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diff --git a/old/11362-h/11362-h.htm b/old/11362-h/11362-h.htm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..f5feed6 --- /dev/null +++ b/old/11362-h/11362-h.htm @@ -0,0 +1,2708 @@ +<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" + "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> +<html> +<head> +<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" /> +<title>The Project Gutenberg eBook of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and Instruction, Vol. 12, Issue 322, July 12, 1828, by Various</title> + <style type="text/css"> + /*<![CDATA[*/ + <!-- + body {margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%;} + p {text-align: justify;} + blockquote {text-align: justify;} + h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6 {text-align: center;} + pre {font-size: 0.7em;} + + hr {text-align: center; width: 50%;} + html>body hr {margin-right: 25%; margin-left: 25%; width: 50%;} + hr.full {width: 100%;} + html>body hr.full {margin-right: 0%; margin-left: 0%; width: 100%;} + + .note, .footnote {margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%; font-size: 0.9em;} + + span.pagenum {position: absolute; left: 1%; right: 91%; font-size: 8pt;} + + .poem {margin-left:10%; margin-right:10%; margin-bottom: 1em; text-align: left;} + .poem .stanza {margin: 1em 0em 1em 0em;} + .poem p {margin: 0; padding-left: 3em; text-indent: -3em;} + .poem p.i2 {margin-left: 1em;} + + .figure {padding: 1em; margin: 0; text-align: center; font-size: 0.8em; margin: auto;} + .figure img {border: none;} + .figure p + a:link {color:blue; + text-decoration:none} + link {color:blue; + text-decoration:none} + a:visited {color:blue; + text-decoration:none} + a:hover {color:red} + --> + /*]]>*/ + </style> +</head> +<body> +<h1>The Project Gutenberg eBook, The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and +Instruction, Vol. 12, Issue 322, July 12, 1828, by Various</h1> +<pre> +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at <a href = "https://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></pre> +<p>Title: The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and Instruction, Vol. 12, Issue 322, July 12, 1828</p> +<p>Author: Various</p> +<p>Release Date: February 28, 2004 [eBook #11362]</p> +<p>Language: English</p> +<p>Character set encoding: iso-8859-1</p> +<p>***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE MIRROR OF LITERATURE, AMUSEMENT, AND INSTRUCTION, VOL. 12, ISSUE 322, JULY 12, 1828***</p> +<br /> +<br /> +<center><b>E-text prepared by Jonathan Ingram, Chew-Hung Lee, David Garcia,<br /> + and the Project Gutenberg Online Distributed Proofreading Team</b></center> +<br /> +<br /> + <hr class="full" /> + <span class="pagenum"><a id="page17" name="page17"></a>[pg + 17]</span> + <h1> + THE MIRROR<br /> + OF<br /> + LITERATURE, AMUSEMENT, AND INSTRUCTION. + </h1> + <hr class="full" /> + <table width="100%" summary="Banner"> + <tr> + <td align="left"> + <b>VOL. XII, NO. 322.]</b> + </td> + <td align="center"> + <b>SATURDAY, JULY 12, 1828.</b> + </td> + <td align="right"> + <b>[PRICE 2d.</b> + </td> + </tr> + </table> + <hr class="full" /> + <h2> + CLARENCE TERRACE, REGENT'S PARK. + </h2> + <div class="figure" style="width: 100%;"> + <a href="images/322-1.png"><img width="100%" + src="images/322-1.png" + alt="Clarence Terrace, Regent's Park." /></a> + </div> + <p> + <span class="pagenum"><a id="page18" name="page18"></a>[pg + 18]</span> + </p> + <h3> + CLARENCE TERRACE, + </h3> + <center> + REGENT'S PARK. + </center> + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p> + O mortal man, who livest here, + </p> + <p> + Do not complain of this thy hard estate. + </p> + </div> + </div> + <p> + <i>Thomson's Castle of Indolence.</i> + </p> + <p> + The annexed continuation of our illustrated ramble in the + Regent's Park is named <i>Clarence Terrace</i>, in compliment + to the illustrious Lord High Admiral of England. It consists + of a centre and two wings, of the Corinthian order, connected + by colonnades of the Ilyssus Ionic order, and altogether + presents a picturesque display of Grecian architecture. The + three stories are a rusticated entrance, or basement; and a + Corinthian drawing-room and chamber story; surmounted with an + elegant entablature and balustrade. In the details, the + spectator cannot fail to admire the boldness and richness of + the columns supporting the pediment in the centre, and the + classic beauty of the pilasters which decorate the wings. + </p> + <p> + <i>Clarence Terrace</i> is from the designs of Mr. Decimus + Burton, to whose ingenious pencil we are indebted for some of + the splendid architectural combinations in this district. The + present terrace is, we believe, the smallest in the park, but + yields to none in picturesque effect and harmonious design; + and the variety of its composition renders it one of the most + attractive illustrations of our series. It is likewise worthy + of remark, that this portion of the Regent's Park, from its + natural beauties, is entitled to the first-rate embellishment + of art, inasmuch as the basement of Clarence Terrace commands + a "living picture" of extraordinary luxuriance; and from the + drawing-room windows the lake may be seen studded with little + islands, and environed with lawny slopes and unusual + park-like vegetation: + </p> + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p> + With Nature the creating pencil vies + </p> + <p> + With Nature joyous at the mimic strife. + </p> + </div> + </div> + <p> + We have already indulged our fancy in anticipations of the + future splendour of the Regent's Park. As yet, art triumphs, + and here the lordlings of wealth may enjoy <i>otium cum + dignitate</i>: but in a few years Nature may enable this + domain to vie with Daphne of old, and become to London what + Daphne was to Antioch, whose voluptuousness and luxury are + perpetuated in history. But the beginnings of such triumphs + furnish more pleasing reflections than their decline. + </p> + <p> + Clarence Terrace is on the western side of the park, and + adjoins Sussex Place, whose cupola tops were the signals for + critical censure and ridicule among the first structures in + this quarter. The artists have, however, profited by the + lesson, and the architecture of the Regent's Park bids fair + to rank among the proudest successes of art. + </p> + <hr /> + <h3> + ORIGIN OF PARISHES. + </h3> + <p> + (<i>For the Mirror.</i>) + </p> + <p> + How ancient the division of parishes is, may at present be + difficult to ascertain. Mr. Camden says, England was divided + into parishes by Archbishop Honorius, about the year 630. Sir + Henry Hobart lays it down, that parishes were first erected + by the council of Lateran, which was held A.D. 1179. Each + widely differs from the other, and both of them perhaps from + the truth, which will probably be found in the medium, + between the two extremes. We find the distinction of + parishes, nay, even of mother churches, so early as in the + laws of King Edgar, about the year 970. The civil division of + England into counties, of counties into hundreds, of hundreds + into tithings, or towns, as it now stands, seems to owe its + original to King Alfred; who, to prevent the rapines and + disorders which formerly prevailed in the realm, instituted + tithings; so called, from the Saxon, because ten freeholders + with their families composed one. These all dwelt together, + and were sureties, or free-pledges to the king for the good + behaviour of each other; and if any offence were committed in + their district, they were bound to have the offender + forthcoming. And therefore, anciently, no man was suffered to + abide in England above forty days, unless he were enrolled in + some tithing or decennary. As ten families of freeholders + made up a tithing, so ten tithings composed a superior + division, called a hundred. In some of the more northern + counties these hundreds are called wapentakes. The + sub-division of hundreds into tithings seems to be most + peculiarly the invention of Alfred; the institution of + hundreds themselves he rather introduced than invented, for + they seem to have obtained in Denmark; and we find that in + France a regulation of this sort was made above 200 years + before; set on foot by Clotharicus and Childebert, with a + view of obliging each district to answer for the robberies + committed in its own division. In some counties there is an + intermediate division between the shire and the hundred, as + lathes in Kent, and rapes in Sussex, each of them containing + about three or four hundreds a-piece. Where a county is + divided into three of these intermediate jurisdictions, they + are called trithings, which still subsist in the large county + of York, where, by an easy corruption, they are denominated + ridings; the north, the east, and the west. + </p> + <p> + J.M. C——D. + </p> + <hr /> + <p> + <span class="pagenum"><a id="page19" name="page19"></a>[pg + 19]</span> + </p> + <h3> + STANZAS, + </h3> + <center> + (BEING AN INTRODUCTION TO AN INTENDED VERSIFICATION OF ONE OF + THE TALES OF BOCCACCIO.) + </center> + <p> + (<i>For the Mirror.</i>) + </p> + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p> + The young, fair Spring, is tripping o'er the Earth, + </p> + <p class="i2"> + With feet that ne'er can know the lag of age; + </p> + <p> + The Earth, her lover, conscious of her worth, + </p> + <p class="i2"> + Flings down all his rich treasures to engage + </p> + <p> + That blushing wanderer: but she journeys forth + </p> + <p class="i2"> + Heedless of all his offerings. The hot rage + </p> + <p> + Of love shall scorch his heart in tortures fell, + </p> + <p> + Till Winter comes with many an icicle. + </p> + </div> + <div class="stanza"> + <p> + That loved-one yet is here; and flowers, and songs, + </p> + <p class="i2"> + And streams—to gush above her own free feet + </p> + <p> + Of stainless ivory,—and countless throngs + </p> + <p class="i2"> + Of birds are living, her pure soul to greet. + </p> + <p> + And the lone spirit, thoughtfully that longs + </p> + <p class="i2"> + For a dim view of Eden, from a seat + </p> + <p> + O'erhanging some green valley, now espies + </p> + <p> + Nought that might dread compare with Paradise! + </p> + </div> + <div class="stanza"> + <p> + There is a glory gone forth from on high!— + </p> + <p class="i2"> + It quickens the heart's beat, whereon it flings + </p> + <p> + Its fervour;—the flushed cheek and glowing eye + </p> + <p class="i2"> + Confess its influence;—and the many strings, + </p> + <p> + Voiceless too long in the young heart, reply + </p> + <p class="i2"> + To the mute promptings of a thousand things + </p> + <p> + Which Spring has conjured up;—all, all is + hers— + </p> + <p> + That Glory without name—she ministers. + </p> + </div> + <div class="stanza"> + <p> + Now—all the thoughts she wakens in the heart + </p> + <p class="i2"> + Are glorious Music!—divine Poesy!— + </p> + <p> + Now—all the dreams on Fancy's eyes that start, + </p> + <p class="i2"> + She will disown not, wayward though they be. + </p> + <p> + Sweet Dreams!