enow they had. Thus each stately maiden decked + herself with zeal. Full many a youthful knight upon that day was of the + mind that he was so fair to look upon for ladies, that he would not + exchange this chance for the lands of any mighty king. Gladly they gazed + on those whom till now they had not known. Then bade the mighty king full + a hundred of his men, who were his kin and hers, escort his sister and + serve her thus. These were the court retainers of the Burgundian land and + carried swords in hand. Soon one saw the noble Uta coming with her child. + Full hundred or more fair ladies had she taken for her train, who wore + rich robes. Likewise there followed her daughter many a stately maid. When + from out a bower men saw them come, there rose a mighty press of knights + who had the hope, if that might be, to gaze with joy upon the noble maid. + Now came she forth, the lovely fair, as doth the red of dawn from out the + lowering clouds. He then was reft of many woes who bore her in his heart + so long a time, when he saw the lovely maid stand forth so glorious. How + shone full many a precious stone upon her robes! In lovely wise her + rose-red hue appeared. Whatever one might wish, he could not but confess + that never in the world had he beheld a fairer maid. As the radiant moon, + whose sheen is thrown so brightly on the clouds, doth stand before the + stars, so stood she now before full many a stately dame. Therefore higher + rose the spirits of the comely knights. Richly appareled chamberlains + marched on in front, while the high-mettled warriors forsooth must press + where they might see the lovely maid. At this Lord Siegfried felt both joy + and dole. To himself he thought: "How could that chance, that I should + love thee? That is a foolish dream. But if I now must lose thee, then were + I better dead." At thought of this his color came and went. There stood + the son of Siegmund in such dainty grace, as he were limned on parchment + by skillful master's art. Indeed 'twas said of him that never had so fair + a knight been seen. The escort of the ladies now bade everywhere give way + and many a man obeyed. These high-born hearts rejoiced full many a wight, + as thus so many a noble dame appeared in courtly bearing. + </p> + <p> + Then spake Lord Gernot of Burgundy: "Dear brother Gunther, him who offered + service in such kindly wise, ye should in like manner requite before these + knights; nor shall I ever rue this counsel. Bid Siegfried now approach my + sister, that the maid may greet him; this will ever be our gain. She who + never greeted warrior shall greet him fair, that by this means we now may + win the stately knight." + </p> + <p> + Then went the kinsmen of the host to fetch the hero. To the champion from + Netherland they spake: "You hath the king permitted to go to court; his + sister is to greet you. This hath he decreed to do you honor." + </p> + <p> + At this the lord grew blithe of mood, for in his heart he bare joy without + alloy, that he thus should see fair Uta's child. With lovely grace she + greeted Siegfried then, but when she saw the haughty knight stand thus + before her, her cheeks flamed bright. "Be welcome, Sir Siegfried, most + good and noble knight," the fair maid spake, and at this greeting his + spirits mounted high. Courteously he made obeisance; she took him by the + hand. How gallantly he walked by the lady's side! Upon each other this + lord and lady gazed with kindling eyes. Full secretly this happed. Was + perchance a white hand there fervently pressed by heart-felt love? That + know I not; yet I cannot believe that this was left undone, for soon had + she betrayed to him her love. Nevermore in summertide nor in the days of + May bare he within his heart such lofty joy as now he gained, when hand in + hand he walked with her whom he fain would call his love. + </p> + <p> + Then thought full many a knight: "Had that but happed to me, to walk thus + with her hand in hand, as now I see him do, or to lie beside her, I'd bear + it willingly." + </p> + <p> + Never has warrior better served to gain a queen. From whatever land the + guests were come, all gazed alike upon this pair alone. She then was + bidden kiss the stately man, to whom no such delight had ever happened in + this world. + </p> + <p> + Then spake the king of Denmark: "Because of this high greeting many a + warrior lieth wounded (this wot I well), through Siegfried's hand. God + grant that he may never come again to my kingly lands." + </p> + <p> + On all sides they bade make way for Kriemhild, as thus to church one saw + her go with many a valiant knight in courtly wise. Then soon the stately + knight was parted from her side. Thus went she to the minster, followed by + many a dame. So full of graces was this queenly maid that many a daring + wish must needs be lost. Born she was to be the eyes' delight of many a + knight. Siegfried scarce could wait till mass was sung. Well might he + think his fortune that she did favor him, whom thus he bare in heart. + Cause enow he had to love the fair. + </p> + <p> + When she came forth from out the minster, they begged the gallant knight + again to bear her company, as he had done afore. Then first the lovely + maid began to thank him that he had fought so gloriously before so many + knights. "Now God requite you, Sir Siegfried," spake the comely maid, + "that ye have brought to pass with your service, that the warriors do love + you with such fealty as I hear them say." + </p> + <p> + Then upon Dame Kriemhild he began to gaze in loving wise. "I will serve + them ever," spake then the knight, "and while life shall last, never will + I lay my head to rest till I have done their will; and this I do, my Lady + Kriemhild, to win your love." + </p> + <p> + A twelfth-night long, on each and every day, one saw the winsome maid + beside the knight, when she should go to court to meet her kin. This + service was done from sheer delight. A great rout of joy and pleasure was + daily seen in front of Gunther's hall, without and eke within, from many a + daring man. Ortwin and Hagen began to do great marvels. Whatever any + wished to play, these lusty knights were fully ready; thus they became + well known to all the guests and so the whole of Gunther's land was decked + with honor. Those who had lain wounded were now seen coming forth; they, + too, would fain have pastime with the troop and guard themselves with + bucklers and hurl the shaft. Enow there were to help them, for there was + great store of men. + </p> + <p> + At the feasting the host bade purvey them with the best of cheer. He kept + him free from every form of blame that might befall a king; men saw him + move in friendly wise among his guests. He spake: "Ye worthy knights, ere + ye go hence, pray take my gifts. I am minded to deserve it of you ever. Do + not disdain my goods, the which I'll share with you, as I have great + desire." + </p> + <p> + Then up spake they of Denmark: "Ere we ride homeward to our land, we crave + a lasting peace; we knights have need thereof, for many a one of our + kinsmen lieth dead at the hands of your men-at-arms." + </p> + <p> + Liudegast, the Saxon chief, was now cured of his wounds and had recovered + from the fray, though many dead they left within this land. Then King + Gunther went to find Sir Siegfried; to the knight he spake: "Now tell me + what to do. Our foes would fain ride early and beg for lasting peace of me + and of my men. Advise me now, Knight Siegfried, what thinketh thee good to + do? What the lordings offer me will I tell thee; what of gold five hundred + steeds can bear, that would they gladly give me, and I set them free + again." + </p> + <p> + Then spake the mighty Siegfried: "That were done but ill. Let them ride + hence unhindered, but make each of the lordings give surety with his hand, + that their noble knights henceforth forbear all hostile riding hither to + your land." + </p> + <p> + "This counsel will I follow." Herewith they parted, and to the king's foes + was told that no one craved the gold they proffered. For their loved + friends at home the battle-weary warriors longed. Many a shield full of + treasure was then brought forth which the king dealt out unweighed to his + many friends, to each five hundred marks of gold, and to a few, still + more. Gernot, the brave, had counseled Gunther this. Then they all took + leave, sith they would hence. One saw the guests draw nigh to Kriemhild + and also to where Dame Uta sate. Never yet were knights dismissed in + better wise. Lodgings grew empty as they rode away, but still there stayed + at home the king and all his kin and many a noble liegeman. Daily they + were seen as they went to Lady Kriemhild. The good knight Siegfried now + would likewise take his leave; he weened not to win that on which his mind + was set. The king heard said that he would hence, but Giselher, the youth, + quite won him from the journey. + </p> + <p> + "Whither would ye ride now, noble Siegfried? Pray tarry with the knights, + I beg you, with Gunther the king and with his men. Here, too, are many + comely dames whom we shall gladly let you see." + </p> + <p> + Then spake the mighty Siegfried: "Let stand the steeds. I listed to ride + hence, but now will I desist. The shields, too, bear away. To my land I + craved to go, in truth, but Giselher with his great love hath turned me + from it." + </p> + <p> + So the valiant knight stayed on to please his friends, nor could he have + fared more gentilly in any land. This happed because he daily saw + Kriemhild, the fair; for the sake of her unmeasured beauty the lording + stayed. With many a pastime they whiled the hours away, but still her love + constrained him and often gave him dole. Because of this same love in + later days the valiant knight lay pitiful in death. + </p> + <p> + <a name="link2H_4_0010"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + ADVENTURE VI. How Gunther Fared To Isenland (1) for Brunhild. + </h2> + <p> + New tidings came across the Rhine. 'Twas said that yonder many a fair maid + dwelt. The good king Gunther thought to win him one of these; high + therefore rose the warrior's spirits. There lived a queen beyond the sea, + whose like men knew not anywhere. Peerless was her beauty and great her + strength. With doughty knights she shot the shaft for love. The stone she + hurled afar and sprang far after it. He who craved her love must win + without fail three games from this high-born dame. When the noble maid had + done this passing oft, a stately knight did hear it by the Rhine. He + turned his thoughts upon this comely dame, and so heroes must needs later + lose their lives. + </p> + <p> + One day when the king and his vassals sate and pondered to and fro in many + a wise, whom their lord might take to wife, who would be fit to be their + lady and beseem the land, up spake the lord of the Rhinelands: "I will go + down to the sea and hence to Brunhild, however it may go with me. For her + love I'll risk my life. I will gladly lose it and she become not my wife." + </p> + <p> + "Against that do I counsel you," spake then Siegfried, "if, as ye say, the + queen doth have so fierce a wont, he who wooeth for her love will pay full + dear. Therefore should ye give over the journey." + </p> + <p> + Then spake King Gunther: "Never was woman born so strong and bold that I + might not vanquish her with mine own hand." + </p> + <p> + "Be still," spake Siegfried, "ye little know her strength." + </p> + <p> + "So will I advise you," spake Hagen then, "that ye beg Siegfried to share + with you this heavy task. This is my rede, sith he doth know so well how + matters stand with Brunhild." + </p> + <p> + The king spake: "Wilt thou help me, noble Siegfried, to woo this lovely + maid? And thou doest what I pray thee and this comely dame become my love, + for thy sake will I risk both life and honor." + </p> + <p> + To this Siegfried, the son of Siegmund, answered: "I will do it, and thou + give me thy sister Kriemhild, the noble queen. For my pains I ask no other + meed." + </p> + <p> + "I'll pledge that, Siegfried, in thy hand," spake then Gunther, "and if + fair Brunhild come hither to this land, I'll give thee my sister unto + wife. Then canst thou live ever merrily with the fair." + </p> + <p> + This the noble warriors swore oaths to do, and so the greater grew their + hardships, till they brought the lady to the Rhine. On this account these + brave men must later be in passing danger. Siegfried had to take with him + hence the cloak which he, the bold hero, had won 'mid dangers from a + dwarf, Alberich he hight. These bold and mighty knights now made them + ready for the journey. When Siegfried wore the Cloak of Darkness he had + strength enow: the force of full twelve men beside his own. With cunning + arts he won the royal maid. This cloak was fashioned so, that whatsoever + any wrought within it, none saw him. Thus he won Brunhild, which brought + him dole. + </p> + <p> + "Now tell me, good Knight Siegfried, before our trip begin, shall we not + take warriors with us into Brunhild's land, that we may come with passing + honors to the sea? Thirty thousand men-at-arms can soon be called." + </p> + <p> + "However many men we take," quoth Siegfried, "the queen doth use so fierce + a wont that they must perish through her haughty pride. I'll give thee + better counsel, O brave and worthy king. Let us fare as wandering knights + adown the Rhine, and I will tell thee those that shall be of the band. In + all four knights, we'll journey to the sea and thus we'll woo the lady, + whatever be our fate thereafter. I shall be one of the four comrades, the + second thou shalt be. Let Hagen be the third (then have we hope of life), + Dankwart then the fourth, the valiant man. A thousand others durst not + match us in the fight." + </p> + <p> + "Gladly would I know," spake then the king, "ere we go hence ('t would + please me much), what garments we should wear before Brunhild, which would + beseem us there. Pray tell this now to Gunther." + </p> + <p> + "Weeds of the very best which can be found are worn all times in + Brunhild's land. We must wear rich clothes before the lady, that we feel + no shame when men shall hear the tidings told." + </p> + <p> + The good knight spake: "Then will I go myself to my dear mother, if + perchance I can bring it to pass that her fair maids purvey us garments + which we may wear with honor before the high-born maid." + </p> + <p> + Hagen of Troneg spake then in lordly wise: "Wherefore will ye pray your + mother of such service? Let your sister hear what ye have in mind, and + she'll purvey you well for your journey to Brunhild's court." + </p> + <p> + Then sent he word to his sister, that he would fain see her, and Knight + Siegfried, too, sent word. Ere this happed the fair had clad her passing + well. That these brave men were coming, gave her little grief. Now were + her attendants, too, arrayed in seemly wise. The lordings came, and when + she heard the tale, from her seat she rose and walked in courtly wise to + greet the noble stranger and her brother, too. + </p> + <p> + "Welcome be my brother and his comrade. I'd gladly know," so spake the + maid, "what ye lords desire, sith ye be thus come to court. Pray let me + hear how it standeth with you noble knights." + </p> + <p> + Then spake king Gunther: "My lady, I'll tell you now. Maugre our lofty + mood, yet have we mickle care. We would ride a-wooing far into foreign + lands, and for this journey we have need of costly robes." + </p> + <p> + "Now sit you down, dear brother," spake the royal maid, "and let me hear + aright who these ladies be whom ye fain would woo in the lands of other + kings." + </p> + <p> + By the hand the lady took the chosen knights and with the twain she walked + to where she sate afore upon a couch, worked, as well I wot, with dainty + figures embossed in gold. There might they have fair pastime with the + ladies. Friendly glances and kindly looks passed now full oft between the + twain. In his heart he bare her, she was dear to him as life. In after + days fair Kriemhild became strong Siegfried's wife. + </p> + <p> + Then spake the mighty king: "Dear sister mine, without thy help it may not + be. We would go for knightly pastime to Brunhild's land, and have need of + princely garb to wear before the dames." + </p> + <p> + Then the noble maiden answered: "Dear brother mine, I do you now to wit, + that whatever need ye have of help of mine, that stand I ready to give. + Should any deny you aught, 't would please Kriemhild but ill. Most noble + knights, beseech me not with such concern, but order me with lordly air to + do whatso ye list. I stand at your bidding and will do it with a will." So + spake the winsome maid. + </p> + <p> + "We would fain, dear sister, wear good attire, and this your noble hand + shall help to choose. Your maidens then must make it fit us, for there be + no help against this journey." Then spake the princess: "Now mark ye what + I say. Silks I have myself; see ye that men do bring us jewels upon the + shields and thus we'll work the clothes. Gunther and Siegfried, too, gave + glad assent. + </p> + <p> + "Who are the comrades," spake the queen, "who shall fare with you thus + clad to court?" + </p> + <p> + He spake: "I shall be one of four. My liegemen twain, Dankwart and Hagen, + shall go with me to court. Now mark ye well, my lady, what I say. Each of + us four must have to wear for four whole days three changes of apparel and + such goodly trappings that without shame we may quit Brunhild's land." + </p> + <p> + In fitting wise the lords took leave and parted hence. Kriemhild, the + queen, bade thirty of her maidens who were skillful in such work, come + forth from out their bowers. Silks of Araby, white as snow, and the fair + silk of Zazamanc, (2) green as is the clover, they overlaid with precious + stones; that gave garments passing fair. Kriemhild herself, the high-born + maiden, cut them out. Whatso they had at hand of well-wrought linings from + the skin of foreign fish, but rarely seen of folk, they covered now with + silk, as was the wont to wear. (3) Now hear great marvels of these shining + weeds. From the kingdom of Morocco and from Libya, too, they had great + store of the fairest silks which the kith of any king did ever win. + Kriemhild made it well appear what love she bore the twain. Sith upon the + proud journey they had set their minds, they deemed ermine to be well fit. + (4) Upon this lay fine silk as black as coal. This would still beseem all + doughty knights at high festal tides. From out a setting of Arabian gold + there shone forth many a stone. The ladies' zeal, it was not small, + forsooth; in seven weeks they wrought the robes. Ready, too, were the + weapons for the right good knights. + </p> + <p> + When now they all stood dight, (5) there was built for them in haste upon + the Rhine a sturdy little skiff, that should bear them downward to the + sea. Weary were the noble maids from all their cares. Then the warriors + were told that the brave vestures they should wear were now prepared; as + they had craved it, so it now was done. Then no longer would they tarry on + the Rhine; they sent a message to their war-companions, if perchance they + should care to view their new attire, to see if it be too long or short. + All was found in fitting measure, and for this they gave the ladies + thanks. All who saw them could not but aver that never in the world had + they seen attire more fair. Therefore they wore it gladly at the court. + None wist how to tell of better knightly weeds. Nor did they fail to give + great thanks. Then the lusty knights craved leave to go, and this the + lordings did in courtly wise. Bright eyes grew dim and moist thereat from + weeping. + </p> + <p> + Kriemhild spake: "Dear brother, ye might better tarry here a while and pay + court to other dames, where ye would not so risk your life; then would I + say well done. Ye might find nearer home a wife of as high a birth." + </p> + <p> + I ween their hearts did tell them what would hap. All wept alike, no + matter what men said. The gold upon their breasts was tarnished by their + tears, which thick and fast coursed downward from their eyes. + </p> + <p> + She spake: "Sir Siegfried, let this dear brother of mine be commended to + your fealty and troth, that naught may harm him in Brunhild's land." This + the full brave knight vowed in Lady Kriemhild's hand. + </p> + <p> + The mighty warrior spake: "If I lose not my life, ye may be free from + every care, my lady. I'll bring him to you sound again hither to the + Rhine; that know of a surety." The fair maid bowed her thanks. + </p> + <p> + Men bare their gold-hued shields out to them upon the sands and brought + them all their harness. One bade lead up the steeds, for they would ride + away. Much weeping then was done by comely dames. The winsome maids stood + at the easements. A high wind stirred the ship and sails; the proud war + fellowship embarked upon the Rhine. + </p> + <p> + Then spake King Gunther: "Who shall be the captain of the ship?" + </p> + <p> + "That will I," quoth Siegfried, "I wot well how to steer you on the flood. + That know, good knights, the right water ways be well known to me." + </p> + <p> + So they parted merrily from out the Burgundian land. Siegfried quickly + grasped an oar and from the shore the stalwart man gan push. Bold Gunther + took the helm himself, and thus the worshipful and speedy knights set + forth from land. With them they took rich food and eke good wine, the best + that could be found along the Rhine. Their steeds stood fair; they had + good easement. Their ship rode well; scant harm did hap them. Their stout + sheet-rope was tightened by the breeze. Twenty leagues they sailed, or + ever came the night, with a good wind, downward toward the sea. These hard + toils later brought the high-mettled warriors pain. + </p> + <p> + Upon the twelfth-day morning, as we hear say, the winds had borne them far + away to Isenstein in Brunhild's land. To none save Siegfried was this + known; but when King Gunther spied so many castles and broad marches, too, + how soon he spake: "Pray tell me, friend Siegfried, is it known to you + whose are these castles and this lordly land?" + </p> + <p> + Siegfried answered: "I know it well. It is the land and folk of Brunhild + and the fortress Isenstein, as ye heard me say. Fair ladies ye may still + see there to-day. Methinketh good to advise you heroes that ye be of one + single mind, and that ye tell the selfsame tale. For if we go to-day + before Brunhild, in much jeopardy must we stand before the queen. When we + behold the lovely maiden with her train, then, ye far-famed heroes, must + ye tell but this single tale: that Gunther be my master and I his man; + then what he craveth will come to pass." Full ready they were for whatever + he bade them vow, nor because of pride did any one abstain. They promised + what he would; wherefrom they all fared well, when King Gunther saw fair + Brunhild. (6) + </p> + <p> + "Forsooth I vow it less for thy sake than for thy sister's, the comely + maid, who is to me as mine own soul and body. Gladly will I bring it to + pass, that she become my wife." + </p> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + ENDNOTES: + (1) "Isenland" translates here M.H.G. "Islant", which has, + however, no connection with Iceland in spite of the + agreement of the names in German. "Isen lant", the reading + of the MSS. BJh, has been chosen, partly to avoid confusion, + and partly to indicate its probable derivation from + "Isenstein", the name of Brunhild's castle. Boer's + interpretation of "Isen" as 'ice' finds corroboration in + Otfrid's form "isine steina" ('ice stones', i.e. crystals) + I, 1. 70. Isenstein would then mean Ice Castle. In the + "Thidreksaga" Brunhild's castle is called "Saegarthr" ('Sea + Garden'), and in a fairy tale (No. 93 of Grimm) "Stromberg", + referring to the fact that it was surrounded by the sea. + Here, too, in our poem it stands directly on the shore. + (2) "Zazamanc", a fictitious kingdom mentioned only here and a + few times in Parzival, Wolfram probably having obtained the + name from this passage. (See Bartsch, "Germanistische + Studien", ii, 129.) + (3) "Wont to wear". In the Middle Ages costly furs and + fish-skins were used as linings and covered, as here + described, with silk or cloth. By fish such amphibious + animals as otter and beaver were often meant. + (4) "Well fit". In this passage "wert", the reading of A and D, + has been followed, instead of unwert of B and C, as it seems + more appropriate to the sense. + (5) "Dight", 'arrayed'; used by Milton. + (6) "Brunhild". The following words are evidently a late + interpolation, and weaken the ending, but have been + translated for the sake of completeness. They are spoken by + Siegfried. +</pre> + <p> + <a name="link2H_4_0011"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + ADVENTURE VII. How Gunther Won Brunhild. + </h2> + <p> + Meanwhile their bark had come so near the castle that the king saw many a + comely maiden standing at the casements. Much it irked King Gunther that + he knew them not. He asked his comrade Siegfried: "Hast thou no knowledge + of these maidens, who yonder are gazing downward towards us on the flood? + Whoever be their lord, they are of lofty mood." + </p> + <p> + At this Sir Siegfried spake: "I pray you, spy secretly among the high-born + maids and tell me then whom ye would choose, and ye had the power." + </p> + <p> + "That will I," spake Gunther, the bold and valiant knight. "In yonder + window do I see one stand in snow-white weeds. She is fashioned so fair + that mine eyes would choose her for her comeliness. Had I power, she + should become my wife." + </p> + <p> + "Right well thine eyes have chosen for thee. It is the noble Brunhild, the + comely maid, for whom thy heart doth strive and eke thy mind and mood." + All her bearing seemed to Gunther good. + </p> + <p> + When bade the queen her high-born maids go from the windows, for it + behooved them not to be the mark of strangers' eyes. Each one obeyed. What + next the ladies did, hath been told us since. They decked their persons + out to meet the unknown knights, a way fair maids have ever had. To the + narrow casements they came again, where they had seen the knights. Through + love of gazing this was done. + </p> + <p> + But four there were that were come to land. Through the windows the + stately women saw how Siegfried led a horse out on the sand, whereby King + Gunther felt himself much honored. By the bridle he held the steed, so + stately, good and fair, and large and strong, until King Gunther had sat + him in the saddle. Thus Siegfried served him, the which he later quite + forgot. Such service he had seldom done afore, that he should stand at any + here's stirrup. Then he led his own steed from the ship. All this the + comely dames of noble birth saw through the casements. The steeds and + garments, too, of the lusty knights, of snow-white hue, were right well + matched and all alike; the bucklers, fashioned well, gleamed in the hands + of the stately men. In lordly wise they rode to Brunhild's hall, their + saddles set with precious stones, with narrow martingales, from which hung + bells of bright and ruddy gold. So they came to the land, as well befit + their prowess, with newly sharpened spears, with well-wrought swords, the + which hung down to the spurs of these stately men. The swords the bold men + bore were sharp and broad. All this Brunhild, the high-born maid, espied. + </p> + <p> + With the king came Dankwart and Hagen, too. We have heard tales told of + how the knights wore costly raiment, raven black of hue. Fair were their + bucklers, mickle, good and broad. Jewels they wore from the land of India, + the which gleamed gloriously upon their weeds. By the flood they left + their skiff without a guard. Thus the brave knights and good rode to the + castle. Six and eighty towers they saw within, three broad palaces, (1) + and one hall well wrought of costly marble, green as grass, wherein + Brunhild herself sate with her courtiers. The castle was unlocked and the + gates flung wide. Then ran Brunhild's men to meet them and welcomed the + strangers into their mistress' land. One bade relieve them of their steeds + and shields. + </p> + <p> + Then spake a chamberlain: "Pray give us now your swords and your shining + breastplates, too." + </p> + <p> + "That we may not grant you," said Hagen of Troneg; "we ourselves will bear + them." + </p> + <p> + Then gan Siegfried tell aright the tale. "The usage of the castle, let me + say, is such that no guests may here bear arms. Let them now be taken + hence, then will all be well." + </p> + <p> + Unwillingly Hagen, Gunther's man, obeyed. For the strangers men bade pour + out wine and make their lodgings ready. Many doughty knights were seen + walking everywhere at court in lordly weeds. Mickle and oft were these + heroes gazed upon. + </p> + <p> + Then the tidings were told to Lady Brunhild, that unknown warriors were + come in lordly raiment, sailing on the flood. The fair and worthy maid gan + ask concerning this. "Pray let me hear," spake the queen, "who be these + unknown knights, who stand so lordly in my castle, and for whose sake the + heroes have journeyed hither?" + </p> + <p> + Then spake one of the courtiers: "My lady, I can well say that never have + I set eyes on any of them, but one like Siegfried doth stand among them. + Him ye should give fair greetings; that is my rede, in truth. The second + of their fellowship is so worthy of praise that he were easily a mighty + king over broad and princely lands, and he had the power and might possess + them. One doth see him stand by the rest in such right lordly wise. The + third of the fellowship is so fierce and yet withal so fair of body, most + noble queen. By the fierce glances he so oft doth east, I ween he be grim + of thought and mood. The youngest among them is worshipful indeed. I see + the noble knight stand so charmingly, with courtly bearing, in almost + maiden modesty. We might all have cause for fear, had any done him aught. + However blithely he doth practice chivalry, and howso fair of body he be, + yet might he well make many a comely woman weep, should he e'er grow + angry. He is so fashioned that in all knightly virtues he must be a bold + knight and a brave." + </p> + <p> + Then spake the queen: "Now bring me my attire. If the mighty Siegfried be + come unto this land through love of mine, he doth risk his life. I fear + him not so sore, that I should become his wife." + </p> + <p> + Brunhild, the fair, was soon well clad. Then went there with her many a + comely maid, full hundred or more, decked out in gay attire. The stately + dames would gaze upon the strangers. With them there walked good knights + from Isenland, Brunhild's men-at-arms, five hundred or more, who bore + swords in hand. This the strangers rued. From their seats then the brave + and lusty heroes rose. When that the queen spied Siegfried, now hear what + the maid did speak. + </p> + <p> + "Be ye welcome, Siegfried, here in this our land! What doth your journey + mean? That I fain would know." + </p> + <p> + "Gramercy, my Lady Brunhild, that ye have deigned to greet me, most + generous queen, in the presence of this noble knight who standeth here + before me, for he is my liege lord. This honor I must needs forswear. By + birth he's from the Rhine; what more need I to say? For thy sake are we + come hither. Fain would he woo thee, however he fare. Methink thee now + betimes, my lord will not let thee go. He is hight Gunther and is a lordly + king. An' he win thy love, he doth crave naught more. Forsooth this + knight, so well beseen, did bid me journey hither. I would fain have given + it over, could I have said him nay." + </p> + <p> + She spake: "Is he thy liege and thou his man, dare he assay the games + which I mete out and gain the mastery, then I'll become his wife; but + should I win, 't will cost you all your lives." + </p> + <p> + Then up spake Hagen of Troneg: "My lady, let us see your mighty games. It + must indeed go hard, or ever Gunther, my lord, give you the palm. He + troweth well to win so fair a maid." + </p> + <p> + "He must hurl the stone and after spring and cast the spear with me. Be ye + not too hasty. Ye are like to lose here your honor and your life as well. + Bethink you therefore rightly," spake the lovely maid. + </p> + <p> + Siegfried, the bold, went to the king and bade him tell the queen all that + he had in mind, he should have no fear. "I'll guard you well against her + with my arts." + </p> + <p> + Then spake King Gunther: "Most noble queen, now mete out whatso ye list, + and were it more, that would I all endure for your sweet sake. I'll gladly + lose my head, and ye become not my wife." + </p> + <p> + When the queen heard this speech, she begged them hasten to the games, as + was but meet. She bade purvey her with good armor for the strife: a + breastplate of ruddy gold and a right good shield. A silken surcoat, (2) + too, the maid put on, which sword had never cut in any fray, of silken + cloth of Libya. Well was it wrought. Bright embroidered edging was seen to + shine thereon. + </p> + <p> + Meanwhile the knights were threatened much with battle cries. Dankwart and + Hagen stood ill at ease; their minds were troubled at the thought of how + the king would speed. Thought they: "Our journey will not bring us + warriors aught of good." + </p> + <p> + Meanwhile Siegfried, the stately man, or ever any marked it, had hied him + to the ship, where he found his magic cloak concealed. Into it he quickly + slipped and so was seen of none. He hurried back and there he found a + great press of knights, where the queen dealt out her lofty games. Thither + he went in secret wise (by his arts it happed), nor was he seen of any + that were there. The ring had been marked out, where the games should be, + afore many valiant warriors, who were to view them there. More than seven + hundred were seen bearing arms, who were to say who won the game. + </p> + <p> + Then was come Brunhild, armed as though she would battle for all royal + lands. Above her silken coat she wore many a bar of gold; gloriously her + lovely color shone beneath the armor. Then came her courtiers, who bare + along a shield of ruddy gold with large broad strips as hard as steel, + beneath the which the lovely maid would fight. As shield-thong there + served a costly band upon which lay jewels green as grass. It shone and + gleamed against the gold. He must needs be passing bold, to whom the maid + would show her love. The shield the maid should bear was three spans thick + beneath the studs, as we are told. Rich enow it was, of steel and eke of + gold, the which four chamberlains could scarcely carry. + </p> + <p> + When the stalwart Hagen saw the shield borne forth, the knight of Troneg + spake full grim of mood: "How now, King Gunther? How we shall lose our + lives! She you would make your love is the devil's bride, in truth." + </p> + <p> + Hear now about her weeds; enow of these she had; she wore a surcoat of + silk of Azagouc, (3) noble and costly. Many a lordly stone shone in + contrast to its color on the person of the queen. + </p> + <p> + Then was brought forth for the lady a spear, sharp, heavy, and large, the + which she cast all time, stout and unwieldy, mickle and broad, which on + its edges cut most fearfully. Of the spear's great weight hear wonders + told. Three and one half weights (4) of iron were wrought therein, the + which scarce three of Brunhild's men could bear. The noble Gunther gan be + sore afraid. Within his heart he thought: "What doth this mean? How could + the devil from hell himself escape alive? Were I safe and sound in + Burgundy, long might she live here free of any love of mine." + </p> + <p> + Then spake Hagen's brother, the valiant Dankwart: "The journey to this + court doth rue me sore. We who have ever borne the name of knights, how + must we lose our lives! Shall we now perish at the hands of women in these + lands? It doth irk me much, that ever I came unto this country. Had but my + brother Hagen his sword in hand, and I mine, too, then should Brunhild's + men go softly in their overweening pride. This know for sure, they'd guard + against it well. And had I sworn a peace with a thousand oaths, before I'd + see my dear lord die, the comely maid herself should lose her life." + </p> + <p> + "We might leave this land unscathed," spake then his brother Hagen, "had + we the harness which we sorely need and our good swords as well; then + would the pride of this strong dame become a deal more soft." + </p> + <p> + What the warrior spake the noble maid heard well. Over her shoulders she + gazed with smiling mouth. "Now sith he thinketh himself so brave, bring + them forth their coats-of-mail; put in the warriors' hands their + sharp-edged swords." + </p> + <p> + When they received their weapons as the maiden bade, bold Dankwart blushed + for very joy. "Now let them play whatso they list," spake the doughty man. + "Gunther is unconquered, since now we have our arms." + </p> + <p> + Mightily now did Brunhild's strength appear. Into the ring men bare a + heavy stone, huge and great, mickle and round. Twelve brave and valiant + men-at-arms could scarcely bear it. This she threw at all times, when she + had shot the spear. The Burgundians' fear now grew amain. + </p> + <p> + "Woe is me," cried Hagen. "Whom hath King Gunther chosen for a love? + Certes she should be the foul fiend's bride in hell." + </p> + <p> + Upon her fair white arm the maid turned back her sleeves; with her hands + she grasped the shield and poised the spear on high. Thus the strife + began. Gunther and Siegfried feared Brunhild's hate, and had Siegfried not + come to Gunther's aid, she would have bereft the king of life. Secretly + Siegfried went and touched his hand; with great fear Gunther marked his + wiles. "Who hath touched me?" thought the valiant man. Then he gazed + around on every side, but saw none standing there. + </p> + <p> + "'Tis I, Siegfried, the dear friend of thine. Thou must not fear the + queen. Give me the shield from off thy hand and let me bear it and mark + aright what thou dost hear me say. Make thou the motions, I will do the + deeds." + </p> + <p> + When Gunther knew that it was Siegfried, he was overjoyed. + </p> + <p> + Quoth Siegfried: "Now hide thou my arts; tell them not to any man; then + can the queen win from thee little fame, albeit she doth desire it. See + how fearlessly the lady standeth now before thee." + </p> + <p> + Then with might and main the noble maiden hurled the spear at a shield, + mickle, new, and broad, which the son of Siegelind bore upon his arm. The + sparks sprang from the steel, as if the wind did blow. The edge of the + mighty spear broke fully through the shield, so that men saw the fire + flame forth from the armor rings. The stalwart men both staggered at the + blow; but for the Cloak of Darkness they had lain there dead. From the + mouth of Siegfried, the brave, gushed forth the blood. Quickly the good + knight sprang back again and snatched the spear that she had driven + through his shield. Stout Siegfried's hand now sent it back again. He + thought: "I will not pierce the comely maid." So he reversed the point and + cast it at her armor with the butt, that it rang out loudly from his + mighty hand. The sparks flew from the armor rings, as though driven by the + wind. Siegmund's son had made the throw with might. With all her strength + she could not stand before the blow. In faith King Gunther never could + have done the deed. + </p> + <p> + Brunhild, the fair, how quickly up she sprang! "Gunther, noble knight, I + cry you mercy for the shot." She weened that he had done it with his + strength. To her had crept a far more powerful man. Then went she quickly, + angry was her mood. The noble maid and good raised high the stone and + hurled it mightily far from her hand. After the cast she sprang, that all + her armor rang, in truth. The stone had fallen twelve fathoms hence, but + with her leap the comely maid out-sprang the throw. Then went Sir + Siegfried to where lay the stone. Gunther poised it, while the hero made + the throw. Siegfried was bold, strong, and tall; he threw the stone still + further and made a broader jump. Through his fair arts he had strength + enow to bear King Gunther with him as he sprang. The leap was made, the + stone lay on the ground; men saw none other save Gunther, the knight, + alone. Siegfried had banished the fear of King Gunther's death. Brunhild, + the fair, waxed red with wrath. To her courtiers she spake a deal too + loud, when she spied the hero safe and sound at the border of the ring: + "Come nearer quickly, ye kinsmen and liegemen of mine, ye must now be + subject to Gunther, the king." + </p> + <p> + Then the brave knights laid aside their arms and paid their homage at the + feet of mighty Gunther from the Burgundian land. They weened that he had + won the games by his own strength alone. He greeted them in loving wise; + in sooth he was most rich in virtues. + </p> + <p> + Then the lovely maiden took him by the hand; full power she granted him + within the land. At this Hagen, the bold and doughty knight, rejoiced him. + She bade the noble knight go with her hence to the spacious palace. When + this was done, they gave the warriors with their service better cheer. + With good grace Hagen and Dankwart now must needs submit. The doughty + Siegfried was wise enow and bare away his magic cloak. Then he repaired to + where the ladies sate. To the king he spake and shrewdly did he this: "Why + wait ye, good my lord? Why begin ye not the games, of which the queen doth + deal so great a store? Let us soon see how they be played." The crafty man + did not as though he wist not a whit thereof. + </p> + <p> + Then spake the Queen: "How hath it chanced that ye, Sir Siegfried, have + seen naught of the games which the hand of Gunther here hath won?" + </p> + <p> + To this Hagen of the Burgundian land made answer. He spake: "Ye have made + us sad of mind, my lady. Siegfried, the good knight, was by the ship when + the lord of the Rhineland won from you the games. He knoweth naught + thereof." + </p> + <p> + "Well is me of this tale," spake Siegfried, the knight, "that your pride + hath been brought thus low, and that there doth live a wight who hath the + power to be your master. Now, O noble maiden, must ye follow us hence to + the Rhine." + </p> + <p> + Then spake the fair-fashioned maid: "That may not be. First must my kith + and liegemen learn of this. Certes, I may not so lightly void my lands; my + dearest friends must first be fetched." + </p> + <p> + Then bade she messengers ride on every side. She called her friends, her + kinsmen, and her men-at-arms and begged them come without delay to + Isenstein, and bade them all be given lordly and rich apparel. Daily, + early and late, they rode in troops to Brunhild's castle. + </p> + <p> + "Welaway," cried Hagen, "what have we done! We may ill abide the coming of + fair Brunhild's men. If now they come into this land in force, then hath + the noble maid been born to our great rue. The will of the queen is + unknown to us; what if she be so wroth that we be lost?" + </p> + <p> + Then the stalwart Siegfried spake: "Of that I'll have care. I'll not let + hap that which ye fear. I'll bring you help hither to this land, from + chosen knights the which till now ye have not known. Ye must not ask about + me; I will fare hence. Meanwhile may God preserve your honor. I'll return + eftsoon and bring you a thousand men, the very best of knights that I have + ever known." + </p> + <p> + "Pray tarry not too long," spake then the king; "of your help we be justly + glad." + </p> + <p> + He answered: "In a few short days I'll come again. Tell ye to Brunhild, + that ye've sent me hence." + </p> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + ENDNOTES: + (1) "Palaces". See Adventure III, note 7. + (2) "Surcoat", which here translates the M.H.G. "wafenhemde", is + a light garment of cloth or silk worn above the armor. + (3) "Azagouc". See Zazamanc, Adventure VI, note 2. This + strophe is evidently a late interpolation, as it contradicts + the description given above. + (4) Weights. The M.H.G. "messe" (Lat. "massa") is just as + indefinite as the English expression. It was a mass or lump + of any metal, probably determined by the size of the + melting-pot. +</pre> + <p> + <a name="link2H_4_0012"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + ADVENTURE VIII. How Siegfried Fared To His Men-At-Arms, the Nibelungs.(1) + </h2> + <p> + Through the gate Siegfried hied him in his Cloak of Darkness down to the + sand, where he found a skiff. Secretly the son of Siegmund embarked and + drove it quickly hence, as though the wind did blow it on. None saw the + steersman; the bark fared fast, impelled by Siegfried's mighty strength. + They weened a seldom strong wind did drive it on. Nay, it was rowed by + Siegfried, the son of Siegelind, the fair. In the time of a day and night + with might and main he reached a land full hundred rests (2) away, or + more. The people hight Nibelungs, where he owned the mighty hoard. The + hero rowed alone to a broad isle, where the lusty knight now beached the + boat and made it fast full soon. To a hill he hied him, upon which stood a + castle, and sought here lodgment, as way-worn travelers do. He came first + to a gateway that stood fast locked. In sooth they guarded well their + honor, as men still do. The stranger now gan knock upon the door, the + which was closely guarded. There within he saw a giant standing, who kept + the castle and at whose side lay at all times his arms. He spake: "Who is + it who doth knock so rudely on the gate?" + </p> + <p> + Then bold Siegfried changed his voice and spake: "I am a knight; do up the + door, else will I enrage many a one outside to-day, who would liefer lie + soft and take his ease." + </p> + <p> + When Siegfried thus spake, it irked the warder. Meanwhile the giant had + donned his armor and placed his helm upon his head. Quickly the mighty man + snatched up his shield and opened wide the gate. How fiercely he ran at + Siegfried and asked, how he durst wake so many valiant men? Huge blows + were dealt out by his hand. Then the lordly stranger gan defend him, but + with an iron bar the warder shattered his shield-plates. Then was the hero + in dire need. Siegfried gan fear a deal his death, when the warder struck + such mighty blows. Enow his master Siegfried loved him for this cause. + They strove so sore that all the castle rang and the sound was heard in + Nibelung's hall. He overcame the warder and bound him, too. + </p> + <p> + The tale was noised abroad in all the Nibelungs' land. Alberich, the bold, + a savage dwarf, heard the fierce struggle through the mountain. He armed + him quick and ran to where he found the noble stranger, as he bound the + mighty giant. Full wroth was Alberich and strong enow. On his body he bare + helmet and rings of mail and in his hand a heavy scourge of gold. Swift + and hard he ran to where Siegfried stood. Seven heavy knobs (3) hung down + in front, with which he smote so fiercely the shield upon the bold man's + arm, that it brake in parts. The stately stranger came in danger of his + life. From his hand he flung the broken shield and thrust into the sheath + a sword, the which was long. He would not strike his servant dead, but + showed his courtly breeding as his knightly virtue bade him. He rushed at + Alberich and with his powerful hands he seized the gray-haired man by the + beard. So roughly he pulled his beard, that he screamed aloud. The tugging + of the youthful knight hurt Alberich sore. + </p> + <p> + Loud cried the valiant dwarf: "Now spare my life. And might I be the + vassal of any save one knight, to whom I swore an oath that I would own + him as my lord, I'd serve you till my death." So spake the cunning (4) + man. + </p> + <p> + He then bound Alberich as he had the giant afore. Full sore the strength + of Siegfried hurt him. The dwarf gan ask: "How are ye named?" + </p> + <p> + "My name is Siegfried," he replied; "I deemed ye knew me well." + </p> + <p> + "Well is me of these tidings," spake Alberich, the dwarf. "Now have I + noted well the knightly deeds, through which ye be by right the sovran of + the land. I'll do whatso ye bid, and ye let me live." + </p> + <p> + Then spake Sir Siegfried: "Go quickly now and bring me the best of knights + we have, a thousand Nibelungs, that they may see me here." + </p> + <p> + Why he wanted this, none heard him say. He loosed the bonds of Alberich + and the giant. Then ran Alberich swift to where he found the knights. In + fear he waked the Nibelung men. He spake: "Up now, ye heroes, ye must go + to Siegfried." + </p> + <p> + From their beds they sprang and were ready in a trice. A thousand doughty + knights soon stood well clad. They hied them to where they saw Sir + Siegfried stand. Then was done a fair greeting, in part by deeds. Great + store of tapers were now lit up; they proffered him mulled wine. (5) He + gave them thanks that they were come so soon. He spake: "Ye must away with + me across the flood." + </p> + <p> + Full ready for this he found the heroes brave and good. Well thirty + hundred men were come eftsoon, from whom he chose a thousand of the best. + Men brought them their helmets and other arms, for he would lead them to + Brunhild's land. He spake: "Ye good knights, this will I tell you, ye must + wear full costly garments there at court, for many lovely dames shall gaze + upon us. Therefore must ye deck yourselves with goodly weeds." + </p> + <p> + Early on a morn they started on their way. What a speedy journey Siegfried + won! They took with them good steeds and lordly harness, and thus they + came in knightly wise to Brunhild's land. The fair maids stood upon the + battlements. Then spake the queen: "Knoweth any, who they be whom I see + sailing yonder far out upon the sea? They have rich sails e'en whiter than + the snow." + </p> + <p> + Quoth the king of the Rhineland: "They're men of mine, the which I left + hard by here on the way. I had them sent for, and now they be come, my + lady." All eyes were fixed upon the lordly strangers. + </p> + <p> + Then one spied Siegfried standing at his vessel's prow in lordly weeds and + many other men. The queen spake: "Sir King, pray tell me, shall I receive + the strangers or shall I deny them greetings?" + </p> + <p> + He spake: "Ye must go to meet them out before the palace, that they may + well perceive how fain we be to see them here." + </p> + <p> + Then the queen did as the king advised her. She marked out Siegfried with + her greetings from the rest. Men purveyed them lodgings and took in charge + their trappings. So many strangers were now come to the land, that + everywhere they jostled Brunhild's bands. Now would the valiant men fare + home to Burgundy. + </p> + <p> + Then spake the queen: "My favor would I bestow on him who could deal out + to the king's guests and mine my silver and gold, of which I have such + store." + </p> + <p> + To this Dankwart, King Giselher's liegeman, answered: "Most noble queen," + spake the brave knight, "let me but wield the keys. I trow to deal it out + in fitting wise; whatso of blame I gain, let be mine own." That he was + bountiful, he made appear full well. + </p> + <p> + When now Sir Hagen's brother took the keys in charge, the hero's hand did + proffer many a costly gift. He who craved a mark (6) received such store + that all the poor might lead a merry life. Full hundred pounds he gave, + nor did he stop to count. Enow walked before the hall in rich attire, who + never had worn afore such lordly dress. Full sore it rued the queen when + this she heard. She spake: "Sir King, I fain would have your aid, lest + your chamberlain leave naught of all my store of dress; he squandereth eke + my gold. If any would forfend this, I'd be his friend for aye. He giveth + such royal gifts, the knight must ween, forsooth, that I have sent for + death. I would fain use it longer and trow well myself to waste that which + my father left me." No queen as yet hath ever had so bounteous a + chamberlain. + </p> + <p> + Then spake Hagen of Troneg: "My lady, be it told you that the king of the + Rhineland hath such great store of gold and robes to give, that we have no + need to carry hence aught of Brunhild's weeds." + </p> + <p> + "Nay, and ye love me," spake the queen, "let me fill twenty traveling + chests with gold and silk as well, the which my hand shall give, when we + are come across to Gunther's land." + </p> + <p> + Men filled her chests with precious stones, the while her chamberlains + stood by. She would not trust the duty to Giselher's men. Gunther and + Hagen began to laugh thereat. + </p> + <p> + Then spake the queen: "With whom shall I leave my lands? This my hand and + yours must first decree." + </p> + <p> + Quoth the noble king: "Now bid draw near whom ye deem fit and we will make + him steward." + </p> + <p> + The lady spied near by one of her highest kin (it was her mother's + brother); to him the maiden spake: "Now let be commended to your care my + castles and my lands, till that King Gunther's hand rule here." + </p> + <p> + Then twenty hundred of her men she chose, who should fare with her hence + to Burgundy, together with those thousand warriors from the Nibelung land. + They dressed their journey; one saw them riding forth upon the sand. Six + and eighty dames they took along and thereto a hundred maids, their bodies + passing fair. No longer now they tarried, for they were fain to get them + hence. Ho, what great wail was made by those they left at home! In courtly + wise she voided thus her land. She kissed her nearest kinsmen who were + found at court. After a fair leave-taking they journeyed to the sea. To + her fatherland the lady nevermore returned. Many kinds of games were seen + upon the way; pastimes they had galore. A real sea breeze did help them on + their voyage. Thus they fared forth from the land fully merrily. She would + not let her husband court her on the way; this pleasure was deferred until + their wedding-tide in the castle, their home, at Worms, to which in good + time she came right joyfully with all her knights. + </p> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + ENDNOTES: + (1) Adventure VIII. This whole episode, in which Siegfried + fetches men to aid Gunther in case of attempted treachery on + Brunhild's part, is of late origin and has no counterpart in + the older versions. It is a further development of + Siegfried's fight in which he slew Schilbung and Nibelung + and became the ruler of the Nibelung land. The fight with + Alberich is simply a repetition of the one in the former + episode. + (2) "Rest" (M.H.G. "rast"), originally 'repose', then used as a + measure of distance, as here. + (3) "Knobs", round pieces of metal fastened to the scourge. + (4) "Cunning" is to be taken here in the Biblical sense of + 'knowing'. The M.H.G. "listig" which it here translates, + denotes 'skilled' or 'learned' in various arts and is a + standing epithet of dwarfs. + (5) "Mulled wine" translates M.H.G. "lutertranc", a claret + mulled with herbs and spice and left to stand until clear. + (6) "Mark". See Adventure V, note 5. +</pre> + <p> + <a name="link2H_4_0013"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + ADVENTURE IX. How Siegfried Was Sent To Worms. + </h2> + <p> + When they had thus fared on their way full nine days, Hagen of Troneg + spake: "Now mark ye what I say. We wait too long with the tidings for + Worms upon the Rhine. Our messengers should be e'en now in Burgundy." + </p> + <p> + Then spake King Gunther: "Ye have told me true, and none be more fitting + for this trip than ye, friend Hagen; now ride ye to my land. None can + acquaint them better with our journey home to court." + </p> + <p> + To this Hagen made answer: "I am no fit envoy. Let me play chamberlain, + I'll stay with the ladies upon the flood and guard their robes, until we + bring them to the Burgundian land. Bid Siegfried bear the message, he + knoweth how to do it well with his mighty strength. If he refuse you the + journey, then must ye in courtly and gentle wise pray him of the boon for + your sister's sake." + </p> + <p> + Gunther sent now for the warrior, who came to where he stood. He spake: + "Sith we be now nearing my lands at home, it behooveth me to send a + messenger to the dear sister of mine and to my mother, too, that we draw + near the Rhine. This I pray you, Siegfried; now do my will, that I may + requite it to you ever," spake the good knight. + </p> + <p> + Siegfried, the passing bold man, however said him nay, till Gunther gan + beseech him sore. He spake: "Ye must ride for my sake and for Kriemhild's + too, the comely maiden, so that the royal maid requite it, as well as I." + </p> + <p> + When Siegfried heard these words, full ready was the knight. "Now bid me + what ye will; naught shall be withheld. I will do it gladly for the fair + maid's sake. Why should I refuse her whom I bear in heart? Whatso ye + command for love of her, shall all be done." + </p> + <p> + "Then tell my mother Uta, the queen, that we be of lofty mood upon this + voyage. Let my brothers know how we have fared. These tidings must ye let + our friends hear, too. Hide