initial commit of ebook 11404HEADmain

13 files changed, 11325 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6833f05
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.gitattributes
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+* text=auto
+*.txt text
+*.md text
diff --git a/11404-0.txt b/11404-0.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b5fbbe0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/11404-0.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,1674 @@
+*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 11404 ***
+
+Note: Project Gutenberg also has an HTML version of this
+      file which includes the original illustration.
+      See 11404-h.htm or 11404-h.zip:
+      (http://www.ibiblio.org/gutenberg/1/1/4/0/11404/11404-h/11404-h.htm)
+      or
+      (http://www.ibiblio.org/gutenberg/1/1/4/0/11404/11404-h.zip)
+
+
+
+
+THE MIRROR OF LITERATURE, AMUSEMENT, AND INSTRUCTION.
+
+VOL. 12, NO. 343.] SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 29, 1828. [PRICE 2d.
+
+
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+[Illustration: THE ADMIRALTY OFFICE, WHITEHALL.]
+
+
+THE ADMIRALTY-OFFICE.
+
+
+The _Admiralty Office, Whitehall_, has few pretensions to architectual
+beauty. It is, however, to use a common phrase, a _commanding_ pile, and
+its association with Britain's best bulwarks--her NAVY--renders it an
+interesting subject for representation.
+
+The Admiralty-office adjoins to the north side of the Horse Guards,
+and was erected by Ripley, in the reign of George II., on the site of
+Wallingford House. It recedes from, but communicates with, the street by
+advancing wings, and is built principally of brick. In the centre of the
+main building is a lofty portico, of the Ionic order, the taste of which
+is not entitled to much praise. It consists of four columns, and on the
+entablature is an anchor in bold relief. Here are the offices, and the
+spacious abodes of the lords commissioners of the admiralty, together
+with a handsome hall, &c. On the roof of the building is a Semaphore
+telegraph, which communicates orders by signal to the principal ports
+of the empire.
+
+But the most tasteful portion of the whole, is a stone screen, by Adams,
+in front of an open court, and facing the street. The style is
+exceedingly chaste and pleasing, and the decorations are characteristic
+naval emblems, finely executed. The representation of two ancient vessels
+in the end entablatures, merit especial notice.
+
+Since the appointment of the Duke of Clarence to the office of lord high
+admiral, the Admiralty has been the town residence of his royal highness.
+The exterior has been repaired, and the interior in part refitted. The
+screen has likewise been renovated with much care, and two of the
+entrances considerably enlarged, but with more regard to convenience than
+good taste. The portion occupied by the royal duke contains a splendid
+suite of state rooms, within whose walls have frequently been assembled
+all the bravery, as well as rank, of the empire; for the interests of the
+noble service are too dear to his royal highness to be eclipsed by the
+false lights of wealth or fashion.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+HUITAIN DE CLEMENT MAROT.
+
+(_For the Mirror_.)
+
+
+  Plus ne suis ce que j'ay esté
+  Et ne le scaurois jamais estre,
+  Mon beau printemps et mon esté
+  Ont fait le saut par la fenestre.
+  Amour! tu as esté mon maistre
+  Je t'ai servi sur tous les Dieux,
+  O si je pouvois deux fois naistre,
+  Comment je te se virois mieux!
+
+
+_Imitation_.
+
+  I am no more, what I have been
+    And ne'er again shall be so.
+  My summer bright, my spring time green,
+    Have flown out of the window.
+  Oh love, my master thou hast been,
+    I, first of gods, instal thee,
+  Oh! could I e'en be born again,
+    Thou doubly would'st enthral me.
+
+D.M.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+TEMPLE AT ABURY.
+
+(_To the Editor of the Mirror_.)
+
+
+There is an inconsistency in the account of Abury in No. 341, perhaps
+overlooked by yourself.
+
+I would ask, how could that arrangement of the fabric, so fancifully
+and ingeniously described by Stukely, be intended to represent the
+Trinity, when the place was confessedly in existence long anterior to
+Christianity? nor is there any thing in the old Druidical or Bardic
+tenets that can be twisted to any such idea.
+
+This _Abury_, with _Silbury_, is supposed to be the _Cludair Cyfrangon_,
+or _Heaped Mound of Congregations_, mentioned in the _Triads_, the
+building of which is recorded as "one of the three mighty achievements of
+the Isle of Britain;" and here were held the general assemblies of the
+Britons on religious occasions, and not at Stonehenge, as is generally
+supposed. This last place is decidedly more modern than the pile at
+_Abury_; the Welsh call it _Gwaith Emrys, (the work of Emrys_,) and it
+ranks as another of the mighty achievements of the Isle of Britain, the
+third being "the raising of the Stone of Keti," supposed to be the "_Maen
+Ceti_" at Gwyr, in Glamorganshire.
+
+The presumption that _Stonehenge_ is more modern than _Abury_ is founded
+upon the fact that Stonehenge exhibits marks of the chisel in different
+parts, while the former does not. The ancient British documents give us
+the founder of the latter, namely, _Emrys_, or _Ambrosius_, while we are
+left in ignorance as to who raised the pile of _Cyfrangon_.
+
+Nor was Stonehenge ever of such magnitude as _Abury_, the diameter of the
+former being 99 feet, whilst the latter was 1,400; the largest stones of
+the former weigh 30 tons, but the latter weigh 100 tons!
+
+_Gwaith Emrys_ was possibly more for political than religious assemblies.
+Here was held the meeting of the Britons and Saxons, when the _Plot of
+the Long Knives_ (_Twyll y Cyllyll Hirion_) was consummated, and the
+flower of the British chiefs treacherously destroyed by their pretended
+friends.
+
+Different authors have strenuously contended for giving the honour of
+supremacy to either of these places over both Britain and Gaul, in the
+days of Druidism; but Rowlands has industriously placed its chief seat in
+Anglesey.
+
+LEATHART.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+TRANSLATED EPITAPH.
+
+(_To the Editor of the Mirror_.)
+
+
+  Quod fuit esse quod est, quod non fuit esse quod esse,
+  Esse quod est non esse, quod est non, erit esse.
+
+
+As a translation of this curious epitaph (in Lavenham churchyard) which
+is formed out of two Latin words, has been requested from some of your
+readers, I send the following:--
+
+
+  What John Giles has been
+    Is what he is, (_a bachelor_.)
+  What he has not been,
+    Is what he is, (_a corpse_.)
+  To be what he is
+    Is not to be, (_a living creature_.)
+  He will have to be
+    What he is not. (_dust_.)
+
+JOSEPH MASON.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+_Another_.
+
+
+  What we have been and what we are,
+    The present and the time that's past,
+  We cannot properly compare
+    With what we are to be at last.
+
+  Tho' we ourselves have fancied forms,
+    And beings that have never been,
+  We unto something shall be turned--
+    Which we have not conceived or seen.
+
+G.H.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+MARY QUEEN OF SCOTS.
+
+(_For the Mirror_.)
+
+
+The ensuing letter, though very short, discloses one or two instances
+connected with a subject of unfading interest--the death of Mary Queen
+of Scots. It need hardly be stated, says an able writer on this subject,
+that Queen Elizabeth's conduct with respect to the execution of Mary was
+a mixture of unrelenting cruelty, despicable cowardice, and flagitious
+hypocrisy; that whilst it was the dearest wish of her heart to deprive
+her kinswoman of her existence, she attempted to remove the odium of the
+act from herself, by endeavouring to induce those to whose custody she
+was intrusted to assassinate their prisoner; that when she found she
+could not succeed, she commanded the warrant to be forwarded; and that
+when she knew it was too late to recall it, asserted that she never
+intended it should be carried into execution, threw herself into a
+paroxysm of affected rage and grief, upbraided her counsellors, and
+first imprisoned and then sacrificed the fortunes of her poor secretary,
+Davison, one of her most virtuous servants, as a victim to her own fame,
+and the resentment of the King of Scots. These damning facts in the
+character of Elizabeth are too well known to require to be dilated on;
+they have eclipsed the few noble actions of her life, and remain
+indelible spots on her reputation as a woman and a sovereign. But we
+learn from this letter the humiliating effects made by her ministers
+to appease her fury, and her implacable resolution to overwhelm the
+unfortunate Davison with the effect of her assumed, or perhaps real
+repentance. In his apology, that statesman informs us, that on the
+Friday after Mary's execution, namely, on the 10th of February, arriving
+at the court he learnt the manner in which the queen had expressed
+herself relative to the event; but being advised to "_absent himself for
+a day or two_," and being, moreover, extremely ill, he left the court,
+and returned to London. Woolley's communication being dated on _Sunday_,
+(the manuscript is so excessively badly written as to be almost
+illegible,) shows that Elizabeth did not summon her council, and evince
+her displeasure at their conduct, until Saturday, the 13th of February,
+two days after she was informed of Mary's fate. Davison had been
+attacked with a stroke of the palsy shortly before, and all he says of
+his committal is, that he was not sent to the Tower until Tuesday the
+14th, on account of his illness; though some days previous (probably on
+Saturday the 10th) the queen assembled her council.
+
+This letter also exhibits a specimen of Leicester's characteristic
+meanness; for notwithstanding that he was a party to the act of
+forwarding the warrant for Mary's death, as his name occurs among those
+of the council who signed the letters to the Earl of Shrewsbury, the earl
+marshal, and to the Earl of Kent, both of which were dated on the 3rd of
+February, 1586-7, commanding them to cause it to be put into execution,
+he took care to withdraw from court before Elizabeth performed the roll,
+which has so justly excited the scorn of posterity. It may be also
+remarked, as another example of the official duplicity of the period,
+that Sir Francis Walsingham likewise affected not to have been concerned
+in the affair of dispatching the warrant, as in his letter to Lord
+Thulstone, the secretary to King James, dated at Greenwich, on the 4th of
+March, 1586-7, less than a month afterwards, he says, "_Being absent from
+court_ when the late execution of the queen, your sovereign mother,
+happened," though we find that he signed both the letters just mentioned.
+
+G.B.
+
+_A Letter from John Woolley, clerk of the Council in the time of
+Elizabeth, to the Earl of Leicester_.
+
+To the Righte Honorable my singular good the Earle of Leycester, one of
+her Maties Most Honorable Privie Councell.
+
+RYGHTE Honorable and my moste especiall goode Lorde,--It pleased her
+M'tye yesterday night to call the lord treasurer and other of her
+councell before her into her withdrawing chamber, where she rebuked us
+all exceedingly, from our concealing from her our proceeding in the Queen
+of Scott's case; but her indignation particularlye lyghteth most upon my
+lord treasurer and Mr. Davison, who called us togeather, and delivered
+the commissione, for she protesteth she gave _expresse commandement_ to
+the contrarye, and therefore hath taken order for the committing of Mr.
+Secretary Davison to the Tower, iff she contenew in the mynd she was
+yeterday night, albeit we all kneeled upon our knees to praye her to the
+contrarye.
+
+I think your lordship happy to be absent from these broiles, and thought
+it my dewtye to lett you understand them; and so in haste I humblye take
+my leave.--At the Courte, this present Sunday,[1] 1586.
+
+Your lordship's ever most bounden,
+
+J. WOOLLEY.
+
+P.S. I have oftentimes sent unto John, your old servante, Mr. Norld, to
+pray humbly your lordship's orders for the ordering of his case; he hath
+been long in prisone, and desireth your lordship's orders for the hearing
+of his case, which it may please your lordship to express unto
+me.--_Cottonian MSS. Caligula, c. ix. fol. 168_, (_Original_.)
+
+
+    [1] 12th February, 1586-7.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+
+The Topographer
+
+
+A VISIT TO STUDLEY PARK AND FOUNTAINS ABBEY, YORKSHIRE.
+
+_With a Notice of the Roman Military Road, leading from Aldborough (the
+Isurium of the Romans,) to the North._
+
+
+  "Yet still thy turrets drink the light
+    Of summer evening's softest ray;
+  And ivy garlands, green and bright,
+    Still mantle thy decay;
+  And calm and beauteous, as of old,
+  Thy wand'ring river glides in gold."
+
+A.A. WATTS.
+
+
+Among the most attractive scenes of northern Yorkshire is Studley Park,
+renowned for the richness of its sylvan scenery, which embosoms the noble
+ruin of Fountains Abbey.
+
+For the date of my visit to this _Arcadia_, I must refer the reader to
+that season of life when the pure source of thought and feeling is
+untainted by the world. It is eleven miles from my home to Studley Park,
+five of which I walked in the twilight of a summer's evening, and slept
+at a little cottage by the way. The day had been sultry, and the moon
+rose slowly over the mounds of Maiden Bower, once the site of the noble
+mansion of the Percys, now destroyed and desolate;[2] and fell in dreary
+softness on tower and wood, illumining the sable firs of Newby Park, and
+throwing another lustre on the gaudy "gowans" that decked the adjacent
+meadow. Here was a scene for the poetic sympathy of youth:
+
+
+             "That time is past,
+  And all its giddy rapture;
+  Yet not for this faint I, nor mourn;
+  Other gifts have followed; for such loss
+  I would believe, abundant recompense."
+
+WORDSWORTH.
+
+
+The morning found me, after an early breakfast, on the road to Studley
+Park. Now there are some "moods of my own mind" in which I detest all
+vehicles of conveyance, when on an excursive tour to admire the antique
+and picturesque.--Thus what numerous attractions are presented to us,
+sauntering along the woody lane on foot, which are lost or overlooked
+in the velocity of a drive! On the declivity of a meadow, inviting our
+reflection, rises a little Saxon church, grey with antiquity, and
+solemnized by its surrounding memorials of "Here lies."--Across the
+heath, encircled with fences of uncouth stones, stands a stern record
+of feudal yore; at the next turn peeps the rectory, encircled with old
+firs, trained fruit trees, and affectionate ivy; beneath yon darkened
+thickets rolls the lazy Ure, expanding into laky broadness; and, beyond
+yon western woods, which embower the peaceful hamlet, are seen the
+"everlasting hills," across which the enterprising Romans constructed
+their road. I next passed the boundaries of Newby Park, the property of
+Lord Grantham. Here beneath enormous beeches were clustering the timid
+deer, "in sunshine remote;" and the matin songs of birds were sounding
+from the countless clumps which skirt this retreat. Within that solitude
+had I enjoyed the society of a brother, alas, now no more! and yet the
+landscape wore the same sunny smile as when I carved his name on the
+towering obelisk before him. I felt that sorrow so exquisitely described
+by _Burns_:
+
+
+  "How can ye bloom so fresh and fair;
+  How can ye chant, ye little birds,
+  And I so weary, fu' o' care."
+
+
+Leaving Rainton, a sudden rise brings you to the _Roman Military Road_,
+leading from Aldborough,[3] the Isurium of the Romans, to Inverness, in
+Scotland. This road was repaired by the Empress Heleanae, and hence the
+corruption, from her name, of Learning Lane, its present designation.
+It was laid by the Romans, with stones of immense size, which have
+frequently been dug up. The _Via Appia_, at _Rome_, which has lasted
+1,800 years, resembles it in construction. Raised considerably above the
+level of the country which it crosses, it is an object of wonder and
+interest even to the illiterate, on account of the continuous perspective
+it presents; there being no _bend_ in it for several miles. Traversing
+this noble monument of art, how are we led to think on the "strange
+mutations" which have overthrown kings and kingdoms in the period of its
+duration, whilst the road remains "like an eternity:"
+
+
+ON CROSSING THE ROMAN MILITARY ROAD, LEADING FROM ISURIUM TO THE NORTH.
+
+
+  O'er classic ground my humble feet did plod,
+    My bosom beating with the glow of song;
+    And high-born fancy walk'd with me along,
+  Treading the earth Imperial Caesar trod.
+
+  A thousand rural objects on the way
+    Had been my theme-but far-off years arose,
+    When ancient Britain bow'd beneath her foes,
+  Adding resplendence to great Caesar's day:
+
+  When sounds of Roman arms through valley rung,
+    And rose that glorious morn upon our isle,
+    No night can hide, or cloud conceal its smile,
+  That dazzling morn, which out of darkness sprung.
+    Enduring cenotaph of Roman fame--
+    More than this record of their mighty name!
+
+
+I reached the ancient town of Ripon as the bells were merrily ringing in
+the towers of its old collegiate minster, for it was the anniversary of
+its patron saint, St. Wilfred. After refreshment, and a walk of three
+miles, I arrived at _Studley Park_. The fairy effect produced on entering
+this beautiful retreat is almost indescribable. We suddenly exchange the
+field and forest scenery for all the poetry of prospect. On the right is
+a declivity clothed with laurel, and stretching far away; and on the left
+a lofty and well trimmed fence of laurel, forms a screen or curtain to
+the valley beneath; the sighing of distant woods and the dashing of
+waterfalls, break on the enraptured ear, and cause the anxious eye to
+long for some opening in the verdant shroud. Anon the valley is seen; and
+through an aperture in the laurel wall, cut in imitation of a window,
+breaks as sweet a scene as ever _Claude_ immortalized! Unwilling to
+hazard a formal description, I will merely attempt an outline. Far below,
+the silver waters of the _Skell_ meander softly amongst statues of
+tritons, throwing up innumerable fountain streams. These are masterly
+executions after the ancient sculptors, and give the scene an air of
+Grecian classicality. Around these triumphs of art, rise lofty woods of
+graceful birch, varied by dark fir, and interspersed with erections of
+Roman and Gothic design. It is in the contemplation of these beauties
+that fancy recalls the mythology of rocky woods, peopled with Dryads and
+Fauns. Passing by a circuitous path to the other side of this Eden, by
+sloping walks shaded with ilex, ancient oak, sycamore, cypress, and bay,
+we have a view of the extent of the valley, terminating with the ruins of
+_Fountains Abbey_, and flanked by rocks, wildly overgrown with shrubs;
+and before us, seen more distinctly, are the statues of _Hercules_ and
+_Antaeus_, and a _Dying Gladiator_--the Temple of Piety, in which are
+bronze busts of Titus Vespasian and Nero, and a fine bas-relief of the
+Grecian Daughter. In front of this temple the water assumes a variety of
+fantastical forms, ornamented at different points by statues of Neptune,
+Bacchus, Roman Wrestlers, Galatea, &c. The banqueting-house contains a
+Venus de Medicis, and a painting of the Governor of Surat, on horseback,
+in a Turkish habit; on the front of this building are spirited figures
+of Envy, Hatred, and Malice. From the octagon tower, Mackershaw Lodge
+and Wood are seen to great advantage; and from the Gothic temple, the
+dilapidated abbey is an object of striking solemnity; whilst an opening
+in the distance shows the venerable towers of Ripon Minster.
+
+Wandering eastward, we arrive at the precincts of Fountains Abbey, which
+gradually presents its monastic turrets midway in a dell, skirted by
+hills crowned with trees, and varied by rocky slopes to the brook. This
+abbey was founded in consequence of the disgust which certain monks of
+the Benedictine order at St. Mary's, York, had imbibed against their
+_relaxed_ discipline; when struck with the famed austerities of the monks
+of Rievaulx, they left their abode, and retired to this valley, under the
+shade of seven yew trees, six of which were (in 1818) standing. The abbey
+was destroyed in the reign of Stephen, and rebuilt in 1204.[4] The
+present ruin is celebrated for the sublimity of its architecture, many
+parts of which are as perfect as when first erected. The tower is 160
+feet in height, and is a fine specimen of Gothic, in its best taste. It
+may with safety be asserted, that no church or abbey in England can boast
+of such an elegant elevation. The cloisters, 270 feet in length, and
+divided by 19 pillars and 20 arches, extend across the rivulet, which
+is arched over to support them; and near to the south end is a large
+circular stone basin. This almost subterranean solitude is dimly lighted
+by lancet windows, which are partially obscured by oaks, beeches, and
+firs; and the gloom is heightened by the brook beneath, which may be seen
+stretching its way through the broken arches. The only tomb in the church
+is that of a cross-legged knight, which lies near the grand tower, and
+represents one of the Mowbrays, who died at Ghent, in 1297. Near the
+altar is a stone coffin, in which, according to Dugdale, Lord Henry
+Percy was interred in 1315. Contiguous to the church is an extensive
+quadrangular court, which has been converted into a flower garden. On
+the east side is a line of beautiful arches, under one of which is the
+entrance to the chapter-house, a weed-grown solitude of deadly silence--
+
+
+        "Where the full-voiced choir
+  Lie, with their hallelujahs, quench'd like fire."
+
+
+In 1791, by the removal of some fragments of ruin in the chapter-house,
+the sepulchres of several of the abbots were discovered; but the
+inscriptions were obliterated. Over the chapter-house were the library
+and scriptorium. The architecture or Fountains Abbey is mixed; in some
+parts are seen the sharp-pointed windows, in others the circular arches.
+The great eastern window is indescribably magnificent, being 23 feet in
+width. There has been a central tower, which has long since fallen to
+decay. The sanctum sanctorum is 131 feet in length; over one of its
+eastern windows is the figure of an angel holding a scroll, dated 1283.
+The total length of the church is 358 feet. On the north side of the
+quadrangular court is the refectory, which was supported by large pillars,
+and adjoining it is the reading gallery, where portions of the Scriptures
+were delivered to the monks whilst at their meals; by the side of it are
+the kitchen and scullery, the former remarkable for its spacious arched
+fire place. Over the refectory was the dormitory, which contained 40
+cells; and under the crumbling steps leading to it is the porter's lodge.
+Near to the refectory are the remains of the abbot's chambers.
+
+But adieu to the waning glory of Fountains Abbey and the receding towers
+of Ripon Minster, while retracing my path of yesterday morning. I must
+linger awhile on the Roman way, where antiquity maintains her supremacy
+in spite of the war of time, and where the earth looks immutable. Now the
+groves of Newby Park re-appear with their "sylvan majesty," creating
+unutterable sympathies; for the wind that bows the surrounding branches
+moves me to weep for that romantic spirit whose ashes moulder on the
+shores of India, where
+
+
+  "When the sun's noon-glory crests the wave,
+  He shines, without a shadow on his grave."
+
+
+* * H.
+
+
+    [2] Here Henry Percy, the fourth Earl of Northumberland, was
+        murdered by an infuriated mob, in the fourth year of Henry
+        VII.; he having, as lord lieutenant of the county, levied a
+        tax on the people by order of his sovereign, for carrying on
+        the war in Bretague. Skelton, poet-laureat to Henry VIII.
+        lamented his death in some elegiac lines.
+
+    [3] Aldburgh, or Aldborough, so called by the Normans, was the
+        Iseur of the Ancient Britons, and the Isurium of the Romans.
+        Perhaps there is not another Roman city, not even excepting
+        York, where so many antiquities have been discovered. The
+        opening of ancient baths, burial vaults, &c. has led to
+        the finding of tesselated pavements, coins, urns, rings,
+        lachrymatories, seals, monumental inscriptions, medals,
+        statues, chains, sacrificing vessels, &c. It is to be lamented
+        that modern ignorance and barbarity are fast obliterating all
+        traces of the Roman walls of Isurium; their foundations having
+        been dug up for the mercenary purpose of obtaining their
+        materials. We cannot sufficiently censure such irreverence to
+        "hoar antiquity," or the contracted and grovelling ideas
+        which actuate such village Vandals.
+
+    [4] The following letter was addressed by Layton, one of the
+        emissaries of the Dissolution, to Lord Cromwell, at the
+        Reformation:--
+
+        "Please your worship to understand that the Abbot of Fountaynes
+        hath so greatly dilapidated his house, wasted ye woods,
+        notoriously keeping six ------; and six days before our coming,
+        he committed theft and sacrilege, confessing the same; for at
+        midnight he caused the chapleyne to stele the keys of the secton,
+        and took out a jewel, a cross of gold with stones; one _Warren_,
+        a goldsmith of the Chepe, was with him in his chamber at the
+        hour, and there they stole out a great emerode with a rubye, the
+        said _Warren_ made the Abbot believe the rubye was a garnet,
+        and so for that he paid nothing for the emerode, but £20. He
+        sold him also plate, without weight or ounces.
+
+        "Subscribed, your poor Priest
+        and faithful servant,
+        R. LAYTON."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+
+THE ANECDOTE GALLERY
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+PALEY.
+
+
+Paley would employ himself in his Natural Theology, and then gather his
+peas for dinner, very likely gathering some hint for his work at the same
+time. He would converse with his classical neighbour, Mr. Yates, or he
+would reply to his invitation that he could not come, for that he was
+busy knitting.  He would station himself at his garden wall, which
+overhung the river, and watch the progress of a cast-iron bridge in
+building, asking questions of the architect, and carefully examining
+every pin and screw with which it was put together. He would loiter along
+a river, with his angle-rod, musing upon what he supposed to pass in the
+mind of a pike when he bit, and when he refused to bite; or he would
+stand by the sea-side, and speculate upon what a young shrimp could mean
+by jumping in the sun.
+
+With the handle of his stick in his mouth, he would move about his garden
+in a short hurried step, now stopping to contemplate a butterfly, a
+flower, or a snail, and now earnestly engaged in some new arrangement of
+his flower-pots.
+
+He would take from his own table to his study the back-bone of a hare, or
+a fish's head; and he would pull out of his pocket, after a walk, a plant
+or stone to be made tributary to an argument. His manuscripts were as
+motley as his occupations; the workshop of a mind ever on the alert;
+evidences mixed up with memorandums for his will; an interesting
+discussion brought to an untimely end by the hiring of servants, the
+letting of fields, sending his boys to school, reproving the refractory
+members of an hospital; here a dedication, there one of his children's
+exercises--in another place a receipt for cheap soup. He would amuse his
+fire side by family anecdotes:--how one of his ancestors (and he was
+praised as a pattern of perseverance) separated two pounds of white and
+black pepper which had been accidentally mixed--_patiens pulveris_, he
+might truly have added; and how, when the _Paley arms_ were wanted,
+recourse was had to a family tankard which was supposed to bear them, but
+which he always took a malicious pleasure in insisting had been bought at
+a sale--
+
+
+  ----------Haec est
+  Vita solutorum miserâ ambitione gravique;
+
+
+the life of a man far more happily employed than in the composition of
+political pamphlets, or in the nurture of political discontent. Nay,
+when his friend Mr. Carlyle is about going out with Lord Elgin to
+Constantinople, the very headquarters of despotism, we do not perceive,
+amongst the multitude of most characteristic hints and queries which
+Paley addresses to him, a single fling at the Turk, or a single hope
+expressed that the day was not very far distant when the Cossacks would
+be permitted to erect the standard of liberty in his capital.
+
+I will do your visitation for you (Mr. Carlyle was chancellor of the
+diocese,) in case of your absence, with the greatest pleasure--it is
+neither a difficulty nor a favour.
+
+Observanda--1. Compare every thing with English and Cumberland scenery:
+e.g., rivers with Eden, groves with Corby, mountains with Skiddaw; your
+sensations of buildings, streets, persons, &c. &c.; e.g., whether the
+Mufti be like Dr. ----, the Grand Seignior, Mr. ----.
+
+2. Give us one day at Constantinople minutely from morning to night--what
+you do, see, eat, and hear.
+
+3. Let us know what the common people have to dinner; get, if you can,
+a peasant's actual dinner and bottle; for instance, if you see a man
+working in the fields, call to him to bring the dinner he has with him,
+and describe it minutely.
+
+       *        *        *        *        *
+
+4. The diversions of the common people; whether they seem to enjoy their
+amusements, and be happy, and sport, and laugh; farm-houses, or any thing
+answering to them, and of what kind; same of public-houses, roads.
+
+5. Their shops; how you get your breeches mended, or things done for you,
+and how (i.e. well or ill done;) whether you see the tailor, converse
+with him, &c.
+
+6. Get into the inside of a cottage; describe furniture, utensils, what
+you find actually doing.
+
+All the stipulations I make with you for doing your visitation is, that
+you come over to Wearmouth soon after your return, for you will be very
+entertaining between truth and lying. I have a notion you will find books,
+but in great confusion as to catalogues, classing, &c.
+
+7. Describe minutely how you pass one day on ship-board; learn to take
+and apply lunar, or other observations, and how the midshipmen, &c, do it.
+
+8. What sort of fish you get, and how dressed. I should think your
+business would be to make yourself master of the middle Greek. My
+compliments to Bonaparte, if you meet with him, which I think is very
+likely. Pick up little articles of dress, tools, furniture, especially
+from low life--as an actual smock, &c.
+
+9. What they talk about; company.
+
+10. Describe your impression upon first seeing things; upon catching the
+first view of Constantinople; the novelties of the first day you pass
+there.
+
+In all countries and climates, nations and languages, carry with you the
+best wishes of, dear Carlyle,
+
+Your affectionate friend,
+
+W. PALEY.
+
+_Quarterly Review_.
+
+       *        *        *        *        *
+
+
+
+
+SPIRIT OF DISCOVERY.
+
+       *        *        *        *        *
+
+
+_The Tea Plant_.
+
+The tea leaf is plucked from the plant by the manufacturers at _three_
+periods during the spring, which crops they call, in their technical
+phrase, the head, or first spring; the second spring; and the third
+spring. The quality of the tea varies according to the time of the
+plucking. The young and tender leaves of course make finer tea than tough
+and old ones.--_Asiatic Register_.
+
+
+_Portsmouth Literary and Philosophical Society_.
+
+We have been much interested with the report of this Society for 1827-8,
+and we are happy to record the prosperity of the establishment. Some
+of the lectures, especially those on Geology, or Mineralogy, are very
+attractive; and in the curator's report, we notice that the Museum,
+previously rich in fossil organic remains, has been enriched by numerous
+donations in this department, during the past session. The entire number
+of specimens in the Museum is upwards of 9,000.
+
+We have not been at Portsmouth for these three years, and till we saw
+this report, were not aware that the State Chambers, lately on the
+Platform Battery, had been pulled down towards the close of last year.
+The building was of some interest. It was of stone, with walls of
+considerable thickness, and square vaults below, descending to a level
+with the parade, and used at different periods as dungeons. The part on
+which the vane stood, was erected in the reign of Queen Elizabeth, and
+the other part was built in the time of Charles II., whose name, with the
+date, was on a marble slab above the doorway. Of late years the building
+had been modernized and used as a signal-house and subscription
+reading-room. If we are not mistaken, the edifice had often been much
+injured by the encroachments of the sea, and probably this led to its
+removal.
+
+
+_Conversations on Geology_.
+
+We notice with much pleasure a handsome volume under the above popular
+title, which represents that delightful science in the very attractive
+form of a series of dialogues between a mother and her children.
+The Huttonian and Wernerian systems and the Mosaic Geology, are here
+familiarly explained, and illustrative phenomena and recent discoveries
+glanced at in the progress of the conversations. How much more profitable
+are such family recreations than sitting hours over spotted pieces of
+paper, counting the pips of dice, or simpering over fashionable novels
+and tales of scandal run mad. Bookish families are usually the happiest,
+at least if we rightly estimate the term. In an early number we shall
+endeavour to find some portion of these "Conversations" for our columns.
+
+
+"_Arcana of Science for_ 1829."
+
+This work will appear early in January. It will be on the same plan as
+the volume of last year, and will contain at least _thirty engravings_,
+on copper and wood. The _mechanical_ department is unusually copious, and
+there are some abstracts in the _chemical_, which are of high value.
+
+
+_Rice_.
+
+Trials have recently been made to grow the dry rice of China in Italy;
+and it is expected that in time an advantageous cultivation of it may be
+introduced in France.
+
+
+_Turf_.
+
+A correspondent of a French work on gardening thinks that green turf may
+be obtained in France by trenching the ground, freeing it from stones,
+covering the surface with two or three inches of rich compost, and then
+laying on the turf. The improved soil, he thinks, will retain moisture
+sufficient to keep the turf growing all the summer, and, consequently,
+green.
+
+
+_Garden of the Hesperides_.
+
+Lieutenant Beachey, in his _Travels in Cyrene_, recently published, has
+thrown some curious light on the ancient account of these celebrated
+gardens. It appears, that, like many other wonders, ancient and modern,
+when reduced to simple truth, they are little more than common
+occurrences. Baron Humboldt and Mr. Bullock have reduced the floating
+gardens of Mexico to mud banks, with ditches between; and lieutenant
+Beachey makes it appear, that the gardens of the Hesperides are nothing
+more than old stone quarries, the bottoms of which have been cultivated.
+
+
+_Preparation of Cinnamon_.
+
+The rough bark is first scraped off with knives, and then, with a
+peculiar instrument, the inner rind is stripped off in long slips; these
+are tied up in bundles, and put to dry in the sun, and the wood is
+sold for fuel. The operation was thus explained to bishop Heber by the
+cinnamon peelers; but in the regular preparation, the outer bark is not
+scraped off; but the process of fermentation, which the strips undergo
+when tied up in large quantities, removes the coarse parts. The peelers
+are called Chaliers.
+
+
+_Power of the Sun's Rays_.
+
+Mr. Mackintosh, contractor for the government works at Stonehouse Point,
+Devon, lately had to descend in the diving-bell with workmen to lay the
+foundation of a sea wall. The machine is fitted with convex glasses, in
+the upper part, to serve the purpose of windows; and Mr. Mackintosh
+states, that on several occasions, in clear weather, he has witnessed the
+sun's rays so concentrated by the circular windows, as to burn the
+labourers' clothes, when opposed to the focal point, and this when the
+machine was twenty-five feet under the surface of the water!--_From the
+MS. Journal of the Bristol Nursery Library_.
+
+
+_The Cowslip and Polyanthus_.
+
+By sowing the seed of the wild cowslip in the garden, a number of
+varieties will be produced, some of which have flowers of a beautiful
+bright red colour. May not this process be the first step towards the
+formation of our garden polyanthus? if that be not, as is generally
+supposed, a variety of the primrose, rather than of the cowslip.--_Gard.
+Mag_.
+
+
+_French Method of making Coffee_.
+
+The principal points are these:--The coffee,--_Turkey or
+Bourbon_,--should be roasted only till it is of a _cinnamon colour_, and
+closely covered up during the process of roasting. In France this is done
+in closed iron cylinders, turned over a fire by a handle, like a
+grindstone. The coffee should be coarsely ground soon after it is roasted,
+but not until quite cool: some think its _aroma_ is better preserved by
+beating in a mortar, but this is tedious. The proportions for _making
+coffee_ are usually _one pint of boiling water to two and a half ounces
+of coffee_. The coffee being put into the water, the coffee-pot should be
+covered up, and left for two hours surrounded with hot cinders, so as to
+keep up the temperature, without making the liquor boil. Occasionally
+stir it, and after two hours' infusion, remove it from the fire, and
+allow it a quarter of an hour to settle, and when perfectly clear, decant
+it. Isinglass, or hartshorn shavings, are sometimes used to clarify
+coffee; but by this addition you lose a great portion of its delicious
+aroma.
+
+Coffee in England is generally _over-roasted_, and to this fault arise
+all the inconveniences which are so often attributed to coffee, but which,
+in reality, are produced by the imperfect modes of its preparation.--_From
+the Coffee-Drinker's Manual, translated from the French_.
+
+
+_Ivy_.
+
+Attached to the officers' barracks at Winchester, is a very fine
+specimen of ivy; its trunk has been severed off to a height of more than
+two feet from the ground, yet it has for years continued in healthy
+vegetation.--_Gard. Mag_.
+
+
+_Parasite Sycamore_.
+
+In Kinmel Park, Denbighshire, is an oak tree, which, twenty or thirty
+years ago, lost one of its largest branches by the wind, and a partial
+decay was the consequence; a key from a neighbouring sycamore fell into
+the fracture, which, vegetating, has formed for the old mutilated oak a
+new head. This parasite appears to have so completely seated itself, that,
+though the place of its first lodgment is twelve feet from the ground, it
+is thought that its roots will very soon penetrate to the earth, and at
+last destroy its venerable nurse.--_Ibid_.
+
+
+_Turpentine_.
+
+Common turpentine is the produce of the Scotch pine. Trees with the
+thickest bark, and which are most exposed to the sun, generally yield the
+most turpentine. The first incision is made near the foot of the tree,
+and as the resin flows most abundantly in hot weather, the operations are
+begun about the end of May, and continued to September. The juice is
+received into holes dug in the ground, is afterwards taken out with iron
+ladles, poured into pails, and removed to a hollow trunk, capacious
+enough to hold three or four barrels. _Essential oil of turpentine_ is
+obtained by distillation. _Common resin_ is the residuum of the process
+for obtaining the essential oil. _Tar_ is obtained from the roots and
+other parts of old trees. _Med. Botany_.
+
+
+_Gum Arabic_.
+
+The purest and finest gum arabic is brought in caravans to Cairo, by the
+Arabs of the country round Mounts Tor and Sinai, who bring it from this
+distance on the backs of camels, sown up in bags, and often adulterated
+with sand, &c. The gum exudes spontaneously from the bark and trunk of
+the branches of the tree, in a soft, nearly fluid state, and hardens by
+exposure to the air, or heat of the sun. It begins to flow in December,
+immediately after the rainy season, near the flowering time of the tree.
+Afterwards, as the weather becomes hotter, incisions are made through the
+bark, to assist the transudation of the juice.--_Ibid_.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+
+SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+RECOLLECTIONS OF A R*T.
+
+_Written by Himself_.
+
+_From Blackwood's Magazine._
+
+
+This is a pleasant piece of satire upon the _autobiographic_ mania of
+the present day. The original article extends to twenty pages, and is
+throughout a masterly graphic sketch. We have marked a few extracts,
+which we shall endeavour to connect.
+
+
+  "A R--t! a R--t! clap to the door."
+
+POPE.
+
+
+As I intend to write the following pages entirely for my own amusement,
+and as they will most probably never meet the eye of mortal man,
+who alone can decipher them, it is unnecessary for me to make any
+observations on the doctrine of metempsychosis, to which indeed my reader
+(if there shall ever be one) may perhaps not be inclined to give implicit
+belief. It is unnecessary for me, therefore, to begin by alluding to my
+former visit to this earth. I shall not even hint, whether if it ever
+took place, it was in antediluvian ages, or during the Babylonian,
+Grecian, or Roman glory; or in more modern times. Be assured, however,
+gentle reader, (if any there ever be,) that I have the faculty of
+observation--that I have seen many generations of men--that I have been
+in almost every corner of the habitable world, and that I am intimately
+acquainted with the history of mankind.--(Sir Walter Scott's Novels I
+have listened to with the greatest attention!)--I have eat opium in
+Constantinople--garlic in Italy--potatoes in Ireland. I have dabbled my
+whiskers in Guava jelly--have drunk rack at Delhi, and at New South Wales
+I have enjoyed the luxuries of Kangaroo soup and Opossum gravy. I have
+been at the Highland-moors with young Englishmen--at Melton with young
+Scotsmen, and at bathing-quarters with old dowagers and their daughters.
+I have travelled in all ways--by seas--by land--on foot--on horseback--in
+a carriage--in a ship--in a palanquin--in a muff; but the motion of the
+camel I never could bear, it so jolted my poor old bones, and discomposed
+my whole body. India never agreed well with me. The insects, not to
+mention the serpents, annoyed me. The heat made me quite bilious; and,
+indeed, I began to feel my liver affected. And however partial I
+naturally was to perfumes, I soon had a great dislike to the strong smell
+of musk, which I felt about myself, and which, as I observe every
+historian agrees, very soon begins to appear in all of my species who
+reside for any time in India. Musk should not of itself be disagreeable;
+but to have it constantly below one's nose, and to have every thing you
+touch smelling of it, you may easily conceive must be very annoying.
+
+The Count de Buffon, whom we reckon one of our best historians, I see,
+says we are an omnivorous animal, and that we only seem to prefer hard
+substances to those which are tender or succulent. In this, however, he
+is mistaken; at least I can answer for myself. I know, for my part, I
+prefer mulligatawney and a tender young chicken, to an old pair of boots
+or a well-picked bone.
+
+I have the misfortune, my reader, whoever you may be, to belong to a
+race to which you have an aversion; I may say a perfect horror. I am a
+wretched proscribed animal. A lady would faint at the sight of me; and if
+I should merely run across a room, a whole legion of boys and footmen
+would be after me; and if they should kill me, they themselves, and I am
+afraid every other person, would give them credit for doing a meritorious
+action. But, gentle reader, our character is worse than it should be.
+Although we never received any kindness from man, I am sure I can answer
+for myself, at least, I have not very often done him mischief for
+mischief's sake; and do remember that I did not choose my own form, and
+that perhaps I am now doomed to animate it from the contempt and cruelty,
+with which, in better days, I may have used the species. But I moralize,
+and this does not well suit my present condition. You may think it as
+ridiculous an idea as an oyster in love, which, I remember, used to
+tickle my fancy. I must only for one moment be allowed to observe, that
+man bestows far too much care and attention on that green-eyed monster,
+which I do detest--I mean the cat. If we were caressed and made much of
+like it, and half so carefully attended to, I am sure we would make a
+much better return, and be truly grateful and attached. My friend Buffon
+seems perfectly to understand their character, and I must be allowed to
+quote a sentence or two from him, which I know will be much more credited
+than any thing I could myself say. "They possess," says he, "an innate
+malice, and perverse disposition, which increase as they grow up, and
+which education teaches them to conceal, but not to subdue. From
+determined robbers, the best education can only convert them into
+flattering thieves, for they have address, subtlety, and desire of
+plunder." ... "They easily assume the habits of society, but never
+acquire its manners, for they have only the appearance of attachment and
+friendship." And again he says, "the cat appears to have no feelings
+which are not interested--to have no affection which is not conditional--
+and to carry on no intercourse with man, but with the view of turning it
+to his own advantage. Even the tamest are under no subjection, for they
+act merely to please themselves."
+
+The dog is a very different animal. He is really attached to his master,
+and only lives to serve him. A dog is a perfect gentleman, and I love to
+fight with gentlemen.
+
+The Apostle Paul, in his Epistle to the Philippians, says,--"Beware of
+dogs!" c. iii. v. 2. Now, I cannot help always having thought, that he
+must have meant cats. It is very easy to suppose the Greek word "[Greek:
+kunas]," may have crept in instead of "[Greek: galas]" and this, indeed,
+is I believe, corroborated by the folio manuscript copy of the Bible, of
+1223, in the British Museum.
+
+Our race is generally said to have come from some of the islands in the
+Levant, or according to others, from Sweden; but I can ascertain with
+certainty, that my family came to France along with the Huns, and that my
+immediate ancestors came over to England with William the Conqueror, in
+1066. I consider my blood, therefore, as purely British as any of the
+inhabitants of the island. There is a tradition among us, that the
+descendants of the pair who cruised with old Noah, settled in the north
+of Asia, and that we were to be found no where else for about 500 years
+afterwards. As to this, however, I do not pretend to speak with certainty;
+but one thing I know, that wherever man is seen to inhabit, we are to be
+found--wherever he goes, we attend him. We sent out parties to make
+discoveries with Vasquez de Gama, Dampier, Anson, and Cook, and although
+we English gentlemen (who have no blood-relationship with the Norwegians)
+are known to have such a natural abhorrence at cold, the love of science
+prevailed, and a strong party were sent to the frozen seas with Ross,
+Lyon, and Parry. Pontoppidan sagely observes, that "neither the wood nor
+water R*ts can live farther north than Norway; that there are several
+districts, as that of Hordenvor, in the diocese of Bergen, and others in
+the diocese of Aggerhum, where no R*ts are to be found; and that the R*ts
+on the south banks of the Vormen soon perish, when carried to the north
+side of it." But we do not reckon Mr. Pontoppidan a historian implicitly
+to be believed, and indeed the Admiralty took such care of us, that we
+might have remained for years at the Pole itself, without even having the
+toothache!
+
+We always accompany the first visiters of countries, and when they take
+possession for their king, we do so for ourselves; and without being put
+to much trouble in carrying out stores, we have always the best and the
+pick of every thing. Often have I laughed at the pains man took to
+preserve his property from man. Stone and iron are made to do their
+best-armed sentries walking night and day--when all the time I have,
+with the coolest composure, been daily wallowing in the best of every
+thing. Nature abhors a vacuum, and will not allow us to starve,
+especially in the midst of plenty; but I may safely say, that I never
+wantonly destroyed, and, if possible, have always preferred the rich
+man's store.
+
+Before the flood, as the cave of Yorkshire no doubt proves, we were to be
+found in this island--but upon this subject I shall not enter at present.
+Probably what is now Britain, was not then an island--I leave this,
+however, to wiser heads!
+
+In the beginning of the year ----, my parents accompanied the baggage of
+the ---- Dragoon Guards to Scotland. They told me they came in the carts
+with the sergeants' wives, as being the most comfortable. I was born
+above one of the stables on the east side of the court of Piershill
+barracks, or as I used to hear the soldiers then call it, "Jock's Lodge,"
+which is within a mile and a half of Edinburgh. My father was a kind,
+sensible gentleman, and was much esteemed by all his friends; and I
+sincerely forgive him for the great desire, and the many attempts he made
+to eat me up. It was a natural instinct, and poor fellow, he could not be
+blamed for it. If he had succeeded, it would have saved me many vexations
+and trials, but my poor mother thought otherwise; and I am sure she
+fought most valiantly with my father whenever he made any attempt of the
+kind.
+
+[He might, perhaps, have lived and died in the barracks where he was born,
+had it not been for his miraculous escape from a _hunt_ by the officers
+of the dragoons. A few nights afterwards a large band of R*ts made an
+excursion of several miles, and in returning, remained for a day or two
+at Leith. "It being a sea-port, they met with some of their own species
+from all parts of the world, the language of most of whom they could not
+understand."--He travels in the pocket of a captain to Edinburgh. His
+adventures in this city are very amusing. He next sails for Holland.]
+
+We set sail in a few days with a fair wind down the Frith, and soon left
+the Bass and the May behind us. I must confess, I was a little afraid,
+when, for the first time, I was out of sight of land. It is a dismal
+thought to have nothing but sea and sky around, and only a frail plank
+between us and the fathomless depths of ocean. This was my first voyage;
+but many a day and month and year have I spent on the water since that
+time.
+
+I was a little squeamish or so for the first day, but nothing like some
+of our passengers. The great secret I have always found, is to eat plenty,
+and drink a little brandy; that is much better than all your quack
+receipts.
+
+We had a dog on board, but he was a lazy, mangy fellow, and gave us
+little trouble. The wind continued favourable, and on the sixth evening,
+the lights of Goeree and Helvoetsluis were visible. Some of the
+passengers left us at the latter town; but I merely went ashore and took
+a rapid look of the streets, and of the guard-ship, which was in the Dock
+in the centre of the town, and returned to the smack by the captain's
+boat. I saw rather a curious scene on board the man-of-war. Some of her
+men had been engaged in a row the previous night, and were sentenced to
+be flogged. After being stripped, they seemed to dip each man in the
+water before commencing the more disagreeable part of the operation. If I
+had not been in such a hurry, I should certainly have made bold to have
+carried a biscuit to a poor little midshipman, who was condemned to
+remain twelve hours at the mast-head for some nonsense or other, and who
+looked most miserably cold.
+
+Mynheer is certainly a strange fat-bottomed animal after all. His pipe
+never seems to be out of his mouth, nor his hands out of his pockets. The
+pilots who came on board, with their very little hats, their immense wide,
+short breeches, and large wooden shoes, surprised me not a little. The
+Dutch get the credit of being very cleanly, but I cannot say much as to
+that, in their persons at least. The Bad Huis, or Bath Hotel, which is on
+the Boom Keys, the best street in Rotterdam, was recommended to me as the
+only one a gentleman could go to, and there accordingly I and four of the
+passengers took up our quarters.
+
+Upon the whole, there did not appear much to be seen in the town. The
+inhabitants seemed more an eating and drinking sort of people than any
+thing else. Their ferries through the town are a very great nuisance,
+as one cannot always have a doit about them; and a surly, brown, Dutch
+rascal at one time had the impudence to stop me till I had to borrow
+from a friend. The statue of Erasmus is a shabby concern.
+
+A party were intending, I found, to make a trip along the Rhine; so
+I thought I could not do better than join them. We went by the Hague,
+Haarlem, and Amsterdam. With the last, I was much disappointed. They say
+it contains 200,000 human inhabitants, but it has not even a tolerable
+hotel. The famous Haarlem tulip gardens, I of course visited,
+particularly those of Van Eeden. I wonder what the fools could see in
+tulips, who gave 10,000 guilders for one root. The organ is certainly
+very fine; but it nearly cracked the drum of my ears.
+
+When at Amsterdam, I was nearly carried off to Archangel, which would, at
+the time, have been rather a bore indeed. After a grand let-off, given by
+a rich burgo-master, to which my friends got me a special invitation, I
+incautiously exceeded in the curaçoa, of which I did not at all then know
+the strength. The vessel put to sea, and I had enough to do to secure
+my retreat in the pilot boat. From Amsterdam we proceeded in a curious,
+large diligence to Utrecht, and from that to Cologne. We had twelve
+(human) passengers inside, who smoked the whole time without intermission.
+I, as well as all my species, are most partial to perfumes, and I did not
+therefore fail to visit the representative of Signior Jean Marie Farina
+in his shop, No. 4568, à la rue haute à Cologne. Nothing struck me
+particularly in this town of Cologne. The streets are very narrow, and
+seemed dull enough. To be sure, the principal one, which is said to be a
+German league in length, is rather fine. The old convent of the Ladies of
+St. Ursula, is curious at least. They show you in it the bones of 11,000
+virgins, who they say were murdered by the Huns at the time of their
+invasion, when they destroyed the town. I might easily have had a taste
+of them; but I had no fancy for such antiquated old maids. In the
+Cathedral, or Dom, as they call it, you see the tomb of the three famous
+kings of Cologne, and the gold and silver chests which contain the bones
+of the Holy Engelberth. I don't think, in the whole town, there is any
+thing else worth the trouble of looking at. The hotel "Le Prince Charles,"
+I found tolerably comfortable: there is a good French cook, but he is
+a saucy fellow.
+
+(_To be concluded in our next_.)
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+
+THE SELECTOR;
+AND
+LITERARY NOTICES OF
+_NEW WORKS_.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+A MOTHER'S LOVE
+
+
+  Oh, beauteous were my baby's dark blue eyes,
+  Evermore turning to his mother's face,
+  So dove-like soft, yet bright as summer skies;
+  And pure his cheek as roses, ere the trace
+  Of earthly blight or stain their tints disgrace.
+  O'er my loved child enraptured still I hung;
+  No joy in life could those sweet hours replace,
+  When by his cradle low I watched and sung--
+  While still in memory's ear his father's promise rung.
+
+  Long, long I wept with weak and piteous cry
+  O'er my sweet infant, in its rosy bloom,
+  As memory brought my hours of agony
+  Again before my mind:--I mourned his doom;
+  I mourned my own: the sunny little room
+  In which, opress'd by sickness, now I lay,
+  Weeping for sorrows past, and woes to come,
+  Had been my own in childhood's early day.
+  Oh! could those years indeed so soon have passed away!
+
+  Past, as the waters of the running brook;
+  Fled, as the summer winds that fan the flowers!
+  All that remained, a word--a tone--a look,
+  Impressed, by chance, in those bright joyous hours;
+  Blossoms which, culled from youth's light fairy bowers,
+  Still float with lingering scent, as loath to fade,
+  In spite of sin's remorseless, 'whelming powers,
+  Above the wreck which time and grief have made.
+  Nursed with the dew of tears, though low in ruin laid.
+
+_The Sorrows of Rosalie_.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+FAGGING AT WINCHESTER SCHOOL.