—down Lethe's billow they + depart— + </p> + <p class="i2"> + Words are too weak to clothe them worthily. + </p> + <p> + Rich incense, burnt upon some altar stone + </p> + <p> + Censerless,—in a temple—desert—lone! + </p> + </div> + <div class="stanza"> + <p> + What shall we do in these delightful days, + </p> + <p class="i2"> + When the full, bounding heart, will not be still;— + </p> + <p> + When the glad eye, absorbed in far-sent gaze, + </p> + <p class="i2"> + Forgets Earth's plenitude of grief and ill;— + </p> + <p> + Shall we dream on, in a bewitching maze + </p> + <p class="i2"> + Of sweet affections and bold hopes, until + </p> + <p> + Earth is not Earth—but Heaven? or shall we die + </p> + <p> + Hourly, to some "dissolving minstrelsy?" + </p> + </div> + <div class="stanza"> + <p> + Sometimes, when day is dying—when twilight + </p> + <p class="i2"> + Brings its dim Vigil,—hour of quietness,— + </p> + <p> + 'Tis sweet to listen, till the cheated sight + </p> + <p class="i2"> + Pictures strange shadowings of awfulness,— + </p> + <p> + Some wild, old tale of goblin's ghastly spite, + </p> + <p class="i2"> + Or antique strain of passionate distress;— + </p> + <p> + And one, which has been wept o'er many a time + </p> + <p> + I seek, to mar, perchance, with feeble rhyme + </p> + </div> + </div> + <p> + <i>May, 1828.</i> + </p> + <h4> + THOMAS M——s. + </h4> + <hr /> + <h3> + EXECUTION AND LAST MOMENTS OF LORD WILLIAM RUSSEL. + </h3> + <p> + (<i>For the Mirror.</i>) + </p> + <p> + This distinguished patriot and martyr to the cause of liberty + was the third son of William, the first Duke of Bedford, by a + daughter of the Earl of Somerset. He refused the generous + offer of Lord Cavendish to favour his escape, by changing + clothes with him in prison; and he also declined the Duke of + Monmouth's proposal to surrender himself, should Lord William + Russel think it might contribute to his safety. "It will be + no advantage to me," he said, "to have my friends die with + me." Conjugal affection was the feeling that clung to his + heart; and when he had taken his last farewell of his wife, + he said, "The bitterness of death is now over." He suffered + the sentences of his judges with resignation and composure. + Some of his expressions (says his biographer) imply much + good-humour in this last extremity. The day before his + execution, he was seized with a bleeding at the nose. "I + shall not now let blood to divert this distemper," said he to + Burnet, who was present; "that will be done to-morrow." A + little before the sheriffs conducted him to the scaffold, he + wound up his watch. "Now I have done," said he, "with time, + and henceforth must think solely of eternity." The sad + tragedy of the death of the virtuous Lord Russel, (says + Pennant,) who lost his head in the middle of + Lincoln's-Inn-Fields, took place on July 21st, 1683. Party + writers assert that he was brought here in preference to any + other spot, in order to mortify the citizens with the sight. + In fact, it was the nearest open space to Newgate, the place + of his lordship's confinement. Without the least change of + countenance, he laid his head on the block, and at two + strokes it was severed from his body. He was, at the time of + his death, only forty-two years of age. To his character for + probity, sincerity, and private worth, even the enemies to + his public principles bear testimony. At Woburn Abbey is + preserved, in gold letters, the speech of Lord Russel to the + sheriffs, together with the paper delivered by his lordship + to them at the place of execution. + </p> + <h4> + P.T.W. + </h4> + <hr /> + <h3> + INDEPENDENCE OF PORTUGAL. + </h3> + <p> + (<i>For the Mirror.</i>) + </p> + <p> + Portugal was first created into a monarchy on the 27th of + July, 1139; on which day, Dom Alphonso I., son of Henry, + Count of Burgundy, the son of Robert, king of France, was + proclaimed at Lisbon, after having vanquished and slain five + Moorish kings in the battle of Campo d'Ourique, where he was + unanimously chosen as sovereign of Portugal by his army. This + dignity was confirmed to him by the first assembly of the + states-general <span class="pagenum"><a id="page20" + name="page20"></a>[pg 20]</span> at Lamego. In commemoration + of this event, the Portuguese arms bear five standards and + five escudets.<a id="footnotetag1" + name="footnotetag1"></a><a href="#footnote1"><sup>1</sup></a> + After the unfortunate expedition of Dom Sebastian I. to + Africa, where he was slain in the battle of Alcazar, the + crown devolved upon his great uncle, the Cardinal Dom Henry, + a man of 67 years of age, and who reigned but 17 months. At + his death there were several claimants for the succession, + and the kingdom in consequence became the theatre of civil + war. Philip II. of Spain, the most powerful of these, sent an + army, under the Duke of Alba, into Portugal, and completed + the conquest of the country with little opposition. This + event took place in the year 1580, and the kingdom of + Portugal remained under the dominion of Spain until the 1st + of December, 1649, the day on which the Duke of Braganza was + proclaimed king with the title of Dom Joao IV. Since that + time Portugal has maintained its independence. For a more + detailed account, see L'Abbé Nertot's "Revolutions of + Portugal." + </p> + <h4> + C.V., A CONSTANT READER. + </h4> + <hr /> + <h3> + RECENT EARTHQUAKE IN COLOMBIA. + </h3> + <center> + (<i>Communicated by a Correspondent to Brande's Journal.</i>) + </center> + <p> + On the 16th of November, 1827, at a quarter past six o'clock + in the evening, the inhabitants of Bogota, in Colombia, were + thrown into the greatest consternation and alarm by the + severest shock of an earthquake which has ever been known to + visit that city. + </p> + <p> + At the moment of its occurrence, a subterraneous noise was + very distinctly heard, resembling the noise of a carriage + passing briskly over the pavement, and a white, thin, + transparent cloud was seen to hang over the city; this cloud + has been noticed in Italy, as generally, if not always, + present, near the volcanic commotions of that country, + previously, and at the time of these commotions. This cloud + is entirely unlike any other which I have ever noticed, and + resembles a thin gauze veil. I noticed it not only upon this + occasion, but also in the earthquake of June 17th, 1826, in + this city.<a id="footnotetag2" + name="footnotetag2"></a><a href="#footnote2"><sup>2</sup></a> + </p> + <p> + The earthquake took a direction from S.E. to N.W., in which + it could plainly be traced by the havoc which it made. Its + effects on the city were partial in the above direction, but + every part was convulsed. + </p> + <p> + The confusion and affliction which such a calamity occasions, + particularly in a catholic country, can neither be imagined, + nor described. I was sitting reading in a small house of one + story above the ground-floor, when the trembling commenced; + the table on which my book lay, first shook, and almost at + the same instant the chair on which I sat; I immediately got + on my legs, but found much difficulty in sustaining myself + without holding by some fixture; the house all this time + rocking to and fro as in a hurricane, but not a breath of air + stirred. After passing ten or more seconds in this way, I + collected my reason sufficiently to run down the steps into + the street; all this time the earth was in motion. When I + arrived at the portal of the door, I found it impossible to + stand without holding very tight by the doorway, and many + persons fell on their faces. During these moments, part of + the house adjoining mine fell with a terrible crash, and the + street was filled with a cloud of dust, out of which emerged + a man distorted with horror, but who had almost miraculously + escaped immolation, without any other hurt than what his + fright had occasioned. After continuing a <i>minute or + more</i>, the trembling ceased, and nothing could now be + heard but the cries of the people; with that exception all + was still and silent, and the stars appeared with all their + brilliancy, as if smiling at this scene of human distress. + Some persons asserted, that there were two distinct shocks, + but I must confess I felt the earth in motion during the + whole period of a minute or more; and being situated over the + direction which the earthquake took, was therefore, better + able to judge of this than others who were more distant, and + particularly as I retained my presence of mind. Fortunately + for me my house was well built, for had it fallen I should + inevitably have been buried in the ruins. To describe the + scene which ensued is difficult; the streets were filled with + despair; some entirely and others half naked were seen on + their knees imploring divine protection; no one knew what to + do or where to fly, for all were in the same consternation + and distress. After this had a little subsided, the city + became soon deserted, and a fresh scene presented itself; all + those who had horses were seen scampering through the streets + towards the plain, to elude the terror of another shock; + others on foot <span class="pagenum"><a id="page21" + name="page21"></a>[pg 21]</span> with their beds on their + backs; and the sick, wrapped up in blankets, were conveyed in + arm-chairs, with two sticks passed underneath them to form + sedan-chairs, and some were conveyed in hammocks. This + afflicting sight, accompanied by the cries of the distressed + and the melancholy chant of their progress, was painful in + the extreme; and hard, indeed, must be that heart who could + view it with indifference; yet such was the apathy occasioned + by terror, that scarcely any one offered assistance to his + neighbour, and frequently neglected his own safety. When all + was quiet I went out to examine the city. The first thing + which attracted my notice was the turret of the stately + cathedral partly demolished, and the building split and + cracked in various places; the precious stones, consisting of + diamonds, emeralds, and topazes, which adorned the interior, + were scattered in all directions, and many of them broken, + particularly a very large emerald weighing some ounces. This + edifice had but just been repaired from the effects of the + earthquake in the preceding year, and was, by this last, + reduced to a tattered ruin. In all the streets which ran in + the direction of N.W. and S.E., many houses were "levelled + with the dust," and others "rent in twain;" and some of the + unfortunate inhabitants buried beneath their ruins. In all, + fourteen persons have lost their lives; and the damage done + to the city is estimated to be at least six millions of + dollars, although it did not contain a larger population than + 30,000 souls. Deserted streets, heaps of ruins, and tottering + houses, threatening to crush the beholder, give but a faint + idea of this desolate picture. General Soublette and General + Bolivar were both present at the last fatal earthquake in + Caraccas, and they both assert that this, of which I have now + given a description, was at least as powerful, although the + suffering in the town of Caraccas was much greater; and they + attribute the happy escape of thousands of lives to the + difference in the construction of houses in the two places. + General Bolivar, as well as myself and others, were affected + with sickness at the stomach after the shock. During the + night of the earthquake in Bogota, on the 16th of November, + 1827, tremulous motions of the earth were continually felt, + and the following day, and every other since; and even whilst + I am now writing, slight undulating motions are perceptible. + </p> + <p> + Every person is still in the greatest alarm, dreading a + second severe shock, which happened last year at the distance + of four days from the first grand shock; should this happen + now, scarcely one stone will remain upon another in Bogota. + </p> + <hr class="full" /> + <h2> + THE DRAUGHTSMAN;<a id="footnotetag3" + name="footnotetag3"></a><a href="#footnote3"><sup>3</sup></a> + OR, HINTS ON LANDSCAPE PAINTING. + </h2> + <h3> + OBSERVATIONS ON, AND RULES FOR, SKETCHING. + </h3> + <p> + The following hints, tending to further the tyro's progress + in the delightful art of drawing, will not I trust prove + unacceptable to such of your readers as are interested in the + subject. For my own use I epitomized various directions + relative to sketching, when I met with them in Gilpin's + "Three Essays on Picturesque Beauty," and I shall feel + particularly happy should my attempt at condensing much + artistical matter from that interesting volume prove useful + to the <i>amateur</i>: the <i>professor</i> undergoes a + regular, severe, but <i>essential</i> course of study in that + beautiful art, which is to purchase for him fame and + emolument; but he who takes up his pencil merely for pastime, + will do well to regulate its movements by a few <i>rules</i>, + not cumbrous to the memory, and of easy application.