naught from my fair sister, give her mine and + Brunhild's greetings. Greet the retainers, too, and all my men. How well I + have ended that for which my heart hath ever striven! And tell Ortwin, the + dear nephew of mine, that he bid seats be built at Worms along the Rhine. + Let my other kinsmen know that I am willed to hold with Brunhild a mighty + wedding feast. And tell my sister, when she hath heard that I be come with + my guests to the land, that she give fair greeting to my bride. For that I + will ever render Kriemhild service." + </p> + <p> + The good Lord Siegfried soon took leave of Lady Brunhild, as beseemed him + well, and of all her train; then rode he to the Rhine. Never might there + be a better envoy in this world. He rode with four and twenty men-at-arms + to Worms; he came without the king. When that was noised about, the + courtiers all were grieved; they feared their master had been slain. + </p> + <p> + Then they dismounted from their steeds, high stood their mood. Giselher, + the good young king, came soon to meet them, and Gernot his brother, too. + How quickly then he spake, when he saw not Gunther at Siegfried's side: + "Be welcome, Siegfried; pray let me know where ye have left the king my + brother? The prowess of Brunhild, I ween, hath ta'en him from us. Great + scathe had her haughty love then brought us." + </p> + <p> + "Let be this fear. My battle-comrade sendeth greetings to you and to his + kin. I left him safe and sound. He sent me on ahead, that I might be his + messenger with tidings hither to this land. Pray have a care, however that + may hap, that I may see the queen and your sister, too, for I must let + them hear what message Gunther and Brunhild have sent them. Both are in + high estate." + </p> + <p> + Then spake Giselher, the youth: "Now must ye go to her, for ye have + brought my much of joy. She is mickle fearful for my brother. I'll answer + that the maid will see you gladly." + </p> + <p> + Then spake Sir Siegfried: "Howsoever I may serve her, that shall be gladly + done, in faith. Who now will tell the ladies that I would hie me thither?" + </p> + <p> + Giselher then became the messenger, the stately man. The doughty knight + spake to his mother and his sister too, when that he saw them both: "To us + is come Siegfried, the hero from Netherland; him my brother Gunther hath + sent hither to the Rhine. He bringeth the news of how it standeth with the + king. Pray let him therefore come to court. He'll tell you the right + tidings straight from Isenland." + </p> + <p> + As yet the noble ladies were acquaint with fear, but now for their weeds + they sprang and dressed them and bade Sir Siegfried come to court. This he + did full gladly, for he was fain to see them. Kriemhild, the noble maid, + addressed him fair: "Be welcome, Sir Siegfried, most worshipful knight. + Where is my brother Gunther, the noble and mighty king? We ween that we + have lost him through Brunhild's strength. Woe is me, poor maid, that ever + I was born." + </p> + <p> + Then spake the daring knight: "Now give me an envoy's guerdon, ye passing + fair ladies, ye do weep without a cause. I do you to wit, I left him safe + and sound. They have sent me with the tidings to you both. He and his + bride do send you kindly greetings and a kinsman's love, O noble queen. + Now leave off your weeping, they'll come full soon." + </p> + <p> + In many a day she had not heard a tale so glad. With her snow-white hem + she wiped the tears from her pretty eyes and began to thank the messenger + for the tidings, which now were come. Thus her great sorrow and her + weeping were taken away. She bade the messenger be seated; full ready he + was for this. Then spake the winsome maid: "I should not rue it, should I + give you as an envoy's meed my gold. For that ye are too rich, but I will + be your friend in other ways." + </p> + <p> + "And had I alone," spake he, "thirty lands, yet would I gladly receive + gifts from your fair hand." + </p> + <p> + Then spake the courtly maid: "It shall be done." She bade her chamberlain + go fetch the meed for tidings. Four and twenty arm-rings, set with goodly + gold, she gave him as his meed. So stood the hero's mood that he would not + retain them, but gave them straightway to her nearest maidens, he found + within the bower. Full kindly her mother offered him her service. "I am to + tell you the tale," then spake the valiant man, "of what the king doth + pray you, when he cometh to the Rhine. If ye perform that, my lady, he'll + ever hold you in his love. I heard him crave that ye should give fair + greetings to his noble guests and grant him the boon, that ye ride to meet + him out in front of Worms upon the strand. This ye are right truly + admonished by the king to do." + </p> + <p> + Then spake the winsome maid: "For this am I full ready. In whatsoever wise + I can serve the king, that will I not refuse; with a kinsman's love it + shall be done." Her color heightened for very joy. Never was the messenger + of any prince received more fair. The lady would have kissed him, had she + but dared. How lovingly he parted from the dames! + </p> + <p> + The men of Burgundy then did as Siegfried counseled. Sindolt and Hunolt + and Rumolt, the knight, must needs be busy with the work of putting up the + seats outside of Worms upon the strand. The royal stewards, too, were + found at work. Ortwin and Gere would not desist, but sent to fetch their + friends on every side, and made known to them the feasting that was to be. + The many comely maids arrayed themselves against the feast. Everywhere the + palace and the walls were decked out for the guests. Gunther's hall was + passing well purveyed for the many strangers. Thus began full merrily this + splendid feast. + </p> + <p> + From every side along the highways of the land pricked now the kinsmen of + these three kings, who had been called that they might wait upon those who + were coming home. Then from the presses great store of costly weeds was + taken. Soon tidings were brought that men saw Brunhild's kinsmen ride + along. Great jostling then arose from the press of folk in the Burgundian + land. Ho, what bold knights were found on either side! + </p> + <p> + Then spake fair Kriemhild: "Ye maids of mine, who would be with me at the + greeting, seek out from the guests the very best of robes; then will + praise and honor be given us by the guests." Then came the warriors, too, + and bade the lordly saddles of pure red gold be carried forth, on which + the ladies should ride from Worms down to the Rhine. Better trappings + might there never be. Ho, what bright gold did sparkle on the jet-black + palfreys! From their bridles there gleamed forth many a precious stone. + The golden stepping-blocks were brought and placed on shining carpets for + the ladies, who were gay of mood. As I have said, the palfreys now stood + ready in the courtyard for the noble maids. One saw the steeds wear narrow + martingales of the best of silk, of which tale might be told. Six and + eighty ladies who wore fillets (1) in their hair were seen come forth. The + fair ones came to Kriemhild wearing glittering robes. Then followed many a + comely maid in brave attire, fifty and four from the Burgundian land. They + were eke the best that might anywhere be found. Men saw them walking with + their flaxen hair and shining ribbons. That which the king desired was + done with zeal. They wore before the stranger knights rich cloth of silk, + the best that could be found, and so many a goodly robe, which well befit + their ample beauty. One found there many clothes of sable and ermine fur. + Many an arm and hand was well adorned with bracelets over the silken + sleeves, which they should wear. None might tell the story of this tiring + to the end. Many a hand played with well-wrought girdles, rich and long, + above gay colored robes, over costly ferran (2) skirts of silken cloth of + Araby. In high spirits were these maids of noble birth. Clasps (3) were + sewed in lovely wise upon the dress of many a comely maid. She had good + cause to rue it, whose bright color did not shine in contrast to her + weeds. No kingly race hath now such fair retainers. When now the lovely + maids had donned the garments they should wear, there then drew near a + mickle band of high-mettled champions. Together with their shields they + carried many an ashen spear. + </p> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + ENDNOTES: + (1) "Fillets" were worn only by married women. + (2) "Ferran", a gray colored cloth of silk and wool; from O.F. + "ferrandine". + (3) "Clasps" or "brooches" were used to fasten the dresses in + front. +</pre> + <p> + <a name="link2H_4_0014"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + ADVENTURE X. How Brunhild Was Received At Worms. + </h2> + <p> + Across the Rhine men saw the king with his guests in many bands pricking + to the shore. One saw the horse of many a maiden, too, led by the bridle. + All those who should give them welcome were ready now. When those of + Isenland and Siegfried's Nibelung men were come across in boats, they + hasted to the shore (not idle were their hands), where the kindred of the + king were seen upon the other bank. Now hear this tale, too, of the queen, + the noble Uta, how she herself rode hither with the maidens from the + castle. Then many a knight and maid became acquaint. Duke Gere led + Kriemhild's palfrey by the bridle till just outside the castle gate. + Siegfried, the valiant knight, must needs attend her further. A fair maid + was she! Later the noble dame requited well this deed. Ortwin, the bold, + rode by Lady Uta's side, and many knights and maidens rode in pairs. Well + may we aver that so many dames were never seen together at such stately + greeting. Many a splendid joust was ridden by worshipful knights (not well + might it be left undone) afore Kriemhild, the fair, down to the ships. + Then the fair-fashioned ladies were lifted from the palfreys. The king was + come across and many a worthy guest. Ho, what stout lances brake before + the ladies' eyes! One heard the clash of many hurtling shields. Ho, what + costly bucklers rang loudly as they closed! The lovely fair stood by the + shore as Gunther and his guests alighted from the boats; he himself led + Brunhild by the hand. Bright gems and gleaming armor shone forth in + rivalry. Lady Kriemhild walked with courtly breeding to meet Dame Brunhild + and her train. White hands removed the chaplets, (1) as these twain kissed + each other; through deference this was done. + </p> + <p> + Then in courteous wise the maiden Kriemhild spake: "Be ye welcome in these + lands of ours, to me and to my mother and to all the loyal kin we have." + </p> + <p> + Low bows were made and the ladies now embraced full oft. Such loving + greeting hath one never heard, as the two ladies, Dame Uta and her + daughter, gave the bride; upon her sweet mouth they kissed her oft. When + now Brunhild's ladies all were come to land, stately knights took many a + comely woman by the hand in loving wise. The fair-fashioned maids were + seen to stand before the lady Brunhild. Long time elasped or ever the + greetings all were done; many a rose-red mouth was kissed, in sooth. Still + side by side the noble princesses stood, which liked full well the doughty + warriors for to see. They who had heard men boast afore that such beauty + had ne'er been seen as these two dames possessed, spied now with all their + eyes and must confess the truth. Nor did one see upon their persons cheats + of any kind. Those who wot how to judge of women and lovely charms, + praised Gunther's bride for beauty; but the wise had seen more clear and + spake, that one must give Kriemhild the palm before Brunhild. + </p> + <p> + Maids and ladies now drew near each other. Many a comely dame was seen + arrayed full well. Silken tents and many rich pavilions stood hard by, the + which quite filled the plain of Worms. The kinsmen of the king came + crowding around, when Brunhild and Kriemhild and with them all the dames + were bidden go to where shade was found. Thither the knights from the + Burgundian land escorted them. + </p> + <p> + Now were the strangers come to horse, and shields were pierced in many + royal jousts. From the plain the dust gan rise, as though the whole land + had burst forth into flames. There many a knight became well known as + champion. Many a maiden saw what there the warriors plied. Methinks, Sir + Siegfried and his knights rode many a turn afore the tents. He led a + thousand stately Nibelungs. + </p> + <p> + Then Hagen of Troneg came, as the king had counseled, and parted in gentle + wise the jousting, that the fair maids be not covered with the dust, the + which the strangers willingly obeyed. Then spake Sir Gernot: "Let stand + the steeds till the air grow cooler, for ye must be full ready when that + the king will ride. Meanwhile let us serve the comely dames before the + spacious hall." + </p> + <p> + When now over all the plain the jousts had ceased, the knights, on pastime + bent, hied them to the ladies under many a high pavilion in the hope of + lofty joys. There they passed the hours until they were minded to ride + away. + </p> + <p> + Just at eventide, when the sun was setting and the air grew chill, no + longer they delayed, but man and woman hasted toward the castle. Many a + comely maiden was caressed with loving glances. In jousting great store of + clothes were torn by good knights, by the high-mettled warriors, after the + custom of the land, until the king dismounted by the hall. Valiant heroes + helped the ladies, as is their wont. The noble queens then parted; Lady + Uta and her daughter went with their train to a spacious hall, where great + noise of merriment was heard on every side. + </p> + <p> + The seats were now made ready, for the king would go to table with his + guests. At his side men saw fair Brunhild stand, wearing the crown in the + king's domain. Royal enow she was in sooth. Good broad tables, with full + many benches for the men, were set with vitaille, as we are told. Little + they lacked that they should have! At the king's table many a lordly guest + was seen. The chamberlains of the host bare water forth in basins of ruddy + gold. It were but in vain, if any told you that men were ever better + served at princes' feasts: I would not believe you that. + </p> + <p> + Before the lord of the Rhineland took the water to wash his hands, + Siegfried did as was but meet, he minded him by his troth of what he had + promised, or ever he had seen Brunhild at home in Isenland. He spake: "Ye + must remember how ye swore me by your hand, that when Lady Brunhild came + to this land, ye would give me your sister to wife. Where be now these + oaths? I have suffered mickle hardship on our trip." + </p> + <p> + Then spake the king to his guest: "Rightly have ye minded me. Certes my + hand shall not be perjured. I'll bring it to pass as best I can." + </p> + <p> + Then they bade Kriemhild go to court before the king. She came with her + fair maidens to the entrance of the hall. At this Sir Giselher sprang down + the steps. "Now bid these maidens turn again. None save my sister alone + shall be here by the king." + </p> + <p> + Then they brought Kriemhild to where the king was found. There stood noble + knights from many princes' lands; throughout the broad hall one bade them + stand quite still. By this time Lady Brunhild had stepped to the table, + too. Then spake King Gunther: "Sweet sister mine, by thy courtesie redeem + my oath. I swore to give thee to a knight, and if he become thy husband, + then hast thou done my will most loyally." + </p> + <p> + Quoth the noble maid: "Dear brother mine, ye must not thus entreat me. + Certes I'll be ever so, that whatever ye command, that shall be done. I'll + gladly pledge my troth to him whom ye, my lord, do give me to husband." + </p> + <p> + Siegfried here grew red at the glance of friendly eyes. The knight then + proffered his service to Lady Kriemhild. Men bade them take their stand at + each other's side within the ring and asked if she would take the stately + man. In maidenly modesty she was a deal abashed, yet such was Siegfried's + luck and fortune, that she would not refuse him out of hand. The noble + king of Netherland vowed to take her, too, to wife. When he and the maid + had pledged their troths, Siegfried's arm embraced eftsoon the winsome + maid. Then the fair queen was kissed before the knights. The courtiers + parted, when that had happed; on the bench over against the king Siegfried + was seen to take his scat with Kriemhild. Thither many a man accompanied + him as servitor; men saw the Nibelungs walk at Siegfried's side. + </p> + <p> + The king had seated him with Brunhild, the maid, when she espied Kriemhild + (naught had ever irked her so) sitting at Siegfried's side. She began to + weep and hot tears coursed down fair cheeks. Quoth the lord of the land: + "What aileth you, my lady, that ye let bright eyes grow dim? Ye may well + rejoice; my castles and my land and many a stately vassal own your sway." + </p> + <p> + "I have good cause to weep," spake the comely maid; "my heart is sore + because of thy sister, whom I see sitting so near thy vassal's side. I + must ever weep that she be so demeaned." + </p> + <p> + Then spake the King Gunther: "Ye would do well to hold your peace. At + another time I will tell you the tale of why I gave Siegfried my sister + unto wife. Certes she may well live ever happily with the knight." + </p> + <p> + She spake: "I sorrow ever for her beauty and her courtesie. I fain would + flee, and I wist whither I might; go, for never will I lie close by your + side, unless ye tell me through what cause Kriemhild be Siegfried's + bride." + </p> + <p> + Then spake the noble king: "I'll do it you to wit; he hath castles and + broad domains, as well as I. Know of a truth, he is a mighty king, + therefore did I give him the peerless maid to love." + </p> + <p> + But whatsoever the king might say, she remained full sad of mood. + </p> + <p> + Now many a good knight hastened from the board. Their hurtling waxed so + passing hard, that the whole castle rang. But the host was weary of his + guests. Him-thought that he might lie more soft at his fair lady's side. + As yet he had not lost at all the hope that much of joy might hap to him + through her. Lovingly he began to gaze on Lady Brunhild. Men bade the + guests leave off their knightly games, for the king and his wife would go + to bed. Brunhild and Kriemhild then met before the stairway of the hall, + as yet without the hate of either. Then came their retinue. Noble + chamberlains delayed not, but brought them lights. The warriors, the + liegemen of the two kings, then parted on either side and many of the + knights were seen to walk with Siegfried. + </p> + <p> + The lords were now come to the rooms where they should lie. Each of the + twain thought to conquer by love his winsome dame. This made them blithe + of mood. Siegfried's pleasure on that night was passing great. When Lord + Siegfried lay at Kriemhild's side and with his noble love caressed the + high-born maid so tenderly, she grew as dear to him as life, so that not + for a thousand other women would he have given her alone. No more I'll + tell how Siegfried wooed his wife; hear now the tale of how King Gunther + lay by Lady Brunhild's side. The stately knight had often lain more soft + by other dames. The courtiers now had left, both maid and man. The chamber + soon was locked; he thought to caress the lovely maid. Forsooth the time + was still far off, ere she became his wife. In a smock of snowy linen she + went to bed. Then thought the noble knight: "Now have I here all that I + have ever craved in all my days." By rights she must needs please him + through her comeliness. The noble king gan shroud the lights and then the + bold knight hied him to where the lady lay. He laid him at her side, and + great was his joy when in his arms he clasped the lovely fair. Many loving + caresses he might have given, had but the noble dame allowed it. She waxed + so wroth that he was sore a-troubled; he weened that they were lovers, but + he found here hostile hate. She spake: "Sir Knight, pray give this over, + which now ye hope. Forsooth this may not hap, for I will still remain a + maid, until I hear the tale; now mark ye that." + </p> + <p> + Then Gunther grew wroth; he struggled for her love and rumpled all her + clothes. The high-born maid then seized her girdle, the which was a stout + band she wore around her waist, and with it she wrought the king great + wrong enow. She bound him hand and foot and bare him to a nail and hung + him on the wall. She forbade him love, sith he disturbed her sleep. Of a + truth he came full nigh to death through her great strength. + </p> + <p> + Then he who had weened to be the master, began to plead. "Now loose my + bands, most noble queen. I no longer trow to conquer you, fair lady, and + full seldom will I lie so near your side." + </p> + <p> + She reeked not how he felt, for she lay full soft. There he had to hang + all night till break of day, until the bright morn shone through the + casements. Had he ever had great strength, it was little seen upon him + now. + </p> + <p> + "Now tell me, Sir Gunther, would that irk you aught," the fair maid spake, + "and your servants found you bound by a woman's hand?" + </p> + <p> + Then spake the noble knight: "That would serve you ill; nor would it gain + me honor," spake the doughty man. "By your courtesie, pray let me lie now + by your side. Sith that my love mislike you so, I will not touch your + garment with my hands." + </p> + <p> + Then she loosed him soon and let him rise. To the bed again, to the lady + he went and laid him down so far away, that thereafter he full seldom + touched her comely weeds. Nor would she have allowed it. + </p> + <p> + Then their servants came and brought them new attire, of which great store + was ready for them against the morn. However merry men made, the lord of + the land was sad enow, albeit he wore a crown that day. As was the usage + which they had and which they kept by right, Gunther and Brunhild no + longer tarried, but hied them to the minster, where mass was sung. + Thither, too, Sir Siegfried came and a great press arose among the crowd. + In keeping with their royal rank, there was ready for them all that they + did need, their crowns and robes as well. Then they were consecrated. When + this was done, all four were seen to stand joyful 'neath their crowns. + Many young squires, six hundred or better, were now girt with sword in + honor of the kings, as ye must know. Great joy rose then in the Burgundian + land; one heard spear-shafts clashing in the hands of the sworded knights. + There at the windows the fair maids sat; they saw shining afore them the + gleam of many a shield. But the king had sundered him from his liegemen; + whatso others plied, men saw him stand full sad. Unlike stood his and + Siegfried's mood. The noble knight and good would fain have known what + ailed the king. He hasted to him and gan ask: "Pray let me know how ye + have fared this night, Sir King." + </p> + <p> + Then spake the king to his guest: "Shame and disgrace have I won; I have + brought a fell devil to my house and home. When I weened to love her, she + bound me sore; she bare me to a nail and hung me high upon a wall. There I + hung affrighted all night until the day, or ever she unbound me. How + softly she lay bedded there! In hope of thy pity do I make plaint to thee + as friend to friend." + </p> + <p> + Then spake stout Siegfried: "That rueth me in truth. I'll do you this to + wit; and ye allow me without distrust, I'll contrive that she lie by you + so near this night, that she'll nevermore withhold from you her love." + </p> + <p> + After all his hardships Gunther liked well this speech. Sir Siegfried + spake again: "Thou mayst well be of good cheer. I ween we fared unlike + last night. Thy sister Kriemhild is dearer to me than life; the Lady + Brunhild must become thy wife to-night. I'll come to thy chamber this + night, so secretly in my Cloud Cloak, that none may note at all my arts. + Then let the chamberlains betake them to their lodgings and I'll put out + the lights in the pages' hands, whereby thou mayst know that I be within + and that I'll gladly serve thee. I'll tame for time thy wife, that thou + mayst have her love to-night, or else I'll lose my life." + </p> + <p> + "Unless be thou embrace my dear lady," spake then the king, "I shall be + glad, if thou do to her as thou dost list. I could endure it well, an' + thou didst take her life. In sooth she is a fearful wife." + </p> + <p> + "I pledge upon my troth," quoth Siegfried, "that I will not embrace her. + The fair sister of thine, she is to me above all maids that I have ever + seen." + </p> + <p> + Gunther believed full well what Siegfried spake. + </p> + <p> + From the knightly sports there came both joy and woe; but men forbade the + hurtling and the shouting, since now the ladies were to hie them to the + hall. The grooms-in-waiting bade the people stand aside; the court was + cleared of steeds and folk. A bishop led each of the ladies, as they + should go to table in the presence of the kings. Many a stately warrior + followed to the seats. In fair hope the king sate now full merrily; well + he thought on that which Siegfried had vowed to do. This one day thought + him as long as thirty days, for all his thoughts were bent upon his lady's + love. He could scarce abide the time to leave the board. Now men let fair + Brunhild and Kriemhild, too, both go to their rest. Ho, what doughty + knights were seen to walk before the queens! + </p> + <p> + The Lord Siegfried sate in loving wise by his fair wife, in bliss without + alloy. With her snow-white hands she fondled his, till that he vanished + from before her eyes, she wist not when. When now she no longer spied him, + as she toyed, the queen spake to his followers: "Much this wondereth me, + whither the king be gone. Who hath taken his hands from mine?" + </p> + <p> + She spake no other word, but he was gone to where he found many grooms of + the chamber stand with lights. These he gan snuff out in the pages' hands. + Thus Gunther knew that it was Siegfried. Well wist he what he would; he + bade the maids and ladies now withdraw. When that was done, the mighty + king himself made fast the door and nimbly shoved in place two sturdy + bolts. Quickly then he hid the lights behind the hangings of the bed. + Stout Siegfried and the maiden now began a play (for this there was no + help) which was both lief and loth to Gunther. Siegfried laid him close by + the high-born maid. She spake: "Now, Gunther, let that be, and it be lief + to you, that ye suffer not hardship as afore." + </p> + <p> + Then the lady hurt bold Siegfried sore. He held his peace and answered not + a whit. Gunther heard well, though he could not see his friend a bit, that + they plied not secret things, for little ease they had upon the bed. + Siegfried bare him as though he were Gunther, the mighty king. In his arms + he clasped the lovely maid. She cast him from the bed upon a bench near + by, so that his head struck loudly against the stool. Up sprang the + valiant man with all his might; fain would he try again. When he thought + now to subdue her, she hurt him sore. Such defense, I ween, might + nevermore be made by any wife. + </p> + <p> + When he would not desist, up sprang the maid. "Ye shall not rumple thus my + shift so white. Ye are a clumsy churl and it shall rue you sore, I'll have + you to know fall well," spake the comely maid. In her arms she grasped the + peerless knight; she weened to bind him, as she had done the king, that + she might have her case upon the bed. The lady avenged full sore, that he + had rumpled thus her clothes. What availed his mickle force and his giant + strength? She showed the knight her masterly strength of limb; she carried + him by force (and that must needs be) and pressed him rudely 'twixt a + clothes-press and the wall. + </p> + <p> + "Alas," so thought the knight, "if now I lose my life at a maiden's hands, + then may all wives hereafter bear towards their husbands haughty mien, who + would never do it else." + </p> + <p> + The king heard it well and feared him for his liegeman's life. Siegfried + was sore ashamed; wrathful he waxed and with surpassing strength he set + himself against her and tried it again with Lady Brunhild in fearful wise. + It thought the king full long, before he conquered her. She pressed his + hands, till from her strength the blood gushed forth from out the nails: + this irked the hero. Therefore he brought the high-born maiden to the pass + that she gave over her unruly will, which she asserted there afore. The + king heard all, albeit not a word he spake. Siegfried pressed her against + the bed, so that she shrieked aloud. Passing sore his strength did hurt + her. She grasped the girdle around her waist and would fain have bound + him, but his hand prevented it in such a wise that her limbs and all her + body cracked. Thus the strife was parted and she became King Gunther's + wife. + </p> + <p> + She spake: "Most noble king, pray spare my life. I'll do thee remedy for + whatso I have done thee. I'll no longer struggle against thy noble love, + for I have learned full well that thou canst make thee master over women." + </p> + <p> + Siegfried let the maiden be and stepped away, as though he would do off + his clothes. From her hand he drew a golden finger ring, without that she + wist it, the noble queen. Thereto he took her girdle, a good stout band. I + know not if he did that for very haughtiness. He gave it to his wife and + rued it sore in after time. + </p> + <p> + Then lay Gunther and the fair maid side by side. He played the lover, as + beseemed him, and thus she must needs give over wrath and shame. From his + embrace a little pale she grew. Ho, how her great strength failed through + love! Now was she no stronger than any other wife. He caressed her lovely + form in lover's wise. Had she tried her strength again, what had that + availed? All this had Gunther wrought in her by his love. How right + lovingly she lay beside him in bridal joy until the dawn of day! + </p> + <p> + Now was Sir Siegfried gone again to where he was given fair greetings by a + woman fashioned fair. He turned aside the question she had thought to put + and hid long time from her what he had brought, until she ruled as queen + within his land. How little he refused to give her what he should! + </p> + <p> + On the morn the host was far cheerier of mood than he had been afore. + Through this the joy of many a noble man was great in all his lands, whom + he had bidden to his court, and to whom he proffered much of service. The + wedding feast now lasted till the fourteenth day, so that in all this + while the sound never died away of the many joys which there they plied. + The cost to the king was rated high. The kinsmen of the noble host gave + gifts in his honor to the strolling folk, as the king commanded: vesture + and ruddy gold, steeds and silver, too. Those who there craved gifts + departed hence full merrily. Siegfried, the lord from Netherland, with a + thousand of his men, gave quite away the garments they had brought with + them to the Rhine and steeds and saddles, too. Full well they wot how to + live in lordly wise. Those who would home again thought the time too long + till the rich gifts had all been made. Nevermore have guests been better + eased. Thus ended the wedding feast; Gunther, the knight, would have it + so. + </p> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + ENDNOTES: + (1) "Chaplet" (O.F. "chaplet", dim. of "chapel", M.H.G. + "schapel" or "schapelin") or wreath was the headdress + especially of unmarried girls, the hair being worn flowing. + It was often of flowers or leaves, but not infrequently of + gold and silver. (See Weinhold, "Deutsche Frauen im + Mittelalter", i, 387.) +</pre> + <p> + <a name="link2H_4_0015"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + ADVENTURE XI. How Siegfried Journeyed Homeward With His Wife. + </h2> + <p> + When now the strangers had all ridden hence, Siegmund's son spake to his + fellowship: "We must make us ready, too, to journey to my lands." + </p> + <p> + Lief was it to his wife, when the lady heard the tale aright. She spake to + her husband: "When shall we ride? I pray thee, make me not haste too sore. + First must my brothers share their lands with me." + </p> + <p> + It was loth to Siegfried, when he heard this from Kriemhild. The lordings + hied them to him and all three spake: "Now may ye know, Sir Siegfried, + that our true service be ever at your bidding till our death." + </p> + <p> + Then he made obeisance to the knights, as it was proffered him in such + kindly wise. "We shall share with you," spake Giselher, the youth, "both + land and castles which we do own and whatever broad realms be subject to + our power. Of these ye and Kriemhild shall have a goodly share." + </p> + <p> + The son of Siegmund spake to the princes, as he heard and saw the + lordings' will: "God grant that ye be ever happy with your heritage and + the folk therein. My dear bride can well forego in truth the share which + ye would give. There where she shall wear a crown, she shall be mightier + than any one alive, and live to see the day. For whatsoever else ye do + command, I stand ready to your bidding." + </p> + <p> + Then spake the Lady Kriemhild: "Though ye forego my heritage, yet is it + not so light a matter with the Burgundian men-at-arms. A king might gladly + lead them to his land. Forsooth my brothers' hands must share them with + me." + </p> + <p> + Then spake the Lord Gernot: "Now take whomsoever thou dost wish. Thou wilt + find here really a one who'll gladly ride with thee. We will give thee a + thousand of our thirty hundred warriors; be they thy court retainers." + </p> + <p> + Kriemhild then gan send for Hagen of Troneg and also for Ortwin, to ask if + they and their kinsfolk would be Kriemhild's men. + </p> + <p> + At this Hagen waxed wonderly wroth. He spake: "Certes, Gunther may not + give us to any in the world. Let others follow as your train. Ye know full + well the custom of the men of Troneg: we must in duty bound remain here + with the kings at court. We must serve them longer, whom we till now have + followed." + </p> + <p> + They gave that over and made them ready to ride away. Lady Kriemhild + gained for herself two and thirty maids and five hundred men, a noble + train. The Margrave Eckewart (1) followed Kriemhild hence. They all took + leave, both knights and squires and maids and ladies, as was mickle right. + Anon they parted with a kiss and voided merrily King Gunther's land. Their + kinsmen bare them company far upon the way and bade them pitch their + quarters for the night, whereso they listed, throughout the princes' land. + </p> + <p> + Then messengers were sent eftsoon to Siegmund, that he might know, and + Siegelind, too, that his son would come with Lady Uta's child, Kriemhild, + the fair, from Worms beyond the Rhine. Liefer tidings might they never + have. "Well for me," spake then Siegmund, "that I have lived to see fair + Kriemhild here as queen. My heritage will be thereby enhanced. My son, the + noble Siegfried, shall himself be king." + </p> + <p> + Then the Lady Siegelind gave much red velvet, silver, and heavy gold; this + was the envoy's meed. The tale well liked her, which then she heard. She + clad her and her handmaids with care, as did beseem them. Men told who was + to come with Siegfried to the land. Anon they bade seats be raised, where + he should walk crowned before his friends. King Siegmund's liegemen then + rode forth to meet him. Hath any been ever better greeted than the famous + hero in Siegmund's land, I know not. Siegelind, the fair, rode forth to + meet Kriemhild with many a comely dame (lusty knights did follow on + behind), a full day's journey, till one espied the guests. Home-folk and + the strangers had little easement till they were come to a spacious + castle, hight Xanten, (2) where they later reigned. + </p> + <p> + Smilingly Siegelind and Siegmund kissed Kriemhild many times for joy and + Siegfried, too; their sorrow was taken from them. All their fellowship + received great welcome. One bade now bring the guests to Siegmund's hall, + and lifted the fair young maids down from the palfreys. Many a knight gan + serve the comely dames with zeal. However great the feasting at the Rhine + was known to be, here one gave the heroes much better robes than they had + worn in all their days. Of their splender great marvels might be told. + When now they sate in lofty honors and had enow of all, what gold-hued + clothes their courtiers wore with precious stones well worked thereon! + Thus did Siegelind, the noble queen, purvey them well. + </p> + <p> + Then to his friends Lord Siegmund spake: "I do all Siegfried's kin to wit, + that he shall wear my crown before these knights." Those of Netherland + heard full fain the tale. He gave his son the crown, the cognizance, (3) + and lands, so that he then was master of them all. When that men went to + law and Siegfried uttered judgment, that was done in such a wise that men + feared sore fair Kriemhild's husband. + </p> + <p> + In these high honors Siegfried lived, of a truth, and judged as king, till + the tenth year was come, when his fair lady bare a son. This was come to + pass after the wish of the kinsmen of the king. They hastened to baptize + and name him Gunther for his uncle; nor had he need to be ashamed of this. + Should he grow like to his kinsman, he would fare full well. They brought + him up with care, as was but due. In these same times the Lady Siegelind + died, and men enow made wail when death bereft them of her. Then the child + of the noble Uta held withal the power over the lands, which well beseemed + such high-born dames. (4) + </p> + <p> + Now also by the Rhine, as we hear tell, at mighty Gunther's court, in the + Burgundian land, Brunhild, the fair, had born a son. For the hero's sake + they named him Siegfried. With what great care they bade attend him! The + noble Gunther gave him masters who well wot how to bring him up to be a + doughty man. Alas, what great loss of kin he later suffered through + misfortune! + </p> + <p> + Many tales were told all time, of how right worshipfully the lusty knights + dwelt alway in Siegmund's land. Gunther dealt the same with his + distinguished kin. The Nibelung land and Schilbung's knights and the goods + of both served Siegfried here (none of his kinsmen ever waxed mightier + than he). So much the higher rose the mood of the valiant man. The very + greatest heard that any hero ever gained, save those who owned it + aforetime, the bold man had, the which he had won by his own hand hard by + a hill, and for which he did many a lusty knight to death. He had honors + to his heart's desire, and had this not been so, yet one must rightly aver + of the noble champion, that he was one of the best that ever mounted + horse. Men feared his might and justly, too. + </p> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + ENDNOTES: + (1) "Eckewart", see Adventure I, note 15. + (2) "Xanten", see Adventure II, note 3. + (3) "Cognizance", 'jurisdiction.' + (4) "Dames", i.e., Siegelind and Kriemhild. +</pre> + <p> + <a name="link2H_4_0016"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + ADVENTURE XII. How Gunther Bade Siegfried To The Feasting. + </h2> + <p> + Now Gunther's wife thought alway: "How haughtily doth Lady Kriemhild bear + her! Is not her husband Siegfried our liegeman? Long time now hath he done + us little service." This she bare within her heart, but held her peace. It + irked her sore that they did make themselves such strangers and that men + from Siegfried's land so seldom served her. Fain would she have known from + whence this came. She asked the king if it might hap that she should see + Kriemhild again. Secretly she spake what she had in mind. The speech like + the king but moderately well. "How might we bring them," quoth he, "hither + to our land? That were impossible, they live too far away; I dare not ask + them this." + </p> + <p> + To this Brunhild replied in full crafty wise: "However high and mighty a + king's vassal be, yet should he not leave undone whatsoever his lord + command him." + </p> + <p> + King Gunther smiled when she spake thus. However oft he saw Siegfried, yet + did he not count it to him as service. + </p> + <p> + She spake: "Dear lord, for my sake help me to have Siegfried and thy + sister come to this land, that we may see them here. Naught liefer might + ever hap to me in truth. Whenso I think on thy sister's courtesie and her + well-bred mind, how it delighteth me! How we sate together, when I first + became thy wife! She may with honor love bold Siegfried." + </p> + <p> + She besought so long, till the king did speak: "Now know that I have never + seen more welcome guests. Ye need but beg me gently. I will send my envoys + for the twain, that they may come to see us to the Rhine." + </p> + <p> + Then spake the queen: "Pray tell me then, when ye are willed to send for + them, or in what time our dear kinsmen shall come into the land. Give me + also to know whom ye will send thither." + </p> + <p> + "That will I," said the prince. "I will let thirty of my men ride + thither." + </p> + <p> + He had these come before him and bade them carry tidings to Siegfried's + land. To their delight Brunhild did give them full lordly vesture. + </p> + <p> + Then spake the king: "Ye knights must say from me all that I bid you to + mighty Siegfried and the sister of mine; this must ye not conceal: that no + one in the world doth love them more, and beg them both to come to us to + the Rhine. For this I and my lady will be ever at your service. At the + next Midsummer's Day shall he and his men gaze upon many here, who would + fain do them great honor. Give to the king Siegmund my greetings, and say + that I and my kinsmen be still his friends, and tell my sister, too, that + she fail not to ride to see her kin. Never did feasting beseem her + better." + </p> + <p> + Brunhild and Uta and whatever ladies were found at court all commended + their service to the lovely dames and the many valiant men in Siegfried's + land. With the consent of the kinsmen of the king the messengers set + forth. They rode as wandering knights; their horses and their trappings + had now been brought them. Then they voided the land, for they had haste + of the journey, whither they would fare. The king bade guard the + messengers well with convoys. In three weeks they came riding into the + land, to Nibelung's castle, in the marches of Norway, (1) whither they + were sent. Here they found the knight. The mounts of the messengers were + weary from the lengthy way. + </p> + <p> + Both Siegfried and Kriemhild were then told that knights were come, who + wore such clothes as men were wont to wear at Burgundy. She sprang from a + couch on which she lay to rest and bade a maiden hie her to the window. In + the court she saw bold Gere standing, him and the fellowship that had been + sent thither. What joyful things she there found against her sorrow of + heart! She spake to the king: "Now behold where they stand, who walk in + the court with the sturdy Gere, whom my brother sendeth us adown the + Rhine." + </p> + <p> + Spake Then the valiant Siegfried: "They be welcome to us." + </p> + <p> + All the courtiers ran to where one saw them. Each of them in turn then + spake full kindly, as best he could to the envoys. Siegmund, the lord, was + right blithe of their coming. Then Gere and his men were lodged and men + bade take their steeds in charge. The messengers then went hence to where + Lord Siegfried sate by Kriemhild. This they did, for they had leave to go + to court. The host and his lady rose from their seats at once and greeted + well Gere of the Burgundian land with his fellowship, Gunther's liegemen. + One bade the mighty Gere go and sit him down. + </p> + <p> + "Permit us first to give our message, afore we take our seats; let us + way-worn strangers stand the while. We be come to tell you tidings which + Gunther and Brunhild, with whom all things stand well, have sent you, and + also what Lady Uta, your mother, sendeth. Giselher, the youth, and Sir + Gernot, too, and your dearest kin, they have sent us hither and commend + their service to you from out the Burgundian land." + </p> + <p> + "Now God requite them," quoth Siegfried; "I trow them much troth and good, + as one should to kinsfolk; their sister doth the same. Ye must tell us + more, whether our dear friends at home be of good cheer? Since we have + been parted from them, hath any done amiss to my lady's kinsmen? That ye + must let me know. If so, I'll ever help them bear it in duty bound, until + their foes must rue my service." + </p> + <p> + Then spake the Margrave Gere, a right good knight: "They are in every + virtue of such right high mood, that they do bid you to a feasting by the + Rhine. They would fain see you, as ye may not doubt, and they do beg my + lady that she come with you, when the winter hath taken an end. They would + see you before the next Midsummer's Day." + </p> + <p> + Quoth the stalwart Siegfried: "That might hardly hap." + </p> + <p> + Then answered Gere from the Burgundian land: "Your mother Uta, Gernot, and + Giselher have charged you, that ye refuse them not. I hear daily wail, + that ye do live so far away. My Lady Brunhild and all her maids be fain of + the tidings, if that might be that they should see you again; this would + raise their spirits high." These tidings thought fair Kriemhild good. + </p> + <p> + Gere was of their kin; the host bade him be seated and had wine poured out + for the guests; no longer did they tarry. Now Siegmund was come to where + he saw the messengers. The lord said to the Burgundians in friendly wise: + "Be welcome, Sir Knights, ye men of Gunther. Sith now Siegfried, my son, + hath won Kriemhild to wife, one should see you more often here in this our + land, if ye would show your kinship." + </p> + <p> + They answered that they would gladly come, when so he would. Of their + weariness they were cased with joyous pastime. Men bade the messengers be + seated and brought them food, of which Siegfried had them given great + store. They must needs stay there full nine days, till at last the doughty + knights made plaint, that they durst not ride again to their land. + </p> + <p> + Meantime king Siegfried had sent to fetch his friends; he asked them what + they counseled, whether or no they should to the Rhine. "My kinsman + Gunther and his kin have sent to fetch me for a feasting. Now I would go + full gladly, but that his land doth lie too far away. They beg Kriemhild, + too, that she journey with me. Now advise, dear friends, in what manner + she shall ride thither. Though I must harry for them through thirty lands, + yet would Siegfried's arm fain serve them there." + </p> + <p> + Then spake his warriors: "And ye be minded to journey to the feasting, we + will advise what ye must do. Ye should ride to the Rhine with a thousand + knights, then can ye stand with worship there in Burgundy land." + </p> + <p> + Up spake then Lord Siegmund of Netherland: "Will ye to the feasting, why + make ye it not known to me? If ye scorn it not, I will ride thither with + you and will take a hundred knights, wherewith to swell your band." + </p> + <p> + "And will ye ride with us, dear father mine," quoth brave Siegfried, "glad + shall I be of that. Within a twelfth night I will quit my lands." + </p> + <p> + All who craved it were given steeds and vesture, too. + </p> + <p> + Since now the noble king was minded for the journey, men bade the good and + speedy envoys ride again. He sent word to his wife's kindred on the Rhine, + that he would full fain be at their feasting. Siegfried and Kriemhild, as + the tale doth tell, gave the messengers such store of gifts that their + horses could not bear them to their native land. A wealthy man was he. + They drove their sturdy sumpters merrily along. + </p> + <p> + Siegfried and Siegmund arrayed their men. Eckewart, the margrave, that + very hour bade seek out ladies' robes, the best that were at hand or might + be found throughout all Siegfried's land. Men gan prepare the saddles and + the shields. To knights and ladies who should go hence with him was given + whatso they would, so that they wanted naught. He brought to his kinsfolk + many a lordly stranger. + </p> + <p> + The messengers pricked fast upon their homeward way. Now was Gere, the + knight, come to Burgundy and was greeted fair. Then they dismounted from + their steeds and from the nags in front of Gunther's hall. Young and old + did hie them, as people do, to ask the tidings. Quoth the good knight: + "When I tell them to the king, thou be at hand a hear." + </p> + <p> + With his fellowship he went to where he found King Gunther. For very joy + the king sprang from his seat. Fair Brunhild cried them mercy, that they + were come so quick. Gunther spake to the envoys: "How fareth Siegfried, + from whom so much of gladness hath happed to me?" + </p> + <p> + Brave Gere spake: "He blushed for joy, he and your sister; no truer + tidings did ever any man send to friends, than the Lord Siegfried and his + father, too, have sent to you." + </p> + <p> + Then to the margrave spake the noble queen: "Now tell me, cometh Kriemhild + to us? Hath the fair still kept the graces which she knew how to use?" + </p> + <p> + "She cometh to you surely," quoth Gere, the knight. + </p> + <p> + Then Uta bade the messenger come quickly to her. By her question one might + note full well that she was fain to hear if Kriemhild still were well. He + told how he had found her and that she would shortly come. Nor were the + gifts concealed by them at court, which Siegfried gave them, gold and + vesture; these they brought for the vassals of the three kings to see. For + their passing great bounty men gave them thanks. + </p> + <p> + "He may lightly give great gifts," spake then Hagen; "he could not + squander all his wealth, and he should live for aye. His hand hath closed + upon the hoard of the Nibelungs. Ho, let him only come to the Burgundian + land!" + </p> + <p> + All the courtiers were glad that they should come. Early and late the men + of the three kings were busy. Many benches they gan raise for the folk. + The valiant Hunolt and the knight Sindolt had little rest. All time they + had to oversee the stewards and the butlers and raise many a bench. Ortwin + helped them, too, at this, and Gunther said them thanks. Rumolt, the + master cook, how well he ruled his underlings! Ho, how many a broad + kettle, pot, and pan they had! They made ready the vitaille for those who + were coming to the land. + </p> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + ENDNOTES: + (1) "Norway". The interpolated character of the Adventures XI + to XIII, which are not found in the earlier versions, is + shown by the confusion in the location of Siegfried's court. + The poet has forgotten that Xanten is his capital, and + locates it in Norway. No mention is made, however, of the + messengers crossing the sea; on the contrary, Kriemhild + speaks of their being sent down the Rhine. +</pre> + <p> + <a name="link2H_4_0017"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + ADVENTURE XIII. How They Journeyed To The Feasting. + </h2> + <p> + Let us now take leave of all their bustling, and tell how Lady Kriemhild + and her maidens journeyed from the Nibelung land down toward the Rhine. + Never did sumpters bear so much lordly raiment. They made ready for the + way full many traveling chests. Then Siegfried, the knight, and the queen + as well, rode forth with their friends to where they had hope of joys. + Later it sped them all to their great harm. They left Siegfried's little + child, Kriemhild's son, at home. That must needs be. Great grief befell + him through their journey to the court. The bairn never saw his father and + his mother more. With them, too, there rode Lord Siegmund. Had he known + aright how he would fare at the feasting, no whit of it would he have + seen. No greater woe might ever hap to him in loving friends. + </p> + <p> + Messengers were sent ahead, who told the tale. Then with a stately band + there rode to meet them many of Uta's kith and Gunther's liegemen. The + host gan bestir him for his guests. He went to where Brunhild sate and + asked: "How did my sister greet you when ye came to our land? In like + manner must ye greet Siegfried's wife." + </p> + <p> + "That will I gladly," quoth she, "for I have good cause to be her friend." + </p> + <p> + The mighty king spake further: "They come to us early on the morrow; if ye + would greet them, set quickly to work, that we abide them not within the + castle. At no time have such welcome guests ever come to see me." + </p> + <p> + At once she bade her maids and ladies hunt out goodly raiment, the best + they had, the which her train should wear before the guests. One may + lightly say, they did this gladly. Gunther's men hasted also for to serve + them, and around him the host did gather all his knights. Then the queen + rode forth in princely wise and mickle greeting of the welcome guests was + done. With what great joy did they receive them! It thought them as though + Lady Kriemhild had not greeted Lady Brunhild so fair in the Burgundian + land. Those who had never seen her became acquaint with lofty mood. + </p> + <p> + Now was Siegfried come with his liegemen. One saw the heroes wending to + and fro upon the plain in unwieldy bands. None might guard him there + against the jostling and the dust. + </p> + <p> + When that the ruler of the land spied Siegfried and Siegmund, how lovingly + he spake: "Now be ye full welcome to me and all my friends; we shall be of + good cheer because of this your journey to our court." + </p> + <p> + "Now God requite you," quoth Siegmund, the honor-seeking man; "sith my son + Siegfried won you to kinsman, my heart hath urged that I should go to see + you." + </p> + <p> + At this spake Gunther: "Now hath joy happed to me thereby." + </p> + <p> + Siegfried was received with much great worship as beseemed him; none bare + him hatred there. Giselher and Gernot helped thereby with great courtesie. + I ween, never have guests been greeted in such goodly wise. + </p> + <p> + Then the wives of the two kings drew near each other. Emptied were many + saddles, as fair ladies were lifted down by knightly hands upon the sward. + How busy were those who gladly served the dames! The lovely women now drew + near each other, and many a knight was blithe, that such fair greeting + passed between the twain. Then one saw great press of warriors standing by + the high-born maids. The lordly meiny (1) grasped each other by the hand. + Much courteous bowing was seen and loving kisses from fair-fashioned + dames. This liked well Gunther's and Siegfried's liegemen for to see. They + bided now no longer, but rode to town. The host bade show his guests full + well that all were fain to see them in the Burgundian land. Many a royal + joust took place before the high-born maids. Hagen of Troneg and Ortwin, + too, proved full well their prowess. One durst not leave undone whatso + they would command. Much service was rendered by them to the welcome + guests. Many shields were heard resound from thrusts and blows before the + castle gate. The host and his guests tarried long time without, or ever + they came within. Forsooth the hours passed quickly for them with their + sports. Merrily they rode before the royal palace. Many cunning housings + (2) of good cloth and well cut were seen hanging on either side from the + saddles of the fair-fashioned dames. + </p> + <p> + Then came Gunther's liegemen. Men bade lead the strangers quickly to their + easement. At times one saw Brunhild glance at Lady Kriemhild, who was + passing fair enow. Her color against the gold gave back the gleam in + lovely wise. On every side in Worms one heard the courtiers shout. Gunther + bade Dankwart, his marshal, have them in his care, who then gan lodge the + retinue in goodly wise. One let them eat within and eke without. Never + were stranger guests better cared for. Men gave them gladly all they + craved; so rich was the king, that not a wish was there denied. Men served + them in friendly wise without all hate. The host now took his seat at + table with his guests. One bade Siegfried be seated where he sate afore. + Then many a stately man went with him to the seats. Twelve hundred + warriors in sooth did sit at his round table. Brunhild thought her that a + vassal could not be mightier than he; yet she was still so friendly to him + that she did not wish his death. + </p> + <p> + On an evening when the king was seated at the board, many costly robes + were wet with wine, as the butlers hied them to the tables. Full service + was given there with mickle zeal. As hath long been the wont at feasts, + men bade the ladies and the maids be given fair lodgment. From wherever + they were come, the host bare them right good will. One gave them all enow + with goodly honors. + </p> + <p> + When the night had an end and the day appeared, many a precious stone from + the sumpter chests sparkled on goodly weeds, as they were touched by + woman's hand. Many