+
+
+The following outline of a recent quarrel at Winchester School serves to
+illustrate the _System_ of _Fagging_ as practised at one of our leading
+schools, among the "future clergy, lawyers, legislators, and peers of
+England." It is extracted from a pamphlet by Sir Alexander Malet, Bart.;
+and we hope this _expose_ will lead to the extermination of the
+"custom:"--
+
+The prefects, or eight senior boys of the school, are in the habit of
+fagging the juniors; and that they may have a greater command of their
+services during meal times, they appoint one of the junior boys with the
+title of course keeper, whose business it is to take care that whilst the
+prefects are at breakfast or supper, the juniors sit upon a certain cross
+bench at the top of the hall, that they may be forthcoming whenever a
+prefect requires any thing to be done. During that part of the short
+half-year in which there are no fires kept, a sufficient number of boys
+for this service was generally furnished from the fourth class, and it
+was considered that the junior part of the fifth class, which is next in
+the ascending scale, was exempt from so disagreeable a servitude. It
+appears, however, that within these few years, there has been a much
+greater press of boys to enter the school than formerly; the consequence
+has been, that they have come to it older and more advanced in their
+studies than formerly, and the upper departments of the school have
+received a greater accession of numbers in proportion than the lower
+classes. The fourth class, therefore, gradually furnishing a smaller
+number of fags, the prefects issued a mandate, that the junior part of
+the fifth class should share with the fourth in the duty of going on hall:
+this was for some time submitted to; but at length one of the boys of
+this class intentionally abstained from seating himself on the cross
+bench at supper-time, and being seen by the senior prefect, and desired
+by him to go on hall, refused to do so, and argued the point as a matter
+of right, alleging, as the ancient usage of the school, the exemption of
+the junior part of the fifth class from this duty till the commencement
+of fires; he referred to the course keeper as being the depositary of
+the rules, and expressed himself prepared to abide by his decision. The
+course keeper, who does not appear to have been very well versed in the
+usages of the school, decided that the boy ought to go on hall; and the
+prefect therefore resolved, not only to enforce this new rule, but
+to punish the contumely of this unlucky boy by giving him a public
+chastisement. To this, however, the junior did not feel inclined to
+submit, and a second prefect laid hold of him, that he might not evade
+the beating destined for him: a simultaneous movement then took place
+amongst the juniors, who pinioned the two prefects, released the boy
+who was being beaten, and gave them to understand that the intended
+chastisement should not be inflicted. The prefects instantly laid a
+complaint before the head master, who expelled the boy who had refused to
+go on hall, and five others, who had appeared most active in preventing
+the prefect from punishing him.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+WRITTEN IN A LADY'S ALBUM.
+
+
+  As sweeps the bark before the breeze,
+    While waters coldly close around,
+  Till of her pathway through the seas
+    The track no more is found;
+  Thus passing down Oblivion's tide,
+    The beauteous visions of the mind
+  Fleet as that ocean pageant glide,
+    And leave no trace behind.
+
+  But the pure page may still impart
+    Some dream of feeling, else untold,--
+  The silent record of a heart,
+    E'en when that heart is cold.
+  Its lorn memorials here may bloom,--
+    Perchance to gentle bosoms dear,
+  Like flowers that linger o'er the tomb
+    Bedewed with Beauty's tear.
+
+  I ask not for the meed of fame.
+    The wreath above my rest to twine,--
+  Enough for me to leave my name
+    Within this hallow'd shrine;
+  To think that o'er these lines thine eye
+    May wander in some future year,
+  And Memory breathe a passing sigh
+    For him who traced them here.
+
+  Calm sleeps the sea when storms are o'er,
+    With bosom silent and serene,
+  And but the plank upon the shore
+    Reveals that wrecks have been.
+  So some frail leaf like this may be
+    Left floating on Time's silent tide,--
+  The sole remaining trace of me,--
+    To tell I lived and died.
+
+_Malcolm's Scenes of War, &c._
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+THE SUICIDE LOVER.
+
+
+A young man, of rich and respectable parents, was for a long time
+passionately in love with a young lady of the same town, whose birth
+and fortune were equal to his own; he had also the good fortune not
+to displease the young lady. Both families were anxious to bring the
+business to a conclusion; notwithstanding which the intended always found
+some specious pretext to put off the ceremony. The parents of the lady,
+after yielding for some time to the different excuses of their future
+son-in-law, as they could not find out the motive, began to be weary of
+being put off so often, and at last declared to him that a rival, who was
+his equal in every thing, had presented himself, and that if he did not
+soon make up his mind, they should be obliged to give up to the desire of
+his rival. The young man upon this information made up his mind; and,
+after the necessary arrangements, the day for the ceremony arrived. The
+bride, the two families and friends, were assembled, and waited only for
+the bridegroom in order to proceed to church, when a servant arrived with
+the sad intelligence that his master was taken suddenly ill, and in
+consequence requested that the celebration of the nuptials might once
+more be deferred for a few days. Two of his friends, who witnessed
+both the surprise and even the indignation which was marked on every
+countenance, left the party, and hastened to the gentleman's house,
+and pointed out in such strong colours the folly, as well as the bad
+consequences of his behaviour, that he sent them away, assuring them that
+he would dress himself and follow them immediately. But an hour having
+elapsed, and no bridegroom appearing, the two friends again set out to
+inquire into the cause of the delay, which seemed to them more than ever
+extraordinary. They had just arrived at the foot of his staircase, when
+they heard the report of a pistol. They hastened to ascend, and having
+forced open the door of the young man's apartment, they found him dead
+upon the floor, weltering in his blood. They were so shocked at the sight
+before them, that they could not return to announce the fatal news, but
+instantly dispatched a servant for that purpose. It is more easy to
+conceive than describe the consternation such a piece of intelligence was
+likely to throw every one into; but the situation of the bride was most
+to be pitied; she not only lost a lover just on the point of being her
+husband, but fancied that he had received some calumnious information
+which caused him to prefer death to the necessity of being united to her.
+It was some days before this mystery was cleared up, as it was not until
+the seals were broken, that they found the following written paper in his
+desk, dated eight days before the fatal catastrophe:--"I adore
+Mademoiselle de N----, and shall do so all my life. Her virtues surpassed
+if possible her charms; and I would sacrifice the last drop of my blood
+rather than cause her the least uneasiness. But the cruel and dangerous
+passion of jealousy possesses me to such a degree, that notwithstanding
+all her merits, the bare idea of a rival makes me wretched. Every effort
+on my part, joined to the voice of reason, has never been able to
+eradicate this dreadful poison from my heart, and which I fear is
+incurable. If I yield to my penchant for her, and become her husband,
+instead of being a tender lover, of which she is so worthy, I should be
+a tyrant, whose frenzy would render her more miserable than myself. They
+press me to bring our union to a conclusion, they threaten me also with a
+rival, who without doubt deserves her more than I. How can I, miserable
+wretch that I am, how can I ward off the blow which threatens me? I
+flatter myself, at least, to have succeeded in my endeavours to conceal
+the vice of a heart which, although entirely her own, can never
+exterminate the miserable passion which possesses it. The time approaches
+with rapid strides when I must make up my mind. Good Heaven direct me!
+shall I risk making her unhappy? Can I resolve to see her the wife of
+another? Never, no never! rather let me die a hundred deaths...."
+
+This unfortunate youth had written no more, but it was sufficient to
+prove that he had sacrificed himself for the happiness of his mistress.
+
+_Album of Love_.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+THE CRUSADER'S SONG.
+
+"Remember the Holy Sepulchre."
+
+
+  Forget the land which gave ye birth--
+    Forget the womb that bore ye--
+  Forget each much-loved spot of earth--
+    Forget each dream of glory--
+  Forget the friends that by your side
+    Stood firm as rocks unbroken--
+  Forget the late affianced bride,
+    And every dear love token--
+  Forget the hope that in each breast
+    Glow'd like a smould'ring ember--
+  But still the Holy Sepulchre,
+    Remember! oh remember!
+
+  Remember all the vows ye've sworn
+    At holy Becket's altar--
+  Remember all the ills ye've borne,
+    And scorn'd to shrink or falter--
+  Remember every laurel'd field,
+    Which saw the Crescent waving--
+  Remember when compell'd to yield,
+    Uncounted numbers braving:
+  Remember these, remember too
+    The cause ye strive for, ever;
+  The Cross! the Holy Sepulchre!
+    Forget--forget them never!
+
+  By Him who in that Sepulchre
+    Was laid in Death's cold keeping--
+  By Her who bore, who rear'd him. Her
+    Who by that Cross sat weeping--
+  By those, whose blood so oft has cried
+    Revenge for souls unshriven!--
+  By those, whose sacred precepts guide
+    The path to yonder Heaven!
+  From youth to age, from morn to eve
+    From Spring-tide to December,
+  The Holy Sepulchre of Christ
+    Remember! oh remember!
+
+_Literary Remains of Henry Neele_.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+A SERENADE.
+
+
+  Wake, Lady, wake! the midnight Moon
+  Sails through the cloudless skies of June;
+  The Stars gaze sweetly on the stream,
+  Which in the brightness of their beam,
+    One sheet of glory lies;
+  The glow-worm lends its little light,
+  And all that's beautiful and bright
+  Is shining in our world to-night,
+    Save thy bright eyes,
+
+  Wake, Lady! wake! the nightingale
+  Tells to the Moon her love-lorn tale;
+  Now doth the brook that's hush'd by day,
+  As through the vale she winds her way,
+    In murmurs sweet rejoice;
+  The leaves, by the soft night-wind stirr'd,
+  Are whispering many a gentle word,
+  And all Earth's sweetest sounds are heard,
+    Save thy sweet voice.
+
+  Wake, Lady! wake! thy lover waits,
+  Thy steed stands saddled at the gates;
+  Here is a garment, rich and rare,
+  To wrap thee from the cold night-air;
+    Th' appointed hour is flown.
+  Danger and doubt have vanish'd quite,
+  Our way before lies clear and right,
+  And all is ready for the flight,
+    Save thou alone!
+
+  Wake, Lady! wake! I have a wreath
+  Thy broad fair brow should rise beneath;
+  I have a ring that must not shine
+  On any finger, Love! but thine--
+    I've kept my plighted vow;
+  Beneath thy casement here I stand,
+  To lead thee by thine own white hand,
+  Far from this dull and captive strand--
+    But where art thou?
+
+  Wake, Lady! wake! She wakes! she wakes!
+  Through the green mead her course she takes;
+  And now her lover's arms enfold
+  A prize more precious far than gold,
+    Blushing like morning's ray;
+  Now mount thy palfrey, Maiden kind!
+  Nor pause to cast one look behind,
+  But swifter than the viewless wind,
+    Away! away!
+
+_Ibid_.
+
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+
+THE GATHERER
+
+
+  "A snapper-up of unconsidered trifles."
+SHAKSPEARE.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+FILTHY WATER.
+
+
+If the unhappy victims of mud-juice had constant access to the solar
+microscope, and there was occasionally in London a little sunshine to set
+off the animated bedevilments which are crowded into the composition, and
+could see thousands of animals, generated in filth, and living in the
+highest spirits and the greatest abundance, in the stuff destined for
+their stomachs, they would go mad. Boiled down in tea (for which, in
+the midst of _starvation_, a cockney pays five hundred per cent. beyond
+its value, and a tax of five hundred per cent. more than that,) these
+centipedes, toads, small alligators, large worms, white bait, snails,
+caterpillars, maggots, eels, minnows, weeds, moss, offal in detachments,
+gas-juice, vinegar lees, tallow droppings, galls, particles of dead men,
+women, children, horses, and dogs, train-oil, copper, dye-stuff, soot,
+and dead fish, are all, according to the chemistry of the washerwomen,
+neutralized, mollified, clarified, and rectified--but this we doubt; and
+if any of the unhappy persons who imbibe nastiness fourteen times a week,
+under the idea that it is good and wholesome because it is hot, will
+take the trouble to look at the agreeable deposit in the bottom of the
+"slop-basin," they will find that independent of all the muddy, fishy,
+oily, gaseous, animal and vegetable stuff, introduced into their stomachs
+under the guise of that most poisonous of all herbs, tea, they are in the
+habit of swallowing mud, earth, stones, sand, and gravel, in quantities
+sufficient to establish in less than three months spaces of land as big
+as Cornish freeholds in their insides.--_John Bull_.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+NAPOLEON.
+
+
+While Napoleon was a subaltern in the army, a Russian officer remarked,
+with much self-sufficiency, "That his country fought for glory and the
+French for gain."--"You are perfectly right," answered Napoleon; "every
+one fights for that which he does not possess."
+
+INA.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+FORBIDDEN FRUIT.
+
+
+Sir Richard Steele, who represented the borough of Stockbridge, Hants,
+in parliament in the reign of Queen Anne, carried his election against
+a powerful opposition, by sticking a large apple full of guineas, and
+declaring that it should be the prize of that man whose wife was first
+brought to bed after that day nine months. This merry offer procured him
+the interest of the ladies, who, it is said, commemorate Sir Richard's
+bounty to this day, and once made a vigorous effort to procure a standing
+order of the corporation, that no man should ever be received as a
+candidate who did not offer himself on the same terms.
+
+HALBERT H.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+EPITAPH ON A SILLY, DRUNKEN SOT.
+
+
+His life and death five letters do express; A.B.C. he knew not, and he
+died of X.S.
+
+G.J.F.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+CONVENIENT ABSENCE.
+
+
+An individual often visited a landscape painter, who had a very beautiful
+wife, but he always met with the husband. "Zounds," said he, one day to
+him, "for a painter of landscapes, you are very seldom in the country."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+TARRAGON.
+
+
+We recommend our correspondent, _Qy?_ to steep shalots and tarragon in
+vinegar, to be used as a sauce with rump-steaks. Or he may chop the
+shalots and tarragon _very fine_, and sprinkle them over the meat.
+Tarragon sprinkled over mutton chops is a nice relish; and with _sauce
+piquante_ flavoured with the above vinegar, makes a dish on "which the
+gods might dine."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+PEREMPTORY CONCLUSION.
+
+
+An advocate, whose pleading appeared too diffuse for the cause he was
+defending, had received an order from the first president to abridge it;
+but the former, without omitting a word of his intended address, replied
+in a firm tone, that all he uttered was essential. The president, hoping
+at length to make him silent, said to him, "The court orders you to
+_conclude_." "Well," replied the advocate, "then I _conclude_ that the
+court shall hear me."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+GROUNDS OF RECOGNITION.
+
+
+A man went to a restaurateur's (or chop-house) in France, to dine. He
+perceived another man in the room and hurried away to tell the master.
+"If you do not, Sir, order that man, who is dining alone at the table
+in the corner, out of your house, a respectable individual will not be
+able to sit down in it."--"How is that, Sir?"--"Because that is the
+executioner of R----." The host, after some hesitation, at length went
+and spoke to the stranger, who calmly answered him: "By whom have I been
+recognised?"--"By that gentleman," said the landlord, pointing out the
+former. "Indeed, he ought to know me, for it is not two years since I
+whipped and branded him."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+SINGULAR MISTAKE.
+
+
+A courtier was playing at piquet, and was greatly annoyed by a
+short-sighted man with a long nose. To get rid of it he took his pocket
+handkerchief and wiped his troublesome neighbour's nose. "Ah, sir," said
+he immediately, "I really beg your pardon, I took it for my own."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+BROTHERS AND SISTERS.
+
+
+During the revolution, a young man was travelling in the Diligence to
+Lyons with "_a brother and a friend_," when they had got about half way
+the latter's purse became empty; "_Brother_," said he to the young man,
+"pay for me, and I will return it to you at Lyons." "I cannot."--"Why, are
+we not brothers?" "Oh certainly, but _our purses are not sisters_."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+SPANISH REFUGEES.
+
+
+As philanthropy is of no _caste_ or creed, let us dip our pen "in the
+milk of human kindness," and recommend each of our readers to contribute
+the amount of the MIRROR purchase-money--_Two-pence_--to the fund for
+relief of the Spanish Refugees.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+THE ANNUALS.
+
+
+The SUPPLEMENT announced in No. 340 of the MIRROR, will be published next
+Saturday, December 6, and will contain Notices of such of the ANNUALS as
+were not included in the previous Supplement, with a FINE ENGRAVING, and
+their _Spirit_, or _Second Sight_.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+LIMBIRD'S EDITION OF THE
+
+_Following Novels are already Published_:
+
+-                                      _s._ _d_.
+Mackenzie's Man of Feeling . . . . . . 0    6
+Paul and Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . 0    6
+The Castle of Otranto. . . . . . . . . 0    6
+Almoran and Ramet. . . . . . . . . . . 0    6
+Elizabeth, or the Exiles of Siberia. . 0    6
+The Castles of Athlin and Dunbayne . . 0    6
+Rasselas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0    8
+The Old English Baron. . . . . . . . . 0    8
+Nature and Art . . . . . . . . . . . . 0    8
+Goldsmith's Vicar of Wakefield . . . . 0   10
+Sicilian Romance . . . . . . . . . . . 1    0
+The Man of the World . . . . . . . . . 1    0
+A Simple Story . . . . . . . . . . . . 1    4
+Joseph Andrews . . . . . . . . . . . . 1    6
+Humphry Clinker. . . . . . . . . . . . 1    8
+The Romance of the Forest. . . . . . . 1    8
+The Italian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2    0
+Zeluco, by Dr. Moore . . . . . . . . . 2    6
+Edward, by Dr. Moore . . . . . . . . . 2    0
+Roderick Random. . . . . . . . . . . . 2    6
+The Mysteries of Udolpho . . . . . . . 3    6
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+_Printed and Published by J. LIMBIRD, 143, Strand, (near Somerset House,)
+London; sold by ERNEST FLEISCHER, 626, New Market, Leipsic; and by all
+Newsmen and Booksellers._
+
+*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 11404 ***
diff --git a/11404-h/11404-h.htm b/11404-h/11404-h.htm
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..eb30b03
--- /dev/null
+++ b/11404-h/11404-h.htm
@@ -0,0 +1,2514 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
+    "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
+<html>
+<head>
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />
+<title>The Project Gutenberg eBook of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and Instruction, Vol. 12, Issue 343, November 29, 1828, by Various</title>
+    <style type="text/css">
+    /*<![CDATA[*/
+    <!--
+    body                 {margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%;}
+    p                    {text-align: justify;}
+    blockquote           {text-align: justify;}
+    h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6    {text-align: center;}
+    pre                  {font-size: 0.7em;}
+
+    hr                   {text-align: center; width: 50%;}
+    html>body hr         {margin-right: 25%; margin-left: 25%; width: 50%;}
+    hr.full              {width: 100%;}
+    html>body hr.full    {margin-right: 0%; margin-left: 0%; width: 100%;}
+
+    .note, .footnote     {margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%; font-size: 0.9em;}
+
+    span.pagenum         {position: absolute; left: 1%; right: 91%; font-size: 8pt;}
+
+    .poem                {margin-left:10%; margin-right:10%; margin-bottom: 1em; text-align: left;}
+    .poem .stanza        {margin: 1em 0em 1em 0em;}
+    .poem p              {margin: 0; padding-left: 3em; text-indent: -3em;}
+    .poem p.i2           {margin-left: 1em;}
+
+    .figure              {padding: 1em; margin: 0; text-align: center; font-size: 0.8em; margin: auto;}
+    .figure img          {border: none;}
+    .figure p
+	a:link {color:blue;
+			text-decoration:none}
+	link {color:blue;
+			text-decoration:none}
+	a:visited {color:blue;
+			text-decoration:none}
+	a:hover {color:red}
+    -->
+    /*]]>*/
+    </style>
+</head>
+<body>
+<div>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 11404 ***</div>
+<h1>The Project Gutenberg eBook, The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and
+Instruction, Vol. 12, Issue 343, November 29, 1828, by Various</h1>
+<br />
+<br />
+<center><b>E-text prepared by Jonathan Ingram, Allen Siddle, David Garcia,<br />
+            and the Project Gutenberg Online Distributed Proofreading Team</b></center>
+<br />
+<br />
+    <hr class="full" />
+    <span class="pagenum"><a id="page353" name="page353"></a>[pg
+    353]</span>
+    <h1>
+      THE MIRROR<br />
+       OF<br />
+       LITERATURE, AMUSEMENT, AND INSTRUCTION.
+    </h1>
+    <hr class="full" />
+    <table width="100%" summary="Banner">
+      <tr>
+        <td align="left">
+          <b>VOL. XII, NO. 343.]</b>
+        </td>
+        <td align="center">
+          <b>SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 29, 1828.</b>
+        </td>
+        <td align="right">
+          <b>[PRICE 2d.</b>
+        </td>
+      </tr>
+    </table>
+    <hr class="full" />
+    <div class="figure" style="width: 100%;">
+      <a href="images/343-1.png"><img width="100%"
+      src="images/343-1.png"
+      alt="The Admiralty office, Whitehall." /></a>
+    </div>
+    <p>
+      <span class="pagenum"><a id="page354" name="page354"></a>[pg
+      354]</span>
+    </p>
+    <h3>
+      THE ADMIRALTY-OFFICE.
+    </h3>
+    <p>
+      The <i>Admiralty Office, Whitehall</i>, has few pretensions
+      to architectual beauty. It is, however, to use a common
+      phrase, a <i>commanding</i> pile, and its association with
+      Britain's best bulwarks&mdash;her NAVY&mdash;renders it an
+      interesting subject for representation.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      The Admiralty-office adjoins to the north side of the Horse
+      Guards, and was erected by Ripley, in the reign of George
+      II., on the site of Wallingford House. It recedes from, but
+      communicates with, the street by advancing wings, and is
+      built principally of brick. In the centre of the main
+      building is a lofty portico, of the Ionic order, the taste of
+      which is not entitled to much praise. It consists of four
+      columns, and on the entablature is an anchor in bold relief.
+      Here are the offices, and the spacious abodes of the lords
+      commissioners of the admiralty, together with a handsome
+      hall, &amp;c. On the roof of the building is a Semaphore
+      telegraph, which communicates orders by signal to the
+      principal ports of the empire.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      But the most tasteful portion of the whole, is a stone
+      screen, by Adams, in front of an open court, and facing the
+      street. The style is exceedingly chaste and pleasing, and the
+      decorations are characteristic naval emblems, finely
+      executed. The representation of two ancient vessels in the
+      end entablatures, merit especial notice.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      Since the appointment of the Duke of Clarence to the office
+      of lord high admiral, the Admiralty has been the town
+      residence of his royal highness. The exterior has been
+      repaired, and the interior in part refitted. The screen has
+      likewise been renovated with much care, and two of the
+      entrances considerably enlarged, but with more regard to
+      convenience than good taste. The portion occupied by the
+      royal duke contains a splendid suite of state rooms, within
+      whose walls have frequently been assembled all the bravery,
+      as well as rank, of the empire; for the interests of the
+      noble service are too dear to his royal highness to be
+      eclipsed by the false lights of wealth or fashion.
+    </p>
+    <hr />
+    <h3>
+      HUITAIN DE CLEMENT MAROT.
+    </h3>
+    <p>
+      (<i>For the Mirror</i>.)
+    </p>
+    <div class="poem">
+      <div class="stanza">
+        <p>
+          Plus ne suis ce que j'ay est&eacute;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Et ne le scaurois jamais estre,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Mon beau printemps et mon est&eacute;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Ont fait le saut par la fenestre.
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Amour! tu as est&eacute; mon maistre
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Je t'ai servi sur tous les Dieux,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          O si je pouvois deux fois naistre,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Comment je te se virois mieux!
+        </p>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+    <center>
+      <i>Imitation</i>.
+    </center>
+    <div class="poem">
+      <div class="stanza">
+        <p>
+          I am no more, what I have been
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          And ne'er again shall be so.
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          My summer bright, my spring time green,
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          Have flown out of the window.
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Oh love, my master thou hast been,
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          I, first of gods, instal thee,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Oh! could I e'en be born again,
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          Thou doubly would'st enthral me.
+        </p>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+    <p>
+      D.M.
+    </p>
+    <hr />
+    <h3>
+      TEMPLE AT ABURY.
+    </h3>
+    <p>
+      (<i>To the Editor of the Mirror</i>.)
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      There is an inconsistency in the account of Abury in No. 341,
+      perhaps overlooked by yourself.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      I would ask, how could that arrangement of the fabric, so
+      fancifully and ingeniously described by Stukely, be intended
+      to represent the Trinity, when the place was confessedly in
+      existence long anterior to Christianity? nor is there any
+      thing in the old Druidical or Bardic tenets that can be
+      twisted to any such idea.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      This <i>Abury</i>, with <i>Silbury</i>, is supposed to be the
+      <i>Cludair Cyfrangon</i>, or <i>Heaped Mound of
+      Congregations</i>, mentioned in the <i>Triads</i>, the
+      building of which is recorded as "one of the three mighty
+      achievements of the Isle of Britain;" and here were held the
+      general assemblies of the Britons on religious occasions, and
+      not at Stonehenge, as is generally supposed. This last place
+      is decidedly more modern than the pile at <i>Abury</i>; the
+      Welsh call it <i>Gwaith Emrys, (the work of Emrys</i>,) and
+      it ranks as another of the mighty achievements of the Isle of
+      Britain, the third being "the raising of the Stone of Keti,"
+      supposed to be the "<i>Maen Ceti</i>" at Gwyr, in
+      Glamorganshire.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      The presumption that <i>Stonehenge</i> is more modern than
+      <i>Abury</i> is founded upon the fact that Stonehenge
+      exhibits marks of the chisel in different parts, while the
+      former does not. The ancient British documents give us the
+      founder of the latter, namely, <i>Emrys</i>, or
+      <i>Ambrosius</i>, while we are left in ignorance as to who
+      raised the pile of <i>Cyfrangon</i>.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      Nor was Stonehenge ever of such magnitude as <i>Abury</i>,
+      the diameter of the former being 99 feet, whilst the latter
+      was 1,400; the largest stones of the former weigh 30 tons,
+      but the latter weigh 100 tons!
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      <i>Gwaith Emrys</i> was possibly more for political than
+      religious assemblies. Here was held the meeting of the
+      Britons and Saxons, when the <i>Plot of the Long Knives</i>
+      (<i>Twyll y Cyllyll Hirion</i>) was consummated, and the
+      flower of the British chiefs treacherously destroyed by their
+      pretended friends.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      Different authors have strenuously contended
+      <span class="pagenum"><a id="page355" name="page355"></a>[pg
+      355]</span> for giving the honour of supremacy to either of
+      these places over both Britain and Gaul, in the days of
+      Druidism; but Rowlands has industriously placed its chief
+      seat in Anglesey.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      LEATHART.
+    </p>
+    <hr />
+    <h3>
+      TRANSLATED EPITAPH.
+    </h3>
+    <p>
+      (<i>To the Editor of the Mirror</i>.)
+    </p>
+    <div class="poem">
+      <div class="stanza">
+        <p>
+          Quod fuit esse quod est, quod non fuit esse quod esse,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Esse quod est non esse, quod est non, erit esse.
+        </p>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+    <p>
+      As a translation of this curious epitaph (in Lavenham
+      churchyard) which is formed out of two Latin words, has been
+      requested from some of your readers, I send the
+      following:&mdash;
+    </p>
+    <div class="poem">
+      <div class="stanza">
+        <p>
+          What John Giles has been
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          Is what he is, (<i>a bachelor</i>.)
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          What he has not been,
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          Is what he is, (<i>a corpse</i>.)
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          To be what he is
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          Is not to be, (<i>a living creature</i>.)
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          He will have to be
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          What he is not. (<i>dust</i>.)
+        </p>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+    <p>
+      JOSEPH MASON.
+    </p>
+    <hr />
+    <center>
+      <i>Another</i>.
+    </center>
+    <div class="poem">
+      <div class="stanza">
+        <p>
+          What we have been and what we are,
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          The present and the time that's past,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          We cannot properly compare
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          With what we are to be at last.
+        </p>
+      </div>
+      <div class="stanza">
+        <p>
+          Tho' we ourselves have fancied forms,
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          And beings that have never been,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          We unto something shall be turned&mdash;
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          Which we have not conceived or seen.
+        </p>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+    <p>
+      G.H.
+    </p>
+    <hr />
+    <h3>
+      MARY QUEEN OF SCOTS.
+    </h3>
+    <p>
+      (<i>For the Mirror</i>.)
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      The ensuing letter, though very short, discloses one or two
+      instances connected with a subject of unfading
+      interest&mdash;the death of Mary Queen of Scots. It need
+      hardly be stated, says an able writer on this subject, that
+      Queen Elizabeth's conduct with respect to the execution of
+      Mary was a mixture of unrelenting cruelty, despicable
+      cowardice, and flagitious hypocrisy; that whilst it was the
+      dearest wish of her heart to deprive her kinswoman of her
+      existence, she attempted to remove the odium of the act from
+      herself, by endeavouring to induce those to whose custody she
+      was intrusted to assassinate their prisoner; that when she
+      found she could not succeed, she commanded the warrant to be
+      forwarded; and that when she knew it was too late to recall
+      it, asserted that she never intended it should be carried
+      into execution, threw herself into a paroxysm of affected
+      rage and grief, upbraided her counsellors, and first
+      imprisoned and then sacrificed the fortunes of her poor
+      secretary, Davison, one of her most virtuous servants, as a
+      victim to her own fame, and the resentment of the King of
+      Scots. These damning facts in the character of Elizabeth are
+      too well known to require to be dilated on; they have
+      eclipsed the few noble actions of her life, and remain
+      indelible spots on her reputation as a woman and a sovereign.
+      But we learn from this letter the humiliating effects made by
+      her ministers to appease her fury, and her implacable
+      resolution to overwhelm the unfortunate Davison with the
+      effect of her assumed, or perhaps real repentance. In his
+      apology, that statesman informs us, that on the Friday after
+      Mary's execution, namely, on the 10th of February, arriving
+      at the court he learnt the manner in which the queen had
+      expressed herself relative to the event; but being advised to
+      "<i>absent himself for a day or two</i>," and being,
+      moreover, extremely ill, he left the court, and returned to
+      London. Woolley's communication being dated on <i>Sunday</i>,
+      (the manuscript is so excessively badly written as to be
+      almost illegible,) shows that Elizabeth did not summon her
+      council, and evince her displeasure at their conduct, until
+      Saturday, the 13th of February, two days after she was
+      informed of Mary's fate. Davison had been attacked with a
+      stroke of the palsy shortly before, and all he says of his
+      committal is, that he was not sent to the Tower until Tuesday
+      the 14th, on account of his illness; though some days
+      previous (probably on Saturday the 10th) the queen assembled
+      her council.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      This letter also exhibits a specimen of Leicester's
+      characteristic meanness; for notwithstanding that he was a
+      party to the act of forwarding the warrant for Mary's death,
+      as his name occurs among those of the council who signed the
+      letters to the Earl of Shrewsbury, the earl marshal, and to
+      the Earl of Kent, both of which were dated on the 3rd of
+      February, 1586-7, commanding them to cause it to be put into
+      execution, he took care to withdraw from court before
+      Elizabeth performed the roll, which has so justly excited the
+      scorn of posterity. It may be also remarked, as another
+      example of the official duplicity of the period, that Sir
+      Francis Walsingham likewise affected not to have been
+      concerned in the affair of dispatching the warrant, as in his
+      letter to Lord Thulstone, the secretary to King James, dated
+      at Greenwich, on the 4th of March, 1586-7, less than a month
+      afterwards, he says, "<i>Being absent from court</i>
+      <span class="pagenum"><a id="page356" name="page356"></a>[pg
+      356]</span> when the late execution of the queen, your
+      sovereign mother, happened," though we find that he signed
+      both the letters just mentioned.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      G.B.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      <i>A Letter from John Woolley, clerk of the Council in the
+      time of Elizabeth, to the Earl of Leicester</i>.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      To the Righte Honorable my singular good the Earle of
+      Leycester, one of her Maties Most Honorable Privie Councell.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      RYGHTE Honorable and my moste especiall goode Lorde,&mdash;It
+      pleased her M'tye yesterday night to call the lord treasurer
+      and other of her councell before her into her withdrawing
+      chamber, where she rebuked us all exceedingly, from our
+      concealing from her our proceeding in the Queen of Scott's
+      case; but her indignation particularlye lyghteth most upon my
+      lord treasurer and Mr. Davison, who called us togeather, and
+      delivered the commissione, for she protesteth she gave
+      <i>expresse commandement</i> to the contrarye, and therefore
+      hath taken order for the committing of Mr. Secretary Davison
+      to the Tower, iff she contenew in the mynd she was yeterday
+      night, albeit we all kneeled upon our knees to praye her to
+      the contrarye.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      I think your lordship happy to be absent from these broiles,
+      and thought it my dewtye to lett you understand them; and so
+      in haste I humblye take my leave.&mdash;At the Courte, this
+      present Sunday,<a id="footnotetag1"
+      name="footnotetag1"></a><a href="#footnote1"><sup>1</sup></a>
+      1586.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      Your lordship's ever most bounden,
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      J. WOOLLEY.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      P.S. I have oftentimes sent unto John, your old servante, Mr.
+      Norld, to pray humbly your lordship's orders for the ordering
+      of his case; he hath been long in prisone, and desireth your
+      lordship's orders for the hearing of his case, which it may
+      please your lordship to express unto me.&mdash;<i>Cottonian
+      MSS. Caligula, c. ix. fol. 168</i>, (<i>Original</i>.)
+    </p>
+    <hr class="full" />
+    <h2>
+      The Topographer
+    </h2>
+    <h3>
+      A VISIT TO STUDLEY PARK AND FOUNTAINS ABBEY, YORKSHIRE.
+    </h3>
+    <center>
+      <i>With a Notice of the Roman Military Road, leading from
+      Aldborough (the Isurium of the Romans,) to the North.</i>
+    </center>
+    <div class="poem">
+      <div class="stanza">
+        <p>
+          "Yet still thy turrets drink the light
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          Of summer evening's softest ray;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          And ivy garlands, green and bright,
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          Still mantle thy decay;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          And calm and beauteous, as of old,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Thy wand'ring river glides in gold."
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          A.A. WATTS.
+        </p>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+    <p>
+      Among the most attractive scenes of northern Yorkshire is
+      Studley Park, renowned for the richness of its sylvan
+      scenery, which embosoms the noble ruin of Fountains Abbey.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      For the date of my visit to this <i>Arcadia</i>, I must refer
+      the reader to that season of life when the pure source of
+      thought and feeling is untainted by the world. It is eleven
+      miles from my home to Studley Park, five of which I walked in
+      the twilight of a summer's evening, and slept at a little
+      cottage by the way. The day had been sultry, and the moon
+      rose slowly over the mounds of Maiden Bower, once the site of
+      the noble mansion of the Percys, now destroyed and
+      desolate;<a id="footnotetag2"
+      name="footnotetag2"></a><a href="#footnote2"><sup>2</sup></a>
+      and fell in dreary softness on tower and wood, illumining the
+      sable firs of Newby Park, and throwing another lustre on the
+      gaudy "gowans" that decked the adjacent meadow. Here was a
+      scene for the poetic sympathy of youth:
+    </p>
+    <div class="poem">
+      <div class="stanza">
+        <p class="i2">
+          "That time is past,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          And all its giddy rapture;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Yet not for this faint I, nor mourn;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Other gifts have followed; for such loss
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          I would believe, abundant recompense."
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          WORDSWORTH.
+        </p>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+    <p>
+      The morning found me, after an early breakfast, on the road
+      to Studley Park. Now there are some "moods of my own mind" in
+      which I detest all vehicles of conveyance, when on an
+      excursive tour to admire the antique and
+      picturesque.&mdash;Thus what numerous attractions are
+      presented to us, sauntering along the woody lane on foot,
+      which are lost or overlooked in the velocity of a drive! On
+      the declivity of a meadow, inviting our reflection, rises a
+      little Saxon church, grey with antiquity, and solemnized by
+      its surrounding memorials of "Here lies."&mdash;Across the
+      heath, encircled with fences of uncouth stones, stands a
+      stern record of feudal yore; at the next turn peeps the
+      rectory, encircled with old firs, trained fruit trees, and
+      affectionate ivy; beneath yon darkened thickets rolls the
+      lazy Ure, expanding into laky broadness; and, beyond yon
+      western woods, which embower the peaceful hamlet, are seen
+      the "everlasting hills," across which the enterprising Romans
+      constructed their road. I next passed the boundaries of Newby
+      Park, the property of Lord Grantham. Here beneath enormous
+      beeches were clustering the timid deer, "in sunshine remote;"
+      and the matin songs of birds were sounding from the countless
+      clumps <span class="pagenum"><a id="page357"
+      name="page357"></a>[pg 357]</span> which skirt this retreat.
+      Within that solitude had I enjoyed the society of a brother,
+      alas, now no more! and yet the landscape wore the same sunny
+      smile as when I carved his name on the towering obelisk
+      before him. I felt that sorrow so exquisitely described by
+      <i>Burns</i>:
+    </p>
+    <div class="poem">
+      <div class="stanza">
+        <p>
+          "How can ye bloom so fresh and fair;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          How can ye chant, ye little birds,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          And I so weary, fu' o' care."
+        </p>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+    <p>
+      Leaving Rainton, a sudden rise brings you to the <i>Roman
+      Military Road</i>, leading from
+      Aldborough,<a id="footnotetag3"
+      name="footnotetag3"></a><a href="#footnote3"><sup>3</sup></a>
+      the Isurium of the Romans, to Inverness, in Scotland. This
+      road was repaired by the Empress Heleanae, and hence the
+      corruption, from her name, of Learning Lane, its present
+      designation. It was laid by the Romans, with stones of
+      immense size, which have frequently been dug up. The <i>Via
+      Appia</i>, at <i>Rome</i>, which has lasted 1,800 years,
+      resembles it in construction. Raised considerably above the
+      level of the country which it crosses, it is an object of
+      wonder and interest even to the illiterate, on account of the
+      continuous perspective it presents; there being no
+      <i>bend</i> in it for several miles. Traversing this noble
+      monument of art, how are we led to think on the "strange
+      mutations" which have overthrown kings and kingdoms in the
+      period of its duration, whilst the road remains "like an
+      eternity:"
+    </p>
+    <h3>
+      ON CROSSING THE ROMAN MILITARY ROAD, LEADING FROM ISURIUM TO
+      THE NORTH.
+    </h3>
+    <div class="poem">
+      <div class="stanza">
+        <p>
+          O'er classic ground my humble feet did plod,
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          My bosom beating with the glow of song;
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          And high-born fancy walk'd with me along,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Treading the earth Imperial Caesar trod.
+        </p>
+      </div>
+      <div class="stanza">
+        <p>
+          A thousand rural objects on the way
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          Had been my theme-but far-off years arose,
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          When ancient Britain bow'd beneath her foes,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Adding resplendence to great Caesar's day:
+        </p>
+      </div>
+      <div class="stanza">
+        <p>
+          When sounds of Roman arms through valley rung,
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          And rose that glorious morn upon our isle,
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          No night can hide, or cloud conceal its smile,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          That dazzling morn, which out of darkness sprung.
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          Enduring cenotaph of Roman fame&mdash;
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          More than this record of their mighty name!
+        </p>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+    <p>
+      I reached the ancient town of Ripon as the bells were merrily
+      ringing in the towers of its old collegiate minster, for it
+      was the anniversary of its patron saint, St. Wilfred. After
+      refreshment, and a walk of three miles, I arrived at
+      <i>Studley Park</i>. The fairy effect produced on entering
+      this beautiful retreat is almost indescribable. We suddenly
+      exchange the field and forest scenery for all the poetry of
+      prospect. On the right is a declivity clothed with laurel,
+      and stretching far away; and on the left a lofty and well
+      trimmed fence of laurel, forms a screen or curtain to the
+      valley beneath; the sighing of distant woods and the dashing
+      of waterfalls, break on the enraptured ear, and cause the
+      anxious eye to long for some opening in the verdant shroud.
+      Anon the valley is seen; and through an aperture in the
+      laurel wall, cut in imitation of a window, breaks as sweet a
+      scene as ever <i>Claude</i> immortalized! Unwilling to hazard
+      a formal description, I will merely attempt an outline. Far
+      below, the silver waters of the <i>Skell</i> meander softly
+      amongst statues of tritons, throwing up innumerable fountain
+      streams. These are masterly executions after the ancient
+      sculptors, and give the scene an air of Grecian classicality.
+      Around these triumphs of art, rise lofty woods of graceful
+      birch, varied by dark fir, and interspersed with erections of
+      Roman and Gothic design. It is in the contemplation of these
+      beauties that fancy recalls the mythology of rocky woods,
+      peopled with Dryads and Fauns. Passing by a circuitous path
+      to the other side of this Eden, by sloping walks shaded with
+      ilex, ancient oak, sycamore, cypress, and bay, we have a view
+      of the extent of the valley, terminating with the ruins of
+      <i>Fountains Abbey</i>, and flanked by rocks, wildly
+      overgrown with shrubs; and before us, seen more distinctly,
+      are the statues of <i>Hercules</i> and <i>Antaeus</i>, and a
+      <i>Dying Gladiator</i>&mdash;the Temple of Piety, in which
+      are bronze busts of Titus Vespasian and Nero, and a fine
+      bas-relief of the Grecian Daughter. In front of this temple
+      the water assumes a variety of fantastical forms, ornamented
+      at different points by statues of Neptune, Bacchus, Roman
+      Wrestlers, Galatea, &amp;c. The banqueting-house contains a
+      Venus de Medicis, and a painting of the Governor of Surat, on
+      horseback, in a Turkish habit; on the front of this building
+      are spirited figures of Envy, Hatred, and Malice. From the
+      octagon tower, Mackershaw Lodge and Wood are seen to great
+      advantage; and from the Gothic temple, the dilapidated abbey
+      is an object of striking solemnity; whilst an opening
+      <span class="pagenum"><a id="page358" name="page358"></a>[pg
+      358]</span> in the distance shows the venerable towers of
+      Ripon Minster.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      Wandering eastward, we arrive at the precincts of Fountains
+      Abbey, which gradually presents its monastic turrets midway
+      in a dell, skirted by hills crowned with trees, and varied by
+      rocky slopes to the brook. This abbey was founded in
+      consequence of the disgust which certain monks of the
+      Benedictine order at St. Mary's, York, had imbibed against
+      their <i>relaxed</i> discipline; when struck with the famed
+      austerities of the monks of Rievaulx, they left their abode,
+      and retired to this valley, under the shade of seven yew
+      trees, six of which were (in 1818) standing. The abbey was
+      destroyed in the reign of Stephen, and rebuilt in
+      1204.<a id="footnotetag4"
+      name="footnotetag4"></a><a href="#footnote4"><sup>4</sup></a>
+      The present ruin is celebrated for the sublimity of its
+      architecture, many parts of which are as perfect as when
+      first erected. The tower is 160 feet in height, and is a fine
+      specimen of Gothic, in its best taste. It may with safety be
+      asserted, that no church or abbey in England can boast of
+      such an elegant elevation. The cloisters, 270 feet in length,
+      and divided by 19 pillars and 20 arches, extend across the
+      rivulet, which is arched over to support them; and near to
+      the south end is a large circular stone basin. This almost
+      subterranean solitude is dimly lighted by lancet windows,
+      which are partially obscured by oaks, beeches, and firs; and
+      the gloom is heightened by the brook beneath, which may be
+      seen stretching its way through the broken arches. The only
+      tomb in the church is that of a cross-legged knight, which
+      lies near the grand tower, and represents one of the
+      Mowbrays, who died at Ghent, in 1297. Near the altar is a
+      stone coffin, in which, according to Dugdale, Lord Henry
+      Percy was interred in 1315. Contiguous to the church is an
+      extensive quadrangular court, which has been converted into a
+      flower garden. On the east side is a line of beautiful
+      arches, under one of which is the entrance to the
+      chapter-house, a weed-grown solitude of deadly silence&mdash;
+    </p>
+    <div class="poem">
+      <div class="stanza">
+        <p class="i2">
+          "Where the full-voiced choir
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Lie, with their hallelujahs, quench'd like fire."
+        </p>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+    <p>
+      In 1791, by the removal of some fragments of ruin in the
+      chapter-house, the sepulchres of several of the abbots were
+      discovered; but the inscriptions were obliterated. Over the
+      chapter-house were the library and scriptorium. The
+      architecture or Fountains Abbey is mixed; in some parts are
+      seen the sharp-pointed windows, in others the circular
+      arches. The great eastern window is indescribably
+      magnificent, being 23 feet in width. There has been a central
+      tower, which has long since fallen to decay. The sanctum
+      sanctorum is 131 feet in length; over one of its eastern
+      windows is the figure of an angel holding a scroll, dated
+      1283. The total length of the church is 358 feet. On the
+      north side of the quadrangular court is the refectory, which
+      was supported by large pillars, and adjoining it is the
+      reading gallery, where portions of the Scriptures were
+      delivered to the monks whilst at their meals; by the side of
+      it are the kitchen and scullery, the former remarkable for
+      its spacious arched fire place. Over the refectory was the
+      dormitory, which contained 40 cells; and under the crumbling
+      steps leading to it is the porter's lodge. Near to the
+      refectory are the remains of the abbot's chambers.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      But adieu to the waning glory of Fountains Abbey and the
+      receding towers of Ripon Minster, while retracing my path of
+      yesterday morning. I must linger awhile on the Roman way,
+      where antiquity maintains her supremacy in spite of the war
+      of time, and where the earth looks immutable. Now the groves
+      of Newby Park re-appear with their "sylvan majesty," creating
+      unutterable sympathies; for the wind that bows the
+      surrounding branches moves me to weep for that romantic
+      spirit whose ashes moulder on the shores of India, where
+    </p>
+    <div class="poem">
+      <div class="stanza">
+        <p>
+          "When the sun's noon-glory crests the wave,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          He shines, without a shadow on his grave."
+        </p>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+    <p>
+      * * H.
+    </p>
+    <hr class="full" />
+    <h2>
+      THE ANECDOTE GALLERY
+    </h2>
+    <hr />
+    <h3>
+      PALEY.
+    </h3>
+    <p>
+      Paley would employ himself in his Natural Theology, and then
+      gather his peas for dinner, very likely gathering some hint
+      for his work at the same time. He would converse with his
+      classical neighbour, Mr. Yates, or he would reply to his
+      invitation that he could not come, for that he was busy
+      knitting. He <span class="pagenum"><a id="page359"
+      name="page359"></a>[pg 359]</span> would station himself at
+      his garden wall, which overhung the river, and watch the
+      progress of a cast-iron bridge in building, asking questions
+      of the architect, and carefully examining every pin and screw
+      with which it was put together. He would loiter along a
+      river, with his angle-rod, musing upon what he supposed to
+      pass in the mind of a pike when he bit, and when he refused
+      to bite; or he would stand by the sea-side, and speculate
+      upon what a young shrimp could mean by jumping in the sun.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      With the handle of his stick in his mouth, he would move
+      about his garden in a short hurried step, now stopping to
+      contemplate a butterfly, a flower, or a snail, and now
+      earnestly engaged in some new arrangement of his flower-pots.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      He would take from his own table to his study the back-bone
+      of a hare, or a fish's head; and he would pull out of his
+      pocket, after a walk, a plant or stone to be made tributary
+      to an argument. His manuscripts were as motley as his
+      occupations; the workshop of a mind ever on the alert;
+      evidences mixed up with memorandums for his will; an
+      interesting discussion brought to an untimely end by the
+      hiring of servants, the letting of fields, sending his boys
+      to school, reproving the refractory members of an hospital;
+      here a dedication, there one of his children's
+      exercises&mdash;in another place a receipt for cheap soup. He
+      would amuse his fire side by family anecdotes:&mdash;how one
+      of his ancestors (and he was praised as a pattern of
+      perseverance) separated two pounds of white and black pepper
+      which had been accidentally mixed&mdash;<i>patiens
+      pulveris</i>, he might truly have added; and how, when the
+      <i>Paley arms</i> were wanted, recourse was had to a family
+      tankard which was supposed to bear them, but which he always
+      took a malicious pleasure in insisting had been bought at a
+      sale&mdash;
+    </p>
+    <div class="poem">
+      <div class="stanza">
+        <p>
+          &mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;Haec est
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Vita solutorum miser&acirc; ambitione gravique;
+        </p>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+    <p>
+      the life of a man far more happily employed than in the
+      composition of political pamphlets, or in the nurture of
+      political discontent. Nay, when his friend Mr. Carlyle is
+      about going out with Lord Elgin to Constantinople, the very
+      headquarters of despotism, we do not perceive, amongst the
+      multitude of most characteristic hints and queries which
+      Paley addresses to him, a single fling at the Turk, or a
+      single hope expressed that the day was not very far distant
+      when the Cossacks would be permitted to erect the standard of
+      liberty in his capital.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      I will do your visitation for you (Mr. Carlyle was chancellor
+      of the diocese,) in case of your absence, with the greatest
+      pleasure&mdash;it is neither a difficulty nor a favour.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      Observanda&mdash;1. Compare every thing with English and
+      Cumberland scenery: e.g., rivers with Eden, groves with
+      Corby, mountains with Skiddaw; your sensations of buildings,
+      streets, persons, &amp;c. &amp;c.; e.g., whether the Mufti be
+      like Dr. &mdash;&mdash;, the Grand Seignior, Mr.
+      &mdash;&mdash;.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      2. Give us one day at Constantinople minutely from morning to
+      night&mdash;what you do, see, eat, and hear.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      3. Let us know what the common people have to dinner; get, if
+      you can, a peasant's actual dinner and bottle; for instance,
+      if you see a man working in the fields, call to him to bring
+      the dinner he has with him, and describe it minutely.
+    </p>
+    <hr />
+    <p>
+      4. The diversions of the common people; whether they seem to
+      enjoy their amusements, and be happy, and sport, and laugh;
+      farm-houses, or any thing answering to them, and of what
+      kind; same of public-houses, roads.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      5. Their shops; how you get your breeches mended, or things
+      done for you, and how (i.e. well or ill done;) whether you
+      see the tailor, converse with him, &amp;c.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      6. Get into the inside of a cottage; describe furniture,
+      utensils, what you find actually doing.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      All the stipulations I make with you for doing your
+      visitation is, that you come over to Wearmouth soon after
+      your return, for you will be very entertaining between truth
+      and lying. I have a notion you will find books, but in great
+      confusion as to catalogues, classing, &amp;c.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      7. Describe minutely how you pass one day on ship-board;
+      learn to take and apply lunar, or other observations, and how
+      the midshipmen, &amp;c, do it.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      8. What sort of fish you get, and how dressed. I should think
+      your business would be to make yourself master of the middle
+      Greek. My compliments to Bonaparte, if you meet with him,
+      which I think is very likely. Pick up little articles of
+      dress, tools, furniture, especially from low life&mdash;as an
+      actual smock, &amp;c.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      9. What they talk about; company.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      10. Describe your impression upon first seeing things; upon
+      catching the first view of Constantinople; the novelties of
+      the first day you pass there.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      In all countries and climates, nations and languages, carry
+      with you the best wishes of, dear Carlyle,
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      Your affectionate friend,
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      W. PALEY.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      <i>Quarterly Review</i>.
+    </p>
+    <hr class="full" />
+    <p>
+      <span class="pagenum"><a id="page360" name="page360"></a>[pg
+      360]</span>
+    </p>
+    <h2>
+      SPIRIT OF DISCOVERY.
+    </h2>
+    <hr />
+    <center>
+      <i>The Tea Plant</i>.
+    </center>
+    <p>
+      The tea leaf is plucked from the plant by the manufacturers
+      at <i>three</i> periods during the spring, which crops they
+      call, in their technical phrase, the head, or first spring;
+      the second spring; and the third spring. The quality of the
+      tea varies according to the time of the plucking. The young
+      and tender leaves of course make finer tea than tough and old
+      ones.&mdash;<i>Asiatic Register</i>.
+    </p>
+    <center>
+      <i>Portsmouth Literary and Philosophical Society</i>.
+    </center>
+    <p>
+      We have been much interested with the report of this Society
+      for 1827-8, and we are happy to record the prosperity of the
+      establishment. Some of the lectures, especially those on
+      Geology, or Mineralogy, are very attractive; and in the
+      curator's report, we notice that the Museum, previously rich
+      in fossil organic remains, has been enriched by numerous
+      donations in this department, during the past session. The
+      entire number of specimens in the Museum is upwards of 9,000.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      We have not been at Portsmouth for these three years, and
+      till we saw this report, were not aware that the State
+      Chambers, lately on the Platform Battery, had been pulled
+      down towards the close of last year. The building was of some
+      interest. It was of stone, with walls of considerable
+      thickness, and square vaults below, descending to a level
+      with the parade, and used at different periods as dungeons.
+      The part on which the vane stood, was erected in the reign of
+      Queen Elizabeth, and the other part was built in the time of
+      Charles II., whose name, with the date, was on a marble slab
+      above the doorway. Of late years the building had been
+      modernized and used as a signal-house and subscription
+      reading-room. If we are not mistaken, the edifice had often
+      been much injured by the encroachments of the sea, and
+      probably this led to its removal.
+    </p>
+    <center>
+      <i>Conversations on Geology</i>.
+    </center>
+    <p>
+      We notice with much pleasure a handsome volume under the
+      above popular title, which represents that delightful science
+      in the very attractive form of a series of dialogues between
+      a mother and her children. The Huttonian and Wernerian
+      systems and the Mosaic Geology, are here familiarly
+      explained, and illustrative phenomena and recent discoveries
+      glanced at in the progress of the conversations. How much
+      more profitable are such family recreations than sitting
+      hours over spotted pieces of paper, counting the pips of
+      dice, or simpering over fashionable novels and tales of
+      scandal run mad. Bookish families are usually the happiest,
+      at least if we rightly estimate the term. In an early number
+      we shall endeavour to find some portion of these
+      "Conversations" for our columns.