—It + is my intention briefly to state the object of Gilpin's first + and second essays; from the third I have deduced those + <i>rules for sketching</i> which appeared most obviously to + result from the tenour of his observations:— + </p> + <p> + Essay 1st discusses the difference between <i>actual</i> and + <i>picturesque</i> beauty; <i>smoothness</i> is usually + allowed to enter into our ideas of the former, but + <i>roughness</i>, or <i>ruggedness</i> is decidedly + <i>essential</i> to the latter: for example—The smooth + shaven lawn, the neatly turned walk, the classic marble + portico, &c. &c. are <i>beautiful</i>; but the ruined + castle, the chasmed mountain, the tempestuous ocean, &c. + are <i>picturesque</i>, i.e. with appropriate accompaniments; + for, after remarking that the sublime and beautiful are, with + many persons, the divisions of the <i>picturesque</i>, our + acute observer of nature adds, "sublimity alone cannot make + an object picturesque," it must in form, colour, or + accompaniment, have some degree of <i>beauty</i> to render + the epithet just. "Nothing can be more <i>sublime</i> than + the ocean, but wholly unaccompanied it has little of the + picturesque." It should also be remembered that objects of + rough and careless contour, as the worn cart-horse, and the + tattered beggar (neither of them laying claim to an iota of + <i>sublimity</i>) please better in a painting, than the + sleekest <span class="pagenum"><a id="page22" + name="page22"></a>[pg 22]</span> racer, and the most finished + belle of the <i>Magazin des Modes</i>.<a id="footnotetag4" + name="footnotetag4"></a><a href="#footnote4"><sup>4</sup></a> + </p> + <p> + Essay 2nd treats of travelling, as far as it regards the + <i>picturesque</i>, which is to be sought in natural, and + sometimes artificial, objects; these will constantly present + themselves to the observer under all the varieties of light + and shadow, and the different combinations of colour, form, + and accompaniment, sometimes producing whole landscapes, but + more frequently only beautiful parts of scenery. The + <i>curious</i> and <i>fantastic</i> forms of nature are not + subjects for the pencil,—and the draughtsman will + endeavour to depict <i>animate</i> as well as inanimate + objects. The utility and amusement of travelling, are also + considered in this essay, and hints thrown out for the + improvement of barren and disagreeable country, by the + observation of lights and shadows, tints of the season, + distances, &c., with a recommendation to supply, if + possible, every hiatus of nature, by the <i>imagination</i> + of all that is needed to render her perfectly picturesque. + (An ingenious idea; but, alas! mountains will not always rise + in a marsh, forests wave over a sterile heath, nor lakes and + rivers adorn a wheat-field. This essay, however, is worthy + the perusal of travellers even, who never touched a pencil.) + </p> + <p> + Essay 3rd treats of sketching from nature from whence are + deduced the following + </p> + <center> + <i>Rules.</i> + </center> + <p> + 1. Every landscape should have a <i>leading subject</i>; a + rule too much neglected even by superior artists. + </p> + <p> + 2. Get the object, or subject you design to copy, into the + <i>best</i> point of view. + </p> + <p> + 3. Landscape consists of three general + parts:—fore-ground, middle or second-ground, and + distance; in sketching foreground, it is a good rule to have + some part of it higher than the rest of the picture. + (<i>Vide</i> Rule the 7th.) + </p> + <p> + 4. Mark the principal parts, (or points) of your landscape on + paper, that you may more readily ascertain the relative + distances and situations of the others. + </p> + <p> + 5. Pay attention to the <i>character</i> of your subject; + mingle not <i>trivial</i> with <i>grand</i> details. + </p> + <p> + 6. One landscape must not be crowded with circumstances + sufficient for two or more. + </p> + <p> + 7. It is sufficient to give the principal feature of what you + essay to represent; as a castle, abbey, bridge, &c.; but + its accompaniments may (and to <i>make a picture</i>, should) + be often different. The <i>fore-ground</i> of a drawing + <i>must</i> be the artist's own; and it should be ample, + since an extended distance, and a narrow fore-ground is + always awkward and bad in a picture—N.B. Taste and + observation will direct the student to select for his + fore-ground, clusters of trees, pieces of rock, or the + fragments of ruined fabrics, &c., according to the nature + of his subject. + </p> + <p> + 8. On the accurate observation of <i>distances</i> the beauty + of landscape depends; be careful therefore to get them + correct at your outset, and to keep them so, by shading + lightly with pen or brush your black-lead sketch, (should the + parts be complicated,) whilst the view is before you, or + fresh in your memory. + </p> + <p> + 9. The hand should be accustomed to the touch of various + kinds of trees, though in a mere <i>sketch</i>, little + variety is required; the distinction, however, between full + foliaged, and straggling, branchy trees must be preserved, + for both are necessary even in a sketch, and the artist + should therefore be prepared to represent them. + </p> + <p> + 10. The artist must attend to the composition, and the + disposition of his subject. By the <i>composition</i> may be + understood the objects with which he composes his view; by + the <i>disposition</i>, their picturesque and tasteful + arrangement. + </p> + <p> + 11. Figures, must be such as are appropriate to the scene; + thus, history in miniature is bad, because a landscape is in + itself a subject sufficient for the employment both of pencil + and eye; therefore historical figures in a view, are lost and + out of place. + </p> + <p> + 12. Birds may be introduced with good effect, if thrown into + proper distance; to represent them <i>near</i> is absurd: + ruins and sea views are the best subjects in which they can + appear. + </p> + <p> + 13. <i>Effect</i> is to be produced best, by strong contrasts + of <i>light</i> and <i>shade</i> both in earth and sky; but + the student's taste must determine where these shall fall, + and though the contrasts should be strong, yet + <i>gradation</i>, in both, must be observed. + </p> + <p> + 14. A predominancy of <i>shade</i> has the best effect; and + light, though it should not be scattered, must not be drawn, + as it were, into one focus. + </p> + <p> + 15. The light, in a picture, is best disposed when the + fore-ground is in shadow, and it falls in the middle; but + this rule is subject to many variations. Light + <span class="pagenum"><a id="page23" name="page23"></a>[pg + 23]</span> should rarely be spread on the + distance.<a id="footnotetag5" + name="footnotetag5"></a><a href="#footnote5"><sup>5</sup></a> + </p> + <p> + 16. It is useful to know, that the shadows of morning are + darker than those of evening; also, that when objects are in + <i>shadow</i>, their light (as it is then a reflected light,) + falls on the opposite side to that on which it would come if + they were enlightened. + </p> + <p> + 17. The <i>harmony</i> of the whole should be studied; if the + piece strikes you as defective in this respect, place it at + evening in some situation where it will not be reached by a + strong light, when the misplaced lights and shadows will + strike you more forcibly than in the glare of day. + </p> + <p> + 18. To stain your paper with a slight reddish or yellowish + tint, adds to the harmony of a sketch, yet it is a mere + matter of taste; but, when it is desired, it had better be + done after the drawing is completed, otherwise the colour + risks looking patched from the rubber.<a id="footnotetag6" + name="footnotetag6"></a><a href="#footnote6"><sup>6</sup></a> + </p> + <p> + 19. In <i>colouring</i>, the <i>sky</i> gives the <i>ruling + tint</i> to the landscape; it is absurd to unite a noonday + sky, with a landscape of sunset glow. + </p> + <p> + 20. From the three virgin colours, red, blue, and yellow, all + the tints of nature are composed.<a id="footnotetag7" + name="footnotetag7"></a><a href="#footnote7"><sup>7</sup></a> + There is not in nature a perfect white, except snow, and the + petals of some flowers. + </p> + <p> + 21. Sketch nothing but what you can <i>adorn</i>, (for the + purpose of showing to friends, &c.) but do not adorn your + first, or <i>rough</i> sketch; <i>make another</i>, and refer + to your <i>original</i> draught, as you would do to the view + itself, for it contains your <i>general ideas</i>—your + first and freshest, which may be lost by endeavouring to + refine and improve upon them in the original + sketch.<a id="footnotetag8" + name="footnotetag8"></a><a href="#footnote8"><sup>8</sup></a> + </p> + <p> + 22. In adorning your sketch, figures, both animate and + inanimate, may be introduced, but <i>sparingly</i>; touch + them slightly, for an attempt at <i>finish</i> offends. + </p> + <p> + I shall take the liberty of adding—endeavour to get a + free and flowing outline; be not too minute either in detail + or finishing; use pen or brush for your <i>rough</i> sketch + in preference to pencil; you will gain confidence, and + <i>correctness</i> will be your aim in your <i>adorned</i> + copy. Finally, study nature, art, and good writers. + </p> + <h4> + M.L.B. + </h4> + <hr class="full" /> + <h2> + FINE ARTS. + </h2> + <p> + (<i>To the Editor of the Mirror.