a lordly robe was taken forth. Or ever the day had + fully dawned, many knights and squires came out before the hall. Then rose + a merry rout before the early mass, which was sung for the king. There + young heroes rode so well that the king did cry them mercy. Many a trumpet + rang out passing loud, and the noise of drums and flutes did grow so great + that the broad town of Worms reechoed with the sound. The high-mettled + heroes horsed them everywhere. Then there rose in the land high knightly + play from many a doughty champion; one saw a great rout of them whose + youthful hearts beat high, and many a dapper knight and a good stood armed + with shield. At the easements sate the high-born dames and many comely + maids, decked out in brave attire. They watched the pastimes of the many + valiant men. The host himself gan tilt there with his friends. Thus they + passed the time, the which seemed aught but long. + </p> + <p> + Then from the dome was heard the sound of many bells. The palfreys came, + the ladies rode away; but many a bold man followed the noble queens. They + alighted on the green before the minster; Brunhild was still friendly to + her guests. Wearing crowns, they entered the spacious church. Later their + love was parted, which caused great hate. When they had heard the mass, + they rode away again with many honors and were soon seen going merrily to + table. Their pleasure at the feasting did not flag until the eleventh day. + </p> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + ENDNOTES: + (1) "Meiny" (M.E. "meiny", O.F. "mesnee"), 'courtiers', 'serving + folk'. + (2) "Housings", 'saddle cloths'. +</pre> + <p> + <a name="link2H_4_0018"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + ADVENTURE XIV. How The Queens Reviled Each Other. + </h2> + <p> + On a day before the vesper tide a great turmoil arose, which many knights + made in the court, where they plied their knightly sports for pastime's + sake, and a great throng of men and women hasted there to gaze. The royal + queens had sat them down together and talked of two worshipful knights. + </p> + <p> + Then spake the fair Kriemhild: "I have a husband who by right should rule + over all these kingdoms." + </p> + <p> + Quoth Lady Brunhild: "How might that be? If none other lived but he and + thou, then might these kingdoms own his sway, but the while Gunther + liveth, this may never hap." + </p> + <p> + Kriemhild replied: "Now dost thou see, how he standeth, how right royally + he walketh before the knights, as the moon doth before the stars? + Therefore must I needs be merry of mood." + </p> + <p> + Said Lady Brunhild: "However stately be thy husband, howso worthy and + fair, yet must thou grant the palm to Knight Gunther, the noble brother of + thine. Know of a truth, he must be placed above all kings." + </p> + <p> + Then Kriemhild spake again: "So doughty is my husband, that I have not + lauded him without good cause. His worship is great in many things. Dost + thou believe it, Brunhild, he is easily Gunther's peer." + </p> + <p> + "Forsooth thou must not take it amiss of me, Kriemhild, for I have not + spoken thus without good reason. I heard them both aver, when I saw them + first of all, and the king was victor against me in the games, and when he + won my love in such knightly wise, that he was liegeman to the king, and + Siegfried himself declared the same. I hold him therefore as my vassal, + sith I heard him speak thus himself." + </p> + <p> + Then spake fair Kriemhild: "Ill had I then sped. How could my noble + brothers have so wrought, that I should be a mere vassal's bride? + Therefore I do beseech thee, Brunhild, in friendly wise, that for my sake + thou kindly leave off this speech." + </p> + <p> + "I'll not leave it off," quoth the king's wife. "Why should I give up so + many a knight, who with the warrior doth owe us service?" + </p> + <p> + Kriemhild, the passing fair, waxed wroth out of wit. "Thou must forego + that ho ever do you a vassal's service; he is worthier than my brother + Gunther, the full noble man. Thou must retract what I have heard thee say. + Certes, it wondereth me, sith he be thy vassal and thou hast so much power + over us twain, why he hath rendered thee no tribute so long a time. By + right I should be spared thy overweening pride." + </p> + <p> + "Thou bedrest thee too high," spake the king's wife. "I would fain see + whether men will hold thee in such high honor as they do me." + </p> + <p> + The ladies both grew wonderly wroth of mood. Then spake the Lady + Kriemhild: "This must now hap. Sith thou hast declared my husband for thy + liegeman, now must the men of the two kings perceive to-day whether I + durst walk before the queen to church. Thou must see to-day that I am + noble and free and that my husband is worthier than thine; nor will I + myself be taxed therewith. Thou shalt mark to-day how thy liegewoman goeth + to court before the knights of the Burgundian land. I myself shall be more + worshipful than any queen was known to be, who ever wore a crown." Great + hate enow rose then betwixt the ladies. + </p> + <p> + Then Brunhild answered: "Wilt thou not be a liegewoman of mine, so must + thou sunder thee with thy ladies from my train when that we go to church." + </p> + <p> + To this Kriemhild replied: "In faith that shall be done." + </p> + <p> + "Now array you, my maids," spake Siegfried's wife. "I must be here without + reproach. Let this be seen to-day, and ye do have rich weeds. Brunhild + shall fain deny what she hath here averted." + </p> + <p> + They needed not much bidding, but sought rich robes and many a dame and + maid attired her well. Then the wife of the noble king went forth with her + train. Fair Kriemhild, too, was well arrayed and three and forty maidens + with her, whom she had brought hither to the Rhine. They wore bright + vesture wrought in Araby, and thus the fair-fashioned maids betook them to + the minster. All Siegfried's men awaited them before the house. The folk + had marvel whence it chanced that the queens were seen thus sundered, so + that they did not walk together as afore. From this did many a warrior + later suffer dire distress. Here before the minster stood Gunther's wife, + while many a good knight had pastime with the comely dames whom they there + espied. + </p> + <p> + Then came the Lady Kriemhild with a large and noble train. Whatever kind + of clothes the daughters of noble knights have ever worn, these were but + the wind against her retinue. She was so rich in goods, that what the + wives of thirty kings could not purvey, that Kriemhild did. An' one would + wish to, yet he could not aver that men had ever seen such costly dresses + as at this time her fair-fashioned maidens wore. Kriemhild had not done + it, save to anger Brunhild. They met before the spacious minster. Through + her great hate the mistress of the house in evil wise bade Kriemhild + stand: "Forsooth no vassaless should ever walk before the queen." + </p> + <p> + Then spake fair Kriemhild (angry was her mood): "Couldst thou have held + thy peace, 'twere well for thee. Thou hast disgraced thee and the fair + body of thine. How might a vassal's leman (1) ever be the wife of any + king?" + </p> + <p> + "Whom callest thou here leman?" spake the queen. + </p> + <p> + "That call I thee," quoth Kriemhild. "Thy fair person was first caressed + by Siegfried, my dear husband. Certes, it was not my brother who won thy + maidhood. Whither could thy wits have wandered? It was an evil trick. + Wherefore didst thou let him love thee, sith he be thy vassal? I hear thee + make plaint without good cause," quoth Kriemhild. + </p> + <p> + "I' faith," spake then Brunhild, "Gunther shall hear of this." + </p> + <p> + "What is that to me?" said Kriemhild. "Thy pride hath bewrayed thee. With + words thou hast claimed me for thy service. Know, by my troth, it will + ever grieve me, for I shall be no more thy faithful friend." + </p> + <p> + Then Brunhild wept. Kriemhild delayed no longer, but entered the minster + with her train before the queen. Thus there rose great hatred, from which + bright eyes grew dim and moist. + </p> + <p> + Whatso men did or sang to God's service there, the time seemed far too + long for Brunhild, for she was sad of heart and mood. Many a brave knight + and a good must later rue this day. Brunhild with her ladies now went + forth and stopped before the minster. Her-thought: "Kriemhild must tell me + more of what this word-shrewd woman hath so loudly charged me. Hath + Siegfried made boast of this, 'twill cost his life." + </p> + <p> + Now the noble Kriemhild came with many a valiant liegeman. Lady Brunhild + spake: "Stand still a while. Ye have declared me for a leman, that must ye + let be seen. Know, that through thy speech, I have fared full ill." + </p> + <p> + Then spake the Lady Kriemhild: "Ye should have let me pass. I'll prove it + by the ring of gold I have upon my hand, and which my lover brought me + when he first lay at your side." + </p> + <p> + Brunhild had never seen so ill a day. She spake: "This costly hoop of gold + was stolen from me, and hath been hid full long a time from me in evil + wise. I'll find out yet who hath ta'en it from me." + </p> + <p> + Both ladies now had fallen into grievous wrath. + </p> + <p> + Kriemhild replied: "I'll not be called a thief. Thou hadst done better to + have held thy peace, an' thou hold thine honor dear. I'll prove it by the + girdle which I wear about my waist, that I lie not. Certes, my Siegfried + became thy lord." + </p> + <p> + She wore the cord of silk of Nineveh, set with precious stones; in sooth + 'twas fair enow. When Brunhild spied it, she began to weep. Gunther and + all the Burgundian men must needs now learn of this. + </p> + <p> + Then spake the queen: "Bid the prince of the Rhineland come hither. I will + let him hear how his sister hath mocked me. She saith here openly that I + be Siegfried's wife." + </p> + <p> + The king came with knights, and when he saw his love a-weeping, how gently + he spake: "Pray tell me, dear lady, who hath done you aught?" + </p> + <p> + She answered to the king: "I must stand unhappy; thy sister would fain + part me from all mine honors. I make here plaint to thee she doth aver + that Siegfried, her husband hath had me as his leman." + </p> + <p> + Quoth King Gunther: "Then hath she done ill." + </p> + <p> + "She weareth here my girdle, which I have lost, and my ring of ruddy gold. + It doth repent me sore that I was ever born, unless be thou clearest me of + this passing great shame, for that I'll serve thee ever." + </p> + <p> + King Gunther spake: "Have him come hither. He must let us hear if he hath + made boast of this, or he must make denial, the hero of Netherland." One + bade fetch at once Kriemhild's love. + </p> + <p> + When Siegfried saw the angry dames (he wist not of the tale), how quickly + then he spake: "I fain would know why these ladies weep, or for what cause + the king hath had me fetched." + </p> + <p> + Then King Gunther spake: "It doth rue me sore, forsooth. My Lady Brunhild + hath told me here a tale, that thou hast boasted thou wast the first to + clasp her lovely body in thine arms; this Lady Kriemhild, thy wife, doth + say." + </p> + <p> + Then spake Lord Siegfried: "And she hath told this tale, she shall rue it + sore, or ever I turn back, and I'll clear me with solemn oaths in front of + all thy men, that I have not told her this." + </p> + <p> + Quoth the king of the Rhineland: "Let that be seen. The oath thou dost + offer, and let it now be given, shall free thee of all false charges." + </p> + <p> + They bade the proud Burgundians form a ring. Siegfried, the bold, + stretched out his hand for the oath; then spake the mighty king: "Thy + great innocence is so well known to me, that I will free thee of that of + which my sister doth accuse thee and say, thou hast never done this + thing." + </p> + <p> + Siegfried replied: "If it boot my lady aught to have thus saddened + Brunhild, that will surely cause me boundless grief." + </p> + <p> + Then the lusty knights and good gazed one upon the other. "One should so + train women," spake again Siegfried, the knight, "that they leave haughty + words unsaid. Forbid it to thy wife, and I'll do the same to mine. In + truth, I do shame me of her great discourtesie." + </p> + <p> + Many fair ladies were parted by the speech. Brunhild mourned so sore, that + it moved King Gunther's men to pity. Then came Hagen of Troneg to his + sovran lady. He found her weeping, and asked what grief she had. She told + him then the tale. On the spot he vowed that Kriemhild's lord should rue + it sore, or he would nevermore be glad. Ortwin and Gernot joined their + parley and these heroes counseled Siegfried's death. Giselher, the son of + the noble Uta, came hither too. When he heard the talk, he spake full + true: "Ye trusty knights, wherefore do ye this? Siegfried hath not merited + forsooth such hate, that he should therefore lose his life. Certes, women + oft grow angry over little things." + </p> + <p> + "Shall we then raise cuckolds?" answered Hagen; "such good knights would + gain from that but little honor. Because he hath boasted of my liege lady, + I will rather die, an' it cost him not his life." + </p> + <p> + Then spake the king himself: "He hath shown us naught but love and honor, + so let him live. What booteth it, if I now should hate the knight? He was + ever faithful to us and that right willingly." + </p> + <p> + Knight Ortwin of Metz then spake: "His great prowess shall not in sooth + avail him aught. If my lord permit, I'll do him every evil." + </p> + <p> + So without cause the heroes had declared a feud against him. In this none + followed, save that Hagen counselled all time Knight Gunther the that if + Siegfried no longer lived, then many kingly lands would own his sway. At + this the king grew sad, so they let it rest. + </p> + <p> + Jousting was seen once more. Ho, what stout shafts they splintered before + the minster in the presence of Siegfried's wife, even down to the hall! + Enow of Gunther's men were now in wrath. The king spake: "Let be this + murderous rage, he is born to our honor and to our joy. Then, too, the + wonderly bold man is so fierce of strength, that none durst match him, if + he marked it." + </p> + <p> + "No, not he," spake Hagen then, "Ye may well keep still; I trow to bring + it to pass in secret, that he rue Brunhild's tears. Certes, Hagen hath + broken with him for all time." + </p> + <p> + Then spake King Gunther: "How might that chance?" + </p> + <p> + To this Hagen made answer: "I'll let you hear. We'll bid messengers, that + be not known to any here, ride into our land, to declare war upon us + openly. Then do ye say before your guests that ye and your men will take + the field. When that is done, he will vow to serve you then and from this + he shall lose his life, an' I learn the tale from the bold knight's wife." + </p> + <p> + The king followed his liegeman Hagen in evil wise. These chosen knights + gan plan great faithlessness, or ever any one was ware. From two women's + quarreling full many a hero lost his life. + </p> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + ENDNOTES: + (1) "Leman" (M.E. "lemman", O.E. "leof mann", 'lief man', i.e., + 'dear one'), 'mistress' in a bad sense. +</pre> + <p> + <a name="link2H_4_0019"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + ADVENTURE XV. How Siegfried Was Betrayed. + </h2> + <p> + Upon the fourth morning two and thirty men were seen to ride to court and + the tale was brought to mighty Gunther that war had been declared. The + very direst woes befell fair women from a lie. They gained leave to come + before the king and say that they were Liudeger's men, whom Siegfried's + hand had conquered afore and had brought as hostages to Gunther's land. He + greeted then the messengers and bade them go and seat them. One among them + spake: "My lord, pray let us stand till we have told the message we do + bear you. This know, ye have of a truth many a mother's son as foe. + Liudegast and Liudeger, whom ye one time gave grievous sores, declare a + feud against you and are minded to ride with an army to this land." The + king waxed wroth when he heard This tale. + </p> + <p> + Men bade lead the perjurers to their lodgings. How might Siegfried, or any + else against whom they plotted, ware himself against their wiles? This + later brought great sorrow to them all. The king walked whispering with + his friends; Hagen of Troneg never let him rest. Enow of the king's + liegemen would fain have parted the strife, but Hagen would not give up + his plan. On a day Siegfried found them whispering. The hero of Netherland + gan ask: "How go the king and his men so sadly? I'll help avenge it, hath + any done you aught." + </p> + <p> + Then spake King Gunther: "I am rightly sad. Liudegast and Liudeger have + challenged me to war; they are minded to ride openly into my land." + </p> + <p> + At this the bold knight said: "Siegfried's hand shall hinder that with + zeal, as beseemeth all your honors. I'll do yet to these knights as I did + before; I'll lay waste their lands, or ever I turn again. Be my head your + pledge of this. Ye and your warriors shall stay at home and let me ride to + meet them with those I have. I'll let you see how fain I serve you. This + know, through me it shall go evil with your foes." + </p> + <p> + "Well is me of these tidings," spake then the king, as though he were glad + in earnest of this aid. With guile the faithless man bowed low. + </p> + <p> + Quoth Lord Siegfried: "Ye shall have small care." + </p> + <p> + Then they made ready for the journey hence with the men-at-arms. This was + done for Siegfried and his men to see. He, too, bade those of Netherland + get them ready. Siegfried's warriors sought out warlike weeds. Then the + stalwart Siegfried spake: "My father Siegmund, ye must stay here. We shall + return in short space hither to the Rhine, and God give us luck. Ye must + here make merry with the king." + </p> + <p> + They tied fast their banners, as though they would away, and there were + enow of Gunther's men who wist not wherefore this was done. Great rout of + men was seen at Siegfried's side. They bound their helmets and their + breastplates upon the steeds, and many a stout knight made ready to quit + the land. Then Hagen of Troneg went to find Kriemhild and asked for leave; + sith they would void the land. + </p> + <p> + "Now well is me," spake Kriemhild, "that I have won a husband who dare + protect so well my loving kinsfolk, as my Lord Siegfried doth here. + Therefore," spake the queen, "will I be glad of heart. Dear friend Hagen, + think on that, that I do serve you gladly and never yet did bear you hate. + Requite this now to me in my dear husband. Let him not suffer, if I have + done to Brunhild aught. I since have rued it," spake the noble wife. + "Moreover, he since hath beaten me black and blue; the brave hero and a + good hath well avenged that ever I spake what grieved her heart." + </p> + <p> + "Ye'll be friends once more after some days. Kriemhild, dear lady, pray + tell me how I may serve you in your husband Siegfried. Liefer will I do + this for you than for any else." + </p> + <p> + "I should be without all fear," quoth the noble dame, "that any one would + take his life in the fray, if he would not follow his overweening mood; + then the bold knight and a good were safe." + </p> + <p> + "Lady," spake then Hagen, "an' ye do think that men might wound him, pray + let me know with what manner of arts I can prevent this. On foot, on + horse, will I ever be his guard." + </p> + <p> + She spake: "Thou art my kinsman and I am thine. I'll commend to thee + trustingly the dear lover of mine, that thou mayst guard him well, mine + own dear husband." She made him acquaint with tales which had been better + left unsaid. She spake: "My husband is brave and strong enow. When he slew + the dragon on the hill, the lusty warrior bathed him of a truth in the + blood, so that since then no weapon ever cut him in the fray. Yet am I in + fear, whenever he standeth in the fight and many javelins are cast by + heroes' hands, that I may lose this dear husband of mine. Alas, how oft I + suffer sore for Siegfried's sake! Dear kinsman, in the hope that thou wilt + hold thy troth with me, I'll tell thee where men may wound the dear lord + of mine. I let thee hear this, 'tis done in faith. When the hot blood + gushed from the dragon's wounds and the bold hero and a good bathed him + therein, a broad linden leaf did fall betwixt his shoulder blades. + Therefore am I sore afraid that men may cut him there." + </p> + <p> + Then spake Hagen of Troneg: "Sew a small mark upon his coat, whereby I may + know where I must guard him, when we stand in battle." + </p> + <p> + She weened to save her knight, but 'twas done unto his death. She spake: + "With fine silk I'll sew a secret cross upon his vesture. There, knight, + thy hand must guard my husband, when the strife is on and he standeth in + the battle before his foes." + </p> + <p> + "That will I well, dear my lady," Hagen then replied. + </p> + <p> + The lady weened that it would boot him aught, but Kriemhild's husband was + thereby betrayed. Hagen then took leave; merrily he hied him hence. The + king's liegeman was blithe of mood. I ween that nevermore will warrior + give such false counsel, as was done by him when Kriemhild trusted in his + troth. + </p> + <p> + Next morning Siegfried with a thousand of his men rode merrily forth. He + weened he should avenge the grievance of his kinsmen. Hagen rode so near + him that he could eye his clothes. When he saw the sign, he sent in secret + twain of his men, who should tell another tale: that Gunther's land should + still have peace and that Liudeger had sent them to the king. How loth + Siegfried now rode home again, or ever he had avenged his kinsmen's + wrongs! Gunther's men could hardly turn him back. He rode then to the + king; the host gan thank him. "Now God requite you of your will, friend + Siegfried, that ye do so willingly what I bid you. For this I'll ever + serve you, as I rightly should. I trust you more than all my friends. Now + that we be rid of this foray, I am minded to ride a-hunting for bears and + boars to the Vosges forest, as I have done oft-time." That Hagen, the + faithless knight, had counseled. "Let it be told to all my guests, that we + ride betimes. Those that would hunt with me must make them ready. If any + choose to stay at home to court the ladies, that liketh me as well." + </p> + <p> + Then spake Sir Siegfried in lordly wise: "And ye would a-hunting, I'd fain + go with you. Pray lend me a huntsman and some brach, (1) and I will ride + to the pines." + </p> + <p> + "Will ye have but one?" spake the king anon. "I'll lend you, an' ye will, + four men to whom both wood and paths be known where the game is wont to + go, and who will not let you miss the camp." + </p> + <p> + Then rode the full lusty warrior to his wife, whilst Hagen quickly told + the king how he thought to trap the doughty knight. A man should never use + such faithlessness. + </p> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + ENDNOTES: + (1) "Brach", 'hunting dog', cognate with M.H.G. "bracke", used + here. +</pre> + <p> + <a name="link2H_4_0020"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + ADVENTURE XVI. How Siegfried Was Slain. + </h2> + <p> + Gunther and Hagen, the passing bold knights, faithlessly let cry a-hunting + in the woods, that with sharp spears they would hunt boars and bears and + bison. What might be braver? With them rode Siegfried in lordly guise; + many kinds of victual did they take along. At a cool spring he later lost + his life, the which Brunhild, King Gunther's wife, had counseled. The bold + knight then went to where he found Kriemhild. His costly hunting garb and + those of his fellowship were already bound upon the sumpters, for they + would cross the Rhine. Never could Kriemhild have been more sorrowful. He + kissed his love upon her mouth. "God let me see thee, lady, still in + health and grant that thine eyes may see me too. Thou shalt have pastime + with thy loving kinsmen. I may not stay at home." + </p> + <p> + Then she thought of the tale she had told to Hagen, though she durst not + say a whit. The noble queen began to rue that she was ever born. Lord + Siegfried's wife wept out of measure. She spake to the knight: "Let be + your hunting. I had an evil dream last night, how two wild boars did chase + you across the heath; then flowers grew red. I have in truth great cause + to weep so sore. I be much adread of sundry plans and whether we have not + misserved some who might bear us hostile hate. Tarry here, dear my lord, + that I counsel by my troth." + </p> + <p> + He spake: "Dear love, I'll come back in a few short days. I wot not here + of people who bear me aught of hate. Each and all of thy kinsmen be my + friends, nor have I deserved it other of the knights." + </p> + <p> + "No, no, Sir Siegfried, in truth I fear thy fall. I had last night an evil + dream, how two mountains fell upon thee. I saw thee nevermore. It doth cut + me to the heart, that thou wilt part from me." + </p> + <p> + In his arms he clasped his courteous wife and kissed her tenderly. Then in + a short space he took his leave and parted hence. Alas, she never saw him + in health again. + </p> + <p> + Then they rode from thence into a deep wood for pastime's sake. Many bold + knights did follow Gunther and his men, but Gernot and Giselher stayed at + home. Many laden sumpters were sent before them across the Rhine, the + which bare for the hunting fellowship bread and wine, meat and fish, and + great store of other things, which so mighty a king might rightly have. + They bade the proud huntsmen and bold halt before a green wood over + against the courses of the game, upon a passing broad glade where they + should hunt. The king was told that Siegfried, too, was come. The hunting + fellowship now took their stand on every side. Then the bold knight, the + sturdy Siegfried, asked: "Ye heroes bold and brave, who shall lead us to + the game within the wood?" + </p> + <p> + "Let us part," spake Hagen, "ere we begin the chase. Thereby my lords and + I may know who be the best hunter on this woodland journey. Let us divide + the folk and hounds and let each turn whithersoever he list. He who doth + hunt the best shall have our thanks." Short time the huntsmen bided by + another after that. + </p> + <p> + Then spake Lord Siegfried: "I need no dogs save one brach that hath been + trained that he can tell the track of the beasts through the pine woods." + Quoth Kriemhild's husband: "We'll find the game." + </p> + <p> + Then an old huntsman took a good sleuth-hound and in a short space brought + the lord to where many beasts were found. Whatso rose from its lair the + comrades hunted as good hunters still are wont to do. Whatever the brach + started, bold Siegfried, the hero of Netherland, slew with his hand. His + horse did run so hard that none escaped him. In the chase he gained the + prize above them all. Doughty enow he was in all things. The beast which + he slew with his hands was the first, a mighty boar; after which he found + full soon a monstrous lion. (1) When the brach started this from its lair, + he shot it with his bow, in which he had placed a full sharp arrow. After + the shot the lion ran the space of but three bounds. The hunting + fellowship gave Siegfried thanks. Thereafter he speedily slew a bison and + an elk, four strong ure-oxen, (2) and a savage shelk. (3) His horse bare + him so swiftly that naught escaped him, nor could hart or hind avoid him. + Then the sleuth-hound found a mighty boar; when he began to flee, at once + there came the master of the hunt and encountered him upon his path. + Wrathfully the boar did run against the valiant hero, but Kriemhild's + husband slew him with his sword. Another huntsman might not have done this + deed so lightly. When he had felled him, they leashed the sleuth-hound; + his rich booty was soon well known to the Burgundian men. + </p> + <p> + Then spake his huntsman: "Sir Siegfried, if might so be, let us leave a + deal of the beasts alive. Ye'll empty both our hill and woods to-day." + </p> + <p> + At this the brave knight and a bold gan smile. Then the calls of men and + the baying of hounds were heard on every side; so great was the noise that + both hill and pine woods echoed with the sound. The huntsmen had let loose + full four and twenty packs. Then passing many beasts must needs lose their + lives. Each man weened to bring it to pass that men should give him the + prize of the hunt; that might not be, for the stalwart Siegfried was + already standing by the fire. The chase was over, and yet not quite. Those + who would to the camp-fire brought with them thither hides of many beasts + and game in plenty. Ho, how much the king's meiny bare then to the + kitchen! + </p> + <p> + Then bade the king announce to the huntsman that he would dismount. A horn + was blown full loud just once, that all might know that one might find the + noble prince in camp. Spake then one of Siegfried's huntsmen: "My lord, I + heard by the blast of a horn that we must now hie us to the quarters; I'll + now give answer." + </p> + <p> + Thus by many blasts of horns they asked about the hunters. Then spake Sir + Siegfried: "Now let us leave the pine wood!" His steed bare him smoothly + and with him they hasted hence. With their rout they started up a savage + beast; a wild bear it was. Quoth then the knight to those behind: "I'll + give our fellowship a little pastime. Let loose the brach. Forsooth I spy + a bear which shall journey with us to the camp. Flee he never so fast, he + shall not escape us." + </p> + <p> + The brach was loosed, the bear sprang hence; Kriemhild's husband would + fain overtake him. He reached a thicket, where none could follow. The + mighty beast weened now to escape from the hunter with his life, but the + proud knight and a good leaped from his steed and began to chase him. The + bear was helpless and could not flee away. At once the hero caught it and + bound it quickly with not a wound, so that it might neither scratch nor + bite the men. The doughty knight then tied it to his saddle and horsed him + quickly. Through his overweening mood the bold warrior and a good brought + it to the camp-fire as a pastime. In what lordly wise he rode to the + quarters! Mickle was his boar-spear, strong and broad. A dainty sword hung + downward to his spurs. The lord bare also a fair horn of ruddy gold. Never + heard I tale of better hunting weeds. One saw him wear a coat of black and + silky cloth and a hat of sable: rich enow it was. Ho, what costly bands he + wore upon his quiver! A panther's skin was drawn over it for its sweet + fragrance' (4) sake. He bare a bow, which any but the hero must needs draw + back with a windlass, and he would bend it. His vesture was befurred with + otter skin (5) from head to toe. From the bright fur shone out on both + sides of the bold master of the hunt many a bar of gold. Balmung (6) he + also bare, a good broad sword, that was so sharp that it never failed when + 'twas wielded 'gainst a helmet; its edge was good. In high spirits was the + lordly huntsman. Sith I must tell you all the tale, his costly quiver was + full of goodly darts, the heads a full hand's breadth, on golden shafts. + What he pierced therewith must needs die soon. + </p> + <p> + Thus the noble knight rode hence in hunter's garb. Gunther's men espied + him coming and ran out to meet him and took his horse in charge. On his + saddle he carried a large bear and a strong. When he had dismounted, he + loosed the bonds from feet and snout. Those of the pack bayed loudly, that + spied the bear. The beast would to the woods; the serving folk had fear. + Dazed by the din, the bear made for the kitchen. Ho, how he drove the + scullions from the fire! Many a kettle was upset and many a firebrand + scattered. Ho, what good victual men found lying in the ashes! Then the + lordings and their liegemen sprang from their scats. The bear grew furious + and the king bade loose the pack that lay enleashed. Had all sped well, + they would have had a merry day. No longer the doughty men delayed, but + ran for the bear with bows and pikes. There was such press of dogs that + none might shoot, but from the people's shouts the whole hill rang. The + bear began to flee before the dogs; none could follow him but Kriemhild's + husband, who caught and slew him with his sword. Then they bore the bear + again to the fire. Those that saw it, averred he was a mighty man. + </p> + <p> + Men bade now the proud hunting fellowship seat them at the tables. Upon a + fair mead there sate a goodly company. Ho, what rich viands they bare + there to the noble huntsmen! The butlers who should bring the wine + delayed; else might never heroes have been better served. Had they not + been so falsely minded, then had the knights been free of every blame. + </p> + <p> + Now the Lord Siegfried spake: "Me-wondereth, since men do give us such + great store from the kitchen, why the butlers bring us not the wine. + Unless men purvey the hunters better, I'll be no more your hunting-fellow. + I have well deserved that they regard me, too." + </p> + <p> + The king addressed him from his seat with guile: "We fain would do you + remedy of what we lack. It is Hagen's fault, who is willed to let us die + of thirst." + </p> + <p> + Then spake Hagen: "Dear my lord, I weened that the hunt should be in the + Spessart (7) wood, therefore sent I thither the wine. Though we may not + drink to-day, how well will I avoid this in the future!" + </p> + <p> + At this Lord Siegfried spake: "Small thanks ye'll get for that. One should + have brought me hither seven sumpter loads of mead and mulled wine. (8) If + that might not be, then men should have placed our benches nearer to the + Rhine." + </p> + <p> + Then spake Hagen of Troneg: "Ye noble knights and bold, I wot near by a + good cold spring. Let us go thither, that ye wax not wroth." + </p> + <p> + To the danger of many a knight was this counsel given. The pangs of thirst + now plagued the warrior Siegfried. He bade the tables be borne away the + sooner, for he would go to the spring in the mountains. With false intent + the counsel was then given by the knights. They bade the game which + Siegfried's hand had slain, be carried home on wains. Whoever saw it gave + him great laud. Hagen of Troneg now foully broke his troth to Siegfried. + When they would hence to the broad linden, he spake: "It hath oft been + told me, that none can keep pace with Kriemhild's husband when he be + minded for to race. Ho, if he would only let us see it here!" + </p> + <p> + Bold Siegfried from Netherland then answered: "Ye can well test that, and + ye will run a race with me to the spring. When that is done, we call give + the prize to him who winneth." + </p> + <p> + "So let us try it then," quoth Hagen, the knight. + </p> + <p> + Spake the sturdy Siegfried: "Then will I lay me down on the green sward at + your feet." (9) + </p> + <p> + How lief it was to Gunther, when he heard these words! Then the bold + knight spake again: "I'll tell you more. I'll take with me all my + trappings, my spear and shield and all my hunting garb." Around him he + quickly girded his quiver and his sword. + </p> + <p> + Then they drew the clothes from off their limbs; men saw them stand in two + white shifts. Like two wild panthers through the clover they ran, but men + spied bold Siegfried first at the spring. In all things he bare away the + prize from many a man. Quickly he ungirt his sword and laid aside his + quiver and leaned the stout spear against a linden bough. The lordly + stranger stood now by the flowing spring. Passing great was Siegfried's + courtesie. He laid down his shield where the spring gushed forth, but the + hero drank not, albeit he thirsted sore until the king had drunk, who gave + him evil thanks. Cool, clear, and good was the spring. Gunther stooped + down then to the flowing stream, and when he had drunken straightened up + again. Bold Siegfried would fain also have done the same, but now he paid + for his courtesie. Hagen bare quite away from him both bow and sword and + bounded then to where he found the spear; then he looked for the mark on + bold Siegfried's coat. As Lord Siegfried drank above the spring, he + pierced him through the cross, so that his heart's blood spurted from the + wounds almost on Hagen's clothes. Nevermore will hero do so foul a deed. + Hagen left the spear a-sticking in his heart and fled more madly than he + ever in the world had run from any man. + </p> + <p> + When Lord Siegfried felt the mighty wound, up from the spring he started + in a rage. From betwixt his shoulder blades a long spear-shaft towered. He + weened to find his bow or his sword, and then had Hagen been repaid as he + deserved. But when the sorely wounded hero found no trace of his sword, + then had he naught else but his shield. This he snatched from the spring + and ran at Hagen; nor could King Gunther's man escape him. Albeit he was + wounded unto death, yet he smote so mightily that a plenty of precious + stones were shaken from the shield. The shield itself burst quite apart. + Fain would the lordly stranger have avenged him. Now was Hagen fallen to + the ground at his hands, and from the force of the blow the glade rang + loudly. Had he had a sword in hand, then had it been Hagen's death, so + sore enraged was the wounded man. Forsooth he had good cause thereof. His + hue grew pale, he could not stand; his strength of body melted quite away, + for in bright colors he bore the signs of death. Thereafter he was + bewailed by fair dames enow. + </p> + <p> + Kriemhild's husband fell now among the flowers. Fast from his wounds his + blood was seen to gush. He began to rail, as indeed he had great cause, at + those who had planned this treacherous death. The deadly wounded spake: + "Forsooth, ye evil cowards, what avail my services now that ye have slain + me? This is my reward that I was always faithful to you. Alas, ye have + acted ill against your kinsmen. Those of them who are born in after days + will be disgraced. Ye have avenged your wrath too sore upon me. With shame + shall ye be parted from all good warriors." + </p> + <p> + The knights all ran to where he lay slain. For enow of them it was a + hapless day. He was bewailed by those who had aught of loyalty, and this + the brave and lusty knight had well deserved. The king of the Burgundians + bemoaned his death. Quoth the deadly wounded: "There is no need that he + should weep who hath done the damage; he doth merit mickle blame. It had + been better left undone." + </p> + <p> + Then spake the fierce Hagen: "Forsooth I wot not what ye now bewail. All + our fear and all our woe have now an end. We shall find scant few who dare + withstand us now. Well is me, that to his rule I have put an end." + </p> + <p> + "Ye may lightly boast you," Siegfried then replied. "Had I wist your + murderous bent, I had well guarded my life against you. None doth rue me + so sore as Lady Kriemhild, my wife. Now may God have pity that I ever had + a son to whom the reproach will be made in after days, that his kindred + have slain a man with murderous intent. If I might," so spake Siegfried, + "I should rightly make complaint of this." Piteously the deadly wounded + spake again: "Noble king, if ye will keep your troth to any in the world, + then let my dear love be commended to your grace and let it avail her that + she be your sister. For the sake of your princely courtesie protect her + faithfully. My father and my men must wait long time for me. Never was + woman sorer wounded in a loving friend." + </p> + <p> + The flowers on every side were wet with blood. With death he struggled, + but not for long, sith the sword of death had cut him all too sorely. Then + the lusty warrior and a brave could speak no more. + </p> + <p> + When the lordings saw that the knight was dead, they laid him on a shield + of ruddy gold and took counsel how they might conceal that Hagen had done + the deed. Enow of them spake: "Ill hath it gone with us. Ye must all hide + it and aver alike that robbers slew Kriemhild's husband as he rode alone + a-hunting through the pine wood." + </p> + <p> + Then Hagen of Troneg spake: "I'll bring him home; I care not if it be + known to her, for she hath saddened Brunhild's heart. Little doth it + trouble me however much she weep." + </p> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + ENDNOTES: + (1) "Lion." It is hardly necessary to state that lions did not + roam at large in the forests of Germany. They were, + however, frequently exhibited in the Middle Ages, and the + poet introduced one here to enhance Siegfried's fame as a + hunter. + (2) "Ure-oxen", the auerochs, or European bison, now practically + extinct. + (3) "Shelk" (M.H.G. "schelch"), probably a species of giant + deer. + (4) "Fragrance". It was believed that the odor of the panther + attracted the game. Compare the description of the panther + in the older "Physiologus", where the odor is said to + surpass that of all ointments. + (5) "Otter" translates here M.H.G. "ludem", whose exact + connotation is not known. Some interpret it to meau the + fish otter, others the "Waldschrat", a kind of faun. + (6) "Balmung", see Adventure III, note 7. + (7) "Spessart wood" lies forty to fifty miles east of Worms and + is therefore too distant for a day's hunt, but such trifles + did not disturb the poet. + (8) "Mulled wine", see Adventure VIII, note 5. + (9) "Feet". This was probably done as a handicap. The time + consumed in rising to his feet would give his opponent quite + a start. +</pre> + <p> + <a name="link2H_4_0021"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + ADVENTURE XVII. How Kriemhild Mourned Her Husband And How He Was Buried. + </h2> + <p> + Then they waited for the night and crossed the Rhine. Never had heroes + hunted worse. Noble maids bewept the game they slew. Forsooth many good + warriors must needs atone for this in after days. Now ye may hear a tale + of great overweening and dire revenge. Hagen bade carry Siegfried of the + Nibelung land, thus dead, before the bower where Kriemhild lodged. He bade + place him stealthily against the door, that she might find him when she + went forth before the break of day to matins, which Lady Kriemhild full + seldom missed through sleep. + </p> + <p> + Men rang the minster bells according to their custom. Lady Kriemhild, the + fair, now waked her many maids and bade them bring a light and her + vesture, too. Then came a chamberlain and found Siegfried there. He saw + him red with blood, his clothes all wet. He wist not it was his lord, but + with the light in his hand he hasted to the bower and through this Lady + Kriemhild learned the baneful tale. As she would set out with her ladies + for the minster, the chamberlain spake: "Pray stay your feet, there doth + lie before the chamber a knight, slain unto death." + </p> + <p> + Kriemhild gan make passing sore wail, or ever she heard aright that it was + her husband. She began to think of Hagen's question, of how he might + protect him. Then first she suffered dole; she renounced all pleasure at + his death. To the earth she sank, not a word she spake, and here they + found lying the hapless fair. Passing great grew Kriemhild's woe. After + her faint, she shrieked, that all the chamber rang. Then her meiny said: + "Perchance it is a stranger knight." + </p> + <p> + The blood gushed from her mouth, from dole of heart; she spake: "'Tis + Siegfried, mine own dear husband. Brunhild hath counseled this and Hagen + hath done the deed." + </p> + <p> + The lady bade them lead her to where the hero lay. With her white hand she + raised his head, and though it was red with blood, she knew him soon. + There lay the hero of the Nibelung land in piteous guise. The gracious + queen cried sadly: "Oh, woe is me of my sorrow! Thy shield is not carved + with swords, thou liest murdered here. Wist I who hath done the deed, I'd + ever plot his death." + </p> + <p> + All her maids made mourn and wailed with their dear lady, for they grieved + full sore for their noble lord whom they had lost. Hagen had cruelly + avenged the wrath of Brunhild. + </p> + <p> + Then spake the grief-stricken dame: "Go now and wake with haste all + Siegfried's men. Tell Siegmund also of my grief, mayhap he'll help me + bewail brave Siegfried." + </p> + <p> + A messenger ran quickly to where lay Siegfried's warriors from the + Nibelung land, and with his baleful tidings stole their joy. They could + scarce believe it, till they heard the weeping. Right soon the messenger + came to where the king did lie. Siegmund, the lord, was not asleep. I trow + his heart did tell him what had happed. Never again might he see his dear + son alive. + </p> + <p> + "Awake, Sir Siegmund; Kriemhild, my lady, bade me go to fetch you. A wrong + hath been done her that doth cut her to the heart, more than all other + ills. Ye must help her mourn, for much it doth concern you." + </p> + <p> + Siegmund sat up; he spake: "What are fair Kriemhild's ills, of which thou + tellest me?" + </p> + <p> + Weeping the messenger spake: "I cannot hide them from you; alas, bold + Siegfried of Netherland is slain." + </p> + <p> + Quoth Siegmund: "For my sake let be this jesting and such evil tales, that + thou shouldst tell any that he be dead, for I might never bewail him fully + before my death." + </p> + <p> + "If ye will believe naught of what ye hear me say, then you may hear + yourself Kriemhild and all her maids bewailing Siegfried's death." + </p> + <p> + Siegmund then was sore affrighted, as indeed he had great need. He and a + hundred of his men sprang from their beds and grasped with their hands + their long sharp swords. In sorrow they ran toward the sound of wail. Then + came a thousand men-at-arms, bold Siegfried's men. When they heard the + ladies wail so pitifully, some first grew ware that they should dress + them. Forsooth they lost their wits for very sorrow. Great heaviness was + buried in their hearts. + </p> + <p> + Then King Siegmund came to where he found Kriemhild. He spake: "Alas for + the journey hither to this land! Who hath so foully bereft me of my child + and you of your husband among such good friends?" + </p> + <p> + "Oh, if I knew him," spake the noble wife, "neither my heart nor soul + would ever wish him well. I would plan such ill against him that his kin + must ever weep because of me." + </p> + <p> + Around the prince Lord Siegmund threw his arms. So great grew the sorrow + of his kin, that the palace, the hall, and the town of Worms resounded + from the mighty wail and weeping. None might now comfort Siegfried's wife. + They stripped off the clothes from his fair body; they washed his wounds + and laid him on the bier. Woe were his people from their mighty grief. + Then spake his warriors from the Nibelung land: "Our hands be ever ready + to avenge him; he liveth in this castle who hath done the deed." + </p> + <p> + All of Siegfried's men hasted then to arms. These chosen knights came with + their shields, eleven hundred men-at-arms, whom Lord Siegmund had in his + troop. He would fain avenge the death of his son, as indeed he had great + need. They wist not to whom they should address their strife, unless it be + to Gunther and his men, with whom Lord Siegfried had ridden to the hunt. + </p> + <p> + Kriemhild saw them armed, which rued her sore. However great her grief and + how dire her need, yet she did so mightily fear the death of the Nibelungs + at the hands of her brothers' liegemen, that she tried to hinder it. In + kindly wise she warned them, as kinsmen do to loving kin. The + grief-stricken woman spake: "My Lord Siegmund, what will ye do? Ye wot + naught aright; forsooth King Gunther hath so many valiant men, ye will all + be lost, and ye would encounter these knights." + </p> + <p> + With their shields uncovered, the men stood eager for the fight. The noble + queen both begged and bade that the lusty knights avoid it. When they + would not give it over, sorely it grieved her. She spake: "Lord Siegmund, + ye must let it be until more fitting time, then I'll avenge my husband + with you. An' I receive proof who hath bereft me of him, I'll do him + scathe. There be too many haughty warriors by the Rhine, wherefore I will + not counsel you to fight. They have full well thirty men to each of ours. + Now God speed them, as they deserve of us. Stay ye here and bear with me + my dole. When it beginneth to dawn, help me, ye lusty knights, to coffin + the dear husband of mine." + </p> + <p> + Quoth the knights: "That shall be done." + </p> + <p> + None might tell you all the marvel of knights and ladies, how they were + heard to wail, so that even in the town men marked the sound of weeping. + The noble burghers hasted hither. With the guests they wept, for they, + too, were sore aggrieved. None had told them of any guilt of Siegfried, or + for what cause the noble warrior lost his life. The wives of the worthy + burghers wept with the ladies of the court. Men bade smiths haste to work + a coffin of silver and of gold, mickle and strong, and make it firm with + strips of good hard steel. Sad of heart were all the folk. + </p> + <p> + The night was gone, men said the day was dawning. Then the noble lady bade + them bear Lord Siegfried, her loved husband, to the minster. Whatever + friends he had there were seen weeping as they went. Many bells were + ringing as they brought him to the church. On every side one heard the + chant of many priests. Then came King Gunther with his men and grim Hagen + also toward the sound of wail. He spake: "Alas for thy wrongs, clear + sister, that we may not be free from this great scathe. We must ever + lament for Siegfried's death." + </p> + <p> + "That ye do without cause," spake the sorrow-laden wife. "Were this loth + to you, it never would have happed. I may well aver, ye thought not on me, + when I thus was parted from my dear husband. Would to God," quoth + Kriemhild, "that it had happed to me." + </p> + <p> + Firmly they made denial. Kriemhild gan speak: "Whoso declareth him + guiltless, let him show that now. He must walk to the bier before all the + folk; thereby one may know the truth eftsoon." + </p> + <p> + This is a great marvel, which oft doth hap; whenever the blood-stained + murderer is seen to stand by the dead, the latter's wounds do bleed, (1) + as indeed happed here, whereby one saw the guilt was Hagen's. The wounds + bled sore, as they had done at first. Much greater grew the weeping of + those who wailed afore. + </p> + <p> + Then spake King Gunther: "I'd have you know that robbers slew him; Hagen + did not do the deed." + </p> + <p> + "I know these robbers well," quoth she. "Now may God yet let his friends + avenge it. Certes, Gunther and Hagen, 'twas done by you." + </p> + <p> + Siegfried's knights were now bent on strife. Then Kriemhild spake again: + "Now share with me this grief." + </p> + <p> + Gernot, her brother, and young Giselher, these twain now came to where + they found him dead. They mourned him truly with the others; Kriemhild's + men wept inly. Now should mass be sung, so on every side, men, wives, and + children did hie them to the minster. Even those who might lightly bear + his loss, wept then for Siegfried. Gernot and Giselher spake: "Sister + mine, now comfort thee after this death, as needs must be. We'll try to + make it up to thee, the while we live." + </p> + <p> + Yet none in the world might give her comfort. His coffin was ready well + towards midday. From the bier whereon he lay they raised him. The lady + would not have that he be buried, so that all the folk had mickle trouble. + In a rich cloth of silk they wound the dead. I ween, men found none there + that did not weep. Uta, the noble dame, and all her meiny mourned bitterly + the stately man. When it was noised abroad that men sang in the minster + and had encoffined him, then rose a great press of folk. What offerings + they made for his soul's sake! He had good friends enow among these foes. + Poor Kriemhild spake to her chamberlains: "Ye must now be put to trouble + for my sake, ye who wished him well and be my friends. For Siegfried's + soul shall ye deal out his gold." + </p> + <p> + No child, however small, that had its wits, but must go to service, or + ever he was buried. Better than a hundred masses were sung that day. Great + throng was there of Siegfried's friends. + </p> + <p> + When that mass was sung, the folk went hence. Then Lady Kriemhild spake: + "Pray let me not hold vigil over the chosen knight this night alone. With + him all my joys have come to fall. I will let him lie in state three days + and nights, until I sate me with my dear lord. What if God doth bid that + death should take me too. Then had ended well the grief of me, poor + Kriemhild." + </p> + <p> + The people of the town returned now to their lodgings. She begged the + priests and monks and all his retinue, that served the knight, to stay. + They spent full evil nights and toilsome days; many a man remained without + all food and drink. For those who would partake, it was made known that + men would give them to the full. This Sir Siegmund purveyed. Then were the + Nibelungs made acquaint with mickle toil. During the three days, as we + hear tell, those who knew how to sing, were made to bear a deal of work. + What offerings men brought them! Those who were very poor, grew rich enow. + Whatever of poor men there were, the which had naught, these were bid go + to mass with gold from Siegfried's treasure chamber. Since he might not + live, many thousand marks of gold were given for his soul. She dealt out + well-tilled lands, wherever cloisters and pious folk were found. Enow of + gold and silver was given to the poor. By her deeds she showed that she + did love him fondly. + </p> + <p> + Upon the third morning at time of mass, the broad churchyard by the + minster was full of weeping country folk. They served him after death, as + one should do to loving kin. In the four days, as hath been told, full + thirty thousand marks or better still were given to the poor for his + soul's sake. Yet his great beauty and his life lay low. When God had been + served and the chants were ended, much people fought 'gainst monstrous + grief. Men bade bear him from the minster to the grave. Those were seen to + weep and wail who missed him most. With loud laments the people followed + hence; none was merry, neither wife nor man. They sang and read a service + before they buried him. Ho, what good priests were present at his burial! + Ere Siegfried's wife was come to the grave, her faithful heart was rung + with grief, so that they must needs oft sprinkle her with water from the + spring. Her pain was passing great; a mickle wonder it was that she ever + lived. Many a lady helped her in her plaint. + </p> + <p> + Then spake the queen: "Ye men of Siegfried, by your loyalty must ye prove + your love to me. Let me receive this little favor after all my woe, that I + may see once more his comely head." + </p> + <p> + She begged so long, with griefs strong will, that they must needs break + open the lordly casket. Then men brought the lady to where he lay. With + her white hand she raised his fair head and kissed the noble knight and + good, thus dead. Tears of blood her bright eyes wept from grief. Then + there happed a piteous parting. Men bare her hence, she could not walk, + and soon they found the high-born lady lying senseless. Fain would the + lovely fair have died of grief. + </p> + <p> + When they had now buried the noble lord, those who were come with him from + the Nibelung land were seen to suffer from unmeasured grief. Men found + Siegmund full seldom merry then. There were those that for three days + would neither eat nor drink for passing grief. Yet might they not so waste + away their bodies, but that they recovered from their sorrows, as still + happeneth oft enow. + </p> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + ENDNOTES: + (1) "Bleed". This was not only a popular superstition, but also + a legal practice in case of a murder when the criminal had + not been discovered, or if any one was suspected. The + suspected person was requested to approach the bier and + touch the body, in the belief that the blood would flow + afresh if the one touching the body were guilty. Our + passage is the first instance of its mention in German + literature. A similar one occurs in "Iwein", 1355-1364. + The usage was also known in France and England. See the + instances quoted by Jacob Grimm in his "Rechtsaltertumer", + 930. +</pre> + <p> + <a name="link2H_4_0022"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + ADVENTURE XVIII. How Siegmund Journeyed Home Again. + </h2> + <p> + Kriemhild's husband's father went to where he found her. Unto the queen he + spake: "We must unto our land; by the Rhine, I ween, we be unwelcome + guests. Kriemhild, dear lady, now journey with me to my lands. Albeit + treachery here in these lands hath bereft us of your noble husband, yet + should ye not requite this. I will be friendly to you for my dear son's + sake, of this shall ye have no doubt. Ye shall have, my lady, all the + power which Siegfried, the bold knight, gave you aforetime. The land and + also the crown shall be subject to you. All Siegfried's men shall serve + you gladly." + </p> + <p> + Then the squires were told that they must ride away. A mickle hurrying for + steeds was seen, for they were loth to stay with their deadly foes. Men + bade dames and maidens seek their robes. When that King Siegmund would + fain have ridden forth, Kriemhild's mother gan beg her that she stay there + with her kindred. + </p> + <p> + The royal lady answered: "That might hardly hap. How could I bear the + sight of him from whom such great wrong hath happed to me, poor wife?" + </p> + <p> + Then spake young Giselher: "Dear sister mine, by thy troth thou shouldst + stay here with thy mother. Thou dost need no service of them that have + grieved thee and saddened thy mood. Live from my goods alone." + </p> + <p> + To the warrior she spake: "Certes, it may not hap, for I should die of + dole whenever I should gaze on Hagen." + </p> + <p> + "I'll give thee rede for that, dear sister mine. Thou shalt live with thy + brother Giselher, and of a truth I'll comfort thee of thy husband's + death." + </p> + <p> + Then answered the hapless wife: "Of that hath Kriemhild need." + </p> + <p> + When the youth had made her such kindly offer, then gan Uta and Gernot and + her faithful kin entreat. They begged her to tarry there, for but little + kith she had among Siegfried's men. + </p> + <p> + "They be all strangers to you," spake Gernot; "none that liveth is so + strong but that he must come to die. Consider that, dear sister, and + console your mind. Stay with your kinsfolk; ye shall fare well in truth." + </p> + <p> + Then she made vow to Giselher that she would stay. The steeds were brought + for Siegfried's men, sith they would ride to the Nibelung land. Also all + the trappings of the knights were packed upon the sumpters. Then the Lord + Siegmund hied him to Kriemhild's side. To the lady he spake: "Siegfried's + men are waiting by the steeds. Now must we ride away, for I be ill content + in Burgundy." + </p> + <p> + The Lady Kriemhild then replied: "All that I have of faithful kin advise + me that I stay here with them; I have no kith in the Nibelung land." + </p> + <p> + Loth it was to Siegmund, when that he found Kriemhild of this mind. He + spake: "Let no one tell you that. Before all my kinsmen ye shall wear the + crown with such sovran power as ye did aforetime. Ye shall not suffer, + because we have lost the knight. Ride also with us home again, for the + sake of your little child. Lady, ye should not leave him orphaned. When + your son groweth up, he will comfort your heart. Meanwhile many bold + heroes and good shall serve you." + </p> + <p> + "Sir Siegmund," quoth she, "forsooth I like not for to ride. Whatever + fortune, here must I tarry with my kindred, who help me mourn." + </p> + <p> + These tales gan now displease the doughty warriors. All spake alike: "We + might well aver that now first hath ill befallen us. If ye would stay here + with our foes, then have heroes never ridden to court more sorrowfully." + </p> + <p> + "Ye shall journey free of care, commended unto God; ye shall be given + safe-conduct to Siegmund's land, I'll bid them guard you well. To the care + of you knights shall my dear child be given." + </p> + <p> + When they marked that she would not go hence, then wept all of Siegmund's + men alike. How right sorrowfully Siegmund parted then from Lady Kriemhild! + He became acquaint with grief. "Woe worth this courtly feasting," spake + the noble king. "Through pastime will nevermore hap to king or to his + kinsmen, what here hath happed to us. Men shall see us nevermore in + Burgundy." + </p> + <p> + Then Siegfried's men spake openly: "A journey to this land might still + take place, if we discovered aright him who slew our lord. Enow of his + kinsmen be their deadly foes." + </p> + <p> + He kissed Kriemhild; how sorrowfully he spake, when he perceived aright + that she would stay: "Now let us ride joyless home unto our land, now + first do I feel all my sorrow." + </p> + <p> + Down to the Rhine from Worms they rode without an escort. They were surely + of the mind that they, the bold Nibelungs, could well defend them, should + they be encountered in hostile wise. Leave they asked of none, but Gernot + and Giselher were seen to go to Siegmund in loving wise. These brave and + lusty knights convinced him that they mourned his loss. Courteously Prince + Gernot spake: "God in heaven knoweth well that I be not to blame for + Siegfried's death, nor heard I ever that any was his foe. I mourn him + justly." + </p> + <p> + Giselher, the youth, gave them then safe-conduct. Sorrowly he led them + from the land home to Netherland. How few kinsman were found joyous then! + </p> + <p> + How they now fared at Worms I cannot tell. All time men heard Kriemhild + mourn, so that none might comfort her heart nor mind, save Giselher alone; + loyal he was and good. Brunhild, the fair, sate in overweening pride. How + Kriemhild wept, she recked not, nor did she ever show her love or troth. + Lady Kriemhild wrought her in after days the bitterest woe of heart. + </p> + <p> + <a name="link2H_4_0023"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + ADVENTURE XIX. How The Nibelung Hoard Was Brought to Worms. + </h2> + <p> + When the noble Kriemhild thus was widowed, the Margrave Eckewart with his + vassals stayed with her in the land, and served her alway. He also often + helped his mistress mourn his lord. At Worms, hard by the minster, they + built for her a dwelling, broad and passing large, costly and great, + where, with her maids, she since dwelt joyless. She liked for to go to + church and did this willingly. Where her love lay buried, thither she went + all time in mournful mood (how seldom she gave that over). She prayed the + good God to have mercy on her soul. With great fidelity she bewept the + knight full oft. Uta and her meiny comforted her all time, but so sorely + wounded was her heart, that it booted naught, whatever comfort men did + offer her. She had the greatest longing for her dear love, that ever wife + did have for loving husband. One might see thereby her passing virtue; + until her end she mourned, the while life lasted. In after days brave + Siegfried's wife avenged herself with might. + </p> + <p> + Thus she dwelt after her sorrow, after her husband's death, and this is + true, well three and one half years, that she spake no word to Gunther, + nor did she see her foeman Hagen in all this time. + </p> + <p> + Then spake Hagen of Troneg: "If ye could compass it to make your sister + friendly, then might come to these lands the gold of Nibelung. Of this + might ye win great store, an' the queen would be our friend." + </p> + <p> + The king made answer: "Let us try. My brothers bide with her; we will beg + them to bring it to pass that she be our friend, if perchance she might + gladly see us win the hoard." + </p> + <p> + "I trow not," spake Hagen, "that it will ever hap." + </p> + <p> + Then he bade Ortwin and the Margrave Gere go to court. When that was done, + Gernot and Giselher, the youth, were also brought. They tried it with the + Lady Kriemhild in friendly wise. Brave Gernot of Burgundy spake: "Lady, ye + mourn too long for Siegfried's death. The king will give you proof that he + hath not slain him. We hear you mourn all time so greatly." + </p> + <p> + She spake: "None chargeth him with this. 