+    </p>
+    <center>
+      "<i>Arcana of Science for</i> 1829."
+    </center>
+    <p>
+      This work will appear early in January. It will be on the
+      same plan as the volume of last year, and will contain at
+      least <i>thirty engravings</i>, on copper and wood. The
+      <i>mechanical</i> department is unusually copious, and there
+      are some abstracts in the <i>chemical</i>, which are of high
+      value.
+    </p>
+    <center>
+      <i>Rice</i>.
+    </center>
+    <p>
+      Trials have recently been made to grow the dry rice of China
+      in Italy; and it is expected that in time an advantageous
+      cultivation of it may be introduced in France.
+    </p>
+    <center>
+      <i>Turf</i>.
+    </center>
+    <p>
+      A correspondent of a French work on gardening thinks that
+      green turf may be obtained in France by trenching the ground,
+      freeing it from stones, covering the surface with two or
+      three inches of rich compost, and then laying on the turf.
+      The improved soil, he thinks, will retain moisture sufficient
+      to keep the turf growing all the summer, and, consequently,
+      green.
+    </p>
+    <center>
+      <i>Garden of the Hesperides</i>.
+    </center>
+    <p>
+      Lieutenant Beachey, in his <i>Travels in Cyrene</i>, recently
+      published, has thrown some curious light on the ancient
+      account of these celebrated gardens. It appears, that, like
+      many other wonders, ancient and modern, when reduced to
+      simple truth, they are little more than common occurrences.
+      Baron Humboldt and Mr. Bullock have reduced the floating
+      gardens of Mexico to mud banks, with ditches between; and
+      lieutenant Beachey makes it appear, that the gardens of the
+      Hesperides are nothing more than old stone quarries, the
+      bottoms of which have been cultivated.
+    </p>
+    <center>
+      <i>Preparation of Cinnamon</i>.
+    </center>
+    <p>
+      The rough bark is first scraped off with knives, and then,
+      with a peculiar instrument, the inner rind is stripped off in
+      long slips; these are tied up in bundles, and put to dry in
+      the sun, and the wood is sold for fuel. The operation was
+      thus explained to bishop Heber by the cinnamon peelers; but
+      in the regular preparation, the outer bark is not scraped
+      off; but the process of fermentation,
+      <span class="pagenum"><a id="page361" name="page361"></a>[pg
+      361]</span> which the strips undergo when tied up in large
+      quantities, removes the coarse parts. The peelers are called
+      Chaliers.
+    </p>
+    <center>
+      <i>Power of the Sun's Rays</i>.
+    </center>
+    <p>
+      Mr. Mackintosh, contractor for the government works at
+      Stonehouse Point, Devon, lately had to descend in the
+      diving-bell with workmen to lay the foundation of a sea wall.
+      The machine is fitted with convex glasses, in the upper part,
+      to serve the purpose of windows; and Mr. Mackintosh states,
+      that on several occasions, in clear weather, he has witnessed
+      the sun's rays so concentrated by the circular windows, as to
+      burn the labourers' clothes, when opposed to the focal point,
+      and this when the machine was twenty-five feet under the
+      surface of the water!&mdash;<i>From the MS. Journal of the
+      Bristol Nursery Library</i>.
+    </p>
+    <center>
+      <i>The Cowslip and Polyanthus</i>.
+    </center>
+    <p>
+      By sowing the seed of the wild cowslip in the garden, a
+      number of varieties will be produced, some of which have
+      flowers of a beautiful bright red colour. May not this
+      process be the first step towards the formation of our garden
+      polyanthus? if that be not, as is generally supposed, a
+      variety of the primrose, rather than of the
+      cowslip.&mdash;<i>Gard. Mag</i>.
+    </p>
+    <center>
+      <i>French Method of making Coffee</i>.
+    </center>
+    <p>
+      The principal points are these:&mdash;The
+      coffee,&mdash;<i>Turkey or Bourbon</i>,&mdash;should be
+      roasted only till it is of a <i>cinnamon colour</i>, and
+      closely covered up during the process of roasting. In France
+      this is done in closed iron cylinders, turned over a fire by
+      a handle, like a grindstone. The coffee should be coarsely
+      ground soon after it is roasted, but not until quite cool:
+      some think its <i>aroma</i> is better preserved by beating in
+      a mortar, but this is tedious. The proportions for <i>making
+      coffee</i> are usually <i>one pint of boiling water to two
+      and a half ounces of coffee</i>. The coffee being put into
+      the water, the coffee-pot should be covered up, and left for
+      two hours surrounded with hot cinders, so as to keep up the
+      temperature, without making the liquor boil. Occasionally
+      stir it, and after two hours' infusion, remove it from the
+      fire, and allow it a quarter of an hour to settle, and when
+      perfectly clear, decant it. Isinglass, or hartshorn shavings,
+      are sometimes used to clarify coffee; but by this addition
+      you lose a great portion of its delicious aroma.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      Coffee in England is generally <i>over-roasted</i>, and to
+      this fault arise all the inconveniences which are so often
+      attributed to coffee, but which, in reality, are produced by
+      the imperfect modes of its preparation.&mdash;<i>From the
+      Coffee-Drinker's Manual, translated from the French</i>.
+    </p>
+    <center>
+      <i>Ivy</i>.
+    </center>
+    <p>
+      Attached to the officers' barracks at Winchester, is a very
+      fine specimen of ivy; its trunk has been severed off to a
+      height of more than two feet from the ground, yet it has for
+      years continued in healthy vegetation.&mdash;<i>Gard.
+      Mag</i>.
+    </p>
+    <center>
+      <i>Parasite Sycamore</i>.
+    </center>
+    <p>
+      In Kinmel Park, Denbighshire, is an oak tree, which, twenty
+      or thirty years ago, lost one of its largest branches by the
+      wind, and a partial decay was the consequence; a key from a
+      neighbouring sycamore fell into the fracture, which,
+      vegetating, has formed for the old mutilated oak a new head.
+      This parasite appears to have so completely seated itself,
+      that, though the place of its first lodgment is twelve feet
+      from the ground, it is thought that its roots will very soon
+      penetrate to the earth, and at last destroy its venerable
+      nurse.&mdash;<i>Ibid</i>.
+    </p>
+    <center>
+      <i>Turpentine</i>.
+    </center>
+    <p>
+      Common turpentine is the produce of the Scotch pine. Trees
+      with the thickest bark, and which are most exposed to the
+      sun, generally yield the most turpentine. The first incision
+      is made near the foot of the tree, and as the resin flows
+      most abundantly in hot weather, the operations are begun
+      about the end of May, and continued to September. The juice
+      is received into holes dug in the ground, is afterwards taken
+      out with iron ladles, poured into pails, and removed to a
+      hollow trunk, capacious enough to hold three or four barrels.
+      <i>Essential oil of turpentine</i> is obtained by
+      distillation. <i>Common resin</i> is the residuum of the
+      process for obtaining the essential oil. <i>Tar</i> is
+      obtained from the roots and other parts of old trees. <i>Med.
+      Botany</i>.
+    </p>
+    <center>
+      <i>Gum Arabic</i>.
+    </center>
+    <p>
+      The purest and finest gum arabic is brought in caravans to
+      Cairo, by the Arabs of the country round Mounts Tor and
+      Sinai, who bring it from this distance on the backs of
+      camels, sown up in bags, and often adulterated with sand,
+      &amp;c. The gum exudes spontaneously from the bark and trunk
+      of the branches of the tree, in a soft, nearly fluid state,
+      and hardens by exposure to the air, or heat of the sun. It
+      begins to flow in December, immediately after the rainy
+      season, near the flowering time of the tree. Afterwards, as
+      the weather becomes hotter, incisions are made through the
+      bark, to assist the transudation of the
+      juice.&mdash;<i>Ibid</i>.
+    </p>
+    <hr class="full" />
+    <p>
+      <span class="pagenum"><a id="page362" name="page362"></a>[pg
+      362]</span>
+    </p>
+    <h2>
+      SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS
+    </h2>
+    <hr />
+    <h3>
+      RECOLLECTIONS OF A R*T.
+    </h3>
+    <center>
+      <i>Written by Himself</i>.
+    </center>
+    <p>
+      <i>From Blackwood's Magazine.</i>
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      This is a pleasant piece of satire upon the
+      <i>autobiographic</i> mania of the present day. The original
+      article extends to twenty pages, and is throughout a masterly
+      graphic sketch. We have marked a few extracts, which we shall
+      endeavour to connect.
+    </p>
+    <div class="poem">
+      <div class="stanza">
+        <p>
+          "A R&mdash;t! a R&mdash;t! clap to the door."
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          POPE.
+        </p>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+    <p>
+      As I intend to write the following pages entirely for my own
+      amusement, and as they will most probably never meet the eye
+      of mortal man, who alone can decipher them, it is unnecessary
+      for me to make any observations on the doctrine of
+      metempsychosis, to which indeed my reader (if there shall
+      ever be one) may perhaps not be inclined to give implicit
+      belief. It is unnecessary for me, therefore, to begin by
+      alluding to my former visit to this earth. I shall not even
+      hint, whether if it ever took place, it was in antediluvian
+      ages, or during the Babylonian, Grecian, or Roman glory; or
+      in more modern times. Be assured, however, gentle reader, (if
+      any there ever be,) that I have the faculty of
+      observation&mdash;that I have seen many generations of
+      men&mdash;that I have been in almost every corner of the
+      habitable world, and that I am intimately acquainted with the
+      history of mankind.&mdash;(Sir Walter Scott's Novels I have
+      listened to with the greatest attention!)&mdash;I have eat
+      opium in Constantinople&mdash;garlic in Italy&mdash;potatoes
+      in Ireland. I have dabbled my whiskers in Guava
+      jelly&mdash;have drunk rack at Delhi, and at New South Wales
+      I have enjoyed the luxuries of Kangaroo soup and Opossum
+      gravy. I have been at the Highland-moors with young
+      Englishmen&mdash;at Melton with young Scotsmen, and at
+      bathing-quarters with old dowagers and their daughters. I
+      have travelled in all ways&mdash;by seas&mdash;by
+      land&mdash;on foot&mdash;on horseback&mdash;in a
+      carriage&mdash;in a ship&mdash;in a palanquin&mdash;in a
+      muff; but the motion of the camel I never could bear, it so
+      jolted my poor old bones, and discomposed my whole body.
+      India never agreed well with me. The insects, not to mention
+      the serpents, annoyed me. The heat made me quite bilious;
+      and, indeed, I began to feel my liver affected. And however
+      partial I naturally was to perfumes, I soon had a great
+      dislike to the strong smell of musk, which I felt about
+      myself, and which, as I observe every historian agrees, very
+      soon begins to appear in all of my species who reside for any
+      time in India. Musk should not of itself be disagreeable; but
+      to have it constantly below one's nose, and to have every
+      thing you touch smelling of it, you may easily conceive must
+      be very annoying.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      The Count de Buffon, whom we reckon one of our best
+      historians, I see, says we are an omnivorous animal, and that
+      we only seem to prefer hard substances to those which are
+      tender or succulent. In this, however, he is mistaken; at
+      least I can answer for myself. I know, for my part, I prefer
+      mulligatawney and a tender young chicken, to an old pair of
+      boots or a well-picked bone.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      I have the misfortune, my reader, whoever you may be, to
+      belong to a race to which you have an aversion; I may say a
+      perfect horror. I am a wretched proscribed animal. A lady
+      would faint at the sight of me; and if I should merely run
+      across a room, a whole legion of boys and footmen would be
+      after me; and if they should kill me, they themselves, and I
+      am afraid every other person, would give them credit for
+      doing a meritorious action. But, gentle reader, our character
+      is worse than it should be. Although we never received any
+      kindness from man, I am sure I can answer for myself, at
+      least, I have not very often done him mischief for mischief's
+      sake; and do remember that I did not choose my own form, and
+      that perhaps I am now doomed to animate it from the contempt
+      and cruelty, with which, in better days, I may have used the
+      species. But I moralize, and this does not well suit my
+      present condition. You may think it as ridiculous an idea as
+      an oyster in love, which, I remember, used to tickle my
+      fancy. I must only for one moment be allowed to observe, that
+      man bestows far too much care and attention on that
+      green-eyed monster, which I do detest&mdash;I mean the cat.
+      If we were caressed and made much of like it, and half so
+      carefully attended to, I am sure we would make a much better
+      return, and be truly grateful and attached. My friend Buffon
+      seems perfectly to understand their character, and I must be
+      allowed to quote a sentence or two from him, which I know
+      will be much more credited than any thing I could myself say.
+      "They possess," says he, "an innate malice, and perverse
+      disposition, which increase as they grow up, and which
+      education teaches them to conceal, but not to subdue. From
+      determined robbers, the best education can only convert them
+      into flattering <span class="pagenum"><a id="page363"
+      name="page363"></a>[pg 363]</span> thieves, for they have
+      address, subtlety, and desire of plunder." ... "They easily
+      assume the habits of society, but never acquire its manners,
+      for they have only the appearance of attachment and
+      friendship." And again he says, "the cat appears to have no
+      feelings which are not interested&mdash;to have no affection
+      which is not conditional&mdash; and to carry on no
+      intercourse with man, but with the view of turning it to his
+      own advantage. Even the tamest are under no subjection, for
+      they act merely to please themselves."
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      The dog is a very different animal. He is really attached to
+      his master, and only lives to serve him. A dog is a perfect
+      gentleman, and I love to fight with gentlemen.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      The Apostle Paul, in his Epistle to the Philippians,
+      says,&mdash;"Beware of dogs!" c. iii. v. 2. Now, I cannot
+      help always having thought, that he must have meant cats. It
+      is very easy to suppose the Greek word
+      "&kappa;&upsilon;&nu;&alpha;&sigmaf;" "[Greek: kunas]," may
+      have crept in instead of
+      "&gamma;&alpha;&lambda;&alpha;&sigmaf;" "[Greek: galas]" and
+      this, indeed, is I believe, corroborated by the folio
+      manuscript copy of the Bible, of 1223, in the British Museum.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      Our race is generally said to have come from some of the
+      islands in the Levant, or according to others, from Sweden;
+      but I can ascertain with certainty, that my family came to
+      France along with the Huns, and that my immediate ancestors
+      came over to England with William the Conqueror, in 1066. I
+      consider my blood, therefore, as purely British as any of the
+      inhabitants of the island. There is a tradition among us,
+      that the descendants of the pair who cruised with old Noah,
+      settled in the north of Asia, and that we were to be found no
+      where else for about 500 years afterwards. As to this,
+      however, I do not pretend to speak with certainty; but one
+      thing I know, that wherever man is seen to inhabit, we are to
+      be found&mdash;wherever he goes, we attend him. We sent out
+      parties to make discoveries with Vasquez de Gama, Dampier,
+      Anson, and Cook, and although we English gentlemen (who have
+      no blood-relationship with the Norwegians) are known to have
+      such a natural abhorrence at cold, the love of science
+      prevailed, and a strong party were sent to the frozen seas
+      with Ross, Lyon, and Parry. Pontoppidan sagely observes, that
+      "neither the wood nor water R*ts can live farther north than
+      Norway; that there are several districts, as that of
+      Hordenvor, in the diocese of Bergen, and others in the
+      diocese of Aggerhum, where no R*ts are to be found; and that
+      the R*ts on the south banks of the Vormen soon perish, when
+      carried to the north side of it." But we do not reckon Mr.
+      Pontoppidan a historian implicitly to be believed, and indeed
+      the Admiralty took such care of us, that we might have
+      remained for years at the Pole itself, without even having
+      the toothache!
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      We always accompany the first visiters of countries, and when
+      they take possession for their king, we do so for ourselves;
+      and without being put to much trouble in carrying out stores,
+      we have always the best and the pick of every thing. Often
+      have I laughed at the pains man took to preserve his property
+      from man. Stone and iron are made to do their best-armed
+      sentries walking night and day&mdash;when all the time I
+      have, with the coolest composure, been daily wallowing in the
+      best of every thing. Nature abhors a vacuum, and will not
+      allow us to starve, especially in the midst of plenty; but I
+      may safely say, that I never wantonly destroyed, and, if
+      possible, have always preferred the rich man's store.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      Before the flood, as the cave of Yorkshire no doubt proves,
+      we were to be found in this island&mdash;but upon this
+      subject I shall not enter at present. Probably what is now
+      Britain, was not then an island&mdash;I leave this, however,
+      to wiser heads!
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      In the beginning of the year &mdash;&mdash;, my parents
+      accompanied the baggage of the &mdash;&mdash; Dragoon Guards
+      to Scotland. They told me they came in the carts with the
+      sergeants' wives, as being the most comfortable. I was born
+      above one of the stables on the east side of the court of
+      Piershill barracks, or as I used to hear the soldiers then
+      call it, "Jock's Lodge," which is within a mile and a half of
+      Edinburgh. My father was a kind, sensible gentleman, and was
+      much esteemed by all his friends; and I sincerely forgive him
+      for the great desire, and the many attempts he made to eat me
+      up. It was a natural instinct, and poor fellow, he could not
+      be blamed for it. If he had succeeded, it would have saved me
+      many vexations and trials, but my poor mother thought
+      otherwise; and I am sure she fought most valiantly with my
+      father whenever he made any attempt of the kind.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      [He might, perhaps, have lived and died in the barracks where
+      he was born, had it not been for his miraculous escape from a
+      <i>hunt</i> by the officers of the dragoons. A few nights
+      afterwards a large band of R*ts made an excursion of several
+      miles, and in returning, remained for a day or two at Leith.
+      "It being a sea-port, they met with some of their own species
+      from all parts of the world, the
+      <span class="pagenum"><a id="page364" name="page364"></a>[pg
+      364]</span> language of most of whom they could not
+      understand."&mdash;He travels in the pocket of a captain to
+      Edinburgh. His adventures in this city are very amusing. He
+      next sails for Holland.]
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      We set sail in a few days with a fair wind down the Frith,
+      and soon left the Bass and the May behind us. I must confess,
+      I was a little afraid, when, for the first time, I was out of
+      sight of land. It is a dismal thought to have nothing but sea
+      and sky around, and only a frail plank between us and the
+      fathomless depths of ocean. This was my first voyage; but
+      many a day and month and year have I spent on the water since
+      that time.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      I was a little squeamish or so for the first day, but nothing
+      like some of our passengers. The great secret I have always
+      found, is to eat plenty, and drink a little brandy; that is
+      much better than all your quack receipts.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      We had a dog on board, but he was a lazy, mangy fellow, and
+      gave us little trouble. The wind continued favourable, and on
+      the sixth evening, the lights of Goeree and Helvoetsluis were
+      visible. Some of the passengers left us at the latter town;
+      but I merely went ashore and took a rapid look of the
+      streets, and of the guard-ship, which was in the Dock in the
+      centre of the town, and returned to the smack by the
+      captain's boat. I saw rather a curious scene on board the
+      man-of-war. Some of her men had been engaged in a row the
+      previous night, and were sentenced to be flogged. After being
+      stripped, they seemed to dip each man in the water before
+      commencing the more disagreeable part of the operation. If I
+      had not been in such a hurry, I should certainly have made
+      bold to have carried a biscuit to a poor little midshipman,
+      who was condemned to remain twelve hours at the mast-head for
+      some nonsense or other, and who looked most miserably cold.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      Mynheer is certainly a strange fat-bottomed animal after all.
+      His pipe never seems to be out of his mouth, nor his hands
+      out of his pockets. The pilots who came on board, with their
+      very little hats, their immense wide, short breeches, and
+      large wooden shoes, surprised me not a little. The Dutch get
+      the credit of being very cleanly, but I cannot say much as to
+      that, in their persons at least. The Bad Huis, or Bath Hotel,
+      which is on the Boom Keys, the best street in Rotterdam, was
+      recommended to me as the only one a gentleman could go to,
+      and there accordingly I and four of the passengers took up
+      our quarters.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      Upon the whole, there did not appear much to be seen in the
+      town. The inhabitants seemed more an eating and drinking sort
+      of people than any thing else. Their ferries through the town
+      are a very great nuisance, as one cannot always have a doit
+      about them; and a surly, brown, Dutch rascal at one time had
+      the impudence to stop me till I had to borrow from a friend.
+      The statue of Erasmus is a shabby concern.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      A party were intending, I found, to make a trip along the
+      Rhine; so I thought I could not do better than join them. We
+      went by the Hague, Haarlem, and Amsterdam. With the last, I
+      was much disappointed. They say it contains 200,000 human
+      inhabitants, but it has not even a tolerable hotel. The
+      famous Haarlem tulip gardens, I of course visited,
+      particularly those of Van Eeden. I wonder what the fools
+      could see in tulips, who gave 10,000 guilders for one root.
+      The organ is certainly very fine; but it nearly cracked the
+      drum of my ears.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      When at Amsterdam, I was nearly carried off to Archangel,
+      which would, at the time, have been rather a bore indeed.
+      After a grand let-off, given by a rich burgo-master, to which
+      my friends got me a special invitation, I incautiously
+      exceeded in the cura&ccedil;oa, of which I did not at all
+      then know the strength. The vessel put to sea, and I had
+      enough to do to secure my retreat in the pilot boat. From
+      Amsterdam we proceeded in a curious, large diligence to
+      Utrecht, and from that to Cologne. We had twelve (human)
+      passengers inside, who smoked the whole time without
+      intermission. I, as well as all my species, are most partial
+      to perfumes, and I did not therefore fail to visit the
+      representative of Signior Jean Marie Farina in his shop, No.
+      4568, &agrave; la rue haute &agrave; Cologne. Nothing struck
+      me particularly in this town of Cologne. The streets are very
+      narrow, and seemed dull enough. To be sure, the principal
+      one, which is said to be a German league in length, is rather
+      fine. The old convent of the Ladies of St. Ursula, is curious
+      at least. They show you in it the bones of 11,000 virgins,
+      who they say were murdered by the Huns at the time of their
+      invasion, when they destroyed the town. I might easily have
+      had a taste of them; but I had no fancy for such antiquated
+      old maids. In the Cathedral, or Dom, as they call it, you see
+      the tomb of the three famous kings of Cologne, and the gold
+      and silver chests which contain the bones of the Holy
+      Engelberth. I don't think, in the whole town, there is any
+      thing else worth the trouble of looking at. The hotel "Le
+      Prince Charles," I found tolerably comfortable:
+      <span class="pagenum"><a id="page365" name="page365"></a>[pg
+      365]</span> there is a good French cook, but he is a saucy
+      fellow.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      (<i>To be concluded in our next</i>.)
+    </p>
+    <hr class="full" />
+    <h2>
+      THE SELECTOR;<br />
+      AND<br />
+      LITERARY NOTICES OF<br />
+      <i>NEW WORKS</i>.
+    </h2>
+    <hr />
+    <h3>
+      A MOTHER'S LOVE
+    </h3>
+    <div class="poem">
+      <div class="stanza">
+        <p>
+          Oh, beauteous were my baby's dark blue eyes,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Evermore turning to his mother's face,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          So dove-like soft, yet bright as summer skies;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          And pure his cheek as roses, ere the trace
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Of earthly blight or stain their tints disgrace.
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          O'er my loved child enraptured still I hung;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          No joy in life could those sweet hours replace,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          When by his cradle low I watched and sung&mdash;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          While still in memory's ear his father's promise rung.
+        </p>
+      </div>
+      <div class="stanza">
+        <p>
+          Long, long I wept with weak and piteous cry
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          O'er my sweet infant, in its rosy bloom,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          As memory brought my hours of agony
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Again before my mind:&mdash;I mourned his doom;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          I mourned my own: the sunny little room
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          In which, opress'd by sickness, now I lay,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Weeping for sorrows past, and woes to come,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Had been my own in childhood's early day.
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Oh! could those years indeed so soon have passed away!
+        </p>
+      </div>
+      <div class="stanza">
+        <p>
+          Past, as the waters of the running brook;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Fled, as the summer winds that fan the flowers!
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          All that remained, a word&mdash;a tone&mdash;a look,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Impressed, by chance, in those bright joyous hours;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Blossoms which, culled from youth's light fairy bowers,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Still float with lingering scent, as loath to fade,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          In spite of sin's remorseless, 'whelming powers,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Above the wreck which time and grief have made.
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Nursed with the dew of tears, though low in ruin laid.
+        </p>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+    <p>
+      <i>The Sorrows of Rosalie</i>.
+    </p>
+    <hr />
+    <h3>
+      FAGGING AT WINCHESTER SCHOOL.
+    </h3>
+    <p>
+      The following outline of a recent quarrel at Winchester
+      School serves to illustrate the <i>System</i> of
+      <i>Fagging</i> as practised at one of our leading schools,
+      among the "future clergy, lawyers, legislators, and peers of
+      England." It is extracted from a pamphlet by Sir Alexander
+      Malet, Bart.; and we hope this <i>expose</i> will lead to the
+      extermination of the "custom:"&mdash;
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      The prefects, or eight senior boys of the school, are in the
+      habit of fagging the juniors; and that they may have a
+      greater command of their services during meal times, they
+      appoint one of the junior boys with the title of course
+      keeper, whose business it is to take care that whilst the
+      prefects are at breakfast or supper, the juniors sit upon a
+      certain cross bench at the top of the hall, that they may be
+      forthcoming whenever a prefect requires any thing to be done.
+      During that part of the short half-year in which there are no
+      fires kept, a sufficient number of boys for this service was
+      generally furnished from the fourth class, and it was
+      considered that the junior part of the fifth class, which is
+      next in the ascending scale, was exempt from so disagreeable
+      a servitude. It appears, however, that within these few
+      years, there has been a much greater press of boys to enter
+      the school than formerly; the consequence has been, that they
+      have come to it older and more advanced in their studies than
+      formerly, and the upper departments of the school have
+      received a greater accession of numbers in proportion than
+      the lower classes. The fourth class, therefore, gradually
+      furnishing a smaller number of fags, the prefects issued a
+      mandate, that the junior part of the fifth class should share
+      with the fourth in the duty of going on hall: this was for
+      some time submitted to; but at length one of the boys of this
+      class intentionally abstained from seating himself on the
+      cross bench at supper-time, and being seen by the senior
+      prefect, and desired by him to go on hall, refused to do so,
+      and argued the point as a matter of right, alleging, as the
+      ancient usage of the school, the exemption of the junior part
+      of the fifth class from this duty till the commencement of
+      fires; he referred to the course keeper as being the
+      depositary of the rules, and expressed himself prepared to
+      abide by his decision. The course keeper, who does not appear
+      to have been very well versed in the usages of the school,
+      decided that the boy ought to go on hall; and the prefect
+      therefore resolved, not only to enforce this new rule, but to
+      punish the contumely of this unlucky boy by giving him a
+      public chastisement. To this, however, the junior did not
+      feel inclined to submit, and a second prefect laid hold of
+      him, that he might not evade the beating destined for him: a
+      simultaneous movement then took place amongst the juniors,
+      who pinioned the two prefects, released the boy who was being
+      beaten, and gave them to understand that the intended
+      chastisement should not be inflicted. The prefects instantly
+      laid a complaint before the head master, who expelled the boy
+      who had refused to go on hall, and five others, who had
+      appeared most active in preventing the prefect from punishing
+      him.
+    </p>
+    <hr />
+    <h3>
+      WRITTEN IN A LADY'S ALBUM.
+    </h3>
+    <div class="poem">
+      <div class="stanza">
+        <p>
+          As sweeps the bark before the breeze,
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          While waters coldly close around,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Till of her pathway through the seas
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          The track no more is found;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Thus passing down Oblivion's tide,
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          The beauteous visions of the mind
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Fleet as that ocean pageant glide,
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          And leave no trace behind.
+        </p>
+      </div>
+      <div class="stanza">
+        <p>
+          But the pure page may still impart
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          Some dream of feeling, else untold,&mdash;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          The silent record of a heart,
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          E'en when that heart is cold.
+        </p><span class="pagenum"><a id="page366"
+        name="page366"></a>[pg 366]</span>
+        <p>
+          Its lorn memorials here may bloom,&mdash;
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          Perchance to gentle bosoms dear,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Like flowers that linger o'er the tomb
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          Bedewed with Beauty's tear.
+        </p>
+      </div>
+      <div class="stanza">
+        <p>
+          I ask not for the meed of fame.
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          The wreath above my rest to twine,&mdash;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Enough for me to leave my name
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          Within this hallow'd shrine;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          To think that o'er these lines thine eye
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          May wander in some future year,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          And Memory breathe a passing sigh
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          For him who traced them here.
+        </p>
+      </div>
+      <div class="stanza">
+        <p>
+          Calm sleeps the sea when storms are o'er,
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          With bosom silent and serene,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          And but the plank upon the shore
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          Reveals that wrecks have been.
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          So some frail leaf like this may be
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          Left floating on Time's silent tide,&mdash;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          The sole remaining trace of me,&mdash;
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          To tell I lived and died.
+        </p>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+    <p>
+      <i>Malcolm's Scenes of War, &amp;c.</i>
+    </p>
+    <hr />
+    <h3>
+      THE SUICIDE LOVER.
+    </h3>
+    <p>
+      A young man, of rich and respectable parents, was for a long
+      time passionately in love with a young lady of the same town,
+      whose birth and fortune were equal to his own; he had also
+      the good fortune not to displease the young lady. Both
+      families were anxious to bring the business to a conclusion;
+      notwithstanding which the intended always found some specious
+      pretext to put off the ceremony. The parents of the lady,
+      after yielding for some time to the different excuses of
+      their future son-in-law, as they could not find out the
+      motive, began to be weary of being put off so often, and at
+      last declared to him that a rival, who was his equal in every
+      thing, had presented himself, and that if he did not soon
+      make up his mind, they should be obliged to give up to the
+      desire of his rival. The young man upon this information made
+      up his mind; and, after the necessary arrangements, the day
+      for the ceremony arrived. The bride, the two families and
+      friends, were assembled, and waited only for the bridegroom
+      in order to proceed to church, when a servant arrived with
+      the sad intelligence that his master was taken suddenly ill,
+      and in consequence requested that the celebration of the
+      nuptials might once more be deferred for a few days. Two of
+      his friends, who witnessed both the surprise and even the
+      indignation which was marked on every countenance, left the
+      party, and hastened to the gentleman's house, and pointed out
+      in such strong colours the folly, as well as the bad
+      consequences of his behaviour, that he sent them away,
+      assuring them that he would dress himself and follow them
+      immediately. But an hour having elapsed, and no bridegroom
+      appearing, the two friends again set out to inquire into the
+      cause of the delay, which seemed to them more than ever
+      extraordinary. They had just arrived at the foot of his
+      staircase, when they heard the report of a pistol. They
+      hastened to ascend, and having forced open the door of the
+      young man's apartment, they found him dead upon the floor,
+      weltering in his blood. They were so shocked at the sight
+      before them, that they could not return to announce the fatal
+      news, but instantly dispatched a servant for that purpose. It
+      is more easy to conceive than describe the consternation such
+      a piece of intelligence was likely to throw every one into;
+      but the situation of the bride was most to be pitied; she not
+      only lost a lover just on the point of being her husband, but
+      fancied that he had received some calumnious information
+      which caused him to prefer death to the necessity of being
+      united to her. It was some days before this mystery was
+      cleared up, as it was not until the seals were broken, that
+      they found the following written paper in his desk, dated
+      eight days before the fatal catastrophe:&mdash;"I adore
+      Mademoiselle de N&mdash;&mdash;, and shall do so all my life.
+      Her virtues surpassed if possible her charms; and I would
+      sacrifice the last drop of my blood rather than cause her the
+      least uneasiness. But the cruel and dangerous passion of
+      jealousy possesses me to such a degree, that notwithstanding
+      all her merits, the bare idea of a rival makes me wretched.
+      Every effort on my part, joined to the voice of reason, has
+      never been able to eradicate this dreadful poison from my
+      heart, and which I fear is incurable. If I yield to my
+      penchant for her, and become her husband, instead of being a
+      tender lover, of which she is so worthy, I should be a
+      tyrant, whose frenzy would render her more miserable than
+      myself. They press me to bring our union to a conclusion,
+      they threaten me also with a rival, who without doubt
+      deserves her more than I. How can I, miserable wretch that I
+      am, how can I ward off the blow which threatens me? I flatter
+      myself, at least, to have succeeded in my endeavours to
+      conceal the vice of a heart which, although entirely her own,
+      can never exterminate the miserable passion which possesses
+      it. The time approaches with rapid strides when I must make
+      up my mind. Good Heaven direct me! shall I risk making her
+      unhappy? Can I resolve to see her the wife of another? Never,
+      no never! rather let me die a hundred deaths...."
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      This unfortunate youth had written no more, but it was
+      sufficient to prove that he had sacrificed himself for the
+      happiness of his mistress.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      <i>Album of Love</i>.
+    </p>
+    <hr />
+    <p>
+      <span class="pagenum"><a id="page367" name="page367"></a>[pg
+      367]</span>
+    </p>
+    <h3>
+      THE CRUSADER'S SONG.
+    </h3>
+    <center>
+      "Remember the Holy Sepulchre."
+    </center>
+    <div class="poem">
+      <div class="stanza">
+        <p>
+          Forget the land which gave ye birth&mdash;
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          Forget the womb that bore ye&mdash;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Forget each much-loved spot of earth&mdash;
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          Forget each dream of glory&mdash;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Forget the friends that by your side
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          Stood firm as rocks unbroken&mdash;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Forget the late affianced bride,
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          And every dear love token&mdash;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Forget the hope that in each breast
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          Glow'd like a smould'ring ember&mdash;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          But still the Holy Sepulchre,
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          Remember! oh remember!
+        </p>
+      </div>
+      <div class="stanza">
+        <p>
+          Remember all the vows ye've sworn
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          At holy Becket's altar&mdash;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Remember all the ills ye've borne,
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          And scorn'd to shrink or falter&mdash;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Remember every laurel'd field,
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          Which saw the Crescent waving&mdash;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Remember when compell'd to yield,
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          Uncounted numbers braving:
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Remember these, remember too
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          The cause ye strive for, ever;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          The Cross! the Holy Sepulchre!
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          Forget&mdash;forget them never!
+        </p>
+      </div>
+      <div class="stanza">
+        <p>
+          By Him who in that Sepulchre
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          Was laid in Death's cold keeping&mdash;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          By Her who bore, who rear'd him. Her
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          Who by that Cross sat weeping&mdash;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          By those, whose blood so oft has cried
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          Revenge for souls unshriven!&mdash;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          By those, whose sacred precepts guide
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          The path to yonder Heaven!
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          From youth to age, from morn to eve
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          From Spring-tide to December,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          The Holy Sepulchre of Christ
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          Remember! oh remember!
+        </p>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+    <p>
+      <i>Literary Remains of Henry Neele</i>.
+    </p>
+    <hr />
+    <h3>
+      A SERENADE.
+    </h3>
+    <div class="poem">
+      <div class="stanza">
+        <p>
+          Wake, Lady, wake! the midnight Moon
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Sails through the cloudless skies of June;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          The Stars gaze sweetly on the stream,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Which in the brightness of their beam,
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          One sheet of glory lies;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          The glow-worm lends its little light,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          And all that's beautiful and bright
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Is shining in our world to-night,
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          Save thy bright eyes,
+        </p>
+      </div>
+      <div class="stanza">
+        <p>
+          Wake, Lady! wake! the nightingale
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Tells to the Moon her love-lorn tale;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Now doth the brook that's hush'd by day,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          As through the vale she winds her way,
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          In murmurs sweet rejoice;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          The leaves, by the soft night-wind stirr'd,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Are whispering many a gentle word,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          And all Earth's sweetest sounds are heard,
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          Save thy sweet voice.
+        </p>
+      </div>
+      <div class="stanza">
+        <p>
+          Wake, Lady! wake! thy lover waits,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Thy steed stands saddled at the gates;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Here is a garment, rich and rare,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          To wrap thee from the cold night-air;
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          Th' appointed hour is flown.
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Danger and doubt have vanish'd quite,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Our way before lies clear and right,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          And all is ready for the flight,
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          Save thou alone!
+        </p>
+      </div>
+      <div class="stanza">
+        <p>
+          Wake, Lady! wake! I have a wreath
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Thy broad fair brow should rise beneath;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          I have a ring that must not shine
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          On any finger, Love! but thine&mdash;
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          I've kept my plighted vow;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Beneath thy casement here I stand,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          To lead thee by thine own white hand,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Far from this dull and captive strand&mdash;
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          But where art thou?
+        </p>
+      </div>
+      <div class="stanza">
+        <p>
+          Wake, Lady! wake! She wakes! she wakes!
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Through the green mead her course she takes;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          And now her lover's arms enfold
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          A prize more precious far than gold,
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          Blushing like morning's ray;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Now mount thy palfrey, Maiden kind!
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Nor pause to cast one look behind,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          But swifter than the viewless wind,
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          Away! away!
+        </p>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+    <p>
+      <i>Ibid</i>.
+    </p>
+    <hr class="full" />
+    <h2>
+      THE GATHERER
+    </h2>
+    <div class="poem">
+      <div class="stanza">
+        <p>
+          "A snapper-up of unconsidered trifles."
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          SHAKSPEARE.
+        </p>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+    <hr />
+    <h3>
+      FILTHY WATER.
+    </h3>
+    <p>
+      If the unhappy victims of mud-juice had constant access to
+      the solar microscope, and there was occasionally in London a
+      little sunshine to set off the animated bedevilments which
+      are crowded into the composition, and could see thousands of
+      animals, generated in filth, and living in the highest
+      spirits and the greatest abundance, in the stuff destined for
+      their stomachs, they would go mad. Boiled down in tea (for
+      which, in the midst of <i>starvation</i>, a cockney pays five
+      hundred per cent. beyond its value, and a tax of five hundred
+      per cent. more than that,) these centipedes, toads, small
+      alligators, large worms, white bait, snails, caterpillars,
+      maggots, eels, minnows, weeds, moss, offal in detachments,
+      gas-juice, vinegar lees, tallow droppings, galls, particles
+      of dead men, women, children, horses, and dogs, train-oil,
+      copper, dye-stuff, soot, and dead fish, are all, according to
+      the chemistry of the washerwomen, neutralized, mollified,
+      clarified, and rectified&mdash;but this we doubt; and if any
+      of the unhappy persons who imbibe nastiness fourteen times a
+      week, under the idea that it is good and wholesome because it
+      is hot, will take the trouble to look at the agreeable
+      deposit in the bottom of the "slop-basin," they will find
+      that independent of all the muddy, fishy, oily, gaseous,
+      animal and vegetable stuff, introduced into their stomachs
+      under the guise of that most poisonous of all herbs, tea,
+      they are in the habit of swallowing mud, earth, stones, sand,
+      and gravel, in quantities sufficient to establish in less
+      than three months spaces of land as big as Cornish freeholds
+      in their insides.&mdash;<i>John Bull</i>.
+    </p>
+    <hr />
+    <h3>
+      NAPOLEON.
+    </h3>
+    <p>
+      While Napoleon was a subaltern in the army, a Russian officer
+      remarked, with much self-sufficiency, "That his country
+      fought for glory and the French for gain."&mdash;"You are
+      perfectly right," answered Napoleon; "every one fights for
+      that which he does not possess."
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      INA.
+    </p>
+    <hr />
+    <h3>
+      FORBIDDEN FRUIT.
+    </h3>
+    <p>
+      Sir Richard Steele, who represented the borough of
+      Stockbridge, Hants, in parliament in the reign of Queen Anne,
+      carried his election against a powerful opposition, by
+      sticking a large apple full
+      <span class="pagenum"><a id="page368" name="page368"></a>[pg
+      368]</span> of guineas, and declaring that it should be the
+      prize of that man whose wife was first brought to bed after
+      that day nine months. This merry offer procured him the
+      interest of the ladies, who, it is said, commemorate Sir
+      Richard's bounty to this day, and once made a vigorous effort
+      to procure a standing order of the corporation, that no man
+      should ever be received as a candidate who did not offer
+      himself on the same terms.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      HALBERT H.
+    </p>
+    <hr />
+    <h3>
+      EPITAPH ON A SILLY, DRUNKEN SOT.
+    </h3>
+    <p>
+      His life and death five letters do express; A.B.C. he knew
+      not, and he died of X.S.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      G.J.F.
+    </p>
+    <hr />
+    <h3>
+      CONVENIENT ABSENCE.
+    </h3>
+    <p>
+      An individual often visited a landscape painter, who had a
+      very beautiful wife, but he always met with the husband.
+      "Zounds," said he, one day to him, "for a painter of
+      landscapes, you are very seldom in the country."
+    </p>
+    <hr />
+    <h3>
+      TARRAGON.
+    </h3>
+    <p>
+      We recommend our correspondent, <i>Qy?</i> to steep shalots
+      and tarragon in vinegar, to be used as a sauce with
+      rump-steaks. Or he may chop the shalots and tarragon <i>very
+      fine</i>, and sprinkle them over the meat. Tarragon sprinkled
+      over mutton chops is a nice relish; and with <i>sauce
+      piquante</i> flavoured with the above vinegar, makes a dish
+      on "which the gods might dine."
+    </p>
+    <hr />
+    <h3>
+      PEREMPTORY CONCLUSION.
+    </h3>
+    <p>
+      An advocate, whose pleading appeared too diffuse for the
+      cause he was defending, had received an order from the first
+      president to abridge it; but the former, without omitting a
+      word of his intended address, replied in a firm tone, that
+      all he uttered was essential. The president, hoping at length
+      to make him silent, said to him, "The court orders you to
+      <i>conclude</i>." "Well," replied the advocate, "then I
+      <i>conclude</i> that the court shall hear me."
+    </p>
+    <hr />
+    <h3>
+      GROUNDS OF RECOGNITION.
+    </h3>
+    <p>
+      A man went to a restaurateur's (or chop-house) in France, to
+      dine. He perceived another man in the room and hurried away
+      to tell the master. "If you do not, Sir, order that man, who
+      is dining alone at the table in the corner, out of your
+      house, a respectable individual will not be able to sit down
+      in it."&mdash;"How is that, Sir?"&mdash;"Because that is the
+      executioner of R&mdash;&mdash;." The host, after some
+      hesitation, at length went and spoke to the stranger, who
+      calmly answered him: "By whom have I been
+      recognised?"&mdash;"By that gentleman," said the landlord,
+      pointing out the former. "Indeed, he ought to know me, for it
+      is not two years since I whipped and branded him."
+    </p>
+    <hr />
+    <h3>
+      SINGULAR MISTAKE.
+    </h3>
+    <p>
+      A courtier was playing at piquet, and was greatly annoyed by
+      a short-sighted man with a long nose. To get rid of it he
+      took his pocket handkerchief and wiped his troublesome
+      neighbour's nose. "Ah, sir," said he immediately, "I really
+      beg your pardon, I took it for my own."
+    </p>
+    <hr />
+    <h3>
+      BROTHERS AND SISTERS.
+    </h3>
+    <p>
+      During the revolution, a young man was travelling in the
+      Diligence to Lyons with "<i>a brother and a friend</i>," when
+      they had got about half way the latter's purse became empty;
+      "<i>Brother</i>," said he to the young man, "pay for me, and
+      I will return it to you at Lyons." "I cannot."&mdash;"Why,
+      are we not brothers?" "Oh certainly, but <i>our purses are
+      not sisters</i>."
+    </p>
+    <hr />
+    <h3>
+      SPANISH REFUGEES.
+    </h3>
+    <p>
+      As philanthropy is of no <i>caste</i> or creed, let us dip
+      our pen "in the milk of human kindness," and recommend each
+      of our readers to contribute the amount of the MIRROR
+      purchase-money&mdash;<i>Two-pence</i>&mdash;to the fund for
+      relief of the Spanish Refugees.
+    </p>
+    <hr />
+    <h3>
+      THE ANNUALS.
+    </h3>
+    <p>
+      The SUPPLEMENT announced in No. 340 of the MIRROR, will be
+      published next Saturday, December 6, and will contain Notices
+      of such of the ANNUALS as were not included in the previous
+      Supplement, with a FINE ENGRAVING, and their <i>Spirit</i>,
+      or <i>Second Sight</i>.
+    </p>
+    <hr />
+    <center>
+      LIMBIRD'S EDITION OF THE<br />
+      <i>Following Novels are already Published</i>:
+    </center>
+    <pre>
+                                       s.   d.
+Mackenzie's Man of Feeling . . . . . . 0    6
+Paul and Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . 0    6
+The Castle of Otranto. . . . . . . . . 0    6
+Almoran and Ramet. . . . . . . . . . . 0    6
+Elizabeth, or the Exiles of Siberia. . 0    6
+The Castles of Athlin and Dunbayne . . 0    6
+Rasselas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0    8
+The Old English Baron. . . . . . . . . 0    8
+Nature and Art . . . . . . . . . . . . 0    8
+Goldsmith's Vicar of Wakefield . . . . 0   10
+Sicilian Romance . . . . . . . . . . . 1    0
+The Man of the World . . . . . . . . . 1    0
+A Simple Story . . . . . . . . . . . . 1    4
+Joseph Andrews . . . . . . . . . . . . 1    6
+Humphry Clinker. . . . . . . . . . . . 1    8
+The Romance of the Forest. . . . . . . 1    8
+The Italian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2    0
+Zeluco, by Dr. Moore . . . . . . . . . 2    6
+Edward, by Dr. Moore . . . . . . . . . 2    0
+Roderick Random. . . . . . . . . . . . 2    6
+The Mysteries of Udolpho . . . . . . . 3    6
+</pre>
+    <hr class="full" />
+    <blockquote class="footnote">
+      <a id="footnote1" name="footnote1"></a><b>Footnote 1</b>:
+      <a href="#footnotetag1">(return)</a>
+      <p>
+        12th February, 1586-7.
+      </p>
+    </blockquote>
+    <blockquote class="footnote">
+      <a id="footnote2" name="footnote2"></a> <b>Footnote 2</b>:
+      <a href="#footnotetag2">(return)</a>
+      <p>
+        Here Henry Percy, the fourth Earl of Northumberland, was
+        murdered by an infuriated mob, in the fourth year of Henry
+        VII.; he having, as lord lieutenant of the county, levied a
+        tax on the people by order of his sovereign, for carrying
+        on the war in Bretague. Skelton, poet-laureat to Henry
+        VIII. lamented his death in some elegiac lines.
+      </p>
+    </blockquote>
+    <blockquote class="footnote">
+      <a id="footnote3" name="footnote3"></a> <b>Footnote 3</b>:
+      <a href="#footnotetag3">(return)</a>
+      <p>
+        Aldburgh, or Aldborough, so called by the Normans, was the
+        Iseur of the Ancient Britons, and the Isurium of the
+        Romans. Perhaps there is not another Roman city, not even
+        excepting York, where so many antiquities have been
+        discovered. The opening of ancient baths, burial vaults,
+        &amp;c. has led to the finding of tesselated pavements,
+        coins, urns, rings, lachrymatories, seals, monumental
+        inscriptions, medals, statues, chains, sacrificing vessels,
+        &amp;c. It is to be lamented that modern ignorance and
+        barbarity are fast obliterating all traces of the Roman
+        walls of Isurium; their foundations having been dug up for
+        the mercenary purpose of obtaining their materials. We
+        cannot sufficiently censure such irreverence to "hoar
+        antiquity," or the contracted and grovelling ideas which
+        actuate such village Vandals.
+      </p>
+    </blockquote>
+    <blockquote class="footnote">
+      <a id="footnote4" name="footnote4"></a> <b>Footnote 4</b>:
+      <a href="#footnotetag4">(return)</a>
+      <p>
+        The following letter was addressed by Layton, one of the
+        emissaries of the Dissolution, to Lord Cromwell, at the
+        Reformation:&mdash;
+      </p>
+      <p>
+        "Please your worship to understand that the Abbot of
+        Fountaynes hath so greatly dilapidated his house, wasted ye
+        woods, notoriously keeping six &mdash;&mdash;&mdash;; and
+        six days before our coming, he committed theft and
+        sacrilege, confessing the same; for at midnight he caused
+        the chapleyne to stele the keys of the secton, and took out
+        a jewel, a cross of gold with stones; one <i>Warren</i>, a
+        goldsmith of the Chepe, was with him in his chamber at the
+        hour, and there they stole out a great emerode with a
+        rubye, the said <i>Warren</i> made the Abbot believe the
+        rubye was a garnet, and so for that he paid nothing for the
+        emerode, but &pound;20. He sold him also plate, without
+        weight or ounces.
+      </p>
+      <p>
+        "Subscribed, your poor Priest<br />
+        and faithful servant,<br />
+        R. LAYTON."
+      </p>
+    </blockquote>
+    <hr class="full" />
+    <p>
+      <i>Printed and Published by J. LIMBIRD, 143, Strand, (near
+      Somerset House,) London; sold by ERNEST FLEISCHER, 626, New
+      Market, Leipsic; and by all Newsmen and Booksellers.</i>
+    </p>
+<div>*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 11404 ***</div>
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/11404-h/images/343-1.png b/11404-h/images/343-1.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f2e7584
--- /dev/null
+++ b/11404-h/images/343-1.png
diff --git a/LICENSE.txt b/LICENSE.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6312041
--- /dev/null
+++ b/LICENSE.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+This eBook, including all associated images, markup, improvements,
+metadata, and any other content or labor, has been confirmed to be
+in the PUBLIC DOMAIN IN THE UNITED STATES.
+
+Procedures for determining public domain status are described in
+the "Copyright How-To" at https://www.gutenberg.org.
+
+No investigation has been made concerning possible copyrights in
+jurisdictions other than the United States. Anyone seeking to utilize
+this eBook outside of the United States should confirm copyright
+status under the laws that apply to them.
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0b17386
--- /dev/null
+++ b/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+Project Gutenberg (https://www.gutenberg.org) public repository for
+eBook #11404 (https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/11404)
diff --git a/old/11404-8.txt b/old/11404-8.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5305f6c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/old/11404-8.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,2103 @@
+The Project Gutenberg eBook, The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and
+Instruction, Vol. 12, Issue 343, November 29, 1828, by Various
+
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+
+
+
+Title: The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and Instruction, Vol. 12,
+Issue 343, November 29, 1828
+
+Author: Various
+
+Release Date: March 2, 2004  [eBook #11404]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: iso-8859-1
+
+
+***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE MIRROR OF LITERATURE,
+AMUSEMENT, AND INSTRUCTION, VOL. 12, ISSUE 343, NOVEMBER 29, 1828***
+
+
+E-text prepared by Jonathan Ingram, Allen Siddle, David Garcia, and the
+Project Gutenberg Online Distributed Proofreading Team
+
+
+
+Note: Project Gutenberg also has an HTML version of this
+      file which includes the original illustration.
+      See 11404-h.htm or 11404-h.zip:
+      (http://www.ibiblio.org/gutenberg/1/1/4/0/11404/11404-h/11404-h.htm)
+      or
+      (http://www.ibiblio.org/gutenberg/1/1/4/0/11404/11404-h.zip)
+
+
+
+
+THE MIRROR OF LITERATURE, AMUSEMENT, AND INSTRUCTION.
+
+VOL. 12, NO. 343.] SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 29, 1828. [PRICE 2d.
+
+
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+[Illustration: THE ADMIRALTY OFFICE, WHITEHALL.]
+
+
+THE ADMIRALTY-OFFICE.
+
+
+The _Admiralty Office, Whitehall_, has few pretensions to architectual
+beauty. It is, however, to use a common phrase, a _commanding_ pile, and
+its association with Britain's best bulwarks--her NAVY--renders it an
+interesting subject for representation.
+
+The Admiralty-office adjoins to the north side of the Horse Guards,
+and was erected by Ripley, in the reign of George II., on the site of
+Wallingford House. It recedes from, but communicates with, the street by
+advancing wings, and is built principally of brick. In the centre of the
+main building is a lofty portico, of the Ionic order, the taste of which
+is not entitled to much praise. It consists of four columns, and on the
+entablature is an anchor in bold relief. Here are the offices, and the
+spacious abodes of the lords commissioners of the admiralty, together
+with a handsome hall, &c. On the roof of the building is a Semaphore
+telegraph, which communicates orders by signal to the principal ports
+of the empire.
+
+But the most tasteful portion of the whole, is a stone screen, by Adams,
+in front of an open court, and facing the street. The style is
+exceedingly chaste and pleasing, and the decorations are characteristic
+naval emblems, finely executed. The representation of two ancient vessels
+in the end entablatures, merit especial notice.