</i>) + </p> + <p> + Sir,—I have made repeated visits this season to the + exhibition of the works of the old masters at the <i>British + Institution</i>, for the express purpose of presenting you + with <i>a few remarks</i> on some of the most excellent + paintings. As I have strictly adhered to the notes which I + made at the institution, the accuracy of the subjoined may be + depended upon:— + </p> + <h3> + BRITISH INSTITUTION. + </h3> + <p> + The present exhibition consists of the works of the Italian, + Spanish, Flemish, and Dutch masters. There are one hundred + and ninety pictures, which have chiefly been contributed to + the institution by his Majesty and the nobility. + </p> + <p> + No. 5, <i>Innocent the Tenth</i>, by Velasquez, is an + uncommon fine portrait; it is very boldly executed, combining + at the same time a sufficient degree of finish and great + beauty of colour. His holiness is represented in quite a + plain habit. The beauties of Guido's pencil will be traced in + No. 6, <i>Hippomenes and Atalanta</i>. Claude, in his + <i>Embarkation of St. Paul; Sea Port, Evening, &c.</i>, + charms us with his exquisite effects, which are so truly + natural, that, while we view his representations, we may + almost fancy ourselves transported to the magnificent scenery + of Italy. In No. 42, <i>Titian's Daughter</i>, are seen the + genuine tints adopted by the Venetian school of painting. No. + 56, <i>St. Appolonia</i>, by Sebastian del Piombo, is a most + admirable specimen of the master. No. 74, <i>Landscape and + Cattle</i>, by Paul Potter, contains all that beauty of touch + and delicacy of colour which render this famous artist so + difficult to imitate. There are several very capital pictures + by the younger Teniers; No. 77, <i>his own portrait</i>, and + No. 95, <i>portrait of the painter and his son</i>, are truly + excellent; as is No. 94, <i>Figures playing at Bowls</i>. A + remarkable and very forcible effect is found in No. 93, + <i>The outside of a House with Figures</i>—painted by + De Hooge. Nos. 121 and 123, <i>Flowers and Fruit</i>, by the + celebrated Van Huysum, are extremely elaborate in their + execution. No. 161, <i>The Battle</i> + <span class="pagenum"><a id="page24" name="page24"></a>[pg + 24]</span> <i>between Constantine and Maxentius</i>, is a + sketch by Rubens, possessing wonderful fire and spirit, as + well as great mellowness of colour. + </p> + <p> + Besides the above pictures, there are many beautiful + productions by Jan Steen, Cuyp, Poussin, Salvator Rosa, + Guercino, Domenichino, Murillo, Albano, Vandyke, Ruysdael, + Houdekoeter, Wouvermans, &c. + </p> + <h4> + G.W.N. + </h4> + <hr /> + <h3> + ANCIENT ROMAN FESTIVALS. + </h3> + <hr /> + <center> + JULY. + </center> + <p> + The <i>Caprotinia</i>, or feasts of Juno Caprotina, were + celebrated on the 9th of July, in favour of the female + slaves. During this solemnity they ran about, beating + themselves with their fists and with rods. None but women + assisted in the sacrifices offered at this feast. Kennet + says, the origin of this feast, or the famous <i>Nonae + Caprotinae</i>, or <i>Poplifugium</i>, is doubly related by + Plutarch, according to the two common opinions. First, + because Romulus disappeared on that day, when an assembly + being held in the <i>Palus Capreae</i>, or + <i>Goats'-Marsh</i>, on a sudden happened a most wonderful + tempest, accompanied with terrible thunder, and other unusual + disorders in the air. The common people fled all away to + secure themselves; but, after the tempest was over, could + never find their king. Or, else, from <i>Caprificus</i>, a + wild fig-tree, because, in the Gallic war, a Roman virgin, + who was prisoner in the enemy's camp, got up into a wild + fig-tree, and holding out a lighted torch toward the city, + gave the Romans a signal to fall on; which they did with such + good success, as to obtain a considerable victory. + </p> + <p> + The <i>Lucaria</i> was an ancient feast, solemnized in the + woods, where the Romans, defeated and pursued by the Gauls, + retired and concealed themselves; it was held, on the 19th of + July, in a wood, between the Tyber and the road called Via + Salaria. + </p> + <p> + The feast of <i>Neptunalia</i> was held on the 23rd of July, + in honour of Neptune. + </p> + <p> + The <i>Furinalia</i> were feasts instituted in honour of + <i>Furina</i>, the goddess of robbers among the Romans; they + took place on the 25th of July. This goddess had a temple at + Rome, and was served by a particular priest, who was one of + the fifteen Flamens.<a id="footnotetag9" + name="footnotetag9"></a><a href="#footnote9"><sup>9</sup></a> + Near the temple there was a sacred wood, in which Caius + Gracchus was killed. Cicero takes her to be the same as one + of the Furies. + </p> + <h4> + P.T.W. + </h4> + <hr class="full" /> + <h2> + NOTES OF A READER. + </h2> + <hr /> + <h3> + CAPTAIN POPANILLA'S VOYAGE. + </h3> + <p> + Who has not read <i>Vivian Grey</i>, in five broad-margined + volumes, with space enough between each line to allow the + indulgence of a nap, when the poppy of the author + predominated? Affectation, foppery, and conceit, have + protracted the memoirs of this renowned personage to such an + extent; but in spite of all that unfashionable critics have + said, Vivian Grey has just produced a volume under the title + of the Voyage of <i>Captain Popanilla</i>, with as much of + the aforesaid qualities as the most listless drawing-room or + boudoir reader could require. Nevertheless, "the voyage" has + many touches of wit, humour, and caustic satire, and it has + the soul and characteristic of wit—<i>brevity</i>; for + we read the volume in little more than an hour; and, although + Vivian may regard our analysis of his voyage like showing the + sun with a lantern, we are disposed to venture upon the task + for the gratification of our readers. + </p> + <p> + To say that Popanilla resembles Swift's "Tale of a Tub," or + Sir Thomas More's "Utopia," would be an advantageous + comparison for our modern <i>voyager</i>, but it would not + sufficiently illustrate the character of his work, since the + latter books are so much less read than talked of. Swift + wrote "for the universal improvement of mankind," but + Popanilla publishes for the benefit of the people of England, + whom he represents as living in a too artificial state. He + tells his story as the native of an Indian isle, whose men + combine "the vivacity of a faun with the strength of a + Hercules, and the beauty of an Adonis," and whose women + "magically sprung from the brilliant foam of that ocean, + which is gradually subsiding before them." This favoured spot + he calls the <i>Isle of Fantaisie</i>, about the shores of + which appears a remarkable fish, or rather a ship, to the no + small terror of the islanders. The ship is wrecked, and + Popanilla "having in his fright, during the storm, lost a + lock of hair which, in a moment of glorious favour, he had + ravished from his fair mistress' brow," is next introduced in + search of this precious <i>bijou</i>. "The favourite of all + the women, the envy of all the men, &c. &c, + and—you know the rest,—Popanilla passed an + extremely pleasant life. No one was a better judge of + wine—no one had a better taste for fruit—no one + danced with more elegant vivacity—and no one whispered + compliments in a more meaning tone. What a pity that such an + <span class="pagenum"><a id="page25" name="page25"></a>[pg + 25]</span> amiable fellow should have got into such a + scrape!" + </p> + <p> + Instead of the dear lock, Popanilla finds a chest saved from + the wreck, and filled with "Useful Knowledge Tracts," books + on "the Hamiltonian system," &c. which our adventurer, + like Faustus and his bible, turns to bad account; he falls + asleep, is swallowed by a whale, and spouted forth again. + "The dreamer awoke amidst real chattering, and scuffling, and + clamour. A troop of green monkeys had been aroused by his + unusual occupation, and had taken the opportunity of his + slumber to become acquainted with some of the first + principles of science. What progress they had made it is + difficult to ascertain. It is said, however, that some + monkeys have been since seen skipping about the island, with + their tails cut off; and that they have even succeeded in + passing themselves for human beings among those people who do + not read novels, and are consequently unacquainted with + mankind. As for Popanilla, he took up a treatise on + hydrostatics, and read it straight through on the spot. For + the rest of the day he was hydrostatically mad; nor could the + commonest incident connected with the action or conveyance of + water take place, without his speculating on its cause and + consequence." So much for the first steps of "intellect;" now + for the "march." Popanilla soon becomes a man of science: his + wit flies off in tangents, and he tries to prove his + sovereign a lantern, and himself a sun,<a id="footnotetag10" + name="footnotetag10"></a><a href="#footnote10"><sup>10</sup></a> + by undertaking to re-shape all the institutions of Fantaisie. + Then follow a string of dogmas about utility, &c.; and + man being a <i>developing animal</i>, till he decides that + "there is no such thing as Nature; Nature is Art, or Art is + Nature; that which is most useful is most natural, because + utility is the test of Nature; therefore, a steam-engine is + in fact a much more natural production than a mountain." + Here, observing a smile upon his majesty's countenance, + Popanilla tells the king that he is only a chief magistrate, + and he has no more right to laugh at him than a constable. + This is "too bad" for the royal mind; Popanilla is cut; + rather crest-fallen, he sneaks home, and consoles himself for + having nobody to speak to, by reading some very amusing + "Conversations on Political Economy." But he sinks to rise + again. He obtains many pupils, who had no sooner mastered the + first principles of science, than they began to throw off + their retired habits and uncommunicative manners. "Being not + utterly ignorant of some of the rudiments of knowledge, and + consequently having completed their education, it was now + their duty, as members of society, to instruct and not to + study; and on all occasions they seized opportunities of + assisting the spread of knowledge. The voices of boys + lecturing upon every lecturable topic, resounded in every + part of the island. Their tones were so shrill, their manners + so presuming, their knowledge so crude, and their general + demeanour so completely unamiable, that it was impossible to + hear them without the greatest, delight, advantage, and + admiration." The king at last becomes impregnated with the + liberal spirit of the age; Popanilla is "sent for" to court; + he is overpowered with promotion, told that "with the aid of + a treatise or two," he will make "a consummate naval + commander," although he has "never been at sea in the whole + course of his life," and at length thrust into a canoe, with + some fresh water, bread, fruit, dried fish, and a basket of + alligator pears. "Unhappy Popanilla! and all from that + unlucky lock of hair!" His fright is ludicrously sketched. + "Poor fellow! how could he know better? He certainly had + enjoyed a seat at the Admiralty Board of Fantaisie, but then + he was a lay-lord." Among his discoveries, on the second day, + at 25 m. past 3 p.m., though at a considerable distance, he + saw a mountain and an island: he called the first Alligator + Mountain, in gratitude to the pears; and christened the + second after his mistress; but the happy discoverer further + found the mountain to be a mist, and the island a sea-weed. + At length, on the third day, after being in a valley formed + by two waves, each 3,000 feet high, and in as tremendous a + tempest as