'Twas Hagen's hand that struck + him, where he could be wounded. When he learned this of me, how could I + think that he did bear him hate? Else had I guarded against this full + well," spake the queen, "so that I had not betrayed his life; then would + I, poor wife, leave off my weeping. I'll never be a friend of him that did + the deed." Then Giselher, the full stately man, began implore. + </p> + <p> + When at last she spake: "I will greet the king," men saw him stand before + her with his nearest kin, but Hagen durst not come before her. Well he wot + his guilt; 'twas he had caused her dole. When now she would forego her + hate of Gunther, so that he might kiss her, it had befitted him better had + she not been wronged by his advice; then might he have gone boldly unto + Kriemhild. Nevermore was peace between kindred brought to pass with so + many tears; her loss still gave her woe. All, save the one man alone, she + pardoned. None had slain him, had not Hagen done the deed. + </p> + <p> + Not long thereafter they brought it to pass that Lady Kriemhild gained the + hoard from the Nibelung land and brought it to the Rhine. It was her + marriage morning gift (1) and was hers by right. Giselher and Gernot rode + to fetch it. Kriemhild ordered eighty hundred men, that they should bring + it from where it lay hid, where it was guarded by the knight Alberich (2) + and his nearest kin. When they saw those from the Rhine coming for the + hoard, Alberich, the bold, spake to his friends: "Naught of the treasure + dare we withhold from her, sith the noble queen averreth it to be her + marriage morning gift. Yet should this never be done," quoth Alberich, + "but that with Siegfried we have foully lost the good Cloud Cloak, for + fair Kriemhild's love did wear it alway. Now, alas, it hath fared ill with + Siegfried, that the hero bereft us of the Cloud Cloak and that all this + land did have to serve him." + </p> + <p> + Then went the warder to where he found the keys. Before the castle stood + Kriemhild's liegemen and a deal of her kinsfolk. Men bade carry the + treasure hence to the sea, down to the boats; one bare it then upon the + waves to the mountains on the Rhine. Now may ye hear marvels of the hoard, + the which twelve huge wains, packed full, were just able to bear away from + the hill in four days and nights and each must make the trip three times a + day. There was naught else but gems and gold, and had men paid therewith + the wage of all the world, not a mark less had it been in worth. Forsooth + Hagen did not crave it so without good cause. The greatest prize of all + was a wishing-rod (3) of gold. He who knew its nature, might well be + master over any man in all the world. + </p> + <p> + Many of Alberich's kinsmen journeyed with Gernot hence. When they stored + away the hoard in Gunther's land and the queen took charge of everything, + chambers and towers were filled therewith. Never did men hear tales told + of such wondrous store of goods. And had it been a thousand times as much, + if the Lord Siegfried were but alive again, Kriemhild would fain have + stood empty-handed at his side. No more faithful wife did hero ever win. + Now that she had the hoard, she brought many unknown warriors to the land. + In truth the lady's hand gave in such wise that men have never seen such + bounty more. She used great courtesie; men owned this of the queen. To the + rich and the poor she began to give so greatly that Hagen said, should she + live yet a while, she would gain so many a man for her service that they + would fare full ill. + </p> + <p> + Then spake King Gunther: "Her life and her goods be hers. How shall I + hinder that she do with them as she will? Forsooth I hardly compassed it, + that she became thus much my friend. Let us not reck to whom she deal out + her silver and her gold." + </p> + <p> + Spake Hagen to the king: "No doughty man should leave to any wife aught of + the heard. With her gifts she'll bring about the day when it well may rue + the brave Burgundians sore." + </p> + <p> + Then spake King Gunther: "I swore an oath, that nevermore would I do her + harm, and will keep it further, for she is my sister." + </p> + <p> + Spake then Hagen: "Let me be the guilty one." + </p> + <p> + Few of their oaths were kept. From the widow they took the mighty store + and Hagen made him master of all the keys. This vexed her brother Gernot, + when he heard the tale aright. Lord Giselher spake: "Hagen hath done my + sister much of harm; I should prevent it. It would cost him his life, were + he not my kin." + </p> + <p> + Siegfried's wife shed tears anew. Then spake the Lord Gernot: "Or ever we + be imperiled by the gold, we should have it sunk entirely in the Rhine, + that it belong to none." + </p> + <p> + Full pitifully she went before her brother Giselher. She spake: "Dear + brother, thou shouldst think of me and be the guardian of both my life and + goods." + </p> + <p> + Quoth he then to the lady: "That shall be done when we return again, for + now we think to ride." + </p> + <p> + The king and his kindred voided then the land, the very best among them + that one might find. Only Hagen alone remained at home, through the hatred + he bare to Kriemhild, and did so willingly. Before the king was come + again, Hagen had taken the treasure quite and sunk it all at Loche, (4) in + the Rhine. He weened to use it, but that might not be. The lordings came + again and with them many men. With her maids and ladies Kriemhild gan + bewail her passing loss, for sore it grieved them. Gladly would Giselher + have helped in all good faith. All spake alike: "He hath done wrong." + </p> + <p> + Hagen avoided the princes' wrath, until he gained their favor. They did + him naught, but Kriemhild might never have borne him greater hate. Before + Hagen of Troneg thus hid the treasure, they had sworn with mighty oaths + that it should lie concealed as long as any one of them might live. Later + they could not give it to themselves or any other. + </p> + <p> + Kriemhild's mind was heavy with fresh sorrow over her husband's end, and + because they had taken from her all her wealth. Her plaints ceased not in + all her life, down to her latest day. After Siegfried's death, and this is + true, she dwelt with many a grief full thirteen years, that she could not + forget the warrior's death. She was true to him, as most folk owned. + </p> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + ENDNOTES: + (1) "Marriage morning gift" was the gift which it was customary + for the bridegroom to give the bride on the morning after + the bridal night. On this custom see Weinhold, "Deutsche + Frauen im Mittelalter", i, p. 402. + (2) "Alberich", see Adventure III, note 8. It is characteristic + of the poem that even this dwarf is turned into a knight. + (3) "Wishing-rod", a magic device for discovering buried + treasure. Cf. Grimm, "Deutsche Mythologie," ii, 813. + (4) "Loche", according to Piper, is the modern "Locheim" in the + Rhine province. +</pre> + <p> + <a name="link2H_4_0024"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + ADVENTURE XX. How King Etzel (1) Sent To Burgundy For Kriemhild. + </h2> + <p> + That was in a time when Lady Helca (2) died and the king Etzel sought + another wife, that his friends advised his marriage to a proud widow in + the Burgundian land, hight Lady Kriemhild. Since fair Helca was dead, they + spake: "Would ye gain a noble wife, the highest and the best king ever + won, then take this same lady; the stalwart Siegfried was her husband." + </p> + <p> + Then spake the mighty king: "How might that chance, sith I am heathen and + be christened not a whit, whereas the lady is a Christian and therefore + would not plight her troth? It would be a marvel, and that ever happed." + </p> + <p> + The doughty warriors answered: "What if she do it, perchance, for the sake + of your high name and your mickle goods? One should at least make a trial + for the noble dame. Well may ye love the stately fair." + </p> + <p> + The noble king then spake: "Which of you be acquaint with the people and + the land by the Rhine?" + </p> + <p> + Up spake then the good knight Rudeger of Bechelaren: (3) "I have known + from a child the three noble and lordly kings, Gunther and Gernot, the + noble knights and good; the third hight Giselher. Each of them doth use + the highest honors and courtesie, as their forebears, too, have always + done." + </p> + <p> + Then answered Etzel: "Friend, I prithee, tell me whether she should wear + the crown in this my land. An' she be so fair, as hath been told me, it + shall never rue my dearest kin." + </p> + <p> + "She compareth well in beauty with my Lady Helca, the royal queen. Certes, + there might not be in all this world a king's bride more fair. He may well + be of good cheer to whom she plight her troth." + </p> + <p> + He spake: "So bring it to pass, Rudeger, as I be dear to thee; and if ever + I do lie at Kriemhild's side, I will requite thee for it as best I may. + Then hast thou done my will in fullest wise. From my treasure chambers I + will bid thee be given such store of horses, of clothes and all thou wilt, + that thou and thy fellowship may live full merrily. I'll bid full plenty + of these things be made ready against thine errand." + </p> + <p> + To this the lordly margrave Rudeger replied: "Craved I thy goods, that + were not worthy of praise. With mine own goods, which I have from thy + hands, will I gladly be thy envoy to the Rhine." + </p> + <p> + Then spake the mighty king: "Now when wilt thou ride for the fair? May God + keep thee and my lady in all worship on the journey. May fortune help me, + that she look with favor on my suit." + </p> + <p> + Rudeger made answer: "Ere we void the land, we must first make ready arms + and trappings, that we may stand with honor before princes. I will lead to + the Rhine five hundred stately men, that wherever in Burgundy I and mine + be seen, all may say of thee: 'Never did any king send afar so many men in + better wise than thou hast done to the Rhine.' If thou, O mighty king, + wilt not turn back on this account, I'll tell thee that her noble love was + subject unto Siegfried, Siegmund's son. Him thou hast seen here. (4) Men + could in right truth ascribe to him great worship." + </p> + <p> + Then spake King Etzel: "Tho' she was the warrior's wife, yet was the noble + prince so peerless that I should not disdain the queen. She liketh me well + for her passing beauty." + </p> + <p> + The margrave answered: "Then I will tell thee that we will start hence in + four and twenty days. I'll send word to Gotelind, my dear lady, that I + myself will be the messenger to Kriemhild." + </p> + <p> + Rudeger sent word to Bechelaren, at which the margravine grew both + sorrowful and proud. He told her he should woo for the king a wife. + Lovingly she thought on Helca, the fair. When the margravine heard the + message, a deal she rued it; weeping beseemed her at the thought whether + she should gain a lady as afore. When she thought on Helca, it grieved her + heart full sore. + </p> + <p> + Rudeger should ride in seven days from Hungary; lusty and merry King Etzel + was at this. There in the town of Vienna men prepared their weeds. Then + might he no longer delay his journey. At Bechelaren Gotelind awaited him; + the young margravine, too, Rudeger's child, gladly saw her father and his + men. Many fair maids awaited them with joy. Ere the noble Rudeger rode + from the city of Vienna to Bechelaren, all their clothes were placed upon + the sumpters. They journeyed in such wise that not a whit was taken from + them. + </p> + <p> + When they were come to tho town of Bechelaren, the host full lovingly bade + lodge his fellowship and ease them well. The noble Gotelind saw the host + come gladly, as likewise his dear daughter did, the young margravine. To + her his coming could not be liefer. How fain she was to see the heroes + from the Hunnish land! With smiling mien the noble maiden spake: "Now be + my father and his men full welcome here." + </p> + <p> + Then great thanks were given to the young margravine by many a doughty + knight in courteous wise. Well wot Gotelind Sir Rudeger's mood. When at + night she lay close by his side, what kindly questions the margravine put, + whither the king of the Huns had sent him. He spake: "My Lady Gotelind, + I'll gladly make this known to thee. I must woo another lady for my lord, + sith that the fair Helca hath died. I will ride for Kriemhild to the + Rhine; she shall become a mighty queen here among the Huns." + </p> + <p> + "Would to God," spake Gotelind, "an' that might hap, sith we do hear such + speech of her many honors, that she might perchance replace our lady for + us in our old age, and that we might be fain to let her wear the crown in + Hungary." + </p> + <p> + Then spake the margrave: "My love, ye must offer to those who are to ride + with me to the Rhine, your goods in loving wise. When heroes travel + richly, then are they of lofty mood." + </p> + <p> + She spake: "There be none that taketh gladly from my hand, to whom I would + not give what well beseemeth him, or ever ye and your men part hence." + </p> + <p> + Quoth the margrave: "That doth like me well." + </p> + <p> + Ho, what rich cloths of silk were borne from their treasure chambers! With + enow of this the clothing of the noble warriors was busily lined from the + neck down to their spurs. Rudeger had chosen only men that pleased him + well. + </p> + <p> + On the seventh morning the host and his warriors rode forth from + Bechelaren. Weapons and clothes a plenty they took with them through the + Bavarian land. Seldom did men assail them on the highways for robbery's + sake, and within twelve days they reached the Rhine. Then might the + tidings not be hid; men told it to the king and to his liegemen, that + stranger guests were come. The host gan say, if any knew them, he should + tell him so. One saw their sumpters bear right heavy loads. 'Twas seen + that they were passing rich. + </p> + <p> + Anon in the broad town men purveyed them quarters. When that the many + strangers had been lodged, these same lords were gazed upon full oft. The + people wondered from whence these warriors were come to the Rhine. The + host now sent for Hagen, if perchance they might be known to him. Then + spake the knight of Troneg: "None of them have I ever seen, but when we + now gaze upon them, I can tell you well from whence they ride hither to + this land. They must indeed be strangers, an' I know them not full soon." + (5) + </p> + <p> + Lodgings were now taken for the guests. The envoy and his fellowship were + come in passing costly vesture. To the court they rode wearing good + garments, cut in full cunning wise. Then spake the doughty Hagen: "As well + as I can tell, for I have not seen the lord long time, they ride as if + 'twere Rudeger from the Hunnish land, a lordly knight and a brave." + </p> + <p> + "How can I believe," spake at once the king, "that the lord of Bechelaren + be come to this land?" + </p> + <p> + When King Gunther had ended his speech, Hagen, the brave, espied the good + knight Rudeger. He and his friends all ran to meet them. Then five hundred + knights were seen dismounting from their steeds. Fair were the men from + Hungary greeted; messengers had never worn such lordly clothes. Then Hagen + of Troneg spake full loudly: "Now be these knights, the lord of Bechelaren + and all his men, welcome in God's name." + </p> + <p> + With worship the speedy knights were greeted. The next of kin to the king + went to where they stood. Ortwin of Metz spake to Rudeger: "Never have we + seen guests so gladly here at any time. This I can truly say." + </p> + <p> + On all sides they thanked the warriors for their greeting. With all their + fellowship they hied them to the hall, where they found the king and with + him many a valiant man. The lords rose from their seats; through their + great chivalry this was done. How right courteously he met the messengers! + Gunther and Gernot greeted the stranger and his vassals warmly, as was his + due. He took the good knight Rudeger by the hand and led him to the seat + where he sat himself. Men bade pour out for the guests (full gladly this + was done) passing good mead and the best of wine that one might find in + the land along the Rhine. Giselher and Gere both were come; Dankwart and + Folker, too, had heard about the strangers. Merry they were of mood and + greeted before the king the noble knights and good. + </p> + <p> + Then spake Hagen of Troneg to his lord: "These thy knights should ever + requite what the margrave for our sake hath done; for this should the + husband of fair Gotelind receive reward." + </p> + <p> + King Gunther spake: "I cannot hold my peace; ye must tell me how fare + Etzel and Helca of the Hunnish land." + </p> + <p> + To this the margrave now made answer: "I'll gladly let you know." He rose + from his seat with all his men and spake to the king: "An' may that be + that ye permit me, O prince, so will I not conceal the tidings that I + bring, but will tell them willingly." + </p> + <p> + Quoth the king: "The tidings that have been sent us through you, these + I'll let you tell without the rede of friends. Pray let me and my vassals + hear them, for I begrudge you no honor that ye here may gain." + </p> + <p> + Then spake the worthy envoy: "My great master doth commend to you upon the + Rhine his faithful service and to all the kinsmen ye may have. This + message is sent in all good faith. The noble king bade complain to you his + need. His folk is joyless; my lady, the royal Helca, my master's wife, is + dead. Through her hath many a high-born maid been orphaned, daughters of + noble princes, whom she hath trained. Therefore it standeth full piteously + in his land; they have alas none that might befriend them faithfully. The + king's grief, I ween, will abate but slowly." + </p> + <p> + "Now God reward him," spake Gunther, "that he so willingly commendeth his + service to me and to my kin. Full gladly have I here heard his greeting, + and this both my kindred and my men shall fain requite." + </p> + <p> + Then spake the warrior Gernot of Burgundy: "The world must ever rue fair + Helca's death, for her many courtesies, which she well knew how to use." + </p> + <p> + With this speech Hagen, the passing stately knight, agreed. + </p> + <p> + Then answered Rudeger, the noble and lordly envoy: "Sith ye permit me, O + king, I shall tell you more, the which my dear lord hath hither sent you, + sith he doth live so right sorrowfully in longing after Helca. Men told my + lord that Kriemhild be without a husband, that Sir Siegfried be dead. If + this be so, then shall she wear a crown before Etzel's knights, would ye + but permit her. This my sovran bade me say." + </p> + <p> + Then spake the mighty king, full courteous was his mood: "And she care to + do this, she shall hear my pleasure. This will I make known to you in + these three days. Why should I refuse King Etzel before I've learned her + wish?" + </p> + <p> + Meanwhile men bade purvey good easement for the guests. They were served + so well that Rudeger owned he had good friends there among Gunther's men. + Hagen served him gladly, as Rudeger had done to him of yore. Till the + third day Rudeger thus remained. The king sent for his counsel (full + wisely he acted) to see whether his kinsmen would think it well that + Kriemhild take King Etzel to husband. All together they advised it, save + Hagen alone. He spake to Gunther, the knight: "Have ye but the right wit, + ye will take good care that ye never do this, tho' she were fain to + follow." + </p> + <p> + "Why," spake then Gunther, "should I not consent? Whatever pleasure happen + to the queen, I should surely grant her this; she is my sister. We + ourselves should bring it to pass, if perchance it might bring her honor." + </p> + <p> + Then answered Hagen: "Give over this speech. Had ye knowledge of Etzel as + have I, and should she harry him, as I hear you say, then first hath + danger happed to you by right." + </p> + <p> + "Why?" quoth Gunther. "I'll take good care that I come not so near him + that I must suffer aught of hatred on his part, an' she become his wife." + </p> + <p> + Said Hagen: "Never will I give you this advice." + </p> + <p> + For Gernot and Giselher men bade send to learn whether the two lords would + think it well that Kriemhild should take the mighty and noble king. Hagen + still gainsaid, but no one other. Then spake the knight Giselher of + Burgundy: "Friend Hagen, ye may still show your fealty. Make her to forget + the wrongs that ye have done her. Whatever good fortune she may have, this + ye should not oppose. Ye have in truth done my sister so many an ill," + continued Giselher, the full lusty knight, "that she hath good cause, if + she be angry with you. Never hath one bereft a lady of greater joys." + </p> + <p> + Quoth Hagen: "I'll do you to wit what well I know. If she take Etzel and + live long enow, she'll do us still much harm in whatever way she can. + Forsooth full many a stately vassal will own her service." + </p> + <p> + To this brave Gernot answered: "It may not happen, that we ever ride to + Etzel's land before they both be dead. Let us serve her faithfully, that + maketh for our honor." + </p> + <p> + Again Hagen spake: "None can gainsay me, an' the noble Kriemhild wear the + crown of Helca, she will do us harm as best she may. Ye should give it + over, 'twould beseem you knights far better." + </p> + <p> + Wrathfully then spake Giselher, fair Uta's son: "Let us not all act as + traitors. We should be glad of whatever honors may be done her. Whatever + ye may say, Hagen, I shall serve her by my troth." + </p> + <p> + Gloomy of mood grew Hagen when he heard these words. Gernot and Giselher, + the proud knights and good, and Gunther, the mighty, spake at last, if + Kriemhild wished it, they would let it hap without all hate. + </p> + <p> + Then spake Prince Gere: "I will tell the lady that she look with favor + upon King Etzel, to whom so many knights owe dread obedience. He can well + requite her of all the wrongs that have been done her." + </p> + <p> + Then the doughty warrior hied him to where he saw Kriemhild. Kindly she + received him. How quickly then he spake: "Ye may well greet me gladly and + give me a messenger's meed. Fortune is about to part you from all your + woes. For the sake of your love, my lady, one of the very best that ever + gained a kingdom with great honors, or should wear a crown, hath sent + envoys hither. Noble knights be wooing; this my brother bade me tell you." + </p> + <p> + Then spake the sorrow-laden dame: "God should forbid you and all my + kinsmen that ye make a mock of me, poor woman. What could I be to a man + who had ever gained heartfelt love from a faithful wife?" + </p> + <p> + Sorely she gainsaid it, but then came Gernot, her brother, and Giselher, + the youth, and lovingly bade her ease her heart. It would do her good in + truth, could she but take the king. + </p> + <p> + None might persuade the lady that she should marry any man. Then the + knights begged: "If ye do naught else, pray let it hap that ye deign to + see the messengers." + </p> + <p> + "I'll not deny," spake the noble dame, "but that I should gladly see the + Margrave Rudeger for his passing courtesie. Were he not sent hither, + whoever else might be the messenger, never should he become acquainted + with me. Pray bid him come to-morrow to my bower. I'll let him hear my + will in full and tell it him myself." At this her great laments brake + forth anew. + </p> + <p> + The noble Rudeger now craved naught else but that he might see the + high-born queen. He wist himself to be so wise that she could not but let + the knight persuade her, if it should ever be. Early on the morrow when + mass was sung, the noble envoys came. A great press arose; of those who + should go to court with Rudeger, many a lordly man was seen arrayed. Full + sad of mood, the high-born Kriemhild bided the noble envoy and good. He + found her in the weeds she wore each day, whereas her handmaids wore rich + clothes enow. She went to meet him to the door and greeted full kindly + Etzel's liegeman. Only as one of twelve he went to meet her. Men offered + him great worship, for never were come more lofty envoys. They bade the + lording and his vassals seat them. Before her were seen to stand the two + Margraves Eckewart and Gere, the noble knights and good. None they saw + merry of mood, for the sake of the lady of the house. Many fair women were + seen to sit before her, but Kriemhild only nursed her grief; her dress + upon her breast was wet with scalding tears. This the noble margrave noted + well on Kriemhild. + </p> + <p> + Then spake the high-born messenger: "Most noble princess, I pray you, + permit me and my comrades that are come with me, to stand before you and + tell you the tidings for the sake of which we have ridden hither." + </p> + <p> + "Now may ye speak whatso ye list," spake the queen. "I am minded to hear + it gladly; ye be a worthy messenger." + </p> + <p> + The others noted well her unwilling mood. + </p> + <p> + Then spake Prince Rudeger of Bechelaren: "Etzel, a high-born king, hath in + good faith sent you a friendly greeting, my lady, by messengers hither to + this land. Many good knights hath he sent hither for your love. Great joy + without grief he doth offer you most truly. He is ready to give you + constant friendship, as he did afore to Lady Helca, who lay within his + heart. Certes, through longing for her virtues he hath full often joyless + days." + </p> + <p> + Then spake the queen: "Margrave Rudeger, were there any who knew my bitter + sorrow, he would not bid me marry any man. Of a truth I lost the best of + husbands that ever lady won." + </p> + <p> + "What may comfort grief," the bold knight replied, "but married joy. When + that any gan gain this and chooseth one who doth beseem him, naught + availeth so greatly for woe of heart. And ye care to love my noble master, + ye shall have power over twelve mighty crowns. Thereto my lord will give + you the lands of thirty princes, all of which his doughty hand hath + overcome. Ye shall become the mistress over many worthy liegemen, who were + subject to my Lady Helca, and over many dames of high and princely race, + who owned her sway." Thus spake the brave knight and bold. "Thereto my + lord will give you (this he bade me say), if ye would deign to wear with + him the crown, the very highest power which Helca ever won; this shall ye + rule before all Etzel's men." + </p> + <p> + Then spake the queen: "How might it ever list me to become a hero's bride? + Death hath given me in the one such dole that I must ever live joyless + unto mine end." + </p> + <p> + To this the Huns replied: "O mighty queen, your life at Etzel's court will + be so worshipful that it will ever give you joy, an' it come to pass, for + the mighty king hath many a stately knight. Helca's damosels and your + maids shall together form one retinue, at sight of which warriors may well + be blithe of mood. Be advised, my lady, ye will fare well in truth." + </p> + <p> + With courtesie she spake: "Now let be this speech until the morrow early, + when ye shall come here again. Then will I give you answer to what ye have + in mind." + </p> + <p> + The bold knights and good must needs obey. + </p> + <p> + When all were now come to their lodgings, the noble dame bade send for + Giselher and for her mother, too. To the twain she said, that weeping did + beseem her and naught else better. + </p> + <p> + Then spake her brother Giselher: "Sister, it hath been told me, and I can + well believe it, that King Etzel would make all thy sorrows vanish, and + thou takest him to be thy husband. Whatever others may advise, this + thinketh me well done. He is well able to turn thy grief to joy," spake + Giselher again; "from the Rhone to the Rhine, from the Elbe down to the + sea, there be no other king as mighty as he. Thou mayst well rejoice, an' + he make thee his wife." + </p> + <p> + She spake: "My dear brother, why dost thou advise me this? Weeping and + wailing beseem me better far. How should I go to court before his knights? + Had I ever beauty, of this I am now bereft." + </p> + <p> + To her dear daughter the Lady Uta spake: "Whatever thy brothers counsel + thee, dear child, that do. Obey thy kindred and it will go well with thee. + I have seen thee now too long in thy great grief." + </p> + <p> + Then she prayed God full oft to grant her such store of goods that she + might have gold, silver, and clothes to give, as at her husband's side of + yore, when that he was still alive and well. Else would she never have + again such happy hours. She thought within her mind: "And shall I give my + body to a paynim (6) (I am a Christian wife), forever in the world must I + bear shame. An' he gave me all the kingdoms in the world still 1 would not + do it." + </p> + <p> + Thus she let the matter rest. All night until the break of day the lady + lay upon her bed in thought. Her bright eyes never grew dry, till on the + morn she went to matins. Just at the time for mass the kings were come and + took their sister again in hand. In truth they urged her to wed the king + of the Hunnish land; little did any of them find the lady merry. Then they + bade fetch hither Etzel's men, who now would fain have taken their leave, + whatever the end might be, whether they gained or lost their suit. Rudeger + came now to court; his heroes urged him to learn aright the noble prince's + mind. To all it seemed well that this be done betimes, for long was the + way back into their land. Men brought Rudeger to where Kriemhild was + found. Winningly the knight gan beg the noble queen to let him hear what + message she would send to Etzel's land. I ween, he heard from her naught + else than no, that she nevermore would wed a man. The margrave spake: + "That were ill done. Why would ye let such beauty wither? Still with honor + may ye become the bride of a worthy man." + </p> + <p> + Naught booted that they urged, till Rudeger told the noble queen in secret + that he would make amends for all that ever happed to her. At this her + great sorrow grew a deal more mild. To the queen he spake: "Let be your + weeping. If ye had none among the Huns but me and my faithful kin and + liegemen, sore must he repent it who had ever done you aught." + </p> + <p> + At this the lady's mood grew gentler. She spake: "Then swear me an oath, + that whatever any do to me that ye will be the first to amend my wrongs." + </p> + <p> + Quoth the margrave: "For this, my lady, I am ready." + </p> + <p> + Rudeger with all his vassals swore that he would ever serve her faithfully + and pledged his hand, that the noble knights from Etzel's land would ne'er + refuse her aught. + </p> + <p> + Then the faithful lady thought: "Sith I, wretched wife, have won so many + friends, I'll let the people say whatso they choose. What if my dear + husband's death might still be avenged?" She thought: "Sith Etzel hath so + many men-at-arms, I can do whatso I will, an' I command them. He is + likewise so rich that I shall have wherewith to give; the baleful Hagen + hath bereft me of my goods." + </p> + <p> + To Rudeger she spake: "Had I not heard that he were a paynim, gladly would + I go whithersoever he listed and would take him to my husband." + </p> + <p> + Then spake the margrave: "Lady, give over this speech. He hath so many + knights of Christian faith, that ye'll ever be joyful at his court. What + if ye bring it to pass, that he should let himself be christened? + Therefore may ye fain become King Etzel's wife." + </p> + <p> + Then her brothers spake again: "Now pledge your troth, dear sister. Ye + should now give over your sadness." + </p> + <p> + They begged her till she sadly vowed before the heroes to become King + Etzel's bride. She spake: "I will obey you, I poor queen, and fare to the + Huns as soon as ever that may be, whenever I have friends who will take me + to his land." + </p> + <p> + Of this fair Kriemhild pledged her hand before the knights. + </p> + <p> + Then spake the margrave: "If ye have two liegemen, I have still more. + 'Twill be the best, that with worship we escort you across the Rhine. No + longer, lady, shall ye tarry here in Burgundy. I have five hundred vassals + and kinsmen, too; they shall serve you, lady, and do whatso ye bid, both + here and there at home. I'll do by you the same whenever ye do mind me of + the tale and never feel ashamed. Now bid the housings for your horses be + made ready (Rudeger's counsel will never irk you) and tell it to your + maids, whom ye would take along, for many a chosen knight will meet us on + the road." + </p> + <p> + She still had harness with which they rode afore in Siegfried's time, so + that she might take with her many maidens now with worship, whenever she + would hence. Ho, what good saddles they fetched for the comely dames! + Albeit they had aye worn costly robes, many more were now made ready, for + much had been told them of the king. They opened up the chests, which + stood afore well locked. For four and one half days they were aught but + idle; from the presses they brought forth the stores that lay therein. + Kriemhild now began to open up her treasure rooms, she fain would make all + Rudeger's liegemen rich. Of the gold from the Nibelung land she still had + such store that a hundred horses might not bear it; she weened her hand + should deal it out among the Huns. + </p> + <p> + This tale Hagen heard told of Kriemhild. He spake: "Sith Kriemhild will + not become my friend, so Siegfried's gold must stay behind. For why should + I give to my foes such great store of goods? Well I wot what Kriemhild + will do with this hoard. I can well believe, an' she take it with her, + that it will be doled out to call forth hate against me. Nor have they + steeds enow to bear it hence. Hagen doth intend to keep it, pray tell + Kriemhild that." + </p> + <p> + When that she heard this tale, it irked her sore. It was likewise told to + all three kings. Fain would they have changed it, but as this did not hap, + the noble Rudeger spake full blithely: "Mighty queen, why mourn ye for the + gold? King Etzel doth bear you such great love, that when his eyes do + light upon you, such store he'll give you that ye can never spend it all; + this will I swear to you, my lady." + </p> + <p> + Then spake the queen: "Most noble Rudeger, never hath king's daughter + gained such wealth as that, of which Hagen hath bereft me." + </p> + <p> + Then came her brother Gernot to the treasure chamber. By leave of the king + in the door he thrust the key. Kriemhild's gold was handed forth, a + thousand marks or more. He bade the strangers take it; much this pleased + King Gunther. + </p> + <p> + Then spake Gotelind's knight from Bechelaren: "And had my Lady Kriemhild + all the hoard that was brought from the Nibelung land, little of it would + mine or the queen's hand touch. Now bid them keep it, for I will none of + it. Forsooth I brought from home such store of mine that we can lightly do + without this on the road, for we be furnished for the journey in full + lordly wise." + </p> + <p> + Afore this her maids had filled twelve chests at leisure with the very + best of gold that anywhere might be. This they took with them and great + store of women's trinkets, which they should wear upon the road. Her + thought too great the might of Hagen. Of her gold for offerings (7) she + had still a thousand marks. For her dear husband's soul she dealt it out. + This Rudeger thought was done in faithful love. Then spake the mournful + lady: "Where be now my friends who for my sake would live in exile? Let + those who would ride with me to the Hunnish land, take now my treasure and + purchase horses and trappings." + </p> + <p> + Then spake the margrave Eckewart to the queen: "Since the day I first + became your vassal, I have served you faithfully," spake the knight, "and + aye will do the same by you until mine end. I will take with me also five + hundred of my men and place them in your service right loyally. Naught + shall ever part us, save death alone." + </p> + <p> + For this speech Kriemhild bowed her thanks; forsooth she had full need. + </p> + <p> + Men now led forth the palfreys; for they would ride away. Then many tears + were shed by kinsfolk. Royal Uta and many a comely maiden showed that they + were sad at Kriemhild's loss. A hundred high-born maids she took with her + hence, who were arrayed as well befit them. Then from bright eyes the + tears fell down, but soon at Etzel's court they lived to see much joy. + Then came Lord Giselher and Gernot, too, with their fellowship, as their + courtesie demanded. Fain would they escort their dear sister hence; of + their knights they took with them full a thousand stately men. Then came + Ortwin and the doughty Gere; Rumolt, the master of the kitchen, must needs + be with them, too. They purveyed them night quarters as far as the + Danube's shore, but Gunther rode no further than a little from the town. + Ere they fared hence from the Rhine, they had sent their messengers + swiftly on ahead to the Hunnish land, who should tell the king that + Rudeger had gained for him to wife the noble high-born queen. + </p> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + ENDNOTES: + (1) "Etzel", see Adventure I, note 7. + (2) "Helca" (M.H.G. "Helche") or "Herka", Etzel's wife, is the + daughter of king "Oserich" or "Osantrix", as the + "Thidreksaga" calls him. In the latter work (chap. 73-80) + we read how Rudeger (Rodingeir) took her by force from her + father and brought her to Etzel to be the latter's bride. + On her identity with the historical "Kerka" of Priscus, see + Bleyer, PB. "Beit." xxxi, 542. + (3) "Rudeger of Bechelaren", or, as the name reads in the + "Thidreksaga", "Rodingeir of Bakalar", is probably not an + historical personage, but the hero of a separate legend. + Evidence of this is seen in the fact that he calls himself + an exile, though he is Etzel's mightiest vassal, with + castles and lands in fief. He may have been introduced, as + Wilmanns ("Anz." xviii 101) thinks, to play a role + originally assigned to Dietrich, who is also an exile. + Mullenhoff considered him to have been a mythical person. + Bechelaren, or Pechlarn, lies at the junction of the Erlach + with the Danube. + (4) "hast seen here". "Biterolf", 9471, relates that Dietrich + had carried Siegfried, when young, by force to Etzel's + court. + (5) "full soon". See Adventure III, note 4. + (6) "Paynim" (O F. "paienime", late Latin "paganismus"), + 'heathen'. + (7) "gold for offerings". This was the gold to be used as + offering when masses were sung for Siegfried's soul. +</pre> + <p> + <a name="link2H_4_0025"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + ADVENTURE XXI. How Kriemhild Journeyed To The Huns. + </h2> + <p> + Let now the messengers ride. We will do you to wit, how the queen + journeyed through the lands and where Giselher and Gernot parted from her. + They had served her as their fealty bade them. Down to Vergen (1) on the + Danube they rode; here they gan crave leave of the queen, for they would + ride again to the Rhine. Without tears these faithful kinsmen might not + part. Doughty Giselher spake then to his sister: "Whenever, lady, thou + shouldst need me, when aught doth trouble thee, let me but know, and I + will ride in thy service to Etzel's land." + </p> + <p> + Those who were her kin she kissed upon the mouth. Lovingly they took their + leave of Margrave Rudeger's men. The queen had with her many a + fair-fashioned maid, full a hundred and four, that wore costly robes of + rich, gay-colored silks. Many broad shields were borne close by the ladies + on the road, but many a lordly warrior turned then from her. + </p> + <p> + They journeyed soon from thence down through Bavarian land. Here the tale + was told that many unknown strangers had gathered there, where still a + cloister standeth and where the Inn floweth into the Danube. In the town + of Passau, where lived a bishop, lodgings were soon emptied and the + prince's court as well, as they hurried forth to meet the strangers in the + Bavarian land, where the Bishop Pilgrim (2) found fair Kriemhild. The + knights of the land were little loth, when in her train they saw so many + comely maids; with their eyes they courted the daughters of noble knights. + Later good lodgings were given the noble guests. + </p> + <p> + With his niece the bishop rode toward Passau. When it was told the + burghers of the town that Kriemhild was come, their prince's sister's + child, well was she greeted by the merchants. The bishop had the hope that + they would stay. Then spake Sir Eckewart: "That may not be. We must fare + further down to Rudeger's land. Many knights await us, for all wot well + the news." + </p> + <p> + Well wist fair Gotelind the tale. She tired her and her noble child with + care. Rudeger had sent her word that it thought him good that she should + cheer the mind of the queen by riding forth, with his vassals to the Enns + (3) for to meet her. When this message had been given, one saw on every + side the roads alive; on foot and horse they hastened to meet their + guests. Now was the queen come to Efferding. (4) Enow there were from the + Bavarian land who might perchance have done the guests much harm, had they + robbed upon the roads, as was their wont. That had been forestalled by the + lordly margrave: he led a thousand knights or more. + </p> + <p> + Now Gotelind, the wife of Rudeger, was come; with her there rode many a + noble knight in lordly vise. When they were come across the Traun, (5) + upon the plain by Enns, one saw erected huts and tents, where the guests + should have their lodgings for the night. Rudeger gave the vitaille to his + guests. Fair Gotelind left her lodgings far behind her; along the road + there trotted many a shapely palfrey with jingling bridle. Fair was the + welcome; right well was Rudeger pleased. Among those who rode to meet them + on the way, on either side, in praiseworthy wise, was many a knight. They + practised chivalry, the which full many a maiden saw. Nor did the service + of the knights mislike the queen. When that Rudeger's liegemen met the + guests, many truncheons (6) were seen to fly on high from the warriors' + hands in knightly custom. As though for a prize they rode before the + ladies there. This they soon gave over and many warriors greeted each + other in friendly wise. Then they escorted fair Gotelind from thence to + where she saw Kriemhild. Scant leisure had they who wot how to serve the + ladies. + </p> + <p> + The lord of Bechelaren rode now to his wife. Little it irked the noble + margravine that he was come so well and sound from the Rhine. In part her + cares had given way to joy. When she had welcomed him, he bade her + dismount with the ladies of her train upon the sward. Many a noble knight + bestirred him and served the ladies with eager zeal. Then Kriemhild spied + the margravine standing with her meiny. No nearer she drew, but checked + the palfrey with the bridle and bade them lift her quickly from the + saddle. Men saw the bishop with Eckewart lead his sister's child to + Gotelind. All stood aside at once. Then the exiled queen kissed Gotelind + upon the mouth. Full lovingly spake Rudeger's wife: "Now well is me, dear + lady, that I have ever seen with mine own eyes your charming self in these + our lands. Naught liefer might hap to me in all these times." + </p> + <p> + "Now God requite you," quoth Kriemhild, "most noble Gotelind. Shall I and + Botelung's (7) son remain alive and well, it may be lief to you that ye + have seen me here." + </p> + <p> + Neither knew what must needs later hap. Many maidens went to meet each + other in courtly wise. The warriors, too, were full ready with their + service. After the greeting they sat them down upon the clover. With many + they became acquaint, who were full strange to them aforetime. As it was + now high noon, men bade pour out wine for the ladies. The noble meiny no + longer tarried, but rode to where they found many broad pavilions; there + ample service stood ready for the guests. + </p> + <p> + That night they had repose till early on the morn. Those from Bechelaren + made ready for to lodge the worthy guests. So well had Rudeger planned, + that little enow they lacked. The embrasures in the walls stood open, the + castle at Bechelaren was opened wide. In rode the guests whom men were + fain to see; the noble host bade purvey them proper easement. Most + lovingly Rudeger's daughter with her meiny went to welcome the queen. + There, too, stood her mother, the margrave's wife; many a high-born maid + was greeted with delight. They took each other by the hand and hied them + hence to a broad hall, fashioned full fair, under which the Danube flowed + along. Towards the breeze they sate and held great pastime. What more they + did I cannot tell, save that Kriemhild's men-at-arms were heard to grumble + that they fared so slowly on their way, for much it irked them. Ho, what + good knights rode with them hence from Bechelaren! + </p> + <p> + Rudeger offered them much loving service. The queen gave Gotelind's + daughter twelve ruddy armlets, and raiment too, as good as any that she + brought to Etzel's land. Although the Nibelung gold was taken from her, + yet she did win the hearts of all that saw her with the little she still + might have. Great gifts were given to the courtiers of the host. In turn + the Lady Gotelind offered the guests from the Rhine worship in such + friendly wise, that men found passing few of the strangers that did not + wear her jewels or her lordly robes. + </p> + <p> + When they had eaten and should depart, faithful service was proffered by + the lady of the house to Etzel's bride. The fair young margravine, too, + was much caressed. To the queen she spake: "Whenso it thinketh you good, I + know well that my dear father will gladly send me to you to the Hunnish + land." How well Kriemhild marked that the maiden loved her truly. + </p> + <p> + The steeds were harnessed and led before the castle of Bechelaren and the + noble queen took leave of Rudeger's wife and daughter. With a greeting + many a fair maid parted too. Full seldom did they see each other since + these days. From Medelick (8) the folk bare in their hands many a rich cup + of gold, in which they offered wine to the strangers on the highway. Thus + they made them welcome. A host dwelt there, hight Astolt, (9) who showed + them the road to the Austrian land, towards Mautern (10) down the Danube. + There the noble queen was later served full well. From his niece the + bishop parted lovingly. How he counseled her that she should bear her well + and that she should purchase honor for herself, as Helca, too, had done! + Ho, what great worship she later gained among the Huns! + </p> + <p> + To the Traisem (11) they escorted hence the guests. Rudeger's men purveyed + them zealously, until the Huns came riding across the land. Then the queen + became acquaint with mickle honor. Near the Traisem the king of the + Hunnish land did have a mighty castle, hight Zeisenmauer, (12) known far + and wide. Lady Helca dwelt there aforetime and used such great virtues + that it might not lightly ever hap again, unless it be through Kriemhild. + She wist so how to give, that after all her sorrow she had the joy that + Etzel's liegemen gave her great worship, of which she later won great + store among the heroes. Etzel's rule was known far and wide, so that all + time one found at his court the boldest warriors of whom men ever heard, + among Christian or among paynim. They were all come with him. All time + there were at his court, what may not so lightly hap again, Christian + customs and also heathen faith. In whatsoever wise each lived, the bounty + of the king bestowed on all enow. + </p> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + ENDNOTES: + (1) "Vergen" is the modern Pforing, below Ingolstadt. A ferry + across the river existed here from ancient times. + (2) "Pilgrim", or "Pilgerin", as he is variously called, is an + historical personage. He was bishop of Passau from 971 to + 991. Without doubt he is a late introduction, according to + Boer between 1181 and 1185. See Boer, ii, 204, and E.L. + Dummler, "Pilgrim von Passau", Leipzig, 1854. + (3) "Enns" (M.H.G. "Ens") is one of the tributaries of the + Danube, flowing into it about eleven miles southeast of + Linz. + (4) "Efferding" (M.H.G. "Everdingen") is a town on the Danube, + about thirteen miles west of Linz. + (5) "Traun" (M.H.G. "Trune") is a river of Upper Austria, + forty-four miles southeast of Linz. + (6) "Truncheons", see Adventure II, note 8. + (7) "Botelung's son" is Attila, who is so called in our poem, in + the "Klage", and in "Biterolf". In the earlier Norse + version "Atli" is the son of "Budli". (On this point see + Mullenhoff, "Zur Geschichte der Nibelungensage", p. 106, and + Zsfd A., x, 161, and Bleyer, PB. Beit. xxxi, 459, where the + names are shown to be identical.) + (8) "Medelick" is the modern Mölk, or Melk, a town on the Danube + near the influx of the Bilach. It lies at the foot of a + granite cliff on which stands a famous Benedictine abbey. + (9) "Astolt" appears only in this passage; nothing else is known + of him. + (10) "Mautern" is situated at the influx of the Flanitz, opposite + Stein in Lower Austria. + (11) "Traisem", Traisen, is a tributary of the Danube in Lower + Austria, emptying near Traismauer. + (12) "Zeisenmauer" (M.H.G. "Zeizenmure"). All the MSS. but C and + D have this reading. The latter have "Treysenmoure" and + "treisem moure", which corresponds better to the modern + name, as Zeiselmauer lies between Tulln and Vienna. It is + possible, however, that the town on the Traisem was + originally called Zeiselmauer, as the road leading from + Traismauer to Tulln still bears the name of Zeiselstrasse. + See Lachmann, "Anmerkungen", 1272, 3, and Piper, ii, 289, + note to str. 1333. +</pre> + <p> + <a name="link2H_4_0026"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + ADVENTURE XXII. How Etzel Made Kriemhild His Bride. + </h2> + <p> + Until the fourth day she stayed at Zeisenmauer. The while the dust upon + the highway never came to rest, but rose on every side, as if it were + burning, where King Etzel's liegemen rode through Austria. Then the king + was told aright how royally Kriemhild fared through the lands; at thought + of this his sorrows vanished. He hasted to where he found the lovely + Kriemhild. Men saw ride before King Etzel on the road many bold knights of + many tongues and many mighty troops of Christians and of paynims. When + they met the lady, they rode along in lordly wise. Of the Russians and the + Greeks there rode there many a man. The right good steeds of the Poles and + Wallachians were seen to gallop swiftly, as they rode with might and main. + Each did show the customs of his land. From the land of Kiev (1) there + rode many a warrior and the savage Petschenegers. (2) With the bow they + often shot at the birds which flew there; to the very head they drew the + arrows on the bows. + </p> + <p> + By the Danube there lieth in the Austrian land a town that men call Tulna. + (3) There she became acquaint with many a foreign custom, the which size + had never seen afore. She greeted there enow who later came through her to + grief. Before Etzel there rode a retinue, merry and noble, courtly and + lusty, full four and twenty princes, mighty and of lofty birth. They would + fain behold their lady and craved naught more. Duke Ramung (4) of + Wallachia, with seven hundred vassals, galloped up before her; like flying + birds men saw them ride. Then came Prince Gibeck with lordly bands. The + doughty Hornbog, (5) with full a thousand men, wheeled from the king away + towards the queen. Loudly they shouted after the custom of their land. + Madly too rode the kinsmen of the Huns. Then came brave Hawart (6) of + Denmark and the doughty Iring, (7) free of guile was he, and Irnfried (8) + of Thuringia, a stately man. With twelve hundred vassals, whom they had in + their band, they greeted Kriemhild, so that she had therefrom great + worship. Then came Sir Bloedel, (9) King Etzel's brother, from the Hunnish + land, with three thousand men. In lordly wise he rode to where he found + the queen. Then King Etzel came and Sir Dietrich, too, with all his + fellowship. There stood many worshipful knights, noble, worthy, and good. + At this Dame Kriemhild's spirits rose. + </p> + <p> + Then Sir Rudeger spake to the queen: "Lady, here will I receive the + high-born king; whomso I bid you kiss, that must ye do. Forsooth ye may + not greet alike King Etzel's men." + </p> + <p> + From the palfrey they helped the royal queen alight. Etzel, the mighty, + bode no more, but dismounted from his steed with many a valiant man. + Joyfully men saw them go towards Kriemhild. Two mighty princes, as we are + told, walked by the lady and bore her train, when King Etzel went to meet + her, where she greeted the noble lording with a kiss in gracious wise. She + raised her veil and from out the gold beamed forth her rosy hue. Many a + man stood there who vowed that Lady Helca could not have been more fair + than she. Close by stood also Bloedel, the brother of the king. Him + Rudeger, the mighty margrave, bade her kiss and King Gibeck, too. There + also stood Sir Dietrich. Twelve of the warriors the king's bride kissed. + She greeted many knights in other ways. + </p> + <p> + All the while that Etzel stood at Kriemhild's side, the youthful warriors + did as people still are wont to do. One saw them riding many a royal + joust. This Christian champions did and paynim, too, according to their + custom. In what right knightly wise the men of Dietrich made truncheons + from the shafts fly through the air, high above the shields, from the + hands of doughty knights! Many a buckler's edge was pierced through and + through by the German strangers. Great crashing of breaking shafts was + heard. All the warriors from the land were come and the king's guests, + too, many a noble man. + </p> + <p> + Then the mighty king betook him hence with Lady Kriemhild. Hard by them a + royal tent was seen to stand; around about the plain was filled with + booths, where they should rest them after their toils. Many a comely maid + was shown to her place thereunder by the knights, where she then sate with + the queen on richly covered chairs. The margrave had so well purveyed the + seats for Kriemhild, that all found them passing good; at this King Etzel + grew blithe of mood. What the king there spake, I know not. In his right + lay her snow-white hand; thus they sate in lover's wise, since Rudeger + would not let the king make love to Kriemhild secretly. + </p> + <p> + Then one bade the tourney cease on every side; in courtly wise the great + rout ended. Etzel's men betook them to the booths; men gave them lodgings + stretching far away on every side. The day had now an end; they lay at + ease, till the bright morn was seen to dawn again, then many a man betook + him to the steeds. Ho, what pastimes they gan ply in honor of the king! + Etzel bade the Huns purvey all with fitting honors. Then they rode from + Tulna to the town of Vienna, where they found many a dame adorned. With + great worship these greeted King Etzel's bride. There was ready for them + in great plenty whatever they should have. Many a lusty hero rejoiced at + prospect of the rout. + </p> + <p> + The king's wedding feast commenced in merry wise. They began to lodge the + guests, but quarters could not be found for all within the town. Rudeger + therefore begged those that were not guests to take lodgings in the + country round about. I ween men found all time by Lady Kriemhild, Sir + Dietrich and many another knight. Their rest they had given over for toil, + that they might purvey the guests good cheer. Rudeger and his friends had + pastime good. The wedding feast fell on a Whitsuntide, when King Etzel lay + by Kriemhild in the town of Vienna. With her first husband, I trow, she + did not win so many men for service. Through presents she made her known + to those who had never seen her. Full many among them spake to the guests: + "We weened that Lady Kriemhild had naught of goods, now hath she wrought + many wonders with her gifts." + </p> + <p> + The feasting lasted seventeen days. I trow men can no longer tell of any + king whose wedding feast was greater. If so be, 'tis hidden from us. All + that were present wore brand-new garments. I ween, she never dwelt before + in Netherland with such retinue of knights. Though Siegfried was rich in + goods, I trow, he never won so many noble men-at-arms, as she saw stand + 'fore Etzel. Nor hath any ever given at his own wedding feast so many + costly mantles, long and wide, nor such good clothes, of which all had + here great store, given for Kriemhild's sake. Her friends and the + strangers, too, were minded to spare no kind of goods. Whatever any + craved, this they willingly gave, so that many of the knights through + bounty stood bereft of clothes. Kriemhild thought of how she dwelt with + her noble husband by the Rhine; her eyes grew moist, but she hid it full + well, that none might see it. Great worship had been done her after many a + grief. Whatever bounty any used, 'twas but a wind to that of Dietrich. + What Botelung's son had given him, was squandered quite. Rudeger's lavish + hand did also many wonders. Prince Bloedel of Hungary bade empty many + traveling chests of their silver and their gold; all this was given away. + The king's champions were seen to live right merrily. Werbel and Swemmel, + (10) the minstrels of the king, each gained at the wedding feast, I ween, + full thousand marks, or even better, when fair Kriemhild sate crowned at + Etzel's side. + </p> + <p> + On the eighteenth morning they rode forth from Vienna. Many shields were + pierced in tilting by spears, which the warriors bare in hand. Thus King + Etzel came down to the Hunnish land. They spent the night at ancient + Heimburg. (11) No one might know the press of folk, or with what force + they rode across the land. Ho, what fair women they found in Etzel's + native land! At mighty Misenburg (12) they boarded ship. The water which + men saw flowing there was covered with steeds and men, as if it were solid + earth. The wayworn ladies had their ease and rest. Many good ships were + lashed together, that neither waves nor flood might do them harm. Upon + them many a goodly tent was spread, as if they still had both land and + plain. + </p> + <p> + From thence tidings came to Etzelburg, (13) at which both men and wives + therein were glad. Helca's meiny, that aforetime waited on their mistress, + passed many a happy day thereafter at Kriemhild's side. There many a noble + maid stood waiting, who had great grief through Helca's death. Kriemhild + found still seven royal princesses there, through whom all Etzel's land + was graced. For the meiny the high-born maiden Herrat (14) cared, the + daughter of Helca's sister, beseen with many courtly virtues, the + betrothed of Dietrich, a royal child, King Nentwin's (15) daughter; much + worship she later had. Blithe of heart she was at the coming of the + guests; for this, too, mighty treasures were prepared. Who might tell the + tale of how the king held court? Never had men lived better among the Huns + with any queen. + </p> + <p> + When that the king with his wife rode from the shore, the noble Kriemhild + was told full well who each one was; she greeted them the better. Ho, how + royally she ruled in Helca's stead! She became acquaint with much loyal + service. Then the queen dealt out gold and vesture, silk and precious + stones. Whatever she brought with her across the Rhine to Hungary must + needs be given all away. All the king's kinsmen and all his liegemen then + owned her service, so that Lady Helca never ruled so mightily as she, whom + they now must serve till Kriemhild's death. The court and all the land + lived in such high honors, that all time men found the pastimes which each + heart desired, through the favor of the king and his good queen. + </p> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + ENDNOTES: + (1) "Kiev" (M.H.G. "Kiew") is now a government in the + southwestern part of Russia. Its capital of the same name, + situated on the Dnieper, is the oldest of the better known + cities of Russia, and in the latter Middle Ages was an + important station of the Hanseatic league. + (2) "Petschenegers", a Turkish tribe originally dwelling to the + north of the Caspian. By conquest they acquired a kingdom + extending from the Don to Transylvania. They were feared + for their ferociousness and because they continually invaded + the surrounding countries, especially Kiev. + (3) "Tulna" (M.H.G. "Tulne") is the modern Tulln, a walled town + of Lower Austria, seventeen miles northwest of Vienna on the + Danube. + (4) "Ramung and Gibeck" (M.H.G. "Gibeche") appear only in our + poem, nothing else is known of them. + (5) "Hornbog" is frequently mentioned in the "Thidreksaga", but + nothing otherwise is known of him. + (6) "Hawart" is perhaps identical with the Saxon duke Hadugot, + who is reputed to have played an important part in the + conquest of Thuringia. He evidently comes from the Low + German version. + (7) "Iring" is considered by Wilmanns to have been originally an + ancient deity, as the Milky Way is called "Iringe straze" or + "Iringi". He occurs in a legend of the fall of the + Thuringian kingdom, where he played such a prominent role + that the Milky Way was named after him. See W. Grimm, + "Heldensage", p. 394, who thinks, however, that the + connection of Iring with the Milky Way is the result of a + confusion. + (8) "Irnfried" is considered to be Hermanfrid of Thuringia, who + was overthrown and killed in A.D. 535 by Theuderich with the + aid of the Saxons. See Felix Dahn, "Urgeschichte", iii, + 73-79. He, too, comes from the Low German tradition. + (9) "Bloedel" is Bleda, the brother of Attila, with whom he + reigned conjointly from A.D. 433 to 445. In our poem the + name appears frequently with the diminutive ending, as + "Bloedelin". + (10) "Werbel and Swemmel", who doubtless owe their introduction + to some minstrel, enjoy special favor and are intrusted with + the important mission of inviting the Burgundians to Etzel's + court, an honor that would hardly be accorded to persons of + their rank. Swemmel appears mostly in the diminutive form + "Swemmelin". + (11) "Heimburg" lies on the Danube near the Hungarian border. + (12) "Misenburg" is the modern Wieselburg on the Danube, + twenty-one miles southeast of Pressburg. + (13) "Etzelburg" was later identified with the old part of + Budapest, called in German "Ofen", through the influence of + Hungarish legends, but, as G. Heinrich has shown, had no + definite localization in the older M.H.G. epics. See + Bleyer, PB. Belt. xxxi 433 and 506. The name occurs in + documents as late as the fifteenth century. + (14) "Herrat", the daughter of King "Nentwin" is frequently + mentioned in the "Thidreksaga" as Dietrich's betrothed. She + is spoken of as the exiled maid. + (15) "Nentwin" is not found in any other saga, and nothing else + is known of him. See W. Grimm, "Heldensage", 103. +</pre> + <p> + <a name="link2H_4_0027"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + ADVENTURE XXIII. How Kriemhild Thought To Avenge Her Wrongs. + </h2> + <p> + With great worship of a truth they lived together until the seventh year. + In this time the queen was delivered of a son, at which King Etzel could + not have been more joyful. She would not turn back, until she brought it + to pass that Etzel's child was christened after the Christian rite. Men + named it Ortlieb; (1) at this great joy arose over all of Etzel's lands. + Whatever courtly breeding Lady Helca had possessed, Dame Kriemhild + practiced this full many a day. Herrat, the exiled maid, who in secret + grieved full sore for Helca, taught her the customs. Well was she known to + the strangers and the home-folk. They vowed that never had a kingdom had a + better or more bounteous queen. This they held for true. She bare this + praise among the Huns until the thirteenth year. Now wot she well, that + none would thwart her, as royal men-at-arms still do to a prince's wife, + and that all time she saw twelve kings stand before her. Over many a wrong + she brooded, that had happed to her at home. She thought likewise on the + many honors in the Nibelung land, which she had there enjoyed and of which + Hagen's hand had quite bereft her at Siegfried's death, and if perchance + she might not make him suffer for his deed. "That would hap, if I might + but bring him to this land." She dreamed that Giselher, her brother, + walked often with her hand in hand. Alway she kissed him in her gentle + slumber; later suffering came to both. I ween, the foul fiend did counsel + Kriemhild this, that she withdrew her friendship from Giselher, whom for + forgiveness' sake she had kissed in the Burgundian land. At this hot tears + again gan soil her robe. Early and late it lay within her heart, how + without fault of hers they had made her wed a heathen man. Hagen and + Gunther had brought her to this pass. This wish she seldom gave over in + her heart. She thought: "I am so mighty and have such great wealth, that I + can do my foes an injury yet. Full ready would I be for this towards Hagen + of Troneg. My heart doth often yearn for my faithful kin. Might I be with + those who did me wrong, my lover's death would be well avenged. Scarce can + I abide this," spake Etzel's wife. + </p> + <p> + All the king's men, Kriemhild's warriors, bare her love in duty bound. Of + the chamber Eckewart had charge, which won him friends. None might gainsay + Dame Kriemhild's will. All time she thought: "I will beg the king, that he + in kindly wise may grant me to bring my kinsmen to the Hunnish land." None + marked the evil purpose of the queen. One night when she lay by the king, + and he did hold her in his arms, as he was wont to love the noble dame, + who was dear to him as life, the high-born lady thought her of her foes. + To the king she spake: "Dear my lord, I would fain beseech you, by your + grace, that ye would show me that ye did love my kinsfolk, if I have + earned the favor." + </p> + <p> + Then spake the king (true was his heart): "I'll give you to know however + well the knights may fare, I may well have joy of this, for never have I + won better kin through woman's love." + </p> + <p> + Again the queen spake: "It hath been well told you, that I have high-born + kin; therefore do I grieve that they so seldom reck to see me here. I hear + the folk aver that I be banished." + </p> + <p> + Then spake king Etzel: "Dear lady mine, and it think you not too far, I'll + bid hither to my lands, from across the Rhine, whomso ye be fain to see." + </p> + <p> + The lady joyed her when she heard his will. She spake: "Would ye show me + your faith, my lord, then send envoys to Worms across the Rhine, through + whom I may tell my kinsfolk what I have in mind. Thus there will come + hither to our land many a noble knight and a good." + </p> + <p> + He answered: "It shall hap whenso ye bid. Ye might not be more glad to see + your kin than I to see the sons of the noble Uta. It doth irk me sore, + that they have been strangers to us so long a time. If it please you, dear + lady mine, I would fain send my minstrels for your kinsmen to the + Burgundian land." + </p> + <p> + He bade the good minstrels be fetched straightway. Quickly they hasted to + where the king sate by the queen. He told the twain they should be envoys + to the Burgundian land and bade full lordly weeds be made ready for them. + Clothing was prepared for four and twenty warriors, and the message was + told them by the king, how they should bid Gunther and his liegemen + hither. Kriemhild, the queen, talked with them apart. Then spake the + mighty king: "I'll tell you what to say. I offer to my kin my love and + service, that it may please them to ride hither to my land. But few such + welcome guests have I known, and if they perchance will fulfill my wish, + tell Kriemhild's kinsmen that they must not fall to come this summer to my + feast, for much of my joy doth lie upon the kinsmen of my wife." + </p> + <p> + Then spake the minstrel, the proud Swemmel: "When shall your feasting be + in these lands, that I may tell it yonder to your kin?" + </p> + <p> + King Etzel answered: "On next midsummer's day." + </p> + <p> + "We'll do as ye command," spake then Werbel. + </p> + <p> + The queen bade them be brought secretly unto her bower, where she then + talked with the envoys. From this but little joy happed to many a knight. + To the two messengers she spake: "Now earn ye mickle goods, in that ye do + my pleasure full willingly and give the message which I send to my native + land. I'll make you rich in goods and give you the lordly robes. And if ye + see any of my kin at Worms upon the Rhine, ye must not tell them that ye + ever saw me sad of heart. Tender my service to the heroes brave and good. + Beg that they do as the king doth bid and thus part me from all my grief. + The Huns ween, I be without kith and kin. Were I a knight, I'd visit them + myself at times. And say to Gernot, too, the noble brother of mine, that + none in the world doth love him more. Beg him to bring with him to this + land our best of friends, that it may be to our honor. Say also to + Giselher, that he remember well, I never gained grief through fault of + his. Therefore would mine eyes fain sue him. For his great loyalty I would + gladly have him here. Tell my mother also of the honors which I have, and + if Hagen of Troneg be minded to stay at home, who then should lead them + through the lands? From a child he knoweth the roads to Hungary." (2) + </p> + <p> + The envoys wist not, why it was done, that they should not let Hagen of + Troneg stay upon the Rhine. Later it repented them full sore. With him + many a knight was doomed to a savage death. Letters and messages had now + been given them. They rode forth rich in goods, and well could lead a + sumptuous life. Of Etzel and his fair wife they took their leave, their + persons adorned full well with goodly weeds. + </p> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + ENDNOTES: + (1) "Ortlieb" is not historical, and in the "Thidreksaga" + Etzel's son is called Aldrian. Bleyer, "Die germanischen + Elemente der ungarischen, Hunnensage", PB. Beit. xxxi, 570, + attempt to prove the identity of the names by means of a + form "Arda", giving on the one hand Hungarian "Aladar", + "Aldrian", on the other German "Arte", "Orte". + (2) "Hungary". According to the account in "Waltharius", Hagen + spent his youth as a hostage at Etzel's court. +</pre> + <p> + <a name="link2H_4_0028"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + ADVENTURE XXIV. How Werbel And Swemmel Brought The Message. + </h2> + <p> + When that Etzel had sent his envoys to the Rhine, these tidings flew from + land to land. Through full speedy messengers he begged and bade to his + high feasting. From this many a one met there his death. The envoys rode + away from the Hunnish land to Burgundy. They were sent thither for three + noble kings and for their men, that these should come to Etzel; therefore + all gan haste. To Bechelaren they came a-riding, where served them gladly. + Rudeger and Gotelind and the child of them twain delayed not to send their + service through the envoys to the Rhine. Nor did they let them part hence + without gifts, that Etzel's men might fare the better. To Uta and her sons + Rudeger sent word that they had no more loyal margrave than he. To + Brunhild, also, they tendered service and good wishes, constant fealty and + a loving mind. When they heard the speech that the envoys would ride, the + margravine begged God in heaven to keep them well. + </p> + <p> + Before the messengers were quite come through Bavarian land, the doughty + Werbel sought out the good Bishop Pilgrim. What word he sent to his kin + upon the Rhine, that I know not, but naught but ruddy gold he gave the + messengers for love and let them ride. + </p> + <p> + Then spake the bishop: "And might I see them here, my sister's sons, I + should be blithe of mood, for full seldom can I come to them upon the + Rhine." + </p> + <p> + What roads they traveled to the Rhine, I cannot tell. None robbed them of + their silver and their weeds; men feared their master's wrath. Certes the + noble high-born king was a mighty lord. + </p> + <p> + Within a twelfth night Werbel and Swemmel came to the Rhine, to the land + of Worms. To the kings and their liegemen tidings were told that there + came strange messengers. Gunther, the lord of the Rhineland, gan ask: "Who + will do us to wit, from whence these strangers ride into our land?" + </p> + <p> + This none wist, till Hagen of Troneg saw them, who then spake to Gunther: + "New tidings be come to us, as I will vouch, for I have seen King Etzel's + minstrels here. Them your sister hath sent to the Rhine; for their + master's sake we must give them a kindly welcome." + </p> + <p> + Already they were riding up before the palace; never did a prince's + minstrels journey in more lordly wise. Straightway the king's meiny bade + them welcome. Men gave them lodgings and bade take in charge their + trappings. Their traveling clothes were rich and so well fashioned that + with honor they might come before the king, but they would not wear them + longer there at court, and asked if there were any that desired them. At + the selfsame moment folk were found who fain would take them, and to these + they were sent. Then the strangers donned far better weeds, such as well + befitted king's messengers for to wear. + </p> + <p> + Then Etzel's retainers went by leave to where the king was sitting; men + saw this gladly. Hagen sprang courteously towards the messengers and + greeted them in loving wise. For this the squires did say him thanks. That + he might know their tidings, he gan ask how Etzel fared and all his men. + Then spake the minstrel: "Never did the land stand better, nor were the + folk more merry; now know that of a truth." + </p> + <p> + To the host they went; the hall was full. There men received the guests, + as one must do by right, when kindly greetings be sent to the lands of + other kings. Werbel found full many warriors there at Gunther's side. In + courteous wise the king gan greet them: "Ye minstrels of the Huns and all + your fellowship, be ye welcome. Hath the mighty Etzel sent you hither to + the Burgundian land?" + </p> + <p> + To the king they bowed; then spake Werbel: "My dear lord, and also + Kriemhild, your sister, do send you loyal service to this land. They have + sent us to you knights in all good faith." + </p> + <p> + Spake the mighty prince: "Merry am I at this tale. How fareth Etzel," so + asked the knight, "and Kriemhild, my sister, of the Hunnish land?" + </p> + <p> + Quoth the minstrel: "This tale I'll tell you; ye should know that never + have folk fared better than the twain and all their followers, their + kinsmen and their vassals. They joyed them of the journey, as we departed + hence." + </p> + <p> + "Gramercy for his greetings which he hath sent me, and for those of my + sister, sith it standeth so that the king and his men live thus in + happiness, for I did ask the news in fear and trembling." + </p> + <p> + The two young princes were now also come, for they had but just heard the + tale. For the sake of his sister Giselher, the youth, was fain to see the + envoys. He spake to them in loving wise: "Ye messengers, be very welcome + to us. An' ye would ride more often hither to the Rhine, ye would find + friends here whom ye would be glad to see. Little of harm shall hap you in + this land." + </p> + <p> + "We trust you in all honor," spake then Swemmel. "I could not convey to + you with all my wits, how lovingly king Etzel and your noble sister, who + live in such great worship, have sent their greetings. The queen doth mind + you of your love and fealty, and that your heart and mind did ever hold + her dear. But first and foremost we be sent to the king, that ye may deign + to ride to Etzel's land. The mighty Etzel enjoined us strictly to beg you + this and sent the message to you all, that if ye would not let your sister + see you, he fain would know what he had done you that ye be so strange to + him and to his lands. An' ye had never known the queen, yet would he fain + bring it to pass that consent to come and see him. It would please him + well if that might hap." + </p> + <p> + Then spake King Gunther: "In a sennight I will tell you the tale of what I + have bethought me with my friends. Meanwhile hie you to your lodgings and + rest you well." + </p> + <p> + Quoth Werbel again: "And could that be that we might see my lady, the + royal Uta, afore we take our easement?" + </p> + <p> + The noble Giselher spake then full courteously: "None shall hinder that. + An' ye would go before her, ye will do in full my mother's wish, for she + will gladly see you for my sister's sake, the Lady Kriemhild; she will + make you welcome." + </p> + <p> + Giselher led them to where they found the queen. Gladly she gazed upon the + envoys from the Hunnish land. Through her courtesie she gave them gentle + greeting. The good and courtly messengers then told their tale. "My lady + offereth you of a truth," so spake Swemmel, "her love and duty. Might that + be that she could see you oft, ye may well believe she had no better joy + in all the world." + </p> + <p> + Then spake the queen: "That may not be. However gladly I would often see + the dear daughter of mine, yet doth the wife of the noble king live, alas, + too far from me. May she and Etzel be ever blessed. Pray let me know + before ye leave, when ye would hence again; not in a long time have I seen + messengers so gladly as I have you." The squires vowed that this should + hap. + </p> + <p> + Those from the Hunnish land now rode to their lodgings. Meanwhile the + mighty king had sent to fetch his friends. The noble Gunther asked his + liegemen how they liked the speech. Many a one gan say that the king well + might ride to Etzel's land. The very best among them advised him this, + save Hagen alone; him misliked it sore. Privily he spake to the king: "Ye + fight against yourself; ye know full well what we have done. We may well + be ever on our guard with Kriemhild, for with mine own hand I slew her + husband to death. How durst we ride to Etzel's land?" + </p> + <p> + Then spake the mighty king: "My sister gave over her wrath; with a kiss + she lovingly forgave what we had done her, or ever she rode away. Unless + be that the feud doth stand against you alone." + </p> + <p> + Quoth Hagen: "Now let the messengers from the Huns beguile you not, + whatsoever they say. Would ye visit Kriemhild, easily may ye lose there + both life and honor. Full long of vengeance is King Etzel's wife." + </p> + <p> + Then spake Prince Gernot to the council: "Why should we give it over, + because ye rightly fear death in the Hunnish lands? It were an ill deed + not to go to see our sister." + </p> + <p> + Then spake Prince Giselher to the knight: "Sith ye know you to be guilty, + friend Hagen, ye should stay at home and guard you well, and let those who + dare ride with us to my sister." + </p> + <p> + At this the knight of Troneg grew wroth of mood. "I will not that ye take + any with you on the way, who durst better ride to court than I. Sith ye + will not turn you, I will well show you that." + </p> + <p> + Then spake the master of the kitchen, Rumolt, the knight: "Ye can well + have the strangers and the home-folk cared for here, after your own + desire, for ye have full store of goods. I ween, Hagen hath never given + you for a hostage; (1) but if ye will not follow him, Rumolt adviseth you, + for I be bound to you in fealty and duty, that for my sake ye abide here + and leave King Etzel there with Kriemhild. How might it fare more gently + with you in all the world? Ye be well able to stand before your foes; so + deck your body out with brave attire, drink the best of wine, and pay + court to stately ladies. Thereto ye be served with the best of food that + ever king did gain in the world. And were this not so, yet should ye tarry + here for your fair wife's sake, before ye risk your life so childishly. + Wherefore I do counsel you to stay at home. Your lands be rich, and one + can redeem his pledges better at home than among the Huns. Who knoweth how + it standeth there? Ye should stay at home, Sire, that is Rumolt's + counsel." + </p> + <p> + "We will not stay," quoth Gernot. "Sith my sister and the mighty Etzel + have bidden us in such friendly wise, why should we not accept? He that + liketh not to go may stay at home." + </p> + <p> + To This Hagen answered: "Take not my speech amiss, however ye may fare. In + all truth I counsel you, would ye guard your lives, then ride to the Huns + well armed. Sith ye will not turn you, send for your men-at-arms, the best + ye have or can find in any part; from among them all I'll choose a + thousand doughty knights. Then Kriemhild's evil mood can bring you naught + of harm." + </p> + <p> + "This rede I'll gladly follow," spake straightway the king. He then bade + messengers ride far and wide throughout his lands. Three thousand + champions or more they fetched. Little they weened to gain such grievous + woe. Full merrily they rode to Gunther's court. Men bade give all that + were to ride forth from Burgundy both steeds and trappings. The king + gained full many a one with willing mood. Then Hagen of Troneg bade his + brother Dankwart lead eighty of their warriors to the Rhine. In knightly + guise they came; these doughty men took with them harness and trappings + into Gunther's land. Then came bold Folker, a noble minstrel he, with + thirty of his men for the journey to Kriemhild's court. They had clothing + such as a king might wear. Gunther bade make known, he would to the + Hunnish land. I'll do you now to wit who Folker was. He was a noble lord, + the liege of many doughty knights in Burgundy. A minstrel he was called, + for that he wist how to fiddle. Hagen chose a thousand whom he well knew; + oft had he seen what their hands had wrought in press of battle, or in + whatever else they did. None might aver aught else of them than + doughtiness. + </p> + <p> + The tarrying irked Kriemhild's envoys sore, for great was their fear of + their lord. Daily they craved leave to go; this Hagen would not grant + through craftiness. To his master he spake: "We should well guard against + letting them ride away, until we ourselves fare forth a sennight later to + Etzel's land. If any beareth us ill will, the better shall we wot it. Nor + may Lady Kriemhild then make ready that through any plan of hers, men do + us harm. An' this be her will, she'll fare full ill, for many a chosen + liegeman had we hence." + </p> + <p> + Shields and saddles, and all the garments that they would take with them + to Etzel's land, were now full ready for many a brave man-at-arms. Now men + bade Kriemhild's messengers go before King Gunther. When they were come, + Gernot spake: "The king will do as Etzel asked us, we will gladly come to + his high feast to see our sister; be no more in doubt of that." + </p> + <p> + Then King Gunther spake: "Wist ye how to tell us, when this feast shall + be, or in what time we should go thither?" + </p> + <p> + Swemmel replied: "Of a truth it shall be on next midsummer's day." + </p> + <p> + The king gave them leave (this had not happed as yet), if they would fain + see Lady Brunhild, to go before her with his free will. This Folker + hindered, which pleased her much. "Forsooth, my Lady Brunhild is not so + well of mood, that ye may see her," spake the good knight. "Bide the + morrow, and men will let you see her." When they weened to gaze upon her, + it might not hap. + </p> + <p> + Then the mighty prince, who liked the envoys well, through his own + courtesie, bade his gold be carried forth on the broad shields of which he + had great store. Rich gifts were also given them by his kinsmen Giselher + and Gernot, Gere and Ortwin. Well they showed, that they were generous, + too. They offered the messengers such rich gifts, that for fear of their + lord they durst not take them. + </p> + <p> + Now spake the envoy Werbel to the king: "Sir King, let your gifts stay + here at home. We may carry none away; our lord forbade that we take aught + of gifts. Then too, there is but little need." + </p> + <p> + Then the ruler of the Rhine waxed wroth, that they should thus refuse the + gifts of so mighty a king. At last they were forced to take his gold and + weeds, the which they later bare to Etzel's land. They would fain see the + Lady Uta, or ever they departed hence, so the doughty Giselher brought the + minstrels before his mother Uta. The lady sent the message, that whatever + honors her daughter had, this gave her joy. Then the queen bade give the + minstrels of her edgings and her gold, for the sake of King Etzel and + Kriemhild whom she loved. Gladly they took the gifts; in good faith 'twas + done. + </p> + <p> + The messengers had now taken their leave from thence, from wives and men. + Merrily they rode away to Swabia. Thither Gernot bade his knights escort + them, that none might do them harm. When they parted from those who should + have them in their care, Etzel's power did guard them on all their ways, + so that none bereft them of either horse or trappings. With great speed + they hasted towards Etzel's land. To all the friends they wot of, they + made known that in a short time the Burgundians would come hither from the + Rhine to the Hunnish land. To the Bishop Pilgrim too, the tale was told. + As they rode adown the highway before Bechelaren, men delayed not to tell + Rudeger and Gotelind, the margrave's wife. Merry she grew that she should + see them. Men saw the minstrels hasting with the tidings. They found King + Etzel in the town of Gran. (2) Greeting after greeting they gave the king, + of which full many had been sent him. He blushed for very joy. + </p> + <p> + Happy of mood was the queen, when she heard the tale aright that her + brothers should come into the land. She gave the minstrels great gifts as + meed. This was done for honor's sake. She spake: "Now tell me, both of + you, Werbel and Swemmel, which of my kin are minded to be at the feast? + Will the best of those we bade come hither to this land? Pray tell me what + Hagen said when he heard the tale." + </p> + <p> + The minstrel answered: "He came on a morning early to the council, and but + little of fair speech he spake thereby. When they pledged the journey + hither to the Hunnish lands, that was as words of death to the wrathful + Hagen. Your brothers, the three kings, will come in lordly mood. Whoever + else may come, this tale I know not of a surety. The brave minstrel Folker + vowed to ride along." + </p> + <p> + "Little do I reck," spake the queen, "whether I ever see Folker here. Of + Hagen I be fond, he is a doughty hero. My spirits stand high that we may + see him here." + </p> + <p> + Then the queen went to where she saw the king. How lovingly Dame Kriemhild + spake: "How like you these tales, dear my lord? What I have ever craved, + shall now be brought to pass." + </p> + <p> + "Thy wish is my joy," spake then the king. "Never have I been so blithe of + mine own kin, when they should come hither to my lands. Through the + kindness of thy kinsmen my care hath fled away." + </p> + <p> + King Etzel's officers bade everywhere palace and hall be purveyed with + benches for the guests which were to come. Thereafter the king heard from + them mickle weeping. + </p> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + ENDNOTES: + (1) "Hostage", i.e., he has never betrayed you to your enemies. + (2) "Gran", royal free city of Hungary, on the right bank of the + Danube opposite the influx of the Gran, twenty-four miles + northwest of Budapest. +</pre> + <p> + <a name="link2H_4_0029"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + ADVENTURE XXV. How The Lords All Journeyed To The Huns. + </h2> + <p> + Now let us leave the tale of how they lived at Etzel's court. More + high-mettled warriors never rode in such lordly wise to the land of any + king; they had whatever they listed, both of weapons and of weeds. The + ruler of the Rhineland clad his men, a thousand and sixty knights, (1) as + I have heard, and nine thousand footmen, for the courtly feast. Those they + left at home bewailed it in after time. The trappings were now borne + across the court at Worms; then spake an aged bishop from Speyer to fair + Uta: "Our friends would journey to the feasting. May God preserve their + honor there." + </p> + <p> + The noble Lady Uta then spake to her sons: "Pray tarry here, good knights. + Me-dreamed last night of direst woe, how all the fowls in this land lay + dead." + </p> + <p> + "Who recketh aught of dreams," quoth Hagen, "he wotteth not how to say the + proper words, when 'twould bring him great store of honors. I wish that my + lord go to court to take his leave. We must gladly ride to Etzel's land. + The arms of doughty heroes may serve kings there full well, where we shall + behold Kriemhild's feast." + </p> + <p> + Hagen counseled the journey, but later it rued him sore. He would have + advised against it, but that Gernot encountered him with such rude words. + Of Siegfried, Lady Kriemhild's husband, he minded him; he spake: "Because + of him Hagen will not make the journey to the court." + </p> + <p> + At this Hagen of Troneg spake: "I do it not from fear. Heroes, when it + please you, begin the work. Certes I will gladly ride with you to Etzel's + land." Later he carved to pieces many a helm and shield. + </p> + <p> + The skiffs were now made ready; many a knight stood there. Thither men + bare whatever clothes they had. Busy they were until the even tide, then + full merrily they set forth from home. Tents and pavilions were raised + upon the green beyond the Rhine. When this had happed, the king bade his + fair wife tarry with him. That night she still embraced her stately + knight. Trumpeting and fluting rose early on the morn, as sign that they + should ride. Then to the work they went. Whoso held in his arms his love + caressed the fair. Later King Etzel's wife parted them with woe. + </p> + <p> + Fair Uta's sons, they had a liegeman, brave and true. When they would + hence, he spake to the king in secret wise his mind. Quoth he: "I must + bewail that ye make this journey to the court." He was hight Rumolt and + was a hero of his hands. He spake: "To whom will ye leave your folk and + lands? O that none can turn you warriors from your mind! These tidings + from Kriemhild have never thought me good." + </p> + <p> + "Be the land and my little child, too, commended to thy care; serve well + the ladies, that is my wish. Comfort any thou dost see in tears. Certes + King Etzel's bride will never do us harm." + </p> + <p> + The steeds were now ready for the kings and their men. Many a one who + lived there high of spirit, parted thence with loving kisses. This many a + stately dame must later needs bewail. When the doughty knights were seen + go toward the steeds, men spied full many ladies standing sadly there. + Their hearts did tell them that this long parting boded them great harm. + This doth never ease the heart. + </p> + <p> + The doughty Burgundians started on their way. Then in the land a mighty + turmoil rose; on either side of the mountains there wept both men and + wives. But however the folk might bear them, the knights jogged merrily + along. With them rode the men of Nibelung, a thousand hauberks strong, who + had left many comely dames at home whom they never saw again. Siegfried's + wounds gave Kriemhild pain. + </p> + <p> + Gunther's liegemen now wended their way towards the river Main, up through + Eastern Frankland. (2) Thither Hagen led them, for well he wot the way. + Dankwart was their marshal, the hero from Burgundian land. As they rode + away from the Eastern Frankland towards Swanfield, (3) men could tell the + princes and their kin, the worshipful knights, by their lordly bearing. On + the twelfth morning the king came to the Danube. Hagen of Troneg rode + foremost of them all, giving to the Nibelungs helpful cheer. On the sandy + shore the bold knight dismounted and bound his steed full soon to a tree. + The river was swollen, the skiffs hidden away. Great fear the Nibelungs + had, as to how they might come across, for the stream was much too broad. + Full many a lusty knight alighted on the ground. + </p> + <p> + "Ill may it lightly hap with thee here," quoth Hagen, "O ruler of the + Rhine. Now mayst thou thyself see the river is swollen, its flood is + mighty. Certes, I ween, we shall lose here many a worthy knight to-day." + </p> + <p> + "Why dost thou rebuke me, Hagen?" spake the lordly king. "For thine own + prowess' sake discomfit me no more, but seek us the ford across to the + other bank, that we may take hence both steeds and trappings." + </p> + <p> + "Forsooth," quoth Hagen, "I be not so weary of life, that I would drown me + in these broad waves. Sooner shall men die by my hands in Etzel's lands. + That will I well. Stay by the water's side, ye proud knights and good, and + I will seek the ferryman myself along the stream, who shall ferry us + across to Gelfrat's (4) land." + </p> + <p> + Then the stalwart Hagen seized his good shield. Well was he armed. The + shield he bare along, his helmet bound upon his head, bright enow it was. + Above his breastplate he bare a sword so broad that most fiercely it cut + on either edge. To and fro he sought the ferryman. He heard the splash of + water and began to listen. In a fair spring wise women (5) were bathing + for to cool them off. Now Hagen spied them and crept toward them + stealthily. When they grew ware of this, they hurried fast to escape him; + glad enow they were of this. The hero took their clothes, but did them + naught else of harm. + </p> + <p> + Then spake one of the mermaids (Hadburg she was called): "Sir Knight + Hagen, we'll do you here to wit, an' ye give us our weeds again, bold + knight, how ye will fare upon this journey to the Hunnish court." + </p> + <p> + Like birds they floated before him on the flood. Therefore him-thought + their senses strong and good; he believed the more what they would tell + him. Well they answered what he craved of them. Hadburg spake again: "Ye + may safely ride to Etzel's land. I'll stake my troth at once as pledge, + that heroes never rode better to any realm for such great honors. Now + believe that in truth." + </p> + <p> + In his heart Hagen was joyous at this rede. He gave them back their + clothes and no longer tarried. As they donned their strange attire, they + told him rightly of the journey to Etzel's land. The other mermaid spake + (Siegelind she hight): "I will warn thee, Hagen, son of Aldrian. (6) For + the sake of her weeds mine aunt hath lied to thee. An' thou comest to the + Huns, thou wilt be sore deceived. Time is, that thou shouldst turn again, + for ye heroes be bidden, that ye may die in Etzel's land. Whose rideth + hither, hath taken death by the hand." + </p> + <p> + Answered Hagen: "Ye deceive us needlessly. How might it come to pass that + we should all die there, through anybody's hate?" + </p> + <p> + Then gan they tell him the tale still more knowingly. The same one spake + again: "It must needs be that none of you shall live, save the king's + chaplain; this we know full well. He will come again safe and sound to + Gunther's land." + </p> + <p> + Then spake bold Hagen, fierce of mood: "It were not well to tell my lords + that we should all lose our lives among the Huns. Now show us over the + stream, thou wisest of all wives." + </p> + <p> + She answered: "Sith ye will not turn you from the journey, up yonder where + an inn doth stand, by the waterside, there is a ferryman and elsewhere + none." + </p> + <p> + At once he ceased to ask for further tidings. After the angry warrior she + called: "Pray bide a time, Sir Hagen! Forsooth ye are too much in haste. + List further to the tale of how ye may cross to the other bank. The lord + of these marches beareth the name of Else. (7) His brother is hight Knight + Gelfrat, a lord in the Bavarian land. 'Twill go hard with you, an' ye will + cross his land. Ye must guard you well and deal full wisely with the + ferryman. So grim of mood is he that he'll not let you live, unless be + that ye have your wits about you with the knight. An' ye will that he + guide you, then give him his meed. He guardeth this land and is liegeman + unto Gelfrat. And cometh he not betimes, so call across the flood and say, + ye hight Amelrich. (8) He was a doughty here that; because of a feud did + void this land. The ferryman will come when he heareth this name." + </p> + <p> + Haughty Hagen bowed then to the dames; he spake no more, but held his + peace. Then by the river he hied him higher up upon the sandy shore, to + where he found an inn upon the other bank. Loudly he began to call across + the flood: "Now come and fetch me, ferryman," quoth the good knight, "and + I will give thee as meed an arm ring of ruddy gold. Know, that of this + passage I have great need in truth." + </p> + <p> + So noble was the ferryman that it behooved him not to serve, therefore he + full seldom took wage of any wight. His squires, too, were full lofty of + mood. All this time Hagen still stood alone, this side of the flood. He + called with might and main, that all the water rang, for mickle and great + was the hero's strength. "Now fetch me. I am Amelrich, Else's liegeman, + that because of a great feud did void these lands." + </p> + <p> + High upon his spear (9) he offered him an arm band, bright and fair it + was, of ruddy gold, that one should ferry him over to Gelfrat's land. The + haughty ferryman, the which was newly wed himself, did take the oar in + hand. As he would earn Hagen's gold so red, therefore he died the + sword-grim death at the hands of the knight. The greed for great goods + (10) doth give an evil end. Speedily the boatman rowed across to the sandy + bank. When he found no trace of him whose name he heard, wroth he grew in + earnest. When he spied Hagen, with fierce rage he spake to the hero: "Ye + may perchance hight Amelrich, but ye are not like him whom I weened here. + By father and by mother he was my brother. Sith ye have bewrayed me, ye + may stay on this hither shore." + </p> + <p> + "No, by the mighty God," spake then Hagen, "I am a stranger knight and + have warriors in my care. Now take ye kindly my meed to-day and ferry me + over. I am in truth your friend." + </p> + <p> + The ferryman replied: "This may not be. My dear lords have foes, wherefore + I never ferry strangers to this land. If ye love your life, step out + quickly on the sand." + </p> + <p> + "Now do it not," spake Hagen; "sad is my mind. Take this good gold from me + as a token of my love and ferry us across: a thousand horse and just as + many men." + </p> + <p> + The grim boatman answered: "'Twill ne'er be done." He raised a mighty + rudder oar, mickle and broad, and struck at Hagen (full wroth he grew at + this), so that he fell upon his knees in the boat. The lord of Troneg had + never met so fierce a ferryman. Still more the boatman would vex the + haughty stranger. He smote with an oar, so that it quite to-broke (11) + over Hagen's head (a man of might was he); from this the ferryman of Else + took great harm. Hagen, fierce of mood, seized straightway his sheath, + wherein he found his sword. His head he struck off and cast it on the + ground. Eftsoon these tidings were made known to the proud Burgundians. At + the very moment that he slew the boatman, the skiff gan drifting down the + stream. Enow that irked him. Weary he grew before he brought it back. King + Gunther's liegeman pulled with might and main. With passing swift strokes + the stranger turned it, until the sturdy oar snapped in his hand. He would + hence to the knights out upon the shore. None other oar he had. Ho, how + quickly he bound it with a shield strap, a narrow band! Towards a wood he + floated down the stream, where he found his sovran standing by the shore. + </p> + <p> + Many a stately man went down to meet him. The doughty knights and good + received him with a kindly greeting. When they beheld in the skiff the + blood reeking from a gaping wound which he had dealt the ferryman, Hagen + was plied enow with questions by the knights. When that King Gunther spied + the hot blood swirling in the skiff, how quickly he spake: "Wherefore tell + ye me not, Hagen, whither the ferryman be come? I ween your prowess hath + bereft him of his life." + </p> + <p> + At this he answered craftily: "When I found the skiff hard by a willow + tree, I loosed it with my hand. I have seen no ferryman here to-day, nor + hath harm happed to any one through fault of mine." + </p> + <p> + Then spake Sir Gernot of Burgundy: "I must needs fear the death of dear + friends to-day. Sith we have no boatmen here at hand, how shall we come + over? Therefore I must perforce stand sad." + </p> + <p> + Loudly then called Hagen: "Ye footmen, lay the trappings down upon the + grass. I bethink me that once I was the very best of boatmen that one + might find along the Rhine. I trow to bring you all safe across to + Gelfrat's land." + </p> + <p> + They struck the horses, that these might the sooner come across the flood; + passing well they swam, for the mighty waves bereft them of not a one. + Some few drifted far adown the stream, as did befit their weariness. Then + the knights bare to the skiff their gold and weeds, sith there was no help + for the crossing. Hagen played the steersman, and so he ferried full many + mighty warriors over to the sandy shore, into the unknown land. First he + took across a thousand noble knights, then his own men-at-arms. Still + there were more to come. Nine thousand footmen he ferried over to the + land. Aught but idle was Hagen's hand that day. When he had carried them + all safe across the flood, the doughty knight and good bethought him of + the strange tales which the wild mermaids had told him afore. For this + cause the king's chaplain near lost his life. He found the priest close by + the chapel luggage, leaning with his hand upon the relics. Little might + that boot him. When Hagen spied him, ill fared it with the hapless priest; + he threw him from the skiff in haste. Enow of them called out: "Hold on, + Sir Hagen, hold!" + </p> + <p> + Giselher, the youth, gan rage, but Hagen let none come between. Then spake + Sir Gernot of Burgundy: "What availeth you now, Hagen, the chaplain's + death? Had another done the deed, 'twould have irked you sore. For what + cause have ye sworn enmity to the priest?" + </p> + <p> + The clerk (12) now tried to swim with might and main, for he would fain + save his life, if perchance any there would help him. That might not be, + for the stalwart Hagen was wroth of mood. He thrust him to the bottom, the + which thought no one good. When the poor priest saw naught of help, he + turned him back again. Sore was he discomfited, but though he could not + swim, yet did God's hand help him, so that he came safe and sound to the + land again. There the poor clerk stood and shook his robe. Hagen marked + thereby that naught might avail against the tidings which the wild + mermaids told him. Him-thought: "These knights must lose their lives." + </p> + <p> + When the liegemen of the three kings unloaded the skiff and had borne all + away which they had upon it, Hagen brake it to pieces and threw it in the + flood, at which the bold knights and good did marvel much. + </p> + <p> + "Wherefore do ye that, brother," quoth Dankwart, "how shall we come over, + when we ride homeward from the Huns, back to the Rhine?" + </p> + <p> + Later Hagen told him that might not be. The hero of Troneg spake: "I do it + in the hope that if we have a coward on this journey, who through + faint-heartedness would run away, that in this stream he may die a + shameful death." + </p> + <p> + They had with them from Burgundy land a hero of his hands, the which was + named Folker. Wisely he spake all his mind. Whatever Hagen did, it thought + the fiddler good. Their steeds were now ready, the sumpters laden well. On + the journey they had taken no harm that irked them, save the king's + chaplain alone. He must needs wander back on foot to the Rhine again. + </p> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + ENDNOTES: + (1) "a thousand and sixty". This does not agree with the + account in Adventure XXIV, where we read of a thousand of + Hagen's men, eighty of Dankwart's, and thirty of Folker's. + The nine thousand foot soldiers mentioned here are a later + interpolation, as the "Thidreksaga" speaks of only a + thousand all told. + (2) "Eastern Frankland", or East Franconia, is the ancient + province of "Franconia Orientalis", the region to the east + of the Spessart forest, including the towns of Fulda, + Würzburg and Barnberg. In <i>Biterolf</i> Dietlieb journeys + through Eastern Frankland to the Danube. + (3) "Swanfield" (M.H.G. "Swanevelde") is the ancient province of + "Sualafeld" between the Rezat and the Danube. + (4) "Gelfrat" is a Bavarian lord and the brother of "Else", + mentioned below. Their father's name was also Else. + (5) "Wise women", a generic name for all supernatural women of + German mythology. While it is not specifically mentioned, + it is probable that the wise women, or mermaids, as they are + also called here, were 'swan maidens', which play an + important role in many legends and are endowed with the gift + of prophecy. They appear in the form of swans, and the + strange attire of the wise women mentioned here refers to + the so-called swan clothes which they wore and which enabled + Hagen to recognize them as supernatural beings. On bathing + they lay aside this garment, and he who obtains possession + of it has them in his power. This explains their eagerness + to give Hagen information, if he will return their garments + to them. For an account of them see Grimm's "Mythologie", + 355. + (6) "Aldrian" is not an historical personage; the name is merely + a derivative of "aldiro", 'the elder', and signifies + 'ancestor', just as Uta means 'ancestress'. In the + "Thidreksaga" Aldrian is the king of the Nibelung land and + the father of Gunther, Giselher, and Gernot, whereas Hagen + is the son of an elf by the same mother. + (7) Else appears also in "Biterolf"; in the "Thidreksaga" he is + called "Elsung", the younger, as his father bore the same + name. See Adventure XXV, note 4. + (8) "Amelrich" is the ferryman's brother. + (9) "Spear". It was the custom to offer presents on a spear + point, perhaps to prevent the recipient from treacherously + using his sword. Compare the similar description in the + "Hildebrandslied", 37, where we are told that gifts should + be received with the spear. + (10) "Goods". In the "Thidreksaga" the ferryman desires the ring + for his young wife, which explains better the allusion to + marriage and the desire for wealth. + (11) "To-broke", see Adventure II, note 9. + (12) "Clerk", 'priest'. +</pre> + <p> + <a name="link2H_4_0030"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + ADVENTURE XXVI (1) How Gelfrat Was Slain By Dankwart. + </h2> + <p> + Now when all were come upon the