+
+Since the appointment of the Duke of Clarence to the office of lord high
+admiral, the Admiralty has been the town residence of his royal highness.
+The exterior has been repaired, and the interior in part refitted. The
+screen has likewise been renovated with much care, and two of the
+entrances considerably enlarged, but with more regard to convenience than
+good taste. The portion occupied by the royal duke contains a splendid
+suite of state rooms, within whose walls have frequently been assembled
+all the bravery, as well as rank, of the empire; for the interests of the
+noble service are too dear to his royal highness to be eclipsed by the
+false lights of wealth or fashion.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+HUITAIN DE CLEMENT MAROT.
+
+(_For the Mirror_.)
+
+
+  Plus ne suis ce que j'ay esté
+  Et ne le scaurois jamais estre,
+  Mon beau printemps et mon esté
+  Ont fait le saut par la fenestre.
+  Amour! tu as esté mon maistre
+  Je t'ai servi sur tous les Dieux,
+  O si je pouvois deux fois naistre,
+  Comment je te se virois mieux!
+
+
+_Imitation_.
+
+  I am no more, what I have been
+    And ne'er again shall be so.
+  My summer bright, my spring time green,
+    Have flown out of the window.
+  Oh love, my master thou hast been,
+    I, first of gods, instal thee,
+  Oh! could I e'en be born again,
+    Thou doubly would'st enthral me.
+
+D.M.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+TEMPLE AT ABURY.
+
+(_To the Editor of the Mirror_.)
+
+
+There is an inconsistency in the account of Abury in No. 341, perhaps
+overlooked by yourself.
+
+I would ask, how could that arrangement of the fabric, so fancifully
+and ingeniously described by Stukely, be intended to represent the
+Trinity, when the place was confessedly in existence long anterior to
+Christianity? nor is there any thing in the old Druidical or Bardic
+tenets that can be twisted to any such idea.
+
+This _Abury_, with _Silbury_, is supposed to be the _Cludair Cyfrangon_,
+or _Heaped Mound of Congregations_, mentioned in the _Triads_, the
+building of which is recorded as "one of the three mighty achievements of
+the Isle of Britain;" and here were held the general assemblies of the
+Britons on religious occasions, and not at Stonehenge, as is generally
+supposed. This last place is decidedly more modern than the pile at
+_Abury_; the Welsh call it _Gwaith Emrys, (the work of Emrys_,) and it
+ranks as another of the mighty achievements of the Isle of Britain, the
+third being "the raising of the Stone of Keti," supposed to be the "_Maen
+Ceti_" at Gwyr, in Glamorganshire.
+
+The presumption that _Stonehenge_ is more modern than _Abury_ is founded
+upon the fact that Stonehenge exhibits marks of the chisel in different
+parts, while the former does not. The ancient British documents give us
+the founder of the latter, namely, _Emrys_, or _Ambrosius_, while we are
+left in ignorance as to who raised the pile of _Cyfrangon_.
+
+Nor was Stonehenge ever of such magnitude as _Abury_, the diameter of the
+former being 99 feet, whilst the latter was 1,400; the largest stones of
+the former weigh 30 tons, but the latter weigh 100 tons!
+
+_Gwaith Emrys_ was possibly more for political than religious assemblies.
+Here was held the meeting of the Britons and Saxons, when the _Plot of
+the Long Knives_ (_Twyll y Cyllyll Hirion_) was consummated, and the
+flower of the British chiefs treacherously destroyed by their pretended
+friends.
+
+Different authors have strenuously contended for giving the honour of
+supremacy to either of these places over both Britain and Gaul, in the
+days of Druidism; but Rowlands has industriously placed its chief seat in
+Anglesey.
+
+LEATHART.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+TRANSLATED EPITAPH.
+
+(_To the Editor of the Mirror_.)
+
+
+  Quod fuit esse quod est, quod non fuit esse quod esse,
+  Esse quod est non esse, quod est non, erit esse.
+
+
+As a translation of this curious epitaph (in Lavenham churchyard) which
+is formed out of two Latin words, has been requested from some of your
+readers, I send the following:--
+
+
+  What John Giles has been
+    Is what he is, (_a bachelor_.)
+  What he has not been,
+    Is what he is, (_a corpse_.)
+  To be what he is
+    Is not to be, (_a living creature_.)
+  He will have to be
+    What he is not. (_dust_.)
+
+JOSEPH MASON.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+_Another_.
+
+
+  What we have been and what we are,
+    The present and the time that's past,
+  We cannot properly compare
+    With what we are to be at last.
+
+  Tho' we ourselves have fancied forms,
+    And beings that have never been,
+  We unto something shall be turned--
+    Which we have not conceived or seen.
+
+G.H.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+MARY QUEEN OF SCOTS.
+
+(_For the Mirror_.)
+
+
+The ensuing letter, though very short, discloses one or two instances
+connected with a subject of unfading interest--the death of Mary Queen
+of Scots. It need hardly be stated, says an able writer on this subject,
+that Queen Elizabeth's conduct with respect to the execution of Mary was
+a mixture of unrelenting cruelty, despicable cowardice, and flagitious
+hypocrisy; that whilst it was the dearest wish of her heart to deprive
+her kinswoman of her existence, she attempted to remove the odium of the
+act from herself, by endeavouring to induce those to whose custody she
+was intrusted to assassinate their prisoner; that when she found she
+could not succeed, she commanded the warrant to be forwarded; and that
+when she knew it was too late to recall it, asserted that she never
+intended it should be carried into execution, threw herself into a
+paroxysm of affected rage and grief, upbraided her counsellors, and
+first imprisoned and then sacrificed the fortunes of her poor secretary,
+Davison, one of her most virtuous servants, as a victim to her own fame,
+and the resentment of the King of Scots. These damning facts in the
+character of Elizabeth are too well known to require to be dilated on;
+they have eclipsed the few noble actions of her life, and remain
+indelible spots on her reputation as a woman and a sovereign. But we
+learn from this letter the humiliating effects made by her ministers
+to appease her fury, and her implacable resolution to overwhelm the
+unfortunate Davison with the effect of her assumed, or perhaps real
+repentance. In his apology, that statesman informs us, that on the
+Friday after Mary's execution, namely, on the 10th of February, arriving
+at the court he learnt the manner in which the queen had expressed
+herself relative to the event; but being advised to "_absent himself for
+a day or two_," and being, moreover, extremely ill, he left the court,
+and returned to London. Woolley's communication being dated on _Sunday_,
+(the manuscript is so excessively badly written as to be almost
+illegible,) shows that Elizabeth did not summon her council, and evince
+her displeasure at their conduct, until Saturday, the 13th of February,
+two days after she was informed of Mary's fate. Davison had been
+attacked with a stroke of the palsy shortly before, and all he says of
+his committal is, that he was not sent to the Tower until Tuesday the
+14th, on account of his illness; though some days previous (probably on
+Saturday the 10th) the queen assembled her council.
+
+This letter also exhibits a specimen of Leicester's characteristic
+meanness; for notwithstanding that he was a party to the act of
+forwarding the warrant for Mary's death, as his name occurs among those
+of the council who signed the letters to the Earl of Shrewsbury, the earl
+marshal, and to the Earl of Kent, both of which were dated on the 3rd of
+February, 1586-7, commanding them to cause it to be put into execution,
+he took care to withdraw from court before Elizabeth performed the roll,
+which has so justly excited the scorn of posterity. It may be also
+remarked, as another example of the official duplicity of the period,
+that Sir Francis Walsingham likewise affected not to have been concerned
+in the affair of dispatching the warrant, as in his letter to Lord
+Thulstone, the secretary to King James, dated at Greenwich, on the 4th of
+March, 1586-7, less than a month afterwards, he says, "_Being absent from
+court_ when the late execution of the queen, your sovereign mother,
+happened," though we find that he signed both the letters just mentioned.
+
+G.B.
+
+_A Letter from John Woolley, clerk of the Council in the time of
+Elizabeth, to the Earl of Leicester_.
+
+To the Righte Honorable my singular good the Earle of Leycester, one of
+her Maties Most Honorable Privie Councell.
+
+RYGHTE Honorable and my moste especiall goode Lorde,--It pleased her
+M'tye yesterday night to call the lord treasurer and other of her
+councell before her into her withdrawing chamber, where she rebuked us
+all exceedingly, from our concealing from her our proceeding in the Queen
+of Scott's case; but her indignation particularlye lyghteth most upon my
+lord treasurer and Mr. Davison, who called us togeather, and delivered
+the commissione, for she protesteth she gave _expresse commandement_ to
+the contrarye, and therefore hath taken order for the committing of Mr.
+Secretary Davison to the Tower, iff she contenew in the mynd she was
+yeterday night, albeit we all kneeled upon our knees to praye her to the
+contrarye.
+
+I think your lordship happy to be absent from these broiles, and thought
+it my dewtye to lett you understand them; and so in haste I humblye take
+my leave.--At the Courte, this present Sunday,[1] 1586.
+
+Your lordship's ever most bounden,
+
+J. WOOLLEY.
+
+P.S. I have oftentimes sent unto John, your old servante, Mr. Norld, to
+pray humbly your lordship's orders for the ordering of his case; he hath
+been long in prisone, and desireth your lordship's orders for the hearing
+of his case, which it may please your lordship to express unto
+me.--_Cottonian MSS. Caligula, c. ix. fol. 168_, (_Original_.)
+
+
+    [1] 12th February, 1586-7.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+
+The Topographer
+
+
+A VISIT TO STUDLEY PARK AND FOUNTAINS ABBEY, YORKSHIRE.
+
+_With a Notice of the Roman Military Road, leading from Aldborough (the
+Isurium of the Romans,) to the North._
+
+
+  "Yet still thy turrets drink the light
+    Of summer evening's softest ray;
+  And ivy garlands, green and bright,
+    Still mantle thy decay;
+  And calm and beauteous, as of old,
+  Thy wand'ring river glides in gold."
+
+A.A. WATTS.
+
+
+Among the most attractive scenes of northern Yorkshire is Studley Park,
+renowned for the richness of its sylvan scenery, which embosoms the noble
+ruin of Fountains Abbey.
+
+For the date of my visit to this _Arcadia_, I must refer the reader to
+that season of life when the pure source of thought and feeling is
+untainted by the world. It is eleven miles from my home to Studley Park,
+five of which I walked in the twilight of a summer's evening, and slept
+at a little cottage by the way. The day had been sultry, and the moon
+rose slowly over the mounds of Maiden Bower, once the site of the noble
+mansion of the Percys, now destroyed and desolate;[2] and fell in dreary
+softness on tower and wood, illumining the sable firs of Newby Park, and
+throwing another lustre on the gaudy "gowans" that decked the adjacent
+meadow. Here was a scene for the poetic sympathy of youth:
+
+
+             "That time is past,
+  And all its giddy rapture;
+  Yet not for this faint I, nor mourn;
+  Other gifts have followed; for such loss
+  I would believe, abundant recompense."
+
+WORDSWORTH.
+
+
+The morning found me, after an early breakfast, on the road to Studley
+Park. Now there are some "moods of my own mind" in which I detest all
+vehicles of conveyance, when on an excursive tour to admire the antique
+and picturesque.--Thus what numerous attractions are presented to us,
+sauntering along the woody lane on foot, which are lost or overlooked
+in the velocity of a drive! On the declivity of a meadow, inviting our
+reflection, rises a little Saxon church, grey with antiquity, and
+solemnized by its surrounding memorials of "Here lies."--Across the
+heath, encircled with fences of uncouth stones, stands a stern record
+of feudal yore; at the next turn peeps the rectory, encircled with old
+firs, trained fruit trees, and affectionate ivy; beneath yon darkened
+thickets rolls the lazy Ure, expanding into laky broadness; and, beyond
+yon western woods, which embower the peaceful hamlet, are seen the
+"everlasting hills," across which the enterprising Romans constructed
+their road. I next passed the boundaries of Newby Park, the property of
+Lord Grantham. Here beneath enormous beeches were clustering the timid
+deer, "in sunshine remote;" and the matin songs of birds were sounding
+from the countless clumps which skirt this retreat. Within that solitude
+had I enjoyed the society of a brother, alas, now no more! and yet the
+landscape wore the same sunny smile as when I carved his name on the
+towering obelisk before him. I felt that sorrow so exquisitely described
+by _Burns_:
+
+
+  "How can ye bloom so fresh and fair;
+  How can ye chant, ye little birds,
+  And I so weary, fu' o' care."
+
+
+Leaving Rainton, a sudden rise brings you to the _Roman Military Road_,
+leading from Aldborough,[3] the Isurium of the Romans, to Inverness, in
+Scotland. This road was repaired by the Empress Heleanae, and hence the
+corruption, from her name, of Learning Lane, its present designation.
+It was laid by the Romans, with stones of immense size, which have
+frequently been dug up. The _Via Appia_, at _Rome_, which has lasted
+1,800 years, resembles it in construction. Raised considerably above the
+level of the country which it crosses, it is an object of wonder and
+interest even to the illiterate, on account of the continuous perspective
+it presents; there being no _bend_ in it for several miles. Traversing
+this noble monument of art, how are we led to think on the "strange
+mutations" which have overthrown kings and kingdoms in the period of its
+duration, whilst the road remains "like an eternity:"
+
+
+ON CROSSING THE ROMAN MILITARY ROAD, LEADING FROM ISURIUM TO THE NORTH.
+
+
+  O'er classic ground my humble feet did plod,
+    My bosom beating with the glow of song;
+    And high-born fancy walk'd with me along,
+  Treading the earth Imperial Caesar trod.
+
+  A thousand rural objects on the way
+    Had been my theme-but far-off years arose,
+    When ancient Britain bow'd beneath her foes,
+  Adding resplendence to great Caesar's day:
+
+  When sounds of Roman arms through valley rung,
+    And rose that glorious morn upon our isle,
+    No night can hide, or cloud conceal its smile,
+  That dazzling morn, which out of darkness sprung.
+    Enduring cenotaph of Roman fame--
+    More than this record of their mighty name!
+
+
+I reached the ancient town of Ripon as the bells were merrily ringing in
+the towers of its old collegiate minster, for it was the anniversary of
+its patron saint, St. Wilfred. After refreshment, and a walk of three
+miles, I arrived at _Studley Park_. The fairy effect produced on entering
+this beautiful retreat is almost indescribable. We suddenly exchange the
+field and forest scenery for all the poetry of prospect. On the right is
+a declivity clothed with laurel, and stretching far away; and on the left
+a lofty and well trimmed fence of laurel, forms a screen or curtain to
+the valley beneath; the sighing of distant woods and the dashing of
+waterfalls, break on the enraptured ear, and cause the anxious eye to
+long for some opening in the verdant shroud. Anon the valley is seen; and
+through an aperture in the laurel wall, cut in imitation of a window,
+breaks as sweet a scene as ever _Claude_ immortalized! Unwilling to
+hazard a formal description, I will merely attempt an outline. Far below,
+the silver waters of the _Skell_ meander softly amongst statues of
+tritons, throwing up innumerable fountain streams. These are masterly
+executions after the ancient sculptors, and give the scene an air of
+Grecian classicality. Around these triumphs of art, rise lofty woods of
+graceful birch, varied by dark fir, and interspersed with erections of
+Roman and Gothic design. It is in the contemplation of these beauties
+that fancy recalls the mythology of rocky woods, peopled with Dryads and
+Fauns. Passing by a circuitous path to the other side of this Eden, by
+sloping walks shaded with ilex, ancient oak, sycamore, cypress, and bay,
+we have a view of the extent of the valley, terminating with the ruins of
+_Fountains Abbey_, and flanked by rocks, wildly overgrown with shrubs;
+and before us, seen more distinctly, are the statues of _Hercules_ and
+_Antaeus_, and a _Dying Gladiator_--the Temple of Piety, in which are
+bronze busts of Titus Vespasian and Nero, and a fine bas-relief of the
+Grecian Daughter. In front of this temple the water assumes a variety of
+fantastical forms, ornamented at different points by statues of Neptune,
+Bacchus, Roman Wrestlers, Galatea, &c. The banqueting-house contains a
+Venus de Medicis, and a painting of the Governor of Surat, on horseback,
+in a Turkish habit; on the front of this building are spirited figures
+of Envy, Hatred, and Malice. From the octagon tower, Mackershaw Lodge
+and Wood are seen to great advantage; and from the Gothic temple, the
+dilapidated abbey is an object of striking solemnity; whilst an opening
+in the distance shows the venerable towers of Ripon Minster.
+
+Wandering eastward, we arrive at the precincts of Fountains Abbey, which
+gradually presents its monastic turrets midway in a dell, skirted by
+hills crowned with trees, and varied by rocky slopes to the brook. This
+abbey was founded in consequence of the disgust which certain monks of
+the Benedictine order at St. Mary's, York, had imbibed against their
+_relaxed_ discipline; when struck with the famed austerities of the monks
+of Rievaulx, they left their abode, and retired to this valley, under the
+shade of seven yew trees, six of which were (in 1818) standing. The abbey
+was destroyed in the reign of Stephen, and rebuilt in 1204.[4] The
+present ruin is celebrated for the sublimity of its architecture, many
+parts of which are as perfect as when first erected. The tower is 160
+feet in height, and is a fine specimen of Gothic, in its best taste. It
+may with safety be asserted, that no church or abbey in England can boast
+of such an elegant elevation. The cloisters, 270 feet in length, and
+divided by 19 pillars and 20 arches, extend across the rivulet, which
+is arched over to support them; and near to the south end is a large
+circular stone basin. This almost subterranean solitude is dimly lighted
+by lancet windows, which are partially obscured by oaks, beeches, and
+firs; and the gloom is heightened by the brook beneath, which may be seen
+stretching its way through the broken arches. The only tomb in the church
+is that of a cross-legged knight, which lies near the grand tower, and
+represents one of the Mowbrays, who died at Ghent, in 1297. Near the
+altar is a stone coffin, in which, according to Dugdale, Lord Henry
+Percy was interred in 1315. Contiguous to the church is an extensive
+quadrangular court, which has been converted into a flower garden. On
+the east side is a line of beautiful arches, under one of which is the
+entrance to the chapter-house, a weed-grown solitude of deadly silence--
+
+
+        "Where the full-voiced choir
+  Lie, with their hallelujahs, quench'd like fire."
+
+
+In 1791, by the removal of some fragments of ruin in the chapter-house,
+the sepulchres of several of the abbots were discovered; but the
+inscriptions were obliterated. Over the chapter-house were the library
+and scriptorium. The architecture or Fountains Abbey is mixed; in some
+parts are seen the sharp-pointed windows, in others the circular arches.
+The great eastern window is indescribably magnificent, being 23 feet in
+width. There has been a central tower, which has long since fallen to
+decay. The sanctum sanctorum is 131 feet in length; over one of its
+eastern windows is the figure of an angel holding a scroll, dated 1283.
+The total length of the church is 358 feet. On the north side of the
+quadrangular court is the refectory, which was supported by large pillars,
+and adjoining it is the reading gallery, where portions of the Scriptures
+were delivered to the monks whilst at their meals; by the side of it are
+the kitchen and scullery, the former remarkable for its spacious arched
+fire place. Over the refectory was the dormitory, which contained 40
+cells; and under the crumbling steps leading to it is the porter's lodge.
+Near to the refectory are the remains of the abbot's chambers.
+
+But adieu to the waning glory of Fountains Abbey and the receding towers
+of Ripon Minster, while retracing my path of yesterday morning. I must
+linger awhile on the Roman way, where antiquity maintains her supremacy
+in spite of the war of time, and where the earth looks immutable. Now the
+groves of Newby Park re-appear with their "sylvan majesty," creating
+unutterable sympathies; for the wind that bows the surrounding branches
+moves me to weep for that romantic spirit whose ashes moulder on the
+shores of India, where
+
+
+  "When the sun's noon-glory crests the wave,
+  He shines, without a shadow on his grave."
+
+
+* * H.
+
+
+    [2] Here Henry Percy, the fourth Earl of Northumberland, was
+        murdered by an infuriated mob, in the fourth year of Henry
+        VII.; he having, as lord lieutenant of the county, levied a
+        tax on the people by order of his sovereign, for carrying on
+        the war in Bretague. Skelton, poet-laureat to Henry VIII.
+        lamented his death in some elegiac lines.
+
+    [3] Aldburgh, or Aldborough, so called by the Normans, was the
+        Iseur of the Ancient Britons, and the Isurium of the Romans.
+        Perhaps there is not another Roman city, not even excepting
+        York, where so many antiquities have been discovered. The
+        opening of ancient baths, burial vaults, &c. has led to
+        the finding of tesselated pavements, coins, urns, rings,
+        lachrymatories, seals, monumental inscriptions, medals,
+        statues, chains, sacrificing vessels, &c. It is to be lamented
+        that modern ignorance and barbarity are fast obliterating all
+        traces of the Roman walls of Isurium; their foundations having
+        been dug up for the mercenary purpose of obtaining their
+        materials. We cannot sufficiently censure such irreverence to
+        "hoar antiquity," or the contracted and grovelling ideas
+        which actuate such village Vandals.
+
+    [4] The following letter was addressed by Layton, one of the
+        emissaries of the Dissolution, to Lord Cromwell, at the
+        Reformation:--
+
+        "Please your worship to understand that the Abbot of Fountaynes
+        hath so greatly dilapidated his house, wasted ye woods,
+        notoriously keeping six ------; and six days before our coming,
+        he committed theft and sacrilege, confessing the same; for at
+        midnight he caused the chapleyne to stele the keys of the secton,
+        and took out a jewel, a cross of gold with stones; one _Warren_,
+        a goldsmith of the Chepe, was with him in his chamber at the
+        hour, and there they stole out a great emerode with a rubye, the
+        said _Warren_ made the Abbot believe the rubye was a garnet,
+        and so for that he paid nothing for the emerode, but £20. He
+        sold him also plate, without weight or ounces.
+
+        "Subscribed, your poor Priest
+        and faithful servant,
+        R. LAYTON."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+
+THE ANECDOTE GALLERY
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+PALEY.
+
+
+Paley would employ himself in his Natural Theology, and then gather his
+peas for dinner, very likely gathering some hint for his work at the same
+time. He would converse with his classical neighbour, Mr. Yates, or he
+would reply to his invitation that he could not come, for that he was
+busy knitting.  He would station himself at his garden wall, which
+overhung the river, and watch the progress of a cast-iron bridge in
+building, asking questions of the architect, and carefully examining
+every pin and screw with which it was put together. He would loiter along
+a river, with his angle-rod, musing upon what he supposed to pass in the
+mind of a pike when he bit, and when he refused to bite; or he would
+stand by the sea-side, and speculate upon what a young shrimp could mean
+by jumping in the sun.
+
+With the handle of his stick in his mouth, he would move about his garden
+in a short hurried step, now stopping to contemplate a butterfly, a
+flower, or a snail, and now earnestly engaged in some new arrangement of
+his flower-pots.
+
+He would take from his own table to his study the back-bone of a hare, or
+a fish's head; and he would pull out of his pocket, after a walk, a plant
+or stone to be made tributary to an argument. His manuscripts were as
+motley as his occupations; the workshop of a mind ever on the alert;
+evidences mixed up with memorandums for his will; an interesting
+discussion brought to an untimely end by the hiring of servants, the
+letting of fields, sending his boys to school, reproving the refractory
+members of an hospital; here a dedication, there one of his children's
+exercises--in another place a receipt for cheap soup. He would amuse his
+fire side by family anecdotes:--how one of his ancestors (and he was
+praised as a pattern of perseverance) separated two pounds of white and
+black pepper which had been accidentally mixed--_patiens pulveris_, he
+might truly have added; and how, when the _Paley arms_ were wanted,
+recourse was had to a family tankard which was supposed to bear them, but
+which he always took a malicious pleasure in insisting had been bought at
+a sale--
+
+
+  ----------Haec est
+  Vita solutorum miserâ ambitione gravique;
+
+
+the life of a man far more happily employed than in the composition of
+political pamphlets, or in the nurture of political discontent. Nay,
+when his friend Mr. Carlyle is about going out with Lord Elgin to
+Constantinople, the very headquarters of despotism, we do not perceive,
+amongst the multitude of most characteristic hints and queries which
+Paley addresses to him, a single fling at the Turk, or a single hope
+expressed that the day was not very far distant when the Cossacks would
+be permitted to erect the standard of liberty in his capital.
+
+I will do your visitation for you (Mr. Carlyle was chancellor of the
+diocese,) in case of your absence, with the greatest pleasure--it is
+neither a difficulty nor a favour.
+
+Observanda--1. Compare every thing with English and Cumberland scenery:
+e.g., rivers with Eden, groves with Corby, mountains with Skiddaw; your
+sensations of buildings, streets, persons, &c. &c.; e.g., whether the
+Mufti be like Dr. ----, the Grand Seignior, Mr. ----.
+
+2. Give us one day at Constantinople minutely from morning to night--what
+you do, see, eat, and hear.
+
+3. Let us know what the common people have to dinner; get, if you can,
+a peasant's actual dinner and bottle; for instance, if you see a man
+working in the fields, call to him to bring the dinner he has with him,
+and describe it minutely.
+
+       *        *        *        *        *
+
+4. The diversions of the common people; whether they seem to enjoy their
+amusements, and be happy, and sport, and laugh; farm-houses, or any thing
+answering to them, and of what kind; same of public-houses, roads.
+
+5. Their shops; how you get your breeches mended, or things done for you,
+and how (i.e. well or ill done;) whether you see the tailor, converse
+with him, &c.
+
+6. Get into the inside of a cottage; describe furniture, utensils, what
+you find actually doing.
+
+All the stipulations I make with you for doing your visitation is, that
+you come over to Wearmouth soon after your return, for you will be very
+entertaining between truth and lying. I have a notion you will find books,
+but in great confusion as to catalogues, classing, &c.
+
+7. Describe minutely how you pass one day on ship-board; learn to take
+and apply lunar, or other observations, and how the midshipmen, &c, do it.
+
+8. What sort of fish you get, and how dressed. I should think your
+business would be to make yourself master of the middle Greek. My
+compliments to Bonaparte, if you meet with him, which I think is very
+likely. Pick up little articles of dress, tools, furniture, especially
+from low life--as an actual smock, &c.
+
+9. What they talk about; company.
+
+10. Describe your impression upon first seeing things; upon catching the
+first view of Constantinople; the novelties of the first day you pass
+there.
+
+In all countries and climates, nations and languages, carry with you the
+best wishes of, dear Carlyle,
+
+Your affectionate friend,
+
+W. PALEY.
+
+_Quarterly Review_.
+
+       *        *        *        *        *
+
+
+
+
+SPIRIT OF DISCOVERY.
+
+       *        *        *        *        *
+
+
+_The Tea Plant_.
+
+The tea leaf is plucked from the plant by the manufacturers at _three_
+periods during the spring, which crops they call, in their technical
+phrase, the head, or first spring; the second spring; and the third
+spring. The quality of the tea varies according to the time of the
+plucking. The young and tender leaves of course make finer tea than tough
+and old ones.--_Asiatic Register_.
+
+
+_Portsmouth Literary and Philosophical Society_.
+
+We have been much interested with the report of this Society for 1827-8,
+and we are happy to record the prosperity of the establishment. Some
+of the lectures, especially those on Geology, or Mineralogy, are very
+attractive; and in the curator's report, we notice that the Museum,
+previously rich in fossil organic remains, has been enriched by numerous
+donations in this department, during the past session. The entire number
+of specimens in the Museum is upwards of 9,000.
+
+We have not been at Portsmouth for these three years, and till we saw
+this report, were not aware that the State Chambers, lately on the
+Platform Battery, had been pulled down towards the close of last year.
+The building was of some interest. It was of stone, with walls of
+considerable thickness, and square vaults below, descending to a level
+with the parade, and used at different periods as dungeons. The part on
+which the vane stood, was erected in the reign of Queen Elizabeth, and
+the other part was built in the time of Charles II., whose name, with the
+date, was on a marble slab above the doorway. Of late years the building
+had been modernized and used as a signal-house and subscription
+reading-room. If we are not mistaken, the edifice had often been much
+injured by the encroachments of the sea, and probably this led to its
+removal.
+
+
+_Conversations on Geology_.
+
+We notice with much pleasure a handsome volume under the above popular
+title, which represents that delightful science in the very attractive
+form of a series of dialogues between a mother and her children.
+The Huttonian and Wernerian systems and the Mosaic Geology, are here
+familiarly explained, and illustrative phenomena and recent discoveries
+glanced at in the progress of the conversations. How much more profitable
+are such family recreations than sitting hours over spotted pieces of
+paper, counting the pips of dice, or simpering over fashionable novels
+and tales of scandal run mad. Bookish families are usually the happiest,
+at least if we rightly estimate the term. In an early number we shall
+endeavour to find some portion of these "Conversations" for our columns.
+
+
+"_Arcana of Science for_ 1829."
+
+This work will appear early in January. It will be on the same plan as
+the volume of last year, and will contain at least _thirty engravings_,
+on copper and wood. The _mechanical_ department is unusually copious, and
+there are some abstracts in the _chemical_, which are of high value.
+
+
+_Rice_.
+
+Trials have recently been made to grow the dry rice of China in Italy;
+and it is expected that in time an advantageous cultivation of it may be
+introduced in France.
+
+
+_Turf_.
+
+A correspondent of a French work on gardening thinks that green turf may
+be obtained in France by trenching the ground, freeing it from stones,
+covering the surface with two or three inches of rich compost, and then
+laying on the turf. The improved soil, he thinks, will retain moisture
+sufficient to keep the turf growing all the summer, and, consequently,
+green.
+
+
+_Garden of the Hesperides_.
+
+Lieutenant Beachey, in his _Travels in Cyrene_, recently published, has
+thrown some curious light on the ancient account of these celebrated
+gardens. It appears, that, like many other wonders, ancient and modern,
+when reduced to simple truth, they are little more than common
+occurrences. Baron Humboldt and Mr. Bullock have reduced the floating
+gardens of Mexico to mud banks, with ditches between; and lieutenant
+Beachey makes it appear, that the gardens of the Hesperides are nothing
+more than old stone quarries, the bottoms of which have been cultivated.
+
+
+_Preparation of Cinnamon_.
+
+The rough bark is first scraped off with knives, and then, with a
+peculiar instrument, the inner rind is stripped off in long slips; these
+are tied up in bundles, and put to dry in the sun, and the wood is
+sold for fuel. The operation was thus explained to bishop Heber by the
+cinnamon peelers; but in the regular preparation, the outer bark is not
+scraped off; but the process of fermentation, which the strips undergo
+when tied up in large quantities, removes the coarse parts. The peelers
+are called Chaliers.
+
+
+_Power of the Sun's Rays_.
+
+Mr. Mackintosh, contractor for the government works at Stonehouse Point,
+Devon, lately had to descend in the diving-bell with workmen to lay the
+foundation of a sea wall. The machine is fitted with convex glasses, in
+the upper part, to serve the purpose of windows; and Mr. Mackintosh
+states, that on several occasions, in clear weather, he has witnessed the
+sun's rays so concentrated by the circular windows, as to burn the
+labourers' clothes, when opposed to the focal point, and this when the
+machine was twenty-five feet under the surface of the water!--_From the
+MS. Journal of the Bristol Nursery Library_.
+
+
+_The Cowslip and Polyanthus_.
+
+By sowing the seed of the wild cowslip in the garden, a number of
+varieties will be produced, some of which have flowers of a beautiful
+bright red colour. May not this process be the first step towards the
+formation of our garden polyanthus? if that be not, as is generally
+supposed, a variety of the primrose, rather than of the cowslip.--_Gard.
+Mag_.
+
+
+_French Method of making Coffee_.
+
+The principal points are these:--The coffee,--_Turkey or
+Bourbon_,--should be roasted only till it is of a _cinnamon colour_, and
+closely covered up during the process of roasting. In France this is done
+in closed iron cylinders, turned over a fire by a handle, like a
+grindstone. The coffee should be coarsely ground soon after it is roasted,
+but not until quite cool: some think its _aroma_ is better preserved by
+beating in a mortar, but this is tedious. The proportions for _making
+coffee_ are usually _one pint of boiling water to two and a half ounces
+of coffee_. The coffee being put into the water, the coffee-pot should be
+covered up, and left for two hours surrounded with hot cinders, so as to
+keep up the temperature, without making the liquor boil. Occasionally
+stir it, and after two hours' infusion, remove it from the fire, and
+allow it a quarter of an hour to settle, and when perfectly clear, decant
+it. Isinglass, or hartshorn shavings, are sometimes used to clarify
+coffee; but by this addition you lose a great portion of its delicious
+aroma.
+
+Coffee in England is generally _over-roasted_, and to this fault arise
+all the inconveniences which are so often attributed to coffee, but which,
+in reality, are produced by the imperfect modes of its preparation.--_From
+the Coffee-Drinker's Manual, translated from the French_.
+
+
+_Ivy_.
+
+Attached to the officers' barracks at Winchester, is a very fine
+specimen of ivy; its trunk has been severed off to a height of more than
+two feet from the ground, yet it has for years continued in healthy
+vegetation.--_Gard. Mag_.
+
+
+_Parasite Sycamore_.
+
+In Kinmel Park, Denbighshire, is an oak tree, which, twenty or thirty
+years ago, lost one of its largest branches by the wind, and a partial
+decay was the consequence; a key from a neighbouring sycamore fell into
+the fracture, which, vegetating, has formed for the old mutilated oak a
+new head. This parasite appears to have so completely seated itself, that,
+though the place of its first lodgment is twelve feet from the ground, it
+is thought that its roots will very soon penetrate to the earth, and at
+last destroy its venerable nurse.--_Ibid_.
+
+
+_Turpentine_.
+
+Common turpentine is the produce of the Scotch pine. Trees with the
+thickest bark, and which are most exposed to the sun, generally yield the
+most turpentine. The first incision is made near the foot of the tree,
+and as the resin flows most abundantly in hot weather, the operations are
+begun about the end of May, and continued to September. The juice is
+received into holes dug in the ground, is afterwards taken out with iron
+ladles, poured into pails, and removed to a hollow trunk, capacious
+enough to hold three or four barrels. _Essential oil of turpentine_ is
+obtained by distillation. _Common resin_ is the residuum of the process
+for obtaining the essential oil. _Tar_ is obtained from the roots and
+other parts of old trees. _Med. Botany_.
+
+
+_Gum Arabic_.
+
+The purest and finest gum arabic is brought in caravans to Cairo, by the
+Arabs of the country round Mounts Tor and Sinai, who bring it from this
+distance on the backs of camels, sown up in bags, and often adulterated
+with sand, &c. The gum exudes spontaneously from the bark and trunk of
+the branches of the tree, in a soft, nearly fluid state, and hardens by
+exposure to the air, or heat of the sun. It begins to flow in December,
+immediately after the rainy season, near the flowering time of the tree.
+Afterwards, as the weather becomes hotter, incisions are made through the
+bark, to assist the transudation of the juice.--_Ibid_.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+
+SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+RECOLLECTIONS OF A R*T.
+
+_Written by Himself_.
+
+_From Blackwood's Magazine._
+
+
+This is a pleasant piece of satire upon the _autobiographic_ mania of
+the present day. The original article extends to twenty pages, and is
+throughout a masterly graphic sketch. We have marked a few extracts,
+which we shall endeavour to connect.
+
+
+  "A R--t! a R--t! clap to the door."
+
+POPE.
+
+
+As I intend to write the following pages entirely for my own amusement,
+and as they will most probably never meet the eye of mortal man,
+who alone can decipher them, it is unnecessary for me to make any
+observations on the doctrine of metempsychosis, to which indeed my reader
+(if there shall ever be one) may perhaps not be inclined to give implicit
+belief. It is unnecessary for me, therefore, to begin by alluding to my
+former visit to this earth. I shall not even hint, whether if it ever
+took place, it was in antediluvian ages, or during the Babylonian,
+Grecian, or Roman glory; or in more modern times. Be assured, however,
+gentle reader, (if any there ever be,) that I have the faculty of
+observation--that I have seen many generations of men--that I have been
+in almost every corner of the habitable world, and that I am intimately
+acquainted with the history of mankind.--(Sir Walter Scott's Novels I
+have listened to with the greatest attention!)--I have eat opium in
+Constantinople--garlic in Italy--potatoes in Ireland. I have dabbled my
+whiskers in Guava jelly--have drunk rack at Delhi, and at New South Wales
+I have enjoyed the luxuries of Kangaroo soup and Opossum gravy. I have
+been at the Highland-moors with young Englishmen--at Melton with young
+Scotsmen, and at bathing-quarters with old dowagers and their daughters.
+I have travelled in all ways--by seas--by land--on foot--on horseback--in
+a carriage--in a ship--in a palanquin--in a muff; but the motion of the
+camel I never could bear, it so jolted my poor old bones, and discomposed
+my whole body. India never agreed well with me. The insects, not to
+mention the serpents, annoyed me. The heat made me quite bilious; and,
+indeed, I began to feel my liver affected. And however partial I
+naturally was to perfumes, I soon had a great dislike to the strong smell
+of musk, which I felt about myself, and which, as I observe every
+historian agrees, very soon begins to appear in all of my species who
+reside for any time in India. Musk should not of itself be disagreeable;
+but to have it constantly below one's nose, and to have every thing you
+touch smelling of it, you may easily conceive must be very annoying.
+
+The Count de Buffon, whom we reckon one of our best historians, I see,
+says we are an omnivorous animal, and that we only seem to prefer hard
+substances to those which are tender or succulent. In this, however, he
+is mistaken; at least I can answer for myself. I know, for my part, I
+prefer mulligatawney and a tender young chicken, to an old pair of boots
+or a well-picked bone.
+
+I have the misfortune, my reader, whoever you may be, to belong to a
+race to which you have an aversion; I may say a perfect horror. I am a
+wretched proscribed animal. A lady would faint at the sight of me; and if
+I should merely run across a room, a whole legion of boys and footmen
+would be after me; and if they should kill me, they themselves, and I am
+afraid every other person, would give them credit for doing a meritorious
+action. But, gentle reader, our character is worse than it should be.
+Although we never received any kindness from man, I am sure I can answer
+for myself, at least, I have not very often done him mischief for
+mischief's sake; and do remember that I did not choose my own form, and
+that perhaps I am now doomed to animate it from the contempt and cruelty,
+with which, in better days, I may have used the species. But I moralize,
+and this does not well suit my present condition. You may think it as
+ridiculous an idea as an oyster in love, which, I remember, used to
+tickle my fancy. I must only for one moment be allowed to observe, that
+man bestows far too much care and attention on that green-eyed monster,
+which I do detest--I mean the cat. If we were caressed and made much of
+like it, and half so carefully attended to, I am sure we would make a
+much better return, and be truly grateful and attached. My friend Buffon
+seems perfectly to understand their character, and I must be allowed to
+quote a sentence or two from him, which I know will be much more credited
+than any thing I could myself say. "They possess," says he, "an innate
+malice, and perverse disposition, which increase as they grow up, and
+which education teaches them to conceal, but not to subdue. From
+determined robbers, the best education can only convert them into
+flattering thieves, for they have address, subtlety, and desire of
+plunder." ... "They easily assume the habits of society, but never
+acquire its manners, for they have only the appearance of attachment and
+friendship." And again he says, "the cat appears to have no feelings
+which are not interested--to have no affection which is not conditional--
+and to carry on no intercourse with man, but with the view of turning it
+to his own advantage. Even the tamest are under no subjection, for they
+act merely to please themselves."
+
+The dog is a very different animal. He is really attached to his master,
+and only lives to serve him. A dog is a perfect gentleman, and I love to
+fight with gentlemen.
+
+The Apostle Paul, in his Epistle to the Philippians, says,--"Beware of
+dogs!" c. iii. v. 2. Now, I cannot help always having thought, that he
+must have meant cats. It is very easy to suppose the Greek word "[Greek:
+kunas]," may have crept in instead of "[Greek: galas]" and this, indeed,
+is I believe, corroborated by the folio manuscript copy of the Bible, of
+1223, in the British Museum.
+
+Our race is generally said to have come from some of the islands in the
+Levant, or according to others, from Sweden; but I can ascertain with
+certainty, that my family came to France along with the Huns, and that my
+immediate ancestors came over to England with William the Conqueror, in
+1066. I consider my blood, therefore, as purely British as any of the
+inhabitants of the island. There is a tradition among us, that the
+descendants of the pair who cruised with old Noah, settled in the north
+of Asia, and that we were to be found no where else for about 500 years
+afterwards. As to this, however, I do not pretend to speak with certainty;
+but one thing I know, that wherever man is seen to inhabit, we are to be
+found--wherever he goes, we attend him. We sent out parties to make
+discoveries with Vasquez de Gama, Dampier, Anson, and Cook, and although
+we English gentlemen (who have no blood-relationship with the Norwegians)
+are known to have such a natural abhorrence at cold, the love of science
+prevailed, and a strong party were sent to the frozen seas with Ross,
+Lyon, and Parry. Pontoppidan sagely observes, that "neither the wood nor
+water R*ts can live farther north than Norway; that there are several
+districts, as that of Hordenvor, in the diocese of Bergen, and others in
+the diocese of Aggerhum, where no R*ts are to be found; and that the R*ts
+on the south banks of the Vormen soon perish, when carried to the north
+side of it." But we do not reckon Mr. Pontoppidan a historian implicitly
+to be believed, and indeed the Admiralty took such care of us, that we
+might have remained for years at the Pole itself, without even having the
+toothache!
+
+We always accompany the first visiters of countries, and when they take
+possession for their king, we do so for ourselves; and without being put
+to much trouble in carrying out stores, we have always the best and the
+pick of every thing. Often have I laughed at the pains man took to
+preserve his property from man. Stone and iron are made to do their
+best-armed sentries walking night and day--when all the time I have,
+with the coolest composure, been daily wallowing in the best of every
+thing. Nature abhors a vacuum, and will not allow us to starve,
+especially in the midst of plenty; but I may safely say, that I never
+wantonly destroyed, and, if possible, have always preferred the rich
+man's store.
+
+Before the flood, as the cave of Yorkshire no doubt proves, we were to be
+found in this island--but upon this subject I shall not enter at present.
+Probably what is now Britain, was not then an island--I leave this,
+however, to wiser heads!
+
+In the beginning of the year ----, my parents accompanied the baggage of
+the ---- Dragoon Guards to Scotland. They told me they came in the carts
+with the sergeants' wives, as being the most comfortable. I was born
+above one of the stables on the east side of the court of Piershill
+barracks, or as I used to hear the soldiers then call it, "Jock's Lodge,"
+which is within a mile and a half of Edinburgh. My father was a kind,
+sensible gentleman, and was much esteemed by all his friends; and I
+sincerely forgive him for the great desire, and the many attempts he made
+to eat me up. It was a natural instinct, and poor fellow, he could not be
+blamed for it. If he had succeeded, it would have saved me many vexations
+and trials, but my poor mother thought otherwise; and I am sure she
+fought most valiantly with my father whenever he made any attempt of the
+kind.
+
+[He might, perhaps, have lived and died in the barracks where he was born,
+had it not been for his miraculous escape from a _hunt_ by the officers
+of the dragoons. A few nights afterwards a large band of R*ts made an
+excursion of several miles, and in returning, remained for a day or two
+at Leith. "It being a sea-port, they met with some of their own species
+from all parts of the world, the language of most of whom they could not
+understand."--He travels in the pocket of a captain to Edinburgh. His
+adventures in this city are very amusing. He next sails for Holland.]
+
+We set sail in a few days with a fair wind down the Frith, and soon left
+the Bass and the May behind us. I must confess, I was a little afraid,
+when, for the first time, I was out of sight of land. It is a dismal
+thought to have nothing but sea and sky around, and only a frail plank
+between us and the fathomless depths of ocean. This was my first voyage;
+but many a day and month and year have I spent on the water since that
+time.
+
+I was a little squeamish or so for the first day, but nothing like some
+of our passengers. The great secret I have always found, is to eat plenty,
+and drink a little brandy; that is much better than all your quack
+receipts.
+
+We had a dog on board, but he was a lazy, mangy fellow, and gave us
+little trouble. The wind continued favourable, and on the sixth evening,
+the lights of Goeree and Helvoetsluis were visible. Some of the
+passengers left us at the latter town; but I merely went ashore and took
+a rapid look of the streets, and of the guard-ship, which was in the Dock
+in the centre of the town, and returned to the smack by the captain's
+boat. I saw rather a curious scene on board the man-of-war. Some of her
+men had been engaged in a row the previous night, and were sentenced to
+be flogged. After being stripped, they seemed to dip each man in the
+water before commencing the more disagreeable part of the operation. If I
+had not been in such a hurry, I should certainly have made bold to have
+carried a biscuit to a poor little midshipman, who was condemned to
+remain twelve hours at the mast-head for some nonsense or other, and who
+looked most miserably cold.
+
+Mynheer is certainly a strange fat-bottomed animal after all. His pipe
+never seems to be out of his mouth, nor his hands out of his pockets. The
+pilots who came on board, with their very little hats, their immense wide,
+short breeches, and large wooden shoes, surprised me not a little. The
+Dutch get the credit of being very cleanly, but I cannot say much as to
+that, in their persons at least. The Bad Huis, or Bath Hotel, which is on
+the Boom Keys, the best street in Rotterdam, was recommended to me as the
+only one a gentleman could go to, and there accordingly I and four of the
+passengers took up our quarters.
+
+Upon the whole, there did not appear much to be seen in the town. The
+inhabitants seemed more an eating and drinking sort of people than any
+thing else. Their ferries through the town are a very great nuisance,
+as one cannot always have a doit about them; and a surly, brown, Dutch
+rascal at one time had the impudence to stop me till I had to borrow
+from a friend. The statue of Erasmus is a shabby concern.
+
+A party were intending, I found, to make a trip along the Rhine; so
+I thought I could not do better than join them. We went by the Hague,
+Haarlem, and Amsterdam. With the last, I was much disappointed. They say
+it contains 200,000 human inhabitants, but it has not even a tolerable
+hotel. The famous Haarlem tulip gardens, I of course visited,
+particularly those of Van Eeden. I wonder what the fools could see in
+tulips, who gave 10,000 guilders for one root. The organ is certainly
+very fine; but it nearly cracked the drum of my ears.
+
+When at Amsterdam, I was nearly carried off to Archangel, which would, at
+the time, have been rather a bore indeed. After a grand let-off, given by
+a rich burgo-master, to which my friends got me a special invitation, I
+incautiously exceeded in the curaçoa, of which I did not at all then know
+the strength. The vessel put to sea, and I had enough to do to secure
+my retreat in the pilot boat. From Amsterdam we proceeded in a curious,
+large diligence to Utrecht, and from that to Cologne. We had twelve
+(human) passengers inside, who smoked the whole time without intermission.
+I, as well as all my species, are most partial to perfumes, and I did not
+therefore fail to visit the representative of Signior Jean Marie Farina
+in his shop, No. 4568, à la rue haute à Cologne. Nothing struck me
+particularly in this town of Cologne. The streets are very narrow, and
+seemed dull enough. To be sure, the principal one, which is said to be a
+German league in length, is rather fine. The old convent of the Ladies of
+St. Ursula, is curious at least. They show you in it the bones of 11,000
+virgins, who they say were murdered by the Huns at the time of their
+invasion, when they destroyed the town. I might easily have had a taste
+of them; but I had no fancy for such antiquated old maids. In the
+Cathedral, or Dom, as they call it, you see the tomb of the three famous
+kings of Cologne, and the gold and silver chests which contain the bones
+of the Holy Engelberth. I don't think, in the whole town, there is any
+thing else worth the trouble of looking at. The hotel "Le Prince Charles,"
+I found tolerably comfortable: there is a good French cook, but he is
+a saucy fellow.
+
+(_To be concluded in our next_.)
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+
+THE SELECTOR;
+AND
+LITERARY NOTICES OF
+_NEW WORKS_.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+A MOTHER'S LOVE
+
+
+  Oh, beauteous were my baby's dark blue eyes,
+  Evermore turning to his mother's face,
+  So dove-like soft, yet bright as summer skies;
+  And pure his cheek as roses, ere the trace
+  Of earthly blight or stain their tints disgrace.
+  O'er my loved child enraptured still I hung;
+  No joy in life could those sweet hours replace,
+  When by his cradle low I watched and sung--
+  While still in memory's ear his father's promise rung.
+
+  Long, long I wept with weak and piteous cry
+  O'er my sweet infant, in its rosy bloom,
+  As memory brought my hours of agony
+  Again before my mind:--I mourned his doom;
+  I mourned my own: the sunny little room
+  In which, opress'd by sickness, now I lay,
+  Weeping for sorrows past, and woes to come,
+  Had been my own in childhood's early day.
+  Oh! could those years indeed so soon have passed away!
+
+  Past, as the waters of the running brook;
+  Fled, as the summer winds that fan the flowers!
+  All that remained, a word--a tone--a look,
+  Impressed, by chance, in those bright joyous hours;
+  Blossoms which, culled from youth's light fairy bowers,
+  Still float with lingering scent, as loath to fade,
+  In spite of sin's remorseless, 'whelming powers,
+  Above the wreck which time and grief have made.
+  Nursed with the dew of tears, though low in ruin laid.
+
+_The Sorrows of Rosalie_.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+FAGGING AT WINCHESTER SCHOOL.
+
+
+The following outline of a recent quarrel at Winchester School serves to
+illustrate the _System_ of _Fagging_ as practised at one of our leading
+schools, among the "future clergy, lawyers, legislators, and peers of
+England." It is extracted from a pamphlet by Sir Alexander Malet, Bart.;
+and we hope this _expose_ will lead to the extermination of the
+"custom:"--
+
+The prefects, or eight senior boys of the school, are in the habit of
+fagging the juniors; and that they may have a greater command of their
+services during meal times, they appoint one of the junior boys with the
+title of course keeper, whose business it is to take care that whilst the
+prefects are at breakfast or supper, the juniors sit upon a certain cross
+bench at the top of the hall, that they may be forthcoming whenever a
+prefect requires any thing to be done. During that part of the short
+half-year in which there are no fires kept, a sufficient number of boys
+for this service was generally furnished from the fourth class, and it
+was considered that the junior part of the fifth class, which is next in
+the ascending scale, was exempt from so disagreeable a servitude. It
+appears, however, that within these few years, there has been a much
+greater press of boys to enter the school than formerly; the consequence
+has been, that they have come to it older and more advanced in their
+studies than formerly, and the upper departments of the school have
+received a greater accession of numbers in proportion than the lower
+classes. The fourth class, therefore, gradually furnishing a smaller
+number of fags, the prefects issued a mandate, that the junior part of
+the fifth class should share with the fourth in the duty of going on hall:
+this was for some time submitted to; but at length one of the boys of
+this class intentionally abstained from seating himself on the cross
+bench at supper-time, and being seen by the senior prefect, and desired
+by him to go on hall, refused to do so, and argued the point as a matter
+of right, alleging, as the ancient usage of the school, the exemption of
+the junior part of the fifth class from this duty till the commencement
+of fires; he referred to the course keeper as being the depositary of
+the rules, and expressed himself prepared to abide by his decision. The
+course keeper, who does not appear to have been very well versed in the
+usages of the school, decided that the boy ought to go on hall; and the
+prefect therefore resolved, not only to enforce this new rule, but
+to punish the contumely of this unlucky boy by giving him a public
+chastisement. To this, however, the junior did not feel inclined to
+submit, and a second prefect laid hold of him, that he might not evade
+the beating destined for him: a simultaneous movement then took place
+amongst the juniors, who pinioned the two prefects, released the boy
+who was being beaten, and gave them to understand that the intended
+chastisement should not be inflicted. The prefects instantly laid a
+complaint before the head master, who expelled the boy who had refused to
+go on hall, and five others, who had appeared most active in preventing
+the prefect from punishing him.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+WRITTEN IN A LADY'S ALBUM.
+
+
+  As sweeps the bark before the breeze,
+    While waters coldly close around,
+  Till of her pathway through the seas
+    The track no more is found;
+  Thus passing down Oblivion's tide,
+    The beauteous visions of the mind
+  Fleet as that ocean pageant glide,
+    And leave no trace behind.
+
+  But the pure page may still impart
+    Some dream of feeling, else untold,--
+  The silent record of a heart,
+    E'en when that heart is cold.
+  Its lorn memorials here may bloom,--
+    Perchance to gentle bosoms dear,
+  Like flowers that linger o'er the tomb
+    Bedewed with Beauty's tear.
+
+  I ask not for the meed of fame.