ever raged in Chelsea or Battersea-reach, "great, + square and solid, black clouds drew off like curtains, and + revealed to him a magnificent city rising out of the sea. + Tower and dome, arch, and column, and spire, and obelisk, and + lofty terraces, and many-windowed palaces, rose in all + directions from a mass of building, which appeared each + instant to grow more huge, till at length it seemed to occupy + the whole horizon." On his landing he is pestered with + questions from the natives; but, thanks to the Hamiltonian + system, "Popanilla, under these circumstances, was more + loquacious than could have been Capt. Parry." He announces + himself as the "most injured of human beings;" the women + weep, the men shake hands with him, and all the boys huzza: + he then narrates his ill-fortunes at Fantaisie, not + forgetting the never-enough-to-be-lamented lock of hair. + Other danger awaits him, for "to be strangled was not much + better than to be <span class="pagenum"><a id="page26" + name="page26"></a>[pg 26]</span> starved; and certainly with + half a dozen highly respectable females clinging round his + neck, he was not reminded, for the first time in his life, + what a domestic bowstring is an affectionate woman." He is + next joined by an "influential personage," who informs him + that he is in <i>Hubbabub</i> (London)—the largest + city, not only that exists, but that ever did exist, and the + capital of the Island of <i>Vraibleusia</i>, the most famous + island, not only that is known, but that ever was known. "He + provides himself with a purse, and exchanges his money with a + banker, who offers him during his stay in Vraibleusia, the + use of a couple of equipages, a villa, an opera box; insists + upon sending to his hotel some pineapples and very rare wine; + and gives him a perpetual ticket to his picture-gallery. + Popanilla leaves his gold and takes the banker's pink shells, + for "no genteel person has ever anything else in his pocket." + Then follow some quips on the shell question (currency), and + Mr. Secretary Perriwinkle, the most eminent conchologist, and + the "debt" of the richest nation in the world; although, "a + golden pyramid, with a base as big as the whole earth and an + apex touching the heavens, would not supply sufficient metal + to satisfy the creditors." "The annual interest upon our debt + exceeds the whole wealth of the rest of the world; therefore + we must be the richest nation in the world." + </p> + <p> + Our traveller being now settled at a splendid hotel in + Hubbabub, Skindeep, his "gentleman in black," drives him + about the city in an elegant equipage. The western migrations + of fashion are humorously sketched, and the architecture of + our metropolis comes in for a share of the author's banter. + "In general, the massy Egyptian appropriately graced the + attic stories; while the finer and more elaborate + architecture of Corinth was placed on a level with the eye, + so that its beauties might be more easily discovered. + Spacious colonnades were flanked by porticoes, surmounted by + domes; nor was the number of columns at all limited, for you + occasionally met with porticoes of two tiers, the lower one + of which consisted of three, the higher one of thirty + columns. Pedestals of the purest Ionic Gothic, were + ingeniously mixed with Palladian pediments; and the surging + spire exquisitely harmonized with the horizontal architecture + of the ancients. But, perhaps, after all, the most charming + effect was produced by the pyramids, surmounted by + weathercocks." + </p> + <p> + A lively sketch of "the aboriginal inhabitant" introduces + some smart satire on the agriculturists, and proves that, + "between force, and fear, and flattery, the Vraibleusians + paid for their corn nearly its weight in gold; but what did + it signify to a nation with so many pink shells." Popanilla + is next introduced to an eminent bookseller, who craves the + honour of publishing a narrative of his voyage: he informs + the "mercantile Mecaenas" that he does not know how to write; + who replies that "he never had for a moment supposed that so + sublime a savage could possess such a vulgar accomplishment, + and that it was by no means difficult for a man to publish + his travels without writing a line." This is a stale affair; + but Popanilla's drinking a dozen of the bookseller's wine + smacks more of novelty. His voyage is published, and contains + a detailed account of every thing which took place during the + whole of the three days, forming a quarto volume! Then we + have a shower of squibs on <i>converzazioni</i>—as + dukes imbibing a new theory of gas, a prime-minister studying + pinmaking, a bishop the escapements of watches, a + field-marshal intent on essence of hellebore. "But what most + delighted Popanilla was hearing a lecture from the most + eminent lawyer and statesman in Vraibleusia, on his first and + favourite study of hydrostatics. His associations quite + overcame him; all Fantaisie rushed upon his memory, and he + was obliged to retire to a less frequented part of the room, + to relieve his too excited feelings." The hostess too + declares it "impossible for mankind ever to be happy and + great, until, like herself and her friends," her company are + "all soul!" + </p> + <p> + Popanilla is now constituted ambassador from Fantaisie, and + goes through all the courtly scenes of diplomacy, for which + we have not room; but their gist will be readily understood + among the stars of St. James's, especially the authors + allusions to Navarino and the late ministry, which are in + good set terms. The "Aboriginal," too, tells Popanilla "some + long stories about a person who was chief manager, about five + hundred years ago, to whom he said he was indebted for all + his political principles." + </p> + <p> + During Popanilla's sight-seeing career, he, of course, visits + our theatres, and a tolerably broad caricature he gives of + them. "To sit in a huge room hotter than a glass-house, in a + posture emulating the most sanctified Faquir, with a + throbbing head-ache, a breaking back, and twisted legs, with + a heavy tube held over one eye, and the other covered with + the unemployed hand, is, in Vraibleusia, called a public + amusement." In one morning's lionizing, too, he acquires "a + general knowledge of the chief arts and sciences, eats three + <span class="pagenum"><a id="page27" name="page27"></a>[pg + 27]</span> hundred sandwiches, and tastes as many bottles of + sherry." + </p> + <p> + The frauds and fooleries of the joint stock company mania + are, perhaps, among the least successful portion of the + volume. The "literature" is somewhat better, as the + establishment of a "Society for the Diffusion of Fashionable + Knowledge"—its first treatise, + Nonchalance—dissertations "on leaving cards," "cutting + friends," "on bores," &c.—and a new novel called + "Burlington"—the last a scratch at Popanilla's + publisher. The "Clubs" are next recommended for those fond of + solitude, and their satin luxuries humorously quizzed; but + "the Colonial System," which follows, has more causticity. + Popanilla, like all other great foreigners who visit England, + falls ill; his disorder is "unquestionably nervous;" he is to + count five between each word he utters, never ask questions, + and avoid society, and only dine out once a day. This regimen + brings on a slow fever; but his disorder is neither "liver," + nor "nervous," but "mind." He next falls in with an Essay on + Fruit, from which he learns that thousands of the + Vraibleusians are dying with dyspepsia from eating + pine-apples, which are denounced as "stupid, sour, and + vulgar." + </p> + <p> + Popanilla is ordered by his physician to Blunderland, where + the women are "angelic," and the men "the most light-hearted, + merry, obliging, entertaining fellows;" and where "instead of + knives and forks being laid for the guests at dinner, the + plates are flanked by daggers and pistols." A "row" springs + up; "all the guests lay lifeless about the room;" "Popanilla + rang the bell, and the waiters swept away the dead bodies, + and brought him a roasted <i>potato</i> for supper." He next + enjoys the pleasures of the chase, and in revenge for a sharp + fire, "burns two villages, slays 2 or 300 head of women, and + bags children without number;" and in the evening Popanilla's + powers of digestion are improved. He now returns to + Vraibleusia, where all are <i>panic</i>-struck, and his + friend, the banker, unlike his "perpetual ticket," has + stopped payment, and all our traveller's resources. Popanilla + consoles him with the joke that "things were not quite so bad + as they appeared," till they get worse, by two gentlemen in + blue, with red waistcoats, arresting the ambassador for high + treason. This completes his "amusements." He fears "confined + cells, overwhelming fetters, black bread, and green water, in + the principal gaol in Hubbabub;" but becomes ensconced in + Leigh Hunt's "elegantly furnished apartment, with French + sash-windows and a piano. Its lofty walls were entirely hung + with a fanciful paper, representing a Tuscan vineyard; the + ceiling was covered with sky and clouds; roses were in + abundance; and the windows, though well secured, excited no + jarring associations in the mind of the individual they + illumined, protected as they were by polished bars of + cut-steel." + </p> + <p> + "Next to being a plenipotentiary, Popanilla preferred being a + prisoner. His daily meals consisted of every delicacy in + season; a marble bath was ever at his service; a + billiard-room and dumb-bells always ready; and his old + friends, the most eminent physician, and the most celebrated + practitioner in Hubbabub, called upon him daily to feel his + pulse and look at his tongue. These attentions authorized a + hope that he might yet again be an ambassador; that his + native land might still be discovered, and its resources + still be developed; but when his gaoler told him that the + rest of the prisoners were treated in a manner equally + indulgent, because the Vraibleusians are the most humane + people in the world, Popanilla's spirits became somewhat + depressed." + </p> + <p> + "He was greatly consoled, however, by a daily visit from a + body of the most beautiful, the most accomplished, and the + most virtuous females in Hubbabub, who tasted his food to see + that his cook did his duty, recommended him a plentiful use + of pine-apple well peppered, and made him a present of a very + handsome shirt, with worked frills and ruffles, to be hanged + in. This enchanting committee generally confined their + attentions to murderers, and other victims of the passions, + who were deserted in their hour of need by the rest of the + society they had outraged; but Popanilla being a foreigner, a + prince, and a plenipotentiary, and not ill-looking, naturally + attracted a great deal of notice from those who desire the + amelioration of their species." + </p> + <p> + "Popanilla was so pleased with his mode of life, and had + acquired such a taste for poetry, pine-apples, and pepper, + since he had ceased to be an active member of society, that + he applied to have his trial postponed, on the ground of the + prejudice which had been excited against him by the public + press. As his trial was at present inconvenient to the + government, the postponement was