shore, the king gan ask: "Who will show us + the right roads through this land, that we go not astray?" + </p> + <p> + Then the sturdy Folker spake: "For this I alone will have a care." + </p> + <p> + "Now hold," quoth Hagen, "both knight and squire. Certes, me-thinketh + right that we should heed our friends. With full monstrous tales I'll make + you acquaint: we shall never come again to the Burgundian land. Two + mermaids told me early in the morning that we should not come back again. + I will now counsel you what ye do: ye must arm you, ye heroes, for we have + mighty foes. Ye must guard you well and ride in warlike guise. I thought + to catch these mermaids in a lie. They swore that none of us would come + home safe and sound, save the chaplain alone. Therefore would I fain have + drowned him to-day." + </p> + <p> + These tidings flew from band to band and valiant heroes grew pale from + woe, as they began to fear a grewsome death on this journey to Etzel's + court. Forsooth they had great need. When they had crossed at Moering, (2) + where Else's ferryman had lost his life, Hagen spake again: "Sith I have + gained me foes upon the way, we shall surely be encountered. I slew this + same ferryman early on the morn to-day. Well they wot the tale. Now lay on + boldly, so that it may go hard with Gelfrat and Else, should they match + our fellowship here to-day. I know them to be so bold that 'twill not be + left undone. Let the steeds jog on more gently, that none ween we be + a-fleeing on the road." + </p> + <p> + "This counsel I will gladly follow," quoth Giselher, the knight; "but who + shall guide the fellowship across the land?" + </p> + <p> + They answered: "This let Folker do; the valiant minstrel knoweth both road + and path." + </p> + <p> + Ere the wish was fully spoken, men saw the doughty fiddler standing there + well armed. On his head he bound his helmet, of lordly color was his + fighting gear. On his spear shaft he tied a token, the which was red. + Later with the kings he fell into direst need. + </p> + <p> + Trustworthy tidings of the ferryman's death were now come to Gelfrat's + ears. The mighty Else had also heard the tale. Loth it was to both; they + sent to fetch their heroes, who soon stood ready. In a passing short time, + as I'll let you hear, one saw riding towards them those who had wrought + scathe and monstrous wounds in mighty battles. Full seven hundred or more + were come to Gelfrat. When they began to ride after their savage foes, + their lords did lead them, of a truth. A deal too strong they hasted after + the valiant strangers; they would avenge their wrath. Therefore many of + the lordings' friends were later lost. + </p> + <p> + Hagen of Troneg had well planned it (how might a hero ever guard his + kinsmen better), that he had in charge the rear guard, with his liegemen + and his brother Dankwart. This was wisely done. + </p> + <p> + The day had passed away; the night was come. For his friends he feared + both harm and woe, as beneath their shields they rode through the Bavarian + land. A short time thereafter the heroes were assailed. On either side of + the highway and in the rear hard by they heard the beat of hoofs. Their + foes pressed on too hard. Then spake hold Dankwart: "They purpose to + attack us here, so hind on your helmets, for that be well to do." + </p> + <p> + They stayed their journey, as though it must needs he; in the gloom they + spied the gleam of shining shields. Hagen would no longer keep his peace; + he called: "Who chaseth us upon the highway?" + </p> + <p> + To this Gelfrat must needs give answer. Quoth the margrave of Bavaria: "We + seek our foes and have galloped on behind you. I know not who slew my + ferryman to-day, but it doth rue me enow, for he was a hero of his hands." + </p> + <p> + Then spake Hagen of Troneg: "And was then the ferryman thine? The fault + was mine, he would not ferry us over, so I slew the knight. Forsooth I had + great need, for I had sheer gained at his hands my death. As meed I + offered him gold and trappings, that he ferry me across to thy land, Sir + Knight. This angered him so greatly that he smote me with a mighty oar. At + this I waxed grim enow. I seized my sword and fended him his anger with a + grievous wound. Thus the hero met his death. I'll make amends, as doth + think thee best." + </p> + <p> + "Well I wist," spake Gelfrat, "when Gunther and his fellowship rode + hither, that Hagen of Troneg would do us harm. Now he shall not live; the + knight must stand for the ferryman's life." + </p> + <p> + Over the bucklers Gelfrat and Hagen couched their spears for the thrust; + each would charge the other. Else and Dankwart rode full gloriously; they + tested who they were, fierce was the fight. How might heroes ever prove + each other better? From a mighty thrust Hagen was unhorsed by Gelfrat's + hand. His martingale snapped, he learnt what it was to fall. The crash of + shafts resounded from their fellowship. Hagen, who from the thrust afore + had come to earth, down on the grass, sprang up again. I trow, he was not + gentle of mood towards Gelfrat then. Who held their steeds, I know not; + both Hagen and Gelfrat had alighted on the sand and rushed together. Their + fellowship helped thereby and became acquaint with strife. Albeit Hagen + sprang at Gelfrat fiercely, the noble margrave smote from his shield a + mickle piece, so that the sparks flew wide. Full nigh did Gunther's + liegeman die therefrom. He began to call to Dankwart: "O help, dear + brother! Certes, a hero of his hands hath matched me, he will not spare my + life." + </p> + <p> + At this hold Dankwart spake: "I'll play the umpire here." + </p> + <p> + The hero then sprang nearer and with a sharp sword smote Gelfrat such a + blow that he fell down dead. Else then would fain avenge the knight, but + he and his fellowship parted from the fray with scathe. His brother had + been slain, he himself was wounded; full eighty of his knights remained + with grim death behind upon the field. Their lord must needs turn in + flight from Gunther's men. + </p> + <p> + When those from the Bavarian land gave way and fled, one heard the savage + blows resound behind them. Those of Troneg chased their foes; they were in + passing haste, who had not weened to make amends. Then spake Dankwart, the + knight, in their pursuit: "Let us turn soon on this road and let them + ride, for they be wet with blood. Haste we to our friends, this I advise + you of a truth." + </p> + <p> + When they were come again, where the scathe had happed, Hagen of Troneg + spake: "Heroes, prove now what doth fail us here, or whom we have lost in + the strife through Gelfrat's wrath." + </p> + <p> + Four they had lost whom they must needs bewail. But they had been paid for + dearly; for them a hundred or better from the Bavarian land were slain. + From their blood the shields of the men of Troneg were dimmed and wet. + Through the clouds there partly broke the gleam of the shining moon, as + Hagen spake again: "Let none make known to my dear lords what we have + wrought here to-day. Let them rest without care until the morn." + </p> + <p> + When those who just had fought were now come again, the fellowship was + full weary from the way. "How long must we still ride?" asked many a man. + </p> + <p> + Then spake the bold Dankwart: "We may not find lodgings here, ye must all + ride until the day be come." + </p> + <p> + The doughty Folker, who had charge of the fellowship, bade ask the + marshal: "Where may we find a place to-night, where our steeds may rest + and our dear lords as well?" + </p> + <p> + Bold Dankwart answered: "I cannot tell you that, we may not rest till it + begin to dawn. Wherever then we find a chance, we'll lay us down upon the + grass." + </p> + <p> + How loth it was to some when they heard this tale! They remained unmarked + with their stains of warm red blood, until the sun shot his gleaming light + against the morn across the hills. Then the king beheld that they had + fought. Wrathfully the hero spake: "How now, friend Hagen? I ween, ye + scorned to have me with you when your rings grew wet with blood? Who hath + done this?" + </p> + <p> + Quoth he: "This Else did, who encountered us by night. We were attacked + because of his ferryman. Then my brother's hand smote Gelfrat down. Else + soon escaped us, constrained thereto by mickle need. A hundred of them and + but four of ours lay dead in the strife." + </p> + <p> + We cannot tell you where they laid them down to rest. All of the folk of + the land learned soon that the sons of the noble Uta rode to court. Later + they were well received at Passau. The uncle of the noble king, the Bishop + Pilgrim, was blithe of mood, as his nephews came to his land with so many + knights. That he bare them good will, they learned full soon. Well were + they greeted, too, by friends along the way, sith men could not lodge them + all at Passau. They had to cross the stream to where they found a field on + which they set up pavilions and costly tents. All one day they must needs + stay there, and a full night too. What good cheer men gave them! After + that they had to ride to Rudeger's land, to whom the tidings were brought + full soon. When the way-worn warriors had rested them and came nearer to + the Hunnish land, they found a man asleep upon the border, from whom Hagen + of Troneg won a sturdy sword. The same good knight hight Eckewart (3) in + truth; sad of mood he grew, that he lost his weapon through the journey of + the knights. They found Rudeger's marches guarded ill. + </p> + <p> + "Woe is me of this shame," spake Eckewart. "Certes this journey of the + Burgundians rueth me full sore. My joy hath fled, sith I lost Knight + Siegfried. Alas, Sir Rudeger, how I have acted toward thee!" + </p> + <p> + When Hagen heard the noble warrior's plight, he gave him back his sword + and six red arm bands. "These keep, Sir Knight, as a token that thou art + my friend. A bold knight thou art, though thou standest alone upon the + marches." + </p> + <p> + "God repay you for your arm bands," Eckewart replied. "Yet your journey to + the Huns doth rue me sore. Because ye slew Siegfried, men hate you here. I + counsel you in truth, that ye guard you well." + </p> + <p> + "Now may God protect us," answered Hagen. "These knights, the kings and + their liegemen, have forsooth no other care, save for their lodgement, + where we may find quarters in this land to-night. Our steeds be spent by + the distant way and our food run out," quoth Hagen, the knight. "We find + naught anywhere for sale, and have need of a host, who through his + courtesie would give us of his bread to-night." + </p> + <p> + Then Eckewart made answer: "I'll show you a host so good that full seldom + have ye been lodged so well in any land, as here may hap you, an' ye will + seek out Rudeger, ye doughty knights. He dwelleth by the highway and is + the best host that ever owned a house. His heart giveth birth to + courtesie, as the sweet May doth to grass and flowers. He is aye merry of + mood, when he can serve good knights." + </p> + <p> + At this King Gunther spake: "Will ye be my messenger and ask whether my + dear friend Rudeger will for my sake keep us, my kinsmen and our men? I + will repay thee this, as best I ever can." + </p> + <p> + "Gladly will I be the messenger," Eckewart replied. With a right good will + he gat him on the road and told Rudeger the message he had heard, to whom + none such pleasing news had come in many a day. + </p> + <p> + At Bechelaren men saw a knight pricking fast. Rudeger himself descried + him; he spake: "Upon the road yonder hasteth Eckewart, a liegeman of + Kriemhild." + </p> + <p> + He weened the foes had done him scathe. Before the gate he went to meet + the messenger, who ungirt his sword and laid it from his hand. The tales + he brought were not hidden from the host and his friends, but were + straightway told them. To the margrave he spake: "Gunther, the lord of the + Burgundian land, and Giselher, his brother, and Gernot, too, have sent me + hither to you. Each of the warriors tendered you his service. Hagen and + Folker, too, eagerly did the same in truth. Still more I'll tell you, that + the king's marshal sendeth you by me the message, that the good knights + have passing need of your lodgement." + </p> + <p> + Rudeger answered with a smile: "Now well is me of these tales, that the + high-born kings do reck of my service. It shall not be denied them. Merry + and blithe will I be, an' they come unto my house." + </p> + <p> + "Dankwart, the marshal, bade let you know whom ye should lodge in your + house with them: sixty doughty champions, a thousand good knights, and + nine thousand men-at-arms." + </p> + <p> + Merry of mood grew Rudeger; he spake: "Now well is me of these guests, + that these noble warriors be coming to my house, whom I have served as yet + full seldom. Now ride ye forth for to meet them, my kinsmen and my men." + </p> + <p> + Knights and squires now hied them to their horses; it thought them right, + which their lord did bid. All the more they hasted with their service. As + yet Lady Gotelind wist it not, who sate within her bower. + </p> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + ENDNOTES: + (1) "Adventure XXVI". This adventure is a late interpolation, + as it is not found in the "Thidreksaga". Originally the + river must be thought of as separating them from Etzel's + kingdom. + (2) "Moering" (M.H.G. "Moeringen") lies between Pforing and + Ingolstadt. In the "Thidreksaga" we are told that the + mermaids were bathing in a body of water called "Moere", + whereas in our poem they bathe in a spring. This may be the + original form of the account and the form here contaminated. + See Boer, i, 134. + (3) "Eckewart", see Adventure I, note 15. It will be remembered + that he accompanied Kriemhild first to the Netherlands, then + stayed with her at Worms after Siegfried's death, and + finally journeyed with her to Etzel's court. Originally he + must be thought of as guarding the boundary of Etzel's land. + Without doubt he originally warned the Burgundians, as in + the early Norse versions, where Kriemhild fights on the side + of her brothers, but since this duty was given to Dietrich, + he has nothing to do but to announce their arrival to + Rudeger. His sleeping here may, however, be thought to + indicate that it was too late to warn Gunther and his men. +</pre> + <p> + <a name="link2H_4_0031"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + ADVENTURE XXVII. How They Came To Bechelaren. + </h2> + <p> + Then the margrave went to where he found the ladies, his wife with his + daughter, and told them straightway the pleasing tidings he had heard, + that the brothers of their lady were coming thither to their house. "My + dearest love," quoth Rudeger, "ye must receive full well the noble + high-born kings, when they come here to court with their fellowship. Ye + must give fair greeting, too, to Hagen, Gunther's man. With them there + cometh one also, hight Dankwart; the other is named Folker, well beseen + with courtesie. Ye and my daughter must kiss these and abide by the + knights with gentle breeding." This the ladies vowed; quite ready they + were to do it. From the chests they hunted out the lordly robes in which + they would go to meet the warriors. Fair dames were passing busy on that + day. Men saw but little of false colors on the ladies' cheeks; upon their + heads they wore bright bands of gold. Rich chaplets (1) these were, that + the winds might not dishevel their comely hair, and this is true i' faith. + </p> + <p> + Let us now leave the ladies with these tasks. Much hasting over the plain + was done by Rudeger's friends, to where one found the lordings, whom men + then received well into the margrave's land. When the margrave, the + doughty Rudeger, saw them coming toward him, how joyfully he spake: "Be ye + welcome, fair sirs, and your liegemen, too. I be fain to see you in my + land." Low obeisance the knights then made, in good faith, without all + hate. That he bare them all good will, he showed full well. Hagen he gave + a special greeting, for him had he known of yore. (2) To Folker from + Burgundy land he did the same. Dankwart he welcomed, too. The bold knight + spake: "Sith ye will purvey us knights, who shall have a care for our + men-at-arms whom we have brought?" + </p> + <p> + Quoth the margrave: "A good night shall ye have and all your fellowship. + I'll purvey such guard for whatever ye have brought with you, of steeds + and trappings, that naught shall be lost, that might bring you harm, not + even a single spur. Ye footmen pitch the tents upon the plain. What ye + lose I'll pay in full. Take off the bridles, let the horses run." + </p> + <p> + Seldom had host done this for them afore. Therefore the guests made merry. + When that was done, the lordings rode away and the footmen laid them + everywhere upon the grass. Good ease they had; I ween, they never fared so + gently on the way. The noble margravine with her fair daughter was come + out before the castle. One saw stand by her side the lovely ladies and + many a comely maid. Great store of armlets and princely robes they wore. + The precious stones gleamed afar from out their passing costly weeds. Fair + indeed were they fashioned. + </p> + <p> + Then came the guests and alighted there straightway. Ho, what great + courtesie one found among the Burgundian men! Six and thirty maids and + many other dames, whose persons were wrought as fair as heart could wish, + went forth to meet them with many a valiant man. Fair greetings were given + there by noble dames. The young margravine kissed all three kings, as did + her mother, too. Close at hand stood Hagen. Her father bade her kiss him, + but when she gazed upon him, he seemed so fearful that she had fain left + it undone. Yet she must needs perform what the host now bade her do. Her + color changed first pale then red. Dankwart, too, she kissed, and then the + minstrel. For his great prowess was this greeting given. The young + margravine took by the hand Knight Giselher of the Burgundian land. The + same her mother did to Gunther, the valiant man. Full merrily they went + hence with the heroes. The host walked at Gernot's side into a broad hall, + where the knights and ladies sate them down. Soon they bade pour out for + the guests good wine. Certes, heroes might never be better purveyed than + they. Rudeger's daughter was gazed upon with loving glances, so fair she + was. Forsooth many a good knight caressed her in his mind. And well did + she deserve this, so high she was of mood. The knights thought what they + would, but it might not come to pass. Back and forth shot the glances at + maids and dames. Of them sate there enow. The noble fiddler bare the host + good will. + </p> + <p> + Then they parted after the custom, knights and ladies going to different + sides. In the broad hall they set up the tables and served the strangers + in lordly wise. For the sake of the guests the noble margravine went to + table, but let her daughter stay with the maidens, where she sate by + right. The guests saw naught of her, which irked them sore, in truth. + </p> + <p> + When they had eaten and drunk on every side, men brought the fair again + into the hall; nor were merry speeches left unsaid. Many such spake + Folker, this brave and lusty knight. Before them all the noble minstrel + spake: "Mighty margrave, God hath dealt full graciously with you, for he + hath given you a passing comely wife and thereto a life of joy. An' I were + a prince," quoth the minstrel, "and should wear a crown, I would fain have + to wife your comely daughter. This my heart doth wish. She is lovely for + to see, thereto noble and good." + </p> + <p> + Then answered the margrave: "How might that be, that king should ever + crave the dear daughter of mine? My wife and I are exiles; what booteth in + such ease the maiden's passing comeliness?" + </p> + <p> + To this Gernot, the well-bred man, made answer: "An' I might have a love + after mine own desire, I should be ever glad of such a wife." + </p> + <p> + Hagen, too, replied in full kindly wise: "My lord Giselher must take a + wife. The margravine is of such high kin that I and all his liegemen would + gladly serve her, should she wear a crown in Burgundy land." + </p> + <p> + This speech thought Rudeger passing good, and Gotelind too, indeed it + joyed their mood. Then the heroes brought to pass that the noble Giselher + took her to wife, as did well befit a king. Who may part what shall be + joined together? Men prayed the margravine to go to court, and swore to + give him the winsome maid. He, too, vowed to wed the lovely fair. For the + maiden they set castles and land aside, and this the hand of the noble + king did pledge with an oath, and Lord Gernot, too, that this should hap. + </p> + <p> + Then spake the margrave: "Sith I have naught of castles, I will ever serve + you with my troth. As much silver and gold will I give my daughter, as an + hundred sumpters may barely carry, that it may please the hero's kin in + honor." + </p> + <p> + After the custom men bade them stand in a ring. Over against her many a + youth stood, blithe of mood. In their minds they harbored thoughts, as + young folk still are wont to do. Men then gan ask the winsome maid whether + she would have the knight or no. Loth in part she was, and yet she thought + to take the stately man. She shamed her of the question, as many another + maid hath done. Her father Rudeger counseled her to answer yes, and gladly + take him. In a trice young Giselher was at her side, and clasped her in + his white hands, albeit but little time she might enjoy him. + </p> + <p> + Then Spake the margrave: "Ye noble and mighty kings, when ye now ride + again (that is the custom) home to Burgundy, I will give you my child, + that ye may take her with you." + </p> + <p> + This then they vowed. Now men must needs give over all the noisy joy. They + bade the maiden hie her to her bower, and bade the guests to sleep and + rest them against the day. Meanwhile men made ready the food; the host + purveyed them well. + </p> + <p> + When now they had eaten, they would ride hence to the Hunnish lands. "I'll + guard against that well," spake the noble host. "Ye must tarry still, for + full seldom have I gained such welcome guests." + </p> + <p> + To this Dankwart replied: "Forsooth this may not be. Where would ye find + the food, the bread and wine, that ye must have for so many warriors + another night?" + </p> + <p> + When the host heard this, he spake: "Give o'er this speech. My dear lords, + ye must not say me nay. Forsooth I'd give you vittaile for a fortnight, + with all your fellowship that is come hither with you. King Etzel hath + taken from me as yet full little of my goods." + </p> + <p> + However much they demurred, still they must needs tarry there until the + fourth morning, when such deeds were done by the bounty of the host that + it was told after. He gave his guests both mounts and robes. No longer + might they stay, they must fare forth. Through his bounty bold Rudeger wot + how to save but little. Naught was denied that any craved, it could not + but please them all. Their noble meiny now brought saddled before the gate + the many steeds, and to them came forth thee stranger knights. In their + hands they bare their shields, for they would ride to Etzel's land. Before + the noble guests come forth from the hall, the host had proffered + everywhere his gifts. He wist how to live bountifully, in mickle honors. + To Giselher he had given his comely daughter; to Gunther, the worshipful + knight, who seldom took a gift, he gave a coat of mail, which the noble + and mighty king wore well with honor. Gunther bowed low over noble + Rudeger's hand. Then to Gernot he gave a weapon good enow, the which he + later bare full gloriously in strife. Little did the margrave's wife + begrudge him the gift, but through it good Rudeger was forced to lose his + life. Gotelind offered Hagen a loving gift, as well befit her. He took it, + sith the king had taken one, that he should not fare forth from her to the + feasting, without her present. Later he gainsayed it. "Of all that I have + ever seen," quoth Hagen, "I crave to bear naught else save that shield on + yonder wall; fain would I take that with me into Etzel's land." + </p> + <p> + When the margravine heard Hagen's speech, it minded her of her grief—tears + became her well. She thought full dearly on Nudung's (3) death, whom + Wittich had slain; from this she felt the stress of sorrow. To the knight + she spake: "I'll give you the shield. Would to God in heaven, that he + still lived who bare it once in hand. He met his death in battle; for him + must I ever weep, which giveth me, poor wife, dire woe." + </p> + <p> + The noble margravine rose from her seat and with her white hands she + seized the shield. To Hagen the lady bare it, who took it in his hand. + This gift was worthily bestowed upon the knight. A cover of shining silk + concealed its colors, for it was set with precious stones. In sooth the + daylight never shone on better shield. Had any wished to buy it at its + cost, 'twere well worth a thousand marks. (4) Hagen bade the shield be + borne away. + </p> + <p> + Then Dankwart came to court. To him the margrave's daughter gave great + store of rich apparel, the which he later wore among the Huns in passing + lordly wise. However many gifts were taken by them, naught would have come + into the hands of any, save through the kindness of the host, who + proffered them so fair. Later they became such foes that they were forced + to strike him dead. + </p> + <p> + Now the doughty Folker went courteously with his fiddle and stood before + Gotelind. He played sweet tunes and sang to her his songs. Thus he took + his leave and parted from Bechelaren. The margravine bade fetch a chest. + Now hear the tale of friendly gifts! Twelve rings she took out and placed + them on his hand. "These ye must bear hence to Etzel's land and wear them + at court for my sake, whithersoever ye turn, that men may tell me how ye + have served me yonder at the feast." What the lady craved, he later + carried out full well. + </p> + <p> + Then spake the host to his guests: "Ye shall journey all the gentlier, for + I myself will guide you and bid guard you well, that none may harm you on + the road." + </p> + <p> + Then his sumpters were laden soon. The host was well beseen with five + hundred men with steeds and vesture. These he took with him full merrily + hence to the feasting. Not one of them later ever came alive to Bechelaren. + With a loving kiss the host parted hence; the same did Giselher, as his + gentle breeding counseled him. In their arms they clasped fair wives. This + many a high-born maid must needs bewail in later times. On every side they + opened the casements, for the host with his liegemen would now mount their + steeds. I ween their hearts did tell them of the bitter woes to come. Then + wept many a dame and many a comely maid. They pined for their dear + kinsmen, whom nevermore they saw in Bechelaren. Yet these rode merrily + across the sand, down along the Danube to the Hunnish land. + </p> + <p> + Then noble Rudeger, the full lusty knight, spake to the Burgundians: + "Certes, the tidings that we be coming to the Huns must not be left + unsaid, for king Etzel hath never heard aught that pleased him more." + </p> + <p> + So down through Austria the envoy sped, and to the folk on every side + 'twas told that the heroes were coming from Worms beyond the Rhine. Naught + could have been liefer to the courtiers of the king. On before the envoys + hasted with the tidings, that the Nibelungs were already in the Hunnish + land. + </p> + <p> + "Thou must greet them well, Kriemhild, lady mine. Thy dear brothers be + coming in great state to visit thee." + </p> + <p> + Within a casement window Lady Kriemhild stood and looked out to see her + kin, as friend doth for friend. Many a man she spied from her fatherland. + The king, too, learned the tale and laughed for very pleasure. "Now well + is me of my joys," quoth Kriemhild, "my kinsmen bring with them many a + brand-new shield and white coat of mail. He who would have gold, let him + bethink him of my sorrows, and I'll ever be his friend." + </p> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + ENDNOTES: + (1) "Chaplets", see Adventure 10, note 1. + (2) "Of yore", see Adventure 23, note 2. + (3) "Nudung" was slain, according to the "Thidreksaga", chap. + 335, by "Vidga" (here Wittich, M.H.G. "Witege", the son of + Wielant, the smith, in the battle of Gronsport. There, + chap. 369, he is Gotelind's brother, but in "Biterolf" and + the "Rosengarten" he is her son. + (4) "Marks", see Adventure V, note 5. +</pre> + <p> + <a name="link2H_4_0032"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + ADVENTURE XXVIII. How The Burgundians Came To Etzel's Castle. + </h2> + <p> + When the Burgundians were come to the land, old Hildebrand (1) of Berne + did hear the tale, and sore it rued him. He told his lord, who bade him + welcome well the lusty knights and brave. The doughty Wolfhart (2) bade + fetch the steeds; then many a sturdy warrior rode with Dietrich, to where + he thought to meet them on the plain where they had pitched full many a + lordly tent. When Hagen of Troneg saw them riding from afar, to his lords + he spake in courteous wise: "Now must ye doughty warriors rise from your + seats and go to meet them, who would greet you here. Yonder cometh a + fellowship I know full well, they be full speedy knights from the Amelung + land, (3) whom the lord of Berne doth lead—high-mettled warriors + they. Scorn not the service that they proffer." + </p> + <p> + Then with Dietrich there alighted from the steeds, as was mickle right, + many a knight and squire. Towards the strangers they went, to where they + found the heroes; in friendly wise they greeted those from the Burgundian + land. Ye may now hear what Sir Dietrich said to the sons of Uta, as he saw + them coming toward him. Their journey rued him sore; he weened that + Rudeger wist it, and had told them the tale. "Be ye welcome, fair sirs, + Gunther and Giselher, Gernot and Hagen, likewise Folker and the doughty + Dankwart. Know ye not that Kriemhild still mourneth sorely for the hero of + the Nibelung land?" + </p> + <p> + "Let her weep long time," quoth Hagen. "He hath lain these many years, + done to death. Let her love now the Hunnish king. Siegfried cometh not + again, he hath long been buried." + </p> + <p> + "Let us not talk of Siegfried's wounds, but if Kriemhild still live, + scathe may hap again," so spake Sir Dietrich, the lord of Berne. "Hope of + the Nibelungs, guard thee well against this." + </p> + <p> + "Why should I guard me?" spake the high-born king. "Etzel sent us envoys + (why should I question more?) to say that we should ride to visit him, + hither to this land. My sister Kriemhild sent us many a message, too." + </p> + <p> + "Let me counsel you," quoth Hagen, "to beg Sir Dietrich and his good + knights to tell you the tidings further, and to let you know the Lady + Kriemhild's mood." + </p> + <p> + Then the three mighty kings, Gunther and Gernot and Sir Dietrich, too, + went and spake apart. "Pray tell us, good and noble knight of Berne, what + ye do know of the queen's mood?" + </p> + <p> + Answered the lord of Berne: "What more shall I tell you? Every morning I + hear King Etzel's wife wail and weep with piteous mind to the mighty God + of heaven over the stalwart Siegfried's death." + </p> + <p> + "That which we have heard," spake bold Folker, the fiddler, "cannot be + turned aside. We must ride to court and abide what may hap to us doughty + knights among the Huns." + </p> + <p> + The brave Burgundians now rode to court. In lordly wise they came after + the fashion of their land. Many a brave man among the Huns wondered what + manner of man Hagen of Troneg be. It was enough that men told tales, that + he had slain Kriemhild's husband the mightiest of all heroes. For that + cause alone much questioning about Hagen was heard at court. The knight + was fair of stature, that is full true; broad he was across the breast; + his hair was mixed with gray; his legs were long, and fierce his glance; + lordly gait he had. + </p> + <p> + Then one bade lodge the Burgundian men, but Gunther's fellowship was + placed apart. This the queen advised, who bare him much hate, and + therefore men later slew the footmen in their lodgings. Dankwart, Hagen's + brother, he was marshal. The king earnestly commended to him his + followers, that he purvey them well and give them enow to eat; The hero of + Burgundy bare them all good will. Kriemhild, the fair, went with her + maids-in-waiting to where, false of mood, she greeted the Nibelungs. + Giselher alone she kissed and took by the hand. That Hagen of Troneg saw, + and bound his helmet tighter. "After such a greeting," quoth Hagen, + "doughty knights may well bethink them. One giveth kings a greeting + different from their men. We have not made a good journey to this feast." + (4) + </p> + <p> + She spake: "Be welcome to him that be fain to see you; I greet you not for + your kinship. Pray tell me what ye do bring me from Worms beyond the + Rhine, that ye should be so passing welcome to me here?" + </p> + <p> + "Had I known," quoth Hagen, "that knights should bring you gifts, I had + bethought me better, for I be rich enow to bring you presents hither to + this land." + </p> + <p> + "Now let me hear the tale of where ye have put the Nibelung hoard? It was + mine own, as ye well know, and ye should have brought me that to Etzel's + land." + </p> + <p> + "I' faith, my Lady Kriemhild, it is many a day sith I have had the care of + the Nibelung hoard. My lords bade sink it in the Rhine, and there it must + verily lie till doomsday." + </p> + <p> + Then spake the queen: "I thought as much. Ye have brought full little of + it hither to this land, albeit it was mine own, and I had it whilom in my + care. Therefore have I all time so many a mournful day." + </p> + <p> + "The devil I'll bring you," answered Hagen. "I have enough to carry with + my shield and breastplate; my helm is bright, the sword is in my hand, + therefore I bring you naught." + </p> + <p> + Then the queen spake to the knights on every side: "One may not bring + weapons to the hall. Sir Knights, give them to me, I'll have them taken in + charge." + </p> + <p> + "I' faith," quoth Hagen, "never shall that be done. In sooth I crave not + the honor, O bounteous princess, that ye should bear my shield and other + arms to the lodgings; ye be a queen. This my father did not teach me, I + myself will play the chamberlain." + </p> + <p> + "Alack for my sorrows," spake Lady Kriemhild. "Why will Hagen and my + brother not let their shields be taken in charge? They be warned, and wist + I, who hath done this, I'd ever plan his death." + </p> + <p> + To this Sir Dietrich answered in wrath: "'Tis I, that hath warned the + noble and mighty princes and the bold Hagen, the Burgundian liegeman. Go + to, thou she-devil, thou durst not make me suffer for the deed." + </p> + <p> + Sore abashed was King Etzel's wife, for bitterly she feared Sir Dietrich. + At once she left him, not a word she spake, but gazed with furious glance + upon her foes. Two warriors then grasped each other quickly by the hand, + the one was Sir Dietrich, the other Hagen. With gentle breeding the lusty + hero spake: "Forsooth I rue your coming to the Huns, because of what the + queen hath said." + </p> + <p> + Quoth Hagen: "There will be help for that." + </p> + <p> + Thus the two brave men talked together. King Etzel saw this, and therefore + he began to query: "Fain would I know," spake the mighty king, "who yonder + warrior be, whom Sir Dietrich greeteth there in such friendly wise. He + carrieth high his head; whoever be his father, he is sure a doughty + knight." + </p> + <p> + A liegeman of Kriemhild made answer to the king: "By birth he is from + Troneg, his father hight Aldrian; however blithe he bear him here, a grim + man is he. I'll let you see full well that I have told no lie." + </p> + <p> + "How shall I know that he be so fierce?" replied the king. As yet he wist + not the many evil tricks that the queen should later play upon her kin, so + that she let none escape from the Huns alive. + </p> + <p> + "Well know I Aldrian, for he was my vassal (5) and here at my court gained + mickle praise and honor. I dubbed him knight and gave hint of my gold. The + faithful Helca loved him inly. Therefore I have since known Hagen every + whit. Two stately youths became my hostages, he and Walther of Spain. (6) + Here they grew to manhood; Hagen I sent home again, Walther ran away with + Hildegund." + </p> + <p> + He bethought him of many tales that had happed of yore. He had spied + aright his friend of Troneg, who in his youth had given him yeoman + service. Later in his old age he did him many a dear friend to death. + </p> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + ENDNOTES: + (1) "Hildebrand" is the teacher and armor bearer of Dietrich. + He is the hero of the famous "Hildebrandslied". + (2) "Wolfhart" is Hildebrand's nephew. In the "Thidreksaga" he + falls in the battle of Gronsport. + (3) "Amelung land" is the name under which Dietrich's land + appears. Theodorich, the king of the East Goths, belonged + to the race of the Amali. + (4) "Feast". That Kriemhild kissed only Giselher, who was + innocent of Siegfried's death, aroused Hagen's suspicions. + (5) "Vassal". No other account speaks of Aldrian as being at + Etzel's court. He is probably confused here with his son, + for Hagen's stay with Etzel in various legends, as also in + our poem a few lines further down. + (6) "Walther of Spain" is Walther of Aquitania, a legendary + personage of whom the O.E. fragment "Waldere", the Latin + epic "Waltharius", a M.H.G. epic, and the "Thidreksaga" + tell. He flees with Hildegund, the daughter of the + Burgundian King Herrich, from Etzel's court, as related + here, but has to fight for his life against overpowering + numbers, in the "Thidreksaga" against the pursuing Huns, in + the other sources against the Burgundians. In both cases + Hagen is among his foes, but takes no part in the fight at + first, out of friendship for Walther. +</pre> + <p> + <a name="link2H_4_0033"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + ADVENTURE XXIX. How Hagen Would Not Rise For Kriemhild. + </h2> + <p> + Then the two worshipful warriors parted, Hagen of Troneg and Sir Dietrich. + Over his shoulder Gunther's liegeman gazed for a comrade-at-arms, whom he + then quickly won. Folker he saw, the cunning fiddler, stand by Giselher, + and begged him to join him, for well he knew his savage mood. He was in + all things a bold knight and a good. Still they let the lordings stand in + the court, only these twain alone men saw walk hence far across the court + before a spacious palace. These chosen warriors feared the hate of none. + They sate them down upon a bench before the house over against a hall, the + which belonged to Kriemhild. Upon their bodies shone their lordly weeds. + Enow who gazed upon them would than have known the knights; as wild beasts + the haughty heroes were stared upon by the Hunnish men. Etzel's wife, too, + gazed upon them through a window, at which fair Kriemhild waxed sad again. + Of her sorrows it minded her and she began to weep. Much it wondered + Etzel's men what had so quickly saddened her mood. Quoth she: "That Hagen + hath done, ye heroes brave and good." + </p> + <p> + To the lady they spake: "How hath that happed, for but newly we did see + you joyful? None there be so bold, an' he hath done you aught, but it will + cost him his life, if ye bid us venge you." + </p> + <p> + "Ever would I requite it, if any avenged my wrongs. I would give him all + he craved. Behold me at your feet," spake he queen; "avenge me on Hagen, + that he lose his life." + </p> + <p> + Then sixty bold men made them ready eftsoon for Kriemhild's sake. They + would hence to slay the bold knight Hagen and the fiddler, too. With + forethought this was done. When the queen beheld the band so small, grim + of mood she spake to the knights: "What ye now would do, ye should give + over. With so few durst ye never encounter Hagen. And however strong and + bold Hagen of Troneg be, he who sitteth by his side, Folker, the fiddler, + is stronger still by far. He is an evil man. Certes, ye may not so lightly + match these knights." + </p> + <p> + When they heard this, four hundred doughty warriors more did make them + ready. The noble queen craved sore to do them harm. Thereby the heroes + later fell in mickle danger. When she saw her followers well armed, the + queen spake to the doughty knights: "Now bide a while, ye must stand quite + still in truth. Wearing my crown, I will go to meet my foes. List ye to + the wrongs that Hagen of Troneg, Gunther's man, hath done me. I know him + to be so haughty that he'll not deny a whit. Little I reek what hap to him + on this account." + </p> + <p> + Then the fiddler, a bold minstrel, spied the noble queen walk down the + flight of steps that led downward from a house. When bold Folker saw this, + to his comrade-at-arms he spake: "Now behold, friend Hagen, how she + walketh yonder, who hath faithlessly bidden us to this land. I have never + seen with a queen so many men bearing sword in hand march in such warlike + guise. Know ye, friend Hagen, whether she bear you hate? If so be, I + counsel you to guard the better your life and honor. Certes, methinks this + good. They be wroth of mood, as far as I can see, and some be so broad of + chest that he who would guard himself should do so betimes. I ween there + be those among them who wear bright breastplates. Whom they would attack, + I cannot say." + </p> + <p> + Then, angry of mood, the brave knight Hagen spake: "Well I wot that all + this be done against me, that they thus bear their gleaming swords in + hand. For aught of them, I still may ride to the Burgundian land. Now tell + me, friend Folker, whether ye will stand by me, if perchance Kriemhild's + men would fight me? Pray let me hear that, if so be ye hold me dear. I'll + aid you evermore with faithful service." + </p> + <p> + "I'll help you surely," spake the minstrel; "and should I see the king + with all his warriors draw near us, not one foot will I yield from fear in + aiding you, the while I live." + </p> + <p> + "Now may God in heaven requite you, noble Folker; though they strive + against me, what need I more? Sith ye will help me, as I hear you say, let + these warriors come on full-armed." + </p> + <p> + "Let us rise now from our seats," spake the minstrel. "Let us do her honor + as she passeth by, she is a high-born dame, a queen. We shall thereby + honor ourselves as well." + </p> + <p> + "For my sake, no," quoth Hagen. "Should I go hence, these knights would + think 'twas through fear. Not for one of them will I ever rise from my + seat. It beseemeth us both better, forsooth, to leave this undone, for why + should I honor one who doth bear me hatred? Nor will I do this, the while + I live; I reck not how King Etzel's wife doth hate me." + </p> + <p> + Haughty Hagen laid across his knees a gleaming sword from whose pommel a + sparkling jasper, greener than grass, did shine. Its hilt was golden, its + sheath an edging of red. That it was Siegfried's, Kriemhild knew full + well. She must needs grow sad when that she knew the sword, for it minded + her of her wrongs; she began to weep. I ween bold Hagen had done it for + this cause. Folker, the bold, drew nearer to the bench a fiddle bow, + strong, mickle, and long, like unto a broad, sharp sword, and there the + two lusty knights sate undaunted. These two brave men did think themselves + so lordly, that they would not leave their seats through fear of any man. + The noble queen walked therefore to their very feet and gave them hostile + greeting. She spake: "Now tell me, Hagen, who hath sent for you, that ye + durst ride hither to this land, sith ye know full well what ye have done + me? Had ye good wits, ye should have left it undone, by rights." + </p> + <p> + "No one sent for me," quoth Hagen. "Men bade to this land three knights, + who hight my lords. I am their liegeman, and full seldom have I stayed + behind when they journeyed to any court." + </p> + <p> + Quoth she: "Now tell me further, why ye did this, through the which ye + have earned my hate? Ye slew Siegfried, my dear husband, for which I have + cause enow to weep until mine end." + </p> + <p> + Quoth he: "What booteth more, enow is already said. It is just I, Hagen, + who slew Siegfried, a hero of his hands. How sorely did he atone that Lady + Kriemhild railed at comely Brunhild. 'Tis not to be denied, O mighty + queen, I alone am to blame for this scathful scathe. (1) Let him avenge it + who will, be he wife or man. Unless be I should lie to you, I have dons + you much of harm." + </p> + <p> + Quoth she: "Now hear, ye knights, how he denieth no whit of my wrongs. Men + of Etzel, I care not what hap to him from this cause." + </p> + <p> + The proud warriors all gazed at one another. Had any began the fight, it + would have come about that men must have given the honors to the two + comrades, for they had oft wrought wonders in the fray. What the Huns had + weened to do must now needs be left undone through fear. + </p> + <p> + Then spake one of the men-at-arms: "Why gaze ye thus at me? What I afore + vowed, I will now give over. I will lose my life for no man's gift. + Forsooth King Etzel's wife would fain lead us into wrong." + </p> + <p> + Quoth another hard by: "Of the selfsame mind am I. An' any give me towers + of good red gold, I would not match this fiddler, for his fearful glances, + the which I have seen him cast. Hagen, too, I have known from his youthful + days, wherefore men can tell me little of this knight. I have seen him + fight in two and twenty battles, through which woe of heart hath happed to + many a dame. He and the knight from Spain trod many a war path, when here + at Etzel's court they waged so many wars in honor of the king. Much this + happed, wherefore one must justly honor Hagen. At that time the warrior + was of his years a lad. How gray are they who then were young! Now is he + come to wit and is a man full grim. Balmung, (2) too, he beareth, the + which he won in evil wise." + </p> + <p> + Therewith the strife was parted, so that no one fought, which mightily + rued the queen. The warriors turned them hence; in sooth they feared their + death at the fiddler's hands, and surely they had need of this. Then spake + the fiddler: "We have now well seen that we shall find foes here, as we + heard tell afore. Let us go to court now to the kings, then dare none + match our lords in fight. How oft a man doth leave a thing undone through + fear, the which he would not do, when friend standeth by friend in + friendly (3) wise, an' he have good wits. Scathe to many a man is lightly + warded off by forethought." + </p> + <p> + Quoth Hagen: "Now will I follow you." + </p> + <p> + They went to where they found the dapper warriors standing in the court in + a great press of welcoming knights. + </p> + <p> + Bold Folker gan speak loudly to his lords: "How long will ye stand and let + yourselves be jostled? Ye must go to court and hear from the king of what + mind he be." + </p> + <p> + Men then saw the brave heroes and good pair off. The prince of Berne took + by the hand the mighty Gunther of Burgundian land. Irnfried (4) took the + brave knight Gernot, while Rudeger was seen to go to court with Giselher. + But however any paired, Folker and Hagen never parted, save in one fray, + when their end was come, and this noble ladies must needs greatly bewail + in after time. With the kings one saw go to court a thousand brave men of + their fellowship, thereto sixty champions that were come with them, whom + the bold Hagen had taken from his land. Hawart and Iring, (5) two chosen + men, were seen to walk together near the kings. Men saw Dankwart and + Wolfhart, a peerless knight, display their chivalry before all eyes. + </p> + <p> + When the lord of the Rhine had entered the hall, the mighty Etzel delayed + no longer, but sprang from his throne when he saw him come. Never did so + fair a greeting hap from any king. "Be welcome, Sir Gunther, and Sir + Gernot, too, and your brother Giselher. I sent you truly my faithful + service to Worms beyond the Rhine. All your fellowship, too, I welcome. + Now be ye passing welcome, ye two knights, Folker, the brave, and Sir + Hagen likewise, to me and to my lady, here in this our land. She sent you + many a messenger to the Rhine." + </p> + <p> + Then spake Hagen of Troneg: "I heard much talk of that, and were I not + come to the Huns for the sake of my lords, I should have ridden in your + honor to this land." + </p> + <p> + The noble host then took his dear guests by the hand and led them to the + settle where he sate himself. Busily they poured out for the guests in + broad bowls of gold, mead, morat, (6) and wine and bade those far from + home be welcome. Then spake King Etzel: "Let me tell you this; it might + not liefer hap to me in all this world, than through you heroes, that ye + be come to see me. Through this much sadness is also taken from the queen. + Me-wondereth greatly what I have done you noble strangers, that ye never + recked to come into my land. My sadness is turned to joy, since now I see + you here." + </p> + <p> + To this Rudeger, a high-mettled knight, made answer: "Ye may be glad to + see them. Good is the fealty which the kinsmen of my lady wot how to use + so well. They bring also to your house many a stately knight." + </p> + <p> + Upon a midsummer's eve the lords were come to the court of the mighty + Etzel. Seldom hath there been heard such lofty greeting as when he + welcomed the heroes. When now the time to eat was come, the king went with + them to the board. Never did host sit fairer with his guests. Men gave + them meat and drink to the full. All that they craved stood ready for + them, for mickle wonders had been told about these knights. + </p> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + ENDNOTES: + (1) "Scathful scathe" here imitates the M.H.G. "scaden + scedelich". + (2) "Balmung", see Adventure III, note 7. + (3) "friend... friendly". This repetition occurs in the + original. + (4) "Irnfried", see Adventure XXII, note 8. + (5) "Hawart" and "Iring", Adventure XXII, notes 6 and 7. + (6) "Morat" (M.H.G. "moraz") from late Latin "moratum", mulberry + wine, is a beverage composed of honey flavored with + mulberry-juice. +</pre> + <p> + <a name="link2H_4_0034"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + ADVENTURE XXX. How They Kept The Watch. + </h2> + <p> + The day had now an end, and the night drew nigh. Care beset the wayworn + travelers, as to when they should go to bed and rest them. This Hagen + bespake with Etzel, and it was told them soon. + </p> + <p> + Gunther spake to the host: "God be with you, we would fain go to our + sleep, pray give us leave. We will come early on the morrow, whensoever ye + bid." + </p> + <p> + Etzel parted then full merrily from his guests. Men pressed the strangers + on every side, at which brave Folker spake to the Huns: "How dare ye crowd + before the warriors' feet? An' ye will not leave this, ye will fare full + ill. I'll smite some man so heavy a fiddle blow, that if he have a + faithful friend he may well bewail it. Why give ye not way before us + knights? Methinks 'twere well. All pass for knights, but be not of equal + mettle." + </p> + <p> + As the fiddler spake thus in wrath, Hagen, the brave, looked behind him. + He spake: "The bold gleeman doth advise you right, ye men of Kriemhild, ye + should hie you to your lodgings. I ween none of you will do what ye are + minded, but would ye begin aught, come early on the morrow, and let us + wanderers have peace to-night. Certes, I ween that it hath never happed + with such good will on the part of heroes." + </p> + <p> + Then the guests were brought into a spacious hall, which they found + purveyed on every side with costly beds, long and broad, for the warriors. + Lady Kriemhild planned the very greatest wrongs against them. One saw + there many a cunningly wrought quilt from Arras (1) of shining silken + cloth and many a coverlet of Arabian silk, the best that might be had; + upon this ran a border that shone in princely wise. Many bed covers of + ermine and of black sable were seen, beneath which they should have their + ease at night, until the dawn of day. Never hath king lain so lordly with + his meiny. + </p> + <p> + "Alas for these night quarters," spake Giselher, the youth, "and alas for + my friends, who be come with us. However kindly my sister greeted us, yet + I do fear me that through her fault we must soon lie dead." + </p> + <p> + "Now give over your care," quoth Hagen, the knight. "I'll stand watch + myself to-night. I trow to guard us well, until the day doth come. + Therefore have no fear; after that, let him survive who may." + </p> + <p> + All bowed low and said him gramercy. Then went they to their beds. A short + while after the stately men had laid them down, bold Hagen, the hero, + began to arm him. Then the fiddler, Knight Folker, spake: "If it scorn you + not, Hagen, I would fain hold the watch with you to-night, until the early + morn." + </p> + <p> + The hero then thanked Folker in loving wise: "Now God of heaven requite + you, dear Folker. In all my cares, I would crave none other than you + alone, whenever I had need. I shall repay you well, and death hinder me + not." + </p> + <p> + Both then donned their shining armor and either took his shield in hand, + walked out of the house and stood before the door. Thus they cared for the + guests in faithful wise. The doughty Folker leaned his good shield against + the side of the hall, then turned him back and fetched his fiddle and + served his friends as well befit the hero. Beneath the door of the house + he sate him down upon a stone; bolder fiddler was there never. When the + tones of the strings rang forth so sweetly, the proud wanderers gave + Folker thanks. At first the strings twanged so that the whole house + resounded; his strength and his skill were both passing great. Then + sweeter and softer he began to play, and thus many a care-worn man he + lulled to sleep. When he marked that all had fallen asleep, the knight + took again his shield and left the room and took his stand before the + tower, and there he guarded the wanderers against Kriemhild's men. + </p> + <p> + 'Twas about the middle of the night (I know not but what it happed a + little earlier), that bold Folker spied the glint of a helmet afar in the + darkness. Kriemhild's men would fain have harmed the guests. Then the + fiddler spake: "Sir Hagen, my friend, it behooveth us to bear these cares + together. Before the house I see armed men stand, and err I not, I ween, + they would encounter us!" + </p> + <p> + "Be silent," quoth Hagen, "let them draw nearer before they be ware of us. + Then will helmets be dislodged by the swords in the hands of us twain. + They will be sent back to Kriemhild in evil plight." + </p> + <p> + One of the Hunnish warriors (full soon that happed) marked that the door + was guarded. How quickly then he spake: "That which we have in mind may + not now come to pass. I see the fiddler stand on guard. On his head he + weareth a glittering helmet, shining and hard, strong and whole. His armor + rings flash out like fire. By him standeth Hagen; in sooth the guests be + guarded well." + </p> + <p> + Straightway they turned again. When Folker saw this, wrathfully he spake + to his comrade-at-arms: "Now let me go from the house to the warriors. I + would fain put some questions to Lady Kriemhild's men." + </p> + <p> + "For my sake, no," quoth Hagen. "If ye leave the house, the doughty + knights are like to bring you in such stress with their swords, that I + must aid you even should it be the death of all my kin. As soon as we be + come into the fray, twain of them, or four, would in a short time run into + the house and would bring such scathe upon the sleepers, that we might + never cease to mourn." + </p> + <p> + Then Folker answered: "Let us bring it to pass that they note that I have + seen them, so that Kriemhild's men may not deny that they would fain have + acted faithlessly." + </p> + <p> + Straightway Folker then called out to them: "How go ye thus armed, ye + doughty knights? Would ye ride to rob, ye men of Kriemhild? Then must ye + have the help of me and my comrade-at-arms." + </p> + <p> + To this none made reply. Angry grew his mood. "Fy! Ye evil cowards," spake + the good knight, "would ye have murdered us asleep? That hath been done + full seldom to such good heroes." + </p> + <p> + Then the queen was told that her messengers had compassed naught. Rightly + it did vex her, and with wrathful mood she made another plan. Through this + brave heroes and good must needs thereafter perish. + </p> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + ENDNOTES: + (1) "Arras", the capital of Artois in the French Netherlands. + In older English "arras" is used also for tapestry. +</pre> + <p> + <a name="link2H_4_0035"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + ADVENTURE XXXI. (1) How They Went To Church. + </h2> + <p> + "My coat of mail groweth cold," said Folker. "I ween the night hath run + its course. By the air I mark that day is near." + </p> + <p> + Then they waked the many knights who still lay sleeping. The light of dawn + shone into the hall upon the strangers. On all sides Hagen gan wake the + warriors, if perchance they would fain go to the minster for mass. Men now + loudly rang the bells in Christian fashion. Heathens and Christians did + not sing alike, so that it was seen full well that they were not as one. + Gunther's liegemen now would go to church, and all alike had risen from + their beds. The champions laced them into such goodly garments, that never + did hero bring better clothes to the land of any king. This vexed Hagen. + He spake: "Heroes, ye should wear here other clothes. Certes, ye know full + well the tales. Instead of roses, bear weapons in your hands; instead of + jeweled chaplets, your bright helms and good, sith ye know full well the + wicked Kriemhild's mood. Let me tell you, we must fight to-day, so instead + of silken shirts, wear hauberks, and instead of rich cloaks, good shields + and broad, so that if any grow angry with you, ye be full armed. Dear my + lords, and all my kin and liegemen, go willingly to church and make plaint + to the mighty God of your fears and need, for know full sure that death + draweth nigh us. Nor must ye forget to confess aught that ye have done and + stand full zealously before your God. Of this I warn you, noble knights, + unless God in heaven so will, ye'll never more hear mass." + </p> + <p> + So the princes and their liegemen went to the minster. In the holy + churchyard bold Hagen bade them halt, that they might not be parted. He + spake: "Of a truth none knoweth what will hap to us from the Huns. Place, + my friends, your shields before your feet, and if any proffer you cold + greeting, repay it with deep and mortal wounds. That is Hagen's counsel, + that ye may so be found as doth befit your honor." + </p> + <p> + Folker and Hagen, the twain, then hied them to the spacious minster. This + was done that the queen might press upon them in the crowd. Certes, she + was passing grim. Then came the lord of the land and his fair wife, her + body adorned with rich apparel; Doughty warriors, too, were seen to walk + beside her. One saw the dust rise high from Kriemhild's band. When mighty + Etzel spied the kings and their fellowship thus armed, how quick he spake: + "Why do I see my friends thus go with helmets? Upon my troth, it grieveth + me, and hath any done them aught, I shall gladly make amends, as doth + think them good. Hath any made heavy their hearts or mood, I'll show them + well, that it doth irk me much. I am ready for whatever they command me." + </p> + <p> + To this Hagen answered: "None hath done us aught; it is the custom of my + lordings that they go armed at all high feasts for full three days. We + should tell Etzel, had aught been done us." + </p> + <p> + Kriemhild heard full well what Hagen spake. How right hostilely she gazed + into his eyes! She would not tell the custom of their land, albeit she had + known it long in Burgundy. However grim and strong the hate she bare them, + yet had any told Etzel the truth, he would have surely hindered what later + happed. Because of their great haughtiness they scorned to tell him. When + the great crowd went past with the queen, these twain, Hagen and Folker, + would not step back more than two hand-breadths, the which irked the Huns. + Forsooth they had to jostle with the lusty heroes. This thought King + Etzel's chamberlains not good. Certes, they would have fain angered the + champions, but that they durst not before the noble king. So there was + much jostling, but nothing more. + </p> + <p> + When they had worshiped God and would hence again, many a Hunnish warrior + horsed him passing soon. At Kriemhild's side stood many a comely maid, and + well seven thousand knights rode with the queen. Kriemhild with her ladies + sate her down at the easements by the side of the mighty Etzel, which was + him lief, for they would watch the lusty heroes joust. Ho, what stranger + knights rode before them in the court! Then was come the marshal with the + squires. Bold Dankwart had taken to him his lord's retainers from the + Burgundian land; the steeds of the Nibelungs they found well saddled. When + now the kings and their men were come to horse, stalwart Folker gan advise + that they should ride a joust after the fashion of their land. At this the + heroes rode in lordly wise; none it irked what the knight had counseled. + The hurtling and the noise waxed loud, as the many men rode into the broad + court. Etzel and Kriemhild themselves beheld the scene. To the jousts were + come six hundred knights of Dietrich's men to match the strangers, for + they would have pastime with the Burgundians. Fain would they have done + it, had he given them leave. Ho, what good champions rode in their train! + The tale was told to Sir Dietrich and he forbade the game with Gunther's + men; he feared for his liegemen, and well he might. + </p> + <p> + When those of Berne had departed thence, there came the men of Rudeger + from Bechelaren, five hundred strong, with shields, riding out before the + hall. It would have been lief to the margrave, had they left it undone. + Wisely he rode then to them through the press and said to his knights, + that they were ware that Gunther's men were evil-minded toward them. If + they would leave off the jousting, it would please him much. When now + these lusty heroes parted from them, then came those of Thuringia, as we + are told, and well a thousand brave men from Denmark. From the tilting one + saw many truncheons (2) flying hence. Irnfried and Hawart now rode into + the tourney. Proudly those from the Rhine awaited them and offered the men + of Thuringia many a joust. Many a lordly shield was riddled by the + thrusts. Thither came then Sir Bloedel with three thousand men. Well was + he seen of Etzel and Kriemhild, for the knightly sports happed just before + the twain. The queen saw it gladly, that the Burgundians might come to + grief. Schrutan (3) and Gibecke, Ramung and Hornbog, (4) rode into the + tourney in Hunnish wise. To the heroes from Burgundian land they addressed + them. High above the roof of the royal hall the spear-shafts whirled. + Whatever any there plied, 'twas but a friendly rout. Palace and hall were + heard resounding loud through the clashing of the shields of Gunther's + men. With great honor his meiny gained the meed. Their pastime was so + mickle and so great, that from beneath the housings of the good steeds, + which the heroes rode, there flowed the frothy sweat. In haughty wise they + encountered with the Huns. + </p> + <p> + Then spake the fiddler, Folker the minstrel: "I ween these warriors dare + not match us. I've aye heard the tale, that they bear us hate, and + forsooth it might never fortune better for them than now." Again Folker + spake: "Let our steeds be now led away to their lodgings and let us joust + again toward eventide, and there be time. Perchance the queen may accord + to the Burgundians the prize." + </p> + <p> + Then one was seen riding hither so proudly, that none of all the Huns + could have done the like. Certes, he must have had a sweetheart on the + battlements. As well attired he rode as the bride of any noble knight. At + sight of him Folker spake again: "How could I give this over? This ladies' + darling must have a buffet. None shall prevent me and it shall cost him + dear. In truth I reck not, if it vex King Etzel's wife." + </p> + <p> + "For my sake, No," spake straightway King Gunther. "The people will blame + us, if we encounter them. 