+    The wreath above my rest to twine,--
+  Enough for me to leave my name
+    Within this hallow'd shrine;
+  To think that o'er these lines thine eye
+    May wander in some future year,
+  And Memory breathe a passing sigh
+    For him who traced them here.
+
+  Calm sleeps the sea when storms are o'er,
+    With bosom silent and serene,
+  And but the plank upon the shore
+    Reveals that wrecks have been.
+  So some frail leaf like this may be
+    Left floating on Time's silent tide,--
+  The sole remaining trace of me,--
+    To tell I lived and died.
+
+_Malcolm's Scenes of War, &c._
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+THE SUICIDE LOVER.
+
+
+A young man, of rich and respectable parents, was for a long time
+passionately in love with a young lady of the same town, whose birth
+and fortune were equal to his own; he had also the good fortune not
+to displease the young lady. Both families were anxious to bring the
+business to a conclusion; notwithstanding which the intended always found
+some specious pretext to put off the ceremony. The parents of the lady,
+after yielding for some time to the different excuses of their future
+son-in-law, as they could not find out the motive, began to be weary of
+being put off so often, and at last declared to him that a rival, who was
+his equal in every thing, had presented himself, and that if he did not
+soon make up his mind, they should be obliged to give up to the desire of
+his rival. The young man upon this information made up his mind; and,
+after the necessary arrangements, the day for the ceremony arrived. The
+bride, the two families and friends, were assembled, and waited only for
+the bridegroom in order to proceed to church, when a servant arrived with
+the sad intelligence that his master was taken suddenly ill, and in
+consequence requested that the celebration of the nuptials might once
+more be deferred for a few days. Two of his friends, who witnessed
+both the surprise and even the indignation which was marked on every
+countenance, left the party, and hastened to the gentleman's house,
+and pointed out in such strong colours the folly, as well as the bad
+consequences of his behaviour, that he sent them away, assuring them that
+he would dress himself and follow them immediately. But an hour having
+elapsed, and no bridegroom appearing, the two friends again set out to
+inquire into the cause of the delay, which seemed to them more than ever
+extraordinary. They had just arrived at the foot of his staircase, when
+they heard the report of a pistol. They hastened to ascend, and having
+forced open the door of the young man's apartment, they found him dead
+upon the floor, weltering in his blood. They were so shocked at the sight
+before them, that they could not return to announce the fatal news, but
+instantly dispatched a servant for that purpose. It is more easy to
+conceive than describe the consternation such a piece of intelligence was
+likely to throw every one into; but the situation of the bride was most
+to be pitied; she not only lost a lover just on the point of being her
+husband, but fancied that he had received some calumnious information
+which caused him to prefer death to the necessity of being united to her.
+It was some days before this mystery was cleared up, as it was not until
+the seals were broken, that they found the following written paper in his
+desk, dated eight days before the fatal catastrophe:--"I adore
+Mademoiselle de N----, and shall do so all my life. Her virtues surpassed
+if possible her charms; and I would sacrifice the last drop of my blood
+rather than cause her the least uneasiness. But the cruel and dangerous
+passion of jealousy possesses me to such a degree, that notwithstanding
+all her merits, the bare idea of a rival makes me wretched. Every effort
+on my part, joined to the voice of reason, has never been able to
+eradicate this dreadful poison from my heart, and which I fear is
+incurable. If I yield to my penchant for her, and become her husband,
+instead of being a tender lover, of which she is so worthy, I should be
+a tyrant, whose frenzy would render her more miserable than myself. They
+press me to bring our union to a conclusion, they threaten me also with a
+rival, who without doubt deserves her more than I. How can I, miserable
+wretch that I am, how can I ward off the blow which threatens me? I
+flatter myself, at least, to have succeeded in my endeavours to conceal
+the vice of a heart which, although entirely her own, can never
+exterminate the miserable passion which possesses it. The time approaches
+with rapid strides when I must make up my mind. Good Heaven direct me!
+shall I risk making her unhappy? Can I resolve to see her the wife of
+another? Never, no never! rather let me die a hundred deaths...."
+
+This unfortunate youth had written no more, but it was sufficient to
+prove that he had sacrificed himself for the happiness of his mistress.
+
+_Album of Love_.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+THE CRUSADER'S SONG.
+
+"Remember the Holy Sepulchre."
+
+
+  Forget the land which gave ye birth--
+    Forget the womb that bore ye--
+  Forget each much-loved spot of earth--
+    Forget each dream of glory--
+  Forget the friends that by your side
+    Stood firm as rocks unbroken--
+  Forget the late affianced bride,
+    And every dear love token--
+  Forget the hope that in each breast
+    Glow'd like a smould'ring ember--
+  But still the Holy Sepulchre,
+    Remember! oh remember!
+
+  Remember all the vows ye've sworn
+    At holy Becket's altar--
+  Remember all the ills ye've borne,
+    And scorn'd to shrink or falter--
+  Remember every laurel'd field,
+    Which saw the Crescent waving--
+  Remember when compell'd to yield,
+    Uncounted numbers braving:
+  Remember these, remember too
+    The cause ye strive for, ever;
+  The Cross! the Holy Sepulchre!
+    Forget--forget them never!
+
+  By Him who in that Sepulchre
+    Was laid in Death's cold keeping--
+  By Her who bore, who rear'd him. Her
+    Who by that Cross sat weeping--
+  By those, whose blood so oft has cried
+    Revenge for souls unshriven!--
+  By those, whose sacred precepts guide
+    The path to yonder Heaven!
+  From youth to age, from morn to eve
+    From Spring-tide to December,
+  The Holy Sepulchre of Christ
+    Remember! oh remember!
+
+_Literary Remains of Henry Neele_.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+A SERENADE.
+
+
+  Wake, Lady, wake! the midnight Moon
+  Sails through the cloudless skies of June;
+  The Stars gaze sweetly on the stream,
+  Which in the brightness of their beam,
+    One sheet of glory lies;
+  The glow-worm lends its little light,
+  And all that's beautiful and bright
+  Is shining in our world to-night,
+    Save thy bright eyes,
+
+  Wake, Lady! wake! the nightingale
+  Tells to the Moon her love-lorn tale;
+  Now doth the brook that's hush'd by day,
+  As through the vale she winds her way,
+    In murmurs sweet rejoice;
+  The leaves, by the soft night-wind stirr'd,
+  Are whispering many a gentle word,
+  And all Earth's sweetest sounds are heard,
+    Save thy sweet voice.
+
+  Wake, Lady! wake! thy lover waits,
+  Thy steed stands saddled at the gates;
+  Here is a garment, rich and rare,
+  To wrap thee from the cold night-air;
+    Th' appointed hour is flown.
+  Danger and doubt have vanish'd quite,
+  Our way before lies clear and right,
+  And all is ready for the flight,
+    Save thou alone!
+
+  Wake, Lady! wake! I have a wreath
+  Thy broad fair brow should rise beneath;
+  I have a ring that must not shine
+  On any finger, Love! but thine--
+    I've kept my plighted vow;
+  Beneath thy casement here I stand,
+  To lead thee by thine own white hand,
+  Far from this dull and captive strand--
+    But where art thou?
+
+  Wake, Lady! wake! She wakes! she wakes!
+  Through the green mead her course she takes;
+  And now her lover's arms enfold
+  A prize more precious far than gold,
+    Blushing like morning's ray;
+  Now mount thy palfrey, Maiden kind!
+  Nor pause to cast one look behind,
+  But swifter than the viewless wind,
+    Away! away!
+
+_Ibid_.
+
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+
+THE GATHERER
+
+
+  "A snapper-up of unconsidered trifles."
+SHAKSPEARE.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+FILTHY WATER.
+
+
+If the unhappy victims of mud-juice had constant access to the solar
+microscope, and there was occasionally in London a little sunshine to set
+off the animated bedevilments which are crowded into the composition, and
+could see thousands of animals, generated in filth, and living in the
+highest spirits and the greatest abundance, in the stuff destined for
+their stomachs, they would go mad. Boiled down in tea (for which, in
+the midst of _starvation_, a cockney pays five hundred per cent. beyond
+its value, and a tax of five hundred per cent. more than that,) these
+centipedes, toads, small alligators, large worms, white bait, snails,
+caterpillars, maggots, eels, minnows, weeds, moss, offal in detachments,
+gas-juice, vinegar lees, tallow droppings, galls, particles of dead men,
+women, children, horses, and dogs, train-oil, copper, dye-stuff, soot,
+and dead fish, are all, according to the chemistry of the washerwomen,
+neutralized, mollified, clarified, and rectified--but this we doubt; and
+if any of the unhappy persons who imbibe nastiness fourteen times a week,
+under the idea that it is good and wholesome because it is hot, will
+take the trouble to look at the agreeable deposit in the bottom of the
+"slop-basin," they will find that independent of all the muddy, fishy,
+oily, gaseous, animal and vegetable stuff, introduced into their stomachs
+under the guise of that most poisonous of all herbs, tea, they are in the
+habit of swallowing mud, earth, stones, sand, and gravel, in quantities
+sufficient to establish in less than three months spaces of land as big
+as Cornish freeholds in their insides.--_John Bull_.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+NAPOLEON.
+
+
+While Napoleon was a subaltern in the army, a Russian officer remarked,
+with much self-sufficiency, "That his country fought for glory and the
+French for gain."--"You are perfectly right," answered Napoleon; "every
+one fights for that which he does not possess."
+
+INA.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+FORBIDDEN FRUIT.
+
+
+Sir Richard Steele, who represented the borough of Stockbridge, Hants,
+in parliament in the reign of Queen Anne, carried his election against
+a powerful opposition, by sticking a large apple full of guineas, and
+declaring that it should be the prize of that man whose wife was first
+brought to bed after that day nine months. This merry offer procured him
+the interest of the ladies, who, it is said, commemorate Sir Richard's
+bounty to this day, and once made a vigorous effort to procure a standing
+order of the corporation, that no man should ever be received as a
+candidate who did not offer himself on the same terms.
+
+HALBERT H.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+EPITAPH ON A SILLY, DRUNKEN SOT.
+
+
+His life and death five letters do express; A.B.C. he knew not, and he
+died of X.S.
+
+G.J.F.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+CONVENIENT ABSENCE.
+
+
+An individual often visited a landscape painter, who had a very beautiful
+wife, but he always met with the husband. "Zounds," said he, one day to
+him, "for a painter of landscapes, you are very seldom in the country."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+TARRAGON.
+
+
+We recommend our correspondent, _Qy?_ to steep shalots and tarragon in
+vinegar, to be used as a sauce with rump-steaks. Or he may chop the
+shalots and tarragon _very fine_, and sprinkle them over the meat.
+Tarragon sprinkled over mutton chops is a nice relish; and with _sauce
+piquante_ flavoured with the above vinegar, makes a dish on "which the
+gods might dine."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+PEREMPTORY CONCLUSION.
+
+
+An advocate, whose pleading appeared too diffuse for the cause he was
+defending, had received an order from the first president to abridge it;
+but the former, without omitting a word of his intended address, replied
+in a firm tone, that all he uttered was essential. The president, hoping
+at length to make him silent, said to him, "The court orders you to
+_conclude_." "Well," replied the advocate, "then I _conclude_ that the
+court shall hear me."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+GROUNDS OF RECOGNITION.
+
+
+A man went to a restaurateur's (or chop-house) in France, to dine. He
+perceived another man in the room and hurried away to tell the master.
+"If you do not, Sir, order that man, who is dining alone at the table
+in the corner, out of your house, a respectable individual will not be
+able to sit down in it."--"How is that, Sir?"--"Because that is the
+executioner of R----." The host, after some hesitation, at length went
+and spoke to the stranger, who calmly answered him: "By whom have I been
+recognised?"--"By that gentleman," said the landlord, pointing out the
+former. "Indeed, he ought to know me, for it is not two years since I
+whipped and branded him."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+SINGULAR MISTAKE.
+
+
+A courtier was playing at piquet, and was greatly annoyed by a
+short-sighted man with a long nose. To get rid of it he took his pocket
+handkerchief and wiped his troublesome neighbour's nose. "Ah, sir," said
+he immediately, "I really beg your pardon, I took it for my own."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+BROTHERS AND SISTERS.
+
+
+During the revolution, a young man was travelling in the Diligence to
+Lyons with "_a brother and a friend_," when they had got about half way
+the latter's purse became empty; "_Brother_," said he to the young man,
+"pay for me, and I will return it to you at Lyons." "I cannot."--"Why, are
+we not brothers?" "Oh certainly, but _our purses are not sisters_."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+SPANISH REFUGEES.
+
+
+As philanthropy is of no _caste_ or creed, let us dip our pen "in the
+milk of human kindness," and recommend each of our readers to contribute
+the amount of the MIRROR purchase-money--_Two-pence_--to the fund for
+relief of the Spanish Refugees.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+THE ANNUALS.
+
+
+The SUPPLEMENT announced in No. 340 of the MIRROR, will be published next
+Saturday, December 6, and will contain Notices of such of the ANNUALS as
+were not included in the previous Supplement, with a FINE ENGRAVING, and
+their _Spirit_, or _Second Sight_.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+LIMBIRD'S EDITION OF THE
+
+_Following Novels are already Published_:
+
+-                                      _s._ _d_.
+Mackenzie's Man of Feeling . . . . . . 0    6
+Paul and Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . 0    6
+The Castle of Otranto. . . . . . . . . 0    6
+Almoran and Ramet. . . . . . . . . . . 0    6
+Elizabeth, or the Exiles of Siberia. . 0    6
+The Castles of Athlin and Dunbayne . . 0    6
+Rasselas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0    8
+The Old English Baron. . . . . . . . . 0    8
+Nature and Art . . . . . . . . . . . . 0    8
+Goldsmith's Vicar of Wakefield . . . . 0   10
+Sicilian Romance . . . . . . . . . . . 1    0
+The Man of the World . . . . . . . . . 1    0
+A Simple Story . . . . . . . . . . . . 1    4
+Joseph Andrews . . . . . . . . . . . . 1    6
+Humphry Clinker. . . . . . . . . . . . 1    8
+The Romance of the Forest. . . . . . . 1    8
+The Italian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2    0
+Zeluco, by Dr. Moore . . . . . . . . . 2    6
+Edward, by Dr. Moore . . . . . . . . . 2    0
+Roderick Random. . . . . . . . . . . . 2    6
+The Mysteries of Udolpho . . . . . . . 3    6
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+_Printed and Published by J. LIMBIRD, 143, Strand, (near Somerset House,)
+London; sold by ERNEST FLEISCHER, 626, New Market, Leipsic; and by all
+Newsmen and Booksellers._
+
+
+
+***END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE MIRROR OF LITERATURE, AMUSEMENT,
+AND INSTRUCTION, VOL. 12, ISSUE 343, NOVEMBER 29, 1828***
+
+
+******* This file should be named 11404-8.txt or 11404-8.zip *******
+
+
+This and all associated files of various formats will be found in:
+https://www.gutenberg.org/1/1/4/0/11404
+
+
+Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions
+will be renamed.
+
+Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no
+one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation
+(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without
+permission and without paying copyright royalties.  Special rules,
+set forth in the General Terms of Use part of this license, apply to
+copying and distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works to
+protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm concept and trademark.  Project
+Gutenberg is a registered trademark, and may not be used if you
+charge for the eBooks, unless you receive specific permission.  If you
+do not charge anything for copies of this eBook, complying with the
+rules is very easy.  You may use this eBook for nearly any purpose
+such as creation of derivative works, reports, performances and
+research.  They may be modified and printed and given away--you may do
+practically ANYTHING with public domain eBooks.  Redistribution is
+subject to the trademark license, especially commercial
+redistribution.
+
+
+
+*** START: FULL LICENSE ***
+
+THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE
+PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK
+
+To protect the Project Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting the free
+distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work
+(or any other work associated in any way with the phrase "Project
+Gutenberg"), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full Project
+Gutenberg-tm License (available with this file or online at
+https://gutenberg.org/license).
+
+
+Section 1.  General Terms of Use and Redistributing Project Gutenberg-tm
+electronic works
+
+1.A.  By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg-tm
+electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree to
+and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property
+(trademark/copyright) agreement.  If you do not agree to abide by all
+the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or destroy
+all copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in your possession.
+If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a Project
+Gutenberg-tm electronic work and you do not agree to be bound by the
+terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from the person or
+entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in paragraph 1.E.8.
+
+1.B.  "Project Gutenberg" is a registered trademark.  It may only be
+used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people who
+agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement.  There are a few
+things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works
+even without complying with the full terms of this agreement.  See
+paragraph 1.C below.  There are a lot of things you can do with Project
+Gutenberg-tm electronic works if you follow the terms of this agreement
+and help preserve free future access to Project Gutenberg-tm electronic
+works.  See paragraph 1.E below.
+
+1.C.  The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation ("the Foundation"
+or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the collection of Project
+Gutenberg-tm electronic works.  Nearly all the individual works in the
+collection are in the public domain in the United States.  If an
+individual work is in the public domain in the United States and you are
+located in the United States, we do not claim a right to prevent you from
+copying, distributing, performing, displaying or creating derivative
+works based on the work as long as all references to Project Gutenberg
+are removed.  Of course, we hope that you will support the Project
+Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting free access to electronic works by
+freely sharing Project Gutenberg-tm works in compliance with the terms of
+this agreement for keeping the Project Gutenberg-tm name associated with
+the work.  You can easily comply with the terms of this agreement by
+keeping this work in the same format with its attached full Project
+Gutenberg-tm License when you share it without charge with others.
+
+1.D.  The copyright laws of the place where you are located also govern
+what you can do with this work.  Copyright laws in most countries are in
+a constant state of change.  If you are outside the United States, check
+the laws of your country in addition to the terms of this agreement
+before downloading, copying, displaying, performing, distributing or
+creating derivative works based on this work or any other Project
+Gutenberg-tm work.  The Foundation makes no representations concerning
+the copyright status of any work in any country outside the United
+States.
+
+1.E.  Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg:
+
+1.E.1.  The following sentence, with active links to, or other immediate
+access to, the full Project Gutenberg-tm License must appear prominently
+whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg-tm work (any work on which the
+phrase "Project Gutenberg" appears, or with which the phrase "Project
+Gutenberg" is associated) is accessed, displayed, performed, viewed,
+copied or distributed:
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+1.E.2.  If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is derived
+from the public domain (does not contain a notice indicating that it is
+posted with permission of the copyright holder), the work can be copied
+and distributed to anyone in the United States without paying any fees
+or charges.  If you are redistributing or providing access to a work
+with the phrase "Project Gutenberg" associated with or appearing on the
+work, you must comply either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1
+through 1.E.7 or obtain permission for the use of the work and the
+Project Gutenberg-tm trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or
+1.E.9.
+
+1.E.3.  If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is posted
+with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution
+must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any additional
+terms imposed by the copyright holder.  Additional terms will be linked
+to the Project Gutenberg-tm License for all works posted with the
+permission of the copyright holder found at the beginning of this work.
+
+1.E.4.  Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project Gutenberg-tm
+License terms from this work, or any files containing a part of this
+work or any other work associated with Project Gutenberg-tm.
+
+1.E.5.  Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this
+electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without
+prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with
+active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project
+Gutenberg-tm License.
+
+1.E.6.  You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary,
+compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form, including any
+word processing or hypertext form.  However, if you provide access to or
+distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg-tm work in a format other than
+"Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other format used in the official version
+posted on the official Project Gutenberg-tm web site (www.gutenberg.org),
+you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense to the user, provide a
+copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means of obtaining a copy upon
+request, of the work in its original "Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other
+form.  Any alternate format must include the full Project Gutenberg-tm
+License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1.
+
+1.E.7.  Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying,
+performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg-tm works
+unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9.
+
+1.E.8.  You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing
+access to or distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works provided
+that
+
+- You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from
+     the use of Project Gutenberg-tm works calculated using the method
+     you already use to calculate your applicable taxes.  The fee is
+     owed to the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark, but he
+     has agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to the
+     Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation.  Royalty payments
+     must be paid within 60 days following each date on which you
+     prepare (or are legally required to prepare) your periodic tax
+     returns.  Royalty payments should be clearly marked as such and
+     sent to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation at the
+     address specified in Section 4, "Information about donations to
+     the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation."
+
+- You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who notifies
+     you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that s/he
+     does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg-tm
+     License.  You must require such a user to return or
+     destroy all copies of the works possessed in a physical medium
+     and discontinue all use of and all access to other copies of
+     Project Gutenberg-tm works.
+
+- You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of any
+     money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in the
+     electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90 days
+     of receipt of the work.
+
+- You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free
+     distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm works.
+
+1.E.9.  If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project Gutenberg-tm
+electronic work or group of works on different terms than are set
+forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing from
+both the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation and Michael
+Hart, the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark.  Contact the
+Foundation as set forth in Section 3 below.
+
+1.F.
+
+1.F.1.  Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend considerable
+effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe and proofread
+public domain works in creating the Project Gutenberg-tm
+collection.  Despite these efforts, Project Gutenberg-tm electronic
+works, and the medium on which they may be stored, may contain
+"Defects," such as, but not limited to, incomplete, inaccurate or
+corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other intellectual
+property infringement, a defective or damaged disk or other medium, a
+computer virus, or computer codes that damage or cannot be read by
+your equipment.
+
+1.F.2.  LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Except for the "Right
+of Replacement or Refund" described in paragraph 1.F.3, the Project
+Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner of the Project
+Gutenberg-tm trademark, and any other party distributing a Project
+Gutenberg-tm electronic work under this agreement, disclaim all
+liability to you for damages, costs and expenses, including legal
+fees.  YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT
+LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE
+PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH F3.  YOU AGREE THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE
+TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE
+LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR
+INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
+DAMAGE.
+
+1.F.3.  LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you discover a
+defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it, you can
+receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by sending a
+written explanation to the person you received the work from.  If you
+received the work on a physical medium, you must return the medium with
+your written explanation.  The person or entity that provided you with
+the defective work may elect to provide a replacement copy in lieu of a
+refund.  If you received the work electronically, the person or entity
+providing it to you may choose to give you a second opportunity to
+receive the work electronically in lieu of a refund.  If the second copy
+is also defective, you may demand a refund in writing without further
+opportunities to fix the problem.
+
+1.F.4.  Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth
+in paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you 'AS-IS,' WITH NO OTHER
+WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO
+WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTIBILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE.
+
+1.F.5.  Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied
+warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of damages.
+If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement violates the
+law of the state applicable to this agreement, the agreement shall be
+interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or limitation permitted by
+the applicable state law.  The invalidity or unenforceability of any
+provision of this agreement shall not void the remaining provisions.
+
+1.F.6.  INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the Foundation, the
+trademark owner, any agent or employee of the Foundation, anyone
+providing copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in accordance
+with this agreement, and any volunteers associated with the production,
+promotion and distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works,
+harmless from all liability, costs and expenses, including legal fees,
+that arise directly or indirectly from any of the following which you do
+or cause to occur: (a) distribution of this or any Project Gutenberg-tm
+work, (b) alteration, modification, or additions or deletions to any
+Project Gutenberg-tm work, and (c) any Defect you cause.
+
+
+Section  2.  Information about the Mission of Project Gutenberg-tm
+
+Project Gutenberg-tm is synonymous with the free distribution of
+electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of computers
+including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers.  It exists
+because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and donations from
+people in all walks of life.
+
+Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the
+assistance they need, is critical to reaching Project Gutenberg-tm's
+goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg-tm collection will
+remain freely available for generations to come.  In 2001, the Project
+Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a secure
+and permanent future for Project Gutenberg-tm and future generations.
+To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation
+and how your efforts and donations can help, see Sections 3 and 4
+and the Foundation web page at https://www.pglaf.org.
+
+
+Section 3.  Information about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive
+Foundation
+
+The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non profit
+501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the
+state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal
+Revenue Service.  The Foundation's EIN or federal tax identification
+number is 64-6221541.  Its 501(c)(3) letter is posted at
+https://pglaf.org/fundraising.  Contributions to the Project Gutenberg
+Literary Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent
+permitted by U.S. federal laws and your state's laws.
+
+The Foundation's principal office is located at 4557 Melan Dr. S.
+Fairbanks, AK, 99712., but its volunteers and employees are scattered
+throughout numerous locations.  Its business office is located at
+809 North 1500 West, Salt Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887, email
+business@pglaf.org.  Email contact links and up to date contact
+information can be found at the Foundation's web site and official
+page at https://pglaf.org
+
+For additional contact information:
+     Dr. Gregory B. Newby
+     Chief Executive and Director
+     gbnewby@pglaf.org
+
+Section 4.  Information about Donations to the Project Gutenberg
+Literary Archive Foundation
+
+Project Gutenberg-tm depends upon and cannot survive without wide
+spread public support and donations to carry out its mission of
+increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can be
+freely distributed in machine readable form accessible by the widest
+array of equipment including outdated equipment.  Many small donations
+($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax exempt
+status with the IRS.
+
+The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating
+charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United
+States.  Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a
+considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and keep up
+with these requirements.  We do not solicit donations in locations
+where we have not received written confirmation of compliance.  To
+SEND DONATIONS or determine the status of compliance for any
+particular state visit https://pglaf.org
+
+While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where we
+have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no prohibition
+against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in such states who
+approach us with offers to donate.
+
+International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make
+any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from
+outside the United States.  U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff.
+
+Please check the Project Gutenberg Web pages for current donation
+methods and addresses.  Donations are accepted in a number of other
+ways including including checks, online payments and credit card
+donations.  To donate, please visit: https://pglaf.org/donate
+
+
+Section 5.  General Information About Project Gutenberg-tm electronic
+works.
+
+Professor Michael S. Hart was the originator of the Project Gutenberg-tm
+concept of a library of electronic works that could be freely shared
+with anyone.  For thirty years, he produced and distributed Project
+Gutenberg-tm eBooks with only a loose network of volunteer support.
+
+Project Gutenberg-tm eBooks are often created from several printed
+editions, all of which are confirmed as Public Domain in the U.S.
+unless a copyright notice is included.  Thus, we do not necessarily
+keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper edition.
+
+Each eBook is in a subdirectory of the same number as the eBook's
+eBook number, often in several formats including plain vanilla ASCII,
+compressed (zipped), HTML and others.
+
+Corrected EDITIONS of our eBooks replace the old file and take over
+the old filename and etext number.  The replaced older file is renamed.
+VERSIONS based on separate sources are treated as new eBooks receiving
+new filenames and etext numbers.
+
+Most people start at our Web site which has the main PG search facility:
+
+https://www.gutenberg.org
+
+This Web site includes information about Project Gutenberg-tm,
+including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary
+Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to
+subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks.
+
+EBooks posted prior to November 2003, with eBook numbers BELOW #10000,
+are filed in directories based on their release date.  If you want to
+download any of these eBooks directly, rather than using the regular
+search system you may utilize the following addresses and just
+download by the etext year.
+
+http://www.ibiblio.org/gutenberg/etext06
+
+    (Or /etext 05, 04, 03, 02, 01, 00, 99,
+     98, 97, 96, 95, 94, 93, 92, 92, 91 or 90)
+
+EBooks posted since November 2003, with etext numbers OVER #10000, are
+filed in a different way.  The year of a release date is no longer part
+of the directory path.  The path is based on the etext number (which is
+identical to the filename).  The path to the file is made up of single
+digits corresponding to all but the last digit in the filename.  For
+example an eBook of filename 10234 would be found at:
+
+https://www.gutenberg.org/1/0/2/3/10234
+
+or filename 24689 would be found at:
+https://www.gutenberg.org/2/4/6/8/24689
+
+An alternative method of locating eBooks:
+https://www.gutenberg.org/GUTINDEX.ALL
+
+*** END: FULL LICENSE ***
diff --git a/old/11404-8.zip b/old/11404-8.zip
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..411e5df
--- /dev/null
+++ b/old/11404-8.zip
diff --git a/old/11404-h.zip b/old/11404-h.zip
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..60b6a3e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/old/11404-h.zip
diff --git a/old/11404-h/11404-h.htm b/old/11404-h/11404-h.htm
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3cb05fc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/old/11404-h/11404-h.htm
@@ -0,0 +1,2915 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
+    "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
+<html>
+<head>
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" />
+<title>The Project Gutenberg eBook of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and Instruction, Vol. 12, Issue 343, November 29, 1828, by Various</title>
+    <style type="text/css">
+    /*<![CDATA[*/
+    <!--
+    body                 {margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%;}
+    p                    {text-align: justify;}
+    blockquote           {text-align: justify;}
+    h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6    {text-align: center;}
+    pre                  {font-size: 0.7em;}
+
+    hr                   {text-align: center; width: 50%;}
+    html>body hr         {margin-right: 25%; margin-left: 25%; width: 50%;}
+    hr.full              {width: 100%;}
+    html>body hr.full    {margin-right: 0%; margin-left: 0%; width: 100%;}
+
+    .note, .footnote     {margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%; font-size: 0.9em;}
+
+    span.pagenum         {position: absolute; left: 1%; right: 91%; font-size: 8pt;}
+
+    .poem                {margin-left:10%; margin-right:10%; margin-bottom: 1em; text-align: left;}
+    .poem .stanza        {margin: 1em 0em 1em 0em;}
+    .poem p              {margin: 0; padding-left: 3em; text-indent: -3em;}
+    .poem p.i2           {margin-left: 1em;}
+
+    .figure              {padding: 1em; margin: 0; text-align: center; font-size: 0.8em; margin: auto;}
+    .figure img          {border: none;}
+    .figure p
+	a:link {color:blue;
+			text-decoration:none}
+	link {color:blue;
+			text-decoration:none}
+	a:visited {color:blue;
+			text-decoration:none}
+	a:hover {color:red}
+    -->
+    /*]]>*/
+    </style>
+</head>
+<body>
+<h1>The Project Gutenberg eBook, The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and
+Instruction, Vol. 12, Issue 343, November 29, 1828, by Various</h1>
+<pre>
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at <a href = "https://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></pre>
+<p>Title: The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and Instruction, Vol. 12, Issue 343, November 29, 1828</p>
+<p>Author: Various</p>
+<p>Release Date: March 2, 2004  [eBook #11404]</p>
+<p>Language: English</p>
+<p>Character set encoding: iso-8859-1</p>
+<p>***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE MIRROR OF LITERATURE, AMUSEMENT, AND INSTRUCTION, VOL. 12, ISSUE 343, NOVEMBER 29, 1828***</p>
+<br />
+<br />
+<center><b>E-text prepared by Jonathan Ingram, Allen Siddle, David Garcia,<br />
+            and the Project Gutenberg Online Distributed Proofreading Team</b></center>
+<br />
+<br />
+    <hr class="full" />
+    <span class="pagenum"><a id="page353" name="page353"></a>[pg
+    353]</span>
+    <h1>
+      THE MIRROR<br />
+       OF<br />
+       LITERATURE, AMUSEMENT, AND INSTRUCTION.
+    </h1>
+    <hr class="full" />
+    <table width="100%" summary="Banner">
+      <tr>
+        <td align="left">
+          <b>VOL. XII, NO. 343.]</b>
+        </td>
+        <td align="center">
+          <b>SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 29, 1828.</b>
+        </td>
+        <td align="right">
+          <b>[PRICE 2d.</b>
+        </td>
+      </tr>
+    </table>
+    <hr class="full" />
+    <div class="figure" style="width: 100%;">
+      <a href="images/343-1.png"><img width="100%"
+      src="images/343-1.png"
+      alt="The Admiralty office, Whitehall." /></a>
+    </div>
+    <p>
+      <span class="pagenum"><a id="page354" name="page354"></a>[pg
+      354]</span>
+    </p>
+    <h3>
+      THE ADMIRALTY-OFFICE.
+    </h3>
+    <p>
+      The <i>Admiralty Office, Whitehall</i>, has few pretensions
+      to architectual beauty. It is, however, to use a common
+      phrase, a <i>commanding</i> pile, and its association with
+      Britain's best bulwarks&mdash;her NAVY&mdash;renders it an
+      interesting subject for representation.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      The Admiralty-office adjoins to the north side of the Horse
+      Guards, and was erected by Ripley, in the reign of George
+      II., on the site of Wallingford House. It recedes from, but
+      communicates with, the street by advancing wings, and is
+      built principally of brick. In the centre of the main
+      building is a lofty portico, of the Ionic order, the taste of
+      which is not entitled to much praise. It consists of four
+      columns, and on the entablature is an anchor in bold relief.
+      Here are the offices, and the spacious abodes of the lords
+      commissioners of the admiralty, together with a handsome
+      hall, &amp;c. On the roof of the building is a Semaphore
+      telegraph, which communicates orders by signal to the
+      principal ports of the empire.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      But the most tasteful portion of the whole, is a stone
+      screen, by Adams, in front of an open court, and facing the
+      street. The style is exceedingly chaste and pleasing, and the
+      decorations are characteristic naval emblems, finely
+      executed. The representation of two ancient vessels in the
+      end entablatures, merit especial notice.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      Since the appointment of the Duke of Clarence to the office
+      of lord high admiral, the Admiralty has been the town
+      residence of his royal highness. The exterior has been
+      repaired, and the interior in part refitted. The screen has
+      likewise been renovated with much care, and two of the
+      entrances considerably enlarged, but with more regard to
+      convenience than good taste. The portion occupied by the
+      royal duke contains a splendid suite of state rooms, within
+      whose walls have frequently been assembled all the bravery,
+      as well as rank, of the empire; for the interests of the
+      noble service are too dear to his royal highness to be
+      eclipsed by the false lights of wealth or fashion.
+    </p>
+    <hr />
+    <h3>
+      HUITAIN DE CLEMENT MAROT.
+    </h3>
+    <p>
+      (<i>For the Mirror</i>.)
+    </p>
+    <div class="poem">
+      <div class="stanza">
+        <p>
+          Plus ne suis ce que j'ay est&eacute;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Et ne le scaurois jamais estre,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Mon beau printemps et mon est&eacute;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Ont fait le saut par la fenestre.
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Amour! tu as est&eacute; mon maistre
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Je t'ai servi sur tous les Dieux,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          O si je pouvois deux fois naistre,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Comment je te se virois mieux!
+        </p>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+    <center>
+      <i>Imitation</i>.
+    </center>
+    <div class="poem">
+      <div class="stanza">
+        <p>
+          I am no more, what I have been
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          And ne'er again shall be so.
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          My summer bright, my spring time green,
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          Have flown out of the window.
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Oh love, my master thou hast been,
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          I, first of gods, instal thee,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Oh! could I e'en be born again,
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          Thou doubly would'st enthral me.
+        </p>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+    <p>
+      D.M.
+    </p>
+    <hr />
+    <h3>
+      TEMPLE AT ABURY.
+    </h3>
+    <p>
+      (<i>To the Editor of the Mirror</i>.)
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      There is an inconsistency in the account of Abury in No. 341,
+      perhaps overlooked by yourself.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      I would ask, how could that arrangement of the fabric, so
+      fancifully and ingeniously described by Stukely, be intended
+      to represent the Trinity, when the place was confessedly in
+      existence long anterior to Christianity? nor is there any
+      thing in the old Druidical or Bardic tenets that can be
+      twisted to any such idea.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      This <i>Abury</i>, with <i>Silbury</i>, is supposed to be the
+      <i>Cludair Cyfrangon</i>, or <i>Heaped Mound of
+      Congregations</i>, mentioned in the <i>Triads</i>, the
+      building of which is recorded as "one of the three mighty
+      achievements of the Isle of Britain;" and here were held the
+      general assemblies of the Britons on religious occasions, and
+      not at Stonehenge, as is generally supposed. This last place
+      is decidedly more modern than the pile at <i>Abury</i>; the
+      Welsh call it <i>Gwaith Emrys, (the work of Emrys</i>,) and
+      it ranks as another of the mighty achievements of the Isle of
+      Britain, the third being "the raising of the Stone of Keti,"
+      supposed to be the "<i>Maen Ceti</i>" at Gwyr, in
+      Glamorganshire.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      The presumption that <i>Stonehenge</i> is more modern than
+      <i>Abury</i> is founded upon the fact that Stonehenge
+      exhibits marks of the chisel in different parts, while the
+      former does not. The ancient British documents give us the
+      founder of the latter, namely, <i>Emrys</i>, or
+      <i>Ambrosius</i>, while we are left in ignorance as to who
+      raised the pile of <i>Cyfrangon</i>.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      Nor was Stonehenge ever of such magnitude as <i>Abury</i>,
+      the diameter of the former being 99 feet, whilst the latter
+      was 1,400; the largest stones of the former weigh 30 tons,
+      but the latter weigh 100 tons!
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      <i>Gwaith Emrys</i> was possibly more for political than
+      religious assemblies. Here was held the meeting of the
+      Britons and Saxons, when the <i>Plot of the Long Knives</i>
+      (<i>Twyll y Cyllyll Hirion</i>) was consummated, and the
+      flower of the British chiefs treacherously destroyed by their
+      pretended friends.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      Different authors have strenuously contended
+      <span class="pagenum"><a id="page355" name="page355"></a>[pg
+      355]</span> for giving the honour of supremacy to either of
+      these places over both Britain and Gaul, in the days of
+      Druidism; but Rowlands has industriously placed its chief
+      seat in Anglesey.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      LEATHART.
+    </p>
+    <hr />
+    <h3>
+      TRANSLATED EPITAPH.
+    </h3>
+    <p>
+      (<i>To the Editor of the Mirror</i>.)
+    </p>
+    <div class="poem">
+      <div class="stanza">
+        <p>
+          Quod fuit esse quod est, quod non fuit esse quod esse,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Esse quod est non esse, quod est non, erit esse.
+        </p>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+    <p>
+      As a translation of this curious epitaph (in Lavenham
+      churchyard) which is formed out of two Latin words, has been
+      requested from some of your readers, I send the
+      following:&mdash;
+    </p>
+    <div class="poem">
+      <div class="stanza">
+        <p>
+          What John Giles has been
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          Is what he is, (<i>a bachelor</i>.)
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          What he has not been,
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          Is what he is, (<i>a corpse</i>.)
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          To be what he is
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          Is not to be, (<i>a living creature</i>.)
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          He will have to be
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          What he is not. (<i>dust</i>.)
+        </p>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+    <p>
+      JOSEPH MASON.
+    </p>
+    <hr />
+    <center>
+      <i>Another</i>.
+    </center>
+    <div class="poem">
+      <div class="stanza">
+        <p>
+          What we have been and what we are,
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          The present and the time that's past,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          We cannot properly compare
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          With what we are to be at last.
+        </p>
+      </div>
+      <div class="stanza">
+        <p>
+          Tho' we ourselves have fancied forms,
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          And beings that have never been,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          We unto something shall be turned&mdash;
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          Which we have not conceived or seen.
+        </p>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+    <p>
+      G.H.
+    </p>
+    <hr />
+    <h3>
+      MARY QUEEN OF SCOTS.
+    </h3>
+    <p>
+      (<i>For the Mirror</i>.)
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      The ensuing letter, though very short, discloses one or two
+      instances connected with a subject of unfading
+      interest&mdash;the death of Mary Queen of Scots. It need
+      hardly be stated, says an able writer on this subject, that
+      Queen Elizabeth's conduct with respect to the execution of
+      Mary was a mixture of unrelenting cruelty, despicable
+      cowardice, and flagitious hypocrisy; that whilst it was the
+      dearest wish of her heart to deprive her kinswoman of her
+      existence, she attempted to remove the odium of the act from
+      herself, by endeavouring to induce those to whose custody she
+      was intrusted to assassinate their prisoner; that when she
+      found she could not succeed, she commanded the warrant to be
+      forwarded; and that when she knew it was too late to recall
+      it, asserted that she never intended it should be carried
+      into execution, threw herself into a paroxysm of affected
+      rage and grief, upbraided her counsellors, and first
+      imprisoned and then sacrificed the fortunes of her poor
+      secretary, Davison, one of her most virtuous servants, as a
+      victim to her own fame, and the resentment of the King of
+      Scots. These damning facts in the character of Elizabeth are
+      too well known to require to be dilated on; they have
+      eclipsed the few noble actions of her life, and remain
+      indelible spots on her reputation as a woman and a sovereign.
+      But we learn from this letter the humiliating effects made by
+      her ministers to appease her fury, and her implacable
+      resolution to overwhelm the unfortunate Davison with the
+      effect of her assumed, or perhaps real repentance. In his
+      apology, that statesman informs us, that on the Friday after
+      Mary's execution, namely, on the 10th of February, arriving
+      at the court he learnt the manner in which the queen had
+      expressed herself relative to the event; but being advised to
+      "<i>absent himself for a day or two</i>," and being,
+      moreover, extremely ill, he left the court, and returned to
+      London. Woolley's communication being dated on <i>Sunday</i>,
+      (the manuscript is so excessively badly written as to be
+      almost illegible,) shows that Elizabeth did not summon her
+      council, and evince her displeasure at their conduct, until
+      Saturday, the 13th of February, two days after she was
+      informed of Mary's fate. Davison had been attacked with a
+      stroke of the palsy shortly before, and all he says of his
+      committal is, that he was not sent to the Tower until Tuesday
+      the 14th, on account of his illness; though some days
+      previous (probably on Saturday the 10th) the queen assembled
+      her council.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      This letter also exhibits a specimen of Leicester's
+      characteristic meanness; for notwithstanding that he was a
+      party to the act of forwarding the warrant for Mary's death,
+      as his name occurs among those of the council who signed the
+      letters to the Earl of Shrewsbury, the earl marshal, and to
+      the Earl of Kent, both of which were dated on the 3rd of
+      February, 1586-7, commanding them to cause it to be put into
+      execution, he took care to withdraw from court before
+      Elizabeth performed the roll, which has so justly excited the
+      scorn of posterity. It may be also remarked, as another
+      example of the official duplicity of the period, that Sir
+      Francis Walsingham likewise affected not to have been
+      concerned in the affair of dispatching the warrant, as in his
+      letter to Lord Thulstone, the secretary to King James, dated
+      at Greenwich, on the 4th of March, 1586-7, less than a month
+      afterwards, he says, "<i>Being absent from court</i>
+      <span class="pagenum"><a id="page356" name="page356"></a>[pg
+      356]</span> when the late execution of the queen, your
+      sovereign mother, happened," though we find that he signed
+      both the letters just mentioned.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      G.B.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      <i>A Letter from John Woolley, clerk of the Council in the
+      time of Elizabeth, to the Earl of Leicester</i>.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      To the Righte Honorable my singular good the Earle of
+      Leycester, one of her Maties Most Honorable Privie Councell.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      RYGHTE Honorable and my moste especiall goode Lorde,&mdash;It
+      pleased her M'tye yesterday night to call the lord treasurer
+      and other of her councell before her into her withdrawing
+      chamber, where she rebuked us all exceedingly, from our
+      concealing from her our proceeding in the Queen of Scott's
+      case; but her indignation particularlye lyghteth most upon my
+      lord treasurer and Mr. Davison, who called us togeather, and
+      delivered the commissione, for she protesteth she gave
+      <i>expresse commandement</i> to the contrarye, and therefore
+      hath taken order for the committing of Mr. Secretary Davison
+      to the Tower, iff she contenew in the mynd she was yeterday
+      night, albeit we all kneeled upon our knees to praye her to
+      the contrarye.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      I think your lordship happy to be absent from these broiles,
+      and thought it my dewtye to lett you understand them; and so
+      in haste I humblye take my leave.&mdash;At the Courte, this
+      present Sunday,<a id="footnotetag1"
+      name="footnotetag1"></a><a href="#footnote1"><sup>1</sup></a>
+      1586.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      Your lordship's ever most bounden,
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      J. WOOLLEY.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      P.S. I have oftentimes sent unto John, your old servante, Mr.
+      Norld, to pray humbly your lordship's orders for the ordering
+      of his case; he hath been long in prisone, and desireth your
+      lordship's orders for the hearing of his case, which it may
+      please your lordship to express unto me.&mdash;<i>Cottonian
+      MSS. Caligula, c. ix. fol. 168</i>, (<i>Original</i>.)
+    </p>
+    <hr class="full" />
+    <h2>
+      The Topographer
+    </h2>
+    <h3>
+      A VISIT TO STUDLEY PARK AND FOUNTAINS ABBEY, YORKSHIRE.
+    </h3>
+    <center>
+      <i>With a Notice of the Roman Military Road, leading from
+      Aldborough (the Isurium of the Romans,) to the North.</i>
+    </center>
+    <div class="poem">
+      <div class="stanza">
+        <p>
+          "Yet still thy turrets drink the light
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          Of summer evening's softest ray;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          And ivy garlands, green and bright,
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          Still mantle thy decay;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          And calm and beauteous, as of old,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Thy wand'ring river glides in gold."
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          A.A. WATTS.
+        </p>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+    <p>
+      Among the most attractive scenes of northern Yorkshire is
+      Studley Park, renowned for the richness of its sylvan
+      scenery, which embosoms the noble ruin of Fountains Abbey.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      For the date of my visit to this <i>Arcadia</i>, I must refer
+      the reader to that season of life when the pure source of
+      thought and feeling is untainted by the world. It is eleven
+      miles from my home to Studley Park, five of which I walked in
+      the twilight of a summer's evening, and slept at a little
+      cottage by the way. The day had been sultry, and the moon
+      rose slowly over the mounds of Maiden Bower, once the site of
+      the noble mansion of the Percys, now destroyed and
+      desolate;<a id="footnotetag2"
+      name="footnotetag2"></a><a href="#footnote2"><sup>2</sup></a>
+      and fell in dreary softness on tower and wood, illumining the
+      sable firs of Newby Park, and throwing another lustre on the
+      gaudy "gowans" that decked the adjacent meadow. Here was a
+      scene for the poetic sympathy of youth:
+    </p>
+    <div class="poem">
+      <div class="stanza">
+        <p class="i2">
+          "That time is past,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          And all its giddy rapture;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Yet not for this faint I, nor mourn;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Other gifts have followed; for such loss
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          I would believe, abundant recompense."
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          WORDSWORTH.
+        </p>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+    <p>
+      The morning found me, after an early breakfast, on the road
+      to Studley Park. Now there are some "moods of my own mind" in
+      which I detest all vehicles of conveyance, when on an
+      excursive tour to admire the antique and
+      picturesque.&mdash;Thus what numerous attractions are
+      presented to us, sauntering along the woody lane on foot,
+      which are lost or overlooked in the velocity of a drive! On
+      the declivity of a meadow, inviting our reflection, rises a
+      little Saxon church, grey with antiquity, and solemnized by
+      its surrounding memorials of "Here lies."&mdash;Across the
+      heath, encircled with fences of uncouth stones, stands a
+      stern record of feudal yore; at the next turn peeps the
+      rectory, encircled with old firs, trained fruit trees, and
+      affectionate ivy; beneath yon darkened thickets rolls the
+      lazy Ure, expanding into laky broadness; and, beyond yon
+      western woods, which embower the peaceful hamlet, are seen
+      the "everlasting hills," across which the enterprising Romans
+      constructed their road. I next passed the boundaries of Newby
+      Park, the property of Lord Grantham. Here beneath enormous
+      beeches were clustering the timid deer, "in sunshine remote;"
+      and the matin songs of birds were sounding from the countless
+      clumps <span class="pagenum"><a id="page357"
+      name="page357"></a>[pg 357]</span> which skirt this retreat.
+      Within that solitude had I enjoyed the society of a brother,
+      alas, now no more! and yet the landscape wore the same sunny
+      smile as when I carved his name on the towering obelisk
+      before him. I felt that sorrow so exquisitely described by
+      <i>Burns</i>:
+    </p>
+    <div class="poem">
+      <div class="stanza">
+        <p>
+          "How can ye bloom so fresh and fair;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          How can ye chant, ye little birds,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          And I so weary, fu' o' care."
+        </p>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+    <p>
+      Leaving Rainton, a sudden rise brings you to the <i>Roman
+      Military Road</i>, leading from
+      Aldborough,<a id="footnotetag3"
+      name="footnotetag3"></a><a href="#footnote3"><sup>3</sup></a>
+      the Isurium of the Romans, to Inverness, in Scotland. This
+      road was repaired by the Empress Heleanae, and hence the
+      corruption, from her name, of Learning Lane, its present
+      designation. It was laid by the Romans, with stones of
+      immense size, which have frequently been dug up. The <i>Via
+      Appia</i>, at <i>Rome</i>, which has lasted 1,800 years,
+      resembles it in construction. Raised considerably above the
+      level of the country which it crosses, it is an object of
+      wonder and interest even to the illiterate, on account of the
+      continuous perspective it presents; there being no
+      <i>bend</i> in it for several miles. Traversing this noble
+      monument of art, how are we led to think on the "strange
+      mutations" which have overthrown kings and kingdoms in the
+      period of its duration, whilst the road remains "like an
+      eternity:"
+    </p>
+    <h3>
+      ON CROSSING THE ROMAN MILITARY ROAD, LEADING FROM ISURIUM TO
+      THE NORTH.
+    </h3>
+    <div class="poem">
+      <div class="stanza">
+        <p>
+          O'er classic ground my humble feet did plod,
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          My bosom beating with the glow of song;
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          And high-born fancy walk'd with me along,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Treading the earth Imperial Caesar trod.
+        </p>
+      </div>
+      <div class="stanza">
+        <p>
+          A thousand rural objects on the way
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          Had been my theme-but far-off years arose,
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          When ancient Britain bow'd beneath her foes,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Adding resplendence to great Caesar's day:
+        </p>
+      </div>
+      <div class="stanza">
+        <p>
+          When sounds of Roman arms through valley rung,
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          And rose that glorious morn upon our isle,
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          No night can hide, or cloud conceal its smile,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          That dazzling morn, which out of darkness sprung.
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          Enduring cenotaph of Roman fame&mdash;
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          More than this record of their mighty name!
+        </p>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+    <p>
+      I reached the ancient town of Ripon as the bells were merrily
+      ringing in the towers of its old collegiate minster, for it
+      was the anniversary of its patron saint, St. Wilfred. After
+      refreshment, and a walk of three miles, I arrived at
+      <i>Studley Park</i>. The fairy effect produced on entering
+      this beautiful retreat is almost indescribable. We suddenly
+      exchange the field and forest scenery for all the poetry of
+      prospect. On the right is a declivity clothed with laurel,
+      and stretching far away; and on the left a lofty and well
+      trimmed fence of laurel, forms a screen or curtain to the
+      valley beneath; the sighing of distant woods and the dashing
+      of waterfalls, break on the enraptured ear, and cause the
+      anxious eye to long for some opening in the verdant shroud.
+      Anon the valley is seen; and through an aperture in the
+      laurel wall, cut in imitation of a window, breaks as sweet a
+      scene as ever <i>Claude</i> immortalized! Unwilling to hazard
+      a formal description, I will merely attempt an outline. Far
+      below, the silver waters of the <i>Skell</i> meander softly
+      amongst statues of tritons, throwing up innumerable fountain
+      streams. These are masterly executions after the ancient
+      sculptors, and give the scene an air of Grecian classicality.