allowed on these grounds." + </p> + <p> + In the meantime, up jumps a public instructor, Flummery Flam, + who ascribes all the debt and distress to "a slight + over-trading," chatters about demand, supply, rent, wages, + profit, and, as a temporary relief, suggests "emigration." + "Flummery-Flammism triumphs, and every person, from the + managers down to the chalk-chewing mechanics, attend lectures + on that enlightening science." + </p> + <p> + At length Popanilla's trial comes on; the indictment is read; + he is accused of stealing 219 camelopards; perceives that he + has all the time been mistaken for another person: he is, + however, detained, on the judge of Fort Jobation informing + him, that in order to be tried in his court for a modern + offence of high treason, he must first be introduced by + fiction of law as a stealer of camelopards, and then being + <i>in praesenti regio</i>, in a manner, the business proceeds + by a special power for an absolute offence. This flummery is + too much; but every body with whom Popanilla had conversed + while in Vraibleusia is subpoenaed against him: the judge is + about to sum up, when a trumpet sounds, and a government + messenger presents a scroll, and informs him, that a + remarkably clever young man, recently appointed one of the + managers, had last night consolidated all the edicts into a + single act. The judge then compliments the young + consolidator, compared to whom, he said, Justinian was a + country attorney. Popanilla is found "not guilty, and kicked + out of court, amidst the hootings of the mob, without a stain + upon his reputation." He then falls senseless on the steps of + the Asiatic club-house, is recovered by the smell of + mulligatawney soup, and moralizes till he perceives "it is + possible for a nation to exist in too artificial a state." He + then sees the opposite house lit up, and the words + "Emigration Committee" written on a transparent blind. He + enters, finds the last Emigration squadron is about to sail + in a few minutes; is presented with a spade, blanket, and + hard biscuit, and quits the port of Hubbabub: what became of + him will "probably be discovered, if ever we obtain + 'Popanilla's' second voyage"—and thus shuts to the + scene. + </p> + <p> + Here, gentle reader, you have the Captain's fun and + <i>badinage</i> on all the wonderful wonders of + Hubbabub—<i>videlicet</i> this wonderful town. They may + serve to while away some of the <i>ennui</i> of this season + of roast, bake, and broil, or be read aloud during the halt + of the "march of intellect" men. There are the principal + incidents of his voyage; if you wish to see them expanded, + consult the book itself—that is if you are gratified + with our abstract—if the reverse, let well alone, lest + you find it, like ceremony, "a penny-worth of spirit in a + glass of water." But recollect, Popanilla's adventures have + already been published in quarto. + </p> + <hr class="full" /> + <h2> + SPIRIT OF DISCOVERY. + </h2> + <hr /> + <center> + <i>Machine for Sharpening Knives at once,</i> + </center> + <p> + Consists of a number of steel cylinders grooved transversely, + and placed on two revolving axes parallel to each other, and + so that the bosses and recesses of the one fit into those of + the other cylinder. Along these the knife is drawn, and so is + immediately sharpened.—<i>London Jour. of Arts.</i> + </p> + <center> + <i>Influence of Electricity on the developement of Seeds.</i> + </center> + <p> + M. Astier has discovered that seeds which are electrified, + run through the first stages of vegetation more rapidly than + others, and that China roses submitted to this experiment, + produce flowers sooner, and in greater + abundance.—<i>From the French.</i> + </p> + <center> + <i>Botany.</i> + </center> + <p> + The number of different species of plants which have been + described is about 50,000; but botanists are generally agreed + that probably as many still remain undescribed; and, that the + number of vegetable species on the surface of the earth ought + not to be estimated under 100,000. We may be struck at the + amount of this number; but our astonishment abates when we + find that our own island, which is but a mere misty speck, + compared with those broad zones of sunshine, "where the + flowers ever brighten," contains about 1,500 native flowering + plants. Of those which have been described, about 8,000, or + nearly one-sixth, belong to the first of the two classes, and + of these nearly 2,000 are grasses. In cold and temperate + climates the species of this most interesting and important + family are comparatively diminutive in size. In our climate, + for instance, the grasses are somewhat remarkable among + vegetables for their humble stature, and their inconspicuous + appearance; while in the warmer regions of the earth, the + bamboos and canes, which are species of the same family, + emulate trees in height and beauty. But what our species want + in individual magnitude, is far more than compensated by the + comparative vastness of the number of individuals. In + tropical climates, one plant may be seen here, and another + there, which, in their size, astonish an European, when he is + told that they belong to the family of the grasses; but there + he would search in vain for those swards of grass, and green + meadows, with which almost the whole aspect of his own + climate is verdant. He might find one plant stately enough to + shade him from the torrid sun, and to harbour among its + boughs many a tropical bird with its + <span class="pagenum"><a id="page29" name="page29"></a>[pg + 29]</span> bright metallic plumage; but he could not find a + lea covered with lowing herds, or with bleating flocks, on + the soft sward of which he could lie down, and listen to the + lark that sings to him from heaven, sending down its clear + notes on the first sunbeams of spring. It is in temperate + climates—in those regions where man has made the + greatest advances in civilization—where the comforts + and conveniences of this life are most numerous around + him—and the realities of that which is to come are most + brightly seen above him—that this family of plants + exists in greatest economic value. It is one of the most + important in every climate; for it is from one species of + grass or other that the present numbers of men, as well as + the domestic animals that serve him, derive their sustenance. + The maize or Indian corn of the west; the rice of the east; + the wheat and other grains of the north; equally belong to + this tribe of plants.—<i>Quar. Jour. of Agriculture</i> + </p> + <center> + <i>Blight in Fruit Trees.</i> + </center> + <p> + Whenever you see the branch of a tree blighted, or eaten by + insects, procure a shoemaker's awl, and pierce the lower + extremity of the branch into the wood; then pour in two or + three drops of crude mercury, (which is the quicksilver in + common use) and stop up the hole with a small stick. In about + forty-eight hours, the insects, not only upon that branch, + but upon all the rest of the tree, will be destroyed, and the + blights <i>will immediately</i> cease. + </p> + <h4> + G.W.N. + </h4> + <center> + <i>On the Live Stock of Britain, France, &c.</i> + </center> + <p> + Dupin, in a work lately published, with a view to promote the + numbers and breeds of the live stock of France, states, that, + in Britain, the animal power is eleven times as great as the + manual power; while in France it is only four times as great; + hence, French labourers receive from animals only a third + part of the aid yielded by them in Britain. He also states, + that Great Britain consumes three times as much meat, milk, + and cheese, as France. The following is the number of horses + for every 1,000 inhabitants in the countries mentioned. + Hanover, 193; Sweden, 145; Canton de Vaud, (in Switzerland,) + 140; Great Britain, 100; Prussia, (six provinces) 95; France, + 79. Numbers, however, give a very imperfect idea of the + relative amount of horse power, the breeds being so various + in the different countries. + </p> + <center> + <i>Supposed Nervous System in Plants.</i> + </center> + <p> + M. Dutrochet, in a volume on the moving powers which act in + organized bodies, affirms, that there are seen on the walls + of the cellular and fibrous tissue of vegetables, small + semi-transparent globular bodies and linear bodies, which + become opaque from the action of acids, and are rendered + transparent by that of alkalies. He considers these small + bodies as the elements of a diffused nervous system, to the + action of which he ascribes the movements of plants, arising + from what is denominated by him the + <i>nervomotility</i>.—<i>From the French.</i> + </p> + <hr class="full" /> + <h2> + THE NOVELIST. + </h2> + <hr /> + <h3> + THE MARRIAGE LESSON. + </h3> + <p> + [We are indebted to the last Number (4) of the <i>Foreign + Quarterly Review</i> for the following lively nouvelette, + from the <i>Conde Lucanor</i> of the Infante Don Juan Manuel, + written in the beginning of the fourteenth century. It has + much of the <i>naïvete</i> and light humour peculiar to + the Spanish novelists, and, to quote the ingenious reviewer, + "besides its own merit, possesses that of some striking + resemblances to Shakspeare's <i>Taming of the Shrew</i>."] + </p> + <p> + In a certain town there lived a noble Moor, who had one son, + the best young man ever known perhaps in the world. He was + not, however, wealthy enough to enable him to accomplish half + the many laudable objects which his heart prompted him to + undertake; and for this reason he was in great perplexity, + having the will and not the power. Now in that same town + dwelt another Moor, far more honoured and rich than the + youth's father, and he too had an only daughter, who offered + a strange contrast to this excellent young man, her manners + being as violent and bad as his were good and pleasing, + insomuch that no man liked to think of an union with such an + infuriate shrew. + </p> + <p> + Now that good youth one day came to his father, and said, + "Father, I am well assured that you are not rich enough to + support me according to what I conceive becoming and + honourable. It will, therefore, be incumbent upon me to lead + a mean and indolent life, or to quit the country; so that if + it seem good unto you, I should prefer for the best to form + some marriage alliance, by which I may be enabled to open + myself a way to higher things." And the father replied, that + it would please him well if his son should be enabled to + marry according to his wishes. He then said to his father, + that if he thought he should be able to manage it, he should + be happy to have the only daughter of that good man given him + in marriage. Hearing this, the father was much surprised, and + answered, that as he understood the matter, there was not a + <span class="pagenum"><a id="page30" name="page30"></a>[pg + 30]</span> single man whom he knew, how poor soever he might + be, who would consent to marry such a vixen. And his son + replied, that he asked it as a particular favour that he + would bring about this marriage, and so far insisted, that + however strange he thought the request, his father gave his + consent. In consequence, he went directly to seek the good + man, with whom he was on the most friendly terms, and having + acquainted