'Twill befit us better far, an' we let the Huns + begin the strife." + </p> + <p> + King Etzel was still sitting by the queen. + </p> + <p> + "I'll join you in the tourney," quoth Hagen then. "Let the ladies and the + knights behold how we can ride. That will be well, for they'll give no + meed to King Gunther's men." + </p> + <p> + The doughty Folker rode into the lists again, which soon gave many a dame + great dole. His spear he thrust through the body of the dapper Hun; this + both maid and wife were seen thereafter to bewail. Full hard and fast gan + Hagen and his liegemen and sixty of his knights ride towards the fiddler, + where the play was on. This Etzel and Kriemhild clearly saw. The three + kings would not leave their minstrel without guard amidst the foe. + Cunningly a thousand heroes rode; with haughty bearing they did whatso + they would. When now the wealthy Hun was slain, men heard his kin cry out + and wail. All the courtiers asked: "Who hath done this deed?" + </p> + <p> + "That the fiddler did, Folker, the valiant minstrel." + </p> + <p> + The margrave's kindred from the Hunnish land called straightway for their + swords and shields, and would fain have done Folker to death. Fast the + host gan hasten from the windows. Great rout arose from the folk on every + side. The kings and their fellowship, the Burgundian men, alighted before + the hall and drove their horses to the rear. Then King Etzel came to part + the strife. From the hand of a kinsman of the Hun he wrenched a sturdy + weapon and drove them all back again, for full great was his wrath. "Why + should my courtesie to these knights go all for naught? Had ye slain this + minstrel at my court," spake King Etzel, "'twere evil done. I saw full + well how he rode, when he thrust through the Hun, that it happed through + stumbling, without any fault of his. Ye must let my guests have peace." + </p> + <p> + Thus he became their safe-guard. To the stalls men led away the steeds; + many a varlet they had, who served them well with zeal in every service. + The host now hied him to his palace with his friends, nor would he let any + man grow wroth again. Then men set up the tables and bare forth water for + the guests. Forsooth the men from the Rhine had there enow of stalwart + foes. 'Twas long before the lords were seated. + </p> + <p> + Meanwhile Kriemhild's fears did trouble her passing sore. She spake: "My + lord of Berne, I seek thy counsel, help, and favor, for mine affairs do + stand in anxious wise." + </p> + <p> + Then Hildebrand, a worshipful knight, made answer to her: "And any slay + the Nibelungs for the sake of any hoard, he will do it without my aid. It + may well repent him, for they be still unconquered, these doughty and + lusty knights." + </p> + <p> + Then Spake Sir Dietrich in his courteous wise: "Let be this wish, O mighty + queen. Thy kinsmen have done me naught of wrong, that I should crave to + match these valiant knights in strife. Thy request honoreth thee little, + most noble queen, that thou dost plot against the life of thy kinsfolk. + They came in hope of friendship to this land. Siegfried will not be + avenged by Dietrich's hand." + </p> + <p> + When she found no whit of faithlessness in the lord of Berne, quickly she + promised Bloedel a broad estate, that Nudung (5) owned aforetime. Later he + was slain by Hagen, so that he quite forgot the gift. She spake: "Thou + must help me, Sir Bloedel, forsooth my foes be in this house, who slew + Siegfried, my dear husband. Ever will I serve him, that helpeth me avenge + this deed." + </p> + <p> + To this Bloedel replied: "My lady, now may ye know that because of Etzel I + dare not, in sooth, advise to hatred against them, for he is fain to see + thy kinsmen at his court. The king would ne'er forget it of me, and I did + them aught of wrong." + </p> + <p> + "Not so, Sir Bloedel, for I shall ever be thy friend. Certes, I'll give + thee silver and gold as guerdon and a comely maid, the wife of Nudung, + whose lovely body thou mayst fain caress. I'll give thee his land and all + his castles, too, so that thou mayst always live in joy, Sir knight, if + thou dost now win the lands where Nudung dwelt. Faithfully will I keep, + whatso I vow to thee to-day." + </p> + <p> + When Sir Bloedel heard the guerdon, and that the lady through her beauty + would befit him well, he weened to serve the lovely queen in strife. + Because of this the champion must needs lose his life. To the queen he + spake: "Betake you again to the hall, and before any be aware, I'll begin + a fray and Hagen must atone for what he hath done you. I'll deliver to you + King Gunther's liegeman bound. Now arm you, my men," spake Bloedel. "We + must hasten to the lodgings of the foes, for King Etzel's wife doth crave + of me this service, wherefore we heroes must risk our lives." + </p> + <p> + When the queen left Bloedel in lust of battle, she went to table with King + Etzel and his men. Evil counsels had she held against the guests. Since + the strife could be started in no other wise (Kriemhild's ancient wrong + still lay deep buried in her heart), she bade King Etzel's son be brought + to table. How might a woman ever do more ghastly deed for vengeance' sake? + Four of Etzel's men went hence anon and bare Ortlieb, (6) the young + prince, to the lordings' table, where Hagen also sat. Because of this the + child must needs die through Hagen's mortal hate. + </p> + <p> + When now the mighty king beheld his son, kindly he spake to the kinsmen of + his wife: "Now see, my friends, this is the only son of me and of your + sister. This may be of profit to you all, for if he take after his + kinsmen, he'll become a valiant man, mighty and noble, strong and + fashioned fair. Twelve lands will I give him, and I live yet a while. Thus + may the hand of young Ortlieb serve you well. I do therefore beseech you, + dear friends of mine, that when ye ride again to your lands upon the + Rhine, ye take with you your sister's son and act full graciously toward + the child, and bring him up in honor till he become a man. Hath any done + you aught in all these lands, he'll help you to avenge it, when he groweth + up." + </p> + <p> + This speech was also heard by Kriemhild, King Etzel's wife. + </p> + <p> + "These knights might well trust him," quoth Hagen, "if he grew to be a + man, but the young prince doth seem so fey, (7) that I shall seldom be + seen to ride to Ortlieb's court." + </p> + <p> + The king glanced at Hagen, for much the speech did irk him; and though the + gentle prince said not a word, it grieved his heart and made him heavy of + his mood. Nor was Hagen's mind now bent on pastime. But all the lordings + and the king were hurt by what Hagen had spoken of the child; it vexed + them sore, that they were forced to hear it. They wot not the things as + yet, which should happen to them through this warrior. + </p> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + ENDNOTES: + (1) "Adventure XXXI". This adventure is of late origin, being + found only in our poem. See the introduction. + (2) "Truncheons", see Adventure II, note 8. + (3) "Schrutan". This name does not occur elsewhere. Piper + suggests, that perhaps a Scotchman is meant, as "Skorottan" + appears in the "Thidreksaga", chap. 28, as an ancient name + of Scotland. + (4) "Gibecke", "Ramung" and "Hornbog", see Adventure XXII, notes + 4 and 5. + (5) "Nudung", see Adventure XXVII, note 3. + (6) "Ortlieb". In the "Thidreksaga" Etzel's son is called + Aldrian. There, however, he is killed because he strikes + Hagen in the face, here in revenge for the killing of the + Burgundian footmen. + (7) "Fey", see Adventure V, note 2. +</pre> + <p> + <a name="link2H_4_0036"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + ADVENTURE XXXII (1) How Bloedel Was Slain. + </h2> + <p> + Full ready were now Bloedel's warriors. A thousand hauberks strong, they + hied them to where Dankwart sate at table with the squires. Then the very + greatest hate arose among the heroes. When Sir Bloedel drew near the + tables, Dankwart, the marshal, greeted him in courteous wise. "Welcome, + Sir Bloedel, in our house. In truth me-wondereth at thy coming. What doth + it mean?" + </p> + <p> + "Forsooth, thou needst not greet me," so spake Bloedel; "for this coming + of mine doth mean thine end. Because of Hagen, thy brother, by whom + Siegfried was slain, thou and many other knights must suffer here among + the Huns." + </p> + <p> + "Not so, Sir Bloedel," quoth Dankwart, "else this journey to your court + might rue us sore. I was but a little child when Siegfried lost his life. + I know not what blame King Etzel's wife could put on me." + </p> + <p> + "Of a truth, I wot not how to tell you of these tales; thy kinsmen, + Gunther and Hagen, did the deed. Now ward you, ye wanderers, ye may not + live. With your death must ye become Kriemhild's pledge." + </p> + <p> + "And ye will not turn you," quoth Dankwart, "then do my entreaties rue me; + they had better far been spared." + </p> + <p> + The doughty knight and brave sprang up from the table; a sharp weapon, + mickle and long, he drew and dealt Bloedel so fierce a sword-stroke that + his head lay straightway at his feet. "Let that be thy marriage morning + gift," (2) spake Dankwart, the knight, "for Nudung's bride, whom thou + wouldst cherish with thy love. They call betroth her to another man upon + the morn. Should he crave the dowry, 'twill be given to him eftsoon." A + faithful Hun had told him that the queen did plan against them such + grievous wrongs. + </p> + <p> + When Bloedel's men beheld their lord lie slain, no longer would they stand + this from the guests. With uplifted swords they rushed, grim of mood, upon + the youthful squires. Many a one did rue this later. Loudly Dankwart + called to all the fellowship: "Ye see well, noble squires, how matters + stand. Now ward you, wanderers! Forsooth we have great need, though + Kriemhild asked us here in right friendly wise." + </p> + <p> + Those that had no sword reached down in front of the benches and lifted + many a long footstool by its legs. The Burgundian squires would now abide + no longer, but with the heavy stools they dealt many bruises through the + helmets. How fiercely the stranger youths did ward them! Out of the house + they drove at last the men-at-arms, but five hundred of them, or better, + stayed behind there dead. The fellowship was red and wet with blood. + </p> + <p> + These grievous tales were told now to Etzel's knights; grim was their + sorrow, that Bloedel and his men were slain. This Hagen's brother and his + squires had done. Before the king had learned it, full two thousand Huns + or more armed them through hatred and hied them to the squires (this must + needs be), and of the fellowship they left not one alive. The faithless + Huns brought a mickle band before the house. Well the strangers stood + their ground, but what booted their doughty prowess? Dead they all must + lie. Then in a few short hours there rose a fearful dole. Now ye may hear + wonders of a monstrous thing. Nine thousand yeomen lay there slain and + thereto twelve good knights of Dankwart's men. One saw him stand alone + still by the foe. The noise was hushed, the din had died away, when + Dankwart, the hero, gazed over his shoulders. He spake: "Woe is me, for + the friends whom I have lost! Now must I stand, alas, alone among my + foes." + </p> + <p> + Upon his single person the sword-strokes fell thick and fast. The wife of + many a hero must later mourn for this. Higher he raised his shield, the + thong he lowered; the rings of many an armor he made to drip with blood. + "Woe is me of all this sorrow," quoth Aldrian's son. (3) "Give way now, + Hunnish warriors, and let me out into the breeze, that the air may cool + me, fight-weary man." + </p> + <p> + Then men saw the warrior walk forth in full lordly wise. As the + strife-weary man sprang from the house, how many added swords rang on his + helmet! Those that had not seen what wonders his hand had wrought sprang + towards the hero of the Burgundian land. "Now would to God," quoth + Dankwart, "that I might find a messenger who could let my brother Hagen + know I stand in such a plight before these knights. He would help me + hence, or lie dead at my side." + </p> + <p> + Then spake the Hunnish champions: "Thou must be the messenger thyself, + when we bear thee hence dead before thy brother. For the first time + Gunther's vassal will then become acquaint with grief. Passing great + scathe hast thou done King Etzel here." + </p> + <p> + Quoth he: "Now give over these threats and stand further back, or I'll wot + the armor rings of some with blood. I'll tell the tale at court myself and + make plaint to my lords of my great dole." + </p> + <p> + So sorely he dismayed King Etzel's men that they durst not withstand him + with their swords, so they shot such great store of darts into his shield + that he must needs lay it from his hand for very heaviness. Then they + weened to overpower him, sith he no longer bare a shield. Ho, what deep + wounds he struck them through their helmets! From this many a brave man + was forced to reel before him, and bold Dankwart gained thereby great + praise. From either side they sprang upon him, but in truth a many of them + entered the fray too soon. Before his foes he walked, as doth a boar to + the woods before the dogs. How might he be more brave? His path was ever + wet with reeking blood. Certes, no single champion might ever fight + better with his foes than he had done. Men now saw Hagen's brother go to + court in lordly wise. Sewers (4) and cupbearers heard the ring of swords, + and full many a one cast from his hand the drink and whatever food he bare + to court. Enow strong foes met Dankwart at the stairs. + </p> + <p> + "How now, ye sewers," spake the weary knight. "Forsooth ye should serve + well the guests and bear to the lords good cheer and let me bring the + tidings to my dear masters." + </p> + <p> + Those that sprang towards him on the steps to show their prowess, he dealt + so heavy a sword-stroke, that for fear they must needs stand further back. + His mighty strength wrought mickle wonders. + </p> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + ENDNOTES: + (1) Adventure XXXII. The details of the following scenes differ + materially in the various sources. A comparative study of + them will be found in the works of Wilmanns and Boer. + (2) "Marriage morning gift" (M.H.G. "morgengabe") was given by + the bridegroom to the bride on the morning after the + wedding. See Adventure XIX, note 1. + (3) "Aldrian's son", i.e., Dankwart. + (4) "Sewers" (O.F. "asseour", M.L. "adsessor" 'one who sets the + table'; cf. F. "asseoir" 'to set', 'place', Lat. "ad + sedere"), older English for an upper servant who brought on + and removed the dishes from the table. +</pre> + <p> + <a name="link2H_4_0037"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + ADVENTURE XXXIII. How The Burgundians Fought The Huns. + </h2> + <p> + When brave Dankwart was come within the door, he bade King Etzel's meiny + step aside. His garments dripped with blood and in his hand he bare + unsheathed a mighty sword. Full loud he called out to the knight: "Brother + Hagen, ye sit all too long, forsooth. To you and to God in heaven do I + make plaint of our woe. Our knights and squires all lie dead within their + lodgements." + </p> + <p> + He called in answer: "Who hath done this deed?" + </p> + <p> + "That Sir Bloedel hath done with his liegemen, but he hath paid for it + dearly, as I can tell you, for with mine own hands I struck off his head." + </p> + <p> + "It is but little scathe," quoth Hagen, "if one can only say of a knight + that he hath lost his life at a warrior's hands. Stately dames shall mourn + him all the less. Now tell me, brother Dankwart, how comes it that ye be + so red of hue? Ye suffer from wounds great dole, I ween. If there be any + in the land that hath done you this, 'twill cost his life, and the foul + fiend save him not." + </p> + <p> + "Ye see me safe and sound; my weeds alone are wet with blood. This hath + happed from wounds of other men, of whom I have slain so many a one to-day + that, had I to swear it, I could not tell the tale." + </p> + <p> + "Brother Dankwart," he spake, "guard us the door and let not a single Hun + go forth. I will hold speech with the warriors, as our need constraineth + us, for our meiny lieth dead before them, undeserved." + </p> + <p> + "If I must be chamberlain," quoth the valiant man, "I well wet how to + serve such mighty kings and will guard the stairway, as doth become mine + honors." Naught could have been more loth to Kriemhild's knights. + </p> + <p> + "Much it wondereth me," spake Hagen, "what the Hunnish knights be + whispering in here. I ween, they'd gladly do without the one that standeth + at the door, and who told the courtly tale to us Burgundians. Long since I + have heard it said of Kriemhild, that she would not leave unavenged her + dole of heart. Now let us drink to friendship (1) and pay for the royal + wine. The young lord of the Huns shall be the first." + </p> + <p> + Then the good knight Hagen smote the child Ortlieb, so that the blood + spurted up the sword towards his hand and the head fell into the lap of + the queen. At this there began a murdering, grim and great, among the + knights. Next he dealt the master who taught the child a fierce + sword-stroke with both his hands, so that his head fell quickly beneath + the table to the ground. A piteous meed it was, which he meted out to the + master. Hagen then spied a gleeman sitting at King Etzel's board. In his + wrath he hied him thither and struck off his right hand upon the fiddle. + "Take this as message to the Burgundian land." + </p> + <p> + "Woe is me of my hand," spake the minstrel Werbel. "Sir Hagen of Troneg, + what had I done to you? I came in good faith to your masters' land. How + can I now thrum the tunes, sith I have lost my hand?" + </p> + <p> + Little recked Hagen, played he nevermore. In the hall he dealt out fierce + deadly wounds to Etzel's warriors, passing many of whom he slew. Enow of + folk in the house he did to death. The doughty Folker now sprang up from + the board; loud rang in his hands his fiddle bow. Rudely did Gunther's + minstrel play. Ho, what foes he made him among the valiant Huns! The three + noble kings, too, sprang up from the table. Gladly would they have parted + the fray, or ever greater scathe was done. With all their wit they could + not hinder it, when Folker and Hagen gan rage so sore. When that the lord + of the Rhine beheld the fray unparted, the prince dealt his foes many + gaping wounds himself through the shining armor rings. That he was a hero + of his hands, he gave great proof. Then the sturdy Gernot joined the + strife. Certes, he did many a hero of the Huns to death with a sharp + sword, the which Rudeger had given him. Mighty wounds he dealt King + Etzel's warriors. Now the young son of Lady Uta rushed to the fray. + Gloriously his sword rang on the helmets of Etzel's warriors from the + Hunnish land. Full mickle wonders were wrought by bold Giselher's hand. + But how so doughty they all were, the kings and their liegemen, yet Folker + was seen to stand before them all against the foe; a good hero he. Many a + one he made to fall in his blood through wounds. Etzel's men did fend + them, too, full well, yet one saw the strangers go hewing with their + gleaming swords through the royal hall and on every side was heard great + sound of wail. Those without would now fain be with their friends within, + but at the entrance towers they found small gain. Those within had gladly + been without the hall, but Dankwart let none go either up or down the + steps. Therefore there rose before the towers a mighty press, and helmets + rang loudly from the sword-blows. Bold Dankwart came into great stress + thereby; this his brother feared, as his loyalty did bid him. + </p> + <p> + Loudly then Hagen called to Folker: "See ye yonder, comrade, my brother + stand before the Hunnish warriors amid a rain of blows? Friend, save my + brother, or ever we lose the knight." + </p> + <p> + "That will I surely," quoth the minstrel, and through the palace he went + a-fiddling, his stout sword ringing often in his hand. Great thanks were + tendered by the warriors from the Rhine. Bold Folker spake to Dankwart: + "Great discomfiture have ye suffered to-day, therefore your brother bade + me hasten to your aid. Will ye stand without, so will I stand within." + </p> + <p> + Sturdy Dankwart stood without the door and guarded the staircase against + whoever came, wherefore men heard the swords resound in the heroes' hands. + Folker of Burgundy land performed the same within. Across the press the + bold fiddler cried: "Friend Hagen, the hall is locked; forsooth King + Etzel's door is bolted well. The hands of two heroes guard it, as with a + thousand bars." When Hagen of Troneg beheld the door so well defended, the + famous hero and good slung his shield upon his back and gan avenge the + wrongs that had been done him there. His foes had now no sort of hope to + live. + </p> + <p> + When now the lord of Berne, the king of the Amelungs, (2) beheld aright + that the mighty Hagen broke so many a helm, upon a bench he sprang and + spake: "Hagen poureth out the very worst of drinks." + </p> + <p> + The host, too, was sore adread, as behooved him now, for his life was + hardly safe from these his foes. O how many dear friends were snatched + away before his eyes! He sate full anxious; what booted it him that he was + king? Haughty Kriemhild now cried aloud to Dietrich: "Pray help me hence + alive, most noble knight, by the virtues of all the princes of the Amelung + land. If Hagen reach me, I shall grasp death by the hand." + </p> + <p> + "How shall I help you, noble queen?" spake Sir Dietrich. "I fear for + myself in sooth. These men of Gunther be so passing wroth that at this + hour I cannot guard a soul." + </p> + <p> + "Nay, not so, Sir Dietrich, noble knight and good. Let thy chivalrous mood + appear to-day and help me hence, or I shall die." Passing great cause had + Kriemhild for this fear. + </p> + <p> + "I'll try to see if I may help you, for it is long since that I have soon + so many good knights so bitterly enraged. Of a truth I see blood spurting + through the helmets from the swords." + </p> + <p> + Loudly the chosen knight gan call, so that his voice rang forth as from a + bison's horn, until the broad castle resounded with his force. Sir + Dietrich's strength was passing great in truth. + </p> + <p> + When Gunther heard this man cry out in the heated strife, he began to + heed. He spake: "Dietrich's voice hath reached mine ears, I ween our + champions have bereft him of some friend to-day. I see him on the table, + he doth beckon with his hand. Ye friends and kinsmen from Burgundian land, + give over the strife. Let's hear and see what here hath fortuned to the + knight from my men-at-arms." + </p> + <p> + When Gunther thus begged and bade in the stress of the fray, they sheathed + their swords. Passing great was his power, so that none struck a blow. + Soon enow he asked the tidings of the knight of Berne. He spake: "Most + noble Dietrich, what hath happed to you through these my friends? I am + minded to do you remedy and to make amends. If any had done you aught, + 'twould grieve me sore." + </p> + <p> + Then spake Sir Dietrich: "Naught hath happed to me, but I pray you, let me + leave this hall and this fierce strife under your safe-guard, with my men. + For this favor I will serve you ever." + </p> + <p> + "How entreat ye now so soon," quoth Wolfhart (3) then. "Forsooth the + fiddler hath not barred the door so strong, but what we may open it enow + to let us pass." + </p> + <p> + "Hold your tongue," spake Sir Dietrich; "the devil a whit have ye ever + done." + </p> + <p> + Then: spake King Gunther: "I will grant your boon. Lead from the hall as + few or as many as ye will, save my foes alone; they must remain within. + Right ill have they treated me in the Hunnish land." + </p> + <p> + When Dietrich heard these words, he placed his arm around the high-born + queen, whose fear was passing great. On his other side he led King Etzel + with him hence; with Dietrich there also went six hundred stately men. + </p> + <p> + Then spake the noble Margrave Rudeger: "Shall any other who would gladly + serve you come from this hall, let us hear the tale, and lasting peace + shall well befit good friends." + </p> + <p> + To this Giselher of the Burgundian land replied: "Peace and friendship be + granted you by us, sith ye are constant in your fealty. Ye and all your + men, ye may go hence fearlessly with these your friends." + </p> + <p> + When Sir Rudeger voided the hall, there followed him, all told, five + hundred men or more, kinsmen and vassals of the lord of Bechelaren, from + whom King Gunther later gained great scathe. Then a Hunnish champion spied + Etzel walking close by Dietrich. He, too, would take this chance, but the + fiddler dealt him such a blow that his head fell soon before King Etzel's + feet. When the lord of the land was come outside the house, he turned him + about and gazed on Folker. "Woe is me of these guests. This is a direful + need, that all my warriors should lie low in death before them. Alas for + the feasting," quoth the noble king. "Like a savage boar there fighteth + one within, hight Folker, who is a gleeman. I thank my stars that I + escaped this fiend. His glees have an evil sound, the strokes of his how + draw blood; forsooth his measures fell many a hero dead. I wot not, with + what this minstrel twitteth us, for I have never had such baleful guest." + </p> + <p> + They had permitted whom they would to leave the hall. Then there arose + within a mighty uproar; sorely the guests avenged what there had happed + them. Ho, what helmets bold Folker broke! The noble King Gunther turned + him toward the sound. "Hear ye the measures, Hagen, which Folker yonder + fiddleth with the Huns, when any draweth near the towers? 'Tis a blood-red + stroke he useth with the bow." + </p> + <p> + "It rueth me beyond all measure," quoth Hagen, "that in this hall I sate + me down to rest before the hero did. I was his comrade and he was mine; + and come we ever home again, we shall still be so, in loyal wise. Now + behold, most noble king, Folker is thy friend, he earneth gladly thy + silver and thy gold. His fiddle bow doth cut through the hardest steel, on + the helmets he breaketh the bright and shining gauds! (4) Never have I + seen fiddler stand in such lordly wise as the good knight Folker hath + stood to-day. His glees resound through shield and helmet. Certes he shall + ride good steeds and wear lordly raiment." + </p> + <p> + Of all the kinsmen of the Huns within the hall, not one of these remained + alive. Thus the clash of arms died out, since none strove with them + longer. The lusty knights and bold now laid aside their swords. + </p> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + ENDNOTES: + (1) "Friendship" translates the M.H.G. "minne trinken" 'to drink + to the memory of a person', an old custom originating with + the idea of pouring out a libation to the gods. Later it + assumed the form of drinking to the honor of God, of a + saint, or of an absent friend. See Grimm, "Mythologie", p. + 48. + (2) "Amelungs", see Adventure XXVIII, note 3. + (3) "Wolfhart", see Adventure XXVIII, note 2. + (4) "Gauds", ornaments. +</pre> + <p> + <a name="link2H_4_0038"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + ADVENTURE XXXIV. How They Cast Out The Dead. + </h2> + <p> + The lordings sate them down for weariness. Folker and Hagen came forth + from the hall; upon their shields the haughty warriors leaned. Wise words + were spoken by the twain. Then Knight Giselher of Burgundy spake: + "Forsooth, dear friends, ye may not ease you yet; ye must bear the dead + from out the hall. I'll tell you, of a truth, we shall be attacked again. + They must no longer lie here beneath our feet. Ere the Huns vanquish us by + storm, we'll yet how wounds, which shall ease my heart. For this," quoth + Giselher, "I have a steadfast mind." + </p> + <p> + "Well is me of such a lord," spake then Hagen. "This rede which my young + master hath given us to-day would befit no one but a knight. At this, + Burgundians, ye may all stand glad." + </p> + <p> + Then they followed the rede, and to the door they bare seven thousand + dead, the which they cast outside. Down they fell before the stairway to + the hall, and from their kinsmen rose a full piteous wall. Some there were + with such slight wounds that, had they been more gently treated, they + would have waxed well again; but from the lofty fall, they must needs lie + dead. Their friends bewailed this, and forsooth they had good cause. + </p> + <p> + Then spake Folker, the fiddler, a lusty knight: "Now I mark the truth of + this, as hath been told me. The Huns be cravens, like women they wail; + they should rather nurse these sorely wounded men." + </p> + <p> + A margrave weened, he spake through kindness. Seeing one of his kinsmen + lying in the blood, he clasped him in his arms and would have borne him + hence, when the bold minstrel shot him above the dead to death. The flight + began as the others saw this deed, and all fell to cursing this selfsame + minstrel. He snatched javelin, sharp and hard, the which had been hurled + at him by a Hun, and cast it with might across the court, far over the + folk. Thus he forced Etzel's warriors to take lodgement further from the + hall. On every side the people feared his mighty prowess. + </p> + <p> + Many thousand men now stood before the hall. Folker and Hagen gan speak to + Etzel all their mind, wherefrom these heroes bold and good came thereafter + into danger. Quoth Hagen: "'Twould well beseem the people's hope, if the + lords would fight in the foremost ranks, as doth each of my lordings here. + They hew through the helmets, so that the blood doth follow the sword." + </p> + <p> + Etzel was brave; he seized his shield. "Now fare warily," spake Lady + Kriemhild, "and offer the warriors gold upon your shield. If Hagen doth + but reach you there, ye'll be hand in hand with death." + </p> + <p> + The king was so bold he would not turn him back, the which doth now seldom + hap from so mighty a lord. By his shield-thong they had to draw him hence. + Once again grim Hagen began to mock him. "It is a distant kinship," quoth + Hagen, the knight, "that bindeth Etzel and Siegfried. He loved Kriemhild, + or ever she laid eyes on thee. Most evil king, why dost thou plot against + me?" + </p> + <p> + Kriemhild, the wife of the noble king, heard this speech; angry she grew + that he durst thus revile her before King Etzel's liegemen. Therefore she + again began to plot against the strangers. She spake: "For him that + slayeth me Hagen of Troneg and bringeth me his head, I will fill King + Etzel's shield with ruddy gold, thereto will I give him as guerdon many + goodly lands and castles." + </p> + <p> + "Now I know not for what they wait," spake the minstrel. "Never have I + seen heroes stand so much like cowards, when one heard proffered such + goodly wage. Forsooth King Etzel should never be their friend again. Many + of those who so basely eat the lording's bread, and now desert him in the + greatest need, do I see stand here as cravens, and yet would pass for + brave. May shame ever be their lot!" + </p> + <p> + <a name="link2H_4_0039"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + ADVENTURE XXXV. How Iring Was Slain. + </h2> + <p> + Then cried Margrave Iring of Denmark: "I have striven for honor now long + time, and in the storm of battle have been among the best. Now bring me my + harness, for in sooth I will encounter me with Hagen." + </p> + <p> + "I would not counsel that," spake Hagen, "but bid the Hunnish knights + stand further back. If twain of you or three leap into the hall, I'll send + them back sore wounded down the steps." + </p> + <p> + "Not for that will I give it over," quoth Iring again. "I've tried before + such daring things; in truth with my good sword I will encounter thee + alone. What availeth all thy boasting, which thou hast done in words?" + </p> + <p> + Then were soon arrayed the good Knight Iring and Irnfried of Thuringia, a + daring youth, and the stalwart Hawart and full a thousand men. Whatever + Iring ventured, they would all fain give him aid. Then the fiddler spied a + mighty troop, that strode along well armed with Iring. Upon their heads + they bare good helmets. At this bold Folker waxed a deal full wroth of + mood. "See ye, friend Hagen, Iring striding yonder, who vowed to match you + with his sword alone? How doth lying beseem a hero? Much that misliketh + me. There walk with him full a thousand knights or more, well armed." + </p> + <p> + "Say not that I lie," spake Hawart's liegeman. "Gladly will I perform what + I have vowed, nor will I desist therefrom through any fear. However + frightful Hagen be, I will meet him single-handed." + </p> + <p> + On his knees Iring begged both kinsmen and vassals to let him match the + knight alone. This they did unwillingly, for well they knew the haughty + Hagen from the Burgundian land. But Iring begged so long that at last it + happed. When the fellowship beheld his wish and that he strove for honor, + they let him go. Then a fierce conflict rose between the twain. Iring of + Denmark, the peerless high-born knight, bare high his spear and covered + him with his shield. Swiftly he rushed on Hagen before the hall, while a + great shout arose from all the knights around. With might and main they + cast the spears with their hands through the sturdy shields upon their + shining armor, so that the shafts whirled high in air. Then the two brave + men and fierce reached for their swords. Bold Hagen's strength was mickle + and great, but Iring smote him, that the whole hall rang. Palace and + towers resounded from their blows, but the knight could not achieve his + wish. + </p> + <p> + Iring now left Hagen stand unharmed, and hied him to the fiddler. He + weened to fell him by his mighty blows, but the stately knight wist how to + guard bin, well. Then the fiddler struck a blow, that the plates of mail + whirled high above the buckler's rim. An evil man he was, for to + encounter, so Iring let him stand and rushed at Gunther of the Burgundian + land. Here, too, either was strong enow in strife. The blows that Gunther + and Iring dealt each other drew no blood from wounds. This the harness + hindered, the which was both strong and good. + </p> + <p> + He now let Gunther be, and ran at Gernot, and gan hew sparks of fire from + his armor rings. Then had stalwart Gernot of Burgundy nigh done brave + Iring unto death, but that he sprang away from the prince (nimble enow he + was), and slew eftsoon four noble henchmen of the Burgundians from Worms + across the Rhine. At this Giselher might never have waxed more wroth. "God + wot, Sir Iring," spake Giselher, the youth, "ye must pay me weregild (1) + for those who have fallen dead this hour before you." + </p> + <p> + Then at him he rushed and smote the Dane, so that he could not stir a + step, but sank before his hands down in the blood, so that all did ween + the good knight would never deal a blow again in strife. But Iring lay + unwounded here before Sir Giselher. From the crashing of the helmet and + the ringing of the sword, his wits had grown so weak that the brave knight + no longer thought of life. Stalwart Giselher had done this with his might. + When now the ringing gan leave his head, the which he had suffered from + the mighty stroke, he thought: "I am still alive and nowhere wounded. Now + first wot I of Giselher's mighty strength." On either side he heard his + foes. Wist they the tale, still more had happed him. Giselher, too, he + marked hard by; he bethought him, how he might escape his foes. How madly + he sprang up from the blood! Well might he thank his nimbleness for this. + Out of the house he ran to where he again found Hagen, whom he dealt a + furious blow with his powerful hand. + </p> + <p> + Hagen thought him: "Thou art doomed. Unless be that the foul fiend protect + thee, thou canst not escape alive." + </p> + <p> + Yet Iring wounded Hagen through his crest. This the hero wrought with + Waska, (2) a passing goodly sword. When Sir Hagen felt the wound, wildly + he brandished his weapon in his hand. Soon Hawart's liegeman was forced to + yield his ground, and Hagen gan pursue him down the stairs. Brave Iring + swung his shield above his head, but had the staircase been the length of + three, Hagen would not have let him strike a blow the while. Ho, what red + sparks did play above his helmet! + </p> + <p> + Iring returned scatheless to his liegemen. Then the tidings were brought + to Kriemhild, of that which he had wrought in strife with Hagen of Troneg. + For this the queen gan thank him highly. "Now God requite thee, Iring, + thou peerless hero and good. Thou hast comforted well my heart and mind. I + see that Hagen's weeds be wet with blood." For very joy Kriemhild herself + relieved him of his shield. + </p> + <p> + "Be not too lavish of your thanks," spake Hagen. "'Twould well befit a + knight to try again. A valiant man were he, if he then came back alive. + Little shall the wound profit you, which I have at his bands; for that ye + have seen the rings wet with blood from my wound doth urge me to the death + of many a man. Now first am I enraged at Hawart's liegeman. Small scathe + hath Knight Iring done me yet." + </p> + <p> + Meanwhile Iring of Denmark stood in the breeze; he cooled his harness and + doffed his casque. All the folk then praised his prowess, at which the + margrave was in passing lofty mood. Again Sir Iring spake: "My friends, + this know; arm me now quickly, for I would fain try again, if perchance I + may not conquer this overweening man." + </p> + <p> + His shield was hewn to pieces, a better one he gained; full soon the + champion was armed again. Through hate he seized a passing heavy spear + with which he would encounter Hagen yonder. Meantime the death-grim man + awaited him in hostile wise. But Knight Hagen would not abide his coming. + Hurling the javelin and brandishing his sword, he ran to meet him to the + very bottom of the stairs. Forsooth his rage was great. Little booted + Iring then his strength; through the shields they smote, so that the + flames rose high in fiery blasts. Hagen sorely wounded Hawart's liegeman + with his sword through shield and breastplate. Never waxed he well again. + When now Knight Iring felt the wound, higher above his helmet bands he + raised his shield. Great enow he thought the scathe he here received, but + thereafter King Gunther's liegeman did him more of harm. Hagen found a + spear lying now before his feet. With this he shot Iring, the Danish hero, + so that the shaft stood forth from his head. Champion Hagen had given him + a bitter end. Iring must needs retreat to those of Denmark. Or ever they + unbound his helmet and drew the spear-shaft from his head, death had + already drawn nigh him. At this his kinsmen wept, as forsooth they had + great need. + </p> + <p> + Then the queen came and bent above him. She gan bewail the stalwart Iring + and bewept his wounds, indeed her grief was passing sharp. At this the + bold and lusty warrior spake before his kinsmen: "Let be this wail, most + royal queen. What availeth your weeping now? Certes, I must lose my life + from these wounds I have received. Death will no longer let me serve you + and Etzel." To the men of Thuringia and to those of Denmark he spake: + "None of you must take from the queen her shining ruddy gold as meed, for + if ye encounter Hagen, ye must gaze on death." + </p> + <p> + Pale grew his hue; brave Iring bare the mark of death. Dole enow it gave + them, for no longer might Hawart's liegeman live. Then the men of Denmark + must needs renew the fray. Irnfried and Hawart with well a thousand + champions leaped toward the hall. On every side one heard a monstrous + uproar, mighty and strong. Ho, what sturdy javelins were cast at the + Burgundian men! Bold Irnfried rushed at the minstrel, but gained great + damage at his hands. Through his sturdy helmet the noble fiddler smote the + landgrave. Certes, he was grim enow! Then Sir Irnfried dealt the valiant + gleeman such a blow that his coat of mail burst open and his breastplate + was enveloped with a bright red flame. Yet the landgrave fell dead at the + minstrel's hands. Hawart and Hagen, too, had come together. Wonders would + he have seen, who beheld the fight. The swords fell thick and fast in the + heroes' hands. Through the knight from the Burgundian land Hawart needs + must die. When the Thuringians and the Danes espied their lordings dead, + there rose before the hall a fearful strife, before they gained the door + with mighty hand. Many a helm and shield was hacked and cut thereby. + </p> + <p> + "Give way," spake Folker, "and let them in, for else what they have in + mind will not be ended. They must die in here in full short time. With + death they'll gain what the queen would give them." + </p> + <p> + When these overweening men were come into the hall, the head of many a one + sank down so low that he needs must die from their furious strokes. Well + fought the valiant Gernot, and the same did Giselher, the knight. A + thousand and four were come into the hall and many a whizzing stroke of + the swords was seen flash forth, but soon all the warriors lay slain + therein. Mickle wonders might one tell of the Burgundian men. The hall + grew still, as the uproar died away. On every side the dead men's blood + poured through the openings down to the drain-pipes. This the men from the + Rhine had wrought with their passing strength. + </p> + <p> + Those from the Burgundian land now sate them down to rest and laid aside + their swords and shields. But still the valiant minstrel stood guard + before the hall. He waited, if any would perchance draw near again in + strife. Sorely the king made wail, as did the queen. Maids and ladies were + distraught with grief. Death, I ween, had conspired against them, + wherefore many of the warriors perished through the guests. + </p> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + ENDNOTES: + (1) "Weregild" (O.E. "wer", 'a man', "gild", 'payment of + money'), legal term for compensation paid for a man killed. + (2) "Waska". In "Biterolf" it is the name of the sword of + Walther of Wasgenstein and is connected with the old German + name, "Wasgenwald", for the Vosges. +</pre> + <p> + <a name="link2H_4_0040"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + ADVENTURE XXXVI. How The Queen Gave Orders To Burn the Hall. + </h2> + <p> + "Now unbind your helmets," spake the good Knight Hagen. "I and my comrade + will guard you well, and should Etzel's men be minded to try again, I'll + warn my lords as soon as I ever can." + </p> + <p> + Then many a good knight bared his head. They sate them down upon the + wounded, who had fallen in the blood, done to death at their hands. Evil + looks were cast upon the noble strangers. Before the eventide the king and + the queen brought it to pass that the Hunnish champions tried again. Men + saw full twenty thousand warriors stand before them, who must perforce + march to the fray. Straightway there rose a mighty storming towards the + strangers. Dankwart, Hagen's brother, the doughty knight, sprang from his + lordings' side to meet the foes without the door. All weened that he were + dead, yet forth he stood again unscathed. The furious strife did last till + nightfall brought it to a close. As befitted good knights, the strangers + warded off King Etzel's liegemen the livelong summer day. Ho, how many a + bold knight fell doomed before them! This great slaughter happed upon + midsummer's day, when Lady Kriemhild avenged her sorrow of heart upon her + nearest kin and upon many another man, so that King Etzel never again + gained joy. + </p> + <p> + The day had passed away, but still they had good cause for fear. They + thought, a short and speedy death were better for them, than to be longer + racked with monstrous pain. A truce these proud and lusty knights now + craved; they begged that men would bring the king to see them. Forth from + the hall stepped the heroes, bloody of hue, and the three noble kings, + stained from their armor. They wist not to whom they should make plaint of + their mighty wounds. Thither both Etzel and Kriemhild went; the land was + theirs and so their band waxed large. He spake to the strangers: "Pray + tell me, what ye will of me? Ye ween to gain here peace, but that may + hardly be. For damage as great as ye have done me, in my son and in my + many kinsmen, whom ye have slain, peace and pardon shall be denied you + quite; it shall not boot you aught, an' I remain alive." + </p> + <p> + To this King Gunther answered: "Dire need constrained us; all my + men-at-arms lay dead before thy heroes in the hostel. How did I deserve + such pay? I came to thee in trust, I weened thou wast my friend." + </p> + <p> + Young Giselher of Burgundy likewise spake: "Ye men of Etzel, who still do + live, what do ye blame me with? What have I done to you, for I rode in + friendly wise into this land of yours." + </p> + <p> + Quoth they: "From thy friendliness this castle is filled with grief and + the land as well. We should not have taken it ill, in sooth, if thou hadst + never come from Worms beyond the Rhine. Thou and thy brothers have filled + this land with orphans." + </p> + <p> + Then spake Knight Giselher in angry mood: "And ye will lay aside this + bitter hate and make your peace with us stranger knights, 'twere best for + either side. We have not merited at all what Etzel here doth do us." + </p> + <p> + Then spake the host to his guests: "Unlike are my wrongs and yours. The + mickle grievance from the loss and then the shame, which I have taken + here, are such that none of you shall e'er go hence alive." + </p> + <p> + At this mighty Gernot spake to the king: "May God then bid you act in + merciful wise. Slay, if ye will, us homeless knights, but let us first + descend to you into the open court. That will make to you for honor. Let + be done quickly whatever shall hap to us. Ye have still many men + unscathed, who dare well encounter us and bereave us storm-weary men of + life. How long must we warriors undergo these toils?" + </p> + <p> + King Etzel's champions had nigh granted this boon and let them leave the + hall, but Kriemhild heard it and sorely it misliked her. Therefore the + wanderers were speedily denied the truce. "Not so, ye Hunnish men. I + counsel you in true fealty, that ye do not what ye have in mind, and let + these murderers leave the hall, else must your kinsmen suffer a deadly + fall. Did none of them still live, save Uta's sons, my noble brothers, and + they came forth into the breeze and cooled their armor rings, ye would all + be lost. Bolder heroes were never born into the world." + </p> + <p> + Then spake young Giselher: "Fair sister mine, full evil was my trust, when + thou didst invite me from across the Rhine hither to this land, to this + dire need. How have I merited death here from the Huns? I was aye true to + thee; never did I do thee wrong, and in the hope that thou wast still my + friend, dear sister mine, rode I hither to thy court. It cannot be but + that thou grant us mercy." + </p> + <p> + "I will not grant you mercy, merciless is my mood. Hagen of Troneg hath + done me such great wrongs that it may never be amended, the while I live. + Ye must all suffer for this deed," so spake King Etzel's wife. "And ye + will give me Hagen alone as hostage, I will not deny that I will let you + live, for ye be my brothers and children of one mother, and will counsel + peace with these heroes that be here." + </p> + <p> + "Now God in heaven forbid," spake Gernot; "were there here a thousand of + us, the clansmen of thy kin, we'd rather all lie dead, than give thee a + single man as hostage. Never shall this be done." + </p> + <p> + "We all must die," spake then Giselher, "but none shall hinder that we + guard us in knightly wise. We be still here, if any list to fight us; for + never have I failed a friend in fealty." + </p> + <p> + Then spake bold Dankwart (it had not beseemed him to have held his peace): + "Forsooth my brother Hagen standeth not alone. It may yet rue those who + here refuse the truce. I'll tell you of a truth, we'll make you ware of + this." + </p> + <p> + Then spake the queen: "Ye full lusty heroes, now go nigher to the stairs + and avenge my wrongs. For this I will ever serve you, as I should by + right. I'll pay Hagen well for his overweening pride. Let none at all + escape from the house, and I will bid the hall be set on fire at all four + ends. Thus all my wrongs shall be well avenged." + </p> + <p> + Soon were King Etzel's champions ready still stood without into the hall + with blows and shots. Mickle waxed the din, yet the lordings and their + liegemen would not part. For very fealty they could not leave each other. + Etzel's queen then bade the hall be set on fire, and thus they racked the + bodies of the knights with fire and flame. Fanned by the breeze, the whole + house burst into flames full soon. I ween, no folk did ever gain such + great distress. Enow within cried out: "Alack this plight! We would much + rather die in stress of battle. It might move God to pity, how we all are + lost! The queen now wreaketh monstrously on us her wrath." + </p> + <p> + Quoth one of them within: "We must all lie dead. What avail us now the + greetings which the king did send us? Thirst from this great heat giveth + me such dole, that soon, I ween, my life must ebb away in anguish." + </p> + <p> + Then spake Hagen of Troneg: "Ye noble knights and good, let him whom pangs + of thirst constrain, drink here this blood. In such great heat, 'tis + better still than wine. We can purvey us at this time none better." + </p> + <p> + One of the warriors hied him then to where he found a corpse, and knelt + him down beside the wound; then he unbound his helmet and began to drink + the flowing blood. However little wont to such a drink, him thought it + passing good: "Sir Hagen, now God requite you," spake the weary man, "that + I have drunk so well at your advice; seldom hath better wine been + proffered me. And I live yet a while, I shall ever be your friend." + </p> + <p> + When now the others heard this, it thought them good, and soon there were + many more that drank the blood. From this the body of each gained much of + strength; but many a stately dame paid dear for this through the loss of + loving kin. Into the hall the fire fell thick and fast upon them, but with + their shields they turned it from them to the ground. Both the heat and + the smoke did hurt them sore; in sooth, I ween, that nevermore will such + anguish hap to heroes. + </p> + <p> + Again Hagen of Troneg spake: "Stand by the sides of the hall. Let not the + firebrands fall upon your helmet bands, but stamp them with your feet down + deeper in the blood. Forsooth it is an evil feast which the queen doth + give us here." + </p> + <p> + In such dire woes the night did wear away at last, and still the brave + minstrel and his comrade Hagen stood before the hall, a-leaning on their + shields. More scathe they awaited from those of Etzel's band. Then spake + the fiddler: "Now go we into the hall. Then the Huns will ween, that we + all be dead from the torture that hath been done us here. They'll yet see + us go to meet them in the strife." + </p> + <p> + Now spake Giselher of Burgundy, the youth: "I trow the day dawneth, a + cooling wind doth blow. May God in heaven let us live to see a liefer + time, for my sister Kriemhild hath given us here an evil feast." + </p> + <p> + Again one spake: "I see the day. Sith we cannot hope for better things, so + arm you, heroes, think on your life. Certes, King Etzel's wife will come + to meet us soon again." + </p> + <p> + The host weened well, that his guests were dead from their toil and the + pangs of fire; but yet within the hall six hundred brave men, as good as + any knight that king ever gained, were still alive. Those set to guard the + strangers had well seen that the guests still lived, despite the damage + and the dole that had been done both to the lordings and their men. In the + hall one saw them stand full safe and sound. They then told Kriemhild that + many were still alive, but the queen replied: "It could never be, that any + should have lived through such stress of fire. Rather will I believe that + all lie dead." + </p> + <p> + The lordings and their men would still fain have lived, had any listed to + do them mercy, but they could find none among those of the Hunnish land. + So with full willing hand they avenged their dying. On this same day, + towards morning, men proffered them a fierce attack as greeting, which + brought the champions in stress again. Many a stout spear was hurled upon + them, but the bold and lordly warriors warded them in knightly wise. High + rose the mood of Etzel's men at the thought that they should earn Queen + Kriemhild's gold. Thereto they were minded to perform whatso the King did + bid them. Many of them because of this must soon needs gaze on death. Of + pledges and of gifts one might tell wonders. She bade the ruddy gold be + carried forth on shields and gave it to whomsoever craved it and would + take it. Certes, greater wage was nevermore given against foes. To the + hall a mickle force of well-armed warriors marched. + </p> + <p> + Then cried bold Folker: "We're here again, ye see. Never saw I heroes more + gladly come to fight than these that have taken the king's gold to do us + scathe." + </p> + <p> + Then enow did call: "Nearer, heroes, nearer, that we may do betimes what + we must bring to an end. Here dieth none that is not doomed to die." + </p> + <p> + Soon their shields were seen sticking full of darts that had been thrown. + What more can I say? Full twelve hundred men tried hard to match them, + surging back and forth. The strangers cooled well their mood with wounds. + None might part the strife, and so blood was seen to flow from mortal + wounds, many of which were dealt. Each one was heard to wail for friends. + All the great king's doughty warriors died, and loving kinsmen mourned + them passing sore. + </p> + <p> + <a name="link2H_4_0041"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + ADVENTURE XXXVII. How Margrave Rudeger Was Slain. + </h2> + <p> + The strangers had done full well at dawn. Meanwhile Gotelind's husband + came to court. Bitterly faithful Rudeger wept when he saw the grievous + wounds on either side. "Woe is me," quoth the champion, "that I was ever + born, sith none may stay this mickle grief! However fain I would make for + peace, the king will not consent, for he seeth ever more and more the + sufferings of his men." + </p> + <p> + Then the good Knight Rudeger sent to Dietrich, if perchance they might + turn the fate of the high-born kings. The king of Berne sent answer: "Who + might now forfend? King Etzel will let none part the strife." + </p> + <p> + Then a Hunnish warrior, that saw Rudeger stand with weeping eyes, and many + tears had he shed, spake to the queen: "Now behold how he doth stand, that + hath the greatest power at Etzel's court and whom both lands and people + serve. Why have so many castles been given to Rudeger, of which he doth + hold such store from the king in fief? Not one sturdy stroke hath he dealt + in all this strife. Methinks, he recketh not how it fare here at court, + sith he hath his will in full. Men say of him, he be bolder than any other + wight. Little hath that been seen in these parlous (1) days." + </p> + <p> + Sad in heart the faithful vassal gazed at him whom he heard thus speak. + Him-thought: "Thou shalt pay for this. Thou sayest, I be a craven, and + hast told thy tale too loud at court." + </p> + <p> + His fist he clenched, then ran he at him and smote the Hunnish man so + mightily that he lay dead at his feet full soon. Through this King Etzel's + woe grew greater. + </p> + <p> + "Away, thou arrant coward," cried Rudeger, "forsooth I have enow of grief + and pain. How dost thou taunt me, that I fight not here? Certes, I have + good cause to hate the strangers, and would have done all in my power + against them, had I not led the warriors hither. Of a truth I was their + safeguard to my master's land. Therefore the hand of me, wretched man, may + not strive against them." + </p> + <p> + Then spake Etzel, the noble king, to the margrave: "How have ye helped us, + most noble Rudeger! We have so many fey (2) in the land, that we have no + need of more. Full evil have ye done." + </p> + <p> + At this the noble knight made answer: "Forsooth he grieved my mood and + twitted me with the honors and the goods, such store of which I have + received from thy hand. This hath cost the liar dear." + </p> + <p> + The queen, too, was come and had seen what fortuned to the Huns through + the hero's wrath. Passing sore she bewailed it; her eyes grew moist as she + spake to Rudeger: "How have we deserved that ye should increase the + sorrows of the king and me? Hitherto ye have told us, that for our sake ye + would risk both life and honor. I heard full many warriors accord to you + the palm. Let me mind you of your fealty and that ye swore, when that ye + counseled me to Etzel, good knight and true, that ye would serve me till + one of us should die. Never have I, poor woman, had such great need of + this." + </p> + <p> + "There's no denying that I swore to you, my lady, for your sake I'd risk + both life and honor, but I did not swear that I would lose my soul. 