+      Around these triumphs of art, rise lofty woods of graceful
+      birch, varied by dark fir, and interspersed with erections of
+      Roman and Gothic design. It is in the contemplation of these
+      beauties that fancy recalls the mythology of rocky woods,
+      peopled with Dryads and Fauns. Passing by a circuitous path
+      to the other side of this Eden, by sloping walks shaded with
+      ilex, ancient oak, sycamore, cypress, and bay, we have a view
+      of the extent of the valley, terminating with the ruins of
+      <i>Fountains Abbey</i>, and flanked by rocks, wildly
+      overgrown with shrubs; and before us, seen more distinctly,
+      are the statues of <i>Hercules</i> and <i>Antaeus</i>, and a
+      <i>Dying Gladiator</i>&mdash;the Temple of Piety, in which
+      are bronze busts of Titus Vespasian and Nero, and a fine
+      bas-relief of the Grecian Daughter. In front of this temple
+      the water assumes a variety of fantastical forms, ornamented
+      at different points by statues of Neptune, Bacchus, Roman
+      Wrestlers, Galatea, &amp;c. The banqueting-house contains a
+      Venus de Medicis, and a painting of the Governor of Surat, on
+      horseback, in a Turkish habit; on the front of this building
+      are spirited figures of Envy, Hatred, and Malice. From the
+      octagon tower, Mackershaw Lodge and Wood are seen to great
+      advantage; and from the Gothic temple, the dilapidated abbey
+      is an object of striking solemnity; whilst an opening
+      <span class="pagenum"><a id="page358" name="page358"></a>[pg
+      358]</span> in the distance shows the venerable towers of
+      Ripon Minster.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      Wandering eastward, we arrive at the precincts of Fountains
+      Abbey, which gradually presents its monastic turrets midway
+      in a dell, skirted by hills crowned with trees, and varied by
+      rocky slopes to the brook. This abbey was founded in
+      consequence of the disgust which certain monks of the
+      Benedictine order at St. Mary's, York, had imbibed against
+      their <i>relaxed</i> discipline; when struck with the famed
+      austerities of the monks of Rievaulx, they left their abode,
+      and retired to this valley, under the shade of seven yew
+      trees, six of which were (in 1818) standing. The abbey was
+      destroyed in the reign of Stephen, and rebuilt in
+      1204.<a id="footnotetag4"
+      name="footnotetag4"></a><a href="#footnote4"><sup>4</sup></a>
+      The present ruin is celebrated for the sublimity of its
+      architecture, many parts of which are as perfect as when
+      first erected. The tower is 160 feet in height, and is a fine
+      specimen of Gothic, in its best taste. It may with safety be
+      asserted, that no church or abbey in England can boast of
+      such an elegant elevation. The cloisters, 270 feet in length,
+      and divided by 19 pillars and 20 arches, extend across the
+      rivulet, which is arched over to support them; and near to
+      the south end is a large circular stone basin. This almost
+      subterranean solitude is dimly lighted by lancet windows,
+      which are partially obscured by oaks, beeches, and firs; and
+      the gloom is heightened by the brook beneath, which may be
+      seen stretching its way through the broken arches. The only
+      tomb in the church is that of a cross-legged knight, which
+      lies near the grand tower, and represents one of the
+      Mowbrays, who died at Ghent, in 1297. Near the altar is a
+      stone coffin, in which, according to Dugdale, Lord Henry
+      Percy was interred in 1315. Contiguous to the church is an
+      extensive quadrangular court, which has been converted into a
+      flower garden. On the east side is a line of beautiful
+      arches, under one of which is the entrance to the
+      chapter-house, a weed-grown solitude of deadly silence&mdash;
+    </p>
+    <div class="poem">
+      <div class="stanza">
+        <p class="i2">
+          "Where the full-voiced choir
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Lie, with their hallelujahs, quench'd like fire."
+        </p>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+    <p>
+      In 1791, by the removal of some fragments of ruin in the
+      chapter-house, the sepulchres of several of the abbots were
+      discovered; but the inscriptions were obliterated. Over the
+      chapter-house were the library and scriptorium. The
+      architecture or Fountains Abbey is mixed; in some parts are
+      seen the sharp-pointed windows, in others the circular
+      arches. The great eastern window is indescribably
+      magnificent, being 23 feet in width. There has been a central
+      tower, which has long since fallen to decay. The sanctum
+      sanctorum is 131 feet in length; over one of its eastern
+      windows is the figure of an angel holding a scroll, dated
+      1283. The total length of the church is 358 feet. On the
+      north side of the quadrangular court is the refectory, which
+      was supported by large pillars, and adjoining it is the
+      reading gallery, where portions of the Scriptures were
+      delivered to the monks whilst at their meals; by the side of
+      it are the kitchen and scullery, the former remarkable for
+      its spacious arched fire place. Over the refectory was the
+      dormitory, which contained 40 cells; and under the crumbling
+      steps leading to it is the porter's lodge. Near to the
+      refectory are the remains of the abbot's chambers.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      But adieu to the waning glory of Fountains Abbey and the
+      receding towers of Ripon Minster, while retracing my path of
+      yesterday morning. I must linger awhile on the Roman way,
+      where antiquity maintains her supremacy in spite of the war
+      of time, and where the earth looks immutable. Now the groves
+      of Newby Park re-appear with their "sylvan majesty," creating
+      unutterable sympathies; for the wind that bows the
+      surrounding branches moves me to weep for that romantic
+      spirit whose ashes moulder on the shores of India, where
+    </p>
+    <div class="poem">
+      <div class="stanza">
+        <p>
+          "When the sun's noon-glory crests the wave,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          He shines, without a shadow on his grave."
+        </p>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+    <p>
+      * * H.
+    </p>
+    <hr class="full" />
+    <h2>
+      THE ANECDOTE GALLERY
+    </h2>
+    <hr />
+    <h3>
+      PALEY.
+    </h3>
+    <p>
+      Paley would employ himself in his Natural Theology, and then
+      gather his peas for dinner, very likely gathering some hint
+      for his work at the same time. He would converse with his
+      classical neighbour, Mr. Yates, or he would reply to his
+      invitation that he could not come, for that he was busy
+      knitting. He <span class="pagenum"><a id="page359"
+      name="page359"></a>[pg 359]</span> would station himself at
+      his garden wall, which overhung the river, and watch the
+      progress of a cast-iron bridge in building, asking questions
+      of the architect, and carefully examining every pin and screw
+      with which it was put together. He would loiter along a
+      river, with his angle-rod, musing upon what he supposed to
+      pass in the mind of a pike when he bit, and when he refused
+      to bite; or he would stand by the sea-side, and speculate
+      upon what a young shrimp could mean by jumping in the sun.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      With the handle of his stick in his mouth, he would move
+      about his garden in a short hurried step, now stopping to
+      contemplate a butterfly, a flower, or a snail, and now
+      earnestly engaged in some new arrangement of his flower-pots.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      He would take from his own table to his study the back-bone
+      of a hare, or a fish's head; and he would pull out of his
+      pocket, after a walk, a plant or stone to be made tributary
+      to an argument. His manuscripts were as motley as his
+      occupations; the workshop of a mind ever on the alert;
+      evidences mixed up with memorandums for his will; an
+      interesting discussion brought to an untimely end by the
+      hiring of servants, the letting of fields, sending his boys
+      to school, reproving the refractory members of an hospital;
+      here a dedication, there one of his children's
+      exercises&mdash;in another place a receipt for cheap soup. He
+      would amuse his fire side by family anecdotes:&mdash;how one
+      of his ancestors (and he was praised as a pattern of
+      perseverance) separated two pounds of white and black pepper
+      which had been accidentally mixed&mdash;<i>patiens
+      pulveris</i>, he might truly have added; and how, when the
+      <i>Paley arms</i> were wanted, recourse was had to a family
+      tankard which was supposed to bear them, but which he always
+      took a malicious pleasure in insisting had been bought at a
+      sale&mdash;
+    </p>
+    <div class="poem">
+      <div class="stanza">
+        <p>
+          &mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;Haec est
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Vita solutorum miser&acirc; ambitione gravique;
+        </p>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+    <p>
+      the life of a man far more happily employed than in the
+      composition of political pamphlets, or in the nurture of
+      political discontent. Nay, when his friend Mr. Carlyle is
+      about going out with Lord Elgin to Constantinople, the very
+      headquarters of despotism, we do not perceive, amongst the
+      multitude of most characteristic hints and queries which
+      Paley addresses to him, a single fling at the Turk, or a
+      single hope expressed that the day was not very far distant
+      when the Cossacks would be permitted to erect the standard of
+      liberty in his capital.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      I will do your visitation for you (Mr. Carlyle was chancellor
+      of the diocese,) in case of your absence, with the greatest
+      pleasure&mdash;it is neither a difficulty nor a favour.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      Observanda&mdash;1. Compare every thing with English and
+      Cumberland scenery: e.g., rivers with Eden, groves with
+      Corby, mountains with Skiddaw; your sensations of buildings,
+      streets, persons, &amp;c. &amp;c.; e.g., whether the Mufti be
+      like Dr. &mdash;&mdash;, the Grand Seignior, Mr.
+      &mdash;&mdash;.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      2. Give us one day at Constantinople minutely from morning to
+      night&mdash;what you do, see, eat, and hear.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      3. Let us know what the common people have to dinner; get, if
+      you can, a peasant's actual dinner and bottle; for instance,
+      if you see a man working in the fields, call to him to bring
+      the dinner he has with him, and describe it minutely.
+    </p>
+    <hr />
+    <p>
+      4. The diversions of the common people; whether they seem to
+      enjoy their amusements, and be happy, and sport, and laugh;
+      farm-houses, or any thing answering to them, and of what
+      kind; same of public-houses, roads.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      5. Their shops; how you get your breeches mended, or things
+      done for you, and how (i.e. well or ill done;) whether you
+      see the tailor, converse with him, &amp;c.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      6. Get into the inside of a cottage; describe furniture,
+      utensils, what you find actually doing.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      All the stipulations I make with you for doing your
+      visitation is, that you come over to Wearmouth soon after
+      your return, for you will be very entertaining between truth
+      and lying. I have a notion you will find books, but in great
+      confusion as to catalogues, classing, &amp;c.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      7. Describe minutely how you pass one day on ship-board;
+      learn to take and apply lunar, or other observations, and how
+      the midshipmen, &amp;c, do it.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      8. What sort of fish you get, and how dressed. I should think
+      your business would be to make yourself master of the middle
+      Greek. My compliments to Bonaparte, if you meet with him,
+      which I think is very likely. Pick up little articles of
+      dress, tools, furniture, especially from low life&mdash;as an
+      actual smock, &amp;c.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      9. What they talk about; company.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      10. Describe your impression upon first seeing things; upon
+      catching the first view of Constantinople; the novelties of
+      the first day you pass there.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      In all countries and climates, nations and languages, carry
+      with you the best wishes of, dear Carlyle,
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      Your affectionate friend,
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      W. PALEY.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      <i>Quarterly Review</i>.
+    </p>
+    <hr class="full" />
+    <p>
+      <span class="pagenum"><a id="page360" name="page360"></a>[pg
+      360]</span>
+    </p>
+    <h2>
+      SPIRIT OF DISCOVERY.
+    </h2>
+    <hr />
+    <center>
+      <i>The Tea Plant</i>.
+    </center>
+    <p>
+      The tea leaf is plucked from the plant by the manufacturers
+      at <i>three</i> periods during the spring, which crops they
+      call, in their technical phrase, the head, or first spring;
+      the second spring; and the third spring. The quality of the
+      tea varies according to the time of the plucking. The young
+      and tender leaves of course make finer tea than tough and old
+      ones.&mdash;<i>Asiatic Register</i>.
+    </p>
+    <center>
+      <i>Portsmouth Literary and Philosophical Society</i>.
+    </center>
+    <p>
+      We have been much interested with the report of this Society
+      for 1827-8, and we are happy to record the prosperity of the
+      establishment. Some of the lectures, especially those on
+      Geology, or Mineralogy, are very attractive; and in the
+      curator's report, we notice that the Museum, previously rich
+      in fossil organic remains, has been enriched by numerous
+      donations in this department, during the past session. The
+      entire number of specimens in the Museum is upwards of 9,000.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      We have not been at Portsmouth for these three years, and
+      till we saw this report, were not aware that the State
+      Chambers, lately on the Platform Battery, had been pulled
+      down towards the close of last year. The building was of some
+      interest. It was of stone, with walls of considerable
+      thickness, and square vaults below, descending to a level
+      with the parade, and used at different periods as dungeons.
+      The part on which the vane stood, was erected in the reign of
+      Queen Elizabeth, and the other part was built in the time of
+      Charles II., whose name, with the date, was on a marble slab
+      above the doorway. Of late years the building had been
+      modernized and used as a signal-house and subscription
+      reading-room. If we are not mistaken, the edifice had often
+      been much injured by the encroachments of the sea, and
+      probably this led to its removal.
+    </p>
+    <center>
+      <i>Conversations on Geology</i>.
+    </center>
+    <p>
+      We notice with much pleasure a handsome volume under the
+      above popular title, which represents that delightful science
+      in the very attractive form of a series of dialogues between
+      a mother and her children. The Huttonian and Wernerian
+      systems and the Mosaic Geology, are here familiarly
+      explained, and illustrative phenomena and recent discoveries
+      glanced at in the progress of the conversations. How much
+      more profitable are such family recreations than sitting
+      hours over spotted pieces of paper, counting the pips of
+      dice, or simpering over fashionable novels and tales of
+      scandal run mad. Bookish families are usually the happiest,
+      at least if we rightly estimate the term. In an early number
+      we shall endeavour to find some portion of these
+      "Conversations" for our columns.
+    </p>
+    <center>
+      "<i>Arcana of Science for</i> 1829."
+    </center>
+    <p>
+      This work will appear early in January. It will be on the
+      same plan as the volume of last year, and will contain at
+      least <i>thirty engravings</i>, on copper and wood. The
+      <i>mechanical</i> department is unusually copious, and there
+      are some abstracts in the <i>chemical</i>, which are of high
+      value.
+    </p>
+    <center>
+      <i>Rice</i>.
+    </center>
+    <p>
+      Trials have recently been made to grow the dry rice of China
+      in Italy; and it is expected that in time an advantageous
+      cultivation of it may be introduced in France.
+    </p>
+    <center>
+      <i>Turf</i>.
+    </center>
+    <p>
+      A correspondent of a French work on gardening thinks that
+      green turf may be obtained in France by trenching the ground,
+      freeing it from stones, covering the surface with two or
+      three inches of rich compost, and then laying on the turf.
+      The improved soil, he thinks, will retain moisture sufficient
+      to keep the turf growing all the summer, and, consequently,
+      green.
+    </p>
+    <center>
+      <i>Garden of the Hesperides</i>.
+    </center>
+    <p>
+      Lieutenant Beachey, in his <i>Travels in Cyrene</i>, recently
+      published, has thrown some curious light on the ancient
+      account of these celebrated gardens. It appears, that, like
+      many other wonders, ancient and modern, when reduced to
+      simple truth, they are little more than common occurrences.
+      Baron Humboldt and Mr. Bullock have reduced the floating
+      gardens of Mexico to mud banks, with ditches between; and
+      lieutenant Beachey makes it appear, that the gardens of the
+      Hesperides are nothing more than old stone quarries, the
+      bottoms of which have been cultivated.
+    </p>
+    <center>
+      <i>Preparation of Cinnamon</i>.
+    </center>
+    <p>
+      The rough bark is first scraped off with knives, and then,
+      with a peculiar instrument, the inner rind is stripped off in
+      long slips; these are tied up in bundles, and put to dry in
+      the sun, and the wood is sold for fuel. The operation was
+      thus explained to bishop Heber by the cinnamon peelers; but
+      in the regular preparation, the outer bark is not scraped
+      off; but the process of fermentation,
+      <span class="pagenum"><a id="page361" name="page361"></a>[pg
+      361]</span> which the strips undergo when tied up in large
+      quantities, removes the coarse parts. The peelers are called
+      Chaliers.
+    </p>
+    <center>
+      <i>Power of the Sun's Rays</i>.
+    </center>
+    <p>
+      Mr. Mackintosh, contractor for the government works at
+      Stonehouse Point, Devon, lately had to descend in the
+      diving-bell with workmen to lay the foundation of a sea wall.
+      The machine is fitted with convex glasses, in the upper part,
+      to serve the purpose of windows; and Mr. Mackintosh states,
+      that on several occasions, in clear weather, he has witnessed
+      the sun's rays so concentrated by the circular windows, as to
+      burn the labourers' clothes, when opposed to the focal point,
+      and this when the machine was twenty-five feet under the
+      surface of the water!&mdash;<i>From the MS. Journal of the
+      Bristol Nursery Library</i>.
+    </p>
+    <center>
+      <i>The Cowslip and Polyanthus</i>.
+    </center>
+    <p>
+      By sowing the seed of the wild cowslip in the garden, a
+      number of varieties will be produced, some of which have
+      flowers of a beautiful bright red colour. May not this
+      process be the first step towards the formation of our garden
+      polyanthus? if that be not, as is generally supposed, a
+      variety of the primrose, rather than of the
+      cowslip.&mdash;<i>Gard. Mag</i>.
+    </p>
+    <center>
+      <i>French Method of making Coffee</i>.
+    </center>
+    <p>
+      The principal points are these:&mdash;The
+      coffee,&mdash;<i>Turkey or Bourbon</i>,&mdash;should be
+      roasted only till it is of a <i>cinnamon colour</i>, and
+      closely covered up during the process of roasting. In France
+      this is done in closed iron cylinders, turned over a fire by
+      a handle, like a grindstone. The coffee should be coarsely
+      ground soon after it is roasted, but not until quite cool:
+      some think its <i>aroma</i> is better preserved by beating in
+      a mortar, but this is tedious. The proportions for <i>making
+      coffee</i> are usually <i>one pint of boiling water to two
+      and a half ounces of coffee</i>. The coffee being put into
+      the water, the coffee-pot should be covered up, and left for
+      two hours surrounded with hot cinders, so as to keep up the
+      temperature, without making the liquor boil. Occasionally
+      stir it, and after two hours' infusion, remove it from the
+      fire, and allow it a quarter of an hour to settle, and when
+      perfectly clear, decant it. Isinglass, or hartshorn shavings,
+      are sometimes used to clarify coffee; but by this addition
+      you lose a great portion of its delicious aroma.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      Coffee in England is generally <i>over-roasted</i>, and to
+      this fault arise all the inconveniences which are so often
+      attributed to coffee, but which, in reality, are produced by
+      the imperfect modes of its preparation.&mdash;<i>From the
+      Coffee-Drinker's Manual, translated from the French</i>.
+    </p>
+    <center>
+      <i>Ivy</i>.
+    </center>
+    <p>
+      Attached to the officers' barracks at Winchester, is a very
+      fine specimen of ivy; its trunk has been severed off to a
+      height of more than two feet from the ground, yet it has for
+      years continued in healthy vegetation.&mdash;<i>Gard.
+      Mag</i>.
+    </p>
+    <center>
+      <i>Parasite Sycamore</i>.
+    </center>
+    <p>
+      In Kinmel Park, Denbighshire, is an oak tree, which, twenty
+      or thirty years ago, lost one of its largest branches by the
+      wind, and a partial decay was the consequence; a key from a
+      neighbouring sycamore fell into the fracture, which,
+      vegetating, has formed for the old mutilated oak a new head.
+      This parasite appears to have so completely seated itself,
+      that, though the place of its first lodgment is twelve feet
+      from the ground, it is thought that its roots will very soon
+      penetrate to the earth, and at last destroy its venerable
+      nurse.&mdash;<i>Ibid</i>.
+    </p>
+    <center>
+      <i>Turpentine</i>.
+    </center>
+    <p>
+      Common turpentine is the produce of the Scotch pine. Trees
+      with the thickest bark, and which are most exposed to the
+      sun, generally yield the most turpentine. The first incision
+      is made near the foot of the tree, and as the resin flows
+      most abundantly in hot weather, the operations are begun
+      about the end of May, and continued to September. The juice
+      is received into holes dug in the ground, is afterwards taken
+      out with iron ladles, poured into pails, and removed to a
+      hollow trunk, capacious enough to hold three or four barrels.
+      <i>Essential oil of turpentine</i> is obtained by
+      distillation. <i>Common resin</i> is the residuum of the
+      process for obtaining the essential oil. <i>Tar</i> is
+      obtained from the roots and other parts of old trees. <i>Med.
+      Botany</i>.
+    </p>
+    <center>
+      <i>Gum Arabic</i>.
+    </center>
+    <p>
+      The purest and finest gum arabic is brought in caravans to
+      Cairo, by the Arabs of the country round Mounts Tor and
+      Sinai, who bring it from this distance on the backs of
+      camels, sown up in bags, and often adulterated with sand,
+      &amp;c. The gum exudes spontaneously from the bark and trunk
+      of the branches of the tree, in a soft, nearly fluid state,
+      and hardens by exposure to the air, or heat of the sun. It
+      begins to flow in December, immediately after the rainy
+      season, near the flowering time of the tree. Afterwards, as
+      the weather becomes hotter, incisions are made through the
+      bark, to assist the transudation of the
+      juice.&mdash;<i>Ibid</i>.
+    </p>
+    <hr class="full" />
+    <p>
+      <span class="pagenum"><a id="page362" name="page362"></a>[pg
+      362]</span>
+    </p>
+    <h2>
+      SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS
+    </h2>
+    <hr />
+    <h3>
+      RECOLLECTIONS OF A R*T.
+    </h3>
+    <center>
+      <i>Written by Himself</i>.
+    </center>
+    <p>
+      <i>From Blackwood's Magazine.</i>
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      This is a pleasant piece of satire upon the
+      <i>autobiographic</i> mania of the present day. The original
+      article extends to twenty pages, and is throughout a masterly
+      graphic sketch. We have marked a few extracts, which we shall
+      endeavour to connect.
+    </p>
+    <div class="poem">
+      <div class="stanza">
+        <p>
+          "A R&mdash;t! a R&mdash;t! clap to the door."
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          POPE.
+        </p>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+    <p>
+      As I intend to write the following pages entirely for my own
+      amusement, and as they will most probably never meet the eye
+      of mortal man, who alone can decipher them, it is unnecessary
+      for me to make any observations on the doctrine of
+      metempsychosis, to which indeed my reader (if there shall
+      ever be one) may perhaps not be inclined to give implicit
+      belief. It is unnecessary for me, therefore, to begin by
+      alluding to my former visit to this earth. I shall not even
+      hint, whether if it ever took place, it was in antediluvian
+      ages, or during the Babylonian, Grecian, or Roman glory; or
+      in more modern times. Be assured, however, gentle reader, (if
+      any there ever be,) that I have the faculty of
+      observation&mdash;that I have seen many generations of
+      men&mdash;that I have been in almost every corner of the
+      habitable world, and that I am intimately acquainted with the
+      history of mankind.&mdash;(Sir Walter Scott's Novels I have
+      listened to with the greatest attention!)&mdash;I have eat
+      opium in Constantinople&mdash;garlic in Italy&mdash;potatoes
+      in Ireland. I have dabbled my whiskers in Guava
+      jelly&mdash;have drunk rack at Delhi, and at New South Wales
+      I have enjoyed the luxuries of Kangaroo soup and Opossum
+      gravy. I have been at the Highland-moors with young
+      Englishmen&mdash;at Melton with young Scotsmen, and at
+      bathing-quarters with old dowagers and their daughters. I
+      have travelled in all ways&mdash;by seas&mdash;by
+      land&mdash;on foot&mdash;on horseback&mdash;in a
+      carriage&mdash;in a ship&mdash;in a palanquin&mdash;in a
+      muff; but the motion of the camel I never could bear, it so
+      jolted my poor old bones, and discomposed my whole body.
+      India never agreed well with me. The insects, not to mention
+      the serpents, annoyed me. The heat made me quite bilious;
+      and, indeed, I began to feel my liver affected. And however
+      partial I naturally was to perfumes, I soon had a great
+      dislike to the strong smell of musk, which I felt about
+      myself, and which, as I observe every historian agrees, very
+      soon begins to appear in all of my species who reside for any
+      time in India. Musk should not of itself be disagreeable; but
+      to have it constantly below one's nose, and to have every
+      thing you touch smelling of it, you may easily conceive must
+      be very annoying.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      The Count de Buffon, whom we reckon one of our best
+      historians, I see, says we are an omnivorous animal, and that
+      we only seem to prefer hard substances to those which are
+      tender or succulent. In this, however, he is mistaken; at
+      least I can answer for myself. I know, for my part, I prefer
+      mulligatawney and a tender young chicken, to an old pair of
+      boots or a well-picked bone.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      I have the misfortune, my reader, whoever you may be, to
+      belong to a race to which you have an aversion; I may say a
+      perfect horror. I am a wretched proscribed animal. A lady
+      would faint at the sight of me; and if I should merely run
+      across a room, a whole legion of boys and footmen would be
+      after me; and if they should kill me, they themselves, and I
+      am afraid every other person, would give them credit for
+      doing a meritorious action. But, gentle reader, our character
+      is worse than it should be. Although we never received any
+      kindness from man, I am sure I can answer for myself, at
+      least, I have not very often done him mischief for mischief's
+      sake; and do remember that I did not choose my own form, and
+      that perhaps I am now doomed to animate it from the contempt
+      and cruelty, with which, in better days, I may have used the
+      species. But I moralize, and this does not well suit my
+      present condition. You may think it as ridiculous an idea as
+      an oyster in love, which, I remember, used to tickle my
+      fancy. I must only for one moment be allowed to observe, that
+      man bestows far too much care and attention on that
+      green-eyed monster, which I do detest&mdash;I mean the cat.
+      If we were caressed and made much of like it, and half so
+      carefully attended to, I am sure we would make a much better
+      return, and be truly grateful and attached. My friend Buffon
+      seems perfectly to understand their character, and I must be
+      allowed to quote a sentence or two from him, which I know
+      will be much more credited than any thing I could myself say.
+      "They possess," says he, "an innate malice, and perverse
+      disposition, which increase as they grow up, and which
+      education teaches them to conceal, but not to subdue. From
+      determined robbers, the best education can only convert them
+      into flattering <span class="pagenum"><a id="page363"
+      name="page363"></a>[pg 363]</span> thieves, for they have
+      address, subtlety, and desire of plunder." ... "They easily
+      assume the habits of society, but never acquire its manners,
+      for they have only the appearance of attachment and
+      friendship." And again he says, "the cat appears to have no
+      feelings which are not interested&mdash;to have no affection
+      which is not conditional&mdash; and to carry on no
+      intercourse with man, but with the view of turning it to his
+      own advantage. Even the tamest are under no subjection, for
+      they act merely to please themselves."
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      The dog is a very different animal. He is really attached to
+      his master, and only lives to serve him. A dog is a perfect
+      gentleman, and I love to fight with gentlemen.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      The Apostle Paul, in his Epistle to the Philippians,
+      says,&mdash;"Beware of dogs!" c. iii. v. 2. Now, I cannot
+      help always having thought, that he must have meant cats. It
+      is very easy to suppose the Greek word
+      "&kappa;&upsilon;&nu;&alpha;&sigmaf;" "[Greek: kunas]," may
+      have crept in instead of
+      "&gamma;&alpha;&lambda;&alpha;&sigmaf;" "[Greek: galas]" and
+      this, indeed, is I believe, corroborated by the folio
+      manuscript copy of the Bible, of 1223, in the British Museum.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      Our race is generally said to have come from some of the
+      islands in the Levant, or according to others, from Sweden;
+      but I can ascertain with certainty, that my family came to
+      France along with the Huns, and that my immediate ancestors
+      came over to England with William the Conqueror, in 1066. I
+      consider my blood, therefore, as purely British as any of the
+      inhabitants of the island. There is a tradition among us,
+      that the descendants of the pair who cruised with old Noah,
+      settled in the north of Asia, and that we were to be found no
+      where else for about 500 years afterwards. As to this,
+      however, I do not pretend to speak with certainty; but one
+      thing I know, that wherever man is seen to inhabit, we are to
+      be found&mdash;wherever he goes, we attend him. We sent out
+      parties to make discoveries with Vasquez de Gama, Dampier,
+      Anson, and Cook, and although we English gentlemen (who have
+      no blood-relationship with the Norwegians) are known to have
+      such a natural abhorrence at cold, the love of science
+      prevailed, and a strong party were sent to the frozen seas
+      with Ross, Lyon, and Parry. Pontoppidan sagely observes, that
+      "neither the wood nor water R*ts can live farther north than
+      Norway; that there are several districts, as that of
+      Hordenvor, in the diocese of Bergen, and others in the
+      diocese of Aggerhum, where no R*ts are to be found; and that
+      the R*ts on the south banks of the Vormen soon perish, when
+      carried to the north side of it." But we do not reckon Mr.
+      Pontoppidan a historian implicitly to be believed, and indeed
+      the Admiralty took such care of us, that we might have
+      remained for years at the Pole itself, without even having
+      the toothache!
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      We always accompany the first visiters of countries, and when
+      they take possession for their king, we do so for ourselves;
+      and without being put to much trouble in carrying out stores,
+      we have always the best and the pick of every thing. Often
+      have I laughed at the pains man took to preserve his property
+      from man. Stone and iron are made to do their best-armed
+      sentries walking night and day&mdash;when all the time I
+      have, with the coolest composure, been daily wallowing in the
+      best of every thing. Nature abhors a vacuum, and will not
+      allow us to starve, especially in the midst of plenty; but I
+      may safely say, that I never wantonly destroyed, and, if
+      possible, have always preferred the rich man's store.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      Before the flood, as the cave of Yorkshire no doubt proves,
+      we were to be found in this island&mdash;but upon this
+      subject I shall not enter at present. Probably what is now
+      Britain, was not then an island&mdash;I leave this, however,
+      to wiser heads!
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      In the beginning of the year &mdash;&mdash;, my parents
+      accompanied the baggage of the &mdash;&mdash; Dragoon Guards
+      to Scotland. They told me they came in the carts with the
+      sergeants' wives, as being the most comfortable. I was born
+      above one of the stables on the east side of the court of
+      Piershill barracks, or as I used to hear the soldiers then
+      call it, "Jock's Lodge," which is within a mile and a half of
+      Edinburgh. My father was a kind, sensible gentleman, and was
+      much esteemed by all his friends; and I sincerely forgive him
+      for the great desire, and the many attempts he made to eat me
+      up. It was a natural instinct, and poor fellow, he could not
+      be blamed for it. If he had succeeded, it would have saved me
+      many vexations and trials, but my poor mother thought
+      otherwise; and I am sure she fought most valiantly with my
+      father whenever he made any attempt of the kind.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      [He might, perhaps, have lived and died in the barracks where
+      he was born, had it not been for his miraculous escape from a
+      <i>hunt</i> by the officers of the dragoons. A few nights
+      afterwards a large band of R*ts made an excursion of several
+      miles, and in returning, remained for a day or two at Leith.
+      "It being a sea-port, they met with some of their own species
+      from all parts of the world, the
+      <span class="pagenum"><a id="page364" name="page364"></a>[pg
+      364]</span> language of most of whom they could not
+      understand."&mdash;He travels in the pocket of a captain to
+      Edinburgh. His adventures in this city are very amusing. He
+      next sails for Holland.]
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      We set sail in a few days with a fair wind down the Frith,
+      and soon left the Bass and the May behind us. I must confess,
+      I was a little afraid, when, for the first time, I was out of
+      sight of land. It is a dismal thought to have nothing but sea
+      and sky around, and only a frail plank between us and the
+      fathomless depths of ocean. This was my first voyage; but
+      many a day and month and year have I spent on the water since
+      that time.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      I was a little squeamish or so for the first day, but nothing
+      like some of our passengers. The great secret I have always
+      found, is to eat plenty, and drink a little brandy; that is
+      much better than all your quack receipts.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      We had a dog on board, but he was a lazy, mangy fellow, and
+      gave us little trouble. The wind continued favourable, and on
+      the sixth evening, the lights of Goeree and Helvoetsluis were
+      visible. Some of the passengers left us at the latter town;
+      but I merely went ashore and took a rapid look of the
+      streets, and of the guard-ship, which was in the Dock in the
+      centre of the town, and returned to the smack by the
+      captain's boat. I saw rather a curious scene on board the
+      man-of-war. Some of her men had been engaged in a row the
+      previous night, and were sentenced to be flogged. After being
+      stripped, they seemed to dip each man in the water before
+      commencing the more disagreeable part of the operation. If I
+      had not been in such a hurry, I should certainly have made
+      bold to have carried a biscuit to a poor little midshipman,
+      who was condemned to remain twelve hours at the mast-head for
+      some nonsense or other, and who looked most miserably cold.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      Mynheer is certainly a strange fat-bottomed animal after all.
+      His pipe never seems to be out of his mouth, nor his hands
+      out of his pockets. The pilots who came on board, with their
+      very little hats, their immense wide, short breeches, and
+      large wooden shoes, surprised me not a little. The Dutch get
+      the credit of being very cleanly, but I cannot say much as to
+      that, in their persons at least. The Bad Huis, or Bath Hotel,
+      which is on the Boom Keys, the best street in Rotterdam, was
+      recommended to me as the only one a gentleman could go to,
+      and there accordingly I and four of the passengers took up
+      our quarters.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      Upon the whole, there did not appear much to be seen in the
+      town. The inhabitants seemed more an eating and drinking sort
+      of people than any thing else. Their ferries through the town
+      are a very great nuisance, as one cannot always have a doit
+      about them; and a surly, brown, Dutch rascal at one time had
+      the impudence to stop me till I had to borrow from a friend.
+      The statue of Erasmus is a shabby concern.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      A party were intending, I found, to make a trip along the
+      Rhine; so I thought I could not do better than join them. We
+      went by the Hague, Haarlem, and Amsterdam. With the last, I
+      was much disappointed. They say it contains 200,000 human
+      inhabitants, but it has not even a tolerable hotel. The
+      famous Haarlem tulip gardens, I of course visited,
+      particularly those of Van Eeden. I wonder what the fools
+      could see in tulips, who gave 10,000 guilders for one root.
+      The organ is certainly very fine; but it nearly cracked the
+      drum of my ears.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      When at Amsterdam, I was nearly carried off to Archangel,
+      which would, at the time, have been rather a bore indeed.
+      After a grand let-off, given by a rich burgo-master, to which
+      my friends got me a special invitation, I incautiously
+      exceeded in the cura&ccedil;oa, of which I did not at all
+      then know the strength. The vessel put to sea, and I had
+      enough to do to secure my retreat in the pilot boat. From
+      Amsterdam we proceeded in a curious, large diligence to
+      Utrecht, and from that to Cologne. We had twelve (human)
+      passengers inside, who smoked the whole time without
+      intermission. I, as well as all my species, are most partial
+      to perfumes, and I did not therefore fail to visit the
+      representative of Signior Jean Marie Farina in his shop, No.
+      4568, &agrave; la rue haute &agrave; Cologne. Nothing struck
+      me particularly in this town of Cologne. The streets are very
+      narrow, and seemed dull enough. To be sure, the principal
+      one, which is said to be a German league in length, is rather
+      fine. The old convent of the Ladies of St. Ursula, is curious
+      at least. They show you in it the bones of 11,000 virgins,
+      who they say were murdered by the Huns at the time of their
+      invasion, when they destroyed the town. I might easily have
+      had a taste of them; but I had no fancy for such antiquated
+      old maids. In the Cathedral, or Dom, as they call it, you see
+      the tomb of the three famous kings of Cologne, and the gold
+      and silver chests which contain the bones of the Holy
+      Engelberth. I don't think, in the whole town, there is any
+      thing else worth the trouble of looking at. The hotel "Le
+      Prince Charles," I found tolerably comfortable:
+      <span class="pagenum"><a id="page365" name="page365"></a>[pg
+      365]</span> there is a good French cook, but he is a saucy
+      fellow.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      (<i>To be concluded in our next</i>.)
+    </p>
+    <hr class="full" />
+    <h2>
+      THE SELECTOR;<br />
+      AND<br />
+      LITERARY NOTICES OF<br />
+      <i>NEW WORKS</i>.
+    </h2>
+    <hr />
+    <h3>
+      A MOTHER'S LOVE
+    </h3>
+    <div class="poem">
+      <div class="stanza">
+        <p>
+          Oh, beauteous were my baby's dark blue eyes,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Evermore turning to his mother's face,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          So dove-like soft, yet bright as summer skies;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          And pure his cheek as roses, ere the trace
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Of earthly blight or stain their tints disgrace.
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          O'er my loved child enraptured still I hung;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          No joy in life could those sweet hours replace,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          When by his cradle low I watched and sung&mdash;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          While still in memory's ear his father's promise rung.
+        </p>
+      </div>
+      <div class="stanza">
+        <p>
+          Long, long I wept with weak and piteous cry
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          O'er my sweet infant, in its rosy bloom,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          As memory brought my hours of agony
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Again before my mind:&mdash;I mourned his doom;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          I mourned my own: the sunny little room
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          In which, opress'd by sickness, now I lay,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Weeping for sorrows past, and woes to come,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Had been my own in childhood's early day.
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Oh! could those years indeed so soon have passed away!
+        </p>
+      </div>
+      <div class="stanza">
+        <p>
+          Past, as the waters of the running brook;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Fled, as the summer winds that fan the flowers!
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          All that remained, a word&mdash;a tone&mdash;a look,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Impressed, by chance, in those bright joyous hours;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Blossoms which, culled from youth's light fairy bowers,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Still float with lingering scent, as loath to fade,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          In spite of sin's remorseless, 'whelming powers,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Above the wreck which time and grief have made.
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Nursed with the dew of tears, though low in ruin laid.
+        </p>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+    <p>
+      <i>The Sorrows of Rosalie</i>.
+    </p>
+    <hr />
+    <h3>
+      FAGGING AT WINCHESTER SCHOOL.
+    </h3>
+    <p>
+      The following outline of a recent quarrel at Winchester
+      School serves to illustrate the <i>System</i> of
+      <i>Fagging</i> as practised at one of our leading schools,
+      among the "future clergy, lawyers, legislators, and peers of
+      England." It is extracted from a pamphlet by Sir Alexander
+      Malet, Bart.; and we hope this <i>expose</i> will lead to the
+      extermination of the "custom:"&mdash;
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      The prefects, or eight senior boys of the school, are in the
+      habit of fagging the juniors; and that they may have a
+      greater command of their services during meal times, they
+      appoint one of the junior boys with the title of course
+      keeper, whose business it is to take care that whilst the
+      prefects are at breakfast or supper, the juniors sit upon a
+      certain cross bench at the top of the hall, that they may be
+      forthcoming whenever a prefect requires any thing to be done.
+      During that part of the short half-year in which there are no
+      fires kept, a sufficient number of boys for this service was
+      generally furnished from the fourth class, and it was
+      considered that the junior part of the fifth class, which is
+      next in the ascending scale, was exempt from so disagreeable
+      a servitude. It appears, however, that within these few
+      years, there has been a much greater press of boys to enter
+      the school than formerly; the consequence has been, that they
+      have come to it older and more advanced in their studies than
+      formerly, and the upper departments of the school have
+      received a greater accession of numbers in proportion than
+      the lower classes. The fourth class, therefore, gradually
+      furnishing a smaller number of fags, the prefects issued a
+      mandate, that the junior part of the fifth class should share
+      with the fourth in the duty of going on hall: this was for
+      some time submitted to; but at length one of the boys of this
+      class intentionally abstained from seating himself on the
+      cross bench at supper-time, and being seen by the senior
+      prefect, and desired by him to go on hall, refused to do so,
+      and argued the point as a matter of right, alleging, as the
+      ancient usage of the school, the exemption of the junior part
+      of the fifth class from this duty till the commencement of
+      fires; he referred to the course keeper as being the
+      depositary of the rules, and expressed himself prepared to
+      abide by his decision. The course keeper, who does not appear
+      to have been very well versed in the usages of the school,
+      decided that the boy ought to go on hall; and the prefect
+      therefore resolved, not only to enforce this new rule, but to
+      punish the contumely of this unlucky boy by giving him a
+      public chastisement. To this, however, the junior did not
+      feel inclined to submit, and a second prefect laid hold of
+      him, that he might not evade the beating destined for him: a
+      simultaneous movement then took place amongst the juniors,
+      who pinioned the two prefects, released the boy who was being
+      beaten, and gave them to understand that the intended
+      chastisement should not be inflicted. The prefects instantly
+      laid a complaint before the head master, who expelled the boy
+      who had refused to go on hall, and five others, who had
+      appeared most active in preventing the prefect from punishing
+      him.
+    </p>
+    <hr />
+    <h3>
+      WRITTEN IN A LADY'S ALBUM.
+    </h3>
+    <div class="poem">
+      <div class="stanza">
+        <p>
+          As sweeps the bark before the breeze,
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          While waters coldly close around,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Till of her pathway through the seas
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          The track no more is found;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Thus passing down Oblivion's tide,
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          The beauteous visions of the mind
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Fleet as that ocean pageant glide,
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          And leave no trace behind.
+        </p>
+      </div>
+      <div class="stanza">
+        <p>
+          But the pure page may still impart
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          Some dream of feeling, else untold,&mdash;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          The silent record of a heart,
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          E'en when that heart is cold.
+        </p><span class="pagenum"><a id="page366"
+        name="page366"></a>[pg 366]</span>
+        <p>
+          Its lorn memorials here may bloom,&mdash;
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          Perchance to gentle bosoms dear,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Like flowers that linger o'er the tomb
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          Bedewed with Beauty's tear.
+        </p>
+      </div>
+      <div class="stanza">
+        <p>
+          I ask not for the meed of fame.
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          The wreath above my rest to twine,&mdash;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Enough for me to leave my name
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          Within this hallow'd shrine;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          To think that o'er these lines thine eye
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          May wander in some future year,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          And Memory breathe a passing sigh
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          For him who traced them here.
+        </p>
+      </div>
+      <div class="stanza">
+        <p>
+          Calm sleeps the sea when storms are o'er,
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          With bosom silent and serene,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          And but the plank upon the shore
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          Reveals that wrecks have been.
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          So some frail leaf like this may be
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          Left floating on Time's silent tide,&mdash;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          The sole remaining trace of me,&mdash;
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          To tell I lived and died.
+        </p>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+    <p>
+      <i>Malcolm's Scenes of War, &amp;c.</i>
+    </p>
+    <hr />
+    <h3>
+      THE SUICIDE LOVER.
+    </h3>
+    <p>
+      A young man, of rich and respectable parents, was for a long
+      time passionately in love with a young lady of the same town,
+      whose birth and fortune were equal to his own; he had also
+      the good fortune not to displease the young lady. Both
+      families were anxious to bring the business to a conclusion;
+      notwithstanding which the intended always found some specious
+      pretext to put off the ceremony. The parents of the lady,
+      after yielding for some time to the different excuses of
+      their future son-in-law, as they could not find out the
+      motive, began to be weary of being put off so often, and at
+      last declared to him that a rival, who was his equal in every
+      thing, had presented himself, and that if he did not soon
+      make up his mind, they should be obliged to give up to the
+      desire of his rival. The young man upon this information made
+      up his mind; and, after the necessary arrangements, the day
+      for the ceremony arrived. The bride, the two families and
+      friends, were assembled, and waited only for the bridegroom
+      in order to proceed to church, when a servant arrived with
+      the sad intelligence that his master was taken suddenly ill,
+      and in consequence requested that the celebration of the
+      nuptials might once more be deferred for a few days. Two of
+      his friends, who witnessed both the surprise and even the
+      indignation which was marked on every countenance, left the
+      party, and hastened to the gentleman's house, and pointed out
+      in such strong colours the folly, as well as the bad
+      consequences of his behaviour, that he sent them away,
+      assuring them that he would dress himself and follow them
+      immediately. But an hour having elapsed, and no bridegroom
+      appearing, the two friends again set out to inquire into the
+      cause of the delay, which seemed to them more than ever
+      extraordinary. They had just arrived at the foot of his
+      staircase, when they heard the report of a pistol. They
+      hastened to ascend, and having forced open the door of the
+      young man's apartment, they found him dead upon the floor,
+      weltering in his blood. They were so shocked at the sight
+      before them, that they could not return to announce the fatal
+      news, but instantly dispatched a servant for that purpose. It
+      is more easy to conceive than describe the consternation such
+      a piece of intelligence was likely to throw every one into;
+      but the situation of the bride was most to be pitied; she not
+      only lost a lover just on the point of being her husband, but
+      fancied that he had received some calumnious information
+      which caused him to prefer death to the necessity of being
+      united to her. It was some days before this mystery was
+      cleared up, as it was not until the seals were broken, that
+      they found the following written paper in his desk, dated
+      eight days before the fatal catastrophe:&mdash;"I adore
+      Mademoiselle de N&mdash;&mdash;, and shall do so all my life.
+      Her virtues surpassed if possible her charms; and I would
+      sacrifice the last drop of my blood rather than cause her the
+      least uneasiness. But the cruel and dangerous passion of
+      jealousy possesses me to such a degree, that notwithstanding
+      all her merits, the bare idea of a rival makes me wretched.
+      Every effort on my part, joined to the voice of reason, has
+      never been able to eradicate this dreadful poison from my
+      heart, and which I fear is incurable. If I yield to my
+      penchant for her, and become her husband, instead of being a
+      tender lover, of which she is so worthy, I should be a
+      tyrant, whose frenzy would render her more miserable than
+      myself. They press me to bring our union to a conclusion,
+      they threaten me also with a rival, who without doubt
+      deserves her more than I. How can I, miserable wretch that I
+      am, how can I ward off the blow which threatens me? I flatter
+      myself, at least, to have succeeded in my endeavours to
+      conceal the vice of a heart which, although entirely her own,
+      can never exterminate the miserable passion which possesses
+      it. The time approaches with rapid strides when I must make
+      up my mind. Good Heaven direct me! shall I risk making her
+      unhappy? Can I resolve to see her the wife of another? Never,
+      no never! rather let me die a hundred deaths...."
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      This unfortunate youth had written no more, but it was
+      sufficient to prove that he had sacrificed himself for the
+      happiness of his mistress.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      <i>Album of Love</i>.
+    </p>
+    <hr />
+    <p>
+      <span class="pagenum"><a id="page367" name="page367"></a>[pg
+      367]</span>
+    </p>
+    <h3>
+      THE CRUSADER'S SONG.
+    </h3>
+    <center>
+      "Remember the Holy Sepulchre."
+    </center>
+    <div class="poem">
+      <div class="stanza">
+        <p>
+          Forget the land which gave ye birth&mdash;
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          Forget the womb that bore ye&mdash;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Forget each much-loved spot of earth&mdash;
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          Forget each dream of glory&mdash;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Forget the friends that by your side
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          Stood firm as rocks unbroken&mdash;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Forget the late affianced bride,
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          And every dear love token&mdash;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Forget the hope that in each breast
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          Glow'd like a smould'ring ember&mdash;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          But still the Holy Sepulchre,
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          Remember! oh remember!
+        </p>
+      </div>
+      <div class="stanza">
+        <p>
+          Remember all the vows ye've sworn
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          At holy Becket's altar&mdash;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Remember all the ills ye've borne,
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          And scorn'd to shrink or falter&mdash;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Remember every laurel'd field,
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          Which saw the Crescent waving&mdash;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Remember when compell'd to yield,
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          Uncounted numbers braving:
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Remember these, remember too
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          The cause ye strive for, ever;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          The Cross! the Holy Sepulchre!
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          Forget&mdash;forget them never!
+        </p>
+      </div>
+      <div class="stanza">
+        <p>
+          By Him who in that Sepulchre
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          Was laid in Death's cold keeping&mdash;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          By Her who bore, who rear'd him. Her
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          Who by that Cross sat weeping&mdash;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          By those, whose blood so oft has cried
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          Revenge for souls unshriven!&mdash;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          By those, whose sacred precepts guide
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          The path to yonder Heaven!
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          From youth to age, from morn to eve
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          From Spring-tide to December,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          The Holy Sepulchre of Christ
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          Remember! oh remember!
+        </p>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+    <p>
+      <i>Literary Remains of Henry Neele</i>.
+    </p>
+    <hr />
+    <h3>
+      A SERENADE.
+    </h3>
+    <div class="poem">
+      <div class="stanza">
+        <p>
+          Wake, Lady, wake! the midnight Moon
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Sails through the cloudless skies of June;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          The Stars gaze sweetly on the stream,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Which in the brightness of their beam,
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          One sheet of glory lies;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          The glow-worm lends its little light,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          And all that's beautiful and bright
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Is shining in our world to-night,
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          Save thy bright eyes,
+        </p>
+      </div>
+      <div class="stanza">
+        <p>
+          Wake, Lady! wake! the nightingale
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Tells to the Moon her love-lorn tale;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Now doth the brook that's hush'd by day,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          As through the vale she winds her way,
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          In murmurs sweet rejoice;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          The leaves, by the soft night-wind stirr'd,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Are whispering many a gentle word,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          And all Earth's sweetest sounds are heard,
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          Save thy sweet voice.
+        </p>
+      </div>
+      <div class="stanza">
+        <p>
+          Wake, Lady! wake! thy lover waits,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Thy steed stands saddled at the gates;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Here is a garment, rich and rare,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          To wrap thee from the cold night-air;
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          Th' appointed hour is flown.
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Danger and doubt have vanish'd quite,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Our way before lies clear and right,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          And all is ready for the flight,
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          Save thou alone!
+        </p>
+      </div>
+      <div class="stanza">
+        <p>
+          Wake, Lady! wake! I have a wreath
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Thy broad fair brow should rise beneath;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          I have a ring that must not shine
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          On any finger, Love! but thine&mdash;
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          I've kept my plighted vow;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Beneath thy casement here I stand,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          To lead thee by thine own white hand,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Far from this dull and captive strand&mdash;
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          But where art thou?
+        </p>
+      </div>
+      <div class="stanza">
+        <p>
+          Wake, Lady! wake! She wakes! she wakes!
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Through the green mead her course she takes;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          And now her lover's arms enfold
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          A prize more precious far than gold,
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          Blushing like morning's ray;
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Now mount thy palfrey, Maiden kind!
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          Nor pause to cast one look behind,
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          But swifter than the viewless wind,
+        </p>
+        <p class="i2">
+          Away! away!
+        </p>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+    <p>
+      <i>Ibid</i>.
+    </p>
+    <hr class="full" />
+    <h2>
+      THE GATHERER
+    </h2>
+    <div class="poem">
+      <div class="stanza">
+        <p>
+          "A snapper-up of unconsidered trifles."
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          SHAKSPEARE.
+        </p>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+    <hr />
+    <h3>
+      FILTHY WATER.
+    </h3>
+    <p>
+      If the unhappy victims of mud-juice had constant access to
+      the solar microscope, and there was occasionally in London a
+      little sunshine to set off the animated bedevilments which
+      are crowded into the composition, and could see thousands of
+      animals, generated in filth, and living in the highest
+      spirits and the greatest abundance, in the stuff destined for
+      their stomachs, they would go mad. Boiled down in tea (for
+      which, in the midst of <i>starvation</i>, a cockney pays five
+      hundred per cent. beyond its value, and a tax of five hundred
+      per cent. more than that,) these centipedes, toads, small
+      alligators, large worms, white bait, snails, caterpillars,
+      maggots, eels, minnows, weeds, moss, offal in detachments,
+      gas-juice, vinegar lees, tallow droppings, galls, particles
+      of dead men, women, children, horses, and dogs, train-oil,
+      copper, dye-stuff, soot, and dead fish, are all, according to
+      the chemistry of the washerwomen, neutralized, mollified,
+      clarified, and rectified&mdash;but this we doubt; and if any
+      of the unhappy persons who imbibe nastiness fourteen times a
+      week, under the idea that it is good and wholesome because it
+      is hot, will take the trouble to look at the agreeable
+      deposit in the bottom of the "slop-basin," they will find
+      that independent of all the muddy, fishy, oily, gaseous,
+      animal and vegetable stuff, introduced into their stomachs
+      under the guise of that most poisonous of all herbs, tea,
+      they are in the habit of swallowing mud, earth, stones, sand,
+      and gravel, in quantities sufficient to establish in less
+      than three months spaces of land as big as Cornish freeholds
+      in their insides.&mdash;<i>John Bull</i>.
+    </p>
+    <hr />
+    <h3>
+      NAPOLEON.
+    </h3>
+    <p>
+      While Napoleon was a subaltern in the army, a Russian officer
+      remarked, with much self-sufficiency, "That his country
+      fought for glory and the French for gain."&mdash;"You are
+      perfectly right," answered Napoleon; "every one fights for
+      that which he does not possess."
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      INA.
+    </p>
+    <hr />
+    <h3>
+      FORBIDDEN FRUIT.
+    </h3>
+    <p>
+      Sir Richard Steele, who represented the borough of
+      Stockbridge, Hants, in parliament in the reign of Queen Anne,
+      carried his election against a powerful opposition, by
+      sticking a large apple full
+      <span class="pagenum"><a id="page368" name="page368"></a>[pg
+      368]</span> of guineas, and declaring that it should be the
+      prize of that man whose wife was first brought to bed after
+      that day nine months. This merry offer procured him the
+      interest of the ladies, who, it is said, commemorate Sir
+      Richard's bounty to this day, and once made a vigorous effort
+      to procure a standing order of the corporation, that no man
+      should ever be received as a candidate who did not offer
+      himself on the same terms.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      HALBERT H.
+    </p>
+    <hr />
+    <h3>
+      EPITAPH ON A SILLY, DRUNKEN SOT.
+    </h3>
+    <p>
+      His life and death five letters do express; A.B.C. he knew
+      not, and he died of X.S.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      G.J.F.
+    </p>
+    <hr />
+    <h3>
+      CONVENIENT ABSENCE.
+    </h3>
+    <p>
+      An individual often visited a landscape painter, who had a
+      very beautiful wife, but he always met with the husband.
+      "Zounds," said he, one day to him, "for a painter of
+      landscapes, you are very seldom in the country."