him with all that had passed, begged that he would + be pleased to bestow his daughter's hand upon his son, who + had courage enough to marry her. Now when the good man heard + this proposal from the lips of his best friend, he said to + him:—"Good God, my friend, if I were to do any such + thing, I should serve you a very bad turn; for you possess an + excellent son, and it would be a great piece of treachery on + my part, if I were to consent to make him so unfortunate, and + become accessory to his death. Nay I may say worse than + death, for better would it be for him to be dead than to be + married to my daughter! And you must not think that I say + thus much to oppose your wishes; for as to that matter, I + should be well pleased to give her to your son, or to any + body's son, who would be foolish enough to rid my house of + her." To this his friend replied, that he felt very sensibly + the kind motives which led him to speak thus; and intreated + that, as his son seemed so bent upon the match, he would be + pleased to give the lady in marriage. He agreed, and + accordingly the ceremony took place. The bride was brought to + her husband's house, and it being a custom with the Moors to + give the betrothed a supper and to set out the feast for + them, and then to take leave and return to visit them on the + ensuing day, the ceremony was performed accordingly. However, + the fathers and mothers, and all the relations of the bride + and bridegroom went away with many misgivings, fearing that + when they returned the ensuing day they should either find + the young man dead, or in some very bad plight indeed. + </p> + <p> + So it came to pass, that as soon as the young people were + left alone, they seated themselves at the table, and before + the dreaded bride had time to open her lips, the bridegroom, + looking behind him, saw stationed there his favourite mastiff + dog, and he said to him somewhat sharply, "Mr. Mastiff, bring + us some water for our hands;" and the dog stood still, and + did not do it. His master then repeated the order more + fiercely, but the dog stood still as before. His master then + leaped up in a great passion from the table, and seizing his + sword, ran towards the mastiff, who, seeing him coming, ran + away, leaping over the chairs and tables and the fire, trying + every place to make his escape, with the bridegroom hard in + pursuit of him. At length reaching the dog, he smote off his + head with his sword, then hewed off his legs, and all his + body, until the whole place was covered with blood. He then + resumed his place at table, all covered as he was with gore; + and soon casting his eyes around, he beheld a lap-dog, and + commanded him to bring him water for his hands, and because + he was not obeyed, he said, "How, false traitor! see you not + the fate of the mastiff, because he would not do as I + commanded him? I vow, that if you offer to contend one moment + with me, I will treat thee to the same fare as I did the + mastiff;" and when he found it was not done, he arose, seized + him by the legs, and dashing him against the wall, actually + beat his brains out, showing even more rage than against the + poor mastiff. Then in a great passion he returned to the + table, and cast his eyes about on all sides, while his bride, + fearful that he had taken leave of his senses, ventured not + to utter a word. At length he fixed his eyes upon his horse + that was standing before the door, though he had only that + one; and he commanded him to bring him water, which the horse + did not do. "How now, Mr. Horse," cried the husband, "do you + imagine, because I have only you, that I shall suffer you to + live, and not do as I command you! No! I will inflict as hard + a death upon you as upon the others; yea, there is no living + thing I have in the world which I will spare, if I be not + obeyed." But the horse stood where he was, and his master + approaching with the greatest rage, smote off his head, and + cut him to pieces with his sword. And when his wife saw that + he had actually killed his horse, having no other, and heard + him declare he would do the same to any creature that + ventured to disobey him, she found that he had by no means + done it by way of jest, and took such an alarm, that she + hardly knew if she were dead or alive. For all covered with + gore as he was, he again seated himself at table, swearing + that though he had a thousand horses or wives, or servants, + if they refused to do his behest, he would kill them all; and + he again began to look around him, holding his sword in his + hand. And after he had looked well round him, and found no + living thing near him, he turned his eyes fiercely towards + his wife, and said in a great passion, "Get up, and bring me + some water to wash my hands!" and his wife, expecting nothing + less than to be cut to pieces, rose in a great hurry, and + giving him water for his <span class="pagenum"><a id="page31" + name="page31"></a>[pg 31]</span> hands, said to him, "Ah, how + I ought to return thanks to God, who inspired you with the + thought of doing as you have done! for otherwise, owing to + the wrong treatment of my foolish friends, I should have + behaved the same to you as to them." Afterwards he commanded + her to help him to something to eat, and that in such a tone, + that she felt as if her head were on the point of dropping + off upon the floor; so that in this way was the understanding + between them settled during that night, and she never spoke, + but only did every thing which he required her to do. After + they had reposed some time, her husband said, "The passion I + have been put into this night hinders me from sleeping; get + up, and see that nobody comes to disturb me, and prepare for + me something well cooked to eat." + </p> + <p> + When it came full day, and the fathers, mothers, and other + relatives arrived at the door, they all listened, and hearing + no one speak, at first concluded that the unfortunate man was + either dead, or mortally wounded by his ferocious bride. In + this they were the more confirmed when they saw the bride + standing at the door, and the bridegroom not there. But when + the lady saw them advancing, she walked gently on tiptoe + towards them, and whispered, "False friends, as you are, how + dared you to come up to the door in that way, or to say a + word! Be silent! as you value your lives, and mine also." And + when they were all made acquainted with what she said, they + greatly wondered; but when they learnt all that had passed + during the night, their wonder was changed into admiration of + the young man, for having so well known how to manage what + concerned him, and to maintain order in his house. And from + that day forth, so excellently was his wife governed, and + well-conditioned in every respect, that they led a very + pleasant life together. Such, indeed, was the good example + set by the son-in-law, that a few days afterwards the + father-in-law, desirous of the same happy change in his + household, also killed a horse; but his wife only said to + him, "By my faith, Don Fulano, you have thought of this plan + somewhat too late in the day; we are now too well acquainted + with each other." + </p> + <hr class="full" /> + <h2> + SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS. + </h2> + <hr /> + <h3> + SUMMER MORNING LANDSCAPE.—DELTA. + </h3> + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p> + The eyelids of the morning are awake; + </p> + <p> + The dews are disappearing from the grass; + </p> + <p> + The sun is o'er the mountains; and the trees, + </p> + <p> + Moveless, are stretching through the blue of heaven, + </p> + <p> + Exuberantly green. All noiseless + </p> + <p> + The shadows of the twilight fleet away, + </p> + <p> + And draw their misty legion to the west, + </p> + <p> + Seen for awhile, 'mid the salubrious air, + </p> + <p> + Suspended in the silent atmosphere, + </p> + <p> + As in Medina's mosque Mahomet's tomb,— + </p> + <p> + Up from the coppice, on exulting wing, + </p> + <p> + Mounts, mounts the skylark through the clouds of + dawn,— + </p> + <p> + The clouds, whose snow-white canopy is spread + </p> + <p> + Athwart, yet hiding not, at intervals, + </p> + <p> + The azure beauty of the summer sky; + </p> + <p> + And, at far distance heard, a bodiless note + </p> + <p> + Pours down, as if from cherub stray'd from Heaven! + </p> + </div> + <div class="stanza"> + <p> + Maternal Nature! all thy sights and sounds + </p> + <p> + Now breathe repose, and peace, and harmony. + </p> + <p> + The lake's unruffled bosom, cold and clear, + </p> + <p> + Expands beneath me, like a silver veil + </p> + <p> + Thrown o'er the level of subjacent fields, + </p> + <p> + Revealing, on its conscious countenance, + </p> + <p> + The shadows of the clouds that float above:— + </p> + <p> + Upon its central stone the heron sits + </p> + <p> + Stirless,—as in the wave its counterpart,— + </p> + <p> + Looking, with quiet eye, towards the shore + </p> + <p> + Of dark-green copse-wood, dark, save, here and there, + </p> + <p> + Where spangled with the broom's bright aureate + flowers.— + </p> + <p> + The blue-winged sea-gull, sailing placidly + </p> + <p> + Above his landward haunts, dips down alert + </p> + <p> + His plumage in the waters, and, anon, + </p> + <p> + With quicken'd wing, in silence re-ascends.— + </p> + <p> + Whence comest thou, lone pilgrim of the wild? + </p> + <p> + Whence wanderest thou, lone Arab of the air? + </p> + <p> + Where makest thou thy dwelling-place? Afar, + </p> + <p> + O'er inland pastures, from the herbless rock, + </p> + <p> + Amid the weltering ocean, thou dost hold, + </p> + <p> + At early sunrise, thy unguided way,— + </p> + <p> + The visitants of Nature's varied realms,— + </p> + <p> + The habitant of Ocean, Earth, and Air,— + </p> + <p> + Sailing with sportive breast, mid wind and wave, + </p> + <p> + And, when the sober evening draws around + </p> + <p> + Her curtains, clasp'd together by her Star, + </p> + <p> + Returning to the sea-rock's breezy peak. + </p> + </div> + <div class="stanza"> + <p> + And now the wood engirds me, the tall stems + </p> + <p> + Of birch and beech tree hemming me around, + </p> + <p> + Like pillars of some natural temple vast; + </p> + <p> + And, here and there, some giant pines ascend, + </p> + <p> + Briareus-like, amid the stirless air, + </p> + <p> + High stretching; like a good man's virtuous thoughts + </p> + <p> + Forsaking earth for heaven. The cushat stands + </p> + <p> + Amid the topmost boughs, with azure vest, + </p> + <p> + And neck aslant, listening the amorous coo + </p> + <p> + Of her, his mate, who, with maternal wing + </p> + <p> + Wide-spread, sits brooding on opponent tree. + </p> + <p> + Why, from the rank grass underneath my feet, + </p> + <p> + Aside on ruffled pinion dost thou start, + </p> + <p> + Sweet minstrel of the morn? Behold her nest, + </p> + <p> + Thatch'd o'er with cunning skill, and there, her young + </p> + <p> + With sparkling eye, and thin-fledged russet wing; + </p> + <p> + Younglings of air! probationers of song! + </p> + <p> + From lurking dangers may ye rest secure, + </p> + <p> + Secure from prowling weazel, or the tread + </p> + <p> + Of steed incautious, wandering 'mid the flowers? + </p> + <p> + Secure beneath the fostering care of her + </p> + <p> + Who warm'd you into