'Twas + I that bade the high-born lordings to this feast." + </p> + <p> + Quoth she: "Bethink thee, Rudeger, of thy great fealty, of thy constancy, + and of thine oaths, that thou wouldst ever avenge mine injuries and all my + woes." + </p> + <p> + Said the margrave: "Seldom have I denied you aught." + </p> + <p> + Mighty Etzel, too, began implore; upon their knees they sank before the + knight. Men saw the noble margrave stand full sad. Pitifully the faithful + warrior spake: "Woe is me, most wretched man, that I have lived to see + this day. I must give over all my honors, my fealty, and my courtesie, + that God did bid me use. Alas, great God of heaven, that death will not + turn this from me! I shall act basely and full evil, whatever I do or + leave undone. But if I give over both, then will all people blame me. Now + may he advise me, who hath given me life." + </p> + <p> + Still the king and the queen, too, begged unceasingly. Through this + warriors must needs thereafter lose their lives at Rudeger's hands, when + the hero also died. Ye may well hear it now, that he deported him full + pitifully. He wist that it would bring him scathe and monstrous woe. + Gladly would he have refused the king and queen. He feared full sore that + if he slew but one of the strangers, the world would bear him hate. + </p> + <p> + Then the brave man addressed him to the king: "Sir King, take back again + all that I have from you, my land with its castles, let not a whit remain + to me. On foot will I wander into other lands." + </p> + <p> + At this King Etzel spake: "Who else should help me then? I'll give thee + the land and all its castles, as thine own, that thou mayst avenge me on + my foes. Thou shalt be a mighty king at Etzel's side." + </p> + <p> + Then answered Rudeger: "How shall I do this deed? I bade them to my house + and home; in friendly wise I offered them both food and drink and gave + them gifts. How may I counsel their death? People will lightly ween, that + I be craven. No service of mine have I refused these noble lordings and + their men. Now I rue the kinship I have gained with them. I gave my + daughter to Giselher, the knight; to none in all the world could she have + been better given, for courtesie and honor, for fealty and wealth. Never + have I seen so young a prince of such right courteous mind." + </p> + <p> + Then Kriemhild spake again: "Most noble Rudeger, take pity on our griefs, + on mine and on the king's. Bethink thee well, that king did never gain + such baneful guests." + </p> + <p> + To the noble dame the margrave spake: "Rudeger's life must pay to-day for + whatsoever favors ye and my lord have shown me. Therefore must I die; no + longer may it be deferred. I know full well, that my castles and my lands + will be voided for you to-day through the hand of one of these men. To + your mercy I commend my wife and children and the strangers (3) who be at + Bechelaren." + </p> + <p> + "Now God requite thee, Rudeger," spake the king, and both he and the queen + grew glad. "Thy people shall be well commended to our care. For mine own + weal I trust thou too shalt go unscathed." + </p> + <p> + Etzel's bride began to weep. Then body and soul he staked upon the + venture. He spake: "I must perform what I have vowed. Alas for my friends, + whom I am loth to fight." + </p> + <p> + Men saw him go sadly from the presence of the king. Close at hand he found + his warriors standing. He spake: "Ye must arm you all, my men, for, alas, + I must needs encounter the bold Burgundians." + </p> + <p> + They bade the squires run nimbly to where lay their arms. Whether it were + helm or buckler, 'twas all brought forth to them by their meiny. Later the + proud strangers heard told baleful tales. Rudeger was now armed, and with + him five hundred men; thereto he gained twelve champions, who would fain + win renown in the stress of battle. They wist not that death drew nigh + them. Then Rudeger was seen to march with helmet donned. The margrave's + men bare keen-edged swords, and their bright shields and broad upon their + arms. This the fiddler saw; greatly he rued the sight. When young Giselher + beheld his lady's father walk with his helm upon his head, how might he + know what he meant thereby, save that it portended good? Therefore the + noble prince waxed passing merry of mood. + </p> + <p> + "Now well is me of such kinsmen," spake Knight Giselher, "whom we have won + upon this journey; from my wife we shall reap much profit here. Lief it is + to me, that this betrothal hath taken place." + </p> + <p> + "I know not whence ye take your comfort," spake then the minstrel; "when + have ye seen so many heroes walk with helmets donned and swords in hand, + for the sake of peace? Rudeger doth think to win his castles and his lands + in fight with us." + </p> + <p> + Or ever the fiddler had ended his speech, men saw the noble Rudeger before + the house. At his feet he placed his trusty shield, and now both service + and greeting he must needs refuse his friends. Into the hall the noble + margrave called: "Ye doughty Nibelungs, now guard you well on every side. + Ye were to profit by me, now I shall bring you scathe. Aforetime we were + friends, but of this troth I now would fain be rid." + </p> + <p> + The hard-pressed men were startled at this tale, for none gained aught of + joy, that he whom they did love would now fain fight them. From their foes + they had already suffered mickle stress of war. "Now God of heaven + forbid," spake Gunther, the knight, "that ye should give over your love of + us and your great fealty, on which we counted of a truth. Better things I + trow of you, than that ye should ever do this deed." + </p> + <p> + "Alas, I cannot give it over, but must fight you, for I have vowed it. Now + ward you, brave heroes, and ye love your life. King Etzel's wife would not + release me from mine oath." + </p> + <p> + "Ye declare this feud too late," spake the high-born king. "Now may God + requite you, most noble Rudeger, for all the love and fealty that ye have + shown us, if ye would only act more kindly at the end. I and my kinsmen, + we ought ever to serve you for the noble gifts ye gave us, when ye brought + us hither faithfully to Etzel's land. Now, noble Rudeger, think on this." + </p> + <p> + "How gladly would I grant you," spake Knight Rudeger, "that I might weigh + out my gifts for you with full measure, as willingly as I had hoped, if I + never should be blamed on that account." + </p> + <p> + "Turn back, noble Rudeger," spake then Gernot, "for host did never give + his guests such loving cheer as ye did us. This shall profit you well, and + we remain alive." + </p> + <p> + "Would to God," spake Rudeger, "most noble Gernot, that ye were on the + Rhine and I were dead with passing honor, sith I must now encounter you! + Never did friends act worse to heroes." + </p> + <p> + "Now God requite you, Sir Rudeger," answered Gernot, "for your passing + rich gifts. Your death doth rue me, if such knightly virtues shall be lost + with you. Here I bear your sword that ye gave me, good knight and true. It + hath never failed me in all this need. Many a knight fell dead beneath its + edges. It is bright and steady, glorious and good; nevermore, I ween, will + warrior give so rich a gift. And will ye not turn back, but come to meet + us, and slay aught of the friends I still have here, with your own sword + will I take your life. Then will ye rue me, Rudeger, ye and your high-born + wife." + </p> + <p> + "Would to God, Sir Gernot, that this might come to pass, that all your + will might here be done, and that your kinsmen escaped unscathed! Then + both my daughter and my wife may trust you well, forsooth." + </p> + <p> + Then of the Burgundians there spake fair Uta's son: "Why do ye so, Sir + Rudeger? Those that be come with us, do all like you well. Ye encounter us + in evil wise; ye wish to make your fair daughter a widow far too soon. If + ye and your warriors match me now with strife, how right unkindly do ye + let it appear, that I trust you well above all other men and therefore won + me your daughter to wife." + </p> + <p> + "Think on your fealty, most noble and high-born king. And God let you + escape," so spake Rudeger, "let the maiden suffer not for me. For your own + virtue's sake, vouchsafe her mercy." + </p> + <p> + "That I should do by right," spake the youthful Giselher, "but if my noble + kinsmen here within must die through you, then my steadfast friendship for + you and for your daughter must be parted." + </p> + <p> + "Now may God have mercy on us," answered the valiant man. Then they raised + their shields, as though they would hence to fight the guests in + Kriemhild's hall, but Hagen cried full loud adown the steps. "Pray tarry + awhile, most noble Rudeger," so spake Hagen; "I and my lords would fain + have further parley, as doth befit our need. What can the death of us + wanderers avail King Etzel? I stand here in a fearful plight; the shield + that Lady Gotelind gave me to bear hath been cut to pieces by the Huns. I + brought it with friendly purpose into Etzel's land. O that God in heaven + would grant, that I might bear so good a shield as that thou hast in thy + hand, most noble Rudeger! Then I should no longer need a hauberk in the + fray." + </p> + <p> + "Gladly would I serve thee with my shield, durst I offer it before + Kriemhild. Yet take it, Hagen, and bear it on thine arm. Ho, if thou + couldst only wield it in the Burgundian land!" + </p> + <p> + When he so willingly offered to give the shield, enow of eyes grew red + with scalding tears. 'T was the last gift that ever Rudeger of Bechelaren + gave to any knight. However fierce Hagen, and however stern of mood, the + gift did touch him, which the good hero, so near to death, had given. Many + a noble knight gan mourn with him. + </p> + <p> + "Now God in heaven requite you, most noble Rudeger. Your like will + nevermore be found, who giveth homeless warriors such lordly gifts. God + grant that your courtesie may ever live." Again Hagen spake: "Woe is me of + these tales, we had so many other griefs to bear. Let complaint be made to + heaven, if we must fight with friends." + </p> + <p> + Quoth the margrave: "Inly doth this grieve me." + </p> + <p> + "Now God requite you, for the gift, most noble Rudeger. Howso these + high-born warriors deport them toward you, my hand shall never touch you + in the fight, and ye slew them all from the Burgundian land." + </p> + <p> + Courteously the good Sir Rudeger bowed him low. On every side they wept, + that none might soothe this pain of heart. That was a mighty grief. In + Rudeger would die the father of all knightly virtues. + </p> + <p> + Then Folker, the minstrel, spake from out the hall: "Sith my comrade Hagen + hath made his peace with you, ye shall have it just as steadfastly from my + hand, for well ye earned it, when we came into this land. Most noble + margrave, ye shall be mine envoy, too. The margravine gave me these ruddy + arm rings, that I should wear them here at the feasting. These ye may + yourself behold, that ye may later be my witness." + </p> + <p> + "Now God of heaven grant," spake Rudeger, "that the margravine may give + you more! I'll gladly tell these tales to my dear love, if I see her in + health again. Of this ye shall not doubt." + </p> + <p> + When he had vowed him this, Rudeger raised high his shield. No longer he + bided, but with raging mood, like a berserker, he rushed upon the guests. + Many a furious blow the noble margrave struck. The twain, Folker and + Hagen, stepped further back, as they had vowed to him afore. Still he + found standing by the tower such valiant men, that Rudeger began the fight + with anxious doubts. With murderous intent Gunther and Gernot let him in, + good heroes they! Giselher stood further back, which irked him sore, in + truth. He voided Rudeger, for still he had hope of life. Then the + margrave's men rushed at their foes; in knightly wise one saw them follow + their lord. In their hands they bare their keen-edged swords, the which + cleft there many a helm and lordly shield. The tired warriors dealt the + men of Bechelaren many a mighty blow, that cut smooth and deep through the + shining mail, down to the very quick. + </p> + <p> + Rudeger's noble fellowship was now come quite within. Into the fight + Folker and Hagen sprang anon. They gave no quarter, save to one man alone. + Through the hands of the twain the blood streamed down from the helmets. + How grimly rang the many swords within! The shield plates sprang from + their fastenings, and the precious stones, cut from the shields, fell down + into the gore. So grimly they fought, that men will never do the like + again. The lord of Bechelaren raged to and fro, as one who wotteth how to + use great prowess in the fray. Passing like to a worshipful champion and a + bold did Rudeger bear him on that day. Here stood the warriors, Gunther + and Gernot, and smote many a hero dead in the fray. Giselher and Dankwart, + the twain, recked so little, that they brought full many a knight to his + last day of life. Full well did Rudeger make appear that he was strong + enow, brave and well-armed. Ho, what knights he slew! This a Burgundian + espied; perforce it angered him, and thus Sir Rudeger's death drew near. + </p> + <p> + The stalwart Gernot accosted the hero; to the margrave he spake: "It + appeareth, ye will not leave my men alive, most noble Rudeger. That irketh + me beyond all measure, no longer can I bear the sight. So may your present + work you harm, sith ye have taken from me such store of friends. Pray + address you unto me, most noble man and brave, your gift shall be paid for + as best I can." + </p> + <p> + Or ever the margrave could reach his foe, bright armor rings must needs + grow dull with blood. Then at each other sprang these honor-seeking men. + Either gan guard him against mighty wounds. So sharp were their swords, + that naught might avail against them. Then Rudeger, the knight, smote + Gernot a buffet through his helmet, the which was as hard as flint, so + that the blood gushed forth. But this the bold knight and good repaid + eftsoon. High in his hand he now poised Rudeger's gift, and though wounded + unto death, he smote him a stroke through his good and trusty shield down + to his helmet band. And so fair Gotelind's husband was done to death. + Certes, so rich a gift was never worse repaid. So fell alike both Gernot + and Rudeger, slain in the fray, through each other's hand. + </p> + <p> + Then first waxed Hagen wroth, when he saw the monstrous scathe. Quoth the + hero of Troneg: "Evil hath it fared with us. In these two men we have + taken a loss so great that neither their land nor people will e'er recover + from the blow. Rudeger's champions must answer to us homeless men." + </p> + <p> + "Alas for my brother, who hath here been done to death. What evil tales I + hear all time! Noble Rudeger, too, must ever rue me. The loss and the + grievous wounds are felt on either side." + </p> + <p> + When Lord Giselher saw his betrothed's father dead, those within the hall + were forced to suffer need. Fiercely death sought his fellowship; not one + of those of Bechelaren escaped with life. Gunther and Giselher and Hagen, + too, Dankwart and Folker, the right good knights, went to where they found + the two men lying. Then by these heroes tears of grief were shed. + </p> + <p> + "Death doth sorely rob us," spake Giselher, the youth. "Now give over your + weeping and go we bite the breeze, that the mailed armor of us storm-weary + men may cool. Certes, I ween, that God in heaven vouchsafeth us no more to + live." + </p> + <p> + This champion was seen to sit and that to lean against the wall, but all + again were idle. Rudeger's heroes lay still in death. The din had died + away; the hush endured so long, it vexed King Etzel. + </p> + <p> + "Alack for such services," spake the queen. "They be not so true, that our + foes must pay with their life at Rudeger's hands. I trow, he doth wish to + lead them back to the Burgundian land. What booteth it, King Etzel, that + we have given him whatso he would? The knight hath done amiss, he who + should avenge us, doth make his peace." + </p> + <p> + To this Folker, the full dapper knight, made answer: "This is not true, + alas, most noble queen. Durst I give the lie to such a high-born dame, + then had ye most foully lied against Rudeger. He and his champions be + cozened in this peace. So eagerly he did what the king commanded, that he + and all his fellowship lie here in death. Now look around you, Kriemhild, + to see whom ye may now command. The good Knight Rudeger hath served you to + his end. And ye will not believe the tale, we'll let you see." + </p> + <p> + To their great grief 'twas done; they bare the slain hero to where the + king might see him. Never had there happed to Etzel's men a grief so + great. When they saw the margrave borne forth dead, no scribe might write + or tell the frantic grief of men and women, which there gan show itself + from dole of heart. King Etzel's sorrow waxed so great that the mighty + king did voice his woe of heart, as with a lion's roar. Likewise did his + queen. Beyond all measure they bewailed the good Knight Rudeger's death. + </p> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + ENDNOTES: + (1) "Parlous", older English for 'perilous'. + (2) "Fey", 'doomed to death', here in the sense of 'already + slain'. See Adventure V, note 2. + (3) "Strangers", i.e., those who are sojourning there far from + home. +</pre> + <p> + <a name="link2H_4_0042"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + ADVENTURE XXXVIII. How All Sir Dietrich's Warriors Were Slain. + </h2> + <p> + On every side one heard a grief so great, that the palace and the towers + rang with the wailing. Then a liegeman of Dietrich heard it, too. How + quickly he gan haste him with the fearful tales! To the lording he spake: + "Hear, my lord, Sir Dietrich, however much I've lived to see till now, yet + heard I never such a monstrous wail, as now hath reached mine ears. I + ween, King Etzel himself hath come to grief. How else might all be so + distressed? One of the twain, the king or Kriemhild, hath sorely been laid + low by the brave strangers in their wrath. Full many a dapper warrior + weepeth passing sore." + </p> + <p> + Then spake the Knight of Borne: "My faithful men, now haste ye not too + fast. Whatever the homeless warriors may have done, they be now in mickle + need. Let it profit them, that I did offer them my peace." + </p> + <p> + At this brave Wolfhart spake: "I will hie me hence and ask for tidings of + what they have done, and will tell you then, my most dear lord, just as I + find it, what the wail may be." + </p> + <p> + Then spake Sir Dietrich: "Where one awaiteth wrath, and rude questions + then are put, this doth lightly sadden the lofty mood of warriors. In + truth, I will not, Wolfhart, that ye ask these questions of them." + </p> + <p> + Then he told Helfrich (1) to hasten thither speedily, and bade him find + from Etzel's men or from the guests themselves, what there had fortuned, + for men had never seen from folks so great a grief. The messenger gan ask: + "What hath here been done?" + </p> + <p> + At this one among them spake: "Whatever of joy we had in the Hunnish land + hath passed away. Here lieth Rudeger, slain by the Burgundians' hands; and + of those who were come with him, not one hath 'scaped alive." + </p> + <p> + Sir Helfrich could never have had a greater dole. Sorely weeping, the + envoy went to Dietrich. Never was he so loth to tell a tale. "What have ye + found for us?" quoth Dietrich. "Why weep ye so sore, Knight Helfrich?" + </p> + <p> + Then spake the noble champion: "I have good cause for wail. The + Burgundians have slain the good Sir Rudeger." + </p> + <p> + At this the hero of Berne made answer: "Now God forbid. That were a + fearful vengeance, over which the foul fiend would gloat. Wherewith hath + Rudeger deserved this at their hands? I know full well, forsooth, he is + the strangers' friend." + </p> + <p> + To this Wolfhart answered: "And have they done this deed, 'twill cost them + all their lives. 'Twould be our shame, should we let this pass, for of a + truth the hand of the good knight Rudeger hath served us much and oft." + </p> + <p> + The lord of the Amelungs bade learn it better. In bitter grief he sate him + at a window and begged Hildebrand to hie him to the strangers, that he + might find from them what had been done. The storm-brave warrior, Master + Hildebrand, (2) bare neither shield nor weapon in his hand. In courtly + wise he would hie him to the strangers; for this he was chided by his + sister's son. Grim Wolfhart spake: "And ye will go thither so bare, ye + will never fare without upbraiding; ye must return with shame. But if ye + go there armed, each will guard against that well." + </p> + <p> + Then the wise man armed him, through the counsel of youth. Or ever he was + ware, all Dietrich's warriors had donned their war-weeds and held in their + hands their swords. Loth it was to the hero, and he would have gladly + turned their mind. He asked whither they would go. + </p> + <p> + "We will hence with you. Perchance Hagen of Troneg then will dare the less + to address him to you with scorn, which full well he knoweth how to use." + When he heard this, the knight vouchsafed them for to go. + </p> + <p> + Soon brave Folker saw the champions of Berne, the liegemen of Dietrich, + march along, well armed, begirt with swords, while in their hands they + bare their shields. He told it to his lords from out the Burgundian land. + The fiddler spake: "Yonder I see the men of Dietrich march along in right + hostile wise, armed cap-a-pie. They would encounter us; I ween 'twill go + full ill with us strangers." + </p> + <p> + Meanwhile Sir Hildebrand was come. Before his feet he placed his shield, + and gan ask Gunther's men: "Alas, good heroes, what had Rudeger done you? + My Lord Dietrich hath sent me hither to you to say, that if the hand of + any among you hath slain the noble margrave, as we are told, we could + never stand such mighty dole." + </p> + <p> + Then spake Hagen of Troneg: "The tale is true. How gladly could I wish, + that the messenger had told you false, for Rudeger's sake, and that he + still did live, for whom both man and wife may well ever weep." + </p> + <p> + When they heard aright that he was dead, the warriors made wail for him, + as their fealty bade them. Over the beards and chins of Dietrich's + champions the tears were seen to run. Great grief had happened to them. + </p> + <p> + Siegstab, (3) the Duke of Berne, then spake: "Now hath come to an end the + cheer, that Rudeger did give us after our days of dole. The joy of all + wayfaring folk lieth slain by you, sir knights." + </p> + <p> + Then spake the Knight Wolfwin (4) of the Amelungs: "And I saw mine own + father dead to-day, I should not make greater dole, than for his death. + Alas, who shall now comfort the good margrave's wife?" + </p> + <p> + Angry of mood Knight Wolfhart spake: "Who shall now lead the warriors to + so many a fight, as the margrave so oft hath done? Alas, most noble + Rudeger, that we should lose thee thus!" + </p> + <p> + Wolfbrand (5) and Helfrich and Helmnot, too, with all their men bewailed + his death. For sighing Hildebrand might no longer ask a whit. He spake: + "Sir knights, now do what my lord hath sent you here to do. Give us the + corse of Rudeger from out the hall, in whom our joy hath turned to grief, + and let us repay to him the great fealty he hath shown to us and to many + another man. We, too, be exiles, just as Rudeger, the knight. Why do ye + let us wait thus? Let us bear him away, that we may yet requite the knight + in death. More justly had we done it, when he was still alive." + </p> + <p> + Then spake King Gunther: "Never was there so good a service as that, which + a friend doth do to a friend after his death. When any doeth that, I call + it faithful friendship. Ye repay him but rightly, for much love hath he + ever shown you." + </p> + <p> + "How long shall we still beseech?" spake Knight Wolfhart. "Sith our best + hope hath been laid low in death by you, and we may no longer have him + with us, let us bear him hence to where the warrior may be buried." + </p> + <p> + To this Folker made answer: "None will give him to you. Fetch ye him from + the hall where the warrior lieth, fallen in the blood, with mortal wounds. + 'Twill then be a perfect service, which ye render Rudeger." + </p> + <p> + Quoth brave Wolfhart: "God wot, sir minstrel, ye have given us great dole + and should not rouse our ire. But that I durst not for fear of my lord, ye + should all fare ill. We must perforce abstain, sith he forbade us strife." + </p> + <p> + Then spake the fiddler: "He hath a deal too much fear who doth abstain + from all that one forbiddeth him. That I call not a real hero's mood." + This speech of his war comrade thought Hagen good. + </p> + <p> + "Long not for that," answered Wolfhart, "or I'll play such havoc with your + fiddle strings, that ye'll have cause to tell the tale, when ye ride + homeward to the Rhine. I cannot brook in honor your overweening pride." + </p> + <p> + Quoth the fiddler: "If ye put out of tune my strings, then must the gleam + of your helmet grow dim from this hand of mine, however I ride to the + Burgundian land." + </p> + <p> + Then would he leap at him, but his uncle Hildebrand grasped him firmly. "I + ween, thou wouldst rage in thy silly anger. Then hadst thou lost forever + the favor of my lord." + </p> + <p> + "Let go the lion, master, he is so fierce of mood," quoth the good knight + Folker. "Had he slain the whole world with his one hand, I'll smite him, + and he come within my reach, so that he may never sing the answer to my + song." + </p> + <p> + At this the men of Berne waxed passing wroth of mood. Wolfhart, a doughty + knight and a good, snatched up his shield. Like a wild lion he ran to meet + him, swiftly followed by all his friends. But howsoever great the strides + he took towards the hall, yet did old Hildebrand overtake him at the + steps. He would not let him reach the fray before him. At the hands of the + homeless knights they later found the strife they sought. Master + Hildebrand then sprang at Hagen. In the hands of both one heard the swords + ring out. That both were angry, might be plainly seen; from the swords of + the twain streamed forth a blast of fire-red sparks. Then they were parted + in the stress of battle by the men of Berne, as their strength did bid + them. At once Hildebrand turned him away from Hagen, but stout Wolfhart + addressed him to Folker the bold. Such a blow he smote the fiddler upon + his good helmet, that the sword's edge pierced to the very helmet bands. + This the bold gleeman repaid with might; he smote Wolfhart, so that the + sparks flew wide. Enow of fire they struck from the armor rings, for each + bare hatred to the other. Then Knight Wolfwin of Berne did part them—an' + he be not a hero, never was there one. + </p> + <p> + With willing hand Gunther, the champion, greeted the heroes of the Amelung + land. Lord Giselher made many a gleaming helmet red and wet with blood. + Dankwart, Hagen's brother, a fierce man was he; whatever he had done + before to Etzel's warriors in strife was as a wind to the fury with which + bold Aldrian's son now fought. Ritschart (6) and Gerbart, Helfrich and + Wichart had spared themselves full seldom in many battle storms; this they + now made Gunther's liegemen note full well. Wolfbrand, too, was seen in + the strife bearing him in lordly wise. Old Hildebrand fought as though he + raged. At Wolfhart's hands many good knights, struck by the sword, must + needs fall dead down into the blood. Thus the bold champions and good + avenged Knight Rudeger. + </p> + <p> + Then Lord Siegstab fought as his prowess bade him. Ho, what good helmets + of his foes this son of Dietrich's sister clove in the strife! Nor might + he ever do better in the fray. When sturdy Folker espied that bold + Siegstab hewed a bloody stream from the hard armor rings, wroth of mood + the hero grew. He sprang to meet him, and Siegstab lost his life full soon + at the fiddler's hands, for Folker gave him such a sample of his art, that + he soon lay dead, slain by his sword. This old Hildebrand avenged, as his + might did bid him. + </p> + <p> + "Alas for my dear lord," spake Master Hildebrand, "who lieth here dead at + Folker's hands. Now shall the fiddler no longer live." + </p> + <p> + How might bold Hildebrand ever be fiercer? Folker he smote, so that on all + sides the clasps flew to the walls of the hall from helmet and shield of + the doughty gleeman. Thus stout Folker was done to death. At this the men + of Dietrich pressed forward to the strife. They smote so that the armor + rings whirled far and wide, and high through the air the sword-points wore + seen to fly. From the helmets they drew the warm gushing stream of blood. + When Hagen of Troneg saw Folker dead, that was the greatest sorrow, that + he had gained at the feasting in kinsman or in liegeman. Alas, how + fiercely Hagen gan venge the knight! "Now old Hildebrand shall not profit + by this deed. My helpmate lieth slain by the hero's hand, the best war + comrade that I did ever win." Higher he raised his helmet, and ran, + slashing as he went. + </p> + <p> + Stout Helfrich slew Dankwart. Loth enow it was to Gunther and Giselher, + when they saw him fall in cruel need, but with his own hands he himself + had well avenged his death. Meanwhile Wolfhart raged back and forth, + hewing alway King Gunther's men. For the third time he was come through + the hall, and many a warrior fell, struck by his hands. + </p> + <p> + Then Lord Giselher cried out to Wolfhart: "Alas, that I have ever gained + so grim a foe! Noble knight and brave, now address you unto me. I'll help + to make an end; this may be no longer." + </p> + <p> + At this Wolfhart turned him in strife to Giselher, and each smote other + many a gaping wound. He pressed so mightily toward the king, that the + blood beneath his feet spurted high above his head. With grim and fearful + blows the son of fair Uta then greeted the brave knight Wolfhart. However + strong the warrior, he might not save his life. Never could so young a + king have been more brave; Wolfhart he smote through his stout hauberk, + that his blood streamed down from the wound. Unto death he wounded + Dietrich's liegeman. None save a champion had done such deed. When brave + Wolfhart felt the wound, he let fall his shield and lifted higher in his + hand his mighty sword (sharp enow it was); through both helmet and armor + rings the hero smote Giselher. Thus each did other fiercely unto death. + </p> + <p> + Now was none left of Dietrich's men. Old Hildebrand saw Wolfhart fall; + never before his death, I ween, did such dole happen to him. The men of + Gunther all lay dead, and those of Dietrich, too. Hildebrand hied him to + where Wolfhart had fallen in the gore, and clasped in his arms the brave + knight and good. He would fain bear him from the hall, but he was a deal + too heavy, and so he must needs let him lie. Then the dying warrior looked + upward from the blood in which he lay; well he saw, that his uncle would + fain help him hence. Though wounded unto death, he spake: "Dear uncle + mine, ye may not aid me now. 'Tis well, methinks, that ye should guard you + against Hagen. A fierce mood he beareth in his heart. And if perchance my + kinsmen would mourn me after I am dead; pray tell the nearest and the + best, that they weep not for me; there is no need of that. At the hands of + a king I have met a glorious death and have also avenged me, so that the + wives of the good knights may well bewail it. If any ask you of this, ye + may boldly say, that full a hundred lie slain by my hand alone." + </p> + <p> + Then Hagen, too, bethought him of the gleeman, whom bold Hildebrand had + robbed of life. To the knight he spake: "Ye'll requite me now my sorrows. + Through your hatred ye have bereft us of many a lusty knight." + </p> + <p> + He dealt Hildebrand such a blow, that men heard Balmung ring, the which + bold Hagen had taken from Siegfried, when he slew the knight. Then the old + man warded him; in sooth he was brave enow. Dietrich's champion struck + with a broad sword, that cut full sore, at the hero of Troneg, but could + not wound King Gunther's liegeman. Hagen, however, smote him through his + well-wrought hauberk. When old Hildebrand felt the wound, he feared more + scathe at Hagen's hand; his shield he slung across his back and thus Sir + Dietrich's man escaped from Hagen, though sorely wounded. + </p> + <p> + Now of all the knights none was alive save the twain, Gunther and Hagen + alone. Dripping with blood old Hildebrand went to where he found Dietrich, + and told him the baleful tale. He saw him sitting sadly, but much more of + dole the prince now gained. He spied Hildebrand in his blood-red hauberk, + and asked him tidings, as his fears did prompt him. + </p> + <p> + "Now tell me, Master Hildebrand, how be ye so wet with your lifeblood? + Pray who hath done you this? I ween, ye have fought with the strangers in + the hall. I forbade it you so sorely, that ye should justly have avoided + it." + </p> + <p> + Then said he to his lord: "'Twas Hagen that did it. He dealt me this wound + in the hall, when I would fain have turned me from the knight. I scarce + escaped the devil with my life." + </p> + <p> + Then spake the Lord of Berne: "Rightly hath it happed you, for that ye + have broken the peace, which I had sworn them, sith ye did hear me vow + friendship to the knights. Were it not mine everlasting shame, ye should + lose your life." + </p> + <p> + "My Lord Dietrich, now be ye not so wroth; the damage to my friends and me + is all too great. Fain would we have carried Rudeger's corse away, but + King Gunther's liegemen would not grant it us." + </p> + <p> + "Woe is me of these sorrows! If Rudeger then be dead, 'twill bring me + greater dole, than all my woe. Noble Gotelind is the child of my father's + sister; alas for the poor orphans, that be now in Bechelaren." + </p> + <p> + Rudeger's death now minded him of ruth and dole. Mightily the hero gan + weep; in sooth he had good cause. "Alas for this faithful comrade whom I + have lost! In truth I shall ever mourn for King Etzel's liegeman. Can ye + tell me, Master Hildebrand, true tidings, who be the knight, that hath + slain him there?" + </p> + <p> + Quoth he: "That stout Gernot did, with might and main, but the hero, too, + fell dead at Rudeger's hands." + </p> + <p> + Again he spake to Hildebrand: "Pray say to my men, that they arm them + quickly, for I will hie me hither, and bid them make ready my shining + battle weeds. I myself will question the heroes of the Burgundian land." + </p> + <p> + Then spake Master Hildebrand: "Who then shall join you? Whatso of living + men ye have, ye see stand by you. 'Tis I alone; the others, they be dead." + </p> + <p> + He started at this tale; forsooth, he had good cause, for never in his + life had he gained so great a grief. He spake: "And are my men all dead, + then hath God forgotten me, poor Dietrich. Once I was a lordly king, + mighty, high, and rich." Again Sir Dietrich spake: "How could it hap, that + all the worshipful heroes died at the hands of the battle-weary, who were + themselves hard pressed? Were it not for mine ill-luck, death were still a + stranger to them. Sith then mine evil fortune would have it so, pray tell + me, are any of the strangers still alive?" + </p> + <p> + Then spake Master Hildebrand: "God wet, none other save only Hagen and + Gunther, the high-born king." + </p> + <p> + "Alas, dear Wolfhart, and I have lost thee too, then may it well rue me, + that ever I was born. Siegstab and Wolfwin and Wolfbrand, too! Who then + shall help me to the Amelung land? Bold Helfrich, hath he, too, been + slain, and Gerbart and Wichart? How shall I ever mourn for them in fitting + wise? This day doth forever end my joys. Alas, that none may die for very + grief!" + </p> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + ENDNOTES: + (1) "Helfrich" appears also in the "Thidreksaga", chap. 330, + where we are told that he was the bravest and courtliest of + all knights. + (2) "Master Hildebrand", see Adventure XXVIII, note 1. + (3) "Siegstab" is Dietrich's nephew. He also appears in the + "Thidreksaga", but in a different role. + (4) "Wolfwin" is mentioned in the "Klage", 1541, as Dietrich's + nephew. + (5) "Wolfbrand" and "Helmnot" appear only here. + (6) "Ritschart". With the exception of Helfrich (see Above + note 1), these names do not occur elsewhere, though one of + the sons of Haimon was called Wichart. +</pre> + <p> + <a name="link2H_4_0043"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + ADVENTURE XXXIX. How Gunther And Hagen And Kriemhild Were Slain. + </h2> + <p> + Then Sir Dietrich fetched himself his coat of mail, and Master Hildebrand + helped him arm. The mighty man made wail so sore, that the whole house + resounded with his voice. But then he gained again a real hero's mood. The + good knight was now armed and grim of mind; a stout shield he hung upon + his arm. Thus he and Master Hildebrand went boldly hence. + </p> + <p> + Then spake Hagen of Troneg: "Yonder I see Sir Dietrich coming hither; he + would fain encounter us, after the great sorrow, that hath here befallen + him. To-day we shall see, to whom one must give the palm. However strong + of body and grim of mood the lord of Berne thinketh him to be, right well + dare I match him," so spake Hagen, "an' he will avenge on us that which + hath been done him." + </p> + <p> + Dietrich and Hildebrand heard this speech, for Hagen came to where he + found the champion stand before the house, leaning against the wall. + Dietrich set his good shield upon the ground, and spake in grievous dole: + "Gunther, mighty king, why have ye so acted against me, banished man? What + have I done to you? I stand alone, bereft of all my comfort. Ye thought it + not enow of bitter need, when ye did kill Knight Rudeger, our friend. Now + ye have robbed me of all my men. Forsooth I never had wrought you heroes + sorrow such as this. Think on yourselves and on your wrongs. Doth not the + death of your kinsmen and all the hardship grieve the minds of you good + knights? Alas, what great dole Rudeger's death doth give me! Never in all + the world hath more of sorrow happed to any man. Ye thought but little on + me and on your pain. Whatsoever joy I had, that lieth slain by you. + Certes, I never can bewail my kin enow." + </p> + <p> + "Forsooth we be not so guilty," answered Hagen. "Your warriors came to + this hall in a large band, armed with care. Methinks the tale hath not + been told you rightly." + </p> + <p> + "What else should I believe? Hildebrand told me, that when my knights from + the Amelung land asked that ye should give up Rudeger's corse from out the + hall, ye did naught but mock the valiant heroes from above the steps." + </p> + <p> + Then spake the king from the Rhine: "They said, that they would fain bear + Rudeger hence, and I bade this be denied them to vex King Etzel, and not + thy men, until then Wolfhart began to rail about it." + </p> + <p> + Then the hero of Berne made answer: "Fate would have it so. Gunther, most + noble king, now through thy courtesie requite me of the wrongs, that have + happed to me from thee, and make such amends, brave knight, that I may + give thee credit for the deed. Give thyself and thy men to me as hostages, + and I will guard you, as best I may, that none here do thee aught among + the Huns. Thou shalt find me naught but good and true." + </p> + <p> + "Now God forbid," quoth Hagen, "that two knights give themselves up to + thee, that still do stand opposed to thee so doughtily and walk so + unfettered before their foes." + </p> + <p> + "Gunther and Hagen, ye should not deny me this," spake Dietrich. "Ye have + grieved my heart and mind so sore, that it were but right, and ye would + requite me. I give you my hand and troth as pledge, that I will ride with + you, home to your land. I'll lead you in all honor, or else lie dead, and + for your sakes I will forget my grievous wrongs." + </p> + <p> + "Crave this no longer," answered Hagen. "'Twere fitting, that the tale be + told of us, that two men so brave had given themselves up to you. We see + none standing by you, save Hildebrand alone." + </p> + <p> + Then up spake Master Hildebrand: "God wot, Sir Hagen, the hour will come, + when ye will gladly take the peace, if so be any offer to keep it with + you. Ye might well content you with the truce my lord doth offer." + </p> + <p> + "Forsooth I'd take the truce," quoth Hagen, "or ever I'd flee from out a + hall so shamefully as ye did, Master Hildebrand. I weened, ye could stand + better against a foe." + </p> + <p> + To this Hildebrand made answer: "Why twit ye me with that? Who was it sate + upon a shield hard by the Waskstone, (1) when Walter of Spain slew so many + of his kin? Ye, too, have faults enow of your own to show." + </p> + <p> + Then spake Sir Dietrich: "Ill doth it beseem heroes, that they should + scold like aged beldams. I forbid you, Hildebrand, to speak aught more. + Grievous wrongs constrain me, homeless warrior. Let's hear, Knight Hagen, + what ye twain did speak, ye doughty men, when ye saw me coming toward you + armed? Ye said, that ye alone would fain encounter me in strife." + </p> + <p> + "Certes, none doth deny," Knight Hagen spake, "that I will essay it here + with mighty blows, unless be, that the sword of Nibelung break in my hand. + Wroth am I, that we twain have here been craved as hostages." + </p> + <p> + When Dietrich noted Hagen's raging mood, quickly the doughty knight and + good snatched up his shield. How swiftly Hagen sprang toward him from the + steps! Loudly the good sword of Nibelung rang on Dietrich's head. Then + wist Dietrich well, that the bold knight was grim of mood. The lord of + Berne gan guard him against the fearful blows, for well he knew Hagen, the + stately knight. Balmung he also feared, a weapon stout enow. Dietrich + returned the blows at times in cunning wise, until at last he conquered + Hagen in the strife. A wound he dealt him, the which was deep and long. + Then Lord Dietrich thought him: "Thou art worn out with strife; little + honor shall I have, and thou liest dead before me. I will try, if + perchance I can force thee to be my hostage." + </p> + <p> + This he wrought with danger. His shield he let fall, great was his + strength, and clasped Hagen of Troneg in his arms. Thus the brave knight + was overcome by Dietrich. Noble Gunther gan wail thereat. Dietrich now + bound Hagen and led him to where he found the high-born queen; into her + hand he gave the bravest warrior that ever bare a sword. Then merry enow + she grew after her great dole. For very joy King Etzel's wife bowed low + before the knight. "May thy heart and body be ever blest. Thou hast well + requited me of all my woes. For this will I ever serve thee, unless be, + that death doth hinder me therefrom." + </p> + <p> + Then spake Lord Dietrich: "Pray let him live, most noble queen. And if + this still may be, how well will I requite you of that which he hath done + you! Let him not suffer, because ye see him stand here bound." + </p> + <p> + She bade Hagen then be led away to duress, where he lay locked in and + where none did see him. Gunther, the high-born king, began to call: + "Whither went the knight of Berne? He hath done me wrong." + </p> + <p> + At this Lord Dietrich went to meet him. Gunther's might was worthy of + praise; no more he bided, but ran outside the hall, and from the clashing + of the swords of the twain a mighty din arose. However much and long Lord + Dietrich's prowess had been praised, yet Gunther was so sorely angered and + enraged, for because of the grievous dole, he was his deadly foe, that men + still tell it as a wonder, that Sir Dietrich did not fall. Great were both + their prowess and their strength. The palace and the towers resounded with + the blows, when with the swords they hewed at the sturdy helmets. King + Gunther was of lordly mood, but the knight of Berne overcame him, as + happed to Hagen afore. The hero's blood was seen to ooze through the armor + rings, drawn forth by a keen-edged sword, the which Sir Dietrich bare. + Though weary, Sir Gunther had guarded him most valiantly. The lord was now + bound by Dietrich's hands. Though kings should not endure such bonds, yet + Dietrich thought, if he set free the king and his liegeman, that all they + met must needs fall dead at their hands. + </p> + <p> + Dietrich of Berne now took him by the hand and led him bound to where he + found Kriemhild. At sight of his sorrow much of her fear took flight. She + spake: "Welcome, Gunther, from the Burgundian land." + </p> + <p> + Quoth he: "I would bow before you, dear sister mine, if your greetings + were but kinder. I know you, queen, to be so wroth of mood that ye do give + me and Hagen meagre greetings." + </p> + <p> + Up spake the knight of Berne: "Most noble queen, never were such good + knights made hostages, as I have given you in them, exalted lady. For my + sake, I pray you, spare these homeless men." + </p> + <p> + She vowed she'd do it gladly. Then Sir Dietrich left the worshipful + knights with weeping eyes. Later Etzel's wife avenged her grimly; she took + the life of both the chosen heroes. To make their duress worse she let + them lie apart, so that neither saw the other, till she bare her brother's + head to Hagen. Kriemhild's vengeance on both was great enow. + </p> + <p> + Then the queen went to Hagen. In what right hostile wise she spake to the + knight: "If ye will give me back what ye have taken from me, then ye may + still go home alive to Burgundy." + </p> + <p> + Grim Hagen answered: "Thou dost waste thy words, most noble queen. + Forsooth I have sworn an oath, that I would not show the hoard, the while + and any of my lords still live; so I shall give it to none." + </p> + <p> + "I'll make an end of this," quoth the high-born wife. Then she bade her + brother's life be taken. His head they struck off, and by the hair she + bare it to the knight of Troneg. Loth enow it was to him. When sad of mind + the warrior gazed upon his master's head, he spake to Kriemhild: "Thou + hast brought it to an end after thy will, and it hath happed, as I had + thought me. The noble king of Burgundy now lieth dead, and Giselher, the + youth, and Sir Gernot, too. None knoweth of the treasure now save God and + me, and it shall ever be hid from thee, thou fiend." + </p> + <p> + Quoth she: "Ye have requited me full ill, so I will keep the sword of + Siegfried, the which my sweetheart bare, when last I saw him, in whom dole + of heart hath happed to me through you." + </p> + <p> + From the sheath she drew it, nor could he hinder her a whit. She planned + to rob the knight of life. With her hands she raised it and struck off his + head. This King Etzel saw, and sore enow it rued him. "Alack!" cried the + lording, "how lieth now dead at a woman's hands the very best of knights, + that ever came to battle or bare a shield! However much I was his foe, yet + it doth grieve me sorely." + </p> + <p> + Then spake old Hildebrand: "Forsooth it shall not boot her aught, that she + durst slay him. Whatso hap to me, and however much it may bring me to a + dangerous pass, yet will I avenge bold Troneg's death." + </p> + <p> + Hildebrand sprang in wrath towards Kriemhild. For fear of him she suffered + pain; but what might it avail her, that she shrieked so frightfully? He + dealt the queen a grievous sword-blow, the which did cut the high-born + dame in twain. Now all lay low in death whom fate had doomed. Dietrich and + Etzel then began to weep; sorely they mourned both kin and liegemen. Their + mickle honors lay there low in death; the courtiers all had grief and + drearihead. The king's high feast had ended now in woe, as joy doth ever + end in sorrow at the last. I cannot tell you, that which happed + thereafter, save that knights and ladies and noble squires were seen to + weep for the death of loving kinsmen. The tale hath here an end. This is + the Nibelungs' fall. (2) (3) + </p> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + ENDNOTES: + (1) "Waskstone", see Adventure XXXV, note 2. + (2) "Fall". The word "not", translated here "fall", means + really 'disaster', but as this word is not in keeping with + the style, "fall" has been chosen as preferable to 'need', + used by some translators. The MS. C has here "liet" instead + of "not" of A and B. + (3) The "Nibelungenlied" is continued by the so-called "Klage", + a poem written in short rhyming couplets. As the name + indicates, it describes the lamentations of the survivors + over the dead. The praises of each warrior are sung and a + messenger dispatched to acquaint Gotelind, Uta, and Brunhild + with the sad end of their kinsmen. It closes with + Dietrich's departure from Etzel's court and his return home. + Although in one sense a continuation of our poem, the + "Klage" is an independent work of no great merit, being + excessively tedious with its constant repetitions. A + reprint and a full account of it will be found in Piper's + edition of our poem, vol. I. +</pre> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <div>*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 1151 ***</div> +</body> +</html> |