+    </p>
+    <hr />
+    <h3>
+      TARRAGON.
+    </h3>
+    <p>
+      We recommend our correspondent, <i>Qy?</i> to steep shalots
+      and tarragon in vinegar, to be used as a sauce with
+      rump-steaks. Or he may chop the shalots and tarragon <i>very
+      fine</i>, and sprinkle them over the meat. Tarragon sprinkled
+      over mutton chops is a nice relish; and with <i>sauce
+      piquante</i> flavoured with the above vinegar, makes a dish
+      on "which the gods might dine."
+    </p>
+    <hr />
+    <h3>
+      PEREMPTORY CONCLUSION.
+    </h3>
+    <p>
+      An advocate, whose pleading appeared too diffuse for the
+      cause he was defending, had received an order from the first
+      president to abridge it; but the former, without omitting a
+      word of his intended address, replied in a firm tone, that
+      all he uttered was essential. The president, hoping at length
+      to make him silent, said to him, "The court orders you to
+      <i>conclude</i>." "Well," replied the advocate, "then I
+      <i>conclude</i> that the court shall hear me."
+    </p>
+    <hr />
+    <h3>
+      GROUNDS OF RECOGNITION.
+    </h3>
+    <p>
+      A man went to a restaurateur's (or chop-house) in France, to
+      dine. He perceived another man in the room and hurried away
+      to tell the master. "If you do not, Sir, order that man, who
+      is dining alone at the table in the corner, out of your
+      house, a respectable individual will not be able to sit down
+      in it."&mdash;"How is that, Sir?"&mdash;"Because that is the
+      executioner of R&mdash;&mdash;." The host, after some
+      hesitation, at length went and spoke to the stranger, who
+      calmly answered him: "By whom have I been
+      recognised?"&mdash;"By that gentleman," said the landlord,
+      pointing out the former. "Indeed, he ought to know me, for it
+      is not two years since I whipped and branded him."
+    </p>
+    <hr />
+    <h3>
+      SINGULAR MISTAKE.
+    </h3>
+    <p>
+      A courtier was playing at piquet, and was greatly annoyed by
+      a short-sighted man with a long nose. To get rid of it he
+      took his pocket handkerchief and wiped his troublesome
+      neighbour's nose. "Ah, sir," said he immediately, "I really
+      beg your pardon, I took it for my own."
+    </p>
+    <hr />
+    <h3>
+      BROTHERS AND SISTERS.
+    </h3>
+    <p>
+      During the revolution, a young man was travelling in the
+      Diligence to Lyons with "<i>a brother and a friend</i>," when
+      they had got about half way the latter's purse became empty;
+      "<i>Brother</i>," said he to the young man, "pay for me, and
+      I will return it to you at Lyons." "I cannot."&mdash;"Why,
+      are we not brothers?" "Oh certainly, but <i>our purses are
+      not sisters</i>."
+    </p>
+    <hr />
+    <h3>
+      SPANISH REFUGEES.
+    </h3>
+    <p>
+      As philanthropy is of no <i>caste</i> or creed, let us dip
+      our pen "in the milk of human kindness," and recommend each
+      of our readers to contribute the amount of the MIRROR
+      purchase-money&mdash;<i>Two-pence</i>&mdash;to the fund for
+      relief of the Spanish Refugees.
+    </p>
+    <hr />
+    <h3>
+      THE ANNUALS.
+    </h3>
+    <p>
+      The SUPPLEMENT announced in No. 340 of the MIRROR, will be
+      published next Saturday, December 6, and will contain Notices
+      of such of the ANNUALS as were not included in the previous
+      Supplement, with a FINE ENGRAVING, and their <i>Spirit</i>,
+      or <i>Second Sight</i>.
+    </p>
+    <hr />
+    <center>
+      LIMBIRD'S EDITION OF THE<br />
+      <i>Following Novels are already Published</i>:
+    </center>
+    <pre>
+                                       s.   d.
+Mackenzie's Man of Feeling . . . . . . 0    6
+Paul and Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . 0    6
+The Castle of Otranto. . . . . . . . . 0    6
+Almoran and Ramet. . . . . . . . . . . 0    6
+Elizabeth, or the Exiles of Siberia. . 0    6
+The Castles of Athlin and Dunbayne . . 0    6
+Rasselas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0    8
+The Old English Baron. . . . . . . . . 0    8
+Nature and Art . . . . . . . . . . . . 0    8
+Goldsmith's Vicar of Wakefield . . . . 0   10
+Sicilian Romance . . . . . . . . . . . 1    0
+The Man of the World . . . . . . . . . 1    0
+A Simple Story . . . . . . . . . . . . 1    4
+Joseph Andrews . . . . . . . . . . . . 1    6
+Humphry Clinker. . . . . . . . . . . . 1    8
+The Romance of the Forest. . . . . . . 1    8
+The Italian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2    0
+Zeluco, by Dr. Moore . . . . . . . . . 2    6
+Edward, by Dr. Moore . . . . . . . . . 2    0
+Roderick Random. . . . . . . . . . . . 2    6
+The Mysteries of Udolpho . . . . . . . 3    6
+</pre>
+    <hr class="full" />
+    <blockquote class="footnote">
+      <a id="footnote1" name="footnote1"></a><b>Footnote 1</b>:
+      <a href="#footnotetag1">(return)</a>
+      <p>
+        12th February, 1586-7.
+      </p>
+    </blockquote>
+    <blockquote class="footnote">
+      <a id="footnote2" name="footnote2"></a> <b>Footnote 2</b>:
+      <a href="#footnotetag2">(return)</a>
+      <p>
+        Here Henry Percy, the fourth Earl of Northumberland, was
+        murdered by an infuriated mob, in the fourth year of Henry
+        VII.; he having, as lord lieutenant of the county, levied a
+        tax on the people by order of his sovereign, for carrying
+        on the war in Bretague. Skelton, poet-laureat to Henry
+        VIII. lamented his death in some elegiac lines.
+      </p>
+    </blockquote>
+    <blockquote class="footnote">
+      <a id="footnote3" name="footnote3"></a> <b>Footnote 3</b>:
+      <a href="#footnotetag3">(return)</a>
+      <p>
+        Aldburgh, or Aldborough, so called by the Normans, was the
+        Iseur of the Ancient Britons, and the Isurium of the
+        Romans. Perhaps there is not another Roman city, not even
+        excepting York, where so many antiquities have been
+        discovered. The opening of ancient baths, burial vaults,
+        &amp;c. has led to the finding of tesselated pavements,
+        coins, urns, rings, lachrymatories, seals, monumental
+        inscriptions, medals, statues, chains, sacrificing vessels,
+        &amp;c. It is to be lamented that modern ignorance and
+        barbarity are fast obliterating all traces of the Roman
+        walls of Isurium; their foundations having been dug up for
+        the mercenary purpose of obtaining their materials. We
+        cannot sufficiently censure such irreverence to "hoar
+        antiquity," or the contracted and grovelling ideas which
+        actuate such village Vandals.
+      </p>
+    </blockquote>
+    <blockquote class="footnote">
+      <a id="footnote4" name="footnote4"></a> <b>Footnote 4</b>:
+      <a href="#footnotetag4">(return)</a>
+      <p>
+        The following letter was addressed by Layton, one of the
+        emissaries of the Dissolution, to Lord Cromwell, at the
+        Reformation:&mdash;
+      </p>
+      <p>
+        "Please your worship to understand that the Abbot of
+        Fountaynes hath so greatly dilapidated his house, wasted ye
+        woods, notoriously keeping six &mdash;&mdash;&mdash;; and
+        six days before our coming, he committed theft and
+        sacrilege, confessing the same; for at midnight he caused
+        the chapleyne to stele the keys of the secton, and took out
+        a jewel, a cross of gold with stones; one <i>Warren</i>, a
+        goldsmith of the Chepe, was with him in his chamber at the
+        hour, and there they stole out a great emerode with a
+        rubye, the said <i>Warren</i> made the Abbot believe the
+        rubye was a garnet, and so for that he paid nothing for the
+        emerode, but &pound;20. He sold him also plate, without
+        weight or ounces.
+      </p>
+      <p>
+        "Subscribed, your poor Priest<br />
+        and faithful servant,<br />
+        R. LAYTON."
+      </p>
+    </blockquote>
+    <hr class="full" />
+    <p>
+      <i>Printed and Published by J. LIMBIRD, 143, Strand, (near
+      Somerset House,) London; sold by ERNEST FLEISCHER, 626, New
+      Market, Leipsic; and by all Newsmen and Booksellers.</i>
+    </p>
+    <hr class="full" />
+<p>***END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE MIRROR OF LITERATURE, AMUSEMENT, AND INSTRUCTION, VOL. 12, ISSUE 343, NOVEMBER 29, 1828***</p>
+<p>******* This file should be named 11404-h.txt or 11404-h.zip *******</p>
+<p>This and all associated files of various formats will be found in:<br />
+<a href="https://www.gutenberg.org/1/1/4/0/11404">https://www.gutenberg.org/1/1/4/0/11404</a></p>
+<p>Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions
+will be renamed.</p>
+
+<p>Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no
+one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation
+(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without
+permission and without paying copyright royalties.  Special rules,
+set forth in the General Terms of Use part of this license, apply to
+copying and distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works to
+protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm concept and trademark.  Project
+Gutenberg is a registered trademark, and may not be used if you
+charge for the eBooks, unless you receive specific permission.  If you
+do not charge anything for copies of this eBook, complying with the
+rules is very easy.  You may use this eBook for nearly any purpose
+such as creation of derivative works, reports, performances and
+research.  They may be modified and printed and given away--you may do
+practically ANYTHING with public domain eBooks.  Redistribution is
+subject to the trademark license, especially commercial
+redistribution.</p>
+
+
+
+<pre>
+*** START: FULL LICENSE ***
+
+THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE
+PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK
+
+To protect the Project Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting the free
+distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work
+(or any other work associated in any way with the phrase "Project
+Gutenberg"), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full Project
+Gutenberg-tm License (available with this file or online at
+<a href="https://gutenberg.org/license">https://gutenberg.org/license)</a>.
+
+
+Section 1.  General Terms of Use and Redistributing Project Gutenberg-tm
+electronic works
+
+1.A.  By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg-tm
+electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree to
+and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property
+(trademark/copyright) agreement.  If you do not agree to abide by all
+the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or destroy
+all copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in your possession.
+If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a Project
+Gutenberg-tm electronic work and you do not agree to be bound by the
+terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from the person or
+entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in paragraph 1.E.8.
+
+1.B.  "Project Gutenberg" is a registered trademark.  It may only be
+used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people who
+agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement.  There are a few
+things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works
+even without complying with the full terms of this agreement.  See
+paragraph 1.C below.  There are a lot of things you can do with Project
+Gutenberg-tm electronic works if you follow the terms of this agreement
+and help preserve free future access to Project Gutenberg-tm electronic
+works.  See paragraph 1.E below.
+
+1.C.  The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation ("the Foundation"
+or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the collection of Project
+Gutenberg-tm electronic works.  Nearly all the individual works in the
+collection are in the public domain in the United States.  If an
+individual work is in the public domain in the United States and you are
+located in the United States, we do not claim a right to prevent you from
+copying, distributing, performing, displaying or creating derivative
+works based on the work as long as all references to Project Gutenberg
+are removed.  Of course, we hope that you will support the Project
+Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting free access to electronic works by
+freely sharing Project Gutenberg-tm works in compliance with the terms of
+this agreement for keeping the Project Gutenberg-tm name associated with
+the work.  You can easily comply with the terms of this agreement by
+keeping this work in the same format with its attached full Project
+Gutenberg-tm License when you share it without charge with others.
+
+1.D.  The copyright laws of the place where you are located also govern
+what you can do with this work.  Copyright laws in most countries are in
+a constant state of change.  If you are outside the United States, check
+the laws of your country in addition to the terms of this agreement
+before downloading, copying, displaying, performing, distributing or
+creating derivative works based on this work or any other Project
+Gutenberg-tm work.  The Foundation makes no representations concerning
+the copyright status of any work in any country outside the United
+States.
+
+1.E.  Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg:
+
+1.E.1.  The following sentence, with active links to, or other immediate
+access to, the full Project Gutenberg-tm License must appear prominently
+whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg-tm work (any work on which the
+phrase "Project Gutenberg" appears, or with which the phrase "Project
+Gutenberg" is associated) is accessed, displayed, performed, viewed,
+copied or distributed:
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+1.E.2.  If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is derived
+from the public domain (does not contain a notice indicating that it is
+posted with permission of the copyright holder), the work can be copied
+and distributed to anyone in the United States without paying any fees
+or charges.  If you are redistributing or providing access to a work
+with the phrase "Project Gutenberg" associated with or appearing on the
+work, you must comply either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1
+through 1.E.7 or obtain permission for the use of the work and the
+Project Gutenberg-tm trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or
+1.E.9.
+
+1.E.3.  If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is posted
+with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution
+must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any additional
+terms imposed by the copyright holder.  Additional terms will be linked
+to the Project Gutenberg-tm License for all works posted with the
+permission of the copyright holder found at the beginning of this work.
+
+1.E.4.  Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project Gutenberg-tm
+License terms from this work, or any files containing a part of this
+work or any other work associated with Project Gutenberg-tm.
+
+1.E.5.  Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this
+electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without
+prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with
+active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project
+Gutenberg-tm License.
+
+1.E.6.  You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary,
+compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form, including any
+word processing or hypertext form.  However, if you provide access to or
+distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg-tm work in a format other than
+"Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other format used in the official version
+posted on the official Project Gutenberg-tm web site (www.gutenberg.org),
+you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense to the user, provide a
+copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means of obtaining a copy upon
+request, of the work in its original "Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other
+form.  Any alternate format must include the full Project Gutenberg-tm
+License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1.
+
+1.E.7.  Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying,
+performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg-tm works
+unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9.
+
+1.E.8.  You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing
+access to or distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works provided
+that
+
+- You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from
+     the use of Project Gutenberg-tm works calculated using the method
+     you already use to calculate your applicable taxes.  The fee is
+     owed to the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark, but he
+     has agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to the
+     Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation.  Royalty payments
+     must be paid within 60 days following each date on which you
+     prepare (or are legally required to prepare) your periodic tax
+     returns.  Royalty payments should be clearly marked as such and
+     sent to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation at the
+     address specified in Section 4, "Information about donations to
+     the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation."
+
+- You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who notifies
+     you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that s/he
+     does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg-tm
+     License.  You must require such a user to return or
+     destroy all copies of the works possessed in a physical medium
+     and discontinue all use of and all access to other copies of
+     Project Gutenberg-tm works.
+
+- You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of any
+     money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in the
+     electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90 days
+     of receipt of the work.
+
+- You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free
+     distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm works.
+
+1.E.9.  If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project Gutenberg-tm
+electronic work or group of works on different terms than are set
+forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing from
+both the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation and Michael
+Hart, the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark.  Contact the
+Foundation as set forth in Section 3 below.
+
+1.F.
+
+1.F.1.  Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend considerable
+effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe and proofread
+public domain works in creating the Project Gutenberg-tm
+collection.  Despite these efforts, Project Gutenberg-tm electronic
+works, and the medium on which they may be stored, may contain
+"Defects," such as, but not limited to, incomplete, inaccurate or
+corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other intellectual
+property infringement, a defective or damaged disk or other medium, a
+computer virus, or computer codes that damage or cannot be read by
+your equipment.
+
+1.F.2.  LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Except for the "Right
+of Replacement or Refund" described in paragraph 1.F.3, the Project
+Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner of the Project
+Gutenberg-tm trademark, and any other party distributing a Project
+Gutenberg-tm electronic work under this agreement, disclaim all
+liability to you for damages, costs and expenses, including legal
+fees.  YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT
+LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE
+PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH F3.  YOU AGREE THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE
+TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE
+LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR
+INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
+DAMAGE.
+
+1.F.3.  LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you discover a
+defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it, you can
+receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by sending a
+written explanation to the person you received the work from.  If you
+received the work on a physical medium, you must return the medium with
+your written explanation.  The person or entity that provided you with
+the defective work may elect to provide a replacement copy in lieu of a
+refund.  If you received the work electronically, the person or entity
+providing it to you may choose to give you a second opportunity to
+receive the work electronically in lieu of a refund.  If the second copy
+is also defective, you may demand a refund in writing without further
+opportunities to fix the problem.
+
+1.F.4.  Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth
+in paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you 'AS-IS,' WITH NO OTHER
+WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO
+WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTIBILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE.
+
+1.F.5.  Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied
+warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of damages.
+If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement violates the
+law of the state applicable to this agreement, the agreement shall be
+interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or limitation permitted by
+the applicable state law.  The invalidity or unenforceability of any
+provision of this agreement shall not void the remaining provisions.
+
+1.F.6.  INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the Foundation, the
+trademark owner, any agent or employee of the Foundation, anyone
+providing copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in accordance
+with this agreement, and any volunteers associated with the production,
+promotion and distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works,
+harmless from all liability, costs and expenses, including legal fees,
+that arise directly or indirectly from any of the following which you do
+or cause to occur: (a) distribution of this or any Project Gutenberg-tm
+work, (b) alteration, modification, or additions or deletions to any
+Project Gutenberg-tm work, and (c) any Defect you cause.
+
+
+Section  2.  Information about the Mission of Project Gutenberg-tm
+
+Project Gutenberg-tm is synonymous with the free distribution of
+electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of computers
+including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers.  It exists
+because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and donations from
+people in all walks of life.
+
+Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the
+assistance they need, is critical to reaching Project Gutenberg-tm's
+goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg-tm collection will
+remain freely available for generations to come.  In 2001, the Project
+Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a secure
+and permanent future for Project Gutenberg-tm and future generations.
+To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation
+and how your efforts and donations can help, see Sections 3 and 4
+and the Foundation web page at https://www.pglaf.org.
+
+
+Section 3.  Information about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive
+Foundation
+
+The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non profit
+501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the
+state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal
+Revenue Service.  The Foundation's EIN or federal tax identification
+number is 64-6221541.  Its 501(c)(3) letter is posted at
+https://pglaf.org/fundraising.  Contributions to the Project Gutenberg
+Literary Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent
+permitted by U.S. federal laws and your state's laws.
+
+The Foundation's principal office is located at 4557 Melan Dr. S.
+Fairbanks, AK, 99712., but its volunteers and employees are scattered
+throughout numerous locations.  Its business office is located at
+809 North 1500 West, Salt Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887, email
+business@pglaf.org.  Email contact links and up to date contact
+information can be found at the Foundation's web site and official
+page at https://pglaf.org
+
+For additional contact information:
+     Dr. Gregory B. Newby
+     Chief Executive and Director
+     gbnewby@pglaf.org
+
+Section 4.  Information about Donations to the Project Gutenberg
+Literary Archive Foundation
+
+Project Gutenberg-tm depends upon and cannot survive without wide
+spread public support and donations to carry out its mission of
+increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can be
+freely distributed in machine readable form accessible by the widest
+array of equipment including outdated equipment.  Many small donations
+($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax exempt
+status with the IRS.
+
+The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating
+charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United
+States.  Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a
+considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and keep up
+with these requirements.  We do not solicit donations in locations
+where we have not received written confirmation of compliance.  To
+SEND DONATIONS or determine the status of compliance for any
+particular state visit https://pglaf.org
+
+While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where we
+have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no prohibition
+against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in such states who
+approach us with offers to donate.
+
+International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make
+any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from
+outside the United States.  U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff.
+
+Please check the Project Gutenberg Web pages for current donation
+methods and addresses.  Donations are accepted in a number of other
+ways including including checks, online payments and credit card
+donations.  To donate, please visit: https://pglaf.org/donate
+
+
+Section 5.  General Information About Project Gutenberg-tm electronic
+works.
+
+Professor Michael S. Hart was the originator of the Project Gutenberg-tm
+concept of a library of electronic works that could be freely shared
+with anyone.  For thirty years, he produced and distributed Project
+Gutenberg-tm eBooks with only a loose network of volunteer support.
+
+Project Gutenberg-tm eBooks are often created from several printed
+editions, all of which are confirmed as Public Domain in the U.S.
+unless a copyright notice is included.  Thus, we do not necessarily
+keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper edition.
+
+Each eBook is in a subdirectory of the same number as the eBook's
+eBook number, often in several formats including plain vanilla ASCII,
+compressed (zipped), HTML and others.
+
+Corrected EDITIONS of our eBooks replace the old file and take over
+the old filename and etext number.  The replaced older file is renamed.
+VERSIONS based on separate sources are treated as new eBooks receiving
+new filenames and etext numbers.
+
+Most people start at our Web site which has the main PG search facility:
+
+<a href="https://www.gutenberg.org">https://www.gutenberg.org</a>
+
+This Web site includes information about Project Gutenberg-tm,
+including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary
+Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to
+subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks.
+
+EBooks posted prior to November 2003, with eBook numbers BELOW #10000,
+are filed in directories based on their release date.  If you want to
+download any of these eBooks directly, rather than using the regular
+search system you may utilize the following addresses and just
+download by the etext year.
+
+<a href="http://www.ibiblio.org/gutenberg/etext06">http://www.ibiblio.org/gutenberg/etext06</a>
+
+    (Or /etext 05, 04, 03, 02, 01, 00, 99,
+     98, 97, 96, 95, 94, 93, 92, 92, 91 or 90)
+
+EBooks posted since November 2003, with etext numbers OVER #10000, are
+filed in a different way.  The year of a release date is no longer part
+of the directory path.  The path is based on the etext number (which is
+identical to the filename).  The path to the file is made up of single
+digits corresponding to all but the last digit in the filename.  For
+example an eBook of filename 10234 would be found at:
+
+https://www.gutenberg.org/1/0/2/3/10234
+
+or filename 24689 would be found at:
+https://www.gutenberg.org/2/4/6/8/24689
+
+An alternative method of locating eBooks:
+<a href="https://www.gutenberg.org/GUTINDEX.ALL">https://www.gutenberg.org/GUTINDEX.ALL</a>
+
+*** END: FULL LICENSE ***
+</pre>
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/old/11404-h/images/343-1.png b/old/11404-h/images/343-1.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f2e7584
--- /dev/null
+++ b/old/11404-h/images/343-1.png
diff --git a/old/11404.txt b/old/11404.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..da7c456
--- /dev/null
+++ b/old/11404.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,2103 @@
+The Project Gutenberg eBook, The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and
+Instruction, Vol. 12, Issue 343, November 29, 1828, by Various
+
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+
+
+
+Title: The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and Instruction, Vol. 12,
+Issue 343, November 29, 1828
+
+Author: Various
+
+Release Date: March 2, 2004  [eBook #11404]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: US-ASCII
+
+
+***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE MIRROR OF LITERATURE,
+AMUSEMENT, AND INSTRUCTION, VOL. 12, ISSUE 343, NOVEMBER 29, 1828***
+
+
+E-text prepared by Jonathan Ingram, Allen Siddle, David Garcia, and the
+Project Gutenberg Online Distributed Proofreading Team
+
+
+
+Note: Project Gutenberg also has an HTML version of this
+      file which includes the original illustration.
+      See 11404-h.htm or 11404-h.zip:
+      (http://www.ibiblio.org/gutenberg/1/1/4/0/11404/11404-h/11404-h.htm)
+      or
+      (http://www.ibiblio.org/gutenberg/1/1/4/0/11404/11404-h.zip)
+
+
+
+
+THE MIRROR OF LITERATURE, AMUSEMENT, AND INSTRUCTION.
+
+VOL. 12, NO. 343.] SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 29, 1828. [PRICE 2d.
+
+
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+[Illustration: THE ADMIRALTY OFFICE, WHITEHALL.]
+
+
+THE ADMIRALTY-OFFICE.
+
+
+The _Admiralty Office, Whitehall_, has few pretensions to architectual
+beauty. It is, however, to use a common phrase, a _commanding_ pile, and
+its association with Britain's best bulwarks--her NAVY--renders it an
+interesting subject for representation.
+
+The Admiralty-office adjoins to the north side of the Horse Guards,
+and was erected by Ripley, in the reign of George II., on the site of
+Wallingford House. It recedes from, but communicates with, the street by
+advancing wings, and is built principally of brick. In the centre of the
+main building is a lofty portico, of the Ionic order, the taste of which
+is not entitled to much praise. It consists of four columns, and on the
+entablature is an anchor in bold relief. Here are the offices, and the
+spacious abodes of the lords commissioners of the admiralty, together
+with a handsome hall, &c. On the roof of the building is a Semaphore
+telegraph, which communicates orders by signal to the principal ports
+of the empire.
+
+But the most tasteful portion of the whole, is a stone screen, by Adams,
+in front of an open court, and facing the street. The style is
+exceedingly chaste and pleasing, and the decorations are characteristic
+naval emblems, finely executed. The representation of two ancient vessels
+in the end entablatures, merit especial notice.
+
+Since the appointment of the Duke of Clarence to the office of lord high
+admiral, the Admiralty has been the town residence of his royal highness.
+The exterior has been repaired, and the interior in part refitted. The
+screen has likewise been renovated with much care, and two of the
+entrances considerably enlarged, but with more regard to convenience than
+good taste. The portion occupied by the royal duke contains a splendid
+suite of state rooms, within whose walls have frequently been assembled
+all the bravery, as well as rank, of the empire; for the interests of the
+noble service are too dear to his royal highness to be eclipsed by the
+false lights of wealth or fashion.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+HUITAIN DE CLEMENT MAROT.
+
+(_For the Mirror_.)
+
+
+  Plus ne suis ce que j'ay este
+  Et ne le scaurois jamais estre,
+  Mon beau printemps et mon este
+  Ont fait le saut par la fenestre.
+  Amour! tu as este mon maistre
+  Je t'ai servi sur tous les Dieux,
+  O si je pouvois deux fois naistre,
+  Comment je te se virois mieux!
+
+
+_Imitation_.
+
+  I am no more, what I have been
+    And ne'er again shall be so.
+  My summer bright, my spring time green,
+    Have flown out of the window.
+  Oh love, my master thou hast been,
+    I, first of gods, instal thee,
+  Oh! could I e'en be born again,
+    Thou doubly would'st enthral me.
+
+D.M.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+TEMPLE AT ABURY.
+
+(_To the Editor of the Mirror_.)
+
+
+There is an inconsistency in the account of Abury in No. 341, perhaps
+overlooked by yourself.
+
+I would ask, how could that arrangement of the fabric, so fancifully
+and ingeniously described by Stukely, be intended to represent the
+Trinity, when the place was confessedly in existence long anterior to
+Christianity? nor is there any thing in the old Druidical or Bardic
+tenets that can be twisted to any such idea.
+
+This _Abury_, with _Silbury_, is supposed to be the _Cludair Cyfrangon_,
+or _Heaped Mound of Congregations_, mentioned in the _Triads_, the
+building of which is recorded as "one of the three mighty achievements of
+the Isle of Britain;" and here were held the general assemblies of the
+Britons on religious occasions, and not at Stonehenge, as is generally
+supposed. This last place is decidedly more modern than the pile at
+_Abury_; the Welsh call it _Gwaith Emrys, (the work of Emrys_,) and it
+ranks as another of the mighty achievements of the Isle of Britain, the
+third being "the raising of the Stone of Keti," supposed to be the "_Maen
+Ceti_" at Gwyr, in Glamorganshire.
+
+The presumption that _Stonehenge_ is more modern than _Abury_ is founded
+upon the fact that Stonehenge exhibits marks of the chisel in different
+parts, while the former does not. The ancient British documents give us
+the founder of the latter, namely, _Emrys_, or _Ambrosius_, while we are
+left in ignorance as to who raised the pile of _Cyfrangon_.
+
+Nor was Stonehenge ever of such magnitude as _Abury_, the diameter of the
+former being 99 feet, whilst the latter was 1,400; the largest stones of
+the former weigh 30 tons, but the latter weigh 100 tons!
+
+_Gwaith Emrys_ was possibly more for political than religious assemblies.
+Here was held the meeting of the Britons and Saxons, when the _Plot of
+the Long Knives_ (_Twyll y Cyllyll Hirion_) was consummated, and the
+flower of the British chiefs treacherously destroyed by their pretended
+friends.
+
+Different authors have strenuously contended for giving the honour of
+supremacy to either of these places over both Britain and Gaul, in the
+days of Druidism; but Rowlands has industriously placed its chief seat in
+Anglesey.
+
+LEATHART.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+TRANSLATED EPITAPH.
+
+(_To the Editor of the Mirror_.)
+
+
+  Quod fuit esse quod est, quod non fuit esse quod esse,
+  Esse quod est non esse, quod est non, erit esse.
+
+
+As a translation of this curious epitaph (in Lavenham churchyard) which
+is formed out of two Latin words, has been requested from some of your
+readers, I send the following:--
+
+
+  What John Giles has been
+    Is what he is, (_a bachelor_.)
+  What he has not been,
+    Is what he is, (_a corpse_.)
+  To be what he is
+    Is not to be, (_a living creature_.)
+  He will have to be
+    What he is not. (_dust_.)
+
+JOSEPH MASON.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+_Another_.
+
+
+  What we have been and what we are,
+    The present and the time that's past,
+  We cannot properly compare
+    With what we are to be at last.
+
+  Tho' we ourselves have fancied forms,
+    And beings that have never been,
+  We unto something shall be turned--
+    Which we have not conceived or seen.
+
+G.H.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+MARY QUEEN OF SCOTS.
+
+(_For the Mirror_.)
+
+
+The ensuing letter, though very short, discloses one or two instances
+connected with a subject of unfading interest--the death of Mary Queen
+of Scots. It need hardly be stated, says an able writer on this subject,
+that Queen Elizabeth's conduct with respect to the execution of Mary was
+a mixture of unrelenting cruelty, despicable cowardice, and flagitious
+hypocrisy; that whilst it was the dearest wish of her heart to deprive
+her kinswoman of her existence, she attempted to remove the odium of the
+act from herself, by endeavouring to induce those to whose custody she
+was intrusted to assassinate their prisoner; that when she found she
+could not succeed, she commanded the warrant to be forwarded; and that
+when she knew it was too late to recall it, asserted that she never
+intended it should be carried into execution, threw herself into a
+paroxysm of affected rage and grief, upbraided her counsellors, and
+first imprisoned and then sacrificed the fortunes of her poor secretary,
+Davison, one of her most virtuous servants, as a victim to her own fame,
+and the resentment of the King of Scots. These damning facts in the
+character of Elizabeth are too well known to require to be dilated on;
+they have eclipsed the few noble actions of her life, and remain
+indelible spots on her reputation as a woman and a sovereign. But we
+learn from this letter the humiliating effects made by her ministers
+to appease her fury, and her implacable resolution to overwhelm the
+unfortunate Davison with the effect of her assumed, or perhaps real
+repentance. In his apology, that statesman informs us, that on the
+Friday after Mary's execution, namely, on the 10th of February, arriving
+at the court he learnt the manner in which the queen had expressed
+herself relative to the event; but being advised to "_absent himself for
+a day or two_," and being, moreover, extremely ill, he left the court,
+and returned to London. Woolley's communication being dated on _Sunday_,
+(the manuscript is so excessively badly written as to be almost
+illegible,) shows that Elizabeth did not summon her council, and evince
+her displeasure at their conduct, until Saturday, the 13th of February,
+two days after she was informed of Mary's fate. Davison had been
+attacked with a stroke of the palsy shortly before, and all he says of
+his committal is, that he was not sent to the Tower until Tuesday the
+14th, on account of his illness; though some days previous (probably on
+Saturday the 10th) the queen assembled her council.
+
+This letter also exhibits a specimen of Leicester's characteristic
+meanness; for notwithstanding that he was a party to the act of
+forwarding the warrant for Mary's death, as his name occurs among those
+of the council who signed the letters to the Earl of Shrewsbury, the earl
+marshal, and to the Earl of Kent, both of which were dated on the 3rd of
+February, 1586-7, commanding them to cause it to be put into execution,
+he took care to withdraw from court before Elizabeth performed the roll,
+which has so justly excited the scorn of posterity. It may be also
+remarked, as another example of the official duplicity of the period,
+that Sir Francis Walsingham likewise affected not to have been concerned
+in the affair of dispatching the warrant, as in his letter to Lord
+Thulstone, the secretary to King James, dated at Greenwich, on the 4th of
+March, 1586-7, less than a month afterwards, he says, "_Being absent from
+court_ when the late execution of the queen, your sovereign mother,
+happened," though we find that he signed both the letters just mentioned.
+
+G.B.
+
+_A Letter from John Woolley, clerk of the Council in the time of
+Elizabeth, to the Earl of Leicester_.
+
+To the Righte Honorable my singular good the Earle of Leycester, one of
+her Maties Most Honorable Privie Councell.
+
+RYGHTE Honorable and my moste especiall goode Lorde,--It pleased her
+M'tye yesterday night to call the lord treasurer and other of her
+councell before her into her withdrawing chamber, where she rebuked us
+all exceedingly, from our concealing from her our proceeding in the Queen
+of Scott's case; but her indignation particularlye lyghteth most upon my
+lord treasurer and Mr. Davison, who called us togeather, and delivered
+the commissione, for she protesteth she gave _expresse commandement_ to
+the contrarye, and therefore hath taken order for the committing of Mr.
+Secretary Davison to the Tower, iff she contenew in the mynd she was
+yeterday night, albeit we all kneeled upon our knees to praye her to the
+contrarye.
+
+I think your lordship happy to be absent from these broiles, and thought
+it my dewtye to lett you understand them; and so in haste I humblye take
+my leave.--At the Courte, this present Sunday,[1] 1586.
+
+Your lordship's ever most bounden,
+
+J. WOOLLEY.
+
+P.S. I have oftentimes sent unto John, your old servante, Mr. Norld, to
+pray humbly your lordship's orders for the ordering of his case; he hath
+been long in prisone, and desireth your lordship's orders for the hearing
+of his case, which it may please your lordship to express unto
+me.--_Cottonian MSS. Caligula, c. ix. fol. 168_, (_Original_.)
+
+
+    [1] 12th February, 1586-7.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+
+The Topographer
+
+
+A VISIT TO STUDLEY PARK AND FOUNTAINS ABBEY, YORKSHIRE.
+
+_With a Notice of the Roman Military Road, leading from Aldborough (the
+Isurium of the Romans,) to the North._
+
+
+  "Yet still thy turrets drink the light
+    Of summer evening's softest ray;
+  And ivy garlands, green and bright,
+    Still mantle thy decay;
+  And calm and beauteous, as of old,
+  Thy wand'ring river glides in gold."
+
+A.A. WATTS.
+
+
+Among the most attractive scenes of northern Yorkshire is Studley Park,
+renowned for the richness of its sylvan scenery, which embosoms the noble
+ruin of Fountains Abbey.
+
+For the date of my visit to this _Arcadia_, I must refer the reader to
+that season of life when the pure source of thought and feeling is
+untainted by the world. It is eleven miles from my home to Studley Park,
+five of which I walked in the twilight of a summer's evening, and slept
+at a little cottage by the way. The day had been sultry, and the moon
+rose slowly over the mounds of Maiden Bower, once the site of the noble
+mansion of the Percys, now destroyed and desolate;[2] and fell in dreary
+softness on tower and wood, illumining the sable firs of Newby Park, and
+throwing another lustre on the gaudy "gowans" that decked the adjacent
+meadow. Here was a scene for the poetic sympathy of youth:
+
+
+             "That time is past,
+  And all its giddy rapture;
+  Yet not for this faint I, nor mourn;
+  Other gifts have followed; for such loss
+  I would believe, abundant recompense."
+
+WORDSWORTH.
+
+
+The morning found me, after an early breakfast, on the road to Studley
+Park. Now there are some "moods of my own mind" in which I detest all
+vehicles of conveyance, when on an excursive tour to admire the antique
+and picturesque.--Thus what numerous attractions are presented to us,
+sauntering along the woody lane on foot, which are lost or overlooked
+in the velocity of a drive! On the declivity of a meadow, inviting our
+reflection, rises a little Saxon church, grey with antiquity, and
+solemnized by its surrounding memorials of "Here lies."--Across the
+heath, encircled with fences of uncouth stones, stands a stern record
+of feudal yore; at the next turn peeps the rectory, encircled with old
+firs, trained fruit trees, and affectionate ivy; beneath yon darkened
+thickets rolls the lazy Ure, expanding into laky broadness; and, beyond
+yon western woods, which embower the peaceful hamlet, are seen the
+"everlasting hills," across which the enterprising Romans constructed
+their road. I next passed the boundaries of Newby Park, the property of
+Lord Grantham. Here beneath enormous beeches were clustering the timid
+deer, "in sunshine remote;" and the matin songs of birds were sounding
+from the countless clumps which skirt this retreat. Within that solitude
+had I enjoyed the society of a brother, alas, now no more! and yet the
+landscape wore the same sunny smile as when I carved his name on the
+towering obelisk before him. I felt that sorrow so exquisitely described
+by _Burns_:
+
+
+  "How can ye bloom so fresh and fair;
+  How can ye chant, ye little birds,
+  And I so weary, fu' o' care."
+
+
+Leaving Rainton, a sudden rise brings you to the _Roman Military Road_,
+leading from Aldborough,[3] the Isurium of the Romans, to Inverness, in
+Scotland. This road was repaired by the Empress Heleanae, and hence the
+corruption, from her name, of Learning Lane, its present designation.
+It was laid by the Romans, with stones of immense size, which have
+frequently been dug up. The _Via Appia_, at _Rome_, which has lasted
+1,800 years, resembles it in construction. Raised considerably above the
+level of the country which it crosses, it is an object of wonder and
+interest even to the illiterate, on account of the continuous perspective
+it presents; there being no _bend_ in it for several miles. Traversing
+this noble monument of art, how are we led to think on the "strange
+mutations" which have overthrown kings and kingdoms in the period of its
+duration, whilst the road remains "like an eternity:"
+
+
+ON CROSSING THE ROMAN MILITARY ROAD, LEADING FROM ISURIUM TO THE NORTH.
+
+
+  O'er classic ground my humble feet did plod,
+    My bosom beating with the glow of song;
+    And high-born fancy walk'd with me along,
+  Treading the earth Imperial Caesar trod.
+
+  A thousand rural objects on the way
+    Had been my theme-but far-off years arose,
+    When ancient Britain bow'd beneath her foes,
+  Adding resplendence to great Caesar's day:
+
+  When sounds of Roman arms through valley rung,
+    And rose that glorious morn upon our isle,
+    No night can hide, or cloud conceal its smile,
+  That dazzling morn, which out of darkness sprung.
+    Enduring cenotaph of Roman fame--
+    More than this record of their mighty name!
+
+
+I reached the ancient town of Ripon as the bells were merrily ringing in
+the towers of its old collegiate minster, for it was the anniversary of
+its patron saint, St. Wilfred. After refreshment, and a walk of three
+miles, I arrived at _Studley Park_. The fairy effect produced on entering
+this beautiful retreat is almost indescribable. We suddenly exchange the
+field and forest scenery for all the poetry of prospect. On the right is
+a declivity clothed with laurel, and stretching far away; and on the left
+a lofty and well trimmed fence of laurel, forms a screen or curtain to
+the valley beneath; the sighing of distant woods and the dashing of
+waterfalls, break on the enraptured ear, and cause the anxious eye to
+long for some opening in the verdant shroud. Anon the valley is seen; and
+through an aperture in the laurel wall, cut in imitation of a window,
+breaks as sweet a scene as ever _Claude_ immortalized! Unwilling to
+hazard a formal description, I will merely attempt an outline. Far below,
+the silver waters of the _Skell_ meander softly amongst statues of
+tritons, throwing up innumerable fountain streams. These are masterly
+executions after the ancient sculptors, and give the scene an air of
+Grecian classicality. Around these triumphs of art, rise lofty woods of
+graceful birch, varied by dark fir, and interspersed with erections of
+Roman and Gothic design. It is in the contemplation of these beauties
+that fancy recalls the mythology of rocky woods, peopled with Dryads and
+Fauns. Passing by a circuitous path to the other side of this Eden, by
+sloping walks shaded with ilex, ancient oak, sycamore, cypress, and bay,
+we have a view of the extent of the valley, terminating with the ruins of
+_Fountains Abbey_, and flanked by rocks, wildly overgrown with shrubs;
+and before us, seen more distinctly, are the statues of _Hercules_ and
+_Antaeus_, and a _Dying Gladiator_--the Temple of Piety, in which are
+bronze busts of Titus Vespasian and Nero, and a fine bas-relief of the
+Grecian Daughter. In front of this temple the water assumes a variety of
+fantastical forms, ornamented at different points by statues of Neptune,
+Bacchus, Roman Wrestlers, Galatea, &c. The banqueting-house contains a
+Venus de Medicis, and a painting of the Governor of Surat, on horseback,
+in a Turkish habit; on the front of this building are spirited figures
+of Envy, Hatred, and Malice. From the octagon tower, Mackershaw Lodge
+and Wood are seen to great advantage; and from the Gothic temple, the
+dilapidated abbey is an object of striking solemnity; whilst an opening
+in the distance shows the venerable towers of Ripon Minster.
+
+Wandering eastward, we arrive at the precincts of Fountains Abbey, which
+gradually presents its monastic turrets midway in a dell, skirted by
+hills crowned with trees, and varied by rocky slopes to the brook. This
+abbey was founded in consequence of the disgust which certain monks of
+the Benedictine order at St. Mary's, York, had imbibed against their
+_relaxed_ discipline; when struck with the famed austerities of the monks
+of Rievaulx, they left their abode, and retired to this valley, under the
+shade of seven yew trees, six of which were (in 1818) standing. The abbey
+was destroyed in the reign of Stephen, and rebuilt in 1204.[4] The
+present ruin is celebrated for the sublimity of its architecture, many
+parts of which are as perfect as when first erected. The tower is 160
+feet in height, and is a fine specimen of Gothic, in its best taste. It
+may with safety be asserted, that no church or abbey in England can boast
+of such an elegant elevation. The cloisters, 270 feet in length, and
+divided by 19 pillars and 20 arches, extend across the rivulet, which
+is arched over to support them; and near to the south end is a large
+circular stone basin. This almost subterranean solitude is dimly lighted
+by lancet windows, which are partially obscured by oaks, beeches, and
+firs; and the gloom is heightened by the brook beneath, which may be seen
+stretching its way through the broken arches. The only tomb in the church
+is that of a cross-legged knight, which lies near the grand tower, and
+represents one of the Mowbrays, who died at Ghent, in 1297. Near the
+altar is a stone coffin, in which, according to Dugdale, Lord Henry
+Percy was interred in 1315. Contiguous to the church is an extensive
+quadrangular court, which has been converted into a flower garden. On
+the east side is a line of beautiful arches, under one of which is the
+entrance to the chapter-house, a weed-grown solitude of deadly silence--
+
+
+        "Where the full-voiced choir
+  Lie, with their hallelujahs, quench'd like fire."
+
+
+In 1791, by the removal of some fragments of ruin in the chapter-house,
+the sepulchres of several of the abbots were discovered; but the
+inscriptions were obliterated. Over the chapter-house were the library
+and scriptorium. The architecture or Fountains Abbey is mixed; in some
+parts are seen the sharp-pointed windows, in others the circular arches.
+The great eastern window is indescribably magnificent, being 23 feet in
+width. There has been a central tower, which has long since fallen to
+decay. The sanctum sanctorum is 131 feet in length; over one of its
+eastern windows is the figure of an angel holding a scroll, dated 1283.
+The total length of the church is 358 feet. On the north side of the
+quadrangular court is the refectory, which was supported by large pillars,
+and adjoining it is the reading gallery, where portions of the Scriptures
+were delivered to the monks whilst at their meals; by the side of it are
+the kitchen and scullery, the former remarkable for its spacious arched
+fire place. Over the refectory was the dormitory, which contained 40
+cells; and under the crumbling steps leading to it is the porter's lodge.
+Near to the refectory are the remains of the abbot's chambers.
+
+But adieu to the waning glory of Fountains Abbey and the receding towers
+of Ripon Minster, while retracing my path of yesterday morning. I must
+linger awhile on the Roman way, where antiquity maintains her supremacy
+in spite of the war of time, and where the earth looks immutable. Now the
+groves of Newby Park re-appear with their "sylvan majesty," creating
+unutterable sympathies; for the wind that bows the surrounding branches
+moves me to weep for that romantic spirit whose ashes moulder on the
+shores of India, where
+
+
+  "When the sun's noon-glory crests the wave,
+  He shines, without a shadow on his grave."
+
+
+* * H.
+
+
+    [2] Here Henry Percy, the fourth Earl of Northumberland, was
+        murdered by an infuriated mob, in the fourth year of Henry
+        VII.; he having, as lord lieutenant of the county, levied a
+        tax on the people by order of his sovereign, for carrying on
+        the war in Bretague. Skelton, poet-laureat to Henry VIII.
+        lamented his death in some elegiac lines.
+
+    [3] Aldburgh, or Aldborough, so called by the Normans, was the
+        Iseur of the Ancient Britons, and the Isurium of the Romans.
+        Perhaps there is not another Roman city, not even excepting
+        York, where so many antiquities have been discovered. The
+        opening of ancient baths, burial vaults, &c. has led to
+        the finding of tesselated pavements, coins, urns, rings,
+        lachrymatories, seals, monumental inscriptions, medals,
+        statues, chains, sacrificing vessels, &c. It is to be lamented
+        that modern ignorance and barbarity are fast obliterating all
+        traces of the Roman walls of Isurium; their foundations having
+        been dug up for the mercenary purpose of obtaining their
+        materials. We cannot sufficiently censure such irreverence to
+        "hoar antiquity," or the contracted and grovelling ideas
+        which actuate such village Vandals.
+
+    [4] The following letter was addressed by Layton, one of the
+        emissaries of the Dissolution, to Lord Cromwell, at the
+        Reformation:--
+
+        "Please your worship to understand that the Abbot of Fountaynes
+        hath so greatly dilapidated his house, wasted ye woods,
+        notoriously keeping six ------; and six days before our coming,
+        he committed theft and sacrilege, confessing the same; for at
+        midnight he caused the chapleyne to stele the keys of the secton,
+        and took out a jewel, a cross of gold with stones; one _Warren_,
+        a goldsmith of the Chepe, was with him in his chamber at the
+        hour, and there they stole out a great emerode with a rubye, the
+        said _Warren_ made the Abbot believe the rubye was a garnet,
+        and so for that he paid nothing for the emerode, but L20. He
+        sold him also plate, without weight or ounces.
+
+        "Subscribed, your poor Priest
+        and faithful servant,
+        R. LAYTON."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+
+THE ANECDOTE GALLERY
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+PALEY.
+
+
+Paley would employ himself in his Natural Theology, and then gather his
+peas for dinner, very likely gathering some hint for his work at the same
+time. He would converse with his classical neighbour, Mr. Yates, or he
+would reply to his invitation that he could not come, for that he was
+busy knitting.  He would station himself at his garden wall, which
+overhung the river, and watch the progress of a cast-iron bridge in
+building, asking questions of the architect, and carefully examining
+every pin and screw with which it was put together. He would loiter along
+a river, with his angle-rod, musing upon what he supposed to pass in the
+mind of a pike when he bit, and when he refused to bite; or he would
+stand by the sea-side, and speculate upon what a young shrimp could mean
+by jumping in the sun.
+
+With the handle of his stick in his mouth, he would move about his garden
+in a short hurried step, now stopping to contemplate a butterfly, a
+flower, or a snail, and now earnestly engaged in some new arrangement of
+his flower-pots.
+
+He would take from his own table to his study the back-bone of a hare, or
+a fish's head; and he would pull out of his pocket, after a walk, a plant
+or stone to be made tributary to an argument. His manuscripts were as
+motley as his occupations; the workshop of a mind ever on the alert;
+evidences mixed up with memorandums for his will; an interesting
+discussion brought to an untimely end by the hiring of servants, the
+letting of fields, sending his boys to school, reproving the refractory
+members of an hospital; here a dedication, there one of his children's
+exercises--in another place a receipt for cheap soup. He would amuse his
+fire side by family anecdotes:--how one of his ancestors (and he was
+praised as a pattern of perseverance) separated two pounds of white and
+black pepper which had been accidentally mixed--_patiens pulveris_, he
+might truly have added; and how, when the _Paley arms_ were wanted,
+recourse was had to a family tankard which was supposed to bear them, but
+which he always took a malicious pleasure in insisting had been bought at
+a sale--
+
+
+  ----------Haec est
+  Vita solutorum misera ambitione gravique;
+
+
+the life of a man far more happily employed than in the composition of
+political pamphlets, or in the nurture of political discontent. Nay,
+when his friend Mr. Carlyle is about going out with Lord Elgin to
+Constantinople, the very headquarters of despotism, we do not perceive,
+amongst the multitude of most characteristic hints and queries which
+Paley addresses to him, a single fling at the Turk, or a single hope
+expressed that the day was not very far distant when the Cossacks would
+be permitted to erect the standard of liberty in his capital.
+
+I will do your visitation for you (Mr. Carlyle was chancellor of the
+diocese,) in case of your absence, with the greatest pleasure--it is
+neither a difficulty nor a favour.
+
+Observanda--1. Compare every thing with English and Cumberland scenery:
+e.g., rivers with Eden, groves with Corby, mountains with Skiddaw; your
+sensations of buildings, streets, persons, &c. &c.; e.g., whether the
+Mufti be like Dr. ----, the Grand Seignior, Mr. ----.
+
+2. Give us one day at Constantinople minutely from morning to night--what
+you do, see, eat, and hear.
+
+3. Let us know what the common people have to dinner; get, if you can,
+a peasant's actual dinner and bottle; for instance, if you see a man
+working in the fields, call to him to bring the dinner he has with him,
+and describe it minutely.
+
+       *        *        *        *        *
+
+4. The diversions of the common people; whether they seem to enjoy their
+amusements, and be happy, and sport, and laugh; farm-houses, or any thing
+answering to them, and of what kind; same of public-houses, roads.
+
+5. Their shops; how you get your breeches mended, or things done for you,
+and how (i.e. well or ill done;) whether you see the tailor, converse
+with him, &c.
+
+6. Get into the inside of a cottage; describe furniture, utensils, what
+you find actually doing.
+
+All the stipulations I make with you for doing your visitation is, that
+you come over to Wearmouth soon after your return, for you will be very
+entertaining between truth and lying. I have a notion you will find books,
+but in great confusion as to catalogues, classing, &c.
+
+7. Describe minutely how you pass one day on ship-board; learn to take
+and apply lunar, or other observations, and how the midshipmen, &c, do it.
+
+8. What sort of fish you get, and how dressed. I should think your
+business would be to make yourself master of the middle Greek. My
+compliments to Bonaparte, if you meet with him, which I think is very
+likely. Pick up little articles of dress, tools, furniture, especially
+from low life--as an actual smock, &c.
+
+9. What they talk about; company.
+
+10. Describe your impression upon first seeing things; upon catching the
+first view of Constantinople; the novelties of the first day you pass
+there.
+
+In all countries and climates, nations and languages, carry with you the
+best wishes of, dear Carlyle,
+
+Your affectionate friend,
+
+W. PALEY.
+
+_Quarterly Review_.
+
+       *        *        *        *        *
+
+
+
+
+SPIRIT OF DISCOVERY.
+
+       *        *        *        *        *
+
+
+_The Tea Plant_.
+
+The tea leaf is plucked from the plant by the manufacturers at _three_
+periods during the spring, which crops they call, in their technical
+phrase, the head, or first spring; the second spring; and the third
+spring. The quality of the tea varies according to the time of the
+plucking. The young and tender leaves of course make finer tea than tough
+and old ones.--_Asiatic Register_.
+
+
+_Portsmouth Literary and Philosophical Society_.
+
+We have been much interested with the report of this Society for 1827-8,
+and we are happy to record the prosperity of the establishment. Some
+of the lectures, especially those on Geology, or Mineralogy, are very
+attractive; and in the curator's report, we notice that the Museum,
+previously rich in fossil organic remains, has been enriched by numerous
+donations in this department, during the past session. The entire number
+of specimens in the Museum is upwards of 9,000.
+
+We have not been at Portsmouth for these three years, and till we saw
+this report, were not aware that the State Chambers, lately on the
+Platform Battery, had been pulled down towards the close of last year.