life, and gave you birth; + </p> + <p> + Till, plumed and strong unto the buoyant air, + </p> + <p> + Ye spread your equal wings, and to the morn, + </p> + <p> + Lifting your freckled bosoms, dew-besprent, + </p> + <p> + Salute with spirit-stirring song, the man + </p> + <p> + Wayfaring lonely. Hark! the striderous neigh! + </p> + <p> + There, o'er his dogrose fence, the chestnut foal, + </p> + <p> + Shaking his silver forelock, proudly stands,— + </p> + <p> + To snuff the balmy fragrance of the morn:— + </p> + <p> + Up comes his ebon compeer, and, anon, + </p> + <p> + Around the field in mimic chase they fly, + </p> + <p> + Startling the echoes of the woodland gloom. + </p><span class="pagenum"><a id="page32" + name="page32"></a>[pg 32]</span> + <p> + Farewell, ye placid scenes! amid the land + </p> + <p> + Ye smile, an inland solitude: the voice + </p> + <p> + Of peace-destroying man is seldom heard + </p> + <p> + Amid your landscapes. Beautiful ye raise + </p> + <p> + Your green embowering groves, and smoothly spread + </p> + <p> + Your waters, glistening in a silver sheet. + </p> + <p> + The morning is a season of delight— + </p> + <p> + The morning is the self-possession'd hour— + </p> + <p> + 'Tis then that feelings, sunk, but unsubdued, + </p> + <p> + Feelings of purer thoughts, and happier days, + </p> + <p> + Awake, and, like the sceptred images + </p> + <p> + Of Banquo's mirror, in succession pass! + </p> + </div> + <div class="stanza"> + <p> + And, first of all, and fairest, thou dost pass + </p> + <p> + In Memory's eye, beloved! though now afar + </p> + <p> + From those sweet vales, where we have often roam'd + </p> + <p> + Together. Do thy blue eyes now survey + </p> + <p> + The brightness of the morn in other scenes? + </p> + <p> + Other, but haply beautiful as these, + </p> + <p> + Which now I gaze on; but which, wanting thee, + </p> + <p> + Want half their charms, for, to thy poet's thought, + </p> + <p> + More deeply glow'd the heaven, when thy fine eye, + </p> + <p> + Surveying its grand arch, all kindling glow'd; + </p> + <p> + The white cloud to thy white brow was a foil; + </p> + <p> + And, by the soft tints of thy cheek outvied, + </p> + <p> + The dew-bent wild-rose droop'd despairingly. + </p> + </div> + </div> + <p> + <i>Blackwood's Mag.</i> + </p> + <hr class="full" /> + <h2> + THE GATHERER. + </h2> + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p> + "A snapper-up of unconsidered trifles." + </p> + <p> + SHAKSPEARE. + </p> + </div> + </div> + <hr /> + <h3> + CHANGING COIN. + </h3> + <p> + Judge Gould married his daughter to Lord Cavan. A gentleman + asking what fortune, was answered, "it was all in + <i>Gould</i>, and his lordship changed it the first day." + </p> + <hr /> + <h3> + VOLTAIRE. + </h3> + <p> + Voltaire said of a traveller, who made too long a stay with + him at Ferney, "Don Quixote took inns for castles, but + Mr.—— takes castles for inns." + </p> + <hr /> + <h3> + ABROAD AND AT HOME. + </h3> + <p> + The English abroad can never get to look as if they were at + home. The Irish and Scotch, after being some time in a place, + get the air of the natives; but an Englishman, in any foreign + court, looks about him as if he was going to steal a tankard. + </p> + <hr /> + <h3> + PARODY OF THE FIRST SONG IN THE BEGGAR'S OPERA. + </h3> + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p> + Through all the odd noses in vogue, + </p> + <p class="i2"> + Each nose is turn'd up at its brother; + </p> + <p> + Broad and blunt they call platter and pug, + </p> + <p class="i2"> + And thus they take snuff at each other. + </p> + </div> + <div class="stanza"> + <p> + The short calls the long nose a snout, + </p> + <p class="i2"> + The long calls the short nose a snub; + </p> + <p> + And the bottle nose being so stout, + </p> + <p class="i2"> + Thinks every sharp one a scrub. + </p> + </div> + </div> + <h4> + T.H. + </h4> + <hr /> + <h3> + GARRICK AND STERNE. + </h3> + <p> + Sterne, who used his wife very ill, was one day talking to + Garrick in a fine sentimental manner, in praise of conjugal + love and fidelity. "The husband," said Sterne, "who behaves + unkindly to his wife, deserves to have his house burnt over + his head." "If you think so," said Garrick, "I hope + <i>your</i> house is insured." + </p> + <hr /> + <h3> + UNPALATABLE IMPROVEMENT. + </h3> + <p> + Wilkes attended a city dinner, not long after his promotion + to city honours. Among the guests was a noisy, vulgar deputy, + a great glutton, who, on his entering the dinner-room, always + with great deliberation took off his wig, suspended it on a + pin, and with due solemnity put on a white cotton night-cap. + Wilkes, who was a high bred man, and never accustomed to + similar exhibitions, could not take his eyes from so strange + and novel a picture. At length the deputy walked up to + Wilkes, and asked him whether he did not think that his + night-cap became him? "Oh! yes, Sir," replied Wilkes, "but it + would look much better if it was pulled quite over your + face." + </p> + <hr /> + <h3> + CHARMS OF A DUEL. + </h3> + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p> + It has a strange quick jar upon the ear, + </p> + <p class="i2"> + That cocking of a pistol, when you know + </p> + <p> + A moment more will bring the sight to bear + </p> + <p class="i2"> + Upon your person, twelve yards off, or so, + </p> + <p> + A gentlemanly distance, not too near, + </p> + <p class="i2"> + If you have got a former friend for foe; + </p> + <p> + But after being fired at once or twice, + </p> + <p> + The ear becomes more Irish, and less nice. + </p> + </div> + </div> + <h4> + BYRON. + </h4> + <hr /> + <h3> + WESTMINSTER HALL. + </h3> + <p> + A peasant newly arrived in London, asked what building was + that, pointing to where the law courts are held. "It is a + mill," said an attorney, to quiz the bumpkin. "I thought as + much," replied the countryman, "for I see a good many asses + at the door with sacks." + </p> + <hr /> + <h3> + OUT OF DEBT. + </h3> + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p> + You say you nothing owe, and so I say, + </p> + <p> + He only owes who something has—to pay. + </p> + </div> + </div> + <hr /> + <h3> + NEWSPAPER LIBELS. + </h3> + <p> + Writers in some journals, like rope-dancers, to engage the + public attention, must venture their necks every step that + they take. The pleasure people feel, arises from the risk + that they run. + </p> + <hr class="full" /> + <blockquote class="footnote"> + <a id="footnote1" name="footnote1"></a> <b>Footnote 1</b>: + <a href="#footnotetag1">(return)</a> + <p> + See Succession Chronologica de los Reyes de Portugal. + </p> + </blockquote> + <blockquote class="footnote"> + <a id="footnote2" name="footnote2"></a> <b>Footnote 2</b>: + <a href="#footnotetag2">(return)</a> + <p> + If I may be allowed to offer a conjecture on the cause of + this singular white veil, or cloud, I can only attribute it + to the vapour of water which escapes from the earth from + the heated mass below, and which is condensed on rising + into the cold air, and thus rendered visible. Bogota, + according to my measurement, which corresponds very nearly + with that of Baron Humboldt, is 9,600 feet above the level + of the sea, and is distant at least one hundred miles from + any known volcano.] + </p> + </blockquote> + <blockquote class="footnote"> + <a id="footnote3" name="footnote3"></a> <b>Footnote 3</b>: + <a href="#footnotetag3">(return)</a> + <p> + Vide MIRROR, vol. iv. pp 2, 22, 61, 102.] + </p> + </blockquote> + <blockquote class="footnote"> + <a id="footnote4" name="footnote4"></a> <b>Footnote 4</b>: + <a href="#footnotetag4">(return)</a> + <p> + It is singular, but almost true to an axiom, that objects + capable of exciting disgust in their <i>reality</i>, confer + delight in their pictorial <i>representation</i>; the + interior of some wretched hovel, a sty and its inmates, and + a boorish revel, will exemplify this. Our pleasure in that + case arises <i>perhaps</i> not from the objects + represented, but from the <i>truth of the + representation</i>. I know not that this paradox has ever + been solved, and therefore with diffidence offer, that we + are rather pleased with the <i>artist</i> than his + <i>subject</i>. + </p> + </blockquote> + <blockquote class="footnote"> + <a id="footnote5" name="footnote5"></a> <b>Footnote 5</b>: + <a href="#footnotetag5">(return)</a> + <p> + Extraordinary and beautiful effects, however, are, by + superior painters, frequently produced by violating this + latter rule. The writer would particularly notice the + results of light thrown into the distance, in stormy + sea-views. + </p> + </blockquote> + <blockquote class="footnote"> + <a id="footnote6" name="footnote6"></a> <b>Footnote 6</b>: + <a href="#footnotetag6">(return)</a> + <p> + Coffee has been recommended for this purpose, but delicate + and pleasing washes or glazings may be produced from burnt + sienna, yellow ochre, burnt umbre, and lake, in various + combinations, and laid on extremely attenuated by water. + </p> + </blockquote> + <blockquote class="footnote"> + <a id="footnote7" name="footnote7"></a> <b>Footnote 7</b>: + <a href="#footnotetag7">(return)</a> + <p> + The artist, however, cannot produce <i>his</i> tints from + those simple colours <i>entirely</i>, but the advice once + given to the writer, by a painter, was:—"Never fancy + that <i>many</i> colours will effect your object; a + <i>few</i> well chosen will better succeed, and be more + easily managed; half-a-dozen would, for <i>me</i>, answer + every purpose." The student is warned against <i>gaudy + colouring</i>, which, if allowable in <i>caricatures</i> + seen <i>elsewhere</i>, reminds one of pedlar's pictures. + </p> + </blockquote> + <blockquote class="footnote"> + <a id="footnote8" name="footnote8"></a> <b>Footnote 8</b>: + <a href="#footnotetag8">(return)</a> + <p> + The old masters are well known to have made carefully + <i>many</i> sketches of the subjects they designed for + pictures, ere they dreamt of painting compositions that + were to last for ever. + </p> + </blockquote> + <blockquote class="footnote"> + <a id="footnote9" name="footnote9"></a> <b>Footnote 9</b>: + <a href="#footnotetag9">(return)</a> + <p> + Flamen, among the ancient Romans, was a priest or minister + of sacrifice. + </p> + </blockquote> + <blockquote class="footnote"> + <a id="footnote10" name="footnote10"></a> <b>Footnote 10</b>: + <a href="#footnotetag10">(return)</a> + <p> + "What boots it thee to call thyself a sun." + </p> + </blockquote> + <hr class="full" /> + <p> + <i>Printed and Published by J. LIMBIRD, 143, Strand, (near + Somerset House), London: and published by ERNEST FLEISCHER, + 626, New Market, Liepsic; and sold by all Newsmen and + Booksellers</i>. + </p> + <hr class="full" /> +<p>***END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE MIRROR OF LITERATURE, AMUSEMENT, AND INSTRUCTION, VOL. 12, ISSUE 322, JULY 12, 1828***</p> +<p>******* This file should be named 11362-h.txt or 11362-h.zip *******</p> +<p>This and all associated files of various formats will be found in:<br /> +<a href="https://www.gutenberg.org/1/1/3/6/11362">https://www.gutenberg.org/1/1/3/6/11362</a></p> +<p>Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed.</p> + +<p>Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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