+The building was of some interest. It was of stone, with walls of
+considerable thickness, and square vaults below, descending to a level
+with the parade, and used at different periods as dungeons. The part on
+which the vane stood, was erected in the reign of Queen Elizabeth, and
+the other part was built in the time of Charles II., whose name, with the
+date, was on a marble slab above the doorway. Of late years the building
+had been modernized and used as a signal-house and subscription
+reading-room. If we are not mistaken, the edifice had often been much
+injured by the encroachments of the sea, and probably this led to its
+removal.
+
+
+_Conversations on Geology_.
+
+We notice with much pleasure a handsome volume under the above popular
+title, which represents that delightful science in the very attractive
+form of a series of dialogues between a mother and her children.
+The Huttonian and Wernerian systems and the Mosaic Geology, are here
+familiarly explained, and illustrative phenomena and recent discoveries
+glanced at in the progress of the conversations. How much more profitable
+are such family recreations than sitting hours over spotted pieces of
+paper, counting the pips of dice, or simpering over fashionable novels
+and tales of scandal run mad. Bookish families are usually the happiest,
+at least if we rightly estimate the term. In an early number we shall
+endeavour to find some portion of these "Conversations" for our columns.
+
+
+"_Arcana of Science for_ 1829."
+
+This work will appear early in January. It will be on the same plan as
+the volume of last year, and will contain at least _thirty engravings_,
+on copper and wood. The _mechanical_ department is unusually copious, and
+there are some abstracts in the _chemical_, which are of high value.
+
+
+_Rice_.
+
+Trials have recently been made to grow the dry rice of China in Italy;
+and it is expected that in time an advantageous cultivation of it may be
+introduced in France.
+
+
+_Turf_.
+
+A correspondent of a French work on gardening thinks that green turf may
+be obtained in France by trenching the ground, freeing it from stones,
+covering the surface with two or three inches of rich compost, and then
+laying on the turf. The improved soil, he thinks, will retain moisture
+sufficient to keep the turf growing all the summer, and, consequently,
+green.
+
+
+_Garden of the Hesperides_.
+
+Lieutenant Beachey, in his _Travels in Cyrene_, recently published, has
+thrown some curious light on the ancient account of these celebrated
+gardens. It appears, that, like many other wonders, ancient and modern,
+when reduced to simple truth, they are little more than common
+occurrences. Baron Humboldt and Mr. Bullock have reduced the floating
+gardens of Mexico to mud banks, with ditches between; and lieutenant
+Beachey makes it appear, that the gardens of the Hesperides are nothing
+more than old stone quarries, the bottoms of which have been cultivated.
+
+
+_Preparation of Cinnamon_.
+
+The rough bark is first scraped off with knives, and then, with a
+peculiar instrument, the inner rind is stripped off in long slips; these
+are tied up in bundles, and put to dry in the sun, and the wood is
+sold for fuel. The operation was thus explained to bishop Heber by the
+cinnamon peelers; but in the regular preparation, the outer bark is not
+scraped off; but the process of fermentation, which the strips undergo
+when tied up in large quantities, removes the coarse parts. The peelers
+are called Chaliers.
+
+
+_Power of the Sun's Rays_.
+
+Mr. Mackintosh, contractor for the government works at Stonehouse Point,
+Devon, lately had to descend in the diving-bell with workmen to lay the
+foundation of a sea wall. The machine is fitted with convex glasses, in
+the upper part, to serve the purpose of windows; and Mr. Mackintosh
+states, that on several occasions, in clear weather, he has witnessed the
+sun's rays so concentrated by the circular windows, as to burn the
+labourers' clothes, when opposed to the focal point, and this when the
+machine was twenty-five feet under the surface of the water!--_From the
+MS. Journal of the Bristol Nursery Library_.
+
+
+_The Cowslip and Polyanthus_.
+
+By sowing the seed of the wild cowslip in the garden, a number of
+varieties will be produced, some of which have flowers of a beautiful
+bright red colour. May not this process be the first step towards the
+formation of our garden polyanthus? if that be not, as is generally
+supposed, a variety of the primrose, rather than of the cowslip.--_Gard.
+Mag_.
+
+
+_French Method of making Coffee_.
+
+The principal points are these:--The coffee,--_Turkey or
+Bourbon_,--should be roasted only till it is of a _cinnamon colour_, and
+closely covered up during the process of roasting. In France this is done
+in closed iron cylinders, turned over a fire by a handle, like a
+grindstone. The coffee should be coarsely ground soon after it is roasted,
+but not until quite cool: some think its _aroma_ is better preserved by
+beating in a mortar, but this is tedious. The proportions for _making
+coffee_ are usually _one pint of boiling water to two and a half ounces
+of coffee_. The coffee being put into the water, the coffee-pot should be
+covered up, and left for two hours surrounded with hot cinders, so as to
+keep up the temperature, without making the liquor boil. Occasionally
+stir it, and after two hours' infusion, remove it from the fire, and
+allow it a quarter of an hour to settle, and when perfectly clear, decant
+it. Isinglass, or hartshorn shavings, are sometimes used to clarify
+coffee; but by this addition you lose a great portion of its delicious
+aroma.
+
+Coffee in England is generally _over-roasted_, and to this fault arise
+all the inconveniences which are so often attributed to coffee, but which,
+in reality, are produced by the imperfect modes of its preparation.--_From
+the Coffee-Drinker's Manual, translated from the French_.
+
+
+_Ivy_.
+
+Attached to the officers' barracks at Winchester, is a very fine
+specimen of ivy; its trunk has been severed off to a height of more than
+two feet from the ground, yet it has for years continued in healthy
+vegetation.--_Gard. Mag_.
+
+
+_Parasite Sycamore_.
+
+In Kinmel Park, Denbighshire, is an oak tree, which, twenty or thirty
+years ago, lost one of its largest branches by the wind, and a partial
+decay was the consequence; a key from a neighbouring sycamore fell into
+the fracture, which, vegetating, has formed for the old mutilated oak a
+new head. This parasite appears to have so completely seated itself, that,
+though the place of its first lodgment is twelve feet from the ground, it
+is thought that its roots will very soon penetrate to the earth, and at
+last destroy its venerable nurse.--_Ibid_.
+
+
+_Turpentine_.
+
+Common turpentine is the produce of the Scotch pine. Trees with the
+thickest bark, and which are most exposed to the sun, generally yield the
+most turpentine. The first incision is made near the foot of the tree,
+and as the resin flows most abundantly in hot weather, the operations are
+begun about the end of May, and continued to September. The juice is
+received into holes dug in the ground, is afterwards taken out with iron
+ladles, poured into pails, and removed to a hollow trunk, capacious
+enough to hold three or four barrels. _Essential oil of turpentine_ is
+obtained by distillation. _Common resin_ is the residuum of the process
+for obtaining the essential oil. _Tar_ is obtained from the roots and
+other parts of old trees. _Med. Botany_.
+
+
+_Gum Arabic_.
+
+The purest and finest gum arabic is brought in caravans to Cairo, by the
+Arabs of the country round Mounts Tor and Sinai, who bring it from this
+distance on the backs of camels, sown up in bags, and often adulterated
+with sand, &c. The gum exudes spontaneously from the bark and trunk of
+the branches of the tree, in a soft, nearly fluid state, and hardens by
+exposure to the air, or heat of the sun. It begins to flow in December,
+immediately after the rainy season, near the flowering time of the tree.
+Afterwards, as the weather becomes hotter, incisions are made through the
+bark, to assist the transudation of the juice.--_Ibid_.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+
+SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+RECOLLECTIONS OF A R*T.
+
+_Written by Himself_.
+
+_From Blackwood's Magazine._
+
+
+This is a pleasant piece of satire upon the _autobiographic_ mania of
+the present day. The original article extends to twenty pages, and is
+throughout a masterly graphic sketch. We have marked a few extracts,
+which we shall endeavour to connect.
+
+
+  "A R--t! a R--t! clap to the door."
+
+POPE.
+
+
+As I intend to write the following pages entirely for my own amusement,
+and as they will most probably never meet the eye of mortal man,
+who alone can decipher them, it is unnecessary for me to make any
+observations on the doctrine of metempsychosis, to which indeed my reader
+(if there shall ever be one) may perhaps not be inclined to give implicit
+belief. It is unnecessary for me, therefore, to begin by alluding to my
+former visit to this earth. I shall not even hint, whether if it ever
+took place, it was in antediluvian ages, or during the Babylonian,
+Grecian, or Roman glory; or in more modern times. Be assured, however,
+gentle reader, (if any there ever be,) that I have the faculty of
+observation--that I have seen many generations of men--that I have been
+in almost every corner of the habitable world, and that I am intimately
+acquainted with the history of mankind.--(Sir Walter Scott's Novels I
+have listened to with the greatest attention!)--I have eat opium in
+Constantinople--garlic in Italy--potatoes in Ireland. I have dabbled my
+whiskers in Guava jelly--have drunk rack at Delhi, and at New South Wales
+I have enjoyed the luxuries of Kangaroo soup and Opossum gravy. I have
+been at the Highland-moors with young Englishmen--at Melton with young
+Scotsmen, and at bathing-quarters with old dowagers and their daughters.
+I have travelled in all ways--by seas--by land--on foot--on horseback--in
+a carriage--in a ship--in a palanquin--in a muff; but the motion of the
+camel I never could bear, it so jolted my poor old bones, and discomposed
+my whole body. India never agreed well with me. The insects, not to
+mention the serpents, annoyed me. The heat made me quite bilious; and,
+indeed, I began to feel my liver affected. And however partial I
+naturally was to perfumes, I soon had a great dislike to the strong smell
+of musk, which I felt about myself, and which, as I observe every
+historian agrees, very soon begins to appear in all of my species who
+reside for any time in India. Musk should not of itself be disagreeable;
+but to have it constantly below one's nose, and to have every thing you
+touch smelling of it, you may easily conceive must be very annoying.
+
+The Count de Buffon, whom we reckon one of our best historians, I see,
+says we are an omnivorous animal, and that we only seem to prefer hard
+substances to those which are tender or succulent. In this, however, he
+is mistaken; at least I can answer for myself. I know, for my part, I
+prefer mulligatawney and a tender young chicken, to an old pair of boots
+or a well-picked bone.
+
+I have the misfortune, my reader, whoever you may be, to belong to a
+race to which you have an aversion; I may say a perfect horror. I am a
+wretched proscribed animal. A lady would faint at the sight of me; and if
+I should merely run across a room, a whole legion of boys and footmen
+would be after me; and if they should kill me, they themselves, and I am
+afraid every other person, would give them credit for doing a meritorious
+action. But, gentle reader, our character is worse than it should be.
+Although we never received any kindness from man, I am sure I can answer
+for myself, at least, I have not very often done him mischief for
+mischief's sake; and do remember that I did not choose my own form, and
+that perhaps I am now doomed to animate it from the contempt and cruelty,
+with which, in better days, I may have used the species. But I moralize,
+and this does not well suit my present condition. You may think it as
+ridiculous an idea as an oyster in love, which, I remember, used to
+tickle my fancy. I must only for one moment be allowed to observe, that
+man bestows far too much care and attention on that green-eyed monster,
+which I do detest--I mean the cat. If we were caressed and made much of
+like it, and half so carefully attended to, I am sure we would make a
+much better return, and be truly grateful and attached. My friend Buffon
+seems perfectly to understand their character, and I must be allowed to
+quote a sentence or two from him, which I know will be much more credited
+than any thing I could myself say. "They possess," says he, "an innate
+malice, and perverse disposition, which increase as they grow up, and
+which education teaches them to conceal, but not to subdue. From
+determined robbers, the best education can only convert them into
+flattering thieves, for they have address, subtlety, and desire of
+plunder." ... "They easily assume the habits of society, but never
+acquire its manners, for they have only the appearance of attachment and
+friendship." And again he says, "the cat appears to have no feelings
+which are not interested--to have no affection which is not conditional--
+and to carry on no intercourse with man, but with the view of turning it
+to his own advantage. Even the tamest are under no subjection, for they
+act merely to please themselves."
+
+The dog is a very different animal. He is really attached to his master,
+and only lives to serve him. A dog is a perfect gentleman, and I love to
+fight with gentlemen.
+
+The Apostle Paul, in his Epistle to the Philippians, says,--"Beware of
+dogs!" c. iii. v. 2. Now, I cannot help always having thought, that he
+must have meant cats. It is very easy to suppose the Greek word "[Greek:
+kunas]," may have crept in instead of "[Greek: galas]" and this, indeed,
+is I believe, corroborated by the folio manuscript copy of the Bible, of
+1223, in the British Museum.
+
+Our race is generally said to have come from some of the islands in the
+Levant, or according to others, from Sweden; but I can ascertain with
+certainty, that my family came to France along with the Huns, and that my
+immediate ancestors came over to England with William the Conqueror, in
+1066. I consider my blood, therefore, as purely British as any of the
+inhabitants of the island. There is a tradition among us, that the
+descendants of the pair who cruised with old Noah, settled in the north
+of Asia, and that we were to be found no where else for about 500 years
+afterwards. As to this, however, I do not pretend to speak with certainty;
+but one thing I know, that wherever man is seen to inhabit, we are to be
+found--wherever he goes, we attend him. We sent out parties to make
+discoveries with Vasquez de Gama, Dampier, Anson, and Cook, and although
+we English gentlemen (who have no blood-relationship with the Norwegians)
+are known to have such a natural abhorrence at cold, the love of science
+prevailed, and a strong party were sent to the frozen seas with Ross,
+Lyon, and Parry. Pontoppidan sagely observes, that "neither the wood nor
+water R*ts can live farther north than Norway; that there are several
+districts, as that of Hordenvor, in the diocese of Bergen, and others in
+the diocese of Aggerhum, where no R*ts are to be found; and that the R*ts
+on the south banks of the Vormen soon perish, when carried to the north
+side of it." But we do not reckon Mr. Pontoppidan a historian implicitly
+to be believed, and indeed the Admiralty took such care of us, that we
+might have remained for years at the Pole itself, without even having the
+toothache!
+
+We always accompany the first visiters of countries, and when they take
+possession for their king, we do so for ourselves; and without being put
+to much trouble in carrying out stores, we have always the best and the
+pick of every thing. Often have I laughed at the pains man took to
+preserve his property from man. Stone and iron are made to do their
+best-armed sentries walking night and day--when all the time I have,
+with the coolest composure, been daily wallowing in the best of every
+thing. Nature abhors a vacuum, and will not allow us to starve,
+especially in the midst of plenty; but I may safely say, that I never
+wantonly destroyed, and, if possible, have always preferred the rich
+man's store.
+
+Before the flood, as the cave of Yorkshire no doubt proves, we were to be
+found in this island--but upon this subject I shall not enter at present.
+Probably what is now Britain, was not then an island--I leave this,
+however, to wiser heads!
+
+In the beginning of the year ----, my parents accompanied the baggage of
+the ---- Dragoon Guards to Scotland. They told me they came in the carts
+with the sergeants' wives, as being the most comfortable. I was born
+above one of the stables on the east side of the court of Piershill
+barracks, or as I used to hear the soldiers then call it, "Jock's Lodge,"
+which is within a mile and a half of Edinburgh. My father was a kind,
+sensible gentleman, and was much esteemed by all his friends; and I
+sincerely forgive him for the great desire, and the many attempts he made
+to eat me up. It was a natural instinct, and poor fellow, he could not be
+blamed for it. If he had succeeded, it would have saved me many vexations
+and trials, but my poor mother thought otherwise; and I am sure she
+fought most valiantly with my father whenever he made any attempt of the
+kind.
+
+[He might, perhaps, have lived and died in the barracks where he was born,
+had it not been for his miraculous escape from a _hunt_ by the officers
+of the dragoons. A few nights afterwards a large band of R*ts made an
+excursion of several miles, and in returning, remained for a day or two
+at Leith. "It being a sea-port, they met with some of their own species
+from all parts of the world, the language of most of whom they could not
+understand."--He travels in the pocket of a captain to Edinburgh. His
+adventures in this city are very amusing. He next sails for Holland.]
+
+We set sail in a few days with a fair wind down the Frith, and soon left
+the Bass and the May behind us. I must confess, I was a little afraid,
+when, for the first time, I was out of sight of land. It is a dismal
+thought to have nothing but sea and sky around, and only a frail plank
+between us and the fathomless depths of ocean. This was my first voyage;
+but many a day and month and year have I spent on the water since that
+time.
+
+I was a little squeamish or so for the first day, but nothing like some
+of our passengers. The great secret I have always found, is to eat plenty,
+and drink a little brandy; that is much better than all your quack
+receipts.
+
+We had a dog on board, but he was a lazy, mangy fellow, and gave us
+little trouble. The wind continued favourable, and on the sixth evening,
+the lights of Goeree and Helvoetsluis were visible. Some of the
+passengers left us at the latter town; but I merely went ashore and took
+a rapid look of the streets, and of the guard-ship, which was in the Dock
+in the centre of the town, and returned to the smack by the captain's
+boat. I saw rather a curious scene on board the man-of-war. Some of her
+men had been engaged in a row the previous night, and were sentenced to
+be flogged. After being stripped, they seemed to dip each man in the
+water before commencing the more disagreeable part of the operation. If I
+had not been in such a hurry, I should certainly have made bold to have
+carried a biscuit to a poor little midshipman, who was condemned to
+remain twelve hours at the mast-head for some nonsense or other, and who
+looked most miserably cold.
+
+Mynheer is certainly a strange fat-bottomed animal after all. His pipe
+never seems to be out of his mouth, nor his hands out of his pockets. The
+pilots who came on board, with their very little hats, their immense wide,
+short breeches, and large wooden shoes, surprised me not a little. The
+Dutch get the credit of being very cleanly, but I cannot say much as to
+that, in their persons at least. The Bad Huis, or Bath Hotel, which is on
+the Boom Keys, the best street in Rotterdam, was recommended to me as the
+only one a gentleman could go to, and there accordingly I and four of the
+passengers took up our quarters.
+
+Upon the whole, there did not appear much to be seen in the town. The
+inhabitants seemed more an eating and drinking sort of people than any
+thing else. Their ferries through the town are a very great nuisance,
+as one cannot always have a doit about them; and a surly, brown, Dutch
+rascal at one time had the impudence to stop me till I had to borrow
+from a friend. The statue of Erasmus is a shabby concern.
+
+A party were intending, I found, to make a trip along the Rhine; so
+I thought I could not do better than join them. We went by the Hague,
+Haarlem, and Amsterdam. With the last, I was much disappointed. They say
+it contains 200,000 human inhabitants, but it has not even a tolerable
+hotel. The famous Haarlem tulip gardens, I of course visited,
+particularly those of Van Eeden. I wonder what the fools could see in
+tulips, who gave 10,000 guilders for one root. The organ is certainly
+very fine; but it nearly cracked the drum of my ears.
+
+When at Amsterdam, I was nearly carried off to Archangel, which would, at
+the time, have been rather a bore indeed. After a grand let-off, given by
+a rich burgo-master, to which my friends got me a special invitation, I
+incautiously exceeded in the curacoa, of which I did not at all then know
+the strength. The vessel put to sea, and I had enough to do to secure
+my retreat in the pilot boat. From Amsterdam we proceeded in a curious,
+large diligence to Utrecht, and from that to Cologne. We had twelve
+(human) passengers inside, who smoked the whole time without intermission.
+I, as well as all my species, are most partial to perfumes, and I did not
+therefore fail to visit the representative of Signior Jean Marie Farina
+in his shop, No. 4568, a la rue haute a Cologne. Nothing struck me
+particularly in this town of Cologne. The streets are very narrow, and
+seemed dull enough. To be sure, the principal one, which is said to be a
+German league in length, is rather fine. The old convent of the Ladies of
+St. Ursula, is curious at least. They show you in it the bones of 11,000
+virgins, who they say were murdered by the Huns at the time of their
+invasion, when they destroyed the town. I might easily have had a taste
+of them; but I had no fancy for such antiquated old maids. In the
+Cathedral, or Dom, as they call it, you see the tomb of the three famous
+kings of Cologne, and the gold and silver chests which contain the bones
+of the Holy Engelberth. I don't think, in the whole town, there is any
+thing else worth the trouble of looking at. The hotel "Le Prince Charles,"
+I found tolerably comfortable: there is a good French cook, but he is
+a saucy fellow.
+
+(_To be concluded in our next_.)
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+
+THE SELECTOR;
+AND
+LITERARY NOTICES OF
+_NEW WORKS_.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+A MOTHER'S LOVE
+
+
+  Oh, beauteous were my baby's dark blue eyes,
+  Evermore turning to his mother's face,
+  So dove-like soft, yet bright as summer skies;
+  And pure his cheek as roses, ere the trace
+  Of earthly blight or stain their tints disgrace.
+  O'er my loved child enraptured still I hung;
+  No joy in life could those sweet hours replace,
+  When by his cradle low I watched and sung--
+  While still in memory's ear his father's promise rung.
+
+  Long, long I wept with weak and piteous cry
+  O'er my sweet infant, in its rosy bloom,
+  As memory brought my hours of agony
+  Again before my mind:--I mourned his doom;
+  I mourned my own: the sunny little room
+  In which, opress'd by sickness, now I lay,
+  Weeping for sorrows past, and woes to come,
+  Had been my own in childhood's early day.
+  Oh! could those years indeed so soon have passed away!
+
+  Past, as the waters of the running brook;
+  Fled, as the summer winds that fan the flowers!
+  All that remained, a word--a tone--a look,
+  Impressed, by chance, in those bright joyous hours;
+  Blossoms which, culled from youth's light fairy bowers,
+  Still float with lingering scent, as loath to fade,
+  In spite of sin's remorseless, 'whelming powers,
+  Above the wreck which time and grief have made.
+  Nursed with the dew of tears, though low in ruin laid.
+
+_The Sorrows of Rosalie_.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+FAGGING AT WINCHESTER SCHOOL.
+
+
+The following outline of a recent quarrel at Winchester School serves to
+illustrate the _System_ of _Fagging_ as practised at one of our leading
+schools, among the "future clergy, lawyers, legislators, and peers of
+England." It is extracted from a pamphlet by Sir Alexander Malet, Bart.;
+and we hope this _expose_ will lead to the extermination of the
+"custom:"--
+
+The prefects, or eight senior boys of the school, are in the habit of
+fagging the juniors; and that they may have a greater command of their
+services during meal times, they appoint one of the junior boys with the
+title of course keeper, whose business it is to take care that whilst the
+prefects are at breakfast or supper, the juniors sit upon a certain cross
+bench at the top of the hall, that they may be forthcoming whenever a
+prefect requires any thing to be done. During that part of the short
+half-year in which there are no fires kept, a sufficient number of boys
+for this service was generally furnished from the fourth class, and it
+was considered that the junior part of the fifth class, which is next in
+the ascending scale, was exempt from so disagreeable a servitude. It
+appears, however, that within these few years, there has been a much
+greater press of boys to enter the school than formerly; the consequence
+has been, that they have come to it older and more advanced in their
+studies than formerly, and the upper departments of the school have
+received a greater accession of numbers in proportion than the lower
+classes. The fourth class, therefore, gradually furnishing a smaller
+number of fags, the prefects issued a mandate, that the junior part of
+the fifth class should share with the fourth in the duty of going on hall:
+this was for some time submitted to; but at length one of the boys of
+this class intentionally abstained from seating himself on the cross
+bench at supper-time, and being seen by the senior prefect, and desired
+by him to go on hall, refused to do so, and argued the point as a matter
+of right, alleging, as the ancient usage of the school, the exemption of
+the junior part of the fifth class from this duty till the commencement
+of fires; he referred to the course keeper as being the depositary of
+the rules, and expressed himself prepared to abide by his decision. The
+course keeper, who does not appear to have been very well versed in the
+usages of the school, decided that the boy ought to go on hall; and the
+prefect therefore resolved, not only to enforce this new rule, but
+to punish the contumely of this unlucky boy by giving him a public
+chastisement. To this, however, the junior did not feel inclined to
+submit, and a second prefect laid hold of him, that he might not evade
+the beating destined for him: a simultaneous movement then took place
+amongst the juniors, who pinioned the two prefects, released the boy
+who was being beaten, and gave them to understand that the intended
+chastisement should not be inflicted. The prefects instantly laid a
+complaint before the head master, who expelled the boy who had refused to
+go on hall, and five others, who had appeared most active in preventing
+the prefect from punishing him.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+WRITTEN IN A LADY'S ALBUM.
+
+
+  As sweeps the bark before the breeze,
+    While waters coldly close around,
+  Till of her pathway through the seas
+    The track no more is found;
+  Thus passing down Oblivion's tide,
+    The beauteous visions of the mind
+  Fleet as that ocean pageant glide,
+    And leave no trace behind.
+
+  But the pure page may still impart
+    Some dream of feeling, else untold,--
+  The silent record of a heart,
+    E'en when that heart is cold.
+  Its lorn memorials here may bloom,--
+    Perchance to gentle bosoms dear,
+  Like flowers that linger o'er the tomb
+    Bedewed with Beauty's tear.
+
+  I ask not for the meed of fame.
+    The wreath above my rest to twine,--
+  Enough for me to leave my name
+    Within this hallow'd shrine;
+  To think that o'er these lines thine eye
+    May wander in some future year,
+  And Memory breathe a passing sigh
+    For him who traced them here.
+
+  Calm sleeps the sea when storms are o'er,
+    With bosom silent and serene,
+  And but the plank upon the shore
+    Reveals that wrecks have been.
+  So some frail leaf like this may be
+    Left floating on Time's silent tide,--
+  The sole remaining trace of me,--
+    To tell I lived and died.
+
+_Malcolm's Scenes of War, &c._
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+THE SUICIDE LOVER.
+
+
+A young man, of rich and respectable parents, was for a long time
+passionately in love with a young lady of the same town, whose birth
+and fortune were equal to his own; he had also the good fortune not
+to displease the young lady. Both families were anxious to bring the
+business to a conclusion; notwithstanding which the intended always found
+some specious pretext to put off the ceremony. The parents of the lady,
+after yielding for some time to the different excuses of their future
+son-in-law, as they could not find out the motive, began to be weary of
+being put off so often, and at last declared to him that a rival, who was
+his equal in every thing, had presented himself, and that if he did not
+soon make up his mind, they should be obliged to give up to the desire of
+his rival. The young man upon this information made up his mind; and,
+after the necessary arrangements, the day for the ceremony arrived. The
+bride, the two families and friends, were assembled, and waited only for
+the bridegroom in order to proceed to church, when a servant arrived with
+the sad intelligence that his master was taken suddenly ill, and in
+consequence requested that the celebration of the nuptials might once
+more be deferred for a few days. Two of his friends, who witnessed
+both the surprise and even the indignation which was marked on every
+countenance, left the party, and hastened to the gentleman's house,
+and pointed out in such strong colours the folly, as well as the bad
+consequences of his behaviour, that he sent them away, assuring them that
+he would dress himself and follow them immediately. But an hour having
+elapsed, and no bridegroom appearing, the two friends again set out to
+inquire into the cause of the delay, which seemed to them more than ever
+extraordinary. They had just arrived at the foot of his staircase, when
+they heard the report of a pistol. They hastened to ascend, and having
+forced open the door of the young man's apartment, they found him dead
+upon the floor, weltering in his blood. They were so shocked at the sight
+before them, that they could not return to announce the fatal news, but
+instantly dispatched a servant for that purpose. It is more easy to
+conceive than describe the consternation such a piece of intelligence was
+likely to throw every one into; but the situation of the bride was most
+to be pitied; she not only lost a lover just on the point of being her
+husband, but fancied that he had received some calumnious information
+which caused him to prefer death to the necessity of being united to her.
+It was some days before this mystery was cleared up, as it was not until
+the seals were broken, that they found the following written paper in his
+desk, dated eight days before the fatal catastrophe:--"I adore
+Mademoiselle de N----, and shall do so all my life. Her virtues surpassed
+if possible her charms; and I would sacrifice the last drop of my blood
+rather than cause her the least uneasiness. But the cruel and dangerous
+passion of jealousy possesses me to such a degree, that notwithstanding
+all her merits, the bare idea of a rival makes me wretched. Every effort
+on my part, joined to the voice of reason, has never been able to
+eradicate this dreadful poison from my heart, and which I fear is
+incurable. If I yield to my penchant for her, and become her husband,
+instead of being a tender lover, of which she is so worthy, I should be
+a tyrant, whose frenzy would render her more miserable than myself. They
+press me to bring our union to a conclusion, they threaten me also with a
+rival, who without doubt deserves her more than I. How can I, miserable
+wretch that I am, how can I ward off the blow which threatens me? I
+flatter myself, at least, to have succeeded in my endeavours to conceal
+the vice of a heart which, although entirely her own, can never
+exterminate the miserable passion which possesses it. The time approaches
+with rapid strides when I must make up my mind. Good Heaven direct me!
+shall I risk making her unhappy? Can I resolve to see her the wife of
+another? Never, no never! rather let me die a hundred deaths...."
+
+This unfortunate youth had written no more, but it was sufficient to
+prove that he had sacrificed himself for the happiness of his mistress.
+
+_Album of Love_.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+THE CRUSADER'S SONG.
+
+"Remember the Holy Sepulchre."
+
+
+  Forget the land which gave ye birth--
+    Forget the womb that bore ye--
+  Forget each much-loved spot of earth--
+    Forget each dream of glory--
+  Forget the friends that by your side
+    Stood firm as rocks unbroken--
+  Forget the late affianced bride,
+    And every dear love token--
+  Forget the hope that in each breast
+    Glow'd like a smould'ring ember--
+  But still the Holy Sepulchre,
+    Remember! oh remember!
+
+  Remember all the vows ye've sworn
+    At holy Becket's altar--
+  Remember all the ills ye've borne,
+    And scorn'd to shrink or falter--
+  Remember every laurel'd field,
+    Which saw the Crescent waving--
+  Remember when compell'd to yield,
+    Uncounted numbers braving:
+  Remember these, remember too
+    The cause ye strive for, ever;
+  The Cross! the Holy Sepulchre!
+    Forget--forget them never!
+
+  By Him who in that Sepulchre
+    Was laid in Death's cold keeping--
+  By Her who bore, who rear'd him. Her
+    Who by that Cross sat weeping--
+  By those, whose blood so oft has cried
+    Revenge for souls unshriven!--
+  By those, whose sacred precepts guide
+    The path to yonder Heaven!
+  From youth to age, from morn to eve
+    From Spring-tide to December,
+  The Holy Sepulchre of Christ
+    Remember! oh remember!
+
+_Literary Remains of Henry Neele_.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+A SERENADE.
+
+
+  Wake, Lady, wake! the midnight Moon
+  Sails through the cloudless skies of June;
+  The Stars gaze sweetly on the stream,
+  Which in the brightness of their beam,
+    One sheet of glory lies;
+  The glow-worm lends its little light,
+  And all that's beautiful and bright
+  Is shining in our world to-night,
+    Save thy bright eyes,
+
+  Wake, Lady! wake! the nightingale
+  Tells to the Moon her love-lorn tale;
+  Now doth the brook that's hush'd by day,
+  As through the vale she winds her way,
+    In murmurs sweet rejoice;
+  The leaves, by the soft night-wind stirr'd,
+  Are whispering many a gentle word,
+  And all Earth's sweetest sounds are heard,
+    Save thy sweet voice.
+
+  Wake, Lady! wake! thy lover waits,
+  Thy steed stands saddled at the gates;
+  Here is a garment, rich and rare,
+  To wrap thee from the cold night-air;
+    Th' appointed hour is flown.
+  Danger and doubt have vanish'd quite,
+  Our way before lies clear and right,
+  And all is ready for the flight,
+    Save thou alone!
+
+  Wake, Lady! wake! I have a wreath
+  Thy broad fair brow should rise beneath;
+  I have a ring that must not shine
+  On any finger, Love! but thine--
+    I've kept my plighted vow;
+  Beneath thy casement here I stand,
+  To lead thee by thine own white hand,
+  Far from this dull and captive strand--
+    But where art thou?
+
+  Wake, Lady! wake! She wakes! she wakes!
+  Through the green mead her course she takes;
+  And now her lover's arms enfold
+  A prize more precious far than gold,
+    Blushing like morning's ray;
+  Now mount thy palfrey, Maiden kind!
+  Nor pause to cast one look behind,
+  But swifter than the viewless wind,
+    Away! away!
+
+_Ibid_.
+
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+
+THE GATHERER
+
+
+  "A snapper-up of unconsidered trifles."
+SHAKSPEARE.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+FILTHY WATER.
+
+
+If the unhappy victims of mud-juice had constant access to the solar
+microscope, and there was occasionally in London a little sunshine to set
+off the animated bedevilments which are crowded into the composition, and
+could see thousands of animals, generated in filth, and living in the
+highest spirits and the greatest abundance, in the stuff destined for
+their stomachs, they would go mad. Boiled down in tea (for which, in
+the midst of _starvation_, a cockney pays five hundred per cent. beyond
+its value, and a tax of five hundred per cent. more than that,) these
+centipedes, toads, small alligators, large worms, white bait, snails,
+caterpillars, maggots, eels, minnows, weeds, moss, offal in detachments,
+gas-juice, vinegar lees, tallow droppings, galls, particles of dead men,
+women, children, horses, and dogs, train-oil, copper, dye-stuff, soot,
+and dead fish, are all, according to the chemistry of the washerwomen,
+neutralized, mollified, clarified, and rectified--but this we doubt; and
+if any of the unhappy persons who imbibe nastiness fourteen times a week,
+under the idea that it is good and wholesome because it is hot, will
+take the trouble to look at the agreeable deposit in the bottom of the
+"slop-basin," they will find that independent of all the muddy, fishy,
+oily, gaseous, animal and vegetable stuff, introduced into their stomachs
+under the guise of that most poisonous of all herbs, tea, they are in the
+habit of swallowing mud, earth, stones, sand, and gravel, in quantities
+sufficient to establish in less than three months spaces of land as big
+as Cornish freeholds in their insides.--_John Bull_.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+NAPOLEON.
+
+
+While Napoleon was a subaltern in the army, a Russian officer remarked,
+with much self-sufficiency, "That his country fought for glory and the
+French for gain."--"You are perfectly right," answered Napoleon; "every
+one fights for that which he does not possess."
+
+INA.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+FORBIDDEN FRUIT.
+
+
+Sir Richard Steele, who represented the borough of Stockbridge, Hants,
+in parliament in the reign of Queen Anne, carried his election against
+a powerful opposition, by sticking a large apple full of guineas, and
+declaring that it should be the prize of that man whose wife was first
+brought to bed after that day nine months. This merry offer procured him
+the interest of the ladies, who, it is said, commemorate Sir Richard's
+bounty to this day, and once made a vigorous effort to procure a standing
+order of the corporation, that no man should ever be received as a
+candidate who did not offer himself on the same terms.
+
+HALBERT H.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+EPITAPH ON A SILLY, DRUNKEN SOT.
+
+
+His life and death five letters do express; A.B.C. he knew not, and he
+died of X.S.
+
+G.J.F.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+CONVENIENT ABSENCE.
+
+
+An individual often visited a landscape painter, who had a very beautiful
+wife, but he always met with the husband. "Zounds," said he, one day to
+him, "for a painter of landscapes, you are very seldom in the country."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+TARRAGON.
+
+
+We recommend our correspondent, _Qy?_ to steep shalots and tarragon in
+vinegar, to be used as a sauce with rump-steaks. Or he may chop the
+shalots and tarragon _very fine_, and sprinkle them over the meat.
+Tarragon sprinkled over mutton chops is a nice relish; and with _sauce
+piquante_ flavoured with the above vinegar, makes a dish on "which the
+gods might dine."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+PEREMPTORY CONCLUSION.
+
+
+An advocate, whose pleading appeared too diffuse for the cause he was
+defending, had received an order from the first president to abridge it;
+but the former, without omitting a word of his intended address, replied
+in a firm tone, that all he uttered was essential. The president, hoping
+at length to make him silent, said to him, "The court orders you to
+_conclude_." "Well," replied the advocate, "then I _conclude_ that the
+court shall hear me."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+GROUNDS OF RECOGNITION.
+
+
+A man went to a restaurateur's (or chop-house) in France, to dine. He
+perceived another man in the room and hurried away to tell the master.
+"If you do not, Sir, order that man, who is dining alone at the table
+in the corner, out of your house, a respectable individual will not be
+able to sit down in it."--"How is that, Sir?"--"Because that is the
+executioner of R----." The host, after some hesitation, at length went
+and spoke to the stranger, who calmly answered him: "By whom have I been
+recognised?"--"By that gentleman," said the landlord, pointing out the
+former. "Indeed, he ought to know me, for it is not two years since I
+whipped and branded him."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+SINGULAR MISTAKE.
+
+
+A courtier was playing at piquet, and was greatly annoyed by a
+short-sighted man with a long nose. To get rid of it he took his pocket
+handkerchief and wiped his troublesome neighbour's nose. "Ah, sir," said
+he immediately, "I really beg your pardon, I took it for my own."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+BROTHERS AND SISTERS.
+
+
+During the revolution, a young man was travelling in the Diligence to
+Lyons with "_a brother and a friend_," when they had got about half way
+the latter's purse became empty; "_Brother_," said he to the young man,
+"pay for me, and I will return it to you at Lyons." "I cannot."--"Why, are
+we not brothers?" "Oh certainly, but _our purses are not sisters_."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+SPANISH REFUGEES.
+
+
+As philanthropy is of no _caste_ or creed, let us dip our pen "in the
+milk of human kindness," and recommend each of our readers to contribute
+the amount of the MIRROR purchase-money--_Two-pence_--to the fund for
+relief of the Spanish Refugees.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+THE ANNUALS.
+
+
+The SUPPLEMENT announced in No. 340 of the MIRROR, will be published next
+Saturday, December 6, and will contain Notices of such of the ANNUALS as
+were not included in the previous Supplement, with a FINE ENGRAVING, and
+their _Spirit_, or _Second Sight_.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+LIMBIRD'S EDITION OF THE
+
+_Following Novels are already Published_:
+
+-                                      _s._ _d_.
+Mackenzie's Man of Feeling . . . . . . 0    6
+Paul and Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . 0    6
+The Castle of Otranto. . . . . . . . . 0    6
+Almoran and Ramet. . . . . . . . . . . 0    6
+Elizabeth, or the Exiles of Siberia. . 0    6
+The Castles of Athlin and Dunbayne . . 0    6
+Rasselas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0    8
+The Old English Baron. . . . . . . . . 0    8
+Nature and Art . . . . . . . . . . . . 0    8
+Goldsmith's Vicar of Wakefield . . . . 0   10
+Sicilian Romance . . . . . . . . . . . 1    0
+The Man of the World . . . . . . . . . 1    0
+A Simple Story . . . . . . . . . . . . 1    4
+Joseph Andrews . . . . . . . . . . . . 1    6
+Humphry Clinker. . . . . . . . . . . . 1    8
+The Romance of the Forest. . . . . . . 1    8
+The Italian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2    0
+Zeluco, by Dr. Moore . . . . . . . . . 2    6
+Edward, by Dr. Moore . . . . . . . . . 2    0
+Roderick Random. . . . . . . . . . . . 2    6
+The Mysteries of Udolpho . . . . . . . 3    6
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+_Printed and Published by J. LIMBIRD, 143, Strand, (near Somerset House,)
+London; sold by ERNEST FLEISCHER, 626, New Market, Leipsic; and by all
+Newsmen and Booksellers._
+
+
+
+***END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE MIRROR OF LITERATURE, AMUSEMENT,
+AND INSTRUCTION, VOL. 12, ISSUE 343, NOVEMBER 29, 1828***
+
+
+******* This file should be named 11404.txt or 11404.zip *******
+
+
+This and all associated files of various formats will be found in:
+https://www.gutenberg.org/1/1/4/0/11404
+
+
+Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions
+will be renamed.
+
+Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no
+one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation
+(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without
+permission and without paying copyright royalties.  Special rules,
+set forth in the General Terms of Use part of this license, apply to
+copying and distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works to
+protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm concept and trademark.  Project
+Gutenberg is a registered trademark, and may not be used if you
+charge for the eBooks, unless you receive specific permission.  If you
+do not charge anything for copies of this eBook, complying with the
+rules is very easy.  You may use this eBook for nearly any purpose
+such as creation of derivative works, reports, performances and
+research.  They may be modified and printed and given away--you may do
+practically ANYTHING with public domain eBooks.  Redistribution is
+subject to the trademark license, especially commercial
+redistribution.
+
+
+
+*** START: FULL LICENSE ***
+
+THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE
+PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK
+
+To protect the Project Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting the free
+distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work
+(or any other work associated in any way with the phrase "Project
+Gutenberg"), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full Project
+Gutenberg-tm License (available with this file or online at
+https://gutenberg.org/license).
+
+
+Section 1.  General Terms of Use and Redistributing Project Gutenberg-tm
+electronic works
+
+1.A.  By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg-tm
+electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree to
+and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property
+(trademark/copyright) agreement.  If you do not agree to abide by all
+the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or destroy
+all copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in your possession.
+If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a Project
+Gutenberg-tm electronic work and you do not agree to be bound by the
+terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from the person or
+entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in paragraph 1.E.8.
+
+1.B.  "Project Gutenberg" is a registered trademark.  It may only be
+used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people who
+agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement.  There are a few
+things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works
+even without complying with the full terms of this agreement.  See
+paragraph 1.C below.  There are a lot of things you can do with Project
+Gutenberg-tm electronic works if you follow the terms of this agreement
+and help preserve free future access to Project Gutenberg-tm electronic
+works.  See paragraph 1.E below.
+
+1.C.  The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation ("the Foundation"
+or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the collection of Project
+Gutenberg-tm electronic works.  Nearly all the individual works in the
+collection are in the public domain in the United States.  If an
+individual work is in the public domain in the United States and you are
+located in the United States, we do not claim a right to prevent you from
+copying, distributing, performing, displaying or creating derivative
+works based on the work as long as all references to Project Gutenberg
+are removed.  Of course, we hope that you will support the Project
+Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting free access to electronic works by
+freely sharing Project Gutenberg-tm works in compliance with the terms of
+this agreement for keeping the Project Gutenberg-tm name associated with
+the work.  You can easily comply with the terms of this agreement by
+keeping this work in the same format with its attached full Project
+Gutenberg-tm License when you share it without charge with others.
+
+1.D.  The copyright laws of the place where you are located also govern
+what you can do with this work.  Copyright laws in most countries are in
+a constant state of change.  If you are outside the United States, check
+the laws of your country in addition to the terms of this agreement
+before downloading, copying, displaying, performing, distributing or
+creating derivative works based on this work or any other Project
+Gutenberg-tm work.  The Foundation makes no representations concerning
+the copyright status of any work in any country outside the United
+States.
+
+1.E.  Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg:
+
+1.E.1.  The following sentence, with active links to, or other immediate
+access to, the full Project Gutenberg-tm License must appear prominently
+whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg-tm work (any work on which the
+phrase "Project Gutenberg" appears, or with which the phrase "Project
+Gutenberg" is associated) is accessed, displayed, performed, viewed,
+copied or distributed:
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+1.E.2.  If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is derived
+from the public domain (does not contain a notice indicating that it is
+posted with permission of the copyright holder), the work can be copied
+and distributed to anyone in the United States without paying any fees
+or charges.  If you are redistributing or providing access to a work
+with the phrase "Project Gutenberg" associated with or appearing on the
+work, you must comply either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1
+through 1.E.7 or obtain permission for the use of the work and the
+Project Gutenberg-tm trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or
+1.E.9.
+
+1.E.3.  If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is posted
+with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution
+must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any additional
+terms imposed by the copyright holder.  Additional terms will be linked
+to the Project Gutenberg-tm License for all works posted with the
+permission of the copyright holder found at the beginning of this work.
+
+1.E.4.  Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project Gutenberg-tm
+License terms from this work, or any files containing a part of this
+work or any other work associated with Project Gutenberg-tm.
+
+1.E.5.  Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this
+electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without
+prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with
+active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project
+Gutenberg-tm License.
+
+1.E.6.  You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary,
+compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form, including any
+word processing or hypertext form.  However, if you provide access to or
+distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg-tm work in a format other than
+"Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other format used in the official version
+posted on the official Project Gutenberg-tm web site (www.gutenberg.org),
+you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense to the user, provide a
+copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means of obtaining a copy upon
+request, of the work in its original "Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other
+form.  Any alternate format must include the full Project Gutenberg-tm
+License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1.
+
+1.E.7.  Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying,
+performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg-tm works
+unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9.
+
+1.E.8.  You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing
+access to or distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works provided
+that
+
+- You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from
+     the use of Project Gutenberg-tm works calculated using the method
+     you already use to calculate your applicable taxes.  The fee is
+     owed to the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark, but he
+     has agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to the
+     Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation.  Royalty payments
+     must be paid within 60 days following each date on which you
+     prepare (or are legally required to prepare) your periodic tax
+     returns.  Royalty payments should be clearly marked as such and
+     sent to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation at the
+     address specified in Section 4, "Information about donations to
+     the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation."
+
+- You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who notifies
+     you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that s/he
+     does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg-tm
+     License.  You must require such a user to return or
+     destroy all copies of the works possessed in a physical medium
+     and discontinue all use of and all access to other copies of
+     Project Gutenberg-tm works.
+
+- You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of any
+     money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in the
+     electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90 days
+     of receipt of the work.
+
+- You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free
+     distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm works.
+
+1.E.9.  If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project Gutenberg-tm
+electronic work or group of works on different terms than are set
+forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing from
+both the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation and Michael
+Hart, the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark.  Contact the
+Foundation as set forth in Section 3 below.
+
+1.F.
+
+1.F.1.  Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend considerable
+effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe and proofread
+public domain works in creating the Project Gutenberg-tm
+collection.  Despite these efforts, Project Gutenberg-tm electronic
+works, and the medium on which they may be stored, may contain
+"Defects," such as, but not limited to, incomplete, inaccurate or
+corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other intellectual
+property infringement, a defective or damaged disk or other medium, a
+computer virus, or computer codes that damage or cannot be read by
+your equipment.
+
+1.F.2.  LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Except for the "Right
+of Replacement or Refund" described in paragraph 1.F.3, the Project
+Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner of the Project
+Gutenberg-tm trademark, and any other party distributing a Project
+Gutenberg-tm electronic work under this agreement, disclaim all
+liability to you for damages, costs and expenses, including legal
+fees.  YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT
+LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE
+PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH F3.  YOU AGREE THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE
+TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE
+LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR
+INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
+DAMAGE.
+
+1.F.3.  LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you discover a
+defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it, you can
+receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by sending a
+written explanation to the person you received the work from.  If you
+received the work on a physical medium, you must return the medium with
+your written explanation.  The person or entity that provided you with
+the defective work may elect to provide a replacement copy in lieu of a
+refund.  If you received the work electronically, the person or entity
+providing it to you may choose to give you a second opportunity to
+receive the work electronically in lieu of a refund.  If the second copy
+is also defective, you may demand a refund in writing without further
+opportunities to fix the problem.
+
+1.F.4.  Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth
+in paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you 'AS-IS,' WITH NO OTHER
+WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO
+WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTIBILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE.
+
+1.F.5.  Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied
+warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of damages.
+If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement violates the
+law of the state applicable to this agreement, the agreement shall be
+interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or limitation permitted by
+the applicable state law.  The invalidity or unenforceability of any
+provision of this agreement shall not void the remaining provisions.
+
+1.F.6.  INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the Foundation, the
+trademark owner, any agent or employee of the Foundation, anyone
+providing copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in accordance
+with this agreement, and any volunteers associated with the production,
+promotion and distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works,
+harmless from all liability, costs and expenses, including legal fees,
+that arise directly or indirectly from any of the following which you do
+or cause to occur: (a) distribution of this or any Project Gutenberg-tm
+work, (b) alteration, modification, or additions or deletions to any
+Project Gutenberg-tm work, and (c) any Defect you cause.
+
+
+Section  2.  Information about the Mission of Project Gutenberg-tm
+
+Project Gutenberg-tm is synonymous with the free distribution of
+electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of computers
+including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers.  It exists
+because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and donations from
+people in all walks of life.
+
+Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the
+assistance they need, is critical to reaching Project Gutenberg-tm's
+goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg-tm collection will
+remain freely available for generations to come.  In 2001, the Project
+Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a secure
+and permanent future for Project Gutenberg-tm and future generations.
+To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation
+and how your efforts and donations can help, see Sections 3 and 4
+and the Foundation web page at https://www.pglaf.org.
+
+
+Section 3.  Information about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive
+Foundation
+
+The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non profit
+501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the
+state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal
+Revenue Service.  The Foundation's EIN or federal tax identification
+number is 64-6221541.  Its 501(c)(3) letter is posted at
+https://pglaf.org/fundraising.  Contributions to the Project Gutenberg
+Literary Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent
+permitted by U.S. federal laws and your state's laws.
+
+The Foundation's principal office is located at 4557 Melan Dr. S.
+Fairbanks, AK, 99712., but its volunteers and employees are scattered
+throughout numerous locations.  Its business office is located at
+809 North 1500 West, Salt Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887, email
+business@pglaf.org.  Email contact links and up to date contact
+information can be found at the Foundation's web site and official
+page at https://pglaf.org
+
+For additional contact information:
+     Dr. Gregory B. Newby
+     Chief Executive and Director
+     gbnewby@pglaf.org
+
+Section 4.  Information about Donations to the Project Gutenberg
+Literary Archive Foundation
+
+Project Gutenberg-tm depends upon and cannot survive without wide
+spread public support and donations to carry out its mission of
+increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can be
+freely distributed in machine readable form accessible by the widest
+array of equipment including outdated equipment.  Many small donations
+($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax exempt
+status with the IRS.
+
+The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating
+charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United
+States.  Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a
+considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and keep up
+with these requirements.  We do not solicit donations in locations
+where we have not received written confirmation of compliance.  To
+SEND DONATIONS or determine the status of compliance for any
+particular state visit https://pglaf.org
+
+While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where we
+have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no prohibition
+against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in such states who
+approach us with offers to donate.
+
+International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make
+any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from
+outside the United States.  U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff.
+
+Please check the Project Gutenberg Web pages for current donation
+methods and addresses.  Donations are accepted in a number of other
+ways including including checks, online payments and credit card
+donations.  To donate, please visit: https://pglaf.org/donate
+
+
+Section 5.  General Information About Project Gutenberg-tm electronic
+works.
+
+Professor Michael S. Hart was the originator of the Project Gutenberg-tm
+concept of a library of electronic works that could be freely shared
+with anyone.  For thirty years, he produced and distributed Project
+Gutenberg-tm eBooks with only a loose network of volunteer support.
+
+Project Gutenberg-tm eBooks are often created from several printed
+editions, all of which are confirmed as Public Domain in the U.S.
+unless a copyright notice is included.  Thus, we do not necessarily
+keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper edition.
+
+Each eBook is in a subdirectory of the same number as the eBook's
+eBook number, often in several formats including plain vanilla ASCII,
+compressed (zipped), HTML and others.
+
+Corrected EDITIONS of our eBooks replace the old file and take over
+the old filename and etext number.  The replaced older file is renamed.
+VERSIONS based on separate sources are treated as new eBooks receiving
+new filenames and etext numbers.
+
+Most people start at our Web site which has the main PG search facility:
+
+https://www.gutenberg.org
+
+This Web site includes information about Project Gutenberg-tm,
+including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary
+Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to
+subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks.
+
+EBooks posted prior to November 2003, with eBook numbers BELOW #10000,
+are filed in directories based on their release date.  If you want to
+download any of these eBooks directly, rather than using the regular
+search system you may utilize the following addresses and just
+download by the etext year.
+
+http://www.ibiblio.org/gutenberg/etext06
+
+    (Or /etext 05, 04, 03, 02, 01, 00, 99,
+     98, 97, 96, 95, 94, 93, 92, 92, 91 or 90)
+
+EBooks posted since November 2003, with etext numbers OVER #10000, are
+filed in a different way.  The year of a release date is no longer part
+of the directory path.  The path is based on the etext number (which is
+identical to the filename).  The path to the file is made up of single
+digits corresponding to all but the last digit in the filename.  For
+example an eBook of filename 10234 would be found at:
+
+https://www.gutenberg.org/1/0/2/3/10234
+
+or filename 24689 would be found at:
+https://www.gutenberg.org/2/4/6/8/24689
+
+An alternative method of locating eBooks:
+https://www.gutenberg.org/GUTINDEX.ALL
+
+*** END: FULL LICENSE ***
diff --git a/old/11404.zip b/old/11404.zip
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..26cb15a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/old/11404.zip